NOT FOR PUBLICATION

UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS

FOR THE NINTH CIRCUIT

DIDI LIN,

Petitioner,

v.

MERRICK B. GARLAND, Attorney General,

Respondent.

No. 22-1372

Agency No.

A208-480-434

MEMORANDUM*

On Petition for Review of an Order of the

Board of Immigration Appeals

Submitted October 3, 2023**

Honolulu, Hawaii

Before: BERZON, MILLER, and VANDYKE, Circuit Judges.

Didi Lin, a citizen of China, petitions for review of a Board of Immigration 

Appeals (“BIA”) decision affirming the immigration judge’s (“IJ”) denial of his 

*This disposition is not appropriate for publication and is not precedent except 

as provided by Ninth Circuit Rule 36-3.

** The panel unanimously concludes this case is suitable for decision without 

oral argument. See Fed. R. App. P. 34(a)(2).

FILED

OCT 16 2023

MOLLY C. DWYER, CLERK

U.S. COURT OF APPEALS
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application for asylum and withholding of removal under the Immigration and 

Nationality Act (“INA”). We deny the petition for review.1 

“Where, as here, the BIA reviewed the IJ’s credibility-based decision for 

clear error and ‘relied upon the IJ’s opinion as a statement of reasons’ but ‘did not 

merely provide a boilerplate opinion,’ we look to the IJ’s oral decision as a guide 

to what lay behind the BIA’s conclusion.” Dong v. Garland, 50 F.4th 1291, 1296 

(9th Cir. 2022) (internal quotation marks omitted) (quoting Lai v. Holder, 773 F.3d 

966, 970 (9th Cir. 2014)). “In so doing, we review here the reasons explicitly 

identified by the BIA, and then examine the reasoning articulated in the IJ’s oral 

decision in support of those reasons.” Id. (internal quotation marks omitted) 

(quoting Lai, 773 F.3d at 970). “We review factual findings, including adverse 

credibility determinations, for substantial evidence.” Garcia v. Holder, 749 F.3d 

785, 789 (9th Cir. 2014). Under the substantial evidence standard, factual findings 

are “conclusive unless any reasonable adjudicator would be compelled to conclude 

to the contrary.” Iman v. Barr, 972 F.3d 1058, 1064 (9th Cir. 2020) (internal 

quotation marks omitted) (quoting Silva-Pereira v. Lynch, 827 F.3d 1176, 1184 

(9th Cir. 2016)).

1 The stay of removal remains in place until the mandate issues.
3

1. Lin’s travel to Europe and return to China before entering the United 

States constitute substantial evidence undermining his credibility. An individual’s 

voluntary return to the country of alleged persecution after failing to seek asylum 

elsewhere may undermine the credibility of his testimony concerning past 

persecution or fear of future persecution. See Jie Cui v. Holder, 712 F.3d 1332, 

1337 (9th Cir. 2013); Loho v. Mukasey, 531 F.3d 1016, 1018 (9th Cir. 2008). 

Lin’s failure to investigate the possibility of obtaining asylum in Europe, and his 

voluntary return to China shortly afterwards, therefore support the adverse 

credibility finding. Jie Cui, 712 F.3d at 1338. 

2. Discrepancies between Lin’s testimony and his wife’s tubal ligation 

certificate also support the adverse credibility finding. The ligation certificate lists 

a different hospital than the one where Lin testified the surgery occurred. 

Furthermore, the document was apparently acquired months after the sterilization, 

but lists the date of the procedure rather than that of the document’s acquisition. 

The IJ provided Lin with an opportunity to explain those inconsistencies. 

Barseghyan v. Garland, 39 F.4th 1138, 1143 (9th Cir. 2022). Lin provided some 

explanation for the discrepancy, but the IJ provided a “specific and cogent reason 

for rejecting” it. Id. (internal quotation marks omitted) (quoting Rizk v. Holder, 

629 F.3d 1083, 1088 (9th Cir. 2011)). The BIA affirmed the IJ’s conclusion.
4

Accordingly, the inconsistencies between the ligation certificate and Lin’s 

testimony further support the BIA’s adverse credibility ruling.

3. The two factors already discussed, taken together, constitute substantial 

evidence supporting the adverse credibility finding. See Alam v. Garland, 11 F.4th 

1133, 1137 (9th Cir. 2021) (en banc). We therefore need not address whether the 

BIA properly relied on the false statements on Lin’s visa application as also 

indicating a lack of credibility. 

In sum, as the record does not compel this court to conclude Lin was 

credible, substantial evidence supports the agency’s denial of his application for 

asylum and withholding of removal for failure to satisfy the necessary burden of 

proof.

PETITION DENIED.