Annual

Statistical

Supplement,

2001

to the Social Security Bulletin

Social Security Administration

Office of Policy

Office of Research, Evaluation, and Statistics

iii

Contents 

iv Abbreviations

vii List of Tables

xvii List of Charts

1 Highlights and Trends 

9 Social Security 

22 Supplemental Security Income 0

Health Care 

43 Medicare

57 Medicaid 0

Other Social Insurance and Veterans 

63 Unemployment Insurance

66 Workers’ Compensation

68 Temporary Disability Insurance

70 Black Lung Benefits

71 Veterans' Benefits 0

Public Assistance

74 Temporary Assistance for Needy Families

77 Food Stamps

81 Low-Income Home Energy Assistance Program 0

Technical Notes

343 Sampling Variability

345 OASDI Benefit Award Data

346 Poverty Data

349 Computing a Retired-Worker Benefit 0

355 Glossary

373 Index to Tables
iv

Abbreviations

AB Aid to the Blind

ACF Administration for Children and Families

AET Annual earnings test

AFDC Aid to Families with Dependent Children

AFDC-UP Aid to Families with Dependent Children-Unemployed Parents

AIDS Acquired immunity deficiency syndrome

AIME Average indexed monthly earnings

AMW Average monthly wage

APTD Aid to the Permanently and Totally Disabled

BBA Balanced Budget Act of 1997

BC/BS Blue Cross/Blue Shield

CDR Continuing disability review

CHAMPVA Civilian Health and Medical Program of the Department of Veterans Affairs

CLIA Clinical Laboratory Improvement Act

CMP Competitive medical plans

CMS Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services

COBRA Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act

COLA Cost-of-living adjustment

CPI-U Consumer price index for all urban consumers

CPI-W Consumer price index for urban wage earners and clerical workers

CPS Current Population Survey

DA&A Drug addiction and alcoholism

DI Disability Insurance

DME Durable medical equipment

DOE Department of Energy

DOL Department of Labor

DRG Diagnosis-related group

EA Emergency Assistance

EBT Electronic benefit transfer

EPSDT Early and periodic screening, diagnostic, and treatment

ESRD End stage renal disease

FERS Federal Employees Retirement System

FFS Fee for service

FICA Federal Insurance Contributions Act

FMAP Federal medical assistance percentage

FPL Federal poverty level

FQHC Federally qualified health center

FRA Full retirement age
v

FUTA Federal Unemployment Tax Act

FY Fiscal year

GDP Gross domestic product

HCBS Home and community based services

HCFA Health Care Financing Administration

HHA Home health agency

HHS Department of Health and Human Services

HI Hospital Insurance

HIV Human immunodeficiency virus

HMO Health maintenance organization

ICF Intermediate care facility

ICFs/MR Intermediate care facilities for the mentally retarded

JOBS Job Opportunities and Basic Skills Training

LIHEAP Low-Income Home Energy Assistance Program

LTC Long-term care

MBC Monthly benefit credited

MBR Master Beneficiary Record

MCCA Medicare Catastrophic Coverage Act

MCCRA Medicare Catastrophic Coverage Repeal Act

MN Medically needy

MOE Maintenance of effort

MSA Medical savings account

NEW Native Employment Works

NRC National Research Council

OAA Old-Age Assistance

OASDI Old-Age, Survivors, and Disability Insurance

OASI Old-Age and Survivors Insurance

OBRA Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act

OEO Office of Economic Opportunity

OMB Office of Management and Budget

PACE Programs of all-inclusive care for the elderly

PESS Property essential to self-support

PIA Primary insurance amount

PIB Primary insurance benefit

PPO Preferred provider organization

PPS Prospective payment system

PRO Peer review organization

PSO Provider-sponsored organization

QC Quarter of coverage
vi

QDWIS Qualified disabled working individuals

QI Qualified individual

QMB Qualified Medicare beneficiary

REACH Residential Emergency Assistance Challenge

RVS Relative value scale

SCHIP State Children’s Health Insurance Program

SECA Self-Employment Contributions Act

SGA Substantial gainful activity

SIPP Survey of Income and Program Participation

SLMB Specified low-income Medicare beneficiary

SMI Supplementary Medical Insurance

SNF Skilled nursing facility

SSA Social Security Administration

SSI Supplemental Security Income

TANF Temporary Assistance for Needy Families

TEFRA Tax Equity and Fiscal Responsibility Act

TFP Thrifty Food Plan

TWP Trial work period

USDA Department of Agriculture

VA Department of Veterans Affairs

VEAP Veterans’ Educational Assistance Program

WEP Windfall Elimination Provision 

WIN Work Incentive Program
vii

List of Tables

History of OASDI Provisions

Coverage, Financing, and Insured Status

Page 0

84 2.A1 Type of covered employment and self-employment

86 2.A2 Noncontributory wage credits

87 2.A3 Annual maximum taxable earnings and actual contribution rates, 1937–2001 and thereafter

88 2.A4 Maximum annual amount of contribution, 1937–2001

89 2.A5 Tax credits, 1983–89

89 2.A6 Appropriations from general revenues and interfund borrowing

90 2.A7 Insured status (benefit eligibility) 0

Benefit Computation and Automatic Adjustments 0

92 2.A8 Factors for indexing earnings, 1951–2001

94 2.A9 Indexed earnings for workers with maximum earnings, 1951–2001

95 2.A10 Average monthly wage (AMW) and average indexed monthly earnings (AIME)

96 2.A11 Formulas for computing PIA from AIME, increases in PIA based on cost-of-living adjustments, and minimum PIA, for workers who were first eligible (attained age 62, became disabled, or died) in 1979 or later

97 2.A11.1 Computation of PIA based on Windfall Elimination Provision (WEP)

98 2.A12 Special minimum PIA: Formula applies to years of coverage

100 2.A13 Formulas for computing maximum family benefit from PIA, and increases in maximum based on cost-ofliving adjustments, for workers who attained age 62 or died (before attaining age 62) in 1979 or later

100 2.A14 Formulas for computing maximum family benefit, and increases in maximum based on cost-of-living 

adjustments, for workers first eligible for disability benefits in 1979 or later

101 2.A15 Formulas for computing PIA from creditable earnings after 1936

102 2.A16 Formulas for computing PIA from AMW based on earnings after 1950, and percentage increases in PIA

104 2.A17 Minimum PIA and maximum family benefit for workers who attained age 62, were first eligible for disabled-worker benefits, or died before 1979

105 2.A18 Automatic adjustment provisions

107 2.A19 Cumulative effect of statutory and automatic increases in benefits: $100 base benefit 0

Benefit Types and Levels 0

109 2.A20 Monthly benefits for retired and disabled workers

110 2.A21 Monthly benefits for spouses and children of retired and disabled workers

112 2.A22 Monthly benefits for survivors of deceased workers

116 2.A23 Monthly benefits for transitionally insured workers and their spouses and surviving spouses, aged 72 

before 1969

116 2.A24 Monthly benefits for individuals and couples insured for special age-72 (Prouty) benefits

117 2.A25 Lump-sum benefits and vocational rehabilitation services

118 2.A26 Monthly benefit amount for selected beneficiary families with first eligibility in 2000, by average indexed 

monthly earnings for selected wage levels, effective December 2000

119 2.A27 Minimum and maximum monthly retired-worker benefits payable to individuals who retired at age 62, 

1957–2001

120 2.A28 Minimum and maximum monthly retired-worker benefits payable to individuals who retired at age 65, 

1940–2001 0

Effect of Current Earnings and Taxation of Benefits 0

122 2.A29 Earnings (retirement) test

124 2.A30 Earnings guidelines regarding substantial gainful activity (SGA), 1961–2001

125 2.A31 Taxation of Social Security benefits

126 2.A32 Taxation of Social Security benefits: Examples 0
viii

Supplemental Security Income

127 2.B1 Federal benefit rates

Medicare

128 2.C1 Medicare cost sharing and premium amounts, 1966–2001

Medicaid

129 2.C2 Federal medical assistance percentage and enhanced federal medical assistance percentage 0

SSA Administrative Data

Offices and Staff 0

130 2.F1 Number of SSA offices, 2000

130 2.F2 Number and percentage of SSA employees, by grade, September 30, 2000

130 2.F3 Number of work years, fiscal years, 1991–2000 0

Claims Workloads 0

131 2.F4 Old-Age and Survivors Insurance, fiscal year 2000

131 2.F5 Disability Insurance, fiscal year 2000

131 2.F6 Supplemental Security Income, fiscal year 2000 0

Service Delivery 0

132 2.F7 Accuracy rates and use of 800 telephone number, fiscal years 1995–2000 0

Hearings and Appeals 0

133 2.F8 Workload of SSA's Administrative Law Judges (ALJs), fiscal years 1999–2001

133 2.F9 Number of hearing receipts, dispositions, and end-of-year pending cases, fiscal years 2000–2001

133 2.F10 Number of civil litigation cases, fiscal year 2000

133 2.F11 Number of SSA Appeals Council cases, fiscal years 1999–2001 0

Social Welfare and the Economy

Social Welfare Expenditures 0

134 3.A1 Gross domestic product and social welfare expenditures under public programs, fiscal years 1965–95

3.A2 Discontinued

135 3.A3 Social welfare expenditures under public programs, fiscal years 1965–95

136 3.A4 Private social welfare expenditures, by category and as a percent of gross domestic product (GDP), 

1980–94 0

Employment and Earnings 0

3.B1 Discontinued

3.B2 Discontinued

137 3.B3 Federal minimum wage rates under the Fair Labor Standards Act and average hourly earnings and average weekly hours for production workers in manufacturing, 1938–2000

Interprogram Data

3.C1 Discontinued

3.C2 Discontinued

138 3.C3 Selected social insurance programs: Source of funds from contributions and transfers, 1965–2000

139 3.C4 Social Security and selected public assistance programs: Average monthly amount in current and 2000 

dollars, 1950–2000

140 3.C5 Population aged 65 or older receiving OASDI benefits, SSI payments, or both, 1940–2000, ranked by 

state, December 2000

141 3.C6 Number and percent of OASDI beneficiaries also receiving federally administered SSI payments, by SSI 

category and type of OASDI benefit, December 2000
ix

142 3.C6.1 Number of persons aged 18–64 receiving OASDI benefits or federally administered SSI payments based 

on disability, by type of benefit, 1978–2000

143 3.C7 Number of persons aged 15 or older with Social Security benefits or with Supplemental Security Income, 

by age, sex, race, March 2000, and median annual benefit, 1999

144 3.C8 Number of persons aged 15 or older with Social Security benefits or Supplemental Security Income and 

number and percent of Hispanic origin, by age, sex, March 2000, and median annual benefit, 1999

Poverty

145 3.E1 Weighted average poverty thresholds for nonfarm families of specified size, 1959–2000

146 3.E2 Number and percent of poor persons, by age, at end of 1959–1999

147 3.E3 Shares of money income from earnings and other sources for aged and nonaged families, 1999

148 3.E4 Current living arrangements of persons aged 65 or older, March 2000

3.E5 Discontinued

149 3.E6 Aged families receiving Social Security benefits, by share of income from benefits and race, 1999

3.E7 Discontinued

150 3.E8 Poverty guidelines for families of specified size, 1965–2001

Old-Age, Survivors, and Disability Insurance

Trust Funds

151 4.A1 Old-Age and Survivors Insurance, 1937–2000

152 4.A2 Disability Insurance, 1957–2000

153 4.A3 Combined OASI and DI, 1957–2000

154 4.A4 Total annual benefits paid, by type of benefit and trust fund, and as percent of personal income, 

1937–2000

155 4.A5 Total annual benefits paid from OASI trust fund, by type of benefit, 1937–2000

156 4.A6 Total annual benefits paid from DI trust fund, by type of benefit, 1957–2000

Covered Workers

157 4.B1 Workers, earnings, and Social Security numbers issued, 1937–2000

158 4.B2 Number and amount of earnings for wage and salary and self-employed workers, 1951–2000

159 4.B3 Number of workers and median annual earnings, by type of worker and sex, 1937–1998

160 4.B4 Percent of all workers and self-employed workers with total annual earnings below annual maximum taxable, by sex, 1937–1998

161 4.B5 Number of all workers, by age and sex, 1937–1998

162 4.B6 Median earnings of all workers, by age and sex, 1937–1998

163 4.B7 Number of wage and salary workers, by amount of taxable earnings and sex, 1992–1998

164 4.B8 Number of self-employed workers, by age and sex, 1951–1998

165 4.B9 Number of self-employed workers, by amount of taxable earnings and sex, 1992–1998

166 4.B10 Number of workers, taxable earnings, and contributions, by type of employment and state, 1998

167 4.B11 Number of workers, taxable earnings, and contributions, by type of employment, 1937–2000

168 4.B12 Number of workers, taxable earnings, and contributions, by type of employment and state, 1998

Insured Workers

169 4.C1 Estimated number, by insured status, December 31, 1940–2001

170 4.C2 Estimated number, by insured status, age, and sex, 1970–2001

4.C3 Discontinued

4.C4 Discontinued

172 4.C5 Population in the Social Security area: Estimated number and percent fully insured, by age and sex, 

1996–2001

173 4.C6 Period life table, 1998

Benefits in Current-Payment Status

174 5.A1 Number and average monthly benefit, by type of benefit, race, age, and sex, December 2000

5.A2 Discontinued

185 5.A3 Number and average monthly benefit, with reduction for early retirement, by type of benefit, race, age, 
x

and sex, December 2000

188 5.A4 Number and total monthly benefits, 1940–2000

189 5.A5 Number and average age, by type of benefit, December 2000

189 5.A6 Number and average monthly benefit, by type of benefit and race, December 2000

190 5.A7 Number and average monthly benefit for women, by type of benefit and race, December 2000

190 5.A8 Number and average primary insurance amount and average monthly benefit for persons with benefits 

based on special minimum primary insurance amount, by type of benefit, December 2000

5.A9 Discontinued

191 5.A10 Number and average monthly benefit for beneficiaries aged 60 or older, by type of benefit, age, and sex, 

December 2000

5.A11 Discontinued

5.A12 Discontinued

5.A13 Discontinued

192 5.A14 Number and percentage distribution of women aged 62 or older, by type of benefit and dual entitlement 

status, December 1960–2000

192 5.A15 Number and average monthly benefit for women aged 65 or older, by age, type of benefit, and dual 

entitlement status, December 2000

193 5.A16 Number and average monthly benefit for adult beneficiaries, by type of benefit, sex, and age, 

December 2000

194 5.A17 Number and average benefit for disabled beneficiaries, by type of benefit, 1957–2000 0

Retired Workers 0

195 5.B1 Number, average primary insurance amount, and average monthly benefit without reduction for early 

retirement and with delayed retirement credit, by age and sex, December 2000

196 5.B2 Number, average primary insurance amount, and average monthly benefit without reduction for early 

retirement and without delayed retirement credit, by age and sex, December 2000

197 5.B3 Number and average monthly benefit before and after delayed retirement credit, by age and sex, 

December 2000

198 5.B4 Number, percent, and average monthly benefit, by year of entitlement as retired worker and sex, 

December 2000

199 5.B5 Number, average age, and percentage distribution, by age and sex, 1940–2000

200 5.B6 Number and percentage distribution with and without reduction for early retirement, by monthly benefit

and sex, December 2000

201 5.B7 Number and percentage distribution with and without reduction for early retirement, by primary insurance amount and sex, December 2000

202 5.B8 Number and average monthly benefit with and without reduction for early retirement, by sex, 1956–2000

203 5.B9 Number and percentage distribution, by monthly benefit, age, and sex, December 2000 0

Retired Workers and Dependents 0

204 5.C1 Number and percentage distribution, by type of benefit and primary insurance amount, December 2000

205 5.C2 Average monthly benefit, by type of benefit and sex, 1940–2000 0

Disabled Workers 0

206 5.D1 Number, percent, and average monthly benefit, by year of entitlement as disabled worker and sex, 

December 2000

207 5.D2 Number and percentage distribution, by monthly benefit and sex, December 2000

207 5.D3 Number and monthly benefits, by sex, 1957–2000

208 5.D4 Number, average age, and percentage distribution, by age and sex, 1957–2000

209 5.D4.1 Number and percentage distribution of disabled beneficiaries, by type of beneficiary and diagnostic 

group, December 2000

210 5.D5 Number and percentage distribution, by diagnostic group and sex December 2000

211 5.D6 Number and percentage distribution, by diagnostic group, age, and sex, December 2000 0
xi

Disabled Workers and Dependents 0

212 5.E1 Number and percentage distribution, by type of benefit and primary insurance amount, December 2000

212 5.E2 Average monthly benefit, by type of benefit, age, and sex, 1957–2000 0

Dependents and Survivors 0

213 5.F1 Number of wives and husbands and monthly benefits, by type of benefit, 1950–2000

5.F2 Discontinued

214 5.F3 Number and percentage distribution of wives with entitlement based on age, by monthly benefit and 

age, December 2000

215 5.F4 Number of children and total monthly benefit, by type of benefit, 1940–2000

5.F5 Discontinued

216 5.F6 Average monthly benefit for survivors, by type of benefit, 1940–2000

217 5.F7 Number and percentage distribution of survivors, by type of benefit and primary insurance amount, 

December 2000

218 5.F8 Number of widows and widowers and total monthly benefit, by type of benefit, 1950–2000

219 5.F9 Number, percent, and average monthly benefit, by year of entitlement as nondisabled widow or widower, December 2000

219 5.F10 Number, percent, and average monthly benefit, by year of entitlement as disabled widow or widower, 

December 2000

220 5.F11 Number and percentage distribution of nondisabled widows, by monthly benefit and age, December 

2000

221 5.F12 Number of widowed mothers and fathers and monthly benefit, by type of benefit, 1950–2000

222 5.F13 Number and average monthly benefit for nondisabled widows aged 65 or older, by reduction status and 

limitation of benefit, December 2000 0

Retired Workers with Dual Entitlement 0

223 5.G1 Number and percentage distribution of persons receiving both a retired-worker and secondary benefit 

with and without reduction for early retirement, by primary insurance amount and sex, December 2000

224 5.G2 Number receiving both a retired-worker and secondary benefit, by type of secondary benefit, 1952–2000

225 5.G3 Number and average monthly benefit for persons receiving both a retired-worker and secondary benefit, 

by type of secondary benefit, December 2000

225 5.G4 Number, combined average monthly benefit, and retired-worker benefit as percent of total combined 

benefit, December 2000

226 5.G5 Number and percentage distribution, by total combined monthly benefit and retired-worker benefit, 

December 2000 0

Beneficiary Families 0

227 5.H1 Number and average monthly family benefit for selected family groups, 1945–2000

228 5.H2 Number and average primary insurance amount and average monthly family benefit for selected family 

groups, December 2000

229 5.H3 Number and percentage distribution of retired-worker and disabled-worker families, by monthly benefit for selected family groups, December 2000

230 5.H4 Number and percentage distribution of survivor families, by monthly benefit for selected family groups, 

December 2000 0

Geographic Data 0

231 5.J1 Estimated total benefits paid, by program, calendar year 2000

232 5.J2 Number, by type of benefit, December 2000

233 5.J3 Number and total monthly benefit for beneficiaries aged 65 or older, December 2000

234 5.J4 Total monthly benefit, by type of benefit, December 2000

235 5.J5 Number, by age, December 2000

236 5.J5.1 Number, by race and sex, December 2000

237 5.J6 Average and median monthly benefit for retired workers and number and percentage distribution, by 

monthly benefit, December 2000
xii

5.J7 Discontinued 

238 5.J8 Average and median monthly benefit for disabled workers and number and percentage distribution, by 

monthly benefit, December 2000

239 5.J9 Average and median monthly benefit for nondisabled widows and widowers and number and percentage distribution, by monthly benefit, December 2000

240 5.J10 Number of children, by type of benefit, December 2000

241 5.J11 Number and total monthly benefit for beneficiaries in foreign countries, December 2000

242 5.J12 Number of disabled workers, by diagnostic group, December 2000

243 5.J13 Number and percentage distribution of disabled workers, by diagnostic group, December 2000

244 5.J14 Number, average and median monthly benefit, by type of disabled beneficiary, December 2000 0

Direct Deposit

245 5.K1 Number and percent of beneficiaries, and average monthly benefit, by state and direct deposit status, 

December 2000 0

Representative Payee 0

246 5.L1 Total number of OASDI beneficiaries and number and percent with representative payee, by type of beneficiary and age, December 2000 0

International Agreements 0

247 5.M1 Number of beneficiaries and average monthly benefit under U.S. totalization agreements, by country 

involved in the agreement and type of benefit, December 1983–2000

Benefits Awarded, Withheld, and Terminated

248 6.A1 Number, by type of benefit, 1940–2000

249 6.A2 Average primary insurance amount for retired workers and average monthly benefit for retired workers, 

disabled workers, and widows, 1940–2000

250 6.A3 Number and average monthly benefit, by type of benefit, age, sex, and race, 2000

252 6.A4 Number and average monthly benefit for retired and disabled workers, by age and sex, 2000

253 6.A5 Number and average monthly benefit with reduction for early retirement, by type of benefit, sex, and age, 

2000

254 6.A6 Number, percentage distribution, and average monthly benefit for retired and disabled workers, by state, 

2000 0

Retired Workers 0

255 6.B1 Number of initial awards to retired workers aged 62-64, average primary insurance amount, average 

monthly benefit, and number of months of benefits withheld due to earnings, by age and sex, 2000

6.B2 Discontinued

256 6.B3 Number and percentage distribution with and without reduction for early retirement, by monthly benefit

and sex, 2000

257 6.B4 Number and percentage distribution with and without reduction for early retirement, by primary insurance amount and sex, 2000

258 6.B5 Number, average age, and percentage distribution, by age and sex, 1940–2000 0

Disabled Workers 0

259 6.C1 Number and percentage distribution, by monthly benefit and sex, 2000

260 6.C2 Number, average age, and percentage distribution, by age and sex, 1957–2000

261 6.C3 Number and percentage distribution, by diagnostic group, age, and sex, 2000

6.C4 Discontinued

6.C5 Discontinued

6.C6 Discontinued

262 6.C7 Number of applications, awards, and ratio of awards to applications and awards per 1,000 insured workers for selected years, 1960–2000
xiii

0

Dependents and Survivors 0

263 6.D1 Number of wives and husbands, by type of benefit, 1950–2000

6.D2 Discontinued

264 6.D3 Number and average monthly benefit for wives and husbands, by age and sex, 2000

265 6.D4 Number of children, by type of benefit, 1957–2000

267 6.D5 Number and average monthly benefit for children, by type of benefit and age, 2000

268 6.D6 Number of mothers and fathers, by type of benefit, 1950–2000

269 6.D7 Number and average monthly benefit for widows and widowers, by age and sex, 2000

270 6.D8 Number of widows and widowers, by type of benefit, 1950–2000

270 6.D9 Number and average amount of lump-sum death payment awards, 1940–2000 0

Benefits Withheld 0

271 6.E1 Number and percentage distribution of retired workers with benefits withheld, by monthly benefit, 

reduction for early retirement, and sex, December 2000

6.E2 Discontinued 

6.E3 Discontinued 

272 6.E4 Number of beneficiaries with benefits withheld, by reason for withholding payment, type of benefit, and 

age, December 2000

272 6.E5 Number of wives, husbands, and children with benefits withheld, by reason for withholding payment 

and type of benefit, December 2000 0

Benefits Terminated 0

273 6.F1 Number of benefits terminated, by type, 1940–2000

274 6.F2 Number, by reason for termination and type of benefit, 2000

274 6.F3 Number of wives, husbands, and children, by reason for termination and type of benefit, 2000

Supplemental Security Income

275 7.A1 Number of persons receiving federally administered payments, total amount, and average monthly 

amount, by source of payment, category, and age, December 2000

275 7.A2 Number of persons receiving federally administered payments, total amount, and average monthly 

amount, by source of payment and category, December 2000

276 7.A3 Number of persons receiving payments, by source of payment and category, 1974–2000

277 7.A4 Total annual amount of payments, by source of payment and category, 1974–2000

278 7.A5 Average monthly amount, by source of payment and category, 1975–2000

7.A6 Discontinued

7.A7 Discontinued

279 7.A8 Number of federally administered awards, by category and age, 1974–2000

279 7.A9 Number of persons receiving federally administered payments, by category, 1974–2000 0

State Data 0

280 7.B1 Number of persons receiving federally administered payments and total annual amount, by category, 

2000

281 7.B2 Number of persons receiving state-administered supplementation and total amount of payments, by category, 2000

282 7.B3 Number of persons receiving federally administered payments and average monthly amount, December 

2000

7.B4 Discontinued

7.B5 Discontinued

7.B6 Discontinued

283 7.B7 Total amount, federal payments, and state supplementation, calendar year 2000

284 7.B8 Number of blind and disabled persons under age 18 receiving federally administered payments, 

December 2000

285 7.B9 Number of federally administered awards, by category and age, 2000 0
xiv

Benefit Distributions 0

286 7.C1 Number and percentage distribution of adult individuals and persons under age 18 receiving federal 

SSI payments, by category and monthly amount, December 2000

286 7.C2 Number and percentage distribution of couples receiving federal SSI payments, by category and 

monthly amount, December 2000 0

Other Income Sources 0

287 7.D1 Persons receiving both federally administered payments and other income, average monthly amount of 

income, by source, category, and age, December 2000

288 7.D2 Percent of persons receiving both federally administered payments and Social Security benefits, average monthly amount of benefits, by category, age, and state, December 2000 0

Recipient Characteristics 0

7.E1 Discontinued 

289 7.E2 Number and percentage distribution of federally administered awards, by sex, age, and category, 2000

290 7.E3 Number and percentage distribution of persons receiving federally administered payments, by sex, age, 

and category, December 2000

291 7.E4 Number and percentage distribution of persons with representative payees receiving federally administered payments, by category and age, December 2000

291 7.E5 Number and percentage distribution of persons receiving federally administered payments, by category, 

age, and living arrangement, December 2000

291 7.E6 Number of noncitizens receiving federally administered payments as a percent of SSI recipients, by category, 1982–2000 0

Disability 0

292 7.F1 Number and percentage distribution of blind and disabled persons under age 65 receiving federally 

administered payments and not transferred from prior state programs, by diagnostic group, December 

2000

293 7.F2 Number and percentage distribution of blind and disabled persons under age 65 receiving federally 

administered payments, by diagnostic group, age, and sex, December 2000

294 7.F3 Number of persons receiving special Supplemental Security Income payments and extended Medicaid 

coverage, for selected months, 1982–2000

295 7.F4 Number of persons receiving special Supplemental Security Income payments and extended Medicaid 

coverage, by age, sex, and types of earned and unearned income, December 2000

296 7.F5 Number of persons receiving special Supplemental Security Income payments and extended Medicaid 

coverage and average monthly earnings, by state, December 2000

Health Care Programs

Medicare

Trust Funds 0

297 8.A1 Hospital Insurance, 1966–2000

298 8.A2 Supplementary Medical Insurance, 1966–2000 0

Enrollment, Utilization, and Reimbursement 0

299 8.B1 Hospital Insurance and Supplementary Medical Insurance: Aged persons enrolled, served, and amount 

reimbursed, by type of coverage and service, 1967–1998

300 8.B2 Hospital Insurance and Supplementary Medical Insurance: Disabled persons enrolled, served, and 

amount reimbursed, by type of coverage and service, 1974–1998

301 8.B3 Hospital Insurance and Supplementary Medical Insurance: Number of enrollees, by state, July 1, 

1980–2000

303 8.B4 Hospital Insurance and Supplementary Medical Insurance: Number of persons aged 65 or older 

enrolled, by age, sex, and race, selected years, July 1, 1980–1999

304 8.B5 Hospital Insurance and Supplementary Medical Insurance: Number of disabled persons and persons with 
xv

end stage renal disease under age 65 enrolled, by age, sex, and race, selected years July 1, 1980–1999

8.B6 Discontinued

8.B7 Discontinued

305 8.B8 Hospital Insurance: Average covered charge per covered day of care in short-stay hospitals (1990–2000) 

and skilled nursing facilities (1975–2000), by state

307 8.B8.1 Hospital Insurance: Short-stay hospital discharges, by state, fiscal years 1990–2000

308 8.B9 Supplementary Medical Insurance: Number of reimbursed bills, charges, and amount reimbursed, by 

type of service and type of beneficiary, 1992–2000

310 8.B10 Supplementary Medical Insurance: Claims received by carriers and assignment rates, 1969–2000

310 8.B11 Supplementary Medical Insurance: Reasonable charge determination for SMI claims assigned and 

unassigned for aged and disabled persons, 1971–2000

311 8.B12 Supplementary Medical Insurance: State buy-ins, 1991–2001 0

Participating Facilities 0

312 8.C1 Hospital Insurance and Supplementary Medical Insurance: Number of facilities and beds, by participating providers, December 1967–2000

313 8.C2 Hospital Insurance: Number of participating hospitals and beds per 1,000 enrollees, by state, December 

2000

314 8.C3 Hospital Insurance and Supplementary Medical Insurance: Number of participating skilled nursing facilities, home health agencies, independent laboratories, and end stage renal disease facilities, by state, 

December 2000

Medicaid

Recipients 0

315 8.E1 Unduplicated number of recipients, total vendor payments, and average amounts, by type of medical 

service, fiscal years 1972–1998

316 8.E2 Unduplicated number of recipients, total vendor payments, and average amounts, by type of eligibility 

category, fiscal years 1972–1998 0

State Data 0

317 8.H1 Number of recipients, amount of payments, and average amount per recipient, by state, fiscal year 1998

Other Social Insurance and Veterans

Unemployment Insurance 0

9.A1 Discontinued

318 9.A2 Summary data on state programs, 1999

319 9.A2 Summary data on state programs, 2000

9.A3 Discontinued 0

Workers' Compensation 0

320 9.B1 Coverage, benefits, and costs, 1940–1999

321 9.B2 Benefits, by state, 1996–1999

322 9.B3 Type of insurer and medical benefits, by state, 1999 0

Temporary Disability Insurance

323 9.C1 Selected data on state and railroad programs, 1998 0

Black Lung Benefits

324 9.D1 Currently payable to miners, widows, and dependents, December 1970–2000

325 9.D2 Currently payable to miners, widows, and dependents, by state, December 2000

326 9.D3 Currently payable to miners and widows, by age, December 2000 0
xvi

Veterans' Benefits

327 9.F1 Number of payments, by type of payment and age, 1940–2000

Public Assistance

Temporary Assistance for Needy Families/AFDC and Emergency Assistance 0

328 9.G1 Average monthly number of recipients, total amount of cash payments, and average monthly payment, 

1936–1999

329 9.G2 Average monthly number of families and recipients of cash payments and total amount of payments, by 

state, 1999

Food Stamps

330 9.H1 Number of persons participating, value of benefits, and average benefit per person, fiscal years 1962–

2000 0

Low-Income Home Energy Assistance Program

331 9.J1 Number of households receiving home energy assistance, by type of assistance and state, fiscal years 

1997–1999

334 9.J1.1 Number of households receiving home energy assistance, by type of assistance, fiscal years 1982–1999

335 9.J2 Federal net allocations and amounts carried over, by state, fiscal years 1997–1999

338 9.J2.1 Federal net allocations and amounts carried over, fiscal years 1982–1999

339 9.J3 Estimated home emergency assistance obligations, by type of assistance and state, fiscal years 

1997–1999

342 9.J3.1 Estimated home emergency assistance obligations, by type of assistance, fiscal years 1982–1999

0

Adult Assistance

9.K1 Discontinued

General Assistance

9.L1 Discontinued 

Sampling Variability

343 10.A1 Approximations of standard errors of estimated number of persons

344 10.A2 Approximations of standard errors of estimated percentage of persons from 1-percent file

344 10.A3 Approximations of standard errors of estimated percentage of persons from 10-percent file
xvii

List of Charts

Income of the Aged

10 1 Sources of income, 2000

10 2 Income from Social Security, 2000

11 3 Share of income, by source, 2000

11 4 Poverty among Social Security beneficiaries, 2000

Old-Age, Survivors, and Disability Insurance

12 5 OASDI beneficiaries, by type of benefit, December 2000

12 6 OASDI benefits awarded, by type of benefit, December 2000

13 7 OASDI beneficiaries, by age, December 2000

13 8 Average monthly OASDI benefit, December 2000

Supplemental Security Income

15 1 Percentage distribution of federally administered SSI payments, by age, December 2000

15 2 Percentage distribution of federally and state administered SSI, by category, December 2000

16 3 Number of recipients with federally administered SSI payments, by age, 1974–2000

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Highlights and Trends

Social Security (OASDI)

Cost-of-living adjustment for December 2000 3.5 percent

Average monthly benefit, December 2000

Retired workers $845

Widows and widowers, nondisabled 810

Disabled workers 786

Employment and Earnings

Workers in OASDI covered employment, 2000 152.9 million

Average earnings, 2000 $31,213

Earnings required in 2001 for—

1 quarter of coverage $830

Maximum of 4 quarters of coverage 3,320

Earnings test exempt amounts for 2001

Under age 65 for entire year $10,680 

For months before attainment of age 65 in 2001 25,000

Beginning with month of attainment of age 65 in 2001 Earnings test eliminated

Program Data

Number of beneficiaries, December 2000

Old-Age, Survivors, and Disability Insurance 45.4 million

Old-Age Insurance 31.8 million

Retired workers 28.5 million

Survivors Insurance 7.0 million

Widows and widowers, nondisabled 4.7 million

Disability Insurance 6.7 million

Disabled workers 5.0 million

Benefit payments, 2000

Old-Age, Survivors, and Disability Insurance $407.6 billion

Old-Age and Survivors Insurance 352.7 billion

Disability Insurance 55.0 billion

Administrative expenses, 2000

Old-Age and Survivors Insurance $2.1 billion

As a percent of total benefits paid 0.6 percent

Disability Insurance $1.6 billion

As a percent of total benefits paid 3.0 percent
2 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Social Security (OASDI)

Program Trends

• In December 2000, 45,414,800 persons received 

Social Security benefits, an increase of 819,200 

(1.8 percent) since December 1999, compared with 

an increase of 0.8 percent in the preceding year. This 

significant increase is related to the elimination of the 

earnings test in 2000 for persons who have reached 

the full retirement age.

• The number of retired workers increased by more 

than 700,000 in 2000 (2.6 percent), compared with 

an increase of 1.0 percent in 1999. The 28,499,000 

retired workers represented 63 percent of all beneficiaries in December 2000. Another 10 percent were 

nondisabled widows and widowers (4,700,000).

• Seventy-one percent of the 28.5 million retiredworker beneficiaries received reduced benefits 

because of retirement prior to age 65. Relatively 

more women (75 percent) than men (68 percent) 

received reduced benefits.

• The number of persons aged 65 or older receiving 

Social Security benefits rose from 31.4 million in 

1995 to 32.7 million in 2000 (4.0 percent). Beneficiaries aged 85 or older increased at a greater rate during the 5-year period (12.8 percent) from 3,576,000 

in 1995 to 4,034,000 in 2000. In 2000, 39,500 centenarians were receiving Social Security. 

• More than 19 million women aged 65 or older were 

receiving benefits in December 2000. Seven million 

(36.4 percent) were entitled solely to a retired-worker 

benefit, and another 5.5 million (28.9 percent) were 

dually entitled to a retired-worker benefit and a wife’s 

or widow’s benefit. About 6.6 million (34.7 percent) 

were receiving wife’s or widow’s benefits only.

• Almost 3 million children under age 18 were receiving benefits, including 1,346,100 children of 

deceased workers, 1,374,400 children of disabled 

workers, and 255,900 children of retired workers.

• In December 2000, 5,972,400 beneficiaries were 

receiving payments on the basis of disability—

5,042,300 disabled workers, 728,700 disabled adult 

children, and 201,400 disabled widows and widowers. In addition, 165,100 spouses and 1,409,200 

minor and student children of disabled workers were 

receiving benefits.

• The leading causes of disability for disabled workers 

were mental disorders other than mental retardation 

(27 percent), and musculoskeletal conditions (23 percent). About 11 percent had circulatory conditions 

and an additional 10 percent had diseases of the nervous system and sense organs. 

• Average monthly benefits for December 2000, 

including the 3.5 percent COLA increase, were $845 

for retired workers, $786 for disabled workers, and 

$810 for nondisabled widows and widowers. Among 

retired workers, benefits averaged $951 for men and 

$730 for women. For disabled workers, average benefits were $883 for men and $661 for women.

• Average monthly family benefits for December 2000 

were $1,502 for a widowed mother or father and children; $1,323 for a disabled worker, wife, and children; and $1,640 for a retired worker, wife, and 

children.

• Total OASDI benefit payments for calendar year 

2000 were $407.6 billion. Payments from the OASI 

trust fund were $352.7 billion—an increase of 5.5 

percent from the $334.4 billion paid in 1999.

• Benefit payments from the DI trust fund, from which 

benefits are paid to disabled workers, their spouses, 

and children, increased by 7.0 percent from $51.4 billion in 1999 to $55.0 billion in 2000.

• OASDI benefit awards in calendar year 2000 totaled 

4,290,100, including 1,960,600 to retired workers, 

456,900 to their spouses and children and 843,300 to 

survivors of insured workers. Benefits were awarded 

to 621,600 disabled workers and 407,600 of their 

spouses and children. Awards to disabled workers 

were 620,500 in 1999 and 608,100 in 1998. 
Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 3

Supplemental Security Income

Federal benefit rate change, effective January 2001

Cost-of-living adjustment 3.5 percent

Monthly amount for—

Individual living in his or her own household $531

Couple with both members eligible 796

Program Data

Total:

Benefits paid in 2000 $31.6 billion

Number of recipients, December 2000 6.7 million

Average benefit, December 2000 $385.52

Federally administered payments:

Benefits paid in 2000 $30.7 billion

Number of recipients, December 2000 6.6 million

Average benefit, December 2000 $378.82

Federal SSI payments:

Benefits paid in 2000 $27.3 billion

Number of recipients, December 2000 6.3 million

Average benefit, December 2000 $351.48

Federally administered state supplementation:

Benefits paid in 2000 $3.4 billion

Number of recipients, December 2000 1 2.5 million

Average benefit, December 2000 $112.16

State-administered supplementation:

Benefits paid in 2000 $0.9 billion

Number of recipients, December 2000 2 .7 million

Average benefit, December 2000 $110.95

1 Includes 2.2 million persons receiving federal SSI and state supplementation and 0.3 million persons receiving state 

supplementation only.

2 Includes 83,500 persons receiving state supplementation only.
4 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Supplemental Security Income

Program Trends

• In December 2000, 6,601,700 persons received 

federally administered SSI payments—45,100 more 

than the previous year. Of the total, 2,010,900 (30 percent) were aged 65 or older; 3,744,000 (57 percent) 

were blind or disabled aged 18-64; and 846,800 (13 

percent) were blind or disabled under age 18.

• The number of blind or disabled aged 18-64 rose by 

53,000 (1.4 percent) between December 1999 and 

December 2000, while the number under age 18 

remained virtually unchanged. In comparison, 

between December 1998 and December 1999, blind or 

disabled aged 18-64 increased by 1.2 percent, while 

blind or disabled under age 18 dropped by 4.5 percent. 

• During 2000, 747,200 persons were awarded federally 

administered payments, a decrease of 1.4 percent from 

the previous year. Of the 2000 awards, 483,200 went 

to blind or disabled recipients aged 18-64, 144,600 to 

those blind or disabled under age 18, and 119,400 to 

recipients aged 65 or older.

• Total SSI payments were $31.6 billion in 2000, 

up 2.0 percent from 1999. The 1999 increase over 

1998 was 2.5 percent. Federal SSI payments in 2000 

were $27.3 billion (an increase of 1.8 percent over the 

previous year). Federally administered state supplementation totaled $3.4 billion and state-administered 

supplementation $892.7 million, increasing by 2.4 percent and 4.6 percent, respectively from the previous 

year's totals.

• In 2000, the leading causes of disability among the 

blind or disabled between the ages of 18 and 64, and 

those under age 18 were mental disorders and mental 

retardation. Among disabled recipients between the 

ages of 18 and 64, 25.7 percent had mental retardation 

as the primary diagnosis, and 34.4 percent were diagnosed with another mental disorder. These conditions 

were also the most frequent diagnoses for blind or disabled under age 18.
Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 5

Health Care

Medicare

Hospital Insurance (Part A):

Total benefits paid in calendar year 2000 $128.5 billion

Supplementary Medical Insurance (Part B):

Total benefits paid in calendar year 2000 $88.9 billion

Number of enrollees in July 2000, (one or both of Parts A and B) 39.6 million

Aged 34.3 million

Disabled 5.3 million

Administrative costs, 2000:

Hospital Insurance $2.6 billion

As a percent of total benefits paid 2.1 percent

Supplementary Medical Insurance $1.8 billion

As a percent of total benefits paid 2.0 percent

Medicaid

Medical service expenditures in fiscal year 1998 $142.3 billion

Number of unduplicated recipients, fiscal year 1998 40.7 million

Average 1998 vendor payment per unduplicated recipient:

Persons aged 65 or older $10,242

Permanently and totally disabled persons 9,095

Dependent children under age 21 1,203

Average 1998 vendor payment for medical services:

Nursing facility services $19,379

Inpatient general hospital care 5,031

Prescribed drugs 699

Physician's services 327
6 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Unemployment Insurance

2000

Total payments $20.3 billion

Average—

 Weekly benefit amount (regular programs) $221

 Duration of benefits 13.7 weeks

 Weekly insured unemployment 2.1 million

Covered employment 127.9 million

Workers' Compensation

1999

Benefit payments:

Total $43.4 billion

Compensation payments 25.3 billion

Medical and hospitalization 18.0 billion

Benefits paid by—

 Private insurance carriers 23.8 billion

 State and federal funds 10.2 billion

 Employers' self-insurance 9.3 billion

Covered workers per month 123.9 million

Costs as a percent of covered payroll 1.29 percent

Temporary Disability Insurance

Programs in effect in—

California, Hawaii, New Jersey, New York, Rhode Island, Puerto Rico, and the railroad industry.

 Average weekly benefit, 1998

 State fund Private plans

California* $230 $352

New York $147 $185

*Accounts for half of the workers participating in TDI.

Black Lung

Basic benefit, miner or widow $500.50

Maximum family benefit 1,001.00

Part B (claims filed before July 1, 1973)

Number of monthly benefits to miners, widows, and dependents, 

December 2000 89,400

Average monthly benefit, December 2000 $518.60

Total benefits paid, calendar year 2000 $509.3 million

Part C (claims filed before July 1, 1973 or later)

Number of monthly benefits to miners and survivors, September 2000 51,700

Total benefits paid, fiscal year 2000

Disability and survivors benefits $350.3 million

Medical benefits 75.6 million
Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 7

Veterans' Benefits

Disability compensation or pension, 2000

Number of veterans with—

Service-connected disability 2,308,000

Non-service-connected disability 364,000

Monthly payment in 2001 for—

Service-connected disability 

10 percent disability $101

Total disability 2,107

Non-service-connected disability (maximum payment)

Without dependent 775

With one dependent and in need of aid and attendance 1,533

Temporary Assistance for Needy Families

Total payments, 1999 $22.8 billion

Average monthly number of—

Recipients 6.8 million

Families 2.6 million

Average monthly payment

Per recipient $277

Per family 742

Food Stamps

Monthly benefits, beginning Oct. 1, 2000:

Four-person household with no income $434

Standard deduction 134

Fiscal year 2000

Average number of participants 17.2 million

Total benefits $15.0 billion
8 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Low-Income Home Energy Assistance

In fiscal year 1999 the Department of Health and Human Services issued—

• $1.06 billion in block grants to the 50 states and the District of Columbia;

• $9.6 million in direct block grants to 130 Indian tribes and tribal organizations;

• $1.5 million in block grants to the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, Virgin Islands, America Samoa, Guam, and 

the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands; and

• $20.6 million in leveraging incentive awards to 33 states, 23 tribes;

• $5.6 million for Residential Emergency Assistance Challenge (REACH) program awards to 5 states; 

$681,000 to 6 Indian tribes and tribal organizations; $124,000 to 1 insular area; and $512,000 for states’ 

second and third year REACH administrative costs;

• $174.6 million in emergency contingency funds to 26 states and $699,000 to 18 Indian tribes and tribal 

organizations.

Poverty

2000 weighted average poverty thresholds:

Individual, aged 65 or older $8,259

Couple, householder aged 65 or older 10,414

Family of four 17,601

Percent of population with income below poverty level, 1999:

All ages 11.8 percent

Children under age 18 living in families 16.3 percent

Persons aged 65 or older 9.7 percent
Social Security

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 9

Social Security

 (Old-Age, Survivors, and Disability Insurance)

The Old-Age, Survivors, and Disability Insurance

(OASDI) program provides monthly benefits to qualified

retired and disabled workers and their dependents, and to

survivors of insured workers. Eligibility and benefit amounts

are determined by the worker's contributions to Social

Security. Benefits are paid as an earned right to workers,

their families and their survivors. There is no means test to

qualify for benefits. 

 During 2000, more than 45 million people received

cash benefits at a rate exceeding $34 billion each month

($408 billion annually). According to the latest Social Security Trustees Report, these cash benefits comprised just

over 4 percent of the nation's gross domestic product. During the same year, approximately 153 million employees

and self-employed workers, along with employers, contributed more than $492 billion to the OASDI trust funds—

through which contributions are credited and benefits are

paid. 

Social Security benefits are essential to the economic

well-being of millions of individuals. Social Security pays

benefits to more than 90 percent of those 65 or older. It is

the major source of income (providing 50 percent or more

of total income) for 64 percent of the beneficiaries. It contributes 90 percent or more of income for almost one-third

of the beneficiaries, and is the only source of income for 20

percent of them (see charts 1–4 at the end of this section). 

Contributions and Trust Funds

A person contributes to Social Security either through

payroll taxes or self-employment taxes under the Federal

Insurance Contribution Act (FICA) or the Self-Employed

Contribution Act (SECA). Employers match the employee

contribution, while self-employed workers pay an amount

equal to the combined employer-employee contributions.

(Self-employed workers receive a special tax deduction to

ease the impact of paying the higher rate). There is a maximum yearly amount of earnings subject to OASDI taxes,

$80,400 in 2001. There is no upper limit on taxable earnings for Medicare Hospital Insurance (HI). Employees

whose contributions exceed the maximum taxable amount

because they worked for more than one employer can

receive refunds of excess FICA payments when they file

their tax returns. 

 Taxes are allocated to the Old-Age (Retirement) and

Survivors Insurance (OASI), the Disability Insurance (DI),

and the Hospital Insurance (HI) Trust Funds. In addition to

the taxes on covered earnings, OASI and DI trust fund revenues include interest on trust fund securities, income from

taxation of OASI and DI benefits, certain technical transfers, and gifts or bequests.

 By law, the OASI and DI trust funds may only be disbursed for:

(1) Monthly benefits for workers and their families.

(2) Vocational rehabilitation services for disabled beneficiaries.

(3) Administrative costs (currently less than 1 percent

of expenditures).

(4) The lump-sum death payment to eligible survivors.

0

Revenue received from FICA payments is transferred

to the U.S. Treasury. FICA revenue in excess of outlays is

used to purchase special interest-bearing Treasury bonds.

These securities remain assets of the trust funds until

needed to cover Social Security costs. 

Provisions for Railroad 

Retirement Board Beneficiaries

The OASDI tables do not include a number of persons

receiving Railroad Retirement benefits who would be eligible for Social Security benefits had they applied. The reason they have not applied is that receipt of a Social

Security benefit would reduce their Railroad Retirement

benefit by a like amount. The number of persons is not

available, but is estimated to be less than 100,000.

The Railroad Retirement Act of 1974, effective January

1, 1975, provided that the regular annuity for employees

with 10 or more years of railroad service who retired after

December 31, 1974, will consist of two components:

• Tier 1—A basic Social Security level component

equivalent to what would be paid under the Social

Security Act on the basis of the employee's

combined railroad and nonrailroad service, reduced

by the amount of any monthly benefit under OASDI

actually paid on the basis of nonrailroad work; and

• Tier 2—A "private pension" component payable over

and above the Social Security equivalent, calculated

on the basis of the number of years of railroad

service.

Structure and Organization

The OASDI program is administered by the Social

Security Administration (SSA) which became an independent agency in 1995. The Commissioner of Social Security

serves a 6-year term following appointment by the President and confirmation by the Senate. A bipartisan Social

Security Advisory Board serves to review existing laws and

policies and commissions studies and issues recommendations intended to anticipate changing circumstances. The

President appoints three of the seven board members and

Congress appoints the other four members. 
Social Security

10 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

 The Social Security Administration is headquartered in

Baltimore, Maryland. Major headquarter components

include the National Computer Center that contains SSA's

mainframe computers that drive our systems, much of the

executive staff for policy, programs and systems as well as

field support components. SSA's field structure is divided

into 10 geographic regions containing over 1,300 field

installations in communities throughout the country. Office

sizes range from large urban offices with 50 or more

employees to remote resident stations staffed by one or

two individuals. Each region is headed by a Regional Commissioner, and staffed with specialists to handle regional

administrative tasks and to assist field offices with operational issues. In addition, there are teleservice centers servicing all regions. While physically located within the

various regions, each teleservice center manages the public's Social Security business from throughout the nation

using state of the art communications systems. Seven program service centers provide service and support for the

field offices in some aspects of Social Security's workloads.

Significant Program Changes

Program changes occur through legislation or (in areas

where authority is delegated to the Commissioner) through

regulation. Recent program changes follow: 

Change in the Consumer Price Index

Cost-of-Living Adjustment

The consumer price index (CPI), prepared by the

Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) in the Department of

Labor, provides the basis for an annual cost-of-living

adjustment (COLA) in Social Security and Supplemental

Security Income benefits. On September 28, 2000, the BLS

announced their discovery of a software error used in the

CPI calculation, affecting the calculation for months after

1998. 

 Section 308 of Public Law 106-554, enacted December 21, 2000, requires the Office of Management and Budget and federal agencies that administer benefit programs

to determine whether the CPI computation error for 1999

resulted in a shortfall in payments to beneficiaries and to

compensate beneficiaries for any such shortfall. The Social

Security Administration (SSA) determined that the December 1999 2.4 percent cost-of-living increase would have

been 2.5 percent in the absence of the 1999 CPI error. SSA

also determined that the December 2000 3.5 percent costof-living increase was not affected by the CPI error. SSA

issued one-time payments in July 2001 to compensate

beneficiaries for any shortfall in their benefits experienced

between January 2000 and July 2001. Beginning in August

2001, ongoing benefits were adjusted based on the recalculated CPI.

Elimination of Annual Earnings Test for Persons 

Reaching Full Retirement Age

Public Law 106-182, The Senior Citizen's Freedom to

Work Act of 2000, enacted April 7, 2000 eliminated the

earnings test beginning with the month a beneficiary attains

full retirement age (FRA), currently age 65. Elimination of

this earnings test is effective for taxable years ending after

December 31, 1999. 

The earnings limit that applies in the year of attainment

of FRA is based on the limits previously established for persons at FRA through age 69—$17,000 in 2000; $25,000 in

2001; and $30,000 in 2002. Benefits are withheld at the

rate of $1 for every $3 of earnings above these exempt

amounts. In determining earnings for purposes of the

annual earnings test under this legislation, only earnings

before the month of attainment of FRA will be considered.

The legislation also permits retired workers to earn delayed

retirement credits for any months between the attainment

of full retirement age and age 70 for which the worker

requests that benefits not be paid. 

Public Law 106-182 did not change the annual exempt

amount for beneficiaries who are under FRA throughout

the year, which continues to be pegged to increases in the

average wage. This amount increased from $10,080 in

2000 to $10,680 in 2001. Withholding for beneficiaries subject to this earnings test is at $1 for each $2 of earnings

over the exempt amounts.

Work Incentives Improvement Act

The Ticket to Work and Work Incentives Improvement

Act, Public Law 106-170, was enacted on December 17,

1999. This legislation provides major enhancements to

SSA's programs that assist disabled beneficiaries who

attempt to return to work. It provides beneficiaries more

choices in vocational rehabilitation services, and offers

expanded health care for beneficiaries who are no longer

eligible for cash benefits due to work. Effective October 1,

2000, the Act offers extended Medicare coverage to beneficiaries who return to work, and offers buy-in for Medicaid

coverage. 

The Ticket to Work provisions of this legislation will be

phased in over a 3-year period beginning January 1, 2001.

The provisions include demonstration projects that will

eventually apply a disability earnings test more directed

toward individuals' earnings history and circumstances of

Tables 2.F1 – 2.F11 provide administrative data: Table 

2.F2 summarizes data describing SSA's national workforce, and table 2.F3 provides a historical record of work 

years committed to SSA's overall operations. Table 2.F4

provides workload data for the Old-Age and Survivors 

Insurance programs, and table 2.F5 similarly provides 

workload data for the Disability Insurance program. 

Table 2.F7 provides data on the operation of SSA's 

teleservice centers.
Social Security

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 11

their reemployment. The Ticket to Work will emphasize and

encourage rehabilitation efforts and will reimburse private

vocational rehabilitation agencies for their services to beneficiaries attempting to return to work. Also beginning January 1, 2001, former beneficiaries may have their benefits

resumed if their work activity ends within 5 years of the

month their benefits stopped and they are still disabled. 

Regulatory Increases in Substantial Gainful 

Activity and in Trial Work Period Amounts

Effective July 1, 1999, the Social Security Administration raised from $500 to $700 the amount of monthly earnings for a nonblind disabled individual to be considered

engaging in substantial gainful activity (SGA). Effective

January 1, 2001, the top SGA level was raised to $740 per

month, with the provision that ongoing SGA levels will be

automatically adjusted annually based on increases in the

national average wage index. 

The SGA threshold is part of the definition of disability

that requires an individual to be unable to engage in substantial gainful activity to be eligible for benefits. Earnings

of more than the top SGA level will ordinarily demonstrate

that an individual is engaged in SGA. Earnings of less than

$300 per month will ordinarily demonstrate that an individual is not engaged in SGA. Earnings between $300 and the

top SGA level will require that consideration be given to circumstances related to the work activity. 

A different definition of SGA applies to blind persons

receiving Social Security disability benefits. Increases in

the SGA amount for blind individuals are pegged to

increases in the national average wage index and thus

were not affected by the 1999 or subsequent rule changes.

The level for blind individuals increased from $1,170 in

2000 to $1,240 in 2001. 

New rules also affect the trial work period (TWP). The

TWP allows disability beneficiaries to test their ability to

work for at least 9 months. During the TWP, beneficiaries

may earn any amount and still receive full benefits. The

monthly level at which earnings count toward the 9-month

TWP was raised from $200 to $530 effective January 1,

2001, with future increases pegged to the national average

wage index. After completion of nine trial work months, the

SGA level is used to determine whether earnings are substantial or not. If earnings fall below the SGA level, full benefits generally continue. If earnings are higher than the

SGA level, cash benefits are usually suspended while medical benefits continue. 

Coverage and Financing

In 2000, about 153 million persons worked in employment or self-employment covered under the OASDI program. In recent years, coverage has become nearly

universal for work performed in the United States, including

American Samoa, Guam, the Northern Mariana Islands,

Puerto Rico, and the U.S. Virgin Islands. Approximately 96

percent of the American workforce are covered by OASDI.

Workers excluded from coverage fall into five major categories:

(1) Civilian federal employees hired before January 1,

1984,

(2) Railroad workers (who are covered under the railroad retirement system, which is coordinated with

Social Security),

(3) Certain employees of state and local governments

who are covered under their employers' retirement

systems,

(4) Domestic workers and farm workers whose earnings do not meet certain minimum requirements

(workers in industry and commerce are covered

regardless of the amount of earnings), and 

(5) Persons with very low net earnings from selfemployment, generally under $400 annually.

0

0

For most employees, taxes are withheld from wages

beginning with the first dollar earned. The exceptions are

domestic employees, election workers, and agricultural

workers. In 2001, a domestic employee must earn $1,300

from any single employer in a calendar year before FICA is

withheld. Most election workers must earn $1,100 in 2001

before FICA is withheld. Most agricultural workers wages

are covered if the employer pays more than $2,500 in total

wages in a year or if the individual worker earns over $150

in a year from a single employer. 

Employees, their employers, and the self-employed

each pay taxes on earnings in covered employment and

self-employment up to an annual maximum taxable amount

for OASDI. There is no upper limit on taxable earnings for

Medicare Hospital Insurance (HI). The OASDI maximum

taxable amount—$80,400 in 2001—is updated automatically each year in relation to increases in the national average annual wage. The current FICA tax rate applicable to

both employees and employers is 6.2 percent for OASDI

(5.30 percent for OASI and 0.9 percent for DI), and 1.45

percent for HI. 

Table 2.A30 provides related historical data on disability 

program earnings guidelines, including reference to 

recent changes in thresholds for determining substantial 

gainful activity (SGA).

Table 2.A1 outlines the history of coverage provisions 

and table 2.A2 provides a history of provisions regarding noncontributory wage credits, mostly for military 

service.
Social Security

12 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

A self-employed person pays the combined employeeemployer rate of 12.4 percent for OASDI and 2.9 for HI

under the Self-Employment Contributions Act (SECA). Two

deduction provisions reduce the SECA and income tax liability of self-employed persons. The intent of these provisions is to treat the self-employed in much the same

manner as employees and employers are treated for purposes of FICA and income taxes. The first provision allows

a deduction from net earnings from self-employment equal

to the amount of net earnings before the deduction, times

one-half the SECA tax rate. The effect of this deduction is

intended to be analogous to the treatment of the FICA tax

paid by the employer, which is disregarded as remuneration to the employee for FICA and income tax purposes.

The second provision allows an income tax deduction,

equal to one-half of the amount of the SECA tax paid,

which is designed to reflect the income tax deductibility of

the employer's share of the FICA tax. 

Insured Status

To become eligible for his or her benefit and benefits

for family members or survivors, a worker must earn a minimum number of credits based on work in covered employment or self-employment. These credits are described as

quarters of coverage. In 2001, a quarter of coverage (QC)

is credited for each $830 in annual covered earnings, up to

a maximum of four QCs for the year. Earnings of $3,320 or

more in 2001 will give the worker four QCs regardless of

when the money is actually earned or paid during the year.

The amount of earnings required for a QC is adjusted automatically each year in proportion to increases in the average wage level. 

Fully Insured 

Eligibility for most types of benefits requires that the

worker be fully insured. To be fully insured a worker must

have a number of QCs at least equal to the number of calendar years elapsing between age 21 (or 1950 if later) and

the year in which he or she reaches age 62, becomes disabled, or dies—whichever occurs first. Under this requirement, workers who reach age 62 in 1991 or later need the

maximum number of 40 QCs to be fully insured. For workers who become disabled or die before age 62, the number

of QCs needed for fully insured status depends on their age

at the time the worker is disabled or dies. A minimum of 6

QCs is required regardless of age. 

Currently Insured

If a worker dies before achieving fully insured status,

benefits can still be paid to qualified survivors if the worker

was "currently insured" at the time of death. (In the case of

a young worker, survivor benefits are potentially payable to

a worker's children and to a widow(er) with children in

care.) To be currently insured, the worker must have

earned 6 QCs in the 12 quarters before death (that is, 6 of

the last 13 quarters, including the quarter in which death

occurred). 

Disability Insured

To qualify for disability benefits, a nonblind worker must

have recent work activity as well as being fully insured.

Under the test involving recent work experience, a nonblind

worker older than age 31 must have earned at least 20

QCs among the 40 calendar quarters ending with the quarter in which the disability began. Workers disabled at ages

24 through 30 must have earned QCs in one-half of the calendar quarters elapsing between age 21 and the calendar

quarter in which the disability began. Workers under age 24

need 6 QCs in the 12-quarter period ending with the quarter of disability onset. Workers who qualify for benefits

based on blindness need only be fully insured. 

International Agreements

The President is authorized to enter into international

Social Security agreements (also called "totalization"

agreements) to coordinate the U.S. Old-Age, Survivors,

and Disability Insurance (OASDI) program with comparable

programs of other countries. The United States currently

has Social Security agreements in effect with 18 countries.

Agreements with several other countries are in progress. 

See Table 2.A3 for annual amounts of maximum taxable 

earnings and contribution rates. Table 2.A4 shows 

historical annual maximum amounts of contributions by 

employees and self-employed persons.

Table 2.A5 describes income tax credits for 1984–89 

intended to cushion the impact of increases in FICA 

and SECA taxes enacted in 1983. The SECA tax credits 

were replaced, effective 1990, by the deduction provisions described above. Table 2.A6 outlines the history 

of provisions regarding appropriations from general 

revenues and interfund borrowing.

Table 2.A7 summarizes the basic provisions concerning 

insured status.

Social Security Agreements and Effective Dates

Austria ................... 1991 Korea.....................2001

Belgium ................. 1984 Luxembourg ..........1993

Canada.................. 1984 Netherlands ...........1990

Finland .................. 1992 Norway ..................1984

France ................... 1988 Portugal .................1989

Germany ............... 1979 Spain .....................1988

Greece .................. 1994 Sweden .................1987

Ireland ................... 1993 Switzerland............1980

Italy........................ 1978 United Kingdom.....1985
Social Security

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 13

International Social Security agreements have two

main purposes. First, they eliminate dual Social Security

coverage, the situation that occurs when a person from one

country works in another country and is required to pay

Social Security taxes to both countries on the same earnings. Each agreement includes rules that assign a worker's

coverage to only one country. 

The second goal of the agreement is to help fill gaps in

benefit protection for workers who have divided their

careers between the United States and another country.

Such workers may fail to qualify for Social Security benefits

from one or both countries because they have not worked

long enough to meet minimum eligibility requirements.

Under an agreement, these workers and their family members may qualify for a partial U.S. benefit based on "totalized" (that is, combined) credits from both countries.

Similarly, workers may qualify for partial benefits from the

foreign country based on totalized credits. 

 Benefit Computation and 

Automatic Adjustment Provisions

The primary insurance amount (PIA) is the monthly

benefit amount payable to the worker upon retirement at

full retirement age or upon entitlement to disability benefits.

The PIA is also the base figure from which monthly benefit

amounts payable to the worker's family members or survivors are determined. The PIA is derived from the worker's

annual taxable earnings, averaged over a period that

encompasses most of the worker's adult years. Until the

late 1970s, the average monthly wage (AMW) was the

earnings measure generally used. For worker's first eligible

for benefits after 1978, average indexed monthly earnings

(AIME) have replaced the AMW as the usually applicable

earnings measure. The PIA computation based on AIME

currently involves the following three steps: 

(1) Indexing of earnings: The worker's annual taxable

earnings after 1950 are updated, or indexed, to

reflect the general earnings level in the indexing

year—the second calendar year before the year in

which the worker is first eligible; that is, first

reaches age 62, becomes disabled, or dies. Earnings in years after the indexing year are not

indexed but instead are counted at their actual

value. A worker's earnings for a given year are

indexed by multiplying them by the following ratio

(indexing factor): The average wage in the national

economy for the indexing year, divided by the corresponding average wage figure for the year to be

indexed.

(2) Determining AIME: The period used to calculate

AIME equals the number of full calendar years

elapsing between age 21 (or 1950, if later) and the

year of first eligibility, usually excluding the lowest 5

years. Workers disabled before age 47 have

between zero and four excluded years from the

computation. At an absolute minimum, two years

are used to compute AIME. The actual years used

in the computation—the "computation years"—are

the years of highest indexed earnings after 1950,

including any years before age 22 or after age 61

as well as the year of disability or death. AIME is

calculated as the sum of indexed earnings in the

computation period, divided by the number of

months in that period. 

(3) Computing the PIA: The formula used to compute

the PIA from AIME is weighted to provide a higher

PIA-to-AIME ratio for workers with comparatively

low earnings. The formula applies declining percentage conversion rates to three AIME brackets.

For workers who reach age 62, become disabled,

or die in 2001, the formula provides a PIA equal to

the sum of:

 90 percent of the first $561 of AIME, plus 

 32 percent of the next $2,820 of AIME, plus

 15 percent of AIME over $3,381.

0 

Beginning with the first year of eligibility, the PIA is

increased by cost-of-living adjustments (COLAs).

Table 5.M1 provides data on the number of beneficiaries 

receiving totalization payments, and average benefits.

Table 2.A8 shows the indexing factors applicable to the 

earnings of workers who were first eligible in 1988–

2001. Table 2.A9 shows indexed earnings for workers 

first eligible in 1994–2001 who had maximum taxable 

earnings in each year after 1950. For a more detailed 

technical description of an AIME computation, including 

a computation worksheet, see the Technical Note "Computing a Retired-Worker Benefit."

Table 2.A10 provides a historical outline of provisions 

related to AIME and AMW, and describes variations in 

the number of dropout years. Tables 2.A15 and 2.A16

describe AMW benefit computations based on the 

worker's nonindexed earnings after 1936 and 1950, 

respectively. (Very few persons currently being awarded 

benefits have PlAs computed under these old-start or 

new-start computation methods. These methods, particularly the new-start method shown in table 2.A16, are 

more frequently applicable in earnings re-computations 

for workers who reached age 62 before 1979.)

Table 2.A11 shows the PIA formula and first applicable 

COLA for workers first eligible in 1979 or later.
Social Security

14 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

The dollar amounts defining the AIME brackets are

referred to as "bend points." These bend points (as

described in table 2.A11) are updated automatically each

year in proportion to increases in the national average

wage level. This automatic adjustment ensures that benefit

levels for successive generations of eligible workers will

keep up with rising earnings levels, thereby assuring consistent rates of earnings replacement from one generation

of beneficiaries to the next. 

The benefit formula applicable to a worker depends on

the year of eligibility (or death) rather than on the year benefits are first received. Thus the PIA of a worker retiring at

age 65 in 2001 is calculated using the benefit formula that

applies to all workers first eligible in 1998 (the "year of

attainment" of age 62). The PIA derived from that formula is

then increased by the COLAs effective for December,

1998, 1999, and 2000 to obtain the PIA effective at age 65.

Subsequent recomputations of the worker's benefit, including additional earnings not originally considered, delayed

retirement credits or additional COLA increases, all refer to

the basic computation that originally applied, based on the

year of attainment.

Beginning in 1981, benefits have been rounded to the

next lower ten cents at each step in the computation. The

final benefit payment is rounded to the next lower dollar

amount (if not already an even dollar). Prior to 1981, benefits were paid in ten-cent increments after rounding up to

the next dime in each computation step. 

A cost-of-living increase in benefits generally is established each year if the consumer price index for urban

wage earners and clerical workers (CPI-W), prepared by

the Department of Labor, indicates a percentage increase

(after rounding) of at least 0.1 percent between two specified quarters. The arithmetical mean of the CPI-W for July,

August, and September in the year of determination is

compared with the arithmetical mean of the CPI-W for the

later of (a) July, August, and September in the year in

which the last effective cost-of-living increase was established or (b) the 3 months of the calendar quarter in which

the effective month of the last general benefit increase

occurred. The percentage increase in the CPI-W, rounded

to the nearest 0.1 percent, represents the size of the

increase in benefits, effective for December of the year in

which the determination is made.

Under certain conditions, depending on the size of the

combined OASDI trust funds relative to estimated disbursements, the applicability and size of a cost-of-living adjustment may be determined under an alternative method,

called the "stabilizer provision." In no case, however, are

benefits reduced below the level of benefits in the year of

determination. Historically, this provision has never been

triggered. 

 Alternative PIA Computation Provisions

Special minimum PIA.—Workers with low earnings but

steady attachment to the workforce over most of their adult

years may qualify for monthly benefits based on the special

minimum PIA computation. This computation does not

depend on the worker's average earnings, but on the number of coverage years—years in which the worker had

earnings equal to or above a specified amount. The level of

the special minimum PIA is the same for workers having

the same number of coverage years, regardless of age or

year of first eligibility. Increases in the special minimum PIA

are linked to cost-of-living adjustments (COLAs). 

Windfall Elimination Provision PIA.—WEP affects persons who receive a pension based on noncovered work

after 1956 and Social Security benefits. First eligibility for

the noncovered pension and Social Security benefits must

be after December 31, 1985 for WEP to apply. WEP

reduces the Social Security PIA upon which SSA benefits

are based and affects all benefits paid on that record,

except survivors. The WEP reduction ceases when entitlement to the pension payment ends, the wage earner dies,

or the wage earner earns a total of 30 years of substantial

Social Security earnings. The WEP reduction amount is

never more than one-half of the noncovered pension. 

 A WEP PIA is generally based on 40 percent of the

first bend point instead of 90 percent as with the regular

PIA: 

Table 2.A18 presents a history of provisions relating 

to the automatic adjustment of benefits, including a 

description of the stabilizer provision. In addition, 

table 2.A18 includes a summary history and description 

of provisions relating to the annual automatic adjustment 

of (1) the maximum amount of taxable and creditable 

earnings, (2) the dollar amount needed to establish a 

quarter of coverage, (3) the bend points defining the 

AIME brackets in the PIA formula and the PIA brackets 

in the maximum family benefit formula, and (4) the 

exempt amounts under the earnings (retirement) test. 

All of these adjustments are linked to increases in the 

level of the national average annual wage, rather than to 

increases in the CPI. Table 2.A19 illustrates the cumulative effect of statutory and automatic increases in benefits for workers who have been in benefit status over 

varying time periods.

See table 2.A12 for additional information on the 

special minimum PIA.
Social Security

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 15

Example: A retired worker with a noncovered pension

of $2,000 a month and less than 20 years of covered

employment attains age 62 in 2001. 

If a worker has more than 20 years of substantial covered earnings, the WEP PIA begins to increase. With the

21st year of substantial covered earnings, the first bend

point percentage is increased by 5 percentage points. This

rate of increase applies for each additional year of substantial covered earnings, through the 30th year of substantial

earnings at which point WEP no longer applies. After 23

years of substantial coverage, for example, the first bend

point percentage would be 55 percent. Thirty years of substantial earnings would yield a first bend point percentage

of 90 percent (the normal percentage of the first bend

point). 

Examples of pensions subject to WEP are U.S. Civil

Service Retirement System annuities, retirement benefits

based on foreign earnings, and state and local pensions

based on noncovered earnings. 

Family maximum provisions.—Monthly benefits payable to the worker and family members or to the worker's

survivors are subject to a maximum family benefit amount.

The family maximum level for retired-worker families or survivor families usually ranges from 150 percent to 188 percent of the worker's PIA. The maximum benefit for

disabled-worker families is the smaller of 85 percent of

AIME (or 100 percent of PIA, if larger) or 150 percent of the

PIA. 

 Like the formula for determining the PIA, the maximum

family benefit formula applicable to a worker depends on

the year of first eligibility (that is, the year of attainment of

age 62, onset of disability, or death). Once the worker's

maximum family benefit amount for the year of first eligibility is determined, it is updated in line with the COLAs. 

Benefit Types and Levels

Retired and Disabled Workers

The full retirement age (FRA) is the earliest age at

which an unreduced retirement benefit is payable (sometimes referred to as the "normal retirement age"). The age

for full retirement benefits is scheduled to rise gradually

from age 65 to age 67, with the first incremental increase

affecting workers who reach age 62 in the year 2000.

Workers over age 62 who retire before FRA can receive

reduced benefits. The monthly rate of reduction from the

full retirement benefit (that is, the PIA) is 5/9 of 1 percent a

month for the first 36 months immediately preceding FRA.

The reduction rate is 5/12 of 1 percent a month for any

additional months. The maximum overall reduction for early

retirement will have risen from 20 percent to 30 percent by

2022, when age 67 becomes the full retirement age. 

If a disabled worker receives a reduced retirement benefit for months before disability entitlement, the disability

benefit is reduced by the number of months for which he or

she received the reduced benefit. 

 For workers who postpone their retirement beyond the

full retirement age, benefits are increased for each month

of nonpayment beyond that age. This increase is called a

"delayed retirement credit," and is potentially available for

any or all months following attainment of the full retirement

age (currently a maximum of 60 months for persons age

65). The annual rate of increase for delayed retirement

credits is 6-1/2 percent for workers who reach age 62 in

1999 or 2000, 7 percent in 2001 and 2002, and will eventually rise to 8 percent for workers reaching age 62 in 2005 or

later. 

Spouses and Children of Workers

Spouses receive 50 percent of the worker's PIA

(regardless of the worker's actual benefit amount), if the

spouse has attained the full retirement age at entitlement to

spousal benefits. The spouse of a retired or disabled

worker can elect monthly benefits as early as age 62.

These benefits are reduced at the rate of 25/36 of 1 percent

a month for the first 36 months immediately preceding FRA

and 5/12 of 1 percent for each additional month. 

Children of retired or disabled workers are also eligible

to receive monthly benefits. The term "child" refers to a

child under the age of 18, a child aged 18–19 attending elementary or secondary school full time, or to an adult child,

Normal PIA, based on AIME of $800:

 $561 x .90 = $504.90

 $239 x .32 = $76.48

 PIA = $581.30

WEP PIA, based on AIME of $800:

 $561 x .40 = $224.40

 $239 x .32 = $76.48

 PIA = $300.80

Table 2.A11.1 provides more detail about the WEP 

computation and contains the amounts of substantial 

earnings for years after 1990. Substantial earnings for 

earlier years are listed in table 2.A12.

For information on family maximum provisions, as 

described here, see table 2.A13 (comparison of family 

maximums to the PIAs on which they are based), and 

table 2.A14 (disability family maximums). Table 2.A17

shows the maximum family benefit amounts applicable 

in cases of first eligibility before 1979.
Social Security

16 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

aged 18 or older, who was disabled prior to age 22. In addition, young spouses (that is, those under the age of 62)

who care for a worker's entitled child may also be eligible.

For purposes of defining young spouses' benefits, the term

"child" refers to a child under age 16, or to an adult child of

the worker who was disabled prior to age 22. Children of

retired or disabled workers can receive up to 50 percent of

the worker's PIA, as can young spouses. (The benefit of a

young spouse is not reduced for age.) Monthly benefits

payable to the spouse and children of a retired or disabled

worker are limited to a family maximum amount, as discussed earlier. 

Benefits are payable to unmarried divorced spouses of

retirement age who were married at least 10 years to the

worker. A divorced spouse benefit is excluded from family

maximum provisions. Divorced spouses age 62 or older

and divorced for 2 or more years (after marriage of 10 or

more years) may be independently entitled on the record of

the ex-spouse if the ex-spouse could be entitled if he or she

applied. 

Survivors Benefits

Widows and widowers of fully insured workers are eligible for unreduced benefits at full retirement age (FRA), currently age 65. As with retired workers and spouses,

widows' and widowers' FRA will gradually increase to age

67. Widows and widowers can elect reduced monthly benefits at age 60 or, if disabled, as early as age 50. Surviving

divorced spouses can also receive benefits if married to the

worker for at least 10 years and not remarried before age

60 (age 50 if disabled). 

For survivors whose full benefit retirement age is 65,

the monthly rate of reduction for the first 60 months immediately preceding FRA is 19/40 of 1 percent of the worker's

PIA, with a maximum reduction of 28.5 percent at age 60.

For survivors whose full benefit retirement age is over 65,

the amount of reduction for each month prior to FRA is

adjusted accordingly to ensure that the maximum reduction

at age 60 remains 28.5 percent of the worker's PIA. 

Benefits for widows and widowers are increased if the

deceased worker delayed retirement beyond the FRA. In

these cases, the survivor benefits include any delayed

retirement credits the deceased worker had earned. Conversely, if the worker had elected early retirement, widows'

and widowers' benefits are limited for widows and widowers first entitled to survivor benefits at age 62 or later. For

these beneficiaries, the benefit is the higher of 82.5 percent

of the worker's PIA or the amount the worker would be

receiving if still alive. Disabled widows and widowers ages

50–60 receive the age 60 widow's rate (71.5 percent of

PIA) regardless of their age at the time of entitlement. 

Children of deceased workers and mothers and fathers

under FRA are eligible to receive monthly benefits up to 75

percent of the worker's PIA if the worker died either fully or

currently insured. Mothers and fathers must be caring for

the worker's entitled child who is either under age 16 or disabled. A dependent parent aged 62 or older is eligible for

monthly benefits equal to 82.5 percent of the worker's PIA.

Each of two dependent parents can qualify for benefits

equal to 75 percent of the deceased worker's PIA. Monthly

benefits payable to survivors are reduced to conform to the

family maximum benefit payable on the deceased worker's

account. Benefits for a surviving divorced spouse, however,

are disregarded when computing the maximum family benefit. 

Effect of Current 

Earnings on Benefits

Beneficiaries under age 65 with earnings in excess of

certain exempt amounts may have all or part of their benefits withheld as a result of the annual earnings test (AET)

provisions of the Social Security Act. For those aged 65 or

older, however, there have been recent changes to AET

provisions. Amendments in 1996 eased the impact of AET

provisions, while changes in 2000 removed the AET altogether for beneficiaries aged 65 and older. Public Law 104-

121, enacted March 29, 1996 substantially raised the

exempt amounts under the annual earnings test for persons who have reached full retirement age. These amounts

are $12,500 in 1996; $13,500 in 1997; $14,500 in 1998;

$15,500 in 1999; $17,000 in 2000; $25,000 in 2001; and

$30,000 in 2002. After 2002, the annual exempt amount

will be indexed to the growth in average wages. Benefits

are withheld at the rate of $1 in benefits for every $3 of

earnings above the age 65 exempt amount. 

Public Law 106-182, enacted April 7, 2000 eliminated

the earnings test beginning with the month a beneficiary

reaches full retirement age (FRA). The annual earnings

test that applies in the year one attains FRA is based on the

See table 2.A20 for more information on the increases 

in the full (or "normal") retirement age for workers. Table 

2.A21 describes age-related reductions for dependent 

beneficiaries, as does table 2.A22 (widows and widowers). Additionally, tables 2.A23 and 2.A24 show the history of legislation relating to special monthly benefits 

payable to certain persons born before January 2, 1900. 

Table 2.A25 summarizes the history of certain OASDI 

benefits other than monthly benefit payments. Table 

2.A26 presents illustrative monthly benefit amounts for 

selected beneficiary families, based on hypothetical 

earnings histories representing five different earnings 

levels. Table 2.A27 shows minimum and maximum 

monthly benefits payable to retired workers retiring at 

age 62 in various years beginning with 1957 (the first full 

year benefits became available at age 62). Table 2.A28

shows minimum and maximum monthly benefits payable 

to retired workers retiring at age 65 in various years 

beginning with 1940. 
Social Security

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 17

more generous annual limits established under P.L. 104-

121 (including the $1 for $3 withholding rate). In determining annual earnings for purposes of the annual earnings

test, only earnings before the month of attainment of age

65 will be counted.

Public Laws 104-121 and 106-182 did not change the

annual exempt amount for beneficiaries who are under age

65 throughout the year. This annual amount continues to

be pegged to increases in average wages. The amounts

are $10,080 in 2000, and $10,680 in 2001. When the

annual earnings limit affects working beneficiaries under

age 65, benefits are withheld at the rate of $1 for every $2

of earnings above the exempt amount. 

Individuals have the option to receive reduced benefits

under a monthly earnings test if it is to their advantage to

do so. This option is usually exercised in the first year of

retirement, as in that year the monthly test permits payment

for some months even if the annual earnings limit is greatly

exceeded. Under the monthly test, beneficiaries receive a

full monthly benefit for months in which they do not earn

over an amount equal to 1/12 of the annual earnings limit.

The monthly earnings test is applied to the self-employed

based on hours they work instead of monthly earnings.

Generally, beneficiaries are eligible for the monthly earnings test in only one year. 

Beneficiaries entitled on the basis of their own disability—disabled workers, disabled adult children, and disabled

widows and widowers—are not subject to the earnings test.

Substantial earnings by disabled beneficiaries, however,

may indicate that they are able to do work which constitutes substantial gainful activity (SGA) and are therefore no

longer disabled. Although other factors are considered,

numerical earnings thresholds are used in a determination

of SGA.

Taxation of Benefits

Up to 85 percent of Social Security benefits may be

subject to federal income tax depending on the beneficiary's income, marital status, and filing status. The definition of income for this provision is as follows: Adjusted

gross income (before Social Security or Railroad Retirement benefits are considered), plus tax-exempt interest

income, with further modification of adjusted gross income

in some cases involving certain tax provisions of limited

applicability among the beneficiary population; plus onehalf of Social Security and Tier 1 Railroad Retirement benefits. 

For married beneficiaries filing jointly with adjusted

gross income under $32,000 a year, no Social Security

benefits are subject to taxation. If adjusted gross income

exceeds $32,000 but is under $44,000, the amount of benefits included in gross income is the lesser of one-half of

income over $32,000. If a couple's adjusted gross income

exceeds $44,000, the amount of benefits included in gross

income is 85 percent of income over $44,000 plus the

lesser of $6,000 or one-half of benefits. However, no more

than 85 percent of benefits are subject to income tax. The

income thresholds for single beneficiaries are $25,000 and

$32,000. 

If members of a married couple are filing separately,

they do not have a minimum threshold if they lived together

any time during the tax year. The amount of benefits

included in gross income is the lesser of 85 percent of

Social Security or Tier 1 Railroad Retirement benefits, or 85

percent of all income as defined above. Like all matters

dealing with tax liability, taxation of Social Security benefits

fall under the jurisdiction of the Internal Revenue Service. 

Table 2.A29 provides historical detail on the retirement 

test.

Table 2.A30 provides historical thresholds for determining substantial gainful activity (SGA).

Table 2.A31 shows the history of provisions related to 

taxation of Social Security benefits. Table 2.A32 offers 

examples to illustrate when benefits are taxable, and the 

amount subject to taxation.

CONTACT: Curt Pauzenga/Joseph Bondar (410) 965-7210/0162 for further information.
Social Security

18 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Chart 1.

Income sources of aged units, 2000

0 20 40 60 80 100

Veterans' benefits

Public assistance

Earnings

Retirement 

benefits other than 

Social Security a

Asset income

Social Security

a. Includes private pensions and annuities, government employee pensions, Railroad Retirement, 

 and individual retirement account, Keogh, and 401(k) payments.

90%

59%

41%

22%

5%

4%

Income of the Aged

The following charts highlight the importance of Social Security benefits for the population aged 65 or older.

The source of the data is the March 2001 Income Supplement from the Current Population Survey conducted

by the U.S. Census Bureau. The data are presented in terms of either aged units or aged persons. An aged

unit is either a married couple living together with the husband or wife aged 65 or older, or a person 65 or 

older, who does not live with a spouse.

Percent

Chart 2.

Relative importance of Social Security income for aged units, 2000

100% of income 

(20% of beneficiaries)

90%-99% of income 

(11% of beneficiaries)

50%-89% of income 

(33% of beneficiaries)

Less than 50% of income 

(36% of beneficiaries)
Social Security

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 19

Chart 3.

Shares of aggregate income, by source, 2000

a. Includes private pensions and annuities, government employee pensions, Railroad Retirement, 

 and individual retirement account, Keogh, and 401(k) payments.

Chart 4.

Poverty status of Social Security beneficiaries, 2000

Other 

(3%)

Pensions a

 

(18%)

Asset income 

(18%)

Earnings 

(23%)

Social Security 

(38%)

0

20

40

60

80

100

Total beneficiaries Married Nonmarried White Black

Without Social Security

With Social Security

Percent

9%

48%

3%

41%

16%

56%

47%

21%

60%

7%
Social Security

20 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Chart 5.

OASDI beneficiaries, by type of benefit, December 2000

Old-Age, Survivors, and Disability Insurance

0

20

40

60

80

100

Widows, 

widowers, 

and parents

Wives and Children

husbands

Disabled 

workers

Retired 

workers

0

20

40

60

80

100

Widows, 

widowers, 

and parents

Wives and Children

husbands

Disabled 

workers

Retired 

workers

Chart 6.

OASDI benefits awarded, by type of benefit, 2000

63%

11%

7% 8% 11%

SOURCE: Table 5.A4.

46%

14%

9%

18%

13%

Percent

Percent

SOURCE: Table 6.A1.
Social Security

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 21

Chart 7.

OASDI beneficiaries, by age, December 2000

Chart 8.

Average monthly OASDI benefit for retired and disabled workers, 

by sex, December 2000

SOURCE: Table 5.J5.

SOURCE: Tables 5.B8 and 5.E2.

0

20

40

60

80

100

Under 18 18-54 55-64 65-74 75-84 85 or older

Percent

Age

0

$200

$400

$600

$800

$1,000

Men Women

Disabled workers

Men Women

Retired workers

7% 9% 13%

37%

26%

9%

$845

$730

$786

$883

$661

$1,200

Total Total

$951
Supplemental Security Income

22 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Supplemental Security Income

The Supplemental Security Income (SSI) program provides income support to persons aged 65 or older, blind or

disabled adults, and blind or disabled children. Eligibility

requirements and federal payment standards are nationally

uniform. The 2001 federal SSI benefit rate for an individual

living in his or her own household and with no countable

income is $531 monthly; for a couple (with both husband

and wife eligible), the SSI benefit rate is $796 monthly.

Payments under SSI began in January 1974. It

replaced the former federal-state adult assistance programs in the 50 states and the District of Columbia. Residents of the Northern Mariana Islands became eligible for

SSI in January 1998.

Under the SSI program, each eligible person is provided a monthly cash payment based on a statutory federal

benefit rate. Since 1975, these rates have been increased

by the same percentage as the cost-of-living increases in

OASDI benefits. If an individual or couple is living in

another person's household and is receiving both food and

shelter from the person in whose household they are living,

the federal benefit rate is reduced by one-third. This is

done instead of determining the actual dollar value of the

in-kind support and maintenance.

For institutionalized persons, the eligibility requirements and payment standards depend on the type of institution. With some exceptions, inmates of public institutions

are ineligible for SSI. For persons institutionalized for a

complete calendar month, a maximum federal SSI payment

of $30 per month applies where (1) the institution receives

a substantial part of the cost of the person's care from the

Medicaid program, or (2) recipients' under age 18 have private health insurance making payments to the institution.

Other eligible persons in institutions may receive up to the

full federal benefit rate.

The federal payment is based on the individual's countable income. The first $20 monthly in OASDI benefits or

other earned or unearned income is not counted. Also

excluded is $65 monthly of earnings plus one-half of any

earnings above $65. For example, a person living in his or

her own household, whose sole income is a $200 monthly

OASDI benefit, would receive $351 in federal SSI payments:

 $531 - ($200 - $20) = ($531 -$180) = $351. 0

A person whose income consists of $500 in gross

monthly earnings would receive $323.50 in federal SSI

payments:

 $531 - (($500 - $85) / 2 = $207.50 countable earnings.

Federal benefit rate $531 - $207.50 = $323.50 federal

SSI. 0

Individuals generally are not eligible for SSI if they

have resources in excess of $2,000 (or $3,000 for a couple). Certain resources are excluded, most commonly a

home, an automobile used for essential transportation, and

household goods and personal insurance of reasonable

value, burial plots and spaces, and life insurance. States

have the option to supplement the federal SSI payment for

all or selected categories of persons, regardless of previous state program eligibility. Initially, states were required to

supplement to assure that recipients did not suffer a loss in

total income from the former state programs. Most of these

"converted" cases have now left the rolls.
Supplemental Security Income

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 23

Chart 1.

Percentage distribution of recipients of federally administered SSI payments, 

by age, December 2000

Age 65 or Older

(2,010,880)

30%

Age 18-64

(3,744,022)

57%

Under age 18

(846,784)

13%

SOURCE: Table 7.A1.

Federally administered 

state supplementation

($3.4 billion)

11%

State-administered 

state supplementation

($0.9 billion)

3%

Federal SSI

($27.3 billion)

86%

SOURCE: Table 7.A4.

Chart 2.

Amount of SSI payments, by source of payments, 2000
Supplemental Security Income

24 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Chart 3.

Number and age of SSI recipients with federally administered payments, 1974-2000

SOURCE: Table 7.A9.

0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5

4.0

65 or older

18-64

Under 18

1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000

Numbers in millions

Chart 3.

Number and age of SSI recipients with federally administered payments, 1974-2000

SOURCE: Table 7.A9.

0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5

4.0

65 or older

18-64

Under 18

1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000

Numbers in millions
SSI: History of Provisions

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 25

SSI: History Of Provisions

Act

Basic Eligibility Requirements

1972

Public Law 92-603, 

enacted October 30

An individual may qualify for payments on the basis of age, blindness, or disability.

Aged: Any person aged 65 or older.

Blind: Any person with 20/200 or less vision in the better eye with the use of correcting 

lenses, or with tunnel vision of 20 degrees or less. An individual transferred from a state Aid 

to the Blind (AB) program is eligible if he/she received such state aid in December 1973 and 

continues to meet the October 1972 state definition of blindness.

Disabled: Any person unable to engage in any substantial gainful activity by reason of any 

medically determinable physical or mental impairment expected to result in death or that has 

lasted or can be expected to last for a continuous period of at least 12 months. For a child 

under age 18, eligibility is based on disability of severity comparable with that of an adult. An 

individual transferred from a state Aid to the Permanently and Totally Disabled (APTD) program to SSI is also eligible if he/she received such state aid in December 1973 and continues to meet the October 1972 state definition of disability.

1973

Public Law 93-233, 

enacted December 31

Only persons who had received APTD before July 1973 and were on the rolls in 

December 1973 may receive SSI on the basis of the state definition of disability; those who 

became eligible for state aid from July to December 1973 must meet the federal definition of 

disability.

1980

Public Law 96-265, 

enacted June 9

A disabled recipient who loses federal SSI eligibility because of earnings at the substantial 

gainful activity level may continue to receive a special benefit under section 1619 and retain 

eligibility for Medicaid under title XIX of the Social Security Act. This special benefit status 

may continue as long as the recipient has the disabling impairment and meets all nondisability SSI eligibility criteria. States have the option of supplementing this special benefit.

This provision of the law was in effect from January 1, 1981, through December 31, 1983. 

Beginning in January 1984, under a 1-year demonstration project, this provision was continued for persons already eligible for either regular SSI payments or special monthly benefits.

1984

Public Law 98-460, 

enacted October 9 

The special benefit and Medicaid provisions of the 1980 legislation were extended through 

June 30, 1987 (retroactive to January 1, 1984).

1986

Public Law 99-643, 

enacted November 10

The special benefit and Medicaid provisions of the 1980 amendments are made permanent. 

The provisions were amended effective July 1, 1987, with significant modifications to simplify 

administration and to allow free movement between regular SSI disability payments and 

either the special cash benefit or Medicaid eligibility under section 1619. The distinction 

between a disabled person eligible for regular SSI payments and one eligible for 1619(a) is 

that the latter has several months with gross earnings above the SGA level. Previously, section 1619(a) status required completion of a trial work period and the determination that the 

work was SGA.

1996

Public Law 104-193, 

enacted August 22

For individuals under age 18, the “comparable severity” standard is eliminated and replaced 

with a requirement that a child be considered disabled if he/she has a medically determin-
SSI: History of Provisions

26 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

able impairment that results in “marked and severe functional limitations,” and meets the 

existing statutory duration requirement. The law also eliminates references to “maladaptive 

behaviors” in the Listing of Impairments for children, and discontinues the use of individualized functional assessments for children.

SSI eligibility is prohibited for an individual in any month during which such an individual is a 

fugitive felon, fleeing prosecution, or violating state or federal conditions of probation or 

parole. In addition, SSI eligibility is prohibited for 10 years for those convicted of fraudulently 

claiming residence to obtain benefits simultaneously in two or more states.1

Other Eligibility Provisions

Citizenship and Residence

1972

Public Law 92-603, 

enacted October 30

The individual must reside within one of the 50 states or the District of Columbia and be a citizen or an alien lawfully admitted for permanent residence or permanently residing in the 

United States under color of law. Persons living outside the United States for an entire calendar month lose their eligibility for such a month.

1976

Public Law 94-241, 

enacted March 24

Eligibility for SSI is extended to residents of the Northern Mariana Islands, effective January 

9, 1978.

1980

Public Law 96-265, 

enacted June 9

The income and resources of the immigration sponsors of aliens applying for SSI are considered in determining eligibility for and the amount of payment. After allowances for the needs 

of the sponsor and his/her family, the remainder is deemed available for the support of the 

alien applicant for a 3-year period after admission to the United States for permanent residence. This provision does not apply to those who become blind or disabled after admission, 

to refugees, or to persons granted political asylum. (See “Deeming of Income and 

Resources” on page 30. for subsequent changes to sponsor-to-alien deeming provisions.)

1989

Public Law 101-239, 

enacted December 19

SSI eligibility is continued for a disabled or blind child who was receiving SSI benefits while 

living in the United States and is now living with a parent who is a member of the U.S. Armed 

Forces assigned to permanent duty ashore outside the United States, but not where the parent is stationed in Puerto Rico or the territories and possessions of the United States.

1993

Public Law 103-66, 

enacted August 10

Above provision made applicable where the parent is a member of the U.S. Armed Forces 

and stationed in Puerto Rico or the territories and possessions of the United States.

1996

Public Law 104-193, 

enacted August 22

Prohibits SSI eligibility for anyone who is not a U.S. citizen or national unless they are in a 

“qualified alien” category and meet one of certain exceptions such as lawful permanent residents who earn or can be credited with 40 qualifying quarters of earnings, certain refugee 

type categories eligible for up to 5 years of time limited eligibility, or active duty U.S. military 

or veterans and their spouses and children. Extends eligibility for aliens receiving SSI as of 

August 22, 1996 (the enactment date of the law) for 1 year after the enactment date for those 

aliens found ineligible under the new standards.

1 This last provision was repealed in 1999 by Public Law 106-169 and replaced with a provision providing for 

nonpayment of benefits for up to 24 months for making false or misleading statements regarding material 

facts.
SSI: History of Provisions

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 27

Public Law 104-208, 

enacted September 30

Amends Public Law 104-193 to add to the list of “qualified aliens” certain noncitizens (and 

their children) who have been battered or subjected to extreme cruelty by a spouse or parent 

or a member of the spouse’s or parent’s family living in the same household.

1997

Public Law 105-18, 

enacted June 12

Extends eligibility for aliens receiving SSI as of August 22, 1996, until September 30, 1997, 

for those found ineligible under the new alien standards of Public Law 104-193.

Public Law 105-33, 

enacted August 5

Further amends Public Law 104-193 to add Cuban and Haitian entrants, and the child of a 

parent who has been battered or subjected to extreme cruelty, to the list of qualified aliens. 

Provides that Cuban and Haitian entrants and Amerasian immigrants qualify for time limited 

eligibility, and increases the time limit from 5 to 7 years for all categories. Additional exceptions are added for qualified aliens: (1) lawfully residing in the United States and receiving 

SSI benefits on August 22, 1996; and (2) lawfully residing in the United States on August 22, 

1996 and meeting the definition of blind or disabled in the Social Security Act.

Certain noncitizen American Indians are excepted from the alien nonpayment provisions of 

Public Law 104-193.

Extends eligibility for “nonqualified aliens” receiving SSI as of August 22, 1996, until September 30, 1998.

1998

Public Law 105-306, 

enacted October 28

Permanently extends eligibility of all remaining “nonqualified aliens” who were receiving 

SSI benefits when Public Law 104-193 was enacted on August 22, 1996.

2000

Public Law 106-386, 

enacted October 28

Noncitizens, regardless of their immigration status, may be eligible for SSI as refugees, if 

they are determined to be victims of “severe forms of trafficking in persons.”

Other Benefits

1980

Public Law 96-272, 

enacted June 17

SSI applicants and recipients are not required as a condition of eligibility to elect to receive 

Veterans Administration pensions under the Veterans and Survivors’ Pension Improvement 

Act of 1978 if the state of residence lacks a medically needy program under title XIX.

Drug Addiction and Alcoholism (DA&A)

1972

Public Law 92-603, 

enacted October 30

Any disabled individual who has been medically determined to be an alcoholic or drug addict 

must accept appropriate treatment, if available, in an approved facility and demonstrate compliance with conditions and requirements for treatment.

SSI payments are required to be made through a representative payee—another person or 

public or private agency designated by SSA to manage the recipient’s benefit on his/her 

behalf.

1994

Public Law 103-296, 

enacted August 15

Any individual who is receiving SSI based on a disability where drug addiction or alcoholism 

is a contributing factor material to the finding of disability must comply with the DA&A treatment requirements. The individual must accept appropriate treatment when it is available 

and comply with the conditions and terms of treatment. Instances of noncompliance with the 

requirements result in progressively longer payment suspensions. Before payments can 

resume, the individual must demonstrate compliance for specific periods; 2 months, 3 

months, and 6 months, respectively, for the first, second, third and subsequent instances of 

noncompliance. An individual who is not in compliance with the DA&A treatment requirements for 12 consecutive months shall not be eligible for payments; however, this does not 

prevent such individuals from reapplying and again becoming eligible for payments.
SSI: History of Provisions

28 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

SSI disability payments based on DA&A are also limited to a total of 36 benefit months 

(beginning March 1995) regardless of whether appropriate treatment is available. Months for 

which benefits are not due and received do not count towards the 36-month limit.

Payments based on DA&A must be made to a representative payee. Preference is required 

to be given to community based nonprofit social service agencies and federal, state, or local 

government agencies in representative payee selection. These agencies when serving as 

payees for individuals receiving payments based on DA&A may retain the lesser of 10 percent of the monthly benefit or $56 (indexed to the consumer price index (CPI)) as compensation for their services.

Establishment of one or more referral and monitoring agencies for each state is required.

1996

Public Law 104-121, 

enacted March 29

An individual is not considered disabled if DA&A is a contributing factor material to a finding 

of disability.

Applies DA&A representative payee requirements enacted under Public Law 103-296 to disabled SSI recipients who have a DA&A condition and are incapable of managing their benefits. In addition, these recipients shall be referred to the appropriate state agency 

administering the state plan for substance abuse treatment.

Institutionalization

1972

Public Law 92-603, 

enacted October 30

An individual who is an inmate of a public institution is ineligible for SSI payments unless the 

institution is a facility approved for Medicaid payments and is receiving such payments on 

behalf of the person. Under regulations, the Medicaid payment must represent more than 50 

percent of the cost of services provided by the facility to the individual.

1976

Public Law 94-566, 

enacted October 20

An inmate of a publicly operated community residence serving no more than 16 persons 

may, if otherwise eligible, receive SSI.

1983

Public Law 98-21, 

enacted April 20

Payments may be made to persons who are residents of public emergency shelters for the 

homeless for a period of up to 3 months in any 12-month period.

1986

Public Law 99-643, 

enacted November 10

Effective July 1, 1987, disabled or blind recipients who were receiving special SSI payments 

or had special SSI recipient status under section 1619 in the month preceding the first full 

month of institutionalization, may receive payments based on the full federal benefit rate for 

the initial 2 full months of institutionalization, if they reside in certain public medical, psychiatric or Medicaid facilities, or in private Medicaid facilities.

1987

Public Law 100-203, 

enacted December 22

Effective January 1, 1988, payments may be made to persons who are residents of public 

emergency shelters for the homeless, for up to 6 months in a 9-month period.

Effective July 1, 1988, continued payment of SSI benefits for up to 3 months is permitted, at 

the rate that was applicable in the month prior to the first full month of institutionalization, for 

individuals whose expected institutional stay on admission is not likely to exceed 3 months, 

as certified by a physician, and for whom the receipt of benefits is necessary to maintain living arrangements to which they may return.

1996

Public Law 104-193, 

enacted August 22

Effective December 1996, institutionalized children under age 18 whose private health insurance is making payments to the institution may receive no more than $30 per month in federal SSI.
SSI: History of Provisions

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 29

Vocational Rehabilitation and Treatment

1972

Public Law 92-603, 

enacted October 30

Blind or disabled individuals receiving federal SSI benefits who are under age 65, must be 

referred to the state agency providing services under the Vocational Rehabilitation Act and 

must accept the services offered. States are reimbursed for the cost of services.

1976

Public Law 94-566, 

enacted October 20

Blind or disabled children under age 16 must be referred to the state agency administering 

crippled children’s services or to another agency designated by the state. States are reimbursed for the cost of services.

Of funds provided for these services, at least 90 percent must be used for children under age 

6 or for those who have never attended public schools.

1980

Public Law 96-265, 

enacted June 9

Disabled SSI recipients who medically recover while enrolled in approved vocational rehabilitation programs of state VR agencies, may continue to receive benefits during their participation in such programs if the Commissioner of Social Security determines that continuation 

in the program will increase the probability that they leave the rolls permanently.

1981

Public Law 97-35, 

enacted August 13

Funding no longer provided under title XVI for medical, social, developmental and rehabilitative services to disabled or blind children.

Reimbursement for the cost of rehabilitation services will be made if the services result in the 

recipient’s return to work.

1984

Public Law 98-460, 

enacted October 9

Authorizes the reimbursement of states for the cost of VR services provided to individuals 

who (1) continue to receive benefits after medical recovery because they are participating in 

a state VR program or (2) refuse, without good cause, to continue in or cooperate with the 

VR program in which they had been participating.

1987

Public Law 100-203, 

enacted December 22

Provision for continuation of payments to SSI recipients who have medically recovered while 

enrolled in an approved vocational rehabilitation program extended to blind SSI recipients.

1990

Public Law 101-508, 

enacted November 5

Reimbursement authorized for the cost of vocational rehabilitation services provided in 

months in which the individual was not receiving federal SSI payments, if:

 • SSI recipient status for Medicaid eligibility purposes was retained under work incentive

provisions, or 

 • Benefits were in suspense2 status (for a reason other than cessation of disability or

blindness), or

 • Federally administered state supplementation was received.

Extends the provision providing for benefit continuation to SSI recipients who medically 

recover while participating in a state VR program to include SSI recipients participating in a 

non-state VR program.

2 Recipients who have lost eligibility for SSI benefits for fewer than 13 consecutive months are in suspended 

payment status.
SSI: History of Provisions

30 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

1999

Public Law 106-170, 

enacted December 17

Establishes a program which will provide SSI (and OASDI) disability beneficiaries with a 

ticket that can be used to obtain vocational rehabilitation services, employment services, or 

other support services, from an employment network of their choice.

Continuing Disability Reviews and Eligibility Redeterminations

1994

Public Law 103-296, 

enacted August 15

During each of fiscal years 1996, 1997, and 1998, requires SSA to conduct continuing disability reviews (CDRs) on a minimum of 100,000 SSI recipients. In addition, during the same 

period, requires SSA to redetermine the SSI eligibility of at least one-third of all childhood 

SSI recipients who reach age 18 after April 1995 during the 1-year period following attainment of age 18. Redeterminations for persons turning age 18 could count toward the 

100,000 CDR requirement.

1996

Public Law 104-193, 

enacted August 22

Repeals the requirement that SSA redetermine the eligibility of at least one-third of all childhood SSI recipients who reach age 18 after April 1995 during the 1-year period following 

attainment of age 18.

Requires a CDR:

 • At least once every 3 years for SSI recipients under age 18 who are eligible by reason

of an impairment which is likely to improve, and

 • Not later than 12 months after birth for recipients whose low birth weight is a contributing factor material to the determination of their disability.

Requires eligibility redetermination for all childhood SSI recipients eligible for the month 

before the month in which they attain age 18.

Requires redetermination of eligibility for children considered disabled based on an individual functional assessment and/or consideration of maladaptive behavior.

Requires the representative payee of a childhood disability recipient whose continuing eligibility is being reviewed to present evidence that the recipient is receiving treatment which is 

considered medically necessary and available for the condition which was the basis for providing SSI benefits.

1997

Public Law 105-33, 

enacted August 5

Modifies provision of Public Law 104-193 to extend from 12 to 18 months the period for redetermining the disability of children under age 18 under the new childhood disability standard.

Modifies provision of Public Law 104-193 to permit SSA to schedule a CDR for a disabled 

child for whom low birth weight is a contributing factor material to the determination of disability, at a date after the child’s first birthday if the Commissioner determines the impairment 

is not expected to improve within 12 months of the child’s birth.

Modifies provision of Public Law 104-193 to provide SSA the authority to make redeterminations of disabled childhood recipients who attain age 18, more than 1 year after the date 

such recipient attains age 18.

1999

Public Law 106-170, 

enacted December 17

Prohibits the initiation of a CDR during the period that a recipient is using a “ticket” to work.

Deeming of Income and Resources

1972

Public Law 92-603, 

enacted October 30

Deeming occurs when the income and resources of certain family members living in the 

same household with the SSI recipient are considered in determining the amount of the SSI 
SSI: History of Provisions

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 31

payment. These family members are the ineligible spouse of an adult recipient and the ineligible parents of a child recipient under age 21.

After deduction of personal allocations for the spouse (or parents) and for ineligible children 

in the home, and after application of income exclusions, any remaining income of the spouse 

(or parents) is added to the income of the eligible person.

1980

Public Law 96-265, 

enacted June 9

Children aged 18 or older are not subject to parental deeming.

Sponsor’s income and resources deemed to an alien for 3 years.

1989

Public Law 101-239, 

enacted December 19

Disabled children receiving home care services under state Medicaid programs, who are 

ineligible for SSI because of deeming of parental income, and who received SSI benefits limited to $30 while in a medical treatment facility may receive the $30 monthly allowance that 

would be payable if the recipient were institutionalized.

1993

Public Law 103-152, 

enacted November 24

Sponsor-to-alien deeming period extended from 3 years to 5 years, effective 

January 1, 1994, through September 30, 1996.

Considers an ineligible spouse or parent who is absent from the household due to active military service to be a member of the household for deeming purposes.

1996

Public Law 104-193, 

enacted August 22

Deeming of income and resources from an immigration sponsor to a noncitizen continues 

until citizenship, with exceptions for those who earn, or can be credited with, 40 qualifying 

quarters of earnings. Effective for those whose sponsor signs a new legally enforceable affidavit of support.

Public Law 104-208, 

enacted September 30

Amends Public Law 104-193 to add two exceptions to the sponsor-to-alien deeming:

 • Provides that if the noncitizen is indigent and would be unable to obtain food and shelter without SSI benefits even after receiving support from the sponsor, then only the

amount of income and resources actually provided by the sponsor will be counted for a

12-month period after a determination of indigence; and

 • Provides that in certain cases, deeming would not apply for a 12-month period (with

some options for extension) if the noncitizen (or his/her children) has been battered, or

subjected to extreme cruelty by family members.

1997

Public Law 105-33, 

enacted August 5

Amends Public Law 104-208 to add an additional exception to sponsor-to-alien deeming 

when the parent of a noncitizen has been battered or subjected to extreme cruelty by family 

members.

Federal Benefit Payments

Federal Benefit Rates

Basic benefit standards are used in computing the amount of federal SSI payments. Benefit 

levels differ for individuals and couples living in households and for persons in Medicaid institutions. Individuals or couples living in their own households receive the full federal benefit. If 

an individual or couple is living in another person’s household and receiving support and 

maintenance there, the federal benefit is reduced by one-third. The federal benefit rates for 

persons in households are increased annually to reflect increases in the cost of living. Legislation affecting the level of federal benefit rates since the inception of the SSI program are 

summarized in table 2.B1.
SSI: History of Provisions

32 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Windfall Offset

1980

Public Law 96-265, 

enacted June 9

Offset (by reduction of retroactive Social Security benefits) to prevent persons whose initial 

OASDI payment is retroactive from receiving more in total benefits for the same period than 

if they were paid the benefits when regularly due.

1984

Public Law 98-617, 

enacted November 8

Offset provision expanded to allow for reduction of retroactive SSI benefits and to apply in 

cases of OASDI benefit reinstatement.

Proration of Benefit

1982

Public Law 97-248, 

enacted September 3

Benefit for first month of eligibility to be prorated by the number of days in the month for 

which an application has been filed and there is eligibility.

1996

Public Law 104-193, 

enacted August 22

Changes the effective date of an SSI application to the first day of the month following the 

date on which the application was filed or on which the individual first becomes eligible, 

whichever is later. This, in effect, eliminates prorated payments in initial claims.

Retrospective Monthly Accounting

1981

Public Law 97-35, 

enacted August 13

Changes the method of computing the SSI benefit to one under which the benefit amount is 

computed on a monthly basis and is based on income and other characteristics in the previous (or second previous) month.

1984

Public Law 98-369, 

enacted July 18

Changes the method of computing the SSI benefit to persons receiving title II payments. The 

effect of the increased title II income at the time of the cost-of-living increase is not delayed 

as it otherwise would be.

1987

Public Law 100-203, 

enacted December 22

Provides an exception to retrospective monthly accounting so that amounts received under 

Aid to Families With Dependent Children (AFDC), foster care, refugee cash assistance, 

Cuban-Haitian entrant assistance, or general and child welfare assistance provided by the 

Bureau of Indian Affairs are counted only in the month received.

1993

Public Law 103-66, 

enacted August 10

Changes the method of computing the SSI benefit to persons receiving the value of the 

one-third reduction. The effect of the increased value at the time of the cost-of-living increase 

is not delayed as it otherwise would be. Effective January 1995.

Uncashed Checks

1981

Public Law 97-35, 

enacted August 13

States that have federally administered supplements to be credited their share of SSI checks 

that remain unnegotiated for 180 days.

1987

Public Law 100-86, 

enacted August 10

SSI checks now unnegotiable after 1 year. States are credited their share of SSI checks after 

1 year rather than 180 days.

Rounding of Payment Amounts

1982

Public Law 97-248, 

enacted September 3

Cost-of-living adjustments in the federal SSI benefit and income eligibility levels are to be 

rounded to the next lower whole dollar, after the adjustment is calculated. Subsequent costof-living adjustments will be calculated on the previous year’s benefit standard before rounding.
SSI: History of Provisions

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 33

Penalties Resulting in Nonpayment of Benefits

1999

Public Law 106-169, 

enacted December 14

Provides a penalty under the SSI program for the disposal of resources at less than fair market value. The penalty is a loss of benefits for up to 36 months. A formula is provided to 

determine the number of months.

Provides for the nonpayment of OASDI and SSI benefits (6, 12 and 24 months, respectively, 

for the first, second, and third or subsequent violations) for individuals found to have made a 

statement or representation of material fact for use in determining eligibility for benefits that 

the individual knew, or should have known, was false or misleading or omitted a material 

fact.

Exclusions from Income

General Exclusions

1972

Public Law 92-603, 

enacted October 30

The first $60 of earned or unearned income per calendar quarter for an individual or couple; 

the next $195 and one-half the remainder of quarterly earned income. Unearned income 

includes Social Security benefits, other government or private pensions, veterans’ benefits, 

and workers’ compensation.

1981

Public Law 97-35, 

enacted August 13

The first $20 of earned or unearned income per month for an individual or couple; the next 

$65 and one-half the remainder of monthly earned income. Unearned income includes 

Social Security benefits, other government or private pensions, veterans’ benefits, and workers’ compensation.

2000

Public Law 106-554, 

enacted December 21

Earnings of persons defined as Social Security statutory employees are treated as selfemployment income for SSI purposes.

Special Exclusions

1972

Public Law 92-603, 

enacted October 30

Any amount of tax rebate issued to an individual by any public agency that is based on either 

real property or food purchase taxes.

Grants, scholarships, and fellowships used to pay tuition and fees at an educational institution.

Income required for achieving an approved self-support plan for blind or disabled persons.

Work expenses of blind persons.

For blind persons transferred from state programs to SSI, income exclusions equal to the 

maximum amount permitted as of October 1972 under the state programs.

Irregularly or infrequently received income totaling $60 or less of unearned income and $30 

of earned income in a calendar quarter.

Payment for foster care of ineligible child residing in recipient’s home through placement by 

a public or private nonprofit child care agency.

One-third of any payment received from an absent parent for the support of a child eligible 

for SSI.

Certain earnings of a blind or disabled child under age 22 regularly attending an educational 

institution.

State or local government cash payments based on need and designed to supplement SSI 

payments.
SSI: History of Provisions

34 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

1976

Public Law 94-331, 

enacted June 30

Disaster assistance from income for 9 months and application of one-third reduction for 

6 months for certain victims of disasters.

Public Law 94-566, 

enacted October 20

Any assistance based on need (including vendor payments) made to or on behalf of SSI 

recipients, which is paid and wholly funded by state or local governments.

The value of assistance provided under certain federal housing programs.

1977

Public Law 95-113, 

enacted September 29

Food stamps, federally donated food, and the value of free or reduced price food for women 

and children under the Child Nutrition Act and National School Lunch Act.

Public Law 95-171, 

enacted November 12

Provisions for exclusions for support and maintenance under the Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act of 1974 extended on a permanent basis. Effective January 1, 1978.

1980

Public Law 96-222, 

enacted April 1

Earned income tax credit treated as earned income (temporarily excluded from 1975 through 

1980).

Public Law 96-265, 

enacted June 9

Remunerations received in sheltered workshops and work activity centers are considered 

earned income and qualify for earned income exclusions.

Impairment-related work expenses paid by the individual (including cost for attendant care, 

medical equipment, drugs, and services necessary to control an impairment) are deducted 

from earnings when determining if an individual is engaging in substantial gainful activity. 

Impairment-related work expenses are excluded in calculating income for benefit purposes if 

initial eligibility for benefits exists on the basis of countable income without applying this 

exclusion.

1981

Public Law 97-35, 

enacted August 13

Modifies provision under which irregularly or infrequently received income is excluded to 

conform to change from quarterly to monthly accounting; amounts excludable: $20 or less of 

unearned income and $10 of earned income in a month.

1982

Public Law 97-377, 

enacted December 21

From December 18, 1982, to September 30, 1983, certain home energy assistance payments are excluded if a state agency certified that they are based on need.

1983

Public Law 97-424, 

enacted January 6

Support or maintenance assistance (including home energy assistance) provided in kind by 

a nonprofit organization or in cash or in kind by certain providers of home energy is excluded 

if the state determines that the assistance is based on need. Provision is applicable through 

September 1984.

Certain home energy assistance payments are excluded if a state agency certified that the 

assistance is based on need. Provision is applicable through June 1985.

1984

Public Law 98-369, 

enacted July 18

The 1983 provisions for support and maintenance and home energy assistance continue to 

October 1, 1987.

1986

Public Law 99-498, 

enacted October 17

Educational assistance used for educational expenses under the Higher Education Act of 

1965 as amended.

1987

Public Law 100-203, 

enacted December 22

The 1983 provisions for support and maintenance and home energy assistance made permanent.
SSI: History of Provisions

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 35

Death payments (for example, proceeds from life insurance) from SSI income determinations to the extent they were spent on last illness and burial.

Modifies the 1982 resource exclusion for burial funds to extend the exclusion to any burial 

fund of $1,500 or less maintained separately from all other assets, thereby allowing the interest on the funds to be excluded from income if retained in the fund.

1988

Public Law 100-383, 

enacted August 10

Restitution payments made to Japanese internees and relocated Aleutians.

1989

Public Law 101-239, 

enacted December 19

Interest on agreements representing the purchase of an excluded burial space.

Payments from the Agent Orange Settlement.

Value of a ticket for domestic travel received as a gift and not cashed.

1990

Public Law 101-508, 

enacted November 5

Earned income tax credit (including the child health insurance portion).

Payments received from a state-administered fund established to aid victims of crime.

Impairment-related work expenses excluded from income in determining initial eligibility for 

benefits.

Payments received as state or local government relocation assistance.

Payments received under the Radiation Exposure Compensation Act.

Redefines as earned income, royalties earned in connection with any publication of the individual’s work, and honoraria received for services rendered (previously defined as unearned 

income).

1993

Public Law 103-66, 

enacted August 10

Hostile fire pay to members of the uniformed services.

Payments received as state or local government relocation assistance made permanent.

1994

Public Law 103-286, 

enacted August 1

Payments to victims of Nazi persecution.

1998

Public Law 105-285, 

enacted October 27

Funds made available to an SSI recipient by a state or local government or a nonprofit organization as part of the Individual Development Account demonstration project.

Public Law 105-306, 

enacted October 28

In-kind gifts to children with life-threatening conditions by tax-exempt organizations not converted to cash.

The first $2,000 annually of cash gifts by tax-exempt organizations to, or for the benefit of, 

individuals under age 18 with life-threatening conditions.

Public Law 105-369, 

enacted November 12

Payments made under the Ricky Ray Hemophilia Relief Fund Act of 1998.

2000

Public Law 106-554, 

enacted December 21

Interest on funds deposited in an Individual Development Account.

Any adjustments made to prior payments from other federal programs to account for the 

error in the computation of the consumer price index during 1999.
SSI: History of Provisions

36 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Limits and Exclusions from Resources

1972

Public Law 92-603, 

enacted October 30

Countable resources limited to $1,500 or less for an individual and to $2,250 or less for a 

couple.

1984

Public Law 98-369, 

enacted July 18

Limit on countable resources raised by $100 a year for individuals and $150 a year for couples, beginning in calendar year 1985 through 1989. The respective limits would become 

$2,000 for an individual and $3,000 for a couple in 1989 and thereafter.

1999

Public Law 106-169, 

enacted December 14

Includes generally in the countable resources of an individual the assets of a trust which 

could be used for the benefit of the individual or spouse.

General Exclusions

1972

Public Law 92-603, 

enacted October 30

A home of reasonable value—established by regulation as not exceeding a fair-market value 

of $25,000 ($35,000 in Alaska and Hawaii).

Personal effects and household goods of reasonable value established by regulation as not 

exceeding a total market value of $1,500.

An automobile of reasonable value—established by regulation as not exceeding a market 

value of $1,200.

An automobile may be excluded, regardless of value, if the individual’s household uses it for 

employment or medical treatment, or if it is modified to be operated by or for transportation of 

a handicapped person.

Life insurance with face value of $1,500 or less.

1976

Public Law 94-569, 

enacted October 20

The recipient’s home, regardless of value, is excluded from consideration in determining 

resources.

1977

Public Law 95-171, 

enacted November 12

Assistance received under the Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act of 1974 for 

9 months following receipt.

1979 Reasonable value for an automobile increased by regulation to $4,500 of current-market 

value; personal goods and household effects increased to $2,000 of equity value.

1980

Public Law 96-611, 

enacted December 28

Assets transferred for less than fair market value for the purpose of establishing eligibility for 

benefits under the Social Security Act are counted as resources for 24 months after transfer.

1982

Public Law 97-248, 

enacted September 3

The value, within prescribed limits, of a burial space for the recipient, spouse, and immediate 

family is excluded. In addition, $1,500 each (less the value of already excluded life insurance 

and any amount in an irrevocable burial arrangement) may be set aside for the burial of the 

recipient and spouse, if held in separately identifiable burial funds and if inclusion of any of 

the burial funds in countable resources would cause the resource limit to be exceeded.

1984

Public Law 98-369, 

enacted July 18

The unspent portion of any retroactive title II or title XVI payment is excluded for 6 months 

following its receipt, and the individual must be given written notice of the time limit on the 

exclusion.
SSI: History of Provisions

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 37

1985 Regulations permit exclusion, regardless of value, of an automobile needed for essential 

transportation or modified for a handicapped person. The $4,500 current market value limit 

applies only if no automobile could be excluded based on the nature of its use.

1987

Public Law 100-203, 

enacted December 22

Provides for suspension of the 1980 transfer of assets provision, in any month that it is determined that undue hardship would result.

Real property that cannot be sold because it is jointly owned; its sale would cause the other 

owner(s) undue hardship due to loss of housing; its sale is barred by a legal impediment; or, 

the owner’s reasonable efforts to sell have been unsuccessful.

Temporarily extends the 1984 exclusion of retroactive title II and title XVI benefits from 

6 months to 9 months (the longer exclusion applies to benefits paid in fiscal years 1988 and 

1989).

Allows the exclusion of burial funds, as described above, regardless of whether or not counting any portion of those funds would result in excess resources.

1988

Public Law 100-360, 

enacted July 1

Removes the transfer-of-assets penalty for transfers made July 1, 1988, or later.

Public Law 100-707, 

enacted November 23

Removes the time limit for exclusion of disaster assistance.

Special Exclusions

1972

Public Law 92-603, 

enacted October 30

Assets of a blind or disabled individual that are necessary to an approved plan of self-support.

Tools and other property essential to self-support (PESS), within reasonable limits. Shares of 

nonnegotiable stock in regional or village corporations held by natives of Alaska.

For persons transferred from state programs to SSI, resource exclusions equal to the maximum amount permitted as of October 1972 under the state program.

1988

Public Law 100-383, 

enacted August 10

Restitution payments made to Japanese internees and relocated Aleutians.

1989

Public Law 101-239, 

enacted December 19

Specifies that no limitation can be placed on property essential to self-support used in a 

trade or business, or by an individual as an employee (including the tools of a tradesperson 

and the machinery and livestock of a farmer).

Payments from the Agent Orange Settlement.

1990

Public Law 101-508, 

enacted November 5

Earned income tax credit excluded for the month following the month the credit is received.

Payments received from a state-administered fund established to aid victims of crime 

excluded for a 9-month period. Individual not required to file for such benefits.

Payments received as state or local government relocation assistance excluded for a 

9-month period. (The provision expired 3 years after its effective date.)

Payments received under the Radiation Exposure Compensation Act.
SSI: History of Provisions

38 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

1993

Public Law 103-66, 

enacted August 10

Makes permanent the 9-month exclusion of payments received as state or local government 

relocation assistance.

1994

Public Law 103-286, 

enacted August 1

Payments to victims of Nazi persecution.

1996

Public Law 104-193, 

enacted August 22

Dedicated financial institution accounts required to be established for large past-due benefits 

for disabled individuals under age 18 with a representative payee.

1998

Public Law 105-285, 

enacted October 27

Funds made available to an SSI recipient by a state or local government or a nonprofit organization as part of the Individual Development Account demonstration project.

Public Law 105-306, 

enacted October 28

In-kind gifts to children with life-threatening conditions by tax-exempt organizations not converted to cash.

The first $2,000 annually of cash gifts by tax-exempt organizations to, or for the benefit of, 

individuals under age 18 with life-threatening conditions.

Public Law 105-369, 

enacted November 12

Payments made under the Ricky Ray Hemophilia Relief Fund Act of 1998.

2000

Public Law 106-554, 

enacted December 21

Funds deposited by an individual in an Individual Development Account and the interest on 

those funds.

Presumptive and Emergency Payments and Interim Assistance Reimbursement

Presumptive Payments

1972

Public Law 92-603, 

enacted October 30

A person applying on the basis of disability who meets all other criteria of eligibility, and is 

likely to be disabled, may receive payments for 3 months pending the disability determination.

1976

Public Law 94-569, 

enacted October 20

Presumptive payment provision was extended to persons applying on the basis of blindness.

1990

Public Law 101-508, 

enacted November 5

Extends the period for receipt of payments to 6 months.

Emergency Advance Payments

1972

Public Law 92-603, 

enacted October 30

Any applicant who can be presumed to meet the criteria of eligibility, but has not yet been 

determined eligible, and who is faced with a financial emergency may receive an immediate 

cash advance of up to $100.

1987

Public Law 100-203, 

enacted December 22

Increases the maximum emergency advance payment amount to the maximum amount of 

the regular federal SSI monthly benefit rate, plus, if any, the federally administered state supplementary payment.
SSI: History of Provisions

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 39

1996

Public Law 104-193, 

enacted August 22

Applicants who have a financial emergency may receive an emergency advance payment in 

the month of application, which, effective with this law, is always prior to the first month of eligibility. These advance payments are recouped by proportional reductions in the recipient’s 

first 6 months of SSI benefits.

Interim Assistance Reimbursement

1974

Public Law 93-368, 

enacted August 7

SSA may enter into agreements with the states to repay them directly for assistance payments made to an SSI applicant while his/her claim is being adjudicated. The repayment is 

made from the first check due to the individual. This legislation expires June 30, 1976.

1976

Public Law 94-365, 

enacted July 14

The authority to repay the state for interim assistance is made permanent.

1987

Public Law 100-203, 

enacted December 22

Extends interim assistance reimbursement to situations in which payments are made by 

states or political subdivisions to persons whose SSI payments were suspended or terminated and who subsequently are found to be eligible for such benefits. Also clarifies that the 

payment from which the interim assistance reimbursement is paid must be the first payment 

of benefits relating to the interim period.

Medicaid Eligibility

1972

Public Law 92-603, 

enacted October 30

States can provide Medicaid coverage to all recipients of SSI payments. Alternatively, they 

can limit coverage by applying more restrictive criteria from the state Medicaid plan in effect 

on January 1, 1972.

States can accept SSA determination of eligibility, or make their own determination.

1976

Public Law 94-566, 

enacted October 20

Preserves the Medicaid eligibility of recipients who become ineligible for cash SSI payments 

due to the cost-of-living increases in Social Security benefits.

1980

Public Law 96-265, 

enacted June 9

Blind or disabled recipients under age 65 no longer eligible for either regular or special SSI 

payments because of their earnings may retain SSI recipient status for Medicaid eligibility 

purposes under the following conditions: (1) they continue to have the disabling impairment, 

(2) they meet all nondisability eligibility criteria except for earned income, (3) they would be 

seriously inhibited from continuing employment without Medicaid services, and (4) their 

earnings are insufficient to provide a reasonable equivalent of SSI payments and Medicaid.

In states that do not provide Medicaid coverage categorically to all SSI recipients, qualification for Medicaid benefits depends on the state’s specific eligibility and program requirements.

The Medicaid provision of the 1980 legislation was in effect from January 1, 1981, through 

December 31, 1983. Under a 1-year demonstration project, beginning January 1, 1984, this 

provision was continued for persons already eligible for regular or special SSI payments or 

for retention of Medicaid eligibility.

1984

Public Law 98-460, 

enacted October 9

Medicaid provision of 1980 legislation extended through June 30, 1987 (retroactive to January 1, 1984).
SSI: History of Provisions

40 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

1986

Public Law 99-272, 

enacted April 7

Restores Medicaid eligibility for some disabled widow(er)s who became ineligible for SSI 

when their title II benefits increased in 1984 because of a change in the Social Security disabled widow(er)s benefits reduction factor.

Public Law 99-643, 

enacted November 10

The SSI recipient status for Medicaid eligibility provision of the 1980 amendments is made 

permanent.

Effective July 1, 1987, certain expenses are excluded from earnings when determining sufficiency of earnings to establish SSI recipient status eligibility for Medicaid purposes:

 • Impairment-related work expenses of disabled persons,

 • Work expenses of blind persons,

 • Income required for achieving an approved self-support plan, and

 • The value of publicly funded attendant care services.

Effective July 1, 1987, preserves the Medicaid eligibility of recipients who become ineligible 

for SSI payments because of entitlement to, or an increase in, Social Security disabled adult 

child benefits on or after the effective date.

Effective July 1, 1987, requires all states to provide Medicaid coverage for recipients in special SSI status (either receiving special SSI payments or in the special recipient status 

described for 1980) if they received Medicaid coverage the month before special SSI status.

1987

Public Law 100-203, 

enacted December 22

Effective July 1, 1988, restores or preserves the Medicaid eligibility of persons aged 60 or 

older who are eligible for Social Security benefits as widows or widowers (but not eligible for 

Medicare) and who become ineligible for SSI payments or state supplementation because of 

the receipt of Old-Age or Survivors Insurance benefits under Social Security.

1990

Public Law 101-508, 

enacted November 5

Age limit for retention of SSI recipient status for Medicaid eligibility purposes is (1980 and 

subsequent work incentive provisions, above) eliminated.

Preserves the Medicaid eligibility of SSI recipients who become ineligible for payments when 

they become entitled to Social Security disabled widow(er)s benefits following the revised 

definition used for their disability.

1997

Public Law 105-33, 

enacted August 5

Requires states to continue Medicaid coverage for disabled children who were receiving SSI 

payments as of August 22, 1996 and would have continued to be eligible for such payments 

except that their eligibility terminated because they did not meet the revised SSI childhood 

disability standard established under Public Law 104-193.

State Supplementation

1972

Public Law 92-603, 

enacted October 30

States are given the option of providing supplementary payments both to recipients transferred from the state program and to those newly eligible for SSI.

States may either administer the payments themselves or have the Social Security Administration make payments on their behalf. When state supplementary payments are federally 

administered, the Social Security Administration makes eligibility and payment determinations for the state and assumes administrative costs.

“Hold harmless” protection, which limits a state’s fiscal liability to its share of OAA, AB, and 

APTD expenditures for calendar year 1972, is provided to states electing federal administration of their supplementary plans. This provision applies only to supplementary payments 

that do not, on the average, exceed a state’s “adjusted payment level.” (The adjusted pay-
SSI: History of Provisions

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 41

ment level is the average of the payments that individuals with no other income received in 

January 1972; it may include the bonus value of food stamps. Adjustments are provided for 

payments that had been below state standards.)

1973

Public Law 93-66, 

enacted July 9

Provision is made for mandatory state supplementation as assurance against reduction of 

income for persons who received state assistance in December 1973 and were transferred 

to SSI. These supplementary payments must equal the difference between (1) the amount of 

the state assistance payment that the individual received in December 1973 plus other 

income and (2) his/her federal SSI payment plus other income.

1976

Public Law 94-585, 

enacted October 21

After June 30, 1977, when the federal SSI payment level is increased by a cost-of-living 

increase, such an increase will be excluded in calculating the “hold harmless” amount.

Requires states to maintain state supplementation payments at the level of December 1976 

(“maintenance of payments”) or to continue to pay in supplements the same total annual 

amounts (“maintenance of expenditures”) when the federal SSI payment level is increased 

and thereby pass through any increases in federal benefits without reducing state supplements.

1982

Public Law 97-248, 

enacted September 3

Begins a 3-year phase out of “hold harmless” protection. Effective with fiscal year 1985, Wisconsin and Hawaii (the only remaining “hold harmless” states) assumed the full cost of their 

supplementary payments.

1983

Public Law 98-21, 

enacted April 20

Federal pass-through law is adjusted (1) by substituting the state supplementary payment 

levels in effect in March 1983 for those in effect in December 1976 as the levels that states 

must maintain in complying with the pass-through requirements, and (2) with regard to the 

$20 (individual) and $30 (couple) increase in the federal SSI standard in July 1983, by requiring states to pass through only as much as would have been required if the SSI cost-of-living 

adjustment had been made in July 1983.

1987

Public Law 100-203, 

enacted December 22

Provides for federal administration of state supplements to residents of medical institutions.

Provides for required pass through of $5 increase in federal rate for persons whose care in 

institutions is paid in substantial part by Medicaid.

1993

Public Law 103-66, 

enacted August 10

Requires states to pay fees for federal administration of their state supplementation payments. The fees are $1.67 for each monthly supplementary payment in fiscal year 1994, 

$3.33 in fiscal year 1995, and $5.00 in fiscal year 1996. Fees for subsequent fiscal years will 

be $5.00 or another amount determined by the Commissioner to be appropriate. The Commissioner may charge the states additional fees for services they request that are beyond 

the level customarily provided in administering state supplementary payments.

1997

Public Law 105-33, 

enacted August 5

Revises the schedule of per-payment fees for federal administration of state supplementation for fiscal years 1998 ($6.20) through 2002 ($8.50) and provides a formula for determining the fee beyond fiscal year 2002. The scheduled fees for fiscal years 1999, 2000, and 

2001 are $7.60; $7.80; and $8.10, respectively.

1999

Public Law 106-170, 

enacted December 17

A state which has an agreement with SSA to administer its supplementation payments, must 

remit both payments and fees prior to the SSI payment date.
SSI: History of Provisions

42 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

2000

Public Law 106-554, 

enacted December 21

Changes the effective date of above provision from 2009 to 2001.

Overpayment Recovery

1984

Public Law 98-369, 

enacted July 18

Limits the rate of recovering overpayments from monthly payments to the lesser of (1) the 

monthly payment, or (2) 10 percent of a recipient’s monthly income. Permits a higher or 

lower adjustment at the request of the recipient subject to the agreement of the Commissioner. The limit does not apply if fraud, willful misrepresentation, or concealment of material 

information was involved on the part of the recipient or spouse in connection with the overpayment.

Waives recovery of certain overpayments due to amount of excess resources of $50 or less.

Provides for the recovery of overpayments from tax refunds.

1988

Public Law 100-485, 

enacted October 13

Extends the authority to recover overpayments from tax refunds. 

1998

Public Law 105-306, 

enacted October 28

Authorizes SSA to collect SSI overpayments by offsetting Social Security benefits, with a 

maximum monthly offset of no more than 10 percent of the Social Security benefit.

1999

Public Law 106-169, 

enacted December 14

Makes representative payees liable for an SSI overpayment caused by a payment made to a 

recipient who has died, and requires SSA to establish an overpayment control record under 

the representative payee’s Social Security number. 

Requires SSA to recover SSI overpayments from SSI lump-sum amounts by withholding at 

least 50 percent of the lump-sum payment or the amount of the overpayment, whichever is 

less.

Extends all of the debt collection authorities currently available for the collection of overpayments under the OASDI program to the SSI program.
Medicare

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 43

Medicare

The following summary of the Medicare program is

intended for informational purposes only. It is not an official

statement of policy that can be relied upon in lieu of the

appropriate law, regulations, and rulings. This narrative is

not intended to render legal or other professional advice;

therefore, it should not be relied upon for making specific

legal decisions. Instead, the law, regulations, and rulings

should be consulted for purposes of making such decisions.

Overview

Title XVIII of the Social Security Act, designated

"Health Insurance for the Aged and Disabled," is commonly

known as Medicare. As part of the Social Security Amendments of 1965, the Medicare legislation established a

health insurance program for aged persons to complement

the retirement, survivors, and disability insurance benefits

under title II of the Social Security Act. 

When first implemented in 1966, Medicare covered

most persons aged 65 or older. In 1973, the following

groups also became eligible for benefits: persons entitled to

Social Security or Railroad Retirement disability cash benefits for at least 24 months, most persons with end stage

renal disease (ESRD), and certain otherwise noncovered

aged persons who elect to pay a premium for Medicare

coverage. The Medicare, Medicaid, and SCHIP Benefits

Improvement and Protection Act of 2000 (Public Law 106-

554) allows persons with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (Lou

Gehrig's disease) to waive the 24-month waiting period.

Medicare has traditionally consisted of two parts: Hospital Insurance (HI), also known as Part A, and Supplementary Medical Insurance (SMI), also known as Part B. A new,

third part of Medicare, sometimes known as Part C, is the

Medicare+Choice program, which was established by the

Balanced Budget Act (BBA) of 1997 (Public Law 105-33)

and which expanded beneficiaries' options for participation

in private-sector health care plans. When Medicare began

on July 1, 1966, approximately 19 million people enrolled.

In 2001, about 40 million people are enrolled in one or both

of Parts A and B of the Medicare program, and 5.7 million

of them have chosen to participate in a Medicare+Choice

plan. 

Coverage

HI is generally provided automatically, and free of premiums, to persons aged 65 or older who are eligible for

Social Security or Railroad Retirement benefits, whether

they have claimed these monthly cash benefits or not. Also,

workers and their spouses with a sufficient period of Medicare-only coverage in federal, state, or local government

employment are eligible beginning at age 65. Similarly, individuals who have been entitled to Social Security or Railroad Retirement disability benefits for at least 24 months,

and government employees with Medicare-only coverage

who have been disabled for more than 29 months, are entitled to HI benefits. HI coverage is also provided to insured

workers with ESRD (and to insured workers' spouses and

children with ESRD), as well as to some otherwise ineligible aged and disabled beneficiaries who voluntarily pay a

monthly premium for their coverage. In 2000, the HI program provided protection against the costs of hospital and

specific other medical care to about 39 million people (34

million aged and 5 million disabled enrollees). HI benefit

payments totaled $128 billion in 2000.

The following health care services are covered under

the HI program: 0

• Inpatient hospital care coverage includes costs of a

semi-private room, meals, regular nursing services,

operating and recovery rooms, intensive care, inpatient prescription drugs, laboratory tests, X-rays, psychiatric hospitals, inpatient rehabilitation, and longterm care (LTC) hospitalization when medically necessary, as well as all other medically necessary services and supplies provided in the hospital. An initial

deductible payment is required of beneficiaries who

are admitted to a hospital, plus copayments for all

hospital days following day 60 within a benefit period

(described later).

• Skilled nursing facility (SNF) care is covered by HI

only if it follows within 30 days (generally) of a hospitalization of 3 days or more and is certified as medically necessary. Covered services are similar to

those for inpatient hospital care but also include

rehabilitation services and appliances. The number

of SNF days provided under Medicare is limited to

100 days per benefit period (described later), with a

copayment required for days 21–100. HI does not

cover nursing facility care if the patient does not

require skilled nursing or skilled rehabilitation services.

• Home health agency (HHA) care is covered by both

HI and SMI. The BBA transferred from HI to SMI

those home health services furnished on or after January 1, 1998 that are unassociated with a hospital or

skilled nursing facility stay. HI will continue to cover

the first 100 visits following a 3-day hospital stay or a

skilled nursing facility stay; SMI covers any visits

thereafter. Home health care under HI and SMI has

no copayment and no deductible. 

HHA care, including care provided by a home health

aide, may be furnished part-time by a HHA in the residence

of a home-bound beneficiary if intermittent or part-time

skilled nursing and/or certain other therapy or rehabilitation

care is necessary. Certain medical supplies and durable
Medicare

44 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

medical equipment (DME) may also be provided, though

beneficiaries must pay a 20-percent coinsurance for DME,

as required under SMI. There must be a plan of treatment

and periodical review by a physician. Full-time nursing

care, food, blood, and drugs are not provided as HHA services. 0

0

• Hospice care is a service provided to terminally ill

persons with life expectancies of 6 months or less

who elect to forego the standard Medicare benefits

for treatment of their illness and to receive only hospice care for it. Such care includes pain relief, supportive medical and social services, physical therapy,

nursing services, and symptom management. However, if a hospice patient requires treatment for a

condition that is not related to the terminal illness,

Medicare will pay for all covered services necessary

for that condition. The beneficiary pays no deductible

for the hospice program, but does pay small coinsurance amounts for drugs and inpatient respite care. 

An important HI component is the benefit period, which

starts when the beneficiary first enters a hospital and ends

when there has been a break of at least 60 consecutive

days since inpatient hospital or skilled nursing care was

provided. There is no limit to the number of benefit periods

covered by HI during a beneficiary's lifetime; however,

inpatient hospital care is normally limited to 90 days during

a benefit period, and copayment requirements (detailed

later) apply for days 61–90. If a beneficiary exhausts the 90

days of inpatient hospital care available in a benefit period,

he or she can elect to use days of Medicare coverage from

a nonrenewable "lifetime reserve" of up to 60 (total) additional days of inpatient hospital care. Copayments are also

required for such additional days.

All citizens (and certain legal aliens) aged 65 or older,

and all disabled persons entitled to coverage under HI, are

eligible to enroll in the SMI program on a voluntary basis by

payment of a monthly premium. Almost all persons entitled

to HI choose to enroll in SMI. In 2000, the SMI program

provided protection against the costs of physician and other

medical services to about 37 million people (32 million

aged and 5 million disabled). SMI benefits totaled $88.9 billion in 2000.

The SMI program covers the following services and

supplies: 0

• Physicians' and surgeons' services, including some

covered services furnished by chiropractors, podiatrists, dentists, and optometrists. Also covered are

the services provided by these Medicare-approved

practitioners who are not physicians: certified registered nurse anesthetists, clinical psychologists, clinical social workers (other than in a hospital or skilled

nursing facility), physician assistants, and nurse

practitioners and clinical nurse specialists in collaboration with a physician.

• Services in an emergency room or outpatient clinic,

including same-day surgery, and ambulance services.

• Home health care not covered under HI.

• Laboratory tests, X-rays, and other diagnostic radiology services, as well as certain preventive care

screening tests.

• Ambulatory surgical center services in a Medicareapproved facility.

• Most physical and occupational therapy and speech

pathology services.

• Comprehensive outpatient rehabilitation facility services, and mental health care in a partial hospitalization psychiatric program, if a physician certifies that

inpatient treatment would be required without it. 

• Radiation therapy, renal (kidney) dialysis and transplants, heart, lung, heart-lung, liver, pancreas, and

bone marrow transplants, and, as of April 2001,

intestinal transplants.

• Approved durable medical equipment for home use,

such as oxygen equipment and wheelchairs, prosthetic devices, and surgical dressings, splints, and

casts.

• Drugs and biologicals that cannot be self-administered, such as hepatitis B vaccines and immunosuppressive drugs (certain self-administered anticancer

drugs are covered).

To be covered, all services must be either medically

necessary or one of several prescribed preventive benefits.

SMI services are generally subject to a deductible and

coinsurance (see next section). Certain medical services

and related care are subject to special payment rules,

including deductibles (for blood), maximum approved

amounts (for Medicare-approved physical, speech, or

occupational therapy services performed after 2002 in settings other than hospitals), and higher cost-sharing requirements (such as those for outpatient treatments for mental

illness). 

It should be noted that some health care services are

not covered by Medicare. Noncovered services include

long-term nursing care, custodial care, and certain other

health care needs, such as dentures and dental care, eyeglasses, hearing aids, and most prescription drugs. These

services are not a part of the Medicare program unless they

are a part of a private health plan under the Medicare+Choice program.

Medicare+Choice (Part C) is an expanded set of

options for the delivery of health care under Medicare.

While all Medicare beneficiaries can receive their benefits

through the original fee-for-service (FFS) program, most

beneficiaries enrolled in both HI and SMI can choose to

participate in a Medicare+Choice plan instead. Organiza-
Medicare

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 45

tions that seek to contract as Medicare+Choice plans must

meet specific organizational, financial, and other requirements. Following are the primary Medicare+Choice plans: 0

• Coordinated care plans, which include health maintenance organizations (HMOs), provider-sponsored

organizations (PSOs), preferred provider organizations (PPOs), and other certified coordinated care

plans and entities that meet the standards set forth in

the law. 

• Private, unrestricted FFS plans, which allow beneficiaries to select certain private providers. For those

providers who agree to accept the plan's payment

terms and conditions, this option does not place the

providers at risk, nor does it vary payment rates

based on utilization.

• Medical savings account (MSA) plans, which provide

benefits after a single high deductible is met. Medicare makes an annual deposit to the MSA, and the

beneficiary is expected to use the money in the MSA

to pay for medical expenses below the annual

deductible. MSAs are currently a test program for a

limited number of eligible Medicare beneficiaries.

Except for MSA plans, all Medicare+Choice plans are

required to provide at least the current Medicare benefit

package, excluding hospice services. Plans may offer additional covered services and are required to do so (or return

excess payments) if plan costs are lower than the Medicare

payments received by the plan. There are some restrictions

as to who may elect an MSA plan, even when enrollment is

no longer limited to a certain number of participants.

Program Financing, Beneficiary Liabilities, 

and Provider Payments 

All financial operations for Medicare are handled

through two trust funds, one for the HI program and one for

the SMI program. These trust funds, which are special

accounts in the U.S. Treasury, are credited with all receipts

and charged with all expenditures for benefits and administrative costs. The trust funds cannot be used for any other

purpose. Assets not needed for the payment of costs are

invested in special Treasury securities. The following sections describe Medicare's financing provisions, beneficiary

cost-sharing requirements, and the basis for determining

Medicare reimbursements to health care providers.

Program Financing

The HI program is financed primarily through a mandatory payroll tax. Almost all employees and self-employed

workers in the United States work in employment covered

by the HI program and pay taxes to support the cost of benefits for aged and disabled beneficiaries. The HI tax rate is

1.45 percent of earnings, to be paid by each employee and

a matching amount by the employer for each employee,

and 2.90 percent for self-employed persons. Beginning in

1994, this tax is paid on all covered wages and selfemployment income without limit. (Prior to 1994, the tax

applied only up to a specified maximum amount of earnings.) The HI tax rate is specified in the Social Security Act

and cannot be changed without legislation. 

The HI trust fund also receives income from the following sources: (1) a portion of the income taxes levied on

Social Security benefits paid to high-income beneficiaries;

(2) premiums from certain persons who are not otherwise

eligible and choose to enroll voluntarily; (3) reimbursements from the general fund of the U.S. Treasury for the

cost of providing HI coverage to certain aged persons who

retired when the HI program began and thus were unable

to earn sufficient quarters of coverage (and those federal

retirees similarly unable to earn sufficient quarters of Medicare-qualified federal employment); (4) interest earnings on

its invested assets; and (5) other small miscellaneous

income sources. The taxes paid each year are used mainly

to pay benefits for current beneficiaries. 

The SMI program is financed through premium payments ($50 per beneficiary per month in 2001) and contributions from the general fund of the U.S. Treasury.

Beneficiary premiums are generally set at a level that covers 25 percent of the average expenditures for aged beneficiaries. Therefore, the contributions from the general fund

of the U.S. Treasury are the largest source of SMI income.

The SMI trust fund also receives income from interest earnings on its invested assets, as well as a small amount of

miscellaneous income. Beneficiary premiums and general

fund payments are redetermined annually, to match estimated program costs for the following year. 

Capitation payments to Medicare+Choice plans are

financed from the HI and SMI trust funds in proportion to

the relative weights of HI and SMI benefits to the total benefits paid by the Medicare program.

Beneficiary Payment Liabilities

Fee-for-service beneficiaries are responsible for

charges not covered by the Medicare program and for various cost-sharing aspects of both HI and SMI. These liabilities may be paid (1) by the Medicare beneficiary; (2) by a

third party, such as an employer-sponsored retiree health

plan or private "Medigap" insurance; or (3) by Medicaid, if

the person is eligible. The term Medigap is used to mean

private health insurance that pays, within limits, most of the

health care service charges not covered by Parts A or B of

Medicare. These policies, which must meet federally

imposed standards, are offered by Blue Cross and Blue

Shield (BC/BS) and various commercial health insurance

companies.

For beneficiaries enrolled in Medicare+Choice plans,

the beneficiary's payment share is based on the cost-sharing structure of the specific plan selected by the beneficiary, since each plan has its own requirements. Most plans
Medicare

46 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

have lower deductibles and coinsurance than are required

of fee-for-service beneficiaries. Such beneficiaries pay the

monthly Part B premium and may, depending on the plan,

pay an additional plan premium.

For hospital care covered under HI, a fee-for-service

beneficiary's payment share includes a one-time deductible

amount at the beginning of each benefit period ($792 in

2001). This deductible covers the beneficiary's part of the

first 60 days of each spell of inpatient hospital care. If continued inpatient care is needed beyond the 60 days, additional coinsurance payments ($198 per day in 2001) are

required through the 90th day of a benefit period. Each HI

beneficiary also has a "lifetime reserve" of 60 additional

hospital days that may be used when the covered days

within a benefit period have been exhausted. Lifetime

reserve days may be used only once, and coinsurance

payments ($396 per day in 2001) are required. 

For skilled nursing care covered under HI, Medicare

fully covers the first 20 days of SNF care in a benefit

period. But for days 21–100, a copayment ($99 per day in

2001) is required from the beneficiary. After 100 days of

SNF care per benefit period, Medicare pays nothing for

SNF care. Home health care has no deductible or coinsurance payment by the beneficiary. In any HI service, the

beneficiary is responsible for fees to cover the first 3 pints

or units of nonreplaced blood per calendar year. The beneficiary has the option of paying the fee or of having the

blood replaced.

There are no premiums for most people covered by the

HI program. Eligibility is generally earned through the work

experience of the beneficiary or of his or her spouse. However, most aged people who are otherwise ineligible for

premium-free HI coverage can enroll voluntarily by paying

a monthly premium, if they also enroll in SMI. For people

with fewer than 30 quarters of coverage as defined by the

Social Security Administration (SSA), the 2001 HI monthly

premium rate is $300; for those with 30 to 39 quarters of

coverage, the rate is reduced to $165. Voluntary coverage

upon payment of the HI premium, with or without enrolling

in SMI, is also available to disabled individuals for whom

cash benefits have ceased due to earnings in excess of

those allowed for receiving cash benefits.

For SMI, the beneficiary's payment share includes the

following: one annual deductible (currently $100); the

monthly premiums; the coinsurance payments for SMI services (usually 20 percent of the medically allowed

charges); a deductible for blood; certain charges above the

Medicare-allowed charge (for claims not on assignment);

and payment for any services that are not covered by Medicare. For outpatient mental health treatment services, the

beneficiary is liable for 50 percent of the approved charges.

Provider Payments

For HI, before 1983, payments to providers were made

on a reasonable cost basis. Medicare payments for most

inpatient hospital services are now made under a reimbursement mechanism known as the prospective payment

system (PPS). Under PPS, a specific predetermined

amount is paid for each inpatient hospital stay, based on

each stay's diagnosis-related group (DRG) classification. In

some cases the payment the hospital receives is less than

the hospital's actual cost for providing the HI-covered inpatient hospital services for the stay; in other cases it is more.

The hospital absorbs the loss or makes a profit. Certain

payment adjustments exist for extraordinarily costly inpatient hospital stays. Payments for skilled nursing care and

home health care are made under separate prospective

payment systems. Payments for inpatient rehabilitation and

psychiatric care are currently reimbursed on a reasonable

cost basis, but prospective payment systems are expected

to be implemented in the near future, as required by the

BBA. 

For SMI, before 1992, physicians were paid on the

basis of reasonable charge. This amount was initially

defined as the lowest of (1) the physician's actual charge;

(2) the physician's customary charge; or (3) the prevailing

charge for similar services in that locality. Beginning January 1992, allowed charges were defined as the lesser of (1)

the submitted charges, or (2) the amount determined by a

fee schedule based on a relative value scale (RVS). Payments for DME and clinical laboratory services are also

based on a fee schedule. Most hospital outpatient services

are reimbursed on a prospective payment system, and

home health care is reimbursed under the same prospective payment system as HI. 

If a doctor or supplier agrees to accept the Medicareapproved rate as payment in full ("takes assignment"), then

payments provided must be considered as payments in full

for that service. The provider may not request any added

payments (beyond the initial annual deductible and coinsurance) from the beneficiary or insurer. If the provider

does not take assignment, the beneficiary will be charged

for the excess (which may be paid by Medigap insurance).

Limits now exist on the excess that doctors or suppliers can

charge. Physicians are "participating physicians" if they

agree before the beginning of the year to accept assignment for all Medicare services they furnish during the year.

Since Medicare beneficiaries may select their doctors, they

have the option to choose those who participate.

Medicare payments to Medicare+Choice plans are

based on a blend of local and national capitated rates, generally determined by the capitation payment methodology

described in section 1853 of the Social Security Act. Actual

payments to plans vary based on demographic characteristics of the enrolled population. New "risk adjusters" based

on demographics and health status are currently being

phased in to better match Medicare capitation payments to

the expected costs of individual beneficiaries.
Medicare

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 47

Claims Processing

Medicare's HI and SMI fee-for-service claims are processed by nongovernment organizations or agencies that

contract to serve as the fiscal agent between providers and

the federal government. These claims processors are

known as intermediaries and carriers. They apply the Medicare coverage rules to determine the appropriateness of

claims.

Medicare intermediaries process HI claims for institutional services, including inpatient hospital claims, SNFs,

HHAs, and hospice services. They also process outpatient

hospital claims for SMI. Examples of intermediaries are BC/

BS (which utilize their plans in various states) and other

commercial insurance companies. Intermediaries' responsibilities include the following: 0

• Determining costs and reimbursement amounts. 

• Maintaining records.

• Establishing controls. 

• Safeguarding against fraud and abuse or excess

use.

• Conducting reviews and audits.

• Making the payments to providers for services.

• Assisting both providers and beneficiaries as

needed. 

Medicare carriers handle SMI claims for services by

physicians and medical suppliers. Examples of carriers are

the BS plans in a state, and various commercial insurance

companies. Carriers' responsibilities include the following: 0

• Determining charges allowed by Medicare.

• Maintaining quality-of-performance records. 

• Assisting in fraud and abuse investigations. 

• Assisting both suppliers and beneficiaries as needed.

• Making payments to physicians and suppliers for services that are covered under SMI.

Peer review organizations (PROs) are groups of practicing health care professionals who are paid by the federal

government to generally oversee the care provided to

Medicare beneficiaries in each state and to improve the

quality of services. PROs educate other health care professionals and assist in the effective, efficient, and economical

delivery of health care services to the Medicare population.

The ongoing effort to combat monetary fraud and abuse in

the Medicare program was intensified after enactment of

the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of

1996 (Public Law 104-191), which created the Medicare

Integrity Program. Prior to this 1996 legislation, the Centers

for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) was limited by

law to contracting with its current carriers and fiscal intermediaries to perform payment safeguard activities. The

Medicare Integrity Program provided CMS with stable,

increasing funding for payment safeguard activities, as well

as new authorities to contract with entities to perform specific payment safeguard functions.

Administration

The Department of Health and Human Services (HHS)

has the overall responsibility for administration of the Medicare program. Within HHS, responsibility for administering

Medicare rests with CMS. SSA assists, however, by initially

determining an individual's Medicare entitlement, by withholding Part B premiums from the Social Security benefit

checks of beneficiaries, and by maintaining Medicare data

on the Master Beneficiary Record, which is SSA's primary

record of beneficiaries. The Internal Revenue Service in

the Department of the Treasury collects the HI payroll taxes

from workers and their employers. 

A Board of Trustees, composed of two appointed members of the public and four members who serve by virtue of

their positions in the federal government, oversees the

financial operations of the HI and SMI trust funds. The Secretary of the Treasury is the managing trustee. The Board

of Trustees reports to Congress on the financial and actuarial status of the Medicare trust funds on or about the first

day of April each year.

State agencies (usually State Health Departments under

agreements with CMS) identify, survey, and inspect provider

and supplier facilities and institutions wishing to participate in

the Medicare program. In consultation with CMS, these

agencies then certify the facilities that are qualified. 

Data Summary

The Medicare program covers 95 percent of our

nation's aged population, as well as many people who are

on Social Security because of disability. In 2000, HI covered about 39 million enrollees with benefit payments of

$128.5 billion, and SMI covered 37 million enrollees with

benefit payments of $88.9 billion. Administrative costs were

about 2 percent of HI and about 2 percent of SMI disbursements for 2000. Total disbursements for Medicare in 2000

were $222 billion. 0

Note: Medicare enrollment data are based on estimates prepared for the 2001 annual report of the Medicare

Board of Trustees to Congress (available on the Internet at

www.hcfa.gov/pubforms/tr/). Medicare benefits, administrative costs, and total disbursements for 2000 are actual

amounts for the calendar year, as reported by the Department of the Treasury.
Medicare: History of Provisions

48 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Medicare: History of Provisions

Note: These summaries of public law were selected based on general interest and are not intended to include or 

explain fully all of the provisions and exclusions of the Medicare program.

Act *

Insured Status

Entitlement to Hospital Insurance Benefits

1965 Individual aged 65 or older entitled to monthly benefits under the Social Security or Railroad 

Retirement program, or aged 65 before 1968, or 3 quarters of coverage (QC) after 1965 and 

before attainment of age 65.

1967 3 QC for each year after 1966 and before attainment of age 65.

1972 Disabled individual, under age 65, entitled to disability benefits for 24 consecutive months 

under the Social Security or Railroad Retirement program (excludes spouses and children of 

disabled individuals). Individual under age 65 who has end stage renal disease (ESRD) and 

who is either fully or currently insured, or is entitled to monthly benefits under the Social 

Security or Railroad Retirement program or is the spouse or dependent child of such an 

insured individual or beneficiary. Entitlement begins on the first day of the third month 

following the initiation of a course of renal dialysis and ends with the 12th month following the 

month in which either the dialysis terminates or the individual has a renal transplant.

Individual aged 65 or older enrolled in the SMI program who is not otherwise entitled to HI 

benefits, upon voluntary participation with payment of Hospital Insurance premium.

1980 Individual who would be entitled to monthly benefits under the Social Security or Railroad 

Retirement program if application were made.

Disabled individual under age 65 entitled to disability benefits for at least 24 months, not 

necessarily consecutive, under the Social Security or Railroad Retirement program.

Medicare coverage extended for up to 36 months for disabled individuals whose disability 

continues, but whose monthly benefit ceased because they engaged in substantial gainful 

activity.

Second waiting period eliminated if a former disabled-worker beneficiary becomes entitled 

again within 5 years (7 years for disabled widows and widowers and disabled children aged 

18 or older).

1982 Federal employees covered under HI based on QC for earnings as federal employees and/

or based on deemed QC for earnings as federal employees before 1983.

1983 Employees of nonprofit organizations, effective Jan. 1, 1984.

1986 Mandatory coverage for state and local government employees not covered under Social 

Security and hired after Mar. 31, 1986.

1987 Second waiting period eliminated if a former disabled beneficiary becomes entitled again (no 

time limit).

1989 Disabled individuals under age 65 who are no longer entitled to Social Security disability 

benefits because their earnings exceeded the substantial gainful activity level have the 

option to purchase Medicare coverage by paying the HI and SMI premiums.

2000 The 24-month waiting period (otherwise required for an individual to establish Medicare 

eligibility on the basis of a disability) is waived for persons with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, 

effective July 1, 2001.

*

Act refers to legislation enacted in the year shown.
Medicare: History of Provisions

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 49

Entitlement to Supplementary Medical Insurance Benefits

1965 U.S. resident (citizen or lawfully admitted alien with 5 years continuous residence) aged 65 

or older or any individual entitled to HI benefits, upon voluntary participation with payment of 

SMI premium.

1972 Individual under age 65 entitled to HI benefits, upon voluntary participation with payment of 

SMI premium.

Medicare Benefits

HI and SMI

1965 Requires that Medicare be secondary payer to benefits provided by liability insurance 

policies or under no-fault insurance.

1981 Requires that Medicare be secondary payer to employer-based group health plans for 

beneficiaries entitled to Medicare solely due to end-stage renal disease (ESRD) for up to 12 

months.

1982 For workers and their spouses aged 65-69, Medicare is the secondary payer when benefits 

are provided under an employer-based group health plan (applicable to employers with 20 or 

more employees who sponsor or contribute to the group plan).

Health maintenance organizations (HMOs) will be authorized as providers of benefits. The 

Secretary of HHS must certify the prospective payment mechanism for HMOs before 

implementation.

1984 Medicare secondary payer provisions are extended to spouses aged 65-69 of workers under 

age 65 whose employer-based group health plan covers such spouses.

For HMOs, includes medical and other health services furnished by clinical psychologists.

1985 Provides payment for liver transplant services.

1986 Extends the working age secondary payer provision to cover workers and their spouses 

beyond age 69.

For HMOs that offered organ transplants as a basic health service on Apr. 15, 1985, such 

services may be offered from Oct. 1, 1985, through Apr. 1, 1988.

For disabled individuals who are covered by employer-based health plans (with at least 100 

employees), Medicare is the secondary payer, effective for 1987-91.

1987 Requires HMOs/competitive medical plans that cease to contract with Medicare to provide or 

arrange supplemental coverage of benefits related to preexisting conditions for the lesser of 

6 months or the duration of an exclusion period.

Specifies in law that in order to be eligible for home health care, a Medicare beneficiary must 

have a restricted ability to leave the home, requiring the assistance of another or the aid of a 

supportive device (such as crutches, a cane, a wheelchair, or a walker).

Clarifies that the secondary payer provision for disabled individuals covered under employerbased health plans for employers with at least 500 employees applies to employers who are 

government entities.

1990 Requires that Medicare be the secondary payer to employer-based group health plans for 

beneficiaries entitled to Medicare solely due to ESRD for up to 18 months (extended from 12 

months), effective Feb. 1, 1991, to Jan. 1, 1996.

The secondary payer provision for disabled beneficiaries covered under large employer 

plans (see 1986.); effective through Sept. 30, 1995.

1993 The secondary payer provision for disabled beneficiaries covered under large employer 

plans is effective through Sept. 30, 1998.
Medicare: History of Provisions

50 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

The secondary payer provision for beneficiaries with ESRD applies to all beneficiaries with 

end stage renal disease, not only those entitled to Medicare solely on the basis of it. The 

extension to include the first 18 months of an individual's entitlement on the basis of ESRD is 

effective through Sept. 30, 1998.

1997 Established an expanded set of options for the delivery of health care under Medicare, 

referred to as Medicare+Choice. All Medicare beneficiaries can receive their Medicare 

benefits through the original fee-for-service program. In addition, most beneficiaries can 

choose instead to receive their Medicare benefits through one of the following 

Medicare+Choice plans: (1) coordinated care plans (such as HMOs, provider-sponsored 

organizations, and preferred provider organizations); (2) Medical Savings Account (MSA)/

High Deductible plans (through a demonstration available for up to 390,000 beneficiaries); or 

(3) private fee-for-service plans. Except for MSA plans, all Medicare+Choice plans are 

required to provide the current Medicare benefit package (excluding hospice services) and 

any additional health services required under the adjusted community rate (ACR) process. 

MSA plans provide Medicare benefits after a single high deductible is met, and enrollees 

receive an annual deposit in their Medical Savings Account. Transition rules for current 

Medicare HMO program also provided.

The provision making Medicare the secondary payer for disabled beneficiaries covered 

under large employer plans, previously scheduled to expire Sept. 30, 1998, made 

permanent.

The provision making Medicare secondary payer for the first 12 months of entitlement due to 

ESRD, which had been extended on a temporary basis (through Sept. 30, 1998) to include 

the first 18 months of entitlement, has been extended, permanently, to include the first 30 

months of entitlement on the basis of ESRD.

Hospital Insurance

1965 In each benefit period, inpatient hospital services, 90 days. Includes semiprivate 

accommodations, operating room, hospital equipment (including renal dialysis), laboratory 

tests and X-ray, drugs, dressings, general nursing services, and services of interns and 

residents in medical osteopathic or dentistry training. Inpatient psychiatric hospital care 

limited to 190-day lifetime maximum. Outpatient hospital diagnostic services. Post-hospital 

extended-care services, 100 days (including physical, occupational, and speech therapy). 

Post-hospital home health services, 100 visits. Deductible and coinsurance provisions (see 

table 2.C1).

1967 Lifetime reserve of 60 additional days of inpatient hospital services. Outpatient hospital 

diagnostic services transferred to SMI.

1972 Services of interns and residents in podiatry training.

1980 Unlimited home health visits in a year. Requirement for prior hospitalization eliminated. 

Home health services provided for up to 4 days a week and up to 21 consecutive days.

Alcohol detoxification facility services.

1981 Part A coinsurance is based on the deductible for the calendar year in which services are 

received rather than the deductible in effect at the time the beneficiary's spell of illness 

began, starting in 1982.

Alcohol detoxification facility services eliminated.

1982 Beneficiaries expected to live 6 months or less may elect to receive hospice care benefits 

instead of other Medicare benefits. May elect maximum of two 90-day and one 30-day 

hospice care periods, effective Nov. 1, 1983, to Oct. 1, 1986.

1984 For durable medical equipment provided by home health agencies, the payment amount is 

reduced from 100 percent of costs to 80 percent of reasonable charges.
Medicare: History of Provisions

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 51

1986 Set the Part A deductible for 1987 at $520 with resulting increases in cost sharing. Increased 

the Part A deductible annually by the applicable percentage increase in the hospital 

prospective payment rates.

Hospice care benefit (enacted in 1982) made permanent.

1987 Specifies in law that in order to be eligible for home health care, a Medicare beneficiary must 

have a restricted ability to leave the home, requiring the assistance of another or the aid of a 

supportive device (such as crutches, a cane, a wheelchair, or a walker).

1988 Enrollee pays annual hospital deductible (set at $560 for 1989) and Medicare pays balance 

of covered charges, regardless of the number of days of hospitalization (except for 

psychiatric hospital care, which is still limited by 190-day lifetime maximum).

The number of days in a skilled nursing facility changed to 150 per year. Deletes the 

requirement for a prior hospital stay of 3 or more consecutive days.

Expands home health care to provide care for less than 7 days per week and up to 38 

consecutive days.

Hospice care extended beyond 210 days when beneficiary is certified as terminally ill.

All 1988 provisions became effective Jan. 1, 1989.

1989 The spell of illness and benefit period coverage of laws prior to 1988 return to the 

determination of inpatient hospital benefits in 1990 and later. After the deductible is paid in 

benefit period, Medicare pays 100 percent of covered costs for the first 60 days of inpatient 

hospital care. Coinsurance applies for the next 30 days in a benefit period.

The requirement for a prior hospital stay of 3 or more consecutive days is reinstated for 

skilled nursing facility services. Coverage returns to 100 days post-hospital care per spell of 

illness with a daily coinsurance rate in effect for days 21 through 100.

Home health services return to a limit of 21 consecutive days of care. Provision providing for 

home health care for fewer than 7 days per week continued due to a court decision.

Hospice care is returned to a lifetime limit of 210 days.

1990 Hospice care is extended beyond 210 days when beneficiary is certified as terminally ill.

1997 Home health services not associated with a hospital or skilled nursing facility stay for 

individuals enrolled in both HI and SMI are transferred from the HI program to the SMI 

program, effective January 1998. The HI program will continue to cover the first 100 visits 

following a hospital stay of at least 3 consecutive days or a skilled-nursing facility stay. The 

cost to the SMI trust fund of the transferred services will phase in over a 6-year period (that 

is, the HI trust fund will transfer funds to the SMI trust fund during that period).

Limits on the number of hours and days that home health care can be provided have been 

clarified. "Part-time" now defined as skilled-nursing and home health aide services 

(combined) furnished any number of days per week, for less than 8 hours per day and 28 or 

fewer hours per week. "Intermittent" now defined as skilled-nursing care provided for fewer 

than 7 days each week, or less than 8 hours each day (combined) for 21 days or less.

Hospice benefit periods are restructured to include two 90-day periods, followed by an 

unlimited number of 60-day periods.

Medicare coverage provided for a number of prevention initiatives, most of which covered 

under SMI program. HI program affected mainly by two of the initiatives: (1) annual prostate 

cancer screening for male beneficiaries aged 50 or older, effective Jan. 1, 2000; and (2) 

colorectal screening procedures, including fecal-occult blood tests and flexible 

sigmoidoscopies, for beneficiaries age 50 or older, colonoscopy for beneficiaries at high risk 

for colorectal cancer, and other procedures, including screening barium enemas under 

certain circumstances.
Medicare: History of Provisions

52 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

2000 Screening colonoscopies are covered for all beneficiaries, not just those at high risk, 

beginning July 1, 2001. For persons not at high risk, a screening colonoscopy is covered 10 

years after a previous one, or 4 years after a screening flexible sigmoidoscopy. (See 1997.)

Supplementary Medical Insurance

1965 Physician and surgeon services. In-hospital services of anesthesiologists, pathologists, 

radiologists, and psychiatrists. Limited dental services. Home health services, 100 visits in 

calendar year. Other medical services including various diagnostic tests, limited ambulance 

services, prosthetic devices, rental of durable medical equipment used at home (including 

equipment for dialysis), and supplies used for fractures. For deductible and coinsurance 

provisions, see table 2.C1.

Beginning in 1966, the beneficiary pays a $50 deductible, with a 3-month carryover 

provision.

1967 Outpatient hospital diagnostic services transferred from HI. Includes physical therapy 

services in a facility. Purchase of durable medical equipment.

1972 Physical therapy services furnished by a therapist in his or her office or individual's home 

(calendar year limit of $100). Chiropractor services (limited to manual manipulation of the 

spine). Outpatient services include speech pathology services furnished in, or under 

arrangements with, a facility or agency. Services of a doctor of optometry in furnishing 

prosthetic lenses.

Beginning in 1973, the beneficiary pays a $60 deductible.

1977 Services in rural health clinics.

1980 Home health services. Deductible applicable to home health services is eliminated, effective 

July 1, 1981.

Facility costs of certain surgical procedures performed in freestanding ambulatory surgical 

centers.

Increase in annual limit for outpatient therapy from $100 to $500.

Recognizes comprehensive outpatient rehabilitation facilities as Medicare providers.

1981 Beginning in 1982, the beneficiary pays a $75 deductible, with the carryover provision 

eliminated.

1984 Hepatitis B and pneumococcal vaccines and blood clotting factors and necessary supplies 

are included as Part B benefits. Debridement of mycotic toenails is limited.

For outpatient physical therapy services, includes services of a podiatrist. For outpatient 

ambulatory surgery, includes services of a dentist and podiatrist furnished in his or her office.

1986 Includes vision care services furnished by an optometrist.

For occupational therapy services, includes services furnished in a skilled nursing facility 

(when Part A coverage has been exhausted), in a clinic, rehabilitation agency, public health 

agency, or by an independently practicing therapist.

Includes outpatient (in addition to previously covered inpatient) immunosuppressive drugs 

for 1 year after covered transplant.

Includes occupational therapy services provided in certain delivery settings.

For ambulatory surgical procedures performed in ambulatory surgical centers, hospital 

outpatient departments, and certain physician offices, the Part B coinsurance and deductible 

are no longer waived.

1987 Increases the maximum payment for mental health services and includes outpatient mental 

health services provided by ambulatory hospital-based or hospital-affiliated programs under 

the supervision of a physician.
Medicare: History of Provisions

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 53

Services provided by clinical social workers when furnished by risk-sharing health 

maintenance organizations/competitive medical plans, physician assistants in rural health 

manpower shortage areas, clinical psychologists in rural health clinics and community 

mental health centers, and certified nurse-midwives.

Coverage of outpatient immunosuppresive drugs (see 1986) is broadened/clarifed to include 

prescription drugs used in immunosuppressive therapy.

Specifies in law that in order to be eligible for home health care, a Medicare beneficiary must 

have a restricted ability to leave the home, requiring the assistance of another or the aid of a 

supportive device (such as crutches, a cane, a wheelchair, or a walker).

1988 Beginning Jan. 1, 1990, the beneficiary pays a $75 deductible and 20-percent coinsurance, 

but once out-of-pocket expenses for the deductible and coinsurance exceed $1,370, 

Medicare pays 100 percent of allowable charges for remainder of year.

Beginning in 1991, Medicare pays 50 percent of the cost of outpatient prescription drugs 

above $600. When fully implemented in 1993, Medicare will pay 80 percent of prescription 

drug costs above a deductible that assumes that 16.8 percent of Part B enrollees will exceed 

the deductible.

Certain prescription drugs administered in an outpatient or home setting, including 

immunosuppressive drugs (previously covered for 1 year after a covered transplant), home 

intravenous drugs, and certain others, will be covered in 1990 under a new prescription drug 

provision.

1989 Provisions enacted in 1988 and to begin in 1990 and 1991 are repealed and benefits are 

restored to levels in effect prior to Jan. 1, 1989.

Limits on mental health benefits eliminated in 1990. Coverage extended to services of 

clinical psychologists and social workers.

The annual payment limits of $500 per beneficiary for outpatient physical therapy services 

and outpatient occupational therapy services, each, are raised to $750, for 1990 and later. 

(See 1980.)

1990 Beginning in 1991, routine mammography screenings are covered.

The Part B deductible is set at $100 in 1991 and subsequent years.

Beginning in 1992, physicians' services are reimbursed on a fee-schedule basis.

1993 Includes coverage of oral, self-administered anticancer drugs.

Lengthens the coverage period for immunosuppressive drugs after a transplant to 18 months 

in 1995, 24 months in 1996, 30 months in 1997, and 36 months thereafter. (See 1986).

The annual payment limits of $750 per beneficiary for outpatient physical therapy services 

and outpatient occupational therapy services, each, are raised to $900 for 1994 and later. 

(See 1989.)

1997 Home health services not associated with a hospital or skilled nursing facility stay for 

individuals enrolled in both HI and SMI are transferred from the HI program to the SMI 

program, effective January 1998. The HI program will continue to cover the first 100 visits 

following a hospital stay of at least 3 consecutive days or a skilled nursing facility stay. The 

cost to the SMI Trust Fund of the transferred services will phase in over a 6-year period, 

while the cost of the home health services will phase into the SMI premium over 7 years.

Coverage provided for a number of prevention initiatives, including (1) annual screening 

mammograms for female beneficiaries age 40 or older, with SMI deductive waived; (2) 

screening pap smear and pelvic exam (including clinical breast exam) every 3 years or 

annually for beneficiaries at higher risk, with SMI deductible waived; (3) annual prostate 

cancer screening for male beneficiaries aged 50 or older, effective Jan. 1, 2000; (4) 

colorectal screening procedures, including fecal-occult blood tests and flexible 

sigmoidoscopies, for beneficiaries aged 50 or older, colonoscopy for beneficiaries at high 
Medicare: History of Provisions

54 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

risk for colorectal cancer, and other procedures, including screening barium enemas under 

certain circumstances; (5) diabetes outpatient self-management training in nonhospitalbased programs (previously covered in hospital-based programs only) and blood glucose 

monitors and testing strips for all diabetics (previously provided for insulin-dependent 

diabetics only), effective July 1, 1998; (6) procedures to identify bone mass, detect bone 

loss, or determine bone quality for certain qualified beneficiaries, at frequencies determined 

by the Secretary of HHS, effective July 1, 1998.

Beginning January 1999, an annual beneficiary limit of $1,500 will apply to all outpatient 

physical therapy services, except for services furnished by a hospital outpatient department. 

A separate $1,500 limit will also apply to outpatient occupational therapy services, except for 

services furnished by hospital outpatient departments. Beginning with 2002, these caps will 

be increased by the percentage increase in the Medical Economic Index. (See 1993.)

1999 The coverage period for immunosuppressive drugs after a transplant is lengthened to 44 

months, for individuals who exhaust their 36 months of coverage in 2000. For those 

exhausting their 36 months of coverage in 2001, at least 8 more months will be covered. 

(The Secretary of HHS will specify the increase, if any, beyond 8 months.) For those 

exhausting their 36 months of coverage in 2002, 2003, or 2004, the number of additional 

months may be more or less than 8. (The Secretary will specify the increase for each of 

these years.) (See 1993.)

The annual payment limits of $1,500 per beneficiary for outpatient physical services and 

outpatient occupational therapy services, each, for services furnished by independent 

practitioners (that is, not by a hospital outpatient department), are suspended for 2000 and 

2001. (See 1997.)

2000 Coverage for screening pap smears and pelvic exams (including a clinical breast exam) is 

provided every 2 years (increased from every 3 years) beginning July 1, 2001. (Annual 

coverage continues for beneficiaries at higher risk, and SMI deductible continues to be 

waived.) (See 1997.)

Annual coverage of glaucoma screenings is provided for certain high-risk beneficiaries, 

effective Jan. 1, 2002.

Screening colonoscopies are covered for all beneficiaries, not just those at high risk, 

beginning July 1, 2001. For persons not at high risk, a screening colonoscopy is covered 10 

years after a previous one, or 4 years after a screening flexible sigmoidoscopy. (See 1997.)

Coverage is provided for medical nutrition therapy services under certain circumstances for 

beneficiaries who have diabetes or a renal disease, effective Jan. 1, 2002.

The amount of a beneficiary’s copayment for a procedure in a hospital outpatient department 

is limited, beginning April 1, 2001, to the hospital inpatient deductible applicable for that year. 

Also, the Secretary of HHS must reduce the effective copayment rate for outpatient services 

to a maximum rate of 57 percent in 2001 (for services received after April 1); 55 percent in 

2002 and 2003; 50 percent in 2004; 45 percent in 2005; and 40 percent in 2006 and later.

Time and budget limitations are removed on the coverage of immunosuppresive drugs, 

making coverage of these drugs a permanent benefits for beneficiaries who have received a 

covered organ transplant. (See 1999.)

The annual payment limits of $1,500 per beneficiary for outpatient physical therapy services 

and outpatient occupational therapy services, each, for services provided by independent 

practitioners (that is, not by a hospital outpatient department), which were suspended for 

2000 and 2001, are also suspended for 2002. (See 1999.)
Medicare: History of Provisions

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 55

Medicare Financing

Hospital Insurance Taxes

See table 2.A3.

Appropriations from General Revenues

1965 For HI costs attributable to transitionally insured beneficiaries.

For HI costs attributable to noncontributory wage credits granted for military service prior to 

1957 (see table 2.A2).

For the SMI program, an amount equal to participant premiums.

1972 For cost of SMI not met by enrollee premiums. 

1982 For HI costs attributable to beneficiaries having transitional entitlement based on Medicarequalified federal employment.

1983 For HI taxes on noncontributory wage credits granted for military service (a) from the 

inception of HI program through 1983 and (b) on a current basis, annually, beginning in 1984 

(see table 2.A2).

Participant Premiums

See also table 2.C1.

1965 SMI enrollee premium rate (originally $3 per month) to be established annually such as to 

pay one-half of program costs.

1972 SMI enrollee premium rate increase limited to rate of increase in OASDI cash benefits.

HI premium (originally $33 per month) to be established annually. Only individuals not 

otherwise entitled to HI but desiring voluntary participation need to pay the HI premium.

1983 SMI enrollee premiums for July 1983, to Dec. 31, 1983, frozen at premium level of June 30, 

1983. Premiums for Jan. 1, 1984, to Dec. 31, 1985, set to cover 25 percent of aged program 

costs.

1984 SMI enrollee premiums for Jan. 1, 1986, to Dec. 31, 1987, will be set to cover 25 percent of 

aged program costs. Increases in the SMI premium may not exceed the dollar amount of the 

Social Security cost-of-living adjustment.

For calculating the amount of SMI premium surcharge for individuals from age 65 up to age 

70 not previously enrolled in SMI, the number of years an individual did not enroll because of 

coverage by employer group health insurance will not be taken into account.

1985 Extends through calendar year 1988 the requirement that SMI premiums be set to cover 25 

percent of aged program costs and that increases in the SMI premium may not exceed the 

dollar amount of the Social Security cost-of-living adjustment. 

Premium-paying individuals who do not purchase Part A coverage within a specific time after 

becoming eligible because of age are subject to a 10-percent penalty for each 12 months 

they are late in enrolling. There is a cutoff on the length of time these individuals will have to 

pay an enrollment penalty. The 10-percent premium penalty would be limited to twice the 

number of years enrollment was delayed. Therefore, if enrollment were delayed 1 year, the 

penalty would be assessed for 2 years. Individuals in this category and already enrolled will 

have the length of time the higher premium was paid credited to them.

1987 Extends through calendar year 1989 the provisions requiring that the SMI premium be set to 

cover 25 percent of aged program costs, prohibiting any increase in the premium if there is 

no Social Security cost-of-living adjustment, and continuing to hold beneficiaries harmless 

from Social Security check reductions as a result of a premium increase.

1988 Increases in the SMI premium may not exceed the dollar amount of the Social Security costof-living adjustments for 1989 and beyond.
Medicare: History of Provisions

56 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

1989 Extends through calendar year 1990 the requirement that SMI premiums be set to cover 25 

percent of aged program costs.

1990 The SMI premium are $29.90 in 1991; $31.80 in 1992; $36.60 in 1993; $41.10 in 1994; and 

$46.10 in 1995. 

1993 SMI enrollee premiums for Jan. 1, 1996, to Dec. 31, 1998, will be set to cover 25 percent of 

aged program costs.

1997 The SMI premium is permanently set at 25 percent of program costs.

Income from Taxation of OASDI Benefits

1993 The additional income tax revenues resulting from the increase in the taxable percentage 

applicable to OASDI benefits (an increase from 50 percent to 85 percent, see table 2.A31) 

are transferred to the HI Trust Fund.

Interfund Borrowing

1981 See table 2.A6.

1983 See table 2.A6.

Contact: Rita L. DiSimone (202) 358-6221 for further information
Medicaid

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 57

Medicaid

The following summary of the Medicaid program is

intended for informational purposes only. It is not an official

statement of policy that can be relied upon in lieu of the

appropriate law, regulations, and rulings. This narrative is

not intended to render legal or other professional advice;

therefore, it should not be relied upon for making specific

legal decisions. Instead, the law, regulations, and rulings

should be consulted for purposes of making such decisions.

Overview 0

Title XIX of the Social Security Act is a federal/state

entitlement program that pays for medical assistance for

certain individuals and families with low incomes and

resources. This program, known as Medicaid, became law

in 1965 as a cooperative venture jointly funded by the federal and state governments (including the District of Columbia and the territories) to assist states in furnishing medical

assistance to eligible needy persons. Medicaid is the largest source of funding for medical and health-related services for America's poorest people.

Within broad national guidelines established by federal

statutes, regulations, and policies, each state (1) establishes its own eligibility standards; (2) determines the type,

amount, duration, and scope of services; (3) sets the rate of

payment for services; and (4) administers its own program.

Medicaid policies for eligibility, services, and payment are

complex and vary considerably, even among states of similar size or geographic proximity. Thus, a person who is eligible for Medicaid in one state may not be eligible in

another state, and the services provided by one state may

differ considerably in amount, duration, or scope from services provided in a similar or neighboring state. In addition,

state legislatures may change Medicaid eligibility and/or

services during the year. 

Basis of Eligibility and Maintenance

 Assistance Status

Medicaid does not provide medical assistance for all

poor persons. Under the broadest provisions of the federal

statute, Medicaid does not provide health care services

even for very poor persons unless they are in one of the

groups designated below. Low income is only one test for

Medicaid eligibility for those within these groups; their

resources also are tested against threshold levels (as

determined by each state within federal guidelines).

States generally have broad discretion in determining

which groups their Medicaid programs will cover and the

financial criteria for Medicaid eligibility. To be eligible for

federal funds, however, states are required to provide Medicaid coverage for certain individuals who receive federally

assisted income-maintenance payments, as well as for

related groups not receiving cash payments. In addition to

their Medicaid programs, most states have additional

"state-only" programs to provide medical assistance for

specified poor persons who do not qualify for Medicaid.

Federal funds are not provided for state-only programs.

The following enumerates the mandatory Medicaid "categorically needy" eligibility groups for which federal matching funds are provided: 0

• Individuals are generally eligible for Medicaid if they

meet the requirements for the Aid to Families with

Dependent Children (AFDC) program that were in

effect in their state on July 16, 1996, or—at state

option—more liberal criteria.

• Children under age 6 whose family income is at or

below 133 percent of the federal poverty level (FPL).

• Pregnant women whose family income is below 133

percent of the FPL (services to these women are limited to those related to pregnancy, complications of

pregnancy, delivery, and postpartum care).

• Supplemental Security Income (SSI) recipients in

most states (some states use more restrictive Medicaid eligibility requirements that pre-date SSI).

• Recipients of adoption or foster care assistance

under title IV of the Social Security Act.

• Special protected groups (typically individuals who

lose their cash assistance due to earnings from work

or from increased Social Security benefits, but who

may keep Medicaid for a period of time).

• All children born after September 30, 1983 who are

under age 19, in families with incomes at or below

the FPL (this process phases in coverage, so that by

the year 2002 all such poor children under age 19 will

be covered).

• Certain Medicare beneficiaries (described later).

States also have the option of providing Medicaid coverage for other "categorically related" groups. These

optional groups share characteristics of the mandatory

groups (that is, they fall within defined categories), but the

eligibility criteria are somewhat more liberally defined. The

broadest optional groups for which states will receive federal matching funds for coverage under the Medicaid program include the following: 0

• Infants up to age 1 and pregnant women not covered

under the mandatory rules whose family income is no

more than 185 percent of the FPL (the percentage

amount is set by each state).

• Children under age 21 who meet the AFDC income

and resources requirements that were in effect in

their state on July 16, 1996.
Medicaid

58 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

• Institutionalized individuals eligible under a "special

income level" (the amount is set by each state—up to

300 percent of the SSI federal benefit rate).

• Individuals who would be eligible if institutionalized,

but who are receiving care under home and community-based services waivers.

• Certain aged, blind, or disabled adults who have

incomes above those requiring mandatory coverage,

but below the FPL.

• Recipients of state supplementary income payments.

• Certain working-and-disabled persons with family

income less than 250 percent of the FPL who would

qualify for SSI if they did not work. 

• TB-infected persons who would be financially eligible

for Medicaid at the SSI income level if they were

within a Medicaid-covered category (however, coverage is limited to TB-related ambulatory services and

TB drugs).

• "Optional targeted low-income children" included

within the State Children's Health Insurance Program

(SCHIP) established by the Balanced Budget Act

(BBA) of 1997 (Public Law 105-33).

• "Medically needy" persons (described below).

The medically needy (MN) option allows states to

extend Medicaid eligibility to additional persons. These persons would be eligible for Medicaid under one of the mandatory or optional groups, except that their income and/or

resources are above the eligibility level set by their state.

Persons may qualify immediately or may "spend down" by

incurring medical expenses that reduce their income to or

below their state's MN income level.

Medicaid eligibility and benefit provisions for the medically needy do not have to be as extensive as for the categorically needy, and may be quite restrictive. Federal

matching funds are available for MN programs. However, if

a state elects to have a MN program, there are federal

requirements that certain groups and certain services must

be included; that is, children under age 19 and pregnant

women who are medically needy must be covered, and

prenatal and delivery care for pregnant women, as well as

ambulatory care for children, must be provided. A state

may elect to provide MN eligibility to certain additional

groups and may elect to provide certain additional services

within its MN program. Currently, 38 states have elected to

have a MN program and are providing at least some MN

services to at least some MN recipients. All remaining

states utilize the "special income level" option to extend

Medicaid to the "near poor" in medical institutional settings.

The Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity

Reconciliation Act of 1996 (Public Law 104-193)—known

as the "welfare reform" bill—made restrictive changes

regarding eligibility for SSI coverage that impacted the

Medicaid program. For example, legal resident aliens and

other qualified aliens who entered the United States on or

after August 22, 1996 are ineligible for Medicaid for 5

years. Medicaid coverage for most aliens entering before

that date and coverage for those eligible after the 5-year

ban are state options; emergency services, however, are

mandatory for both of these alien coverage groups. For

aliens who lose SSI benefits because of the new restrictions regarding SSI coverage, Medicaid can continue only if

these persons can be covered for Medicaid under some

other eligibility status (again with the exception of emergency services, which are mandatory). Public Law 104-193

also affected a number of disabled children, who lost SSI

as a result of the restrictive changes; however, their eligibility for Medicaid was reinstituted by Public Law 105-33, the

BBA. 

In addition, welfare reform repealed the open-ended

federal entitlement program known as Aid to Families with

Dependent Children (AFDC) and replaced it with Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF), which provides

states with grants to be spent on time-limited cash assistance. TANF generally limits a family's lifetime cash welfare

benefits to a maximum of 5 years and permits states to

impose a wide range of other requirements as well—in particular, those related to employment. However, the impact

on Medicaid eligibility is not expected to be significant.

Under welfare reform, persons who would have been eligible for AFDC under the AFDC requirements in effect on

July 16, 1996 generally will still be eligible for Medicaid.

Although most persons covered by TANF will receive Medicaid, it is not required by law.

Title XXI of the Social Security Act, known as the State

Children's Health Insurance Program (SCHIP), is a new

program initiated by the BBA. In addition to allowing states

to craft or expand an existing state insurance program,

SCHIP provides more federal funds for states to expand

Medicaid eligibility to include a greater number of children

who are currently uninsured. With certain exceptions, these

are low-income children who would not qualify for Medicaid

based on the plan that was in effect on April 15, 1997.

Funds from SCHIP also may be used to provide medical

assistance to children during a presumptive eligibility

period for Medicaid. This is one of several options from

which states may select to provide health care coverage for

more children, as prescribed within the BBA's Title XXI program.

Medicaid coverage may begin as early as the third

month prior to application—if the person would have been

eligible for Medicaid had he or she applied during that time.

Medicaid coverage generally stops at the end of the month

in which a person no longer meets the criteria of any Medicaid eligibility group. The BBA allows states to provide 12

months of continuous Medicaid coverage (without reevaluation) for eligible children under the age of 19.

The Ticket to Work and Work Incentives Improvement

Act of 1999 (Public Law 106-170) provides or continues
Medicaid

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 59

Medicaid coverage to certain disabled beneficiaries who

work despite their impairment. Those with higher incomes

may pay a sliding scale premium based on income.

Scope of Medicaid Services

Title XIX of the Social Security Act allows considerable

flexibility within the states' Medicaid plans. However, some

federal requirements are mandatory if federal matching

funds are to be received. A state's Medicaid program must

offer medical assistance for certain basic services to most

categorically needy populations. These services generally

include the following: 0

• Inpatient hospital services.

• Outpatient hospital services.

• Prenatal care. 

• Vaccines for children.

• Physician services.

• Nursing facility services for persons aged 21 or older.

• Family planning services and supplies.

• Rural health clinic services.

• Home health care for persons eligible for skillednursing services.

• Laboratory and x-ray services. 

• Pediatric and family nurse practitioner services.

• Nurse-midwife services.

• Federally qualified health-center (FQHC) services,

and ambulatory services of an FQHC that would be

available in other settings.

• Early and periodic screening, diagnostic, and treatment (EPSDT) services for children under age 21.

States may also receive federal matching funds to provide certain optional services. Following are the most common of the 34 currently approved optional Medicaid

services: 0

• Diagnostic services.

• Clinic services.

• Intermediate care facilities for the mentally retarded

(ICFs/MR).

• Prescribed drugs and prosthetic devices.

• Optometrist services and eyeglasses.

• Nursing facility services for children under age 21.

• Transportation services. 

• Rehabilitation and physical therapy services.

• Home and community-based care to certain persons

with chronic impairments.

The BBA included a state option known as programs of

all-inclusive care for the elderly (PACE). PACE provides an

alternative to institutional care for persons aged 55 or older

who require a nursing facility level of care. The PACE team

offers and manages all health, medical, and social services

and mobilizes other services as needed to provide preventative, rehabilitative, curative, and supportive care. This

care, provided in day health centers, homes, hospitals, and

nursing homes, helps the person maintain independence,

dignity, and quality of life. PACE functions within the Medicare program as well. Regardless of source of payment,

PACE providers receive payment only through the PACE

agreement and must make available all items and services

covered under both titles XVIII and XIX, without amount,

duration, or scope limitations and without application of any

deductibles, copayments, or other cost sharing. The individuals enrolled in PACE receive benefits solely through

the PACE program.

Amount and Duration of Services

Within broad federal guidelines and certain limitations,

states determine the amount and duration of services

offered under their Medicaid programs. States may limit, for

example, the number of days of hospital care or the number of physician visits covered. Two restrictions apply: (1)

limits must result in a sufficient level of services to reasonably achieve the purpose of the benefits; and (2) limits on

benefits may not discriminate among beneficiaries based

on medical diagnosis or condition.

In general, states are required to provide comparable

amounts, duration, and scope of services to all categorically needy and categorically related eligible persons.

There are two important exceptions: (1) Medically necessary health care services that are identified under the

EPSDT program for eligible children, and that are within the

scope of mandatory or optional services under federal law,

must be covered even if those services are not included as

part of the covered services in that state's plan; and (2)

states may request "waivers" to pay for otherwise uncovered home and community-based services (HCBS) for

Medicaid-eligible persons who might otherwise be institutionalized. As long as the services are cost effective, states

have few limitations on the services that may be covered

under these waivers (except that, other than as a part of

respite care, states may not provide room and board for the

recipients). With certain exceptions, a state's Medicaid program must allow recipients to have some informed choices

among participating providers of health care and to receive

quality care that is appropriate and timely.

Payment for Services

Medicaid operates as a vendor payment program.

States may pay health care providers directly on a fee-forservice basis, or states may pay for Medicaid services

through various prepayment arrangements, such as health

maintenance organizations (HMOs). Within federally

imposed upper limits and specific restrictions, each state

for the most part has broad discretion in determining the

payment methodology and payment rate for services. Gen-
Medicaid

60 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

erally, payment rates must be sufficient to enlist enough

providers so that covered services are available at least to

the extent that comparable care and services are available

to the general population within that geographic area. Providers participating in Medicaid must accept Medicaid payment rates as payment in full. States must make additional

payments to qualified hospitals that provide inpatient services to a disproportionate number of Medicaid recipients

and/or to other low-income or uninsured persons under

what is known as the "disproportionate share hospital"

(DSH) adjustment. During 1988–1991, excessive and inappropriate use of the DSH adjustment resulted in rapidly

increasing federal expenditures for Medicaid. However,

under legislation passed in 1991, 1993, and again within

the BBA of 1997, the federal share of payments to disproportionate share hospitals has become increasingly limited.

States may impose nominal deductibles, coinsurance,

or copayments on some Medicaid recipients for certain services. The following Medicaid recipients, however, must be

excluded from cost sharing: pregnant women, children

under age 18, and hospital or nursing home patients who

are expected to contribute most of their income to institutional care. In addition, all Medicaid recipients must be

exempt from copayments for emergency services and family planning services.

The federal government pays a share of the medical

assistance expenditures under each state's Medicaid program. That share, known as the federal medical assistance

percentage (FMAP), is determined annually by a formula

that compares the state's average per capita income level

with the national income average. States with a higher per

capita income level are reimbursed a smaller share of their

costs. By law, the FMAP cannot be lower than 50 percent

or higher than 83 percent. In 2001, the FMAPs varied from

50 percent in 10 states to 76.82 percent in Mississippi, and

averaged 57 percent overall. The BBA also permanently

raised the FMAP for the District of Columbia from 50 percent to 70 percent and raised the FMAP for Alaska from 50

percent to 59.8 percent through 2000. The Medicare, Medicaid, and SCHIP Benefits Improvement and Protection Act

(BIPA) of 2000 (Public Law 106-554) further adjusted

Alaska's FMAP to a higher level for 2001–2005. For the

children added to Medicaid through the SCHIP program,

the FMAP average for all states is about 70 percent, compared to the general Medicaid average of 57 percent.

The federal government also reimburses states for 100

percent of the cost of services provided through facilities of

the Indian Health Service, provides financial help to the 12

states that furnish the highest number of emergency services to undocumented aliens, and shares in each state's

expenditures for the administration of the Medicaid program. Most administrative costs are matched at 50 percent,

although higher percentages are paid for certain activities

and functions, such as development of mechanized claims

processing systems.

Except for the SCHIP program, the Qualifying Individuals (QI) program (described later), and DSH payments, federal payments to states for medical assistance have no set

limit (cap). Rather, the federal government matches (at

FMAP rates) state expenditures for the mandatory services, as well as for the optional services that the individual

state decides to cover for eligible recipients, and matches

(at the appropriate administrative rate) all necessary and

proper administrative costs. The Medicare, Medicaid, and

SCHIP Balanced Budget Refinement Act of 1999 (as incorporated into Public Law 106-113, the appropriations bill for

the District of Columbia for fiscal year 2000) increased the

amount that certain states and the territories can spend on

DSH and SCHIP payments, respectively. The BIPA set

upper payment limits for inpatient and outpatient services

provided by certain types of facilities.

Summary and Trends

Medicaid was initially formulated as a medical care

extension of federally funded programs providing cash

income assistance for the poor, with an emphasis on

dependent children and their mothers, the disabled, and

the elderly. Over the years, however, Medicaid eligibility

has been incrementally expanded beyond its original ties

with eligibility for cash programs. Legislation in the late

1980s assured Medicaid coverage to an expanded number

of low-income pregnant women, poor children, and to some

Medicare beneficiaries who are not eligible for any cash

assistance program. Legislative changes also focused on

increased access, better quality of care, specific benefits,

enhanced outreach programs, and fewer limits on services. 

In most years since its inception, Medicaid has had

very rapid growth in expenditures, although the rate of

increase has subsided somewhat recently. This rapid

growth in Medicaid expenditures has been due primarily to

the following factors: 0

• The increase in size of the Medicaid-covered populations as a result of federal mandates, population

growth, and the earlier economic recession. In recent

years Medicaid enrollment has declined somewhat.

• The expanded coverage and utilization of services.

• The DSH payment program, coupled with its inappropriate use to increase federal payments to states.

• The increase in the number of very old and disabled

persons requiring extensive acute and/or long-term

health care and various related services. 

• The results of technological advances to keep a

greater number of very low-birth-weight babies and

other critically ill or severely injured persons alive and

in need of continued extensive and very costly care.

• The increase in payment rates to providers of health

care services, when compared to general inflation.
Medicaid

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 61

As with all health insurance programs, most Medicaid

recipients require relatively small average expenditures per

person each year, and a relatively small proportion incurs

very large costs. Moreover, the average cost varies substantially by type of beneficiary. The data for 1998, for

example, indicate that Medicaid payments for services for

20.6 million children, who constitute 51 percent of all Medicaid recipients, average about $1,150 per child (a relatively

small average expenditure per person). Similarly, for 8.6

million adults, who comprise 21 percent of recipients, payments average about $1,775 per person. However, certain

other specific groups have much larger per-person expenditures. Medicaid payments for services for 4 million aged,

constituting 11 percent of all Medicaid recipients, average

about $9,700 per person; for 7.2 million disabled, who comprise 18 percent of recipients, payments average about

$8,600 per person. When expenditures for these high- and

lower-cost recipients are combined, the 1998 payments to

health care vendors for 40.6 million Medicaid recipients

average $3,500 per person.

Long-term care is an important provision of Medicaid

that will be increasingly utilized as our nation's population

ages. The Medicaid program has paid for almost 45 percent of the total cost of care for persons using nursing facility or home health services in recent years. However, for

those persons who use more than 4 months of this longterm care, Medicaid pays for a much larger percentage.

The data for 1998 show that Medicaid payments for nursing

facility services (excluding ICFs/MR) and home health care

totaled $41.3 billion for more than 3.3 million recipients of

these services—an average 1998 expenditure of $12,375

per long-term care recipient. With the percentage of our

population who are elderly or disabled increasing faster

than that of the younger groups, the need for long-term

care is expected to increase.

Another significant development in Medicaid is the

growth in managed care as an alternative service delivery

concept different from the traditional fee-for-service system. Under managed care systems, HMOs, prepaid health

plans, or comparable entities agree to provide a specific set

of services to Medicaid enrollees, usually in return for a

predetermined periodic payment per enrollee. Managed

care programs seek to enhance access to quality care in a

cost-effective manner. Waivers may provide the states with

greater flexibility in the design and implementation of their

Medicaid managed care programs. Waiver authority under

sections 1915(b) and 1115 of the Social Security Act is an

important part of the Medicaid program. Section 1915(b)

waivers allow states to develop innovative health care

delivery or reimbursement systems. Section 1115 waivers

allow statewide health care reform experimental demonstrations to cover uninsured populations and to test new

delivery systems without increasing costs. Finally, the BBA

provided states a new option to use managed care. The

number of Medicaid beneficiaries enrolled in some form of

managed care program is growing rapidly, from 14 percent

of enrollees in 1993 to 54 percent in 1998.

Medicaid data as reported by the states indicate that

more than 41.0 million persons received health care services through the Medicaid program in 1999 (the last year

for which recipient data are available). Total outlays for the

Medicaid program in 2000 included direct payment to providers of $146.4 billion, payments for various premiums (for

HMOs, Medicare, etc.) of $33.9 billion, payments to the disproportionate share hospitals of $14.4 billion, and administrative costs of $10.6 billion. 

The total expenditure for the nation's Medicaid program

in 2000, excluding administrative costs, was $194.7 billion

($111.1 billion in federal and $83.6 billion in state funds).

With anticipated impacts from the BBA, projections now are

that total Medicaid outlays may be $334.9 billion in fiscal

year 2006, with an additional $4.3 billion expected to be

spent for the new SCHIP. 

Medicaid-Medicare Relationship

Medicare beneficiaries who have low incomes and limited resources may also receive help from the Medicaid

program. For such persons who are eligible for full Medicaid coverage, the Medicare health care coverage is supplemented by services that are available under their state's

Medicaid program, according to eligibility category. These

additional services may include, for example, nursing facility care beyond the 100-day limit covered by Medicare, prescription drugs, eyeglasses, and hearing aids. For persons

enrolled in both programs, any services that are covered by

Medicare are paid for by the Medicare program before any

payments are made by the Medicaid program, since Medicaid is always the "payer of last resort."

Certain other Medicare beneficiaries may receive help

with Medicare premium and cost-sharing payments through

their state Medicaid program. Qualified Medicare beneficiaries (QMBs) and specified low-Income Medicare beneficiaries (SLMBs) are the best-known categories and the

largest in numbers. QMBs are those Medicare beneficiaries

who have resources at or below twice the standard allowed

under the SSI program, and incomes at or below 100 percent of the FPL. For QMBs, Medicaid pays the Hospital

Insurance (HI) and Supplementary Medical Insurance

(SMI) premiums and the Medicare coinsurance and

deductibles, subject to limits that states may impose on

payment rates. SLMBs are Medicare beneficiaries with

resources like the QMBs, but with incomes that are higher,

though still less than 120 percent of the FPL. For SLMBs,

the Medicaid program pays only the SMI premiums. A third

category of Medicare beneficiaries who may receive help

consists of disabled-and-working individuals. According to

the Medicare law, disabled-and-working individuals who

previously qualified for Medicare because of disability, but

who lost entitlement because of their return to work

(despite the disability), are allowed to purchase Medicare
Medicaid

62 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

HI and SMI coverage. If these persons have incomes

below 200 percent of the FPL but do not meet any other

Medicaid assistance category, they may qualify to have

Medicaid pay their HI premiums as qualified disabled and

working individuals (QDWIs). According to CMS estimates,

Medicaid currently provides some level of supplemental

health coverage for 5 million Medicare beneficiaries within

the above three categories. 

For Medicare beneficiaries with incomes that are

above 120 percent and less than 175 percent of the FPL,

the BBA establishes a capped allocation to states, for each

of the 5 years beginning January 1998, for payment of all or

some of the Medicare SMI premiums. These beneficiaries

are known as qualifying individuals (QIs). Unlike QMBs and

SLMBs, who may be eligible for other Medicaid benefits in

addition to their QMB/SLMB benefits, the QIs cannot be

otherwise eligible for medical assistance under a state

plan. The payment of this QI benefit is 100 percent federally funded, up to the state's allocation. 0

Note: Medicaid data are based on the projections of the

Midsession Review of the President's Fiscal Year 2002

Budget and are consistent with data received from the

states on the Forms HCFA-2082, HCFA-37, and HCFA-64.

Contact: Earl Dirk Hoffman, Jr. (410) 786-7913 for further information
Unemployment Insurance

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 63

Unemployment Insurance

Through federal and state cooperation, unemployment

insurance programs are designed to provide benefits to

regularly employed members of the labor force who

become involuntarily unemployed and who are able and

willing to accept suitable employment. Workers in all 50

states, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, and the Virgin

Islands are covered under unemployment insurance programs.

 To induce states to enact unemployment insurance

laws, the Social Security Act of 1935 provided a tax offset

incentive. A uniform national tax was imposed on payrolls

of industrial and commercial employers who employed

eight or more workers in 20 or more weeks in a calendar

year. Employers who paid taxes to a state with an approved

unemployment insurance law could credit (offset) up to 90

percent of the state tax against the federal tax. This insured

that employers in states without an unemployment insurance law would not have an advantage competing with

similar businesses in states with such a law because they

would still be subject to the federal payroll tax, and their

employees would not be eligible for benefits.

In addition, the Social Security Act authorized grants to

states to meet the costs of administering the state systems.

By July 1937, all 48 states, the then territories of Alaska

and Hawaii, and the District of Columbia had passed unemployment insurance laws. Later, Puerto Rico adopted its

own unemployment insurance program, which was incorporated in 1961 into the federal-state system. A similar program for workers in the Virgin Islands was added in 1978.

If employers are to receive an offset against federal

taxes and if states are to receive federal grants for administration, federal law requires state unemployment insurance

programs to meet certain requirements. These requirements are intended to assure that a state participating in

the program has an unemployment insurance system that

is fairly administered and financially secure.

One requirement is that all contributions collected

under state laws be deposited in the unemployment trust

fund of the U.S. Treasury Department. The fund is invested

as a whole, but each state has a separate account to which

its deposits and its share of interest on investments are

credited. At any time, a state may withdraw money from its

account in the trust fund, but only to pay benefits. Thus,

unlike the situation in the majority of states having workers'

compensation and temporary disability insurance laws,

unemployment insurance benefits are paid exclusively

through a public fund. Private plans cannot be substituted

for the state plan.

Aside from federal standards, each state has major

responsibility for the content and development of its unemployment insurance law. The state itself decides the

amount and duration of benefits (except for certain federal

requirements concerning Federal-State Extended Benefits), the contribution rates (with limitations), and, in general, the eligibility requirements and disqualification

provisions. The states also directly administer the programs-collecting contributions, maintaining wage records

(where applicable), taking claims, determining eligibility,

and paying benefits to unemployed workers.

Coverage

Originally, coverage had been limited to employment

covered by the Federal Unemployment Tax Act (FUTA),

which relates primarily to industrial and commercial workers in private industry. However, several federal laws added

substantially to the number and types of workers protected

under the state programs, such as the Employment Security Amendments of 1970 and the Unemployment Compensation Amendments of 1976.

Private employers in industry and commerce are subject to the law if they have one or more individuals

employed on 1 day in each of 20 weeks during the current

or preceding year, or if they paid wages of $1,500 or more

during any calendar quarter in the current or preceding

year.

Agricultural workers are covered on farms with a quarterly payroll of at least $20,000 or employing 10 or more

employees in 20 weeks of the year. Domestic employees in

private households are subject to FUTA if their employer

pays wages of $1,000 or more in a calendar quarter.

Excluded from coverage are workers employed by their

families and the self-employed.

Before 1976, employment in state and local governments and nonprofit organizations were exempt from

FUTA. However, as a result of federal legislation enacted in

1976, most employment in these groups must now be covered by state law as a condition for securing federal

approval of the state law. Under this form of coverage, local

government and nonprofit employers have the option of

making contributions as under FUTA or of reimbursing the

state for benefit expenditures actually made. Elected officials, legislators, members of the judiciary, and the state

National Guard are still excluded, as are employees of nonprofit organizations that employ fewer than four workers in

20 weeks in the current or preceding calendar year. Many

states have extended coverage beyond that provided by

federal legislation. 

Through special federal legislation, federal civilian

employees and ex-servicemembers of the Armed Forces

were brought under the unemployment insurance system.

Benefits for these persons are financed through federal

funds but are administered by the states and paid in accordance with the provisions of the state laws. A separate

unemployment insurance law enacted by Congress covers

railroad workers.
Unemployment Insurance

64 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Eligibility for Benefits

Unemployment benefits are available as a matter of

right (without a means test) to unemployed workers who

have demonstrated their attachment to the labor force by a

specified amount of recent work and/or earnings in covered

employment. All workers whose employers contribute to or

make payments in lieu of contributions to state unemployment funds, federal civilian employees, and ex-servicemembers are eligible if they are involuntarily unemployed,

able to work, available for work, and actively seeking work.

Workers must also meet the eligibility and qualifying

requirements of the state law and be free from disqualifications. Workers who meet these eligibility conditions may

still be denied benefits if they are found to be responsible

for their own unemployment.

Work Requirements

A worker's monetary benefit rights are based on his or

her employment in covered work over a prior reference

period called the "base period," and these benefit rights

remain fixed for a "benefit year." In most states, the base

period is the first 4 quarters of the last 5 completed calendar quarters preceding the claim for unemployment benefits.

Benefits

Under all state laws, the weekly benefit amount-that is,

the amount payable for a week of total unemployment-varies with the worker's past wages within certain minimum

and maximum limits. In most states, the formula is

designed to compensate for a fraction of the usual weekly

wage, normally about 50 percent, subject to specified dollar

maximums.

Three-fourths of the laws use a formula that computes

weekly benefits as a fraction of wages in one or more quarters of the base period. Most commonly, the fraction is

taken of wages in the quarter during which wages were

highest because this quarter most nearly reflects full-time

work. In most of these states, the same fraction is used at

all benefit levels. The other laws use a weighted schedule

that gives a greater proportion of the high-quarter wages to

lower paid workers than to those earning more.

Each state establishes a ceiling on the weekly benefit

amount and no worker may receive an amount larger than

the ceiling. The maximum may be either a fixed dollar

amount or a flexible amount. Under the latter arrangement,

which has been adopted in 35 jurisdictions, the maximum is

adjusted automatically in accordance with the weekly

wages of covered employees.

Twelve states provide additional allowances for certain

dependents. They all include children under ages 16, 18, or

19 (and, generally, older if incapacitated); 8 states include a

nonworking spouse; and 2 states consider other dependent

relatives. The amount allowed per dependent varies considerably by state but generally is $24 or less per week

and, in the majority of states, the amount is the same for

each dependent.

All but 7 states require a waiting period of 1 week of

total unemployment before benefits can begin. Three states

pay benefits retroactively for the waiting period if unemployment lasts a certain period or if the employee returns to

work within a specified period.

Except for two jurisdictions, states provide a statutory

maximum duration of 26 weeks of benefits in a benefit year.

However, jurisdictions vary the duration of benefits through

various formulas.

Extended Benefits

In the 1970s, a permanent federal-state program of

Extended Benefits (EB) was established for workers who

exhaust their entitlement to regular state benefits during

periods of high unemployment. The program is financed

equally from federal and state funds. Employment conditions in an individual state trigger Extended Benefits. This

happens when the unemployment rate among insured

workers in a state averages 5 percent or more over a 13-

week period, and is at least 20 percent higher than the rate

for the same period in the 2 preceding years. If the insured

unemployment rate reaches 6 percent, a state may by state

law disregard the 20-percent requirement in initiating

Extended Benefits. Once triggered, Extended Benefit provisions remain in effect for at least 13 weeks. When a state's

benefit period ends, Extended Benefits to individual workers also end, even if they have received less than their

potential entitlement and are still unemployed. Further,

once a state's benefit period ends, another statewide

period cannot begin for at least 13 weeks.

State law determines most eligibility conditions for

Extended Benefits and the weekly benefit payable. However, under federal law a claimant applying for Extended

Benefits must have had 20 weeks in full-time employment

(or the equivalent in insured wages) and must meet special

work requirements. A worker who has exhausted his or her

regular benefits is eligible for a 50-percent increase in duration of benefits for a maximum of 13 weeks of Extended

Benefits. There is, however, an overall maximum of 39

weeks of regular and Extended Benefits. Extended Benefits are payable at the same rate as the weekly amount

under the regular state program.

Prior to the 1992 legislation, the EB program was

based on the insured unemployment rate (IUR)–the number of unemployed workers receiving benefits in a state as

a percent of the number of persons in unemployment-insurance covered employment in that state. By definition, the

IUR does not include workers who have exhausted their

benefits but are still unemployed.

The 1992 legislation (P.L. 102-318) provided states the

option of adopting an additional formula for triggering the
Unemployment Insurance

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 65

permanent Extended Benefits program. Effective March

1993, states had the option of amending their laws to use

alternative total unemployment rate triggers in addition to

the current insured unemployment rate triggers. Under this

option, Extended Benefits would be paid when: (1) the

state's seasonally adjusted total unemployment rate for the

most recent 3 months is at least 6.5 percent, and (2) that

rate is at least 110 percent of the state average total unemployment rate in the corresponding 3-month period in either

of the 2 preceding years.

States triggering on to the Extended Benefits program

under other triggers would provide the regular 26 weeks of

unemployment benefits in addition to 13 weeks of

Extended Benefits, (which is the same number of weeks of

benefits provided previously). In addition, states that have

chosen the total unemployment rate option will also amend

their state laws to add an additional 7 weeks of Extended

Benefits (for a total of 20 weeks) where the total unemployment rate is at least 8 percent and is 110 percent of the

state's total unemployment rate for the same 3 months in

either of the 2 preceding years. As of March 4, 2001,

Extended Benefits were payable for 13 weeks in Alaska

based on the insured unemployment rate.

CONTACT: Rita L. DiSimone (202) 358-6221 for further information.
Workers' Compensation

66 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Workers' Compensation

Workers’ compensation provides cash benefits and

medical care when employees suffer work-related injuries

or illnesses, and survivor benefits to the dependents of

workers whose deaths result from a work-related incident.

In exchange for receiving benefits, workers who receive

workers' compensation are generally not allowed to bring a

tort suit against their employers for damages of any kind.

Workers' compensation was the first form of social

insurance to develop widely in the United States. The federal government was the first to establish a workers' compensation program, covering its civilian employees with an

act that was passed in 1908 to provide benefits for workers

engaged in hazardous work. The remaining federal workforce was covered in 1916. Nine states enacted workers'

compensation laws in 1911. By 1920, all but 7 states and

the District of Columbia had workers' compensation laws.

Today each of the 50 states, the District of Columbia,

Puerto Rico, and the Virgin Islands has its own program.

The federal government covers its employees through its

own program, and it also administers the Longshore and

Harbor Workers' Compensation Act, enacted in 1927,

which covers longshore and harbor workers throughout the

United States. 

Coal miners suffering from pneumoconiosis, or "black

lung" disease, are covered by the Black Lung Benefits Act

of 1972, with the initial benefits enacted as part of the Coal

Mine Health and Safety Act of 1969. Under this program,

monthly cash benefits are payable to miners disabled by

black lung disease and to their dependents or survivors.

Medical benefits are also payable on the basis of a diagnosis of pneumoconiosis.

The Energy Employees Occupational Illness Compensation Program Act of 2000 instituted a new program that

covers employees, contractors, and sub-contractors of the

U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) for exposure to beryllium

and the contraction of chronic beryllium disease. In addition, employees of private companies providing beryllium to

DOE are covered. Employees' survivors also receive cash

benefits.

This same act also covers employees disabled or killed

by cancers that developed after beginning employment at a

DOE or an atomic weapons facility, as long as the cancer

was at least "as likely as not" related to this employment,

subject to a number of guidelines relating to radiation exposure, type of cancer, and other relevant factors. It also provides benefits for silica-related diseases and to uranium

miners and their survivors who have received lump sum

payments under the Radiation Exposure Compensation

Act, and establishes an Office of Worker Advocacy in the

DOE to deal with other claims of work-related occupational

disease.

Coverage

In 1999, state and federal workers' compensation laws

covered about 123.9 million employees. Covered payroll in

1999—that is, total wages paid to covered workers—was

$4.1 trillion.

Common exemptions from coverage are domestic service, agricultural employment, small employers, and casual

labor. However, 39 programs have some coverage for agricultural workers, and 25 programs have some coverage for

domestic workers. Many programs exempt employees of

nonprofit, charitable, or religious institutions. The coverage

of state and local public employees differs widely from one

state program to another.

Two other major groups outside the coverage of workers' compensation laws are railroad employees engaged in

interstate commerce and seamen in the U.S. Merchant

Marine. These workers have health insurance and shortterm and long-term cash benefit plans that cover disabilities whether or not the conditions are work-related. In addition, under federal laws these workers retain the right to

bring tort suits against their employers for negligence in the

case of work-related injuries or illness. 

The programs are compulsory for most private employment, except in Texas, where it is elective. That is, in Texas

employers may accept or reject coverage under the law. If

they reject it, they lose the customary common-law

defenses against suits by employees in private industry.

Benefits

The benefits provided under workers' compensation

include periodic cash payments and medical services to the

worker during the period of disablement for the disabling

condition. They also include death and funeral benefits to

the workers' survivors. Lump-sum settlements are permitted under most programs.

Approximately three-fourths of all worker's compensation cases involve only medical benefits. Cash wage

replacement benefits are categorized according to the

duration and severity of the worker's disability. 

Temporary and Permanent Total Disability

A large majority of compensation cases involving cash

payments involve temporary total disability. That is, the

employee is unable to work at all while he or she is recovering from the injury but the worker is expected to recover.

When workers' lost time exceeds the waiting period (3 to 7

days, depending on the state) they receive a percentage of

their weekly wages—typically two-thirds—up to a maximum weekly amount. The maximum generally is set at

some percentage of the state’s average weekly wage,

ranging from 66-2/3 percent to 200 percent, but typically

100 percent. 
Workers' Compensation

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 67

In some cases, workers return to work prior to the date

they reach maximum medical improvement and thus have

reduced responsibilities and an accompanying lower salary. In those cases, they receive temporary partial disability

benefits.

After the date of maximum medical improvement, if a

disability is severe enough, the worker receives permanent

total disability benefits. Very few workers compensation

cases are found to have permanent total disabilities.

Permanent Partial Disability

If the permanent disability of a worker is only partial

and may or may not lessen work ability, permanent partial

disability benefits are payable. The system for determining

benefits in these cases is very complex and varies significantly across jurisdictions. Some states provide benefits

based on an impairment rating process. The level of impairment, often expressed as a percent of total disability, is

used to determine the benefit amount. Some states provide

benefits based on the loss of earning capacity. They use

impairment ratings with modifications based on vocational

factors, such as the worker's education, job experience,

and age. Other states use systems that attempt to compensate workers for actual lost wages.

Death Benefits

Generally, compensation is related to earnings and to

the number of dependents payable to the survivors of workers who die from a work related illness or injury. Benefits

are capped in 26 states.

Medical Benefits

All compensation acts require that medical aid be furnished to workers suffering from a work-related injury or illness without delay, whether or not the condition entails

work interruption. This care includes first-aid treatment,

physician services, surgical and hospital services, nursing,

medical drugs and supplies, appliances, and prosthetic

devices. Care is typically provided with no co-payment from

the worker.

A few state laws contain provisions for nominal contributions by the covered employee for hospital and medical

benefits.

Financing

Workers' compensation programs are financed almost

exclusively by employers and are based on the principle

that the cost of work-related accidents is a business

expense. Depending on state laws, employers can purchase insurance from a private carrier or state fund, or they

can self-insure. No program relies on general taxing power

to finance workers' compensation. Employers in most programs are permitted to carry insurance against work accidents with commercial insurance companies or to qualify

as self-insurers by giving proof of financial ability to carry

their own risk. In seven jurisdictions, however, commercial

insurance is not allowed. In four of these areas, including

Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands, employers must insure

with an exclusive state fund, and in three others, they must

either insure with an exclusive state insurance fund or selfinsure. In 19 jurisdictions, state funds have been established that compete with private insurance carriers. Federal

employees are provided protection through a federally

financed and operated system. 

Workers' Compensation

 Program Summary

Benefit payments under workers' compensation programs increased 2.5 percent in 1999 to $43.4, from the

1998 figure of $42.3 billion. As a percentage of covered

wages, however, benefits fell 3.9 percent from 1.09 to 1.05. 

In 1999, medical benefits accounted for $18.0 billion,

and wage loss compensation $25.3 billion. The latter

amount includes payments to disabled workers and the

survivors of deceased workers.

The $43.4 billion for workers' compensation benefit

payments in 1999 includes nearly $1 billion in benefits for

the Black Lung program. This program is described separately (see tables 9.B1–9.B3).

The employers' cost of providing workers' compensation coverage generally varies according to risk, industrial

classification, and experience rating. Nationally, in 1999,

such costs were approximately 1.29 percent of covered

payroll, or about $430 for each of the 123.9 million protected employees. 

The year 1999 is the seventh in a row that benefits relative to covered wages declined. It is the sixth consecutive

year that employer costs declined relative to covered

wages. Benefits as a percentage of wages peaked in 1992

at 1.69 percent. Employer costs peaked in 1993 at 2.17

percent of covered wages.
Temporary Disability Insurance

68 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Temporary Disability Insurance

Five states, Puerto Rico, and the railroad industry have 

social insurance programs that partially compensate for the 

loss of wages caused by temporary nonoccupational 

disability or maternity. These programs are known as 

temporary disability insurance (TDI) because the duration 

of the payments is limited.

Federal law does not provide for a federal-state system 

of short–term disability comparable to the federal-state 

system of unemployment insurance. However, the Federal 

Unemployment Tax Act (FUTA) was amended in 1946 to 

permit states where employees made contributions under 

the unemployment insurance program to use some or all of 

these contributions for the payment of disability benefits 

(but not for administration). Three of the nine states that 

could have benefited by this provision for initial funding for 

temporary disability insurance took advantage of it: 

California, New Jersey, and Rhode Island. The first state 

law was enacted by Rhode Island in 1942, followed by 

legislation in California and the railroad industry in 1946. 

New Jersey in 1948, and New York in 1949. Then came a 

hiatus of two decades before Puerto Rico and Hawaii 

passed laws in 1968 and 1969, respectively.

The five state temporary disability insurance laws and 

the Puerto Rico law cover most commercial and industrial 

wage-and-salary workers in private employment if the 

employer has at least one worker. In no state is coverage 

under TDI identical with that of the unemployment 

insurance program. Principal occupational groups excluded 

are domestic workers, family workers (parent, child, or 

spouse of the employer), government employees, and the 

self-employed. State and local government employees are 

included in Hawaii, and the other state programs generally 

provide elective coverage for some or all-public employees.

Agricultural workers are covered to varying degrees in 

California, Hawaii, New Jersey, and Puerto Rico, but they 

are not covered in other jurisdictions. The California law 

permits self-employed individuals to elect coverage on a 

voluntary basis. Workers employed by railroads, railroad 

associations, and railroad unions are covered by temporary 

disability insurance under the national system included in 

the Railroad Unemployment Insurance Act.

The methods used for providing this protection vary. In 

Rhode Island, the coverage is provided through an 

exclusive, state-operated fund into which all contributions 

are paid and from which all benefits are disbursed. In 

addition, a covered employer may provide supplemental 

benefits in any manner he or she chooses. The railroad 

program is also exclusively publicly operated in conjunction 

with its unemployment insurance provisions.

In California, New Jersey, and Puerto Rico, coverage is 

provided through a state-operated fund, but employers are 

permitted to "contract out" of the state fund by purchasing 

group insurance from commercial insurance companies, by 

self-insuring, or by negotiating an agreement with a union 

or employees' association. Coverage by the state fund is 

automatic unless or until an employer or the employees 

take positive action by substituting a private plan that 

meets the standards prescribed in the law and is approved 

by the administering agency. Premiums (in lieu of 

contributions) are then paid directly to the private plan, and 

benefits are paid to the workers affected.

The Hawaii and New York laws require employers to 

provide their own disability insurance plans for their 

workers-by setting up an approved self-insurance plan, by 

an agreement with employees or a union establishing a 

labor-management benefit plan, or by purchasing group 

insurance from a commercial carrier. In New York, the 

employer may also provide protection through the State 

Insurance Fund, which is a state-operated competitive 

carrier. Both Hawaii and New York operate special funds to 

pay benefits to workers who become disabled while 

unemployed or whose employers have failed to provide the 

required protection. In other jurisdictions, benefit payments 

for the disabled unemployed are made from the regular 

state-operated funds.

Eligibility for Benefits

To qualify for benefits, a worker must fulfill certain 

requirements regarding past earnings or employment and 

must be disabled as defined in the law. In addition, 

claimants may be disqualified if they received certain types 

of income during the period of disability.

Earnings or Employment Requirements

A claimant must have a specified amount of past 

employment or earnings to qualify for benefits. However, in 

most jurisdictions with private plans, the plans either insure 

workers immediately upon their employment or, in some 

cases, require a short probationary period of employment, 

usually from 1 to 3 months. Upon cessation of employment 

after a specified period, a worker generally loses his or her 

private plan coverage and must look to a state- created 

fund for such protection.

Disability Requirements

The laws generally define disability as inability to 

perform regular or customary work because of a physical or 

mental condition. Stricter requirements are imposed for 

disability during unemployment in New Jersey and New 

York. All the laws pay full benefits for disability due to 

pregnancy.
Temporary Disability Insurance

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 69

Disqualifying Income

All the laws restrict payment of disability benefits when 

the claimant is also receiving workers' compensation 

payments. However, the statutes usually contain some 

exceptions to this rule (for example, if the workers' 

compensation is for partial disability or for previously 

incurred work disabilities).

The laws differ with respect to the treatment of sick 

leave payments. Rhode Island pays disability benefits in full 

even though the claimant draws wage continuation 

payments. New York deducts from the benefits any 

payment from the employer or from a fund contributed to by 

the employer, except for benefits paid pursuant to a 

collective bargaining agreement. In California, New Jersey, 

and Puerto Rico, benefits plus paid sick leave for any week 

during disability may not exceed the individual's weekly 

earnings before his or her disablement. Railroad workers 

are not eligible for TDI benefits while they receive sick 

leave pay.

In all seven temporary disability insurance systems, as 

with unemployment insurance, weekly benefit amounts are 

related to a claimant's previous earnings in covered 

employment. In general, the benefit amount for a week is 

intended to replace at least one-half the weekly wage loss 

for a limited time. All the laws, however, specify minimum 

and maximum amounts payable for a week. The maximum 

duration of benefits varies between 26 and 52 weeks. 

Hawaii, New York, and Puerto Rico provide for benefits of a 

uniform duration of 26 weeks for all claimants; California 

and the railroad program have maximum benefit periods of 

52 weeks; New Jersey, 26 weeks; and Rhode Island, 30 

weeks. Under the railroad program, duration varies 

between 26 weeks and 52 weeks, based on the total 

number of years of employment in the industry. In the other 

jurisdictions, limited pre-disability "base period" wages 

reduce benefit duration. A noncompensable waiting period 

of a week or 7 consecutive days of disability (4 days for 

railroad workers) is generally required before the payment 

of benefits for subsequent weeks.

The statutory provisions described above govern the 

benefits payable to employees covered by the stateoperated plans. In those states where private plans are 

permitted to participate, these provisions represent 

standards against which the private plan can be measured 

(in accordance with provisions in the state law).

Financing and Administration

Under each of the laws, except for that governing the 

railroad program, employees may be required to contribute 

to the cost of the temporary disability benefit. In five of the 

jurisdictions (all but California and Rhode Island), 

employers are also required to contribute. In general, the 

government does not contribute.

Five of the seven temporary disability insurance 

programs are administered by the same agency that 

administers unemployment insurance. Under these five 

programs, the unemployment insurance administrative 

machinery is used to collect contributions, to maintain wage 

records, to determine eligibility, and to pay benefits to 

workers under the state-operated funds. The New York law 

is administered by the state Workers' Compensation Board, 

and the Hawaii law is administered separately in the 

Department of Labor and Industrial Relations.

By way of contrast, claims in New York and Hawaii are 

filed with and paid by the employer, the insurance carrier, or 

the union health and welfare fund that is operating the 

private plan. The state agency limits its functions with 

respect to employed workers to exercising general 

supervision over private plans, to setting standards of 

performance, and to adjudicating disputed claims arising 

between claimants and carriers. A similar situation applies 

to claimants under private plans in California, New Jersey, 

and Puerto Rico.

CONTACT: Rita L. DiSimone (202) 358-6221 for further information.
CONTACT: Donald T. Ferron/Wayne Tacy (410) 965-0160/(301) 731-5116 for futher information.

70 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Black Lung Benefits

The Black Lung benefit program established by the

Federal Coal Mine Health and Safety Act of 1969 provides

monthly benefit payments to coal miners totally disabled as

a result of pneumoconiosis, to the widows of coal miners

who died as a result of pneumoconiosis, and to their

dependents. The Social Security Administration (SSA) was

responsible for the payment and administration of these

Part B benefits (miner, survivor, and dependent) with

respect to claims filed through June 30, 1973 (and certain

survivor cases, before December 31, 1973).

On October 1, 1997, responsibility for maintenance

and payment of Part B was transferred from SSA to the

Department of Labor (DOL); SSA, however, maintains

responsibility for conducting formal hearings necessary to

resolve contested issues with respect to Part B claims.

Only data on these Part B claims are reported on in this

Supplement. Part C claims are reported in the OWCP

Annual Report to Congress, U.S. Department of Labor,

Office of Workers' Compensation Programs.

Under the Black Lung Benefits Act of 1972, DOL was

assigned jurisdiction over Part C benefits, generally claims

filed July 1, 1973 and later. Different financing provisions

are applicable to these claims.

Under the law, the basic Black Lung benefit rate is

37-1/2 percent of the monthly pay rate for federal

employees in the first step of grade GS-2. The basic rate to

a miner or widow may be increased according to the

number of qualified dependents—50 percent of the basic

benefit rate if one dependent qualifies, 75 percent for two

dependents, and 100 percent for three or more

dependents. 

Since Black Lung payments are tied directly to federal

employee salary scales, increases are automatically

payable when federal salaries are increased.

 Reflecting a 2.7 percent adjustment, monthly benefit

rates effective January 1, 2001 are:

Miner or widow $500.50

Miner or widow and one dependent $750.80

Miner or widow and 2 dependents $875.90

Miner or widow and 3 or more dependents 

(family benefit) $1,001.00

If a miner or surviving spouse is receiving workers'

compensation, unemployment compensation, or disability

insurance payments under state law, the Black Lung

benefit is offset by the amount being paid under these other

programs.

Under the 1972 amendments to the law, payments

were extended to full orphans, parents, brothers, and

sisters of deceased miners. Under earlier law, survivor

payments were limited to widows and their dependent

children (if the miner and spouse were both deceased, no

benefits were payable to surviving children). The 1972

amendments also expanded coverage to include surface

as well as underground coal miners.

Significant program data under Part B in 2000 included

the following:

• Between December 1999 and 2000, the total number 

of Black lung beneficiaries dropped from 99,000 to 

89,400. The beneficiaries included 11,600 miners, 

61,500 widows, and 16,200 dependents.

• Total annual payments declined from $541.2 million in 

1999 to $509.3 million in 2000.

• The average monthly benefit for miners in December 

2000 was $652.00 and $495.50 for widows.

• Ninety-seven percent of miners and widows were aged 

65 or older in 2000.

• Seventy-three percent of all Black Lung beneficiaries 

resided in five states in 2000: Pennsylvania, West 

Virginia, Kentucky, Virginia, and Ohio.
Veterans’ Benefits

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 71

Veterans’ Benefits

A variety of programs and benefits are available to servicemembers and veterans of military service: disability

payments, educational assistance, health care, vocational

rehabilitation, survivor and dependents benefits, special

loan programs, and hiring preference for certain jobs. Most

of the veterans programs are administered by the Department of Veterans Affairs.

Monetary Benefits

Two major cash benefit programs are available for veterans. The first program provides benefits to veterans with

service-connected disabilities and, on the veteran's death,

benefits are paid to the eligible spouse and children. These

benefits are not means tested—that is, they are payable

regardless of other income or resources. The second program provides benefits to needy veterans who have nonservice-connected disabilities. These benefits are means

tested.

Compensation for

Service-connected Disabilities

The disability compensation program pays monthly

benefits to veterans whose disabilities resulted from injury

or disease incurred while in, or aggravated by, active military duty, whether in wartime or peacetime. Individuals discharged or separated from military service under dishonorable conditions are not eligible for compensation payments.

The amount of monthly compensation depends on the

degree of disability, rated as the percentage of normal function lost. Payments in 2001 range from $101 a month for a

10-percent disability to $2,107 a month for total disability.

Veterans who have at least a 30-percent service-connected

disability are entitled to an additional dependent’s allowance. The amount is based on the number of dependents

and degree of disability.

Pension for

Non-service-connected Disabilities

Monthly benefits are provided to wartime veterans with

limited income and resources who are totally and permanently disabled because of a condition not attributable to

their military service. To qualify for these pensions, a veteran must have served in one or more of the following designated war periods: The Mexican Border Period, World

War I, World War II, the Korean Conflict, the Vietnam Era,

or the Gulf War. The period of service must have lasted at

least 90 days, and the discharge or separation cannot have

been dishonorable.

Effective December 1, 2000, maximum benefit

amounts for non-service-connected disabilities range from

$775 per month for a veteran without a dependent spouse

or child to $1,533 per month for a veteran who is in need of

regular aid and attendance and who has one dependent.

For each additional dependent child, the pension is raised

by $132 per month.

Benefits for Survivors

The dependency and indemnity compensation (DIC)

program provides monthly benefits to the surviving spouse,

children (under age 18, disabled, or students), and certain

parents of service persons or veterans who die as the

result of an injury or disease incurred while in or aggravated by active duty or training, or from a disability otherwise compensable under laws administered by the

Department of Veterans Affairs.

Dependency and indemnity compensation payments

may also be made if the veteran were receiving, or was

entitled to receive, compensation for a service-connected

disability at the time of death, and if certain conditions as to

the severity of the disability are met.

Eligibility for survivor benefits based on a non-serviceconnected death of a veteran with a service-connected disability requires a marriage of at least a 1-year duration

before the veteran's death. A surviving spouse is generally

required to have lived continuously with the veteran from

marriage until his or her death. Eligibility for benefits generally ends with the spouse's remarriage.

The monthly benefit amount payable to surviving

spouses of veterans, who died before January 1, 1993,

depends on the last pay rate of the deceased service person or veteran. In 2001, for pay grades E-1 through E-6, a

flat monthly rate of $911 is paid to surviving spouses.

Monthly benefits for grades E-7 through E-9 range between

$942 and $1,038. For veterans who died after January 1,

1993, surviving spouses receive a flat $911 a month. An

additional $197 a month will be paid to supplement the

basic rate if the deceased veteran had been entitled to

receive 100-percent service-connected compensation for

at least 8 years immediately preceding death. The amounts

payable to eligible parents are lower and depend on: (1) the

number of parents eligible, (2) their income, and (3) their

marital status.

Pensions for

Non-service-connected Death

Pensions are paid based on need to surviving spouses

and dependent children (under age 18, disabled or

students) of deceased veterans of the wartime periods

specified in the disability pension program. For a pension to

be payable, the veteran generally must have met the same

service requirements established for the non-serviceconnected disability pension program, and the surviving

spouse must meet the same marriage requirements as

under the dependency and indemnity compensation

program.
Veterans’ Benefits

72 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

The pension amount depends on the composition of

the surviving family and the physical condition of the surviving spouse. In 2001, pensions range from $519 a month for

a surviving spouse without dependent children to $991 a

month for a spouse who is in need of regular aid and attendance and who has a dependent child. The pension is

raised by $132 a month for each additional dependent

child.

Hospitalization 

and Other Medical Care

The Department of Veterans Affairs provides a nationwide system of health care through a system of hospitals

and community-based outpatient clinics to eligible veterans.

Enrollment - Provisions of Hospitalization

and Outpatient Medical Care to Veterans

To receive health care, veterans generally must be

enrolled with the VA and may apply for enrollment at any

time. Veterans do not have to be enrolled if they (1) have a

service-connected disability of 50 percent or more; (2) want

care for a disability which the military determined was

incurred or aggravated in the line of duty but which VA has

not yet rated during the 12-month period following discharge; or (3) want care for a service-connected disability.

Enrolled veterans and those not subject to enrollment

are eligible to receive comprehensive medical benefits,

which includes basic and preventive care.

Eligibility Requirements

Basic eligibility for hospital care and outpatient medical

services are based on a veteran's character of discharge

from active military service. Veterans discharged prior to

September 7, 1980 for other than dishonorable conditions

have basic eligibility for care. However, veterans discharged after September 7, 1980, must have completed 24

consecutive months of active duty service. Reservists who

were called or ordered to active duty may also be eligible

for care as a veteran if they complete the full period for

which they were called or ordered to active duty. The 24-

month minimum service time requirement does apply to

veterans who were discharged for reasons of early-out

under Title 38, U.S.C. 1173, discharged for a disability

incurred or aggravated in the line of duty, awarded VA compensation or is in need of care for an adjudicated serviceconnected disability. 

Care for Dependents and Survivors

The dependents and survivors of certain veterans may

be eligible for medical care under the Civilian Health and

Medical Program of the Department of Veterans Affairs

(CHAMPVA) if not eligible for medical care under Tricare or

Medicare. Tricare (formerly known as CHAMPUS) is the

health program administered by the Department of

Defense for dependents of active duty personnel and military retirees and their dependents.

Beneficiaries covered by CHAMPVA may be treated at

Department facilities when space is available. Usually,

however, the person with CHAMPVA coverage is treated at

a community hospital of his or her choice. The Department

of Veterans Affairs pays for a part of the bill and the beneficiary is responsible for any required co-payment.

Nursing Home Care

A veteran seeking nursing home care must meet the

established eligibility requirements for admission to a

Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) nursing home. The

Veterans Millennium Health Care and Benefits Act, Public

Law 106-117 passed by Congress on November 30, 1999,

made amendments to the original authority for nursing

home placement. The new law requires that VA—

• Provide nursing home care to any veteran in need of 

such care for a service-connected disability;

• Provide nursing home care to any veteran who is in 

need of such care and who has a service-connected 

disability rated at 70 percent or greater;

• Provide nursing home care, either directly or through 

contracts when clinically indicated for eligible veterans;

• Facilities to determine the need for nursing home care 

based on a comprehensive interdisciplinary assessment.

Other Medical Benefits

Other Department of Veterans Affairs programs and

medical benefits are available to certain veterans. Veterans

do not need to be enrolled in the VA health care system to

be eligible for any of the following benefits; however, there

may be restrictions: domiciliary care, alcohol and drug

dependency treatment; prosthetic appliances; modification

in certain veterans home when so ordered by his or her

physician, subject to cost limitations; compensation and

pension examinations; care as part of a VA approved

research project; readjustment counseling and treatment

for Vietnam veterans; sexual trauma counseling for veterans suffering from trauma of a sexual nature during active

military service; counseling; vocational rehabilitation counseling; special registry examinations and dental care.

Educational Assistance

The post-Vietnam Veterans' Educational Assistance

Program (VEAP) is a voluntary contributory matching program for persons entering service after December 31,

1976. To be eligible, the servicemember must have initially

contributed to VEAP before April 1, 1987. The Montgomery

GI Bill-Active Duty program provides education benefits for

individuals entering military service after June 30, 1985,

and for certain other individuals. Servicemembers entering

active duty have their basic pay reduced $100 a month for
Veterans’ Benefits

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 73

the first 12 months of their service unless they specifically

elect not to participate. An educational assistance program

is also available for individuals who enter the Selected

Reserve after June 30, 1985.

The Department of Veterans Affairs also pays educational assistance for dependents if a veteran is permanently

and totally disabled from a service-related cause, or dies as

a result of service, or while completely disabled from service-related causes.

CONTACT: Rita L. DiSimone (202) 358-6221 for further information.
Temporary Assistance for Needy Families

CONTACT: Bettie McClure (202) 401-5032 for futher information.

74 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Temporary Assistance for Needy Families

On August 22, 1996, The Personal Responsibility and

Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act of 1996 (PRWORA)

became law. This comprehensive, bipartisan legislation

changed the nation's welfare system into one requiring

work in exchange for time-limited assistance. It created the

Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) program,

which replaced the Aid to Families with Dependent

Children (AFDC), Emergency Assistance (EA), and Job

Opportunities and Basic Skills Training (JOBS) programs.

The law marks the end of federal entitlement to assistance.

In TANF, states and territories operate programs, and

Indian tribes have the option to run their own programs.

States, territories, and tribes each receive a block grant

allocation, and states must maintain a historical level of

state spending known as maintenance of effort. The basic

block grant provides states and tribes $16.5 billion in

federal funds each year, through 2002. This amount covers

benefits, administrative expenses, and services targeted to

needy families.

The 1996 law offers states great flexibility in designing

individual state TANF programs. Unless expressly provided

under the statute, the federal government may not regulate

the conduct of states.

States may use TANF funds in any manner "reasonably

calculated to accomplish the purposes of TANF." The

purposes are assisting needy families so that children can

be cared for in their own homes; reducing dependency of

needy parents by promoting job preparation, work, and

marriage; preventing out-of-wedlock pregnancies, and

encouraging the formation and maintenance of two-parent

families.

Highlights

Work Requirements

With few exceptions, recipients must work as soon as

job ready, or no later than 2 years after coming on

assistance. In fiscal year 1997, each state had to ensure

that 25 percent of all families in the state were engaged in

work activities. This percentage increased to 50 percent in

FY 2002. Minimum participation rates for two-parent

families started at 75 percent in FY 1997 and increased to

90 percent. (If a state reduces its caseload, without

restricting eligibility, it can receive a caseload reduction

credit. This credit reduces the minimum participation rates

the state must achieve.) During 1997 and 1998, single

parents had to participate in work activities for at least 20

hours per week; by FY 2000, they had to participate at least

30 hours per week. Two-parent families had to participate

in work activities for at least 35 or 55 hours per week,

depending upon the circumstances. Failure to participate in

work requirements can result in a reduction or a termination

of benefits to the family. However, states cannot penalize

single parents with a child under six for failing to meet work

requirements if they cannot obtain child care. A state may

exempt single parents with children under the age of one

from the work requirements and disregard these individuals

in the calculation of participation rates for up to twelve

months.

Work Activities

Activities that count towards a state's participation rates

are unsubsidized or subsidized employment, on-the-job

training, work experience, community service, job search,

vocational training, job skills training related to work, or

education directly related to work; satisfactory secondary

school attendance; and providing child care services to

individuals who are participating in community service.

However, no more than 12 months of vocational training,

no more than 6 total weeks of job search, and no more than

4 consecutive weeks of job search may count. Further,

effective in FY 2000, no more than 30 percent of those

meeting the participation rates may count toward the work

requirement on the basis of participation in vocational

training or by being a teen parent in secondary school.

Five-Year Time Limit

Families with an adult who has received federally

funded assistance for a total of 5 years (or less at state

option) are not eligible for cash aid under the TANF

program. States may extend assistance beyond 60 months

to up to 20 percent of their caseload. They may also elect

to provide assistance to families beyond 60 months using

state-only funds, or they may provide services to families

that reach the time limit using Social Services Block

Grants.

State Maintenance of Effort Requirements

The TANF block grant program has an annual costsharing requirement, referred to as "maintenance of effort,"

or MOE. Every fiscal year each state must spend a certain

minimum amount of its own money to help eligible families

in ways that are consistent with the purposes of the TANF

program. The required MOE amount is based on an

"applicable percentage" of the state's (non-federal)

expenditures on AFDC and the AFDC-related programs in

1994. The applicable percentage depends on whether the

state meets its minimum work participation rate

requirements for that fiscal year. A state that does not meet

the required minimum work participation rate requirements

must spend at least 80 percent of the amount it spent in

1994. A state that meets its minimum work participation

rate requirements must spend at least 75 percent of the

amount it spent in 1994.

In addition to the federal TANF block grant funding,

needy states with economic problems may request federal
Temporary Assistance for Needy Families

CONTACT: Bettie McClure (202) 401-5032 for futher information.

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 75

funds from the Contingency Fund. The Contingency Fund

has a more rigorous MOE requirement.

Additional Funding

Bonuses to reward high performance and reduce outof-wedlock births.—Through FY 2003, $1 billion is available

to states for high performance bonuses for achieving

program goals, such as moving welfare recipients into jobs.

There is a separate $100 million annual appropriation for

bonuses to the 5 states that have the greatest success in

reducing their of out-of-wedlock birth rates, while also

reducing their abortion rates.

Contingency fund, supplemental grants, and loans.—

There is a contingency fund of $2 billion available over 5

years to states experiencing economic downturns. There

are a separate $800 million fund available over 4 years to

provide supplemental grants for states with high population

growth and historically low welfare spending and a $1.7

billion federal loan fund.

Penalties

 The Department of Health and Human Services (HHS)

may reduce s state's block grant if it fails to do any of the

following:

• Satisfy work requirements. A penalty of 5 percent

accrues in the first year. The penalty amount

increases 2 percent per year for each consecutive

failure. The penalty is adjusted based on degree of

failure. The maximum penalty is 21 percent.

• Comply with 5-year limit on assistance. Failure to

comply results in a 5 percent penalty.

• Meet the state's basic maintenance of effort

requirements. The penalty is based on the amount of

the state's under-spending. The state also loses its

Welfare-to-Work funds.

• Meet the State's Contingency Fund MOE

requirement. The penalty is a reduction of the State's

Federal TANF grant by the amount of Contingency

Funds received and not remitted.

• Reduce recipient grants for refusing to participate in

work activities without good cause. A penalty of

between 1 percent and 5 percent is assessed based

on the degree of noncompliance. Maintain

assistance when a single custodial parent with a

child under six cannot obtain child care. Failure to

comply results in a penalty of 5 percent. 

• Submit required data reports. A penalty of 4 percent

accrues.

• Comply with paternity establishment and child

support enforcement requirements. Failure to comply

results in a penalty of up to 5 percent.

• Participate in the Income and Eligibility Verification

System. A penalty of up to 2 percent accrues.

• Repay a federal loan on time. The penalty will be

based on the amount unpaid.

• Use funds appropriately. Misuse of funds can result

in states being penalized for the amount misused. If

this misuse is found to be intentional, an additional

penalty of 5 percent will be assessed.

• Replace federal penalty reductions with additional

state funds. This provision results in a penalty of up

to 2 percent and requires states to contribute state

funds to make up for any reductions in federal funds

due to penalties.

The total penalty assessed against a state in given

year may not exceed 25 percent of a state's block grant

allotment. In some situations, states may avoid penalties:

(1) if they demonstrate that they had reasonable cause for

failing to meet the program requirements or (2) if they

develop a corrective compliance plan, receive approval of

their plan, and correct or discontinue the violation. 

Personal Employability Plans

States must make an initial assessment of a recipient's

skills. States may develop personal responsibility plans for

each recipient to identify the education, training, and job

placement services needed to move into the workforce.

Teen Parent Live-At-Home 

and Stay-In-School Requirement

Unmarried minor parents must participate in

educational and training activities and live with a

responsible adult or in an adult-supervised setting in order

to receive assistance. States are responsible for assisting

in locating adult-supervised settings for teens who cannot

live at home.

State Plans

HHS reviews state plans for completeness only. States

must allow for a 45-day comment period on the state plan

by local governments and private organizations and consult

with them. The state plan must have "objective criteria" for

eligibility and benefits that are "fair" and "equitable." The

plan must explain appeal rights.

Job Subsidies

The law allows states to create jobs by taking money

that is now used for welfare checks and using it to create

community service jobs, provide income subsidies, or

provide hiring incentives for potential employers.

Waivers

States that received approval for welfare reform

waivers before January 1,1997, have the option to operate

their cash assistance program under some or all of these

waivers, until the waivers expire.
Temporary Assistance for Needy Families

CONTACT: Bettie McClure (202) 401-5032 for futher information.

76 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Effective Dates

States had until July 1, 1997, to submit state plans and

begin implementing TANF, although they had the option to

implement earlier.

HHS published final regulations covering the state

TANF programs on April 12, 1999. These regulations took

effect October 1, 2000.

Tribal Programs

Federally recognized Indian tribes may apply directly to

HHS to operate a TANF block grant program. Eligible tribes

include the federally recognized tribes in the lower 48

states and 13 designated entities in Alaska (that is, the 12

Alaska Native regional nonprofit associations and

Matlakatla). TANF allotments for Indian tribes are based

upon previous state expenditures of federal dollars in

AFDC, Emergency Assistance (EA), and JOBS on tribal

members in fiscal year 1994. Tribal TANF programs could

be implemented as early as July 1, 1997. Like states,

Indian tribes can use their TANF funding in any manner

reasonably calculated to accomplish the purposes of TANF.

They have broad flexibility to determine eligibility, method

of assistance, and benefit levels. Unlike state plans, the

federal government approves tribal plans. Tribes and HHS

must reach agreement on time limits, work requirements,

and minimum participation rates.

In addition to authorizing tribes to administer TANF,

PRWORA replaced the former tribal JOBS program with

the Native Employment Works (NEW) program. The NEW

program provides funding for tribes and inter-tribal

consortia to design and administer tribal work activities that

meet the unique employment and training needs of their

populations while allowing tribes and states to provide

other TANF services.

HHS published final regulations for the tribal TANF and

NEW programs on February 18, 2000. 
Food Stamps

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 77

Food Stamps

The Food Stamp program was designed to provide a

means for persons with no or little income to obtain a nutritionally adequate diet. Under this program, single persons

and individuals living in households meeting nationwide

standards for income and assets may receive coupons

redeemable for food for human consumption and garden

seeds and plants. The benefits, which are in the form of

coupons or Electronic Benefit Transfer (EBT) payments,

are accepted at most retail food stores.

The value of the benefits that a unit receives each

month is determined by household size, income, and

deductible expenses. Households without income receive

an amount equal to 100 percent of the June monthly cost of

the Thrifty Food Plan (TFP—a nutritionally adequate diet)

for a reference family of four adjusted for household size

and economies of scale. This amount is updated every

October for the new fiscal year to account for food price

increases. As of October 2000, an eligible four-person

household in the continental United States with no income

receives $434 per month in food stamps. Households with

income receive food stamps valued at the difference

between the maximum allotment and 30 percent of their

income, after certain allowable deductions.

To qualify for the program, a household must have (1)

less than $2,000 in disposable assets ($3,000, if one member is aged 60 or older), (2) gross income below 130 percent of the poverty guidelines for the household size, and

(3) net income, after subtracting the six deductions listed

below, of less than 100 percent of the poverty guidelines.

Households with a person aged 60 or older or a disabled

person receiving either Supplemental Security Income

(SSI), Social Security (OASDI), state general assistance, or

veterans' disability benefits (or interim disability assistance

pending approval of any of the above programs) may have

gross income exceeding 130 percent of the poverty guidelines, if, after subtracting the deductions listed below, the

income is lower than 100 percent of the poverty guidelines.

One- and two-person households that meet the applicable

standard receive at least $10 a month in food stamps. All

households in which all members receive Temporary Assistance to Needy Families (TANF) or SSI are categorically

eligible for food stamps without meeting these income or

resource criteria.

Net income is computed by deducting the following

from monthly gross income:

(1) Twenty percent of earned income.

(2) A standard deduction of $134 for fiscal year 2000.

(3) The amount paid for dependent care (up to $200 a

month per child under age 2 and $175 for all other

dependents) while the dependent's caretaker is

working or looking for work.

(4) Any out-of-pocket medical expenses in excess of a $35

deductible for a person aged 60 or older or a disabled

person. If more than one person in the household is aged

or disabled, $35 is subtracted once before deducting

combined medical expenses.

(5) A child-support deduction for legally obligated child

support paid for a nonhousehold member.

(6) An excess shelter deduction, which is total shelter

costs including utilities minus 50 percent of income

after all the above deductions have been subtracted. Effective October 1, 2000, the limit was

$300. For households whose certification period

began after March 1, 2001, the limit rose to $340.

Households with an aged or disabled person do not

have a limit on this deduction.

Households are certified to receive food stamps for

varying lengths of time, depending on their income sources

and individual circumstances. Recertification is required at

least annually. Households whose sole income is from SSI

payments or Social Security benefits are certified for a 1-

year period. Moreover, households must report monthly

income or expense changes of $25 or more or other

changes in circumstances that would affect eligibility. Families with income or food loss resulting from disaster situations such as tornadoes or floods may be eligible for food

stamps for up to 1 month if they meet the special disaster

income and asset limits.

Special provisions allow the homeless, drug addicts,

alcoholics, blind, or disabled residents in certain group living arrangements, residents of shelters for battered

spouses and children, and persons aged 60 or older to use

their coupons for meals prepared at a nonprofit facility. The

elderly and homeless may also use their coupons to purchase concession-priced meals from authorized restaurants. Households with members who are elderly (aged 60

or older), disabled, or lack transportation to the food stamp

office may be certified for food stamps through a telephone

interview or a home visit.

Initiated on a pilot basis in 1961, the Food Stamp program was formally established by the Food Stamp Act of

1964, with 22 states operating 43 projects, serving 350,000

people. The Food Stamp Act of 1977, as amended (P.L. 95-

113), has been extended to all 50 states, the District of

Columbia, Guam, and the Virgin Islands. Authorization for

this program extends through September 30, 2002. (Since

July 1982, Puerto Rico receives a block grant for nutrition

assistance rather than participating in the Food Stamp program.) The Food Stamp program is administered nationally

by the Food and Nutrition Service of the Department of

Agriculture (USDA) and operates through local welfare

offices and the nation's food marketing and banking systems. Since August 1, 1980, persons receiving or applying

for SSI payments have been permitted to apply for food
Food Stamps

78 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

stamps through local Social Security district offices. The

federal government, through general revenues, pays the

entire cost of the food stamp benefits, but federal and state

agencies share administrative costs.

History of Provisions

Originally, food stamp coupons were purchased by participants. The difference between the face value of the coupons and the amount the participant paid was known as the

"bonus value." The amount paid for coupons varied according to household income.

Legislation in 1971 established uniform national eligibility standards and uniform national benefit levels, required

family allotments large enough to purchase a nutritionally

adequate diet, provided free food stamps to the poorest

recipients, required automatic cost-of-living increases in

food stamp allotments, and established work-registration

requirements for able-bodied adult household members up

to age 65 (except students and those needed at home to

care for children under age 18). Legislation in 1973

expanded the program (while phasing out the family food

distribution program), provided for semi-annual allotments

of coupon adjustments, and broadened the categories of

persons eligible to participate. The 1973 legislation

extended the program nationwide, requiring all states to

participate in the Food Stamp program.

Major legislative changes in 1977 eliminated the purchase requirement and allowed households to receive only

the bonus portion of their coupon allotments. Deductions

from income were limited to a standard deduction, a 20-

percent earnings deduction, and a limited combined excess

shelter and child-care deduction. The poverty guidelines

became the new eligibility limits and, for the first time,

households receiving Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC) or SSI payments were required to meet asset

and income limits. The work registration requirements were

tightened for students and for caretakers, whose children

now had to be under age 12. Previously exempt, parents of

children aged 12 or older were required to register for work.

The age at which the registration exemption for older persons became effective was lowered from age 65 to age 60.

Legislation in 1979 provided a medical deduction to

aged and disabled persons, removed the limit on their shelter deduction, and tightened fraud provisions.

The 1980 legislation provided for an annual, rather

than semi-annual, adjustment to benefit levels and the

amount of the standard deduction. This legislation also

restricted student eligibility.

The Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act and the Food

Stamp and Commodity Distribution Amendments of 1981

mandated further changes in the Food Stamp program. For

the first time, a "gross income" eligibility standard was

applied to all households not containing an aged or disabled person. The earnings deduction was lowered to 18

percent. The updates to the TFP to account for inflation

were postponed until October 1982 and the deduction limits

were postponed until July 1983. For new participants, benefits for the first month were prorated from the day the

application was filed. Boarders and persons who take part

in strikes were excluded from the program and the definition of what constitutes a household was tightened. Provisions facilitating claims and overpayment collection and

fraud recovery were also enacted. The program in Puerto

Rico was replaced by a block grant and monthly reporting/

retrospective accounting systems were made mandatory

for all states effective October 1983. However, households

composed solely of all aged or disabled persons, as

defined above, were exempted from the monthly reporting

requirements, and migrant households were exempted

from both requirements.

Further revisions were made by the Food Stamp

Amendments of 1982. Among changes, the maximum allotments were reduced from 100 percent to 99 percent of the

TFP and adjustments to the standard and shelter deductions were delayed until October 1, 1983. (Public Law 98-

473 restored maximum food stamp allotments to the full

cost of the TFP beginning November 1, 1984.) A net

income limit for nonelderly and nondisabled households

was added to the existing gross income limit. Benefit computations and adjustments were rounded down to the nearest dollar, and new restrictions were placed on the use of

the Standard Utility Allowance for the excess shelter

expense deduction. At the same time, the definition of disability for food stamp purposes was expanded to include

those persons receiving certain veterans' payments, and

annual cost-of-living adjustments to SSI payments and

Social Security benefits were not counted in determining

food stamp amounts for 3 months.

The Food Stamp program authorization was extended

for 5 years by the Food Security Act of 1985 (P.L. 99-198).

Among the revisions enacted, the definition of disability for

food stamp purposes was again extended to include recipients of State supplementary SSI payments, government

disability benefits, and Railroad Retirement disability payments. Households in which all members receive AFDC or

SSI were made categorically eligible for food stamps. The

earned income, childcare, excess shelter cost deductions,

and asset limits were increased as of May 1986. Portions of

the income received under the Job Training Partnership Act

were now considered countable income. Further, all states

were required to implement an employment and training

program for food stamp recipients by April 1987.

The Hunger Prevention Act of 1988 (P.L. 100-435)

made several changes in the program. It raised the maximum food stamp allotments and established allotments as

specified percents of the TFP as of the preceding June. For

fiscal year 1989, the allotments were 100.65 percent of the

TFP for June 1988; for fiscal year 1990, they were 102.05

percent of the TFP for June 1989; and for fiscal years 1991

and on, they are to be 103.00 percent of the TFP.
Food Stamps

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 79

Other provisions of the 1988 legislation required states to

institute prospective budgeting for households not required to

report monthly and retrospective budgeting for households reporting monthly. It extended disability status to individuals who

receive interim assistance pending the receipt of Supplemental

Security Income, Social Security, or state disability payments, and

allowed the elderly, disabled, and those without transportation to

apply for food stamps via telephone interviews. It required states

to process food stamp applications jointly with AFDC and general

assistance applications. It raised the dependent-care deduction

from $160 per household to $160 per dependent. It made permanent an amendment in the Homeless Eligibility Clarification Act

that exempts residents of shelters from ineligibility as residents of

institutions.

Several provisions of the 1988 legislation also affect

persons in farming. Households with farm income and

expenses were given the option of averaging irregular

farm-related expenses and farm income over 12 months

and excluding as resources the value of farm land, equipment, and supplies for a period of 1 year after a household

member ceases to be self-employed in farming.

The Mickey Leland Memorial Domestic Hunger Relief

Act of 1990 reauthorized the Food Stamp program and the

Nutrition Assistance Program in Puerto Rico with no major

changes through fiscal year 1995.

Legislation enacted in 1992 prevented a one-time

decrease of food stamp allotments for the year beginning

October 1, 1992, even though the cost of the TFP had

declined slightly.

The Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1993

(Mickey Leland Childhood Hunger Relief Act) made a number of program revisions including the following.

• The earnings of elementary or high school students

who were aged 21 or younger were disregarded.

• Households that had breaks in participation of less

than a month were allowed to receive a full month's

benefit for the period of the break.

• The children of drug addicts and alcoholics living in

treatment centers were permitted to qualify for food

stamps.

• Food stamp households participating in demonstration projects were permitted to accumulate up to

$10,000 in resources.

• The shelter cap was raised to $231 beginning July 1,

1994, then to $247 beginning October 1995, and was

to be eliminated entirely on January 1, 1997.

• The deduction for care of a child or other dependent

was raised to $200 per month for a child under age 2,

and $175 per month for all other dependents, effective September 1, 1994.

• State agencies were given the option to provide

deductions for legally binding child support payments

made to persons outside the household, effective

September 1, 1994. This deduction became mandatory October 1, 1995.

• The definition of a food stamp household was simplified to allow adult siblings who lived together and

adult children who lived with their parents to form

separate households if they purchased or prepared

food separately.

• The amount of the Fair Market Value of a household's first vehicle that is excluded from the asset test

was increased from $4,500 to $4,550, effective September 1, 1995. The limit was to have been raised to

$5,000, effective October 1, 1996, and indexed

thereafter.

 Legislation enacted in 1994 primarily provided means

to combat fraud in the coupon redemption process. Legislation enacted in 1995, prevented a one-time decrease of

food stamp allotments in Alaska for the year beginning

October 1, 1994, even though the cost of the TFP for

Alaska had declined slightly.

 The Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity

Reconciliation Act of 1996 made sweeping changes to the

Food Stamp program. Additional restrictions were placed

on the eligibility of certain low-income persons.

• Legal immigrants became ineligible for benefits,

unless they met one of the following criteria: were

naturalized citizens, had worked and paid taxes in

the country for 40 quarters (or were the spouse or

minor child of someone who had met the work

requirement), had served in the U.S. Armed Forces

(or were the spouse or child or a veteran) or were refugees, asylees, or persons granted a stay of deportation when admitted and have lived in the United

States for less than 5 years. Legal immigrants currently receiving benefits were allowed to receive benefits until their first recertification after April 1, 1997,

or until August 22, 1997, whichever date came first. 

• Time limits were imposed for childless unemployed

adults aged 18-50. Those who are not disabled are

limited to receiving 3 months of benefits in any 36-

month period, unless they are working 20 hours per

week, participating in a work training program for at

least 20 hours per week, or participating in work fare.

States may request waivers for areas with at least

10-percent unemployment or insufficient jobs.

 Other key provisions included the following:

• The maximum allotment was set at 100 percent of

the Thrifty Food Plan, effective October 1, 1996.

• The standard deduction was frozen at $134.

• The excess shelter deduction cap was set at $250,

effective January 1, 1997 (instead of being lifted), to

be raised to $275 on October 1, 1998, and $300 on

October 1, 2000.
Food Stamps

80 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

• The earnings of elementary or high school students

aged 18-21 was counted again.

• Households with breaks in participation of less than a

month received prorated benefits for the period of the

break.

• Adult children under age 22 living with their parents

were counted in the same household as their parents.

• The amount of Fair Market Value for a household's

first vehicle that is excluded from the asset test was

frozen at $4,650, effective October 1, 1996.

• State and local energy assistance was counted as

income.

• Recipients could be disqualified or given sanctions

for a variety of reasons, such as failure to pay child

support, receipt of multiple benefits, or failure to meet

work requirements.

• States were permitted to operate a simplified Food

Stamp program for households in which all household members participate in the state's Temporary

Assistance for Needy Families program. In the simplified Food Stamp program, states may utilize their

TANF rules to determine Food Stamp program benefits provided the TANF rules do not increase the

aggregate cost of the Food Stamp program.

• States were required to implement Electronic Benefit

Transfer (EBT) systems for issuing benefits before

October 1, 2002, unless USDA granted a waiver.

The Balanced Budget Act of 1997 increased funds for

the Food Stamp Employment and Training program,

restricted the use of these funds, and made them available

until spent. States were required to earmark 80 percent of

these funds to provide work or training programs to childless, unemployed, able-bodied 18-50 year olds. The Act

also allowed states to grant discretionary exemptions from

the time limits for up to 15 percent of a state's unwaived

caseload of childless, unemployed, able-bodied 18-50 year

olds.

The Agricultural Research, Extension, and Education

Reform Act of 1998 partially restored benefits to legal immigrants. Those who were lawfully residing in the United

States on August 22, 1996, and are either: (1) blind or disabled (using the Food Stamp Act definition of "disability"),

(2) aged 65 or older on August 22, 1996, or (3) under the

age of 18 were eligible for benefits effective November 1,

1998. In addition, refugees and asylees were made eligible

for the first 7 years after admittance into the United States

(extended from 5 years). Members of Hmong or Highland

Laotian tribes aiding U.S. personnel during the Vietnam

War, and their spouses or unmarried dependent children

were made eligible. Cross-border Native Americans were

also made eligible.

Other provisions reduced the funding for Employment

and Training Programs by $100 million in 1999 and by $45

million in 2000 and reduced payments for Food Stamp program administrative costs.

The Electronic Benefit Transfer (EBT) Interoperability

and Portability Act of 2000 (P.L. 106-71) required States to

make their EBT systems inter-operable across State lines

by October 2, 2002.

The Agriculture, Rural Development, Food and Drug

Administration, and Related Agencies Appropriation Act,

2001 (P.L. 106-387) made the following changes to the

Food Stamp program:

• Effective July 2001, at state option, state agencies

could substitute TANF vehicle rules in place of food

stamp vehicle rules provided that the TANF vehicle

rules were more liberal.

• Effective March 2001, for households whose certification period began on or after March 1, 2001, the

maximum excess shelter deduction limit rose to

$340, and was to be adjusted for inflation on October

1, 2002 and every year after.

An estimated 17.2 million persons per month participated in the Food Stamp program during fiscal year 2000.

The average monthly value of food stamps per person was

about $72.79 and the total value of benefits issued during

the year was $15.0 billion. Total federal government costs

for this program were $17.1 billion.

CONTACT: Jenny Genser (703) 305-2152 for further information.
LIHEAP

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 81

 Low-Income Home Energy Assistance Program

The Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1981 (P.L.

97-35), signed into law by the President on August 13,

1981, authorized seven block grants to be administered by

the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS).1 As

one of HHS' block grants, the Low-Income Home Energy

Assistance Program (LIHEAP) is administered by the

Administration of Children and Families' Office of Community Services. Title XXVI of the Act authorized LIHEAP for

fiscal years 1982–84. Title VI of the Human Services Reauthorization Act of 1984 (P.L. 98-88) reauthorized and

amended LIHEAP for fiscal years 1985–86. Title V of the

Human Services Reauthorization Act of 1986 (P.L. 99-425)

reauthorized and amended LIHEAP for fiscal years 1987–

90.Title VII of the Augustus F. Hawkins Human Services

Reauthorization Act of 1990 (P.L. 101-501) reauthorized

and amended LIHEAP for fiscal years 1991–94.Title XX of

the National Institutes of Health Revitalization Act of 1993

(P.L. 103-43) reauthorized LIHEAP for fiscal year 1995.

Title III of the Human Services Amendments of 1994 (P.L.

103-252) reauthorized and amended LIHEAP for fiscal

years 1995–99. Title III of the Coats Human Services

Reauthorization Act of 1996 (P.L. 105-285) reauthorized

and amended LIHEAP for fiscal years 2000–04.

Reauthorizing the LIHEAP program for fiscal year 1995

through fiscal year 1999, the Human Services Amendments of 1994, Public Law 103-252, made a number of

revisions to the LIHEAP statute.2 There were no new provisions that became effective in fiscal years 1997–99.

Under LIHEAP, grants are provided to the states to

assist eligible households to meet the costs of home

energy In addition to the 50 states and the District of

Columbia, grants were provided in:

• fiscal year 1997 to 6 insular areas, and 121 Indian 

tribes or tribal organizations; 

• fiscal year 1998 to 6 insular areas, and 128 Indian 

tribes or tribal organizations; and

• fiscal year 1999 to 5 insular areas, and 130 Indian 

tribes or tribal organizations. Fiscal year 1999 

represents the nineteenth year that an energy 

assistance program has been administered at the 

federal level by HHS.

In accordance with the act, the Secretary of HHS has

left maximum policy discretion to the states. The federal

information collection and reporting requirements for states

were substantially reduced to require only information

essential to federal administration and congressional oversight. State decisions, directed by public participation in the

development of grant applications, largely replaced federal

regulations in shaping the program for fiscal years 1982–99.

Funding

For fiscal year 1997, $1 billion was appropriated under

P.L. 104-298, including the set aside of $25 million for

leveraging incentive awards. The President released an

additional $215 million in emergency contingency funds in

response to an extraordinary cold wave and increases in

bulk fuel prices during the 1996–97 winter. Fiscal year 1997

funds were distributed approximately as follows:

(1) $965 million in block grants to the 50 states and the 

District of Columbia;

(2) $9 million in direct block grants to 121 Indian tribes 

and tribal organizations;

(3) $1.3 million in block grants to the Commonwealth 

of Puerto Rico, Virgin Islands, America Samoa, 

Guam, the Commonwealth of the Northern 

Mariana Islands, and the Trust Territory of the 

Pacific Islands/Palau; and

(4) $18.8 million in leveraging incentive awards to 39 

states, and 26 tribes and tribal organizations

(5) $6.2 million in REACH awards to 6 states, 3 tribes 

and tribal organizations;

(6) $212 million in emergency contingency funds to 50 

states and the District of Columbia, $3 million to 

121 Indian tribes and tribal organizations, 

$200,000 to 6 insular areas; and

(7) $0.3 million for training and technical assistance.

0

For fiscal year 1998, $1 billion was appropriated as

advanced funding under P.L. 104-208, including the set

aside of $25 million for leveraging incentive awards. The

President released an additional $160 million in emergency

contingency funds in response to an extraordinary heat

wave and a disastrously low salmon run in Alaska. Fiscal

year 1998 funds were distributed approximately as follows:

(1) $965 million in block grants to the 50 states and the 

District of Columbia;

(2) $9 million in direct block grants to 128 Indian tribes 

and tribal organizations;

(3) $1.3 million in block grants to the Commonwealth 

of Puerto Rico, Virgin Islands, America Samoa, 

Guam, the Commonwealth of the Northern 

Mariana Islands, and the Trust Territory of the 

Pacific Islands/Palau; and

(4) $18.8 million in leveraging incentive awards to 39 

states, 26 tribes and tribal organizations;

1 Effective in fiscal year 1987 the Primary Care Block Grant was 

repealed by the Health Services Amendment Act of 1985 (P.L. 99-80) 

enacted April 26, 1986.

2 The 1994 amendments provided that up to 25 percent of leveraging 

incentive funds may be set aside for the Residential Energy Assistance 

Challenge (REACH) program, which was funded for the first time in fiscal year 1996.
LIHEAP

82 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

(5) $5.8 million in REACH awards to 7 states, 

$400,000 to 6 Indian tribes and tribal 

organizations;

(6) $151 million in emergency contingency funds to 12 

states and $9 million to 33 Indian tribes and tribal 

organizations; and

(7) $0.3 million for training and technical assistance.

0

For fiscal year 1999, $1.1 billion in advance funding

was appropriated under P.L. 105-78, including the set aside

of $27.5 million for leveraging incentive awards. The President released an additional $175.3 million in emergency

contingency funds in response to an extraordinary heat

wave and relief for energy-related damage caused by

severe flooding in North Carolina. Fiscal year 1999 LIHEAP

funds were distributed approximately as follows:

(1) $1.06 billion in block grants to the 50 states and the 

District of Columbia;

(2) $9.6 million in direct block grants to 130 Indian 

tribes and tribal organizations;

(3) $1.5 million in block grants to the Commonwealth 

of Puerto Rico, Virgin Islands, America Samoa, 

Guam, and the Commonwealth of the Northern 

Mariana Islands; and

(4) $20.6 million in leveraging incentive awards to 33 

states, 23 tribes;

(5) $5.6 million in REACH awards to 5 states, 

$681,000 to 6 Indian tribes and tribal 

organizations, $124,000 to 1 insular area, and 

$512,000 for states' second and third year REACH 

administrative costs;

(6) $174.6 million in emergency contingency funds to 

26 states and $699,000 to 18 Indian tribes and 

tribal organizations; and

(7) $0.3 million for training and technical assistance.

0

The funds appropriated for LIHEAP provide payments

to eligible households for heating or cooling costs and for

home energy crises. Up to 15 percent of the available

funds may be used for low-cost residential weatherization

or other energy-related home repairs. Grantees can

request from HHS a waiver to allow up to 25 percent of

available funds to be spent for low cost residential weatherization or other energy-related home repairs.

To receive grants in each of the three fiscal years, each

state had to submit an application consisting of assurances

by its chief executive officer and a plan describing how the

state would carry out those assurances. In the assurances,

the state agreed to:

(1) use funds only for the purposes of the statute;

(2) make payments only to eligible low-income 

households;

(3) conduct outreach activities;

(4) coordinate LIHEAP activities with similar and 

related programs;

(5) provide, in a timely manner, that the highest level of 

assistance will be furnished to those households 

with the lowest incomes and highest energy costs 

in relation to income, taking into account family 

size, except that the state may not differentiate 

between categorically eligible and income eligible 

households;

(6) give consideration to agencies that have previously 

managed the program when designating local 

agencies to carry out the purposes of the program,

(7) assure that energy suppliers receiving benefits 

directly on behalf of eligible households not treat 

assisted households adversely;

(8) treat owners and renters equitably;

(9) use not more than 10 percent of its allotment for 

planning and administration;

(10) establish fiscal control and accounting procedures 

for proper disbursal of and accounting for federal 

funds, establish procedures for monitoring 

assistance provided, and prepare an annual audit;

(11) permit and cooperate with federal investigations;

(12) provide for public participation in the development 

of its plan;

(13) provide an opportunity for a fair administrative 

hearing to individuals whose claims for assistance 

are denied or not acted on with reasonable 

promptness;

(14) cooperate with HHS in collecting and reporting 

data under section 2610 of the statute;

(15) provide outreach and intake through additional 

state and local government entities or communitybased organizations under certain circumstances; 

and

(16) use no more than 5 percent of funds to encourage 

and enable households to reduce their home 

energy needs.

0

Eligibility

The unit of eligibility for energy assistance is the household, defined as any individual or group of individuals who

are living together as one economic unit for which residential energy is customarily purchased in common, either

directly or through rent. The Act limits payments to those

households with incomes under the greater of 150 percent

of the income guidelines or 60 percent of the state's

median income; or to those households with members

receiving benefits from the Temporary Assistance for

Needy Families (TANF) program, SSI, food stamps, or

need-tested veterans' benefits. No household may be
LIHEAP

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 83

excluded from eligibility on the basis of income alone if

household income is less than 110 percent of the poverty

guidelines. States are permitted to set more restrictive criteria as well.

Payments

States make fuel assistance payments directly to eligible households or to home energy suppliers on behalf of

eligible households. Payments can be provided in cash,

fuel, prepaid utility bills, or as vouchers, stamps, or coupons that can be used in exchange for energy supplies.

Payments are to vary in such a way that the highest level of

assistance is furnished to households with the lowest

income and highest energy costs in relation to income, taking into account family size.

CONTACT: Leon Litow (202) 401-5304 for futher information.
2.A OASDI: Coverage, Financing, & Insured Status 

84 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Table 2.A1.—Type of covered employment and self-employment

Year

enacted

 Coverage election

 or waiver if any Category of worker

1935 ............ All workers in commerce and industry (except railroads) under age 65 in the continental United States, 

Alaska, and Hawaii and on American vessels. (Covered after 1936.)

1939 ............ Age restriction eliminated.

1946 ............ Railroad and Social Security earnings combined to determine eligibility for and amount of survivors 

benefits.

1950 ............ Regularly employed farm and domestic workers. Nonfarm self-employed (except members of 

professional groups). Federal civilian employees not under a federal retirement system. U.S. citizens 

employed outside the United States by American employers. Workers in Puerto Rico and the Virgin 

Islands (effective Jan. 1, 1951).

Elective by employer State and local government employees not under a state and local government retirement system. 

Termination permitted 2 years after giving notice if group has 5 years of coverage when notice is given.

Elective by employer

and employee

Employees (other than members of the clergy) of nonprofit organizations (upon election by employer, 

each current employee given a choice as to coverage; new employees are covered). Nonprofit 

organizations permitted to terminate coverage 2 years after giving notice, if the organization has 8 years 

of coverage when notice is given.

1951 ............ Railroad workers with less than 10 years of service, for all benefits. (After October 1951, coverage 

retroactive to 1937.)

1954 ............ Farm self-employed. Professional self-employed except lawyers, dentists, physicians, and members of 

other medical groups (taxable years ending after 1954). Additional regularly employed farm and domestic 

workers. Homeworkers.

Elective by employer U.S. citizens employed outside the United States by a foreign subsidiary of an American employer.

Elective by employer

 and employee

State and local government employees (except fire fighters and police personnel) under a state or local 

government retirement system (coverage provided at state's option; a majority of the eligible employees 

must vote in favor). See above (elective by employer, 1950) for termination rule.

Elective by individual Members of the clergy and of religious orders not under a vow of poverty.

1956 ............ Members of the uniformed services on active duty or on active duty for training. Remainder of 

professional self-employed except physicians (taxable years ending after 1955). Farm landlords who 

materially participate in farm operations.

Elective by employer

and employee

Fire fighters and police personnel in designated states. State and local government employees under a 

state or local government retirement system in designated states may be divided into two systems, one 

excluding employees not desiring coverage (new employees covered).

1960 ............ U.S. citizens employed in United States by foreign governments or international organizations. Parents 

working for children (except domestic or casual labor). Workers in Guam and American Samoa.

1965 ............ Interns. Self-employed physicians (taxable years ending on or after Dec. 31, 1965). Tips for employee tax 

only.

Elective by individual Members of certain religious sects may obtain exemptions from self-employed coverage (retroactive to 

1951).

1967 ............ Elective by employer

and employee

Fire fighters under state and local government retirement system (under a majority favorable vote) and 

only if governor of state certifies Social Security protection.

 Subject to waiver

 by individual

Members of the clergy and of religious orders not under a vow of poverty are covered automatically, but 

they can choose to be exempt on grounds of conscience or religious principles. Taxable years ending 

after 1967.

1972 ............ Elective by employer Members of a religious order who are subject to a vow of poverty. Retroactivity allowed for 5 years but not 

earlier than Jan. 1, 1968.

1977 ............ Elective by individual Members of the clergy and of religious orders who filed an application for exemption from coverage may 

revoke the exemption if the revocation is filed before the due date of the individual's federal income tax 

return for the first taxable year beginning after Dec. 20, 1977.

1982 ............ Federal employees—Hospital Insurance (Part A) program only, effective Jan. 1, 1983.

1983 ............ Federal employees (except reemployed annuitants hired before Jan. 1, 1984), including executive, 

legislative, and judicial branch employees and including those with previous periods of federal service if 

the break in service lasted more than 365 days.

Legislative branch employees hired before 1984 who were not participating in the Civil Service 

Retirement System on Dec. 31, 1983.

Members of Congress, the President, the Vice President, sitting federal judges, and most executive-level 

political appointees of the federal government.

Employees of nonprofit organizations.

U.S. residents employed outside the United States by American employers.

Elective by employer U.S. residents employed outside the United States by a foreign affiliate of an American employer.
 2.A OASDI: Coverage, Financing, & Insured Status

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 85

Employees of nonprofit organizations placed under compulsory coverage; nonprofit organizations 

prohibited from terminating coverage of their employees on or after Mar. 31, 1983.

Elective by employer or by

employer and employee

States prohibited from terminating coverage of employees (after Apr. 20, 1983) and permitted to reinstate 

coverage for a terminated group.

1984 ............ Rehired federal employees whose previous service was covered.

Persons exercising reemployment rights to noncovered federal employment retain exemption after a 

period (not limited to 365 or fewer days) of military or national guard service or work for an international 

organization.

Generally, all legislative branch employees except those who were participating on Dec. 31, 1983, and 

are also currently participating in the Civil Service Retirement System or another federal retirement 

system.

Employees of nonprofit organizations who are also participating on a mandatory basis in the Civil Service 

Retirement System are treated like federal employees for Social Security tax and coverage purposes. 

They are therefore not covered unless hired on or after Jan. 1, 1984, or reemployed after a break in 

service of more than 365 days.

Elective by employer Churches or church-related organizations may elect irrevocably to have services performed by their 

employees excluded from covered employment. Their employees are then treated as self-employed for 

Social Security purposes.

1986 ............ State and local government employees hired after Mar. 31,1986—Hospital Insurance (Part A) program 

only.

Elective by individual Members of the clergy and of religious orders who filed an application for exemption from coverage may 

revoke the exemption if the revocation is filed before the due date of the individual's federal income tax 

return for the first taxable year beginning after Oct. 22, 1986.

1987 ............ Members of uniformed services reserve components on inactive duty training. Irregularly employed farm 

workers (if employer's annual expenditures for farm labor is at least $2,500). Services performed in trade 

or business of spouse or by children aged 18 or older in trade or business of parent. For employers, the 

full amount of covered tips.

1990 ............ State and local government employees not under a state or local government retirement system. 

Exception: (1) students employed by the educational institution they attend and (2) election workers 

paid less than the mandated amount ($100), unless either group covered under a State’s Section 218 

agreement.

1994 ............ Threshold for exclusion of wages paid to election workers raised from $100 to $1,000 annually beginning 

Jan. 1, 1995, and will be indexed for wage increases each year after Dec. 31, 1999.

Police and fire fighters under a public retirement system can be covered for Social Security in all states.

Threshold for coverage of domestic employees' earnings raised from $50 per calendar quarter to $1,000 

per calendar year per employer; amount subject to annual automatic adjustments. Domestic workers no 

longer covered for years in which they were under age 18, unless they are no longer in school and 

domestic employment is their principal occupation. Coverage of earnings of domestic workers on farms 

becomes subject to new annual threshold for domestic workers instead of annual threshold for 

agricultural employees.

Table 2.A1.—Type of covered employment and self-employment—Continued

Year

enacted

 Coverage election

 or waiver if any Category of worker

CONTACT: Greg Diez/Curt Pauzenga (410) 965-0153/7210 for further information.
2.A OASDI: Coverage, Financing, & Insured Status

CONTACT: Greg Diez/Curt Pauzenga (410) 965-0153/7210 for further information.

86 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Table 2.A2.—Noncontributory wage credits

Year 

enacted Provision

1946 ...................... Fully insured status and average monthly wage of $160 for World War II veterans who died within 3 years after discharge.

1950 ...................... Wage credits of $160 per month of military service during World War II period (Sept. 16, 1940–July 24, 1947).

1952 ...................... Same military wage credits to Dec. 31, 1953.

1953 ...................... Same military wage credits to June 30, 1955.

1955 ...................... Same military wage credits to Mar. 31, 1956.

1956 ...................... Same military wage credits to Dec. 31, 1956.

1967 ...................... For uniformed services, wage credits of $100 for each $100 (or fraction thereof) of basic pay not in excess of $300 per calendar 

quarter, beginning in 1968.

1972 ...................... For uniformed services, wage credits of $300 per calendar quarter of service after 1956. (Supersedes 1967 provision.) 

For U.S. citizens of Japanese ancestry, wage credits for the period they were interned by the U.S. government during 

World War II period (Dec. 7, 1941–Dec. 31, 1946) and were aged 18 or older.

1977 ...................... For uniformed services, wage credits of $100 for each $300 of basic pay up to maximum credit of $1,200 per calendar 

year after 1977.
2.A OASDI: Coverage, Financing, & Insured Status

CONTACT: Greg Diez/Curt Pauzenga (410) 965-0153/7210 for further information.

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 87

Table 2.A3.—Annual maximum taxable earnings and actual contribution rates, 1937–2001 and thereafter

Year

Annual maximum

 taxable earnings

Contribution rate (percent)

Employer and employee, each Self-employed person

OASDI HI Total OASI DI HI Total OASI DI HI

1937–49....................... $3,000 . . . 1.0 1.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1950............................. 3,000 . . . 1.5 1.5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1951–53....................... 3,600 . . . 1.5 1.5 . . . . . . 2.25 2.25 . . . . . .

1954............................. 3,600 . . . 2.0 2.0 . . . . . . 3.0 3.0 . . . . . .

1955–56....................... 4,200 . . . 2.0 2.0 . . . . . . 3.0 3.0 . . . . . .

1957–58....................... 4,200 . . . 2.25 2.0 0.25 . . . 3.375 3.0 0.375 . . .

1959............................. 4,800 . . . 2.5 2.25 .25 . . . 3.75 3.375 .375 . . .

1960–61....................... 4,800 . . . 3.0 2.75 .25 . . . 4.5 4.125 .375 . . .

1962............................. 4,800 . . . 3.125 2.875 .25 . . . 4.7 4.325 .375 . . .

1963–65....................... 4,800 . . . 3.625 3.375 .25 . . . 5.4 5.025 .375 . . .

1966............................. 6,600 $6,600 4.2 3.5 .35 0.35 6.15 5.275 .525 0.35

1967............................. 6,600 6,600 4.4 3.55 .35 .5 6.4 5.375 .525 .5

1968............................. 7,800 7,800 4.4 3.325 .475 .6 6.4 5.0875 .7125 .6

1969............................. 7,800 7,800 4.8 3.725 .475 .6 6.9 5.5875 .7125 .6

1970............................. 7,800 7,800 4.8 3.65 .55 .6 6.9 5.475 .825 .6

1971............................. 7,800 7,800 5.2 4.05 .55 .6 7.5 6.075 .825 .6

1972............................. 9,000 9,000 5.2 4.05 .55 .6 7.5 6.075 .825 .6

1973............................. 10,800 10,800 5.85 4.3 .55 1.0 8.0 6.205 .795 1.0

1974............................. 13,200 13,200 5.85 4.375 .575 .9 7.9 6.185 .815 .9

1975............................. 114,100

 1 Based on automatic adjustment, under 1972 legislation (as modified by 1973 legislation), in proportion to increases in average wage level.

1 14,100 5.85 4.375 .575 .9 7.9 6.185 .815 .9

1976............................. 1 15,300 1 15,300 5.85 4.375 .575 .9 7.9 6.185 .815 .9

1977............................. 1 16,500 1 16,500 5.85 4.375 .575 .9 7.9 6.185 .815 .9

1978............................. 1 17,700 1 17,700 6.05 4.275 .775 1.0 8.1 6.01 1.09 1.0

1979............................. 22,900 22,900 6.13 4.33 .75 1.05 8.1 6.01 1.04 1.05

1980............................. 25,900 25,900 6.13 4.52 .56 1.05 8.1 6.2725 .7775 1.05

1981............................. 29,700 29,700 6.65 4.7 .65 1.3 9.3 7.025 .975 1.3

1982............................. 1 32,400 1 32,400 6.7 4.575 .825 1.3 9.35 6.8125 1.2375 1.3

1983............................. 1 35,700 1 35,700 6.7 4.775 .625 1.3 9.35 7.1125 .9375 1.3

1984............................. 1 37,800 1 37,800 2 7.0

 2 Includes tax credit, see table 2.A5.

5.2 .5 1.3 2 14.0 10.4 1.0 2.6

1985............................. 1 39,600 1 39,600 7.05 5.2 .5 1.35 2 14.1 10.4 1.0 2.7

1986............................. 1 42,000 1 42,000 7.15 5.2 .5 1.45 2 14.3 10.4 1.0 2.9

1987............................. 1 43,800 1 43,800 7.15 5.2 .5 1.45 2 14.3 10.4 1.0 2.9

1988............................. 1 45,000 1 45,000 7.51 5.53 .53 1.45 2 15.02 11.06 1.06 2.9

1989............................. 1 48,000 1 48,000 7.51 5.53 .53 1.45 2 15.02 11.06 1.06 2.9

1990............................. 3 51,300

 3 Based on automatic adjustment, under 1972 legislation (as modified by 1973 legislation), using a transitional rule, specified by the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act 

(OBRA) of 1989, for computing a "deemed'' average annual wage for 1988, 1989, and 1990.

3 51,300 7.65 5.6 .6 1.45 15.3 11.2 1.2 2.9

1991............................. 3 53,400 4 125,000

 4 Based on 1990 legislation.

7.65 5.6 .6 1.45 15.3 11.2 1.2 2.9

1992............................. 3 55,500 3 130,200 7.65 5.6 .6 1.45 15.3 11.2 1.2 2.9

1993............................. 1 57,600 1 135,000 7.65 5.6 .6 1.45 15.3 11.2 1.2 2.9

1994............................. 1 60,600 5 (5)

 5 Upper limit on earnings subject to HI taxes was repealed by OBRA 1993. 

7.65 5.26 .94 1.45 15.3 10.52 1.88 2.9

1995............................. 1 61,200 (5) 7.65 5.26 .94 1.45 15.3 10.52 1.88 2.9

1996............................. 1 62,700 (5) 7.65 5.26 .94 1.45 15.3 10.52 1.88 2.9

1997............................. 1 65,400 (5) 7.65 5.35 .85 1.45 15.3 10.7 1.7 2.9

1998............................. 1 68,400 (5) 7.65 5.35 .85 1.45 15.3 10.7 1.7 2.9

1999............................. 1 72,600 (5) 7.65 5.35 .85 1.45 15.3 10.7 1.7 2.9

2000............................. 1 76,200 (5) 7.65 5.3 .9 1.45 15.3 10.6 1.8 2.9

2001............................. 1 80,400 (5) 7.65 5.3 .9 1.45 15.3 10.6 1.8 2.9

Future schedule:

2002 and thereafter.. (1) (5) 7.65 5.3 .9 1.45 15.3 10.6 1.8 2.9
2.A OASDI: Coverage, Financing, & Insured Status

CONTACT: Greg Diez/Curt Pauzenga (410) 965-0153/7210 for further information.

88 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Table 2.A4.—Maximum annual amount of contribution, 1937–2001

Year

Employee Self-employed person

Total

OASDHI

Total

OASDI OASI DI HI

Total

OASDHI

Total

 OASDI OASI DI HI

1937–49...................................... $30.00 $30.00 $30.00 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1950............................................ 45.00 45.00 45.00 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1951–53...................................... 54.00 54.00 54.00 . . . . . . $81.00 $81.00 $81.00 . . . . . .

1954............................................ 72.00 72.00 72.00 . . . . . . 108.00 108.00 108.00 . . . . . .

1955–56...................................... 84.00 84.00 84.00 . . . . . . 126.00 126.00 126.00 . . . . . .

1957–58...................................... 94.50 94.50 84.00 $10.50 . . . 141.75 141.75 126.00 $15.75 . . .

1959............................................ 120.00 120.00 108.00 12.00 . . . 180.00 180.00 162.00 18.00 . . .

1960–61...................................... 144.00 144.00 132.00 12.00 . . . 216.00 216.00 198.00 18.00 . . .

1962............................................ 150.00 150.00 138.00 12.00 . . . 225.60 225.60 207.60 18.00 . . .

1963–65...................................... 174.00 174.00 162.00 12.00 . . . 259.20 259.20 241.20 18.00 . . .

1966............................................ 277.20 254.10 231.00 23.10 $23.10 405.90 382.80 348.15 34.65 $23.10

1967............................................ 290.40 257.40 234.30 23.10 33.00 422.40 389.40 354.75 34.65 33.00

1968............................................ 343.20 296.40 259.35 37.05 46.80 499.20 452.40 396.825 55.575 46.80

1969............................................ 374.40 327.60 290.55 37.05 46.80 538.20 491.40 435.825 55.575 46.80

1970............................................ 374.40 327.60 284.70 42.90 46.80 538.20 491.40 427.05 64.35 46.80

1971............................................ 405.60 358.80 315.90 42.90 46.80 585.00 538.20 473.85 64.35 46.80

1972............................................ 468.00 414.00 364.50 49.50 54.00 675.00 621.00 546.75 74.25 54.00

1973............................................ 631.80 523.80 464.40 59.40 108.00 864.00 756.00 670.14 85.86 108.00

1974............................................ 772.20 653.40 577.50 75.90 118.80 1,042.80 924.00 816.42 107.58 118.80

1975............................................ 824.85 697.95 616.875 81.075 126.90 1,113.90 987.00 872.085 114.915 126.90

1976............................................ 895.05 757.35 669.375 87.975 137.70 1,208.70 1,071.00 946.305 124.695 137.70

1977............................................ 965.25 816.75 721.875 94.875 148.50 1,303.50 1,155.00 1,020.525 134.475 148.50

1978............................................ 1,070.85 893.85 756.675 137.175 177.00 1,433.70 1,256.70 1,063.77 192.93 177.00

1979............................................ 1,403.77 1,163.32 991.59 171.75 240.45 1,854.90 1,614.45 1,376.29 238.16 240.45

1980............................................ 1,587.67 1,315.72 1,170.68 145.04 271.95 2,097.90 1,825.95 1,624.58 201.37 271.95

1981............................................ 1,975.05 1,588.95 1,395.90 193.05 386.10 2,762.10 2,376.00 2,086.43 289.57 386.10

1982............................................ 2,170.80 1,749.60 1,482.30 267.30 421.20 3,029.40 2,608.20 2,207.25 400.95 421.20

1983............................................ 2,391.90 1,927.80 1,704.675 223.125 464.10 3,337.95 2,873.85 2,539.1625 334.6875 464.10

1984 1 .........................................

 1 Includes tax credit, see table 2.A5.

2,646.00 2,154.60 1,965.60 189.00 491.40 5,292.00 4,309.20 3,931.20 378.00 982.80

1985 1 ......................................... 2,791.80 2,257.20 2,059.20 198.00 534.60 5,583.60 4,514.40 4,118.40 396.00 1,069.20

1986 1 ......................................... 3,003.00 2,394.00 2,184.00 210.00 609.00 6,006.00 4,788.00 4,368.00 420.00 1,218.00

1987 1 ......................................... 3,131.70 2,496.60 2,277.60 219.00 635.10 6,263.40 4,993.20 4,555.20 438.00 1,270.20

1988 1 ......................................... 3,379.50 2,727.00 2,488.50 238.50 652.50 6,759.00 5,454.00 4,977.00 477.00 1,305.00

1989 1 ......................................... 3,604.80 2,908.80 2,654.40 254.40 696.00 7,209.60 5,817.60 5,308.80 508.80 1,392.00

1990............................................ 3,924.45 3,180.60 2,872.80 307.80 743.85 7,848.90 6,361.20 5,745.60 615.60 1,487.70

1991............................................ 5,123.30 3,310.80 2,990.40 320.40 1,812.50 10,246.60 6,621.60 5,980.80 640.80 3,625.00

1992............................................ 5,328.90 3,441.00 3,108.00 333.00 1,887.90 10,657.80 6,882.00 6,216.00 666.00 3,775.80

1993............................................ 5,528.70 3,571.20 3,225.60 345.60 1,957.50 11,057.40 7,142.40 6,451.20 691.20 3,915.00

1994............................................ 2 (2)

 2 Upper limit on earnings subject to HI taxes was repealed by the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act (OBRA) of 1993. 

3,757.20 3,187.56 569.64 (2) (2) 7,514.40 6,375.12 1,139.28 (2)

1995............................................ (2) 3,794.40 3,219.12 575.28 (2) (2) 7,588.80 6,438.24 1,150.56 (2)

1996............................................ (2) 3,887.40 3,298.02 589.38 (2) (2) 7,774.80 6,596.04 1,178.76 (2)

1997............................................ (2) 4,054.80 3,498.90 555.90 (2) (2) 8,109.60 6,997.80 1,111.80 (2)

1998............................................ (2) 4,240.80 3,659.40 581.40 (2) (2) 8,481.60 7,318.80 1,162.80 (2)

1999............................................ (2) 4,501.20 3,884.10 617.10 (2) (2) 9,002.40 7,768.20 1,234.20 (2)

2000............................................ (2) 4,724.40 4,038.60 685.80 (2) (2) 9,448.80 8,077.20 1,371.60 (2)

2001............................................ (2) 4,984.80 4,261.20 723.60 (2) (2) 9,969.60 8,522.40 1,447.20 (2)
2.A OASDI: Coverage, Financing, & Insured Status

CONTACT: Greg Diez/Curt Pauzenga (410) 965-0153/7210 for further information.

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 89

Table 2.A5.—Tax credits, 1983–1989 1 

 1 During this period, scheduled taxes were credited to the Social Security trust funds, monies for tax credits were paid from the Treasury, and the 

reduced tax rates were paid by employees and the self-employed. 

Year 

enacted Group Tax payable under—

Percent

of earnings Tax credit, effective with respect to—

1983 .......... Employee Federal Insurance

Contributions Act (FICA)

0.3 Remuneration paid in calendar year 1984

Self-employed Self-Employment 2.7 Self-employment income for taxable years beginning in 1984

Contributions Act (SECA) 2.3 Self-employment income for taxable years beginning in 1985

2.0 Self-employment income for taxable years beginning in 1986, 1987, 

1988, and 1989

Table 2.A6.—Appropriations from general revenues and interfund borrowing

Year 

enacted Type of transaction Provision

1935 .................. Appropriations from

 general revenues

Annual appropriations to the old-age reserve account to provide payments; direct appropriation 

to pay for administrative expenses.

1939 .................. Trust fund created from which benefits and administrative expenses were to be paid.

1944 .................. General authorization to finance benefits and payments.

1947 .................. For cost of gratuitous military service wage credits.

1950 .................. General authorization repealed.

1951 .................. Railroad interchange provisions enacted.

1956 .................. For cost of gratuitous military service wage credits.

1966 .................. For cost of transitional uninsured monthly benefits for those aged 72 and older with fewer than 

3 quarters of coverage.

1972 .................. For cost of gratuitous wage credits for Japanese-American internees.

1983 .................. A lump-sum payment to the OASDI trust funds equal to (1) the present value of the estimated 

additional benefits arising from the gratuitous military service wage credits for service before 

1957 and (2) the amount of the combined employer-employee OASDI taxes on the gratuitous 

wage credits for service after 1956 and before 1984 but less any amounts previously transferred. 

After 1983, the trust funds will be reimbursed on a current basis for employer-employee taxes on 

such wage credits for service after 1983.

A lump-sum payment to the OASDI trust funds representing the amount of uncashed benefit 

checks (including interest) issued in the past. In the future, the trust funds will be credited on a 

regular basis. All transfers made for uncashed benefit checks will be subject to the annual 

appropriation process.

Transfers in each year from the Treasury Department to the OASDI trust funds amounts equal to 

income tax receipts attributable to inclusion of Social Security benefits in taxable income.

For tax credits for part of the 1984 employment FICA tax and part of the tax on self-employment 

income under SECA for 1984–89, see table 2.A5.

1993 .................. Transfers in each year from the Treasury Department to the HI trust fund of amounts equal to 

income tax receipts attributable to the increased portions of Social Security benefits included in 

taxable income under the1993 Act.

1981 .................. Interfund borrowing Interfund borrowing permitted among OASI, DI, and HI trust funds as needed until

Dec. 31,1982. For all or part of any loan to be repaid, the managing trustee determines if assets 

of borrowing trust fund(s) are sufficient for that purpose. Interest with respect to any outstanding 

loan balance at a rate equal to the rate earned by lending trust fund is transferred from time to 

time.

1983 .................. Interfund borrowing reauthorized among OASI, DI, and HI trust funds for calendar years 

1983–87, with provisions for scheduled repayment, no later than Dec. 31, 1989, of principal and 

interest (including amounts borrowed in 1982). No borrowing permitted from any fund that has 

been reduced to specified levels.
2.A OASDI: Coverage, Financing, & Insured Status

90 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Table 2.A7.—Insured status (benefit eligibility)

Year 

enacted Eligibility concept Provision

1939 .......................... Quarter of coverage (QC) Calendar quarter in which $50 of wages is earned. Four QC are credited for covered earnings 

equal to maximum limitation for the year.

1946 .......................... Calendar quarter in which $50 of wages is paid.

1950 .......................... Calendar quarter credited with $100 of self-employment income (reported annually).

1954 .......................... Calendar quarter credited with $100 of agricultural wages (reported annually).

1977 .......................... Calendar quarters of coverage (up to 4) for each $250 of annual earnings, effective Jan. 1, 1978 

(effective on Jan. 1 of each year, dollar amount subject to automatic increase):

Amount Year

$260........................................................ 1979

 290........................................................ 1980

 310........................................................ 1981

 340........................................................ 1982

 370........................................................ 1983

 390........................................................ 1984

 410........................................................ 1985

 440........................................................ 1986

 460........................................................ 1987

 470........................................................ 1988

 500........................................................ 1989

 520........................................................ 1990

 540........................................................ 1991

 570........................................................ 1992

 590........................................................ 1993

 620........................................................ 1994

 630........................................................ 1995

 640........................................................ 1996

 670........................................................ 1997

 700........................................................ 1998

 740........................................................ 1999

 780........................................................ 2000

 830........................................................ 2001

1954 .......................... Disability definition Inability to engage in substantial gainful activity because of any medically determinable permanent 

physical or mental impairment.

1965 .......................... Disability lasting at least 12 months. For blind persons aged 55–64, inability to engage in usual 

occupation.

1967 .......................... Disability that precludes engagement in any substantial gainful work existing in the national 

economy. For surviving spouse, disability precludes any gainful activity.

1990 .......................... More restrictive definition for surviving spouse eliminated.

1954 .......................... Period of disability Continuous period of at least 6 months as defined above or of blindness.

1972 .......................... At least 5 months of disability.

1935 .......................... Fully insured Cumulative wages of $2,000 and employment in each of 5 years after 1936 and before attainment 

of age 65.

1939 .......................... QC equal to one-half the quarters elapsed after 1936 (or quarter in which age 21 attained) and 

before quarter of death or attainment of age 65. Minimum 6 QC, maximum 40 QC.

1950 .......................... Elapsed period measured after 1950 (QC earned at any time are used).

1954 .......................... Period of disability excluded from elapsed period. Alternatively, QC earned in all quarters after 1954 

and before quarter in which age 65 attained (minimum 6 QC).

1956 .......................... Elapsed period measured to age 62 for women. Alternatively, QC earned in all except 4 quarters 

after 1954 and before quarter in which age 65 attained (62 for women).

1960 .......................... QC reduced to 1/3 the elapsed quarters.

1961 .......................... QC equal to years elapsed after 1950 (or year age 21 attained) and before year of death or age 65 

(62 for women).

1972 .......................... Elapsed period for men reaching age 62 after 1972, measured to age 62 or to 1975, if later.

1983 .......................... Any person aged 55 or older on Jan. 1, 1984, and employed by a nonprofit organization to whose 

employees coverage is extended solely by reason of the new compulsory coverage provision, will 

be deemed fully insured upon subsequently acquiring 6 QC if aged 60 or older on Jan. 1, 1984;

8 QC if aged 59; 12 QC if aged 58; 16 QC if aged 57; and 20 QC if aged 55 or 56.
2.A OASDI: Coverage, Financing, & Insured Status

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 91

1939 .......................... Currently insured 6 QC earned in 12 quarters before quarter of death.

1946 .......................... 6 QC earned in preceding 13 quarters, including quarter of death.

1950 .......................... Including quarter of retirement added.

1954 .......................... Including quarter of disablement added.

1954 .......................... Disability insured 20 QC earned in last 40 quarters, including quarter of disablement, and currently insured.

1956 .......................... Fully insured requirement added.

1958 .......................... Currently insured requirement eliminated.

1960 .......................... Alternatively, 20 QC earned before quarter of disablement (not necessarily in last 40 quarters) but 

QC earned in all quarters after 1950, with minimum of 6 QC.

1965 .......................... Alternatively, for blind under age 31, QC earned in one-half the quarters elapsed after age 21, with 

minimum of 6 QC. For blind under age 24, 6 QC earned in preceding 12 quarters.

1967 .......................... For all disabled under age 31, same alternative.

1972 .......................... For blind, requirement for recent QC eliminated.

1983 .......................... For those who become disabled again at age 31 or older and who were previously disabled before 

age 31, same alternative as that for those under age 31.

1965 .......................... Transitionally insured Same as fully insured, but minimum reduced to 3 QC.

1966 .......................... Requirement for special

age-72 monthly benefit

3 QC for each year elapsed after 1966 and before attainment of age 72. (No QC if aged 72 before 

1968.)

Table 2.A7.—Insured status (benefit eligibility)—Continued

Year 

enacted Eligibility concept Provision

CONTACT: Joseph Bondar/Curt Pauzenga (410) 965-0162/7210 for further information.
2.A OASDI: Benefit Computation & Automatic Adjustments 

92 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Table 2.A8.—Factors for indexing earnings, 1951–2001

Year

Annual

 maximum

 taxable

 earnings

Average

annual

 wage 1

Factors 2 for workers who were first eligible (attained age 62, became disabled, or died) in—

1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994

1951........................... $3,600 $2,799.16 6.1882208 6.5828713 6.9070864 7.1805649 7.5122465 7.7921948 8.1936795

1952........................... 3,600 2,973.32 5.8257503 6.1972845 6.5025090 6.7599687 7.0722223 7.3357728 7.7137409

1953........................... 3,600 3,139.44 5.5174872 5.8693621 6.1584359 6.4022724 6.6980035 6.9476085 7.3055768

1954........................... 3,600 3,155.64 5.4891623 5.8392307 6.1268205 6.3694053 6.6636182 6.9119418 7.2680724

1955........................... 4,200 3,301.44 5.2467469 5.5813554 5.8562445 6.0881161 6.3693358 6.6066928 6.9470958

1956........................... 4,200 3,532.36 4.9037527 5.2164870 5.4734059 5.6901194 5.9529550 6.1747953 6.4929452

1957........................... 4,200 3,641.72 4.7564942 5.0598371 5.3090408 5.5192464 5.7741891 5.9893677 6.2979636

1958........................... 4,200 3,673.80 4.7149600 5.0156541 5.2626817 5.4710518 5.7237683 5.9370679 6.2429691

1959........................... 4,200 3,855.80 4.4924062 4.7789071 5.0142746 5.2128093 5.4535972 5.6568287 5.9482909

1960........................... 4,800 4,007.12 4.3227605 4.5984423 4.8249216 5.0159591 5.2476542 5.4432111 5.7236669

1961........................... 4,800 4,086.76 4.2385215 4.5088310 4.7308968 4.9182115 5.1453915 5.3371375 5.6121279

1962........................... 4,800 4,291.40 4.0364030 4.2938225 4.5052990 4.6836813 4.9000280 5.0826304 5.3445076

1963........................... 4,800 4,396.64 3.9397858 4.1910436 4.3974581 4.5715706 4.7827386 4.9609702 5.2165790

1964........................... 4,800 4,576.32 3.7850981 4.0264907 4.2248007 4.3920770 4.5949540 4.7661877 5.0117605

1965........................... 4,800 4,658.72 3.7181500 3.9552731 4.1500756 4.3143932 4.5136819 4.6818869 4.9231162

1966........................... 6,600 4,938.36 3.5076058 3.7313015 3.9150730 4.0700860 4.2580897 4.4167699 4.6443394

1967........................... 6,600 5,213.44 3.3225318 3.5344245 3.7084996 3.8553335 4.0334175 4.1837251 4.3992872

1968........................... 7,800 5,571.76 3.1088597 3.3071256 3.4700059 3.6073969 3.7740283 3.9146697 4.1163690

1969........................... 7,800 5,893.76 2.9390101 3.1264439 3.2804254 3.4103102 3.5678378 3.7007954 3.8914751

1970........................... 7,800 6,186.24 2.8000563 2.9786284 3.1253298 3.2490738 3.3991536 3.5258251 3.7074895

1971........................... 7,800 6,497.08 2.6660931 2.8361218 2.9758045 3.0936282 3.2365278 3.3571389 3.5301120

1972........................... 9,000 7,133.80 2.4281337 2.5829866 2.7102021 2.8175096 2.9476548 3.0575009 3.2150355

1973........................... 10,800 7,580.16 2.2851523 2.4308867 2.5506111 2.6515997 2.7740813 2.8774591 3.0257171

1974........................... 13,200 8,030.76 2.1569341 2.2944914 2.4074982 2.5028204 2.6184296 2.7160070 2.8559464

1975........................... 14,100 8,630.92 2.0069494 2.1349416 2.2400903 2.3287842 2.4363544 2.5271466 2.6573552

1976........................... 15,300 9,226.48 1.8774029 1.9971333 2.0954947 2.1784635 2.2790902 2.3640218 2.4858256

1977........................... 16,500 9,779.44 1.7712487 1.8842091 1.9770089 2.0552864 2.1502233 2.2303527 2.3452693

1978........................... 17,700 10,556.03 1.6409408 1.7455909 1.8315636 1.9040823 1.9920349 2.0662692 2.1727316

1979........................... 22,900 11,479.46 1.5089403 1.6051722 1.6842290 1.7509142 1.8317917 1.9000545 1.9979529

1980........................... 25,900 12,513.46 1.3842550 1.4725352 1.5450595 1.6062344 1.6804289 1.7430511 1.8328600

1981........................... 29,700 13,773.10 1.2576559 1.3378622 1.4037537 1.4593338 1.5267427 1.5836377 1.6652330

1982........................... 32,400 14,531.34 1.1920318 1.2680530 1.3305063 1.3831863 1.4470778 1.5010040 1.5783417

1983........................... 35,700 15,239.24 1.1366590 1.2091489 1.2687011 1.3189339 1.3798575 1.4312787 1.5050239

1984........................... 37,800 16,135.07 1.0735510 1.1420161 1.1982619 1.2457058 1.3032469 1.3518132 1.4214639

1985........................... 39,600 16,822.51 1.0296811 1.0953484 1.1492958 1.1948009 1.2499906 1.2965723 1.3633768

1986........................... 42,000 17,321.82 1.0000000 1.0637745 1.1161668 1.1603602 1.2139590 1.2591979 1.3240768

1987........................... 43,800 18,426.51 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0492513 1.0907953 1.1411808 1.1837076 1.2446969

1988........................... 45,000 19,334.04 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0395939 1.0876144 1.1281450 1.1862715

1989........................... 48,000 20,099.55 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0461916 1.0851785 1.1410912

1990........................... 51,300 21,027.98 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0372656 1.0907096

1991........................... 53,400 21,811.60 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0515240

1992........................... 55,500 22,935.42 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0000000

1993........................... 57,600 23,132.67 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0000000

1994........................... 60,600 23,753.53 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0000000

1995........................... 61,200 24,705.66 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0000000

1996........................... 62,700 25,913.90 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0000000

1997........................... 65,400 27,426.00 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0000000

1998........................... 68,400 28,861.44 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0000000

1999........................... 72,600 30,469.84 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0000000

2000........................... 76,200 . . . 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0000000

2001........................... 80,400 . . . 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0000000

See footnotes at end of table.
 OASDI: Benefit Computation & Automatic Adjustments

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 93

Table 2.A8.—Factors for indexing earnings, 1951–2001—Continued

Year

Annual

 maximum

 taxable

 earnings

Average

annual

 wage1

1 National average wage levels. For years before 1978, average wages were determined from wages earned during the first quarter of the year and reported to the 

Social Security Administration (SSA) for Social Security tax purposes. These wages were then multiplied by 4 to obtain the average wage for the year. For 1973–77, from 

data collected on all taxable wages reported to SSA; for 1957–72, based on 1% statistical sample; for 1951–56, based on 1/10 of 1% statistical sample. For 1978–84, 

from wage data collected by the Internal Revenue Service during processing of annual tax returns. For years after 1984, from W-2 data processed by SSA. For years 

after 1977, the average wage amounts have been adjusted to be consistent with the pre-1978 series. 

Factors 2 for workers who were first eligible (attained age 62, became disabled, or died) in—

2 The indexing factor for a given year represents the ratio of the average annual wage (col. 2) for the second year before the year of first eligibility to the average annual 

wage for the year to be indexed. Multiplying a worker’s covered earnings, up to the maximum taxable amounts for various years after 1951, by the indicated factors gives 

the indexed earnings. Earnings in the year before the year of first eligibility, and any earnings thereafter, are not indexed. The actual taxable earnings for those years are 

considered in calculating the average indexed earnings (AIME).

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001

1951........................... $3,600 $2,799.16 8.2641471 8.4859494 8.8260978 9.2577416 9.7979394 10.3107504 10.8853513

1952........................... 3,600 2,973.32 7.7800809 7.9888912 8.3091157 8.7154763 9.2240324 9.7068059 10.2477500

1953........................... 3,600 3,139.44 7.3684065 7.5661679 7.8694481 8.2543065 8.7359529 9.1931809 9.7055016

1954........................... 3,600 3,155.64 7.3305795 7.5273257 7.8290489 8.2119317 8.6911054 9.1459862 9.6556768

1955........................... 4,200 3,301.44 7.0068425 7.1948998 7.4832982 7.8492718 8.3072841 8.7420762 9.2292575

1956........................... 4,200 3,532.36 6.5487861 6.7245496 6.9940946 7.3361435 7.7642143 8.1705828 8.6259158

1957........................... 4,200 3,641.72 6.3521276 6.5226129 6.7840636 7.1158409 7.5310568 7.9252221 8.3668816

1958........................... 4,200 3,673.80 6.2966601 6.4656568 6.7248244 7.0537046 7.4652948 7.8560183 8.2938211

1959........................... 4,800 3,855.80 5.9994476 6.1604673 6.4074018 6.7207583 7.1129208 7.4852015 7.9023393

1960........................... 4,800 4,007.12 5.7728918 5.9278310 6.1654405 6.4669638 6.8443171 7.2025395 7.6039250

1961........................... 4,800 4,086.76 5.6603936 5.8123134 6.0452926 6.3409400 6.7109397 7.0621813 7.4557449

1962........................... 4,800 4,291.40 5.3904716 5.5351470 5.7570164 6.0385655 6.3909214 6.7254136 7.1002097

1963........................... 4,800 4,396.64 5.2614428 5.4026552 5.6192138 5.8940236 6.2379453 6.5644310 6.9302558

1964........................... 4,800 4,576.32 5.0548629 5.1905308 5.3985866 5.6626066 5.9930250 6.3066918 6.6581533

1965........................... 4,800 4,658.72 4.9654562 5.0987245 5.3031004 5.5624506 5.8870248 6.1951437 6.5403888

1966........................... 6,600 4,938.36 4.6842818 4.8100037 5.0028066 5.2474708 5.5536656 5.8443370 6.1700322

1967........................... 6,600 5,213.44 4.4371221 4.5562105 4.7388404 4.9705952 5.2606341 5.5359686 5.8444789

1968........................... 7,800 5,571.76 4.1517707 4.2632005 4.4340855 4.6509361 4.9223226 5.1799503 5.4686203

1969........................... 7,800 5,893.76 3.9249427 4.0302846 4.1918334 4.3968367 4.6533961 4.8969486 5.1698474

1970........................... 7,800 6,186.24 3.7393748 3.8397363 3.9936472 4.1889581 4.4333876 4.6654252 4.9254216

1971........................... 7,800 6,497.08 3.5604718 3.6560316 3.8025790 3.9885456 4.2212809 4.4422171 4.6897745

1972........................... 9,000 7,133.80 3.2426855 3.3297163 3.4631837 3.6325521 3.8445148 4.0457316 4.2711935

1973........................... 10,800 7,580.16 3.0517390 3.1336449 3.2592531 3.4186482 3.6181294 3.8074975 4.0196830

1974........................... 13,200 8,030.76 2.8805082 2.9578184 3.0763788 3.2268303 3.4151189 3.5938616 3.7941415

1975........................... 14,100 8,630.92 2.6802091 2.7521435 2.8624596 3.0024493 3.1776450 3.3439587 3.5303119

1976........................... 15,300 9,226.48 2.5072043 2.5744954 2.6776907 2.8086443 2.9725312 3.1281095 3.3024339

1977........................... 16,500 9,779.44 2.3654391 2.4289254 2.5262858 2.6498348 2.8044551 2.9512365 3.1157040

1978........................... 17,700 10,556.03 2.1914176 2.2502333 2.3404310 2.4548907 2.5981359 2.7341188 2.8864867

1979........................... 22,900 11,479.46 2.0151357 2.0692202 2.1521622 2.2574145 2.3891368 2.5141810 2.6542921

1980........................... 25,900 12,513.46 1.8486230 1.8982384 1.9743268 2.0708821 2.1917200 2.3064316 2.4349652

1981........................... 29,700 13,773.10 1.6795543 1.7246321 1.7937618 1.8814864 1.9912728 2.0954934 2.2122717

1982........................... 32,400 14,531.34 1.5919158 1.6346414 1.7001639 1.7833111 1.8873690 1.9861513 2.0968362

1983........................... 35,700 15,239.24 1.5179674 1.5587083 1.6211871 1.7004719 1.7996960 1.8938897 1.9994330

1984........................... 37,800 16,135.07 1.4336889 1.4721678 1.5311777 1.6060606 1.6997757 1.7887397 1.8884232

1985........................... 39,600 16,822.51 1.3751022 1.4120087 1.4686072 1.5404301 1.6303156 1.7156441 1.8112541

1986........................... 42,000 17,321.82 1.3354642 1.3713068 1.4262739 1.4960264 1.5833209 1.6661898 1.7590438

1987........................... 43,800 18,426.51 1.2554016 1.2890954 1.3407672 1.4063379 1.4883991 1.5662999 1.6535871

1988........................... 45,000 19,334.04 1.1964737 1.2285860 1.2778323 1.3403251 1.4185344 1.4927785 1.5759686

1989........................... 48,000 20,099.55 1.1509049 1.1817941 1.2291648 1.2892776 1.3645082 1.4359247 1.5159464

1990........................... 51,300 21,027.98 1.1000900 1.1296154 1.1748946 1.2323533 1.3042622 1.3725256 1.4490141

1991........................... 53,400 21,811.60 1.0605673 1.0890320 1.1326844 1.1880788 1.2574043 1.3232152 1.3969557

1992........................... 55,500 22,935.42 1.0086002 1.0356702 1.0771837 1.1298638 1.1957924 1.2583785 1.3285059

1993........................... 57,600 23,132.67 1.0000000 1.0268391 1.0679986 1.1202295 1.1855960 1.2476485 1.3171778

1994........................... 60,600 23,753.53 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0400837 1.0909494 1.1546073 1.2150379 1.2827500

1995........................... 61,200 24,705.66 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0489054 1.1101100 1.1682117 1.2333141

1996........................... 62,700 25,913.90 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0583509 1.1137436 1.1758107

1997........................... 65,400 27,426.00 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0523387 1.1109837

1998........................... 68,400 28,861.44 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0557283

1999........................... 72,600 30,469.84 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0000000

2000........................... 76,200 . . . 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0000000

2001........................... 80,400 . . . 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0000000

CONTACT: Joseph Bondar/Curt Pauzenga (410) 965-0162/7210 for further information.
2.A OASDI: Benefit Computation & Automatic Adjustments 

CONTACT: Joseph Bondar/Curt Pauzenga (410) 965-0162/7210 for further information.

94 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Table 2.A9.—Indexed earnings for workers with maximum earnings, 1951–2001

Year

Annual

 maximum

 taxable

 earnings

Average

annual

 wage1

1 National average wage levels. For years before 1978, average wages were determined from wages earned during the first quarter of the year and reported to the 

Social Security Administration (SSA) for Social Security tax purposes. These wages were then multiplied by 4 to obtain the average wage for the year. For 1973–77, from 

data collected on all taxable wages reported to SSA; for 1957–72, based on 1percent statistical sample; for 1951–56, based on 1/10 of 1 percent statistical sample. For 

1978–84, from wage data collected by the Internal Revenue Service during processing of annual tax returns. For years after 1984, from W-2 data processed by SSA. For 

years after 1977, the average wage amounts have been adjusted to be consistent with the pre-1978 series. 

Annual maximum indexed earnings 2 for workers who were first eligible

 (attained age 62, became disabled, or died) in—

2 A worker’s earnings for each year after 1950 and through the second year before the year of first eligibility are indexed by multiplying covered earnings, up to the 

maximum taxable amounts, by specified indexing factors (see table 2.A8). The indexing factor for a given year represents the ratio of the average annual wage (col. 2) for 

the second year before the year of first eligibility to the average annual wage for the year to be indexed. For example, if the year of first eligibility is 1999, the indexing 

factor for 1982 is $27,426.00/14,531.34, or 1.8873690. Multiplication of maximum taxable earnings of $32,400 for 1982 by this factor gives maximum indexed earnings of 

$61,150.75 for 1982.

1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001

1951........................... $3,600 $2,799.16 $29,497.25 $29,750.93 $30,549.42 $31,773.95 $33,327.87 $35,272.58 $37,118.70 $39,187.26

1952........................... 3,600 2,973.32 27,769.47 28,008.29 28,760.01 29,912.82 31,375.71 33,206.52 34,944.50 36,891.90

1953........................... 3,600 3,139.44 26,300.08 26,526.26 27,238.20 28,330.01 29,715.50 31,449.43 33,095.45 34,939.81

1954........................... 3,600 3,155.64 26,165.06 26,390.09 27,098.37 28,184.58 29,562.95 31,287.98 32,925.55 34,760.44

1955........................... 4,200 3,301.44 29,177.80 29,428.74 30,218.58 31,429.85 32,966.94 34,890.59 36,716.72 38,762.88

1956........................... 4,200 3,532.36 27,270.37 27,504.90 28,243.11 29,375.20 30,811.80 32,609.70 34,316.45 36,228.85

1957........................... 4,200 3,641.72 26,451.45 26,678.94 27,394.97 28,493.07 29,886.53 31,630.44 33,285.93 35,140.90

1958........................... 4,200 3,673.80 26,220.47 26,445.97 27,155.76 28,244.26 29,625.56 31,354.24 32,995.28 34,834.05

1959........................... 4,800 3,855.80 28,551.80 28,797.35 29,570.24 30,755.53 32,259.64 34,142.02 35,928.97 37,931.23

1960........................... 4,800 4,007.12 27,473.60 27,709.88 28,453.59 29,594.11 31,041.43 32,852.72 34,572.19 36,498.84

1961........................... 4,800 4,086.76 26,938.21 27,169.89 27,899.10 29,017.40 30,436.51 32,212.51 33,898.47 35,787.58

1962........................... 4,800 4,291.40 25,653.64 25,874.26 26,568.71 27,633.68 28,985.11 30,676.42 32,281.99 34,081.01

1963........................... 4,800 4,396.64 25,039.58 25,254.93 25,932.75 26,972.23 28,291.31 29,942.14 31,509.27 33,265.23

1964........................... 4,800 4,576.32 24,056.45 24,263.34 24,914.55 25,913.22 27,180.51 28,766.52 30,272.12 31,959.14

1965........................... 4,800 4,658.72 23,630.96 23,834.19 24,473.88 25,454.88 26,699.76 28,257.72 29,736.69 31,393.87

1966........................... 6,600 4,938.36 30,652.64 30,916.26 31,746.02 33,018.52 34,633.31 36,654.19 38,572.62 40,722.21

1967........................... 6,600 5,213.44 29,035.30 29,285.01 30,070.99 31,276.35 32,805.93 34,720.18 36,537.39 38,573.56

1968........................... 7,800 5,571.76 32,107.68 32,383.81 33,252.96 34,585.87 36,277.30 38,394.12 40,403.61 42,655.24

1969........................... 7,800 5,893.76 30,353.51 30,614.55 31,436.22 32,696.30 34,295.33 36,296.49 38,196.20 40,324.81

1970........................... 7,800 6,186.24 28,918.42 29,167.12 29,949.94 31,150.45 32,673.87 34,580.42 36,390.32 38,418.29

1971........................... 7,800 6,497.08 27,534.87 27,771.68 28,517.05 29,660.12 31,110.66 32,925.99 34,649.29 36,580.24

1972........................... 9,000 7,133.80 28,935.32 29,184.17 29,967.45 31,168.65 32,692.97 34,600.63 36,411.58 38,440.74

1973........................... 10,800 7,580.16 32,677.75 32,958.78 33,843.37 35,199.93 36,921.40 39,075.80 41,120.97 43,412.58

1974........................... 13,200 8,030.76 37,698.49 38,022.71 39,043.20 40,608.20 42,594.16 45,079.57 47,438.97 50,082.67

1975........................... 14,100 8,630.92 37,468.71 37,790.95 38,805.22 40,360.68 42,334.54 44,804.79 47,149.82 49,777.40

1976........................... 15,300 9,226.48 38,033.13 38,360.23 39,389.78 40,968.67 42,972.26 45,479.73 47,860.08 50,527.24

1977........................... 16,500 9,779.44 38,696.94 39,029.75 40,077.27 41,683.72 43,722.27 46,273.51 48,695.40 51,409.12

1978........................... 17,700 10,556.03 38,457.35 38,788.09 39,829.13 41,425.63 43,451.57 45,987.00 48,393.90 51,090.81

1979........................... 22,900 11,479.46 45,753.12 46,146.61 47,385.14 49,284.51 51,694.79 54,711.23 57,574.74 60,783.29

1980........................... 25,900 12,513.46 47,471.07 47,879.34 49,164.37 51,135.07 53,635.85 56,765.55 59,736.58 63,065.60

1981........................... 29,700 13,773.10 49,457.42 49,882.76 51,221.57 53,274.72 55,880.15 59,140.80 62,236.15 65,704.47

1982........................... 32,400 14,531.34 51,138.27 51,578.07 52,962.38 55,085.31 57,779.28 61,150.75 64,351.30 67,937.49

1983........................... 35,700 15,239.24 53,729.35 54,191.44 55,645.89 57,876.38 60,706.85 64,249.15 67,611.86 71,379.76

1984........................... 37,800 16,135.07 53,731.34 54,193.44 55,647.94 57,878.52 60,709.09 64,251.52 67,614.36 71,382.40

1985........................... 39,600 16,822.51 53,989.72 54,454.05 55,915.54 58,156.85 61,001.03 64,560.50 67,939.51 71,725.66

1986........................... 42,000 17,321.82 55,611.23 56,089.50 57,594.89 59,903.50 62,833.11 66,499.48 69,979.97 73,879.84

1987........................... 43,800 18,426.51 54,517.72 54,986.59 56,462.38 58,725.60 61,597.60 65,191.88 68,603.93 72,427.12

1988........................... 45,000 19,334.04 53,382.22 53,841.32 55,286.37 57,502.45 60,314.63 63,834.05 67,175.03 70,918.59

1989........................... 48,000 20,099.55 54,772.38 55,243.43 56,726.12 58,999.91 61,885.33 65,496.39 68,924.38 72,765.43

1990........................... 51,300 21,027.98 55,953.40 56,434.62 57,949.27 60,272.09 63,219.72 66,908.65 70,410.56 74,334.42

1991........................... 53,400 21,811.60 56,151.38 56,634.29 58,154.31 60,485.35 63,443.41 67,145.39 70,659.69 74,597.44

1992........................... 55,500 22,935.42 55,500.00 55,977.31 57,479.69 59,783.69 62,707.44 66,366.48 69,840.01 73,732.08

1993........................... 57,600 23,132.67 57,600.00 57,600.00 59,145.93 61,516.72 64,525.22 68,290.33 71,864.55 75,869.44

1994........................... 60,600 23,753.53 60,600.00 60,600.00 60,600.00 63,029.07 66,111.54 69,969.20 73,631.30 77,734.65

1995........................... 61,200 24,705.66 61,200.00 61,200.00 61,200.00 61,200.00 64,193.01 67,938.73 71,494.55 75,478.83

1996........................... 62,700 25,913.90 62,700.00 62,700.00 62,700.00 62,700.00 62,700.00 66,358.60 69,831.72 73,723.33

1997........................... 65,400 27,426.00 65,400.00 65,400.00 65,400.00 65,400.00 65,400.00 65,400.00 68,822.95 72,658.34

1998........................... 68,400 28,861.44 68,400.00 68,400.00 68,400.00 68,400.00 68,400.00 68,400.00 68,400.00 72,211.82

1999........................... 72,600 30,469.84 72,600.00 72,600.00 72,600.00 72,600.00 72,600.00 72,600.00 72,600.00 72,600.00

2000........................... 76,200 . . . 76,200.00 76,200.00 76,200.00 76,200.00 76,200.00 76,200.00 76,200.00 76,200.00

2001........................... 80,400 . . . 80,400.00 80,400.00 80,400.00 80,400.00 80,400.00 80,400.00 80,400.00 80,400.00
 2.A OASDI: Benefit Computation & Automatic Adjustments

CONTACT: Joseph Bondar/Curt Pauzenga (410) 965-0162/7210 for further information.

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 95

Table 2.A10.—Average monthly wage (AMW) and average indexed monthly earnings (AIME)

Year

enacted Earnings measure Provision

1939 ........................ AMW Computed using creditable earnings after 1936 and before year of death or retirement, divided by 

months after 1936 and before quarter of death or retirement, excluding months before age 22 in quarters 

not QC.

1950 ........................ Alternatively, computed using creditable earnings after 1950 (or year aged 21, if later) and before year of 

death, year of retirement or subsequent year, or year age 65 attained if then insured, divided by number 

of months in those years. 

1954 ........................ Earnings and months in 4 years may be excluded in all cases, 5 years if worker has 20 QC. Period of 

disability may be excluded.

1956 ........................ Earnings and months in 5 years may be excluded in all cases. Computation period may end at age 62 for 

women then insured.

1960 ........................ Earnings may be used for any year after 1950 and before year of retirement but including year of death 

with the number of years equal to the years elapsed after 1955 (or year age 26 attained) and before year 

of death or age 65 attained (62 for women).

Same method may be used for earnings after 1936 and year elapsed after 1941.

1972 ........................ Number of years for men reaching age 62 after 1972, measured to age 62 or to 1975, if later.

1977 ........................ For workers who attain age 62, become disabled, or die after 1978, excludes earnings in year of 

attainment of age 62 and later, computed using creditable earnings after 1936.

For workers who attain age 62 after 1978 and before 1984, excludes earnings in year of attainment of 

age 62 and later, computed using creditable earnings after 1950.

1977 ........................ AIME For workers who attain age 62, become disabled, or die after 1978, AIME is computed by using indexed 

earnings after 1950 for the same computation period applicable in calculating the AMW. Indexed 

earnings for a given year equal actual creditable earnings multiplied by the national average wage for the 

second year before worker attains age 62, becomes disabled, or dies, divided by the national average 

wage for the given year, except that for years after the second year before the worker attains age 62, 

becomes disabled, or dies, indexed earnings equal actual creditable earnings.

1980 ........................ For disabled workers, the number of years of earnings used equals the number of years elapsed after 

1950 (or year age 21 attained, if later) and before year of disability, minus dropout years equal to onefifth of the number of elapsed years rounded to the next lower integer (to a maximum of 5 dropout years). 

However, the number of years of earnings used is at least 2. Effective for initial entitlement after June 

1980.

Disabled workers who receive less than 3 dropout years under the one-fifth rule may be credited with 

additional dropout years based on child care, up to a total of 3 dropout years. (To receive this credit, a 

worker must have had no earnings in that year and have been liviing with a child under age 3.) However, 

the number of years of earnings used is at least 2. Effective for July 1981.

1983 ........................ For workers who die after 1978 but before attaining age 62, indexed earnings for a given year equal 

actual creditable earnings, multipled by the national average wage for the earlier of (1) the year in which 

the worker reached or would have reached age 60 or (2) the second year before the survivor becomes 

eligible for aged or disabled widow(er) benefits, and then divided by the national average wage for the 

given year. This computation method applies only if it results in a higher benefit. Effective for surviving 

spouses newly eligible after 1984.
2.A OASDI: Benefit Computation & Automatic Adjustments

CONTACT: Joseph Bondar/Curt Pauzenga (410) 965-0162/7210 for further information.

96 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2000

Table 2.A11.—Formulas for computing PIA from AIME, increases in PIA based on cost-of-living adjustments, and minimum 

PIA, for workers who were first eligible (attained age 62, became disabled, or died) in 1979 or later

Year

enacted

Year

of first eligibility

Percentage of AIME applicable to PIA First applicable cost-of-living adjustment

Minimum PIA

based on

indexed earnings

90 percent

of first—

Plus 32 percent

of next—

Plus 15 percent

above— Effective for—

Percentage

increase

1977 1 ......................

 1 The 1977 amendments provided for annual automatic adjustments of bend points (AIME brackets) in benefit formula in proportion to increases in average wage level. 

As a result, separate formulas are applicable to workers who were first eligible (attained age 62, became disabled, or died) in successive calendar years. The legislation also 

“froze” the minimum PIA at $122.

 2 1979

 2 For workers who attained age 62 in the 1979–1983 period, PIA cannot be less than that derived from PIA table in effect in December 1978 (approximated by PIA formula 

in table 2.A16) based on provisions in effect before 1979 but excluding earnings after year aged 61 in computations of AMW, and including any general benefit increase after 

year aged 61.

$180 $905 $1,085 June 1979 9.9 3 $122

 3 Not subject to automatic adjustments until earlier of year of attainment of age 65 or year of first receipt of benefits.

2 1980 194 977 1,171 1980 14.3 3 122

1981 4 ......................

 4 Minimum PIA eliminated by 1981 legislation for workers who attain age 62 or die after 1981 (after 1991 for members of certain religious orders). August 1981 

legislation would have eliminated the minimum PIA effective March 1982 for workers who attained age 62 before November 1981 or who died (before attaining age 62) 

before March 1982; for all others, the minimum would have been eliminated effective November 1981. This legislation was superseded by December 1981 legislation that 

restored the minimum PIA for workers who attained age 62 or died (before attaining age 62) before 1982.

2 1981 211 1,063 1,274 1981 11.2 3 122 2 1982 230 1,158 1,388 1982 7.4 (4)

1983......................... 2 1983 254 1,274 1,528 Dec. 1983 3.5 (4)

1984 267 1,345 1,612 1984 3.5 (4)

1985 280 1,411 1,691 1985 3.1 (4)

1986 297 1,493 1,790 1986 1.3 (4)

1987 310 1,556 1,866 1987 4.2 (4)

1988 319 1,603 1,922 1988 4.0 (4)

1989 339 1,705 2,044 1989 4.7 (4)

1990 356 1,789 2,145 1990 5.4 (4)

1991 370 1,860 2,230 1991 3.7 (4)

1992 387 1,946 2,333 1992 3.0 (4)

1993 401 2,019 2,420 1993 2.6 (4)

1994 422 2,123 2,545 1994 2.8 (4)

1995 426 2,141 2,567 1995 2.6 (4)

1996 437 2,198 2,635 1996 2.9 (4)

1997 455 2,286 2,741 1997 2.1 (4)

1998 477 2,398 2,875 1998 1.3 (4)

1999 505 2,538 3,043 1999 5 2.4

 5 The December 1999 cost–of–living adjustment (COLA) was originally determined to be 2.4 percent, based on the consumer price index (CPI). The underlying CPI was 

later recomputed by the Bureau of Labor Statistics; a 2.5 percent COLA would have been consistent with the recomputed CPI. Pursuant to P.L. 106–554, benefits will be 

calculated and paid in August 2001 and later as if the December 1999 COLA had been 2.5 percent. Affected beneficiaries will receive a one-time payment to cover the 

shortfall that occurred before August 2001.

(4)

2000 531 2,671 3,202 2000 3.5 (4)

2001 561 2,820 3,381 2001 . . . (4)
2.A OASDI: Benefit Computation & Automatic Adjustments

CONTACT: Joseph Bondar/Curt Pauzenga (410) 965-0162/7210 for further information.

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 97

Table 2.A11.1.—Computation of PIA based on Windfall Elimination Provision (WEP)

Year enacted Effective Provision

1983 ...................................... 1986 Workers first eligible for pensions based on noncovered employment 1 and disability or 

retired workers after Dec. 31, 1985. The benefit computation formula uses a reduced factor 

of the usual first AIME bendpoint.

 1 Reduction in PIA will not be greater than one-half of the periodic payment based on noncovered employment performed after 1956.

Factor Year eligible

80% 1986

70% 1987

60% 1988

50% 1989

40% 1990 and later

WEP is not applicable to persons who were federal employees or nonprofit employees on 

Jan. 1, 1984 and who were covered by Social Security on that date; to federal employees 

who switched to the Federal Employees Retirement System (FERS) during a special 

enrollment period and who have worked under FERS for 5 years; to persons with Railroad 

Retirement pensions; or to workers with 30 years of substantial Social Security earnings. 

Workers with 26–29 years of coverage have less than full WEP applied. 2 For benefits 

payable before January 1989:

 2 See table 2.A12. Before 1991, a year of substantial coverage for WEP was the same amount as for the minimum PIA (25 percent of the “old law” 

contribution and benefit base). For 1991 and following, a year of substantial coverage under WEP provisions remains 25 percent of the old law base, 

while the criterion for computing the special minimum PIA was changed to 15 percent of the base.

Factor Years of coverage

80% 29

70% 28

60% 27

50% 26

1988 ...................................... 1989 5% added to factor for each year of coverage over 20.

Factor Years of coverage

85% 29

80% 28

75% 27

70% 26

65% 25

60% 24

55% 23

40% 22

45% 21

1991 Earnings required for a year of substantial coverage (decoupled from the definition of a 

year of coverage for special minimum PIA). 2

Year Earnings

1991 $9,900

1992 10,350

1993 10,725

1994 11,250

1995 11,325

1996 11,625

1997 12,150

1998 12,675

1999 13,425

2000 14,175

2001 14,925
2.A OASDI: Benefit Computation & Automatic Adjustments

98 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Table 2.A12.—Special minimum PIA 1 (formula applies to years of coverage)

Year

 enacted

Years of coverage PIA computation

 Applicable 

period Number

 Amount 2

per year

 of coverage

 over 10 years

Maximum amount 2

for workers with

 30 or more years

of coverage Effective for–

1972 ........................... 1937–1950 The number (disregarding any remainder and not 

exceeding 14) obtained by dividing total creditable 

wages in 1937–1950 by $900

$8.50 $170.00 January 1973

After 1950 Number of years with creditable earnings equal to at 

least 25% of the effective annual maximum taxable 

earnings, that is:

1951–1954 ....................................... $900

1955–1958 ....................................... 1,050

1959–1965 ....................................... 1,200

1966–1967 ....................................... 1,650

1968–1971 ....................................... 1,950

1972 ................................................. 2,250

1973 ................................................. 2,700

1974 ................................................. 3,300

1975 ................................................. 3,525

1976 ................................................. 3,825

1977 ................................................. 4,125

1978 ................................................. 4,425

1973 ........................... . . . . . . 9.00 180.00 March 1974

1977 3 ......................... After 1978 Number of years with creditable earnings equal to 11.50 230.00 January 1979

 at least 25% of what the annual taxable maximum 4 12.64 252.80 June 1979

 would have been if the statutory increases 4 14.45 289.00 June 1980

 in the maximum under the 1977 amendments 4 16.07 321.40 June 1981

 had not been enacted (the “old law” contribution 4 17.26 345.10 June 1982

 and benefit base), that is: 4 17.86 357.10 December 1983

1979 ................................................. $4,725 4 18.49 369.50 December 1984

1980 ................................................. 5,100 4 19.06 380.90 December 1985

1981 ................................................. 5,500 4 19.31 385.80 December 1986

1982 ................................................. 6,075 4 20.12 402.00 December 1987

1983 ................................................. 6,675 4 20.92 418.00 December 1988

1984 ................................................. 7,050 4 21.90 437.60 December 1989

1985 ................................................. 7,425 4 23.08 461.20 December 1990

1986 ................................................. 7,875 4 23.93 478.20 December 1991

1987 ................................................. 8,175 4 24.65 492.50 December 1992

1988 ................................................. 8,400 4 25.29 505.30 December 1993

1989 ................................................. 8,925 4 26.00 519.40 December 1994

1990 ................................................. 9,525 4 26.68 532.90 December 1995 4 27.45 548.30 December 1996 4 28.03 559.80 December 1997 4 28.39 567.00 December 1998 4 29.07 5 580.60 December 1999 4 30.09 5 5 600.90 December 2000

See footnotes at end of table.
 2.A OASDI: Benefit Computation & Automatic Adjustments

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 99

1990 ........................... After 1990 Number of years with creditable earnings equal to at 

least 25% of what the annual taxable maximum would 

have been if the statutory increases in the maximum 

under the 1977 amendments had not been enacted 6

(the “old law” contribution and benefit base), that is:

. . . . . . . . .

1991 ................................................. $5,940

1992 ................................................. 6,210

1993 ................................................. 6,435

1994 ................................................. 6,750

1995 ................................................. 6,795

1996 ................................................. 6,975

1997 ................................................. 7,290

1998 ................................................. 7,605

1999 ................................................. 8,055

2000 ................................................. 8,505

2001 ................................................. 8,955

 1Alternative PIA applicable when it exceeds the regularly computed PIA. The usual rates of actuarial reduction apply for retirement before age 65. 

No delayed retirement credits are applicable to the benefit derived from the special minimum PIA. However, the resulting retirement benefit will be 

raised if necessary to equal the benefit derived from the regularly computed PIA plus any delayed retirement credits. 2The amount effective for a given month applies, as of that month, to all workers from the date of entitlement to benefits. 3Provision for future automatic cost–of–living increases of amount per year of coverage (and maximum amount), beginning with the June 1979 

increase. 4Factors were obtained by applying cost–of–living increases to initial 1979 factor of $11.50 and rounding each one to nearest cent. An approximate PIA may be computed by multiplying factor in year of entitlement by the number of years of coverage in excess of 10 with a maximum of 20. 

Actual PIA’s are published yearly in the Federal Register. 5The December 1999 cost–of–living adjustment (COLA) was originally determined to be 2.4%, based on the Consumer Price Index (CPI). The 

underlying CPI was later recomputed by the Bureau of Labor Statistics; a 2.5% COLA would have been consistent with the recomputed CPI. Pursuant to P.L. 106-554, benefits will be calculated and paid in August 2001 and later as if the December 1999 COLA had been 2.5%. Affected beneficiaries will receive a one–time payment to cover the shortfall that occurred before August 2001. The recomputed special minimum PIA for 1999 and 

2000 are $581.10 and $601.40, respectively. 6For 1991, and following, a year of substantial coverage under the Windfall Elimination Provision remains 25% of the old law base, while the

criterion for the special minimum PIA was changed to 15% of the base.

Table 2.A12.—Special minimum PIA 1 (formula applies to years of coverage)—Continued

Year

 enacted

Years of coverage PIA computation

 Applicable 

period Number

 Amount 2

per year

 of coverage

 over 10 years

Maximum amount 2

for workers with

 30 or more years

of coverage Effective for–

 CONTACT: Joseph Bondar/Curt Pauzenga (410) 965-0162/7210 for further information.
2.A OASDI: Benefit Computation & Automatic Adjustments 

CONTACT: Joseph Bondar/Curt Pauzenga (410) 965-0162/7210 for further information.

100 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Table 2.A13.—Formulas for computing maximum family benefit from PIA, and increases in maximum based on 

cost–of–living adjustments, for workers who attained age 62 or died (before attaining age 62) in 1979 or later

Year

enacted

Year of

first eligibility

Percentage of PIA applicable to maximum family benefit First applicable cost–of–living adjustment

150 percent

of first—

Plus 272 percent of

next—

Plus 134 percent of

next—

Plus 175 percent

above— Effective for—

Percentage

increase

1977 1 ............................

1 The 1977 amendments provided for annual automatic adjustments of bend points (PIA brackets) in maximum family benefit formula in proportion 

to increases in average wage level. As a result, separate formulas are applicable to workers first eligible in successive calendar years.

1979 $230 $102 $101 $433 June 1979 9.9

1980 248 110 109 467 1980 14.3

1981 270 120 118 508 1981 11.2

1982 294 131 129 554 1982 7.4

1983 324 144 142 610 Dec. 1983 3.5

1984 342 151 150 643 1984 3.5

1985 358 159 158 675 1985 3.1

1986 379 169 166 714 1986 1.3

1987 396 175 174 745 1987 4.2

1988 407 181 179 767 1988 4.0

1989 433 193 190 816 1989 4.7

1990 455 201 200 856 1990 5.4

1991 473 209 208 890 1991 3.7

1992 495 219 217 931 1992 3.0

1993 513 227 226 966 1993 2.6

1994 539 240 237 1,016 1994 2.8

1995 544 241 239 1,024 1995 2.6

1996 559 247 246 1,052 1996 2.9

1997 581 258 255 1,094 1997 2.1

1998 609 271 267 1,147 1998 1.3

1999 645 286 283 1,214 1999 2 2.4

2 The December 1999 cost–of–living adjustment (COLA) was originally determined to be 2.4 percent, based on the consumer price index (CPI). 

The underlying CPI was later recomputed by the Bureau of Labor Statistics; a 2.5 percent COLA would have been consistent with the recomputed 

CPI. Pursuant to P.L. 106–554, benefits will be calculated and paid in August 2001 and later as if the December 1999 COLA had been 2.5 percent. 

Affected beneficiaries will receive a one-time payment to cover the shortfall that occurred before August 2001.

2000 679 301 298 1,278 2000 3.5

2001 717 317 315 1,349 2001 . . .

Table 2.A14.—Formulas for computing maximum family benefit, and increases in maximum based on cost-of-living 

adjustments, for workers first eligible for disability benefits in 1979 or later

Year

enacted Year of first eligibility Formula for maximum family benefit

1977 1 ........................

1 The 1977 amendments provided for annual automatic adjustments of bend points (PIA brackets) in maximum family benefit formula in proportion 

to increases in average wage level. As a result, separate formulas are applicable to workers first eligible in successive calendar years.

1979 2

2 Applicability of formula limited to workers with initial entitlement before July 1980, as a result of 1980 amendments.

150% of first $230 of PIA + 272% of next $102 of PIA + 134% of next $101 of PIA 

+ 175% of PIA over $433 3

1980 2 150% of first $248 of PIA + 272% of next $110 of PIA + 134% of next $109 of PIA 

+ 175% of PIA over $467 3

3 Calculated amount subject to cost–of–living adjustments beginning with the one effective for June of the year of first eligibility.

1980 4 ........................

4 Formula for computing maximum family benefit revised effective for workers with initial entitlement in or after July 1980. New formula remains 

unchanged for workers eligible in successive calendar years because it has no bend points requiring adjustments.

1979 or later Smaller of (1) 85% of the AIME (or 100% of PIA, if larger) and (2) 150% of PIA 5

5 Calculated amount subject to cost–of–living adjustments beginning with the one effective in year of first eligibility (or in 1981, if later).
 2.A OASDI: Benefit Computation & Automatic Adjustments

CONTACT: Joseph Bondar/Curt Pauzenga (410) 965-0162/7210 for further information.

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 101

Table 2.A15.—Formulas for computing PIA1 from creditable earnings after 1936

 1 Old-age benefit under 1935 Act and a primary insurance benefit (PIB) under 1939 Act. Effective for September 1950, the PIB became an 

intermediate step in benefit computations based on creditable earnings after 1936; a conversion table was introduced into the law for determining the 

PIA from the PIB. Each time a benefit increase becomes effective (see table 2.A16 for benefit increases since 1950), a new conversion table 

incorporating the increase takes effect.

Year 

enacted Formula Special provisions Limited to— Effective for—

Formula applied to cumulative wages after 1936:

1935 ...... 1/2 of 1% of first $3,000 of wages plus

 1/12 of 1% of next $42,000 of wages plus

 1/24 of 1% of next $84,000 of wages

. . . . . . January 1942, but never 

applicable; superseded by 

new formula under 1939 Act.

Formula applied to AMW based on earnings after 1936:

1939 ...... 40% of first $50 of AMW plus

10% of next $200 of AMW Sum increased by 1% for 

each increment year—

year with at least $200 of 

creditable wages—to obtain 

primary insurance benefit 

(PIB).

. . . January 1940

1950 ...... . . . Number of increment years 

limited to 14 for years before 

1951. Conversion table in the 

law, reflecting 1950 benefit 

increase, introduced for 

determining PIA from PIB.

. . . September 1950

1960 ...... . . . . . . Workers with at least 1 QC 

before 1951 and, if age 22 

attained after 1950, with 

fewer than 6 QC after 1950.

Applications for benefits and 

recomputations filed after 

1960.

1967 ...... . . . 1967 simplified old-start 

formula: Total creditable 

wages for 1937–1950 

distributed over 9–14 years, 

with 14 increment years 

assumed.

Workers with at least 1 QC 

before 1951 who attained 

age 21 before 1937 or 

attained age 21 after 1950 

but with fewer than 6 QC. 2

 2 Under this computation method, a period of disability that began before 1951 is not taken into account. Earlier provisions remained in effect for 

workers who attained age 21 after 1936 and before 1951 or for whom consideration of a period of disability that began before 1951 resulted in a 

higher PIA.

Applications for benefits and 

recomputations filed after 

Jan. 2, 1968.

1977 ...... . . . 1977 simplified old-start 

formula: Total creditable 

wages for 1937–1950 

distributed over 1–14 years. 

Number of increment years 

equal to total 1937–1950 

wages, divided by $1,650, 

with 4–14 increment years 

credited.

Workers with at least 1 QC 

before 1951 who either 

attained age 22 after 1936 

and before 1950 or attained 

age 22 after 1950, but have 

fewer than 6 QC after 

1950. 3

 3 Under this computation method, a period of disability that began before 1951 is not taken into account. The 1967 simplified old-start method 

remained in effect for workers with first eligibility before 1978. The pre-1967 old-start formula remained in effect only for workers, irrespective of date 

of first eligibility, for whom consideration of a period of disability that began before 1951 resulted in a higher PIA.

Workers first eligible after 

1977.

1990 ...... . . . . . . Applicability of pre-1977 

formulas terminated. 1977 

old-start formula expanded 

to apply to all workers with 

pre-1951 earnings.

Persons becoming newly 

entitled after May 1992.
2.A OASDI: Benefit Computation & Automatic Adjustments

102 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Table 2.A16.—Formulas for computing PIA from AMW based on earnings after 1950, and percentage increases in PIA

Effective for....................................... Apr. 1952 Sept. 1952 Sept. 1954 Jan. 1959 Jan. 1965 Feb. 1968 Jan. 1970 Jan. 1971 Sept. 1972

Percentage increase in PIA .............. 1 77.0

 1 Average increase in benefits of about 77%--from 100% at the lowest level to 50% at the highest level.

 2 12.5

 2 Increase of 12.5% or $5, if larger.

 3 13.0

 3 Beginning June12 11 1975 all benefit increases are based on automatic cost-of-living adjustments.

 4 7.0

 4 Effective for January 1979. PIA formulas based on AMW after 1950 (as shown here) apply only to workers who attained age 62, became disabled, or died before 

1979.

 5 7.0

 5 Applied to next $150 effective for January 1973 and to next $350 effective for January 1979.

13.0 15.0 10.0 20.0

AMW Percentage of AMW applicable to PIA

First $110 .......................................... 6 50.00

 6 Applied to next $50.

6 55.00 55.00 58.85 62.97 71.16 81.83 90.01 108.01

Next 290............................................ 7 15.00

 7 Applied to next $100 before January 1975.

7 15.00 8 20.00

 8 Effective data for automatic cost-of-living adjustments moved from June to December beginning with 1983.

21.40 22.90 25.88 29.76 32.74 39.29

Next 150............................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . 21.40 24.18 27.81 30.59 36.71

Next 100............................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28.43 32.69 35.96 43.15

Next 100............................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20.00 24.00

Next 250............................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 9 20.00

 9 

Effective for....................................... June 1974 June 1975 June 1976 June 1977 June 1978 June 1979 June 1980 June 1981 June 1982

Percentage increase in PIA .............. 10 11.0 11 8.0 6.4 5.9 6.5 9.9 14.3 11.2 7.4

AMW Percentage of AMW applicable to PIA

First $110 .......................................... 119.89 129.48 137.77 145.90 155.38 170.76 195.18 217.04 233.10

Next 290............................................ 43.61 47.10 50.10 53.06 56.51 62.10 70.98 78.93 84.77

Next 150............................................ 40.75 44.01 46.82 49.58 52.81 58.04 66.34 73.77 79.23

Next 100............................................ 47.90 51.73 55.05 58.30 62.09 68.24 78.00 86.74 93.16

Next 100............................................ 26.64 28.77 30.61 32.42 34.53 37.95 43.38 48.24 51.81

Next 250............................................ 22.20 23.98 25.51 27.02 28.78 31.63 36.15 40.20 43.17

Next 175............................................ 10 12 20.00

 10 10 12 

21.60 22.98 24.34 25.92 28.49 32.56 36.21 38.89

Next 100............................................ . . . 10 11 20.00

 11 

21.28 22.54 24.01 26.39 30.16 33.54 36.02

Next 100............................................ . . . . . . 20.00 21.18 12 22.56

 12 

24.79 28.33 31.50 33.83

Next 100............................................ . . . . . . . . . 20.00 21.30 23.41 26.76 29.76 31.96

Next 435............................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . 20.00 21.98 25.12 27.93 30.00

Next 250............................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20.00 22.86 25.42 27.30

Next 315............................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20.00 22.24 23.89

Next 225............................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20.00 21.48

Next 275............................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20.00

Effective for....................................... Dec. 1983 Dec. 1984 Dec. 1985 Dec. 1986 Dec. 1987 Dec. 1988 Dec. 1989 Dec. 1990 Dec. 1991

Percentage increase in PIA .............. 3.5 3.5 3.1 1.3 4.2 4.0 4.7 5.4 3.7

AMW Percentage of AMW applicable to PIA

First $110 .......................................... 241.26 249.70 257.44 260.79 271.74 282.61 295.89 311.87 323.41

Next 290............................................ 87.74 90.81 93.62 94.84 98.82 102.77 107.60 113.42 117.62

Next 150............................................ 82.00 84.87 87.50 88.64 92.36 96.05 100.56 105.99 109.91

Next 100............................................ 96.42 99.79 102.88 104.22 108.60 112.94 118.25 124.64 129.25

Next 100............................................ 53.62 55.50 57.22 57.96 60.39 62.81 65.76 69.31 71.87

Next 250............................................ 44.68 46.24 47.67 48.29 50.32 52.33 54.79 57.75 59.89

Next 175............................................ 40.25 41.66 42.95 43.51 45.34 47.15 49.37 52.04 53.97

Next 100............................................ 37.28 38.58 39.78 40.30 41.99 43.67 45.72 48.19 49.97

Next 100............................................ 35.01 36.24 37.36 37.85 39.44 41.02 42.95 45.27 46.94

Next 100............................................ 33.08 34.24 35.30 35.76 37.26 38.75 40.57 42.76 44.34

Next 435............................................ 31.05 32.14 33.14 33.57 34.98 36.38 38.09 40.15 41.64

Next 250............................................ 28.26 29.25 30.16 30.55 31.83 33.10 34.66 36.53 37.88

Next 315............................................ 24.73 25.60 26.39 26.73 27.85 28.96 30.32 31.96 33.14

Next 225............................................ 22.23 23.01 23.72 24.03 25.04 26.04 27.26 28.73 29.79

Next 275............................................ 20.70 21.42 22.08 22.37 23.31 24.24 25.38 26.75 27.74

Next 175............................................ 20.00 20.70 21.34 21.62 22.53 23.43 24.53 25.85 26.81

Next 150............................................ . . . 20.00 20.63 20.90 21.78 22.65 23.71 24.99 25.91

Next 200............................................ . . . . . . 20.00 20.26 21.11 21.95 22.98 24.22 25.12

Next 150............................................ . . . . . . . . . 20.00 20.84 21.67 22.69 23.92 24.81

Next 100............................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . 20.00 20.80 21.78 22.96 23.81

Next 250............................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20.00 20.94 22.07 22.89

Next 275............................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20.00 21.08 21.86

Next 175............................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20.00 21.08 20.74

Next 175............................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20.00

See footnotes at end of table.
 2.A OASDI: Benefit Computation & Automatic Adjustments

CONTACT: Joseph Bondar/Curt Pauzenga (410) 965-0162/7210 for further information.

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 103

Table 2.A16.—Formulas for computing PIA from AMW based on earnings after 1950, and percentage increases in 

PIA—Continued1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13

1 Average increase in benefits of about 77%–from 100% at the lowest level to 50% at the highest level.

2 Increase of 12.5% or $5, if larger.

3 Average increase of about 13%, with minimum increase of $5.

4 Increase of 7% or $3, if larger.

5 Increase of 7% or $4, if larger.

6 Applied to first $100 of AMW.

7 Applied to next $200 of AMW.

8 Applied to next $190 before 1955 and to next $240 effective for January 1955.

9 Applied to next $150 effective for January 1973 and to next $350 effective for January 1974.

10 Increase effective in two steps: 7% for March–May and other 4% for June. 11 Beginning June 1975 all benefit increases are based on automatic cost–of–living adjustments 12 Applied to next $100 before January 1975. 13 The December 1999 cost–of–living adjustment (COLA) was originally determined to be 2.4%, based on the Consumer Price Index (CPI). The underlying CPI was 

later recomputed by the Bureau of Labor Statistics; a 2.5% COLA would have been consistent with the recomputed CPI. Pursuant to P.L. 106–554, benefits will be calculated and paid in August 2001 and later as if the December 1999 COLA had been 2.5 %. Affected beneficiaries will receive a one–time payment to cover the shortfall 

that occurred before August 2001.

Effective for.............................. Dec. 1992 Dec. 1993 Dec. 1994 Dec. 1995 Dec. 1996 Dec. 1997 Dec. 1998 Dec. 1999 Dec. 2000

Percentage increase in PIA ..... 3.0 2.6 2.8 2.6 2.9 2.1 1.3 13 2.4 3.5

AMW Percentage of AMW applicable to PIA

First $110 ................................. 333.11 341.77 351.34 360.47 370.93 378.72 383.64 392.85 406.60

Next 290................................... 121.15 124.30 127.78 131.10 134.90 137.73 139.52 142.87 147.87

Next 150................................... 113.21 116.15 119.40 122.50 126.06 128.71 130.38 133.51 138.18

Next 100................................... 133.13 136.59 140.41 144.06 148.24 151.35 153.32 157.00 162.50

Next 100................................... 74.03 75.95 78.08 80.11 82.43 84.16 85.26 87.30 90.36

Next 250................................... 61.69 63.29 65.06 66.75 68.69 70.13 71.04 72.75 75.30

Next 175................................... 55.59 57.04 58.64 60.16 61.91 63.21 64.03 65.57 67.86

Next 100................................... 51.47 52.81 54.29 55.70 57.32 58.52 59.28 60.71 62.83

Next 100................................... 48.35 49.61 51.00 52.33 53.84 54.97 55.69 57.02 59.02

Next 100................................... 45.67 46.86 48.17 49.42 50.86 51.93 52.60 53.87 55.75

Next 435................................... 42.89 44.01 45.24 46.42 47.76 48.76 49.40 50.58 52.35

Next 250................................... 39.02 40.03 41.15 42.22 43.44 44.35 44.93 46.01 47.62

Next 315................................... 34.13 35.02 36.00 36.94 38.01 38.81 39.31 40.26 41.67

Next 225................................... 30.68 31.48 32.36 33.20 34.16 34.88 35.33 36.18 37.44

Next 275................................... 28.57 29.31 30.13 30.91 31.81 32.48 32.90 33.69 34.87

Next 175................................... 27.61 28.33 29.12 29.88 30.74 31.39 31.79 32.56 33.70

Next 150................................... 26.69 27.38 28.15 28.88 29.72 30.34 30.74 31.48 32.58

Next 200................................... 25.87 26.54 27.28 27.99 28.80 29.40 29.79 30.50 31.57

Next 150................................... 25.55 26.21 26.94 27.64 28.44 29.04 29.41 30.12 31.17

Next 100................................... 24.52 25.16 25.86 26.53 27.30 27.87 28.24 28.91 29.93

Next 250................................... 23.58 24.19 24.87 25.52 26.26 26.81 27.16 27.81 28.79

Next 275................................... 22.52 23.11 23.76 24.38 25.08 25.61 25.94 26.56 27.49

Next 175................................... 21.36 21.92 22.53 23.12 23.79 24.29 24.61 25.20 26.08

Next 175................................... 20.60 21.14 21.73 22.29 22.94 23.42 23.73 24.30 25.15

Next 175................................... 20.00 20.52 21.09 21.64 22.27 22.74 23.03 23.59 24.41

Next 250................................... . . . 20.00 20.56 21.09 21.71 22.17 22.45 22.99 23.80

Next 50..................................... . . . . . . 20.00 20.52 21.12 21.56 21.84 22.37 23.15

Next 125................................... . . . . . . . . . 20.00 20.58 21.01 21.29 21.80 22.56

Next 225................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . 20.00 20.42 20.69 21.18 21.92

Next 250................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20.00 20.26 20.75 21.47

Next 350................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20.00 20.48 21.20

Next 300................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20.00 20.70

Next 350................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20.00
2.A OASDI: Benefit Computation & Automatic Adjustments

CONTACT: Joseph Bondar/Curt Pauzenga (410) 965-0162/7210 for further information.

104 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Table 2.A17.—Minimum PIA and maximum family benefit for workers who attained age 62, were first eligible for 

disabled-worker benefits, or died before 1979

Year

 enacted Effective for— Minimum PIA 1

 1 Based on earnings; subject to reduction if claimed before age 65.

Maximum family benefit

Percentage of AMW But not less than—

1935 ............................. . . . $10.00 . . . . . .

1939 ............................. . . . . . . Lesser of 80%, $85, or 200% of PIA $20.00

1950 ............................. September 1950 20.00 80% of first $187.50 40.00

1952 ............................. September 1952 25.00 80% of first $210.93 45.00

1954 ............................. September 1954 30.00 80% of first $250 50.00 or 150% of PIA

1958 ............................. January 1959 33.00 80% of first $317.50 20.00 + PIA or 150% of PIA

1961 ............................. August 1961 40.00 . . . 150% of PIA

1965 ............................. January 1965 44.00 80% of first $370 + 40% of next $180 . . .

1967 ............................. February 1968 55.00 80% of first $436 + 40% of next $214 . . .

1969 ............................. January 1970 64.00 . . . . . .

1971 ............................. January 1971 70.40 88% of first $436 + 44% of next $191 2

 2 For AMW of $628 or more, 175 percent of PIA.

. . .

1972 ............................. September 1972 84.50 105.6% of first $436 + 52.8% of next $191 2 . . .

1973 3 ...........................

 3 Superseded by 1973 legislation.

June 1974 89.50 111.8% of first $436 + 55.9% of next $191 2 . . .

1973 4 ...........................

 4 Beginning in 1975, minimum PIA and percentages in maximum family benefit formula subject to automatic cost–of–living increases. 

(Superseded 1972 legislation for automatic increases beginning in 1974.)

March 1974 90.50 113.0% of first $436 + 56.5% of next $191 2 . . .

June 1974 93.80 117.2% of first $436 + 58.6% of next $191 2 . . .

June 1975 101.40 126.6% of first $436 + 63.3% of next $191 2 . . .

June 1976 107.90 134.7% of first $436 + 67.3% of next $191 2 . . .

June 1977 114.30 142.6% of first $436 + 71.3% of next $191 2 . . .

June 1978 121.80 151.9% of first $436 + 76.0% of next $191 2 . . .

June 1979 133.90 167.0% of first $436 + 83.5% of next $191 2 . . .

June 1980 153.10 190.9% of first $436 + 95.4% of next $191 2 . . .

June 1981 170.30 212.2% of first $436 + 106.1% of next $191 2 . . .

1981 5 ...........................

 5 Superseded by 1981 legislation that restored the minimum PIA for these groups.

March 1982 6(6)

 6 Minimum PIA eliminated by 1981 legislation.

. . . . . .

1981 ............................. June 1982 182.90 227.9% of first $436 + 114.0% of next $191 2 . . .

December 1983 189.30 235.9% of first $436 + 118.0% of next $191 2 . . .

December 1984 195.90 244.2% of first $436 + 122.1% of next $191 2 . . .

December 1985 201.90 251.8% of first $436 + 125.9% of next $191 2 . . .

December 1986 204.50 255.1% of first $436 + 127.5% of next $191 2 . . .

December 1987 213.00 265.8% of first $436 + 132.9% of next $191 2 . . .

December 1988 221.50 276.4% of first $436 + 138.2% of next $191 2 . . .

December 1989 231.90 289.4% of first $436 + 144.7% of next $191 2 . . .

December 1990 244.40 305.0% of first $436 + 152.5% of next $191 2 . . .

December 1991 253.40 316.3% of first $436 + 158.1% of next $191 2 . . .

December 1992 261.00 325.8% of first $436 + 162.8% of next $191 2 . . .

December 1993 267.70 334.3% of first $436 + 167.0% of next $191 2 . . .

December 1994 275.10 343.7% of first $436 + 171.7% of next $191 2 . . .

December 1995 282.20 352.6% of first $436 + 176.2% of next $191 2 . . .

December 1996 290.30 362.8% of first $436 + 181.3% of next $191 2 . . .

December 1997 296.30 370.4% of first $436 + 185.1% of next $191 2 . . .

December 1998 300.10 375.2% of first $436 + 187.5% of next $191 2 . . .

December 1999 7

 7 The December 1999 cost–of–living adjustment (COLA) was originally determined to be 2.4 percent, based on the consumer price index (CPI). 

The underlying CPI was later recomputed by the Bureau of Labor Statistics; a 2.5 percent COLA would have been consistent with the recomputed 

CPI. Pursuant to P.L.106–554, benefits will be calculated and paid in August 2001 and later as if the December 1999 COLA had been 2.5 percent. 

Affected beneficiaries will receive a one–time payment to cover the shortfall that occurred before August 2001.

307.30 384.2% of first $436 + 192.0% of next $191 2 . . .

 December 2000 318.00 397.6% of first $436 + 198.7% of next $191 2 . . .
 2.A OASDI: Benefit Computation & Automatic Adjustments

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 105

Table 2.A18.—Automatic adjustment provisions

Year

enacted Adjustment of— Provision

1977 ............. Quarter of coverage Mandatory annual determination, beginning in 1978, as to whether or not an adjustment is required in 

the amount of wages and self–employment earnings an individual needs in order to be credited with a 

quarter of coverage (QC) in the succeeding year. The amount required for a QC is the product of $250 

(in effect in 1978) multiplied by the following quotient: the national average wage for the year before the 

year of determination, divided by the average wage for 1976 (see column 2 in table 2.A8 for average 

annual wages after 1950). The resulting product, rounded to the nearest multiple of $10, is the new 

amount required for a QC. In no case, however, is the new amount reduced below the amount in effect 

in the year of determination.

1972 ............. Maximum amount of taxable

 and creditable earnings

The 1972 Act (as modified by the 1973 legislation) mandated a determination in 1974, and in every 

subsequent year in which a cost–of–living benefit increase is established, as to whether or not an 

adjustment is required in the maximum amount of annual earnings that will be taxed and credited 

toward benefits.

The determination in the years after 1975 is made by multiplying the "maximum'' in effect in the year of 

determination by the following quotient: the national average wage for the year before the year of 

determination, divided by the average wage for the year before the most recent year in which an 

automatic determination was made that resulted in an increase or in which an increase in the maximum 

was enacted. (See column 2 in table 2.A8 for annual amounts of the average wage after 1950). The 

resulting product, rounded to the nearest multiple of $300, is the new maximum amount of taxable and 

creditable earnings, effective with respect to remuneration paid after the year of determination and with 

respect to taxable years beginning after that year. In no case, however, is the maximum reduced to an 

amount below the maximum in the year of determination.

1976 ............. In the 1974 and 1975 determinations the quotient was the average wage for the year of determination, 

estimated from data for the first calendar quarter, divided by the corresponding amount for the year 

before the year of determination. Public Law 94–202 (signed Jan. 2, 1976) revised the adjustment 

method by increasing by a year the lag in average wages used in the computation. Thus, for example, 

the 1976 determination was based on the percentage increase in the average wage from 1974 to 1975.

1977 ............. Statutory in lieu of automatic increases in the maximum instituted for 1979, 1980, and 1981. Also, for 

purposes of establishing a "year of coverage'' used in the computation of the special minimum PIA, 

annual maximum taxable and creditable earnings after 1978 are the amounts that would have been 

determined under the automatic adjustment provisions if the statutory increases in the maximum under 

the 1977 Act had not been enacted (see table 2.A12).

1989 .............

1994 .............

Automatic increases in the maximum for 1990, 1991, and 1992 determined under a transitional rule, 

specified by the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1989, for computing “deemed” average annual 

wage for 1988, 1989, and 1990. The purpose of the legislation was to include contributions to certain 

“deferred compensation” plans, most importantly sections 401(k) pension plans, in the average annual 

average wage.

The determination for years after 1994 is made by multiplying $60,600, the "maximum'' for 1994, by the 

following quotient: the national average wage index for the year before the year in which the 

determination is made, divided by the national average wage index for 1992. (See column 2 in table 

2.A8 for annual amounts of the national average wage index.) The resulting product, rounded to the 

nearest $300, is the new maximum amount of taxable and creditable earnings, effective with respect to 

renumeration paid in (and taxable years beginning in) the year following the year the determination is 

made. In no case, however, is the new maximum reduced to an amount below the maximum in the year 

of determination.

1977 ............. Benefits: Computation New benefit computation method based on average indexed monthly earnings (AIME) after 1950, 

effective for workers first eligible after 1978. Provision for automatic adjustment of the dollar amounts, 

or bend points, defining (1) the AIME brackets in the PIA formula (see table 2.A11) and (2) the PIA 

brackets in the maximum family benefit formula (see table 2.A13). New bend points are established by 

multiplying the bend points in effect in 1979–$180 and $1,085 for the PIA formula and $230, $332, and 

$433 for the maximum family benefit formula–by the following quotient: the national average wage for 

the second year before the year for which the determination was made, divided by the average wage for 

1977 (see column 2 in table 2.A8 for average annual wages after 1950). The resulting products, 

rounded to the nearest dollar, are the new bend points.

1980 ............. Modified maximum family benefit formula applicable to workers with initial entitlement to disability 

benefits in or after July 1980 (see table 2.A14). New formula for disabled workers has no bend points 

subject to automatic adjustment.

1972 ............. Benefits:

Cost–of–living increase

Under the original provisions (based on 1972 and 1973 legislation), the arithmetical mean of the 

consumer price index (CPI) for January, February, and March in the year of determination was 

compared with the arithmetical mean of the CPI for the later of (a) January, February, and March of the 

year in which the last effective cost-of-living increase was established or (b) the 3 months of the 

calendar quarter in which the effective month of the last general benefit increase occurred. (Before the 

introduction, in 1977, of the alternative CPI series for "all urban consumers,'' or the CPI-U, the CPI-W 

was referred to as the CPI.) If the percentage increase in the CPI, rounded to the nearest one-tenth of 

1 percent, was at least 3.0 (the triggering requirement), a cost–of–living benefit increase was 

established and the level of benefits increased by the same percentage, effective for June of the year in 

which the determination was made.

1983 ............. The 1983 Act moved the effective date for a cost–of–living benefit increase from June to December, 

beginning in 1983, and eliminated the "triggering requirement'' for the 1983 increase only. Effective with 

the determination made in 1984, the two periods used in calculating the CPI-W percentage increase 

were shifted from the first to the third quarter.
2.A OASDI: Benefit Computation & Automatic Adjustments

106 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

The 1983 Act also introduced an alternative method for determining the size of a cost–of–living 

adjustment. This method, called the stabilizer provision, is applied when the ratio of the combined 

OASDI trust fund assets to estimated outgo falls below a certain percentage. The "triggering'' 

percentage is 15 percent for 1985–1988 and 20 percent for years after 1988. Under these 

circumstances, the cost–of–living adjustment is based on the lesser of the CPI-W percentage increase 

determined above or the increase in average wages. The latter increase is the percentage, rounded to 

the nearest one-tenth of 1 percent by which the national average wage for the year before the year of 

determination exceeds the average wage for the year before the most recent year in which either a 

cost–of–living increase or a general benefit increase occurred. (See column 2 in table 2.A8 for the 

annual amount of the average wage after 1950 and footnote 1 in table 2.A8 for the underlying data 

sources.)

The 1983 legislation also included a provision for making up any benefit increases that are based on a 

lower wage increase rather than on the increase in the cost of living. When the fund ratio is greater than 

32 percent, additional increases will be provided so that benefits are increased to the level at which they 

would have been if all increases had been based on the CPI-W. (See table 2.A19 for the cumulative 

effect of statutory and automatic increases in benefits.)

1986 ............. Triggering requirement eliminated for cost–of–living increases in and after 1986 by P.L. 99–509 (signed 

Oct. 21, 1986).

2001 ............. The December 1999 cost–of–living adjustment (COLA) was originally determined to be 2.4 percent, 

based on the consumer price index (CPI). The underlying CPI was later recomputed by the Bureau of 

Labor Statistics; a 2.5 percent COLA would have been consistent with the recomputed CPI. Pursuant to 

P.L. 106-554, benefits will be calculated and paid in August 2001 and later as if the December 1999 

COLA had been 2.5 percent. Affected beneficiaries will receive a one–time payment to cover the 

shortfall that occurred before August 2001.

1972 ............. Earnings test The 1972 Act (as modified by the 1973 Acts) mandated a determination in 1974, and in every 

subsequent year in which a cost–of–living increase is established, as to whether or not an adjustment in 

the exempt amount–the amount of earnings permitted without reduction in benefits–is required.

The determination in the years after 1975 is made by multiplying the monthly exempt amount in effect in 

the year of determination by the following quotient: the national average wage for the year before the 

year of determination, divided by the average wage for the year before the most recent year in which an 

automatic determination was made that resulted in an increase or in which an increase in the exempt 

amount was enacted. (See column 2 in table 2.A8 for annual amounts of the average wage after 1950). 

The resulting product, rounded to the nearest multiple of $10, is the new monthly exempt amount, 

effective with respect to remuneration paid after the year of determination and with respect to taxable 

year beginning after that year. In no case, however, is the new exempt amount reduced below the 

exempt amount in the year of determination. The new annual exempt amount is determined by 

multiplying the new monthly amount by 12.

1976 ............. In the 1974 and 1975 determinations the quotient was the average wage for the year of determination, 

estimated from data for the first calendar quarter, divided by the corresponding amount for the year 

before the year of determination. Public Law 94–202 (signed Jan. 2, 1976) revised the adjustment 

method by increasing by a year the lag in average wages used in the computation. Thus, for example, 

the 1976 determination was based on the percentage increase in the average wage from 1974 to 1975.

1994 ............. The determination for years after 1994 is made by multiplying the monthly exempt amounts in effect for 

1994 ($930 for beneficiaries who have, $670 for beneficiaries who have not yet, reached "full retirement 

age” See footnote 6 in table 2.A29) by the following quotient: the national average wage index for the 

year before the year in which the determination is made, divided by the national average wage index for 

1992. (See column 2 in table 2.A8 for annual amounts of the national average wage index.) The 

resulting products, rounded to the nearest $10, are the new monthly exempt amounts effective for the 

year following the year the determination is made. The new annual exempt amounts are determined by 

multiplying the new monthly amounts by 12. 

1996 ............. Public Law 104–121, enacted Mar. 29, 1996, suspended the automatic indexing of the exempt 

amounts through the year 2002 for workers aged 65–69. It legislated ad hoc increases in the annual 

exempt amounts to $12,500 in 1996; $13,500 in 1997; $14,500 in 1998; $15,500 in 1999; $17,000 in 

2000; $25,000 in 2001; and $30,000 in 2002. Thereafter, the exempt amounts will increase 

automatically based on the annual increase in the national average wage index as under the 1994 

legislation.

2000 ............. Public Law 106–182, enacted Apr. 7, 2000, eliminated the earnings test beginning with the month a 

beneficiary reaches full retirement age (FRA). The annual earnings test that applies in the year of attainment of FRA is based on the annual limits established under P.L. 104–121 (including the $1 for $3 withholding rate). In determining annual earnings for purposes of the annual earnings test under this 

legislation, only earnings before the month of attainment of FRA will be considered. Public Law 106–

182 did not change the annual exempt amount for beneficiaries who are under FRA throughout the 

year, which continues to be pegged to increases in the average wage.

Table 2.A18.—Automatic adjustment provisions —Continued

Year

enacted Adjustment of— Provision

CONTACT: Joseph Bondar/Curt Pauzenga (410) 965-0162/7210 for further information.
2.A OASDI: Benefit Computation & Automatic Adjustments

CONTACT: Curt Pauzenga/Joseph Bondar (410) 965-7210/0162 for further information.

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 107

Table 2.A19.—Cumulative effect of statutory and automatic increases in benefits: $100 base benefit

Illustrated benefit growth

 (Cost–of–living adjustment (COLA) increases only. Rounded to nearest dollar)

Base dates/

COLA

Aug. 1950

. . .

Sept. 1950

77.0

Sept. 1952

12.5

Sept. 1954

13.0

Jan. 1959

7.0

Jan. 1965

7.0

Feb. 1968

13.0

Jan. 1970

15.0

Jan. 1971

10.0

Sept. 1972

20.0

June 1974

11.0

June 1975

8.0

June 1976

6.4

Aug. 1950...... $100 $177 $199 $225 $241 $258 $291 $335 $368 $442 $491 $530 $564

Sept. 1950..... . . . 100 113 127 136 146 164 189 208 250 277 299 318

Sept. 1952..... . . . . . . 100 113 121 129 146 168 185 222 246 266 283

Sept. 1954..... . . . . . . . . . 100 107 114 129 149 164 196 218 235 250

Jan. 1959 ...... . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 107 121 139 153 184 204 220 234

Jan. 1965 ...... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 113 130 143 172 190 206 219

Feb. 1968...... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 115 127 152 168 182 194

Jan. 1970 ...... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 110 132 147 158 168

Jan. 1971 ...... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 120 133 144 153

Sept. 1972..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 111 120 128

June 1974 ..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 108 115

June 1975 ..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 106

June 1976 ..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100

June 1977

5.9

June 1978

6.5

June 1979

9.9

June 1980

14.3

June 1981

11.2

June 1982

7.4

Dec. 1983

3.5

Dec. 1984

3.5

Dec. 1985

3.1

Dec. 1986

1.3

Dec. 1987

4.2

Dec. 1988

4.0

Dec. 1989

4.7

Aug. 1950...... $597 $636 $699 $799 $888 $954 $987 $1,022 $1,053 $1,067 $1,112 $1,156 $1,211

Sept. 1950..... 337 359 395 451 502 539 558 577 595 603 628 653 684

Sept. 1952..... 300 319 351 401 446 479 496 513 529 536 558 581 608

Sept. 1954..... 265 283 310 355 395 424 439 454 468 474 494 514 538

Jan. 1959 ...... 248 264 290 332 369 396 410 424 437 443 462 480 503

Jan. 1965 ...... 232 247 271 310 345 370 383 397 409 414 432 449 470

Feb. 1968...... 205 218 240 274 305 328 339 351 362 367 382 397 416

Jan. 1970 ...... 178 190 209 239 265 285 295 305 315 319 332 345 362

Jan. 1971 ...... 162 173 190 217 241 259 268 277 286 290 302 314 329

Sept. 1972..... 135 144 158 181 201 216 223 231 238 241 252 262 274

June 1974 ..... 122 130 142 163 181 194 201 208 215 218 227 236 247

June 1975 ..... 113 120 132 151 168 180 186 193 199 201 210 218 229

June 1976 ..... 106 113 124 142 158 169 175 181 187 189 197 205 215

June 1977 ..... 100 107 117 134 149 160 165 171 176 179 186 194 203

June 1978 ..... . . . 100 110 126 140 150 155 161 166 168 175 182 190

June 1979 ..... . . . . . . 100 114 127 137 141 146 151 153 159 166 173

June 1980 ..... . . . . . . . . . 100 111 119 124 128 132 134 139 145 152

June 1981 ..... . . . . . . . . . 100 107 111 115 119 120 125 130 136

June 1982 ..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 104 107 110 112 117 121 127

Dec. 1983...... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 104 107 108 113 117 123

Dec. 1984...... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 103 104 109 113 118

Dec. 1985...... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 101 106 110 115

Dec. 1986...... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 104 108 113

Dec. 1987...... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 104 109

Dec. 1988...... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 105

Dec. 1989...... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100

See footnotes at end of table.
2.A OASDI: Benefit Computation & Automatic Adjustments

CONTACT: Curt Pauzenga/Joseph Bondar (410) 965-7210/0162 for further information.

108 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Table 2.A19.—Cumulative effect of statutory and automatic increases in benefits: $100 base benefit—Continued

Illustrated benefit growth

 (Cost–of–living adjustment (COLA) increases only. Rounded to nearest dollar)

Base dates/

COLA

Dec. 1990

5.4

Dec. 1991

3.7

Dec. 1992

3.0

Dec. 1993

2.6

Dec. 1994

2.8

Dec. 1995

2.6

Dec. 1996

2.9

Dec. 1997

2.1

Dec. 1998

1.3

Dec. 1999

12.4

1 The December 1999 cost–of–living adjustment (COLA) was originally determined to be 2.4 percent, based on the consumer price index (CPI). The underlying CPI was 

later recomputed by the Bureau of Labor Statistics; a 2.5 percent COLA would have been consistent with the recomputed CPI. Pursuant to P.L. 106–554, benefits will be 

calculated and paid in August 2001 and later as if the December 1999 COLA had been 2.5 percent. Affected beneficiaries will receive a one–time payment to cover the 

shortfall that occurred before August 2001.

Dec. 2000

3.5

Aug. 1950.......... $1,276 $1,323 $1,363 $1,398 $1,437 $1,475 $1,518 $1,549 $1,570 $1,608 $1,664

Sept. 1950......... 721 748 770 790 812 833 857 875 887 908 940

Sept. 1952......... 641 665 684 702 722 741 762 778 788 807 835

Sept. 1954......... 567 588 606 621 639 655 674 689 698 715 740

Jan. 1959 .......... 530 550 566 581 597 613 630 644 652 668 691

Jan. 1965 .......... 495 514 529 543 558 573 589 601 609 624 645

Feb. 1968.......... 438 455 468 480 494 507 521 532 539 552 571

Jan. 1970 .......... 381 395 407 418 429 441 453 463 469 480 497

Jan. 1971 .......... 347 359 370 380 390 401 412 421 426 436 451

Sept. 1972......... 289 299 308 316 325 334 343 351 355 364 376

June 1974 ......... 260 270 278 285 293 301 309 316 320 328 339

June 1975 ......... 241 250 257 264 271 278 286 292 296 303 314

June 1976 ......... 226 235 242 248 255 262 269 275 278 285 295

June 1977 ......... 214 222 228 234 241 247 254 260 263 269 279

June 1978 ......... 201 208 214 220 226 232 239 244 247 253 262

June 1979 ......... 183 189 195 200 206 211 217 222 225 230 238

June 1980 ......... 160 166 171 175 180 185 190 194 197 202 209

June 1981 ......... 144 149 153 157 162 166 171 174 177 181 188

June 1982 ......... 134 139 143 147 151 155 159 162 165 169 175

Dec. 1983.......... 129 134 138 142 146 149 154 157 159 163 169

Dec. 1984.......... 125 130 133 137 141 144 149 152 154 158 163

Dec. 1985.......... 121 126 129 133 136 140 144 147 149 153 158

Dec. 1986.......... 120 124 128 131 135 138 142 145 147 151 156

Dec. 1987.......... 115 119 123 126 129 133 137 139 141 144 149

Dec. 1988.......... 110 114 118 121 124 128 131 134 136 139 144

Dec. 1989.......... 105 109 113 116 119 122 125 128 130 133 138

Dec. 1990.......... 100 104 107 110 113 116 119 121 123 126 130

Dec. 1991.......... . . . 100 103 106 109 111 115 117 119 122 126

Dec. 1992.......... . . . . . . 100 103 105 108 111 114 115 118 122

Dec. 1993.......... . . . . . . . . . 100 103 105 109 111 112 115 119

Dec. 1994.......... . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 103 106 108 109 112 116

Dec. 1995.......... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 103 105 106 109 112

Dec. 1996.......... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 102 103 105 109

Dec. 1997.......... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 101 103 107

Dec. 1998.......... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 102 106

Dec. 1999.......... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 104

Dec. 2000.......... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
 2.A OASDI: Benefits Types and Levels

CONTACT: Curt Pauzenga/Joseph Bondar (410) 965-7210/0162 for further information.

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 109

Table 2.A20.—Monthly benefits for retired and disabled workers

Type of benefit

Year

enacted Age

Percent

of PIA Condition or qualification

Retired worker 1935 65 or older . . . Fully insured. Amount based on cumulative wages.

1939 . . . 100 Amount based on PIA.

1956 Women: 62–64 . . . Reduced 5/9 of 1% for each month under age 65.

1961 Men: 62–64 . . . Reduced 5/9 of 1% for each month under age 65.

1972 . . . . . . Increased 1/12 of 1% for each month between ages 65 and 72 for which no benefits 

received after 1970 (PIA based on AMW only). Applicable only to worker whose benefit 

has not been actuarially reduced.

1977 . . . . . . Increased 1/4 of 1% for each month after 1981 and between ages 65 and 72 in which no 

benefits received. Requirement for nonreceipt of actuarially reduced benefit removed.

1983 100% of PIA payable 

at:

. . . Applicable to workers who attain age 62 in year:

 65 and 2 months . . . 2000

 65 and 4 months . . . 2001

 65 and 6 months . . . 2002

 65 and 8 months . . . 2003

 65 and 10 months . . . 2004

 66 . . . 2005–2016

 66 and 2 months . . . 2017

 66 and 4 months . . . 2018

 66 and 6 months . . . 2019

 66 and 8 months . . . 2020

 66 and 10 months . . . 2021

 67 . . . 2022 and later

 62–66 . . . Reduced 5/9 of 1% for each of the first 36 months of receipt of benefits immediately 

preceding the age at which 100% of PIA is payable, plus 5/12 of 1% for each of up to 24 

earlier months of benefit receipt.

. . . . . . Increased by the following percentage for each month between the age at which 100% of 

PIA is payable and age 70 in which no benefits are received:

 Age 62

in years—

 Rate of

 increase

Annual

 rate

1987–1988....................... 7/24 of 1% 3 1/2%

1989–1990....................... 1/3 of 1% 4%

1991–1992....................... 9/24 of 1% 4 1/2%

1993–1994....................... 10/24 of 1% 5%

1995–1996....................... 11/24 of 1% 5 1/2% 

1997–1998....................... 1/2 of 1% 6%

1999–2000....................... 13/24 of 1% 6 1/2%

2001–2002....................... 14/24 of 1% 7%

2003–2004....................... 15/24 of 1% 7 1/2% 

2005 and later.................. 2/3 of 1% 8%

. . . . . . No further increases for months of nonreceipt of benefits after age 70, effective 1984.

. . . . . . Partial offset for receipt of pension based on noncovered employment, phased in over a 

5-year period beginning in 1986 for individuals first eligible for Social Security and 

noncovered pension after 1985 (see table 2.A11).

Disabled worker 1956 50–64 100 Disability insured. Waiting period of 6 calendar months. Reduced by amount of workers' 

compensation.

1958 . . . . . . Reduction for workers' compensation eliminated.

1960 Under 50 . . . . . .

1965 . . . . . . Reduced if benefits plus workers' compensation exceed 80% of the higher of AMW or 

high-5 year average taxable earnings in covered employment. Adjusted periodically for 

rises in wage levels.

1967 . . . . . . Reduced if benefits plus workers' compensation exceed 80% of the higher of AMW or 

high 5-year average earnings in covered employment, regardless of taxable limit.

1972 . . . . . . Reduced if benefits plus workers' compensation exceed 80% of the highest of (a) AMW, 

(b) high 5-year average earnings or (c) highest annual earnings in the period consisting 

of year of disability onset and 5 preceding years in covered employment.

Waiting period reduced to 5 full calendar months.

1983 . . . . . . Partial offset for receipt of pension based on noncovered employment phased in over a 

5-year period beginning in 1986 for individuals first eligible for Social Security and 

noncovered pension after 1985.
2.A OASDI: Benefits Types and Levels

110 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Table 2.A21.—Monthly benefits for spouses and children of retired and disabled workers

Type of 

benefit

Year

enacted Age

Percent

of PIA Condition or qualification

Wife ............................ 1939 65 or older 50 Fully insured. 

1956 62–64 . . . Reduced 25/36 of 1% for each month under age 65.

1967 . . . . . . Maximum $105.

1969 . . . . . . Maximum eliminated.

1977 . . . . . . Reduced by full amount of pension payable based on own earnings in 

noncovered governmental employment (noncovered pension offset). Reduction 

does not apply if eligible for such pension before December 1982.

1983 . . . . . . Noncovered pension offset not applicable if first eligible for such pension before 

July 1983 and dependent. Reduced by only two-thirds of such pension if first 

eligible for it after June 1983.

65 and 2 months–67 . . . Beginning in year 2000, the age at which 50% of PIA is payable will be 

gradually increased (see table 2.A20).

62–66 . . . Reduced 25/36 of 1% for each of the first 36 months under the age at which 

50% of PIA is payable, plus 5/12 of 1% for each of up to 24 earlier months of 

benefit receipt.

1984 . . . . . . Noncovered pension offset limited to two-thirds of such pension.

Divorced wife ........... 1965 65 or older 50 Fully insured. Dependent. Married 20 years. Not counted toward family 

maximum.

62–64 . . . Reduced 25/36 of 1% for each month under age 65.

1967 . . . . . . Maximum $105.

1969 . . . . . . Maximum eliminated.

1972 . . . . . . Dependency requirement eliminated.

1977 . . . . . . Married 10 years.

. . . . . . Reduced by full amount of pension payable based on own earnings in 

noncovered governmental employment (noncovered pension offset). Reduction 

does not apply if eligible for such pension before December 1982 and married 

20 years.

1983 . . . . . . Noncovered pension offset not applicable if first eligible for such pension before 

July 1983 and dependent. Reduced by only two-thirds of such pension if first 

eligible for it after June 1983.

. . . . . . Can be independently entitled to benefits if divorced for 2 years or more (after 

marriage of 10 or more years) and worker could be entitled to benefits if he 

applied. Effective with benefits for months after December 1984.

65 and 2 months–67 . . . Beginning in year 2000, the age at which 50% of PIA is payable will be 

gradually increased (see table 2.A20).

62-66 . . . Reduced 25/36 of 1% for each of the first 36 months under the age at which 

50% of PIA is payable, plus 5/12 of 1% for each of up to 24 earlier months of 

benefit receipt.

1984 . . . . . . Noncovered pension offset limited to two-thirds of such pension.

Wife (mother)........... 1950 Under 65 50 Fully insured. Caring for eligible child.

1965 . . . . . . Eligible child excludes student aged 18–21.

1967 . . . . . . Maximum $105.

1969 . . . . . . Maximum eliminated.

1977 . . . . . . Reduced by full amount of pension payable based on own earnings in 

noncovered governmental employment (noncovered pension offset). Reduction 

does not apply if eligible for such pension before December 1982.

1981 . . . . . . Eligible child excludes nondisabled child aged 16–17.

1983 . . . . . . Noncovered pension offset not applicable if first eligible for such pension before 

July 1983 and dependent. Reduced by only two-thirds of such pension if first 

eligible for it after June 1983.

1984 . . . . . . Noncovered pension offset limited to two-thirds of such pension.

Child......................... 1939 Under 18 50 Fully insured. 1

1965 18–21 . . . Full-time student.

1972 . . . . . . Benefits extended to end of quarter or semester in which 22nd birthday occurs 

while undergraduate student.

See footnotes at end of table.
 2.A OASDI: Benefits Types and Levels

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 111

Child (cont.) ............. . . . . . . Includes grandchild under certain circumstances.

1981 18–22 . . . Student benefits eliminated (to be phased out gradually for those entitled before 

May 1982), except for elementary or secondary school students under age 19.

1996 . . . . . . Stepchildren must be dependent on worker.

Disabled child .......... 1956 18 or older 50 Fully insured.1 Disabled before age 18.

1972 . . . . . . Disabled before age 22.

. . . . . . Includes grandchild under certain circumstances.

Husband .................. 1950 65 or older 50 Fully and currently insured. Dependent.

1961 62–64 . . . Reduced 25/36 of 1% for each month under age 65.

1967 . . . . . . Currently insured requirement eliminated. Maximum $105.

1969 . . . . . . Maximum eliminated.

1977 . . . . . . Dependency requirement eliminated.

. . . . . . Reduced by full amount of pension payable based on own earnings in 

noncovered governmental employment (noncovered pension offset). Reduction 

does not apply if eligible for such pension before December 1982 and 

dependent.

1983 . . . . . . Noncovered pension offset provision not applicable if first eligible for such 

pension before July 1983 and dependent. Reduced by only two-thirds of such 

pension if first eligible for it after June 1983.

65 and 2 months–67 . . . Beginning in year 2000, the age at which 50% of PIA is payable will be 

gradually increased (see table 2.A20).

62–66 . . . Reduced 25/36 of 1% for each of the first 36 months under the age at which 

50% of PIA is payable, plus 5/12 of 1% for each of up to 24 earlier months of 

benefit receipt.

1984 . . . . . . Noncovered pension offset limited to two-thirds of such pension.

Divorced husband.... 19772 65 or older 50 Fully insured. Married 10 years. Not counted toward family maximum.

62–64 . . . Reduced 25/36 of 1% for each month under age 65.

. . . . . . Reduced by full amount of pension payable based on own earnings in 

noncovered governmental employment (noncovered pension offset).

1983 . . . . . . Noncovered pension offset not applicable if first eligible for such pension before 

July 1983 and dependent. Reduced by only two-thirds of such pension if first 

eligible after June 1983.

. . . . . . Can be independently entitled to benefits if divorced for 2 years or more (after 

marriage of 10 or more years) and worker could be entitled to benefits if she 

applied. Effective with benefits for months after December 1984.

65 and 2 months–67 . . . Beginning in year 2000, the age at which 50% of PIA is payable will be 

gradually increased (see table 2.A20).

62–66 . . . Reduced 25/36 of 1% for each of the first 36 months under the age at which 

50% of PIA is payable, plus 5/12 of 1% for each of up to 24 earlier months of 

benefit receipt.

1984 . . . . . . Noncovered pension offset limited to two-thirds of such pension.

Husband (father)...... 19783 Under 65 50 Fully insured. Caring for eligible child. Reduced by full amount of pension 

payable based on own earnings in noncovered governmental employment 

(noncovered pension offset).

1981 . . . . . . Eligible child excludes nondisabled child aged 16–17.

1983 . . . . . . Noncovered pension offset not applicable if first eligible for such pension before 

July 1983 and dependent. Reduced by only two-thirds of such pension if first 

eligible for it after June 1983.

1984 . . . . . . Noncovered pension offset limited to two-thirds of such pension.

 1 Under 1939 Act, generally not available to child of married female worker. Under 1950 Act, available if female worker is fully and currently

insured. Currently insured requirement eliminated by 1967 Act.

 2 Northern District of California District Court decision in Oliver v. Califano, June 24, 1977. Statutory change enacted in 1983.

 3Eastern District of Pennsylvania District Court decision in Cooper v. Califano, Dec. 29, 1978. Statutory change enacted in 1983. 

Table 2.A21.—Monthly benefits for spouses and children of retired and disabled workers—Continued

Type of 

benefit

Year

enacted Age

Percent

of PIA Condition or qualification

CONTACT: Curt Pauzenga/Joseph Bondar (410) 965-7210/0162 for further information.
2.A OASDI: Benefit Types and Levels

112 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Table 2.A22.—Monthly benefits for survivors of deceased workers

Type of benefit

Year

enacted Age

Percent 

of PIA Condition or qualification

Widow................................ 1939 65 or older 75 Fully insured.

1956 62–64 . . . . . .

1961 . . . 82 1/2 . . .

1965 60–61 . . . Reduced 5/9 of 1% for each month under age 62.

1972 65 or older 100 Limited, if husband retired before age 65, to amount husband would be 

receiving if still living, but not less than 82 1/2% of PIA.

60–64 . . . Reduced 19/40 of 1% each month under age 65. In addition, for a 

widow aged 62–64 whose husband retired before age 65 limited to 

amount he would be receiving if still living, but not less than 82 1/2% of 

PIA.

1977 . . . . . . Increased by any delayed retirement credit husband would be 

receiving.

. . . . . . Reduced by full amount of pension payable based on own earnings in 

noncovered governmental employment (noncovered pension offset). 

Reduction does not apply if eligible for such pension before December 

1982.

1983 . . . . . . Noncovered pension offset not applicable if first eligible for such 

pension before July 1983 and dependent. Reduced by only two-thirds 

of such pension if first eligible for it after June 1983.

100% of PIA payable at: . . . Applicable to widows who attain age 60 in year:

65 and 2 months . . . 2000

65 and 4 months . . . 2001

65 and 6 months . . . 2002

65 and 8 months . . . 2003

65 and 10 months . . . 2004

66 . . . 2005–2016

66 and 2 months . . . 2017

66 and 4 months . . . 2018

66 and 6 months . . . 2019

66 and 8 months . . . 2020

66 and 10 months . . . 2021

67 . . . 2022 and later

60–66 . . . The percent of reduction for each month depends on the age at which 

100% of PIA is payable. The percentage is adjusted so that the total 

reduction, in equal monthly steps, is always 28 1/2% at age 60.

1984 . . . . . . Noncovered pension offset limited to two-thirds of such pension.

Disabled widow ................. 1967 50–59 82 1/2 Fully insured. Reduced 13 1/3%, plus 43/198 of 1% for each month 

under age 60. Includes divorced wife, dependent and married 20 

years.

1972 . . . 100 Reduced 28 1/2%, plus 43/240 of 1% for each month under age 60.

1977 . . . . . . Increased by any delayed retirement credit husband would be 

receiving.

. . . . . . Reduced by full amount of pension payable based on own earnings in 

noncovered governmental employment (noncovered pension offset). 

Reduction does not apply if eligible for such pension before December 

1982.

1983 . . . . . . Noncovered pension offset not applicable if first eligible for such 

pension before July 1983 and dependent. Reduced by only two-thirds 

of such pension if first eligible for it after June 1983.

. . . . . . Additional reduction for each month under age 60 eliminated.

1984 . . . . . . Noncovered pension offset limited to two-thirds of such pension.

Surviving divorced wife...... 1965 60 or older 82 1/2 Fully insured. Dependent. Married 20 years. Not counted toward 

family maximum. Reduced 5/9 of 1% for each month under age 62.

1972 65 or older 100 Limited, if former husband retired before age 65, to amount he would 

be receiving if still living, but not less than 82 1/2% of PIA.

60–64 . . . Reduced 19/40 of 1% for each month under age 65. In addition, for 

widow aged 62–64 whose former husband retired before age 65, 

limited to amount he would be receiving if still living, but not less than 

82 1/2% of PIA.

1977 . . . . . . Dependency requirement eliminated.

See footnotes at end of table.
2.A OASDI: Benefit Types and Levels

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 113

Surviving divorced wife 

(cont.) ................................

. . . . . . Increased by any delayed retirement increment former husband 

would be receiving.

. . . . . . Married 10 years.

. . . . . . Reduced by full amount of pension payable based on own earnings in 

noncovered governmental employment (noncovered pension offset). 

Reduction does not apply if eligible for such pension before December 

1982 and married 20 years.

1983 . . . . . . Noncovered pension offset provision not applicable if first eligible for 

such pension before July 1983 and dependent. Reduced by only twothirds of such pension if first eligible for it after June 1983.

65 and 2 months–67 . . . Beginning in year 2000, the age at which 100% of PIA is payable will 

be increased gradually (see Widow age).

60–66 . . . The percent of reduction for each month depends on the age at which 

100% of PIA is payable. The percentage is adjusted so that the total 

reduction, in equal monthly steps, is always 28 1/2% at age 60.

1984 . . . . . . Noncovered pension offset limited to two-thirds of such pension.

Disabled surviving

divorced wife ..................... 1967 50–59 82 1/2 Fully insured. Dependent. Married 20 years. Not counted toward 

family maximum. Reduced 13 1/3%, plus 43/198 of 1% for each month 

under age 62.

1972 . . . 100 Reduced 28 1/2%, plus 43/240 of 1% for each month under age 60.

. . . . . . Dependency requirement eliminated.

1977 . . . . . . Increased by any delayed retirement increment husband (or former 

husband) would be receiving.

. . . . . . Married 10 years.

. . . . . . Reduced by full amount of pension payable based on own earnings in 

noncovered governmental employment (noncovered pension offset). 

Reduction does not apply if eligible for such pension before December 

1982 and married 20 years.

1983 . . . . . . Noncovered pension offset not applicable if first eligible for such 

pension before July 1983 and dependent. Reduced by only twothirds of such pension if first eligible for it after June 1983.

. . . . . . Additional reduction for each month under age 60 eliminated.

1984 . . . . . . Noncovered pension offset limited to two-thirds of such pension.

Widowed mother ............... 1939 Under 65 75 Fully or currently insured. Caring for eligible child.

1965 . . . . . . Eligible child excludes student over age 18.

1977 . . . . . . Reduced by full amount of pension payable based on own earnings in 

noncovered governmental employment (noncovered pension offset). 

Reduction does not apply if eligible for such pension before December 

1982.

1981 . . . . . . Eligible child excludes nondisabled child aged 16–17.

1983 . . . . . . Noncovered pension offset not applicable if first eligible for such 

pension before July 1983 and dependent. Reduced by only two-thirds 

of such pension if first eligible for it after June 1983.

1984 . . . . . . Noncovered pension offset limited to two-thirds of such pension.

Surviving divorced 

mother ............................... 1950 Under 65 75 Fully or currently insured. Caring for eligible child. Dependent. Not 

counted toward family maximum.

1965 . . . . . . Eligible child excludes student over age 18.

1972 . . . . . . Dependency requirement eliminated.

1977 . . . . . . Reduced by full amount of pension payable based on own earnings in 

noncovered governmental employment (noncovered pension offset). 

Reduction does not apply if eligible for such pension before December 

1982.

1981 . . . . . . Eligible child excludes nondisabled child aged 16–17.

1983 . . . . . . Noncovered pension offset not applicable if first eligible for such 

pension before July 1983 and dependent. Reduced by only two-thirds 

of such pension if first eligible for it after June 1983.

1984 . . . . . . Noncovered pension offset limited to two-thirds of such pension.

Child .................................. 1939 Under 18 50 Fully or currently insured. 1 Student aged 16–17

Table 2.A22.—Monthly benefits for survivors of deceased workers—Continued

Type of benefit

Year

enacted Age

Percent 

of PIA Condition or qualification

See footnotes at end of table.
2.A OASDI: Benefit Types and Levels

114 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Child (cont.)....................... 1946 . . . . . . Student requirement eliminated.

1950 . . . . . . Plus 25% of PIA divided among the children.

1960 . . . 75 Additional 25% of PIA eliminated.

1965 . . . . . . Full-time student.

1972 . . . . . . Benefits extended to end of quarter or semester in which 22nd birthday 

occurs while undergraduate student.

. . . . . . Includes grandchild under certain circumstances.

1981 18–22 . . . Student category eliminated (to be phased out gradually for those 

entitled before May 1982), except for elementary or secondary school 

students under age 19.

1996 . . . . . . Stepchildren must be dependent on worker.

Disabled child .................... 1956 18 or older 50 Fully or currently insured. 1Disabled before age 18. Plus 25% of PIA 

divided among the children.

1960 . . . 75 Additional 25% of PIA eliminated

1972 . . . . . . Disabled before age 22.

. . . . . . Includes grandchild under certain circumstances.

Parent................................ 1939 65 or older 50 Fully insured. Dependent. No surviving widow or child under age 18.

1946 . . . . . . No surviving eligible widow or child.

1950 . . . 75 . . .

 1956 62–64 . . . Women

1958 . . . . . . No-other-survivor requirement eliminated.

1961 62 or older 82 1/2 75% each if two parents.

Widower ............................ 1950 65 or older 75 Fully and currently insured. Dependent.

1961 62 or older 82 1/2 . . .

1967 . . . . . . Currently insured requirement eliminated.

1972 65 or older 100 Limited, if wife retired before age 65, to amount wife would be receiving 

if still living, but not less than 82 1/2% of PIA.

60–64 . . . Reduced 19/40 of 1% for each month under age 65. In addition, for a 

widower aged 62–64 whose wife retired before age 65, limited to 

amount she would be receiving if still living, but not less than 82 1/2% 

of PIA.

1977 . . . . . . Dependency requirement eliminated.

. . . . . . Increased by any delayed retirement increment wife would be 

receiving.

. . . . . . Reduced by full amount of pension payable based on own earnings in 

noncovered governmental employment (noncovered pension offset). 

Reduction does not apply if eligible for such pension before December 

1982, dependent, and not remarried before age 60.

1983 . . . . . . Noncovered pension offset not applicable if first eligible for such 

pension before July 1983 and dependent. Reduced by only two-thirds 

of such pension if first eligible for it after June 1983.

65 and 2 months–67 . . . Beginning in year 2000, the age at which 100% of PIA is payable will 

be increased gradually (see Widow age).

60–66 . . . The percent of reduction for each month depends on the age at which 

100% of PIA is payable. The percentage is adjusted so that the total 

reduction, in equal monthly steps, is always 28 1/2% at age 60.

1984 . . . . . . Noncovered pension offset limited to two-thirds of such pension.

Disabled widower .............. 1967 50–61 82 1/2 Fully insured. Dependent. Reduced 5/9 of 1% per month between 

ages 60–62, plus 43/198 of 1% for each month under age 60.

1972 50–59 100 Reduced 28 1/2%, plus 43/240 of 1% for each month under age 60. 

Disability requirement eliminated for ages 60–61.

. . . . . . Dependency requirement eliminated.

1977 . . . . . . Increased by any delayed retirement increment wife would be 

receiving.

. . . . . . Reduced by full amount of pension payable based on own earnings in 

noncovered governmental employment (noncovered pension offset). 

Reduction does not apply if eligible for such pension before December 

1982, dependent, and not remarried before age 60.

Table 2.A22.—Monthly benefits for survivors of deceased workers—Continued

Type of benefit

Year

enacted Age

Percent 

of PIA Condition or qualification

See footnotes at end of table.
2.A OASDI: Benefit Types and Levels

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 115

Disabled widower (cont.)... 1983 . . . . . . Noncovered pension offset not applicable if first eligible for such 

pension before July 1983 and dependent. Reduced by only twothirds of such pension if first eligible for it after June 1983.

. . . . . . Additional reduction for each month under age 60 eliminated.

1984 . . . . . . Noncovered pension offset limited to two-thirds of such pension.

Surviving divorced

husband............................. 1980 2 65 or older 100 Fully insured. Married 10 years. Increased by any delayed retirement 

credit former wife would be receiving. Limited, if former wife retired 

before age 65, to amount she would be receiving if still living, but not 

less than 82 1/2% of PIA. Not counted toward family maximum. 

Reduced by full amount of pension payable based on own earnings in 

noncovered governmental employment (noncovered pension offset).

60–64 . . . Reduced 19/40 of 1% for each month under age 65. In addition, for a 

widower aged 62–64 whose wife retired before age 65, limited to 

amount she would be receiving if still living, but not less than 82 1/2% 

of PIA.

1983 . . . . . . Noncovered pension offset provision not applicable if first eligible for 

such pension before July 1983 and dependent. Reduced by only twothirds of such pension if first eligible for it after June 1983.

65 and 2 months–67 . . . Beginning in year 2000, the age at which 50% of PIA is payable will be 

gradually increased (see Retired-Worker age).

62–66 . . . Reduced 24/36 of 1% for each of the first 36 months under the age at 

which 50% of PIA is payable, plus 5/12 of 1% for each of up to 24 

earlier months of benefit receipt.

1984 . . . . . . Noncovered pension offset limited to two-thirds of such pension.

Disabled surviving

divorced husband .............. 1980 2 50–59 100 Fully insured. Married 10 years. Increased by any delayed retirement 

credit former wife would be receiving. Reduced 28 1/2%, plus 43/240 of 

1% for each month under age 60. Not counted toward family maximum. 

Reduced by full amount of pension payable based on own earnings in 

noncovered employment (noncovered pension offset).

1983 . . . . . . Noncovered pension offset provision not applicable if first eligible for 

such pension before July 1983 and dependent. Reduced by only twothirds of such pension if first eligible for it after June 1983.

. . . . . . Additional reduction for each month under age 60 eliminated.

1984 . . . . . . Noncovered pension offset limited to two-thirds of such pension.

Widowed father ................. 1975 3 Under 65 75 Fully or currently insured. Caring for eligible child under age 18.

1977 . . . . . . Reduced by full amount of pension payable based on own earnings in 

noncovered governmental employment (noncovered pension offset). 

Reduction does not apply if eligible for such pension before December 

1982.

1981 . . . . . . Eligible child excludes nondisabled child aged 16–17.

1983 . . . . . . Noncovered pension offset provision not applicable if first eligible for 

such pension before July 1983 and dependent. Reduced by only twothirds of such pension if first eligible for it after June 1983.

1984 . . . . . . Noncovered pension offset to two-thirds of such pension.

Surviving divorced father... 1979 4 Under 65 75 Fully or currently insured. Caring for eligible child under age 18. 

Reduced by full amount of pension payable based on own earnings in 

noncovered governmental employment (noncovered pension offset).

1981 . . . . . . Eligible child excludes nondisabled child aged 16–17.

1983 . . . . . . Noncovered pension offset provision not applicable if first eligible for 

such pension before July 1983 and dependent. Reduced by only twothirds of such pension if first eligible for it after June 1983.

1984 . . . . . . Noncovered pension offset limited to two-thirds of such pension.

 1 Under 1939 Act, generally not available to child of married female worker. Under 1950 Act, available if female worker is fully and currently 

insured; currently insured requirement eliminated by 1967 Act.

 2 Oregon District Court decision in Ambrose v. Harris, July 17, 1980. Statutory change enacted in 1983.

 3 Supreme Court decision in Weinberger v. Wiesenfeld, Mar. 19, 1975. Statutory change enacted in 1983.

 4 Western District Court decision in Yates v. Califano, Jan. 28, 1979. Statutory change enacted in 1983.

Table 2.A22.—Monthly benefits for survivors of deceased workers—Continued

Type of benefit

Year

enacted Age

Percent 

of PIA Condition or qualification

CONTACT: Curt Pauzenga/Joseph Bondar (410) 965-7210/0162 for further information.
2.A OASDI: Benefits Types and Levels

CONTACT: Curt Pauzenga/Joseph Bondar (410) 965-7210/0162 for further information.

116 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Table 2.A23.—Monthly benefits for transitionally insured workers and their spouses and surviving spouses, aged 72 before 

1969

Year 

enacted Type of benefit Amount Effective for—

1965............................................. Worker $35.00 September 1965

Same as benefit for individual

receiving special age-72 benefits

(see table 2.A24)

October 1966

Wife One-half of worker’s benefit September 1963

Widow Same as worker's benefit September 1963

1983............................................. Husband One-half of worker’s benefit May 1983

Widower Same as worker's benefit May 1983

Table 2.A24.—Monthly benefits for individuals and couples insured for special age–72 (Prouty) benefits

Year

enacted Age

Amount 1

 1 Monthly benefit reduced by amount of any government pension excluding workers' compensation benefits and veterans' compensation for 

service–connected disability or death. Not available for persons receiving assistance.

Individual Couple Effective for—

1966 .................................................... 72 $35.00 $52.50 October 1966

1967 .................................................... . . . 40.00 60.00 February 1968

1969 .................................................... . . . 46.00 69.00 January 1970

1971 .................................................... . . . 48.30 72.50 January 1971

19722 ..................................................

 2 Provision for future automatic cost–of–living adjustments.

. . . 58.00 87.00 September 1972

19733 ..................................................

 3 Suspended by 1973 legislation. 

. . . 61.50 92.30 June–December 1974

19734 ..................................................

 4 Beginning June 1975, subject to automatic cost–of–living adjustments. Benefits no longer available to persons receiving payments under 

Supplemental Security Income program.

. . . 62.10 93.20 March 1974

. . . 64.40 96.60 June 1974

. . . 69.50 104.40 June 1975

. . . 74.10 111.20 June 1976

. . . 78.50 117.80 June 1977

. . . 83.70 125.60 June 1978

. . . 92.00 138.10 June 1979

. . . 105.20 157.90 June 1980

. . . 117.00 175.70 June 1981

. . . 125.60 188.60 June 1982

19835 ..................................................

 5 Separate rate for couples eliminated. Rate for individuals applied to all beneficiaries.

. . . 129.90 . . . December 1983

. . . 134.40 . . . December 1984

. . . 138.50 . . . December 1985

. . . 140.30 . . . December 1986

. . . 146.10 . . . December 1987

. . . 151.90 . . . December 1988

. . . 159.00 . . . December 1989

1990 .................................................... 72 before 19726

 6 Effective for applications after Nov. 5, 1990p

167.50 . . . December 1990

. . . 173.60 . . . December 1991

. . . 178.80 . . . December 1992

. . . 183.40 . . . December 1993

. . . 188.50 . . . December 1994

. . . 193.40 . . . December 1995

. . . 199.00 . . . December 1996

. . . 203.10 . . . December 1997

. . . 205.70 . . . December 1998

. . . 210.60 . . . 7December 1999

 7The December 1999 cost–of–living adjustment (COLA) was originally determined to be 2.4 percent, based on the consumer price index (CPI). The 

underlying CPI was later recomputed by the Bureau of Labor Statistics; a 2.5 percent COLA would have been consistent with the recomputed CPI. 

Pursuant to P.L. 106–554, benefits will be calculated and paid in August 2001 and later as if the December 1999 COLA had been 2.5 percent. Affected 

beneficiaries will receive a one–time payment to cover the shortfall that occurred before August 2001.

. . . 217.90 . . . December 2000
2.A OASDI: Benefits Types and Levels

CONTACT: Curt Pauzenga/Joseph Bondar (410) 965-7210/0162 for further information.

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 117

Table 2.A25.—Lump–sum benefits and vocational rehabilitation services

Year

enacted Type of benefit Provision

1935 ...................... Lump-sum refund Persons not insured at age 65 eligible for lump-sum refund equal to 3 1/2 percent of cumulative 

wage credits.

1939 ...................... Lump-sum refund eliminated.

1935 ...................... Lump-sum death payment Under age 65: 3 1/2 percent of cumulative wage credits. Aged 65 or older and fully insured: 3 1/2 

percent of cumulative wage credits, less monthly benefits received.

1939 ...................... Fully and currently insured: 6 times PIA if no survivor eligible for monthly benefits.

1950 ...................... 3 times PIA for all deaths.

1954 ...................... 3 times PIA with maximum of $255.

1981 ...................... Payable only to a widow or widower who was living with the worker at time of the death or to a 

widow, widower, or children eligible for monthly benefits. Amount of lump sum fixed at $255.

1965 ...................... Vocational rehabilitation services Available to selected disabled individuals. Costs of services payable from OASDI trust funds to 

state vocational rehabilitation agencies. Reimbursement in any year may not exceed 1 percent of 

the total amount of OASDI disability benefits disbursed in the prior year.

1972 ...................... Maximum annual reimbursement increased to 1.25 percent for fiscal year ending June 30, 1973 

and 1.50 percent thereafter.

1981 ......................

1999 ......................

Reimbursement from trust funds for cost of rehabilitation services made if the services result in the 

disabled individual's return to work (performance of substantial gainful activity for 9 consecutive 

months).

Enhancements including expanded beneficiary choice of service providers and extended health 

care for beneficiaries who return to work.
2.A OASDI: Benefit Types and Levels

CONTACT: Curt Pauzenga/Joseph Bondar (410) 965-7210/0162 for further information.

118 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Table 2.A26.—Monthly benefit amount for selected beneficiary families with first eligibility in 2000, by average indexed 

monthly earnings for selected wage levels, effective December 2000

Beneficiary family

Worker with yearly earnings equal to—

Federal

minimum wage 1

 1 Annual earnings are calculated by multiplying the federal minimum wage by 2,080 hours (see table 3.B3). Increases in the minimum wage during the year are 

prorated.

75% of

average wage

Average

 wage 2

 2 See table 2.A8, column 2.

150% of

average wage

Maximum

taxable earnings 3

 3 See table 2.A9, column 1.

Retired-worker families 4 

 4 Assumes the worker began to work at age 22, retired at age 62 in 2000 with maximum reduction, and had no prior period of disability.

Average indexed monthly earnings............................................. $1,152.00 $1,806.00 $2,408.00 $3,487.00 $4,775.00

Primary insurance amount.......................................................... 700.20 916.90 1,116.20 1,423.40 1,623.30

Maximum family benefit .............................................................. 1,050.40 1,636.50 2,038.10 2,491.00 2,840.90

Monthly benefit amount:

Retired worker claiming benefits at age 62:

Worker alone ...................................................................... 554.00 725.00 883.00 1,126.00 1,285.00

Worker with spouse claiming benefits at—

Age 65 or older ................................................................ 904.00 1,183.00 1,441.00 1,837.00 2,096.00

Age 62 ............................................................................. 813.00 1,065.00 1,296.00 1,653.00 1,886.00

Survivor families 5 

 5 Assumes the deceased worker began to work at age 22, died in 2000 at age 40, had no earnings in that year, and had no prior period of disability.

Average indexed monthly earnings............................................. $963.00 $1,811.00 $2,415.00 $3,623.00 $5,865.00

Primary insurance amount.......................................................... 637.60 918.50 1,118.50 1,444.50 1,792.60

Maximum family benefit ............................................................. 956.40 1,641.00 2,041.10 2,527.90 3,137.00

Monthly benefit amount:

Survivor of worker deceased at age 40:

1 surviving child................................................................... 478.00 688.00 838.00 1,083.00 1,344.00

Widowed mother or father and 1 child ................................ 956.00 1,376.00 1,676.00 2,166.00 2,688.00

Widowed mother or father and 2 children ........................... 954.00 1,641.00 2,040.00 2,526.00 3,135.00

Disabled-worker families 6 

 6 Assumes the worker began to work at age 22, became disabled at age 50 in 2000, had no earnings in that year, and had no prior period of disability.

Average indexed monthly earnings............................................. $1,064.00 $1,808.00 $2,410.00 $3,616.00 $5,530.00

Primary insurance amount.......................................................... 671.00 917.50 1,116.80 1,443.50 1,740.60

Maximum family benefit 7 ...........................................................

 7 The 1980 Amendments to the Social Security Act provide for a different family maximum amount in disability cases. For disabled workers entitled after June 1980, the 

maximum is the smaller of (1) 85 percent of the worker’s AIME (or 100 percent of the PIA, if larger) or (2) 150 percent of the PIA.

936.00 1,376.20 1,675.20 2,165.20 2,610.90

Monthly benefit amount:

Disabled worker age 50: 671.00 917.00 1,116.00 1,443.00 1,740.00

Worker alone .......................................................................

Worker, spouse, and 1 child ................................................ 935.00 1,375.00 1,674.00 2,163.00 2,610.00
2.A OASDI: Benefit Types and Levels

CONTACT: Joseph Bondar/Curt Pauzenga (410) 965-0162/7210 for further information.

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 119

Table 2.A27.—Minimum and maximum monthly retired-worker benefits payable to individuals who retired at age 62, 1 

1957–2001

 1 Benefit first available at age 62 to female workers effective November 1956 and to male workers effective August 1961.

Year of attainment of age 62 2 

 2 Assumes the worker began to work at age 22, retired at the beginning of the year, had no prior disability, and received the maximum reduction. Through 1999 the assumed 

reduction was 36 months at 5/9 of 1 percent per month or 20 percent. In 2000, with the increase in the full retirement age to 65 and 2 months, the reduction increased to 

20.008333 percent (see table 2.A.20). In 2001 the full retirement age increased to 65 and 4 months for a maximum reduction to 21.666667 percent. 

Minimum benefit Maximum benefit

Payable at time

of retirement

Payable effective

December 2000 3

 3 Final benefit amount payable after Supplementary Medical Insurance (SMI) premium or any other deduction is rounded to next lower $1.

Payable at time of retirement Payable effective December 2000 3 

Men Women Men Women

1957.............................................................................. $24.00 $299.50 . . . $86.80 . . . $738.10

1958.............................................................................. 24.00 299.50 . . . 86.80 . . . 738.10

1959.............................................................................. 26.40 299.50 . . . 92.80 . . . 738.10

1960.............................................................................. 26.40 298.20 . . . 95.20 . . . 757.20

1961.............................................................................. 26.40 296.60 . . . 96.00 . . . 762.60

1962.............................................................................. 32.00 295.60 $93.60 96.80 $743.90 769.40

1963.............................................................................. 32.00 294.10 94.40 97.60 749.00 774.40

1964.............................................................................. 32.00 294.10 95.20 98.40 753.60 779.60

1965.............................................................................. 35.20 293.70 102.80 105.40 757.90 777.90

1966.............................................................................. 35.20 291.40 102.80 106.20 755.30 780.40

1967.............................................................................. 35.20 289.40 105.40 108.80 772.10 796.50

1968.............................................................................. 4 4 44.00

 4 Effective for February 1968.

285.70 4 121.00 4 124.80 776.00 801.20

1969.............................................................................. 44.00 283.10 124.80 128.40 792.80 815.80

1970.............................................................................. 51.20 279.00 146.80 151.90 800.40 828.00

1971.............................................................................. 56.40 275.30 163.60 170.50 799.30 833.50

1972.............................................................................. 56.40 271.30 167.10 172.90 805.60 833.30

1973.............................................................................. 67.60 267.60 207.60 212.90 820.70 842.30

1974.............................................................................. 67.60 263.30 217.00 219.70 846.00 856.00

1975.............................................................................. 75.10 259.80 253.10 253.10 875.90 875.90

1976.............................................................................. 81.20 256.90 285.60 285.60 904.10 904.10

1977.............................................................................. 86.40 254.80 319.40 319.40 944.10 944.10

1978.............................................................................. 91.50 253.70 354.60 354.60 987.40 987.40

1979.............................................................................. 97.60 254.70 5 5 388.90

 5 Derived from transitional guarantee computation based on 1978 PIA table.

5 388.90 1,016.90 1,016.90

1980.............................................................................. 97.60 231.50 5 402.80 5 402.80 958.30 958.30

1981.............................................................................. 97.60 202.20 432.00 432.00 898.70 898.70

1982.............................................................................. 6 (6)

 6 Minimum PIA eliminated by 1981 legislation for workers who attain age 62 in 1982 or later. (The minimum is retained until 1991 for members of religious orders who were 

under a vow of poverty, provided that the order had elected Social Security coverage before Dec. 29, 1981).

 Note: The December 1999 cost–of–living adjustment (COLA) was originally determined to be 2.4 percent, based on the consumer price index (CPI). The underlying CPI 

was later recomputed by the Bureau of Labor Statistics; a 2.5 percent COLA would have been consistent with the recomputed CPI. Pursuant to P.L. 106–554, benefits will be 

calculated and paid in August 2001 and later as if the December 1999 COLA had been 2.5 percent. Affected beneficiaries will receive a one–time payment to cover the shortfall 

that occurred before August 2001.

 (6) 474.60 474.60 888.30 888.30

1983.............................................................................. (6) (6) 526.40 526.40 917.00 917.00

1984.............................................................................. (6) (6) 559.40 559.40 941.60 941.60

1985.............................................................................. (6) (6) 591.30 591.30 962.10 962.10

1986.............................................................................. (6) (6) 630.50 630.50 995.00 995.00

1987.............................................................................. (6) (6) 662.10 662.10 1,031.30 1,031.30

1988.............................................................................. (6) (6) 686.70 686.70 1,026.70 1,026.70

1989.............................................................................. (6) (6) 734.00 734.00 1,055.10 1,055.10

1990.............................................................................. (6) (6) 774.60 774.60 1,063.70 1,063.70

1991.............................................................................. (6) (6) 810.00 810.00 1,055.40 1,055.40

1992.............................................................................. (6) (6) 854.10 854.10 1,073.30 1,073.30

1993.............................................................................. (6) (6) 893.60 893.60 1,090.30 1,090.30

1994.............................................................................. (6) (6) 948.00 948.00 1,127.50 1,127.50

1995.............................................................................. (6) (6) 965.90 965.90 1,117.60 1,117.60

1996.............................................................................. (6) (6) 999.90 999.90 1,127.60 1,127.60

1997.............................................................................. (6) (6) 1,049.10 1,049.10 1,149.80 1,149.80

1998.............................................................................. (6) (6) 1,109.60 1,109.60 1,191.10 1,191.10

1999.............................................................................. (6) (6) 1,183.60 1,183.60 1,254.40 1,254.40

2000.............................................................................. (6) (6) 1,241.70 1,241.70 1,285.10 1,285.10

2001.............................................................................. (6) (6) 1,307.30 1,307.30 . . . . . .
2.A OASDI: Benefit Types and Levels

120 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Table 2.A28.—Minimum and maximum monthly retired-worker benefits payable to individuals who retired at age 65, 

1940–2001

Year of attainment of age 65 1

Minimum benefit Maximum benefit

Payable at time

of retirement

Payable effective

December 20002

Payable at time of retirement Payable effective December 2000 2

Men Women Men Women

1940..................................................................... $10.00 $318.00 $41.20 $41.20 $615.90 $615.90

1941..................................................................... 10.00 318.00 41.60 41.60 615.90 615.90

1942..................................................................... 10.00 318.00 42.00 42.00 623.20 623.20

1943..................................................................... 10.00 318.00 42.40 42.40 623.20 623.20

1944..................................................................... 10.00 318.00 42.80 42.80 623.20 630.00

1945..................................................................... 10.00 318.00 43.20 43.20 630.00 630.00

1946..................................................................... 10.00 318.00 43.60 43.60 637.60 637.60

1947..................................................................... 10.00 318.00 44.00 44.00 643.50 643.50

1948..................................................................... 10.00 318.00 44.40 44.40 643.50 643.50

1949..................................................................... 10.00 318.00 44.80 44.80 649.90 649.90

1950..................................................................... 10.00 318.00 45.20 45.20 658.10 658.10

1951..................................................................... 20.00 318.00 68.50 68.50 658.10 658.10

1952..................................................................... 20.00 318.00 68.50 68.50 658.10 658.10

1953..................................................................... 25.00 318.00 85.00 85.00 726.90 726.90

1954..................................................................... 25.00 318.00 85.00 85.00 726.90 726.90

1955..................................................................... 30.00 318.00 98.50 98.50 726.90 726.90

1956..................................................................... 30.00 318.00 103.50 103.50 768.00 768.00

1957..................................................................... 30.00 318.00 108.50 108.50 802.80 802.80

1958..................................................................... 30.00 318.00 108.50 108.50 802.80 802.80

1959..................................................................... 33.00 318.00 116.00 116.00 802.80 802.80

1960..................................................................... 33.00 318.00 119.00 119.00 822.90 822.90

1961..................................................................... 33.00 318.00 120.00 120.00 829.50 829.50

1962..................................................................... 40.00 318.00 121.00 123.00 837.10 851.20

1963..................................................................... 40.00 318.00 122.00 125.00 843.70 864.10

1964..................................................................... 40.00 318.00 123.00 127.00 851.20 878.40

1965..................................................................... 44.00 318.00 131.70 135.90 851.20 878.40

1966..................................................................... 44.00 318.00 132.70 135.90 857.40 878.40

1967..................................................................... 44.00 318.00 135.90 140.00 878.40 904.30

1968..................................................................... 3 55.00 318.00 3 156.00 3 161.60 891.60 923.90

1969..................................................................... 55.00 318.00 160.50 167.30 917.90 956.40

1970..................................................................... 64.00 318.00 189.80 196.40 943.50 977.10

1971..................................................................... 70.40 318.00 213.10 220.40 962.80 995.10

1972..................................................................... 70.40 318.00 216.10 224.70 977.10 1,015.20

1973..................................................................... 84.50 318.00 266.10 276.40 1,001.80 1,040.80

1974..................................................................... 84.50 318.00 274.60 284.90 1,033.60 1,072.50

1975..................................................................... 93.80 318.00 316.30 333.70 1,072.50 1,131.70

1976..................................................................... 101.40 318.00 364.00 378.80 1,142.20 1,188.90

1977..................................................................... 107.90 318.00 412.70 422.40 1,217.40 1,245.80

1978..................................................................... 114.30 318.00 459.80 459.80 1,280.80 1,280.80

1979..................................................................... 121.80 318.00 503.40 503.40 1,316.50 1,316.50

1980..................................................................... 133.90 318.00 572.00 572.00 1,361.10 1,361.10

1981..................................................................... 153.10 318.00 677.00 677.00 1,409.40 1,409.40

1982..................................................................... 4 170.30 318.00 4 679.30 4 679.30 1,271.10 1,271.10

1983..................................................................... 4 166.40 289.30 709.50 709.50 1,236.70 1,236.70

1984..................................................................... 4 150.50 252.40 703.60 703.60 1,184.60 1,184.60

1985..................................................................... 5(5) (5) 717.20 717.20 1,167.00 1,167.00

1986..................................................................... (5) (5) 760.10 760.10 1,199.50 1,199.50

1987..................................................................... (5) (5) 789.20 789.20 1,229.60 1,229.60

1988..................................................................... (5) (5) 838.60 838.60 1,254.20 1,254.20

1989..................................................................... (5) (5) 899.60 899.60 1,293.40 1,293.40

See footnotes at end of table.
2.A OASDI: Benefit Types and Levels

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 121

1990..................................................................... (5) (5) 975.00 975.00 1,339.20 1,339.20

1991..................................................................... (5) (5) 1,022.90 1,022.90 1,333.00 1,333.00

1992..................................................................... (5) (5) 1,088.70 1,088.70 1,368.20 1,368.20

1993..................................................................... (5) (5) 1,128.80 1,128.80 1,377.30 1,377.30

1994..................................................................... (5) (5) 1,147.50 1,147.50 1,364.80 1,364.80

1995..................................................................... (5) (5) 1,199.10 1,199.10 1,387.30 1,387.30

1996..................................................................... (5) (5) 1,248.90 1,248.90 1,408.40 1,408.40

1997..................................................................... (5) (5) 1,326.60 1,326.60 1,454.00 1,454.00

1998..................................................................... (5) (5) 1,342.80 1,342.80 1,441.50 1,441.50

1999..................................................................... (5) (5) 1,373.10 1,373.10 1,455.20 1,455.20

2000..................................................................... (5) (5) 1,433.90 1,433.90 1,484.00 1,484.00

2001..................................................................... (5) (5) 6 1,536.70 6 1,536.70 . . . . . .

 1 Assumes the worker began to work at age 22, retired at the beginning of the year, had no earnings after retirement and had no prior period of disability. 2 Final benefit amount payable after Supplementary Medical Insurance (SMI) premium or any other deduction is rounded to next lower $1. 3 Effective for February 1968.

 4 Derived from transitional guarantee computation based on 1978 PIA table.

 5 Minimum PIA eliminated by 1981 legislation for workers who attain age 62 in 1982 or later. (The minimum is retained until 1991 for members of religious orders who 

are under a vow of poverty, provided that the order had elected Social Security coverage before Dec. 29, 1981). 6 The December 1999 cost–of–living adjustment (COLA) was originally determined to be 2.4%, based on the Consumer Price Index (CPI). The underlying CPI was later 

recomputed by the Bureau of Labor Statistics; a 2.5% COLA would have been consistent with the recomputed CPI. Pursuant to P.L. 106–554, benefits will be calculated 

and paid in August 2001 and later as if the December 1999 COLA had been 2.5%. Affected beneficiaries will receive a one–time payment to cover the shortfall that 

occurred before August 2001. The benefit will be adjusted to $1,538.20 to reflect the recomputation of the December 1999 COLA and will be paid retroactively to January 

2001.

Table 2.A28.—Minimum and maximum monthly retired-worker benefits payable to individuals who retired at age 65, 

1940–2001—Continued

Year of attainment of age 65 1

Minimum benefit Maximum benefit

Payable at time

of retirement

Payable effective

December 20002

Payable at time of retirement Payable effective December 2000 2

Men Women Men Women

 CONTACT: Joseph Bondar/Curt Pauzenga (410) 965-0162/7210 for further information.
2.A OASDI: Effect of Current Earnings & Taxation of Benefits

 

122 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Table 2.A29.—Earnings (retirement) test

Year

enacted

Beneficiaries

exempt

Earnings 

subject

to test

Amount permitted

without reduction

in benefits

(exempt amount)

Reduction in monthly benefits 1 Effectiveyear

Annual

earnings

Monthly

wages 2

For all beneficiaries

1935 .......... . . . Covered . . . . . . Full monthly benefit . . .

1939 .......... . . . . . . . . . $14.99 . . . 1940

1950 .......... Aged 75 or older . . . 3 $600 50.00 . . . 1951

1952 .......... . . . . . . 3 900 75.00 . . . 1953

1954 .......... Aged 72 or older All 4 1,200 80.00 One month's full benefit for each $80.00 or fraction 

thereof

1955

1956 .......... Disabled . . . . . . . . . . . . 1958

1958 .......... . . . . . . . . . 100.00 . . . 1959

1960 .......... . . . . . . . . . . . . $1 for each $2 of earnings from $1,201–$1,500 1961

$1 for each $1 of earnings above $1,500

1961 .......... . . . . . . . . . . . . $1 for each $2 of earnings from $1,201–$1,700 1962

$1 for each $1 of earnings above $1,700

1965 .......... . . . . . . 1,500 125.00 $1 for each $2 of earnings from $1,501–$2,700 1966

$1 for each $1 of earnings above $2,700

1967 .......... . . . . . . 1,680 140.00 $1 for each $2 of earnings from $1,681–$2,880 1968

$1 for each $1 of earnings above $2,880

1972 .......... . . . Up to age 72 2,100 175.00 $1 for each $2 of earnings above $2,100 1973

1973 .......... . . . . . . 2,400 200.00 $1 for each $2 of earnings above $2,400 1974 5 2,520 5 210.00 $1 for each $2 of earnings above $2,520 1975 5 2,760 5 230.00 $1 for each $2 of earnings above $2,760 1976

5 3,000 5 250.00 $1 for each $2 of earnings above $3,000 1977

For beneficiaries who have not reached full retirement age 6 

1977 .......... . . . . . . 5 $3,240 5 $270.00 $1 for each $2 of earnings above $3,240 1978 5 3,480 5 290.00 $1 for each $2 of earnings above $3,480 1979 5 3,720 5 310.00 $1 for each $2 of earnings above $3,720 1980 5 4,080 5 340.00 $1 for each $2 of earnings above $4,080 1981 5 4,440 5 370.00 $1 for each $2 of earnings above $4,440 1982 5 4,920 5 410.00 $1 for each $2 of earnings above $4,920 1983 5 5,160 5 430.00 $1 for each $2 of earnings above $5,160 1984 5 5,400 5 450.00 $1 for each $2 of earnings above $5,400 1985 5 5,760 5 480.00 $1 for each $2 of earnings above $5,760 1986 5 6,000 5 500.00 $1 for each $2 of earnings above $6,000 1987 5 6,120 5 510.00 $1 for each $2 of earnings above $6,120 1988 5 6,480 5 540.00 $1 for each $2 of earnings above $6,480 1989 5 6,840 5 570.00 $1 for each $2 of earnings above $6,840 1990 5 7,080 5 590.00 $1 for each $2 of earnings above $7,080 1991 5 7,440 5 620.00 $1 for each $2 of earnings above $7,440 1992 5 7,680 5 640.00 $1 for each $2 of earnings above $7,680 1993 5 8,040 5 670.00 $1 for each $2 of earnings above $8,040 1994 5 8,160 5 680.00 $1 for each $2 of earnings above $8,160 1995 5 8,280 5 690.00 $1 for each $2 of earnings above $8,280 1996 5 8,640 5 720.00 $1 for each $2 of earnings above $8,640 1997 5 9,120 5 760.00 $1 for each $2 of earnings above $9,120 1998 5 9,600 5 800.00 $1 for each $2 of earnings above $9,600 1999

See footnotes at end of table.
 2.A OASDI: Effect of Current Earnings & Taxation of Benefits

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 123

For beneficiaries who have reached full retirement age 6 

1977 ........... . . . . . . 7 $4,000 7 $333.33 $1 for each $2 of earnings above $4,000 1978 7 4,500 7 375.00 $1 for each $2 of earnings above $4,500 1979 7 5,000 7 416.66 $1 for each $2 of earnings above $5,000 1980 7 5,500 7 458.33 $1 for each $2 of earnings above $5,500 1981 7 6,000 7 500.00 $1 for each $2 of earnings above $6,000 1982

1981 .......... Aged 70 or older Up to age 70 . . . . . . . . . 1983 5 6,600 5 550.00 $1 for each $2 of earnings above $6,600 1983 5 6,960 5 580.00 $1 for each $2 of earnings above $6,960 1984 5 7,320 5 610.00 $1 for each $2 of earnings above $7,320 1985 5 7,800 5 650.00 $1 for each $2 of earnings above $7,800 1986 5 8,160 5 680.00 $1 for each $2 of earnings above $8,160 1987 5 8,400 5 700.00 $1 for each $2 of earnings above $8,400 1988

5 8,880 5 740.00 $1 for each $2 of earnings above $8,880 1989

1983 .......... . . . . . . . . . . . . $1 for each $3 of earnings above exempt amount 1990 5 9,360 5 780.00 $1 for each $3 of earnings above $9,360 1990 5 9,720 5 810.00 $1 for each $3 of earnings above $9,720 1991 5 10,200 5 850.00 $1 for each $3 of earnings above $10,200 1992 5 10,560 5 880.00 $1 for each $3 of earnings above $10,560 1993 5 11,160 5 930.00 $1 for each $3 of earnings above $11,160 1994

5 11,280 5 940.00 $1 for each $3 of earnings above $11,280 1995

1996 .......... . . . . . . 12,500 8 1,041.67 $1 for each $3 of earnings above $12,500 1996

13,500 1,125.00 $1 for each $3 of earnings above $13,500 1997

14,500 9 1,208.33 $1 for each $3 of earnings above $14,500 1998

15,500 10 1,291.67 $1 for each $3 of earnings above $15,500 1999

2000 .......... . . . . . . Earnings test eliminated 11 2000

For beneficiaries who will not reach full retirement age during year 6 

2000 .......... . . . . . . 5 $10,080 5 $840 $1 for each $2 of earnings above $10,080 2000

. . . . . . 5 10,680 5 890 $1 for each $2 of earnings above $10,680 2001

For beneficiaries who will reach full retirement age during year 6 

2000 .......... . . . . . . $17,000 12 $1,416.67 $1 for each $3 of earnings above $17,000 2000

25,000 13 2,083.33 $1 for each $3 of earnings above $25,000 2001

30,000 2,500.00 $1 for each $3 of earnings above $30,000 2002

 1Earnings of retired-worker beneficiary affect total monthly family benefit. Earnings of dependent or survivor beneficiary affect only his or her 

benefit. However, effective January 1985, earnings of retired-worker beneficiary do not affect benefit to divorced spouse who has been divorced at 

least 2 years. Effective for benefits after December 1990, the 2-year requirement is waived, if the worker was entitled to benefits before the divorce.

 2 Monthly test for self-employment income is defined in terms of substantial services. For taxable years beginning after Dec. 31, 1977, monthly 

test eliminated for both wage and self-employment income except that each individual may use monthly test for 1 grace year, usually the year of 

retirement.

 3Applied to self-employment income only.

 4Special provisions for earnings in noncovered employment outside the United States.

 5Became effective due to automatic adjustment provisions mandated by 1972 and 1973 legislation.

 6Age 65 for beneficiaries who attain age 62 (age 60 for widows and widowers) before 2000, gradually increasing to age 67 for beneficiaries who 

attain age 62 in 2022 or later. 7 Discretionary increase included in 1977 legislation.

 8Actual amount is $1,041.66 2/3.

 9Actual amount is $1,208.33 1/3.

 10Actual amount is $1,291.66 2/3.

 11Public Law 106–182, enacted Apr. 7, 2000, eliminated the earnings test beginning with the month a beneficiary reaches full retirement age 

(FRA). The annual earnings test that applies in the year of attainment of FRA is based on the annual limits established under P.L. 104–121 (including 

the $1 for $3 withholding rate). In determining annual earnings for purposes of the annual earnings test under this legislation, only earnings before 

the month of attainment of FRA will be considered. Public Law 106–182 did not change the annual exempt amount for beneficiaries who are under 

FRA throughout the year, which continues to be pegged to increases in the average wage. 12Actual amount is $1,416.66 2/3.

 13Actual amount is $2,083.33 1/3.

Table 2.A29.—Earnings (retirement) test—Continued

Year

enacted

Beneficiaries

exempt

Earnings 

subject

to test

Amount permitted

without reduction

in benefits

(exempt amount)

Reduction in monthly benefits 1 Effectiveyear

Annual

earnings

Monthly

wages 2

CONTACT: Joseph Bondar/Curt Pauzenga (410) 965-0162/7210 for further information
2.A OASDI: Effect of Current Earnings & Taxation of Benefits

CONTACT: Curt Pauzenga/Joseph Bondar (410) 965-7210/0162 for further information.

124 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Table 2.A30.—Earnings guidelines1 regarding substantial gainful activity (SGA), 1961–2001

 1 Earnings are net of any wage subsidies and impairment-related expenses. SGA guidelines for self-employed individuals differ from the guidelines for wage earners. 

Self–employment activity is generally examined in terms of time spent and degree of effort, as compared to that of nondisabled self-employed individuals.

Average monthly amounts of earnings for—

Nonblind beneficiaries 2 

 2 Earnings above the maximum amount ordinarily demonstrate SGA; earnings below the minimum amount show that SGA has not occurred. When earnings are 

between the minimum and maximum, other factors are considered.

Year Maximum Minimum Blind beneficiaries 3

 3 The 1977 amendments provided that, effective 1978, earnings of blind beneficiaries would be evaluated under different SGA guidelines than nonblind beneficiaries. 

1961–1965.................................................. $100 $50 4 (4)

 4 Pre-1978 guidelines are the same as those applicable to nonblind beneficiaries.

1966–June 1968 ......................................... 125 75 (4)

July 1968–1973........................................... 140 90 (4)

1974–1975.................................................. 200 130 (4)

1976............................................................ 230 150 (4)

1977............................................................ 240 160 (4)

1978............................................................ 260 170 $334

1979............................................................ 280 180 375

1980............................................................ 300 190 417

1981............................................................ 300 190 459

1982............................................................ 300 190 500

1983–1989.................................................. 300 190 (5)

1990............................................................ 500 300 5 780

 5 Annual amounts were determined by automatic adjustments linked to increases in average wage level. The amounts equal the monthly exempt amounts under the 

earnings test applicable to beneficiaries who have reached full retirement age (see table 2.A29—fourth column, third bank—for the 1983–1995 amounts). 

1991............................................................ 500 300 810

1992............................................................ 500 300 850

1993............................................................ 500 300 880

1994............................................................ 500 300 930

1995............................................................ 500 300 940

1996............................................................ 500 300 960

1997............................................................ 500 300 1,000

1998............................................................ 500 300 1,050

January–June 1999 .................................... 500 300 1,110

July 1999..................................................... 700 300 1,110

January 2000 .............................................. 700 300 1,170

January 2001 .............................................. 6 740

 6 Computed as follows: Nonblind SGA amount for 2000, multiplied by the ratio of the 1999 national average wage index to the 1998 index. Rounding is to the nearest 

multiple of $10. (Had this computation produced a lower SGA level than the 2000 level, the 2000 level would have been used.)

300 7 1,240

 7 Computed as follows: Blind SGA amount for 1994, multiplied by the ratio of the 1999 national average wage index to the 1992 index. Rounding is to the nearest 

multiple of $10. (Had this computation produced a lower SGA level than the 2000 level, the 2000 level would have been used.)
2.A OASDI: Effect of Current Earnings & Taxation of Benefits

CONTACT: Curt Pauzenga/Joseph Bondar (410) 965-7210/0162 for further information.

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 125

Table 2.A31.—Taxation of Social Security benefits

Year

enacted Definition of income

 Individuals or

couples with income 

exceeding— Benefits included in gross income

 Effective for

taxable years—

Married filing jointly

1983 ....... Modified adjusted gross income, 1

plus 50 percent of Social Security and

Tier 1 Railroad Retirement benefits 2

 1 Adjusted gross income (before Social Security or Railroad Retirement benefits are considered), plus tax-exempt interest income, with further 

modification of adjusted gross income in some cases involving certain tax provisions of limited applicability among the beneficiary population.

 2 Includes workers' compensation benefits to the extent they cause a reduction in Social Security or Tier 1 Railroad Retirement disability benefits.

$32,000 Lesser of one-half of Social Security and Tier 1 

Railroad Retirement benefits 2 or one-half of 

income over $32,000

Ending after

Dec. 31, 1983

1993 ....... Same as above $32,000

but not $44,000

Same as above Beginning after

Dec. 31, 1993

$44,000 Lesser of 85 percent of Social Security and Tier 1 

Railroad Retirement benefits 2 or the sum of 

$6,000 plus 85 percent of income over $44,000

Married filing separate returns 3 

 3 Includes only married taxpayers filing separately who lived with their spouse at any time during the tax year; married individuals filing separately 

who did not live with their spouse are treated the same as unmarried individuals. 

1983 ....... Same as above 0 Lesser of one-half of Social Security and Tier 1 

Railroad Retirement benefits 2 or one-half of 

income

Ending after

Dec. 31, 1983

1993 ....... Same as above 0 Lesser of 85 percent of Social Security and Tier 1 

Railroad Retirement benefits 2 or 85 percent of 

income

Beginning after

Dec. 31, 1993

Individuals in all other filing categories

1983 ....... Same as above $25,000 Lesser of one-half of Social Security and Tier 1 

Railroad Retirement benefits 2 or one-half of 

income over $25,000

Ending after

Dec. 31, 1983

1993 ....... Same as above $25,000

but not $34,000

Same as above Beginning after

Dec. 31, 1993

$34,000 Lesser of 85 percent of Social Security and Tier 1 

Railroad Retirement benefits 2 or 85 percent of 

income over $34,000
2.A OASDI: Effect of Current Earnings & Taxation of Benefits

CONTACT: Curt Pauzenga/Joseph Bondar (410) 965-7210/0162 for further information.

126 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Table 2.A32.—Taxation of Social Security benefits: Examples

Modified

adjusted

gross

income 1

1 Adjusted gross income (before Social Security or Railroad Retirement benefits are considered), plus tax-exempt interest income, with further modification of adjusted 

gross income in some cases involving certain tax provisions of limited applicability among the beneficiary population.

 Amount of

benefits 2

 One-half

of benefits 2

2 Social Security and Tier 1 Railroad Retirement benefits, including workers' compensation benefits to the extent they cause a reduction in either of these two types of 

benefits.

 Income

to be

 compared

with base

amount

 Relevant

base

amount 3

3 For married couples filing joint returns, up to 50 percent of benefits are subject to income tax if gross income is over $32,000 but less than $44,000. If gross income is 

less than $32,000, none of the Social Security benefits will be taxable. If gross income exceeds $44,000, up to 85 percent of Social Security benefits will be taxable 

income. Similar lower and upper level thresholds or "base amounts'' for single individuals are $25,000 and $34,000. There is no similar threshold or base amount for 

married individuals who live together but file separate returns (for example, up to 85 percent of Social Security benefits in those cases may be considered taxable income).

 Income in

excess of

base

amount

 One-half

of excess

 85 percent

of excess

income

 Lower of

one-half

of benefits,

or one-half

of income

between

upper and

lower base

amounts

 85 percent

of benefits

Taxable benefits included 

in gross income 

If income

does not

exceed upper

base

amount—

 lesser of

 one-half of

 benefits or

 one-half of

income over

base amount

 If income

exceeds upper

 base amount—

lesser of

85 percent of

 benefits or

one-half of

income between

 base amounts

plus 85 percent

 of income

 over upper

 base amount

A B C D = A + C E F = D - E G = F / 2 H = .85 F I J = .85 B

K = lesser 

of C or G

L = lesser

 of J or I + H

Married filing jointly

$25,000........ $10,000 $5,000 $30,000 $32,000 0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$28,000........ 10,000 5,000 33,000 32,000 $1,000 $500 . . . . . . . . . $500 . . .

$33,000........ 10,000 5,000 38,000 32,000 6,000 3,000 . . . . . . . . . 3,000 . . .

$38,000........ 10,000 5,000 43,000 32,000 11,000 5,500 . . . . . . . . . 5,000 . . .

$40,000........ 10,000 5,000 45,000 44,000 1,000 . . . $850 $5,000 $8,500 . . . $5,850

$43,000........ 10,000 5,000 48,000 44,000 4,000 . . . 3,400 5,000 8,500 . . . 8,400

$45,000........ 10,000 5,000 50,000 44,000 6,000 . . . 5,100 5,000 8,500 . . . 8,500

Married filing separate returns 4

4 Includes only married taxpayers filing separately who lived with their spouse at any time during the tax year; married individuals filing separately who did not live with 

their spouse are treated the same as unmarried individuals. 

0................... $6,000 $3,000 $3,000 0 $3,000 . . . $2,550 0 $5,100 . . . $2,550

$2,000.......... 6,000 3,000 5,000 0 5,000 . . . 4,250 0 5,100 . . . 4,250

$4,000.......... 6,000 3,000 7,000 0 7,000 . . . 5,950 0 5,100 . . . 5.100

$10,000........ 6,000 3,000 13,000 0 13,000 . . . 11,050 0 5,100 . . . 5,100

$20,000........ 6,000 3,000 23,000 0 23,000 . . . 19,550 0 5,100 . . . 5,100

Individuals in all other filing categories

$20,000........ $8,000 $4,000 $24,000 $25,000 0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$25,000........ 8,000 4,000 29,000 25,000 $4,000 $2,000 . . . . . . . . . $2,000 . . .

$30,000........ 8,000 4,000 34,000 25,000 9,000 4,500 . . . . . . . . . 4,000 . . .

$32,000........ 8,000 4,000 36,000 34,000 2,000 . . . $1,700 $4,000 $6,800 . . . $5,700

$35,000........ 8,000 4,000 39,000 34,000 5,000 . . . 4,250 4,000 6,800 . . . 6,800

$40,000........ 8,000 4,000 44,000 34,000 10,000 . . . 8,500 4,000 6,800 . . . 6,800
2.B SSI: History of Provisions

CONTACT: Lenna D. Kennedy (410) 965-9846 for further information.

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 127

Table 2.B1.—Federal benefit rates

Act Living arrangement 1 

 1 For those in another person’s household receiving support and maintenance there, the federal benefit rate is reduced by one-third.

Amount 2 

 2 For those without countable income. These payments are reduced by the amount of countable income of the individual or couple.

Individual Couple Condition

1972.................. Own household 3 

 3 Includes persons in private institutions whose care is not provided by Medicaid.

$130.00 $195.00 Was to be effective Jan. 1, 1974; superseded by 1973 provision.

1973.................. . . . 140.00 210.00 Effective Jan. 1, 1974.

1973.................. . . . 146.00 219.00 Effective July 1, 1974.

1974.................. . . . . . . . . . Mechanism established for providing cost-of-living adjustments.

. . . 157.70 236.60 Effective July 1, 1975.

. . . 167.80 251.80 Effective July 1, 1976.

. . . 177.70 266.70 Effective July 1, 1977.

. . . 189.40 284.10 Effective July 1, 1978.

. . . 208.20 312.30 Effective July 1, 1979.

. . . 238.00 357.00 Effective July 1, 1980.

. . . 264.70 397.00 Effective July 1, 1981.

. . . 284.30 426.40 Effective July 1, 1982.

1983.................. . . . 304.30 456.40 Effective July 1, 1983 (general benefit increase).

. . . 314.00 472.00 Effective Jan. 1, 1984.

. . . 325.00 488.00 Effective Jan. 1, 1985.

. . . 336.00 504.00 Effective Jan. 1, 1986.

. . . 340.00 510.00 Effective Jan. 1, 1987.

. . . 354.00 532.00 Effective Jan. 1, 1988.

. . . 368.00 553.00 Effective Jan. 1, 1989.

. . . 386.00 579.00 Effective Jan. 1, 1990.

. . . 407.00 610.00 Effective Jan. 1, 1991.

. . . 422.00 633.00 Effective Jan. 1, 1992.

. . . 434.00 652.00 Effective Jan. 1, 1993.

. . . 446.00 669.00 Effective Jan. 1, 1994.

. . . 458.00 687.00 Effective Jan. 1, 1995.

. . . 470.00 705.00 Effective Jan. 1, 1996.

. . . 484.00 726.00 Effective Jan. 1, 1997.

. . . 494.00 741.00 Effective Jan. 1, 1998.

. . . 500.00 751.00 Effective Jan. 1, 1999.

. . . 513.00 769.00 Effective Jan. 1, 2000.

. . . 531.00 796.00 Effective Jan. 1, 2001.

1972.................. Receiving institutional care

covered by Medicaid

25.00 50.00 Effective Jan. 1, 1974. Must be receiving more than 50 percent of the cost of the

care from Medicaid (Title XIX of the Social Security Act).

1987.................. . . . 30.00 60.00 Effective July 1, 1988. Must be receiving more than 50 percent of the cost of the

care from Medicaid (Title XIX of the Social Security Act).
2.C Medicare: History of Provisions

CONTACT: Rita L. DiSimone/Barbara Klees (202) 358-6221/ (410) 786-6388 for further information.

128 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Table 2.C1.—Medicare cost sharing and premium amounts, 1966–2001

Beginning1—

1The HI and SMI deductible and coinsurance amounts begin in January unless otherwise noted. The HI and SMI monthly premium amounts were effective

in July through 1983. Monthly premium amounts begin in January in 1984 and succeeding years.

Hospital Insurance Supplementary Medical Insurance

All expenses in “benefit period” covered except—

 Monthly

premium 2

2 Premium paid for voluntary participation of individuals aged 65 or older not otherwise entitled to Hospital Insurance and of certain disabled individuals who have 

exhausted other entitlement.

Annual

deductible

Coinsurance

(in percents)

Monthly premium

Inpatient

hospital

deductible

(IHD)

covers

first 60 days

Inpatient hospital

daily coinsurance

Skilled nursing

facility daily

coinsurance

after 20 days

(1/8 X IHD)

For

enrollee

(aged and

disabled) 3

3 Beginning in July 1973 for the disabled.

Government

amounts for—

Days 61

through 90

(1/4 X IHD)

Lifetime

reserve days

after 90 days

(1/2 X IHD) Aged Disabled 3

July:

1966............................. $40 $10 4(4)

4 Benefit not provided.

(4) . . . $50 20 $3.00 $3.00 . . .

1967............................. 40 10 (4) $5.00 . . . 50 20 3.00 3.00 . . .

1968............................. 40 10 20 5.00 . . . 550

5 Professional inpatient services of pathologists and radiologists not subject to deductible or coinsurance, beginning in April 1968.

 520 6 4.00

6 Beginning in April 1968.

6 4.00 . . .

1969............................. 44 11 22 5.50 . . . 50 20 4.00 4.00 . . .

1970............................. 52 13 26 6.50 . . . 50 20 5.30 5.30 . . .

1971............................. 60 15 30 7.50 . . . 50 20 5.60 5.60 . . .

1972............................. 68 17 34 8.50 . . . 50 720

7 Home health services not subject to coinsurance, beginning in January 1973.

5.80 5.80 . . .

1973............................. 72 18 36 9.00 $33 60 20 8 9 8 6.30

8 Monthly premium for July and August 1973 was reduced to $5.80 and $6.10, respectively, by the Cost of Living Council.

9 Home health services not subjected to deductible.

6.30 $22.70

1974............................. 84 21 42 10.50 36 60 20 6.70 6.70 29.30

1975............................. 92 23 46 11.50 40 60 20 6.70 8.30 30.30

1976............................. 104 26 52 13.00 45 60 20 7.20 14.20 30.80

1977............................. 124 31 62 15.50 54 60 20 7.70 16.90 42.30

1978............................. 144 36 72 18.00 63 60 20 8.20 18.60 41.80

1979............................. 160 40 80 20.00 69 60 20 8.70 18.10 41.30

1980............................. 180 45 90 22.50 78 60 20 9.60 23.00 41.40

1981............................. 204 51 102 25.50 89 9 10 60

10 Same as footnote 5, but only when physician accepts assignment.

10 20 11.00 34.20 62.20

1982............................. 260 65 130 32.50 113 11 75

11 Effective Oct. 1, 1982 professional inpatient services of pathologists and radiologists are subject to deductible and coinsurance.

11 20 12.20 37.00 72.00

1983............................. 304 76 152 38.00 113 75 20 12.20 41.80 80.00

January:

1984............................. 356 89 178 44.50 155 75 20 14.60 43.80 94.00

1985............................. 400 100 200 50.00 174 75 20 15.50 46.50 89.90

1986............................. 492 123 246 61.50 214 75 20 15.50 46.50 66.10

1987............................. 520 130 260 65.00 226 75 20 17.90 53.70 88.10

1988............................. 540 135 270 67.50 234 75 20 24.80 74.40 72.40

1989............................. 12 560

12 Unlike all other years, the 1989 deductible was applied on an annual, rather than a benefit period, basis. Once the deductible was paid by the beneficiary, Medicare 

paid the balance of expenses for covered hospital services, regardless of the number of days of hospitalization (except for psychiatric hospital care, which was still limited 

by the 190–day lifetime maximum).

(12) (12) 13 25.50

13 The coinsurance amount in 1989 was equal to 20 percent of the estimated national average daily cost of covered skilled nursing facility care, rather than 1/8 of the 

inpatient hospital deductible. The beneficiary paid the coinsurance amount for the first 8 days of care in 1989, rather than for days of care 21 to 100 in a benefit period as 

in all other years. Skilled nursing facility benefits were available for up to 150 days of care per year in 1989, rather than for up to 100 days of care per benefit period as in 

all other years.

156 75 20 14 31.90

14 Includes the standard monthly SMI premium and a supplemental monthly flat premium under the Medicare Catastrophic Coverage Act of 1988. Amount shown is for 

most Part B enrollees. Residents of Puerto Rico and other territories and commonwealths, as well as persons enrolled in Part B only, paid different supplemental flat premiums resulting in a smaller premium than that shown.

83.70 40.70

1990............................. 592 148 296 74.00 175 75 20 28.60 85.80 59.60

1991............................. 628 157 314 78.50 177 100 20 29.90 95.30 82.10

1992............................. 652 163 326 81.50 192 100 20 31.80 89.80 129.80

1993............................. 676 169 338 84.50 221 100 20 36.60 104.40 129.20

1994............................. 696 174 348 87.00 15 245

15 A reduced premium is available to individuals aged 65 or older who are not otherwise entitled to HI but who have (or who were married to, widowed, or divorced from 

a spouse for certain periods of time who has or had) at least 30 quarters of Social Security coverage. The reduced premium is $184, $183, $188, $187, $170, $170, $166, 

and $165, for 1994 to 2001, respectively.

100 20 41.10 82.50 111.10

1995............................. 716 179 358 89.50 15 261 100 20 46.10 100.10 165.50

1996............................. 736 184 368 92.00 15 289 100 20 42.50 127.30 167.70

1997............................. 760 190 380 95.00 15 311 100 20 43.80 131.40 177.00

1998............................. 764 191 382 95.50 15 309 100 20 43.80 132.00 150.40

1999............................. 768 192 384 96.00 15 309 100 20 45.50 139.10 160.50

2000............................. 776 194 388 97.00 15 301 100 20 45.50 138.30 196.70

2001............................. 792 198 396 99.00 15 300 100 20 50.00 152.00 214.40
2.C Medicaid

CONTACT: Gene Moyer (202) 690-7861 for further information.

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 129

Table 2.C2.—Federal medical assistance percentage and enhanced federal medical assistance percentage

State

Federal medical assistance percentage 1

1Section 1905 (b) of the Social Security Act specifies the method to be used to compute the federal medical assistance percentage. From this section 

the following formula is derived:

 N = 3-year average national per capita personal income

 S = 3-year average state per capita personal income 

 Federal medical assistance percentage: 

 State share = (S2/N2) x 45 or (45/N2) x S2

 Federal share = 100 - state share with 50–83% limits.

Enhanced federal medical assistance percentage 2

2This is the title XXI enhanced federal medical assistance percentage rate specified in section 2105(b) of the act. The enhanced federal medical assistance 

percentage is limited to no more than 85%.

2000 3

3Effective Oct. 1, 1997, through Sept. 30, 1998.

2001 4

4Effective Oct. 1, 1998, through Sept. 30, 1999.

2002 5

5Effective Oct. 1, 2000, through Sept. 30, 2001.

2001 2002

Alabama....................................... 69.57 69.99 70.45 78.99 79.32

Alaska.......................................... 6 59.80

6For 1998, 1999, and 2000, the values in the table were set for state plans under titles XIX and XXI and for capitation payments and disproportionate share hospital 

allotments under those titles. For other purposes, the percentage for Alaska is 52.26 and for the District of Columbia 50%.

 6 56.04 6 53.01 6 69.23 6 67.11

Arizona......................................... 65.92 65.77 64.98 76.04 75.49

Arkansas...................................... 72.85 73.02 72.64 81.11 80.85

California...................................... 51.67 51.25 51.40 65.88 65.98

Colorado ...................................... 50.00 50.00 50.00 65.00 65.00

Connecticut.................................. 50.00 50.00 50.00 65.00 65.00

Delaware...................................... 50.00 50.00 50.00 65.00 65.00

District of Columbia...................... 6 70.00 6 70.00 6 70.00 6 79.00 6 79.00

Florida.......................................... 56.52 56.62 56.43 69.63 69.50

Georgia ........................................ 59.88 59.67 59.00 71.77 71.30

Hawaii .......................................... 51.01 53.85 56.34 67.70 69.44

Idaho............................................ 70.15 70.76 71.02 79.53 79.71

Illinois........................................... 50.00 50.00 50.00 65.00 65.00

Indiana ......................................... 61.74 62.04 62.04 73.43 73.43

Iowa ............................................. 63.06 62.67 62.86 73.87 74.00

Kansas......................................... 60.03 59.85 60.20 71.90 72.14

Kentucky...................................... 70.55 70.39 69.94 79.27 78.96

Louisiana ..................................... 70.32 70.53 70.30 79.37 79.21

Maine........................................... 66.22 66.12 66.58 76.28 76.61

Maryland...................................... 50.00 50.00 50.00 65.00 65.00

Massachusetts............................. 50.00 50.00 50.00 65.00 65.00

Michigan ...................................... 55.11 56.18 56.36 69.33 69.45

Minnesota .................................... 51.48 51.11 50.00 65.78 65.00

Mississippi ................................... 76.80 76.82 76.09 83.77 83.26

Missouri ....................................... 60.51 61.03 61.06 72.72 72.74

Montana....................................... 72.30 73.04 72.83 81.13 80.98

Nebraska ..................................... 60.88 60.38 59.55 72.27 71.69

Nevada ........................................ 50.00 50.36 50.00 65.25 65.00

New Hampshire ........................... 50.00 50.00 50.00 65.00 65.00

New Jersey.................................. 50.00 50.00 50.00 65.00 65.00

New Mexico ................................. 73.32 73.80 73.04 81.66 81.13

New York...................................... 50.00 50.00 50.00 65.00 65.00

North Carolina.............................. 62.49 62.47 61.46 73.73 73.02

North Dakota................................ 70.42 69.99 69.87 78.99 78.91

Ohio ............................................. 58.67 59.03 58.78 71.32 71.15

Oklahoma .................................... 71.09 71.24 70.43 79.87 79.30

Oregon......................................... 59.96 60.00 59.20 72.00 71.44

Pennsylvania ............................... 53.82 53.62 54.65 67.53 68.26

Rhode Island................................ 53.77 53.79 52.45 67.65 66.72

South Carolina ............................. 69.95 70.44 69.34 79.31 78.54

South Dakota ............................... 68.72 68.31 65.93 77.82 76.15

Tennessee ................................... 63.10 63.79 63.64 74.65 74.55

Texas ........................................... 61.36 60.57 60.17 72.40 72.12

Utah ............................................. 71.55 71.44 70.00 80.01 79.00

Vermont ....................................... 62.24 62.40 63.06 73.68 74.14

Virginia......................................... 51.67 51.85 51.45 66.30 66.02

Washington.................................. 51.83 50.70 50.37 65.49 65.26

West Virginia................................ 74.78 75.34 75.27 82.74 82.69

Wisconsin .................................... 58.78 59.29 58.57 71.50 71.00

Wyoming ..................................... 64.04 64.60 61.97 75.22 73.38

Outlying areas:

American Samoa...................... 7 50.00

7For purposes of section 1118 of the Social Security Act, the federal medical assistance percentage used under titles I, X, XIV, and XVI, and part A of title IV will be 

75%.

 7 50.00 7 50.00 7 65.00 7 65.00

Guam ....................................... 7 50.00 7 50.00 7 50.00 7 65.00 7 65.00

Northern Mariana Islands......... 7 50.00 7 50.00 7 50.00 7 65.00 7 65.00

Puerto Rico .............................. 7 50.00 7 50.00 7 50.00 7 65.00 7 65.00

Virgin Islands............................ 7 50.00 7 50.00 7 50.00 7 65.00 7 65.00
 2.F Administrative Data: Offices and Staff 

CONTACTS: Table 2.F1, Harold Atkins (410) 965-2367; table 2.F2, Nelson Izquierdo (410) 965-4364;

and table 2.F3, Donna Frocke (410) 965-3094 for further information.

130 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Table 2.F1.—Number of SSA offices, 2000

Organization Number

SSA headquarters (Baltimore, Maryland) ............................................................................................................................................................... 1

Regional offices1 ....................................................................................................................................................................................................

 1 Regional offices are located in Boston, MA; New York, NY; Philadelphia, PA; Atlanta, GA; Chicago, IL; Dallas, TX; Kansas City, MO; Denver, CO; San Francisco, CA; and 

Seattle, WA.

10

Field offices 2 ..........................................................................................................................................................................................................

 2 In December 1997, the field offices were redesignated as Level 1, 2, or resident stations depending on the characteristics of the facility, service area, and other conditions.

1,340

Level 1.................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 567

Level 2.................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 721

Resident stations.................................................................................................................................................................................................. 52

Teleservice centers............................................................................................................................................................................................... 36

Program service centers 3 ......................................................................................................................................................................................

 3 Program service centers are located in Jamaica, NY; Philadelphia, PA; Birmingham, AL; Chicago, IL; Kansas City, MO; and Richmond, CA.

6

Data operations centers 4 .......................................................................................................................................................................................

 4 The data operations center is located in Wilkes-Barre, PA.

1

Office of Hearings and Appeals:

Headquarters (Falls Church, Virginia) .................................................................................................................................................................. 1

Regional offices.................................................................................................................................................................................................... 10

Hearing offices ..................................................................................................................................................................................................... 139

Satellite offices ..................................................................................................................................................................................................... 4

Table 2.F2.—Number and percentage of SSA employees, by grade, September 30, 20001

 1 Data from SSA’s Affirmative Employment Plan.

Employees Total GS 1–4 GS 5–8 GS 9–12 GS13–15 SES

Total number 2 ........................................................................

 2 Includes all full-time and part-time permanent employees.

61,038 1,616 20,428 32,079 6,915 127

Percent:

Women .......................................................................................... 72.2 78.5 82.5 70.9 45.7 38.5

All minorities.................................................................................. 40.9 45.1 54.5 35.8 23.4 35.4

Black .......................................................................................... 27.1 32.3 35.3 24.3 15.7 22.8

Hispanic ..................................................................................... 10.2 9.2 14.8 8.5 4.8 10.2

Asian or Pacific Islander ............................................................ 2.6 2.8 3.4 2.3 1.9 1.6

American Indian or Alaskan Native............................................ 1.0 .8 1.3 .7 1.0 .8

Employees with severe disabilities................................................ 2.3 10.3 3.8 1.2 .8 .8

Table 2.F3.—Number of work years, fiscal years 1991–2000

Year Full-time permanent staff 1

 1 On duty at end of fiscal year; includes seasonal employees.

Total work years 2

 2 Includes full-time, part-time, and temporary employees; employees in special programs; and overtime hours worked.

1991................................................................................................. 63,715 66,040 

1992................................................................................................. 62,398 68,135 

1993................................................................................................. 61,640 66,623 

1994................................................................................................. 62,434 66,741 

19953 ..............................................................................................

 3 Includes 1,055 positions that were transferred from the Department of Health and Human Services to SSA when SSA became an independent agency (under P.L. 103-296, 

effective Mar. 31, 1995).

62,504 67,063 

1996................................................................................................. 62,133 66,726 

1997................................................................................................. 61,224 69,378 

1998................................................................................................. 59,943 67,210 

1999................................................................................................. 59,752 66,459 

2000................................................................................................. 60,434 65,521 
 2.F Administrative Data: Claims Workload

CONTACT: Shirley Hodges (410) 965-0635 for further information.

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 131

Table 2.F4.—Old-Age and Survivors Insurance, fiscal year 2000

 [Numbers in thousands]

Workload

Number of claims

Total Worker

Family

 members and

survivors

Beginning-of-year pending............................................................................ 53.1 23.3 29.8

Received....................................................................................................... 3,356.2 1,869.7 1,486.5

Processed1 ..................................................................................................

 1 See table 6.A1 for data on number of awards.

 Source: Office of Information Management, Office of Systems, District Office Workload Report (DOWR).

3,379.9 1,876.5 1,503.4

End-of-year pending ..................................................................................... 29.3 16.5 12.8

Table 2.F5.—Disability Insurance, fiscal year 2000

 [Numbers in thousands]

Workload

Number of claims

Total Worker

Family

 members and

survivors

Beginning-of-year pending........................................................................... 321.2 307.1 14.1

Received...................................................................................................... 1,595.6 1,376.5 219.1

Processed1 .................................................................................................

 1 See table 6.A1 for data on number of awards.

 Source: Office of Information Management, Office of Systems, DOWR.

1,574.7 1,346.2 228.5

End-of-year pending ..................................................................................... 341.9 337.3 4.6

Table 2.F6.—Supplemental Security Income, fiscal year 2000

 [Numbers in thousands]

Workload

Number of claims

Total Aged Blind/disabled

Beginning-of-year pending............................................................................ 365.7 7.5 358.2

Received...................................................................................................... 1,699.60 153.5 1,546.1

Processed1 ..................................................................................................

 1 See table 7.A8 for data on number of awards.

 Source: Office of Information Management, Office of Systems, DOWR.

1,645.60 153.4 1,492.2

End-of-year pending ..................................................................................... 419.7 7.6 412.1
2.F Administrative Data: Service Delivery 

CONTACT: Janeen Marzoli/Jay Garrett (410) 965-0715/966-1111 for further information.

132 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Table 2.F7.—Accuracy rates and use of 800 telephone number, fiscal years 1995–2000

Item 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000

Accuracy rates (in percents)

OASI payments:

Index of dollar accuracy ................................................................ 99.7 99.8 99.8 99.6 1 (1)

 1 Data not available.

Post-entitlement payment change accuracy 2 ...............................

 2 Represents calendar year data.

98.4 98.0 98.5 3 98.6

 3 Preliminary data.

(1)

Payment review/stewardship results:

Excess payments....................................................................... 99.8 99.9 99.9 99.8 (1)

Underpayments.......................................................................... 99.8 99.9 99.9 99.9 (1)

SSI payments:4

 4 Excludes determinations of disability.

Index of dollar accuracy 5 ..............................................................

 5 Prior to FY 1999, percentages exclude errors of less than $5. Any payments to ineligible beneficiaries are included regardless of the dollar amount of the error.

93.4 93.0 93.9 94.2 (1)

Post-eligibility ................................................................................ (1) (1) (1) (1) (1)

Payment review/stewardship results:

Excess payments....................................................................... 94.5 94.7 93.5 94.3 (1)

Underpayments.......................................................................... 98.8 98.9 98.8 98.3 (1)

Disability Insurance benefits: 6

 6 Represents cases free of decisional and documentation errors.

Initial claims................................................................................... 94.5 94.0 93.7 94.3 94.2

Allowances................................................................................. 96.5 95.9 96.1 96.5 97.0

Denials....................................................................................... 93.6 93.1 92.3 93.0 92.4

Reconsideration ............................................................................ 92.7 92.3 91.6 92.3 92.2

Reversals of denials................................................................... 95.6 94.0 95.6 96.0 96.9

Affirmations of denials................................................................ 92.3 92.0 90.9 91.6 91.3

National 800 number network (1-800-772-1213)

Calls received (number in millions).................................................. 62.5 75.3 78.9 78.7 76.3

Average speed calls answered (in minutes) .................................... 3.0 1.9 2.7 2.0 2.5
 2.F Administrative Data: Hearings and Appeals

CONTACTS: Tables 2.F8, 2.F9, 2.F11, Beverly Nateghi (703) 605-8788

 and table 2.F10, Jack Sacchetti (410) 965-3177 for further information.

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 133

Table 2.F8.—Workload of SSA’s Administrative Law Judges (ALJs),1 fiscal years 1999–2001

 1 Excludes Regional Chief ALJs; based on average number of ALJs available during fiscal year 2000.

Item 1999 2000 20012

 2 Estimated data.

Number of ALJs .................................................................................................................................. 1,107 989 954

Average monthly hearing dispositions per ALJ................................................................................... 38 42 46

Average hearings pending per ALJ..................................................................................................... 289 348 354

Table 2.F9.—Number of hearing receipts, dispositions, and end-of-year pending cases, fiscal years 2000–2001

Program

Hearing receipts Hearing dispositions

End-of-year

pending cases

2000 2001 2000 2001 2000 2001

Total1.............................................................................

 1 Data estimated for 2001.

569,276 557,422 539,426 525,636 346,756 378,542

OASI ...................................................................................... 3,419 3,345 3,220 3,154 2,554 2,745

Disability:

DI......................................................................................... 185,375 181,491 163,856 159,736 110,459 132,214

SSI....................................................................................... 161,844 158,475 154,354 150,384 106,162 114,253

DI/SSI.................................................................................. 140,758 137,850 129,905 126,573 91,673 102,950

Medicare (Parts A and B and adversarial)............................. 77,872 76,255 88,084 85,783 35,904 26,376

Black Lung ............................................................................. 8 6 7 6 4 4

Table 2.F10.—Number of civil litigation cases, fiscal year 2000

Program New cases

Court

decisions1

 1 Includes 5,827 remands that may not be a final court decision.

Affirmations Reversals Dismissals

End-of-year

pending

cases

Total .............................................................................. 14,747 12,173 4,799 746 801 26,366

OASI ...................................................................................... 109 160 67 12 26 244

Disability:

DI......................................................................................... 5,468 4,558 1,847 332 271 9,804

SSI....................................................................................... 4,217 3,191 1,210 157 256 7,199

DI/SSI.................................................................................. 4,922 4,262 1,675 245 246 9,090

SSI nondisability .................................................................... 9 6 0 0 2 29

Black Lung ............................................................................. 0 0 0 0 0 0

Table 2.F11.—Number of SSA Appeals Council cases, fiscal years 1999–2001

Cases 1999 2000 20011

 1 Estimated data.

Beginning-of-year pending........................................................................................................ 120,548 146,564 127,190

Receipts.................................................................................................................................... 115,150 100,950 91,370

Dispositions............................................................................................................................... 91,173 134,191 128,580

End-of-year pending ................................................................................................................. 144,525 113,323 89,980
3.A Social Welfare Expenditures

CONTACT: Martynas Ycas (202) 358-6215 for further information.

134 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Table 3.A1.—Gross domestic product and social welfare expenditures under public programs, fiscal years 1965–1995 1 

 1 Through 1976, fiscal year ended June 30 for federal government, most states, and some localities. Beginning in 1977, federal fiscal year ended Sept. 30.

Item 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 2

 2 Revised data.

1992 2 1993 2 1994 2 1995

Amount (in millions)

Gross domestic product......................... $701,000 $1,023,100 $1,590,800 $2,718,900 $4,108,000 $5,682,900 $6,149,300 $6,476,600 $6,837,100 $7,186,900

Total social welfare expenditures 3 ........

 3 Represents program and administrative expenditures from federal, state and local public revenues and trust funds under public law. Includes workers’ compensation 

and temporary disability insurance payments made through private carriers and self-insurers. Includes capital outlay and some expenditures abroad.

77,084 145,979 288,967 492,213 731,840 1,048,951 1,266,504 1,366,743 1,435,714 1,505,136

Social insurance................................. 28,123 54,691 123,013 229,754 369,595 513,822 618,938 659,210 683,779 705,483

Public aid............................................ 6,283 16,488 41,447 72,703 98,362 146,811 207,953 221,000 238,025 253,530

Health and medical programs ............ 6,155 10,030 16,535 26,762 38,643 61,684 70,143 74,706 80,130 85,507

Veterans’ programs............................ 6,031 9,078 17,019 21,466 27,042 30,916 35,642 36,378 37,895 39,072

Education ........................................... 28,108 50,846 80,834 121,050 172,048 258,332 292,145 331,997 344,091 365,625

Housing.............................................. 318 701 3,172 6,879 12,598 19,468 20,151 20,782 27,032 29,361

Other social welfare ........................... 2,066 4,145 6,947 13,599 13,552 17,918 21,532 22,670 24,762 26,558

All health and medical care 4 .........

 4 Combines “health and medical programs” with medical services provided in connection with social insurance, public aid, veterans’, and “other social welfare” 

categories. 5 Less than 0.05 percent.

Source: Gross domestic product data from Department of Commerce, Survey of Current Business. GDP figures revised in 1996 to reflect changes in the source data. 

Social welfare expenditures data taken or estimated from Federal Budgets, Census of Governments, and reports of administering agencies. See table 3.A3 for components 

of individual categories.

9,302 24,801 51,022 99,145 170,665 274,472 353,174 381,710 408,780 435,075

As percent of gross domestic product

Gross domestic product......................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Total social welfare expenditures........... 11.0 14.3 18.2 18.1 17.8 18.5 20.6 21.1 21.0 20.9

Social insurance................................. 4.0 5.3 7.7 8.5 9.0 9.0 10.1 10.2 10.0 9.8

Public aid............................................ .9 1.6 2.6 2.7 2.4 2.6 3.4 3.4 3.5 3.5

Health and medical programs ............ .9 1.0 1.0 1.0 .9 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.2

Veterans’ programs............................ .9 .9 1.1 .8 .7 .5 .6 .6 .6 .5

Education ........................................... 4.0 5.0 5.1 4.5 4.2 4.5 4.8 5.1 5.0 5.1

Housing.............................................. (5) .1 .2 .3 .3 .3 .3 .3 .4 .4

Other social welfare ........................... .3 .4 .4 .5 .3 .3 .4 .4 .4 .4

All health and medical care ............ 1.3 2.4 3.2 3.6 4.2 4.8 5.7 5.9 6.0 6.1

The series Social Welfare Expenditures Under Public Programs in the United States is undergoing review and revision.

Current data should be available beginning 2002.
3.A Social Welfare Expenditures

CONTACT: Martynas Ycas (202) 358-6215 for further information.

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 135

Table 3.A3.—Social welfare expenditures under public programs, fiscal years 1965–1995 1 

[In millions]

 1 Expenditures from federal, state, and local revenues and trust funds under public law; includes capital outlays and administrative expenditures unless otherwise noted. Includes some 

payments abroad. Through 1976, fiscal year ended June 30 for federal government, most states, and some localities; for federal government, beginning in 1977, fiscal year ends Sept. 30.

Item 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 2

 2 Revised data.

1992 2 1993 2 1994 2 1995

Total .................................................... $77,058.0 $145,979.2 $288,966.0 $492,212.7 $731,840.1 $1,048,950.8 $1,266,502.8 $1,366,743.1 $1,435,714.3 $1,505,136.4

Social insurance ........................................... 28,122.8 54,691.2 123,013.1 229,754.4 369,595.2 513,821.8 618,938.1 659,209.9 683,778.7 705,483.3

OASDHI 3 .................................................

 3 Excludes financial interchange between OASDI and Railroad Retirement.

16,997.5 36,835.4 78,429.9 152,110.4 257,535.1 355,264.5 416,564.0 449,276.8 477,339.7 496,355.8

Health Insurance (Medicare) 4 .............

 4 Hospital Insurance and Supplementary Medical Insurance. Included in total shown directly above.

. . . 7,149.0 14,781.4 34,991.5 71,384.3 109,709.0 132,246.3 148,093.5 161,392.7 164,713.3

Railroad Retirement 3 ............................... 1,128.1 1,609.9 3,085.1 4,768.7 6,275.6 7,229.9 7,737.1 7,920.6 8,025.2 8,106.2

Public employee retirement 5 ...................

 5 Excludes refunds of employee contributions; includes payments to retired military personnel and survivors. Administrative expenses for federal noncontributory retirement not available.

4,528.5 8,658.7 20,118.6 39,490.2 63,044.0 90,391.2 103,698.7 112,559.5 119,253.1 128,001.8

Unemployment insurance and

employment service 6 ...........................

 6 Includes unemployment compensation under state programs, programs for federal military and civilian employees and trade adjustment and cash training allowances, and payments under 

extended, emergency, disaster, and special unemployment insurance programs.

3,002.6 3,819.5 13,835.9 18,326.4 18,343.8 19,973.7 41,166.0 40,720.8 31,251.1 26,302.0

Railroad unemployment insurance........... 76.7 38.5 41.6 155.4 138.4 64.6 67.4 60.3 53.5 48.4

Railroad temporary disability insurance.... 46.5 61.1 32.9 68.7 50.6 40.3 27.5 25.9 29.3 30.0

State temporary disability insurance 7 ......

 7 Cash and medical benefits in five areas; includes private plans where applicable and state costs of administering state plans and supervising private plans. Administrative expenses of 

private plans and all data for Hawaii not available.

483.5 717.7 990.0 1,377.4 1,944.1 3,224.2 4,009.4 3,316.0 3,200.8 3,189.1

Workers’ compensation 8 .........................

 8 Cash and medical benefits paid under federal and state laws by private insurance carriers, state funds, and self-insurers. Beginning in 1959–60, includes Alaska and Hawaii. Administrative 

costs of private carriers and self-insurers not available. Beginning in 1969–70, includes federal “black lung” benefit program.

1,859.4 2,950.4 6,479.1 13,457.2 22,263.6 37,633.4 45,668.0 45,330.0 44,626.0 43,450.0

Public aid...................................................... 6,283.5 16,487.8 41,446.6 72,703.1 98,361.8 146,811.1 207,953.0 220,999.8 238,025.3 253,530.0

Public assistance 9 ...................................

 9 Categorical cash and medical payments under the Social Security Act, and general assistance from state and local funds. Beginning in 1968–69, includes work-incentive activities.

5,874.9 14,433.5 27,409.4 45,064.3 66,170.2 105,093.8 152,018.2 160,625.0 171,755.1 187,219.0

Supplemental Security Income 10 ............

 10 Income-maintenance payments began in Jan. 1974.

. . . . . . 6,091.6 8,226.5 11,840.0 17,230.4 23,423.2 26,506.2 30,085.5 30,138.0

Food Stamps............................................. 35.6 577.0 4,693.9 9,083.3 12,512.7 16,254.5 23,232.9 24,496.7 25,273.6 25,319.0

Other 11 ....................................................

 11 Work relief, other emergency aid, surplus food for the needy, repatriate and refugee assistance, and work-experience training programs. Beginning 1974 includes WIC program. Beginning 

in 1981, includes Low-Income Home Energy Assistance.

373.0 1,477.3 3,251.7 10,329.0 7,838.9 8,232.4 9,278.7 9,371.9 10,911.1 10,854.0

Health and medical programs 12 ..................

 12 Excludes state and local expenditures for domicilliary care in institutions other than mental and tuberculosis, and services in connection with OASDI, state temporary disability insurance, 

workers’ compensation, public assistance, vocational rehabilitation, and veterans’ programs which are included in expenditures for these programs.

6,129.0 10,030.0 16,535.0 26,762.0 38,643.0 61,684.0 70,143.0 74,706.0 80,130.0 85,507.0

Hospital and medical care 13 ....................

 13 Civilian and Department of Defense programs (including medical care provided to military dependents).

3,391.0 5,407.0 8,729.0 12,286.0 16,373.0 25,971.0 28,697.0 30,617.0 31,562.0 31,904.0

Maternal and child health program 14 ......

 14 Includes services for disabled children.

239.0 450.0 567.0 870.0 1,222.0 1,865.0 2,106.0 2,185.0 2,272.0 2,348.0

Medical research ...................................... 1,227.0 1,684.0 2,648.0 4,924.0 6,903.0 10,848.0 12,599.0 12,779.0 13,988.0 14,982.0

School health (education agencies) ......... 140.0 247.0 352.0 575.0 790.0 1,113.0 1,230.0 1,309.0 1,384.0 1,667.0

Other public health activities..................... 614.0 1,312.0 2,727.0 6,484.0 11,223.0 19,354.0 22,976.0 24,772.0 27,685.0 30,808.0

Medical facilities construction................... 518.0 930.0 1,512.0 1,623.0 2,132.0 2,533.0 2,535.0 3,044.0 3,239.0 3,798.0

Veterans’ programs ...................................... 6,031.1 9,078.1 17,018.9 21,465.5 27,042.3 30,916.2 35,642.0 36,378.3 37,894.8 39,072.0

Pensions and compensation 15 ................

 15 Includes burial awards. Beginning in 1964–65, includes special allowances for survivors of veterans who did not qualify under OASDI. Beginning in 1973–74, subsistence payments to 

disabled veterans undergoing training shifted from the pensions and compensation to the education subgroup.

4,141.4 5,393.8 7,578.5 11,306.0 14,333.0 15,792.6 16,539.3 17,205.2 17,481.0 18,070.4

Health and medical programs................... 1,228.7 1,784.1 3,516.8 6,203.9 9,493.2 12,004.1 15,442.0 15,410.5 16,231.4 16,654.4

Education.................................................. 40.9 1,018.5 4,433.8 2,400.7 1,170.8 522.8 772.0 937.7 1,098.3 1,118.2

Life insurance 16 ......................................

 16 Excludes the service persons’ group life insurance program.

434.3 502.3 556.1 664.5 795.5 1,037.8 1,113.7 904.7 971.5 946.3

Welfare and other ..................................... 185.8 379.4 933.7 890.4 1,249.8 1,558.9 1,775.0 1,920.2 2,112.6 2,282.7

Education...................................................... 28,107.8 50,845.5 80,834.1 121,049.6 172,047.5 258,331.6 292,144.6 331,996.8 344,091.0 365,625.3

Housing ........................................................ 318.1 701.2 3,171.7 6,879.0 12,598.5 19,468.5 20,150.6 20,782.3 27,032.0 29,361.1

Other social welfare...................................... 2,065.7 4,145.4 6,946.6 13,599.1 13,551.8 17,917.6 21,531.5 22,670.0 24,762.5 26,557.7

Vocational rehabilitation 17 .......................

 17 Beginning in 1973–74, excludes administrative expenses.

210.5 703.8 1,036.4 1,251.1 1,536.7 2,126.6 2,446.8 2,379.1 2,560.1 2,630.3

Institutional care 18 ...................................

 18 Federal expenditures represent primarily surplus food for institutions.

789.5 201.8 296.1 482.4 379.6 629.4 684.4 721.5 783.1 874.0

Child nutrition programs 19 .......................

 19 Surplus food for schools and programs under National School Lunch and Child Nutrition Acts.

617.4 896.0 2,517.6 4,852.3 5,308.5 7,165.4 8,775.8 9,392.4 10,099.1 10,653.4

Child welfare 20 ........................................

 20 Represents primarily child welfare services under the Social Security Act. Beginning in 1968–69, excludes administrative expenses.

354.3 585.4 597.0 800.0 200.0 252.6 273.9 294.6 294.6 292.0

Special OEO and ACTION programs 21 ..

 21 Includes domestic programs consolidated in 1971–72 under ACTION and special Office of Economic Opportunity programs. Beginning 1988, represents ACTION funds only.

51.7 752.8 638.3 2,302.7 503.8 169.4 193.8 208.3 204.4 222.0

Social welfare, not elsewhere

classified 22 ..........................................

 22 Federal expenditures include administrative and related expenses of the Secretary of Health and Human Services; Indian welfare and guidance, aging and juvenile delinquency, and 

certain manpower and human development activities. State and local expenditures include amounts for antipoverty and manpower programs, day care, child placement and adoption services, 

foster care, legal assistance, care of transients, and other unspecified welfare services; before 1969–70, these amounts were included with institutional care.

Source: Data taken or estimated from Federal Budgets, Census of Governments, and reports of administrative agencies. 

42.3 1,005.6 1,861.2 3,910.6 5,623.2 7,574.2 9,156.8 9,674.1 10,821.2 11,886.0

The series Social Welfare Expenditures Under Public Programs in the United States is undergoing review and revision.

Current data should be available beginning 2002.
3.A Social Welfare Expenditures

CONTACT: Martynas Ycas (202) 358-6215 for further information.

136 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Table 3.A4.—Private social welfare expenditures, by category and as a percent of gross domestic product (GDP), 

1980–1994

[In millions]

Category 1980 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994

Private social welfare expenditures .................... $251,938 $549,423 $606,377 $676,424 $729,989 $774,096 $840,192 $887,555 $924,994

Health 1 ...........................................................

 1 Includes program administration and net cost of health insurance, research, and construction of medical facilities.

142,463 292,965 333,128 369,844 413,145 440,978 477,024 505,086 528,600

Personal health care.................................... 130,026 273,030 307,110 336,005 373,691 399,617 431,456 452,346 469,900

Income maintenance....................................... 53,519 143,359 148,533 166,885 164,397 170,307 186,655 194,119 204,736

Private pension payments ........................... 37,560 120,442 124,546 140,911 137,739 142,924 158,487 165,097 174,452

Life insurance .............................................. 5,075 8,166 8,418 9,063 9,278 9,472 9,866 10,276 11,229

Short-term sickness and disability benefits . 8,630 11,822 12,789 13,616 13,680 13,787 14,566 15,389 15,901

Long-term disability ..................................... 1,282 2,293 2,295 2,892 2,926 3,172 3,143 2,900 2,895

Supplemental unemployment...................... 972 636 485 403 774 952 593 457 259

Education 2 .....................................................

 2 Includes construction.

33,180 65,498 72,137 80,383 87,864 93,813 100,491 107,451 105,361

Welfare and other services.............................. 22,776 47,601 52,579 59,312 64,583 68,998 76,022 80,899 86,297

Social welfare expenditures as a percent 

of GDP:

Total 3 .............................................................

 3 Represents sum of public and private expenditures as a percent of GDP, after adjustment for elimination of overlap. The overlap occurs when payments received 

under public or private income-maintenance programs are used to purchase medical care, educational services, or residential care.

27.4 29.1 29.2 29.6 31.3 32.9 34.3 34.8 34.5

Public 4 ...........................................................

 4 Represents fiscal year expenditures as a percent of federal fiscal year GDP.

18.6 18.7 18.5 18.5 18.5 19.8 20.6 21.1 21.8

Private 5 ..........................................................

 5 Represents calendar year expenditures as a percent of calendar year GDP.

9.3 11.7 12.0 12.4 12.8 13.2 13.6 13.7 13.5

The series Social Welfare Expenditures Under Private Programs in the United States is undergoing review and revision.

Current data should be available beginning 2002.
3.B Employment and Earnings

CONTACT: Greg Diez (410) 965-0153 for further information.

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 137

Table 3.B3.—Federal minimum wage rates under the Fair Labor Standards Act and average hourly earnings and average 

weekly hours for production workers in manufacturing, 1938–2000

Effective date

Minimum hourly wage for workers

in jobs first covered by—

Average for production workers

in manufacturing 1 

 1 For year in which minimum wage rate changes were effective.

1938 Act 2

 2 The 1938 Act was applicable generally to employees engaged in interstate commerce or in the production of goods for interstate commerce.

1961

amendments 3

 3 The 1961 amendments extended coverage primarily to employees in large retail and service trades as well as local transit, construction, and gasoline service station 

employees.

1966 and subsequent

amendments 4 

 4 The 1966 amendments extended coverage to state and local government employees of hospitals, nursing homes, and schools, and to employees of laundries, dry 

cleaners, large hotels and motels, restaurants, and farms. Subsequent amendments extended coverage to the remaining federal, state, and local employees not protected 

in 1966, to certain workers in retail and service trades previously exempted, and to certain domestic workers in private household employment.

Gross hourly

earnings

Weekly

Nonfarm Farm hours

October 24:

1938 ................................................................................................. $0.25 . . . . . . . . . $0.62 35.6

1939 ................................................................................................. .30 . . . . . . . . . .63 37.7

1945 ................................................................................................. .40 . . . . . . . . . 1.02 43.5

January 25, 1950 ................................................................................. .75 . . . . . . . . . 1.44 40.5

March 1, 1956...................................................................................... 1.00 . . . . . . . . . 1.95 40.4

September 3:

1961 ................................................................................................. 1.15 $1.00 . . . . . . 2.32 39.8

1963 ................................................................................................. 1.25 1.00 . . . . . . 2.46 40.5

1964 ................................................................................................. 1.25 1.15 . . . . . . 2.53 40.7

1965 ................................................................................................. 1.25 1.25 . . . . . . 2.61 41.2

February 1:

1967 ................................................................................................. 1.40 1.40 $1.00 $1.00 2.83 40.6

1968 ................................................................................................. 1.60 1.60 1.15 1.15 3.01 40.7

1969 ................................................................................................. 1.60 1.60 1.30 1.30 3.19 40.6

1970 ................................................................................................. 1.60 1.60 1.45 1.30 3.36 39.8

1971 ................................................................................................. 1.60 1.60 1.60 1.30 3.57 39.9

May 1, 1974 ......................................................................................... 2.00 2.00 1.90 1.60 4.42 40.0

January 1:

1975 ................................................................................................. 2.10 2.10 2.00 1.80 4.83 39.5

1976 ................................................................................................. 2.30 2.30 2.20 2.00 5.22 40.1

1977 ................................................................................................. 2.30 2.30 2.30 2.20 5.68 40.3

1978 ................................................................................................. 2.65 2.65 2.65 2.65 6.17 40.4

1979 ................................................................................................. 2.90 2.90 2.90 2.90 6.70 40.2

1980 ................................................................................................. 3.10 3.10 3.10 3.10 7.27 39.7

1981 ................................................................................................. 3.35 3.35 3.35 3.35 7.99 39.8

1982 ................................................................................................. 3.35 3.35 3.35 3.35 8.49 38.9

1983 ................................................................................................. 3.35 3.35 3.35 3.35 8.83 40.1

1984 ................................................................................................. 3.35 3.35 3.35 3.35 9.19 40.7

1985 ................................................................................................. 3.35 3.35 3.35 3.35 9.54 40.5

1986 ................................................................................................. 3.35 3.35 3.35 3.35 9.73 40.7

1987 ................................................................................................. 3.35 3.35 3.35 3.35 9.91 41.0

1988 ................................................................................................. 3.35 3.35 3.35 3.35 10.19 41.1

1989 ................................................................................................. 3.35 3.35 3.35 3.35 10.48 41.0

April 1:

1990 5 ..............................................................................................

 5 A training wage may be paid for a period of 90 days to an employee who has not attained age 20. The training wage was $3.35 per hour effective Apr. 1, 1990 and 

$3.61 per hour effective Apr. 1, 1991, through Mar. 31, 1993. Effective Oct. 1, 1996, the training wage is $4.25 per hour.

3.80 3.80 3.80 3.80 10.83 40.8

1991 5............................................................................................... 4.25 4.25 4.25 4.25 11.18 40.7

1992 5............................................................................................... 4.25 4.25 4.25 4.25 11.46 41.0

1993 5............................................................................................... 4.25 4.25 4.25 4.25 11.74 41.4

1994 ................................................................................................. 4.25 4.25 4.25 4.25 12.07 42.0

1995 ................................................................................................. 4.25 4.25 4.25 4.25 12.37 41.6

October 1, 1996 5................................................................................. 4.75 4.75 4.75 4.75 12.77 41.6

September 1, 1997 5............................................................................ 5.15 5.15 5.15 5.15 13.17 42.0

1998 5............................................................................................... 5.15 5.15 5.15 5.15 13.49 41.7

1999 5............................................................................................... 5.15 5.15 5.15 5.15 13.91 41.7

2000 5............................................................................................... 5.15 5.15 5.15 5.15 14.38 41.6
3.C Interprogram Data

CONTACT: Jeff Kunkel/Martynas Ycas (410) 965-3013/(202) 358-6215 for further information.

138 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Table 3.C3.—Selected social insurance programs: Source of funds from contributions, 1965–2000

[In millions]

Program and source 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000

Social Security Trust Funds:

Old-Age and Survivors 

Insurance1......................

 1 For OASDI–HI contribution rates and wage base, see table 2.A3. Beginning in 1952 (1959 for DI, 1968 for HI) employer and employee contributions differ by estimated 

amount of refunds of employee tax overpayments and, beginning in 1966, by employee tax on tips. For SMI premium rates, see table 2.C1.

$16,017 $30,257 $56,815 $103,456 $178,010 $270,507 $309,906 $327,764 $357,104 $380,113 $407,023 $432,977

Employer .......................... 7,618 14,489 27,184 49,731 83,682 125,272 143,978 153,388 165,563 176,564 188,461 200,431

Employee.......................... 7,440 14,204 26,947 49,436 83,400 124,481 143,335 152,628 164,667 174,786 187,160 198,736

Self-employed................... 959 1,564 2,684 4,289 7,720 15,906 17,103 15,277 19,448 19,614 20,503 22,216

Taxation of benefits........... . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,208 4,848 5,490 6,471 7,426 9,149 10,899 11,594

Disability Insurance 1 ........... 1,188 4,481 7,444 13,255 17,204 28,498 54,695 57,651 56,473 59,485 63,827 71,813

Employer .......................... 564 2,154 3,562 6,307 8,119 13,414 25,665 27,299 26,437 28,064 29,936 33,971

Employee.......................... 551 2,117 3,530 6,254 8,087 13,338 25,545 27,160 26,279 27,772 29,730 33,701

Self-employed................... 73 210 352 694 776 1,602 3,144 2,819 3,287 3,091 3,500 3,420

Taxation of benefits........... . . . . . . . . . . . . 222 144 341 373 470 558 661 721

Medicare Trust Funds:

Hospital Insurance 1 ............. . . . 4,880 11,510 23,866 47,173 71,753 103,301 115,853 119,546 130,700 140,306 154,520

Employer .......................... . . . 2,379 5,578 11,591 22,613 33,850 45,839 52,414 53,345 57,849 61,826 67,526

Employee.......................... . . . 2,332 5,530 11,518 22,549 33,635 45,852 52,419 53,348 57,849 61,826 67,526

Self-employed................... . . . 169 395 739 1,970 4,146 6,743 5,752 7,976 8,619 8,655 9,299

Voluntarily insured2 ..........

 2 Beginning in July 1973, aged ineligibles may voluntarily enroll for HI.

. . . . . . 7 18 41 122 954 1,199 1,319 1,316 1,447 1,382

Taxation of benefits........... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,913 4,069 3,558 5,067 6,552 8,787

Supplementary Medical 

Insurance 1,3 ..................

 3 Includes premiums paid on behalf of eligibles by state governments under “buy-in” arrangements.

. . . 1,096 1,917 3,011 5,613 11,319 19,717 18,763 19,289 20,932 18,966 20,556

Aged ................................. . . . 1,096 1,759 2,707 5,105 10,311 17,651 16,654 17,079 18,594 16,604 17,892

Disabled............................ . . . . . . 158 304 508 1,008 2,066 2,109 2,210 2,338 2,362 2,664

Railroad Retirement 4...............

 4 Beginning in 1966, excludes HI contributions and includes employer contributions to supplemental benefit account.

647 968 1,506 2,630 4,626 4,316 4,032 4,261 4,273 (5)

 5 Data not available.

(5) (5)

Employer.............................. 315 510 1,146 1,722 2,417 2,512 2,592 2,664 2,707 (5) (5) (5)

Employee ............................. 315 439 356 594 1,110 1,209 1,265 1,316 1,355 (5) (5) (5)

Self-employed ...................... 17 19 4 313 1,099 595 175 281 211 (5) (5) (5)

Federal Civil Service6..............

 6 Employer share represents federal and District of Columbia government contributions; employee share includes voluntary contributions to purchase additional annuity. 

Beginning in 1980, estimated by the Social Security Administration from fiscal year data.

2,197 3,870 9,507 19,986 27,160 31,869 37,628 38,097 39,745 (5) (5) (5)

Employer.............................. 1,123 2,001 6,905 16,220 22,472 27,368 33,174 33,720 35,376 (5) (5) (5)

Employee ............................. 1,073 1,869 2,600 3,766 4,688 4,501 4,454 4,377 4,369 (5) (5) (5)

State and local government 7 ...

 7 Estimated by Social Security Administration from U.S. Census Bureau fiscal year data. Employer share represents government contribution.

4,225 7,895 14,560 25,654 37,455 41,700 59,611 60,898 (5) (5) (5) (5)

Employer.............................. 2,525 4,920 9,880 18,776 27,699 29,300 41,011 41,528 (5) (5) (5) (5)

Employee ............................. 1,700 2,975 4,680 6,878 9,756 12,400 18,600 19,370 (5) (5) (5) (5)
3.C Interprogram Data

CONTACT: Stella M. Coleman (410) 965-0157 for further information.

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 139

Table 3.C4.—Social Security and selected public assistance programs: Average monthly amount in current and 2000 

dollars, 1950–2000

Period

Consumer

Price

Index,

all items 1

(1982-84 = 100)

 1 Data from Bureau of Labor Statistics, consumer price index for all urban consumers (CPI-U).

Average monthly Social Security benefit

in current-payment status

Average monthly amount

per recipient under—

Retired workers

Widowed mother or father

and 2 children

Old-Age Assistance/

Supplemental Security Income 2

 2 Beginning in 1974, represents payments to the aged under the SSI program.

Temporary Assistance

for Needy Families 3

 3 Effective July 1, 1997, the Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) block grant program replaced the Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC) 

program. Beginning in 1997, payments include services.

Current

dollars

2000

dollars

Current

dollars

2000

dollars

Current

dollars

2000

dollars

Current

dollars

2000

dollars

December:

1950 ....................... 25.0 $43.86 $305.27 $93.90 $653.54 $43.05 $299.63 $20.85 $145.12

1951 ....................... 26.5 42.14 276.69 93.80 615.89 44.55 292.52 22.00 144.45

1952 ....................... 26.7 49.25 320.96 106.00 690.79 48.80 318.02 23.45 152.82

1953 ....................... 26.9 51.10 330.54 111.90 723.81 48.90 316.30 23.20 150.07

1954 ....................... 26.7 59.14 385.41 130.50 850.45 48.70 317.37 23.25 151.52

1955 ....................... 26.8 61.90 401.89 135.40 879.09 50.05 324.95 23.50 152.57

1956 ....................... 27.6 63.09 397.74 141.00 888.91 53.25 335.71 24.80 156.35

1957 ....................... 28.4 64.58 395.67 146.30 896.35 55.50 340.04 25.40 155.62

1958 ....................... 28.9 66.35 399.48 151.70 913.35 56.95 342.88 26.65 160.45

1959 ....................... 29.4 72.78 430.74 170.70 1010.27 56.70 335.57 27.30 161.57

1960 ....................... 29.8 74.04 432.31 188.00 1,097.72 58.90 343.91 28.35 165.53

1961 ....................... 30.0 75.65 438.77 189.30 1,097.94 57.60 334.08 29.45 170.81

1962 ....................... 30.4 76.19 436.09 190.70 1,091.51 61.55 352.29 29.30 167.70

1963 ....................... 30.9 76.88 432.92 192.50 1,083.98 62.80 353.63 29.70 167.24

1964 ....................... 31.2 77.57 432.60 193.40 1,078.58 63.65 354.97 31.50 175.67

1965 ....................... 31.8 83.92 459.18 219.80 1,202.68 63.10 345.26 32.85 179.75

1966 ....................... 32.9 84.35 446.11 221.90 1,173.57 68.05 359.90 36.25 191.72

1967 ....................... 33.9 85.37 438.18 224.40 1,151.79 70.15 360.06 39.50 202.74

1968 ....................... 35.5 98.86 484.55 257.10 1,260.15 69.55 340.89 44.75 219.34

1969 ....................... 37.7 100.40 463.38 255.80 1,180.62 73.90 341.08 45.15 208.38

1970 ....................... 39.8 118.10 516.32 291.10 1,272.65 77.65 339.47 50.30 219.90

1971 ....................... 41.1 132.17 559.55 320.00 1,354.74 77.50 328.10 52.30 221.42

1972 ....................... 42.5 162.35 664.68 383.10 1,568.46 79.95 327.32 54.10 221.49

1973 ....................... 46.2 166.42 626.78 391.00 1,472.60 76.15 286.80 56.95 214.49

1974 ....................... 51.9 188.21 630.99 438.40 1,469.78 91.06 305.29 63.37 212.45

1975 ....................... 55.5 207.18 649.54 468.60 1,469.12 90.93 285.08 69.69 218.49

1976 ....................... 58.2 224.86 672.26 503.40 1,505.01 94.37 282.14 75.20 224.82

1977 ....................... 62.1 243.00 680.87 546.60 1,531.54 96.62 270.72 80.08 224.38

1978 ....................... 67.7 263.20 676.47 591.90 1,521.28 100.43 258.12 83.60 214.87

1979 ....................... 76.7 294.30 667.64 655.00 1,485.92 122.67 278.29 90.34 204.94

1980 ....................... 86.3 341.40 688.34 759.20 1,530.72 128.20 258.48 97.10 195.78

1981 ....................... 94.0 385.97 714.46 858.00 1,588.21 137.81 255.10 103.15 190.94

1982 ....................... 97.6 419.30 747.52 885.50 1,578.66 145.69 259.73 106.33 189.56

1983 ....................... 101.3 440.77 757.10 923.00 1,585.41 157.89 271.20 109.93 188.82

1984 ....................... 105.3 460.57 761.06 948.30 1,566.99 157.88 260.88 114.72 189.57

1985 ....................... 109.3 478.62 761.94 981.50 1,562.50 164.26 261.49 118.17 188.12

1986 ....................... 110.5 488.44 769.13 994.00 1,565.21 173.66 273.46 122.09 192.25

1987 ....................... 115.4 512.65 772.97 1,032.30 1,556.50 180.64 272.37 125.19 188.76

1988 ....................... 120.5 536.77 775.09 1,070.40 1,545.64 188.23 271.80 130.30 188.15

1989 ....................... 126.1 566.85 782.17 1,120.04 1,545.50 198.81 274.33 131.89 181.99

1990 ....................... 133.8 602.56 783.60 1,177.70 1,531.54 212.66 276.55 135.96 176.81

1991 ....................... 137.9 629.32 794.07 1,216.76 1,535.29 221.30 279.23 134.98 170.32

1992 ....................... 141.9 652.64 800.28 1,252.40 1,535.71 227.39 278.83 132.92 162.99

1993 ....................... 145.8 674.06 804.43 1,282.60 1,530.67 236.52 282.27 132.87 158.57

1994 ....................... 149.7 697.34 810.54 1,328.40 1,544.03 242.54 281.91 133.71 155.41

1995 ....................... 153.5 719.80 815.93 1,365.50 1,547.86 250.65 284.12 134.35 152.29

1996 ....................... 158.6 744.96 817.30 1,450.60 1,591.45 260.75 286.07 133.53 146.50

1997 ....................... 161.3 774.84 835.85 1,502.60 1,620.91 268.46 289.60 170.71 184.15

1998 ....................... 163.9 779.69 827.74 1,537.70 1,632.46 277.45 294.55 197.80 209.99

1999 ....................... 168.3 804.30 831.54 1,590.40 1,644.26 289.19 298.98 236.16 244.16

2000 ....................... 174.0 844.48 844.48 1,675.40 1,675.40 299.69 299.69 4 147.78

 4 Preliminary data. 

147.78
3.C Interprogram Data

CONTACT: Stella M. Coleman/Rona Blumenthal (410) 965-0157/0163 for further information.

140 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Table 3.C5.—Population aged 65 or older receiving Social Security (OASDI) benefits, Supplemental Security Income (SSI) 

payments, or both 1940–2000, ranked by state, December 2000 1 

 1 Population data for 2000 on which ratios are based furnished by the U.S. Census Bureau.

Year and state

Population aged 65 or older receiving—

Persons receiving both OASDI 

and SSI as a percent of—

OASDI SSI 2 

 2 For 1940–1973, data refer to Old-Age Assistance program. Beginning January 1974, the Supplemental Security Income program superseded the Old-Age Assistance 

program in the 50 states and the District of Columbia.

OASDI and

SSI,

number

per 1,000

OASDI or SSI

or both,

number

per 1,000

OASDI

beneficiaries

SSI

recipients

Number

per 1,000 State rank

Number

per 1,000 State rank

1940.............................................. 7 . . . 217 . . . 1 223 14.3 0.5

1945.............................................. 62 . . . 194 . . . 5 251 8.1 2.6

1950.............................................. 164 . . . 224 . . . 22 366 12.6 9.8

1955.............................................. 394 . . . 179 . . . 34 539 8.6 19.2

1960.............................................. 616 . . . 141 . . . 41 716 6.6 28.5

1965.............................................. 752 . . . 117 . . . 52 817 7.0 44.7

1970.............................................. 855 . . . 104 . . . 63 896 7.4 60.4

1975.............................................. 904 . . . 111 . . . 78 939 8.6 69.5

1980.............................................. 914 . . . 87 . . . 61 941 6.7 70.2

1985.............................................. 917 . . . 71 . . . 51 937 5.5 71.1

1990.............................................. 924 . . . 66 . . . 46 944 4.9 69.2

1995.............................................. 913 . . . 63 . . . 39 937 4.3 62.6

1996.............................................. 907 . . . 61 . . . 38 931 4.2 61.7

1997.............................................. 913 . . . 60 . . . 37 955 4.0 61.4

1998.............................................. 906 . . . 59 . . . 36 929 3.9 60.5

1999.............................................. 908 . . . 58 . . . 35 927 3.8 59.7

2000.............................................. 911 . . . 57 . . . 34 934 3.7 59.1

Alabama........................................ 922 30 77 6 62 937 6.7 80.3

Alaska ........................................... 917 35 58 15 26 949 2.8 44.8

Arizona.......................................... 845 50 32 32 19 858 2.3 60.2

Arkansas....................................... 916 37 65 11 54 926 5.9 83.3

California....................................... 865 48 132 1 64 933 7.4 48.6

Colorado ....................................... 917 34 33 29 20 931 2.2 59.8

Connecticut................................... 951 7 26 37 12 964 1.3 47.4

Delaware....................................... 947 11 24 42 16 954 1.7 67.0

District of Columbia....................... 792 51 72 9 44 820 5.6 61.5

Florida........................................... 851 49 47 21 24 874 2.9 52.1

Georgia ......................................... 915 38 75 7 55 934 6.0 74.1

Hawaii ........................................... 888 46 55 17 22 921 2.5 40.3

Idaho............................................. 954 6 21 44 16 958 1.7 77.2

Illinois............................................ 915 39 38 25 17 936 1.8 43.4

Indiana .......................................... 948 9 18 47 13 953 1.3 70.7

Iowa .............................................. 949 8 18 49 13 953 1.3 72.3

Kansas.......................................... 931 24 19 45 13 938 1.3 65.3

Kentucky ....................................... 919 32 74 8 55 938 6.0 75.1

Louisiana....................................... 896 43 84 4 62 917 6.9 74.0

Maine ............................................ 947 10 33 30 27 953 2.9 82.8

Maryland ....................................... 887 47 41 24 20 908 2.3 49.6

Massachusetts.............................. 923 29 58 16 34 946 3.7 58.8

Michigan........................................ 962 2 31 34 19 974 1.9 60.8

Minnesota ..................................... 938 14 26 38 14 950 1.5 53.6

Mississippi..................................... 912 40 114 2 92 934 10.1 80.6

Missouri......................................... 933 23 31 33 23 941 2.4 73.1

Montana........................................ 926 26 21 43 16 931 1.7 76.5

Nebraska....................................... 938 15 18 48 13 943 1.4 70.9

Nevada.......................................... 921 31 33 31 19 934 2.1 59.6

New Hampshire ............................ 980 1 13 51 9 984 0.9 69.4

New Jersey ................................... 926 25 45 22 21 950 2.3 46.6

New Mexico .................................. 888 45 70 10 49 909 5.5 69.2

New York....................................... 894 44 89 3 42 941 4.7 47.0

North Carolina............................... 942 13 60 14 47 955 5.0 79.0

North Dakota................................. 937 16 24 40 18 943 1.9 74.7

Ohio .............................................. 937 18 24 39 15 946 1.6 61.2

Oklahoma...................................... 925 27 41 23 31 936 3.3 73.9

Oregon.......................................... 960 4 26 36 15 971 1.6 58.5

Pennsylvania................................. 933 22 34 28 21 945 2.3 63.2

Rhode Island................................. 937 17 50 18 32 955 3.4 64.1

South Carolina .............................. 923 28 63 12 49 936 5.3 78.7

South Dakota ................................ 946 12 31 35 22 955 2.3 70.4

Tennessee..................................... 935 21 61 13 47 949 5.0 76.8

Texas............................................. 899 42 78 5 54 923 6.0 69.1

Utah .............................................. 917 36 19 46 10 926 1.0 50.8

Vermont......................................... 936 19 38 26 32 943 3.4 83.4

Virginia.......................................... 907 41 49 19 32 925 3.5 64.4

Washington ................................... 936 20 36 27 15 956 1.6 42.1

West Virginia................................. 919 33 47 20 33 933 3.6 70.2

Wisconsin...................................... 961 3 24 41 16 969 1.7 66.8

Wyoming....................................... 954 5 16 50 13 957 1.3 78.5
3.C Interprogram Data

CONTACT: Lenna D. Kennedy (410) 965-9846 for further information.

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 141

Table 3.C6.—Number and percent of OASDI beneficiaries also receiving federally administered SSI payments, by SSI 

category and type of OASDI benefit, December 2000

[Based on 10-percent sample]

Type of benefit

All

OASDI

 beneficiaries 1

 1 Excludes 70 special age-72 beneficiaries.

OASDI beneficiaries with SSI

Number Percent of all OASDI beneficiaries

Total Aged

Blind and

disabled Total Aged

Blind and

disabled

Total ........................................................................ 45,417,400 2,386,850 751,740 1,635,110 5.3 1.7 3.6

Retirement ......................................................................... 31,761,120 1,063,080 588,540 474,540 3.3 1.9 1.5

Workers aged 65 or older............................................... 25,952,920 793,180 526,810 266,370 3.1 2.0 1.0

Men............................................................................. 13,441,700 299,600 191,920 107,680 2.2 1.4 .8

Women ....................................................................... 12,511,220 493,580 334,890 158,690 3.9 2.7 1.3

Workers aged 62–64...................................................... 2,553,070 37,550 ... 37,550 1.5 ... 1.5

Men............................................................................. 1,330,230 23,110 ... 23,110 1.7 ... 1.7

Women ....................................................................... 1,222,840 14,440 ... 14,440 1.2 ... 1.2

Wives and husbands ..................................................... 2,797,170 128,950 61,700 67,250 4.6 2.2 2.4

Aged 65 or older......................................................... 2,432,150 115,900 61,700 54,200 4.8 2.5 2.2

Aged 62–64 ................................................................ 316,600 11,710 ... 11,710 3.7 ... 3.7

Under age 62 with children......................................... 48,420 1,340 ... 1,340 2.8 ... 2.8

Disabled adult children................................................... 191,950 99,470 30 99,440 51.8 ... 51.8

Aged 65 or older......................................................... 990 400 30 370 40.4 3.0 37.4

Aged 18–64 ................................................................ 190,960 99,070 ... 99,070 51.9 ... 51.9

Children under age 18 and students aged 18–19 .......... 266,010 3,930 ... 3,930 1.5 ... 1.5

Disability............................................................................. 6,675,280 833,150 1,140 832,010 12.5 ... 12.5

Workers under age 65.................................................... 5,035,840 742,080 ... 742,080 14.7 ... 14.7

Men............................................................................. 2,856,870 333,950 ... 333,950 11.7 ... 11.7

Women ....................................................................... 2,178,970 408,130 ... 408,130 18.7 ... 18.7

Wives and husbands ..................................................... 164,850 11,230 1,140 10,090 6.8 .7 6.1

Aged 65 or older......................................................... 22,420 3,330 1,140 2,190 14.9 5.1 9.8

Aged 62–64 ................................................................ 29,820 1,640 ... 1,640 5.5 ... 5.5

Under age 62 with children......................................... 112,610 6,260 ... 6,260 5.6 ... 5.6

Disabled adult children aged 18–64............................... 58,090 39,910 ... 39,910 68.7 ... 68.7

Children under age 18 and students aged 18–19 .......... 1,416,500 39,930 ... 39,930 2.8 ... 2.8

Survivors............................................................................ 6,981,000 490,620 162,060 328,560 7.0 2.3 4.7

Nondisabled widows and widowers ............................... 4,698,660 268,430 158,900 109,530 5.7 3.4 2.3

Aged 65 or older......................................................... 4,236,540 259,690 158,900 100,790 6.1 3.8 2.4

Aged 60–64 ................................................................ 462,120 8,740 ... 8,740 1.9 ... 1.9

Disabled widows and widowers ..................................... 200,130 38,850 ... 38,850 19.4 ... 19.4

Widowed mothers and fathers ....................................... 201,270 5,570 20 5,550 2.8 ... 2.8

Parents........................................................................... 3,000 240 220 20 8.0 7.3 .7

Disabled adult children................................................... 483,570 157,430 2,920 154,510 32.6 .6 32.0

Aged 65 or older......................................................... 62,740 21,450 2,920 18,530 34.2 4.7 29.5

Aged 18–64 ................................................................ 420,830 135,980 ... 135,980 32.3 ... 32.3

Children under age 18 and students aged 18–19 .......... 1,394,370 20,100 ... 20,100 1.4 ... 1.4
3.C Interprogram Data

CONTACT: Joseph Bondar/Arthur Kahn (410) 965-0162/0186 for further information.

142 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Table 3.C6.1.—Number of persons aged 18–64 receiving Social Security (OASDI) benefits or federally administered SSI 

payments based on disability, by type of benefit, 1978–2000

December

Unduplicated

total 1

 1 Includes persons receiving OASDI, SSI, or both.

OASDI beneficiaries Blind or disabled SSI recipients

Total

Disabled

workers

Disabled

adult children,

under age 65

Disabled

widows and

widowers Total

Persons with—

SSI only

Both SSI

and OASDI

1978.............................................. 4,676,450 3,415,469 2,879,774 405,944 129,751 1,747,126 2 1,260,981

 2 The number of OASDI disabled adult child beneficiaries aged 18–64 also receiving SSI was estimated based on the number of such beneficiaries aged 18 or older for 

the same year and on the comparative size of the two groups at the end of 1988.

486,145

1979.............................................. 4,662,528 3,419,624 2,870,590 419,201 129,833 1,726,553 2 1,242,904 483,649

1980.............................................. 4,662,546 3,418,434 2,858,680 432,174 127,580 1,730,847 2 1,244,112 486,735

1981.............................................. 4,570,071 3,340,701 2,776,519 442,592 121,590 1,702,895 2 1,229,370 473,525

1982.............................................. 4,366,314 3,169,449 2,603,599 449,478 116,372 1,655,279 2 1,196,865 458,414

1983.............................................. 4,367,241 3,143,111 2,569,029 462,491 111,591 1,699,774 2 1,224,130 475,644

1984.............................................. 4,460,188 3,183,618 2,596,516 477,951 109,151 1,780,459 2 1,276,570 503,889

1985.............................................. 4,591,316 3,258,200 2,656,638 494,557 107,005 1,879,168 2 1,333,116 546,052

1986.............................................. 4,812,143 3,346,603 2,728,463 511,166 106,974 2,010,458 2 1,465,540 544,918

1987.............................................. 4,904,785 3,416,529 2,785,859 524,388 106,282 2,118,710 2 1,488,256 630,454

1988.............................................. 5,012,435 3,468,186 2,830,284 534,779 103,123 2,202,714 1,544,249 658,465

1989.............................................. 5,155,787 3,540,480 2,895,364 543,486 101,630 2,301,926 3 1,615,307

 3 December data for OASDI disabled beneficiaries also receiving SSI not available. Instead the average of the September 1989 and March 1990 numbers was used.

686,619

1990.............................................. 5,395,261 3,667,721 3,011,294 555,438 100,989 2,449,897 1,727,540 722,357

1991.............................................. 5,743,614 3,877,804 3,194,938 568,377 114,489 2,641,524 1,865,810 775,714

1992.............................................. 6,249,217 4,185,714 3,467,783 586,607 131,324 2,909,997 2,063,503 846,494

1993.............................................. 6,707,127 4,476,648 3,725,966 603,667 147,015 3,148,413 2,230,479 917,934

1994.............................................. 7,103,399 4,741,348 3,962,954 617,718 160,676 3,335,255 2,362,051 973,204

1995.............................................. 7,398,942 4,987,004 4,185,263 628,717 173,024 3,482,256 2,411,938 1,070,318

1996.............................................. 7,691,134 5,205,071 4,385,623 637,537 181,911 3,568,393 2,486,063 1,082,330

1997.............................................. 7,818,216 5,340,082 4,508,134 644,010 187,938 3,561,625 2,478,134 1,083,491

1998.............................................. 8,090,686 5,543,886 4,698,319 651,386 194,181 3,646,020 2,546,800 1,099,220

1999.............................................. 8,311,949 5,736,071 4,879,455 657,821 198,795 3,690,970 2,575,878 1,115,092

2000.............................................. 8,519,241 5,908,756 5,042,334 664,995 201,427 3,744,022 2,610,485 1,133,537
3.C Interprogram Data

CONTACT: Curt Pauzenga (410) 965-7210 for further information.

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 143

Source: Public use file of the March 2000 Income Supplement, Current Population Survey, U.S. Census Bureau. For a discussion of standard errors of estimated numbers 

and percentages, see U.S. Census Bureau, Current Population Reports, P-60 series.

Table 3.C7.—Number of persons aged 15 or older with Social Security benefits or Supplemental Security Income, by age, 

sex, race, March 2000, and median annual benefit, 1999

[Civilian noninstitutionalized population residing in the 50 states and the District of Columbia]

Age, sex and median benefit Total White Black

American Indian,

Eskimo, Aleut

Asian,

Pacific Islander

With Social Security

Total number (in thousands).................................................................. 37,783 33,186 3,690 254 653

Men........................................................................................................... 16,233 14,305 1,529 106 293

Women...................................................................................................... 21,550 18,881 2,161 148 360

Under 55 ................................................................................................... 3,998 3,074 792 58 74

55–64........................................................................................................ 4,601 3,956 541 38 66

65–74........................................................................................................ 15,447 13,637 1,366 111 332

75 or older................................................................................................. 13,738 12,519 991 47 181

Median benefit......................................................................................... $8,574 $8,844 $7,032 $7,200 $7,746

With Supplemental Security Income

Total number (in thousands).................................................................. 4,895 3,249 1,336 61 249

Men........................................................................................................... 1,939 1,335 491 16 97

Women...................................................................................................... 2,956 1,915 845 45 152

Under 55 ................................................................................................... 2,779 1,825 853 41 61

55–64........................................................................................................ 824 588 197 1 38

65–74........................................................................................................ 686 462 142 13 69

75 or older................................................................................................. 606 375 144 5 82

Median benefit......................................................................................... $5,232 $4,890 $5,472 $5,520 $6,000
3.C Interprogram Data

CONTACT: Curt Pauzenga (410) 965-7210 for further information.

144 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Table 3.C8.—Number of persons aged 15 or older with Social Security benefits or Supplemental Security Income and 

number and percent of Hispanic origin, by age, sex, March 2000, and median annual benefit, 1999

[Civilian noninstitutionalized population residing in the 50 states and the District of Columbia]

Age and median benefit

Number (in thousands)

Percent of

Total Hispanic origin 1 Hispanic origin

 1 Persons of Hispanic origin may be of any race.

Source: Public use file of March 2000 Income Supplement, Current Population Survey, U.S. Census Bureau. For a discussion of standard errors of estimated numbers 

and percentages, see U.S. Census Bureau, Current Population Reports, P-60 series.

Total Men Women Total Men Women Total Men Women

With Social Security

Total........................................................... 37,783 16,233 21,550 2,094 910 1,184 5.5 5.6 5.5

Under 35 ....................................................... 1,304 613 690 151 76 75 11.6 12.3 10.9

35–44............................................................ 1,201 584 617 121 52 69 10.0 8.9 11.1

45–54............................................................ 1,493 772 722 126 68 59 8.5 8.8 8.1

55–64............................................................ 4,601 2,064 2,537 311 136 175 6.8 6.6 6.9

65–74............................................................ 15,447 6,876 8,570 856 364 491 5.5 5.3 5.7

75 or older..................................................... 13,738 5,324 8,414 529 214 315 3.9 4.0 3.7

Median benefit............................................. $8,574 $10,314 $7,158 $6,786 $8,226 $6,006 . . . . . . . . .

With Supplemental Security Income

Total........................................................... 4,895 1,939 2,956 666 242 424 13.6 12.5 14.3

Under 35 ....................................................... 1,087 460 628 118 64 54 10.8 13.9 8.6

35–44............................................................ 837 427 410 95 40 54 11.3 9.5 13.2

45–54............................................................ 855 357 498 98 32 66 11.4 8.9 13.3

55–64............................................................ 824 309 515 111 41 70 13.5 13.4 13.5

65–74............................................................ 686 225 461 136 31 105 19.8 13.6 22.8

75 or older..................................................... 606 161 445 109 34 75 18.0 21.2 16.8

Median benefit............................................. $5,232 $5,280 $5,160 $5,400 $5,184 $5,400 . . . . . . . . .
3.E Poverty

CONTACT: Joe Dalaker (301) 457-3213 for further information.

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 145

Table 3.E1.—Weighted average poverty thresholds for nonfarm families of specified size, 1959–2000

Calendar

year

Unrelated individuals

Families of 2 persons or more Annual

average

CPI,

all items

(1982–84 = 100) 1

 1 Beginning in January 1978, the Bureau of Labor Statistics introduced a new price index for all urban consumers (CPI-U) that forms a continuous series with the earlier 

index for urban wage earners and for clerical workers as of December 1977.

2 persons

3 persons 4 persons 5 persons 6 persons

7 persons

All ages or more

Under

age 65

Aged 65

or older

All

ages

Householder

under age 65

Householder

aged 65 or older

1959.................. $1,467 $1,503 $1,397 $1,894 $1,952 $1,761 $2,324 $2,973 $3,506 $3,944 $4,849 29.2

1960.................. 1,490 1,526 1,418 1,924 1,982 1,788 2,359 3,022 3,560 4,002 4,921 29.6

1961.................. 1,506 1,545 1,433 1,942 2,005 1,808 2,383 3,054 3,597 4,041 4,967 29.9

1962.................. 1,519 1,562 1,451 1,962 2,027 1,828 2,412 3,089 3,639 4,088 5,032 30.3

1963.................. 1,539 1,581 1,470 1,988 2,052 1,850 2,442 3,128 3,685 4,135 5,092 30.6

1964.................. 1,558 1,601 1,488 2,015 2,079 1,875 2,473 3,169 3,732 4,193 5,156 31.0

1965.................. 1,582 1,626 1,512 2,048 2,114 1,906 2,514 3,223 3,797 4,264 5,248 31.5

1966.................. 1,628 1,674 1,556 2,107 2,175 1,961 2,588 3,317 3,908 4,388 5,395 32.5

1967.................. 1,675 1,722 1,600 2,168 2,238 2,017 2,661 3,410 4,019 4,516 5,550 33.4

1968.................. 1,748 1,797 1,667 2,262 2,333 2,102 2,774 3,553 4,188 4,706 5,789 34.8

1969.................. 1,840 1,893 1,757 2,383 2,458 2,215 2,924 3,743 4,415 4,958 6,101 36.7

1970.................. 1,954 2,010 1,861 2,525 2,604 2,348 3,099 3,968 4,680 5,260 6,468 38.8

1971.................. 2,040 2,098 1,940 2,633 2,716 2,448 3,229 4,137 4,880 5,489 6,751 40.5

1972.................. 2,109 2,168 2,005 2,724 2,808 2,530 3,339 4,275 5,044 5,673 6,983 41.8

1973.................. 2,247 2,307 2,130 2,895 2,984 2,688 3,548 4,540 5,358 6,028 7,435 44.4

1974.................. 2,495 2,562 2,364 3,211 3,312 2,982 3,936 5,038 5,950 6,699 8,253 49.3

1975.................. 2,724 2,797 2,581 3,506 3,617 3,257 4,293 5,500 6,499 7,316 9,022 53.8

1976.................. 2,884 2,959 2,730 3,711 3,826 3,445 4,540 5,815 6,876 7,760 9,588 56.9

1977.................. 3,075 3,152 2,906 3,951 4,072 3,666 4,833 6,191 7,320 8,261 10,216 60.6

1978.................. 3,311 3,392 3,127 4,249 4,383 3,944 5,201 6,662 7,880 8,891 11,002 65.2

1979.................. 3,689 3,778 3,479 4,725 4,878 4,390 5,784 7,412 8,775 9,914 12,280 72.6

1980.................. 4,190 4,290 3,949 5,363 5,537 4,983 6,565 8,414 9,966 11,269 13,955 82.4

1981.................. 4,620 4,729 4,359 5,917 6,111 5,498 7,250 9,287 11,007 12,449 . . . 90.9

1982.................. 4,901 5,019 4,626 6,281 6,487 5,836 7,693 9,862 11,684 13,207 . . . 96.5

1983.................. 5,061 5,180 4,775 6,483 6,697 6,023 7,938 10,178 12,049 13,630 . . . 99.6

1984.................. 5,278 5,400 4,979 6,762 6,983 6,282 8,277 10,609 12,566 14,207 . . . 103.9

1985.................. 5,469 5,593 5,156 6,998 7,231 6,503 8,573 10,989 13,007 14,696 . . . 107.6

1986.................. 5,572 5,701 5,255 7,138 7,372 6,630 8,737 11,203 13,259 14,986 . . . 109.6

1987.................. 5,778 5,909 5,447 7,397 7,641 6,872 9,056 11,611 13,737 15,509 . . . 113.6

1988.................. 6,022 6,155 5,674 7,704 7,958 7,157 9,435 12,092 14,304 16,146 . . . 118.3

1989.................. 6,310 6,451 5,947 8,076 8,343 7,501 9,885 12,674 14,990 16,921 . . . 124.0

1990.................. 6,652 6,800 6,268 8,509 8,794 7,905 10,419 13,359 15,792 17,839 . . . 130.7

1991.................. 6,932 7,086 6,532 8,865 9,165 8,241 10,860 13,924 16,456 18,587 . . . 136.2

1992.................. 7,143 7,299 6,729 9,137 9,443 8,487 11,186 14,335 16,952 19,137 . . . 140.3

1993.................. 7,363 7,518 6,930 9,414 9,728 8,740 11,522 14,763 17,449 19,718 . . . 144.5

1994.................. 7,547 7,710 7,108 9,661 9,976 8,967 11,821 15,141 17,900 20,235 . . . 148.2

1995.................. 7,763 7,929 7,309 9,933 10,259 9,219 12,158 15,569 18,408 20,804 . . . 152.4

1996.................. 7,995 8,163 7,525 10,233 10,564 9,491 12,516 16,036 18,952 21,389 . . . 156.9

1997.................. 8,183 8,350 7,698 10,473 10,805 9,712 12,802 16,400 19,380 21,886 . . . 160.5

1998.................. 8,316 8,480 7,818 10,634 10,972 9,862 13,003 16,660 19,680 22,228 . . . 163.0

1999.................. 8,501 8,667 7,990 10,869 11,214 10,075 13,290 17,029 20,127 22,727 . . . 166.6

2000 2 ...............

 2 Preliminary data; 1999 weighted average poverty levels raised to correspond with the 2000 increase from the 1999 Consumer Price Index (CPI-U) for all Urban 

Consumers.

Note: Three technical changes in the definition of poverty are described in “Characteristics of the Population Below the Poverty Level, 1980,” U.S. Census Bureau, 

Current Population Reports, Series P-60, No. 133: (1) Distinctions based on the sex of the family householder will no longer be made; (2) income thresholds for farm families 

will be the same as for nonfarm families of the same size and composition, and (3) the increased sample size will now permit separate poverty income criteria for families of 

7, 8, and 9 or more persons. Separate criteria for these family sizes by number of children have been developed by the Social Security Administration for the base year 

1978 on the same basis as the original poverty matrix for smaller family sizes, and then updated by means of the all-items Consumer Price Index. The thresholds for larger 

families beginning in 1980 are:

8,787 8,958 8,259 11,234 11,591 10,414 13,737 17,601 20,804 23,491 . . . 172.2

Year 7 persons 8 persons 9 persons or more

1980 ............................................................ $12,761 $14,199 $16,896

1981 ............................................................ 14,110 15,655 18,572

1982 ............................................................ 15,036 16,719 19,698

1983 ............................................................ 15,500 17,170 20,310

1984 ............................................................ 16,096 17,961 21,247

1985 ............................................................ 16,656 18,512 22,083

1986 ............................................................ 17,049 18,791 22,497

1987 ............................................................ 17,649 19,515 23,105

1988 ............................................................ 18,232 20,253 24,129

1989 ............................................................ 19,162 21,328 25,480

1990 ............................................................ 20,241 22,582 26,848

1991 ............................................................ 21,058 23,605 27,942

1992 ............................................................ 21,594 24,053 28,745

1993 ............................................................ 22,383 24,838 29,529

1994 ............................................................ 22,923 25,427 30,300

1995 ............................................................ 23,552 26,237 31,280

1996 ............................................................ 24,268 27,091 31,971

1997 ............................................................ 24,802 27,593 32,566

1998 ............................................................ 25,257 28,166 33,339

1999 ........................................................... 25,912 28,967 34,417

2000 (see footnote 2 above) ....................... 26,783 29,941 35,574
3.E Poverty

CONTACT: Curt Pauzenga (410) 965-7210 for further information.

146 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Source: Public use file of the March 2000 Income Supplement, Current Population Survey, U.S. Census Bureau. For a discussion of standard errors of estimated 

numbers and percentages, see U.S. Census Bureau, Current Population Reports, P-60 series.

Table 3.E2.—Number and percent of poor persons, by age, at end of 1959–1999 1 

[Civilian noninstitutionalized population residing in the 50 states and the District of Columbia]

 1 Data for 1970 and 1975 are based on the 1970 Census of Population controls.

Age and family status 2 

 2 Income and poverty status refer to the calendar year shown; family status is as of March of the succeeding year.

1959 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 3

 3 Based on revised methodology.

1998 1999

Total population 4 (in millions)

 4 Includes Armed Forces in the United States living off post or with families on post. Excludes unrelated individuals under age 16.

All ages............................................... 176.5 202.5 210.4 225.0 236.6 248.6 271.1 273.5

Children under 18 in families .......................... 64.0 69.9 64.8 62.2 62.0 64.9 70.2 70.5

With—

Male householder 5 .............................

 5 Includes children in families with both spouses present and in families with male householder with no spouse present.

58.3 60.8 54.1 50.6 49.5 49.5 52.9 54.0

Female householder............................ 5.7 9.0 10.6 11.5 12.5 15.4 17.2 16.4

18–54 6 ...........................................................

 6 Includes persons under age 18 listed as unrelated individual, family householder, spouse of householder, or other family member.

81.0 94.9 104.7 116.3 125.2 132.3 144.6 146.0

55–64.............................................................. 15.5 18.4 19.8 21.7 22.1 21.3 22.9 23.4

65 or older....................................................... 15.6 19.3 21.7 24.7 27.3 30.1 32.4 32.6

In families ................................................ 11.9 13.4 14.8 16.7 18.4 20.1 21.8 22.0

Unrelated individuals ............................... 3.7 5.8 6.9 8.0 8.9 10.0 10.6 10.6

Men...................................................... 1.2 1.4 1.5 1.7 2.0 2.3 2.7 2.8

Women ................................................ 2.5 4.4 5.4 6.3 7.0 7.7 7.9 7.8

Number poor (in millions) 4

All ages............................................... 39.5 25.3 25.9 29.3 33.1 33.6 34.5 32.3

Children under 18 in families .......................... 17.2 10.5 10.9 11.1 12.5 13.3 12.8 11.5

With—

Male householder 5.............................. 13.1 5.7 5.3 5.2 5.8 5.3 5.1 4.8

Female householder............................ 4.1 4.8 5.6 5.9 6.7 8.0 7.7 6.7

18–54 6 ........................................................... 13.4 8.2 9.7 12.2 14.8 14.6 15.6 15.0

55–64.............................................................. 3.3 2.1 2.0 2.1 2.3 2.1 2.2 2.2

65 or older....................................................... 5.5 4.7 3.3 3.9 3.5 3.7 3.4 3.2

In families ................................................ 3.2 2.0 1.2 1.4 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.1

Unrelated individuals ............................... 2.3 2.7 2.1 2.4 2.3 2.5 2.2 2.1

Men...................................................... .7 .5 .4 .4 .4 .4 .4 .5

Women ................................................ 1.6 2.2 1.7 2.0 1.9 2.1 1.7 1.6

Percent poor 4

All ages............................................... 22.4 12.6 12.3 13.0 14.0 13.5 12.7 11.8

Children under 18 in families .......................... 26.9 15.0 16.8 17.9 20.1 20.5 18.3 16.3

With—

Male householder 5.............................. 22.4 9.3 9.8 10.4 11.7 10.7 9.6 9.0

Female householder............................ 72.2 53.4 52.7 50.8 53.6 52.1 44.8 40.6

18–54 6 ........................................................... 16.5 8.7 9.2 10.5 11.8 11.0 10.8 10.3

55–64.............................................................. 21.5 11.4 10.2 9.5 10.5 9.7 9.6 9.5

65 or older....................................................... 35.2 24.6 15.3 15.7 12.6 12.2 10.5 9.7

In families ................................................ 26.9 14.7 8.0 8.5 6.4 5.9 5.7 4.9

Unrelated individuals ............................... 61.9 47.1 31.0 30.6 25.6 24.8 20.4 19.7

Men...................................................... 59.0 38.9 27.7 24.4 20.5 17.3 16.3 16.4

Women ................................................ 63.3 49.7 31.9 32.3 27.0 26.9 21.7 20.9
3.E Poverty

CONTACT: Curt Pauzenga (410) 965-7210 for further information.

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 147

Source: Public use file of the March 2000 Income Supplement, Current Population Survey, U.S. Census Bureau. For a discussion of standard errors of estimated 

numbers and percentages, see U.S. Census Bureau, Current Population Reports, P-60 series.

Table 3.E3.—Shares of money income from earnings and other sources for aged and nonaged families, 1999

[Civilian noninstitutionalized population residing in the 50 states and the District of Columbia]

Type of money income

received during year 1 

 1 Household surveys tend to underestimate the number of income recipients with income sources such as interest, dividends, rents, veterans’ payments, 

unemployment compensation, and workers’ compensation are more underreported than others. For more detail, see U.S. Census Bureau, The Value of Noncash 

Benefits: 1979–1982, Technical Paper No. 52, Appendix F.

Aged family units Nonaged family units

Individuals aged 65 or

older living alone or

with nonrelatives only

Multiperson families with

householder

aged 65 or older

Individuals under age 65

living alone or

with nonrelatives only

Multiperson families with

householder

under age 65

Total Nonpoor Poor 2

 2 Poverty status based on money income of all family members after receipt of OASDI and any other cash transfer payments.

Total Nonpoor Poor 2 Total Nonpoor Poor 2 Total Nonpoor Poor 2

Number of families and unrelated

individuals (in millions)............................. 10.6 8.5 2.1 11.6 11.0 0.6 32.9 26.4 6.5 60.4 54.4 6.1

Percent receiving income of specified type 3 

 3 Received by individuals or any family member at any time during 1998. Most individuals or families received more than one type of income during the year.

Earnings.......................................................... 14 16 3 45 47 24 84 94 44 95 97 70

Public program payments:

Social Security 4 .........................................

 4 Social Security may include more than one type of income during the year.

92 94 84 92 93 65 6 5 11 10 10 10

Supplemental Security Income.................... 6 2 21 5 5 13 4 1 12 3 2 11

Other public assistance............................... 2 2 2 4 4 6 10 9 13 12 11 29

Other programs 5 ........................................

 5 Unemployment insurance, workers’ compensation, or veterans’ payments. 6 Less than 0.05 percent.

4 5 3 8 8 4 6 6 3 9 10 7

Other sources:

Dividends, interest, rent .............................. 60 68 26 71 73 28 48 56 17 63 68 15

Employment-related pensions,

alimony, annuities, etc ............................. 41 49 8 52 54 14 6 6 3 16 16 14

Percentage distribution of income, by type

Total percent................................................ 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100

Earnings.......................................................... 13 14 (6) 33 33 13 87 88 50 89 89 66

Public program payments:

Social Security 4.......................................... 44 41 83 30 30 64 2 1 18 2 1 8

Supplemental Security Income.................... 1 (6) 10 1 1 9 1 (6) 15 (6) (6) 7

Other public assistance............................... (6) (6) (6) (6) (6) 2 2 2 9 1 1 11

Other programs 5 ........................................ 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 3

Other sources:

Dividends, interest, rent .............................. 20 21 2 17 18 4 6 6 3 5 5 1

Employment-related pensions,

alimony, annuities, etc ............................. 20 21 3 17 17 7 2 2 3 3 3 4

Median income.............................................. $13,809 $16,435 $5,572 $33,131 $34,719 $7,741 $23,365 $28,739 $3,779 $52,593 $56,149 $8,356
3.E Poverty

CONTACT: Curt Pauzenga (410) 965-7210 for further information.

148 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Source: Public use file of the March 2000 Income Supplement, Current Population Survey, U.S. Census Bureau. For a discussion of standard errors of estimated 

numbers and percentages, see U.S. Census Bureau, Current Population Reports, P-60 series.

Table 3.E4.—Current living arrangements of persons aged 65 or older, March 2000 1 

[Civilian noninstitutionalized population residing in the 50 states and the District of Columbia]

 1 Living arrangements as of March 2000. Poverty status in 1999 as reflected by income of unrelated individual or family money income for year compared with official 

poverty income criterion for families of appropriate size and composition.

Living arrangement and sex

Population (in thousands) Percentage distribution Percent

officially

Total Poor Nonpoor Total Poor Nonpoor poor

Total........................................................... 32,621 3,167 29,454 100 100 100 9.7

Unrelated individuals................................................ 10,641 2,095 8,546 32.6 66.1 29.0 19.7

Family members ...................................................... 21,980 1,072 20,908 67.4 33.9 71.0 4.9

Householder or spouse ........................................ 19,978 961 19,017 61.2 30.3 64.6 4.8

Other relative 2 ....................................................

 2 Aged family members who are neither the family householder nor the spouse of the householder. Official poverty classification is based on combined income of all 

related persons living together. Persons in this group are classified here on the basis of official poverty criteria for family income and on a comparison of their own income 

with official poverty criteria for elderly persons maintaining their own households. The hidden poor are other relatives in nonpoor households whose own income is below 

the official poverty line for unrelated individuals or married couples. 3 Less than 0.05 percent.

 2,002 112 1,890 6.1 3.5 6.4 5.6

Poor by own income......................................... 863 101 762 2.6 3.2 2.6 11.7

Not poor by own income................................... 1,139 11 1,129 3.5 .3 3.8 .9

Men............................................................... 13,886 960 12,926 42.6 30.3 43.9 6.9

Unrelated individuals................................................ 2,816 461 2,355 8.6 14.6 8.0 16.4

Family members ...................................................... 11,070 499 10,571 33.9 15.8 35.9 4.5

Householder......................................................... 8,172 360 7,813 25.1 11.4 26.5 4.4

Spouse of householder ........................................ 2,328 118 2,211 7.1 3.7 7.5 5.0

Other relative 2 ..................................................... 570 22 548 1.7 .7 1.9 3.9

Poor by own income......................................... 179 22 156 .5 .7 .5 12.4

Not poor by own income................................... 392 (3) 392 1.2 (3) 1.3 (3)

Women ......................................................... 18,735 2,207 16,528 57.4 69.7 56.1 11.8

Unrelated individuals................................................ 7,826 1,634 6,192 24.0 51.6 21.0 20.9

Family members ...................................................... 10,910 573 10,337 33.4 18.1 35.1 5.3

Householder, no husband present ....................... 1,735 184 1,551 5.3 5.8 5.3 10.6

Householder with husband present...................... 1,797 69 1,727 5.5 2.2 5.9 3.8

Wife of householder ............................................. 5,947 231 5,716 18.2 7.3 19.4 3.9

Other relative 2 ..................................................... 1,432 89 1,343 4.4 2.8 4.6 6.2

Poor by own income......................................... 684 79 606 2.1 2.5 2.1 11.5

Not poor by own income................................... 748 11 737 2.3 .3 2.5 1.4
3.E Poverty

CONTACT: Curt Pauzenga (410) 965-7210 for further information.

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 149

Source: Public use file of the March 2000 Income Supplement, Current Population Survey, U.S. Census. For a discussion of standard errors of estimated numbers 

and percentages, see Bureau of the Census, Current Population Reports, P-60 series.

Table 3.E6.—Aged families receiving Social Security benefits, by share of income from benefits and race, 1999

[Civilian noninstitutionalized population residing in the 50 states and the District of Columbia]

Social Security share of money

income for year 1 

 1 Payments under Old-Age, Survivors, and Disability Insurance program any time in 1999 to any family member as reported in the March 2000 Current Population

Survey.

Individuals aged 65 or older living alone

or with nonrelatives only

Multiperson families with householder

aged 65 or older

Total Nonpoor Poor

Percent

poor Total Nonpoor Poor

Percent

poor

All races 2 

 2 Includes other races.

3 Less than 0.05 percent.

Total number (in thousands)................................................ 10,638 8,543 2,095 . . . 11,773 11,117 656 . . .

Total percent........................................................................ 100 100 100 20 100 100 100 6

No Social Security benefits......................................................... 8 6 16 41 8 7 35 23

Some Social Security benefits .................................................... 92 94 84 18 92 93 65 4

Less than one-fourth of income............................................... 9 11 1 2 23 25 2 (3)

One-fourth up to one-half of income ....................................... 19 23 3 3 26 27 7 1

One-half up to three-fourths of income ................................... 21 24 10 9 20 21 6 2

Three-fourths or more of income............................................. 43 36 70 32 22 21 50 12

White

Total number (in thousands)................................................ 9,463 7,835 1,627 . . . 10,299 9,881 418 . . .

Total percent........................................................................ 100 100 100 17 100 100 100 4

No Social Security benefits......................................................... 7 5 16 39 7 6 37 20

Some Social Security benefits .................................................... 93 95 84 15 93 94 63 3

Less than one-fourth of income............................................... 9 11 1 2 23 24 1 (3)

One-fourth up to one-half of income ....................................... 20 23 3 3 26 27 8 1

One-half up to three-fourths of income ................................... 22 24 9 7 21 22 6 1

Three-fourths or more of income............................................. 42 36 70 29 22 21 48 9

Black

Total number (in thousands)................................................ 989.6 574.7 414.9 . . . 972 835 137 . . .

Total percent........................................................................ 100 100 100 42 100 100 100 14

No Social Security benefits......................................................... 11 9 14 52 10 8 25 35

Some Social Security benefits .................................................... 89 91 86 41 90 92 75 12

Less than one-fourth of income............................................... 7 12 (3) (3) 25 29 5 3

One-fourth up to one-half of income ....................................... 13 20 3 10 24 27 8 5

One-half up to three-fourths of income ................................... 17 21 13 30 14 16 6 6

Three-fourths or more of income............................................. 51 38 70 57 26 21 56 30
3.E Poverty

CONTACT: Gordon Fisher (202) 690-5880 for further information.

150 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Separate figures for Alaska and Hawaii reflect Office of Economic Opportunity administrative practice beginning in the 1966–70 period. The U.S.Census Bureau, producer of 

the primary version of the poverty measure (the poverty thresholds), does not produce separate figures for Alaska and Hawaii. 2 Before 1983, the guidelines shown are for nonfarm families only.

3 The guidelines are effective from the date of issuance (unless otherwise specified by a particular program using them).

4 Add this amount for each additional family member. Before 1973, increments between some of the smaller family sizes differed from the increment shown in the table. 

Beginning in 1973, the increment has been the same between all family sizes in each year’s set of guidelines.

Table 3.E8.—Poverty guidelines for families of specified size, 1965–20011,2

 1 Except for Alaska and Hawaii. Guidelines for Alaska and Hawaii since 1980 are:

Date of issuance 3 1 person 2 persons 3 persons 4 persons 5 persons 6 persons 7 persons 8 persons Increment 4

December 1965 ............................ $1,540 $1,990 $2,440 $3,130 $3,685 $4,135 $4,635 $5,135 $500

August 1967.................................. 1,600 2,000 2,500 3,200 3,800 4,200 4,700 5,300 500

September 1968 ........................... 1,600 2,100 2,600 3,300 3,900 4,400 4,900 5,400 500

September 1969 ........................... 1,800 2,400 3,000 3,600 4,200 4,800 5,400 6,000 600

December 1970 ............................ 1,900 2,500 3,100 3,800 4,400 5,000 5,600 6,200 600

November 1971 ............................ 2,000 2,600 3,300 4,000 4,700 5,300 5,900 6,500 600

October 1972 ................................ 2,100 2,725 3,450 4,200 4,925 5,550 6,200 6,850 650

March 1973................................... 2,200 2,900 3,600 4,300 5,000 5,700 6,400 7,100 700

May 1974 ...................................... 2,330 3,070 3,810 4,550 5,290 6,030 6,770 7,510 740

March 1975................................... 2,590 3,410 4,230 5,050 5,870 6,690 7,510 8,330 820

April 1976...................................... 2,800 3,700 4,600 5,500 6,400 7,300 8,200 9,100 900

April 1977...................................... 2,970 3,930 4,890 5,850 6,810 7,770 8,730 9,690 960

April 1978...................................... 3,140 4,160 5,180 6,200 7,220 8,240 9,260 10,280 1,020

May 1979 ...................................... 3,400 4,500 5,600 6,700 7,800 8,900 10,000 11,100 1,100

April 1980...................................... 3,790 5,010 6,230 7,450 8,670 9,890 11,110 12,330 1,220

March 1981................................... 4,310 5,690 7,070 8,450 9,830 11,210 12,590 13,970 1,380

April 1982...................................... 4,680 6,220 7,760 9,300 10,840 12,380 13,920 15,460 1,540

February 1983............................... 4,860 6,540 8,220 9,900 11,580 13,260 14,940 16,620 1,680

February 1984............................... 4,980 6,720 8,460 10,200 11,940 13,680 15,420 17,160 1,740

March 1985................................... 5,250 7,050 8,850 10,650 12,450 14,250 16,050 17,850 1,800

February 1986............................... 5,360 7,240 9,120 11,000 12,880 14,760 16,640 18,520 1,880

February 1987............................... 5,500 7,400 9,300 11,200 13,100 15,000 16,900 18,800 1,900

February 1988............................... 5,770 7,730 9,690 11,650 13,610 15,570 17,530 19,490 1,960

February 1989............................... 5,980 8,020 10,060 12,100 14,140 16,180 18,220 20,260 2,040

February 1990............................... 6,280 8,420 10,560 12,700 14,840 16,980 18,120 21,260 2,140

February 1991............................... 6,620 8,880 11,140 13,400 15,660 17,920 20,180 22,440 2,260

February 1992............................... 6,810 9,190 11,570 13,950 16,330 18,710 21,090 23,470 2,380

February 1993............................... 6,970 9,430 11,890 14,350 16,810 19,270 21,730 24,190 2,460

February 1994............................... 7,360 9,840 12,320 14,800 17,280 19,760 22,240 24,720 2,480

February 1995............................... 7,470 10,030 12,590 15,150 17,710 20,270 22,830 25,390 2,560

March 1996................................... 7,740 10,360 12,980 15,600 18,220 20,840 23,460 26,080 2,620

March 1997................................... 7,890 10,610 13,330 16,050 18,770 21,490 24,210 26,960 2,720

February 1998............................... 8,050 10,850 13,650 16,450 19,250 22,050 24,850 27,650 2,800

March 1999................................... 8,240 11,060 13,880 16,700 19,520 22,340 25,160 27,980 2,820

February 2000............................... 8,350 11,250 14,150 17,050 19,950 22,850 25,750 28,650 2,900

February 2001............................... 8,590 11,610 14,630 17,650 20,670 23,690 26,710 29,730 3,020

Year

Alaska Hawaii

1 person Increment 1 person Increment

1980......................... $4,760 $1,520 $4,370 $1,400

1981......................... 5,410 1,720 4,980 1,580

1982......................... 5,870 1,920 5,390 1,770

1983......................... 6,080 2,100 5,600 1,930

1984......................... 6,240 2,170 5,730 2,000

1985......................... 6,560 2,250 6,040 2,070

1986......................... 6,700 2,350 6,170 2,160

1987......................... 6,860 2,380 6,310 2,190

1988......................... 7,210 2,450 6,650 2,250

1989......................... 7,480 2,550 6,870 2,350

1990......................... 7,840 2,680 7,230 2,460

1991......................... 8,290 2,820 7,610 2,600

1992......................... 8,500 2,980 7,830 2,740

1993......................... 8,700 3,080 8,040 2,820

1994......................... 9,200 3,100 8,470 2,850

1995......................... 9,340 3,200 8,610 2,940

1996......................... 9,660 3,280 8,910 3,010

1997......................... 9,870 3,400 9,070 3,130

1998......................... 10,070 3,500 9,260 3,220

1999......................... 10,320 3,520 9,490 3,240

2000......................... 10,430 3,630 9,590 3,340

2001......................... 10,730 3,780 9,890 3,470
4.A OASDI: Trust Funds

CONTACT: Jeff Kunkel (410) 965-3013 for further information.

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 151

See footnotes following table 4.A3.

Table 4.A1.—Old-Age and Survivors Insurance, 1937–2000

[In millions]

Calendar

year

Receipts Expenditures Assets

Total

Net

 contributions 1

Income

from

taxation

 of benefits

Payments

from the

general

 fund of the

Treasury 2

Net

interest 3 Total

Benefit

payments 4

Administrative

expenses

Transfers to

Railroad

Retirement

program

Net

 increase

 during year

Amount

at end

of period

1937............. $767 $765 . . . . . . $2 $1 $1 . . . . . . $766 $766

1938............. 375 360 . . . . . . 15 10 10 . . . . . . 366 1,132

1939............. 607 580 . . . . . . 27 14 14 . . . . . . 592 1,724

1940............. 368 325 . . . . . . 43 62 35 $26 . . . 306 2,031

1941............. 845 789 . . . . . . 56 114 88 26 . . . 731 2,762

1942............. 1,085 1,012 . . . . . . 72 159 131 28 . . . 926 3,688

1943............. 1,328 1,239 . . . . . . 88 195 166 29 . . . 1,132 4,820

1944............. 1,422 1,316 . . . . . . 107 238 209 29 . . . 1,184 6,005

1945............. 1,420 1,285 . . . . . . 134 304 274 30 . . . 1,116 7,121

1946............. 1,447 1,295 . . . . . . 152 418 378 40 . . . 1,029 8,150

1947............. 1,722 1,557 . . . $1 164 512 466 46 . . . 1,210 9,360

1948............. 1,969 1,685 . . . 3 281 607 556 51 . . . 1,362 10,722

1949............. 1,816 1,666 . . . 4 146 721 667 54 . . . 1,094 11,816

1950............. 2,928 2,667 . . . 4 257 1,022 961 61 . . . 1,905 13,721

1951............. 3,784 3,363 . . . 4 417 1,966 1,885 81 . . . 1,818 15,540

1952............. 4,184 3,819 . . . . . . 365 2,282 2,194 88 . . . 1,902 17,442

1953............. 4,359 3,945 . . . . . . 414 3,094 3,006 88 . . . 1,265 18,707

1954............. 5,610 5,163 . . . . . . 447 3,741 3,670 92 -$21 1,869 20,576

1955............. 6,167 5,713 . . . . . . 454 5,079 4,968 119 -7 1,087 21,663

1956............. 6,697 6,172 . . . . . . 526 5,841 5,715 132 -5 856 22,519

1957............. 7,381 6,825 . . . . . . 556 7,507 7,347 162 -2 -126 22,393

1958............. 8,117 7,566 . . . . . . 552 8,646 8,327 194 124 -528 21,864

1959............. 8,584 8,052 . . . . . . 532 10,308 9,842 184 282 -1,724 20,141

1960............. 11,382 10,866 . . . . . . 516 11,198 10,677 203 318 184 20,324

1961............. 11,833 11,285 . . . . . . 548 12,432 11,862 239 332 -599 19,725

1962............. 12,585 12,059 . . . . . . 526 13,973 13,356 256 361 -1,388 18,337

1963............. 15,063 14,541 . . . . . . 521 14,920 14,217 281 423 143 18,480

1964............. 16,258 15,689 . . . . . . 569 15,613 14,914 296 403 645 19,125

1965............. 16,610 16,017 . . . . . . 593 17,501 16,737 328 436 -890 18,235

1966............. 21,302 20,580 . . . 78 644 18,967 18,267 256 444 2,335 20,570

1967............. 24,034 23,138 . . . 78 818 20,382 19,468 406 508 3,652 24,222

1968............. 25,040 23,719 . . . 382 939 23,557 22,643 476 438 1,483 25,704

1969............. 29,554 27,947 . . . 442 1,165 25,176 24,210 474 491 4,378 30,082

1970............. 32,220 30,256 . . . 449 1,515 29,848 28,798 471 579 2,371 32,454

1971............. 35,877 33,723 . . . 488 1,667 34,542 33,414 514 613 1,335 33,789

1972............. 40,050 37,781 . . . 475 1,794 38,522 37,124 674 724 1,528 35,318

1973............. 48,344 45,975 . . . 442 1,928 47,175 45,745 647 783 1,169 36,487

1974............. 54,688 52,081 . . . 447 2,159 53,397 51,623 865 909 1,291 37,777

1975............. 59,605 56,816 . . . 425 2,364 60,395 58,517 896 982 -790 36,987

1976............. 66,276 63,362 . . . 614 2,301 67,876 65,705 959 1,212 -1,600 35,388

1977............. 72,412 69,572 . . . 613 2,227 75,309 73,121 981 1,208 -2,897 32,491

1978............. 78,094 75,471 . . . 615 2,008 83,064 80,361 1,115 1,589 -4,971 27,520

1979............. 90,274 87,919 . . . 557 1,797 93,133 90,573 1,113 1,448 -2,860 24,660

1980............. 105,841 103,456 . . . 540 1,845 107,678 105,083 1,154 1,442 -1,837 22,823

1981............. 125,361 122,627 . . . 675 2,060 126,695 123,803 1,307 1,585 -1,334 21,490

1982............. 125,198 123,673 . . . 680 845 142,119 138,806 1,519 1,793 5 598 22,088

1983............. 150,584 138,337 . . . 5,541 6,706 152,999 149,221 1,528 2,251 -2,416 19,672

1984............. 169,328 164,122 $2,835 105 2,266 161,883 157,841 1,638 2,404 7,445 27,117

1985............. 184,239 176,958 3,208 2,203 1,871 171,150 167,248 1,592 2,310 5 8,725 35,842

1986............. 197,393 190,741 3,424 160 3,069 181,000 176,813 1,601 2,585 5 3,239 39,081

1987............. 210,736 202,735 3,257 55 4,690 187,668 183,587 1,524 2,557 23,068 62,149

1988............. 240,770 229,775 3,384 43 7,568 200,020 195,454 1,776 2,790 40,750 102,899

1989............. 264,653 250,195 2,439 34 11,985 212,489 207,971 1,673 2,845 52,164 155,063

1990............. 286,653 267,530 4,848 -2,089 16,363 227,519 222,987 1,563 2,969 59,134 214,197

1991............. 299,286 272,574 5,864 19 20,829 245,634 240,467 1,792 3,375 53,652 267,849

1992............. 311,162 280,992 5,852 14 24,303 259,861 254,883 1,830 3,148 51,301 319,150

1993............. 323,277 290,905 5,335 10 27,027 273,104 267,755 1,996 3,353 50,173 369,322

1994............. 328,271 293,323 4,995 7 29,946 284,133 279,068 1,645 3,420 44,138 413,460

1995............. 342,801 304,620 5,490 -129 32,820 297,760 291,630 2,077 4,052 45,041 458,502

1996............. 363,741 321,557 6,471 7 35,706 308,217 302,861 1,802 3,554 55,524 514,026

1997............. 397,169 349,946 7,426 2 39,795 322,073 316,257 2,128 3,688 75,096 589,121

1998............. 424,848 371,207 9,149 1 44,491 332,324 326,762 1,899 3,662 92,524 681,645

1999............. 457,040 396,352 10,899 (6) 49,788 339,874 334,383 1,809 3,681 117,167 798,812

2000............. 490,513 421,391 11,594 . . . 57,529 358,339 352,652 2,149 3,538 132,174 930,986
4.A OASDI: Trust Funds

CONTACT: Jeff Kunkel (410) 965-3013 for further information.

152 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Table 4.A2.—Disability Insurance, 1957–2000

[In millions]

Calendar

year

Receipts Expenditures Assets

Total

Net

 contributions 1

 1 Beginning in 1983, includes transfers from the general fund of the Treasury representing contributions that would have been paid on deemed wage credits for military 

service in 1957 and later, if such credits were considered to be covered wages.

Income

from

taxation

 of benefits

Payments

from the

general

 fund of the

Treasury 2

 2 Includes payments (1) in 1966 and later, for costs of noncontributory wage credits for military service performed before 1957; and (2) in 1971–1982, for costs of deemed 

wage credits for military service performed after 1956.

Net

interest 3

 3 Net interest includes net profits or losses on marketable investments. Beginning in 1967, administrative expenses are charged to the trust fund on an estimated basis, with 

a final adjustment, including interest, made in the following fiscal year. The amounts of these interest adjustments are included in net interest. Beginning in July 1974, the figures 

shown include relatively small amounts of gifts to the fund. Figures for 1983–1986 reflect payments from a borrowing trust fund to a lending trust fund for interest on amounts 

owed under the interfund borrowing provisions. During 1983–1990, interest paid from the trust fund to the general fund of the Treasury on advance tax transfers is reflected. The 

amount shown for 1985 includes an interest adjustment of $14.8 million on unnegotiated checks issued before April 1985.

Total

Benefit

payments 4

 4 Beginning in 1966, includes payments for vocational rehabilitation services furnished to disabled persons receiving benefits because of their disabilities. Beginning in 1983, 

amounts are reduced by amount of reimbursement for unnegotiated benefit checks.

Administrative

expenses

Transfers to

Railroad

Retirement

program

Net

 increase

 during year

Amount

at end

of period

1957............. $709 $702 . . . . . . $7 $59 $57 $3 . . . $649 $649

1958............. 991 966 . . . . . . 25 261 249 12 . . . 729 1,379

1959............. 931 891 . . . . . . 40 485 457 50 -$22 447 1,825

1960............. 1,063 1,010 . . . . . . 53 600 568 36 -5 464 2,289

1961............. 1,104 1,038 . . . . . . 66 956 887 64 5 148 2,437

1962............. 1,114 1,046 . . . . . . 68 1,183 1,105 66 11 -69 2,368

1963............. 1,165 1,099 . . . . . . 66 1,297 1,210 68 20 -133 2,235

1964............. 1,218 1,154 . . . . . . 64 1,407 1,309 79 19 -188 2,047

1965............. 1,247 1,188 . . . . . . 59 1,687 1,573 90 24 -440 1,606

1966............. 2,079 2,006 . . . $16 58 1,947 1,784 137 25 133 1,739

1967............. 2,379 2,286 . . . 16 78 2,089 1,950 109 31 290 2,029

1968............. 3,454 3,316 . . . 32 106 2,458 2,311 127 20 996 3,025

1969............. 3,792 3,599 . . . 16 177 2,716 2,557 138 21 1,075 4,100

1970............. 4,774 4,481 . . . 16 277 3,259 3,085 164 10 1,514 5,614

1971............. 5,031 4,620 . . . 50 361 4,000 3,783 205 13 1,031 6,645

1972............. 5,572 5,107 . . . 51 414 4,759 4,502 233 24 813 7,457

1973............. 6,443 5,932 . . . 52 458 5,973 5,764 190 20 470 7,927

1974............. 7,378 6,826 . . . 52 500 7,196 6,957 217 22 182 8,109

1975............. 8,035 7,444 . . . 90 502 8,790 8,505 256 29 -754 7,354

1976............. 8,757 8,233 . . . 103 422 10,366 10,055 285 26 -1,609 5,745

1977............. 9,570 9,138 . . . 128 304 11,945 11,547 399 (5)

 5 Less than $500,000.

-2,375 3,370

1978............. 13,810 13,413 . . . 142 256 12,954 12,599 325 30 856 4,226

1979............. 15,590 15,114 . . . 118 358 14,186 13,786 371 30 1,404 5,630

1980............. 13,871 13,255 . . . 130 485 15,872 15,515 368 -12 -2,001 3,629

1981............. 17,078 16,738 . . . 168 172 17,658 17,192 436 29 -580 3,049

1982............. 22,715 21,995 . . . 174 546 17,992 17,376 590 26 6 -358

 6 Amount equals total receipts less total expenditures, less amounts loaned or plus amounts repaid under interfund borrowing provisions.

2,691

1983............. 20,682 17,991 . . . 1,121 1,569 18,177 17,524 625 28 2,505 5,195

1984............. 17,309 15,945 $190 . . . 1,174 18,546 17,898 626 22 -1,237 3,959

1985............. 19,301 17,191 222 1,017 870 19,478 18,827 608 43 6 2,363 6,321

1986............. 19,439 18,399 238 . . . 803 20,522 19,853 600 68 6 1,459 7,780

1987............. 20,303 19,691 7 -36

 7 Reflects $195 million in transfers from the DI trust fund to the general fund of the Treasury to correct estimated amounts transferred for calendar years 1984 and 1985.

. . . 648 21,425 20,519 849 57 -1,122 6,658

1988............. 22,699 22,039 61 . . . 600 22,494 21,695 737 61 206 6,864

1989............. 24,795 23,993 95 . . . 707 23,753 22,911 754 88 1,041 7,905

1990............. 28,791 28,539 144 -775 883 25,616 24,829 707 80 3,174 11,079

1991............. 30,390 29,137 190 . . . 1,063 28,571 27,695 794 82 1,819 12,898

1992............. 31,430 30,136 232 . . . 1,062 32,004 31,112 834 58 -574 12,324

1993............. 32,301 31,185 281 . . . 835 35,662 34,613 966 83 -3,361 8,963

1994............. 52,841 51,373 311 . . . 1,157 38,879 37,744 1,029 106 13,962 22,925

1995............. 56,696 54,401 341 -203 2,158 42,055 40,923 1,064 68 14,641 37,566

1996............. 60,710 57,325 373 . . . 3,012 45,351 44,189 1,160 2 15,359 52,924

1997............. 60,499 56,037 470 . . . 3,992 47,034 45,695 1,280 59 13,465 66,389

1998............. 64,357 58,966 558 . . . 4,832 49,931 48,207 1,567 157 14,425 80,815

1999............. 69,541 63,203 661 . . . 5,677 53,035 51,381 1,519 135 16,507 97,321

2000............. 77,920 71,093 721 -836 6,942 56,782 54,983 1,639 159 21,138 118,459
4.A OASDI: Trust Funds

CONTACT: Jeff Kunkel (410) 965-3013 for further information.

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 153

Table 4.A3.—Combined OASI and DI, 1957–2000

[In millions]

Calendar

year

Receipts Expenditures Assets

Total

Net

 contributions 1

 1 Beginning in 1983, includes transfers from the general fund of the Treasury representing contributions that would have been paid on deemed wage credits for military 

service in 1957 and later, if such credits were considered to be covered wages.

Income

from

taxation

 of benefits

Payments

from the

general

 fund of the

Treasury 2

 2 Includes payments (1) in 1947–51 and in 1966 and later, for costs of noncontributory wage credits for military service performed before 1957; (2) in 1971–1982, for costs of 

deemed wage credits for military service performed after 1956; and (3) in 1968 and later, for costs of benefits to certain uninsured persons who attained age 72 before 1968.

Net

interest 3

 3 Net interest includes net profits or losses on marketable investments. Beginning in 1967, administrative expenses are charged to the trust fund on an estimated basis, with 

a final adjustment, including interest, made in the following fiscal year. The amounts of these interest adjustments are included in net interest. Beginning in October 1973, the 

figures shown include relatively small amounts of gifts to the fund. Figures for 1983–1986 reflect payments from a borrowing trust fund to a lending trust fund for interest on 

amounts owed under the interfund borrowing provisions. During 1983–1990, interest paid from the trust fund to the general fund of the Treasury on advance tax transfers is 

reflected. For the OASI trust fund, the amount shown for 1985 includes an interest adjustment of $88 million on unnegotiated checks issued before April 1985. For the OASI and 

DI trust funds, combined, the amount shown for 1985 includes an interest adjustment of $102.8 million on unnegotiated checks issued before April 1985.

Total

Benefit

payments 4

 4 Beginning in 1966, includes payments for vocational rehabilitation services furnished to disabled persons receiving benefits because of their disabilities. Beginning in 1983, 

amounts are reduced by amount of reimbursement for unnegotiated benefit checks.

Administrative

expenses

Transfers to

Railroad

Retirement

program

Net

 increase

 during year

Amount

at end

of period

1957............. $8,090 $7,527 . . . . . . $563 $7,567 $7,404 $164 -$2 $523 $23,042

1958............. 9,108 8,531 . . . . . . 577 8,907 8,576 207 124 201 23,243

1959............. 9,516 8,943 . . . . . . 572 10,793 10,298 234 260 -1,277 21,966

1960............. 12,445 11,876 . . . . . . 569 11,798 11,245 240 314 647 22,613

1961............. 12,937 12,323 . . . . . . 614 13,388 12,749 303 337 -451 22,162

1962............. 13,699 13,105 . . . . . . 594 15,156 14,461 322 372 -1,457 20,705

1963............. 16,227 15,640 . . . . . . 587 16,217 15,427 348 442 10 20,715

1964............. 17,476 16,843 . . . . . . 633 17,020 16,223 375 422 456 21,172

1965............. 17,857 17,205 . . . . . . 651 19,187 18,311 418 459 -1,331 19,841

1966............. 23,381 22,585 . . . $94 702 20,913 20,051 393 469 2,467 22,308

1967............. 26,413 25,424 . . . 94 896 22,471 21,417 515 539 3,942 26,250

1968............. 28,493 27,034 . . . 414 1,045 26,015 24,954 603 458 2,479 28,729

1969............. 33,346 31,546 . . . 458 1,342 27,892 26,767 612 513 5,453 34,182

1970............. 36,993 34,737 . . . 465 1,791 33,108 31,884 635 589 3,886 38,068

1971............. 40,908 38,343 . . . 538 2,027 38,542 37,197 719 626 2,366 40,434

1972............. 45,622 42,888 . . . 526 2,208 43,281 41,625 907 749 2,341 42,775

1973............. 54,787 51,907 . . . 494 2,386 53,148 51,508 837 802 1,639 44,414

1974............. 62,066 58,907 . . . 499 2,660 60,593 58,581 1,082 931 1,472 45,886

1975............. 67,640 64,259 . . . 515 2,866 69,184 67,022 1,152 1,010 -1,544 44,342

1976............. 75,034 71,595 . . . 717 2,722 78,242 75,759 1,244 1,239 -3,209 41,133

1977............. 81,982 78,710 . . . 741 2,531 87,254 84,667 1,379 1,208 -5,272 35,861

1978............. 91,903 88,883 . . . 757 2,264 96,018 92,960 1,440 1,618 -4,115 31,746

1979............. 105,864 103,034 . . . 675 2,155 107,320 104,359 1,483 1,477 -1,456 30,291

1980............. 119,712 116,711 . . . 670 2,330 123,550 120,598 1,522 1,430 -3,838 26,453

1981............. 142,438 139,364 . . . 843 2,231 144,352 140,995 1,743 1,614 -1,914 24,539

1982............. 147,913 145,667 . . . 854 1,391 160,111 156,182 2,109 1,820 5239

 5 Amount equals total receipts less total expenditures, plus amounts borrowed or less amounts repaid under interfund borrowing provisions.

24,778

1983............. 171,266 156,328 . . . 6,662 8,276 171,177 166,745 2,153 2,279 89 24,867

1984............. 186,637 180,067 $3,025 105 3,440 180,429 175,739 2,264 2,426 6,208 31,075

1985............. 203,540 194,149 3,430 3,220 2,741 190,628 186,075 2,200 2,353 5 11,088 42,163

1986............. 216,833 209,140 3,662 160 3,871 201,522 196,667 2,202 2,653 5 4,698 46,861

1987............. 231,039 222,425 3,221 55 5,338 209,093 204,106 2,373 2,614 21,946 68,807

1988............. 263,469 251,814 3,445 43 8,168 222,514 217,149 2,513 2,851 40,955 109,762

1989............. 289,448 274,189 2,534 34 12,692 236,242 230,882 2,427 2,934 53,206 162,968

1990............. 315,443 296,070 4,992 -2,864 17,245 253,135 247,816 2,270 3,049 62,309 225,277

1991............. 329,676 301,711 6,054 19 21,892 274,205 268,162 2,587 3,457 55,471 280,747

1992............. 342,591 311,128 6,084 14 25,365 291,865 285,995 2,664 3,206 50,726 331,473

1993............. 355,578 322,090 5,616 10 27,862 308,766 302,368 2,963 3,435 46,812 378,285

1994............. 381,111 344,695 5,306 7 31,103 323,011 316,812 2,674 3,526 58,100 436,385

1995............. 399,497 359,021 5,831 -332 34,977 339,815 332,554 3,141 4,120 59,683 496,068

1996............. 424,451 378,881 6,844 7 38,718 353,569 347,050 2,962 3,556 70,883 566,950

1997............. 457,668 405,984 7,896 2 43,787 369,108 361,952 3,409 3,747 88,560 655,510

1998............. 489,204 430,174 9,707 1 49,323 382,255 374,969 3,467 3,819 106,950 762,460

1999............. 526,582 459,556 11,559 (6)

 6 Less than $500,000.

55,466 392,908 385,765 3,328 3,816 133,673 896,133

2000............. 568,433 492,484 12,314 -836 64,471 415,121 407,635 3,788 3,698 153,312 1,049,445

Footnotes to tables 4.A1 and 4.A3
4.A OASDI: Trust Funds

CONTACT: Jeff Kunkel (410) 965-3013 for further information.

154 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Table 4.A4.—Total annual benefits paid, by type of benefit and trust fund, and as percent of personal income, 1937–2000

[Amounts in millions]

Year

Total

 benefits

Cash benefits1

 1 Unnegotiated checks not deducted.

Service benefits Rehabilitation services 2

 2 Vocational rehabilitation services to disabled workers and disabled children under the 1965 Amendments to the Social Security Act and to disabled widows and widowers 

under the 1967 Amendments to the Social Security Act.

Personal

income 3

 3 Data from Bureau of Economic Analysis. Figures subject to revision.

Total benefits

as percent of

 personal income

Old-Age and

Survivors

 Insurance 4

 4 For 1937–1939, refunds and lump-sum death payments under the Social Security Act of 1935.

Disability

 Insurance

Hospital

 Insurance

Supplementary

Medical

 Insurance

Old-Age and

Survivors

 Insurance

Disability

 Insurance

1937.................. $1 $1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $74,300 (5)

 5 Less than 0.05 percent.

1938.................. 10 10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68,600 (5)

1939.................. 14 14 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73,100 (5)

1940.................. 35 35 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78,600 (5)

1941.................. 88 88 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96,300 0.1

1942.................. 131 131 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123,800 .1

1943.................. 166 166 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152,400 .1

1944.................. 209 209 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 166,300 .1

1945.................. 274 274 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171,900 .2

1946.................. 378 378 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179,500 .2

1947.................. 466 466 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192,100 .2

1948.................. 556 556 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211,100 .3

1949.................. 667 667 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208,200 .3

1950.................. 961 961 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 229,900 .4

1951.................. 1,885 1,885 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 258,700 .7

1952.................. 2,194 2,194 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 276,100 .8

1953.................. 3,006 3,006 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 292,600 1.0

1954.................. 3,670 3,670 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 295,200 1.2

1955.................. 4,968 4,968 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 316,800 1.6

1956.................. 5,715 5,715 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 340,000 1.7

1957.................. 7,404 7,347 $57 . . . . . . . . . . . . 359,300 2.1

1958.................. 8,576 8,327 249 . . . . . . . . . . . . 370,000 2.3

1959.................. 10,298 9,842 457 . . . . . . . . . . . . 394,000 2.6

1960.................. 11,245 10,677 568 . . . . . . . . . . . . 412,700 2.7

1961.................. 12,749 11,862 887 . . . . . . . . . . . . 430,300 3.0

1962.................. 14,461 13,356 1,105 . . . . . . . . . . . . 457,900 3.2

1963.................. 15,427 14,217 1,210 . . . . . . . . . . . . 481,000 3.2

1964.................. 16,223 14,914 1,309 . . . . . . . . . . . . 515,800 3.1

1965.................. 18,311 16,737 1,573 . . . . . . . . . . . . 557,400 3.3

1966.................. 21,070 18,267 1,781 $891 $128 (6)

 6 Less than $500,000.

$3 606,400 3.5

1967.................. 25,967 19,468 1,939 3,353 1,197 (6) 11 650,400 4.0

1968.................. 30,651 22,642 2,294 4,179 1,518 $1 16 714,500 4.3

1969.................. 33,371 24,209 2,542 4,739 1,865 1 15 780,800 4.3

1970.................. 38,982 28,796 3,067 5,124 1,975 2 18 841,100 4.6

1971.................. 45,065 33,413 3,758 5,751 2,117 2 24 905,100 5.0

1972.................. 50,269 37,122 4,473 6,318 2,325 2 29 994,300 5.1

1973.................. 61,091 45,741 5,718 7,057 2,526 3 46 1,113,400 5.5

1974.................. 70,996 51,618 6,903 9,099 3,318 5 54 1,225,600 5.8

1975.................. 82,611 58,509 8,414 11,315 4,273 9 91 1,331,700 6.2

1976.................. 94,180 65,699 9,966 13,340 5,080 6 89 1,475,400 6.4

1977.................. 106,443 73,113 11,463 15,737 6,038 8 84 1,637,100 6.5

1978.................. 117,894 80,352 12,513 17,682 7,252 9 86 1,848,300 6.4

1979.................. 133,691 90,556 13,708 20,623 8,708 18 78 2,081,500 6.4

1980.................. 156,298 105,074 15,437 25,064 10,635 8 78 2,323,900 6.7

1981.................. 184,450 123,795 17,199 30,342 13,113 8 -8 2,599,400 7.1

1982.................. 207,268 138,800 17,338 35,631 15,455 6 38 2,768,400 7.5

1983.................. 224,524 149,502 17,530 39,337 18,106 6 42 2,946,900 7.6

1984.................. 238,682 157,862 17,900 43,257 19,661 (6) 1 3,274,800 7.3

1985.................. 256,723 167,360 18,836 47,580 22,947 (6) (6) 3,515,000 7.3

1986.................. 272,698 176,845 19,847 49,758 26,239 . . . 9 3,712,400 7.3

1987.................. 284,487 183,644 20,512 49,496 30,820 . . . 16 3,962.500 7.2

1988.................. 303,717 195,522 21,692 52,517 33,970 . . . 16 4,272,100 7.1

1989.................. 329,193 207,977 22,873 60,011 38,294 . . . 38 4,599.800 7.2

1990.................. 356,536 222,993 24,803 66,239 42,468 . . . 32 4,903.200 7.3

1991.................. 386,912 240,436 27,662 71,549 47,229 . . . 36 5,085,400 7.6

1992.................. 419,325 254,939 31,091 83,895 49,367 . . . 33 5,390,400 7.8

1993.................. 449,896 267,804 34,598 93,487 53,979 . . . 28 5,610,000 8.0

1994.................. 478,775 279,118 37,717 103,282 58,618 . . . 40 5,888,000 8.1

1995.................. 513,959 291,682 40,898 116,368 64,972 . . . 39 6,200,900 8.3

1996.................. 544,350 302,914 44,174 128,632 68,598 . . . 31 6,547,400 8.3

1997.................. 572,542 316,311 45,659 137,762 72,757 . . . 53 6,937,000 8.3

1998.................. 585,156 326,817 48,173 133,990 76,125 . . . 51 7,391,000 7.9

1999.................. 595,326 334,437 51,331 128,766 80,724 . . . 68 7,789,600 7.6

2000.................. 625,060 352,706 54,938 128,458 88,893 . . . 63 8,281,700 7.5
4.A OASDI: Trust Funds

CONTACT: Jeff Kunkel (410) 965-3013 for further information.

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 155

Table 4.A5.—Total annual benefits1 paid from OASI trust fund, by type of benefit, 1937–2000

[In millions]

 1 Type of benefit estimated. Unnegotiated checks not deducted.

Year Total

Benefits paid to—

Lump-sum

death

Total payments

Retired workers and dependents Survivors

Special

age-72

benefiTotal ciariesRetired

 workers

Wives

and

 husbands Children Total Children

Widowed

mothers

and fathers

Widows

and

 widowers Parents

1937........ $1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $1

1938........ 10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

1939........ 14 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

1940........ 35 $24 $17 $15 $2 (2)

 2 Less than $500,000.

$6 $3 $2 (2) (2) . . . 9

1941........ 88 75 51 44 7 $1 24 13 8 $2 (2) . . . 13

1942........ 131 116 76 65 10 1 40 21 13 5 (2) . . . 15

1943........ 166 148 93 79 13 1 55 29 16 9 $1 . . . 18

1944........ 209 187 113 97 16 1 73 39 20 14 1 . . . 22

1945........ 274 248 148 126 21 2 100 52 27 20 1 . . . 26

1946........ 378 350 222 189 31 2 128 66 32 28 1 . . . 28

1947........ 466 437 288 245 40 3 149 77 34 37 2 . . . 29

1948........ 556 524 352 300 49 4 172 86 36 48 2 . . . 32

1949........ 667 634 437 373 60 5 197 95 39 60 2 . . . 33

1950........ 961 928 651 557 88 6 277 135 49 89 3 . . . 33

1951........ 1,885 1,828 1,321 1,135 175 11 507 260 82 156 9 . . . 57

1952........ 2,194 2,131 1,539 1,328 200 12 592 298 92 191 10 . . . 63

1953........ 3,006 2,919 2,175 1,884 275 16 744 369 114 248 12 . . . 87

1954........ 3,670 3,578 2,698 2,340 338 21 880 430 133 304 13 . . . 92

1955........ 4,968 4,855 3,748 3,253 466 29 1,108 532 163 396 16 . . . 113

1956........ 5,715 5,605 4,361 3,793 536 33 1,244 581 177 469 17 . . . 109

1957........ 7,347 7,209 5,688 4,888 756 43 1,521 651 198 653 19 . . . 139

1958........ 8,327 8,194 6,474 5,567 851 56 1,720 720 223 757 20 . . . 133

1959........ 9,842 9,670 7,607 6,548 982 77 2,063 855 263 921 25 . . . 171

1960........ 10,677 10,512 8,196 7,053 1,051 92 2,316 945 286 1,057 28 . . . 164

1961........ 11,862 11,690 9,032 7,802 1,124 106 2,659 1,080 316 1,232 31 . . . 171

1962........ 13,356 13,173 10,162 8,813 1,216 134 3,011 1,171 336 1,470 34 . . . 183

1963........ 14,217 14,011 10,795 9,391 1,258 146 3,216 1,222 348 1,612 34 . . . 206

1964........ 14,914 14,698 11,281 9,854 1,277 150 3,416 1,275 354 1,754 33 . . . 216

1965........ 16,737 16,521 12,542 10,984 1,383 175 3,979 1,515 388 2,041 35 . . . 217

1966........ 18,267 18,030 13,373 11,727 1,429 216 4,613 1,812 415 2,351 35 $44 237

1967........ 19,468 19,215 14,049 12,372 1,456 221 4,854 1,855 420 2,545 34 313 252

1968........ 22,642 22,373 16,204 14,278 1,673 253 5,839 2,207 478 3,117 37 330 269

1969........ 24,209 23,917 17,395 15,385 1,750 260 6,219 2,322 490 3,371 36 303 291

1970........ 28,796 28,503 20,770 18,438 2,029 303 7,428 2,760 574 4,055 39 305 294

1971........ 33,413 33,107 24,219 21,544 2,323 352 8,602 3,168 630 4,763 41 285 306

1972........ 37,122 36,802 27,057 24,143 2,532 382 9,482 3,433 679 5,326 43 263 320

1973........ 45,741 45,412 32,793 29,336 3,000 457 12,356 4,002 801 7,505 48 264 329

1974........ 51,618 51,291 37,211 33,369 3,309 533 13,843 4,399 898 8,497 49 237 327

1975........ 58,509 58,172 42,432 38,079 3,719 634 15,544 4,888 1,009 9,597 50 196 337

1976........ 65,699 65,366 47,936 43,083 4,117 736 17,257 5,336 1,113 10,757 51 174 332

1977........ 73,113 72,801 53,575 48,186 4,559 830 19,070 5,759 1,191 12,068 52 157 312

1978........ 80,352 80,008 59,159 53,255 4,983 921 20,707 6,093 1,284 13,278 51 142 344

1979........ 90,556 90,216 66,947 60,379 5,554 1,014 23,140 6,608 1,409 15,071 52 128 340

1980........ 105,074 104,678 77,905 70,358 6,405 1,142 26,654 7,389 1,572 17,638 55 119 394

1981........ 123,795 123,463 92,478 83,614 7,543 1,321 30,875 8,307 1,760 20,749 58 110 332

1982........ 138,800 138,596 104,885 95,123 8,539 1,223 33,612 8,204 1,861 23,488 59 100 203

1983........ 149,502 149,297 114,048 103,578 9,328 1,143 35,164 7,911 1,771 25,425 56 85 205

1984........ 157,862 157,651 120,952 109,957 9,860 1,135 36,628 7,775 1,474 27,325 53 71 212

1985........ 167,360 167,152 128,479 116,823 10,517 1,140 38,616 7,762 1,474 29,330 51 57 207

1986........ 176,845 176,642 135,902 123,584 11,152 1,166 40,693 7,843 1,457 31,345 48 47 203

1987........ 183,644 183,441 141,293 128,513 11,598 1,183 42,112 7,846 1,388 32,833 44 36 203

1988........ 195,522 195,314 150,498 136,987 12,292 1,219 44,787 8,120 1,392 35,233 43 29 208

1989........ 207,977 207,770 160,331 146,027 13,054 1,249 47,418 8,254 1,401 37,723 41 21 206

1990........ 222,993 222,787 172,025 156,756 13,953 1,316 50,746 8,564 1,437 40,705 39 16 206

1991........ 240,436 240,234 185,533 169,142 14,986 1,405 54,689 9,022 1,490 44,139 38 12 202

1992........ 254,939 254,734 196,676 179,372 15,810 1,494 58,049 9,431 1,521 47,060 37 9 206

1993........ 267,804 267,590 206,359 188,440 16,356 1,563 61,225 9,897 1,547 49,746 36 6 214

1994........ 279,118 278,898 214,891 196,400 16,854 1,637 64,003 10,293 1,551 52,124 34 4 220

1995........ 291,682 291,464 224,378 205,315 17,348 1,715 67,083 10,717 1,573 54,761 32 3 218

1996........ 302,914 302,697 232,937 213,423 17,715 1,799 69,759 11,217 1,486 57,025 31 1 218

1997........ 316,311 316,095 243,590 223,554 18,154 1,882 72,505 11,660 1,466 59,349 30 1 216

1998........ 326,817 326,599 252,659 232,324 18,395 1,940 73,940 11,936 1,435 60,540 29 (2) 218

1999........ 334,437 334,222 258,885 238,478 18,415 1,992 75,336 12,125 1,415 61,769 27 (2) 216

2000........ 352,706 352,492 274,645 253,542 18,969 2,133 77,848 12,532 1,406 63,884 26 (2) 214
4.A OASDI: Trust Funds

CONTACT: Jeff Kunkel (410) 965-3013 for further information.

156 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Table 4.A6.—Total annual benefits1 paid from DI trust fund, by type of benefit, 1957–2000

[In millions]

 1 Type of benefit estimated. Unnegotiated checks not deducted.

Year Total

Benefits paid to—

Disabled workers Wives and husbands Children

1957....................................................................................... $57 $57 . . . . . .

1958....................................................................................... 249 246 $1 $1

1959....................................................................................... 457 390 29 38

1960....................................................................................... 568 489 32 48

1961....................................................................................... 887 724 54 109

1962....................................................................................... 1,105 888 68 149

1963....................................................................................... 1,210 965 73 172

1964....................................................................................... 1,309 1,044 79 186

1965....................................................................................... 1,573 1,246 95 232

1966....................................................................................... 1,781 1,394 108 280

1967....................................................................................... 1,939 1,519 113 307

1968....................................................................................... 2,294 1,804 131 360

1969....................................................................................... 2,542 2,014 139 389

1970....................................................................................... 3,067 2,448 165 454

1971....................................................................................... 3,758 3,028 192 539

1972....................................................................................... 4,473 3,626 224 623

1973....................................................................................... 5,718 4,676 281 760

1974....................................................................................... 6,903 5,662 320 920

1975....................................................................................... 8,414 6,908 385 1,121

1976....................................................................................... 9,966 8,190 447 1,328

1977....................................................................................... 11,463 9,456 505 1,503

1978....................................................................................... 12,513 10,315 541 1,657

1979....................................................................................... 13,708 11,333 581 1,794

1980....................................................................................... 15,437 12,816 638 1,983

1981....................................................................................... 17,199 14,379 684 2,136

1982....................................................................................... 17,338 14,811 652 1,875

1983....................................................................................... 17,530 15,196 607 1,728

1984....................................................................................... 17,900 15,623 536 1,741

1985....................................................................................... 18,836 16,483 545 1,809

1986....................................................................................... 19,847 17,409 547 1,890

1987....................................................................................... 20,512 18,053 532 1,926

1988....................................................................................... 21,692 19,165 529 1,999

1989....................................................................................... 22,873 20,314 523 2,036

1990....................................................................................... 24,803 22,113 531 2,159

1991....................................................................................... 27,662 24,738 550 2,374

1992....................................................................................... 31,091 27,856 572 2,663

1993....................................................................................... 34,598 30,913 572 3,112

1994....................................................................................... 37,717 33,711 579 3,428

1995....................................................................................... 40,898 36,610 577 3,711

1996....................................................................................... 44,174 39,625 515 4,034

1997....................................................................................... 45,659 41,083 479 4,098

1998....................................................................................... 48,173 43,467 457 4,249

1999....................................................................................... 51,331 46,459 433 4,439

2000....................................................................................... 54,938 49,848 421 4,670
4.B OASDI: Covered Workers

CONTACT: Greg Diez/William Kearns (410) 965-0153/6750 for further information.

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 157

Table 4.B1.—Workers, earnings, and Social Security numbers issued, 1937–2000

[Worker estimates based on 1-percent sample]

Year

Workers reported with taxable earnings 1

(in thousands)

 1 Relates to wage and salary workers for 1937–1950. Beginning in 1951, includes self-employment. See table 2.A3 for annual maximum taxable earnings.

Earnings

Social

Security

numbers

issued 2

(in thousands)

 2 Excludes railroad account numbers. Since program began, 402 million Social Security numbers have been issued. (Some individuals have been issued more than 

one number.)

Total

With

maximum

earnings

New

entrants

into

covered

employment 3

 3 Workers reported with first taxable earnings under program in specified year. During 1937–1998, 295.1 million different persons reported with taxable earnings.

Total in

covered

employment 4

(in millions)

 4 Total wages, including estimated amounts above taxable limit, for 1937–1950. Beginning in 1951, also includes reported total net earnings of self-employed persons.

Reported taxable 1 Average per worker

Amount

(in millions)

Percent

of total

Total

earnings 4 Reported

taxable

1937......................... 32,900 1,031 32,900 $32,200 $29,620 92.0 $979 $900 37,139

1940......................... 35,390 1,196 4,430 35,700 32,970 92.4 1,009 932 5,227

1945......................... 46,390 6,361 3,480 71,600 62,950 87.9 1,543 1,357 3,321

1950......................... 48,280 13,936 2,520 109,800 87,500 79.7 2,274 1,812 2,891

1951......................... 58,120 14,270 6,000 148,900 120,770 81.1 2,562 2,078 4,927

1952......................... 59,580 16,606 3,500 159,900 128,640 80.5 2,684 2,159 4,363

1953......................... 60,840 19,013 3,090 173,000 135,870 78.5 2,844 2,233 3,464

1954......................... 59,610 18,866 2,360 171,900 133,520 77.7 2,884 2,240 2,743

1955......................... 65,200 16,704 4,760 196,100 157,540 80.3 3,008 2,416 4,323

1956......................... 67,610 19,236 3,660 216,800 170,720 78.8 3,207 2,525 4,376

1957......................... 70,590 21,095 3,380 233,900 181,380 77.5 3,314 2,569 3,639

1958......................... 69,770 21,328 2,450 236,500 180,720 76.4 3,390 2,590 2,290

1959......................... 71,700 19,112 3,180 255,000 202,310 79.3 3,556 2,822 3,388

1960......................... 72,530 20,310 3,130 265,200 207,000 78.1 3,656 2,854 3,415

1961......................... 72,820 21,265 2,990 270,700 209,640 77.4 3,717 2,879 3,370

1962......................... 74,280 23,154 3,360 289,000 219,050 75.8 3,891 2,949 4,519

1963......................... 75,540 24,570 3,520 302,300 225,550 74.6 4,002 2,986 8,617

1964......................... 77,430 26,717 3,890 324,500 236,390 72.8 4,191 3,053 5,623

1965......................... 80,680 29,136 4,620 351,700 250,730 71.3 4,359 3,108 6,131

1966......................... 84,600 20,498 5,080 390,700 312,540 80.0 4,618 3,694 6,506

1967......................... 87,040 22,948 4,530 422,300 329,960 78.1 4,852 3,791 5,920

1968......................... 89,380 19,120 4,830 460,000 375,840 81.7 5,147 4,205 5,862

1969......................... 92,060 22,577 5,160 502,800 402,550 80.1 5,462 4,373 6,289

1970......................... 93,090 24,224 4,440 531,600 415,600 78.2 5,711 4,464 6,132

1971......................... 93,340 26,404 4,470 559,700 426,960 76.3 5,996 4,574 6,401

1972......................... 96,240 24,074 5,150 617,900 484,110 78.3 6,420 5,030 9,564

1973......................... 99,830 20,250 5,670 686,700 561,850 81.8 6,879 5,628 10,038

1974......................... 101,330 15,310 4,940 746,700 636,760 85.3 7,369 6,284 7,998

1975......................... 100,200 15,070 4,120 787,600 664,660 84.4 7,860 6,633 8,164

1976......................... 102,600 15,330 4,700 874,700 737,700 84.3 8,525 7,190 9,043

1977......................... 105,800 15,700 5,070 960,100 816,550 85.0 9,075 7,718 7,724

1978......................... 110,600 17,050 5,460 1,092,600 915,600 83.8 9,879 8,278 5,260

1979......................... 112,700 11,236 4,883 1,222,200 1,067,000 87.3 10,845 9,468 5,213

1980......................... 113,000 9,903 4,243 1,328,800 1,180,700 88.9 11,759 10,449 5,984

1981......................... 113,000 8,594 4,090 1,450,900 1,294,100 89.2 12,840 11,452 5,581

1982......................... 111,800 7,929 3,408 1,516,600 1,365,300 90.0 13,565 12,212 5,362

1983......................... 112,100 7,044 3,914 1,615,200 1,454,100 90.0 14,409 12,971 6,699

1984......................... 116,300 7,421 4,743 1,800,800 1,608,800 89.3 15,484 13,833 5,980

1985......................... 119,800 7,766 4,756 1,936,800 1,722,600 88.9 16,167 14,379 5,720

1986......................... 122,900 7,624 4,641 2,081,800 1,844,400 88.6 16,939 15,007 5,711

1987......................... 125,600 7,735 4,956 2,237,000 1,960,000 87.6 17,811 15,605 11,621

1988......................... 129,600 8,483 5,489 2,432,800 2,088,400 85.8 18,772 16,114 11,370

1989......................... 131,700 8,110 4,856 2,578,700 2,239,500 86.8 19,580 17,005 8,049

1990......................... 133,600 7,575 4,012 2,703,800 2,358,000 87.2 20,238 17,650 9,054

1991......................... 133,000 7,483 3,541 2,760,500 2,422,500 87.8 20,756 18,214 7,509

1992......................... 134,000 7,667 3,918 2,917,800 2,532,900 86.8 21,775 18,902 6,819

1993......................... 136,100 7,617 4,204 3,022,900 2,636,100 87.2 22,211 19,369 5,893

1994......................... 138,200 7,518 4,591 3,197,000 2,785,200 87.1 23,133 20,153 5,816

1995......................... 141,000 8,191 4,621 3,401,800 2,919,100 85.8 24,126 20,703 5,465

1996 5.......................

 5 Preliminary data.

 143,500 8,693 4,617 3,602,500 3,073,700 85.3 25,105 21,420 5,533

1997 5 ...................... 146,300 9,052 4,702 3,879,600 3,285,500 84.7 26,518 22,457 5,413

1998 5 ...................... 149,100 9,226 4,871 4,174,700 3,515,600 84.2 27,999 23,579 5,288

1999 6.......................

 6 Taxable earnings are preliminary estimates based on Social Security data; employment and total covered earnings are preliminary estimates based on data from 

Bureau of Labor Statistics and the National Income and Product Accounts.

 151,200 7(7)

 7 Data not available.

(7) 4,463,200 3,736,400 83.7 29,519 24,712 5,306

2000 8.......................

 8 Preliminary estimates based on data from Bureau of Labor Statistics and the National Income and Product Accounts.

 152,900 (7) (7) 4,772,500 3,982,700 83.5 31,213 26,048 5,476
4.B OASDI: Covered Workers 

CONTACT: Greg Diez/William Kearns (410) 965-0153/6750 for further information.

158 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Table 4.B2.—Number and amount of earnings for wage and salary and self-employed workers, 1951–2000

[Worker estimates based on 1-percent sample. See table 4.B1 for wage and salary data before 1951]

Year

Workers reported with

taxable earnings 1 

(in thousands)

 1 Represents total number in specified type of employment. Persons with both types of covered employment during the year are included in each type.

Earnings

Wage and salary Self-employment

Total in

covered

employment 2

(in millions)

 2 Total wages, including estimated amounts above the taxable limit.

Reported taxable Average per worker Total in

covered

employment 3

(in millions)

 3 Reported self-employment net earnings.

Reported taxable

Average per selfemployed person

Wage and

salary

employment

SelfemploymentAmount 4

(in millions)

 4 See table 2.A3 for annual maximum taxable earnings.

Percent

of total

wages

Total

wages 2 Reported

taxable 4 Amount 4

(in millions)

Percent of

total selfemploymentTotal

earnings 3 Reported

taxable 4

1951......... 54,630 4,190 $132,500 $111,250 84.0 $2,425 $2,036 $16,400 $9,520 58.0 $3,914 $2,272

1952......... 56,060 4,240 143,500 118,880 82.8 2,560 2,121 16,400 9,760 59.5 3,868 2,302

1953......... 57,220 4,340 156,000 125,840 80.7 2,726 2,199 17,000 10,030 59.0 3,917 2,311

1954......... 55,940 4,350 155,100 123,410 79.6 2,773 2,206 16,800 10,110 60.2 3,862 2,324

1955......... 59,560 6,810 171,600 141,810 82.6 2,881 2,381 24,500 15,730 64.2 3,598 2,310

1956......... 61,560 7,390 188,500 153,010 81.2 3,062 2,486 28,300 17,710 62.6 3,829 2,396

1957......... 64,730 7,150 205,500 163,990 79.8 3,175 2,533 28,400 17,390 61.2 3,972 2,432

1958......... 64,040 7,130 208,000 163,140 78.4 3,248 2,547 28,500 17,580 61.7 3,997 2,466

1959......... 66,000 7,060 225,100 183,620 81.6 3,411 2,782 29,900 18,690 62.5 4,235 2,647

1960......... 66,980 6,870 236,000 188,580 79.9 3,523 2,815 29,200 18,420 63.1 4,250 2,681

1961......... 67,360 6,790 240,700 190,850 79.3 3,573 2,833 30,000 18,790 62.6 4,418 2,767

1962......... 68,890 6,720 257,700 200,130 77.7 3,741 2,905 31,300 18,920 60.4 4,658 2,815

1963......... 70,310 6,590 270,600 206,840 76.4 3,849 2,942 31,700 18,710 59.0 4,810 2,839

1964......... 72,230 6,480 290,900 217,430 74.7 4,027 3,010 33,600 18,960 56.4 5,185 2,926

1965......... 75,430 6,550 311,400 230,830 74.1 4,128 3,060 40,300 19,900 49.4 6,153 3,038

1966......... 79,460 6,630 346,700 287,860 83.0 4,363 3,623 44,000 24,680 56.1 6,637 3,722

1967......... 82,020 6,470 377,500 305,670 81.0 4,603 3,727 44,800 24,290 54.2 6,924 3,754

1968......... 84,470 6,570 413,600 348,500 84.3 4,896 4,126 46,400 27,340 58.9 7,062 4,161

1969......... 87,200 6,350 455,700 375,010 82.3 5,226 4,301 47,100 27,540 58.5 7,417 4,337

1970......... 88,180 6,270 483,600 388,680 80.4 5,484 4,408 48,000 26,920 56.1 7,656 4,293

1971......... 88,460 6,290 509,000 399,550 78.5 5,754 4,517 50,700 27,410 54.1 8,060 4,358

1972......... 91,220 6,600 563,300 452,050 80.3 6,175 4,956 54,600 32,060 58.7 8,273 4,858

1973......... 94,610 7,100 624,400 523,450 83.8 6,600 5,533 62,300 38,400 61.6 8,775 5,408

1974......... 96,190 7,040 681,600 594,400 87.2 7,086 6,179 65,200 42,360 65.0 9,261 6,017

1975......... 94,900 7,000 717,200 621,100 86.6 7,557 6,545 70,400 43,560 61.9 10,057 6,223

1976......... 97,230 7,400 797,200 689,200 86.4 8,199 7,088 76,800 48,500 63.2 10,378 6,554

1977......... 100,450 7,480 879,500 763,600 86.8 8,935 7,602 80,600 52,950 65.7 10,775 7,079

1978......... 104,810 8,040 998,900 856,100 85.7 9,531 8,168 93,700 59,500 63.5 11,654 7,400

1979......... 106,900 8,200 1,122,000 997,500 88.9 10,496 9,331 100,200 69,500 69.4 12,220 8,476

1980......... 107,200 8,200 1,231,000 1,109,000 90.1 11,483 10,345 97,800 71,700 73.3 11,927 8,744

1981......... 107,300 8,250 1,352,000 1,220,000 90.2 12,600 11,370 98,900 74,100 74.9 11,988 8,982

1982......... 105,800 8,550 1,418,000 1,290,000 91.0 13,403 12,193 98,600 75,300 76.4 11,532 8,807

1983......... 105,900 9,200 1,502,000 1,369,000 91.1 14,183 12,927 113,200 85,100 75.2 12,304 9,250

1984......... 109,900 9,900 1,671,500 1,515,000 90.6 15,209 13,785 129,300 93,800 72.5 13,061 9,475

1985......... 113,100 10,600 1,794,500 1,621,000 90.3 15,866 14,332 142,300 101,600 71.4 13,425 9,585

1986......... 115,900 11,200 1,921,000 1,730,800 90.1 16,575 14,934 160,800 113,600 70.6 14,357 10,143

1987......... 118,200 12,000 2,057,100 1,835,100 89.2 17,404 15,525 179,900 124,900 69.4 14,992 10,408

1988......... 122,100 12,400 2,224,700 1,952,000 87.7 18,220 15,987 208,100 136,400 65.5 16,782 11,000

1989......... 123,900 12,900 2,367,800 2,096,000 88.5 19,111 16,917 210,900 143,500 68.0 16,349 11,124

1990......... 126,100 12,500 2,510,000 2,222,000 88.5 19,905 17,621 193,800 136,000 70.2 15,504 10,880

1991......... 125,200 12,800 2,565,000 2,283,000 89.0 20,487 18,235 195,500 139,500 71.4 15,273 10,898

1992......... 126,000 13,100 2,711,000 2,386,000 88.0 21,516 18,937 206,800 146,600 71.0 15,786 11,214

1993......... 128,100 13,200 2,808,900 2,483,400 88.4 21,927 19,386 214,000 152,700 71.4 16,212 11,568

1994......... 130,100 13,300 2,964,100 2,624,500 88.5 22,783 20,173 232,900 160,700 69.0 17,511 12,083

1995......... 132,800 13,500 3,159,100 2,754,300 87.2 23,788 20,740 242,700 164,800 67.9 17,978 12,207

1996 5 ......

 5 Preliminary data. 

 135,100 13,900 3,346,800 2,902,000 86.7 24,773 21,480 255,700 171,700 67.1 18,396 12,353

1997 5 ...... 137,700 14,200 3,608,200 3,105,400 86.1 26,203 22,552 271,400 180,100 66.4 19,113 12,683

1998 5 ...... 140,400 14,400 3,885,100 3,325,800 85.6 27,672 23,688 289,600 189,800 65.5 20,111 13,181

1999 6 ......

 6 Taxable earnings are preliminary estimates based on Social Security data; employment and total covered earnings are preliminary estimates based on data from 

Bureau of Labor Statistics and the National Income and Product Accounts.

 142,400 14,600 4,158,600 3,536,000 85.0 29,204 24,831 304,600 200,400 65.8 20,863 13,726

2000 7 ......

 7 Preliminary estimates based on data from Bureau of Labor Statistics and the National Income and Product Accounts.

 144,200 14,600 4,446,500 3,770,400 84.8 30,836 26,147 326,000 212,300 65.1 22,329 14,541
4.B OASDI: Covered Workers

CONTACT: Greg Diez/William Kearns (410) 965-0153/6750 for further information.

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 159

Table 4.B3.—Number of workers and median annual earnings, by type of worker and sex, 1937–1998

[Based on 1-percent sample]

Year

All workers All wage and salary workers All self-employed workers 1 

 1 Not covered before 1951.

Total Men Women Total Men Women Total Men Women

Number (in thousands)

1937............................................ 32,900 23,810 9,090 32,900 23,810 9,090 . . . . . . . . .

1940............................................ 35,390 25,570 9,820 35,390 25,570 9,820 . . . . . . . . .

1945............................................ 46,390 28,820 17,570 46,390 28,820 17,570 . . . . . . . . .

1950............................................ 48,280 32,620 15,660 48,280 32,620 15,660 . . . . . . . . .

1955............................................ 65,200 43,140 22,060 59,560 38,240 21,320 6,810 5,980 830

1960............................................ 72,530 47,900 24,630 66,980 43,100 23,880 6,870 5,990 880

1965............................................ 80,680 51,990 28,690 75,430 47,500 27,930 6,550 5,640 910

1970............................................ 93,090 57,330 35,760 88,180 53,180 35,000 6,270 5,370 900

1975............................................ 100,200 59,520 40,680 94,900 55,140 39,760 7,000 5,790 1,210

1980............................................ 113,000 64,288 48,712 107,200 59,751 47,449 8,200 6,407 1,793

1981............................................ 113,000 63,984 49,016 107,300 59,562 47,738 8,250 6,361 1,889

1982............................................ 111,800 63,089 48,711 105,800 58,557 47,243 8,550 6,443 2,107

1983............................................ 112,100 62,881 49,219 105,900 58,248 47,652 9,200 6,823 2,377

1984............................................ 116,300 64,700 51,600 109,900 60,009 49,891 9,900 7,196 2,704

1985............................................ 119,800 66,113 53,687 113,100 61,285 51,815 10,600 7,623 2,977

1986............................................ 122,900 67,412 55,488 115,900 62,398 53,502 11,200 7,932 3,268

1987............................................ 125,600 68,591 57,009 118,200 63,306 54,894 12,000 8,450 3,550

1988............................................ 129,600 70,596 59,004 122,100 65,270 56,830 12,400 8,630 3,770

1989............................................ 131,700 71,517 60,183 123,900 66,105 57,795 12,900 8,842 4,058

1990............................................ 133,600 72,291 61,309 126,100 67,064 59,036 12,500 8,526 3,974

1991............................................ 133,000 71,787 61,213 125,200 66,406 58,794 12,800 8,669 4,131

1992............................................ 134,000 72,016 61,984 126,000 66,543 59,457 13,100 8,797 4,303

1993............................................ 136,100 73,154 62,946 128,100 67,673 60,427 13,200 8,840 4,360

1994............................................ 138,200 73,989 64,211 130,100 68,481 61,619 13,300 8,840 4,460

1995............................................ 141,000 75,444 65,556 132,800 69,900 62,900 13,500 8,908 4,592

1996 2 .........................................

 2 Preliminary data.

 143,500 76,572 66,928 135,100 70,939 64,161 13,900 9,089 4,811

1997 2 ......................................... 146,300 77,916 68,384 137,700 72,215 65,485 14,200 9,199 5,001

1998 2 ......................................... 149,100 79,152 69,948 140,400 73,474 66,926 14,400 9,192 5,208

Median earnings 3 

 3 For all workers, medians relate to combined earnings from wage and salary employment and self-employment. For all wage and salary workers, medians relate to 

wages and salaries only.

1937............................................ $761 $945 $484 $761 $945 $484 . . . . . . . . .

1940............................................ 746 935 472 746 935 472 . . . . . . . . .

1945............................................ 1,159 1,654 770 1,159 1,654 770 . . . . . . . . .

1950............................................ 1,926 2,532 1,124 1,926 2,532 1,124 . . . . . . . . .

1955............................................ 2,438 3,315 1,351 2,383 3,348 1,338 $2,397 $2,550 $1,552

1960............................................ 2,894 3,879 1,679 2,833 3,875 1,676 2,903 3,129 1,695

1965............................................ 3,414 4,685 1,984 3,319 4,630 1,979 3,858 4,242 1,898

1970............................................ 4,375 6,180 2,735 4,317 6,173 2,770 5,104 5,683 2,360

1975............................................ 5,803 8,250 3,730 5,790 8,315 3,794 6,700 7,846 3,113

1980............................................ 8,549 11,963 6,012 8,612 12,166 6,106 8,699 10,572 4,133

1981............................................ 9,361 12,941 6,690 9,476 13,255 6,807 8,655 10,512 4,330

1982............................................ 9,924 13,318 7,232 10,109 13,726 7,390 8,175 10,139 4,333

1983............................................ 10,322 13,687 7,618 10,527 14,130 7,809 8,669 10,686 4,722

1984............................................ 10,757 14,360 7,878 11,094 15,062 8,088 9,302 11,684 5,113

1985............................................ 11,265 14,959 8,293 11,638 15,706 8,525 9,877 12,301 5,529

1986............................................ 11,831 15,579 8,796 12,064 16,025 9,019 10,424 12,908 6,152

1987............................................ 12,327 16,073 9,261 12,576 16,559 9,500 10,886 13,401 6,573

1988............................................ 12,825 16,613 9,753 13,086 17,055 9,992 11,478 14,090 7,036

1989............................................ 13,314 17,014 10,265 13,762 17,800 10,577 11,602 14,538 7,010

1990............................................ 13,898 17,582 10,837 14,432 18,483 11,199 11,220 14,097 6,898

1991............................................ 14,278 17,765 11,369 14,859 18,730 11,767 11,125 13,703 7,186

1992............................................ 14,739 18,208 11,842 15,386 19,292 12,268 11,392 13,966 7,452

1993............................................ 15,000 18,430 12,093 15,665 19,516 12,546 11,595 14,128 7,720

1994............................................ 15,560 19,249 12,422 16,010 19,969 12,807 12,051 14,737 8,002

1995............................................ 16,108 19,907 12,897 16,618 20,672 13,296 12,198 14,931 8,301

1996 2 ......................................... 16,706 20,699 13,371 17,250 21,499 13,799 12,490 15,289 8,639

1997 2 ......................................... 17,546 21,697 14,078 18,104 22,559 14,514 12,869 15,854 8,920

1998 2 ......................................... 18,376 22,766 14,765 18,933 23,604 15,205 13,220 16,324 9,253
4.B OASDI: Covered Workers 

CONTACT: Greg Diez/William Kearns (410) 965-0153/6750 for further information.

160 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Table 4.B4.—Percent of all workers and self-employed workers with total annual earnings below annual maximum 

taxable, by sex, 1937–1998

[Based on 1-percent sample]

Year

Annual

maximum

taxable

earnings

All workers 1 

 1 For 1937–1950, relates to wage and salary workers. Beginning in 1951, includes self-employed workers.

All self-employed workers

Total Men Women Total Men Women

1937........................................................ $3,000 96.9 95.8 99.7 . . . . . . . . .

1940........................................................ 3,000 96.6 95.4 99.7 . . . . . . . . .

1945........................................................ 3,000 86.3 78.6 98.9 . . . . . . . . .

1950........................................................ 3,000 71.1 59.9 94.6 . . . . . . . . .

1951........................................................ 3,600 75.5 64.6 96.7 65.4 62.6 83.3

1952........................................................ 3,600 72.1 60.0 95.4 64.1 61.2 83.5

1953........................................................ 3,600 68.8 55.5 93.8 62.9 59.5 83.1

1954........................................................ 3,600 68.4 55.4 93.0 62.6 58.8 82.8

1955........................................................ 4,200 74.4 63.4 95.9 74.0 72.3 86.3

1956........................................................ 4,200 71.6 59.7 94.5 71.2 69.1 86.0

1957........................................................ 4,200 70.1 58.7 93.1 69.6 67.2 85.5

1958........................................................ 4,200 69.4 58.4 91.8 68.8 66.3 85.7

1959........................................................ 4,800 73.3 62.7 94.3 72.0 69.6 88.0

1960........................................................ 4,800 72.0 60.9 93.5 71.6 69.2 87.7

1961........................................................ 4,800 70.8 59.6 92.4 70.3 67.8 86.9

1962........................................................ 4,800 68.8 57.1 91.1 67.9 65.3 85.3

1963........................................................ 4,800 67.5 55.5 90.0 66.3 63.4 85.3

1964........................................................ 4,800 65.5 53.1 88.5 63.8 60.5 84.4

1965........................................................ 4,800 63.9 51.0 87.3 59.5 55.8 82.5

1966........................................................ 6,600 75.8 64.4 95.6 68.3 65.0 88.4

1967........................................................ 6,600 73.6 61.5 94.2 66.7 63.2 87.5

1968........................................................ 7,800 78.6 68.0 96.3 70.3 67.2 89.7

1969........................................................ 7,800 75.5 62.8 96.0 68.3 65.0 89.1

1970........................................................ 7,800 74.0 61.8 93.5 67.8 64.3 88.3

1971........................................................ 7,800 71.7 59.1 91.7 66.7 63.3 86.2

1972........................................................ 9,000 75.0 62.9 93.9 68.8 65.0 89.7

1973........................................................ 10,800 79.7 68.9 96.2 71.1 67.4 91.0

1974........................................................ 13,200 84.9 76.2 97.8 75.7 72.1 94.0

1975........................................................ 14,100 84.9 76.4 97.5 77.8 74.4 93.9

1976........................................................ 15,300 85.1 76.3 97.5 78.6 75.1 94.3

1977........................................................ 16,500 85.2 76.3 97.5 79.3 75.8 94.1

1978........................................................ 17,700 84.6 75.4 97.1 79.3 75.6 94.0

1979........................................................ 22,900 90.0 83.6 98.6 84.3 81.3 95.9

1980........................................................ 25,900 91.2 85.5 98.8 86.9 84.2 96.6

1981........................................................ 29,700 92.4 87.4 99.0 89.4 87.1 97.2

1982........................................................ 32,400 92.9 88.3 98.9 91.0 88.8 97.7

1983........................................................ 35,700 93.7 89.6 99.0 92.0 90.0 97.7

1984........................................................ 37,800 93.6 89.4 98.9 91.8 89.7 97.6

1985........................................................ 39,600 93.5 89.3 98.8 92.0 89.8 97.5

1986........................................................ 42,000 93.8 89.7 98.7 92.3 90.2 97.5

1987........................................................ 43,800 93.9 89.9 98.6 92.5 90.4 97.5

1988........................................................ 45,000 93.5 89.4 98.3 91.7 89.4 97.1

1989........................................................ 48,000 93.8 90.1 98.3 92.4 90.1 97.3

1990........................................................ 51,300 94.3 90.9 98.4 93.3 91.3 97.7

1991........................................................ 53,400 94.4 91.1 98.3 93.6 91.6 97.7

1992........................................................ 55,500 94.3 91.0 98.1 93.6 91.7 97.6

1993........................................................ 57,600 94.4 91.3 98.1 93.7 91.9 97.4

1994........................................................ 60,600 94.6 91.4 98.1 93.9 92.0 97.5

1995........................................................ 61,200 94.2 91.0 97.9 93.9 92.0 97.5

1996 2 .....................................................

 2 Preliminary data.

 62,700 93.9 90.6 97.7 93.8 92.0 97.4

1997 2 ..................................................... 65,400 93.8 90.5 97.6 93.8 92.0 97.3

1998 2 ..................................................... 68,400 93.7 90.4 97.5 94.6 92.9 97.6
4.B OASDI: Covered Workers

CONTACT: Greg Diez/William Kearns (410) 965-0153/6750 for further information.

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 161

Table 4.B5.—Number of all workers, by age and sex, 1937–1998

[In thousands. Based on 1-percent sample. Age refers to age attained during year]

Year Total

Under

20 20–24 25–29 30–34 35–39 40–44 45–49 50–54 55–59 60–61 62–64 65–69 70–71

72 or

older

Total

1937.................... 32,900 3,277 6,302 5,480 4,413 3,688 3,055 2,580 1,918 1,308 384 398 1 97

 1 Represents workers attaining age 65 during the year. Workers aged 65 or older were not covered under the program in that year.

. . . . . .

1940.................... 35,390 2,963 6,481 5,794 4,904 3,930 3,342 2,706 2,147 1,488 437 494 451 106 152

1945.................... 46,390 6,313 5,908 5,571 5,495 5,288 4,623 4,061 3,275 2,577 831 926 975 214 333

1950.................... 48,280 4,469 7,057 6,732 5,991 5,609 5,016 4,076 3,375 2,597 811 1,052 979 210 306

1955.................... 65,200 5,410 7,065 7,499 7,801 7,458 7,222 6,507 5,299 4,261 1,423 1,893 2,091 537 734

1960.................... 72,530 6,328 8,749 7,461 7,812 8,301 7,938 7,432 6,448 4,996 1,643 2,102 1,989 419 912

1965.................... 80,680 8,556 11,066 8,261 7,488 8,120 8,550 7,936 7,163 5,931 1,943 2,272 2,027 424 943

1970.................... 93,090 10,790 14,945 10,587 8,492 8,028 8,539 8,647 7,700 6,594 2,236 2,692 2,362 475 1,003

1975.................... 100,200 11,939 16,419 13,852 10,304 8,644 7,997 8,157 7,896 6,626 2,289 2,543 2,139 444 951

1980.................... 113,000 12,372 18,403 16,464 14,184 10,982 9,003 7,961 7,768 7,076 2,326 2,632 2,292 491 1,046

1985.................... 119,800 10,685 17,727 18,012 16,193 14,276 10,961 8,713 7,435 6,870 2,410 2,726 2,206 489 1,097

1990.................... 133,600 10,907 16,760 18,701 18,696 17,008 14,984 11,119 8,533 6,928 2,454 2,854 2,687 605 1,362

1991.................... 133,000 9,751 16,398 18,048 18,721 17,353 15,342 11,752 8,756 6,950 2,424 2,831 2,648 647 1,380

1992.................... 134,000 9,693 16,112 17,470 18,739 17,648 15,454 12,526 9,260 7,020 2,378 2,833 2,710 669 1,489

1993.................... 136,100 9,910 15,991 17,100 18,817 18,020 15,835 13,109 9,777 7,243 2,360 2,827 2,782 683 1,647

1994.................... 138,200 10,392 15,719 16,869 18,783 18,275 16,323 13,816 10,149 7,417 2,371 2,811 2,825 707 1,743

1995.................... 141,000 10,832 15,465 17,078 18,692 18,760 16,918 14,622 10,510 7,667 2,440 2,777 2,836 699 1,704

1996 2 .................

 2 Preliminary data.

143,500 11,163 15,264 17,194 18,403 19,036 17,493 15,118 11,213 7,939 2,520 2,811 2,868 699 1,779

1997 2 ................. 146,300 11,428 15,506 17,169 18,046 19,292 17,975 15,389 12,032 8,439 2,578 2,913 2,921 733 1,878

1998 2 ................. 149,100 11,949 15,811 17,058 17,712 19,379 18,410 15,788 12,689 8,934 2,680 3,003 2,981 756 1,951

Men

1937.................... 23,810 2,020 4,021 3,797 3,237 3,775 2,387 2,091 1,606 1,110 330 351 1 85 . . . . . .

1940.................... 25,570 1,821 4,072 4,028 3,545 2,922 2,550 2,151 1,770 1,265 373 434 403 96 140

1945.................... 28,820 3,343 2,296 3,054 3,502 3,486 3,150 2,840 2,409 1,984 664 765 838 189 300

1950.................... 32,620 2,530 4,215 4,497 4,135 3,889 3,419 2,827 2,417 1,951 635 843 815 181 266

1955.................... 43,140 3,026 3,980 5,019 5,345 5,035 4,846 4,327 3,595 2,995 1,012 1,387 1,566 414 593

1960.................... 47,900 3,748 5,455 5,148 5,464 5,591 5,188 4,818 4,183 3,336 1,125 1,480 1,392 293 697

1965.................... 51,990 5,206 6,731 5,574 5,153 5,416 5,464 5,002 4,536 3,803 1,274 1,519 1,359 280 673

1970.................... 57,330 6,308 8,639 6,760 5,564 5,126 5,287 5,242 4,671 4,084 1,392 1,730 1,522 321 684

1975.................... 59,520 6,635 9,122 8,245 6,440 5,311 4,831 4,891 4,729 4,023 1,418 1,595 1,352 285 643

1980.................... 64,288 6,620 9,971 9,278 8,206 6,372 5,178 4,590 4,516 4,152 1,391 1,597 1,411 309 697

1985.................... 66,114 5,547 9,432 9,870 9,066 7,920 6,050 4,838 4,186 3,932 1,408 1,593 1,297 289 686

1990.................... 72,292 5,690 8,835 10,131 10,251 9,216 7,977 5,976 4,651 3,857 1,381 1,619 1,526 358 823

1991.................... 71,787 5,075 8,646 9,781 10,238 9,406 8,126 6,284 4,732 3,861 1,348 1,594 1,494 377 825

1992.................... 72,015 5,014 8,504 9,430 10,213 9,555 8,157 6,655 4,973 3,875 1,309 1,566 1,505 382 875

1993.................... 73,154 5,149 8,403 9,209 10,276 9,732 8,363 6,939 5,260 3,984 1,316 1,567 1,567 395 996

1994.................... 73,989 5,371 8,231 9,020 10,219 9,859 8,624 7,265 5,437 4,077 1,322 1,548 1,578 402 1,036

1995.................... 75,443 5,590 8,069 9,097 10,146 10,106 8,966 7,663 5,620 4,193 1,374 1,547 1,614 405 1,053

1996 2 ................. 76,572 5,756 7,946 9,109 9,968 10,223 9,267 7,890 5,977 4,314 1,417 1,577 1,633 404 1,090

1997 2 ................. 77,919 5,934 8,032 9,070 9,736 10,314 9,527 8,023 6,389 4,580 1,428 1,650 1,656 434 1,148

1998 2 ................. 79,152 6,203 8,169 8,966 9,502 10,370 9,706 8,216 6,690 4,833 1,472 1,696 1,696 446 1,187

Women

1937.................... 9,090 1,257 2,281 1,683 1,176 913 668 489 312 198 54 47 1 12 . . . . . .

1940.................... 9,820 1,142 2,409 1,766 1,359 1,008 792 555 377 218 64 60 48 10 12

1945.................... 17,570 2,970 3,612 2,517 1,993 1,802 1,473 1,221 866 593 167 161 137 25 33

1950.................... 15,660 1,939 2,842 2,235 1,856 1,720 1,597 1,249 958 646 176 209 164 29 40

1955.................... 22,060 2,384 3,085 2,480 2,456 2,423 2,376 2,180 1,704 1,266 411 506 525 123 141

1960.................... 24,630 2,580 3,294 2,313 2,348 2,710 2,750 2,614 2,265 1,660 518 622 597 126 233

1965.................... 28,690 3,350 4,335 2,687 2,335 2,704 3,086 2,934 2,627 2,128 669 753 668 144 270

1970.................... 35,760 4,482 6,306 3,827 2,928 2,902 3,252 3,405 3,029 2,510 844 962 840 154 319

1975.................... 40,680 5,304 7,297 5,607 3,864 3,333 3,166 3,266 3,167 2,603 871 948 787 159 308

1980.................... 48,712 5,752 8,432 7,186 5,978 4,610 3,825 3,371 3,252 2,924 935 1,035 881 182 349

1985.................... 53,686 5,138 8,295 8,142 7,127 6,356 4,911 3,875 3,249 2,938 1,002 1,233 909 200 411

1990.................... 61,309 5,217 7,925 8,570 8,445 7,792 7,007 5,143 3,882 3,071 1,073 1,235 1,161 247 540

1991.................... 61,213 4,676 7,752 8,267 8,484 7,947 7,216 5,467 4,023 3,089 1,076 1,237 1,154 270 556

1992.................... 61,985 4,678 7,608 8,040 8,526 8,093 7,297 5,871 4,286 3,145 1,069 1,267 1,205 287 614

1993.................... 62,946 4,761 7,588 7,891 8,541 8,288 7,472 6,170 4,517 3,259 1,044 1,260 1,215 289 651

1994.................... 64,212 5,020 7,488 7,849 8,565 8,416 7,698 6,551 4,712 3,341 1,049 1,264 1,247 304 707

1995.................... 65,557 5,241 7,396 7,981 8,546 8,654 7,951 6,959 4,891 3,474 1,066 1,230 1,222 295 651

1996 2 ................. 66,927 5,407 7,318 8,085 8,435 8,813 8,226 7,228 5,235 3,625 1,102 1,235 1,235 295 688

1997 2 ................. 68,381 5,494 7,475 8,099 8,310 8,978 8,448 7,365 5,643 3,860 1,151 1,263 1,265 299 731

1998 2 ................. 69,948 5,746 7,642 8,092 8,210 9,009 8,703 7,572 5,999 4,101 1,209 1,307 1,285 310 764
4.B OASDI: Covered Workers 

CONTACT: Greg Diez/William Kearns (410) 965-0153/6750 for further information.

162 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Table 4.B6.—Median earnings of all workers, by age and sex, 1937–1998

[Based on 1-percent sample. Includes estimates above the annual maximum taxable earnings. Age refers to age attained during year]

Year Total

Under

20 20–24 25–29 30–34 35–39 40–44 45–49 50–54 55–59 60–61 62–64 65–69 70–71

72 or

older

Total

1937.................... $761 $170 $570 $829 $998 $1,061 $1,126 $1,121 $1,177 $1,020 $1,010 $927 1 $512

 1 Earnings of workers attaining age 65 during the year. Workers aged 65 or older not covered under program in that year.

. . . . . .

1940.................... 746 140 498 764 934 1,041 1,064 1,110 1,071 1,018 978 963 874 $924 $788

1945.................... 1,159 288 669 818 1,383 1,617 1,842 2,026 1,874 1,821 1,782 1,739 1,482 1,341 1,307

1950.................... 1,926 385 1,376 1,971 2,312 2,456 2,473 2,517 2,442 2,394 2,492 2,252 1,973 1,916 1,589

1955.................... 2,438 443 1,601 2,689 3,173 3,233 3,196 3,068 2,966 2,728 2,525 2,427 1,736 1,279 1,149

1960.................... 2,894 561 1,917 3,138 3,738 3,903 3,891 3,785 3,643 3,452 3,166 3,052 1,590 1,140 1,252

1965.................... 3,414 613 2,326 3,919 4,540 4,747 4,756 4,665 4,526 4,304 4,087 3,767 1,791 1,171 1,326

1970.................... 4,375 810 2,988 5,334 6,156 6,339 6,357 6,292 6,105 5,831 5,473 5,047 2,099 1,578 1,683

1975.................... 5,803 1,070 4,187 6,795 8,249 8,629 8,725 8,810 8,748 8,299 7,779 6,620 2,524 2,105 2,137

1980.................... 8,549 1,646 6,205 9,593 11,510 12,540 12,690 12,784 12,794 12,309 11,606 9,651 4,451 3,306 3,140

1985.................... 11,265 1,647 7,136 12,453 14,886 16,458 16,984 16,849 16,528 15,831 14,724 11,907 5,974 4,330 3,729

1990.................... 13,898 1,937 8,054 14,687 17,482 19,296 20,664 20,958 20,157 18,584 17,163 13,021 6,812 5,375 4,536

1991.................... 14,278 1,894 7,790 14,833 17,731 19,599 21,038 21,670 20,613 19,030 17,172 13,020 7,026 5,428 4,515

1992.................... 14,739 1,866 7,829 15,083 18,290 20,274 21,662 22,478 21,565 19,639 17,375 13,130 7,116 5,563 4,443

1993.................... 15,000 1,898 7,925 15,279 18,542 20,558 22,036 23,000 22,172 19,819 17,665 12,527 7,194 5,367 4,124

1994.................... 15,560 1,989 8,125 15,696 19,103 21,244 22,762 23,982 23,224 20,748 18,107 12,857 7,104 5,363 4,190

1995.................... 16,108 2,076 8,392 16,134 19,654 21,629 23,468 24,690 24,090 21,320 19,136 12,961 7,551 5,816 4,681

1996 2 .................

 2 Preliminary data.

 16,706 2,138 8,555 16,652 20,326 22,306 24,113 25,321 25,173 22,093 19,678 13,435 7,692 6,207 4,879

1997 2 ................. 17,546 2,302 9,029 17,572 21,251 23,263 24,982 26,266 26,421 23,448 20,434 14,331 8,056 6,387 5,050

1998 2 ................. 18,376 2,489 9,579 18,519 22,330 24,224 25,893 27,321 27,491 24,664 21,337 15,202 8,416 6,717 5,322

Men

1937.................... $945 $174 $647 $1,117 $1,202 $1,286 $1,338 $1,308 $1,232 $1,137 $1,131 $1,008 1 $563 . . . . . .

1940.................... 935 147 550 928 1,143 1,289 1,306 1,320 1,238 1,153 1,088 1,058 950 $917 $899

1945.................... 1,654 271 422 813 1,983 2,245 2,405 2,364 2,319 2,170 2,106 2,000 1,666 1,462 1,390

1950.................... 2,532 402 1,566 2,465 2,918 3,102 3,131 3,156 3,018 2,959 2,812 2,618 2,317 2,049 1,707

1955.................... 3,315 468 1,871 3,450 4,079 4,201 4,159 4,005 3,818 3,512 3,201 3,044 2,164 1,498 1,292

1960.................... 3,879 615 2,116 3,942 4,831 5,175 5,167 4,954 4,702 4,416 3,982 3,812 2,112 1,207 1,340

1965.................... 4,685 710 2,609 4,957 6,055 6,481 6,519 6,369 5,921 5,581 4,993 4,784 2,628 1,246 1,443

1970.................... 6,180 930 3,281 6,827 8,131 8,528 8,686 8,735 8,370 7,675 7,051 6,456 2,927 1,662 1,863

1975.................... 8,250 1,246 4,870 8,464 11,170 12,131 12,533 12,605 12,270 11,290 10,398 8,700 2,895 2,276 2,371

1980.................... 11,963 1,857 7,007 11,880 15,491 17,982 18,720 18,896 18,391 17,585 15,939 13,201 4,902 3,658 3,529

1985.................... 14,959 1,771 8,185 14,465 18,642 22,021 24,433 24,385 23,841 22,117 19,953 16,532 6,760 4,977 4,351

1990.................... 17,582 2,058 8,945 16,412 21,211 24,424 27,608 29,074 28,027 25,509 23,243 17,408 7,714 6,153 5,129

1991.................... 17,765 1,987 8,562 16,260 21,213 24,547 27,488 29,519 28,407 25,538 22,714 17,429 7,830 6,111 5,168

1992.................... 18,208 1,947 8,632 16,521 21,697 25,235 28,025 30,327 29,709 26,228 23,102 17,558 8,072 6,324 5,200

1993.................... 18,430 1,984 8,860 16,680 21,855 25,439 28,173 30,652 30,072 26,218 23,086 16,676 7,897 5,768 4,595

1994.................... 19,249 2,057 9,190 17,284 22,653 26,444 29,024 31,851 31,506 27,691 23,604 17,375 7,870 6,274 4,838

1995.................... 19,907 2,164 9,618 17,810 23,200 26,912 29,732 32,334 32,505 28,260 24,673 17,090 8,133 6,430 4,977

1996 2 ................. 20,699 2,229 9,871 18,493 23,983 27,725 30,613 32,821 33,590 29,387 25,106 17,621 8,429 6,700 5,307

1997 2 ................. 21,697 2,366 10,290 19,693 25,162 28,802 31,744 33,698 34,883 31,058 26,168 18,184 8,821 7,097 5,300

1998 2 ................. 22,766 2,566 10,902 20,847 26,424 30,003 32,894 34,712 36,013 32,502 27,576 19,673 9,274 7,386 5,642

Women

1937.................... $484 $163 $477 $602 $621 $609 $604 $589 $576 $563 $585 $582 1 $366 . . . . . .

1940.................... 472 127 432 530 590 599 596 590 580 562 499 577 607 $999 $424

1945.................... 770 307 811 821 871 971 1,026 1,018 987 955 946 899 832 766 928

1950.................... 1,124 362 1,153 1,158 1,196 1,297 1,421 1,456 1,410 1,416 1,370 1,349 1,176 1,399 1,232

1955.................... 1,351 408 1,312 1,406 1,430 1,586 1,706 1,775 1,768 1,622 1,542 1,445 1,057 949 802

1960.................... 1,679 484 1,558 1,969 1,718 1,899 2,075 2,205 2,290 2,221 2,040 1,783 1,142 1,007 1,036

1965.................... 1,984 539 1,852 2,067 2,069 2,243 2,478 2,660 2,715 2,764 2,678 2,372 1,208 1,054 1,093

1970.................... 2,735 675 2,538 3,151 2,953 3,210 3,498 3,721 3,790 3,747 3,729 3,236 1,674 1,344 1,375

1975.................... 3,730 905 3,287 4,800 4,454 4,512 4,870 5,168 5,340 5,300 5,020 4,055 2,189 1,895 1,715

1980.................... 6,012 1,451 5,083 7,496 7,649 7,495 7,761 7,893 8,079 7,966 7,756 6,044 3,589 2,853 2,569

1985.................... 8,293 1,524 6,063 10,251 10,986 11,169 11,163 11,072 10,898 10,714 10,133 7,728 4,959 3,671 3,067

1990.................... 10,837 1,816 7,104 12,677 13,642 14,339 15,031 14,920 14,373 13,088 12,194 9,133 5,888 4,387 3,830

1991.................... 11,369 1,802 6,990 13,075 14,159 14,872 15,708 15,741 15,035 13,647 12,791 9,182 6,175 4,741 3,869

1992.................... 11,842 1,789 7,017 13,499 14,813 15,579 16,523 16,684 15,844 14,406 12,740 9,424 6,145 4,808 3,568

1993.................... 12,093 1,818 7,018 13,731 15,016 15,806 16,946 17,331 16,387 14,918 13,175 9,461 6,383 4,891 3,536

1994.................... 12,422 1,924 7,109 13,981 15,324 16,214 17,545 18,036 17,102 15,464 13,655 9,511 6,236 4,515 3,276

1995.................... 12,897 1,991 7,232 14,249 15,853 16,547 18,068 18,732 17,937 16,030 14,147 9,882 6,910 5,120 4,376

1996 2 ................. 13,371 2,052 7,376 14,653 16,407 17,025 18,545 19,506 18,854 16,748 14,635 10,393 6,978 5,600 4,400

1997 2 ................. 14,078 2,237 7,828 15,236 17,177 17,824 19,298 20,349 20,020 17,781 15,722 11,006 7,334 5,640 4,730

1998 2 ................. 14,765 2,415 8,351 15,989 18,053 18,554 19,975 21,425 21,012 18,660 16,600 11,653 7,601 5,978 4,917
4.B OASDI: Covered Workers

CONTACT: Greg Diez/William Kearns (410) 965-0153/6750 for further information.

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 163

Table 4.B7.—Number of wage and salary workers, by amount of taxable earnings and sex, 1992–1998

[In thousands. Based on 1-percent sample]

Year Total

Workers with earnings below taxable maximum Workers

with

maximum

earnings

$1–

$999

$1,000–

$4,999

$5,000–

$9,999

$10,000–

$14,999

$15,000–

$19,999

$20,000–

$24,999

$25,000–

$29,999

$30,000–

$39,999

$40,000–

$49,999

$50,000–

$59,999

$60,000–

$68,399

Total

1992.................... 126,000 9,357 19,519 17,496 15,765 14,047 11,641 9,058 12,554 7,084 2,422 . . . 7,057

1993.................... 128,100 9,655 19,395 17,521 15,808 14,092 11,807 9,327 12,786 7,371 3,325 . . . 7,013

1994.................... 130,100 9,591 19,403 17,273 15,709 14,194 11,930 9,552 13,230 7,709 4,310 277 6,921

1995.................... 132,800 9,213 19,355 17,213 15,766 14,376 12,230 9,867 13,853 8,171 4,662 498 7,597

1996 1 .................

 1 Preliminary data.

135,100 9,178 19,216 16,977 15,568 14,239 12,442 10,156 14,432 8,707 5,051 1,053 8,082

1997 1 ................. 137,700 8,815 18,887 16,834 15,385 14,180 12,583 10,443 15,221 9,317 5,516 2,103 8,417

1998 1 ................. 140,400 8,675 18,745 16,505 15,123 14,007 12,680 10,753 16,002 10,000 5,979 3,244 8,687

Men

1992.................... 66,543 4,171 8,743 7,726 7,186 6,587 6,006 5,122 8,069 5,109 1,868 . . . 5,955

1993.................... 67,673 4,429 8,665 7,740 7,223 6,652 6,048 5,222 8,074 5,224 2,527 . . . 5,869

1994.................... 68,481 4,350 8,548 7,546 7,118 6,718 6,068 5,292 8,211 5,372 3,243 222 5,794

1995.................... 69,901 4,256 8,510 7,457 7,051 6,814 6,238 5,415 8,448 5,587 3,444 388 6,292

1996 1 ................. 70,939 4,225 8,425 7,314 6,887 6,652 6,290 5,515 8,671 5,842 3,673 800 6,646

1997 1 ................. 72,215 4,117 8,296 7,220 6,744 6,486 6,275 5,591 8,953 6,155 3,929 1,579 6,870

1998 1 ................. 73,475 4,067 8,241 7,071 6,541 6,317 6,211 5,687 9,251 6,485 4,184 2,389 7,030

Women

1992.................... 59,457 5,186 10,776 9,770 8,579 7,460 5,635 3,936 4,485 1,975 554 . . . 1,103

1993.................... 60,427 5,226 10,730 9,781 8,586 7,440 5,759 4,105 4,712 2,147 798 . . . 1,144

1994.................... 61,619 5,241 10,856 9,726 8,592 7,476 5,862 4,260 5,020 2,337 1,067 55 1,127

1995.................... 62,900 4,957 10,845 9,756 8,714 7,563 5,992 4,452 5,405 2,584 1,217 110 1,305

1996 1 ................. 64,161 4,953 10,791 9,663 8,680 7,587 6,152 4,641 5,761 2,865 1,378 252 1,436

1997 1 ................. 65,485 4,698 10,591 9,614 8,641 7,694 6,308 4,851 6,269 3,162 1,586 524 1,547

1998 1 ................. 66,925 4,608 10,505 9,434 8,581 7,690 6,469 5,066 6,751 3,515 1,795 854 1,657
4.B OASDI: Covered Workers 

CONTACT: Greg Diez/William Kearns (410) 965-0153/6750 for further information.

164 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Table 4.B8.—Number of self-employed workers, by age and sex, 1951–1998

[In thousands. Based on 1-percent sample. Age refers to age attained during year]

Year Total

Under

20 20–24 25–29 30–34 35–39 40–44 45–49 50–54 55–59 60–61 62–64 65–69 70–71

72 or

older

Total

1951.................... 4,190 6 71 246 414 543 592 565 503 462 164 215 237 55 117

1955.................... 6,810 18 114 362 600 757 865 874 790 737 290 441 497 143 322

1960.................... 6,870 19 133 305 560 743 848 929 918 846 316 452 414 101 286

1965.................... 6,550 31 143 292 452 664 814 870 913 885 328 411 388 92 267

1970.................... 6,270 33 159 348 476 581 729 808 837 839 327 407 388 94 244

1975.................... 7,000 67 302 581 679 700 731 813 869 823 317 382 393 95 248

1980.................... 8,200 78 380 824 1,052 983 869 812 851 852 307 381 419 112 280

1985.................... 10,600 112 527 1,099 1,488 1,522 1,261 1,030 930 929 368 434 455 124 321

1990.................... 12,500 152 529 1,123 1,663 1,854 1,736 1,377 1,113 980 381 487 567 150 389

1991.................... 12,800 136 521 1,105 1,697 1,897 1,818 1,474 1,170 998 388 486 561 158 391

1992.................... 13,100 137 509 1,093 1,678 1,951 1,864 1,589 1,243 1,018 382 484 576 166 410

1993.................... 13,200 131 488 1,029 1,650 1,956 1,892 1,647 1,325 1,047 375 481 589 164 426

1994.................... 13,300 140 473 989 1,624 1,936 1,945 1,726 1,357 1,070 375 482 580 164 437

1995.................... 13,500 143 482 1,005 1,612 1,960 1,964 1,808 1,393 1,097 385 467 574 166 445

1996 1 .................

 1 Preliminary data.

13,900 149 489 1,033 1,611 2,012 2,035 1,872 1,472 1,145 404 478 576 164 460

1997 1 ................. 14,200 153 497 1,030 1,557 1,993 2,078 1,901 1,576 1,222 413 498 609 174 499

1998 1 ................. 14,400 167 506 1,033 1,517 1,956 2,102 1,907 1,644 1,297 429 515 620 186 521

Men

1951.................... 3,620 5 61 219 370 478 519 479 430 393 139 179 204 47 97

1955.................... 5,980 16 104 335 555 687 773 773 679 631 247 373 420 122 265

1960.................... 5,990 16 119 284 515 678 757 812 793 709 260 386 348 83 230

1965.................... 5,640 26 127 263 410 598 714 759 772 742 272 339 326 75 217

1970.................... 5,370 28 136 306 422 522 642 699 712 695 268 324 320 77 201

1975.................... 5,790 57 251 479 564 584 619 680 715 672 255 309 326 78 201

1980.................... 6,407 60 305 639 793 752 672 641 681 668 244 301 333 92 226

1985.................... 7,623 79 378 782 1,060 1,058 873 730 674 686 278 328 351 97 249

1990.................... 8,525 103 346 746 1,112 1,241 1,148 914 762 693 270 355 424 116 295

1991.................... 8,668 92 341 726 1,109 1,268 1,204 976 793 699 273 350 418 119 299

1992.................... 8,798 89 330 714 1,090 1,289 1,228 1,041 830 706 271 344 427 126 312

1993.................... 8,840 89 310 674 1,075 1,290 1,241 1,078 885 713 261 341 436 125 322

1994.................... 8,839 89 309 638 1,053 1,269 1,268 1,127 890 723 263 333 423 122 331

1995.................... 8,908 97 305 648 1,030 1,271 1,281 1,170 906 735 269 325 413 124 335

1996 1 ................. 9,089 96 308 657 1,021 1,282 1,324 1,201 956 755 277 330 416 119 348

1997 1 ................. 9,199 100 310 636 982 1,253 1,329 1,218 1,011 801 281 343 433 126 376

1998 1 ................. 9,192 105 312 629 935 1,204 1,325 1,198 1,049 838 284 352 436 136 390

Women

1951.................... 570 1 10 27 44 65 73 86 73 69 25 36 33 8 20

1955.................... 830 2 10 27 45 70 92 101 111 106 43 68 77 21 57

1960.................... 880 3 14 21 45 65 91 117 125 137 56 66 67 18 55

1965.................... 910 5 16 29 42 66 100 111 141 143 56 72 62 17 50

1970.................... 900 5 23 42 54 59 87 109 125 144 59 65 68 17 43

1975.................... 1,210 10 51 102 115 116 112 133 154 151 62 73 67 17 47

1980.................... 1,793 18 75 185 259 231 197 171 170 184 63 80 86 20 54

1985.................... 2,977 33 149 317 428 464 388 300 256 243 90 106 104 27 72

1990.................... 3,975 49 183 377 551 613 588 463 350 287 111 132 142 34 94

1991.................... 4,131 44 180 378 588 629 614 499 376 299 115 136 143 39 92

1992.................... 4,302 48 179 380 588 662 636 548 413 312 110 140 148 39 98

1993.................... 4,360 41 178 355 575 666 651 569 440 334 114 140 153 39 104

1994.................... 4,460 51 164 352 572 667 677 599 468 346 112 148 157 42 105

1995.................... 4,592 46 177 357 582 689 683 638 487 362 116 142 161 42 109

1996 1 ................. 4,811 53 181 376 590 730 711 671 516 389 128 147 160 45 113

1997 1 ................. 5,001 53 187 394 575 740 749 683 566 421 132 155 176 48 122

1998 1 ................. 5,208 63 194 405 582 752 777 709 595 458 145 163 184 50 131
4.B OASDI: Covered Workers

CONTACT: Greg Diez/William Kearns (410) 965-0153/6750 for further information.

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 165

Table 4.B9.—Number of self-employed workers, by amount of taxable earnings and sex, 1992–1998

[In thousands. Based on 1-percent sample. Taxable earnings consist of self-employment income and taxable wages (see table 2.A3)]

Year Total

Workers with earnings below taxable maximum Workers

with

maximum

earnings

$1–

$999

$1,000–

$4,999

$5,000–

$9,999

$10,000–

$14,999

$15,000–

$19,999

$20,000–

$24,999

$25,000–

$29,999

$30,000–

$39,999

$40,000–

$49,999

$50,000–

$59,999

$60,000–

$68,399

Total

1992.................... 13,100 593 2,927 2,519 1,599 1,156 882 694 971 612 308 . . . 839

1993.................... 13,200 587 2,866 2,562 1,627 1,149 881 689 990 633 388 . . . 828

1994.................... 13,300 551 2,825 2,510 1,670 1,162 872 714 1,019 645 426 92 814

1995.................... 13,500 535 2,781 2,593 1,690 1,192 892 712 1,044 678 444 116 822

1996 1 .................

 1 Preliminary data.

13,900 523 2,790 2,665 1,752 1,210 918 731 1,092 714 471 177 856

1997 1 ................. 14,200 533 2,768 2,706 1,753 1,238 936 747 1,115 748 498 284 876

1998 1 ................. 14,400 540 2,732 2,718 1,773 1,250 957 770 1,173 792 516 402 779

Men

1992.................... 8,798 288 1,603 1,606 1,109 827 633 512 746 485 253 . . . 734

1993.................... 8,840 291 1,559 1,632 1,118 809 640 501 760 500 316 . . . 715

1994.................... 8,839 268 1,511 1,552 1,138 820 626 527 772 503 340 77 705

1995.................... 8,908 256 1,492 1,581 1,138 826 638 514 782 521 356 96 708

1996 1 ................. 9,089 248 1,473 1,601 1,166 832 649 526 808 546 367 142 731

1997 1 ................. 9,199 260 1,461 1,572 1,147 849 653 527 807 567 387 228 740

1998 1 ................. 9,192 263 1,423 1,546 1,124 828 652 539 843 598 397 321 657

Women

1992.................... 4,302 305 1,323 913 490 329 249 182 225 127 55 . . . 105

1993.................... 4,360 296 1,308 930 509 340 241 188 230 133 73 . . . 113

1994.................... 4,460 282 1,314 957 531 342 247 188 246 142 85 15 109

1995.................... 4,592 280 1,289 1,012 552 366 254 198 261 157 88 20 114

1996 1 ................. 4,811 274 1,317 1,064 586 378 269 205 285 168 104 35 126

1997 1 ................. 5,001 273 1,306 1,134 605 389 283 220 308 181 111 55 136

1998 1 ................. 5,208 277 1,309 1,172 649 421 305 230 329 194 119 80 122
4.B OASDI: Covered Workers 

CONTACT: Greg Diez/William Kearns (410) 965-0153/6750 for further information.

166 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Table 4.B10.—Number of workers, taxable earnings, and contributions, by type of employment and state, 1998

[Preliminary estimates. Based on 1-percent sample]

State 1 

 1 State designation based primarily on employee end-of-year residence, obtained from employer wage reports filed via magnetic media. State designation based on 

location of employer for reports filed via paper.

Number of workers

 reported with taxable earnings 2 

(in thousands)

 2 Workers with earnings in both wage and salary employment and self-employment are counted in each type of employment. National and state totals and subtotals are 

unduplicated counts of workers in each type of employment.

Reported taxable earnings 3 

(in millions)

 3 Annual maximum taxable earnings for Social Security (OASDI) from a single employer or from self-employment were $68,400 in 1998.

OASDI contributions 4 

(in millions)

 4 For 1998 earnings, paid at the rate of 6.2 percent of taxable wages by both employees and employers, 6.2 percent of taxable tips by employees, and 12.4 percent of 

self-employment income by self-employed workers. Data are unadjusted for multi-employer tax refunds. 

Total,

all

workers

Wage and

 salary

workers

Selfemployed

persons Total Wages

Selfemployment

income Total

Wage and

salary

employment

Selfemployment

 Total ........................... 149,100 140,400 14,400 $3,515,600 $3,325,800 $189,800 $435,934 $412,399 $23,535

Alabama................................ 2,296 2,173 203 48,237 45,923 2,314 5,981 5,694 287

Alaska ................................... 336 313 40 7,756 7,252 504 962 899 63

Arizona.................................. 2,512 2,383 215 57,045 54,204 2,841 7,074 6,721 352

Arkansas............................... 1,371 1,287 140 26,004 24,448 1,556 3,224 3,032 193

California............................... 15,878 14,616 1,893 400,181 369,917 30,264 49,622 45,870 3,753

Colorado ............................... 2,319 2,167 256 55,488 52,038 3,450 6,881 6,453 428

Connecticut........................... 1,926 1,810 192 54,661 51,409 3,252 6,778 6,375 403

Delaware............................... 474 459 30 11,838 11,491 347 1,468 1,425 43

District of Columbia............... 344 328 27 9,224 8,761 463 1,144 1,086 57

Florida................................... 8,015 7,534 803 171,523 162,850 8,672 21,269 20,193 1,075

Georgia ................................. 4,318 4,089 387 99,937 95,115 4,822 12,392 11,794 598

Hawaii ................................... 617 577 61 14,660 13,903 757 1,818 1,724 94

Idaho..................................... 690 647 74 13,725 12,894 831 1,702 1,599 103

Illinois.................................... 6,738 6,388 594 167,123 159,130 7,994 20,723 19,732 991

Indiana .................................. 3,440 3,283 295 80,000 76,380 3,620 9,920 9,471 449

Iowa ...................................... 1,707 1,594 200 36,120 33,837 2,283 4,479 4,196 283

Kansas.................................. 1,511 1,419 164 34,335 32,255 2,080 4,258 4,000 258

Kentucky ............................... 2,044 1,913 225 41,722 39,493 2,229 5,174 4,897 276

Louisiana............................... 2,114 1,987 200 42,467 40,018 2,449 5,266 4,962 304

Maine .................................... 684 630 91 13,557 12,507 1,050 1,681 1,551 130

Maryland ............................... 2,905 2,768 242 78,308 75,028 3,280 9,710 9,303 407

Massachusetts...................... 3,390 3,163 363 90,105 84,731 5,374 11,173 10,507 666

Michigan................................ 5,625 5,388 422 143,344 138,193 5,152 17,775 17,136 639

Minnesota ............................. 2,953 2,789 301 73,641 69,727 3,914 9,131 8,646 485

Mississippi............................. 1,412 1,334 127 27,022 25,492 1,530 3,351 3,161 190

Missouri................................. 3,045 2,873 292 65,408 62,108 3,300 8,111 7,701 409

Montana................................ 486 441 72 8,781 7,997 784 1,089 992 97

Nebraska............................... 1,002 938 115 20,847 19,580 1,268 2,585 2,428 157

Nevada.................................. 987 944 72 21,890 20,882 1,008 2,714 2,589 125

New Hampshire .................... 737 691 80 18,566 17,487 1,078 2,302 2,168 134

New Jersey ........................... 4,636 4,405 377 134,944 128,996 5,949 16,733 15,995 738

New Mexico .......................... 883 830 88 17,590 16,621 969 2,181 2,061 120

New York............................... 9,776 9,221 912 256,508 244,348 12,160 31,807 30,299 1,508

North Carolina....................... 4,448 4,205 421 98,837 93,752 5,085 12,256 11,625 631

North Dakota......................... 373 345 51 7,216 6,634 582 895 823 72

Ohio ...................................... 5,984 5,647 550 134,119 127,197 6,921 16,631 15,772 858

Oklahoma.............................. 1,788 1,666 199 35,189 33,111 2,078 4,363 4,106 258

Oregon.................................. 1,881 1,765 190 43,299 40,745 2,554 5,369 5,052 317

Pennsylvania......................... 6,585 6,241 561 159,170 151,148 8,023 19,737 18,742 995

Rhode Island......................... 578 547 56 13,691 13,011 680 1,698 1,613 84

South Carolina ...................... 2,138 2,033 174 45,633 43,604 2,029 5,658 5,407 252

South Dakota ........................ 442 404 60 8,103 7,359 745 1,005 912 92

Tennessee............................. 3,159 2,974 315 68,369 64,326 4,043 8,478 7,976 501

Texas..................................... 10,112 9,465 1,057 228,697 215,166 13,531 28,358 26,681 1,678

Utah ...................................... 1,158 1,104 97 24,198 23,029 1,169 3,001 2,856 145

Vermont................................. 361 335 44 7,591 7,102 489 941 881 61

Virginia.................................. 3,862 3,678 324 96,738 92,581 4,156 11,995 11,480 515

Washington ........................... 3,288 3,114 295 82,171 77,652 4,518 10,189 9,629 560

West Virginia......................... 850 802 80 17,330 16,418 911 2,149 2,036 113

Wisconsin.............................. 3,162 3,013 262 74,689 71,375 3,314 9,261 8,851 411

Wyoming .............................. 283 265 34 5,758 5,405 354 714 670 44

Puerto Rico ........................... 1,150 1,092 64 15,886 14,919 967 1,970 1,850 120

Virgin Islands ........................ 46 43 4 984 931 53 122 115 7

Other and unknown 5 ...........

 5 Persons employed in American Samoa and Guam, U.S. citizens employed abroad by American employers, persons employed on oceanborne vessels, and workers 

with unknown residence.

282 278 5 5,374 5,321 53 666 660 7
4.B OASDI: Covered Workers

CONTACT: Greg Diez/William Kearns (410) 965-0153/6750 for further information.

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 167

Table 4.B11.—Number of workers, taxable earnings, and contributions, by type of employment, 1937–2000

[Based on 1-percent sample]

Year

Number of workers

 reported with taxable earnings 1

(in thousands)

 1 Workers with earnings in both wage and salary employment and self-employment are counted in each type of employment.

Reported taxable earnings 2

(in millions)

 2 See table 2.A3 for annual maximum taxable earnings.

OASDI contributions 3, 4

(in millions)

 3 See table 2.A3 for contribution rates. 4 Unadjusted for multi-employer tax refunds. Unadjusted for tax credits. See table 2.A5 for information on tax credits.

Total,

all workers

Wage and

salary

workers

Selfemployed

persons Total Wages

Selfemployment

income Total

Wage and

salary

employment

Selfemployment

1937.......................................... 32,900 32,900 . . . $29,620 $29,620 . . . $592 $592 . . .

1940.......................................... 35,390 35,390 . . . 32,970 32,970 . . . 659 659 . . .

1945.......................................... 46,390 46,390 . . . 62,950 62,950 . . . 1,259 1,259 . . .

1950.......................................... 48,280 48,280 . . . 87,500 87,500 . . . 2,625 2,625 . . .

1951.......................................... 58,120 54,630 4,190 120,770 111,250 $9,520 3,552 3,338 $214

1952.......................................... 59,580 56,060 4,240 128,640 118,880 9,760 3,786 3,566 220

1953.......................................... 60,840 57,220 4,340 135,870 125,840 10,030 4,001 3,775 226

1954.......................................... 59,610 55,940 4,350 133,520 123,410 10,110 5,240 4,936 303

1955.......................................... 65,200 59,560 6,810 157,540 141,810 15,730 6,144 5,672 472

1956.......................................... 67,610 61,560 7,390 170,720 153,010 17,710 6,652 6,120 531

1957.......................................... 70,590 64,730 7,150 181,380 163,990 17,390 7,966 7,380 587

1958.......................................... 69,770 64,040 7,130 180,720 163,140 17,580 7,935 7,341 593

1959.......................................... 71,700 66,000 7,060 202,310 183,620 18,690 9,882 9,181 701

1960.......................................... 72,530 66,980 6,870 207,000 188,580 18,420 12,144 11,315 829

1961.......................................... 72,820 67,360 6,790 209,640 190,850 18,790 12,297 11,451 846

1962.......................................... 74,280 68,890 6,720 219,050 200,130 18,920 13,397 12,508 889

1963.......................................... 75,540 70,310 6,590 225,550 206,840 18,710 16,006 14,996 1,010

1964.......................................... 77,430 72,230 6,480 236,390 217,430 18,960 16,788 15,764 1,024

1965.......................................... 80,680 75,430 6,550 250,730 230,830 19,900 17,810 16,735 1,075

1966.......................................... 84,600 79,460 6,630 312,540 287,860 24,680 23,597 22,165 1,431

1967.......................................... 87,040 82,020 6,470 329,960 305,670 24,290 25,275 23,842 1,433

1968.......................................... 89,380 84,470 6,570 375,800 348,500 27,300 28,069 26,486 1,583

1969.......................................... 92,060 87,200 6,350 402,510 375,010 27,500 33,233 31,501 1,733

1970.......................................... 93,090 88,180 6,270 415,580 388,680 26,900 34,344 32,649 1,695

1971.......................................... 93,340 88,460 6,290 426,950 399,550 27,400 38,649 36,759 1,891

1972.......................................... 96,240 91,220 6,600 484,150 452,050 32,100 43,804 41,589 2,215

1973.......................................... 99,830 94,610 7,100 561,850 523,450 38,400 53,463 50,775 2,688

1974.......................................... 101,330 96,190 7,040 636,800 594,400 42,400 61,814 58,846 2,968

1975.......................................... 100,200 94,900 7,000 664,700 621,100 43,600 64,541 61,489 3,052

1976.......................................... 102,600 97,230 7,400 737,700 689,200 48,500 71,626 68,231 3,395

1977.......................................... 105,800 100,450 7,480 816,600 763,600 53,000 79,306 75,596 3,710

1978.......................................... 110,600 104,810 8,040 915,600 856,100 59,500 90,691 86,466 4,225

1979.......................................... 112,700 106,900 8,200 1,067,000 997,500 69,500 106,246 101,346 4,900

1980.......................................... 113,000 107,200 8,200 1,180,700 1,109,000 71,700 117,729 112,674 5,055

1981.......................................... 113,000 107,300 8,250 1,294,100 1,220,000 74,100 136,468 130,540 5,928

1982.......................................... 111,800 105,800 8,550 1,365,300 1,290,000 75,300 145,382 139,320 6,062

1983.......................................... 112,100 105,900 9,200 1,454,100 1,369,000 85,100 154,703 147,852 6,851

1984.......................................... 116,300 109,900 9,900 1,608,800 1,515,000 93,800 183,403 172,710 10,693

1985.......................................... 119,800 113,400 10,600 1,722,600 1,621,000 101,600 196,376 184,794 11,582

1986.......................................... 122,900 115,900 11,200 1,844,400 1,730,800 113,600 210,262 197,311 12,950

1987.......................................... 125,600 118,200 12,000 1,960,000 1,835,100 124,900 223,440 209,201 14,239

1988.......................................... 129,600 122,100 12,400 2,088,400 1,952,000 136,400 253,114 236,582 16,532

1989.......................................... 131,700 123,900 12,900 2,239,500 2,096,000 143,500 271,427 254,035 17,392

1990.......................................... 133,600 126,100 12,500 2,358,000 2,222,000 136,000 292,392 275,528 16,864

1991.......................................... 133,000 125,200 12,800 2,422,500 2,283,000 139,500 300,390 283,092 17,298

1992.......................................... 134,000 126,000 13,100 2,532,900 2,386,000 146,900 314,080 295,864 18,216

1993 ......................................... 136,100 128,100 13,200 2,636,100 2,483,400 152,700 326,876 307,942 18,935

1994.......................................... 138,200 130,100 13,300 2,785,200 2,624,500 160,700 345,365 325,438 19,927

1995.......................................... 141,000 132,800 13,500 2,919,100 2,754,300 164,800 361,968 341,533 20,435

1996 5........................................

 5 Preliminary data.

143,500 135,100 13,900 3,073,700 2,902,000 171,700 381,139 359,848 21,291

1997 5 ....................................... 146,300 137,700 14,200 3,285,500 3,105,400 180,100 407,402 385,070 22,332

1998 5 ....................................... 149,100 140,400 14,400 3,515,600 3,325,800 189,800 435,934 412,399 23,535

1999 6........................................

 6 Taxable earnings are preliminary estimates based on Social Security data; employment data are preliminary estimates based on data from Bureau of Labor Statistics 

and the National Income and Product Accounts.

151,200 142,400 14,600 3,736,400 3,536,000 200,400 463,314 438,464 24,850

2000 7........................................

 7 Preliminary estimates based on data from Bureau of Labor Statistics and the National Income and Product Accounts.

152,900 144,200 14,600 3,982,700 3,770,400 212,300 493,855 467,530 26,325
4.B HI: Covered Workers 

CONTACT: Greg Diez/William Kearns (410) 965-0153/6750 for further information.

168 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Table 4.B12.—Number of workers, taxable earnings, and contributions, by type of employment and state, 1998

[Preliminary estimates. Based on 1-percent sample]

State 1 

 1 State designation based primarily on employee end-of-year residence, obtained from employer wage reports filed via magnetic media. State designation based on 

location of employer for reports filed via paper.

Number of workers

 reported with taxable earnings 2 

(in thousands)

 2 Workers with earnings in both wage and salary employment and self-employment are counted in each type of employment. National and state totals and subtotals are 

unduplicated counts of workers in each type of employment.

Reported taxable earnings 3 

(in millions)

 3 No annual maximum taxable earnings amount for Medicare.

Medicare 

(Hospital Insurance) contributions 4 

(in millions)

 4 For 1998 earnings, paid at the rate of 1.45 percent of taxable wages by both employees and employers, 1.45 percent of taxable tips by employees, and 2.9 percent of 

self-employment income by self-employed workers. 

Total,

all workers

Wage and

 salary

workers

Selfemployed

persons Total Wages

Selfemployment

income Total

Wage and

salary

employment

Selfemployment

 Total ........................... 152,400 143,800 15,100 $4,307,300 $4,017,700 $289,600 $124,912 $116,513 $8,398

Alabama................................ 2,319 2,196 211 53,814 50,800 3,014 1,561 1,473 87

Alaska ................................... 356 335 41 9,764 9,066 698 283 263 20

Arizona.................................. 2,532 2,402 226 65,592 61,762 3,830 1,902 1,791 111

Arkansas............................... 1,382 1,299 145 28,855 26,902 1,953 837 780 57

California............................... 16,565 15,331 1,990 531,060 483,101 47,959 15,401 14,010 1,391

Colorado ............................... 2,441 2,294 267 70,373 65,375 4,997 2,041 1,896 145

Connecticut........................... 1,958 1,842 208 81,320 74,702 6,618 2,358 2,166 192

Delaware............................... 477 462 32 13,727 13,205 522 398 383 15

District of Columbia............... 360 344 29 13,905 12,441 1,465 403 361 42

Florida................................... 8,097 7,617 837 205,000 193,125 11,875 5,945 5,601 344

Georgia ................................. 4,411 4,186 402 123,369 115,977 7,393 3,578 3,363 214

Hawaii ................................... 640 601 64 16,944 15,983 962 491 463 28

Idaho..................................... 696 653 76 14,958 13,938 1,020 434 404 30

Illinois.................................... 6,899 6,555 629 210,589 197,195 13,394 6,107 5,719 388

Indiana .................................. 3,467 3,309 307 89,607 84,357 5,251 2,599 2,446 152

Iowa ...................................... 1,719 1,606 205 39,757 37,024 2,733 1,153 1,074 79

Kansas.................................. 1,523 1,431 171 39,484 36,544 2,941 1,145 1,060 85

Kentucky ............................... 2,085 1,956 232 47,203 44,410 2,794 1,369 1,288 81

Louisiana............................... 2,251 2,128 208 51,860 48,341 3,519 1,504 1,402 102

Maine .................................... 708 656 92 15,521 14,286 1,235 450 414 36

Maryland ............................... 2,981 2,845 259 94,769 89,607 5,161 2,748 2,599 150

Massachusetts...................... 3,567 3,350 389 120,978 110,713 10,265 3,508 3,211 298

Michigan................................ 5,664 5,427 449 167,547 160,220 7,326 4,859 4,646 212

Minnesota ............................. 2,975 2,811 316 85,601 80,441 5,160 2,482 2,333 150

Mississippi............................. 1,423 1,344 131 29,159 27,078 2,081 846 785 60

Missouri................................. 3,106 2,936 304 76,121 71,233 4,889 2,208 2,066 142

Montana................................ 491 446 73 9,673 8,599 1,074 281 249 31

Nebraska............................... 1,010 946 120 23,012 21,348 1,665 667 619 48

Nevada.................................. 1,035 993 76 26,679 25,239 1,440 774 732 42

New Hampshire .................... 746 700 84 22,150 20,671 1,479 642 599 43

New Jersey ........................... 4,675 4,444 415 178,860 168,177 10,683 5,187 4,877 310

New Mexico .......................... 897 844 91 19,374 18,198 1,176 562 528 34

New York............................... 9,846 9,289 981 334,740 308,306 26,433 9,707 8,941 767

North Carolina....................... 4,478 4,234 436 112,942 106,138 6,803 3,275 3,078 197

North Dakota......................... 376 348 52 7,819 7,148 671 227 207 19

Ohio ...................................... 6,352 6,036 575 166,701 157,179 9,522 4,834 4,558 276

Oklahoma.............................. 1,809 1,688 205 39,078 36,658 2,419 1,133 1,063 70

Oregon.................................. 1,898 1,782 196 49,575 46,260 3,315 1,438 1,342 96

Pennsylvania......................... 6,649 6,304 590 187,524 175,979 11,546 5,438 5,103 335

Rhode Island......................... 585 554 59 16,336 15,477 859 474 449 25

South Carolina ...................... 2,152 2,047 179 50,379 47,665 2,713 1,461 1,382 79

South Dakota ........................ 447 409 61 8,855 8,021 834 257 233 24

Tennessee............................. 3,183 2,999 326 78,639 72,686 5,954 2,281 2,108 173

Texas..................................... 10,540 9,908 1,102 290,358 270,791 19,566 8,420 7,853 567

Utah ...................................... 1,172 1,118 101 27,044 25,590 1,454 784 742 42

Vermont................................. 363 337 44 8,491 7,841 650 246 227 19

Virginia.................................. 3,914 3,730 343 115,970 109,645 6,325 3,363 3,180 183

Washington ........................... 3,327 3,153 309 101,085 94,926 6,159 2,931 2,753 179

West Virginia......................... 860 813 82 19,102 17,722 1,380 554 514 40

Wisconsin.............................. 3,180 3,030 274 84,492 80,027 4,465 2,450 2,321 129

Wyoming .............................. 286 268 35 6,375 5,862 513 185 170 15

Puerto Rico ........................... 1,183 1,126 64 17,514 16,270 1,244 508 472 36

Virgin Islands ........................ 46 43 4 1,131 982 150 33 28 4

Other and unknown 5 ...........

 5 Persons employed in American Samoa and Guam, U.S. citizens employed abroad by American employers, persons employed on oceanborne vessels, and workers 

with unknown residence.

297 294 5 6,525 6,471 54 189 188 2
4.C OASDI: Insured Workers

CONTACT: Jeff Kunkel (410) 965-3013 for further information.

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 169

Table 4.C1.—Estimated number,1 by insured status, December 31, 1940–2001

[In millions]

 1 Figures are subject to revision.

Year

Workers fully insured for retirement and/or survivor benefits Workers

 insured in event

Total of disability

Permanently

insured

Not permanently

insured

1940....................................................................................... 24.2 1.1 23.1 . . .

1941....................................................................................... 25.8 1.4 24.4 . . .

1942....................................................................................... 28.1 1.8 26.3 . . .

1943....................................................................................... 29.9 2.3 27.6 . . .

1944....................................................................................... 31.9 2.8 29.1 . . .

1945....................................................................................... 33.4 3.4 30.0 . . .

1946....................................................................................... 35.4 8.6 26.8 . . .

1947....................................................................................... 37.3 11.6 25.7 . . .

1948....................................................................................... 38.9 13.2 25.7 . . .

1949....................................................................................... 40.1 14.9 25.2 . . .

1950....................................................................................... 59.8 21.0 38.8 . . .

1951....................................................................................... 62.8 22.9 39.9 . . .

1952....................................................................................... 68.2 25.6 42.7 . . .

1953....................................................................................... 71.0 27.7 43.4 . . .

1954....................................................................................... 70.2 29.9 40.4 31.9

1955....................................................................................... 70.5 32.5 38.0 35.4

1956....................................................................................... 74.0 36.1 38.0 37.2

1957....................................................................................... 76.1 38.3 37.9 38.4

1958....................................................................................... 76.5 40.3 36.2 43.4

1959....................................................................................... 76.7 42.2 34.6 46.4

1960....................................................................................... 84.4 47.6 36.8 48.5

1961....................................................................................... 88.5 53.3 35.3 50.5

1962....................................................................................... 89.8 54.9 34.8 51.5

1963....................................................................................... 91.3 56.6 34.7 52.3

1964....................................................................................... 92.8 58.3 34.5 53.3

1965....................................................................................... 94.8 60.2 34.6 55.0

1966....................................................................................... 97.2 61.9 35.3 55.7

1967....................................................................................... 99.9 63.3 36.6 56.9

1968....................................................................................... 102.6 64.5 38.1 70.1

1969....................................................................................... 105.1 65.7 39.4 72.4

1970....................................................................................... 107.9 66.9 41.0 74.5

1971....................................................................................... 111.1 68.7 42.3 76.1

1972....................................................................................... 113.8 70.1 43.7 77.8

1973....................................................................................... 116.8 71.3 45.6 80.4

1974....................................................................................... 120.2 72.7 47.5 83.3

1975....................................................................................... 123.2 74.4 48.8 85.3

1976....................................................................................... 126.0 76.1 49.9 87.0

1977....................................................................................... 129.0 78.1 50.9 89.3

1978....................................................................................... 133.3 80.3 53.0 93.7

1979....................................................................................... 137.3 83.0 54.3 98.0

1980....................................................................................... 140.4 85.3 55.0 100.3

1981....................................................................................... 142.9 88.0 54.9 102.6

1982....................................................................................... 144.7 90.7 54.0 104.5

1983....................................................................................... 146.5 94.0 52.5 105.4

1984....................................................................................... 148.3 96.9 51.4 107.1

1985....................................................................................... 150.9 100.1 50.8 109.6

1986....................................................................................... 153.2 103.3 49.9 111.6

1987....................................................................................... 155.7 107.4 48.3 113.5

1988....................................................................................... 158.3 110.7 47.6 115.7

1989....................................................................................... 161.3 113.6 47.8 118.1

1990....................................................................................... 164.0 116.4 47.6 120.1

1991....................................................................................... 165.9 118.8 47.2 121.5

1992....................................................................................... 167.5 121.1 46.4 122.9

1993....................................................................................... 169.2 123.6 45.6 124.4

1994....................................................................................... 170.8 125.9 44.9 126.2

1995....................................................................................... 173.2 128.4 44.8 128.2

1996....................................................................................... 175.3 130.9 44.4 130.3

1997....................................................................................... 177.7 133.8 44.0 132.2

1998....................................................................................... 180.0 136.2 43.8 134.2

1999....................................................................................... 182.4 138.6 43.8 136.4

2000....................................................................................... 184.8 140.8 44.0 138.7

2001....................................................................................... 187.3 143.0 44.2 141.0
4.C OASDI: Insured Workers

170 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Table 4.C2.—Estimated number, 1 by insured status, age, and sex, 1970–2001

[In thousands]

December 31 Total Under 20 20–24 25–29 30–34 35–39 40–44 45–49 50–54 55–59 60–64 65–69 70–74

75 or

older

Fully insured

Total:

1970 ............ 108,343 4,104 14,972 12,704 10,156 9,219 9,685 10,026 9,169 7,922 6,676 5,242 3,781 4,688

1975 ............ 123,150 5,304 16,938 17,057 12,716 10,148 9,237 9,605 9,716 8,630 7,513 6,204 4,385 5,698

1980 ............ 140,387 6,558 19,153 19,269 17,199 12,785 10,239 9,210 9,402 9,267 8,232 6,957 5,197 6,919

1985 ............ 150,868 4,301 17,735 20,771 19,298 17,100 12,779 10,205 9,042 9,020 8,842 7,507 5,889 8,380

1986 ............ 153,232 4,384 17,288 20,872 19,746 17,383 13,801 10,655 9,092 8,947 8,734 7,690 5,992 8,649

1987 ............ 155,730 4,545 16,824 20,840 20,195 17,723 14,539 11,310 9,305 8,795 8,787 7,837 6,078 8,953

1988 ............ 158,295 4,874 16,394 20,787 20,467 18,230 15,305 11,845 9,600 8,708 8,709 7,942 6,200 9,234

1989 ............ 161,346 5,045 16,333 20,770 20,777 18,760 16,159 12,350 9,768 8,746 8,711 8,116 6,244 9,567

1990 ............ 164,012 4,805 16,449 20,468 21,096 19,312 17,099 12,725 10,046 8,749 8,811 8,170 6,399 9,884

1991 ............ 165,948 4,325 16,440 19,971 21,327 19,807 17,432 13,696 10,480 8,807 8,727 8,133 6,617 10,186

1992 ............ 167,488 3,960 16,132 19,382 21,380 20,304 17,764 14,470 11,098 9,004 8,545 8,176 6,768 10,507

1993 ............ 169,159 3,743 15,735 18,873 21,378 20,681 18,257 15,199 11,655 9,271 8,500 8,174 6,876 10,817

1994 ............ 170,818 3,753 15,235 18,560 21,231 20,984 18,778 16,023 12,153 9,475 8,403 8,117 7,037 11,070

1995 ............ 173,170 3,983 14,858 18,555 20,858 21,251 19,313 16,918 12,554 9,748 8,512 8,126 7,093 11,402

1996 ............ 175,297 4,226 14,614 18,541 20,355 21,436 19,803 17,375 13,378 10,159 8,492 8,075 7,071 11,772

1997 ............ 177,749 4,368 14,687 18,413 19,823 21,521 20,288 17,657 14,239 10,712 8,771 8,012 7,140 12,117

1998 ............ 180,042 4,593 14,945 18,151 19,377 21,557 20,676 18,115 14,939 11,297 8,905 7,915 7,156 12,417

1999 ............ 182,417 4,701 15,333 17,771 19,111 21,431 21,024 18,641 15,740 11,781 9,170 7,917 7,102 12,695

2000 ............ 184,789 4,793 15,798 17,348 19,078 21,110 21,317 19,195 16,619 12,194 9,382 7,895 7,108 12,951

2001 ............ 187,261 4,846 16,302 17,080 19,095 20,623 21,532 19,745 17,146 12,951 9,732 7,968 7,064 13,178

Male:

1970 ............ 62,946 2,702 8,563 7,108 5,861 5,431 5,681 5,766 5,298 4,694 3,905 3,025 2,172 2,742

1975 ............ 69,315 3,210 9,376 9,230 7,153 5,847 5,367 5,543 5,527 4,919 4,278 3,426 2,413 3,024

1980 ............ 76,634 3,700 10,223 10,198 9,311 7,119 5,788 5,247 5,338 5,213 4,567 3,762 2,751 3,416

1985 ............ 80,721 2,325 9,407 10,871 10,233 9,220 7,029 5,676 5,073 5,052 4,861 3,991 3,067 3,917

1986 ............ 81,703 2,349 9,139 10,911 10,434 9,306 7,554 5,892 5,086 5,003 4,797 4,105 3,113 4,016

1987 ............ 82,744 2,419 8,850 10,885 10,647 9,428 7,898 6,227 5,190 4,905 4,834 4,182 3,146 4,133

1988 ............ 83,808 2,588 8,596 10,850 10,762 9,647 8,251 6,486 5,332 4,847 4,780 4,237 3,196 4,237

1989 ............ 85,239 2,697 8,579 10,860 10,889 9,904 8,652 6,726 5,394 4,854 4,778 4,326 3,214 4,367

1990 ............ 86,472 2,568 8,652 10,729 11,050 10,177 9,092 6,894 5,514 4,849 4,823 4,339 3,299 4,488

1991 ............ 87,287 2,303 8,616 10,475 11,174 10,420 9,211 7,382 5,718 4,873 4,783 4,318 3,411 4,606

1992 ............ 87,893 2,077 8,463 10,157 11,205 10,674 9,343 7,749 6,028 4,966 4,678 4,337 3,486 4,730

1993 ............ 88,536 1,957 8,228 9,869 11,208 10,857 9,575 8,088 6,297 5,091 4,639 4,334 3,542 4,851

1994 ............ 89,190 1,962 7,953 9,690 11,128 10,996 9,838 8,476 6,534 5,172 4,567 4,300 3,622 4,952

1995 ............ 90,178 2,078 7,704 9,661 10,933 11,116 10,104 8,901 6,721 5,289 4,625 4,307 3,638 5,100

1996 ............ 91,060 2,177 7,561 9,626 10,662 11,200 10,348 9,096 7,130 5,484 4,606 4,277 3,628 5,266

1997 ............ 92,056 2,250 7,567 9,522 10,362 11,234 10,591 9,208 7,547 5,760 4,730 4,232 3,651 5,402

1998 ............ 92,974 2,363 7,665 9,357 10,100 11,242 10,783 9,422 7,867 6,042 4,777 4,170 3,656 5,530

1999 ............ 94,021 2,427 7,845 9,125 9,934 11,173 10,948 9,683 8,251 6,276 4,902 4,167 3,634 5,657

2000 ............ 95,040 2,473 8,075 8,875 9,882 11,003 11,076 9,958 8,674 6,468 4,991 4,141 3,651 5,772

2001 ............ 96,135 2,498 8,340 8,712 9,854 10,739 11,168 10,233 8,908 6,843 5,170 4,163 3,634 5,875

Female:

1970 ............ 45,398 1,402 6,409 5,597 4,295 3,788 4,004 4,260 3,872 3,229 2,771 2,217 1,608 1,947

1975 ............ 53,836 2,094 7,562 7,827 5,563 4,301 3,870 4,061 4,189 3,710 3,235 2,778 1,972 2,674

1980 ............ 63,752 2,858 8,931 9,071 7,888 5,666 4,452 3,963 4,064 4,054 3,664 3,195 2,446 3,503

1985 ............ 70,147 1,976 8,328 9,900 9,066 7,880 5,750 4,528 3,969 3,968 3,981 3,516 2,822 4,464

1986 ............ 71,529 2,035 8,149 9,961 9,312 8,077 6,248 4,763 4,006 3,944 3,937 3,585 2,879 4,633

1987 ............ 72,986 2,126 7,974 9,955 9,548 8,295 6,641 5,083 4,115 3,889 3,953 3,655 2,931 4,820

1988 ............ 74,487 2,286 7,798 9,937 9,705 8,583 7,054 5,359 4,268 3,861 3,929 3,705 3,004 4,997

1989 ............ 76,107 2,348 7,754 9,911 9,888 8,857 7,507 5,625 4,374 3,892 3,933 3,790 3,029 5,200

1990 ............ 77,540 2,237 7,796 9,739 10,047 9,135 8,007 5,831 4,532 3,900 3,988 3,831 3,100 5,396

1991 ............ 78,662 2,023 7,825 9,496 10,153 9,387 8,221 6,314 4,762 3,934 3,944 3,815 3,206 5,581

1992 ............ 79,595 1,883 7,670 9,225 10,175 9,630 8,421 6,721 5,069 4,038 3,867 3,839 3,282 5,777

1993 ............ 80,623 1,786 7,508 9,004 10,170 9,824 8,682 7,112 5,358 4,180 3,860 3,840 3,335 5,966

1994 ............ 81,628 1,791 7,282 8,869 10,103 9,988 8,940 7,547 5,619 4,303 3,836 3,817 3,415 6,118

1995 ............ 82,991 1,905 7,153 8,894 9,925 10,135 9,208 8,017 5,833 4,459 3,887 3,819 3,455 6,301

1996 ............ 84,237 2,048 7,053 8,915 9,694 10,236 9,454 8,279 6,248 4,675 3,886 3,799 3,443 6,506

1997 ............ 85,693 2,119 7,119 8,892 9,462 10,287 9,698 8,449 6,691 4,952 4,041 3,780 3,489 6,715

1998 ............ 87,068 2,231 7,281 8,794 9,276 10,314 9,893 8,693 7,072 5,255 4,128 3,745 3,500 6,887

1999 ............ 88,396 2,274 7,488 8,646 9,177 10,258 10,076 8,959 7,489 5,505 4,268 3,750 3,468 7,038

2000 ............ 89,749 2,320 7,723 8,473 9,197 10,107 10,240 9,237 7,945 5,726 4,392 3,754 3,458 7,179

2001 ............ 91,126 2,348 7,962 8,368 9,241 9,885 10,364 9,512 8,238 6,108 4,563 3,805 3,430 7,303

See footnotes at end of table.
4.C OASDI: Insured Workers

CONTACT: Jeff Kunkel (410) 965-3013 for further information.

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 171

Disability insured

Total:

1970 ............ 74,504 3,860 12,432 9,858 7,257 6,743 7,399 7,817 7,250 6,486 5,401 . . . . . . . . .

1975 ............ 85,305 4,948 14,144 13,289 9,313 7,610 7,271 7,762 7,892 7,035 6,041 . . . . . . . . .

1980 ............ 100,329 6,341 17,410 16,104 12,997 9,788 8,267 7,628 7,888 7,669 6,238 . . . . . . . . .

1985 ............ 109,572 4,105 15,868 17,976 15,851 13,683 10,661 8,747 7,780 7,763 7,138 . . . . . . . . .

1986 ............ 111,647 4,198 15,636 18,143 16,380 14,195 11,370 9,048 7,890 7,669 7,118 . . . . . . . . .

1987 ............ 113,499 4,325 15,243 18,229 16,781 14,478 12,128 9,615 7,985 7,560 7,155 . . . . . . . . .

1988 ............ 115,679 4,631 14,969 18,180 17,109 14,945 12,778 10,162 8,258 7,493 7,154 . . . . . . . . .

1989 ............ 118,062 4,795 14,939 18,172 17,375 15,521 13,530 10,616 8,486 7,541 7,087 . . . . . . . . .

1990 ............ 120,081 4,541 15,023 17,954 17,691 16,099 14,339 10,991 8,759 7,569 7,116 . . . . . . . . .

1991 ............ 121,530 4,047 14,788 17,620 17,946 16,653 14,890 11,743 9,075 7,700 7,070 . . . . . . . . .

1992 ............ 122,883 3,655 14,295 17,188 18,204 17,178 15,203 12,610 9,683 7,823 7,045 . . . . . . . . .

1993 ............ 124,430 3,461 13,945 16,758 18,341 17,646 15,672 13,262 10,261 8,093 6,991 . . . . . . . . .

1994 ............ 126,205 3,514 13,639 16,433 18,358 17,957 16,234 14,029 10,724 8,310 7,009 . . . . . . . . .

1995 ............ 128,233 3,763 13,374 16,409 18,068 18,291 16,787 14,823 11,095 8,571 7,051 . . . . . . . . .

1996 ............ 130,315 4,021 13,206 16,440 17,665 18,507 17,278 15,328 11,839 8,889 7,142 . . . . . . . . .

1997 ............ 132,229 4,160 13,392 16,293 17,212 18,620 17,685 15,540 12,652 9,440 7,234 . . . . . . . . .

1998 ............ 134,196 4,376 13,626 16,104 16,803 18,673 18,036 15,925 13,255 9,970 7,428 . . . . . . . . .

1999 ............ 136,367 4,461 13,992 15,867 16,652 18,527 18,317 16,498 14,007 10,384 7,662 . . . . . . . . .

2000 ............ 138,698 4,556 14,515 15,534 16,649 18,335 18,677 16,986 14,798 10,778 7,871 . . . . . . . . .

2001 ............ 141,028 4,602 15,061 15,335 16,737 17,964 18,921 17,501 15,295 11,441 8,172 . . . . . . . . .

Male:

1970 ............ 49,847 2,550 7,622 6,519 5,331 4,956 5,191 5,218 4,722 4,224 3,512 . . . . . . . . .

1975 ............ 54,323 3,004 8,274 8,191 6,400 5,320 4,911 5,037 4,977 4,389 3,822 . . . . . . . . .

1980 ............ 60,140 3,586 9,607 9,218 8,068 6,348 5,238 4,733 4,833 4,672 3,837 . . . . . . . . .

1985 ............ 62,896 2,219 8,650 9,952 9,169 8,105 6,319 5,124 4,561 4,570 4,227 . . . . . . . . .

1986 ............ 63,611 2,250 8,455 9,980 9,415 8,327 6,667 5,237 4,603 4,479 4,198 . . . . . . . . .

1987 ............ 64,231 2,298 8,190 9,970 9,583 8,413 7,052 5,513 4,635 4,372 4,205 . . . . . . . . .

1988 ............ 65,069 2,453 8,014 9,927 9,689 8,611 7,344 5,802 4,735 4,312 4,183 . . . . . . . . .

1989 ............ 66,052 2,562 7,990 9,886 9,777 8,873 7,700 6,005 4,833 4,309 4,118 . . . . . . . . .

1990 ............ 66,898 2,424 8,039 9,749 9,909 9,157 8,070 6,175 4,941 4,319 4,116 . . . . . . . . .

1991 ............ 67,380 2,145 7,907 9,549 9,985 9,435 8,309 6,553 5,064 4,380 4,052 . . . . . . . . .

1992 ............ 67,837 1,906 7,644 9,296 10,095 9,691 8,432 6,982 5,363 4,425 4,003 . . . . . . . . .

1993 ............ 68,435 1,806 7,426 9,042 10,177 9,892 8,650 7,287 5,665 4,532 3,959 . . . . . . . . .

1994 ............ 69,150 1,829 7,263 8,824 10,156 10,028 8,944 7,651 5,878 4,632 3,946 . . . . . . . . .

1995 ............ 69,979 1,957 7,079 8,774 9,971 10,186 9,244 8,020 6,054 4,737 3,957 . . . . . . . . .

1996 ............ 70,815 2,068 6,948 8,747 9,720 10,272 9,509 8,252 6,435 4,863 4,003 . . . . . . . . .

1997 ............ 71,591 2,139 6,987 8,647 9,438 10,296 9,716 8,336 6,843 5,146 4,044 . . . . . . . . .

1998 ............ 72,370 2,245 7,071 8,491 9,165 10,320 9,869 8,527 7,132 5,428 4,123 . . . . . . . . .

1999 ............ 72,832 2,306 7,245 8,333 9,007 10,094 9,900 8,755 7,417 5,562 4,214 . . . . . . . . .

2000 ............ 73,955 2,355 7,542 8,114 8,943 9,990 10,106 9,021 7,815 5,775 4,294 . . . . . . . . .

2001 ............ 74,880 2,376 7,838 7,979 8,953 9,755 10,202 9,257 8,010 6,075 4,437 . . . . . . . . .

Female:

1970 ............ 24,656 1,310 4,810 3,339 1,926 1,787 2,208 2,599 2,527 2,262 1,889 . . . . . . . . .

1975 ............ 30,982 1,945 5,870 5,098 2,913 2,290 2,360 2,726 2,915 2,646 2,219 . . . . . . . . .

1980 ............ 40,189 2,755 7,804 6,886 4,929 3,441 3,028 2,894 3,055 2,997 2,401 . . . . . . . . .

1985 ............ 46,676 1,886 7,218 8,025 6,682 5,578 4,342 3,622 3,219 3,193 2,911 . . . . . . . . .

1986 ............ 48,036 1,948 7,182 8,163 6,965 5,868 4,703 3,811 3,287 3,190 2,920 . . . . . . . . .

1987 ............ 49,268 2,027 7,054 8,259 7,198 6,064 5,075 4,102 3,351 3,188 2,950 . . . . . . . . .

1988 ............ 50,610 2,178 6,955 8,252 7,420 6,334 5,434 4,360 3,524 3,181 2,971 . . . . . . . . .

1989 ............ 52,009 2,233 6,949 8,286 7,598 6,648 5,830 4,610 3,653 3,233 2,970 . . . . . . . . .

1990 ............ 53,183 2,116 6,984 8,206 7,782 6,942 6,269 4,816 3,818 3,250 3,000 . . . . . . . . .

1991 ............ 54,150 1,902 6,881 8,071 7,960 7,217 6,581 5,190 4,010 3,320 3,019 . . . . . . . . .

1992 ............ 55,046 1,749 6,652 7,892 8,109 7,487 6,771 5,628 4,319 3,398 3,041 . . . . . . . . .

1993 ............ 55,995 1,656 6,519 7,715 8,165 7,754 7,022 5,974 4,597 3,561 3,033 . . . . . . . . .

1994 ............ 57,055 1,685 6,376 7,609 8,202 7,929 7,289 6,378 4,845 3,678 3,063 . . . . . . . . .

1995 ............ 58,254 1,806 6,295 7,635 8,097 8,105 7,544 6,803 5,042 3,834 3,094 . . . . . . . . .

1996 ............ 59,500 1,953 6,258 7,693 7,946 8,234 7,769 7,077 5,404 4,026 3,139 . . . . . . . . .

1997 ............ 60,639 2,021 6,405 7,646 7,775 8,325 7,969 7,205 5,809 4,295 3,190 . . . . . . . . .

1998 ............ 61,827 2,131 6,556 7,613 7,637 8,354 8,167 7,398 6,124 4,541 3,306 . . . . . . . . .

1999 ............ 63,535 2,155 6,747 7,534 7,645 8,433 8,417 7,743 6,590 4,823 3,448 . . . . . . . . .

2000 ............ 64,743 2,201 6,972 7,419 7,706 8,345 8,571 7,966 6,983 5,003 3,577 . . . . . . . . .

2001 ............ 66,147 2,227 7,222 7,356 7,783 8,209 8,719 8,244 7,285 5,367 3,735 . . . . . . . . .

 1 Figures are subject to revision.

Table 4.C2.—Estimated number, 1 by insured status, age, and sex, 1970–2001—Continued

[In thousands]

December 31 Total Under 20 20–24 25–29 30–34 35–39 40–44 45–49 50–54 55–59 60–64 65–69 70–74

75 or

older
4.C OASDI: Insured Workers

CONTACT: Felicitie Bell (410) 965-3020 for further information.

172 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Table 4.C5.—Population in the Social Security area:1 Estimated number and percentage fully insured, by age and 

sex, 1997–2001

[Numbers in thousands]

 1 The population referred to as “population in the Social Security area” includes residents of the 50 states and the District of Columbia adjusted for net census undercount; 

civilian residents of Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, Guam, American Samoa and the Northern Mariana Islands; federal civilian employees and persons in the Armed Forces 

abroad and their dependents; crew members of merchant vessels; and all other U.S. citizens abroad. Population estimates are subject to revision.

Age attained at end of year

1997 1998 1999 2000 2001

Population

Percent

 fully

insured Population

Percent

 fully

insured Population

Percent

 fully

insured Population

Percent

 fully

insured Population

Percent

 fully

insured

 Total.................................................. 279,703 2 87

 2 Percent of population fully insured aged 20 or older.

 282,024 2 87 284,388 2 88 286,765 2 88 289,114 2 88

Under 15 ............................................... 61,331 (3)

 3 Less than 0.5 percent.

61,579 (3) 61,810 (3) 61,966 (3) 62,096 (3)

15–19.................................................... 19,580 22 19,830 23 19,957 24 20,077 24 20,183 24

20–24.................................................... 18,096 81 18,363 81 18,777 82 19,247 82 19,681 83

25–29.................................................... 19,964 92 19,658 92 19,248 92 18,806 92 18,552 92

30–34.................................................... 21,517 92 21,014 92 20,681 92 20,604 93 20,565 93

35–39.................................................... 23,508 92 23,451 92 23,263 92 22,869 92 22,326 92

40–44.................................................... 22,195 91 22,625 91 22,991 91 23,296 92 23,475 92

45–49.................................................... 19,378 91 19,821 91 20,359 92 20,928 92 21,506 92

50–54.................................................... 16,013 89 16,668 90 17,470 90 18,361 91 18,865 91

55–59.................................................... 12,548 85 13,095 86 13,562 87 13,938 87 14,694 88

60–64.................................................... 10,491 84 10,712 83 10,917 84 11,138 84 11,475 85

65–69.................................................... 9,846 81 9,688 82 9,602 82 9,575 82 9,595 83

70–74.................................................... 8,950 80 8,958 80 8,936 79 8,922 80 8,864 80

75 or older............................................. 16,288 74 16,563 75 16,815 75 17,038 76 17,236 76

 Male ................................................. 137, 921 2 93 139,108 2 93 140,316 2 93 141,530 2 93 142,729 2 93

Under 15 ............................................... 31,368 (3) 31,490 (3) 31,607 (3) 31,687 (3) 31,754 (3)

15–19.................................................... 10,028 22 10,157 23 10,219 24 10,277 24 10,327 24

20–24.................................................... 9,212 82 9,358 82 9,584 82 9,835 82 10,064 83

25–29.................................................... 10,093 94 9,928 94 9,723 94 9,510 93 9,396 93

30–34.................................................... 10,888 95 10,622 95 10,442 95 10,389 95 10,358 95

35–39.................................................... 11,884 95 11,855 95 11,756 95 11,549 95 11,266 95

40–44.................................................... 11,141 95 11,366 95 11,559 95 11,720 95 11,816 95

45–49.................................................... 9,645 95 9,867 95 10,141 95 10,431 95 10,728 95

50–54.................................................... 7,916 95 8,241 95 8,640 95 9,083 95 9,331 95

55–59.................................................... 6,137 94 6,407 94 6,636 95 6,820 95 7,195 95

60–64.................................................... 5,042 94 5,153 93 5,254 93 5,364 93 5,530 93

65–69.................................................... 4,599 92 4,534 92 4,497 93 4,488 92 4,505 92

70–74.................................................... 3,970 92 3,992 92 4,001 91 4,012 91 3,998 91

75 or older............................................. 5,998 90 6,138 90 6,258 90 6,364 91 6,460 91

 Female ............................................. 141,781 2 82 142,917 2 82 144,072 2 83 145,236 2 83 146,385 2 84

Under 15 ............................................... 29,963 (3) 30,089 (3) 30,202 (3) 30,279 (3) 30,342 (3)

15–19.................................................... 9,551 22 9,673 23 9,738 23 9,800 24 9,856 24

20–24.................................................... 8,884 80 9,005 81 9,193 81 9,412 82 9,617 83

25–29.................................................... 9,871 90 9,730 90 9,525 91 9,296 91 9,156 91

30–34.................................................... 10,629 89 10,393 89 10,239 90 10,215 90 10,207 91

35–39.................................................... 11,624 88 11,597 89 11,508 89 11,319 89 11,061 89

40–44.................................................... 11,054 88 11,259 88 11,431 88 11,575 88 11,659 89

45–49.................................................... 9,733 87 9,954 87 10,218 88 10,497 88 10,777 88

50–54.................................................... 8,096 83 8,427 84 8,830 85 9,278 86 9,534 86

55–59.................................................... 6,411 77 6,688 79 6,926 79 7,118 80 7,498 81

60–64.................................................... 5,449 74 5,559 74 5,663 75 5,774 76 5,945 77

65–69.................................................... 5,247 72 5,154 73 5,105 73 5,086 74 5,091 75

70–74.................................................... 4,980 70 4,966 70 4,936 70 4,910 70 4,866 70

75 or older............................................. 10,290 65 10,425 66 10,558 67 10,674 67 10,775 68
4.C OASDI: Insured Workers

CONTACT: Felicitie Bell (410) 965-3020 for further information.

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 173

Table 4.C6.—Period life table, 1998

Exact

age

Male Female

Exact

age

Male Female

Death

 probability 1

 1 Probability of dying within one year.

Number

 of lives 2

 2 Number of survivors out of 100,000 born alive.

Life

 expectancy

Death

 probability 1

Number

 of lives 2

Life

 expectancy

Death

 probability 1

Number

 of lives 2

Life

 expectancy

Death

 probability 1

Number

 of lives 2

Life

 expectancy

0 ..... 0.007845 100,000 73.52 0.006550 100,000 79.31 60...... 0.013329 84,161 19.20 0.008121 90,680 22.98

1 ..... .000560 99,216 73.10 .000494 99,345 78.83 61...... .014585 83,040 18.45 .008906 89,944 22.16

2 ..... .000391 99,160 72.15 .000312 99,296 77.87 62...... .016056 81,829 17.72 .009806 89,143 21.36

3 ..... .000285 99,121 71.17 .000236 99,265 76.90 63...... .017782 80,515 17.00 .010839 88,269 20.56

4 ..... .000236 99,093 70.19 .000187 99,242 75.91 64...... .019723 79,083 16.30 .011991 87,312 19.78

5 ..... .000220 99,070 69.21 .000171 99,223 74.93 65...... .021891 77,523 15.62 .013284 86,265 19.02

6 ..... .000215 99,048 68.23 .000161 99,206 73.94 66...... .024165 75,826 14.95 .014658 85,119 18.27

7 ..... .000208 99,026 67.24 .000153 99,190 72.95 67...... .026396 73,994 14.31 .016025 83,871 17.53

8 ..... .000191 99,006 66.25 .000145 99,175 71.96 68...... .028513 72,041 13.69 .017350 82,527 16.81

9 ..... .000168 98,987 65.27 .000135 99,160 70.97 69...... .030624 69,987 13.07 .018697 81,095 16.10

10 ..... .000148 98,970 64.28 .000129 99,147 69.98 70...... .032968 67,843 12.47 .020230 79,579 15.39

11...... .000155 98,956 63.29 .000132 99,134 68.99 71...... .035655 65,607 11.88 .021996 77,969 14.70

12 ..... .000212 98,940 62.30 .000152 99,121 68.00 72...... .038609 63,267 11.30 .023910 76,254 14.02

13 ..... .000334 98,919 61.31 .000196 99,106 67.01 73...... .041865 60,825 10.73 .025981 74,431 13.35

14 ..... .000502 98,886 60.33 .000254 99,087 66.03 74...... .045483 58,278 10.18 .028277 72,497 12.70

15 ..... .000688 98,837 59.36 .000322 99,062 65.04 75...... .049533 55,628 9.64 .030928 70,447 12.05

16 ..... .000862 98,769 58.40 .000385 99,030 64.06 76...... .054076 52,872 9.12 .033988 68,268 11.42

17 ..... .001016 98,684 57.45 .000430 98,992 63.09 77...... .059153 50,013 8.61 .037428 65,948 10.80

18 ..... .001137 98,583 56.51 .000450 98,949 62.11 78...... .064811 47,055 8.12 .041280 63,480 10.20

19 ..... .001230 98,471 55.57 .000452 98,904 61.14 79...... .071088 44,005 7.65 .045613 60,859 9.62

20 ..... .001324 98,350 54.64 .000450 98,860 60.17 80...... .078040 40,877 7.20 .050572 58,083 9.06

21 ..... .001414 98,220 53.71 .000454 98,815 59.20 81...... .085676 37,687 6.76 .056188 55,146 8.51

22 ..... .001467 98,081 52.79 .000460 98,770 58.22 82...... .093986 34,458 6.35 .062399 52,047 7.99

23 ..... .001474 97,937 51.86 .000472 98,725 57.25 83...... .102981 31,219 5.96 .069221 48,800 7.49

24 ..... .001448 97,793 50.94 .000490 98,678 56.28 84...... .112720 28,004 5.58 .076760 45,422 7.01

25 ..... .001407 97,651 50.01 .000509 98,630 55.30 85...... .123271 24,848 5.23 .085146 41,935 6.55

26 ..... .001376 97,514 49.08 .000529 98,580 54.33 86...... .134690 21,785 4.89 .094488 38,365 6.11

27 ..... .001365 97,380 48.15 .000556 98,528 53.36 87...... .147013 18,851 4.58 .104868 34,740 5.70

28 ..... .001386 97,247 47.21 .000589 98,473 52.39 88...... .160256 16,079 4.28 .116326 31,097 5.31

29 ..... .001434 97,112 46.28 .000629 98,415 51.42 89...... .174414 13,502 4.00 .128874 27,479 4.94

30 ..... .001491 96,973 45.35 .000674 98,353 50.45 90...... .189473 11,147 3.74 .142507 23,938 4.60

31 ..... .001551 96,828 44.41 .000723 98,287 49.49 91...... .205410 9,035 3.50 .157207 20,527 4.28

32 ..... .001618 96,678 43.48 .000779 98,216 48.52 92...... .222195 7,179 3.28 .172950 17,300 3.98

33 ..... .001692 96,521 42.55 .000842 98,139 47.56 93...... .239796 5,584 3.07 .189705 14,308 3.71

34 ..... .001775 96,358 41.62 .000911 98,056 46.60 94...... .258174 4,245 2.88 .207437 11,593 3.46

35 ..... .001872 96,187 40.69 .000988 97,967 45.64 95...... .276585 3,149 2.71 .225438 9,189 3.24

36 ..... .001985 96,007 39.77 .001071 97,870 44.68 96...... .294835 2,278 2.56 .243491 7,117 3.04

37 ..... .002115 95,816 38.85 .001157 97,766 43.73 97...... .312719 1,606 2.42 .261361 5,384 2.85

38 ..... .002262 95,614 37.93 .001246 97,652 42.78 98...... .330021 1,104 2.29 .278792 3,977 2.68

39 ..... .002428 95,397 37.01 .001338 97,531 41.84 99...... .346522 740 2.17 .295520 2,868 2.53

40 ..... .002613 95,166 36.10 .001442 97,400 40.89 100 ..... .363848 483 2.06 .313251 2,021 2.38

41 ..... .002816 94,917 35.20 .001557 97,260 39.95 101 ..... .382040 308 1.95 .332046 1,388 2.24

42 ..... .003040 94,650 34.29 .001677 97,108 39.01 102 ..... .401142 190 1.84 .351969 927 2.10

43 ..... .003285 94,362 33.40 .001801 96,946 38.08 103 ..... .421199 114 1.74 .373087 601 1.97

44 ..... .003551 94,052 32.51 .001933 96,771 37.14 104 ..... .442259 66 1.64 .395472 377 1.85

45 ..... .003853 93,718 31.62 .002081 96,584 36.21 105 ..... .464372 37 1.55 .419200 228 1.73

46 ..... .004180 93,357 30.74 .002252 96,383 35.29 106 ..... .487591 20 1.46 .444352 132 1.62

47 ..... .004514 92,967 29.87 .002447 96,166 34.37 107 ..... .511970 10 1.37 .471013 73 1.51

48 ..... .004848 92,547 29.00 .002669 95,930 33.45 108 ..... .537569 5 1.29 .499274 39 1.40

49 ..... .005197 92,099 28.14 .002920 95,674 32.54 109 ..... .564447 2 1.21 .529230 19 1.31

50 ..... .005586 91,620 27.28 .003204 95,395 31.63 110...... .592669 1 1.14 .560984 9 1.21

51 ..... .006035 91,108 26.43 .003519 95,089 30.73 111...... .622303 0 1.06 .594643 4 1.12

52 ..... .006544 90,558 25.59 .003863 94,755 29.84 112...... .653418 0 1.00 .630322 2 1.04

53 ..... .007122 89,966 24.76 .004236 94,389 28.95 113...... .686089 0 0.93 .668141 1 0.96

54 ..... .007775 89,325 23.93 .004645 93,989 28.07 114...... .720393 0 0.86 .708230 0 0.88

55 ..... .008515 88,630 23.11 .005106 93,552 27.20 115...... .756413 0 0.80 .750723 0 0.81

56 ..... .009338 87,876 22.31 .005619 93,075 26.34 116...... .794234 0 0.74 .794234 0 0.74

57 ..... .010226 87,055 21.51 .006173 92,552 25.49 117...... .833945 0 0.69 .833945 0 0.69

58 ..... .011176 86,165 20.73 .006768 91,980 24.64 118...... .875642 0 0.63 .875642 0 0.63

59 ..... .012212 85,202 19.96 .007417 91,358 23.80 119...... .919424 0 0.58 .919424 0 0.58
5.A OASDI Current-Pay Benefits: Summary

174 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Table 5.A1.—Number and average monthly benefit, by type of benefit, race,1 age, and sex, December 2000

[Based on 10-percent sample]

Age and sex

Total 2 White Black Other 3

Number 4

Average

monthly

benefit Number

Average

monthly

benefit Number

Average

monthly

benefit Number

Average

monthly

benefit

OASDI 5..................................................................... 45,417,470 $767.40 38,853,370 $791.50 4,622,040 $635.70 1,768,950 $589.50

OASI ...................................................................... 38,742,190 787.80 34,046,540 807.60 3,423,580 652.40 1,151,500 611.10

DI............................................................................ 6,675,280 649.10 4,806,830 677.50 1,198,460 587.90 617,450 549.30

Retired workers

 Total ................................................................ 28,505,990 $844.60 25,401,010 $859.90 2,282,550 $724.20 749,030 $697.40

62–64......................................................................... 2,553,070 766.10 2,245,920 779.20 218,270 695.70 88,700 605.30

62 ............................................................................ 703,160 768.80 620,630 781.20 57,820 704.60 24,680 607.10

63 ............................................................................ 903,650 772.70 792,860 786.70 79,560 697.70 31,200 607.90

64 ............................................................................ 946,260 757.70 832,430 770.70 80,890 687.40 32,820 601.60

65–69......................................................................... 7,284,590 836.20 6,357,910 853.60 663,140 730.80 256,640 680.90

65 ............................................................................ 1,531,390 830.30 1,328,440 847.80 143,170 726.30 58,900 690.60

66 ............................................................................ 1,504,200 828.50 1,309,340 846.00 139,380 730.00 54,410 664.20

67 ............................................................................ 1,414,230 835.50 1,230,690 853.30 130,190 729.80 52,050 681.70

68 ............................................................................ 1,433,030 848.80 1,250,750 866.30 133,370 741.40 47,480 692.60

69 ............................................................................ 1,401,740 838.50 1,238,690 855.10 117,030 726.60 43,800 674.80

70–74......................................................................... 6,635,980 842.20 5,910,520 857.40 530,770 724.50 176,110 700.90

70 ............................................................................ 1,413,290 835.90 1,252,630 852.20 115,180 724.00 43,200 671.20

71 ............................................................................ 1,334,670 834.60 1,184,530 850.00 109,380 720.80 37,190 695.60

72 ............................................................................ 1,332,720 845.80 1,187,840 860.50 106,000 729.20 34,900 719.10

73 ............................................................................ 1,312,050 851.30 1,171,250 866.80 103,910 725.30 32,720 714.70

74 ............................................................................ 1,243,250 843.90 1,114,270 857.80 96,300 723.10 28,100 714.70

75–79......................................................................... 5,472,830 839.70 4,933,570 853.10 400,320 714.90 117,600 718.90

75 ............................................................................ 1,199,840 855.10 1,077,070 869.50 91,040 727.80 27,380 728.10

76 ............................................................................ 1,170,200 840.50 1,053,630 854.10 86,680 715.60 25,410 720.90

77 ............................................................................ 1,088,150 833.90 982,550 846.90 77,680 710.40 24,070 713.20

78 ............................................................................ 1,021,090 833.40 919,150 846.20 75,600 713.70 21,840 718.40

79 ............................................................................ 993,550 833.00 901,170 845.80 69,320 703.70 18,900 711.00

80–84......................................................................... 3,623,140 884.00 3,292,210 897.30 251,440 742.10 63,520 764.40

80 ............................................................................ 888,300 832.40 805,650 844.60 61,840 708.00 16,870 714.80

81 ............................................................................ 771,160 847.50 696,560 860.60 57,030 716.90 14,040 726.50

82 ............................................................................ 733,940 887.90 669,000 901.20 49,190 743.40 12,500 752.20

83 ............................................................................ 650,080 914.90 593,240 928.00 42,740 760.20 11,140 812.90

84 ............................................................................ 579,660 972.10 527,760 986.40 40,640 808.50 8,970 874.00

85–89......................................................................... 1,984,990 927.70 1,806,220 941.90 138,780 760.70 32,010 829.90

85 ............................................................................ 517,920 957.60 472,570 971.30 34,310 792.40 8,720 862.10

86 ............................................................................ 464,190 941.10 421,690 956.00 33,100 767.60 7,420 842.60

87 ............................................................................ 394,470 923.20 359,220 937.20 27,320 759.30 6,360 813.40

88 ............................................................................ 335,700 901.10 304,210 915.10 24,730 741.90 5,350 807.80

89 ............................................................................ 272,710 887.00 248,530 901.40 19,320 718.30 4,160 793.50

90–94......................................................................... 751,790 855.50 679,090 871.30 59,330 690.20 11,360 755.70

95 or older.................................................................. 199,600 787.50 175,570 807.70 20,500 623.80 3,090 724.20

 Men ................................................................... 14,771,930 951.50 13,226,180 970.90 1,092,320 795.10 420,740 752.60

62–64......................................................................... 1,330,230 913.70 1,167,190 937.40 114,470 773.90 48,430 671.70

62 ............................................................................ 358,360 929.20 315,670 952.10 29,560 792.10 13,110 686.50

63 ............................................................................ 471,970 922.70 413,170 948.10 41,800 774.50 16,980 668.90

64 ............................................................................ 499,900 894.00 438,350 916.80 43,110 760.70 18,340 663.70

65–69......................................................................... 4,075,670 964.40 3,579,810 988.70 343,810 808.40 147,690 742.90

65 ............................................................................ 856,350 966.20 747,470 991.50 74,580 809.60 33,740 753.60

66 ............................................................................ 842,380 958.50 737,280 983.50 72,780 808.60 31,690 724.90

67 ............................................................................ 793,440 962.00 694,860 986.90 67,460 805.00 30,270 744.80

68 ............................................................................ 798,950 976.50 701,670 1,001.00 69,240 816.90 27,120 756.10

69 ............................................................................ 784,550 958.80 698,530 980.70 59,750 800.60 24,870 734.70

70–74......................................................................... 3,630,930 955.30 3,257,570 974.80 266,370 796.40 98,390 753.70

70 ............................................................................ 786,300 952.50 701,970 973.80 59,460 797.20 23,540 718.80

71 ............................................................................ 734,600 948.10 657,800 967.30 54,570 795.70 20,540 755.20

72 ............................................................................ 728,210 961.90 653,810 980.70 53,090 804.90 19,730 780.20

73 ............................................................................ 711,400 965.40 639,450 985.30 51,470 795.70 18,480 761.30

74 ............................................................................ 670,420 948.70 604,540 966.50 47,780 787.40 16,100 761.70

75–79......................................................................... 2,854,830 927.00 2,589,430 942.70 190,430 773.60 65,900 762.80

75 ............................................................................ 635,160 961.50 574,080 979.30 44,220 792.90 14,980 786.40

76 ............................................................................ 613,880 936.70 556,290 953.00 41,480 780.60 14,300 766.00

77 ............................................................................ 569,270 917.90 517,300 933.10 36,660 766.70 13,660 754.60

78 ............................................................................ 530,120 909.10 479,670 924.40 36,010 766.50 12,530 750.20

79 ............................................................................ 506,400 900.90 462,090 914.80 32,060 753.80 10,430 750.60

80–84......................................................................... 1,734,140 953.40 1,587,290 967.20 105,190 797.10 35,050 803.90

80 ............................................................................ 447,630 887.60 408,350 900.40 27,710 746.20 9,920 758.80

81 ............................................................................ 376,510 905.30 342,220 919.00 25,040 763.90 7,850 760.70

82 ............................................................................ 347,810 957.90 319,300 971.40 20,370 803.40 6,760 788.00

83 ............................................................................ 301,000 999.20 277,280 1,012.20 16,540 834.10 5,930 854.90

84 ............................................................................ 261,190 1,076.90 240,140 1,091.70 15,530 894.10 4,590 933.00

See footnotes at end of table.
5.A OASDI Current-Pay Benefits: Summary

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 175

Retired workers—Continued

85–89......................................................................... 827,920 $1,025.80 758,620 $1,039.70 48,740 $850.00 17,420 $893.80

85 ............................................................................ 227,510 1,065.20 209,170 1,077.70 12,730 897.90 4,690 950.60

86 ............................................................................ 197,700 1,038.70 180,600 1,053.50 12,200 858.90 4,070 910.90

87 ............................................................................ 162,970 1,022.00 149,950 1,035.70 9,240 844.90 3,250 861.90

88 ............................................................................ 134,490 992.10 122,870 1,005.70 8,040 815.40 2,980 870.90

89 ............................................................................ 105,250 965.40 96,030 980.50 6,530 789.80 2,430 826.50

90–94......................................................................... 262,460 927.10 237,350 942.80 18,020 754.10 6,410 796.80

95 or older.................................................................. 55,750 867.20 48,920 888.20 5,290 697.70 1,450 782.80

 Women.............................................................. 13,734,060 729.60 12,174,830 739.30 1,190,230 659.20 328,290 626.50

62–64......................................................................... 1,222,840 605.50 1,078,730 608.10 103,800 609.60 40,270 525.50

62 ............................................................................ 344,800 602.00 304,960 604.20 28,260 613.20 11,570 517.20

63 ............................................................................ 431,680 608.80 379,690 611.10 37,760 612.70 14,220 535.10

64 ............................................................................ 446,360 605.00 394,080 608.10 37,780 603.70 14,480 522.90

65–69......................................................................... 3,208,920 673.30 2,778,100 679.40 319,330 647.30 108,950 596.80

65 ............................................................................ 675,040 658.00 580,970 662.90 68,590 635.60 25,160 606.00

66 ............................................................................ 661,820 663.20 572,060 668.80 66,600 644.10 22,720 579.60

67 ............................................................................ 620,790 673.80 535,830 680.10 62,730 649.00 21,780 594.00

68 ............................................................................ 634,080 687.90 549,080 694.20 64,130 659.80 20,360 608.00

69 ............................................................................ 617,190 685.60 540,160 692.80 57,280 649.30 18,930 596.30

70–74......................................................................... 3,005,050 705.50 2,652,950 713.20 264,400 652.00 77,720 634.00

70 ............................................................................ 626,990 689.80 550,660 697.20 55,720 645.70 19,660 614.20

71 ............................................................................ 600,070 695.70 526,730 703.60 54,810 646.20 16,650 622.00

72 ............................................................................ 604,510 705.90 534,030 713.40 52,910 653.30 15,170 639.70

73 ............................................................................ 600,650 716.20 531,800 724.20 52,440 656.10 14,240 654.20

74 ............................................................................ 572,830 721.20 509,730 728.90 48,520 659.80 12,000 651.70

75–79......................................................................... 2,618,000 744.60 2,344,140 754.00 209,890 661.70 51,700 663.00

75 ............................................................................ 564,680 735.60 502,990 744.20 46,820 666.30 12,400 657.70

76 ............................................................................ 556,320 734.50 497,340 743.50 45,200 656.00 11,110 662.90

77 ............................................................................ 518,880 741.80 465,250 751.10 41,020 660.10 10,410 658.90

78 ............................................................................ 490,970 751.50 439,480 760.90 39,590 665.70 9,310 675.60

79 ............................................................................ 487,150 762.40 439,080 773.20 37,260 660.50 8,470 662.10

80–84......................................................................... 1,889,000 820.30 1,704,920 832.20 146,250 702.50 28,470 715.80

80 ............................................................................ 440,670 776.30 397,300 787.10 34,130 677.00 6,950 652.00

81 ............................................................................ 394,650 792.30 354,340 804.30 31,990 680.10 6,190 683.20

82 ............................................................................ 386,130 824.90 349,700 837.10 28,820 701.10 5,740 710.10

83 ............................................................................ 349,080 842.20 315,960 854.20 26,200 713.50 5,210 765.10

84 ............................................................................ 318,470 886.20 287,620 898.50 25,110 755.60 4,380 812.10

85–89......................................................................... 1,157,070 857.40 1,047,600 871.10 90,040 712.30 14,590 753.60

85 ............................................................................ 290,410 873.40 263,400 886.90 21,580 730.20 4,030 759.10

86 ............................................................................ 266,490 868.60 241,090 883.00 20,900 714.30 3,350 759.60

87 ............................................................................ 231,500 853.60 209,270 866.70 18,080 715.60 3,110 762.70

88 ............................................................................ 201,210 840.20 181,340 853.70 16,690 706.50 2,370 728.40

89 ............................................................................ 167,460 837.80 152,500 851.60 12,790 681.80 1,730 747.00

90–94......................................................................... 489,330 817.10 441,740 832.80 41,310 662.40 4,950 702.50

95 or older.................................................................. 143,850 756.60 126,650 776.50 15,210 598.00 1,640 672.50

Disabled workers

 Total .................................................................. 5,035,840 $787.00 3,701,770 $809.30 868,070 $731.40 426,970 $709.90

Under 20 .................................................................... 1,470 334.40 1,100 327.20 220 325.40 150 400.50

20–24......................................................................... 34,260 429.70 24,030 431.90 6,260 421.50 3,960 428.20

20 ............................................................................ 2,920 360.70 1,990 370.40 650 326.50 280 371.40

21 ............................................................................ 4,830 383.70 3,450 387.00 870 345.80 510 426.40

22 ............................................................................ 6,440 419.70 4,490 417.90 1,230 418.40 720 433.50

23 ............................................................................ 9,000 448.00 6,330 450.10 1,600 447.80 1,070 436.00

24 ............................................................................ 11,070 458.70 7,770 460.90 1,910 468.40 1,380 431.60

25–29......................................................................... 100,940 522.40 67,980 534.00 18,920 502.10 13,440 492.20

25 ............................................................................ 13,990 488.80 9,700 494.90 2,410 475.30 1,870 473.20

26 ............................................................................ 16,400 501.40 10,770 513.50 3,520 487.30 2,070 462.50

27 ............................................................................ 18,580 510.00 12,300 523.00 3,600 491.30 2,600 475.20

28 ............................................................................ 23,600 534.70 15,880 547.80 4,450 505.70 3,010 508.60

29 ............................................................................ 28,370 548.90 19,330 560.70 4,940 530.40 3,890 515.90

30–34......................................................................... 209,070 596.90 142,290 605.80 37,790 574.70 26,260 583.40

30 ............................................................................ 33,570 562.10 22,910 568.00 5,790 548.00 4,450 553.40

31 ............................................................................ 37,050 578.90 25,370 586.70 6,540 559.40 4,750 563.90

32 ............................................................................ 41,760 594.40 28,420 599.20 7,880 588.10 4,960 578.00

33 ............................................................................ 45,030 610.60 30,300 620.20 8,340 573.00 5,700 617.50

34 ............................................................................ 51,660 622.30 35,290 637.00 9,240 592.20 6,400 592.70

35–39......................................................................... 380,480 657.80 267,610 673.10 68,570 610.70 40,080 638.80

35 ............................................................................ 61,540 632.10 42,620 643.80 10,960 598.90 7,140 610.70

36 ............................................................................ 69,500 649.60 48,840 666.80 12,630 599.70 7,350 622.60

37 ............................................................................ 75,140 654.40 52,450 669.20 13,480 611.10 8,440 634.70

38 ............................................................................ 83,380 661.50 58,790 677.00 15,020 608.40 8,710 650.90

39 ............................................................................ 90,920 680.90 64,910 696.70 16,480 628.60 8,440 668.10

Table 5.A1.—Number and average monthly benefit, by type of benefit, race,1 age, and sex, December 2000—Continued

[Based on 10-percent sample]

Age and sex

Total 2 White Black Other 3

Number 4

Average

monthly

benefit Number

Average

monthly

benefit Number

Average

monthly

benefit Number

Average

monthly

benefit

See footnotes at end of table.
5.A OASDI Current-Pay Benefits: Summary

176 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Disabled workers—Continued

40–44......................................................................... 573,730 $722.20 405,120 $739.60 108,120 $670.20 54,670 $696.30

40 ............................................................................ 99,830 696.10 70,930 714.10 18,090 638.50 9,600 677.30

41 ............................................................................ 109,070 708.20 76,840 724.60 20,600 655.10 10,600 691.90

42 ............................................................................ 112,820 717.50 79,890 731.20 21,290 671.80 10,560 708.60

43 ............................................................................ 122,770 731.80 86,870 748.80 23,090 684.30 11,490 696.80

44 ............................................................................ 129,240 749.00 90,590 770.90 25,050 691.40 12,420 704.00

45–49......................................................................... 711,240 776.60 506,070 794.60 132,050 731.00 64,950 728.10

45 ............................................................................ 132,750 755.20 94,000 774.60 25,500 707.70 11,820 709.70

46 ............................................................................ 137,210 767.40 97,590 787.40 25,180 714.90 12,820 718.20

47 ............................................................................ 140,380 779.10 99,260 796.70 26,430 733.90 13,120 733.90

48 ............................................................................ 147,940 782.00 106,430 798.90 26,470 738.20 13,460 730.70

49 ............................................................................ 152,960 796.00 108,790 812.20 28,470 756.60 13,730 745.30

50–54......................................................................... 884,370 823.60 638,650 840.10 156,040 784.90 79,040 764.30

50 ............................................................................ 155,280 803.40 109,240 821.00 29,780 766.10 14,200 742.30

51 ............................................................................ 169,090 812.80 119,900 827.70 31,510 780.50 15,320 755.10

52 ............................................................................ 178,300 825.50 127,820 839.50 31,360 791.40 16,460 778.70

53 ............................................................................ 193,890 834.50 142,780 849.60 32,440 794.00 16,550 779.50

54 ............................................................................ 187,810 837.20 138,910 856.50 30,950 791.20 16,510 762.30

55–59......................................................................... 1,021,360 847.90 774,820 869.00 167,310 794.70 75,340 751.60

55 ............................................................................ 178,900 835.40 131,600 854.90 31,480 794.80 14,830 751.80

56 ............................................................................ 194,020 848.40 147,180 867.50 32,010 800.80 14,030 760.80

57 ............................................................................ 215,030 848.30 164,130 869.40 35,080 794.60 15,150 745.20

58 ............................................................................ 218,800 852.70 167,890 875.50 34,500 792.50 15,580 742.90

59 ............................................................................ 214,610 852.30 164,020 874.50 34,240 791.10 15,750 758.00

60–64......................................................................... 1,118,920 857.30 874,100 882.10 172,790 779.30 69,080 744.20

60 ............................................................................ 218,370 854.90 169,300 879.10 34,300 782.00 14,340 746.40

61 ............................................................................ 224,110 857.70 173,290 881.30 35,830 788.70 14,300 750.70

62 ............................................................................ 232,320 862.00 182,520 885.20 35,350 793.20 13,870 738.20

63 ............................................................................ 223,100 860.30 175,140 887.90 34,100 769.00 13,180 735.60

64 ............................................................................ 221,020 851.20 173,850 876.50 33,210 761.80 13,390 749.30

 Men ................................................................... 2,856,870 883.00 2,127,670 915.30 465,840 790.90 239,030 784.50

Under 20 .................................................................... 880 352.90 660 354.00 110 337.50 110 361.20

20–24......................................................................... 20,080 441.10 14,180 444.30 3,430 434.00 2,460 431.50

20 ............................................................................ 1,670 362.40 1,180 370.70 350 325.90 140 383.90

21 ............................................................................ 2,970 395.40 2,130 396.90 530 356.80 310 450.70

22 ............................................................................ 3,830 420.90 2,720 415.20 610 428.30 500 442.60

23 ............................................................................ 5,250 465.70 3,650 472.30 960 460.00 640 437.10

24 ............................................................................ 6,360 474.90 4,500 480.90 980 492.50 870 421.90

25–29......................................................................... 57,880 535.30 38,720 548.10 10,830 508.00 7,960 510.20

25 ............................................................................ 8,370 498.20 5,710 505.30 1,520 477.00 1,140 490.90

26 ............................................................................ 9,370 510.50 6,180 525.10 1,990 483.00 1,160 480.70

27 ............................................................................ 10,370 526.80 6,810 537.70 2,050 503.30 1,440 510.80

28 ............................................................................ 13,730 541.80 9,320 555.90 2,490 508.50 1,800 511.60

29 ............................................................................ 16,040 568.90 10,700 584.10 2,780 545.70 2,420 532.00

30–34......................................................................... 120,150 608.70 80,660 620.30 21,740 579.10 15,890 595.00

30 ............................................................................ 18,970 575.60 12,730 585.70 3,260 553.60 2,680 560.60

31 ............................................................................ 21,530 589.60 14,680 595.80 3,700 570.10 2,920 584.60

32 ............................................................................ 23,880 603.70 15,820 610.00 4,590 593.60 3,090 587.30

33 ............................................................................ 26,110 623.20 17,460 637.10 4,900 574.10 3,280 627.90

34 ............................................................................ 29,660 635.00 19,970 653.90 5,290 593.10 3,920 604.70

35–39......................................................................... 217,860 676.20 151,900 694.80 39,760 619.40 23,580 656.00

35 ............................................................................ 35,090 644.90 23,750 659.10 6,450 601.80 4,400 625.50

36 ............................................................................ 39,920 665.30 27,820 687.60 7,320 609.30 4,420 619.10

37 ............................................................................ 43,050 671.30 29,460 687.90 8,170 620.80 4,930 659.20

38 ............................................................................ 47,760 681.90 33,860 699.70 8,410 614.40 4,950 679.60

39 ............................................................................ 52,040 704.70 37,010 724.10 9,410 642.50 4,880 689.70

40–44......................................................................... 327,410 762.40 230,240 787.50 61,540 689.00 31,990 728.10

40 ............................................................................ 56,810 725.60 40,360 750.30 10,190 653.00 5,530 690.80

41 ............................................................................ 62,880 742.10 43,830 767.70 11,960 668.20 6,480 708.50

42 ............................................................................ 63,920 757.20 45,330 774.50 11,780 696.80 6,110 750.20

43 ............................................................................ 69,820 777.20 49,320 802.50 13,030 701.60 6,610 741.00

44 ............................................................................ 73,980 798.60 51,400 830.60 14,580 713.70 7,260 743.70

45–49......................................................................... 396,030 845.40 284,370 870.90 71,110 768.70 35,800 797.30

45 ............................................................................ 74,370 812.80 52,890 838.70 14,270 740.40 6,420 771.40

46 ............................................................................ 76,510 826.90 54,780 854.50 13,660 746.10 6,980 776.80

47 ............................................................................ 77,800 846.90 55,640 872.20 14,130 769.00 7,170 803.10

48 ............................................................................ 82,390 857.80 60,350 882.40 13,650 778.80 7,550 801.70

49 ............................................................................ 84,960 877.20 60,710 901.10 15,400 805.90 7,680 827.80

50–54......................................................................... 494,710 924.70 360,690 949.80 82,770 849.70 44,360 864.00

50 ............................................................................ 87,610 885.30 62,630 908.40 15,910 813.20 7,680 845.50

51 ............................................................................ 94,340 902.70 67,410 926.40 16,940 836.80 8,540 846.50

52 ............................................................................ 99,320 928.40 71,740 951.50 16,280 862.20 9,520 873.50

53 ............................................................................ 108,670 942.90 80,540 966.80 17,370 868.90 9,400 879.40

54 ............................................................................ 104,770 954.90 78,370 983.70 16,270 865.80 9,220 870.10

Table 5.A1.—Number and average monthly benefit, by type of benefit, race,1 age, and sex, December 2000—Continued

[Based on 10-percent sample]

Age and sex

Total 2 White Black Other 3

Number 4

Average

monthly

benefit Number

Average

monthly

benefit Number

Average

monthly

benefit Number

Average

monthly

benefit

See footnotes at end of table.
5.A OASDI Current-Pay Benefits: Summary

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 177

Disabled workers—Continued

55–59......................................................................... 571,040 $989.70 443,110 $1,018.50 85,970 $895.20 39,450 $878.50

55 ............................................................................ 99,410 964.30 74,060 995.00 16,650 878.10 8,060 866.50

56 ............................................................................ 108,100 984.80 84,010 1,011.10 16,210 899.10 7,380 883.90

57 ............................................................................ 118,800 993.30 93,140 1,021.10 17,810 896.70 7,370 880.60

58 ............................................................................ 122,770 1,001.30 96,370 1,031.80 17,820 898.20 8,020 869.70

59 ............................................................................ 121,960 999.60 95,530 1,027.30 17,480 903.30 8,620 891.40

60–64......................................................................... 650,830 1,006.50 523,140 1,034.50 88,580 901.10 37,430 871.30

60 ............................................................................ 124,400 1,005.90 99,030 1,034.60 17,450 900.30 7,700 880.20

61 ............................................................................ 129,560 1,008.40 103,000 1,035.80 18,620 906.50 7,540 892.50

62 ............................................................................ 134,130 1,013.00 108,230 1,041.00 18,000 916.10 7,570 849.70

63 ............................................................................ 131,540 1,008.70 106,390 1,039.10 17,530 891.60 7,190 855.60

64 ............................................................................ 131,200 996.50 106,490 1,022.10 16,980 890.00 7,430 877.90

 Women ............................................................. 2,178,970 661.10 1,574,100 666.10 402,230 662.40 187,940 615.00

Under 20 .................................................................... 590 306.90 440 287.00 110 313.30 40 508.80

20–24......................................................................... 14,180 413.50 9,850 414.10 2,830 406.40 1,500 422.70

20 ............................................................................ 1,250 358.40 810 369.90 300 327.20 140 358.90

21 ............................................................................ 1,860 365.20 1,320 371.00 340 328.60 200 388.70

22 ............................................................................ 2,610 418.00 1,770 422.00 620 408.70 220 412.70

23 ............................................................................ 3,750 423.20 2,680 419.90 640 429.50 430 434.30

24 ............................................................................ 4,710 436.90 3,270 433.40 930 442.90 510 448.10

25–29......................................................................... 43,060 505.00 29,260 515.40 8,090 494.30 5,480 466.20

25 ............................................................................ 5,620 474.70 3,990 480.00 890 472.40 730 445.50

26 ............................................................................ 7,030 489.30 4,590 498.00 1,530 492.90 910 439.40

27 ............................................................................ 8,210 488.80 5,490 504.80 1,550 475.50 1,160 431.10

28 ............................................................................ 9,870 524.70 6,560 536.40 1,960 502.00 1,210 504.20

29 ............................................................................ 12,330 522.80 8,630 531.70 2,160 510.70 1,470 489.40

30–34......................................................................... 88,920 580.90 61,630 586.80 16,050 568.70 10,370 565.70

30 ............................................................................ 14,600 544.50 10,180 545.90 2,530 540.90 1,770 542.40

31 ............................................................................ 15,520 564.20 10,690 574.30 2,840 545.40 1,830 530.70

32 ............................................................................ 17,880 582.10 12,600 585.60 3,290 580.40 1,870 562.70

33 ............................................................................ 18,920 593.30 12,840 597.20 3,440 571.40 2,420 603.40

34 ............................................................................ 22,000 605.10 15,320 615.10 3,950 591.10 2,480 573.80

35–39......................................................................... 162,620 633.10 115,710 644.70 28,810 598.60 16,500 614.10

35 ............................................................................ 26,450 615.20 18,870 624.50 4,510 594.60 2,740 586.90

36 ............................................................................ 29,580 628.40 21,020 639.30 5,310 586.40 2,930 627.90

37 ............................................................................ 32,090 631.60 22,990 645.20 5,310 596.10 3,510 600.20

38 ............................................................................ 35,620 634.30 24,930 646.30 6,610 600.90 3,760 613.00

39 ............................................................................ 38,880 649.00 27,900 660.40 7,070 610.20 3,560 638.60

40–44......................................................................... 246,320 668.60 174,880 676.60 46,580 645.40 22,680 651.50

40 ............................................................................ 43,020 657.20 30,570 666.40 7,900 619.80 4,070 659.00

41 ............................................................................ 46,190 662.10 33,010 667.30 8,640 636.90 4,120 665.80

42 ........................................................................... 48,900 665.60 34,560 674.50 9,510 640.70 4,450 651.50

43 ........................................................................... 52,950 671.80 37,550 678.20 10,060 661.80 4,880 636.90

44 ............................................................................ 55,260 682.70 39,190 692.70 10,470 660.20 5,160 648.10

45–49......................................................................... 315,210 690.20 221,700 696.70 60,940 686.90 29,150 643.20

45 ............................................................................ 58,380 681.90 41,110 692.10 11,230 666.10 5,400 636.30

46 ............................................................................ 60,700 692.20 42,810 701.50 11,520 677.90 5,840 648.10

47 ............................................................................ 62,580 694.80 43,620 700.30 12,300 693.60 5,950 650.40

48 ............................................................................ 65,550 686.70 46,080 689.40 12,820 695.00 5,910 640.10

49 ............................................................................ 68,000 694.70 48,080 699.90 13,070 698.50 6,050 640.60

50–54......................................................................... 389,660 695.40 277,960 697.80 73,270 711.70 34,680 636.80

50 ............................................................................ 67,670 697.50 46,610 703.70 13,870 712.20 6,520 620.60

51 ............................................................................ 74,750 699.20 52,490 700.90 14,570 715.00 6,780 640.00

52 ............................................................................ 78,980 696.20 56,080 696.10 15,080 714.90 6,940 648.70

53 ............................................................................ 85,220 696.30 62,240 698.00 15,070 707.70 7,150 648.10

54 ............................................................................ 83,040 688.60 60,540 691.80 14,680 708.60 7,290 625.90

55–59......................................................................... 450,320 668.00 331,710 669.20 81,340 688.40 35,890 612.20

55 ............................................................................ 79,490 674.30 57,540 674.60 14,830 701.20 6,770 615.30

56 ............................................................................ 85,920 676.80 63,170 676.60 15,800 700.00 6,650 624.30

57 ............................................................................ 96,230 669.30 70,990 670.30 17,270 689.20 7,780 617.10

58 ............................................................................ 96,030 662.80 71,520 664.90 16,680 679.50 7,560 608.30

59 ............................................................................ 92,650 658.40 68,490 661.40 16,760 674.10 7,130 596.70

60–64......................................................................... 468,090 649.70 350,960 654.80 84,210 651.10 31,650 593.80

60 ............................................................................ 93,970 654.90 70,270 660.10 16,850 659.50 6,640 591.20

61 ............................................................................ 94,550 651.20 70,290 654.80 17,210 661.30 6,760 592.60

62 ............................................................................ 98,190 655.80 74,290 658.40 17,350 665.80 6,300 604.30

63 ............................................................................ 91,560 647.00 68,750 653.90 16,570 639.30 5,990 591.70

64 ............................................................................ 89,820 638.90 67,360 646.20 16,230 627.80 5,960 589.10

Table 5.A1.—Number and average monthly benefit, by type of benefit, race,1 age, and sex, December 2000—Continued

[Based on 10-percent sample]

Age and sex

Total 2 White Black Other 3

Number 4

Average

monthly

benefit Number

Average

monthly

benefit Number

Average

monthly

benefit Number

Average

monthly

benefit

See footnotes at end of table.
5.A OASDI Current-Pay Benefits: Summary

178 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Spouses

 Total........................................................... 2,962,020 $416.90 2,685,660 $427.70 155,620 $327.40 110,730 $283.70

 Wives ............................................................ 2,925,950 419.20 2,662,350 429.30 150,600 330.30 103,280 289.60

 Entitlement based on care of children ......... 166,760 220.80 123,770 235.20 23,080 197.90 18,870 156.30

Under 35 .................................................................... 23,490 128.10 16,470 135.80 3,170 112.90 3,670 107.40

35–39......................................................................... 28,620 156.80 20,830 164.40 3,840 142.90 3,770 130.70

40–44......................................................................... 33,790 195.40 24,530 206.60 5,090 179.80 3,870 147.30

45–49......................................................................... 30,440 237.30 22,630 251.60 4,410 209.30 3,260 175.60

50–54......................................................................... 21,470 270.80 16,020 284.50 2,930 256.20 2,350 200.30

55–59 ........................................................................ 15,180 308.40 11,930 324.60 2,000 269.80 1,220 213.10

60–61 ........................................................................ 5,820 347.10 4,650 363.10 780 284.50 370 282.80

62–64......................................................................... 7,950 374.20 6,710 382.80 860 362.30 360 237.60

 Entitlement based on age............................... 2,759,190 431.10 2,538,580 438.80 127,520 354.30 84,410 319.30

62–64......................................................................... 336,740 392.60 304,470 401.70 17,480 320.30 14,330 290.50

62 ............................................................................ 89,010 386.70 80,810 394.50 4,480 325.40 3,650 290.70

63 ............................................................................ 117,160 390.50 105,930 399.90 6,230 319.30 4,850 279.90

64 ............................................................................ 130,570 398.50 117,730 408.20 6,770 317.90 5,830 299.30

65–69......................................................................... 767,870 429.80 697,500 439.30 39,980 352.60 28,620 312.20

65 ............................................................................ 151,690 422.40 136,310 432.80 8,450 343.20 6,630 313.60

66 ........................................................................... 154,610 427.20 139,720 436.50 8,640 361.90 5,900 307.70

67 ............................................................................ 150,050 431.40 135,850 442.20 7,730 337.30 6,200 314.80

68 ............................................................................ 155,870 433.00 142,600 441.80 7,870 351.50 5,010 317.70

69 ............................................................................ 155,650 435.10 143,020 442.90 7,290 369.90 4,880 307.00

70–74......................................................................... 732,410 433.20 674,300 440.70 34,450 361.20 21,090 318.80

70 ............................................................................ 158,590 433.60 145,300 441.80 7,800 363.20 5,060 315.10

71 ............................................................................ 149,050 433.90 137,080 442.10 6,810 354.60 4,690 320.00

72 ............................................................................ 147,520 431.90 135,490 439.40 7,230 361.70 4,200 316.30

73 ............................................................................ 144,420 434.50 133,840 440.70 6,530 368.50 3,480 326.20

74 ............................................................................ 132,830 432.10 122,590 439.30 6,080 357.50 3,660 318.30

75–79......................................................................... 540,440 432.60 503,180 438.20 21,830 359.90 13,190 337.60

75 ............................................................................ 126,040 431.60 116,320 437.90 5,830 366.40 3,420 335.30

76 ............................................................................ 117,490 427.90 109,780 433.00 4,600 361.80 2,650 328.90

77 ............................................................................ 107,020 434.60 99,350 440.60 4,410 358.20 2,700 344.70

78 ............................................................................ 99,290 432.40 92,500 438.30 3,860 350.20 2,560 334.90

79 ............................................................................ 90,600 437.70 85,230 442.50 3,130 359.30 1,860 347.70

80–84......................................................................... 269,220 459.10 253,340 464.00 9,270 372.00 5,390 367.80

85–89......................................................................... 93,320 469.50 87,760 474.30 3,630 386.70 1,540 392.20

90–94......................................................................... 17,590 464.60 16,570 470.20 740 370.40 250 373.20

95 or older.................................................................. 1,600 433.60 1,460 434.60 140 423.00 . . . . . .

 Husbands ..................................................... 36,070 232.10 23,310 239.40 5,020 240.40 7,450 203.10

Under 62 .................................................................... 2,220 132.10 1,560 130.50 340 154.20 320 116.30

62–64......................................................................... 1,730 189.60 1,290 184.10 200 202.30 240 208.70

65–69......................................................................... 7,660 235.80 4,700 238.50 1,240 263.60 1,710 207.40

70–74......................................................................... 9,550 241.80 5,980 250.90 1,290 253.90 2,240 211.00

75–79 ........................................................................ 7,340 230.40 4,630 240.40 950 233.60 1,640 198.00

80–84......................................................................... 3,750 242.60 2,200 261.10 620 245.30 890 200.10

85-89.......................................................................... 2,770 268.40 2,210 275.60 240 243.10 270 236.20

90 or older.................................................................. 1,050 275.70 740 298.20 140 192.40 140 228.90

Spouses of retired workers

Total............................................................ 2,797,170 $429.70 2,560,800 $438.40 134,530 $350.50 92,860 $308.10

 Wives of retired workers ............................. 2,765,190 431.90 2,540,300 439.90 130,190 353.90 85,990 316.00

 Entitlement based on care of children ......... 55,610 330.40 43,420 347.20 7,560 298.80 4,460 222.80

Under 35 .................................................................... 1,930 279.70 1,420 293.10 310 247.90 190 240.60

35–39......................................................................... 4,140 269.00 3,060 281.50 730 256.30 340 190.90

40–44......................................................................... 7,360 302.30 5,310 322.30 1,290 278.50 740 203.40

45–49......................................................................... 9,960 327.80 7,900 344.80 1,260 291.30 790 214.50

50–54......................................................................... 10,150 320.70 7,710 337.60 1,340 309.20 1,040 216.70

55–59......................................................................... 9,770 344.20 7,750 362.20 1,230 301.70 760 230.90

60–61......................................................................... 5,020 364.10 4,110 377.10 610 309.00 290 294.00

62–64......................................................................... 7,280 382.30 6,160 390.10 790 373.20 310 248.40

Table 5.A1.—Number and average monthly benefit, by type of benefit, race,1 age, and sex, December 2000—Continued

[Based on 10-percent sample]

Age and sex

Total 2 White Black Other 3

Number 4

Average

monthly

benefit Number

Average

monthly

benefit Number

Average

monthly

benefit Number

Average

monthly

benefit

See footnotes at end of table.
5.A OASDI Current-Pay Benefits: Summary

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 179

Spouses of retired workers—Continued

 Entitlement based on age............................... 2,709,580 $433.90 2,496,880 $441.50 122,630 $357.30 81,530 $321.10

62–64......................................................................... 308,140 403.40 279,630 412.70 15,270 328.00 12,810 293.60

62 ............................................................................ 78,060 403.30 71,080 411.70 3,780 335.20 3,140 296.80

63 ............................................................................ 106,700 401.40 96,920 410.80 5,320 329.60 4,330 284.20

64 ............................................................................ 123,380 405.20 111,630 415.10 6,170 322.20 5,340 299.20

65–69......................................................................... 752,040 433.00 684,680 442.30 38,070 356.30 27,610 313.30

65 ............................................................................ 145,990 428.40 131,670 438.60 7,810 352.00 6,260 313.60

66 ............................................................................ 150,860 430.70 136,670 439.90 8,210 364.80 5,640 309.80

67 ............................................................................ 147,130 434.20 133,530 444.90 7,330 340.20 6,000 316.60

68 ............................................................................ 153,900 435.00 140,950 443.70 7,630 353.50 4,940 318.30

69 ..........................................................................– 154,160 436.40 141,860 444.20 7,090 370.80 4,770 308.10

70–74......................................................................... 728,330 434.10 671,140 441.40 33,860 361.90 20,780 319.80

70 ............................................................................ 157,360 434.90 144,360 442.90 7,660 364.30 4,920 316.80

71 ............................................................................ 148,070 435.00 136,280 443.10 6,680 354.80 4,640 321.20

72 ............................................................................ 146,770 432.60 134,930 440.00 7,090 363.20 4,150 316.10

73 ............................................................................ 143,790 435.10 133,360 441.30 6,430 368.10 3,440 327.30

74 ............................................................................ 132,340 432.50 122,210 439.60 6,000 358.70 3,630 319.10

75–79......................................................................... 539,490 432.80 502,390 438.40 21,700 360.30 13,160 337.90

75 ............................................................................ 125,740 432.10 116,060 438.30 5,820 367.00 3,390 336.60

76 ............................................................................ 117,170 428.20 109,490 433.30 4,570 362.50 2,650 328.90

77 ............................................................................ 106,890 434.80 99,240 440.70 4,390 358.60 2,700 344.70

78 ............................................................................ 99,230 432.50 92,470 438.40 3,830 351.00 2,560 334.90

79 ............................................................................ 90,460 437.80 85,130 442.50 3,090 358.50 1,860 347.70

80–84......................................................................... 269,100 459.20 253,280 464.00 9,220 372.60 5,380 367.90

85–89......................................................................... 93,300 469.60 87,740 474.40 3,630 386.70 1,540 392.20

90–94......................................................................... 17,580 464.90 16,560 470.50 740 370.40 250 373.20

95 or older.................................................................. 1,600 433.60 1,460 434.60 140 423.00 . . . . . .

 Nondivorced wives of retired workers .......... 2,644,300 432.10 2,436,290 440.00 117,570 352.70 82,140 313.90

 Divorced wives of retired workers................. 120,890 426.50 104,010 436.20 12,620 365.60 3,850 361.40

Husbands of retired workers....................... 31,980 242.00 20,500 252.00 4,340 247.60 6,870 208.30

Spouses of disabled workers

 Total........................................................... 164,850 $199.30 124,860 $208.70 21,090 $180.30 17,870 $157.40

Wives of disabled workers ......................... 160,760 200.50 122,050 210.10 20,410 179.90 17,290 158.00

 Entitlement based on care of children ......... 111,150 165.90 80,350 174.70 15,520 148.80 14,410 135.80

Under 35 .................................................................... 21,560 114.60 15,050 120.90 2,860 98.30 3,480 100.10

35–39......................................................................... 24,480 137.80 17,770 144.30 3,110 116.30 3,430 124.70

40–44......................................................................... 26,430 165.60 19,220 174.60 3,800 146.20 3,130 134.00

45–49......................................................................... 20,480 193.30 14,730 201.70 3,150 176.50 2,470 163.10

50–54......................................................................... 11,320 226.10 8,310 235.20 1,590 211.50 1,310 187.40

55–59......................................................................... 5,410 243.80 4,180 255.00 770 218.80 460 183.70

60–61......................................................................... 800 240.40 540 256.40 170 196.60 80 242.40

62–64......................................................................... 670 285.60 550 301.90 70 239.00 50 171.20

 Entitlement based on age............................... 49,610 277.90 41,700 278.50 4,890 278.50 2,880 269.00

62–64......................................................................... 28,600 276.10 24,840 277.80 2,210 267.20 1,520 265.10

62 ............................................................................ 10,950 268.70 9,730 269.40 700 272.20 510 253.50

63 ............................................................................ 10,460 278.70 9,010 283.10 910 259.50 520 244.10

64 ............................................................................ 7,190 283.70 6,100 283.50 600 273.10 490 299.40

65–69......................................................................... 15,830 279.10 12,820 278.70 1,910 279.30 1,010 281.60

65 ............................................................................ 5,700 268.40 4,640 269.80 640 236.00 370 313.40

66 ............................................................................ 3,750 285.00 3,050 284.00 430 307.00 260 263.20

67 ............................................................................ 2,920 287.00 2,320 289.60 400 285.10 200 261.40

68 ............................................................................ 1,970 275.80 1,650 273.90 240 287.30 70 276.90

69 ............................................................................ 1,490 293.40 1,160 285.70 200 337.40 110 257.70

70–74......................................................................... 4,080 285.50 3,160 282.20 590 318.70 310 253.50

70 ............................................................................ 1,230 275.30 940 276.10 140 302.00 140 255.40

71 ............................................................................ 980 268.20 800 259.40 130 345.60 50 207.60

72 ............................................................................ 750 301.00 560 301.80 140 288.50 50 328.00

73 ............................................................................ 630 289.30 480 267.30 100 392.60 40 231.30

74 ............................................................................ 490 316.90 380 335.10 80 264.50 30 226.30

75 or older.................................................................. 1,100 277.40 880 280.10 180 276.70 40 221.80

 Nondivorced wives of disabled workers....... 156,070 198.10 118,460 208.10 19,690 175.30 16,960 156.20

 Divorced wives of disabled workers.............. 4,690 278.80 3,590 276.50 720 306.50 330 249.40

 Husbands of disabled workers................... 4,090 154.30 2,810 147.10 680 194.00 580 141.30

Table 5.A1.—Number and average monthly benefit, by type of benefit, race,1 age, and sex, December 2000—Continued

[Based on 10-percent sample]

Age and sex

Total 2 White Black Other 3

Number 4

Average

monthly

benefit Number

Average

monthly

benefit Number

Average

monthly

benefit Number

Average

monthly

benefit

See footnotes at end of table.
5.A OASDI Current-Pay Benefits: Summary

180 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Children

Total............................................................ 3,810,490 $406.30 2,590,050 $434.50 827,670 $357.80 358,150 $312.00

Under age 18..................................................... 2,979,660 375.60 1,938,100 400.60 680,400 337.20 329,460 303.50

 Under 1 ..................................................................... 9,650 276.20 5,960 290.70 2,370 265.80 1,280 230.10

 1................................................................................ 24,400 281.00 15,360 288.80 5,680 272.40 3,240 260.50

 2................................................................................ 36,080 294.20 22,890 312.40 7,930 266.60 5,050 258.80

 3................................................................................ 50,520 299.70 31,710 320.50 11,550 269.00 7,020 260.90

 4................................................................................ 61,720 310.10 39,250 326.80 14,240 285.20 8,000 275.40

 5................................................................................ 77,530 315.50 48,950 334.50 17,910 286.60 10,310 280.10

 6................................................................................ 97,490 323.40 61,920 345.00 23,040 293.00 11,870 270.80

 7................................................................................ 119,230 327.20 74,170 347.40 29,720 298.20 14,470 285.80

 8................................................................................ 141,020 332.40 88,790 357.20 33,470 295.30 17,540 279.00

 9................................................................................ 166,290 335.70 103,400 358.40 40,880 304.90 20,180 281.90

10............................................................................... 192,850 348.20 121,350 370.70 46,050 315.90 23,230 290.80

11 ............................................................................... 213,490 355.90 136,740 379.00 50,460 322.70 23,870 289.40

12............................................................................... 238,270 365.50 154,170 390.90 55,330 327.50 25,600 290.90

13............................................................................... 255,870 376.50 165,590 400.30 58,920 342.60 28,110 301.00

14............................................................................... 284,090 390.40 188,070 416.10 63,430 350.80 29,540 306.00

15............................................................................... 311,240 401.90 206,660 427.30 69,440 359.50 31,340 319.40

16............................................................................... 337,540 428.20 228,290 453.40 71,840 383.90 33,540 345.50

17............................................................................... 362,380 441.40 244,830 467.10 78,140 396.00 35,270 353.70

 Disabled, aged 18 or older.............................. 733,610 518.40 583,510 536.40 126,480 454.20 21,710 409.30

18–19......................................................................... 12,310 419.60 8,320 438.40 2,990 387.90 870 361.70

20–24......................................................................... 55,370 444.40 36,690 460.40 14,690 420.30 3,530 368.50

25–29......................................................................... 64,680 485.30 44,990 504.10 16,230 452.20 3,110 379.20

30–34......................................................................... 78,530 512.50 58,610 529.10 16,690 472.40 2,990 410.60

35–39......................................................................... 104,010 526.20 80,410 545.60 20,090 466.10 3,370 422.70

40–44......................................................................... 108,150 538.40 85,950 558.70 19,260 463.20 2,720 428.60

45–49......................................................................... 90,720 548.90 74,700 567.50 13,880 467.10 1,990 422.10

50–54......................................................................... 70,190 551.70 60,310 566.50 8,560 462.60 1,230 445.50

55–59......................................................................... 50,450 550.10 44,170 562.70 5,580 453.20 640 508.20

60–64......................................................................... 35,470 537.80 31,490 547.70 3,270 460.50 650 436.10

65–69......................................................................... 25,260 505.40 22,630 515.80 2,390 412.10 230 465.40

70–74......................................................................... 18,790 480.40 16,970 486.60 1,580 417.70 240 457.90

75–79......................................................................... 11,550 458.90 10,720 464.40 740 384.10 90 418.70

80 or older.................................................................. 8,130 431.60 7,550 435.80 530 372.10 50 426.60

 Students, aged 18–19...................................... 97,220 501.00 68,440 526.00 20,790 446.70 6,980 411.80

18............................................................................... 92,570 501.60 65,580 526.10 19,360 446.60 6,660 414.40

19............................................................................... 4,650 489.80 2,860 524.10 1,430 447.50 320 357.70

Children of retired workers.......................... 457,960 395.60 339,420 418.50 90,800 347.30 26,670 271.40

Under age 18..................................................... 254,970 364.70 170,080 388.10 64,270 338.60 20,000 252.50

 Under 1 ..................................................................... 550 378.50 370 380.70 140 392.50 40 309.50

 1................................................................................ 1,050 335.30 740 351.50 280 302.10 30 243.00

 2................................................................................ 2,310 314.00 1,370 332.70 690 302.00 250 244.60

 3................................................................................ 3,000 335.00 1,900 359.90 820 326.60 260 195.30

 4................................................................................ 3,770 338.40 2,420 343.10 1,100 341.00 230 295.10

 5................................................................................ 4,340 341.00 2,450 359.00 1,480 347.00 410 211.60

 6................................................................................ 6,180 342.20 3,890 351.80 1,770 354.50 500 229.20

 7................................................................................ 7,310 321.10 4,530 333.80 2,270 319.60 500 218.80

 8................................................................................ 10,380 326.30 6,400 347.00 3,080 316.50 890 213.50

 9................................................................................ 11,610 335.10 7,470 356.30 3,230 322.80 860 206.80

10............................................................................... 14,120 341.70 8,930 365.70 4,060 317.70 1,090 235.10

11 ............................................................................... 17,010 338.00 11,040 356.20 4,690 326.40 1,240 217.70

12 .............................................................................. 19,590 349.70 12,990 373.00 5,080 319.70 1,470 249.00

13............................................................................... 22,440 347.80 14,880 366.80 5,700 334.90 1,790 233.10

14............................................................................... 25,980 356.90 17,050 378.00 6,830 333.40 2,070 262.20

15............................................................................... 29,630 363.20 20,250 386.40 6,920 337.70 2,400 244.60

16............................................................................... 35,290 399.00 24,690 425.80 7,770 354.40 2,780 288.50

17............................................................................... 40,410 416.90 28,710 443.00 8,360 378.60 3,190 291.80

Table 5.A1.—Number and average monthly benefit, by type of benefit, race,1 age, and sex, December 2000—Continued

[Based on 10-percent sample]

Age and sex

Total 2 White Black Other 3

Number 4

Average

monthly

benefit Number

Average

monthly

benefit Number

Average

monthly

benefit Number

Average

monthly

benefit

See footnotes at end of table.
5.A OASDI Current-Pay Benefits: Summary

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 181

Children—Continued

Disabled, aged 18 or older............................... 191,950 $433.70 161,200 $448.10 24,270 $365.40 6,040 $326.70

18–19......................................................................... 1,940 368.70 1,260 412.40 500 294.50 160 271.40

20–24......................................................................... 9,300 375.20 6,760 392.20 1,970 345.30 520 255.30

25–29......................................................................... 15,530 408.40 12,190 421.60 2,480 370.20 820 331.40

30–34......................................................................... 26,300 426.40 21,750 441.80 3,520 355.10 970 345.30

35–39......................................................................... 42,240 448.30 35,670 462.60 5,270 376.60 1,250 346.70

40–44......................................................................... 43,250 448.00 37,000 462.60 5,070 366.90 1,060 332.50

45–49......................................................................... 28,560 440.00 24,730 450.70 3,020 379.90 760 325.80

50–54......................................................................... 15,000 427.30 13,120 436.50 1,520 369.10 330 312.80

55–59......................................................................... 6,500 436.80 5,790 445.20 630 364.50 70 312.40

60–64......................................................................... 2,340 424.90 2,120 436.20 120 337.70 90 313.00

65–69......................................................................... 640 382.90 540 394.50 90 317.20 10 346.00

70 or older.................................................................. 350 363.50 270 396.00 80 254.10 . . . . . .

Students, aged 18–19....................................... 11,040 447.00 8,140 468.10 2,260 401.10 630 340.70

18............................................................................... 10,480 447.20 7,800 468.80 2,070 396.60 600 344.10

19............................................................................... 560 442.20 340 452.90 190 449.90 30 271.30

Children of deceased workers................. 1,877,940 548.70 1,270,430 589.50 427,570 464.90 158,870 448.30

Under age 18..................................................... 1,343,190 536.20 853,120 584.10 327,160 452.00 143,640 442.80

Under 1 ...................................................................... 2,020 490.50 1,120 563.70 580 421.80 320 359.10

 1................................................................................ 6,750 497.80 3,980 526.00 1,780 450.30 990 469.60

 2................................................................................ 11,460 492.70 6,830 547.40 2,930 398.10 1,690 434.40

 3................................................................................ 17,440 484.70 10,640 536.90 4,240 390.60 2,550 424.80

 4................................................................................ 23,000 495.30 14,050 544.60 5,670 409.90 3,280 432.00

 5................................................................................ 30,560 494.20 18,410 544.10 7,900 402.10 4,200 451.30

 6................................................................................ 39,500 494.50 24,210 548.30 10,260 401.60 4,850 423.20

 7................................................................................ 50,770 491.50 30,080 540.50 13,830 411.40 6,450 436.70

 8................................................................................ 61,080 494.60 37,310 547.70 15,460 401.80 7,620 428.80

 9................................................................................ 73,350 493.30 43,570 543.60 19,880 415.20 8,960 425.90

10............................................................................... 86,620 509.90 52,450 560.30 22,330 430.70 10,520 427.70

11 ............................................................................... 96,810 516.80 59,920 566.90 24,430 436.40 10,910 421.50

12............................................................................... 109,340 527.60 68,780 577.80 27,250 445.10 11,340 429.50

13............................................................................... 118,710 535.20 74,710 583.10 29,110 455.50 12,730 436.20

14............................................................................... 132,820 551.30 87,210 595.90 30,910 468.00 12,730 446.00

15............................................................................... 148,030 557.40 96,950 602.30 34,930 472.30 13,620 453.60

16............................................................................... 160,100 572.20 106,050 615.50 36,040 491.00 15,430 463.60

17............................................................................... 174,830 581.50 116,850 620.90 39,630 502.50 15,450 479.40

Disabled, aged 18 or older............................... 483,570 575.10 381,720 594.30 88,860 502.80 11,890 493.20

18–19......................................................................... 5,550 566.60 3,720 588.10 1,420 527.00 360 496.60

20–24......................................................................... 26,850 571.60 16,950 597.70 8,030 528.20 1,600 503.30

25–29......................................................................... 33,450 592.00 21,780 628.50 10,180 524.90 1,300 489.50

30–34......................................................................... 41,830 607.70 29,270 636.70 10,980 542.80 1,420 508.00

35–39......................................................................... 55,730 600.80 40,410 635.40 13,520 510.80 1,740 492.30

40–44......................................................................... 63,230 604.50 47,790 636.80 13,730 503.60 1,610 495.00

45–49......................................................................... 61,950 599.90 49,830 626.00 10,790 493.10 1,230 481.50

50–54......................................................................... 55,160 585.60 47,160 602.80 7,040 482.80 900 494.10

55–59......................................................................... 43,950 566.80 38,380 580.50 4,950 464.50 570 532.20

60–64......................................................................... 33,130 545.80 29,370 555.70 3,150 465.10 560 455.90

65–69......................................................................... 24,620 508.60 22,090 518.70 2,300 415.80 220 470.90

70–74......................................................................... 18,600 481.90 16,840 487.40 1,520 424.00 240 457.90

75–79 ........................................................................ 11,440 459.80 10,630 465.00 720 388.00 90 418.70

80 or older.................................................................. 8,080 431.40 7,500 435.60 530 372.10 50 426.60

 Students, aged 18–19...................................... 51,180 626.30 35,590 664.60 11,550 536.50 3,340 528.20

18............................................................................... 48,540 628.50 33,950 666.10 10,720 539.10 3,210 529.00

19............................................................................... 2,640 586.90 1,640 634.70 830 503.60 130 510.50

Table 5.A1.—Number and average monthly benefit, by type of benefit, race,1 age, and sex, December 2000—Continued

[Based on 10-percent sample]

Age and sex

Total 2 White Black Other 3

Number 4

Average

monthly

benefit Number

Average

monthly

benefit Number

Average

monthly

benefit Number

Average

monthly

benefit

See footnotes at end of table.
5.A OASDI Current-Pay Benefits: Summary

182 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Children—Continued

Children of disabled workers ...................... 1,474,590 $228.20 980,200 $239.20 309,300 $212.90 172,610 $192.80

Under age 18..................................................... 1,381,500 221.40 914,900 231.70 288,970 206.80 165,820 188.90

 Under 1 ..................................................................... 7,080 207.10 4,470 214.80 1,650 200.20 920 181.80

 1................................................................................ 16,600 189.40 10,640 195.70 3,620 182.60 2,220 167.50

 2................................................................................ 22,310 190.20 14,690 201.30 4,310 171.50 3,110 164.50

 3................................................................................ 30,080 188.90 19,170 196.40 6,490 182.30 4,210 165.70

 4................................................................................ 34,950 185.10 22,780 190.80 7,470 182.40 4,490 159.90

 5................................................................................ 42,630 184.80 28,090 194.90 8,530 169.10 5,700 158.80

 6................................................................................ 51,810 190.70 33,820 198.70 11,010 182.00 6,520 160.50

 7................................................................................ 61,150 191.60 39,560 202.00 13,620 179.80 7,520 160.80

 8................................................................................ 69,560 190.80 45,080 201.00 14,930 180.60 9,030 159.00

 9................................................................................ 81,330 193.60 52,360 204.50 17,770 178.20 10,360 163.70

10............................................................................... 92,110 197.10 59,970 205.70 19,660 185.10 11,620 172.10

11 ............................................................................... 99,670 202.80 65,780 211.60 21,340 191.70 11,720 173.90

12............................................................................... 109,340 206.20 72,400 216.60 23,000 189.80 12,790 172.80

13............................................................................... 114,720 217.90 76,000 227.10 24,110 208.00 13,590 183.20

14............................................................................... 125,290 226.70 83,810 236.70 25,690 214.30 14,740 191.20

15............................................................................... 133,580 238.10 89,460 246.90 27,590 222.30 15,320 211.80

16............................................................................... 142,150 273.10 97,550 284.20 28,030 254.30 15,330 236.90

17............................................................................... 147,140 281.60 99,270 293.20 30,150 260.70 16,630 248.70

 Disabled, aged 18 or older.............................. 58,090 326.20 40,590 342.10 13,350 292.40 3,780 277.50

18–19......................................................................... 4,820 270.80 3,340 281.60 1,070 247.00 350 264.30

20–24......................................................................... 19,220 300.10 12,980 316.50 4,690 266.90 1,410 257.30

25–29......................................................................... 15,700 333.90 11,020 349.30 3,570 301.80 990 273.90

30–34......................................................................... 10,400 347.40 7,590 363.70 2,190 307.70 600 285.70

35–39......................................................................... 6,040 382.40 4,330 390.90 1,300 365.00 380 354.30

40 or older.................................................................. 1,910 372.60 1,330 401.40 530 304.50 50 326.00

 Students, aged 18–19...................................... 35,000 334.90 24,710 345.40 6,980 312.80 3,010 297.50

18............................................................................... 33,550 335.10 23,830 345.40 6,570 311.60 2,850 300.20

19............................................................................... 1,450 331.20 880 345.40 410 332.60 160 249.70

Widowed mothers and fathers

 Total.............................................................. 201,270 $593.00 141,800 $633.10 34,090 $508.40 22,740 $469.60

Under 20 .................................................................... 130 308.90 80 388.60 50 181.40

20–24......................................................................... 2,460 444.00 1,730 462.00 300 382.10 430 414.90

20 ............................................................................ 110 402.90 110 402.90 . . . . . . . . . . . .

21 ............................................................................ 310 432.90 150 444.70 50 348.40 110 455.30

22 ............................................................................ 460 461.70 330 494.00 70 389.90 60 367.70

23 ............................................................................ 610 417.70 480 436.00 40 400.80 90 327.70

24 ............................................................................ 970 460.30 660 478.60 140 384.90 170 451.60

25–29......................................................................... 10,180 483.90 6,830 514.60 1,620 392.90 1,640 452.60

25 ............................................................................ 1,300 474.50 890 504.90 190 342.00 220 466.00

26 ............................................................................ 1,470 471.70 1,010 501.30 220 358.60 230 455.80

27 ............................................................................ 1,890 487.00 1,400 516.80 250 379.40 220 437.10

28 ............................................................................ 2,450 463.30 1,460 481.40 440 421.50 510 448.70

29 ............................................................................ 3,070 508.40 2,070 547.10 520 408.20 460 456.30

30–34......................................................................... 23,560 513.70 16,110 548.10 3,560 439.60 3,610 434.30

30 ............................................................................ 3,640 480.90 2,440 514.10 520 434.50 640 394.10

31 ............................................................................ 3,880 519.90 2,810 548.90 550 423.60 460 454.50

32 ............................................................................ 4,450 509.00 3,000 542.20 710 450.80 660 423.30

33 ............................................................................ 5,390 520.50 3,530 563.20 890 429.10 920 444.60

34 ............................................................................ 6,200 526.50 4,330 558.40 890 454.10 930 449.40

35–39......................................................................... 41,000 552.40 28,750 597.10 6,730 452.60 5,010 434.40

35 ............................................................................ 6,570 522.70 4,500 569.40 1,020 425.10 950 409.90

36 ............................................................................ 7,840 540.40 5,500 588.80 1,310 452.10 910 395.60

37 ............................................................................ 8,120 551.10 5,570 599.80 1,480 434.00 980 456.80

38 ........................................................................... 9,500 556.10 6,760 601.90 1,510 436.40 1,100 438.10

39 ........................................................................... 8,970 581.80 6,420 616.30 1,410 509.80 1,070 464.80

40–44......................................................................... 45,890 616.10 32,690 662.50 7,540 510.50 4,960 475.40

40 ............................................................................ 8,800 600.90 6,340 642.90 1,390 507.40 960 456.40

41 ............................................................................ 9,490 615.40 6,840 660.60 1,620 499.80 900 481.80

42 ............................................................................ 9,650 619.10 6,960 664.70 1,470 512.80 1,050 469.00

43 ............................................................................ 8,980 612.20 6,240 664.70 1,510 509.00 1,120 468.00

44 ............................................................................ 8,970 632.30 6,310 679.60 1,550 523.50 930 504.80

45–49......................................................................... 35,700 640.00 25,130 676.30 5,990 567.60 3,980 510.50

45 ............................................................................ 8,380 625.80 5,890 667.30 1,380 523.70 1,010 510.00

46 ............................................................................ 7,680 650.00 5,430 681.70 1,220 606.60 910 500.20

47 ............................................................................ 7,300 646.50 5,210 688.00 1,210 568.10 760 501.30

48 ............................................................................ 6,410 650.60 4,380 680.40 1,150 594.20 750 550.50

49 ............................................................................ 5,930 627.30 4,220 663.30 1,030 550.30 550 487.10

Table 5.A1.—Number and average monthly benefit, by type of benefit, race,1 age, and sex, December 2000—Continued

[Based on 10-percent sample]

Age and sex

Total 2 White Black Other 3

Number 4

Average

monthly

benefit Number

Average

monthly

benefit Number

Average

monthly

benefit Number

Average

monthly

benefit

See footnotes at end of table.
5.A OASDI Current-Pay Benefits: Summary

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 183

Widowed mothers and fathers—Continued

50-54.......................................................................... 20,490 $653.80 14,440 $693.20 3,850 $567.10 1,850 $518.70

50 ............................................................................ 4,890 637.50 3,230 688.40 1,010 544.90 550 507.80

51 ............................................................................ 4,280 636.90 2,910 673.60 870 573.80 400 474.80

52 ............................................................................ 3,880 658.30 2,710 684.20 740 578.50 360 615.00

53 ............................................................................ 4,000 686.30 2,940 726.10 760 598.10 270 496.70

54 ............................................................................ 3,440 655.20 2,650 693.50 470 534.10 270 499.60

55-59.......................................................................... 11,340 649.50 8,370 677.40 2,240 575.90 670 537.30

55 ............................................................................ 2,720 654.60 1,870 686.70 600 584.70 230 586.30

56 ............................................................................ 2,320 632.40 1,840 655.20 360 511.70 100 614.00

57 ............................................................................ 2,130 664.80 1,590 690.50 390 616.40 150 518.50

58 ............................................................................ 2,130 656.50 1,600 676.60 440 623.60 80 405.50

59 ............................................................................ 2,040 638.80 1,470 680.00 450 533.80 110 486.50

60-61.......................................................................... 3,720 640.00 2,540 683.20 910 549.50 240 523.80

60 ............................................................................ 1,830 659.40 1,250 706.80 450 566.80 100 485.20

61 ............................................................................ 1,890 621.20 1,290 660.40 460 532.60 140 551.40

62 or older.................................................................. 6,800 630.40 5,130 654.90 1,350 552.30 300 568.90

Widowed mothers............................................. 191,470 598.20 135,120 639.70 32,160 508.80 21,660 472.10

Mothers.......................................................... 173,310 599.20 120,960 643.00 29,790 506.80 20,190 472.40

Surviving divorced mothers ........................ 18,160 588.50 14,160 611.70 2,370 533.30 1,470 468.30

 Widowed fathers.............................................. 9,800 491.40 6,680 498.70 1,930 501.70 1,080 420.20

Nondisabled widows and widowers

 Total............................................................... 4,698,660 $810.20 4,182,110 $829.90 412,210 $646.00 91,730 $644.50

 Widows............................................................. 4,661,540 811.80 4,152,820 831.40 406,230 646.90 90,000 646.60

60–61......................................................................... 128,420 773.90 108,220 796.60 15,960 661.40 4,150 617.70

60 ............................................................................ 52,670 785.20 44,450 804.60 6,740 683.60 1,450 668.50

61 ............................................................................ 75,750 766.10 63,770 791.00 9,220 645.10 2,700 590.40

62–64......................................................................... 316,750 774.10 268,880 797.40 37,050 648.70 10,070 618.20

62 ............................................................................ 96,250 768.10 81,770 791.60 11,270 642.90 3,070 601.90

63 ............................................................................ 103,930 776.50 87,880 798.60 12,540 662.50 3,290 634.90

64 ............................................................................ 116,570 776.80 99,230 801.10 13,240 640.50 3,710 616.90

65–69......................................................................... 693,230 814.30 594,980 839.10 79,260 666.20 17,240 646.80

65 ............................................................................ 135,490 800.40 115,110 826.20 16,520 656.00 3,610 646.40

66 ............................................................................ 135,810 820.50 116,900 843.40 15,300 685.40 3,300 645.00

67 ............................................................................ 133,970 815.50 115,180 841.20 15,290 662.10 3,130 626.40

68 ............................................................................ 141,780 816.10 121,110 842.20 16,290 661.80 3,930 656.40

69 ............................................................................ 146,180 818.50 126,680 841.90 15,860 666.70 3,270 657.10

70–74......................................................................... 809,890 815.10 709,980 837.40 80,060 657.20 17,220 641.00

70 ............................................................................ 150,940 817.00 131,510 839.90 15,530 668.40 3,380 628.30

71 ............................................................................ 151,150 820.00 131,350 845.70 15,710 648.20 3,490 633.30

72 ............................................................................ 159,610 817.00 140,460 838.60 15,680 663.00 3,030 624.80

73 ............................................................................ 171,110 812.10 150,520 833.20 16,340 654.60 3,700 654.10

74 ............................................................................ 177,080 810.70 156,140 831.30 16,800 652.60 3,620 660.40

75–79......................................................................... 940,570 813.70 843,090 832.90 77,920 641.90 16,770 645.30

75 ............................................................................ 178,360 808.80 158,190 829.40 16,180 647.30 3,510 636.20

76 ............................................................................ 189,010 805.40 168,790 825.70 16,070 635.70 3,660 617.70

77 ............................................................................ 186,690 811.40 167,270 830.70 15,610 640.60 3,200 635.30

78 ............................................................................ 190,390 817.40 170,860 836.60 15,500 642.70 3,410 642.30

79 ............................................................................ 196,120 824.60 177,980 841.10 14,560 643.10 2,990 703.60

80–84......................................................................... 799,700 842.00 728,880 859.10 56,260 652.10 12,180 678.70

80 ............................................................................ 187,070 835.50 169,840 853.30 13,650 642.60 2,950 681.50

81 ............................................................................ 165,910 837.30 149,950 855.00 12,560 657.20 2,840 704.70

82 ............................................................................ 159,900 851.30 146,630 866.80 10,470 662.30 2,280 668.30

83 ............................................................................ 145,490 850.60 133,410 866.40 9,620 663.20 2,070 676.50

84 ............................................................................ 141,330 836.90 129,050 855.00 9,960 637.50 2,040 652.20

85–89......................................................................... 576,030 817.80 531,930 832.20 34,840 617.80 7,710 671.20

85 ............................................................................ 135,180 832.70 124,420 846.50 8,450 652.10 1,830 672.00

86 ............................................................................ 125,790 827.00 115,980 841.00 7,590 626.40 1,800 696.60

87 ............................................................................ 116,450 817.90 107,400 833.40 7,160 604.90 1,580 676.00

88 ............................................................................ 106,430 804.90 98,180 821.00 6,660 598.70 1,380 624.50

89 ............................................................................ 92,180 798.00 85,950 810.70 4,980 590.70 1,120 679.70

90–94......................................................................... 293,340 782.20 272,080 795.60 17,370 599.20 3,460 641.20

95 or older.................................................................. 103,610 733.10 94,780 748.50 7,510 554.10 1,200 612.90

 Nondisabled widows ................................... 4,365,200 811.00 3,898,730 830.70 369,880 640.50 84,780 644.70

 Surviving divorced wives (nondisabled) ... 296,340 823.60 254,090 842.70 36,350 711.90 5,220 677.50

Table 5.A1.—Number and average monthly benefit, by type of benefit, race,1 age, and sex, December 2000—Continued

[Based on 10-percent sample]

Age and sex

Total 2 White Black Other 3

Number 4

Average

monthly

benefit Number

Average

monthly

benefit Number

Average

monthly

benefit Number

Average

monthly

benefit

See footnotes at end of table.
5.A OASDI Current-Pay Benefits: Summary

184 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Nondisabled widows and widowers—Continued

 Widowers.......................................................... 37,120 $606.30 29,290 $614.90 5,980 $585.80 1,730 $533.90

60–61......................................................................... 7,030 577.80 5,810 578.30 950 590.70 270 521.60

62–64......................................................................... 9,920 658.00 8,050 663.40 1,450 644.30 390 600.10

65–69......................................................................... 6,890 668.40 5,110 686.70 1,340 636.00 390 562.20

70–74......................................................................... 4,030 624.30 3,010 646.70 770 548.40 240 586.70

75–79......................................................................... 3,330 538.70 2,430 557.20 670 502.60 220 452.80

80–84......................................................................... 2,300 533.50 1,750 551.30 400 501.30 130 368.30

85–89......................................................................... 2,230 490.70 1,900 491.60 250 496.40 80 452.60

90 or older.................................................................. 1,390 487.90 1,230 489.30 150 476.60 10 495.00

Disabled widows and widowers

 Total........................................................... 200,130 $518.90 149,080 $538.50 41,470 $463.40 8,840 $449.50

50–54......................................................................... 27,540 518.90 19,760 538.50 6,320 472.50 1,310 454.60

50 ............................................................................ 2,170 529.00 1,340 568.60 710 472.60 90 391.00

51 ............................................................................ 3,980 509.50 2,750 528.00 1,010 454.20 190 553.60

52 ............................................................................ 5,600 530.40 3,920 553.00 1,450 482.70 230 445.40

53 ............................................................................ 7,610 521.30 5,530 543.90 1,630 463.10 400 452.50

54 ............................................................................ 8,180 510.70 6,220 522.60 1,520 485.00 400 429.50

55–59......................................................................... 75,290 519.30 56,060 537.60 15,440 467.30 3,520 454.10

55 ............................................................................ 10,020 524.10 7,330 546.10 2,090 475.30 580 429.70

56 ............................................................................ 12,730 515.30 9,250 533.20 2,690 473.10 740 449.00

57 ............................................................................ 15,040 519.80 11,220 531.80 3,020 484.50 760 473.60

58 ............................................................................ 17,830 515.50 13,420 530.80 3,680 465.30 620 474.50

59 ............................................................................ 19,670 522.40 14,840 546.60 3,960 447.90 820 442.70

60–64......................................................................... 97,300 518.60 73,260 539.10 19,710 457.50 4,010 443.80

60 ............................................................................ 20,940 520.70 15,360 540.80 4,320 462.50 1,150 460.70

61 ............................................................................ 20,490 520.60 15,510 542.10 4,010 455.70 900 450.80

62 ............................................................................ 19,150 520.50 14,430 539.00 3,940 468.80 720 417.60

63 ............................................................................ 18,930 519.80 14,250 541.20 3,980 458.90 650 435.00

64 ............................................................................ 17,790 510.70 13,710 531.80 3,460 438.90 590 441.70

 Disabled widows.............................................. 195,340 523.00 145,890 542.70 40,160 465.90 8,580 453.30

 Widows ......................................................... 168,590 523.40 125,440 544.40 35,500 463.70 7,070 450.90

 Surviving divorced wives............................ 26,750 520.10 20,450 532.80 4,660 482.70 1,510 464.40

 Disabled widowers .......................................... 4,790 352.80 3,190 342.80 1,310 387.20 260 326.60

Parents

 Total............................................................... 3,000 $701.00 1,830 $735.50 360 $643.50 760 $652.00

62–64......................................................................... 30 688.70 10 666.00 . . . . . . 20 700.00

65–69......................................................................... 270 752.90 110 828.20 10 1,023.00 140 687.40

70–74......................................................................... 320 756.80 120 796.50 30 1,114.30 150 637.10

75–79......................................................................... 560 686.60 360 724.70 30 626.00 160 627.10

80–84......................................................................... 550 774.10 320 817.90 100 630.10 130 777.00

85–89......................................................................... 570 676.60 380 720.90 70 584.70 120 589.90

90 or older.................................................................. 700 629.80 530 671.80 120 543.90 40 439.50

Men .................................................................... 370 620.80 150 669.20 10 520.00 210 591.00

Women............................................................... 2,630 712.20 1,680 741.40 350 647.00 550 675.30

1 Race and ethnic designations are collected from the form SS-5 (Application for a Social Security Card). For dependents and survivor beneficiaries, race is assumed to be 

the same as that shown on the SS-5 for the wage earner on whose earnings record the benefit is based. 2 “Total” includes 173,110 persons of unknown race. In years prior to 1993, persons of unknown race were included with “White.”

3 The “Other” classification includes Asians and Pacific Islanders, American Indians and Alaskan Natives, and a subset of the total number of beneficiaries of Hispanic origin. 

The distribution of beneficiaries between these three groups is not available. 4 Provisions for Railroad Retirement beneficiaries are described in the section Social Security (Old-Age, Survivors, and Disability Insurance).

5 Includes special-age 72 beneficiaries.

Table 5.A1.—Number and average monthly benefit, by type of benefit, race, 1 age, and sex, December 2000—Continued

[Based on 10-percent sample]

Age and sex

Total 2 White Black Other 3

Number 4

Average

monthly

benefit Number

Average

monthly

benefit Number

Average

monthly

benefit Number

Average

monthly

benefit

CONTACT: Rona Blumenthal/Joseph Bondar (410) 965-0163/0162 for further information.
 5.A OASDI Current-Pay Benefits: Summary

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 185

 

Table 5.A3.—Number and average monthly benefit, with reduction for early retirement, by type of benefit, race, 1 age, and 

sex, December 2000

[Based on 10-percent sample]

Age and sex

Total 2 White Black Other

Number

Average

monthly

benefit Number

Average

monthly

benefit Number

Average

monthly

benefit Number

Average

monthly

benefit

Retired workers

Total................................... 20,319,630 $778.50 18,275,920 $791.00 1,528,210 $674.70 469,840 $635.50

62–64............................................ 2,553,070 766.10 2,245,920 779.20 218,270 695.70 88,700 605.30

62 ............................................... 703,160 768.80 620,630 781.20 57,820 704.60 24,680 607.10

63 ............................................... 903,650 772.70 792,860 786.70 79,560 697.70 31,200 607.90

64 ............................................... 946,260 757.70 832,430 770.70 80,890 687.40 32,820 601.60

65–69............................................ 5,044,450 768.90 4,462,390 782.90 423,520 678.10 154,900 616.40

65 ............................................... 1,091,170 771.90 959,760 786.70 94,940 679.60 36,230 622.00

66 ............................................... 1,034,850 760.90 913,340 775.50 87,700 672.30 33,360 595.60

67 ............................................... 964,050 764.80 850,900 779.00 82,020 673.10 30,430 616.10

68 ............................................... 987,430 779.30 873,110 792.80 84,980 689.90 28,540 637.60

69 ............................................... 966,950 767.50 865,280 780.40 73,880 674.80 26,340 612.10

70–74............................................ 4,573,500 771.90 4,125,390 783.90 336,750 669.70 97,630 631.30

70 ............................................... 972,860 765.50 874,580 777.60 71,960 671.70 24,660 617.20

71 ............................................... 916,440 764.30 824,360 776.50 68,900 665.30 20,310 618.90

72 ............................................... 918,450 776.20 828,940 788.00 67,540 675.10 18,690 641.70

73 ............................................... 911,260 781.20 822,550 793.50 67,290 672.50 18,400 642.90

74 ............................................... 854,490 772.90 774,960 784.50 61,060 663.10 15,570 643.80

75–79............................................ 3,770,630 772.30 3,436,600 783.00 254,470 662.20 66,120 657.50

75 ............................................... 839,380 787.20 761,580 798.60 59,210 678.00 15,820 664.40

76 ............................................... 802,110 771.40 730,710 782.30 54,480 661.60 14,070 653.70

77 ............................................... 746,180 766.70 681,150 777.40 49,180 653.10 13,410 650.90

78 ............................................... 702,080 766.80 639,380 776.90 47,710 663.10 12,110 661.20

79 ............................................... 680,880 767.00 623,780 777.30 43,890 650.70 10,710 656.30

80–84............................................ 2,456,900 810.30 2,255,330 821.00 156,540 682.00 35,460 704.40

80 ............................................... 600,080 766.20 550,240 776.30 38,400 652.80 9,110 647.10

81 ............................................... 524,740 779.80 479,270 790.80 35,550 656.40 7,770 675.30

82 ............................................... 500,890 818.80 461,520 829.20 30,190 687.40 7,100 704.70

83 ............................................... 439,390 843.00 404,590 853.70 26,750 704.40 6,350 755.10

84 ............................................... 391,800 871.10 359,710 882.40 25,650 731.60 5,130 787.00

85–89............................................ 1,331,180 828.50 1,219,590 840.30 88,490 687.80 19,170 734.00

85 ............................................... 346,350 854.00 319,200 864.90 20,910 712.90 5,060 757.50

86 ............................................... 304,630 836.10 278,720 848.50 20,520 688.60 4,410 741.80

87 ............................................... 262,760 821.60 240,960 832.30 17,270 691.70 3,830 732.40

88 ............................................... 230,660 809.80 210,010 821.40 16,650 679.30 3,280 719.70

89 ............................................... 186,780 802.00 170,700 815.10 13,140 652.10 2,590 695.50

90–94............................................ 477,800 772.20 432,150 787.00 38,230 620.90 6,410 674.80

95 or older..................................... 112,100 708.00 98,550 727.60 11,940 552.80 1,450 641.40

Men ....................................... 10,074,260 867.60 9,082,610 883.50 723,250 734.80 249,910 685.10

62–64............................................ 1,330,230 913.70 1,167,190 937.40 114,470 773.90 48,430 671.70

62 ............................................... 358,360 929.20 315,670 952.10 29,560 792.10 13,110 686.50

63 ............................................... 471,970 922.70 413,170 948.10 41,800 774.50 16,980 668.90

64 ............................................... 499,900 894.00 438,350 916.80 43,110 760.70 18,340 663.70

65–69............................................ 2,712,240 888.60 2,404,730 909.40 220,460 746.30 84,760 675.70

65 ............................................... 584,690 902.30 514,780 925.50 49,530 751.80 20,190 682.40

66 ............................................... 554,830 884.10 490,040 906.60 45,990 741.10 18,510 647.20

67 ............................................... 518,080 881.70 458,080 903.00 42,990 736.70 16,550 673.70

68 ............................................... 530,450 897.80 470,820 917.30 43,960 759.40 15,210 703.90

69 ............................................... 524,190 875.60 471,010 893.00 37,990 741.10 14,300 675.20

70–74............................................ 2,426,420 869.40 2,200,150 885.00 168,770 728.70 51,660 678.70

70 ............................................... 527,960 868.50 476,570 885.00 37,380 731.30 13,070 667.60

71 ............................................... 492,770 863.90 446,050 879.30 34,700 729.50 10,730 668.60

72 ............................................... 488,210 876.50 442,960 891.80 34,200 735.90 9,870 693.90

73 ............................................... 476,750 878.70 432,570 894.70 32,990 732.20 9,820 681.10

74 ............................................... 440,730 859.00 402,000 873.50 29,500 712.10 8,170 688.30

75–79............................................ 1,869,910 834.10 1,712,430 846.10 118,110 705.80 34,050 692.60

75 ............................................... 426,420 873.00 389,000 886.80 28,220 731.80 8,050 714.70

76 ............................................... 400,410 844.50 366,340 856.90 25,690 715.60 7,340 692.30

77 ............................................... 371,060 825.20 340,700 836.80 22,390 694.80 7,020 687.50

78 ............................................... 345,440 814.10 315,890 825.60 22,120 694.60 6,270 680.40

79 ............................................... 326,580 802.00 300,500 812.40 19,690 680.70 5,370 680.60

80–84............................................ 1,086,550 834.60 1,004,370 844.30 61,170 711.60 17,600 724.30

80 ............................................... 282,350 781.70 260,330 791.80 16,290 662.00 4,850 658.80

81 ............................................... 238,580 795.00 219,350 804.40 14,640 682.20 3,860 697.30

82 ............................................... 220,500 847.90 204,640 856.90 11,710 729.60 3,400 723.60

83 ............................................... 185,180 880.60 172,030 889.60 9,500 752.00 3,090 779.40

84 ............................................... 159,940 915.60 148,020 925.40 9,030 782.90 2,400 830.20

See footnotes at end of table.
5.A OASDI Current-Pay Benefits: Summary

186 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Retired workers—Continued

85–89............................................ 489,730 $856.70 450,760 $865.70 28,170 $743.20 9,510 $768.70

85 ............................................... 136,470 896.40 126,610 904.90 7,140 778.00 2,330 806.90

86 ............................................... 114,430 863.40 105,060 872.60 6,800 751.20 2,160 784.80

87 ............................................... 95,730 849.10 88,280 857.50 5,340 744.80 1,880 751.60

88 ............................................... 81,090 830.60 74,250 838.70 4,940 727.50 1,710 756.10

89 ............................................... 62,010 802.90 56,560 813.50 3,950 684.20 1,430 719.40

90–94............................................ 136,290 761.50 123,230 772.70 9,550 638.90 3,310 701.10

95 or older..................................... 22,890 687.70 19,750 704.10 2,550 560.90 590 688.00

 Women................................. 10,245,370 690.80 9,193,310 699.70 804,960 620.60 219,930 579.10

62–64............................................ 1,222,840 605.50 1,078,730 608.10 103,800 609.60 40,270 525.50

62 ............................................... 344,800 602.00 304,960 604.20 28,260 613.20 11,570 517.20

63 ............................................... 431,680 608.80 379,690 611.10 37,760 612.70 14,220 535.10

64 ............................................... 446,360 605.00 394,080 608.10 37,780 603.70 14,480 522.90

65–69............................................ 2,332,210 629.60 2,057,660 635.10 203,060 604.00 70,140 544.70

65 ............................................... 506,480 621.30 444,980 626.10 45,410 600.90 16,040 546.10

66 ............................................... 480,020 618.40 423,300 623.70 41,710 596.40 14,850 531.30

67 ............................................... 445,970 628.90 392,820 634.40 39,030 603.20 13,880 547.30

68 ............................................... 456,980 641.60 402,290 647.10 41,020 615.40 13,330 561.80

69 ............................................... 442,760 639.50 394,270 646.00 35,890 604.60 12,040 537.20

70–74............................................ 2,147,080 661.70 1,925,240 668.40 167,980 610.40 45,970 578.20

70 ............................................... 444,900 643.20 398,010 648.90 34,580 607.40 11,590 560.50

71 ............................................... 423,670 648.50 378,310 655.30 34,200 600.20 9,580 563.10

72 ............................................... 430,240 662.40 385,980 668.80 33,340 612.70 8,820 583.30

73 ............................................... 434,510 674.20 389,980 681.30 34,300 615.10 8,580 599.20

74 ............................................... 413,760 681.20 372,960 688.50 31,560 617.20 7,400 594.80

75–79............................................ 1,900,720 711.60 1,724,170 720.30 136,360 624.40 32,070 620.30

75 ............................................... 412,960 698.70 372,580 706.50 30,990 629.00 7,770 612.40

76 ............................................... 401,700 698.60 364,370 707.30 28,790 613.40 6,730 611.70

77 ............................................... 375,120 708.70 340,450 717.90 26,790 618.30 6,390 610.80

78 ............................................... 356,640 721.00 323,490 729.30 25,590 635.90 5,840 640.60

79 ............................................... 354,300 734.70 323,280 744.60 24,200 626.20 5,340 631.80

80–84............................................ 1,370,350 791.00 1,250,960 802.40 95,370 663.10 17,860 684.80

80 ............................................... 317,730 752.30 289,910 762.40 22,110 646.10 4,260 633.70

81 ............................................... 286,160 767.20 259,920 779.40 20,910 638.40 3,910 653.60

82 ............................................... 280,390 795.90 256,880 807.20 18,480 660.70 3,700 687.30

83 ............................................... 254,210 815.60 232,560 827.10 17,250 678.20 3,260 732.20

84 ............................................... 231,860 840.30 211,690 852.30 16,620 703.80 2,730 749.10

85–89............................................ 841,450 812.10 768,830 825.30 60,320 661.90 9,660 700.00

85 ............................................... 209,880 826.40 192,590 838.60 13,770 679.20 2,730 715.40

86 ............................................... 190,200 819.70 173,660 834.00 13,720 657.50 2,250 700.50

87 ............................................... 167,030 805.80 152,680 817.70 11,930 667.90 1,950 713.90

88 ............................................... 149,570 798.60 135,760 812.00 11,710 659.00 1,570 680.00

89 ............................................... 124,770 801.50 114,140 815.90 9,190 638.30 1,160 666.00

90–94............................................ 341,510 776.40 308,920 792.70 28,680 614.90 3,100 646.80

95 or older..................................... 89,210 713.30 78,800 733.60 9,390 550.60 860 609.50

Disabled workers

Total.................................. 34,560 $924.90 27,970 $965.10 4,940 $788.30 1,650 $652.60

62.................................................. 3,830 990.00 3,200 1,034.20 390 798.50 240 711.50

63.................................................. 11,770 947.40 9,650 989.10 1,490 806.60 630 641.70

64.................................................. 18,960 897.80 15,120 935.20 3,060 778.10 780 643.30

Men ....................................... 22,140 1,051.70 18,510 1,092.60 2,550 903.80 1,080 699.80

62.................................................. 2,520 1,101.80 2,180 1,152.40 180 819.40 160 729.60

63.................................................. 7,500 1,079.80 6,400 1,117.90 710 948.90 390 692.20

64.................................................. 12,120 1,023.90 9,930 1,063.20 1,660 893.60 530 696.40

Women.................................. 12,420 698.90 9,460 715.70 2,390 665.20 570 563.20

62.................................................. 1,310 774.90 1,020 781.50 210 780.60 80 675.40

63.................................................. 4,270 714.90 3,250 735.40 780 677.10 240 559.80

64.................................................. 6,840 674.40 5,190 690.30 1,400 641.20 250 530.60

Table 5.A3.—Number and average monthly benefit, with reduction for early retirement, by type of benefit, race, 1 age, and 

sex, December 2000—Continued

[Based on 10-percent sample]

Age and sex

Total 2 White Black Other

Number

Average

monthly

benefit Number

Average

monthly

benefit Number

Average

monthly

benefit Number

Average

monthly

benefit

See footnotes at end of table.
 5.A OASDI Current-Pay Benefits: Summary

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 187

Spouses

Total ....................... 2,264,660 408.50 2,098,870 415.10 97,580 336.00 61,870 304.90

Wives....................................... 2,254,310 409.40 2,091,400 415.80 96,070 337.90 60,510 307.30

62–64............................................ 332,990 393.30 301,360 402.30 17,100 320.40 14,070 291.40

62 ............................................... 87,640 387.30 79,630 395.00 4,390 325.90 3,550 293.20

63 ............................................... 115,820 391.20 104,820 400.60 6,060 319.10 4,790 280.40

64 ............................................... 129,530 399.10 116,910 408.80 6,650 318.10 5,730 299.50

65–69............................................ 650,350 414.20 595,090 422.40 32,310 340.60 21,400 302.10

65 ............................................... 136,280 413.70 122,960 423.10 7,520 336.90 5,530 311.50

66 ............................................... 130,830 411.60 119,080 419.70 6,930 349.80 4,490 299.00

67 ............................................... 124,630 413.00 113,780 422.50 6,150 320.70 4,470 301.20

68 ............................................... 129,580 415.30 119,440 422.90 6,230 338.40 3,540 302.50

69 ............................................... 129,030 417.30 119,830 423.70 5,480 359.00 3,370 291.80

70–74............................................ 593,960 413.50 553,600 419.30 24,950 346.10 13,460 306.80

70 ............................................... 131,480 416.60 121,920 422.80 6,010 355.20 3,240 304.80

71 ............................................... 121,610 414.40 112,930 421.00 5,080 340.80 3,190 308.70

72 ............................................... 120,050 413.90 111,850 419.60 5,130 347.40 2,590 304.40

73 ............................................... 116,410 413.60 109,430 418.60 4,570 345.10 2,010 309.90

74 ............................................... 104,410 408.10 97,470 413.70 4,160 338.70 2,430 306.90

75–79............................................ 414,680 405.10 391,100 409.20 14,170 336.80 7,870 328.90

75 ............................................... 97,740 407.10 91,780 411.50 3,680 346.10 1,950 331.80

76 ............................................... 91,210 400.40 85,960 404.40 3,330 337.30 1,590 317.50

77 ............................................... 81,540 404.10 76,670 408.90 2,810 323.10 1,700 325.50

78 ............................................... 76,020 405.40 71,740 409.30 2,500 332.00 1,560 340.70

79 ............................................... 68,170 409.60 64,950 412.70 1,850 344.60 1,070 328.50

80–84............................................ 193,800 421.90 184,920 425.20 5,320 344.50 2,880 349.10

85–89............................................ 59,180 400.00 56,420 402.50 1,830 336.40 780 367.20

90–94............................................ 8,870 381.50 8,460 385.20 360 296.80 50 372.80

95 or older..................................... 480 380.10 450 380.70 30 371.30 . . . . . .

Wives of retired workers..... 2,210,970 412.10 2,054,620 418.40 92,110 341.10 58,030 309.00

Wives of disabled workers . 43,340 269.70 36,780 271.00 3,960 261.90 2,480 266.80

Husbands................................. 10,350 217.10 7,470 220.70 1,510 216.50 1,360 198.40

Nondisabled widows 3 and widowers

Total ....................... 2,734,480 $739.60 2,387,950 $757.90 283,600 $614.10 56,250 $600.90

60–64 ........................................... 464,270 766.60 392,680 789.30 55,790 648.70 14,930 614.50

60 ............................................... 55,540 775.20 46,790 793.70 7,160 681.20 1,560 657.60

61 ............................................... 79,910 755.80 67,240 779.80 9,750 639.90 2,860 586.90

62 ............................................... 99,850 764.30 84,760 787.30 11,730 642.60 3,220 601.80

63 ............................................... 107,080 772.80 90,390 794.60 13,060 660.70 3,390 637.70

64 ............................................... 121,890 766.20 103,500 790.60 14,090 632.30 3,900 607.80

65–69 ........................................... 573,360 784.70 490,450 807.90 67,380 651.00 14,020 623.90

65 ............................................... 121,780 786.00 103,240 810.70 14,980 653.40 3,320 625.10

66 ............................................... 116,600 791.40 99,840 813.10 13,630 669.50 2,850 625.00

67 ............................................... 110,940 786.40 94,990 810.40 13,070 647.60 2,570 613.60

68 ............................................... 112,640 781.20 96,240 805.40 13,140 640.20 2,900 622.20

69 ............................................... 111,400 778.40 96,140 799.70 12,560 643.20 2,380 634.30

70–74 ........................................... 543,590 761.10 472,220 781.90 58,980 624.40 10,600 608.00

70 ............................................... 110,040 775.20 95,240 796.60 12,100 642.50 2,290 608.20

71 ............................................... 105,800 769.50 91,150 793.20 11,990 621.80 2,260 602.00

72 ............................................... 107,140 763.40 93,490 783.90 11,440 631.00 1,900 571.50

73 ............................................... 110,730 754.40 96,730 773.90 11,570 617.80 2,150 620.10

74 ............................................... 109,880 743.50 95,610 762.60 11,880 608.80 2,000 636.10

75–79 ........................................... 512,120 725.80 453,640 743.60 48,830 585.20 8,340 580.00

75 ............................................... 106,590 738.40 93,790 756.80 10,650 603.70 1,880 591.20

76 ............................................... 106,690 726.80 94,250 746.20 10,220 574.60 1,960 587.90

77 ............................................... 101,990 724.30 90,320 741.50 9,870 590.90 1,470 560.30

78 ............................................... 98,950 719.30 87,550 737.60 9,610 577.90 1,550 560.10

79 ............................................... 97,900 718.90 87,730 734.90 8,480 576.30 1,480 595.70

80–84 ........................................... 338,260 697.50 303,940 712.00 28,730 564.80 4,780 567.10

85–89 ........................................... 192,380 643.60 174,190 656.40 15,410 518.10 2,510 524.20

90–94 ........................................... 85,100 647.50 77,760 658.80 6,390 529.80 840 519.80

95 or older..................................... 25,400 639.80 23,070 650.40 2,090 531.10 230 576.70

 1 For a description of the race data, see footnotes 1 and 3 in table 5.A1. 2 Includes persons of unknown race. 3 For data on widows with benefits limited due to early retirement of spouse, see table 5.F13.

Table 5.A3.—Number and average monthly benefit, with reduction for early retirement, by type of benefit, race, 1 age, and 

sex, December 2000—Continued

[Based on 10-percent sample]

Age and sex

Total 2 White Black Other

Number

Average

monthly

benefit Number

Average

monthly

benefit Number

Average

monthly

benefit Number

Average

monthly

benefit

Contact: Rona Blumenthal/Joseph Bondar (410) 965-0163/0162 for further information. EEFO s

s

sEE
5.A OASDI Current-Pay Benefits: Summary

CONTACT: Rona Blumenthal/Joseph Bondar (410) 965-0163/0162 for further information.

188 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Table 5.A4.—Number and total monthly benefit, 1940–20001

1 Provisions for Railroad Retirement beneficiaries are described in the section Social Security (Old-Age, Survivors, and Disability Insurance).

December

Total

Retired

workers

Disabled

workers

Wives

and

husbands Children

Widowed

mothers

and

fathers

Widows

and

widowers Parents

Special

age-72

Total beneficiaries

OASI

trust fund

DI

trust fund

Number

1940................................... 222,488 222,488 . . . 112,331 . . . 29,749 54,648 20,499 4,437 824 . . .

1945................................... 1,288,107 1,288,107 . . . 518,234 . . . 159,168 390,134 120,581 93,781 6,209 . . .

1950................................... 3,477,243 3,477,243 . . . 1,770,984 . . . 508,350 699,703 169,438 314,189 14,579 . . .

1955................................... 7,960,616 7,960,616 . . . 4,473,971 . . . 1,191,963 1,276,240 291,916 701,360 25,166 . . .

1957................................... 11,128,897 10,979,047 149,850 6,197,532 149,850 1,827,048 1,502,077 328,309 1,095,137 28,944 . . .

1960................................... 14,844,589 14,157,138 687,451 8,061,469 455,371 2,345,983 2,000,451 401,358 1,543,843 36,114 . . .

1965................................... 20,866,767 19,127,716 1,739,051 11,100,584 988,074 2,806,912 3,092,659 471,816 2,371,433 35,289 . . .

1966................................... 22,767,252 20,796,930 1,970,322 11,658,443 1,097,190 2,860,026 3,392,970 487,755 2,602,015 34,540 634,313

1970................................... 26,228,629 23,563,634 2,664,995 13,349,175 1,492,948 2,951,552 4,122,305 523,136 3,227,160 28,729 533,624

1975................................... 32,084,511 27,732,311 4,352,200 16,588,001 2,488,774 3,320,310 4,972,008 581,845 3,888,705 21,444 223,424

1980................................... 35,584,955 30,906,511 4,678,444 19,562,085 2,858,680 3,477,427 4,606,517 562,316 4,410,515 14,779 92,636

1981................................... 36,006,371 31,550,097 4,456,274 20,195,362 2,776,519 3,459,027 4,429,979 547,593 4,507,941 13,627 76,323

1982................................... 35,839,338 31,866,077 3,973,261 20,763,230 2,603,599 3,405,170 3,882,511 514,772 4,594,961 12,483 62,612

1983................................... 36,084,748 32,271,757 3,812,991 21,418,747 2,569,029 3,347,237 3,593,377 400,298 4,693,791 11,422 50,847

1984................................... 36,478,683 32,656,902 3,821,781 21,906,461 2,596,516 3,354,799 3,408,457 382,411 4,779,190 10,452 40,397

1985................................... 37,058,317 33,151,003 3,907,314 22,431,930 2,656,638 3,374,599 3,319,490 371,659 4,862,805 9,541 31,655

1986................................... 37,702,976 33,707,103 3,995,873 22,980,948 2,728,463 3,386,917 3,294,587 350,546 4,928,019 8,726 24,770

1987................................... 38,189,919 34,145,244 4,044,675 23,439,684 2,785,859 3,380,856 3,243,939 328,838 4,983,846 7,890 19,007

1988................................... 38,627,019 34,552,719 4,074,300 23,858,226 2,830,284 3,366,843 3,203,822 317,761 5,028,822 7,145 14,116

1989................................... 39,151,370 35,022,543 4,128,827 24,326,604 2,895,364 3,364,563 3,165,113 312,079 5,070,873 6,484 10,290

1990................................... 39,832,125 35,566,144 4,265,981 24,838,100 3,011,294 3,366,975 3,187,010 303,923 5,111,482 5,908 7,433

1991................................... 40,592,173 36,079,133 4,513,040 25,288,719 3,194,938 3,370,454 3,268,252 300,661 5,158,383 5,467 5,299

1992................................... 41,507,188 36,617,492 4,889,696 25,757,727 3,467,783 3,382,189 3,391,173 294,176 5,205,375 5,083 3,682

1993................................... 42,245,719 36,992,153 5,253,566 26,104,305 3,725,966 3,367,206 3,527,483 289,350 5,224,279 4,673 2,457

1994................................... 42,883,470 37,299,951 5,583,519 26,407,756 3,962,954 3,337,484 3,653,887 283,072 5,232,379 4,318 1,620

1995................................... 43,387,259 37,529,603 5,857,656 26,672,806 4,185,263 3,289,551 3,734,097 275,020 5,225,519 3,976 1,027

1996................................... 43,736,836 37,664,802 6,072,034 26,898,072 4,385,623 3,194,080 3,802,791 242,135 5,209,812 3,670 653

1997................................... 43,971,086 37,818,047 6,153,039 27,274,572 4,508,134 3,129,129 3,771,774 230,222 5,053,442 3,419 394

1998................................... 44,245,731 37,911,161 6,334,570 27,510,535 4,698,319 3,054,073 3,768,928 220,610 4,989,855 3,186 225

1999................................... 44,595,624 38,071,894 6,523,730 27,774,677 4,879,455 2,987,307 3,794,795 212,401 4,943,915 2,931 143

2000................................... 45,414,794 38,741,432 6,673,362 28,498,945 5,042,334 2,963,326 3,802,863 203,052 4,901,437 2,748 89

Monthly benefit (in thousands)

1940................................... $4,070 $4,070 . . . $2,539 . . . $361 $668 $402 $90 $11 . . .

1945................................... 23,801 23,801 . . . 12,538 . . . 2,040 4,858 2,391 1,893 81 . . .

1950................................... 126,857 126,857 . . . 77,678 . . . 11,995 19,366 5,801 11,481 535 . . .

1955................................... 411,613 411,613 . . . 276,942 . . . 39,416 46,444 13,403 34,152 1,256 . . .

1957................................... 605,455 594,552 $10,904 400,250 $10,904 62,802 57,952 16,102 55,944 1,501 . . .

1960................................... 936,321 888,320 48,000 596,849 40,668 90,503 93,275 23,795 89,054 2,178 . . .

1965................................... 1,516,802 1,395,817 120,986 931,532 96,599 120,796 159,428 30,882 174,883 2,683 . . .

1966................................... 1,638,548 1,502,863 135,685 983,338 107,627 123,262 175,100 31,983 192,821 2,642 $21,777

1970................................... 2,628,326 2,385,926 242,400 1,576,551 196,010 175,323 279,845 45,258 328,245 2,965 24,128

1975................................... 5,727,758 5,047,656 680,102 3,436,752 562,180 332,159 544,048 85,676 747,903 3,685 15,354

1980................................... 10,682,791 9,422,206 1,260,585 6,678,216 1,059,792 569,528 864,242 138,426 1,358,836 4,080 9,672

1981................................... 12,255,310 10,901,677 1,353,632 7,794,868 1,147,113 642,347 946,273 151,509 1,560,102 4,230 8,868

1982................................... 13,320,480 11,997,646 1,322,835 8,705,109 1,147,131 693,100 882,875 155,876 1,724,392 4,186 7,811

1983................................... 14,173,415 12,834,821 1,338,594 9,440,689 1,171,957 725,618 856,218 123,559 1,844,798 3,996 6,579

1984................................... 15,025,627 13,636,147 1,389,480 10,089,401 1,222,081 760,944 847,825 122,957 1,973,203 3,804 5,413

1985................................... 15,901,579 14,441,682 1,459,896 10,736,304 1,285,375 796,351 858,006 123,557 2,094,003 3,609 4,373

1986................................... 16,534,384 15,027,053 1,507,331 11,225,159 1,331,144 816,351 860,953 118,602 2,175,345 3,371 3,459

1987................................... 17,612,946 16,016,257 1,596,689 12,016,444 1,415,811 856,263 883,739 115,966 2,318,748 3,213 2,763

1988................................... 18,691,340 17,008,453 1,682,887 12,806,481 1,498,637 893,521 908,660 116,902 2,461,948 3,061 2,132

1989................................... 20,037,582 18,237,927 1,799,655 13,789,570 1,609,780 944,429 938,538 120,970 2,629,728 2,941 1,627

1990................................... 21,686,763 19,716,655 1,970,108 14,966,531 1,768,313 1,004,852 991,628 124,340 2,827,012 2,849 1,238

1991................................... 23,076,535 20,912,298 2,164,237 15,914,665 1,946,823 1,049,463 1,045,006 127,510 2,989,385 2,767 915

1992................................... 24,442,156 22,033,164 2,408,992 16,810,432 2,171,080 1,089,504 1,100,812 128,748 3,138,250 2,676 655

1993................................... 25,662,445 23,011,870 2,650,575 17,595,964 2,390,829 1,117,643 1,160,403 129,752 3,264,849 2,557 448

1994................................... 26,936,223 24,032,186 2,904,037 18,415,099 2,620,982 1,144,466 1,226,468 131,463 3,394,982 2,459 303

1995................................... 28,148,078 24,993,131 3,154,947 19,199,157 2,853,365 1,164,029 1,283,288 131,430 3,514,262 2,349 197

1996................................... 29,426,079 26,017,474 3,408,605 20,038,023 3,087,223 1,177,458 1,356,685 124,678 3,639,632 2,252 129

1997................................... 30,463,716 26,884,933 3,578,782 20,864,462 3,252,919 1,185,143 1,389,552 122,488 3,646,898 2,173 79

1998................................... 31,298,873 27,519,891 3,778,982 21,449,654 3,444,259 1,179,882 1,417,362 120,247 3,685,349 2,074 46

1999................................... 32,578,327 28,548,030 4,030,297 22,339,070 3,679,691 1,188,814 1,473,988 120,157 3,774,601 1,975 30

2000................................... 34,848,920 30,517,277 4,331,642 24,066,918 3,965,304 1,233,598 1,547,808 120,812 3,912,527 1,934 19
 5.A OASDI Current-Pay Benefits: Summary

CONTACT: Rona Blumenthal/Joseph Bondar (410) 965-0163/0162 for further information.

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 189 

Table 5.A5.—Number and average age, by type of benefit, 

December 2000

[Based on 10-percent sample]

Type of benefit

Number 1

(in thousands)

 1 Provisions for Railroad Retirement beneficiaries are described in the section 

Social Security (Old-Age, Survivors, and Disability Insurance).

Average

age

Total .......................................................... 45,417 . . .

OASI .................................................................. 38,742 . . .

Retired workers.............................................. 28,506 74

Spouses ......................................................... 2,797 72

Children of retired workers............................. 458 24

Under age 18............................................ 255 13

Disabled, aged 18 or older ....................... 192 40

Students, aged 18–19............................... 11 18

Children of deceased workers........................ 1,878 21

Under age 18............................................ 1,343 12

Disabled, aged 18 or older ....................... 484 47

Students, aged 18–19............................... 51 18

Nondisabled widows and widowers ............... 4,699 77

Widowed mothers and fathers ....................... 201 43

Disabled widows and widowers ..................... 200 59

Parents of deceased workers......................... 3 82

DI ....................................................................... 6,675 . . .

Disabled workers............................................ 5,036 51

Spouses ......................................................... 165 48

Children.......................................................... 1,475 12

Under age 18............................................ 1,382 11

Disabled, aged 18 or older ....................... 58 27

 Students, aged 18–19 .............................. 35 18

Table 5.A6.—Number and average monthly benefit, by type 

of benefit and race, 1 December 2000

[Based on 10-percent sample]

 1 For a description of the race data, see footnotes 1 and 3 in table 5.A1.

Type of benefit Total 2

 2 Includes persons of unknown race.

White Black Other

Number 3 (in thousands)

 3 Provisions for Railroad Retirement beneficiaries are described in the section 

Social Security (Old-Age, Survivors, and Disability Insurance).

Total................................. 45,417 38,853 4,622 1,769

Men .......................................... 17,717 15,416 1,572 671

Women..................................... 23,890 20,847 2,222 740

Children.................................... 3,810 2,590 828 358

Under age 18...................... 2,980 1,938 680 329

Disabled, aged 18 or

older ................................ 734 584 126 22

Students, aged 18–19......... 97 68 21 7

Retired workers and

their spouses

and children .................... 31,761 28,301 2,509 859

Retired workers................... 28,506 25,401 2,283 749

Wives and husbands .......... 2,797 2,561 135 83

Children .............................. 458 339 91 27

Disabled workers and

their spouses

and children .................... 6,676 4,707 1,198 448

Disabled workers ................ 5,036 3,702 868 427

Wives and husbands .......... 165 125 21 18

Children .............................. 1,475 980 309 173

Survivors of deceased

workers ............................... 6,786 5,604 875 274

Widows and widowers ........ 4,699 4,182 412 92

Widowed mothers and

fathers ............................. 201 142 34 23

Children .............................. 1,878 1,270 428 159

Parents ............................... 3 2 m((( 4 ((4)(

 4 Fewer than 500 beneficiaries.

(4)

Average monthly benefit

Retired workers ........................ $844.60 $859.90 $724.20 $697.40

Men..................................... 951.50 970.90 795.10 752.60

Women ............................... 729.60 739.30 659.20 626.50

Disabled workers...................... 787.00 809.30 731.40 709.90

Men..................................... 883.00 915.30 790.90 784.50

Women ............................... 661.10 666.10 662.40 615.00

Widowed mothers and

 fathers ................................. 593.00 633.10 508.40 469.60

Nondisabled widows and

 widows................................. 810.20 829.90 646.00 644.50

Surviving children..................... 548.70 589.50 464.90 448.30
5.A OASDI Current-Pay Benefits: Summary

CONTACT: Rona Blumenthal/Joseph Bondar (410) 965-0163/0162 for further information.

190 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Table 5.A7.—Number and average monthly benefit for women, by type of benefit and race, 1 December 2000

[Numbers in thousands. Based on 10-percent sample]

 1 For a description of the race data, see footnotes 1 and 3 in table 5.A1.

Type of benefit

Total 2 

 2 Includes persons of unknown race.

White Black Other

Number

Average

monthly

benefit Number

Average

monthly

benefit Number

Average

monthly

benefit Number

Average

monthly

benefit

All women

Total 3 .....................................................................................

 3 Includes special-age 72 beneficiaries and parents, excludes adults receiving benefits because of childhood disability.

23,890 $698.60 20,847 $710.50 2,222 $629.60 740 $572.50

Workers............................................................................................ 15,913 720.20 13,749 730.90 1,592 660.00 516 622.30

Retired.......................................................................................... 13,734 729.60 12,175 739.30 1,190 659.20 328 626.50

Full benefit ................................................................................ 3,489 843.50 2,982 861.30 385 739.80 108 722.90

Reduced benefit........................................................................ 10,245 690.80 9,193 699.70 805 620.60 220 579.10

Disabled ....................................................................................... 2,179 661.10 1,574 666.10 402 662.40 188 615.00

Wives of retired and disabled workers ............................................. 2,926 419.20 2,662 429.30 151 330.30 103 289.60

Entitlement based on care of children .......................................... 167 220.80 124 235.20 23 197.90 19 156.30

Husband retired ........................................................................ 56 330.40 43 347.20 8 298.80 4 222.80

Husband disabled..................................................................... 111 165.90 80 174.70 16 148.80 14 135.80

Entitlement based on age............................................................. 2,759 431.10 2,539 438.80 128 354.30 84 319.30

Husband retired ........................................................................ 2,710 433.90 2,497 441.50 123 357.30 82 321.10

Full benefit ............................................................................ 496 531.90 440 550.10 30 407.00 23 352.20

Reduced benefit.................................................................... 2,214 412.00 2,057 418.30 92 341.10 58 308.70

Husband disabled..................................................................... 50 277.90 42 278.50 5 278.50 3 269.00

Widows............................................................................................. 5,048 792.60 4,434 816.10 479 622.50 120 601.40

Entitlement based on care of children .......................................... 191 598.20 135 639.70 32 508.80 22 472.10

Nondisabled, aged 60 or older ..................................................... 4,622 811.80 4,153 831.40 406 646.90 90 646.60

Disabled, aged 50–64............................................................... 195 523.00 146 542.70 40 465.90 9 453.30

Women aged 65 or older

Total 4 .....................................................................................

 4 Excludes parents, special age-72 beneficiaries, and adults receiving benefits because of childhood disability.

19,150 $719.40 17,106 $730.10 1,550 $638.30 434 $591.70

Entitled as worker............................................................................. 12,511 741.80 11,096 752.00 1,086 663.90 288 640.70

Worker only .................................................................................. 6,979 714.40 5,985 728.40 757 633.10 215 619.80

Dually entitled............................................................................... 5,532 776.20 5,111 779.80 329 735.00 73 702.10

Wife’s benefit ............................................................................ 2,229 504.60 2,108 507.10 81 450.50 33 480.10

Widow’s benefit......................................................................... 3,306 959.30 3,006 971.00 248 827.80 40 882.30

Entitled as wife or widow only .......................................................... 6,639 677.40 6,010 689.50 463 578.10 146 495.00

Wife’s benefit................................................................................ 2,422 436.50 2,234 443.90 110 359.70 70 325.20

Widow’s benefit ............................................................................ 4,216 815.80 3,776 834.90 353 646.10 76 652.00

Table 5.A8.—Number and average primary insurance amount and average monthly benefit for persons with benefits 

based on special minimum primary insurance amount, by type of benefit, December 2000

Type of benefit Number of beneficiaries Average primary insurance amount Average monthly benefit

Total ........................................................................................ 141,516 $521.31 $583.49

Retired workers................................................................................ 127,183 518.66 607.19

Men .............................................................................................. 29,309 504.88 447.37

Women......................................................................................... 97,874 522.78 655.05

Wives and husbands of retired workers........................................... 4,362 506.46 206.36

Children of retired workers............................................................... 595 517.32 206.01

Disabled workers ............................................................................. 14 506.36 502.71

Wives and husbands of disabled workers........................................ . . . . . . . . . Children of disabled workers............................................................ 3 600.90 199.33

Nondisabled widows and widows .................................................... 7,813 564.14 475.36

Disabled widows and widowers ....................................................... 252 564.85 359.96

Widowed mothers and fathers ......................................................... 56 559.00 361.91

Children of deceased workers ......................................................... 1,238 566.85 398.22
 5.A OASDI Current-Pay Benefits: Summary

CONTACT: Rona Blumenthal/Joseph Bondar (410) 965-0163/0162 for further information.

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 191

Table 5.A10.—Number and average monthly benefit for beneficiaries aged 60 or older, by type of benefit, age, and sex, 

December 2000

 [Based on 10-percent sample]

Type of benefit Total1

1 The sum of the individual categories may not equal total because of independent rounding.

Age attained during 2000

60–61 62–64 65–69 70–74 75–79 80–84 85–89 90–94

95 or

older 2

2 Includes 39,480 persons aged 100 or older, 5,590 men and 33,890 women.

Number (in thousands)

Total ............................................ 37,341 645 3,984 8,786 8,211 6,977 4,704 2,662 1,066 306

Retired workers 3 ...................................

3 Includes special age-72 beneficiaries.

28,506 . . . 2,553 7,285 6,636 5,473 3,623 1,985 752 200

Widows, widowers, parents,

and mothers and fathers .................... 4,809 181 389 701 814 945 803 579 295 104

Wives and husbands.............................. 2,807 6 346 776 742 548 273 96 19 2

Disabled workers ................................... 1,119 442 676 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Disabled children4 .................................

4 Includes adults receiving benefits because of childhood disability.

 99 16 20 25 19 12 6 2 (5) (5)

Men................................................. 15,543 271 1,750 4,103 3,653 2,870 1,742 834 265 56

Retired workers 3 ................................... 14,772 5 . . .

5Fewer than 500 beneficiaries.

 1,330 4,076 3,631 2,855 1,734 828 262 56

Widowers, parents, and fathers ............. 40 8 11 7 4 3 2 2 1 (5)

Husbands............................................... 34 (5) 2 8 10 7 4 3 1 (5)

Disabled workers ................................... 651 254 397 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Disabled children 4................................. 47 8 10 12 9 4 2 1 (5) . . .

Women ........................................... 21,797 374 2,234 4,684 4,558 4,107 2,962 1,828 801 249

Retired workers 3 ................................... 13,734 . . . 1,223 3,209 3,005 2,618 1,889 1,157 489 144

Widows, parents, and mothers ............. 4,770 172 378 694 810 941 800 577 294 104

Wives ..................................................... 2,773 6 345 768 732 540 269 93 18 2

Disabled workers ................................... 468 189 280 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Disabled children 4................................. 53 7 9 13 10 7 4 1 (5) (5)

Average monthly benefit

Total .............................................. $807.50 $801.80 $744.60 $797.30 $801.40 $803.20 $851.30 $886.30 $827.70 $766.30

Retired workers 3 ................................... 844.60 . . . 766.10 836.20 842.20 839.70 884.00 927.70 855.50 787.30

Widows, widowers, parents,

and mothers and fathers .................... 803.90 705.40 732.00 812.60 814.20 812.60 841.10 816.40 780.90 732.00

Wives and husbands.............................. 428.50 345.70 391.20 427.90 430.80 429.80 456.10 463.70 455.50 419.20

Disabled workers ................................... 857.30 856.30 857.90 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Disabled children 4................................. 500.80 549.60 528.30 505.40 480.40 458.90 443.70 406.10 (5) (5)

Men............................................... 950.00 978.90 929.90 961.10 952.00 924.00 950.70 1,021.30 922.80 864.00

Retired workers 3 ................................... 951.50 . . . 913.70 964.40 955.30 927.00 953.40 1,025.80 927.10 867.20

Widowers, parents, and fathers ............. 593.20 549.10 630.30 668.80 622.70 537.90 536.70 494.50 487.90 (5)

Husbands............................................... 238.50 (5) 189.60 235.80 241.80 230.40 241.70 268.40 281.90 (5)

Disabled workers ................................... 1,006.50 1,007.20 1,006.10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Disabled children 4................................. 504.40 549.60 529.60 503.60 478.70 460.60 432.50 412.60 (5) . . .

Women ......................................... 706.00 673.80 599.40 653.80 680.70 718.80 792.90 824.70 796.30 744.30

Retired workers 3 ................................... 729.60 . . . 605.50 673.30 705.50 744.60 820.30 857.40 817.10 756.30

Widows, parents, and mothers .............. 805.60 712.90 734.90 814.10 815.10 813.60 842.00 817.70 782.00 732.70

Wives ..................................................... 430.80 347.10 392.20 429.80 433.20 432.60 459.10 469.50 464.60 433.60

Disabled workers ................................... 649.70 653.00 647.50 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Disabled children 4................................. 497.60 549.50 526.90 507.20 481.80 457.90 450.20 403.00 (5) (5)
5.A OASDI Current-Pay Benefits: Summary

CONTACT: Rona Blumenthal/Joseph Bondar (410) 965-0163/0162 for further information.

192 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

‘

Table 5.A14.—Number and percentage distribution of women aged 62 or older, by type of benefit and dual entitlement 

status, December 1960–2000

Type of benefit 1960 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 1999 2000

Number (in thousands)

Total 1 .................................

 1 Excludes special age-72 beneficiaries and adults receiving benefits because of childhood disability.

6,619 11,374 14,010 16,350 18,412 19,954 20,888 21,147 21,381

Entitled as worker 2 ......................

 2 Includes disabled workers.

2,866 5,753 7,586 9,304 10,805 12,037 12,974 13,719 14,013

Worker only .............................. 2,563 4,786 5,926 6,710 7,096 7,359 7,554 7,947 8,117

Dually entitled 3 ........................

 3 Includes parents.

303 967 1,660 2,594 3,709 4,678 4 5,420

 4 Based on 10-percent sample.

4 5,772 4 5,896

Wife’s benefit........................ 159 388 617 1,016 1,594 2,077 4 2,398 4 2,499 4 2,568

Widow’s benefit .................... 141 574 1,039 1,575 2,112 2,600 4 3,022 4 3,272 4 3,327

Entitled as wife or widow only 3 ... 3,753 5,621 6,424 7,046 7,607 7,917 7,914 7,429 7,368

Wife’s benefit............................ 2,174 2,546 2,745 2,884 3,018 3,059 2,985 2,784 2,768

Widow’s benefit 5 .....................

 5 Includes disabled widows and mothers.

1,546 3,048 3,659 4,148 4,580 4,853 4,926 4,642 4,598

Percentage distribution

Total 1 ................................. 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.00

Entitled as worker 2 ..................... 43.3 50.6 54.1 56.9 58.7 60.3 62.1 64.9 65.5

Worker only .............................. 38.7 42.1 42.3 41.0 38.5 36.9 36.2 37.6 38.0

Dually entitled 3 ....................... 4.6 8.5 11.8 15.9 20.1 23.4 4 25.9 4 27.3 4 27.6

Wife’s benefit........................ 2.4 3.4 4.4 6.2 8.7 10.4 4 11.5 4 11.8 4 12.0

Widow’s benefit .................... 2.1 5.0 7.4 9.6 11.5 13.0 4 14.4 4 15.5 4 15.6

Entitled as wife or widow only 3 ... 56.7 49.4 45.9 43.1 41.3 39.7 37.9 35.1 34.5

Wife’s benefit............................ 32.8 22.4 19.6 17.6 16.4 15.3 14.3 13.2 12.9

Widow’s benefit 5 ..................... 23.4 26.8 26.1 25.4 24.9 24.3 23.6 22.0 21.5

Table 5.A15.—Number and average monthly benefit for women aged 65 or older, by age, type of benefit, and dual 

entitlement status, December 2000

[Based on 10-percent sample]

Type of benefit Total 65–69 70–74 75–79 80–84 85–89 90 or older

Number

Total 1 .............................................................

 1 Excludes parents, special age-72 beneficiaries, and adults receiving benefits because of childhood disability.

19,150,040 4,670,020 4,547,350 4,099,010 2,957,920 1,826,420 1,049,320

Entitled as worker .................................................... 12,511,220 3,208,920 3,005,050 2,618,000 1,889,000 1,157,070 633,180

Worker only .......................................................... 6,976,300 2,104,860 1,726,480 1,329,530 892,650 589,260 333,520

Dually entitled....................................................... 5,534,920 1,104,060 1,278,570 1,288,470 996,350 567,810 299,660

Wife’s benefit.................................................... 2,228,840 795,400 692,720 469,590 206,840 54,800 9,490

Widow’s benefit ................................................ 3,306,080 308,660 585,850 818,880 789,510 513,010 290,170

Entitled as wife or widow only.................................. 6,638,820 1,461,100 1,542,300 1,481,010 1,068,920 669,350 416,140

Wife’s benefit........................................................ 2,422,450 767,870 732,410 540,440 269,220 93,320 19,190

Widow’s benefit .................................................... 4,216,370 693,230 809,890 940,570 799,700 576,030 396,950

Average monthly benefit

Total 1 ............................................................. $719.40 $654.20 $681.20 $719.30 $793.30 $825.10 $784.20

Entitled as worker .................................................... 741.70 673.30 705.50 744.60 820.30 857.40 803.30

Worker only .......................................................... 714.40 691.30 696.80 696.10 748.50 813.60 758.30

Dually entitled....................................................... 776.20 639.10 717.20 794.60 884.50 902.90 853.50

Wife’s benefit.................................................... 504.60 511.60 500.60 491.70 512.10 534.10 527.30

Widow’s benefit ................................................ 959.30 967.90 973.40 968.20 982.10 942.30 864.20

Entitled as wife or widow only.................................. 677.40 612.20 633.80 674.60 745.60 769.20 755.20

Wife’s benefit........................................................ 436.50 429.80 433.20 432.60 459.10 469.50 462.00

Widow’s benefit .................................................... 815.80 814.30 815.10 813.70 842.00 817.80 769.30
5.A OASDI Current-Pay Benefits: Summary

CONTACT: Rona Blumenthal/Angela Y. Harper (410) 965-0163/9952 for further information.

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2000 193

1 Includes parents and special age-72 beneficiaries. Excludes 97,768 student beneficiaries aged 18–19.

2 Fewer than 500 beneficiaries.

Table 5.A16.—Number and average monthly benefit for adult beneficiaries, by type of benefit, sex, and age, 

December 2000

Type of benefit and sex

Number of beneficiaries (in thousands) Average monthly benefit

Total Under 62 62–64 65 or older Total Under 62 62–64 65 or older

Total1 ........................................................ 42,341 5,645 3,973 32,722 $795.43 $717.25 $744.35 $815.11

Retired workers.................................................. 28,499 . . . 2,545 25,954 844.48 . . . 765.67 852.21

Disabled workers ............................................... 5,042 4,363 679 . . . 786.40 775.50 856.43 . . .

Wives and husbands of retired workers............. 2,798 48 314 2,436 429.14 321.79 401.38 434.86

Wives and husbands of disabled workers.......... 165 113 30 23 198.42 164.53 269.50 273.95

Nondisabled widows and widowers ................... 4,700 134 324 4,242 810.18 764.75 772.10 814.52

Disabled widows and widowers ......................... 201 145 56 . . . 519.66 520.99 516.25 . . .

Mothers and fathers........................................... 203 197 6 1 594.98 593.68 641.77 592.77

Disabled children, aged 18 or older ................... 729 646 19 64 518.26 521.69 529.73 479.95

Men1........................................................... 18,111 2,843 1,749 13,519 928.13 815.79 929.60 951.56

Retired workers.................................................. 14,767 . . . 1,329 13,439 951.05 . . . 913.13 954.80

Disabled workers ............................................... 2,856 2,458 398 . . . 882.66 862.73 1,005.81 . . .

Husbands of retired workers.............................. 32 (2) 1 31 242.74 (2) 208.41 244.03

Husbands of disabled workers........................... 4 2 (2) 1 155.86 125.84 (2) 196.04

Nondisabled widowers....................................... 37 7 10 20 606.86 573.94 660.14 591.87

Disabled widowers............................................. 5 4 1 . . . 361.68 364.86 349.37 . . .

Fathers............................................................... 10 10 (2) (2) 502.76 502.76 (2) (2)

Disabled children, aged 18 or older ................... 399 361 10 28 515.83 518.54 524.24 477.50

Women1 ..................................................... 24,230 2,803 2,225 19,203 696.24 617.31 598.71 719.05

Retired workers.................................................. 13,732 . . . 1,217 12,515 729.89 . . . 604.66 742.06

Disabled workers ............................................... 2,186 1,905 281 . . . 660.61 662.92 645.02 . . .

Wives of retired workers .................................... 2,766 48 313 2,405 431.32 321.91 402.07 437.33

Wives of disabled workers ................................. 161 111 29 21 199.48 165.26 271.14 279.35

Nondisabled widows .......................................... 4,663 127 314 4,222 811.78 775.29 775.64 815.57

Disabled widows ................................................ 196 141 55 . . . 523.83 525.55 519.45 . . .

Mothers.............................................................. 193 187 5 1 599.67 598.39 644.12 596.19

Disabled children, aged 18 or older ................... 330 284 10 36 521.19 525.69 535.24 481.84
5.A OASDI Current-Pay Benefits: Summary

CONTACT: Rona Blumenthal/Angela Y. Harper (410) 965-0163/9952 for further information.

194 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Table 5.A17.—Number and average benefit for disabled beneficiaries, by type of benefit, 1957–2000

December Total

Number of— Average monthly benefit of—

Workers

Children,

aged 18 or older

Widows and

widowers Workers

Children,

aged 18 or older

Widows and

widowers

1957........................................................ 178,719 149,850 28,869 . . . $72.76 $38.62 . . .

1958........................................................ 284,744 237,719 47,025 . . . 82.10 39.62 . . .

1959........................................................ 416,896 334,443 82,453 . . . 89.00 42.96 . . .

1960........................................................ 559,425 455,371 104,054 . . . 89.31 44.15 . . .

1961........................................................ 742,296 618,075 124,221 . . . 89.59 45.28 . . .

1962........................................................ 888,131 740,867 147,264 . . . 89.99 45.67 . . .

1963........................................................ 993,656 827,014 166,642 . . . 90.59 46.45 . . .

1964........................................................ 1,077,695 894,173 183,522 . . . 91.12 47.35 . . .

1965........................................................ 1,186,464 988,074 198,390 . . . 97.76 51.77 . . .

1966........................................................ 1,310,911 1,097,190 213,721 . . . 98.09 52.42 . . .

1967........................................................ 1,422,778 1,193,120 229,658 . . . 98.43 53.41 . . .

1968........................................................ 1,560,517 1,295,300 243,654 21,563 111.86 61.83 $72.25

1969........................................................ 1,690,982 1,394,291 257,222 39,469 112.74 62.79 71.02

1970........................................................ 1,812,786 1,492,948 270,557 49,281 131.26 73.21 82.00

1971........................................................ 1,990,098 1,647,684 285,671 56,743 146.52 81.37 90.11

1972........................................................ 2,202,090 1,832,916 305,007 64,167 179.32 98.81 109.54

1973........................................................ 2,415,383 2,016,626 319,988 78,769 183.00 100.14 111.14

1974........................................................ 2,670,092 2,236,882 341,082 92,128 205.70 112.45 125.87

1975........................................................ 2,960,620 2,488,774 362,335 109,511 225.90 122.80 137.70

1976........................................................ 3,171,198 2,670,208 381,563 119,427 245.17 132.32 147.01

1977........................................................ 3,368,954 2,837,432 404,246 127,276 265.30 142.12 156.11

1978........................................................ 3,429,421 2,879,774 419,896 129,751 288.30 153.66 165.46

1979........................................................ 3,435,761 2,870,590 435,338 129,833 322.00 171.55 180.52

1980........................................................ 3,436,429 2,858,680 450,169 127,580 370.70 198.95 205.02

1981........................................................ 3,361,130 2,776,519 463,021 121,590 413.20 224.51 226.58

1982........................................................ 3,192,379 2,603,599 472,408 116,372 440.60 245.07 242.11

1983........................................................ 3,168,992 2,569,029 488,372 111,591 456.20 257.78 250.33

1984........................................................ 3,212,040 2,596,516 506,373 109,151 470.70 270.28 306.24

1985........................................................ 3,289,485 2,656,638 525,842 107,005 483.80 281.92 315.26

1986........................................................ 3,380,480 2,728,463 545,043 106,974 487.90 288.79 319.74

1987........................................................ 3,453,414 2,785,859 561,273 106,282 508.20 304.32 333.89

1988........................................................ 3,507,707 2,830,284 574,300 103,123 529.50 320.21 348.05

1989........................................................ 3,583,451 2,895,364 586,457 101,630 556.00 339.47 366.72

1990........................................................ 3,712,763 3,011,294 600,480 100,989 587.20 361.71 388.93

1991........................................................ 3,925,472 3,194,938 616,045 114,489 609.40 378.86 406.96

1992........................................................ 4,236,080 3,467,783 636,973 131,324 626.10 393.61 422.65

1993........................................................ 4,529,466 3,725,966 656,485 147,015 641.70 407.20 434.20

1994........................................................ 4,796,313 3,962,954 672,683 160,676 661.40 422.40 446.30

1995........................................................ 5,044,388 4,185,263 686,101 173,024 681.80 437.30 458.30

1996........................................................ 5,264,321 4,385,623 696,787 181,911 703.90 454.30 471.00

1997........................................................ 5,400,781 4,508,134 704,709 187,938 721.60 468.60 480.40

1998........................................................ 5,605,272 4,698,319 712,772 194,181 733.10 479.40 487.30

1999........................................................ 5,798,776 4,879,455 720,526 198,795 754.10 495.60 499.90

2000........................................................ 5,972,450 5,042,334 728,689 201,427 786.40 518.30 519.70
5.B OASDI Current-Pay Benefits: Retired Workers

CONTACT: Joseph Bondar/Rona Blumenthal (410) 965-0162/0163 for further information.

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 195

Table 5.B1.—Number, average primary insurance amount, and average monthly benefit without reduction for early 

retirement and with delayed retirement credit, by age and sex, December 2000

[Based on 10-percent sample]

Age

Total Men Women

Number

Average

Number

Average

Number

Average

Primary

insurance

amount

Monthly

benefit

Primary

insurance

amount

Monthly

benefit

Primary

insurance

amount

Monthly

benefit

Total............................... 4,206,030 $1,073.60 $1,156.00 2,630,730 $1,187.70 $1,261.20 1,575,300 $883.00 $980.40

66–69.................................... 795,740 1,085.90 1,152.60 524,260 1,201.80 1,270.00 271,480 862.10 925.90

66 ....................................... 183,840 1,106.40 1,137.10 123,900 1,215.50 1,243.30 59,940 880.90 917.50

67 ....................................... 197,520 1,086.90 1,147.20 131,140 1,202.00 1,263.40 66,380 859.50 917.70

68 ....................................... 203,520 1,093.00 1,170.30 133,320 1,210.20 1,291.40 70,200 870.40 940.10

69 ....................................... 210,860 1,060.30 1,154.20 135,900 1,180.90 1,279.80 74,960 841.50 926.40

70–74.................................... 1,101,310 1,043.10 1,142.00 688,070 1,170.10 1,266.90 413,240 831.70 934.10

70 ....................................... 225,710 1,036.10 1,136.60 140,720 1,168.20 1,271.20 84,990 817.40 913.70

71 ....................................... 219,870 1,024.40 1,131.90 135,380 1,153.70 1,262.10 84,490 817.10 923.30

72 ....................................... 219,650 1,049.60 1,148.40 137,090 1,180.20 1,276.40 82,560 832.90 935.80

73 ....................................... 218,110 1,059.90 1,159.50 136,960 1,185.40 1,281.60 81,150 848.30 953.30

74 ....................................... 217,970 1,045.70 1,133.90 137,920 1,162.70 1,243.00 80,050 844.10 945.90

75–79.................................... 976,440 1,026.30 1,118.50 622,830 1,134.20 1,212.00 353,610 836.20 953.90

75 ....................................... 194,640 1,068.10 1,165.80 122,660 1,188.40 1,279.00 71,980 863.10 973.10

76 ....................................... 211,190 1,036.90 1,122.20 134,660 1,149.20 1,220.90 76,530 839.20 948.40

77 ....................................... 199,370 1,016.60 1,106.60 127,670 1,121.80 1,195.90 71,700 829.30 947.60

78 ....................................... 187,030 1,008.40 1,103.20 120,530 1,109.20 1,186.60 66,500 825.80 952.10

79 ....................................... 184,210 998.50 1,092.90 117,310 1,099.50 1,175.50 66,900 821.40 947.80

80–84.................................... 688,530 1,088.70 1,179.30 431,980 1,192.30 1,263.60 256,550 914.20 1,037.30

80 ....................................... 172,060 988.00 1,085.20 110,070 1,083.80 1,159.80 61,990 817.80 952.70

81 ....................................... 146,290 1,015.60 1,113.40 92,640 1,110.60 1,188.10 53,650 851.50 984.40

82 ....................................... 135,920 1,076.50 1,178.10 83,550 1,184.10 1,265.70 52,370 904.80 1,038.30

83 ....................................... 124,400 1,108.80 1,208.90 77,920 1,221.00 1,302.20 46,480 920.60 1,052.50

84 ....................................... 109,860 1,336.20 1,382.30 67,800 1,457.30 1,488.20 42,060 1,140.90 1,211.50

85–89.................................... 408,320 1,244.40 1,292.90 244,510 1,360.40 1,392.20 163,810 1,071.20 1,144.70

85 ....................................... 101,920 1,312.80 1,357.70 62,990 1,433.40 1,464.10 38,930 1,117.70 1,185.50

86 ....................................... 96,950 1,271.50 1,319.20 58,510 1,384.50 1,414.90 38,440 1,099.40 1,173.60

87 ....................................... 82,600 1,236.60 1,285.70 49,230 1,352.60 1,383.80 33,370 1,065.50 1,141.10

88 ....................................... 69,100 1,193.00 1,243.70 40,530 1,306.30 1,339.30 28,570 1,032.30 1,108.20

89 ....................................... 57,750 1,150.90 1,203.30 33,250 1,257.50 1,292.80 24,500 1,006.30 1,081.90

90 or older............................. 235,690 1,030.50 1,083.80 119,080 1,135.80 1,169.80 116,610 922.90 995.90
5.G OASDI Current-Pay Benefits: Retired Workers 

CONTACT: Joseph Bondar/Rona Blumenthal (410) 965-0162/0163 for further information.

196 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Table 5.B2.—Number, average primary insurance amount, and average monthly benefit without reduction for early 

retirement and without delayed retirement credit, by age and sex, December 2000

 [Based on 10-percent sample]

Age

Total Men Women

Number

Average

Number

Average

Number

Average

Primary

insurance

amount

Monthly

benefit

Primary

insurance

amount

Monthly

benefit

Primary

insurance

amount

Monthly

benefit

Total............................... 3,980,260 $798.10 $852.80 2,066,940 $965.10 $965.80 1,913,320 $617.60 $730.70

65–69.................................... 1,444,330 870.00 896.80 839,170 1,018.70 1,018.20 605,160 663.90 728.50

65 ....................................... 440,150 961.70 975.30 271,660 1,104.30 1,103.70 168,490 731.70 768.30

66 ....................................... 285,510 848.50 875.00 163,650 995.30 994.80 121,860 651.20 714.20

67 ....................................... 252,660 831.40 861.60 144,220 976.90 976.30 108,440 637.80 709.10

68 ....................................... 242,080 826.40 862.00 135,180 974.80 974.40 106,900 638.80 719.90

69 ....................................... 223,930 808.10 847.70 124,460 958.50 958.40 99,470 620.00 709.20

70–74.................................... 961,170 779.60 833.00 516,440 943.10 943.60 444,730 589.60 704.50

70 ....................................... 214,720 794.20 839.00 117,620 947.70 948.00 97,100 608.10 706.90

71 ....................................... 198,360 778.20 830.10 106,450 938.50 938.80 91,910 592.60 704.30

72 ....................................... 194,620 779.50 832.80 102,910 947.90 948.30 91,710 590.50 703.30

73 ....................................... 182,680 777.20 833.00 97,690 944.00 944.90 84,990 585.40 704.40

74 ....................................... 170,790 765.60 829.10 91,770 936.40 937.20 79,020 567.20 703.50

75–79.................................... 725,760 739.30 814.70 362,090 914.70 916.20 363,670 564.60 713.60

75 ....................................... 165,820 769.00 834.30 86,080 945.90 947.30 79,740 578.10 712.30

76 ....................................... 156,900 741.50 814.80 78,810 918.20 919.30 78,090 563.10 709.30

77 ....................................... 142,600 727.50 804.70 70,540 900.70 902.20 72,060 558.10 709.20

78 ....................................... 131,980 723.80 804.90 64,150 898.00 899.40 67,830 559.10 715.50

79 ....................................... 128,460 727.10 810.50 62,510 900.10 902.40 65,950 563.10 723.30

80–84.................................... 477,710 752.30 837.50 215,610 928.40 930.50 262,100 607.40 761.10

80 ....................................... 116,160 712.40 799.90 55,210 883.60 886.10 60,950 557.30 721.80

81 ....................................... 100,130 726.70 813.30 45,290 906.30 907.70 54,840 578.50 735.30

82 ....................................... 97,130 753.00 838.30 43,760 922.10 924.10 53,370 614.30 767.90

83 ....................................... 86,290 770.60 857.20 37,900 953.30 955.90 48,390 627.40 779.90

84 ....................................... 78,000 823.40 902.00 33,450 1,012.40 1,014.00 44,550 681.50 817.90

85–89.................................... 245,490 767.80 857.70 93,680 950.00 953.80 151,810 655.30 798.40

85 ....................................... 69,650 800.50 887.80 28,050 986.90 990.80 41,600 674.80 818.30

86 ....................................... 62,610 775.20 866.30 24,760 957.60 959.90 37,850 655.90 805.10

87 ....................................... 49,110 761.40 857.20 18,010 949.80 952.50 31,100 652.40 802.10

88 ....................................... 35,940 739.50 827.90 12,870 912.00 916.90 23,070 643.30 778.30

89 ....................................... 28,180 717.50 802.80 9,990 876.80 884.40 18,190 630.10 758.10

90 or older............................. 125,800 684.80 767.70 39,950 815.00 822.00 85,850 624.20 742.40
5.B OASDI Current-Pay Benefits: Retired Workers

CONTACT: Joseph Bondar/Rona Blumenthal (410) 965-0162/0163 for further information.

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 197

Table 5.B3.—Number and average monthly benefit before and after delayed retirement credit, by age and sex, 

December 2000

 [Based on 1-percent sample]

Age

Total Men Women

Number

Average monthly benefit

Number

Average monthly benefit

Number

Average monthly benefit

Before

delayed

retirement

credit

After

delayed

retirement

credit

Before

delayed

retirement

credit

After

delayed

retirement

credit

Before

delayed

retirement

credit

After

delayed

retirement

credit

Total............................... 4,910,000 $1,106.30 $1,126.20 2,977,500 $1,212.80 $1,234.90 1,932,500 $942.10 $958.80

66–69.................................... 872,600 1,123.50 1,134.80 567,200 1,238.70 1,251.50 305,400 909.50 917.90

66 ....................................... 181,700 1,134.00 1,138.70 123,800 1,238.40 1,243.60 57,900 910.70 914.30

67 ....................................... 222,900 1,116.10 1,125.30 144,800 1,234.00 1,244.70 78,100 897.30 903.90

68 ....................................... 227,100 1,131.90 1,145.20 146,300 1,249.40 1,264.60 80,800 919.10 928.90

69 ....................................... 240,900 1,114.60 1,130.70 152,300 1,233.20 1,251.80 88,600 910.50 922.50

70–74.................................... 1,291,400 1,094.00 1,113.40 793,300 1,216.80 1,238.40 498,100 898.20 914.10

70 ....................................... 271,100 1,089.00 1,107.60 169,900 1,213.60 1,234.70 101,200 879.90 894.10

71 ....................................... 254,800 1,090.70 1,110.40 155,300 1,214.30 1,236.30 99,500 897.90 913.80

72 ....................................... 257,600 1,091.00 1,110.90 153,800 1,229.70 1,252.20 103,800 885.40 901.40

73 ....................................... 257,300 1,117.20 1,137.30 160,700 1,242.10 1,264.40 96,600 909.40 925.80

74 ....................................... 250,600 1,081.80 1,100.60 153,600 1,183.70 1,203.70 97,000 920.40 937.40

75–79.................................... 1,147,300 1,060.40 1,081.70 703,500 1,156.80 1,180.10 443,800 907.70 925.80

75 ....................................... 230,100 1,095.20 1,116.30 137,100 1,216.60 1,240.20 93,000 916.20 933.50

76 ....................................... 250,400 1,069.20 1,089.90 155,000 1,172.00 1,194.90 95,400 902.00 919.30

77 ....................................... 225,200 1,055.40 1,076.30 139,600 1,143.70 1,166.20 85,600 911.40 929.60

78 ....................................... 220,900 1,050.90 1,073.60 138,000 1,129.40 1,153.90 82,900 920.30 939.90

79 ....................................... 220,700 1,029.00 1,050.20 133,800 1,119.80 1,143.00 86,900 889.20 907.30

80–84.................................... 813,200 1,124.10 1,147.20 488,100 1,214.60 1,239.90 325,100 988.40 1,008.00

80 ....................................... 199,100 1,027.10 1,048.20 121,400 1,099.70 1,122.60 77,700 913.60 931.90

81 ....................................... 175,000 1,080.10 1,102.90 110,500 1,155.70 1,180.60 64,500 950.60 969.70

82 ....................................... 165,500 1,117.30 1,140.50 96,800 1,212.90 1,238.50 68,700 982.60 1,002.30

83 ....................................... 143,400 1,145.50 1,167.50 83,300 1,253.30 1,277.50 60,100 996.00 1,015.10

84 ....................................... 130,200 1,317.00 1,344.20 76,100 1,443.00 1,473.40 54,100 1,139.70 1,162.30

85–89.................................... 501,300 1,227.80 1,254.00 287,800 1,335.30 1,364.90 213,500 1,082.80 1,104.40

85 ....................................... 125,300 1,291.20 1,316.60 73,800 1,404.70 1,433.10 51,500 1,128.50 1,149.70

86 ....................................... 118,500 1,258.30 1,285.80 70,300 1,379.80 1,411.70 48,200 1,081.00 1,102.20

87 ....................................... 95,200 1,219.10 1,244.50 53,900 1,324.90 1,353.00 41,300 1,081.00 1,102.80

88 ....................................... 89,100 1,178.90 1,205.70 49,600 1,267.80 1,297.40 39,500 1,067.20 1,090.50

89 ....................................... 73,200 1,140.70 1,166.20 40,200 1,227.20 1,256.90 33,000 1,035.30 1,055.80

90 or older............................. 284,200 1,028.70 1,052.90 137,600 1,107.10 1,135.80 146,600 955.10 975.10
5.B OASDI Current-Pay Benefits: Retired Workers

CONTACT: Rona Blumenthal/Joseph Bondar (410) 965-0163/0162 for further information.

198 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Table 5.B4.—Number, percent, and average monthly benefit, by year of entitlement as retired worker and sex, 

December 2000 1

[Based on 10-percent sample]

 1 Provisions for Railroad Retirement beneficiaries are described in the section Social Security (Old-Age, Survivors, and Disability Insurance).

Year of 

entitlement

Total Men Women

Number

as of

December

2000

Percentage

distribution

Cumulative

percent 2

 2 Represents those entitled in specified year or later.

Average

monthly

benefit

Number

as of

December

2000

Percentage

distribution

Cumulative

percent 2

Average

monthly

benefit

Number

as of

December

2000

Percentage

distribution

Cumulative

percent 2

Average

monthly

benefit

Total ........ 28,505,990 100.0 . . . $844.60 14,771,930 100.0 . . . $951.50 13,734,060 100.0 . . . $729.60

1995–2000....... 9,328,030 32.7 . . . 844.50 5,114,610 34.6 . . . 981.20 4,213,420 30.7 . . . 678.60

1990–1994....... 6,658,750 23.4 . . . 838.70 3,700,620 25.1 . . . 952.40 2,958,130 21.5 . . . 696.40

1985–1989....... 5,506,650 19.3 . . . 826.80 2,905,150 19.7 . . . 916.50 2,601,500 18.9 . . . 726.80

1980–1984....... 3,828,830 13.4 . . . 863.50 1,847,900 12.5 . . . 930.90 1,980,930 14.4 . . . 800.50

1975–1979....... 2,085,010 7.3 . . . 896.70 863,890 5.8 . . . 973.80 1,221,120 8.9 . . . 842.20

1970–1974....... 866,480 3.0 . . . 819.20 284,570 1.9 . . . 860.20 581,910 4.2 . . . 799.20

1965–1969....... 202,190 .7 . . . 764.80 50,060 .3 . . . 802.80 152,130 1.1 . . . 752.30

Before 1965 ..... 30,050 .1 . . . 673.70 5,130 3(3)

 3 Less than 0.05 percent.

. . . 684.50 24,920 .2 . . . 671.50

2000................. 1,769,440 6.2 6.2 880.10 995,880 6.7 6.7 1,033.30 773,560 5.6 5.6 682.70

1999................. 1,630,560 5.7 11.9 849.80 903,590 6.1 12.9 991.90 726,970 5.3 10.9 673.20

1998................. 1,514,990 5.3 17.2 832.50 827,570 5.6 18.5 967.80 687,420 5.0 15.9 669.70

1997................. 1,496,730 5.3 22.5 830.70 809,340 5.5 23.9 963.70 687,390 5.0 20.9 674.20

1996................. 1,509,080 5.3 27.8 831.20 793,340 5.4 29.3 957.90 715,740 5.2 26.1 690.60

1995................. 1,407,230 4.9 32.7 835.50 784,890 5.3 34.6 958.40 622,340 4.5 30.7 680.50

1994................. 1,386,860 4.9 37.6 837.50 770,850 5.2 39.8 957.90 616,010 4.5 35.2 686.90

1993................. 1,366,810 4.8 42.4 836.50 766,400 5.2 45.0 951.60 600,410 4.4 39.5 689.60

1992................. 1,360,400 4.8 47.2 838.70 760,570 5.1 50.2 952.60 599,830 4.4 43.9 694.30

1991................. 1,289,180 4.5 51.7 839.80 716,800 4.9 55.0 949.80 572,380 4.2 48.1 702.10

1990................. 1,255,500 4.4 56.1 841.00 686,000 4.6 59.7 949.40 569,500 4.1 52.2 710.40

1989................. 1,196,460 4.2 60.3 833.20 644,190 4.4 64.0 936.20 552,270 4.0 56.2 713.10

1988................. 1,144,910 4.0 64.3 825.80 607,370 4.1 68.1 921.60 537,540 3.9 60.2 717.50

1987................. 1,103,460 3.9 68.2 829.00 581,480 3.9 72.1 920.00 521,980 3.8 64.0 727.70

1986................. 1,074,380 3.8 71.9 824.30 562,530 3.8 75.9 907.00 511,850 3.7 67.7 733.40

1985................. 987,440 3.5 75.4 820.80 509,580 3.4 79.3 891.80 477,860 3.5 71.2 745.10

1984................. 895,760 3.1 78.5 820.10 449,390 3.0 82.4 884.80 446,370 3.3 74.4 755.00

1983................. 853,550 3.0 81.5 839.20 419,920 2.8 85.2 900.70 433,630 3.2 77.6 779.60

1982................. 767,210 2.7 84.2 857.90 371,370 2.5 87.7 921.40 395,840 2.9 80.4 798.40

1981................. 686,800 2.4 86.6 905.30 324,900 2.2 89.9 980.20 361,900 2.6 83.1 838.10

1980................. 625,510 2.2 88.8 919.40 282,320 1.9 91.9 1,004.90 343,190 2.5 85.6 849.10

1979................. 551,530 1.9 90.8 927.70 239,470 1.6 93.5 1,018.50 312,060 2.3 87.9 858.00

1978................. 468,790 1.6 92.4 911.40 196,070 1.3 94.8 995.20 272,720 2.0 89.8 851.20

1977................. 381,000 1.3 93.7 896.50 160,140 1.1 95.9 976.20 220,860 1.6 91.4 838.80

1976................. 369,930 1.3 95.0 870.60 147,070 1.0 96.9 930.00 222,860 1.6 93.1 831.50

1975................. 313,760 1.1 96.1 851.40 121,140 .8 97.7 900.60 192,620 1.4 94.5 820.40

1974................. 260,270 .9 97.1 832.40 93,220 .6 98.3 877.40 167,050 1.2 95.7 807.30

1973................. 214,570 .8 97.8 823.30 71,720 .5 98.8 859.70 142,850 1.0 96.7 805.00

1972................. 165,970 .6 98.4 813.30 52,580 .4 99.2 853.70 113,390 .8 97.6 794.60

1971................. 128,670 .5 98.8 811.00 39,220 .3 99.4 849.90 89,450 .7 98.2 793.90

1970................. 97,000 .3 99.2 796.00 27,830 .2 99.6 830.30 69,170 .5 98.7 782.30

1969................. 70,740 .2 99.4 782.70 18,700 .1 99.8 822.60 52,040 .4 99.1 768.40

1968................. 51,070 .2 99.6 773.10 12,830 .1 99.8 806.50 38,240 .3 99.4 762.00

1967................. 36,800 .1 99.7 754.30 8,660 .1 99.9 775.30 28,140 .2 99.6 747.90

1966................. 25,260 .1 99.8 733.40 5,940 (3) 99.9 762.10 19,320 .1 99.7 724.60

1965................. 18,320 .1 100.0 736.90 3,930 (3) 100.0 818.50 14,390 .1 100.0 714.60
 5.B OASDI Current-Pay Benefits: Retired Workers

CONTACT: Rona Blumenthal/Joseph Bondar (410) 965-0163/0162 for further information.

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 199

Table 5.B5.—Number, average age, and percentage distribution, by age and sex, 1940–20001

1 Provisions for Railroad Retirement beneficiaries are described in the section Social Security (Old-Age, Survivors, and Disability Insurance). 

December

Total number

(in thousands) Average age

Percentage distribution, by age

Total 62–64 65–69 70–74 75–79 80–84 85 or older

Men

1940......................................... 99 68.8 100.0 . . . 74.4 17.4 6.4 1.6 0.2

1945......................................... 447 71.7 100.0 . . . 39.9 40.2 15.1 4.0 .7

1950......................................... 1,469 72.2 100.0 . . . 39.1 33.7 20.2 5.9 1.2

1955......................................... 3,252 72.7 100.0 . . . 35.7 34.8 20.0 7.6 1.9

1960......................................... 5,217 73.2 100.0 . . . 33.8 33.1 21.1 9.0 3.1

1965......................................... 6,825 72.9 100.0 6.9 29.7 29.5 19.9 9.9 4.1

1970......................................... 7,688 72.6 100.0 7.5 30.1 26.9 19.6 10.6 5.3

1975......................................... 9,163 72.3 100.0 9.3 32.2 25.6 17.1 10.1 5.7

1980......................................... 10,461 72.2 100.0 9.5 32.1 25.8 16.9 9.5 6.1

1981......................................... 10,767 72.2 100.0 9.9 31.8 25.7 17.1 9.3 6.2

1982......................................... 11,030 72.2 100.0 10.3 31.3 25.6 17.1 9.4 6.2

1983......................................... 11,358 72.2 100.0 10.6 31.0 25.8 17.0 9.4 6.1

1984......................................... 11,573 72.2 100.0 10.8 30.3 25.9 17.3 9.6 6.1

1985......................................... 11,817 72.3 100.0 10.9 30.2 25.9 17.3 9.6 6.1

1986......................................... 12,080 72.4 100.0 10.9 30.3 25.7 17.3 9.7 6.1

1987......................................... 12,295 72.4 100.0 10.9 30.2 25.5 17.4 9.9 6.1

1988 2 ......................................

2 Based on 10-percent sample.

12,483 72.4 100.0 10.7 30.0 25.5 17.6 10.0 6.2

1989......................................... 12,718 72.5 100.0 10.5 30.1 25.2 17.8 10.1 6.3

1990 2 ...................................... 12,985 72.5 100.0 10.3 30.0 25.3 17.8 10.2 6.4

1991 2 ...................................... 13,227 72.6 100.0 10.2 29.5 25.7 17.9 10.3 6.4

1992 2 ...................................... 13,474 72.7 100.0 10.0 29.2 25.8 17.8 10.5 6.6

1993 2 ...................................... 13,649 72.8 100.0 9.9 28.9 25.9 17.9 10.7 6.8

1994 2 ...................................... 13,795 72.8 100.0 9.8 28.3 26.2 17.9 10.9 6.9

1995 2 ...................................... 13,915 72.9 100.0 9.5 28.0 26.1 18.3 11.1 7.0

1996 2 ...................................... 14,012 73.1 100.0 9.2 27.6 25.8 18.9 11.3 7.2

1997 2 ...................................... 14,126 73.2 100.0 9.0 27.2 25.8 19.2 11.4 7.4

1998 2 ...................................... 14,206 73.3 100.0 9.0 26.6 25.6 19.5 11.6 7.6

1999 2 ...................................... 14,329 73.3 100.0 9.1 26.4 25.2 19.8 11.7 7.8

2000 2. ..................................... 14,772 73.2 100.0 9.0 27.6 24.6 19.3 11.7 7.8

Women

1940......................................... 13 68.1 100.0 . . . 82.6 12.8 3.9 0.6 3(3)

3 Less than 0.05 percent.

1945......................................... 71 70.8 100.0 . . . 47.1 40.0 10.2 2.3 0.3

1950......................................... 302 71.1 100.0 . . . 48.4 32.9 15.0 3.2 .5

1955......................................... 1,222 71.3 100.0 . . . 47.8 32.3 14.6 4.4 .8

1960......................................... 2,845 71.0 100.0 12.6 36.3 29.0 15.0 5.6 1.6

1965......................................... 4,276 71.8 100.0 12.2 31.6 28.1 17.6 7.7 2.8

1970......................................... 5,661 72.0 100.0 11.5 30.1 25.4 18.7 10.0 4.4

1975......................................... 7,424 72.2 100.0 11.8 30.4 24.2 16.9 10.6 6.1

1980......................................... 9,101 72.6 100.0 11.2 29.2 24.2 17.1 10.6 7.7

1981......................................... 9,428 72.7 100.0 11.1 28.9 24.0 17.4 10.6 8.0

1982......................................... 9,733 72.8 100.0 11.2 28.3 24.0 17.5 10.8 8.2

1983........................................ 10,060 72.9 100.0 11.1 28.0 23.9 17.6 11.0 8.4

1984......................................... 10,334 73.1 100.0 11.1 27.2 24.0 17.8 11.3 8.6

1985......................................... 10,615 73.3 100.0 11.0 26.9 23.9 17.9 11.4 8.8

1986........................................ 10,901 73.3 100.0 10.8 26.7 23.8 18.0 11.7 9.0

1987......................................... 11,145 73.4 100.0 10.7 26.4 23.6 18.1 11.9 9.3

1988 2 ...................................... 11,944 73.5 100.0 10.5 26.0 23.6 18.2 12.2 9.5

1989......................................... 11,608 73.6 100.0 10.2 26.1 23.1 18.4 12.4 9.8

1990 2 ...................................... 11,842 73.7 100.0 9.9 25.9 23.0 18.5 12.5 10.2

1991 2 ...................................... 12,048 73.9 100.0 9.5 25.4 23.2 18.6 12.7 10.5

1992 2 ...................................... 12,272 74.0 100.0 9.3 25.2 23.1 18.5 12.9 10.9

1993 2 ...................................... 12,447 74.1 100.0 9.0 24.9 23.0 18.6 13.1 11.3

1994 2 ...................................... 12,607 74.2 100.0 9.0 24.3 23.2 18.4 13.4 11.6

1995 2 ...................................... 12,757 74.3 100.0 8.8 24.0 23.2 18.5 13.5 11.9

1996 2 ...................................... 12,887 74.4 100.0 8.7 23.6 22.9 18.8 13.7 12.2

1997 2 ...................................... 13,155 74.5 100.0 8.6 23.2 23.0 19.0 13.8 12.5

1998 2 ...................................... 13,304 74.6 100.0 8.7 22.8 22.8 19.0 13.9 12.8

1999 2 ...................................... 13,453 74.6 100.0 8.8 22.8 22.3 19.3 13.8 13.0

2000 2 ...................................... 13,734 74.6 100.0 8.9 23.4 21.9 19.1 13.8 13.0
5.B OASDI Current-Pay Benefits: Retired Workers 

CONTACT: Rona Blumenthal/Joseph Bondar (410) 965-0163/0162 for further information.

200 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Table 5.B6.—Number and percentage distribution with and without reduction for early retirement, by monthly benefit and 

sex, December 20001

 [Based on 10-percent sample]

1 Provisions for Railroad Retirement beneficiaries are described in the section Social Security (Old-Age, Survivors, and Disability Insurance).

Monthly benefit 

and sex

Total

Without reduction

 for early retirement

With reduction

for early retirement

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent

Total ............................................. 28,505,990 100.0 8,186,360 100.0 20,319,630 100.0

Less than $400.00 .................................. 2,357,730 8.3 418,770 5.1 1,938,960 9.5

$400.00–$449.90.................................... 1,058,680 3.7 130,150 1.6 928,530 4.6

$450.00–$499.90.................................... 1,480,780 5.2 232,270 2.8 1,248,510 6.1

$500.00–$549.90.................................... 1,570,570 5.5 273,300 3.3 1,297,270 6.4

$550.00–$599.90.................................... 1,363,210 4.8 300,580 3.7 1,062,630 5.2

$600.00–$649.90.................................... 1,278,600 4.5 330,220 4.0 948,380 4.7

$650.00–$699.90.................................... 1,206,380 4.2 310,850 3.8 895,530 4.4

$700.00–$749.90.................................... 1,224,500 4.3 306,920 3.7 917,580 4.5

$750.00–$799.90.................................... 1,273,520 4.5 298,120 3.6 975,400 4.8

$800.00–$849.90.................................... 1,383,910 4.9 313,560 3.8 1,070,350 5.3

$850.00–$899.90.................................... 1,533,810 5.4 336,970 4.1 1,196,840 5.9

$900.00–$949.90.................................... 1,626,180 5.7 334,870 4.1 1,291,310 6.4

$950.00–$999.90.................................... 1,657,380 5.8 353,180 4.3 1,304,200 6.4

$1,000.00–$1,049.90.............................. 1,776,980 6.2 357,170 4.4 1,419,810 7.0

$1,050.00–$1,099.90.............................. 1,457,620 5.1 356,000 4.3 1,101,620 5.4

$1,100.00–$1,149.90.............................. 1,209,500 4.2 367,660 4.5 841,840 4.1

$1,150.00–$1,199.90.............................. 1,006,740 3.5 395,780 4.8 610,960 3.0

$1,200.00–$1,249.90.............................. 888,430 3.1 422,470 5.2 465,960 2.3

$1,250.00–$1,299.90.............................. 785,550 2.8 455,940 5.6 329,610 1.6

$1,300.00 or more................................... 2,365,920 8.3 1,891,580 23.1 474,340 2.3

Average benefit, total............................ $844.60 $1,008.60 $778.50 

Men.............................................. 14,771,930 100.0 4,697,670 100.0 10,074,260 100.0

Less than $400.00 .................................. 932,830 6.3 189,250 4.0 743,580 7.4

$400.00–$449.90.................................... 284,680 1.9 46,830 1.0 237,850 2.4

$450.00–$499.90.................................... 335,840 2.3 80,150 1.7 255,690 2.5

$500.00–$549.90.................................... 353,180 2.4 85,670 1.8 267,510 2.7

$550.00–$599.90.................................... 379,360 2.6 87,510 1.9 291,850 2.9

$600.00–$649.90.................................... 413,290 2.8 94,510 2.0 318,780 3.2

$650.00–$699.90.................................... 453,080 3.1 95,720 2.0 357,360 3.5

$700.00–$749.90.................................... 515,130 3.5 103,690 2.2 411,440 4.1

$750.00–$799.90.................................... 595,610 4.0 111,120 2.4 484,490 4.8

$800.00–$849.90.................................... 702,260 4.8 126,830 2.7 575,430 5.7

$850.00–$899.90.................................... 848,350 5.7 144,510 3.1 703,840 7.0

$900.00–$949.90.................................... 978,620 6.6 153,380 3.3 825,240 8.2

$950.00–$999.90.................................... 1,068,170 7.2 178,740 3.8 889,430 8.8

$1,000.00–$1,049.90.............................. 1,244,070 8.4 197,510 4.2 1,046,560 10.4

$1,050.00–$1,099.90.............................. 1,037,330 7.0 214,900 4.6 822,430 8.2

$1,100.00–$1,149.90.............................. 869,490 5.9 246,630 5.3 622,860 6.2

$1,150.00–$1,199.90.............................. 726,840 4.9 287,910 6.1 438,930 4.4

$1,200.00–$1,249.90.............................. 652,480 4.4 322,080 6.9 330,400 3.3

$1,250.00–$1,299.90.............................. 581,460 3.9 360,810 7.7 220,650 2.2

$1,300.00 or more................................... 1,799,860 12.2 1,569,920 33.4 229,940 2.3

Average benefit, men............................ $951.50 $1,131.30 $867.60 

Women ........................................ 13,734,060 100.0 3,488,690 100.0 10,245,370 100.0

Less than $400.00 .................................. 1,424,900 10.4 229,520 6.6 1,195,380 11.7

$400.00–$449.90.................................... 774,000 5.6 83,320 2.4 690,680 6.7

$450.00–$499.90.................................... 1,144,940 8.3 152,120 4.4 992,820 9.7

$500.00–$549.90.................................... 1,217,390 8.9 187,630 5.4 1,029,760 10.1

$550.00–$599.90.................................... 983,850 7.2 213,070 6.1 770,780 7.5

$600.00–$649.90.................................... 865,310 6.3 235,710 6.8 629,600 6.1

$650.00–$699.90.................................... 753,300 5.5 215,130 6.2 538,170 5.3

$700.00–$749.90.................................... 709,370 5.2 203,230 5.8 506,140 4.9

$750.00–$799.90.................................... 677,910 4.9 187,000 5.4 490,910 4.8

$800.00–$849.90.................................... 681,650 5.0 186,730 5.4 494,920 4.8

$850.00–$899.90.................................... 685,460 5.0 192,460 5.5 493,000 4.8

$900.00–$949.90.................................... 647,560 4.7 181,490 5.2 466,070 4.5

$950.00–$999.90.................................... 589,210 4.3 174,440 5.0 414,770 4.0

$1,000.00–$1,049.90.............................. 532,910 3.9 159,660 4.6 373,250 3.6

$1,050.00–$1,099.90.............................. 420,290 3.1 141,100 4.0 279,190 2.7

$1,100.00–$1,149.90.............................. 340,010 2.5 121,030 3.5 218,980 2.1

$1,150.00–$1,199.90.............................. 279,900 2.0 107,870 3.1 172,030 1.7

$1,200.00–$1,249.90.............................. 235,950 1.7 100,390 2.9 135,560 1.3

$1,250.00–$1,299.90.............................. 204,090 1.5 95,130 2.7 108,960 1.1

$1,300.00 or more................................... 566,060 4.1 321,660 9.2 244,400 2.4

Average benefit, women....................... $729.60 $843.50 $690.80 
5.B OASDI Current-Pay Benefits: Retired Workers

CONTACT: Rona Blumenthal/Joseph Bondar (410) 965-0163/0162 for further information.

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 201

Table 5.B7.—Number and percentage distribution with and without reduction for early retirement, by primary insurance 

amount and sex, December 20001

 [Based on 10-percent sample]

1 Provisions for Railroad Retirement beneficiaries are described in the section Social Security (Old-Age, Survivors, and Disability Insurance).

Primary insurance

 amount and sex

Total

Without reduction

 for early retirement

With reduction

for early retirement

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent

Total ............................................................ 28,505,990 100.0 8,186,360 100.0 20,319,630 100.0

Less than $400.00 ................................................. 3,593,350 12.6 718,650 8.8 2,874,700 14.1

$400.00–$449.90................................................... 914,800 3.2 194,020 2.4 720,780 3.5

$450.00–$499.90................................................... 1,408,900 4.9 317,960 3.9 1,090,940 5.4

$500.00–$549.90................................................... 1,322,630 4.6 299,590 3.7 1,023,040 5.0

$550.00–$599.90................................................... 1,217,530 4.3 292,740 3.6 924,790 4.6

$600.00–$649.90................................................... 1,285,820 4.5 311,610 3.8 974,210 4.8

$650.00–$699.90................................................... 1,148,970 4.0 290,570 3.5 858,400 4.2

$700.00–$749.90................................................... 1,120,780 3.9 299,560 3.7 821,220 4.0

$750.00–$799.90................................................... 1,078,100 3.8 301,590 3.7 776,510 3.8

$800.00–$849.90................................................... 1,055,230 3.7 305,480 3.7 749,750 3.7

$850.00–$899.90................................................... 1,075,550 3.8 320,130 3.9 755,420 3.7

$900.00–$949.90................................................... 1,045,090 3.7 306,980 3.7 738,110 3.6

$950.00–$999.90................................................... 1,090,930 3.8 328,550 4.0 762,380 3.8

$1,000.00–$1,049.90............................................. 1,115,940 3.9 333,560 4.1 782,380 3.9

$1,050.00–$1,099.90............................................. 1,171,480 4.1 335,820 4.1 835,660 4.1

$1,100.00–$1,149.90............................................. 1,313,320 4.6 367,740 4.5 945,580 4.7

$1,150.00–$1,199.90............................................. 1,325,490 4.6 414,460 5.1 911,030 4.5

$1,200.00–$1,249.90............................................. 1,430,200 5.0 466,730 5.7 963,470 4.7

$1,250.00–$1,299.90............................................. 1,531,390 5.4 492,460 6.0 1,038,930 5.1

$1,300.00 or more.................................................. 3,260,490 11.4 1,488,160 18.2 1,772,330 8.7

Average primary insurance amount, total ......... $851.20 $939.60 $815.50 

Men............................................................. 14,771,930 100.0 4,697,670 100.0 10,074,260 100.0

Less than $400.00 ................................................. 712,940 4.8 200,270 4.3 512,670 5.1

$400.00–$449.90................................................... 184,320 1.2 51,640 1.1 132,680 1.3

$450.00–$499.90................................................... 291,940 2.0 86,750 1.8 205,190 2.0

$500.00–$549.90................................................... 296,550 2.0 87,100 1.9 209,450 2.1

$550.00–$599.90................................................... 298,320 2.0 88,400 1.9 209,920 2.1

$600.00–$649.90................................................... 333,240 2.3 97,030 2.1 236,210 2.3

$650.00–$699.90................................................... 335,730 2.3 96,170 2.0 239,560 2.4

$700.00–$749.90................................................... 370,010 2.5 106,020 2.3 263,990 2.6

$750.00–$799.90................................................... 397,790 2.7 113,290 2.4 284,500 2.8

$800.00–$849.90................................................... 447,330 3.0 129,630 2.8 317,700 3.2

$850.00–$899.90................................................... 514,100 3.5 147,440 3.1 366,660 3.6

$900.00–$949.90................................................... 566,280 3.8 155,530 3.3 410,750 4.1

$950.00–$999.90................................................... 661,780 4.5 186,440 4.0 475,340 4.7

$1,000.00–$1,049.90............................................. 748,320 5.1 207,780 4.4 540,540 5.4

$1,050.00–$1,099.90............................................. 867,030 5.9 227,440 4.8 639,590 6.3

$1,100.00–$1,149.90............................................. 1,060,130 7.2 271,920 5.8 788,210 7.8

$1,150.00–$1,199.90............................................. 1,118,120 7.6 328,810 7.0 789,310 7.8

$1,200.00–$1,249.90............................................. 1,239,450 8.4 382,610 8.1 856,840 8.5

$1,250.00–$1,299.90............................................. 1,362,880 9.2 415,020 8.8 947,860 9.4

$1,300.00 or more.................................................. 2,965,670 20.1 1,318,380 28.1 1,647,290 16.4

Average primary insurance amount, men ......... $1,041.80 $1,089.80 $1,019.50 

Women ....................................................... 13,734,060 100.0 3,488,690 100.0 10,245,370 100.0

Less than $400.00 ................................................. 2,880,410 21.0 518,380 14.9 2,362,030 23.1

$400.00–$449.90................................................... 730,480 5.3 142,380 4.1 588,100 5.7

$450.00–$499.90................................................... 1,116,960 8.1 231,210 6.6 885,750 8.6

$500.00–$549.90................................................... 1,026,080 7.5 212,490 6.1 813,590 7.9

$550.00–$599.90................................................... 919,210 6.7 204,340 5.9 714,870 7.0

$600.00–$649.90................................................... 952,580 6.9 214,580 6.2 738,000 7.2

$650.00–$699.90................................................... 813,240 5.9 194,400 5.6 618,840 6.0

$700.00–$749.90................................................... 750,770 5.5 193,540 5.5 557,230 5.4

$750.00–$799.90................................................... 680,310 5.0 188,300 5.4 492,010 4.8

$800.00–$849.90................................................... 607,900 4.4 175,850 5.0 432,050 4.2

$850.00–$899.90................................................... 561,450 4.1 172,690 4.9 388,760 3.8

$900.00–$949.90................................................... 478,810 3.5 151,450 4.3 327,360 3.2

$950.00–$999.90................................................... 429,150 3.1 142,110 4.1 287,040 2.8

$1,000.00–$1,049.90............................................. 367,620 2.7 125,780 3.6 241,840 2.4

$1,050.00–$1,099.90............................................. 304,450 2.2 108,380 3.1 196,070 1.9

$1,100.00–$1,149.90............................................. 253,190 1.8 95,820 2.7 157,370 1.5

$1,150.00–$1,199.90............................................. 207,370 1.5 85,650 2.5 121,720 1.2

$1,200.00–$1,249.90............................................. 190,750 1.4 84,120 2.4 106,630 1.0

$1,250.00–$1,299.90............................................. 168,510 1.2 77,440 2.2 91,070 0.9

$1,300.00 or more.................................................. 294,820 2.1 169,780 4.9 125,040 1.2

Average primary insurance amount, women .... $646.10 $737.40 $615.00 
5.B OASDI Current-Pay Benefits: Retired Workers 

CONTACT: Rona Blumenthal/Joseph Bondar (410) 965-0163/0162 for further information.

202 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

-

Table 5.B8.—Number and average monthly benefit with and without reduction for early retirement, by sex, 1956–20001

1 Provisions for Railroad Retirement beneficiaries are described in the section Social Security (Old-Age, Survivors, and Disability Insurance).

December

Retired workers Average monthly benefit

Total

Without reduction

for early retirement

With reduction for early retirement

Total

Without reduction

for early retirement

With reduction

Number Percent for early retirement

Total

1956.............................................. 5,112,430 4,997,401 115,029 2.2 $63.10 $63.40 $48.20

1960.............................................. 8,061,469 7,112,265 949,204 11.8 74.00 76.50 55.80

1965.............................................. 11,100,584 7,581,386 3,519,198 31.7 83.90 90.10 70.60

1970.............................................. 13,349,175 7,282,295 6,066,880 45.4 118.10 130.20 103.60

1980.............................................. 19,562,085 7,397,198 12,164,887 62.2 341.40 391.80 310.70

1985.............................................. 22,431,930 7,720,959 14,710,971 65.6 478.60 581.20 424.80

1990.............................................. 24,838,100 7,840,239 16,997,861 68.4 602.60 742.80 537.90

1991.............................................. 25,288,719 7,928,127 17,360,592 68.6 629.30 776.50 562.10

1992.............................................. 25,757,727 8,020,443 17,737,284 68.9 652.60 805.40 583.60

1993.............................................. 26,104,305 8,068,985 18,035,320 69.1 674.10 831.80 603.50

1994.............................................. 26,407,756 8,109,975 18,297,781 69.3 697.30 859.70 625.40

1995.............................................. 26,672,806 7,941,363 18,731,443 70.2 719.80 885.60 649.50

1996.............................................. 26,898,072 7,784,078 19,113,994 71.1 745.00 908.70 678.30

1997.............................................. 27,274,572 7,673,286 19,601,286 71.9 765.00 915.90 705.90

1998.............................................. 27,510,535 7,699,664 19,810,871 72.0 779.70 932.50 720.30

1999.............................................. 27,774,677 7,739,557 20,035,120 72.1 804.30 959.20 744.40

2000.............................................. 28,498,945 8,179,425 20,319,520 71.3 844.50 1,008.40 778.50

Men

1956.............................................. 3,572,271 3,572,271 . . . . . . $68.20 $68.20 . . .

1960.............................................. 5,216,668 5,216,668 . . . . . . 81.90 81.90 . . .

1965.............................................. 6,825,078 5,389,166 1,435,912 21.0 92.60 96.10 $79.40

1970.............................................. 7,688,460 4,930,400 2,758,060 35.9 130.50 139.10 115.30

1980.............................................. 10,460,735 4,586,539 5,874,196 54.8 380.20 419.60 349.50

1985.............................................. 11,816,956 4,655,477 7,161,479 60.6 538.40 627.50 480.50

1990.............................................. 12,983,832 4,592,911 8,390,921 64.6 679.30 803.60 611.20

1991.............................................. 13,222,776 4,621,584 8,601,192 65.0 709.30 840.50 638.90

1992.............................................. 13,470,502 4,649,446 8,821,056 65.5 735.50 872.50 663.30

1993.............................................. 13,645,386 4,645,649 8,999,737 66.0 759.30 901.70 685.80

1994.............................................. 13,790,997 4,639,089 9,151,908 66.4 785.20 932.80 710.50

1995.............................................. 13,913,531 4,559,535 9,353,996 67.2 810.20 963.70 735.40

1996.............................................. 14,010,875 4,478,565 9,532,310 68.0 838.10 997.80 763.10

1997.............................................. 14,116,818 4,371,503 9,745,315 69.0 860.50 1,025.10 786.60

1998.............................................. 14,200,826 4,371,895 9,828,931 69.2 876.90 1,044.50 802.40

1999.............................................. 14,321,468 4,385,921 9,935,547 69.4 904.60 1,075.30 829.30

2000.............................................. 14,767,170 4,690,652 10,076,518 68.2 951.10 1,131.10 867.20

Women

1956.............................................. 1,540,159 1,425,130 115,029 7.5 $51.20 $51.40 $48.20

1960.............................................. 2,844,801 1,895,597 949,204 33.4 59.70 61.60 55.80

1965.............................................. 4,275,506 2,192,220 2,083,286 48.7 70.10 75.40 64.50

1970.............................................. 5,660,715 2,351,895 3,308,820 58.5 101.20 111.70 93.80

1980.............................................. 9,101,350 2,810,659 6,290,691 69.1 296.80 346.50 274.60

1985.............................................. 10,614,974 3,065,482 7,549,492 71.1 412.10 511.00 372.00

1990.............................................. 11,854,268 3,247,328 8,606,940 72.6 518.60 656.80 466.40

1991.............................................. 12,065,943 3,306,543 8,759,400 72.6 541.60 687.00 486.80

1992.............................................. 12,287,225 3,370,997 8,916,228 72.6 561.80 712.90 504.70

1993.............................................. 12,458,919 3,423,336 9,035,583 72.5 580.70 736.90 521.50

1994.............................................. 12,616,759 3,470,886 9,145,873 72.5 601.30 762.10 540.20

1995.............................................. 12,759,275 3,381,828 9,377,447 73.5 621.20 780.40 563.80

1996.............................................. 12,887,197 3,305,513 9,581,684 74.4 643.70 788.00 593.90

1997.............................................. 13,157,754 3,301,783 9,855,971 74.9 662.50 771.30 626.10

1998.............................................. 13,309,709 3,327,769 9,981,940 75.0 675.90 785.40 639.50

1999.............................................. 13,453,209 3,353,636 10,099,573 75.1 697.50 807.50 661.00

2000.............................................. 13,731,775 3,488,773 10,243,002 74.6 729.90 843.40 691.20
5.B OASDI Current-Pay Benefits: Retired Workers

CONTACT: Rona Blumenthal/Joseph Bondar (410) 965-0163/0162 for further information.

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 203

Table 5.B9.—Number and percentage distribution, by monthly benefit, age, and sex, December 2000

[Based on 10-percent sample]

Monthly benefit Total

Age attained during 2000

62–64 65–69 70–74 75–79 80–84 85–89 90 or older

Total

Total number (in thousands)......... 28,506 2,553 7,285 6,636 5,473 3,623 1,985 951

Total percent................................. 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Less than $400.00 ................................. 8.3 10.9 8.7 8.2 8.1 7.5 6.7 7.9

$400.00–$449.90 ................................... 3.7 5.0 3.5 3.8 4.1 3.0 2.6 2.8

$450.00–$499.90 ................................... 5.2 6.3 5.4 5.9 5.3 4.0 3.3 3.7

$500.00–$549.90 ................................... 5.5 8.4 6.6 5.6 4.7 4.1 3.4 4.0

$550.00–$599.90 ................................... 4.8 7.0 5.2 4.8 4.4 3.9 3.5 4.0

$600.00–$649.90 ................................... 4.5 5.1 4.9 4.6 4.3 3.8 3.8 4.4

$650.00–$699.90 ................................... 4.2 4.3 4.5 4.3 4.1 3.9 3.9 4.7

$700.00–$749.90 ................................... 4.3 3.9 4.4 4.2 4.2 4.2 4.7 5.9

$750.00–$799.90 ................................... 4.5 3.9 4.0 4.1 4.5 4.9 5.8 7.6

$800.00–$849.90 ................................... 4.9 3.8 4.1 4.4 5.0 5.8 6.5 8.5

$850.00–$899.90 ................................... 5.4 3.7 4.2 4.7 6.0 7.6 6.9 8.6

$900.00–$949.90 ................................... 5.7 3.7 4.3 5.2 8.1 6.7 6.2 7.1

$950.00–$999.90 ................................... 5.8 3.7 4.6 6.6 7.2 6.0 5.8 6.8

$1,000.00–$1,049.90 ............................. 6.2 4.1 6.6 7.9 5.7 5.5 5.2 5.6

$1,050.00–$1,099.90 ............................. 5.1 5.4 6.5 5.0 4.1 4.6 4.1 4.1

$1,100.00–$1,149.90 ............................. 4.2 7.0 4.6 3.5 4.0 4.3 3.4 2.5

$1,150.00–$1,199.90 ............................. 3.5 6.2 3.0 3.1 3.8 4.0 3.0 1.7

$1,200.00–$1,249.90 ............................. 3.1 4.1 2.8 3.2 3.2 3.4 2.9 1.4

$1,250.00–$1,299.90 ............................. 2.8 2.4 2.9 2.8 2.5 3.1 3.5 1.3

$1,300.00 or more.................................. 8.3 1.2 9.2 8.5 7.1 9.8 14.8 7.3

Average benefit .................................... $844.60 $766.10 $836.20 $842.20 $839.70 $884.00 $927.70 $841.20

Men

Total number (in thousands)......... 14,772 1,330 4,076 3,631 2,855 1,734 828 318

Total percent................................. 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Less than $400.00 ................................. 6.3 7.6 6.4 6.0 6.2 6.5 5.9 6.8

$400.00–$449.90 ................................... 1.9 2.4 1.7 1.9 2.0 1.9 1.9 2.5

$450.00–$499.90 ................................... 2.3 2.4 2.1 2.3 2.4 2.2 2.3 3.0

$500.00–$549.90 ................................... 2.4 2.5 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.3 2.2 3.1

$550.00–$599.90 ................................... 2.6 2.7 2.5 2.6 2.6 2.4 2.4 3.2

$600.00–$649.90 ................................... 2.8 2.9 2.7 2.8 2.9 2.7 2.8 3.3

$650.00–$699.90 ................................... 3.1 3.2 3.0 3.0 3.1 3.1 2.9 3.7

$700.00–$749.90 ................................... 3.5 3.5 3.3 3.5 3.6 3.5 3.6 4.6

$750.00–$799.90 ................................... 4.0 3.8 3.7 3.9 4.1 4.3 5.0 7.0

$800.00–$849.90 ................................... 4.8 4.1 4.1 4.4 5.1 5.8 5.7 7.4

$850.00–$899.90 ................................... 5.7 4.4 4.6 5.1 6.7 9.0 6.1 7.0

$900.00–$949.90 ................................... 6.6 4.7 5.0 6.0 10.4 7.5 5.7 7.0

$950.00–$999.90 ................................... 7.2 5.1 5.7 8.7 9.4 6.5 5.4 8.0

$1,000.00–$1,049.90 ............................. 8.4 6.0 9.3 11.3 7.1 6.2 5.0 7.2

$1,050.00–$1,099.90 ............................. 7.0 8.5 9.7 6.8 4.9 5.3 4.1 5.5

$1,100.00–$1,149.90 ............................. 5.9 11.7 6.8 4.5 4.9 5.3 3.9 3.5

$1,150.00–$1,199.90 ............................. 4.9 10.8 4.2 4.0 4.9 5.2 3.6 2.1

$1,200.00–$1,249.90 ............................. 4.4 7.4 3.9 4.4 4.3 4.3 3.8 1.9

$1,250.00–$1,299.90 ............................. 3.9 4.4 4.3 3.9 3.3 3.8 4.9 1.7

$1,300.00 or more.................................. 12.2 2.0 14.6 12.7 9.7 12.3 22.8 11.4

Average benefit .................................... $951.50 $913.70 $964.40 $955.30 $927.00 $953.40 $1,025.80 $916.60

Women

Total number (in thousands)......... 13,734 1,223 3,209 3,005 2,618 1,889 1,157 633

Total percent................................. 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Less than $400.00 ................................. 10.5 14.5 11.5 10.9 10.2 8.4 7.3 8.5

$400.00–$449.90 ................................... 5.5 7.9 5.9 6.0 6.3 4.1 3.1 2.9

$450.00–$499.90 ................................... 8.3 10.5 9.5 10.3 8.4 5.7 4.1 4.1

$500.00–$549.90 ................................... 8.9 14.7 12.0 9.4 7.1 5.7 4.2 4.4

$550.00–$599.90 ................................... 7.2 11.7 8.6 7.4 6.4 5.2 4.4 4.4

$600.00–$649.90 ................................... 6.3 7.5 7.6 6.7 5.8 4.9 4.6 5.0

$650.00–$699.90 ................................... 5.5 5.5 6.5 5.8 5.1 4.6 4.7 5.1

$700.00–$749.90 ................................... 5.2 4.5 5.7 5.0 4.8 4.9 5.4 6.6

$750.00–$799.90 ................................... 4.9 3.9 4.5 4.4 4.8 5.4 6.3 8.0

$800.00–$849.90 ................................... 5.0 3.4 4.1 4.3 5.0 5.8 7.1 9.1

$850.00–$899.90 ................................... 5.0 2.9 3.8 4.2 5.2 6.3 7.4 9.4

$900.00–$949.90 ................................... 4.7 2.6 3.4 4.2 5.6 6.1 6.5 7.2

$950.00–$999.90 ................................... 4.3 2.2 3.1 4.0 4.9 5.5 6.1 6.2

$1,000.00–$1,049.90 ............................. 3.9 2.0 3.2 3.8 4.1 4.9 5.3 4.8

$1,050.00–$1,099.90 ............................. 3.1 2.0 2.5 2.9 3.3 4.0 4.1 3.4

$1,100.00–$1,149.90 ............................. 2.5 2.0 1.9 2.2 2.9 3.4 3.0 2.0

$1,150.00–$1,199.90 ............................. 2.0 1.2 1.5 2.0 2.5 2.9 2.6 1.5

$1,200.00–$1,249.90 ............................. 1.7 .6 1.3 1.8 2.0 2.5 2.3 1.2

$1,250.00–$1,299.90 ............................. 1.5 .3 1.2 1.4 1.6 2.4 2.5 1.2

$1,300.00 or more.................................. 4.1 .2 2.4 3.3 4.2 7.4 9.1 5.2

Average benefit .................................... $729.60 $605.50 $673.30 $705.50 $744.60 $820.30 $857.40 $803.40
5.C OASDI Current-Pay Benefits: Retired Workers & Dependents 

CONTACT: Rona Blumenthal/Joseph Bondar (410) 965-0163/0162 for further information.

204 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Table 5.C1.—Number and percentage distribution, by type of benefit and primary insurance amount, December 20001

[Based on 10-percent sample]

1 Provisions for Railroad Retirement beneficiaries are described in the section Social Security (Old-Age, Survivors, and Disability Insurance).

Primary insurance

amount

Retired workers Wives and husbands Children

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent

Total ........................................................... 28,505,990 100.0 2,797,170 100.0 457,960 100.0

Less than $300.00 ................................................ 1,904,920 6.7 76,120 2.7 14,300 3.1

$300.00–$349.90.................................................. 1,025,870 3.6 33,920 1.2 7,090 1.5

$350.00–$399.90.................................................. 662,560 2.3 25,300 .9 5,970 1.3

$400.00–$449.90.................................................. 914,800 3.2 36,640 1.3 7,260 1.6

$450.00–$499.90.................................................. 1,408,900 4.9 54,640 2.0 15,390 3.4

$500.00–$549.90.................................................. 1,322,630 4.6 54,480 1.9 15,570 3.4

$550.00–$599.90.................................................. 1,217,530 4.3 53,690 1.9 16,170 3.5

$600.00–$649.90.................................................. 1,285,820 4.5 57,490 2.1 16,450 3.6

$650.00–$699.90.................................................. 1,148,970 4.0 58,730 2.1 17,180 3.8

$700.00–$749.90.................................................. 1,120,780 3.9 64,000 2.3 18,160 4.0

$750.00–$799.90.................................................. 1,078,100 3.8 67,970 2.4 19,150 4.2

$800.00–$849.90.................................................. 1,055,230 3.7 75,840 2.7 18,250 4.0

$850.00–$899.90.................................................. 1,075,550 3.8 87,300 3.1 20,430 4.5

$900.00–$949.90.................................................. 1,045,090 3.7 93,910 3.4 19,540 4.3

$950.00–$999.90.................................................. 1,090,930 3.8 111,380 4.0 20,740 4.5

$1,000.00–$1,049.90............................................ 1,115,940 3.9 125,570 4.5 20,700 4.5

$1,050.00–$1,099.90............................................ 1,171,480 4.1 152,760 5.5 21,980 4.8

$1,100.00–$1,149.90............................................ 1,313,320 4.6 204,700 7.3 24,120 5.3

$1,150.00–$1,199.90............................................ 1,325,490 4.6 227,980 8.2 23,540 5.1

$1,200.00–$1,249.90............................................ 1,430,200 5.0 257,030 9.2 27,200 5.9

$1,250.00–$1,299.90............................................ 1,531,390 5.4 284,760 10.2 31,310 6.8

$1,300.00 or more................................................. 3,260,490 11.4 592,960 21.2 77,460 16.9

Average primary insurance amount.................. $851.20 $1,057.50 $957.60 
 5.C OASDI Current-Pay Benefits: Retired Workers & Dependents

CONTACT: Rona Blumenthal/Joseph Bondar (410) 965-0163/0162 for further information.

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 205

Table 5.C2.—Average monthly benefit, by type of benefit and sex, 1940–2000

December

Retired workers Wives

Husbands

Children

Total Men Women Total

Entitled

solely

by age1

1 Aged 62 or older. Includes wives aged 65 or older with children. 

Entitled

because of

children 2

2 Under age 65 with entitled children in their care.

Total

Under

age18

Disabled,

aged 18

or older Students

1940................................... $22.60 $23.17 $18.37 $12.13 $12.13 . . . . . . $12.22 $12.22 . . . . . .

1941................................... 22.70 23.32 18.48 12.11 12.11 . . . . . . 12.19 12.19 . . . . . .

1942................................... 23.02 23.71 18.73 12.28 12.28 . . . . . . 12.24 12.24 . . . . . .

1943................................... 23.42 24.17 19.06 12.49 12.49 . . . . . . 12.31 12.31 . . . . . .

1944................................... 23.73 24.48 19.35 12.63 12.63 . . . . . . 12.38 12.38 . . . . . .

1945................................... 24.19 24.94 19.51 12.82 12.82 . . . . . . 12.45 12.45 . . . . . .

1946................................... 24.55 25.30 19.64 12.99 12.99 . . . . . . 12.57 12.57 . . . . . .

1947................................... 24.90 25.68 19.91 13.17 13.17 . . . . . . 12.77 12.77 . . . . . .

1948................................... 25.35 26.21 20.11 13.42 13.42 . . . . . . 12.99 12.99 . . . . . .

1949................................... 26.00 26.92 20.58 13.76 13.76 . . . . . . 13.18 13.18 . . . . . .

1950................................... 43.86 45.67 35.05 23.60 23.79 $12.85 $20.01 17.05 17.05 . . . . . .

1951................................... 42.14 44.44 33.03 22.75 23.16 14.33 19.49 13.37 13.37 . . . . . .

1952................................... 49.25 52.16 39.17 26.01 26.48 16.33 22.31 14.67 14.67 . . . . . .

1953................................... 51.10 54.46 40.66 27.08 27.53 17.97 23.10 15.79 15.79 . . . . . .

1954................................... 59.14 63.34 47.05 31.81 32.36 21.11 26.61 18.53 18.53 . . . . . .

1955................................... 61.90 66.40 49.93 33.12 33.63 22.96 27.27 20.01 20.01 . . . . . .

1956................................... 63.09 68.23 51.16 33.76 34.22 23.64 27.90 20.63 20.63 . . . . . .

1957................................... 64.58 70.47 52.23 34.41 34.89 24.21 29.39 21.89 20.90 $31.55 . . .

1958................................... 66.35 72.74 53.55 35.11 35.59 25.12 30.45 22.99 21.66 32.00 . . .

1959................................... 72.78 80.11 58.81 38.24 38.68 29.39 33.85 27.34 25.61 35.08 . . .

1960................................... 74.04 81.87 59.67 38.74 39.19 30.15 34.72 28.25 26.38 35.70 . . .

1961................................... 75.65 83.13 62.00 39.47 40.09 29.45 36.61 27.52 25.56 36.22 . . .

1962................................... 76.19 83.79 62.61 39.64 40.35 29.55 37.05 27.39 25.44 36.35 . . .

1963................................... 76.88 84.69 63.42 39.95 40.66 29.94 37.64 27.85 25.76 36.84 . . .

1964................................... 77.57 85.58 64.28 40.24 40.95 30.16 38.18 28.13 25.86 37.34 . . .

1965................................... 83.92 92.59 70.07 43.64 44.41 32.60 41.69 31.98 28.27 40.64 $46.75

1966................................... 84.35 93.26 70.79 43.82 44.60 32.64 42.21 32.72 28.18 41.03 45.05

1967................................... 85.37 94.49 71.92 44.25 45.01 32.92 42.79 33.10 28.34 41.49 45.07

1968................................... 98.86 109.08 84.24 51.22 52.13 37.66 49.29 38.12 32.44 47.79 51.08

1969................................... 100.40 110.96 85.71 51.89 52.81 38.00 49.90 38.63 32.79 48.46 51.33

1970................................... 118.10 130.53 101.22 61.20 62.41 43.23 58.47 44.85 37.72 56.79 59.46

1971................................... 132.17 146.13 113.60 68.36 69.82 47.07 65.25 49.36 41.08 62.57 65.93

1972................................... 162.35 179.44 140.11 84.11 86.07 56.10 79.97 59.90 49.44 75.91 80.13

1973................................... 166.40 182.60 145.80 84.80 86.80 56.80 80.80 61.10 50.30 77.00 82.70

1974................................... 188.20 206.56 165.47 95.77 98.08 64.24 90.90 69.63 57.10 86.61 94.21

1975................................... 207.18 227.75 181.80 105.21 107.74 70.72 99.07 77.42 63.13 94.75 103.88

1976................................... 224.86 247.70 197.08 114.15 116.82 77.29 106.68 85.64 69.55 102.81 113.92

1977................................... 243.00 268.40 212.60 123.30 126.20 84.20 100.90 94.90 76.90 112.30 124.60

1978................................... 263.20 291.60 229.70 133.10 136.00 91.70 106.00 104.70 85.10 121.70 138.40

1979................................... 294.30 326.80 256.50 148.80 151.90 102.90 116.00 119.20 97.00 137.10 157.20

1980................................... 341.40 380.20 296.80 172.50 176.00 120.40 132.10 140.00 114.30 159.80 184.00

1981................................... 386.00 431.10 334.50 195.40 199.20 138.20 145.90 161.40 131.10 182.20 210.60

1982................................... 419.30 469.60 362.20 213.60 216.90 148.80 156.00 165.00 145.90 198.40 179.70

1983................................... 440.80 495.00 379.60 226.50 229.50 151.30 160.90 175.80 163.20 210.10 153.50

1984................................... 460.60 517.80 396.50 237.20 240.30 156.70 165.80 185.50 170.60 220.80 149.90

1985................................... 478.60 538.40 412.10 247.20 250.30 161.90 169.50 197.60 177.40 230.80 232.30

1986................................... 488.50 549.80 420.50 252.70 255.70 165.10 170.40 203.80 182.50 236.80 241.20

1987................................... 512.70 577.50 441.20 265.40 268.40 174.00 175.90 215.90 192.70 249.90 252.60

1988................................... 536.80 604.90 462.00 278.00 281.00 182.40 181.50 227.70 201.60 263.30 265.40

1989................................... 566.90 638.90 487.90 293.80 296.80 194.00 189.10 242.40 213.80 279.30 283.70

1990................................... 602.60 679.30 518.60 312.30 315.40 208.10 198.20 259.40 228.50 298.30 300.90

1991................................... 629.30 709.30 541.60 326.10 329.20 219.40 203.30 272.70 240.60 312.90 306.70

1992................................... 652.60 735.50 561.80 337.90 341.00 229.30 208.20 285.20 252.30 326.00 322.20

1993................................... 674.10 759.30 580.70 348.80 351.80 238.70 212.10 296.80 263.10 338.00 333.40

1994................................... 697.30 785.20 610.30 360.50 363.60 248.60 216.40 309.30 275.00 351.10 349.60

1995................................... 719.80 810.20 621.20 371.90 375.00 256.70 220.80 321.50 286.70 363.80 360.30

1996................................... 745.00 838.10 643.70 385.10 387.70 277.30 225.70 337.10 303.00 378.40 374.70

1997................................... 765.00 860.50 662.50 394.70 397.20 286.40 228.80 349.00 314.90 389.80 388.40

1998................................... 779.70 876.90 675.90 401.70 404.00 294.90 230.50 358.40 324.30 399.00 398.00

1999................................... 804.30 904.60 697.50 413.00 415.30 307.50 234.50 372.40 338.90 413.00 417.30

2000................................... 844.50 951.10 729.90 431.30 433.50 328.90 242.70 394.80 363.40 433.70 444.40
5.D OASDI Current-Pay Benefits: Disabled Workers 

CONTACT: Joseph Bondar/Rona Blumenthal (410) 965-0162/0163 for further information.

206 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Table 5.D1.—Number, percent, and average monthly benefit, by year of entitlement as disabled worker and sex, 

December 2000 1

 1 Provisions for Railroad Retirement beneficiaries are described in the section Social Security (Old-Age, Survivors, and Disability Insurance).

[Based on 10-percent sample]

Year of 

entitlement

Total Men Women

Number

as of

December

2000

Percentage

distribution

Cumulative

percent 2

 2 Represents those entitled in specified year or later. 3 Less than 0.05 percent.

Average

monthly

benefit

Number

as of

December

2000

Percentage

distribution

Cumulative

percent 2

Average

monthly

benefit

Number

as of

December

2000

Percentage

distribution

Cumulative

percent 2

Average

monthly

benefit

Total ........

.

5,035,840 100.0 . . . $787.00 2,856,870 100.0 . . . $883.00 2,178,970 100.0 . . . $661.10

1995–2000....... 2,334,220 46.4 . . . 816.50 1,258,250 44.0 . . . 932.30 1,075,970 49.4 . . . 681.00

1990–1994....... 1,504,830 29.9 . . . 762.70 839,140 29.4 . . . 862.10 665,690 30.6 . . . 637.30

1985–1989....... 619,020 12.3 . . . 744.00 372,360 13.0 . . . 823.10 246,660 11.3 . . . 624.50

1980–1984....... 286,440 5.7 . . . 713.20 188,270 6.6 . . . 767.80 98,170 4.5 . . . 608.40

1975–1979....... 178,630 3.5 . . . 897.10 120,120 4.2 . . . 950.60 58,510 2.7 . . . 787.40

1970–1974....... 87,810 1.7 . . . 778.40 60,370 2.1 . . . 807.50 27,440 1.3 . . . 714.40

1965–1969....... 22,950 .5 . . . 656.80 16,960 .6 . . . 666.80 5,990 .3 . . . 628.50

1960–1964....... 1,940 (3) . . . 640.10 1,400 (3) . . . 622.50 540 (3) . . . 685.70

2000................. 252,370 5.0 5.0 894.40 143,370 5.0 5.0 1,014.40 109,000 5.0 5.0 736.40

1999................. 426,550 8.5 13.5 842.20 230,040 8.1 13.1 959.90 196,510 9.0 14.0 704.40

1998................. 449,900 8.9 22.4 813.60 240,530 8.4 21.5 929.20 209,370 9.6 23.6 680.70

1997................. 427,160 8.5 30.9 795.10 227,610 8.0 29.5 907.60 199,550 9.2 32.8 666.80

1996................. 404,590 8.0 38.9 789.00 217,260 7.6 37.1 904.10 187,330 8.6 41.4 655.60

1995................. 373,650 7.4 46.4 792.20 199,440 7.0 44.0 904.20 174,210 8.0 49.4 664.00

1994................. 357,840 7.1 53.5 785.60 192,650 6.7 50.8 898.80 165,190 7.6 57.0 653.70

1993................. 328,190 6.5 60.0 766.00 180,130 6.3 57.1 873.30 148,060 6.8 63.8 635.40

1992................. 310,290 6.2 66.1 754.00 174,260 6.1 63.2 849.40 136,030 6.2 70.0 631.70

1991................. 282,430 5.6 71.7 747.70 161,110 5.6 68.8 837.80 121,320 5.6 75.6 628.10

1990................. 226,080 4.5 76.2 752.10 130,990 4.6 73.4 839.70 95,090 4.4 79.9 631.50

1989................. 168,840 3.4 79.6 754.10 98,150 3.4 76.9 840.10 70,690 3.2 83.2 634.70

1988................. 136,880 2.7 82.3 759.50 81,290 2.8 79.7 846.00 55,590 2.6 85.7 633.10

1987................. 115,650 2.3 84.6 753.00 70,040 2.5 82.1 833.90 45,610 2.1 87.8 628.70

1986................. 105,370 2.1 86.7 728.40 64,810 2.3 84.4 802.20 40,560 1.9 89.7 610.30

1985................. 92,280 1.8 88.5 708.90 58,070 2.0 86.4 772.80 34,210 1.6 91.3 600.60

1984................. 80,860 1.6 90.1 694.30 51,840 1.8 88.3 752.60 29,020 1.3 92.6 590.30

1983................. 64,590 1.3 91.4 695.80 42,660 1.5 89.8 747.00 21,930 1.0 93.6 596.20

1982................. 52,990 1.1 92.5 698.90 34,960 1.2 91.0 751.30 18,030 .8 94.4 597.40

1981................. 43,820 .9 93.3 730.30 29,130 1.0 92.0 784.20 14,690 .7 95.1 623.60

1980................. 44,180 .9 94.2 773.10 29,680 1.0 93.0 827.70 14,500 .7 95.8 661.40

1979................. 39,980 .8 95.0 882.10 26,770 .9 94.0 941.10 13,210 .6 96.4 762.60

1978................. 36,430 .7 95.7 953.10 24,460 .9 94.8 1,005.10 11,970 .5 96.9 846.90

1977................. 34,890 .7 96.4 921.70 23,030 .8 95.6 984.20 11,860 .5 97.5 800.40

1976................. 35,930 .7 97.1 886.80 24,320 .9 96.5 939.50 11,610 .5 98.0 776.40

1975................. 31,400 .6 97.8 835.80 21,540 .8 97.2 877.20 9,860 .5 98.4 745.60

1974................. 26,550 .5 98.3 816.10 18,040 .6 97.9 851.50 8,510 .4 98.8 741.00

1973................. 22,250 .4 98.7 772.60 14,770 .5 98.4 809.00 7,480 .3 99.2 700.80

1972................. 15,160 .3 99.0 773.80 10,530 .4 98.8 805.20 4,630 .2 99.4 702.30

1971................. 13,330 .3 99.3 764.30 9,450 .3 99.1 782.40 3,880 .2 99.6 720.10

1970................. 10,520 .2 99.5 720.20 7,580 .3 99.4 734.50 2,940 .1 99.7 683.50

1969................. 7,970 .2 99.7 672.40 5,850 .2 99.6 680.20 2,120 .1 99.8 651.10

1968................. 10,060 .2 99.9 628.90 7,440 .3 99.8 640.50 2,620 .1 99.9 596.00

1967................. 2,490 (3) 99.9 706.10 1,930 .1 99.9 722.00 560 (3) 99.9 651.50

1966................. 1,320 (3) 99.9 670.70 950 (3) 99.9 682.10 370 (3) 100.0 641.20

1965................. 1,110 (3) 100.0 669.90 790 (3) 100.0 662.10 320 (3) 100.0 689.30
5.D OASDI Current-Pay Benefits: Disabled Workers

CONTACT: Joseph Bondar/Rona Blumenthal (410) 965-0162/0163 for further information.

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 207

1Provisions for Railroad Retirement beneficiaries are described in the section Social Security (Old-Age, Survivors, and Disability Insurance).

Table 5.D2.—Number and percentage distribution, by monthly benefit and sex, December 20001

1 Provisions for Railroad Retirement beneficiaries are described in the section Social Security (Old-Age, Survivors, and Disability Insurance).

[Based on 10-percent sample]

Monthly benefit 

Total Men Women

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent

Total ........................................................... 5,035,840 100.0 2,856,870 100.0 2,178,970 100.0

Less than $300.00 ................................................ 218,230 4.3 71,270 2.5 146,960 6.7

$300.00–$349.90.................................................. 108,500 2.2 37,750 1.3 70,750 3.2

$350.00–$399.90.................................................. 113,190 2.2 39,830 1.4 73,360 3.4

$400.00–$449.90.................................................. 166,760 3.3 60,000 2.1 106,760 4.9

$450.00–$499.90.................................................. 329,560 6.5 119,940 4.2 209,620 9.6

$500.00–$549.90.................................................. 355,760 7.1 142,280 5.0 213,480 9.8

$550.00–$599.90.................................................. 349,680 6.9 151,030 5.3 198,650 9.1

$600.00–$649.90.................................................. 342,960 6.8 161,170 5.6 181,790 8.3

$650.00–$699.90.................................................. 318,460 6.3 159,040 5.6 159,420 7.3

$700.00–$749.90.................................................. 292,130 5.8 154,710 5.4 137,420 6.3

$750.00–$799.90.................................................. 269,820 5.4 152,120 5.3 117,700 5.4

$800.00–$849.90.................................................. 245,140 4.9 146,060 5.1 99,080 4.5

$850.00–$899.90.................................................. 229,330 4.6 144,520 5.1 84,810 3.9

$900.00–$949.90.................................................. 205,620 4.1 135,970 4.8 69,650 3.2

$950.00–$999.90.................................................. 190,040 3.8 130,930 4.6 59,110 2.7

$1,000.00–$1,049.90............................................ 171,550 3.4 123,010 4.3 48,540 2.2

$1,050.00–$1,099.90............................................ 152,370 3.0 113,520 4.0 38,850 1.8

$1,100.00–$1,149.90............................................ 138,500 2.8 106,910 3.7 31,590 1.4

$1,150.00–$1,199.90............................................ 133,400 2.6 106,630 3.7 26,770 1.2

$1,200.00–$1,249.90............................................ 142,960 2.8 117,030 4.1 25,930 1.2

$1,250.00–$1,299.90............................................ 158,190 3.1 132,190 4.6 26,000 1.2

$1,300.00 or more................................................. 403,690 8.0 350,960 12.3 52,730 2.4

Average benefit ................................................... $787.00 $883.00 $661.10 

Table 5.D3.—Number and monthly benefits, by sex, 1957–20001

[Monthly benefits, in thousands]

December

Total Men Women

Number Benefit Number Benefit Number Benefit

1957.................................................. 149,850 $10,904 121,172 $8,903 28,678 $2,001

1958.................................................. 237,719 19,516 189,883 16,138 47,836 3,378

1959.................................................. 334,443 29,765 264,201 24,417 70,242 5,348

1960.................................................. 455,371 40,668 356,277 33,034 99,094 7,633

1965.................................................. 988,074 96,599 734,047 74,946 254,027 21,656

1970.................................................. 1,492,948 196,010 1,068,986 148,194 423,962 47,819

1975.................................................. 2,488,774 562,180 1,710,923 418,013 777,851 144,167

1980.................................................. 2,858,680 1,059,792 1,928,030 784,266 930,650 275,525

1981.................................................. 2,776,519 1,147,113 1,870,436 849,599 906,083 297,513

1982.................................................. 2,603,599 1,147,131 1,745,492 847,512 858,107 299,619

1983.................................................. 2,569,029 1,171,957 1,730,947 870,075 838,082 301,882

1984.................................................. 2,596,516 1,222,081 1,747,536 906,985 848,980 315,096

1985.................................................. 2,656,638 1,285,375 1,784,750 953,156 871,888 332,219

1986.................................................. 2,728,463 1,331,144 1,826,835 985,003 901,628 346,141

1987.................................................. 2,785,859 1,415,811 1,857,172 1,044,647 928,687 371,165

1988.................................................. 2,830,284 1,498,637 1,876,878 1,101,675 953,406 396,962

1989.................................................. 2,895,364 1,609,780 1,906,379 1,176,403 988,985 433,376

1990.................................................. 3,011,294 1,768,313 1,967,408 1,283,579 1,043,886 484,735

1991.................................................. 3,194,938 1,946,823 2,067,777 1,401,006 1,127,161 545,817

1992.................................................. 3,467,783 2,171,080 2,219,789 1,546,924 1,247,994 624,156

1993.................................................. 3,725,966 2,390,829 2,357,332 1,685,025 1,368,634 705,804

1994.................................................. 3,962,954 2,620,982 2,473,061 1,824,195 1,489,893 796,787

1995.................................................. 4,185,263 2,853,365 2,568,359 1,956,168 1,616,904 897,197

1996.................................................. 4,385,623 3,087,223 2,644,454 2,083,123 1,741,169 1,004,100

1997.................................................. 4,508,134 3,252,919 2,666,486 2,158,017 1,841,648 1,094,902

1998.................................................. 4,698,319 3,444,259 2,737,296 2,252,129 1,961,023 1,192,130

1999.................................................. 4,879,455 3,679,691 2,801,163 2,371,141 2,078,292 1,308,550

2000.................................................. 5,042,334 3,965,304 2,856,411 2,521,252 2,185,923 1,444,052
5.D OASDI Current-Pay Benefits: Disabled Workers

CONTACT: Joseph Bondar/Rona Blumenthal (410) 965-0162/0163 for further information.

208 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Table 5.D4.—Number, average age, and percentage distribution, by age and sex, 1957–2000

December 1

1 Data not available for 1981.

Total

number 2

(in thousands)

2 Provisions for Railroad Retirement beneficiaries are described in the section Social Security (Old-Age, Survivors, and Disability Insurance).

Average

 age

Percentage distribution, by age

Total Under 30 30–39 40–44 45–49 50–54 55–59 60–64

Men

1957.................................... 121 59.4 100.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . 18.5 29.9 51.6

1958.................................... 190 59.5 100.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . 18.2 29.7 52.1

1959.................................... 264 59.3 100.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . 19.0 30.7 50.3

1960.................................... 356 57.3 100.0 0.5 3.3 3.0 4.9 16.6 26.7 44.9

1965.................................... 734 54.4 100.0 1.0 7.5 7.6 10.4 15.4 24.7 33.3

1970.................................... 1,069 53.9 100.0 3.3 6.8 6.9 10.9 15.2 23.2 33.7

1975.................................... 1,711 53.5 100.0 4.6 7.5 6.2 9.7 15.8 23.2 33.0

1980.................................... 1,928 52.9 100.0 4.1 9.6 6.0 8.9 14.3 24.0 33.1

1982.................................... 1,746 53.2 100.0 4.0 9.7 5.8 7.8 13.6 23.6 35.5

1983.................................... 1,731 52.9 100.0 4.2 10.4 6.3 8.0 13.0 23.1 35.0

1984.................................... 1,748 52.5 100.0 4.4 11.3 6.8 8.3 12.8 22.2 34.2

1985.................................... 1,785 51.9 100.0 4.6 12.3 7.3 8.6 12.9 21.4 32.9

1986.................................... 1,827 51.4 100.0 4.9 13.3 7.9 8.9 12.7 20.7 31.5

1987.................................... 1,857 51.1 100.0 4.8 13.8 8.5 9.4 12.5 20.1 30.8

1988 3 ................................. 1,869 50.9 100.0 4.7 14.3 9.0 9.8 12.7 19.6 29.9

1989.................................... 1,906 50.7 100.0 4.5 14.7 9.6 10.3 12.7 19.4 28.8

1990 3 ................................. 1,965 50.4 100.0 4.5 15.2 10.3 10.7 12.7 19.1 27.5

1991 3 ................................. 2,066 50.1 100.0 4.5 15.6 10.7 11.2 13.0 18.6 26.4

1992 3 ................................. 2,221 49.9 100.0 4.6 16.0 11.0 12.0 13.4 18.0 25.0

1993 3 ................................. 2,358 49.6 100.0 4.6 16.2 11.2 12.3 13.9 17.9 23.9

1994 3 ................................. 2,476 49.6 100.0 4.3 16.1 11.4 12.8 14.2 17.8 23.4

1995 3 ................................. 2,573 49.7 100.0 4.0 15.5 11.5 13.4 14.5 18.0 23.2

1996 3 ................................. 2,650 49.9 100.0 3.6 14.8 11.6 13.7 15.0 18.3 22.9

1997 3 ................................. 2,671 50.2 100.0 3.3 13.9 11.6 13.6 15.7 18.9 23.0

1998 3 ................................. 2,741 50.5 100.0 3.1 13.3 11.6 13.7 16.1 19.4 22.9

1999 3 ................................. 2,802 50.6 100.0 2.9 12.6 11.6 13.8 16.7 19.7 22.9

2000 3 ................................. 2,857 50.7 100.0 2.8 11.8 11.5 13.9 17.3 20.0 22.8

Women

1957.................................... 29 57.9 100.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . 25.6 39.2 35.2

1958.................................... 48 58.2 100.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . 23.8 37.5 38.6

1959.................................... 70 58.4 100.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . 23.4 36.8 39.7

1960.................................... 99 56.7 100.0 0.3 3.2 3.2 5.3 19.4 31.4 37.2

1965.................................... 254 55.2 100.0 .6 5.4 6.3 9.8 16.2 27.3 34.3

1970.................................... 424 55.0 100.0 1.9 5.1 5.6 10.1 15.9 26.0 35.3

1975.................................... 778 54.4 100.0 3.3 6.1 5.3 9.0 16.3 25.5 34.5

1980.................................... 931 53.7 100.0 3.4 8.2 5.3 8.2 14.4 25.4 35.0

1982.................................... 858 53.9 100.0 3.3 8.5 5.1 7.2 13.7 25.2 37.0

1983.................................... 838 53.6 100.0 3.5 9.3 5.7 7.5 12.9 24.3 36.8

1984.................................... 849 53.2 100.0 3.7 10.2 6.3 7.8 12.8 23.2 36.0

1985.................................... 872 52.6 100.0 3.8 11.2 6.9 8.3 12.9 22.3 34.6

1986.................................... 902 52.0 100.0 4.1 12.1 7.6 8.8 12.9 21.6 32.9

1987.................................... 929 51.7 100.0 4.2 12.7 8.2 9.4 12.9 20.9 31.7

1988 3.................................

3 Based on 10-percent sample.

952 51.4 100.0 4.0 13.1 8.7 9.9 13.2 20.6 30.5

1989.................................... 989 51.1 100.0 4.0 13.5 9.2 10.6 13.4 20.1 29.2

1990 3 ................................. 1,046 50.8 100.0 3.9 14.0 9.8 11.1 13.4 19.9 27.9

1991 3 ................................. 1,133 50.5 100.0 4.0 14.3 10.3 11.6 13.8 19.4 26.5

1992 3 ................................. 1,252 50.1 100.0 4.3 14.6 10.7 12.2 14.3 18.8 25.0

1993 3 ................................. 1,371 49.9 100.0 4.3 14.9 11.0 12.6 14.8 18.9 23.5

1994 3 ................................. 1,491 49.9 100.0 4.1 14.8 11.2 13.1 15.3 18.7 22.8

1995 3 ................................. 1,614 49.9 100.0 3.8 14.5 11.5 13.6 15.7 18.8 22.2

1996 3 ................................. 1,736 50.0 100.0 3.4 14.1 11.6 13.9 16.2 19.0 21.7

1997 3 ................................. 1,835 50.2 100.0 3.1 13.3 11.6 14.0 16.8 19.6 21.5

1998 3 ................................. 1,956 50.5 100.0 3.0 12.8 11.5 14.2 17.0 20.0 21.6

1999 3 ................................. 2,071 50.5 100.0 2.8 12.1 11.5 14.3 17.5 20.4 21.5

2000 3 ................................. 2,179 50.7 100.0 2.7 11.5 11.3 14.5 17.9 20.7 21.5
 5.D OASDI Current-Pay Benefits: Disabled Workers

CONTACT: Joseph Bondar/Rona Blumenthal (410) 965-0162/0163 for further information.

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 209

Table 5.D4.1.—Number and percentage distribution of disabled beneficiaries, by type of beneficiary and diagnostic group, 

December 2000

Diagnostic group Total Disabled workers

Disabled children,

aged 18 or older

Disabled widows

and widowers

Number

Total ................................................................................. 5,972,468 5,042,333 728,689 201,446

Diagnosis available.............................................................. 5,652,157 4,959,682 1 495,904

1 The diagnosis for disabled children typically was not recorded on the Master Beneficiary Record (MBR) until 1984. Many beneficiaries entitled before that date are 

still on the rolls today.

 196,571

Infectious and parasitic diseases 2 .............................................

2 AIDS/HIV records are counted in the Infectious and Parasitic Diseases group. Before 1990, those records were included in the Other group.

 102,391 97,919 2,795 1,677

Neoplasms.................................................................................. 142,375 136,404 1,746 4,225

Endocrine, nutritional, and metabolic diseases........................... 267,826 244,456 2,753 20,617

Diseases of blood and blood-forming organs ............................. 14,132 12,070 1,713 349

Mental disorders (other than mental retardation)........................ 1,486,022 1,361,157 83,593 41,272

Mental retardation....................................................................... 567,151 257,601 299,925 9,625

Diseases of the––

Nervous system and sense organs......................................... 550,741 479,246 57,679 13,816

Circulatory system................................................................... 559,027 532,998 2,992 23,037

Respiratory system ................................................................. 178,279 166,054 891 11,334

Digestive system ..................................................................... 72,345 69,735 501 2,109

Genitourinary system .............................................................. 88,069 84,687 1,671 1,711

Skin and subcutaneous tissue ................................................ 13,103 12,351 237 515

Musculoskeletal system .......................................................... 1,207,914 1,152,231 4,090 51,593

Congenital anomalies ................................................................. 14,641 8,540 5,838 263

Injuries ........................................................................................ 244,231 231,066 8,124 5,041

Other........................................................................................... 143,910 113,167 21,356 9,387

Percentage distribution

Diagnosis available.............................................................. 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Infectious and parasitic diseases 2 ............................................. 1.8 2.0 .6 .9

Neoplasms.................................................................................. 2.5 2.8 .4 2.1

Endocrine, nutritional, and metabolic diseases........................... 4.7 4.9 .6 10.5

Diseases of blood and blood-forming organs ............................. .3 .2 .3 .2

Mental disorders (other than mental retardation)........................ 26.3 27.4 16.9 21.0

Mental retardation....................................................................... 10.0 5.2 60.5 4.9

Diseases of the––

Nervous system and sense organs......................................... 9.7 9.7 11.6 7.0

Circulatory system................................................................... 9.9 10.7 .6 11.7

Respiratory system ................................................................. 3.2 3.3 .2 5.8

Digestive system ..................................................................... 1.3 1.4 .1 1.1

Genitourinary system .............................................................. 1.6 1.7 .3 .9

Skin and subcutaneous tissue ................................................ .2 3 .2

3 Less than 0.05 percent

 (3) .3

Musculoskeletal system .......................................................... 21.4 23.2 .8 26.2

Congenital anomalies ................................................................. .3 .2 1.2 .1

Injuries ........................................................................................ 4.3 4.7 1.6 2.6

Other........................................................................................... 2.5 2.3 4.3 4.8
5.D OASDI Current-Pay Benefits: Disabled Workers 

CONTACT: Joseph Bondar/Rona Blumenthal (410) 965-0162/0163 for further information.

210 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Table 5.D5.—Number and percentage distribution, by diagnostic group, and sex, December 2000

Diagnostic group

Number Percentage distribution

Total Men Women Total Men Women

Total .......................................................................... 5,042,333 2,856,410 2,185,923 . . . . . . . . .

Diagnosis available ...................................................... 4,959,682 2,799,719 2,159,963 100.0 100.0 100.0

Infectious and parasitic diseases1 .....................................

1 AIDS/HIV records are counted in the Infectious and Parasitic Diseases group. Before 1990, these records were included in the Other group.

 97,919 75,065 22,854 2.0 2.7 1.1

Neoplasms......................................................................... 136,404 67,303 69,101 2.8 2.4 3.2

Endocrine, nutritional, and metabolic diseases.................. 244,456 99,459 144,997 4.9 3.6 6.7

Diseases of blood and blood-forming organs .................... 12,070 5,799 6,271 .2 .2 .3

Mental disorders (other than mental retardation)............... 1,361,157 729,135 632,022 27.4 26.0 29.3

Mental retardation.............................................................. 257,601 173,193 84,408 5.2 6.2 3.9

Diseases of the––

Nervous system and sense organs................................ 479,246 249,625 229,621 9.7 8.9 10.6

Circulatory system.......................................................... 532,998 366,900 166,098 10.7 13.1 7.7

Respiratory system ........................................................ 166,054 87,706 78,348 3.3 3.1 3.6

Digestive system ............................................................ 69,735 38,425 31,310 1.4 1.4 1.4

Genitourinary system ..................................................... 84,687 51,597 33,090 1.7 1.8 1.5

Skin and subcutaneous tissue ....................................... 12,351 5,141 7,210 .2 .2 .3

Musculoskeletal system ................................................. 1,152,231 623,017 529,214 23.2 22.3 24.5

Congenital anomalies ........................................................ 8,540 4,565 3,975 .2 .2 .2

Injuries ............................................................................... 231,066 166,364 64,702 4.7 5.9 3.0

Other.................................................................................. 113,167 56,425 56,742 2.3 2.0 2.6
5.D OASDI Current-Pay Benefits: Disabled Workers

CONTACT: Joseph Bondar/Rona Blumenthal (410) 965-0162/0163 for further information.

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 211

Table 5.D6.—Number and percentage distribution, by diagnostic group, age, and sex, December 2000

Diagnostic group Total

Age

Under 30 30–39 40–44 45–49 50–54 55–59 60–64

Total

Total ........................................................................... 5,042,333 137,359 591,894 572,784 710,578 886,202 1,021,533 1,121,983

Diagnosis available, number ......................................... 4,959,682 136,763 589,977 566,904 698,376 870,218 1,005,155 1,092,289

Diagnosis available, percentage distribution ................. 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Infectious and parasitic diseases1 ......................................

1 AIDS/HIV records are counted in the Infectious and Parasitic Diseases group. Before 1990, these records were included in the Other group. 

2.0 1.6 4.4 3.5 2.5 1.6 1.0 .8

Neoplasms.......................................................................... 2.8 2.6 1.9 2.0 2.4 2.8 3.2 3.4

Endocrine, nutritional, and metabolic diseases................... 4.9 2.4 3.4 4.1 4.9 5.7 5.7 5.2

Diseases of blood and blood-forming organs ..................... .2 .9 .4 .3 .2 .2 .2 .1

Mental disorders (other than mental retardation)................ 27.4 41.0 39.3 37.7 34.7 29.7 20.2 14.2

Mental retardation............................................................... 5.2 17.5 11.2 7.6 5.9 4.0 2.7 1.9

Diseases of the––

Nervous system and sense organs................................. 9.7 12.1 11.3 10.5 10.5 9.8 8.9 8.1

Circulatory system........................................................... 10.7 2.0 2.7 4.0 6.2 9.8 15.1 19.4

Respiratory system ......................................................... 3.3 .8 1.0 1.3 1.8 2.8 4.8 6.1

Digestive system ............................................................. 1.4 1.1 1.2 1.6 1.8 1.6 1.3 1.2

Genitourinary system ...................................................... 1.7 3.1 2.4 2.0 2.0 1.7 1.4 1.1

Skin and subcutaneous tissue ........................................ .2 2.3 .3 .3 .3 .2 .2

Musculoskeletal system .................................................. 23.2 4.7 11.7 17.1 19.6 23.1 29.3 31.9

Congenital anomalies ......................................................... .2 .6 .3 .2 .2 .1 .1 .1

Injuries ................................................................................ 4.7 7.5 6.3 5.4 4.6 4.2 3.9 4.2

Other................................................................................... 2.3 1.9 2.2 2.4 2.4 2.5 2.2 2.1

Men

Total ........................................................................... 2,856,410 79,273 337,287 325,942 398,007 494,668 569,900 651,333

Diagnosis available, number ......................................... 2,799,719 78,914 336,076 321,742 389,348 483,288 558,786 631,565

Diagnosis available, percentage distribution ................. 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Infectious and parasitic diseases 1 .................................... 2.7 1.9 6.5 5.1 3.6 2.0 1.1 .8

Neoplasms.......................................................................... 2.4 2.5 1.6 1.6 1.9 2.3 2.8 3.3

Endocrine, nutritional, and metabolic diseases................... 3.6 1.7 2.6 3.1 3.6 4.0 4.1 3.7

Diseases of blood and blood-forming organs ..................... .2 .8 .4 .2 .2 .2 .1 .1

Mental disorders (other than mental retardation)................ 26.0 41.6 38.0 36.1 33.3 29.3 18.5 12.4

Mental retardation............................................................... 6.2 18.4 12.9 9.1 7.2 5.0 3.4 2.3

Diseases of the––

Nervous system and sense organs................................. 8.9 11.2 9.9 9.3 9.4 9.0 8.5 7.9

Circulatory system........................................................... 13.1 2.0 2.7 4.4 7.3 11.9 18.9 23.9

Respiratory system ......................................................... 3.1 .5 .7 1.0 1.5 2.5 4.6 6.1

Digestive system ............................................................. 1.4 .7 .9 1.5 1.9 1.6 1.3 1.2

Genitourinary system ...................................................... 1.8 3.1 2.5 2.2 2.2 1.9 1.5 1.2

Skin and subcutaneous tissue ........................................ .2 .1 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2

Musculoskeletal system .................................................. 22.3 3.3 10.7 17.0 19.6 22.2 28.1 30.0

Congenital anomalies ......................................................... .2 .5 .2 .2 .2 .1 .1 .1

Injuries ................................................................................ 5.9 9.9 8.3 7.2 6.0 5.5 4.9 4.8

Other................................................................................... 2.0 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.0 2.2 2.0 2.0

Women

Total ........................................................................... 2,185,923 58,086 254,607 246,842 312,571 391,534 451,633 470,650

Diagnosis available, number ......................................... 2,159,963 57,849 253,901 245,162 309,028 386,930 446,369 460,724

Diagnosis available, percentage distribution ................. 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Infectious and parasitic diseases 1 ..................................... 1.1 1.3 1.7 1.4 1.2 1.0 .8 .7

Neoplasms.......................................................................... 3.2 2.7 2.3 2.6 3.0 3.4 3.6 3.7

Endocrine, nutritional, and metabolic diseases................... 6.7 3.2 4.4 5.4 6.6 7.8 7.7 7.3

Diseases of blood and blood-forming organs ..................... .3 1.1 .5 .4 .3 .2 .2 .2

Mental disorders (other than mental retardation)................ 29.3 40.2 41.1 40.0 36.5 30.2 22.3 16.7

Mental retardation............................................................... 3.9 16.3 9.0 5.6 4.3 2.8 1.8 1.3

Diseases of the––

Nervous system and sense organs................................. 10.6 13.2 13.1 12.1 11.8 10.8 9.5 8.3

Circulatory system........................................................... 7.7 2.2 2.6 3.5 4.8 7.2 10.4 13.2

Respiratory system ......................................................... 3.6 1.2 1.4 1.7 2.2 3.3 5.0 6.1

Digestive system ............................................................. 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.5 1.3 1.2

Genitourinary system ...................................................... 1.5 3.1 2.3 1.8 1.7 1.5 1.2 1.0

Skin and subcutaneous tissue ........................................ .3 .4 .4 .4 .4 .3 .3 .3

Musculoskeletal system .................................................. 24.5 6.6 12.9 17.3 19.7 24.2 30.7 34.4

Congenital anomalies ......................................................... .2 .7 .3 .2 .2 .1 .1 .1

Injuries ................................................................................ 3.0 4.3 3.7 3.1 2.7 2.6 2.6 3.3

Other................................................................................... 2.6 2.1 2.7 2.9 2.9 2.8 2.5 2.3
5.E OASDI Current-Pay Benefits: Disabled Workers & Dependents

CONTACT: Rona Blumenthal/Angela Y. Harper (410) 965-0163/9952 for further information.

212 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

 

Table 5.E1.—Number and percentage distribution, by type of benefit and primary insurance amount, December 2000

[Based on 10-percent sample]

Primary insurance amount

Disabled workers Wives and husbands Children

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent

Total ......................................................... 5,035,840 100.0 164,850 100.0 1,474,590 100.0

Less than $300.00 .............................................. 202,440 4.0 50 1(1)

 1 Less than 0.05 percent.

490 (1)

$300.00–$349.90................................................ 111,670 2.2 250 .2 2,020 .1

$350.00-$399.90 109,450 2.2 100 .1 1,020 .1

$400.00–$449.90................................................ 163,270 3.2 510 .3 5,470 .4

$450.00–$499.90................................................ 333,210 6.6 4,480 2.7 76,720 5.2

$500.00–$549.90................................................ 355,830 7.1 7,630 4.6 119,070 8.1

$550.00–$599.90................................................ 347,610 6.9 9,090 5.5 125,040 8.5

$600.00–$649.90................................................ 339,060 6.7 8,900 5.4 124,180 8.4

$650.00–$699.90................................................ 315,500 6.3 10,170 6.2 118,620 8.0

$700.00–$749.90................................................ 290,270 5.8 9,090 5.5 108,490 7.4

$750.00–$799.90................................................ 269,730 5.4 9,660 5.9 102,110 6.9

$800.00–$849.90................................................ 245,120 4.9 8,960 5.4 90,890 6.2

$850.00–$899.90................................................ 229,160 4.6 8,580 5.2 83,900 5.7

$900.00–$949.90................................................ 205,730 4.1 8,290 5.0 72,440 4.9

$950.00–$999.90................................................ 191,100 3.8 7,600 4.6 63,820 4.3

$1,000.00–$1,049.90.......................................... 173,200 3.4 7,480 4.5 56,460 3.8

$1,050.00–$1,099.90.......................................... 154,810 3.1 7,090 4.3 47,780 3.2

$1,100.00–$1,149.90.......................................... 141,010 2.8 6,960 4.2 39,810 2.7

$1,150.00–$1,199.90.......................................... 135,500 2.7 7,080 4.3 37,420 2.5

$1,200.00–$1,249.90.......................................... 146,160 2.9 7,720 4.7 39,400 2.7

$1,250.00–$1,299.90.......................................... 162,080 3.2 9,630 5.8 42,840 2.9

$1,300.00 or more............................................... 413,930 8.2 25,530 15.5 116,600 7.9

Average primary insurance amount................ $792.30 $953.70 $836.50 

Table 5.E2.—Average monthly benefit, by type of benefit, age, and sex, 1957–2000

December

Disabled workers

Wives Husbands

Children

Total Men Women Total

Under

age 18

Disabled,

aged 18 or older Students

1957....................................... $72.80 $73.50 $69.80 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1958....................................... 82.10 85.00 70.60 $34.00 $33.90 $27.30 $27.30 $38.50 . . .

1959....................................... 89.00 92.40 76.10 36.10 34.70 31.00 30.80 39.40 . . .

1960....................................... 89.30 92.70 77.00 34.40 34.70 30.20 30.00 39.00 . . .

1965....................................... 97.80 102.10 85.30 35.00 32.60 31.60 30.90 41.60 $49.30

1970....................................... 131.30 138.60 112.80 42.60 42.40 38.60 36.90 53.30 54.10

1975....................................... 225.90 244.30 185.30 67.40 61.70 62.00 58.60 84.10 86.90

1980....................................... 370.70 406.80 296.10 110.60 91.80 110.30 104.60 136.00 152.40

1981....................................... 413.20 454.20 328.40 121.70 100.10 134.40 115.60 151.90 172.90

1982....................................... 440.60 485.60 349.20 129.40 101.70 127.90 124.30 163.90 155.50

1983....................................... 456.20 502.70 360.20 129.30 101.50 135.50 133.80 172.00 144.00

1984....................................... 470.70 519.00 371.40 131.10 101.10 138.50 136.60 178.60 149.80

1985....................................... 483.80 534.10 381.00 132.70 102.70 141.80 138.90 183.80 196.90

1986....................................... 487.90 539.20 383.90 131.40 101.20 141.40 138.40 186.70 201.60

1987....................................... 508.20 562.50 399.70 135.80 86.10 146.40 143.00 195.70 213.40

1988....................................... 529.50 587.00 416.40 139.70 86.60 150.90 146.70 205.00 228.00

1989....................................... 556.00 617.10 438.20 145.50 91.50 156.70 151.90 218.20 240.60

1990....................................... 587.20 652.40 464.40 151.30 96.90 163.80 158.80 231.40 250.00

1991....................................... 609.40 677.50 484.20 154.60 101.70 167.90 162.70 240.90 253.20

1992....................................... 626.10 696.90 500.10 156.40 106.00 170.20 165.10 246.80 262.00

1993....................................... 641.70 714.80 515.70 157.50 108.60 173.10 167.70 253.30 265.90

1994....................................... 661.40 731.60 534.80 161.00 112.60 177.70 172.20 261.50 273.80

1995....................................... 681.80 761.60 554.90 165.00 116.60 183.50 177.90 270.10 284.10

1996....................................... 703.90 787.70 576.70 172.60 124.50 193.50 187.70 281.70 295.00

1997....................................... 721.60 809.30 594.50 178.00 129.10 201.20 195.20 292.20 306.30

1998....................................... 733.10 822.80 607.90 183.00 136.50 207.50 201.40 300.20 313.10

1999....................................... 754.10 846.50 629.60 190.20 145.40 216.10 209.50 310.70 319.80

2000....................................... 786.40 882.70 660.60 199.50 155.90 227.60 220.80 325.60 336.00
5.F OASDI Current-Pay Benefits: Dependents & Survivors

CONTACT: Rona Blumenthal/Dana Nichelle Mercer (410) 965-0163/966-6377 for further information.

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 213

Table 5.F1.—Number of wives and husbands and total monthly benefit, by type of benefit, 1950–2000

[Dollars, in thousands]

December

Total

Wives entitled

solely because of age 1 

 1 Aged 62 or older. Includes wives aged 65 or older with children.

Wives entitled because of children 2 

 2 Under age 65 with entitled children in their care.

Total Husbands

With at least 

1 child under age 16 3 

 3 Prior to August 1981, benefits were payable to mothers and fathers caring for a child under age 18. For mothers and fathers caring for a child who was at least 14 and

who were entitled in August 1981, benefits were continued until the child attained age 18 or September 1983, whichever came earlier.

With at least 

1 disabled child 4 

 4 Excludes wives with both disabled and nondisabled children in their care.

Number Benefit Number Benefit Number Benefit Number Benefit Number Benefit Number Benefit

Wives and husbands of retired workers

1950........................... 508,350 $11,995 498,688 $11,865 8,865 $114 8,865 $114 . . . . . . 797 $16

1955........................... 1,191,963 39,416 1,124,616 37,826 57,284 1,315 57,284 1,315 . . . . . . 10,063 274

1960........................... 2,269,384 87,867 2,143,949 84,018 110,909 3,344 101,774 3,010 9,135 $334 14,526 504

1965........................... 2,613,550 114,035 2,433,602 108,069 168,951 5,508 154,829 4,947 14,122 561 10,997 458

1970........................... 2,668,105 163,263 2,491,724 155,510 167,968 7,261 154,919 6,542 13,049 719 8,413 492

1975........................... 2,867,388 301,623 2,664,132 287,043 195,993 13,861 178,909 12,391 17,084 1,470 7,263 720

1980........................... 3,015,549 518,500 2,789,472 490,818 186,894 22,508 167,793 19,708 19,101 2,800 39,183 5,174

1981........................... 3,030,815 590,266 2,805,274 558,805 186,982 25,834 167,895 22,659 19,087 3,175 38,559 5,627

1982........................... 3,039,308 645,814 2,838,541 615,677 162,865 24,226 144,245 20,867 18,620 3,359 37,902 5,912

1983........................... 3,039,178 679,886 2,885,724 662,255 116,159 17,569 95,901 13,769 20,258 3,799 37,295 6,002

1984........................... 3,050,817 721,148 2,903,112 697,676 111,332 17,441 88,576 13,050 22,756 4,391 36,373 6,031

1985........................... 3,069,067 755,844 2,926,300 732,464 107,166 17,347 84,074 12,762 23,092 4,585 35,601 6,033

1986........................... 3,086,091 776,870 2,948,854 754,026 102,549 16,933 79,471 12,304 23,078 4,629 34,688 5,911

1987........................... 3,089,968 817,058 2,959,301 794,258 96,928 16,865 74,141 12,078 22,787 4,788 33,739 5,935

1988........................... 3,086,022 854,644 2,959,856 831,659 93,577 17,071 71,585 12,266 21,992 4,805 32,589 5,914

1989........................... 3,093,075 905,281 2,971,440 881,836 89,839 17,431 68,857 12,571 20,982 4,859 31,796 6,014

1990........................... 3,101,085 964,983 2,982,034 940,514 87,925 18,300 67,785 13,322 20,140 4,977 31,126 6,169

1991........................... 3,104,235 1,008,672 2,986,975 983,434 86,682 19,020 66,992 13,897 19,690 5,122 30,578 6,218

1992........................... 3,111,515 1,047,553 2,995,629 1,021,616 85,680 19,648 66,618 14,468 19,062 5,180 30,206 6,289

1993........................... 3,094,447 1,075,073 2,980,671 1,048,712 83,751 19,993 65,225 14,782 18,526 5,211 30,025 6,368

1994........................... 3,066,430 1,101,203 2,954,950 1,074,452 81,644 20,296 63,575 15,033 18,069 5,263 29,836 6,455

1995........................... 3,026,012 1,120,924 2,917,764 1,094,203 78,507 20,155 61,132 14,932 17,375 5,223 29,741 6,567

1996........................... 2,970,226 1,139,092 2,872,316 1,113,470 68,310 18,942 52,384 13,874 15,926 5,068 29,600 6,680

1997........................... 2,922,170 1,148,558 2,828,261 1,123,381 64,123 18,363 49,372 13,540 14,751 4,823 29,786 6,814

1998........................... 2,864,230 1,145,353 2,773,583 1,120,553 60,634 17,883 46,649 13,205 13,985 4,678 30,013 6,917

1999........................... 2,811,008 1,155,479 2,722,244 1,130,413 58,229 17,905 45,002 13,333 13,227 4,572 30,535 7,161

2000........................... 2,798,203 1,200,835 2,707,444 1,173,771 58,416 19,212 45,680 14,547 12,736 4,665 32,343 7,851

Wives and husbands of disabled workers

1958........................... 12,231 $415 4,845 $192 7,370 $223 7,345 $222 25 $1 16 $1

1960........................... 76,599 2,636 21,845 841 54,543 1,788 53,549 1,746 994 42 211 7

1965........................... 193,362 6,761 29,352 1,109 163,500 5,635 160,922 5,512 2,578 123 510 17

1970........................... 283,447 12,060 41,582 2,063 241,341 9,975 235,892 9,667 5,449 307 524 22

1975........................... 452,922 30,536 64,883 5,263 387,474 25,239 380,763 24,633 6,711 606 565 35

1980........................... 461,878 51,028 77,276 9,672 382,457 41,159 374,147 40,018 8,310 1,142 2,145 197

1981........................... 428,212 52,081 74,403 10,226 351,820 41,655 343,718 40,419 8,102 1,237 1,989 199

1982........................... 365,862 47,286 75,708 11,135 288,323 35,965 281,423 34,854 6,900 1,111 1,831 186

1983........................... 308,059 39,793 78,843 11,882 227,523 27,739 220,127 26,545 7,396 1,194 1,693 172

1984........................... 303,982 39,796 79,437 12,320 222,959 27,316 213,530 25,782 9,429 1,533 1,586 160

1985........................... 305,532 40,507 79,294 12,693 224,704 27,656 215,012 26,055 9,692 1,602 1,534 158

1986........................... 300,826 39,481 78,925 12,766 220,426 26,566 210,515 24,952 9,911 1,614 1,475 149

1987........................... 290,888 39,195 73,484 12,808 211,222 25,854 201,280 24,194 9,942 1,661 6,182 532

1988........................... 280,821 38,878 70,654 12,924 203,788 25,402 194,068 23,746 9,720 1,656 6,379 552

1989........................... 271,488 39,148 67,154 12,974 197,946 25,590 188,562 23,916 9,384 1,674 6,388 584

1990........................... 265,890 39,869 63,584 13,018 195,818 26,222 186,641 24,506 9,177 1,716 6,488 629

1991........................... 266,219 40,792 60,866 13,020 198,457 27,071 189,401 25,321 9,056 1,750 6,896 701

1992........................... 270,674 41,951 59,536 13,196 203,703 27,967 194,459 26,152 9,244 1,815 7,435 788

1993........................... 272,759 42,570 58,052 13,241 206,975 28,490 197,589 26,616 9,386 1,874 7,732 839

1994........................... 271,054 43,263 56,343 13,367 206,854 29,011 197,492 27,094 9,362 1,917 7,857 885

1995........................... 263,539 43,105 53,882 13,300 201,827 28,892 192,573 26,962 9,254 1,929 7,830 913

1996........................... 223,854 38,366 51,779 13,251 166,586 24,432 158,106 22,597 8,480 1,834 5,489 683

1997........................... 206,959 36,585 51,265 13,251 150,647 22,683 142,717 20,928 7,930 1,755 5,047 651

1998........................... 189,843 34,530 50,759 13,197 134,584 20,718 127,083 19,032 7,501 1,686 4,500 614

1999........................... 176,299 33,336 50,165 13,314 121,906 19,407 114,842 17,781 7,064 1,626 4,228 615

2000........................... 165,123 32,763 49,171 13,488 111,933 18,649 105,248 17,044 6,685 1,605 4,019 626
5.F OASDI Current-Pay Benefits: Dependents & Survivors 

CONTACT: Rona Blumenthal/Dana Nichelle Mercer (410) 965-0163/966-6377 for further information.

214 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Table 5.F3.—Number and percentage distribution of wives with entitlement based on age, by monthly benefit and age, 

December 2000

[Based on 10-percent sample] 

Monthly benefit Total

Age attained during 2000

62–64 65–69 70–74 75–79 80–84 85 or older

Total number ..................................... 2,759,190 336,740 767,870 732,410 540,440 269,220 112,510

Total percent ..................................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Less than $150.00 ....................................... 5.7 10.2 6.3 4.8 4.6 4.3 3.9

$150.00–$174.90......................................... 1.8 2.1 1.7 1.6 1.7 1.7 2.2

$175.00–$199.90......................................... 2.1 2.6 2.3 2.0 2.0 1.8 1.7

$200.00–$224.90......................................... 2.3 2.7 2.3 2.2 2.2 1.9 2.2

$225.00–$249.90......................................... 2.6 2.8 2.6 2.5 2.6 2.5 2.7

$250.00–$274.90......................................... 2.7 3.1 2.8 2.6 2.6 2.4 2.7

$275.00–$299.90......................................... 2.9 3.2 2.9 2.9 3.0 2.7 3.0

$300.00–$324.90......................................... 3.3 3.5 3.2 3.1 3.4 3.1 3.5

$325.00–$349.90......................................... 3.7 3.7 3.6 3.7 3.7 3.8 4.4

$350.00–$374.90......................................... 4.2 4.1 3.8 4.1 4.2 4.8 6.6

$375.00–$399.90......................................... 5.0 4.2 4.4 4.9 5.6 5.7 6.8

$400.00–$424.90......................................... 6.5 5.0 5.1 6.4 9.0 6.9 6.8

$425.00–$449.90......................................... 8.1 5.6 6.2 9.1 12.1 7.3 5.7

$450.00–$474.90......................................... 9.1 7.4 9.0 11.6 8.5 7.5 4.4

$475.00–$499.90......................................... 9.5 10.9 11.9 10.3 6.1 7.3 4.8

$500.00–$524.90......................................... 6.5 10.4 8.6 5.1 4.2 5.4 4.1

$525.00–$549.90......................................... 4.5 7.6 4.6 3.5 3.8 4.9 4.1

$550.00–$574.90......................................... 3.5 4.3 3.0 3.1 3.5 4.6 4.3

$575.00–$599.90......................................... 3.0 2.6 2.4 2.9 3.3 4.4 3.4

$600.00–$624.90......................................... 2.7 1.5 2.4 2.7 3.4 3.6 3.4

$625.00–$649.90......................................... 2.6 1.1 2.4 2.6 3.0 3.0 3.8

$650.00 or more .......................................... 7.9 1.4 8.5 8.2 7.5 10.4 15.4

Average benefit .......................................... $431.10 $392.60 $429.80 $433.20 $432.60 $459.10 $468.30
5.F OASDI Current-Pay Benefits: Dependents & Survivors

CONTACT: Rona Blumenthal/Dana Nichelle Mercer (410) 965-0163/966-6377 for further information.

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 215

Table 5.F4.—Number of children and total monthly benefit, by type of benefit, 1940–2000

[Dollars, in thousands]

December

Number of children of–– Monthly benefit for children of––

All

 workers

Retired

workers

Deceased

 workers

Disabled

workers

All

 workers

Retired

workers

Deceased

 workers

Disabled

workers

Total

1957........................................ 1,502,077 179,697 1,322,380 . . . $57,951 $3,932 $54,019 . . .

1960........................................ 2,000,451 268,168 1,576,802 155,481 93,276 7,576 81,003 $4,697

1965........................................ 3,092,659 460,781 2,074,263 557,615 159,428 14,736 127,067 17,627

1970........................................ 4,122,305 545,708 2,687,997 888,600 279,845 24,473 221,041 34,330

1980........................................ 4,606,517 638,711 2,609,920 1,357,886 864,242 89,386 625,090 149,766

1990........................................ 3,187,010 422,200 1,776,013 988,797 991,628 109,497 720,206 161,926

1995........................................ 3,734,097 441,600 1,883,643 1,408,854 1,283,288 141,974 882,837 258,477

1996........................................ 3,802,791 442,567 1,897,667 1,462,557 1,356,685 149,177 924,491 283,017

1997........................................ 3,771,774 441,121 1,892,707 1,437,946 1,389,552 153,949 946,325 289,278

1998........................................ 3,768,928 438,726 1,883,794 1,446,408 1,417,362 157,230 959,939 300,194

1999........................................ 3,794,795 442,016 1,884,803 1,467,976 1,473,988 164,755 991,963 317,270

2000........................................ 3,802,863 458,951 1,878,007 1,465,905 1,547,808 181,177 1,033,055 333,575

Children under age 18

1940........................................ 54,648 6,410 48,238 . . . $668 $62 $606 . . .

1950........................................ 699,703 46,241 653,462 . . . 19,366 788 18,578 . . .

1960........................................ 1,896,397 214,343 1,529,535 152,519 88,682 5,654 78,446 $4,582

1965........................................ 2,688,592 339,507 1,816,888 532,197 135,432 9,598 109,392 16,442

1970........................................ 3,314,578 354,373 2,161,094 799,111 215,366 13,367 172,499 29,500

1980........................................ 3,423,081 354,797 1,883,438 1,184,846 607,574 40,548 443,097 123,930

1990........................................ 2,497,252 236,051 1,333,690 927,511 739,787 53,944 538,546 147,296

1995........................................ 2,956,482 241,756 1,386,111 1,328,615 943,028 69,312 637,326 236,390

1996........................................ 3,010,100 241,911 1,391,095 1,377,094 997,075 73,297 665,269 258,509

1997........................................ 2,969,909 240,031 1,376,186 1,353,692 1,014,245 75,573 674,451 264,221

1998........................................ 2,962,704 238,455 1,363,444 1,360,805 1,031,690 77,334 680,264 274,092

1999........................................ 2,970,039 240,899 1,353,918 1,375,222 1,066,979 81,648 697,212 288,119

2000........................................ 2,976,406 255,908 1,346,091 1,374,407 1,120,977 92,987 724,567 303,423

Disabled children, aged 18 or older

1957........................................ 28,869 16,686 12,183 . . . $1,115 $526 $589 . . .

1960........................................ 104,054 53,825 47,267 2,962 4,594 1,922 2,557 $115

1965........................................ 198,390 87,122 102,287 8,981 10,271 3,541 6,357 374

1970........................................ 270,557 101,341 154,921 14,295 19,807 5,755 13,290 761

1980........................................ 450,169 140,548 276,738 32,883 89,561 22,463 62,625 4,473

1990........................................ 600,480 173,941 389,385 37,154 217,201 51,879 156,725 8,597

1995........................................ 686,101 188,965 446,377 50,759 300,007 68,743 217,553 13,711

1996........................................ 696,787 189,788 454,367 52,632 316,579 71,808 229,947 14,824

1997........................................ 704,709 189,780 461,974 52,955 330,258 73,984 240,802 15,472

1998........................................ 712,772 189,637 468,705 54,430 341,731 75,663 249,726 16,342

1999........................................ 720,526 189,815 474,804 55,907 357,099 78,391 261,339 17,369

2000........................................ 728,689 191,584 480,351 56,754 377,647 83,098 276,072 18,478

Students

1965........................................ 205,677 34,152 155,088 16,437 $13,725 $1,597 $11,318 $811

1970........................................ 537,170 89,994 371,982 75,194 44,672 5,351 35,252 4,069

1980........................................ 733,267 143,366 449,744 140,157 167,107 26,375 119,368 21,363

1990........................................ 89,278 12,208 52,938 24,132 34,641 3,673 24,935 6,033

1995........................................ 91,514 10,879 51,155 29,480 40,253 3,919 27,958 8,376

1996........................................ 95,904 10,868 52,205 32,831 43,032 4,072 29,276 9,684

1997........................................ 97,156 11,310 54,547 31,299 45,049 4,393 31,071 9,585

1998........................................ 93,452 10,634 51,645 31,173 43,941 4,233 29,949 9,759

1999........................................ 104,230 11,302 56,081 36,847 49,910 4,716 33,412 11,782

2000........................................ 97,768 11,459 51,565 34,744 49,184 5,092 32,417 11,674
5.F OASDI Current-Pay Benefits: Dependents & Survivors 

CONTACT: Rona Blumenthal/Dana Nichelle Mercer (410) 965-0163/966-6377 for further information.

216 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Table 5.F6.—Average monthly benefit for survivors, by type of benefit, 1940–2000

December

Widowed

mothers

and

fathers

Nondisabled

Parents

Children Disabled

Widows Widowers Total

Under

age 18

Disabled,

aged 18

or older Students Widows Widowers

1940....................................... $19.61 $20.28 . . . $13.09 $12.22 $12.22 . . . . . . . . . . . .

1941....................................... 19.50 20.22 . . . 12.97 12.19 12.19 . . . . . . . . . . . .

1942....................................... 19.57 20.15 . . . 13.05 12.24 12.24 . . . . . . . . . . . .

1943....................................... 19.72 20.15 . . . 13.11 12.31 12.31 . . . . . . . . . . . .

1944....................................... 19.80 20.17 . . . 13.08 12.38 12.38 . . . . . . . . . . . .

1945....................................... 19.83 20.19 . . . 13.06 12.45 12.45 . . . . . . . . . . . .

1946....................................... 20.07 20.22 . . . 13.15 12.57 12.57 . . . . . . . . . . . .

1947....................................... 20.44 20.40 . . . 13.44 12.77 12.77 . . . . . . . . . . . .

1948....................................... 20.80 20.60 . . . 13.63 12.99 12.99 . . . . . . . . . . . .

1949....................................... 21.08 20.82 . . . 13.77 13.18 13.18 . . . . . . . . . . . .

1950....................................... 34.24 36.54 $37.23 36.69 28.43 28.43 . . . . . . . . . . . .

1951....................................... 33.24 36.04 30.03 36.68 28.05 28.05 . . . . . . . . . . . .

1952....................................... 36.13 40.67 33.09 41.33 31.30 31.30 . . . . . . . . . . . .

1953....................................... 37.49 40.88 34.08 41.96 32.28 32.28 . . . . . . . . . . . .

1954....................................... 44.52 46.28 39.27 47.44 37.01 37.01 . . . . . . . . . . . .

1955....................................... 45.91 48.70 46.51 49.93 38.12 38.12 . . . . . . . . . . . .

1956....................................... 47.35 50.14 47.11 50.78 39.36 39.36 . . . . . . . . . . . .

1957....................................... 49.05 51.09 47.77 51.87 40.85 40.78 $48.38 . . . . . . . . .

1958....................................... 50.53 51.91 48.84 52.83 42.10 41.98 49.63 . . . . . . . . .

1959....................................... 57.37 56.73 53.28 58.86 47.48 47.34 52.89 . . . . . . . . .

1960....................................... 59.29 57.69 53.81 60.31 51.37 51.29 54.10 . . . . . . . . .

1961....................................... 59.38 64.92 61.66 67.15 52.74 52.64 55.50 . . . . . . . . .

1962....................................... 59.38 65.88 62.12 68.18 53.57 53.47 55.99 . . . . . . . . .

1963....................................... 59.43 66.85 63.17 69.11 54.33 54.23 56.58 . . . . . . . . .

1964....................................... 59.40 67.85 63.49 70.05 54.99 54.87 57.27 . . . . . . . . .

1965....................................... 65.46 73.75 69.68 76.03 61.26 60.21 62.14 $72.98 . . . . . .

1966....................................... 65.59 74.11 70.52 76.52 61.84 60.37 62.67 71.71 . . . . . .

1967....................................... 65.86 74.99 71.22 77.23 62.57 60.99 63.37 72.33 . . . . . .

1968....................................... 74.93 86.54 82.14 88.21 70.85 68.90 73.11 81.76 $72.27 $72.40

1969....................................... 75.06 87.48 83.08 88.96 71.10 69.11 73.77 81.93 71.02 66.50

1970....................................... 86.51 102.02 96.50 103.21 82.23 79.82 85.79 94.77 81.99 73.10

1971....................................... 95.61 113.57 106.13 114.26 90.94 88.12 95.03 104.80 90.11 83.10

1972....................................... 115.45 138.19 127.98 138.95 110.36 106.87 115.25 126.63 109.50 98.80

1973....................................... 118.20 157.40 146.70 140.60 111.70 108.20 116.20 128.50 111.20 101.70

1974....................................... 134.20 177.30 164.30 157.50 126.48 122.52 130.33 144.79 125.90 118.60

1975....................................... 147.25 193.92 178.27 171.86 139.40 135.00 142.26 157.81 137.70 128.10

1976....................................... 159.77 208.99 191.78 185.07 151.94 147.49 152.88 169.80 147.00 133.80

19771 .....................................

1 Children’s data estimated.

173.80 224.30 177.10 198.30 165.70 161.50 163.60 183.10 156.20 131.60

1978....................................... 190.40 241.40 186.10 214.00 182.20 178.30 176.20 200.80 165.70 129.70

1979....................................... 212.60 269.80 209.00 238.70 205.60 201.70 195.90 226.60 180.80 133.40

1980....................................... 246.20 311.50 239.40 276.00 239.50 235.30 226.40 265.40 205.40 145.70

1981....................................... 276.70 349.80 266.80 310.40 270.90 265.70 254.00 301.70 227.20 158.80

1982....................................... 302.80 379.30 285.60 335.40 285.40 291.50 279.90 260.70 242.80 165.50

1983....................................... 308.70 397.10 295.70 349.80 298.00 307.20 289.00 233.40 251.10 166.20

1984....................................... 321.50 416.10 306.80 363.90 314.30 320.70 302.60 257.20 307.70 190.70

1985....................................... 332.50 434.00 317.80 378.20 330.50 332.60 315.50 360.80 316.60 191.80

1986....................................... 338.30 444.90 324.80 386.30 336.80 338.70 323.10 375.70 321.30 195.50

1987....................................... 352.70 468.90 340.60 407.30 352.40 353.90 340.00 400.10 335.60 202.30

1988....................................... 367.90 493.40 359.50 428.40 367.60 368.00 357.40 424.70 350.00 211.30

1989....................................... 387.60 522.60 382.00 453.50 384.90 384.30 378.10 447.90 368.90 223.60

1990....................................... 409.10 557.40 408.40 482.20 405.50 403.80 402.50 471.00 391.30 238.40

1991....................................... 424.10 584.50 428.00 506.10 420.10 417.00 421.50 486.20 409.40 260.60

1992....................................... 437.70 608.70 443.60 526.40 432.30 427.60 438.30 504.10 425.30 273.30

1993....................................... 448.40 631.70 461.50 547.20 443.10 437.00 453.70 515.00 436.90 286.20

1994....................................... 464.40 656.60 481.40 569.50 456.20 448.70 470.80 532.20 449.20 299.90

1995....................................... 477.90 681.20 500.20 590.80 468.70 459.80 487.40 546.50 461.50 307.60

1996....................................... 514.90 708.30 520.70 613.50 487.20 478.20 506.10 560.80 474.30 318.00

1997....................................... 532.00 732.50 534.50 635.70 500.00 490.10 521.30 569.60 483.90 326.90

1998....................................... 545.10 750.30 549.10 651.10 509.60 498.90 532.80 579.90 491.00 332.90

1999....................................... 565.70 776.10 572.40 673.90 526.30 515.00 550.40 595.80 503.90 340.30

2000....................................... 595.00 811.80 606.90 703.90 550.10 538.30 574.70 628.70 523.80 361.70
 5.F OASDI Current-Pay Benefits: Dependents & Survivors

CONTACT: Rona Blumenthal/Dana Nichelle Mercer (410) 965-0163/966-6377 for further information.

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 217

Table 5.F7.—Number and percentage distribution of survivors, by type of benefit and primary insurance amount, 

December 2000

[Based on 10-percent sample]

Primary insurance

amount

Widowed mothers

and fathers

Nondisabled widows

and widowers Parents

Disabled widows 

and widowers Children 

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent

Total .................................. 201,270 100.0 4,698,660 100.0 3,000 100.0 200,130 100.0 1,877,940 100.0

Less than $300.00 ....................... 5,690 2.8 36,080 .8 30 1.0 2,740 1.4 97,130 5.2

$300.00–$349.90......................... 2,240 1.1 115,230 2.5 50 1.7 2,480 1.2 65,390 3.5

$350.00–$399.90......................... 2,270 1.1 46,640 1.0 30 1.0 1,770 .9 41,620 2.2

$400.00–$449.90......................... 3,510 1.7 64,660 1.4 60 2.0 2,720 1.4 53,390 2.8

$450.00–$499.90......................... 6,940 3.4 120,680 2.6 110 3.7 5,580 2.8 104,000 5.5

$500.00–$549.90......................... 8,510 4.2 115,400 2.5 260 8.7 6,200 3.1 108,310 5.8

$550.00–$599.90......................... 8,580 4.3 120,080 2.6 90 3.0 6,680 3.3 106,460 5.7

$600.00–$649.90......................... 8,490 4.2 148,670 3.2 200 6.7 8,220 4.1 106,530 5.7

$650.00–$699.90......................... 9,630 4.8 139,610 3.0 160 5.3 8,110 4.1 102,670 5.5

$700.00–$749.90......................... 9,580 4.8 173,520 3.7 200 6.7 9,710 4.9 103,800 5.5

$750.00–$799.90......................... 10,520 5.2 195,150 4.2 160 5.3 9,660 4.8 98,990 5.3

$800.00–$849.90......................... 10,630 5.3 276,560 5.9 200 6.7 10,100 5.0 103,330 5.5

$850.00–$899.90......................... 10,450 5.2 337,180 7.2 140 4.7 10,860 5.4 98,880 5.3

$900.00–$949.90......................... 9,600 4.8 288,340 6.1 120 4.0 11,200 5.6 80,920 4.3

$950.00–$999.90......................... 9,670 4.8 336,750 7.2 110 3.7 11,580 5.8 77,370 4.1

$1,000.00–$1,049.90................... 8,970 4.5 315,090 6.7 100 3.3 11,750 5.9 69,140 3.7

$1,050.00–$1,099.90................... 8,890 4.4 298,480 6.4 90 3.0 10,680 5.3 63,280 3.4

$1,100.00–$1,149.90................... 7,580 3.8 319,260 6.8 170 5.7 10,990 5.5 55,720 3.0

$1,150.00–$1,199.90................... 7,470 3.7 308,980 6.6 90 3.0 10,380 5.2 52,700 2.8

$1,200.00–$1,249.90................... 8,320 4.1 289,930 6.2 170 5.7 12,130 6.1 53,380 2.8

$1,250.00–$1,299.90................... 9,280 4.6 265,520 5.7 170 5.7 12,850 6.4 55,130 2.9

$1,300.00 or more........................ 34,450 17.1 386,850 8.2 290 9.7 23,740 11.9 179,800 9.6
5.F OASDI Current-Pay Benefits: Dependents & Survivors 

CONTACT: Rona Blumenthal/Dana Nichelle Mercer (410) 965-0163/966-6377 for further information.

218 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Table 5.F8.—Number of widows and widowers and total monthly benefit, by type of benefit, 1950–2000

[Dollars, in thousands]

December

Total

Nondisabled–– 

Disabled

Widows Widowers widows and widowers

Number Benefit Number Benefit Number Benefit Number Benefit

1950................................................ 314,189 $11,481 314,126 $11,479 63 $2 . . . . . .

1951................................................ 384,265 13,849 384,011 13,841 254 8 . . . . . .

1952................................................ 454,563 18,482 454,064 18,466 499 17 . . . . . .

1953................................................ 540,653 22,096 539,854 22,069 799 27 . . . . . .

1954................................................ 638,091 29,526 637,012 29,483 1,079 42 . . . . . .

1955................................................ 701,360 34,152 700,294 34,103 1,066 50 . . . . . .

1956................................................ 913,069 45,780 911,841 45,722 1,228 58 . . . . . .

1957................................................ 1,095,137 55,944 1,093,645 55,872 1,492 71 . . . . . .

1958................................................ 1,232,583 63,977 1,230,953 63,897 1,630 80 . . . . . .

1959................................................ 1,393,587 79,047 1,391,686 78,946 1,901 101 . . . . . .

1960................................................ 1,543,843 89,054 1,541,790 88,943 2,053 110 . . . . . .

1961................................................ 1,697,308 110,179 1,694,977 110,035 2,331 144 . . . . . .

1962................................................ 1,859,191 122,475 1,856,658 122,318 2,533 157 . . . . . .

1963................................................ 2,010,769 134,403 2,008,102 134,234 2,667 168 . . . . . .

1964................................................ 2,158,912 146,476 2,156,143 146,300 2,769 176 . . . . . .

1965................................................ 2,371,433 174,883 2,368,629 174,688 2,804 195 . . . . . .

1966................................................ 2,602,015 192,821 2,599,178 192,620 2,837 200 . . . . . .

1967................................................ 2,769,618 207,692 2,766,736 207,487 2,882 205 . . . . . .

1968................................................ 2,937,890 253,924 2,913,376 252,123 2,951 242 21,563 $1,558

1969................................................ 3,091,710 269,799 3,049,177 266,741 3,064 255 39,469 2,803

1970................................................ 3,227,160 328,245 3,174,846 323,912 3,033 293 49,281 4,041

1971................................................ 3,366,304 380,963 3,306,528 375,528 3,033 322 56,743 5,113

1972................................................ 3,509,777 483,161 3,442,595 475,746 3,015 386 64,167 7,029

1973................................................ 3,656,353 571,654 3,574,458 562,441 3,126 459 78,769 8,754

1974................................................ 3,769,559 663,569 3,674,376 651,471 3,055 502 92,128 11,596

1975................................................ 3,888,705 747,902 3,776,090 732,269 3,104 553 109,511 15,080

1976................................................ 3,994,380 827,325 3,871,894 809,181 3,059 587 119,427 17,557

1977................................................ 4,119,487 914,738 3,980,324 892,764 11,887 2,105 127,276 19,869

1978................................................ 4,211,710 1,005,929 4,066,673 981,615 15,287 2,845 129,751 21,469

1979................................................ 4,321,496 1,153,272 4,173,745 1,126,089 17,918 3,745 129,833 23,438

1980................................................ 4,410,515 1,358,836 4,262,607 1,327,814 20,328 4,866 127,580 26,156

1981................................................ 4,507,941 1,560,103 4,363,708 1,526,511 22,643 6,042 121,590 27,550

1982................................................ 4,594,961 1,724,392 4,453,575 1,689,073 25,014 7,144 116,372 28,175

1983................................................ 4,693,791 1,844,798 4,554,414 1,808,647 27,786 8,216 111,591 27,935

1984................................................ 4,779,190 1,973,203 4,640,805 1,930,807 29,234 8,970 109,151 33,426

1985................................................ 4,862,805 2,094,003 4,725,618 2,050,678 30,182 9,592 107,005 33,734

1986................................................ 4,928,019 2,175,345 4,789,969 2,131,049 31,076 10,092 106,974 34,204

1987................................................ 4,983,846 2,318,747 4,846,135 2,272,557 31,429 10,703 106,282 35,487

1988................................................ 5,028,822 2,461,945 4,892,829 2,414,239 32,870 11,816 103,123 35,892

1989................................................ 5,070,873 2,629,728 4,935,911 2,579,726 33,332 12,731 101,630 37,270

1990................................................ 5,111,482 2,827,012 4,976,420 2,773,818 34,073 13,916 100,989 39,278

1991................................................ 5,158,383 2,989,385 5,008,789 2,927,768 35,105 15,024 114,489 46,593

1992................................................ 5,205,375 3,138,250 5,037,583 3,066,568 36,468 16,178 131,324 55,504

1993................................................ 5,224,279 3,264,849 5,039,874 3,183,768 37,390 17,255 147,015 63,826

1994................................................ 5,232,379 3,394,982 5,034,219 3,305,229 37,484 18,043 160,676 71,710

1995................................................ 5,225,519 3,514,262 5,014,991 3,416,203 37,504 18,759 173,024 79,300

1996................................................ 5,209,812 3,639,632 4,990,079 3,534,268 37,822 19,692 181,911 85,671

1997................................................ 5,053,442 3,646,898 4,829,456 3,537,348 36,048 19,268 187,938 90,282

1998................................................ 4,989,855 3,685,349 4,759,829 3,571,047 35,845 19,683 194,181 94,619

1999................................................ 4,943,915 3,774,601 4,709,091 3,654,598 36,029 20,624 198,795 99,380

2000................................................ 4,901,437 3,912,527 4,663,228 3,785,532 36,782 22,322 201,427 104,674
5.F OASDI Current-Pay Benefits: Dependents & Survivors

CONTACT: Rona Blumenthal/Dana Nichelle Mercer (410) 965-0163/966-6377 for further information.

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 219

Table 5.F9.—Number, percent, and average monthly 

benefit, by year of entitlement as nondisabled widow 

or widower, December 2000

[Based on 10-percent sample]

Year of

entitlement

Number

as of

December

2000

Percentage

distribution

Cumulative

percent 1

 1 Represents those entitled in specified year or later.

Average

monthly

benefit

 Total ............. . 4,698,660 100.0 . . . $810.20

1995–2000.................. 1,610,790 34.3 . . . 864.70

1990–1994................. . 1,063,290 22.6 . . . 846.80

1985–1989................. . 865,750 18.4 . . . 801.10

1980–1984.................. 611,090 13.0 . . . 747.60

1975–1979.................. 320,440 6.8 . . . 683.60

1970–1974.................. 160,290 3.4 . . . 639.10

1965–1969................. . 59,930 1.3 . . . 626.20

Before 1965 ................ 7,080 .2 . . . 602.90

2000............................ 281,940 6.0 6.0 875.30

1999............................ 295,630 6.3 12.3 861.40

1998............................ 280,800 6.0 18.3 864.60

1997............................ 263,500 5.6 23.9 862.20

1996............................ 251,850 5.4 29.2 860.80

1995............................ 237,070 5.0 34.3 863.00

1994........................... . 229,050 4.9 39.2 863.50

1993............................ 221,720 4.7 43.9 854.20

1992............................ 212,070 4.5 48.4 850.40

1991............................ 203,640 4.3 52.7 834.20

1990............................ 196,810 4.2 56.9 828.20

1989............................ 185,880 4.0 60.9 820.50

1988............................ 179,840 3.8 64.7 812.40

1987............................ 173,660 3.7 68.4 802.10

1986............................ 168,520 3.6 72.0 787.30

1985............................ 157,850 3.4 75.3 778.90

1984............................ 147,730 3.1 78.5 768.40

1983............................ 136,620 2.9 81.4 753.30

1982............................ 120,190 2.6 83.9 749.30

1981............................ 111,700 2.4 86.3 733.20

1980............................ 94,850 2.0 88.3 722.20

1979............................ 83,610 1.8 90.1 708.20

1978............................ 72,450 1.5 91.7 697.70

1977............................ 56,770 1.2 92.9 682.30

1976............................ 57,660 1.2 94.1 657.00

1975............................ 49,950 1.1 95.2 654.40

1974............................ 42,780 .9 96.1 649.00

1973............................ 37,360 .8 96.9 639.60

1972............................ 31,120 .7 97.5 635.50

1971............................ 27,020 .6 98.1 631.30

1970............................ 22,010 .5 98.6 633.20

1969............................ 17,010 .4 98.9 637.10

1968............................ 14,190 .3 99.2 627.40

1967............................ 10,930 .2 99.5 623.80

1964............................ 8,210 .2 99.6 619.00

1965............................ 9,590 .2 99.8 614.00

Table 5.F10.—Number, percent, and average monthly 

benefit, by year of entitlement as disabled widow 

or widower, December 2000

[Based on 10-percent sample]

Year of

entitlement

Number

as of

December

2000

Percentage

distribution

Cumulative

percent 1

 1 Represents those entitled in specified year or later.

Average

monthly

benefit

Total........................ 200,130 100.0 . . . $518.90

1996–2000 ...................... 105,100 52.5 . . . 515.60

1991–1995 ...................... 81,010 40.5 . . . 522.00

1986–1990 ...................... 14,020 7.0 . . . 525.90

2000 ................................ 13,360 6.7 6.7 511.40

1999 ................................ 22,840 11.4 18.1 525.20

1998 ................................ 23,090 11.5 29.6 519.20

1997 ................................ 23,080 11.5 41.2 511.50

1996 ................................ 22,730 11.4 52.5 508.90

1995 ................................ 20,020 10.0 62.5 521.20

1994 ................................ 19,010 9.5 72.0 521.30

1993 ................................ 15,450 7.7 79.7 517.00

1992 ................................ 12,700 6.3 86.1 527.60

1991 ................................ 13,830 6.9 93.0 524.80

1990 ................................ 4,860 2.4 95.4 548.50

1989 ................................ 3,840 1.9 97.3 520.90

1988 ................................ 2,400 1.2 98.5 510.90

1987 ................................ 1,820 .9 99.5 522.60

1986 ................................ 1,100 .5 100.0 481.20
5.F OASDI Current-Pay Benefits: Dependents & Survivors 

CONTACT: Rona Blumenthal/Dana Nichelle Mercer (410) 965-0163/966-6377 for further information.

220 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Table 5.F11.—Number and percentage distribution of nondisabled widows, by monthly benefit and age,

December 2000

[Based on 10-percent sample] 

Monthly benefit Total

Age attained during 2000

60–61 62–64 65–69 70–74 75–79 80–84 85–89 90 or older

Total number ........................ 4,661,540 128,420 316,750 693,230 809,890 940,570 799,700 576,030 396,950

Total percent ........................ 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Less than $300.00 .......................... 3.3 3.7 4.3 3.5 3.6 3.6 3.2 3.1 1.7

$300.00–$349.90............................ 2.3 1.8 1.6 1.6 1.8 2.1 2.3 2.8 4.7

$350.00–$399.90............................ 2.4 2.8 2.5 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.4 2.5 2.2

$400.00–$449.90............................ 2.8 3.0 3.1 2.6 2.6 2.7 2.7 3.0 3.3

$450.00–$499.90............................ 3.4 3.5 3.4 3.1 3.1 3.2 3.4 3.6 4.4

$500.00–$549.90............................ 3.7 3.9 3.7 3.4 3.4 3.7 3.7 4.1 4.4

$550.00–$599.90............................ 4.5 4.6 4.4 4.1 4.0 4.5 4.8 4.9 4.8

$600.00–$649.90............................ 5.5 5.5 5.0 5.0 5.1 5.5 5.8 6.8 5.7

$650.00–$699.90............................ 6.2 5.8 6.1 5.4 5.8 6.3 6.4 7.0 7.4

$700.00–$749.90............................ 6.8 6.9 6.7 6.3 6.3 6.7 6.6 7.0 9.5

$750.00–$799.90............................ 7.1 6.9 7.2 6.9 7.0 7.0 6.3 7.2 9.2

$800.00–$849.90............................ 7.7 7.5 7.6 7.8 8.3 8.2 6.6 7.0 9.1

$850.00–$899.90............................ 8.2 8.9 9.2 9.6 9.4 7.6 6.8 6.7 8.7

$900.00–$949.90............................ 7.5 9.8 10.8 9.2 7.5 7.5 6.4 5.9 5.9

$950.00–$999.90............................ 6.3 8.5 8.8 6.6 6.3 6.1 5.8 5.6 5.5

$1,000.00–$1,049.90...................... 5.1 7.0 6.0 5.6 5.8 4.9 5.0 4.5 3.3

$1,050.00–$1,099.90...................... 3.8 5.1 4.2 4.5 4.3 3.8 3.8 3.3 2.2

$1,100.00–$1,149.90...................... 2.9 3.2 2.5 3.4 3.2 3.2 3.0 2.5 1.3

$1,150.00–$1,199.90...................... 2.3 1.1 1.3 2.5 2.9 2.8 2.5 1.9 1.0

$1,200.00–$1,249.90...................... 1.9 .4 .7 2.3 2.4 2.1 2.4 1.8 .8

$1,250.00–$1,299.90...................... 1.6 .2 .4 1.8 1.7 1.7 2.3 1.8 .7

$1,300.00 or more........................... 4.6 2 .6 2.8 3.2 4.5 8.1 7.3 4.3

Average benefit ............................. $811.80 $773.90 $774.10 $814.30 $815.10 $813.70 $842.00 $817.80 $769.30
5.F OASDI Current-Pay Benefits: Dependents & Survivors

CONTACT: Rona Blumenthal/Dana Nichelle Mercer (410) 965-0163/966-6377 for further information.

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 221

Table 5.F12.—Number of widowed mothers and fathers and total monthly benefit, by type of benefit, 1950–2000

[Dollars, in thousands]

December

Total

Widowed

Surviving

 divorced

Total mothers and fathers

With at least 

1 child

under age 161

1 Prior to August 1981, benefits were payable to mothers and fathers caring for a child under age 18. For mothers and fathers caring for a child who was at least age 14 and 

who were entitled in August 1981, benefits were continued until the child attained age 18 or September 1983, whichever came earlier.

Entitled solely

 because of 

at least 1 disabled child 2

2 Excludes mothers and fathers who had both disabled and nondisabled entitled children in their care.

Number Benefit Number Benefit Number Benefit Number Benefit Number Benefit

1950....................................... 169,438 $5,801 169,426 $5,800 169,426 $5,800 . . . . . . 12 3 (3)

3 Less than $500.

1951....................................... 203,782 6,776 203,662 6,771 203,662 6,771 . . . . . . 120 $4

1952....................................... 228,984 8,273 228,815 8,266 228,815 8,266 . . . . . . 169 7

1953....................................... 253,873 9,517 253,670 9,508 253,670 9,508 . . . . . . 203 9

1954....................................... 271,536 12,089 271,313 12,078 271,313 12,078 . . . . . . 223 11

1955....................................... 291,916 13,403 291,656 13,389 291,656 13,389 . . . . . . 260 14

1956....................................... 301,240 14,262 300,978 14,248 300,978 14,248 . . . . . . 262 14

1957....................................... 328,309 16,102 328,018 16,087 325,636 15,958 2,382 $129 291 16

1958....................................... 353,964 17,887 353,650 17,869 349,649 17,649 4,001 220 314 18

1959....................................... 376,145 21,579 375,819 21,557 370,545 21,245 5,274 312 326 22

1960....................................... 401,358 23,795 400,976 23,768 394,560 23,383 6,416 385 382 27

1961....................................... 428,138 25,425 427,699 25,395 420,258 24,938 7,441 457 439 30

1962....................................... 451,984 26,838 451,520 26,805 443,182 26,290 8,338 515 464 33

1963....................................... 461,675 27,438 461,211 27,405 452,106 26,830 9,105 575 464 32

1964....................................... 470,597 27,954 470,100 27,290 460,348 27,295 9,752 625 497 34

1965....................................... 471,816 30,882 471,286 30,842 461,011 30,132 10,275 710 530 40

1966....................................... 487,755 31,983 486,958 31,927 476,275 31,188 10,683 739 797 56

1967....................................... 496,307 32,686 495,308 32,616 483,808 31,791 11,500 825 999 71

1968....................................... 504,916 37,833 503,774 37,743 492,674 36,849 11,100 894 1,142 90

1969....................................... 511,639 38,406 510,355 38,305 499,324 37,402 11,031 902 1,284 101

1970....................................... 523,136 45,258 521,698 45,127 510,215 44,039 11,483 1,089 1,438 131

1971....................................... 535,126 51,163 533,560 51,055 520,301 49,603 13,259 1,402 1,566 158

1972....................................... 540,965 62,457 539,153 62,237 526,548 60,612 12,605 1,625 1,812 220

1973....................................... 571,907 67,578 565,327 66,823 551,509 64,985 13,818 1,838 6,580 754

1974....................................... 573,506 76,980 562,801 75,605 544,335 72,914 18,466 2,692 10,705 1,374

1975....................................... 581,845 85,676 565,941 83,435 544,886 80,068 21,075 3,366 15,904 2,241

1976....................................... 578,727 92,466 558,933 89,400 537,002 85,637 21,931 3,764 19,794 3,065

1977....................................... 583,195 101,345 558,886 97,227 536,481 93,091 22,405 4,136 24,309 4,117

1978....................................... 576,343 109,714 548,463 104,506 525,879 100,028 22,584 4,478 27,880 5,209

1979....................................... 573,750 121,957 541,480 115,284 518,564 110,235 22,916 5,049 32,270 6,674

1980....................................... 562,316 138,426 525,661 129,754 502,639 123,885 23,022 5,869 36,655 8,671

1981....................................... 547,593 151,509 507,777 140,990 484,427 134,299 23,350 6,691 39,816 10,518

1982....................................... 514,772 155,876 474,003 144,207 451,159 137,068 22,844 7,139 40,769 11,669

1983....................................... 400,298 123,559 363,946 112,979 339,367 104,956 24,579 8,022 36,352 10,581

1984....................................... 382,411 122,957 346,319 112,002 318,076 102,391 28,243 9,612 36,092 10,995

1985....................................... 371,659 123,557 335,085 112,117 306,004 101,812 29,081 10,304 36,574 11,440

1986....................................... 350,546 118,602 315,572 107,470 286,290 96,887 29,282 10,583 34,974 11,132

1987....................................... 340,940 115,967 307,581 104,888 278,582 93,871 28,999 11,017 33,359 11,079

1988....................................... 317,761 116,902 285,265 105,596 256,463 94,096 28,802 11,500 32,496 11,306

1989....................................... 312,079 120,970 280,006 109,184 251,646 97,170 28,360 12,014 32,073 11,786

1990....................................... 303,923 124,340 272,526 112,103 244,965 99,683 27,561 12,420 31,397 12,237

1991....................................... 300,661 127,510 269,679 114,962 242,379 102,085 27,300 12,877 30,982 12,548

1992....................................... 294,716 128,748 263,630 115,884 236,990 102,840 26,640 13,045 30,546 12,864

1993....................................... 289,350 129,752 259,320 116,771 232,794 103,365 26,526 13,407 30,030 12,981

1994....................................... 283,072 131,463 253,928 118,399 227,709 104,658 26,219 13,741 29,144 13,064

1995....................................... 275,020 131,430 247,113 118,550 221,494 104,664 25,619 13,886 27,907 12,881

1996....................................... 242,135 124,678 218,171 112,627 193,664 98,799 24,507 13,828 23,964 12,051

1997....................................... 230,222 122,488 207,658 110,774 184,184 97,120 23,474 13,654 22,564 11,714

1998....................................... 220,610 120,247 199,447 109,001 176,660 95,491 22,787 13,510 21,163 11,246

1999....................................... 212,401 120,157 192,544 109,195 170,572 95,732 21,972 13,463 19,857 10,962

2000....................................... 203,052 120,812 184,397 109,941 164,420 97,063 19,977 12,878 18,655 10,871
5.F OASDI Current-Pay Benefits: Dependents & Survivors 

CONTACT: Barbara Lingg/Salvatore Gallicchio (410) 965-0156/0158 for further information.

222 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Table 5.F13.—Number and average monthly benefit for nondisabled widows aged 65 or older, by reduction status and 

limitation of benefit, December 2000

 [Based on 10-percent sample]

Age Number

Average

monthly

benefit

Benefits not reduced due to early retirement of widow

Benefits reduced due to 

early retirement of widow

Number

Average

monthly

benefit

Benefits not limited due to 

early retirement of spouse

Benefits limited due to

 early retirement of spouse

Number

Average

monthly

benefit Number

Average

monthly

benefit Number

Average

monthly

benefit

 Total ................... 4,216,370 $815.80 1,954,430 $910.20 996,840 $1,009.00 957,590 $807.30 1 2,261,940

1 Includes 151,820 widows with benefits also limited due to early retirement of spouse.

$734.30

65–69...................... 693,230 814.30 123,260 951.90 86,600 991.30 36,660 858.80 569,970 784.50

65 ........................ 135,490 800.40 13,470 974.90 11,650 991.00 1,820 871.90 122,020 781.20

66 ........................ 135,810 820.50 20,490 976.30 16,000 1,006.00 4,490 870.30 115,320 792.80

67 ........................ 133,970 815.50 24,000 942.80 17,020 982.50 6,980 845.90 109,970 787.70

68 ........................ 141,780 816.10 29,840 944.40 19,910 984.10 9,930 864.80 111,940 781.90

69 ........................ 146,180 818.50 35,460 941.60 22,020 994.10 13,440 855.40 110,720 779.10

70–74...................... 809,890 815.10 268,700 922.70 143,890 991.50 124,810 843.40 541,190 761.70

70 ........................ 150,940 817.00 41,590 924.30 23,640 990.20 17,950 837.60 109,350 776.20

71 ........................ 151,150 820.00 45,850 934.30 25,640 991.20 20,210 862.30 105,300 770.20

72 ........................ 159,610 817.00 52,870 924.40 28,290 993.30 24,580 845.00 106,740 763.80

73 ........................ 171,110 812.10 60,840 915.30 31,590 984.00 29,250 841.10 110,270 755.10

74 ........................ 177,080 810.70 67,550 919.10 34,730 997.80 32,820 835.80 109,530 743.80

75–79...................... 940,570 813.70 429,880 917.50 206,900 1,017.00 222,980 825.20 510,690 726.30

75 ........................ 178,360 808.80 72,100 911.70 34,750 1,002.30 37,350 827.40 106,260 739.00

76 ........................ 189,010 805.40 82,700 905.50 40,240 994.70 42,460 821.00 106,310 727.60

77 ........................ 186,690 811.40 84,950 915.20 41,160 1,013.30 43,790 822.90 101,740 724.70

78 ........................ 190,390 817.40 91,650 922.60 44,260 1,025.80 47,390 826.20 98,740 719.80

79 ........................ 196,120 824.60 98,480 929.00 46,490 1,042.20 51,990 827.80 97,640 719.30

80–84...................... 799,700 842.00 462,140 947.40 214,560 1,077.30 247,580 834.80 337,560 697.80

80 ........................ 187,070 835.50 99,070 941.40 46,750 1,063.00 52,320 832.70 88,000 716.20

81 ........................ 165,910 837.30 92,330 944.10 43,030 1,068.30 49,300 835.70 73,580 703.20

82 ........................ 159,900 851.30 93,880 956.70 43,110 1,099.80 50,770 835.20 66,020 701.50

83 ........................ 145,490 850.60 88,040 955.50 41,550 1,086.00 46,490 838.90 57,450 689.70

84 ........................ 141,330 836.90 88,820 939.50 40,120 1,070.20 48,700 831.90 52,510 663.30

85–89...................... 576,030 817.80 383,990 904.70 181,220 1,039.30 202,770 784.50 192,040 644.00

85 ........................ 135,180 832.70 87,620 930.60 40,530 1,071.30 47,090 809.40 47,560 652.50

86 ........................ 125,790 827.00 82,340 922.30 38,690 1,066.50 43,650 794.50 43,450 646.50

87 ........................ 116,450 817.90 77,770 904.60 36,490 1,041.80 41,280 783.20 38,680 643.70

88 ........................ 106,430 804.90 72,420 884.50 33,800 1,016.20 38,620 769.20 34,010 635.40

89 ........................ 92,180 798.00 63,840 869.80 31,710 987.00 32,130 754.10 28,340 636.40

90 or older............... 396,950 769.30 286,460 817.00 163,670 900.80 122,790 705.40 110,490 645.80
 5.G OASDI Current-Pay Benefits: Retired Workers with Dual Entitlement

CONTACT: Barbara Lingg/Salvatore Gallicchio (410) 965-0156/0158 for further information.

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 223

Table 5.G1.—Number and percentage distribution of persons receiving both a retired-worker and secondary benefit with 

and without reduction for early retirement, by primary insurance amount and sex, December 2000

 [Based on 10-percent sample]

Primary insurance

amount and sex

Total

Without reduction for early

retirement

With reduction for early

retirement

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent

Total ............................................ 6,009,800 100.0 1,060,100 100.0 4,949,700 100.0

Less than $250.00 ................................. 742,520 12.4 107,190 10.1 635,330 12.8

$250.00–$299.90................................... 411,240 6.8 58,330 5.5 352,910 7.1

$300.00–$349.90................................... 635,300 10.6 107,190 10.1 528,110 10.7

$350.00–$399.90................................... 384,730 6.4 62,500 5.9 322,230 6.5

$400.00–$449.90................................... 509,670 8.5 85,460 8.1 424,210 8.6

$450.00–$499.90................................... 726,780 12.1 127,550 12.0 599,230 12.1

$500.00–$549.90................................... 596,960 9.9 106,000 10.0 490,960 9.9

$550.00–$599.90................................... 459,480 7.6 87,970 8.3 371,510 7.5

$600.00–$649.90................................... 384,230 6.4 74,340 7.0 309,890 6.3

$650.00–$699.90................................... 247,750 4.1 49,940 4.7 197,810 4.0

$700.00–$749.90................................... 198,780 3.3 41,140 3.9 157,640 3.2

$750.00–$799.90................................... 163,250 2.7 34,430 3.2 128,820 2.6

$800.00–$849.90................................... 134,240 2.2 28,390 2.7 105,850 2.1

$850.00–$899.90................................... 113,920 1.9 24,410 2.3 89,510 1.8

$900.00–$949.90................................... 85,760 1.4 17,220 1.6 68,540 1.4

$950.00–$999.90................................... 68,300 1.1 13,620 1.3 54,680 1.1

$1,000.00–$1,049.90............................. 48,970 .8 9,470 .9 39,500 .8

$1,050.00–$1,099.90............................. 33,790 .6 6,770 .6 27,020 .5

$1,100.00 or more.................................. 64,130 1.1 18,180 1.7 45,950 .9

Men ................................................ 113,410 100.0 29,050 100.0 84,360 100.0

Less than $250.00 ................................. 8,690 7.7 3,920 13.5 4,770 5.7

$250.00–$299.90................................... 3,850 3.4 1,400 4.8 2,450 2.9

$300.00–$349.90................................... 7,600 6.7 2,800 9.6 4,800 5.7

$350.00–$399.90................................... 3,800 3.4 1,360 4.7 2,440 2.9

$400.00–$449.90................................... 5,700 5.0 1,970 6.8 3,730 4.4

$450.00–$499.90................................... 8,140 7.2 2,490 8.6 5,650 6.7

$500.00–$549.90................................... 7,240 6.4 2,090 7.2 5,150 6.1

$550.00–$599.90................................... 6,320 5.6 1,850 6.4 4,470 5.3

$600.00–$649.90................................... 6,360 5.6 1,450 5.0 4,910 5.8

$650.00–$699.90................................... 4,920 4.3 870 3.0 4,050 4.8

$700.00–$749.90................................... 5,070 4.5 930 3.2 4,140 4.9

$750.00–$799.90................................... 5,150 4.5 940 3.2 4,210 5.0

$800.00–$849.90................................... 4,640 4.1 870 3.0 3,770 4.5

$850.00–$899.90................................... 5,000 4.4 1,010 3.5 3,990 4.7

$900.00–$949.90................................... 5,200 4.6 750 2.6 4,450 5.3

$950.00–$999.90................................... 5,290 4.7 970 3.3 4,320 5.1

$1,000.00–$1,049.90............................. 4,810 4.2 740 2.5 4,070 4.8

$1,050.00–$1,099.90............................. 4,040 3.6 560 1.9 3,480 4.1

$1,100.00 or more.................................. 11,590 10.2 2,080 7.2 9,510 11.3

Women ........................................... 5,896,390 100.0 1,031,050 100.0 4,865,340 100.0

Less than $250.00 ................................. 733,830 12.4 103,270 10.0 630,560 13.0

$250.00–$299.90................................... 407,390 6.9 56,930 5.5 350,460 7.2

$300.00–$349.90................................... 627,700 10.6 104,390 10.1 523,310 10.8

$350.00–$399.90................................... 380,930 6.5 61,140 5.9 319,790 6.6

$400.00–$449.90................................... 503,970 8.5 83,490 8.1 420,480 8.6

$450.00–$499.90................................... 718,640 12.2 125,060 12.1 593,580 12.2

$500.00–$549.90................................... 589,720 10.0 103,910 10.1 485,810 10.0

$550.00–$599.90................................... 453,160 7.7 86,120 8.4 367,040 7.5

$600.00–$649.90................................... 377,870 6.4 72,890 7.1 304,980 6.3

$650.00–$699.90................................... 242,830 4.1 49,070 4.8 193,760 4.0

$700.00–$749.90................................... 193,710 3.3 40,210 3.9 153,500 3.2

$750.00–$799.90................................... 158,100 2.7 33,490 3.2 124,610 2.6

$800.00–$849.90................................... 129,600 2.2 27,520 2.7 102,080 2.1

$850.00–$899.90................................... 108,920 1.8 23,400 2.3 85,520 1.8

$900.00–$949.90................................... 80,560 1.4 16,470 1.6 64,090 1.3

$950.00–$999.90................................... 63,010 1.1 12,650 1.2 50,360 1.0

$1,000.00–$1,049.90............................. 44,160 .7 8,730 .8 35,430 .7

$1,050.00–$1,099.90............................. 29,750 .5 6,210 .6 23,540 .5

$1,100.00 or more.................................. 52,540 .9 16,100 1.6 36,440 .7
5.G OASDI Current-Pay Benefits: Retired Workers with Dual Entitlement

CONTACT: Barbara Lingg/Salvatore Gallicchio (410) 965-0156/0158 for further information.

224 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Table 5.G2.—Number receiving both a retired-worker and secondary benefit, by type of secondary benefit, 1952–2000

December1

1 Data not available for 1981.

Total

Women Men

Total Wife’s benefits Widow’s benefits

Parent’s

benefits Total

Husband’s

benefits

Widower’s

benefits

Parent’s

Number benefits

Percent of

all women

retired

workers Number

Percent of

all entitled

to wife’s

benefits

because

of age Number

Percent of

all entitled

to widow’s

benefits

1952................ 36,132 35,402 6.0 14,131 6.0 20,850 4.4 421 730 258 83 389

1953................ 54,798 53,631 6.8 23,355 2.7 29,668 5.2 608 1,167 529 148 490

1954................ 79,689 77,978 8.0 34,225 3.4 42,899 6.3 854 1,711 827 257 627

1955................ 108,551 106,320 8.7 49,637 4.2 55,664 7.4 1,019 2,231 1,224 342 665

1956................ 143,284 140,603 9.1 68,766 4.8 70,601 7.2 1,236 2,681 1,542 426 713

1957................ 194,501 190,951 9.6 102,522 5.6 86,951 7.4 1,478 3,550 2,152 578 820

1958................ 229,599 225,790 9.8 124,504 6.1 99,669 7.5 1,617 3,809 2,421 634 754

1959................ 268,900 264,434 10.2 141,831 6.4 120,458 8.0 2,145 4,466 2,794 772 900

1960................ 307,736 302,646 10.6 159,032 6.8 141,218 8.4 2,396 5,090 3,197 911 982

1961................ 335,243 330,727 10.5 159,587 6.6 169,264 9.1 1,876 4,516 2,652 1,090 774

1962................ 427,085 421,535 12.1 204,445 7.9 214,371 10.4 2,719 5,550 3,229 1,330 991

1963................ 502,839 496,639 13.2 138,081 8.9 255,408 11.3 3,150 6,200 3,597 1,543 1,060

1964................ 577,954 571,144 14.2 269,657 9.9 297,929 12.1 3,558 6,810 3,940 1,752 1,118

1965 2 .............

2 Distributions by type of secondary benefit are estimated.

618,730 611,610 14.3 282,940 10.3 324,930 12.3 3,740 7,120 4,110 1,910 1,100

1966 2.............. 706,860 699,080 15.1 315,550 11.2 379,440 13.2 4,090 7,780 4,470 2,260 1,050

1967 2 ............. 770,190 760,950 15.7 334,200 11.8 422,480 13.8 4,270 9,240 5,190 3,070 980

1968 2 ............. 842,560 831,760 16.3 354,750 12.4 472,590 14.5 4,420 10,800 5,810 4,110 880

1969 2 ............. 920,250 909,720 17.0 376,520 13.0 528,660 15.3 4,540 10,530 5,620 4,160 750

1970 2 ............. 977,340 966,780 17.1 388,210 13.3 573,950 15.9 4,620 10,560 5,530 4,400 630

1971 2 ............. 1,069,940 1,060,120 17.7 411,710 13.8 643,730 16.9 4,680 9,820 5,130 4,170 520

1972 2 ............. 1,183,369 1,170,286 18.5 477,333 15.5 688,087 17.3 4,866 13,083 6,797 5,442 844

1973................ 1,377,080 1,361,360 20.2 562,111 17.7 794,001 22.2 5,248 15,710 7,966 6,986 758

1974 2 ............. 1,534,583 1,516,326 21.3 554,844 17.1 956,662 21.4 4,820 18,257 6,592 11,080 585

1975................ 1,679,825 1,660,451 22.4 616,669 18.4 1,038,992 22.3 4,790 19,374 9,920 8,690 764

1976 2 ............. 1,827,928 1,812,008 23.4 669,792 19.5 1,137,251 23.4 4,965 15,920 7,497 7,779 644

1977................ 2,026,534 1,991,915 24.6 762,250 21.4 1,225,344 24.3 4,321 34,619 14,557 19,544 518

1978................ 2,208,490 2,163,011 25.7 836,004 22.8 1,322,897 25.3 4,110 45,479 17,832 27,192 455

1979................ 2,435,848 2,380,260 27.1 917,747 24.4 1,458,611 26.6 3,902 55,588 20,179 35,004 405

1980................ 2,660,037 2,594,467 28.5 1,015,672 26.2 1,575,085 27.8 3,710 65,570 22,597 42,580 393

1982................ 3,109,239 3,031,518 31.1 1,239,736 29.8 1,788,556 29.5 3,226 77,721 24,787 52,604 330

1983................ 3,355,148 3,267,890 32.5 1,369,396 31.6 1,895,579 30.3 2,915 87,258 27,449 59,518 291

1984................ 3,568,639 3,479,191 33.7 1,479,756 33.2 1,996,805 31.0 2,630 89,448 27,189 62,011 248

1985................ 3,801,183 3,708,856 34.9 1,594,226 34.7 2,112,245 31.8 2,385 92,327 26,912 65,202 213

1986................ 4,032,760 3,934,811 36.1 1,719,449 36.2 2,213,225 32.5 2,137 97,949 27,693 70,064 192

1987................ 4,214,214 4,116,759 36.9 1,804,946 37.3 2,309,899 33.1 1,914 97,455 26,928 70,359 168

1988................ 4,403,012 4,302,714 37.9 1,892,763 38.5 2,408,232 33.8 1,719 100,298 27,210 72,942 146

1989................ 4,590,475 4,487,314 38.7 1,982,095 39.5 2,503,679 34.4 1,540 103,161 27,484 75,543 134

1990................ 4,783,122 4,677,680 39.5 2,076,737 40.5 2,599,560 35.1 1,383 105,442 27,463 77,862 117

1991................ 4,959,610 4,852,656 40.2 2,158,022 41.5 2,693,388 35.7 1,246 106,954 27,195 79,654 105

1992................ 5,140,627 5,032,206 41.0 2,242,029 42.3 2,789,029 36.3 1,148 108,421 26,849 81,475 97

1993 3 .............

3 Based on 10-percent sample.

5,285,960 5,176,650 41.6 2,312,000 43.1 2,863,510 37.0 1,140 109,310 26,330 82,920 60

1994 3 ............. 5,419,910 5,308,300 42.1 2,359,470 43.9 2,947,820 37.6 1,010 111,610 26,920 84,660 30

1995 3 ............. 5,533,200 5,420,320 42.5 2,397,710 44.5 3,021,720 38.0 890 112,880 26,660 86,190 30

1996 3 ............. 5,629,780 5,517,510 42.8 2,429,520 45.3 3,087,130 38.3 860 112,270 25,750 86,480 40

1997 3 ............. 5,729,620 5,617,590 42.7 2,461,060 46.0 3,155,760 39.6 770 112,030 24,540 87,460 30

1998 3 ............. 5,810,410 5,699,080 42.8 2,482,950 46.7 3,215,380 40.4 750 111,330 23,740 87,560 30

1999 3 ............. 5,883,950 5,772,260 42.9 2,499,200 47.3 3,272,420 41.0 640 111,690 23,560 88,100 30

2000 3 ............. 6,009,800 5,896,390 42.9 2,568,470 48.2 3,327,360 41.6 560 113,410 24,660 88,720 30
 5.G OASDI Current-Pay Benefits: Retired Workers with Dual Entitlement

CONTACT: Barbara Lingg/Salvatore Gallicchio (410) 965-0156/0158 for further information.

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 225

Table 5.G3.—Number and average monthly benefit for persons receiving both a retired-worker and secondary benefit, by 

type of secondary benefit, December 2000

 [Based on 10-percent sample]

Secondary benefit Number

Average monthly benefit

Total benefit

Retiredworker benefitReduced

secondary benefit

Total ........................................................................ 6,009,800 $760.20 $421.30 $338.90

Wives and husbands.......................................................... 2,593,130 506.90 333.70 173.20

Wives ............................................................................. 2,568,470 507.60 333.80 173.80

Of retired workers....................................................... 2,536,710 508.00 333.90 174.10

Of disabled workers.................................................... 31,760 481.00 327.30 153.70

Husbands....................................................................... 24,660 438.90 323.10 115.80

Of retired workers....................................................... 23,840 441.10 325.10 116.00

Of disabled workers.................................................... 820 377.00 266.60 110.40

Widows and widowers ....................................................... 3,416,080 952.40 487.80 464.60

Widows........................................................................... 3,327,360 954.30 483.20 471.10

Widowers ....................................................................... 88,720 879.60 661.00 218.60

Parents............................................................................... 590 835.10 412.00 423.10

Table 5.G4.—Number, combined average monthly benefit, and retired-worker benefit as percent of total combined benefit, 

December 2000

[Based on 10-percent sample]

Total combined

monthly benefit 

Number dually entitled as— Average combined monthly benefit

Retired-worker benefit as percent of

combined monthly benefit

Wives or

husbands 1

 1 Includes 24,660 husbands.

Widows or

widowers 2

 2 Includes 88,720 widowers.

Wives or

husbands

Widows or

widowers

Wives or

husbands

Widows or

widowers

 Total............................................... 2,593,130 3,416,080 $504.50 $957.60 66 51

Less than $200.00 ................................. 22,900 2,620 157.70 154.20 80 78

$200.00–$249.90................................... 29,870 3,420 226.20 226.80 75 75

$250.00–$299.90................................... 49,580 10,130 276.10 277.70 72 77

$300.00–$349.90................................... 83,220 18,000 326.80 324.40 69 77

$350.00–$399.90................................... 154,580 22,550 377.50 376.50 68 72

$400.00–$449.90................................... 331,340 34,820 427.80 426.20 67 70

$450.00–$499.90................................... 578,450 53,240 476.40 476.00 67 69

$500.00–$549.90................................... 594,310 63,250 522.50 525.40 69 68

$550.00–$599.90................................... 334,640 78,270 572.10 575.20 67 66

$600.00–$649.90................................... 206,110 102,070 622.50 625.40 64 64

$650.00–$699.90................................... 111,040 118,920 671.60 675.80 61 63

$700.00–$749.90................................... 57,660 155,150 722.00 725.70 59 62

$750.00–$799.90................................... 17,250 202,250 770.00 775.20 53 60

$800.00–$849.90................................... 6,130 253,520 823.30 824.50 48 59

$850.00–$899.90................................... 4,040 301,520 872.80 873.90 47 57

$900.00–$949.90................................... 2,890 315,350 922.10 924.80 49 53

$950.00–$999.90................................... 2,120 301,510 974.20 974.00 46 52

$1,000.00–$1,049.90............................. 3 7,000

 3 $1,000 or more.

 280,690 3 1,156.90 1,024.10 3 40 50

$1,050.00–$1,099.90............................. . . . 223,490 . . . 1,073.60 . . . 48

$1,100.00–$1,149.90............................. . . . 182,050 . . . 1,124.30 . . . 47

$1,150.00–$1,199.90............................. . . . 156,720 . . . 1,174.30 . . . 46

$1,200.00–$1,249.90............................. . . . 130,940 . . . 1,224.20 . . . 44

$1,250.00–$1,299.90............................. . . . 112,190 . . . 1,273.10 . . . 43

$1,300.00–$1,349.90............................. . . . 73,100 . . . 1,323.70 . . . 42

$1,350.00–$1,399.90............................. . . . 52,870 . . . 1,372.80 . . . 40

$1,400.00 or more................................ .. . . . 167,440 . . . 1,638.30 . . . 36
5.G OASDI Current-Pay Benefits: Retired Workers with Dual Entitlement

CONTACT: Barbara Lingg/Salvatore Gallicchio (410) 965-0156/0158 for further information.

226 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Table 5.G5.—Number and percentage distribution, by total combined monthly benefit and retired-worker benefit, 

December 2000

[Based on 10-percent sample]

Total combined

monthly benefit Number Total

 Percent of beneficiaries receiving retired-worker benefit of— 

 Less

than

$200.00

$200.00-

$249.90

$250.00-

$299.90

$300.00-

$349.90

$350.00-

$399.90

$400.00-

$449.90

$450.00-

$499.90

$500.00-

$549.90

$550.00-

$599.90

$600.00-

$649.90

$650.00-

$699.90

 $700.00

or more

Dually entitled as wives or husbands1

1 Includes 24,660 husbands.

 Total ............... 2,593,130 100.0 17.8 11.7 11.5 10.5 15.6 13.9 9.9 5.1 2.3 1.1 0.4 0.2

 Less than $200.00 .... 22,900 100.0 100.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

 $200.00–$249.90...... 29,870 100.0 66.1 33.9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

 $250.00–$299.90...... 49,580 100.0 47.1 29.3 23.6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

 $300.00–$349.00...... 83,220 100.0 35.4 24.1 23.8 16.7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

 $350.00–$399.90...... 154,580 100.0 27.3 18.5 19.1 17.8 17.4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

 $400.00–$449.90...... 331,340 100.0 22.8 14.4 14.1 13.6 22.2 12.8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

 $450.00–$499.90...... 578,450 100.0 17.7 12.0 12.0 11.3 19.9 18.4 8.8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

 $500.00–$549.90...... 594,310 100.0 10.8 8.8 9.6 9.8 18.1 19.0 17.0 6.9 . . . . . . . . . . . .

 $550.00–$599.90...... 334,640 100.0 10.5 8.1 8.8 8.5 13.3 16.3 15.6 13.7 5.2 . . . . . . . . .

 $600.00–$649.90...... 206,110 100.0 11.2 7.9 8.2 7.8 10.5 12.8 13.2 12.2 11.1 5.0 . . . . . .

 $650.00–$699.90...... 111,040 100.0 11.5 8.8 8.2 7.5 7.7 9.9 12.6 10.8 10.4 9.4 3.2 . . .

 $700.00 or more........ 97,090 100.0 11.4 8.4 10.0 8.5 7.2 8.1 11.2 8.7 8.4 7.0 6.5 4.6

Dually entitled as widows or widowers 2

2 Includes 88,720 widowers.

 Total ............... 3,416,080 100.0 6.4 5.3 10.1 7.9 9.3 9.0 9.0 7.6 6.9 6.1 5.2 17.0

Less than $200.00 ..... 2,620 100.0 100.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$200.00–$249.90....... 3,420 100.0 67.3 32.7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$250.00–$299.90....... 10,130 100.0 32.1 27.2 40.7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$300.00–$349.90....... 18,000 100.0 18.8 14.8 47.5 18.9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$350.00–$399.90....... 22,550 100.0 18.7 13.6 29.5 23.7 14.5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$400.00–$449.90....... 34,820 100.0 14.5 10.1 24.9 18.8 19.8 11.8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$450.00–$499.90....... 53,240 100.0 11.5 8.0 18.8 16.7 17.5 16.9 10.6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$500.00–$549.90....... 63,250 100.0 8.8 7.1 16.5 14.0 15.5 14.6 15.7 7.9 . . . . . . . . . . . .

$550.00–$599.90....... 78,270 100.0 7.3 7.0 13.2 11.6 13.5 13.9 14.8 12.3 6.5 . . . . . . . . .

$600.00–$649.90....... 102,070 100.0 7.3 5.7 12.1 10.0 12.0 12.2 13.7 11.8 10.4 4.9 . . . . . .

$650.00–$699.90....... 118,920 100.0 6.1 5.2 11.1 8.6 10.7 11.3 13.0 11.0 10.5 8.5 3.9 . . .

$700.00–$749.90....... 155,150 100.0 5.1 4.7 10.5 8.6 9.7 10.5 11.5 10.2 9.6 9.0 7.2 3.2

$750.00–$799.90....... 202,250 100.0 4.7 4.5 10.7 7.7 9.6 9.7 10.2 9.7 8.8 8.7 7.1 8.7

$800.00–$849.90....... 253,520 100.0 4.6 4.3 10.1 7.6 9.0 8.8 9.1 8.8 8.9 8.0 7.1 13.7

$850.00–$899.90....... 301,520 100.0 4.7 4.1 9.5 7.3 8.8 8.5 9.0 8.2 7.9 7.6 7.0 17.4

$900.00–$949.90....... 315,350 100.0 6.2 5.1 9.0 7.3 9.2 8.4 8.5 7.6 7.4 6.7 6.2 18.5

$950.00–$999.90....... 301,510 100.0 6.4 5.1 8.9 7.0 8.7 8.4 8.3 7.1 7.2 6.4 5.7 20.8

$1,000.00–$1,049.90. 280,690 100.0 6.3 4.8 8.5 6.7 8.9 8.4 8.5 7.1 6.8 6.2 5.6 22.1

$1,050.00–$1,099.90. 223,490 100.0 6.0 5.2 8.1 6.5 8.8 8.4 8.3 7.2 6.4 6.2 5.4 23.5

$1,100.00–$1,149.90. 182,050 100.0 5.8 5.1 7.7 6.8 8.8 8.2 8.0 6.9 6.1 6.1 5.8 24.6

$1,150.00–$1,199.90. 156,720 100.0 6.8 5.4 7.6 6.3 8.0 8.1 7.6 6.9 6.1 5.6 5.2 26.5

$1,200.00–$1,249.90. 130,940 100.0 6.7 5.0 7.8 6.7 8.5 7.9 8.1 6.6 6.1 5.8 5.2 25.6

$1,250.00–$1,299.90. 112,190 100.0 6.0 5.5 8.8 6.6 7.9 7.9 7.9 6.4 5.5 4.9 4.9 27.5

$1,300.00–$1,349.90. 73,100 100.0 5.5 5.7 8.4 7.1 8.2 7.4 7.6 5.9 6.0 5.0 5.0 28.0

$1,350.00–$1,399.90. 52,870 100.0 5.4 5.3 9.6 6.9 7.7 8.2 8.0 6.5 5.7 4.5 4.7 27.5

$1,400.00 or more...... 167,440 100.0 5.3 5.5 9.3 7.5 7.5 7.3 6.8 5.8 5.3 5.2 4.3 30.2
5.H OASDI Current-Pay Benefits: Beneficiary Families

CONTACT: Rona Blumenthal/Joseph Bondar (410) 965-0163/0162 for further information.

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 227

Table 5.H1.—Number and average monthly family benefit for selected family groups, 1945–2000

 [Data for 1985–2000 based on 10-percent sample. Data for prior years based on different sampling rates]

December 1

1 Data not available for 1981.

Retired-worker families Survivor families Disabled-worker families

Worker only Worker

and

wife 2

2 Wife’s entitlement based on age.

Nondisabled

widow

only

 Widowed mother

 or father and— Worker only Worker, wife, 3 and—

3 Wife’s entitlement based on care of children.

Worker

and

Total Men Women spouse

1

child

2

children

3 or more

children Total Men Women

1

child

2 or more

chldren

Number (in thousands)

1945........................... 416 338 78 181 95 86 48 24 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1950........................... 1,240 939 301 498 314 82 53 33 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1955........................... 3,266 2,054 1,212 1,124 700 126 86 80 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1960........................... 5,742 2,922 2,820 2,122 1,527 172 113 114 357 261 96 22 32 22

1965........................... 8,386 4,137 4,249 2,400 2,332 182 135 153 714 481 232 54 109 30

1970........................... 10,533 4,904 5,629 2,457 3,080 183 155 182 1,054 680 374 77 164 43

1975........................... 13,520 6,134 7,385 2,618 3,606 221 182 176 1,750 1,080 671 137 250 66

1980........................... 16,314 7,286 9,028 2,736 4,033 239 184 134 2,061 1,257 804 154 228 80

1982........................... 17,519 7,852 9,667 2,784 4,191 236 165 106 1,969 1,208 760 124 163 78

1983........................... 18,162 8,166 9,996 2,830 4,271 161 141 92 1,961 1,215 746 85 143 80

1984........................... 18,613 8,362 10,251 2,839 4,520 159 135 79 1,993 1,241 752 83 140 76

1985........................... 19,132 8,601 10,531 2,861 4,606 158 131 74 2,039 1,267 772 84 140 76

1986........................... 19,664 8,849 10,816 2,883 4,666 151 123 68 2,096 1,301 795 82 136 74

1987........................... 20,137 9,064 11,074 2,893 4,709 141 115 62 2,154 1,338 816 79 132 74

1988........................... 20,567 9,264 11,302 2,896 4,749 137 112 61 2,194 1,353 841 77 125 71

1989........................... 21,036 9,495 11,541 2,903 4,788 137 109 58 2,262 1,390 872 75 120 67

1990........................... 21,537 9,752 11,786 2,914 4,825 133 106 57 2,370 1,448 922 75 118 63

1991........................... 21,978 9,985 11,992 2,918 4,850 130 106 55 2,523 1,529 994 76 119 61

1992........................... 22,434 10,218 12,216 2,928 4,871 129 103 54 2,738 1,643 1,094 78 125 61

1993........................... 22,796 10,404 12,392 2,912 4,870 126 103 53 2,935 1,743 1,192 78 127 59

1994........................... 23,124 10,573 12,552 2,885 4,862 123 100 51 3,121 1,830 1,292 76 128 57

1995........................... 23,433 10,732 12,701 2,845 4,841 120 97 49 3,305 1,909 1,396 75 124 55

1996........................... 23,705 10,874 12,831 2,799 4,815 117 78 41 3,473 1,973 1,500 61 104 53

1997........................... 24,124 11,027 13,097 2,759 4,657 113 74 37 3,593 2,006 1,588 57 91 53

1998........................... 24,409 11,163 13,246 2,703 4,589 111 69 34 3,769 2,074 1,695 52 80 53

1999........................... 24,730 11,337 13,394 2,651 4,536 107 67 32 3,924 2,131 1,793 49 72 52

2000........................... 25,452 11,780 13,672 2,638 4,491 102 65 30 4,080 2,191 1,890 45 65 50

Average monthly family benefit

1945........................... $23.50 $24.50 $19.50 $38.50 $20.20 $34.10 $47.70 $50.40 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1950........................... 42.20 44.60 34.80 71.70 36.50 76.90 93.90 92.40 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1955........................... 59.10 64.60 49.80 103.50 48.70 106.80 135.40 133.20 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1960........................... 69.90 79.90 59.60 123.90 57.70 131.70 188.00 181.70 $87.90 $91.90 $76.90 $184.70 $192.20 $135.50

1965........................... 80.10 90.50 70.00 141.50 73.90 153.00 219.80 218.10 95.40 100.70 85.00 201.00 216.30 145.90

1970........................... 114.20 128.70 101.60 198.90 102.40 213.00 291.10 289.90 128.10 136.30 113.10 264.10 273.20 199.20

1975........................... 201.60 225.50 181.80 343.90 195.90 367.20 468.60 461.80 218.90 240.00 185.00 441.00 454.00 344.00

1980........................... 333.00 377.10 297.40 566.60 311.60 612.80 759.20 740.50 355.40 396.20 291.70 727.00 746.10 573.00

1982........................... 408.90 465.50 362.90 702.50 379.00 735.60 885.50 867.90 424.20 474.20 344.70 847.40 858.20 690.70

1983........................... 429.70 490.00 380.40 742.90 400.60 774.80 923.00 884.50 439.40 490.90 355.40 867.90 881.80 716.20

1984........................... 448.20 511.60 396.40 781.20 416.30 805.30 948.30 906.60 454.00 507.60 365.70 881.50 885.50 740.40

1985........................... 465.80 531.80 412.00 813.90 434.30 829.60 981.50 924.90 466.90 523.10 374.60 898.10 895.20 765.00

1986........................... 475.20 542.60 420.10 831.30 444.90 841.70 994.00 939.80 470.70 527.80 377.40 896.90 888.30 773.30

1987........................... 499.20 570.40 440.80 873.30 468.70 882.10 1,032.30 968.90 491.60 552.00 392.60 929.40 918.30 815.50

1988........................... 522.70 597.20 461.70 914.10 493.60 921.80 1,070.40 1,012.90 512.20 576.10 409.50 960.20 938.40 855.40

1989........................... 552.10 630.70 487.40 965.60 522.80 967.80 1,120.00 1,064.60 539.30 607.10 431.20 1,009.40 971.90 903.70

1990........................... 588.30 671.90 519.10 1,026.60 557.90 1,020.20 1,177.70 1,124.60 570.40 642.80 456.80 1,062.10 1,016.00 960.80

1991........................... 614.70 702.00 542.10 1,071.70 584.90 1,059.80 1,216.80 1,160.60 592.30 668.40 475.50 1,098.00 1,043.30 1,004.70

1992........................... 637.80 728.10 562.30 1,110.50 609.00 1,086.90 1,252.40 1,190.80 609.50 688.70 490.70 1,122.10 1,057.40 1,045.00

1993........................... 659.10 751.90 581.20 1,145.40 632.20 1,114.20 1,282.60 1,229.40 625.50 707.20 506.00 1,143.00 1,074.20 1,078.20

1994........................... 682.30 777.80 601.80 1,183.70 657.10 1,150.10 1,328.40 1,271.00 646.20 731.80 525.00 1,177.60 1,100.00 1,118.60

1995........................... 704.80 803.00 621.80 1,220.60 681.60 1,184.50 1,365.50 1,299.80 667.60 757.40 544.80 1,205.50 1,130.90 1,159.90

1996........................... 730.00 831.10 644.20 1,262.10 708.70 1,222.50 1,450.60 1,347.20 690.60 785.30 566.00 1,245.90 1,148.50 1,200.60

1997........................... 750.20 853.70 663.10 1,294.60 733.20 1,250.30 1,502.60 1,358.00 708.00 806.60 583.60 1,280.20 1,165.90 1,238.50

1998........................... 765.10 870.50 676.40 1,317.70 750.90 1,277.00 1,537.70 1,393.20 720.00 820.20 597.40 1,300.40 1,189.40 1,261.90

1999........................... 789.80 898.60 697.70 1,356.80 776.60 1,325.40 1,590.40 1,446.30 741.20 844.50 618.50 1,344.90 1,224.20 1,295.30

2000........................... 830.10 945.90 730.30 1,419.90 812.30 1,387.90 1,675.40 1,513.20 773.60 880.70 649.40 1,394.20 1,274.30 1,355.50
5.H OASDI Current-Pay Benefits: Beneficiary Families 

CONTACT: Rona Blumenthal/Joseph Bondar (410) 965-0163/0162 for further information.

228 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Table 5.H2.—Number and average primary insurance amount and average monthly family benefit for selected 

family groups, December 2000

[Numbers in thousands. Based on 10-percent sample]

Family classification1

 1 The term “full benefit” applies to benefits not subject to actuarial reduction and the term “reduced benefit” applies to benefits subject to actuarial reduction.

Number of 2—

 2 Provisions for Railroad Retirement beneficiaries are described in the section Social Security (Old-Age, Survivors, and Disability Insurance).

Average

Families Beneficiaries

Primary

 insurance amount

Monthly

 family benefit

Retired-worker families:

Worker only ..................................................... 25,452 25,452 $827.50 $830.10

Men.............................................................. 11,780 11,780 1,037.80 945.90

 Full benefit................................................ 3,684 3,684 1,081.70 1,122.00

 Reduced benefit ....................................... 8,096 8,096 1,017.80 865.80

Women ........................................................ 13,672 13,672 646.30 730.30

 Full benefit................................................ 3,472 3,472 737.90 844.30

 Reduced benefit ....................................... 10,200 10,200 615.10 661.60

 Worker and wife ............................................. 2,638 5,276 1,066.50 1,419.90

 Full worker benefit ...................................... 909 1,.818 1,129.40 1,660.00

 Reduced worker benefit.............................. 1,729 3,458 1,033.40 1,293.70

 Worker and husband...................................... 32 63 522.80 729.20

 Worker and children ....................................... 270 591 955.20 1,369.60

Male worker 3 ..............................................

 3 Includes 168,700 families with reduced retired-worker benefits.

241 529 986.70 1,412.90

Female worker 4 ..........................................

 4 Includes 29,700 families with reduced retired-worker benefits.

30 63 699.60 1,018.60

 Worker, wife, and children.............................. 105 342 996.70 1,640.30

Worker, wife, and 1 child ............................. 86 259 1,007.80 1,654.90

 Full worker benefit .................................... 27 80 1,041.70 1,845.00

 Reduced worker benefit............................ 60 178 992.60 1,569.50

Worker, wife, and 2 or more children........... 19 83 945.20 1,573.30

 Full worker benefit .................................... 5 24 957.70 1,716.40

 Reduced worker benefit............................ 13 59 940.00 1,514.40

Survivors families:

Nondisabled widow or widower only ............... 4,528 4,528 952.60 810.60

Full benefit................................................... 1,899 1,899 958.80 909.90

Reduced benefit .......................................... 2,628 2,628 948.20 738.90

Nondisabled widow or widower and children .. 95 197 875.20 1,407.30

Full benefit................................................... 59 121 860.20 1,434.50

Reduced benefit .......................................... 36 75 899.30 1,363.40

Disabled widow or widower only ..................... 183 183 949.00 517.80

Widowed mother or father and children .......... 196 530 934.70 1,501.70

1 child .......................................................... 102 203 933.50 1,387.90

2 children..................................................... 65 194 964.00 1,675.40

3 or more children........................................ 30 132 875.40 1,513.20

Children only ................................................... 1,055 1,443 778.60 741.00

1 child .......................................................... 776 776 780.70 584.80

2 children..................................................... 200 399 786.20 1,155.30

3 or more children........................................ 79 267 738.00 1,229.20

Parents............................................................ 2 2 888.20 720.00

Disabled-worker families:

Worker only ..................................................... 4,080 4,080 777.00 773.60

Men.............................................................. 2,191 2,191 886.20 880.70

Women ........................................................ 1,890 1,890 650.40 649.40

Worker and spouse 5 ......................................

 5 Where the disabled worker's spouse is dually entitled as a retired worker, the benefit amount shown for the spouse represents the difference between the entitlement 

amount as a spouse and as a retired worker.

50 101 1,085.70 1,355.50

Worker and children ........................................ 793 2,025 837.80 1,206.20

Male worker................................................. 507 1,308 891.40 1,289.90

Female worker............................................. 285 717 742.40 1,057.60

Worker, wife, and children............................... 110 438 899.50 1.323.40

1 child .......................................................... 45 136 935.70 1,394.20

2 or more children........................................ 65 302 874.30 1,274.30

Worker, husband, and children........................ 2 8 719.10 1,032.10
5.H OASDI Current-Pay Benefits: Beneficiary Families

CONTACT: Rona Blumenthal/Joseph Bondar (410) 965-0163/0162 for further information.

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 229

Table 5.H3.—Number and percentage distribution of retired-worker and disabled-worker families, by monthly benefit for 

selected family groups, December 20001

[Based on 10-percent sample]

1 Provisions for Railroad Retirement beneficiaries are described in the section Social Security (Old-Age, Survivors, and Disability Insurance). 

Monthly family benefit 2

2 Cases involving actuarial reduction may be represented in all benefit intervals for which values are shown.

Retired worker only Retired

worker

and wife

Retired worker,

wife, and— Disabled worker only

Disabled worker,

wife, and—

Men Women

1

child

2 or more

children Men Women

1

child

2 or more

children

Total number .............................................. 11,780,000 13,672,390 2,638,180 86,220 18,730 2,190,550 1,889,500 45,200 65,130

Total percent .............................................. 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Less than $100.00 ................................................ .2 .2 .1 . . . .1 .2 .2 .1 .1

$100.00–$149.90.................................................. .5 .5 .2 .1 .2 .2 .6 . . . .1

$150.00–$199.90.................................................. .8 .8 3 .2 .2 .6 1.5 .1 .1

$200.00–$249.90.................................................. .9 1.1 .4 .3 .3 .8 2.3 .1 .2

$250.00–$299.90.................................................. 1.1 1.7 .5 .3 .5 1.2 3.0 .1 .2

$300.00–$349.90.................................................. 1.2 2.3 .6 .6 .5 1.6 3.7 .2 .3

$350.00–$399.90.................................................. 1.6 3.5 .7 .7 .6 1.7 3.9 .2 .2

$400.00–$449.90.................................................. 1.9 5.6 .8 .8 .9 2.5 5.5 .2 .4

$450.00–$499.90.................................................. 2.3 8.3 .8 .8 1.1 4.4 9.8 .8 1.4

$500.00–$549.90.................................................. 2.4 8.9 .9 .8 1.3 4.8 9.5 1.4 2.0

$550.00–$599.90.................................................. 2.6 7.2 1.1 1.2 1.3 5.0 8.8 1.4 2.1

$600.00–$649.90.................................................. 2.8 6.3 1.3 1.3 1.4 5.4 8.0 1.7 2.2

$650.00–$699.90.................................................. 3.1 5.5 1.4 1.7 2.6 5.2 7.0 1.8 2.5

$700.00–$749.90.................................................. 3.6 5.2 1.5 1.6 2.9 5.1 6.1 1.9 2.7

$750.00–$799.90.................................................. 4.1 4.9 1.5 2.1 2.9 5.0 5.2 2.2 3.5

$800.00–$849.90.................................................. 4.9 5.0 1.6 1.5 2.5 4.9 4.3 2.5 2.9

$850.00–$899.90.................................................. 5.8 5.0 1.6 1.4 1.4 4.9 3.8 2.3 3.0

$900.00–$949.90.................................................. 6.6 4.7 1.8 1.1 1.7 4.6 3.1 3.0 3.2

$950.00–$999.90.................................................. 7.2 4.3 1.9 1.1 2.3 4.5 2.6 3.1 4.1

$1,000.00–$1,049.90............................................ 8.4 3.9 2.0 1.4 1.5 4.3 2.2 4.1 4.9

$1,050.00–$1,099.90............................................ 7.0 3.1 2.3 1.2 2.1 4.0 1.7 4.1 4.5

$1,100.00–$1,149.90............................................ 5.9 2.5 2.5 1.5 1.5 3.8 1.4 3.8 4.7

$1,150.00–$1,199.90............................................ 5.0 2.0 2.8 1.6 2.0 3.8 1.2 3.6 4.7

$1,200.00–$1,249.90............................................ 4.4 1.7 3.1 1.4 1.6 4.2 1.2 3.9 3.9

$1,250.00–$1,299.90............................................ 3.9 1.5 3.6 1.7 1.7 4.8 1.1 3.8 4.0

$1,300.00–$1,349.90............................................ 2.8 1.0 4.4 1.6 1.4 4.0 .8 3.5 3.1

$1,350.00–$1,399.90............................................ 2.1 .8 4.8 1.6 1.4 3.3 .6 3.5 3.5

$1,400.00–$1,449.90............................................ 1.6 .6 5.0 1.5 2.2 3 5.2

3 $1,400 or more.

3.8 3.5 2.9

$1,450.00–$1,499.90............................................ 1.3 .4 5.9 2.0 1.7 . . . . . . 2.9 2.5

$1,500.00–$1,549.90............................................ 4 3.5

4 $1,500 or more. 

4 1.1 6.0 2.1 2.5 . . . . . . 3.0 2.8

$1,550.00–$1,599.90............................................ . . . . . . 5.3 2.9 2.5 . . . . . . 2.7 2.2

$1,600.00–$1,649.90............................................ . . . . . . 4.6 3.1 2.2 . . . . . . 2.6 1.9

$1,650.00–$1,699.90............................................ . . . . . . 4.1 3.7 2.9 . . . . . . 2.7 2.0

$1,700.00–$1,749.90............................................ . . . . . . 3.6 3.8 3.3 . . . . . . 2.5 1.8

$1,750.00–$1,799.90............................................ . . . . . . 3.1 3.8 3.4 . . . . . . 2.9 1.7

$1,800.00–$1,849.90............................................ . . . . . . 2.7 4.3 2.7 . . . . . . 2.9 2.2

$1,850.00–$1,899.90............................................ . . . . . . 2.3 4.5 3.5 . . . . . . 3.0 2.1

$1,900.00–$1,949.90............................................ . . . . . . 1.9 4.6 3.6 . . . . . . 2.8 2.0

$1,950.00–$1,999.90............................................ . . . . . . 1.7 4.7 3.6 . . . . . . 2.5 1.6

$2,000.00–$2,049.90............................................ . . . . . . 1.4 4.3 2.8 . . . . . . 2.1 1.3

$2,050.00–$2,099.90............................................ . . . . . . 1.2 3.2 2.5 . . . . . . 1.9 1.4

$2,100.00–$2,149.90............................................ . . . . . . 1.0 3.0 3.2 . . . . . . 1.6 1.4

$2,150.00–$2,199.90............................................ . . . . . . .8 3.1 2.8 . . . . . . 1.7 1.0

$2,200.00–$2,249.90............................................ . . . . . . .7 2.8 2.1 . . . . . . 5 5.6

5 $2,200 or more.

55.7

$2,250.00–$2,299.90............................................ . . . . . . .6 2.2 1.5 . . . . . . . . . . . .

$2,300.00–$2,349.90............................................ . . . . . . .5 1.9 1.7 . . . . . . . . . . . .

$2,350.00–$2,399.90............................................ . . . . . . .4 1.6 1.7 . . . . . . . . . . . .

$2,400.00–$2,449.90............................................ . . . . . . .5 1.3 1.3 . . . . . . . . . . . .

$2,450.00–$2,499.90............................................ . . . . . . .4 1.1 1.1 . . . . . . . . . . . .

$2,500.00 or more................................................. . . . . . . 1.8 4.9 7.0 . . . . . . . . . . . .

Average monthly benefit per family .................. $945.90 $730.30 $1,419.90 $1,654.90 $1,573.30 $880.70 $649.40 $1,394.20 $1,274.30
5.H OASDI Current-Pay Benefits: Beneficiary Families 

CONTACT: Rona Blumenthal/Joseph Bondar (410) 965-0163/0162 for further information.

230 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Table 5.H4.—Number and percentage distribution of survivor families, by monthly benefit for selected family groups, 

December 2000

[Based on 10-percent sample]

Monthly family benefit

Widowed mother or father and— Children only

Nondisabled

widow only

Disabled

widow only

1

child

2

children

3 or more

children

1

child

2

children

3 or more

children

Total number .................................................. 101,690 64,730 29,820 776,240 199,700 79,020 4,491,310 178,380

Total percent .................................................. 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Less than $100.00 .................................................... . . . . . . .1 .5 .5 .6 .2 3.6

$100.00–$149.90...................................................... .1 .1 . . . 1.3 .3 .4 .2 3.0

$150.00–$199.90...................................................... .2 .2 .2 1.8 .6 .8 .3 3.9

$200.00–$249.90...................................................... .3 .3 .7 2.1 1.0 1.6 .9 5.0

$250.00–$299.90...................................................... .4 .3 .7 2.2 1.4 1.8 1.6 5.1

$300.00–$349.90...................................................... .5 .5 .8 9.0 1.5 2.1 2.3 6.7

$350.00–$399.90...................................................... .6 .6 1.0 7.9 1.4 1.8 2.3 7.2

$400.00–$449.90...................................................... .7 .6 .8 7.8 1.5 2.2 2.8 7.5

$450.00–$499.90...................................................... .9 .6 .6 7.8 2.2 2.3 3.4 7.3

$500.00–$549.90...................................................... .8 .8 1.5 7.8 1.7 2.3 3.7 7.0

$550.00–$599.90...................................................... .8 .6 1.0 7.3 1.7 1.9 4.5 6.4

$600.00–$649.90...................................................... 1.1 .9 1.4 8.2 2.0 2.1 5.6 5.7

$650.00–$699.90...................................................... 1.9 1.6 2.2 6.3 3.2 3.9 6.3 5.2

$700.00–$749.90...................................................... 2.2 2.2 3.1 5.6 4.1 4.2 6.9 5.0

$750.00–$799.90...................................................... 2.7 2.6 3.1 4.7 4.1 4.5 7.1 4.2

$800.00–$849.90...................................................... 2.8 2.5 3.8 3.9 4.3 4.1 7.7 3.8

$850.00–$899.90...................................................... 2.9 2.6 4.0 3.6 3.9 4.1 8.2 4.6

$900.00–$949.90...................................................... 2.9 2.2 2.8 3.4 4.0 3.8 7.5 4.1

$950.00–$999.90...................................................... 3.0 1.5 2.4 3.0 3.8 2.8 6.3 2.4

$1,000.00–$1,049.90................................................ 3.5 1.7 1.9 2.2 3.7 2.4 5.1 1 2.1

1 $1,000 or more.

$1,050.00–$1,099.90................................................ 3.0 1.7 2.0 1.5 3.8 2.0 3.8 . . .

$1,100.00–$1,149.90................................................ 3.6 1.9 1.8 2 1.9

2 $1,100 or more.

3.5 1.9 2.9 . . .

$1,150.00–$1,199.90................................................ 3.6 1.6 2.0 . . . 3.5 2.0 2.3 . . .

$1,200.00–$1,249.90................................................ 3.5 1.6 1.7 . . . 3.3 1.9 1.9 . . .

$1,250.00–$1,299.90................................................ 3.4 1.7 2.0 . . . 3.2 2.1 1.6 . . .

$1,300.00–$1,349.90................................................ 3.4 2.0 2.2 . . . 2.9 1.8 1.1 . . .

$1,350.00–$1,399.90................................................ 3.2 2.1 1.6 . . . 2.7 1.9 .8 . . .

$1,400.00–$1,449.90................................................ 3.2 2.0 2.3 . . . 2.5 1.9 3 2.6

3 $1,400 or more.

. . .

$1,450.00–$1,499.90................................................ 3.1 1.7 2.1 . . . 2.1 1.7 . . . . . .

$1,500.00–$1,549.90................................................ 3.4 2.1 1.9 . . . 2.0 1.7 . . . . . .

$1,550.00–$1,599.90................................................ 2.9 2.0 2.0 . . . 2.0 1.6 . . . . . .

$1,600.00–$1,649.90................................................ 2.8 2.0 1.9 . . . 1.8 1.6 . . . . . .

$1,650.00–$1,699.90................................................ 2.6 2.6 2.2 . . . 1.7 1.4 . . . . . .

$1,700.00–$1,749.90................................................ 2.8 2.9 2.4 . . . 1.6 2.0 . . . . . .

$1,750.00–$1,799.90................................................ 2.7 3.0 2.3 . . . 1.6 2.0 . . . . . .

$1,800.00–$1,849.90................................................ 2.8 3.3 2.7 . . . 1.9 2.0 . . . . . .

$1,850.00–$1,899.90................................................ 3.2 2.9 2.6 . . . 1.8 1.9 . . . . . .

$1,900.00–$1,949.90................................................ 3.2 3.0 3.4 . . . 1.7 1.7 . . . . . .

$1,950.00–$1,999.90................................................ 2.6 2.9 2.2 . . . 1.5 1.8 . . . . . .

$2,000.00–$2,049.90................................................ 2.4 2.4 2.3 . . . 1.5 1.5 . . . . . .

$2,050.00–$2,099.90................................................ 2.0 2.1 1.7 . . . 1.4 1.1 . . . . . .

$2,100.00–$2,149.90................................................ 2.0 2.2 1.6 . . . 1.2 1.1 . . . . . .

$2,150.00–$2,199.90................................................ 1.5 2.7 1.8 . . . .9 1.4 . . . . . .

$2,200.00–$2,249.90................................................ 4 4.9

4 $2,200 or more.

2.6 1.9 . . . 4 3.1 1.3 . . . . . .

$2,250.00–$2,299.90................................................ . . . 2.7 1.4 . . . . . . 1.0 . . . . . .

$2,300.00–$2,349.90................................................ . . . 2.1 1.9 . . . . . . 1.1 . . . . . .

$2,350.00–$2,399.90................................................ . . . 1.9 1.5 . . . . . . .9 . . . . . .

$2,400.00–$2,449.90................................................ . . . 2.0 1.5 . . . . . . .8 . . . . . .

$2,450.00–$2,499.90................................................ . . . 1.8 1.2 . . . . . . .9 . . . . . .

$2,500.00 or more..................................................... . . . 11.9 9.0 . . . . . . 3.9 . . . . . .

Average monthly benefit per family ...................... $1,387.90 $1,675.40 $1,513.20 $584.80 $1,155.30 $1,229.20 $812.30 $522.20
5.J OASDI Current-Pay Benefits: Geographic Data

CONTACT: Rona Blumenthal/Salvatore Gallicchio (410) 965-0163/0158 for further information.

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 231

Table 5.J1.—Estimated total benefits paid, by program, calendar year 2000 1

[In millions. Based on 10-percent sample]

1Unnegotiated checks not deducted. Excludes lump-sum death payments.

State Total Retirement Survivors Disability

 Total...................................................................... $407,431 $274,645 $77,848 $54,938

Alabama......................................................................... 6,942 4,186 1,483 1,272

Alaska ............................................................................ 465 291 94 80

Arizona........................................................................... 7,163 5,026 1,187 950

Arkansas........................................................................ 4,250 2,633 845 772

California........................................................................ 38,138 26,460 6,864 4,814

Colorado ........................................................................ 4,698 3,148 882 667

Connecticut.................................................................... 5,711 4,219 896 597

Delaware........................................................................ 1,268 872 229 167

District of Columbia........................................................ 579 384 112 83

Florida............................................................................ 28,700 20,622 4,751 3,328

Georgia .......................................................................... 9,503 5,947 1,872 1,683

Hawaii ............................................................................ 1,628 1,230 246 152

Idaho.............................................................................. 1,697 1,176 310 211

Illinois............................................................................. 17,530 12,060 3,477 1,993

Indiana ........................................................................... 9,380 6,336 1,846 1,198

Iowa ............................................................................... 4,891 3,417 968 505

Kansas........................................................................... 4,057 2,821 789 448

Kentucky ........................................................................ 6,203 3,505 1,324 1,373

Louisiana........................................................................ 5,906 3,350 1,562 995

Maine ............................................................................. 2,075 1,360 371 344

Maryland ........................................................................ 6,622 4,541 1,292 789

Massachusetts............................................................... 9,696 6,691 1,656 1,350

Michigan......................................................................... 15,892 10,585 3,151 2,157

Minnesota ...................................................................... 6,633 4,673 1,252 708

Mississippi...................................................................... 4,101 2,364 855 883

Missouri.......................................................................... 8,881 5,876 1,699 1,306

Montana......................................................................... 1,376 926 267 182

Nebraska........................................................................ 2,533 1,778 493 262

Nevada........................................................................... 2,609 1,849 402 358

New Hampshire ............................................................. 1,849 1,298 306 245

New Jersey .................................................................... 13,521 9,712 2,319 1,489

New Mexico ................................................................... 2,303 1,508 456 338

New York........................................................................ 28,691 19,916 4,912 3,862

North Carolina................................................................ 11,651 7,652 1,977 2,021

North Dakota.................................................................. 972 645 232 95

Ohio ............................................................................... 17,724 11,698 3,877 2,149

Oklahoma....................................................................... 5,141 3,358 1,081 703

Oregon........................................................................... 5,200 3,684 908 609

Pennsylvania.................................................................. 22,121 15,315 4,464 2,342

Rhode Island.................................................................. 1,739 1,237 259 243

South Carolina ............................................................... 5,908 3,760 1,060 1,088

South Dakota ................................................................. 1,124 766 240 118

Tennessee...................................................................... 8,537 5,332 1,699 1,505

Texas.............................................................................. 22,883 14,963 5,139 2,781

Utah ............................................................................... 2,152 1,530 386 236

Vermont.......................................................................... 918 624 159 135

Virginia........................................................................... 9,060 5,929 1,741 1,390

Washington .................................................................... 7,898 5,564 1,366 968

West Virginia.................................................................. 3,488 1,947 837 705

Wisconsin....................................................................... 8,347 5,936 1,522 889

Wyoming ....................................................................... 690 485 118 87

Outlying areas:

American Samoa........................................................ 28 9 9 10

Guam.......................................................................... 63 39 17 7

Northern Mariana Islands........................................... 8 4 3 1

Puerto Rico................................................................. 3,940 1,941 826 1,173

Virgin Islands.............................................................. 97 67 17 12

Foreign countries ........................................................... 2,226 1,381 735 110
5.J OASDI Current-Pay Benefits: Geographic Data

CONTACT: Rona Blumenthal/Salvatore Gallicchio (410) 965-0163/0158 for further information.

232 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Table 5.J2.—Number, by type of benefit, December 2000

[Based on 10-percent sample]

State

Social Security program

Total

Retirement Survivors Disability

Retired

 workers 1

 1 Includes special age-72 beneficiaries.

Spouses Children

Widows,

 widowers,

and parents Children

Disabled

 workers Spouses Children

 Total 2 .......................

 2 Includes beneficiaries with unknown state code.

 45,417,470 28,506,060 2,797,170 457,960 5,103,060 1,877,940 5,035,840 164,850 1,474,590

Alabama................................ 826,710 457,990 47,810 9,980 105,650 40,480 121,120 4,410 39,270

Alaska ................................... 54,950 31,320 2,650 1,020 4,940 4,600 7,460 220 2,740

Arizona.................................. 791,330 517,120 50,410 7,000 76,430 29,410 84,500 2,280 24,180

Arkansas............................... 517,230 296,920 29,500 5,100 62,820 23,050 75,390 2,120 22,330

California............................... 4,208,290 2,708,560 287,130 50,170 428,280 169,740 437,270 12,770 114,370

Colorado ............................... 535,270 334,580 37,430 3,910 57,370 21,070 61,280 1,700 17,930

Connecticut........................... 578,650 404,160 27,050 5,070 52,550 19,630 53,190 1,330 15,670

Delaware............................... 134,900 87,530 7,460 1,390 14,080 5,010 14,920 350 4,160

District of Columbia............... 74,030 48,070 2,920 770 7,970 4,650 8,470 70 1,110

Florida................................... 3,193,390 2,163,900 187,490 29,420 310,400 103,830 305,290 8,550 84,510

Georgia ................................. 1,106,410 647,960 53,650 10,370 124,060 61,540 157,920 4,530 46,380

Hawaii ................................... 184,140 131,010 9,890 2,400 15,920 6,860 13,510 400 4,150

Idaho..................................... 194,030 124,620 13,840 1,570 19,890 7,790 20,020 730 5,570

Illinois.................................... 1,842,350 1,196,410 105,870 17,370 211,000 79,880 175,060 4,800 51,960

Indiana .................................. 994,060 629,500 57,090 8,890 113,640 40,720 108,210 2,810 33,200

Iowa ...................................... 540,360 351,580 39,960 4,100 65,500 16,900 47,800 1,260 13,260

Kansas.................................. 440,010 284,660 28,920 3,410 50,390 16,210 42,390 810 13,220

Kentucky ............................... 739,010 382,810 47,650 7,060 98,620 31,130 125,650 6,840 39,250

Louisiana............................... 710,870 362,400 57,010 9,640 109,570 44,120 88,460 5,480 34,190

Maine .................................... 251,480 153,520 14,280 2,170 26,370 8,100 34,700 1,120 11,220

Maryland ............................... 723,250 473,330 38,520 6,820 79,380 35,860 70,200 1,140 18,000

Massachusetts...................... 1,063,950 697,230 52,190 9,640 105,620 34,470 125,430 2,650 36,720

Michigan................................ 1,644,640 1,017,370 103,800 16,520 191,860 69,730 182,760 5,410 57,190

Minnesota ............................. 738,750 490,040 49,230 6,030 82,350 25,210 66,600 1,230 18,060

Mississippi............................. 516,260 271,660 24,110 7,310 61,370 31,050 85,700 3,420 31,640

Missouri................................. 1,004,500 620,490 57,480 8,900 111,860 41,810 123,130 3,730 37,100

Montana................................ 157,720 98,240 11,140 1,530 18,060 6,180 16,870 670 5,030

Nebraska............................... 284,370 186,000 20,790 2,230 32,440 9,530 25,380 560 7,440

Nevada.................................. 287,200 194,640 14,360 2,780 25,170 10,320 31,400 620 7,910

New Hampshire .................... 200,490 134,170 9,490 1,570 18,730 6,970 22,210 490 6,860

New Jersey ........................... 1,352,210 927,740 59,560 12,380 137,120 50,380 127,330 3,200 34,500

New Mexico .......................... 280,660 165,580 21,650 3,560 30,710 15,770 31,620 1,410 10,360

New York............................... 3,005,760 1,961,260 151,660 33,800 301,990 114,200 333,870 11,090 97,890

North Carolina....................... 1,349,740 836,050 59,330 10,340 136,670 56,660 193,120 4,730 52,840

North Dakota......................... 114,100 69,730 10,600 860 17,090 3,920 9,080 300 2,520

Ohio ...................................... 1,918,410 1,172,680 144,440 17,300 253,930 73,150 195,430 5,720 55,760

Oklahoma.............................. 594,020 364,720 37,870 4,970 73,580 26,810 65,800 2,290 17,980

Oregon.................................. 568,250 378,090 36,530 4,990 57,690 19,320 57,030 1,500 13,100

Pennsylvania......................... 2,357,380 1,545,640 143,960 18,510 290,060 80,580 213,630 7,590 57,410

Rhode Island......................... 191,680 130,530 7,100 1,560 16,330 6,240 22,970 580 6,370

South Carolina ...................... 689,020 411,030 30,720 5,970 71,530 35,530 102,370 2,580 29,290

South Dakota ........................ 136,050 85,470 10,710 1,060 16,800 5,970 12,020 170 3,850

Tennessee............................. 995,810 577,560 55,440 9,110 118,830 46,380 142,960 4,930 40,600

Texas..................................... 2,638,130 1,577,730 201,100 32,430 342,880 137,980 254,380 11,530 80,100

Utah ...................................... 242,280 156,820 18,330 2,810 21,590 12,630 21,500 580 8,020

Vermont................................. 104,680 65,820 5,870 1,040 10,540 3,630 12,920 500 4,360

Virginia.................................. 1,035,090 637,040 58,360 9,000 117,330 44,100 127,610 4,440 37,210

Washington ........................... 845,210 554,450 55,840 7,250 83,740 30,140 89,640 2,120 22,030

West Virginia......................... 390,430 199,320 29,810 4,050 59,700 16,110 60,940 3,990 16,510

Wisconsin.............................. 899,520 603,380 54,380 7,570 96,180 31,190 82,340 1,480 23,000

Wyoming .............................. 77,240 50,570 4,950 590 7,330 2,960 7,940 380 2,520

Outlying areas:

American Samoa............... 5,410 1,380 180 340 580 850 1,250 90 740

Guam ................................ 10,710 5,380 1,100 580 1,060 1,400 660 100 430

Northern Mariana

Islands ......................... 1,740 710 130 250 220 290 100 . . . 40

Puerto Rico ....................... 665,490 293,610 53,320 15,480 80,110 39,890 124,420 10,070 48,590

Virgin Islands..................... 13,430 8,310 940 440 1,140 990 1,170 80 360

Foreign countries .................. 393,070 225,890 53,730 7,400 75,780 14,720 11,250 890 3,410
5.J OASDI Current-Pay Benefits: Geographic Data

CONTACT: Rona Blumenthal/Salvatore Gallicchio (410) 965-0163/0158 for further information.

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 233

Table 5.J3.—Number and total monthly benefit for beneficiaries aged 65 or older, December 2000

[Based on 10-percent sample]

State

Number Monthly benefit (in thousands)

Total Men Women Total Men Women

Total 1 ..........................

1Includes beneficiaries with unknown state code.

32,718,170 13,526,820 19,191,350 $26,675,290 $12,877,180 $13,798,120

Alabama................................ 537,650 215,610 322,040 409,640 193,900 215,750

Alaska ................................... 33,250 15,800 17,450 26,610 14,530 12,080

Arizona.................................. 574,970 251,860 323,110 475,990 242,580 233,410

Arkansas............................... 345,110 141,840 203,270 256,280 123,390 132,890

California............................... 3,105,840 1,330,640 1,775,200 2,565,620 1,269,040 1,296,580

Colorado ............................... 385,050 163,910 221,140 305,310 152,930 152,380

Connecticut........................... 447,230 180,760 266,470 405,470 192,650 212,820

Delaware............................... 97,450 40,890 56,560 83,510 41,050 42,450

District of Columbia............... 54,790 21,070 33,720 38,310 16,680 21,630

Florida................................... 2,407,810 1,037,400 1,370,410 1,972,340 986,430 985,910

Georgia ................................. 725,980 288,530 437,450 568,910 267,320 301,590

Hawaii ................................... 142,800 62,600 80,200 115,070 57,160 57,920

Idaho..................................... 140,590 61,240 79,350 111,820 57,240 54,580

Illinois.................................... 1,372,310 554,450 817,860 1,183,210 557,770 625,450

Indiana .................................. 715,980 287,520 428,460 613,390 288,630 324,770

Iowa ...................................... 415,060 170,060 245,000 336,690 162,660 174,030

Kansas.................................. 332,020 133,990 198,030 278,090 132,300 145,780

Kentucky ............................... 466,870 188,830 278,040 350,070 166,670 183,400

Louisiana............................... 466,440 190,280 276,160 346,130 168,510 177,630

Maine .................................... 175,730 73,590 102,140 132,470 64,740 67,720

Maryland ............................... 533,390 215,520 317,870 440,710 207,000 233,710

Massachusetts...................... 793,350 315,510 477,840 659,160 306,680 352,480

Michigan................................ 1,171,580 483,200 688,380 1,024,480 496,820 527,660

Minnesota ............................. 560,060 230,390 329,670 450,340 218,240 232,100

Mississippi............................. 315,020 125,240 189,780 229,790 107,810 121,980

Missouri................................. 706,540 287,590 418,950 568,230 271,090 297,140

Montana................................ 112,920 49,380 63,540 89,210 45,220 44,000

Nebraska............................... 218,500 89,410 129,090 175,370 84,370 91,000

Nevada.................................. 205,980 96,360 109,620 172,060 91,280 80,780

New Hampshire .................... 146,190 61,690 84,500 122,990 60,780 62,210

New Jersey ........................... 1,032,770 414,660 618,110 943,400 441,950 501,450

New Mexico .......................... 191,780 84,860 106,920 144,200 74,610 69,590

New York............................... 2,192,600 879,840 1,312,760 1,915,060 888,810 1,026,250

North Carolina....................... 918,550 368,100 550,450 722,410 339,440 382,970

North Dakota......................... 88,960 36,660 52,300 66,520 32,540 33,980

Ohio ...................................... 1,413,200 575,880 837,320 1,168,940 564,370 604,570

Oklahoma.............................. 423,460 174,630 248,830 329,270 157,260 172,010

Oregon.................................. 421,850 179,990 241,860 349,750 173,600 176,140

Pennsylvania......................... 1,793,470 714,470 1,079,000 1,510,260 709,270 800,990

Rhode Island......................... 142,200 56,530 85,670 118,520 54,490 64,030

South Carolina ...................... 452,020 183,680 268,340 355,010 170,040 184,970

South Dakota ........................ 102,900 42,880 60,020 76,370 37,440 38,940

Tennessee............................. 663,420 265,420 398,000 516,820 243,860 272,950

Texas..................................... 1,880,060 792,770 1,087,290 1,478,190 734,300 743,900

Utah ...................................... 175,960 76,420 99,540 144,510 74,280 70,230

Vermont................................. 73,720 30,750 42,970 59,410 29,010 30,400

Virginia.................................. 724,750 293,630 431,120 573,500 271,780 301,720

Washington ........................... 621,790 264,550 357,240 527,680 262,500 265,180

West Virginia......................... 254,990 102,410 152,580 199,920 94,690 105,220

Wisconsin.............................. 677,680 281,880 395,800 566,840 276,710 290,140

Wyoming .............................. 55,610 25,100 30,510 45,380 24,120 21,260

Outlying areas:

American Samoa............... 1,650 720 930 760 390 370

Guam................................. 6,120 3,190 2,930 3,410 2,030 1,370

Northern Mariana

Islands ......................... 760 450 310 350 230 110

Puerto Rico........................ 367,160 165,320 201,840 188,630 97,670 90,960

Virgin Islands..................... 8,660 3,990 4,670 5,820 3,030 2,790

Foreign countries .................. 323,500 141,500 182,000 155,510 72,100 83,410
5.J OASDI Current-Pay Benefits: Geographic Data

CONTACT: Rona Blumenthal/Salvatore Gallicchio (410) 965-0163/0158 for further information.

234 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Table 5.J4.—Total monthly benefit, by type of benefit, December 2000

[In thousands. Based on 10-percent sample]

State

Social Security program

Total

Retirement Survivors Disability

Retired

 workers1

1 Includes special age-72 beneficiaries.

Spouses Children

Widows,

 widowers,

and parents Children

Disabled

 workers Spouses Children

Total 2 .........................

2 Includes beneficiaries with unknown state code.

$34,854,200 $24,075,785 $1,201,931 $181,166 $4,032,189 $1,030,430 $3,963,282 $32,859 $336,559

Alabama................................ 586,094 364,925 19,959 3,762 75,307 21,151 91,533 825 8,631

Alaska ................................... 39,836 25,843 1,054 354 3,627 2,529 5,797 34 599

Arizona.................................. 620,816 443,040 22,181 2,689 62,284 15,594 69,008 472 5,548

Arkansas............................... 360,110 230,619 11,596 1,865 43,498 11,690 55,637 380 4,824

California............................... 3,279,164 2,311,844 123,346 19,297 351,822 94,082 349,365 2,547 26,861

Colorado ............................... 402,577 275,003 15,915 1,641 45,825 11,882 47,713 347 4,252

Connecticut........................... 495,515 374,403 13,381 2,370 46,283 11,797 43,298 266 3,718

Delaware............................... 109,257 77,040 3,543 578 11,926 2,971 12,146 77 976

District of Columbia............... 49,383 34,301 1,096 236 5,273 2,001 6,198 13 264

Florida................................... 2,483,561 1,818,566 81,609 11,320 253,045 56,069 241,668 1,780 19,503

Georgia ................................. 808,086 526,209 22,973 4,160 89,566 32,618 121,098 841 10,620

Hawaii ................................... 142,159 109,261 4,005 937 12,232 3,772 10,860 85 1,007

Idaho..................................... 146,087 102,476 5,950 668 16,041 4,218 15,453 149 1,133

Illinois.................................... 1,497,284 1,058,759 48,977 7,505 179,654 46,186 142,768 1,018 12,416

Indiana .................................. 800,794 556,083 26,350 4,041 95,887 24,181 86,087 602 7,564

Iowa ...................................... 418,786 296,515 17,540 1,789 53,486 9,633 36,533 265 3,023

Kansas.................................. 347,639 246,236 13,070 1,432 42,344 9,004 32,417 176 2,961

Kentucky ............................... 519,403 302,999 19,072 2,640 69,820 16,418 98,301 1,363 8,790

Louisiana............................... 490,146 283,904 23,071 3,334 79,306 22,033 69,889 1,135 7,474

Maine .................................... 177,175 119,160 5,871 841 19,701 4,452 24,867 174 2,109

Maryland ............................... 568,689 402,148 17,122 2,957 63,798 20,128 57,628 254 4,654

Massachusetts...................... 833,030 592,084 23,389 3,956 87,035 20,199 97,607 500 8,262

Michigan................................ 1,355,471 924,577 48,901 7,297 163,145 41,439 154,776 1,210 14,126

Minnesota ............................. 570,270 409,342 21,260 2,582 66,329 14,988 51,310 263 4,197

Mississippi............................. 345,057 207,095 9,456 2,585 40,738 15,254 62,843 590 6,497

Missouri................................. 758,648 516,008 24,643 3,683 87,700 22,883 94,843 728 8,159

Montana................................ 117,418 80,414 4,730 574 14,093 3,287 13,097 136 1,088

Nebraska............................... 216,661 154,090 9,095 944 26,511 5,380 18,872 121 1,649

Nevada.................................. 227,775 165,658 6,188 1,094 20,693 5,838 26,220 151 1,934

New Hampshire .................... 159,707 115,352 4,343 679 15,694 4,302 17,510 93 1,734

New Jersey ........................... 1,166,595 865,187 28,183 5,460 120,477 29,932 107,630 724 9,002

New Mexico .......................... 196,600 130,546 8,467 1,237 22,569 7,235 24,103 243 2,200

New York............................... 2,463,458 1,759,515 68,356 14,071 252,908 65,328 277,941 2,258 23,081

North Carolina....................... 998,643 680,305 25,369 4,197 98,313 30,264 147,051 886 12,257

North Dakota......................... 82,083 54,970 4,274 341 13,062 1,995 6,792 60 589

Ohio ...................................... 1,501,679 1,010,369 64,464 7,330 209,977 41,533 154,119 1,321 12,567

Oklahoma.............................. 437,230 293,727 15,665 2,023 56,109 14,295 50,871 450 4,090

Oregon.................................. 448,400 323,146 16,195 2,093 47,945 11,059 44,409 356 3,196

Pennsylvania......................... 1,891,167 1,342,184 65,705 8,080 242,475 46,664 171,570 1,456 13,033

Rhode Island......................... 150,039 110,290 3,150 636 13,475 3,487 17,550 93 1,359

South Carolina ...................... 504,741 333,830 13,234 2,440 50,728 18,362 78,978 510 6,659

South Dakota ........................ 95,829 66,171 4,291 406 12,593 2,995 8,543 28 801

Tennessee............................. 724,754 468,453 23,516 3,608 86,847 23,962 108,196 948 9,224

Texas..................................... 1,945,753 1,295,337 83,969 11,583 262,283 73,904 198,514 2,233 17,929

Utah ...................................... 185,762 132,990 8,196 1,171 18,029 6,985 16,581 105 1,706

Vermont................................. 78,815 54,725 2,485 427 8,320 2,060 9,763 92 943

Virginia.................................. 774,442 522,891 25,032 3,736 88,272 24,992 100,062 908 8,549

Washington ........................... 681,942 487,407 25,663 3,165 70,952 17,816 70,958 491 5,490

West Virginia......................... 290,021 166,055 12,497 1,617 45,228 8,879 50,733 944 4,068

Wisconsin.............................. 717,999 521,393 24,340 3,487 80,573 18,141 64,315 302 5,448

Wyoming .............................. 59,582 42,528 2,183 259 5,946 1,734 6,333 71 527

Outlying areas:

American Samoa............... 2,284 692 44 99 237 343 745 13 112

Guam................................. 5,319 3,177 289 156 580 569 451 18 80

Northern Mariana

Islands ......................... 675 340 21 47 86 126 41 . . . 15

Puerto Rico........................ 327,393 163,066 13,971 3,800 39,123 14,690 82,978 1,548 8,217

Virgin Islands..................... 8,423 5,901 309 139 709 415 849 25 77

Foreign countries .................. 185,733 115,156 12,205 1,693 41,537 6,539 7,689 179 734
5.J OASDI Current-Pay Benefits: Geographic Data

CONTACT: Rona Blumenthal/Salvatore Gallicchio (410) 965-0163/0158 for further information.

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 235

Table 5.J5.—Number, by age, December 2000

[Based on 10-percent sample]

State Total

Age

17 or

under 18–54 55–61 62–64 65–69 70–74 75–79 80–84 85–89 90–99

100 or

older

Total 1 .................

 1 Includes beneficiaries with unknown state code.

 45,417,470 2,979,420 3,923,630 1,818,670 3,977,580 8,793,000 8,211,020 6,976,700 4,704,280 2,662,000 1,331,690 39,480

Alabama........................ 826,710 71,480 93,750 44,900 78,930 154,790 138,030 109,350 72,410 41,370 21,070 630

Alaska ........................... 54,950 7,420 6,360 2,300 5,620 11,510 8,840 6,530 3,790 1,760 820 . . .

Arizona.......................... 791,330 51,230 62,450 29,150 73,530 158,650 146,660 125,250 81,490 43,020 19,420 480

Arkansas....................... 517,230 40,330 54,700 28,380 48,710 97,470 85,140 72,430 47,440 28,010 14,190 430

California....................... 4,208,290 269,790 342,840 150,990 338,830 829,180 775,890 674,890 451,250 249,750 121,450 3,430

Colorado ....................... 535,270 35,690 47,880 18,720 47,930 109,620 96,680 79,800 53,250 29,910 15,420 370

Connecticut................... 578,650 30,450 42,050 17,710 41,210 107,720 108,420 98,810 70,890 40,100 20,660 630

Delaware....................... 134,900 8,520 11,210 5,140 12,580 27,840 25,610 20,070 13,350 7,170 3,260 150

District of Columbia....... 74,030 5,030 6,620 2,770 4,820 13,190 13,240 11,710 8,680 5,220 2,660 90

Florida........................... 3,193,390 180,510 221,300 111,680 272,090 614,320 608,950 532,440 358,600 195,980 95,180 2,340

Georgia ......................... 1,106,410 94,640 120,110 58,560 107,120 220,440 181,360 144,530 96,960 54,910 27,010 770

Hawaii ........................... 184,140 10,970 11,660 4,680 14,030 37,060 37,200 32,520 19,720 11,100 5,030 170

Idaho............................. 194,030 12,200 14,970 7,340 18,930 39,510 34,450 28,590 20,950 11,430 5,530 130

Illinois............................ 1,842,350 113,980 142,620 61,880 151,560 354,040 337,230 293,090 206,450 118,930 60,680 1,890

Indiana .......................... 994,060 63,180 86,280 38,860 89,760 192,860 180,780 151,850 101,860 58,460 29,240 930

Iowa .............................. 540,360 24,550 38,000 16,270 46,480 101,190 99,920 87,900 65,240 38,530 21,440 840

Kansas.......................... 440,010 25,580 34,150 13,270 34,990 83,150 79,190 69,620 51,590 30,220 17,620 630

Kentucky ....................... 739,010 59,660 96,740 45,330 70,410 134,240 117,430 97,380 63,660 36,110 17,600 450

Louisiana....................... 710,870 68,770 77,210 35,080 63,370 130,670 122,240 98,300 62,310 35,200 17,340 380

Maine ............................ 251,480 16,520 26,680 11,270 21,280 47,800 43,520 38,020 24,700 14,030 7,440 220

Maryland ....................... 723,250 48,680 55,080 24,530 61,570 144,760 135,780 115,960 75,360 40,440 20,480 610

Massachusetts.............. 1,063,950 61,440 99,200 38,330 71,630 194,490 191,990 173,430 123,760 71,350 37,020 1,310

Michigan........................ 1,644,640 107,710 148,270 65,730 151,350 310,530 296,340 254,550 170,500 93,480 44,650 1,530

Minnesota ..................... 738,750 36,000 54,150 21,920 66,620 144,740 134,800 114,620 84,740 51,800 28,500 860

Mississippi..................... 516,260 56,630 67,490 30,360 46,760 90,100 80,190 64,060 41,730 25,180 13,250 510

Missouri......................... 1,004,500 69,280 94,190 43,550 90,940 191,850 174,920 147,170 99,470 60,850 31,320 960

Montana........................ 157,720 10,280 12,860 6,120 15,540 30,310 28,240 22,710 17,110 9,590 4,840 120

Nebraska....................... 284,370 14,630 19,920 8,530 22,790 54,880 54,320 45,000 32,170 20,520 11,210 400

Nevada.......................... 287,200 18,570 20,360 11,810 30,480 65,370 56,430 43,860 23,690 11,550 4,990 90

New Hampshire ............ 200,490 11,950 17,820 6,900 17,630 39,740 38,090 29,950 20,330 11,380 6,490 210

New Jersey ................... 1,352,210 76,230 96,840 45,560 100,810 263,030 260,450 224,530 154,760 87,280 41,600 1,120

New Mexico .................. 280,660 24,880 25,700 11,160 27,140 56,050 49,570 39,580 25,130 14,380 6,930 140

New York....................... 3,005,760 185,900 258,290 120,780 248,190 570,260 545,590 465,700 320,300 187,830 99,290 3,630

North Carolina............... 1,349,740 94,610 136,520 71,330 128,730 267,670 234,830 190,730 123,890 67,480 33,110 840

North Dakota................. 114,100 5,050 7,300 3,210 9,580 21,540 21,180 18,670 13,420 8,830 5,150 170

Ohio .............................. 1,918,410 106,510 158,740 70,110 169,850 367,500 360,520 309,970 205,980 114,680 52,870 1,680

Oklahoma...................... 594,020 39,040 49,130 26,500 55,890 119,620 104,270 88,460 58,140 34,660 17,790 520

Oregon.......................... 568,250 29,380 43,380 20,410 53,230 107,730 102,750 91,940 64,070 36,680 18,300 380

Pennsylvania................. 2,357,380 113,800 169,440 81,000 199,670 443,680 455,160 396,870 273,120 151,380 71,490 1,770

Rhode Island................. 191,680 10,750 17,240 7,880 13,610 32,680 34,270 32,400 23,100 12,860 6,650 240

South Carolina .............. 689,020 55,830 75,340 39,260 66,570 133,780 116,750 95,100 60,000 30,860 15,080 450

South Dakota ................ 136,050 8,370 9,600 4,010 11,170 25,180 24,400 21,450 15,950 9,990 5,690 240

Tennessee..................... 995,810 74,860 108,000 53,990 95,540 194,790 166,910 136,450 87,550 52,240 24,660 820

Texas............................. 2,638,130 202,590 213,460 96,900 245,120 549,110 478,350 389,280 247,920 140,720 72,870 1,810

Utah .............................. 242,280 19,620 18,390 7,290 21,020 50,350 43,610 36,110 25,460 13,970 6,370 90

Vermont......................... 104,680 6,910 10,330 4,180 9,540 20,090 18,560 15,190 10,440 6,230 3,110 100

Virginia.......................... 1,035,090 71,020 96,470 47,560 95,290 206,990 184,090 152,010 99,520 54,440 26,860 840

Washington ................... 845,210 46,630 69,680 29,920 77,190 166,730 149,840 132,780 93,730 51,390 26,540 780

West Virginia................. 390,430 25,250 46,810 24,860 38,520 68,730 65,790 55,560 35,060 19,980 9,550 320

Wisconsin...................... 899,520 44,450 66,730 28,000 82,660 174,340 167,420 140,940 102,590 59,690 31,740 960

Wyoming ...................... 77,240 5,020 6,130 2,740 7,740 16,090 14,250 11,070 7,880 4,090 2,160 70

Outlying areas:

American Samoa....... 5,410 1,890 800 560 510 680 520 170 160 90 30 . . .

Guam......................... 10,710 2,300 920 230 1,140 2,530 1,890 1,140 390 130 40 . . .

Northern Mariana

Islands ................. 1,740 500 230 90 160 400 210 70 60 20 . . . . . .

Puerto Rico................ 665,490 80,120 97,350 50,990 69,870 114,390 89,420 72,980 48,400 28,260 13,280 430

Virgin Islands............. 13,430 1,430 980 590 1,770 3,110 2,330 1,560 910 420 310 20

Foreign countries .......... 393,070 20,200 12,710 7,440 29,220 82,930 85,640 71,320 42,670 26,040 14,400 500
5.J OASDI Current-Pay Benefits: Geographic Data

CONTACT: Rona Blumenthal/Salvatore Gallicchio (410) 965-0163/0158 for further information.

236 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Table 5.J5.1.—Number, by race 1 and sex, December 2000

[Based on 10-percent sample]

1 For a description of the race data, see footnotes 1 and 3 in table 5.A1.

State

Race Adult beneficiaries

Total 2

2 Includes persons of unknown race.

White Black Other Men Women

Total 3 .........................

3 Includes beneficiaries with unknown state code.

 45,417,470 38,853,370 4,622,040 1,768,950 17,716,940 23,890,040

Alabama................................ 826,710 626,340 188,040 10,610 309,140 427,840

Alaska ................................... 54,950 42,190 1,750 10,780 22,690 23,900

Arizona.................................. 791,330 725,600 20,310 43,100 325,050 405,690

Arkansas............................... 517,230 444,600 64,520 7,030 199,140 267,610

California............................... 4,208,290 3,453,230 294,530 440,080 1,692,040 2,181,970

Colorado ............................... 535,270 495,650 18,190 19,090 214,540 277,820

Connecticut........................... 578,650 525,710 36,210 13,620 224,200 314,080

Delaware............................... 134,900 112,200 19,930 2,390 52,830 71,510

District of Columbia............... 74,030 18,420 52,800 2,280 27,510 39,990

Florida................................... 3,193,390 2,801,500 295,270 83,240 1,306,560 1,669,070

Georgia ................................. 1,106,410 818,680 265,470 19,400 408,860 579,260

Hawaii ................................... 184,140 48,330 2,200 132,560 76,020 94,710

Idaho..................................... 194,030 188,210 380 4,620 79,990 99,110

Illinois.................................... 1,842,350 1,551,040 234,690 50,150 703,010 990,130

Indiana .................................. 994,060 905,930 73,300 11,950 378,420 532,830

Iowa ...................................... 540,360 525,720 8,350 4,660 212,620 293,480

Kansas.................................. 440,010 409,000 21,460 8,120 168,950 238,220

Kentucky ............................... 739,010 682,200 44,720 10,020 287,400 374,170

Louisiana............................... 710,870 499,520 196,040 12,970 269,120 353,800

Maine .................................... 251,480 244,720 760 4,860 100,580 129,410

Maryland ............................... 723,250 543,770 157,590 19,550 275,460 387,110

Massachusetts...................... 1,063,950 985,370 40,680 31,720 406,720 576,400

Michigan................................ 1,644,640 1,410,300 201,010 28,310 637,490 863,710

Minnesota ............................. 738,750 711,170 12,300 12,230 291,340 398,110

Mississippi............................. 516,260 350,350 156,790 7,860 187,130 259,130

Missouri................................. 1,004,500 900,830 90,030 10,840 386,650 530,040

Montana................................ 157,720 151,330 350 5,460 65,240 79,740

Nebraska............................... 284,370 270,060 8,880 4,630 109,970 155,200

Nevada.................................. 287,200 253,690 17,790 14,800 125,140 141,050

New Hampshire .................... 200,490 195,530 930 3,090 79,670 105,420

New Jersey ........................... 1,352,210 1,151,460 148,810 46,150 512,870 742,080

New Mexico .......................... 280,660 247,690 5,150 26,710 113,830 137,140

New York............................... 3,005,760 2,475,360 359,420 153,080 1,146,970 1,612,900

North Carolina....................... 1,349,740 1,058,370 263,610 24,590 511,760 718,140

North Dakota......................... 114,100 110,330 270 2,850 45,360 61,440

Ohio ...................................... 1,918,410 1,706,030 182,110 23,130 746,090 1,026,110

Oklahoma.............................. 594,020 537,490 33,460 21,330 231,140 313,120

Oregon.................................. 568,250 545,030 7,410 13,910 232,110 298,730

Pennsylvania......................... 2,357,380 2,139,070 176,710 34,950 905,320 1,295,560

Rhode Island......................... 191,680 179,430 5,950 5,120 73,230 104,280

South Carolina ...................... 689,020 502,520 176,350 8,080 258,800 359,430

South Dakota ........................ 136,050 129,450 450 5,740 53,300 71,870

Tennessee............................. 995,810 857,550 123,890 11,980 375,500 524,220

Texas..................................... 2,638,130 2,233,880 284,690 111,430 1,028,930 1,358,690

Utah ...................................... 242,280 231,990 1,580 7,850 96,420 122,400

Vermont................................. 104,680 102,200 420 1,340 41,360 54,290

Virginia.................................. 1,035,090 819,880 189,270 22,660 396,820 547,960

Washington ........................... 845,210 784,930 20,610 36,600 344,050 441,740

West Virginia......................... 390,430 372,460 10,820 6,200 156,290 197,470

Wisconsin.............................. 899,520 853,230 32,320 10,680 358,320 479,440

Wyoming .............................. 77,240 74,670 370 1,860 32,770 38,400

Outlying areas:

American Samoa............... 5,410 430 30 4,950 1,510 1,970

Guam................................. 10,710 1,230 310 9,020 4,040 4,260

Northern Mariana

Islands ......................... 1,740 220 30 1,480 560 600

Puerto Rico........................ 665,490 514,470 50,040 96,760 258,340 303,190

Virgin Islands..................... 13,430 2,630 9,790 910 5,250 6,390

Foreign countries .................. 393,070 327,510 12,540 49,260 160,800 206,740
5.J OASDI Current-Pay Benefits: Geographic Data

CONTACT: Rona Blumenthal/Salvatore Gallicchio (410) 965-0163/0158 for further information.

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 237

Table 5.J6.—Average and median monthly benefit for retired workers and number and percentage distribution, by 

monthly benefit, December 2000

[Based on 10-percent sample]

State

Monthly benefit

Number

Percentage distribution of beneficiaries receiving—

Total

Less

than

$400.00

$400.00-

$499.90

$500.00-

$599.90

$600.00-

$699.90

$700.00-

$799.90

$800.00-

$899.90

$900.00-

$999.90

$1,000.00-

$1,099.90

$1,100.00-

$1,199.90

$1,200.00

Average Median or more

 Total 1 ...........

 1 Includes beneficiaries with unknown state code.

$844.60 $851.00 28,505,990 100.0 8.3 8.9 10.3 8.7 8.8 10.2 11.5 11.3 7.8 14.2

Alabama................... 796.80 784.00 457,990 100.0 9.6 10.1 11.5 10.4 10.0 10.9 10.7 9.6 6.6 10.7

Alaska ...................... 825.10 806.00 31,320 100.0 10.0 10.4 10.8 9.3 8.5 9.4 9.6 9.4 7.3 15.4

Arizona..................... 856.70 877.00 517,120 100.0 7.0 8.2 10.0 8.1 8.6 10.9 12.8 12.3 8.4 13.8

Arkansas.................. 776.70 756.00 296,920 100.0 8.9 10.7 12.6 11.5 11.0 11.4 10.4 9.2 5.6 8.7

California.................. 853.50 854.00 2,708,560 100.0 9.9 8.8 9.8 8.4 8.2 9.2 10.4 10.6 7.7 16.9

Colorado .................. 821.90 830.00 334,580 100.0 10.8 9.1 10.2 8.5 8.5 9.6 11.0 11.0 7.8 13.4

Connecticut.............. 926.40 937.00 404,160 100.0 4.7 6.5 8.8 7.8 7.8 9.9 11.9 12.7 9.4 20.3

Delaware.................. 880.20 907.00 87,530 100.0 4.9 8.5 9.8 8.0 7.9 9.9 13.4 14.1 8.8 14.8

District of Columbia.. 713.60 638.00 48,070 100.0 23.2 11.0 11.8 9.8 8.8 7.1 6.6 5.0 4.2 12.5

Florida...................... 840.40 843.00 2,163,900 100.0 7.5 9.4 10.6 8.8 9.2 10.8 11.7 11.3 7.4 13.3

Georgia .................... 812.10 792.00 647,960 100.0 8.8 9.5 11.4 10.9 10.1 10.1 10.1 10.1 6.8 12.2

Hawaii ...................... 834.00 835.00 131,010 100.0 9.5 8.8 9.9 8.8 9.3 10.8 11.8 10.3 7.2 13.6

Idaho........................ 822.30 832.00 124,620 100.0 7.5 10.5 9.9 8.9 9.5 11.7 12.3 11.4 7.6 10.8

Illinois....................... 884.90 905.00 1,196,410 100.0 7.1 7.8 9.5 7.7 7.6 9.7 11.8 12.3 9.0 17.4

Indiana ..................... 883.40 906.00 629,500 100.0 4.6 7.7 9.7 7.6 8.3 11.2 13.9 13.6 9.2 14.2

Iowa ......................... 843.40 856.00 351,570 100.0 6.2 9.2 10.4 8.5 9.4 11.6 13.2 11.8 7.9 11.8

Kansas..................... 865.00 872.00 284,660 100.0 5.9 8.7 9.9 8.6 9.3 10.7 12.0 12.1 8.1 14.7

Kentucky .................. 791.50 783.00 382,810 100.0 10.0 10.4 11.3 10.0 10.0 10.5 11.1 10.3 6.6 9.9

Louisiana.................. 783.40 768.00 362,400 100.0 13.0 10.8 11.0 9.3 8.6 9.3 10.2 9.6 6.7 11.5

Maine ....................... 776.20 766.00 153,520 100.0 10.8 10.2 11.3 10.5 10.9 11.1 10.8 9.6 5.8 8.9

Maryland .................. 849.60 856.00 473,310 100.0 10.1 8.3 9.6 8.3 8.6 9.4 10.7 11.3 7.8 15.9

Massachusetts......... 849.20 849.00 697,230 100.0 9.2 8.8 10.4 8.8 8.5 9.4 10.5 10.6 7.6 16.1

Michigan................... 908.80 929.00 1,017,370 100.0 4.0 7.3 9.0 6.6 7.7 11.4 13.7 14.5 9.6 16.3

Minnesota ................ 835.30 848.00 490,040 100.0 8.0 9.4 11.0 8.9 8.2 9.7 11.8 12.1 8.1 12.8

Mississippi................ 762.30 731.00 271,660 100.0 11.0 11.4 12.8 11.1 10.9 10.2 9.7 8.3 5.4 9.1

Missouri.................... 831.60 837.00 620,490 100.0 7.8 9.2 10.7 9.3 9.2 10.6 11.9 11.6 7.5 12.2

Montana................... 818.50 828.00 98,240 100.0 8.1 9.9 10.3 9.0 9.5 11.5 12.2 11.6 7.5 10.4

Nebraska.................. 828.40 823.00 186,000 100.0 7.3 9.6 10.7 9.6 10.2 10.8 11.7 10.7 7.2 12.2

Nevada..................... 851.10 858.00 194,640 100.0 8.1 8.1 10.2 9.0 8.8 10.3 10.9 11.8 8.5 14.3

New Hampshire ....... 859.80 863.00 134,160 100.0 6.5 7.8 10.3 9.3 9.6 11.0 11.8 11.3 8.3 14.3

New Jersey .............. 932.60 947.00 927,730 100.0 4.9 6.8 9.1 7.6 7.5 9.1 11.0 12.2 9.7 22.0

New Mexico ............. 788.40 775.00 165,580 100.0 11.7 10.0 10.9 9.8 10.0 10.2 10.4 9.6 6.4 11.0

New York.................. 897.10 903.00 1,961,250 100.0 6.2 7.7 9.3 7.9 8.3 10.2 11.7 12.0 8.5 18.0

North Carolina.......... 813.70 799.00 836,050 100.0 7.1 8.9 11.3 11.2 11.4 11.7 11.2 10.0 6.5 10.6

North Dakota............ 788.30 770.00 69,730 100.0 9.9 10.9 11.5 10.9 10.0 10.0 10.2 9.7 6.6 10.4

Ohio ......................... 861.60 897.00 1,172,680 100.0 8.3 8.1 9.2 7.2 7.4 10.2 13.3 13.2 9.0 14.3

Oklahoma................. 805.30 801.00 364,720 100.0 9.3 9.8 10.8 10.0 9.8 10.9 11.5 10.4 6.7 10.7

Oregon..................... 854.70 878.00 378,090 100.0 6.3 8.6 9.9 8.1 8.6 11.3 13.7 12.8 8.3 12.4

Pennsylvania............ 868.40 890.00 1,545,630 100.0 5.7 8.4 9.8 7.8 8.4 11.2 13.7 12.9 8.3 13.7

Rhode Island............ 844.90 840.00 130,530 100.0 7.0 8.7 10.5 9.2 9.9 11.9 11.6 10.4 7.5 13.4

South Carolina ......... 812.20 799.00 411,030 100.0 7.6 9.1 11.3 10.9 11.0 11.4 11.0 10.0 6.7 10.9

South Dakota ........... 774.20 760.00 85,470 100.0 10.0 11.7 11.6 10.1 10.9 11.1 10.3 9.4 6.1 8.7

Tennessee................ 811.10 795.00 577,560 100.0 8.2 9.8 11.5 10.6 10.3 10.7 10.9 10.0 6.5 11.5

Texas........................ 821.00 810.00 1,577,730 100.0 10.6 9.6 10.8 9.2 8.8 9.3 10.2 10.2 7.0 14.2

Utah ......................... 848.00 876.00 156,820 100.0 9.5 9.1 10.0 7.9 7.2 8.5 11.5 12.2 8.6 15.5

Vermont.................... 831.40 829.00 65,820 100.0 6.6 9.0 10.8 9.5 10.3 12.2 11.8 11.4 7.0 11.5

Virginia..................... 820.80 810.00 637,040 100.0 9.5 9.0 11.0 9.8 9.5 10.2 10.6 10.2 7.0 13.1

Washington .............. 879.10 903.00 554,450 100.0 6.1 7.9 9.6 7.8 8.0 10.2 12.7 13.0 9.2 15.5

West Virginia............ 833.10 854.00 199,320 100.0 6.8 9.2 9.3 8.7 9.4 12.4 14.1 12.6 7.6 10.0

Wisconsin................. 864.10 893.00 603,380 100.0 5.1 8.8 10.1 7.8 8.1 10.9 14.0 14.0 8.9 12.3

Wyoming ................. 841.00 847.00 50,570 100.0 7.3 9.3 10.9 8.5 9.2 10.1 11.1 12.2 8.1 13.2

Outlying areas:

American Samoa.. 501.50 448.50 1,380 100.0 35.5 26.8 12.3 8.7 3.6 3.6 2.2 3.6 1.4 2.2

Guam ................... 590.50 515.00 5,380 100.0 25.5 21.6 13.6 10.8 9.3 5.9 3.3 3.2 2.2 4.6

Northern Mariana

Islands ............ 478.30 424.00 710 100.0 45.1 22.5 9.9 4.2 4.2 4.2 1.4 1.4 2.8 4.2

Puerto Rico .......... 555.40 510.00 293,610 100.0 29.3 18.8 16.1 11.5 8.0 5.6 3.9 2.5 1.6 2.7

Virgin Islands........ 710.10 643.00 8,310 100.0 13.6 15.8 15.4 11.4 9.6 8.7 7.2 5.3 4.2 8.8

Foreign countries ..... 509.80 471.00 225,890 100.0 38.8 15.3 12.6 8.9 6.5 5.5 4.2 3.2 1.9 3.1
5.J OASDI Current-Pay Benefits: Geographic Data

CONTACT: Rona Blumenthal/Salvatore Gallicchio (410) 965-0163/0158 for further information.

238 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Table 5.J8.—Average and median monthly benefit for disabled workers and number and percentage distribution, by 

monthly benefit, December 2000

[Based on 10-percent sample]

State

Monthly benefit

Number

Percentage distribution of beneficiaries receiving—

Total

Less

than

$400.00

$400.00-

$499.90

$500.00-

$599.90

$600.00-

$699.90

$700.00-

$799.90

$800.00-

$899.90

$900.00-

$999.90

$1,000.00-

$1,099.90

$1,100.00-

$1,199.90

$1,200.00

Average Median or more

 Total 1 ...........

 1 Includes beneficiaries with unknown state code.

$787.00 $736.00 5,035,840 100.0 8.7 9.9 14.0 13.1 11.2 9.4 7.9 6.4 5.4 14.0

Alabama................... 755.70 703.00 121,120 100.0 8.8 10.6 15.8 14.4 12.0 9.7 7.3 5.9 4.6 10.9

Alaska ...................... 777.10 712.00 7,460 100.0 10.2 11.0 14.5 12.9 10.5 9.0 7.5 4.7 4.6 15.3

Arizona..................... 816.70 767.00 84,500 100.0 6.8 9.6 13.4 13.0 10.6 9.4 8.1 6.6 6.2 16.4

Arkansas.................. 738.00 697.00 75,390 100.0 9.2 11.2 15.3 14.7 13.2 10.0 7.9 6.0 4.3 8.3

California.................. 799.00 751.00 437,270 100.0 9.5 9.8 13.1 12.1 10.4 9.3 7.8 6.5 5.7 15.9

Colorado .................. 778.60 728.00 61,280 100.0 8.4 10.1 14.6 13.7 11.7 8.9 7.8 6.7 5.5 12.7

Connecticut.............. 814.00 757.00 53,190 100.0 6.7 9.0 13.7 13.0 11.9 9.5 8.3 6.5 5.5 15.8

Delaware.................. 814.10 768.00 14,920 100.0 8.6 8.5 13.5 12.1 10.1 9.6 7.5 7.3 5.8 17.0

District of Columbia.. 731.80 693.00 8,470 100.0 8.6 11.3 14.2 16.5 13.6 11.6 7.8 4.7 3.3 8.4

Florida...................... 791.60 743.00 305,290 100.0 7.9 10.0 13.9 13.1 11.5 9.7 7.9 6.6 5.4 14.0

Georgia .................... 766.80 721.00 157,920 100.0 8.0 9.5 14.7 15.0 12.6 10.0 8.2 6.3 4.9 10.8

Hawaii ...................... 803.90 760.00 13,510 100.0 7.5 8.4 14.8 12.7 11.3 9.6 8.8 6.3 5.5 15.1

Idaho........................ 771.90 724.00 20,020 100.0 10.6 9.9 14.4 12.3 10.2 9.4 8.3 6.3 5.7 12.7

Illinois....................... 815.50 770.00 175,060 100.0 7.9 9.3 13.1 12.1 10.8 9.6 7.7 6.7 6.0 16.8

Indiana ..................... 795.60 743.00 108,210 100.0 8.9 10.3 13.6 12.0 11.1 9.1 7.8 6.2 5.6 15.5

Iowa ......................... 764.30 719.00 47,800 100.0 10.6 10.7 14.1 12.3 10.6 9.3 7.8 7.3 5.3 11.9

Kansas..................... 764.70 712.00 42,390 100.0 10.0 10.6 15.3 12.9 10.9 8.8 7.3 6.8 5.4 11.9

Kentucky .................. 782.30 727.00 125,650 100.0 10.3 10.6 13.7 12.4 10.4 8.6 7.1 6.5 5.4 15.0

Louisiana.................. 790.10 741.00 88,460 100.0 10.3 10.1 12.9 12.2 10.6 8.4 7.2 6.8 5.7 15.8

Maine ....................... 716.60 674.00 34,700 100.0 11.4 11.7 15.6 14.8 12.2 10.0 7.3 5.5 3.7 7.8

Maryland .................. 820.90 776.00 70,200 100.0 7.0 8.5 12.4 13.3 11.6 10.1 8.5 6.6 5.8 16.2

Massachusetts......... 778.20 723.00 125,430 100.0 7.4 9.8 15.1 14.3 12.4 9.7 7.7 6.4 4.7 12.5

Michigan................... 846.90 809.00 182,760 100.0 8.6 8.5 11.8 10.8 9.4 8.8 7.7 6.9 6.5 21.0

Minnesota ................ 770.40 716.00 66,600 100.0 9.3 10.8 14.8 13.1 11.4 9.1 7.2 5.8 5.3 13.1

Mississippi................ 733.30 683.00 85,700 100.0 9.1 11.4 15.5 16.2 12.3 9.7 7.5 5.6 3.9 8.8

Missouri.................... 770.30 715.00 123,130 100.0 9.0 10.2 14.9 13.9 11.1 9.4 8.1 5.9 5.0 12.6

Montana................... 776.40 744.00 16,870 100.0 9.2 11.4 13.1 11.9 10.5 10.8 7.3 7.1 6.6 12.1

Nebraska.................. 743.60 683.00 25,380 100.0 10.0 12.3 15.0 14.9 10.4 8.1 7.6 6.7 5.0 10.0

Nevada..................... 835.00 793.50 31,400 100.0 6.9 8.0 13.1 12.0 10.4 9.0 8.9 7.7 6.3 17.7

New Hampshire ....... 788.40 743.00 22,210 100.0 6.2 10.4 13.8 14.4 12.6 10.1 8.4 6.5 5.2 12.6

New Jersey .............. 845.30 798.00 127,330 100.0 6.5 8.5 12.9 12.0 10.1 9.6 8.1 7.1 5.6 19.5

New Mexico ............. 762.30 716.50 31,620 100.0 9.3 10.5 14.5 13.6 11.4 10.3 7.3 6.5 5.7 11.0

New York.................. 832.50 785.00 333,870 100.0 7.8 9.0 12.6 11.9 10.1 9.1 8.1 6.6 6.1 18.6

North Carolina.......... 761.40 722.00 193,120 100.0 7.8 9.6 14.7 14.7 13.2 11.0 8.4 6.3 4.8 9.5

North Dakota............ 748.00 705.50 9,080 100.0 11.5 10.8 14.8 12.3 11.8 8.8 8.5 6.7 3.7 11.1

Ohio ......................... 788.60 740.00 195,430 100.0 10.3 10.4 13.3 11.8 10.1 8.3 7.8 6.7 6.2 15.1

Oklahoma................. 773.10 734.00 65,800 100.0 9.5 10.5 14.1 12.2 11.1 9.8 8.3 6.9 5.6 12.1

Oregon..................... 778.70 732.00 57,030 100.0 10.0 10.1 14.1 12.2 10.9 8.7 8.3 6.1 5.9 13.6

Pennsylvania............ 803.10 760.00 213,630 100.0 8.8 9.1 13.0 12.5 10.4 9.2 8.3 7.4 6.3 14.9

Rhode Island............ 764.00 710.00 22,970 100.0 8.6 10.4 15.1 14.5 11.4 9.6 7.6 6.6 5.1 11.1

South Carolina ......... 771.50 730.00 102,370 100.0 7.3 8.8 14.9 14.8 13.2 10.6 8.9 6.3 4.8 10.4

South Dakota ........... 710.80 663.00 12,020 100.0 14.6 12.0 14.1 14.6 9.8 10.3 6.4 5.7 4.2 8.3

Tennessee................ 756.80 711.50 142,960 100.0 8.9 10.1 14.8 14.7 12.4 10.2 7.9 6.2 4.6 10.2

Texas........................ 780.40 736.00 254,380 100.0 8.8 9.7 14.3 12.9 11.4 9.8 8.4 6.4 5.3 12.9

Utah ......................... 771.20 706.00 21,500 100.0 10.8 11.7 15.3 11.6 9.4 7.3 7.5 6.0 5.1 15.3

Vermont.................... 755.70 713.00 12,920 100.0 9.0 10.1 15.3 13.9 12.5 10.1 8.2 6.4 4.3 10.0

Virginia..................... 784.10 734.00 127,610 100.0 8.8 9.3 13.8 14.0 11.6 9.6 7.9 6.2 5.3 13.5

Washington .............. 791.60 739.00 89,640 100.0 9.6 10.4 13.7 12.1 10.3 9.2 7.2 6.4 5.2 15.8

West Virginia............ 832.50 791.50 60,940 100.0 9.7 8.2 11.2 11.4 10.1 8.9 7.5 7.1 6.0 19.9

Wisconsin................. 781.10 733.00 82,340 100.0 9.7 10.5 14.3 11.5 11.1 8.9 7.6 6.4 6.2 13.7

Wyoming ................. 797.70 744.50 7,940 100.0 9.7 10.6 13.1 11.8 9.7 7.7 6.9 6.4 7.7 16.4

Outlying areas:

American Samoa.. 595.80 585.00 1,250 100.0 28.8 12.8 12.0 12.8 7.2 12.0 6.4 3.2 1.6 3.2

Guam ................... 682.70 638.00 660 100.0 15.2 13.6 10.6 16.7 10.6 12.1 4.5 6.1 3.0 7.6

Northern Mariana

Islands ............ 409.50 284.50 100 100.0 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) 2 (2)

 2 Base figure too small to meet statistical standards for reliability of derived figure.

 (2)

Puerto Rico .......... 666.90 626.00 124,420 100.0 8.9 12.4 22.6 19.9 12.6 8.6 5.7 3.8 2.1 3.4

Virgin Islands........ 725.50 676.00 1,170 100.0 10.3 12.8 17.1 12.8 12.0 11.1 4.3 5.1 4.3 10.3

Foreign countries ..... 683.40 658.00 11,250 100.0 19.0 10.8 13.0 12.1 11.3 8.7 7.2 5.1 4.5 8.4
5.J OASDI Current-Pay Benefits: Geographic Data

CONTACT: Rona Blumenthal/Salvatore Gallicchio (410) 965-0163/0158 for further information.

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 239

Table 5.J9.—Average and median monthly benefit for nondisabled widows and widowers and number and percentage 

distribution, by monthly benefit, December 2000

[Based on 10-percent sample]

State

Monthly benefit

Number

Percentage distribution of beneficiaries receiving—

Total

Less

than

$400.00

$400.00-

$499.90

$500.00-

$599.90

$600.00-

$699.90

$700.00-

$799.90

$800.00-

$899.90

$900.00-

$999.90

$1,000.00-

$1,099.90

$1,100.00-

$1,199.90

$1,200.00

Average Median or more

 Total 1 ...........

 1 Includes beneficiaries with unknown state code.

$810.20 $811.00 4,698,660 100.0 8.1 6.2 8.2 11.8 13.9 15.9 13.8 8.9 5.2 8.1

Alabama................... 733.40 724.00 94,690 100.0 12.1 9.5 11.1 14.0 13.5 13.7 11.0 6.3 3.7 5.1

Alaska ...................... 764.90 778.00 4,220 100.0 11.1 9.2 8.3 8.8 16.1 14.0 13.5 9.7 4.7 4.5

Arizona..................... 837.60 843.00 69,920 100.0 6.6 4.8 6.8 10.4 13.9 18.0 15.9 9.4 5.6 8.6

Arkansas.................. 714.00 699.00 56,620 100.0 12.6 10.2 12.7 14.5 13.3 12.9 10.1 6.0 3.3 4.3

California.................. 843.20 838.00 394,960 100.0 7.6 5.6 7.0 10.8 13.2 15.6 14.2 9.6 5.7 10.8

Colorado .................. 817.50 820.00 53,140 100.0 8.0 6.3 8.3 11.3 13.0 15.1 14.6 9.1 5.6 8.7

Connecticut.............. 898.80 886.00 49,430 100.0 3.7 2.8 5.4 9.5 13.6 17.6 15.9 11.6 8.4 11.6

Delaware.................. 868.10 870.00 13,010 100.0 3.5 3.8 6.8 10.1 14.9 17.6 17.0 11.1 5.9 9.3

District of Columbia.. 674.80 629.00 7,510 100.0 22.6 12.0 12.3 11.6 12.3 8.4 7.6 4.0 2.9 6.4

Florida...................... 835.20 826.00 288,490 100.0 5.9 5.1 7.7 12.1 14.7 17.0 14.3 8.9 5.3 9.0

Georgia .................... 745.20 734.00 110,720 100.0 11.7 9.0 11.4 13.1 13.7 13.6 10.7 6.8 3.7 6.2

Hawaii ...................... 783.30 782.00 14,730 100.0 9.1 7.3 7.9 12.3 15.8 16.4 12.2 8.0 5.2 5.8

Idaho........................ 825.30 822.00 18,400 100.0 4.5 5.4 9.2 11.5 15.6 17.9 15.0 9.1 4.3 7.6

Illinois....................... 871.80 867.00 195,660 100.0 5.1 4.2 5.7 9.9 13.9 17.1 15.9 11.1 6.5 10.6

Indiana ..................... 863.40 862.00 105,130 100.0 3.4 3.7 6.1 10.6 14.9 18.4 17.8 11.0 5.8 8.3

Iowa ......................... 829.70 821.00 62,420 100.0 3.9 5.2 8.7 12.9 15.8 18.2 13.5 9.1 5.1 7.7

Kansas..................... 858.20 842.00 47,270 100.0 4.3 4.7 8.3 11.9 14.3 15.3 14.6 9.6 6.5 10.4

Kentucky .................. 727.20 727.00 88,150 100.0 12.6 10.1 11.4 12.6 13.2 14.5 10.6 6.7 3.7 4.7

Louisiana.................. 740.60 730.00 98,750 100.0 12.7 8.7 11.0 13.3 13.2 13.4 11.0 7.0 3.7 6.0

Maine ....................... 765.10 754.00 24,410 100.0 9.1 7.0 9.5 16.1 14.7 14.7 12.4 7.0 4.1 5.5

Maryland .................. 819.20 822.00 74,110 100.0 8.3 6.3 7.4 11.0 13.7 15.5 14.1 9.7 5.4 8.6

Massachusetts......... 842.30 839.00 98,710 100.0 7.5 4.9 6.7 11.0 14.1 15.7 14.3 10.0 5.8 10.0

Michigan................... 869.80 865.00 177,670 100.0 3.3 3.2 5.0 10.6 15.0 20.1 17.4 11.1 6.3 8.1

Minnesota ................ 816.60 820.00 78,370 100.0 6.4 6.5 8.5 11.8 13.9 15.5 14.9 9.4 5.8 7.5

Mississippi................ 686.50 664.00 53,560 100.0 16.7 12.0 12.5 13.4 12.5 11.1 9.1 4.9 3.2 4.5

Missouri.................... 804.50 802.00 102,750 100.0 7.0 6.3 8.8 13.0 14.5 16.2 13.6 8.7 5.1 6.8

Montana................... 802.20 792.50 16,620 100.0 6.0 6.0 9.3 13.1 16.7 16.2 13.2 8.1 4.4 7.0

Nebraska.................. 832.90 813.00 30,720 100.0 4.2 5.9 9.7 13.7 14.5 16.0 12.1 9.0 5.4 9.6

Nevada..................... 846.80 851.00 22,890 100.0 6.2 5.0 6.7 10.8 13.8 15.9 16.3 9.9 6.1 9.3

New Hampshire ....... 857.90 857.00 17,260 100.0 4.9 3.8 6.4 12.2 14.2 16.8 16.0 9.9 6.0 9.8

New Jersey .............. 897.20 885.00 128,210 100.0 3.7 3.2 5.2 10.3 13.2 16.9 16.0 12.2 7.4 12.0

New Mexico ............. 757.80 757.00 27,800 100.0 11.5 8.1 10.4 12.5 13.3 14.3 11.6 7.5 4.6 6.0

New York.................. 861.00 850.00 278,140 100.0 4.8 4.2 6.8 11.4 14.5 17.3 15.0 10.1 5.9 10.1

North Carolina.......... 742.50 732.50 123,780 100.0 11.6 9.0 10.6 14.1 14.7 13.2 10.8 6.8 3.5 5.7

North Dakota............ 774.80 747.00 16,420 100.0 6.3 8.9 10.8 15.6 14.7 14.7 10.7 6.9 4.6 6.8

Ohio ......................... 842.50 851.00 237,690 100.0 6.4 4.6 6.1 10.5 13.4 18.2 16.2 10.4 6.0 8.2

Oklahoma................. 783.50 782.00 67,350 100.0 8.3 7.2 9.9 12.8 14.5 16.0 12.7 7.9 4.1 6.7

Oregon..................... 849.60 851.00 53,540 100.0 4.7 3.7 6.7 11.2 14.7 18.8 16.2 10.5 5.2 8.3

Pennsylvania............ 851.40 849.00 272,390 100.0 4.1 3.7 6.5 11.6 15.0 18.8 16.7 10.4 5.6 7.7

Rhode Island............ 845.70 832.00 15,170 100.0 4.5 4.0 8.8 11.7 14.8 18.7 13.6 8.6 5.7 9.5

South Carolina ......... 736.40 723.00 63,050 100.0 12.3 9.2 11.3 13.7 13.9 12.8 10.9 6.3 4.1 5.6

South Dakota ........... 762.80 739.00 16,000 100.0 6.3 9.1 12.2 15.3 16.4 14.0 10.8 6.8 3.8 5.3

Tennessee................ 754.60 745.00 106,510 100.0 10.8 8.3 10.8 13.7 13.7 14.1 11.4 7.1 4.0 6.0

Texas........................ 786.50 777.00 312,510 100.0 9.9 7.8 9.8 12.1 13.2 14.0 12.1 8.1 4.8 8.3

Utah ......................... 859.80 874.00 19,750 100.0 6.7 4.6 6.1 9.8 12.2 15.1 17.0 11.0 7.0 10.5

Vermont.................... 812.80 803.50 9,560 100.0 5.6 7.7 8.7 12.8 14.3 16.6 12.8 8.5 4.0 9.0

Virginia..................... 769.70 758.00 107,440 100.0 9.8 8.5 10.5 12.7 14.3 13.9 11.5 7.3 4.3 7.2

Washington .............. 864.80 862.00 77,540 100.0 4.7 3.9 6.0 9.9 14.9 17.7 16.5 10.9 6.1 9.6

West Virginia............ 774.00 776.00 54,220 100.0 7.6 6.6 10.3 14.4 14.7 16.7 12.9 8.0 4.3 4.4

Wisconsin................. 851.60 853.00 90,880 100.0 3.7 4.3 6.3 11.3 15.2 18.4 16.8 10.5 5.7 7.7

Wyoming ................. 825.80 819.00 6,750 100.0 5.0 5.9 9.0 12.4 15.0 14.7 15.9 8.7 5.5 7.9

Outlying areas:

American Samoa.. 419.00 358.50 400 100.0 2 (2)

 2 Base figure too small to meet statistical standards for reliability of derived figure.

 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2)

Guam ................... 566.70 503.00 870 100.0 33.3 14.9 14.9 9.2 8.0 8.0 5.7 2.3 3.4 3 ((3)

 3 Less than 0.05 percent.

Northern Mariana

Islands ............ 367.70 318.00 140 100.0 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2)

Puerto Rico .......... 498.00 451.00 69,660 100.0 40.7 17.6 14.1 10.0 6.6 4.4 2.8 1.5 .9 1.4

Virgin Islands........ 636.70 607.00 1,010 100.0 21.8 11.9 13.9 15.8 7.9 8.9 10.9 5.0 1.0 3.0

Foreign countries ..... 550.60 523.00 71,150 100.0 30.9 15.5 15.4 11.7 9.1 7.0 4.3 2.2 1.6 2.4
5.J OASDI Current-Pay Benefits: Geographic Data

CONTACT: Rona Blumenthal/Salvatore Gallicchio (410) 965-0163/0158 for further information.

240 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Table 5.J10.—Number of children, by type of benefit, December 2000

[Based on 10-percent sample]

State Total

Under age 18 of— Disabled, aged 18 or older of— Students, aged 18–19 of—

Total

Retired

workers

Disabled

workers

Deceased

workers Total

Retired

workers

Disabled

workers

Deceased

workers Total

Retired

workers

Disabled

workers

Deceased

workers

Total 1 ................... 

 1 Includes beneficiaries with unknown state code.

3,810,490 2,979,660 254,970 1,381,500 1,343,190 733,610 191,950 58,090 483,570 97,220 11,040 35,000 51,180

Alabama.......................... 89,730 71,460 5,970 36,780 28,710 15,940 3,720 1,410 10,810 2,330 290 1,080 960

Alaska ............................. 8,360 7,430 810 2,650 3,970 690 200 20 470 240 10 70 160

Arizona............................ 60,590 51,240 4,590 22,800 23,850 7,710 2,220 830 4,660 1,640 190 550 900

Arkansas......................... 50,480 40,300 3,200 20,680 16,420 8,830 1,770 990 6,070 1,350 130 660 560

California......................... 334,280 269,860 30,080 108,710 131,070 58,420 19,130 4,090 35,200 6,000 960 1,570 3,470

Colorado ......................... 42,910 35,700 2,060 17,120 16,520 6,000 1,700 480 3,820 1,210 150 330 730

Connecticut..................... 40,370 30,440 2,350 14,990 13,100 9,190 2,620 460 6,110 740 100 220 420

Delaware......................... 10,560 8,510 700 3,960 3,850 1,810 640 150 1,020 240 50 50 140

District of Columbia......... 6,530 5,030 540 1,050 3,440 1,410 230 50 1,130 90 . . . 10 80

Florida............................. 217,760 180,480 20,010 79,980 80,490 31,630 8,680 2,700 20,250 5,650 730 1,830 3,090

Georgia ........................... 118,290 94,680 5,950 43,080 45,650 19,930 4,070 1,940 13,920 3,680 350 1,360 1,970

Hawaii ............................. 13,410 10,980 1,600 4,070 5,310 2,250 750 70 1,430 180 50 10 120

Idaho............................... 14,930 12,200 870 5,340 5,990 2,390 670 140 1,580 340 30 90 220

Illinois.............................. 149,210 113,990 9,490 48,370 56,130 31,360 7,410 2,220 21,730 3,860 470 1,370 2,020

Indiana ............................ 82,810 63,200 4,560 30,850 27,790 17,070 4,120 1,470 11,480 2,540 210 880 1,450

Iowa ................................ 34,260 24,570 1,510 12,170 10,890 8,580 2,490 580 5,510 1,110 100 510 500

Kansas............................ 32,840 25,570 1,560 12,410 11,600 6,150 1,700 370 4,080 1,120 150 440 530

Kentucky ......................... 77,440 59,660 3,510 36,170 19,980 15,490 3,440 1,910 10,140 2,290 110 1,170 1,010

Louisiana......................... 87,950 68,760 5,590 31,600 31,570 16,860 3,840 1,720 11,300 2,330 210 870 1,250

Maine .............................. 21,490 16,520 980 10,620 4,920 4,420 1,140 310 2,970 550 50 290 210

Maryland ......................... 60,680 48,680 3,870 17,220 27,590 11,000 2,820 490 7,690 1,000 130 290 580

Massachusetts................ 80,830 61,420 4,310 34,720 22,390 18,160 5,200 1,360 11,600 1,250 130 640 480

Michigan.......................... 143,440 107,670 7,840 53,160 46,670 32,030 8,410 2,590 21,030 3,740 270 1,440 2,030

Minnesota ....................... 49,300 35,990 2,340 17,000 16,650 11,770 3,520 540 7,710 1,540 170 520 850

Mississippi....................... 70,000 56,630 4,980 29,200 22,450 11,340 2,140 1,420 7,780 2,030 190 1,020 820

Missouri........................... 87,810 69,250 4,790 34,590 29,870 15,550 3,800 1,410 10,340 3,010 310 1,100 1,600

Montana.......................... 12,740 10,310 970 4,660 4,680 1,950 510 220 1,220 480 50 150 280

Nebraska......................... 19,200 14,630 850 6,970 6,810 3,920 1,280 210 2,430 650 100 260 290

Nevada............................ 21,010 18,580 2,170 7,580 8,830 1,900 540 150 1,210 530 70 180 280

New Hampshire .............. 15,400 11,950 810 6,490 4,650 2,990 710 170 2,110 460 50 200 210

New Jersey ..................... 97,260 76,280 6,720 32,950 36,610 19,040 5,400 1,070 12,570 1,940 260 480 1,200

New Mexico .................... 29,690 24,870 2,370 9,730 12,770 3,980 1,110 340 2,530 840 80 290 470

New York......................... 245,890 185,980 18,370 92,740 74,870 55,630 14,940 3,580 37,110 4,280 490 1,570 2,220

North Carolina................. 119,840 94,630 5,240 49,340 40,050 22,420 4,910 2,260 15,250 2,790 190 1,240 1,360

North Dakota................... 7,300 5,060 370 2,340 2,350 1,930 450 100 1,380 310 40 80 190

Ohio ................................ 146,210 106,480 7,890 51,540 47,050 35,300 8,990 2,630 23,680 4,430 420 1,590 2,420

Oklahoma........................ 49,760 39,050 2,750 16,540 19,760 8,860 2,110 700 6,050 1,850 110 740 1,000

Oregon............................ 37,410 29,360 2,750 12,050 14,560 6,970 2,110 660 4,200 1,080 130 390 560

Pennsylvania................... 156,500 113,760 8,430 53,140 52,190 38,730 9,700 2,910 26,120 4,010 380 1,360 2,270

Rhode Island................... 14,170 10,750 780 6,020 3,950 3,250 750 290 2,210 170 30 60 80

South Carolina ................ 70,790 55,840 3,060 27,540 25,240 13,240 2,770 1,200 9,270 1,710 140 550 1,020

South Dakota .................. 10,880 8,380 530 3,580 4,270 2,170 470 140 1,560 330 60 130 140

Tennessee....................... 96,090 74,890 4,960 37,800 32,130 18,530 3,920 1,670 12,940 2,670 230 1,130 1,310

Texas............................... 250,510 202,590 20,200 74,820 107,570 38,980 11,040 2,750 25,190 8,940 1,190 2,530 5,220

Utah ................................ 23,460 19,610 1,540 7,650 10,420 3,200 1,140 170 1,890 650 130 200 320

Vermont........................... 9,030 6,920 520 4,030 2,370 1,870 470 240 1,160 240 50 90 100

Virginia............................ 90,310 71,020 4,690 35,010 31,320 17,410 4,010 1,430 11,970 1,880 300 770 810

Washington ..................... 59,420 46,640 3,830 20,510 22,300 11,030 3,200 830 7,000 1,750 220 690 840

West Virginia................... 36,670 25,290 1,920 14,880 8,490 10,350 2,040 1,150 7,160 1,030 90 480 460

Wisconsin........................ 61,760 44,460 2,940 21,320 20,200 15,380 4,370 1,050 9,960 1,920 260 630 1,030

Wyoming ........................ 6,070 5,020 310 2,370 2,340 850 250 100 500 200 30 50 120

Outlying areas:

American Samoa......... 1,930 1,890 340 730 820 20 . . . . . . 20 20 . . . 10 10

Guam.......................... 2,410 2,300 550 420 1,330 100 30 10 60 10 . . . . . . 10

Northern Mariana

Islands ................... 580 500 230 30 240 50 10 . . . 40 30 10 10 10

Puerto Rico................. 103,960 80,130 8,470 45,580 26,080 22,310 6,730 2,280 13,300 1,520 280 730 510

Virgin Islands .............. 1,790 1,430 300 330 800 300 130 10 160 60 10 20 30

Foreign countries ............ 25,530 20,230 5,910 3,340 10,980 4,930 1,400 50 3,480 370 90 20 260
 5.J OASDI Current-Pay Benefits: Geographic Data

CONTACT: Rona Blumenthal/Salvatore Gallicchio (410) 965-0163/0158 for further information.

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 241

Table 5.J11.—Number and total monthly benefit for beneficiaries in foreign countries, December 2000

Country 1 

 1 Countries with 500 or more beneficiaries are shown separately. The total and continent sub-totals include all foreign residents.

Number

Monthly benefit

(in thousands)

Total

Retired

 workers 2

 2 Includes special age-72 beneficiaries.

Disabled

workers

Widows and

widowers 3

 3 Includes nondisabled widows and widowers, disabled widows and widowers, widowed mothers and fathers, and parents.

Wives and

husbands Children

All

beneficiaries

Retired

workers 2

Total ...................................... 396,482 228,215 11,539 75,832 55,911 24,985 $187,156 $115,952

Canada ......................................... 90,657 52,011 2,395 17,021 16,694 2,536 37,206 22,972

Mexico............................................ 49,814 23,969 1,446 11,966 6,019 6,414 22,449 11,978

Central America and Caribbean..... 19,670 13,098 1,022 1,995 1,337 2,218 11,466 8,181

Barbados.................................... 1,005 797 27 95 66 20 668 542

Costa Rica.................................. 2,672 1,719 172 276 182 323 1,710 1,180

Dominican Republic ................... 5,398 3,268 431 423 343 933 2,786 1,831

El Salvador................................. 778 505 44 86 58 85 401 275

Guatemala.................................. 1,070 679 50 123 69 149 586 394

Honduras.................................... 972 565 65 100 58 184 608 392

Jamaica...................................... 2,717 2,111 65 236 195 110 1,639 1,329

Panama...................................... 821 487 41 137 65 91 484 309

Trinidad and Tobago................... 815 631 18 76 57 33 526 423

South America ............................... 12,461 8,117 481 1,797 1,157 909 7,080 4,862

Argentina.................................... 2,785 1,743 55 490 381 116 1,536 1,033

Brazil .......................................... 1,656 968 32 349 183 124 991 613

Chile........................................... 1,047 670 36 176 83 82 669 455

Colombia.................................... 2,538 1,714 157 278 152 237 1,404 982

Ecuador...................................... 2,128 1,526 103 183 144 172 1,170 871

Peru............................................ 699 435 32 111 63 58 406 267

Uruguay...................................... 601 434 28 57 66 16 315 239

Africa.............................................. 1,412 774 85 203 97 253 828 514

Asia................................................ 38,929 18,175 1,174 9,523 4,607 5,450 20,904 11,570

Cyprus........................................ 558 314 20 111 61 52 288 183

Hong Kong ................................. 804 338 7 369 62 28 428 203

India ........................................... 603 368 38 61 58 78 351 222

Israel .......................................... 8,181 4,571 199 1,339 1,154 918 4,788 3,119

Japan ......................................... 5,648 2,643 35 1,678 1,063 229 3,496 1,913

Thailand ..................................... 766 563 49 36 22 96 563 433

Philippines.................................. 17,988 7,515 540 5,386 1,838 2,709 8,806 4,308

Turkey ........................................ 607 360 25 118 63 41 373 233

Yemen ........................................ 1,589 377 116 127 91 878 607 238

Europe ........................................... 178,237 108,777 4,831 32,485 25,342 6,802 84,046 53,701

Austria ........................................ 2,087 1,364 57 383 237 46 1,044 702

Belgium ...................................... 1,507 938 9 253 254 53 735 489

Croatia........................................ 1,414 742 152 327 101 92 890 480

Denmark..................................... 859 498 14 200 99 48 538 324

Finland ....................................... 716 458 21 135 73 29 398 257

France ........................................ 9,109 5,953 88 1,331 1,452 285 4,427 3,118

Germany .................................... 26,233 16,231 669 4,518 3,531 1,284 11,282 6,953

Greece ....................................... 21,334 11,969 738 4,499 3,299 829 9,865 5,946

Hungary...................................... 1,591 1,186 93 185 80 47 1,168 905

Ireland ........................................ 7,405 5,033 197 1,018 797 360 4,087 2,978

Italy............................................. 34,687 19,949 907 7,996 4,728 1,107 16,204 9,810

Malta .......................................... 590 311 27 131 72 49 350 206

Netherlands................................ 3,693 2,302 56 549 644 142 1,584 1,029

Norway....................................... 5,820 3,406 107 1,153 999 155 2,290 1,386

Poland ........................................ 3,412 2,141 181 676 265 149 1,879 1,164

Portugal...................................... 11,601 7,630 642 1,558 1,326 445 5,332 3,642

Serbia......................................... 962 503 56 278 88 37 588 292

Spain .......................................... 8,637 5,005 218 1,763 1,360 291 4,268 2,661

Sweden ...................................... 2,742 1,820 38 425 364 95 1,220 805

Switzerland................................. 5,228 3,582 32 577 915 122 2,011 1,427

United Kingdom.......................... 25,971 16,081 421 4,048 4,392 1,029 12,243 8,023

Oceania.......................................... 5,302 3,294 105 842 658 403 3,177 2,174

Australia ..................................... 4,285 2,674 67 735 579 230 2,570 1,751

New Zealand.............................. 652 450 19 70 52 61 412 306
5.J OASDI Current-Pay Benefits: Geographic Data 

CONTACT: Joseph Bondar/Shirley Turpin (410) 965-0162/0181 for further information.

242 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Table 5.J12.—Number of disabled workers, by diagnostic group, December 2000

State

Diagnostic group

Total

number

Diagnosis

available

Infectious

and

parasitic

diseases 1

 1 AIDS/HIV records are counted in the Infectious and Parasitic Diseases group. Before 1990, these records were included in the Other group.

Neoplasms

Endocrine,

nutritional,

and

metabolic

Mental

disorders

(other

than

retardation)

Mental

retardation

Diseases of the—

Injuries Other

Nervous

system

and

sense

organs

Circulatory

system

Respiratory

system

Musculoskeletal

system

Total ................... 5,042,333 4,959,682 97,919 136,404 244,456 1,361,157 257,601 479,246 532,998 166,054 1,152,231 231,066 300,550

Alabama....................... 121,253 119,129 1,403 2,844 6,143 27,483 5,905 10,085 14,839 4,534 32,630 6,304 6,959

Alaska .......................... 7,233 7,178 90 228 283 2,163 359 827 589 211 1,619 422 387

Arizona......................... 85,763 84,539 1,496 2,245 3,444 26,265 2,574 8,589 7,628 2,778 20,284 4,434 4,802

Arkansas...................... 76,532 75,451 1,030 2,176 3,635 13,218 4,089 7,116 9,856 2,933 22,973 4,115 4,310

California...................... 433,005 426,130 13,618 11,926 18,143 138,087 11,684 42,899 37,219 9,800 99,237 20,640 22,877

Colorado ...................... 60,958 60,048 1,245 1,505 2,233 15,153 2,857 7,946 4,044 2,118 16,092 3,382 3,473

Connecticut.................. 53,815 53,003 1,103 1,538 2,356 17,863 2,709 5,286 4,925 1,556 10,155 1,909 3,603

Delaware...................... 14,600 14,429 385 428 805 3,761 836 1,465 1,533 509 3,294 611 802

District of Columbia...... 8,340 8,238 690 181 430 2,479 485 857 795 191 1,269 237 624

Florida.......................... 307,500 302,528 10,235 8,852 15,763 78,900 9,605 25,037 35,873 10,391 66,108 17,203 24,561

Georgia ........................ 157,748 154,932 4,001 4,178 8,894 36,821 8,676 12,423 18,589 5,765 35,085 6,657 13,843

Hawaii .......................... 13,854 13,622 332 441 623 4,883 547 1,168 1,608 292 2,291 640 797

Idaho............................ 20,737 20,509 199 584 978 5,684 1,073 2,231 1,738 716 5,218 1,164 924

Illinois........................... 175,929 173,259 3,166 5,125 9,776 55,181 10,834 18,090 18,705 5,692 30,380 7,006 9,304

Indiana ......................... 109,696 107,709 1,463 3,197 7,277 26,267 8,755 11,677 12,575 4,669 21,294 4,338 6,197

Iowa ............................. 46,465 45,528 412 1,342 2,277 12,514 4,376 5,166 4,007 1,657 9,711 2,049 2,017

Kansas......................... 41,949 41,427 538 1,128 2,667 10,841 3,237 4,556 3,784 1,569 8,457 2,202 2,448

Kentucky ...................... 125,832 124,007 1,158 2,672 5,175 32,630 7,873 8,866 13,860 5,725 33,862 5,229 6,957

Louisiana...................... 88,568 86,741 1,524 2,248 4,175 14,918 5,324 7,497 11,775 2,397 25,420 4,611 6,852

Maine ........................... 35,023 34,726 269 797 1,392 11,212 1,918 3,088 3,178 1,106 8,845 1,625 1,296

Maryland ...................... 69,741 68,411 2,116 2,380 3,524 17,457 3,658 7,675 8,438 2,358 12,926 3,226 4,653

Massachusetts............. 123,930 122,250 2,754 3,211 4,250 45,831 5,425 11,518 9,868 3,347 26,102 4,759 5,185

Michigan....................... 183,045 180,013 1,933 4,825 9,644 59,511 9,742 17,804 18,722 5,573 37,073 7,263 7,923

Minnesota .................... 67,849 66,523 813 1,909 2,342 24,645 5,325 7,576 4,976 1,567 11,702 3,079 2,589

Mississippi.................... 85,194 83,794 961 2,145 4,663 20,437 5,037 6,820 11,427 2,828 18,300 3,739 7,437

Missouri........................ 122,975 121,042 1,760 3,089 7,318 27,995 8,276 11,814 13,153 5,080 29,148 6,237 7,172

Montana....................... 16,828 16,612 163 435 594 3,926 818 2,049 1,271 665 4,722 1,052 917

Nebraska...................... 25,320 24,964 314 709 1,331 5,919 1,517 3,112 2,544 899 5,875 1,457 1,287

Nevada......................... 31,460 31,055 659 879 1,455 7,996 775 3,148 3,442 1,239 7,934 1,531 1,997

New Hampshire ........... 22,806 22,620 170 593 805 7,814 1,119 2,455 2,019 738 5,043 1,032 832

New Jersey .................. 125,686 123,263 2,992 4,251 5,568 36,718 4,644 13,519 14,430 3,819 24,771 5,275 7,276

New Mexico ................. 31,544 31,046 499 694 1,412 7,092 1,036 3,271 2,414 1,004 9,688 2,026 1,910

New York...................... 338,265 333,116 9,867 9,894 14,837 83,399 13,981 30,490 36,151 10,457 90,317 14,183 19,540

North Carolina.............. 194,528 191,876 3,320 5,271 11,354 39,345 13,428 15,954 25,075 7,400 45,436 7,865 17,428

North Dakota................ 9,004 8,868 68 246 324 2,270 808 1,097 856 296 2,035 512 356

Ohio ............................. 194,624 190,979 1,983 4,659 9,543 65,222 15,852 16,909 18,740 6,249 31,990 6,341 13,491

Oklahoma..................... 64,892 64,022 821 1,782 3,723 14,871 3,332 6,489 7,806 2,642 16,730 3,122 2,704

Oregon......................... 56,269 55,623 884 1,621 2,545 15,392 3,023 7,068 4,778 1,682 12,806 3,221 2,603

Pennsylvania................ 214,106 210,514 3,383 6,376 11,459 50,290 12,513 22,311 25,087 7,067 50,223 9,995 11,810

Rhode Island................ 23,431 23,035 320 647 967 7,652 1,397 2,093 2,130 717 5,179 873 1,060

South Carolina ............. 101,967 100,515 1,516 2,645 5,088 25,438 5,374 8,412 13,746 3,922 23,412 4,862 6,100

South Dakota ............... 11,900 11,728 134 311 405 2,842 935 1,530 1,079 444 3,033 521 494

Tennessee.................... 143,191 141,139 1,822 3,580 6,744 38,910 8,396 11,522 17,086 5,905 32,847 5,778 8,549

Texas............................ 257,413 253,778 7,047 7,846 16,080 53,236 9,767 28,035 30,336 7,996 63,014 13,123 17,298

Utah ............................. 21,850 21,662 243 504 1,000 6,588 1,347 2,739 1,565 703 4,722 1,023 1,228

Vermont........................ 12,437 12,308 168 312 616 3,752 668 1,169 1,075 411 2,803 576 758

Virginia......................... 127,904 125,847 2,217 3,690 6,475 28,653 8,823 11,468 14,916 4,916 31,357 5,602 7,730

Washington .................. 90,121 89,234 1,629 2,702 3,844 29,242 4,308 9,849 6,964 2,705 18,827 4,247 4,917

West Virginia................ 60,494 59,353 430 1,271 3,010 11,818 4,881 4,274 7,474 2,958 15,996 3,435 3,806

Wisconsin..................... 82,672 80,971 936 2,268 4,049 25,524 5,737 9,760 6,712 2,179 16,201 3,634 3,971

Wyoming ..................... 7,912 7,835 89 181 325 2,000 456 953 674 395 1,927 477 358

Outlying areas:

Puerto Rico .............. 123,326 118,850 1,373 1,484 2,224 49,635 1,272 10,009 9,081 2,990 31,969 5,378 3,435

Other 2 .....................

 2 Includes American Samoa, Guam, Northern Mariana Islands, VIrgin Islands, and foreign countries.

 14,849 13,703 178 359 469 3,414 215 1,484 1,843 294 3,899 844 703
 5.J OASDI Current-Pay Benefits: Geographic Data

CONTACT: Joseph Bondar/Shirley Turpin (410) 965-0162/0181 for further information.

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 243

Table 5.J13.—Number and percentage distribution of disabled workers, by diagnostic group, December 2000

State

Total

number

Diagnosis available Diagnostic group

Infectious

and

parasitic

diseases 1

 1 AIDS/HIV records are counted in the Infectious and Parasitic Diseases group. Before 1990, these records were included in the Other group.

Neoplasms

Endocrine,

nutritional,

and

metabolic

Mental

disorders

(other

than

retardation)

Mental

retardation

Diseases of the—

Number Injuries Other

Percent

Nervous

system

and

sense

organs

Circulatory

system

Respiratory

system

Musculoskeletal

system

Total ............................ 5,042,333 4,959,682 100.0 2.0 2.8 4.9 27.4 5.2 9.7 10.7 3.3 23.2 4.7 6.1

Alabama................................ 121,253 119,129 100.0 1.2 2.4 5.2 23.1 5.0 8.5 12.5 3.8 27.4 5.3 5.8

Alaska ................................... 7,233 7,178 100.0 1.3 3.2 3.9 30.1 5.0 11.5 8.2 2.9 22.6 5.9 5.4

Arizona.................................. 85,763 84,539 100.0 1.8 2.7 4.1 31.1 3.0 10.2 9.0 3.3 24.0 5.2 5.7

Arkansas............................... 76,532 75,451 100.0 1.4 2.9 4.8 17.5 5.4 9.4 13.1 3.9 30.4 5.5 5.7

California............................... 433,005 426,130 100.0 3.2 2.8 4.3 32.4 2.7 10.1 8.7 2.3 23.3 4.8 5.4

Colorado ............................... 60,958 60,048 100.0 2.1 2.5 3.7 25.2 4.8 13.2 6.7 3.5 26.8 5.6 5.8

Connecticut........................... 53,815 53,003 100.0 2.1 2.9 4.4 33.7 5.1 10.0 9.3 2.9 19.2 3.6 6.8

Delaware............................... 14,600 14,429 100.0 2.7 3.0 5.6 26.1 5.8 10.2 10.6 3.5 22.8 4.2 5.6

District of Columbia............... 8,340 8,238 100.0 8.4 2.2 5.2 30.1 5.9 10.4 9.7 2.3 15.4 2.9 7.6

Florida................................... 307,500 302,528 100.0 3.4 2.9 5.2 26.1 3.2 8.3 11.9 3.4 21.9 5.7 8.1

Georgia ................................. 157,748 154,932 100.0 2.6 2.7 5.7 23.8 5.6 8.0 12.0 3.7 22.6 4.3 8.9

Hawaii ................................... 13,854 13,622 100.0 2.4 3.2 4.6 35.8 4.0 8.6 11.8 2.1 16.8 4.7 5.9

Idaho..................................... 20,737 20,509 100.0 1.0 2.8 4.8 27.7 5.2 10.9 8.5 3.5 25.4 5.7 4.5

Illinois.................................... 175,929 173,259 100.0 1.8 3.0 5.6 31.8 6.3 10.4 10.8 3.3 17.5 4.0 5.4

Indiana .................................. 109,696 107,709 100.0 1.4 3.0 6.8 24.4 8.1 10.8 11.7 4.3 19.8 4.0 5.8

Iowa ...................................... 46,465 45,528 100.0 .9 2.9 5.0 27.5 9.6 11.3 8.8 3.6 21.3 4.5 4.4

Kansas.................................. 41,949 41,427 100.0 1.3 2.7 6.4 26.2 7.8 11.0 9.1 3.8 20.4 5.3 5.9

Kentucky ............................... 125,832 124,007 100.0 .9 2.2 4.2 26.3 6.3 7.1 11.2 4.6 27.3 4.2 5.6

Louisiana............................... 88,568 86,741 100.0 1.8 2.6 4.8 17.2 6.1 8.6 13.6 2.8 29.3 5.3 7.9

Maine .................................... 35,023 34,726 100.0 .8 2.3 4.0 32.3 5.5 8.9 9.2 3.2 25.5 4.7 3.7

Maryland ............................... 69,741 68,411 100.0 3.1 3.5 5.2 25.5 5.3 11.2 12.3 3.4 18.9 4.7 6.8

Massachusetts...................... 123,930 122,250 100.0 2.3 2.6 3.5 37.5 4.4 9.4 8.1 2.7 21.4 3.9 4.2

Michigan................................ 183,045 180,013 100.0 1.1 2.7 5.4 33.1 5.4 9.9 10.4 3.1 20.6 4.0 4.4

Minnesota ............................. 67,849 66,523 100.0 1.2 2.9 3.5 37.0 8.0 11.4 7.5 2.4 17.6 4.6 3.9

Mississippi............................. 85,194 83,794 100.0 1.1 2.6 5.6 24.4 6.0 8.1 13.6 3.4 21.8 4.5 8.9

Missouri................................. 122,975 121,042 100.0 1.5 2.6 6.0 23.1 6.8 9.8 10.9 4.2 24.1 5.2 5.9

Montana................................ 16,828 16,612 100.0 1.0 2.6 3.6 23.6 4.9 12.3 7.7 4.0 28.4 6.3 5.5

Nebraska............................... 25,320 24,964 100.0 1.3 2.8 5.3 23.7 6.1 12.5 10.2 3.6 23.5 5.8 5.2

Nevada.................................. 31,460 31,055 100.0 2.1 2.8 4.7 25.7 2.5 10.1 11.1 4.0 25.5 4.9 6.4

New Hampshire .................... 22,806 22,620 100.0 .8 2.6 3.6 34.5 4.9 10.9 8.9 3.3 22.3 4.6 3.7

New Jersey ........................... 125,686 123,263 100.0 2.4 3.4 4.5 29.8 3.8 11.0 11.7 3.1 20.1 4.3 5.9

New Mexico .......................... 31,544 31,046 100.0 1.6 2.2 4.5 22.8 3.3 10.5 7.8 3.2 31.2 6.5 6.2

New York............................... 338,265 333,116 100.0 3.0 3.0 4.5 25.0 4.2 9.2 10.9 3.1 27.1 4.3 5.9

North Carolina....................... 194,528 191,876 100.0 1.7 2.7 5.9 20.5 7.0 8.3 13.1 3.9 23.7 4.1 9.1

North Dakota......................... 9,004 8,868 100.0 .8 2.8 3.7 25.6 9.1 12.4 9.7 3.3 22.9 5.8 4.0

Ohio ...................................... 194,624 190,979 100.0 1.0 2.4 5.0 34.2 8.3 8.9 9.8 3.3 16.8 3.3 7.1

Oklahoma.............................. 64,892 64,022 100.0 1.3 2.8 5.8 23.2 5.2 10.1 12.2 4.1 26.1 4.9 4.2

Oregon.................................. 56,269 55,623 100.0 1.6 2.9 4.6 27.7 5.4 12.7 8.6 3.0 23.0 5.8 4.7

Pennsylvania......................... 214,106 210,514 100.0 1.6 3.0 5.4 23.9 5.9 10.6 11.9 3.4 23.9 4.7 5.6

Rhode Island......................... 23,431 23,035 100.0 1.4 2.8 4.2 33.2 6.1 9.1 9.2 3.1 22.5 3.8 4.6

South Carolina ...................... 101,967 100,515 100.0 1.5 2.6 5.1 25.3 5.3 8.4 13.7 3.9 23.3 4.8 6.1

South Dakota ........................ 11,900 11,728 100.0 1.1 2.7 3.5 24.2 8.0 13.0 9.2 3.8 25.9 4.4 4.2

Tennessee............................. 143,191 141,139 100.0 1.3 2.5 4.8 27.6 5.9 8.2 12.1 4.2 23.3 4.1 6.1

Texas..................................... 257,413 253,778 100.0 2.8 3.1 6.3 21.0 3.8 11.0 12.0 3.2 24.8 5.2 6.8

Utah ...................................... 21,850 21,662 100.0 1.1 2.3 4.6 30.4 6.2 12.6 7.2 3.2 21.8 4.7 5.7

Vermont................................. 12,437 12,308 100.0 1.4 2.5 5.0 30.5 5.4 9.5 8.7 3.3 22.8 4.7 6.2

Virginia.................................. 127,904 125,847 100.0 1.8 2.9 5.1 22.8 7.0 9.1 11.9 3.9 24.9 4.5 6.1

Washington ........................... 90,121 89,234 100.0 1.8 3.0 4.3 32.8 4.8 11.0 7.8 3.0 21.1 4.8 5.5

West Virginia......................... 60,494 59,353 100.0 .7 2.1 5.1 19.9 8.2 7.2 12.6 5.0 27.0 5.8 6.4

Wisconsin.............................. 82,672 80,971 100.0 1.2 2.8 5.0 31.5 7.1 12.1 8.3 2.7 20.0 4.5 4.9

Wyoming .............................. 7,912 7,835 100.0 1.1 2.3 4.1 25.5 5.8 12.2 8.6 5.0 24.6 6.1 4.6

Outlying areas:

Puerto Rico ....................... 123,326 118,850 100.0 1.2 1.2 1.9 41.8 1.1 8.4 7.6 2.5 26.9 4.5 2.9

Other 2 ..............................

 2 Includes American Samoa, Guam, Northern Mariana Islands, VIrgin Islands, and foreign countries.

 14,849 13,703 100.0 1.3 2.6 3.4 24.9 1.6 10.8 13.4 2.1 28.5 6.2 5.1
5.J OASDI Current-Pay Benefits: Geographic Data 

CONTACT: Joseph Bondar/Shirley Turpin (410) 965-0162/0181 for further information.

244 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Table 5.J14.—Number, average and median monthly benefit, by type of disabled beneficiary, December 2000

[Based on 10-percent sample]

State

Total Disabled workers Disabled children, aged 18 or older Disabled widows and widowers

Number

Average

benefit

Median

benefit Number

Average

benefit

Median

benefit Number

Average

benefit

Median

benefit Number

Average

benefit

Median

benefit

Total 1 ...............

 1 Includes beneficiaries with unknown state code.

5,969,580 $745.00 $692.00 5,035,840 $787.00 $736.00 733,610 $518.40 $508.00 200,130 $518.90 $501.00

Alabama..................... 142,670 713.10 663.00 121,120 755.70 703.00 15,940 464.30 435.00 5,610 500.80 494.00

Alaska ........................ 8,330 752.80 694.00 7,460 777.10 712.00 690 531.40 504.00 180 596.30 621.50

Arizona....................... 95,220 785.60 733.00 84,500 816.70 767.00 7,710 534.50 534.00 3,010 555.30 543.00

Arkansas.................... 87,850 697.80 658.00 75,390 738.00 697.00 8,830 452.50 424.00 3,630 460.10 459.00

California.................... 508,380 762.70 710.00 437,270 799.00 751.00 58,420 538.60 534.00 12,690 543.90 512.00

Colorado .................... 69,170 751.00 698.00 61,280 778.60 728.00 6,000 540.60 543.50 1,890 522.50 502.00

Connecticut................ 64,040 773.80 716.00 53,190 814.00 757.00 9,190 584.40 596.00 1,660 533.70 492.50

Delaware.................... 17,220 776.80 722.50 14,920 814.10 768.00 1,810 544.90 529.00 490 497.50 529.00

District of Columbia.... 10,220 686.00 647.00 8,470 731.80 693.00 1,410 466.80 441.00 340 453.10 464.50

Florida........................ 347,180 758.30 707.00 305,290 791.60 743.00 31,630 519.40 507.00 10,260 503.70 479.00

Georgia ...................... 184,710 725.40 681.00 157,920 766.80 721.00 19,930 484.30 458.00 6,860 470.70 442.50

Hawaii ........................ 16,170 756.80 707.00 13,510 803.90 760.00 2,250 506.90 502.00 410 575.50 562.00

Idaho.......................... 23,000 740.70 689.00 20,020 771.90 724.00 2,390 520.30 513.00 590 576.10 590.00

Illinois......................... 214,260 769.80 718.00 175,060 815.50 770.00 31,360 570.10 572.50 7,840 547.00 527.50

Indiana ....................... 129,900 755.70 700.00 108,210 795.60 743.00 17,070 556.30 561.00 4,620 559.10 554.50

Iowa ........................... 58,030 722.70 670.00 47,800 764.30 719.00 8,580 531.80 525.00 1,650 509.40 506.00

Kansas....................... 50,060 729.30 675.00 42,390 764.70 712.00 6,150 538.60 519.00 1,520 513.70 507.00

Kentucky .................... 147,810 736.90 678.00 125,650 782.30 727.00 15,490 461.40 430.00 6,670 521.60 506.00

Louisiana.................... 110,800 729.20 678.00 88,460 790.10 741.00 16,860 464.20 430.00 5,480 561.40 533.00

Maine ......................... 40,330 686.60 646.00 34,700 716.60 674.00 4,420 501.10 488.00 1,210 504.00 510.00

Maryland .................... 83,660 777.00 728.00 70,200 820.90 776.00 11,000 550.50 534.00 2,460 537.70 517.50

Massachusetts........... 147,560 740.40 690.00 125,430 778.20 723.00 18,160 531.20 529.50 3,970 501.90 481.00

Michigan..................... 223,070 798.70 747.00 182,760 846.90 809.00 32,030 580.90 596.00 8,280 578.00 566.00

Minnesota .................. 80,290 729.10 673.00 66,600 770.40 716.00 11,770 533.20 534.00 1,920 495.50 461.50

Mississippi.................. 101,490 687.20 645.00 85,700 733.30 683.00 11,340 428.40 396.00 4,450 460.20 445.00

Missouri...................... 143,730 733.80 680.00 123,130 770.30 715.00 15,550 517.60 501.00 5,050 508.90 482.00

Montana..................... 19,430 739.20 696.00 16,870 776.40 744.00 1,950 497.20 500.00 610 486.40 454.00

Nebraska.................... 30,120 708.00 648.00 25,380 743.60 683.00 3,920 521.30 502.00 820 500.10 497.50

Nevada....................... 34,380 811.20 769.00 31,400 835.00 793.50 1,900 584.30 588.00 1,080 518.20 460.50

New Hampshire ......... 25,900 754.40 708.50 22,210 788.40 743.00 2,990 556.80 545.00 700 518.60 531.00

New Jersey ................ 150,690 803.50 749.00 127,330 845.30 798.00 19,040 585.00 587.50 4,320 536.40 510.00

New Mexico ............... 36,570 722.30 677.00 31,620 762.30 716.50 3,980 453.60 425.00 970 520.80 508.00

New York.................... 401,680 785.30 726.00 333,870 832.50 785.00 55,630 559.90 558.00 12,180 522.10 503.50

North Carolina............ 223,270 721.40 685.00 193,120 761.40 722.00 22,420 478.90 457.50 7,730 424.60 406.00

North Dakota.............. 11,320 696.00 635.00 9,080 748.00 705.50 1,930 486.80 456.00 310 477.90 487.00

Ohio ........................... 239,820 745.30 690.00 195,430 788.60 740.00 35,300 549.30 546.00 9,090 575.70 585.00

Oklahoma................... 77,500 731.30 685.00 65,800 773.10 734.00 8,860 497.40 484.50 2,840 492.10 476.00

Oregon....................... 66,010 748.40 698.00 57,030 778.70 732.00 6,970 552.60 550.00 2,010 567.20 567.00

Pennsylvania.............. 261,640 757.00 705.00 213,630 803.10 760.00 38,730 552.00 554.00 9,280 552.20 554.50

Rhode Island.............. 26,870 731.70 678.00 22,970 764.00 710.00 3,250 539.60 547.00 650 551.20 538.00

South Carolina ........... 120,020 726.00 686.00 102,370 771.50 730.00 13,240 470.70 450.00 4,410 436.30 425.00

South Dakota ............. 14,580 672.60 629.50 12,020 710.80 663.00 2,170 495.90 484.00 390 479.10 488.00

Tennessee.................. 168,600 714.60 672.00 142,960 756.80 711.50 18,530 478.40 457.00 7,110 482.10 474.00

Texas.......................... 305,340 732.30 686.50 254,380 780.40 736.00 38,980 485.40 461.00 11,980 513.70 504.00

Utah ........................... 25,340 735.30 665.00 21,500 771.20 706.00 3,200 531.80 518.50 640 548.00 527.50

Vermont...................... 15,330 715.90 674.00 12,920 755.70 713.00 1,870 495.20 493.00 540 528.40 536.00

Virginia....................... 150,320 741.00 690.00 127,610 784.10 734.00 17,410 494.00 472.00 5,300 514.30 493.00

Washington ................ 103,500 762.60 706.50 89,640 791.60 739.00 11,030 571.70 580.00 2,830 589.50 610.00

West Virginia.............. 74,590 773.40 720.00 60,940 832.50 791.50 10,350 484.90 472.00 3,300 587.80 577.50

Wisconsin................... 100,290 740.30 686.00 82,340 781.10 733.00 15,380 555.10 561.00 2,570 541.40 534.00

Wyoming ................... 9,010 765.70 711.00 7,940 797.70 744.50 850 513.20 513.00 220 586.90 590.50

Outlying areas:

American Samoa.... 1,270 589.60 584.00 1,250 595.80 585.00 20 207.50 207.50 . . . . . . . . .

Guam ..................... 770 633.30 612.00 660 682.70 638.00 100 328.60 328.50 10 419.00 419.00

Northern Mariana

Islands .............. 150 381.70 281.00 100 409.50 284.50 50 326.20 179.00 . . . . . . . . .

Puerto Rico ............ 151,330 609.40 588.00 124,420 666.90 626.00 22,310 327.60 318.00 4,600 421.20 390.50

Virgin Islands.......... 1,520 663.60 604.50 1,170 725.50 676.00 300 441.50 377.00 50 548.60 546.00

Foreign countries ....... 17,020 587.10 558.00 11,250 683.40 658.00 4,930 373.40 347.00 840 549.90 570.50
5.K OASDI Current-Pay Benefits: Direct Deposit

CONTACT: Joseph Bondar/Salvatore Gallicchio (410) 965-0162/0158 for further information.

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 245

Table 5.K1.—Number and percent of beneficiaries, and average monthly benefit, by state and direct deposit status, 

December 2000

 [Based on 10-percent sample]

State

All beneficiaries

Direct deposit status

Using Not using

Number

Average

monthly benefit Number Percent

Average

monthly benefit Number Percent

Average

monthly benefit

Total ................................. 45,417,470 $767.40 35,618,600 78.4 $799.10 9,798,870 21.6 $652.40

Alabama..................................... 826,710 708.90 605,100 73.2 751.30 221,610 26.8 593.20

Alaska ........................................ 54,950 725.00 42,440 77.2 754.30 12,510 22.8 625.30

Arizona....................................... 791,330 784.50 691,310 87.4 809.30 100,020 12.6 613.00

Arkansas.................................... 517,230 696.20 384,720 74.4 733.20 132,510 25.6 588.80

California.................................... 4,208,290 779.20 3,551,210 84.4 798.90 657,080 15.6 673.10

Colorado .................................... 535,270 752.10 440,190 82.2 773.70 95,080 17.8 652.20

Connecticut................................ 578,650 856.30 441,220 76.2 884.00 137,430 23.8 767.50

Delaware.................................... 134,900 809.90 113,110 83.8 833.80 21,790 16.2 686.10

District of Columbia.................... 74,030 667.10 53,570 72.4 693.00 20,460 27.6 599.10

Florida........................................ 3,193,390 777.70 2,814,940 88.1 798.80 378,450 11.9 620.90

Georgia ...................................... 1,106,410 730.40 821,720 74.3 772.20 284,690 25.7 609.70

Hawaii ........................................ 184,140 772.00 156,270 84.9 788.90 27,870 15.1 677.20

Idaho ......................................... 194,030 752.90 166,080 85.6 771.90 27,950 14.4 640.10

Illinois......................................... 1,842,350 812.70 1,443,870 78.4 837.70 398,480 21.6 722.10

Indiana ...................................... 994,060 805.60 769,370 77.4 834.00 224,690 22.6 708.20

Iowa ........................................... 540,360 775.00 456,390 84.5 793.10 83,970 15.5 676.70

Kansas....................................... 440,010 790.10 361,890 82.2 810.80 78,120 17.8 694.10

Kentucky .................................... 739,010 702.80 518,690 70.2 746.20 220,320 29.8 600.70

Louisiana.................................... 710,870 689.50 469,000 66.0 741.40 241,870 34.0 588.90

Maine ........................................ 251,480 704.50 192,630 76.6 736.50 58,850 23.4 599.90

Maryland .................................... 723,250 786.30 565,340 78.2 809.40 157,910 21.8 703.50

Massachusetts........................... 1,063,950 783.00 821,850 77.2 808.50 242,100 22.8 696.30

Michigan..................................... 1,644,640 824.20 1,327,370 80.7 849.00 317,270 19.3 720.10

Minnesota .................................. 738,750 771.90 604,200 81.8 794.70 134,550 18.2 669.60

Mississippi.................................. 516,260 668.40 388,820 75.3 708.40 127,440 24.7 546.30

Missouri...................................... 1,004,500 755.20 784,940 78.1 782.30 219,560 21.9 658.60

Montana..................................... 157,720 744.50 130,030 82.4 767.30 27,690 17.6 637.20

Nebraska.................................... 284,370 761.90 236,670 83.2 782.30 47,700 16.8 660.50

Nevada....................................... 287,200 793.10 241,560 84.1 811.30 45,640 15.9 696.80

New Hampshire ......................... 200,490 796.60 163,220 81.4 817.00 37,270 18.6 707.20

New Jersey ................................ 1,352,210 862.70 1,048,530 77.5 886.20 303,680 22.5 781.80

New Mexico ............................... 280,660 700.50 219,670 78.3 744.30 60,990 21.7 542.70

New York.................................... 3,005,760 819.60 2,334,220 77.7 847.40 671,540 22.3 722.80

North Carolina............................ 1,349,740 739.90 1,000,540 74.1 783.80 349,200 25.9 613.90

North Dakota.............................. 114,100 719.40 90,860 79.6 744.10 23,240 20.4 622.80

Ohio ........................................... 1,918,410 782.80 1,441,910 75.2 810.30 476,500 24.8 699.40

Oklahoma................................... 594,020 736.10 466,730 78.6 765.20 127,290 21.4 629.10

Oregon....................................... 568,250 789.10 503,090 88.5 803.30 65,160 11.5 679.30

Pennsylvania.............................. 2,357,380 802.20 1,834,510 77.8 825.40 522,870 22.2 721.10

Rhode Island.............................. 191,680 782.80 147,620 77.0 811.20 44,060 23.0 687.30

South Carolina ........................... 689,020 732.50 504,200 73.2 780.30 184,820 26.8 602.40

South Dakota ............................. 136,050 704.40 111,000 81.6 728.00 25,050 18.4 599.80

Tennessee.................................. 995,810 727.80 738,270 74.1 767.70 257,540 25.9 613.50

Texas ......................................... 2,638,130 737.60 1,992,340 75.5 778.40 645,790 24.5 611.50

Utah ........................................... 242,280 766.70 204,910 84.6 788.90 37,370 15.4 645.40

Vermont...................................... 104,680 752.90 84,480 80.7 775.30 20,200 19.3 659.40

Virginia....................................... 1,035,090 748.20 772,360 74.6 783.10 262,730 25.4 645.60

Washington ................................ 845,210 806.80 743,120 87.9 824.50 102,090 12.1 677.90

West Virginia.............................. 390,430 742.80 248,530 63.7 785.50 141,900 36.3 668.00

Wisconsin................................... 899,520 798.20 743,570 82.7 818.10 155,950 17.3 703.30

Wyoming.................................... 77,240 771.40 64,560 83.6 791.30 12,680 16.4 670.20

Outlying areas:

Puerto Rico ............................ 665,490 492.00 328,000 49.3 575.00 337,490 50.7 411.30

Other1 ....................................

1 Includes American Samoa, Guam, Northern Mariana Islands, Virgin Islands, and foreign countries.

 427,710 478.50 237,860 55.6 493.50 189,850 44.4 459.70
5.L OASDI: Current-Pay Benefits: With Representative Payee 

CONTACT: Robert Hackendorf/Dana Nichele Mercer(410) 965-5536/966-6377 for further information.

246 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

I

Table 5.L1.—Total number of OASDI beneficiaries and number and percentage with representative payee, by type of 

beneficiary and age, December 2000

[Based on 10-percent sample]

Type of beneficiary and age All beneficiaries

Beneficiaries with

 representative payee

Number Percent

Total ............................................................................................................ 45,417,470 4,759,210 10.5

Adult beneficiaries 1 ..............................................................................................

1 Includes special age-72 beneficiaries.

42,437,810 1,781,920 4.2

Retired workers................................................................................................. 28,505,990 425,690 1.5

Under 65....................................................................................................... 2,553,070 4,830 .2

65–74............................................................................................................ 13,920,570 127,080 .9

75–84............................................................................................................ 9,095,970 143,470 1.5

85 or older..................................................................................................... 2,936,380 150,310 5.1

Disabled workers .............................................................................................. 5,035,840 599,880 11.9

Under 35....................................................................................................... 345,740 92,390 26.7

35–44............................................................................................................ 954,210 167,170 17.5

45–54............................................................................................................ 1,595,610 190,090 11.9

55 or older..................................................................................................... 2,140,280 149,430 7.0

Wives and husbands ........................................................................................ 2,962,020 21,120 .7

Under 65....................................................................................................... 507,450 2,590 .5

65–74............................................................................................................ 1,517,490 8,050 .5

75–84............................................................................................................ 820,750 6,800 .8

85 or older..................................................................................................... 116,330 3,000 2.6

Widows and widowers 2....................................................................................

2 Includes nondisabled widows and widowers, widowed mothers and fathers, and parents.

4,902,930 141,160 2.9

Under 65....................................................................................................... 662,570 2,750 .4

65–74............................................................................................................ 1,515,390 22,950 1.5

75–84............................................................................................................ 1,747,100 47,470 2.7

85 or older..................................................................................................... 977,870 67,990 7.0

Disabled widows and widowers ........................................................................ 200,130 13,510 6.8

Under 55....................................................................................................... 27,540 2,100 7.6

55–64............................................................................................................ 172,590 11,410 6.6

Disabled children, aged 18 or older .................................................................. 733,610 577,250 78.7

Under 35....................................................................................................... 210,890 150,680 71.4

35–44............................................................................................................ 212,160 167,670 79.0

45–54............................................................................................................ 160,910 133,520 82.9

55 or older..................................................................................................... 149,650 125,380 83.7

Students, aged 18–19....................................................................................... 97,220 3,270 3.4

Children under age 18 .......................................................................................... 2,979,660 2,977,290 99.9

In custody of parent payee................................................................................ 2,675,030 2,675,030 100.0

Not in custody of parent payee ......................................................................... 304,630 302,260 99.2
5.M OASDI Current-Pay Benefits: International Agreements

CONTACT: Dana Nichele Mercer/Robert L. Hackendorf (410) 966-6377/965-5536 for further information.

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 247

Table 5.M1.—Number of beneficiaries and average monthly benefit under U.S. totalization agreements, by country and 

type of benefit, December 1983–2000

Year and country Total

Retired

workers

Disabled

workers

Wives and

husbands

Widows and

widowers 1

 1 Includes nondisabled and disabled widow and widowers, and mothers and fathers. 2 Not shown to avoid disclosure of information regarding particular individuals.

Children

Number

December:

1983 ............................................................ 1,541 970 97 266 109 99

1984 ............................................................ 2,717 1,664 254 435 202 162

1985 ............................................................ 7,857 4,773 404 1,730 578 372

1990 ............................................................ 27,662 17,432 1,609 5,801 2,078 742

1995 ............................................................ 54,806 35,925 2,428 10,974 4,431 1,048

1996 ............................................................ 59,455 39,085 2,514 11,917 4,893 1,046

1997 ............................................................ 63,842 42,163 2,662 12,583 5,342 1,092

1998 ............................................................ 68,748 45,632 2,708 13,376 5,926 1,106

1999 ............................................................ 74,933 50,018 2,749 14,421 6,636 1,109

2000 ............................................................ 82,404 55,398 2,687 15,806 7,302 1,211

December 2000:

Austria ......................................................... 614 464 45 67 25 13

Belgium ....................................................... 487 348 (2) 94 32 (2)

Canada........................................................ 34,922 21,292 1,475 7,721 3,940 494

Finland ........................................................ 130 94 8 19 (2) (2)

France ......................................................... 2,861 2,071 36 517 164 73

Germany ..................................................... 11,915 9,142 523 1,437 654 159

Greece ........................................................ 1,544 1,060 55 322 79 28

Ireland ......................................................... 833 601 27 132 53 20

Italy.............................................................. 6,789 4,385 97 1,277 931 99

Luxembourg ................................................ 25 15 (2) 4 (2) (2)

Netherlands................................................. 1,513 1,078 6 317 83 29

Norway........................................................ 2,658 1,715 74 544 288 37

Portugal....................................................... 1,504 1,005 78 252 139 30

Spain ........................................................... 1,532 945 57 345 149 36

Sweden ....................................................... 1,007 767 23 164 40 13

Switzerland.................................................. 2,649 1,973 21 522 104 29

United Kingdom........................................... 11,421 8,443 155 2,072 615 136

Average benefit

December:

1983 ............................................................ $62.61 $68.77 $145.68 $24.01 $49.27 $40.16

1984 ............................................................ 79.29 90.32 144.07 25.64 51.61 42.90

1985 ............................................................ 73.52 86.52 147.43 32.04 60.94 38.79

1990 ............................................................ 108.07 122.87 223.71 44.37 88.01 63.88

1995 ............................................................ 134.13 155.20 271.21 51.27 108.60 69.88

1996 ............................................................ 138.89 160.65 287.11 52.80 112.45 74.22

1997 ............................................................ 143.69 165.94 298.78 54.24 115.62 74.27

1998 ............................................................ 146.37 169.15 305.43 55.08 117.87 73.49

1999 ............................................................ 151.22 174.94 312.05 56.58 123.64 78.56

2000 ............................................................ 157.03 182.39 324.60 59.01 127.96 79.70

December 2000:

Austria ......................................................... 202.49 229.06 206.33 60.40 154.64 65.00

Belgium ....................................................... 158.96 186.91 (2) 56.68 144.97 (2)

Canada........................................................ 130.52 148.32 318.43 54.98 117.76 84.63

Finland ........................................................ 162.88 170.20 369.75 61.00 (2) (2)

France ......................................................... 165.12 192.37 346.03 65.56 143.49 56.55

Germany ..................................................... 211.95 237.13 313.10 62.04 141.00 77.82

Greece ........................................................ 130.64 140.68 369.62 60.86 128.54 89.36

Ireland ......................................................... 177.69 191.67 476.70 74.76 163.64 70.70

Italy.............................................................. 142.58 169.47 380.48 56.85 115.53 78.33

Luxembourg ................................................ 197.52 227.00 (2) 59.00 (2) (2)

Netherlands................................................. 150.77 177.52 430.33 63.96 137.14 86.59

Norway........................................................ 154.81 173.40 380.20 68.42 157.39 92.35

Portugal....................................................... 142.41 152.50 314.01 59.93 132.82 95.57

Spain ........................................................... 134.61 150.91 337.42 55.53 142.60 110.42

Sweden ....................................................... 150.90 165.10 312.87 64.82 158.38 89.85

Switzerland.................................................. 147.31 169.42 380.62 59.84 141.15 70.97

 United Kingdom .......................................... 195.83 229.33 331.32 66.93 164.78 65.63
6.A OASDI Benefits Awarded: Summary

CONTACT: Rona Blumenthal/Joseph Bondar (410) 965-0163/0162 for further information.

248 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Table 6.A1.—Number, by type of benefit, 1940–2000

[Benefits not necessarily payable at time of award]

Year Total

Retired

workers

Disabled

workers

Wives and

husbands of— Children of— Widowed

mothers

and

fathers

Widows

and

widowers Parents

Special

age-72

beneficiariesRetired

workers

Disabled

workers

Retired

workers

Deceased

workers

Disabled

workers

Total.......... 177,112,105 72,766,968 18,381,693 17,247,276 3,605,831 6,793,237 20,021,267 13,407,601 4,661,199 18,845,987 113,622 1,267,424

1940 ............. 254,984 132,335 . . . 34,555 . . . 8,249 51,133 . . . 23,260 4,600 852 . . .

1941 ............. 269,286 114,660 . . . 36,213 . . . 6,031 69,588 . . . 30,502 11,020 1,272 . . .

1942 ............. 258,116 99,622 . . . 33,250 . . . 4,859 72,525 . . . 31,820 14,774 1,266 . . .

1943 ............. 262,865 89,070 . . . 31,916 . . . 3,652 81,967 . . . 35,420 19,576 1,264 . . .

1944 ............. 318,949 110,097 . . . 40,349 . . . 4,350 95,326 . . . 42,649 24,759 1,419 . . .

1945 ............. 462,463 185,174 . . . 63,068 . . . 7,215 120,299 . . . 55,108 29,844 1,755 . . .

1946 ............. 547,150 258,980 . . . 88,515 . . . 10,736 104,139 . . . 44,190 38,823 1,767 . . .

1947 ............. 572,909 271,488 . . . 94,189 . . . 12,446 103,308 . . . 42,807 45,249 3,422 . . .

1948 ............. 596,201 275,903 . . . 98,554 . . . 12,604 106,351 . . . 44,276 55,667 2,846 . . .

1949 ............. 682,241 337,273 . . . 117,356 . . . 15,854 103,068 . . . 43,087 62,928 2,675 . . .

1950 ............. 962,628 567,131 . . . 162,768 . . . 25,495 97,146 . . . 41,101 66,735 2,252 . . .

1951 ............. 1,336,432 702,984 . . . 228,887 . . . 40,958 189,542 . . . 78,323 89,591 6,147 . . .

1952 ............. 1,053,303 531,206 . . . 177,707 . . . 24,695 158,650 . . . 64,875 92,302 3,868 . . .

1953 ............. 1,419,462 771,671 . . . 246,856 . . . 33,868 178,310 . . . 71,945 112,866 3,946 . . .

1954 ............. 1,401,733 749,911 . . . 236,764 . . . 35,938 176,858 . . . 70,775 128,026 3,461 . . .

1955 ............. 1,657,773 909,883 . . . 288,915 . . . 40,402 198,393 . . . 76,018 140,624 3,538 . . .

1956 ............. 1,855,296 934,033 . . . 384,562 . . . 37,900 173,883 . . . 67,475 253,524 3,919 . . .

1957 ............. 2,832,344 1,424,975 178,802 578,012 . . . 81,842 231,321 . . . 88,174 244,633 4,585 . . .

1958 1 ..........

 1 January—November.

2,123,465 1,041,668 131,382 366,553 12,920 63,408 205,110 18,264 81,467 199,320 3,373 . . .

1959 2 ..........

 2 Includes December 1958.

2,501,802 1,089,740 177,811 390,517 54,299 83,157 265,123 78,655 102,020 252,683 7,797 . . .

1960 ............. 2,336,144 981,717 207,805 339,987 54,187 69,979 241,430 104,310 92,607 239,267 4,855 . . .

1961 ............. 3,046,653 1,361,505 279,758 394,198 77,588 126,019 264,440 189,283 98,449 251,275 4,138 . . .

1962 ............. 3,004,501 1,347,268 250,634 393,857 69,212 135,984 266,286 170,354 99,925 267,051 3,930 . . .

1963 ............. 2,729,559 1,145,602 223,739 345,610 66,543 115,220 281,511 163,967 104,960 278,709 3,698 . . .

1964 ............. 2,552,063 1,041,807 207,592 316,262 59,706 100,051 288,304 145,439 106,249 283,263 3,390 . . .

1965 ............. 3,072,426 1,183,133 253,499 321,015 69,183 134,187 451,399 197,616 100,005 359,431 2,958 . . .

1966 ............. 4,722,483 1,647,524 278,345 396,856 81,238 195,055 584,901 276,093 107,135 403,595 3,202 748,539

1967 ............. 3,596,770 1,161,130 301,359 319,503 87,296 167,676 534,568 282,662 110,762 355,589 2,658 273,567

1968 ............. 3,619,927 1,240,098 323,154 329,935 89,603 172,460 593,331 299,016 113,765 375,391 2,144 81,030

1969 ............. 3,699,633 1,272,784 344,741 335,723 94,690 176,162 622,109 313,629 116,922 375,753 2,093 45,027

1970 ............. 3,722,433 1,338,107 350,384 339,447 96,304 182,595 591,724 316,546 112,377 363,216 1,852 29,881

1971 ............. 3,965,157 1,391,403 415,897 338,219 113,222 196,589 613,193 372,224 116,548 381,262 1,635 24,965

1972 ............. 4,202,607 1,461,399 455,438 353,742 124,366 209,422 643,513 411,766 117,699 402,809 2,086 20,367

1973 ............. 4,220,493 1,493,194 491,616 349,493 128,198 217,708 618,825 413,751 118,775 372,167 1,655 15,111

1974 ............. 4,100,809 1,413,145 535,977 319,149 132,042 201,684 574,174 443,909 109,221 363,693 1,155 6,660

1975 ............. 4,427,138 1,505,750 592,049 350,558 148,741 225,579 591,118 515,216 116,224 377,246 969 3,688

1976 ............. 4,351,654 1,475,773 551,460 346,623 147,407 236,805 578,905 511,487 113,520 385,373 914 3,387

1977 ............. 4,610,730 1,593,631 568,874 390,874 151,938 259,447 587,589 518,477 118,821 416,735 870 3,474

1978 ............. 4,166,571 1,472,786 464,415 346,956 130,161 214,284 566,992 453,382 110,015 403,679 844 3,057

1979 ............. 4,229,286 1,590,854 416,713 358,163 113,243 247,800 544,549 399,172 110,424 445,555 788 2,025

1980 ............. 4,214,567 1,612,669 396,559 360,693 108,500 248,658 540,246 385,208 107,809 452,156 724 1,345

1981 ............. 4,029,827 1,578,990 351,847 338,540 95,575 211,406 535,487 339,654 99,653 477,121 606 948

1982 ............. 3,840,579 1,618,411 297,131 349,967 77,835 182,849 473,396 260,470 86,786 492,451 498 785

1983 ............. 3,755,994 1,669,738 311,549 356,274 80,079 144,945 380,992 226,895 82,464 501,688 431 939

1984 ............. 3,690,103 1,607,370 361,998 342,691 81,834 131,986 351,326 238,252 73,794 499,677 383 792

1985 ............. 3,796,394 1,690,490 377,371 356,558 83,511 128,076 332,531 253,025 72,241 501,673 381 537

1986 ............. 3,853,454 1,734,248 416,865 358,115 82,435 122,652 319,808 258,167 69,340 491,052 344 428

1987 ............. 3,733,853 1,681,716 415,848 333,333 77,316 117,984 310,573 256,742 64,777 475,035 286 243

1988 ............. 3,680,969 1,654,068 409,490 316,929 73,790 116,659 324,346 265,026 62,676 457,574 263 148

1989 ............. 3,646,349 1,656,744 425,582 310,498 69,113 106,491 307,484 261,387 59,525 449,139 281 105

1990 ............. 3,716,924 1,664,754 467,977 308,980 69,667 108,105 303,616 283,586 58,060 451,862 233 84

1991 ............. 3,865,426 1,695,346 536,434 307,000 72,754 107,261 301,459 318,188 57,896 468,788 246 54

1992 ............. 4,050,849 1,707,949 636,637 304,764 78,083 108,686 304,300 381,585 56,402 472,078 298 67

1993 ............. 4,001,201 1,661,281 635,238 290,728 74,605 106,566 311,290 398,598 56,408 466,198 238 51

1994 ............. 3,940,342 1,625,347 631,870 275,025 69,549 102,983 310,051 411,205 54,732 459,340 213 27

1995 ............. 3,882,193 1,609,174 645,832 258,740 63,097 101,239 306,044 401,295 51,645 444,899 200 28

1996 ............. 3,793,238 1,581,452 624,335 244,014 57,528 98,655 302,480 397,350 49,150 438,081 177 16

1997 ............. 3,865,966 1,718,623 587,417 268,012 50,818 97,594 297,204 362,548 43,504 440,076 157 13

1998 ............. 3,800,259 1,631,511 608,131 263,668 47,550 96,893 294,851 371,426 42,395 443,669 152 13

1999 ............. 3,917,099 1,690,024 620,488 275,568 46,164 99,826 295,196 378,144 41,756 469,806 118 9

2000 ............. 4,290,080 1,960,649 621,650 341,503 43,941 115,358 297,686 363,632 40,491 505,021 135 14
6.A OASDI Benefits Awarded: Summary

CONTACT: Rona Blumenthal/Joseph Bondar (410) 965-0163/0162 for further information.

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 249

Table 6.A2.—Average primary insurance amount for retired workers and average monthly benefit for retired workers, 

disabled workers, and widows, 1940–2000

Year 1 

 1 Some years shown in several parts to reflect amendments that change benefit rates during the year.

 2 Data for January and February not available.

Average primary insurance amount Average monthly benefit

Retired workers Retired workers Disabled workers Nondisabled

Total Men Women Total Men Women Total Men Women widows

1940.......................................... $22.71 $23.26 $18.38 $22.71 $23.26 $18.38 . . . . . . . . . $20.36

1945.......................................... 25.11 25.71 19.99 25.11 25.71 19.99 . . . . . . . . . 20.17

1950 (Jan.-Aug.)....................... 29.03 30.16 22.98 29.03 30.16 22.98 . . . . . . . . . 21.65

1950 (Sept.-Dec.) ..................... 33.24 35.32 26.85 33.24 35.32 26.85 . . . . . . . . . 36.89

1955.......................................... 69.74 75.86 56.05 69.74 75.86 56.05 . . . . . . . . . 49.68

1960.......................................... 83.87 92.03 69.23 81.73 92.03 63.26 $91.16 $94.02 $78.91 62.12

1965 (Jan.-Aug.)....................... 88.57 96.56 74.99 82.69 90.89 68.78 93.26 97.89 80.27 73.81

1965 (Sept.-Dec.) ..................... 99.36 108.79 82.34 89.20 99.90 71.26 101.30 106.51 86.75 75.37

1966.......................................... 100.57 108.82 85.06 93.75 102.85 77.34 101.41 106.40 86.92 74.16

1967.......................................... 96.62 105.83 81.66 89.74 99.05 74.63 101.84 106.95 87.04 77.68

1968 (Mar.-Dec.) 2..................... 111.82 122.00 95.49 103.82 114.15 87.25 115.67 121.77 98.35 90.02

1969.......................................... 114.51 125.37 97.29 106.13 117.09 88.80 118.35 125.11 99.37 91.55

1970.......................................... 133.94 146.99 113.69 123.82 136.80 103.67 139.79 148.39 115.74 106.95

1975 (Jan.-May)........................ 216.56 242.76 176.76 196.42 220.35 160.50 220.60 241.48 175.27 185.34

1975 (June-Dec.)...................... 235.13 264.67 191.56 213.68 241.05 173.31 243.47 266.08 192.13 198.88

1976 (Jan.-May)........................ 241.19 273.43 193.03 218.40 247.46 174.99 247.32 270.78 193.97 201.05

1976 (June-Dec.)...................... 257.95 293.96 206.65 233.72 266.64 186.84 271.19 297.10 213.29 214.22

1977 (Jan.-May)........................ 264.80 301.70 209.90 239.60 272.80 190.30 273.20 299.30 214.10 216.90

1977 (June-Dec.)...................... 280.20 322.30 221.50 254.90 293.20 201.40 294.80 323.20 230.00 227.40

1978 (Jan.-May)........................ 288.50 332.60 225.30 262.20 301.80 205.50 300.20 329.30 233.80 233.60

1978 (June-Dec.)...................... 305.00 356.00 237.60 278.40 324.70 217.10 328.80 360.70 254.70 246.50

1979 (Jan.-May)........................ 318.00 368.50 246.50 289.30 335.30 224.40 333.60 366.60 259.10 241.50

1979 (June-Dec.)...................... 348.50 406.00 269.10 317.00 370.80 242.80 360.30 396.50 278.30 275.60

1980 (Jan.-May)........................ 353.80 411.70 270.50 321.10 374.00 244.90 352.10 388.80 269.70 277.50

1980 (June-Dec.)...................... 396.30 465.50 301.00 359.80 422.90 272.90 396.50 437.90 301.00 312.80

1981 (Jan.-May)........................ 400.10 467.50 302.60 363.60 424.20 276.00 389.80 431.40 295.00 313.00

1981 (June-Dec.)...................... 438.80 514.50 332.60 400.10 468.00 304.80 425.60 471.30 320.70 346.30

1982 (Jan.-May)........................ 425.60 504.20 315.10 388.40 457.50 291.40 416.90 462.40 312.70 350.80

1982 (June-Dec.)...................... 447.10 532.70 328.50 408.60 483.00 305.50 441.10 489.50 328.00 375.30

1983 (Jan.-Nov.) ....................... 448.00 531.60 330.00 408.20 480.30 306.50 432.40 480.30 317.90 385.10

1983 (Dec.)............................... 451.20 546.40 325.50 410.20 491.80 302.50 445.30 496.80 333.20 400.50

1984 (Jan.-Nov.) ....................... 457.10 544.40 335.60 414.70 489.40 310.90 443.00 494.00 332.20 406.80

1984 (Dec.)............................... 471.00 565.70 343.00 429.50 511.30 318.90 461.10 516.50 342.90 428.00

1985 (Jan.-Nov.) ....................... 475.70 566.20 348.00 432.00 509.60 322.20 459.20 514.00 345.00 431.10

1985 (Dec.)............................... 487.60 588.30 352.00 443.10 530.00 326.10 477.60 535.90 357.20 436.90

1986 (Jan.-Nov.) ....................... 500.30 596.90 363.50 453.10 536.00 335.70 471.50 527.60 358.20 452.10

1986 (Dec.)............................... 504.60 611.00 361.70 456.90 548.40 334.00 489.00 546.90 369.60 446.20

1987 (Jan.-Nov.) ....................... 516.80 618.90 374.10 466.10 553.60 343.90 487.00 546.80 368.90 462.00

1987 (Dec.)............................... 536.90 648.80 386.80 484.00 580.00 355.20 517.10 583.40 391.80 477.40

1988 (Jan.-Nov.) ....................... 540.70 648.60 390.40 487.80 580.30 359.00 517.20 581.90 392.60 488.80

1988 (Dec.)............................... 560.00 679.50 401.20 504.90 607.00 369.20 543.00 612.70 410.00 499.20

1989 (Jan.-Nov.) ....................... 572.80 686.90 412.90 516.60 614.80 379.00 539.90 608.00 414.40 512.90

1989 (Dec.)............................... 597.50 724.90 425.90 538.70 647.50 392.10 571.20 645.90 437.50 525.70

1990 (Jan.-Nov.) ....................... 609.00 729.70 438.20 550.50 654.60 403.30 566.90 637.80 438.90 541.10

1990 (Dec.)............................... 626.40 761.00 447.30 559.30 672.10 409.30 600.60 676.90 466.60 566.60

1991 (Jan.-Nov.) ....................... 642.80 768.90 460.40 583.50 692.30 426.10 593.00 666.90 464.20 573.70

1991 (Dec.)............................... 656.20 793.40 467.40 592.80 709.50 432.10 613.20 689.70 481.50 582.10

1992 (Jan.-Nov.) ....................... 671.60 803.10 483.40 608.60 721.90 446.50 601.60 677.00 474.70 596.90

1992 (Dec.)............................... 688.30 829.30 493.80 620.70 740.90 454.90 625.70 706.50 490.30 604.00

1993 (Jan.-Nov.) ....................... 697.10 831.50 507.10 630.60 746.20 467.00 621.70 699.80 494.70 620.70

1993 (Dec.)............................... 716.20 861.70 519.00 645.90 769.80 477.90 649.90 735.70 512.30 618.90

1994 (Jan.-Nov.) ....................... 722.90 862.90 530.30 651.00 771.30 485.40 647.00 731.30 518.50 637.80

1994 (Dec.)............................... 741.90 892.40 541.50 665.70 794.20 494.50 684.80 776.50 549.00 644.60

1995 (Jan.-Nov.) ....................... 744.30 887.00 551.40 671.70 794.30 505.80 675.70 767.30 546.00 662.50

1995 (Dec.)............................... 765.30 917.60 563.60 668.40 818.00 516.70 703.40 798.70 568.70 675.40

1996 (Jan.-Nov.) ....................... 769.20 916.80 572.40 693.60 820.50 524.50 693.70 788.90 567.80 683.10

1996 (Dec.)............................... 788.90 950.20 582.90 708.70 846.00 533.30 727.70 832.00 590.00 690.30

1997 (Jan.-Nov.) ....................... 787.10 951.70 608.50 723.30 854.30 581.30 718.30 820.40 590.70 700.60

1997 (Dec.)............................... 812.80 982.00 610.40 734.50 876.90 564.40 748.40 851.60 615.10 699.90

1998 (Jan.-Nov.) ....................... 819.50 983.10 620.00 744.70 882.10 577.10 737.00 841.50 610.60 716.70

1998 (Dec.)............................... 831.10 1,003.20 628.80 754.20 898.40 584.70 762.00 870.30 633.80 711.00

1999 (Jan.-Nov.) ....................... 857.60 1,023.20 649.50 777.10 918.40 599.60 763.90 870.60 636.60 713.30

1999 (Dec.)............................... 875.70 1,043.90 663.70 791.20 934.30 610.70 792.60 904.30 660.60 708.20

2000 (Jan.-Nov.) ....................... 904.90 1,069.40 685.40 841.60 990.50 643.00 806.40 917.60 673.20 708.70

2000 (Dec.)............................... 930.00 1,111.00 713.00 842.80 996.50 658.50 846.60 960.20 710.00 715.40
6.A OASDI Benefits Awarded: Summary

250 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Table 6.A3.—Number and average monthly benefit, by type of benefit, age, sex, and race,1 2000

[Based on 1-percent sample]

Type of benefit, sex, and age

in month of award

Total 2 White Black Other

Number

Average

monthly benefit 3 Number

Average

monthly benefit 3 Number

Average

monthly benefit 3 Number

Average

monthly benefit 3

Retired workers 4

Total ................................................... 1,968,100 $873.30 1,625,400 $904.70 177,000 $761.70 158,300 $680.60

62–64.......................................................... 1,211,700 791.40 1,024,600 815.00 100,100 706.10 85,100 607.80

65–69.......................................................... 719,700 1,011.50 578,200 1,060.10 73,200 839.20 63,100 785.80

70 or older................................................... 36,700 868.90 22,600 995.10 3,700 733.10 10,100 636.00

Men.................................................... 1,114,600 1,026.80 933,600 1,071.10 92,300 850.90 84,500 738.00

62–64.......................................................... 637,000 948.10 540,100 985.70 49,600 792.00 46,200 676.60

65–69.......................................................... 463,000 1,137.30 383,200 1,190.80 41,100 925.90 35,700 831.00

70 or older................................................... 14,600 953.70 10,300 1,093.80 1,600 750.30 2,600 550.50

Women .............................................. 853,500 672.90 691,800 680.20 84,700 664.50 73,800 614.80

62–64.......................................................... 574,700 617.70 484,500 624.80 50,500 621.80 38,900 526.10

65–69.......................................................... 256,700 784.60 195,000 803.30 32,100 728.10 27,400 727.00

70 or older................................................... 22,100 812.80 12,300 912.50 2,100 720.10 7,500 665.60

Disabled workers

Total ................................................... 612,200 $833.80 424,200 $872.20 101,800 $771.40 84,300 $713.20

Under 30 ..................................................... 38,900 514.00 24,900 532.90 7,600 459.10 6,400 505.90

30–39.......................................................... 81,400 700.80 53,700 717.50 15,100 666.80 12,400 671.70

40–49.......................................................... 150,100 813.70 98,100 845.50 28,500 761.90 23,400 743.60

50–54.......................................................... 111,000 862.20 73,700 901.80 17,800 856.30 19,400 717.90

55–59.......................................................... 130,300 928.40 98,000 955.50 19,700 880.00 11,700 768.60

60 or older................................................... 100,500 941.40 75,800 991.60 13,100 815.50 11,000 748.30

Men.................................................... 329,800 947.50 231,000 1,002.50 52,000 843.30 45,400 784.70

Under 30 ..................................................... 22,500 532.90 13,900 549.10 4,400 502.10 4,200 511.60

30–39.......................................................... 42,700 726.10 26,900 745.30 8,300 685.70 7,300 704.30

40–49.......................................................... 77,200 905.50 51,000 947.60 14,700 820.50 11,400 827.80

50–54.......................................................... 58,300 1,002.80 38,700 1,060.30 9,000 973.40 10,500 819.20

55–59.......................................................... 69,300 1,089.90 52,600 1,133.80 9,500 982.30 6,700 876.90

60 or older................................................... 59,800 1,097.10 47,900 1,146.10 6,100 950.50 5,300 834.60

Women .............................................. 282,400 701.00 193,200 716.50 49,800 696.40 38,900 629.60

Under 30 ..................................................... 16,400 488.10 11,000 512.30 3,200 400.10 2,200 494.90

30–39.......................................................... 38,700 673.00 26,800 689.50 6,800 643.60 5,100 625.00

40–49.......................................................... 72,900 716.50 47,100 734.90 13,800 699.40 12,000 663.70

50–54.......................................................... 52,700 706.50 35,000 726.50 8,800 736.40 8,900 598.40

55–59.......................................................... 61,000 744.90 45,400 748.90 10,200 784.70 5,000 623.50

60 or older................................................... 40,700 712.70 27,900 726.40 7,000 697.90 5,700 668.10

Wives

Total ................................................... 282,100 $387.70 241,500 $403.30 17,100 $306.40 21,500 $281.50

Wives of retired workers ............................. 245,300 412.30 212,200 426.10 13,200 341.60 18,200 306.60

 Entitlement based on care of children.... 14,600 340.00 10,500 372.70 1,500 341.10 2,500 196.10

 Entitlement based on age ...................... 230,700 416.90 201,700 428.80 11,700 341.70 15,700 324.20

 62–64 ................................................. 169,400 401.00 152,100 411.10 7,100 312.10 9,300 310.30

 65–69 ................................................. 53,200 474.00 43,600 494.10 3,400 397.60 5,600 368.00

 70 or older .......................................... 8,100 374.00 6,000 406.00 1,200 358.70 800 179.80

Wives of disabled workers .......................... 36,800 223.50 29,300 238.00 3,900 186.90 3,300 143.30

 Entitlement based on care of children.... 15,500 169.10 11,100 190.90 1,800 126.90 2,500 101.90

 Entitlement based on age ...................... 21,300 263.00 18,200 266.80 2,100 238.40 800 272.70

Husbands

Total ................................................... 11,400 $215.80 6,900 $214.40 1,200 $285.40 3,300 $193.40

Husbands of retired workers....................... 9,700 229.50 5,600 1,133.80 1,000 307 3,100 195.70

Husbands of disabled workers.................... 1,700 137.50 1,300 128.20 200 (5) 200 (5)

See footnotes at end of table.
6.A OASDI Benefits Awarded: Summary

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 251

Children

Total ................................................... 737,100 . . . 461,500 . . . 154,000 . . . 105,300 . . .

Children of retired workers.......................... 111,300 $373.00 72,800 $410.10 21,800 $345.40 16,100 $239.30

Children of deceased workers .................... 281,500 560.50 165,500 618.00 59,700 494.30 41,600 434.70

Children of disabled workers....................... 344,300 219.50 223,200 234.00 72,500 197.50 47,600 182.90

Under age 18 .............................................. 509,800 333.10 304,900 354.20 107,100 300.70 85,500 270.80

Disabled, aged 18 or older.......................... 37,500 391.30 26,500 403.60 5,900 386.40 4,100 287.10

Students, aged 18–19................................. 189,800 476.20 130,100 504.80 41,000 411.40 15,700 402.00

Widowed mothers and fathers

Total ................................................... 37,300 $588.70 24,200 $607.50 4,900 $562.00 5,000 $478.90

Under 30 ..................................................... 3,300 516.60 1,500 502.40 . . . . . . 800 607.90

30–39.......................................................... 13,500 525.20 7,900 527.50 2,200 504.50 2,200 476.60

40–49.......................................................... 15,300 640.30 11,000 651.20 1,600 641.10 1,700 429.30

50–59.......................................................... 4,600 653.80 3,400 696.80 900 565.10 300 (5)

60 or older................................................... 600 595.50 400 (5) 200 (5) . . . . . .

Widowed mothers ....................................... 34,500 596.80 22,100 624.50 4,700 555.80 4,600 470.30

Widowed fathers ......................................... 2,800 488.60 2,100 428.60 200 (5) 400 (5)

Nondisabled widows and widowers

Total ................................................... 333,800 $850.90 278,800 $881.10 31,300 $695.00 13,500 $591.20

60–64.......................................................... 144,700 781.30 120,000 812.60 16,300 649.90 7,700 585.80

65–69.......................................................... 60,300 860.80 48,800 902.00 8,100 721.60 2,600 620.60

70–74.......................................................... 37,100 890.30 32,400 923.50 2,900 688.00 1,000 476.00

75 or older................................................... 91,700 938.40 77,600 956.20 4,000 829.80 2,200 628.10

Widows ....................................................... 318,200 866.60 266,000 898.70 29,500 697.60 12,700 597.00

Widowers .................................................... 15,600 530.60 12,800 515.10 1,800 652.30 800 500.40

Disabled widows and widowers

Total ................................................... 27,700 $516.40 18,700 $545.20 6,800 $426.70 1,900 $556.50

50–54.......................................................... 9,000 512.30 5,500 556.70 3,000 431.10 300 (5)

55–59.......................................................... 16,400 517.70 11,700 541.90 3,300 423.90 1,300 513.60

60 or older................................................... 2,300 522.90 1,500 528.70 500 418.80 300 (5)

Widows ....................................................... 26,800 520.60 18,400 548.80 6,400 430.60 1,700 559.10

Widowers .................................................... 900 389.50 300 (5) 400 (5) 200 (5)

1 Race and ethnic designations are collected from the form SS-5 (Application for a Social Security Card). For dependents and survivor beneficiaries, race is assumed to be 

the same as that shown on the SS-5 for the wage earner on whose earnings record the benefit is based. 2 Includes persons of unknown race.

3 Benefits awarded before the December increase are converted to the December rates before computation of the averages.

4 Includes conversions from nondisabled widow(er)’s benefits to higher retired-worker benefits.

5 Average benefits not shown for fewer than 500 beneficiaries.

Table 6.A3.—Number and average monthly benefit, by type of benefit, age, sex, and race,1 2000—Continued

[Based on 1-percent sample]

Type of benefit, sex, and age

in month of award

Total 2 White Black Other

Number

Average

monthly benefit 3 Number

Average

monthly benefit 3 Number

Average

monthly benefit 3 Number

Average

monthly benefit 3

 CONTACT: Rona Blumenthal/Joseph Bondar (410) 965-0163/0162 for further information.
6.A OASDI Benefits Awarded: Summary

CONTACT: Rona Blumenthal/Joseph Bondar (410) 965-0163/0162 for further information.

252 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Table 6.A4.—Number and average monthly benefit for retired and disabled workers, by age and sex, 2000

[Based on 1-percent sample]

Type of benefit and age 

in month of award

Total Men Women

Number

Average

 monthly

 benefit 1

 1 Benefits awarded before the December increase are converted to the December rates before computation of the averages.

Number

Average

 monthly

 benefit1 Number

Average

 monthly

 benefit1

Retired workers 2 .............................................

 2 Includes conversions from nondisabled widow(er)’s benefits to higher retired-worker benefits.

1,968,100 $873.30 1,114,600 $1,026.80 853,500 $672.90

62–64.......................................................................... 1,211,700 791.40 637,000 948.10 574,700 617.70

62 ............................................................................ 909,700 762.30 464,100 921.70 445,600 596.30

63 ............................................................................ 118,100 846.90 68,100 980.20 50,000 665.30

64 ............................................................................ 183,900 899.70 104,800 1,044.10 79,100 708.30

65–69.......................................................................... 719,700 1,011.50 463,000 1,137.30 256,700 784.60

65 ............................................................................ 553,900 971.90 352,800 1,098.50 201,100 749.90

Disability conversions.......................................... 209,200 852.50 126,800 989.90 82,400 641.00

Newly entitled ...................................................... 344,700 1,044.40 226,000 1,159.40 118,700 825.40

66 ............................................................................ 69,000 1,100.10 47,700 1,194.90 21,300 887.60

67 ............................................................................ 42,200 1,133.70 27,300 1,267.30 14,900 889.00

68 ............................................................................ 32,200 1,180.10 20,900 1,311.00 11,300 938.00

69 ............................................................................ 22,400 1,244.40 14,300 1,399.70 8,100 970.20

70–74.......................................................................... 31,500 901.50 12,500 1,024.90 19,000 820.30

75 or older................................................................... 5,200 671.10 2,100 529.90 3,100 766.70

Disabled workers ............................................. 612,200 833.80 329,800 947.50 282,400 701.00

Under 25 ..................................................................... 17,700 439.30 11,000 466.50 6,700 394.60

25–29.......................................................................... 21,200 576.40 11,500 596.40 9,700 552.70

30–34.......................................................................... 29,900 650.60 15,300 645.60 14,600 655.70

35–39.......................................................................... 51,500 730.00 27,400 771.00 24,100 683.40

40–44.......................................................................... 70,100 764.30 35,300 846.40 34,800 681.20

45–49.......................................................................... 80,000 856.90 41,900 955.30 38,100 748.70

50–54.......................................................................... 111,000 862.20 58,300 1,002.80 52,700 706.50

50 ............................................................................ 21,200 831.20 11,200 931.20 10,000 719.30

51 ............................................................................ 19,500 850.10 10,000 983.70 9,500 709.50

52 ............................................................................ 21,900 891.80 11,800 1,060.10 10,100 695.10

53 ............................................................................ 26,200 891.70 14,000 1,032.60 12,200 730.10

54 ............................................................................ 22,200 838.20 11,300 994.20 10,900 676.40

55–59.......................................................................... 130,300 928.40 69,300 1,089.90 61,000 744.90

55 ............................................................................ 24,400 908.10 13,300 1,067.00 11,100 717.60

56 ............................................................................ 26,600 939.90 14,100 1,102.90 12,500 756.00

57 ............................................................................ 29,700 934.80 15,800 1,101.40 13,900 745.40

58 ............................................................................ 23,400 952.80 12,300 1,093.60 11,100 796.80

59 ............................................................................ 26,200 906.70 13,800 1,082.30 12,400 711.30

60–64.......................................................................... 100,500 941.40 59,800 1,097.10 40,700 712.70

60 ............................................................................ 25,100 934.10 14,600 1,109.40 10,500 690.30

61 ............................................................................ 27,800 948.50 15,400 1,123.40 12,400 731.20

62 ............................................................................ 22,800 960.60 13,900 1,096.90 8,900 747.70

63 ............................................................................ 13,900 951.30 9,000 1,060.00 4,900 751.60

64 3 .........................................................................

 3 Includes 1,300 beneficiaries with awards processed after attainment of age 65.

10,900 887.60 6,900 1,060.80 4,000 588.90
6.A OASDI Benefits Awarded: Summary

CONTACT: Rona Blumenthal/Joseph Bondar (410) 965-0163/0162 for further information.

 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 253

Table 6.A5.—Number and average monthly benefit with reduction for early retirement, by type of benefit, sex, and 

age, 2000

[Based on 1-percent sample]

Type of benefit and age

in month of award

Total Men Women

Number

Average

monthly benefit1

1 Benefits awarded before the December increase are converted to the December rates before computation of the averages.

Number

Average

monthly benefit1 Number

Average

monthly benefit1

Retired workers ............................................................... 1,252,900 $792.80 660,500 $947.70 592,400 $620.20

62.............................................................................................. 909,700 762.30 464,100 921.70 445,600 596.30

63.............................................................................................. 118,100 846.90 68,100 980.20 50,000 665.30

64.............................................................................................. 174,600 898.10 99,200 1,042.70 75,400 707.90

65.............................................................................................. 44,500 872.10 28,100 972.50 16,400 699.90

66 or older................................................................................. 6,000 707.00 1,000 648.90 5,000 718.70

Disabled workers ............................................................. 27,900 924.70 18,100 1,048.50 9,800 696.10

62.............................................................................................. 10,000 951.00 6,500 1,059.10 3,500 750.40

63.............................................................................................. 9,700 943.90 6,400 1,028.50 3,300 780.00

64 2 ...........................................................................................

2 Includes 1,000 beneficiaries with awards processed after attainment of age 65.

8,200 869.80 5,200 1,059.80 3,000 540.40

Wives and husbands, total............................................... 204,200 376.90 3,800 182.20 200,400 380.60

Wives and husbands of retired workers .............................. 183,400 391.10 3,100 187.40 180,300 394.60

Wives and husbands of disabled workers........................... 20,800 251.90 700 159.40 20,100 255.10

Wives................................................................................... 200,400 380.60 . . . . . . 200,400 380.60

62.............................................................................................. 132,200 374.60 . . . . . . 132,200 374.60

63.............................................................................................. 29,900 414.60 . . . . . . 29,900 414.60

64.............................................................................................. 26,100 413.80 . . . . . . 26,100 413.80

65.............................................................................................. 7,300 332.60 . . . . . . 7,300 332.60

66.............................................................................................. 1,300 190.80 . . . . . . 1,300 190.80

67 or older................................................................................. 3,600 245.50 . . . . . . 3,600 245.50

Husbands.............................................................................. 3,800 182.20 3,800 182.20 . . . . . .

Nondisabled widows and widowers, total ........................ 163,900 769.50 10,200 558.40 153,700 783.50

Nondisabled widows............................................................ 153,700 783.50 . . . . . . 153,700 783.50

60.............................................................................................. 68,100 771.80 . . . . . . 68,100 771.80

61.............................................................................................. 23,100 788.20 . . . . . . 23,100 788.20

62.............................................................................................. 16,800 812.50 . . . . . . 16,800 812.50

63.............................................................................................. 11,700 804.80 . . . . . . 11,700 804.80

64.............................................................................................. 12,900 923.90 . . . . . . 12,900 923.90

65.............................................................................................. 14,100 676.00 . . . . . . 14,100 676.00

66.............................................................................................. 1,100 763.50 . . . . . . 1,100 763.50

67–69........................................................................................ 1,600 800.70 . . . . . . 1,600 800.70

70 or older................................................................................. 4,300 700.50 . . . . . . 4,300 700.50

Nondisabled widowers ........................................................ 10,200 558.40 10,200 558.40 . . . . . .
6.A OASDI Benefits Awarded: Summary

CONTACT: Rona Blumenthal/Joseph Bondar (410) 965-0163/0162 for further information.

254 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Table 6.A6.—Number, percentage distribution, and average monthly benefit for retired and disabled workers, 

by state, 2000

State

Retired workers Disabled workers

Number Percent

Average

monthly

benefit1

1 Benefits awarded before the December increase are converted to the December rates before computation of the averages.

Number Percent

Average

 monthly

 benefit1

Total 2..............................................................

2 Includes beneficiaries with state code unknown.

1,959,376 100.0 $869.00 621,316 100.0 $837.40

Alabama................................................................... 33,451 1.7 839.00 15,597 2.5 810.70

Alaska ...................................................................... 3,229 .2 843.80 1,113 .2 875.60

Arizona..................................................................... 34,383 1.8 885.80 11,750 1.9 852.30

Arkansas.................................................................. 20,443 1.0 801.90 8,630 1.4 790.90

California.................................................................. 202,484 10.3 869.60 54,890 8.8 812.50

Colorado .................................................................. 25,460 1.3 853.70 5,843 .9 857.20

Connecticut.............................................................. 25,100 1.3 950.40 7,296 1.2 894.50

Delaware.................................................................. 5,832 .3 925.20 2,018 .3 874.20

District of Columbia.................................................. 3,755 .2 757.20 977 .2 787.90

Florida...................................................................... 124,050 6.3 835.40 35,259 5.7 826.10

Georgia .................................................................... 50,016 2.6 849.00 19,350 3.1 825.10

Hawaii ...................................................................... 8,367 .4 852.10 2,124 .3 849.20

Idaho........................................................................ 8,720 .4 845.50 2,682 .4 806.00

Illinois....................................................................... 83,218 4.2 893.60 22,093 3.6 877.70

Indiana ..................................................................... 43,152 2.2 922.00 13,039 2.1 863.30

Iowa ......................................................................... 21,640 1.1 875.30 5,982 1.0 802.90

Kansas..................................................................... 17,782 .9 879.60 5,711 .9 826.90

Kentucky .................................................................. 27,692 1.4 825.90 13,958 2.2 812.40

Louisiana.................................................................. 26,634 1.4 798.50 10,682 1.7 816.20

Maine ....................................................................... 9,705 .5 795.20 4,007 .6 749.90

Maryland .................................................................. 36,994 1.9 891.70 10,215 1.6 880.60

Massachusetts......................................................... 44,156 2.3 882.00 14,572 2.3 831.60

Michigan................................................................... 69,943 3.6 965.10 23,841 3.8 895.70

Minnesota ................................................................ 32,739 1.7 892.00 8,895 1.4 831.50

Mississippi................................................................ 19,920 1.0 801.60 10,066 1.6 781.10

Missouri.................................................................... 41,052 2.1 856.00 16,517 2.7 833.40

Montana................................................................... 6,661 .3 810.40 1,821 .3 808.00

Nebraska.................................................................. 11,599 .6 862.70 3,506 .6 783.10

Nevada..................................................................... 15,878 .8 856.30 4,401 .7 866.60

New Hampshire ....................................................... 9,121 .5 899.50 2,841 .5 841.80

New Jersey .............................................................. 63,470 3.2 959.20 16,978 2.7 929.50

New Mexico ............................................................. 12,396 .6 801.60 3,665 .6 811.30

New York.................................................................. 131,833 6.7 915.00 41,776 6.7 897.20

North Carolina.......................................................... 57,561 2.9 844.80 23,191 3.7 821.40

North Dakota............................................................ 4,523 .2 829.30 983 .2 785.60

Ohio ......................................................................... 79,166 4.0 884.70 22,001 3.5 830.90

Oklahoma................................................................. 25,183 1.3 828.10 8,255 1.3 807.50

Oregon..................................................................... 24,321 1.2 871.50 6,887 1.1 832.10

Pennsylvania............................................................ 94,623 4.8 913.30 30,219 4.9 846.30

Rhode Island............................................................ 7,372 .4 878.80 2,950 .5 785.80

South Carolina ......................................................... 29,117 1.5 846.50 12,578 2.0 825.90

South Dakota ........................................................... 5,333 .3 802.60 1,304 .2 745.50

Tennessee................................................................ 42,479 2.2 847.00 15,749 2.5 813.20

Texas........................................................................ 120,407 6.1 843.40 31,177 5.0 828.70

Utah ......................................................................... 11,786 .6 886.10 2,727 .4 834.10

Vermont.................................................................... 4,335 .2 854.00 1,487 .2 795.40

Virginia..................................................................... 47,413 2.4 858.90 16,254 2.6 844.20

Washington .............................................................. 38,934 2.0 916.00 12,472 2.0 867.30

West Virginia............................................................ 13,764 .7 857.80 6,925 1.1 877.90

Wisconsin................................................................. 38,047 1.9 901.30 10,262 1.7 844.50

Wyoming.................................................................. 3,527 .2 855.90 861 .1 835.70

Outlying areas:

Puerto Rico .......................................................... 22,434 1.1 612.00 11,603 1.9 692.70

Other areas and foreign countries 3 .....................

3 Includes American Samoa, Guam, Northern Mariana Islands, Virgin Islands, and foreign countries.

18,176 .9 461.50 1,336 .2 618.20
6.B OASDI Benefits Awarded: Retired Workers

CONTACT: Diane Wallace/Barbara Lingg (410) 965-0165/0156 for further information.

 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 255

Table 6.B1.—Number of initial awards to retired workers aged 62–64, average primary insurance amount, average monthly 

benefit, and number of months of benefits withheld due to earnings, by age and sex, 2000 1 

[Based on 1-percent sample]

 1 Excludes persons whose benefits were converted from disabled worker to retired worker in 2000. Includes conversions from nondisabled widow(er)’s benefits to higher 

retired-worker benefits.

Age in month of award

and sex

All initial

awards 2

 2 Includes 5,500 awards for which benefits were withheld for reasons other than earnings.

Benefits received for all

entitlement months 3

 3 Months of entitlement begin with the month of award and end either in December 2000 or the month before the retired-worker benefit is terminated.

Benefits withheld due to earnings

All entitlement

months

One-half or more of

entitlement months

Less than one-half of

entitlement months

Number of beneficiaries

Total......................................................... 1,184,400 1,072,500 14,500 64,700 27,200

62.................................................................... 896,100 835,400 10,000 31,100 15,500

63.................................................................... 115,300 99,100 2,800 7,700 5,100

64.................................................................... 173,000 138,000 1,700 25,900 6,600

Men ............................................................. 620,400 554,700 9,100 38,500 14,900

62.................................................................... 456,300 421,700 6,100 17,800 8,200

63.................................................................... 66,200 56,800 2,000 4,300 2,800

64.................................................................... 97,900 76,200 1,000 16,400 3,900

Women........................................................ 564,000 517,800 5,400 26,200 12,300

62.................................................................... 439,800 413,700 3,900 13,300 7,300

63.................................................................... 49,100 42,300 800 3,400 2,300

64.................................................................... 75,100 61,800 700 9,500 2,700

Average primary insurance amount 4 

 4 Amount for December 2000 or the amount for the latest month of entitlement multiplied by the December benefit increase. 

Note: Due to the elimination of the earnings test for beneficiaries aged 65 or older in 2000, Table 6.B1 includes data previously published in Table 6.B2 for beneficiaries

aged 62-64.

Total......................................................... $930.20 $922.20 $1,016.30 $1,022.50 $1,000.70

62.................................................................... 931.50 928.40 1,002.50 992.00 979.20

63.................................................................... 938.90 928.70 1,116.80 953.50 992.20

64.................................................................... 917.40 880.10 932.00 1,079.60 1,058.00

Men ............................................................. 1,136.00 1,131.60 1,143.80 1,188.30 1,194.60

62.................................................................... 1,151.90 1,151.60 1,136.20 1,181.50 1,181.80

63.................................................................... 1,105.00 1,095.30 1,191.90 1,105.60 1,226.90

64.................................................................... 1,082.70 1,047.50 1,094.00 1,217.50 1,198.20

Women........................................................ 703.80 698.00 801.50 778.80 766.00

62.................................................................... 702.80 700.90 793.50 738.50 751.60

63.................................................................... 714.90 704.90 928.90 761.10 706.60

64.................................................................... 701.90 673.70 700.50 841.60 855.50

Average monthly benefit 4

Total......................................................... $795.30 $785.90 $854.80 $915.00 $869.00

62.................................................................... 765.70 763.80 811.60 805.00 794.20

63.................................................................... 854.00 847.20 988.20 855.40 891.00

64.................................................................... 909.50 875.20 889.50 1,064.80 1,027.50

Men ............................................................. 949.20 940.10 961.20 1,057.30 1,032.50

62.................................................................... 923.50 922.80 917.30 954.00 953.50

63.................................................................... 981.50 972.70 1,052.40 938.70 1,097.50

64.................................................................... 1,047.10 1,011.20 1,046.60 1,188.60 1,152.20

Women........................................................ 626.00 620.70 675.50 705.90 670.80

62.................................................................... 601.90 601.70 646.20 605.60 615.30

63.................................................................... 682.20 678.60 827.90 693.10 639.50

64.................................................................... 730.20 707.60 665.10 851.10 847.50
6.B OASDI Benefits Awarded: Retired Workers

CONTACT: Diane Wallace/Barbara Lingg (410) 965-0165/0156 for further information.

256 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 

Table 6.B3.—Number and percentage distribution with and without reduction for early retirement, by monthly benefit and 

sex, 2000

[Based on 1-percent sample. Benefits not necessarily payable at time of award]

Monthly benefit

 and sex1

1 Benefits awarded before the December increase are converted to the December rates before computation of the percentages.

Total

Without reduction

for early retirement

With reduction

for early retirement

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent

Total ................................................................... 1,968,100 100.0 715,200 100.0 1,252,900 100.0

Less than $450.00 ...................................................... 264,100 13.4 65,400 9.1 198,700 15.9

$450.00–$499.90........................................................ 92,400 4.7 19,400 2.7 73,000 5.8

$500.00–$549.90........................................................ 106,300 5.4 21,600 3.0 84,700 6.8

$550.00–$599.90........................................................ 101,500 5.2 22,200 3.1 79,300 6.3

$600.00–$649.90........................................................ 89,300 4.5 26,800 3.7 62,500 5.0

$650.00–$699.90........................................................ 82,800 4.2 27,100 3.8 55,700 4.4

$700.00–$749.90........................................................ 79,300 4.0 26,800 3.7 52,500 4.2

$750.00–$799.90........................................................ 71,600 3.6 24,200 3.4 47,400 3.8

$800.00–$849.90........................................................ 70,400 3.6 24,100 3.4 46,300 3.7

$850.00–$899.90........................................................ 71,600 3.6 25,600 3.6 46,000 3.7

$900.00–$949.90........................................................ 66,400 3.4 22,900 3.2 43,500 3.5

$950.00–$999.90........................................................ 70,800 3.6 25,600 3.6 45,200 3.6

$1,000.00–$1,049.90.................................................. 71,500 3.6 24,800 3.5 46,700 3.7

$1,050.00–$1,099.90.................................................. 74,700 3.8 25,700 3.6 49,000 3.9

$1,100.00–$1,149.90.................................................. 101,500 5.2 26,000 3.6 75,500 6.0

$1,150.00–$1,199.90.................................................. 97,200 4.9 25,600 3.6 71,600 5.7

$1,200.00–$1,249.90.................................................. 94,800 4.8 24,500 3.4 70,300 5.6

$1,250.00–$1,299.90.................................................. 98,000 5.0 40,100 5.6 57,900 4.6

$1,300.00–$1,349.90.................................................. 54,600 2.8 33,000 4.6 21,600 1.7

$1,350.00–$1,399.90.................................................. 49,700 2.5 34,400 4.8 15,300 1.2

$1,400.00 or more....................................................... 159,600 8.1 149,400 20.9 10,200 .8

Average benefit, total................................................ $873.30 $1,014.30 $792.80

Men ....................................................................... 1,114,600 100.0 454,100 100.0 660,500 100.0

Less than $450.00 ...................................................... 95,800 8.6 29,000 6.4 66,800 10.1

$450.00–$499.90........................................................ 23,100 2.1 7,700 1.7 15,400 2.3

$500.00–$549.90........................................................ 20,900 1.9 6,700 1.5 14,200 2.1

$550.00–$599.90........................................................ 25,000 2.2 8,600 1.9 16,400 2.5

$600.00–$649.90........................................................ 25,800 2.3 9,300 2.0 16,500 2.5

$650.00–$699.90........................................................ 28,900 2.6 8,700 1.9 20,200 3.1

$700.00–$749.90........................................................ 29,800 2.7 10,200 2.2 19,600 3.0

$750.00–$799.90........................................................ 31,800 2.9 10,100 2.2 21,700 3.3

$800.00–$849.90........................................................ 34,700 3.1 10,800 2.4 23,900 3.6

$850.00–$899.90........................................................ 38,700 3.5 11,900 2.6 26,800 4.1

$900.00–$949.90........................................................ 39,200 3.5 11,900 2.6 27,300 4.1

$950.00–$999.90........................................................ 43,700 3.9 13,300 2.9 30,400 4.6

$1,000.00–$1,049.90.................................................. 49,300 4.4 15,600 3.4 33,700 5.1

$1,050.00–$1,099.90.................................................. 53,500 4.8 16,300 3.6 37,200 5.6

$1,100.00–$1,149.90.................................................. 81,400 7.3 19,200 4.2 62,200 9.4

$1,150.00–$1,199.90.................................................. 82,300 7.4 18,300 4.0 64,000 9.7

$1,200.00–$1,249.90.................................................. 83,600 7.5 18,200 4.0 65,400 9.9

$1,250.00–$1,299.90.................................................. 88,600 7.9 34,400 7.6 54,200 8.2

$1,300.00–$1,349.90.................................................. 47,500 4.3 27,100 6.0 20,400 3.1

$1,350.00–$1,399.90.................................................. 43,400 3.9 29,000 6.4 14,400 2.2

$1,400.00 or more....................................................... 147,600 13.2 137,800 30.3 9,800 1.5

Average benefit, men................................................ $1,026.80 $1,141.80 $947.70

Women.................................................................. 853,500 100.0 261,100 100.0 592,400 100.0

Less than $450.00 ...................................................... 168,300 19.7 36,400 13.9 131,900 22.3

$450.00–$499.90........................................................ 69,300 8.1 11,700 4.5 57,600 9.7

$500.00–$549.90........................................................ 85,400 10.0 14,900 5.7 70,500 11.9

$550.00–$599.90........................................................ 76,500 9.0 13,600 5.2 62,900 10.6

$600.00–$649.90........................................................ 63,500 7.4 17,500 6.7 46,000 7.8

$650.00–$699.90........................................................ 53,900 6.3 18,400 7.0 35,500 6.0

$700.00–$749.90........................................................ 49,500 5.8 16,600 6.4 32,900 5.6

$750.00–$799.90........................................................ 39,800 4.7 14,100 5.4 25,700 4.3

$800.00–$849.90........................................................ 35,700 4.2 13,300 5.1 22,400 3.8

$850.00–$899.90........................................................ 32,900 3.9 13,700 5.2 19,200 3.2

$900.00–$949.90........................................................ 27,200 3.2 11,000 4.2 16,200 2.7

$950.00–$999.90........................................................ 27,100 3.2 12,300 4.7 14,800 2.5

$1,000.00–$1,049.90.................................................. 22,200 2.6 9,200 3.5 13,000 2.2

$1,050.00–$1,099.90.................................................. 21,200 2.5 9,400 3.6 11,800 2.0

$1,100.00–$1,149.90.................................................. 20,100 2.4 6,800 2.6 13,300 2.2

$1,150.00–$1,199.90.................................................. 14,900 1.7 7,300 2.8 7,600 1.3

$1,200.00–$1,249.90.................................................. 11,200 1.3 6,300 2.4 4,900 .8

$1,250.00–$1,299.90.................................................. 9,400 1.1 5,700 2.2 3,700 .6

$1,300.00–$1,349.90.................................................. 7,100 .8 5,900 2.3 1,200 .2

$1,350.00–$1,399.90.................................................. 6,300 .7 5,400 2.1 900 .2

$1,400.00 or more....................................................... 12,000 1.4 11,600 4.4 400 .1

Average benefit, women........................................... $672.90 $792.60 $620.20
6.B OASDI Benefits Awarded: Retired Workers

CONTACT: Diane Wallace/Barbara Lingg (410) 965-0165/0156 for further information.

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 257

Table 6.B4.—Number and percentage distribution with and without reduction for early retirement, by primary insurance 

amount and sex, 2000

[Based on 1-percent sample. Benefits not necessarily payable at time of award]

Primary insurance

amount and sex1

1 Primary insurance amounts awarded before the December increase are converted to the December rates before computation of the percentages.

Total

Without reduction

for early retirement

With reduction

for early retirement

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent

Total .............................................................................. 1,968,100 100.0 715,200 100.0 1,252,900 100.0

Less than $450.00 ................................................................. 244,500 12.4 72,000 10.1 172,500 13.8

$450.00–$499.90................................................................... 66,100 3.4 23,800 3.3 42,300 3.4

$500.00–$549.90................................................................... 84,100 4.3 25,200 3.5 58,900 4.7

$550.00–$599.90................................................................... 79,500 4.0 23,800 3.3 55,700 4.4

$600.00–$649.90................................................................... 79,500 4.0 26,800 3.7 52,700 4.2

$650.00–$699.90................................................................... 77,700 3.9 27,400 3.8 50,300 4.0

$700.00–$749.90................................................................... 76,400 3.9 23,800 3.3 52,600 4.2

$750.00–$799.90................................................................... 66,000 3.4 24,600 3.4 41,400 3.3

$800.00–$849.90................................................................... 69,300 3.5 24,200 3.4 45,100 3.6

$850.00–$899.90................................................................... 71,300 3.6 25,600 3.6 45,700 3.6

$900.00–$949.90................................................................... 61,800 3.1 22,600 3.2 39,200 3.1

$950.00–$999.90................................................................... 64,500 3.3 24,700 3.5 39,800 3.2

$1,000.00–$1,049.90............................................................. 59,900 3.0 24,700 3.5 35,200 2.8

$1,050.00–$1,099.90............................................................. 63,000 3.2 25,000 3.5 38,000 3.0

$1,100.00–$1,149.90............................................................. 65,900 3.3 25,900 3.6 40,000 3.2

$1,150.00–$1,199.90............................................................. 63,100 3.2 25,200 3.5 37,900 3.0

$1,200.00–$1,249.90............................................................. 63,800 3.2 25,400 3.6 38,400 3.1

$1,250.00–$1,299.90............................................................. 92,200 4.7 45,500 6.4 46,700 3.7

$1,300.00–$1,349.90............................................................. 84,500 4.3 38,800 5.4 45,700 3.6

$1,350.00–$1,399.90............................................................. 92,900 4.7 38,100 5.3 54,800 4.4

$1,400.00 or more.................................................................. 342,100 17.4 122,100 17.1 220,000 17.6

Average primary insurance amount, total ......................... $944.90 $977.60 $926.30 

Men .................................................................................. 1,114,600 100.0 454,100 100.0 660,500 100.0

Less than $450.00 ................................................................. 77,000 6.9 29,000 6.4 48,000 7.3

$450.00–$499.90................................................................... 18,000 1.6 9,100 2.0 8,900 1.3

$500.00–$549.90................................................................... 21,000 1.9 7,300 1.6 13,700 2.1

$550.00–$599.90................................................................... 19,700 1.8 9,100 2.0 10,600 1.6

$600.00–$649.90................................................................... 21,500 1.9 9,400 2.1 12,100 1.8

$650.00–$699.90................................................................... 21,700 1.9 8,600 1.9 13,100 2.0

$700.00–$749.90................................................................... 26,900 2.4 10,200 2.2 16,700 2.5

$750.00–$799.90................................................................... 21,700 1.9 10,000 2.2 11,700 1.8

$800.00–$849.90................................................................... 26,400 2.4 10,900 2.4 15,500 2.3

$850.00–$899.90................................................................... 32,400 2.9 12,500 2.8 19,900 3.0

$900.00–$949.90................................................................... 31,300 2.8 12,100 2.7 19,200 2.9

$950.00–$999.90................................................................... 35,600 3.2 13,900 3.1 21,700 3.3

$1.000.00–$1,049.90............................................................. 37,000 3.3 16,000 3.5 21,000 3.2

$1,050.00–$1,099.90............................................................. 40,700 3.7 17,300 3.8 23,400 3.5

$1,100.00–$1,149.90............................................................. 47,300 4.2 19,700 4.3 27,600 4.2

$1,150.00–$1,199.90............................................................. 44,700 4.0 18,300 4.0 26,400 4.0

$1,200.00–$1,249.90............................................................. 46,200 4.1 19,000 4.2 27,200 4.1

$1,250.00–$1,299.90............................................................. 75,200 6.7 38,200 8.4 37,000 5.6

$1,300.00–$1,349.90............................................................. 70,800 6.4 33,100 7.3 37,700 5.7

$1,350.00–$1,399.90............................................................. 79,200 7.1 33,400 7.4 45,800 6.9

$1,400.00 or more.................................................................. 320,300 28.7 117,000 25.8 203,300 30.8

Average primary insurance amount, men ......................... $1,119.90 $1,108.90 $1,127.50

Women............................................................................. 853,500 100.0 261,100 100.0 592,400 100.0

Less than $450.00 ................................................................. 167,500 19.6 43,000 16.5 124,500 21.0

$450.00–$499.90................................................................... 48,100 5.6 14,700 5.6 33,400 5.6

$500.00–$549.90................................................................... 63,100 7.4 17,900 6.9 45,200 7.6

$550.00–$599.90................................................................... 59,800 7.0 14,700 5.6 45,100 7.6

$600.00–$649.90................................................................... 58,000 6.8 17,400 6.7 40,600 6.9

$650.00–$699.90................................................................... 56,000 6.6 18,800 7.2 37,200 6.3

$700.00–$749.90................................................................... 49,500 5.8 13,600 5.2 35,900 6.1

$750.00–$799.90................................................................... 44,300 5.2 14,600 5.6 29,700 5.0

$800.00–$849.90................................................................... 42,900 5.0 13,300 5.1 29,600 5.0

$850.00–$899.90................................................................... 38,900 4.6 13,100 5.0 25,800 4.4

$900.00–$949.90................................................................... 30,500 3.6 10,500 4.0 20,000 3.4

$950.00–$999.90................................................................... 28,900 3.4 10,800 4.1 18,100 3.1

$1,000.00–$1,049.90............................................................. 22,900 2.7 8,700 3.3 14,200 2.4

$1,050.00–$1,099.90............................................................. 22,300 2.6 7,700 2.9 14,600 2.5

$1,100.00–$1,149.90............................................................. 18,600 2.2 6,200 2.4 12,400 2.1

$1,150.00–$1,199.90............................................................. 18,400 2.2 6,900 2.6 11,500 1.9

$1,200.00–$1,249.90............................................................. 17,600 2.1 6,400 2.5 11,200 1.9

$1,250.00–$1,299.90............................................................. 17,000 2.0 7,300 2.8 9,700 1.6

$1,300.00–$1,349.90............................................................. 13,700 1.6 5,700 2.2 8,000 1.4

$1,350.00–$1,399.90............................................................. 13,700 1.6 4,700 1.8 9,000 1.5

$1,400.00 or more.................................................................. 21,800 2.6 5,100 2.0 16,700 2.8

Average primary insurance amount, women .................... $716.40 $749.20 $701.90 
6.B OASDI Benefits Awarded: Retired Workers

CONTACT: Diane Wallace/Barbara Lingg (410) 965-0165/0156 for further information.

258 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Table 6.B5.—Number, average age, and percentage distribution, by age and sex, 1940–2000

Year

Total

 number

(in thousands)

Average

 age

Percentage distribution, by age 1 

 1 Age in year of award for 1940–1984. Age in month of award for 1985–2000.

Total 62–64 62 63 64 65–69 70–74 75–79

80 or

 older

Men

1940.............................. 99 68.8 100.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . 74.4 17.4 6.4 1.8

1945.............................. 166 69.6 100.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . 59.2 28.1 10.4 2.3

1950.............................. 444 68.7 100.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . 69.2 21.0 7.4 2.3

1955.............................. 629 68.4 100.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . 67.5 24.7 6.8 1.1

1960.............................. 630 66.8 100.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . 84.7 13.2 1.3 .7

1965.............................. 743 65.8 100.0 30.2 14.7 9.6 5.9 57.5 8.3 1.8 2.2

1970.............................. 814 64.4 100.0 39.4 18.4 12.6 8.4 58.8 1.4 .3 .1

1975.............................. 902 64.0 100.0 48.9 25.8 14.1 9.0 50.2 .7 .2 (2)

1980.............................. 942 63.9 100.0 51.7 30.1 13.1 8.5 47.6 .6 .1 (2)

1981.............................. 926 63.8 100.0 54.5 30.8 14.8 8.9 44.9 .5 .1 (2)

1982.............................. 942 63.7 100.0 56.5 34.4 14.4 7.7 42.9 .5 .1 (2)

1983.............................. 976 63.7 100.0 57.4 35.8 14.7 6.9 41.8 .7 .1 (2)

1984.............................. 934 63.7 100.0 58.8 36.4 15.2 7.2 40.5 .6 .1 (2)

1985 3............................ 986 63.7 100.0 65.7 45.5 8.2 12.0 33.6 .5 .1 (2)

1986 3............................ 1,011 63.7 100.0 67.0 47.0 8.2 11.8 32.3 .6 .1 (2)

1987 3............................ 970 63.6 100.0 67.1 47.6 8.1 11.4 32.3 .6 .1 (2)

1988 3............................ 944 63.7 100.0 66.2 48.2 8.1 9.9 32.7 .9 .1 .1

1989 3............................ 983 63.7 100.0 64.4 48.0 7.1 9.3 34.7 .7 .1 (2)

1990 3............................ 964 63.7 100.0 66.1 47.2 7.6 11.3 32.7 1.0 .2 (2)

1991 3............................ 996 63.7 100.0 65.8 46.8 8.1 10.9 33.0 .9 .1 .1

1992 3............................ 989 63.7 100.0 66.9 48.2 7.3 11.4 32.2 .8 .1 (2)

1993 3............................ 980 63.7 100.0 67.8 48.8 8.0 11.0 31.1 .9 .1 (2)

1994 3............................ 923 63.6 100.0 67.8 49.0 7.4 11.4 31.2 1.0 .1 (2)

1995 3............................ 916 63.7 100.0 67.1 49.3 7.3 10.5 31.5 1.1 .2 .1

1996 3............................ 895 63.6 100.0 66.7 49.9 7.1 9.7 32.1 1.1 .1 (2)

1997 3,4 ......................... 904 63.7 100.0 66.8 50.5 6.6 9.7 31.6 1.3 .2 .1

1998 3,4 ......................... 909 63.8 100.0 66.6 49.6 7.1 9.9 31.9 1.3 .1 .1

1999 3,4.......................... 940 63.7 100.0 66.4 49.3 7.3 9.8 32.1 1.3 .1 .1

2000 3,4 ......................... 1,115 64.1 100.0 57.1 41.6 6.1 9.4 41.5 1.1 .2 (2)

Women

1940.............................. 13 68.1 100.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . 82.6 12.8 3.9 .6

1945.............................. 20 73.3 100.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . 69.1 23.6 6.2 1.2

1950.............................. 123 68.0 100.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . 75.9 19.6 3.7 .8

1955.............................. 281 67.8 100.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . 75.4 18.1 5.5 1.1

1960.............................. 351 65.2 100.0 48.5 27.1 13.3 8.1 40.6 8.2 1.9 .8

1965.............................. 440 66.2 100.0 48.4 30.9 11.6 5.9 37.6 7.4 3.5 3.1

1970.............................. 524 63.9 100.0 56.0 34.7 14.1 7.2 41.4 1.9 .5 .2

1975.............................. 603 63.7 100.0 62.3 41.6 13.7 7.0 36.1 1.2 .3 .1

1980.............................. 671 63.5 100.0 63.9 45.9 11.5 6.5 34.9 .9 .2 .1

1981.............................. 653 63.6 100.0 64.1 43.8 13.2 7.1 34.8 .8 .2 .1

1982.............................. 676 63.4 100.0 66.9 46.6 14.5 5.9 32.1 .8 .1 .1

1983.............................. 694 63.4 100.0 67.2 47.6 14.2 5.4 31.5 1.0 .2 .1

1984.............................. 674 63.4 100.0 68.4 47.6 14.9 5.9 30.3 1.0 .2 .1

1985 2 ...........................

 2 Less than 0.05 percent.

 3 Based on 1-percent sample.

 4 Includes conversions from nondisabled widow(er)’s benefits to higher retired-worker benefits.

697 63.4 100.0 75.2 57.9 7.4 9.9 23.7 .8 .1 .1

1986 3............................ 713 63.4 100.0 74.9 57.5 7.0 10.4 24.1 .9 .1 (2)

1987 3............................ 681 63.3 100.0 75.7 58.9 7.2 9.6 23.4 .7 .2 (2)

1988 3............................ 667 63.3 100.0 74.2 59.4 6.9 7.9 24.8 .7 .1 .1

1989 3............................ 674 63.4 100.0 73.8 57.9 6.5 9.4 24.9 1.0 .2 .1

1990 3............................ 679 63.5 100.0 72.9 55.9 7.2 9.8 25.6 1.0 .3 .2

1991 3............................ 685 63.5 100.0 72.7 56.1 7.1 9.5 26.1 .9 .2 .1

1992 3............................ 708 63.5 100.0 73.4 56.7 6.9 9.8 25.3 1.1 .2 .1

1993 3............................ 704 63.5 100.0 73.0 56.0 6.8 10.2 25.5 1.1 .2 .1

1994 3............................ 690 63.4 100.0 74.5 57.6 6.7 10.2 24.3 1.0 .2 .1

1995 3............................ 684 63.5 100.0 72.1 55.4 6.6 10.1 26.1 1.4 .2 .2

1996 3............................ 684 63.4 100.0 72.7 57.4 5.9 9.4 26.0 1.0 .2 .1

1997 3,4 ......................... 809 65.4 100.0 61.2 48.2 5.5 7.5 23.9 6.4 4.4 4.1

1998 3,4 ......................... 733 64.0 100.0 69.0 53.1 7.0 8.9 26.1 2.4 1.1 1.3

1999 3,4 ......................... 737 63.6 100.0 71.1 55.1 6.8 9.2 26.4 1.8 .4 .3

2000 3,4 ......................... 854 63.8 100.0 67.4 52.2 5.9 9.3 30.1 2.2 .2 .2
6.C OASDI Benefits Awarded: Disabled Workers

CONTACT: Joseph Bondar/Diane Wallace (410) 965-0162/0165 for further information.

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 259

Table 6.C1.—Number and percentage distribution, by monthly benefit and sex, 2000

[Based on 1-percent sample]

Monthly benefit1

1 Benefits awarded before the December increase are converted to the December rates before computation of the percentages.

Total Men Women

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent

Total ........................................................................ 612,200 100.0 329,800 100.0 282,400 100.0

Less than $100.00 ............................................................. 5,800 .9 2,500 .8 3,300 1.2

$100.00–$149.90............................................................... 3,400 .6 1,200 .4 2,200 .8

$150.00–$199.90............................................................... 6,800 1.1 2,900 .9 3,900 1.4

$200.00–$249.90............................................................... 9,300 1.5 3,100 .9 6,200 2.2

$250.00–$299.90............................................................... 11,300 1.8 3,800 1.2 7,500 2.7

$300.00–$349.90............................................................... 13,800 2.3 4,800 1.5 9,000 3.2

$350.00–$399.90............................................................... 14,800 2.4 5,000 1.5 9,800 3.5

$400.00–$449.90............................................................... 17,300 2.8 4,900 1.5 12,400 4.4

$450.00–$499.90............................................................... 28,900 4.7 10,100 3.1 18,800 6.7

$500.00–$549.90............................................................... 37,000 6.0 14,000 4.2 23,000 8.1

$550.00–$599.90............................................................... 38,600 6.3 15,300 4.6 23,300 8.3

$600.00–$649.90............................................................... 33,300 5.4 13,300 4.0 20,000 7.1

$650.00–$699.90............................................................... 32,800 5.4 14,100 4.3 18,700 6.6

$700.00–$749.90............................................................... 32,400 5.3 15,200 4.6 17,200 6.1

$750.00–$799.90............................................................... 28,700 4.7 13,100 4.0 15,600 5.5

$800.00–$849.90............................................................... 29,400 4.8 15,700 4.8 13,700 4.9

$850.00–$899.90............................................................... 25,000 4.1 13,800 4.2 11,200 4.0

$900.00–$949.90............................................................... 25,600 4.2 16,300 4.9 9,300 3.3

$950.00–$999.90............................................................... 23,100 3.8 13,700 4.2 9,400 3.3

$1,000.00–$1,049.90......................................................... 18,700 3.1 11,400 3.5 7,300 2.6

$1,050.00–$1,099.90......................................................... 19,800 3.2 13,400 4.1 6,400 2.3

$1,100.00–$1,149.90......................................................... 17,900 2.9 12,200 3.7 5,700 2.0

$1,150.00–$1,199.90......................................................... 15,400 2.5 10,500 3.2 4,900 1.7

$1,200.00–$1,249.90......................................................... 16,100 2.6 13,200 4.0 2,900 1.0

$1,250.00–$1,299.90......................................................... 15,500 2.5 11,200 3.4 4,300 1.5

$1,300.00–$1,349.00......................................................... 18,100 3.0 13,200 4.0 4,900 1.7

$1,350.00–$1,399.90......................................................... 20,200 3.3 16,000 4.9 4,200 1.5

$1,400.00 or more.............................................................. 53,200 8.7 45,900 13.9 7,300 2.6

Average benefit ................................................................ $833.80 $947.50 $701.00
6.C OASDI Benefits Awarded: Disabled Workers

CONTACT: Joseph Bondar/Diane Wallace (410) 965-0162/0165 for further information.

260 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Table 6.C2.—Number, average age, and percentage distribution, by age and sex, 1957–2000

Year

Total

number

Average

age

Percentage distribution, by age 1 

 1 Age in year of award for 1957–1984. Age in month of award for 1985–2000.

Total Under 30 30–39 40–44 45–49 50–54 55–59 60–61 62–64 65 2

 2 Includes awards processed after attainment of age 65.

Men

1957 ................................. 148,376 59.2 100.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . 17.1 28.0 17.0 33.8 4.1

1958 ................................. 107,003 59.0 100.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . 19.7 27.5 15.2 28.9 8.7

1959 ................................. 146,547 58.9 100.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . 21.1 27.4 14.8 28.8 7.8

1960 ................................. 168,466 54.5 100.0 .8 7.0 6.5 10.5 16.7 20.0 11.8 21.3 5.4

1965 ................................. 186,808 53.0 100.0 1.8 8.2 7.9 11.1 17.1 25.7 14.0 13.0 1.0

1970 ................................. 258,072 52.1 100.0 6.7 7.6 6.5 10.1 14.7 23.5 12.3 16.1 2.6

1975 ................................. 408,531 51.5 100.0 7.7 8.6 6.2 9.5 15.7 23.1 12.1 14.6 2.5

1980 ................................. 275,185 51.2 100.0 8.3 9.7 6.0 8.4 14.7 24.6 12.3 14.2 1.8

1981 ................................. 244,984 50.8 100.0 8.6 10.2 6.2 8.4 14.5 24.3 13.0 13.1 1.7

1982 ................................. 207,453 50.9 100.0 8.4 10.4 6.3 8.4 14.1 24.6 12.9 13.6 1.2

1983 ................................. 217,422 50.2 100.0 9.5 11.7 6.6 8.4 13.6 23.4 12.2 13.3 1.3

1984 ................................. 247,833 50.0 100.0 9.2 12.8 7.1 8.7 13.4 22.6 12.2 12.7 1.3

1985 3 ..............................

 3 Based on 1-percent sample.

274,400 50.1 100.0 8.7 13.3 7.0 9.9 14.6 23.1 12.4 10.6 .3

1986 3............................... 273,700 48.7 100.0 10.7 15.3 8.1 9.4 14.3 21.3 11.1 9.5 .3

1987 3............................... 265,900 49.0 100.0 9.4 16.0 8.6 9.3 13.9 20.8 10.9 11.0 .2

1988 3............................... 265,700 49.2 100.0 8.4 16.0 9.7 9.0 14.6 21.3 10.5 10.2 .2

1989 3............................... 268,600 49.0 100.0 8.7 16.0 9.5 10.2 14.2 20.6 9.7 10.8 .3

1990 3............................... 293,300 48.1 100.0 10.9 16.9 9.4 9.5 13.5 20.5 10.3 8.8 .1

1991 3............................... 322,700 47.9 100.0 9.5 17.7 10.6 11.0 14.1 18.4 9.4 9.1 .2

1992 3............................... 395,600 47.8 100.0 9.5 18.5 10.8 11.0 13.0 18.6 9.8 8.7 .2

1993 3............................... 391,800 47.7 100.0 9.2 18.9 10.1 11.7 14.7 18.8 8.6 7.8 .2

1994 3............................... 379,300 48.4 100.0 6.8 18.4 10.8 12.7 15.4 19.3 9.0 7.6 .1

1995 3............................... 368,400 48.9 100.0 7.2 16.3 10.7 11.5 15.7 20.4 8.9 9.1 .2

1996 3............................... 347,100 48.7 100.0 6.9 16.2 10.8 13.2 16.2 19.9 9.3 7.5 .1

1997 3............................... 311,100 49.3 100.0 6.3 14.6 10.8 13.5 16.1 21.6 8.8 8.2 .1

1998 3............................... 331,400 49.2 100.0 6.3 14.3 11.1 12.4 18.3 21.6 8.1 7.8 .2

1999 3 ........................................ 338,900 49.6 100.0 6.2 13.1 11.4 12.4 18.3 21.7 8.8 8.0 .3

2000 3............................... 329,800 49.6 100.0 6.8 12.9 10.7 12.7 17.7 21.0 9.1 8.8 .2

Women

1957 ................................. 30,426 57.4 100.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . 25.5 38.9 19.8 15.3 .5

1958 ................................. 24,379 57.2 100.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . 28.6 37.2 17.8 15.2 1.2

1959 ................................. 31,264 57.0 100.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . 30.2 36.9 17.6 14.2 1.1

1960 ................................. 39,339 52.5 100.0 .7 8.1 8.0 13.3 21.9 24.6 12.4 10.1 .8

1965 ................................. 66,691 53.2 100.0 1.1 6.5 7.4 11.7 19.3 28.3 14.1 10.9 .6

1970 ................................. 92,312 52.8 100.0 4.2 6.3 6.1 11.0 17.5 27.2 13.0 12.9 1.7

1975 ................................. 183,518 52.1 100.0 6.1 7.3 6.1 10.1 17.7 25.5 12.2 12.9 2.1

1980 ................................. 121,374 51.1 100.0 7.4 9.7 6.4 9.3 16.3 25.5 11.7 12.2 1.5

1981 ................................. 106,863 50.8 100.0 7.8 10.2 6.5 9.5 16.4 25.1 12.0 11.1 1.4

1982 ................................. 89,678 50.5 100.0 8.0 10.9 6.8 9.5 15.6 24.9 11.7 11.4 1.1

1983 ................................. 94,127 49.8 100.0 9.0 12.2 7.4 9.5 14.8 23.5 10.9 11.6 1.1

1984 ................................. 114,165 49.7 100.0 8.3 13.2 7.9 9.7 14.9 22.8 10.9 11.7 1.2

1985 3............................... 134,500 49.7 100.0 8.6 12.9 8.0 10.6 15.8 23.3 10.1 10.5 .1

1986 3 .............................. 135,700 48.8 100.0 9.0 15.5 10.4 10.5 14.8 21.3 9.6 8.6 .2

1987 3 .............................. 143,700 49.5 100.0 7.5 15.2 8.1 11.2 15.8 23.4 9.6 8.8 .3

1988 3............................... 147,000 49.3 100.0 8.5 14.0 8.8 10.9 16.1 23.5 10.5 7.4 .3

1989 3............................... 146,900 49.1 100.0 7.8 14.8 10.4 11.9 13.8 21.2 10.8 8.9 .3

1990 3............................... 168,500 48.4 100.0 8.5 16.3 9.8 13.1 14.2 22.3 8.9 6.5 .4

1991 3 .............................. 190,400 48.4 100.0 8.5 16.8 10.1 12.2 16.2 19.5 8.9 7.4 .4

1992 3............................... 241,300 47.7 100.0 8.6 17.7 12.0 12.4 15.6 17.6 8.4 7.5 .2

1993 3............................... 237,900 48.1 100.0 7.5 17.5 11.2 13.1 16.5 19.7 6.8 7.4 .2

1994 3............................... 234,000 48.2 100.0 7.4 16.9 11.1 12.9 17.0 20.8 7.3 6.4 .2

1995 3............................... 263,200 48.5 100.0 6.4 16.7 11.4 13.8 17.2 20.5 7.6 6.3 .1

1996 3............................... 256,900 49.1 100.0 5.3 15.1 11.3 14.0 19.0 21.2 8.3 5.8 .1

1997 3............................... 250,200 48.4 100.0 6.2 16.3 12.2 14.1 19.0 19.0 6.8 6.2 .2

1998 3............................... 271,900 48.9 100.0 5.4 14.9 12.2 14.5 19.1 20.4 7.6 5.7 .2

1999 3............................... 266,900 48.7 100.0 5.7 14.6 12.5 15.3 18.2 20.6 6.6 6.2 .3

2000 3............................... 282,400 49.2 100.0 5.8 13.7 12.3 13.5 18.7 21.6 8.1 6.1 .2
6.C OASDI Benefits Awarded: Disabled Workers

CONTACT: Terry Dodson (410) 965-0143 for further information.

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 261

Table 6.C3.—Number and percentage distribution, by diagnostic group, age, and sex, 20001,2

1 Effective 1995, impairment data for disabled-worker awards are no longer based solely on cases medically allowed at the initial level. 2 Classification based on impairment codes established by SSA.

Diagnostic group

Total Men Women

Total

Under

35 35–49

50 or

older Total

Under

35 35–49

50 or

older Total

Under

35 35–49

50 or

older

Number

Total .............................................................. 621,316 60,121 193,066 368,129 338,784 32,720 100,642 205,422 282,532 27,401 92,424 162,707

Diagnosis available .......................................... 620,017 60,068 192,886 367,063 338,054 32,687 100,554 204,813 281,963 27,381 92,332 162,250

Infectious and parasitic diseases 3.........................

3 AIDS/HIV records are counted in the Infectious and Parasitic Diseases group. Before 1990, they were included in the Other group.

 11,273 1,928 6,126 3,219 8,368 1,428 4,811 2,129 2,905 500 1,315 1,090

Neoplasms............................................................. 67,791 3,627 18,520 45,644 35,351 1,885 8,604 24,862 32,440 1,742 9,916 20,782

Endocrine, nutritional, and metabolic diseases...... 18,617 1,271 5,122 12,224 9,692 566 2,577 6,549 8,925 705 2,545 5,675

Diseases of blood and blood-forming organs ........ 2,029 454 642 933 1,006 226 285 495 1,023 228 357 438

Mental disorders (other than mental retardation)... 128,796 24,771 55,317 48,708 61,643 13,022 24,932 23,689 67,153 11,749 30,385 25,019

Mental retardation.................................................. 17,005 4,132 4,694 8,179 10,692 2,590 3,152 4,950 6,313 1,542 1,542 3,229

Diseases of the––

Nervous system and sense organs.................... 51,758 6,644 17,273 27,841 26,286 3,272 8,108 14,906 25,472 3,372 9,165 12,935

Circulatory system.............................................. 75,752 1,818 13,681 60,253 52,233 1,069 8,860 42,304 23,519 749 4,821 17,949

Respiratory system ............................................ 27,422 627 4,456 22,339 14,619 233 2,021 12,365 12,803 394 2,435 9,974

Digestive system ................................................ 14,122 977 6,332 6,813 8,641 441 3,996 4,204 5,481 536 2,336 2,609

Genitourinary system ......................................... 14,441 2,049 5,199 7,193 8,767 1,196 3,127 4,444 5,674 853 2,072 2,749

Skin and subcutaneous tissue ........................... 1,343 190 523 630 524 66 206 252 819 124 317 378

Musculoskeletal system ..................................... 152,931 6,374 42,490 104,067 77,458 3,116 22,102 52,240 75,473 3,258 20,388 51,827

Congenital anomalies ............................................ 790 230 209 351 436 139 107 190 354 91 102 161

Injuries ................................................................... 25,885 4,100 8,947 12,838 17,343 3,020 6,148 8,175 8,542 1,080 2,799 4,663

Other...................................................................... 10,062 876 3,355 5,831 4,995 418 1,518 3,059 5,067 458 1,837 2,772

Percentage distribution

Diagnosis available .......................................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Infectious and parasitic diseases 3 ........................ 1.8 3.2 3.2 .9 2.5 4.4 4.8 1.0 1.0 1.8 1.4 .7

Neoplasms............................................................. 10.9 6.0 9.6 12.4 10.5 5.8 8.6 12.1 11.5 6.4 10.7 12.8

Endocrine, nutritional, and metabolic diseases...... 3.0 2.1 2.7 3.3 2.9 1.7 2.6 3.2 3.2 2.6 2.8 3.5

Diseases of blood and blood-forming organs ........ .3 .8 .3 .3 .3 .7 .3 .2 .4 .8 .4 .3

Mental disorders (other than mental retardation)... 20.8 41.2 28.7 13.3 18.2 39.8 24.8 11.6 23.8 42.9 32.9 15.4

Mental retardation.................................................. 2.7 6.9 2.4 2.2 3.2 7.9 3.1 2.4 2.2 5.6 1.7 2.0

Diseases of the––

Nervous system and sense organs.................... 8.4 11.1 9.0 7.6 7.8 10.0 8.1 7.3 9.0 12.3 9.9 8.0

Circulatory system.............................................. 12.2 3.0 7.1 16.4 15.4 3.3 8.8 20.7 8.3 2.7 5.2 11.1

Respiratory system ............................................ 4.4 1.0 2.3 6.1 4.3 .7 2.0 6.0 4.5 1.4 2.6 6.1

Digestive system ................................................ 2.3 1.6 3.3 1.9 2.6 1.3 4.0 2.1 1.9 2.0 2.5 1.6

Genitourinary system ......................................... 2.3 3.4 2.7 2.0 2.6 3.7 3.1 2.2 2.0 3.1 2.2 1.7

Skin and subcutaneous tissue ........................... .2 .3 .3 .2 .2 .2 .2 .1 .3 .5 .3 .2

Musculoskeletal system ..................................... 24.7 10.6 22.0 28.4 22.9 9.5 22.0 25.5 26.8 11.9 22.1 31.9

Congenital anomalies ............................................ .1 .4 .1 .1 .1 .4 .1 .1 .1 .3 .1 .1

Injuries ................................................................... 4.2 6.8 4.6 3.5 5.1 9.2 6.1 4.0 3.0 3.9 3.0 2.9

Other...................................................................... 1.6 1.5 1.7 1.6 1.5 1.3 1.5 1.5 1.8 1.7 2.0 1.7
6.C OASDI Benefits Awarded: Disabled Workers

CONTACT: Jeff Kunkel (410) 965-3013 for further information.

262 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Table 6.C7.—Number of applications, awards, and ratio of awards to applications and awards per 1,000 insured workers 

for selected years, 1960–2000

[Numbers in thousands]

Year

Number of

applications

Number of

 awards

Awards as a

 percent of applications

Awards per

1,000 insured workers

1960....................................................................................... 418.6 207.8 49.6 4.5

1965....................................................................................... 529.3 253.5 47.9 4.7

1966....................................................................................... 544.5 278.3 51.1 5.1

1967....................................................................................... 573.2 301.4 52.6 5.4

1968....................................................................................... 719.8 323.2 44.9 5.7

1969....................................................................................... 725.2 344.7 47.5 4.9

1970....................................................................................... 869.8 350.4 40.3 4.8

1971....................................................................................... 923.9 415.9 45.0 5.6

1972....................................................................................... 947.5 455.4 48.1 6.0

1973....................................................................................... 1,067.5 491.6 46.1 6.3

1974....................................................................................... 1,330.2 536.0 40.3 6.7

1975....................................................................................... 1,285.3 592.0 46.1 7.1

1976....................................................................................... 1,232.2 551.5 44.8 6.5

1977....................................................................................... 1,235.2 568.9 46.1 6.5

1978....................................................................................... 1,184.7 464.4 39.2 5.2

1979....................................................................................... 1,187.8 416.7 35.1 4.4

1980....................................................................................... 1,262.3 396.6 31.4 4.0

1981....................................................................................... 1,161.2 351.8 30.3 3.4

1982....................................................................................... 1,019.8 297.1 29.1 2.9

1983....................................................................................... 1,019.3 311.5 30.6 3.0

1984....................................................................................... 1,036.7 362.0 34.9 3.4

1985....................................................................................... 1,066.2 377.4 35.4 3.5

1986....................................................................................... 1,118.4 416.9 37.3 3.8

1987....................................................................................... 1,108.9 415.8 37.5 3.7

1988....................................................................................... 1,017.9 409.5 40.2 3.6

1989....................................................................................... 984.9 425.6 43.2 3.7

1990....................................................................................... 1,067.7 468.0 43.8 4.0

1991....................................................................................... 1,208.7 536.4 44.4 4.5

1992....................................................................................... 1,335.1 636.6 47.7 5.2

1993....................................................................................... 1,425.8 635.2 44.6 5.2

1994....................................................................................... 1,443.8 631.9 43.8 5.1

1995....................................................................................... 1,338.1 645.8 48.3 5.1

1996....................................................................................... 1,279.2 624.3 48.8 4.9

1997....................................................................................... 1,180.2 587.4 49.8 4.5

1998....................................................................................... 1,169.3 608.1 52.0 4.6

1999....................................................................................... 1,200.1 620.5 51.7 4.6

2000....................................................................................... 1,330.6 621.7 46.7 4.6
6.D OASDI Benefits Awarded: Dependents & Survivors

CONTACT: Joseph Bondar/Diane Wallace (410) 965-0162/0165 for further information.

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 263

Table 6.D1.—Number of wives and husbands, by type of benefit, 1950–2000

[Benefits not necessarily payable at time of award]

Year Total

Wives entitled solely

 because of age

Wives entitled

because of children

in their care Husbands

Wives and husbands of retired workers

1950.............................................. 162,768 152,310 9,646 812

1955.............................................. 288,915 263,816 21,692 3,407

1960.............................................. 339,987 305,713 32,254 2,020

1965.............................................. 321,015 275,717 44,087 1,211

1970.............................................. 339,447 286,867 51,378 1,202

1975.............................................. 350,558 289,600 60,184 774

1976.............................................. 346,623 287,455 58,440 728

1977.............................................. 390,874 300,651 60,976 29,247

1978.............................................. 346,956 277,330 53,072 16,554

1979.............................................. 358,163 292,010 55,498 10,655

1980.............................................. 360,693 294,892 55,401 10,400

1981.............................................. 338,540 277,641 50,993 9,906

1982.............................................. 349,967 302,739 36,229 10,999

1983.............................................. 356,274 308,922 35,309 12,043

1984.............................................. 342,691 298,855 30,972 12,864

1985.............................................. 356,558 312,849 30,454 13,255

1986.............................................. 358,115 315,427 28,925 13,763

1987.............................................. 333,333 294,499 26,099 12,735

1988.............................................. 316,929 281,760 23,045 12,124

1989.............................................. 310,498 278,655 21,285 10,558

1990.............................................. 308,980 277,238 21,395 10,347

1991.............................................. 307,000 276,236 21,154 9,610

1992.............................................. 304,764 274,670 21,057 9,037

1993.............................................. 290,728 262,240 19,945 8,543

1994.............................................. 275,025 248,430 18,431 8,164

1995.............................................. 258,740 233,731 17,214 7,795

1996.............................................. 244,014 221,059 15,466 7,489

1997.............................................. 268,012 246,229 14,040 7,743

1998.............................................. 263,668 242,390 13,472 7,806

1999.............................................. 275,568 253,559 13,521 8,488

2000.............................................. 341,503 315,148 15,625 10,730

Wives and husbands of disabled workers

1958 1 ...........................................

1 September—November.

12,920 5,035 7,869 16

1959 2 ...........................................

2 Includes December 1958.

54,299 21,301 32,844 154

1960.............................................. 54,187 15,756 38,326 105

1965.............................................. 69,183 13,813 55,230 140

1970.............................................. 96,304 21,227 74,913 164

1975.............................................. 148,741 31,942 116,624 175

1976.............................................. 147,407 36,600 110,626 181

1977.............................................. 151,938 36,990 113,417 1,531

1978.............................................. 130,161 35,335 93,293 1,533

1979.............................................. 113,243 32,863 79,414 966

1980.............................................. 108,500 32,616 74,922 962

1981.............................................. 95,575 30,360 64,333 882

1982.............................................. 77,835 31,540 45,463 832

1983.............................................. 80,079 35,369 43,820 890

1984.............................................. 81,834 34,470 46,433 931

1985.............................................. 83,511 34,101 48,522 888

1986.............................................. 82,435 33,797 47,711 927

1987.............................................. 77,316 31,652 43,881 1,783

1988.............................................. 73,790 29,634 41,627 2,529

1989.............................................. 69,113 27,750 39,212 2,151

1990.............................................. 69,667 27,023 40,458 2,186

1991.............................................. 72,754 26,747 43,543 2,464

1992.............................................. 78,083 27,502 47,841 2,740

1993.............................................. 74,605 26,276 45,602 2,727

1994.............................................. 69,549 24,240 42,824 2,485

1995.............................................. 63,097 22,833 37,972 2,292

1996.............................................. 57,528 21,775 33,638 2,115

1997.............................................. 50,818 23,329 25,779 1,710

1998.............................................. 47,550 22,693 23,190 1,667

1999.............................................. 46,164 22,557 21,949 1,658

2000.............................................. 43,941 22,399 19,801 1,741
6.D OASDI Benefits Awarded: Dependents & Survivors

CONTACT: Joseph Bondar/Diane Wallace (410) 965-0162/0165 for further information.

264 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Table 6.D3.—Number and average monthly benefit for wives and husbands, by age and sex, 2000

[Based on 1-percent sample]

Type of benefit and age

 in month of award

Total wives

Wives of—

Retired workers Disabled workers Husbands

Number

Average

monthly

benefit1

1 Benefits awarded before the December increase are converted to the December rates before computation of the averages.

2 Base figure too small to meet statistical standards for reliability of derived figure.

3 Average benefit not shown for groups with fewer than 500 beneficiaries.

Number

Average

monthly

benefit1 Number

Average

monthly

benefit1 Number

Average

monthly

benefit1

Total ...................................................................... 282,100 $387.70 245,300 $412.30 36,800 $223.50 11,400 $215.80

Entitlement based on care of children ........................ 30,100 252.00 14,600 340.00 15,500 169.10 1,000 122.10

Under 35 ............................................................................ 5,900 142.20 700 312.30 5,200 119.40 (2) . . .

35–39................................................................................. 3,900 159.60 1,000 233.00 2,900 134.30 (2) . . .

40–44................................................................................. 5,300 233.90 2,100 288.90 3,200 197.90 (2) . . .

45–49................................................................................. 5,800 277.10 3,000 341.40 2,800 208.20 (2) . . .

50–54................................................................................. 3,900 366.90 3,200 388.30 700 269.00 (2) . . .

55–59................................................................................. 2,500 305.90 1,900 312.00 600 286.50 (2) . . .

60–61................................................................................. 2,200 417.20 2,100 420.80 100 (3) (2) . . .

62–64................................................................................. 600 270.00 600 270.00 . . . . . . (2) . . .

Entitlement based on age........................................... 252,000 403.90 230,700 416.90 21,300 263.00 10,400 224.80

62–64 188,600 386.20 169,400 401.00 19,200 255.20 2,700 195.10

62 ................................................................................... 132,200 374.60 115,400 391.10 16,800 261.40 (2) . . .

63 ................................................................................... 29,900 414.60 28,200 424.80 1,700 243.80 (2) . . .

64 ................................................................................... 26,500 411.90 25,800 419.50 700 132.90 (2) . . .

65–69................................................................................. 55,100 469.70 53,200 474.00 1,900 347.20 4,700 244.20

65 ................................................................................... 32,200 463.30 31,200 465.90 (2) . . . (2) . . .

66 ................................................................................... 10,300 506.00 9,900 513.60 (2) . . . (2) . . .

67 ................................................................................... 5,200 459.30 5,200 459.30 (2) . . . (2) . . .

68 ................................................................................... 4,300 472.40 3,900 489.50 (2) . . . (2) . . .

69 ................................................................................... 3,100 428.60 3,000 432.80 (2) . . . (2) . . .

70–74................................................................................. 5,300 375.30 5,300 375.30 . . . . . . 2,000 252.10

75 or older.......................................................................... 3,000 361.40 2,800 371.60 200 (3) 1,000 159.60

Wives (nondivorced)................................................... 263,600 388.70 228,800 414.00 34,800 222.20 . . . . . .

Divorced wives ........................................................... 18,500 373.20 16,500 388.70 2,000 244.90 . . . . . .

Husbands of retired workers....................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,700 229.50

Husbands of disabled workers ................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,700 137.50
6.D OASDI Benefits Awarded: Dependents & Survivors

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 265

Table 6.D4.—Number of children, by type of benefit, 1957–2000

Year Total

Children of—

Retired workers Deceased workers Disabled workers

Total

1957.............................................. 313,163 81,842 231,321 . . .

1960.............................................. 415,719 69,979 241,430 104,310

1965.............................................. 783,202 134,187 451,399 197,616

1970.............................................. 1,090,865 182,595 591,724 316,546

1975.............................................. 1,331,913 225,579 591,118 515,216

1976.............................................. 1,327,197 236,805 578,905 511,487

1977.............................................. 1,365,513 259,447 587,589 518,477

1978.............................................. 1,234,658 214,284 566,992 453,382

1979.............................................. 1,191,521 247,800 544,549 399,172

1980.............................................. 1,174,112 248,658 540,246 385,208

1981.............................................. 1,086,547 211,406 535,487 339,654

1982.............................................. 916,715 182,849 473,396 260,470

1983.............................................. 752,839 144,945 380,992 226,895

1984.............................................. 721,564 131,986 351,326 238,252

1985.............................................. 713,632 128,076 332,531 253,025

1986.............................................. 700,627 122,652 319,800 258,167

1987.............................................. 685,299 117,984 310,573 256,742

1988.............................................. 706,031 116,659 324,346 265,026

1989.............................................. 675,362 106,491 307,484 261,387

1990.............................................. 695,307 108,105 303,616 283,586

1991.............................................. 726,908 107,261 301,459 318,188

1992.............................................. 794,571 108,686 304,300 381,585

1993.............................................. 816,454 106,566 311,290 398,598

1994.............................................. 824,239 102,983 310,051 411,205

1995.............................................. 808,578 101,239 306,044 401,295

1996.............................................. 798,485 98,655 302,480 397,350

1997.............................................. 757,346 97,594 297,204 362,548

1998.............................................. 763,170 96,893 294,851 371,426

1999.............................................. 773,166 99,826 295,196 378,144

2000.............................................. 776,676 115,358 297,686 363,632

Children under age 18

1940.............................................. 59,382 8,249 51,133 . . .

1945.............................................. 127,514 7,215 120,299 . . .

1950.............................................. 122,641 25,495 97,146 . . .

1955.............................................. 238,795 40,402 198,393 . . .

1960.............................................. 391,366 57,239 231,611 102,516

1965.............................................. 523,453 84,707 263,637 175,109

1970.............................................. 678,940 99,353 337,960 241,627

1975.............................................. 806,770 115,347 300,139 391,284

1980.............................................. 573,828 111,610 227,139 235,079

1981.............................................. 512,939 84,793 228,317 199,829

1982.............................................. 457,445 81,502 222,738 153,205

1983.............................................. 444,467 80,117 211,396 152,954

1984.............................................. 449,242 74,328 202,163 172,721

1985.............................................. 464,908 74,128 200,576 190,204

1986.............................................. 465,115 70,915 196,008 198,192

1987.............................................. 451,370 66,672 184,668 195,030

1988.............................................. 452,519 63,586 192,278 196,655

1989.............................................. 446,308 59,073 189,285 197,950

1990.............................................. 468,439 60,588 189,792 218,059

1991.............................................. 502,442 60,618 191,537 250,287

1992.............................................. 559,725 61,034 192,689 306,002

1993.............................................. 575,247 59,515 198,469 317,263

1994.............................................. 586,342 57,677 201,598 327,067

1995.............................................. 571,650 57,215 198,848 315,587

1996.............................................. 561,687 56,126 194,333 311,228

1997.............................................. 517,118 54,841 184,237 278,040

1998.............................................. 516,100 54,218 182,118 279,764

1999.............................................. 522,946 57,019 182,159 283,768

2000.............................................. 525,390 68,440 184,762 272,188
6.D OASDI Benefits Awarded: Dependents & Survivors

266 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

1 Data not available.

Disabled children, aged 18 or older

1957.............................................. 29,507 17,249 12,258 . . .

1960.............................................. 24,353 12,740 9,819 1,794

1965.............................................. 21,398 10,017 8,668 2,713

1970.............................................. 24,547 11,348 9,425 3,774

1975.............................................. 32,707 14,636 11,182 6,889

1976.............................................. 34,517 15,602 11,546 7,369

1977.............................................. 36,210 (1) (1) 7,885

1978.............................................. 33,611 15,378 11,013 7,220

1979.............................................. 33,419 15,967 10,999 6,453

1980.............................................. 33,470 16,650 10,626 6,194

1981.............................................. 30,545 15,365 9,745 5,435

1982.............................................. 28,707 14,772 9,685 4,250

1983.............................................. 33,639 17,309 11,223 5,107

1984.............................................. 36,427 18,330 12,556 5,541

1985.............................................. 39,083 19,661 12,709 6,713

1986.............................................. 40,525 20,295 13,244 6,986

1987.............................................. 39,665 20,761 12,117 6,787

1988.............................................. 38,702 20,544 11,512 6,646

1989.............................................. 37,001 19,668 10,975 6,358

1990.............................................. 38,772 20,862 11,277 6,633

1991.............................................. 41,086 21,850 11,684 7,552

1992.............................................. 47,009 23,615 13,846 9,548

1993.............................................. 47,246 23,173 13,819 10,254

1994.............................................. 44,483 22,119 12,590 9,774

1995.............................................. 43,275 21,566 11,930 9,779

1996.............................................. 40,583 20,169 11,061 9,353

1997.............................................. 38,701 19,611 10,616 8,474

1998.............................................. 39,941 19,932 10,914 9,095

1999.............................................. 41,748 20,467 11,430 9,851

2000.............................................. 43,845 22,567 11,621 9,657

Students

1965.............................................. 238,351 39,463 179,094 19,794

1970.............................................. 387,378 71,894 244,339 71,145

1975.............................................. 492,436 95,596 279,797 117,043

1976.............................................. 544,739 108,197 295,058 141,484

1977.............................................. 574,760 (1) (1) 148,227

1978.............................................. 544,396 105,719 291,434 147,243

1979.............................................. 553,889 117,118 292,766 144,005

1980.............................................. 566,814 120,398 302,481 143,935

1981.............................................. 543,063 111,248 297,425 134,390

1982.............................................. 430,563 86,575 240,973 103,015

1983.............................................. 274,726 47,519 158,373 68,834

1984.............................................. 235,895 39,328 136,577 59,990

1985.............................................. 209,641 34,287 119,246 56,108

1986.............................................. 194,987 31,442 110,556 52,989

1987.............................................. 194,264 30,551 108,788 54,925

1988.............................................. 214,810 32,529 120,556 61,725

1989.............................................. 192,053 27,750 107,224 57,079

1990.............................................. 188,096 26,655 102,547 58,894

1991.............................................. 183,380 24,793 98,238 60,349

1992.............................................. 187,837 24,037 97,765 66,035

1993.............................................. 193,961 23,878 99,002 71,081

1994.............................................. 193,414 23,187 95,863 74,364

1995.............................................. 193,653 22,458 95,266 75,929

1996.............................................. 196,215 22,360 97,086 76,769

1997.............................................. 201,527 23,142 102,351 76,034

1998.............................................. 207,129 22,743 101,819 82,567

1999.............................................. 208,472 22,340 101,607 84,525

2000.............................................. 207,441 24,351 101,303 81,787

Table 6.D4.—Number of children, by type of benefit, 1957–2000—Continued

Year Total

Children of—

Retired workers Deceased workers Disabled workers

CONTACT: Joseph Bondar/Diane Wallace (410) 965-0162/0165 for further information.
6.D OASDI Benefits Awarded: Dependents & Survivors

CONTACT: Joseph Bondar/Diane Wallace (410) 965-0162/0165 for further information.

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 267

Table 6.D5.—Number and average monthly benefit for children, by type of benefit and age, 2000

[Based on 1-percent sample]

Type of benefit and age

 in month of award

Total

 number

Children of—

Retired workers Deceased workers Disabled workers

Number

Average

monthly

benefit1

1 Benefits awarded before the December increase are converted to the December rates before computation of the averages.

2 Average benefit not shown for groups with fewer than 500 beneficiaries.

Number

Average

monthly

benefit1 Number

Average

monthly

benefit1

Total ...................................................................... 737,100 111,300 $373.00 281,500 $560.50 344,300 $219.50

Children under age 18.............................................. 509,800 68,600 354.70 177,800 533.10 263,400 192.50

Under 1 ............................................................................ 21,600 1,000 382.60 4,600 501.30 16,000 170.70

1....................................................................................... 13,500 500 395.40 4,700 515.70 8,300 142.90

2....................................................................................... 14,700 1,200 301.30 4,300 413.10 9,200 169.50

3....................................................................................... 17,200 1,200 335.80 7,100 536.40 8,900 179.30

4....................................................................................... 20,000 1,500 307.30 7,400 490.60 11,100 155.70

5....................................................................................... 18,900 1,500 283.20 7,000 529.60 10,400 167.10

6....................................................................................... 23,500 1,900 311.50 9,000 541.90 12,600 200.80

7....................................................................................... 24,400 2,200 378.40 8,800 508.00 13,400 164.10

8....................................................................................... 24,600 2,500 280.00 10,000 495.40 12,100 159.70

9....................................................................................... 30,400 2,900 332.10 12,400 493.50 15,100 160.20

10..................................................................................... 27,500 4,100 315.80 9,600 539.10 13,800 205.50

11 ..................................................................................... 36,200 5,500 362.90 12,800 517.10 17,900 175.60

12..................................................................................... 35,300 5,200 360.70 13,400 515.20 16,700 174.50

13..................................................................................... 33,400 6,300 331.30 11,000 550.60 16,100 193.40

14..................................................................................... 37,600 5,600 351.60 12,600 585.50 19,400 223.60

15..................................................................................... 41,700 6,800 352.70 13,900 576.70 21,000 228.00

16..................................................................................... 45,900 8,500 405.40 14,900 575.60 22,500 241.60

17..................................................................................... 43,400 10,200 387.00 14,300 558.10 18,900 238.50

Disabled children, aged 18 or older.......................... 37,500 21,100 371.40 9,400 540.70 7,000 250.50

Under 20 .......................................................................... 2,400 600 423.30 800 409.90 1,000 135.10

20–24............................................................................... 8,100 2,900 353.10 2,700 578.10 2,500 279.50

25–29............................................................................... 5,900 3,000 294.80 1,600 594.80 1,300 232.70

30–34............................................................................... 6,800 4,400 416.50 1,100 546.30 1,300 240.00

35–39............................................................................... 7,400 5,500 380.50 1,100 537.10 800 335.40

40 or older........................................................................ 6,900 4,700 372.10 2,100 500.30 100 (2)

Students, aged 18–19............................................... 189,800 21,600 432.80 94,300 614.10 73,900 313.10

18..................................................................................... 188,400 21,300 438.40 94,000 614.10 73,100 314.40

19..................................................................................... 1,400 300 (2) 300 (2) 800 192.00
6.D OASDI Benefits Awarded: Dependents & Survivors

CONTACT: Joseph Bondar/Diane Wallace (410) 965-0162/0165 for further information.

268 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Table 6.D6.—Number of mothers and fathers, by type of benefit, 1950–2000

Year Total Mothers Fathers

Widowed

Surviving

divorced

mothers and

Total fathers

With at least

1 child

under age 16 1

 1 Prior to August 1981, benefits were payable to mothers and fathers caring for a child under age 18. For mothers and fathers caring for a child who was at least age 14 and 

who were entitled in August 1981, benefits were continued until the child attained age 18 or September 1983, whichever came earlier.

Entitled solely

because of at least

1 disabled child 2

 2 Excludes mothers and fathers who had both disabled and nondisabled entitled children in their care.

1950.............................................. 41,101 41,101 . . . 41,089 41,089 . . . 12

1951.............................................. 78,323 78,323 . . . 78,181 78,181 . . . 142

1952.............................................. 64,875 64,875 . . . 64,776 64,776 . . . 99

1953.............................................. 71,945 71,945 . . . 71,861 71,861 . . . 84

1954.............................................. 70,775 70,775 . . . 70,699 70,699 . . . 76

1955.............................................. 76,018 76,018 . . . 75,927 75,927 . . . 91

1956.............................................. 67,475 67,475 . . . 67,410 67,410 . . . 65

1957.............................................. 88,174 88,174 . . . 88,102 86,088 2,014 72

1958 3 ...........................................

 3 January—November.

81,467 81,467 . . . 81,392 80,130 1,262 75

1959 4 ...........................................

 4 Includes December 1958.

102,020 102,020 . . . 101,933 100,234 1,699 87

1960.............................................. 92,607 92,607 . . . 92,507 90,939 1,568 100

1961.............................................. 98,449 98,449 . . . 98,374 96,778 1,596 75

1962.............................................. 99,925 99,925 . . . 99,835 98,099 1,736 90

1963.............................................. 104,960 104,960 . . . 104,866 102,828 2,038 94

1964.............................................. 106,249 106,249 . . . 106,137 103,778 2,359 112

1965.............................................. 100,005 100,005 . . . 99,804 97,972 1,832 201

1966.............................................. 107,135 107,135 . . . 106,677 105,270 1,407 458

1967.............................................. 110,762 110,762 . . . 110,283 108,842 1,441 479

1968.............................................. 113,765 113,765 . . . 113,323 111,869 1,454 442

1969.............................................. 116,922 116,922 . . . 116,434 115,035 1,399 488

1970.............................................. 112,377 112,377 . . . 111,887 110,459 1,428 490

1971.............................................. 116,548 116,548 . . . 115,996 114,266 1,730 552

1972.............................................. 117,699 117,699 . . . 117,034 113,822 3,212 665

1973.............................................. 118,775 118,775 . . . 112,511 109,574 2,937 6,264

1974.............................................. 109,221 109,221 . . . 102,584 99,705 2,879 6,637

1975.............................................. 116,224 111,372 4,852 108,002 103,597 4,405 8,222

1976.............................................. 113,520 107,339 6,181 105,158 99,781 5,377 8,362

1977.............................................. 118,821 111,473 7,348 109,050 103,492 5,558 9,771

1978.............................................. 110,015 103,391 6,624 100,247 96,834 3,413 9,768

1979.............................................. 110,424 103,805 6,619 99,413 96,249 3,164 11,011

1980.............................................. 107,809 99,922 7,887 96,005 92,768 3,237 11,804

1981.............................................. 99,653 92,138 7,515 81,079 78,069 3,010 11,059

1982.............................................. 86,786 80,198 6,588 70,019 67,301 2,718 10,179

1983.............................................. 82,464 76,271 6,193 66,711 63,304 3,407 9,560

1984.............................................. 73,794 68,164 5,630 59,256 54,962 4,294 8,908

1985.............................................. 72,241 66,992 5,249 62,881 58,507 4,374 9,360

1986.............................................. 69,340 64,147 5,193 60,200 55,639 4,561 9,140

1987.............................................. 64,777 59,626 5,151 56,329 52,051 4,278 8,448

1988.............................................. 62,676 57,859 4,817 54,833 50,655 4,178 7,843

1989.............................................. 59,525 54,916 4,609 51,992 48,226 3,766 7,533

1990.............................................. 58,060 53,346 4,714 50,879 47,673 3,206 7,181

1991.............................................. 57,896 52,889 5,007 50,787 47,695 3,092 7,109

1992.............................................. 56,402 51,273 5,129 49,341 46,302 3,039 7,061

1993.............................................. 56,408 51,358 5,050 49,465 46,420 3,045 6,943

1994.............................................. 54,732 49,825 4,907 48,217 45,346 2,871 6,515

1995.............................................. 51,645 46,874 4,771 45,368 42,817 2,551 6,277

1996.............................................. 49,150 44,732 4,418 43,538 41,192 2,346 5,612

1997.............................................. 43,504 39,805 3,699 38,565 36,396 2,169 4,939

1998.............................................. 42,395 38,533 3,862 37,739 35,577 2,162 4,656

1999.............................................. 41,756 37,926 3,830 37,271 35,092 2,179 4,485

2000.............................................. 40,491 36,521 3,970 36,197 34,241 1,956 4,294
6.D OASDI Benefits Awarded: Dependents & Survivors

CONTACT: Joseph Bondar/Diane Wallace (410) 965-0162/0165 for further information.

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 269

Table 6.D7.—Number and average monthly benefit for widows and widowers, by age and sex, 2000

[Based on 1-percent sample]

Type of benefit,

age in month of award, and sex

Nondisabled

Disabled widows 

and widowers

Widowed mothers 

Widows Widowers and fathers

Number

Average

monthly

benefit1

1 Benefits awarded before the December increase are converted to the December rates before computation of the averages.

2 Base figure too small to meet statistical standards for reliability of derived figure.

3 Average benefit not shown for groups with fewer than 500 beneficiaries.

Number

Average

monthly

benefit1 Number

Average

monthly

benefit1 Number

Average

monthly

benefit1

Total .................................................................................... 318,200 $866.60 15,600 $530.60 27,700 $516.40 37,300 $588.70

Under 25 .......................................................................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 800 425.50

25–29............................................................................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,500 545.70

30–34............................................................................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,300 498.70

35–39............................................................................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,200 542.40

40–44............................................................................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,900 645.80

45–49............................................................................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,400 632.70

50–54............................................................................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,000 512.30 3,400 681.40

55–59............................................................................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,400 517.70 1,200 575.90

60–64............................................................................................... 134,800 797.30 9,900 564.00 2,100 545.20 600 595.50

60 ................................................................................................. 68,300 771.10 3,800 503.10 1,400 585.30 (2) . . .

61 ................................................................................................. 23,100 788.20 2,700 551.00 300 (3) (2) . . .

62 ................................................................................................. 16,800 812.50 2,300 722.10 200 (3) (2) . . .

63 ................................................................................................. 11,700 804.80 700 481.00 200 (3) (2) . . .

64 ................................................................................................. 14,900 908.50 400 (3) . . . . . . (2) . . .

65–69............................................................................................... 59,300 862.50 1,000 758.40 200 (3) . . . . . .

65 ................................................................................................. 32,800 821.90 (2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

66 ................................................................................................. 6,500 888.20 (2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

67 ................................................................................................. 6,300 940.40 (2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

68 ................................................................................................. 7,600 929.00 (2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

69 ................................................................................................. 6,100 890.20 (2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

70–74............................................................................................... 36,200 902.10 900 416.10 . . . . . . . . . . . .

70 ................................................................................................. 7,200 894.00 (2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

71 ................................................................................................. 7,100 913.40 (2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

72 ................................................................................................. 7,300 917.60 (2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

73 ................................................................................................. 7,200 877.00 (2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

74 ................................................................................................. 7,400 908.00 (2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

75–79............................................................................................... 39,900 904.30 1,200 386.60 . . . . . . . . . . . .

75 ................................................................................................. 8,300 870.80 (2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

76 ................................................................................................. 8,300 929.50 (2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

77 ................................................................................................. 7,700 934.70 (2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

78 ................................................................................................. 8,200 901.10 (2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

79 ................................................................................................. 7,400 885.20 (2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

80 or older........................................................................................ 48,000 1,008.50 2,600 422.10 . . . . . . . . . . . .

Men......................................................................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . 900 389.50 2,800 488.60

Women ................................................................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . 26,800 520.60 34,500 596.80

Widow or mother................................................................. 285,100 870.50 . . . . . . 22,800 519.60 31,600 587.80

Surviving divorced wife or mother....................................... 33,100 833.50 . . . . . . 4,000 526.80 2,900 695.00
6.D OASDI Benefits Awarded: Dependents & Survivors

CONTACT: Joseph Bondar/Diane Wallace (410) 965-0162/0165 for further information.

270 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Table 6.D8.—Number of widows and widowers, by type 

of benefit, 1950–2000

Year Total

Entitled because

of age

Entitled because

of disability

Widows Widowers Widows Widowers

1950........................... 66,735 66,672 63 . . . . . .

1951........................... 89,591 89,324 267 . . . . . .

1952........................... 92,302 91,992 310 . . . . . .

1953........................... 112,866 112,467 399 . . . . . .

1954........................... 128,026 127,626 400 . . . . . .

1955........................... 140,624 140,273 351 . . . . . .

1956........................... 253,524 253,191 333 . . . . . .

1957........................... 244,633 244,172 461 . . . . . .

1958 1 ........................

 1 January–November.

199,320 198,948 372 . . . . . .

1959 2 ........................

 2 Includes December 1958.

252,683 252,100 583 . . . . . .

1960........................... 239,267 238,813 454 . . . . . .

1961........................... 251,275 250,606 669 . . . . . .

1962........................... 267,051 266,465 586 . . . . . .

1963........................... 278,709 278,138 571 . . . . . .

1964........................... 283,263 282,689 574 . . . . . .

1965........................... 359,431 358,875 556 . . . . . .

1966........................... 403,595 403,035 560 . . . . . .

1967........................... 355,589 355,032 557 . . . . . .

1968........................... 375,391 352,280 604 22,438 69

1969........................... 375,753 353,928 625 21,127 73

1970........................... 363,216 347,031 576 15,546 63

1971........................... 381,262 363,689 551 16,960 62

1972........................... 402,809 382,452 544 19,739 74

1973........................... 372,167 351,793 651 19,660 63

1974........................... 363,693 343,317 550 19,793 33

1975........................... 377,246 353,249 476 23,476 45

1976........................... 385,373 362,229 489 22,603 52

1977........................... 416,735 383,057 10,416 22,981 281

1978........................... 403,679 375,750 9,022 18,553 354

1979........................... 445,555 418,883 9,272 17,136 264

1980........................... 452,156 424,690 11,412 15,789 265

1981........................... 480,772 453,307 13,311 13,868 286

1982........................... 492,451 465,070 14,941 12,222 218

1983........................... 501,688 470,764 16,512 14,144 268

1984........................... 499,677 464,979 17,533 16,847 318

1985........................... 501,673 467,197 17,390 16,759 327

1986........................... 491,052 454,903 17,731 18,033 385

1987........................... 475,035 440,803 17,836 16,062 334

1988........................... 457,574 424,107 18,139 14,979 349

1989........................... 449,139 416,154 17,817 14,830 338

1990........................... 451,862 417,925 18,513 15,058 366

1991........................... 468,788 420,190 19,008 28,951 639

1992........................... 472,078 419,413 19,430 32,477 758

1993........................... 466,198 414,941 19,422 31,036 799

1994........................... 459,340 410,323 19,114 29,075 828

1995........................... 444,899 396,725 18,577 28,762 835

1996........................... 438,081 390,962 18,508 27,783 828

1997........................... 440,076 393,014 18,516 27,691 855

1998........................... 443,669 395,231 19,039 28,494 905

1999........................... 469,806 419,205 20,951 28,654 996

2000........................... 505,021 453,334 23,645 26,997 1,045

Table 6.D9.—Number and average amount of lump-sum 

death payment awards, 1940–2000

Year

Number of—

Average lump sum

Deceased workers per worker

Lump-sum

payments

1940 ........................... 61,080 75,095 $145.79

1941 ........................... 90,941 117,303 144.58

1942 ........................... 103,322 134,991 144.77

1943 ........................... 122,185 163,011 145.66

1944 ........................... 151,869 205,117 145.68

1945 ........................... 178,813 247,012 146.05

1946 ........................... 179,588 250,706 151.74

1947 ........................... 181,992 218,787 162.16

1948 ........................... 200,090 213,096 161.50

1949 ........................... 202,154 212,614 164.02

1950 ........................... 200,411 209,960 147.81

1951 ........................... 414,470 431,229 138.24

1952 ........................... 437,896 456,531 178.20

1953 ........................... 511,986 532,846 174.16

1954 ........................... 516,158 536,341 207.86

1955 ........................... 566,830 589,612 202.72

1956 ........................... 546,984 572,291 200.80

1957 ........................... 689,282 718,672 201.63

1958 1 ........................ 656,825 683,964 202.52

1959 2 ........................ 822,413 855,032 212.67

1960 ........................... 778,660 809,194 211.55

1961 ........................... 813,464 843,308 210.46

1962 ........................... 865,217 892,261 212.02

1963 ........................... 968,651 1,015,536 212.61

1964 ........................... 1,011,414 1,073,044 213.94

1965 ........................... 989,848 1,046,874 226.01

1966 ........................... 1,060,335 1,138,317 224.00

1967 ........................... 1,133,787 1,217,980 222.51

1968 ........................... 1,158,666 1,216,910 236.30

1969 ........................... 1,253,467 1,295,897 232.60

1970 ........................... 1,220,248 1,257,687 243.90

1971 ........................... 1,251,831 1,283,924 244.20

1972 ........................... 1,290,133 1,320,637 247.90

1973 ........................... 1,299,223 1,325,833 253.10

1974 ........................... 1,285,221 1,307,890 254.64

1975 ........................... 1,334,914 1,344,095 252.47

1976 ........................... 1,321,516 1,328,008 251.60

1977 ........................... 1,227,390 1,240,304 254.17

1978 ........................... 1,437,275 1,451,140 254.65

1979 ........................... 1,500,944 1,515,614 254.68

1980 ........................... 1,552,617 1,566,330 254.70

1981 ........................... 1,305,261 1,321,565 254.72

1982 ........................... 797,096 808,041 255.00

1983 ........................... 805,524 807,537 255.00

1984 ........................... 825,494 831,761 255.00

1985 ........................... 823,053 825,395 255.00

1986 ........................... 809,487 811,946 255.00

1987 ........................... 810,066 812,814 255.00

1988 ........................... 839,802 842,037 255.00

1989 ........................... 829,682 831,825 255.00

1990 ........................... 830,799 832,900 255.00

1991 ........................... 847,838 850,100 255.00

1992 ........................... 855,073 857,614 255.00

1993 ........................... 860,861 863,492 255.00

1994 ........................... 852,289 855,278 255.00

1995 ........................... 3 835,360 3 838,015 255.00

1996 ........................... 832,304 835,277 255.00

1997 ........................... 825,176 828,072 255.00

1998 ........................... 833,770 836,468 255.00

1999 ........................... 873,890 876,878 255.00

2000 ........................... 933,767 937,159 255.00

 1 January–November. 2 Includes December 1958. 3 Revised data.
6.E OASDI: Benefits Withheld

CONTACT: Dana Nichele Mercer/Robert L. Hackendorf (410) 966-6637/965-5536 for further information.

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 271

Table 6.E1.—Number and percentage distribution of retired workers with benefits withheld, by monthly benefit, reduction 

for early retirement, and sex, December 2000

 [Based on 10–percent sample]

Monthly benefit

and sex

Total

Without reduction

 for early retirement

With reduction

 for early retirement

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent

Total ........................................... 117,120 100.0 34,980 100.0 82,140 100.0

Less than $350.00 ................................ 18,690 16.0 7,250 20.7 11,440 13.9

$350.00–$399.90.................................. 3,480 3.0 1,350 3.9 2,130 2.6

$400.00–$449.90.................................. 3,430 2.9 1,310 3.7 2,120 2.6

$450.00–$499.90.................................. 5,710 4.9 2,330 6.7 3,380 4.1

$500.00–$549.90.................................. 5,900 5.0 1,950 5.6 3,950 4.8

$550.00–$599.90.................................. 5,500 4.7 1,540 4.4 3,960 4.8

$600.00–$649.90.................................. 5,110 4.4 1,550 4.4 3,560 4.3

$650.00–$699.90.................................. 5,210 4.4 1,550 4.4 3,660 4.5

$700.00–$749.90.................................. 4,800 4.1 1,360 3.9 3,440 4.2

$750.00–$799.90.................................. 4,160 3.6 1,060 3.0 3,100 3.8

$800.00–$849.90.................................. 4,370 3.7 1,110 3.2 3,260 4.0

$850.00–$899.90.................................. 4,140 3.5 1,240 3.5 2,900 3.5

$900.00–$949.90.................................. 3,490 3.0 860 2.5 2,630 3.2

$950.00–$999.90.................................. 3,290 2.8 990 2.8 2,300 2.8

$1,000.00–$1,049.90............................ 3,160 2.7 800 2.3 2,360 2.9

$1,050.00–$1,099.90............................ 3,200 2.7 810 2.3 2,390 2.9

$1,100.00–$1,149.90............................ 3,090 2.6 690 2.0 2,400 2.9

$1,150.00–$1,199.90............................ 2,900 2.5 560 1.6 2,340 2.8

$1,200.00–$1,249.90............................ 3,290 2.8 820 2.3 2,470 3.0

$1,200.00–$1,299.90............................ 3,950 3.4 1,100 3.1 2,850 3.5

$1,300.00 or more................................. 20,250 17.3 4,750 13.6 15,500 18.9

Men............................................ 74,990 100.0 24,590 100.0 50,400 100.0

Less than $350.00 ................................ 9,680 12.9 4,310 17.5 5,370 10.7

$350.00–$399.90.................................. 2,140 2.9 1,070 4.4 1,070 2.1

$400.00–$449.90.................................. 2,120 2.8 1,010 4.1 1,110 2.2

$450.00–$499.90.................................. 3,340 4.5 1,710 7.0 1,630 3.2

$500.00–$549.90.................................. 2,850 3.8 1,280 5.2 1,570 3.1

$550.00–$599.90.................................. 2,400 3.2 950 3.9 1,450 2.9

$600.00–$649.90.................................. 2,550 3.4 1,040 4.2 1,510 3.0

$650.00–$699.90.................................. 2,430 3.2 970 3.9 1,460 2.9

$700.00–$749.90.................................. 2,300 3.1 850 3.5 1,450 2.9

$750.00–$799.90.................................. 2,280 3.0 760 3.1 1,520 3.0

$800.00–$849.90.................................. 2,130 2.8 630 2.6 1,500 3.0

$850.00–$899.90.................................. 2,510 3.3 910 3.7 1,600 3.2

$900.00–$949.90.................................. 2,200 2.9 560 2.3 1,640 3.3

$950.00–$999.90.................................. 2,140 2.9 620 2.5 1,520 3.0

$1,000.00–$1,049.90............................ 2,130 2.8 570 2.3 1,560 3.1

$1,050.00–$1,099.90............................ 2,390 3.2 610 2.5 1,780 3.5

$1,100.00–$1,149.90............................ 2,400 3.2 500 2.0 1,900 3.8

$1,150.00–$1,199.90............................ 2,320 3.1 390 1.6 1,930 3.8

$1,200.00–$1,249.90............................ 2,680 3.6 650 2.6 2,030 4.0

$1,200.00–$1,299.90............................ 3,440 4.6 920 3.7 2,520 5.0

$1,300.00 or more................................. 18,560 24.7 4,280 17.4 14,280 28.3

Women ...................................... 42,130 100.0 10,390 100.0 31,740 100.0

Less than $350.00 ................................ 9,010 21.4 2,940 28.3 6,070 19.1

$350.00–$399.90.................................. 1,340 3.2 280 2.7 1,060 3.3

$400.00–$449.90.................................. 1,310 3.1 300 2.9 1,010 3.2

$450.00–$499.90.................................. 2,370 5.6 620 6.0 1,750 5.5

$500.00–$549.90.................................. 3,050 7.2 670 6.4 2,380 7.5

$550.00–$599.90.................................. 3,100 7.4 590 5.7 2,510 7.9

$600.00–$649.90.................................. 2,560 6.1 510 4.9 2,050 6.5

$650.00–$699.90.................................. 2,780 6.6 580 5.6 2,200 6.9

$700.00–$749.90.................................. 2,500 5.9 510 4.9 1,990 6.3

$750.00–$799.90.................................. 1,880 4.5 300 2.9 1,580 5.0

$800.00–$849.90.................................. 2,240 5.3 480 4.6 1,760 5.5

$850.00–$899.90.................................. 1,630 3.9 330 3.2 1,300 4.1

$900.00–$949.90.................................. 1,290 3.1 300 2.9 990 3.1

$950.00–$999.90.................................. 1,150 2.7 370 3.6 780 2.5

$1,000.00–$1,049.90............................ 1,030 2.4 230 2.2 800 2.5

$1,050.00–$1,099.90............................ 810 1.9 200 1.9 610 1.9

$1,100.00–$1,149.90............................ 690 1.6 190 1.8 500 1.6

$1,150.00–$1,199.90............................ 580 1.4 170 1.6 410 1.3

$1,200.00–$1,249.90............................ 610 1.4 170 1.6 440 1.4

$1,200.00–$1,299.90............................ 510 1.2 180 1.7 330 1.0

$1,300.00 or more................................. 1,690 4.0 470 4.5 1,220 3.8
6.E OASDI: Benefits Withheld

CONTACT: Dana Nichele Mercer/Robert L. Hackendorf (410) 966-6377/965-5536 for further information.

272 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

1 Aged 62 or older.

2 Under age 65 with entitled children in their care.

Note: Due to the elimination of the earnings test for beneficiaries aged 65 or older in 2000, these beneficiaries are not included in table 6.E4.

Table 6.E4.—Number of beneficiaries, with benefits withheld, by reason for withholding payment, type of benefit, and age, 

December 2000

Reason payment

 withheld Total

Retired workers

Disabled

workers

Wives and husbands

Children

Widowed

mothers

and

fathers

Widows

and

widowers

Parents

Special

age-72

benefiTotal Men Women Total ciaries

Wives

HusbandsWithout

children1

With

children 2

Total ........................ 1,608,582 115,809 73,704 42,105 100,761 276,192 137,738 67,267 71,187 471,272 69,569 564,989 524 9,466

Earnings of retired

workers......................... 51,109 47,506 28,503 19,003 . . . 2,305 1,979 234 92 1,298 . . . . . . . . . . . .

Earnings of other

beneficiaries................. 100,684 . . . . . . . . . . . . 45,172 1,060 41,645 2,467 267 45,083 10,162 . . . . . .

Entitled child not in care

of beneficiary................ 30,252 . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,016 118 12,812 1,086 . . . 16,236 . . . . . . . . .

Payee not determined...... 9,716 830 426 404 1,553 46 30 16 . . . 6,952 17 318 . . . . . .

Recoupment of

overpayment ................ 30,562 10,203 5,724 4,479 4,622 2,654 1,462 1,133 59 9,143 1,495 2,445 . . . . . .

Address unknown ............ 46,989 19,575 11,570 8,005 8,063 1,641 1,066 446 129 10,457 259 6,567 32 395

Determination of

continuing disability

pending ........................ 9,587 . . . . . . . . . 5,984 303 . . . 303 . . . 3,277 . . . 23 . . . . . .

Workers’ compensation

offset............................. 7,142 . . . . . . . . . 1,786 537 42 495 . . . 4,819 . . . . . . . . . . . .

Govenment pension

offset............................. 250,189 . . . . . . . . . . . . 168,470 104,246 . . . 64,224 . . . 73 78,187 . . . 3,459

Receipt of public

assistance .................... 3,847 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,847

Technical entitlement ....... 838,421 . . . . . . . . . . . . 25,066 16,757 6,494 1,815 356,504 1,476 455,225 106 44

Other reasons .................. 230,084 37,695 27,481 10,214 78,753 15,982 10,978 3,689 1,315 78,555 4,930 12,062 386 1,721

Table 6.E5.—Number of wives, husbands, and children, with benefits withheld, by reason for withholding payment and 

type of benefit, December 2000

Reason payment witheld

Wives and husbands of— Children

Retired

workers

Disabled

workers

Under age 18 of— Disabled, aged 18 or older of— Students, aged 18–19 of—

Retired

workers

Deceased

workers

Disabled

workers

Retired

workers

Deceased

workers

Disabled

workers

Retired

workers

Deceased

workers

Disabled

workers

Total .......................................... 212,572 63,620 24,052 61,184 197,667 81,755 53,342 16,991 5,965 19,490 10,826

Earnings of—

Retired workers.............................. 2,305 . . . 1,055 . . . . . . 197 . . . . . . 46 . . . . . .

Other beneficiaries......................... 8,259 36,913 27 57 96 19 15 . . . 11 21 21

Entitled child not in care of

beneficiary...................................... 2,500 11,516 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Payee not determined........................ 30 16 321 3,002 2,517 148 844 92 . . . 12 16

Recoupment of overpayment for

reasons other than earnings .......... 1,596 1,058 445 2,012 6,118 109 243 86 10 68 52

Address unknown .............................. 1,184 457 498 2,536 5,065 315 1,433 227 31 236 116

Determination of continuing

disability pending............................ . . . 303 . . . . . . 2,582 99 403 168 . . . . . . 25

Workers’ compensation offset............ . . . 537 . . . . . . 4,690 . . . . . . 69 . . . . . . 60

Government pension offset................ 166,906 1,564 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Technical entitlement ......................... 17,002 8,064 17,682 39,092 146,356 78,348 42,207 13,067 4,230 10,553 4,969

Other reasons .................................... 12,790 3,192 4,024 14,485 30,243 2,520 8,197 3,282 1,637 8,600 5,567
6.F OASDI: Benefits Terminated

CONTACT: Dana Nichele Mercer/Robert L. Hackendorf (410) 966-6377/965-5536 for further information.

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 273

Table 6.F1.—Number of benefits terminated, by type, 1940–2000

Year Total

Retired

workers

Disabled

workers

Wives

and

husbands

Children

Widowed

mothers

and

fathers

Widows

and

widowers Parents

Special

Total age-72

Under

age 18

Disabled,

aged 18

or older Students

Total............ 127,171,930 44,040,383 13,372,715 16,420,059 36,181,467 22,729,112 650,798 12,801,557 4,376,440 11,441,703 106,698 1,232,465

1940–1944..... 246,534 84,737 . . . 40,811 73,394 73,394 . . . . . . 40,868 5,680 1,044 . . .

1945–1949..... 896,041 304,902 . . . 154,261 250,835 250,835 . . . . . . 145,998 36,144 3,901 . . .

1950............... 266,615 98,280 . . . 51,200 69,062 69,062 . . . . . . 33,313 13,642 1,118 . . .

1951............... 354,282 141,665 . . . 73,706 82,516 82,516 . . . . . . 37,016 17,999 1,380 . . .

1952............... 383,780 160,284 . . . 85,349 75,352 75,352 . . . . . . 40,085 20,978 1,732 . . .

1953............... 455,652 193,688 . . . 99,409 89,292 89,292 . . . . . . 44,331 27,006 1,926 . . .

1954............... 501,694 212,894 . . . 111,788 99,375 99,375 . . . . . . 45,870 29,871 1,896 . . .

1955............... 579,229 247,998 . . . 125,880 117,443 117,443 . . . . . . 49,330 36,488 2,090 . . .

1956............... 624,981 269,006 . . . 134,700 128,391 128,391 . . . . . . 51,874 38,849 2,161 . . .

1957............... 789,331 334,710 16,131 178,464 146,828 146,540 288 . . . 54,715 56,022 2,461 . . .

1958............... 817,512 322,279 52,949 173,608 156,944 156,348 596 . . . 52,088 57,422 2,222 . . .

1959............... 1,163,018 458,175 81,982 255,169 211,711 209,948 1,763 . . . 67,346 85,401 3,234 . . .

1960............... 1,170,612 440,555 89,090 249,792 235,965 233,512 2,453 . . . 67,555 84,396 3,259 . . .

1961............... 1,327,950 471,552 115,546 276,437 290,895 287,599 3,296 . . . 77,778 92,322 3,420 . . .

1962............... 1,410,718 507,807 128,299 282,569 311,045 307,200 3,845 . . . 78,261 99,332 3,405 . . .

1963............... 1,672,045 591,951 137,850 330,576 397,764 392,606 5,158 . . . 92,246 117,743 3,915 . . .

1964............... 1,739,693 616,124 138,576 333,969 424,680 418,834 5,846 . . . 96,116 126,328 3,900 . . .

1965............... 1,868,804 646,734 156,648 345,229 481,215 448,344 6,628 26,243 98,058 137,031 3,889 . . .

1966............... 2,178,105 696,038 168,630 351,877 704,131 457,688 7,329 239,114 92,054 158,302 3,749 3,324

1967............... 2,545,076 748,184 208,899 373,803 820,610 503,110 9,178 308,322 102,004 172,411 3,789 115,376

1968............... 2,654,191 789,586 222,197 386,245 837,390 514,363 10,620 312,407 100,344 188,844 4,004 125,581

1969............... 2,860,287 827,151 251,269 399,689 946,481 564,725 11,922 369,834 107,119 205,188 3,525 119,865

1970............... 2,841,523 817,129 260,444 388,574 956,566 582,918 11,795 361,853 102,578 208,843 3,313 104,076

1971............... 2,944,134 846,103 266,471 394,422 1,011,381 607,138 11,621 392,622 104,577 223,988 3,162 94,030

1972............... 2,949,327 839,018 261,739 384,297 1,037,251 605,569 13,924 417,758 108,995 232,375 2,950 82,702

1973............... 3,132,957 873,593 304,792 396,828 1,137,641 637,851 12,445 487,345 103,056 234,039 2,955 80,053

1974............... 3,296,247 921,897 320,958 416,891 1,205,329 699,400 15,288 490,641 116,061 243,139 2,886 69,086

1975............... 3,313,151 931,953 329,532 421,973 1,209,574 695,082 15,195 499,297 110,493 249,274 2,574 57,778

1976............... 3,405,273 941,162 351,504 424,417 1,262,306 711,425 16,104 534,777 114,823 256,020 2,412 52,629

1977............... 3,551,125 955,114 401,334 430,431 1,331,923 740,822 17,060 574,041 114,605 265,721 2,285 49,712

1978............... 3,589,849 977,703 413,571 428,498 1,342,365 736,536 17,496 588,333 112,491 271,102 2,106 42,013

1979............... 3,568,400 953,520 422,503 426,014 1,346,176 726,910 18,598 600,668 111,604 272,422 1,831 34,330

1980............... 3,538,615 1,009,542 408,051 420,313 1,259,831 636,825 14,561 608,445 118,300 289,326 1,705 31,547

1981............... 3,596,613 1,006,756 434,187 419,331 1,305,554 664,436 15,482 625,636 111,025 291,081 1,649 27,030

1982............... 3,869,989 1,032,327 483,847 437,104 1,485,066 677,326 16,435 791,305 109,210 298,435 1,521 22,479

1983............... 3,788,835 1,068,963 453,621 492,524 1,223,789 584,312 19,706 619,771 214,361 309,168 1,448 24,961

1984............... 3,230,134 1,102,737 371,913 373,796 954,150 498,199 19,277 436,674 88,342 319,858 1,283 18,055

1985............... 3,109,569 1,150,236 339,984 367,257 820,641 446,106 17,022 357,513 84,165 331,090 1,228 14,968

1986............... 2,996,494 1,152,844 341,276 362,966 703,293 474,999 17,013 211,281 90,071 329,855 1,110 15,079

1987............... 2,967,965 1,163,655 347,948 354,240 681,275 457,523 17,056 206,696 80,131 328,008 1,041 11,667

1988............... 3,087,126 1,227,357 356,143 354,250 723,385 484,001 19,478 219,906 73,473 341,432 922 10,164

1989............... 2,977,413 1,202,430 351,402 339,550 678,094 454,048 19,726 204,320 66,527 332,040 856 6,514

1990............... 2,958,646 1,222,810 348,194 337,006 646,343 415,616 20,014 210,713 64,260 334,293 769 4,971

1991............... 2,943,272 1,237,517 351,303 332,892 619,977 401,092 17,723 201,162 61,383 335,740 646 3,814

1992............... 2,969,109 1,252,171 361,796 329,102 616,771 397,723 17,857 201,191 65,852 339,827 617 2,973

1993............... 3,075,227 1,313,867 372,317 336,335 632,585 408,497 18,842 205,246 62,436 354,833 578 2,276

1994............... 3,124,009 1,329,241 384,590 331,416 647,848 421,730 20,034 206,084 72,662 356,097 529 1,626

1995............... 3,161,744 1,334,027 399,475 327,233 678,821 451,375 22,639 204,807 61,813 358,691 493 1,191

1996............... 3,187,291 1,352,339 396,980 321,703 690,618 459,254 23,776 207,588 61,618 362,751 444 838

1997............... 3,413,296 1,370,596 464,984 319,172 777,803 537,259 26,210 214,334 60,342 419,105 376 918

1998............... 3,307,618 1,405,342 409,489 313,423 741,412 495,678 26,755 218,979 54,551 382,619 346 436

1999............... 3,366,363 1,436,865 433,950 312,867 748,950 490,634 29,444 228,872 51,341 381,791 361 238

2000............... 3,404,466 1,447,269 460,351 310,703 753,430 502,351 33,300 217,779 50,925 381,341 282 165
6.F OASDI: Benefits Terminated

CONTACT: Dana Nichele Mercer/Robert L. Hackendorf (410) 966-6377/965-5536 for further information.

274 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Table 6.F2.—Number, by reason for termination and type of benefit, 2000

Reason for termination Total

Retired

workers

Disabled

workers

Wives and

husbands Children

Widows,

widowers,

and parents

Widowed

mothers

and fathers

Special

age-72

beneficiaries

Total .......................................................................... 3,404,466 1,447,269 460,351 310,703 753,430 381,623 50,925 165

Death of beneficiary........................................................... 2,003,565 1,401,607 168,996 83,809 18,965 329,014 1,009 165

Termination resulting from death of worker........................ 183,373 . . . . . . 153,065 30,308 . . . . . . . . .

Marriage, remarriage, or divorce of beneficiary ................. 36,406 . . . . . . 4,970 16,823 4,396 10,217 . . .

Attainment of age—

18 by children................................................................. 399,831 . . . . . . . . . 399,831 . . . . . . . . .

19 by student.................................................................. 61,057 . . . . . . . . . 61,057 . . . . . . . . .

65 by disabled worker .................................................... 244,156 . . . 212,948 19,493 11,715 . . . . . . . . .

65 by disabled widow(er) ............................................... 13,391 . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,391 . . . . . .

Termination due to attainment of age 16 of child ............... 61,840 . . . . . . 27,080 . . . . . . 34,760 . . .

Entitlement to an equal or larger

 Social Security benefit ................................................ 83,401 33,961 4,167 7,440 3,027 30,992 3,814 . . .

Does not meet medical standards: 1 

 1 Excludes disabled beneficiaries whose monthly benefits have been suspended because of their ability to engage in substantial gainful activity. These persons 

continue to be eligible for Medicare for a 3-year period.

Disabled worker or widow(er)......................................... 118,495 . . . 68,226 4,080 45,939 250 . . . . . .

Disabled adult child........................................................ 5,299 . . . . . . . . . 5,299 . . . . . . . . .

Student no longer attending school.................................... 153,349 . . . . . . . . . 153,349 . . . . . . . . .

Other.................................................................................. 40,303 11,701 6,014 10,766 7,117 3,580 1,125 . . .

Table 6.F3.—Number of wives, husbands, and children, by reason for termination and type of benefit, 2000

Reason for termination

Wives and 

husbands of— Children

Retired

workers

Disabled

workers

Under age 18 of— Disabled, aged 18 or older of— Students, aged 18–19 of—

Retired

workers

Deceased

workers

Disabled

workers

Retired

workers

Deceased

workers

Disabled

workers

Retired

workers

Deceased

workers

Disabled

workers

Total ............................................................ 255,810 54,893 46,077 194,874 261,400 5,562 17,909 9,829 24,944 113,164 79,671

Death of beneficiary............................................. 82,380 1,429 203 1,902 961 2,822 12,402 463 13 132 67

Termination resulting from

 death of worker ............................................. 147,317 5,748 . . . . . . 27,497 . . . . . . 1,644 . . . . . . 1,167

Marriage, remarriage, or

 divorce of beneficiary.................................... 1,895 3,075 1,063 3,883 8,978 229 1,426 336 116 363 429

Attainment of age—

18 by children................................................... . . . . . . 43,268 187,639 168,924 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

19 by student.................................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,608 33,171 21,278

65 by disabled worker ...................................... . . . 19,493 . . . . . . 6,806 . . . . . . 4,465 . . . . . . 444

Termination due to attainment of 

 age 16 of child............................................... 9,250 17,830 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Entitlement to an equal or larger

 Social Security benefit ................................... 6,049 1,391 865 192 735 576 296 264 60 12 27

Does not meet medical 

 standards: 1 

Disabled worker ...............................................

 1 Excludes disabled beneficiaries whose monthly benefits have been suspended because of their ability to engage in substantial gainful activity. These persons 

continue to be eligible for Medicare for a 3-year period.

. . . 4,080 . . . . . . 43,880 . . . . . . 1,691 . . . . . . 368

Disabled adult child.......................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,255 3,638 406 . . . . . . . . .

Student no longer attending school...................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18,113 79,429 55,807

Other.................................................................... 8,919 1,847 678 1,258 3,619 680 147 560 34 57 84
7.A SSI: Summary

CONTACT: Arthur Kahn (410) 965-0186 for further information.

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 275

Table 7.A1.—Number of persons receiving federally administered payments, total amount and average monthly amount, 

by source of payment, category, and age, December 2000

Source of payment Total

Category Age

Aged Blind Disabled Under 18 18–64 65 or older1

1 Includes approximately 18,800 blind and 702,700 disabled persons aged 65 or older.

Number of persons

Total ............................................................... 6,601,686 1,289,339 78,511 5,233,836 846,784 3,744,022 2,010,880

Federal payment only ............................................. 4,121,049 666,671 42,571 3,411,807 607,415 2,413,695 1,099,939

Federal payment and state supplementation.......... 2,198,858 519,638 30,360 1,648,860 237,064 1,195,468 766,326

State supplementation only..................................... 281,779 103,030 5,580 173,169 2,305 134,859 144,615

Total with—

Federal payment .................................................. 6,319,907 1,186,309 72,931 5,060,667 844,479 3,609,163 1,866,265

State supplementation.......................................... 2,480,637 622,668 35,940 1,822,029 239,369 1,330,327 910,941

Amount of payments (in thousands)2

2 Includes retroactive payments.

Total ............................................................... $2,676,378 $390,787 $33,274 $2,252,317 $419,577 $1,641,231 $615,570

Federal payments ................................................... 2,383,254 309,590 26,936 2,046,728 405,864 1,480,228 497,162

State supplementation ............................................ 293,124 81,198 6,337 205,589 13,713 161,003 118,408

Average monthly amount3

3 Excludes retroactive payments.

Total ............................................................... $378.82 $299.69 $413.22 $397.92 $463.05 $401.20 $302.68

Federal payments ................................................... 351.48 258.12 360.51 373.41 449.34 374.74 263.54

State supplementation ............................................ 112.50 128.46 171.01 105.86 53.04 112.39 127.99

Table 7.A2.—Number of persons1 receiving federally administered payments, total amount and average monthly amount, 

by source of payment and category, December 2000

1 See Eligible couple (SSI) and Eligible individual (SSI) in the Glossary.

Source of payment

Aged Blind Disabled Blind and

disabled,

Individual Couple Individual Couple Individual Couple under age 18

Number of persons

Total ............................................................... 1,033,262 133,081 66,906 3,000 4,109,014 136,779 846,784

Federal payment only ............................................. 564,211 52,570 36,617 1,325 2,645,038 79,931 607,415

Federal payment and state supplementation.......... 390,802 68,054 25,275 1,408 1,307,947 49,735 237,064

State supplementation only..................................... 78,249 12,457 5,014 267 156,029 7,113 2,305

Total with—

Federal payment .................................................. 955,013 120,624 61,892 2,733 3,952,985 129,666 844,479

State supplementation.......................................... 469,051 80,511 30,289 1,675 1,463,976 56,848 239,369

Amount of payments (in thousands)

Total ............................................................... $305,613 $90,081 $27,994 $2,299 $1,743,512 $87,303 $419,577

Federal payments ................................................... 249,063 64,159 22,806 1,533 1,569,635 70,194 405,864

State supplementation ............................................ 56,550 25,922 5,188 765 173,877 17,109 13,713

Average monthly amount

Total ............................................................... $292.67 $665.60 $407.94 $746.27 $391.03 $608.49 $463.05

Federal payments ................................................... 258.18 523.37 359.61 544.53 365.21 517.04 449.34

State supplementation ............................................ 118.60 317.01 166.11 451.18 111.26 286.83 53.04
7.A SSI: Summary 

CONTACT: Arthur Kahn (410) 965-0186 for further information.

276 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Table 7.A3.—Number of persons receiving payments, by source of payment and category, 1974–2000

Month and year Total

Federally

administered

Federal

SSI

State supplementation

Total

Federally administered State administered

Total Only Total Only

All persons

January 1974 ........................... 3,248,949 3,215,632 2,955,959 1,838,602 1,480,309 259,673 358,293 33,317

December:

1975 ..................................... 4,359,625 4,314,275 3,893,419 1,987,409 1,684,018 420,856 303,391 45,350

1980 ..................................... 4,194,100 4,142,017 3,682,411 1,934,239 1,684,765 459,606 249,474 52,083

1985 ..................................... 4,200,177 4,138,021 3,799,092 1,915,503 1,660,847 338,929 254,656 62,156

1990 ..................................... 4,888,180 4,817,127 4,412,131 2,343,803 2,058,273 404,996 285,530 71,053

1995 ..................................... 6,575,753 6,514,134 6,194,493 2,817,408 2,517,805 319,641 299,603 61,619

1996 ..................................... 6,676,729 6,613,718 6,325,531 2,731,681 2,421,470 288,187 310,211 63,011

1997 ..................................... 6,564,613 6,494,985 6,211,867 3,029,449 2,372,479 283,118 656,970 69,628

1998 ..................................... 6,649,465 6,566,069 6,289,070 3,072,392 2,411,707 276,999 660,685 83,396

1999 ..................................... 6,641,256 6,556,634 6,274,707 3,116,309 2,441,482 281,927 674,827 84,622

2000 ..................................... 6,685,169 6,601,686 6,319,907 3,163,504 2,480,637 281,779 682,867 83,483

Aged

January 1974 ........................... 1,889,898 1,865,109 1,690,496 1,022,244 770,318 174,613 251,926 24,789

December:

1975 ..................................... 2,333,685 2,307,105 2,024,765 1,028,596 843,917 282,340 184,679 26,580

1980 ..................................... 1,838,381 1,807,776 1,533,366 837,318 702,763 274,410 134,555 30,605

1985 ..................................... 1,529,674 1,504,469 1,322,292 698,634 583,913 182,177 114,721 25,205

1990 ..................................... 1,484,160 1,454,041 1,256,623 765,420 649,530 197,418 115,890 30,119

1995 ..................................... 1,479,415 1,446,122 1,314,720 777,841 663,390 131,402 114,451 33,293

1996 ..................................... 1,446,321 1,412,632 1,296,462 752,760 638,173 116,170 114,587 33,689

1997 ..................................... 1,395,845 1,362,350 1,251,374 750,168 619,516 110,976 130,652 33,495

1998 ..................................... 1,369,206 1,331,782 1,225,578 756,209 617,984 106,204 138,225 37,424

1999 ..................................... 1,346,771 1,308,062 1,203,056 759,681 620,261 105,006 139,420 38,709

2000 ..................................... 1,327,567 1,289,339 1,186,309 767,312 622,668 103,030 144,644 38,228

Blind

January 1974 ........................... 73,850 72,390 55,680 45,828 37,326 16,710 8,502 1,460

December:

1975 ..................................... 75,315 74,489 68,375 36,309 31,376 6,114 4,933 826

1980 ..................................... 79,139 78,401 68,945 39,863 36,214 9,456 3,649 738

1985 ..................................... 82,622 82,220 73,817 41,323 38,291 8,403 3,032 402

1990 ..................................... 84,109 83,686 74,781 43,376 40,334 8,905 3,042 423

1995 ..................................... 84,273 83,545 77,064 42,272 38,695 6,481 3,577 728

1996 ..................................... 82,815 82,137 76,180 40,173 36,759 5,957 3,414 678

1997 ..................................... 81,449 80,778 74,926 40,593 36,050 5,852 4,543 671

1998 ..................................... 81,029 80,243 74,623 40,828 36,193 5,620 4,635 786

1999 ..................................... 80,097 79,291 73,579 40,765 36,118 5,712 4,647 806

2000 ..................................... 79,295 78,511 72,931 40,585 35,940 5,580 4,645 784

Disabled

January 1974 ........................... 1,285,201 1,278,122 1,209,783 769,501 672,575 68,350 96,926 7,068

December:

1975 ..................................... 1,950,625 1,932,681 1,800,279 922,229 808,725 132,402 113,504 17,944

1980 ..................................... 2,276,130 2,255,840 2,080,100 1,050,155 945,788 175,740 104,367 20,290

1985 ..................................... 2,586,741 2,551,332 2,402,983 1,167,326 1,038,643 148,349 128,683 35,409

1990 ..................................... 3,319,911 3,279,400 3,080,727 1,535,007 1,368,409 198,673 166,598 40,511

1995 ..................................... 5,010,326 4,984,467 4,802,709 1,995,262 1,815,720 181,758 179,542 25,859

1996 ..................................... 5,145,850 5,118,949 4,952,889 1,933,493 1,746,538 166,060 186,955 26,901

1997 ..................................... 5,078,995 5,051,857 4,885,567 1,998,187 1,716,913 166,290 281,274 27,138

1998 ..................................... 5,190,815 5,154,044 4,988,869 2,067,530 1,757,530 165,175 310,000 36,771

1999 ..................................... 5,205,997 5,169,281 4,998,072 2,107,982 1,785,103 171,209 322,879 36,716

2000 ..................................... 5,270,126 5,233,836 5,060,667 2,147,945 1,822,029 173,169 325,916 36,290
7.A SSI: Summary

CONTACT: Stella M. Coleman/Arthur Kahn (410) 965-0157/0186 for further information.

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 277

Table 7.A4.—Total annual amount of payments, by source of payment and category, 1974–2000

[In thousands]

Calendar year Total1 Federal

SSI1

State supplementation

Federally

administered

State

administered1

1 Includes data not distributed by category.

All persons

1974........................................................................ $5,245,719 $3,833,161 $1,263,652 $148,906

1975........................................................................ 5,878,224 4,313,538 1,402,534 162,152

1980........................................................................ 7,940,734 5,866,354 1,848,286 226,094

1985........................................................................ 11,060,476 8,777,341 1,972,597 310,538

1990........................................................................ 16,598,680 12,893,805 3,239,154 465,721

1992........................................................................ 22,232,503 18,246,934 3,435,476 550,093

1993........................................................................ 24,556,867 20,721,613 3,269,540 565,714

1994........................................................................ 25,876,571 22,175,233 3,115,854 585,483

1995........................................................................ 27,627,658 23,919,430 3,117,850 590,378

1996........................................................................ 28,791,924 25,264,878 2,987,596 539,450

1997........................................................................ 29,052,089 25,457,387 2,913,181 681,521

1998........................................................................ 30,216,345 26,404,793 3,003,415 808,137

1999........................................................................ 30,959,475 26,805,156 3,300,976 853,343

2000........................................................................ 31,564,439 27,290,248 3,381,451 892,740

Aged

1974........................................................................ $2,503,407 $1,782,742 $631,292 $89,373

1975........................................................................ 2,604,792 1,842,980 673,535 88,277

1980........................................................................ 2,734,270 1,860,194 756,829 117,247

1985........................................................................ 3,034,596 2,202,557 694,114 137,925

1990........................................................................ 3,736,104 2,521,382 1,038,006 176,716

1992........................................................................ 4,139,612 2,901,063 1,023,030 215,519

1993........................................................................ 4,250,092 3,097,616 933,852 218,624

1994........................................................................ 4,366,528 3,265,711 876,053 224,764

1995........................................................................ 4,467,146 3,374,772 864,450 227,924

1996........................................................................ 4,507,202 3,449,407 833,091 224,705

1997........................................................................ 4,531,973 3,479,948 823,581 228,444

1998........................................................................ 4,424,877 3,327,856 838,375 258,646

1999........................................................................ 4,724,748 3,514,689 921,332 271,003

2000........................................................................ 4,811,048 3,595,384 942,530 283,073

Blind

1974........................................................................ $130,195 $91,308 $34,483 $4,404

1975........................................................................ 130,936 92,427 34,813 3,696

1980........................................................................ 190,075 131,506 54,321 4,248

1985........................................................................ 264,162 195,183 64,657 4,322

1990........................................................................ 334,120 238,415 90,534 5,171

1992........................................................................ 370,769 275,606 87,783 7,380

1993........................................................................ 374,998 287,754 79,479 7,765

1994........................................................................ 372,461 292,102 72,596 7,763

1995........................................................................ 375,512 298,238 69,203 8,071

1996........................................................................ 371,869 298,897 65,894 7,077

1997........................................................................ 374,857 302,656 65,189 7,012

1998........................................................................ 366,452 291,050 67,137 8,265

1999........................................................................ 391,181 308,556 73,028 8,557

2000........................................................................ 394,484 312,144 73,688 8,636

Disabled

1974........................................................................ $2,601,936 $1,959,112 $597,876 $44,948

1975........................................................................ 3,142,476 2,378,131 694,186 70,159

1980........................................................................ 5,013,948 3,874,655 1,037,137 102,156

1985........................................................................ 7,754,588 6,379,601 1,213,826 161,161

1990........................................................................ 12,520,568 10,134,007 2,110,615 275,946

1992........................................................................ 17,710,514 15,070,265 2,324,664 315,585

1993........................................................................ 19,925,929 17,336,243 2,256,209 333,477

1994........................................................................ 21,131,001 18,617,421 2,167,205 346,375

1995........................................................................ 22,778,547 20,246,415 2,184,197 347,935

1996........................................................................ 23,905,578 21,516,579 2,088,610 300,389

1997........................................................................ 24,006,254 21,685,421 2,024,410 296,423

1998........................................................................ 25,304,721 22,785,879 2,097,903 420,939

1999........................................................................ 25,722,400 22,598,270 2,306,616 452,640

2000........................................................................ 26,198,350 23,399,442 2,365,233 479,635
7.A SSI: Summary 

CONTACT: Arthur Kahn (410) 965-0186 for further information.

278 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Table 7.A5.—Average monthly amount,1 by source of payment and category, 1975–2000

1 Excludes retroactive payments.

December Total

Federally

administered

Federal

SSI

State supplementation

Total

Federally

administered

State

administered2

2 Includes data not distributed by category.

Total

1975......................................... $108.46 $106.33 $90.59 $57.55 $61.72 $38.69

1980......................................... 164.66 161.92 138.14 93.44 95.17 81.57

1985......................................... 220.70 218.09 193.77 99.37 99.39 99.21

1990......................................... 279.91 276.45 241.52 128.24 127.83 131.32

1995......................................... 338.73 335.45 312.83 103.23 98.66 142.59

1996......................................... 347.62 343.88 322.11 104.82 98.80 152.91

1997......................................... 356.96 350.58 327.53 101.46 101.92 99.82

1998......................................... 365.28 359.45 336.06 102.47 102.33 102.97

1999......................................... 374.96 368.53 341.86 110.44 110.92 108.70

2000......................................... 385.52 378.82 351.48 112.16 112.50 110.95

Aged

1975......................................... $88.91 $86.72 $73.77 $50.61 $57.38 $28.68

1980......................................... 130.28 126.66 105.69 92.64 95.60 77.55

1985......................................... 168.16 164.01 141.41 101.25 103.58 89.91

1990......................................... 213.40 208.26 170.74 133.62 136.31 118.82

1995......................................... 256.66 250.27 220.15 116.26 109.62 153.94

1996......................................... 267.69 260.27 228.25 120.53 111.74 168.66

1997......................................... 275.83 268.46 235.45 120.11 114.35 147.09

1998......................................... 285.95 277.45 243.28 123.29 115.29 158.80

1999......................................... 298.23 289.19 249.36 133.51 125.90 167.17

2000......................................... 309.40 299.69 258.12 135.88 128.46 167.49

Blind

1975......................................... $140.20 $137.58 $112.69 $68.81 $78.57 $35.40

1980......................................... 195.60 192.51 163.36 109.79 111.41 97.56

1985......................................... 263.86 260.25 224.31 121.76 122.15 118.07

1990......................................... 323.31 319.03 267.34 165.57 167.29 148.26

1995......................................... 360.61 355.24 317.06 143.65 138.31 188.15

1996......................................... 366.59 362.07 326.16 141.92 138.18 171.65

1997......................................... 385.42 381.65 337.79 149.55 152.83 123.70

1998......................................... 395.20 390.19 344.77 154.21 154.33 153.18

1999......................................... 407.19 401.99 350.72 166.66 167.64 159.15

2000......................................... 418.14 413.22 360.51 168.91 171.01 154.79

Disabled

1975......................................... $130.59 $128.49 $108.55 $65.63 $65.68 $65.20

1980......................................... 190.96 188.70 160.78 93.57 94.38 86.19

1985......................................... 248.36 246.50 219.61 97.73 96.63 107.06

1990......................................... 305.82 302.78 266.84 125.01 123.36 139.70

1995......................................... 360.99 358.18 336.39 97.76 94.26 134.44

1996......................................... 368.65 365.49 345.36 98.32 93.63 142.92

1997......................................... 375.45 372.52 351.28 95.09 96.29 87.88

1998......................................... 384.67 380.46 359.07 99.32 96.63 114.30

1999......................................... 393.18 388.29 364.24 107.06 104.52 120.92

2000......................................... 402.93 397.92 373.41 108.66 105.86 124.09
7.A SSI: Summary

CONTACT: Arthur Kahn (410) 965-0186 for further information.

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 279

CONTACT: Clark Pickett (410) 965-9016 for further information.

Table 7.A8.—Number of federally administered awards, by category and age, 1974–2000 1

 [Based on 10-percent sample]

1Represents period in which first payment was made, not date of entitlement to payments.

Year Total

Category Age

Aged Blind Disabled Under 18 18–64 65 or older

Total ..................................... 21,523,610 6,816,880 271,940 14,434,790 2,352,250 12,431,790 6,739,570

Awards based on:

State conversions...................... 3,150,690 1,760,970 77,810 1,311,910 3,160 1,303,490 1,844,040

New applications:

1974....................................... 1,337,630 770,880 8,700 558,050 66,970 497,910 772,750

1975....................................... 927,770 350,130 9,090 568,550 62,900 513,590 351,280

1976....................................... 674,560 222,900 7,040 444,620 45,060 408,010 221,490

1980....................................... 526,780 185,340 8,850 332,590 46,240 299,950 180,590

1981....................................... 411,500 122,690 8,250 280,560 39,020 254,880 117,600

1982....................................... 342,650 103,350 6,810 232,490 35,680 206,550 100,420

1983....................................... 458,590 152,800 7,760 298,030 42,110 267,620 148,860

1984....................................... 586,700 217,210 8,950 360,540 45,750 331,340 209,610

1985....................................... 527,790 155,880 8,290 363,620 46,580 335,340 145,870

1986....................................... 603,560 159,740 7,780 436,040 51,060 404,470 148,030

1987....................................... 589,460 166,250 8,420 414,790 48,490 386,970 154,000

1988....................................... 578,340 168,570 7,150 402,620 47,570 374,290 156,480

1989....................................... 629,500 188,040 7,040 434,420 51,530 401,060 176,910

1990....................................... 718,300 193,380 7,980 516,940 76,120 459,800 182,380

1991....................................... 822,880 189,860 7,570 625,450 126,190 518,610 178,080

1992....................................... 1,049,250 190,170 8,260 850,820 221,120 650,260 177,870

1993....................................... 1,054,190 185,770 7,040 861,380 236,250 644,810 173,130

1994....................................... 944,780 158,400 6,600 779,780 203,220 595,620 145,940

1995....................................... 893,440 142,140 5,950 745,350 177,620 586,120 129,700

1996....................................... 798,000 124,020 5,540 668,440 144,300 535,270 118,430

1997....................................... 673,390 93,810 4,870 574,710 116,350 461,580 95,460

1998....................................... 739,680 108,920 6,320 624,440 135,650 489,950 114,080

1999....................................... 757,580 120,630 5,840 631,110 139,480 494,180 123,920

2000....................................... 747,170 116,470 5,830 624,870 144,560 483,170 119,440

Table 7.A9.—Number of persons receiving federally administered payments, by category, 1974–2000

December Total

Category Age

Aged Blind Disabled Under 18 18–64 65 or older

1974.............................................. 3,996,064 2,285,909 74,616 1,635,539 70,900 1,503,155 2,422,009

1975.............................................. 4,314,275 2,307,105 74,489 1,932,681 107,026 1,699,394 2,507,855

1976.............................................. 4,235,939 2,147,697 76,366 2,011,876 125,412 1,713,594 2,396,933

1980.............................................. 4,142,017 1,807,776 78,401 2,255,840 190,394 1,730,847 2,220,776

1981.............................................. 4,018,875 1,678,090 78,570 2,262,215 194,890 1,702,895 2,121,090

1982.............................................. 3,857,590 1,548,741 77,356 2,231,493 191,570 1,655,279 2,010,741

1983.............................................. 3,901,497 1,515,400 78,960 2,307,137 198,323 1,699,774 2,003,400

1984.............................................. 4,029,333 1,530,287 80,524 2,418,522 211,587 1,780,459 2,037,287

1985.............................................. 4,138,021 1,504,469 82,220 2,551,332 227,384 1,879,168 2,031,469

1986.............................................. 4,269,184 1,473,428 83,115 2,712,641 241,198 2,010,458 2,017,528

1987.............................................. 4,384,999 1,455,387 83,421 2,846,191 250,902 2,118,710 2,015,387

1988.............................................. 4,463,869 1,433,420 82,864 2,947,585 255,135 2,202,714 2,006,020

1989.............................................. 4,593,059 1,439,043 82,765 3,071,251 264,890 2,301,926 2,026,243

1990.............................................. 4,817,127 1,454,041 83,686 3,279,400 308,589 2,449,897 2,058,641

1991.............................................. 5,118,470 1,464,684 84,549 3,569,237 397,162 2,641,524 2,079,784

1992.............................................. 5,566,189 1,471,022 85,400 4,009,767 556,470 2,910,016 2,099,703

1993.............................................. 5,984,330 1,474,852 85,456 4,424,022 722,678 3,148,413 2,113,239

1994.............................................. 6,295,786 1,465,905 84,911 4,744,970 841,474 3,335,255 2,119,057

1995.............................................. 6,514,134 1,446,122 83,545 4,984,467 917,048 3,482,256 2,114,830

1996.............................................. 6,613,718 1,412,632 82,137 5,118,949 955,174 3,568,393 2,090,151

1997.............................................. 6,494,985 1,362,350 80,778 5,051,857 879,828 3,561,625 2,053,532

1998.............................................. 6,566,069 1,331,782 80,243 5,154,044 887,066 3,646,020 2,032,983

1999.............................................. 6,556,634 1,308,062 79,291 5,169,281 847,063 3,690,970 2,018,601

2000.............................................. 6,601,686 1,289,339 78,511 5,233,836 846,784 3,744,022 2,010,880
7.B SSI: State Data

CONTACT: Stella M. Coleman/Art Kahn (410) 965-0157/0186 for further information.

280 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Table 7.B1.—Number of persons receiving federally administered payments and total annual amount, by category, 2000

State

Number, December

Amount of payments, calendar year

(in thousands)

Total Aged Blind 1

 1 Includes approximately 18,800 blind persons aged 65 or older.

Disabled 2

 2 Includes approximately 702,700 disabled persons aged 65 or older.

Total Aged Blind Disabled

 Total 3 .............................

 3 Includes data not distributed by state.

6,601,686 1,289,339 78,511 5,233,836 $30,671,699 $4,540,045 $385,927 $25,745,710

Alabama..................................... 159,343 26,534 1,152 131,657 658,648 52,344 4,514 601,791

Alaska ........................................ 8,636 1,453 123 7,060 36,717 3,907 514 32,296

Arizona....................................... 81,278 13,194 959 67,125 355,074 39,084 4,333 311,656

Arkansas.................................... 85,310 14,206 943 70,161 332,628 25,114 3,871 303,644

California.................................... 1,087,614 333,892 21,949 731,773 6,385,553 1,729,632 140,135 4,515,786

Colorado .................................... 53,694 8,985 553 44,156 228,481 26,795 2,378 199,307

Connecticut................................ 48,731 7,115 510 41,106 215,865 23,658 2,262 189,946

Delaware.................................... 11,961 1,387 117 10,457 50,172 3,388 490 46,294

District of Columbia.................... 20,073 2,524 190 17,359 92,673 6,987 885 84,801

Florida........................................ 376,555 94,038 3,109 279,408 1,620,866 312,575 13,286 1,295,005

Georgia ...................................... 196,780 34,112 2,264 160,404 785,363 73,308 9,454 702,601

Hawaii ........................................ 21,009 7,047 168 13,794 103,603 29,248 841 73,514

Idaho.......................................... 18,347 1,839 182 16,326 76,065 3,908 730 71,426

Illinois......................................... 248,833 32,541 2,374 213,918 1,174,336 113,997 10,613 1,049,727

Indiana ....................................... 88,017 7,309 1,045 79,663 381,786 16,396 4,317 361,073

Iowa ........................................... 40,298 4,477 827 34,994 157,905 9,595 3,174 145,135

Kansas....................................... 36,277 3,784 376 32,117 151,084 9,224 1,630 140,230

Kentucky .................................... 174,346 18,753 1,442 154,151 740,790 38,492 6,117 696,181

Louisiana.................................... 165,525 24,563 1,894 139,068 715,106 53,293 7,911 653,902

Maine ......................................... 29,705 3,298 234 26,173 115,902 5,584 909 109,410

Maryland .................................... 88,073 15,726 745 71,602 400,089 49,697 3,241 347,151

Massachusetts........................... 167,784 45,959 4,251 117,574 807,328 171,146 21,946 614,235

Michigan..................................... 209,608 19,413 1,892 188,303 988,272 57,019 8,602 922,651

Minnesota .................................. 64,084 10,152 721 53,211 271,952 30,256 3,071 238,625

Mississippi.................................. 128,791 22,440 1,257 105,094 512,112 43,535 4,921 463,656

Missouri...................................... 112,230 12,877 987 98,366 470,986 27,929 3,977 439,079

Montana..................................... 13,845 1,342 125 12,378 57,334 2,695 522 54,117

Nebraska.................................... 21,221 2,382 239 18,600 85,105 5,284 965 78,855

Nevada....................................... 25,405 6,972 644 17,789 108,413 21,989 3,168 83,256

New Hampshire ......................... 11,577 1,006 119 10,452 48,825 2,380 490 45,956

New Jersey ................................ 146,350 34,048 1,080 111,222 672,255 124,176 4,692 543,387

New Mexico ............................... 46,662 8,930 566 37,166 193,252 22,370 2,465 168,417

New York.................................... 617,167 138,971 3,370 474,826 3,197,466 572,354 16,009 2,609,104

North Carolina............................ 191,053 33,990 2,093 154,970 731,568 68,029 8,273 655,266

North Dakota.............................. 8,167 1,351 80 6,736 29,797 2,815 325 26,656

Ohio ........................................... 239,911 17,526 2,248 220,137 1,114,044 47,524 9,668 1,056,852

Oklahoma................................... 72,140 10,782 866 60,492 302,057 23,276 3,623 275,157

Oregon....................................... 51,936 7,238 634 44,064 228,109 21,400 2,757 203,952

Pennsylvania.............................. 283,969 36,547 2,457 244,965 1,367,077 109,264 11,256 1,246,556

Rhode Island.............................. 27,778 4,606 226 22,946 130,379 14,977 991 114,411

South Carolina ........................... 107,469 17,162 1,583 88,724 428,933 34,925 6,501 387,507

South Dakota ............................. 12,642 1,999 110 10,533 48,363 3,936 426 44,001

Tennessee.................................. 164,202 23,118 1,663 139,421 664,461 45,861 6,992 611,607

Texas.......................................... 409,162 115,402 5,725 288,035 1,574,945 294,276 23,571 1,257,098

Utah ........................................... 20,130 2,096 270 17,764 87,074 6,769 1,201 79,104

Vermont...................................... 12,525 1,567 115 10,843 51,487 3,216 507 47,765

Virginia....................................... 131,942 24,530 1,455 105,957 535,180 65,276 6,092 463,811

Washington ................................ 100,761 14,148 949 85,664 484,345 54,941 4,424 424,979

West Virginia.............................. 71,420 5,527 589 65,304 318,198 10,983 2,555 304,661

Wisconsin................................... 84,887 9,771 969 74,147 357,084 23,598 4,033 329,454

Wyoming ................................... 5,798 559 53 5,186 23,444 988 209 22,247

Other:

Northern Mariana Islands....... 665 151 19 495 3,174 643 90 2,440
7.B SSI: State Data

CONTACT: Alfreda Brooks (410) 965-9849 for further information.

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 281

Table 7.B2.—Number of persons receiving state-administered supplementation and total amount of payments, 

by category, 2000 1 

 1 Data reported to the Social Security Administration by individual states. All data subject to revision. Excludes optional supplementation data for Missouri 

and North Dakota.

State

Number, December

Amount of payments, calendar year

(In thousands)

Total Aged Blind Disabled Total Aged Blind Disabled

Total......................... 2 682,867

 2 Includes data not distributed by category.

144,644 4,645 325,916 2 $892,740 $283,073 $8,636 $479,635

Alabama.......................... 823 370 13 440 570 257 8 305

Alaska ............................. 13,911 4,662 93 9,156 51,210 16,837 356 34,017

Arizona............................ 457 . . . . . . 457 250 . . . . . . 250

Colorado ......................... 31,297 23,834 18 7,445 74,293 53,728 46 20,519

Connecticut..................... 22,329 6,401 131 15,797 87,365 30,001 560 56,804

Florida............................. 15,762 7,344 9 8,409 27,876 12,283 15 15,578

Idaho............................... 10,248 2,056 27 8,165 8,379 1,406 19 6,954

Illinois.............................. 35,810 7,710 168 27,932 28,592 7,437 181 20,974

Indiana ............................ 1,140 525 6 609 4,577 1,697 15 2,865

Iowa ................................ 4,324 1,195 . . . 3,129 16,676 (3) (3) (3)

Kentucky ......................... 4,891 2,103 37 2,751 17,198 7,549 83 9,566

Louisiana......................... 5,209 (3) (3) (3) 497 (3) (3) (3)

Maine .............................. 34,489 7,030 147 27,312 9,100 3,097 56 5,947

Maryland ......................... 2,972 (3) (3) (3) 6,952 (3) (3) (3)

Michigan.......................... 195,701 (3) (3) (3) 94,883 (3) (3) (3)

Minnesota ....................... 36,494 8,108 182 28,204 76,460 9,342 269 66,849

Missouri........................... 9,022 3,244 847 4,931 25,354 9,204 3,154 12,996

Nebraska......................... 5,574 1,327 47 4,200 6,255 1,332 24 4,899

New Hampshire .............. 17,039 8,340 335 8,364 11,848 1,834 687 9,327

New Mexico .................... 203 (3) (3) (3) 235 (3) (3) (3)

North Carolina................. 23,063 13,006 124 9,933 123,651 65,758 853 57,040

North Dakota .................. 355 151 1 203 2,225 1,009 30 1,186

Oklahoma........................ 70,972 21,652 530 48,790 37,429 10,029 299 27,101

Oregon .............................. 16,972 4,710 706 11,556 20,442 17,875 390 2,177

South Carolina ................ 3,647 1,981 15 1,651 13,877 7,328 71 6,478

South Dakota .................. 3,577 (3) (3) (3) 2,153 (3) (3) (3)

Virginia............................ 6,598 2,984 15 3,599 20,270 8,876 48 11,346

Washington ..................... 70 11 2 57 310 35 3 272

Wisconsin........................ 107,090 15,829 1,164 90,097 123,132 16,141 1,462 105,529

Wyoming......................... 2,828 71 28 2,729 681 18 7 656
7.B SSI: State Data

CONTACT: Arthur Kahn (410) 965-0186 for further information.

282 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Table 7.B3.—Number of persons receiving federally administered payments and average monthly amount, 

December 2000

State

Total Federal SSI State supplementation Number with—

Number

Average

monthly

amount Number

Average

monthly

amount Number

Average

monthly

amount

Federal

SSI only

Federal SSI

and state

supplementation

State

supplementation

only

Total 1 ..........................

 1 Includes data not distributed by state.

6,601,686 $378.82 6,319,907 $351.48 2,480,637 $112.50 4,121,049 2,198,858 281,779

Alabama................................ 159,343 327.13 159,343 327.13 . . . 307.00 159,342 . . . . . .

Alaska ................................... 8,636 344.48 8,636 344.47 . . . 22.90 8,636 . . . . . .

Arizona.................................. 81,278 359.68 81,278 359.67 . . . 173.50 81,278 . . . . . .

Arkansas............................... 85,310 309.82 85,310 309.82 8 53.16 85,302 8 . . .

California............................... 1,087,614 484.97 906,163 367.62 1,086,919 178.41 695 905,468 181,451

Colorado ............................... 53,694 340.70 53,694 340.69 . . . . . . 53,694 . . . . . .

Connecticut........................... 48,731 360.83 48,731 360.84 . . . . . . 48,730 . . . . . .

Delaware............................... 11,961 344.43 11,839 340.97 643 126.83 11,318 521 122

District of Columbia............... 20,073 377.32 19,932 365.82 1,720 163.05 18,353 1,579 141

Florida................................... 376,555 352.51 376,555 352.51 7 36.55 376,548 7 . . .

Georgia ................................. 196,780 322.96 196,779 322.97 15 26.98 196,765 14 1

Hawaii ................................... 21,009 397.72 20,212 361.97 19,522 53.37 1,487 18,725 797

Idaho..................................... 18,347 336.26 18,347 336.26 . . . . . . 18,346 . . . . . .

Illinois.................................... 248,833 386.16 248,833 386.16 . . . . . . 248,831 . . . . . .

Indiana .................................. 88,017 352.31 88,017 352.31 . . . . . . 88,017 . . . . . .

Iowa ...................................... 40,298 324.34 40,031 321.10 1,647 132.93 38,651 1,380 267

Kansas.................................. 36,277 340.81 36,276 340.80 14 51.24 36,263 13 1

Kentucky ............................... 174,346 349.35 174,346 349.35 . . . . . . 174,346 . . . . . .

Louisiana............................... 165,525 345.13 165,523 345.13 22 16.81 165,503 20 2

Maine .................................... 29,705 316.10 29,705 316.10 . . . . . . 29,703 . . . . . .

Maryland ............................... 88,073 363.51 88,072 363.50 38 42.43 88,035 37 1

Massachusetts...................... 167,784 394.68 147,625 355.72 167,563 81.59 221 147,404 20,159

Michigan................................ 209,608 383.65 205,247 380.69 19,191 119.03 190,417 14,830 4,361

Minnesota ............................. 64,084 349.96 64,084 349.96 . . . . . . 64,084 . . . . . .

Mississippi............................. 128,791 321.61 128,789 321.61 19 21.84 128,772 17 2

Missouri................................. 112,230 341.86 112,230 341.86 . . . . . . 112,230 . . . . . .

Montana................................ 13,845 336.15 13,747 333.72 895 76.50 12,950 797 98

Nebraska............................... 21,221 325.85 21,221 325.85 . . . . . . 21,221 . . . . . .

Nevada.................................. 25,405 349.15 24,576 344.34 7,481 53.63 17,924 6,652 829

New Hampshire .................... 11,577 332.61 11,577 332.59 . . . . . . 11,577 . . . . . .

New Jersey ........................... 146,350 373.04 138,729 347.97 145,733 44.09 617 138,112 7,621

New Mexico .......................... 46,662 336.37 46,662 336.37 . . . . . . 46,662 . . . . . .

New York............................... 617,167 420.79 569,928 376.50 612,031 73.84 5,136 564,792 47,239

North Carolina....................... 191,053 310.83 191,053 310.83 . . . . . . 191,053 . . . . . .

North Dakota......................... 8,167 298.15 8,167 298.15 . . . . . . 8,167 . . . . . .

Ohio ...................................... 239,911 377.49 239,910 377.48 30 30.00 239,881 29 1

Oklahoma.............................. 72,140 332.77 72,140 332.77 . . . . . . 72,139 . . . . . .

Oregon.................................. 51,936 354.57 51,936 354.57 . . . . . . 51,935 . . . . . .

Pennsylvania......................... 283,969 390.24 271,391 369.62 278,797 37.96 5,172 266,219 12,578

Rhode Island......................... 27,778 383.58 25,019 349.50 27,740 68.96 38 24,981 2,759

South Carolina ...................... 107,469 324.23 107,469 324.22 . . . . . . 107,468 . . . . . .

South Dakota ........................ 12,642 314.92 12,642 314.89 12 34.68 12,630 12 . . .

Tennessee............................. 164,202 331.89 164,201 331.89 8 21.94 164,194 7 1

Texas..................................... 409,162 312.36 409,160 312.36 . . . . . . 409,156 . . . . . .

Utah ...................................... 20,130 354.05 20,127 353.93 1,514 2.77 18,616 1,511 3

Vermont................................. 12,525 340.87 11,214 313.89 12,478 60.27 47 11,167 1,311

Virginia.................................. 131,942 329.45 131,942 329.44 . . . . . . 131,942 . . . . . .

Washington ........................... 100,761 388.04 98,729 376.47 96,573 20.18 4,188 94,541 2,032

West Virginia......................... 71,420 359.87 71,420 359.87 . . . . . . 71,420 . . . . . .

Wisconsin.............................. 84,887 345.39 84,887 345.39 . . . . . . 84,886 . . . . . .

Wyoming .............................. 5,798 329.30 5,798 329.30 . . . . . . 5,798 . . . . . .

Other:

Northern Mariana Islands.. 665 412.39 665 412.39 . . . . . . 665 . . . . . .
7.B SSI: State Data

CONTACT: Stella M. Coleman/Arthur Kahn (410) 965-0157/0186 for further information.

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 283

Table 7.B7.—Total amount, federal payments, and state supplementation, calendar year 2000

[In thousands]

State Total

Federal

SSI

State supplementation

Federally

administered

State

administered

Total 1 ...................................................................

1 Includes data not distributed by state.

$31,564,439 $27,290,248 $3,381,451 $892,740

Alabama......................................................................... 659,218 658,648 . . . 570

Alaska ............................................................................ 87,927 36,717 . . . 51,210

Arizona........................................................................... 355,324 355,074 . . . 250

Arkansas........................................................................ 332,628 332,628 . . . . . .

California........................................................................ 6,385,553 4,041,417 2,344,136 . . .

Colorado ........................................................................ 302,774 228,481 . . . 74,293

Connecticut.................................................................... 303,230 215,865 . . . 87,365

Delaware........................................................................ 50,172 49,227 945 . . .

District of Columbia........................................................ 92,673 89,376 3,297 . . .

Florida............................................................................ 1,648,742 1,620,862 4 27,876

Georgia .......................................................................... 785,363 785,363 . . . . . .

Hawaii ............................................................................ 103,603 90,874 12,729 . . .

Idaho.............................................................................. 84,444 76,065 . . . 8,379

Illinois............................................................................. 1,202,928 1,174,336 . . . 28,592

Indiana ........................................................................... 386,363 381,786 . . . 4,577

Iowa ............................................................................... 174,581 155,214 2,691 16,676

Kansas........................................................................... 151,084 151,084 . . . . . .

Kentucky ........................................................................ 757,988 740,790 . . . 17,198

Louisiana........................................................................ 715,603 715,106 . . . 497

Maine ............................................................................. 125,002 115,902 . . . 9,100

Maryland ........................................................................ 407,041 400,086 3 6,952

Massachusetts............................................................... 807,328 641,376 165,952 . . .

Michigan......................................................................... 1,083,155 960,707 27,565 94,883

Minnesota ...................................................................... 348,412 271,952 . . . 76,460

Mississippi...................................................................... 512,112 512,111 1 . . .

Missouri.......................................................................... 496,340 470,986 . . . 25,354

Montana......................................................................... 57,334 56,523 811 . . .

Nebraska........................................................................ 91,360 85,105 . . . 6,255

Nevada........................................................................... 108,413 103,556 4,857 . . .

New Hampshire ............................................................. 60,673 48,825 . . . 11,848

New Jersey .................................................................... 672,255 593,624 78,631 . . .

New Mexico ................................................................... 193,487 193,252 . . . 235

New York........................................................................ 3,197,466 2,647,827 549,639 . . .

North Carolina................................................................ 855,219 731,568 . . . 123,651

North Dakota.................................................................. 32,022 29,797 . . . 2,225

Ohio ............................................................................... 1,114,044 1,114,042 2 . . .

Oklahoma....................................................................... 339,486 302,057 . . . 37,429

Oregon........................................................................... 248,551 228,109 . . . 20,442

Pennsylvania.................................................................. 1,367,077 1,237,548 129,529 . . .

Rhode Island.................................................................. 130,379 106,976 23,403 . . .

South Carolina ............................................................... 442,810 428,933 . . . 13,877

South Dakota ................................................................. 50,516 48,358 5 2,153

Tennessee...................................................................... 664,461 664,459 2 . . .

Texas.............................................................................. 1,574,945 1,574,945 . . . . . .

Utah ............................................................................... 87,074 87,023 51 . . .

Vermont.......................................................................... 51,487 42,478 9,009 . . .

Virginia........................................................................... 555,450 535,180 . . . 20,270

Washington .................................................................... 484,655 456,107 28,238 310

West Virginia.................................................................. 318,198 318,198 . . . . . .

Wisconsin....................................................................... 480,216 357,084 . . . 123,132

Wyoming........................................................................ 24,125 23,444 . . . 681

Other:

 Northern Mariana Islands........................................... 3,174 3,174 . . . . . .
7.B SSI: State Data 

CONTACT: Arthur Kahn (410) 965-0186 for further information.

284 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Table 7.B8.—Number of blind and disabled persons under age 18 receiving federally administered payments, 

December 2000

State Total Blind Disabled

Total ........................................................................................ 846,784 6,710 840,074

Alabama........................................................................................... 23,699 60 23,639

Alaska .............................................................................................. 926 11 915

Arizona............................................................................................. 12,174 111 12,063

Arkansas.......................................................................................... 13,624 87 13,537

California.......................................................................................... 82,169 1,726 80,443

Colorado .......................................................................................... 6,682 40 6,642

Connecticut...................................................................................... 5,531 57 5,474

Delaware.......................................................................................... 2,509 9 2,500

District of Columbia.......................................................................... 3,227 10 3,217

Florida.............................................................................................. 64,463 218 64,245

Georgia ............................................................................................ 26,932 226 26,706

Hawaii .............................................................................................. 1,169 18 1,151

Idaho................................................................................................ 3,145 33 3,112

Illinois............................................................................................... 38,345 158 38,187

Indiana ............................................................................................. 16,708 119 16,589

Iowa ................................................................................................. 5,552 94 5,458

Kansas............................................................................................. 5,994 39 5,955

Kentucky .......................................................................................... 22,676 64 22,612

Louisiana.......................................................................................... 27,105 126 26,979

Maine ............................................................................................... 2,859 16 2,843

Maryland .......................................................................................... 13,278 43 13,235

Massachusetts................................................................................. 15,739 516 15,223

Michigan........................................................................................... 33,568 134 33,434

Minnesota ........................................................................................ 8,455 81 8,374

Mississippi........................................................................................ 18,526 44 18,482

Missouri............................................................................................ 16,122 70 16,052

Montana........................................................................................... 1,779 9 1,770

Nebraska.......................................................................................... 3,295 24 3,271

Nevada............................................................................................. 3,844 94 3,750

New Hampshire ............................................................................... 1,564 18 1,546

New Jersey ...................................................................................... 19,405 59 19,346

New Mexico ..................................................................................... 5,418 41 5,377

New York.......................................................................................... 65,942 189 65,753

North Carolina.................................................................................. 28,999 176 28,823

North Dakota.................................................................................... 879 10 869

Ohio ................................................................................................. 40,263 256 40,007

Oklahoma......................................................................................... 10,041 114 9,927

Oregon............................................................................................. 6,456 74 6,382

Pennsylvania.................................................................................... 39,952 165 39,787

Rhode Island.................................................................................... 3,222 14 3,208

South Carolina ................................................................................. 16,818 161 16,657

South Dakota ................................................................................... 1,966 9 1,957

Tennessee........................................................................................ 20,475 160 20,315

Texas................................................................................................ 47,665 650 47,015

Utah ................................................................................................. 3,287 38 3,249

Vermont............................................................................................ 1,198 8 1,190

Virginia............................................................................................. 19,220 125 19,095

Washington ...................................................................................... 11,244 75 11,169

West Virginia.................................................................................... 7,334 58 7,276

Wisconsin......................................................................................... 14,312 65 14,247

Wyoming ......................................................................................... 885 4 881

Other:

Northern Mariana Islands............................................................. 144 4 140
7.B SSI: State Data

CONTACT: Clark Pickett (410) 965-9016 for further information.

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 285

Table 7.B9.—Number of federally administered awards, by category and age, 2000

 [Based on 10-percent sample]

State Total

Category Age

Aged Blind Disabled Under 18 18–64 65 or older

 Total ................................... 747,170 116,470 5,830 624,870 144,560 483,170 119,440

Alabama........................................ 18,030 1,810 30 16,190 3,110 13,100 1,820

Alaska ........................................... 1,650 290 20 1,340 230 1,120 300

Arizona.......................................... 11,500 1,290 120 10,090 2,120 8,030 1,350

Arkansas....................................... 8,970 800 50 8,120 2,050 6,110 810

California....................................... 106,030 30,940 1,350 73,740 14,660 59,580 31,790

Colorado ....................................... 5,640 960 60 4,620 960 3,720 960

Connecticut................................... 6,370 820 20 5,530 1,220 4,320 830

Delaware....................................... 2,030 230 . . . 1,800 500 1,290 240

District of Columbia....................... 2,270 200 30 2,040 700 1,370 200

Florida........................................... 51,550 9,090 260 42,200 13,220 29,030 9,300

Georgia ......................................... 23,910 2,830 130 20,950 4,770 16,250 2,890

Hawaii ........................................... 3,510 1,020 20 2,470 260 2,230 1,020

Idaho............................................. 2,830 280 30 2,520 570 1,980 280

Illinois............................................ 26,480 3,240 210 23,030 6,650 16,580 3,250

Indiana .......................................... 11,040 610 110 10,320 3,020 7,400 620

Iowa .............................................. 5,300 450 80 4,770 1,100 3,720 480

Kansas.......................................... 5,050 260 20 4,770 1,100 3,680 270

Kentucky ....................................... 19,070 1,390 100 17,580 3,930 13,700 1,440

Louisiana....................................... 16,330 1,610 130 14,590 3,990 10,680 1,660

Maine ............................................ 3,950 350 50 3,550 520 3,080 350

Maryland ....................................... 12,490 1,830 50 10,610 2,350 8,280 1,860

Massachusetts.............................. 18,750 3,020 120 15,610 3,110 12,600 3,040

Michigan........................................ 22,230 1,850 180 20,200 5,140 15,170 1,920

Minnesota ..................................... 7,910 1,230 70 6,610 1,690 4,980 1,240

Mississippi..................................... 13,570 1,370 80 12,120 3,220 8,960 1,390

Missouri......................................... 15,840 1,300 140 14,400 2,860 11,680 1,300

Montana........................................ 1,820 160 . . . 1,660 320 1,330 170

Nebraska....................................... 3,290 370 10 2,910 590 2,330 370

Nevada.......................................... 4,500 660 50 3,790 840 2,990 670

New Hampshire ............................ 1,830 120 . . . 1,710 270 1,440 120

New Jersey ................................... 17,380 3,780 90 13,510 3,080 10,460 3,840

New Mexico .................................. 5,240 750 40 4,450 920 3,570 750

New York....................................... 62,950 12,930 160 49,860 10,140 39,170 13,640

North Carolina............................... 22,390 2,720 100 19,570 4,290 15,270 2,830

North Dakota................................. 960 130 20 810 220 610 130

Ohio .............................................. 23,140 1,660 150 21,330 5,650 15,810 1,680

Oklahoma...................................... 7,920 770 100 7,050 1,580 5,550 790

Oregon.......................................... 7,000 800 20 6,180 1,140 5,060 800

Pennsylvania................................. 34,790 3,740 170 30,880 7,200 23,760 3,830

Rhode Island................................. 3,210 430 . . . 2,780 780 1,980 450

South Carolina .............................. 12,430 1,150 160 11,120 2,640 8,630 1,160

South Dakota ................................ 1,630 260 20 1,350 290 1,070 270

Tennessee..................................... 17,090 1,660 190 15,240 3,370 12,040 1,680

Texas............................................. 46,830 9,430 790 36,610 8,290 28,880 9,660

Utah .............................................. 2,530 270 10 2,250 670 1,590 270

Vermont......................................... 1,400 210 20 1,170 250 940 210

Virginia.......................................... 16,170 2,470 120 13,580 3,070 10,590 2,510

Washington ................................... 14,500 1,550 100 12,850 2,490 10,410 1,600

West Virginia................................. 6,620 420 20 6,180 1,080 5,100 440

Wisconsin...................................... 8,380 870 30 7,480 2,180 5,330 870

Wyoming ...................................... 790 70 . . . 720 130 590 70

Other:

Northern Mariana Islands.......... 80 20 . . . 60 30 30 20
7.C SSI: Benefit Distributions

CONTACT: Arthur Kahn (410) 965-0186 for further information.

286 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Table 7.C1.—Number and percentage distribution of adult individuals and persons under age 18 receiving federal SSI 

payments, by category and monthly amount, December 2000

Monthly amount Total

Adult individuals

Blind and disabled,

Aged Blind Disabled under age 18

Total number .................................... 5,814,369 955,013 61,892 3,952,985 844,479

Total percent .................................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Less than $50.00 ........................................ 9.5 16.0 9.4 9.3 2.4

$50.00–$99.99............................................ 7.1 12.1 6.6 7.1 1.1

$100.00–$149.99........................................ 5.5 10.5 5.2 5.1 1.4

$150.00–$199.99........................................ 4.5 8.3 4.5 4.2 1.6

$200.00–$249.99........................................ 4.3 6.7 5.1 4.2 1.9

$250.00–$299.99........................................ 3.3 5.1 3.3 3.1 2.4

$300.00–$349.99........................................ 7.3 10.6 8.6 6.6 6.4

$350.00–$399.99........................................ 2.3 1.9 2.3 2.0 4.3

$400.00–$449.99........................................ 2.2 1.3 1.8 1.7 5.5

$450.00–$499.99........................................ 2.1 0.9 1.7 1.6 6.3

$500.00–$511.99 ........................................ 0.5 0.2 0.4 0.4 1.2

$512.001 .....................................................

1 Individuals living in their own household with no countable income were eligible for a federal SSI payment of $512 in Calendar Year 2000.

51.5 26.4 51.3 54.6 65.5

Table 7.C2.—Number and percentage distribution of couples receiving federal SSI payments, by category and monthly 

amount, December 2000

Monthly amount Total Aged Blind Disabled

Total number ................................................ 253,023 120,624 2,733 129,666

Total percent ................................................ 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Less than $50.00 .................................................... 4.7 5.2 3.8 4.3

$50.00–$99.99........................................................ 5.2 5.5 3.9 4.9

$100.00–$149.99.................................................... 5.2 5.2 4.6 5.2

$150.00–$199.99.................................................... 5.1 5.0 4.3 5.2

$200.00–$249.99.................................................... 4.6 4.2 4.3 5.0

$250.00–$299.99.................................................... 4.3 3.4 4.3 5.2

$300.00–$349.99.................................................... 4.0 2.8 4.2 5.1

$350.00–$399.99.................................................... 3.2 2.6 3.9 3.7

$400.00–$449.99.................................................... 2.5 2.2 2.8 2.7

$450.00–$499.99.................................................... 2.1 1.8 2.0 2.4

$500.00–$549.99.................................................... 6.2 9.8 4.7 2.9

$550.00–$599.99.................................................... 1.5 1.3 1.9 1.8

$600.00–$649.99.................................................... 1.2 1.1 1.7 1.3

$650.00–$699.99.................................................... 1.2 1.3 1.1 1.1

$700.00–$749.99.................................................... 1.1 1.3 0.8 0.8

$750.00–$768.99.................................................... 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.3

$769.001 .................................................................

1 Couples living in their own household with no countable income were eligible for a federal SSI payment of $769 in Calendar Year 2000.

47.5 47.0 51.2 47.9
7.D SSI: Other Income Sources

CONTACT: Arthur Kahn (410) 965-0186 for further information.

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 287

Table 7.D1.—Persons receiving both federally administered payments and other income, average monthly amount of 

income, by source, category, and age, December 2000 1

1 See the section SSI: History of Provisions for discussion of income.

Source of income

Category Age

Total Aged Blind Disabled Under 18 18–64 65 or older 2

2 Includes approximately 18,800 blind and 702,700 disabled persons aged 65 or older.

Total number................................................... 6,601,686 1,289,339 78,511 5,233,836 846,784 3,744,022 2,010,880

Number with income

Social Security benefits............................................ 2,383,275 762,410 27,060 1,593,805 61,268 1,133,537 1,188,470

Other unearned income ........................................... 769,756 241,550 8,819 519,387 146,296 306,723 316,737

Earned income......................................................... 293,500 19,816 5,568 268,116 3,704 259,708 30,088

Percent with income

Social Security benefits............................................ 36.1 59.1 34.5 30.5 7.2 30.3 59.1

Other unearned income ........................................... 11.7 18.7 11.2 9.9 17.3 8.2 15.8

Earned income......................................................... 4.4 1.5 7.1 5.1 0.4 6.9 1.5

Average monthly income

Social Security benefits............................................ $399.44 $398.87 $412.92 $399.49 $181.85 $416.84 $394.07

Other unearned income ........................................... 128.23 99.88 114.24 141.65 188.02 129.11 99.76

Earned income......................................................... 308.59 278.18 546.96 305.89 363.49 316.98 229.42
7.D SSI: Other Income Sources 

CONTACT: Arthur Kahn (410) 965-0186 for further information.

288 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Table 7.D2.—Percent of persons receiving both federally administered payments and Social Security benefits, average 

monthly amount of benefits, by category, age, and state, December 2000

State

Percent with Social Security benefits Average monthly Social Security benefit

Total

Category Age

Total

Category Age

Aged Blind

DisabledUnder

18 18–64

65 or

older Aged Blind Disabled

Under

18 18–64

65 or

older

 Total 1 .............

 1 Includes recipients not distributed by state.

36.1 59.1 34.5 30.5 7.2 30.3 59.1 $399.44 $398.87 $412.92 $399.49 $181.85 $416.84 $394.07

Alabama..................... 43.6 87.0 42.4 34.9 9.8 34.3 80.3 380.60 384.75 369.89 378.62 176.18 399.15 377.71

Alaska ........................ 31.1 43.0 35.0 28.5 6.9 29.9 44.8 376.52 330.05 367.65 391.12 156.77 411.57 328.97

Arizona....................... 33.6 61.2 25.4 28.3 7.0 28.2 60.2 368.64 355.25 345.45 374.64 174.64 399.24 350.10

Arkansas.................... 45.6 89.7 36.7 36.8 9.9 36.3 83.3 381.97 394.30 360.92 376.17 176.89 394.90 384.74

California.................... 37.5 46.5 36.6 33.3 5.4 32.4 48.6 456.77 434.65 486.83 469.86 212.15 486.79 439.20

Colorado .................... 36.6 58.2 28.6 32.3 7.1 32.7 59.8 385.35 386.22 373.03 385.16 179.35 399.34 378.89

Connecticut................ 30.7 44.4 24.9 28.3 7.9 28.2 47.4 376.62 360.30 347.46 381.37 168.94 396.63 361.85

Delaware.................... 34.6 68.6 33.3 30.1 7.3 33.0 67.0 400.51 398.41 383.82 401.35 185.40 422.44 393.93

District of Columbia.... 28.3 66.8 26.3 22.8 5.9 20.6 61.5 380.95 376.74 394.40 382.57 212.67 405.33 371.74

Florida........................ 34.8 52.4 32.6 28.8 7.8 31.6 52.1 375.15 370.34 373.46 378.11 182.08 399.85 368.97

Georgia ...................... 41.6 78.3 34.6 33.8 7.3 32.5 74.1 388.70 393.95 371.20 386.38 188.46 403.36 385.65

Hawaii ........................ 31.6 38.5 28.6 28.1 5.0 27.4 40.3 405.71 374.02 456.54 427.20 196.69 444.91 376.51

Idaho.......................... 36.8 80.0 29.7 32.1 7.9 34.3 77.2 385.01 397.48 376.59 381.59 170.47 394.25 391.37

Illinois......................... 23.7 41.9 24.3 20.9 5.8 20.7 43.4 371.61 369.19 370.16 372.36 178.77 387.95 368.17

Indiana ....................... 32.6 76.0 30.2 28.6 7.3 30.9 70.7 377.73 390.00 379.24 374.73 164.26 389.38 383.38

Iowa ........................... 39.6 74.3 40.0 35.2 7.6 36.9 72.3 394.48 404.19 379.91 392.25 164.69 402.99 396.68

Kansas....................... 36.3 67.2 30.3 32.7 8.3 34.9 65.3 385.81 395.89 357.07 383.68 168.53 397.75 388.10

Kentucky .................... 35.9 83.9 33.6 30.1 9.4 28.3 75.1 369.91 378.24 351.14 367.29 162.77 384.81 368.50

Louisiana.................... 36.2 81.1 35.5 28.2 7.8 26.9 74.0 368.31 377.63 354.23 363.83 186.99 380.93 370.28

Maine ......................... 45.4 88.0 42.3 40.1 12.1 39.1 82.8 393.24 410.38 377.84 388.64 146.90 399.79 399.66

Maryland .................... 29.5 47.3 30.1 25.6 6.2 25.7 49.6 383.14 377.14 390.79 385.48 207.01 402.21 375.06

Massachusetts........... 38.4 59.7 42.2 29.9 9.5 32.9 58.8 441.10 445.55 459.59 436.69 181.79 448.29 446.14

Michigan..................... 30.2 60.3 31.0 27.0 7.1 27.5 60.8 396.59 402.53 388.65 395.32 174.91 409.71 397.75

Minnesota .................. 33.1 54.9 26.6 29.0 6.6 30.8 53.6 378.64 384.33 353.01 376.90 169.05 387.99 378.79

Mississippi.................. 44.6 88.7 41.6 35.2 9.4 33.8 80.6 375.05 381.56 357.22 371.79 175.36 392.64 372.74

Missouri...................... 38.6 77.9 37.1 33.4 8.6 34.0 73.1 379.59 391.44 371.32 376.06 165.27 390.36 381.46

Montana..................... 39.6 80.3 36.0 35.2 7.9 35.7 76.5 392.48 402.39 345.13 390.52 180.65 403.32 388.66

Nebraska.................... 40.4 74.6 35.6 36.0 7.8 38.9 70.9 394.05 403.06 369.92 391.97 166.47 405.63 392.94

Nevada....................... 34.5 60.3 36.3 24.4 5.7 29.5 59.6 421.29 426.12 447.64 415.18 183.20 429.06 425.71

New Hampshire ......... 38.1 69.7 33.6 35.2 12.0 36.0 69.4 390.47 375.34 370.65 393.57 151.14 410.39 380.03

New Jersey ................ 32.9 43.9 35.6 29.5 7.2 30.4 46.6 400.51 389.14 394.44 405.75 201.63 423.47 389.45

New Mexico ............... 40.1 73.5 30.2 32.2 7.1 30.0 69.2 365.83 360.33 353.90 369.02 195.23 388.01 355.56

New York.................... 31.9 45.5 36.7 27.8 6.4 26.9 47.0 426.41 417.95 424.79 430.48 187.03 453.75 412.45

North Carolina............ 45.6 85.4 36.2 37.0 8.5 37.1 79.0 380.49 387.88 368.19 376.92 177.20 397.41 377.31

North Dakota.............. 46.7 80.9 37.5 39.9 7.4 40.7 74.7 375.85 386.50 307.27 372.29 165.95 382.25 376.22

Ohio ........................... 27.0 62.8 27.8 24.2 6.6 24.3 61.2 368.27 378.84 367.66 366.09 168.59 378.67 373.56

Oklahoma................... 39.0 80.3 31.8 31.7 7.0 31.0 73.9 376.95 389.17 363.19 371.64 185.64 384.73 379.11

Oregon....................... 35.4 57.6 31.4 31.9 6.1 33.2 58.5 390.27 395.20 345.60 389.44 186.38 399.24 387.22

Pennsylvania.............. 32.7 66.5 33.4 27.7 7.2 27.3 63.2 407.47 428.70 399.88 399.94 176.68 416.55 412.85

Rhode Island.............. 40.9 65.7 43.8 35.9 8.1 36.7 64.1 431.11 448.78 404.95 424.94 174.11 439.76 433.82

South Carolina ........... 42.0 86.4 36.6 33.5 7.9 32.8 78.7 377.62 382.06 359.58 375.76 190.16 393.53 375.03

South Dakota ............. 42.3 75.1 35.5 36.1 7.9 38.7 70.4 373.23 400.50 361.10 362.60 153.86 376.86 383.43

Tennessee.................. 40.8 85.4 32.4 33.6 8.1 31.9 76.8 378.28 385.68 355.85 375.42 177.18 391.38 375.66

Texas.......................... 42.9 69.7 31.8 32.4 5.5 30.5 69.1 368.54 364.38 354.92 372.40 203.34 390.13 360.73

Utah ........................... 30.0 50.1 22.2 27.7 5.5 30.4 50.8 378.11 370.63 310.22 380.54 185.03 391.52 367.87

Vermont...................... 50.4 89.0 50.4 44.8 10.5 44.1 83.4 424.73 436.40 400.71 421.66 162.98 433.78 424.64

Virginia....................... 39.1 64.8 33.6 33.3 7.9 33.8 64.4 379.40 384.65 369.57 377.16 173.85 393.70 377.65

Washington ................ 28.9 36.9 27.6 27.6 6.0 28.0 42.1 400.57 392.44 382.51 402.57 181.11 416.36 386.29

West Virginia.............. 32.7 82.4 29.7 28.5 9.7 26.4 70.2 371.75 387.26 358.32 368.09 160.39 381.34 374.12

Wisconsin................... 35.4 69.5 29.9 30.9 6.7 33.1 66.8 386.38 396.57 382.78 383.41 172.54 394.41 391.95

Wyoming ................... 39.0 82.3 37.7 34.3 8.4 36.5 78.5 387.48 410.34 412.75 381.28 182.82 392.41 398.35

Other:

Northern Mariana 

Islands.................... 28.3 51.7 26.3 21.2 0.7 29.0 47.0 265.04 243.05 221.00 283.47 374.00 288.83 240.34
7.E SSI: Recipient Characteristics

CONTACT: Clark Pickett (410) 965-9016 for further information.

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 289

Table 7.E2.—Number and percentage distribution of federally administered awards, by sex, age, and category, 2000

[Based on 10-percent sample]

Age and sex Total

Adults

Blind and

disabled children 1

1 Includes students aged 18–21.

Aged Blind Disabled

All persons

Total number .................................... 747,170 116,470 4,910 477,490 148,300

Total percent .................................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Male ............................................................ 49.4 36.1 50.5 48.5 62.7

Female........................................................ 50.6 63.9 49.5 51.5 37.3

Under 5 ....................................................... 8.4 . . . . . . . . . 42.2

5–9.............................................................. 5.3 . . . . . . . . . 26.9

10–14.......................................................... 4.1 . . . . . . . . . 20.9

15–17.......................................................... 1.5 . . . . . . . . . 7.5

18–21.......................................................... 4.9 . . . 13.4 6.8 2.6

22–29.......................................................... 5.3 . . . 10.4 8.2 . . .

30–39.......................................................... 12.1 . . . 15.5 18.8 . . .

40–49.......................................................... 17.2 . . . 20.8 26.7 . . .

50–59.......................................................... 19.1 . . . 25.9 29.6 . . .

60–64.......................................................... 6.1 . . . 9.0 10.0 . . .

65–69.......................................................... 8.8 54.7 1.6 . . . . . .

70–74.......................................................... 3.1 19.5 .4 . . . . . .

75–79.......................................................... 1.9 12.0 1.2 . . . . . .

80 or older................................................... 2.2 13.8 1.8 . . . . . .

Male

Total number .................................... 369,060 42,010 2,480 231,550 93,020

Total percent .................................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Under 5 ....................................................... 10.0 . . . . . . . . . 39.8

5–9.............................................................. 7.5 . . . . . . . . . 29.7

10–14.......................................................... 5.4 . . . . . . . . . 21.4

15–17.......................................................... 1.7 . . . . . . . . . 6.8

18–21.......................................................... 5.6 . . . 13.7 7.9 2.3

22–29.......................................................... 5.7 . . . 11.7 8.9 . . .

30–39.......................................................... 11.7 . . . 18.1 18.5 . . .

40–49.......................................................... 17.1 . . . 19.0 27.0 . . .

50–59.......................................................... 18.1 . . . 27.0 28.5 . . .

60–64.......................................................... 5.5 . . . 6.5 9.2 . . .

65–69.......................................................... 6.8 57.9 1.2 . . . . . .

70–74.......................................................... 2.4 20.8 .4 . . . . . .

75–79.......................................................... 1.4 12.0 1.2 . . . . . .

80 or older................................................... 1.1 9.3 1.2 . . . . . .

Female

Total number .................................... 378,110 74,460 2,430 245,940 55,280

Total percent .................................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Under 5 ....................................................... 6.7 . . . . . . . . . 46.1

5–9.............................................................. 3.2 . . . . . . . . . 22.2

10–14.......................................................... 2.9 . . . . . . . . . 20.0

15–17.......................................................... 1.3 . . . . . . . . . 8.6

18–21.......................................................... 4.2 . . . 13.2 5.6 3.1

22–29.......................................................... 5.0 . . . 9.1 7.6 . . .

30–39.......................................................... 12.5 . . . 12.8 19.0 . . .

40–49.......................................................... 17.3 . . . 22.6 26.3 . . .

50–59.......................................................... 20.1 . . . 24.7 30.7 . . .

60–64.......................................................... 6.6 . . . 11.5 10.7 . . .

65–69.......................................................... 10.8 53.0 2.1 . . . . . .

70–74.......................................................... 3.8 18.8 .4 . . . . . .

75–79.......................................................... 2.4 11.9 1.2 . . . . . .

80 or older................................................... 3.2 16.3 2.5 . . . . . .
7.E SSI: Recipient Characteristics 

CONTACT: Arthur Kahn (410) 965-0186 for further information.

290 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Table 7.E3.—Number and percentage distribution of persons receiving federally administered payments, by sex, age, and 

category, December 2000

Age and sex Total

Adults

Blind and disabled,

Aged Blind Disabled under age 18

All persons

Total number1 ..................................

1 Includes recipients not distributed by sex.

6,601,686 1,289,339 71,801 4,393,762 846,784

Total percent .................................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Male ............................................................ 41.5 29.0 42.7 40.8 63.7

Female........................................................ 58.5 71.0 57.3 59.2 36.3

Under 5 ....................................................... 2.0 . . . . . . . . . 15.7

5–9.............................................................. 3.6 . . . . . . . . . 28.3

10–14.......................................................... 4.6 . . . . . . . . . 36.2

15–17.......................................................... 2.5 . . . . . . . . . 19.8

18–21.......................................................... 3.4 . . . 5.9 5.1 . . .

22–29.......................................................... 7.0 . . . 11.1 10.3 . . .

30–39.......................................................... 11.2 . . . 15.5 16.6 . . .

40–49.......................................................... 14.3 . . . 17.2 21.1 . . .

50–59.......................................................... 14.0 . . . 16.1 20.8 . . .

60–64.......................................................... 6.8 . . . 7.9 10.1 . . .

65–69.......................................................... 7.8 15.5 7.3 7.0 . . .

70–74.......................................................... 7.9 25.2 6.6 4.4 . . .

75–79.......................................................... 6.5 24.8 4.9 2.4 . . .

80 or older................................................... 8.3 34.5 7.3 2.2 . . .

Male

Total number .................................... 2,736,497 374,455 30,660 1,792,241 539,141

Total percent .................................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Under 5 ....................................................... 2.8 . . . . . . . . . 14.2

5–9.............................................................. 5.7 . . . . . . . . . 28.9

10–14.......................................................... 7.3 . . . . . . . . . 37.2

15–17.......................................................... 3.9 . . . . . . . . . 19.6

18–21.......................................................... 4.7 . . . 7.2 7.1 . . .

22–29.......................................................... 8.8 . . . 13.9 13.2 . . .

30–39.......................................................... 12.9 . . . 18.9 19.4 . . .

40–49.......................................................... 14.8 . . . 19.0 22.2 . . .

50–59.......................................................... 12.4 . . . 15.1 18.7 .

60–64.......................................................... 5.8 . . . 7.2 8.8 . . .

65–69.......................................................... 6.2 18.8 6.1 5.4 . . .

70–74.......................................................... 6.1 29.4 4.8 3.0 . . .

75–79.......................................................... 4.3 25.3 3.6 1.3 . . .

80 or older................................................... 4.3 26.5 4.2 .9 . . .

Female

Total number .................................... 3,865,189 914,884 41,141 2,601,521 307,643

Total percent .................................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Under 5 ....................................................... 1.5 . . . . . . . . . 18.3

5–9.............................................................. 2.2 . . . . . . . . . 27.0

10–14.......................................................... 2.7 . . . . . . . . . 34.5

15–17.......................................................... 1.6 . . . . . . . . . 20.2

18–21.......................................................... 2.5 . . . 4.9 3.7 . . .

22–29.......................................................... 5.7 . . . 9.0 8.3 . . .

30–39.......................................................... 10.0 . . . 13.0 14.7 . . .

40–49.......................................................... 13.9 . . . 15.9 20.4 . . .

50–59.......................................................... 15.1 . . . 16.8 22.2 . . .

60–64.......................................................... 7.5 . . . 8.4 11.0 . . .

65–69.......................................................... 8.9 14.2 8.3 8.1 . . .

70–74.......................................................... 9.3 23.5 7.9 5.4 . . .

75–79.......................................................... 8.0 24.6 6.0 3.1 . . .

80 or older................................................... 11.1 37.7 9.7 3.1 . . .
7.E SSI: Recipient Characteristics

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 291

CONTACT: Arthur Kahn (410) 965-0186 for further information.

CONTACT: Arthur Kahn (410) 965-0186 for further information.

CONTACT: Lenna D. Kennedy (410) 965-9846 for further information.

Table 7.E4.—Number and percentage distribution of persons with representative payees receiving federally administered 

payments, by category and age, December 2000

Category and age

Number Percentage distribution

Total

With

representative

payee

Without

representative

payee Total

With

representative

payee

Without

representative

payee

Total ......................................................................... 6,601,686 2,223,203 4,378,483 100.0 33.7 66.3

Category:

Aged................................................................................ 1,289,339 47,978 1,241,361 100.0 3.7 96.3

Blind ................................................................................ 78,511 18,375 60,136 100.0 23.4 76.6

Disabled .......................................................................... 5,233,836 2,156,850 3,076,986 100.0 41.2 58.8

Age:

Under 18.......................................................................... 846,784 845,628 1,156 100.0 99.9 .1

18–64 .............................................................................. 3,744,022 1,225,786 2,518,236 100.0 32.7 67.3

65 or older ....................................................................... 2,010,880 151,789 1,859,091 100.0 7.5 92.5

Table 7.E5.—Number and percentage distribution of persons receiving federally administered payments, by category, age, 

and living arrangement, December 2000

Living arrangement 1

 1 As defined for determination of federal SSI payment standards.

Total

Category Age

Aged Blind2

 2 Includes 18,800 persons aged 65 or older.

Disabled3

 3 Includes 702,700 persons aged 65 or older.

Under 18 18–64 65 or older

Total number............................................................. 6,601,686 1,289,339 78,511 5,233,836 846,784 3,744,022 2,010,880

Total percent ............................................................. 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Own household................................................................ 93.8 90.9 92.2 94.5 95.5 94.4 91.9

Another’s household ........................................................ 4.1 7.1 5.2 3.3 3.0 3.7 5.2

Institutional care covered by Medicaid............................... 2.2 2.0 2.6 2.2 1.5 1.9 2.9

Table 7.E6.—Number of noncitizens receiving federally administered payments as a percent of SSI recipients, by 

category, 1982–2000

December

Total Aged Blind and disabled

Noncitizens

Percent of

total SSI Noncitizens

Percent of

total SSI Noncitizens

Percent of

total SSI

1982................................................................................. 127,900 3.3 91,900 5.9 36,000 1.6

1985................................................................................. 210,800 5.1 146,500 9.7 64,300 2.4

1986................................................................................. 244,300 5.7 165,300 11.2 79,000 2.8

1987................................................................................. 282,500 6.4 188,000 12.9 94,500 3.2

1988................................................................................. 320,300 7.2 213,900 14.9 106,400 3.5

1989................................................................................. 370,300 8.1 245,700 17.1 124,600 4.0

1990................................................................................. 435,600 9.0 282,400 19.4 153,200 4.6

1991................................................................................. 519,660 10.2 329,690 22.5 189,970 5.2

1992................................................................................. 601,430 10.8 372,930 25.4 228,500 5.6

1993................................................................................. 683,150 11.4 416,420 28.2 266,730 5.9

1994................................................................................. 738,140 11.7 440,000 30.0 298,140 6.2

1995................................................................................. 785,410 12.1 459,220 31.8 326,190 6.3

1996................................................................................. 724,990 11.0 417,360 29.5 307,630 5.9

1997................................................................................. 650,830 10.0 367,200 27.0 283,630 5.5

1998................................................................................. 669,630 10.2 364,980 27.4 304,650 5.8

1999................................................................................. 684,930 10.4 368,330 28.2 316,600 6.0

2000................................................................................. 692,590 10.5 364,470 28.3 328,120 6.2
7.F SSI: Disability

CONTACT: Stella M. Coleman (410) 965-0157 for further information.

292 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Table 7.F1.—Number and percentage distribution of blind and disabled persons under age 65 receiving federally 

administered payments and not transferred from prior state programs, by diagnostic group, December 2000

Diagnostic group

Number Percentage distribution

Total

Aged 18–64 Under age 18,

blind and

disabled Total

Aged 18–64 Under age 18,

blind and

Blind Disabled Blind Disabled disabled

Total .............................................................. 4,590,806 51,019 3,693,003 846,784 . . . . . . . . . . . .

Diagnosis available ......................................... 4,130,574 43,268 3,277,781 809,525 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Infectious and parasitic diseases............................. 73,510 127 70,402 2,981 1.8 .3 2.1 .4

Neoplasms............................................................... 51,491 91 42,355 9,045 1.2 .2 1.3 1.1

Endocrine, nutritional, and metabolic diseases........ 178,184 562 171,197 6,425 4.3 1.3 5.2 .8

Diseases of blood and blood-forming organs .......... 26,002 9 13,580 12,413 .6 (1)

1 Less than 0.05 percent.

2 Beginning in 2000, approximately 60,000 persons previously shown under "Other" are now shown under "Mental disorders (other than mental retardation)".

 .4 1.5

Mental disorders (other than mental retardation)2 ... 1,419,469 399 1,160,250 258,820 34.4 .9 35.4 32.0

Mental retardation.................................................... 1,059,769 848 792,772 266,149 25.7 2.0 24.2 32.9

Diseases of the—

Nervous system and sense organs...................... 371,211 39,419 237,929 93,863 9.0 91.1 7.3 11.6

Circulatory system................................................ 188,069 777 182,952 4,340 4.6 1.8 5.6 .5

Respiratory system .............................................. 107,490 43 82,528 24,919 2.6 .1 2.5 3.1

Digestive system .................................................. 34,017 18 30,380 3,619 .8 (1) .9 .4

Genitourinary system ........................................... 42,280 152 39,638 2,490 1.0 .4 1.2 .3

Skin and subcutaneous tissue ............................. 6,385 20 5,503 862 .2 (1) .2 .1

Musculoskeletal system ....................................... 334,879 155 326,964 7,760 8.1 .4 10.0 1.0

Congenital anomalies .............................................. 58,593 385 15,498 42,710 1.4 .9 .5 5.3

Injuries ..................................................................... 100,046 183 95,217 4,646 2.4 .4 2.9 .6

Other........................................................................ 79,179 80 10,616 68,483 1.9 .2 .3 8.5
 7.F SSI: Disability

CONTACT: Stella M. Coleman (410) 965-0157 for further information.

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 293

Table 7.F2.—Number and percentage distribution of blind and disabled persons under age 65 receiving federally 

administered payments, by diagnostic group, age, and sex, December 2000

Diagnostic group Total

Age

Under 5 5–12 13–17 18–21 22–29 30–39 40–49 50–59 60–64

Total

Total .............................................................. 4,590,806 132,860 424,321 289,603 226,792 461,731 741,315 941,481 925,044 447,659

Diagnosis available, number ........................... 4,130,574 123,515 404,943 281,067 221,005 432,575 671,816 821,644 788,622 385,387

Diagnosis available, percentage distribution ... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Infectious and parasitic diseases............................. 1.8 .3 .5 .2 .2 .8 3.1 3.3 1.8 1.1

Neoplasms............................................................... 1.2 1.6 1.2 .8 .9 .8 .7 1.2 1.8 2.0

Endocrine, nutritional, and metabolic diseases........ 4.3 1.3 .7 .7 .8 1.6 3.1 5.7 8.2 7.9

Diseases of blood and blood-forming organs .......... .6 1.6 1.7 1.3 1.2 .9 .5 .3 .2 .2

Mental disorders (other than mental retardation)1 ...

1 Beginning in 2000, approximately 60,000 persons previously shown under "Other" are now shown under "Mental disorders (other than mental retardation)".

34.4 16.9 36.1 32.7 24.4 29.1 38.0 44.4 34.2 23.5

Mental retardation.................................................... 25.7 7.8 31.2 46.4 49.9 45.7 33.0 18.6 10.7 6.9

Diseases of the—

Nervous system and sense organs...................... 9.0 12.0 12.6 10.0 14.4 12.0 9.2 7.1 6.4 6.1

Circulatory system................................................ 4.6 1.3 .5 .3 .6 .9 1.5 3.5 9.9 16.0

Respiratory system .............................................. 2.6 7.2 3.0 1.4 .7 .6 .8 1.7 4.5 6.1

Digestive system .................................................. .8 1.5 .3 .2 .2 .3 .6 1.2 1.3 1.1

Genitourinary system ........................................... 1.0 .4 .3 .3 .7 1.1 1.3 1.4 1.2 .9

Skin and subcutaneous tissue ............................. .2 .2 .1 .1 .1 .1 .2 .2 .2 .2

Musculoskeletal system ....................................... 8.1 .9 .9 1.1 1.2 1.9 4.1 7.9 16.4 24.5

Congenital anomalies .............................................. 1.4 14.0 4.7 2.2 1.9 1.2 .5 .2 .1 .1

Injuries ..................................................................... 2.4 .8 .5 .5 1.8 2.7 3.1 2.9 2.9 3.2

Other........................................................................ 1.9 32.3 5.7 1.9 .9 .4 .3 .3 .3 .2

Male

Total .............................................................. 2,166,214 76,607 278,006 184,542 129,291 241,667 353,127 403,775 339,894 159,305

Diagnosis available, number ........................... 1,951,874 71,380 265,856 179,052 126,045 226,362 320,264 347,403 281,131 134,381

Diagnosis available, percentage distribution ... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Infectious and parasitic diseases............................. 2.2 .3 .4 .2 .2 .8 4.0 4.7 2.8 1.5

Neoplasms............................................................... 1.1 1.5 1.0 .7 .9 .7 .6 1.0 1.9 2.2

Endocrine, nutritional, and metabolic diseases........ 2.1 1.2 .6 .5 .7 1.2 1.9 2.9 4.1 4.3

Diseases of blood and blood-forming organs .......... .7 1.6 1.5 1.1 1.0 .8 .4 .2 .1 .1

Mental disorders (other than mental retardation)..... 35.0 19.9 41.4 37.8 26.7 30.2 37.3 44.0 31.8 20.8

Mental retardation.................................................... 28.5 8.5 30.0 44.0 49.0 45.2 34.7 20.5 12.4 8.1

Diseases of the—

Nervous system and sense organs...................... 9.1 11.7 10.7 8.7 13.9 11.9 9.1 6.9 6.5 6.5

Circulatory system................................................ 4.3 1.2 .4 .2 .6 .8 1.5 3.8 12.5 19.6

Respiratory system .............................................. 2.3 8.0 2.9 1.4 .6 .4 .5 1.1 4.3 6.8

Digestive system .................................................. .8 1.5 .2 .2 .2 .3 .5 1.4 1.7 1.4

Genitourinary system ........................................... 1.0 .4 .3 .3 .6 1.1 1.3 1.6 1.5 1.0

Skin and subcutaneous tissue ............................. .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .2 .2

Musculoskeletal system ....................................... 5.9 .8 .7 .7 .8 1.3 3.2 7.0 15.2 22.5

Congenital anomalies .............................................. 1.5 12.9 3.8 1.8 1.7 1.1 .5 .2 .1 .1

Injuries ..................................................................... 3.1 .8 .5 .5 2.1 3.7 4.3 4.2 4.5 4.7

Other........................................................................ 2.2 29.4 5.4 1.8 .9 .5 .3 .3 .3 .2

Female

Total .............................................................. 2,424,592 56,253 146,315 105,061 97,501 220,064 388,188 537,706 585,150 288,354

Diagnosis available, number ........................... 2,178,700 52,135 139,087 102,015 94,960 206,213 351,552 474,241 507,491 251,006

Diagnosis available, percentage distribution ... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Infectious and parasitic diseases............................. 1.4 .3 .7 .3 .3 .9 2.3 2.2 1.3 .9

Neoplasms............................................................... 1.4 1.7 1.6 .9 .9 .8 .9 1.4 1.8 1.9

Endocrine, nutritional, and metabolic diseases........ 6.3 1.3 1.0 .9 1.0 2.0 4.3 7.9 10.4 9.8

Diseases of blood and blood-forming organs .......... .6 1.6 2.1 1.6 1.4 1.0 .5 .3 .2 .2

Mental disorders (other than mental retardation)..... 33.8 12.7 25.8 23.7 21.3 27.8 38.7 44.7 35.5 25.0

Mental retardation.................................................... 23.1 6.8 33.3 50.6 51.2 46.2 31.5 17.2 9.7 6.3

Diseases of the—

Nervous system and sense organs...................... 8.9 12.4 16.2 12.1 15.1 12.0 9.2 7.2 6.3 5.9

Circulatory system................................................ 4.8 1.5 .6 .4 .7 .9 1.5 3.3 8.4 14.0

Respiratory system .............................................. 2.9 6.1 3.1 1.5 .8 .8 1.2 2.2 4.5 5.7

Digestive system .................................................. .8 1.6 .4 .3 .3 .4 .7 1.1 1.0 .9

Genitourinary system ........................................... 1.0 .3 .3 .4 .8 1.1 1.3 1.2 1.1 .9

Skin and subcutaneous tissue ............................. .2 .2 .2 .1 .1 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2

Musculoskeletal system ....................................... 10.1 .9 1.3 1.7 1.7 2.4 4.9 8.6 17.1 25.5

Congenital anomalies .............................................. 1.3 15.5 6.5 3.0 2.1 1.3 .6 .2 .1 .1

Injuries ..................................................................... 1.8 .8 .7 .5 1.3 1.7 2.0 1.9 2.0 2.4

Other........................................................................ 1.6 36.2 6.4 2.0 .9 .4 .2 .3 .3 .2
7.F SSI: Disability

CONTACT: Clark Pickett (410) 965-9016 for further information.

294 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Table 7.F3.—Number of persons receiving special Supplemental Security Income payments and extended Medicaid 

coverage, for selected months, 1982–2000

Reporting month

Special SSI cash payments

(section 1619(a))

Continuation of Medicaid coverage only

(section 1619(b)) 1 

 1 Includes blind participants. For December 2000, of the 83,572 participants, 1,488 were blind.

Number

Percentage change

over prior report month Number

Percentage change

 over prior report month

December: 2 

 2 Data not available for December 1984, 1985, 1986.

1982 ................................................................................... 287 . . . 5,515 . . .

1983 ................................................................................... 392 . . . 5,165 . . .

1987 ................................................................................... 14,559 . . . 15,632 . . .

1988 ................................................................................... 19,920 36.8 15,625 . . .

1989 ................................................................................... 25,655 28.8 18,254 16.8

1990 ................................................................................... 13,994 -45.5 23,517 28.8

1991 ................................................................................... 15,531 11.0 27,264 15.9

1992 ................................................................................... 17,603 13.3 31,649 16.1

1993 ................................................................................... 20,028 13.8 35,299 11.5

1994 ................................................................................... 24,315 21.4 40,683 15.3

1995 ................................................................................... 28,060 15.4 47,002 15.5

1996 ................................................................................... 31,085 10.8 51,905 10.4

1997 ................................................................................... 34,673 11.5 57,089 10.0

1998 ................................................................................... 37,271 7.5 59,542 4.3

1999 ................................................................................... 25,528 -31.5 69,265 16.3

2000 ................................................................................... 27,542 7.9 83,572 20.7

1998

March..................................................................................... 34,637 -.1 54,639 -4.3

June ....................................................................................... 35,528 2.6 55,761 2.1

September ............................................................................. 37,216 4.8 58,183 4.3

December .............................................................................. 37,271 .1 59,542 2.3

1999

March..................................................................................... 39,457 5.9 63,431 6.5

June ....................................................................................... 23,304 -40.9 66,939 5.5

September ............................................................................. 23,914 2.6 70,580 5.4

December .............................................................................. 25,528 6.7 69,265 -1.9

2000

March..................................................................................... 25,055 -1.9 69,545 .4

June ....................................................................................... 25,837 3.1 77,782 11.8

September ............................................................................. 26,180 1.3 84,199 8.2

December .............................................................................. 27,542 5.2 83,572 -.7

Note: In January 1990, the SGA level was raised from $300 to $500 and section 1619(a) participants with earnings below $500 became eligible for regular SSI benefits rather 

than the special cash payments under section 1619(a). This is reflected in the decrease shown for 1990. In July 1999, the SGA level was further increased to $700, resulting in 

the decrease shown for June 1999.
7.F SSI: Disability

CONTACT: Clark Pickett (410) 965-9016 for further information.

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 295

Table 7.F4.—Number of persons receiving special Supplemental Security Income payments and extended Medicaid 

coverage, by age, sex, and types of earned and unearned income, December 2000

Selected characteristics

Special SSI cash payments

(section 1619(a))

Continuation of Medicaid coverage only

(section 1619(b))

Number Average earnings Number Average earnings

Total .............................................................................. 27,542 $945 83,572 $1,048

Age:

Under 18 ............................................................................ 282 880 356 1 (1)

 1 Data not available.

18–21 ................................................................................. 2,849 912 3,469 1,154

22–29 ................................................................................. 8,881 939 21,307 1,162

30–39 ................................................................................. 7,753 954 26,515 1,016

40–49 ................................................................................. 5,074 958 18,712 1,007

50–59 ................................................................................. 2,185 957 8,577 997

60–64 ................................................................................. 391 966 2,521 887

65 or older .......................................................................... 127 928 2,115 794

Sex:

Male ................................................................................... 15,132 953 45,082 1,076

Female ............................................................................... 12,410 936 38,490 1,015

Earned income: 2 

 2 Persons with more than one type are shown under each type.

Wages ................................................................................ 27,147 946 81,855 1,050

Self-employment ................................................................ 542 908 2,350 1,039

Earnings level:

Less than $400.00.............................................................. . . . . . . 11,500 268

$400.00–$499.00 ............................................................... . . . . . . 7,286 437

$500.00–$599.00 ............................................................... . . . . . . 7,852 528

$600.00–$699.00 ............................................................... . . . . . . 6,662 631

$700.00–$899.00 ............................................................... 11,679 795 8,263 778

$900.00–$1,199.00 ............................................................ 13,681 1,009 9,708 1,034

$1,200.00 or more.............................................................. 2,181 1,354 32,301 1,749

Unearned income: 2

None................................................................................... 24,385 949 30,452 1,528

Social Security ................................................................... 867 861 48,802 714

Other pensions................................................................... 45 894 639 892

Assistance based on need ................................................. 4 828 28 1,191

Interest, dividends, etc ....................................................... 1,687 951 5,525 923

Other .................................................................................. 695 893 3,850 1,140
7.F SSI: Disability

CONTACT: Clark Pickett (410) 965-9016 for further information.

296 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Table 7.F5.—Number of persons receiving special Supplemental Security Income payments and extended Medicaid 

coverage and average monthly earnings, by state, December 2000

State

Special SSI cash payments

(section 1619(a))

Continuation of Medicaid coverage only

(section 1619(b))

Number Average earnings Number Average earnings

Total .............................................................................. 27,542 $945 83,572 $1,048

Alabama................................................................................. 379 922 928 1,133

Alaska 1 .................................................................................

 1 Initial Medicaid determinations are made by the state after identification of potentially eligible persons by the Social Security Administration.

45 940 142 1,001

Arizona................................................................................... 304 931 966 1,063

Arkansas................................................................................ 264 924 862 989

California................................................................................ 4,525 1,039 7,267 1,295

Colorado ................................................................................ 316 929 1,167 1,045

Connecticut 1 ......................................................................... 248 899 1,172 916

Delaware................................................................................ 74 915 304 1,082

District of Columbia................................................................ 80 941 243 1,209

Florida.................................................................................... 1,181 907 3,423 1,047

Georgia .................................................................................. 631 902 1,956 1,017

Hawaii 1.................................................................................. 47 885 136 978

Idaho 1 ................................................................................... 131 910 488 904

Illinois 1 .................................................................................. 1,236 915 3,489 1,079

Indiana 1................................................................................. 493 923 1,884 924

Iowa ....................................................................................... 370 922 1,731 760

Kansas 1 ................................................................................ 252 919 1,031 890

Kentucky ................................................................................ 423 923 1,338 1,237

Louisiana................................................................................ 588 910 1,503 993

Maine ..................................................................................... 158 969 678 966

Maryland ................................................................................ 402 931 1,372 1,098

Massachusetts....................................................................... 1,019 963 3,534 1,159

Michigan................................................................................. 1,184 930 4,317 1,054

Minnesota 1............................................................................ 495 902 2,648 938

Mississippi.............................................................................. 323 916 1,025 1,137

Missouri 1 ............................................................................... 477 914 1,633 840

Montana................................................................................. 83 899 403 793

Nebraska 1 ............................................................................. 171 925 629 876

Nevada 1 ................................................................................ 113 935 354 1,091

New Hampshire 1................................................................... 92 932 441 956

New Jersey ............................................................................ 537 936 1,826 1,139

New Mexico ........................................................................... 147 910 496 966

New York................................................................................ 2,391 957 6,064 1,185

North Carolina........................................................................ 533 922 1,993 999

North Dakota 1 ....................................................................... 59 908 309 810

Ohio 1..................................................................................... 1,440 918 4,104 1,027

Oklahoma 1 ............................................................................ 215 921 769 913

Oregon 1 ................................................................................ 199 924 1,106 893

Pennsylvania.......................................................................... 1,303 933 3,700 980

Rhode Island.......................................................................... 110 966 441 1,034

South Carolina ....................................................................... 349 918 1,092 977

South Dakota ......................................................................... 100 909 508 813

Tennessee.............................................................................. 515 922 1,732 1,132

Texas...................................................................................... 1,179 913 3,898 990

Utah 1..................................................................................... 143 916 463 896

Vermont.................................................................................. 127 992 360 982

Virginia 1 ................................................................................ 575 926 1,666 980

Washington ............................................................................ 698 937 2,221 1,082

West Virginia.......................................................................... 144 929 490 1,166

Wisconsin............................................................................... 617 923 3,049 920

Wyoming................................................................................ 51 921 215 753

Other:

Northern Mariana Islands................................................... 6 909 6 779
 8.A Medicare: Trust Funds

CONTACT: John Wandishin (410) 786-6389 for further information.

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 297

Table 8.A1.—Hospital Insurance, 1966–2000

 [Amounts in millions]

Calendar

year

Receipts Expenditures

Trust

fund

assets

at end

Total of year

Payroll

taxes

Income

from

taxation

of

benefits

Transfers

from

Railroad

Retirement

account

Reimbursements from

general revenues for—

Premiums

from

 voluntary

enrollees

Interest on

investments

and other

income1

1 Other income includes recoveries of amounts reimbursed from the trust fund which are not obligations of the trust fund, receipts from the fraud and abuse control program,

and a small amount of miscellaneous income.

Total

Benefit

payments 2

2 Includes costs of Peer Review Organizations (beginning with the implementation of the Prospective Payment System on Oct. 1, 1983).

Administrative expenses

Uninsured

persons

Military

wage

credits Amount 3

3 Includes costs of experiments and demonstration projects. Beginning in 1997, includes fraud and abuse control expenses, as provided for by P.L. 104–91.

Percentage of

benefit

payments

1966....... $1,943 $1,858 . . . $16 $26 $11 . . . $32 $999 $891 $108 12.1 $944

1967....... 3,559 3,152 . . . 44 301 11 . . . 51 3,430 3,353 77 2.3 1,073

1968....... 5,287 4,116 . . . 54 1,022 22 . . . 74 4,277 4,179 99 2.4 2,083

1969....... 5,279 4,473 . . . 64 617 11 . . . 113 4,857 4,739 118 2.5 2,505

1970....... 5,979 4,881 . . . 66 863 11 . . . 158 5,281 5,124 157 3.1 3,202

1971....... 5,732 4,921 . . . 66 503 48 . . . 193 5,900 5,751 150 2.6 3,034

1972....... 6,403 5,731 . . . 63 381 48 . . . 180 6,503 6,318 185 2.9 2,935

1973....... 10,821 9,944 . . . 99 451 48 $2 278 7,289 7,057 232 3.3 6,467

1974....... 12,024 10,844 . . . 132 471 48 5 523 9,372 9,099 272 3.0 9,119

1975....... 12,980 11,502 . . . 138 621 48 7 664 11,581 11,315 266 2.4 10,517

1976....... 13,766 12,727 . . . 143 4(4)

4 No transfer was made in 1976 because of the change in transfer dates from December to March. The 1977 transfer was for benefits and administrative expenses during 

the 15–month period beginning July 1976 and ending September 1977.

141 9 746 13,679 13,340 339 2.5 10,605

1977....... 15,856 14,114 . . . 5(5)

5 No transfer was made in 1977 because of the change in transfer dates from August to June. The 1978 transfer was for contributions during the 15-month period beginning 

July 1976 and ending September 1977.

4 803 6 143

6 Includes $2 million in reimbursements from general revenues for costs arising from the granting of deemed wage credits to persons of Japanese ancestry who were 

interned during World War II.

12 784 16,019 15,737 283 1.8 10,442

1978....... 19,213 17,324 . . . 5 214 688 141 13 834 18,178 17,682 496 2.8 11,477

1979....... 22,825 20,768 . . . 191 734 141 16 975 21,073 20,623 450 2.2 13,228

1980....... 26,097 23,848 . . . 244 697 141 18 1,149 25,577 25,064 512 2.0 13,749

1981....... 35,725 32,959 . . . 276 659 207 22 1,603 30,726 30,342 384 1.3 18,748

1982....... 37,998 34,586 . . . 351 808 207 24 2,022 36,144 35,631 513 1.4 78,164

7 For 1982, assets exclude $12,437 million loaned to the OASI trust fund under the interfund borrowing provisions of the law. Repayments of $1,824 million and $10,613 

million were made in 1985 and 1986, respectively.

1983....... 44,570 37,259 . . . 358 878 8 3,456

8 The lump–sum general revenue transfer, as provided for by section 151 of P.L. 98–21.

27 2,593 39,877 39,337 540 1.4 12,858

1984....... 46,720 42,288 . . . 351 752 250 33 3,046 43,887 43,257 629 1.5 15,691

1985....... 51,397 47,576 . . . 371 766 9 -719

9 Includes the lump–sum general revenue adjustment of–$805 million, as provided for by section 151 of P.L. 98–21.

41 3,362 48,414 47,580 834 1.8 7 20,499

1986....... 59,267 54,583 . . . 364 566 91 43 3,619 50,422 49,758 664 1.3 7 39,957

1987....... 64,064 58,648 . . . 368 447 94 38 4,469 50,289 49,496 793 1.6 53,732

1988....... 69,239 62,449 . . . 364 475 80 41 5,830 53,331 52,517 815 1.6 69,640

1989....... 76,721 68,369 . . . 379 515 86 55 7,317 60,803 60,011 792 1.3 85,558

1990....... 80,372 72,013 . . . 367 413 10 -993

10 Includes the lump–sum general revenue adjustment of–$1,100 million, as provided for by section 151 of P.L. 98–21.

122 8,451 66,997 66,239 758 1.1 98,933

1991....... 88,839 77,851 . . . 352 605 89 432 9,510 72,570 71,549 1,021 1.4 115,202

1992....... 93,836 81,745 . . . 374 621 86 522 10,487 85,015 83,895 1,121 1.3 124,022

1993....... 98,187 84,133 . . . 400 367 81 675 11 12,531

11 Includes $1,805 million transfer from the Supplementary Medical Insurance (SMI) catastrophic coverage reserve fund, as provided for by P.L. 102–394.

94,391 93,487 904 1.0 127,818

1994....... 109,570 95,280 $1,639 413 506 80 907 10,745 104,545 103,282 1,263 1.2 132,844

1995....... 115,027 98,421 3,913 396 462 61 954 10,820 117,604 116,368 1,236 1.1 130,267

1996....... 124,603 110,585 4,069 401 419 12 -2,293

12 Includes the lump-sum general revenue adjustment of–$2,366 million, as provided for by section 151 of P.L. 98–21.

1,199 10,222 129,929 128,632 1,297 1.0 124,942

1997....... 130,154 114,670 3,558 419 481 70 1,319 9,637 139,452 137,762 1,690 1.2 115,643

1998....... 140,547 124,317 5,067 419 34 67 1,316 9,327 135,771 13 133,990

13 Includes monies transferred to the SMI trust fund for home health agency costs, as provided for by P.L. 105–33.

Note: Totals do not necessarily equal the sums of rounded components.

Source: 2001 Annual Report of the Board of Trustees of the Federal Hospital Insurance Trust Fund, table ll.D2, and analogous tables from earlier Annual Reports.

1,782 1.3 120,419

1999........ 151,597 132,306 6,552 430 652 71 1,447 10,139 130,632 13 128,766 1,866 1.4 141,385

2000........ 167,185 144,351 8,787 465 470 2 1,382 11,729 131,095 13 128,458 2,636 2.1 177,475
8.A Medicare: Trust Funds

CONTACT: Carter Warfield (410) 786-6396 for further information.

298 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Table 8.A2.—Supplementary Medical Insurance, 1966–2000

 [Amounts in millions]

Calendar

year

Receipts Expenditures Balance1

1 The financial status of the program depends on both the assets and the liabilities of the program.

Total

Premiums from participants

Government

contributions 2

2 General fund matching payments, plus certain interest–adjustment items.

Interest

and other

income 3

3 Other income includes recoveries of amounts reimbursed from the trust fund that are not obligations of the trust fund and other miscellaneous income.

Total

Benefit

payments

Administrative expenses

Trust fund

assets

at end

Total Aged Disabled Amount of year

Percentage of

benefit

payments

1966............. $324 $322 $322 . . . $0 $2 $203 $128 $75 58.6 $122

1967............. 1,597 640 640 . . . 933 24 1,307 1,197 110 9.2 412

1968............. 1,711 832 832 . . . 858 21 1,702 1,518 184 12.1 421

1969............. 1,839 914 914 . . . 907 18 2,061 1,865 196 10.5 199

1970............. 2,201 1,096 1,096 . . . 1,093 12 2,212 1,975 237 12.0 188

1971............. 2,639 1,302 1,302 . . . 1,313 24 2,377 2,117 260 12.3 450

1972............. 2,808 1,382 1,382 . . . 1,389 37 2,614 2,325 289 12.4 643

1973............. 3,312 1,550 1,491 $59 1,705 57 2,844 2,526 318 12.6 1,111

1974............. 4,124 1,804 1,664 140 2,225 95 3,728 3,318 410 12.4 1,506

1975............. 4,673 1,918 1,759 158 2,648 107 4,735 4,273 462 10.8 1,444

1976............. 5,977 2,060 1,878 183 3,810 107 5,622 5,080 542 10.7 1,799

1977............. 7,805 2,247 2,030 217 5,386 172 6,505 6,038 467 7.7 3,099

1978............. 9,056 2,470 2,221 248 6,287 299 7,755 7,252 503 6.9 4,400

1979............. 9,768 2,719 2,451 267 6,645 404 9,265 8,708 557 6.4 4,902

1980............. 10,874 3,011 2,707 304 7,455 408 11,245 10,635 610 5.7 4,530

1981............. 15,374 4 3,722

4 Section 708 of Title VII of the Social Security Act modified the provisions for the delivery of Social Security benefit checks when the regularly designated delivery day falls on 

a Saturday, Sunday, or legal public holiday. Delivery of benefit checks normally due January 1982 occurred on Dec. 31, 1981. Consequently, the SMI premiums withheld from 

the checks ($264 million) and the associated general revenue contributions ($883 million) were added to the SMI trust fund on D ec. 31, 1981. These amounts are excluded from 

the premium income and general revenue income for calendar year 1982.

4 3,356 4 366 4 11,291 361 14,028 13,113 915 7.0 5,877

1982............. 16,580 4 3,697 4 3,341 4 356 4 12,284 599 16,227 15,455 772 5.0 6,230

1983............. 19,824 4,236 3,845 391 14,861 727 18,984 18,106 878 4.8 7,070

1984............. 23,180 5,167 4,721 445 17,054 959 20,552 19,661 891 4.5 9,698

1985............. 25,106 5,613 5,105 508 18,250 1,243 23,880 22,947 933 4.1 10,924

1986............. 24,665 5,722 5,218 504 17,802 1,141 27,299 26,239 1,060 4.0 8,291

1987............. 31,844 5 7,409

5 Delivery of benefit checks normally due January 1988 occurred on Dec. 31, 1987. Consequently, the SMI premiums withheld from the checks ($692 million) and the 

associated general revenue contributions ($2,178 million) were added to the SMI trust fund on Dec. 31, 1987. These amounts are excluded from the premium income and 

general revenue income for calendar year 1988; see footnote 4.

5 6,747 5 661 5 23,560 875 31,740 30,820 920 3.0 8,394

1988............. 35,825 5 8,761 5 7,983 5 778 5 26,203 861 35,230 33,970 1,260 3.7 8,990

1989............. 6 44,349

6 Includes the impact of the Medicare Catastrophic Coverage Act of 1988 (P.L. 100–360).

6,7 12,263

7 Catastrophic coverage premiums–$1.5 billion–not distributed between aged and disabled enrollees are included in total.

9,793 993 30,852 6 1,234 6 39,783 38,294 6 1,489 3.9 6 13,556

1990............. 45,913 11,320 10,311 1,008 33,035 1,558 43,987 42,468 1,519 3.6 15,482

1991............. 51,224 11,934 10,846 1,088 37,602 1,688 48,877 47,336 1,541 3.3 17,828

1992............. 57,237 8 14,077

8 Delivery of benefit checks normally due January 1993 occurred on Dec. 31, 1992. Consequently, the SMI premiums withheld from the checks ($1,089 million) and the 

associated general revenue contributions ($3,175 million) were added to the SMI trust fund on Dec. 31, 1992. These amounts are excluded from the premium income and 

general revenue income for calendar year 1993; see footnote 4.

8 12,814 81,263 8 41,359 1,801 50,830 49,260 1,570 3.2 24,235

1993............. 57,679 814,193 8 12,731 81,462 8 41,465 2,021 57,784 9 55,784

9 Includes the impact of the transfer to the HI trust fund of the SMI catastrophic coverage reserve fund on Mar. 31, 1993, as specified in P.L. 102–394. Actual benefit 

payments for 1993 were $53,979 million and the amount transferred was $1,805 million.

2,000 3.7 24,131

1994............. 55,607 17,386 15,569 1,817 36,203 2,018 60,317 58,618 1,699 2.9 19,422

1995............. 60,306 19,717 17,651 2,066 39,007 1,582 66,599 64,972 1,627 2.5 13,130

1996............. 85,609 18,763 16,654 2,109 65,035 1,811 70,408 68,598 1,810 2.6 28,332

1997............. 81,924 19,289 17,079 2,210 60,171 2,464 74,124 72,757 1,368 1.9 36,131

1998............. 87,711 20,933 18,594 2,338 10 64,068 2,711 77,630 11 76,125 1,505 2.0 46,212

1999 ............. 80,902 10 18,967 10 16,604 10 2,362 10 59,095

10 Delivery of benefit checks normally due January 1999 occurred on Dec. 31, 1998. Consequently, the SMI premiums withheld from the checks ($1,512 million) and the 

associated general revenue contributions ($4,711 million) were added to the SMI trust fund on December 31, 1998. These amounts are excluded from the premium income and 

general revenue income for calendar year 1999; see footnote 4.

2,841 82,327 11 80,724

11Benefit payments less monies transferred from the HI trust fund for home health agency costs, as provided for by P.L. 105–33.

Note: Totals do not necessarily equal the sums of rounded components.

Source: 2001 Annual Report of the Board of Trustees of the Federal Supplementary Medical Insurance Fund, table ll.D2, analogous tables from earlier Annual

Reports, and unpublished Treasury reports.

1,603 2.0 44,787

2000............. 89,903 10 20,555 10 17,892 10 2,664 10 65,898 3,450 90,663 11 88,893 1,770 2.0 44,027
 8.B Medicare: Enrollment, Utilization, & Reimbursement

CONTACT: Maria Diacogiannis (410) 786-0178 for further information.

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 299

Table 8.B1.—Hospital Insurance and Supplementary Medical Insurance: Aged persons enrolled, served, and amount 

reimbursed, by type of coverage and service, 1967–1998 1

1 Data for persons enrolled as of July 1 are 100 percent and include Health Maintenance Organization (HMO) beneficiaries. Calendar year utilization for persons served and 

amounts reimbursed are inflated to represent 100 percent and exclude HMO services.

Type of coverage and service 1967 1975 1980 1990 1996 1997 1998

Average annual rate

change (percent),

1967–98

Persons enrolled (in thousands)

Hospital Insurance and/or Supplementary Medical Insurance.... 19,521 22,790 25,515 30,948 33,424 33,630 33,802 1.9

Hospital Insurance .................................................................. 19,494 22,472 25,104 30,464 33,022 33,237 33,410 1.9

Supplementary Medical Insurance.......................................... 17,893 21,945 24,680 29,685 31,984 32,164 32,308 2.1

Persons served (in thousands)

Hospital Insurance and/or Supplementary Medical Insurance.... 7,154 12,032 16,271 24,809 27,263 26,587 25,931 4.5

Hospital Insurance .................................................................. 3,960 4,963 6,024 6,367 7,139 7,360 6,840 1.9

Inpatient hospital ................................................................. 3,601 4,913 5,951 5,906 6,091 6,220 6,074 1.8

Skilled nursing services....................................................... 354 260 248 615 1,321 1,442 1,443 5.0

Home health services 2........................................................

2 The Balanced Budget Act of 1997, enacted on Aug. 5, 1997, specified that effective January 1998, coverage for the majority of home health services not associated with a 

hospital or skilled nursing facility will be transferred from the Hospital Insurance (HI) program to Supplementary Medical Insurance (SMI) program. The HI program will cover the 

first 100 home health agency visits following a hospital or skilled nursing facility stay of at least 3 days. From July 1981 to December 1997, home health agency services have 

been almost exclusively provided by the HI program. For more information, refer to the 1998 HI and SMI Trust Fund Reports.

126 329 675 1,818 3,290 3,483 32,641

3 Hospice utilization is combined in the Part A home health services.

11.1

Supplementary Medical Insurance.......................................... 6,523 11,762 16,099 24,687 27,113 26,237 25,605 4.8

Physicians' and other medical services............................... 6,415 11,396 15,627 24,193 26,432 25,707 25,083 4.8

Outpatient services.............................................................. 1,511 3,768 6,629 14,055 17,875 18,093 18,150 9.0

Home health services 2 ....................................................... 118 161 302 38 45 47 1,339 8.7

Persons served per 1,000 enrollees

Hospital Insurance and/or Supplementary Medical Insurance.... 367 528 638 802 816 791 767 2.6

Hospital Insurance .................................................................. 203 221 240 209 216 221 205 0

Inpatient hospital ................................................................. 185 219 237 94 185 187 182 -0.1

Skilled nursing services....................................................... 18 12 10 21 40 43 43 3.0

Home health services 2 ...................................................... 7 15 27 60 100 105 3 79 8.7

Supplementary Medical Insurance.......................................... 365 536 652 832 848 816 793 2.7

Physicians' and other medical services............................... 359 519 633 815 826 799 776 2.7

Outpatient services.............................................................. 77 172 269 474 559 563 562 7.1

Home health services 2 ...................................................... 7 7 12 1 1 241 6.3

Amount reimbursed (in millions)

Hospital Insurance and/or Supplementary Medical Insurance.... $4,239 $12,689 $29,134 $88,778 $145,322 $152,772 $146,355 13.0

Hospital Insurance .................................................................. 2,967 9,209 20,353 54,244 95,404 101,027 90,511 12.5

Inpatient hospital ................................................................. 2,659 8,840 19,583 48,952 71,191 73,237 71,899 12.0

Skilled nursing services....................................................... 274 233 331 1,886 9,157 10,831 11,074 13.6

Home health services 2 ...................................................... 26 136 440 3,406 15,056 16,960 3 7,538 24.5

Supplementary Medical Insurance.......................................... 1,272 3,481 8,871 34,533 49,918 51,744 55,844 13.9

Physicians' and other medical services............................... 1,224 3,050 7,361 27,379 36,865 38,206 38,685 12.6

Outpatient services.............................................................. 38 374 1,261 7,077 12,838 13,319 12,972 22.2

Home health services 2 ...................................................... 17 56 159 78 215 219 4,187 20.9

Amount reimbursed per person served

Hospital Insurance and/or Supplementary Medical Insurance.... $592 $1,055 $1,791 $3,578 $5,330 $5,746 $5,644 8.1

Hospital Insurance .................................................................. 749 1,855 3,379 8,520 13,363 13,726 13,233 10.4

Inpatient hospital ................................................................. 738 1,799 3,291 8,289 11,688 11,774 11,837 10.0

Skilled nursing services....................................................... 774 896 1,336 3,068 6,931 7,511 7,675 8.2

Home health services 2 ....................................................... 204 413 652 1,874 4,577 4,869 3 2,855 9.5

Supplementary Medical Insurance.......................................... 195 296 545 1,399 1,841 1,972 2,181 8.7

Physicians' and other medical services............................... 191 268 471 1,132 1,395 1,486 1,542 7.5

Outpatient services.............................................................. 25 99 190 503 718 736 715 12.3

Home health services 2 ....................................................... 145 347 526 2,033 4,815 4,606 3,126 11.2

Amount reimbursed per enrollee

Hospital Insurance and/or Supplementary Medical Insurance.... $217 $557 $1,142 $2,869 $4,348 $4,543 $4,330 10.9

Hospital Insurance .................................................................. 152 410 811 1,781 2,899 3,040 2,709 10.4

Inpatient hospital ................................................................. 137 394 780 1,607 2,156 2,203 2,152 10.0

Skilled nursing services....................................................... 14 11 13 62 277 326 331 11.5

Home health services 2 ...................................................... 1 6 18 112 456 510 3 226 23.5

Supplementary Medical Insurance.......................................... 71 159 356 1,163 1,561 1,609 1,728 11.6

Physicians' and other medical services............................... 69 139 298 922 1,153 1,188 1,197 10.3

Outpatient services.............................................................. 2 17 51 238 401 414 402 20.1

Home health services 2 ....................................................... 1 2 6 3 7 7 130 18.3
8.B Medicare: Enrollment, Utilization, & Reimbursement 

CONTACT: Maria Diacogiannis (410) 786-0178 for further information.

300 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Table 8.B2.—Hospital Insurance and Supplementary Medical Insurance: Disabled persons enrolled, served, and amount 

reimbursed, by type of coverage and service, 1974–1998 1

1Data for persons enrolled as of July 1 are 100 percent and include Health Maintenance Organization (HMO) beneficiaries. Calendar year utilization for persons served and 

amounts reimbursed are inflated to represent 100 percent and exclude HMO services.

Type of coverage and service 1974 1975 1980 1990 1996 1997 1998

Average annual rate

change (percent),

1974–1998

Persons enrolled (in thousands)

Hospital Insurance and/ or Supplementary Medical Insurance... 1,928 2,168 3,171 3,255 4,640 4,815 5,023 4.4

Hospital Insurance .................................................................. 1,928 2,168 3,171 3,255 4,640 4,815 5,023 4.4

Supplementary Medical Insurance.......................................... 1,745 1,959 2,883 2,943 4,155 4,296 4,472 4.4

Persons served (in thousands)

Hospital Insurance and/ or Supplementary Medical Insurance... 792 975 2,287 2,390 3,476 3,547 3,641 7.2

Hospital Insurance .................................................................. 400 475 659 680 964 986 961 4.1

Inpatient hospital ................................................................. 397 472 628 644 868 887 899 3.8

Skilled nursing services....................................................... 8 8 23 23 63 73 75 10.7

Home health services 2 ......................................................

2The Balanced Budget Act of 1997, enacted on Aug. 5, 1997, specified that effective January 1998, coverage for the majority of home health services not associated with a 

hospital or skilled nursing facility will be transferred from the Hospital Insurance (HI) program to Supplementary Medical Insurance (SMI) program. The HI program will cover the 

first 100 home health agency visits following a hospital or skilled nursing facility stay of at least 3 days. From July 1981 to December 1997, home health agency services have 

been almost exclusively provided by the HI program. For more information, refer to the 1998 HI and SMI Trust Fund Reports.

15 22 105 122 293 304 3 225

3Hospice utilization is combined in the Part A home health services.

13.1

Supplementary Medical Insurance.......................................... 740 924 2,263 2,365 3,442 3,499 3,596 7.5

Physicians' and other medical services............................... 691 865 2,159 2,249 3,315 3,363 3,452 7.6

Outpatient services.............................................................. 296 399 1,415 1,496 2,407 2,510 2,619 10.4

Home health services 2 ....................................................... 9 13 4 (4)

4Sample population too small to yield valid calculated results.

(4) (4) (4) 131 12.9

Persons served per 1,000 enrollees

Hospital Insurance and/ or Supplementary Medical Insurance... 411 450 721 734 749 737 725 2.6

Hospital Insurance .................................................................. 208 219 208 209 208 205 191 -0.4

Inpatient hospital ................................................................. 206 218 198 198 187 184 179 -0.6

Skilled nursing services....................................................... 4 4 7 7 14 15 15 6.2

Home health services 2 ....................................................... 8 10 33 38 63 63 349 8.6

Supplementary Medical Insurance.......................................... 424 471 785 804 828 814 804 3.0

Physicians' and other medical services............................... 396 442 749 764 798 783 772 3.1

Outpatient services.............................................................. 170 204 491 508 579 584 586 5.8

Home health services 2 ....................................................... 5 7 (4) (4) (4) (4) 29 8.3

Amount reimbursed (in millions)

Hospital Insurance and/ or Supplementary Medical Insurance... $1,049 $1,509 $10,364 $11,239 $22,647 $23,796 $23,855 15.3

Hospital Insurance .................................................................. 694 987 6,253 6,694 13,790 14,383 13,624 14.5

Inpatient hospital ................................................................. 681 968 5,936 6,346 11,848 12,177 12,342 14.1

Skilled nursing services....................................................... 7 9 143 85 464 564 603 22.5

Home health services 2 ....................................................... 6 10 173 264 1,478 1,641 3678 28.4

Supplementary Medical Insurance.......................................... 355 522 4,111 4,545 8,858 9,414 10,231 16.5

Physicians' and other medical services............................... 206 295 2,623 2,831 5,125 5,474 5,749 16.3

Outpatient services.............................................................. 145 221 1,488 1,714 3,733 3,940 3,994 16.3

Home health services 2 ....................................................... 3 5 (4) (4) (4) (4) 488 (4)

Amount reimbursed per person served

Hospital Insurance and/ or Supplementary Medical Insurance... $1,324 $1,548 $4,531 $4,703 $6,515 $6,710 $6,552 7.5

Hospital Insurance .................................................................. 1,735 2,077 9,482 9,847 14,306 14,582 14,170 10.0

Inpatient hospital ................................................................. 1,714 2,051 9,455 9,849 13,649 13,731 13,722 9.9

Skilled nursing services....................................................... 936 1,049 6,107 3,702 7,336 7,785 8,066 10.3

Home health services 2 ....................................................... 399 478 1,645 2,156 5,052 5,395 33,014 9.6

Supplementary Medical Insurance.......................................... 479 565 1,817 1,922 2,574 2,691 2,845 8.4

Physicians' and other medical services............................... 298 341 1,215 1,259 1,546 1,628 1,666 8.1

Outpatient services.............................................................. 490 554 1,051 1,146 1,551 1,569 1,525 5.3

Home health services 2 ....................................................... 345 420 230 517 1,235 1,046 3,732 11.4

Amount reimbursed per enrollee

Hospital Insurance and/ or Supplementary Medical Insurance... $544 $696 $3,268 $3,453 $4,881 $4,942 $4,749 10.4

Hospital Insurance .................................................................. 360 455 1,972 2,057 2,972 2,987 2,712 9.6

Inpatient hospital ................................................................. 353 446 1,872 1,950 2,553 2,529 2,457 9.2

Skilled nursing services....................................................... 4 4 45 26 100 117 120 16.7

Home health services 2 ....................................................... 3 5 55 81 319 341 3135 18.9

Supplementary Medical Insurance.......................................... 208 266 1,426 1,544 2,132 2,191 2,288 11.5

Physicians' and other medical services............................... 118 151 910 962 1,233 1,247 1,285 11.5

Outpatient services.............................................................. 83 113 516 582 898 917 893 11.4

Home health services 2 ....................................................... 2 3 (4) (4) (4) (4) 109 19.9
 8.B Medicare: Enrollment, Utilization, & Reimbursement

CONTACT: Maria Diacogiannis (410) 786-0178 for further information.

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 301

Table 8.B3.—Hospital Insurance and Supplementary Medical Insurance: Number of enrollees, by state, 

July 1, 1980–2000

 [In thousands]

Census division

and state

Aged

1980 1990 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000

Total ....................................................................................... 25,515 30,948 33,142 38,064 33,630 33,802 33,929 34,347

United States 1 ..........................................................................

1

25,027 30,350 32,492 37,269 32,958 33,120 33,240 33,635

New England..................................................................................... 1,506 1,734 1,816 2,067 1,826 1,827 1,829 1,840

Connecticut................................................................................ 362 436 455 457 456 456 456 458

Maine......................................................................................... 142 165 174 176 177 178 179 181

Massachusetts........................................................................... 715 795 825 828 828 827 826 830

New Hampshire......................................................................... 103 126 139 140 142 143 145 147

Rhode Island ............................................................................. 125 145 149 149 149 148 148 148

Vermont ..................................................................................... 59 68 72 73 74 74 75 76

Middle Atlantic................................................................................... 4,496 5,084 5,267 5,903 5,262 5,259 5,264 5,276

New Jersey................................................................................ 851 1,006 1,058 1,062 1,063 1,064 1,065 1,069

New York ................................................................................... 2,128 2,280 2,328 2,325 2,320 2,320 2,334 2,340

Pennsylvania ............................................................................. 1,516 1,798 1,881 1,883 1,878 1,874 1,865 1,867

East North Central ............................................................................ 4,462 5,224 5,500 6,261 5,523 5,527 5,526 5,556

Illinois......................................................................................... 1,238 1,401 1,446 1,444 1,441 1,440 1,437 1,439

Indiana....................................................................................... 579 685 725 728 730 732 732 737

Michigan .................................................................................... 916 1,101 1,177 1,183 1,188 1,191 1,194 1,204

Ohio........................................................................................... 1,162 1,387 1,471 1,475 1,476 1,476 1,474 1,482

Wisconsin .................................................................................. 567 650 683 686 687 689 689 694

West North Central ........................................................................... 2,186 2,424 2,510 2,808 2,514 2,515 2,513 2,526

Iowa........................................................................................... 387 422 432 431 430 429 427 427

Kansas....................................................................................... 304 337 348 348 348 348 347 348

Minnesota.................................................................................. 479 544 570 573 575 577 579 584

Missouri ..................................................................................... 639 706 733 734 734 735 734 739

Nebraska ................................................................................... 205 221 228 228 228 227 227 228

North Dakota ............................................................................. 81 91 94 94 93 93 93 93

South Dakota............................................................................. 91 102 106 106 106 106 106 107

South Atlantic.................................................................................... 4,179 5,536 6,091 7,070 6,250 6,307 6,330 6,450

Delaware ................................................................................... 59 80 90 92 93 95 96 98

District of Columbia ................................................................... 71 71 70 68 67 67 66 65

Florida........................................................................................ 1,579 2,174 2,396 2,434 2,460 2,477 2,473 2,513

Georgia...................................................................................... 499 636 700 710 721 730 736 755

Maryland.................................................................................... 381 496 542 549 554 559 562 572

North Carolina ........................................................................... 588 786 878 892 906 917 925 945

South Carolina........................................................................... 279 383 428 435 443 449 454 466

Virginia....................................................................................... 490 645 714 724 733 742 748 764

West Virginia ............................................................................. 233 264 274 274 273 272 270 272

East South Central............................................................................ 1,613 1,887 2,000 2,437 2,028 2,035 2,041 2,071

Alabama .................................................................................... 428 508 541 546 549 551 553 561

Kentucky.................................................................................... 402 459 482 484 486 487 488 493

Mississippi ................................................................................. 280 313 325 327 328 328 328 332

Tennessee ................................................................................. 503 607 652 659 665 669 672 685

West South Central........................................................................... 2,363 2,880 3,120 3,632 3,187 3,211 3,232 3,286

Arkansas.................................................................................... 303 343 356 357 358 357 358 360

Louisiana ................................................................................... 380 460 488 491 494 495 495 499

Oklahoma .................................................................................. 361 412 432 433 434 435 436 440

Texas ......................................................................................... 1,318 1,665 1,845 1,874 1,901 1,924 1,943 1,987

Mountain ........................................................................................... 1,043 1,490 1,726 2,013 1,806 1,839 1,863 1,919

Arizona ...................................................................................... 295 456 536 551 562 573 577 597

Colorado.................................................................................... 244 324 367 376 383 389 395 404

Idaho.......................................................................................... 95 121 134 136 138 140 142 145

Montana..................................................................................... 85 106 114 116 116 117 118 119

Nevada ...................................................................................... 65 128 172 180 188 195 200 213

New Mexico............................................................................... 114 160 182 186 190 193 196 201

Utah........................................................................................... 108 147 168 171 174 176 178 183

Wyoming.................................................................................... 38 47 54 54 55 56 57 57

Pacific ............................................................................................... 3,157 4,082 4,444 5,060 4,548 4,586 4,630 4,704

Alaska........................................................................................ 11 22 28 29 31 32 33 35

California ................................................................................... 2,346 2,990 3,241 3,286 3,320 3,348 3,385 3,439

Hawaii........................................................................................ 74 118 138 141 144 146 148 151

Oregon....................................................................................... 300 390 422 425 426 428 429 434

Washington................................................................................ 426 562 614 622 627 632 635 645

Residence unknown.......................................................................... 22 10 18 16 15 14 12 5

Outlying areas................................................................................... 270 344 383 391 398 404 404 426

Puerto Rico................................................................................ 263 337 367 375 381 393 403

Virgin Islands............................................................................. 4 6888899

Other.......................................................................................... 3 1 8 8 9 9 214

Foreign countries .............................................................................. 217 254 268 271 275 277 280 286

See footnotes at end of table.
8.B Medicare: Enrollment, Utilization, & Reimbursement

CONTACT: Maria Diacogiannis (410) 786-0178 for further information.

302 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Table 8.B3.—Hospital Insurance and Supplementary Medical Insurance: Number of enrollees, by state, 

July 1, 1980–2000–Continued

 [In thousands]

Census division

and state

Disabled

1980 1

1 Represents beneficiaries of 50 states, District of Columbia and those with residence unknown.

1990 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000

Total ....................................................................................... 2,963 3,255 4,393 4,640 4,815 5,023 5,212 5,273

United States 2 ..........................................................................

2 Data not available.

2,863 3,148 4,266 4,507 4,675 4,878 5,062 5,122

New England..................................................................................... 141 156 228 243 254 266 277 280

Connecticut................................................................................ 31 33 47 49 51 54 56 56

Maine......................................................................................... 16 18 27 29 31 33 35 36

Massachusetts........................................................................... 64 72 108 115 119 124 128 129

New Hampshire......................................................................... 9 11 17 19 20 21 22 23

Rhode Island ............................................................................. 14 14 19 20 21 22 23 23

Vermont ..................................................................................... 7 7 10 11 12 12 13 13

Middle Atlantic................................................................................... 493 473 603 633 657 685 713 715

New Jersey................................................................................ 91 86 110 115 119 124 130 130

New York ................................................................................... 237 229 302 319 331 346 360 359

Pennsylvania ............................................................................. 165 158 190 199 206 215 223 226

East North Central ............................................................................ 486 561 715 744 758 782 807 809

Illinois......................................................................................... 113 132 172 179 181 186 192 191

Indiana....................................................................................... 63 77 99 103 105 109 113 115

Michigan .................................................................................... 118 132 170 177 181 188 195 197

Ohio........................................................................................... 141 156 196 203 207 213 219 217

Wisconsin .................................................................................. 50 64 79 81 83 86 88 89

West North Central ........................................................................... 180 211 280 295 305 317 328 333

Iowa........................................................................................... 29 34 43 44 46 47 49 49

Kansas....................................................................................... 22 26 35 38 39 41 42 43

Minnesota.................................................................................. 35 44 60 63 64 67 69 70

Missouri ..................................................................................... 67 75 100 106 111 115 120 122

Nebraska ................................................................................... 14 16 22 23 24 24 25 26

North Dakota ............................................................................. 6 7 9 9 10 10 10 10

South Dakota............................................................................. 7 8 11 12 12 12 13 13

South Atlantic.................................................................................... 545 607 834 892 940 990 1,034 1,060

Delaware ................................................................................... 7 8 11 12 12 13 14 14

District of Columbia ................................................................... 8 7899999

Florida........................................................................................ 147 165 232 251 267 284 298 309

Georgia...................................................................................... 88 96 134 142 148 155 161 164

Maryland.................................................................................... 41 46 60 63 66 69 72 74

North Carolina ........................................................................... 91 106 149 159 168 178 186 191

South Carolina........................................................................... 51 59 81 87 92 96 101 103

Virginia....................................................................................... 68 77 105 111 117 122 128 130

West Virginia ............................................................................. 43 44 55 58 60 63 65 66

East South Central........................................................................... 246 287 397 422 441 462 480 488

Alabama .................................................................................... 63 74 101 108 113 118 123 125

Kentucky................................................................................... 62 75 105 112 117 123 128 130

Mississippi ................................................................................. 46 53 72 76 80 83 86 87

Tennessee ................................................................................. 76 85 119 127 132 138 143 146

West South Central........................................................................... 288 317 452 477 497 514 528 531

Arkansas................................................................................... 45 48 67 70 73 76 78 79

Louisiana ................................................................................... 63 71 93 97 99 101 103 102

Oklahoma ................................................................................. 41 39 56 60 63 65 67 68

Texas ........................................................................................ 139 159 236 251 262 272 280 282

Mountain ........................................................................................... 112 148 228 243 255 267 276 281

Arizona ...................................................................................... 34 42 66 71 74 78 81 84

Colorado................................................................................... 24 34 54 57 60 62 64 64

Idaho......................................................................................... 9 11 16 17 18 19 20 21

Montana..................................................................................... 9 12 16 16 17 17 18 18

Nevada ..................................................................................... 8 13 22 24 26 28 29 30

New Mexico............................................................................... 15 19 28 30 31 32 33 33

Utah........................................................................................... 9 13 20 21 21 22 23 23

Wyoming.................................................................................... 3 4777888

Pacific ............................................................................................... 367 388 529 556 569 593 618 624

Alaska........................................................................................ 2 3566677

California ................................................................................... 284 289 392 411 418 435 452 455

Hawaii........................................................................................ 7 9 11 12 12 13 14 14

Oregon....................................................................................... 31 34 47 49 51 53 55 57

Washington............................................................................... 43 53 74 79 82 86 90 91

Residence unknown.......................................................................... 4 2111111

Outlying areas................................................................................... 88 93 112 118 124 130 134 137

Puerto Rico................................................................................ 88 92 110 116 122 127 132 134

Virgin Islands............................................................................. (2) 1111111

Other.......................................................................................... (2) (2) (2) 11212

Foreign countries .............................................................................. 12 14 14 15 15 15 14 14
 8.B Medicare: Enrollment, Utilization, & Reimbursement

CONTACT: Maria Diacogiannis (410) 786-0178 for further information.

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 303

Table 8.B4.—Hospital Insurance and Supplementary Medical Insurance: Number of persons aged 65 or older enrolled, 

by age, sex, and race, selected years July 1, 1980–1999

 [In thousands]

Age, sex, and race 1980 1985 1990 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

Hospital and Supplementary Medical Insurance

Total ................................................................................... 25,515 28,176 30,948 33,142 33,424 33,630 33,802 33,929

Age:

65–69 ...................................................................................... 8,459 8,956 9,695 9,517 9,445 9,317 9,184 9,077

70–74 ...................................................................................... 6,756 7,441 7,951 8,756 8,745 8,737 8,725 8,656

75–79 ...................................................................................... 4,809 5,453 6,058 6,563 6,749 6,932 7,055 7,232

80–84 ...................................................................................... 3,081 3,463 3,957 4,470 4,554 4,619 4,707 4,735

85 or older ............................................................................... 2,410 2,861 3,286 3,837 3,930 4,025 4,130 4,229

Sex:

Men ......................................................................................... 10,268 11,282 12,416 13,434 13,583 13,701 13,806 13,900

Women.................................................................................... 15,247 16,894 18,532 19,708 19,841 19,929 19,996 20,029

Race:

White....................................................................................... 22,534 24,745 26,855 29,011 29,177 29,215 29,288 29,311

All other races ......................................................................... 2,257 2,585 3,114 3,253 3,374 3,139 3,259 4,431

Unknown ................................................................................. 724 846 979 878 873 1,276 1,255 187

Hospital Insurance

Total ................................................................................... 25,104 27,683 30,464 32,742 33,022 33,237 33,410 33,516

Age:

65–69 ...................................................................................... 8,302 8,818 9,565 9,411 9,342 9,222 9,093 8,984

70–74 ...................................................................................... 6,592 7,292 7,829 8,652 8,642 8,636 8,626 8,552

75–79 ...................................................................................... 4,731 5,315 5,947 6,483 6,666 6,847 6,968 7,138

80–84 ...................................................................................... 3,072 3,403 3,872 4,409 4,495 4,561 4,649 4,674

85 or older ............................................................................... 2,407 2,854 3,252 3,787 3,877 3,971 4,074 4,168

Sex:

Men ......................................................................................... 10,156 11,146 12,280 13,310 13,458 13,579 13,684 13,770

Women.................................................................................... 14,948 16,536 18,184 19,431 19,563 19,658 19,726 19,746

Race:

White....................................................................................... 22,244 24,424 26,591 28,822 28,992 29,036 29,111 29,131

All other races ......................................................................... 2,160 2,444 2,931 3,127 3,236 3,043 3,151 4,206

Unknown ................................................................................. 699 815 942 792 793 1,158 1,148 179

Supplementary Medical Insurance

Total ................................................................................... 24,680 27,311 29,686 31,742 31,984 32,164 32,308 32,403

Age:

65–69 ...................................................................................... 8,156 8,607 9,008 8,830 8,742 8,605 10,205 8,349

70–74 ...................................................................................... 6,570 7,277 7,740 8,430 8,412 8,402 6,649 8,315

75–79 ...................................................................................... 4,684 5,333 5,942 6,431 6,604 6,772 6,881 7,043

80–84 ...................................................................................... 2,981 3,381 3,879 4,392 4,476 4,541 4,627 4,651

85 or older ............................................................................... 2,289 2,712 3,118 3,659 3,751 3,845 3,946 4,042

Sex:

Men ......................................................................................... 9,868 10,852 11,758 12,694 12,818 12,919 13,007 13,079

Women.................................................................................... 14,813 16,459 17,927 19,048 19,166 19,245 19,302 19,324

Race:

White....................................................................................... 21,876 24,060 25,849 27,899 28,035 28,061 28,115 28,115

All other races ......................................................................... 2,114 2,441 2,910 3,028 3,136 2,914 3,020 4,126

Unknown ................................................................................. 691 810 927 815 813 1,190 1,173 162
8.B Medicare: Enrollment, Utilization, & Reimbursement

CONTACT: Maria Diacogiannis (410) 786-0178 for further information.

304 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Table 8.B5.—Hospital Insurance and Supplementary Medical Insurance: Number of disabled persons and persons with 

end stage renal disease under age 65 enrolled, by age, sex, and race, selected years July 1, 1980–1999

Age, sex, and race

1980 1990 1995 1998 1999

Total

End stage

renal disease

only Total

End stage

renal disease

only Total

End stage

renal disease

only Total

End stage

renal disease

only Total

End stage

renal disease

only

Hospital Insurance and Supplementary Medical Insurance

Total ...................... 2,963,175 28,334 3,255,007 64,692 4,393,294 70,526 5,022,817 77,395 5,211,634 67,058

Age:

Under 35 .................... 371,204 8,773 483,265 16,603 587,709 15,942 558,419 16,234 542,507 12,792

35–44 ......................... 369,460 5,188 654,957 14,159 973,328 15,149 1,093,963 16,350 1,117,360 14,222

45–54 ......................... 657,486 6,977 741,200 15,800 1,187,995 19,473 1,453,359 22,231 1,539,116 20,337

55–64 ......................... 1,565,025 7,396 1,375,585 18,130 1,644,262 19,962 1,917,076 22,580 2,012,651 19,707

Sex:

Men ............................ 1,870,558 14,547 2,042,944 33,647 2,627,807 36,279 2,885,653 40,371 2,959,769 35,798

Women....................... 1,092,617 13,787 1,212,063 31,045 1,765,487 34,247 2,137,164 37,024 2,251,865 31,260

Race:

White.......................... 2,422,253 19,232 2,480,767 35,638 3,216,249 34,418 3,622,218 35,791 3,734,108 28,574

All other races ............ 486,677 7,907 712,315 26,477 985,924 31,407 1,141,214 35,397 1,445,265 37,603

Unknown .................... 54,245 1,195 61,925 2,577 191,121 4,701 259,385 6,207 32,261 881

Hospital Insurance

Total ...................... 2,963,156 28,334 3,254,983 64,677 4,393,287 70,526 5,022,811 77,394 5,211,162 67,056

Age:

Under 35 .................... 371,199 8,773 483,262 16,601 587,709 15,942 558,417 16,234 542,400 12,792

35–44 ......................... 369,458 5,188 654,953 14,157 973,328 15,149 1,093,962 16,350 1,117,262 14,222

45–54 ......................... 657,483 6,977 741,193 15,794 1,187,993 19,473 1,453,356 22,230 1,539,006 20,337

55–64 ......................... 1,565,016 7,396 1,375,575 18,125 1,644,257 19,962 1,917,076 22,580 2,012,494 19,705

Sex:

Men ............................ 1,870,543 14,547 2,042,929 33,639 2,627,802 36,279 2,885,651 40,371 2,959,498 35,797

Women....................... 1,092,613 13,787 1,212,054 31,038 1,765,485 34,247 2,137,160 37,023 2,251,664 31,259

Race:

White.......................... 2,422,239 19,232 2,480,754 35,631 3,216,247 34,418 3,622,215 35,791 3,733,764 28,574

All other races ............ 486,672 7,907 712,304 26,469 985,919 31,407 1,141,213 35,397 1,445,139 37,601

Unknown .................... 54,245 1,195 61,925 2,577 191,121 4,701 259,383 6,206 32,259 881

Supplementary Medical Insurance

Total ...................... 2,719,226 27,046 2,943,480 58,912 3,942,452 63,189 4,472,463 66,777 4,637,088 62,633

Age:

Under 35 .................... 339,665 8,294 441,640 14,782 534,868 14,042 500,821 13,683 485,600 11,830

35–44 ......................... 337,146 4,963 586,537 12,567 869,845 13,121 968,782 13,473 988,378 13,045

45–54 ......................... 596,287 6,683 666,257 14,559 1,049,718 17,483 1,272,214 19,155 1,346,050 18,899

55–64 ......................... 1,446,128 7,106 1,249,046 17,004 1,488,021 18,543 1,730,646 20,466 1,817,060 18,859

Sex:

Men ............................ 1,694,569 13,887 1,833,959 30,338 2,346,940 32,122 2,556,481 34,249 2,620,171 33,092

Women....................... 1,024,657 13,159 1,109,521 28,574 1,595,512 31,067 1,915,982 32,528 2,016,917 29,541

Race:

White.......................... 2,218,176 18,458 2,236,781 32,347 2,882,893 30,531 3,220,156 30,160 3,315,154 26,658

All other races ............ 449,753 7,446 650,121 24,240 891,837 28,487 1,024,864 31,310 1,293,562 35,173

Unknown .................... 51,297 1,142 56,578 2,325 167,722 4,171 227,443 5,307 28,372 802
 8.B Medicare: Enrollment, Utilization, & Reimbursement

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 305

Table 8.B8—Hospital Insurance: Average covered charge per covered day of care in short-stay hospitals (1990–2000) and 

skilled nursing facilities (1975–2000), by state1

Census division and state 2

Short-stay hospitals

1990 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 20003

Total 4 ...................................................................... $1,090 $1,753 $1,908 $2,067 $2,235 $2,370 $2,533 $2,753

United States 5 ............................................................ 1,081 1,763 1,920 2,081 2,252 2,388 2,554 2,777

New England...................................................................... 988 1,567 1,763 1,915 2,050 2,149 2,284 2,427

Connecticut .................................................................. 1,177 1,801 2,013 2,207 2,336 2,442 2,522 2,598

Maine............................................................................ 927 1,460 1,645 1,826 1,949 2,005 2,140 2,323

Massachusetts ............................................................. 942 1,513 1,705 1,830 1,975 2,091 2,251 2,419

New Hampshire............................................................ 1,022 1,543 1,699 1,847 2,010 2,061 2,269 2,477

Rhode Island ................................................................ 851 1,413 1,638 1,818 1,923 2,046 2,172 2,309

Vermont........................................................................ 923 1,456 1,580 1,646 1,817 1,849 1,945 1,988

Middle Atlantic.................................................................... 943 1,550 1,704 1,849 2,082 2,272 2,480 2,734

New Jersey................................................................... 725 1,639 1,865 2,093 2,458 2,726 3,154 3,752

New York ...................................................................... 836 1,252 1,366 1,477 1,702 1,843 1,971 2,107

Pennsylvania................................................................ 1,236 1,925 2,109 2,251 2,402 2,628 2,806 2,993

East North Central ............................................................. 1,097 1,721 1,866 2,025 2,146 2,225 2,377 2,540

Illinois ........................................................................... 1,202 1,951 2,126 2,340 2,476 2,614 2,806 3,006

Indiana.......................................................................... 997 1,575 1,713 1,830 1,950 2,006 2,108 2,264

Michigan....................................................................... 1,193 1,756 1,881 2,014 2,124 2,178 2,292 2,443

Ohio.............................................................................. 1,030 1,599 1,730 1,872 1,985 2,050 2,233 2,348

Wisconsin..................................................................... 933 1,535 1,690 1,856 1,994 2,081 2,201 2,412

West North Central ............................................................ 1,052 1,677 1,831 1,988 2,111 2,235 2,400 2,628

Iowa.............................................................................. 902 1,453 1,573 1,726 1,821 1,831 1,953 2,120

Kansas ......................................................................... 1,093 1,752 1,957 2,105 2,212 2,203 2,377 2,577

Minnesota..................................................................... 1,132 1,794 1,938 2,108 2,243 2,457 2,651 2,898

Missouri........................................................................ 1,108 1,755 1,922 2,076 2,218 2,381 2,551 2,773

Nebraska...................................................................... 1,043 1,710 1,850 2,012 2,167 2,386 2,600 2,995

North Dakota ................................................................ 937 1,367 1,509 1,630 1,776 1,898 2,024 2,174

South Dakota................................................................ 915 1,396 1,518 1,649 1,760 1,806 1,919 2,156

South Atlantic..................................................................... 1,106 1,722 1,876 2,023 2,154 2,277 2,430 2,629

Delaware ...................................................................... 1,191 1,759 1,831 1,882 1,889 1,926 1,948 1,957

District of Columbia ...................................................... 1,374 1,960 2,129 2,267 2,417 3,061 3,178 3,318

Florida .......................................................................... 1,360 2,124 2,351 2,567 2,730 2,902 3,147 3,432

Georgia......................................................................... 1,081 1,594 1,744 1,881 2,020 2,144 2,323 2,513

Maryland....................................................................... 813 1,256 1,365 1,504 1,618 1,527 1,565 1,601

North Carolina .............................................................. 932 1,502 1,603 1,688 1,799 1,896 2,004 2,165

South Carolina.............................................................. 1,021 1,675 1,818 1,950 2,087 2,185 2,362 2,605

Virginia ......................................................................... 1,022 1,606 1,732 1,877 2,010 2,115 2,257 2,423

West Virginia ................................................................ 1,009 1,378 1,472 1,585 1,654 1,620 1,681 1,815

East South Central............................................................. 1,019 1,573 1,718 1,858 1,983 2,077 2,248 2,442

Alabama ....................................................................... 1,176 1,877 2,054 2,222 2,402 2,499 2,677 2,901

Kentucky....................................................................... 967 1,466 1,630 1,762 1,901 1,972 2,093 2,256

Mississippi.................................................................... 865 1,306 1,437 1,546 1,655 1,678 1,852 2,013

Tennessee.................................................................... 1,012 1,546 1,662 1,820 1,905 2,062 2,262 2,470

West South Central............................................................ 1,138 1,783 1,937 2,098 2,234 2,344 2,520 2,759

Arkansas ...................................................................... 923 1,382 1,511 1,649 1,744 1,776 1,974 2,182

Louisiana...................................................................... 1,180 1,794 1,926 2,056 2,179 2,275 2,451 2,718

Oklahoma..................................................................... 997 1,453 1,620 1,772 1,892 1,988 2,146 2,325

Texas............................................................................ 1,212 1,953 2,118 2,296 2,450 2,573 2,749 3,001

Mountain ............................................................................ 1,350 2,181 2,321 2,549 2,743 2,878 3,016 3,269

Arizona ......................................................................... 1,442 2,356 2,617 2,880 3,164 3,382 3,537 3,872

Colorado....................................................................... 1,308 2,225 2,240 2,434 2,504 2,673 3,047 3,382

Idaho ............................................................................ 1,140 1,789 1,951 2,115 2,303 2,201 2,328 2,467

Montana ....................................................................... 1,036 1,610 1,742 1,877 1,907 1,947 2,046 2,227

Nevada......................................................................... 2,031 2,967 3,253 3,492 3,858 4,017 3,973 4,295

New Mexico.................................................................. 1,140 1,766 1,913 2,081 2,302 2,254 2,410 2,525

Utah.............................................................................. 1,283 1,990 2,069 2,290 2,433 2,556 2,721 2,862

Wyoming ...................................................................... 1,094 1,765 1,985 2,110 2,269 2,122 2,257 2,365

Pacific ................................................................................ 1,651 2,708 2,877 3,074 3,339 3,574 3,818 4,216

Alaska........................................................................... 1,470 2,032 2,385 2,434 2,695 2,701 2,817 3,152

California ...................................................................... 1,794 2,960 3,156 3,371 3,679 3,931 4,228 4,690

Hawaii........................................................................... 1,224 2,242 2,319 2,484 2,599 2,803 2,941 2,964

Oregon ......................................................................... 1,275 1,905 1,987 2,135 2,290 2,358 2,481 2,708

Washington................................................................... 1,162 1,816 1,924 2,020 2,146 2,237 2,448 2,696

Outlying areas.................................................................... 510 686 739 794 842 832 894 944

Puerto Rico................................................................... 505 683 736 793 837 831 893 943

Virgin Islands................................................................ 746 854 843 831 1,068 870 922 1,008

See footnotes at end of table.
8.B Medicare: Enrollment, Utilization, & Reimbursement

CONTACT: Maria Diacogiannis (410) 786-0178 for further information.

306 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Table 8.B8—Hospital Insurance: Average covered charge per covered day of care in short-stay hospitals (1975–1998) and 

skilled nursing facilities (1975–2000), by state 1—Continued

1 Data for 1975 and 1980 are based on bills approved in each year and recorded in the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services before Dec. 29, 1995. Data from 1990–

2000 are based on bills incurred in each year and recorded before Dec. 29, 2000. Includes data for services rendered to both aged and disabled persons.

Census division and state 2

2Geographic distribution reflects the beneficiaries' area of residence.

Skilled nursing facilities

1975 1980 1990 1995 1997 1998 1999 2000 3

3Preliminary data.

Total 4 .....................................................................

4Excludes claims for persons residing in foreign countries.

 $43 $70 $193 $402 $487 $498 $425 $421

United States 5 ...........................................................

5 Includes claims for persons whose place of residence is unknown.

43 70 193 402 487 498 425 421

New England...................................................................... 50 77 172 347 435 448 395 397

Connecticut .................................................................. 35 51 165 314 391 412 364 366

Maine............................................................................ 52 100 274 308 373 381 361 388

Massachusetts ............................................................. 63 98 181 380 492 510 438 434

New Hampshire............................................................ 41 86 218 412 447 458 387 393

Rhode Island ................................................................ 43 59 129 265 331 337 341 348

Vermont........................................................................ 38 62 155 266 314 327 331 331

Middle Atlantic.................................................................... 50 73 168 308 368 391 378 385

New Jersey................................................................... 45 81 164 344 426 468 393 399

New York ...................................................................... 61 80 168 240 275 297 325 338

Pennsylvania................................................................ 40 65 170 373 475 492 443 442

East North Central ............................................................. 40 68 167 358 461 478 413 412

Illinois ........................................................................... 37 77 215 421 533 555 493 502

Indiana.......................................................................... 35 60 180 399 500 514 414 399

Michigan....................................................................... 45 60 130 270 373 396 357 360

Ohio.............................................................................. 41 69 157 375 473 486 422 419

Wisconsin..................................................................... 35 64 149 315 398 399 320 323

West North Central ............................................................ 45 82 194 367 433 452 421 427

Iowa.............................................................................. 46 84 269 406 469 473 442 440

Kansas ......................................................................... 39 66 255 461 524 533 504 505

Minnesota..................................................................... 46 94 125 245 276 286 273 286

Missouri........................................................................ 47 95 263 465 563 599 548 547

Nebraska...................................................................... 41 71 205 338 426 432 414 438

North Dakota ................................................................ 43 49 118 221 291 303 331 362

South Dakota................................................................ 33 61 160 270 287 306 287 292

South Atlantic..................................................................... 34 59 168 396 494 498 388 374

Delaware ...................................................................... 31 50 132 328 451 417 329 326

District of Columbia ...................................................... 34 64 193 389 498 529 447 413

Florida .......................................................................... 34 59 195 488 602 609 446 424

Georgia......................................................................... 34 71 146 346 446 437 344 327

Maryland....................................................................... 37 56 141 347 471 482 390 382

North Carolina .............................................................. 31 52 132 283 367 382 315 315

South Carolina.............................................................. 26 46 159 337 465 457 358 342

Virginia ......................................................................... 42 68 168 331 410 416 350 345

West Virginia ................................................................ 36 64 171 364 448 474 418 401

East South Central............................................................. 37 56 154 358 460 467 381 383

Alabama ....................................................................... 33 38 143 353 436 426 346 345

Kentucky....................................................................... 36 58 151 352 461 461 382 389

Mississippi.................................................................... 45 105 160 377 524 538 426 431

Tennessee.................................................................... 41 70 162 358 447 467 390 387

West South Central............................................................ 45 94 267 539 660 651 546 520

Arkansas ...................................................................... 44 84 238 372 468 501 458 464

Louisiana...................................................................... 43 83 374 683 753 759 726 667

Oklahoma..................................................................... 60 145 312 563 671 665 536 541

Texas............................................................................ 43 78 238 542 680 657 527 492

Mountain ............................................................................ 38 64 226 486 568 568 463 448

Arizona ......................................................................... 41 71 236 549 670 655 533 503

Colorado....................................................................... 42 73 266 538 584 588 480 462

Idaho ............................................................................ 27 46 152 381 465 457 373 360

Montana ....................................................................... 30 44 123 291 342 369 354 357

Nevada......................................................................... 37 66 232 569 721 744 559 564

New Mexico.................................................................. 57 122 267 488 589 582 528 509

Utah.............................................................................. 36 75 266 473 529 545 425 414

Wyoming ...................................................................... 36 49 208 379 467 433 392 398

Pacific ................................................................................ 45 81 269 576 651 667 551 554

Alaska........................................................................... 68 115 283 437 704 634 759 756

California ...................................................................... 46 87 287 629 709 728 604 610

Hawaii........................................................................... 49 83 217 467 505 508 425 457

Oregon ......................................................................... 40 63 207 421 496 465 376 371

Washington................................................................... 34 62 196 412 453 465 378 383

Outlying areas

Puerto Rico................................................................... 51 97 202 261 314 312 344 389

Virgin Islands................................................................ 43 104 171 370 433 474 315 461
8.B Medicare: Enrollment, Utilization, & Reimbursement

CONTACT: Maria Diacogiannis (410) 786-0178 for further information.

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 307

Table 8.B8.1.—Hospital Insurance: Short–stay hospital discharges, by state, fiscal years 1990–2000

State 1990 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000

Total ....................................... 10,472,587 11,124,165 11,122,070 11,503,279 11,680,874 11,749,394 11,952,088 11,912,079 11,659,885 11,664,041

Alabama........................................... 226,359 240,158 238,366 252,428 255,013 258,908 265,029 266,603 266,541 271,600

Alaska ............................................. 6,491 7,447 7,446 7,954 8,635 9,593 9,917 10,633 11,031 11,457

Arizona ............................................ 140,069 137,267 134,305 134,786 139,564 146,446 150,597 150,190 128,363 133,920

Arkansas ......................................... 143,363 146,789 141,228 152,452 152,516 154,626 157,920 160,379 160,880 162,522

California.......................................... 834,829 885,013 868,175 879,227 875,926 889,323 901,018 921,068 780,295 732,543

Colorado .......................................... 98,262 104,555 102,789 104,733 105,216 102,450 103,735 97,479 100,648 100,610

Connecticut...................................... 114,938 134,079 134,264 138,988 141,765 141,031 143,071 133,672 125,115 123,780

Delaware.......................................... 26,125 28,473 29,352 30,322 30,336 30,051 30,632 30,738 33,287 33,767

District of Columbia.......................... 36,062 37,616 37,612 39,306 39,526 38,661 38,508 38,661 38,693 38,723

Florida.............................................. 579,368 684,199 696,322 734,297 742,862 739,066 743,556 758,714 736,958 760,154

Georgia ............................................ 274,957 297,365 298,054 312,133 316,301 323,093 327,839 320,774 311,998 319,946

Hawaii .............................................. 26,340 28,944 29,107 31,077 32,526 32,939 34,795 33,331 26,347 25,654

Idaho................................................ 31,559 33,064 33,806 35,923 36,327 39,236 41,066 42,451 43,353 43,593

Illinois............................................... 460,926 522,431 517,848 531,390 533,238 524,936 538,476 531,184 539,314 550,348

Indiana ............................................. 254,404 266,239 267,841 278,602 276,601 278,303 287,615 289,743 289,693 294,997

Iowa ................................................. 141,191 144,375 144,717 146,352 146,448 148,724 151,815 154,152 155,497 158,268

Kansas............................................. 117,017 117,648 118,000 121,106 120,593 122,917 125,481 127,045 126,920 126,782

Kentucky .......................................... 199,042 207,091 206,131 219,042 222,162 224,322 231,081 231,352 237,553 241,392

Louisiana.......................................... 213,819 217,702 218,393 228,770 234,663 235,574 237,390 232,942 223,794 234,815

Maine ............................................... 54,963 61,022 61,205 62,904 63,013 64,361 66,278 67,895 68,128 68,384

Maryland .......................................... 179,835 196,433 198,735 206,778 214,989 211,265 204,988 195,489 199,012 206,587

Massachusetts................................. 286,332 311,500 315,864 314,727 310,455 299,734 293,217 280,333 268,179 261,591

Michigan........................................... 366,349 379,485 391,061 416,096 435,455 443,753 457,401 456,972 452,461 447,719

Minnesota ........................................ 170,808 184,743 180,515 175,255 178,018 181,315 187,164 192,488 194,935 198,576

Mississippi........................................ 142,662 148,049 148,737 157,119 162,934 170,698 181,599 185,149 181,575 181,548

Missouri............................................ 281,059 284,099 278,659 292,107 298,509 298,805 299,996 297,554 293,724 298,150

Montana........................................... 40,505 40,560 40,343 40,361 40,770 40,831 41,542 41,854 42,343 43,763

Nebraska.......................................... 69,299 69,270 66,847 68,982 70,113 72,975 75,630 77,188 76,841 76,349

Nevada............................................. 37,478 42,346 43,473 47,397 49,254 52,175 54,509 55,150 48,369 49,169

New Hampshire ............................... 39,103 40,913 40,515 41,737 42,746 43,834 44,758 42,918 42,054 45,266

New Jersey ...................................... 338,509 363,838 372,253 377,524 385,145 375,353 371,173 364,034 373,224 368,032

New Mexico ..................................... 50,391 48,520 48,373 47,576 50,334 49,758 53,329 52,913 51,459 50,585

New York.......................................... 723,060 753,389 760,012 779,941 797,453 796,965 798,611 787,116 777,269 743,953

North Carolina.................................. 267,370 287,899 294,295 312,494 336,173 353,297 369,667 385,533 395,004 401,234

North Dakota.................................... 37,543 38,447 36,848 37,344 37,014 36,807 38,272 38,332 38,847 39,343

Ohio ................................................. 527,006 535,508 534,017 557,927 562,234 565,237 562,603 541,958 533,499 529,912

Oklahoma......................................... 155,100 152,784 147,665 154,360 156,239 158,966 163,842 166,068 170,592 174,035

Oregon............................................. 106,164 109,871 106,863 106,454 105,878 106,901 111,656 111,028 100,569 90,934

Pennsylvania.................................... 685,403 748,226 758,360 768,866 766,535 731,542 728,572 692,290 664,002 630,150

Rhode Island.................................... 46,578 51,153 50,324 49,186 49,740 50,739 50,498 46,484 39,625 38,258

South Carolina ................................. 112,232 133,126 136,991 148,028 156,060 163,200 171,889 184,188 194,344 201,956

South Dakota ................................... 38,175 41,052 40,508 41,963 41,714 42,916 44,101 44,350 44,846 44,877

Tennessee........................................ 290,371 296,696 294,103 304,007 310,335 318,600 324,380 324,831 318,793 323,644

Texas................................................ 603,621 621,078 619,068 650,174 671,734 689,627 721,006 732,255 725,166 737,065

Utah ................................................. 39,963 40,931 41,057 42,199 43,819 45,418 44,513 45,698 48,898 52,504

Vermont............................................ 20,251 21,409 21,636 22,239 22,815 23,001 23,456 22,585 23,133 23,860

Virginia............................................. 240,165 255,222 251,676 267,259 271,620 274,285 285,721 286,752 289,195 293,689

Washington ...................................... 157,942 165,855 162,571 163,092 157,146 160,146 158,264 152,867 148,620 152,409

West Virginia.................................... 111,305 119,829 117,610 122,868 124,293 125,954 131,334 131,473 134,483 133,366

Wisconsin......................................... 217,727 223,501 220,189 225,486 227,774 226,898 232,721 233,103 233,432 235,466

Wyoming ......................................... 15,255 14,783 14,580 15,505 16,009 15,912 16,557 17,256 17,429 18,561

Outlying areas:

 Puerto Rico .................................... 93,436 100,607 101,422 104,129 111,950 115,410 120,547 123,752 130,209 135,096

 Virgin Islands ................................. 528 653 969 1,156 1,374 1,234 1,402 1,569 1,511 1,500

Unknown.......................................... 978 913 970 1,151 1,012 1,283 1,351 1,543 1,835 1,639

Note: Discharge data for fiscal year 2000 are preliminary as of December 2000.
8.B Medicare: Enrollment, Utilization, & Reimbursement

308 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Table 8.B9.—Supplementary Medical Insurance: Number of reimbursed bills, charges, and amount reimbursed, by type of 

service and type of beneficiary, 1992–2000

 [In thousands. Includes only bills for which reimbursements were made by carriers or intermediaries and

 recorded in Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services records before Mar. 31, 2001]

Period claim incurred 1 All services 2

Physicians’ services Outpatient

hospital

services

Independent

laboratory

services

Home

health

services 3

All

other

Total Surgical 4 Medical 4 services

Number of bills

Persons aged 65 or older:

1992 ......................................... 472,494 343,545 40,176 303,369 37,986 45,030 121 45,812

1993 ......................................... 507,057 358,766 39,489 319,277 40,806 48,141 160 59,184

1994 ......................................... 554,498 397,244 42,750 354,494 44,476 52,813 178 59,787

1995 ......................................... 578,104 406,868 44,896 361,972 48,063 53,175 213 69,785

1996 ......................................... 590,301 411,789 46,171 365,618 50,578 52,417 248 75,269

1997 ......................................... 600,228 418,826 46,517 372,309 52,364 49,917 245 78,876

1998 ......................................... 611,356 427,891 46,273 381,618 52,807 42,715 4,632 83,311

1999 ......................................... 6 486,296 429,299 45,496 383,803 51,498 5 (6) 5,499 (6)

2000 ......................................... 6 (7) (7) (7) (7) (7) (7) (7) (7)

Allowed charges5

1992 ......................................... 63,695,756 32,232,168 12,140,164 20,092,004 21,179,875 1,740,330 116,754 8,426,629

1993 ......................................... 69,049,184 33,544,901 11,836,033 21,708,868 24,340,137 1,833,058 177,712 9,153,376

1994 ......................................... 76,874,905 37,701,371 12,860,568 24,840,803 28,538,051 1,848,456 220,737 8,566,290

1995 ......................................... 84,326,192 39,754,224 13,734,383 26,019,841 31,783,721 1,802,712 288,350 10,697,185

1996 ......................................... 88,168,998 39,483,431 13,164,604 26,318,827 34,954,323 1,634,473 319,593 11,777,178

1997 ......................................... 92,881,137 40,445,669 12,953,005 27,482,664 37,660,773 1,490,450 334,328 12,949,917

1998 ......................................... 101,754,914 41,691,926 12,060,806 29,631,120 38,696,904 1,333,014 6,036,075 13,996,995

1999 ......................................... 105,351,394 43,673,233 12,071,308 31,601,925 40,098,944 1,262,050 6,847,578 13,469,589

2000 ......................................... 102,820,883 47,137,542 12,107,055 35,030,487 35,450,868 1,535,970 5,253,333 13,443,170

Amount reimbursed 8 7

1992 ......................................... 39,371,755 25,181,542 9,537,434 15,644,108 7,325,694 1,692,787 83,634 5,088,098

1993 ......................................... 41,833,132 26,286,843 9,316,793 16,970,050 8,085,002 1,786,035 125,662 5,549,590

1994 ......................................... 45,850,064 29,551,995 10,141,117 19,410,878 9,222,076 1,796,306 158,445 5,121,242

1995 ......................................... 49,727,101 31,117,304 10,833,801 20,283,503 10,090,122 1,751,375 206,543 6,561,757

1996 ......................................... 50,798,250 30,914,500 10,381,168 20,533,332 10,731,299 1,583,842 228,182 7,340,427

1997 ......................................... 52,430,354 31,682,203 10,218,372 21,463,831 11,206,086 1,440,418 233,845 7,867,802

1998 ......................................... 56,669,900 32,658,601 9,517,107 23,141,494 10,643,987 1,278,551 4,252,056 7,806,705

1999 ......................................... 58,084,084 34,349,529 9,517,348 24,832,181 10,324,977 1,207,160 4,817,709 7,384,709

2000 ......................................... 60,280,333 37,048,382 9,549,347 27,499,035 10,202,242 1,459,690 3,918,673 7,651,346

Number of bills

Disabled beneficiaries:

1992 ......................................... 52,565 33,951 3,142 30,809 7,809 4,731 1 6,073

1993 ......................................... 59,885 38,755 3,374 35,381 8,907 5,286 . . . 6,937

1994 ......................................... 70,089 46,364 3,859 42,505 10,107 6,753 . . . 6,865

1995 ......................................... 77,224 49,829 4,261 45,568 11,152 7,758 . . . 8,485

1996 ......................................... 82,908 53,010 4,594 48,416 12,068 8,193 1 9,636

1997 ......................................... 86,071 55,260 4,773 50,487 12,415 8,073 . . . 10,323

1998 ......................................... 89,890 58,244 4,991 53,253 12,639 6,776 475 11,756

1999 ......................................... 6 72,288 59,281 5,042 54,239 12,413 (6) 594 (6)

2000 ......................................... (7) (7) (7) (7) (7) (7) (7) (7)

Allowed charges 5

1992 ......................................... 9,149,564 3,338,315 1,006,996 2,331,319 4,314,700 187,936 2,373 1,306,239

1993 ......................................... 10,682,707 3,841,935 1,067,711 2,774,221 5,402,254 208,698 17 1,229,803

1994 ......................................... 12,561,482 4,659,517 1,231,331 3,428,186 6,543,312 247,559 63 1,110,031

1995 ......................................... 14,392,023 5,005,089 1,392,174 3,612,915 7,691,393 280,673 79 1,414,789

1996 ......................................... 15,900,771 5,168,435 1,401,271 3,767,164 8,680,992 284,031 194 1,767,119

1997 ......................................... 17,057,906 5,398,744 1,409,511 3,989,233 9,391,718 281,453 575 1,985,416

1998 ......................................... 18,720,517 5,821,159 1,400,856 4,420,303 9,539,962 252,450 717,092 2,389,854

1999 ......................................... 19,916,349 6,250,597 1,451,037 4,799,560 10,071,491 244,217 857,855 2,492,189

2000 ......................................... 19,567,132 6,813,109 1,467,276 5,345,833 9,254,910 278,107 675,373 2,545,633

See footnotes at end of table.
 8.B Medicare: Enrollment, Utilization, & Reimbursement

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 309

Amount reimbursed 8

1992 ......................................... 5,759,178 2,541,003 783,020 1,757,983 2,130,491 185,199 1,564 900,920

1993 ......................................... 6,500,244 2,927,640 831,482 2,096,162 2,521,822 204,857 16 845,905

1994 ......................................... 7,458,746 3,547,105 959,659 2,587,446 2,886,999 242,791 46 781,805

1995 ......................................... 8,407,923 3,791,099 1,088,307 2,702,792 3,331,529 275,955 52 1,009,288

1996 ......................................... 9,099,174 3,908,892 1,095,969 2,812,923 3,652,382 278,816 142 1,258,942

1997 ......................................... 9,590,902 4,093,188 1,103,023 2,990,165 3,838,798 276,051 454 1,383,411

1998 ......................................... 10,432,018 4,404,528 1,092,002 3,309,526 3,773,959 246,241 494,389 1,512,901

1999 ......................................... 10,932,394 4,746,000 1,133,434 3,612,566 3,822,307 237,960 588,574 1,537,553

2000 ......................................... 11,325,194 5,183,942 1,148,818 4,035,124 3,791,047 270,957 487,188 1,592,060

1 Period for which the claim incurred.

2 Included in total, but not shown separately, are some bills and charges for which type of service is unknown.

3 Due to Balanced Budget Act provisions, beginning in 1998 Part A now has a 100-visit limit and additional home health services will be billed under Part B. 4 Where both medical and surgical charges are included on a single bill, the highest–priced service is the determining factor in classifying the bill. 5 Includes physican or supplier allowed charges as determined by the carrier and amounts actually billed by providers for outpatient hospital and home health services.

6Data not available due to programmatic problems. Total for all services excluded independent laboratory services and all other services. 7 Data on the number of bills are no longer available.

8Amount reimbursed to or on behalf of the beneficiary–generally 80 percent of the allowed charges, once the beneficiary has satisfied the deductible in the current year. 

Some radiology and pathology services are reimbursed at a 100 percent rate, regardless of the beneficiary's deductible status. 

Table 8.B9.—Supplementary Medical Insurance: Number of reimbursed bills, charges, and amount reimbursed, by type of 

service and type of beneficiary, 1992–2000—Continued

 [In thousands. Includes only bills for which reimbursements were made by carriers or intermediaries and

 recorded in Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services records before Mar. 31, 2001]

Period claim incurred 1 All services 2

Physicians’ services Outpatient

hospital

services

Independent

laboratory

services

Home

health

services 3

All

other

Total Surgical services 4 Medical 4

CONTACT: Maria Diacogiannis (410) 786-0178 for further information.
8.B Medicare: Enrollment, Utilization, & Reimbursement

CONTACT: Maria Diacogiannis (410) 786-0178 for further information.

310 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 1999

Table 8.B10.—Supplementary Medical Insurance: Claims 

received by carriers and assignment rates, 1969–2000

Calendar year

Total number

of claims

(in thousands)

Net assignment

rate 1

(percent)

1 Represents the number of assigned claims as a percent of claims received.

1969............................... 37,542 61.5

1970............................... 42,148 60.8

1971............................... 46,572 58.5

1972............................... 51,041 54.9

1973............................... 57,007 52.7

1974............................... 68,307 51.9

1975............................... 79,980 51.8

1976............................... 91,624 50.5

1977............................... 105,339 50.5

1978............................... 117,886 50.6

1979............................... 132,098 51.3

1980............................... 150,048 51.5

1981............................... 167,154 52.3

1982............................... 182,440 53.0

1983............................... 204,122 53.9

1984............................... 238,362 59.0

1985............................... 279,559 68.5

1986............................... 306,714 68.0

1987............................... 346,551 73.1

1988............................... 386,763 77.3

1989............................... 421,305 79.7

1990............................... 474,226 81.1

1991............................... 517,123 83.1

1992............................... 554,619 86.2

1993............................... 583,863 90.1

1994............................... 622,514 92.8

1995............................... 647,855 94.7

1996............................... 678,030 95.9

1997............................... 688,891 96.7

1998............................... 697,523 97.3

1999............................... 703,227 97.6

2000............................... 720,493 97.9

Table 8.B11.—Supplementary Medical Insurance: 

Reasonable charge determination for claims assigned and 

unassigned for aged and disabled persons, 1971–2000

Claims approved Charges before reduction

Calendar year

Number

(in thousands)

Percent

reduced

Amount

(in millions)

Percent

reduced

Assigned claims

1971 ............... 25,919 44.5 $1,571 11.1

1972 ............... 26,798 47.5 1,630 10.9

1973 ............... 28,376 55.6 1,751 11.9

1974 ............... 33,295 64.5 2,194 14.3

1975 ............... 39,218 70.8 2,716 17.8

1976 ............... 44,065 74.3 3,261 19.9

1977 ............... 50,260 72.8 3,936 19.4

1978 ............... 56,493 73.6 4,678 19.9

1979 ............... 64,051 77.0 5,746 21.2

1980 ............... 73,068 80.8 7,303 22.7

19811 .............

1 Excludes Texas Blue-Shield plan for July–December 1981.

80,127 82.8 8,868 24.0

1982 ............... 91,615 83.3 11,315 24.3

1983 ............... 103,139 81.0 13,657 23.6

1984 ............... 128,559 80.8 16,571 25.4

1985 ............... 176,956 81.7 22,008 27.4

1986 ............... 191,139 82.8 24,662 28.4

1987 ............... 234,488 83.4 31,179 28.0

1988 ............... 271,225 85.6 37,275 29.8

1989 ............... 304,649 86.9 44,567 31.0

1990 ............... 341,220 87.5 51,012 32.9

1991 ............... 384,168 87.4 60,057 36.2

1992 ............... 412,924 86.2 67,667 39.7

1993 ............... 460,761 88.8 76,186 42.8

1994 ............... 508,981 87.7 85,170 42.5

1995 ............... 539,630 86.4 93,300 42.3

1996 ............... 550,587 87.1 97,744 44.9

1997 ............... 566,591 87.4 103,389 45.9

1998 ............... 575,799 87.9 106,947 46.9

1999 ............... 590,463 88.9 114,981 47.8

2000 ............... 615,862 87.9 126,391 47.7

Unassigned claims

1971 ............... 17,955 57.6 $1,348 12.5

1972 ............... 21,286 59.3 1,608 12.0

1973 ............... 24,691 66.4 1,886 12.6

1974 ............... 30,492 72.7 2,401 14.7

1975 ............... 36,182 77.4 2,973 17.7

1976 ............... 42,100 78.9 3,591 19.8

1977 ............... 48,619 77.1 4,233 19.0

1978 ............... 53,700 77.5 4,749 19.2

1979 ............... 59,961 80.9 5,596 20.7

1980 ............... 68,113 84.3 6,836 22.5

19811.............. 72,765 85.8 7,870 23.8

1982 ............... 80,253 85.4 9,545 23.9

1983 ............... 87,436 82.7 10,885 22.9

1984 ............... 88,594 83.7 11,216 24.2

1985 ............... 77,965 84.6 10,059 25.9

1986 ............... 87,121 85.0 10,757 26.9

1987 ............... 83,116 82.4 10,258 24.7

1988 ............... 76,503 86.4 9,005 25.0

1989 ............... 74,947 90.1 8,971 25.0

1990 ............... 77,746 90.4 8,789 25.3

1991 ............... 77,520 91.3 7,884 23.1

1992 ............... 66,403 82.9 6,215 18.5

1993 ............... 51,080 86.5 4,267 16.5

1994 ............... 39,364 86.4 3,255 16.3

1995 ............... 29,975 83.4 2,543 15.4

1996 ............... 22,819 84.4 1,952 15.8

1997 ............... 18,615 84.4 1,650 16.4

1998 ............... 15,172 82.3 1,382 17.1

1999 ............... 13,834 81.3 1,316 17.7

2000 ............... 12,755 78.6 1,287 18.1
8.B Medicare: Enrollment, Utilization, & Reimbursement

CONTACT: Maria Diacogiannis (410) 786-0178 for further information.

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 311

Table 8.B12.—Supplementary Medical Insurance: State buy-ins, 1991–2001

State 1991 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001

United States ..................................... 3,640,121 4,168,837 4,443,683 4,705,625 4,914,789 5,008,860 5,109,228 5,273,573 5,425,048 5,615,326

Alabama....................................................... 97,601 109,353 112,909 116,916 120,399 122,720 121,990 128,875 136,860 141,436

Alaska ......................................................... 4,539 5,354 5,853 6,193 6,659 6,835 7,093 7,799 8,486 8,832

Arizona ........................................................ 28,650 36,980 40,360 44,236 47,393 49,213 51,141 53,450 57,712 61,989

Arkansas ..................................................... 64,996 72,885 74,689 77,660 79,549 79,176 78,514 79,508 79,606 80,231

California...................................................... 646,108 697,406 722,377 747,814 768,907 769,335 776,832 793,510 818,846 848,361

Colorado ...................................................... 36,470 41,738 43,747 46,660 49,561 50,749 52,175 53,964 55,325 56,934

Connecticut.................................................. 23,535 36,062 40,812 48,047 50,226 50,668 51,335 52,134 53,141 55,933

Delaware...................................................... 4,499 5,433 6,058 6,645 7,735 8,446 8,900 8,231 10,737 12,094

District of Columbia...................................... 12,791 11,205 13,436 14,152 14,195 14,482 14,582 13,181 14,233 14,621

Florida.......................................................... 196,992 229,914 258,382 271,430 290,838 304,791 313,744 324,172 342,109 358,642

Georgia ........................................................ 128,976 146,893 153,559 160,380 165,210 168,267 171,047 171,638 176,596 181,312

Hawaii .......................................................... 11,529 13,706 15,571 16,695 17,905 18,751 19,226 19,962 20,326 21,090

Idaho............................................................ 9,127 11,185 12,062 12,931 13,835 14,296 14,909 15,868 17,081 18,550

Illinois........................................................... 94,434 122,169 129,353 137,571 144,330 144,684 145,976 149,850 155,743 161,141

Indiana ......................................................... 60,297 69,500 74,598 76,460 75,930 76,846 81,184 82,901 87,543 91,311

Iowa ............................................................. 41,170 44,713 46,223 48,517 50,031 49,344 49,844 50,954 51,976 52,891

Kansas......................................................... 26,960 30,046 32,485 34,708 37,064 37,486 39,008 40,365 41,217 42,126

Kentucky ...................................................... 76,456 88,272 92,555 97,978 103,705 105,188 106,537 111,789 117,697 118,641

Louisiana...................................................... 87,570 101,002 106,915 112,090 114,917 114,482 115,031 116,602 117,179 117,867

Maine ........................................................... 22,176 25,837 27,447 29,453 31,063 32,168 33,006 35,211 36,946 38,161

Maryland ...................................................... 48,028 52,891 55,978 58,865 59,882 59,745 61,669 64,086 65,372 68,010

Massachusetts............................................. 89,163 109,304 118,683 125,859 132,575 132,874 138,796 143,779 152,587 160,198

Michigan....................................................... 91,340 108,216 116,004 123,948 131,263 130,682 135,769 139,411 145,172 148,760

Minnesota .................................................... 39,366 45,956 48,577 52,192 55,989 56,486 57,559 59,926 63,607 66,874

Mississippi.................................................... 90,530 98,952 103,338 108,577 104,036 106,461 106,336 107,176 107,495 116,503

Missouri........................................................ 55,116 64,243 68,610 72,659 76,883 79,847 81,841 85,329 88,343 91,244

Montana....................................................... 10,058 9,578 10,206 11,031 11,638 11,825 11,882 12,274 12,828 13,120

Nebraska...................................................... 11,358 14,142 15,357 16,146 16,986 17,321 18,029 19,064 20,520 21,121

Nevada......................................................... 8,657 11,080 12,350 14,227 15,711 16,435 17,191 18,322 19,155 20,709

New Hampshire ........................................... 3,807 4,555 4,982 5,405 5,878 6,119 6,295 6,875 7,434 8,866

New Jersey .................................................. 95,795 105,339 113,658 122,923 131,292 135,109 137,598 143,024 146,705 149,303

New Mexico ................................................. 22,246 27,440 29,268 29,855 32,346 33,472 34,411 36,023 37,330 39,275

New York...................................................... 255,952 283,900 304,719 325,882 342,539 352,129 363,331 372,824 369,479 395,830

North Carolina.............................................. 117,656 147,404 159,439 186,328 197,039 204,551 210,388 216,563 223,402 228,997

North Dakota................................................ 4,639 5,218 5,400 5,560 5,751 5,684 5,612 5,758 5,908 6,275

Ohio ............................................................. 112,598 139,755 151,070 164,044 172,316 178,365 180,172 181,407 171,139 176,602

Oklahoma..................................................... 51,457 55,868 57,960 60,080 61,723 62,965 63,142 66,115 67,413 67,787

Oregon......................................................... 28,537 36,654 39,558 43,642 47,600 49,553 51,392 55,896 59,169 62,910

Pennsylvania................................................ 127,519 138,565 156,701 162,788 170,790 173,142 179,295 198,492 206,468 215,351

Rhode Island................................................ 10,585 13,466 14,353 15,517 16,780 17,321 17,729 18,513 19,787 21,620

South Carolina ............................................. 78,701 88,876 92,551 95,970 98,817 101,455 104,111 110,032 112,232 116,288

South Dakota ............................................... 9,399 11,333 11,839 12,346 12,661 12,778 12,791 13,112 13,146 13,237

Tennessee.................................................... 116,861 130,102 140,945 148,391 157,602 164,010 171,653 178,707 182,342 184,570

Texas............................................................ 234,169 274,297 294,115 314,991 327,827 336,801 339,648 350,959 360,191 370,598

Utah ............................................................. 10,263 12,101 12,902 13,506 14,387 14,589 14,900 15,569 16,231 16,712

Vermont........................................................ 8,223 10,467 11,240 12,428 12,863 13,048 13,197 13,598 13,754 14,296

Virginia......................................................... 77,898 92,793 97,821 102,964 107,457 108,365 108,427 111,404 113,259 113,898

Washington .................................................. 54,774 62,973 66,830 71,531 76,885 83,128 89,419 91,976 97,390 94,852

West Virginia................................................ 28,086 34,479 36,531 39,720 42,377 43,572 43,019 45,406 46,305 47,774

Wisconsin..................................................... 67,516 73,884 77,472 75,247 78,661 76,109 74,429 74,681 74,101 73,875

Wyoming ..................................................... 3,505 4,276 4,726 5,265 5,548 5,781 5,963 6,183 6,444 6,746

Outlying areas:

Guam ....................................................... 443 579 600 669 710 682 650 583 417 385

Northern Mariana Islands......................... 273 335 320 314 318 322 311 335 342 367

Virgin Islands............................................ 727 163 189 219 205 207 199 207 204 210

Note: Data are as of July except for 1995 data which are as of June.
8.C Medicare: Participating Facilities

CONTACT: Maria Diacogiannis (410) 786-0178 for further information.

312 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Table 8.C1.—Hospital Insurance and Supplementary Medical Insurance: Number of facilities and beds, by participating 

providers, December 1967–2000

Year

Hospitals Skilled

nursing

facilitites

Home

health

agencies

CLIA/

independent

All hospitals General laboratories 1

1 Includes short-stay and other long-stay hospitals.

Psychiatric

Facilities

1967....................... 6,829 6,501 328 4,405 1,890 2,355

1970....................... 6,779 6,444 335 4,494 2,333 2,750

1971....................... 6,741 6,401 340 4,084 2,256 2,808

1972....................... 6,744 6,392 352 3,981 2,212 2,906

1973....................... 6,746 6,388 358 3,961 2,222 2,961

1974....................... 6,707 6,349 358 3,892 2,254 2,991

1975....................... 6,770 6,383 387 3,932 2,290 3,174

1976....................... 6,774 6,368 406 3,992 2,353 3,156

1977....................... 6,755 6,353 402 4,461 2,496 3,249

1978....................... 6,848 6,432 416 4,982 2,715 3,384

1979....................... 6,780 6,372 408 5,055 2,858 3,448

1980....................... 6,736 6,325 411 5,155 3,012 3,374

1981....................... 6,749 6,335 414 5,295 3,169 3,511

1982....................... 6,737 6,321 416 5,510 3,627 3,643

1983....................... 6,687 6,257 430 5,760 4,235 3,708

1984....................... 6,676 6,228 448 6,183 5,237 3,890

1985....................... 6,710 6,209 501 6,725 5,932 4,029

1986....................... 6,731 6,189 542 7,148 5,953 4,298

1987....................... 6,715 6,130 585 7,379 5,769 4,487

1988....................... 6,658 6,044 614 7,683 5,673 4,676

1989....................... 6,547 5,891 656 8,688 5,661 4,828

1990....................... 6,522 5,848 674 9,008 5,730 4,881

1991....................... 6,471 5,759 712 10,061 5,963 4,898

1992....................... 6,433 5,722 711 10,910 6,461 4,942

1993....................... 6,473 5,738 735 11,472 7,000 2 156,117

2 Beginning in 1993, the data include all Clinical Laboratory Improvement Act facilities as of December of each year.

1994....................... 6,414 5,705 709 12,584 7,827 2 151,422

1995....................... 6,376 5,694 682 13,452 8,447 2 156,511

1996....................... 6,273 5,627 646 14,177 9,850 2 157,876

1997....................... 6,293 5,639 654 14,860 10,807 2 164,054

1998....................... 6,116 5,514 602 15,032 9,330 2 166,817

1999....................... 5,985 5,415 570 14,913 7,857 2 171,018

2000....................... 6,031 5,512 519 14,841 7,099 2 168,333

Beds

1967....................... 1,141,155 837,211 303,944 308,843 . . . . . .

1970....................... 1,190,309 878,509 311,800 325,415 . . . . . .

1971....................... 1,172,353 888,205 284,148 296,090 . . . . . .

1972....................... 1,155,270 906,280 248,990 287,533 . . . . . .

1973....................... 1,147,501 919,832 227,669 290,060 . . . . . .

1974....................... 1,132,435 925,772 206,663 289,416 . . . . . .

1975....................... 1,136,908 939,717 197,191 287,468 . . . . . .

1976....................... 1,169,433 980,805 188,628 332,515 . . . . . .

1977....................... 1,130,519 976,465 154,054 381,715 . . . . . .

1978....................... 1,154,250 1,015,645 138,605 414,188 . . . . . .

1979....................... 1,152,088 1,016,525 135,563 433,715 . . . . . .

1980....................... 1,145,245 1,017,794 127,451 448,007 . . . . . .

1981....................... 1,152,877 1,032,042 120,835 463,715 . . . . . .

1982....................... 1,146,480 1,044,427 102,053 497,056 . . . . . .

1983....................... 1,143,544 1,046,674 96,870 519,551 . . . . . .

1984....................... 1,146,093 1,050,832 95,261 548,201 . . . . . .

1985....................... 1,144,589 1,046,889 97,700 3(3)

3 Data not available.

. . . . . .

1986....................... 1,137,853 1,043,430 94,423 444,326 . . . . . .

1987....................... 1,124,928 1,030,556 94,372 449,867 . . . . . .

1988....................... 1,115,809 1,022,116 93,693 476,447 . . . . . .

1989....................... 1,106,295 1,008,845 97,450 507,475 . . . . . .

1990....................... 1,104,703 1,005,480 99,223 512,107 . . . . . .

1991....................... 1,102,286 1,003,147 99,139 583,116 . . . . . .

1992....................... 1,093,895 997,695 96,200 606,218 . . . . . .

1993....................... 1,094,422 994,847 99,575 622,534 . . . . . .

1994....................... 1,074,371 985,809 88,562 649,054 . . . . . .

1995....................... 1,056,454 970,143 86,311 657,225 . . . . . .

1996....................... 1,038,105 955,604 82,501 671,839 . . . . . .

1997....................... 1,037,356 954,372 82,984 684,977 . . . . . .

1998....................... 1,012,168 934,635 77,533 722,626 . . . . . .

1999....................... 993,901 920,326 73,575 836,720 . . . . . .

2000....................... 982,616 913,806 68,810 939,364 . . . . . .
 8.C Medicare: Participating Facilities

CONTACT: Maria Diacogiannis (410) 786-0178 for further information.

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 313

Table 8.C2—Hospital Insurance: Number of participating hospitals and beds per 1,000 enrollees, by state, December 2000

Census division and state

All hospitals Short stay Long stay

Hospitals Beds Hospitals Beds

Beds per

1,000

enrollees1

1 Based on total number of persons enrolled in the Hospital Insurance program as of July 2000. 

Hospitals Beds

Total ................................................................................................ 6,031 982,616 4,704 862,607 22.2 1,327 120,009

United States ...................................................................................... 5,968 971,544 4,647 852,683 22.4 1,321 118,861

New England.............................................................................................. 270 45,413 189 34,638 16.5 81 25,285

Connecticut......................................................................................... 47 10,892 32 8,884 17.4 15 8,062

Maine.................................................................................................. 41 4,227 31 3,683 17.2 10 9,998

Massachusetts.................................................................................... 119 20,537 75 14,257 15.0 44 5,282

New Hampshire.................................................................................. 30 3,442 26 2,967 17.6 4 475

Rhode Island ...................................................................................... 17 4,220 11 2,957 17.5 6 1,263

Vermont .............................................................................................. 16 2,095 14 1,890 21.5 2 205

Middle Atlantic............................................................................................ 627 158,260 491 131,704 22.5 136 26,556

New Jersey......................................................................................... 108 31,970 82 28,201 23.9 26 3,769

New York ............................................................................................ 268 82,147 216 67,447 26.1 52 14,700

Pennsylvania ...................................................................................... 251 44,143 193 36,056 17.3 58 8,087

East North Central ..................................................................................... 886 170,994 708 155,220 24.6 178 15,774

Illinois.................................................................................................. 218 49,377 184 46,051 28.6 34 3,326

Indiana................................................................................................ 151 21,353 106 18,985 22.4 45 2,368

Michigan ............................................................................................. 174 31,926 137 28,229 20.3 37 3,697

Ohio.................................................................................................... 203 48,158 165 43,828 26.1 38 4,330

Wisconsin ........................................................................................... 140 20,180 116 18,127 23.3 24 2,053

West North Central .................................................................................... 770 81,269 577 72,066 25.4 193 9,203

Iowa.................................................................................................... 120 12,300 106 11,701 24.7 14 599

Kansas................................................................................................ 149 12,127 107 10,610 27.4 42 1,517

Minnesota........................................................................................... 150 17,147 129 14,918 23.0 21 2,229

Missouri .............................................................................................. 141 26,116 111 24,014 28.2 30 2,102

Nebraska ............................................................................................ 96 6,892 43 5,057 20.1 53 1,835

North Dakota ...................................................................................... 51 3,350 36 2,857 27.9 15 493

South Dakota...................................................................................... 63 3,337 45 2,909 24.5 18 428

South Atlantic............................................................................................. 907 175,523 703 154,739 20.9 204 20,784

Delaware ............................................................................................ 11 2,325 5 1,892 17.0 6 433

District of Columbia ............................................................................ 16 5,105 10 3,946 54.8 6 1,159

Florida................................................................................................. 236 53,970 183 50,071 18.0 53 3,899

Georgia............................................................................................... 182 26,474 144 23,103 25.6 38 3,371

Maryland............................................................................................. 67 16,675 48 13,229 20.8 19 3,446

North Carolina .................................................................................... 135 26,337 114 22,930 20.4 21 3,407

South Carolina.................................................................................... 76 12,560 62 11,336 20.2 14 1,224

Virginia................................................................................................ 118 22,403 91 19,532 22.2 27 2,871

West Virginia....................................................................................... 66 9,674 46 8,700 25.9 20 974

East South Central..................................................................................... 491 77,680 416 71,277 28.4 75 6,403

Alabama ............................................................................................. 123 20,591 105 19,006 28.1 18 1,585

Kentucky............................................................................................. 117 18,633 95 16,292 27.4 22 2,341

Mississippi .......................................................................................... 104 12,390 97 12,008 28.9 7 382

Tennessee .......................................................................................... 147 26,066 119 23,971 29.2 28 2,095

West South Central.................................................................................... 897 106,682 653 91,353 24.2 244 15,329

Arkansas............................................................................................. 95 11,895 69 10,105 23.2 26 1,790

Louisiana ............................................................................................ 176 22,137 116 17,914 30.3 60 4,223

Oklahoma ........................................................................................... 151 14,820 112 13,078 26.0 39 1,742

Texas .................................................................................................. 475 57,830 356 50,256 22.5 119 7,574

Mountain .................................................................................................... 445 45,254 333 39,618 18.4 112 5,636

Arizona ............................................................................................... 84 11,304 67 10,370 15.6 17 934

Colorado............................................................................................. 82 11,466 60 9,448 20.6 22 2,018

Idaho................................................................................................... 48 2,908 29 2,493 15.3 19 415

Montana.............................................................................................. 61 2,846 44 2,695 19.9 17 151

Nevada ............................................................................................... 42 4,785 28 4,100 17.3 14 685

New Mexico........................................................................................ 51 4,957 38 4,369 19.1 13 588

Utah.................................................................................................... 50 5,356 43 4,594 22.6 7 762

Wyoming............................................................................................. 27 1,632 24 1,549 23.9 3 83

Pacific ........................................................................................................ 675 110,469 577 102,068 19.8 98 8,401

Alaska................................................................................................. 24 1,550 21 1,347 32.6 3 203

California ............................................................................................ 465 84,143 397 78,475 21.0 68 5,668

Hawaii................................................................................................. 27 2,777 23 2,375 14.6 4 402

Oregon................................................................................................ 63 8,063 56 7,650 15.9 7 413

Washington......................................................................................... 96 13,936 80 12,221 16.9 16 1,715

Outlying areas............................................................................................ 63 11,072 57 9,924 11.5 6 1,148

Puerto Rico......................................................................................... 58 10,399 52 9,251 17.3 6 1,148

Virgin Islands...................................................................................... 2 320 2 320 31.3 . . . . . .

Other................................................................................................... 3 353 3 353 1.1 . . . . . .
8.C Medicare: Participating Facilities

CONTACT: Maria Diacogiannis (410) 786-0178 for further information.

314 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Table 8.C3—Hospital Insurance and Supplementary Medical Insurance: Number of participating skilled nursing facilities, 

home health agencies, independent laboratories, and end stage renal disease facilities, by state, December 2000

Census division and state

Skilled nursing facilities

Home

health

agencies

Clinical

Laboratory

Improvement

Act facilities

End stage

renal diseases

Number Beds facilities

Beds per 1,000

enrollees 1

1 Based on total number of persons enrolled in the Hospital Insurance program as of July 2000. 

Total ...................................................... 14,841 939,364 24.1 7,099 168,333 3,991

United States ............................................ 14,832 939,024 24.7 7,050 167,430 3,951

New England.................................................... 1,089 86,611 41.2 325 8,886 136

Connecticut............................................... 250 26,829 52.5 81 2,484 31

Maine........................................................ 126 7,611 35.6 36 929 12

Massachusetts.......................................... 505 37,174 39.1 136 3,546 65

New Hampshire........................................ 67 4,547 27.0 34 784 10

Rhode Island ............................................ 99 6,974 41.3 25 743 12

Vermont .................................................... 42 3,476 39.5 13 400 6

Middle Atlantic.................................................. 1,774 204,049 34.9 590 21,683 522

New Jersey............................................... 360 32,084 27.2 54 4,757 89

New York .................................................. 664 120,106 46.4 211 9,883 209

Pennsylvania ............................................ 750 51,859 24.9 325 7,043 224

East North Central ........................................... 2,809 150,606 23.9 1,138 27,726 551

Illinois........................................................ 657 20,506 12.8 288 7,251 129

Indiana...................................................... 499 22,355 26.4 178 4,153 82

Michigan ................................................... 389 26,899 19.3 194 5,766 105

Ohio.......................................................... 892 50,243 29.9 346 8,127 155

Wisconsin ................................................. 372 30,603 39.3 132 2,429 80

West North Central .......................................... 1,781 96.380 34.0 899 12,835 314

Iowa.......................................................... 302 17,666 37.3 179 2,269 47

Kansas...................................................... 263 10,068 26.0 149 2,074 40

Minnesota................................................. 412 36,797 56.7 251 2,158 69

Missouri .................................................... 455 9,901 11.6 170 4,109 104

Nebraska .................................................. 172 9,349 37.1 69 1,196 22

North Dakota ............................................ 88 6,954 68.0 35 467 13

South Dakota............................................ 89 5,645 47.6 46 562 19

South Atlantic................................................... 2,278 139,226 18.8 966 33,222 895

Delaware .................................................. 38 2,780 25.0 16 552 13

District of Columbia .................................. 19 1,535 21.3 16 458 24

Florida....................................................... 724 44,583 16.1 307 10,936 248

Georgia..................................................... 325 22,693 25.1 99 5,239 170

Maryland................................................... 244 15,253 24.0 53 3,113 109

North Carolina .......................................... 408 24,887 22.1 164 4,920 109

South Carolina.......................................... 178 11,955 21.3 76 2,557 77

Virginia...................................................... 229 9,776 11.1 167 3,954 120

West Virginia ............................................ 113 5,764 17.2 68 1,493 25

East South Central........................................... 936 46,771 18.7 469 10,928 318

Alabama ................................................... 221 12,194 18.0 143 2,894 94

Kentucky................................................... 307 16,356 27.5 111 2,555 48

Mississippi ................................................ 132 6,292 15.1 62 1,781 62

Tennessee ................................................ 276 11,929 14.5 153 3,698 114

West South Central.......................................... 1,682 75,854 20.1 1,485 20,880 535

Arkansas................................................... 189 6,020 13.8 182 1,727 57

Louisiana .................................................. 232 14,794 25.0 257 3,373 123

Oklahoma ................................................. 242 10,573 21.0 187 2,611 60

Texas ........................................................ 1,019 44,467 19.9 859 13,169 295

Mountain .......................................................... 766 44,768 20.8 485 9,170 218

Arizona ..................................................... 148 6,189 9.3 68 2,543 83

Colorado................................................... 202 12,288 26.8 130 2,141 37

Idaho......................................................... 82 5,149 31.6 53 674 8

Montana.................................................... 101 6,253 46.1 51 606 15

Nevada ..................................................... 49 5,238 22.1 35 897 16

New Mexico.............................................. 69 2,510 10.9 67 1,014 29

Utah.......................................................... 81 4,595 22.6 42 976 21

Wyoming................................................... 34 2,546 39.2 39 319 9

Pacific .............................................................. 1,717 94,759 18.4 693 22,100 462

Alaska....................................................... 15 487 11.8 16 418 2

California .................................................. 1,271 71,712 19.2 536 16,355 359

Hawaii....................................................... 41 3,125 19.2 19 742 17

Oregon...................................................... 124 5,291 11.0 60 1,931 41

Washington............................................... 266 14,144 19.5 62 2,654 43

Outlying areas.................................................. 9 340 .4 49 903 40

Puerto Rico............................................... 7 244 .5 45 831 32

Virgin Islands............................................ 1 60 5.9 2 25 3

Other......................................................... 1 36 .1 2 47 5
 8.E Medicaid: Recipients

CONTACT: Tony Parker (410) 786-0155 for further information.

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 315

Table 8.E1.—Unduplicated number of recipients, total vendor payments, and average amounts, by type of medical service, 

fiscal years 1972–1998 1,2

1 Fiscal year 1977 began in October 1976 and was the first year of the new federal fiscal cycle. Before 1977, the fiscal year began in July. 2 Beginning in fiscal year 1980, recipients' categories do not add to unduplicated total because of the small number of recipients that are in more than one category 

during the year.

Fiscal

 year Total

Inpatient

services in—

Intermediatecare facility (ICF)

services for—

Nursing

facility 3

3Beginning in fiscal year 1991, “Nursing facility services” category combines “ICF, All other” and “Skilled nursing facility services,” which were previously separate. Data 

under “Nursing facility services” prior to 1991, reflect “Skilled nursing facility services.”

Physicians’ Dental

Other

practitioner

Outpatient

hosptal Clinic

Laboratory and

radiologicalHome

health

Prescribed

drugs

Family

planning Other

General

hospital

Mental

hospital

Mentally

retarded

All

other

Number (in thousands)

1972........ 17,606 2,832 40 . . . . . . 552 12,282 2,397 1,600 5,215 501 3,523 105 11,139 . . . 2,531

1975........ 22,007 3,432 67 69 682 630 15,198 3,944 2,673 7,437 1,086 4,738 343 14,155 1,217 2,911

1980........ 21,605 3,680 66 121 789 606 13,765 4,652 3,234 9,705 1,531 3,212 392 13,707 1,129 2,563

1985........ 21,814 3,434 60 147 828 547 14,387 4,672 3,357 10,072 2,121 6,354 535 13,921 1,636 5,371

1986........ 22,515 3,544 53 145 828 571 14,894 5,161 3,451 10,702 2,027 7,123 593 14,704 1,732 5,573

1987........ 23,109 3,767 57 149 849 572 15,373 5,131 3,542 10,979 2,183 7,596 609 15,083 1,652 5,957

1988........ 22,907 3,832 60 145 866 579 15,265 5,072 3,480 10,533 2,256 7,579 569 15,323 1,525 6,601

1989........ 23,511 4,170 90 148 888 564 15,686 4,214 3,555 11,344 2,391 7,759 609 15,916 1,564 7,278

1990........ 25,255 4,593 92 147 860 601 17,078 4,552 3,873 12,370 2,804 8,959 719 17,294 1,752 8,302

1991........ 28,280 5,072 65 146 4 (3)

4 

1,500 19,321 5,209 4,282 14,137 3,511 10,505 813 19,602 2,185 10,319

1992........ 30,926 5,768 77 151 (3) 1,573 21,627 5,700 4,711 15,120 4,115 11,804 925 22,030 2,550 12,427

1993........ 33,432 5,894 75 149 (3) 1,610 23,746 6,174 5,229 16,436 4,839 12,970 1,067 23,901 2,538 15,035

1994........ 35,053 5,866 85 159 . . . 1,639 24,267 6,352 5,409 16,567 5,258 13,412 1,293 24,471 2,566 17,321

1995........ 36,282 5,561 84 151 . . . 1,667 23,789 6,383 5,528 16,712 5,322 13,064 1,639 23,723 2,501 19,277

1996........ 36,118 5,362 93 140 . . . 1,594 22,861 6,208 5,343 15,905 5,070 12,607 1,727 22,585 2,366 21,104

1997........ 34,873 4,746 87 136 . . . 1,603 21,170 5,935 5,142 13,632 4,713 11,074 1,861 20,954 2,091 20,284

1998........ 40,649 4,273 135 126 . . . 1,646 18,555 4,965 4,342 12,158 5,285 9,381 1,225 19,338 2,011 34,820

Amount (in millions)

1972........ $6,300 $2,557 $113 . . . . . . $1,471 $794 $170 $59 $365 $41 $81 $24 $512 . . . $112

1975........ 12,242 3,374 405 $380 $1,885 2,434 1,225 339 127 373 389 126 70 815 $67 233

1980........ 23,311 6,412 775 1,989 4,202 3,685 1,875 462 198 1,101 320 121 332 1,318 81 440

1985........ 37,508 9,453 1,192 4,731 6,516 5,071 2,346 458 251 1,789 714 337 1,120 2,315 195 1,020

1986........ 41,005 10,364 1,113 5,072 6,773 5,660 2,547 531 252 1,980 807 424 1,352 2,692 226 1,212

1987........ 45,050 11,302 1,409 5,591 7,280 5,967 2,776 541 263 2,226 963 475 1,690 2,988 228 1,349

1988........ 48,710 12,076 1,375 6,022 7,923 6,354 2,953 577 284 2,413 1,105 543 2,015 3,294 206 1,569

1989........ 54,500 13,378 1,470 6,649 8,871 6,660 3,408 498 317 2,837 1,249 590 2,572 3,689 227 2,085

1990........ 64,859 16,674 1,714 7,354 9,667 8,026 4,018 593 372 3,324 1,688 721 3,404 4,420 265 2,618

1991........ 77,048 19,891 2,010 7,680 . . . 20,709 4,952 710 437 4,283 2,211 897 4,101 5,424 359 3,384

1992........ 90,814 23,503 2,196 8,550 . . . 23,544 6,102 851 538 5,279 2,818 1,035 4,886 6,765 500 4,243

1993........ 101,709 25,734 2,161 8,831 . . . 25,431 6,952 961 937 6,215 3,457 1,137 5,601 7,970 538 5,784

1994........ 108,270 26,180 2,057 8,347 . . . 27,095 7,189 969 1,040 6,342 3,747 1,176 7,042 8,875 516 7,695

1995........ 120,141 26,331 2,511 10,383 . . . 29,052 7,360 1,019 986 6,627 4,280 1,180 9,406 9,791 514 10,700

1996........ 121,685 25,176 2,040 9,555 . . . 29,630 7,238 1,028 1,094 6,504 4,222 1,208 10,868 10,697 474 11,948

1997........ 124,429 23,143 2,009 9,798 . . . 30,504 7,041 1,036 979 6,169 4,252 1,033 12,237 11,972 418 12,958

1998........ 142,318 21,499 2,801 9,482 . . . 31,892 6,070 901 587 5,759 3,921 939 2,702 13,522 449 38,747

Average amount

1972........ $358 $903 $2,825 . . . . . . $2,665 $65 $71 $37 $70 $82 $23 $229 $46 . . . $44

1975........ 556 983 6,017 $5,538 $2,764 3,865 81 86 48 50 358 27 204 58 $55 80

1980........ 1,079 1,742 11,697 16,439 5,322 6,079 136 99 61 113 113 38 846 96 72 172

1985........ 1,719 2,753 20,021 32,238 7,868 9,278 163 98 75 178 337 53 2,092 166 119 190

1986........ 1,821 2,924 20,952 35,089 8,182 9,910 171 103 73 185 398 60 2,278 183 130 217

1987........ 1,949 3,000 24,714 37,490 8,571 10,432 181 105 74 203 441 63 2,777 198 138 227

1988........ 2,126 3,151 22,956 41,413 9,153 10,971 193 114 82 229 490 72 3,542 215 135 238

1989........ 2,318 3,208 16,397 44,999 9,994 11,809 217 118 89 250 523 76 4,225 232 145 286

1990........ 2,568 3,630 18,548 50,048 11,236 13,356 235 130 96 269 602 80 4,733 256 151 315

1991........ 2,725 3,922 30,948 52,750 . . . 13,811 256 136 102 303 630 85 5,048 277 164 328

1992........ 2,936 4,075 28,364 56,502 . . . 14,965 282 149 114 349 685 88 5,283 307 196 342

1993........ 3,042 4,366 28,948 59,156 . . . 15,798 293 156 179 378 714 88 5,250 333 212 385

1994........ 3,089 4,463 24,120 52,571 . . . 16,533 296 153 192 383 713 88 5,445 363 201 444

1995........ 3,311 4,735 29,847 68,613 . . . 17,424 309 160 178 397 804 90 5,740 413 206 555

1996........ 3,369 4,696 21,873 68,232 . . . 18,589 317 166 205 409 833 96 6,293 474 200 566

1997........ 3,568 4,877 22,990 72,033 . . . 19,029 333 275 190 453 902 93 6,575 571 200 639

1998........ 3,501 5,031 20,701 74,960 . . . 19,379 327 182 135 474 742 100 2,206 699 223 1,113
8.E Medicaid: Recipient

CONTACT: Tony Parker (410) 786-0155 for further information.

316 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Table 8.E2.—Unduplicated number of recipients, total vendor payments, and average amounts, by type of eligibility 

category, fiscal years 1972–19981,2

1 Fiscal year 1977 began in October 1976 and was the first year of the new federal fiscal cycle. Before 1977, the fiscal year began in July. 2 Beginning in fiscal year 1980, recipients' categories do not add to unduplicated total because of the small number of recipients that are in more than one category 

during the year.

Fiscal year Total

Aged 65

or older Blind

Permanent

and total

disability

Dependent

children

under age 21

Adults in families

with dependent

children Other

Number (in thousands)

1972......................... 17,606 3,318 108 1,625 7,841 3,137 1,576

1975......................... 22,007 3,615 109 2,355 9,598 4,529 1,800

1980......................... 21,605 3,440 92 2,819 9,333 4,877 1,499

1985......................... 21,814 3,061 80 2,937 9,757 5,518 1,214

1986......................... 22,515 3,140 82 3,100 10,029 5,647 1,362

1987......................... 23,109 3,224 85 3,296 10,168 5,599 1,418

1988......................... 22,907 3,159 86 3,401 10,037 5,503 1,343

1989......................... 23,511 3,132 95 3,496 10,318 5,717 1,175

1990......................... 25,255 3,202 83 3,635 11,220 6,010 1,105

1991......................... 28,280 3,359 85 3,983 13,415 6,778 658

1992......................... 30,926 3,742 84 4,378 15,104 6,954 664

1993......................... 33,432 3,863 84 4,932 16,285 7,505 763

1994......................... 35,053 4,035 87 5,372 17,194 7,586 779

1995......................... 36,282 4,119 92 5,767 17,164 7,604 1,537

1996......................... 36,118 4,285 95 6,126 16,739 7,127 1,746

1997......................... 34,872 3,955 . . . 6,129 15,791 6,803 2,195

1998......................... 40,649 3,964 . . . 6,638 18,964 7,908 3,176

Amount (in millions)

1972......................... $6,300 $1,925 $45 $1,354 $1,139 $962 $875

1975......................... 12,242 4,358 93 3,052 2,186 2,062 492

1980......................... 23,311 8,739 124 7,497 3,123 3,231 596

1985......................... 37,508 14,096 249 13,203 4,414 4,746 798

1986......................... 41,005 15,097 277 14,635 5,135 4,880 980

1987......................... 45,050 16,037 309 16,507 5,508 5,592 1,078

1988......................... 48,710 17,135 344 18,250 5,848 5,883 1,198

1989......................... 54,500 18,558 409 20,476 6,892 6,897 1,268

1990......................... 64,859 21,508 434 23,969 9,100 8,590 1,257

1991......................... 77,048 25,453 475 27,798 11,690 10,439 1,193

1992......................... 90,814 29,078 530 33,326 14,491 12,185 1,204

1993......................... 101,709 31,554 589 38,065 16,504 13,605 1,391

1994......................... 108,270 33,618 644 41,654 17,302 13,585 1,467

1995......................... 120,141 36,527 848 48,570 17,976 13,511 2,708

1996......................... 121,685 36,947 869 51,196 17,544 12,275 2,853

1997......................... 124,430 37,721 . . . 54,130 17,544 12,307 2,727

1998......................... 142,318 40,602 . . . 60,375 22,806 14,833 3,702

Average amount

1972......................... $358 $580 $417 $833 $145 $307 $555

1975......................... 556 1,205 850 1,296 228 455 273

1980......................... 1,079 2,540 1,358 2,659 335 663 398

1985......................... 1,719 4,605 3,104 4,496 452 860 658

1986......................... 1,821 4,808 3,401 4,721 512 864 719

1987......................... 1,949 4,975 3,644 5,008 542 999 761

1988......................... 2,126 5,425 4,005 5,366 583 1,069 891

1989......................... 2,318 5,926 4,317 5,858 668 1,206 1,079

1990......................... 2,568 6,717 5,212 6,595 811 1,429 1,138

1991......................... 2,725 7,577 5,572 6,979 871 1,540 1,813

1992......................... 2,936 7,770 6,298 7,612 959 1,752 1,813

1993......................... 3,042 8,168 7,036 7,717 1,013 1,813 1,824

1994......................... 3,089 8,331 7,412 7,755 1,006 1,791 1,884

1995......................... 3,311 8,868 9,256 8,422 1,047 1,777 1,762

1996......................... 3,369 8,622 9,143 8,357 1,048 1,722 1,635

1997......................... 3,568 9,538 . . . 8,832 1,111 1,809 3,597

1998......................... 3,501 10,242 . . . 9,095 1,203 1,876 1,166
 8.H Medicaid: State Data

CONTACT: Tony Parker (410) 786-0155 for further information.

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 317

Table 8.H1—Number of recipients, amount of payments, and average amount per recipient, by state, fiscal year 1998

State Recipients

Amount

(in millions) Average amount

Total ....................................................................................... 40,649,482 $142,318 $3,501

Alabama........................................................................................... 527,078 1,902 3,609

Alaska .............................................................................................. 74,508 330 4,434

Arizona............................................................................................. 507,668 1,644 3,238

Arkansas.......................................................................................... 424,727 1,376 3,239

California.......................................................................................... 7,082,175 14,237 2,010

Colorado .......................................................................................... 344,916 1,439 4,173

Connecticut...................................................................................... 381,208 2,421 6,350

Delaware.......................................................................................... 101,436 420 4,138

District of Columbia.......................................................................... 166,146 731 4,402

Florida.............................................................................................. 1,904,591 5,687 2,986

Georgia ............................................................................................ 1,221,978 3,012 2,466

Hawaii .............................................................................................. 184,614 507 2,749

Idaho ............................................................................................... 123,176 425 3,446

Illinois............................................................................................... 1,363,856 6,173 4,526

Indiana ............................................................................................ 607,293 2,564 4,222

Iowa ................................................................................................. 314,936 1,289 4,092

Kansas............................................................................................. 241,933 916 3,788

Kentucky .......................................................................................... 644,482 2,425 3,763

Louisiana.......................................................................................... 720,615 2,384 3,308

Maine .............................................................................................. 170,456 747 4,383

Maryland .......................................................................................... 561,085 2,489 4,437

Massachusetts................................................................................. 908,238 4,609 5,075

Michigan........................................................................................... 1,362,890 4,345 3,188

Minnesota ........................................................................................ 538,413 2,924 5,432

Mississippi........................................................................................ 485,767 1,442 2,969

Missouri............................................................................................ 734,015 2,570 3,501

Montana........................................................................................... 100,760 361 3,585

Nebraska.......................................................................................... 211,188 753 3,566

Nevada............................................................................................. 128,144 462 3,606

New Hampshire ............................................................................... 93,970 606 6,449

New Jersey ...................................................................................... 813,251 4,219 5,188

New Mexico ..................................................................................... 329,418 862 2,617

New York.......................................................................................... 3,073,241 24,299 7,907

North Carolina.................................................................................. 1,167,988 4,014 3,437

North Dakota.................................................................................... 62,280 341 5,476

Ohio ................................................................................................. 1,290,776 6,121 4,742

Oklahoma......................................................................................... 342,475 1,178 3,439

Oregon............................................................................................. 511,171 1,378 2,695

Pennsylvania.................................................................................... 1,523,120 6,080 3,992

Rhode Island.................................................................................... 153,130 919 6,004

South Carolina ................................................................................. 594,962 2,019 3,393

South Dakota ................................................................................... 89,537 356 3,974

Tennessee........................................................................................ 1,843,661 3,167 1,718

Texas ............................................................................................... 2,324,810 7,140 3,071

Utah ................................................................................................. 215,801 619 2,867

Vermont............................................................................................ 123,992 351 2,834

Virginia............................................................................................. 653,236 2,118 3,243

Washington ...................................................................................... 1,413,208 2,044 1,447

West Virginia.................................................................................... 342,668 1,243 3,628

Wisconsin......................................................................................... 518,595 2,206 4,255

Wyoming.......................................................................................... 46,121 192 4,163

Outlying areas:

Puerto Rico .................................................................................. 964,015 250 259

Virgin Islands................................................................................ 19,764 10 511
9.A Unemployment Insurance 

CONTACT: Cindy Ambler (202) 693-3177 for futher information.

318 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Source: Department of Labor, Employment and Training Administration and Bureau of Labor Statistics; based on data submitted by state agencies.

Table 9.A2.—Summary data on state programs, 1999

[Except where noted excludes data for federal employees and for ex-servicemembers; includes data

for state and local government employees where covered by state law after 1955]

State

Covered employment 

(excludes federal 

government) Insured

unemployment

as percent

of covered

employment 1

1 Based on average covered employment in 12-month period.

Number

of first

payments

Average weekly 

benefit for total 

unemployment

Average

weekly

insured

unemployment

Average

actual

duration

(in weeks)

Claimants exhausting 

benefits 2

2 Percentages based on first payments for 12-month period.

Contributions

collected

 (in millions) 3

3 Contributions, penalties, and interest from employers and contributions from employees in states taxing workers. Adjusted to exclude refunds of contributions and dishonored checks. 

Excludes state and local government employees covered on reimbursable basis.

Benefits paid

 (in millions) 4

4 Adjusted to exclude voided benefit checks and for transfers under interstate combined-wage plan. Excludes Extended Benefits and Emergency Unemployment Compensation.

Average

employer

contribution

rate

(percent) 5

5 Estimated data. As percent of taxable payroll. Standard contribution rate for most states, 2.7 percent. Excludes state and local jurisdictions covering state and local government 

employees on a reimbursable basis.

Average

number of

workers

(in thousands)

Total

payroll 6

 (in millions)

6 Total wages earned in covered employment during all pay periods ended within the year.

Amount 7

7 Includes dependents' allowances for states that provide such benefits.

Percent

of

average

weekly

wages 8

8 Based on average total weekly wage in current year.

Number

Percent

 of first

payments2

Total.. 125,334 $4,130,377 1.8 6,951,210 $211.75 33.1 2,187,932 14.5 2,300,128 31.4 $19,153.8 $20,270.5 1.8

AL....... 1,818 50,209 1.6 127,895 155.55 29.3 28,382 10.1 26,912 19.9 159.1 192.2 1.1

AK ...... 252 8,381 5.1 45,635 181.58 28.4 12,866 14.9 19,252 41.9 105.3 122.8 2.5

AZ ...... 2,104 63,718 1.0 70,638 157.31 27.0 21,228 14.3 22,447 31.8 173.2 150.3 1.1

AR...... 1,092 27,408 2.3 76,981 197.20 40.9 24,939 13.0 24,341 29.2 175.6 162.4 2.0

CA...... 14,135 528,918 2.6 1,047,526 158.21 22.0 366,976 16.4 412,584 38.2 2,693.0 2,634.5 2.7

CO...... 2,051 69,588 .8 55,494 240.96 36.9 15,908 12.1 20,316 36.6 191.3 158.6 1.0

CT ...... 1,630 69,783 1.9 109,049 225.36 27.4 31,248 14.6 27,530 24.2 380.7 372.4 1.8

DE...... 397 13,901 1.4 22,525 203.70 30.3 5,503 12.6 4,534 19.6 63.7 56.4 2.1

DC...... 432 20,506 1.5 17,190 235.01 25.7 6,455 19.7 9,425 51.8 88.4 60.1 2.3

FL....... 6,720 192,543 1.1 223,361 211.84 38.4 73,090 14.0 94,332 39.8 549.5 670.4 1.2

GA...... 3,708 118,993 .9 163,110 198.70 32.2 32,573 9.0 45,919 27.2 154.3 280.7 .5

HI ....... 508 14,728 2.1 30,754 277.63 49.8 10,706 16.4 9,921 28.9 135.7 129.6 1.7

ID ....... 530 13,618 2.4 43,733 200.43 40.5 12,457 12.5 12,536 27.5 79.6 101.5 1.2

IL........ 5,756 208,105 1.8 307,325 241.16 34.7 104,015 15.9 92,449 30.2 1,121.8 1,169.0 2.4

IN ....... 2,867 85,648 1.0 111,817 210.31 36.6 28,575 11.3 34,135 26.7 266.5 270.5 1.4

IA........ 1,412 37,820 1.3 80,519 227.05 44.1 17,909 10.8 14,073 17.8 152.5 180.3 1.0

KS ...... 1,273 35,355 1.2 52,947 237.48 44.5 14,680 12.9 15,867 31.1 42.5 158.0 .3

KY ...... 1,696 46,709 1.5 103,664 201.03 38.0 24,945 12.1 18,543 16.9 238.5 240.4 1.8

LA....... 1,812 48,798 1.4 73,959 162.10 31.3 25,930 15.3 21,765 29.3 166.4 186.7 1.5

ME...... 560 14,856 1.8 32,599 192.30 37.7 9,816 13.0 13,376 34.6 128.5 81.4 3.6

MD ..... 2,220 74,475 1.4 96,934 204.78 31.7 30,246 13.5 27,069 27.2 284.2 271.0 1.6

MA...... 3,133 126,114 2.1 181,671 278.86 36.0 66,242 17.0 59,382 31.3 785.0 822.4 2.3

MI....... 4,446 158,447 1.8 323,015 237.88 34.7 79,736 11.5 84,055 21.3 990.2 879.9 2.7

MN ..... 2,517 83,990 1.2 100,147 278.76 43.4 29,944 14.0 26,306 24.8 344.8 356.6 1.1

MS...... 1,113 26,744 1.6 54,780 153.30 33.2 18,365 13.7 14,618 25.1 122.6 110.2 1.7

MO ..... 2,588 76,897 1.5 132,136 174.57 30.6 40,110 13.1 35,010 25.7 268.4 293.2 1.4

MT...... 358 8,144 2.2 24,517 181.04 41.4 7,830 13.8 7,423 28.6 61.5 56.1 1.3

NE...... 851 22,450 .8 25,996 177.13 34.9 6,989 12.1 7,811 27.1 32.0 54.8 .6

NV...... 962 29,838 1.9 65,028 215.61 36.1 18,327 13.8 19,646 31.0 211.8 192.3 1.4

NH...... 583 18,664 .6 15,380 208.27 33.8 3,704 9.6 775 4.8 28.1 35.4 .7

NJ....... 3,719 151,570 2.4 255,979 277.02 35.3 91,039 17.2 117,080 44.4 1,061.8 1,076.8 1.9

NM ..... 671 17,217 1.6 30,032 178.06 36.1 10,956 16.2 10,915 33.8 83.2 85.7 1.2

NY...... 8,156 343,441 1.9 416,634 231.93 28.6 157,548 17.7 209,016 45.5 1,485.7 1,639.3 2.7

NC...... 3,743 109,645 1.4 215,968 218.71 38.8 51,266 10.0 40,120 18.7 327.0 428.3 .8

ND...... 297 6,953 1.4 11,925 201.35 44.7 4,098 14.9 4,455 34.8 31.7 39.9 1.1

OH...... 5,368 167,392 1.3 228,265 224.04 37.4 68,074 13.2 46,542 17.8 631.9 687.8 1.5

OK...... 1,376 34,703 1.0 44,883 208.67 43.0 14,200 13.9 13,531 26.8 51.7 120.6 .4

OR...... 1,547 47,389 2.7 142,505 223.45 37.9 42,374 14.5 39,854 27.1 471.9 429.2 2.1

PA ...... 5,387 174,537 2.5 402,078 250.56 40.2 136,528 15.7 102,613 24.5 1,393.5 1,350.5 3.7

RI ....... 446 13,763 2.9 43,505 245.73 41.4 13,155 13.2 13,562 30.2 159.3 140.6 3.3

SC...... 1,763 47,453 1.5 96,434 185.48 35.8 25,694 11.3 22,846 22.9 161.9 194.4 1.4

SD...... 345 8,052 .6 7,657 170.05 37.9 2,115 11.0 815 9.7 12.6 15.9 .6

TN ...... 2,575 75,263 1.6 150,970 183.95 32.7 39,943 11.9 45,392 27.9 269.7 323.0 1.5

TX ...... 8,830 288,791 1.4 358,590 225.36 35.8 124,619 15.9 201,647 54.6 932.4 1,189.4 1.2

UT ...... 987 27,139 1.0 38,217 205.20 38.8 10,108 12.1 11,907 30.5 78.7 97.6 .6

VA ...... 3,176 102,665 .7 92,254 186.91 30.1 22,200 10.2 20,533 20.9 140.5 178.6 .6

VT ...... 282 7,728 1.9 17,836 203.40 38.7 5,276 13.3 2,525 13.8 48.5 45.4 2.5

WA ..... 2,575 91,543 3.0 190,056 275.82 40.3 77,627 18.4 64,095 35.0 864.1 905.7 2.2

WV ..... 659 16,814 2.4 52,317 197.98 40.4 16,090 13.6 10,566 19.4 128.3 128.6 2.9

WI....... 2,662 78,482 1.9 209,497 223.46 39.4 50,277 11.8 36,982 17.1 426.8 474.8 1.9

WY ..... 218 5,492 1.4 10,947 200.61 41.4 3,126 13.2 2,914 25.3 22.8 27.1 1.5

Other:

PR .. 988 17,969 5.2 116,746 102.82 29.4 51,431 19.3 59,225 43.7 170.9 237.2 3.3

VI.... 40 1,027 1.2 1,590 172.64 35.3 496 14.7 641 34.2 4.0 3.8 1.6
9.A Unemployment Insurance

CONTACT: Cindy Ambler (202) 693-3177 for futher information.

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 319

Source: Department of Labor, Employment and Training Administration and Bureau of Labor Statistics; based on data submitted by state agencies.

Table 9.A2.—Summary data on state programs, 2000

[Except where noted excludes data for federal employees and for ex-servicemembers; includes data

for state and local government employees where covered by state law after 1955]

State

Covered employment 

(excludes federal 

government) Insured

unemployment

as percent

of covered

employment 1

1 Based on average covered employment in 12-month period.

Number

of first

payments

Average weekly 

benefit for total 

unemployment

Average

weekly

insured

unemployment

Average

actual

duration

(in weeks)

Claimants exhausting 

benefits 2

2 Percentages based on first payments for 12-month period.

Contributions

collected

 (in millions) 3

3 Contributions, penalties, and interest from employers and contributions from employees in states taxing workers. Adjusted to exclude refunds of contributions and dishonored checks. 

Excludes state and local government employees covered on reimbursable basis.

Benefits paid

 (in millions) 4

4 Adjusted to exclude voided benefit checks and for transfers under interstate combined-wage plan. Excludes Extended Benefits and Emergency Unemployment Compensation.

Average

employer

contribution

rate

(percent) 5

5 Estimated data. As percent of taxable payroll. Standard contribution rate for most states, 2.7 percent. Excludes state and local jurisdictions covering state and local government 

employees on a reimbursable basis.

Average

number of

workers

(in thousands)

Total

payroll 6

 (in millions)

6 Total wages earned in covered employment during all pay periods ended within the year.

Amount 7

7 Includes dependents' allowances for states that provide such benefits.

Percent

of

average

weekly

wages 8

8 Based on average total weekly wage in current year.

Number

Percent

 of first

payments2

Total.. 127,858 $4,464,095 1.7 7,033,133 $221.00 32.9 2,110,279 13.7 2,143,989 31.8 $19,899.3 $20,276.9 1.8

AL....... 1,824 52,054 1.6 133,933 159.41 29.1 29,046 9.9 26,847 21.5 158.2 202.9 1.1

AK ...... 259 8,856 4.8 43,557 189.86 28.8 12,290 14.2 16,962 39.2 110.9 110.5 2.7

AZ ...... 2,173 70,326 .9 69,104 162.51 26.1 20,527 14.0 23,333 33.5 170.9 154.3 1.1

AR...... 1,108 28,841 2.2 80,163 210.08 42.0 23,885 11.8 22,722 30.8 175.8 169.6 1.9

CA...... 14,615 600,346 2.3 973,333 160.00 20.3 338,454 15.9 370,790 37.1 2,836.8 2,406.7 2.7

CO...... 2,132 78,692 .7 51,952 255.86 36.0 15,034 12.0 20,506 39.0 186.1 157.7 .9

CT ...... 1,653 75,154 1.7 102,837 257.56 29.5 28,347 14.1 24,483 23.3 312.7 348.9 1.5

DE...... 403 14,749 1.5 26,978 214.85 30.5 5,870 11.9 4,988 19.9 59.1 74.2 1.8

DC...... 453 22,506 1.3 15,164 241.03 25.2 5,705 19.6 8,230 49.6 99.7 61.2 2.3

FL....... 6,939 210,178 1.0 224,212 220.21 37.8 70,767 13.3 86,357 39.8 398.3 661.7 .8

GA...... 3,798 128,867 .9 177,902 211.89 32.5 34,467 8.7 42,699 27.2 132.3 317.0 .5

HI ....... 523 15,544 1.6 25,247 283.67 49.6 8,389 15.4 7,058 25.5 139.6 101.6 1.7

ID ....... 550 15,055 2.2 45,292 209.46 39.8 12,101 11.7 11,219 25.8 90.4 102.8 1.2

IL........ 5,840 221,450 1.8 309,386 251.58 34.5 103,824 15.8 91,236 30.7 1,093.1 1,212.2 2.2

IN ....... 2,893 89,263 1.1 129,325 222.19 37.4 31,768 10.7 35,548 32.2 277.1 310.8 1.4

IA........ 1,423 39,507 1.4 84,455 238.42 44.7 19,407 11.2 15,626 19.3 175.7 210.3 1.2

KS ...... 1,286 37,400 1.2 54,263 247.09 44.2 15,635 13.3 16,641 33.5 143.0 173.9 1.1

KY ...... 1,724 49,322 1.5 111,252 224.78 40.8 25,421 11.5 18,296 18.5 248.9 271.4 1.9

LA....... 1,832 50,530 1.3 71,852 182.06 34.3 23,972 14.5 22,561 32.7 117.1 182.0 1.3

ME...... 577 15,715 1.5 28,203 202.29 38.6 8,863 14.1 10,569 39.0 150.8 76.6 2.6

MD ..... 2,278 80,643 1.3 92,798 212.51 31.2 28,881 13.4 25,996 27.5 274.6 271.1 1.5

MA...... 3,223 142,529 1.9 172,041 293.45 34.5 60,076 16.3 53,639 31.1 821.8 789.7 2.3

MI....... 4,527 167,108 1.8 358,509 244.12 34.4 81,550 10.6 80,809 25.5 1,016.5 921.5 2.7

MN ..... 2,572 90,830 1.2 109,278 290.51 42.8 31,385 13.6 26,734 26.6 345.4 397.8 1.0

MS...... 1,110 27,530 1.8 60,187 156.62 32.8 19,663 13.6 16,108 29.9 114.9 122.0 1.5

MO ..... 2,617 81,474 1.6 137,426 186.22 31.1 41,848 13.1 34,663 26.9 237.6 333.5 1.3

MT...... 367 8,658 2.1 25,194 187.92 41.4 7,798 13.0 7,216 30.6 55.8 57.8 1.1

NE...... 867 23,790 .8 27,838 188.00 35.6 7,323 11.6 8,179 32.2 42.3 59.4 .8

NV...... 1,003 32,158 1.9 67,949 222.43 36.1 19,534 13.8 21,190 32.8 213.3 204.3 1.3

NH...... 598 20,675 .5 13,595 217.21 32.7 3,108 9.0 817 5.9 30.7 31.1 .8

NJ....... 3,811 166,245 2.2 245,606 289.61 34.5 84,750 16.6 109,650 44.4 1,233.3 1,045.8 2.0

NM ..... 687 18,444 1.4 27,492 180.43 34.9 9,475 15.2 8,594 30.6 84.9 72.9 1.2

NY...... 8,329 374,357 1.8 424,234 247.48 28.6 146,212 16.0 186,345 46.3 1,870.4 1,602.2 3.2

NC...... 3,795 117,380 1.4 256,360 231.21 38.9 54,345 8.9 42,564 18.5 300.5 474.6 .6

ND...... 300 7,296 1.3 11,800 210.01 44.8 3,855 14.0 4,282 37.6 37.7 40.2 1.3

OH...... 5,428 175,237 1.3 248,223 236.40 38.1 71,623 12.4 48,306 22.0 640.5 742.2 1.5

OK...... 1,404 37,032 .9 40,872 214.40 42.3 12,218 13.0 11,846 30.5 47.4 103.7 .4

OR...... 1,577 51,368 2.6 147,190 232.62 37.1 41,228 13.7 36,272 25.7 503.9 430.4 2.1

PA ...... 5,446 184,011 2.4 396,227 264.76 40.7 132,350 15.2 96,622 24.8 1,400.3 1,461.6 3.7

RI ....... 457 14,724 2.7 37,798 253.48 40.9 12,159 14.1 12,501 31.9 142.5 224.9 3.4

SC...... 1,790 50,058 1.5 101,066 190.18 35.4 27,053 10.9 22,586 24.8 170.7 136.4 3.2

SD...... 353 8,592 .6 7,791 180.86 38.6 2,043 10.0 642 9.0 13.5 203.7 1.4

TN ...... 2,614 79,029 1.6 177,875 188.74 32.5 42,216 11.1 45,512 31.2 284.7 15.2 .6

TX ...... 9,101 316,219 1.2 322,307 227.11 34.0 107,906 14.5 165,241 50.4 982.4 363.5 1.5

UT ...... 1,012 29,132 1.0 40,584 213.89 38.6 10,522 11.8 11,571 30.5 61.4 988.7 1.3

VA ...... 3,276 112,668 .7 95,607 203.88 30.8 22,233 9.8 21,975 25.2 149.3 3.0 2.6

VT ...... 290 8,324 1.6 17,593 215.55 39.1 4,789 12.5 2,258 13.6 49.0 44.3 2.4

WA ..... 2,638 97,229 2.7 205,411 280.94 39.6 70,580 16.2 57,301 29.0 919.2 196.9 .6

WV ..... 664 17,491 2.1 48,884 197.53 39.0 14,067 12.6 8,808 19.1 132.1 872.8 2.1

WI....... 2,703 82,682 2.0 230,458 233.11 39.6 53,078 11.2 38,121 17.9 440.5 526.3 1.9

WY ..... 223 5,898 1.3 10,833 207.01 40.8 2,867 11.8 2,494 25.2 23.3 26.3 1.4

Other:

PR .. 1,012 18,666 4.9 114,649 103.91 29.3 49,437 18.7 57,994 48.8 175.7 224.9 3.4

VI.... 41 1,120 .8 1,048 183.43 35.2 333 15.4 482 38.3 6.5 3.0 2.6
9.B Workers’ Compensation

CONTACT: Daniel Mont (202) 452-8097 for further information.

320 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Source: National Academy of Social Insurance estimates based on data received from state agencies, the Department of Labor, A.M. Best Company and the National Council 

on Compensation Insurance.

Table 9.B1.—Coverage, benefits, and costs, 1940–1999 1 

 1 Beginning in 1959, includes Alaska and Hawaii.

Calendar year

Estimated

number of

workers

 covered

per month

(in millions)

Benefits paid during year (in millions)

Cost of

program as

a percentage

of covered

payroll 2

 2 Premiums written by private carriers, and state funds and benefits paid by self-insurers increased by 5–11 percent to allow for administrative costs; also includes benefits 

paid and administrative costs of federal system for government employees.

Benefits as a

percentage

of covered

payroll 3

 3 Excludes programs financed from general revenue—most federal Black Lung benefits.

Total

Type of insurance Type of benefits

Insurance

losses paid

by private

carriers 4

 4 Net cash and medical benefits paid during calendar year by private insurance companies under standard workers’ compensation policies.

State and

federal fund

disbursements 5

 5 Net cash and medical benefits paid by competitive and exclusive state funds and by federal system for government employees and, beginning in 1970, cash benefits paid 

by federal Black Lung program.

Employers’

self-insurance

payments 6

 6 Cash and medical benefits paid by self-insurers, plus value of medical benefits paid by employers carrying workers’ compensations policies that exclude standard medical 

coverage.

Medical and

hospitalization

Compensation

payments

1940............................... 24.6 $256 $135 $73 $48 $95 $161 1.19 0.72

1946............................... 32.7 434 270 96 68 140 294 .91 .54

1948............................... 36.0 534 335 121 78 175 359 .96 .51

1949............................... 35.3 566 353 132 81 185 381 .98 .55

1950............................... 36.9 615 381 149 85 200 415 .89 .54

1951............................... 38.7 709 444 170 94 233 476 .90 .54

1952............................... 39.4 785 491 193 101 260 525 .94 .55

1953............................... 40.7 841 524 210 107 280 561 .97 .55

1954............................... 39.8 876 540 225 110 308 568 .98 .57

1955............................... 41.4 916 563 238 115 325 591 .91 .55

1956............................... 43.0 1,002 618 259 125 350 652 .92 .55

1957............................... 43.3 1,062 661 271 130 360 702 .91 .56

1958............................... 42.5 1,112 694 285 132 375 737 .91 .58

1959............................... 44.0 1,210 753 316 141 410 800 .89 .58

1960............................... 44.9 1,295 810 325 160 435 860 .93 .59

1961............................... 45.0 1,374 851 347 176 460 914 .95 .61

1962............................... 46.2 1,489 924 371 194 495 994 .96 .62

1963............................... 47.3 1,582 988 388 207 525 1,057 .99 .62

1964............................... 48.8 1,707 1,070 412 226 565 1,142 1.00 .63

1965............................... 50.8 1,814 1,124 445 244 600 1,214 1.00 .61

1966............................... 53.7 2,000 1,239 486 275 680 1,320 1.02 .61

1967............................... 55.0 2,189 1,363 524 303 750 1,439 1.07 .63

1968............................... 56.8 2,376 1,482 556 338 830 1,546 1.07 .62

1969............................... 59.0 2,634 1,641 607 386 920 1,714 1.08 .62

1970............................... 59.2 3,031 1,843 755 432 1,050 1,981 1.11 .66

1971............................... 59.4 3,563 2,005 1,098 460 1,130 2,433 1.11 .67

1972............................... 62.3 4,061 2,179 1,379 504 1,250 2,811 1.14 .68

1973............................... 66.3 5,103 2,514 1,998 592 1,480 3,623 1.17 .70

1974............................... 68.0 5,781 2,971 2,086 724 1,760 4,021 1.24 .75

1975............................... 67.2 6,598 3,422 2,324 852 2,030 4,568 1.32 .83

1976............................... 69.6 7,584 3,976 2,570 1,039 2,380 5,204 1.49 .87

1977............................... 72.1 8,630 4,629 2,750 1,250 2,680 5,950 1.71 .92

1978............................... 75.6 9,796 5,256 3,043 1,497 2,980 6,816 1.86 .94

1979............................... 78.6 12,027 6,157 4,022 1,848 3,520 8,507 1.95 1.01

1980............................... 78.8 13,618 7,029 4,330 2,259 3,947 9,671 1.96 1.07

1981............................... 78.3 15,054 7,876 4,595 2,583 4,431 10,623 1.85 1.08

1982............................... 77.0 16,407 8,647 4,768 2,993 5,058 11,349 1.75 1.16

1983............................... 78.0 17,575 9,265 5,061 3,249 5,681 11,894 1.67 1.17

1984............................... 81.9 19,685 10,610 5,405 3,671 6,424 13,261 1.66 1.21

1985............................... 84.3 22,217 12,341 5,744 4,132 7,498 14,719 1.82 1.30

1986............................... 86.0 24,613 13,827 6,248 4,538 8,642 15,971 1.99 1.37

1987............................... 88.4 27,318 15,453 6,782 5,082 9,912 17,406 2.07 1.43

1988............................... 91.3 30,733 17,512 7,477 5,744 11,518 19,215 2.16 1.49

1989............................... 93.7 34,316 19,918 7,965 6,433 13,424 20,892 2.04 1.46

1990............................... 95.1 38,238 22,222 8,658 7,358 15,187 23,051 2.13 1.57

1991............................... 93.6 42,169 24,515 9,711 7,944 16,832 25,337 2.16 1.65

1992............................... 94.6 44,660 24,030 10,987 9,643 18,252 26,408 2.13 1.69

1993............................... 96.1 42,925 21,773 11,294 9,857 17,521 25,403 2.17 1.62

1994............................... 109.4 44,586 22,306 10,753 11,527 17,194 27,392 2.05 1.51

1995............................... 112.8 43,373 21,145 10,996 11,232 16,733 26,640 1.83 1.39

1996............................... 114.6 41,836 20,392 10,669 10,775 16,555 25,281 1.67 1.26

1997............................... 117.7 41,147 20,978 10,294 9,875 15,701 25,445 1.47 1.15

1998............................... 120.9 42,312 22,821 10,269 9,222 16,390 25,922 1.37 1.09

1999............................... 123.9 43,371 23,813 10,221 9,337 18,043 25,329 1.29 1.05
9.B Workers’ Compensation

CONTACT: Daniel Mont (202) 452-8097 for further information.

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 321

Source: National Academy of Social Insurance estimates based on data received from state agencies, the Department of Labor, A.M. Best Company and the National Council 

on Compensation Insurance.

Table 9.B2.—Benefits, by state, 1996–1999

 [In thousands]

State 1996 1997 1998 1999

Total 1 ...............................................................

 1 Calendar year data, except fiscal year data for federal civilian and other programs and for some states with state funds. Payments represent compensation and medical 

benefits and include insurance losses paid by private insurance carriers (compiled form state workers’ compensation agencies and the A.M. Best Company); disbursement of 

state funds (compiled from the A.M. Best Company, state workers’ compensation agencies and U.S. Census Bureau); and self-insurance payments, estimated from available 

state data. Includes benefit payments under Longshore and Harbor Workers’ Compensation Act for states in which such payments are made. For data for years 1990, 1993–

95, see U.S. Census Bureau, Statistical Abstract of the United States: 1999 (119th edition) Washington, DC, 1999, table 630, p.397.

$41,835,949 $41,146,574 $42,311,540 $43,371,412

Alabama................................................................... 525,073 530,230 615,316 596,233

Alaska ...................................................................... 121,597 130,045 128,576 137,630

Arizona..................................................................... 458,593 427,885 417,673 427,841

Arkansas.................................................................. 160,328 157,128 163,733 165,854

California.................................................................. 6,829,656 7,073,544 7,374,486 7,856,442

Colorado .................................................................. 679,270 674,035 656,894 702,458

Connecticut.............................................................. 672,241 731,830 711,130 722,156

Delaware.................................................................. 121,154 120,719 118,511 105,436

District of Columbia.................................................. 89,945 81,696 75,800 82,011

Florida...................................................................... 2,706,603 2,318,086 2,207,984 2,079,830

Georgia .................................................................... 821,952 713,041 807,582 816,249

Hawaii ...................................................................... 288,495 254,995 233,491 211,138

Idaho........................................................................ 189,575 212,563 237,444 230,218

Illinois....................................................................... 1,643,487 1,576,695 1,687,070 1,719,617

Indiana ..................................................................... 409,901 437,797 482,029 522,237

Iowa ......................................................................... 260,628 273,028 292,002 283,983

Kansas..................................................................... 269,507 312,698 318,352 326,196

Kentucky .................................................................. 506,771 380,417 410,003 430,953

Louisiana.................................................................. 557,131 419,777 428,441 428,808

Maine ....................................................................... 314,116 271,307 246,145 249,674

Maryland .................................................................. 1,037,957 1,082,280 1,127,128 1,169,386

Massachusetts......................................................... 700,375 653,327 641,409 633,840

Michigan................................................................... 1,346,409 1,332,222 1,366,963 1,392,806

Minnesota ................................................................ 739,500 738,100 732,300 744,600

Mississippi................................................................ 224,341 231,340 234,700 253,532

Missouri.................................................................... 618,911 527,053 589,232 592,993

Montana................................................................... 149,540 167,812 170,715 145,306

Nebraska.................................................................. 198,923 184,673 181,816 173,149

Nevada..................................................................... 382,873 341,203 334,659 362,971

New Hampshire ....................................................... 188,262 155,397 163,885 170,876

New Jersey .............................................................. 930,724 923,460 954,696 987,378

New Mexico ............................................................. 151,299 119,893 116,819 117,168

New York.................................................................. 2,558,704 2,618,320 2,556,658 2,782,474

North Carolina.......................................................... 500,506 618,426 765,817 710,100

North Dakota............................................................ 66,819 76,617 81,403 77,236

Ohio ......................................................................... 2,146,314 2,030,046 2,068,878 2,018,923

Oklahoma................................................................. 645,329 547,355 520,181 465,231

Oregon..................................................................... 445,505 417,222 432,825 398,965

Pennsylvania............................................................ 2,533,788 2,471,021 2,418,072 2,441,255

Rhode Island............................................................ 135,520 138,211 145,252 152,861

South Carolina ......................................................... 371,724 459,377 483,606 511,735

South Dakota ........................................................... 82,063 73,862 72,722 80,331

Tennessee................................................................ 432,422 432,662 517,846 514,242

Texas........................................................................ 1,259,647 1,377,393 1,488,896 1,677,824

Utah ......................................................................... 224,146 192,381 220,247 219,338

Vermont.................................................................... 74,271 87,488 95,056 103,928

Virginia..................................................................... 560,309 534,350 591,068 581,357

Washington .............................................................. 1,192,926 1,234,495 1,309,371 1,418,255

West Virginia............................................................ 523,803 616,790 629,480 665,403

Wisconsin................................................................. 647,520 594,463 621,973 652,281

Wyoming.................................................................. 73,592 68,068 74,469 71,151

Federal programs:

Civilian employee ................................................. 1,911,682 1,900,963 1,955,287 2,008,909

Black lung 2 .........................................................

 2 Includes payments by the Social Security Administration and the Department of Labor.

1,154,222 1,102,798 1,035,450 980,642
9.B Workers’ Compensation

CONTACT: Daniel Mont (202) 452-8097 for further information.

322 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 

Source: National Academy of Social Insurance estimates based on data received from state agencies, the Department of Labor, A.M. Best Company, and the National 

Council on Compensation Insurance.

Table 9.B3.—Type of insurer and medical benefits, by state, 1999

 [In thousands]

State Total

Private

carriers 4

State

funds

Selfinsurance 1

 1 Self-insurance includes individual self-insurers and group self-insurance.

Medical

amount

Medical

percent

Total ............................................................................. $43,371,412 . . . . . . . . . $18,042,726 41.6

Alabama....................................................................... 596,233 $320,786 . . . $275,447 309,392 51.9

Alaska .......................................................................... 137,630 108,604 . . . 29,026 73,456 53.4

Arizona......................................................................... 427,841 191,455 $174,825 61,561 149,956 2 35.0

 2 Imputed based on regression analysis using data from states where the percentage was known. The independent variables used in regression were percent of private 

carrier incurred losses that is attributed to medical benefits, the market insured by private carriers, and the presence of a state fund.

Arkansas...................................................................... 165,854 110,673 . . . 55,182 71,317 3 43.0

 3 For these states, the data used for the imputation procedure were unavailable, so the percentage of medical benefits was estimated to be the weighted average of the 

percentages in the states reporting such a percentage.

California...................................................................... 7,856,442 4,611,639 1,002,435 2,242,368 3,506,531 44.6

Colorado ...................................................................... 702,458 330,465 181,449 190,543 348,110 2 49.6

Connecticut.................................................................. 722,156 553,612 . . . 168,544 196,079 2 27.2

Delaware...................................................................... 105,436 78,243 . . . 27,193 45,337 3 43.0

District of Columbia...................................................... 82,011 64,157 . . . 17,853 35,265 3 43.0

Florida.......................................................................... 2,079,830 1,668,092 . . . 411,738 1,277,633 61.4

Georgia ........................................................................ 816,249 450,288 . . . 365,961 487,804 59.8

Hawaii .......................................................................... 211,138 144,706 5,223 61,209 86,574 40.9

Idaho............................................................................ 230,218 141,392 77,754 11,072 111,303 48.3

Illinois........................................................................... 1,719,617 1,353,213 . . . 366,405 828,341 2 48.2

Indiana ......................................................................... 522,237 391,347 . . . 130,890 343,188 2 65.7

Iowa ............................................................................. 283,983 236,098 . . . 47,885 159,420 2 56.1

Kansas......................................................................... 326,196 236,753 . . . 89,443 113,239 34.7

Kentucky ...................................................................... 430,953 260,222 20,420 150,310 229,300 53.2

Louisiana...................................................................... 428,808 207,532 101,602 119,674 184,387 3 43.0

Maine ........................................................................... 249,674 106,619 48,183 94,872 93,731 37.7

Maryland ...................................................................... 1,169,386 905,032 158,165 106,188 493,481 42.2

Massachusetts............................................................. 633,840 515,852 . . . 117,988 202,341 31.9

Michigan....................................................................... 1,392,806 760,306 . . . 632,500 413,859 29.7

Minnesota .................................................................... 744,600 479,400 88,100 177,100 315,700 42.4

Mississippi.................................................................... 253,532 162,808 . . . 90,724 132,971 52.4

Missouri........................................................................ 592,993 506,218 43,357 43,418 363,761 59.5

Montana....................................................................... 145,306 53,222 60,962 31,121 62,482 3 43.0

Nebraska...................................................................... 173,149 131,579 . . . 41,570 86,079 49.7

Nevada......................................................................... 362,971 4,649 273,386 84,935 125,871 34.7

New Hampshire ........................................................... 170,876 134,339 . . . 36,537 88,787 2 52.0

New Jersey .................................................................. 987,378 937,022 . . . 50,356 424,573 3 43.0

New Mexico ................................................................. 117,168 60,348 12,036 44,784 65,857 56.2

New York...................................................................... 2,782,474 1,314,422 836,453 631,599 835,726 30.0

North Carolina.............................................................. 710,100 534,710 . . . 175,390 327,739 2 46.2

North Dakota................................................................ 77,236 428 76,808 . . . 36,201 46.9

Ohio ............................................................................. 2,018,923 18,104 1,571,004 429,815 803,675 39.8

Oklahoma..................................................................... 465,231 261,595 105,621 98,015 221,583 2 47.6

Oregon......................................................................... 398,965 202,220 145,285 51,460 190,422 47.7

Pennsylvania................................................................ 2,441,255 1,692,089 176,004 573,162 867,097 35.5

Rhode Island................................................................ 152,861 98,356 43,409 11,096 35,306 23.1

South Carolina ............................................................. 511,735 358,012 37,100 116,623 247,866 2 48.4

South Dakota ............................................................... 80,331 69,408 . . . 10,923 38,915 48.4

Tennessee.................................................................... 514,242 404,946 . . . 109,296 264,953 2 51.5

Texas............................................................................ 1,677,824 1,353,079 185,305 139,441 721,464 3 43.0

Utah ............................................................................. 219,338 133,718 67,987 17,633 152,456 69.5

Vermont........................................................................ 103,928 78,652 . . . 25,276 51,214 2 49.3

Virginia......................................................................... 581,357 441,457 . . . 139,900 214,004 36.8

Washington .................................................................. 1,418,255 20,873 1,117,017 280,365 475,492 33.5

West Virginia................................................................ 665,403 3,894 552,302 109,207 176,139 26.5

Wisconsin..................................................................... 652,281 609,039 . . . 43,242 342,874 2 52.6

Wyoming...................................................................... 71,151 4 1,432

 4 States with exclusive funds (Nevada, North Dakota, Ohio, Washington, West Virginia and Wyoming), also have small amounts of benefits paid in the private carrier category. 

This results from two sources: companies with group policies that overlap states and the fact that some companies include excess workers’ compensation coverage in their 

reports of workers’ compensation benefits to A.M. Best Company.

 69,719 . . . 45,068 63.3

Total without federal..................................................... 40,381,861 23,813,108 7,231,914 9,336,839 17,474,320 43.3

Total federal ................................................................. 2,989,551 . . . . . . . . . 568,406 19.0

Civilian employee ..................................................... 2,008,909 . . . . . . . . . 492,835 24.5

Black Lung ............................................................... 980,642 . . . . . . . . . 75,571 7.7
9.C Temporary Disability Insurance

CONTACT: Rita L. DiSimone (202) 358-6221 for futher information.

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 323

Table 9.C1.—Selected data on state and railroad programs, 1998

Program 1 

 1 Statutory programs providing short-term cash benefits to employees unable to work because of nonoccupational illness or injury.

Average

annual

covered

employment

(in thousands)

Taxable

payrolls

(in millions)

Average

weekly

number of

beneficiaries

(in thousands)

Average

weekly

benefit

Average

duration

(weeks) per

period paid

Contributions

collected

(in millions)

Net

benefits

paid

(in millions)

Administrative

expenditures

(in millions) 2

 2 State cost of administering state program and of supervising private plans.

California 3 ...............................................................

 3 Benefits and beneficiary data are for periods paid or terminated in 1998.

11,916 $271,500 4 (4)

 4 Data not available.

(4) (4) (4) $1,793.0 $173 .0

State-operated fund.............................................. 11,371 252,500 80.0 $229.74 12.14 $1,207.5 1,645.0 145.4

Private plans ........................................................ 546 18,900 (4) 352.06 10.46 136 148.0 28.0

Hawaii 5 (private plans) ...........................................

 5 Includes data not shown separately for special fund for workers whose disability begins during unemployment. In 1998, the fund paid $68,472 in benefits.

263 5,347 24.9 365.00 3.16 35.6 28.7 (4)

New Jersey 6 ...........................................................

 6 State fiscal year data.

 7 3,341

 7 Estimated data.

(4) (4) (4) (4) (4) 452.5 29.8

State-operated fund.............................................. 7 2,676 7 45,100 (4) 282.00 (4) 352.5 319.0 28.1

Private plans ........................................................ 7 665 (4) (4) (4) (4) (4) 133.5 1.7

New York 6............................................................... 6,594 42,959 50.1 185.05 7.10 (4) 555.6 9.1

Special state fund 8 .............................................

 8 For workers whose disability begins during unemployment.

. . . . . . .6 147.20 15.00 (4) 4.4 6.0

Private plans 9 .....................................................

 9 Includes State Insurance Fund of $12.1 million.

6,594 42,959 49.5 185.49 7.10 421.0 10 551.2

 10 Includes medical, surgical, and hospital benefits amounting to $69.3 million paid under approved plans.

(4)

Puerto Rico .............................................................. 599 10,778 (4) (4) (4) (4) 9.2 2.5

State-operated fund.............................................. 178 5,339 1.3 89.00 8.46 12.3 6.1 2.3

Private plans ........................................................ 421 5,439 .6 91.00 7.99 .9 3.1 .2

Rhode Island (state-operated fund) ......................... 392 8,796 7.6 263.00 9.60 105.0 103.8 5.8

Railroad (publicly operated fund)............................. 256 2,943 11 5.6

 11 For 14-day registration period.

 12 214.50

 12 For benefit year 1997–1998 (July 1, 1997–June 30, 1998).

1214.00 13 87.4

 13 Single system of contributions and administrative operations for railroad unemployment insurance and temporary disability; collections amounted to $87.4 million and 

administrative expenses to $14.3 million for the system in 1998.

 14 32.8

 14 Of this amount, $29.3 million was for regular benefits and $3.5 million for extended benefits.

1314.3
9.D Black Lung Benefits

CONTACT: Wayne Tacy/Joseph Bondar (301) 731-5116/(410) 965-0162 for further information.

324 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Table 9.D1.—Currently payable to miners, widows, and dependents, 1970–20001

1Benefits payable under Part B of the Black Lung program established by the Federal Coal Mine Health and Safety Act of 1969. Beginning Oct. 1, 1997, responsibility for 

maintenance and payment of Part B benefits was transferred from the Social Security Administration (SSA) to the Department of Labor (DOL); SSA, however, maintains 

responsibility for conducting formal hearings necessary to resolve contested issues with regard to Part B claims. Benefits under Part C (generally claims arising July 1, 1973 and 

later) are also administered by the DOL but are not included here.

December

Number Benefits (in thousands)

Total Miners Widows Dependents 2

2 Includes wives of living miners, divorced wives, children, and dependent brothers and sisters of miners.

Monthly

amount

Annual

amount

1970.................................................................. 111,976 43,921 24,889 43,166 $12,500 $111,000

1971.................................................................. 231,729 77,213 67,358 87,158 27,200 378,900

1972.................................................................. 298,963 101,802 88,067 109,094 37,800 554,400

1973.................................................................. 461,491 159,837 124,154 177,500 63,700 1,045,200

1974.................................................................. 487,216 169,097 134,700 183,419 71,500 951,300

1975.................................................................. 482,311 165,405 139,407 177,499 75,500 947,700

1976.................................................................. 469,655 158,087 142,495 169,073 77,400 963,300

1977.................................................................. 457,399 148,720 144,543 164,136 80,500 942,200

1978.................................................................. 439,970 138,648 145,829 155,493 82,300 965,100

1979.................................................................. 418,948 129,558 146,527 142,863 86,500 983,100

1980.................................................................. 399,477 120,235 146,603 132,639 91,400 1,032,000

1981.................................................................. 376,505 111,249 146,173 119,083 91,700 1,081,300

1982.................................................................. 354,569 102,234 144,863 107,472 90,800 1,076,000

1983.................................................................. 333,358 93,694 142,967 96,697 86,300 1,055,800

1984.................................................................. 313,822 85,658 140,995 87,169 85,300 1,038,000

1985.................................................................. 294,846 77,836 138,328 78,682 83,700 1,025,000

1986.................................................................. 275,783 70,253 135,033 70,497 78,900 971,000

1987.................................................................. 258,988 63,573 131,561 63,854 76,800 940,000

1988.................................................................. 241,626 56,977 127,322 57,327 73,500 904,000

1989.................................................................. 225,764 51,048 123,220 51,496 72,000 882,000

1990.................................................................. 210,678 45,643 118,705 46,330 70,000 863,400

1991.................................................................. 196,419 40,703 114,046 41,670 68,400 844,400

1992.................................................................. 182,396 35,971 109,091 37,334 66,500 822,500

1993.................................................................. 168,365 31,664 103,334 33,367 64,100 794,300

1994.................................................................. 155,172 27,828 97,414 29,930 60,600 751,900

1995.................................................................. 143,011 24,573 91,517 26,921 56,100 696,700

1996.................................................................. 131,143 21,477 85,559 24,107 52,600 654,600

1997.................................................................. 119,233 18,488 79,238 21,507 49,255 614,888

1998.................................................................. 109,271 15,964 73,420 19,887 46,204 576,389

1999.................................................................. 98,977 13,635 67,359 17,983 43,225 541,200

2000.................................................................. 89,355 11,587 61,542 16,226 40,625 509,290
9.D Black Lung Benefits

CONTACT: Wayne Tacy/Joseph Bondar (301) 731-5116/(410) 965-0162 for further information.

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 325

Table 9.D2.—Currently payable to miners, widows, and dependents, by state, December 2000 1

1Benefits payable under Part B of the Black Lung program established by the Federal Coal Mine Health and Safety Act of 1969. Beginning Oct. 1, 1997, responsibility for 

maintenance and payment of Part B benefits was transferred from the Social Security Administration (SSA) to the Department of Labor (DOL); SSA, however, maintains 

responsibility for conducting formal hearings necessary to resolve contested issues with regard to Part B claims. Benefits under Part C (generally claims arising July 1, 1973 and 

later) are also administered by the DOL but are not included here.

State

Number Monthly amount (in thousands) 

Total Miners Widows Dependents 2

2 Includes wives of living miners, divorced wives, children, and dependent brothers and sisters of miners.

Total Miners 3

3 Includes benefits for wives and children.

Widows 4

4 Includes benefits for surviving children, brothers, sisters, and divorced wives. Prior to December 1997, monthly payments for surviving children were included with payments 

to miners. 5 Less than $500.

Total .......................... 89,355 11,587 61,542 16,226 $40,625 $7,554 $33,070

Alabama............................. 3,743 313 2,728 702 1,678 203 1,475

Alaska ................................ 14 . . . 13 1 6 . . . 6

Arizona............................... 260 24 209 27 122 14 107

Arkansas............................ 513 67 379 67 236 43 193

California............................ 637 56 516 65 300 34 266

Colorado ............................ 662 71 509 82 307 46 261

Connecticut........................ 177 11 147 19 83 7 76

Delaware............................ 115 10 92 13 54 6 48

District of Columbia............ 30 2 25 3 14 1 12

Florida................................ 2,113 253 1,489 371 954 169 785

Georgia .............................. 341 33 256 52 156 20 136

Hawaii ................................ 4 . . . 3 1 2 . . . 1

Idaho.................................. 27 2 19 6 13 1 11

Illinois................................. 3,353 289 2,654 410 1,569 184 1,384

Indiana ............................... 1,792 179 1,323 290 830 114 715

Iowa ................................... 374 42 286 46 176 25 150

Kansas............................... 173 9 150 14 82 5 77

Kentucky ............................ 12,488 2,199 7,273 3,016 5,497 1,476 4,021

Louisiana............................ 33 4 23 6 15 2 12

Maine ................................. 3 . . . 3 . . . 1 . . . 1

Maryland ............................ 799 72 596 131 371 45 325

Massachusetts................... 47 2 38 7 22 1 20

Michigan............................. 988 72 779 137 465 46 418

Minnesota .......................... 24 . . . 21 3 11 . . . 11

Mississippi.......................... 52 7 37 8 23 4 19

Missouri.............................. 280 11 235 34 132 7 125

Montana............................. 113 11 90 12 53 6 46

Nebraska............................ 11 . . . 10 1 5 . . . 5

Nevada............................... 75 4 63 8 35 2 32

New Hampshire ................. 3 . . . 3 . . . 1 . . . 1

New Jersey ........................ 666 40 559 67 314 24 289

New Mexico ....................... 193 18 147 28 90 12 77

New York............................ 592 40 475 77 279 25 254

North Carolina.................... 750 80 535 135 338 51 286

North Dakota...................... 7 . . . 7 . . . 3 . . . 3

Ohio ................................... 5,496 536 4,044 916 2,544 349 2,195

Oklahoma........................... 417 55 307 55 192 34 158

Oregon............................... 69 8 50 11 32 4 27

Pennsylvania...................... 22,374 2,650 16,664 3,060 10,405 1,654 8,751

Rhode Island...................... 8 . . . 7 1 3 . . . 3

South Carolina ................... 253 26 176 51 112 16 96

South Dakota ..................... 2 . . . 2 . . . (5) . . . (5)

Tennessee.......................... 3,515 426 2,377 712 1,572 278 1,294

Texas.................................. 250 19 190 41 117 11 105

Utah ................................... 438 58 320 60 202 37 164

Vermont.............................. 7 . . . 7 . . . 3 . . . 3

Virginia............................... 6,871 1,142 4,226 1,503 3,062 763 2,299

Washington ........................ 157 15 126 16 73 9 63

West Virginia...................... 17,692 2,709 11,065 3,918 7,876 1,792 6,084

Wisconsin........................... 42 2 37 3 20 (5) 19

Wyoming ........................... 169 13 136 20 80 8 72

Other.................................. 143 7 116 20 68 5 63
9.D Black Lung Benefits

CONTACT: Wayne Tacy/Joseph Bondar (301) 731-5116/(410) 965-0162 for further information.

326 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Table 9.D3.—Currently payable to miners and widows, by age, December 2000 1

1Benefits payable under Part B of the Black Lung program established by the Federal Coal Mine Health and Safety Act of 1969. Beginning Oct. 1, 1997, responsibility for 

maintenance and payment of Part B benefits was transferred from the Social Security Administration (SSA) to the Department of Labor (DOL); SSA, however, maintains 

responsibility for conducting formal hearings necessary to resolve contested issues with regard to Part B claims. Benefits under Part C (generally claims arising July 1, 1973 and 

later) are also administered by the DOL but are not included here.

Age

Total Miners Widows

Number

Average

monthly

benefit 2

2 Includes benefits for wives and children.

Number

Average

monthly

benefit2 Number

Average

monthly

benefit 3

3 Includes benefits for surviving children, brothers, sisters, and divorced wives. Prior to December 1997, monthly payments for surviving children were included with payments 

to miners. 4 Includes miners and widows for whom age is not available.

Total........................................................... 4 73,129 $519.79 4 11,587 $651.98 4 61,542 $494.91

Under 45 ........................................................... 79 573.70 7 626.43 72 568.57

45–54................................................................ 315 548.05 9 663.00 306 544.67

55–64................................................................ 1,770 546.26 291 717.09 1,479 512.65

65–74................................................................ 9,683 542.80 2,032 700.38 7,651 500.94

75–84................................................................ 30,552 521.64 4,996 660.41 25,556 494.51

85 or older......................................................... 30,588 508.81 4,252 614.49 26,336 491.75
9.F Veterans’ Benefits

CONTACT: Rita L. DiSimone (202) 358-6221 for futher information.

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 327

Table 9.F1.—Number of payments, by type of payment and age, 1940–2000

[In thousands]

Period Total 1

 1 Persons receiving payments under special acts and as retired emergency and reserve officers included in total but excluded from distribution.

Disability compensation or pension

Service-connected

Non-service-connected

All

ages

Under age 65 Aged 65 or older

Total

Disability rating 2

 2 Disability rated by the Department of Veterans Affairs according to average impairment of earning capacity, graduated in intervals from 10–100 percent.

Total

Disability rating 2

All

ages

Under

age 65

Aged

65 or older

Less than

70 percent

70–100

percent

Less than

70 percent

70–100

percent

As of June 30:

1940 ................................................... 610 385 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189 . . . . . .

1945 ................................................... 1,144 912 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159 . . . . . .

1950 ................................................... 2,368 1,990 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 290 . . . . . .

1955 ................................................... 2,669 2,076 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 531 . . . . . .

1956 ................................................... 2,739 2,083 2,026 1,841 185 57 43 14 597 319 278

As of June 20:

1957 ................................................... 2,797 2,074 2,004 1,825 179 70 53 17 670 304 366

1958 ................................................... 2,850 2,064 1,980 1,807 173 84 65 19 741 279 462

1959 ................................................... 2,934 2,053 1,952 1,781 171 101 78 23 841 257 584

1960 ................................................... 3,009 2,027 1,908 1,746 162 119 93 26 947 219 728

1961 ................................................... 3,107 2,000 1,868 1,711 158 131 104 27 1,077 182 895

1962 ................................................... 3,150 1,987 1,849 1,693 156 138 109 29 1,138 166 972

1963 ................................................... 3,181 1,989 1,844 1,686 158 145 115 30 1,170 165 1,005

1964 ................................................... 3,197 1,993 1,846 1,684 162 147 117 30 1,186 176 1,010

1965 ................................................... 3,217 1,992 1,846 1,679 167 146 117 29 1,210 197 1,013

1966 ................................................... 3,201 1,993 1,850 1,677 173 143 115 28 1,196 221 975

1967 ................................................... 3,182 1,999 1,858 1,683 175 141 114 27 1,173 243 930

1968 ................................................... 3,164 2,011 1,873 1,696 177 138 112 26 1,145 265 880

1969 ................................................... 3,160 2,039 1,904 1,712 192 135 110 25 1,114 286 828

1970 ................................................... 3,181 2,091 1,950 1,754 196 141 116 25 1,086 310 776

1971 ................................................... 3,222 2,146 1,995 1,780 215 151 128 23 1,073 335 738

1972 ................................................... 3,269 2,183 2,022 1,804 218 161 135 26 1,086 381 705

1973 ................................................... 3,257 2,204 2,028 1,806 222 176 150 26 1,053 402 651

1974 ................................................... 3,241 2,211 2,018 1,796 222 193 165 28 1,030 410 620

1975 ................................................... 3,227 2,220 2,006 1,784 222 214 185 29 1,006 430 576

1976 ................................................... 3,236 2,232 1,996 1,767 229 236 209 27 1,003 456 547

As of September 30:

1977 ................................................... 3,280 2,248 1,989 1,759 230 258 226 32 1,032 505 527

1978 ................................................... 3,284 2,259 1,971 1,741 230 288 254 34 1,025 516 509

1979 ................................................... 3,241 2,267 1,944 1,717 227 323 285 38 974 500 474

1980 ................................................... 3,196 2,274 1,912 1,689 223 362 320 42 922 467 455

1981 ................................................... 3,154 2,279 1,873 1,656 217 406 359 47 875 438 437

1982 ................................................... 3,096 2,274 1,818 1,606 210 456 404 52 824 406 418

1983 ................................................... 3,044 2,263 1,744 1,544 200 519 461 58 781 373 408

1984 ................................................... 2,980 2,251 1,666 1,476 190 585 520 65 729 339 390

1985 ................................................... 2,931 2,240 1,589 1,408 181 651 579 72 690 306 384

1986 ................................................... 2,883 2,225 1,505 1,335 169 720 641 79 658 274 384

1987 ................................................... 2,844 2,212 1,428 1,268 160 784 698 86 631 244 387

1988 ................................................... 2,804 2,199 1,361 1,209 153 838 746 92 606 219 387

1989 ................................................... 2,776 2,192 1,302 1,156 146 890 792 98 584 196 388

1990 ................................................... 2,746 2,184 1,253 1,113 140 931 828 102 562 175 387

1991 ................................................... 2,709 2,179 1,238 1,098 140 941 838 103 530 156 375

1992 ................................................... 2,674 2,181 1,245 1,104 141 936 833 103 493 138 354

1993 ................................................... 2,660 2,198 1,265 1,122 143 932 828 104 462 128 335

1994 ................................................... 2,659 2,218 1,290 1,144 146 928 824 104 441 122 319

1995 ................................................... 2,669 2,236 1,310 1,158 152 926 819 107 433 120 313

1996 ................................................... 2,671 2,253 1,330 1,171 158 923 814 109 418 116 302

1997 ................................................... 2,667 2,263 1,346 1,178 168 917 805 112 404 112 292

1998 ................................................... 2,668 2,277 1,372 1,191 180 905 790 115 391 110 281

1999 ................................................... 2,673 2,294 1,404 1,209 195 890 771 119 379 113 266

2000 ................................................... 2,672 2,308 1,435 1,224 211 874 751 123 364 115 249

Source: Department of Veterans Affairs published and unpublished data. 
9.G TANF/AFDC & Emergency Assistance

CONTACT: Evelyn Mills (202) 401-4055 for further information.

328 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Table 9.G1.—Average monthly number of recipients, total amount of cash payments, and average monthly payment, 

1936–1999

 [Includes nonmedical vendor payments. Includes Alaska and Hawaii, beginning in 1943; Puerto Rico and the

 Virgin Islands, beginning in October 1950, and Guam, beginning in July 1959]

Year 

Temporary Assistance for Needy Families/

Aid to Families with Dependent Children 1

1 Thirty-four states had converted to TANF as of Jan. 1, 1997; eight phased in over the next 5 months; the remaining 12 waited until July 1, 1997. 

Emergency Assistance 2

2 Reporting initiated July 1969. Number of states with program: 1969-70, 23; 1971, 24; 1972, 27; 1973-75, 29; 1976-78, 26; 1979, 24; 1980-84, 27; 1985-86, 28;

1987, 29; 1988, 30; 1989, 31; 1990, 33; 1991, 34; 1992, 34; 1993, 35; 1994, 49; 1995, 50; 1996, 51; and 1997, 34. Program ended June 30, 1997.

Average monthly number (in thousands) Amount in payments 3

3 TANF expenditures include services as well as cash payments.

Average

monthly

number of

families (in

thousands)

Total

 assistance

 payments

during year

 (in thousands)

Average

monthly

payment

Families per family

Recipients

Total

(in thousands)

Monthly average per—

Total Children Family Recipient

1936...................... 147 534 361 $49,678 $28.15 $7.75 . . . . . . . . .

1940...................... 349 1,182 840 133,770 31.98 9.43 . . . . . . . . .

1945...................... 259 907 656 149,667 48.18 13.75 . . . . . . . . .

1950...................... 644 2,205 1,637 551,653 71.33 17.64 . . . . . . . . .

1955...................... 612 2,214 1,673 617,841 84.17 23.26 . . . . . . . . .

1960...................... 787 3,005 2,314 1,000,784 105.75 27.75 . . . . . . . . .

1961...................... 869 3,354 2,587 1,156,769 110.97 28.74 . . . . . . . . .

1962...................... 931 3,676 2,818 1,298,774 116.30 29.44 . . . . . . . . .

1963...................... 947 3,876 2,909 1,365,851 120.19 29.36 . . . . . . . . .

1964...................... 992 4,118 3,091 1,510,352 126.88 30.57 . . . . . . . . .

1965...................... 1,039 4,329 3,256 1,660,186 133.20 31.96 . . . . . . . . .

1966...................... 1,088 4,513 3,411 1,863,925 142.83 34.42 . . . . . . . . .

1967...................... 1,217 5,014 3,771 2,266,400 155.19 37.67 . . . . . . . . .

1968...................... 1,410 5,705 4,275 2,849,298 168.41 41.62 . . . . . . . . .

1969...................... 1,698 6,706 4,985 3,563,427 174.89 44.28 7.5 $6,699 $117.23

1970...................... 2,208 8,466 6,214 4,852,964 183.13 47.77 7.5 11,396 126.14

1971...................... 2,762 10,241 7,434 6,203,528 187.16 50.48 11.1 19,843 148.54

1972...................... 3,049 10,947 7,905 6,909,260 188.87 52.60 19.9 44,180 184.91

1973...................... 3,148 10,949 7,902 7,212,035 190.91 54.89 18.8 39,265 174.05

1974...................... 3,230 10,864 7,822 7,916,563 204.27 60.72 31.3 64,031 170.38

1975...................... 3,498 11,346 8,095 9,210,995 219.44 67.65 38.3 77,516 168.85

1976...................... 3,579 11,304 8,001 10,140,543 236.10 74.75 27.5 55,673 168.43

1977...................... 3,588 11,050 7,773 10,603,820 246.27 79.97 32.8 66,132 168.05

1978...................... 3,522 10,570 7,402 10,730,415 253.89 84.60 34.5 80,919 195.24

1979...................... 3,509 10,312 7,179 11,068,864 262.86 89.45 35.7 84,043 195.92

1980...................... 3,712 10,774 7,419 12,475,245 280.03 96.49 48.6 113,238 194.29

1981...................... 3,835 10,079 7,527 12,981,115 282.04 97.64 49.1 123,467 209.51

1982...................... 3,542 10,258 6,903 12,877,906 303.02 103.60 27.5 102,344 4 278.54

4 Excludes family count and expenditures for states providing only partial data.

1983...................... 3,686 10,761 7,098 13,837,228 312.82 107.16 30.0 125,246 4 283.15

1984...................... 3,714 10,831 7,144 14,503,710 325.44 111.60 32.1 141,137 4 276.97

1985...................... 3,701 10,855 7,198 15,195,835 342.15 116.65 32.6 157,304 4 312.98

1986...................... 3,763 11,038 7,334 16,033,074 355.04 121.05 34.8 178,824 4 362.45

1987...................... 3,776 11,027 7,366 16,372,535 361.37 123.73 42.4 213,903 4 358.29

1988...................... 3,749 10,915 7,329 16,826,794 374.07 128.47 48.8 278,906 4 420.89

1989...................... 3,799 10,993 7,420 17,465,943 383.14 132.40 48.7 296,841 4 461.45

1990...................... 4,057 11,695 7,917 19,066,541 391.67 135.86 56.0 348,986 4 476.50

1991...................... 4,467 12,930 8,715 20,930,600 390.44 134.89 59.7 302,894 4 422.07

1992...................... 4,829 13,773 9,303 21,655,881 373.71 131.03 52.7 272,853 4 431.41

1993...................... 5,012 14,205 9,574 22,688,016 377.24 133.10 56.8 387,113 4 568.17

1994...................... 5,035 14,164 9,570 22,827,399 377.78 134.30 60.5 802,258 4 1,105.95

1995...................... 4,791 13,418 9,135 21,608,686 375.31 134.21 84.1 3,447,361 4 3,415.93

1996...................... 4,434 12,321 8,469 20,614,437 386.68 139.44 69.8 2,708,401 4 3,235.10

1997...................... 3,740 10,376 7,042 22,031,399 490.01 176.95 81.8 403,138 4 410.74

1998...................... 3,050 8,347 6,034 19,328,429 528.04 192.96 . . . . . . . . .

1999...................... 2,555 6,835 5,130 22,759,897 742.45 277.48 . . . . . . . . .
9.G TANF/AFDC & Emergency Assistance

CONTACT: Evelyn Mills (202) 401-4055 for further information.

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 329

Table 9.G2.—Average monthly number of families and recipients of cash payments and total amount of payments, by state, 

1999

State 

TANF

effective

date 1

1 Transition from AFDC to TANF reporting systems occurred July 1, 1997 or 6 months after TANF effective date, whichever was later. 

Temporary Assistance for Needy Families

Average monthly number of— Amount of payments

Families

Recipients

Total

(in thousands)

Monthly average per—

Total Children Family Recipient

Total .............................. 2,554,603 6,835,260 5,130,247 $22,759,897 $742.45 $277.48

Alabama................................... 11/15/96 19,817 49,470 38,257 91,038 $382.83 $153.36

Alaska ...................................... 7/1/97 8,128 25,221 16,640 85,343 874.96 281.99

Arizona..................................... 10/1/96 33,895 89,097 49,030 240,416 591.08 224.86

Arkansas.................................. 7/1/97 11,979 29,023 21,913 84,210 585.80 241.79

California.................................. 11/26/96 591,812 1,661,769 1,294,329 6,615,099 931.48 331.73

Colorado .................................. 7/1/97 13,263 35,207 28,165 123,404 775.37 292.09

Connecticut.............................. 10/1/96 32,028 77,955 57,404 363,044 944.60 388.09

Delaware.................................. 3/10/97 6,385 16,613 12,448 62,372 814.09 312.87

District of Columbia.................. 3/1/97 18,744 50,153 39,029 121,847 541.70 202.46

Florida...................................... 10/1/96 77,274 184,486 150,196 430,761 464.54 194.58

Georgia .................................... 1/1/97 59,123 150,324 115,378 343,899 484.73 190.64

Guam ....................................... 7/1/97 1,952 6,648 4,958 12,165 519.28 152.49

Hawaii ...................................... 7/1/97 15,610 45,606 32,508 118,227 631.16 216.03

Idaho........................................ 7/1/97 1,303 2,499 2,055 33,248 2,126.40 1,108.87

Illinois....................................... 7/1/97 112,469 335,395 261,860 785,688 582.15 195.21

Indiana ..................................... 10/1/96 36,910 107,688 76,201 199,491 450.40 154.37

Iowa ......................................... 1/1/97 21,434 57,618 39,305 163,020 633.80 235.78

Kansas..................................... 10/1/96 12,775 32,356 23,709 187,284 1,221.71 482.35

Kentucky .................................. 10/18/96 41,200 95,488 70,527 215,659 436.20 188.21

Louisiana.................................. 1/1/97 35,636 101,299 95,018 121,722 284.64 100.13

Maine ....................................... 11/1/96 12,748 33,436 23,303 89,180 582.98 222.27

Maryland .................................. 12/9/96 32,299 81,736 62,219 280,507 723.72 285.99

Massachusetts......................... 9/30/96 51,169 121,784 92,024 628,883 1,024.20 430.33

Michigan................................... 9/30/96 89,102 243,818 191,119 1,083,499 1,013.35 370.32

Minnesota ................................ 7/1/97 41,441 120,788 87,209 363,334 730.62 250.67

Mississippi................................ 10/1/96 15,770 36,191 31,809 84,483 446.42 194.53

Missouri.................................... 12/1/96 49,130 128,485 99,089 295,717 501.59 191.80

Montana................................... 12/16/96 4,620 13,618 9,057 38,357 691.84 234.72

Nebraska.................................. 12/1/96 10,797 30,900 21,789 81,375 628.06 219.46

Nevada..................................... 12/3/96 7,318 18,359 14,485 58,689 668.31 266.40

New Hampshire ....................... 10/1/96 6,255 15,274 10,509 57,819 770.31 315.47

New Jersey .............................. 2/1/97 59,256 155,067 119,490 423,058 594.96 227.35

New Mexico ............................. 7/1/97 25,325 79,183 53,311 116,092 382.01 122.18

New York.................................. 12/2/96 309,800 793,366 556,264 3,367,194 905.74 353.68

North Carolina.......................... 1/1/97 55,034 123,748 96,815 394,949 598.04 265.96

North Dakota............................ 7/1/97 3,061 8,409 6,135 31,847 867.04 315.60

Ohio ......................................... 10/1/96 104,215 262,806 203,846 792,541 633.74 251.31

Oklahoma................................. 10/1/96 18,194 49,152 34,922 156,684 717.66 265.65

Oregon..................................... 10/1/96 16,922 43,891 30,530 264,048 1,300.29 501.33

Pennsylvania............................ 3/3/97 100,622 280,084 204,790 1,285,821 1,064.89 382.57

Puerto Rico .............................. 7/1/97 34,946 102,806 75,736 42,390 101.08 34.36

Rhode Island............................ 5/1/97 17,613 48,891 29,557 154,027 728.74 262.54

South Carolina ......................... 10/12/96 17,440 41,029 32,837 118,565 566.54 240.82

South Dakota ........................... 12/1/96 3,070 7,667 6,094 21,601 586.38 234.77

Tennessee................................ 10/1/96 57,287 153,286 110,581 242,553 352.84 131.86

Texas........................................ 11/5/96 115,313 310,698 228,161 599,296 433.10 160.74

Utah ......................................... 10/1/96 9,430 27,435 18,112 78,034 689.61 237.03

Vermont.................................... 9/20/96 6,492 17,585 11,500 62,417 801.26 295.78

Virgin Islands ........................... 7/1/97 992 3,529 2,653 3,040 255.26 71.77

Virginia..................................... 2/1/97 35,977 85,933 62,861 243,055 562.99 235.70

Washington .............................. 1/10/97 60,805 166,085 117,607 503,048 689.43 252.41

West Virginia............................ 1/11/97 11,322 30,961 20,780 69,790 513.69 187.84

Wisconsin................................. 9/30/96 18,347 43,777 34,880 316,422 1,437.20 602.34

Wyoming.................................. 1/1/97 756 1,576 1,247 13,645 1,503.72 721.45
9.H Food Stamps 

CONTACT: Jenny Genser (703) 305-2152 for further information.

330 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Table 9.H1.—Number of persons participating, value of benefits, and average benefit per person, fiscal years 1962–2000 1

1Between 1974 and 1979, Supplemental Security Income (SSI) recipients were made ineligible for food stamps in Massachusetts, Wisconsin, California and selected 

counties in New York and Virginia because those areas supplemented SSI payments in amounts that included the value of food stamps. As of 1983 and 1992, SSI recipients 

were returned to the Food Stamp program in Massachusetts and Wisconsin, respectively, when these states chose to stop including a value for food stamps in the SSI 

supplement.

Fiscal year

Persons participating,

average during year

(in thousands)

Annual benefit

(in thousands)

Annual average

monthly benefit 2

per person

2 That portion of the food stamp allotment, before the elimination of the purchase requirement, represented the government's share of total food stamps received. Since 

January 1979, only the bonus portion of the total food stamp allotment is received by participants.

1962................................................................................................................ 143 $13,153 $7.66

1963................................................................................................................ 226 18,639 6.87

1964................................................................................................................ 367 28,643 6.50

1965................................................................................................................ 424 32,494 6.39

1966................................................................................................................ 864 64,781 6.25

1967................................................................................................................ 1,447 105,455 6.07

1968................................................................................................................ 2,211 172,982 6.52

1969................................................................................................................ 2,878 228,587 6.62

1970................................................................................................................ 4,340 550,806 10.58

1971................................................................................................................ 9,368 1,522,904 13.55

1972................................................................................................................ 11,103 1,794,875 13.47

1973................................................................................................................ 12,190 2,102,133 14.37

1974................................................................................................................ 12,896 2,725,988 17.62

1975................................................................................................................ 17,063 4,386,144 21.42

1976................................................................................................................ 18,557 5,310,133 23.85

1977................................................................................................................ 17,058 5,057,700 24.71

1978................................................................................................................ 16,044 5,165,209 26.83

1979................................................................................................................ 17,710 6,484,538 30.51

1980................................................................................................................ 21,077 8,685,521 34.34

1981................................................................................................................ 22,430 10,615,964 39.44

1982 3 .............................................................................................................

3 Excludes participants and benefits under the Puerto Rico Nutrition Assistance Program after July 1, 1982.

21,716 10,205,799 39.18

1983................................................................................................................ 21,630 11,153,867 42.98

1984................................................................................................................ 20,858 10,696,100 42.74

1985................................................................................................................ 19,910 10,744,200 44.99

1986................................................................................................................ 19,428 10,604,950 45.49

1987................................................................................................................ 19,113 10,500,344 45.78

1988................................................................................................................ 18,644 11,149,051 50.00

1989................................................................................................................ 18,766 10,676,436 51.85

1990................................................................................................................ 20,038 14,184,028 59.01

1991................................................................................................................ 22,629 17,307,235 63.89

1992................................................................................................................ 25,403 20,899,531 68.57

1993 4 .............................................................................................................

4 Revised data.

26,982 22,006,031 67.96

1994 4 ............................................................................................................. 27,468 22,748,559 69.01

1995 4 ............................................................................................................. 26,619 22,765,478 71.27

1996................................................................................................................ 25,533 22,440,298 73.23

1997................................................................................................................ 22,851 19,555,263 71.31

1998................................................................................................................ 19,787 16,879,929 71.09

1999................................................................................................................ 18,123 15,761,615 72.23

2000................................................................................................................ 17,155 14,985,093 72.79

Source: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Food and Nutrition Service.
 9.J Low-Income Home Energy Assistance Program

 

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 331

Source: Low-Income Energy Assistance Program: Report to Congress for Fiscal Year 1997.

Table 9.J1.—Number of households receiving home energy assistance, by type of assistance and state, fiscal years 

1997–1999

State Heating Cooling

Energy crisis intervention Low-cost residential

weatherization/energyrelated

Winter Summer home repair

Number of households assisted: 1997 1

1 An unduplicated total of households assisted cannot be derived from these data because the same households may be included under more than one type of assistance.

 Total ............................................................... 2 4,069,409 3129,184 769,154 19,121 82,931

Alabama.................................................................... 44,261 . . . 8,784 13,180 445

Alaska ....................................................................... 2 311,947

2Totals include households that received combined heating and cooling assistance in Arizona, California, and Florida; households that received energy assistance in Hawaii 

with no differentiation made between heating and cooling assistance.

3Heating assistance data include 608 households that received expedited heating assistance payments for home energy crises.

. . . 419 . . . 1,310

Arizona...................................................................... 217,713 (3) 3,141 . . . 560

Arkansas................................................................... 42,964 . . . 12,692 . . . 556

California................................................................... 2171,574 (3) 18,949 . . . 16,373

Colorado ................................................................... 59,566 . . . 1,091 . . . 1,999

Connecticut............................................................... 59,586 . . . 15,356 . . . . . .

Delaware................................................................... 10,958 . . . 534 . . . 263

District of Columbia................................................... 11,147 . . . 2,664 . . . 285

Florida....................................................................... 2 69,999 (3) 21,826 . . . 1,116

Georgia ..................................................................... 80,060 . . . . . . . . . 786

Hawaii ....................................................................... 2 5,703 (3) . . . 1,655 . . .

Idaho......................................................................... 21,186 . . . 2,148 . . . 1,527

Illinois........................................................................ 192,337 . . . 10,509 . . . 524

Indiana ...................................................................... 104,945 5,469 23,122 . . . 1,617

Iowa .......................................................................... 67,993 . . . 5,194 . . . 1,029

Kansas...................................................................... 21,015 . . . 6,481 . . . 401

Kentucky ................................................................... 98,544 . . . 58,597 . . . 3,087

Louisiana................................................................... 15,016 28,291 103 . . . 1,204

Maine ........................................................................ 43,561 . . . 786 . . . 1,006

Maryland ................................................................... 73,404 . . . 3,299 . . . . . .

Massachusetts.......................................................... 119,017 . . . 8,478 . . . 4,861

Michigan.................................................................... 305,634 . . . 73,968 . . . 4,090

Minnesota ................................................................. 88,650 . . . 17,909 . . . 562

Mississippi................................................................. 27,262 10,220 1,376 580 . . .

Missouri..................................................................... 105,010 . . . 28,261 . . . . . .

Montana.................................................................... 17,025 . . . 187 . . . 480

Nebraska................................................................... 27,071 5,149 30,902 360 693

Nevada...................................................................... 8,076 4,316 . . . 124 . . .

New Hampshire ........................................................ 19,074 . . . 2,505 . . . 354

New Jersey ............................................................... 139,567 15,320 7,046 . . . 1,298

New Mexico .............................................................. 65,564 . . . 3,577 547 151

New York................................................................... 659,270 . . . 90,026 . . . 2,818

North Carolina........................................................... 163,161 . . . 44,325 . . . 1,747

North Dakota............................................................. 13,303 105 1,213 . . . 1,321

Ohio .......................................................................... 226,464 . . . 119,843 364 7,498

Oklahoma.................................................................. 62,322 . . . 5,397 . . . 305

Oregon...................................................................... 45,469 . . . 213 . . . 1,960

Pennsylvania............................................................. 234,577 . . . 63,259 . . . 5,059

Rhode Island............................................................. 17,602 . . . 2,535 . . . 409

South Carolina .......................................................... 50,247 . . . 2,818 1,613 675

South Dakota ............................................................ 14,874 . . . 707 . . . 760

Tennessee................................................................. 62,709 7,056 20,142 . . . 1,707

Texas......................................................................... 29,722 48,177 6,350 . . . 1,051

Utah .......................................................................... 25,573 5,081 584 . . . 646

Vermont..................................................................... 13,691 . . . 5,683 698 1,146

Virginia...................................................................... 95,970 . . . 1,769 . . . 768

Washington ............................................................... 55,157 . . . 920 . . . 2,902

West Virginia............................................................. 42,895 . . . 13,141 . . . 555

Wisconsin.................................................................. 103,534 . . . 19,148 . . . 4,851

Wyoming .................................................................. 7,440 . . . 1,177 . . . 176

See footnotes at end of table.
9.J Low-Income Home Energy Assistance Program 

332 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Table 9.J1.—Number of households receiving home energy assistance, by type of assistance and state, fiscal years 

1997–1999—Continued

State Heating Cooling

Energy crisis intervention Low-cost residential

weatherization/energyrelated

Winter Summer home repair

Number of households assisted: 1998 1

1 An unduplicated total of households assisted cannot be derived from these data because the same households may be included under more than one type of assistance.

 Total .............................................................. 2 3,641,836

2Totals include households that received combined heating and cooling assistance in Arizona, California, and Florida; households that received energy assistance in Hawaii 

with no differentiation made between heating and cooling assistance. 

3 316,764 704,640 154,708 85,708

Alabama ................................................................... 36,389 . . . 6,705 44,743 570

Alaska....................................................................... 3 10,729

3Heating assistance data include 608 households that received expedited heating assistance payments for home energy crises.

. . . 573 . . . 1,036

Arizona ..................................................................... 217,316 (3) 3,041 . . . 495

Arkansas................................................................... 39,030 19,850 16,640 5,436 607

California .................................................................. 2121,161 (3) 22,916 . . . 16,983

Colorado................................................................... 57,802 . . . 1,245 . . . 1,569

Connecticut............................................................... 56,602 . . . 10,945 . . . . . .

Delaware .................................................................. 10,517 . . . 777 . . . 246

District of Columbia .................................................. 10,842 . . . 2,502 . . . 350

Florida....................................................................... 33,770 48,054 14,421 51,368 783

Georgia..................................................................... 64,189 48,334 . . . . . . . . . . . 875

Hawaii....................................................................... 2 5,298 (3) . . . 1,550 . . .

Idaho......................................................................... 21,803 . . . 2,739 . . . 1,178

Illinois........................................................................ 152,497 . . . 8,544 . . . 2,841

Indiana...................................................................... 105,380 22,269 24,574 . . . 1,668

Iowa.......................................................................... 64,039 . . . 4,894 . . . 970

Kansas...................................................................... 18,721 . . . 5,181 . . . 385

Kentucky................................................................... 92,642 . . . 48,778 . . . 1,874

Louisiana .................................................................. 14,687 29,375 . . . . . . 383

Maine........................................................................ 36,604 852 40,273 251

Maryland................................................................... 68,733 . . . 16,554 2,278 42

Massachusetts.......................................................... 112,593 . . . 8,259 . . . 6,800

Michigan ................................................................... 299,787 . . . 49,469 . . . 3,133

Minnesota ................................................................. 81,486 . . . 10,317 . . . 466

Mississippi ................................................................ 21,265 18,914 2,370 5,873 . . .

Missouri .................................................................... 93,143 . . . 26,917 . . . . . .

Montana.................................................................... 15,211 . . . 189 . . . 301

Nebraska .................................................................. 23,064 5,333 10,947 . . . 519

Nevada ..................................................................... 8,257 4,343 . . . . . . . . .

New Hampshire ........................................................ 17,598 . . . 2,606 . . . 219

New Jersey............................................................... 120,656 19,441 7,726 . . . 964

New Mexico .............................................................. 11,543 3,372 7,220 1,275 93

New York .................................................................. 563,883 . . . 9,580 . . . 9,590

North Carolina .......................................................... 216,539 . . . 84,719 . . . 2,301

North Dakota ............................................................ 11,007 275 1,004 . . . 1,093

Ohio.......................................................................... 207,951 . . . 108,942 362 6,022

Oklahoma ................................................................. 56,841 37,383 6,087 . . . 291

Oregon...................................................................... 42,781 . . . 117 . . . 1,960

Pennsylvania ............................................................ 231,740 . . . 65,324 . . . 4,150

Rhode Island ............................................................ 16,288 . . . 2,351 127 456

South Carolina.......................................................... 48,909 . . . 1,839 1,332 675

South Dakota............................................................ 13,134 . . . 469 . . . 702

Tennessee ................................................................ 50,746 28,671 13,941 . . . 2,172

Texas ........................................................................ 19,034 31,150 53,464 . . . 1,946

Utah .......................................................................... 26,037 . . . 662 . . . 782

Vermont .................................................................... 14,140 . . . 4,600 91 1,192

Virginia...................................................................... 91,275 . . . 3,320 . . . 736

Washington............................................................... 46,214 . . . 904 . . . 3,257

West Virginia ............................................................ 43,131 . . . 11,737 . . . 516

Wisconsin ................................................................. 92,271 . . . 17,074 . . . 2,071

Wyoming .................................................................. 6,561 . . . 605 . . . 195

See footnotes at end of table.
 9.J Low-Income Home Energy Assistance Program

CONTACT: Leon Litow (202) 401-5304 for further information.

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 333

Table 9.J1.—Number of households receiving home energy assistance, by type of assistance and state, fiscal years 

1997–1999—Continued

State Heating Cooling

Energy crisis intervention Low-cost residential

weatherization/energyrelated

Winter Summer home repair

Number of households assisted: 1999 1 

 1 An unduplicated total of households assisted cannot be derived from these data because the same households may be included under more than one type of assistance.

 Total ............................................................... 2 3,338,720

 2 Totals include households that received combined heating and cooling assistance in Arizona, California, and Florida; households that received energy assistance in Hawaii 

with no differentiation made between heating and cooling assistance.

 3 532,619

 3 Excludes households that received combined heating and cooling assistance in Arizona, California, and Florida; households that received energy assistance in Hawaii with no 

differentiation made between heating and cooling assistance.

Source: Low–Income Home Energy Assistance Program, U.S. Administration for Children and Families’ administrative data.

757,410 315,470 84,106

Alabama.................................................................... 43,785 . . . 5,980 23,378 407

Alaska ....................................................................... 8,226 . . . 343 . . . 985

Arizona...................................................................... 216,484 (3) 2,711 . . . 473

Arkansas................................................................... 35,600 . . . 16,338 5,329 395

California................................................................... 2 06,338 (3) 27,363 . . . 15,377

Colorado ................................................................... 48,656 . . . 979 . . . 1,536

Connecticut............................................................... 52,587 . . . 7,375 32,919 . . .

Delaware................................................................... 9,716 2,620 676 . . . 181

District of Columbia................................................... 14,046 . . . 3,710 . . . 119

Florida....................................................................... 34,701 36,425 12,617 63,638 1,346

Georgia ..................................................................... 62,881 . . . . . . . . . 1,457

Hawaii ....................................................................... 2 5,509 (3) . . . 1,442 . . .

Idaho......................................................................... 21,229 . . . 1,691 . . . 1,004

Illinois........................................................................ 84,334 27,417 6,358 . . . 1,987

Indiana ...................................................................... 84,469 31,226 12,394 . . . 1,487

Iowa .......................................................................... 60,159 60,159 1,718 568 2,058

Kansas...................................................................... 20,500 . . . 4,699 . . . 448

Kentucky ................................................................... 84,469 44,127 51,804 . . . 802

Louisiana................................................................... 3,457 17,285 . . . . . . 321

Maine ........................................................................ 35,696 31,816 814 . . . 326

Maryland ................................................................... 64,773 64,773 5,319 2,415 . . .

Massachusetts.......................................................... 105,665 95,056 7,453 . . . 6,763

Michigan.................................................................... 289,878 . . . 34,331 . . . 1,212

Minnesota ................................................................. 89,924 . . . 19,479 . . . 498

Mississippi................................................................. 21,855 15,985 2,714 580 . . .

Missouri..................................................................... 88,498 . . . 43,830 . . . . . .

Montana.................................................................... 13,984 . . . 348 348 553

Nebraska................................................................... 21,472 5,607 27,508 575 557

Nevada...................................................................... 8,001 4,363 . . . 9 . . .

New Hampshire ........................................................ 17,051 5,823 2,193 . . . 151

New Jersey ............................................................... 113,086 19,983 8,846 28,723 1,826

New Mexico .............................................................. 18,856 . . . 3,343 . . . 441

New York................................................................... 547,246 . . . 90,712 . . . 8,579

North Carolina........................................................... 117,052 . . . 65,156 . . . 1,993

North Dakota............................................................. 10,983 3 955 . . . 471

Ohio .......................................................................... 195,272 . . . 102,487 43,734 4,453

Oklahoma.................................................................. 57,316 . . . 10,745 . . . 338

Oregon...................................................................... 46,082 . . . 151 . . . 1,960

Pennsylvania............................................................. 215,876 . . . 42,696 84,490 4,347

Rhode Island............................................................. 15,886 . . . 2,220 13,626 195

South Carolina .......................................................... 52,222 . . . 2,690 2,488 1,181

South Dakota ............................................................ 12,038 . . . 398 . . . 664

Tennessee................................................................. 45,390 16,003 12,953 . . . 2,380

Texas......................................................................... 18,176 28,895 65,609 . . . 3,867

Utah .......................................................................... 17,363 . . . 391 . . . 675

Vermont..................................................................... 13,165 12,717 4,504 940 1,000

Virginia...................................................................... 82,988 7,533 4,063 . . . 1,700

Washington ............................................................... 50,507 . . . 1,417 . . . 3,257

West Virginia............................................................. 39,216 . . . 13,156 . . . 974

Wisconsin.................................................................. 87,002 . . . 23,414 11,196 3,257

Wyoming .................................................................. 6,317 . . . 759 . . . 105
9.J Low-Income Home Energy Assistance Program 

CONTACT: Leon Litow (202) 401-5304 for further information.

334 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Table 9.J1.1—Number of households receiving home energy assistance, by type of assistance, fiscal years 1982–1999

Fiscal year

Number of households assisted 1 

 1 An unduplicated total of households assisted cannot be derived from these data because the same households may be included under more than one type of assistance.

Totals include households that received combined heating and cooling assistance in Arizona, California, and Florida; households that received energy assistance in Hawaii with 

no differentiation made between heating and cooling assistance.

Source: Low–Income Home Energy Assistance Program, U.S. Administration for Children and Families’ administrative data.

Heating Cooling

Energy crisis intervention Low-cost residential

weatherization/energyrelated

Winter Summer home repair

1982.......................................................................... 5,990,176 1,075,061 707,123 . . . 430,830

1983.......................................................................... 6,414,448 529,036 972,894 25,342 482,620

1984.......................................................................... 6,443,637 537,598 963,743 28,841 180,748

1985.......................................................................... 6,545,616 511,333 857,809 27,196 217,864

1986.......................................................................... 6,359,924 535,553 951,945 114,194 191,316

1987.......................................................................... 6,495,409 366,721 1,060,425 60,797 172,372

1988.......................................................................... 5,827,481 309,044 981,775 57,750 156,770

1989.......................................................................... 5,595,268 126,977 890,616 20,384 142,584

1990.......................................................................... 5,459,631 358,823 1,058,067 37,340 148,104

1991.......................................................................... 5,769,346 374,483 1,004,634 39,399 127,587

1992.......................................................................... 5,906,292 384,468 950,275 25,570 106,066

1993.......................................................................... 5,282,993 143,279 956,435 47,169 111,295

1994.......................................................................... 5,663,040 145,684 1,127,832 24,532 126,086

1995.......................................................................... 5,147,619 341,041 932,263 77,915 102,817

1996.......................................................................... 4,069,409 129,184 769,154 29,121 82,931

1997.......................................................................... 4,069,409 129,184 769,154 19,121 82,931

1998.......................................................................... 3,641,836 316,764 704,640 154,708 85,708

1999.......................................................................... 3,338,720 532,619 757,410 315,470 84,106
 9.J Low-Income Home Energy Assistance Program 

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 335

Table 9.J2.—Federal net allocations and amounts carried over, by state, fiscal years 1997–1999

State

Amount of regular

federal allocation

Amount of supplemental

federal allocation

Carried over to

following fiscal year

Low-income Home Energy Assistance Program funds: 19971

 Total1 ....................................................................................... $964,896,037 $211,876,438 $59,564,206

Alabama ............................................................................................. 8,331,663 1,556,412 660,286

Alaska................................................................................................. 3,914,822 746,010 383,745

Arizona ............................................................................................... 3,723,469 695,563 . . .

Arkansas............................................................................................. 6,391,684 1,194,014 273,042

California ............................................................................................ 44,626,866 8,336,606 3,522,413

Colorado............................................................................................. 15,668,348 2,926,963 584,120

Connecticut......................................................................................... 20,439,912 3,818,327 . . .

Delaware ............................................................................................ 2,713,005 506,809 299,954

District of Columbia ............................................................................ 3,174,352 592,992 343,965

Florida................................................................................................. 13,249,033 2,475,017 1,437,613

Georgia............................................................................................... 10,479,449 1,957,639 600,943

Hawaii................................................................................................. 1,055,338 197,145 11,435

Idaho................................................................................................... 6,011,493 1,122,987 . . .

Illinois.................................................................................................. 56,574,147 20,044,545 5,653,337

Indiana................................................................................................ 25,608,520 4,783,860 . . .

Iowa.................................................................................................... 18,153,824 6,432,004 1,511,065

Kansas................................................................................................ 8,323,163 1,554,827 1,515,281

Kentucky............................................................................................. 13,330,055 2,490,153 3,980,489

Louisiana ............................................................................................ 8,563,712 1,599,765 . . .

Maine.................................................................................................. 12,757,817 2,383,256 532,308

Maryland............................................................................................. 15,650,582 2,923,645 1,008,581

Massachusetts.................................................................................... 40,876,832 7,636,095 1,996,277

Michigan ............................................................................................. 53,503,729 9,994,891 5,491,176

Minnesota ........................................................................................... 38,696,597 13,710,427 . . .

Mississippi .......................................................................................... 7,169,576 1,339,328 . . .

Missouri .............................................................................................. 22,597,923 8,006,574 1,540,026

Montana.............................................................................................. 6,083,254 2,155,332 241,329

Nebraska ............................................................................................ 8,977,762 3,180,873 . . .

Nevada ............................................................................................... 1,902,629 355,425 180,126

New Hampshire .................................................................................. 7,738,998 1,445,702 274,933

New Jersey......................................................................................... 37,861,945 7,072,891 4,032,007

New Mexico ........................................................................................ 4,691,554 876,412 227,865

New York ............................................................................................ 123,704,329 23,139,615 8,814,529

North Carolina .................................................................................... 18,111,203 3,414,394 24,086

North Dakota ...................................................................................... 6,726,675 4,767,388 686,958

Ohio.................................................................................................... 50,048,288 9,349,391 1,651,195

Oklahoma ........................................................................................... 7,095,942 1,325,561 242,185

Oregon................................................................................................ 12,034,631 2,248,147 . . .

Pennsylvania ...................................................................................... 66,571,289 12,436,010 7,136,263

Rhode Island ...................................................................................... 6,711,108 1,253,683 726,510

South Carolina.................................................................................... 6,652,668 1,242,768 722,660

South Dakota...................................................................................... 5,200,146 3,684,165 . . .

Tennessee .......................................................................................... 13,503,061 2,522,472 184,683

Texas .................................................................................................. 22,050,507 4,119,198 . . .

Utah .................................................................................................... 7,031,651 1,334,106 752,628

Vermont .............................................................................................. 5,800,654 1,083,605 583,098

Virginia................................................................................................ 19,064,159 3,561,326 927,898

Washington......................................................................................... 19,178,470 3,582,648 448,446

West Virginia ...................................................................................... 8,821,510 1,647,923 360,751

Wisconsin ........................................................................................... 34,832,494 6,506,968 . . .

Wyoming ............................................................................................ 2,915,199 544,581 . . .

See footnote at end of table.
9.J Low-Income Home Energy Assistance Program 

336 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Table 9.J2.—Federal net allocations and amounts carried over, by state, fiscal years 1997–1999—Continued

State

Amount of regular

federal allocation

Amount of supplemental

federal allocation

Carried over to

following fiscal year

Low-income Home Energy Assistance Program funds: 19981

 Total1....................................................................................... $964,167,635 $150,896,688 $55,654,317

Alabama............................................................................................. 8,326,719 8,194,841 988,800

Alaska ................................................................................................ 3,813,633 1,700,000 423,726

Arizona............................................................................................... 3,713,949 . . . . . .

Arkansas............................................................................................ 6,388,182 5,944,812 341,664

California............................................................................................ 44,581,315 . . . 1,700,000

Colorado ............................................................................................ 15,659,762 . . . 2,695,194

Connecticut........................................................................................ 20,428,712 . . . . . .

Delaware............................................................................................ 2,711,518 . . . 321,981

District of Columbia............................................................................ 3,172,613 . . . 392,858

Florida................................................................................................ 13,241,770 25,937,306 435,322

Georgia .............................................................................................. 10,473,707 12,667,785 . . .

Hawaii ................................................................................................ 1,054,760 . . . 12,519

Idaho.................................................................................................. 6,008,175 . . . . . .

Illinois................................................................................................. 56,543,147 . . . . . .

Indiana ............................................................................................... 25,594,484 . . . . . .

Iowa ................................................................................................... 18,143,877 . . . 717,008

Kansas............................................................................................... 8,319,289 . . . 1,699,809

Kentucky ............................................................................................ 13,322,751 . . . 2,403,559

Louisiana............................................................................................ 8,559,019 9,633,559 . . .

Maine ................................................................................................. 12,750,827 . . . 95,180

Maryland ............................................................................................ 15,642,006 . . . 1,513,317

Massachusetts................................................................................... 40,846,928 . . . 4,374,615

Michigan............................................................................................. 53,464,245 . . . 5,257,909

Minnesota .......................................................................................... 38,675,393 . . . . . .

Mississippi.......................................................................................... 7,165,641 4,361,857 . . .

Missouri.............................................................................................. 22,585,540 . . . 1,991,334

Montana............................................................................................. 6,079,920 . . . 423,792

Nebraska............................................................................................ 8,972,843 . . . 650,237

Nevada............................................................................................... 1,901,586 . . . 179,203

New Hampshire ................................................................................. 7,734,757 . . . . . .

New Jersey ........................................................................................ 37,841,198 . . . 4,558,787

New Mexico ....................................................................................... 4,688,953 . . . . . .

New York............................................................................................ 123,636,421 . . . 7,579,790

North Carolina.................................................................................... 18,101,082 9,601,364 311,789

North Dakota...................................................................................... 6,571,998 . . . 1,152,181

Ohio ................................................................................................... 50,020,864 . . . 853,369

Oklahoma........................................................................................... 7,081,712 6,358,396 239,999

Oregon............................................................................................... 12,027,977 . . . . . .

Pennsylvania...................................................................................... 66,534,811 . . . 7,897,082

Rhode Island...................................................................................... 6,707,420 . . . 796,479

South Carolina ................................................................................... 6,649,023 7,103,592 . . .

South Dakota ..................................................................................... 5,197,282 . . . 851,852

Tennessee.......................................................................................... 13,495,662 8,344,732 518,729

Texas.................................................................................................. 22,038,424 51,048,444 . .

Utah ................................................................................................... 7,137,697 . . . 836,576

Vermont.............................................................................................. 5,797,476 . . . 679,969

Virginia............................................................................................... 19,053,713 . . . 1,299,685

Washington ........................................................................................ 19,165,169 . . . 413,160

West Virginia...................................................................................... 8,816,676 . . . 1,046,843

Wisconsin........................................................................................... 34,813,407 . . . . . .

Wyoming ........................................................................................... 2,913,602 . . . . . .

See footnote at end of table.
 9.J Low-Income Home Energy Assistance Program 

CONTACT: Leon Litow (202) 401-5304 for further information.

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 337

Table 9.J2.—Federal net allocations and amounts carried over, by state, fiscal years 1997–1999—Continued

State

Amount of regular

federal allocation

Amount of supplemental

federal allocation

Carried over to

following fiscal year

Low-income Home Energy Assistance Program funds: 19991

1Net of set-asides to direct-grant Indian tribes/tribal organizations and the insular areas.

Source: Low–Income Home Energy Assistance Program, U.S. Administration for Children and Families’ administrative data. 

 Total1 ....................................................................................... $1,060,819,242 $174,599,382 $42,151,190

Alabama ............................................................................................. 9,156,163 . . . 396,311

Alaska................................................................................................. 4,816,179 . . . 317,899

Arizona ............................................................................................... 4,099,508 . . . . . .

Arkansas ............................................................................................ 7,024,524 . . . 1,573,467

California ............................................................................................ 49,026,236 . .. . . .

Colorado............................................................................................. 17,204,666 . . . 387,339

Connecticut ........................................................................................ 22,463,661 3,123,251 . . .

Delaware ............................................................................................ 2,981,619 694,531 271,152

District of Columbia ............................................................................ 3,488,644 1,085,603 205,153

Florida ................................................................................................ 14,560,812 . . . 3,014,188

Georgia............................................................................................... 11,517,016 . . . 350,000

Hawaii................................................................................................. 1,159,827 . . . 10,549

Idaho .................................................................................................. 6,606,661 . . . 220,590

Illinois ................................................................................................. 62,175,536 15,958,676 . . .

Indiana................................................................................................ 28,144,672 7,141,955 . . .

Iowa.................................................................................................... 19,951,229 3,498,425 405,000

Kansas ............................................................................................... 9,148,744 3,302,242 . . .

Kentucky............................................................................................. 14,649,860 7,749,823 859,535

Louisiana............................................................................................ 9,411,602 . . . . . .

Maine.................................................................................................. 14,020,965 753,964 408,383

Maryland............................................................................................. 17,200,142 3,576,484 628,590

Massachusetts ................................................................................... 44,916,788 7,759,149 3,652,154

Michigan............................................................................................. 58,789,938 3,934,824 4,987,988

Minnesota........................................................................................... 42,527,935 3,080,093 . . .

Mississippi.......................................................................................... 7,879,426 . . . 200,000

Missouri.............................................................................................. 24,835,337 7,637,125 3,432,901

Montana ............................................................................................. 6,685,555 . . . 85,986

Nebraska............................................................................................ 9,854,648 2,132,186 732,958

Nevada............................................................................................... 2,091,007 . . . 152,525

New Hampshire.................................................................................. 8,505,234 774,056 40,452

New Jersey......................................................................................... 41,610,645 9,031,094 2,985,268

New Mexico........................................................................................ 5,156,031 . . . 234,855

New York ............................................................................................ 135,968,512 28,247,775 4,162,476

North Carolina .................................................................................... 19,920,759 26,457,523 . . .

North Dakota ...................................................................................... 7,167,598 . . . 507,097

Ohio.................................................................................................... 55,003,555 8,489,614 1,152,317

Oklahoma........................................................................................... 7,785,924 . . . 948,067

Oregon ............................................................................................... 13,236,969 . . . 1,032,175

Pennsylvania...................................................................................... 73,162,492 12,957,432 3,025,488

Rhode Island ...................................................................................... 7,375,560 1,716,490 31,084

South Carolina.................................................................................... 7,311,347 . . . 1,141,686

South Dakota...................................................................................... 5,714,996 . . . 351,852

Tennessee.......................................................................................... 14,839,995 . . . . . .

Texas.................................................................................................. 24,233,721 . . . . . .

Utah.................................................................................................... 7,856,070 . . . 713,770

Vermont.............................................................................................. 6,374,976 474,893 127,898

Virginia ............................................................................................... 20,951,696 .7,639,727 1,791,653

Washington ........................................................................................ 21,074,256 . . . 473,821

West Virginia ...................................................................................... 9,694,925 2,891,975 847,179

Wisconsin........................................................................................... 38,281,248 4,490,472 . . .

Wyoming ........................................................................................... 3,203,833 . . . 291,384
9.J Low-Income Home Energy Assistance Program 

CONTACT: Leon Litow (202) 401-5304 for further information.

338 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Table 9.J2.1—Federal net allocations and amounts carried over, by state, fiscal years 1982–1999

Fiscal year

Low-income Home Energy Assistance Program funds1

1Net of set-asides to direct-grant Indian tribes/tribal organizations and the insular areas.

Source: Low–Income Home Energy Assistance Program, U.S. Administration for Children and Families’ administrative data.

Amount of regular

federal allocation

Amount of supplemental

federal allocation

Carried over to

following fiscal year

1982................................................................................................... $1,855,265,713 $123,000,000 $167,622,219

1983................................................................................................... 1,954,327,406 . . . 126,734,742

1984................................................................................................... 2,052,395,279 2,200,000 160,512,007

1985................................................................................................... 2,078,044,805 . . . 103,191,230

1986................................................................................................... 1,988,842,779 . . . 100,034,095

1987................................................................................................... 1,804,751,604 . . . 128,664,885

1988................................................................................................... 1,516,388,203 . . . 76,987,683

1989................................................................................................... 1,369,642,868 . . . 68,307,592

1990................................................................................................... 1,379,023,013 49,700,470 53,923,488

1991................................................................................................... 1,400,498,244 193,443,923 73,292,715

1992................................................................................................... 1,460,448,621 24,431,796 78,189,483

1993................................................................................................... 1,307,182,655 23,663,576 36,828,086

1994................................................................................................... 1,397,090,175 322,170,703 91,639,371

1995................................................................................................... 1,855,265,713 123,000,000 167,622,219

1996................................................................................................... 867,303,740 178,061,574 81,479,264

1997................................................................................................... 964,896,037 211,876,438 59,564,206

1998................................................................................................... 964,167,635 150,896,688 55,654,317

1999................................................................................................... 1,060,819,242 174,599,382 42,151,190
 9.J Low-Income Home Energy Assistance Program

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 339

Table 9.J3.—Estimated home energy assistance obligations, by type of assistance and state, fiscal years 1997–1999

State

Heating

 assistance

benefits

Cooling

assistance

benefits

Crisis

assistance

benefits

Weatherization

assistance

benefits

Estimated Amount: 19971

 Total ................................... 2 $749,704,757 3 $18,755,118 $176,095,176 $153,589,045

Alabama........................................ 5,830,577 . . . 2,711,801 495,000

Alaska ........................................... 3,733,663 . . . 74,937 47,181,255

Arizona ......................................... 23,032,890 (3) 457,388 885,780

Arkansas....................................... 3,517,192 . . . 1,806,598 1,365,425

California ..................................... 226,260,573 (3) 8,502,595 15,074,072

Colorado ...................................... 17,563,743 . . . 370,053 2,858,896

Connecticut .................................. 21,793,624 . . . 4,096,647 . . .

Delaware....................................... 2,500,632 . . . 102,629 308,129

District of Columbia....................... 2,420,434 . . . 427,254 640,881

Florida........................................... 2 8,682,322 (3) 3,938,698 2,763,264

Georgia ........................................ 9,920,230 . . . . . . 1,864,701

Hawaii .......................................... 2 854,660 (3) 271,548 . . .

Idaho............................................. 3,720,628 . . . 1,143,912 1,237,160

Illinois............................................ 52,811,770 . . . 5,241,395 9,576,402

Indiana .......................................... 24,701,779 . . . 3,068,010 3,360,745

Iowa .............................................. 17,484,616 306,982 1,151,621 3,686,382

Kansas.......................................... 7,282,063 . . . 1,790,955 1,332,912

Kentucky ....................................... 8,701,462 . . . 4,648,157 2,445,353

Louisiana....................................... 3,239,607 . . . . . . 1,372,070

Maine ........................................... 11,696,873 4,535,452 304,139 2,273,881

Maryland ...................................... 14,269,602 . . . 504,532 . . .

Massachusetts.............................. 38,627,195 . . . (5) 2,835,936

Michigan........................................ 39,192,409 . . . 13,743,248 4,459,098

Minnesota ..................................... 44,803,997 . . . 7,937,324 2,383,352

Mississippi..................................... 4,764,167 . . . 333,166 . . .

Missouri......................................... 18,991,968 1,787,925 8,100,000 . . .

Montana........................................ 5,838,126 . . . 46,839 1,259,347

Nebraska....................................... 4,307,321 . . . 4,225,859 1,336,863

Nevada.......................................... 1,502,034 417,705 19,267 . . .

New Hampshire ............................ 6,794,957 452,624 730,883 800,000

New Jersey ................................... 35,651,367 . . . 1,910,000 3,108,217

New Mexico .................................. 4,103,392 1,726,000 300,449 835,194

New York....................................... 80,597,313 . . . 32,655,454 21,905,111

North Carolina............................... 5,216,233 . . . 10,754,869 4,078,042

North Dakota................................. 6,282,228 . . . 201,856 2,955,558

Ohio .............................................. 24,776,680 50,000 22,442,499 8,297,287

Oklahoma...................................... 6,316,555 . . . 653,008 757,935

Oregon.......................................... 9,429,185 . . . 72,808 3,089,276

Pennsylvania................................. 49,008,836 . . . 13,796,209 11,845,623

Rhode Island................................. 5,503,616 . . . 253,450 1,200,000

South Carolina .............................. 6,081,943 . . . 590,167 1,174,735

South Dakota ................................ 6,120,498 . . . 59,584 1,332,649

Tennessee..................................... 9,401,925 . . . 2,593,634 1,296,817

Texas............................................. 6,728,436 648,409 3,656,759 4,303,632

Utah .............................................. 5,310,753 7,898,599 165,019 1,988,030

Vermont ........................................ 5,389,829 . . . 838,206 100,000

Virginia.......................................... 17,229,067 . . . 159,248 1,695,865

Washington ................................... 16,266,212 931,422 355,096 3,471,957

West Virginia................................. 4,966,029 . . . 2,227,212 1,593,612

Wisconsin ..................................... 28,242,562 . . . 6,660,111 5,898,056

Wyoming....................................... 2,240,984 . . . 83 864,545

See footnotes at end of table.
9.J Low-Income Home Energy Assistance Program 

340 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Table 9.J3.—Estimated home energy assistance obligations, by type of assistance and state, fiscal years 

1997–1999—Continued

State

Heating

 assistance

benefits

Cooling

assistance

benefits

Crisis

assistance

benefits

Weatherization

assistance

benefits

Estimated Amount: 19981

 Total................................... 2 $633,618,243 3 $62,178,981 $212,043,081 $138,217,577

Alabama........................................ 4,581,398 . . . 9,967,400 980,000

Alaska .......................................... 3,357,402 . . . 104,718 44,388,936

Arizona ......................................... 22,408,314 (3) 701,667 749,212

Arkansas....................................... 2,897,999 2,303,058 2,747,241 1,849,949

California ..................................... 2 20,822,171 (3) 9,739,868 10,954,643

Colorado ...................................... 20,359,208 . . . 458,966 2,720,074

Connecticut .................................. 18,875,502 . . . 2,175,354 . . .

Delaware....................................... 1,949,425 . . . 114,996 391,774

District of Columbia....................... 2,083,376 . . . 448,222 561,914

Florida........................................... 2 2,654,265 34,631,367 23,377,490 4,313,680

Georgia ........................................ 8,701,308 10,278,329 . . . 2,837,834

Hawaii .......................................... 2 713,922 (3) 237,412 . . .

Idaho............................................. 2,961,477 . . . 535,659 1,351,840

Illinois............................................ 35,809,968 . . . 2,629,540 6,985,646

Indiana.......................................... 21,327,410 1,171,767 2,640,346 3,314,931

Iowa .............................................. 12,424,215 . . . 1,011,528 2,721,582

Kansas.......................................... 5,646,619 . . . 1,605,023 1,123,011

Kentucky....................................... 7,749,812 . . . 3,866,113 2,101,637

Louisiana ...................................... 2,728,416 3,819,781 8,670,206 1,155,565

Maine ........................................... 8,636,320 . . . 345,408 2,260,132

Maryland ...................................... 14,079,929 . . . 389,740 140,000

Massachusetts.............................. 33,380,601 . . . (5) 4,280,040

Michigan ....................................... 40,200,000 . . . 7,450,480 1,000,000

Minnesota ..................................... 26,279,401 . . . 6,512,473 1,933,770

Mississippi .................................... 6,071,094 3,241,433 487,434 . . .

Missouri ........................................ 16,855,027 . . . 3,907,051 . . .

Montana........................................ 4,871,979 . . . 45,423 794,140

Nebraska ...................................... 3,756,483 448,704 2,710,555 1,076,736

Nevada ......................................... 1,313,888 464,426 . . . . . .

New Hampshire ............................ 5,480,092 . . . 630,321 600,000

New Jersey................................... 27,556,443 1,944,000 2,576,000 5,384,083

New Mexico .................................. 1,467,599 389,211 1,425,051 703,342

New York ...................................... 70,199,073 . . . 26,760,128 18,758,021

North Carolina............................... 6,284,055 . . . 15,953,653 4,128,478

North Dakota ................................ 4,008,468 120,000 581,435 1,643,000

Ohio .............................................. 25,435,321 . . . 15,348,595 6,843,754

Oklahoma ..................................... 5,488,400 4,977,000 556,499 637,354

Oregon ......................................... 7,234,289 . . . 32,501 2,652,169

Pennsylvania ................................ 44,486,068 . . . 13,865,771 9,980,000

Rhode Island................................. 5,395,945 . . . 260,433 1,000,000

South Carolina.............................. 4,670,204 . . . 5,596,320 997,350

South Dakota................................ 4,357,788 . . . 60,327 779,667

Tennessee .................................... 8,651,281 7,401,714 2,528,666 1,431,370

Texas ............................................ 10,000,000 20,988,191 23,208,715 11,521,720

Utah .............................................. 6,016,932 . . . 160,772 352,641

Vermont ........................................ 4,620,455 . . . 1,189,736 190,588

Virginia.......................................... 15,229,395 . . . 434,428 1,152,767

Washington................................... 13,865,140 . . . 356,139 2,980,286

West Virginia................................. 5,225,630 . . . 2,085,614 793,530

Wisconsin .................................... 22,684,505 . . . 5,421,833 4,972,011

Wyoming....................................... 1,764,231 . . . 129,831 728,400

See footnotes at end of table.
 9.J Low-Income Home Energy Assistance Program

CONTACT: Leon Litow (202) 401-5304 for further information.

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 341

Table 9.J3.—Estimated home energy assistance obligations, by type of assistance, and state, fiscal years 

1997–1999—Continued

State

Heating

 assistance

benefits

Cooling

assistance

benefits

Crisis

assistance

benefits

Weatherization

assistance

benefits

Estimated Amount: 19991

1Includes federal LIHEAP appropriated funds and non–federal funds operated through the LIHEAP program.

 Total................................... 2 $684,600,568

2Includes funds for households that received combined heating and cooling assistance in Arizona, California, and Florida; households that received energy assistance in 

Hawaii with no differentiation made between heating and cooling assistance.

3$72,294,009

3Excludes funds for households that received combined heating and cooling assistance in Arizona, California, and Florida; households that received energy assistance in 

Hawaii with no differentiation made between heating and cooling assistance.

$210,175,301 $145,039,987

Alabama........................................ 4,334,898 . . . 3,408,034 389,354

Alaska .......................................... 2 5,469,575 . . . 77,382 44,387,304

4Includes $6.2 million in state funds.

Arizona ........................................ 2,992,307 (2) 493,402 837,500

Arkansas....................................... 3,482,832 . . . 2,524,724 1,756,131

California ..................................... 217,567,157 (3) 12,534,928 13,382,930

Colorado ...................................... 14,401,728 . . . 384,150 2,652,610

Connecticut .................................. 17,441,272 . . . 4,117,901 . . .

Delaware....................................... 2,005,539 565,800 87,880 551,423

District of Columbia....................... 2,871,554 . . . 565,445 548,169

Florida........................................... 2 2,890,935 33,578,319 7,530,433 2,010,114

Georgia......................................... 8,475,954 . . . . . . 1,557,999

Hawaii........................................... 2 829,208 (3) 215,713 . . .

Idaho............................................. 4,565,299 . . . 452,023 838,385

Illinois............................................ 43,530,070 17,166,080 5,423,791 . . .

Indiana.......................................... 24,167,415 2,538,447 1,676,326 4,211,300

Iowa .............................................. 12,494,831 . . . 1,168,487 3,173,847

Kansas.......................................... 8,022,490 . . . 1,329,902 1,870,478

Kentucky....................................... 7,061,323 6,104,255 4,744,602 3,084,467

Louisiana ...................................... 1,623,315 4,869,918 721,470 1,414,648

Maine ........................................... 10,523,168 636,320 523,398 2,405,855

Maryland ...................................... 16,491,111 2,845,348 570,448 150,000

Massachusetts.............................. 33,934,032 6,748,300 . . . 4,299,600

Michigan ....................................... 41,140,699 5(5)

5Excludes funds for households that received expedited heating assistance for winter crisis situations.

Source: Low–Income Home Energy Assistance Program, U.S. Administration for Children and Families’ administrative data. 

6,736,217 9,122,344

Minnesota ..................................... 25,739,080 . . . 9,853,994 1,957,328

Mississippi .................................... 5,133,471 1,414,186 336,654 . . .

Missouri ........................................ 17,556,313 . . . 8,987,271 . . .

Montana ....................................... 4,644,676 . . . 214,331 1,037,889

Nebraska ...................................... 3,533,812 469,013 4,945,637 1,491,260

Nevada ......................................... 1,238,286 499,171 1,416 . . .

New Hampshire ............................ 5,679,162 696,656 809,221 800,000

New Jersey................................... 31,305,717 2,000,000 10,727,985 3,607,000

New Mexico .................................. 3,097,853 . . . 546,679 773,404

New York ...................................... 85,498,591 . . . 29,581,769 25,098,238

North Carolina............................... 11,794,326 . . . 24,484,664 2,720,435

North Dakota ................................ 4,603,413 . . . 888,835 1,070,640

Ohio .............................................. 27,347,922 . . . 22,350,627 9,275,584

Oklahoma ..................................... 7,035,173 . . . 397,548 703,185

Oregon ......................................... 8,951,696 . . . 51,227 2,984,502

Pennsylvania ................................ 50,132,354 . . . 19,925,770 10,411,788

Rhode Island................................. 5,118,275 . . . 1,763,431 1,383,293

South Carolina.............................. 5,509,527 . . . 845,304 1,267,956

South Dakota................................ 4,640,124 . . . 49,796 857,249

Tennessee .................................... 5,492,190 4,146,141 1,567,313 1,460,309

Texas ............................................ 2,885,363 12,390,089 1,697,272 3,635,058

Utah .............................................. 6,237,673 . . . 101,850 681,729

Vermont ........................................ 4,331,310 318,900 1,313,192 . . .

Virginia.......................................... 19,477,808 2,866,295 1,389,647 3,364,719

Washington................................... 15,035,740 . . . 689,240 3,227,870

West Virginia................................. 5,053,136 . . . 4,532,380 1,701,927

Wisconsin ..................................... 28,831,369 . . . 7,493,380 6,083,208

Wyoming....................................... 1,570,275 . . . 151,433 800,958
9.J Low-Income Home Energy Assistance Program 

CONTACT: Leon Litow (202) 401-5304 for further information.

342 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Table 9.J3.1—Estimated home energy assistance obligations, by type of assistance fiscal years 1982–1999

Fiscal year

Estimated amount1

1Includes federal LIHEAP appropriated funds and non-federal funds operated through the LIHEAP program.

Source: Low–Income Home Energy Assistance Program, U.S. Administration for Children and Families’ administrative data.

Heating

 assistance

benefits

Cooling

assistance

benefits

Crisis

assistance

benefits

Weatherization

assistance

benefits

1982............................................. $1,124,476,630 $51,498,572 $138,941,133 $136,195,046

1983.............................................. 1,343,267,155 33,020,830 191,771,756 195,463,612

1984.............................................. 1,372,772,591 32,374,067 225,795,893 186,662,906

1985.............................................. 1,466,721,924 29,135,118 191,407,205 227,096,051

1986.............................................. 1,351,903,078 35,620,945 199,178,003 193,420,839

1987.............................................. 1,280,302,113 29,581,262 197,719,071 220,419,633

1988.............................................. 1,145,560,993 21,151,405 190,046,023 170,292,505

1989.............................................. 1,017,024,757 12,341,113 187,442,779 147,952,928

1990.............................................. 1,030,150,903 25,007,676 188,844,316 133,479,484

1991.............................................. 1,098,583,280 27,416,776 220,795,517 129,279,737

1992.............................................. 990,903,081 22,645,002 197,218,623 134,816,010

1993.............................................. 948,596,196 22,274,975 183,189,522 146,444,590

1994.............................................. 1,062,552,111 24,862,635 225,583,805 214,342,289

1995.............................................. 884,846,144 43,883,481 212,713,182 159,076,150

1996.............................................. 696,801,144 17,597,204 167,622,219 135,835,358

1997.............................................. 749,704,757 18,755,118 176,095,176 153,589,045

1998.............................................. 633,618,243 62,178,981 212,043,081 138,217,577

1999.............................................. 684,600,568 72,294,009 210,175,301 145,039,987
Sampling Variability

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 343

Sampling Variability

A substantial number of tables in sections 5 and 6

present OASDI award and current-pay benefit data based

on 1-percent and 10-percent sample files drawn from the

Social Security Administration's administrative records. In

addition, tables 4.B1-4.B11 on the taxable earnings of

OASDI workers are based on 1-percent administrative

record samples, and tables 7.A8, 7.B9, and 7.E2 on SSI

awards are based on 10-percent administrative record

samples.

Because of sampling variability, estimates based on

sample data may differ from the figures that would have

been obtained had all, rather than specified samples, of the

records been used. The standard error is a measure of the

sampling variability. About 68 percent of all possible

probability samples selected with the same specifications

will give estimates within one standard error of the figure

obtained from a compilation of all records. Similarly,

approximately 90 percent will give estimates within 1.645

standard errors, about 95 percent will give estimates within

two standard errors, and about 99 percent will give

estimates within two and one-half standard errors. The

standard error of an estimate depends on the design

elements such as the method of sampling, sample size,

and the estimation process.

Because of the large number of data cells tabulated

from the sample files, it is not practical to calculate the

standard error for every possible cell. However, standard

errors for a large number of cells were estimated. These

estimates were used to fit regression curves to provide

estimates of approximate standard errors associated with

tabulated counts and proportions.

The tables showing the sampling variability provide a

general order of magnitude for similar estimates from the

various sample files. Table 10.A1 presents approximate

standard errors for the estimated number of persons from

the 1-percent and the 10-percent files. The reliability of an

estimated percentage depends on both the size of the

percentage and on the size of the total on which the

percentage is based. Data in tables 10.A2 and 10.A3

provide approximations of the standard errors of the

estimated percentage of persons in the 1-percent and 10-

percent files. The standard errors are expressed in

percentage points and the bases shown are in terms of

inflated data.

Table 10.A1.— Approximations of standard errors of 

estimated number of persons

Size of estimate

(inflated)

Standard

error

1-percent file

500................................................... 250

1,000................................................ 300

2,500................................................ 500

5,000................................................ 800

7,500................................................ 900

10,000.............................................. 1,100

25,000.............................................. 1,700

50,000.............................................. 2,400

75,000.............................................. 3,000

100,000............................................ 3,400

250,000............................................ 5,400

500,000............................................ 7,800

750,000............................................ 9,600

1,000,000......................................... 11,100

5,000,000......................................... 25,800

10,000,000....................................... 36,900

25,000,000....................................... 57,700

50,000,000....................................... 76,100

75,000,000....................................... 82,900

10-percent file

100................................................... 30

500................................................... 70

1,000................................................ 100

5,000................................................ 225

10,000.............................................. 300

50,000.............................................. 700

100,000............................................ 1,000

500,000............................................ 2,200

1,000,000......................................... 3,200

2,000,000......................................... 4,300

3,000,000......................................... 5,300

5,000,000......................................... 6,500

10,000,000....................................... 8,500

20,000,000....................................... 9,300
Sampling Variability

344 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Table 10.A2.— Approximations of standard errors of 

estimated percentage of persons from 1-percent file

Size of base

(inflated)

Estimated percentage

2

or 98

5

or 95

10

or 90

25

or 75 50

1,000.................. 4.7 7.3 10.1 14.5 16.8

10,000................ 1.5 2.3 3.2 4.6 5.3

50,000................ .7 1.0 1.4 2.1 2.4

100,000.............. .5 .7 1.0 1.5 1.7

500,000.............. .2 .3 .4 .7 .8

1,000,000........... .1 .2 .3 .5 .5

5,000,000........... .1 .1 .1 .2 .2

10,000,000......... 1(1) .1 .1 .2 .2

50,000,000......... (1) (1) (1) .1 .1

100,000,000....... (1) (1) (1) (1) (1)

1 Less than 0.05 percent.

Table 10.A3.— Approximations of standard errors of 

estimated percentage of persons from 10-percent file

Size of base

(inflated)

Estimated percentage

2

or 98

5

or 95

10

or 90

25

or 75 50

500..................... 1.9 3.0 4.1 5.9 6.8

1,000.................. 1.3 2.1 2.9 4.1 4.8

2,500.................. .8 1.3 1.8 2.6 3.0

10,000................ .4 .6 .9 1.3 1.5

50,000................ .2 .3 .4 .6 .7

100,000.............. .1 .2 .3 .4 .5

500,000.............. (1) .1 .1 .2 .2

1,000,000........... 1 (1)

1 Less than 0.05 percent.

.1 .1 .1 .2

5,000,000........... (1) (1) (1) (1) .1

10,000,000......... (1) (1) (1) (1) (1)

50,000,000......... (1) (1) (1) (1) (1)

CONTACT: Salvatore Gallicchio (410) 965-0158 for further information.
Technical Note: OASDI Benefit Award Data

CONTACT: Joseph Bondar (410) 965-0162 for further information.

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 345

OASDI Benefit Award Data

OASDI benefit award data in the Annual Statistical

Supplement are derived mainly from two sources:

100-percent award data: The Master Beneficiary Record

(MBR) is the major administrative data base for the

Social Security program. It is used for the calculation of

benefits and the maintenance of information about

beneficiaries. Each month, when the MBR is updated, a

record of award actions is created. This record is used to

prepare award data on a 100-percent basis. Data

available each month include types of benefits awarded,

sex of beneficiary, and the monthly benefit amounts

payable. These data are used to update the time-series

tables. 0

Award data from the OASDI 1-percent sample: This

source provides monthly award data based on a

1-percent sample derived from the MBR. The 12 monthly

files are combined to produce an annual file. The

1-percent sample is used to prepare award tables, which

show detailed data by age, sex, and type of benefit, and

distributions by benefit amount. Award data from the

1-percent sample are similar to the data described

above. An important difference, however, is the

treatment of dual entitlement.

When a retired-worker beneficiary subsequently

becomes dually entitled to a secondary benefit as a wife,

husband, or widow or widower, the secondary benefit is

counted as an award in the 100-percent data. In contrast,

award data based on the OASDI 1-percent sample do not

count the secondary benefit as an award when both

benefits are paid from the same trust fund.

When dual entitlements are counted as awards, the

number of awardees is increased and the monthly amount

awarded is lowered. The person has already been counted

as having received an award when he or she became

entitled to the retired-worker benefit, and is counted again

upon entitlement to the secondary benefit. The average

benefit amount is lowered because the amount recorded

for the award for the dually entitled person is only the

difference between the amount of the retired-worker benefit

and the amount of the secondary benefit.
Poverty Data

346 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Poverty Data

Table 3.E1 presents weighted average poverty

thresholds for families in the United States for 1959–2000.

Table 3.E2 presents data on the number and percent of

people in poverty in the United States for 1959–1999.

Tables 3.E3, 3.E4, and 3.E6 present more detailed data on

people and families in poverty in the United States during

1999. (Both poverty thresholds and poverty population data

are issued by the U.S. Census Bureau.) Table 3.E8

presents poverty guidelines by family size for the

contiguous United States, Alaska, and Hawaii for 1965–

2001. (Poverty guidelines are issued by the U.S.

Department of Health and Human Services.)

Poverty thresholds are used primarily for statistical

purposes—producing statistics on the number of

Americans in poverty. Poverty guidelines are used for

administrative purposes—for example, to determine

whether a person or family is financially eligible for

assistance or services under certain federal government

programs (not including cash public assistance). Both

thresholds and guidelines are sets of dollar figures which

vary by family size and (in the case of the thresholds)

family composition.

The poverty thresholds were developed in 1963–64 by

Mollie Orshansky of the Social Security Administration as a

measure of income inadequacy. The poverty definition was

modified in 1969 and 1981 by federal interagency

committees. The thresholds were based on food

expenditure/income patterns (from the Department of

Agriculture's 1955 Household Food Consumption Survey)

and the costs of the Department of Agriculture's economy

food plan for families of different sizes and compositions.

(See Joseph Dalaker, U.S. Census Bureau, "Poverty in the

United States: 1998," Current Population Reports:

Consumer Income, Series P60-207, September 1999,

Appendix A, for an explanation of the poverty definition.)

The poverty thresholds have become the basis for the

official statistics on the extent of poverty in the United

States which are issued annually by the Census Bureau in

the Current Population Reports series. The thresholds are

adjusted annually for price changes using the annual

average consumer price index (CPI-U). (See U.S. Bureau

of the Census, "Revision in Poverty Statistics, 1959 to

1968," Current Population Reports: Special Studies, Series

P-23, No. 28, August 1969; and Directive No. 14,

"Definition of Poverty for Statistical Purposes," Statistical

Policy Handbook, U.S. Department of Commerce, Office of

Federal Statistical Policy and Standards, 1978.)

The poverty guidelines are a simplified version of the

poverty thresholds; there are separate sets of guidelines for

the two noncontiguous states (Hawaii and Alaska). The

guidelines are used for determining whether a person or

family is financially eligible for assistance or services under

certain federal programs. Authorizing legislation or

regulations for specific programs indicate whether a

program uses the poverty guidelines as one of several

eligibility criteria, uses a modification of the guidelines (for

example, 125 percent or 185 percent of the guidelines), or

uses them for the purpose of setting priorities in providing

assistance or services.

Since 1973, the guidelines have been computed from

the poverty thresholds by increasing the most recently

published weighted average poverty thresholds by the

percentage change in the CPI-U over the past year (more

precisely, from the next most recent calendar year to the

most recent calendar year) and rounding the figure for a

family of four up to the next highest multiple of $50. Figures

for all family sizes over and under four persons are

computed by adding or subtracting equal dollar amounts

derived from the average difference between poverty lines

(rounded to the nearest multiple of $20).

The poverty thresholds were calculated using data (the

1955 Household Food Consumption Survey) that defined

income as after-tax money income; accordingly, the

thresholds were intended to be applied to data on money

income. The National Research Council's Panel on Poverty

and Family Assistance put great emphasis on the principle

of consistency in poverty measurement—that the definition

of family resources (income) used should be consistent

with the concept underlying the poverty thresholds. (For a

discussion of this principle, see Measuring Poverty: A New

Approach, Constance F. Citro and Robert T. Michael (eds.),

Washington, DC, National Academy Press, 1995, pp. 4, 9-

10, 37-40, 65-66, 98, 203-206, and 227-231. This important

report proposed a new approach for developing an official

poverty measure for the United States.) According to the

Panel's principle of consistency, it would be inappropriate

to apply the current poverty thresholds (calculated using an

income definition of after-tax money income) to an income

distribution that used an income definition of money income

plus selected noncash benefits.

As noted above, the poverty thresholds were

developed in 1963–64 by Mollie Orshansky of the Social

Security Administration. In May 1965—just over a year

after the Johnson Administration had initiated the War on

Poverty—the Office of Economic Opportunity adopted

Orshansky's thresholds as a working or quasi-official

definition of poverty. At that time, the thresholds comprised

a matrix of 124 detailed poverty thresholds based on the

total number of family members, the number of family

members who were children, the sex of the family

householder, the age of the individual or family

householder (for one- and two-person units only), and

whether the family lived on a farm.

In 1969, a federal interagency committee made two

changes in the poverty definition: the thresholds would be

annually updated by the consumer price index instead of by
Poverty Data

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 347

the per capita cost of the economy food plan, and farm

poverty thresholds were set at 85 percent rather than 70

percent of corresponding nonfarm thresholds. (Figures for

prior years were retabulated retrospectively on this basis.)

In August 1969, the Bureau of the Budget designated the

poverty thresholds with these revisions as the federal

government's official statistical definition of poverty.

In 1981, several other changes were made in the

poverty definition: (1) elimination of separate thresholds for

farm families, (2) elimination (through appropriate

averaging) of separate thresholds for female-householder

and "all other" families, and (3) extension of the poverty

matrix to make the largest family size category "nine

persons or more" rather than "seven or more persons."

(See U.S. Bureau of the Census, "Characteristics of the

Population Below the Poverty Level: 1980," Current

Population Reports: Consumer Income, Series P-60, No.

133, July 1982, pp. 2-5, 9, and 186.) As a result of these

changes, the current matrix of poverty thresholds used by

the Census Bureau to determine the poverty status of

families and unrelated individuals consists of a set of 48

detailed thresholds arranged in a two-dimensional matrix

by family size (from one person, that is, an unrelated

individual, to a family of nine or more persons) crossclassified by the presence and number of family members

under age 18 (from no children to eight or more children

present). Unrelated individuals and two-person families are

further differentiated by the age of the individual or family

householder (under age 65 and aged 65 or older).

The current official definition of poverty is over 30 years

old. In 1990, Congress requested a study of the official U.S.

poverty measure by the National Research Council (NRC)

to provide a basis for a possible revision of the poverty

measure. In 1992, the NRC's Committee on National

Statistics appointed a Panel on Poverty and Family

Assistance to conduct this study. In 1995, the Panel

published its report of the study, Measuring Poverty: A New

Approach, Constance F. Citro and Robert T. Michael (eds.),

Washington, DC, National Academy Press, 1995. In the

report, the Panel proposed a new approach for developing

an official poverty measure for the United States—although

it did not propose a specific set of dollar figures. The

Panel's proposed approach focused on three major areas:

new poverty thresholds, a new and consistent definition of

family resources (income), and data sources.

In July 1999, the Census Bureau, in collaboration with

the Bureau of Labor Statistics, released a report,

Experimental Poverty Measures: 1990 to 1997 (P60-205)

that examined the effects of different resource definitions

and thresholds on poverty and which estimated several

experimental poverty rates based on the NRC panel's

recommendations. That report and subsequent updates

are available on the Census Bureau poverty measurement

webpage at:

http://www.census.gov/hhes/www/poverty.html.

Data on the poverty population and on family and

personal income are collected in the March Current

Population Survey (CPS). Data from the March survey are

also known as the Annual Demographic File. Following the

standard Census Bureau definition, the family is defined as

two or more persons related by birth, marriage, or adoption

and residing together. "Income" refers to money income

from all sources, including public income transfers, but

before federal, state, or local personal income taxes.

Money income does not reflect that many families receive

noncash benefits such as employee use of business

transportation and facilities, employer-paid health

insurance and other employer-supported fringe benefits,

Medicare, Medicaid, food stamps, and housing assistance.

Many farm families receive benefits in the form of rent-free

housing or goods produced and consumed by the family.

Once a year, in March, the sample of U.S. households

interviewed in the monthly CPS is asked to provide

information on household members' incomes during the

preceding calendar year. Survey experience indicates that

respondents tend to underreport their income in household

surveys. Underreporting is most pronounced for dividends,

interest and workers' compensation; less pronounced for

veterans' payments, public assistance, and private

pensions; and modest for Social Security and federal

retirement programs. The proportion of nonresponses to

CPS income questions is greater among middle income

and higher income families than among lower income

families.

Because the CPS sample size, content, and

procedures changed several times, some differences in the

data over time may in part reflect these methodological

changes, not just changes in the population. Important

changes to the CPS methodology took place in 1976, 1979,

1980, 1987, 1988, 1992, 1994 and 1995. A summary of

these changes and references for more information about

them appear below. The report numbers, "P60-##" refer to

the Current Population Reports, Consumer Income series. 

For details about how questionnaire changes and file

processing changes affected the data, see Welniak,

Edward, "Effects of the March Current Population Survey's

New Processing System on Estimates of Income and

Poverty," Proceedings of the American Statistical

Association, 1990.

Further details about CPS methodology may be found

in Technical Paper 63, available at http://

www.bls.census.gov/cps/tp/tp63.htm.

If you need to find additional poverty data, please

contact the U.S. Census Bureau's Housing and Household

Economic Statistics Division Information Staff at (301) 457-

3242, or e-mail hhes-info@census.gov.

For further information about technical changes to the

poverty measure, contact Joe Dalaker at (301) 457-3213 or

e-mail joseph.dalaker@census.gov . 
Poverty Data

348 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

For further information about the statistical reliability of

the CPS estimates, contact dsmd_s&a@census.gov.

Year Methodological change Reference

1959 First year for which poverty data are available.

The poverty measure was developed in 1963–1964.

P60-210

Appendixes

1969 Modification of poverty measure.

Bureau of the Budget prescribed the new measure as the official poverty 

measure for statistical use in federal agencies.

P60-68

pp. 11–12

1976–1987 For wide income intervals, Pareto interpolation was used to compute median 

income. Before 1976 and after 1987, linear interpolation was used.

P60-166

p. 93

1979 "Householder" concept first implemented, replacing "head" concept—the 

husband is no longer automatically the family reference person. Secondary 

families (people who are related to each other but not the householder) are 

tallied separately from "families."

P60-130

pp. 6–10

Change in universe—income questions no longer asked of 14-year-olds. 

Poverty universe changed—people under age 15 not living with any family 

members are excluded. (Previously, unrelated individuals under age 14 were 

excluded.)

1980 Modification of poverty measure.

Estimates weighted using 1980 Census results.

P60-133

pp. 2–7

1987 New CPS processing system. P60-166

pp. 1, 14–17

Welniak,

1990 ASA proceedings

1988 Linear interpolation used to compute median incomes. P60-166

p.93

1992 Estimates first weighted using 1990 Census results. P60-188

p. vii

1994 Computer-assisted interviewing replaced pencil-and-paper interviewing. P60-189

p. vii

1994–1995 New CPS sample design. P60-189

p. vii, D-3

P60-194

p. v, xiii, D-3

1995 Revised edit and allocation procedures for race groups. P60-194

pp. v, xiii

CONTACT: Gordon Fisher/Joe Dalaker (202) 690-5880/(310) 457-3213 for futher information.
OASDI: Computing a Retired-Worker Benefit

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 349

Computing a Retired-Worker Benefit

This section provides instructions and a worksheet for

computing a retired-worker benefit. The worksheet can be

used for persons born in 1926 through 1939—that is, those

who attained age 62 in 2001 or earlier and were under age

75 at the end of 2001. The worksheet assumes that the

worker had no prior period of entitlement to disability

benefits and also did not work after becoming entitled to

retired-worker benefits.

The worksheet describes the various steps used in

computing a benefit. The steps are based on the following

Social Security program goals.

To provide a benefit based on lifetime earnings. Benefits

are related to earnings over a period of time that the

worker could be expected to have worked in covered

employment—from age 22 through age 61. The years of

earnings considered are termed computation years. The

worker's five lowest earnings years, including years of no

earnings at all) are not considered in the computation.

They are termed the drop out years.

To index lifetime earnings. Earnings used in the

computation are not the actual covered earnings, but an

amount for each year which reflects earnings increases

in average wage levels after the year the earnings were

paid. This procedure is termed wage indexing. Currently,

earnings are generally indexed to wage levels in the year

the worker turns age 60. For example, for a person

attaining age 62 in 2001, actual earnings in 1984 of

$20,000 are indexed to $37,768.46, based on 1999

wage levels. Earnings after age 60 are included at their

actual (nominal) value.

To replace a portion of the indexed earnings. Indexed

earnings are averaged over the number of computation

years to calculate the Average Indexed Monthly

Earnings (AIME). A benefit formula is applied to the

AIME to produce the Primary Insurance Amount (PIA),

the amount payable to a worker who retires at age 65.

The benefit formula is weighted to provide a higher

replacement of earnings for lower wage workers. The

formula for persons age 62 in 2001 is 90 percent of the

first $561 of AIME; plus 32 percent of the next $2,820;

plus 15 percent of the AIME over $3,381.

To permit early retirement. Persons can retire as early as

age 62, but the monthly benefit is reduced. The

reduction is 5/9 of 1 percent for each of the first 36

months of entitlement immediately preceding the age at

which 100 percent of PIA is payable (65 and 4 months in

the year 2001 but scheduled to increase to age 67 by the

year 2022), plus 5/12 of 1 percent for each of up to 24

earlier months. For a person aged 62 in 2001, the

maximum reduction is 21.66667 percent if the individual

is entitled to benefits for all 40 months between 62 and

65 and 4 months.

To provide for price indexing after age 62. Benefits are

adjusted annually in December to reflect increases in the

Consumer Price Index (CPI-W). The 2000 benefit

increase was 3.5 percent. These cost-of-living

adjustments are applied to the benefit for each year after

the person attained age 62—even if the person was not

actually receiving benefits.

To give credit for earnings after age 61. Earnings after

age 61 (which are not indexed) can be substituted for

earnings in earlier years if they result in a higher benefit.

In addition, persons who do not receive benefits between

ages 65 and 69 may receive increased benefits as a

result of the Delayed Retirement Credit (DRC) provision.

The benefit is increased by a specified percentage for

each month a benefit was not received (See table 2.A20

for percentage increase). 

Clarifying the Worksheet Procedure

Step 1 - Determining the Number of Computation Years

For persons who attain age 62 prior to 1991, the

number of years used in the benefit computation equals the

number of years after 1950 up to the year of attainment of

age 62, minus 5 years. For workers who attain age 62 in

1991 or later, the number of computation years is 35. 

Step 2 - Wage Indexing of Earnings

The following description and examples are provided

for persons who wish to compute the index factors and

indexed earnings. The indexing year is the second year

prior to attainment of age 62. However, beneficiaries born

on January 1 are deemed to have attained age 62 in the

prior year, and consequently, the applicable indexing year,

factors, and bend points are those for that year.

The average wage for the indexing year is divided by

the average wage in each prior year to obtain the factor for

each prior year. For example, a person attains age 62 in

2001. The indexing year is 1999. The average annual wage

for 1999 was $30,469.84. The average annual wage for

1990 was $21,027.98. The amount, $30,469.84 divided by

$21,027.98, yields a factor of 1.4490141.

The worker's actual earnings covered under Social

Security in that year, up to the maximum earnings

creditable, are multiplied by the indexing factor to obtain

the indexed earnings. For example, actual covered

earnings of $10,000 in 1990, multiplied by 1.4490141,

result in indexed earnings of $14,490.14; actual earnings of

$51,300 (the maximum creditable) result in indexed

earnings of $74,334.42.
OASDI: Computing a Retired-Worker Benefit

350 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Step 3 - Computing the Average Indexed Monthly 

Earnings (AIME)

After the earnings in each year have been indexed,

they are used in computing Average Indexed Monthly

Earnings. The years of highest indexed earnings

corresponding to the number of computation years are

selected and totaled. This total is then divided by the years.

The result, rounded to the nearest lower dollar, is Average

Indexed Monthly Earnings.

For example, for a person attaining age 62 in 2001, the

highest 35 years of indexed earnings are used. If the sum

of these earnings equals $400,000, the AIME is $952

($400,000 divided by 420 = $952.38, rounded to $952).

Step 4 - Computing the Primary Insurance Amount 

(PIA)

The PIA, the amount from which all Social Security

benefits payable on a worker's earnings record are based,

is computed by applying a formula to the AIME. The

formula consists of brackets in which 3 percentages are

applied to amounts of AIME. The dollar amounts defining

the brackets are called bend points, and the bend points

are different for each calendar year of attainment of age 62.

The PIA is rounded to the nearest lower ten cents.

For retired workers who attained age 62 in 2001, the

bend points are $561 and $3,381. Thus the formula is 90

percent of the first $561 of AIME; plus 32 percent of next

$2,820 of AIME; plus 15 percent of AIME above $3,381.

The following are examples of PIA computations for such

workers with different AIME amounts.

Example 1 - AIME of $300

PIA is $270

Based on: 90 percent of $300

Example 2 - AIME of $952

PIA is $630.02 rounded to $630.00

Based on: 90 percent of $561 ($504.90); plus

32 percent of $391 ($125.12)

Example 3 - AIME of $3,500

PIA is $1,425.15 rounded to $1,425.10

Based on: 90 percent of $561 ($504.90); plus

32 percent of $2,820 ($902.40); plus

15 percent of $119 ($17.85)

The above calculations are applicable to workers who

attain age 62 in 2001. For workers who attained age 62 in

prior years, the bend points will be different and the PIA

must be increased to reflect cost-of-living adjustments

between the year of attainment of age 62 and the year

2001. Worksheet 2 shows cost-of-living increase factors for

1979 through 2001. After the PIA is calculated for the year

of attainment of age 62, cost-of-living increases are applied

for each year through 2000. The result is the current 2001

PIA.

For example, a worker who attained age 62 in 1998

would receive cost-of-living adjustments for the years

1998–2000. The adjustments are cumulative, with each

step rounded to the next lower dime. If the age 62 PIA was

$500, the cost-of-living adjustments would be:

1998: $500 multiplied by 1.013 = $506.50

1999: $506.50 multiplied by 1.024 = $518.60

2000: $518.60 multiplied by 1.035 = $536.70

$536.70 would be the PIA effective December 2000.

Step 5 - Computation of the Monthly Benefit

The full PIA is payable to a worker who retires at age

65. However, beginning in the year 2000, the full

retirement age scheduled to be gradually raised to age 67

for workers attaining age 62 in 2022 began to be phased in.

Workers can still retire as early as age 62, but the monthly

benefit is reduced by 5/9 of 1 percent for each of the first 36

months of entitlement immediately preceding the full

retirement age plus 5/12 of 1 percent for each of up to 24

earlier months. Workers attaining age 62 in 2001 have

their benefits computed based on the full retirement age of

65 and 4 months. Worksheet 3 may be used to determine

the full retirement age based on the year of birth as well as

the reduction factors. For individuals electing benefits at

exactly age 62 in the year 2001, the maximum reduction is

21.66667 percent.

For example, in 2001 a worker with a PIA of $500

would receive $391 at age 62. The PIA is reduced by

$108.33, reflecting a reduction rate of 5/9 of 1 percent for

each of 36 months and a rate of 5/12 of 1 percent for each

of 4 months for a total reduction of 21.66667 percent. After

reduction of the PIA by $108.33, the benefit amount is

rounded down to the nearest lower dollar.
OASDI: Computing a Retired-Worker Benefit

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 351

Instructions for computing a retired-worker benefit (only for workers attaining age 62 in years 

1988–2001)

 STEP 1.—Determining the Number of Computation Years

1 Year of birth. (If your birthday is January 1, enter prior year.)

2 Age “62” has been entered. 62

3 Add lines 1 and 2 to obtain year of attainment of age 62 (year of eligibility).

4 Year of attainment of age 22. If 1951 or earlier, enter 1951.(If your birthday is January 1, enter prior year.)

5 Subtract line 4 from line 3 (elapsed years).

6 “5” (drop-out years) has been entered. 5

7 Subtract line 6 from line 5 (computation years-maximum 35).

STEP 2.—Indexing of Earnings (Use Worksheet 1 for Steps 2 and 3.)

8 Enter in column 2 your earnings in each year 1951 through 2000. If none, enter “0.”

9 Column 3 contains the maximum earnings creditable under Social Security for each year.

10 Enter in column 4 the lower amount from columns 2 or 3 for each year.

11 Enter in column 5 the indexing factors applicable to the year you attained age 62 (line 3) from table 2.A8. 

(This table contains the indexing factors for persons attaining age 62 during the period 1988-2001.)

12 Multiply column 4 by column 5 and enter results in column 6 in dollars and cents. These are your indexed 

earnings.

STEP 3.—Computing the Average Indexed Monthly Earnings (AIME)

13 Enter the number of computation years from line 7.

14 Place an “X” in column 7 next to the highest indexed earnings corresponding with the number of computation

years from line 13.

15 Add all individual indexed earnings marked with an “X.”

16 Multiply line 13 (computation years) by 12 to obtain the number of months in the computation period.

17 Divide line 15 by line 16.

18 Round the result in line 17 to next lower dollar. This is your average indexed monthly earnings (AIME).

STEP 4.—Computing the Primary Insurance Amount (PIA) (Use Worksheet 2 for Step 4.)

19 Enter first bend point from Worksheet 2 based on year of attainment of age 62, or prior year if birthday is 

January 1.

20 Enter second bend point from Worksheet 2.

21 If your AIME (obtained in line 18) is equal to or less than line 19, complete lines 22–24; If greater than line 19 

but less than or equal to line 20, complete lines 25–30; If greater than line 20, complete lines 31–37.

22 Enter your AIME from line 18.

23 “0.9” has been entered. If you receive a pension based on noncovered employment see table 2.A11.1. 0.9

24 Multiply line 22 by line 23 and round to next lower dime to obtain your PIA at age 62. Continue with line 38.

25 Enter your AIME from line 18.

26 Multiply line 19 by 0.9. If you receive a pension based on noncovered employment see table 2.A11.1.

27 Subtract line 19 from line 25.

28 “0.32” has been entered. 0.32

29 Multiply line 27 by line 28.

30 Add lines 26 and 29 and round to next lower dime to obtain your PIA at age 62. Continue with line 38.

31 Enter your AIME from line 18.

32 Multiply line 19 by 0.9. If you receive a pension based on noncovered employment see table 2.A11.1.

33 Subtract line 19 from line 20 and multiply by 0.32.

34 Subtract line 20 from line 31.

35 “0.15” has been entered. 0.15

36 Multiply line 34 by line 35.

37 Add lines 32, 33, and 36 and round to next lower dime to obtain your PIA at age 62. Continue with line 38. 

38 If you attained age 62 in 2001, skip to line 44. Otherwise you will need to adjust your PIA to reflect cost-ofliving adjustments (COLAs) from the year you attained age 62 through 2000 by using lines 39–43 and 

Worksheet 2.

39 Enter year of attainment of age 62 from line 3.

40 Place an “X” corresponding to the year you attained age 62 in column 5, Worksheet 2.
OASDI: Computing a Retired-Worker Benefit

352 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

41 Place an “X” in column 5 (Worksheet 2) next to each subsequent year through 2000.

42 Enter your age 62 PIA from either line 24, 30, or 37—here and in shaded box in column 6, Worksheet 2.

43 Beginning with first year marked, multiply your age 62 PIA by the corresponding factor (column 4), round to 

lower dime, and enter in column 6. The resulting PIA is then multiplied by the next factor and is again rounded 

to lower dime. Continue this process through 2000. Enter this last figure, which is your current PIA.

STEP 5.—Computing the Monthly Benefit

44 Enter your current PIA from either line 24, 30, 37, or 43.

45 Using Worksheet 3, determine your full retirement age and enter here.

46 If you retired at your full retirement age round PIA from line 44 to next lower dollar to obtain your monthly 

benefit.

47 If you retired before the full retirement age enter your age at retirement including year and months.

48 Subtract line 47 from line 45 and convert the result to months to determine the total number of reduction 

months.

49 If line 48 is greater than 36 subtract 36 and enter the number here.

50 “0.0055556” (the decimal equivalent of 5/9ths of 1 percent—the monthly reduction factor for the first 36 

months) has been entered. 0.0055556

51 “0.0041667” (the decimal equivalent of 5/12ths of 1 percent—the monthly reduction factor for months above 

36) has been entered. 0.0041667

52 Multiply line 48 (but not more than 36) by line 50 to obtain the percentage reduction for the first 36 months.

53 Multiply line 49 by line 51 to obtain the percentage reduction for months in excess of 36.

54 Add lines 52 and 53 to obtain the total percentage reduction.

55 Multiply line 44 by line 54 to obtain the amount of benefit reduction.

56 Subtract line 55 from line 44 and round to next lower dollar to obtain your monthly benefit.

Instructions for computing a retired-worker benefit (only for workers attaining age 62 in years 

1988–2001)—Continued
OASDI: Computing a Retired-Worker Benefit

Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 353

Worksheet 1: Indexing of earnings

1

Year

2

Your

earnings

3

Maximum

taxable

earnings

4

Lower of

columns

2 or 3

5

Indexing

factor

6

Column

4 times

column 5

7

Highest

indexed

earnings

1951 $3,600

1952 3,600

1953 3,600

1954 3,600

1955 4,200

1956 4,200

1957 4,200

1958 4,200

1959 4,800

1960 4,800

1961 4,800

1962 4,800

1963 4,800

1964 4,800

1965 4,800

1966 6,600

1967 6,600

1968 7,800

1969 7,800

1970 7,800

1971 7,800

1972 9,000

1973 10,800

1974 13,200

1975 14,100

1976 15,300

1977 16,500

1978 17,700

1979 22,900

1980 25,900

1981 29,700

1982 32,400

1983 35,700

1984 37,800

1985 39,600

1986 42,000

1987 43,800

1988 45,000

1989 48,000

1990 51,300

1991 53,400

1992 55,500

1993 57,600

1994 60,600

1995 61,200

1996 62,700

1997 65,400

1998 68,400

1999 72,600

2000 76,200

Worksheet 2: Computing the primary insurance 

amount (PIA) for workers retiring after age 62

Year

1

1st

bend

point

2

2nd

bend

point

3

Cost-ofliving

increase

4

Cost-ofliving

factor

5 6

Age 62

1979 $180 $1,085 9.9 1.099

1980 194 1,171 14.3 1.143

1981 211 1,274 11.2 1.112

1982 230 1,388 7.4 1.074

1983 254 1,528 3.5 1.035

1984 267 1,612 3.5 1.035

1985 280 1,691 3.1 1.031

1986 297 1,790 1.3 1.013

1987 310 1,866 4.2 1.042

1988 319 1,922 4.0 1.040

1989 339 2,044 4.7 1.047

1990 356 2,145 5.4 1.054

1991 370 2,230 3.7 1.037

1992 387 2,333 3.0 1.030

1993 401 2,420 2.6 1.026

1994 422 2,545 2.8 1.028

1995 426 2,567 2.6 1.026

1996 437 2,635 2.9 1.029

1997 455 2,741 2.1 1.021

1998 477 2,875 1.3 1.013

1999 505 3,043 2.4 1.024

2000 531 3,202 3.5 1.035

2001 561 3,381 . . . . . .
OASDI: Computing a Retired-Worker Benefit

354 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Worksheet 3: Determining the full retirement age

Year of birth 1 

 1 If your birthday is January 1, refer to previous year.

Year of attainment

 of age 62

Year of attainment

of age 65 Full retirement age

Maximum reduction 

months

Maximum reduction

at age 62 2 

 2 The monthly reduction factor for the first 36 months is .0055556 and .0041667 for additional months.

1935 ...................... 1997 2000 65 years 36 0.2000000

1936 ...................... 1998 2001 65 years 36 0.2000000

1937 ...................... 1999 2002 65 years 36 0.2000000

1938 ...................... 2000 2003 65 years and 2 months 38 0.2083333

1939 ...................... 2001 2004 65 years and 4 months 40 0.2166667

1940 ...................... 2002 2005 65 years and 6 months 42 0.2250000

1941 ...................... 2003 2006 65 years and 8 months 44 0.2333333

1942 ...................... 2004 2007 65 years and 10 months 46 0.2416667

1943–1954 ............ 2005–2016 2008–2019 66 years 48 0.2500000

1955 ...................... 2017 2020 66 years and 2 months 50 0.2583333

1956 ...................... 2018 2021 66 years and 4 months 52 0.2666667

1957 ...................... 2019 2022 66 years and 6 months 54 0.2750000

1958 ...................... 2020 2023 66 years and 8 months 56 0.2833333

1959 ...................... 2021 2024 66 years and 10 months 58 0.2916667

1960 or later ........... 2022 and later 2025 and later 67 years 60 0.3000000

CONTACT: Joseph Bondar/Curt Pauzenga (410) 965-0162/7210 for futher information.
Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 355

Glossary

Actuarial reduction (OASDI) Reduction in monthly benefit amount payable on—

(1) Entitlement prior to full retirement age if the beneficiary is a retired worker, a

wife or husband of a retired or disabled worker (with entitlement not based on

caring for a child beneficiary), or a divorced spouse;

(2) Entitlement prior to full retirement age if the beneficiary is a widow, widower, or

a surviving divorced spouse; or

(3) Entitlement, in case of disability, at ages 50–59 if the beneficiary is a widow,

widower, or surviving divorced spouse. (For formulas used to compute the

reduction, see "Benefit Types and Levels" in the section Social Security (OldAge, Survivors, and Disability Insurance.))

0

Administrative Law Judge

(OASDI and SSI)

An Administrative Law Judge (ALJ) is an employee of SSA and is specially

qualified by education and experience to hold hearings and make independent

decisions based on all the evidence, including any testimony. See Administrative

review process.

Administrative review process

(OASDI and SSI)

The procedures followed by the Social Security Administration (SSA) in

determining one's right under title II and title XVI of the Social Security Act. The

administrative review process consists of several steps, which usually must be

requested within certain time periods and in the following order:

(1) Initial determination: A determination SSA makes about an individual's

entitlement to benefits or about any other matter that gives that person a right

to further administrative and/or judicial review.

(2) Reconsideration: The first step in the administrative review process. When an

individual disagrees with the initial determination, the individual may, within 60

days of receiving notice of the initial determination, ask SSA to reconsider it.

(3) Hearing before an Administrative Law Judge (ALJ): When an individual

disagrees with the reconsidered determination, he or she may, within 60 days

of receiving notice of the determination, request a hearing before an ALJ. The

hearing is informal and nonadversarial.

(4) Appeals Council review: When an individual disagrees with the decision or

dismissal of the ALJ, he or she may, within 60 days of receiving the hearing

decision, request that the Appeals Council review that decision. The Appeals

Council, within the Office of Hearings and Appeals, may deny or dismiss the

request for review, or it may grant the request and either issue a decision or

remand (return) the case to an ALJ. The Appeals Council may also review any

ALJ action on its own motion within 60 days after the ALJ's action. The

Appeals Council's decision or the hearing decision if the Council denies the

request for review, represents SSA's final decision in the administrative review

process. See Expedited appeals process and Federal court review. 0

Adult (SSI) A person older than age 21, aged 18–21 who is not regularly attending school, or

a person under 21 who is married or the head of a household. 

Age (OASDI) In current-pay benefit data tables, the age classification is based on the age of the

person at his or her last birthday. In award data, age is either age in month of

award or age in year of award, as specified in tables.

Aged beneficiary (OASDI) A person who qualifies for benefits on the basis of age rather than on the basis of

child care or disability.

Aged enrollee (Medicare) An individual aged 65 or older enrolled in the Medicare program.

Aged person (SSI) A person aged 65 or older.
356 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Allowance (DI) A determination that a worker is entitled to a cash disability benefit award or to the

establishment of a period of disability because of an inability to work by reason of

any physical or mental impairment.

Allowed charge (Medicare) An individual charge determination (approved amount) made by a carrier on a

covered medical service or supply.

Annual maximum taxable limit

(OASDI and HI)

The dollar amount above which earnings in Social Security covered employment

is neither taxable nor creditable for benefit computation purposes. (Also referred

to as "contribution and benefit base," "annual creditable maximum," "maximum

contribution and benefit base," "taxable maximum," and "maximum taxable.")

Under the HI program, there is no upper limit on earnings subject to taxes. See

table 2.A3.

Assigned claim (Medicare) A claim for which the physician or supplier agrees to accept the amount approved

by Medicare as the total payment. The physician or supplier is paid 80 percent of

the approved fee schedule (less any unmet deductible). The beneficiary can be

charged only for the coinsurance, the remaining 20 percent of the approved

amount. A participating physician or supplier agrees to accept assignment on all

claims.

Auxiliary benefit (OASDI) Monthly benefit payable to a spouse or child of a retired or disabled worker, or to a

survivor of a deceased worker.

Average See Mean.

Average indexed monthly

earnings—AIME (OASDI)

The resulting monthly earnings of a worker after indexing of actual earnings to

reflect the value of the individual's previous earnings relative to national average

earnings in the indexing year. A formula is then applied to this figure to compute

the primary insurance amount (PIA) for most workers who attain age 62, become

disabled, or die after 1978. The indexing year is the second year before the year

in which the worker attains age 62, becomes disabled, or dies. Taxable earnings

after the indexing year are included at their actual value. For widow(er)'s first

eligible after December 1984, the indexing year applicable to the deceased

worker's earnings may alternatively be the second year before the widow(er)'s

date of eligibility for survivors benefits if it results in a higher benefit. 0

Earnings are indexed by multiplying the worker's taxable earnings for each year

after 1950 through the indexing year by the average wages of all workers for the

indexing year, and dividing by the average wages of all workers for the year being

indexed. Once the earnings have been indexed, the AIME is computed by—

(1) determining the number of computation years—the number of years after 1950

(or the year of attainment of age 21, if later) and up to the year in which the

worker attains age 62, becomes disabled, or dies, minus dropout years,

generally 5 (minimum number of computation years is 2); 

(2) selecting the actual computation years, based on highest indexed earnings

from any years after 1950; and 

(3) dividing the sum of indexed earnings in the computation years by the total

number of months in the computation years. 

0

For workers entitled to disability benefits after June 1980, the number of dropout

years varies by the age attained in year of disability onset. The number is 0, 1, 2,

3, 4, and 5 for workers aged 26 or younger, 27–31, 32–36, 37–41, 42–46, and 47

or older, respectively. Effective for months after June 1981, however, disabled

workers under age 37 may obtain up to 3 additional dropout years (3, 2, and 1,

respectively, for those aged 26 or younger, 27–31, and 32–36) for which the

worker had no earnings and was living with a child (of the worker or his or her

spouse) under age 3.
Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 357

Average monthly wage—AMW

(OASDI)

The amount of earnings used as the basis for determining the primary insurance

amount (PIA) for workers who attained age 62, became disabled, or died before

1979, and also under a transitional guarantee computation for workers who

attained age 62 in 1979–83. The AMW is computed by—

(1) determining the number of computation years—the number of years after 1950

(or the year of attainment of age 21, if later) and up to the year in which the

worker attains age 62 (age 65 for men born before January 2, 1911, and the

later of age 62 or the year 1975 for men born after January 1, 1911), becomes

disabled, or dies, minus dropout years, generally 5 (minimum number of

computation years is 2);

(2) selecting the actual computation years, based on highest earnings (up to the

amount of the annual maximum taxable earnings in each year), from any

years after 1950; and

(3) dividing the sum of earnings in the computation years by the total number of

months in the computation years. 

0

See the last paragraph under AIME for special dropout rules for disabled workers. 0

An alternative computation method takes into account the worker's earnings after

1936. The method yielding the highest PIA is used. 0

The transitional guarantee computation is applicable to workers who attained age

62 in 1979–83, and to survivors of such workers (if the PIA under the transitional

guarantee computation is higher than under the AIME method). It excludes

earnings beginning with the year of attainment of age 62.

Award (OASDI) A determination that an individual is entitled to a specified type of benefit. An

award action is processed adding the individual to the Social Security benefit rolls

maintained for that type of benefit and is counted as an award in a particular

month. Award actions are processed not only for new beneficiaries but also for

persons already on the rolls whose benefits in one category are terminated but

who become entitled to another type of benefit. These actions are called

conversions. When a disabled worker attains the full retirement age, the worker

benefit and the benefits of spouses and children are converted to the retirement

category. Upon the death of a disabled worker, benefits for children are converted

to the survivor child category and benefits for spouses caring for these children

are converted to widowed mothers and fathers benefits. Benefits for spouses of

retired and disabled workers entitled because of age are converted to

nondisabled widows and widowers benefits upon the death of the worker. The

above conversions are counted in the award data. The benefits for children of

retired workers that are converted to benefits for children of deceased workers

upon the death of the worker are not counted in the award data.

Base years (OASDI) For computing Social Security benefits, the years after 1950 up to the year a

person is entitled to retirement or disability benefits. For a survivor's claim, the

base years include the year of the worker's death. 

Bend points (OASDI) The dollar amounts defining the AIME (Average Indexed Monthly Earnings) or PIA

(Primary Insurance Amount) brackets in the benefit formulas. See tables 2.A11

and 2.A13. 

Beneficiary (OASDI) A person who has been awarded benefits on the basis of his or her own or

another's earnings record. The benefits may be either in current-payment status

or withheld.

Benefit period (Medicare) An alternate name for "spell of illness."

Benefit reduction (OASDI) See Actuarial reduction. 

Benefit termination (OASDI) See Termination.
358 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Benefits in force (OASDI) The sum of the number of persons with benefits in current-payment status and

persons with benefits withheld.

Benefits withheld (OASDI) See Withholding.

Blind (OASDI and SSI) "Blindness" for Social Security purposes means either central visual acuity of 20/

200 or less in the better eye with the use of a correcting lens, or a limitation in the

fields of vision so that the widest diameter of the visual field subtends an angle of

20 degrees or less (tunnel vision).

Black Lung Benefits Program Provides for monthly payments and medical treatment to coal miners totally

disabled from pneumoconiosis (black lung) arising from employment in or around

the nation's coal mines, augmented payments based on the number of miner's

dependents, and payments to certain survivors of miners who died due to or while

totally disabled from pneumoconiosis.

Buy-In (Medicare) A Medicare beneficiary who is also eligible for Medicaid, and for whom Part B

(Supplementary Medical Insurance) premiums are paid by a state Medicaid

program.

Capitation (Medicare) A prospective payment method that pays the provider of service a uniform amount

for each person served usually on a monthly basis. Capitation is used in managed

care alternatives such as Health Maintenance Organizations.

Carrier (Medicare) An entity that the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services contracts to process

physician/supplier claims and make payments for Part B (Supplementary Medical

Insurance) services.

Child (SSI) An unmarried blind or disabled person who is not the head of a household and

who is either under age 18 or aged 18–21 and regularly attending school.

Childhood disability benefit

(OASDI)

See Disabled child's benefit.

Child's benefit (OASDI) Monthly benefits to children of a retired or disabled worker or of a deceased

worker who died either fully or currently insured. Benefits are payable to

unmarried children under age 18 (up to age 19 if attending elementary or

secondary school full time) and to disabled children aged 18 or older who became

disabled before age 22. Under certain circumstances, benefits can be paid to

stepchildren, grandchildren, or adopted children. Benefits for disabled children

may be continued if they marry certain other Social Security beneficiaries.

Claimant (OASDI and SSI) The person on whose behalf an application for benefits is filed. 

Coinsurance (Medicare) See Cost-sharing.

Computation starting date

(OASDI)

December 31 of either 1936 or 1950. Taxable earnings after the applicable

starting date are counted in computing average monthly earnings (only starting

date of Dec. 31, 1950 is applicable in computing average indexed monthly

earnings).

Consumer Price Index (OASDI

and Medicare)

A relative measure of inflation prepared by the U. S. Department of Labor. The

CPI charts the rise in costs for selected goods and services and is used to

compute COLA increases. In this report, all references to the CPI relate to the CPI

for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers (CPI-W).

Continuing disability review

(DI and SSI)

A periodic review to determine if a disabled individual is still medically eligible to

receive benefits.

Contributions (OASDI and

Medicare)

The amount based on a percentage of earnings, up to an annual maximum, that

must be paid by—

(1) employers and employees on wages from employment under FICA (Federal

Insurance Contributions Act),
Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 359

(2) the self-employed on net earnings from self-employment under SECA (SelfEmployment Contributions Act), and 

(3) states on the wages of state and local government employees covered under

the Social Security Act through voluntary agreements under section 218 of the

Act.

0

Generally, employers withhold contributions from wages, add an equal amount of

contributions, and pay both on a current basis. Also referred to as "taxes."

Conversion of benefits

(OASDI)

For persons already on the rolls whose benefits are terminated and who are then

awarded a different type of benefit. The type of benefit award that include a

significant number of conversions are retired-worker benefits at full retirement age

(previously disabled-worker benefits) and benefits of a spouse and child of retired

worker (previously spouse and child of disabled worker). See Award.

Cost-of-Living Adjustment

(COLA)

Social Security benefits and Supplemental Security Income payments are

increased each year to keep pace with increases in the cost of living (inflation).

The Consumer Price Index is used to compute COLA increases.

Cost sharing (Medicare) The generic term that includes copayments, coinsurance, and deductibles; also,

out-of-pocket expenses. 0

Copayments—Flat fees, typically modest, that insured persons must pay for a

particular unit of services, such as an office visit, emergency room visit, or the

filing of a prescription. 0

Coinsurance—Portion of the costs paid by the beneficiary after meeting the

annual deductible. 0

Deductibles—The annual amount payable by the beneficiary for covered services

before Medicare makes reimbursement.

Couple (SSI) See Eligible couple. 

Covered earnings (OASDI) Earnings in employment covered by the OASDI programs.

Covered employment (OASDI) All employment and self-employment creditable for Social Security purposes. 

Covered worker (OASDI) A person who has earnings creditable for Social Security purposes on the basis of

services for wages in covered employment and/or on the basis of income from

self-employment.

Current-payment status

(OASDI)

Status of a beneficiary who is paid a benefit for a given month, with or without

deductions, provided the deductions add to less than a full month's benefit. The

amount shown is prior to deduction for the Part B (Supplementary Medical

Insurance) premium. A benefit in current—payment status at the end of a month is

usually payable in the following month.

Deductible (Medicare) The amounts paid by enrollees for covered services before Medicare makes

reimbursements. 0

Hospital Insurance—Deductible applies to each new benefit period. It is

determined each year by a formula specified by law, and approximates the current

cost of a 1-day inpatient hospital stay. 0

Supplementary Medical Insurance—Deductible is the first $100 of covered

charges per calendar year.

Deeming (SSI) Takes into account the income and resources of certain persons who live with an

SSI recipient when determining the amount of the payment. These persons

include the ineligible spouses of adult recipients, the ineligible parents of child

recipients under age 18, and the immigration sponsor for certain noncitizens.
360 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Delayed retirement credit

(OASDI)

Increases the benefit amount for certain individuals who did not receive benefits

for months after attainment of the full retirement age but before age 70. Delayed

retirement credit increases apply for benefits beginning January of the year

following the year the individual attains full retirement age. 0

Each monthly credit serves as a basis for increasing the monthly benefit (unless

the benefit is based on a special minimum PIA) by specified percentages that

depend on the year the worker attains age 62. The monthly credit was 1/12 of 1

percent for workers who attained age 62 before 1979 and 1⁄4 of 1 percent for

workers who attained age 62 from 1979 through 1986. The corresponding

monthly credits for workers who attain age 62 after 1986 are shown in table

2.A20. The increase is applicable to the worker's monthly benefit amount but not

to his or her PIA. Hence, auxiliary benefits are generally not affected. However, a

widow(er)'s benefit may be increased based on the credit that had been applied to

the benefit of the deceased worker or for which the worker was eligible at the time

of death.

Dependents benefit (OASDI) Monthly benefit payable to a spouse or child of a retired or disabled worker.

Diagnosis-Related Groups

(Medicare)

A classification system that groups patients according to diagnosis, type of

treatment, age, and other relevant criteria. Under the prospective payment

system, hospitals are paid a set fee for treatment of patients in a single DRG

category, regardless of the actual cost of care for the individual.

Diagnostic group (OASDI and

SSI)

Classification of medical conditions, by body system, and identifies the medical

condition(s) on which disability-related benefits are based. Prior to 1985, the

coding of the primary and secondary diagnoses for OASDI and SSI claimants was

in accordance with the International Classification of Diseases, 9th Revision,

Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM), using 4-digit ICD-9 codes. In 1985, SSA

implemented a revised method to determine and enter impairment codes on

administrative records. This revised approach provides for a modified impairment

coding system, using three digits (followed by zero), loosely based on ICD-9. For

research purposes, ICD-9 codes and SSA impairment codes are, typically, not

identical. However, the diagnostic groupings shown in the statistical tables closely

parallel the major ICD-9 disease classifications. 

Direct deposit (OASDI and

SSI)

A procedure by which beneficiaries have their monthly benefit checks sent,

electronically, directly to financial institutions they designate.

Disability (DI) The inability to engage in substantial gainful activity (SGA) by reason of any

medically determinable physical or mental impairment that can be expected to

result in death or can be expected to last for a continuous period of not less than

12 months. Special rules apply for workers aged 55 or older whose disability is

based on blindness. 0

The law generally requires that a person be disabled continuously for 5 months

before he or she can qualify for a disabled-worker benefit.

Disability (SSI) The inability to engage in substantial gainful activity (SGA) by reason of any

medically determinable physical or mental impairment that can be expected to

result in death or can be expected to last for a continuous period of not less than

12 months. This 12-month requirement does not apply to the blind. 0

The SGA criterion does not apply to children under age 18. The standard for them

is a medically determinable physical or mental impairment which results in marked

and severe functional limitations.

Disabled child's benefit

(OASDI)

A monthly benefit payable to a disabled person aged 18 or older—son, daughter,

or eligible grandchild of retired, deceased, or disabled worker—whose disability

began before age 22. (Also referred to as "disabled adult child.")
Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 361

Disabled enrollee (Medicare) A person under age 65 who has been entitled to disability benefits under title II of

the Social Security Act or Railroad Retirement system for at least 2 years.

 Disabled surviving divorced

husband's benefit (OASDI)

See Widow/widower's benefit.

Disabled surviving divorced

wife's benefit (OASDI)

See Widow/widower's benefit.

Disabled widower's benefit

(OASDI)

See Widow/widower's benefit.

Disabled widow's benefit

(OASDI)

See Widow/widower's benefit.

Disabled-worker benefit (DI) A monthly benefit payable to a disabled worker under full retirement age insured

for disability. Before November 1960, disability benefits were limited to disabled

workers aged 50–64.

Divorced husband's benefit

(OASDI)

See Husband's benefit.

Divorced wife's benefit

(OASDI)

See Wife's benefit.

Drug addiction and

alcoholism (OASDI and SSI)

Legislation enacted in 1996 eliminated drug addiction and alcoholism (DA&A) as

a basis for entitlement to Social Security and SSI disability benefits, effective Jan.

1, 1997. Individuals for whom drugs and/or alcohol is deemed a contributing factor

material to the determination of disability will not be entitled to disability benefits.

Individuals already receiving disability benefits as of the effective date would

cease receiving them (although they could request a new medical determination)

unless they are found to be disabled due to a medical impairment other than

DA&A.

Dual entitlement (OASDI) Entitled to a worker (primary) benefit and a higher secondary benefit. The primary

benefit is paid in full but the secondary benefit is paid only in the amount by which

it exceeds the primary benefit. If the two benefits are financed from the same trust

fund, the beneficiary is usually represented only once in the statistics, as a retiredworker or a disabled-worker beneficiary, and the benefit amount recorded is the

larger amount associated with the auxiliary benefit. If the benefits are paid from

different trust funds the beneficiary is represented twice.

Durable Medical Equipment

(Medicare)

Includes certain medical supplies and such items as hospital beds and wheel

chairs used in a patient's home.

Early retirement (OASDI) Age 62, with actuarially reduced benefits, is the earliest age a person may receive

Social Security retirement benefits.

Earnings (OASDI and

Medicare)

All wages from employment and net earnings from self-employment, whether or

not taxable or covered.

Earnings test (OASDI) The provision requiring the withholding of benefits if nondisabled beneficiaries

under full retirement age have earnings in excess of certain exempt amounts. See

table 2.A29.

Eligible couple (SSI) Two persons living together as married, both of whom are eligible for SSI.

Eligible individual (SSI) An aged, blind, or disabled person eligible for SSI.

Eligible worker (OASDI) For retirement benefits, an individual who meets the insured status and age

requirements for benefits whether or not he or she has filed an application; for

Disability Insurance benefits, an individual who meets the insured status

requirements and has established a period of disability.
362 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Emergency advance

payments (SSI)

Payments available at initial application for individuals who need cash assistance

before their first Supplemental Security Income payment arrives. This advance is

withheld from the first check.

End Stage Renal Disease

(Medicare)

Permanent kidney failure.

Entitlement (OASDI) The state of meeting the applicable requirements for receipt of benefits, including

the filing of an application. Entitlement can be retroactive and thus precede the

date of award. The retroactive period can be 12 months for disabled workers, their

spouses and children, and disabled widows and widowers. The maximum

retroactive period for other types of beneficiaries is 6 months. 0

Retroactive benefits for months before full retirement age are not payable to a

retired worker, a spouse or a widow(er) if a permanent reduction of the monthly

benefit amount would result. However, persons filing for a widow's or widower's

benefit in the month immediately following the month of the worker's death may

elect a 1-month retroactivity, even if reduced benefits would result. A person can

be entitled to more than one benefit simultaneously (dual entitlement). Most dual

entitlements cases consist of persons entitled to a worker benefit and a higher

spouse's benefit or widow(er)'s benefit. 0

Technical entitlement occurs when a beneficiary is entitled to benefits on more

than one earnings record but is eligible to receive benefits on only one earnings

record. There are two types of technical entitlement:

(1) Simultaneous technical entitlement: beneficiary is entitled to the same type of

benefit on more than one earnings record; 

(2) Potential dual entitlement: the secondary benefit amount potentially exceeds

the primary benefit, but reduction for age or family maximum causes the

primary benefit to exceed the secondary benefit amount.

0

Expedited appeals process

(OASDI and SSI)

This permits an individual to go directly to a federal district court after review of the

initial determination without first completing the administrative review process, if

the only dispute is whether an applicable provision of the Social Security Act is

constitutional. See Administrative review process.

Family benefit (OASDI) The sum of the individual monthly benefits payable to all the beneficiaries entitled

on the basis of a single earnings record. See Maximum family benefit.

Family classification (OASDI) As used in statistical tables, the number and types of beneficiaries entitled to

benefits on a single earnings record. Since the family classification is determined

by the types of beneficiaries entitled, it can differ from actual family status. For

example, a married couple is classified as a worker-and-spouse family if both

persons are entitled on the earnings record of one of them. If both persons were

entitled on their own earnings record they would be designated as two workeronly families.

Father's benefit (OASDI) A monthly benefit payable to a widower or surviving divorced father if (1) the

deceased worker on whose account the benefit is paid was either fully or currently

insured at the time of death and (2) an entitled child of the worker in his care is

under age 16 or is disabled. 

Federal benefit rates (SSI) The basic benefit standards used in computing the amount of federal SSI

payments. Benefit levels differ for individuals and couples living in households and

for persons in Medicaid institutions. Individuals or couples living in their own

households receive the full federal benefit. The federal benefit is reduced by onethird, if an individual or couple is living in another person's household and

receiving support and maintenance there. The federal benefit rates are increased

annually to reflect increases in the cost of living. 
Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 363

Federal court review (OASDI

and SSI)

When an individual disagrees with SSA's final decision he or she may request

judicial review by filing a civil action in a federal district court. See Administrative

review process.

Federally administered

payments (SSI)

Federal SSI payments and state supplementation payments issued by SSA on

behalf of states.

Federally administered state

supplementation (SSI)

Cash payments provided by a state and issued by SSA, which is also responsible

for the maintenance of payment records. See State supplementation.

Food Stamp Program The program issues monthly allotments of coupons that are redeemable at retail

food stores, or provides benefits through electronic benefit transfer to help single

people and families with little or no income to buy food.

Full retirement age (OASI) The age at which a person may first become entitled to unreduced retirement

benefits. For persons reaching age 62 before 2000, the normal retirement age is

65. It will increase gradually to 67 for persons reaching that age in 2027 or later,

beginning with an increase to 65 years and 2 months for persons reaching age 65

in 2003. The higher full retirement age affects the benefit amount if a person

chooses to receive reduced benefits.

 Government pension offset

(OASDI)

A law that affects spouse's or widow(er)'s benefits. Benefits are subject to

reduction by any government pensions payable to the spouse on the basis of his

or her own earnings in noncovered employment. The offset reduces the Social

Security benefit amount by two-thirds of the amount of the government pension.

Gross Domestic Product—

GDP

The total dollar value of all goods and services produced by labor and property

located in the United States, regardless who supplies the labor or property.

Health Maintenance

Organization (Medicare)

Competitive medical plans, including Medicare+Choice, that have contracts with

the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services on a prospective capitation basis

for providing health care to Medicare beneficiaries.

Home Health Agency

(Medicare and Medicaid)

A public or private organization that provides skilled nursing services and other

therapeutic services in the patient's home and that meets certain conditions to

ensure the health and safety of the individual.

Home health services

(Medicare and Medicaid)

Items furnished in a patient's home under the care of physicians. These services

are furnished under a plan established and periodically reviewed by a physician.

They include part-time or intermittent skilled nursing care; physical, occupational,

or speech therapy; medical social services; medical supplies and appliances

(other than drugs and biologicals); home health aid services; and services of

interns and residents.

Hospice (Medicare and

Medicaid)

A public agency or private organization that is primarily engaged in providing pain

relief, symptom management, and supportive services to patients that are certified

to be terminally ill. Medicare beneficiaries may elect to receive hospice care

instead of standard Medicare benefits for terminal illnesses.

Household (LIHEAP) Any individual or group of individuals who are living together as one economic unit

and for whom residential energy is customarily purchased in common, or who

make designated payments for energy in the form of rent.

Husband's benefit (OASDI) Monthly benefit payable to a husband or a divorced husband (aged 62 or older) of

a retired or disabled worker. See Spouse's benefit.

Independent laboratory

services (Medicare)

Diagnostic laboratory tests ordered by a physician and performed in a laboratory

independent of a physician's office or a hospital.

Inpatient hospital services

(Medicare)

Items and services furnished to an inpatient of a hospital by the hospital, including

room and board, nursing and related services, diagnostic and therapeutic

services, and medical or surgical services.
364 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Institutionalization (Medicaid

and SSI)

Living arrangements for persons in public or private institutions when more than

50 percent of the cost of their care is met by the Medicaid program.

Insured status (OASDI) The state of having sufficient quarters of coverage to meet the eligibility

requirements for retired-worker or disabled-worker benefits or to permit the

worker's spouse and children or survivors to establish eligibility for benefits in the

event of his or her disability, retirement, or death. See "Insured Status" in the

section Social Security (Old-Age, Survivors, and Disability Insurance).

Interim assistance (SSI) Payments made by a state or local government to Supplemental Security Income

applicants while their claims are being adjudicated. Repayment is made from the

first SSI payment.

Intermediary (Medicare) An organization, selected by providers of health care, that has an agreement with

the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services to process and pay institutional

claims and perform other functions under the program.

Life expectancy The average number of years of life remaining at each tabulated birthday. See

Life table (period).

Life table (period) A period life table represents the mortality experience of an entire population

during a relatively short period of time, usually 1–3 years. Such tables are useful

for analyzing changes in the mortality experienced by a population through time.

The table refers to a cohort of 100,000 people with the same birthday who

experience the rate of mortality, or probability of death within 1 year, shown in the

table, throughout their lives.

Lifetime reserve (Medicare) Nonrenewable 60 days of inpatient hospital care to draw on if the 90 covered days

per benefit period are exhausted. Patients are required to pay a daily coinsurance

amount equal to one-half of the inpatient hospital deductible for each lifetime

reserve day.

Limitation of widow(er)'s

benefit (OASDI)

The reduction of the widow(er)'s benefit due to the early retirement of the

deceased spouse. The benefit for a nondisabled widow(er) is limited to the larger

of 82-1/2 percent of the deceased spouse's primary insurance amount, or the

amount to which the deceased spouse would have been entitled if he or she were

still alive. Thus, receipt of benefits by a worker before the normal retirement age

will result in a reduction of benefits for a widow(er), even if the widow(er) became

entitled after his or her own normal retirement age. Tables showing data on

reduction for early retirement for nondisabled widows and widowers do not

include those with limited benefits unless they became entitled before their own

normal retirement age. See Widow/widower's benefit.

Low-Income Home Energy

Assistance Program (LIHEAP)

Federal program to assist low-income households with heating and cooling costs.

Low-income households

(LIHEAP)

Households with income under the greater of 150 percent of the poverty guideline

for their state or 60 percent of the state median income, or households with

members receiving Temporary Assistance for Needy Families, Supplemental

Security Income, Food Stamps, or certain needs-tested veterans' benefits.

Lump-sum death benefit

(OASDI)

A one-time payment, generally $255, payable on the death of a fully or currently

insured worker. The lump sum is payable to the surviving spouse of the worker,

under most circumstances, or to the worker's children.

Managed Care (Medicare) Includes Health Maintenance Organizations (HMOs), Competitive Medical Plans

(CMPs), and other plans that provide health services on a prepayment basis

which is either based on cost or risk depending on the type of contract they have

with Medicare. See also Medicare+Choice.
Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 365

Mandatory minimum state

supplementation (SSI)

Required by federal law for individuals converted to the Supplemental Security

Income program from state assistance programs for the aged, blind, or disabled.

This provision insures that monthly income will not be less than the amount

received under the former state programs.

Maximum family benefit

(OASDI)

The maximum monthly amount that can be paid on a worker's earnings record.

Whenever the total of the individual monthly benefits payable to all the

beneficiaries entitled on one earnings record exceeds the maximum, each

dependents or survivors benefit is proportionately reduced to bring the total within

the maximum. Benefits payable to divorced spouses or surviving divorced

spouses are not reduced under the family maximum provision. See tables 2.A13,

2.A14, and 2.A17 for formulas for computing the family maximum.

Maximum taxable (OASDI and

Medicare)

See Annual maximum taxable limit.

Mean The arithmetic mean is calculated by dividing the sum of all of the values of a

variable by the number of cases. The term "average" used in the statistical tables

in this document refers to the arithmetic mean. See also Median.

Median The median is a measure of central value which identifies that value that divides a

distribution in half such that an equal number of cases fall below it as there are

above it. See also Mean.

Medicaid A federal-state program that provides medical assistance for certain individuals

and families with low incomes and limited resources.

Medical Savings Account—

MSA (Medicare)

A plan that provides benefits after a single high deductible is met. Medicare

makes an annual deposit to the MSA and the beneficiary is expected to use that

money to pay for medical expenses below the annual deductible. MSAs are

currently a test program.

Medically needy (Medicaid) Persons who would be eligible for Medicaid under one of the program's

mandatory or optional groups, except that their income and/or resources are

above the eligibility level set by their state. The states may extend eligibility to

these otherwise qualified persons by allowing them to "spend down" to Medicaid

eligibility by incurring medical and/or remedial care expenses to offset their

excess income, thereby reducing it to a level below the maximum allowed by that

state's Medicaid plan.

Medicare A federally administered health insurance program that covers the cost of

hospitalization, medical care, and some related services for most persons aged

65 or older. Also covers persons receiving Social Security Disability Insurance

payments for 2 years, and persons with end-stage renal disease. Medicare

consists of two separate but coordinated programs—Part A (Hospital Insurance,

HI) and Part B (Supplementary Medical Insurance, SMI).

Medicare+Choice An expanded set of options for the delivery of health care under Medicare

established by the Balanced Budget Act of 1997. Most Medicare beneficiaries can

choose to receive benefits through the original fee-for-service program or through

one of the following Medicare+Choice plans: (1) coordinated care plans (such as

health maintenance organizations, provider sponsored organizations, and

preferred provider organizations); (2) Medical Savings Account (MSA)/Deductible

plans (through a demonstration available to up to 390,0000 beneficiaries); or (3)

private fee-for-service plans.

Medicare Economic Index An index that is often used in the calculation of the increases in the prevailing

charge levels that help to determine allowed charges for physician services. In

1991 and later, this index is considered in connection with the update factor for the

physician fee schedule.
366 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Medigap (Medicare) A term used for private health insurance that pays, within limits, most of the health

care service charges not covered by Part A (Hospital Insurance) or Part B

(Supplementary Medical Insurance).

Military wage credits (OASDI

and Medicare)

Credits recognizing that military personnel receive wages in kind (such as food

and shelter) in addition to their basic pay and other cash payments.

Noncontributory wage credits of $160 are provided for each month of active

military service from Sept. 16, 1940, through Dec. 31, 1956. For years after 1956,

the basic pay of military personnel is covered under the Social Security program

on a contributory basis. In addition to the contributory credits for basic pay,

noncontributory wage credits of $300 were granted for each calendar quarter from

January 1957 through December 1977, in which a person received pay for military

service. In years after 1977, noncontributory wage credits of $100 are granted for

each $300 of military wages, up to a maximum annual credit of $1,200.

Minimum benefit (OASDI) The lowest benefit (before actuarial reduction) payable to a retired worker, a

disabled worker, or a sole survivor of a deceased worker. The minimum benefit

was eliminated for most workers who attain age 62, become disabled, or die after

1981.

 Monthly benefit amount

(OASDI)

The amount payable after reduction, if necessary, for age, family maximum, and

other reasons but before any deduction for SMI premiums. Effective June 1982,

the final benefit payment is rounded to the next lowest $1 (if not already a multiple

of $1) after reduction for age, family maximum, and other reasons and after any

deduction for SMI premiums. The Annual Statistical Supplement tables with

monthly benefits reflect the Monthly Benefit Credited (MBC). The amount is

derived as follows:

(1) subtract the SMI premium from the monthly benefit amount; 

(2) round the above result down to the nearest whole dollar; and 

(3) add back the SMI premium to the rounded result from 2 above. 0

The result is the MBC. 0

For example, if a monthly benefit amount is $678.20, and an SMI premium of

$45.50 is deducted, the MBC is $677.80 (calculated as follows: $678.20 - $45.50

= $632.70 rounded down to $632.00 + $45.50 = $677.50).

Mother's benefit (OASDI) A monthly benefit payable to a widow or surviving divorced mother if (1) the

deceased worker on whose account the benefit is paid was either fully or currently

insured at the time of his death and (2) the entitled child of the worker is in her

care and is under age 16 or disabled. 

Nondisabled widow/widower's

benefit OASDI)

See Widow/widower's benefit.

Nonpayment status (OASDI) See Withholding.

Normal retirement age (OASI) See Full retirement age.

Old-age benefit (OASI) See Retired-worker benefit.

Old-Age, Survivors, and

Disability Insurance (OASDI)

The Social Security programs which pays monthly cash benefits to: 

(1) retired worker (old-age) beneficiaries and their spouses and children and to

survivors of deceased insured workers (OASI), and

(2) disabled-worker beneficiaries and their spouses and children and for providing

rehabilitation services to the disabled (DI).

Optional state

supplementation (SSI)

May be provided by states to bring the combined Supplemental Security Incomestate payment to an amount more nearly commensurate with their costs of living

than is the SSI payment alone.

Outpatient services

(Medicare)

Services furnished to outpatients by a participating hospital for diagnosis or

treatment of an illness or injury.
Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 367

Own household (SSI) A definition used to determine the federal benefit rates. Applies to adults who own

their living quarters; are liable for the rent; pay their pro rata shares of household

expenses; are living in households composed only of recipients of public incomemaintenance payments; are placed by agencies in private households; and

children living in their parent's household. See Federal benefit rates.

Parent's benefit (OASDI) Monthly benefit payable to a dependent parent aged 62 or older of a deceased

fully insured worker.

Payment status (OASDI) The state or condition of a benefit with respect to actual receipt by the

beneficiary—that is, whether the benefit is in current-payment status or withheld.

Peer Review OrganizationPRO (Medicare)A group of practicing physicians and other health care professionals, paid by the

federal government, to review the care given to Medicare patients.

Period of disability (DI) A continuous period of at least 5 months during which a worker has no earnings

(or low earnings) because of disability. This period of disability is not counted

when determining the worker's insured status and the monthly benefit amount

payable to the worker and his or her family. The period of disability can also

preserve the family's rights to benefits in another way: the beginning date of the

period of disability is a point for determining dependency of a child and a parent.

Physician services (Medicare) Services provided by an individual licensed under state law to practice medicine

or osteopathy. Services by hospital bills are not included.

Preferred Provider

Organization (Medicare)

An arrangement between a provider network and a health insurance or a selfinsured employer. Providers generally accept payments less than traditional Fee

for Service payments in return for a potentially greater share of the patient market.

PPO enrollees are not required to use the preferred providers, but are given

financial incentives to do so, such as reduced coinsurance and deductibles.

Providers do not accept financial risk for the management of care.

Presumptive disability or

blindness (SSI)

For certain diagnoses, where there is high probability of a favorable medical

determination of disability or blindness, payments may be made for up to 6

months before the formal determination if the applicant meets the other eligibility

qualifications.

Primary insurance amount—

PIA (OASDI)

The monthly amount payable to a retired worker who begins to receive benefits at

normal retirement age or to a disabled worker who has never received a

retirement benefit reduced for age. This amount, which is related to the worker's

average monthly wage or average indexed monthly earnings, is also the amount

used as a base for computing all types of benefits payable on the basis of one

individual's earnings record.

Primary insurance amount

formula (OASDI)

The mathematical formula relating the PIA (Primary Insurance Amount) to the

AIME (Average Indexed Monthly Earnings) for workers who attain age 62,

become disabled, or die after 1978. The PIA is equal to the sum of 90 percent of

AIME up to the first bend point, plus 32 percent of AIME above the first bend point

up to the second bend point, plus 15 percent of AIME in excess of the second

bend point. Automatic benefit increases are applied beginning with the year of

eligibility.

Prospective Payment System

(Medicare)

A method of reimbursement for hospitals which was implemented effective with

hospital cost reporting periods beginning on or after Oct. 1, 1983. Under this

system, Medicare payment is made at a predetermined, specific rate for each

discharge. All discharges are classified according to a list of diagnosis-related

groups (DRGs).

Prouty benefit (OASI) See Special age-72 benefit.

Provider (Medicare and

Medicaid)

Medicare—A provider is a facility, supplier, or physician who furnishes medical

services. 0
368 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Medicaid—A provider is a person, group, or agency who provides covered

services to enrollees.

Qualified Medicare

Beneficiaries (Medicare and

Medicaid)

QMBs are persons with incomes at or below 100 percent of the federal poverty

level and resources at or below 200 percent of the SSI limit. Medicaid pays the HI

and SMI premiums and the Medicare coinsurance and deductibles, subject to

limits that states may impose on payment rates. 

Quarters of coverage (OASDI

and Medicare)

The crediting of coverage needed for insured status. A worker receives 1 quarter

of coverage (up to a total of 4) for a designated amount of annual earnings

reported from employment or self-employment. This dollar amount is subject to

annual automatic increases in proportion to increases in average earnings. For

amounts in years 1939 to present, see table 2.A7. No more than 4 quarters of

coverage may be credited for any calendar year, and no quarter of coverage is

credited after the quarter in which death occurred or for a quarter entirely included

in a period of disability.

Railroad Retirement A federal insurance program designed for workers in the railroad industry. The

provisions of the Railroad Retirement Act provide for a system of coordination and

financial interchange between the Railroad Retirement program and the Social

Security program.

Reasonable cost (Medicare) Intermediaries and carriers use the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services

guidelines to determine reasonable costs incurred by providers in furnishing

covered services to enrollees. Reasonable cost is based on the actual cost of

providing such services, including direct and indirect costs of providers and

excluding any costs that are unnecessary in the efficient delivery of services

covered by the Hospital Insurance program.

Redetermination (SSI) The periodic review of eligibility for each Supplemental Security Income recipient

to ensure that eligibility continues and that payments are in the proper amount.

Reduction for early retirement

(OASDI)

See Actuarial reduction.

Representative payee (OASDI

and SSI)

A person designated by the Social Security Administration to receive monthly

benefits on behalf of a beneficiary when such action appears to be in the

beneficiary's best interest. A representative payee is appointed for an adult

beneficiary when the beneficiary is physically or mentally incapable of managing

his or her own funds. In addition, a payee is usually appointed to receive benefits

on behalf of a child under age 18.

Retired-worker (old-age)

benefit (OASI)

Monthly benefit payable to a fully insured retired worker aged 62 or older, or to a

person entitled under the transitionally insured status provision in the law. Retiredworker benefit data do not include special age-72 benefits, unless indicated. 

Retirement age (OASI) The age at which an individual establishes entitlement to retirement benefits. See

Full retirement age.

Retirement earnings test

(OASDI)

See Earnings test.

Secondary benefit (OASDI) Monthly benefit payable to a spouse or child of a retired or disabled worker, or to a

survivor of a deceased worker.

Section 1619(a) (SSI) See Special cash payments.

Section 1619(b) (SSI) See Special recipient status.

Self-employed (OASDI and HI) One who derives income from the operation of a partnership or nonincorporated

trade or business.
Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 369

Skilled nursing facility

(Medicare)

An institution that has a transfer agreement with one or more participating

hospitals, is primarily engaged in providing skilled nursing care and rehabilitative

services to inpatients, and meets specific regulatory certification requirements.

Social Security number

(OASDI and HI)

A nine-digit number used to identify the record of earnings an individual has in

employment or self-employment covered by Social Security.

Social Security Act Public Law 74-271, enacted August 14, 1935, with subsequent amendments. The

Social Security Act consists of 20 titles, of which four have been repealed.

Special age-72 benefit (OASI) Monthly benefit payable to men who attained age 72 before 1972 and to women

who attained age 72 before 1970 and who do not have sufficient quarters of

coverage to qualify for a retired-worker benefit under either the fully or the

transitionally insured status provisions. (Also known as Prouty benefits.)

Special cash payments (SSI) Continuing cash benefits for disabled individuals whose gross earned income is at

the amount designated as the substantial gainful activity level. The person must

continue to be disabled and meet all other eligibility rules.

Special minimum PIA (OASDI) An alternative Primary Insurance Amount based on the worker's length (years) of

covered employment. It is designed to help those who worked in covered

employment for many years but had low earnings. See table 2.A12 for

computation of the special minimum PIA.

Special recipient status (SSI) For Medicaid purposes, provides special status to working disabled or blind

individuals when their earnings make them ineligible for cash payments.

Specified Low-Income

Medicare Beneficiaries

(Medicare and Medicaid)

SLMBs are persons who meet all Qualified Medicare Beneficiary requirements

except that their incomes are slightly higher, though less than 120 percent of the

federal poverty level. Medicaid pays their Part B (Supplementary Medical

Insurance) premium.

Spell of illness (Medicare) A period of consecutive days beginning with the first day on which a beneficiary is

furnished inpatient hospital or extended care services and ending with the close of

the first period of 60 consecutive days thereafter in which the beneficiary is in

neither a hospital or skilled nursing facility.

Spouse's benefit (OASDI) Monthly benefit payable to a spouse or a divorced spouse of a retired or disabled

worker under one of the following conditions:

(1) the spouse is aged 62 or older or has an entitled child of the worker in his or

her care who is under age 16 or is disabled; or

(2) the divorced spouse is aged 62 or older and was married to the worker for 10

years before the divorce became final. Effective with benefits payable after

December 1984, a divorced spouse of an eligible worker can be entitled to

benefits if he or she meets the requirements for entitlement and has been

divorced for at least 2 years, regardless of whether the worker has filed for

benefits or has benefits withheld due to the earnings test. Effective with

benefits payable beginning January 1991, the 2-year period is waived if the

worker was entitled to benefits before the divorce. The earnings test will

continue to apply to the divorced spouse's own earnings; or

(3) effective with benefits payable beginning January 1991, a deemed spouse

(including a divorced deemed) spouse), regardless of whether the legal

spouse is entitled to benefits on the same earnings record. A deemed spouse

is a person who entered into an invalid ceremonial marriage in good faith.

State-administered

supplementation (SSI)

See State supplementation.

State supplementation (SSI) Payments to eligible persons made under state provisions. These payments may

vary by the recipient's living situation and by geographic area within the state. The

payments are federally and state-administered.
370 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Student's benefit (OASDI) Child's benefit payable to a full-time unmarried elementary or secondary school

student aged 18–19. Student's benefits end at age 19 or at the end of the current

semester or quarter, whichever is later. 

Substantial gainful activity (DI

and SSI)

Remunerative work that is substantial, as determined from considering the

amount of money earned, and/or the number of hours worked, and the nature of

the work. See table 2.A30 for money amounts.

Supplemental Security

Income (SSI)

Program for the needy aged, blind, and disabled. Replaced the former federalstate programs of Old-Age Assistance, Aid to the Blind, and Aid to the

Permanently and Totally Disabled.

Surviving divorced father's

benefit (OASI)

See Father's benefit.

Surviving divorced mother's

benefit (OASI)

See Mother's benefit.

Surviving divorced spouse's

benefit (OASI)

See Widow/widower's benefit.

Survivors benefit (OASI) Benefit payable to a survivor of a deceased insured worker.

Suspended benefit (OASDI) A benefit not in current-payment status. 

Taxable earnings (OASDI and

Medicare)

Wages and/or self-employment income that is under the applicable annual

maximum taxable limit.

Taxable maximum (OASDI and

Medicare)

See Annual maximum taxable limit.

Taxable self-employment

income (OASDI and Medicare)

The maximum amount of net earnings from self-employment by an earner which,

when added to any taxable wages, does not exceed the contribution and benefit

base. For Hospital Insurance beginning in 1994, all net earnings from selfemployment.

Taxable wages (OASDI and

Medicare)

See Taxable earnings.

Taxes (OASDI and HI) See Contributions.

Temporary Assistance for

Needy Families

Created by the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunities Reconciliation Act

of 1996, TANF provides assistance and work opportunities to needy families.

Replaced Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC), Emergency Assistance, and Job Opportunities and Basic Skills Training (JOBS) programs.

Temporary Disability

Insurance

TDI, sometimes called cash sickness benefits, provides workers with partial

compensation for loss of wages caused by temporary nonoccupational disability.

Only five states, Puerto Rico, and the railroad industry have TDI laws.

Termination (OASDI) Cessation of payment of a specific type of benefit because the beneficiary is no

longer entitled to receive it. For example, benefits might terminate as a result of

the death of the beneficiary, the recovery of a disabled beneficiary, or the

attainment of age 18 by a child beneficiary. In some cases, the individual may

become immediately entitled to another type of benefit (such as the conversion of

a disabled-worker beneficiary at normal retirement age to a retired-worker

beneficiary).

Totalization (OASDI) International agreements that coordinate the U.S. social security programs with

the social security programs of other countries are called "totalization

agreements." These agreements have two purposes: (1) To eliminate dual social

security coverage and taxation, the situation that occurs when a person from one

country works in the other country and is required to pay social security taxes to

both countries for the same work; and (2) To avoid situations in which workers

having at least 6 U.S. quarters of coverage, lose benefit rights because they have
Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 371

divided their careers between two countries. Under an agreement, such workers

may qualify for partial U. S. or foreign benefits based on combined work credits

from both countries. See "International Agreements" in the section Social Security

(Old-Age, Survivors, and Disability Insurance).

Thrifty Food Plan (Food

Stamp Program)

A low-cost model diet plan based on the National Academy of Sciences'

Recommended Dietary Allowances. Households are issued a monthly allotment

of food stamps based on the Thrifty Food Plan. 

Trial work period (DI) Persons receiving Social Security disability benefits are generally entitled to a 9-

month trial work period (TWP) during which monthly benefits continue. If the

beneficiary's disability has ended after completion of the TWP, monthly benefits

are continued for an additional 3 months and then entitlement is terminated.

Effective January 1992, a disabled beneficiary would exhaust the TWP only if

services were performed in any 9 months within a period of 60 consecutive

months.

Trust fund (OASDI and

Medicare)

Four separate accounts in the U.S. Treasury in which are deposited the equivalent

of taxes received under the Federal Insurance Contributions Act, the SelfEmployment Contributions Act, contributions dealing with coverage of state and

local government employees, any sums received under the financial interchange

with the railroad retirement account, voluntary hospital and medical insurance

premiums, and transfers of federal general revenues. Funds not withdrawn for

current monthly or service benefits, the financial interchange, and administrative

expenses are invested in interest-bearing federal securities, as required by law. 

The interest earned is also deposited in the trust funds.

• Old-Age and Survivors Insurance (OASI). The trust fund used for paying

monthly benefits to retired-worker (old-age) beneficiaries and their spouses and

children and to survivors of insured workers.

• Disability Insurance (Dl). The trust fund used for paying monthly benefits to

disabled-worker beneficiaries and their spouses and children and for providing

rehabilitation services to the disabled.

• Hospital Insurance (HI). The trust fund used for paying part of the costs of

inpatient hospital services and related post-hospital care for aged and disabled

individuals who meet the eligibility requirements.

• Supplementary Medical Insurance (SMI). The trust fund used for paying part of

the costs of physicians' services, outpatient hospital services, and other related

medical and health services for voluntarily insured aged and disabled

individuals.

0

Unemployment Insurance A federal-state coordinated program that provides partial income replacement to

regularly employed members of the labor force who become involuntarily

unemployed. All 50 states, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, and the Virgin

Islands have unemployment insurance programs.

Veterans' benefits A variety of benefits and services to veterans and their dependents and survivors

that include, but are not limited to disability compensation, benefits for survivors,

health care benefits, and educational assistance and training.

Widowed father's benefit

(OASI)

See Father's benefit.

Widowed mother's benefit

(OASI)

See Mother's benefit.

Widow/widower's benefit

(OASDI)

Monthly benefit payable to a widow(er) or surviving divorced widow(er) of a

worker fully insured at the time of death, if he or she is (1) aged 60 or older or (2)

aged 50–59 and has been disabled throughout a waiting period of 5 consecutive

calendar months that began no later than 7 years after the month in which the
372 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

worker died or after the end of his or her entitlement to benefits as a widowed

mother or father. 0

A surviving divorced widow(er)'s marriage to a worker must have lasted 10 years

before the divorce became final. Effective for benefits payable after December

1983, benefits are continued for disabled widow(er)s and surviving divorced

widow(er)'s who remarry after the age of first eligibility for benefits. 0

Effective January 1991, benefits may be payable to a deemed widow(er),

including a divorced deemed widow(er). A deemed widow(er) is a person who

entered into an invalid ceremonial marriage in good faith. 

Wife's benefit (OASDI) A monthly benefit payable to a wife or divorced wife of a retired or disabled

worker. See Spouse's benefit.

Windfall Elimination

Provision—WEP (OASI and

DI)

A modified benefit formula for determining the primary insurance amount, which

estimates the windfall in benefits for individuals who have only minimal Social

Security coverage and will receive a pension based on years of work in

noncovered employment. The change was phased in for workers eligible for

retirement or Disability Insurance benefits and for a pension from noncovered

employment beginning in 1986; became fully effective in 1990. See table 2.A11.1

Withholding (OASDI) Suspension of benefit payments until the condition(s) causing deductions are

known to have ended. The suspension does not affect eligibility for Hospital

Insurance benefits.

Worker (OASDI) A person who has earnings creditable for Social Security purposes on the basis of

services for wages in covered employment or on the basis of income from

covered self-employment. Data on covered self-employment exclude selfemployed persons who had no self-employment income taxable or creditable

under Social Security because they had wages or salaries reaching the annual

taxable maximum reported for the same year.

Workers' compensation and

public disability benefit offset

(DI)

A requirement that reduces the benefits to a disabled worker and dependents if

the worker also receives workers’ compensation (WC) or other public disability

benefits (PDB). The reduction continues until the month the worker reaches age

65 or the month the WC/PDB payments stop, whichever comes first.
Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 373

Index to Tables

A

Accuracy rates (OASDI and SSI), 2F7

Actuarial reduction (OASDI) (see Reduction for early retirement 

(OASDI))

Administrative data, 2F1–2F11

Administrative expenses

Disability Insurance Trust Fund, 4A2, 4A3

Hospital Insurance Trust Fund, 8A1

Old-Age and Survivors Insurance Trust Fund, 4A1, 4A3

Supplementary Medical Insurance Trust Fund, 8A2

Administrative Law Judges (OASDI), workloads of, 2F8

Adult beneficiaries (OASDI), 5A16, 5L1

Age (OASDI), 3C5, 3C6 (see also specific types of OASDI benefits including: Children; Disabled widows and widowers; Disabled workers; Retired workers; Widowed mothers and 

fathers; Widows and widowers, nondisabled; Wives and husbands)

awards, 6A3–6A5, 6B1, 6B5, 6C2, 6C3, 6D3, 6D5, 6D7

benefit types and amounts, 5A16

Black Lung benefits, 9D3

centenarians, 5J5

Hispanic origin, 3C8

income, 3E3, 3E6

life table, 4C6

race, 3C7, 5A1, 5A3

sex, 3C8, 5A1, 5A3, 5A10, 5A16

state data, 5J3, 5J5

summary data, 5A1, 5A5, 5A10, 5A15, 5A16

Age (SSI) (see Supplemental Security Income)

Aged (SSI) (see Supplemental Security Income)

Agricultural employees (OASDI), 2A1

Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC), 9G1, 9G2

Aliens (SSI) (see Noncitizens (SSI))

Allowances (OASDI and SSI), 2F7

Appeals Council cases reviews (OASDI), 2F11

Applications (OASDI), 6C7

Automatic adjustment provisions (OASDI), 2A18

Average annual wage (OASDI), 2A8

Average indexed monthly earnings (OASDI), 2A10, 2A11, 2A18

Average monthly wage (OASDI), 2A10, 2A15–2A17, 2A20

Awards (OASDI)

age, 6A3–6A5, 6B1, 6B5, 6C2, 6C3, 6D3, 6D5, 6D7

applications, 6C7

children, 6A1, 6A3, 6D4, 6D5

conversion, 6A4

diagnostic group, 6C3

disabled workers, 6A1–6A6, 6C1–6C3, 6C7

initial, 6B1

lump-sum, 4A5, 6D9

primary insurance amount, 6A2

race, 6A3

retired workers, 6A1–6A6, 6B1, 6B3–6B5

sex, 6A2, 6A3

state data, 6A6

summary data, 6A1–6A5

widowed mothers and fathers, 6A1, 6A3, 6D6, 6D7

widows and widowers, 6A1–6A3, 6A5, 6D7, 6D8

wives, 6A3

wives and husbands, 6A1, 6A5, 6D1, 6D3

Awards (SSI)

adults, 7A8, 7B9, 7E2

age, 7A8, 7B9, 7E2

aged, 7A8, 7B9, 7E2

blind, 7A8, 7B9, 7E2

blind and disabled children, 7E2

disabled, 7A8, 7B9, 7E2

sex, 7E2

state data, 7B9

B

Bend points in benefit formula (OASDI), 2A11, 2A13, 2A18

Beneficiaries and payments, currently payable (OASDI)

age, 5A1, 5A3, 5A6, 5A10, 5A15, 5A16

assets, 3E3

concurrent, OASDI and SSI, 3C5, 3C6, 3C6.1

earnings, 3E3

foreign countries, 5J11

Hispanic origin, 3C8

income, 3E3, 3E6, 3E8

sources, 3E3

international agreements, eligibility based on, 5M1

living arrangements, 3E3, 3E6

race, 3C7, 5A1, 5A3, 5A6, 5A7

representative payment, 5L1

sex, 3C8, 5A1, 5A3, 5A7, 5A10, 5A14–5A16

state data, 5J1–5J6, 5J8–5J10, 5J12–5J14

summary data, 3C6.1, 3C7, 3C8, 5A1, 5A3–5A8, 5A10

type of benefit (see Children (OASDI); Disabled widows and 

widowers; Disabled workers; Parents; Retired workers; 

Special age-72 beneficiaries; Widowed mothers and fathers; 

Widows and widowers, nondisabled; Wives and husbands)

Benefit computations, (OASDI), 2A8–2A18
374 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Benefit rates (SSI), 2B1

Benefit types and levels (OASDI), qualifications and legal 

criteria for

beneficiary families, 2A26

children, 2A21, 2A22

disabled workers, 2A20

divorced beneficiaries, 2A21, 2A22

illustrative monthly benefits, 2A26

lump sum awards, 2A25

maximum and minimum, 2A27, 2A28

parents, 2A22

PIA, percent of, 2A20–2A22

retired workers, 2A20, 2A27, 2A28 

special age-72 beneficiaries, 2A24

survivors, 2A22, 2A23, 2A26

transitionally insured, 2A23

vocational rehabilitation services, 2A25

widowed mothers and fathers (OASDI), 2A22

widows and widowers, 2A22–2A24

wives and husbands, 2A21–2A24

Black Lung

benefits, 9D1–9D3

civil litigation, 2F10

hearing receipts, dispositions, claims pending, 2F9

Blind (SSI) (see Supplemental Security Income)

C

Centenarians (OASDI), 5J5

Children (AFDC) (see Aid to Families with Dependent Children)

Children (OASDI)

age, 5A1, 5A5, 5A10, 6D5

awards, 6A1, 6A3, 6D4, 6D5

beneficiary families, 5H1–5H4

benefit distributions, 5H3, 5H4

benefits paid

annual, 4A5, 4A6

monthly, 5A4, 5A16, 5A17, 5F4, 5J4, 5J14

benefits withheld, 6E4, 6E5

disabled aged 18 or older, 3C6.1, 5A1, 5A10, 5A16, 

5A17, 5C2, 5D4.1, 5E2, 5F4, 5F6, 5J14, 6D4

foreign countries, 5J11

of deceased workers, 5A1, 5F4, 5F6, 5F7, 6D4

of disabled workers, 5A1, 5E1, 5E2, 5F4, 6D4

of retired workers, 5A1, 5C1, 5C2, 5F4, 6D4

primary insurance amount, 5C1, 5E1, 5F7, 5H2

special minimum, 5A8

qualifications for benefits, 2A21, 2A22

race, 5A1, 5A6, 6A3

sex, 5A16

state data, 5J2, 5J4, 5J10, 5J14

students, aged 18–19, 5A1, 5C2, 5E2, 5F4, 5F6, 6D4

terminations, 6F1–6F3

under age 18, 5A1, 5C2, 5E2, 5F4, 5F6, 6D4

Children, blind or disabled (SSI) (see Supplemental Security 

Income)

Civil litigation (OASDI and SSI), 2F10

Civil Service (see Government workers)

Claims workloads (OASDI and SSI), 2F4–2F6

Clergy (see Religious personnel)

Clinical Laboratory Improvement Act (CLIA) facilities (see Medicare)

 

Computations, benefit (OASDI), 2A10–2A18

Concurrent beneficiaries (OASDI and SSI), 2F9, 2F10, 3C5, 3C6, 

3C6.1, 7D1, 7D2

Constant dollars (AFDC, OASDI, and SSI benefits), 3C4

Consumer Price Index (CPI), 2A18, 3C4, 3E1

Continuation of Medicaid coverage (1619b) (SSI), 7F3–7F5

Contribution rates (OASDI), 2A3, 2A5

Contributions (OASDI), 2A4, 4B10–4B12

Cost-of-living adjustments (OASDI and SSI), 2A11, 2A13, 2A14, 

2A18, 2A19, 2B1

Covered workers (OASDI)

age, 4B5, 4B6, 4B8

categories of, 2A1

coverage election or waiver, 2A1

legislation affecting, 2A1

median earnings, 4B3, 4B6

new entrants, 4B1

OASDHI contributions, 4B10–4B12

self-employed, 2A1, 4B2–4B4, 4B8–4B12

sex, 4B3–4B9

Social Security numbers issued, 4B1

state data, 4B10,4B12

taxable earnings, amount reported, 4B1–4B3, 4B5, 4B10–4B12

wage and salary, 4B2, 4B3, 4B7, 4B10–4B12

with earnings above maximum taxable, 4B7, 4B9

with earnings below maximum taxable, 4B4, 4B7, 4B9

Creditable earnings (OASDI) (see Taxable earnings (OASDI))

D

Death probability, 4C6

Delayed retirement credit (OASDI), 2A20, 2A22, 5B1–5B3

Denials (see Service delivery (OASDI and SSI))

Dependents and survivors (OASDI), 5F1–5F13

Diagnoses (OASDI), 5D4.1, 5D5, 5D6, 5J12, 5J13, 6C3

Diagnoses (SSI), 7F1, 7F2

Direct deposit (OASDI), 5K1
Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 375

Disability, definition of (OASDI), 2A7

Disability determinations (see Service delivery (OASDI and SSI))

Disability Insurance (OASDI), 2F5, 2F9, 2F10

Disability Insurance Trust Fund (OASDI) (see Trust Funds)

Disabled adult children (see Children (OASDI), disabled, aged 18 

or older)

Disabled beneficiaries (OASDI), 5A1, 5A16, 5A17, 5J14 (see also 

Children (OASDI); Disabled widows and widowers; Disabled 

workers)

 

Disabled children (OASDI) (see Children (OASDI), disabled, aged 

18 or older)

Disabled (SSI) (see Supplemental Security Income)

Disabled widows and widowers (OASDI)

age, 5A1, 5A5, 5A16, 6A3, 6D7

awards, 6A3, 6D7, 6D8

beneficiary families, 5H2, 5H4

benefit distributions, 5H4

benefits paid, monthly, 3C6.1, 5A16, 5A17, 5F8, 5J14

diagnostic group, 5D4.1

primary insurance amount, 5F7, 5H2

special minimum, 5A8

race, 5A1, 5A7, 6A3

sex, 5A1, 5A7, 5A16, 5F6, 6A3, 6D8

state data, 5J14

surviving divorced, 5A1

year of entitlement, 5F10

Disabled workers (OASDI)

age, 5A1, 5A3, 5A5, 5A10, 5A16, 5D4, 5D6, 6A3, 6A4, 6C2, 

6C3

applications, 6C7

awards, 6A1–6A5, 6C1–6C3, 6C7

beneficiary families, 5H1–5H3

benefit distributions, 5D2, 5H3, 5J8, 6C1

benefits paid

annual, 4A6

monthly, 3C6.1, 5A4, 5A16, 5A17, 5D3, 5J4, 5J14, 6A6

benefits withheld, 6E4, 6E5

diagnostic group, 5D4.1, 5D5, 5D6, 5J12, 5J13, 6C3

foreign countries, 5J11

primary insurance amount, 5E1, 5H2, 6A2

special minimum, 5A8

qualifications for benefits, 2A20

race, 5A1, 5A3, 5A6, 5A7, 6A3

sex, 5A1, 5A3, 5A7, 5A10, 5A16, 5D3, 5D5, 5E2, 6A2–6A4, 

6C3

state data, 5J2, 5J4, 5J8, 5J12–5J14, 6A6

terminations, 6F1, 6F2

with reduction for early retirement, 5A3, 6A5

year of entitlement, 5D1

Divorced beneficiaries (OASDI), 2A21, 2A22, 5A1, 5F12, 6D3, 

6D6, 6D7

Domestic employees (OASDI), 2A1

Dual entitlement (OASDI), 5A14, 5A15, 5G1–5G5

E

Early retirement (OASDI) (see Reduction for early retirement 

(OASDI))

Earnings of covered workers (OASDI) (see also Taxable earnings 

(OASDI))

amount of, 4B1–4B3, 4B7, 4B9, 4B10,4B12

below annual maximum taxable amount, 4B4, 4B7, 4B9

median, by age and sex of worker, 4B3, 4B6

self-employed workers, 4B2–4B4, 4B9–4B12

state data, 4B10,4B12

wage and salary workers, 4B2, 4B3, 4B7, 4B10–4B12

Earnings test (OASDI)

amount permitted without reduction in benefits, 2A29

automatic adjustment of, 2A18

beneficiaries affected, 6B1, 6E4, 6E5

Education

private, social welfare expenditures, 3A4

public, social welfare expenditures, 3A1, 3A3

Emergency assistance, 9G1, 9G2

Employees (OASDI) (see Offices and staff (OASDI))

End stage renal disease (Medicare), 8B5, 8C3

Energy Assistance (see Low-Income Home Energy Assistance 

Program)

Entitlement year (OASDI), 5B4, 5D1, 5F9, 5F10

Excess payments (see Service delivery (OASDI and SSI))

Expectation of life, 4C6

F

Fair Labor Standards Act, 3B3

Families, beneficiary (OASDI), 2A26, 3E6, 5H1–5H4

Family maximum benefit (OASDI), 2A13, 2A14, 2A17, 2A26

Fathers (see Widowed mothers and fathers (OASDI))

Federal employees (see Government workers)

FICA taxes (see Contribution rates (OASDI))

Financing (OASDI), 2A3–2A6

Food Stamps, 3A3, 9H1
376 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Foreign countries (OASDI), 5J1–5J11, 5K1, 5M1

G

General revenue appropriations (OASDI), 2A6

Government pension offset (OASDI), 2A22, 2A23, 6E4, 6E5

Government workers, 2A1, 3C3

Gross domestic product (GDP), 3A1, 3A3, 3A4

H

Health and medical programs, expenditures for, 3A1, 3A3, 3A4 

(see also Medicaid; Medicare)

Health insurance for the aged and disabled (see Medicare)

Hearing receipts, dispositions, claims pending (OASDI and SSI), 

2F9

Hearings and appeals (OASDI), 2F1, 2F8–2F11

Hispanic origin, 3C8

Historical data 

administrative data, 2F3,2F7

Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC), 9G1

Black Lung benefits, 9D1

Emergency assistance, 9G1

employment and earnings, 3B3

Food Stamps, 9H1

interprogram data, 3C3–3C5,3C6.1

LIHEAP, 9J1.1, 9J2.1, 9J3.1

Medicaid recipients, 8E1,8E2

Medicare

cost sharing and premium amounts, 2C1

enrollment, utilization and reimbursement, 8B1–8B5, 8B8–

8B12

participating facilities, 8C1

trust funds, 8A1,8A2

poverty data, 3E1,3E2,3E8

Social Security Acts, 2A1,2A2,2A6,2A7,2A10–2A18, 2A20– 

2A25,2A29,2A31,2B1

Social Security program (OASDI)

awards, 6A1,6A2,6B5,6C2,6C7,6D1,6D4,6D6,6D8,6D9

benefit increases, cumulative effects of, 2A19

coverage, financing, and insured status, 2A3,2A4

covered workers, 4B1–4B9,4B11

current-pay benefits

benefit families, 5H1

dependents and survivors, 5F1,5F4,5F6,5F8,5F12

disabled workers, 5D3,5D4,5E2

dual entitlement, 5G2

international agreements, 5M1

retired workers, 5B5,5B8,5C2

summary data, 5A4,5A14,5A17

earnings guidelines and SGA, 2A30

indexed earnings, 2A8,2A9

insured workers, 4C1,4C2,4C5

retired worker benefits, minimum and maximum, 2A27,2A28

terminations, 6F1

Trust Funds, 4A1–4A6

Supplemental Security Income (SSI)

1619a and 1619b, 7F3

noncitizens receiving, 7E6

summary data, 7A3–7A5,7A9

Veterans benefits, 9F1

Workers' compensation, 9B1

Home health agencies (Medicare), participating facilities, 8C1, 

8C3

Home health services

Medicaid, 8E1

Medicare, 8B1, 8B2, 8B9

Hospital Insurance (HI) (see Medicare)

Hospital Insurance Trust Fund (Medicare) (see Trust Funds)

Hospitals, expenditures for care

Medicaid, 8E1

Medicare, 8B1, 8B2, 8B8

Hospitals (Medicare), type of participating facility, 8C1, 8C2

Housing, social welfare expenditures for, 3A1, 3A3

Husbands (OASDI) (see Wives and husbands (OASDI))

I

Illustrative monthly benefits (OASDI), 2A26

Income

age, 3E3, 3E6

family, 3E3, 3E6, 3E8

personal, 4A4

poverty guidelines, 3E8

poverty thresholds, 3E1

race, 3E6

shares, 3E3, 3E6

sources, 3E3

Income tax treatment of OASDI benefits (OASDI), 2A31, 2A32, 

3C3, 4A1–4A3

Independent laboratories (Medicare), participating, 8B9, 8C1, 8C3

Indexing factors and indexed earnings (OASDI), 2A8, 2A9

Insured status provisions (OASDI), 2A7

Insured workers (OASDI)

age, 4C2, 4C5

fully insured, 4C1, 4C2, 4C5

insured for disability, 4C1, 4C2

monthly benefits for survivors of, 2A22

percent of population, 4C5

permanently insured, 4C1

sex, 4C2, 4C5
Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 377

Interfund borrowing, 2A6

Intermediate-care facilities for the mentally retarded (Medicaid), 

8E1

International agreements (OASDI), 5M1

K

Kidney disease (see End stage renal disease (Medicare))

L

Life expectancy, 4C6

Life insurance and death benefits, 3A4

Life table, 4C6

Litigation, civil (see Civil litigation (OASDI and SSI))

Living arrangements

aged population, 3E3, 3E4, 3E6

SSI recipients, 2B1, 7E5

Long-term disability benefits, 3A4

Low-Income Home Energy Assistance Program (LIHEAP), 9J1–

9J3.1

Lump-sum awards (OASDI), 2A25, 4A5, 6D9

M

Maximum benefit (OASDI), 2A13, 2A14, 2A17, 2A26–2A28

Maximum indexed earnings (OASDI), 2A9

Medicaid, 2C2, 3A3, 8E1, 8E2, 8H1 

continuation of coverage (1619b), 7F3–7F5

Medicare

aged enrollees, 2C1, 8B1, 8B3, 8B4, 8B9, 8B11

amounts reimbursed, 8B1, 8B2, 8B9

assignment rates, 8B10

bills approved, 8B9–8B11

buy-ins, 8B12

charges, 8B9

claims, 8B9–8B11

Clinical Laboratory Improvement Act (CLIA) facilities, 8C1,8C3

coinsurance, 2C1

contributions, 4B12

cost-sharing, 2C1

deductibles, 2C1

disabled enrollees, 2C1, 8B2, 8B3, 8B5, 8B9, 8B11

earnings of workers, 4B12

end stage renal disease facilities, 8B5, 8C3

enrollment, 8B1–8B5, 8B8–8B11

expenditures, 3A3, 8A1, 8A2

hearing receipts, dispositions, claims pending, 2F9

home health agencies and services, 8B1, 8B2, 8B9, 8C1, 8C3

hospital charges, 8B8,8B9

hospital insurance, 2C1, 8A1, 8B1–8B5, 8B8,8B8.1, 8C1–8C3

hospitals (type of participating facility), 8B2, 8B8,8B8.1, 8C1–

8C3

independent laboratories, 8B9, 8C1, 8C3

outpatient services, 8B1, 8B2, 8B9

participating facilities, 8C1–8C3

persons served, 8B1, 8B2

physicians' services, 8B1, 8B2, 8B9–8B11

premiums, 2C1, 8A1, 8A2

race, 8B4, 8B5

reasonable charges, 8B11

reimbursements, 8B1–8B11

sex, 8B4, 8B5

short-stay hospitals, 8B8,8B8.1

skilled nursing facilities and services, 8B8, 8C1, 8C3

state data, 4B12, 8B3, 8B8, 8B8.1, 8B12, 8C2, 8C3

Supplementary Medical Insurance, 2C1, 8A2, 8B1, 8B2, 8B4, 

8B5, 8B9–8B12, 8C1, 8C3

trust funds, 8A1, 8A2

utilization, 8B1–8B5, 8B8–8B11

workers, 4B12

Military personnel (see Uniformed services)

Minimum benefit (OASDI), 2A11, 2A17, 2A27, 2A28

Minimum wage, 2A26, 3B3

Minor children (OASDI) (see Children (OASDI), under age 18)

Mortality table (see Life table)

Mothers (OASDI) (see Widowed mothers and fathers (OASDI))

N

Noncitizens (SSI), 7E6

Nondisabled widows and widowers (OASDI) (see Widows and 

widowers, nondisabled (OASDI))

Nonprofit organizations, 2A1

Nursing facilities (Medicaid), expenditures for care, 8E1

O

Offices (SSA) and employees (SSA) (OASDI), 2F1–2F3

data operations centers, 2F1

field services locations, 2F1

hearings and appeals, 2F1

program service centers, 2F1

regional offices, 2F1

staff, 2F2, 2F3

demographic characteristics of, 2F2

employees with disabilities, 2F2

grade levels of, 2F2

size of, 2F3

work years, total, 2F3
378 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Old-Age and Survivors Insurance Trust Fund (OASDI) 

(see Trust Funds)

Old-Age Assistance, 3C4

Old-Age, Survivors, and Disability Insurance (OASDI) 

(see entries identified by (OASDI))

Outpatient services (Medicare and Medicaid), 8B1, 8B2, 8B9, 8E1

P

Parents (OASDI), 2A22, 4A5, 5A1, 5A4–5A7, 5A10, 5F6, 5F7, 

5G3, 5H2, 6A1, 6E4

Pension offset, noncovered government, 2A22, 2A23, 6E4, 6E5

Pensions

private, 3A4

public employee, 3A3, 3C3

Period of disability, 2A7

Physicians' services (Medicaid), 8E1

Physicians' services (Medicare), 8B1, 8B2, 8B9–8B11

Population in Social Security area, 4C5

Poverty data

age, 3E2

aged families, 3E3, 3E6

aged 65 or older, 3E1, 3E4

CPI, annual average, 3E1

family size, 3E8

family status, 3E2

living arrangements, 3E4, 3E6

nonaged family units, 3E3

poverty guidelines, 3E8

poverty thresholds, 3E1

race, 3E6

sex, 3E2, 3E4

shares of money income, sources of, 3E3

Social Security share of money income, 3E6

Primary insurance amount (OASDI) (see also specific types of 

OASDI benefits including: Children; Disabled widows and 

widowers; Disabled workers; Parents; Retired workers; Widowed mothers and fathers; Widows and widowers, nondisabled; Wives and husbands)

average indexed monthly earnings, 2A10, 2A11

average monthly wage, 2A10, 2A15–2A17

benefit increases, effects of, 2A11, 2A13–2A19

formulas for computing, 2A11, 2A12, 2A15–2A19

illustrative amounts, 2A26

indexing factors and indexed earnings, 2A8, 2A9

maximum indexed earnings, 2A9

minimum and maximum benefit, 2A11, 2A13, 2A14, 2A17, 

2A26–2A28

percent of for benefit types, 2A20–2A22

relationship to earnings levels, 2A26

special minimum, 2A12, 5A8

Windfall Elimination Provision (WEP), computation based on, 

2A11.1

Private social welfare expenditures, 3A4

Prouty beneficiaries (OASDI) (see Special age-72 beneficiaries 

(OASDI))

Provisions, history of

Medicaid, 2C2

Medicare, 2C1

OASDI, 2A1–2A32

SSI, 2B1

Public assistance (see Aid to Families with Dependent Children; 

Public social welfare expenditures)

Public social welfare expenditures, 3A1, 3A3, 3C3

Q

Quarters of coverage (OASDI), 2A7, 2A18

R

Race (OASDI) (see also specific types of OASDI benefits including: Children; Disabled widows and widowers; Disabled workers; Retired workers; Widowed mothers and fathers; Widows 

and widowers, nondisabled; Wives and husbands)

age, 5A1, 5A3, 6A3

Medicare, 8B4, 8B5

poverty status of aged families, 3E6

sex, 5A1, 5A3, 5A7, 6A3

state data, 5J5.1

summary data, 3C7, 5A1, 5A6, 5A7, 6A3

Race (SSI), 3C7

Railroad Retirement program

social welfare expenditures for, 3A3

source of funds for, 3C3

trust fund transfers to and from, 4A1–4A3, 8A1

Railroad temporary disability insurance program, 3A3, 9C1

Railroad unemployment insurance program, 3A3

Reconsiderations (OASDI and SSI), 2F7

Reduction for early retirement (OASDI)

age, 5A3, 5B1, 5B2, 6A5

benefit amounts, illustrative, 2A26

disabled workers, 5A3, 6A5

minimum and maximum benefit, 2A27

race, 5A3, 5A7

retired workers

dually entitled, 5G1

with benefits withheld, 6B1, 6E1

with delayed retirement credit, 5B1, 5B3

with reduction, 5A3, 5B6–5B8, 5G1, 5H2, 6A5, 6B3, 6B4,

6E1
Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 379

without delayed retirement credit, 5B2, 5B3

without reduction, 5B1, 5B2, 5B6–5B8, 5G1, 5H2, 6B3, 6B4,

6E1

sex, 5A3, 5A7, 5B1, 5B2, 5B6–5B8, 5G1, 6A5, 6B3, 6B4

widows, nondisabled, 5A3, 6A5

wives and husbands, 5A3, 5A7, 6A5

Religious personnel, 2A1

Representative payment (OASDI), 5L1

Representative payment (SSI), 7E4

Retired workers (OASDI)

age, 5A1, 5A3, 5A5, 5A10, 5A15, 5A16, 5B5, 5B9, 6A4, 6A5, 

6B5

awards, 6A1–6A5, 6B1, 6B3–6B5

beneficiary families, 5H1–5H3

benefit distributions, 5B6, 5B7, 5B9, 5J6, 6B3, 6B4, 5H3

benefits in current and constant dollars, 3C4

benefits paid

annual, 4A5

monthly, 5A4, 5A16, 5J4, 6A6

benefits withheld, 6E1, 6E4

benefits withheld due to earnings, 6B1

computation of benefits, worksheet for (see the subsection 

"Computing a Retired-Worker Benefit" in the "Social Security: 

History of Provisions" section.)

disability conversions, 6A4

foreign countries, 5J11

newly entitled, 6A4

primary insurance amount, 5B1, 5B2, 5B7, 5C1, 5G1, 5H1, 6A2, 

6B1, 6B4

special minimum, 5A8

qualifications for benefits, 2A20

race, 5A1, 5A3, 5A6, 5A7, 6A3

sex, 5A1, 5A3, 5A7, 5A10, 5A15, 5A16, 5B6–5B9, 5C2, 6A2–

6A5, 6B1, 6B3–6B5, 6E4

state data, 5J2, 5J4, 5J6, 6A6

terminations, 6F1, 6F2

with delayed retirement credit, 5B1–5B3

with dual entitlement, 5G1–5G5

with reduction for early retirement, 5A3, 5B6–5B8, 5G1, 5H2, 

6B1, 6B3, 6B4, 6E1

without reduction for early retirement, 5B1, 5B2, 5B6–5B8, 5G1, 

5H2, 6B1, 6B3, 6B4, 6E1

year of entitlement, 5B4

Retirement programs (see Pensions; Railroad Retirement program; Retired workers (OASDI))

Retirement test (see Earings test (OASDI)

S

SECA taxes (see Contribution rates (OASDI))

Section 1619a (see Special SSI cash payments (1619a) (SSI))

Section 1619b (see Continuation of Medicaid coverage (1619b) 

(SSI))

Self-employed workers (see also Covered workers (OASDI); 

Earnings of covered workers (OASDI))

age, 4B8

contribution rates, 2A3

earnings, 4B2–4B4, 4B9–4B12

maximum annual amount of contributions, 2A4

maximum taxable earnings, 2A3

Medicare, 4B12

OASDHI contributions, 2A4, 2A5, 4B10, 4B11

sex, 4B3, 4B4, 4B9

state data, 4B10, 4B12

tax credits, 2A5, 2A6

taxable earnings, amount reported, 4B2, 4B10–4B12

with earnings above maximum taxable, 4B9

with earnings below maximum taxable, 4B4, 4B9

Service delivery (OASDI and SSI)

accuracy rates, payment, 2F7

allowances, 2F7

denials, 2F7

disability determinations, 2F7

800 number (1-800-772-1213)

average waiting time, 2F7

calls received, 2F7

excess payments, 2F7

OASI payments, 2F7

reconsiderations, 2F7

reversals of denials, 2F7

SSI payments, 2F7

underpayments, 2F7

Sex (OASDI) (see also specific types of OASDI benefits including: 

Children; Disabled widows and widowers; Disabled workers; 

Retired workers; Widowed mothers and fathers; Widows and 

widowers, nondisabled; Wives and husbands)

age, 3C8, 5A1, 5A10, 5A15, 5A16, 6A3

life table, 4C6

race, 3C7, 5A1, 5A7, 6A3

state data, 5J5.1

summary data, 5A1, 5A7, 5A16, 6A3

Sex (SSI) (see Supplemental Security Income)

Short-term sickness and disability benefits, 3A4, 9C1

Skilled nursing facilities (Medicare)

expenditures for care, 8B1, 8B2, 8B8

participating facilities, 8C1, 8C3

Social insurance programs, summary data, 3C3

Social Security Act, 2A1, 2A2, 2A6, 2A7, 2A10–2A18, 2A20–

2A25, 2A29, 2A31, 2B1

Social Security program (see Entries identified by (OASDI))

Social welfare expenditures, 3A1, 3A3, 3A4, 3C3 

Special age-72 beneficiaries (OASDI), 2A24, 4A5, 5A1, 5A4–5A7, 

5A10, 5H2, 5K1, 5L1, 6A1, 6E4, 6F1, 6F2
380 Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001

Special minimum primary insurance amount (OASDI), 2A12, 5A8

Special SSI cash payments (1619a) (SSI), 7F3–7F5

Spouses (OASDI) (see Wives and husbands (OASDI))

Staff (OASDI) (see Offices (SSA) and employees (SSA) (OASDI))

State and local government pensions (see Government workers)

State data

Aid to Families with Dependent Children, 9G1, 9G2

Black Lung benefits, 9D2

Low-Income Home Energy Assistance, 9J1, 9J2, 9J3

Medicaid, 2C2, 8H1

Medicare, 4B12, 8B3, 8B8, 8B8.1, 8B12, 8C2, 8C3

OASDI

beneficiaries, 3C5, 5J1–5J6, 5J8–5J10, 5J14, 6A6

concurrent receipt with SSI, 3C5, 7D2

covered workers, 4B10, 4B12

diagnoses, 5J12, 5J13

monthly benefits of disabled beneficiaries, 5J14

taxable earnings, 4B10, 4B12

SSI

concurrent receipt with OASDI, 3C5, 7D2

Medicaid, 2C2

recipients, 3C5, 7B1–7B3, 7B7–7B9, 7D2, 7F5

Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF), 9G2

Unemployment Insurance, 9A2

Workers' compensation, 9B1–9B3

State Supplementation (see Supplemental Security Income (SSI))

Students (OASDI) (see Children (OASDI))

Substantial gainful activity, 2A30

Supplemental Security Income (SSI)

adults, 7C1, 7E2, 7E3

age, 3C7, 3C8, 7A1, 7A8, 7A9, 7B9, 7D1, 7D2, 7E2–7E5, 7F1, 

7F2, 7F4

aged, 3C5, 7A1–7A5, 7A8, 7A9, 7B1, 7B2, 7B9, 7C1, 7C2, 7D1, 

7D2, 7E2–7E5

awards, 7A8, 7B9, 7E2

benefit rates, 2B1

benefits in current and constant dollars, 3C4

blind, 7A1–7A5, 7A8, 7A9, 7B1, 7B2, 7B8, 7B9, 7C1, 7C2, 7D1, 

7D2, 7E2–7E5, 7F1

blind and disabled adults, 3C6.1, 7C1, 7F1, 7F2

blind and disabled children, 3C6.1, 7A2, 7B8, 7C1, 7E2–7E4, 

7F1, 7F2

civil litigation, 2F10

claims workloads, 2F6

concurrent SSI and OASDI, 3C5, 3C6, 3C6.1, 7D1, 7D2

continuation of Medicaid coverage (1619b) (SSI), 7F3–7F5

couples, 7A2, 7C2

diagnostic group, 7F1, 7F2

disabled, 3C6.1, 7A1–7A5, 7A8, 7A9, 7B1, 7B2, 7B9, 7C1, 7C2, 

7D1, 7D2, 7E2–7E5, 7F1

earnings, 7D1, 7F4 

800 number (1-800-772-1213)

average waiting time, 2F7

calls received, 2F7

federal SSI payments, 7A1–7A5, 7B3, 7B7

federally administered payments, 3C6.1, 7A1–7A5, 7A8, 7A9, 

7B1, 7B3, 7B7

hearing receipts, dispositions, claims pending, 2F9

Hispanic origin, 3C8

income, 7D1

living arrangements, 7E5

noncitizens, 7E6

OASDI (received concurrently with SSI), 3C5, 3C6, 7D1, 7D2

payment distributions, 7C1, 7C2

payments in current and constant dollars, 3C4

race, 3C7

representative payment, 7E4

service delivery, 2F7

sex, 3C7, 3C8, 7E2, 7E3, 7F2

special SSI cash payments (1619a), 7F3–7F5

state data, 3C5, 7B1–7B3, 7B7–7B9, 7D2, 7F5

state supplementation, 7A1–7A5, 7B2, 7B3, 7B7

unearned income, 7D1, 7F4

Supplementary Medical Insurance (SMI) (see Medicare)

Supplementary Medical Insurance (SMI) Trust Fund (see Trust 

Funds)

Survivor benefits (OASDI) (see Children (OASDI); Dependents 

and survivors; Disabled widows and widowers; Parents; Widowed mothers and fathers; Widows and widowers; Widows 

and widowers, nondisabled)

T

Tax credits (OASDI), 2A5, 2A6, 3C3

Taxable earnings (OASDI), 2A3, 2A4, 2A8, 2A9, 2A18, 2A26, 

4B1, 4B2, 4B10–4B12 (see also Earnings of covered workers 

(OASDI))

Taxable maximum (OASDI), 2A3, 2A4, 2A8, 2A9, 2A18, 2A26, 

4B4, 4B7, 4B9 (see also Covered workers (OASDI))

Taxation of OASDI benefits, 2A31, 2A32, 3C3, 4A1–4A3

Taxes (OASDI and HI)

amounts, 4A1–4A3, 4B10–4B12

rates, 2A3, 2A4

state amounts, 4B10, 4B12

Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF), 3C4, 9G1, 9G2

Temporary disability insurance, 3A3, 9C1

Termination of benefits (OASDI), 6F1–6F3

Time-series data (see Historical data)

Totalization (OASDI), 5M1

Transitionally insured (OASDI), 2A23
Social Security Bulletin • Annual Statistical Supplement • 2001 381

Trust Funds

Disability Insurance, 3C3, 4A2–4A4, 4A6, 5A4

Hospital Insurance, 3C3, 4A4, 8A1

Old-Age and Survivors Insurance, 3C3, 4A1, 4A3–4A5, 5A4

Supplementary Medical Insurance, 3C3, 4A4, 8A2

U

Underpayments (OASDI and SSI), 2F7

Unemployment Insurance, 3A3, 9A2

Uniformed services, 2A1, 2A2

V

Veterans' programs, 3A1, 3A3, 9F1

Vocational rehabilitation services, 2A25

W

Wage and salary workers (OASDI) (see Covered workers 

(OASDI); Earnings of covered workers (OASDI))

Wage credits (OASDI), 2A1, 2A2, 2A6

Widowed mothers and fathers (OASDI)

age, 5A1, 5A5, 5A16, 6A3, 6D7

awards, 6A1, 6A3, 6D6, 6D7

beneficiary families, 5H1–5H2, 5H4

benefit distributions, 5H3

benefits in current and constant dollars, 3C4

benefits paid

annual, 4A5

monthly, 5A4, 5A16, 5F6

benefits withheld, 6E4

entitlement based on disabled child, 5F12, 6D6

primary insurance amount, 5F7, 5H2

special minimum, 5A8

qualifications for benefits, 2A22

race, 5A1, 5A6, 5A7

sex, 5A1, 5A7, 5A16

surviving divorced, 5A1, 5F12, 6D6, 6D7

terminations, 6F1, 6F2

Widows and widowers (OASDI)

benefits paid

annual, 4A5, 4A6

monthly, 5A4, 5A16, 5A17, 5F1

benefits withheld, 6E4

foreign countries, 5J11

qualifications for benefits, 2A22, 2A23

state data, 5J2, 5J4

terminations, 6F1, 6F2

 Widows and widowers, disabled (see Disabled widows and widowers (OASDI))

Widows and widowers, nondisabled (OASDI)

age, 5A1, 5A3, 5A5, 5A10, 5A15, 5A16, 5F11, 5F13, 6A3, 6D7

awards, 6A2, 6A3, 6D7, 6D8

beneficiary families, 5H1, 5H2, 5H4

benefit distributions, 5F11, 5H4, 5J9

benefits paid, monthly, 5A16, 5A17, 5F8, 5F13

dually entitled, 5A14, 5A15, 5G2–5G5

limitation of benefit, 5F13

primary insurance amount, 5F7, 5H2

special minimum, 5A8

qualifications for benefits, 2A22, 2A23

race, 5A1, 5A3, 5A6, 5A7, 6A3

sex, 5A1, 5A3, 5A7, 5A10, 5A16, 5F6, 5F8, 5F11, 6A3, 6D7

state data, 5J9

surviving divorced, 5A1

with reduction for early retirement, 5A3, 5F13, 6A5

without reduction for early retirement, 5F13

year of entitlement, 5F9

Windfall elimination provision (WEP), 2A11.1

Withheld benefits (OASDI)

by reason and type of benefit, 6E4, 6E5

of retired workers, 6E1

Wives and husbands (OASDI)

age, 5A1, 5A3, 5A5, 5A10, 5A15, 5A16, 6A3, 6A5, 6D3

awards, 6A1, 6A3, 6A5, 6D1, 6D3

beneficiary families, 5H1–5H3

benefit distributions, 5F3, 5H3

benefits paid

annual, 4A5, 4A6

monthly, 5A4, 5A16, 5F1

benefits withheld, 6E4, 6E5

divorced, 5A1, 6D3

dually entitled, 5A14, 5A15, 5G2–5G5

entitlement based on age, 5A7, 5C2, 5F1, 5F3, 6A3, 6D1, 6D3

entitlement based on care of children, 5A7, 5C2, 5F1, 6A3, 6D1, 

6D3

foreign countries, 5J11

of disabled workers, 5A1, 5A5–5A7, 5A16, 5C1, 5F1, 6A1, 6A3, 

6A5, 6D1, 6D3

of retired workers, 5A1, 5A5–5A7, 5A16, 5C1, 5F1, 6A1, 6A3, 

6A5, 6D1, 6D3

primary insurance amount, 5C1, 5H1

special minimum, 5A8

qualifications for benefits, 2A21, 2A23

race, 5A1, 5A3, 5A6, 5A7, 6A3

sex, 5A1, 5A3, 5A7, 5A10, 5A16, 5C2, 6A3, 6D1

state data, 5J2, 5J4

terminations, 6F1–6F3

with entitlement based on disabled child, 5A7, 5F1

with reduction for early retirement, 5A3, 5A7, 6A5

Workloads (OASDI and SSI), 2F4–2F6, 2F8

Workers' compensation, 3A3, 9B1–9B3

Workers' compensation offset, 6E4, 6E5