II 

Calendar No. 654 

118TH CONGRESS 

2D SESSION S. 4419 

[Report No. 118–253] 

To require the Science and Technology Directorate in the Department of 

Homeland Security to develop greater capacity to detect, identify, and 

disrupt illicit substances in very low concentrations. 

IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES 

MAY 23, 2024 

Mr. CORNYN (for himself, Mr. OSSOFF, Ms. SINEMA, Mr. LANKFORD, Ms. 

ROSEN, Mr. MORAN, and Mr. WARNOCK) introduced the following bill; 

which was read twice and referred to the Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs 

DECEMBER 2, 2024 

Reported by Mr. PETERS, with an amendment and an amendment to the title 

[Strike out all after the enacting clause and insert the part printed in italic] 

A BILL 

To require the Science and Technology Directorate in the 

Department of Homeland Security to develop greater 

capacity to detect, identify, and disrupt illicit substances 

in very low concentrations. 

1 Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa2 tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 


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•S 4419 RS

1 SECTION 1. SHORT TITLES. 

2 This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Detection Equipment 

3 and Technology Evaluation to Counter the Threat of 

4 Fentanyl and Xylazine Act of 2024’’ or the ‘‘DETECT 

5 Fentanyl and Xylazine Act of 2024’’. 

6 SEC. 2. ENHANCING THE CAPACITY TO DETECT, IDENTIFY, 

7 AND DISRUPT DRUGS SUCH AS FENTANYL 

8 AND XYLAZINE. 

9 Section 302 of the Homeland Security Act of 2002 

10 (6 U.S.C. 182) is amended— 

11 (1) in paragraph (13), by striking ‘‘and’’ at the 

12 end; 

13 (2) in paragraph (14), by striking the period at 

14 the end and inserting ‘‘; and’’; and 

15 (3) by adding at the end the following: 

16 ‘‘(15) carrying out research, development, test17 ing, evaluation, and cost-benefit analyses to improve 

18 the safety, effectiveness, and efficiency of equipment 

19 and reference libraries for use by Federal, State, 

20 local, and Tribal law enforcement agencies for the 

21 accurate detection of drugs or the disruption of drug 

22 trafficking for drugs such as fentanyl and xylazine, 

23 including, but not limited to— 

24 ‘‘(A) portable equipment that can detect 

25 and identify drugs with minimal or no handling 

26 of the sample; 


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•S 4419 RS

1 ‘‘(B) equipment that can separate complex 

2 mixtures containing low concentrations of drugs 

3 and high concentrations of cutting agents into 

4 their component parts to enable signature ex5 traction for field identification and detection; 

6 and 

7 ‘‘(C) technologies that use machine learn8 ing or artificial intelligence (as defined in sec9 tion 5002 of the National Artificial Intelligence 

10 Initiative Act of 2020 (15 U.S.C. 9401)) and 

11 other techniques to predict whether the sub12 stances in a sample are controlled substance 

13 analogues or other new psychoactive substances 

14 not yet included in available reference librar15 ies.’’. 

16 SEC. 3. REQUIREMENTS. 

17 In carrying out section 302(15) of the Homeland Se18 curity Act of 2002, as added by section 2, the Under Sec19 retary for Science and Technology shall— 

20 (1) follow the recommendations, guidelines, and 

21 best practices described in the Artificial Intelligence 

22 Risk Management Framework (NIST AI 100–1) or 

23 any successor document published by the National 

24 Institute of Standards and Technology; and 


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1 (2) establish the Directorate of Science and 

2 Technology’s research, development, testing, evalua3 tion, and cost-benefit analysis priorities under such 

4 section 302(15) based on the latest available infor5 mation, including the latest State and Territory Re6 port on Enduring and Emerging Threats published 

7 by the Drug Enforcement Administration or any 

8 successor document. 

9 SECTION 1. SHORT TITLES. 

10 This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Detection Equipment 

11 and Technology Evaluation to Counter the Threat of 

12 Fentanyl and Xylazine Act of 2024’’ or the ‘‘DETECT 

13 Fentanyl and Xylazine Act of 2024’’. 

14 SEC. 2. ENHANCING THE CAPACITY TO DETECT AND IDEN15 TIFY DRUGS SUCH AS FENTANYL AND 

16 XYLAZINE. 

17 Section 302 of the Homeland Security Act of 2002 (6 

18 U.S.C. 182) is amended— 

19 (1) in paragraph (13), by striking ‘‘and’’ at the 

20 end; 

21 (2) in paragraph (14), by striking the period at 

22 the end and inserting ‘‘; and’’; and 

23 (3) by adding at the end the following: 

24 ‘‘(15) carrying out research, development, test25 ing, evaluation, and cost-benefit analyses to improve 


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1 the safety, effectiveness, and efficiency of equipment 

2 and the effectiveness and efficiency of reference librar3 ies for use by Federal, State, local, Tribal, and terri4 torial law enforcement agencies for the accurate detec5 tion of drugs, such as fentanyl and xylazine, includ6 ing— 

7 ‘‘(A) portable equipment that can detect 

8 and identify drugs with minimal or no handling 

9 of the sample; 

10 ‘‘(B) equipment that can separate complex 

11 mixtures containing low concentrations of drugs 

12 and high concentrations of cutting agents into 

13 their component parts to enable signature extrac14 tion for field identification and detection; and 

15 ‘‘(C) technologies that use machine learning 

16 or artificial intelligence (as defined in section 

17 5002 of the National Artificial Intelligence Ini18 tiative Act of 2020 (15 U.S.C. 9401)) and other 

19 techniques to predict whether the substances in a 

20 sample are controlled substance analogues or 

21 other new psychoactive substances not yet in22 cluded in available reference libraries.’’. 


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1 SEC. 3. REQUIREMENTS. 

2 In carrying out section 302(15) of the Homeland Secu3 rity Act of 2002, as added by section 2, the Under Secretary 

4 for Science and Technology shall— 

5 (1) follow the recommendations, guidelines, and 

6 best practices described in the Artificial Intelligence 

7 Risk Management Framework (NIST AI 100–1) or 

8 any successor document published by the National In9 stitute of Standards and Technology; and 

10 (2) establish the Directorate of Science and Tech11 nology’s research, development, testing, evaluation, 

12 and cost-benefit analysis priorities under such section 

13 302(15) based on the latest available information, in14 cluding specific drugs identified as threats in— 

15 (A) the latest Homeland Threat Assessment 

16 published by the Department of Homeland Secu17 rity; 

18 (B) the latest State and Territory Report on 

19 Enduring and Emerging Threats published by 

20 the Drug Enforcement Administration; or 

21 (C) any successor documents. 

22 SEC. 4. REPORT REGARDING FAILED ASSASSINATION AT23 TEMPT ON THE LIFE OF DONALD J. TRUMP. 

24 (a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 7 days after the date 

25 of enactment of this Act, the Director of the United States 

26 Secret Service shall submit to the appropriate congressional 


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1 committees a report that contains any and all information 

2 in the possession of the United States Secret Service relat3 ing to the failed assassination attempt on the life of Donald 

4 J. Trump in Butler, Pennsylvania, on July 13, 2024, in5 cluding— 

6 (1) the identity, motive, method, and actions of 

7 the shooter; 

8 (2) requests for additional resources or protective 

9 measures for Donald J. Trump, his campaign, his or10 ganization, or any entity involved in preparing for 

11 the event; 

12 (3) preparations for the event in Butler, Penn13 sylvania, by the United States Secret Service and 

14 other law enforcement entities; 

15 (4) response by United States Secret Service to 

16 the shooter; and 

17 (5) information on the ensuing investigation by 

18 the Federal Bureau of Investigation and any other in19 vestigating agency. 

20 (b) DEFINITION.—In this section, the term ‘‘appro21 priate congressional committees’’ means— 

22 (1) the Committee on Homeland Security and 

23 Governmental Affairs and the Committee on the Judi24 ciary of the Senate; and 


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1 (2) the Committee on Oversight and Account2 ability and the Committee on the Judiciary of the 

3 House of Representatives. 

4 SEC. 5. RULE OF CONSTRUCTION. 

5 Nothing in this Act may be construed to limit the au6 thority of agencies currently managing, overseeing, or other7 wise involved in drug equipment and reference libraries. 

Amend the title so as to read: ‘‘A bill to require the 

Science and Technology Directorate in the Department of 

Homeland Security to develop greater capacity to detect 

and identify illicit substances in very low concentrations.’’. 


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Calendar No. 654 

118TH CONGRESS 

2D SESSION S. 4419 

[Report No. 118–253] 

A BILL 

To require the Science and Technology Directorate 

rupt illicit substances in very low concentrations. velop greater capacity to detect, identify, and disin the Department of Homeland Security to deDECEMBER 2, 2024 

Reported with an amendment and an amendment to the 

title 


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