MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET

Distillates (lignocellulosic) C5‐40 For Research and Development Purposes Only

Section 1:  Chemical Product and Company Identification

Chemical Name: Bio‐oil

Synonyms:      Pyrolysis Oil

Formula:    Mixture

Manufacturer: KiOR Inc.                                                            

    13001 Bay Park Road

    Pasadena, TX 77507

    (281) 694‐8700

Emergency:    (281) 694‐8700

    (281) 217‐3866

Section 2: Composition/Information on Ingredients

Component Chemical Name    CAS Number    ~Concentration (Wt%)

Bio‐Oil         1267611‐99‐3     100%

Polynuclear Aromatic  HCs    Mixture                               <5

Toluene       108‐88‐3     <20

Xylenes         Total (meta & para)    <2

Naphthalenes       Total (standard & methyl) <20

Indans, Indenes     Total (Indan, Indene)    <10

Others         N/A       <20

Oxygenates       Total       <20

Section 3:  Hazards Identification

Potential Acute Health Hazards: Acute exposure to this material may result in irritation to

the skin, eyes and respiratory system.  Ingestion will also

result in gastro‐intestinal tract irritation.  It is also possible

for an acute exposure to result in a sensitization response.  
Inhalation of large quantities may also result in central

nervous system depression.     

Potential Chronic Health Hazards: Repeated skin exposure can lead to de‐oiling of the skin

and resulting dermatitis.  Some sources have suggested

that some of the aromatic solvents (xylene & toluene) may

be implicated in reproductive effects.  Although the slight

amount of benzene that this oil may contain is not

expected to be a problem, benzene and PNAs are classified

as a carcinogens.   

Section 4: First Aid Measures

Eye Contact:       Immediately flush eyes with large amounts of water (preferably in an eye wash

facility).  Flush the eyes for at least 15 minutes.  A medical evaluation should be

obtained as soon as possible.

Skin Contact: Should skin contact occur, immediately flush the skin with large amounts of

water (preferably in a safety shower facility) for at least 15 minutes.  It may be

necessary to wash with soap and thoroughly rinse.  Any contaminated clothing

should be removed.  A local evaluation of the exposed individual’s condition

should be made by a trained person.  Medical attention should be obtained if

necessary.

Inhalation:   Because of the characteristics of this material, inhalation is not thought to be a

major route of exposure.  However, inhalation is possible.  Should a serious

case of inhalation occur, the victim should immediately be removed from the

area of the exposure.  If the victim is not breathing, give artificial respiration.  If

breathing is difficult, give oxygen.  Get the victim to medical attention

immediately.

Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting!  Get medical attention immediately.

Section 5: Fire Fighting Measures

Flammability: Flammable.  Keep away from ignition sources and take precautions to prevent

a static discharge.  Vapors may travel along the ground for some distances or

be moved by ventilation and ignited by ignition sources at locations distant

from the location of the material handling.  Flash‐backs can occur at any point

along the vapor trail.

Flash Point:         90‐110°F   

Auto‐Ignition Temperature:    Complex mixture

Flammability Limits in Air: Not available
Suitable Extinguishing Media: For small fires, a Class B extinguishing media (such as dry

chemical, CO2, or AFFF/ATC foam) or water spray may be used.  

For larger fires, water spray, water fog, AFFF/ATC foam or a

combination of these should be used.  Personnel engaged in fire

fighting should be properly trained and equipped with the

proper PPE.

NFPA Rating: Health = 3

Flammability = 3

Reactivity = 0

Section 6:  Accidental Release Measures

Protective Measures:     If a spill is large, consider evacuating personnel present in the area.  

Eliminate all ignition sources in the vicinity of the spill.  To minimize

the area of the spill, plug all drains in the area of the spill.  Stop the

source of the release if possible without risks to the responders.  

Contain the release to prevent further contamination of soil, surface

water and ground water.  Wear the proper personal protective

equipment while engaged in a spill response.  Cover the contaminated

area with an inert absorbent material such as vermiculite or a

commercially available absorbing material.  Place the used absorbent

material in a suitable container for disposal in a manner consistent

with applicable regulations.

Section 7:  Handling and Storage

Precautions: Keep in a tightly closed container.  Ground/bond all equipment

containing the material or the equipment that this oil is being used in.  

Do not ingest the material or breathe the vapor or sprays of the

material.  Avoid contact with the skin or eyes.  Wear the appropriate

personal protective equipment when handling this equipment.  Treat

empty vessels the same as full ones.  Empty vessels that have

contained this oil, because of residual material in them, could have a

flammable atmosphere in them.

Storage: Keep in a tightly closed container.  Store in a cool, dry, well ventilated

area that is away from ignition sources.  Do not store in direct sunlight

or near other sources of heat.  Do not store near incompatible

materials such as oxidizers.  Store containers in a manner that they

cannot suffer physical damage.   

Section 8:  Exposure Control/Personal Protection
Engineering Controls:     Use process enclosures, local exhaust ventilation or other engineering

controls to keep airborne contamination levels down.  If user

operations generate vapors, use ventilation to keep exposures at a

level to where they are not a health hazard or where a flammable

atmosphere may exist.  In operations such as these, the use of

hazardous classified equipment should be considered.

Respiratory Protection: Where vapors are present and engineering controls have been

unsuccessful or not available, use NIOSH approved respiratory

protection to mitigate potential respiratory exposures.   

Eye Protection: For general work, use a minimum of safety glasses with side shields.  

Where a spray, mist or heavy vapor may exist, use chemical safety

goggles.  Although face shields can be used to supplement the level of

protection, they should never be used instead of primary eye

protection.

Skin Protection: Wear impervious protective clothing, including boots, gloves, apron or

coveralls, as appropriate, to prevent skin contact.

Exposure Limits: None established

Section 9:  Physical and Chemical Properties

Appearance: Dark orange to green liquid

Substance Type: Complex mixture

Odor: Slightly aromatic petroleum odor

Molecular Weight: Not determined

pH: Not determined

Water Content: <5%

Vapor Pressure: 1.8 – 3.0 psi.

Flash Point: 90‐110°F

Solubility: <10% in water

Section 10:  Stability and Reactivity

Stability: The material is stable at normal conditions (70° F and 760mm

pressure).

Hazardous   
Polymerization: Will not occur.

Decomposition  

Products: Incomplete combustion products are carbon monoxide, carbon

dioxide, aromatics and other hydrocarbons.

Materials to Avoid: Strong oxidizers

Conditions to Avoid: Excessive heat, sources of ignition and open flames.

Section 11:  Toxicological Information

Hydrotreated Bio‐oil: The toxicological properties of this mixture have not been fully

determined.  It is expected to be corrosive to all tissues.  

Section 12:  Ecological Information

Eco‐toxicity:          Not available.

BOD5:       Not available.

Products of Biodegradation:     Not available.   

Toxicity of Products of Biodegradation: Not available.

Section 13:  Disposal Considerations

Waste Disposal: Waste must be disposed of in accordance with federal, state and local

environmental control regulations.

Section 14:  Transportation Information

DOT Proper Shipping Name:    Flammable Liquids, CORROSIVE, N.O.S. (wood distillate)

Identification:     UN2924

Hazard Class:     3

Packing Group:     III

Special Provisions for Transport:   Not Available

Section 15:  Other Regulatory Information

Federal and State: Not available
Other: Not available.

Section 16:  Other Information

References:    Not available.

Other Considerations:    Not available.

Date Created:    07 April 2011

    

    

    

                                                                                        

    

The above information is believed to be correct, but does not purport to be all inclusive and shall be

used only as a guide.  The information in this document is based on the present state of our

knowledge and is applicable to the product with regard to appropriate safety precautions.  It does

not represent any guarantee of the properties of the product.  KiOR, Inc. shall not be held liable for

any damage resulting from handling or from contact with the above product.