, ‘,

U.S. Departme& of ~A&iculture . Resource Bdletin SO-67 . ~

.1 ,_ ,

‘”

Paul A. Murphy
ACKNOWLEDGMEIVTS

Generous assistance from public and

private organizations made it possible to

keep the field work for the latest forest

inventory of Mississippi ahead of the

schedule that could have been maintained with regularly allotted funds.

The very material aid of the organizations

listed below, and of the individuals in

them, is gratefully acknowledged:

Mississippi Forestry Commission

Yazoo-Little Tallahatchie

Flood Preuen tion Project

American Can Company

Champion International

Chicago Mill and Lumber Company

Crown Zellerbach Corporation

Dura-Crates

Edward Hines Lumber Company

Georgia-Pacific Corporation

Gulf States Paper Corporation

Hiwassee Land Company

International Paper Company

Koppers Company, Inc.

Longleaf Forest Products, Inc.

McMilZan Bloedel, Inc.

Masonite Corporation

St. Regis Paper Company

Scoff Paper Company

Tennessee Riuer Pulp

and Paper Company

W. E. Parks Lumber Company

Weyerhaeuser Company

1978
MZSSZSSZPPZ

FORESTS

Trends and

Outlook

bY

Paul A. Murphy

Southern Forest Experiment Station I Forest Service

U.S. Department of Agriculture
N

i

i h !

I \ I / I-.-._ NIO R T iH /I

-.-

~Greenwlle '-

NGTON

!

b.-._.L.-J-.-.-.

Figure I. -

Forest resource regions of Mississippi

WLES --..---.-

0 1 0 20 30 40 so
HIGHLlGHTS

Presented here are the principal

findings of a new forest survey

of Mississippi. It is dated 1977,

the year field work was completed,

but estimates of growth and

removals and output for industrial

forest products were compiled for

1976. Findings are compared

with the previous comprehensive

survey of 1967 to help clarity

trends in forest area and timber

resources.

While the report does not

include an analysis of other

resources, it is recognized that

timber is but one of the many

benefits yielded by forests.

Recreation, watershed protection,

range, and many other uses of the

forest make an important contribution to the life and economy

of Mississippi’s citizens.

The area of forest land in

Mississippi declined during the

past decade. Although the change

was small, significant shifts in

land use occurred within survey

regions. In all sections of the

State, most of the loss in woodland acreage is due to clearing

for agriculture.

The softwood inventory in

sound, well-formed trees increased 30 percent, and hardwoods gained 17 percent. This

increase in volume rose in all

parts of the State.

As expected, the smallest

gains in timber resources occurred in south Mississippi, where

~ofiwood volume up. Sc#wood inventory in sound, we&formed trees increased in

~11 parts of the State. Total increase over the state was 30 percent since the

wevious survey.

he forest sustained heavy losses

luring Hurricane Camille in

,969. And the impact of Camille

:ontinues: mortality in the forests

s high on the lower Coastal Plain.

Timber growth exceeded

emovals in 1976, despite the

loubling in softwood harvest

#ince 1966. However, an imvalance between growth and

emovals of softwood sawtimber

nay be developing in south and

entral Mississippi. In both of

hese regions, the net growth of

bine sawtimber barely equalled

emovals in 1976 because of the

Icreased harvest.

Although the timber invenly has grown since 1967, problems remain. Many pine sites are

being usurped by low value and

cull trees. Many stands, both pine

and hardwood, need attention.

Improving the timber resources

takes on a special importance in

view of the increased timber

harvest in the central and southern

sections of the State. If resource

improvement is to keep pace with

industrial development, the continued strengthening of forestry

efforts is essential-not only in

these two regions but throughout

the State.

3
FOREST AREA

In the search for resources to

support industrial expansion in

Mississippi, it is logical to turn

to the forests. The area occupied

by forests exceeds the combined

acreage in all other land uses.

The proportion of land in forest,

however, varies considerably from

one region of the State to the

other (fig. 1). The Delta, with its

highly developed farm economy,

is the least timbered-about one

acre in four. South Mississippi,

where seven acres in every ten are

forest, is the most heavily timbered region.

Forest Area Decreases

In all, 16.7 million acres are under

some kind of forest cover, comprising 55 percent of the total

land area. At the time of the

previous statewide forest survey

in 1967, forest acreage totaled

16.9 million. Most of the decrease

stems from farmers clearing forest

land to increase their pasture and

crop acreage. Of the acreage

devoted to crops, most of it was

planted to soybeans. Clearing

of timberland for agriculture

occurred throughout the State

between surveys, but it was greatest in north Mississippi. In the

Delta, the modest loss in acreage

since the late sixties suggests that

the remaining woodlands may not

be readily amenable to agriculture

conversion.

Although additions to commercial forest land* since 1967

amounted to 1.4 million acres,

they were not enough to offset

losses to other uses (table I).

This decline in forest area-some

20,000 acres annually-is likely

to continue. Some additions to

’ Technical term are defined on

pages 16-18.
_-. --_.--.__-. -- _ __._.~.._.

Forest area on decline. Although area occupied by forests exceeds the combined

acreage in all other land uses, Mississippi has lost 200,000 acres of forest land

to other uses since 1967. More forest management efforts are needed on remaining forest lands to keep pace with growing demands forforest products.

woodlands will come from acreage

that is eroding or is in other ways

submarginal for farming. At the

same time, diversions to agriculture, urbanization, and other

uses will continue to expand.

Individual Ownership

Predominates

Development of the timber

resource depends to a great extent upon decisions of thousands

of landowners. In Mississippi

today, 90 percent of the commercial forest land is privately

owned. The amount in public

ownership, mostly National

Forests, did not change materially

during the past decade.

Private nonindustrial landowners presently hold 11.8 million forest acres. Farmers alone

own about 4.9 million. All together, these holdings encompass

two-thirds of the total growing

stock found on commercial timberland in Mississippi.

The nearly 3 million acres

held by the forest products industry represents a gain of some 20

percent since 1967. In addition.

stewardship now

arly 300,000 acres

of forest land that is under longterm lease from farmers and other

private owners. Leasing of surface

rights enables owners to retain

title and mineral rights, while

lessees assume responsibilities

for managing the timber. These

arrangements help provide woodusing firms with an important

supplementary timber supply and

landowners with a dependable

source of periodic income.

Hardwood Types

Predominate

Forests predominately of iongleaf

and slash pine characterize the

lower Coastal Plain and comprise

1.1 million of Mississippi’s 16.5

million acres of commercial forest

land. Extending north from the

coastal region, loblolly and shortleaf pine cover 4.2 million acres.

Hardwood forests dominate

the remaining acreage, some

two-thirds of the total. About

3.5 million acres of uplands are

occupied by oak, hickory, and

other hardwoods in mixture

with various pines. In the Delta

and along rivers and streams

throughout the State are stands

of bottom land hardwoods that

also total 3.5 million acres. Upland hardwood forests, largely

concentrated in a zone bordering

the eastern edge of the Mississippi

River alluvial plain, total 4.2 million acres.

Table I. Change in commercial forest land, 1967 to 1977

Resource

region

Additions from: Diversions to:

Net

change Total Nonforest Noncommercial

forest Total Agrictilture Other

___________________-------------------- --------Thousandacres _-___--_-- - _____ -____-_-----_--------------

Delta - 12.4 254.0 253.8 0.2 266.4 213.1 53.3

North - 85.7 544.1 543.7 .4 629.8 423.2 206.6

Central - 91.5 258.0 258.0 349.5 275.0 74.5

South - 195.1 157.2 157.2 352.3 255.1 97.2

Southwest - 2.9 212.2 211.1 1.1 215.1 182.0 33.1

All regions -387.6 1.4255 1.423.8 1.7 1.813.1 1.348.4 464.7

5
Mississippi forests contain nearly

20 billion cubic feet of timber. The

inventory includes volume found

in all kinds of trees, including

those too rough and rotten to

meet merchantability standards,

as well as dead ones considered

salvable. Volume in growing stock,

that is, trees presently or prospectively suitable for sawtimber,

totals more than 17 billion cubic

feet. This is an increase of 24

percent since 1967.

Softwoods Have Gained

Softwood growing stock volume

currently stands at 8.9 billion

cubic feet, almost all southern

pine. Loblolly pine comprises over

half the softwood inventory,

followed by shortleaf (fig. 2). Both

species are common throughout

the State except in the Delta

region. Longleaf and slash pines

are confined to the southern part

of the State.

The current volume represents

a 30-percent gain over the 1967

inventory (table II). North Mississippi led with a 78-percent increase. This region had been

heavily depleted of timber by the

1940’s, but reduced cutting and

increased fire protection set the

stage in subsequent decades for

responsive growth. Too, extensive

tree planting has been done in

this region to establish protective

cover on highly erodible soils,

LOBLOLLY PINE

SHORTLEAF PINE

OTHER PINES

OTHER SOFTWOODS

RED OAKS

WHITE OAKS

SWEETGUM

HICKORY

TUPELO 8 BLACKGUM

YELLOW - POPLAR

OTHER HARDWOODS

0 I 2 3 4 5

BILLION CUBIC FEET

Figure 2. -Growing stock by species

especially in the Yazoo and Little

Tailahatchie drainage systems.

Although wildfire, overgrazing,

and clearing have reduced the

acreage, these plantings are still

a contributing factor to inventory

gains. The forests are not heavily

stocked in this region. Inventory

trends, therefore, are likely to

continue but at a more moderate

pace.

The South region has a higher

proportion of its timber inventory

in softwood than any other region

in Mississippi. Thii preponderance

of softwood, plus the region’s

proximity to a high concentration

of primary manufacturing facilities,

make it an important contributor

to Mississippi’s timber economy.

Table II. Growing stock volume in 1977 and change since 1967

Resource

region

Delta 105.5 +35 1,452.0 +21

North L741.8 +78 2J47.2 +18

Central 2823.8 +32 1830.3 +14

South 2,359.3 +8 1,256.5 +5

Southwest 1,898.7 +30 L618.6 +28

All regions 8.929.1 +30 8.304.6 +17

I

Softwood Hardwood

Volume Change’ Volume Change’

Million

cubic feet Percent Million

cubicfeet Percent

Because of heavy use and the

damage caused by Hurricane

Camille, the region’s softwood

inventory has increased only 8

percent since 1967.

The Central and Southwest

regions gained 32 and 30 percent, respectively, in softwood

volume. These two areas have

much higher average volumes per

acre than the rest of the State.

The southern part of the Central

region is an important timber

contributor to the same industries

that draw from the South region.

Softwood volume in the Delta

is overshadowed by the hardwood

inventory. Softwoods comprise

only 7 percent of the timber

volume.

As shown in fig. 3, softwood

gains took place across the range

of diameters, but the greatest

increases were in trees from 10 to

14 inches in diameter. The gains

in these sizes are encouraging.

1 Based on current measurement standards

6
These classes are not only harvested for pulpwood and small

saw logs, but also are the reservoi

from which larger timber in the

future must come.

0 6 $ 0 1 4

DBH fINCHESI

Figure 3. - Sojtwood growing stock b:

tree diameter, 1967 and 1977

r

Approximately three-fourths of

the growing stock volume is in

sawtimber-sized trees, which are

at least nine inches in diameter.

The,sawtimber portion of the

inventory totals 35.4 billion board

feet, which represents a 37-

percent increase over the 1967

inventory (table III). Regional

trends followed those of growing

stock.

Uardwoods Increase

Modem tely

Hardwood growing stock currently

totals 8.3 billion cubic feet. Red

oaks comprise 30 percent of the

inventory, and sweetgum and

white oaks are next with almost

equal volumes (fig. 2). Select oak

species, however, comprise only

about one-third of the total oak

volume. d

The hardwood component

gained 17 percent over the inventory of 1967 (table II), but the

situation varies among regions.

Reduction of land clearing has

resulted in a Zl-percent increase

in hardwood inventory in the

Delta. However, the more productive sites have been cleared

for agriculture, and much of this

volume is confined to more

inaccessible sites of lower quality.

Fragmentation of Delta forests

into isolated pieces has rendered

management of this hardwood

inventoy more difficult. The

Southwest had the biggest inIndustry on the rise. Amount of roundwood cut into pulpwood and otherjorest products in 1976 was about three-fourths

greater than the comparable harvest reported a decade earlier. In 1976, s&wood sawtimber growth in south and central

Mississippi barely equalled removals.

7
Table III. Sawtimber volume in 1977 and change since 1967

Resource

region

B Softwood Hardwood

Volume , Change’ Volume Change’

Million

board feet Percent Million

board feet Percent

Delta 344.3 +28 5.538.9 +27

North 5.677.9 +93 5.827.5 +27

Central 11.565.6 +48 5.074.9 +14

South 8.986.7 +4 3.504.8 +2

Southwest 8.795.5 +43 ( 5.325.5 +31

AU regions 35.370.0 +37 25.271.6 +21

’ Based on current measurement standards.

North Mississippi leads. The North region of the state led all other regions in

softwood volume increase since the last survey, with a 78-percent gain. One

reason was the extensive tree planting that established protective cover on highly

erodible soils.

crease in growing stock volume;

the South region, the least.

Distribution of the volume

increase in hardwood was relatively uniform throughout the

various size classes (fig. 4). The

combined 1976 production of

hardwood veneer and saw logs

was only marginally greater than

the 1966 output. Consequently,

removals from the upper diameters have not increased greatly.

The big increase in hardwood

roundwood production has been

in pulpwood. In contrast to saw

and veneer logs, these removals

can take place across a wide

range of size classes.

Hardwood sawtimber volume

increased 21 percent since 1967

(table III). Regional trends for

sawtimber volumes followed those

for growing stock.

I 06

I I I I

lo 14 18 22+

DaH (1NctiE~I

Ggure 4. -Hardwood growing stock by

tree diameter, 1967 and 1977

Over one-half of the hardwood

inventory in Mississippi is on

upland sites that vary widely in

capacity to grow quality sawtimber. Of these uplands, the

most productive are the Brown

Loam Bluffs and adjoining loessal

uplands. The remainder of the

inventory is in bottom lands, of

which one-quarter is found in the

Delta region.

8
GROWTH

AND REMOVALS

Growth Is Mainly Pine

Yearly timber losses ascribed to

forest fires, insect pests, tree

diseases, and other natural causes

exceed 120 million cubic feet. The

loss, equivalent to 12 percent of

the net growth of growing stock,

is greater for hardwoods than for

softwoods. It is noteworthy that

some 45 percent of all softwood

mortality is concentrated in

southern Mississippi, presumably

because of trees damaged or

otherwise weakened by Hurricane

Camille in 1969. After allowance

Hurricane damage in South. Extensive damage of timber by ffunicane Camille in

1969 is partly responsiblefor the region not showing a larger increase in sc#wood

volume since the last survey.

is made for mortality, net annual

growth in Mississippi amounts to

589 million cubic feet of softwood

growing stock and 424 million of

hardwood. This means that the

net growth averages 6 percent, or

about 61 cubic feet per acre of

commercial forest.

For sawtimber alone, growth

totals 2,706 million board feet of

softwood and 1,589 million of

hardwood. Virtually all of the

softwood growth is southern pine,

mainly loblolly. More than half of

the hardwood growth is oak. The

more valuable red and white

oaks - cherrybark, Shumard,

northern red, white, swamp

chestnut, swamp white, and

zhinkapin - make up about onethird of all ask sawtimber growth.

Among the numerous other hardwood species in Mississippi,

sweetgum accounts for the biggest share of sawtimber growth.

Growth Imbalance

Is Developing

In 1976, timber removals from

Mississippi forests totaled 492

million cubic feet of softwood and

241 million of hardwood. All

together, softwoods made up 67

percerit of the removals, although

they comprise only 52 percent of

the growing stock inventory.

About 80 percent of the total

removals consisted of roundwood

harvested for processing into

lumber, pulp, and veneer. The

amount of roundwood cut into

these products in 1976 was

some three-fourths greater than

the comparable harvest reported

a decade earlier.

9
Included in the timber removals

from growing stock is an estimated 3,379 million board feet of

sawtimber volume. Primary woodusing industries are largely

dependent for their needs upon

trees of sawtimber size, that is,

softwoods at least 9 inches in

diameter and hardwoods 11

inches and larger. For the State

as a whole, hardwood sawtimber

growth exceeded annual removals by 53 percent (fig. 5).

But for softwood sawtimber,

growth exceeded removals by

only 15 percent; at the time of

the prior survey, softwood sawtimber growth in Mississippi was

nearly double annual removals.

An imbalance between softwood growth and removals may

be developing, especially in south

and central Mississippi. In 1976,

sofhvood sawtimber growth in

both of these regions barely

equalled removals. Pine sawtimber, however, continues to

grow faster than it is being harvested in the Southwest and in

the North regions.

I 1

Aside from geographic variation between growth and removals,

differences also exist among the

major ownership classes. Hardwood sawtimber growth exceeded

removals by about 50 percent for

each of the three major ownership groups -public, forest

industry, and nonindustrial

private. But striking differences

emerge with respect to softwood.

On public land, mainly National

Forests, softwood sawtimber

growth was about two-thirds

greater than removals, and a

growth surplus of more than 20

percent occurred in 1976 on

private, nonindustrial ownerships.

By contrast, pine sawtimber

removals exceeded growth by

nearly 30 percent on industrial

moldings. Moreover, the magni-

:ude of overcut on industry lands

Jaries by region. In both central

2nd southwest Mississippi, harvest

exceeded growth by more than 60

lercent; in the South region, it

vas 30 percent. A substantial

;urplus on industrial forests

occurred only in north Mississippi,

where growth was more than

wice the removals.

SOFT WOO

HARDWOOD

0 1,000 2,000 3,’

MILLION BOARD FEET

is3 NET ANNUAL GROWTH

p!J ANNUAL REMOVALS

Figure 5. - Sawtimber growth and cut, 1976

30 0

1 0
MZUVAGEMENT

OPPORTUNITIES

Forest industry development has

proceeded at a rapid pace in

recent years, spurred to a great

extent by gains in the softwood

inventory. But this increase in

pine volume has moderated

since 1967, and it is unlikely

that a mere continuation of

recent trends can sustain future

growth in forest-based industries.

In order to provide an adequate

timber supply for the future, management practices and investments must be intensified now.

Many Pine Stands

Require Treatment

Oak-hickory stands growing on

sites better suited to pine represent one of the more difficult

resource problems in Mississippi.

Removal of such hardwood

usually requires expensive site

preparation. Large owners and

forest industry can assume the

heavy financial costs involved in

rehabilitating these stands, but

the small landowner cannot.

Since little merchantable material

can be harvested, little cash flow

is generated in the removal of the

overburden. That further comlounds the problem for the small

andowner. Most sites would have

o be regenerated by planting or

ieeding, and any large-scale

!ffort to reforest these stands

night tax the State’s ability to

xoduce seedlings.

Despite these problems, this

esource condition affects a coniderable acreage, and conversion

jf even a portion of it would

ubstantially increase the pine

esource base. Many of these sites

ould be highly productive, and

heir reclamation should take

xecedence over sites whose

reatment costs may be lower but

uhose productive potential is less.

Oak-pine forests occupy more

han three million acres. Although

hese forests are predominantly

lardwood, they contain a pine

omponent which ranges from

15 to 49 percent of the stand.

iome have such an insufficient

line stocking that the stand

would best be cut and a pine

stand established. In contrast

to oak-hickory, many of these

stands have a pine seed source,

so natural regeneration can be

used. About 40 percent of the

oak-pine has an adequate pine

seed source.

Other oak-pine stands have

enough pine stocking for a manageable stand. In these, the

primary treatment consists of

freeing the pines by eliminating

the competing hardwoods. Here

again, financial problems are encountered by small landowners.

Another 5 million acres support

pine cover types that vary widely

in stocking. An overriding concern

regarding these stands is that provisions be made for regeneration

to pine when harvest cuts are

made. Even though these areas

11
Forest economy has grown.

Forest industry has developed

at rapid pace because of gains

in sofhuood industry.

can be seeded artificially, the use

of natural regeneration systems

can lower costs, and every acre

restocked this way frees planting

stock or seeds for areas that must

be regenerated artificially. Since

proceeds from timber harvest are

available, the problem of financing

is less than for other practices.

Hardwood Sites

Need Attention

Some 5 million acres in Mississippi are quality hardwood sites.

These include not only the bottom lands in the Delta and those

adjacent to other river systems,

but also areas contained in the

loessal uplands that border the

eastern boundary of the Mississippi River Alluvial Valley.

To appraise the condition of

the timber resource, forest land in

Mississippi was classified according to the amount of desirable

trees present. A desirable tree is

growing stock that is vigorous,

has no defects that would seriously limit its use, and contains

no pathogens that would cause

death or serious degrade before

rotation age. Growing stock not

classed as “desirable” is called

“acceptable”.

Some 233,000 acres of hardwood sites are at least medium

stocked with desirable trees. In

these stands, management should

focus on removals of less preferred stems. On some acres, no

special treatment is necessary.
But on the rest, cull tree removal

and thinning acceptable trees can

free growing space and promote

increased occupancy of the desirables. Chances are that some

timber removed from these stands

in cultural operations will be salable growing stock, and enough

cash proceeds will be generated

to pay for treatment.

Stands that are poorly stocked

with desirable trees but at least

medium stocked with growing

stock total 3 million acres. A portion of the acceptable tree inventoy must be included with the

desirable to have enough stocking

in crop trees. Rehabilitation of

these acres will take longer, and

remedial measures must be taken

to improve them. These stands,

by themselves, will not evolve into

better ones. Stand improvement

should be aimed at removing

culls and lower quality growing

stock to make growing space

available for favored stems. Cultural operations in some stands

might yield enough revenue to

cover costs. In others, the removed material may not be merchantable because of size or

quality. In this instance, cash

outlays would be required.

The remaining acreage of

hardwood sites is poorly stocked

with growing stock trees and is

the least tractable to treatment.

While some can be nursed back

to good condition, others have

such little growing stock that the

chances for improvement are nil.

Establishment of a new stand is

the only alternative. Unfortunately, it may be an expensive

operation that involves removal

of existing vegetation, Many

stands will have less desirable

species, and promoting the preferred ones will be a formidable

task. Rehabilitation will take

a long time.

Outlook

Many changes have occurred in

the timber resources of Mississippi

since 1967. Forest area declined

2 percent, and the timber inventory increased- 17 percent for

hardwoods and 30 percent for

softwoods-during a period of

expansion in the forest products

industries. But what about

the future?

The moderate decline in forest

area seems destined to continue

for the near future. Urban expansion, rights-of-way, agriculture,

and other land uses will continue

to claim forest land. These losses

will be partially offset by reversions to forest.

The hardwood inventory is

expected to increase in the future.

Measures aimed at improving the

hardwood resource should be

concentrated on the better hardwood sites in the bottom lands

and loessal areas.

The prospect for softwood

varies by region. Northern

Mississippi has registered large

gains in softwood volume, and it

is likely that increases will continue. The South and part of the

Central region are areas of high

industrial activity, and possible

gains there may be moderated by

increases in timber harvests. It is

especially important that the pine

resource be augmented by timber

stand improvement, prompt regeneration following harvest, and

type conversion.

Only by improving the resource

now can Mississippi forests fully

provide for an expanding timber

economy in the years ahead.

13
Survey Methods

The data on forest acreage and timber volume were secured by a

sampling method involving a forest-nonforest classification on aerial

photographs and on-the-ground measurements of trees at sample locations. The sample locations were at the intersections of a grid of lines

spaced 3 miles apart. In Mississippi, 140,945 photographic classifications were made and 8,020 ground sample locations were visited.

The initial estimates of forest area that were obtained with the

aerial photographs were adjusted on the basis of the ground check.

A cluster of 10 variable-radius plots were installed at each ground

sample location. Each sample tree on the variable-radius plots represented 3.75 square feet of basal area per acre. Trees less than 5.0

inches in diameter were tallied on fixed-radius plots around the plot

centers. Together, these samples provided most of the information

for the new inventory.

The plots established by the prior survey were remeasured to

determine the elements of change and were the basis for estimating

growth, mortality, removals, and changes in land use.

A special study was made to determine product output. It consisted

of a canvass of all primary wood-using plants active in Mississippi

during 1976. Out-of-state firms known to use Mississippi roundwood

tiere also contacted. Additionally, fuelwood and other domestic uses

Nere determined from an area sample.

Reliability of the Data

Reliability of the estimates may be affected by two types of errors.

The first stems from the use of a sample to estimate the whole and

from variability of the items being sampled. This is termed sampling

arror; it is susceptible to a mathematical evaluation of the probability

3f error. The second type-often referred to as reporting or estimating error-derives from mistakes in measurement, judgment, or

recording, and from limitations of method or equipment. Its effects

:annot be appraised mathematically, but the Forest Service attempts

:o hold it to a minimum by proper training and good supervision,

and by emphasis on careful work.

1 4
Statistical analysis of the data indicates a sampling error of plus or

minus 0.3 percent for the estimate of total commercial forest area,

1.4 percent for total cubic volume, and 1.9 percent for total boardfoot volume. As these totals are broken down by forest type, species,

tree diameter, and other subdivisions, the possibility of error increases

and is greatest for the smallest items. The order of this increase is

suggested in the following tabulation, which shows the sampling errOr

to which the timber volume and area estimates are liable, two

chances out of three:

Sampling errors for commercial forest area, growing-stock and sawtimber volumes, Mississippi, 1977

Commercial

forest

area

Sampling Cubic Sampling Board-foot Sampling

error’ volume* error’ volume3 error’

Thousand

acres

16,504.3

1.4853

371.3

165.0

92.8

59.4

14.8

6.6

3.7

2.4

1 By random-sampling formula

Percent Million

cubic feet Percent

0.3 . 1.0 17,233.7 1.4

Million

board feet Percent

1.9

2.0 8.4445 2.0 54.729.0 2.0

3.0 3,753.l 3.0 24,324.0 3.0

4.0 2,111.l 4.0 13.682.3 4.0

5.0 1.351.1 5.0 8,756.6 5.0

10.0 337.8 10.0 2,189.2 10.0

15.0 150.1 15.0 973.0 15.0

20.0 84.4 20.0 547.3 20.0

25.0 54.0 25.0 350.3 25.0

*Growing-stock volume on commercial forest land. 3 Sawtimber volume on commercial forest land.

The sampling error to which the estimates of growth, mortality, and

removals are liable, on a probability of two chances out of three, are:

Net annual growth and timber removals sampling error, Mississippi, 1976

Net annual growth

Sampling Board-foot Sampling Cubic

error’ volume error] volume

Annual removals

Board-foot

I

Sampling

volume error 1

Million

cubic feet Percent Million,board feet

1.013.2 1.5

569.9 2.0 4,295.0

253.3 3.0 2,309.8

142.5 4.0 1.299.2

91.2 5.0 831.5

22.8 10.0 207.9

10.1 15.0 92.4

5.7 20.0 52.0

3.6 25.0 33.3

Percent Million

cubic feet

733.5 1.6

2.2 469.4 2.0

3.0 208.6 3.0

4.0 117.4 4.0

5.0 75.1 5.0

10.0 18.8 10.0

15.0 8.3 15.0

20.0 4.7 20.0

25.0 3.0 25.0

Percent Million

board feet Percent

. . . . 3.378.7 2.3

1.985.9 3.0

1.117.1 4.0

714.9 5.0

178.7 10.0

79.4 15.0

44.7 20.0

28.6 25.0

1 By random-sampling formula.

1 5
DEFINI77ONS

OF TERMS

/ Forest Land Class

Forest land. Land at least 16.7 percent stocked by forest trees of any

size, or formerly having such tree

cover and not currently developed

for nonforest use.

Commercial forest land. Forest

land that is producing or is capable

of producing crops of industrial

wood and not withdrawn from

timber utilization.

Nonstocked land. Commercial forest land less than 16.7 percent

stocked with growing-stock trees.

Productive-reserved forest land.

Productive public forest land withdrawn from timber utilization

through statute or administrative

regulation.

Unproductive forest land. Forest

land incapable of yielding crops of

industrial wood because of adverse

site conditions.

Tree Species

Commercial species. Tree species

currently or prospectively suitable

for industrial wood products;

excludes so-called weed species

such as blackjack oak and blue

beech.

iardwoods. Dicotyledonous trees,

usually broad-leaved and deciduous.

Softwoods. Coniferous trees, usually

evergreen, having needle or scalelike leaves.

Forest Type

Longleaf-slash pine. Forests in

which longleaf or slash pine, singly

or in combination, comprise a

plurality of the’stocking. Common

associates include other southern

pines, oak, and gum.

Loblolly-shortleaf pine. Forests in

which southern pine and eastern

redcedar except longleaf or slash

pine, singly or in combination,

comprise a plurality of the stocking. Common associates include

oak, hickory, and gum.

Oak-pine. Forests in which hardwoods (usually upland oaks)

comprise a plurality of the stocking

but in which softwoods, except

cypress, comprise 25-50 percent of

the stocking. Common associates

include gum, hickory, and yeilowpoplar.

Oak-hickory. Forests in which

upland oaks or hickory, singly or

in combination, comprise a plurality of the stocking except where

pines comprise 25-50 percent, in

which case the stand would be

classified oak-pine. Common

associates include yellow-poplar,

elm, maple, and black walnut.

3ak-gum-cypress. Bottom land

forests in which tupelo, blackgum,

sweetgum, oaks, or southern

cypress, singly or in combination,

comprise a plurality of the stocking

except where pines comprise 25-

50 percent, in which case the

stand would be classified oak-pine.

Common associates include

cottonwood, willow, ash, elm,

hackberry, and maple.

16
Elm-ash-cottonwood. Forests in

which elm, ash, or cottonwood,

singly or in combination, comprise

a plurality of the stocking. Com-

.mon associates include willow,

sycamore, beech, and maple.

Class of Timber

Growing stock trees. Sawtimber

trees, poletimber trees, saplings,

and seedlings: that is, all live trees

except rough and rotten trees.

Desirable trees. Growing-stock

trees that have no serious defects

to limit present or prospective use,

are of relatively high vigor, and

contain no pathogens that may

result in death or serious deterioration before rotation age. They

comprise the type of trees that

forest managers aim to grow; that

is, the trees favored in silviculturai

operations.

Acceptable trees. Trees meeting

the specifications for growing stock

but not qualifying as desirable

trees.

Sawtimber trees. Live trees of

commercial species, 9.0 inches

and larger in dbh for softwoods

and 11.0 inches and larger for

hardwoods, and containing at least

one 12-foot saw log.

Poletimber trees. Live trees of

commercial species 5.0 to 9.0

inches in dbh for softwoods and

5.0 to 11.0 inches for hardwoods,

and of good form and vigor.

Saplings. Live trees of commercial

species, 1.0 inch to 5.0 inches in

dbh and of good form and vigor.

Rough and rotten trees. Live trees

that are unmerchantable for saw

logs now or prospectively because

of defect, rot, or species.

Salvable dead trees. Standing or

down dead trees that are considered currently or potentially

merchantable.

Stand-Size Class

Sawtimber stands. Stands at least

16.7 percent stocked with growingstock trees, with half or more of

this stocking in sawtimber or

poletimber trees, and with sawtimber stocking atleast equal to

j poletimber stocking.

Poletimber stands. Stands at least

16.7 percent stocked with growingstock trees, with half or more of

this stocking in sawtimber or

poletimber trees, and with poletimber stocking exceeding that of

sawtimber stocking.

Sapling-seedling stands. Stands at

least 16.7 percent stocked with

growing-stock trees, with more

than half of this stocking in saplings or seedlings.

Nonstocked areas. Commercial

forest lands less than 16.7 percent

stocked with growing-stock trees.

Stocking

Stocking is a measure of the extent

to which the growth potential of the

site is utilized by trees or preempted

by vegetative cover. Stocking is

determined by comparing the stand

density in terms of number of trees

or basal area with a specified standard. Full stocking is assumed to

range from 100 to 133 percent of

the stocking standard.

The tabulation below shows the

density standard in terms of trees

per acre, by size class, required for

full stocking:

- -

Seedlings

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

ii

2 2

;:

2 8

3 0

Volume

Volume of sawtimber. Net volume

of the saw-log portion of live sawtimber trees in board feet of the

International rule, % inch kerf.

Volume of growing stock. Volume

of sound wood in the bole of sawtimber and poletimber trees from

stump to a minimum 4.0-inch top

outside bark or to the point where

the central stem breaks into limbs.

17
Volume of timber. The volume of

sound wood in the bole of growing

stock, rough, rotten, and salvable

dead trees 5.0 inches and larger

in d.b.h. from stump to a minimum

4.0-inch top outside bark or to the

point where the central stem

breaks into limbs.

Area Condition Chs

A classification of commercial

forest land based upon stocking by

desirable trees and other conditions

affecting current and prospective

timber growth.

Class 10. Areas 100 percent or more

stocked with desirable trees and

not overstocked.

Class 20. Areas 100 percent or more

stocked with desirable trees and

overstocked with all live trees.

Class 30. Areas 60 to 100 percent

stocked with desirable trees and

with less than 30 percent of the

area controlled by other trees,

inhibiting vegetation, slash, or

nonstockable conditions.

Class 40. Areas 60 to 100 percent

stocked with desirable trees and

with 30 percent or more of the

area controlled by other trees, or

conditions that ordinarily prevent

occupancy by desirable trees.

Class 50. Areas less than 60 percent

stocked with desirable trees, but

with 100 percent or more stocking

of growing-stock trees.

Class 60. Areas less than 60 percent

stocked with desirable trees, but

with 60 to 100 percent stocking of

growing-stock trees.

Class 70. Areas less than 60 percent

stocked with desirable trees and

with less than 60 percent stocking

of growing-stock trees.

Miscellaneous Definitions

Basal area. The area in square feet

of the cross seeon at breast height

of a single tree or of all the trees

in a stand, usually expressed as

square feet per acre.

Dbh (Diameter breast high). li-ee

diameter in inches, outside bark,

measured at 4% feet above

ground.

Diameter classes. The 2-inch

diameter classes extend from 1.0

inch below to 9.0 inch above the

stated midpoint. Thus, the 12-

inch class includes trees 11.0

inches through 12.9 inches dbh.

Site classes. A classification of forest

land in terms of inherent capacity

to grow crops of industrial wood.

Log grades. A classification of logs

based on external characteristics as

indicators of quality or value.

Gross growth. Annual increase in

net volume of trees in the absence

of cutting and mortality.

Net annual growth. The increase in

volume of a specified size class for

a specific year. Components of net

annual growth include the increment in net volume of trees at the

beginning of the specific year

surviving to its end plus volume of

trees reaching the size class during

the year minus the volume of trees

that died during the year minus

the net volume of trees that become rough or rotten during the

year.

Mortality. Number or sound-wood

volume of live trees dying from

natural causes during a specified

period.

Timber removals. The net volume

of growing-stock trees removed

from the inventory by harvesting,

cultural operations such as timberstand improvement, land clearing,

or changes in land use.

Timber products. Roundwood

products and plant byproducts.

Timber products output includes

roundwood products cut from

growing stock on commercial

forest land; from other sources,

such as cull trees, salvable dead

trees, limbs, and saplings; from

trees on noncommercial and

nonforest lands; and from plant

byproducts.

Roundwood products. Logs, bolts,

and other round sections cut from

trees for industrial or consumer

uses. Included are saw logs, veneer

logs and bolts, cooperage logs and

bolts, pulpwood, fuelwood, piling,

poles and posts, hewn ties, mine

timbers, and various other round,

split, or hewn products.

Logging residues. The unused

portions of trees cut or killed by

logging.

Plant byproducts. Wood products,

such as pulp chips, obtained

incidental to manufacture of other

products.

Plant residues. Wood materials

from manufacturing plants not

utilized for some product. Includedare slabs, edgings, trimmings,

miscuts, sawdust, shavings, veneer

cores and clippings, and pulp

screening.

18
I

I.-Area by land classes.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20

2. -Area of commercial forest land by ownership classes . . . . 20

3. -Area of commercial forest land by stand-size and

ownership classes.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20

4. -Area of commercial forest land by stand-volume and

ownership classes.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20

5. -Area of commercial forest land by stocking classes based

on selected stand components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21

‘6. -Area of commercial forest land by area-condition and

ownership classes.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -21

7. -Area of commercial forest land by site and ownership

classes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22

8. -Area of commercial forest land by forest types and

ownership classes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . :. . . . . . . . .22

9. -Area of noncommercial forest land by forest types . . . . . . 22

10. -Number of growing-stock trees on commercial forest land

by species and diameter classes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23

11. - Volume of timber on commercial forest land by class of

timber and by softwoods and hardwoods.. . . . . . . . . . . . .24

12. - Volume of growing stock and sawtimber on commercial

forest land by ownership classes and by sojtwoods and

hardwoods.....................................24

13. - Volume of growing stock on commercial forest land by

species and diameter classes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -25

14. - Volume of sawtimber on commercial forest land by

species and diameter classes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26

15. - Volume of sawtimber on commercial forest land by

species and log grade. . . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27

16. -Annual growth and removals of growing stock on

commercial forest land by species.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -27

17. -Annual growth and removals of growing stock on

commercial forest land by ownership classes and by

sojtwoods and hardwoods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27

18. -Annual growth and removals ojsawtimber on commercial

forest land by species. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -28

19. -Annual growth and removals of sawtimber on commercial,

forest land by ownership classes and by s&woods

andhardwoods..................................’28

20. -Mortality of growing stock and sawtimber on commercial

forest land by species. . . . . . _ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29

21. -Mortality of growing stock and sawtimber on commercial

forest land by ownership classes and by sojtwoods and

hardwoods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29

22. -Mortality of growing stock and sawtimber on commercial

forest land by causes and by s&woods and hardwoods. . .29

23. - Total output of timber products by product, by type of

material used, and by sojtwoods and hardwbods. . , . . . .30

24. - Output of roundwood products by source and by sojtwoods

andhardwoods....................-.............

25. -Timber removalsfiom growing stock on commercial

forest land by items and by SO&VO~~S and hardwoods. . .32

26. - Timber removals from live sawtimber on commercial

forest land by items and by sofhuoods and hardwoods. . .32

27. - Volume of plant residues by industrial source and type of

residue and by sojtwoods and hardwoods. . . . . . . . . . . . -32

19
Table 1. Area by land classes, Mississippi, 1977

Land class I AreXt

Thousand acres

Forest:

Commercial

Productive-reserved

16504.3

211.3

Unproductive

Total forest

Nonforest:

Cropla nd ’ Other*

Total nonforest

All land3

I Census of Agriculture.

16 715 6 u

8.189.0

5.404.4

13 593 4 u

30.309.0

*Includes pasture and range. industrial and urban areas. other nonforest land. and 157.475 acres. classed as water by Forest Survey

standards. but defined by the Bureau of the Census as land.

3 United States Bureau of the Census.

Table 2. Area of commercial forest Iand by ownership classes, Mississippi, 1977

Ownership class

Public:

National forest

Bureau of Land Management

Indian

Other federal

State

County and municipal

I Area

Thousand acres

1.122.0

.5

13.7

79.7

94.6

365.9

Total public

Private:

Forest industry’

Farmer

Miscellaneous ptivate:

Individual

Corporate

2.996.1

4.896.3

6.466.4

469.1

Total private

All ownerships 16,504.3

l Not including 299.7 thousand acres of farmer-owned and miscellaneous private lands leased to forest industry.

Table 3. Area of commercial forest land by stand-size and ownership classes, Mississippi, 1977

Sawtimber

Poletimber

Sapling and seedling

Nonstocked areas

AI1 classes

__---___----____--_-----*----- Thousandat-s----__I-__ -----------------

7.421.7 765.9 339.0 1.211.9 5.104.9

4,806.7 136.6 104.0 757.0 3809.1

4.121.0 219.5 111.4 996.2 2,793.9

154.9 31.0 123 9

16.504.3 1,122.0 554.4 2,996.l 11.831.8

Table 4. Area of commercial forest land by stand-volume and ownership classes, Mississippi, 1977

Stand-volume

per acre’

All National Other Forest Farmer

ownerships forest public industy and misc.

private

Less than 1.500 fbm

1.500 to 5.000 fbm

More than 5,000 fbm

All classes

* International %-inch rule.

_-_-_-__-----___-_--____________ Thousand ames ______.______________ -- ___--.

6.032.0 219.4 138.3 1.249.1 4.425.2

6.013.7 277.9 155.6 916.3 4663.9

4 458.6

16.504.3

624.7 ____ 260.5 830.7 2 742.7

1.122.0 554.4 2.996.1 11,831.8

20
Table 5. Area of commercial forest land by stocking classes based on selected stand

components, Mississippi, 1977

Stocking classified in terms of

Stocking 

percentage All Growing-stock trees Rough and Inhibiting

trees Total Desirable Acceptable rotten trees vegetation

_______--______________________________-----Thousand 0cre.q --___--_- - __--__ -- _________________________

160 or more 7.0

150 to 160 49.5 45.5 5.8 18.3

140 to 150 302.5 75.2 4.3

130 to 140 724.4 236.0 11.6 24.3

120 to 130 1.624.4 435.9 17.5 52.5

110 to 120 2.804.6 983.2 11.9 207.5 8.9

100 to 110 3547.3 1.7928 55.4 501.8 5.7

90 to 100 3.149.9 2.347.1 68.2 sss.5 4.9

so to 90 2.084.2 2.746.4 172.7 1.646.4 24.6

70 to so 1.091.4 2.467.8 374.4 2.170.0 42.4

60 to 70 558.7 2.055.3 622.7 2.559.5 175.7

50 to 60 251.3 1.421.1 779.2 2.287.9 437.3 12.2

40 to 50 123.9 909.9 1.124.0 2.243.2 1.113.9 lS.l

30 to 40 75.7 502.9 1.467.4 1.674.3 2.225.5 12.4

20 to 30 45.3 250.2 1.910.1 1.124.0 3.505.1 55.0

10 to 20 32.8 167.8 2.974.5 622.3 4.553.4 243.6

Less than 10 28.1 ~ ~

64.2 6.878.9 449.5 4.409.3 16 157.3

All areas 16504.3 16.504.3 16.504.3 16,504.3 16.504.3 16.504.3

Table 6. Area of commercial forest land by area-condition and ownership classes, Mississippi, 1977

Area-condition

class

All National Other Forest Farmer

ownerships forest public industry and misc.

private

10

20

30

40

ii:

70

All classes

________________________________ Thousandacres _______________________________

101.7 67.7 34.0

30.5 11.1 19.4

332.6 40.9 27.7 79.0 185.0

905.4 90.7 21.9 306.7 456.1

2.632.9 249.5 69.9 550.9 1.762.6

9.1s5.1 625.9 345.4 1.498.8 6.715.0

3.316.1 115.0 m 481.9 L2 629.7

16.504.3 1.122.0 554.4 2.996.1 11.831.8

21
Table 7. Area of commercial forest land by site and ownership classes, Mississippi,

1977

Site class

165 cu. ft. or more

1.20 to 165 cu. ft.

85 to 120 cu. ft.

50 to 85 cu. ft.

Less than 50 cu. ft.

All classes

All National OthGSt- Forest Farmer

ownerships forest public industry and misc.

private

__________-___________________ Thousand ams ____________._______________

507.8 15.0 18.8 137.1 336.9

2.542.6 205.4 94.4 440.5 1802.3

8.230.2 613.1 281.3 1.462.4 5.873.4

4.877.8 277.1 131.5 885.7 3.583.5

345.9 411.4 28.4 70.4 235.7

16JiO4.3 1.122.0 554.4 2.996.1 11.831.8

Table 8. Area of commercial forest land by forest types and ownership classes, Mississippi, 1977

Forest type All National Other Forest Farmer

ownerships forest public industry and misc.

private

Longleaf-slash pine

Loblolly-shortleaf pine

Oak-pine

Oak-hickory

Oak-gum-cypress

Elm-ash-cottonwood

All twes

_______ - _____________________ - Thousand a-s -_- --_______--__- -----

LO51.5 204.6 89.7 307.8 449.4

4,250.2 402.2 131.8 890.2 2,826.0

3,451.5 251.4 106.4 628.3 2,465.4

4.239.6 137.9 73.9 525.1 3.502.7

3,274.l 125.9 113.4 583.7 2.451.1

237.4 39.2 61.0 137.2

16.504.3 1.122.0 554.4 2.996.1 11.831.8

Table 9. Area of noncommercial forest land by forest types, Mississippi, 1977

Forest All Productive- Unproductive

*e areas reserved areas areas

------__-_--__--__ Thousand acres -----------------

Longleafslash

pine 6.2 6.2

Lobiolly

shortleaf

pine ‘21.0 21.0

Oak-pine 40.0 40.0

Oak.

hickory 108.7 108.7

Oak.gumcypress 35.4 35.4 2.z

All types 211.3 211.3 . . .

22
T&!e 10. Number of growing-stock trees on commercial forest land by species and diameter classes, Mississippi, I977

Species

Diameter class

(inches at breast height)

All 5.0- 7.0- 9.0- ll.O- 13.0- 15.0- 17.0- 19.0- 21.0- 29.0

classes 6.9 8.9 10.9 12.9 14.9 16.9 18.9 20.9 28.9 and

larger

________________________________________-------------------.----- Thousand trees ________________________________________---------~---~-~----~~---

Softwood:

Longleaf pine 49.930

Slash pine 79.745

Shortleaf pine 268.231

Loblolly pine 444.846

Spruce pine 7.811

Cypress 9.578

Other softwoods 8.119

Total 868,260

Hardwood:

Select white

oaks’

Select red

oaks*

Other white

oaks

Other red

oaks

Pecan

Other hickories

bueetgum

Tupelo and

blackgum

Hard maple

Soft maple

Beech

Ash

Cottonwood

Basswood

Yellow-poplar

Black walnut

Black cherry

Willow

Magnolia (mognolia spp.)

American elm

Other elms

Hackbeny

Sycamore

Other

69.338 24.93 1 15.719 10.390 6.869 4.802 3.336 1.660 S44 721 66

33.695 10.970 7.095 5.208 3.574 2.426 1.633 1.127 675 w5 102

73.245 28.S16 15.001 12.532 5.711 4.623 1.686 843 464 493 76

209.117 79.417 49.963 31.698 19.235 12.481 7.122 4.261 2.388 2.256 296

8.161 2.852 1.418 1.009 805 769 314 378 243 341 32

53.553 19.913 11.449 8.686 6.074 3.562 1.970 977 447 465 1 0

198.779 103.210 48.394 23.334 11.003 6.824 3.056 1.477 739 701 4 1

69.339

780

20.743

5.335

25.235

4.125

1.079

24.947

402

6.577

5.361

22.235 10.430 5.581 2.946 1.643 894 453 205 49 34

13.295 4.481 3.278 2.011 1.704 610 527 2x2 165 210

17.932 8.786 3.957 2.731 1.112 801 217 109 88 119

22.917 8.314 6.021 3.567 1.759 1.439 927 418 242 230

6.775 1.897 1.446 871 904 625 444 226 154 169

hardwoods 44.57 1

Total 937536

All species 1805,796

13.510 11.591 10.112 8.179

34.355 23.282 12.023 4.857

107.248 71.570 42.415 27.612

169.918 113.379 67.010 40.366

2.32 1 1.260 1.050 1.016

2.S64 1.714 1.563 899

3.303 3.035 754 758

333 519 t225 831 I

-

134 927 183 687

24.890

302

12.278

1.305

11.103

733

203

7.937

6.893

82

1.067

696

2.078

463

.I46

2.993

2.972

1.103

17.675 11.571

182 107

4.863 1.755

834 9s5

5.554 3.649

846 565

317 249

4.161 4.569

167 SO

2.241 501

1.422 1.008

315

549

30.514

b

397 357

730,876

7511

218095 .--J---

443,926

3.169 1.535 905 483 301 74 74

---A-.- 133 191 A

77 210 m 27,831 r5,380 8,133 s.561

268.1 18 160.897 95,344 51,812 27.155 13.614 12.947

4.006

3.007

12.209

23.710

664

771

126

44.493

4.497

54

455

520

1.175

373

45

2.202

3;:

358

1.593

I.501

4.830

14.624

696

678

59

23,981

- -

2.098

38

168

341

779

256

1 7

1.374

46

162

324

675

542

1.618

8.003

363

510

64

11,775

931

1 5

2;;

465

213

4 5

838

1 2

37

238

209

127

564

4.045

274

250

1 2

-

5481

474

33

187

194

134

3:;

11

9

151

55

5 1

165

3.683

167

251

8

4.380

310

3 1

21s

21s

409

38

490

1 5

140

,..

108

7s

186

- -

20

20

133

34

s

27

1 2

39

-..A

921 Z.ZZZZ

1,107

’ Includes white. swamp chestnut. chinkapin. Durand. and swamp white oaks

*Includes chetqbark. Shumard. and northern red oaks.

23
Table 11. Volume of timber on commercial forest land by class of timber and by sof6

woods and hardwoods, Mississippi, 1977

Class of timber All species softwood Hardwoo<

---------------------Million cubicfeet --~~~~--~-~---~~---

Sawtimber trees:

Saw-log portion

Upper-stem portion L

10.241.2 6.043.0 4.1982

1 463.6 681.3 782.3

Total 11.704.8 6.724.3 4.980.5

Poletimber trees L 5 528.9 L 2 204.8 L3 324.1

All growing stock 17,233.7 8.929.1 8,304.6

Rough trees 1.7759 198.0 1.577.9

Rotten trees 528.5 27.0 501.5

Salvable dead trees 14.1 8.9 5.2

All timber 19,552.2 9.163.0 10.389.2

Table 12. Volume of growing stock and sawtimber on commercial forest land by own

ership classes and by sofhuoods and hardwoods, Mississippi, 1977

Ownership

class

Growing stock Sawtimber

All

species softwood Hardwood All

species Softwood Hardwooc

National forest

Other public

Forest industry

Farmer and misc.

private

All ownerships

_____---_- Million cubicfeet--__---_- -_ --------- Millionboard feet --------.

I,7546 L252.7 501.9 8.018.2 6,363.4 1.6548

741.3 375.8 365.5 3.015.7 1,739.4 1.276.3

3,004.4 1.7255 1.278.9 10682.8 6,392.2 4,290.6

1 11733.4 5 575.1 6S58.3 38,924.9 1 20 875.01 18 0

17.233.7 8,929.1 K304.6 60.641.6 35370.0 25.271.6

24
Table 13. Volume of growing stock on commercial forest land by species and diameter classes, Mississippi,

1977

Species

All

classes

5.0-

6.9

7.0-

8.9

9.0-

10.9

Diameter class

(inches at breast height)

ll.O- 13.0- 15.0- 17.0- 19.0- 21.0- 29.0

12.9 14.9 16.9 18.9 20.9 28.9 and

larger

Softwood:

Longleaf

pine 635.1)

Slash pine 631.1

Shortleaf

pine 2391.6

Loblolly pine 4.915.3

Spruce pine 149.5

Cypress 162.8

Other softwoods 43.8

Total I8 929.1

Hardwood:

Select white

oaks 741.9

Select red

oaks 456.6

Other white

oaks 548.0

Other red

oaks 2.024.1

Pecan 112.3

Other

hickories 509.7

Sweetgum 1360.9

Tupelo and

blackgum 599.2

Hard maple 6.8

Soft maple 104.9

Beech 82.7

Ash 212.5

Cottonwood 126.0

Basswood 15.6

Yellow.

poplar 369.8

Black walnut 5.8

Black cherry 43.7

Willow ss .o

Magnolia

(magnolia

VP.) 156.4

American

elm 127.9

Other elms 126.7

Hackberry 189.9

Sycamore 117.1

Other hardwoods 178.1

Total b8 304.6

l-ill species 17.233.7

38.4 77.7 132,s 166.3 114.3 58.6 3o.s 11.9

75.3 132.8 141.6 97.2 86.4 58.6 28.0 7.2

4.2

4.0

266.5 441.1 505.5 520.3 332.2 188.6 85.4 37.2

428.6 695.3 793.7 745.7 645.3 559.5 410.9 265.2

6.1 7.2 13.2 21.1 20.5 26.7 20.2 18.6

5.4 S.6 16.1 15.2 20.4 26.2 25.0 14.8

14.8

347.1 20.7

15.9

17.2 13.9

7.1 14.7 6.0

827.4 1- 377 4 AI 608.9

9.4

1578 2 l____r_

2.1

1.221.2

1.6

d

920 1

2.4

602.7

3

giYj

d2

d403 4 34.6

60.5 83.9 104.2 112.2 111.3 104.0 69.6 41.3 46.9 7.7

27.6 43.0 55,s 59.4 55.9 52.4 44.5 35.1 70.4 12.5

61.0 83.7 107.8 778 87.3 41.2 28.7 19.6 33,s 7.1

191.3 279.7 307.7 301.6 264.4 203.3 166.1 111.8 157.1 41.1

7.3 6.S 9.5 11.7 15.0 9.7 13.4 11.4 22.9 4.6

39.2 5s.3 84.6 94.3 79.9 57.6 40.7 22.2 3 1 .o 1.9

210.2 256.0 239.3 192.8 174.5 110.3 689 42.5 59.2 7.2

54.3 90.3 109.6 111.2 98.3 59.4

.5 1.2 1.1 1.6 1.1 .9

30.7 24.6 15.7 14.5 87 4.1

2.3 3.6 9.4 10.2 10.5 10.3

27.0 29.7 35.8 31.2 25.1 218

1.0 48 6.0 7.9 10.2 8.S

.7 1.9 2.3 3.0 .9 .5

34.4

3::

s.7

18.1

10.2

1.9

22.2

1.7

10.3

85

9.1

1.1

19.5

1.5

15.4 2.0

12.8 2.5

42.0 26.0

3.3

20.1 26.2 50.1 55.3 58.0 50.7 39.1

.7 .9 1.8 1.4 .4

7.0 12.6 4.5 4.8 7.3 5.2 1.3

2.0 7.3 10.5 9.4 10.9 15.3 12.9

24.0

::

a.5

41.7 4.6

.7

10.6 .6

26.7 31.9 2S.7 26.3 183 12.6 7.8 2.3 1.8

10.0 17.2 18.5 24.S 12.1 13.7 8.5 7.5

19.5 22.5 25.6 17.3 17.4 6.9 4.4 3.5

20.0 27.5 30.3 22.4 2S.3 23.5 14.2 10.7

5.0 10.2 11.3 15.4 16.2 16.2 11.9 8.9

12.9 2.7

s.7 .9

13.0

12.9 6.1

498 L30.9

874.0 1 154 5 u

1.701.4 2.531.9

26.4 22.1

1.295.6 1.230.2

2.904.5 2.808.4

180 13.1

-

1 131.4 d842 9

2.352.6 1.763.0

10.6

.----A- 620 1

1.222.8

3.5

406.6

761.8

3.5

A6216

1.025.0

2

127,7

162.3

____________________----------------------------------------. Milljon cubicfeet --- ----------------------------_-------------____--_.---_-___

25
Table 14. Volume of sawtimber on commekial forest land by species and diameter classes, Mississippi, 1977

Species

All 9.0- 1 l.O- classes 10.9 12.9

Diameter class

(inches at breast height)

13.0- 15.0- 17.0- 14.9 16.9 18.9 19.0- 21.0- 20.9 28.9 29.0 and

larger

Softwood:

Longleaf pine

Slash pine

Shortleaf pine

Loblolly pine

Spruce pine

Cypress

Other softwoods

Total

Hardwood:

Select white oaks

Select red oaks

Other white oaks

Other red oaks

Pecan

Other hickories

Sweetgum

Tupelo and blackgum

Hard maple

Soft maple

Beech

Ash

Cottonwood

Basswood

Yellow-poplar

Black walnut

Black cherry

Willow

Magnolia (magnolia spp.)

American elm

Other elms

Hackberry

Sycamore

Other hardwoods

Total

All species

_______________________________------------------- Million board feet ---------_-----_---_-- _____.__I_____________

2.737.3 608.3

2.161.7 590.2

8609.7 2.175.8

20.256.2 3.383.7

739.6 53.9

766.8 59.1

98.7 22.6

~

35370.0 6893.6

-

883.6 635.4

507.8 488.5

2681.6 1.826.8

3.807.5 3.573.1

103.3 112.3

66.8 105.0

42.8 9.9

u80934 67510 --L--A334.2

341.8

1.099.7

3.210.1

147.3

141.0

7.4

5,281.5

180.0

167.7

505.5

2.417.8

120.5

134.3

12.9

24.2

23.7

93.9

2.151.3

94.0

93.5

1.7

35387 u

71.6

42.0

226.4

1,584.o

108.3

81.9

1.4

2,115.6 24823 -f---L-

.

-. .

. . 128.7

. . .

85.2

. . .

213 9 z=t?z=G

2.5981

1.740.2

1.519.1

6.356.7

492.1

1.662.9 : :

3.179.0

1.591.9

18.0

162.3

384.3

562.6

642.3

54.0

1.427.9

22.0

93.6

351.6

307.4

424.8

302.9 : :

558.4

461.8

357.7 1:

-

25,271.6

-

. . .

60641.6 6.893.6

510.6

242.5

339.8

1.268.8

SO.5

396.5

756.9

438.1

6.4

65.2

50.7

123.8

27.2

12.9

229.2

17.7

33.8

96.9

110.1

80.8

92.5

75.1

97.0

5 1230 -.-L--L

13.216.4

562.5

276.4

446.0

1.272.9

71.9

403.1

842.9

452.2

5.2

44.0

55.3

109.5

47.5

4.3

287.0

9.6

36.5

52.1

81.7

59.2

86.3

130.2

74.3

90.3

I

55009

12.251.9

561.0

277.6

214.1

LO62.9

52.0

310.3

579.0

297.4

4.5

19.7

58.2

109.2

44.0

3.3

273.2

7.9

25.5

83.6

64.0

74.4

38.3

125.6

87.9

69.2

4442.8

9.724.3

393.7

244.4

153.9

923.8

74.7

230.1

366.7

176.8

1.9

17.6

52.2

96.0

48.3

10.0

221.5

2.2

8.1

70.8

40.7

44.2

23.3

78.3

63.8

60.4

3.403.4

240.0 282.4

199.5 417.4

111.8 205.4

631.7 925.3

62.8 151.8

126.4 183.1

236.8 347.6

117.9 109.5

7.5

61.3

43.0

51.0

5.3

139.3

2.3

.9

47.4

13.9

42.2

21.1

57.1

50.6

19.5

2.289.3

6.942.1 4,404.P

8.3

92.9

67.4

251.1

18.2 . .

246.7 31.0

4.9

59.5

10.2

78.6

47.7

74.7

74.7

20.2

3,677.6

6.159.9

47.9

82.4

2%

28.4

13.4

49.1

. . .

. .

. .

13.7

13.7

173.2

.

.

4.4

. .

16.1

5.4

. . .

35.4

1.1

.*

- -

1 .W3.5

-

26
Table 15. Volume of sawtimber on commercial forest land by species and log grade,

Mississippi, 1977

Species All

grades Grade 1 Grade 2 Grade 3 Grade 4

_-___-_____-_----___------ Million board feet -----_-____-------________

SohJood:

Yellow pines

Cypress

Other softwoods

Total

Hardwood:

Select white and red oaks

Other white and red oaks

Hickoy

Hard maple

Sweetgum

Tupelo and blackgum

Ash. walnut. and black chery

Yellowpoplar

Other hardwoods

Total

All species

34504.5

766.8

98.7

35 370 0 -

4338.3

7875.3

2155.0

18.0

3.179.0

1.591.9

678.2

1.427.9

4.007.5

253716 ------L

60.641.6

2.7033

114.3

96.1

L2 913.7

505.2 545.5

489.5 948.5

234.2 400.6

275.2

110.7

84.0

113.3

419.1

2 2312 -2----L

5.144.9

1.5 13.1

523.0 1.534.1

340.4

145.1

227.3

614.7

4.046.6

8.573.9

4.378.1

149.0

2

4.527.3

27.4231

503.5

2.4

27.929.0

1.914.3

3230.2

1.006.2

905.5

349.7

623.7

1 S64.9

114417 --L---L

39.370.7

----z-z

1.073.3

3207.6

514.0

3.4

546.7

235.3

99.4

463.6

1 1os.s

7G

7552.1

Table 16. Annual growth and removals of growing

stock on commercial forest land by species, Mississippi, 1976

Species

I

Softwood:

Yellow pines

Cpress

Other softwoods

Total

Hardwood:

Select white and red oaks

Other white and red oaks

Hickory

Hard maple

Sweetgum

Tupelo and blackgum

Ash. walnut. and black chery

Yellowqoplar

Other hardwoods

Total

All species

Net annual

I

Annual

growth removals

-----Million cubicfeet -----

580.9 484.3

5.2 4.1

3.4 2

589 5 ____L 492.4

64.3 33.0

143.6 86.5

24.4 21.3

.6 .5

71.7 34.3

19.1 16.2

13.5 7.0

19.0 6.3

67.5 36.0

423.7 ’ 241.1

1.013.2 733.5

Table 17. Annual growth and removals ojgrowing stock on commercialforest land by

ownership classes and by sojlwoods and hardwoods, Mississippi, 1976

Ownership

class

National forest

Other public

Forest industry

Farmer and misc.

private

All ownerships

Net annual growth Annual removals

All

species Softwood Hardwood Allspecies Softwood Hardwood

-------___---_---------_-_---_------_-Millioncubicfeet -_-_- --- --_---- ---- -.- ------ --------_

78.5 56.6 21.9 30.8 27.5 3.3

33.3 lS.6 14.7 35.9 20.5 15.4

185.6 122.3 63.3 164.4 123.1 41.3

715,s 392.0 323.5 499.4 321.3 17s.i

1.013.2 589.5 423.7 733.5 492.4 241.1

2 7
Table 18. Annual growth and removals ofsawtimber on commercial forest land by species,

Mississippi, 1976

Species

Soitwood:

Yellow pines

Cypress

Other softwoods

Total

Hardwood:

Select white and red oaks

Other white and red oaks

Hickory

Hard maple

Sweetgum

Tupelo and blackgum

Ash, walnut, and black cherry

Yellow.poplar

Other hardwoods

Total

All species

I

Net annual

growth I

Annual

removak

-----Million board feet -----

2.670.2 2.312.5

28.6 21.5

6.8 8.6

2.705.6 2.342.6

277.3

567.8

96.6

1.1

184.8

64.0

46.8

108.7

242.3

1 589.4 .2-----

4,295.0

168.2

366.0

98.3

2.1

121.7

45.7

26.5

31.8

155.8

1.036.1

3,378.7

Table 19. Annual growth and removals of sawtimber on commercial forest land by

ownership classes and by softwoods and hardwoods, Mississippi, 1976

Ownership

class

Net annual growth

All Softwood Hardwood species

Annual removals

All

species softwood Hardwood

National forest

Other public

Forest industry

Farmer and misc.

private

All owner&ins

________--__---_---_------------------ Million boardfeet _-__-____________ L __________ --_--_

398.8 321.2 77.6 167.8 154.1 13.7

184.4 119.1 65.3 191.8 110.5 81.3

770.4 497.6 272.8 819.2 635.8 183.4

2 941.4

iz3

1767.7

2,705.6

L 1 173.7 2 199.9

3G

1442.2

2,342.6

757.7

1.589.4 1,036.l
Table 20. Mortality of growing stock and sawtimber on commercial forest land by species,

Mississippi, 1976

Species I

Growing

I

Sawstock timber

Softwood:

Yellow pines

Cdypress

Other softwoods

Total

Hardwood:

Select white and red oaks

Other white and red oaks

Hickory

Sweetgum

Tupelo and blackgum

Ash. walnut. and black cherry

Yellow~poplar

Other hardwoods

Total

All species

I I

Million Million

cubic board

.feet feet

55.0 169.2

3 1.5

7 ---.A- 1.7

56.0 172.4

3.0 11.S

15.3 49.5

4.1 15.3

9.9 22.7

4.7 17.7

2.7 6.S

1.3 4.0

24.7 78.2

65.7 206.0 =

121.7 378.4

Table 21. Mortality of growing stock and sawtimber on commercial forest land by

ownership classes and by softwoods and hardwoods, Mississippi, 1976

--

Growing stock Sawtimber

Ownership --zl

class Softwood Hardwood All

species species Softwood Hardwood

_-_---__---- Million cubic feet--- ---- ----- -- ---__-- -- Million board feet _--_- - --_--

National forest 9.1 6.5 2.6 29.7 22.9 6.8

Other public 5.5 2.3 3.2 KS.3 7.1 11.2

Forest industry 24.9 12.4 12.5 s7.0 42.6 44.4

Farmer and misc.

private s2.2 m p7.4 243.4 99.s 143.6

All ownerships 121.7 56.0 65.7 378.4 172.4 206.0

Table 22. Mortality of growing stock and sawtimber on commercial forest land by

causes and by softwoods and hardwoods, Mississippi, 1976

Cause of

death

Growing stock Sawtimber _---

All All

species Softwood Hardwood species Softwood Hardwood

Fire

Insects

Disease

Other

Unknown

All causes

---- ---- Million cubic

I.o 1.0

j&t------------ --__-- ----- Million board feet ----- -_---_

:G” 3.1 2.4 .7

10.3 9.7 32.1 30.9 1.2

26.5 11 .o 15.5 73.3 29.4 43.9

67.6 2% 39.0 223.7 93.2 130.5

15.7 J5.J 10.(1 _ _ 46.2 16.5 29.7

121.7 56.0 65.7 378.4 172.4 206.0

2 9
Table 23. Total output of timber products by product, by type of material used, and by softwoods and hardwoods, Mississippi, 1976

Product and Standard

species group units

Saw logs:

Softwood

Hardwood

Total

M fbm* 1.245.381 205,499 1.185.980 200.549 59.401 4,950

M fbml 509.499 87.073 509.499 87.073 . .

M fbrn’ 1.754.880 292,572 1,695,479 287,622 59,401 4,950

Veneer logs

and bolts:

Softwood

Hardwood

Total

Mfbm 458,470 71.705 458.470 71.705 ......

Mfbm 17,895 3,003 17.895 3,003 ......

Mfbm 476,365 74,708 476,365 74,708 ......

Pulpwood:

Softwood

Hardwood

Total

Std cd2 3.679.524 298.042 2.274.924 184,269 1.404,600 113.773

Std cd2 13662,755 133.020 1.281.155 102,492 381,600 30,528

Std cd2 5.342.279 431,062 3,556,079 286,761 1.786.200 144,301

Cooperage:

Softwood

Hardwood

Total

Mfbm . . . . .

Mfbm 1,574 227 1.574 227 . . .

Mtbm 1,574 227 1,574 227 . . . . . -

Piling:

Softwood

Hardwood

Total

M lin ft 10.770 7.709 10,770 7.709

M lin ft

M lin ft 10.770 7,709 10,770 7,709 . . . ..-

Poles:

Softwood

Hardwood

Total

M pieces

M pieces

M pieces

839 9.771 839 9,771

.

839 9,771 839 9,771 . . . . . .

Commercial posts

(round and split):

Softwood

Hardwood M pieces 5 J :, 3

Total M pieces 2,303 1,503 1,957 1,126 346 37i

M pieces 2.298 1.500 1.952 1.123 346 377

Total output

Number M ft3

Roundwkd

products

Number M ft3

Plant byproducts

Number M ft3

Other?

Softwood

Hardwood

Total

a

M ft3 11.482 11.482 7,156 7,156 4.326 4.326

M ft3 4,911 4.911 2,335 2,335 2,576 2,57C

M ft3 16,393 16,393 9,491 9,491 6,902 6,9OL

Total industrial

products:

Softwood

Hardwood

Total

. . . . . . . 482.282 123.42(

195,133 33.1&

. . . . . . . . . . . . 677,415 . . . 156,53(

Noncommercial posts

(round and split):

Softwood

Hardwood

Total

M pieces 1.747 1.118 1,747 1,118 . . M pieces 1,111 706 1.111 706 . . M pieces 2,858 1,824 2,858 1,824 . . . . .

Fuelwood:

Softwood

Hardwood

Total

Std cd 374,137 28.061 8.044 604 366.093 27.45’

Std cd 521.140 39,085 318,260 23,869 202,880 15,211

Std cd 895,277 67,146 326,304 24,473 568,973 42.67:

All products:

Softwood

Hardwood

484.004 150.88.

219,708 48,3Z

Total . . . . . .

1 International ‘/4 .inch rule.

*Rough wood basis (for example. chips converted to equivalent standard cords).

3 Includes furniture stock. handlestock. cooperage. and other minor industrial products.

Additionally. byproducts include material used for livestock bedding. mulch. etc.

4 Includes plant byproducts used for industrial and domestic fuel.

. . . 703,712 . . . 199.20
Table 24. Output of roundwood products by source and by softwoods and hardwoods, Mississippi, 1976

Product and All

species group sources

Growing-stock trees’ Rough

and Salvable Other

rotten dead

Total Sawtimber Poletimber trees* sources*

trees’

________________________________________---- Thousand cubic feet -- ________________________________________--

Industrial products:

Saw logs:

Softwood 200.549

Hardwood 87.073

Total 287.622

Veneer logs and bolts:

Softwood 71.705

Hardwood 3.003

Total 74.708

Pulpwood:

Softwood 184.269

Hardwood 102.492

Total 286.761

Misc. industrial products:

Cooperage:

Softwood

Hardwood 227

Total 227

Piling:

Softwood 7.709

Hardwood

Total 7,709

Poles:

Softwood 9.771

Hardwood

Total 9.771

Commercial posts (round and split):

Softwood - 1.123

Hardwood

Total

3

1.126

Other:

Softwood

Hardwood

Total

All misc. industrial products:

Softwood

Hardwood

Total

All industrial products:

Softwood

Hardwood

Total

Noncommercial posts

(round and split):

Softwood

Hardwood

Total

Fuelwood:

Softwood

Hardwood

Total

All products:

Softwood

Hardwood

Total

7.156

&2 335

9.491

1.026 . . . 1.026 . . . . . . 100

6.719 5.052 1.667 43 4 390

2.186 1.796 390 51 2 96

8,905 6.848 2,057 94 6 486

25.759 25.116 21.305 3.811 43 4 596

2.565 2.413 2.020 393 53 2 97

28.324 27.529 23.325 4.204 96 6 693

482.282 466.263 422.375 43.888 2.114 349 13.556

195.133 180.572 149.331 31.241 5.876 173 5.512

677.415 646,835 571.706 75.129 7.990 522 22.068

1.118

706

1.824

604

23.869

24,473

454.004

A219 708

703.712

509 311 19s 32 14 49

20.120 12.287 7s33 1.234 553 1.962

20.629 12.598 8.031 1.266 567 2,011

467.814 422.754 45.060 2.146 363 13.681

201.350 161.662 39.688 7.110 726 10.522

669.164 584,416 84,748 9.256 1,089 24,203

197.SO6 197.182 624 449 221 2.073

55.035 S2.924 2.111 1.597 441

282,841 280,106 2.735 2.046 221 2.514

70.249 70.249 436 1.020

2.951 2.951 39 1 3

73,200 73,200 . . . 475 . . . 1.033

173.092 133.639 39.453 1.186 124 9.867

90.173 61.436 28.737 4.187 171 7.961

263.265 195.075 68.190 5,373 295 17,828

224 224 2 1

224 224 . . . 2 . . . 1

7.676 7.676 33 -_

7,676 7.676 . . . . . . . . . 33

9.698 S.577 1.121 73

9,698 8,577 1.121 . . . . . . 73

1.023 1.023 100

-

’ On commercial forest land.

*includes noncommercial forest land. nonforest land such as fence rows. trees less than 5.0 inches in diameter. and treetops and limbs.

31
Table 25. Timber removals from growing stock on commercial forest land by items

and by softwoods and hardwoods, Mississippi, 1976

Item All

species Softwood Hardwood

Roundwood products:

Saw logs

Veneer logs and bolts

Pulpwood

Piling

Poles

Posts

Other

Fuelwood

All products

Logging residues

Other removals

Total removals

282.841

73,200

263.265

7.676

9.698

2.726

9.129

20 629

669.164

40.367

63 092

772.623

Thousand cubic feet --

197.806

70.249

173.092

7.676

9.698

’ 2.065

6.719

509

467,814

20,354

24 060

512.228

85.035

2.951

90.173

661

2.410

20 120

201,350

20.013

39 032

260.395

Table 26. 7imber removals from live sawtimber on commercial forest land by item.

and by softwoods and hardwoods, Mississippi, 1976

Item All

species Softwood Hardwooc

____-_-__--_- -mousad board feet ___-_--__- --__-

Roundwood products:

Saw logs

Veneer logs and bolts

Pulpwood

Piling

Poles

Posts

Other

Fuelwood

All products

Logging residues

Other removals

Total removals

1.670.449 1.171.246

467,447 450,085

842.043 547,796

45,525 45,525

49.569 49,569

552 339

31,954 20.863

61.625 1.553

3.169.164 2.286.976

119,366 42.690

263,343 104,717

3.551.873 2.434.383

499,203

17.362

294.247

213

11,091

60.072

882,188

76.676

158.626

lJ17.490

Table 27. Volume of plant residues by industrial source and type of residue and by soj

woods and hardwoods, Mississippi, 1976

Species group All

and type industries Lumber Veneer and

plywood Othe

Softwood:

Coarse’

Fine2

Total

Hardwood:

Coarse

Fine

Total

All species:

Coarse

Fine

All types

’ Unused material suitable for chipping. such as slabs. edgings. and veneer cores

‘Unused material not suitable for chipping. such as sawdust and shavings.

____-___---_.-------------- Thousand cubic feet _________________________

3.003 652 1.952 39’

6.806 4.699 450 165’ -.A---

9,809 5,351 2,402 2,054

1.993 1.901 . 9

L 7 769 7.591 15 16

9,762 9,492 15 25.

4.996 2.553 1.952 49

14.575 12.290 465 -

1.82

19.571 14,843 2,417 2.31
Murphy, Paul A.

1978. Mississippi Forests-Trends and Outlook. U.S.

Dep. Agric. For. Serv. Resour. Bull. SO-67.32 p.

Softwood inventory in sound, well-formed trees increased 30 percent since

the previous survey, and hardwoods gained 17 percent. This increase in

volume rose in all parts of the State, but the extent of increase varied

widely by region. Timber growth exceeded removals in 1976. despite the

doubling in softwood harvest since 1966. An imbalance between growth

and removals of softwood sawtimber may be developing in south and central Mississippi.