USAFA Discovery #1999-01 (Jan-Mar 99)

AIAA Paper 99-0933, 37" Aerospace Sciences
Meeting and Exhibit, Reno, NV, January 1999.

YECHOUT, T. R. and J.C. Dowty. “A Wind
Tunnel Investigation of the Incremental Drag
Associated with External Protuberances on the
AC-130H Gunship.” USAFA DFAN Report 99-
02 February 1999.

YECHOUT, T. R., C. B. Hammond, J. C.
Dowty and D. Timpson. “Setting the
Foundation for Flight Test - The AC-130U
Gunship Drag Reduction Program.” SAE/AIAA
Technical Paper 985632, 1998 SAE/AIAA World
Aviation Congress, September 1998.

ZUBER, M. E., M. C. Towne, A. J. Chen, J. J.
Bertin, and R. J. Butler. “Aerothermodynamic
Environment for a Generic Missile.” Journal of
Spacecraft and Rockets, January-February
1999, 36.1.

Presentations:

BAUGHN, J. W., J. E, Mayhew, R. B. Rivir, R.
J, Butler, A. R. Byerley. “A Laser Thermal
Tuft For Observing Flow Separation on a
Turbine Blade.” 1998 International Mechanical
Engineering Congress, Anaheim, CA, Nov 98.

BYERLEY, A. R. “Self Assessment in the
Department of Aeronautical Engineering at the
USAF Academy.” Mercer University Schoo! of
Engineering Faculty Forum, Macon, GA,
November 98.

DOWTY, J. C. and T. R. Yechout. “Drag
Reduction on the AC-130H Gunship.” Presented
to the Chief Engineer (Dr. Thomas Christian)
and staff of the AC-130H SPO, Warner Robbins
AFB, GA, January 1999.

GUY, Y, J. A. Morrow, and T. E. McLaughlin.
“Progress in Control of Delta Wing Vortex
Breakdown.” Invited presentation, University of
Arizona, Tucson, AZ, February 1999.

HAMMOND, C.B. “An Experimental Wind
Tunnel Investigation to Reduce the Drag on the
AC-130U Gunship.” 37* AIAA Aerospace
Sciences Meeting, January 1999.

MCLAUGHLIN, T.E., and M.G. Brown.
“Modular Airborne Fire Fighting System
Modeling and Modification.” Presented to the
302 ALWICC, USAFA CO, November 1998.

YECHOUT, T. R. and J. C. Dowty. “AC-130U
Drag Reduction.” Presented to the AFSOC
Staff, Hurlburt Field, FL, January 1999.

YECHOUT, T. R., E. Gilbert, and J. C. Dowty.
“AC-130H Drag Reduction Program.” Presented
to the AFSOC/CC - MGen Holland, USAFA CO,
October 1998.

YECHOUT, T. R. “A Drag Reduction Effort to
Improve the Operational Capability of the
AFSOC Gunship Fleet.” USAFA AIAA Student
Chapter Invited Presentation, USAFA, CO,
September 1998.

Department of Astronautics
Publications:

BELLE, G. B., T. D. Powell, P. D. Martzen, S.
B. Sedlacek, and C. Chao, “GPS Signals in a
Geosynchronous Transfer Orbit: “Falcon Gold”
Data Processing.” Proceedings of the Institute
of Navigation (ION) 1999 Technical Meeting,
San Diego, California, January 1999.

Presentations:

BELLE, G.B. and B. C. Chesley, “Falcon
Gold: The Air Force Academy's GPS Flight
Experiment.” Core Technologies for Space,
Colorado Springs, Colorado, November 1998.

CHESLEY, B.C., “FalconSat: The Air Force
Academy Small Satellite Program.” Invited
Presentation, Core Technologies for Space
Symposium, United States Space Foundation,
Colorado Springs, Colorado, November 1998,

CHESLEY, B.C., “Developing an Integrated
Curriculum for Small Satellite Design.”
American Society of Engineering Educators
Annual Conference, Colorado Springs,
Colorado, June 1998.

CINNAMON, J.D., “An Analysis of Rod
Penetration Of Semi-Infinite Targets Using An
Average Pressure Estimate.” 1999 American
Society of Mechanical Engineers Pressure
Vessels and Piping Conference, August 1998.

LISOWSKI, R.L., A.T. Chamillard, and R.R.
Young, “Using Ada in Non-Computer Science
Majors. “ SIGAda '98, 8-12, Washington, DC.,
November 1998.

Department of Behavioral Sciences and
Leadership

Publications:
BERGER, R.C., Jones, S.K., & Carlson, K.

Instructor Guide for M. H. Ashcraft’s
Fundamentals of Cognition, 1998.

5
GIBB, R. W. Aviation Psychology. McGraw-
Hill Companies, Inc., Primis Custom Publishing,
New York, NY, 1998.

GIBB, R. W. “Undergraduate human factors
curriculum and introductory human factors
course content. “ Proceedings of the Human
Factors and Ergonomics Society 424 Annual
Meeting. Santa Monica, CA, 1998.

HENDRIX, W.H., J. D. Rueb, and R. P. Steele,
“Sexual Harassment and Gender Differences.”

Journal of Social Behavior and Personality Fall
1998.

HICKOX, J.C., Turner, S.L. & Aretz, A.
“Technology in the classroom: a web-based
approach to teaching advanced human factors.”
Proceedings of the 42nd Annual Meeting of the
Human Factors and Ergonomics Society. Santa
Monica, CA: Human Factors Society, 1998.

KERN, T. & Gibb, R. W. Mentoring flight
discipline. InT. Kern, (Ed.), Flight Discipline.
McGraw-Hill, New York, NY, 1998.

MCCOY, S. & Porter, D.B. “Moral Judgments:
influences and effects.” Proceedings: Sixteenth
Applied Behavioral Sciences Symposium.
USAFA-TR 98-1, 1996.

PORTER, D.B. “Educational Outcomes
Assessment: the good, the bad, and the ugly.”
Adult Assessment Forum; Journal of Quality
Management in Adult-Centered Education. Vol
Vill, 2, 1998.

PORTER, D.B. “The integrality of assessment
in Indicators of Success in Postsecondary
SMET Education: Shapes of the Future.”
Synthesis and Proceedings of the Third Annual
NISE Forum. (S.B. Millar, Ed.) University of
Wisconsin-Madison: National Institute for
Science Education. 95-100, 1998.

PORTER, D.B. & Eisenhut S.M. “An Integrated
Approach to Educational Outcomes
Assessment” The Best of Adult Assessment
Forum 1991-1997. Phoenix AZ: The Phoenix
Institute, 1998.

PORTER, D.B. & Sergel, D.G. “Institutional
Assessment: the Indispensability of Diversity.”
Proceedings: Sixteenth Applied Behavioral
Sciences Symposium. USAFA-TR 98-1, 1998.

PROCHASKA, F. J., Aretz, A. J., & Berger,
R.C. Enhancing course and curriculum design
through better problem solving. Proceedings of



USAFA Discovery #1999-01 (Jan-Mar 99)

HEPPARD, K.A. “A guide for academic writers
and reviewers.” In Scholarly Writing: A Guide for
Authors. A.S. Huff (Ed.), November 1998.

STRBIAK C. A. and Blass, F.R.. “Air
expeditionary force: An integrative (Air Force)
management exercise.” Refereed Proceedings
of the 40 Annual Mountain Plains Management
Conference, Denver, October 1998.

PARCO, J.E., DAVIS, K.J. and GREEN, S.G.
“The U.S. Defense Landscape: From Extreme
Competitive Advantage to Commoditization.”
Proceedings of the Western Economics
International Conference, Lake Tahoe, Nevada,
duly 1998,

Presentations:

BARKER, J.R. ‘The Scholarship of Phil
Tompkins: 1989 to the Present.” National
Communication Association, New York,
November 1998.

BARKER, J.R. “Collaborating for High
Performance.” Third Annual Conference on
High Performance Organizations, Consortium
for High Performance, University of Colorado,
Colorado Springs, CO, November 1998.

CHESLEY, J.A., Wenger M.S. and Hall, K. R.
“Balancing the 'Balanced Scorecard’: The
Recursive Adaptation of a Strategic
Management and Performance Measurement
Model.” Strategic Management Society Annual
Conference, Orlando FL, November 1998,

JENNINGS, W.W. “Institutional Ownership and
Firm Valuation: Evidence on Monitoring.”
Financial Management Association national
meeting, Chicago, IL, October 1998.

JENNINGS, W.W. “Further Evidence on
Institutional Ownership and Corporate Value.”
Special invitation from program committee.
Southern Finance Association Conference,
Marco Island, FL, November 1998.

KING, D.R. “Encouraging Active Student
Learning: Making Investing Relevant and Real,”
1s Annual Pikes Peak Educational Innovations
and Research Symposium, USAFA, CO,
January 1999.

KING, D.R. “Interpreting Shadows: Arms
Control and Defense Planning in a Rapidly
Changing Multi-Polar World.” Institute for
National Security Studies 6" Annual Research

Results Conference, USAFA, CO, November
1998.

PARCO, J.E. “Excellence in Classroom
Teaching.” 40 Annual Mountain Plains
Management Conference, Denver, October
1998.

STRBIAK, C. A., and Paul J. “All that glitters is
not gold: Cognitive structure development and
student performance in management
education.” 1998 Best Paper in Innovative
Design Award, Management Education and
Development Division, Academy of
Management, San Diego, August 1998.

STRBIAK, C.A. “Power & Systems.” Pikes Peak
Region Chapter of the Project Management
Institute, Colorado Springs, CO, October 1998.

THORNTON, J.M. “God scores a '4' on the DIT:
Arguments for Lower Stages of Ethical
Development as Optimal for the Public
Accounting Profession.” American Accounting
Association's Annual Meeting, New Orleans,
August 1998.

Consultations:

GREEN, S.G., J.K. Lowe, and Baker S.F.
“Olympic Performance-Based Budgeting:
Improving Resource Management at U.S.
Swimming,” U.S. Olympic Facility, Colorado
Springs, CO. January 1999.

Department of Mathematical Sciences
Presentations:

HALL, D. “Efficient Incorporation and
Assessment of Written Assignments in to Large
Math Courses.” Colorado Council of Teachers
of Mathematics 1998 Annual Conference,
Denver, CO, October 1998.

NEWTON, H. N., and R. M. Block. “25%
Manpower (UMD) Reductions at Air Force
Management Headquarters.” 1998 Air Force
Operations Research Symposium, USAFA, CO,
October 1998.

SJODEN, G. “Adaptive Discrete Ordinates
Ditferencing.” CEA Conference on Paralle!
Transport, France, October 1998.

WARNER, B. A., and M. Revak. “A Sampling
from Statistics.” Colorado Council of Teachers
of Mathematics 1998 Annual Conference,
Denver, CO October 1998.

10
Publications:

SCHOOFF, R. Risk Modeling, Assessment, and
Management, Chapter 16. New York, 1998.

CLASEN, R. J., and D. Hall. “Web-based
Mathematica Projects for Calculus.” Proceeding
from Association for Advancement of
Computing in Education, 1998.

HOLCOMB, T. D., and J. Haefner. ‘The Picard
Group of a Structural Matrix Algebra.” Journal of
Linear Algebra and its Applications, 1998.

NEWTON, H. N., C. Barnhart, and P. Vance.
“Constructing Railroad Blocking Plans to
Minimize Handling Costs.” Transportation
Science 1998.

WARNER, B. A., and J. Rutledge. “Checking
the Chips Ahoy Guarantee.” Chance. 12. 1.
1999.

WARNER, B. A., and M. Revak. “Meet me in
the middle.” Mathematics Teacher. 12.1. 1999.

Department of Physics
Publications:

TAKEKOSHI, T., B.M. Patterson, R.J. Knize,
“Observation of Optically Trapped Cold Cesium
Molecules”, Physical Review Letters, December
1998.

BOROVSKY, J., M.F. Thomsen, D.J.
McComas, T.E. Cayton, D.J. Knipp,
“Magnetospheric dynamics and mass flow
during the November 1993 storm,” J. Geophys.
Res, November 1998.

KOZYRA, J.U., V.K. Jordanova, J.E.
Borovosky, M.F. Thomsen, D.J. Knipp, D.S.
Evans, D.J. McComas, T.E. Cayton, “Effects
of a high-density plasma sheet on ring current
development during the November 2-6 1993,
magnetic storm,” J. Geophys. Res, November
1998.

LUI, A.T.Y., D.J. Williams, R.W. McEntire,
S.P. Christon, A.B, Gavin, D.J. Knipp,
“Energetic lon composition and charge state of
solar wind plasma during the November 3,
1993, magnetic storm,” J. Geophys. Res,
November 1998.

MCALLISTER, A.H., D.J. Knipp, N.U. Crooker,
T. Mukai, S. Kokubun, “Identification of solar


USAFA Discovery #1999-01 (Jan-Mar 99)

Management Unit?” Central Management Unit
Mourning Dove Workshop, Lawton, OK, Feb 99.

Department of Chemistry
Publications:

MORGAN, M. E., and J. R. Amend, “Making
Chemical Measurements Using the LabWorks
Interface and a Handheld Graphing Calculator.”
The Chemical Educator October 1998.

Presentations:

CASTLE, P. J., L. D. Strawser, and K. E.
Goeringer. “The Chemistry Department's Role
in Teaching Ethics at USAFA.” 15th Biennial
Conference on Chemical Education of the
Division of Chemical Education of the American
Chemical Society Waterloo, Ontario, Canada 9
August 1998.

LEE, S.S., and L. P, Zawada. “The Combined
Use of Modeling, Chemical Analysis and
Morphological Observations to Derive the
Degradation Mechanisms in a Continuous
Nicalon Fiber Reinforced Ceramic Composite
Containing Boron.” Gordon Research
Conference on Solid State Studies and
Ceramics, Meridan, NH, 2 August 1998.

RACICOT, R. J., and J. S. Wilkes. “USAFA's
Material Science Program.” Materials Research
Society Meeting, Boston, MA, 4 December 98.

SEMKEN, S. A. “Rooted in the Earth:
Culturally-Integrated, Place-Based Teaching.”
Geological Society of America Meeting Toronto,
Canada, 1 October 1998.

WILKES, J. S. “Chemistry Of and In Room
Temperature lonic Liquids.” Department of
Chemistry, University of Mississippi, Oxford,
MS, 16 October 1998.

WILKES, J. S. “Chemistry Of and in Room
Temperature lonic Liquids.” Dept of Chemistry,
University of Alabama Tuscaloosa, AL, 15
October 1998.

WILKES, J. S. “Nonlinear Optical Molten
Salts.” Dept of Chemistry, State University of
NY at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, 26 October 1998.
Department of Computer Science
Publications:

YOUNG, R. R., K. Bauer and J. Shedden.
“Multivariate Analysis and Statistical Process

Control for Steering Wheel Manufacturing.”
Quality Engineering Journal October 1998.

CHAMILLARD, A. T., R. J. Lisowski and R. R.
Young. “Using Ada in Non-CS Majors.”
Proceedings of the ACM SIGAda Annual
Intemational Conference (SIGAda ‘98) Nov 98.

SURDU, J. R., G. D. Haines and U. W. Pooch,
“OpSim: A Purpose-Built Distributed Simulation
for the Mission Operational Environment.”
Proceedings of the 1999 international
Conference on Web-Based Modeling and
Simulation, January 1999.

Presentations:

CHAMILLARD, A. T., R. J. Lisowski and R. R.
Young. “Using Ada in Non-CS Majors.” ACM
SIGAda Annual International Conference,
November 98.

SURDU, J. R., G. D. Haines and U. W. Pooch.
“OpSim: A Purpose-Built Distributed Simulation
for the Mission Operational Environment.” 1999
International Conference on Web-Based
Modeling and Simulation, January 1999.

Carlisle, M. C. “RAPID: A Free, Portable GUI
Design Tool.” ACM SIGAda Annual Inter-
national Conference, November 1998.

Department of Economics and
Geography

Publications:

ALEXEEV, MLV. and R.C. Sikorra. “Comparing
Post-Cold War Military Conversion in the United
States and Russia.” Contemporary Economic
Policy October 1998.

Presentations:

CARSON, K.S. “Discrete-Choice Modeling of
Environmental Security. “1998 INSS Research
Results Conference. USAFA, CO, Nov 98.

GRELSON, E.F. “A Climatology of Aircraft Icing
Condition Probabilities Based on Historical
Radiosonde Data.” 1999 Meeting of the Amer-
ican Meteorological Society. Dallas, TX, Jan 99.

HARRIS, J.W., Hart, K.A. and B.E. Heckman.
“The Integration of Educational Technologies in
a Multidiscipline Geosciences Course.” 1999
Meeting of the American Meteorological
Society. Dallas, TX, January 1999.

7
HARRIS, J.W., Hart, K.A. and B.E. Heckman.
“Using Focus Groups and Small Group
Instructional Diagnosis Methods to Evaluate a
Higher Education Courses.” 1999 Meeting of the
American Meteorological Society. Dallas, TX,
January 1999.

HAVERLUK, T.W. “Landscapes of Capsicum.”
1998 Conference of Latin American Geography.
Santa Fe, NM, October 1998.

LINSTER, B.G., R.L. Fullerton, S. Slate, and
M.J. McKee. “Rent-seeking for Public Goods:
Experimental Evidence.” 1998 North American
Meetings of the Economic Science Association.
Tucson, AZ, October 1998.

MULLIN, R.D. and G.E. Sohan. “Assessing the
Benefits of Classroom Economics Experiments.”
1998 North American Meetings of the Economic
Science Association. Tucson, AZ, October
1998,

RAPPAPORT, NJ. “Assessing the World
Financial Crisis.” Institute of Management
Accountants, Rocky Mountain Regional Council.
Denver, CO, January 1999.

WEST, J.E. and B.G. Linster. “Competing
Strategy Types in Repeated Duopoly Games.”
1998 North American Meetings of the Economic
Science Association. Tucson, AZ, October
1998,

Department of Electrical Engineering
Publications:

BARRETT, S.F., D.J. Pack, G.W.P. York, P.J.
Neal, R.D. Fogg, E.K. Doskocz, S.A.
Stefanov, P.C. Neal, C.H.G. Wright, A.R.
Klayton. “Student-centered Educational Tools
for the Digital Systems Curriculum.” 1998 ASEE
Annual Conference, Seattle, WA, June 1998.

DEGRAAF, P.W., C.H.G. Wright, M.J. Walker,
and T.B. Welch. “An Integrated Approach to
Teaching Engineering Courses.” Proceedings of
the 1998 ASEE Annual Conference, Seattle,
WA, June 1998.

DEGRAAF, P.W. and J.S. Lehnert,
“Performance Comparison of a Slotted ALOHA
DS/SSMA Network and a Multichannel Narrow-
Band Slotted ALOHA Network.” IEEE Trans-
actions on Communications, 46.4. April 1998.

DEGRAAF, P.W., S.F. Barrett, and C.H.G.
Wright. “A Method to Control Irradiation Time
for Laser Photocoagulation on the Retina.”



USAFA Discovery #1999-01 (Jan-Mar 99)

the Sixteenth Biennial Applied Behavioral
Sciences Symposium, 282-285, 1998.

SCHREIBER, B.T., Wickens C.D., Renner,
G.T,, Alton, J., Hickox, J.C. “Navigational
checking using 3D maps: The influence of
elevation angle, azimuth, and foreshortening. “
Human Factors,40,209-222, 1998.

SHILLING, R.D., Wightman, D., Couch M.,
Beutler, R. and Letowski, T. “The Use of
Spatialized Auditory Displays in an Aviation
Simulation.” Proceedings of the 16th Applied
Behavioral Sciences Symposium, Colorado
Springs, CO, 1998.

SHILLING, R.D. , Letowski, T.. Wightman, D.,
& Storms R. ‘Tri-service cooperation in
advanced auditory display research.”
Proceedings of the 40th Department of Defense
Human Factors Engineering Technical Advisory
Group Meeting, Alexandria, Va., 1998.

UTTAL, W. R. and Gibb, R. W. On the
psychophysics of night vision goggles. In R.
Hoffman, ed., Remote Sensing.

Presentations:

DEANGELIS, D., Shilling R.D., Rupert A., &
McGrath, B. “Using 3-D Auditory Cues ina
Rotary-Motion Environment.” Poster presented
at the 16th Applied Behavioral Sciences
Symposium, Colorado Springs, CO, April 1998.

DRUMMOND, J.T. “Relationships Between
Cognitive Hardiness, Perceived Stress, De-
pression, and Academic Performance.” Poster
presented at the 16th Applied Behavioral
Sciences Symposium, USAFA, CO, April 1998.

DRUMMOND, J.T. “Cognitive Hardiness and
Performance, Illness, and Neuroendocrine/Car-
diovascular Function in UH-1 Pilots.” Poster at
24th Intemational Congress of Applied
Psychology, San Francisco, CA, Aug 98.

PORTER D.B. “The integrality of assessment.”
National Institute for Science Education
National Workshop No. 6. Washington, DC, 23
February 1998.

PORTER D.B. “Fundamentals of educational

outcomes assessment.” American Association
of Colleges and Schools of Business National
Conference on Assessment. Nashville, TN, 16
March 1998.

PORTER D.B. “Educational Outcomes
Assessment: What, Why, and How?”

Preconference Workshop. Sixth Annual
Colorado Higher Education Assessment
Conference. Golden CO, 9 April 1998.

PORTER, D.B. “Using your temperament to
enhance counseling effectiveness.” Workshop
for Annual USAFA Flight Specialist Training.
USAF Academy, CO, 18 May 1998.

PORTER, D.B. ‘The inspiration and develop-
ment of future leaders.” Civil Air Patrol Regional
Workshop. USAFA, CO, 10 July, 1998.

PORTER D.B. “Using Assessment to Enhance
Educational Effectiveness.” Workshop for St
Louis Community College System. St Louis,
MO, 29 June 1998

PORTER, D.B. “Learning Organizations as a
Framework for Individual and Organizational
Development.” Workshop for United States
Automobile Association, Organizational
Development Directorate. San Antonio TX, 21
July 1998,

PORTER, D.B. “Using Assessment to Enhance
Educational Effectiveness.” Workshop for
School of Business, University of California,
Sacramento, CA, 28 August 1998.

PORTER, D.B. “USAF Academy's Lessons
Learned from a Decade of Educational Out-
comes Assessment: Institutional Effectiveness.
Outcomes Assessment and Institutional
Research Conference sponsored by National
Defense University. Dam Neck, VA, 7 Oct 98.

PORTER, D.B. “Using Assessment to Enhance
Educational Effectiveness.” Workshops for
University of California, San Marcos. San
Marcos, CA, 31 October & 2 November 1998.

SHILLING, R.D. “Spatialized Audio in Virtual
Environments Applications: Surface Warfare
Trainer.” Virtual Environments in Training
Technology Technical Advisory Group Meeting,
Monterey. CA, January 1999.

Department of Biology
Publications:

ROSS, M.D. “Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness:
Work Out Now, Pay Later?” The Physician and
Sports Medicine. 1999. 27 (1): 107.

VALLEY,P.J. “Environmental Security in the
Czech Republic: Status and Concerns in the
Post-Communist Era.” INSS Occasional Paper
#22, October 1998.

Presentations:

BLACK, S.E. “Nutritional Supplements and
Ergogenic Aids” AF Space Command Health
Promotion and Fitness Conference, Colorado
Springs, CO. October 1998.

DEFUSCO, R.P. “Bird Migration.” Winter
Ecology, University of Colorado-Colorado
Springs, CO, January 1999.

KRUEGER, J.A. “Ecology Education for Military
Leaders.” University of Minnesota Natural
Resources Department, MN, January 1999.

NOYD, R.K. “Plant Responses to Cold and
Freezing Temperatures.” Winter Ecology,
University of Colorado-Colorado Springs, CO,
January 1999.

PIGAGE, H.K. “Insect Cold Tolerance.” Winter
Ecology, University of Colorado-Colorado
Springs, CO, January 1999.

PUTNAM, J.L. “North Central Association Self
Study Report.” Pikes Peak Educational
Innovations and Research Symposium, USAF
Academy, CO, January 1999.

PUTNAM, J.L. and R.K. NOYD. “Fitting
Courses Together to Make a Better Curriculum.’
Pikes Peak Educational Innovations and
Research Symposium, USAFA, CO, Jan 99.

ROSS, M.D. “Physical Therapy and Functional
Outcomes for Patients with Low Back Pain.”
American Physical Therapy Association's Com-
bined Section Meeting, Seattle, WA, Jan 99.

ROSS, M.D. “Reliability of Apley's Range of
Motion Test and Dominant and Nondominant
Upper Extremity Differences.” American
Physical Therapy Association's Combined
Section Meeting, Seattle, WA, January 1999.

UNANGST, E.T. “Overwintering in Small
Mammals: Energy Storing versus Energy
Sparing.” Winter Ecology, University of
Colorado-Colorado Springs, CO, January 1999.

VALLEY,P.J. “Environmental Security in the
Czech Republic: Status and Concerns in the
Post-Communist Era.” 5 Annual INSS
Research Results Conference, USAFA, CO,
Nov 98.

WESTMO®ELAND, D.A. “Recruitment: What
Factors Influencing Recruitment Should Be
Considered in Developing a Model of Mourning
Dove Population Dynamics in the Central


USAFA Discovery #1999-01 (Jan-Mar 99)

D, Vol 212 Pt D6, Journal of Automotive
Engineering, London, 1998.

JENSEN, D. D., and R. Q. Borchert.
“MSC/Patran Used to Improve Education by
Providing Visualization of Stress Concepts,”
MSC World, Feb 99.

Presentations:

BUSH, R. W., R. J. Bucci, and J. K. Donald.
“Pitfalls to Avoid in Threshold Testing and its
Interpretation.” Symposium on Fatigue Crack
Growth Thresholds, Endurance Limits, and
Design, ASTM Fall Committee Week, Norfolk,
VA, November 5, 1998.

FELAND, J. M., M. L. Nowack, L. J. Leifer.
“Cost-Performance Management Through
Knowledge Reuse in Large-scale Defense
Projects - Vision and Proposed Architecture”,
Conference on Design Reuse, EDC 98, Brunel
University, June 1998.

JENSEN, D. D., and R. Q. Borchert. “Myers
Briggs Based Assessment of Hands-on and
Visualization Usage in Mechanics Courses,”
Pikes Peak Educational Research Conference,
USAF Academy, CO, January 1999.

REDFIELD, R. C. “Bond Graphs in Dynamic
Systems Design: Concepts for a Continuously
Variable Transmission.” International
Conference on Bond Graph Modeling and
Simulation (ICBGM '99), San Francisco, CA,
January 1999.

Department of Foreign Languages
Publications:

GUAJARDO, Y. “National Standards for
Japanese Language Learning.”

Standard for Foreign Language Learning:
Preparing for the 21st Century 1998.

Presentations:

BREHM, A. and B. KLINE. “Creating a
Syllabus to Educate and Motivate.” Center for
Educational Excellence, USAFA, February
1999.

CANTON, R.L. “Multimedia Technology and
the WWW to Enhance Classroom Productivity.”
Colorado Language Technology Consortium,
US Air Force Academy, CO, January 1999.

GUAJARDO, Y. ‘Development & Use of
Multimedia Courseware Using HTML.” Pikes

Peak Educational Innovations and Research
Symposium (PPEIRS), USAFA, January 1999.

GUAJARDO, Y., and R. Keaton. “Integrating
Content-based Instruction into
Intermediate/Advanced Classes: Working
Towards National Standards Guided
Instruction.” The Colorado Japanese Language
Education Association Workshop at the
University of Colorado in Colorado Springs.

HEINZ, P. J. “Language Learning 2000.”
Colorado Language and Technology
Consortium Annual Meeting, USAFA, CO,
January 1999.

SUTHERLAND, R.L. and T.C. Sutherland. “
Do the Web with Windows: Word, FrontPage
98', Internet Explorer.” Technology in Education
Conference, Snowmass, CO, July 1998.

SUTHERLAND, R.L., and T.C. Sutherland. “
Free Home Pages for Teachers and Students.”
Technology in Education Conference,
Snowmass, CO, July 1998.

SUTHERLAND, R.L., D. A. Moraco, E.
Donnelly, and S.M. McCormack. “Colorado
Language Improvement Project: A Web Archive
of Standards, Lessons, and Workbooks.”
Colorado Conference of Foreign Language
Teachers, Colorado Springs, CO, February
1998.

SUTHERLAND, R.L., D. A. Moraco, A. Brehm,
and S.M. McCormack. ‘Training Students and
Teachers in the Web Basics.” Colorado
Conference of Foreign Language Teachers,
Colorado Springs, CO, February 1998.

Department of History

Publications:

RICE, R. R. “Bombing Auschwitz: 15 Air Force
and the Military Aspects of a Possible Attack.”
War in History 6.2.

WELLS, M.K. “Balloons.” Encyclopedia of the
United States in the 19" Century, 1998.

Presentations:

ARNOLD, D.C. “Unversed in the Ways of
Diplomatic Intrigue: Canada and the Ethiopian
Affair, 1935.” Missouri Valley History
Conference, Omaha, Nebraska, March 1998.

ARNOLD, D.C., Neiberg, M.C. “Teaching
World History: Avoiding the Regional Ap-

9
proach.” 1998 World History Association World
Conference, Fort Collins, CO., June 1998.

MOYD, M. ‘Teaching the History of Women
and War at the United States Air Force
Academy.” Women’s Research and Education
Institute Conference on Women in Uniform,
Washington D.C., December 1998.

RICE, R.R. “The Bombing of Auschwitz
Controversy: Teaching About Links Between
the War and the Holocaust.” Conference on
Lessons & Legacies V, November 1998.

Department of Law
Publications:

SCHMITT, M.N. “Bellum Americanum: The
U.S. View of Twenty-First Century War and Its
Possible Implications for the Law of Armed
Conflict.” Michigan Journal of International Law.
1998.

Department of Management
Publications:

BARKER, J.R. “Tightening the Iron Cage:
Concertive Control and Self-Managing Teams.”
In Qualitative Studies of Organizations, John
Van Maanen (Ed.). Sage Publications, October
1998. This article is one of thirteen selections
included in this volume, which reprints the most
significant and influential qualitative articles
published by Administrative Science Quarterly
in the last 40 years.

COSTLEY, D. L., Pratt E. and Strbiak C.A.
“Important characteristics for instructor
credibility: A longitudinal study.” Refereed
Proceedings of the 40" Annual Mountain Plains
Management Conference, Denver, October
1998.

COSTLEY, D. L., and Strbiak C.A. “Student-
outcome determined and technology
determined education.” Refereed Proceedings
of the 40" Annual Mountain Plains Management
Conference, Denver, October 1998.

HEPPARD, K.A. “High Expectations,
Supportiveness, and the Management

Hall of Fame.” Journal of Management Inquiry,
October 1998.

HEPPARD, K.A., Tompkins, P.K., Melville, C.
“Deviance from Normality or the Normalization
of Deviance: Making Sense of The Challenger
Launch Decision.” Organization, October 1998.



DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A

Approved for Public Release
ibution Unlimited

#1999-01 (Jan-Mar 99)

USAFA Discovery is published quarterly by the faculty of the US Air Force Academy (USAFA). It contains reports on USAFA
cadet and faculty research, a complete list of current USAFA research points of contact, and a summary of recent awards and
publications. All written material contained within reflects the opinions of the authors and editors and does not necessarily
reflect current US Air Force or USAFA policy.

Cadets Begin Fabrication of Satellite for Launch

Crxessi in the class of 1999 are
turning their design into reality as
they build the Academy's first free-
flying satellite, FalconSat-l. The
spacecraft is scheduled for launch in
September 1999. The cadet teams
completed critical design milestones in
December and have begun the
hardware fabrication, testing, and
integration phases. The teams are also
responsible for the scheduling and
budgetary phases of the mission.

Faculty and cadets from several
departments are critical to the success
of the FalconSat-I project. Cadets
majoring in Astronautics, Computer
Science, Electrical Engineering, Space
Operations, Engineering Mechanics,
Management, and Physics are enrolled
in the Small Spacecraft Engineering
course (Engr 434) that will fulfill the
goal of delivering the satellite for
launch. Faculty mentors from each of
these departments guide the cadets’
progress toward this achievement.

Spacecraft hardware and ground
test equipment are fabricated in the
Astronautics laboratory located in the
Consolidated Education Training
Facility (CETF). The cadets are
organized into teams dedicated to
completing a portion of the project.
The teams are managed through a
cadet management structure. The
teams include systems engineering,
structures, communications, attitude
determination and control, software and
data handling, electrical power, launch
vehicle integration, ground station, and
testing. Fig. 1 shows cadets working
with the flight hardware.

Plans for the spring semester
include completing fabrication of the
major satellite subsystems in February.
The subsystems will be integrated
together and tested during March and
April. Final delivery of the satellite is
planned for May 1999. The spacecraft
will be fitted to the launch stack and
mated to the launch vehicle throughout
the summer months.

L :
Fig. 1. Spacecratt Fabrication Activity in
CETF. C1Cs Jim Taggart, Justin Hendricks,
and Scott Karl (left to right) prepare to test
the communications system modem in the
‘small satellite clean room.

Once on orbit, cadets will operate
the spacecraft in the new satellite
ground station. Installation of the
antennas on the roof of the CETF, as
well as the ground station equipment
has been completed. Cadets majoring
in computer science are developing the
ground station software. The software
will be used to operate the satellite and
receive science data and health and
status information when the spacecraft
is in view of the Academy. Cadets are
developing the software through their
course work in Software Engineering |
& Il (Comp Sci 453/454).

What will the spacecraft actually
do? FalconSat-1 is a small satellite
carrying the Charging Hazards and
Wake Studies-Long Duration (CHAWS-
LD) experiment. The purpose of the
mission is to determine the effects of
spacecraft charging in a low-earth orbit
over a time period of at least six
months. The primary objectives of the
mission are to (1) Provide data that will
allow scientists to analyze the effects of
charging on spacecraft in low-earth
orbit over an extended time period; (2)
Validate FalconSat-1 system design by
transmitting telemetry data, gathered by
the different subsystems of the
spacecraft bus, to the mission control
center; (3) Provide a flight experience
with new computer hardware and

DTIC QUALITY INSPECTED 4

software developed for the program; (4)
Provide a ground station test bed for
education and training purposes and
allow cadets to gain hands on
experience in space operations.

How long will FalconSat-1 remain
aloft? The cadets plan to collect

@ science data for about a year after

launch, and will operate the spacecraft

_ as long as possible. The orbit of the

spacecraft will decay over time, and the
satellite will burn up in the upper
atmosphere in roughly 17 years.

What are the potential military
applications of the satellite? The
FalconSat-1 mission addresses military
requirements for space-based
environmental sensors and questions
about spacecraft charging for the
design of future DoD satellites.
Previous DoD satellites have been
killed by this effect--sensitive
electronics were destroyed by spurious
voltages and currents in the satellite.

For more information, contact the
Satellite and science experiment
principal investigators:

Major Bruce Chesley

HQ USAFA/DFAS

2354 Faculty Drive, Suite 6H68
USAFA CO 80840

ChesleyBC.DFAS @usafa.af.mil
(719) 333-3315

Capt Bill Pakula

HQ USAFA/DFP

2354 Faculty Drive, Suite 2A89
USAFA CO 80840
PakulaWA.DFP @usafa.af.mil
(719) 333-4158

>

900 6270666)

Inthis issue: __
Lead articles: Cadets begin Fabrication of
Satellite for Launch, Designirig High-Speed
Vehicles for the USAF (pages 1-2)
¢  -Department Research News (page 3-4)
‘© Publications and Presentations (pages 4-11)



USAFA Discovery #1999-01 (Jan-Mar 99) 12

USAFA Research Points Of Contact

To learn more about research at the United States Air Force Academy, we encourage you to visit our Web site at www.usafa.af.mil/dfe. If you want to
focus on a particular department or effort you might want to contact the associated Department Research Director. Each phone extension is preceded
by (719)-333 commercial or 333 DSN. Each e-mail is followed by @usafa.af.mil

Phone Phone

Office/Department Point Of Contact suffix E-mail prefix Office/Department Point Of Contact | _ suffix E-mail prefix
Director of Faculty Lt Col Alice Chen 4195 | ChenAJ.dfe Foreign Language Lt Col Chuck 3201 | RobertsonC.dif
Research Robertson
Distribution Manager, | Mr. James Millsap 2922 | MillsapJA.dfe History Lt Col Vance 34247 | SkarstedtVA.dth
USAFA Discovery Skarstedt
Editor, USAFA Maj Brian Hanley 3930 | HanleyBJ.dfeng Law Maj Pam Perry 3680 | PerryPT.dfl
Discovery
Cadet Summer Rsch__| Capt Ken Hart 3080__| HariKA.dfeg Management Or. James Barker 2315 | BarkerJR.dfm
34% Education Group _| Dr. Charles Krupnick 3699 | KrupnickCA.34EDG || Mathematical Sciences Maj Harry Newton 2981__| NewtonHN.dfms
Aeronautics Dr. Aaron Byerley 3436 | ByerleyAR.dfan Philosophy and Fine Arts_| Dr. John Hittinger 4070__| HittingerJP.dfpfa
Astronautics Capt Lynnanne George | 4204 | GeorgeLE.dfas Physics Maj Jack Wetterer 4619 | WettererCJ.dfp
Behavioral Sciences Or. Steve Jones 2930 | JonesSK.dfbl Political Science Dr. Steve Knott 2412 _| KnottSF.dfps
Biology Lt Col Tom Unangst 6015 _| UnangstET.dfo
Chemistry Dr. John Wilkes 6005 | WilkesJS.dfc USAFA Research Centers
Civil Engineering Lt Col Jim Pocock 3150 | PocockJB.dfce Aeronautics Dr. Aaron Byerley 3436__| ByerleyAR.dfan
Computer Science Maj Ricky Sward 4112_| SwardRE.dfcs Aircraft Life Extension Maj Jim Greer 3618 | GreerJM.dfem
Economics and Geog _| Dr. Bruce Linster 3080_| LinsterBG.dfeg Human-Environmental Dr. Jay Miller 3860__| MillerJC.dfe
Electrical Engineering | Dr. Daniel Pack 3190 | PackDJ.dfee Chemistry Dr. John Wilkes 6005 _| WilkesJS.dfc
Engineering Mech Dr. Robin Redfield 4396_| RedfieldRC.dfem Laser and Optics Dr. Randy Knize 4165 | KnizeRJ.dfp
English Lt Col Vern Mitchell 2665 | MitchellVD.dfeng Small Satellite Maj Bruce Chesley 3315 | ChesleyBC.dfas
Institute for National Security Studies Dr. James M. Smith 2717 SmithJM.dfe www.usafa.af.mil/inss
Institute for Information Technology Applications | Lt Col Earl McKinney 6941 McKinneyEH.dfe www.usafa.af.mil/ita
Air Force Humanities Institute Maj Thomas Kris2 390 KriseTW.dfeng

~ - - oe

HQ USAFA/DFER

2354 FAIRCHILD DR., SUITE 4K25
USAF ACADEMY CO 80840-6200

OFFICIAL BUSINESS ONLY

ATTN: DTIC-OMI
8725 JOHN J KINGMAN RD STE 0944
FT BELVOUR VA 22060-6218

“AndeldMsatbstcthaal Wttboatheatdadtatitoetl


USAFA Discovery #1999-01 (Jan-Mar 99)

drivers: The 3-4 November 1993 geomagnetic
storm,” J. Geophys. Res, November 1998.

KNIPP, D.J., B.A. Emery, M. Engebretson, X.
Li, A.H. McAllister, T. Mukai, S. Kokubun,
G.D. Reeves, D. Evans, T. Obara, X. Pi, T.
Rosenberg, A. Weatherwax, M.G. McHarg, F.
Chun, K. Mosely, M. Codrescu, L. Lanzerotti,
F.J. Rich, J. Sharber, P. Wilkinson, “An
overview of the early November 1993
geomagnetic storm,” J. Geophys. Res,
November 1998.

KNIPP, D.J., “Forward” (Special Section on the
November 1993 Geomagnetic Storm), J.
Geophys. Res, November1998,

WHITE,W.R., I. Dajani, A.F. Cifuentes, “All-
optical programmable switch with XOR gate
functions in a doped silica thin film,” Optical
Engineering, October 1998.

WETTERER, C.J., “CCD Photometry of UZ CrB,
XX CrB and V864 Her,” Information Bulletin on
Variable Stars, No. 4631, September 1998.

Presentations:

NOVAK, G.M., and E.T. Patterson, “Just-In-
Time Teaching (JiTT) with the Web: How Well
is it Working? Some Assessment Results,”
Amétican Association of Physics Teachers
winter meeting, Anaheim CA, January 1999.

HEAD, J.H., T.A. Summers, and E.T.
Patterson, “Student Expectations for their
Second-Semester of Introductory Physics,”_
American Association of Physics Teachers
winter meeting, Anaheim CA, January 1999.

HOLLABAUGH, M., and E.T. Patterson, “Mini-
Blocks: Increasing Student Interest in General
Physics,” American Association of Physics
Teachers meeting, Anaheim CA, January 1999.

GRUNER, H.M., and G.A. Finney, “Tutorials in
Introductory Physics at the United States Air
Force Academy,” American Association of
Physics Teachers meeting, Anaheim CA,
January 1999.

CHUN, F.K., D.J. Knipp, G.M. McHarg, G. Lu,
B.A. Emery, and S. Vennerstrom, ‘The Polar
Cap Index as a Proxy for Global Joule Heating,”
American Geophysical Union fall meeting, San
Francisco CA, December 1998.

EMERY, B.A., A.D. Richmond, R.G. Roble,
ALL. Aruliah, A.D. Aylward, M.J. Buonsanto,
B.G. Fejer, M.R. Hairston, R.M. Johnson, R.

Niciejewski, D.J. Knipp, F.J. Rich, J.
Schoendorf, M. Sulzer, and C. Tepley,
“Thermosphere/lonosphere Response to the
January 1988 Magnetic Cloud,” American
Geophysical Union fall meeting, San Francisco
CA, December 1998.

KNIPP, D.J., F.K. F.K. Chun, G.M. McHarg,
and F.J. , “An Assessment of the Auroral
Boundary Index (ABI) for Use in Joule Heating
Estimates,” American Geophysical Union fall
meeting, San Francisco CA, December 1998.

LANE C.T., G.M. McHarg, and H.C. Stenbaek-
Nielsen, “High Frequency investigation of
Pulsating Aurora,” American Geophysical Union
meeting, San Francisco CA, December 1998.

PALFERY, S., G.M. McHarg, D. Bell, and H.C.
Stenbaek-Nielsen, “Simulation of Wave-
Particle Interactions of Precipitating Auroral
Electrons,” American Geophysical Union fall
meeting, San Francisco CA, December 1998.

PATTERSON, E.T., “Using the World Wide Web
in Teaching,” Presentation and workshop at the
Workshop for New Physics Faculty (sponsored
by the AAPT and the NSF), College Park MD,
November 1998.

PATTERSON, E.T., “Using the World Wide Web
for Teaching and Learning Physics - Just in
Time,” invited colloquium for the Colorado
School of Mines Department of Physics, Golden
CO, October 1998.

Department of Political Science
Publications:

BIDLACK, H. “Interagency Cooperation on
Environmental Security,” policy paper requested
by the Pentagon, February 1999.

HALL, G. M., J. T. Cappello, and S. P.
Lambert. “A Post-Cold War Nuclear Strategy
Model,” INSS Occasional Paper, July 1998.

HALL, G. M. “Intersectionality: A Necessary
Consideration for Women of Color in the
Military?” in Beyond Zero Tolerance:
Discrimination in Military Culture, eds. Mary
Fainsod Katzenstein and Judith Reppy
(Lanham, MD: Rowman and Littlefield, 1999).

McCARTHY, J. P. “Report on Information
Management to Support the Warrior,” Scientific
Advisory Board, December 1998.

11
ULRICH, M. ‘The Democratization of Civil-
Military Relations in the Czech Republic,” in The
Military and Society in the Former Eastern Bloc,
eds. Constantine P. Danopoulous and Daniel
Zirker (Boulder, CO: Westview Press, 1999).

Presentations:

KISER, S. “Chinese Environmental Security:
Challenges and Opportunities in the 21
Century,” at the Comprehensive Security in the
21% Century East Asian Commonwealth
Conference sponsored by University of Hawaii
and the University of Osaka, February 1999.

KNOTT, S. F. ‘The Great Transformation:
intelligence Oversight and the Republican
Party,” International Studies Association Annual
Conference, February 1999.

LONG, M. “Global Leadership, Challenge, and
Coalition Creation: The United States, China,
and the ASEAN Regional Forum,” International
Studies Association Annual Conference,
February 1999.

McCARTHY, J. P. “Information Management to
Support the Warrior,” INSS Conference,
December 1998.

McCARTHY, J. P. ‘The Wild Blue Yonder,”
USAFA PS 211 cadets, December 1998,

PILCH, F. “Does Africa Matter?” Colorado
Springs World Affairs Council Annual
Symposium, October 1998.

ULRICH, M. “NATO's Transformation in the
Post-Cold War World,” Jackson School of
International Studies Pacific Northwest
Colloquium on International Security at the
University of Washington, January 1999.

ULRICH, M. “Democratization and Civil-Military
Relations in Central and Eastern Europe,”

Jackson School of International Studies Pacific
Northwest Colloquium on International Security
at the University of Washington, January 1999.

ULRICH, M. “NATO's Identity at a Crossroads:
Institutional Challenges Posed by NATO's
Enlargement and Partnership for Peace
Programs,” International Studies Association
Annual Conference, February 1999.



USAFA Discovery #1999-01 (Jan-Mar 99)

Proceedings of the 35th Annual Rocky Mountain
Bioengineering Symposium, Copper Mt, CO,
April 1998,

MUSSELMAN, R.L. “Personal Responsibility in
Collaborative Lab Courses.” Proceedings of the
1998 ASEE Annual Conference, Seattle, WA,
dune 1998.

OBERG, E.D., S.F. Barrett, C.H.G. Wright.
“The Development of a Hybrid Analog/Digital
Retinal Surgical Laser System.” Proceedings of
the 35th Annual Rocky Mountain Bioengineering
Symposium, Copper Mt, CO, April 1998.

PACK, DJ. and S.A. Stefanov. “Fire-Fighting
Robot: the United States Air Force Academy
Experience.” Proceedings of the 1998 ASEE
Annual! Conference, Seattle, WA, June 1998.

PACK, DwJ., A.M. Mankowski, and G. J.
Freeman. “A Fire-Fighting Robot and Its Impact
on Educational Outcomes.” Proceedings of the
1998 ASEE Annual Conference, Seattle, WA,
June 1998.

PACK, DwJ., A.R. Klayton, A.L. Clark, and J.P.
Trudeau. “Incorporating Mobile Robots in an EE
Microcomputer Programming Course.”
Proceedings of the 1998 ASEE Annual
Conference, Seattle, WA, June 1998.

PACK, DwJ., L.A. Tamburino, and K. Kurtz.
“An Optimal Matching Method using
Accumulated Evidence.” Proceedings of the
1998 International Symposium on Optical
Science, Engineering, and Instrumentation,
Orlando, FL, Aprit 1998.

SODA, K.S. “Keys to Successful VLSI
Realization Through MOSIS.” Proceedings of
the 1998 ASEE Annual Conference, Seattle,
WA, June 1998.

WELCH, T.B., and J.N. Berry. ‘Teaching
Three-Phase Electrical Power Using a Low-
Voltage Power Source.” Proceedings of the
1998 ASEE Annual Conference, Seattle, WA,
June 1998.

WELCH T. B., M.J. Walker, and R.E. Ziemer.
“Effects of Directional Antennas with Realizable
Beam Patterns on the Spaced-Time Correlation
Function.” 8" Virginia Tech/MPRG Symposium
on Wireless Personal Communications, June
1998.

WRIGHT, C.H.G, and T.B. Welch. ‘Teaching
Real-World DSP Using MATLAB.” Proceedings of

the 1998 ASEE Annual Conference, Seattle,
WA, June 1998,

WRIGHT, C.H.G., E.D. Oberg, and S.F.
Barrett. “Integration of Analog and Digital
Retinal Tracking and Coagulation Subsystems.”
Proceedings of the 35th Annual Rocky Mountain
Bioengineering Symposium, Copper Mt, CO,
April 1998.

Presentations:

BARRETT, S.F., D.J. Pack, G.W.P. York, P.J.
Neal, R.D. Fogg, E.K. Doskocz, S.A.
Stefanov, P.C. Neal, C.H.G. Wright, A.R.
Klayton. “Student-centered Educational Tools
for the Digital Systems Curriculum,” 1998 ASEE
Annual Conference, Seattle, WA, June 1998,

DEGRAAF, P.W., C.H.G. Wright, M.J. Walker,
and T.B. Welch. “An Integrated Approach to
Teaching Engineering Courses.” 1998 ASEE
Annual Conference, Seattle, WA, June 1998.

DEGRAAF, P.W., S.F. Barrett, and C.H.G.
Wright. “A Method to Control Irradiation Time
for Laser Photocoagulation on the Retina.” 35th
Annual Rocky Mountain Bioengineering
Symposium, Copper Mt, CO, April 1998.

MUSSELMAN, RL. “Personal Responsibility in
Collaborative Lab Courses.” 1998 ASEE Annual
Conference, Seattle, WA, June 1998.

OBERG, E.D., S.F. Barrett, C.H.G. Wright.

“The Development of a Hybrid Analog/Digital
Retinal Surgical Laser System,” 35th Annual
Rocky Mountain Bioengineering Symposium,
Copper Mt, CO, April 1998.

PACK, D.J. and S.A. Stefanov. “Fire-Fighting
Robot: the United States Air Force Academy
Experience.” 1998 ASEE Annual Conference,
Seattle, WA, June 1998.

PACK, D.J., A.M. Mankowski, and G. J.
Freeman. “A Fire-Fighting Robot and Its Impact
on Educational Outcomes.” 1998 ASEE Annual
Conference, Seattle, WA, June 1998.

PACK, D.J., A.R. Klayton, A.L. Clark, and J.P.
Trudeau. “Incorporating Mobile Robots in an EE
Microcomputer Programming Course.” 1998
ASEE Annual Conference, Seattle, WA, June
1998.

PACK, D.J., L.A. Tamburino, and K. Kurtz.
“An Optimal Matching Method using
Accumulated Evidence.” 1998 International

8
Symposium on Optical Science, Engineering,
and Instrumentation, Orlando, FL, April 1998.

PACK, D.J. “Assessing Educational Outcomes
for an Engineering Course: A Case Study.”
1998 Colorado Higher Education Assessment
Conference, Golden, Colorado, April 1998.

SODA, K.S. “Keys to Successful VLSI
Realization Through MOSIS.” 1998 ASEE
Annual Conference, Seattle, WA, June 1998.

WELCH, T.B., and J.N. Berry. “Teaching
Three-Phase Electrical Power Using a Low-
Voltage Power Source.” 1998 ASEE Annual
Conference, Seattle, WA, June 1998.

WELCH T. B., M.J. Walker, and R.E. Ziemer.
“Effects of Directional Antennas with Realizable
Beam Patterns on the Spaced-Time Correlation
Function.” 8 Virginia Tech/MPRG Symposium
on Wireless Personal Communications, June
1998.

WRIGHT, C.H.G, and T.B. Welch. ‘Teaching
Real-World DSP Using MATLAB.” 1998 ASEE
Annual Conference, Seattle, WA, June 1998.

WRIGHT, C.H.G., E.D. Oberg, and S.F.
Barrett. “Integration of Analog and Digital
Retinal Tracking and Coagulation Subsystems.”
35th Annual Rocky Mountain Bioengineering
Symposium, Copper Mt, CO, April 1998.

WRIGHT, C.H.G, and T.B. Welch. ‘Teaching
DSP Concepts Using MATLAB and the
TMS320C5X.” 1998 Texas Instruments DSP
Educators and Third-Party Conference,
Houston, TX, August 1998.

Department of Engineering Mechanics
Publications:

BALL, J. K., C. R. Stone and R. R. Raine.
“Combustion Analysis and Cycle-by-Cycle
Variations in Spark Ignition Engine Combustion,
Part I: An Evaluation of Combustion Analysis
Routines by Reference to Model Data.”
Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical
Engineers, Part D, Vol 212 Pt D5, Journal of
Automotive Engineering, London, 1998.

BALL, J. K., C. R. Stone and R. R. Raine.
“Combustion Analysis and Cycle-by-Cycle
Variations in Spark Ignition Engine Combustion,
Part Il: A New Parameter for Completeness of
Combustion and it Use in Modelling Cycle-by-
Cycle Variations in Combustion.” Proceedings
of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part


USAFA Discovery #1999-01 (Jan-Mar 99)
by which people reduce prejudiced behavior. Maj Vance
investigates variables which promote prejudice reduction and
variables which hinder prejudice reduction. She has also
launched a research program to examine the predictors and
consequences of achievement goals in leadership positions.
Maj Randy Gibb is currently working on a project
regarding self-efficacy. His research involves surveying
cadets participating in boxing, wrestling, swimming, and
women's self-defense. A pre-test, post-test, and post-post-
test survey is the procedure. Each survey consists of 28
questions with different sub-groups of self-efficacy questions:
physical, assertiveness, coping, determination, and
leadership. Maj Gibb is also working on a proposal for
AETC funding to research airmanship while in pilot training in
both Naval and Air Force training programs. The research
will be completed while at the Naval War College.

Department of Foreign Languages

The On-line Russian Language Maintenance and
Development, superintended by Major Stanley Supinski,
employs three common educational and communication
technologies--the internet, compact disk, and email -- to
explore the feasibility of conducting Russian Language
maintenance and development in a distance learning mode.
Thirty subjects across the Air Force--from Misawa AB, Japan
to Langley AFB, Virginia--and several who are deployed or
TDY (Bosnia, Vicenza, and others), are participating in the
24-week course. The students will work in cooperative
teams of five, using interactive courseware obtained primarily
from a CD. They will also interact with each other and a
native-Russian course moderator located in Colorado
Springs, as well as receive additional, dynamic lessons from
a course bulletin board. This truly virtual classroom and
course should make optimal use of these technologies while
reducing the need to send personnel for expensive in-
residence courses. The course also supports the Air Force
strategy of “Global Engagement” by increasing Foreign Area

Air Force Language Link - On-Line Russian Language

Maintenance and Development

Officer and other linguists’ Defense Language Proficiency

Test scores. The study and course will be completed in July

1999.

Publications and Presentations

34" Education Group
Publications:

CHUN, C. K. S. “A Falling Star: SAINT,
America's First Anti-Satellite System.” Quest
Summer 1998.

CHUN, C. K. S. “Winged Interceptor: Politics
and Strategy in the Development of the
BOMARC Missile.” Air Power History Winter 98.

FULTON, N. D. and Kern T. T “Valery
Chakalov: Russian Rouge.” Darker Shades of
Blue: The Rouge Pilot Winter 1999.

FULTON, N. D. “Japan.” The Encyclopedia of
the Vietnam War: A Political, Social, and Military
History Winter 1999.

KRUPNICK, C. A. Book review of Security
Dilemmas in Russia and Eurasia. European
Security Autumn 1998.

Presentations:

KRUPNICK, C. A. “Decommissioned Russian
Submarines and a Model for International
Environmental Cooperation.” Third Pan-
European Intentional Relations Conference and
Joint Meeting with the International Studies
Association, Vienna Austria, 16-19 Sept 1998.

LAMBERT, S. P. “NATO Enlargement and the
Baltic States: In the Interest of European
Security,” INSS 1998 Research Results
Conference, USAFA CO, 19-20 November 98.

SMITH, L. A., Rueb, J. D., Campbell, A.,
Leber, L., and McChesney, J. “Is

the Academy Achieving Its Educational Goal,”
Pikes Peak Educational Innovations and
Research Symposium, USAFA CO, 20-22
January 1999.

Department of Aeronautics

Publications:

BERTIN, J. J., R. E. Gilbert, S. C. Pluntze, T.
W. Pesek, and D. P. Lee. “Flowfield for
Rectangular Fins of a Generic Missile
Configuration, Part B: Pressures.” USAFA
DFAN Report 98-03 October 1998.

DOWTY, J.C. and T. R. Yechout. “Operational
Impact Predictions of USAFA Recommended
Drag Reduction Modifications for the AC-130U
Gunship.” USAFA DFAN Report 98-04 Oct 98.

FALK, E. A., E. J. Jumper, M. K. Fabian and
B. A. Haven. “A Characterization of the
Unsteady Velocity Field Aft of the F109
Turbofan Rotor.” AIAA Paper 99-0237. 37"
Aerospace Sciences Meeting and Exhibit, Reno,
NV, January 1999.

FORSYTHE, J. R., K. A. Hoffmann and Y. B.
Suzen. “Investigation of Modified Menter’s Two-
Equation Turbulence Models for Supersonic
Applications.” AIAA Paper 99-0873, 37"
Aerospace Sciences Meeting and Exhibit, Reno,
NV, January 1999.

GUY, Y., J. A. Morrow, and T. E. McLaughlin.
“Control of Vortex Breakdown on a Delta Wing
by Periodic Blowing and Suction.” AIAA Paper
99-0132, 37" AIAA Aerospace Sciences
Meeting and Exhibit, Reno, NV, January 1999.

HAMMOND, C. B. “An Experimental Wind
Tunnel Investigation to Reduce the Drag on the
AC-130U Gunship.” AIAA Paper 99-0008, 37th
AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting, January 99.

IWANSKI, K. P., and R.C. Nelson. ‘The
Aerodynamics of Forebodies Undergoing
Longitudinal Motions.” AIAA Paper 99-0987,
37 AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting and
Exhibit, Reno, NV, January 1999.

PLUNTZE, S. C., M. E. Zuber, J. J. Bertin, and
R. E. Gilbert. “Flowfield for Rectangular Fins of
a Generic Missile Configuration.” AIAA Paper
99-0993, 37th AIAA Aerospace Sciences
Meeting, Reno, NV, January 1999.

SUZEN, Y. B., K. A. Hoffmann and J. R.
Forsythe. “Application of Several Turbulence
Models for High Speed Shear Layer Flows.”


USAFA Discovery #1999-01 (Jan-Mar 99)
develop better numerical models to
represent various fluid-dynamic
phenomena and to develop improved
numerical schemes for generating

flowtield solutions. These Academy
researchers are working to provide

improved tools to the designers of
future Air Force weapons systems.

For more information, contact the
principal investigator:

Dr John J. Bertin

HQ USAFA/DFAN

2354 Faculty Drive, Suite 6H27
USAFA CO 80840
BertinJJ.DFAN @usafa.af.mil
(719) 333-4010

Department Research News

Department of Astronautics
Lunar Transfer Trajectory Research

The USAFA has been conducting research on a new
spacecraft trajectory over the past several years. This new
trajectory, a ballistic lunar transfer (BCT), allows spacecraft
to be sent to the Moon using less fuel than traditional
transfers. Future missions to the moon could implement this
method to help make the spacecraft smaller or increase the
payload. However, finding the possible BCT’s for a given
mission is very difficult to do, which can cause this trajectory
option to be ruled out early in the design process. Also, the
amount of fuel needed to make correction burns during the
transfers is currently difficult to estimate. The fuel needed for
a theoretical transfer can be calculated fairly easily once a
BCT is found, but due to many different error sources, extra
fuel is necessary for trajectory corrections along the way.

Research in the Department of Astronautics has dealt
with finding these BCT’s and determining how much fuel is
needed for corrections. The most progress so far has been
in the area of finding the orbits, given an initial date. Although
analytic solutions have proven to be too complex so far,
numerical analysis of several thousand orbit integrations has
allowed some general characteristics of these orbits to be
revealed. These characteristics help a great deal in
generating potential mission BCT’s.

Department of Behavioral Sciences and Leadership
Human Factors and Simulation

LCDR Russell Shilling (USN) was elected to Chair the DoD
Human Factors Engineering Technical Advisory Group (DoD
HFETAG), a three year commitment. He will take over the
Chair position in May 1999. The DoD HFETAG is
responsible for coordinating Human Factors Engineering
Research projects and fostering cooperative research
between the Army, Navy, Air Force, FAA, and NASA. He
has also been awarded $15K from the Office of Naval
Research to help develop spatialized (3-D) auditory displays
for a virtua! environments Surface Warfare trainer under
development at the Naval Air Warfare Center Training
Systems Division in Orlando, FL. LCDR Shilling is writing a
chapter for a Virtual Environment's Handbook in colla-
boration with Dr. Barbara Shinn-Cunningham at Boston
University. Through various collaborations, LCDR Shilling
has sent cadets on Summer Research to the Naval
Aerospace Medical Research Labs and the Naval
Postgraduate School. This summer cadets will be sent to
the Naval Research Laboratories and the Naval Air Warfare
Center Aircraft Division in Patuxent, MD.

Maj Joey Hickox is working with Dr. Jim Barker (DFM)
and Brooks AFB in a collaborative effort to examine team
performance issues in command and control situations. He
has been awarded $27K in the last two years to establish a
new team performance research laboratory here at USAFA.
In his second study using an AWACS type contro! simulation
(three-person teams), he is currently examining decision
support interfaces, command structure, and information load.
Maj Hickox has also been awarded $10K from AFOSR to
examine eye-scanning behavior in expert and novice pilots
during tactical VFR navigation. He and C1C Leigh Ottati
have just completed the first study and are in the process of
analyzing the results to present at the annual meeting of the
Human Factors and Ergonomics Society.

Physiological and Performance Psychology

Dr George Mastroianni, Lt Col Bob Berger, Maj Mike Zupan
(AH), Maj Pat Bradshaw (DFB), and C1C Jason Zarb-Cousin
are working on a project comparing pacing and energy
expenditure of runners and mountain bikers on gravel trails
at USAFA. With the assistance of Danny Portillo (DFEG),
these researchers are using differential GPS to measure
speed on terrain segments of varying grade. In conjunction
with heart rate monitoring, these measurements will make
possible a detailed comparison of the voluntary work rates of
runners and bikers on uphill and downhill segments of
varying grade. Analyses may suggest pacing strategies to
optimize speed and energy expenditure on complex terrain.
Additionally, Dr Mastroianni has been awarded $22.5K from
the Soldier Systems Center, US Army Soldier Biological and
Chemical Command, to fund research comparing voluntary
pacing of individuals with and without backpack loads on
hilly terrain. This research will use techniques currently being
developed at the USAFA.

Assessment and Attitudinal Research

Col David Porter has been conducting research on
institutional assessment techniques involving faculty and
cadets, primarily using Peter Senge's “Learning
Organization” as a model for integrating the development
and assessment of educational outcomes with the values of
higher education. Lessons learned from this line of inquiry
include the following: diverse perspectives and positions
enhance assessment effectiveness; knowledge, skills and
attitudes are all important and measurable; imperfection is an
inherent characteristic of measuring meaningful outcomes;
ease of measurement is usually inversely proportional to
significance; group work is not a pedagogical panacea; and
convergence provides the best foundation for validity.

Maj Kristen Vance has been studying the dynamics of
prejudice, with a specific focus on understanding the process



mney eee

depen Discovery. # #1999 ql “an: -Mar 99)

Designing ‘High-Speed Vehicles for the U.S. Air Force

he High-Speed Vehicle Design

Group (HSVDG) of the Aeronautical

Research Center (ARC) of the
USAFA is involved in a wide variety of
activities that support the design of
high-speed vehicles, many of which will
be part of the 21" century inventory of
the USAF. The HSVDG includes
several cadets working together with
DFAN faculty on a variety of projects.

Nine cadets supported the Air
University’s Program: “Air Force 2025”
by working a study meant to address
these questions: “What Air Force
Missions are Best Accomplished by
Hypersonic Vehicles?” and “What
Vehicles Might Be Developed to
Accomplish These Missions?” The
cadets proposed an integrated
weapons system featuring a global-
reach/global-power aircraft capable of
reaching any point in the world within
hours without relying on foreign bases
and delivering either hypersonic cruise
missiles at extremely high-value targets
or serving as the first stage of a two-
stage-to-orbit space access system.
More specifically, the global-reach
hypersonic aircraft would be able to
deliver hypersonic cruise missiles
anywhere in the world in a matter of
hours, operating from bases in the
continental U.S. Thus, it would be able
to deliver decisive blows at the outset
of hostilities, with the goal of destroying
the adversary’s desire to fight a
protracted war, or deliver cost-effective
weapons to defeat time critical targets
and to establish in-theater dominance,
if a protracted war cannot be avoided.
The ability of the combined weapons
system being able to strike targets
anywhere in the world within hours.
without the need for forward basing
generates savings in time and money
that justify the cost of designing,
building, and deploying the weapons
system. The access-to-space missions
would also be conducted during
peacetime to develop operational
procedures, which can be applied to
war-time operations should hostilities
break out.

The hypersonic aircraft, was
designated the Supersonic/Hypersonic
Attack Aircraft, or SHAFT, shown in
Figure 1, and the hypersonic cruise
missile, shown in Figure 2, was
designated the Standoff Hypersonic
Missile with Attack Capability, or

SHMAC: so what could be more a
appropriate motto for this weapons
system than “When the SHMAC hits
DFAN”’?

Figure 1. Conceptual design, developed by
cadets, of a supersonic/hypersonic Attack
Aircraft (SHAFT)

Figure 2. Conceptual design, developed by
cadets, of a Stand-off Hypersonic Missile with
Attack Capability (SHMAC)

The mission and vehicle
configuration concepts developed by
the cadets contain many of the features
that would be incorporated into the
design of a hypersonic weapon system.
Indeed, the results of the study were
published in the “Air Force 2025”
documentation and which were
presented by | the then 2nd Lieutenants
at the AIAA 7 International Space
Planes Conference on which was held
in Norfolk, VA in November 1996.
Large sections of this study were
excerpted verbatim and reproduced in
a recently published volume, Stealth
Aircraft of the U. S. Air Force.

Currently active in the research
activities of the HSVDG are C1C Evan
Gallegos, C1C Tim Pesek, Lt. Col.
Steve Pluntze, Maj. Scott Morton, Capt.
Jim Forsythe, Capt. Colin Tucker, Capt.
Matt Zuber, and Dr. John Bertin. They
receive support in the building and the

testing of models in the Tri-Sonic Wind
Tunnel (TWT) from Bobby Hatfield, Tim
Hayden, Larry Lamblin, and Jim Philp.
This research team integrates
measurements made in the TWT with
flowfield parameters computed using
available Computational Fluid
Dynamics (CFD) codes to develop an
understanding of the flowfields for
future weapons systems. The
experimental data include global
parameters, such as force and moment
measurements, local parameters, such
as static pressures measured at
specific locations on the model, and
flow visualization data, such as
schlieren photographs and surface oil-
flow patterns.

One current project, which is
funded through the Air Force Research
Laboratory at Eglin AFB, seeks to
develop an understanding of the
complex flowfield that results when
reaction control jets are used to
maneuver asymmetric missile
configurations. Reaction control jets
can be used to produce spectacular
maneuvers (“Check your six!”).
However, the jet plume creates
significant perturbations to the flowfield,
resulting in locally severe heat-transfer
tates and in locally high pressures.
These perturbations must be under-
stood and controlled, if the designers
are to use these jets successfully.

Dr. Bertin has been invited to give
a paper describing some of the team’s
activities to the JFASS 13”

International Sessions in the 37"
Aircraft Symposium to be held in
October 1999 in Tokyo Japan. The
paper will review the results from four
different recent, research programs in
which measurements from wind-tunnel
programs were compared with the
corresponding parameters generated
using state-of-the-art CFD codes to
evaluate the effect of grid-spacing on
the computed solutions, to evaluate the
degree of rigor required in developing
numerical tools, to better understand
the physical phenomena depicted by
the data, and to develop a better
understanding of the complex
hypersonic flowfields on the design of
future vehicles.

In addition to using existing
computational codes to support the
design activities of the HSVDG, the
faculty interested in CFD are working to

al