| The              Library of Congress>>Especially              for Researchers>>Research              Centers   Home >> Country             Studies >> LaosFindinFederal Research                      Division PagesResearchers                      Web PagesAll Library of Congress PagesA Country Study: Laos**Library of Congress Call Number DS555.3                   .L34 1995**- Laos  ForewordAcknowledgments
- Preface  Table                       A. Chronology of Important EventsCountry                       Profile 
Geography
- Society  EconomyTransportation                           and Communications
- Government                           and Politics  National                           SecurityIntroduction
Chapter                       1 - Historical Setting
 (Arthur J. Dommen)                       
Early                           History 
Power                               Centers in the Middle Mekong Valley
- Mongol                               Influence  The                               Founding of Lan XangThe                               Division of Lan Xang
- Developments                           in the 19th Century    - The                               Hold of Siam  The                               Eviction of SiamLaos                               Under the French
- World                           War II and After    - The                               French Protectorate and Direct Administration  Nationalist                               StirringsEvents                               in 1945
- The                               Lao Issara Government  A                               Confusing SituationThe                           Coming of Independence
The                               Kingdom of Laos
- The                               Pathet Lao   Toward                           Neutrality: The First Coalition- Initial                               Difficulties  Renewed                               NegotiationsA                               Fragile Unity
- The                               1958 Elections  North                               Vietnamese InvasionThe                               Army Enters Politics
- The                           Attempt to Restore Neutrality    - A                               Deepening Split  The                               Battle of VientianeThe                               Widening War
- International                           Pressure and the Advent of the Second Coalition    - Expansion                               of Pathet Lao Influence  Protracted                               DiplomacyRenewed                               Strains
- The                               "Secret War"   The                           Third Coalition and the Lao People's Democratic Republic- The                               Vientiane Agreement  The                               Origins of the Prisoner of War/Missing in Action                               QuestionFormation                               of the Third Coalition
- The                               Communist Seizure of Power  Establishment                               of the Lao People's Democratic Republic"Seminar                               Camps" and the Death of King Savang Vatthana
- Postwar                               Relations with the United States  Developments                               in the Lao People's Democratic Republic- Chapter                       2 - The Society and Its Environment  (W. Randall Ireson)                          - The                           Physical Environment      - Topography  ClimateTransportation                               Routes
- Natural                               Resources   Population- Ethnic                               Diversity  The                               Refugee PopulationRural-Urban                               Distribution
- Rural                           Life     - Lowland                               Lao Society  Midland                               Lao SocietyUpland                               Lao Society
- The                               Pattern of Rural Life   Urban                           Society Religion
Buddhism
- Animism   Education- Education                               Prior to the Lao People's Democratic Republic  Education                               since 1975Health                           and Welfare
Public                               Health
- Acquired                               Immune Deficiency Syndrome  Health                               InfrastructureSocial                               Welfare
- Future                           Trends       - Chapter                       3 - The Economy  (Susannah Hopkins)                            - Agriculture                           and Forestry        - Agriculture                               in the Economic System  Crops                               and Farming Systems- Rice  Other                                   CropsLivestock
- Fishing  ForestryAgricultural                               Policy
- Environmental                               Problems and Policy   Industry                           and Services- Industrial                               Output and Employment    - Manufacturing  EnergyMining
- Construction   Services- Wholesale                                   and Retail Trade  TourismIndustrial                               Policy
- Transportation                           and Telecommunications    - Roads  Motor                               VehiclesInland                               Waterways
- Civil                               Aviation  TelecommunicationsPublic                           Finance
The                               Budget Deficit
- Government                               Revenue  Government                               ExpenditurePolicy
- The                           Financial Sector    - The                               Banking System  Money                               and PricesMoney                               Supply and Inflation
- The                           Balance of Payments    - The                               Foreign Exchange Rate  Foreign                               Trade- Exports  ImportsTrade                                   Partners
- Trade                                   Balance  Trade                                   PolicyTransit
- Direct                               Foreign Investment    - Policy  Investment                                   ProjectsForeign                               Aid
- External                               Debt   Prospects                           for Growth- Chapter                       4 - Government and Politics  (MacAlister Brown and Joseph                       J. Zasloff)                          - The                           Lao People's Revolutionary Party      - Origins                               of the Party  Party                               StructureSemisecrecy                               of the Lao People's Revolutionary Party
- Ideology                               of the Lao People's Revolutionary Party  Leadership- Internal                                   Stability and External Influences  Key                                   LeadersThe                           Constitution 
Development                               of the Constitution
- Highlights                               of the Constitution   Government                           Structure- Bureaucratic                               Culture  ExecutiveLegislature
- Judiciary   Challenges                           to the Regime- Human                               Rights  InsurgentsRefugees
- Political                               Opposition   Mass                           Media Foreign                           Policy 
Basic                               Goals
- Bureaucratic                               Complications  Economic                               FactorsBilateral                               Relations
Relations                                   with Vietnam
- Relations                                   with Thailand  Relations                                   with ChinaRelations                                   with the Soviet Union
- Relations                                   with the United States  Capitalist                                   Donor StatesMultilateral                                   Donors
Chapter                       5 - National Security
 (Nicholas C. Auclair)                       
The                           Armed Forces
Historical                               Background
The                                   Colonial Era
- The                                   Royal Lao Army   Structure                               and Administration of the Armed Forces- Lao                                   People's Army  Lao                                   People's Air ForceLao                                   People's Navy
- Other                                   Military Units   Manpower                               and Conditions of ServiceThe                               Defense Budget
- Threats                           to National Security    - Internal                               Threats and Resistance Movements      - The                                   Ethnic Liberation Organization of Laos  The                                   HmongForeign                               Military Presence
- The                               Confrontational Relationship with Thailand  Relations                               with the United StatesNational                           Police and Paramilitary Forces
- The                           Criminal Justice System    - Civil                               Liberties and Human Rights  Detention                               CentersNarcotics                           and Counternarcotics Issues
Appendix. Tables
- Bibliography  Glossary
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