USAFA Discovery #2000-01 (Jan-Mar 00)

34th Education Group

Publications:

CHUN, C.K. S. “Thor’s Hammer Strikes:
Program 437.” Quest, Winter 99.

KRUPNICK, C. A. Book review of
Geoffrey Parker, Geopolitics: Past,
Present and Future (London: Pinter,
1998). European Security, Autumn 99.

WATT, C. G. “Pilots of the Former Soviet
Union: Threats, Allies, or Forgotten
Memories?” Aerospace Power Journal,
Spring 2000.

Presentations:

KRUPNICK, C. A. and Carol Atkinson.
“Slovakia and Changing Concepts of
Security in Europe.” International Studies
Association annual conference, Los
Angeles CA, 15-18 Mar, 2000.

WAGGETT, M. L. “Night Vision Goggle
Computer Based Training.” Annual Air
Combat Command Airspace and Ranges
Council, Ft. Walton Beach, FL, 28 Feb 2
Mar 2000.

Department of Aeronautics
Publications:

BOWERSOX, R., K. Tucker, & C.
Whitcomb. "Two-Dimensional
Nonadiabatic Injection into a Supersonic
Freestream." Journal of Propulsion &
Power, Vol 16, #2, Mar 00.

FALK, E., E. Jumper, A. Sekularae, and B.
Haven. "A Conformal Mapping Analysis
of Cascade Trailing-Edge Flows." 38th
AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting and
Exhibit, ATAA-2000-0229, Jan 2000.

GUY, Y., T. McLaughlin, and J. Morrow.
“Effects of Canard Shape on the Center of
Pressure of a Generic Missile
Configuration." 38th AIAA Aerospace
Sciences Meeting and Exhibit, 2000-0264,
Jan 2000.

GUY, Y., J. Morrow, T. McLaughlin, and
I. Wygnanski. "Parametric Investigation of
the Effects of Active Flow Control on the
Normal Force of a Delta Wing." 38th
AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting and
Exhibit, 2000-0549, Jan 2000.

GUY, Y., T. McLaughlin, E. Jones, and S.
Townsend. "Reduction of the Wave Drag
of a Blunt Body by means of a Standoff
Spike."

GUY, Y., J. Morrow, T. McLaughlin, and
I. Wygnanski. "Velocity Measurements on
a Delta Wing with Periodic Blowing and
Suction." 38th AIAA Acrospace Sciences
Meeting and Exhibit, 2000-0550, Jan
2000.

PESEK, T., J. Bertin, J. Forsythe, and S.
Pluntze. "Supersonic Flowfield for a
Slender, Power-Law Elliptic-Section
(PLES) Projectile." 38th AIAA Aerospace
Sciences Meeting and Exhibit, AIAA
Paper 2000-0120, Jan 2000.

WILLIAMS, D., D. Fabris, K. Iwanski,
and J. Morrow. "Closed Loop Control in
Cavities with Unsteady Bleed Forcing."
38th AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting
and Exhibit, AAA Paper 2000-0470, Jan
2000.

Presentations:

BYERLEY, A., H. Newton, and J. Tuite.
"Introducing Gas Turbine Cycle
Optimization with Spreadsheets and Math
Applications Packages." ASEE Rocky
Mountain Regional Conference, Colorado
School of Mines, Golden, CO, Mar 2000.

YECHOUT, T,, E. Melendez, S. Chadsey,
and N. Rutgers, "AC-130H Drag
Reduction Program.” USAFA, CO, Feb
2000.

YECHOUT, T. and J. Dowty. "AC-130H
Drag Reduction Program."
AFSOC/WRALC, Hurlburt Field,
FL/WRALC, GA, Jan 2000.

YECHOUT, T. "X-38 Rudder Control
Effectiveness and Speedbrake Evaluation."
NASA X-38 Aerodynamics Group
Meeting, NASA Johnson, Houston, TX,
Jan 2000.

Department of Behavioral Science

Publications:

BROCKWAY, J.H., & Bryant, F.B.
(2000). “You can't judge a measure by its
label: Teaching the process of
instrumentation.” In M. E, Ware & D. E.
Johnson (Eds.). Handbook of
demonstrations and activities in the
Teaching of Psychology (2nd ed., Vols. 1-
3), 271-274, Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence
Earlbaum Associates, Inc.

BRYANT, F.B., & Brockway, J.H. (2000).
“Hindsight bias in reaction to the verdict in
the O.J. Simpson criminal trial.” In W. A.
Lesko (Ed.), Readings in social
psychology: General, classic, and

contemporary selections (4th ed.), 84-95.
Boston: Allyn & Bacon.

HARDING, L.J., Hamilton, K.A., Jones,
S.K., and Carlson, K.A. (Jun 99) “The
effect of matching decision strategy and
task. A presentation at the American
Psychological Society,” Denver CO.

HARMON, A.T., Brockway, J.H., Jones,
S.K. and Carlson K.A. (Jun 99)
“Measuring student cynicism in a military
academy. American Psychological
Society,” Denver CO.

KMETT, C.M., Arkes, H.R., & Jones, S.K.
(1999). “The influence of two decision
aids on high school students’ satisfaction
with their college choice decision.”

Personality and Social Psychology
Bulletin, 25, 1293-1301.

NEAL-WALDEN, T. A., Thompson, E.
Y., and Case, L. “Sexual Assault
Awareness: Increasing Empathy and
Understanding thru Education. Workshop
presented at the Ninth International
Conference on Sexual Assault and
Harrassment on Campus,” Oct 1999.

NJUS, D. M., and Brockway, J.H. (1999).
“Perceptions of competence and locus of
control for positive and negative
outcomes: Predicting depression and

adjustment to college.” Personality and
Individual Differences, 26, 531-548.

SHILLING, R.D., and Vause, N. (1999).
Tri-service cooperation, a key aspect of
ARL-HRED spatial audio research. Focus
Army Research Laboratory, vol 5, no 5.

SHILLING, R.D. (2000). Spatial Auditory
Displays. “What is essential for Virtual
Reality to meet military performance
goals”, NATO Workshop, The Hague, The
Netherlands, Apr 2000.

Department of Biology
Publications:

BLACK, S. "Review of Best Selling Diet
Books." AFMOA Web Site for Aerospace
Medicine, Mar 2000.

OLSON, K., R. Seabaugh, and et al..
"Development of a Sindbis Virus
Expression System that Efficiently
Expresses Green Fluorescent Protein in
Midguts of Aedes aegypti Following per
Os Infection." Insect Molec. Biol., 9, Mar
2000.

REED, R. & R. Carrier. "Research in
Medicine: Planning a Project-Writing a
Thesis." Feb 2000.



AEA Research Points OF Contact

To learn more about research at the United States Air Force Academy, we encourage you to visit our Web site at www.usafa.af.mil/dfe. If you want to focus on a
particular department or effort you might want to contact the associated Department Research Director. Each phone extension is preceded by (719)-333
commercial or 333 DSN. Each e-mail is followed by @usafa.af.mil

Phone Phone
Office/Department Point Of Contact suffix E-mail prefix Office/Department Point Of Contact suffix _| E-mail prefix
Editor Lt Col Alice Chen 4195 | Alice.chen Foreign Language Lt Col Rich 3201 ‘| Richard.
Sutherland sutherland

Distribution Manager Mr. Steve Luster 2922 _| Steve.luster History Lt Col John Shaw, 4727 _| John.shaw
Managing Editor Mrs. Sanae Jones 8085 _| Sanae.jones Law Capt Jaime Sampayo | 2729 | Jaime.sampayo
Technical Editor Capt Brian Hanley 8485__| Brian.hanley Management Or. James Barker 2315 | Jim.barker
Cadet Summer Rsch Capt Dave Lawyer 3080 Dave.lawyer Mathematical Sciences _|_Dr. Kurt Herzinger 8040 _| Kurt.herzinger |
34" Education Group _|_ Dr. Charles Krupnick 3699__| Charles.krupnick | Philosophy and Fine Arts _| Dr. John Hittinger 8666 | John.hittinger
Aeronautics Dr. Aaron Byerley 3436__| Aaron.byerley Physics Maj Carl Kutsche 3412_| Carl.kutsche
Astronautics Dr. Scott Dahlke 4462 | Scott.dahlke Political Science Dr. Paul Bolt 2219 | Paul.bolt
Behavioral Sciences Dr. Kieth Carlson. 2972 _| Kieth.carlson
Biology Lt Col Tom Unangst 6015 | Tom.unangst © _USAFA Research Centers [
Chemistry Or. John Wilkes 6005 __|_John.wilkes Aeronautics Or. Aaron Byerley 3436 __| Aaron.byerley
Civil Engineering LtCol Jim Pocock 3150__| James.pocock ~“] Aircraft Life Extension Lt Col Jim Greer 3618 | Jim.greer
Computer Science Maj Larry Merkle 7104 Larry.merkle Human-Environmental Lt Col Rick Carrier 6016 | Rick.carrier
Economics and Geog Dr. Jamie Harris 3068 _| Jamie.harris Chemistry Or. John Wilkes 6005 | John.wilkes
Electrical Engineering | Dr. Randy 4211 Randy.musselm } Laser and Optics Dr. Randy Knize 4165 | Randy.knize

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USAFA Discovery #2000-01 (Jan-Mar 00)

Facilitating Language Maintenance Via
Email Distribution continued.

Ten lessons will be created, five
emphasizing listening skills and five emphasizing
reading skills. These lessons will be distributed
via email over the course of two workweeks,
alternating between listening and reading lessons.
Each lesson should take the linguist participant no
longer than 10-15 minutes to complete. (A
sample lesson developed from the template is
available on request). The authentic materials
will be gathered from various sources, including
the excellent Russian program developed by the
University of Arizona, Sierra Vista (UASV) that
was used as the basis of the previous study. DFF
has already acquired approval to use this program
Air Force wide. (A description of this program
and copies of the software are available on
request).

The Air Force Personnel Center maintains a
database of all linguists, regardless of rank, based
on scores from the current Defense Language
Proficiency Test cycle. These linguists include
cryptologists and Foreign Area Officers, as well
as personnel assigned across a broad range of
career fields not related to their foreign language.
The researchers will contact all of the
approximately 900 Russian linguists Air Force-
wide. Since this study focuses on language
maintenance, as opposed to development, the
primary target participants will be linguists at the
2 (listening)/ 2 (reading) skill levels and above.
Although the lessons will be geared toward more
proficient linguists, those with lower skill levels
will be included in the distribution, and any
improvement over their current proficiency levels
will be considered a peripheral benefit.

This study is intended to be. strictly
qualitative in nature, investigating the attitudes of
the recipients of foreign language maintenance
lessons toward those materials and the recipients’
perceptions of the usefulness of those materials.
As such, the researchers will develop a short
survey questionnaire to be distributed and
collected via email. The questionnaire will
include both Likert-scale questions regarding the
linguists’ attitudes and perceptions about the
lessons, as well as a few open-ended response
options for those participants who wish to
provide more detailed feedback.

34'" Education Group
Night Vision Goggle Computer Based Training

Major Michael Waggett, a Military Strategic Studies instructor for
the 34th Education Squadron, has created a self-paced and interactive
web-based introductory course on night vision goggles, called Night
Vision Goggle Computer Based Training (NVG CBT). Drawing on his
field experience and prior research at Air Command and Staff College,
Major Waggett designed and developed the course for use by Air to
Ground Range personnel of the US Air National Guard. It includes
original graphics and user interfaces, sound, video, glossary of terms,
review questions with feedback, and a final test allowing users and
commanders to track results and certify personnel. The NVG CBT can
save funds by eliminating some TDY for training and by reducing the
scheduling time required for personnel to become NVG certified.

Major Waggett presented his research to the Air National Guard
and Air Combat Command during the annual Airspace and Ranges
Conference, held from 28 February - 2 March 2000 at Hurlburt Field,
FL. A decision has already been made to distribute the course to 14 Air
National Guard Air to Ground ranges along with units of ACC, PACAF,
USAFE, USAFR, and USSOC. Plans are being made to offer the NVG
CBT to the US Navy and Army was well.

The course took approximately 800 hours to develop and, based on
industry CBT standards, saved the Air National Guard approximately
$50,000. It is available on the USAFA Network N: drive at
N:/Organizations/34TRW/34EDG/34ES/Night Vision Goggle
Computer Based Training folder. Click on Setup and follow the
instructions. Major Waggett was awarded the 34" Education Group’s
Allen E. Dorn Award for Outstanding Researcher of the Year for his
initiative and research achievement.

Department of Behavioral Science

LCDR Russell Shilling presented a talk on implementing spatialized
sound in. virtual environments (VE) at the NATO Research &
Technology organization meeting "What is essential for virtual reality
systems to meet military human performance goals" organized by the
NATO Human Factors and Medicine Panel. VE experts from the U.S.,
Germany, Netherlands, France, Spain, Denmark, U.K., Sweden and
Georgia met at the TNO Physics Laboratory (FEL) in the Hague from
13-15 April.

Topics included, "Pilot Debriefing," "Mine Clearance," "Skill
Acquisition," "Stinger Missile Training," "Motion Sickness," "HCI in
shared VE," "Haptics," "Tactile Displays," "Ergonomics," "Virtual
Cockpits," "UAV," "Visualization of Geographic Data," "Education," &
"Entertainment".

The group identified areas of interest where research needs to be
conducted. Particularly, there is a need to conduct more psychological
and perceptual research in VE. More data is needed to evaluate how
subjects interact with VE's and the effectiveness of new haptic, auditory,
and visual interfaces. Also discussed was the lack of standardization in
VE development tools, which is detrimental to VE efforts in all
countries.



USAFA Discovery #2000-01 (Jan-Mar 00)

SMITH, L., D. Hale, & I. Greenbaum,
“Systematic implications of chromosomal
data from two insular species of Peromyscus
from the Gulf of California”. Journal of
Heredity 91:162-165.

VANTUINEN, P., A. Mootnick, S.
Kingswood, D. Hale, & A Kumamoto.
“Complex, compound inversion/
translocation polymorphism in an ape:
presumptive inter-mediate stage in the
karyotypic evolution of the agile gibbon
Hylobates agilis”. American Journal of
Physical Anthropology 110:129-142.

WILCOX., M, M. Barad, C. Wilcox, E.
Peebles,& M. Minckler. "Performance of a
new, low-volume, high surface-area aqueous-
shunt in normal rabbit eyes," Journal of
Glaucoma, 9: 74-82, 2000

Presentations:

DEFUSCO, R. “United States Air Force Bird
Avoidance Model (BAM) to the Bird Aircraft
Strike Hazard (BASH) Steering Committee”
meeting in Albuquerque (Kirtland AFB).

WATSON, A. (Cadet), “Analysis of
Monocyte Functionality by Flow Cytometry”
Davis Grant Medical Center, Travis AFB,
CA.

Patents:

WILCOX, M. "Low-Volume, High Surface-

Area Implant for treatment of Ocular Hyper-

tension,” Wright Patterson AFB, Division of.

Intellectual Property, Patent Pending.
Department of Chemistry

Presentations:

RACICOT, R. "Electrochemical Impedance
Spectroscopy Studies of a Double Strand
Polyaniline Coating on Aluminum Alloys in
Acidic Environments." AFOSR Corrosion.
Review, Key West, FL, Jan 2000.

WILKES, J. "Chemistry & Energy." Faculty
Forum, USAFA, CO, February 2000.

WILKES, J. "How To Do the Search in
Research." Dept. of Chemistry, USAFA, CO
Mar 2000.

WILKES, J. "Hydrogen Storage And
Generation By Light Metal Chemical
Hydrides.” Dept Chemistry, Univ. Colo. At
Denver, Denver, CO, Feb 2000.

WILKES, J., R. Schoske, P. Castle, & F.
Cody J. Humphrey. "Polymer Extractions By
Room Temperature Chloroaluminate

Molten Salts." 196th Meeting of the
Electrochemical Society, Honolulu, HI,
Oct, 1999.

WILKES, J. "The Chemistry Research
Center at the US Air Force Academy."
AFRL/SV, Kirtland AFB, NM, Feb 2000.

Department of History
Publications:

ASTORE, B. “Observing God: Thomas
Dick, Evangelicalism, and Popular Science
in Victorian Britain and Antebellum
America.” Accepted for publication by
Ashgate Press.

Presentations:

ASTORE, W. “The Reception Of Thomas
Dick’s Works in British Periodicals.”
Science in the 19th Century Conference,
Leeds, England, Apr 2000.

HEIDLER, J. “The Day of the Radical:
Southern Fire Eaters and The 1860
Charleston Convention.” The Citadel
Conference, Charleston, South Carolina,
Apr 2000.

Department of Management

Publications:

BARKER, J. and K. Domenici. "Mediation
Practices for Knowledge-Based Teams.”
Advances in the Interdisciplinary Study of
Teamwork, 5, Jan 2000.

CHESLEY, J. and J. Sellers. “Space
Operations: Mission Management and
Operations." Understanding Space: An
Introduction to Astronautics, Apr 2000.

DAVIS, K. and C. Strbiak. "Creativity
Evolution or Revolution?" 7th Annual
American Society of Business and
Behavioral Sciences (ASBBS),
Proceedings, Las Vegas, NV, Feb 2000.

HORNYAK, M. and C. Ciccotello.
“Cooperation versus Contract: An Analysis
of Research and Development

Agreements." Journal of Corporate
Finance, 6 (1), Mar 2000.

HORNYAK, M. and E. Holt.
"Management Curriculum Integration:
Small Steps to Bringing it all Together.”
7th Annual American Society of Business
and Behavioral Sciences (ASBBS),
Proceedings, Las Vegas, NV, Feb 2000.

MCKINNEY, E., J. Barker, and K. DAVIS,
“Values, Communication Context, and Quick
Starting Teams.” 7th Annual American
Society of Business and Behavioral Sciences
(ASBBS), Proceedings, Las Vegas, NV, Feb
2000.

Presentations:

BARKER, J. “Core Values: What? How?”
National Association of Purchasing
Managers. Green Bay, WI, Feb 2000.

BARKER, J. “Modeling Entrepreneurial
Teams.” Distinguished Professor Series,
University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Mar
2000.

DAVIS, K. and C. Strbiak. "Creativity--
Evolution or Revolution?" 7th Annual
American Society of Business and
Behavioral Sciences (ASBBS), Las Vegas,
NV, Feb 2000.

GREEN, S. “Thinking Strategically by
Acting Like a Business.” Association of
Jesuit Colleges and Universities, Denver,
CO, Mar 2000.

HORNYAK, M. and E. Holt. "Management
Curriculum Integration: Small Steps to
Bringing it all Together.” 7th Annual
American Society of Business and
Behavioral Sciences (ASBBS), Las Vegas,
NV, Feb 2000.

MCKINNEY, E, J. Barker, and K. DAVIS.
“Values, Communication Context, and Quick
Starting Teams,” 7th Annual American
Society of Business and Behavioral Sciences,
Las Vegas, NV, Feb 2000.

Department of Mathematical Sciences

Publications:

BLOCK, R. "Statistical Analysis of Honor
Data." DFMS TR NO. 00-1, Feb 2000.

HADFIELD, S. "IITA Operational Testbank
Application 2.0." Jan 2000.

WISNOWSKI, J., D. Montgomery, and G.
Runger. "Analyzing data from designed
experiments: a regression tree approach."
Quality Engineering, 12(2), Jan 2000

Presentation:

CLASEN, R. "Using History and Technology
to Teach Math." Graduate Teaching Program
Conference, UC-Boulder, Jan 2000.



DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A
Approved for Public Release

bution Unlimited
#2000-01 (Jan-Mar 00)

USAFA Discovery is published quarterly by the faculty of the US Air Force Academy (USAFA). It contains reports on USAFA
cadet and faculty research, a complete list of current USAFA research points of contact, and a summary of recent awards and
publications. All written material contained within reflects the opinions of the authors and editors and does not necessarily

reflect current US Air Force or USAFA policy.

THE SWEET TASTE OF VICTORY

On the evening of 26 Jan 2000, 40

cadets and faculty crowded inside the
Astronautics Museum in the Fairchild
Annex building to watch the first laanch
of the Minotaur. Their eyes were glued
to the telecast on the big screen in front
of them. Outside, a snowstorm was
brewing. The scene was reminiscent of
one in October 1997 when Falcon Gold
was being launched in sunny Florida
while a blizzard was in full swing in
Colorado. The Minotaur launch had
been scrubbed several times since its
original launch date of 15 Sep 1999 due
to technical problems. Would it get
delayed again? Would FalconSat-1 (FS-
1) ever get delivered to its home in the
heavens? Would cadets ever get the
opportunity to operate USAFA’s first
free-flying satellite?

The countdown continued to T-
minus-10 minutes. Next door, there was
a continual buzz of activity in the USAF
Academy Ground Station as hardware
and procedures were checked yet again.
CIC April Scott manned one of the
phones listening intently. On the other
end of the line at launch control was
C1iC Ryan Chmielewski. His role at
Vandenberg AFB (VAFB) was to give
the “go/no go” call for the FS-1 payload.
The scenario gave us a glimpse of what
these first-classmen might be like as
future space operations officers. All
checks at the launch site were good and
word was the launch was still a go.

Finally, T-minus-10 seconds
arrived. Five...four...three... two...
one...Liftoff! As the Minotaur burst
through clouds of smoke, cheering
erupted in the museum. Handshakes

Launch of Minotaur from the first commercial port at VAFB

and hugs were exchanged by all as the
launch vehicle streaked through the
night skies over VAFB. In the ground
station, C1C Scott was getting the
official launch time from the control
center—10:03:06L. Soon it would be
their turn to take over.

The cadet operations crews
prepared for the first pass. FS-1 would
be coming overhead at about 0400L.
This first pass, like most to follow,
would only last 10-15 minutes. Only
two of the cadets had ever really seen
the satellite they were going to fly.
However, under the leadership and
guidance of their program manger, C1C
Lee Philley, and mentors, Maj Elsa
Bruno, Mr. Jim White, and Prof. Emery
Reeves, they would soon be

7000 I/O/ (37

making history. They would be
receiving a signal from the USAF
Academy’s first free-flying satellite.
Life at USAFA for this group of cadets
for the next couple of weeks would be
exciting and tiring as they
commissioned FS-1 and slowly brought
it on-line.

in

is issue:

‘Lead article: The Sweet Taste
f of Victory (page 1 - 2)
_®. Department Research News

| (page 3 - 4)
.«. Publications and Presentations
(pages 5 - 7)
DTIC QUALITY InseaoRD 4



USAFA Discovery #2000-01 (Jan-Mar 00)

SCHAUBROECK, B. "Affine and linear
invariant families." 2nd Int'l Workshop on
Planar Harmonic Mappin, Haifa (Israel), Jan
2000.

Department of Physics

Publications:

C.A. SZUBERLA, J.V. Olson, M. J.
Engebretson, and M. Mcharg.
“Spatiotemporal Characteristics of CUSP
Spectra." Journal of Geophysical Research,
Vol 105/No A4, Apr 2000.

CJ. NADDY, S. C. Dudley, and R. Haaland.
Projectile Motion in Special Relativity." The
Physics Teacher, Volume 38/No 1, Jan 2000.

G. CROWLEY, A.J. Ridley, D. Deist, and D.
Knipp. "Study of high-latitude ionospheric F
Region patches into blobs during the March
21, 1990 storm." Journal of Geophysical
Research, Vol 105, Mar 2000.

1. KATZ, V.A. Davis, M. Mandell, and L.
Krause. "Forecasting Satellite Charging:
Combining Space Weather and Spacecraft
Charging." Proc. 38th AIAA Aerospace
Sciences Meeting, AIAA-2000-0369, Jan 00

Y.F. GAO, P.J. Chi, C.T. Russell, and F.
Chun. "Sino-Magnetic Array at Low
Latitudes (SMALL) Including initial Results
from Sister Sites in the United States."
Advanced Space Research, 25/7, Apr 2000.

Y.F. GAO, P.J. CHI, G.LE, and F, CHUN.
"Plasmaspheric Depletion and Refilling
Associated with the September 25, 1998
magnetic Storm observed aby Ground
Magnetometers at L=2." Geophysical
Research Letters, 27/5, Mar 2000.

Presentations:

ANDERSEN, G. and R. Knize. "Holograph
ically Corrected Telescopes with Temporal
Update." SPIE Astronomical Tele scopes and
Instrum. 2000, Munich, GE, Mar 2000.

B.A. EMERY, D. KnipP, F. Chun, and M.
Mcharg. "Statistics and AMIE Case Studies
of Convection and Electron Precipitation
During Periods of Largenegative Thule Polar
Cap Index." AGU Chapman Conference of
Space Weather, Clearwater, FL, Mar 2000.

BRASSEUR, J., G. Andersen, P. Haris, and
R. Knize. "Daytime Holographic Raman
Lidar System." SPIE Aerosense, Orlando,
FL, Apr 2000.

CHUN, F., M. McHarg, J.R. Lacey, and B.A.
Emery. "Averaged Global Patterns of

Ionospheric Properties as a Function of
Geomagnetic Activity." AGU Chapman
Conference of Space Weather,
Clearwater, FL, Mar 2000.

CHUN, F., J.R. LACEY, M. MCHARG,
and D, KNIPP. "Joule Heating and Polar
Cap Potential Patterns as a Function of
Polar Cap Index and IMF." EOS
Transactions, AGU, Fall Mtg 1999, San.
Francisco, CA, Oct 1999,

ENLOE, C., M.W. Alley, J.D. Clapp, and
M. Mcharg. "A Micro-Electrostatic
Analyzer (MESA) Configuration for
Satellite Smart Skins." EOS Transactions,
AGU Fall Meeting 1999, San Francisco,
CA, Oct 1999,

HAWKS, M., I. Dajani, C. Kutsche, and F.
Ghebremichael. "Modeling and
Prototyping of Polymer Fiber Based
Chemical and Biological Agent Sensors."
SPIE Proceedings V4036, Orlando, FL,
‘Apr 2000.

KNIPP, D., B. Emery, F. Chun, and M.
McHarg, "Ionospheric Electrodynamic
Response to the Solar Wind Void of 10-12
May 1999." EOS Transactions, AGU Fall
Meeting 1999, San Francisco, CA, Oct
1999,

KNIPP, D., C.H. Lin, F. Chun, and M.
McHarg, "Ionospheric Electrodynamics
Response to the Solar Wind Void of 10-12
May 99." NASA 2000 International Solar
Terrestrial Physics, Greenbelt, MD, Mar
2000.

MCHARG, M., R. Haaland, D.R. Modry,
and H.C. Stenbaek-Nielsen. "High Speed
Photometric Observations of Sprites." EOS
Transactions, AGU Fall Meeting 1999,
UNK, Oct 1999,

Department of Political Science

Publications:

KNOTT, S. "The Great Republican
Transformation on Oversight."

International Journal of Intelligence and
Counter-intelligence, 13/1, Spring 2000

PILCH, F. "The Crime of Rape in
International Humanitarian Law." Journal
of Legal Studies, 9, Spring 2000.

Presentations:
BOLT, P. "US Policy toward China.”

Colorado Springs World Affairs Council
Meeting, Colorado Springs, CO, Feb 00.

BOLT, P. "A Capitalist Selling Rope to a
Hangman? Taiwan's Security and Cross-
Strait Relations at the Turn of the
Century." International Studies
Association annual meeting, Los Angeles,
CA, Mar 2000,

CAMPBELL, A. "Unintended
Consequences of the Single Subject Rule
for Ballot Initiatives: The Judiciary's
Influence Over a Legislative Power.”
Western Political Science Association
annual meeting, San Jose, CA, Mar 2000.

MURRAY, D. "Leading Change: A
Framework for Strategic Planning and
Curriculum Development." Academic
Chair persons Conference, Orlando, FL,
Feb 2000.

PILCH, F. "Negotiating for Refugees in
Failed States." International Studies
Association annual meeting, Los Angeles,
CA, Mar 2000.

TALBOT, B. "Collective Security After
the Gulf War." International Studies
Association annual meeting, Los Angeles,
CA, Mar 2000.

cwc
Publications:

MALMSTROM, F. V. “The
psychological autopsy: Profiling the mind
of a dead copilot.” Flying Safety, Mar
2000.

ROBBINS, T., Summers, T., Miller, J., &
Hendrix, W.H. (in-press). Using the group
value model to explain the role of
noninstrumental justice in distinguishing
the effects of distributive and procedural
justice. “Journal of Occupational and
Organizational Psychology.”

BERKOWITZ, M. W., Hendrix, W. H.,
Stone, L. J. & Asiu, B. “A model for
developing moral outcome assessments.”
Association for Moral Education
Conference, Minneapolis, Minnesota, Nov
1999,

HENDRIX, W. H., Berkowitz, M. W.,
Stone, L. J. & Asiu, B. “ Assessing the
outcomes of character education: A model
program.” Character Education
Partnership Annual Meeting, Charlotte,
North Carolina, Oct 1999



USAFA Discovery #2000-01 (Jan-Mar 00)

At 0355L, Alpha Crew under, the direction of crew commander C1C Gunnar Hankins, began
sending requests for beacons up to FS-1. Essentially, the crew was asking the satellite if it was there.
In response, the satellite would transmit a signal containing identifiers for 5 seconds. Finally, after
what felt like an eternity, FS-1 responded. The crew and observers were ecstatic.

Alpha crew from left to right: CIC Pat Doyle, CIC Gunnar
Hankins, C1C Jim Ryan, and CIC Andy Stockman

FS-1 was launched with only
a basic operating system and boot
loader burned into ROM. The
purpose was to initialize the
satellite in a safe power mode and
provide the functionality to load
operational software. Should
anything ever happen to the
satellite resulting in a crash of the
operational software, the CPU
would reset and the satellite would
once again return to its safe mode.
The crew uploads placed higher-
level programs in the RAM and
commands from the ground
station executed them.

These programs would be
sent up in three stages. In all, there
would be 6 separate programs
loaded taking approximately 7
passes to complete.

By the end of pass one,
Alpha Crew had successfully
loaded most of the first program.
But more than that, they had
reached a major milestone for the
Small Satellite Program-
successful tracking, command-
ing, and control of a USAF
Academy-built satellite by cadet
operators.

From an_ educational
standpoint, the cadets took
advantage of a rare opportunity to
apply classroom “book-learning”
on a live spacecraft. It will be an
experience that they will
remember their entire lives
regardless of the careers they
enter. They had received their first
taste of space operations, and it
was sweet indeed.

The spectrum analyzer registered a strong
signal; equally good news was recorded by the
oscilloscope, which showed that the spacecraft
was sending intelligible data. During the
remainder of the pass, the crew began to upload
the satellite operational software. The process
was not unlike sending data across a cable
between two computers, except that it was done
over radio frequencies.

FalconSat-1 first signal on spectrum analyzer

First packetized signal from FS-1

For more information, contact:
Maj Elsa Bruno

HQ USAFA/DFAS

2354 Fairchild Drive

USAF Academy CO 80840

Elsa.bruno@usafa.af.mil
(719) 333-6180



USAFA Discovery #2000-01 (Jan-Mar 00)

Department Research News

Department of Foreign
Languages

Facilitating Language
Maintenance Via Email
Distribution

This research builds on work
recently completed by Lt Col
Supinski, Lt Col Sutherland, and
Capt Valentine entitled Russian

Language Development and
Maintenance At a __ Distance:
Methodology and Technology.

Following the recommendations of
the previous study, this project will
test the efficacy of automatically
delivering foreign language
maintenance materials to USAF
linguists worldwide. Specifically,
the study will automatically deliver
short foreign language lessons daily
to USAF linguists through an email
distribution list. Following ten
consecutive lessons, the researchers
will survey the participants to
determine their attitudes toward
receiving such materials and to
discover whether they feel automatic
email distribution of such materials
will provide an effective tool to
assist them in maintaining their
foreign language proficiency.

In support of the Global
Engagement Strategy, the Air
Force’s goal, as stated in the DP
Strategic Plan, is to have ten percent
of all Air Force officers proficient at
the 2 (reading)/ 2 (listening) level
measured by the Defense Language
Proficiency Test (DLPT). Language
training for enlisted linguists and
officers in Language Designated
Positions (LDP) is very expensive
and can take up to 64 weeks.
Although these are among the
longest (and most expensive)

training programs in the Air Force,
linguists following training have few
systematic opportunities to maintain
these valuable skills.

As creator, purchaser, and holder
of state-of-the-art language materials
used for cadet instruction, the
Department of Foreign Languages
seeks opportunities to share these
materials with USAF _ linguists
worldwide.

To that end, the Department is
establishing the Air Force Language
Link (AFLL) to provide one-stop
shopping for language information, as
well as language maintenance
materials for the seven languages
taught to cadets. AFLL will serve the
needs of cadets, enlisted linguists,
recruiters, and officers wishing to
polish language skills. This study will
investigate the feasibility of reaching
out to these customers by providing
language maintenance materials
directly to his or her electronic mail
box on a daily basis in an effort to
make regular and beneficial contact
with the target language available to
every linguist.

Here are the objectives of this
research:
1) To test the feasibility of
implementing automatic —_ email

distribution lists Air Force wide to
provide USAF linguists with daily
lessons as an aid for foreign
language maintenance.

2) To measure the attitudes of
USAF linguists toward receiving
automatically distributed language
materials through email listservs.

3) To determine if USAF
linguists feel the daily distribution
of such lesson plans is a valuable
tool to help them maintain their
hard-won foreign language skills.

20001101 137

4) To gather feedback
regarding lesson plan design
from the linguists who use them
in an effort to construct the most
effective and useful lesson
template —_ possible. This
template would then be used as
a model for future distribution
list-type language maintenance
programs, including expansion
of the program to the other
languages supported by AFLL.

The primary purpose of this
study is to test the feasibility and
efficacy of delivering Russian
language materials electronically
through an email distribution list to
all USAF Russian linguists world-
wide in an effort to provide daily
exposure to the target language as an
aid for maintaining foreign language
skills.

The results of this study will
have broad applicability within the
Air Force, as foreign language
maintenance materials could
potentially be distributed directly to
all linguists regardless of remote
locations, if this study proves such
distribution to be feasible and
effective. The coordination and
counsel of the Distance Learning
Office (AETC/AFDLO), the
organization charged with
examining the effectiveness and the
implementation of distance learning
programs, will be sought for this
study, and the results/lessons learned
may be used in developing other
distance learning efforts. Based on
the lessons learned from the
previously mentioned study, the
researchers have developed a
template from which lessons using
authentic language materials may
be developed.

DTI