# BART Exemption Modeling Report:

Georgia Power Company Plant Wansley

Prepared by:

Southern Company Services and ENSR Corporation for Georgia Power Company

September 2006September 2006 

### i 091506 Wansley BART Modeling Report.doc 

# Contents

1.0 Introduction...................................

................................................... ................................................... ...... 1-1

1.1 Objectives .........................................

................................................... ............................................ 1-1

1.2 Location of source vs. relevant Class I Areas ......

................................................... ....................... 1-1

2.0 Source description and emissions data ..........

................................................... .................................. 2-1

2.1 Unit-specific source data..........................

................................................... .................................... 2-1

3.0 Modeling results...............................

................................................... ................................................... .. 3-1

Appendix A Delta-Deciview Values for The Top 20 Day s – For Each Year/Each Class I Area and for the Top 25 Days – Over Three Years......

................................................... ............A-1September 2006 

### ii 091506 Wansley BART Modeling Report.doc 

# List of Tables

Table 2-1 Plant Wansley modeling emission parameters .........

................................................... ........... 2-3

Table 3-1 Summary of Results – Plant Wansley Refin ed BART Exemption Modeling ......................... 3-1



# List of Figures

Figure 1-1 Location of PSD Class I Areas in relation to Plant Wansley............................................ ....... 1-2September 2006 1-1 091506 Wansley BART Modeling Report.doc 

# 1.0 Introduction

1.1 Objectives

The Regional Haze Rule requires Best Available Retr ofit Technology (BART) for any BART-eligible source that ‘‘emits any air pollutant which may reasonably be a nticipated to cause or contribute to any impairment of visibility” in any mandatory Class I federal area. Pursuant to federal regulations, states have the o ption of exempting a BART-eligible source from the BART requ irements based on dispersion modeling demonstrating that the source cannot reasonably be anticipated to cause or contribute to visibility impairment in a Class I area. In addition, the Environmental Protection Ag ency (EPA) has promulgated a rule allowing states s ubject to the Clean Air Interstate Rule (CAIR) to determin e that CAIR satisfies the BART requirements for SO 2 

### and NO x 

### for electric generating units (EGUs). Feedback fr om the Georgia Environmental Protection Division indicates that CAIR satisfies BART for SO 2 

### and NO x 

### for EGUs. Therefore, this modeling report focuses on performing the BART modeling analysis for particula te matter (PM) only.

Units 1 and 2 at Plant Wansley, located near Roopvi lle, which is operated by Georgia Power Company, ha s been identified as a BART-eligible source. The mod eling procedures outlined in the source-specific BA RT modeling protocol for Plant Wansley were used to de termine whether the source is subject to BART requirements (exemption modeling). The modeling pr ocedures are consistent with those outlined in the updated final VISTAS common BART modeling protocol (dated December 22, 2005, revision 3 – July 18, 2006), available at http://www.vistas-sesarm.org/BART/BARTModelingProto col_rev3_18Jul2006.pdf . This source-specific BART modeling protocol references r elevant portions of the common VISTAS modeling protocol.



## 1.2 Location of source vs. relevant Class I Areas

The Georgia Environmental Protection Division, whic h is in charge of the state’s BART program, has determined that Units 1 and 2 at Plant Wansley are BART-eligible for PM. Figure 1-1 shows a plot of P lant Wansley relative to nearby Class I Areas. There ar e five Class I areas within 300 km of the plant: Co hutta (163.8 km), Great Smoky Mountains (250.9 km), Joyce Kilmer (237.5 km), Shining Rock (289.9 km), and Sipsey (235.3 km). The BART exemption modeling was conducted for these Class I areas in accordance wi th the referenced VISTAS common BART modeling protocol and the procedures described in the source-specifi c BART modeling protocol.September 2006 1-2 091506 Wansley BART Modeling Report.doc 

### Figure 1-1 Location of Class I Areas in Relation to Plant WansleySeptember 2006 2-1 091506 Wansley BART Modeling Report.doc 

# 2.0 Source description and emissions data

2.1 Unit-specific source data

The emissions data used to assess the visibility im pacts at the Class I areas within 300 km of Plant W ansley are discussed in this section. The Georgia Environ mental Protection Division has indicated that CAIR will satisfy BART for EGUs for SO 2 

### and NO x 

### . Therefore, this BART exemption modeling analysis focuses only on PM 10 

### . Since various components of PM 10 

### emissions have different visibility extinction eff iciencies, the PM 10 

### emissions are divided, or “speciated,” into several components (VISTAS common protocol Sections 4.3.3 and 4.4.2). The VISTAS protocol (Section 5.) allows fo r the use of source-specific emissions and speciati on factors and/or default values from AP-42. The PM 10 

### emissions and speciation approach that were used f or the modeling is indicated below. Where default speciat ion values are used, the data represents a unit whe re current (baseline) emission controls include electr ostatic precipitators (ESPs) and selective catalyti c reduction (SCR) systems, but no post-combustion SO 2 

### control equipment exists.

• Total PM 10 

### is comprised of filterable and condensable emissio ns.

• Baseline filterable PM 10 

### emissions are based on the highest stack test for t he most recent 3-year period (2003-2005). This stack test is combined wi th the highest 24 hour heat input value for this period from CEMS data to calculate the “maximum 24 hour average emission rate” as required by the VISTAS protocol.

• Filterable PM 10 

### has been subdivided by size category consistent wi th the default approach from AP-42 Table 1-1.6, and as noted on pages 43 and 44 of the VISTAS common BART modeling protocol. The AP-42 Table 1-1.6 specifies for the emission contro ls indicated above that 55.6% of filterable PM 10 

### emissions is coarse (greater than 2.5 microns in si ze) and 44.4% is fine. Of the fine portion, 3.7% i s elemental carbon and the remainder is inorganic fin e particulates (soil).

• Condensable PM 10 

### consists of inorganic and organic compounds. The inorganic portion is by default assumed to be H 2 

### SO 4 

### , although other non-sulfate inorganic condensables could be present. The organic portion is modeled as organic aerosols.

• Baseline H 2 

### SO 4 

### emissions are calculated consistent with the metho d used by Georgia Power to derive these emissions for TRI purposes. This approach as sumes that the H 2 

### SO 4 

### emissions released from the stack are proportional to SO 2 

### emissions from combustion and are dependent on the fuel type and the removal of H 2 

### SO 4 

### by downstream equipment (i.e., ESP and air heater) . For eastern bituminous coal the baseline H 2 

### SO 4 

### release rate is in the range of 0.3 to 0.8% of the SO 2 

### emissions. Appendix A of the site-specific modeling protocol provides the basis for the site-specific values used.

• Baseline emissions of condensable organics (the rem aining portion of condensable PM 10 

### ) are derived based on the supporting field observational informa tion in Appendix B of the site-specific modeling protocol and is estimated as 0.32% of SO 2 

### emitted.

• Coarse filterable particles (between 2.5 and 10 mic rons in size) will be modeled with a geometric mass mean diameter of 5 microns, while fine filterable a nd all condensable particles will be modeled with a geometric mass mean diameter of 0.48 microns, consi stent with the CALPUFF default value for fine particles. The geometric standard deviation for bo th fine and coarse particles will be set to 2 micro ns, consistent with the CALPUFF default value. The 0.48 micron diameter value for fine particles comes from the default values in sample input files prese nted on the TRC web site. There is no default value presented for the coarse particles on the TRC web site. However, since 5 is the geometric mass mean diameter of 2.5 and 10 (the bounds of coa rse particle sizes), it is a reasonable estimate for the geometric mass mean diameter for that class of particles.

In practice, CALPUFF allows for the user to input c ertain components of PM 10 

### as separate species and separate sizes, which will result in more accurate wet and dry deposition velocity results and also mo reSeptember 2006 2-2 091506 Wansley BART Modeling Report.doc 

### accurate effects on light scattering. As noted abo ve, the particle size distribution information is p rovided in AP-42 Table 1-1.6, and will be used for the BART ex emption modeling.

Table 2-1 provides a summary of the modeling emissi on parameters used in the BART CALPUFF modeling, consistent with the source emissions data presented in Appendices A and B of the site-specific modelin g protocol for the baseline. All of the emissions in Table 2-1 were derived from CEMS data for the 2003 to 2005 period and represent the maximum 24-hour average lb /hr rates (excluding days where startup, shutdown, or malfunctions occurred). For NO x 

### and SO 2 

### the values are directly from CEMS. Filterable PM 10 

### emissions were calculated using the highest stack test over the 20 03 to 2005 period and multiplying these values time s the maximum 24-hour average heat input derived from CEM S. These values were then adjusted using AP-42 factors from Table 1.1-6 that indicate that PM 10 

### is 67% of total PM for a pulverized coal unit with an ESP. PM 10 

### speciation was then performed as indicated above su ch that total Filterable PM 10 

### is made up of Coarse Soil plus total Fine PM and total Fine PM is made up of Fine Soil plus Elemental Carbon (EC). Since these units include SCRs, a consistent set of seasonal emission s data was developed representing periods with and without SCR operation. For these the maximum 24-ho ur average rates were extracted from the seasonal (May - September) and non-seasonal (October - April ) CEMS data.September 20062-3091506 Wansley BART Modeling Report.docTable 2-1 Plant Wansley modeling emission parametersLocation UTM(Zone 16 NAD-83)Emissions1Particle Speciation2CaseSource/ UnitUTMEastUTMNorthActualStack HtBaseElev.FlueDiameterGasExitVel.StackGasExitTemp.SO2NOXPM10Filt.PM10CoarseSoilFinePMFine SoilECCond.PM10H2SO4Organicm m m m m m/s deg K lbs/hr lbs/hr lbs/hr lbs/hr lbs/hr lbs/hr lbs/hr lbs/hr lbs/hr lbs/hr lbs/hrBaseline Data - Current Configuration (Unit Basis)Baseline NS Unit 1 682,864 3,699,209 304.8222.57.6 32.2 430.2 19776.47 3755.25 529.11 392.14 218.03 174.11 167.67 6.44 137.96 73.68 63.28S Unit 1 682,864 3,699,209 304.8222.57.6 32.2 430.2 17974.92 1772.70 586.10 378.92 210.68 168.24 162.02 6.22 207.17149.6557.52Baseline NS Unit 2 682,864 3,699,209 304.8222.57.6 32.2 430.2 21205.21 3853.50 388.48 240.22 133.56 106.66 102.71 3.95 148.27 80.41 67.86S Unit 2 682,864 3,699,209 304.8222.57.6 32.2 430.2 19521.34 1615.13 461.16 235.33 130.84 104.49 100.62 3.87 225.83163.3662.47Baseline Data - Current Configuration (Stack Basis)ModeledStk Ht3Eq.Dia.m m m m m m/s deg K lbs/hr lbs/hr lbs/hr lbs/hr lbs/hr lbs/hr lbs/hr lbs/hrlbs/hr lbs/hr lbs/hrStack 1 NS 1&2 682,864 3,699,209 200.9222.510.7 32.2 430.2 40981.68 7608.75 917.59 632.36 351.59 280.77 270.3810.39285.23154.09 131.14Stack 1 S 1&2 682,864 3,699,209 200.9222.510.7 32.2 430.2 37496.26 3387.831047.25614.25 341.52 272.73 262.6410.09433.00313.01 119.99Stack Basis Emissions Converted to g/sec g/sec g/sec g/sec g/sec g/sec g/sec g/secg/secg/secg/sec g/secStack 1 NS 1&2 682,864 3,699,209 200.9222.510.7 32.2 430.2 5163.69 958.70 115.62 79.68 44.30 35.38 34.07 1.31 35.94 19.42 16.52Stack 1 S 1&2 682,864 3,699,209 200.9222.510.7 32.2 430.2 4724.53 426.87 131.95 77.40 43.03 34.36 33.09 1.27 54.56 39.44 15.12NS = Non-Seasonal Rates (Oct - Apr) S= Seasonal Rates (May - Oct)September 20062-4091506 Wansley BART Modeling Report.docTable 2-1 (Continued) Plant Wansley modeling emission parametersNotes:1SO2and NOxemissions are not BART-applicable for EGU sourcesin CAIR states, if the state agency agrees with EPA’s interpretation of the BART final rule. Theemissions for SO2and NOxare provided for information purposes, and for reference in the computation of certain particle species such as H2SO4.2Elemental carbon (EC) and Fine PM are a part of Filterable PM10and H2SO4and Organics are a part of Condensable PM10. Note that H2SO4is input to CALPUFF asSO4. The molecular weights of H2SO4and SO4are 98 and 96 respectively, therefore the conversion factor from H2SO4to SO4is 96/98.3Stack credit is equal to GEP. GEP of 659 ft (200.9 m) is less than actual height therefore GEP height is used for modeling.3-1 091506 Wansley BART Modeling Report.doc 

# 3.0 Modeling results

The exemption modeling results are provided in Tabl e 3-1, and Appendix A lists delta-deciview results for the top 20 days for each year modeled and the top 25 da ys for the overall three years at each Class I area . The table indicates that both the 8 th 

### highest day’s impacts for each year and the 22 nd 

### highest day’s impacts over all three years are below 0.5 delta-dv. These results demonstrate that Plant Wansley’s PM 10 

### emissions do not cause or contribute to visibility impairment. Ther efore, the source is not subject to BART for PM 10 

### , and no further BART analysis is required.

Electronic data related to this application are pro vided on the attached disk. They include all input (INP) and list (LST) files.3-1 091506 Wansley BART Modeling Report.doc 

### Table 3-1 Summary of Results – Plant Wansley Refine d BART Exemption Modeling

2001 2002 2003

Class I area Distance

from source

to Class I

area boundary # of days and

receptors beyond 98 th

percentile with impact > 0.5

delta-dv 8 th

Highest

delta-dv # of days and

receptors beyond 98 th

percentile with impact > 0.5

delta-dv 8 th

Highest

delta-dv # of days and

receptors beyond 98 th

percentile with impact > 0.5

delta-dv 8 th

Highest

delta-dv Highest of

8 th Highest

delta-dv

for the 3-

years 22 nd

Highest

delta-dv

over 3-

year period

km Days Rec delta-dv Days Rec delta-dv Days Rec de lta-dv delta-dv delta-dv

Cohutta 163.8 0 0 0.25 0 0 0.41 0 0 0.40 0.41 0.37

Great Smoky Mountains 250.9 0 0 0.17 0 0 0.15 0 0 0.16 0.17 0.16

Joyce Kilmer 237.5 0 0 0.16 0 0 0.16 0 0 0.16 0.16 0.16

Shining Rock 289.9 0 0 0.10 0 0 0.10 0 0 0.12 0.12 0.10

Sipsey 235.3 0 0 0.14 0 0 0.14 0 0 0.10 0.14 0.14

# Appendix A

Delta-Deciview Values for the Top 20 Days – for Eac h Year/Each Class I Area and for the Top 25 Days – Over Three Y ears

### Ranked Daily Visibility Change for Cohutta (Top 20 Days for Each Year)

% of Modeled Extinction by Species

YEAR DAY REC DV(Total) DV(BKG) DELTA DV F(RH) %_SO4 %_NO3 %_OC %_EC %_PMC %_PMF Ranking 2001 182 16 8.437 7.599 0.838 3.8 82.41 0 8.23 1.73 3.13 4.5 1 2001 198 3 8.112 7.599 0.513 4 83.38 0 7.91 1.66 2. 71 4.33 2 2001 239 16 8.101 7.599 0.502 4.2 84.23 0 7.61 1.6 2.4 4.16 3 2001 113 3 8.023 7.599 0.424 2.8 61.49 0 18.5 3.67 6.81 9.54 4 2001 158 3 7.974 7.599 0.376 3.8 82.21 0 8.21 1.72 3.37 4.49 5 2001 229 3 7.871 7.599 0.272 4.2 85.02 0 7.68 1.61 1.48 4.2 6 2001 297 16 7.866 7.599 0.267 3.8 68.28 0 15.13 3 5 .78 7.8 7 2001 324 25 7.847 7.599 0.248 3.4 66.16 0 16.39 3.2 5 5.75 8.45 8 2001 332 8 7.84 7.599 0.241 3.4 66.38 0 16.44 3.26 5.43 8.48 9 2001 341 16 7.818 7.599 0.219 3.5 66.54 0 16.01 3.1 7 6.02 8.26 10 2001 114 97 7.817 7.599 0.218 2.8 62.57 0 18.82 3.7 3 5.18 9.7 11 2001 210 16 7.783 7.599 0.184 4 84.05 0 7.98 1.67 1 .94 4.36 12 2001 181 16 7.767 7.599 0.169 3.8 82.19 0 8.21 1.72 3.38 4.49 13 2001 180 1 7.765 7.599 0.166 3.8 82.76 0 8.27 1.74 2.71 4.52 14 2001 323 9 7.756 7.599 0.157 3.4 65.7 0 16.28 3.23 6.41 8.39 15 2001 122 9 7.751 7.599 0.152 3.4 73.86 0 12.93 2.61 3.8 6.8 16 2001 199 197 7.749 7.599 0.151 4 84.12 0 7.98 1.68 1.85 4.37 17 2001 263 3 7.742 7.599 0.144 4.2 85.53 0 7.73 1.62 0.89 4.23 18 2001 347 9 7.741 7.599 0.142 3.5 66.48 0 16 3.17 6. 1 8.25 19 2001 220 218 7.736 7.599 0.137 4.2 83.63 0 7.56 1.5 9 3.09 4.13 20

2002 227 3 8.356 7.599 0.757 4.2 83.94 0 7.59 1.59 2.73 4.15 1 2002 137 25 8.157 7.599 0.558 3.4 81.16 0 9.06 1.9 2.92 4.96 2 2002 32 16 8.096 7.599 0.498 3.3 65.31 0 16.67 3.3 6.12 8.59 3 2002 28 9 8.059 7.599 0.46 3.3 65.44 0 16.7 3.31 5. 93 8.61 4 2002 15 3 8.043 7.599 0.445 3.3 65.4 0 16.69 3.31 5 .99 8.61 5 2002 365 97 8.029 7.599 0.431 3.5 66.78 0 16.07 3.1 9 5.68 8.29 6 2002 67 3 8.016 7.599 0.417 3 63.27 0 17.76 3.52 6. 29 9.16 7 2002 75 8 8.01 7.599 0.411 3 62.98 0 17.68 3.51 6.7 1 9.12 8 2002 228 179 7.965 7.599 0.367 4.2 84.2 0 7.61 1.6 2.43 4.16 9 2002 314 3 7.961 7.599 0.362 3.4 66.01 0 16.35 3.24 5.96 8.43 10 2002 115 25 7.936 7.599 0.337 2.8 61.54 0 18.51 3.6 7 6.74 9.54 11 2002 226 8 7.901 7.599 0.302 4.2 83.95 0 7.59 1.59 2.72 4.15 12 2002 86 3 7.879 7.599 0.28 3 63.29 0 17.77 3.52 6.2 6 9.16 13 2002 57 35 7.879 7.599 0.28 3.1 64.01 0 17.39 3.45 6.18 8.97 14 2002 225 3 7.842 7.599 0.243 4.2 85.13 0 7.69 1.62 1.35 4.21 15 2002 207 44 7.841 7.599 0.242 4 83.58 0 7.93 1.67 2 .48 4.34 16 2002 164 16 7.828 7.599 0.23 3.8 83.27 0 8.32 1.75 2.12 4.55 17 2002 89 16 7.809 7.599 0.21 3 63.91 0 17.94 3.56 5. 35 9.25 18 2002 235 16 7.799 7.599 0.2 4.2 84.07 0 7.6 1.6 2.5 8 4.16 19 2002 138 35 7.797 7.599 0.198 3.4 80.81 0 9.02 1.89 3.34 4.94 20

2003 270 1 8.518 7.599 0.919 4.2 83.87 0 7.58 1.59 2.81 4.15 1 2003 242 25 8.344 7.599 0.746 4.2 83.97 0 7.59 1.59 2.69 4.15 2 2003 344 3 8.18 7.599 0.581 3.5 66.73 0 16.06 3.18 5.75 8.28 3 2003 246 25 8.176 7.599 0.577 4.2 84.2 0 7.61 1.6 2 .43 4.16 4 2003 258 9 8.114 7.599 0.515 4.2 83.66 0 7.56 1.59 3.05 4.14 5 2003 106 8 8.081 7.599 0.482 2.8 61.53 0 18.51 3.67 6.75 9.54 6 2003 271 3 8.071 7.599 0.473 4.2 84.14 0 7.6 1.6 2. 5 4.16 7 2003 241 9 7.996 7.599 0.397 4.2 84.54 0 7.64 1.6 2 .04 4.18 8 2003 142 9 7.972 7.599 0.373 3.4 80.47 0 8.98 1.89 3.75 4.91 9 2003 357 1 7.961 7.599 0.363 3.5 66.56 0 16.02 3.18 5.99 8.26 10 2003 178 3 7.926 7.599 0.327 3.8 82.18 0 8.21 1.72 3.4 4.49 11 2003 358 25 7.905 7.599 0.306 3.5 66.72 0 16.06 3.1 8 5.76 8.28 12 2003 51 16 7.891 7.599 0.292 3.1 65.09 0 17.68 3.51 4.6 9.12 13 2003 328 35 7.855 7.599 0.257 3.4 65.94 0 16.33 3.2 4 6.07 8.42 14 2003 138 8 7.834 7.599 0.236 3.4 80.91 0 9.03 1.9 3 .21 4.94 15 2003 216 3 7.821 7.599 0.223 4.2 83.56 0 7.55 1.59 3.17 4.13 16 2003 316 16 7.802 7.599 0.203 3.4 66.7 0 16.52 3.28 4.98 8.52 17 2003 291 220 7.796 7.599 0.197 3.8 68.7 0 15.23 3.0 2 5.2 7.85 18 2003 240 3 7.785 7.599 0.186 4.2 85.07 0 7.69 1.61 1.42 4.21 19 2003 110 9 7.774 7.599 0.175 2.8 61.51 0 18.5 3.67 6.77 9.54 20

### Ranked Daily Visibility Change for Cohutta (Top 25 Days Over Three Years)

% of Modeled Extinction by Species

YEAR DAY REC DV(Total) DV(BKG) DELTA DV F(RH) %_SO4 %_NO3 %_OC %_EC %_PMC %_PMF Ranking 2003 270 1 8.518 7.599 0.919 4.2 83.87 0.00 7.58 1. 59 2.81 4.15 1 2001 182 16 8.437 7.599 0.838 3.8 82.41 0.00 8.23 1 .73 3.13 4.50 2 2002 227 3 8.356 7.599 0.757 4.2 83.94 0.00 7.59 1. 59 2.73 4.15 3 2003 242 25 8.344 7.599 0.746 4.2 83.97 0.00 7.59 1 .59 2.69 4.15 4 2003 344 3 8.180 7.599 0.581 3.5 66.73 0.00 16.06 3 .18 5.75 8.28 5 2003 246 25 8.176 7.599 0.577 4.2 84.20 0.00 7.61 1 .60 2.43 4.16 6 2002 137 25 8.157 7.599 0.558 3.4 81.16 0.00 9.06 1 .90 2.92 4.96 7 2003 258 9 8.114 7.599 0.515 4.2 83.66 0.00 7.56 1. 59 3.05 4.14 8 2001 198 3 8.112 7.599 0.513 4.0 83.38 0.00 7.91 1. 66 2.71 4.33 9 2001 239 16 8.101 7.599 0.502 4.2 84.23 0.00 7.61 1 .60 2.40 4.16 10 2002 32 16 8.096 7.599 0.498 3.3 65.31 0.00 16.67 3 .30 6.12 8.59 11 2003 106 8 8.081 7.599 0.482 2.8 61.53 0.00 18.51 3 .67 6.75 9.54 12 2003 271 3 8.071 7.599 0.473 4.2 84.14 0.00 7.60 1. 60 2.50 4.16 13 2002 28 9 8.059 7.599 0.460 3.3 65.44 0.00 16.70 3. 31 5.93 8.61 14 2002 15 3 8.043 7.599 0.445 3.3 65.40 0.00 16.69 3. 31 5.99 8.61 15 2002 365 97 8.029 7.599 0.431 3.5 66.78 0.00 16.07 3.19 5.68 8.29 16 2001 113 3 8.023 7.599 0.424 2.8 61.49 0.00 18.50 3 .67 6.81 9.54 17 2002 67 3 8.016 7.599 0.417 3.0 63.27 0.00 17.76 3. 52 6.29 9.16 18 2002 75 8 8.010 7.599 0.411 3.0 62.98 0.00 17.68 3. 51 6.71 9.12 19 2003 241 9 7.996 7.599 0.397 4.2 84.54 0.00 7.64 1. 60 2.04 4.18 20 2001 158 3 7.974 7.599 0.376 3.8 82.21 0.00 8.21 1. 72 3.37 4.49 21 2003 142 9 7.972 7.599 0.373 3.4 80.47 0.00 8.98 1. 89 3.75 4.91 22 2002 228 179 7.965 7.599 0.367 4.2 84.20 0.00 7.61 1.60 2.43 4.16 23 2003 357 1 7.961 7.599 0.363 3.5 66.56 0.00 16.02 3 .18 5.99 8.26 24 2002 314 3 7.961 7.599 0.362 3.4 66.01 0.00 16.35 3 .24 5.96 8.43 25

### Ranked Daily Visibility Change for Great Smoky Moun tains (Top 20 Days for Each Year)

% of Modeled Extinction by Species

YEAR DAY REC DV(Total) DV(BKG) DELTA DV F(RH) %_SO4 %_NO3 %_OC %_EC %_PMC %_PMF Ranking 2001 343 354 7.966 7.599 0.367 3.4 66.78 0 16.54 3. 28 4.87 8.53 1 2001 111 356 7.884 7.599 0.286 2.7 61.6 0 19.22 3.8 1 5.47 9.91 2 2001 113 435 7.837 7.599 0.239 2.7 61.79 0 19.27 3. 82 5.18 9.94 3 2001 225 586 7.827 7.599 0.228 4 83.49 0 7.92 1.66 2.59 4.33 4 2001 198 324 7.823 7.599 0.224 3.8 83.79 0 8.37 1.7 6 1.51 4.58 5 2001 112 363 7.81 7.599 0.212 2.7 61.88 0 19.3 3.83 5.04 9.95 6 2001 341 357 7.802 7.599 0.204 3.4 66.96 0 16.59 3. 29 4.61 8.55 7 2001 297 397 7.767 7.599 0.169 3.8 69.52 0 15.41 3. 05 4.07 7.94 8 2001 199 606 7.763 7.599 0.164 3.8 83.94 0 8.38 1.7 6 1.33 4.59 9 2001 279 513 7.759 7.599 0.161 3.8 68.93 0 15.28 3. 03 4.89 7.88 10 2001 239 606 7.751 7.599 0.153 4 84.36 0 8.01 1.68 1.57 4.38 11 2001 142 363 7.749 7.599 0.15 3.2 81.53 0 9.67 2.03 1.48 5.29 12 2001 324 435 7.731 7.599 0.132 3.3 66.27 0 16.91 3. 35 4.74 8.72 13 2001 263 513 7.728 7.599 0.129 4.2 84.31 0 7.62 1.6 2.3 4.17 14 2001 114 558 7.725 7.599 0.126 2.7 63.11 0 19.69 3. 9 3.15 10.15 15 2001 182 606 7.716 7.599 0.118 3.9 83.7 0 8.15 1.71 1.99 4.46 16 2001 12 562 7.716 7.599 0.117 3.3 65.67 0 16.76 3.3 2 5.6 8.64 17 2001 52 363 7.693 7.599 0.094 3 63.64 0 17.87 3.54 5.74 9.21 18 2001 229 429 7.692 7.599 0.093 4 84.96 0 8.06 1.69 0.88 4.41 19 2001 94 349 7.689 7.599 0.09 2.7 61.68 0 19.24 3.81 5.35 9.92 20

2002 228 435 8.122 7.599 0.524 4 83.85 0 7.96 1.67 2.17 4.35 1 2002 365 609 7.861 7.599 0.263 3.4 67.28 0 16.67 3. 3 4.16 8.59 2 2002 67 350 7.85 7.599 0.251 2.9 63.63 0 18.48 3.66 4.7 9.53 3 2002 133 435 7.809 7.599 0.21 3.2 80.2 0 9.51 2 3.0 9 5.2 4 2002 227 606 7.799 7.599 0.201 4 83.91 0 7.96 1.67 2.1 4.36 5 2002 15 609 7.785 7.599 0.186 3.3 67.07 0 17.12 3.3 9 3.59 8.83 6 2002 226 606 7.746 7.599 0.148 4 84.78 0 8.04 1.69 1.09 4.4 7 2002 107 372 7.745 7.599 0.147 2.7 61.68 0 19.24 3. 81 5.35 9.92 8 2002 138 466 7.742 7.599 0.143 3.2 80.72 0 9.57 2.0 1 2.46 5.24 9 2002 130 363 7.74 7.599 0.142 3.2 80.02 0 9.49 1.99 3.31 5.19 10 2002 28 434 7.729 7.599 0.131 3.3 66.39 0 16.94 3.3 6 4.57 8.74 11 2002 207 587 7.722 7.599 0.124 3.8 82.49 0 8.24 1.7 3 3.03 4.51 12 2002 137 815 7.722 7.599 0.123 3.2 80.66 0 9.57 2.0 1 2.53 5.23 13 2002 314 609 7.718 7.599 0.119 3.3 66.7 0 17.02 3.3 7 4.12 8.78 14 2002 208 652 7.715 7.599 0.116 3.8 82.2 0 8.21 1.72 3.37 4.49 15 2002 85 525 7.713 7.599 0.115 2.9 63.43 0 18.42 3.6 5 5.01 9.5 16 2002 229 587 7.712 7.599 0.113 4 83.5 0 7.92 1.66 2 .58 4.33 17 2002 31 605 7.711 7.599 0.113 3.3 65.41 0 16.69 3.3 1 5.98 8.61 18 2002 32 465 7.705 7.599 0.106 3.3 66.13 0 16.88 3.3 5 4.95 8.7 19 2002 132 513 7.702 7.599 0.103 3.2 81.46 0 9.66 2.0 3 1.57 5.29 20

2003 246 435 7.886 7.599 0.287 4.2 84.33 0 7.62 1.6 2.28 4.17 1 2003 164 361 7.833 7.599 0.235 3.9 83.6 0 8.14 1.71 2.1 4.45 2 2003 344 477 7.818 7.599 0.219 3.4 67.33 0 16.68 3. 31 4.09 8.6 3 2003 247 382 7.818 7.599 0.219 4.2 85.28 0 7.71 1.6 2 1.17 4.22 4 2003 270 429 7.803 7.599 0.205 4.2 84.42 0 7.63 1.6 2.18 4.17 5 2003 320 513 7.771 7.599 0.173 3.3 66.74 0 17.03 3. 38 4.07 8.78 6 2003 269 435 7.763 7.599 0.165 4.2 84.36 0 7.62 1.6 2.24 4.17 7 2003 304 353 7.758 7.599 0.159 3.8 68.75 0 15.24 3. 02 5.14 7.86 8 2003 51 475 7.747 7.599 0.148 3 65.36 0 18.35 3.64 3.2 9.46 9 2003 242 606 7.742 7.599 0.143 4 84.06 0 7.98 1.67 1.93 4.36 10 2003 163 513 7.725 7.599 0.126 3.9 83.76 0 8.15 1.7 1 1.92 4.46 11 2003 271 474 7.722 7.599 0.123 4.2 84.7 0 7.65 1.61 1.85 4.19 12 2003 241 587 7.721 7.599 0.123 4 84.02 0 7.97 1.67 1.97 4.36 13 2003 108 372 7.72 7.599 0.121 2.7 61.96 0 19.33 3.8 3 4.92 9.97 14 2003 357 562 7.715 7.599 0.116 3.4 67.53 0 16.73 3. 32 3.8 8.62 15 2003 178 382 7.711 7.599 0.112 3.9 83.33 0 8.11 1.7 2.42 4.44 16 2003 356 513 7.708 7.599 0.109 3.4 67.03 0 16.6 3.2 9 4.52 8.56 17 2003 216 586 7.708 7.599 0.109 4 83.4 0 7.91 1.66 2 .7 4.33 18 2003 73 437 7.705 7.599 0.106 2.9 62.94 0 18.28 3.6 2 5.73 9.42 19 2003 243 435 7.699 7.599 0.1 4 83.07 0 7.88 1.66 3. 08 4.31 20

### Ranked Daily Visibility Change for Great Smoky Moun tains (Top 25 Days Over Three Years)

% of Modeled Extinction by Species

YEAR DAY REC DV(Total) DV(BKG) DELTA DV F(RH) %_SO4 %_NO3 %_OC %_EC %_PMC %_PMF Ranking 2002 228 435 8.122 7.599 0.524 4.0 83.85 0.00 7.96 1.67 2.17 4.35 1 2001 343 354 7.966 7.599 0.367 3.4 66.78 0.00 16.54 3.28 4.87 8.53 2 2003 246 435 7.886 7.599 0.287 4.2 84.33 0.00 7.62 1.60 2.28 4.17 3 2001 111 356 7.884 7.599 0.286 2.7 61.60 0.00 19.22 3.81 5.47 9.91 4 2002 365 609 7.861 7.599 0.263 3.4 67.28 0.00 16.67 3.30 4.16 8.59 5 2002 67 350 7.850 7.599 0.251 2.9 63.63 0.00 18.48 3.66 4.70 9.53 6 2001 113 435 7.837 7.599 0.239 2.7 61.79 0.00 19.27 3.82 5.18 9.94 7 2003 164 361 7.833 7.599 0.235 3.9 83.60 0.00 8.14 1.71 2.10 4.45 8 2001 225 586 7.827 7.599 0.228 4.0 83.49 0.00 7.92 1.66 2.59 4.33 9 2001 198 324 7.823 7.599 0.224 3.8 83.79 0.00 8.37 1.76 1.51 4.58 10 2003 344 477 7.818 7.599 0.219 3.4 67.33 0.00 16.68 3.31 4.09 8.60 11 2003 247 382 7.818 7.599 0.219 4.2 85.28 0.00 7.71 1.62 1.17 4.22 12 2001 112 363 7.810 7.599 0.212 2.7 61.88 0.00 19.30 3.83 5.04 9.95 13 2002 133 435 7.809 7.599 0.210 3.2 80.20 0.00 9.51 2.00 3.09 5.20 14 2003 270 429 7.803 7.599 0.205 4.2 84.42 0.00 7.63 1.60 2.18 4.17 15 2001 341 357 7.802 7.599 0.204 3.4 66.96 0.00 16.59 3.29 4.61 8.55 16 2002 227 606 7.799 7.599 0.201 4.0 83.91 0.00 7.96 1.67 2.10 4.36 17 2002 15 609 7.785 7.599 0.186 3.3 67.07 0.00 17.12 3.39 3.59 8.83 18 2003 320 513 7.771 7.599 0.173 3.3 66.74 0.00 17.03 3.38 4.07 8.78 19 2001 297 397 7.767 7.599 0.169 3.8 69.52 0.00 15.41 3.05 4.07 7.94 20 2003 269 435 7.763 7.599 0.165 4.2 84.36 0.00 7.62 1.60 2.24 4.17 21 2001 199 606 7.763 7.599 0.164 3.8 83.94 0.00 8.38 1.76 1.33 4.59 22 2001 279 513 7.759 7.599 0.161 3.8 68.93 0.00 15.28 3.03 4.89 7.88 23 2003 304 353 7.758 7.599 0.159 3.8 68.75 0.00 15.24 3.02 5.14 7.86 24 2001 239 606 7.751 7.599 0.153 4.0 84.36 0.00 8.01 1.68 1.57 4.38 25

### Ranked Daily Visibility Change for Joyce Kilmer (To p 20 Days for Each Year)

% of Modeled Extinction by Species

YEAR DAY REC DV(Total) DV(BKG) DELTA DV F(RH) %_SO4 %_NO3 %_OC %_EC %_PMC %_PMF Ranking 2001 198 225 7.898 7.608 0.29 4 84.33 0 8 1.68 1.61 4.38 1 2001 225 253 7.879 7.608 0.271 4.2 83.87 0 7.58 1.5 9 2.81 4.15 2 2001 113 278 7.873 7.608 0.265 2.7 61.54 0 19.2 3.8 1 5.57 9.9 3 2001 343 225 7.82 7.608 0.212 3.5 67.08 0 16.14 3.2 5.26 8.32 4 2001 297 239 7.789 7.608 0.181 3.8 69.28 0 15.36 3. 04 4.4 7.92 5 2001 341 225 7.786 7.608 0.178 3.5 67.31 0 16.2 3.2 1 4.93 8.35 6 2001 111 225 7.784 7.608 0.176 2.7 62.06 0 19.36 3. 84 4.76 9.98 7 2001 199 317 7.77 7.608 0.162 4 84.61 0 8.03 1.69 1 .29 4.39 8 2001 239 317 7.769 7.608 0.161 4.2 85.01 0 7.68 1.6 1 1.5 4.2 9 2001 324 278 7.75 7.608 0.142 3.3 66.12 0 16.88 3.3 5 4.96 8.7 10 2001 112 246 7.747 7.608 0.139 2.7 61.48 0 19.18 3. 8 5.65 9.89 11 2001 114 317 7.737 7.608 0.129 2.7 63 0 19.65 3.9 3 .32 10.13 12 2001 182 310 7.731 7.608 0.123 3.8 83.19 0 8.31 1.7 4 2.21 4.55 13 2001 12 310 7.727 7.608 0.119 3.3 65.58 0 16.74 3.3 2 5.73 8.63 14 2001 229 278 7.718 7.608 0.11 4.2 85.52 0 7.73 1.62 0.9 4.23 15 2001 347 239 7.715 7.608 0.106 3.5 67.49 0 16.24 3. 22 4.67 8.37 16 2001 279 225 7.71 7.608 0.102 3.8 69.24 0 15.35 3.0 4 4.46 7.91 17 2001 158 223 7.705 7.608 0.097 3.8 82.99 0 8.29 1.7 4 2.44 4.54 18 2001 103 225 7.705 7.608 0.097 2.7 61.62 0 19.22 3. 81 5.43 9.91 19 2001 52 225 7.695 7.608 0.087 3.1 64.24 0 17.45 3.4 6 5.85 9 20

2002 228 241 8.27 7.608 0.662 4.2 84.36 0 7.62 1.6 2.25 4.17 1 2002 365 310 7.893 7.608 0.285 3.5 67.77 0 16.31 3. 23 4.28 8.41 2 2002 67 225 7.891 7.608 0.283 2.9 63.3 0 18.39 3.64 5.19 9.48 3 2002 227 310 7.859 7.608 0.251 4.2 84.39 0 7.63 1.6 2.21 4.17 4 2002 133 253 7.816 7.608 0.208 3.3 80.51 0 9.26 1.9 4 3.22 5.07 5 2002 15 310 7.812 7.608 0.204 3.3 66.86 0 17.06 3.3 8 3.89 8.8 6 2002 107 225 7.778 7.608 0.17 2.7 61.34 0 19.13 3.7 9 5.87 9.86 7 2002 28 278 7.767 7.608 0.159 3.3 66.12 0 16.88 3.3 5 4.96 8.7 8 2002 207 253 7.761 7.608 0.153 4 83.58 0 7.93 1.67 2.48 4.34 9 2002 138 221 7.754 7.608 0.146 3.3 81.25 0 9.34 1.9 6 2.33 5.11 10 2002 226 317 7.752 7.608 0.144 4.2 85.44 0 7.72 1.6 2 1 4.22 11 2002 314 317 7.74 7.608 0.132 3.3 66.54 0 16.98 3.3 7 4.35 8.76 12 2002 85 226 7.729 7.608 0.121 2.9 63.03 0 18.31 3.6 3 5.6 9.44 13 2002 137 310 7.728 7.608 0.119 3.3 81.12 0 9.33 1.9 6 2.48 5.1 14 2002 229 253 7.726 7.608 0.118 4.2 84.05 0 7.6 1.59 2.6 4.16 15 2002 165 225 7.713 7.608 0.104 3.8 83.72 0 8.36 1.7 6 1.59 4.57 16 2002 89 278 7.705 7.608 0.097 2.9 64.19 0 18.64 3.7 3.86 9.61 17 2002 225 270 7.704 7.608 0.096 4.2 85.36 0 7.71 1.6 2 1.08 4.22 18 2002 66 239 7.7 7.608 0.092 2.9 65.27 0 18.96 3.76 2.24 9.77 19 2002 313 240 7.699 7.608 0.091 3.3 65.22 0 16.65 3. 3 6.25 8.58 20

2003 246 278 7.923 7.608 0.315 4.2 84.31 0 7.62 1.6 2.3 4.17 1 2003 270 270 7.858 7.608 0.25 4.2 84.28 0 7.62 1.6 2.34 4.17 2 2003 344 278 7.854 7.608 0.246 3.5 67.73 0 16.3 3.2 3 4.33 8.4 3 2003 247 253 7.834 7.608 0.226 4.2 85.25 0 7.7 1.62 1.22 4.21 4 2003 269 241 7.792 7.608 0.184 4.2 84.12 0 7.6 1.6 2.52 4.16 5 2003 271 270 7.781 7.608 0.173 4.2 84.56 0 7.64 1.6 2.01 4.18 6 2003 216 253 7.77 7.608 0.162 4.2 83.99 0 7.59 1.59 2.67 4.15 7 2003 51 310 7.77 7.608 0.162 3.1 66.07 0 17.95 3.56 3.17 9.25 8 2003 241 253 7.745 7.608 0.137 4.2 84.78 0 7.66 1.6 1 1.75 4.19 9 2003 291 239 7.741 7.608 0.133 3.8 69.19 0 15.34 3. 04 4.52 7.91 10 2003 242 317 7.736 7.608 0.128 4.2 84.68 0 7.65 1.6 1 1.87 4.19 11 2003 357 310 7.734 7.608 0.126 3.5 68.01 0 16.37 3. 24 3.94 8.44 12 2003 243 259 7.724 7.608 0.116 4.2 83.71 0 7.56 1.5 9 3 4.14 13 2003 108 248 7.724 7.608 0.116 2.7 61.72 0 19.25 3. 82 5.28 9.93 14 2003 304 248 7.723 7.608 0.115 3.8 68.8 0 15.25 3.0 2 5.06 7.86 15 2003 73 226 7.722 7.608 0.114 2.9 62.63 0 18.19 3.6 1 6.19 9.38 16 2003 107 270 7.72 7.608 0.112 2.7 61.92 0 19.32 3.8 3 4.97 9.96 17 2003 56 310 7.72 7.608 0.112 3.1 64.52 0 17.53 3.48 5.44 9.04 18 2003 178 226 7.718 7.608 0.11 3.8 82.64 0 8.25 1.73 2.86 4.52 19 2003 197 239 7.711 7.608 0.103 4 84.36 0 8 1.68 1.5 7 4.38 20

### Ranked Daily Visibility Change for Joyce Kilmer (To p 25 Days Over Three Years)

% of Modeled Extinction by Species

YEAR DAY REC DV(Total) DV(BKG) DELTA DV F(RH) %_SO4 %_NO3 %_OC %_EC %_PMC %_PMF Ranking 2002 228 241 8.270 7.608 0.662 4.2 84.36 0.00 7.62 1.60 2.25 4.17 1 2003 246 278 7.923 7.608 0.315 4.2 84.31 0.00 7.62 1.60 2.30 4.17 2 2001 198 225 7.898 7.608 0.290 4.0 84.33 0.00 8.00 1.68 1.61 4.38 3 2002 365 310 7.893 7.608 0.285 3.5 67.77 0.00 16.31 3.23 4.28 8.41 4 2002 67 225 7.891 7.608 0.283 2.9 63.30 0.00 18.39 3.64 5.19 9.48 5 2001 225 253 7.879 7.608 0.271 4.2 83.87 0.00 7.58 1.59 2.81 4.15 6 2001 113 278 7.873 7.608 0.265 2.7 61.54 0.00 19.20 3.81 5.57 9.90 7 2002 227 310 7.859 7.608 0.251 4.2 84.39 0.00 7.63 1.60 2.21 4.17 8 2003 270 270 7.858 7.608 0.250 4.2 84.28 0.00 7.62 1.60 2.34 4.17 9 2003 344 278 7.854 7.608 0.246 3.5 67.73 0.00 16.30 3.23 4.33 8.40 10 2003 247 253 7.834 7.608 0.226 4.2 85.25 0.00 7.70 1.62 1.22 4.21 11 2001 343 225 7.820 7.608 0.212 3.5 67.08 0.00 16.14 3.20 5.26 8.32 12 2002 133 253 7.816 7.608 0.208 3.3 80.51 0.00 9.26 1.94 3.22 5.07 13 2002 15 310 7.812 7.608 0.204 3.3 66.86 0.00 17.06 3.38 3.89 8.80 14 2003 269 241 7.792 7.608 0.184 4.2 84.12 0.00 7.60 1.60 2.52 4.16 15 2001 297 239 7.789 7.608 0.181 3.8 69.28 0.00 15.36 3.04 4.40 7.92 16 2001 341 225 7.786 7.608 0.178 3.5 67.31 0.00 16.20 3.21 4.93 8.35 17 2001 111 225 7.784 7.608 0.176 2.7 62.06 0.00 19.36 3.84 4.76 9.98 18 2003 271 270 7.781 7.608 0.173 4.2 84.56 0.00 7.64 1.60 2.01 4.18 19 2002 107 225 7.778 7.608 0.170 2.7 61.34 0.00 19.13 3.79 5.87 9.86 20 2001 199 317 7.770 7.608 0.162 4.0 84.61 0.00 8.03 1.69 1.29 4.39 21 2003 216 253 7.770 7.608 0.162 4.2 83.99 0.00 7.59 1.59 2.67 4.15 22 2003 51 310 7.770 7.608 0.162 3.1 66.07 0.00 17.95 3.56 3.17 9.25 23 2001 239 317 7.769 7.608 0.161 4.2 85.01 0.00 7.68 1.61 1.50 4.20 24 2002 28 278 7.767 7.608 0.159 3.3 66.12 0.00 16.88 3.35 4.96 8.70 25

### Ranked Daily Visibility Change for Shining Rock (To p 20 Days for Each Year)

% of Modeled Extinction by Species

YEAR DAY REC DV(Total) DV(BKG) DELTA DV F(RH) %_SO4 %_NO3 %_OC %_EC %_PMC %_PMF Ranking 2001 298 1210 7.79 7.608 0.182 3.8 69.07 0 15.31 3. 03 4.7 7.89 1 2001 143 1210 7.778 7.608 0.17 3.4 80.99 0 9.04 1.9 3.12 4.95 2 2001 279 1216 7.765 7.608 0.157 3.8 68.84 0 15.26 3 .02 5.01 7.87 3 2001 199 1313 7.734 7.608 0.125 4.1 84.99 0 7.87 1. 65 1.19 4.3 4 2001 347 1216 7.725 7.608 0.116 3.4 66.33 0 16.43 3 .26 5.5 8.47 5 2001 52 1235 7.713 7.608 0.105 3 64.03 0 17.98 3.56 5.17 9.27 6 2001 343 1207 7.704 7.608 0.096 3.4 66.36 0 16.44 3 .26 5.47 8.48 7 2001 263 1265 7.704 7.608 0.096 4.4 84.91 0 7.32 1. 54 2.22 4.01 8 2001 332 1207 7.697 7.608 0.089 3.3 65.58 0 16.74 3 .32 5.73 8.63 9 2001 145 1210 7.697 7.608 0.089 3.4 81.15 0 9.06 1. 9 2.93 4.96 10 2001 115 1210 7.694 7.608 0.085 2.7 61.23 0 19.1 3. 79 6.04 9.85 11 2001 225 1301 7.69 7.608 0.082 4.5 85.74 0 7.23 1.5 2 1.55 3.96 12 2001 111 1301 7.688 7.608 0.08 2.7 61.76 0 19.27 3. 82 5.21 9.93 13 2001 324 1267 7.681 7.608 0.073 3.3 66.61 0 17 3.37 4.25 8.77 14 2001 97 1314 7.681 7.608 0.073 2.7 60.97 0 19.02 3. 77 6.44 9.81 15 2001 290 1265 7.674 7.608 0.066 3.8 68.85 0 15.26 3 .03 5 7.87 16 2001 98 1210 7.671 7.608 0.063 2.7 61.41 0 19.16 3. 8 5.76 9.88 17 2001 152 1265 7.667 7.608 0.059 3.4 82.71 0 9.23 1. 94 1.07 5.05 18 2001 158 1211 7.666 7.608 0.058 3.9 84.04 0 8.18 1. 72 1.59 4.47 19 2001 198 1265 7.665 7.608 0.057 4.1 85.08 0 7.88 1. 65 1.08 4.31 20

2002 129 1210 7.826 7.608 0.218 3.4 81.36 0 9.08 1. 91 2.68 4.97 1 2002 31 1216 7.767 7.608 0.159 3.3 65.3 0 16.67 3.3 6.14 8.59 2 2002 128 1206 7.747 7.608 0.139 3.4 81.16 0 9.06 1. 9 2.92 4.96 3 2002 138 1314 7.727 7.608 0.119 3.4 81.64 0 9.11 1. 91 2.34 4.99 4 2002 230 1207 7.722 7.608 0.114 4.5 85.24 0 7.19 1. 51 2.13 3.93 5 2002 324 1236 7.719 7.608 0.111 3.3 66.89 0 17.07 3 .38 3.85 8.8 6 2002 208 1302 7.714 7.608 0.106 4.1 83.27 0 7.71 1. 62 3.18 4.22 7 2002 132 1267 7.709 7.608 0.101 3.4 82.33 0 9.19 1. 93 1.52 5.03 8 2002 106 1206 7.707 7.608 0.099 2.7 61.5 0 19.18 3. 8 5.62 9.89 9 2002 29 1210 7.706 7.608 0.098 3.3 66.72 0 17.03 3. 38 4.09 8.78 10 2002 130 1266 7.7 7.608 0.092 3.4 81.32 0 9.08 1.91 2.73 4.97 11 2002 294 1210 7.696 7.608 0.088 3.8 69.32 0 15.36 3 .05 4.35 7.92 12 2002 165 1211 7.695 7.608 0.087 3.9 84.03 0 8.18 1. 72 1.6 4.47 13 2002 207 1301 7.683 7.608 0.075 4.1 83.54 0 7.73 1. 62 2.87 4.23 14 2002 147 1216 7.683 7.608 0.075 3.4 81.66 0 9.12 1. 91 2.32 4.99 15 2002 67 1300 7.679 7.608 0.07 2.9 63.69 0 18.5 3.67 4.6 9.54 16 2002 134 1265 7.675 7.608 0.066 3.4 81.34 0 9.08 1. 91 2.71 4.97 17 2002 51 1206 7.672 7.608 0.064 3 63.08 0 17.71 3.51 6.57 9.13 18 2002 75 1212 7.671 7.608 0.063 2.9 64.73 0 18.8 3.7 3 3.04 9.69 19 2002 229 1301 7.667 7.608 0.059 4.5 85.09 0 7.18 1. 51 2.3 3.93 20

2003 320 1251 7.854 7.608 0.246 3.3 66.64 0 17.01 3 .37 4.21 8.77 1 2003 269 1207 7.762 7.608 0.154 4.4 84.65 0 7.3 1.5 3 2.52 4 2 2003 356 1251 7.739 7.608 0.131 3.4 66.92 0 16.58 3 .29 4.67 8.55 3 2003 357 1207 7.737 7.608 0.129 3.4 66.79 0 16.54 3 .28 4.86 8.53 4 2003 188 1207 7.733 7.608 0.125 4.1 84.45 0 7.82 1. 64 1.81 4.28 5 2003 178 1212 7.731 7.608 0.123 3.9 84.13 0 8.19 1. 72 1.48 4.48 6 2003 163 1208 7.73 7.608 0.122 3.9 83.54 0 8.13 1.7 1 2.17 4.45 7 2003 241 1216 7.724 7.608 0.116 4.5 85.91 0 7.25 1. 52 1.36 3.96 8 2003 85 1207 7.7 7.608 0.092 2.9 64.46 0 18.72 3.71 3.45 9.65 9 2003 344 1312 7.699 7.608 0.091 3.4 67.34 0 16.68 3 .31 4.07 8.6 10 2003 142 1206 7.697 7.608 0.089 3.4 80.56 0 8.99 1. 89 3.64 4.92 11 2003 247 1265 7.693 7.608 0.085 4.4 85.72 0 7.39 1. 55 1.28 4.05 12 2003 321 1211 7.689 7.608 0.081 3.3 65.57 0 16.74 3 .32 5.74 8.63 13 2003 160 1206 7.685 7.608 0.077 3.9 84.06 0 8.18 1. 72 1.57 4.48 14 2003 68 1301 7.683 7.608 0.075 2.9 62.14 0 18.05 3. 58 6.93 9.3 15 2003 51 1313 7.683 7.608 0.075 3 63.79 0 17.91 3.55 5.51 9.23 16 2003 77 1216 7.68 7.608 0.072 2.9 62.29 0 18.09 3.5 9 6.71 9.33 17 2003 164 1266 7.678 7.608 0.069 3.9 84.25 0 8.2 1.7 2 1.34 4.49 18 2003 240 1211 7.676 7.608 0.068 4.5 86.09 0 7.26 1. 52 1.15 3.97 19 2003 132 1210 7.676 7.608 0.068 3.4 81.31 0 9.08 1. 91 2.74 4.97 20

### Ranked Daily Visibility Change for Shining Rock (To p 25 Days Over Three Years)

% of Modeled Extinction by Species

YEAR DAY REC DV(Total) DV(BKG) DELTA DV F(RH) %_SO4 %_NO3 %_OC %_EC %_PMC %_PMF Ranking 2003 320 1251 7.854 7.608 0.246 3.3 66.64 0.00 17.0 1 3.37 4.21 8.77 1 2002 129 1210 7.826 7.608 0.218 3.4 81.36 0.00 9.08 1.91 2.68 4.97 2 2001 298 1210 7.790 7.608 0.182 3.8 69.07 0.00 15.3 1 3.03 4.70 7.89 3 2001 143 1210 7.778 7.608 0.170 3.4 80.99 0.00 9.04 1.90 3.12 4.95 4 2002 31 1216 7.767 7.608 0.159 3.3 65.30 0.00 16.67 3.30 6.14 8.59 5 2001 279 1216 7.765 7.608 0.157 3.8 68.84 0.00 15.2 6 3.02 5.01 7.87 6 2003 269 1207 7.762 7.608 0.154 4.4 84.65 0.00 7.30 1.53 2.52 4.00 7 2002 128 1206 7.747 7.608 0.139 3.4 81.16 0.00 9.06 1.90 2.92 4.96 8 2003 356 1251 7.739 7.608 0.131 3.4 66.92 0.00 16.5 8 3.29 4.67 8.55 9 2003 357 1207 7.737 7.608 0.129 3.4 66.79 0.00 16.5 4 3.28 4.86 8.53 10 2001 199 1313 7.734 7.608 0.125 4.1 84.99 0.00 7.87 1.65 1.19 4.30 11 2003 188 1207 7.733 7.608 0.125 4.1 84.45 0.00 7.82 1.64 1.81 4.28 12 2003 178 1212 7.731 7.608 0.123 3.9 84.13 0.00 8.19 1.72 1.48 4.48 13 2003 163 1208 7.730 7.608 0.122 3.9 83.54 0.00 8.13 1.71 2.17 4.45 14 2002 138 1314 7.727 7.608 0.119 3.4 81.64 0.00 9.11 1.91 2.34 4.99 15 2001 347 1216 7.725 7.608 0.116 3.4 66.33 0.00 16.4 3 3.26 5.50 8.47 16 2003 241 1216 7.724 7.608 0.116 4.5 85.91 0.00 7.25 1.52 1.36 3.96 17 2002 230 1207 7.722 7.608 0.114 4.5 85.24 0.00 7.19 1.51 2.13 3.93 18 2002 324 1236 7.719 7.608 0.111 3.3 66.89 0.00 17.0 7 3.38 3.85 8.80 19 2002 208 1302 7.714 7.608 0.106 4.1 83.27 0.00 7.71 1.62 3.18 4.22 20 2001 52 1235 7.713 7.608 0.105 3.0 64.03 0.00 17.98 3.56 5.17 9.27 21 2002 132 1267 7.709 7.608 0.101 3.4 82.33 0.00 9.19 1.93 1.52 5.03 22 2002 106 1206 7.707 7.608 0.099 2.7 61.50 0.00 19.1 8 3.80 5.62 9.89 23 2002 29 1210 7.706 7.608 0.098 3.3 66.72 0.00 17.03 3.38 4.09 8.78 24 2001 343 1207 7.704 7.608 0.096 3.4 66.36 0.00 16.4 4 3.26 5.47 8.48 25

### Ranked Daily Visibility Change for Sipsey (Top 20 D ays for Each Year)

% of Modeled Extinction by Species

YEAR DAY REC DV(Total) DV(BKG) DELTA DV F(RH) %_SO4 %_NO3 %_OC %_EC %_PMC %_PMF Ranking 2001 257 1110 7.867 7.552 0.315 3.9 83.3 0 8.11 1.7 2.46 4.44 1 2001 204 1201 7.861 7.552 0.309 3.9 83.23 0 8.1 1.7 2.53 4.43 2 2001 256 1147 7.803 7.552 0.251 3.9 83.52 0 8.13 1. 71 2.19 4.45 3 2001 203 1065 7.776 7.552 0.224 3.9 84.28 0 8.2 1.7 2 1.3 4.49 4 2001 215 1201 7.748 7.552 0.196 3.9 83.38 0 8.11 1. 7 2.37 4.44 5 2001 171 1077 7.725 7.552 0.173 3.7 83.43 0 8.56 1. 8 1.53 4.68 6 2001 282 1204 7.704 7.552 0.153 3.6 69.95 0 16.36 3 .24 2.01 8.44 7 2001 318 1147 7.694 7.552 0.142 3.3 66.45 0 16.96 3 .36 4.48 8.74 8 2001 172 1204 7.683 7.552 0.131 3.7 83.19 0 8.53 1. 79 1.81 4.67 9 2001 274 1092 7.664 7.552 0.112 3.9 82.74 0 8.05 1. 69 3.11 4.41 10 2001 317 1058 7.662 7.552 0.11 3.3 67.87 0 17.32 3. 43 2.45 8.93 11 2001 213 1147 7.661 7.552 0.109 3.9 84.14 0 8.19 1. 72 1.47 4.48 12 2001 250 1147 7.651 7.552 0.099 3.9 82.95 0 8.07 1. 7 2.86 4.42 13 2001 304 1165 7.649 7.552 0.098 3.6 69.75 0 16.32 3 .23 2.28 8.41 14 2001 218 1204 7.647 7.552 0.095 3.9 84.32 0 8.21 1. 72 1.26 4.49 15 2001 311 1092 7.642 7.552 0.09 3.3 66.81 0 17.05 3. 38 3.97 8.79 16 2001 292 1147 7.641 7.552 0.089 3.6 68.38 0 16 3.17 4.21 8.25 17 2001 79 1201 7.615 7.552 0.063 2.9 62.25 0 18.08 3. 58 6.77 9.32 18 2001 338 1204 7.614 7.552 0.062 3.4 66.29 0 16.42 3 .26 5.56 8.47 19 2001 214 1065 7.61 7.552 0.058 3.9 84.39 0 8.21 1.7 2 1.18 4.49 20

2002 252 1201 7.832 7.552 0.28 3.9 82.73 0 8.05 1.6 9 3.12 4.4 1 2002 246 1147 7.823 7.552 0.271 3.9 82.95 0 8.07 1. 7 2.87 4.42 2 2002 250 1147 7.753 7.552 0.201 3.9 84.41 0 8.22 1. 73 1.15 4.49 3 2002 172 1204 7.735 7.552 0.183 3.7 82.6 0 8.47 1.7 8 2.51 4.64 4 2002 273 1092 7.723 7.552 0.172 3.9 83.23 0 8.1 1.7 2.54 4.43 5 2002 245 1067 7.71 7.552 0.158 3.9 82.76 0 8.05 1.6 9 3.08 4.41 6 2002 344 1065 7.696 7.552 0.144 3.4 68.45 0 16.96 3 .36 2.49 8.74 7 2002 171 1147 7.696 7.552 0.144 3.7 83.81 0 8.6 1.8 1 1.09 4.7 8 2002 270 1129 7.687 7.552 0.135 3.9 83.48 0 8.12 1. 71 2.25 4.44 9 2002 242 1067 7.685 7.552 0.133 3.9 82.8 0 8.06 1.6 9 3.05 4.41 10 2002 297 1060 7.678 7.552 0.127 3.6 69.2 0 16.19 3. 21 3.05 8.35 11 2002 345 1199 7.674 7.552 0.122 3.4 66.7 0 16.52 3. 28 4.99 8.52 12 2002 244 1201 7.669 7.552 0.117 3.9 83 0 8.08 1.7 2 .81 4.42 13 2002 243 1067 7.663 7.552 0.111 3.9 82.61 0 8.04 1. 69 3.27 4.4 14 2002 251 1204 7.662 7.552 0.11 3.9 83.59 0 8.14 1.7 1 2.11 4.45 15 2002 221 1147 7.656 7.552 0.105 3.9 82.93 0 8.07 1. 69 2.89 4.42 16 2002 189 1147 7.655 7.552 0.103 3.9 83.98 0 8.17 1. 72 1.66 4.47 17 2002 218 1065 7.64 7.552 0.088 3.9 83.11 0 8.09 1.7 2.68 4.43 18 2002 175 1204 7.635 7.552 0.083 3.7 83.12 0 8.53 1. 79 1.9 4.66 19 2002 162 1147 7.633 7.552 0.081 3.7 83.71 0 8.59 1. 8 1.21 4.7 20

2003 261 1067 7.963 7.552 0.411 3.9 83.18 0 8.09 1. 7 2.6 4.43 1 2003 250 1201 7.795 7.552 0.243 3.9 83.18 0 8.09 1. 7 2.6 4.43 2 2003 348 1201 7.71 7.552 0.159 3.4 66.01 0 16.35 3. 24 5.97 8.43 3 2003 256 1204 7.704 7.552 0.152 3.9 83.66 0 8.14 1. 71 2.04 4.45 4 2003 284 1063 7.69 7.552 0.138 3.6 69.77 0 16.32 3. 24 2.25 8.42 5 2003 251 1066 7.674 7.552 0.122 3.9 82.88 0 8.07 1. 69 2.94 4.41 6 2003 175 1147 7.661 7.552 0.11 3.7 83 0 8.51 1.79 2 .05 4.66 7 2003 285 1067 7.654 7.552 0.102 3.6 68.14 0 15.94 3 .16 4.55 8.22 8 2003 207 1147 7.652 7.552 0.1 3.9 84.09 0 8.18 1.72 1.53 4.48 9 2003 315 1067 7.63 7.552 0.078 3.3 65.98 0 16.84 3. 34 5.16 8.68 10 2003 307 1058 7.628 7.552 0.076 3.3 67.29 0 17.17 3 .4 3.28 8.85 11 2003 227 1147 7.618 7.552 0.067 3.9 83.7 0 8.15 1.7 1 1.98 4.46 12 2003 74 1147 7.614 7.552 0.063 2.9 64.49 0 18.73 3. 71 3.41 9.66 13 2003 208 1204 7.61 7.552 0.058 3.9 84.43 0 8.22 1.7 3 1.14 4.5 14 2003 239 1147 7.598 7.552 0.047 3.9 84.1 0 8.18 1.7 2 1.52 4.48 15 2003 268 1129 7.589 7.552 0.037 3.9 84.84 0 8.26 1. 73 0.66 4.52 16 2003 269 1204 7.585 7.552 0.033 3.9 84.4 0 8.21 1.7 2 1.16 4.49 17 2003 257 1204 7.585 7.552 0.033 3.9 84.38 0 8.21 1. 72 1.19 4.49 18 2003 238 1147 7.585 7.552 0.033 3.9 83.98 0 8.17 1. 72 1.66 4.47 19 2003 235 1092 7.583 7.552 0.031 3.9 83.91 0 8.17 1. 71 1.74 4.47 20

### Ranked Daily Visibility Change for Sipsey (Top 25 D ays Over Three Years)

% of Modeled Extinction by Species

YEAR DAY REC DV(Total) DV(BKG) DELTA DV F(RH) %_SO4 %_NO3 %_OC %_EC %_PMC %_PMF Ranking 2003 261 1067 7.963 7.552 0.411 3.9 83.18 0.00 8.09 1.70 2.60 4.43 1 2001 257 1110 7.867 7.552 0.315 3.9 83.30 0.00 8.11 1.70 2.46 4.44 2 2001 204 1201 7.861 7.552 0.309 3.9 83.23 0.00 8.10 1.70 2.53 4.43 3 2002 252 1201 7.832 7.552 0.280 3.9 82.73 0.00 8.05 1.69 3.12 4.40 4 2002 246 1147 7.823 7.552 0.271 3.9 82.95 0.00 8.07 1.70 2.87 4.42 5 2001 256 1147 7.803 7.552 0.251 3.9 83.52 0.00 8.13 1.71 2.19 4.45 6 2003 250 1201 7.795 7.552 0.243 3.9 83.18 0.00 8.09 1.70 2.60 4.43 7 2001 203 1065 7.776 7.552 0.224 3.9 84.28 0.00 8.20 1.72 1.30 4.49 8 2002 250 1147 7.753 7.552 0.201 3.9 84.41 0.00 8.22 1.73 1.15 4.49 9 2001 215 1201 7.748 7.552 0.196 3.9 83.38 0.00 8.11 1.70 2.37 4.44 10 2002 172 1204 7.735 7.552 0.183 3.7 82.60 0.00 8.47 1.78 2.51 4.64 11 2001 171 1077 7.725 7.552 0.173 3.7 83.43 0.00 8.56 1.80 1.53 4.68 12 2002 273 1092 7.723 7.552 0.172 3.9 83.23 0.00 8.10 1.70 2.54 4.43 13 2003 348 1201 7.710 7.552 0.159 3.4 66.01 0.00 16.3 5 3.24 5.97 8.43 14 2002 245 1067 7.710 7.552 0.158 3.9 82.76 0.00 8.05 1.69 3.08 4.41 15 2001 282 1204 7.704 7.552 0.153 3.6 69.95 0.00 16.3 6 3.24 2.01 8.44 16 2003 256 1204 7.704 7.552 0.152 3.9 83.66 0.00 8.14 1.71 2.04 4.45 17 2002 344 1065 7.696 7.552 0.144 3.4 68.45 0.00 16.9 6 3.36 2.49 8.74 18 2002 171 1147 7.696 7.552 0.144 3.7 83.81 0.00 8.60 1.81 1.09 4.70 19 2001 318 1147 7.694 7.552 0.142 3.3 66.45 0.00 16.9 6 3.36 4.48 8.74 20 2003 284 1063 7.690 7.552 0.138 3.6 69.77 0.00 16.3 2 3.24 2.25 8.42 21 2002 270 1129 7.687 7.552 0.135 3.9 83.48 0.00 8.12 1.71 2.25 4.44 22 2002 242 1067 7.685 7.552 0.133 3.9 82.80 0.00 8.06 1.69 3.05 4.41 23 2001 172 1204 7.683 7.552 0.131 3.7 83.19 0.00 8.53 1.79 1.81 4.67 24 2002 297 1060 7.678 7.552 0.127 3.6 69.20 0.00 16.1 9 3.21 3.05 8.35 25