----

----

I Mededelingen

Commissie

----

Wisselkoersen van de euro (1)

25 oktober 2006

(2006/C 258/01)

1 euro= 

----

(1)

Bron: door de Europese Centrale Bank gepubliceerde referentiekoers.

----

----

Door de lidstaten verstrekte beknopte informatie inzake staatssteun die wordt toegekend overeenkomstig Verordening (EG) nr. 1/2004 van de Commissie van 23 december 2003 betreffende de toepassing van de artikelen 87 en 88 van het EG-Verdrag op staatssteun voor kleine en middelgrote ondernemingen die landbouwproducten produceren, verwerken en afzetten

(2006/C 258/02)

XA-nummer: XA 42/06

Lidstaat: Spanje

Regio: Navarra

Benaming van de steunregeling of naam van de onderneming die individuele steun ontvangt: Steun voor de traceerbaarheid in de agrovoedingsmiddelensector in Navarra voor 2006

Rechtsgrondslag: Orden foral del Consejero de agricultura, ganadería y alimentación, por la que se establecen las bases reguladoras que regirán la concesión de ayudas a la trazabilidad en la industria agroalimentaria de Navarra y se aprueba la convocatoria de ayudas para el año 2006

Voorziene jaarlijkse uitgaven krachtens de regeling of totaalbedrag van de aan de onderneming verleende individuele steun: 1 800 000 EUR voor het boekjaar 2006, maar opgenomen in de begroting van 2007

Maximale steunintensiteit: 50 % van de kosten voor technische bijstand voor de ontwikkeling en de inschakeling van traceersystemen, met een maximum van 6 000 EUR per begunstigde.

35 % van de investeringskosten voor de informatisering en de automatisering van systemen om gegevens te registreren en door te geven, met een maximum van 15 000 EUR per begunstigde

Datum van tenuitvoerlegging: augustus 2006

Duur van de regeling of van de individuele steunverlening: tot en met november 2006

Doelstelling van de steunmaatregel: Deze steunregeling dient om de introductie van traceersystemen in KMO's van de agrovoedingsmiddelensector in Navarra aan te moedigen.

Betrokken economische sector(en): De sector verwerking en afzet. Ook de subsectoren daarvan komen in aanmerking als het gaat om landbouwproducten uit bijlage 1 bij het Verdrag, met uitzondering van de productie en afzet van producten die bedoeld zijn om melk en zuivelproducten te imiteren of te vervangen en de verwerking en afzet in de suikersector

Naam en adres van de autoriteit die de steun verleent: 

Website: www.navarra.es

Overige informatie: Pamplona, 24 mei 2006

XA Nummer: XA 44/06

Lidstaat: Nederland

Regio: Provincie Fryslân

Benaming van de steunregeling of naam van de onderneming die individuele steun ontvangt: (Familie) Diever

Rechtsgrondslag: Algemene wet bestuursrecht, titel 4.2

Algemene Subsidieverordening Provincie Friesland 1998

Provinciewet artikel 145

Verordening met betrekking tot het verlenen van subsidies ten behoeve van het plattelandsbeleid voor de jaren 2005-2008

Voorziene jaarlijkse uitgaven krachtens de regeling of totaalbedrag van de aan de onderneming verleende individuele steun: De maximale bijdrage zal 45 000 EUR bedragen. Naar verwachting zal 80 %, zijnde 36 000 EUR, in 2006 worden uitbetaald, terwijl de afrekening in naar verwachting in 2007 zal plaatsvinden en uiterlijk in 2008

Maximale steunintensiteit: De maximale steunintensiteit is 40 % van de subsidiabele lasten. Het maximale steunbedrag is 45 000 EUR

Datum van tenuitvoerlegging: De subsidieverleningsbeschikking zal uitgaan binnen vier weken na de ontvangstbevestiging door de EU van deze kennisgeving

Duur van de regeling of van de individuele steunverlening: De uiterste datum voor afrekening is gelegen 30 maanden na afgifte van de beschikking, wat zou betekenen uiterlijk eind 2008. Naar verwachting zal het project al in 2007 gereed zijn

Doelstelling van de steun: Doelstelling van het project is het behoud van de historische boerderij in het landschap na aanpassing van de historische boerderij zodat deze goed bruikbaar is voor de moderne agrarische bedrijfsvoering.

Er wordt gebruik gemaakt van artikel 5 lid 3 van verordening 1/2004

Betrokken economische sector(en): Melkveehouderij

Naam en adres van de autoriteit die de steun verleent: 

Website: www.fryslan.nl

Nummer van de steun: XA 47/06

Lidstaat: Frankrijk

Benaming van de steunregeling of naam van de onderneming die individuele steun ontvangt: Steun voor technische ondersteuning van de glasteelt in de fruit-, groente- en tuinbouwsector

Rechtsgrond: Le décret no 83-246 du 18 mars 1983 portant création d'un Office National Interprofessionnel des fruits, des légumes et de l'horticulture et les textes subséquents repris notamment dans la partie réglementaire du code rural (livre 6 „productions et marchés” — articles R 621-120, R 621-134, R 621-140 et R 621-161 à R 621-174)

Voorziene jaarlijkse uitgaven krachtens de regeling of totaalbedrag van de aan de onderneming verleende individuele steun: De totale begroting voor de geplande acties bedraagt 1 miljoen EUR

Maximale steunintensiteit: Tot 50 % van de subsidiabele kosten.

De totale staatssteun mag niet meer bedragen dan 100 000 EUR per begunstigde over een periode van drie jaar, of dan 50 % van de subsidiabele kosten, waarbij het hoogste bedrag in aanmerking moet worden genomen

Datum van tenuitvoerlegging: De regeling treedt in werking met ingang van de datum van de ontvangstbevestiging waarop het identificatienummer van de regeling is vermeld, mits de desbetreffende middelen zijn vrijgemaakt en de regeling op de internetsite van VINIFLHOR is bekendgemaakt

Duur van de regeling of van de individuele steunverlening: Eén jaar, hernieuwbaar binnen de perken van de beschikbare begroting

Doelstelling van de steun: De steun wordt verleend in het kader van artikel 14 van Verordening (EG) nr. 1/2004 van de Commissie van 23 december 2003.

De steunregeling maakt deel uit van het plan voor structurele aanpassing van de glasteelt dat ten doel heeft tegemoet te komen aan de noden van de bedrijven die deze teeltwijze toepassen; deze bedrijven hebben met stijgende energiekosten te kampen en behoeven. steun om zich hieraan aan te passen.

Over het algemeen neemt de geplande technische bijstand om een bedrijf te helpen zich aan de gestegen energiekosten aan te passen, de vorm aan van een diagnose van de individuele situatie van het bedrijf gevolgd door een voorlichting over de best mogelijke keuze zowel op technisch vlak als op het vlak van de exploitatie.

Dank zij de regeling kunnen als kosten voor de technische steun en voor de adviseurs in het kader van deze technisch-economische en energetische diagnoses worden vergoed: 50 % van de kosten voor:

de technisch-economische diagnose van de bedrijfslasten, met name van de energiekosten, en de uitwerking van voorstellen voor verbetering ( de desbetreffende steun is beperkt tot 50 % van de kosten van de diagnose met een maximum van 300 EUR per bedrijf),

de energie-audit en, desgevallend, de raming van de noodzakelijke investeringen (de desbetreffende steun is beperkt tot 50 % van de kosten van de audit met een maximum van 0,3 EUR per m2 verwarmde oppervlakte, met een maximum van 3,5 ha)

Betrokken economische sector(en): Glasteelt in de fruit-, groente en sierteeltsector

Naam en adres van de autoriteit die de steun verleent: 

Website: www.oniflhor.fr

Nummer van de steun: XA 48/06

Lidstaat: Frankrijk

Regio: Limousin

Benaming van de steunregeling of naam van de onderneming die individuele steun ontvangt: Steun voor het behoud van de certificering „biologische landbouw” (voortzetting van de steunmaatregel die is geregistreerd onder XA/54/05)

Rechtsgrond: 

Voorziene jaarlijkse uitgaven krachtens de regeling of totaalbedrag van de aan de onderneming verleende individuele steun: 85 000 EUR

Maximale steunintensiteit: De „Conseil régional” betaalt een deel van de certificeringskosten, i.e. een subsidie van 80 % van de eenheidsprijs excl. belastingen, die 200-800 EUR bedraagt in 2006

Datum van tenuitvoerlegging: datum waarop het ontvangstbewijs van de Europese Commissie wordt ontvangen

Duur van de regeling of van de individuele steunverlening: tot en met 31 december 2006

Doelstelling van de steun: Krachtens Verordening (EEG) nr. 2092/91 van de Raad moeten de producten van alle bedrijven die in de biologische landbouw werkzaam zijn, door certificeringsorganen die door het ministerie van landbouw zijn erkend, worden gecontroleerd en gecertificeerd op basis van norm EN 45011. Doel van deze steunregeling is de ontwikkeling van de biologische landbouw te steunen door de certificeringskosten die door de bedrijven moeten worden betaald, te vergoeden

Betrokken economische sector(en): Elke landbouwer die biologisch produceert, wiens bedrijf in de Limousin is gevestigd en die in 2006 als activiteit „biologische landbouw” of „omschakeling” heeft aangegeven en op 1 juli 2005 geen omschakelingssteun heeft ontvangen (CTE-CAB1 of CAD2-CAB) of wiens CTE- of CAD/CAB-steun (over de periode van vijf jaar), gecumuleerd met de aangevraagde certificeringssteun, minder dan 15 00 EUR bedraagt. Dat het bedrijf biologisch produceert dient bij het „Agence Bio” te worden gemeld en deze kennisgeving is verplicht. Het bedrag van de steun wordt geverifieerd aan de hand van een kopie van het contract CTE/CAD/CAB

Naam en adres van de autoriteit die de steun verleent: 

Website: http://www.cr-limousin.fr rubrique „guide des aides”

Nummer van de steun: XA 52/06

Lidstaat: Verenigd Koninkrijk

Regio: Engeland

Benaming van de steunregeling of naam van de onderneming die individuele steun ontvangt: EBLEX-Programma: Verhoging van de Opbrengst in de Rundvleessector

Rechtsgrond: Section 1 of the Agriculture Act 1967

Voorziene jaarlijkse uitgaven krachtens de regeling of totaalbedrag van de aan de onderneming verleende individuele steun: 0,402 miljoen GBP per jaar

Maximale steunintensiteit: 100 %

Datum van tenuitvoerlegging: 

Duur van de regeling of van de individuele steunverlening: Aanvragen in het kader van de regeling kunnen worden ingediend tot en met 30 juli 2009. Eventueel dienen evenwel wijzigingen in de voorschriften voor de regeling te worden aangebracht teneinde rekening te houden met wijzigingen in de communautaire voorschriften voor staatsteun

Doelstelling van de steun: De regeling is over het geheel genomen toegespitst op onderwijs en opleiding voor producenten van rundvlees teneinde deze doelgroep de vaardigheden bij te brengen om zich aan de marktontwikkeling aan te passen. De goedgekeurde maatregelen omvatten cursussen, seminaries en informatie die via het internet wordt verschaft. Een en ander is in overeenstemming met artikel 14:- Technische ondersteuning in de landbouwsector

Betrokken economische sector(en): Rundveeproductie

Naam en adres van de autoriteit die de steun verleent: 

Website:: http://www.eblex.org.uk/betterReturns/beef

Overige informatie: De personen die de technische steun zullen verlenen, zullen overeenkomstig de marktbeginselen en op niet-discriminerende wijze door de Meat and Livestock Commission, die via haar Beef Sector Executive Committee (EBLEX) zal optreden, worden geselecteerd en bezoldigd. Geen enkele steun zal rechtstreeks aan de begunstigden worden betaald. De aanbestedingsprocedures zullen overeenkomstig de communautaire regelgeving worden toegepast.

Ondertekend en gedateerd namens het Department of Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (bevoegde autoriteit in het VK)

Neil Marr

Agricultural State Aid Advisor

Defra

8B 9 Millbank

c/o 17 Smith Square

London SW1P 3JR

United Kingdom

XA-nummer: XA 54/06

Lidstaat: Nederland

Benaming van de steunregeling of naam van de onderneming die individuele steun ontvangt: Regeling stimulering biologische productiemethodie

Rechtsgrondslag: Artikelen 2 en 4 van de Kaderwet LNV-subsidies

Voorziene jaarlijkse uitgaven krachtens de regeling of totaalbedrag van de aan de onderneming verleende individuele steun: De uitgaven zijn gerelateerd aan de kosten die bedrijven moeten maken voor aansluiting bij de controle-instantie als bedoeld in artikel 8, eerste lid, van Verordening 2092/91 inzake de biologische productiemethode en aanduidingen dienaangaande op landbouwproducten en levensmiddelen. Deze controle-instantie houdt op grond van artikel 9 van de eerdergenoemde verordening toezicht op de naleving van de in de verordening opgenomen voorschriften. Deze kosten kunnen per jaar verschillen. In 2006 bedraagt de steun per bedrijf 650 EUR (basisbijdrage) en 150 EUR (aansluitingsbijdrage). Dit bedrag zou gedurende de looptijd van deze subsidie analoog aan de stijging van de tarieven voor de aansluiting bij de controle-instantie hoger kunnen worden. Uitgaande van gemiddelde kosten over vijf jaar van ongeveer 800 EUR per jaar per bedrijf, zal de steun ongeveer 24 800 EUR per jaar bedragen gedurende vijf jaar

Maximale steunintensiteit: De tegemoetkoming in de kosten voor aansluiting zal maximaal 3 000 EUR per bedrijf per jaar kunnen bedragen

Datum van tenuitvoerlegging: vanaf 1 januari 2006

Duur van de regeling of van de individuele steunverlening: Per bedrijf zal gedurende vijf jaar een tegemoetkoming worden verleend in de kosten die bedrijven moeten maken voor aansluiting bij de controle-instantie

Doelstelling van de steun: Ondersteuning van kleine en middelgrote ondernemingen en het bevorderen van de productie en afzet van landbouwproducten van hoge kwaliteit, bedoeld in artikel 13 van de Richtsnoeren voor staatssteun in de landbouwsector. Producten die geproduceerd worden met inachtneming van de voorschriften van Vo. 2092/91 worden geacht producten van hoge kwaliteit te zijn. Vergoeding voor de kosten die bedrijven moeten maken voor aansluiting bij de controle-instantie. Van deelname aan het controle-systeem, bedoeld in artikel 9, van Verordening 2092/91 kan voor bedrijven die produceren met inachtneming van de voorschriften uit de verordening een stimulans betekenen om deze productiemethode voor te zetten

Betrokken economische sector(en): Producenten van landbouwproducten die niet bestemd zijn voor menselijke consumptie. Het zal onder andere gaan om biologische producenten van biologische bomen, planten, bloemen en bloembollen

Naam en adres van de autoriteit die de steun verleent: 

Website: www.wetten.nl of www.overheid.nl > officiële publicaties > selecteren departementale regelgeving Staatscourant > invoeren titel regeling: Subsidieregeling voortzetting biologische productiemethode

Overige informatie: In de Regeling stimulering biologische produktiemethode wordt steun verleend aan alle biologische landbouwers. De steun die verleend wordt aan biologische landbouwers die producten produceren bestemd voor menselijke consumptie wordt verleend in het kader van titel II, hoofdstuk VI bis, van verordening 1257/1999 van de Raad van de Europese Unie van 17 mei 1999 inzake steun voor plattelandsontwikkeling uit het Europese Oriëntatie- en Garantiefonds voor de Landbouw (EOGFL) en tot wijziging en instelling van een aantal verordeningen (PbEG L 160). Eind 2005 is in dat kader door de Regering van het Koninkrijk der Nederlanden een wijzigingsverzoek van het Plattelandsontwikkelingsplan Nederland 2005 ingediend. Omdat op grond van bovengenoemd verzoek geen steun mogelijk is voor landbouwers die biologische producten produceren die niet voor menselijke consumptie bestemd zijn, ziet deze steunmelding op de steun aan deze landbouwers

Nummer van de steun: XA 58/06

Lidstaat: Frankrijk

Regio: Departement Indre-et-Loire

Benaming van de steunregeling of naam van de onderneming die individuele steun ontvangt: Steun om de premies te betalen voor de verzekering van gewassen tegen schade als gevolg van hagelbuien

Rechtsgrond: 

Voorziene jaarlijkse uitgaven krachtens de regeling of totaalbedrag van de aan de onderneming verleende individuele steun: 80 000 EUR

Maximale steunintensiteit: Voor fruit van bomen en struiken, vruchtgroenten of bladgroenten: 10 % van het bedrag dat in 2006 in de vorm van verzekeringspremies of andere bijdragen is betaald, en voor andere schadegevoelige gewassen zoals wijnstokken en bloemen: 4 % van het bedrag dat in 2006 in de vorm van verzekeringspremies of andere bijdragen is betaald

Datum van tenuitvoerlegging: 2006

Duur van de regeling of van de individuele steunverlening: Één jaar

Doelstelling van de steun: De landbouwers die niet over de financiële middelen beschikken om zich tegen diverse ongunstige weersomstandigheden te verzekeren (waardoor ze aanspraak kunnen maken op gedeeltelijke betaling van de verzekeringspremies door de staat) ertoe aanzetten zich ten minste tegen hagelbuien te verzekeren

Betrokken economische sector(en): Fruitproductie op bomen en struiken, vruchtgroenten, bladgroenten, wijnstokken en bloemen

Naam en adres van de autoriteit die de steun verleent: 

Website: www.cg37.fr

XA Nummer: XA 59/06

Lidstaat: Nederland

Regio: Provincie Noord-Brabant

Benaming van de steunregeling: Beleidsregels inzake de subsidieverlening in het kader van het convenant Stuurgroep Landbouw Innovatie Noord-Brabant (afgekort Stuurgroep LIB)

Rechtsgrond: Algemene subsidieverordening Provincie Noord-Brabant.

Aanvragen die voldoen aan de voorwaarden van Verordening (EG) 1/2004 kunnen voor subsidie in aanmerking komen

Voorziene jaarlijkse uitgaven krachtens de regeling: In het kader van het convenant Stuurgroep LIB stelt de provincie Noord-Brabant jaarlijks in totaal 481 460,81 EUR beschikbaar voor stimulering van de landbouw. Daarvan stelt zij 113 445,05 EUR expliciet beschikbaar voor de biologische landbouw

Maximale steunintensiteit: De maximale steunintensiteit met overheidsmiddelen (percentage van de investering dat voor steun in aanmerking komt) bedraagt 40 %. Voor investeringen die leiden tot bescherming en verbetering van het milieu kan dit percentage met 10 % of 20 % worden verhoogd.

Per subsidieaanvraag wordt niet meer dan 35 000 EUR per jaar aan steun verleend

Datum van tenuitvoerlegging: 

Duur van de regeling: Tot 1 januari 2008. De maatregel zal indien nodig aangepast worden aan de relevante bepalingen na herziening van verordening 1/2004. Hierover zal een mededeling aan de Commissie wordt gedaan

Doelstelling van de steun: De steunmaatregel dient bij te dragen aan de implementatie van integrale projectmatige innovaties in de land- en tuinbouw, die zijn gericht op de verbetering van de milieu- en waterkwaliteit en de ruimtelijke en economische structuur in de provincie Noord-Brabant. Deze steun komt ten goede aan hoofdzakelijk kleine ondernemingen die landbouwproducten produceren, verwerken en afzetten. In de praktijk betekent dit ondersteunen van kleinschalige projectmatige innovaties waarbij de economische, ecologische en sociaal-culturele aspecten van de land- en tuinbouw elkaar, zoveel als mogelijk, versterken.

Activiteiten die de Stuurgroep LIB financieel kan ondersteunen zijn:

Marktonderzoeken en ontwikkeling van kwaliteitsproducten ter bevordering van de productie en afzet ervan (art. 13 verordening 1/2004).

Ondersteuning in kennisontwikkeling en kennisoverdracht voor landbouwers en bedrijfsmedewerkers in de vorm van telersbijeenkomsten, inhuur van adviseurs, ontwikkeling en verspreiding van communicatiematerialen (artikelen, flyers, internet) van tijdelijke duur (art. 14 Verordening 1/2004).

Investeringen in onroerend goed, materieel, inhuur van adviseurs, voor (haalbaarheids)studies en samenwerkingsverbanden ten behoeve van verlaging productiekosten, verbetering en omschakeling van de productie, verhoging van de productkwaliteit, verbetering dierwelzijn en ten behoeve van het natuurlijk milieu (art. 4 Verordening 1/2004).

Investeringen in onroerend goed, materieel, inhuur van adviseurs en voor (haalbaarheid)studies ten behoeve van verbetering van verwerking en afzet, en verbetering prestaties ten aanzien van milieu, voedselveiligheid en dierwelzijn (art. 7 Verordening 1/2004)

Betrokken economische sector(en): Het betreft in beginsel alle productiesectoren van de land en tuinbouw (dierlijke en plantaardige productie). De daaraan gekoppelde schakels in de agro-foodketen (leveranciers, afnemers en de retail) worden alleen in projecten betrokken als dit leidt tot versterking van de primaire sector

Naam en adres van de autoriteit die de steun verleent: 

Website: http://www.brabant.nl/Werken/Landbouw.aspx

Nummer van de steun: XA 60/06

Lidstaat: Verenigd Koninkrijk

Regio: De traditionele Schotse provincies waar kleine gronden in onderpacht worden bewerkt zoals vastgesteld in Afdeling 61 van de Crofters (Scotland) Act 1993

Benaming van de steunregeling of naam van de onderneming die individuele steun ontvangt: Subsidieregeling voor de landbouwsector voor provincies waarin kleine gronden in onderpacht worden bewerkt („Crofting Counties Agricultural Grants Scheme”)

Rechtsgrond: Titel: Crofters (Scotland) Act 1993 (sections 42(1), (2) and (3). Also 46 (4)

Aangezien deze wet ten doel heeft de landbouwproductie op kleine, in onderpacht bewerkte gronden te steunen en te ontwikkelen mag de minister, na overleg met de commissie (voor onderpachters) en na goedkeuring door de minister van financiën, regelingen opzetten voor het verlenen van subsidies en leningen aan onderpachters.

Bovendien zullen door middel van een regelgevende handeling de bevoegheden worden verleend om de bepalingen van de regeling toe te passen

Voorziene jaarlijkse uitgaven krachtens de regeling of totaalbedrag van de aan de onderneming verleende individuele steun: 2006-2007: 3,16 mio GBP

2007-2008: 2,40 mio GBP

Totaal: 5,56 mio GBP

Maximale steunintensiteit: 50 % in probleemgebieden

40 % in alle andere gebieden

Datum van tenuitvoerlegging: 

Duur van de regeling of van de individuele steunverlening: De regeling gaat in op 21 juli 2006 en loopt tot en met 31 maart 2009. Eventueel moeten vóór het verstrijken van deze datum de voorschriften van de regeling worden gewijzigd teneinde rekening te houden met wijzigingen in de communautaire richtsnoeren voor staatssteun

Doelstelling van de steun: Het is belangrijk dat landbouwers die grond in onderpacht bewerken, kunnen overleven wil men voorkomen dat deze zeer uitgestrekte en afgelegen Schotse gebieden ontvolken. Families van landbouwers die kleine landbouwgronden in onderpacht bewerken, vormen immers vaak het grootste gedeelte van de bestaande plaatselijke gemeenschappen. De grond die ze in onderpacht bewerken, is de gemeenschappelijke band tussen deze kleine landbouwers en aanmoedigingen om die grond nuttig te gebruiken voor landbouwdoeleinden dragen eraan bij dat deze gebieden niet ontvolken. Kleine onderpachters ondervinden nadelen die andere producenten in de EU niet ondervinden, zoals het klimaat en het feit dat ze verafgelegen gronden van slechte kwaliteit bewerken. Deze regeling heeft ten doel deze kleine onderpachters te steunen bij de ontwikkeling van hun bedrijf en meer duurzaamheid op de lange termijn na te streven. Eén en ander is in overeenstemming met artikel 4 inzake investeringen in landbouwbedrijven aangezien kleine boerderijen die grond in onderpacht bewerken, ook landbouwbedrijven zijn

Betrokken economische sector(en): Landbouw

Naam en adres van de autoriteit die de steun verleent: 

Website: http://www.crofterscommission.org.uk/documents/060508CCAGS_GUIDANCE_NOTES.pdf

Overige informatie: Meer en gedetailleerder informatie met betrekking tot de voorwaarden en voorschriften van de regeling zijn te vinden op bovenstaand adres.

Ondertekend en gedateerd namens het „Department of Environment, Food and Rural Affairs” (bevoegde autoriteit van het VK)

Neil Marr

Agricultural State Aid Advisor

Defra

8E 9 Millbank

c/o 17 Smith Square

London SW1P 3JR

United Kingdom

Nummer van de steun: XA 61/06

Lidstaat: Spanje

Regio: País Vasco (Baskenland)

Benaming van de steunregeling of naam van de onderneming die individuele steun ontvangt: Steunregeling voor de ondersteuning van groeperingen van landbouwers die andere consumptieaardappelen en pootaardappelen telen dan die welke bestemd zijn voor de aardappelzetmeelindustrie

Rechtsgrond: Orden del Consejero de Agricultura, Pesca y Alimentación, pendiente de publicación, por la que se procede a la convocatoria de ayudas a las Agrupaciones de Productores Agrarios de Patata de consumo y de siembra, prevista en el Decreto 13/2004, de 20 de enero

Voorziene jaarlijkse uitgaven krachtens de regeling of totaalbedrag van de aan de onderneming verleende individuele steun: Het maximale, totale bedrag aan staatssteun bedraagt voor alle begunstigden samen voor 2006 150 000 EUR

Maximale steunintensiteit: De maximale steunintensiteit bedraagt het eerste jaar 100 % van de subsidiabele kosten; de steun is tijdelijk en degressief en het totale bedrag van de steun die een groepering van landbouwers wordt verstrekt, is beperkt tot 100 000 EUR, overeenkomstig artikel 10 van Verordening (EG) nr. 1/2004

Datum van tenuitvoerlegging: De dag volgend op de bekendmaking van de steunregeling in het „Boletín Oficial des Estado” (Spaanse Staatsblad)

Duur van de regeling of van de individuele steunverlening: Tot en met 31 december 2006

Doelstelling van de steun: 

Betrokken economische sector(en): Landbouw (producentengroeperingen)

Naam en adres van de autoriteit die de steun verleent: 

Website: http://www.euskadi.net/bopv

----

----

Door de lidstaten verstrekte beknopte informatie inzake staatssteun die wordt toegekend overeenkomstig Verordening (EG) nr. 1/2004 van de Commissie van 23 december 2003 betreffende de toepassing van de artikelen 87 en 88 van het EG-Verdrag op staatssteun voor kleine en middelgrote ondernemingen die landbouwproducten produceren, verwerken en afzetten

(2006/C 258/03)

XA nummer: XA 53/06 (b)

Lidstaat: Nederland

Regio: Provincie Limburg

Benaming van de steunregeling of naam van de onderneming die individuele steun ontvangt: Kwekerij Litjens (tegemoetkoming excessieve kosten archeologisch onderzoek en opgraving Horst/Meterik)

Rechtsgrondslag: Artikel 4:23 lid 3 onderdeel d Algemene wet bestuursrecht. Besluit van Gedeputeerde Staten d.d. 16 mei 2006

Voorziene jaarlijkse uitgaven krachtens de regeling of totaalbedrag van de aan de onderneming verleende individuele steun: 80 000 EUR

Maximale steunintensiteit: 80 000 EUR

Datum van tenuitvoerlegging: 16 mei 2006. Bij de betaling worden de bezwaarmogelijkheid van de Algemene wet bestuursrecht, alsmede het moment van publicatie van de kennisgeving in het Publicatieblad door de Europese Commissie in acht genomen

Duur van de regeling of van de individuele steunverlening: Op de subsidie wordt een voorschot van 50 % verleend. Na afronding van het project wordt de overige 50 % uitgekeerd

Doelstelling van de steun: Bij de vooronderzoeken in het kader van een aanvraag ex artikel 19 Wet op de Ruimtelijke Ordening — conform de nationale en provinciale vereisten — voor uitbreiding van een kassencomplex in Horst-Meterik is een archeologische vindplaats aangetroffen, die zo uitzonderlijk is dat ze opgegraven moet worden. De kosten van de opgraving staan niet in verhouding tot de investeringskosten en geschatte winstmarge van dit particuliere initiatief..

Bij nader inzien veroorzaken de egalisatie en de bouw van de funderingen zulke gaten in het bodemarchief dat de informatie die er overblijft onsamenhangend wordt en als zodanig weinig archeologische waarde meer zal hebben. De vindplaats zelf is voor Limburg vrij uniek en moet in opdracht van de familie Litjens opgegraven worden. Vanuit die optiek — en vanuit de realiteit dat behoud in situ geen optie is (zie onder) — is voor opgraven gekozen.

De kosten van de opgraving worden vooralsnog geschat op 160.000,00 EUR (excl. BTW). Dit is normaalgesproken voor een projectontwikkelaar of een gemeente geen onoverkomelijk probleem aangezien de kosten verrekend kunnen worden in grond en woningprijzen. Hier betreft het een particulier of kleine ondernemer (paprikateler) voor wie de winstmarge niet dusdanig is, dat de opgravingen door hem betaald kunnen worden (opbrengstderving als gevolg van de archeologische opgraving). Vanuit die optiek en het feit dat de archeologische vindplaats voor Limburg vrij uniek is, hebben de provincie Limburg en de gemeente Horst aan de Maas besloten om aan de opgraving een bijdrage te verlenen. De verdeling van de kosten is als volgt:

Naam en adres van de autoriteit die de steun verleent: 

Website: http://www.limburg.nl/nl/html/socrates/PSINFO/Openbare %20besluitenlijsten %20GS2006/060323-0235.doc

Nummer van de steun: XA 73/06

Lidstaat: Tsjechië

Regio: Vysočina

Benaming van de steunregeling of naam van de onderneming die individuele steun ontvangt: „Podpora poskytování technické podpory v odvětví zemědělství” („Steun voor technische ondersteuning in de landbouwsector”)

Een agrarisch ondernemer, d.w.z. een natuurlijk persoon of rechtspersoon die in zijn inkomen voorziet door in eigen naam en op eigen verantwoordelijkheid, landbouw — als continue en onafhankelijke activiteit — te bedrijven met als doel winst te genereren.

Juridische entiteiten die voor niet-commerciële doeleinden worden opgericht: i.e. verenigingen van burgers, verenigingen van openbaar nut, belangengroepen van rechtspersonen

Rechtsgrond: 

Voorziene jaarlijkse uitgaven krachtens de regeling of totaalbedrag van de aan de onderneming verleende individuele steun: Maximale jaarlijkse uitgaven: 200 000 CZK

Maximale steunintensiteit: Steunbedrag: tot 100 % van de subsidiabele kosten

De subsidiabele kosten kunnen variëren van 5 000 CZK tot 200 000 CZK per individueel project.

Maximaal bedraagt de steun 200 000 CZK per begunstigde/projectindiener.

Het totale steunbedrag dat in het kader van deze maatregel wordt toegekend, mag niet meer bedragen dan 100 000 EUR per begunstigde per periode van drie jaar

Datum van tenuitvoerlegging: Met ingang van 1 september 2006

Duur van de regeling of van de individuele steunverlening: Tot en met 31 december 2006

Doelstelling van de steun: De steun heeft ten doel de beroepsbekwaamheid van agrarische ondernemers in de landbouwsector te verbeteren teneinde de efficiëntie en de productiviteit te vergroten.

De steun is in overeenstemming met de algemeen toepasselijke wetgeving in Tsjechië en met de doelstellingen en prioriteiten van het Ontwikkelingsprogramma voor de regio Vysočina. De steun valt onder Verordening (EG) nr. 1/2004 van de Commissie van 23 December 2003 betreffende de toepassing van de artikelen 87 en 88 van het EG-Verdrag op staatssteun voor kleine en middelgrote ondernemingen die landbouwproducten produceren, verwerken en afzetten (Artikel 14 — Technische ondersteuning in de landbouwsector.)

De volgende kosten zijn subsidiabel: de uitgaven voor de organisatie van wedstrijden en tentoonstellingen gericht op de landbouwsector — inclusief de uitgaven voor de tegemoetkoming in de deelnemingskosten van de exposanten -, uitgaven voor opleidingen — in de vorm van cursussen, seminaries en workshops — in de landbouwsector, uitgaven voor technologisch en economisch advies aan agrarische ondernemers

Betrokken economische sector(en): Landbouw

Naam en adres van de autoriteit die de steun verleent: 

Website: http://www.kr-vysocina.cz/

Overige informatie: De Regionale Overheid van Vysočina verklaart dat aan de voorwaarden van Verordening (EG) nr. 1/2004 van de Commssie is voldaan, d.w.z. dat de steun zal worden aangewend voor kleine en middelgrote ondernemingen en dat de bij vorengenoemde verordening vastgestelde financiële maxima niet zullen worden overschreden

Nummer van de steun: XA 74/06

Lidstaat: Frankrijk

Regio: Département de Saône-et-Loire

Benaming van de steunregeling of naam van de onderneming die individuele steun ontvangt: Opzet van een duurzaam milieubeleid

Rechtsgrond: 

Voorziene jaarlijkse uitgaven krachtens de steunregeling: 100 000 EUR per jaar (maximum)

Maximale steunintensiteit: 

Datum van de tenuitvoerlegging: Na ontvangst van de bevestiging van ontvangst van de Europese Commissie in 2006

Duur van de regeling of van de individuele steunverlening: Zeven jaar onder voorbehoud van de ontwikkeling van de Europese regelgeving en onder voorbehoud van budgettaire toewijzingen

Doelstelling van de steun: De steun heeft ten doel bij te dragen aan een verbetering van de op de landbouwbedrijven toegepaste praktijken en zodoende het milieu beter te beschermen, door:

het composteren op het bedrijf te bevorderen zodat het fermenteerbare afval van het bedrijf en het groenafval dat op het platteland ontstaat, een nuttige toepassing krijgen;

het gebruik te bevorderen van op het landbouwbedrijf geproduceerde biobrandstoffen die door het bedrijf zelf worden verbruikt;

de landbouwers aan te zetten tot besparingen bij het gebruik en het beheer van regenwater door steun te verlenen voor installaties en materialen om het regenwater terug te winnen en op te slaan alsmede voor distributiepompen (teneinde het waterverbruik op landbouwbedrijven, met name voor het schoonmaken van materialen onder controle te houden).

Betrokken economische sector(en): Alle sectoren van de landbouwproductie in het departement

Naam en adres van de autoriteit die de steun verleent: 

Website: http://www.cg71.com

Nummer van de steun: XA 75/06

Lidstaat: Frankrijk

Regio: Département de Saône-et-Loire

Benaming van de steunregeling of naam van de onderneming die individuele steun ontvangt: Gemeenschappelijke aanschaf van materialen

Rechtsgrond: 

Voorziene jaarlijkse uitgaven krachtens de steunregeling: 60 000 EUR per jaar (maximum)

Maximale steunintensiteit: Subsidiabele uitgaven: nieuw materiaal

Machines voor het verspreiden van compost — Maximale subsidiabele uitgaven: 22 500 EUR

Zwadkeerders voor compost — Maximale subsidiabele uitgaven: 36 800 EUR

Grasmaaiers voor wijngaarden waarin gras werd gezaaid — Maximale subsidiabele uitgaven: 22 500 EUR

Heggeschaar — Maximale subsidiabele uitgaven: 22 500 EUR

Houtversnipperaars en houtbrekers — Maximale subsidiabele uitgaven: 22 500 EUR

Portaaltrekkers — Maximale subsidiabele uitgaven: 80 000 EUR

Uitgaven die niet in aanmerking komen: uitgaven voor materiaal dat bestemd is om bestaand materiaal te vervangen.

Subsidiepercentage: 20 % behalve voor portaaltrekkers (subsidiepercentage: 15 % — Algemeen maximum samen met andere financiering: 40 %)

Verhoging met 5 % indien de investering deel uitmaakt van een investeringsplan dat over minstens drie jaar is gespreid

Datum van de tenuitvoerlegging: Vanaf de ontvangst van het bewijs van ontvangst van de Europese Commissie in 2006

Duur van de regeling of van de individuele steunverlening: Zeven jaar onder voorbehoud van de ontwikkeling van de Europese regelgeving en onder voorbehoud van de budgettaire toewijzingen

Doelstelling van de steun: Aangezien de groepslandbouw zijn doeltreffendheid heeft bewezen tijdens de recente crises, wenst het departement de „Coopératives d'Utilisation de Matériels en Commun (CUMA)” (= coöperaties voor het gezamenlijk gebruik van uitrusting) meer armslag te geven door steun te verlenen voor hun uitrusting, ter aanvulling op de regionale steun en met inachtneming van de maximumpercentages. Het materiaal dat voor steun in aanmerking komt, is bedoeld om de teelt- en milieuomstandigheden op de bedrijven te verbeteren.

Krachtens artikel 4 van Verordening (EG) nr. 1/2004 van de Commissie van 23 december 2003 komen de volgende uitgaven in aanmerking voor departementale steun: machines voor het verspreiden van compost, zwadkeerders voor compost, grasmaaiers voor wijngaarden waarin gras werd gezaaid, heggescharen, houtversnipperaars en houtbrekers, portaaltrekkers

Betrokken economische sector(en)): Alle sectoren van de landbouwproductie in het departement

Naam en adres van de autoriteit die de steun verleent: 

Website: http://www.cg71.com

Nummer van de steun: XA 76/06

Lidstaat: Slowakije

Regio: Stredné Slovensko

Benaming van de steunregeling of naam van de onderneming die individuele steun ontvangt: Poľnohospodárske družstvo Belá — Dulice

038 11 Belá — Dulice 1, IČO: 00196452

Rechtsgrond: 

Voorziene jaarlijkse uitgaven krachtens de regeling of totaalbedrag van de aan de onderneming verleende individuele steun: 393 226 SKK i.e. 10 324,144 EUR (wisselkoers van 3.8.2006)

Maximale steunintensiteit: 13,85 %

Datum van tenuitvoerlegging: 2006

Duur van de regeling of van de individuele steunverlening: augustus — 2006

Doelstelling van de steun: Kleine en middelgrote ondernemingen in de landbouwsector

Betrokken economische sector(en): Landbouw

Naam en adres van de autoriteit die de steun verleent: 

Website: www.socpoist.sk

Nummer van de steun: XA 77/06

Lidstaat: Slowakije

Regio: Stredné Slovensko

Benaming van de steunregeling of naam van de onderneming die individuele steun ontvangt: AFG, s.r.o., Dĺžiny 122/40

039 18 Turčianske Teplice, IČO: 36383422

Rechtsgrond: 

Voorziene jaarlijkse uitgaven krachtens de regeling of totaalbedrag van de aan de onderneming verleende individuele steun: 955 843 SKK i.e. 25 095,646 euro (wisselkoers van 3.8.2006)

Maximale steunintensiteit: 35,5 %

Datum van de tenuitvoerlegging: 2006

Duur van de regeling of van de individuele steunverlening: augustus — 2006

Doelstelling van de steun: Kleine en middelgrote ondernemingen in de landbouwsector

Betrokken economische sector(en): Landbouw

Naam en adres van de autoriteit die de steun verleent: 

Website: www.socpoist.sk

Nummer van de steun: XA 78/06

Lidstaat: Polen

Benaming van de steunregeling of naam van de onderneming die individuele steun ontvangt: Steun aan de eigenaren van raspaarden en Arabische volbloeden voor deelname van hun paarden aan selectierennen die georganiseerd worden om de paarden in te delen naar snelheid en competitiviteit op basis van een rechtstreekse vergelijking tijdens een wedstrijd op een renbaan

Rechtsgrond: 

Voorziene jaarlijkse uitgaven krachtens de regeling of totaalbedrag van de aan de onderneming verleende individuele steun: De geraamde kosten voor de regeling bedragen PLN 2 000 000

Maximale steunintensiteit (in verhouding tot de plaats waarop het paard recht heeft): PLN 820

Datum van de tenuitvoerlegging: Na bevestiging, door middel van een ontvangstbewijs waarin een identificatienummer is vermeld, dat de Commissie deze beknopte informatie omtrent de steun die in het kader van de regeling wordt verstrekt, heeft ontvangen

Duur van de regeling of van de individuele steunverlening: Van de derde decade van augustus 2006 tot en met december 2006

Doelstelling van de steun: Overeenkomstig artikel 14, lid 2, punt d), onder i), van Verordening nr. 1/2004 van de Commissie van 23 december 2003 betreffende de toepassing van de artikelen 87 en 88 van het EG-Verdrag op staatssteun voor kleine en middelgrote ondernemingen die landbouwproducten produceren, verwerken en afzetten, wordt steun toegekend ter dekking van de kosten van deelneming in 2006 om te waarborgen dat een aangepast aantal paarden aan een selectiewedstrijd deelneemt. Aangezien dit jaar geen organisator kon worden gekozen voor paardenwedrennen op de Służewiepaardenrenbaan in Warschau, die gemachtigd zou zijn om ook weddenschappen te organiseren, kwam de organisatie van de selectierennen voor 970 paarden in het gedrang. Deze wedrennen zijn mee bepalend voor de waarde van de paarden en worden georganiseerd voor paarden van een bepaalde leeftijdsgroep, onder meer om uit te maken op welke wijze de paarden kunnen worden ingezet voor de fokkerij. Paarden die niet op deze wijze zijn ingedeeld, zijn praktisch verloren voor de fokkerij. Om dit te vermijden, wordt getracht selectierennen te organiseren op de Służewiecrenbaan, d.w.z. zonder ticketverkoop en zonder weddenschappen. In dat geval bestaat het basisinkomen van de organisator uit de registratierechten voor de paarden die voor de rennen worden ingeschreven. Dat heeft ernstige gevolgen voor de registratierechten en het kan blijken dat deze te hoog worden voor de paardeneigenaars die hun paarden registreerden voor de selectierennen van 2006.

Om derhalve te waarborgen dat voldoende paarden deelnemen aan de selectierennen en om de paardeneigenaars aan te moedigen hun paarden voor de rennen te registreren, besloot de minister van Landbouw en plattelandsontwikkeling voor de deelname van paarden aan de rennen steun te verlenen in de vorm van een subsidie voor de registratiekosten

Betrokken economische sector(en): De begunstigden van de steun verrichten landbouwactiviteiten in de sector dierlijke productie

Naam en adres van de autoriteit die de steun verleent: 

Website: Het decreet van de minister van Landbouw en plattelandsontwikkeling waarin de beginselen van deze steun zijn uiteengezet

http://isip.sejm.gov.pl/prawo/indez.html

Overige informatie: 

----

----

Bekendmaking van een aanvraag in de zin van artikel 6, lid 2, van Verordening (EG) nr. 510/2006 van de Raad inzake de bescherming van geografische aanduidingen en oorsprongsbenamingen van landbouwproducten en levensmiddelen.

(2006/C 258/04)

Naar aanleiding van deze bekendmaking kan bezwaar worden aangetekend op grond van artikel 7 van Verordening (EG) nr. 510/2006 van de Raad. Bezwaarschriften moeten de Commissie bereiken binnen zes maanden te rekenen vanaf de datum van deze bekendmaking.

SAMENVATTING

VERORDENING (EG) Nr. 510/2006 VAN DE RAAD

Registratieaanvraag overeenkomstig artikel 5 en artikel 17, lid 2,

„ARANCIA DEL GARGANO”

EG-nummer: IT/PGI/005/0296/10.06.2003

BOB ( ) BGA ( X )

Deze samenvatting is uitsluitend ter informatie opgesteld. Belangstellenden wordt verzocht om voor volledige informatie kennis te nemen van de volledige versie van het productdossier, die verkrijgbaar is bij de in punt 1 genoemde nationale autoriteiten of bij de Europese Commissie (1).

1.   Bevoegde dienst van de lidstaat

2.   Groepering

3.   Productcategorie

Categorie 1.6 — Groenten en fruit en granen, in ongewijzigde staat of verwerkt

4.   Overzicht van het productdossier (samenvatting van de in artikel 4, lid 2, voorgeschreven gegevens)

4.1   Naam: „Arancia del Gargano”

4.2   Beschrijving: Vers fruit bestaande uit ecotypes van Biondo Comune del Gargano en het plaatselijke ecotype Duretta del Gargano, plaatselijk „arancia tosta” (harde sinaasappel) genoemd.

De voornaamste kenmerken van de „Arancia del Gargano” zijn:

Biondo Comune del Gargano:

ronde vorm of peervorm;

vrij dunne, leerachtige schil met fijne structuur, diep goudgeel van kleur;

minimumdiameter van de grootste dwarsdoorsnede: 60 mm;

minimale sapopbrengst, bij persing met de hand: 35 %;

De albedo (het wit van de schil) is zacht en blijft enigszins vastzitten; de as van de vrucht is onregelmatig gevormd, mediaan en halfvol; de pulp en het sap zijn oranjegeel van kleur, met een suikergehalte van niet minder dan 9 %, een zuurgraad van minder dan 1,2 %, een suikergehalte uitgedrukt in graden Brix van minimaal 10 en een verhouding rijping Brix/watervrij citroenzuur van niet minder dan 6.

Arancia duretta:

ronde of ovale vorm, plaatselijk respectievelijk „duretta tonda” („harde ronde”) of „a viso lungo” („met lang gezicht”) genoemd;

lichtoranje schil met verschillende tinten, zeer glad en met een fijne structuur;

pulp met een fijne textuur, met kleine ambergele blaasjes die kenmerkend krokant zijn, met weinig of geen pitjes en een zuurgraad van minder dan 1,2 %;

gemiddelde diameter van de grootste dwarsdoorsnede: 60 mm;

minimale sapopbrengst, bij persing met de hand: 35 %;

suikergehalte ten minste 10 %;

suikergehalte uitgedrukt in graden Brix van minimaal 10 en een verhouding rijpingsgraad Brix/watervrij citroenzuur van niet minder dan 6,2.

De vruchten van beide beschreven ecotypes moeten zwaar zijn en in ieder geval niet minder dan 100 gram wegen, de schil moet gelijkmatig van kleur zijn, waarbij de aanzet van de steel fel groen moet zijn.

De „Arancia del Gargano” moet voor consumptie worden aangeboden in stevige, gesloten verpakkingen, gemaakt van materiaal van plantaardige oorsprong zoals hout of karton, met een inhoud van minimaal 1kg en maximaal 25kg: de verpakking moet garanderen dat ten minste 80 % van de vruchten, al dan niet in papier verpakt, het logo „I.G.P. Arancia del Gargano” draagt. Worden de vruchten onverpakt op de markt gebracht, dan moet elke vrucht dit logo dragen.

4.3   Geografisch gebied: Het productie- en verpakkingsgebied is gelegen in de provincie Foggia (regio Apulië) en omvat de gemeenten Vico del Gargano, Ischitella en Rodi Garganico, en meer bepaald een brede kuststrook aan de noordzijde van het schiereiland Gargano, van Vico del Gargano tot Rodi Garganico, tot onder Ischitella.

4.4   Bewijs van oorsprong: Iedere fase van het productieproces wordt constant nauwgezet gevolgd doordat de producenten en de verpakkers op speciale, door het controleorgaan beheerde lijsten zijn geplaatst, waardoor de traceerbaarheid van het product wordt gegarandeerd.

De traceerbaarheid van het product en het bewijs van oorsprong worden bovendien gegarandeerd door de opneming van elke sinaasappelboomgaard in een speciale lijst die door het controleorgaan wordt bijgehouden en bijgewerkt, met details over de sinaasappelboomgaard en de aan het controleorgaan gedeclareerde geproduceerde hoeveelheden. Alle natuurlijke of rechtspersonen die in deze lijsten zijn ingeschreven, worden door het controleorgaan gecontroleerd overeenkomstig het productdossier en het betrokken controleplan.

4.5   Werkwijze voor het verkrijgen van het product: In het productdossier is onder andere bepaald dat bij de aanleg van de sinaasappelboomgaard rekening moet worden gehouden met de geomorfologische en pedologische kenmerken van het productiegebied: hellende terreinen worden geterrasseerd met ongemetselde muurtjes of aarden wallen. Als onderstam wordt van oudsher de pomerans (citrus mearda) gebruikt, die als zodanig gecertificeerd is door de geldende regelgeving.

De vorm waarin de sinaasappelbomen worden gekweekt is typerend voor het gebied: een halfrond, ter plaatse „koepel” genoemd, bestaande uit twee hoofdtakken en twee kleinere, zodat de kruin van de boom zich ontwikkelt tot een cirkelvorm in een vierkant. Die vorm, die van binnen hol is, zorgt ervoor dat de beluchting beter wordt en de oogst gemakkelijker.

De planten worden in driehoeksverband aangeplant, met een plantdichtheid van 250 tot 400 bomen per hectare.

Van mei tot oktober wordt geïrrigeerd.

De productie van sinaasappels mag niet meer dan 30 ton per hectare bedragen voor het type „Biondo comune del Gargano” en niet meer dan 25 ton per hectare voor het type „Duretta del Gargano”.

De natuurlijke rijping van de verschillende typen „Arancia del Gargano” is sterk gespreid, zodat de oogsttijd als volgt is: van 15 april tot eind augustus voor de „Biondo comune del Gargano”; van 1 december tot en met 30 april voor de „Duretta del Gargano”.

De oogst wordt met de hand gedaan met behulp van scharen. Kunstmatige rijping van de vruchten is verboden.

Teneinde de traceerbaarheid van het product te garanderen mag de BGA „Arancia del Gargano” alleen in het in punt 4.3 aangegeven oorsprongsgebied worden verpakt.

4.6   Verband: Voor deze BGA wordt een registratieaanvraag gedaan op basis van de reputatie van de betrokken citrusvrucht; over die reputatie bestaat geen twijfel. Het klimaat in het betrokken teeltgebied brengt belangrijke voordelen met zich mee: vooral is het niet te hete klimaat gunstig om de ontwikkeling van ernstige ziekten van de vruchten of de bomen tegen te gaan. Een tweede aspect dat verband houdt met de klimatologische omstandigheden en dat een specifiek kenmerk is voor citrusvruchten uit Gargano, is de periode waarin de vruchten rijp worden: namelijk niet in januari, februari of maart, maar juist eind april, mei, en augustus, verscheidene maanden na de periode waarin citrusvruchten in alle andere teeltgebieden in Italië rijp worden. Een laatste en niet minder belangrijk aspect is de zeer goede houdbaarheid van de Arancia del Gargano, waardoor de sinaasappels uit Gargano vroeger zonder problemen gedurende 30 tot 40 dagen konden worden vervoerd, waarna ze heel in Chicago of New York aankwamen. Tot de bloei en de faam van deze citrusvrucht hebben niet alleen de unieke organoleptische eigenschappen van de Arancia del Gargano en de specifieke afmetingen van de vrucht bijgedragen, die een gevolg zijn van de pedoklimatologische omstandigheden van het teeltgebied (rode kalkbodems, die met name rijk zijn aan ijzer en mangaan, over het algemeen bestaande uit steile dalen of dalbodems; blootgesteld aan koude winden als gevolg van plotselinge temperatuurdalingen), maar ook de voortdurende bedrijvigheid van de mens, waardoor in de loop der tijd zeer veel specifieke agronomische kennis is ontwikkeld.

Al vanaf de klassieke Oudheid oversteeg de roem van de Arancia del Gargano de grenzen van de regio en werd zij in het werk van diverse auteurs genoemd, waaronder Gabriele d'Annunzio. Vanaf 1700 krijgen de citrusvruchten van Gargano grote betekenis in een bepaalde belangrijke processie, die ook nu nog ieder jaar in februari wordt gehouden ter ere van San Valentino, de beschermheilige van de citrusboomgaarden; tijdens de processie worden de sinaasappel- en citroenbomen en hun vruchten gezegend. Er zijn talrijke registers, foto's, posters en aanplakbiljetten bewaard gebleven waaruit blijkt dat deze buitengewone en unieke citrusvruchten uit Gargano ook internationaal grote bekendheid hebben bereikt.

De eerste historische referenties aan de citrusteelt in Gargano gaan terug tot het jaar 1003; er wordt vermeld dat Melo, prins van Bari, „pomi citrini” van Gargano naar Normandië stuurde, omdat hij de Normandiërs wilde bewijzen welke rijkdommen Gargano voortbracht; „pomi citrini” betekent hier: pomeransen (bittere sinaasappelen). In de zeventiende eeuw ontstond een omvangrijk handelsverkeer van citrusvruchten uit de gemeenten Vico del Gargano en Rodi Garganico met de Venetianen. Dit intensieve handelsverkeer ging ook in de negentiende eeuw door, en de roem van de Arancia del Gargano drong uiteindelijk ook door tot de andere landen in Europa en Amerika.

4.7.   Controlestructuur: 

De controlestructuur is een daartoe aangewezen overheidsdienst.

4.8   Etikettering: Op de verpakkingen moeten de volgende aanduidingen worden aangebracht:

„Arancia del Gargano”, gevolgd door de naam van de op de markt gebrachte ecotypen („biondo comune” of „duretta”), het logo, de vermelding „IGP” (eventueel voluit), aanduidingen betreffende de producent, de verpakker, de handelaar en het oorspronkelijke nettogewicht.

Producten waarvoor de B.G.A. „Arancia del Gargano” is gebruikt, mogen ook na behandeling en verwerking voor consumptie worden aangeboden in verpakkingen waarop een verwijzing naar de benaming zonder het communautaire logo voorkomt, mits:

het product met beschermde aanduiding, zoals gecertificeerd, het enige bestanddeel is uit de betrokken handelscategorie;

de gebruikers van de beschermde aanduiding daartoe toestemming hebben gekregen van de eigenaren van het uit de registratie van de BGA voortvloeiende intellectuele eigendomsrecht, die zijn aangesloten bij het betrokken consortium onder toezicht van het ministerie van Landbouw. Dit consortium draagt tevens zorg voor de inschrijving van haar leden in speciale registers en het toezicht op een correct gebruik van de beschermde aanduiding. Indien niet is voorzien in een toezichthoudend consortium, worden voornoemde taken uitgevoerd door het Italiaanse ministerie van Landbouw, de voor de uitvoering van Verordening (EG) nr. 2081/92 bevoegde nationale autoriteit.

Het logo bestaat uit een gestileerde afbeelding van twee sinaasappelen, met een steeltje met bladeren, in een ellipsvormige kroon: op de kroon staat de vermelding „Arancia del Gargano” en midden onder die vermelding staat „Indicazione Geografica Protetta”.

De afgebeelde sinaasappels zijn oranje van kleur, het opschrift „Arancia del Gargano” is wit op oranje ondergrond, het steeltje en de bladeren zijn groen, de vermelding „Indicazione Geografica Protetta” is aangebracht in een boog in perspectief, van onderaf gezien, met schaduwwerking.

4.9   Nationale eisen: —

----

(1)  Europese Commissie, Directoraat-generaal Landbouw en Plattelandsontwikkeling, Eenheid Kwaliteitsbeleid voor landbouwproducten, B-1049 Brussel.

----

----

Beknopte informatie van de lidstaten betreffende overheidssteun die wordt verleend krachtens Verordening (EG) nr. 70/2001 van de Commissie van 12 januari 2001 betreffende de toepassing van de artikelen 87 en 88 van het EG-Verdrag op staatssteun voor kleine en middelgrote ondernemingen

(2006/C 258/05)

(Voor de EER relevante tekst)

----

----

Beknopte informatie van de lidstaten betreffende overheidssteun die wordt verleend krachtens Verordening (EG) nr. 2204/2002 van de Commissie van 12 december 2002 betreffende de toepassing van de artikelen 87 en 88 van het EG-Verdrag op staatssteun voor werkgelegenheid

(2006/C 258/06)

(Voor de EER relevante tekst)

----

(1)  Met uitzondering van de scheepsbouwsector, en andere sectoren waarvoor in verordeningen en richtlijnen bijzondere regels betreffende alle staatssteun in de sector zijn vastgesteld.

----

----

Mededeling van de Commissie in het kader van de uitvoering van Richtlijn 88/378/EEG van de Raad van 3 mei 1988 betreffende de onderlinge aanpassing van de wetgevingen van de lidstaten inzake de veiligheid van speelgoed

(2006/C 258/07)

(Voor de EER relevante tekst)

(Bekendmaking van titels en referentienummers van geharmoniseerde normen in het kader van de richtlijn)

Opmerkingen:

Zie voor meer informatie over geharmoniseerde normen:

http://europa.eu.int/comm/enterprise/newapproach/standardization/harmstds/

----

(1)  ENO: Europese normalisatieorganisatie:

(2)

Opmerking: Overeenkomstig Beschikking 2001/579/EG van de Commissie van 30 juli 2001 (PB L 205 van 31.7.2001, blz. 39) doet overeenstemming met punt 4.20 (d) van norm EN 71-1:1998, betreffende het C-gewogen piekgeluidsdrukniveau dat door speelgoed met klappertjes wordt geproduceerd, pas vanaf 1 augustus 2001 een vermoeden van overeenstemming ontstaan.

(3)

Opmerking: Overeenkomstig Beschikking 2005/195/EG van de Commissie van 9 maart 2005 (PB L 63 van 10.3.2005, blz. 27) bestrijken punt 4.6 en punt 8.14, voor zover het de onderdompeling van een speelgoedartikel in een vat gedurende 24 uur betreft, van norm EN 71-1:1998 niet alle gevaren van speelgoedartikelen en onderdelen daarvan die van opzwelbare materialen zijn vervaardigd. De norm doet in dit opzicht op generlei wijze het vermoeden van overeenstemming ontstaan.

(4)

Opmerking: Norm EN 71-1:1998/A8:2003 heeft uitsluitend betrekking op de risico's die worden veroorzaakt door „balletjes” (in de norm omschreven als „bolvormig, eivormig of ellipsoïdaal voorwerp”) die bedoeld zijn om ermee te gooien, ertegen te slaan of te schoppen of ze te laten rollen, vallen of stuiteren. Voor speelgoed dat balletjes bevat die niet onder de norm vallen, moet een certificaat van EG-typeonderzoek zijn afgegeven alvorens het in de handel wordt gebracht.

(5)PB L 204 van 21.7.1998, blz. 37.

(6)PB L 217 van 5.8.1998, blz. 18.

----

----

Voorafgaande aanmelding van een concentratie

(Zaak nr. COMP/M.4314 — Johnson & Johnson/Pfizer Consumer Healthcare)

(2006/C 258/08)

(Voor de EER relevante tekst)

----

(1)PB L 24 van 29.1.2004, blz. 1.

----

----

Besluit om geen bezwaar aan te tekenen tegen een aangemelde concentratie

(Zaak nr. COMP/M.4405 — Walter Frey Holding/Mitsubishi Motors Europe)

(2006/C 258/09)

(Voor de EER relevante tekst)

Op 17 oktober 2006 heeft de Commissie besloten geen bezwaar aan te tekenen tegen bovenvermelde aangemelde concentratie en deze verenigbaar met de gemeenschappelijke markt te verklaren. Deze beschikking is gebaseerd op artikel 6, lid 1, onder b), van Verordening (EG) nr. 139/2004 van de Raad. De volledige tekst van de beschikking is slechts beschikbaar in het Duits en zal openbaar worden gemaakt na verwijdering van eventuele bedrijfsgeheimen. De tekst is beschikbaar:

----

----

Besluit om geen bezwaar aan te tekenen tegen een aangemelde concentratie

(Zaak nr. COMP/M.4294 — Arcelor/SNCFL/CFL Cargo)

(2006/C 258/10)

(Voor de EER relevante tekst)

Op 9 oktober 2006 heeft de Commissie besloten geen bezwaar aan te tekenen tegen bovenvermelde aangemelde concentratie en deze verenigbaar met de gemeenschappelijke markt te verklaren. Deze beschikking is gebaseerd op artikel 6, lid 1, onder b), van Verordening (EG) nr. 139/2004 van de Raad. De volledige tekst van de beschikking is slechts beschikbaar in het Frans en zal openbaar worden gemaakt na verwijdering van eventuele bedrijfsgeheimen. De tekst is beschikbaar:

----

EUROPESE ECONOMISCHE RUIMTE

EVA-Hof

----

Beroep tegen het Koninkrijk Noorwegen, ingesteld door de Toezichthoudende Autoriteit van de EVA op 31 juli 2006

(Zaak E-2/06)

(2006/C 258/11)

Op 31 juli 2006 werd bij het EVA-Hof tegen het Koninkrijk Noorwegen beroep ingesteld door de Toezichthoudende Autoriteit van de EVA, vertegenwoordigd door Niels Fenger, optredend als gemachtigde van de Toezichthoudende Autoriteit van de EVA, Belliardstraat 35, B-1040 Brussel.

Verzoekster eist dat het Hof:

Feiten en argumenten:

----

Toezichthoudende Autoriteit van de EVA

----

Uitnodiging overeenkomstig artikel 1, lid 2, van deel I van Protocol 3 bij de Overeenkomst betreffende de oprichting van een Toezichthoudende Autoriteit en een Hof van Justitie opmerkingen te maken betreffende een nieuw voorstel voor een regeling in Noorwegen inzake de verstrekking van financiële steun voor onbetaalde arbeid in het kader van onderzoeks- en ontwikkelingsactiviteiten, de „Regeling Onbetaalde Arbeid O&O”.

(2006/C 258/12)

De Toezichthoudende Autoriteit van de EVA heeft bij Besluit 59/06/COL van 8 maart 2006, dat na deze samenvatting in de authentieke taal is weergegeven, de procedure ingeleid van artikel 1, lid 2, van deel I van Protocol 3 bij de Overeenkomst tussen de EVA-Staten betreffende de oprichting van een Toezichthoudende Autoriteit en een Hof van Justitie (Toezichtovereenkomst). De Noorse autoriteiten zijn hiervan in kennis gesteld door middel van een afschrift van het betrokken besluit.

De Toezichthoudende Autoriteit van de EVA verzoekt hierbij de EVA-Staten, de lidstaten van de EU en andere betrokken partijen hun opmerkingen over de betrokken maatregel binnen een maand na publicatie van deze bekendmaking in te dienen bij de:

Deze opmerkingen zullen ter kennis van de Noorse autoriteiten worden gebracht. Een belanghebbende die opmerkingen maakt, kan, met opgave van redenen, schriftelijk verzoeken om vertrouwelijke behandeling van zijn identiteit.

SAMENVATTING

De Autoriteit heeft besloten een formele onderzoeksprocedure in te leiden ten aanzien van een nieuw voorstel van de Noorse autoriteiten om subsidies te verstrekken ter ondersteuning van onbetaalde arbeid in het kader van onderzoeks- en ontwikkelingsactiviteiten (de „Regeling Onbetaalde Arbeid O&O”). Het doel daarvan is aan te moedigen dat kleine bedrijven, zoals zelfstandige ondernemers en eenmansbedrijven, meer investeren in onderzoek en ontwikkeling.

De Regeling Onbetaalde Arbeid O&O is voorgesteld omdat de Noorse autoriteiten van oordeel waren dat onbetaalde arbeid in het kader van onderzoeks- en ontwikkelingsactiviteiten niet kon worden ondersteund uit hoofde van de bestaande „Skattefunn-regeling” (door de Autoriteit goedgekeurd bij haar Besluit 171/02/COL van 25 september 2002 en haar Besluit 16/03/COL van 5 februari 2003). In het kader van de Skattefunn-regeling wordt steun verleend in de vorm van belastingaftrek. De Noorse autoriteiten achtten het echter in strijd met de algemene belastingwetgeving van Noorwegen om op het belastbare bedrag een bedrag in mindering te brengen dat gebaseerd is op kosten voor onbetaalde arbeid die in werkelijkheid niet zijn gemaakt of uitbetaald.

De Autoriteit heeft de Regeling Onbetaalde Arbeid O&O beoordeeld in het kader van de richtsnoeren inzake staatssteun ten behoeve van onderzoek en ontwikkeling. De Autoriteit is tot het voorlopige oordeel gekomen dat de in het kader van de Regeling Onbetaalde Arbeid O&O verleende steun geen duidelijke stimulans is voor het uitvoeren van onderzoeks- en ontwikkelingsactiviteiten. De Autoriteit meent in dit verband dat de onbetaalde onderzoeks- en ontwikkelingsactiviteiten ook zonder de steunverlening zouden worden uitgevoerd, aangezien de personen die de onbetaalde arbeid verrichten kennelijk hoe dan ook bereid waren dat zonder betaling te doen. De steun lijkt derhalve niet noodzakelijk te zijn voor het bereiken van het doel, de uitvoering van de relevante onderzoeks- en ontwikkelingsactiviteiten. Bovendien is de Autoriteit van oordeel dat de kosten van de onbetaalde arbeid geen subsidiabele kosten zijn in de zin van de richtsnoeren inzake staatssteun ten behoeve van onderzoek en ontwikkeling.

De Noorse autoriteiten hebben voorts toegelicht dat veel bedrijven projecten uitvoerden die in het kader van de Skattefunn-regeling waren goedgekeurd, maar dat sommige van die bedrijven vervolgens geen belastingaftrek kregen (of een met reeds ontvangen belastingaftrek overeenstemmend bedrag moesten terugbetalen) omdat er sprake was van onbetaalde arbeid. De Noorse autoriteiten hebben daarom een regeling ingevoerd om ondernemingen te compenseren voor de financiële verliezen die zij in de jaren 2002–2004 in het kader van onderzoeks- en ontwikkelingsprojecten hebben geleden doordat onbetaalde arbeid niet in aanmerking kwam voor de Skattefunn-regeling.

De compensatie voor dit doel zal worden uitbetaald als de minimis-steun. Overschrijdt het totale bedrag aan de minimis-steun dat aan een aanvrager wordt uitgekeerd 100 000 EUR over een periode van drie jaar, dan wordt het compensatiebedrag verlaagd. Voorts zijn aanvragers verplicht een volledig overzicht te geven van alle de minimis-steun die zij vanaf 1 januari 2003 hebben ontvangen. Het voorlopige standpunt van de Autoriteit is derhalve dat de compensatieregeling onder de de minimis-drempel valt die bij de de minimis-verordening is vastgesteld (1).

----

(1)  Verordening (EG) nr. 69/2001 van de Commissie betreffende de toepassing van de artikelen 87 en 88 van het EG-Verdrag op de minimis-steun (PB L 10 van 13.1.2001, blz. 30), opgenomen in Bijlage XV, onder punt 1e, van de EER-Overeenkomst bij Besluit 88/2002 van het Gemengd Comité (PB L 266 van 3.10.2002, blz. 56 en EER-supplement nr. 49 van 3.10.2002, blz. 42).

----

EFTA SURVEILLANCE AUTHORITY DECISION

No 59/06/COL

of 8 March 2006

to initiate the procedure provided for in Article 1(2) in Part I of Protocol 3 to the Surveillance and Court Agreement with regard to financial support to unpaid labour in research and development activities

(NORWAY)

THE EFTA SURVEILLANCE AUTHORITY,

Having regard to the Agreement on the European Economic Area (1), in particular to Articles 61 to 63 and Protocol 26 thereof,

Having regard to the Agreement between the EFTA States on the Establishment of a Surveillance Authority and a Court of Justice (2), in particular to Article 24 thereof and Article 1(2) in Part I of Protocol 3 thereof,

Having regard to the Authority's Guidelines (3) on the application and interpretation of Articles 61 and 62 of the EEA Agreement, and in particular Chapter 14 thereof on aid for research and development,

Whereas:

I.   FACTS

1.   Procedure

By letter dated 14 October 2005 from the Norwegian Mission to the European Union, forwarding a letter from the Norwegian Ministry of Trade and Industry, dated 5 October 2005, both received and registered by the Authority on 17 October 2005 (Event no: 346675), the Norwegian authorities notified, pursuant to Article 1(3) in Part I of Protocol 3 to the Surveillance and Court Agreement, a proposal for a new scheme for State aid to support unpaid labour in research and development activities. The newly proposed scheme is referred to in the following as the ‘Unpaid R&D Labour Scheme’.

By letter dated 27 October 2005 (Event no: 348209), the Authority acknowledged receipt of the notification.

By letter dated 13 December 2005 the Authority requested additional information according to Article 5(1) in Part II of Protocol 3 to the Surveillance and Court Agreement (Event no: 348961). The Norwegian authorities responded by letter dated 10 January 2006, enclosed in a letter from the Norwegian Mission to the European Union, dated 13 January 2006, both received and registered by the Authority on 16 January 2006 (Event no: 358121).

2.   Description of the proposed measures

2.1.   The objective, legal basis and function of the Unpaid R&D Labour Scheme

It appears from legislative preparatory works that the overall objective of the Unpaid R&D Labour Scheme is to stimulate increased investments in research and development activities, particularly by small companies, such as entrepreneur and one-man enterprises (4). More specifically, the objective of the new scheme is to stimulate efforts by individuals in research and development oriented companies which, in the start-up phase, often are dependent on work resources that cannot be paid for. Research and development oriented companies are considered by the Norwegian authorities to be important for purposes of value creation derived from research as well as for innovation.

On a more detailed level, the Norwegian authorities have explained that the introduction of the Unpaid R&D Labour Scheme was motivated by the fact that under the existing ‘Skattefunn Scheme’ (5), it is not possible to support unpaid labour in research and development activities undertaken by entrepreneur and one-man enterprises due to the fact that the Skattefunn Scheme is a tax deduction scheme (6). In this respect the authorities have explained that under the Skattefunn Scheme aid is granted to research and development activities in the form of a tax deduction (or tax credit) whereby an amount, corresponding to a percentage of the eligible costs, is deducted from the amount due in tax by the company. However, the Norwegian authorities considered that it would not be in compliance with general tax legislation to deduct, in the amount to be paid in tax, an amount which is not based on actual eligible costs but rather on unpaid labour ‘costs’ which have not been incurred in reality. On this basis it was considered that unpaid labour costs could not qualify as eligible costs under the Skattefunn Scheme.

It is against this background that the Norwegian authorities proposed the establishment of a new Unpaid R&D Labour Scheme under which financial support is to be awarded to unpaid labour in research and development activities in the form of grants which are exempt from tax. As such the Norwegian authorities consider the Unpaid R&D Labour Scheme as a mere correction or supplement to the existing Skattefunn Scheme.

The Norwegian authorities have further explained that many companies have been in charge of projects that were approved under the Skattefunn Scheme but that some of these companies were subsequently prevented from receiving the tax deduction (or had to pay an amount corresponding to an already received tax deduction) due to the fact that unpaid labour was involved. As a result the profitability of entrepreneurs and one-man enterprises has been affected negatively. It is against this background that the Norwegian authorities adopted a decision to introduce a compensation scheme (the ‘Compensation Scheme’) for purposes of compensating companies for financial losses caused to their research and development projects during the years between 2002-2004 as a result of the fact that unpaid labour could not be covered by the Skattefunn Scheme (7). However, the Norwegian authorities consider that the Compensation Scheme does not form part of the notification in the present case as it falls under the de minimis threshold in the ‘de minimis Regulation’ (8).

In a proposition on the fiscal budget from the Norwegian Government to the Norwegian Parliament (9), which was followed up by a Recommendation from a Parliamentary Committee to the Parliament (10), the Government proposed to grant a budget of a total amount of NOK 70 million for the establishment of the Unpaid R&D Labour Scheme as well as the Compensation Scheme. The budget was approved by the Parliament on 17 June 2005.

In parallel, the Government presented a proposal to the Parliament in order to amend the Norwegian Act on Taxation of wealth and income for purposes of introducing provisions on tax treatment and ceilings in respect of the grants to be awarded under the Unpaid R&D Labour Scheme (hereinafter referred to as the ‘Tax law on the Unpaid R&D Labour Scheme’) (11). The proposal was furthered in a Recommendation from the Finance Committee in the Parliament (12). On 17 June 2005 the Norwegian Parliament adopted the Tax law on the Unpaid R&D Labour Scheme (13).

Aside from the adoption of the budget and the Tax law on the Unpaid R&D Labour Scheme, the measure intended to govern the new scheme in practice consists of draft guidelines on the implementation of the Unpaid R&D Labour Scheme (hereinafter referred to as the ‘Guidelines on the Unpaid R&D Labour Scheme’).

Finally, as regards the Compensation Scheme, the Norwegian authorities have proposed a Royal Decree on the implementation of the Compensation Scheme as well as the authorities' plan to prepare and issue draft Guidelines on the functioning of the Compensation Scheme (14).

It appears from the Guidelines on the Unpaid R&D Labour Scheme that eligible projects must involve research and development activities performed by individuals who are not receiving any pay or other compensation for their labour. Individuals who receive payment by means of other public sources are not covered (15).

As regards the type of the projects covered by the scheme, it appears moreover from the Guidelines on the Unpaid R&D Labour Scheme that eligible projects must be aimed (but also limited to) providing new information, knowledge or experience that is presumed to be of use to the enterprise in connection with the development of new or better products, services or production methods. Moreover, activities where results from industrial research are transferred into a plan, a project or a design for new enhanced products, services or production processes, and the development of a first prototype or pilot project that cannot be commercially exploited are also eligible activities under the Unpaid R&D Labour Scheme (16). The Norwegian authorities have stated that this definition of eligible research and development projects is identical to the definition of eligible research and development projects under the existing Skattefunn Scheme. In fact, in practice the Norwegian authorities refer to eligible projects under the Unpaid R&D Labour Scheme as projects which meet the ‘Skattefunn criteria’ or have been approved under the Skattefunn Scheme (17).

The Unpaid R&D Labour Scheme is administered and implemented by ‘Norges forskningsråd’. The latter body is also the secretariat and the administering body, assessing whether projects are eligible under the Skattefunn scheme (18). The Norwegian authorities have explained that the fact that the definition of eligible research and development activities are defined in the same manner under both the Skattefunn Scheme and the Unpaid R&D Labour Scheme, and that the administering body, assessing whether the projects qualify as eligible, is the same under both schemes, means that for purposes of implementation the two schemes are also closely coordinated. In this regard applicants applying for support to eligible research and development activities must complete one single application form only in which the applicant has had the option to tick off whether support is sought for paid or unpaid labour in the relevant research and development activities (19). Moreover, financial support to be granted under the Unpaid R&D Labour Scheme will be taken into account when applicants also request support under the Skattefunn Scheme and is also limited by the maximum limit for support under the latter scheme (20). In fact, according to the Norwegian authorities the only difference between the two schemes is the type of eligible costs (i.e., paid as opposed to unpaid labour) and the form in which support is granted (i.e., a tax deduction as opposed to a grant).

2.2.   Recipients

The Norwegian authorities have explained that the Unpaid R&D Labour Scheme is open to all tax payers with tax liability in Norway, including all enterprises, irrespectively of their size and sector (21). Recipients may include undertakings jointly participating in a co-operation project (22).

The Norwegian authorities have explained that the reason that the Unpaid R&D Labour Scheme includes medium-sized and large companies is to keep it in conformity with the conditions of the Skattefunn Scheme (which is open to all enterprises regardless of size) (23). However, the Norwegian authorities have also made it clear that, in practice, the Unpaid R&D Labour Scheme is intended to target only entrepreneur firms and one-man enterprises: ‘Even if the scheme includes enterprises of all sizes, the very nature of the scheme (support for unpaid labour) implies that the incentive effect will be most significant for entrepreneur-firms and one-man enterprises.’ (24) In the same vein the authorities have stated that the Unpaid R&D Labour Scheme is ‘...primarily targeting newly established technology-based companies with no ability to pay salaries to the individuals performing the R&D activity.’ and ‘As the Unpaid R&D Labour Scheme shall give support to unpaid labour performed by R&D personnel not receiving salary or other compensation for the labour, the scheme will not be relevant for ordinary medium-sized and large companies.’ (25)

On this basis the Norwegian authorities have stated that ‘Companies with an annual turnover or an annual balance sheet total corresponding to the ESA definition of medium-sized companies will in practise not receive support for unpaid labour.’ The reason for this is that, according to the Norwegian authorities, ‘Larger companies generally use employed and paid R&D personnel to perform the actual R&D activity in a Skattefunn-project.’ and ‘The costs of paying these employees will be eligible for tax-refund in the Skattefunn Scheme, and such companies will therefore neither have need nor basis for applying for subsidy from the Unpaid R&D Labour Scheme.’ (26)

Finally, the Norwegian authorities point out that the maximum limit for support to an eligible project is the same both in case support is granted exclusively in the form of a tax deduction under the Skattefunn Scheme or by a combination of a tax deduction and a grant under the Unpaid R&D Labour Scheme. There is therefore no incentive for large companies to obtain support from both schemes. By contrast, research and development activities performed by companies which only rely on unpaid labour will not be eligible for support under the Skattefunn Scheme.

2.3.   Eligible costs and aid intensity

Under the Unpaid R&D Labour Scheme, eligible expenditure consists of the unpaid labour costs in an eligible project (27). In terms of identifying the appropriate wage rate(s) for the unpaid labour, the Norwegian authorities have explained that as formal qualifications of an individual are not always reflected in the ability to carry out research and development projects, it was difficult to identify separate wage rates which correspond to relevant education, experience and field of work. It was therefore decided to use one common rate for the calculation of support under the Unpaid R&D Labour Scheme.

The hourly rate is based on 1,6 ‰ of the nominal annual industrial worker salary which for the year of 2005 results in an hourly rate of NOK 550. However, as a mark-up for social and overhead/administrative costs for purposes of unpaid labour costs was considered exaggerated, it was decided to use one common hourly rate of NOK 500 for unpaid labour performed in 2005 (28). The hourly rate of NOK 500 may be subject to adjustment by the Ministry of Trade and Industry on the basis of general wage developments.

As regards a ceiling on the eligible costs, it appears from the Guidelines on the Unpaid R&D Labour Scheme that the unpaid labour costs eligible for financial support is subject to a fixed ceiling of NOK 2 million annually per undertaking (29).

Finally, as regards control measures, the unpaid labour and the rest of the project costs must be certified by an accountant (30). The Norwegian authorities have explained that as there is no evidence of reported hours in unpaid labour, companies are required to record the date, tasks, number of hours spent and the name of the relevant individual. In projects with more than one individual, the records must be signed both by the individual having carried out the unpaid labour and the individual responsible for the project. The reported number of hours may be reduced if it is deemed to be out of proportion of what may be considered as ‘normal’ in comparable projects.

The Guidelines on the Unpaid R&D Labour Scheme provide that grants awarded under the Unpaid R&D Labour Scheme are subject to the thresholds set out in Section 16-40 of the Norwegian Act on Taxation of wealth and income (31). The latter provision is the basis for the Skattefunn Scheme and provides that eligible projects may be supported with aid intensities of up to 18 % or alternatively 20 % in the case of small and medium-sized enterprises ‘SMEs’ (that is, the support may amount to 18 % or 20 % of eligible costs).

The Norwegian authorities first stated that this means that the net aid intensities under the Unpaid R&D Labour Scheme are 18 % and 20 % (for SMEs) which correspond to gross aid intensities of respectively 25 % and 27,8 % (for SMEs) (32). However, the authorities have subsequently explained and confirmed that since the support under the Unpaid R&D Labour Scheme is paid in the form of a grant, 18 % and 20 % (for SMEs) constitute gross aid intensities (33). The grants are exempt from corporate tax, the rate of which is currently 28 %. Finally, the Norwegian authorities have confirmed that in view of the fact that the ceiling for eligible unpaid labour costs is NOK 2 million, and that the aid intensities are 18 % and 20 % (for SMEs), the aid ceilings in absolute figures are NOK 360 000 and NOK 400 000 (for SMEs) on an annual basis (34).

The grants awarded under the Unpaid R&D Labour Scheme are considered in conjunction with aid received under the Skattefunn Scheme. In this respect it appears from the proposed and adopted Tax law on the Unpaid R&D Labour Scheme (35) that if, in an eligible project, it can be concluded that the total amount of the tax deduction (under the Skattefunn Scheme) and the grant (under the R&D Labour Scheme) exceeds the limits set forth in the Skattefunn scheme, the tax deduction will be diminished. The Norwegian authorities have explained that under the Skattefunn Scheme the total amount of support may not exceed 18 % or 20 % (for SMEs) of eligible costs, and the eligible costs may not be in excess of NOK 4 million. The Norwegian authorities have also clarified that these limits are, however, without prejudice to the fact that the costs of unpaid labour must still be within the abovementioned ceiling of NOK 2 million. Finally the authorities have explained that in case grants under the Unpaid R&D Labour Scheme and public support from sources, other than the Skattefunn Scheme, are the cause of exceeding the limit for total support, a reduction in the support granted under the Unpaid R&D Labour Scheme will be made.

2.4.   De minimis

As stated above, the Norwegian authorities consider that the Compensation Scheme does not form part of the notification as it falls under the de minimis threshold under the ‘de minimis Regulation’ (36).

Section 6 of the Royal Decree on the Compensation Scheme provides that the compensation will be calculated on the basis of an hourly rate of NOK 500 and that it must constitute 18 % or 20 % (for SMEs) of the costs for unpaid labour in eligible projects. The total amount of eligible costs may not exceed NOK 4 million in the relevant financial year where research and development is carried out by the undertaking itself or NOK 8 million in case of research and development activities carried out by research institutions (37).

The Norwegian authorities have stated that Article 3(1) of the de minimis Regulation has been complied with by virtue of a reference to the de minimis character of the compensation in Section 8 of the Royal Decree on the Compensation Scheme. The latter provision provides that compensation will be paid out as de minimis aid in accordance with the ‘de minimis Regulation’; and that if the total amount of de minimis aid to the applicant exceeds Euro 100 000 during a period of three years, the compensation will be reduced. Applicants which cannot receive de minimis aid cannot claim to be entitled to receive compensation under the Royal Decree on the Compensation Scheme (38).

Applicants requesting compensation must submit an overview of the total amount of all tax deductions received under the Skattefunn Scheme during the years for which compensation is sought as well as a complete overview of all de minimis aid received by the applicant as of 1 January 2003 (39). Applicants must request compensation within six weeks of the publication of the Royal Decree on the Compensation Scheme (40). The compensation will be paid out in the form of lump sums during 2006.

2.5.   Budget and duration

It appears from legislative preparatory works on the fiscal budget that out of a total amount of NOK 70 million, financed by the Ministry of Trade and Industry for 2005, NOK 60 million is the budget for the Unpaid R&D Labour Scheme (of which NOK 5 million is for administration costs) while NOK 10 million is the budget for the Compensation Scheme (41).

The Unpaid R&D Labour Scheme is not limited in time. In this respect the Norwegian authorities have stated that as the objective of the Unpaid R&D Labour Scheme is to stimulate unpaid research and development activities to the same extent as paid research and development activities are stimulated under the Skattefunn Scheme, the time frame for the Unpaid R&D Labour Scheme must be the same as that for the Skattefunn Scheme. In this respect it appears from the Authority's approval of amendments to the Skattefunn Scheme that the Skattefunn Scheme is not limited in time (42). However, just as under the Skattefunn Scheme, the continuation of the Unpaid R&D Labour Scheme is dependent on the approval of an annual budget each year (43).

II.   APPRECIATION

1.   Procedural requirements

Pursuant to Article 1(3) in Part I of Protocol 3 to the Surveillance and Court Agreement, ‘the EFTA Surveillance Authority shall be informed, in sufficient time to enable it to submit its comments, of any plans to grant or alter aid. [...]. The State concerned shall not put its proposed measures into effect until the procedure has resulted in a final decision’.

By means of a letter dated 5 October 2005, the Norwegian authorities have submitted a notification for purposes of introducing the Unpaid R&D Labour Scheme under which financial support may be granted to unpaid labour in research and development activities.

As regards the entry into force of the Unpaid R&D Labour Scheme, it appears from legislative preparatory works (on the budget) that entry into force of the scheme is dependent on what would be determined in the context of adopting the Tax law on the Unpaid R&D Labour Scheme (44). The Norwegian authorities therefore consider the Tax law on the Unpaid R&D Labour Scheme as the legal measure determining when the Unpaid R&D Labour Scheme enters into force. It appears from the adopted Tax law on the Unpaid R&D Labour Scheme that the Ministry of Finance decides when the law enters into force. It appears, moreover, from the relevant preparatory legislative works that this provision is based on the prerequisite that the Unpaid R&D Labour Scheme must be notified to, and approved by, the Authority before entering into force (45). Subject to approval by the Authority the original objective was to have the scheme enter into force during the autumn of 2005 (46).

In these circumstances — where the power of the Ministry of Finance to command the entry into force of the Unpaid R&D Labour Scheme is subject to the condition of obtaining a prior approval by the Authority — the Authority considers that the Norwegian authorities have respected its notification requirement pursuant to Article 1(3) in Part I of Protocol 3 to the Surveillance and Court Agreement.

2.   The presence of State aid

2.1.   State aid within the meaning of Article 61(1) of the EEA Agreement

Article 61(1) of the EEA Agreement reads as follows:

‘Save as otherwise provided in this Agreement, any aid granted by EC Member States, EFTA States or through State resources in any form whatsoever which distorts or threatens to distort competition by favouring certain undertakings or the production of certain goods shall, in so far as it affects trade between Contracting Parties, be incompatible with the functioning of this Agreement.’

To be termed aid, within the meaning of Article 61(1) of the EEA Agreement a measure must meet the following four cumulative criteria: The measure must (i) confer on recipients an economic advantage which is not received in the normal course of business; (ii) the advantage must be granted by the State or through State resources and must (iii) be selective by favouring certain undertakings or the production of certain goods; and (iv) distort competition and affect trade between Contracting Parties. In the following it is examined whether the four cumulative criteria are met in the present case.

2.2.   Economic advantage

The measure must confer on recipients an economic advantage which is not received in the normal course of business.

Under the Unpaid R&D Labour Scheme the Norwegian authorities will award financial grants to tax payers, including all enterprises. The recipients of such grants therefore receive an economic advantage, i.e., a grant, which they would not have received in their normal course of business.

Moreover, recipients of grants are exempted from paying corporate tax on the grants. The tax exemption relieves recipients from a charge that is normally borne out of their budgets and they therefore receive one further economic advantage in addition to the grant.

2.3.   Presence of State resources

The measure must be granted by the State or through State resources.

The grants awarded under the Unpaid R&D Labour Scheme are financed by the Ministry of Trade and Industry and are therefore financed by the State.

Moreover, with respect to the exemption of grants from corporate tax, a tax exemption means that the State foregoes tax revenue and a loss of tax revenue is equivalent to consumption of State resources in the form of fiscal expenditure (47).

2.4.   Favouring certain undertakings or the production of certain goods

The measure must be selective in that it favours ‘certain undertakings or the production of certain goods’.

In its decision (16/03/COL) of 5 February 2003 in which the Authority assessed a notified amendment to the Skattefunn Scheme for purposes of extending the scheme to be open to all undertakings, irrespective of their size and sector, the Authority considered that the bodies administering and implementing the Skattefunn Scheme (i.e., ‘Statens nærings- og distriktsutviklingsfond’ and‘Norges forskningsråd’), enjoyed discretionary powers for purposes of assessing the research character of the projects and the incentive effect of the support measure.

In view of the above and the fact that the criteria for determining the eligibility of projects under the Skattefunn Scheme and the Unpaid R&D Labour Scheme are the same and are assessed by the same administering body, i.e., Norges forskningsråd, the Authority takes the view that the latter enjoys discretionary powers also for purposes of implementing the Unpaid R&D Labour Scheme. This means that the Unpaid R&D Labour Scheme is, de facto, selective. In this regard the Authority recalls that the European Court of Justice has held that discretionary powers enjoyed by the public authorities, administering a financial support scheme, means that the scheme is, de facto, selective (48).

In addition hereto, it is recalled that the Norwegian authorities state that the Unpaid R&D Labour Scheme will, in practice, only favour one-man enterprises and entrepreneur firms. To the extent that this means that Norges forskningsråd will also implement the R&D Labour Scheme in this manner (i.e., by turning down applications for support from medium-sized or large companies), the Authority considers that this is a mere confirmation of the fact that Norges forskningsråd enjoys discretionary powers and that the scheme is, de facto, selective (in favour of one-man enterprises and entrepreneur firms). Indeed the statement of the Norwegian authorities that ‘...there is noformaldiscrimination against larger companies in the Unpaid R&D Labour Scheme's definition of beneficiaries.’ (emphasis added) could be an indication that the scheme is to be implemented in the above-stated manner.

Finally, the assessment set out above is equally valid for the exemption from corporate tax enjoyed by recipients of grants under the Unpaid R&D Labour Scheme.

2.5.   Distortion of competition and effect on trade between Contracting Parties

The measure must distort competition and affect trade between the Contracting Parties.

The Unpaid R&D Labour Scheme covers all sectors of the economy established in Norway. In view of the fact that for the year of 2006 exports to the EU will represent about 70 % out of total exports from Norway, whereas imports from the EU will represent approximately 68 % out of total imports to Norway, there is extensive trade between Norway and the EU (49).

In such circumstances, the Authority considers that the grant of support and the connected tax exemption in favour of undertakings under the Unpaid R&D Labour Scheme will strengthen the relative position of recipients compared to other undertakings located in other EEA countries and competing in similar sectors or businesses. Furthermore, in case the administering body of the Unpaid R&D Labour Scheme may indeed preclude larger companies from receiving support, the position of one-man enterprises and entrepreneur companies, receiving support under the scheme will be reinforced compared to any larger companies which would be denied support. The Unpaid R&D Labour Scheme is therefore to be regarded as affecting trade and distorting or threatening to distort competition.

2.6.   Conclusion

In light of the above, the preliminary conclusion of the Authority is that the grant of support, including the tax exemption under the Unpaid R&D Labour Scheme, satisfies the test of Article 61(1) of the EEA Agreement and hence involves State aid.

3.   Compatibility of the aid and de minimis aid

As the preliminary conclusion of the Authority is that the Unpaid R&D Labour Scheme satisfies the test of Article 61(1) of the EEA Agreement and hence involves State aid, it has to be examined whether the Unpaid R&D Labour Scheme may be considered compatible with the functioning of the EEA Agreement under Article 61(2) or (3) of the EEA Agreement.

3.1.   Compatibility with Article 61(2) of the EEA Agreement

It appears that none of the exceptions under Article 61(2) apply in this case as the Unpaid R&D Labour Scheme is not aimed at the objectives listed in those provisions.

3.2.   Compatibility with Article 61(3) of the EEA Agreement

A State aid measure is considered compatible with the functioning of the EEA Agreement under Article 61(3)(a) when it is designed to promote the economic development where the standard of living is abnormally low or where there is serious underemployment. However, as no such areas are defined by the Norwegian regional aid map, this provision does not apply (50).

Moreover, the exception in Article 61(3)(b) of the EEA Agreement does not apply since the State aid granted under the Unpaid R&D Labour Scheme is not intended to promote the execution of an important project of common European interest or to remedy a serious disturbance in the economy of Norway.

However, the exception laid down in Article 61(3)(c) of the EEA Agreement which provides that State aid may be considered compatible with the common market where it facilitates the development of certain economic activities or of certain economic areas and does not adversely affect trading conditions to an extent contrary to the common interest, may be applicable.

In the following the Authority considers the compatibility of the Unpaid R&D Labour Scheme with the functioning of the EEA Agreement under Article 61(3)(c) by virtue of Chapter 14 in the State Aid Guidelines on aid for research and development.

(i)   Eligible research and development projects and aid intensities

In Chapter 14 of the State Aid Guidelines aid granted to firms for research and development may be regarded as compatible with the functioning of the EEA Agreement on the basis of Article 61(3)(c) of the EEA Agreement. Chapter 14 sets out indicative definitions of different types of research and development, such as ‘fundamental research’, ‘industrial research’ and ‘precompetitive development activity’ and the aid intensities which apply.

It appears from paragraph 2 of Chapter 14.2.1 that by ‘precompetitive development activity’ is meant ‘the shaping of the results of industrial research into a plan, arrangement or design for new, altered or improved products, processes or services, whether they are intended to be sold or used, including the creation of an initial prototype which could not be used commercially. This may also include the conceptual formulation and design of other products, processes or services and initial demonstration projects or pilot projects, provided that such projects cannot be converted or used for industrial applications or commercial exploitation. It does not include the routine or periodic changes made to products, production lines, manufacturing processes, existing services and other operations in progress, even if such changes may represent improvements.’

The Authority considers that the description of eligible projects under the Unpaid R&D Labour Scheme, set out above in Section 2.1 of Part I hereof, seems to be in line with the description given of ‘pre-competitive development activity’ in paragraph 2 of Chapter 14.2.1 of the State Aid Guidelines.

According to paragraph five of Chapter 14.5.1 of the State Aid Guidelines, the permissible gross aid intensity for pre-competitive development activities is fixed at 25 % of eligible costs. Moreover, according to paragraph one of Chapter 14.5.3 of the State Aid Guidelines, an extra 10 percentage points may be granted where the aid is given to SMEs (as defined in the Annex to the block exemption on aid to SMEs), bringing the aid intensity up to 35 % of eligible costs in the case of pre-competitive activities by SMEs (51).

Since the support granted under the Unpaid R&D Labour Scheme is paid in the form of a grant, 18 % and 20 % (for SMEs) constitute gross aid intensities. However, the fact that the grant is tax exempt is a further aid element, the value of which corresponds to the current tax rate of 28 %. In the present case the total gross aid intensity corresponds, therefore, to the combined maximum value of the grant and the tax exemption which is 23,04 % and 25,6 % (for SMEs) (52). The Authority therefore considers that the maximum aid intensities of the Unpaid R&D Labour Scheme are currently on an acceptable level by reference to Chapter 14 of the State Aid Guidelines. However, if the corporate tax rate should be increased, the total gross aid intensity may become higher. Therefore, in the absence of any general aid intensity ceilings which ensure that individual aid awards under the Unpaid R&D Labour Scheme do not exceed the aid intensities set out in Chapter 14.5.1 of the State Aid Guidelines, the Authority cannot be reassured that the aid intensities, which may result from the application of the Unpaid R&D Labour Scheme, will be on an acceptable level by reference to Chapter 14 of the State Aid Guidelines also in the future. On this basis the Authority has doubts that the aid intensities resulting from the application of the Unpaid R&D Aid Scheme may be considered as compatible on the basis of Chapter 14 of the State Aid Guidelines.

(ii)   Eligible costs and incentive effect

Section 14.6 of the State Aid Guidelines sets out a list of costs which are to be regarded as eligible for purposes of calculating the aid intensity set out in Chapter 14. One of such cost items is personnel costs which cover the costs of researchers, technicians and other supporting staff employed solely for the research activity.

While section 14.6 of the State Aid Guidelines does not elaborate on whether personnel costs may cover costs of unpaid labour, the Authority considers that when the word ‘costs’ has been used without any further explanation it means that the intention was only to cover the situation where costs have actually been incurred and paid. Moreover, for purposes of interpreting Chapter 14 of the State Aid Guidelines, which are based on the research and development guidelines established by the European Commission, (53) the Authority considers it relevant that under the Community Research Framework Programmes, financial support from the Community for unpaid labour costs cannot be obtained (54). In this context the European Commission has adopted the view that if the value of the labour costs cannot be identified and registered in the books of the company it cannot be charged to the Framework Programme either (55).

As regards the incentive effect, it appears from section 14.7 of the State Aid Guidelines that aid for research and development should serve as an incentive for firms to undertake research and development activities in addition to their normal day-to-day operations or it may encourage firms not carrying out research and development to undertake such activities. Where the incentive effect is not evident the Authority may consider such aid less favourably than it usually does.

In the present case the Authority considers that it is doubtful whether the aid awarded under the Unpaid R&D Labour Scheme may be considered as an evident incentive to carry out research and development activities in line with section 14.7 of the State Aid Guidelines. In this respect the Authority takes the preliminary view that unpaid research and development activities would be carried out in any event, i.e., even without the aid, since the individuals carrying out unpaid labour were apparently prepared to undertake the relevant work without pay in any event. In other words, the Authority considers that the aid appears not to be necessary in order to achieve the aim of having the relevant research and development activities carried out.

Moreover, to the extent that the Unpaid R&D Labour Scheme would also apply to larger companies, it is clear that such companies could (over time) (re-)organise their research and development activities into basing themselves on using unpaid labour instead of paid labour due to knowledge of the fact that support for unpaid labour may be obtained. In such circumstances it is certain that the support under the Unpaid R&D Labour Scheme is not the incentive for undertaking the relevant research and development activity. In this context the Authority considers that the fact that the company may — for the same project — obtain a tax deduction under the Skattefunn Scheme (by using paid labour) is irrelevant because the reason for using unpaid labour in these cases would precisely be that it is financially more attractive to obtain support for paying the labour than a tax deduction in respect of already paid labour.

On this basis the Authority takes the preliminary view that it is doubtful whether the unpaid labour costs qualify as eligible costs and whether there is any incentive effect under the Unpaid R&D Labour Scheme. In light of the comments set out above, the Norwegian authorities are invited to submit reasons as to why it may be considered that the Unpaid R&D Labour Scheme does create an incentive to carry out research and development activities and on what basis unpaid labour costs should qualify as eligible costs.

3.3.   Conclusions

In view of the fact that the Unpaid R&D Labour Scheme appears not to qualify for any of the exceptions provided for in the EEA Agreement, the Authority doubts that the Unpaid R&D Labour Scheme may be considered compatible with the functioning of the EEA Agreement.

3.4.   De minimis aid: The Compensation Scheme

The grant of State aid may qualify as de minimis under the ‘de minimis Regulation’ where the total aid granted to any one enterprise does not exceed Euro 100 000 over any three-year period with the consequence that there is no obligation to notify (56). It appears from Article 3(1) of the de minimis Regulation that the national authorities can only grant de minimis aid after first having verified that the total amount of de minimis aid received by the company is not raised beyond the ceiling by virtue of other de minimis aid having been received during the previous three years. One way of verifying the de minimis threshold is by obtaining full information from the recipient on this matter.

In the present case compensation under the Compensation Scheme will be paid out as de minimis aid and if the total amount of de minimis aid to an applicant exceeds Euro 100 000during a period of three years, the compensation will be reduced. Moreover, the Norwegian authorities will obtain from the applicants, via their applications requesting compensation, an overview of the total amount of all tax deductions received by the applicant under the Skattefunn Scheme during the years for which compensation is sought, as well as a complete overview of all de minimis aid the applicant has received as of 1 January 2003.

On the basis of the above and on the assumption that the Norwegian authorities will not grant de minimis aid under the Compensation Scheme where it is clear that the de minmis threshold has been or will, as a result of the new grant, be exceeded, the Authority considers that the Compensation Scheme is in compliance with the de minimis Regulation, including the requirement of verifying that the potential recipient has not received other de minimis aid in excess of the relevant ceiling.

On the basis of the information available, the Authority therefore takes the preliminary view that the aid granted to undertakings under the Compensation Scheme will qualify as de minimis aid.

III.   CONCLUSION

Based on the information submitted by the Norwegian authorities, the Authority cannot exclude that the Unpaid R&D Labour Scheme constitutes aid within the meaning of Article 61(1) of the EEA Agreement. Furthermore, the Authority has doubts that the Unpaid R&D Labour Scheme can be regarded as complying with Article 61(3)(c) of the EEA Agreement, in combination with the requirements laid down in Chapter 14 of the Authority's State Aid Guidelines. Consequently, the Authority has doubts that the Unpaid R&D Labour Scheme is compatible with the functioning of the EEA Agreement.

Consequently, and in accordance Article 4(4) in Part II of Protocol 3 to the Surveillance and Court Agreement, the Authority is obliged to open the procedure provided for in Article 1(2) in Part I of Protocol 3 of the Surveillance and Court Agreement. The decision to open proceedings is without prejudice to the final decision of the Authority, which may conclude that the Unpaid R&D Labour Scheme is compatible with the functioning of the EEA Agreement.

In light of the foregoing considerations, the Authority, acting under the procedure laid down in Article 1(2) in Part I of Protocol 3 to the Surveillance and Court Agreement, requests the Norwegian authorities to submit its comments and to provide all such information which may help to assess the Unpaid R&D Labour Scheme, within one month of the date of receipt of this decision.

HAS ADOPTED THIS DECISION:

Done at Brussels, 8 March 2006

For the EFTA Surveillance Authority

Bjørn T. GRYDELAND

President

Kurt JAEGER

College Member

----

(1)  Hereinafter referred to as the ‘EEA Agreement’.

(2)  Hereinafter referred to as the ‘Surveillance and Court Agreement’.

(3)  Procedural and Substantive Rules in the Field of State Aid — Guidelines on the application and interpretation of Articles 61 and 62 of the EEA Agreement and Article 1 of Protocol 3 to the Surveillance and Court Agreement, adopted and issued by the EFTA Surveillance Authority on 19 January 1994, published in OJ L 231, 3.9.1994, p. 1, EEA Supplement No 32, 3.9.94, p.1, last amended by the Authority's Decision No 329/05/COL of 20 December 2005 on financing of airports and start up aid to airlines (hereinafter referred to as the ‘State Aid Guidelines’).

(4)  Section 3.9 of St. prp. No 65 (2004-2005).

(5)  The Skattefunn Scheme was approved by the Authority in its Decision No 171/02/COL of 25 September 2002 and amendments to the Skattefunn Scheme were approved by the Authority in its Decision No 16/03/COL of 5 February 2003.

(6)  The terms used by the Norwegian authorities for the mentioned company forms are ‘gründerselskaper’ and‘enkeltpersonforetak’.

(7)  The Compensation Scheme is described in section 3.9 of St. prp. No 65 (2004-2005).

(8)  Commission Regulation (EC) No 69/2001 on the application of Articles 87 and 88 of the EC Treaty to de minimis aid (OJ L 10, 13.1.2001, p. 30), incorporated into Annex XV in Section 1(e) to the EEA Agreement by means of Joint Committee Decision No 88/2002 (OJ L 266, 3.10.2002, p. 56 and EEA Supplement No 49, 3.10.2002, p. 42).

(9)  Section 3.9 of St. prp. No 65 (2004-2005): Chapter 928, item 71 concerns the Unpaid R&D Labour Scheme and Chapter 1500, item 73 concerns the Compensation Scheme.

(10)  Innst. S. No 240 (2004-2005): Section 10.1.1.2, Chapter 928, item 71 concerns the Unpaid R&D Labour Scheme; and Section 16.2.4, Chapter 1500, item 73 concerns the Compensation Scheme.

(11)  Section 14.1 of Ot. prp. No 92 (2004-2005) which also refers to the original budget proposition in St. prp. No 65 (2004-2005).

(12)  Section 15.1 of Innst. O. No 125 (2004-2005).

(13)‘Lov 2005-06-17 nr 74: Lov om endringer i lov 26. mars 1999 No 14 om skatt av formue og inntekt (skatteloven).’

(14)‘Forskrift om kompensasjon for ulønnet arbeidsinnsats i Skattefunn-godkjente forsknings- og utviklingsprosjekter for inntektsårene 2002, 2003 og 2004’. The draft Guidelines is intended to be based on ‘Høringsnotat om utkast til forskrift om kompensasjon for ulønnet arbeidsinnsats i Skattefunn-godkjente forsknings- og utviklingsprojsekt for inntektsårene 2002, 2003 og 2004.’ (in the following referred to as ‘Høringsnotat’).

(15)  Section 6 of Part III.6.A in the Standard Notification Form and Section 3 of the Guidelines on the Unpaid R&D Labour Scheme.

(16)  Section 6 of Part I in the Standard Notification Form and Section 3 of the Guidelines on the Unpaid R&D Labour Scheme. However, ordinary business oriented product development without having the character of research are not encompassed, such as projects that have a continuing character or include modification of methods without requiring the development of new knowledge or the use of existing knowledge in new ways, are of an organisational character, or consist of inquires, etc.

(17)  Section 3 of the Guidelines on the Unpaid R&D Labour Scheme; and Section IX of the Tax law on the Unpaid R&D Labour Scheme.

(18)  Section 3.9 of St. prp. No 65 (2004-2005), Section 14.1 of Ot. prp. No 92 (2004-2005) and the introduction to the Guidelines on the Unpaid R&D Labour Scheme.

(19)  Section 7 of the Guidelines on the Unpaid R&D Labour Scheme.

(20)  See further Section 2.3 herein below on ‘Eligible costs and aid intensity’.

(21)  See also Section 3.9 of St. prp. No 65 (2004-2005) where it is stated that the Unpaid R&D Labour Scheme is addressed to one-man enterprises, limited companies and other types of companies.

(22)  In this case the cost frame of the project is allocated to the participants in proportion to their share of participation.

(23)  The Norwegian authorities have in this context stated that ‘This is also why there is no formal discrimination against larger companies in the Unpaid R&D Labour Scheme's definition of beneficiaries.’ (emphasis added).

(24)  Section 8.1 in Part III.6.A of the Standard Notification form.

(25)  Letter, dated 10 January 2006, from the Norwegian Ministry of Trade and Industry.

(26)  Letter dated 10 January 2006, from the Norwegian Ministry of Trade and Industry.

(27)  Section 6 of Part III.6.A of the Standard Notification form.

(28)  A similar method is applied in the context of the Skattefunn Scheme where the basis for the calculation of support to personnel and indirect costs per hour is 1,6‰ of the nominal salary. However, under the Skattefunn Scheme the nominal salary also includes social and overhead/administrative costs.

(29)  Section 3 of the draft Guidelines on Unpaid R&D Labour Scheme. It appears from Section 3.9 of St. prp. No 65 (2004-2005) that the ceiling is a result of the fact that only up to 50 % of the maximum limit for support to projects (carried out by the undertaking itself) under the Skattefunn scheme (of NOK 4 million) may constitute the value of unpaid labour in the project.

(30)  Section 4 of the Guidelines on the Unpaid R&D Labour Scheme.

(31)  Section 3 of the Guidelines on the Unpaid R&D Labour Scheme.

(32)  Section 7 of Part III.6.A of the Standard Notification form.

(33)  This should be compared to the situation under the Skattefunn Scheme where the Authority considered in its Decision No 171/02/COL of 25 September 2002 (approving the Skattefunn Scheme) that as the aid is granted in the form of a tax deduction, the 18 % is a net grant which corresponds to a gross aid intensity of 25 % (taking into account a tax rate of 28 %).

(34)  Section 3 of the Guidelines on the Unpaid R&D Labour Scheme and Section 6 of Part I in the Standard Notification form.

(35)  Section 14.2.1 of Ot. prp. No 92 (2004-2005) and Section IX of the Tax law on the Unpaid R&D Labour Scheme.

(36)  Article 2(1) of the de minimis Regulation, see reference in footnote 8 above.

(37)  Section 7 of the Royal Decree on the Compensation Scheme.

(38)  It appears from the ‘Høringsnotat’ that this statement refers to Article 1 of the de minimis Regulation which lists sectors and activities excluded from receiving de minimis aid.

(39)  Section 9(h) and (i) of the Royal Decree on the Compensation Scheme.

(40)  See Section 3 of the Royal Decree on the Compensation Scheme and the second paragraph in the ‘Høringsnotat’.

(41)  Section 3.9 of St. prp. No 65 (2004-2005) and Section 5 in Part I of the Standard Notification form.

(42)  Decision No 16/03/COL adopted by the Authority on 5 February 2003. The Skattefunn Scheme is currently the subject of an evaluation (to be terminated in 2007) for purposes of determining whether the scheme should be continued in its present form, be altered or terminated.

(43)  Section 5 in Part I of the Standard Notification form.

(44)  Section 3.9 of St. prp. No 65 (2004-2005).

(45)  Section 14.3 of Ot. prp. No 92 (2004-2005) which refers to Section 3.9 of St. prp. No 65 (2004-2005).

(46)  See Section 7.2 in Part I of the Standard Notification form.

(47)  See point 3 of Chapter 17.B.3 of the State Aid Guidelines.

(48)  See Case 241/94 France v Commission [1998] ECR I-7907, paragraphs 23 and 24; Case C-295/97 Industrie Aeronautiche e Meccaniche Rinaldo Piaggio SpA v International Factors Italia SpA (Ifitalia), Dornier Luftfahrt GmbH and Ministero della Difesa [1999] ECR I-3735, paragraph 39; Case 200/97 Ecotrade Srl v Altiforni e Ferriere di Servola SpA (AFS) [1998] ECR I-7907, paragraph 40.

(49)  The relevant statistics have been issued by ‘Statistisk Sentralbyrå’ and are entitled ‘Samhandelen med land og landområder. Januar. 2005 og 2006.’ (Table 3). The statistics are available at:

http://www.ssb.no/emner/09/05/muh/tab-2006-02-15-03.html

(50)  The Authority's Decision No 110/98/COL of 28 April 1998 on the map of assisted areas (Norway).

(51)  Commission Regulation (EC) No 70/2001 of 12 January 2001 on the application of Articles 87 and 88 of the EC Treaty to State aid to small and medium-sized enterprises (OJ L 10, 13.1.2001, p. 33), as amended by Commission Regulation (EC) No 364/2004 of 25 February 2004 (OJ L 63, 28.2.2004, p. 22). Both Regulations have been incorporated into Section 1(f) in Annex XV to the EEA Agreement by Joint Committee Decision No 88/2002 (OJ L 266, 3.10.2002, p. 56 and EEA Suppl. No 49, 3.10.2002, p. 42) and Joint Committee Decision No 131/2004 (OJ L 64, 10.3.2005, p. 67 and EEA Supplement No 12, 10.3.2005, p. 49).

(52)  18 % and 5,04 % (corresponding to 28 % of 18 %) is in total 23,04 %. For SMEs 20 % and 5.6 % (corresponding to 28 % of 20 %) is in total 25,6 %.

(53)  Community framework for State aid for research and development (OJ C 45, 17.2.1996, p. 5) as amended.

(54)  The EU's research Framework Programme is the EU's main instrument for research funding in Europe. In Part B.II.22.3 of Annex II to the general model contract used for purposes of granting support under Framework Programme 6, it appears that ‘Physical persons may not charge any labour cost in relation to their personal involvement in the project.’ and in Part B.II.19.1(a) it appears that eligible costs ‘must be actual, economic and necessary for the implementation for the project.’

(55)  E.g., the Framework Programme 6.

(56)  Article 2 of the de minimis Regulation, see reference in footnote 8.

----

----

Uitnodiging overeenkomstig artikel 1, lid 2, van deel I van Protocol 3 bij de Overeenkomst betreffende de oprichting van een Toezichthoudende Autoriteit en een Hof van Justitie opmerkingen te maken betreffende staatssteun voor de Noorse Onderzoeksraad in verband met het computerprogramma Turborouter.

(2006/C 258/13)

De Toezichthoudende Autoriteit van de EVA heeft bij Besluit 60/06/COL van 8 maart 2006, dat na deze samenvatting in de authentieke taal is weergegeven, de procedure ingeleid van artikel 1, lid 2, van deel I van Protocol 3 bij de Overeenkomst tussen de EVA-Staten betreffende de oprichting van een Toezichthoudende Autoriteit en een Hof van Justitie (Toezichtovereenkomst). De Noorse autoriteiten zijn hiervan in kennis gesteld door middel van een afschrift van het betrokken besluit.

De Toezichthoudende Autoriteit van de EVA verzoekt hierbij de EVA-Staten, de lidstaten van de EU en andere betrokken partijen hun opmerkingen over de betrokken maatregel binnen een maand na publicatie van deze bekendmaking in te dienen bij de:

Deze opmerkingen zullen ter kennis van de Noorse autoriteiten worden gebracht. Een belanghebbende die opmerkingen maakt, kan, met opgave van redenen, schriftelijk verzoeken om vertrouwelijke behandeling van zijn identiteit.

SAMENVATTING

Bij brief van 5 maart 2002 (doc. nr. 02-1733-A) heeft de Autoriteit een klacht ontvangen dat Noorwegen via de Noorse Onderzoeksraad (Norges forskningsråd), hierna „de Onderzoeksraad”genoemd, staatssteun zou hebben verleend ten behoeve van een aantal onderzoeksprojecten in verband met de ontwikkeling van het computerprogramma Turborouter.

De Autoriteit heeft op 8 maart 2006, na uitvoerige briefwisseling met de Noorse autoriteiten en de indiener van de klacht, besloten de formele onderzoeksprocedure ten aanzien van de in de klacht genoemde projecten te openen.

De Onderzoeksraad had in het kader van de steunregeling Programma Industriële O&O steun verleend aan vier projecten die verband hielden met de ontwikkeling van Turborouter. De Autoriteit had dit programma samen met andere steunregelingen beoordeeld en in december Besluit 217/94/COL aangenomen, waarin Noorwegen voorstellen voor passende maatregelen werden gedaan. Die passende maatregelen werden door de Noorse autoriteiten aanvaard. De steunverlening in het kader van deze regeling diende daarna dan ook te geschieden overeenkomstig de richtsnoeren inzake staatssteun ten behoeve van onderzoek en ontwikkeling, die de Autoriteit in 1994 heeft aangenomen.

Gezien de informatie waarover de Autoriteit beschikt, twijfelt zij eraan of de steunverlening aan de betrokken onderzoeksprojecten in overeenstemming is geweest met deze richtsnoeren inzake staatssteun ten behoeve van onderzoek en ontwikkeling. Het is de vraag of de projecten correct zijn ingedeeld. Dit betreft met name de drie projecten die als preconcurrerende onderzoeksprojecten worden beschouwd; deze zouden te dicht bij de markt kunnen staan om voor steun in aanmerking te komen.

De Autoriteit heeft ook twijfels bij de financiering van het project. Het is onduidelijk of de bedrijven die in het project participeren ook werkelijk hebben bijgedragen aan de onderzoekskosten van het project, en of de reguliere huishoudelijke uitgaven als onderdeel van de onderzoeksprojecten werden beschouwd. Indien dit geval blijkt, zal de intensiteit van de steun moeten worden herzien.

De Autoriteit vraagt zich in dit verband af of de begunstigden de door de Onderzoeksraad verleende steun oneigenlijk hebben gebruikt.

Indien mocht blijken dat de steunverlening aan de betrokken projecten niet onder de regeling Programma Industriële O&O valt, zal ieder project afzonderlijk moeten worden beoordeeld aan de hand van de O&O-richtsnoeren zoals die van toepassing waren op het tijdstip dat de steun werd verleend, dan wel rechtstreeks aan de hand van de regels van de EER-overeenkomst.

----

EFTA SURVEILLANCE AUTHORITY DECISION

No 60/06/COL

of 8 March 2006

on R&D aid granted by the Research Council of Norway in connection with the development of the software programme Turborouter

(NORWAY)

THE EFTA SURVEILLANCE AUTHORITY (1),

Having regard to the Agreement on the European Economic Area (2), in particular to Articles 61 to 63 and Protocol 26 thereof,

Having regard to the Agreement between the EFTA States on the Establishment of a Surveillance Authority and a Court of Justice (3), in particular to Article 24 thereof,

Having regard to Article 1(2) and (3) in Part I and Articles 1, 4, 6, 10, 13, 14, 16 and 20 in Part II of Protocol 3 to the Surveillance and Court Agreement (4),

Having regard to the Authority's Guidelines (5) on the application and interpretation of Articles 61 and 62 of the EEA Agreement, and in particular Chapter 14 thereof, ‘Aid for Research and Development’,

Having regard to the Authority's Decision of 14 July 2004 on the implementing provisions referred to under Article 27 in Part II of Protocol 3 (6),

Having regard to the Authority's Decision No 217/94/COL of 1 December 1994 to propose appropriate measures to Norway on, amongst others, the aid scheme Industrial R&D Programmes,

Having regard to Norway's acceptance of the proposed appropriate measures by letter dated 19 December 1994,

Whereas:

I.   FACTS

1.   Procedure

By letter dated 5 March 2002 (Doc. No 02-1733-A), the Authority received a complaint alleging that state aid had been granted by Norway through the Research Council of Norway (hereinafter: ‘the RCN’) to various research projects in connection with the development of the software programme Turborouter.

The Authority requested information from the Norwegian authorities by letter dated 26 April 2002 (Doc. No 02-2605-D). The Ministry of Trade and Industry replied by letter dated 3 June 2002 (Doc. No 02-4177-A), which included RCN's comments on the so-called Turborouter project.

In October 2002, a meeting between representatives from the Authority and the Norwegian authorities took place in Oslo in order to clarify some technical aspects.

On 28 February 2003, the Authority requested further clarification and documentation on certain aspects raised during the above-mentioned meeting (Doc. No 03-1159-D). The required information was supplied by the Norwegian authorities by letter dated 11 April 2003 (Doc. No 03-2338 A) and completed by letter of 20 June 2003 (Doc. No 03-4083-A).

Representatives of the Authority and the Norwegian authorities discussed the case at a meeting in the framework of the package meeting which took place in Oslo on 23 September 2004. Some of the issues raised during this meeting were later addressed by the Authority in a letter dated 11 November 2004 (Event No 294194). The Norwegian authorities answered by letter of 31 January 2005 (Event No 307137).

The Authority lastly requested information in a letter dated 7 July 2005 (Event No 323594). The Authority furthermore stated that should the response from the Norwegian authorities not dispel the remaining doubts of the Authority, the formal investigation procedure would have to be opened with respect to the granting of R&D aid in connection with the development of the software programme Turborouter.

The Norwegian authorities replied in a letter dated 22 August 2005 (Event No 331615).

The complainant contacted the Authority on various occasions during the preliminary investigation and submitted additional information.

2.   The complaint

In March 2002, the Authority received a complaint alleging that the RCN had granted R&D aid to ‘projects in the maritime sector that violate the EEA rules. The projects that have received state aid are commercial software programs that are marketed and sold in the international markets. We refer specifically to the software program called TURBOROUTER’.

According to the complainant, the Turborouter programme is distorting the competition with other European or international companies which develop software programmes for the maritime industry. The complainant, who has software products in the same sector, has stated to have invested important sums of money in developing mathematical algorithms, which seem to be similar to the ones used in Turborouter.

The complaint concerns not only the projects that led to the development of a commercial software programme called Turborouter but also its development in several sub-projects. Although the complainant identified Project 136171 Algopt and Project 144214 Optimisation routines, it explicitly stated that the complaint is not limited to these projects but concerns ‘all of these projects that have been targeting the development of a commercial software program called Turborouter’.

The complainant mainly argued that (1) the projects that received aid were too close to the market to be eligible for R&D aid and had been marketed for sale to third companies in Norway and abroad; (2) the research results had not been disseminated but the research institute Marintek, which developed the software programme Turborouter, had received the property rights to sell the programme; (3) the maximum aid intensities had not been respected due to the fact that the own capital contribution from the concerned companies was in reality lower than stated in the application form. The complainant brought forward the following arguments to support the complaint:

3.   The four projects related to the software programme Turborouter supported with RCN funds

a)   Description of the projects

1)   Project 40049 — Strategic activities within maritime transport and logistics (The first version of the software programme Turborouter)

Together with the Centre for International Economy and Shipping (SIØS), which is an integral part of the Norwegian School of Economics and Business Administration, Marintek applied to the RCN for support for the project ‘Strategic activities within maritime transport and logistics’ under the ‘Strategic Institute Programme’ (SIP) in 1995. SIP was a programme for long term research, characterised by a large proportion of fundamental research, but strategic in its orientation to serve future needs of industry. Under SIP, research projects could receive public financing up to 100 %.

According to the information provided by the Norwegian authorities, due to limited funds available under this programme, the RCN re-classified the project as a ‘three-year strategic competence development project’ under the sub-programme ‘Short Sea Shipping’ (1995-1998) within the Industrial R&D Programme. The whole project was re-classified as industrial research although some activities constituted fundamental research.

Project 40049 ‘Strategic activities within maritime transport and logistics’ was broad in concept and covered several sub-projects. The first version of the pilot software Turborouter was developed in the first year of research of one of the sub-projects called ‘Methods and analytical tools for design and operation of integrated transport and logistics chains’.

Nowadays, Turborouter is a tool (7) for optimising vessel fleet scheduling, i.e. to decide which vessels to assign different cargoes to. The design philosophy has been to combine the knowledge and experience of the planners with the calculating capabilities of the computer. Optimisation software implemented on a computer can calculate millions of alternatives in only a few seconds but tend to have restricted ability to handle all practical constraints that occur in real life. Turborouter is based on electronic sea charts where scheduling information can be displayed. Other key elements of Turborouter include a database for vessels, ports, cargoes, etc; automatic calculation of port-to-port distances; vessel position reports and automatic update of estimated time of arrival; sophisticated optimisation routines for fleet scheduling; schedule visualisation or schedule calculator for manual planning.

According to the information provided by the Norwegian authorities, out of the total NOK 10,5 million budget for Project 40049, the RCN contributed NOK 4,6 million, the Norwegian Ship-owners' Association (NSA) NOK 1,4 million and Marintek NOK 4,5 million.

The table below recapitulates the costs of the project and its financing of the project in NOK (8):

According to the information provided by the Norwegian authorities, the project costs for the sub-project ‘Methods and analytical tools for design and operation of integrated transport and logistics chains’ amounted to NOK 5,1 million. The state support for it amounted to NOK 2,24 million.

According to the information provided by the Norwegian authorities, the RCN selected several projects related to the development of the software package Turborouter for R&D support. According to the RCN, even though they had elements of industrial research, these projects were classified as ‘pre-competitive development activity’. The RCN considered that the results from each of these projects were company specific prototype demonstrators which would need considerable further in-house development to become day-to-day tools in the companies' operations.

2)   Project 138811 — AlgOpt

The aim of this project (9) was to develop and carry out practical tests of algorithms to calculate the optimal utilisation of a fleet of ships, given the obligations to load cargoes for several customers, the requirements as to when cargoes must be loaded and discharged in the destination port, the possibility of carrying joint cargoes of a limited number of bulk goods on each voyage as well as limitations that mean that not all the vessels involved are suitable for serving all customers or all ports.

The overreaching objective of AlgOpt was that the algorithms should be integrated into a software concept that would offer users full control and the possibility of overriding the suggestions made by the algorithms. The software should help decision-makers to combine their own experience with the ability of the numerical processes to test a number of possibilities rapidly and in a manner that offers the best possible basis for making decisions.

The principal activities of the Project AlgOpt were the definition of user dialogues and criteria for good capacity utilisation; the development of algorithms for working out optimal voyage combinations; the testing of algorithms and the follow-up and documentation of benefits.

According to the information submitted by the Norwegian authorities, the Project AlgOpt was only a pre-study defining the user requirements and investigation of the feasibility of using Turborouter for the contract partner, the company Beltship Management AS. Total costs amounted to NOK 925 000. The project was classified as pre-competitive research. The financing was split between the RCN (NOK 300 000) and private funds from participating companies (NOK 625 000). The table below recapitulates the costs of the project as well as its financing (10):

3)   Project 144265 — Shiplog II

The Shiplog project mainly dealt with transport at sea. This project (11) should use the results of a previous project called Shiplog (which did not involve the use of Turborouter) to focus on the requirements for door-to-door delivery of goods, when transport at sea is a key element. The objectives of the project were:

The project should utilise the results obtained in other projects such as Intermodal Portal, Themis, D2D, INTRA, INFRATRANS, TRANSDATA or INFOLOG.

The activities of the project included:

According to the information provided by the Norwegian authorities, this project failed to achieve its objective because TCMS and Turborouter could not be satisfactorily integrated.

The RCN classified this project as pre-competitive development and awarded it state aid for an amount of NOK 2,15 million out of the NOK 6,2 million of the total project costs. The project received funds from the NSA for an amount of NOK 750 000 which were channelled through the RCN. The remainder was financed by the contract partner of this project, the company United European Car Carriers AS (UECC), and other participating companies. The table below recapitulates both the costs and the financing of the project (13):

4)   Project 144214 — Library of optimisation routines for scheduling in shipping

The pre-competitive research project ‘Library of optimisation routines for scheduling in shipping’ aimed at developing algorithms for advanced optimisation and scheduling of very complex shipping operations. The Norwegian authorities have explained that the library of algorithms is very trade and company specific and must thus be company-owned and not part of the standard Turborouter ‘tool kit’. Nevertheless, it may give rise to development of additional Turborouter functionalities demanded by the applications development.

The overall project costs amounted to NOK 7 million, of which NOK 1,5 million were covered by the RCN, NOK 805 000 by the NSA and the remaining amount of NOK 4,7 million by private funds. The company Beltship Management AS was the contract partner of this project.

The table below recapitulates the costs and the financing of the project (14):

b)   The beneficiaries

The projects addressed in the current Decision have been developed in cooperation between the research institute Marintek and several private companies. Two of the private companies were the contract partners of the concerned projects and are therefore addressed in the following. In this context the other companies involved in the said projects could also be considered as potential beneficiaries for the purposes of this Decision.

1)   Marintek

Marintek is a research institution, 56 % owned by the SINTEF group, a private research foundation, 26 % by the Norwegian Shipowners' Association, 9 % by Det Norske Veritas, an independent foundation, and the rest by several shareholders in the maritime community.

Marintek delivers marine technology research and development services. Together with the Department of Marine Technology at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), it constitutes the Marine Technology Centre in Trondheim. The Norwegian Marine Technology Research Institute does research, development and technical consulting in the maritime sector for industry and the public sector. The Institute develops and verifies technological solutions for the shipping and maritime equipment industries and for offshore petroleum production. Marintek's business areas include shipping, shipbuilding, offshore marine industry and marine industry (15).

According to the information provided by the Norwegian authorities, Marintek has developed several software packages. Most of them are only for ‘internal use’ but others are made available as commercial products through marketing alliances.

2)   United European Car Carriers (UECC)

UECC (16) is a provider of logistics and sea transportation services for the vehicle manufacturing industry in Europe with an extensive route network to transport all sorts of rolling cargo to most destinations in Europe.

According to current figures, UECC is a short sea operator which transports approximately 1,8 million new vehicles a year on behalf of the global automotive industry. As a major logistics provider, UECC is able to offer total management solutions, which encompass the full transport chain, from the manufacturing plant through to the final retail destination. In addition to a fleet of over 20 specially-designed vessels, UECC also operate the own vehicle handling centres and provide full tracking information at unit level using the latest IT-systems.

UECC is owned in equal shares by Nippon Yusen Kabushiki Kaisha (NYK) of Tokyo, one of the world's largest shipping companies, and by Wallenius Lines of Stockholm, a Swedish shipping enterprise.

3)   Beltship Management AS

Beltship Management is a company which operates a highly specialised fleet of so-called self-unloading bulk carriers. Beltship Management was established in 1997 as a 50/50 partnership between Jebsens Shipping Company and Heidelberger Zement Group of Germany. The company is located in Bergen, Norway. Beltships has 9 vessels at their disposal, mainly with independently operated belt self-unloaders. Most of the vessels operate in the North Sea basin and in the Mediterranean. Beltship Management has been involved in the development of TurboRouter since 1999, and has used the tool for optimizing fleet scheduling in the North Sea basin since then (17).

4.   Description of the relationship between the four grants of aid and the Norwegian aid scheme for industrial R&D programmes

According to the information provided by the Norwegian authorities, the four grants of aid covered by the present Decision received aid within the framework of the aid scheme ‘Industrial R&D Programmes’ (brukerstyrte forskningsprogrammer).

a)   The aid scheme Industrial R&D Programmes

Prior to the entry into force of the EEA Agreement, the Norwegian authorities established an aid scheme called ‘Industrial R&D Programmes’ (brukerstyrte forskningsprogrammer) which was administered by the RCN. According to the information provided by the Norwegian authorities, this scheme covered awards of aid in the form of direct grants to research programmes of 3-5 years duration, either thematic or sector-oriented, implemented through a variable number of projects.

In December 1994, the Authority adopted a Decision on several aid schemes for research and development existing in Norway prior to the entry into force of the EEA Agreement, amongst others, the aid scheme Industrial R&D Programme (brukerstyrte forskningsprogrammer, case no 93-183). In this Decision, the Authority proposed appropriate measures to bring the scheme in line with the state aid rules of the EEA Agreement (18). In this Decision, the Authority noted that:

‘Clear guidelines or specific provisions of a binding nature have not been developed for the scheme. Awards of aid are granted at the discretion of the responsible authorities within the framework of the Research Council's society rules.’

In order to bring the scheme in line with the state aid rules, the Authority proposed to Norway, in particular, the introduction of detailed provisions which would ensure that awards of aid were granted in accordance with the principles laid down in Chapter 14 of the State Aid Guidelines.

The Decision reads as follows:

Norway accepted the appropriate measures proposed by the Authority by letter dated 19 December 1994. The acceptance of appropriate measures implied that the award of aid under the Industrial R&D Programme would be done in accordance with the provisions of the Authority's R&D Guidelines as they were drafted in 1994. Following the wording of the Authority's Decision No 217/94/COL, this is in particular the case when it concerns the definition of the different types of R&D activities, the aid intensities and the eligible costs.

In the framework of the current preliminary investigation, the Norwegian authorities have stated that, as a follow-up of the acceptance of the appropriate measures, the RCN developed provisions to ensure that aid was awarded in compliance with Chapter 14 of the State Aid Guidelines on R&D aid. This set of rules is called DOKSY, ‘Aid intensities in accordance with EEA rules’. According to the information provided by the Norwegian authorities, Doksy is a set of provisions adopted by the RCN which correspond mainly to the R&D Guidelines of the Authority. It serves as the basis guidelines for the granting of R&D aid by the RCN.

It is regrettable that the Norwegian authorities did not provide the amended version of the scheme Industrial R&D Programmes to the Authority for its review (19). Notwithstanding this, it is the understanding of the Authority that the Norwegian authorities amended the set of rules called Doksy in accordance with the amendments of Chapter 14 of the Authority's State Aid Guidelines.

b)   The Research Council of Norway

The aid granted to the undertakings for the four projects was granted by the RCN, which is the responsible body in charge of the aid scheme Industrial R&D Programmes.

According to its own statement (20), the RCN is a national strategic body and funding agency for research and innovation activities. The RCN covers all fields of research and innovation and works together with research institutions as well as the private and public sectors to reach the national financial goals and quality targets set in this area.

The RCN plays a vital role in developing and implementing the country's national research strategy. It acts as:

II.   APPRECIATION

1.   Introduction: the applicable legal framework

According to the information submitted by the Norwegian authorities, the four projects which are assessed in this Decision were granted R&D aid in the framework of the Industrial R&D Programme (brukerstyrte forskningsprogrammer, case no 93-183). As mentioned above, the Industrial R&D Programme was already in place before 1994. Following the entry into force of the EEA Agreement in Norway, the Authority assessed the Industrial R&D Programme together with other existing aid schemes and adopted Decision No 217/94/COL in December 1994. In this Decision, the Authority proposed appropriate measures with respect to the Industrial R&D Programme to mainly require that awards of aid would be granted in accordance with the principles laid down in Chapter 14 of the State Aid Guidelines.

The Norwegian authorities accepted the proposed appropriate measures. Thus, thereafter, any grant of aid under the Industrial R&D Programme had to be done in accordance with the R&D rules applicable when the Authority adopted Decision No 217/94/COL.

The R&D rules applicable when the Authority adopted Decision No 217/94/COL were Chapter 14 of the State Aid Guidelines as adopted in 1994 (hereinafter referred to as the R&D Guidelines of 1994 (21)).

Hence, by definition, any aid granted under the scheme Industrial R&D Programmes which does not comply with the provisions of the version of the R&D Guidelines applicable in 1994, when the Authority proposed the appropriate measures which Norway accepted, falls outside the scope of application of the scheme. Accordingly, such a measure would constitute new individual aid and would as such need to be notified to the Authority individually.

In this context it is important to note that the present decision only concerns the application of the scheme Industrial R&D Programmes to the four concrete projects identified as relating to the development of the software programme Turborouter on which a complaint was lodged in 2002.

Should the granting of aid to the four questioned projects not be covered by the scheme Industrial R&D Programmes as explained above, each of the projects would need to be assessed individually. In this assessment, the Authority would have to determine whether state aid was granted in each of the projects and whether this aid could have been considered compatible aid on the basis of the provisions of the R&D Guidelines applicable at the time where the grants were given or directly on the basis of the rules of the EEA Agreement.

As far as Project 40049 ‘Strategic activities within maritime transport and logistics’, which led to the development of the first software programme Turborouter, is concerned, the aid was granted by a decision of the RCN of December 1995. The applicable rules governing the granting of R&D aid were Chapter 14 of the Authority's State Aid Guidelines as originally adopted in Decision No 4/94/COL. In other words, the provisions of the scheme Industrial R&D Programmes as amended following the appropriate measures of the Authority should correspond to the provisions of the generally applicable R&D Guidelines in 1995, when aid was granted to Project 40049. Thus, should the granting of aid to this project not have been done in compliance with these rules, the aid will have to be considered incompatible aid, unless its compatibility can be established on the basis of the state aid provisions in Article 61(3) (a), (b) or (c) of the EEA Agreement directly.

As far as the other three projects assessed in this Decision are concerned, they received aid on the basis of decisions taken by the RCN in 2000. Prior to that date, the Authority had amended Chapter 14 of the Guidelines with Decision No 53/96/COL adopted on 15.5.1996 to incorporate the amended Community Framework for state aid for research and development (22). Thus, an individual assessment of the granting of aid to Projects 138811 ‘AlgOpt’, 144265 ‘Shiplog II’ and 144214 ‘Library of optimisation routines for scheduling in shipping’ as individual aid should be done in accordance with the provisions of the version of Chapter 14 of the Guidelines existing since May 1996 or directly on the basis of the state aid rules in Article 61(3) (a), (b) or (c) of the EEA Agreement.

2.   State aid assessment of the projects

Article 61(1) of the EEA Agreement states that:

‘Save as otherwise provided in this Agreement, any aid granted by EC Member States, EFTA States or through state resources in any form whatsoever which distorts or threatens to distort competition by favouring certain undertakings or the production of certain goods shall, in so far as it affects trade between Contracting Parties, be incompatible with the functioning of this Agreement’.

Thus, in order for a measure to be considered state aid, it must constitute a selective advantage in favour of certain undertakings, be granted through state resources, distort competition and affect trade between the Contracting Parties to the EEA Agreement.

Firstly, the measure must confer on certain undertakings an advantage that reduces the costs they normally bear in the course of business and relieves them of charges that are normally borne from their budgets. By paying grants to support certain R&D projects, the RCN confers an economic advantage only on the promoters of the selected R&D projects.

Secondly, the advantage must be granted by the State or through state resources. The RCN develops and implements the country's national research strategy and specially acts as a funding agency for research. In particular, for the development of the Maritime research programme, the RCN managed funds received from the Ministries of Trade and Industry and of Finance. Thus, the public funds channelled through the RCN and which were obtained from the above-mentioned ministries constitute state resources within the meaning of Article 61(1) of the EEA Agreement.

Thirdly, the measure must distort competition. Since there are other Norwegian undertakings which compete with the promoters of the selected R&D projects that may not receive support from the RCN to carry out their R&D projects, the granting of aid has the effect of distorting competition.

Moreover, the beneficiaries of the financing are active in sectors open to competition within the EEA. Therefore, the funds granted by the RCN for the development of R&D projects affect trade between the Contracting Parties to the EEA Agreement.

For these reasons, the grants given by the RCN to the projects related to the development of the software programme Turborouter constitute state aid within the meaning of Article 61(1) of the EEA Agreement.

Whether the four projects fall within the existing aid scheme will be assessed under a).

Under b), the Authority will assess whether the aid grants, if outside the existing aid scheme, nevertheless are in compliance with the state aid rules.

a)   Assessment of the projects on the basis of the aid scheme Industrial R&D Programmes

The RCN granted financing to the above-mentioned projects in the framework of the aid scheme Industrial R&D Programmes, which the Authority classified as state aid within the meaning of Article 61(1) of the EEA Agreement in its Decision No 217/94/COL of 1 December 1994.

As mentioned above, the Norwegian authorities accepted the appropriate measures proposed by the Authority to bring the aid scheme Industrial R&D Programmes in line with the rules of the EEA Agreement in a letter dated 19 December 1994. They accordingly committed to amend the aid scheme Industrial R&D Programmes in accordance with the R&D Guidelines of 1994.

In the following, the Authority will assess whether the granting of aid to the four projects in question falls within the provisions of the scheme Industrial R&D Programmes as amended in accordance with R&D Guidelines of 1994.

As a preliminary remark, the Authority would like to point out that, in general terms, according to the information available to the Authority at this stage, the RCN does not seem to control how the own contributions of the beneficiaries are distributed to various activities and whether they are effectively disbursed. This type of control seems crucial in the determination of whether the beneficiaries receive aid in the amount they are entitled to or whether, on the contrary, they are misusing the RCN's research grants.

1)   The development of the first version of the software programme Turborouter

On the basis of the information provided by the Norwegian authorities, the RCN classified Project 40049 Strategic activities within maritime transport and logistics as industrial research. According to Point 14.1.(2) of the R&D Guidelines of 1994, basic industrial research is defined as ‘original theoretical or experimental work whose objective is to achieve new or better understanding of the laws of science and engineering as they might apply to an industrial sector or the activities of a particular enterprise.’

Although, according to the information submitted by the RCN, the project consisted of activities which were classified as fundamental research as well as other activities which were classified as industrial research, the project as a whole was considered as industrial research.

The development of the first software programme Turborouter, a tool useful for companies to optimise vessel fleet scheduling, was developed as the result of one of the sub-projects covered by Project 40049. Further, the project was exclusively carried out by the research institute Marintek.

Although Turborouter has become a software tool which seems to be appreciated on the market, the RCN funds allocated to Project 40049 devoted to the sub-project ‘Methods and analytical tools for design and operation of integrated transport and logistics chains’ only led to the development of the first software programme Turborouter, in the application of industrial research. Obviously since the first software was developed in the first phase of the sub-project back in early 1996, the software has been further improved and also marketed. However, it seems that the granting of aid to project 40049 which resulted, amongst others, in the development of the first software Turborouter, cannot by this fact be considered in relation to market proximity to be beyond the stage of industrial research as it was classified by the RCN.

As industrial research, Project 40049 was granted aid from the RCN for an amount corresponding to 43,8 % of the costs of the project. This intensity is below the maximum aid intensity allowed by the Guidelines which read ‘the level of aid for basic industrial research should not be more than 50 % of the gross costs of the project or programme.’

For the purpose of calculating the intensity of aid from R&D activities, Section 14.5.1 of R&D Guidelines of 1994 foresaw the following eligible costs:

It seems that the costs of the projects, as they were taken into account in the determination of the granting of aid, are a priori covered by the definition of eligible costs provided in the R&D Guidelines of 1994.

Therefore, it appears that the RCN had classified Project 40049 as basic industrial research in accordance with the provisions of the R&D Guidelines of 1994.

It is the preliminary opinion of the Authority that the granting of aid to Project 40049 falls within the scheme Industrial R&D Programme as amended on the basis of Chapter 14 of the Authority's R&D Guidelines of 1994. This preliminary opinion is however without prejudice to the Authority's final conclusion.

The complainant has further claimed that the research results had not been disseminated but the research institute Marintek, which developed the software programme Turborouter, had received the property rights to sell the programme.

The Authority would like to point out that under the R&D Guidelines of 1994, and accordingly under the provisions of the aid scheme Industrial R&D Programmes, there was no written obligation to disseminate the results of research as is the case for fundamental research under the currently applicable R&D Guidelines.

2)   The projects relating to the further use of the software programme Turborouter

In 2000, the RCN authorised the granting of R&D aid to three R&D projects which concerned the use and further development of the software programme Turborouter: Project 138811 ‘AlgOpt’, Project 144265 ‘Shiplog II’ and Project 144214 ‘Library of optimisation routines for scheduling in shipping’.

The Norwegian authorities have however indicated that there were other projects which involved the use and further development of the software programme Turborouter which did not receive any support from the RCN (23).

The RCN classified all three projects as pre-competitive research.

The complainant has claimed that these projects were far beyond pre-competitive development activities. In his opinion, the so-called Turborouter projects were aimed at developing software programmes developed in close co-operation with a limited number of users while in parallel being marketed towards other maritime companies in need of such programmes.

What in later versions of the R&D Guidelines has been named pre-competitive research largely corresponds to the definition of applied research and development within the meaning of the R&D Guidelines of 1994.

Point 14.1.(2) of the R&D Guidelines of 1994 distinguished between three categories of research: fundamental, basic industrial and applied research and development. According to this provision, applied research ‘covers investigation or experimental work based on the results of basic industrial research to acquire new knowledge to facilitate the attainment of specific practical objectives such as the creation of new products, production processes or services. It could normally be said to end with the creation of a first prototype.’ Development is considered to cover ‘work based on applied research aimed at establishing new or substantially improved products, production processes or services up to but not including industrial application and commercial exploitation.’

On the basis of the information available to it at this stage of the procedure, the Authority is not in the position of ascertaining whether these projects were correctly classified as applied or pre-competitive research as will be shown below. In the following, the Authority will use the term ‘pre-competitive research’ when referring to applied research and pre-competitive research.

The complainant also claimed that the maximum aid intensities had not been respected due to the fact that the own capital contributions from the concerned companies were in reality lower than stated in the application forms.

The Authority will address these allegations below for each of the projects concerned.

a)   Project 138811 — AlgOpt

—   Doubts concerning the classification of the project

The Norwegian authorities explained that the AlgOpt project was a pre-study defining the user requirements and investigation of the feasibility of using Turborouter for Beltship Management, the contract partner of the project. According to the information provided by the Norwegian authorities, this project was considered as a sort of ‘pre-project’ to Project 144214, Library of Optimisation routines for scheduling in shipping, which will be addressed below.

On the basis of the information available at Marintek's website, the aim of the project was to develop and carry out practical tests of algorithms to calculate the optimal utilisation of a fleet of ships.

It is questionable whether this project goes beyond the stage of applied or pre-competitive research to constitute a commercial product. This application has been developed on the basis of the software programme Turborouter incorporating algorithms to calculate the optimal utilisation of Beltship Management's fleet. It is not clear to the Authority what would make the difference between the pre-competitive phase of the product and the final commercial product. The Authority has doubts as to what is the borderline between a prototype and a commercial product in the case at hand. It is not clear from the information provided whether the result of the project financed with aid granted by the RCN was developed further before it could be used in the daily operation of the company.

—   Doubts concerning the financing of the project and the aid intensities

The Authority would like to point out that there is a slight discrepancy between the figures provided by the Norwegian authorities in the written information submitted to the Authority concerning the financing of the AlgOpt project and the information presented in the application forms for grant to the RCN also forwarded by the Norwegian authorities as follows:

The Norwegian authorities are invited to comment on these figures. They are also invited to provide the correct information concerning the amount of money which the Norwegian Shipowners' Association invested in the AlgOpt project which is included in the amount granted through the RCN in the table above. This information is of the essence when it comes to assessing the aid intensity of the project.

Following the arguments of the complainant, there is a doubt as to whether the real research cost of the project corresponded to NOK 380 000 instead of the amount claimed by Beltship Management in its application for a grant from the RCN, i.e. NOK 925 000.

This doubt is substantiated by comparing the figures concerning the costs of the project and its financing. Beltship Management contributes with own means amounting to NOK 625 000 to the financing of the project. According to the information contained in the application form to the RCN, this sum is divided as NOK 80 000 in cash and NOK 545 000 as contribution in kind. The later corresponds exactly to the personnel and indirect costs of the project whereas the cash contribution together with the aid granted by the RCN (NOK 300 000) pays the purchase of R&D which costs NOK 380 000.

It seems that it is Marintek, the research institute that developed the first software programme Turborouter, which had the necessary know-how and technological competence to do the project. Therefore, it appears rational to assume that most of the work would have been carried out by its own staff. This would imply, in principle, that the participation of the staff of Beltship Management, which was the final user of the software, would have most probably been related to the definition of the users needs and/or to some degree of testing.

Although it seems questionable to what extent the staff of the company can carry out activities classified as research activities, the R&D Guidelines of 1994 did not require that staff be employed solely on the research activities for these costs to be eligible for aid.

Notwithstanding this, comparison of the costs of the project shows that the total contribution of Beltship Management's staff to the project which amounted to 545 000 NOK is more important and costly than the development of the R&D which was acquired from Marintek for a total of 380 000 NOK. It seems questionable to what extent the staff of the company has carried out research activities or whether these costs rather concerned normal operational activities of the company. The Authority would appreciate documentary evidence which can substantiate that the hours behind these research costs were actually used in the project.

To the extent that Beltship's contribution in kind may not have corresponded to research costs, the overall costs of the research project would be lower and the aid intensities accordingly higher.

b)   Project 144265 — Shiplog II

—   Doubts concerning the classification of the project

According to the information provided by the Norwegian authorities, the main objective of Shiplog II was to develop a pilot demonstrator of door-to-door logistics management in the shipping of chemicals and cars.

According to Point 14.1.(2) of the R&D Guidelines of 1994, applied research covers investigation or experimental work based on the results of basic industrial research which could normally be said to end with the creation of a first prototype. The Authority has doubts whether the definition of applied research covers cases such as this where the pilot demonstrator or prototype seems to be very close to what the final product would have been. According to the information submitted by the Norwegian authorities, the integration of the Transport Chain Management System (TCMS) and Turborouter, the main objective of this project, failed.

—   Doubts concerning the financing of the project and the aid intensities

A comparison of the figures corresponding to the project costs and its financing shows that the amount granted by the RCN equals the sum necessary to purchase R&D. Further, the contribution of UECC's (own financing), the company in charge of the project, corresponds to the personnel and indirect costs. The rest of the gross costs of the project covers equipment and other operating costs and equals the financing brought by the other companies participating in the project.

The Norwegian authorities have contended in their letter dated 22 August 2005 that ‘in order to promote cooperation [between private companies and public R&D institutions] we may in some calls for proposals for industry-driven projects, state that the application will be evaluated favourably if the external purchases of R&D from research institutes (institutes or universities) are at least as high as the support given by the RCN.’ (24)

The Authority questions whether the figures for the total project costs have been inflated to seemingly obtain more financing. It is questionable whether this approach has led beneficiaries to include part of their normal operating costs in the R&D costs allocated to the research projects financed with support from the RCN.

Should this be the case and should the R&D project in reality only correspond to the purchased R&D, the intensity of the aid granted would have to be revised. It would then be necessary to assess whether the revised aid intensity falls within the parameters of the Industrial R&D Programme.

c)   Project 144214 — Library of optimisation routines for scheduling in shipping

—   Doubts concerning the classification of the project

According to the information provided by the Norwegian authorities, in this specific project the requirements of Beltship Management and another company, Iver Ships, were used as an example to gain some more experience from this kind of scheduling software in shipping organisations. This could have been of great value to Marintek's further development of Turborouter. Even if the requirements of these two companies would not be the same as for other shipping companies, it would be possible to build on some main principles in the used algorithms.

The Authority has difficulties in understanding which are the determining features of this project in classifying it as applied research and not as a commercial project.

During the preliminary investigation, the Norwegian authorities have argued that the result of the activities in any of the projects classified as applied or pre-competitive research cannot be exploited commercially and sold to other users because they are company-specific applications. According to the information provided by the Norwegian authorities, Turborouter will never be an ‘off-the-shelf’ product but will always need, by definition, further adaptations.

The Norwegian authorities acknowledge the difficulty in distinguishing between a commercial and a pre-competitive product where the result of the activity is not a physical product but a new, altered or improved process, service or procedure to be used internally. In their opinion, the activity that has created these results may be classified as a pre-competitive development activity if it is not part of the day-to-day operation of the company and not part of routine or periodic changes or improvements.

The borderline between a pilot project, which could not be used commercially, and a commercial final product seems very diffuse in the case at hand because the software needs to be adapted anew for each new application specific to each final user. The Authority questions to what extent the further development of the software programme Turborouter for use in developing applications which serve concrete needs for the final users can be covered by the definition of applied research. It is not clear to the Authority what would be considered as a commercial product and what would fall under a prototype regarding the concrete application of the software programme Turborouter to the specific needs of a given company.

The Authority doubts whether, due to the specific characteristics of the software programme Turborouter, the development of each new application necessarily goes beyond the stage of pilot project to be a new commercial product or whether, on the contrary, it constitutes applied research.

Furthermore, although the project as such was considered pre-competitive research, the RCN classified certain activities within Project 144214 ‘Library of optimisation routines for scheduling of shipping’ such as map chart status or the writing and publishing of articles as industrial research. The correctness of this classification seems doubtful.

—   Doubts concerning the financing of the project and the aid intensities

As was the case of the previously mentioned projects, the comparison of the figures provided for as the cost and financing of the project raises doubts as to whether the project only concerns research activities or whether it covers part of the operational costs of the company, in this case of Beltship Management and Iver Ships.

From the information provided by the Norwegian authorities, it seems that the object of the project was to allow Marintek to use the two companies as an example to gain some more experience from this kind of scheduling software in shipping organisations. In principle, this would imply that the majority of the research work will be done by Marintek itself. It is the understanding of the Authority that this research done by Marintek is covered by the rubric ‘Purchase of R&D’ in the costs of the project and amounts to NOK 2 900 000. It follows logically that the work of the personnel has an auxiliary function, to provide the researchers with the experiences acquired ‘on the job’ while using the software tool Turborouter. In the understanding of the Authority, this information should serve as a basis for the research of Marintek and should be processed into new algorithms for advanced optimisation and scheduling of shipping operations. It does not seem that the aim of the project was the development of a given prototype or pilot demonstrator. In such a situation, it seems unusual that the costs of personnel and indirect costs are higher than the cost of purchasing R&D.

The Authority welcomes any comment regarding this issue.

3)   The necessity to open the formal investigation procedure

On the basis of the information available at this stage of the procedure, the Authority is not in the position of ascertaining whether these projects were correctly classified as pre-competitive development activities or whether, on the contrary, they were already too close to the market to be eligible for state aid.

Furthermore, the Authority has doubts concerning the financing of the projects, in particular regarding the effective disbursement of the own contributions in kind of the beneficiaries of the projects.

In light of the above, the Authority has doubts both as to whether the above-mentioned projects have received aid in compliance with the R&D Guidelines of 1994 and as to whether the beneficiaries have used the aid in contravention of the accepted appropriate measures on the scheme Industrial R&D Programmes. On the basis of the definition in Article 1(g) in Part II of Protocol 3, aid used by the beneficiary in contravention of a decision taken pursuant to Article 4(3) or Article 7(3) or (4) constitutes misuse of aid. This definition covers, in the Authority's view, individual aid awards within a scheme approved by the Authority by means of appropriate measures.

According to Article 4(4) in Part II of Protocol 3, the Authority shall decide to initiate the formal investigation procedure where, after a preliminary investigation, it finds that doubts are raised as to the compatibility of a measure with the functioning of the EEA Agreement. Furthermore, according to Article 16 in Part II of Protocol 3, the Authority may in cases of misuse of aid open the formal investigation procedure pursuant to Article 4(4) in Part II of Protocol 3.

With regard to the correct classification of the projects and the respective aid intensities, should the Authority find out in the course of this formal investigation that the above-mentioned projects have received aid which was not awarded on the basis of the aid scheme Industrial R&D Programmes, it will consider these projects as individual aid awards which were not notified to the Authority in due time. Any aid which is put into effect in contravention of Article 1(3) in Part I of Protocol 3, i.e. that was not notified and authorised by the Authority prior to being put into effect, is considered unlawful aid by virtue of Article 1(f) in Part II of the same Protocol.

Both in the case of misuse of aid and of the granting of unlawful aid which is incompatible with the state aid rules of the EEA Agreement, the aid will have to be recovered from the beneficiaries.

b)   Assessment of the projects as individual aid grants

1)   Introduction

Should the granting of financial support by the RCN to the projects concerning the development of the software programme Turborouter not be covered by the aid scheme Industrial R&D Programmes, as assessed above, these measures will constitute individual aid and should have been notified in accordance with Article 1(3) in Part I of Protocol 3 and will have to be assessed individually.

2)   Compatibility

At this stage of the procedure, the Authority is not in the position of determining whether the granting of aid to the projects related to the further development of the software programme Turborouter can be considered compatible on the basis of the provisions of the R&D Guidelines as amended by the Authority with Decision No 53/96/COL (25). For this reason, in the following, the Authority will only recall provisions which may seem relevant for a possible assessment of these grants in light of the R&D Guidelines.

On the basis of the provisions of Chapter 14 of the State Aid Guidelines ‘Aid for research and development’, aid granted to firms for R&D may be regarded as compatible with the functioning of the EEA Agreement by virtue of Article 61(3)(c) of the EEA Agreement which provides a derogation for aid that facilitates the development of certain economic activities as long as it does not adversely affect trading conditions to an extent contrary to the common interest.

State aid for R&D should serve as an incentive for firms to undertake research activities in addition to their normal day-to-day operations (26). In order to verify that the planned aid will induce firms to pursue research which they would not otherwise have pursued, the Authority takes particular account of quantifiable factors such as changes in R&D spending or in the number of people assigned to R&D activities, market failures, other additional costs connected with cross-border cooperation and other relevant factors.

When examining the compatibility of an aid for research and development, under the R&D Guidelines, the Authority pays special attention to the type of research carried out, the beneficiaries, the aid intensity or the accessibility to the results. The closer the aid is to the market, the more significant the distortive effect of the state aid may be.

In order to determine the proximity to the market of the aided R&D, the Authority makes a distinction between fundamental research, industrial research and pre-competitive development activity. By pre-competitive development activity is meant (27)‘the shaping of the results of industrial research into a plan, arrangement or design for new, altered or improved products, processes or services, whether they are intended to be sold or used, including the creation of an initial prototype which could not be used commercially. It may include conceptual formulation and design of other products, processes or services and initial demonstration projects or pilot projects, provided that such projects cannot be converted or used for industrial applications or commercial exploitation’. The permissible gross aid intensity for such activities is fixed at 25 % of the eligible costs.

According to Point 14.5.9 of the R&D Guidelines, in cases of R&D activity spanning industrial research and pre-competitive development activities, the permissible aid intensity will not normally exceed the weighted average of the permissible aid intensities applicable to the two types of research.

However, in the event of failure of the research concerned, the Authority, in line with past practice, may allow a higher level of aid intensity since the project's failure reduces the risk of competition and trade being distorted (28).

Under Annex II to Chapter 14, the R&D Guidelines, the Authority revised the concept of eligible costs for the purpose of calculating the aid intensity to cover:

Should the granting of aid to any of these projects not be considered compatible on the basis of the R&D Guidelines of 1996 or on another state aid provision of the EEA Agreement, any illegally granted aid will have to be recovered from the beneficiaries, pursuant to Article 14 of Protocol 3.

3.   Conclusion

In light of the above, the Authority has doubts as to whether all or any of the above-mentioned four projects have received aid in compliance with the R&D State Aid Guidelines.

In particular regarding the projects related to the further development of the software programme Turborouter, on the basis of the information available to it at this stage of the procedure, the Authority is not in the position of ascertaining whether these projects were correctly classified as pre-competitive development activities or whether, on the contrary, they were already too close to the market to be eligible for state aid.

The Authority has doubts regarding the real research costs of the projects. Should the Authority, in the framework of the current investigation, find out that they were lower than alleged in the application for funding to the RCN, the aid intensities will have to be reviewed.

Furthermore, the Authority also has doubts regarding the effective disbursement of all contributions in kind from the beneficiaries.

The two concerns mentioned above with respect to the pre-competitive research projects may lead to the conclusion that aid could have been granted for an amount exceeding 25 % of the real costs of the project. As far as the industrial research project is concerned, this percentage can reach 50 %. Any amount exceeding this figure not covered by the state aid rules on R&D aid might need to be recovered.

The Authority also doubts whether the beneficiaries have used the aid in contravention of the accepted appropriate measures on the scheme Industrial R&D Programmes.

Therefore, in accordance with Articles 4(4), 10 and following and 16 in Part II of Protocol 3, the Authority is obliged to open the formal investigation procedure provided for in Article 1(2) in Part I of Protocol 3. The decision to open proceedings is without prejudice to the final decision of the Authority.

The Norwegian authorities should inform Marintek, Beltship Management, UECC and any other beneficiary of possible state aid by means of a copy of this Decision —

HAS ADOPTED THIS DECISION:

Article 1

The EFTA Surveillance Authority has decided to open the formal investigation procedure pursuant to Article 1(2) in Part I of Protocol 3 to the Surveillance and Court Agreement regarding the R&D aid granted by the Research Council of Norway in connection with the development of the software programme Turborouter.

Article 2

The Norwegian Government is invited, pursuant to Article 6(1) in Part II of Protocol 3 to the Surveillance and Court Agreement to submit its comments on the opening of the formal investigation procedure within one month from the notification of this decision.

Article 3

Other Contracting Parties to the EEA Agreement and interested parties shall be informed by the publishing of a meaningful summary and the full text of this Decision in the EEA Section of the Official Journal of the European Union and the EEA Supplement thereto, inviting them to submit comments within one month from the date of publication of this Decision.

Article 4

The Authority requests the Norwegian authorities to forward a copy of this letter to the recipients of the aid immediately.

Article 5

This Decision is addressed to the Kingdom of Norway.

Article 6

This Decision is authentic in the English language.

Done at Brussels, 8 March 2006.

For the EFTA Surveillance Authority

Bjørn T. GRYDELAND

President

Kurt JAEGER

College Member

----

(1)  Hereinafter referred to as ‘the Authority’.

(2)  Hereinafter referred to as ‘the EEA Agreement’.

(3)  Hereinafter referred to as ‘the Surveillance and Court Agreement’.

(4)  Hereinafter referred to as ‘Protocol 3’.

(5)  Procedural and Substantive Rules in the Field of State Aid, Guidelines on the application and interpretation of Articles 61 and 62 of the EEA Agreement and Article 1 of Protocol 3 to the Surveillance and Court Agreement, adopted and issued by the EFTA Surveillance Authority on 19 January 1994, published in OJ 1994 L 231, EEA Supplements 3.9.94 No 32, last amended on 14 December 2005, hereinafter referred to as ‘the Guidelines’.

(6)  Not yet published in the OJ or the EEA Supplement. Available at:

http://www.eftasurv.int/fieldsofwork/fieldstateaid/legaltexts/ms2decision.DOC. This Decision has been last amended by the Authority's Decision No 329/05/COL of 20.12.2005.

(7)  The following information has been obtained from the brochure TurboRouter Vessel schedule optimizing software, available at the website of Marintek: http://www.marintek.no

(8)  These figures have been obtained from the form submitted to the RCN for the application for a grant.

(9)  Information obtained from Marintek's website: http://www.marintek.no

(10)  These figures have been obtained from the form submitted to the RCN for the application for a grant.

(11)  Information obtained from Marintek's website.

(12)  XML (Extensible Mark-up Language) is a flexible way to create common information formats and share both the format and the data on the World Wide Web, intranets, and elsewhere. XML is a formal recommendation from the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) similar to the language of today's Web pages, the Hypertext Mark-up Language (HTML).

(13)  These figures have been obtained from the form submitted to the RCN for the application for a grant.

(14)  These figures have been obtained from the form submitted to the RCN for the application for a grant.

(15)  Information issued from Marintek's website: http://www.sintef.no/Content/page2____690.aspx.

(16)  Information issued from UECC's website: www.uecc.com.

(17)  Information issued from ‘TurboRouter, Vessel schedule optimizing software’, a publication from Marintek.

(18)  Decision of the EFTA Surveillance Authority No 217/94/COL of 1.12.1994. The schemes covered by this decision were: Industrial R&D Contracts (case 93-147) and Public R&D Contracts (case 93-182) granted by the SND and Industrial R&D Projects (case 93-181) and Industrial R&D Programs (case 93-183) granted by the RCN.

(19)  According to the Decision, ‘The Norwegian authorities must inform the EFTA Surveillance Authority on the adoption of such provisions [the appropriate measures], insofar as these involve state aid, before they are put into effect’.

(20)  Information taken from the website of the RCN at http://www.forskningsradet.no/english/

(21)  In January 1994, the Authority had taken Decision No 4/94/COL on the adoption and issuing of the Procedural and Substantive Rules in the Field of State Aid (Guidelines on the application and interpretation of Articles 61 and 62 of the EEA Agreement and Article 1 of Protocol 3). Chapter 14 thereof deals with Aid for research and development, which mainly corresponded to the Community framework for state aid for research and development. This Decision was published on the Official Journal L 231 of 3.9.1994, pages 1 to 84.

(22)  Published in the OJ C 45 of 17.2.1996, pages 5 to 16.

(23)  See chart ‘Projects involving development of Turborouter’ handed over by the RCN during the meeting with representatives of the Authority held in Oslo in September 2004.

(24)  See page 1 in the letter from the Norwegian authorities dated 22.8.2005.

(25)  Should the granting of R&D aid to Project 40049 fall outside the scheme Industrial R&D Programmes, its compatibility as individual aid can only be established on the basis of the EEA Agreement directly (see page 12 of this Decision).

(26)  See Section 14.7 Incentive effect of R&D aid in Chapter 14 of the State Aid Guidelines, R&D Guidelines, as amended in 1996.

(27)  See Annex I to Chapter 14 of the State Aid Guidelines, R&D Guidelines, as amended in 1996.

(28)  See Section 14.5.6 in Chapter 14 of the State Aid Guidelines, R&D Guidelines, as amended in 1996.

----