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FEATURES

Profile of the Economy

Financial Operations

International Statistics

Special Reports

SEPTEMBER 2008
Additional Financial Management Service 

Releases on Federal Finances

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Combined Statement of Receipts, Outlays, and Balances of the United States 

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and liabilities of the Federal Government with supporting details. Single copy 

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Financial Report of the United States Government. Annual report provides 

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BULLETIN

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The Treasury Bulletin is issued quarterly in March, June, September, and December by the 

Financial Management Service. The Budget Reports Division, Governmentwide Accounting, 

compiles statistical data from sources within Treasury departmental offices and bureaus, as well 

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September 2008 

Contents 

FINANCIAL OPERATIONS 

 

PROFILE OF THE ECONOMY 

Analysis.—Summary of Economic Indicators....................................................................................................................... 3

FEDERAL FISCAL OPERATIONS 

Introduction.—Federal Fiscal Operations.............................................................................................................................. 8 

Analysis.—Budget Results and Financing of the U.S. Government and Third-Quarter Receipts by Source........................ 9 

FFO-A.—Chart: Monthly Receipts and Outlays ................................................................................................................ 11 

FFO-B.—Chart: Budget Receipts by Source....................................................................................................................... 11 

FFO-1.—Summary of Fiscal Operations............................................................................................................................. 12 

FFO-2.—On-Budget and Off-Budget Receipts by Source .................................................................................................. 13 

FFO-3.—On-Budget and Off-Budget Outlays by Agency .................................................................................................. 15 

FFO-4.—Summary of U.S. Government Receipts by Source and Outlays by Agency....................................................... 17

ACCOUNT OF THE U.S. TREASURY 

Introduction.— Source and Availability of the Balance in the Account of the U.S. Treasury ............................................ 18 

UST-1.—Elements of Change in Federal Reserve and Tax and Loan Note Account Balances .......................................... 18

FEDERAL DEBT 

Introduction.—Federal Debt................................................................................................................................................ 20 

FD-1.—Summary of Federal Debt ...................................................................................................................................... 21 

FD-2.—Debt Held by the Public ......................................................................................................................................... 22 

FD-3.—Government Account Series................................................................................................................................... 23 

FD-4.—Interest-Bearing Securities Issued by Government Agencies................................................................................. 24 

FD-5.—Maturity Distribution and Average Length of Marketable Interest-Bearing Public Debt Held by 

 Private Investors .................................................................................................................................................... 25 

FD-6.—Debt Subject to Statutory Limit.............................................................................................................................. 26 

FD-7.—Treasury Holdings of Securities Issued by Government Corporations and Other Agencies.................................. 27

PUBLIC DEBT OPERATIONS 

Introduction.—Public Debt Operations ............................................................................................................................... 29 

TREASURY FINANCING ................................................................................................................................................. 29 

PDO-1.—Offerings of Regular Weekly Treasury Bills....................................................................................................... 34 

PDO-2.—Offerings of Marketable Securities Other than Regular Weekly Treasury Bills ................................................. 35 

OWNERSHIP OF FEDERAL SECURITIES 

Introduction.—Ownership of Federal Securities ................................................................................................................. 36 

OFS-1.—Distribution of Federal Securities by Class of Investors and Type of Issues ....................................................... 37 

OFS-2.—Estimated Ownership of U.S. Treasury Securities ............................................................................................... 38

MARKET YIELDS 

Introduction.—Market Yields.............................................................................................................................................. 39 

MY-1.—Treasury Market Bid Yields at Constant Maturities: Bills, Notes, and Bonds...................................................... 39

U.S. CURRENCY AND COIN OUTSTANDING AND IN CIRCULATION

Introduction.—U.S. Currency and Coin Outstanding and in Circulation ............................................................................ 40 

USCC-1.—Amounts Outstanding and in Circulation; Currency, Coins.............................................................................. 40 

USCC-2.—Amounts Outstanding and in Circulation; by Denomination, Per Capita Comparative Totals ......................... 41
September 2008 

IV 

Contents 

INTERNATIONAL STATISTICS 

INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL STATISTICS 

Introduction.—International Financial Statistics ................................................................................................................. 45 

IFS-1.—U.S. Reserve Assets............................................................................................................................................... 45 

IFS-2.—Selected U.S. Liabilities to Foreigners .................................................................................................................. 46 

IFS-3.—Nonmarketable U.S. Treasury Bonds and Notes Issued to Official Institutions and Other 

 Residents of Foreign Countries.............................................................................................................................. 47

CAPITAL MOVEMENTS 

Introduction.—Capital Movements ..................................................................................................................................... 48 

SECTION I.—Liabilities to Foreigners Reported by Banks in the United States 

CM-I-1.—Total Liabilities by Type and Holder.................................................................................................................. 51 

CM-I-2.—Total Liabilities by Country................................................................................................................................ 52 

CM-I-3.—Total Liabilities by Type and Country................................................................................................................ 54 

CM-A.—Chart: U.S. Liabilities to Foreigners Reported by U.S. Banks, Brokers, and Dealers 

 with Respect to Selected Countries...................................................................................................................... 56 

SECTION II.—Claims on Foreigners Reported by Banks in the United States 

CM-II-1.—Total Claims by Type........................................................................................................................................ 57 

CM-II-2.—Total Claims by Country ................................................................................................................................... 58 

CM-II-3.—Total Claims on Foreigners by Type and Country ............................................................................................ 60 

CM-B.—Chart: U.S. Claims on Foreigners Reported by U.S. Banks, Brokers, and Dealers 

 with Respect to Selected Countries...................................................................................................................... 62

SECTION III.—Liabilities to, and Claims on, Unaffiliated Foreigners Reported by Nonbanking Business 

 Enterprises in the United States 

CM-III-1.—Total Liabilities and Claims by Type............................................................................................................... 63 

CM-III-2.—Total Liabilities to Unaffiliated Foreigners by Country................................................................................... 64 

CM-III-3.—Total Claims on Unaffiliated Foreigners by Country....................................................................................... 66 

CM-III-4.—Total Liabilities to, and Claims on, Unaffiliated Foreigners, by Type and Country........................................ 68 

SECTION IV.—U.S. International Transactions in Long-Term Securities 

CM-IV-1.—U.S. Transactions with Foreigners in Long-Term Domestic Securities by Type ............................................ 70 

CM-IV-2.—U.S. Transactions with Foreigners in Long-Term Foreign Securities by Type ............................................... 71 

CM-IV-3.—Net Foreign Transactions in Long-Term Domestic Securities by Type and Country...................................... 72 

CM-IV-4.—U.S. Transactions with Foreigners in Long-Term Domestic and Foreign Securities, by Type 

 and Country, during (second quarter) ............................................................................................................... 74 

CM-IV-5.—U.S. Transactions with Foreigners in Long-Term Domestic and Foreign Securities, by Type 

 and Country, during (calendar year) ................................................................................................................. 76 

CM-C.—Chart: Net Purchases of Long-Term Domestic Securities by Foreigners, Selected Countries ............................. 78 

CM-D.—Chart: Net Purchases of Long-Term Foreign Securities by U.S. Investors .......................................................... 79 

SECTION V.—Holdings of, and Transactions in, Derivatives Contracts with Foreigners Reported by 

 Businesses in the United States 

CM-V-1.—Gross Totals of Holdings with Positive and Negative Fair Values, by Type of Contract ................................. 80

CM-V-2. —Gross Total of Holdings with Negative Fair Values, by Country .................................................................... 81 

CM-V-3. —Gross Total of Holdings with Positive Fair Values, by Country...................................................................... 82 

CM-V-4. —Net Cash Settlements Received by U.S. Residents from Foreign Residents, by Type of Contract.................. 83 

CM-V-5. —Net Cash Settlements Received by U.S. Residents from Foreign Residents, by Country ............................... 84
September 2008 

V

Contents 

FOREIGN CURRENCY POSITIONS 

Introduction.—Foreign Currency Positions......................................................................................................................... 85 

SECTION I.—Canadian Dollar Positions 

FCP-I-1.—Weekly Report of Major Market Participants.................................................................................................... 86 

FCP-I-2.—Monthly Report of Major Market Participants .................................................................................................. 87 

FCP-I-3.—Quarterly Report of Large Market Participants ................................................................................................. 87 

SECTION II.—Japanese Yen Positions 

FCP-II-1.—Weekly Report of Major Market Participants................................................................................................... 88 

FCP-II-2.—Monthly Report of Major Market Participants ................................................................................................. 89 

FCP-II-3.—Quarterly Report of Large Market Participants ................................................................................................ 89 

SECTION III.—Swiss Franc Positions 

FCP-III-1.—Weekly Report of Major Market Participants ................................................................................................. 90 

FCP-III-2.—Monthly Report of Major Market Participants................................................................................................ 91 

FCP-III-3.—Quarterly Report of Large Market Participants............................................................................................... 91 

SECTION IV.—Sterling Positions 

FCP-IV-1.—Weekly Report of Major Market Participants................................................................................................. 92 

FCP-IV-2.—Monthly Report of Major Market Participants................................................................................................ 93 

FCP-IV-3.—Quarterly Report of Large Market Participants............................................................................................... 93 

SECTION V.—U.S. Dollar Positions 

FCP-V-1.—Weekly Report of Major Market Participants .................................................................................................. 94 

FCP-V-2.—Monthly Report of Major Market Participants................................................................................................. 95 

FCP-V-3.—Quarterly Report of Large Market Participants................................................................................................ 95 

SECTION VI.—Euro Positions 

FCP-VI-1.—Weekly Report of Major Market Participants................................................................................................. 96 

FCP-VI-2.—Monthly Report of Major Market Participants................................................................................................ 97 

FCP-VI-3.—Quarterly Report of Large Market Participants............................................................................................... 97 

EXCHANGE STABILIZATION FUND 

Introduction.—Exchange Stabilization Fund....................................................................................................................... 98 

ESF-1.—Balance Sheet ....................................................................................................................................................... 98 

ESF-2.—Income and Expense............................................................................................................................................. 99

SPECIAL REPORTS 

TRUST FUNDS 

Introduction.—Highway Trust Fund ................................................................................................................................. 103 

TF-6A.—Highway Trust Fund; Highway Account, Mass Transit Account ...................................................................... 103

RESEARCH PAPER SERIES........................................................................................................................................... 104

GLOSSARY ...................................................................................................................................................................... 106

ORDER FORM FOR TREASURY PUBLICATIONS ............................................................................... Inside back cover

NOTES: Definitions for words shown in italics can be found in the glossary; Figures may not add to totals because of 

rounding; p = Preliminary; n.a. = Not available; r = Revised. 
September 2008 

VI 

Nonquarterly Tables and Reports 

For the convenience of the “Treasury Bulletin” user, nonquarterly tables and reports 

are listed below along with the issues in which they appear. 

Issues 

March June Sept. Dec. 

Federal Fiscal Operations 

 

FFO-5.—Internal Revenue Receipts by State........................................................... √

FFO-6.—Customs and Border Protection Collection of Duties, Taxes and Fees 

by Districts and Ports............................................................................... √

 

Special Reports 

 

Financial Report of the United States Government excerpt...................................... √ 

Trust Fund Reports: 

Airport and Airway Trust Fund ........................................................................ √ 

Black Lung Disability Trust Fund .................................................................... √ 

Harbor Maintenance Trust Fund....................................................................... √ 

Hazardous Substance Superfund....................................................................... √ 

Highway Trust Fund ......................................................................................... √ 

Inland Waterways Trust Fund........................................................................... √ 

Leaking Underground Storage Tank Trust Fund .............................................. √ 

Nuclear Waste Fund.......................................................................................... √ 

Oil Spill Liability Trust Fund ........................................................................... √ 

Reforestation Trust Fund .................................................................................. √ 

Sport Fish Restoration and Boating Safety Trust Fund (formerly Aquatic 

Resources Trust Fund) ...................................................................................... √ 

Uranium Enrichment Decontamination and Decommissioning Fund............... √ 

Vaccine Injury Compensation Trust Fund ........................................................ √ 

Wool Research, Development, and Promotion Trust Fund............................... √ 

 
OPERATIONS

Profile of the Economy

Federal Fiscal Operations

Account of the U.S. Treasury

Federal Debt

Public Debt Operations

U.S. Savings Bonds and Notes

Ownership of Federal Securities

Market Yields

U.S. Currency and Coin Outstanding

and in Circulation
September 2008 

3

Profile of the Economy 

[Source: Office of Macroeconomic Analysis] 

As of August 7, 2008 

Introduction 

The U.S. economy has remained on a path of slower 

growth since late 2007. The housing market has continued to 

decline, financial markets remain unsettled, and energy 

prices have risen to record highs. Labor markets have 

softened noticeably, and both consumer spending and 

business investment have moderated. Exports remain a 

bright spot, however, and the narrowing real trade deficit has 

been a key component of growth in recent quarters. Rising 

commodity prices and especially, continued food and energy 

price increases, have boosted input costs and headline 

inflation. However, core inflation (a measure excluding food 

and energy) has remained relatively contained. Private 

analysts have reduced their forecasts for growth in the 

second half of 2008. Although the economy will continue to 

be supported by a boost to consumer income and business 

investment from the Economic Stimulus Act of 2008, 

growth is expected to remain sluggish through the remainder 

of the year. 

Growth 

Growth in the U.S. economy stalled in the fourth quarter 

of 2007 and although the economy accelerated during the 

first half of 2008, growth remains sluggish. After averaging 

a rapid 4.8 percent annual rate during the middle quarters of 

2007, real gross domestic product (GDP) declined 0.2 

percent at an annual rate during the fourth quarter of 2007, 

then expanded by 0.9 percent during the first quarter of 

2008, and grew by 1.9 percent in the second quarter. Growth 

in the second quarter was led primarily by a significant 

improvement in net exports as well as a strengthening of 

personal consumption expenditures. Business investment 

spending also edged higher. Residential investment, 

however, fell for the tenth straight quarter, and declining 

inventory investment was a significant drag on growth. 

Growth of consumer spending–which accounts for about 

70 percent of GDP–began to slow in the spring of 2007. 

Spending growth in the final quarter of 2007 and in the first 

and fourth quarters of 2008 amounted to just 1 percent at an 

annual rate. Consumer spending accelerated to a 1.5 percent 

pace in the second quarter of 2008, boosted in part by the 

nearly $80 billion in stimulus payments that households 

received during the quarter. 

Residential investment–mostly residential homebuilding– 

accounts for only about 5 percent of GDP, but the ongoing 

decline in this sector has been a significant drag on real GDP 

growth since early 2006. In the second quarter of 2008, 

residential investment plunged by nearly 16 percent, 

subtracting 0.6 percent point from real GDP growth. 

The second-quarter decline and its negative impact on 

growth was much smaller than in recent quarters: the decline 

was less than the average drop of 24 percent in the three 

previous quarters and it subtracted only half as much from 

real growth. Nevertheless, housing is expected to weigh 

heavily on the economy for the remainder of 2008. Home 

sales remain sluggish, and inventories of unsold homes are 

at historically high levels. Homebuilder optimism is at a 

record low. Housing starts and building permits are sharply 

down. Single-family starts are about 65 percent below their 

peak in January 2006, and hit a 17-year low in June. The 

level of permits remains below starts, suggesting further 

declines in new residential construction are ahead. 

The elevated inventory of homes on the market continues 

to depress house prices. According to figures from the 

Office of Federal Housing Enterprise Oversight, prices for 

purchased homes fell 4.8 percent over the year ending in 

May. Other measures, such as the Case-Shiller indices, 

indicate that home prices are declining in most major U.S. 

cities. The Case-Shiller 10-city index showed an almost 17 

percent decline through the 12 months ending in May, and a 

nearly 20 percent decline from the peak in June 2006. 

Mortgage delinquencies and foreclosures are sharply up. 

Subprime adjustable rate mortgages are largely responsible 

for this trend, but foreclosure starts on prime loans have also 

risen, suggesting that credit difficulties have spread. 

Business activity outside of homebuilding has also 

slowed. After growing by an average annual rate of 9.5 

percent over the two middle quarters of 2007, business 

investment slowed to 3.4 percent in the final quarter of that 

year. Nonresidential fixed investment–about 10 percent of 

Growth of Real GDP

1.5

-0.2

1.3

3.8

2.5

3.5

4.8

3.6

0.1

3.02.6

1.9

0.9

3.0

4.8 4.8

2.7

0.8

-2

0

2

4

6

8

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

(Quarterly percent change at annual rate)
PROFILE OF THE ECONOMY 

September 2008

4 

GDP–decelerated further in the first half of 2008, growing 

by 2.4 percent. Business outlays for structures remained 

solid in the first two quarters of 2008, offsetting declining 

investment in equipment and software. 

Growth in exports–about 12 percent of GDP–has 

remained strong, reflecting robust growth in overseas 

markets. Export growth accelerated markedly in the second 

quarter, rising by 9.2 percent after gains of 5.1 percent and 

4.4 percent in the first and fourth quarters, respectively. 

Over the past year, exports have risen 10.2 percent. Imports 

–about 17 percent of GDP–declined for the third straight 

quarter, and were 1.7 percent below their year-earlier level 

in the second quarter of 2008. As a result, the real trade 

deficit narrowed considerably, and real net exports 

contributed 2.4 percentage points to second quarter growth 

in real GDP–considerably more than the average 

contribution of 1.4 percentage points in each of the prior 

four quarters. 

Public sector purchases–which account for roughly 20 

percent of GDP–grew 3.4 percent in the second quarter, 

jumping up from the 1.9 percent pace in the first quarter and 

the 0.8 percent pace in the final quarter of last year. The 

most recent pace is still slower than the 4.0 percent average 

of the middle quarters of 2007. Federal spending grew 6.7 

percent in the second quarter, while state and local spending 

increased 1.6 percent.

Labor Markets 

Labor market conditions have deteriorated since late 

2007. Payrolls fell by 51,000 in July, continuing a steady 

decline in payrolls–the first since August 2003–that began in 

January 2008. Payrolls have contracted by 463,000, with job 

losses in a variety of sectors, including significant declines 

in manufacturing, employment services, temporary help 

services, and construction. The unemployment rate has 

trended higher, with more noticeable increases in recent 

months: unemployment reached a 4-year high of 5.7 percent 

in July, and was 1.3 percentage points above the March 2007 

low of 4.4 percent. 

Unemployment Rate

3.5

4.0

4.5

5.0

5.5

6.0

6.5

7.0

00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08

(Percent)

July 2008

5.7%

Payroll Employment

-82

-55

109 105

71 80

151

206

88

255

206

151

257

230

-150

-50

50

150

250

350

2005 2006 2007 2008

(Average monthly change in thousands

from end of quarter to end of quarter)
PROFILE OF THE ECONOMY 

September 2008 

5

Inflation 

Rising energy and food prices have boosted headline 

inflation, but core inflation remains relatively contained. 

Consumer prices were up 4.9 percent in the 12 months 

ending in June, a 17-year high and roughly double the yearearlier change of 2.6 percent. Core consumer prices 

(excluding food and energy) rose just 2.4 percent over the 

latest 12 months, up only slightly from a year earlier. In the 

year through June, the personal consumption expenditure 

deflator rose by 4.1 percent, up sharply from the 2.4 percent 

increase posted a year earlier. The core personal 

consumption expenditure price deflator was also relatively 

contained, rising 2.3 percent in the 12 months through June, 

a bit above its year-earlier increase of 2.0 percent. 

Energy prices reached record highs in mid-summer, but 

have since started to come down. The retail price of regular 

gasoline reached a record $4.11 a gallon in early July, but 

eased below $3.90 per gallon in mid-August. The frontmonth futures price for West Texas Intermediate (WTI) 

crude oil traded to a record $147 per barrel in mid-July, but 

has since dropped almost $30 to around $118 per barrel. 

Nonetheless, oil prices remain more than $40 per barrel 

higher than a year ago. 

Food price inflation began rising much more rapidly in 

early 2007, and has been above the overall inflation rate in 

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08

Excluding food and energy

Total

Consumer Prices

(Percent change from a year earlier)

Food

the United States. Analysts have pointed to several factors 

behind the recent rise in food prices, including strong 

increases in demand for food worldwide, trade restrictions in 

some countries, rising input costs–especially for energy, 

fertilizer, and feeds–droughts in key producing countries, 

and rising demand for corn for use in the production of fuel. 

Consumer food prices rose by 5.3 percent in the 12 months 

through June, well above the 4.1 percent increase of a yearearlier, which itself was nearly double the 2.2 percent 

increase for the year ending June 2006. 

Federal Budget 

The federal budget deficit declined to $162 billion (1.2 

percent of GDP) in fiscal year 2007. During the first 9 

months of fiscal year 2008, the deficit rose to just under 

$270 billion, roughly $148 billion more than the same period 

in fiscal year 2007. Stimulus payments associated with the 

Economic Stimulus Act of 2008 (see below) and the slowing 

economy are partly responsible for the rising deficit, as 

stimulus payments lowered net receipts and the slowing 

economy raised outlays for programs like unemployment 

insurance. 

The Mid Session Review of the Federal Budget shows 

both outlays and receipts growing more slowly in fiscal year 

2009 than in fiscal year 2008, the deficit is expected to rise 

to $482 billion (3.3 percent of GDP). During fiscal year 

2008 through fiscal year 2013 spending growth is projected 

to average 2.5 percent annually while receipts grow by 

6.1 percent. The budget is expected to return to a small 

surplus in fiscal year 2012. 

Under the Economic Stimulus Act of 2008–signed in 

mid-February–112.4 million stimulus payments, with a value 

totaling $92 billion, were sent to households over the late 

spring and early summer. Small batches of payments will be 

sent out in the remainder of the year. The total stimulus 

package features a boost of more than $150 billion to 

individuals and businesses. This expansionary fiscal policy, 

in combination with ongoing measures to support the 

housing market, will help support economic growth more 

broadly as adjustments continue in the housing sector and in 

credit markets. 
PROFILE OF THE ECONOMY 

September 2008 

6 

Interest Rates 

In August 2007, financial markets came under significant 

stress triggered in large measure by growing concerns about 

the quality of debt instruments backed by subprime 

mortgages. Concern quickly spread beyond the traditional 

home-mortgage lending sector, and especially affected 

banks, which had extended mortgage lenders credit directly 

as well as through financing conduits. Uncertainty about the 

scope of potential losses increased the perceived risks of 

lending and liquidity tailed off sharply, which led to 

pronounced swings in asset prices, yields, and interest and 

lending rates. 

Partly in response to rising financial market stress as well 

as signs of slowing in the broader economy, the Federal 

Reserve began easing monetary policy in August 2007, and 

has since cut the federal funds rate target by 325 basis 

points. At the latest Federal Open Market Committee 

meeting in early August, citing concerns about economic 

growth and potential inflationary pressures, the Federal 

Reserve kept the federal funds target unchanged at 2.0 

percent for the second straight meeting, its lowest level since 

December 2004. The Federal Reserve is also using a variety 

of additional tools to increase liquidity in credit markets, 

including the Term Auction Facility, the Term Securities 

Lending Facility, and the Primary Dealer Credit Facility. 

Long- and short-term Treasury interest rates have 

trended lower since the summer of 2007, partly reflecting 

flight-to-quality flows in response to financial market 

pressures. The 10-year Treasury note yield was trading at 

about 5.1 percent in July 2007, then declined to 3.3 percent 

in mid-March before resuming a generally upward trend, to 

4.0 percent as of the end of July 2008. Likewise, the 3-

month Treasury bill yield was fluctuating around 5 percent 

in late July 2007 then dropped to 1.1 percent in mid-April 

before rising to 2.1 percent in mid-June 2008. As of the end 

of July, the 3-month yield had fallen to about 1.7 percent. 

Key interest rates on private securities have risen relative 

to Treasury rates. The widening spreads reflect an increase 

in financial risk, anticipation of slower economic growth, 

and concerns by financial market participants about shortterm liquidity difficulties facing some institutions. The 

spread between the 3-month London Inter-bank Offered 

Rate and the 3-month Treasury bill rate (the TED spread–a 

measure of inter-bank liquidity and credit risk) widened 

from about 40 basis points in July 2007 to just under 200 

basis points as of March 2008. Although the spread has 

narrowed since then, reflecting some improvement in 

perceptions of credit market risks, it remains at elevated 

levels, fluctuating in a range well above 100 basis points. As 

of early August, the TED spread had narrowed to about 115 

basis points. The spread between the Baa corporate bond 

yield and the 10-year Treasury yield, another measure of 

investor risk appetite, was quite stable through most of 2007 

at 70 basis points but has generally trended upward since last 

fall, and stood at 320 basis points as of early August. 

Rates for conforming mortgages as well as jumbo 

mortgages have generally trended higher in recent months, 

and the spread between jumbo and conforming mortgage 

rates has also fluctuated in an elevated range. The average 

interest rate for a 30-year conforming fixed-rate mortgage 

fell from a recent high of 6.7 percent in July 2007 to a low of 

5.5 percent in late January 2008, but as of late July, was 

averaging around 6.4 percent. The jumbo-conforming spread 

had widened late last year to about 100 basis points, well 

above the more typical 20 to 25 basis point spread seen prior 

to the onset of the housing and credit market problems. 

Although the spread widened to as much as 150 basis points 

in May, it has since narrowed to about 115 basis points in 

early August. 

3.0

4.0

5.0

6.0

7.0

8.0

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

Long-term Interest Rates

Corporate Baa bond

Treasury 10-year note

(Percent)

0.0

1.0

2.0

3.0

4.0

5.0

6.0

7.0

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

Short-term Interest Rates

Federal funds

rate target

3-month

Treasury bills

(Percent)
PROFILE OF THE ECONOMY 

September 2008 

7

Foreign Trade and Exchange Rates 

Although the U.S. trade balance (which measures trade 

in goods and services) and current account (which measures 

trade in goods, services, and investment income flows as 

well as unilateral transfers) remain in deficit, both deficits 

have narrowed appreciably in recent years, largely due to an 

improvement in the trade balance. The merchandise trade 

deficit reached $838 billion in 2006, but declined to $819 

billion in 2007. In the first half of 2008, the trade deficit 

narrowed noticeably, as export growth surged. The current 

account balance has been in deficit almost continuously 

since the early 1980s, and in 2006, reached a record $788 

billion, equivalent to 6.0 percent of GDP. In 2007, the deficit 

narrowed to $731 billion or 5.3 percent of GDP. As of the 

first quarter of 2008 (latest data available) the current 

account deficit had narrowed further, to the equivalent of 5.0 

percent of GDP. 

The value of the U.S. dollar compared with the 

currencies of seven major trading partners (the euro area 

countries, Japan, Canada, the United Kingdom, Australia, 

Sweden, and Switzerland) depreciated significantly from its 

peak in February 2002, but more recently has begun to 

stabilize. Between February 2002 and July 2008, the 

exchange value of the dollar compared to an index of these 

currencies fell by about 37 percent. Over this period, the 

dollar depreciated by 20 percent against the yen, and by 45 

percent to an all-time low against the euro. The dollar has 

also depreciated, but by a far lesser amount, against an index 

of currencies of 19 other important trading partners 

(including China, India, and Mexico). Between February 

2002 and July 2008, the dollar depreciated by about 12 

percent against this basket of currencies. 
September 2008 

8 

INTRODUCTION: Federal Fiscal Operations 

Budget authority usually takes the form of appropriations 

that allow obligations to be incurred and payments to be 

made. Reappropriations are Congressional actions that 

extend the availability of unobligated amounts that have 

expired or would otherwise expire. These are counted as 

new budget authority in the fiscal year of the legislation in 

which the reappropriation act is included, regardless of when 

the amounts were originally appropriated or when they 

would otherwise lapse. 

Obligations generally are liquidated by the issuance of 

checks or the disbursement of cash—outlays. Obligations 

may also be liquidated (and outlays recorded) by the accrual 

of interest on public issues of Treasury debt securities 

(including an increase in redemption value of bonds 

outstanding); or by the issuance of bonds, debentures, notes, 

monetary credits, or electronic payments. 

Refunds of collections generally are treated as reductions 

of collections, whereas payments for earned-income tax 

credits in excess of tax liabilities are treated as outlays. 

Outlays during a fiscal year may be for payment of 

obligations incurred in prior years or in the same year. 

Outlays, therefore, flow in part from unexpended balances of 

prior year budget authority and from budget authority 

provided for the year in which the money is spent. Total 

outlays include both budget and off-budget outlays and are 

stated net of offsetting collections. 

Receipts are reported in the tables as either budget 

receipts or offsetting collections. They are collections from 

the public, excluding receipts offset against outlays. These, 

also called governmental receipts, consist mainly of tax 

receipts (including social insurance taxes), receipts from 

court fines, certain licenses, and deposits of earnings by the 

Federal Reserve system. Refunds of receipts are treated as 

deductions from gross receipts. Total Government receipts 

are compared with total outlays in calculating the budget 

surplus or deficit. 

Offsetting collections from other Government accounts 

or the public are of a business-type or market-oriented 

nature. They are classified as either collections credited to 

appropriations or fund accounts, or offsetting receipts (i.e., 

amounts deposited in receipt accounts). The former normally 

can be used without an appropriation act by Congress. These 

occur in two instances: (1) when authorized by law, amounts 

collected for materials or services are treated as 

reimbursements to appropriations. For accounting purposes, 

earned reimbursements are also known as revenues. These 

offsetting collections are netted against gross outlays in 

determining net outlays from such appropriations; and (2) in 

the three types of revolving funds (public enterprise, 

intragovernmental, and trust); offsetting collections are 

netted against spending, and outlays are reported as the net 

amount. 

Offsetting receipts in receipt accounts cannot be used 

without appropriation. They are subdivided into three 

categories: (1) proprietary receipts, or collections from the 

public, offset against outlays by agency and by function; (2) 

intragovernmental transactions, or payments into receipt 

accounts from governmental appropriation or fund accounts. 

They finance operations within and between Government 

agencies and are credited with collections from other 

Government accounts; and (3) offsetting governmental 

receipts that include foreign cash contributions. 

Intrabudgetary transactions are subdivided into three 

categories: (1) interfund transactions—payments are from 

one fund group (either Federal funds or trust funds) to a 

receipt account in the other fund group; (2) Federal intrafund 

transactions—payments and receipts both occur within the 

Federal fund group; and (3) trust intrafund transactions—

payments and receipts both occur within the trust fund 

group. 

Offsetting receipts are generally deducted from budget 

authority and outlays by function, subfunction, or agency. 

There are four types of receipts, however, that are deducted 

from budget totals as undistributed offsetting receipts. They 

are: (1) agencies’ payments (including payments by offbudget Federal entities) as employers into employees’ 

retirement funds; (2) interest received by trust funds; (3) 

rents and royalties on the Outer Continental Shelf lands; and 

(4) other interest (i.e., that collected on Outer Continental 

Shelf money in deposit funds when such money is 

transferred into the budget). 

The Government has used the unified budget concept set 

forth in the “Report of the President’s Commission on 

Budget Concepts” as a foundation for its budgetary analysis 

and presentation since 1969. The concept calls for the 

budget to include all of the Government’s fiscal transactions 

with the public. Since 1971, however, various laws have 

been enacted removing several Federal entities from (or 

creating them outside of) the budget. Other laws have moved 

certain off-budget Federal entities onto the budget. Under 

current law, the off-budget Federal entities consist of the two 

Social Security trust funds, Federal Old-Age and Survivors 

Insurance and the Federal Disability Insurance Trust Fund, 

and the Postal Service. 

Although an off-budget Federal entity’s receipts, outlays, 

and surplus or deficit ordinarily are not subject to targets set 

by the Congressional resolution, the Balanced Budget and 

Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985 [commonly known 

as the Gramm-Rudman-Hollings Act as amended by the 

Budget Enforcement Act of 1990 (2 United States Code 900-

922)] included off-budget surplus or deficit in calculating 

deficit targets under that act and in calculating excess deficit. 

Partly for this reason, attention has focused on both on- and 

off-budget receipts, outlays and deficit of the Government. 
FEDERAL FISCAL OPERATIONS 

September 2008 

9

Tables FFO-1, FFO-2, and FFO-3 are published 

quarterly and cover 5 years of data, estimates for 2 years, 

detail for 13 months, and fiscal year-to-date data. They 

provide a summary of data relating to Federal fiscal 

operations reported by Federal entities and disbursing 

officers, and daily reports from the FRBs. They also detail 

accounting transactions affecting receipts and outlays of the 

Government and off-budget Federal entities and their related 

effect on assets and liabilities of the Government. Data are 

derived from the “Monthly Treasury Statement of Receipts 

and Outlays of the United States Government.” 

• Table FFO-1 summarizes the amount of total 

receipts, outlays, and surplus or deficit, as well as 

transactions in Federal securities, monetary assets, and 

balances in Treasury operating cash. 

• Table FFO-2 includes on- and off-budget receipts 

by source. Amounts represent income taxes, social insurance 

taxes, net contributions for other insurance and retirement, 

excise taxes, estate and gift taxes, customs duties, and net 

miscellaneous receipts. 

• Table FFO-3 details on- and off-budget outlays by 

agency. 

• Table FFO-4 summarizes on- and off-budget 

receipts by source and outlays by function as reported to 

each major fund group classification for the current fiscal 

year to date and prior fiscal year to date. 

• Table FFO-5 summarizes internal revenue receipts 

by states and by type of tax. Amounts reported are 

collections made in a fiscal year. They span several tax 

liability years because they consist of prepayments 

(estimated tax payments and taxes withheld by employers 

for individual income and Social Security taxes), payments 

made with tax returns and subsequent payments made after 

tax returns are due or are filed (that is, payments with 

delinquent returns or on delinquent accounts). 

Amounts are reported based on the primary filing 

address provided by each taxpayer or reporting entity. For 

multistate corporations, the address may reflect only the 

district where such a corporation reported its taxes from a 

principal office rather than other districts where income was 

earned or where individual income and Social Security taxes 

were withheld. In addition, an individual may reside in one 

district and work in another. 

• Table FFO-6 includes customs collection of duties, 

taxes, and fees by districts and ports.

Budget Results and Financing of the U.S. Government 

and Third-Quarter Receipts by Source 

[Source: Office of Tax Analysis, Office of Tax Policy] 

Third-Quarter Receipts 

The following capsule analysis of budget 

receipts, by source, for the third quarter of fiscal 

year 2008 supplements fiscal data reported in the 

June issue of the “Treasury Bulletin.” At the time 

of that issue’s release, not enough data were 

available to analyze adequately collections for the 

quarter. 

Individual income taxes—Individual income tax 

receipts, net of refunds, were $374.2 billion for the third 

quarter of fiscal year 2008. This is a decrease of $31.7 

billion over the comparable prior year quarter. Withheld 

receipts increased by $5.1 billion and non-withheld receipts 

increased by $13.7 billion during this period. Refunds 

increased by $50.5 billion over the comparable fiscal year 

2007 quarter, primarily related to payments issued in 

accordance with provisions of the Economic Stimulus Act of 

2008. There was a decrease of $0.6 billion in accounting 

adjustments between individual income tax receipts and the 

Social Security and Medicare trust funds over the 

comparable quarter in fiscal year 2007. 

Corporate income taxes—Net corporate income tax 

receipts were $107.0 billion for the third quarter of fiscal 

year 2008. This is a decrease of $18.5 billion compared to 

the prior year third quarter. The $18.5 billion change is 

comprised of a decrease of $10.5 billion in estimated and 

final payments, and an increase of $8.0 billion in corporate 

refunds. 

Employment taxes and contributions—Employment 

taxes and contributions receipts for the third quarter of fiscal 

year 2008 were $238.9 billion, an increase of $10.7 billion 

over the comparable prior year quarter. Receipts to the 

Federal Old-Age and Survivors Insurance, Federal Disability 

Insurance, and Federal Hospital Insurance trust funds 

changed by $6.8 billion, $1.2 billion, and $2.7 billion 

respectively. There was a -$3.0 billion accounting 

adjustment for prior years employment tax liabilities made 

in the third quarter of fiscal year 2008, while there was a 

-$3.6 billion adjustment in the third quarter of fiscal year 

2007. 

Unemployment insurance—Unemployment insurance 

receipts, net of refunds, for the third quarter of fiscal year 

2008 were $21.1 billion, a decrease of $0.1 billion over the 

comparable quarter of fiscal year 2007. Net State taxes 

deposited in the U.S. Treasury decreased by $0.2 billion to 

$17.0 billion. Net Federal Unemployment Tax Act taxes 

increased by $0.1 billion to $4.1 billion. 
FEDERAL FISCAL OPERATIONS 

September 2008 

10 

Budget Results and Financing of the U.S. Government 

and Third-Quarter Receipts by Source, con.

Contributions for other insurance and retirement—

Contributions for other retirement were $1.0 billion for the 

third quarter of fiscal year 2008. This was a negligible 

change from the comparable quarter of fiscal year 2007. 

Excise taxes—Net excise tax receipts for the third 

quarter of fiscal year 2008 were $16.8 billion, an increase of 

$0.8 billion over the comparable prior year quarter. Total 

excise tax refunds for the quarter were $0.6 billion, a 

decrease of $1.2 billion over the comparable prior year 

quarter. 

Estate and gift taxes—Net estate and gift tax receipts 

were $8.9 billion for the third quarter of fiscal year 2008. 

These receipts represent an increase of $1.3 billion over the 

same quarter in fiscal year 2007. 

Customs duties—Customs duties net of refunds were 

$6.5 billion for the third quarter of fiscal year 2008. This is 

an increase of $0.3 billion over the comparable prior year 

quarter. 

Miscellaneous receipts—Net miscellaneous receipts 

for the third quarter of fiscal year 2008 were $13.3 billion, 

an increase of $0.7 billion over the comparable prior year 

quarter. This change is due in part to deposits of earnings by 

Federal Reserve banks increasing by $0.9 billion.

Total On- and Off-Budget Results and Financing of the U.S. Government 

[In millions of dollars. Source: “Monthly Treasury Statement of Receipts and Outlays of the United States Government”] 

 Third quarter 

 April - June 

Actual fiscal 

year to date 2008 

Total on- and off-budget results: 

Total receipts ............................................................... 787,935 1,933,904

On-budget receipts .................................................. 602,461 1,430,953

Off-budget receipts .................................................. 185,474 502,951

Total outlays................................................................. 743,856 2,202,577

On-budget outlays.................................................... 649,494 1,881,098

Off-budget outlays.................................................... 96,362 321,479

Total surplus or deficit (-) ............................................. 44,080 -268,674

On-budget surplus or deficit (-)................................ -47,033 -450,145

Off-budget surplus or deficit (-)................................ 91,112 181,472

Means of financing: 

Borrowing from the public............................................ -48,421 241,232

Reduction of operating cash........................................ -7,178 21,921

Other means ................................................................ 11,519 5,521

Total on- and off-budget financing........................... -44,080 268,674

Third-Quarter Net Budget Receipts by Source, Fiscal Year 2008 

[In billions of dollars. Source: “Monthly Treasury Statement of Receipts and Outlays of the United States Government”] 

Source April May June 

Individual income taxes...................................................... 244.0 21.7 108.6 

Corporate income taxes..................................................... 41.7 7.0 58.3 

Employment and general retirement.................................. 91.7 68.9 78.4 

Unemployment insurance .................................................. 7.7 12.7 0.7 

Contributions for other insurance and retirement .............. 0.3 0.4 0.3 

Excise taxes ....................................................................... 5.6 5.3 5.9 

Estate and gift taxes .......................................................... 4.6 2.0 2.3 

Customs duties .................................................................. 2.1 2.2 2.3 

Miscellaneous receipts....................................................... 6.1 4.1 3.1

Total budget receipts ..................................................... 403.8 124.3 259.9

Note.—Detail may not add to totals due to independent rounding. 
FEDERAL FISCAL OPERATIONS 

September 2008 

11

CHART FFO-A.—

Monthly Receipts and Outlays, 2007-2008

(In billions of dollars) 

-50

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

J J A SONDJ F MAMJ

On-budget

receipts

Off-budget

receipts

On-budget

outlays

Off-budget

outlays

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

1000

Individual

income

taxes

Social

insurance

and

retirement

receipts

Corporate

income

taxes

Excise

taxes

Misc. 

receipts 

Customs

duties

Estate/gift

taxes

* Prior-year data are for the comparable year.

2008

2007 *

CHART FFO-B.—

Budget Receipts by Source, Fiscal Year to Date, 2007-2008

(In billions of dollars) 
FEDERAL FISCAL OPERATIONS 

September 2008 

12 

TABLE FFO-1.—Summary of Fiscal Operations 

[In millions of dollars. Source: “Monthly Treasury Statement of Receipts and Outlays of the United States Government”] 

Total on-budget and off-budget results 

Fiscal year 

or month 

Total receipts

 (1) 

 Onbudget 

 receipts 

 (2) 

 Off-budget

 receipts 

 (3) 

Total 

outlays 

(4) 

On-budget 

outlays 

(5) 

Off-budget 

outlays 

(6) 

Total 

surplus or

deficit (-)

(7) 

On-budget 

surplus or 

deficit (-) 

(8) 

Off-budget 

surplus or

deficit (-)

(9) 

Means of 

financing 

– net transactions

Borrowing from

the public–

Federal securities

Public debt

securities 

(10) 

 

2003 ............................ 1,782,108 1,258,265 523,842 2,159,248 1,796,238 363,010 -377,140 -537,973 160,833 561,811 

2004 ............................ 1,879,784 1,345,040 534,744 2,292,770 1,913,259 379,512 -412,986 -568,219 155,233 595,064 

2005 ............................ 2,153,350 1,575,874 577,475 2,471,647 2,069,437 402,210 -318,298 -493,562 175,265 551,329 

2006 ............................ 2,406,675 1,798,293 608,382 2,654,873 2,232,804 422,069 -248,197 -434,510 186,313 546,436 

2007 ............................ 2,567,673 1,932,585 635,088 2,730,499 2,276,863 453,636 -162,826 -344,278 181,452 499,976 

 

2008 - Est.................... 2,521,175 1,858,960 662,215 2,931,222 2,461,157 470,065 -410,047 -602,197 192,150 703,708 

2009 - Est.................... 2,699,947 2,004,383 695,564 3,107,355 2,615,476 491,879 -407,408 -611,093 203,685 758,753 

 

2007 - June ................. 276,517 218,697 57,820 249,036 249,332 -296 27,481 -30,635 58,116 37,943 

July .................. 170,439 121,679 48,760 206,886 163,434 43,452 -36,447 -41,755 5,308 65,919 

Aug .................. 166,545 117,166 49,379 283,518 207,951 75,567 -116,973 -90,785 -26,188 72,779 

Sept................. 285,354 231,333 54,021 173,788 147,780 26,008 111,567 83,554 28,013 3,160 

Oct................... 178,175 133,146 45,029 235,014 192,586 42,428 -56,838 -59,440 2,601 73,429 

Nov .................. 151,055 102,705 48,350 249,293 200,783 48,510 -98,238 -98,078 -160 71,631 

Dec .................. 276,982 227,125 49,857 228,721 235,395 -6,674 48,261 -8,270 56,531 79,026 

2008 - Jan ................... 255,217 191,181 64,036 237,379 193,589 43,790 17,839 -2,408 20,246 11,103 

Feb .................. 105,723 53,495 52,229 281,287 232,181 49,106 -175,563 -178,686 3,123 119,605 

Mar .................. 178,816 120,840 57,976 227,028 177,070 49,958 -48,212 -56,230 8,018 82,503 

Apr................... 403,751 333,059 70,692 244,469 199,021 45,448 159,282 134,038 25,244 -59,357 

May.................. 124,272 70,392 53,880 290,199 239,019 51,180 -165,927 -168,628 2,700 25,284 

June................. 259,912 199,010 60,902 209,188 211,454 -2,266 50,725 -12,443 63,168 103,474 

 

Fiscal year 2008 to date ... 1,933,903 1,430,953 502,951 2,202,578 1,881,098 321,480 -268,671 -450,145 181,471 506,698 

 

Means of financing—net transactions, con. 

Borrowing from the publicFederal securities, con. Cash and monetary assets (deduct) 

Fiscal year 

or month 

Agency 

securities 

(11) 

Investments 

 of 

Government 

accounts 

(12) 

Total 

10+11-12

(13) 

U.S. Treasury 

operating 

cash 

(14) 

Special 

drawing 

rights 

(15) 

Other

(16) 

Reserve position

on the U.S. 

quota in the 

IMF (deduct) 

 (17) 

Other 

(18) 

Transactions 

not applied 

to year’s 

surplus or 

deficit 

(19) 

Total 

Financing

(20) 

 

2003 ...................................... -922 187,324 373,565 -25,926 353 -7,010 3,208 -26,352 552 377,140 

2004 ...................................... -1,769 213,677 379,618 1,390 720 -23,669 -4,630 6,517 662 412,986 

2005 ...................................... -547 254,096 296,687 -669 -4,537 -182 -6,195 9,250 778 318,298 

2006 ...................................... -245 309,215 236,975 16,447 410 196 -6,626 20,983 666 248,197 

2007 ...................................... -433 293,218 206,325 23,110 646 1,314 -2,157 -21,368 782 162,826 

 

2008 - Est.............................. -16 310,202 393,490 -30,237 - - - -13,680 - 410,047 

2009 - Est.............................. 226 331,444 427,534 - - - - -20,126 - 407,408 

 

2007 - June ........................... 162 75,889 -37,784 -922 16 615 89 9,771 330 -27,481 

July ............................ 125 5,475 60,569 22,132 93 -251 -205 -2,353 - 36,447 

Aug ............................ -286 -19,119 91,612 -37,895 46 305 20 -12,163 - 116,973 

Sept........................... -42 49,682 -46,564 65,792 144 112 76 771 350 -111,567 

Oct............................. 51 54,604 18,877 -37,280 91 -405 -67 r 300 - r 56,838 

Nov ............................ 87 -7,805 79,523 -29,414 144 213 19 -10,323 - 98,238 

Dec ............................ 47 88,048 -8,975 48,431 -60 -86 -172 8,727 100 -48,261 

2008 - Jan ............................. -43 14,724 -3,664 13,296 90 -219 -7 -1,015 - -17,839 

Feb ............................ -124 -8,106 127,587 -59,244 121 31 43 -11,073 - 175,563 

Mar ............................ 486 6,685 76,304 35,111 204 730 21 r 7,749 225 r 48,212 

Apr............................. -302 28,843 -88,501 94,569 -125 90 -48 23,705 - -159,282 

May............................ 8 -8,422 33,713 -126,805 4 240 859 6,512 - 165,927 

June........................... 356 97,463 6,367 39,414 78 305 125 -17,285 115 -50,725 

Fiscal year 2008 to date........... 566 266,034 241,231 -21,922 547 899 773 7,297 440 268,671 

 

Note.—These estimates are based on the Fiscal Year 2009 “Budget of the U.S. 

Government,” released by the Office of Management and Budget on February 4, 2008. 

Detail may not add to totals due to rounding. 
FEDERAL FISCAL OPERATIONS 

September 2008 

13

TABLE FFO-2.—On-Budget and Off-Budget Receipts by Source 

[In millions of dollars. Source: “Monthly Treasury Statement of Receipts and Outlays of the United States Government”] 

Income taxes 

Individual Corporation 

Social insurance 

and retirement receipts

 Employment and general retirement 

Old-age, disability, and 

hospital insurance 

Fiscal year 

or month 

Withheld 

(1) 

Other 

(2) 

Refunds 

(3) 

 Net 

 (4) 

 Gross 

 (5) 

Refunds 

(6) 

Net 

 (7) 

Net income 

taxes 

(8) 

 Gross 

 (9) 

 Refunds

 (10) 

 Net 

 (11) 

 

2003 .............................. 734,647 252,502 193,451 793,699 194,522 62,745 131,778 925,477 672,727 1,699 671,028 

2004 .............................. 753,260 243,324 187,626 808,958 230,619 41,250 189,370 998,328 686,313 980 685,333 

2005 .............................. 786,559 320,942 180,279 927,222 307,095 28,814 278,281 1,205,503 746,129 2,585 743,544 

2006 .............................. 848,954 387,307 192,354 1,043,908 380,925 27,010 353,915 1,397,823 788,024 2,213 785,810 

2007 .............................. 928,582 437,666 202,779 1,163,472 395,534 25,292 370,243 1,533,715 822,216 2,220 819,996 

2008 - Est...................... 1,219,661 - - 1,219,661 345,336 - 345,336 1,564,997 857,668 - 857,668 

2009 - Est...................... 1,259,041 - - 1,259,041 339,224 - 339,224 1,598,265 895,280 - 895,280 

 

June................... 69,751 54,397 4,680 119,468 69,574 954 68,620 188,088 74,217 - 74,217 

July .................... 77,006 5,687 3,093 79,600 11,099 1,454 9,645 89,245 62,669 - 62,669 

Aug .................... 75,982 5,343 3,707 77,618 6,104 1,767 4,336 81,954 63,500 - 63,500 

Sept................... 63,315 60,443 2,603 121,155 77,893 1,171 76,722 197,877 72,624 2,220 70,404 

Oct..................... 83,387 16,210 4,035 95,563 12,235 6,281 5,955 101,518 59,539 - 59,539 

Nov .................... 71,082 4,238 9,877 65,443 5,363 2,664 2,699 68,142 64,142 - 64,142 

Dec .................... 106,925 7,338 1,606 112,657 87,770 3,891 83,879 196,536 66,595 - 66,595 

2008 - Jan ..................... 87,249 65,071 3,483 148,838 10,579 4,519 6,060 154,898 82,287 - 82,287 

Feb .................... 88,645 4,022 68,267 24,400 4,995 6,687 -1,692 22,708 67,066 - 67,066 

Mar .................... 89,041 11,008 r 43,417 r 56,632 37,997 5,428 32,569 r 89,201 73,443 - 73,443 

Apr..................... 75,392 214,619 45,985 244,025 48,105 6,433 41,672 285,697 91,281 - 91,281 

May.................... 71,492 7,805 57,645 21,651 8,784 1,737 7,046 28,697 68,472 - 68,472 

June................... 73,436 54,806 19,688 108,554 61,970 3,642 58,328 166,882 78,458 - 78,458 

 

Fiscal year 2008 to date... 746,649 385,117 254,003 877,763 277,798 41,282 236,516 1,114,279 651,283 - 651,283 

 

Social insurance and retirement receipts, con. 

Employment and general retirement, con. Unemployment insurance Net for other insurance and retirement

Railroad retirement 

Fiscal year 

or month 

Gross 

(12) 

Refunds 

(13) 

Net 

(14) 

Net employment 

and general 

retirement 

(15) 

Gross 

(16) 

 Refunds 

 (17) 

 Net un- 

 employment 

 insurance 

 (18) 

Federal 

employees 

retirement 

(19) 

Other 

retirement 

(20) 

Total

(21) 

 

2003 ............................ 3,963 9 3,954 674,982 33,481 115 33,366 4,578 53 4,631 

2004 ............................ 4,030 5 4,026 689,359 39,582 129 39,453 4,545 51 4,596 

2005 ............................ 4,123 3 4,119 747,663 42,120 119 42,001 4,409 50 4,460 

2006 ............................ 4,234 2 4,231 790,042 43,559 139 43,420 4,308 50 4,358 

2007 ............................ 4,263 2 4,261 824,257 41,216 125 41,091 4,207 51 4,258 

 

2008 - Est.................... 4,355 - 4,355 862,023 43,382 - 43,382 4,695 25 4,720 

2009 - Est.................... 4,366 - 4,366 899,646 44,953 - 44,953 4,752 26 4,778 

2007 - June ................. -92 - -92 74,125 262 12 250 394 4 398 

July.................. 446 - 446 63,115 2,787 15 2,771 372 3 375 

Aug.................. 410 2 408 63,908 5,055 12 5,043 340 5 344 

Sept................. 332 -1 333 70,737 238 12 226 326 7 332 

Oct................... 421 9 413 59,952 2,143 5 2,137 323 2 325 

Nov.................. 326 * 326 64,468 3,267 6 3,261 391 3 394 

Dec.................. 394 1 393 66,989 265 6 259 345 4 349 

2008 - Jan ................... 394 * 394 82,681 2,143 4 2,139 366 4 370 

Feb.................. 454 * 454 67,520 2,993 3 2,989 322 4 327 

Mar.................. 439 * 439 73,882 366 14 353 321 4 325 

Apr................... 383 2 380 91,661 7,682 18 7,663 321 4 325 

May ................. 418 - 418 68,890 12,759 13 12,746 391 3 394 

June ................ -68 -68 78,390 696 10 686 318 3 322 

Fiscal year 2008 to date.... 3,161 12 3,149 654,433 32,314 79 32,233 3,098 31 3,131 

 

See footnote at end of table. 
FEDERAL FISCAL OPERATIONS 

September 2008 

14 

Net miscellaneous receipts 

Estate and gift taxes Customs duties Total receipts 

Fiscal year 

or month 

Excise 

taxes, con.

Net excise 

taxes 

(35) 

 Gross 

 (36) 

 Refunds

 (37) 

Net 

(38) 

Gross 

(39) 

Refunds

(40) 

Net 

(41) 

Deposits of

earnings by

Federal 

Reserve 

banks 

(42) 

Universal 

service fund

and all other

(43) 

Total 

(44) 

On-budget

(45) 

Off-budget

(46) 

 

2003 ............................ 67,522 22,827 868 21,959 21,032 1,170 19,862 21,878 12,431 34,309 1,258,265 523,842 

2004 ............................ 69,855 25,579 749 24,831 21,806 723 21,083 19,652 12,628 32,280 1,345,040 534,744 

2005 ............................ 73,093 25,606 841 24,764 24,198 820 23,378 19,297 13,190 32,487 1,575,874 577,475 

2006 ............................ 73,962 28,688 811 27,877 25,701 891 24,810 29,945 14,439 44,384 1,798,293 608,382 

2007 ............................ 65,069 26,978 934 26,044 27,548 1,538 26,010 32,043 15,186 47,228 1,932,585 635,088 

 

2008 - Est.................... 68,835 26,757 - 26,757 29,208 - 29,208 31,358 -110,105 -78,747 1,858,960 662,215 

2009 - Est.................... 68,946 26,313 - 26,313 29,122 - 29,122 31,652 -3,728 27,924 2,004,383 695,564 

 

2007 - June ................. 6,004 1,858 80 1,778 2,245 73 2,172 2,637 1,064 3,702 218,697 57,820 

July.................. 6,043 1,924 78 1,847 2,444 72 2,372 3,363 1,307 4,670 121,679 48,760 

Aug.................. 5,807 2,379 68 2,311 2,668 62 2,606 3,206 1,366 4,572 117,166 49,379 

Sept................. 7,539 2,218 57 2,161 2,399 76 2,323 2,735 1,423 4,158 231,333 54,021 

Oct................... 4,452 2,487 74 2,413 2,615 106 2,509 3,215 1,655 4,870 133,146 45,029 

Nov.................. 5,871 2,144 87 2,057 2,543 65 2,478 3,018 1,367 4,385 102,705 48,350 

Dec.................. 5,718 2,527 66 2,460 2,211 84 2,127 1,486 1,058 2,545 227,125 49,857 

2008 - Jan .................. 5,032 2,395 60 2,336 2,295 61 2,234 4,125 1,403 5,529 191,181 64,036 

Feb .................. 4,921 1,890 69 1,820 2,280 57 2,223 2,063 1,151 3,214 53,495 52,229 

Mar .................. 5,500 2,510 105 2,405 2,172 102 2,070 3,801 1,278 5,079 120,840 57,976 

Apr................... 5,636 4,735 105 4,630 2,177 101 2,075 4,802 1,261 6,063 333,059 70,692 

May ................. 5,262 2,089 95 1,994 2,223 65 2,158 2,990 1,140 4,130 70,392 53,880 

June ................ 5,942 2,371 73 2,298 2,397 91 2,306 1,952 1,134 3,086 199,010 60,902 

 

Fiscal year 2008 to date.. 48,334 23,148 734 22,413 20,913 732 20,180 27,452 11,447 38,901 1,430,953 502,951 

 

Note.—These estimates are based on the Fiscal Year 2009 “Budget of the U.S. 

Government,” released by the Office of Management and Budget on February 4, 2008. 

* Less than $500,000. 

Detail may not add to totals due to rounding. 

TABLE FFO-2.—On-Budget and Off-Budget Receipts by Source, con. 

[In millions of dollars. Source: “Monthly Treasury Statement of Receipts and Outlays of the United States Government”] 

Excise taxes 

Airport and Airway Trust Fund 

Black Lung Disability 

Trust Fund Highway Trust Fund Miscellaneous 

Fiscal year 

or month 

Social 

insurance 

and retirement

receipts, con.

Net social 

insurance and 

retirement 

receipts 

(22) 

Gross 

(23) 

Refunds 

 (24) 

 Net 

 (25) 

Gross

(26) 

Refunds

(27) 

Net 

(28) 

Gross

(29) 

Refunds

(30) 

 Net 

 (31) 

 Gross 

 (32) 

 Refunds

 (33) 

 Net

 (34) 

 

2003............................ 712,979 8,729 44 8,684 506 - 506 34,756 1,032 33,724 25,499 891 24,608

2004............................ 733,408 9,230 56 9,174 566 - 566 35,725 1,014 34,711 26,260 856 25,404

2005............................ 794,123 10,415 101 10,314 610 - 610 38,897 1,007 37,890 25,272 994 24,278

2006............................ 837,820 10,531 105 10,425 607 - 607 39,433 891 38,543 25,509 1,123 24,386

2007............................ 869,607 11,535 67 11,468 639 - 639 40,402 1,040 39,362 18,734 5,134 13,600

 

2008 - Est ................... 910,125 11,871 - 11,871 638 - 638 39,203 - 39,203 17,123 - 17,123

2009 - Est ................... 949,377 12,570 12,570 648 - 648 39,928 - 39,928 15,800 - 15,800

 

2007 - June................. 74,773 1,253 -8 1,261 55 - 55 3,149 8 3,141 1,732 185 1,547

July.................. 66,262 1,002 - 1,002 54 - 54 3,249 - 3,249 1,928 189 1,739

Aug.................. 69,295 1,149 10 1,139 66 - 66 3,002 296 2,706 2,074 178 1,896

Sept................. 71,296 1,673 13 1,660 84 - 84 6,196 179 6,016 -22 198 -221

Oct .................. 62,414 369 - 369 10 - 10 592 - 592 3,646 165 3,481

Nov.................. 68,123 1,056 - 1,056 60 - 60 3,813 - 3,813 1,121 180 941

Dec.................. 67,597 945 - 945 54 - 54 3,407 - 3,407 1,445 133 1,312

2008 - Jan................... 85,190 870 - 870 49 - 49 3,134 - 3,134 1,049 69 979

Feb.................. 70,836 1,062 - 1,062 78 - 78 3,162 - 3,162 1,112 492 619

Mar.................. 74,560 864 30 834 58 - 58 3,170 335 2,835 1,518 -256 1,773

Apr .................. 99,649 901 - 901 60 - 60 3,298 - 3,298 1,458 82 1,376

May ................. 82,030 947 9 938 45 - 45 2,160 294 1,865 2,554 140 2,413

June ................ 79,398 1,074 - 1,074 54 - 54 3,251 - 3,251 1,669 107 1,562 

Fiscal year 2008 to date.. 689,797 8,088 39 8,049 468 - 468 25,987 629 25,357 15,572 1,112 14,456

 
FEDERAL FISCAL OPERATIONS 

September 2008 

15

TABLE FFO-3.—On-Budget and Off-Budget Outlays by Agency 

[In millions of dollars. Source: “Monthly Treasury Statement of Receipts and Outlays of the United States Government”] 

Fiscal year 

or month 

Legislative 

branch 

(1) 

Judicial 

branch 

(2) 

Department of 

Agriculture 

(3) 

Department of 

Commerce

(4) 

Department of

Defense, 

military 

(5) 

 Depart-

 ment of 

Education

 (6) 

 Depart-

 ment of

 Energy

 (7) 

 Depart- 

 ment of 

 Health 

 and 

 Human 

 Services

 (8) 

 Depart-

 ment of 

 Home- 

 land 

 Security 

 (9) 

Department of 

Housing 

and 

Urban 

Development 

(10) 

 Depart- 

 ment of

 the 

 Interior

 (11) 

Department of

Justice 

(12) 

 Depart-

 ment of

 Labor

 (13) 

 

2003 ....................... 3,404 5,128 72,860 5,670 388,741 57,144 19,380 505,024 32,133 37,406 9,204 21,029 69,562

2004 ....................... 3,900 5,393 71,572 5,829 437,043 62,779 19,894 542,812 26,802 44,989 8,615 29,576 56,679

2005 ....................... 3,995 5,543 85,333 6,147 474,374 72,857 21,274 581,463 38,717 42,448 9,288 22,366 46,943

2006 ....................... 4,129 5,820 93,533 6,374 499,350 93,427 19,653 614,313 69,100 42,434 9,063 23,320 43,139

2007 ....................... 4,306 6,008 84,437 6,479 529,871 66,372 20,117 672,036 39,172 45,559 10,488 23,351 47,543

 

2008 - Est............... 4,586 6,161 94,764 8,151 583,057 68,046 23,209 709,381 42,340 52,269 11,081 25,026 49,652

2009 - Est............... 4,962 6,981 94,753 9,246 651,162 63,500 23,325 738,633 44,297 45,630 10,239 26,520 54,192 

2007 - June ............ 384 579 3,909 550 48,322 5,531 2,116 66,663 3,951 4,178 1,066 1,971 3,882

July ............. 372 494 5,267 705 40,288 3,024 850 44,582 2,957 4,218 1,215 2,440 3,466

Aug ............. 346 532 5,460 574 48,136 7,773 1,292 67,116 3,371 4,015 1,053 2,070 4,042

Sept ............ 320 481 6,034 555 44,010 5,737 2,212 44,705 3,284 3,878 957 1,237 3,500

Oct.............. 367 480 12,544 599 57,005 5,037 1,409 58,494 3,728 4,150 914 2,684 3,374

Nov ............. 331 626 8,189 603 50,217 4,971 881 64,392 3,204 4,064 819 2,079 2,919

Dec ............. 323 487 9,931 691 49,174 4,501 2,209 44,631 2,949 4,206 1,001 2,296 4,995

2008 - Jan .............. 406 502 9,269 608 44,309 7,581 1,243 56,579 3,202 3,890 912 2,412 5,302

Feb ............. 342 511 7,269 599 48,199 7,055 1,859 68,807 3,196 3,545 827 1,919 4,695

Mar ............. 353 469 7,345 525 44,512 4,907 1,059 46,289 3,427 3,755 825 2,140 3,854

Apr.............. 512 509 5,276 511 48,986 4,572 2,384 62,436 3,173 3,687 575 2,187 5,895

May............. 351 602 5,972 643 51,253 8,758 2,390 73,706 3,126 7,316 711 2,006 6,870

June............ 352 560 6,085 888 45,880 4,542 1,073 45,114 3,918 3,873 869 2,255 3,801 

Fiscal year 2008 to 

 date ........................ 3,337 4,746 71,880 5,667 439,535 51,924 14,507 520,448 29,923 38,486 7,453 19,978 41,705

 

Fiscal year 

or month 

Department of 

State 

(14) 

Department of 

Transportation 

(15) 

Department 

of the 

Treasury, 

interest on 

Treasury 

debt 

securities 

(gross) 

(16) 

Department 

of the 

Treasury, 

other 

(17) 

Department of 

Veterans 

Affairs 

(18) 

Corps of 

Engineers 

(19) 

Other 

Defense,

civil 

programs

(20) 

Environmental 

Protection 

Agency 

(21) 

Executive 

Office 

 of the 

President 

(22) 

General 

Services 

Administration

(23) 

International 

Assistance 

Program

(24) 

 

2003 ....................... 9,341 50,454 318,149 49,674 56,956 4,680 39,881 8,044 387 338 13,461 

2004 ....................... 10,925 54,872 321,566 54,330 59,585 4,732 41,732 8,329 3,349 -452 13,660 

2005 ....................... 12,754 56,597 352,350 57,927 69,844 4,720 43,484 7,911 7,689 17 15,034 

2006 ....................... 12,957 60,141 405,872 58,873 69,808 6,946 44,435 8,322 5,378 22 13,945 

2007 ....................... 13,749 61,701 429,978 60,623 72,820 3,918 47,112 8,258 2,957 32 12,764 

 

2008 - Est............... 18,892 68,662 459,186 60,977 86,643 7,211 49,067 7,541 2,079 357 15,224 

2009 - Est............... 22,103 71,104 487,300 60,501 91,815 8,772 51,220 7,999 528 722 16,451 

2007 - June ............ 568 5,432 104,755 2,332 9,834 230 3,794 710 169 10 1,120 

July............. 1,237 5,646 25,659 1,923 3,386 385 4,079 700 164 -9 752 

Aug............. 1,360 7,156 25,688 1,101 9,457 553 3,555 788 170 -63 1,325 

Sept............ 1,483 6,459 19,187 -5,312 3,354 460 4,167 676 136 -128 161 

Oct.............. 1,427 6,099 22,310 1,064 6,835 450 3,694 668 96 33 67 

Nov............. 1,813 5,091 25,345 1,385 10,423 321 4,110 677 113 24 -633 

Dec............. 1,806 5,282 106,138 2,576 6,704 437 4,021 714 152 38 800 

2008 - Jan .............. 1,295 4,076 24,687 5,088 3,511 507 4,193 687 140 29 3,647 

Feb............. 1,154 4,091 20,037 32,303 9,943 447 4,010 630 110 17 644 

Mar............. 1,357 4,935 23,024 13,084 4,141 376 3,993 713 92 189 341 

Apr.............. 667 4,406 22,362 9,523 7,058 333 3,232 576 93 -12 1,784 

May ............ 2,244 5,428 22,388 19,226 11,017 371 3,771 675 80 135 -331 

June ........... 1,220 5,965 110,973 15,380 3,372 364 3,864 637 72 24 1,015 

Fiscal year 2008 to 

 date............................ 12,983 45,373 377,264 99,629 63,004 3,606 34,888 5,977 948 477 7,334 

 

See footnote at end of table.
FEDERAL FISCAL OPERATIONS 

September 2008 

16 

TABLE FFO-3.—On-Budget and Off-Budget Outlays by Agency, con. 

[In millions of dollars. Source: “Monthly Treasury Statement of Receipts and Outlays of the United States Government”] 

Undistributed offsetting receipts 

Total outlays 

Fiscal year 

or month 

National 

Aeronautics 

and 

Space 

Administration 

(25) 

National 

Science 

Foundation 

(26) 

Office of 

Personnel 

Management 

(27) 

Small 

Business 

Administration 

(28) 

Social 

Security

Administration

(29) 

Independent 

agencies

(30) 

Employer 

share, 

employee 

retirement 

(31) 

Interest 

received 

by trust 

funds 

(32) 

Rents 

and 

royalties 

on the 

Outer 

Continental Shelf 

lands 

(33) 

Other 

(34) 

Onbudget 

(35) 

Offbudget

(36) 

 

2003 .................. 14,610 4,730 54,135 1,559 507,733 8,878 -49,351 -156,066 -5,029 * 1,796,238 363,010

2004 .................. 15,150 5,116 56,545 4,077 530,209 5,686 -53,430 -153,986 -5,105 * 1,913,259 379,512

2005 .................. 15,600 5,432 59,500 2,503 561,333 14,419 -58,919 -160,992 -6,144 -160 2,069,437 402,210

2006 .................. 15,125 5,541 62,400 905 585,742 12,351 -60,856 -169,295 -7,282 -113 2,232,803 422,069

2007 .................. 15,860 5,529 58,450 1,175 621,761 18,271 -61,774 -177,963 -6,762 -13,700 2,276,863 453,636

 

2008 - Est.......... 17,318 6,256 64,173 530 656,563 18,401 -64,442 -197,838 -11,120 -12,181 2,461,157 470,065

2009 - Est.......... 18,137 6,414 67,213 825 692,783 19,393 -67,808 -208,929 -10,159 -2,469 2,615,476 491,879

 

2007 - June ....... 1,497 521 5,368 81 59,720 -1,714 -4,289 -83,534 -321 -350 249,332 -296

July........ 1,282 512 5,698 80 49,094 2,640 -4,230 -1,037 -952 * 163,434 43,452

Aug........ 1,479 618 5,848 91 84,385 802 -3,938 -2,019 -616 * 207,951 75,567

Sept....... 1,771 498 239 87 21,312 6,535 -4,005 -95 -110 * 147,780 26,008

Oct......... 1,104 445 6,326 71 52,559 1,519 -18,288 -1,489 -760 * 192,586 42,428

Nov........ 1,596 478 5,026 71 56,073 1,181 -4,397 -1,755 -942 * 200,783 48,510

Dec........ 1,548 451 5,352 73 53,638 2,341 -4,084 -85,937 -721 * 235,395 -6,674

2008 - Jan ......... 1,216 394 5,987 78 50,648 1,843 -4,472 -1,180 -1,208 -1 193,589 43,790

Feb........ 1,264 429 5,843 -268 57,598 2,369 -4,316 -1,509 -2,328 -5 232,181 49,106

Mar........ 1,486 463 6,061 66 51,620 1,841 -4,201 -720 -1,288 * 177,070 49,958

Apr......... 1,541 396 6,390 61 54,759 484 -4,094 -2,931 -2,863 -1 199,021 45,448

May ....... 1,593 440 5,331 69 59,244 2,226 -4,591 -1,543 -1,279 * 239,019 51,180

June ...... 1,618 513 5,432 79 55,573 -1,560 -4,285 -88,768 -2,555 -18,958 211,454 -2,266

 

Fiscal year 2008 

to date ............... 12,966 4,009 51,748 300 491,712 12,244 -52,728 -185,832 -13,944 -18,965 1,881,098 321,480

 

 Note.—These estimates are based on the Fiscal Year 2009 “Budget of the U.S. 

Government,” released by the Office of Management and Budget on February 4, 2008. 

* Less than $500,000. 

Detail may not add to totals due to rounding. 
FEDERAL FISCAL OPERATIONS 

September 2008 

17

TABLE FFO-4.—Summary of U.S. Government Receipts by Source and Outlays by Agency, 

June 2008 and Other Periods 

[In millions of dollars. Source: Financial Management Service] 

This fiscal year to date Prior fiscal year to date 

Classification 

General 

funds 

(1) 

Management, 

consolidated, 

revolving and 

special funds

(2) 

Trust 

funds 

(3) 

 Total 

 funds 

 (4) 

 General

 funds 

 (5) 

Management, 

consolidated, 

revolving and 

special funds 

(6) 

Trust 

funds 

(7) 

Total 

funds 

(8) 

Budget receipts: 

Individual income taxes............................................... 877,705 58 - 877,763 885,041 57 - 885,098

Corporation income taxes........................................... 236,516 - - 236,516 279,537 - 3 279,539

Social insurance and retirement receipts: 

Employment and general retirement (off-budget)... - - 502,951 502,951 - - 482,928 482,928

Employment and general retirement (on-budget)... - - 151,482 151,482 - - 143,569 143,569

Unemployment insurance ....................................... - - 32,233 32,233 - - 33,051 33,051

Other retirement...................................................... - - 3,131 3,131 - - 3,206 3,206

Excise taxes ................................................................ 12,006 600 35,727 48,333 7,810 596 37,273 45,680

Estate and gift taxes ................................................... 22,413 - - 22,413 19,725 - - 19,725

Customs duties ........................................................... 13,086 5,974 1,122 20,181 11,950 5,767 992 18,710

Miscellaneous receipts................................................ 28,922 9,118 860 38,900 24,305 9,077 447 33,828

Total receipts....................................................... 1,190,648 15,750 727,506 1,933,904 1,228,369 15,497 701,469 1,945,335

(On-budget)..................................................... 1,190,648 15,750 224,555 1,430,953 1,228,369 15,497 218,541 1,462,407

(Off-budget)..................................................... - - 502,951 502,951 - - 482,928 482,928

 

Budget outlays: 

Legislative branch ....................................................... 3,168 152 17 3,337 3,039 227 3 3,269

Judicial branch ............................................................ 4,801 -28 -28 4,746 4,308 217 -24 4,502

Department of Agriculture ........................................... 61,435 9,510 936 71,881 55,061 11,866 749 67,675

Department of Commerce........................................... 5,364 302 * 5,666 4,574 71 * 4,645

Department of Defense-military .................................. 435,709 3,742 83 439,534 395,236 2,149 53 397,438

Department of Education ............................................ 52,414 -506 16 51,924 50,448 -629 19 49,839

Department of Energy................................................. 16,950 -2,445 * 14,506 16,748 -987 * 15,762

Department of Health and Human Services ............... 378,950 107 141,392 520,449 371,164 -8 144,477 515,633

Department of Homeland Security.............................. 32,115 -2,386 194 29,923 30,787 -1,422 196 29,560

Department of Housing and Urban Development....... 39,489 -1,000 -4 38,485 34,575 -1,123 -4 33,448

Department of the Interior........................................... 7,137 -59 375 7,454 6,973 -12 304 7,264

Department of Justice ................................................. 18,664 1,318 -5 19,977 16,330 1,271 3 17,604

Department of Labor................................................... 8,019 1,629 32,057 41,705 8,015 1,038 27,482 36,536

Department of State.................................................... 12,287 102 594 12,983 8,962 385 322 9,669

Department of Transportation..................................... 5,679 -269 39,964 45,374 9,093 -251 33,597 42,439

Department of the Treasury: 

Interest on the public debt....................................... 377,265 - - 377,265 359,444 - - 359,444

Other ....................................................................... 100,070 -566 126 99,630 63,415 -587 83 62,911

Department of Veterans Affairs .................................. 64,033 -1,783 752 63,002 57,467 -1,576 732 56,622

Corps of Engineers ..................................................... 3,181 -99 525 3,607 1,919 -22 622 2,519

Other defense civil programs...................................... 59,193 -12,196 -12,110 34,887 41,741 -12,831 6,401 35,312

Environmental Protection Agency............................... 6,201 -59 -166 5,977 6,384 -59 -230 6,095

Executive Office of the President................................ 948 * * 948 2,429 58 * 2,487

General Services Administration ................................ 143 333 * 477 35 197 - 232

International Assistance Program............................... 13,122 -801 -4,986 7,335 12,592 -817 -1,248 10,526

National Aeronautics and Space Administration ........ 12,981 -16 * 12,966 11,344 -17 * 11,328

National Science Foundation...................................... 3,931 54 25 4,009 3,861 36 6 3,902

Office of Personnel Management ............................... 6,620 -1,242 46,370 51,748 6,510 -20,095 60,250 46,664

Small Business Administration ................................... 324 -24 * 300 931 -14 * 917

Social Security Administration .................................... 44,086 -12 447,635 491,710 43,735 -11 423,246 466,971

Other independent agencies....................................... 6,786 2,405 3,051 12,243 5,751 4,024 -1,480 8,295

Undistributed offsetting receipts: 

Interest .................................................................... - - -185,833 -185,833 - - -174,813 -174,813

Other ....................................................................... -13,705 -30,701 -41,231 -85,637 -11,691 -18,641 -38,055 -68,387

Total outlays........................................................ 1,767,360 -34,536 469,753 2,202,577 1,621,179 -37,564 482,692 2,066,307

(On-budget)..................................................... 1,767,360 -31,627 145,365 1,881,098 1,621,179 -37,794 174,313 1,757,698

(Off-budget)..................................................... - -2,909 324,388 321,479 - 230 308,379 308,609

Surplus or deficit (-)............................................. -576,712 50,286 257,753 -268,674 -392,810 53,061 218,777 -120,972

(On-budget)..................................................... -576,712 47,377 79,190 -450,145 -392,810 53,291 44,228 -295,291

(Off-budget)..................................................... - 2,909 178,563 181,472 - -230 174,549 174,319

- No transactions. 

* Less than $500,000. 

Note.—Detail may not add to totals due to rounding. 
September 2008 

18 

INTRODUCTION: Source and Availability of the 

Balance in the Account of the U.S. Treasury

The Department of the Treasury’s (Treasury’s) operating 

cash is maintained in accounts with the Federal Reserve 

banks (FRBs) and branches, as well as in tax and loan 

accounts in other financial institutions. Major information 

sources include FRBs, Treasury Regional Financial Centers, 

Internal Revenue Service Centers, Bureau of the Public 

Debt, and various electronic systems. As the FRB accounts 

are depleted, funds are called in (withdrawn) from thousands 

of tax and loan accounts at financial institutions throughout 

the country. 

Under authority of Public Law 95-147 (codified at 31 

United States Code 323), Treasury implemented a program 

on November 2, 1978, to invest a portion of its operating 

cash in obligations of depositaries maintaining tax and loan 

accounts. Under the Treasury tax and loan (TT&L) 

investment program, depositary financial institutions select 

the manner in which they will participate. Financial 

institutions wishing to retain funds deposited into their tax 

and loan accounts in interest-bearing obligations can 

participate. The program permits Treasury to collect funds 

through financial institutions and to leave the funds in TT&L 

depositaries and in the financial communities in which they 

arise until Treasury needs the funds for its operations. In this 

way, Treasury is able to neutralize the effect of its 

fluctuating operations on TT&L financial institution reserves 

and on the economy. Likewise, those institutions wishing to 

remit the funds to the Treasury account at FRBs do so as 

collector depositaries. 

Deposits to tax and loan accounts occur as customers of 

financial institutions deposit tax payments that the financial 

institutions use to purchase Government securities. In most 

cases, this involves a transfer of funds from a customer’s 

account to the tax and loan account in the same financial 

institution. Also, Treasury can direct the FRBs to invest 

excess funds in tax and loan accounts directly from the 

Treasury account at the FRBs. 

TABLE UST-1.—Elements of Change in Federal Reserve 

and Tax and Loan Note Account Balances 

[In millions of dollars. Source: Financial Management Service] 

 Credits and withdrawals 

 Federal Reserve accounts 

 Credits 1 Tax and loan note accounts 

Fiscal year or month 

Received directly 

(1) 

Received through 

remittance option tax 

and loan depositaries 

(2) 

Withdrawals 2 

(3) 

Taxes 3 

(4) 

Withdrawals 

(transfers to Federal 

Reserve accounts) 

(5) 

 

2003 ................................................ 6,450,164 426,493 6,877,311 1,148,226 1,173,496 

2004 ................................................ 7,094,904 469,641 7,565,782 1,168,663 1,166,036 

2005 ................................................ 7,485,532 468,563 7,955,702 1,339,363 1,338,425 

2006 ................................................ 7,839,784 501,945 8,340,659 1,478,945 1,463,568 

2007 ................................................ 8,455,356 528,724 8,983,992 1,571,322 1,548,300 

 

2007 - June ..................................... 654,470 50,732 705,893 155,675 155,907 

July ...................................... 569,224 39,238 607,985 110,456 88,800 

Aug ...................................... 850,144 39,031 889,722 103,928 141,276 

Sept..................................... 642,108 49,361 690,510 157,567 92,735 

Oct....................................... 657,908 40,429 699,569 113,367 149,415 

Nov ...................................... 752,037 36,806 788,481 102,472 132,248 

Dec ...................................... 680,387 59,953 728,889 199,675 162,694 

2008 - Jan ....................................... 746,426 44,251 801,024 128,702 105,059 

Feb ...................................... 863,418 37,176 901,942 120,623 178,518 

Mar ...................................... 770,080 45,335 814,287 152,098 118,114 

Apr....................................... 940,794 53,189 994,580 154,020 58,854 

May...................................... 898,793 37,593 936,721 108,037 234,507 

June..................................... 822,259 49,684 871,584 156,942 117,886 

 

See footnotes at end of table. 
ACCOUNT OF THE U.S. TREASURY 

September 2008 

19

TABLE UST-1.—Elements of Change in Federal Reserve 

and Tax and Loan Note Account Balances, con. 

[In millions of dollars. Source: Financial Management Service] 

Balances 

 During period 

End of period High Low Average 

Fiscal year or month 

Federal 

Reserve 

(6) 

Tax and loan 

note 

accounts 

(7) 

Federal 

Reserve 

(8) 

Tax and loan

note 

accounts 

(9) 

Federal 

Reserve 

(10) 

Tax and loan 

note 

accounts 

(11) 

Federal 

Reserve 

(12) 

Tax and loan

note 

accounts 

(13) 

 

2003 ...................................... 7,224 27,735 10,583 43,432 2,986 39 5,828 11,195 

2004 ...................................... 5,987 30,362 7,900 51,834 1,592 19 5,341 14,464 

2005 ...................................... 4,381 31,300 9,849 78,251 3,159 30 5,025 19,819 

2006 ...................................... 5,451 46,676 7,507 93,784 2,637 78 5,019 20,614 

2007 ...................................... 5,539 69,698 29,504 98,264 3,239 75 5,216 23,961 

 

2007 - June ........................... 4,649 20,560 6,022 59,059 4,039 3,175 5,024 25,854 

July ............................ 5,126 42,215 5,690 42,215 3,821 834 4,727 13,373 

Aug ............................ 4,579 4,866 5,508 44,900 4,366 4,866 4,909 20,184 

Sept........................... 5,539 69,698 7,550 89,158 3,239 1,534 4,956 39,707 

Oct............................. 4,307 33,650 6,304 59,149 3,919 3,515 4,937 18,294 

Nov ............................ 4,669 3,875 6,210 26,605 4,044 413 5,112 10,509 

Dec ............................ 16,120 40,855 16,120 60,329 3,924 671 5,867 24,354 

2008 - Jan ............................. 5,773 64,498 16,120 64,498 4,262 2,734 5,525 19,670 

Feb ............................ 4,424 6,603 6,052 50,127 2,992 94 4,830 13,358 

Mar ............................ 5,552 40,587 6,590 40,587 4,346 6,603 5,150 17,731 

Apr............................. 4,955 135,752 7,417 135,752 3,437 - 5,328 26,304 

May............................ 4,620 9,282 6,342 98,302 2,973 - 4,766 32,453 

June........................... 4,978 48,338 7,413 48,338 4,167 124 5,020 16,190 

 

 

1

 Represents transfers from tax and loan note accounts, proceeds from sales of securities other 

than Government account series, and taxes. 

2

 Represents checks paid, wire transfer payments, drawdowns on letters of credit, redemptions 

of securities other than Government account series, and investment (transfer) of excess funds 

out of this account to the tax and loan note accounts. 

3 Taxes eligible for credit consist of those deposited by taxpayers in the tax and loan depositaries 

as follows: withheld income taxes beginning March 1948; taxes on employers and employees 

under the Federal Insurance Contributions Act beginning January 1950 and under 

the Railroad Retirement Tax Act beginning July 1951; a number of excise taxes 

beginning July 1953; estimated corporation income taxes beginning April 1967; all 

corporation income taxes due on or after March 15, 1968; Federal Unemployment 

Tax Act taxes beginning April 1970; and individual estimated income taxes 

beginning October 1988. 
September 2008 

20 

INTRODUCTION: Federal Debt 

Treasury securities (i.e., public debt securities) comprise 

most of the Federal debt, with securities issued by other 

Federal agencies accounting for the rest. Tables in this 

section of the “Treasury Bulletin” reflect the total. Further 

detailed information is published in the “Monthly Statement 

of the Public Debt of the United States.” Likewise, 

information on agency securities and on investments of 

Federal Government accounts in Federal securities is 

published in the “Monthly Treasury Statement of Receipts 

and Outlays of the United States Government.” 

Treasury’s Financial Management Service (FMS) 

compiles data in the “Treasury Bulletin” tables FD-2 and 

FD-6 from the “Monthly Statement of the Public Debt of the 

United States.” 

• Table FD-1 summarizes the Federal debt by listing 

public debt and agency securities held by the public, 

including the Federal Reserve. It also includes debt held by 

Federal agencies, largely by the Social Security and other 

Federal retirement trust funds. The net unamortized 

premium and discount also are listed by total Federal 

securities, securities held by Government accounts and 

securities held by the public. The difference between the 

outstanding face value of the Federal debt and the net 

unamortized premium and discount is classified as the 

accrual amount. (For greater detail on holdings of Federal 

securities by particular classes of investors, see the 

ownership tables, OFS-1 and OFS-2.) 

• Table FD-2 categorizes by type, that is, marketable 

and nonmarketable, the total public debt securities 

outstanding that are held by the public. 

• In table FD-3, nonmarketable Treasury securities 

held by U.S. Government accounts are summarized by 

issues to particular funds within Government. Many of the 

funds invest in par value special series nonmarketables at 

interest rates determined by law. Others invest in marketbased special Treasury securities whose terms mirror those 

of marketable securities. 

• Table FD-4 presents interest-bearing securities 

issued by Government agencies. Federal agency borrowing 

has declined in recent years, in part because the Federal 

Financing Bank has provided financing to other Federal 

agencies. (Federal agency borrowing from Treasury is 

presented in the “Monthly Treasury Statement of Receipts 

and Outlays of the United States Government.”) 

• Table FD-5 illustrates the average length of 

marketable interest-bearing public debt held by private 

investors and the maturity distribution of that debt. 

In March 1971, Congress enacted a limited exception to 

the amount of bonds with rates greater than 4-1/4 percent 

that could be held by the public. This permitted Treasury to 

offer securities maturing in more than 7 years at current 

market interest rates for the first time since 1965. In March 

1976, the definition of a bond was changed to include those 

securities longer than 10 years to maturity. This exception 

has expanded since 1971, authorizing Treasury to continue 

to issue long-term securities. The ceiling on Treasury bonds 

was repealed on November 10, 1988. 

The volume of privately held Treasury marketable 

securities by maturity class reflects the remaining period to 

maturity of Treasury bills, notes and bonds. The average 

length is comprised of an average of remaining periods to 

maturity, weighted by the amount of each security held by 

private investors. In other words, computations of average 

length exclude Government accounts and the FRBs. 

• In table FD-6, the debt ceiling is compared with the 

outstanding debt subject to limitation by law. The other debt 

category includes Federal debt Congress has designated as 

being subject to the debt ceiling. 

• Table FD-7 details Treasury holdings of securities 

issued by Government corporations and other agencies. 

Certain Federal agencies are authorized to borrow money 

from the Treasury, largely to finance direct loan programs. 

In addition, agencies such as the Bonneville Power 

Administration are authorized to borrow from the Treasury 

to finance capital projects. Treasury, in turn, finances these 

loans by selling Treasury securities to the public. 
FEDERAL DEBT 

September 2008 

21

TABLE FD-1.—Summary of Federal Debt

[In millions of dollars. Source: “Monthly Treasury Statement of Receipts and Outlays of the United States Government”] 

Securities held by 

Amount outstanding Government accounts The public 

End of fiscal 

year or month 

Total 

(1) 

Public debt 

securities 

(2) 

Agency 

securities 

(3) 

Total 

(4) 

Public debt 

securities 

(5) 

Agency

securities

(6) 

Total 

(7) 

Public debt 

securities 

(8) 

Agency

securities

(9) 

 

2003............................... 6,809,272 6,783,320 25,952 2,859,275 2,859,275 - 3,949,997 3,924,045 25,952 

2004............................... 7,403,236 7,379,053 24,183 3,075,687 3,075,687 1 4,327,549 4,303,366 24,182 

2005............................... 7,956,346 7,932,710 23,637 3,331,333 3,331,332 1 4,625,013 4,601,378 23,636 

2006............................... 8,530,366 8,506,974 23,392 3,663,773 3,663,766 7 4,866,593 4,843,208 23,385 

2007............................... 9,030,612 9,007,653 22,959 3,958,417 3,958,411 6 5,072,195 5,049,242 22,953 

 

2007 - June.................... 8,890,838 8,867,677 23,162 3,924,650 3,924,644 6 4,966,188 4,943,033 23,156 

July..................... 8,955,724 8,932,438 23,287 3,928,865 3,928,859 6 5,026,859 5,003,579 23,281 

Aug..................... 9,028,649 9,005,648 23,001 3,908,720 3,908,714 6 5,119,929 5,096,934 22,995 

Sept.................... 9,030,612 9,007,653 22,959 3,958,417 3,958,411 6 5,072,195 5,049,242 22,953 

Oct ..................... 9,102,096 9,079,086 23,011 4,012,039 4,012,033 6 5,090,057 5,067,053 23,005 

Nov..................... 9,172,438 9,149,341 23,097 4,002,846 4,002,840 6 5,169,592 5,146,501 23,091 

Dec..................... 9,252,317 9,229,172 23,145 4,092,890 4,092,884 6 5,159,427 5,136,288 23,139 

2008 - Jan...................... 9,261,110 9,238,008 23,102 4,105,795 4,105,789 6 5,155,315 5,132,219 23,096 

Feb..................... 9,381,029 9,358,051 22,978 4,098,349 4,098,344 6 5,282,680 5,259,707 22,972 

Mar..................... 9,461,058 9,437,594 23,464 4,103,552 4,103,546 6 5,357,506 5,334,048 23,458 

Apr ..................... 9,400,719 9,377,557 23,163 4,133,040 4,133,034 6 5,267,679 5,244,523 23,157 

May .................... 9,411,969 9,388,798 23,170 4,110,207 4,110,201 6 5,301,762 5,278,597 23,164 

June ................... 9,515,532 9,492,006 23,527 4,206,987 4,206,981 6 5,308,545 5,285,025 23,521 

 

Federal debt securities Securities held by Government accounts Securities held by the public 

End of fiscal 

year or month 

Amount 

outstanding 

face value 

(10) 

Net 

unamortized 

premium 

and discount 

 (11) 

Accrual 

 amount 

(12) 

Amount 

outstanding 

face value 

(13) 

Net 

unamortized 

premium 

and discount

(14) 

Accrual 

amount 

(15) 

Amount 

outstanding 

face value 

(16) 

Net 

unamortized 

premium 

and discount

(17) 

Accrual

amount

(18) 

 

2003 ............................... 6,809,272 50,551 6,758,722 2,859,275 13,860 2,845,414 3,949,997 36,691 3,913,307 

2004 ............................... 7,403,236 51,219 7,352,017 3,075,687 16,596 3,059,091 4,327,550 34,623 4,292,926 

2005 ............................... 7,956,346 53,546 7,902,800 3,331,333 18,145 3,313,188 4,625,013 35,401 4,589,612 

2006 ............................... 8,530,366 81,375 8,448,991 3,663,773 41,370 3,622,403 4,866,593 40,005 4,826,588 

2007 ............................... 9,030,612 82,078 8,948,534 3,958,417 42,796 3,915,621 5,072,195 39,282 5,032,913 

 

2007 - June .................... 8,890,838 83,960 8,806,879 3,924,650 44,942 3,879,708 4,966,188 39,018 4,927,171 

July..................... 8,955,724 82,802 8,872,923 3,928,865 43,682 3,885,183 5,026,859 39,120 4,987,740 

Aug..................... 9,028,649 83,233 8,945,416 3,908,720 42,781 3,865,939 5,119,929 40,452 5,079,477 

Sept.................... 9,030,612 82,078 8,948,534 3,958,417 42,796 3,915,621 5,072,195 39,282 5,032,913 

Oct...................... 9,102,096 80,082 9,022,015 4,012,039 41,814 3,970,225 5,090,057 38,268 5,051,790 

Nov..................... 9,172,438 78,705 9,093,733 4,002,846 40,417 3,962,430 5,169,592 38,288 5,131,303 

Dec..................... 9,252,317 79,511 9,172,806 4,092,890 42,422 4,050,468 5,159,427 37,089 5,122,338 

2008 - Jan ...................... 9,261,110 77,244 9,183,866 4,105,795 40,603 4,065,192 5,155,315 36,641 5,118,674 

Feb ..................... 9,381,029 77,682 9,303,347 4,098,349 41,264 4,057,086 5,282,680 36,418 5,246,261 

Mar ..................... 9,461,058 74,722 9,386,336 4,103,552 39,782 4,063,771 5,357,506 34,940 5,322,565 

Apr...................... 9,400,719 74,042 9,326,677 4,133,040 40,427 4,092,613 5,267,679 33,615 5,234,064 

May .................... 9,411,969 60,000 9,351,969 4,110,207 26,016 4,084,192 5,301,762 33,984 5,267,777 

June ................... 9,515,532 59,733 9,455,799 4,206,987 25,332 4,181,655 5,308,545 34,401 5,274,145 

 
FEDERAL DEBT 

September 2008

22 

 Nonmarketable, con. 

End of fiscal 

year or month 

U.S. savings 

securities 

(8) 

Depositary 

compensation 

securities 

(9) 

Foreign series 

(10) 

Government 

account series 

(11) 

State and local 

government series 

(12) 

Domestic 

series 

(13) 

Other 

(14) 

 

2003 ....................................... 201,561 14,991 11,007 53,463 148,366 29,995 4,377 

2004 ....................................... 204,201 - 5,881 58,528 158,214 29,995 4,669 

2005 ....................................... 203,645 - 3,086 67,961 225,283 29,995 5,214 

2006 ....................................... 203,656 - 2,986 78,129 238,835 29,995 5,715 

2007 ....................................... 197,126 - 2,986 88,153 296,513 29,995 6,126 

 

2007 - June ............................ 198,648 - 2,986 84,217 301,624 29,995 6,050 

July............................. 198,094 - 2,986 85,264 297,699 29,995 6,016 

Aug............................. 197,426 - 2,986 87,585 296,590 29,995 6,009 

Sept............................ 197,126 - 2,986 88,153 296,513 29,995 6,126 

Oct.............................. 196,871 - 2,986 89,213 297,300 29,995 5,828 

Nov............................. 196,649 - 2,986 90,634 296,943 29,995 5,845 

Dec............................. 196,452 - 2,986 91,189 293,239 29,995 5,648 

2008 - Jan .............................. 195,690 - 5,886 95,757 286,451 29,995 5,392 

Feb ............................. 195,583 - 5,286 97,088 284,921 29,995 5,247 

Mar ............................. 195,425 - 4,886 99,903 286,344 29,995 4,897 

Apr.............................. 195,327 - 4,886 100,366 286,818 29,995 4,326 

May ............................ 195,225 - 3,286 100,448 280,017 29,995 4,265 

June ........................... 195,003 - 3,086 100,989 275,203 29,995 4,214 

 

 

TABLE FD-2.—Debt Held by the Public

[In millions of dollars. Source: “Monthly Statement of the Public Debt of the United States”] 

Marketable 

End of fiscal 

year or month 

Total public debt 

securities 

outstanding 

(1) 

Total 

(2) 

 Bills 

 (3) 

Notes 

(4) 

Bonds 

(5) 

Treasury 

inflation-protected 

securities 

(6) 

Nonmarketable 

Total 

(7) 

 

2003 .................................. 3,924,090 3,460,330 918,196 1,799,424 576,590 166,120 463,760 

2004 .................................. 4,307,345 3,845,855 961,449 2,109,494 551,904 223,008 461,490 

2005 .................................. 4,601,239 4,066,053 910,323 2,328,213 520,507 307,011 535,186 

2006 .................................. 4,843,121 4,283,804 908,474 2,445,307 534,473 395,550 559,317 

2007 .................................. 5,049,306 4,428,405 954,607 2,456,100 560,922 456,776 620,900 

 

2007 - June ....................... 4,943,090 4,319,570 865,668 2,469,083 547,131 437,688 623,520 

July........................ 5,003,717 4,383,662 888,747 2,491,975 547,033 455,907 620,054 

Aug........................ 5,096,938 4,476,346 1,010,426 2,448,153 560,908 456,858 620,592 

Sept....................... 5,049,306 4,428,405 954,607 2,456,100 560,922 456,776 620,900 

Oct......................... 5,067,079 4,444,884 934,092 2,480,546 560,937 469,310 622,194 

Nov........................ 5,146,579 4,523,526 1,030,925 2,463,675 558,445 470,481 623,054 

Dec........................ 5,136,303 4,516,792 999,547 2,487,368 558,447 471,430 619,510 

2008 - Jan ......................... 5,132,265 4,513,092 980,012 2,502,767 558,445 471,868 619,173 

Feb ........................ 5,259,804 4,641,684 1,120,975 2,477,293 571,736 471,680 618,120 

Mar ........................ 5,334,116 4,712,665 1,153,879 2,513,108 571,738 473,940 621,451 

Apr......................... 5,244,195 4,622,476 1,020,681 2,539,859 571,760 490,175 621,719 

May ....................... 5,278,699 4,665,461 1,114,547 2,475,730 580,983 494,202 613,238 

June ...................... 5,285,064 4,676,573 1,055,697 2,542,526 580,995 497,355 608,490 
FEDERAL DEBT 

September 2008 

23

End of fiscal 

year or month 

Federal Savings

and Loan 

Corporation, 

Resolution Fund

(11) 

Federal 

Supplementary Medical 

Insurance 

Trust Fund 

(12) 

Highway 

Trust Fund 

(13) 

National 

Service Life 

Insurance 

Fund 

(14) 

Postal 

Service Fund

(15) 

Railroad 

Retirement 

Account 

(16) 

Treasury 

deposit 

funds 

(17) 

Unemployment Trust 

Fund 

(18) 

Other 

(19) 

 

2003 ..................... 2,963 24,849 13,578 11,246 2,651 503 - 48,188 356,349 

2004 ..................... 3,013 17,439 10,212 10,949 1,283 627 - 45,239 406,004 

2005 ..................... 3,123 17,204 8,271 10,597 1,218 570 - 54,806 427,868 

2006 ..................... 3,029 33,061 10,998 10,189 4,233 477 - 66,213 484,104 

2007 ..................... 3,182 39,248 12,205 9,752 979 596 - 74,923 555,118 

 

2007 - June .......... 3,140 34,802 15,002 10,018 1,937 432 - 75,135 551,613 

 July........... 3,153 39,308 14,412 9,936 1,913 578 - 73,723 550,842 

 Aug........... 3,166 46,780 13,020 9,845 3,389 603 - 77,160 552,359 

 Sept.......... 3,182 39,248 12,205 9,752 979 596 - 74,923 555,118 

 Oct............. 3,184 39,160 10,413 9,674 600 515 - 73,501 617,899 

 Nov........... 3,212 36,613 11,306 9,603 600 547 - 74,839 614,921 

 Dec........... 3,257 42,716 11,247 9,810 1,200 356 - 73,563 614,858 

2008 - Jan ............ 3,266 43,358 11,606 9,722 1,000 487 - 70,471 617,922 

 Feb ........... 3,273 40,010 12,319 9,626 1,000 636 - 70,538 619,501 

 Mar ........... 3,278 46,939 11,578 9,530 1,000 489 - 66,964 619,613 

 Apr............ 3,303 47,217 13,055 9,437 1,000 522 - 66,208 620,206 

 May .......... 3,298 42,827 10,659 9,355 1,200 463 - 79,931 602,364 

 June ......... 3,304 50,137 9,979 9,535 1,200 451 - 79,108 602,547 

 

Note.—Detail may not add to totals due to rounding. 

TABLE FD-3.—Government Account Series

[In millions of dollars. Source: “Monthly Statement of the Public Debt of the United States”] 

End of fiscal 

year or month 

Total 

(1) 

Airport and 

Airway 

Trust Fund 

(2) 

Deposit 

Insurance 

Fund 

(3) 

Employees 

Life Insurance 

Fund 

(4) 

Exchange 

Stabilization 

Fund 

(5) 

Federal 

Disability 

Insurance 

Trust Fund

(6) 

Federal 

employees 

retirement 

funds 

(7) 

Federal 

Hospital 

Insurance 

Trust Fund 

(8) 

Federal 

Housing 

Administration 

(9) 

Federal 

Old-Age and 

Survivors 

Insurance Trust

Fund 

(10) 

 

2003 .............. 2,912,216 10,518 31,054 26,778 10,502 170,762 613,718 251,307 23,823 1,313,427 

2004 .............. 3,129,990 9,892 32,089 28,107 10,319 182,769 631,749 264,375 23,325 1,452,599 

2005 .............. 3,380,605 10,047 32,733 29,485 15,238 193,263 660,109 277,268 22,646 1,616,159 

2006 .............. 3,722,747 7,893 46,216 31,282 15,711 202,178 689,812 302,186 22,036 1,793,129 

2007 .............. 4,026,772 7,931 47,515 32,965 16,436 213,830 702,043 319,377 22,410 1,968,262 

 

2007 - June ... 3,989,271 10,363 46,353 32,671 16,254 210,795 681,009 318,504 22,127 1,959,116 

 July .... 3,994,227 9,973 47,025 32,731 16,328 209,866 677,734 319,869 22,147 1,964,689 

 Aug .... 3,976,442 9,780 47,440 32,929 16,394 205,677 674,415 312,288 22,387 1,948,810 

 Sept... 4,026,772 7,931 47,515 32,965 16,436 213,830 702,043 319,377 22,410 1,968,262 

 Oct...... 4,081,375 9,011 46,553 32,954 16,506 212,262 698,445 317,308 22,546 1,970,844 

 Nov.... 4,073,662 9,486 47,038 33,456 16,546 211,077 695,386 313,908 22,709 1,972,416 

 Dec.... 4,164,266 10,357 47,562 33,517 16,603 215,046 710,949 326,096 22,737 2,024,392 

2008 - Jan ..... 4,181,707 9,073 47,723 33,561 16,650 215,942 707,547 328,005 22,758 2,042,616 

 Feb .... 4,175,632 9,676 48,222 33,742 16,672 214,979 703,967 321,962 23,019 2,046,490 

 Mar .... 4,183,685 9,696 48,441 33,753 16,699 214,556 699,976 323,477 23,132 2,054,564 

 Apr..... 4,213,642 9,892 48,579 33,765 16,729 216,189 696,704 330,969 23,104 2,076,763 

 May ... 4,190,825 9,405 47,860 34,184 16,746 215,358 693,556 323,086 18,725 2,081,808 

 June .. 4,288,079 7,361 47,778 34,205 16,776 220,133 708,884 337,668 18,770 2,140,243 

 
FEDERAL DEBT 

September 2008

24 

TABLE FD-4.—Interest-Bearing Securities Issued by Government Agencies

[In millions of dollars. Source: “Monthly Treasury Statement of Receipts and Outlays of the United States Government”] 

End of fiscal 

year or month 

Total 

outstanding 

(1) 

Department of 

Housing and 

Urban 

Development 

Federal Housing 

Administration 

(2) 

Farm Credit 

System Financial 

Assistance 

Corporation 

(3) 

Other 

independent

Tennessee 

Valley Authority 

(4) 

National Archives 

and Records 

Administration 

(5) 

Other 

(6) 

 

2003 ............................ 25,952 279 325 24,876 251 221 

2004 ............................ 24,183 200 325 23,253 243 163 

2005 ............................ 23,637 146 - 23,097 235 159 

2006 ............................ 23,392 112 - 22,899 225 156 

2007 ............................ 22,959 85 - 22,506 215 153 

 

2007 - June ................. 23,162 86 - 22,698 220 158 

July.................. 23,287 84 - 22,823 220 159 

Aug.................. 23,001 83 - 22,551 215 152 

Sept................. 22,959 85 - 22,506 215 153 

Oct................... 23,011 83 - 22,559 215 153 

Nov.................. 23,097 84 - 22,644 215 154 

Dec................... 23,145 84 - 22,690 215 156 

2008 - Jan ................... 23,102 68 - 22,662 215 157 

Feb ................... 22,978 69 - 22,550 210 149 

Mar ................... 23,464 69 - 23,035 210 150 

Apr.................... 23,163 66 - 22,735 210 151 

May................... 23,170 67 - 22,741 210 152 

June.................. 23,527 65 - 23,101 210 151 

 

 

Note.—Detail may not add to totals due to rounding. 
FEDERAL DEBT 

September 2008 

25

TABLE FD-5.—Maturity Distribution and Average Length of Marketable 

Interest-Bearing Public Debt Held by Private Investors

[In millions of dollars. Source: Office of Debt Management, Office of the Under Secretary for Domestic Finance] 

Maturity classes 

End of fiscal 

year or month 

Amount outstanding 

privately held 

(1) 

Within 

1 year 

(2) 

1-5 years 

(3) 

5-10 years 

(4) 

10-20 years 

(5) 

20 years 

or more 

(6) 

Average length 

(7) 

 

2003 ............................... 2,804,092 1,057,049 955,239 351,552 243,755 196,497 5 yrs. 1 mo. 

2004 ............................... 3,145,244 1,127,850 1,150,979 414,728 243,036 208,652 4 yrs. 11 mos. 

2005 ............................... 3,334,411 1,100,783 1,279,646 499,386 281,229 173,367 4 yrs. 10 mos. 

2006 ............................... 3,496,359 1,140,553 1,295,589 589,748 290,733 179,736 4 yrs. 11 mos. 

2007 ............................... 3,634,666 1,176,510 1,309,871 677,905 291,963 178,417 4 yrs. 10 mos. 

 

2007 - June .................... 3,514,691 1,075,672 1,296,936 679,143 286,376 176,564 4 yrs. 11 mos. 

July ..................... 3,598,529 1,102,053 1,349,349 677,402 292,887 176,838 4 yrs. 11 mos. 

Aug ..................... 3,702,458 1,215,692 1,333,432 682,935 291,975 178,425 4 yrs. 10 mos. 

Sept.................... 3,634,666 1,176,510 1,309,871 677,905 291,963 178,417 4 yrs. 10 mos. 

Oct...................... 3,671,046 1,171,587 1,332,632 696,633 291,857 178,337 4 yrs. 10 mos. 

Nov ..................... 3,749,458 1,272,770 1,309,028 692,196 310,684 164,780 4 yrs. 9 mos. 

Dec ..................... 3,781,877 1,295,981 1,309,642 700,562 310,814 164,878 4 yrs. 9 mos. 

2008 - Jan ...................... 3,805,408 1,315,046 1,295,456 710,580 319,185 165,140 4 yrs. 9 mos. 

Feb ..................... 3,933,939 1,451,105 1,294,886 691,672 319,156 174,120 4 yrs. 8 mos. 

Mar ..................... 4,127,033 1,607,155 1,323,534 702,527 319,481 174,336 4 yrs. 5 mos. 

Apr...................... 4,079,776 1,509,658 1,366,837 709,124 338,330 155,827 4 yrs. 6 mos. 

May..................... 4,162,323 1,618,739 1,329,756 718,171 333,602 162,056 4 yrs. 6 mos. 

June.................... 4,203,532 1,580,568 1,396,177 730,327 334,145 162,224 4 yrs. 6 mos. 

 

Note.—Detail may not add to totals due to rounding. 
FEDERAL DEBT 

September 2008

26 

TABLE FD-6.—Debt Subject to Statutory Limit

[In millions of dollars. Source: “Monthly Statement of the Public Debt of the United States”] 

Debt subject to limit Securities outstanding 

End of fiscal 

year or month 

Statutory debt 

limit 

(1) 

Total 

(2) 

Public debt 

(3) 

Other debt 1 

(4) 

Public debt 

(5) 

Other debt 

(6) 

Securities 

not subject 

to limit 

(7) 

 

2003 ................................................ 7,384,000 6,737,553 6,737,288 265 6,783,231 265 45,943 

2004 ................................................ 7,384,000 7,333,350 7,333,166 184 7,379,053 184 45,887 

2005 ................................................ 8,184,000 7,871,040 7,870,911 130 7,932,710 130 61,799 

2006 ................................................ 8,965,000 8,420,278 8,420,183 96 8,506,974 96 86,792 

2007 ................................................ 9,815,000 8,921,343 8,921,274 69 9,007,653 69 86,379 

 

2007 - June ..................................... 8,965,000 8,779,168 8,779,098 70 8,867,675 70 88,577 

July ...................................... 8,965,000 8,845,417 8,845,348 68 8,932,438 68 87,090 

Aug ...................................... 8,965,000 8,918,493 8,918,425 67 9,005,649 67 87,224 

Sept..................................... 9,815,000 8,921,343 8,921,274 69 9,007,653 69 86,379 

Oct....................................... 9,815,000 8,994,639 8,994,570 68 9,079,086 68 84,516 

Nov ...................................... 9,815,000 9,065,827 9,065,758 69 9,149,341 69 83,583 

Dec ...................................... 9,815,000 9,144,715 9,144,647 68 9,229,173 68 84,525 

2008 - Jan ....................................... 9,815,000 9,155,842 9,155,791 52 9,238,008 52 82,218 

Feb ...................................... 9,815,000 9,275,683 9,275,631 53 9,358,051 53 82,421 

Mar ...................................... 9,815,000 9,358,135 9,358,082 53 9,437,594 53 79,512 

Apr....................................... 9,815,000 9,298,567 9,298,517 50 9,377,557 50 79,041 

May...................................... 9,815,000 9,324,137 9,324,086 51 9,388,799 51 64,714 

June..................................... 9,815,000 9,427,901 9,427,850 51 9,492,006 51 64,156 

 

1 Consists of guaranteed debt issued by the Federal Housing Administration. 
FEDERAL DEBT 

September 2008 

27

TABLE FD-7.—Treasury Holdings of Securities Issued 

by Government Corporations and Other Agencies

[In millions of dollars. Source: “Monthly Treasury Statement of Receipts and Outlays of the United States Government”] 

 Department of Agriculture 

End of fiscal 

year or month 

Total 

(1) 

Farm-Service 

Agency 

(2) 

Rural Utilities 

Service 

(3) 

Rural Housing 

and Community 

Development Service 

(4) 

Rural Business 

and Cooperative 

Development 

Service 

(5) 

Foreign 

Agricultural 

Service 

(6) 

 

2003 ................................................ 224,472 24,858 15,291 11,498 379 1,321 

2004 ................................................ 213,321 15,956 16,560 11,937 474 1,897 

2005 ................................................ 211,763 26,851 18,489 12,608 461 1,979 

2006 ................................................ 228,065 22,578 20,432 12,911 485 1,358 

2007 ................................................ 219,079 10,662 22,803 13,803 420 1,448 

 

2007 - June ..................................... 234,174 14,291 22,217 14,026 507 1,448 

July...................................... 234,676 13,645 22,251 14,031 507 1,448 

Aug...................................... 232,552 12,796 22,695 14,307 518 1,448 

Sept..................................... 219,079 10,662 22,803 13,803 420 1,448 

Oct....................................... 228,388 17,653 22,803 13,803 420 1,448 

Nov...................................... 232,107 20,533 23,247 14,053 428 1,448 

Dec...................................... 224,572 10,918 23,084 14,198 431 1,448 

2008 - Jan ....................................... 229,879 12,614 23,331 14,321 435 1,448 

Feb ...................................... 231,100 12,808 23,538 14,475 439 1,448 

Mar ...................................... 230,254 12,820 23,447 14,354 440 1,448 

Apr....................................... 229,880 12,287 23,613 14,478 442 1,448 

May ..................................... 233,312 11,960 23,878 14,621 444 1,448 

June .................................... 229,296 11,555 23,959 14,624 447 1,448 

 

 Department 

 of Energy 

Department of Housing 

 and Urban Development 

Department 

of the Treasury 

End of fiscal 

year or month 

Department of 

Education 

(7) 

 Bonneville Power 

 Administration 

 (8) 

 Federal Housing 

 Administration 

 (9) 

Other Housing 

programs 

(10) 

Federal 

Financing Bank 

(11) 

 

2003 ................................................ 91,938 2,698 8,794 2,640 36,657 

2004 ................................................ 96,530 2,900 7,635 1,203 29,305 

2005 ................................................ 104,471 2,777 7,548 239 12,413 

2006 ................................................ 105,522 2,482 6,258 - 16,618 

2007 ................................................ 103,973 2,241 4,573 - 17,609 

 

2007 - June ..................................... 116,974 2,462 6,258 - 15,273 

July...................................... 118,159 2,412 6,258 - 14,696 

Aug...................................... 114,432 2,301 6,258 - 15,757 

Sept..................................... 103,973 2,241 4,573 - 17,609 

Oct....................................... 107,801 2,241 4,573 - 15,836 

Nov...................................... 107,801 2,221 4,573 - 16,194 

Dec...................................... 109,587 2,221 4,573 - 16,284 

2008 - Jan ....................................... 113,250 2,201 4,573 - 15,418 

Feb...................................... 113,250 2,201 4,573 - 15,090 

Mar...................................... 115,120 2,201 4,573 - 14,430 

Apr ...................................... 115,120 2,100 4,573 - 13,746 

May ..................................... 115,894 2,200 4,573 - 14,913 

June .................................... 116,026 2,200 4,573 - 15,156 

 
FEDERAL DEBT 

September 2008

28 

TABLE FD-7.—Treasury Holdings of Securities Issued by Government 

Corporations and Other Agencies, con. 

[In millions of dollars. Source: “Monthly Treasury Statement of Receipts and Outlays of the United States Government”] 

End of fiscal 

year or month 

Export-Import 

Bank of the 

United States 

(12) 

Railroad 

Retirement 

Board 

(13) 

Small Business 

Administration 

(14) 

Other 

(15) 

 

2003 ...................................... 7,281 2,954 6,627 11,538 

2004 ...................................... 7,237 2,962 8,546 10,179 

2005 ...................................... 5,848 2,973 7,695 7,411 

2006 ...................................... 4,911 2,958 9,303 22,249 

2007 ...................................... 4,364 2,945 11,366 22,872 

 

2007 - June ........................... 4,364 2,120 10,863 23,371 

July............................ 4,364 2,407 10,866 23,632 

Aug............................ 4,364 2,660 11,366 23,652 

Sept........................... 4,364 2,945 11,366 22,872 

Oct............................. 4,364 3,229 11,366 22,851 

Nov............................ 4,364 3,482 11,366 22,399 

Dec............................ 4,364 3,768 11,366 22,331 

2008 - Jan ............................. 4,364 4,064 11,366 22,495 

Feb ............................ 4,364 4,312 11,901 22,701 

Mar ............................ 4,364 4,597 9,133 23,327 

Apr............................. 4,364 4,881 9,133 23,696 

May ........................... 4,364 5,149 9,138 24,728 

June .......................... 3,552 2,221 9,138 24,397 

 

Note.—Detail may not add to totals due to rounding. 
 September 2008 

29

INTRODUCTION: Public Debt Operations

Chapter 31 of Title 31 of the United States Code allows 

the Secretary of Treasury to borrow money by issuing 

Treasury securities. The Secretary determines the terms and 

conditions of issue, conversion, maturity, payment, and 

interest rate. New issues of Treasury notes mature in 2 to 10 

years. Bonds mature in more than 10 years from the issue 

date. Each outstanding marketable security is listed in the 

“Monthly Statement of the Public Debt of the United States.” 

The information in this section of the “Treasury Bulletin” 

pertains only to marketable Treasury securities. 

• Table PDO-1 presents the results of weekly auctions 

of 4-, 13-, and 26-week bills. Treasury bills mature each 

Thursday. Issues of 4- and 13-week bills are reopenings of 

26-week bills. High yields on accepted tenders and the dollar 

value of total bids are presented, with the dollar value of 

awards made on both competitive and noncompetitive bases. 

To encourage the participation of individuals and smaller 

institutions, Treasury accepts noncompetitive tenders of up to 

$5 million for bills and $5 million for notes and bonds in each 

auction of securities. 

• Table PDO-2 lists the results of auctions of 

marketable securities, other than weekly bills, in 

chronological order over the past 2 years. Issues of cash 

management bills also are presented. 

Note: Additional information, including maturity 

schedules of interest-bearing marketable public debt securities 

other than regular weekly and 52-week Treasury bills 

outstanding, can now be found on the Bureau of Public Debt’s 

website at http://www.treasurydirect.gov/govt/ reports/pd/pd_ 

pdotables_downloadable_files.htm. 

Note: On April 30, 2008, Treasury announced the 

reintroduction of the 52-week bill. The first auction of this 

security took place on June 3, 2008. 

TREASURY FINANCING: APRIL-JUNE 

[Source: Bureau of the Public Debt, Office of Financing] 

A P R I L 

Cash Management Bills 

On March 26, 2008, Treasury announced it would 

auction $26,000 million of 15-day bills. They were issued 

April 1 and matured April 16. The issue was to raise new 

cash. Treasury auctioned the bills on March 27. Tenders 

totaled $75,095 million; Treasury accepted $26,001 million. 

The high bank discount rate was 1.800 percent. 

On April 7, Treasury announced it would auction 

$25,000 million of 5-day bills. They were issued April 10 

and matured April 15. The issue was to raise new cash. 

Treasury auctioned the bills on April 8. Tenders totaled 

$69,631 million; Treasury accepted $25,000 million. The 

high bank discount rate was 2.290 percent. 

On April 14, Treasury announced it would auction 

$20,000 million of 6-day bills. They were issued April 16 

and matured April 22. The issue was to raise new cash. 

Treasury auctioned the bills on April 15. Tenders totaled 

$51,929 million; Treasury accepted $20,000 million. The 

high bank discount rate was 2.000 percent. 

Auction of 9-Year 9-Month 1-5/8 Percent Treasury 

Inflation-Protected Security (TIPS) 

On April 7, 2008, Treasury announced it would auction 

$6,000 million of 9-year 9-month TIPS to raise new cash of 

approximately $6,000 million. 

The 9-year 9-month TIPS of Series A-2018 were dated 

January 15 and issued April 15. They are due January 15, 

2018, with interest payable on July 15 and January 15 until 

maturity. 

Treasury received tenders for the TIPS before 12:00 noon 

eastern daylight saving time (e.d.s.t.) for noncompetitive 

tenders and before 1:00 p.m. e.d.s.t. for competitive tenders on 

April 10. Tenders totaled $12,640 million; Treasury accepted 

$6,000 million. All noncompetitive and successful 

competitive bidders were allotted securities at the high yield 

of 1.250 percent with an equivalent adjusted price of 

$104.353623. Treasury accepted in full all competitive tenders 

at yields lower than 1.250. Tenders at the high yield were 

allotted 71.42 percent. The median yield was 1.200 percent, 

and the low yield was 1.150 percent. Noncompetitive tenders 

totaled $57 million. Competitive tenders accepted from 

private investors totaled $5,843 million. Adjusted accrued 

interest of 4.09874 per $1,000 must be paid for the period 

from January 15 to April 15. Both the unadjusted price of 

$103.431018 and the unadjusted accrued interest of $4.06250 

were adjusted by an index ratio of 1.00892, for the period 
30 PUBLIC DEBT OPERATIONS 

TREASURY FINANCING: APRIL-JUNE, con. 

September 2008 

from January 15 to April 15. The minimum par amount 

required for STRIPS of TIPS of Series A-2018 is $100. 

Auction of 5-Year TIPS 

On April 17, 2008, Treasury announced it would auction 

$8,000 million of 5-year TIPS. The issue was to refund 

$21,609 million of securities maturing April 30 and to raise 

new cash of approximately $35,391 million. 

The 5-year TIPS of Series J-2013 were dated April 15 

and issued April 30. They are due April 15, 2013, with interest 

payable on October 15 and April 15 until maturity. Treasury 

set an interest rate of 0-5/8 percent after determining which 

tenders were accepted on a yield auction basis. 

Treasury received tenders for the TIPS before 12:00 noon 

e.d.s.t. for noncompetitive tenders and before 1:00 p.m. e.d.s.t. 

for competitive tenders on April 22. Tenders totaled $17,600 

million; Treasury accepted $8,000 million. All 

noncompetitive and successful competitive bidders were

allotted securities at the high yield of 0.745 percent with an 

equivalent adjusted price of $99.560900. Treasury accepted in 

full all competitive tenders at yields lower than 0.745 percent. 

Tenders at the high yield were allotted 99.07 percent. The 

median yield was 0.710 percent, and the low yield was 0.500 

percent. Noncompetitive tenders totaled $111 million. 

Competitive tenders accepted from private investors totaled 

$7,889 million. Adjusted accrued interest of $0.25652 per 

$1,000 must be paid for the period from April 15 to April 30. 

Both the unadjusted price of $99.416746 and the unadjusted 

accrued interest of $0.25615 were adjusted by an index ratio 

of 1.00145, for the period from April 15 to April 30. 

In addition to the $8,000 million of tenders accepted in 

the auction process, Treasury accepted $734 million from 

FRBs for their own accounts. The minimum par amount 

required for STRIPS of TIPS of Series J-2013 is $100. 

Auction of 2-Year Notes 

On April 21, 2008, Treasury announced it would auction 

$30,000 million of 2-year notes of Series X-2010. The issue 

was to refund $21,609 million of securities maturing April 30 

and to raise new cash of approximately $35,391 million. 

The notes of Series X-2010 were dated and issued April 

30. They are due April 30, 2010, with interest payable on 

October 31 and April 30 until maturity. Treasury set an 

interest rate of 2-1/8 percent after determining which tenders 

were accepted on a yield auction basis. 

Treasury received tenders for the notes before 12:00 noon 

e.d.s.t. for noncompetitive tenders and before 1:00 p.m. e.d.s.t. 

for competitive tenders on April 23. Tenders totaled $66,232 

million; Treasury accepted $30,000 million. All 

noncompetitive and successful competitive bidders were 

allotted securities at the high yield of 2.225 percent with the 

equivalent price of $99.805441. Treasury accepted in full all 

competitive tenders at yields lower than 2.225 percent. 

Tenders at the high yield were allotted 50.99 percent. The 

median yield was 2.190 percent, and the low yield was 2.147 

percent. Noncompetitive tenders totaled $546 million. 

Competitive tenders accepted from private investors totaled 

$29,429 million. 

In addition to the $30,000 million of tenders accepted in 

the auction process, Treasury accepted $2,752 million from 

FRBs for their own accounts. The minimum par amount 

required for STRIPS of notes of Series X-2010 is $100. 

Auction of 5-Year Notes 

On April 21, 2008, Treasury announced it would auction 

$19,000 million of 5-year notes of Series K-2013. The issue 

was to refund $21,609 million of securities maturing April 30 

and to raise new cash of approximately $35,391 million. 

The notes of Series K-2013 were dated and issued April 

30. They are due April 30, 2013, with interest payable on 

October 31 and April 30 until maturity. Treasury set an 

interest rate of 3-1/8 percent after determining which tenders 

were accepted on a yield auction basis. 

Treasury received tenders for the notes before 12:00 noon 

e.d.s.t. for noncompetitive tenders and before 1:00 p.m. e.d.s.t. 

for competitive tenders on April 24. Tenders totaled $31,381 

million; Treasury accepted $19,000 million. All 

noncompetitive and successful competitive bidders were 

allotted securities at the high yield of 3.159 percent with an 

equivalent price of $99.843881. Treasury accepted in full all 

competitive tenders at yields lower than 3.159 percent. 

Tenders at the high yield were allotted 83.87 percent. The 

median yield was 3.090 percent, and the low yield was 3.020 

percent. Noncompetitive tenders totaled $49 million. 

Competitive tenders accepted from private investors totaled 

$18,926 million. 

In addition to the $19,000 million of tenders accepted in 

the auction process, Treasury accepted $1,743 million from 

FRBs for their own accounts. The minimum par amount 

required for STRIPS of notes of Series K-2013 is $100. 

M A Y 

Cash Management Bills 

On May 12, 2008, Treasury announced it would auction 

$32,000 million of 126-day bills. They were issued May 15 

and mature September 18. The issue was to raise new cash. 

Treasury auctioned the bills on May 14. Tenders totaled 

$104,422 million; Treasury accepted $32,000 million. The 

high bank discount rate was 1.865 percent. 
PUBLIC DEBT OPERATIONS 

TREASURY FINANCING: APRIL-JUNE, con. 

 September 2008 

31

On May 15, Treasury announced it would auction 

$18,000 million of 30-day bills. They were issued May 20 and 

matured June 19. The issue was to raise new cash. Treasury 

auctioned the bills on May 19. Tenders totaled $59,592 

million; Treasury accepted $18,000 million. The high bank 

discount rate was 1.990 percent. 

On May 27, Treasury announced it would auction 

$19,000 million of 17-day bills. They were issued May 30 and 

matured June 16. The issue was to raise new cash. Treasury 

auctioned the bills on May 29. Tenders totaled $59,437 

million; Treasury accepted $19,000 million. The high bank 

discount rate was 2.150 percent. 

May Quarterly Financing 

On April 30, 2008, Treasury announced it would auction 

$15,000 million of 10-year notes of Series C-2018 and $6,000 

million of 29-year 9-month 4-3/8 percent Bonds of February 

2038 to refund $74,004 million of Treasury securities 

maturing on May 15 and to pay down approximately $53,004 

million. 

The 10-year notes of Series C-2018 were dated and 

issued May 15. They are due May 15, 2018, with interest 

payable on November 15 and May 15 until maturity. Treasury 

set an interest rate of 3-7/8 percent after determining which 

tenders were accepted on a yield auction basis. 

Treasury received tenders for the notes before 12:00 noon 

e.d.s.t. for noncompetitive tenders and before 1:00 p.m. e.d.s.t. 

for competitive tenders on May 7. Tenders totaled $33,084 

million; Treasury accepted $15,000 million. All 

noncompetitive and successful competitive bidders were 

allotted securities at the high yield of 3.937 percent with an 

equivalent price of $99.491561. Treasury accepted in full all 

competitive tenders at yields lower than 3.937 percent. 

Tenders at the high yield were allotted 39.63 percent. The 

median yield was 3.883 percent, and the low yield was 3.820 

percent. Noncompetitive tenders totaled $149 million. 

Competitive tenders accepted from private investors totaled 

$14,726 million. 

In addition to the $15,000 million of tenders accepted in 

the auction process, Treasury accepted $8,077 million from 

FRBs for their own accounts. The minimum par amount 

required for STRIPS of notes of Series C-2018 is $100. 

The 29-year 9-month 4-3/8 percent Bonds of February 

2038 were dated February 15 and issued May 15. They are 

due February 15, 2038, with interest payable on August 15 

and February 15 until maturity. 

Treasury received tenders for the notes before 12:00 

noon e.d.s.t. for noncompetitive tenders and before 1:00 

p.m. e.d.s.t. for competitive tenders on May 8. Tenders 

totaled $16,167 million; Treasury accepted $6,000 million. 

All noncompetitive and successful competitive bidders were 

allotted securities at the high yield of 4.599 percent with an 

equivalent price of $96.375954. Treasury accepted in full all 

competitive tenders at yields lower than 4.599 percent. 

Tenders at the high yield were allotted 21.13 percent. The 

median yield was 4.564 percent, and the low yield was 4.500 

percent. Noncompetitive tenders totaled $27 million. 

Competitive tenders accepted from private investors totaled 

$5,973 million. Accrued interest of $10.81731 per $1,000 

must be paid for the period from February 15 to May 15. 

In addition to the $6,000 million of tenders accepted in 

the auction process, Treasury accepted $3,231 million from 

FRBs for their own accounts. The minimum par amount 

required for STRIPS of bonds of February 2038 is $100. 

J U N E 

Cash Management Bills 

On June 9, 2008, Treasury announced it would auction 

$22,000 million of 5-day bills. They were issued June 11 and 

matured June 16. The issue was to raise new cash. Treasury 

auctioned the bills on June 10. Tenders totaled $52,601 

million; Treasury accepted $22,000 million. The high bank 

discount rate was 2.190 percent. 

Auction of 2-Year Notes 

On May 22, 2008, Treasury announced it would auction 

$30,000 million of 2-year notes of Series Y-2010. The issue 

was to refund $22,004 million of securities maturing May 31 

and to raise new cash of approximately $26,996 million. 

The notes of Series Y-2010 were dated May 31 and 

issued June 2. They are due May 31, 2010, with interest 

payable on November 30 and May 31 until maturity. Treasury 

set an interest rate of 2-5/8 percent after determining which 

tenders were accepted on a yield auction basis. 

Treasury received tenders for the notes before 12:00 noon 

e.d.s.t. for noncompetitive tenders and before 1:00 p.m. e.d.s.t. 

for competitive tenders on May 28. Tenders totaled $68,322 

million; Treasury accepted $30,000 million. All 

noncompetitive and successful competitive bidders were 

allotted securities at the high yield of 2.640 percent with an 

equivalent price of $99.970857. Treasury accepted in full all 

competitive tenders at yields lower than 2.640 percent. 

Tenders at the high yield were allotted 21.12 percent. The 

median yield was 2.590 percent, and the low yield was 2.550 

percent. Noncompetitive tenders totaled $767 million. 

Competitive tenders accepted from private investors totaled 

$29,208 million. Accrued interest of $0.14344 per $1,000 

must be paid for the period from May 31 to June 2. 
32 PUBLIC DEBT OPERATIONS 

TREASURY FINANCING: APRIL-JUNE, con. 

September 2008 

In addition to the $30,000 million of tenders accepted in 

the auction process, Treasury accepted $2,405 million from 

FRBs for their own accounts. The minimum par amount 

required for STRIPS of notes of Series Y-2010 is $100. 

Auction of 5-Year Notes 

On May 22, 2008, Treasury announced it would auction 

$19,000 million of 5-year notes of Series L-2013. The issue 

was to refund $22,004 million of securities maturing May 31 

and to raise new cash of approximately $26,996 million. 

The notes of Series L-2013 were dated May 31 and 

issued June 2. They are due May 31, 2013, with interest 

payable on November 30 and May 31 until maturity. Treasury 

set an interest rate of 3-1/2 percent after determining which 

tenders were accepted on a yield auction basis. 

Treasury received tenders for the notes before 12:00 noon 

e.d.s.t. for noncompetitive tenders and before 1:00 p.m. e.d.s.t. 

for competitive tenders on May 29. Tenders totaled $34,915 

million; Treasury accepted $19,000 million. All 

noncompetitive and successful competitive bidders were 

allotted securities at the high yield of 3.520 percent with an 

equivalent price of $99.908798. Treasury accepted in full all 

competitive tenders at yields lower than 3.520 percent. 

Tenders at the high yield were allotted 86.36 percent. The 

median yield was 3.465 percent, and the low yield was 3.390 

percent. Noncompetitive tenders totaled $118 million. 

Competitive tenders accepted from private investors totaled 

$18,857 million. Accrued interest of $0.19126 per $1,000 

must be paid for the period from May 31 to June 2. 

In addition to the $19,000 million of tenders accepted in 

the auction process, Treasury accepted $1,523 million from 

FRBs for their own accounts. The minimum par amount 

required for STRIPS of notes of Series L-2013 is $100. 

52-Week Bills 

On May 29, 2008, Treasury announced it would auction 

$16,000 million of 364-day Treasury bills. They were issued 

June 5, 2008, and will mature June 4, 2009. The issue was to 

refund $76,000 million of all maturing bills and raise new 

cash of approximately $11,000 million. Treasury auctioned 

the bills on June 3. Tenders totaled $52,804 million; Treasury 

accepted $16,000 million. That included $76 million of 

noncompetitive tenders from the public. The high bank 

discount rate was 2.105 percent. 

Auction of 9-Year 11-Month 3-7/8 Percent Notes 

On June 9, 2008, Treasury announced that it would 

auction $11,000 million of 9-year 11-month 3-7/8 percent 

notes of Series C-2018. The issue was to raise new cash of 

approximately $11,000 million. 

The notes of Series C-2018 were dated May 15 and 

issued June 16. They are due May 15, 2018, with interest 

payable on November 15 and May 15 until maturity. 

Treasury received tenders for the notes before 12:00 noon 

e.d.s.t. for noncompetitive tenders and before 1:00 p.m. e.d.s.t. 

for competitive tenders on June 12. Tenders totaled $25,612 

million; Treasury accepted $11,000 million. All 

noncompetitive and successful competitive bidders were 

allotted securities at the high yield of 4.225 percent with an 

equivalent price of $97.183235. Treasury accepted in full all 

competitive tenders at yields lower than 4.225 percent.

Tenders at the high yield were allotted 3.21 percent. The 

median yield was 4.179 percent, and the low yield was 4.149 

percent. Noncompetitive tenders totaled $30 million. 

Competitive tenders accepted from private investors totaled 

$10,970 million. Accrued interest of $3.36957 per $1,000 

must be paid for the period from May 15 to June 16. The 

minimum par amount required for STRIPS of notes of Series 

C-2018 is $100. 

Auction of 2-Year Notes 

On June 19, 2008, Treasury announced it would auction 

$30,000 million of 2-year notes of Series Z-2010. The issue 

was to refund $21,138 million of securities maturing June 30 

and to raise new cash of approximately $28,862 million. 

The notes of Series Z-2010 were dated and issued June 

30. They are due June 30, 2010, with interest payable on 

December 31 and June 30 until maturity. Treasury set an 

interest rate of 2-7/8 percent after determining which tenders 

were accepted on a yield auction basis. 

Treasury received tenders for the notes before 12:00 noon 

e.d.s.t. for noncompetitive tenders and before 1:00 p.m. e.d.s.t. 

for competitive tenders on June 24. Tenders totaled $79,287 

million; Treasury accepted $30,000 million. All 

noncompetitive and successful competitive bidders were 

allotted securities at the high yield of 2.922 percent with an 

equivalent price of $99.909336. Treasury accepted in full all 

competitive tenders at yields lower than 2.922 percent. 

Tenders at the high yield were allotted 4.05 percent. The 

median yield was 2.899 percent, and the low yield was 2.850 

percent. Noncompetitive tenders totaled $696 million. 

Competitive tenders accepted from private investors totaled 

$29,277 million. 

In addition to the $30,000 million of tenders accepted in 

the auction process, Treasury accepted $3,216 million from 

FRBs for their own accounts. The minimum par amount 

required for STRIPS of notes of Series Z-2010 is $100. 
PUBLIC DEBT OPERATIONS 

TREASURY FINANCING: APRIL-JUNE, con. 

 September 2008 

33

Auction of 5-Year Notes 

On June 19, 2008, Treasury announced it would auction 

$20,000 million of 5-year notes of Series M-2013. The issue 

was to refund $21,138 million of securities maturing June 30 

and to raise new cash of approximately $28,862 million. 

The notes of Series M-2013 were dated and issued June 

30. They are due June 30, 2013, with interest payable on 

December 31 and June 30 until maturity. Treasury set an 

interest rate of 3-3/8 percent after determining which tenders 

were accepted on a yield auction basis. 

Treasury received tenders for the notes before 12:00 

noon e.d.s.t. for noncompetitive tenders and before 1:00 

p.m. e.d.s.t. for competitive tenders on June 26. Tenders 

totaled $49,590 million; Treasury accepted $20,000 

million. All noncompetitive and successful competitive 

bidders were allotted securities at the high yield of 3.440 

percent with an equivalent price of $99.703743. Treasury 

accepted in full all competitive tenders at yields lower than 

3.440 percent. Tenders at the high yield were allotted 83.47 

percent. The median yield was 3.409 percent, and the low 

yield was 3.350 percent. Noncompetitive tenders totaled $91 

million. Competitive tenders accepted from private investors 

totaled $19,884 million. 

In addition to the $20,000 million of tenders accepted in 

the auction process, Treasury accepted $2,144 million from 

FRBs for their own accounts. The minimum par amount 

required for STRIPS of notes of Series M-2013 is $100. 
PUBLIC DEBT OPERATIONS 

September 2008

34 

TABLE PDO-1.—Offerings of Regular Weekly Treasury Bills 

[In millions of dollars. Source: Bureau of the Public Debt, Office of Financing] 

 On total competitive bids accepted 

Description of new issue Amounts of bids accepted 

 Issue date 

Maturity date 

(1) 

Number 

of days to 

 maturity 1

(2) 

Amount

of bids 

 tendered 

(3) 

Total 

amount 2

(4) 

 On

 competitive

 basis 

 (5) 

 On non-

 competitive

 basis 3 

 (6) 

 High 

 price per 

 hundred 

 (7) 

 High 

 discount 

 rate 

 (percent) 

 (8) 

 High invest-

 ment rate

 (percent) 4

 (9) 

Regular weekly: 

(4 week, 13 week, and 26 week) 

2008 - Apr. 03 .................. 2008 - May 01 28 59,862.6 18,000.1 17,582.9 417.1 99.881778 1.520 1.543

July 03 91 55,529.6 24,000.0 22,349.8 1,538.2 99.636000 1.440 1.465

Oct. 02 182 52,299.6 21,000.0 19,556.4 1,243.6 99.241667 1.500 1.532

Apr. 10................. May 08 28 39,211.5 10,000.1 9,635.2 364.9 99.902000 1.260 1.279

 July 10 91 62,174.5 24,000.2 22,456.3 1,543.9 99.633472 1.450 1.476

 Oct. 09 182 50,038.3 21,000.1 19,644.8 1,155.3 99.191111 1.600 1.635

Apr. 17................. May 15 28 34,215.4 10,717.9 7,589.5 410.5 99.933889 0.850 0.862

 July 17 91 66,000.8 24,373.9 20,408.0 1,567.4 99.732056 1.060 1.078

 Oct. 16 182 51,524.5 22,518.0 18,304.1 1,203.9 99.302333 1.380 1.409

Apr. 24................. May 22 28 36,891.4 11,787.9 7,755.2 234.9 99.945556 0.700 0.710

 July 24 91 54,800.4 21,381.3 18,419.4 1,561.1 99.666333 1.320 1.343

 Oct. 23 182 41,588.7 22,052.9 18,537.5 1,207.5 99.150667 1.680 1.718

May 01................. May 29 28 49,783.5 14,000.0 13,440.0 313.7 99.902778 1.250 1.269

 July 31 91 58,367.9 20,000.0 17,604.1 1,613.4 99.641056 1.420 1.445

 Oct. 30 182 58,589.9 20,000.1 17,832.9 1,266.8 99.140556 1.700 1.739

May 08................. June 05 28 72,052.8 24,000.0 23,637.9 362.1 99.879444 1.550 1.573

 Aug. 07 91 54,858.3 22,000.1 20,281.8 1,618.3 99.593028 1.610 1.639

 Nov. 06 182 54,331.2 21,000.1 19,654.8 1,220.2 99.120333 1.740 1.780

May 15................. June 12 28 91,317.5 33,000.2 32,645.5 354.7 99.854556 1.870 1.899

 Aug. 14 91 65,494.1 24,000.0 22,129.3 1,733.9 99.545000 1.800 1.833

 Nov. 13 182 56,624.9 23,000.2 21,550.7 1,274.5 99.064722 1.850 1.893

May 22................. June 19 28 115,134.9 32,000.1 31,750.6 249.5 99.846778 1.970 2.000

 Aug. 21 91 75,133.6 25,000.0 23,166.1 1,767.4 99.531097 1.855 1.890

 Nov. 20 182 66,306.0 23,000.1 21,611.8 1,208.3 99.047028 1.885 1.930

May 29................. June 26 28 66,111.0 27,000.0 26,206.5 328.7 99.847167 1.965 1.995

 Aug. 28 91 69,887.6 25,000.2 22,278.8 1,725.2 99.527306 1.870 1.905

 Nov. 28 183 62,198.1 23,000.1 20,797.8 1,202.9 99.024000 1.920 1.966

June 05................ July 03 28 62,516.2 23,000.1 22,614.9 375.2 99.853778 1.880 1.909

 Sept. 04 91 73,996.7 24,000.3 22,218.8 1,681.6 99.539944 1.820 1.854

 Dec. 04 182 64,482.8 24,000.2 22,530.4 1,219.8 99.014167 1.950 1.997

June 12................ July 10 28 61,524.4 23,000.1 22,467.5 432.6 99.845222 1.990 2.021

 Sept. 11 91 63,804.8 24,000.0 22,120.8 1,659.2 99.532361 1.850 1.885

 Dec. 11 182 58,981.4 24,000.1 22,577.6 1,222.5 98.963611 2.050 2.100

June 19................ July 17 28 62,281.8 20,000.0 19,632.1 367.9 99.856889 1.840 1.868

 Sept. 18 91 54,380.8 23,000.2 21,258.9 1,741.3 99.481806 2.050 2.089

 Dec. 18 182 48,673.7 24,000.1 22,649.7 1,150.4 98.811944 2.350 2.411

June 26................ July 24 28 56,265.0 20,000.1 19,284.1 346.4 99.877111 1.580 1.604

Sept. 25 91 57,834.2 22,000.0 19,338.4 1,662.3 99.531097 1.855 1.890

 Dec. 26 183 57,336.4 23,000.1 20,686.9 1,315.2 98.853708 2.255 2.313

1

 All 4-week and 13-week bills represent additional issues of bills with an original maturity 

of 26 weeks or 52 weeks. Certain 26-week bills represent additional issues of bills with an 

original maturity of 52 weeks. 

2

 Includes amount awarded to the Federal Reserve System. 

3

 Tenders for $1 million or less from any one bidder are accepted in full at the high 

price of accepted competitive bids. However, as of September 21, 2004, the limit was 

raised to $5 million. All Treasury marketable auctions are conducted in a single-price 

format as of November 2, 1998. 

4

 Equivalent coupon-issue yield. 
PUBLIC DEBT OPERATIONS 

September 2008 

35

TABLE PDO-2.—Offerings of Marketable Securities 

Other than Regular Weekly Treasury Bills 

[In millions of dollars. Source: Bureau of the Public Debt, Office of Financing] 

Auction date 

Issue date 

(1) 

 Description of securities 1

 (2) 

Period to final maturity 

(years, months, days) 2

(3) 

Amount 

tendered 

(4) 

Amount 

accepted 3, 4

(5) 

Accepted yield and

equivalent price 

for notes and 

bonds 

(6) 

 

07/12/07 07/16/07 2-5/8% TIPS—07/15/17-D 10y 15,735 8,000 2.749 - 98.942199 

07/24/07 07/31/07 2-3/8% TIPS—01/15/27 19y 6m 14,667 7,294 2.600 - 99.570169 

07/25/07 07/31/07 4-5/8% note—07/31/09-AB 2y 50,443 21,882 4.735 - 99.792429 

07/26/07 07/31/07 4-5/8% note—07/31/12-N 5y 30,747 15,804 4.640 - 99.933745 

08/08/07 08/15/07 4-3/4% note—08/15/17-E 10y 36,896 20,000 4.855 - 99.175936 

08/09/07 08/15/07 5% bond—05/15/37 29y 9m 18,961 13,846 5.059 - 99.081933 

08/14/07 08/15/07 5.030% bill—08/16/07 1d 63,185 26,000 

08/15/07 08/15/07 4.100% bill—08/23/07 8d 31,550 10,000 

08/29/07 08/31/07 4.500% bill—09/17/07 17d 49,304 20,000 

08/29/07 08/31/07 4% note—08/31/09-AC 2y 75,697 22,280 4.115 - 99.781361 

08/30/07 08/31/07 4-1/8% note—08/31/12-P 5y 38,732 16,091 4.248 - 99.451138 

09/12/07 09/13/07 4.620% bill—09/17/07 4d 28,056 7,000 

09/13/07 09/17/07 4-3/4% note—08/15/17-E 9y 11m 23,613 8,000 4.493 - 102.029801 

09/26/07 10/01/07 4% note—09/30/09-AD 2y 63,184 21,984 4.000 - 99.999787 

09/27/08 10/01/07 4-1/4% note—09/30/12-Q 5y 40,043 15,877 4.250 - 99.999760 

10/11/07 10/15/07 2-5/8% TIPS—07/15/17-D 9y 9m 12,289 6,000 2.360 - 102.721944 

10/23/07 10/31/07 2% TIPS—04/15/12-J 4y 6m 15,789 7,158 1.954 - 102.667445 

10/24/07 10/31/07 3-5/8% note—10/31/09-AE 2y 60,995 23,860 3.723 - 99.812793 

10/25/07 10/31/07 3-7/8% note—10/31/12-R 5y 37,452 15,509 3.993 - 99.469930 

11/07/07 11/15/07 4-1/4% note—11/15/17-F 10y 37,127 19,674 4.353 - 99.172070 

11/08/07 11/15/07 5% bond—05/15/37 29y 6m 17,459 7,567 4.666 - 105.322155 

11/14/07 11/15/07 4.100% bill—11/23/07 8d 45,160 15,000 

11/28/07 11/30/07 3-1/8% note—11/30/09-AF 2y 48,687 24,543 3.159 - 99.934603 

11/29/07 11/30/07 3-3/8% note—11/30/12-S 5y 32,367 15,953 3.415 - 99.817568 

11/29/07 12/03/07 3.860% bill—12/17/07 14d 108,231 30,000 

12/11/07 12/12/07 4.000% bill—12/17/07 5d 30,331 8,000 

12/13/07 12/17/07 4-1/4% note—11/15/17-F 9y 11m 17,812 8,000 4.164 - 100.686354 

12/26/07 12/31/07 3-1/4% note—12/31/09-AG 2y 53,560 26,497 3.285 - 99.932783 

12/27/07 12/31/07 3-5/8% note—12/31/12-T 5y 32,720 15,657 3.651 - 99.882153 

01/10/08 01/15/08 1-5/8% TIPS—01/15/18-A 10y 17,627 10,412 1.655 - 99.724557 

01/24/08 01/31/08 1-3/4% TIPS—01/15/28 20y 15,275 8,974 1.807 - 99.351033 

01/28/08 01/31/08 2-1/8% note—01/31/10-U 2y 58,840 26,923 2.237 - 99.782126 

01/29/08 01/31/08 2-7/8% note—01/31/13-F 5y 31,875 15,705 2.909 - 99.842844 

02/13/08 02/14/08 2.440% bill—04/17/08 63d 66,306 19,000 

02/06/08 02/15/08 3-1/2% note—02/15/18-B 10y 36,636 19,204 3.620 - 99.000685 

02/07/08 02/15/08 4-3/8% bond—02/15/38 30y 20,666 13,295 4.449 - 98.780998 

02/14/08 02/15/08 2.510% bill—04/15/08 60d 94,280 30,000 

02/26/08 02/27/08 2.400% bill—03/17/08 19d 38,191 10,000 

02/27/08 02/29/08 2% note—02/28/10-V 2y 58,415 28,900 2.045 - 99.912254 

02/28/08 02/29/08 2-3/4% note—02/28/13-G 5y 38,478 17,785 2.755 - 99.976794 

02/28/08 03/03/08 2.550% bill—03/17/08 14d 84,285 30,000 

03/13/08 03/17/08 3-1/2% note—02/15/18-B 9y 11m 17,949 10,000 3.510 - 99.912591 

03/25/08 03/27/08 1.340% bill—04/21/08 25d 48,571 20,000 

03/26/08 03/31/08 1-3/4% note—03/31/10-W 2y 72,406 31,992 1.761 - 99.978476 

03/27/08 03/31/08 2-1/2% note—03/31/13-H 5y 38,262 20,566 2.595 - 99.557209 

03/27/08 04/01/08 1.800% bill—04/16/08 15d 75,095 26,001 

04/08/08 04/10/08 2.290% bill—04/15/08 5d 69,631 25,000 

04/10/08 04/15/08 1-5/8% TIPS—01/15/18-A 9y 9m 12,640 6,000 1.250 - 104.353623 

04/15/08 04/16/08 2.000% bill—04/22/08 6d 51,929 20,000 

04/22/08 04/30/08 0-5/8% TIPS—04/15/13-J 5y 18,334 8,734 0.745 - 99.560900 

04/23/08 04/30/08 2-1/8% note—04/30/10-X 2y 68,984 32,752 2.225 - 99.805441 

04/24/08 04/30/08 3-1/8% note—04/30/13-K 5y 33,123 20,743 3.159 - 99.843881 

05/14/08 05/15/08 1.865% bill—09/18/08 126d 104,422 32,000 

05/07/08 05/15/08 3-7/8% note—05/15/18-C 10y 41,161 23,077 3.937 - 99.491561 

05/08/08 05/15/08 4-3/8% bond—02/15/38 29y 9m 19,397 9,231 4.599 - 96.375954 

05/19/08 05/20/08 1.990% bill—06/19/08 30d 59,592 18,000 

05/29/08 05/30/08 2.150% bill—06/16/08 17d 59,437 19,000 

05/28/08 06/02/08 2-5/8% note—05/31/10-Y 2y 70,728 32,406 2.640 - 99.970857 

05/29/08 06/02/08 3-1/2% note—05/31/13-L 5y 36,439 20,524 3.520 - 99.908798 

06/03/08 06/05/08 2.105% bill—06/04/09 364d 52,804 16,000 

06/10/08 06/11/08 2.190% bill—06/16/08 5d 52,601 22,000 

06/12/08 06/16/08 3-7/8% note—05/15/18-C 9y 11m 25,612 11,000 4.225 - 97.183235 

06/24/08 06/30/08 2-7/8% note—06/30/10-Z 2y 82,503 33,217 2.922 - 99.909336 

06/26/08 06/30/08 3-3/8% note—06/30/13-M 5y 51,734 22,144 3.440 - 99.703743 

1

 Currently, all issues are sold at auction. For bill issues, the rate shown is the high bank 

discount rate. For note and bond issues, the rate shown is the interest rate. For details of 

bill offerings, see table PDO-2. As of October 1, 1997, all Treasury issues of notes and 

bonds are eligible for STRIPS. 

2

 From date of additional issue in case of a reopening. 

3

 In reopenings, the amount accepted is in addition to the amount of original offerings. 

4

 Includes securities issued to the Federal Reserve System; and to foreign and 

international monetary authorities, whether in exchange for maturing securities or for new 

cash. 

Note.—Amounts listed as tendered and accepted are amounts tendered and awarded on 

auction day. 
September 2008 

36 

INTRODUCTION: Ownership of Federal Securities 

Federal securities presented in the following tables are 

public debt securities such as savings bonds, bills, notes, and 

bonds that the Treasury issues. The tables also detail debt 

issued by other Federal agencies under special financing 

authorities. [See the Federal debt (FD) tables for a more 

complete description of the Federal debt.] 

Effective January 1, 2001, Treasury’s Bureau of the 

Public Debt revised formats, titles, and column headings in 

the “Monthly Statement of the Public Debt of the United 

States,” Table I: Summary of Treasury Securities 

Outstanding and Table II: Statutory Debt Limit. These 

changes should reduce confusion and bring the publication 

more in line with the public’s use of terms. 

Treasury’s Financial Management Service (FMS) 

compiles data in the “Treasury Bulletin” table OFS-1 from 

the “Monthly Statement of the Public Debt of the United 

States.” Effective June 2001, FMS revised procedures and 

categories in this table to agree with the Bureau of the Public 

Debt’s publication changes. 

• Table OFS-1 presents Treasury marketable and 

nonmarketable securities and debt issued by other Federal 

agencies held by Government accounts, the FRBs, and 

private investors. Social Security and Federal retirement 

trust fund investments comprise much of the Government 

account holdings. 

The FRBs acquire Treasury securities in the market as a 

means of executing monetary policy. 

• Table OFS-2 presents the estimated ownership of 

U.S. Treasury securities. Information is primarily obtained 

from the Federal Reserve Board of Governors Flow of Funds 

data, Table L209. State, local, and foreign holdings include 

special issues of nonmarketable securities to municipal 

entities and foreign official accounts. They also include 

municipal, foreign official, and private holdings of 

marketable Treasury securities. (See footnotes to the table 

for description of investor categories.) 
OWNERSHIP OF FEDERAL SECURITIES 

September 2008 

37

TABLE OFS-1.—Distribution of Federal Securities by Class of Investors and Type of Issues 

[In millions of dollars. Source: Financial Management Service] 

Public debt securities 

Held by U.S. Government accounts 

End of 

fiscal year 

or month 

Total 

Federal 

securities 

outstanding 

(1) 

Total 

outstanding 

(2) 

Total 

(3) 

Marketable 

(4) 

Nonmarketable 

(5) 

Public issues 

held by Federal

Reserve banks

(6) 

 

2003 ................................................ 6,809,272 6,783,320 2,859,275 311 2,858,964 654,593 

2004 ................................................ 7,403,236 7,379,053 3,075,687 142 3,075,545 698,207 

2005 ................................................ 7,956,346 7,932,710 3,331,333 1 3,331,332 733,439 

2006 ................................................ 8,530,366 8,506,974 3,663,773 1 3,663,772 764,828 

2007 ................................................ 9,030,612 9,007,653 3,958,417 1 3,958,416 774,913 

 

2007 - June ..................................... 8,890,838 8,867,677 3,924,650 1 3,924,649 786,149 

July ...................................... 8,955,724 8,932,438 3,928,865 1 3,928,864 786,150 

Aug ...................................... 9,028,649 9,005,648 3,908,720 1 3,908,719 774,913 

Sept..................................... 9,030,612 9,007,653 3,958,417 1 3,958,416 774,913 

Oct....................................... 9,102,096 9,079,086 4,012,039 1 4,012,038 774,913 

Nov ...................................... 9,172,438 9,149,341 4,002,846 1 4,002,845 774,913 

Dec ...................................... 9,252,317 9,229,172 4,092,890 1 4,092,889 735,735 

2008 - Jan ....................................... 9,261,110 9,238,008 4,105,795 1 4,105,794 708,807 

Feb ...................................... 9,381,029 9,358,051 4,098,349 1 4,098,348 708,806 

Mar ...................................... 9,461,058 9,437,594 4,103,552 1 4,103,551 586,473 

Apr....................................... 9,400,719 9,377,557 4,133,040 1 4,133,039 543,805 

May...................................... 9,411,969 9,388,798 4,110,207 - 4,110,207 481,632 

June..................................... 9,515,532 9,492,006 4,206,987 - 4,206,987 473,303 

 

 Public debt securities, con. Agency securities 

Held by private investors 

End of 

fiscal year 

or month 

Total 

(7) 

Marketable

(8) 

Nonmarketable 

(9) 

Total 

outstanding 

(10) 

 Held by 

 private 

 investors 

 (11) 

 

2003 .................................................................... 3,269,363 2,805,814 463,549 25,952 25,952 

2004 .................................................................... 3,605,159 3,147,752 457,407 24,183 24,183 

2005 .................................................................... 3,867,938 3,351,440 516,498 23,637 23,637 

2006 .................................................................... 4,078,373 3,538,210 540,163 23,392 23,392 

2007 .................................................................... 4,274,323 3,673,220 601,103 22,959 22,959 

 

2007 - June ......................................................... 4,156,876 3,552,951 603,925 23,162 23,162 

July .......................................................... 4,217,423 3,617,270 600,153 23,287 23,287 

Aug .......................................................... 4,322,016 3,721,285 600,730 23,001 23,001 

Sept......................................................... 4,274,323 3,673,220 601,103 22,959 22,959 

Oct........................................................... 4,292,134 3,689,816 602,318 23,011 23,011 

Nov .......................................................... 4,371,582 3,768,346 603,237 23,097 23,097 

Dec .......................................................... 4,400,548 3,800,849 599,698 23,145 23,145 

2008 - Jan ........................................................... 4,423,406 3,824,078 599,328 23,102 23,102 

Feb .......................................................... 4,550,896 3,952,580 598,316 22,978 22,978 

Mar .......................................................... 4,747,569 4,145,887 601,682 23,464 23,464 

Apr........................................................... 4,700,712 4,098,756 601,956 23,163 23,163 

May.......................................................... 4,796,960 4,203,552 593,408 23,170 23,170 

June......................................................... 4,811,716 4,223,123 588,594 23,527 23,527 

 
OWNERSHIP OF FEDERAL SECURITIES 

September 2008 

38 

TABLE OFS-2.—Estimated Ownership of U.S. Treasury Securities 

[In billions of dollars. Source: Office of Debt Management, Office of the Under Secretary for Domestic Finance] 

 Pension funds 3 

End of month 

Total 

public 

debt 1

(1) 

Federal 

Reserve and 

Intragovernmental 

Holdings 2

(2) 

Total 

privately 

held 

(3) 

 Depository 

 institutions 3, 4

 (4) 

U.S.

savings

bonds 5

(5) 

 Private 6

 (6) 

State and

local 

governments

 (7) 

 Insurance 

 compa- 

 nies 3

 (8) 

Mutual 

funds 3, 7

(9) 

 State and 

 local 

 govern- 

 ments 3

 (10) 

 Foreign

 and inter-

 national 8

 (11) 

Other 

investors 9

(12) 

 

1997 - Mar......... 5,380.9 1,928.7 3,452.2 317.3 186.5 141.7 211.1 181.8 221.6 248.1 1,157.6 786.5 

 June ....... 5,376.2 1,998.9 3,377.3 300.2 186.3 142.1 214.9 183.1 216.4 243.3 1,182.7 708.2 

 Sept........ 5,413.1 2,011.5 3,401.6 292.8 186.2 143.0 223.5 186.8 221.3 235.2 1,230.5 682.3 

 Dec......... 5,502.4 2,087.8 3,414.6 300.3 186.5 144.1 219.0 176.6 232.3 239.3 1,241.6 674.9 

1998 - Mar......... 5,542.4 2,104.9 3,437.5 308.3 186.2 141.3 212.1 169.5 234.6 238.1 1,250.5 696.9 

 June ....... 5,547.9 2,198.6 3,349.3 290.9 186.0 139.0 213.2 160.6 230.8 258.5 1,256.0 614.4 

 Sept........ 5,526.2 2,213.0 3,313.2 244.5 185.9 135.5 207.8 151.4 231.7 271.8 1,224.2 660.3 

 Dec......... 5,614.2 2,280.2 3,334.0 237.4 186.6 133.2 212.6 141.7 257.6 280.8 1,278.7 605.4 

1999 - Mar......... 5,651.6 2,324.1 3,327.5 247.4 186.5 135.5 211.5 137.5 245.0 288.4 1,272.3 603.4 

 June ....... 5,638.8 2,439.6 3,199.2 240.6 186.5 142.9 213.8 133.6 228.1 298.6 1,258.8 496.3 

 Sept........ 5,656.3 2,480.9 3,175.4 241.2 186.2 150.9 204.8 128.0 222.5 299.2 1,281.4 461.1 

 Dec......... 5,776.1 2,542.2 3,233.9 248.7 186.4 153.0 198.8 123.4 228.7 304.5 1,268.7 521.7 

2000 - Mar......... 5,773.4 2,590.6 3,182.8 237.7 185.3 150.2 196.9 120.0 222.3 306.3 1,106.9 657.2 

 June ....... 5,685.9 2,698.6 2,987.3 222.2 184.6 149.0 194.9 116.5 205.4 309.3 1,082.0 523.5 

 Sept........ 5,674.2 2,737.9 2,936.3 220.5 184.3 147.9 185.5 113.7 207.8 307.9 1,057.9 510.8 

 Dec......... 5,662.2 2,781.8 2,880.4 201.5 184.8 145.0 179.1 110.2 225.7 310.0 1,034.2 490.0 

2001 - Mar......... 5,773.7 2,880.9 2,892.8 188.0 184.8 153.4 177.3 109.1 225.3 316.9 1,029.9 508.1 

 June ....... 5,726.8 3,004.2 2,722.6 188.1 185.5 148.5 183.1 108.1 221.0 324.8 1,000.5 363.1 

 Sept........ 5,807.5 3,027.8 2,779.7 189.1 186.4 149.9 166.8 106.8 234.1 321.2 1,005.5 419.8 

 Dec......... 5,943.4 3,123.9 2,819.5 181.5 190.3 144.6 155.1 105.7 261.9 328.4 1,051.2 400.8 

2002 - Mar......... 6,006.0 3,156.8 2,849.2 187.6 191.9 150.6 163.3 114.0 266.1 327.6 1,067.1 381.0 

 June ....... 6,126.5 3,276.7 2,849.8 204.7 192.7 149.0 153.9 122.0 253.8 333.6 1,135.4 304.6 

 Sept........ 6,228.2 3,303.5 2,924.8 209.3 193.3 151.4 156.3 130.4 256.8 338.6 1,200.8 287.9 

 Dec......... 6,405.7 3,387.2 3,018.5 222.6 194.9 150.8 158.9 139.7 281.0 354.7 1,246.8 269.2 

2003 - Mar......... 6,460.8 3,390.8 3,069.9 153.6 196.9 162.9 162.1 139.5 296.6 350.0 1,286.3 322.0 

 June ....... 6,670.1 3,505.4 3,164.7 145.4 199.1 167.3 161.3 138.7 302.3 347.9 1,382.8 320.0 

 Sept........ 6,783.2 3,515.3 3,268.0 147.0 201.5 164.6 155.5 137.4 287.1 357.7 1,454.2 363.1 

 Dec......... 6,998.0 3,620.1 3,377.9 153.3 203.8 169.2 148.6 136.5 280.8 364.2 1,533.0 388.4 

2004 - Mar......... 7,131.1 3,628.3 3,502.8 162.9 204.4 167.0 143.6 141.0 280.8 374.1 1,677.1 351.9 

 June ....... 7,274.3 3,742.8 3,531.5 158.7 204.6 170.2 134.9 144.1 258.7 381.2 1,739.6 339.5 

 Sept........ 7,379.1 3,772.0 3,607.0 138.5 204.1 170.6 140.8 147.4 255.0 381.7 1,798.7 370.1 

 Dec......... 7,596.1 3,905.6 3,690.6 125.0 204.4 170.5 151.0 149.7 254.1 389.1 1,853.4 393.3 

2005 - Mar......... 7,776.9 3,921.6 3,855.4 141.8 204.2 174.3 158.0 152.4 261.1 412.0 1,956.3 395.2 

 June ....... 7,836.5 4,033.5 3,803.0 127.0 204.2 177.5 171.3 155.0 248.7 437.3 1,879.6 402.5 

 Sept........ 7,932.7 4,067.8 3,864.9 125.4 203.6 180.9 164.8 159.0 244.7 455.2 1,930.6 400.7 

 Dec......... 8,170.4 4,199.8 3,970.6 117.2 205.1 181.2 153.8 160.4 251.3 463.2 2,036.0 402.4 

2006 - Mar......... 8,371.2 4,257.2 4,114.0 115.4 206.0 183.0 153.0 161.3 248.7 465.7 2,084.5 496.3 

 June ....... 8,420.0 4,389.2 4,030.8 117.4 205.2 188.4 150.9 161.2 244.2 476.7 1,979.8 506.9 

 Sept........ 8,507.0 4,432.8 4,074.2 113.8 203.7 191.2 151.6 160.6 235.7 478.2 2,027.3 512.1 

 Dec......... 8,680.2 4,558.1 4,122.1 115.1 202.4 193.2 153.0 159.0 250.7 497.7 2,105.0 446.0 

2007 - Mar......... 8,849.7 4,576.6 4,273.1 119.9 200.3 198.5 155.1 153.7 264.2 524.6 2,196.7 460.0 

 June ....... 8,867.7 4,715.1 4,152.6 110.6 198.6 202.2 156.1 147.9 267.2 549.2 2,193.9 326.8 

 Sept........ 9,007.7 4,738.0 4,269.7 119.8 197.1 205.9 161.4 142.2 306.7 535.8 2,237.2 363.5 

 Dec......... 9,229.2 4,833.5 4,395.7 129.9 196.5 209.3 164.5 135.3 362.9 524.9 2,355.1 317.3 

2008 - Mar......... 9,437.6 4,694.7 4,742.9 126.7 195.4 223.7 167.7 135.8 468.2 520.2 2,515.6 389.6 

 June ....... 9,492.0 4,685.8 4,806.2 n.a. 195.0 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. 2,648.0 n.a. 

 

 1

 Source: “Monthly Statement of the Public Debt of the United States (MSPD).” Face 

value. 

2

 Sources: Federal Reserve Bulletin, table 1.18, Federal Reserve banks, statement of 

condition, for System Open Market Accounts; and the U. S. Treasury MSPD for 

intragovernmental holdings. Federal Reserve holdings exclude Treasury securities 

held under repurchase agreements. 

3

 Source: Federal Reserve Board of Governors, Flow of Funds Table L.209. 

4

 Includes commercial banks, savings institutions, and credit unions. 

5

 Source: “Monthly Statement of the Public Debt of the United States.” Current 

 accrual value. 

6 Includes U.S. Treasury securities held by the Federal Employees Retirement System 

Thrift Savings Plan "G Fund." 

7

 Includes money market mutual funds, mutual funds, and closed-end investment 

companies.

8

 Source: Federal Reserve Board Treasury International Capital Survey. Includes 

nonmarketable foreign series, Treasury securities, and Treasury deposit funds. Excludes 

Treasury securities held under repurchase agreements in custody accounts at the Federal 

Reserve Bank of New York. Estimates reflect the 1989 benchmark to 1994, the 1994 

benchmark to September 2001, the March 2000 benchmark to September 2002, the June 

2002 benchmark to December 2003, the June 2003 benchmark to March 2004, the June 

2004 benchmark to March 2005, the June 2005 benchmark to February 2006, and the 

June 2006 benchmark to February 2007. For additional information see: 

http://www.treas.gov/tic/ticsec2.shtml. 

9

 Includes individuals, Government-sponsored enterprises, brokers and dealers, bank 

personal trusts and estates, corporate and non-corporate businesses, and other investors. 
September 2008 

39

INTRODUCTION: Market Yields

The table in this section presents yields on Treasury 

marketable securities for maturities ranging from 1 month to 

30 years. 

Table MY-1 lists Treasury market bid yields at constant 

maturities for bills, notes, and bonds. These Constant 

Maturity Treasury rates (CMTs) are interpolated from the 

Treasury yield curve and published daily at Treasury’s 

Domestic Finance web site, www.ustreas.gov/offices/domesticfinance/debt-management/interest-rate/yield.shtml. The 

yield curve is fitted daily using a hermite cubic spline. For 

inputs, Treasury primarily uses the bid yields of the on-therun securities (most recently auctioned Treasury securities in 

all maturity tranches that Treasury currently auctions) as 

quoted in the secondary bond market as of approximately 

3:30 p.m. each trading day. CMT yields are based on 

semiannual interest payments and are read at constant 

maturity points to develop a consistent data series. 

The quotations used by Treasury to calculate the bid 

yields and fit the yield curve are obtained by the Federal 

Reserve Bank of New York. The Board of Governors of the 

Federal Reserve System also publishes the Treasury constant 

maturity data series in its weekly Statistical Release H.15. 

Treasury discontinued the 30-year constant maturity 

yield during the time period February 18, 2002, through 

February 8, 2006. Thus, 30-year yields for that time frame 

are not available. 

TABLE MY-1.—Treasury Market Bid Yields at Constant Maturities: 

Bills, Notes, and Bonds* 

[In percentages. Source: Office of Debt Management, Office of the Under Secretary for Domestic Finance] 

Period 

1-mo. 

(1) 

3-mo. 

(2) 

6-mo. 

(3) 

1-yr.

(4) 

2-yr. 

(5) 

3-yr.

(6) 

5-yr. 

(7) 

7-yr. 

(8) 

10-yr. 

(9) 

20-yr.

(10) 

 30-yr.

 (11) 

 

Monthly average: 

2007 - July ..................................... 4.82 4.96 5.04 4.96 4.82 4.82 4.88 4.93 5.00 5.19 5.11 

Aug .................................... 4.20 4.32 4.55 4.47 4.31 4.34 4.43 4.53 4.67 5.00 4.93 

Sept ................................... 3.78 3.99 4.20 4.14 4.01 4.06 4.20 4.33 4.52 4.84 4.79 

Oct ..................................... 3.81 4.00 4.16 4.10 3.97 4.01 4.20 4.33 4.53 4.83 4.77 

Nov .................................... 3.68 3.35 3.58 3.50 3.34 3.35 3.67 3.87 4.15 4.56 4.52 

Dec .................................... 2.86 3.07 3.34 3.26 3.12 3.13 3.49 3.74 4.10 4.57 4.53 

2008 - Jan...................................... 2.74 2.82 2.84 2.71 2.48 2.51 2.98 3.31 3.74 4.35 4.33 

Feb..................................... 2.27 2.17 2.10 2.05 1.97 2.19 2.78 3.21 3.74 4.49 4.52 

Mar..................................... 1.35 1.28 1.51 1.54 1.62 1.80 2.48 2.93 3.51 4.36 4.39 

Apr ..................................... 1.07 1.31 1.58 1.74 2.05 2.23 2.84 3.19 3.68 4.44 4.44 

May .................................... 1.76 1.76 1.86 2.06 2.45 2.69 3.15 3.46 3.88 4.60 4.60 

June................................... 1.72 1.89 2.19 2.42 2.77 3.08 3.49 3.73 4.10 4.74 4.69 

 

 

End of month: 

2007 - July ..................................... 5.13 4.96 4.99 4.85 4.56 4.55 4.60 4.67 4.78 5.00 4.92 

Aug .................................... 4.02 4.01 4.21 4.19 4.15 4.16 4.25 4.36 4.54 4.87 4.83 

Sept ................................... 3.43 3.82 4.09 4.05 3.97 4.03 4.23 4.38 4.59 4.89 4.83 

Oct ..................................... 4.01 3.94 4.09 4.04 3.94 3.94 4.16 4.29 4.48 4.79 4.74 

Nov .................................... 3.63 3.15 3.37 3.26 3.04 3.09 3.41 3.64 3.97 4.44 4.40 

Dec .................................... 2.76 3.36 3.49 3.34 3.05 3.07 3.45 3.70 4.04 4.50 4.45 

2008 - Jan...................................... 1.64 1.96 2.07 2.11 2.17 2.27 2.82 3.19 3.67 4.35 4.35 

Feb..................................... 2.07 1.85 1.83 1.77 1.65 1.87 2.50 2.96 3.53 4.37 4.41 

Mar..................................... 1.22 1.38 1.51 1.55 1.62 1.79 2.46 2.88 3.45 4.30 4.30 

Apr ..................................... 1.17 1.43 1.64 1.85 2.29 2.49 3.03 3.34 3.77 4.49 4.49 

May .................................... 1.98 1.89 2.01 2.22 2.66 2.93 3.41 3.68 4.06 4.74 4.72 

June................................... 1.60 1.90 2.17 2.36 2.63 2.91 3.34 3.61 3.99 4.59 4.53 

 

* Rates are from the Treasury yields curve. 
September 2008 

40 

INTRODUCTION: U.S. Currency and Coin Outstanding and in Circulation 

The U.S. Currency and Coin Outstanding and in 

Circulation (USCC) statement informs the public of the total 

face value of currency and coin used as a medium of 

exchange that is in circulation at the end of a given 

accounting month. The statement defines the total amount of 

currency and coin outstanding and the portion deemed to be 

in circulation. It includes some old and current rare issues 

that do not circulate or that may do so to a limited extent. 

Treasury includes them in the statement because the issues 

were originally intended for general circulation. 

The USCC statement provides a description of the 

various issues of paper money. It also gives an estimated 

average of currency and coin held by each individual, using 

estimates of population from the Bureau of the Census. 

USCC information has been published by Treasury since 

1888, and was published separately until 1983, when it was 

incorporated into the “Treasury Bulletin.” The USCC comes 

from monthly reports compiled by Treasury offices, U.S. 

Mint offices, the Federal Reserve banks (FRBs), and the 

Federal Reserve Board. 

TABLE USCC-1.—Amounts Outstanding and in Circulation, June 30, 2008 

[Source: Financial Management Service] 

Currency 

Total 

currency 

and coin 

(1) 

Total currency 

(2) 

Federal Reserve notes 1

(3) 

U.S. notes 

(4) 

Currency no

longer issued

(5) 

Amounts outstanding .............................. $1,027,415,828,708 $989,229,100,805 $988,739,101,667 $244,535,766 $245,463,372

Less amounts held by: 

The Treasury....................................... 323,199,815 31,428,256 31,231,724 7,505 189,027

FRBs ................................................... 200,778,738,415 199,439,783,591 199,439,780,145 - 3,446

Amounts in circulation............................. $826,313,890,478 $789,757,888,958 $789,268,089,798 $244,528,261 $245,270,899

Coins 2

Total 

(1) 

Dollars 3

(2) 

Fractional 

coins 

(3) 

 

Amounts outstanding .............................. $38,186,727,903 $3,505,529,008 $ 34,681,198,895 

Less amounts held by: 

The Treasury....................................... 291,771,559 225,249,559 66,522,000 

FRBs ................................................... 1,338,954,824 474,728,371 864,226,453 

Amounts in circulation............................. $36,556,001,520 $2,805,551,078 $33,750,450,442 

See footnotes following table USCC-2. 
U.S. CURRENCY AND COIN OUTSTANDING AND IN CIRCULATION 

September 2008 

41

TABLE USCC-2.—Amounts Outstanding and in Circulation, June 30, 2008 

[Source: Financial Management Service] 

Currency in circulation by denomination 

Total 

(1) 

Federal Reserve notes 1 

(2) 

U.S. notes 

(3) 

Currency no 

longer issued 

(4) 

$1 ................................................................................ $9,213,856,469 $9,070,752,704 $143,503 $142,960,262 

$2 ................................................................................ 1,620,381,994 1,488,228,504 132,140,918 12,572 

$5 ................................................................................ 10,498,071,645 10,362,105,030 108,855,310 27,111,305 

$10 .............................................................................. 15,522,947,990 15,501,890,140 6,300 21,051,550 

$20 .............................................................................. 118,197,920,060 118,177,812,920 3,840 20,103,300 

$50 .............................................................................. 61,758,578,600 61,747,079,600 500 11,498,500 

$100 ............................................................................ 572,632,951,100 572,607,594,900 3,367,300 21,988,900 

$500 ............................................................................ 142,317,500 142,124,000 5,500 188,000 

$1,000 ......................................................................... 165,638,000 165,432,000 5,000 201,000 

$5,000 ......................................................................... 1,765,000 1,710,000 - 55,000 

$10,000 ....................................................................... 3,460,000 3,360,000 - 100,000 

Fractional notes 4 ........................................................ 600 - 90 510 

Total currency ......................................................... $789,757,888,958 $789,268,089,798 $244,528,261 $245,270,899 

Comparative totals of currency and coins in circulation—selected dates 

 Amounts (in millions) 

 (1) 

 Per capita 5 

 (2) 

 

June 30, 2008 ...................................................................................... 826,314 $2,712 

May 31, 2008 ....................................................................................... 822,745 2,703 

April 30, 2008 ....................................................................................... 814,027 2,676 

Sept. 30, 2005...................................................................................... 766,487 2,578 

Sept. 30, 2000...................................................................................... 568,614 2,061 

Sept. 30, 1995...................................................................................... 409,272 1,553 

Sept. 30, 1990...................................................................................... 278,903 1,105 

Sept. 30, 1985...................................................................................... 187,337 782 

Sept. 30, 1980...................................................................................... 129,916 581 

June 30, 1975 ...................................................................................... 81,196 380 

June 30, 1970 ...................................................................................... 54,351 265 

June 30, 1965 ...................................................................................... 39,719 204 

June 30, 1960 ...................................................................................... 32,064 177 

June 30, 1955 ...................................................................................... 30,229 183 

 

 1

 Issued on or after July 1, 1929. 

2

 Excludes coins sold to collectors at premium prices. 

3

 Includes $481,781,898 in standard silver dollars. 

4

 Represents value of certain fractional denominations not presented for redemption. 

5

 Based on Bureau of the Census estimates of population. 
International Financial Statistics

Capital Movements

Foreign Currency Positions

Exchange Stabilization Fund
 

September 2008 

45

INTRODUCTION: International Financial Statistics

The tables in this section provide statistics on U.S. 

Government reserve assets, liabilities to foreigners, and its 

international financial position. All monetary figures are in 

dollars or dollar equivalents. 

• Table IFS-1 shows reserve assets of the United 

States, including its gold stock, special drawing rights held 

in the Special Drawing Account in the International 

Monetary Fund (IMF), holdings of convertible foreign 

currencies and reserve position in the IMF. 

• Table IFS-2 contains statistics on liabilities to 

foreign official institutions, and selected liabilities to all 

other foreigners, which are used in the U.S. balance of 

payments statistics. 

• Table IFS-3 shows nonmarketable bonds and notes 

that the Treasury issues to official institutions and other 

residents of foreign countries. 

TABLE IFS-1.—U.S. Reserve Assets 

[In millions of dollars. Source: Treasury International Capital Reporting System] 

End of calendar 

year or month 

Total reserve 

assets 1

(1) 

Gold stock 2

(2) 

Special drawing 

rights 1, 3

(3) 

Foreign 

currencies 4

(4) 

Reserve 

position in 

International

Monetary

Fund 1, 5

(5) 

 

2003 ................................................................................... 85,938 11,043 12,638 39,722 22,535 

2004 ................................................................................... 86,824 11,045 13,582 42,718 19,479 

2005 ................................................................................... 65,127 11,043 8,210 37,838 8,036 

2006 ................................................................................... 65,895 11,041 8,870 40,943 5,040 

 

2007 - July.......................................................................... 67,029 11,041 9,111 42,508 4,369 

Aug ......................................................................... 67,508 11,041 9,157 42,922 4,388 

Sept........................................................................ 69,070 11,041 9,301 44,266 4,463 

Oct.......................................................................... 69,626 11,041 9,392 44,800 4,394 

Nov ......................................................................... 70,966 11,041 9,536 45,973 4,416 

Dec ......................................................................... 70,565 11,041 9,476 45,804 4,244 

2008 - Jan .......................................................................... 72,017 11,041 9,566 47,173 4,237 

Feb ......................................................................... 73,404 11,041 9,688 48,395 4,280 

Mar ......................................................................... 75,764 11,041 9,892 50,529 4,302 

Apr.......................................................................... 74,372 11,041 9,767 49,311 4,253 

May......................................................................... 75,170 11,041 9,771 49,247 5,111 

June........................................................................ 75,740 11,041 9,849 49,613 5,237 

July ......................................................................... 74,832 11,041 9,772 49,089 4,930 

 

1

 Beginning July 1974, the International Monetary Fund (IMF) adopted a technique for valuing 

the special drawing right (SDR) based on a weighted average of exchange rates for the 

currencies of selected member countries. The U.S. SDR holdings and reserve position in the 

IMF also are valued on this basis beginning July 1974. 

2

 Treasury values its gold stock at $42.2222 per fine troy ounce and pursuant to 31 United 

States Code 5117 (b) issues gold certificates to the Federal Reserve at the same rate against 

all gold held. 

3

 Includes allocations of SDRs in the Special Drawing Account in the IMF, plus or minus 

transactions in SDRs. 

4

 Includes holdings of Treasury and Federal Reserve System; beginning November 

1978, these are valued at current market exchange rates or, where appropriate, at 

such other rates as may be agreed upon by the parties to the transactions. Excludes 

outstanding reciprocal currency swaps with the European Central Bank and the Swiss 

National Bank. At end-December 2007 and end-January 2008 swaps outstanding 

were $20 billion and $4 billion respectively. At end-February there were no swaps 

outstanding. At end-March swaps outstanding were $15 billion and $6 billion 

respectively. At end-April swaps outstanding were $30 billion and $6 billion 

respectively. At end-May, end-June, and end-July swaps outstanding were $50 billion 

and $12 billion respectively.

5

 The United States has the right to purchase foreign currencies equivalent to its 

reserve position in the IMF automatically if needed. Under appropriate conditions, the 

United States could purchase additional amounts related to the U.S. quota. 

Note.—Detail may not add to totals due to rounding. 
INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL STATISTICS 

September 2008 

46 

TABLE IFS-2.—Selected U.S. Liabilities to Foreigners 

[In millions of dollars. Source: Treasury International Capital Reporting System] 

 Liabilities to foreign countries 

 Official institutions 1 

Liabilities to other foreigners 

End of 

calendar 

year or 

month 

Total 

(1) 

Total 

(2) 

Liabilities 

reported 

by 

banks in 

United 

States 

(3) 

Marketable

U.S. 

Treasury

bonds 

and 

notes 2

(4) 

Nonmarketable

U.S. 

Treasury

bonds 

and 

notes 3

(5) 

Other 

readily 

marketable

liabilities 2, 4

(6) 

Liabilities 

to 

banks 5

(7) 

Total 

(8) 

Liabilities 

reported 

by banks 

in the 

United 

States 

(9) 

Marketable

U.S. 

Treasury

bonds 

and 

notes 2, 6

(10) 

Liabilities

to nonmonetary

international and 

regional 

organizations 7

(11) 

 

2000 - Mar. 8........... 2,585,384 807,303 301,358 431,184 5,734 69,027 933,296 813,312 196,440 616,872 31,473 

Series Break........... 2,445,944 900,117 301,358 490,145 5,734 102,880 933,296 586,996 196,440 390,556 25,535 

2000 ....................... 2,565,942 916,095 297,603 475,866 5,348 137,278 1,049,619 581,302 228,332 352,970 18,926 

2001 ....................... 2,724,292 923,501 282,290 479,340 3,411 158,460 1,125,812 653,367 284,671 368,696 21,612 

2002 - June 8 ......... 3,002,222 981,627 328,090 476,197 3,000 174,340 1,299,551 696,781 296,705 400,076 24,263 

Series Break........... 3,003,380 1,039,702 328,090 556,603 3,000 152,009 1,299,551 642,437 296,705 345,732 21,690 

2002 ....................... 3,235,231 1,075,034 335,090 566,895 2,769 170,280 1,382,628 750,877 325,764 425,113 26,692 

2003 - June 8 .......... 3,586,765 1,169,600 379,114 601,767 2,876 185,843 1,431,589 957,712 452,617 505,095 27,864 

Series Break........... 3,603,925 1,233,261 379,114 650,336 2,876 200,935 1,431,589 911,398 452,617 458,781 27,677 

2003 ....................... 3,863,508 1,340,497 401,856 719,302 2,613 216,726 1,439,484 1,057,446 518,962 538,484 26,081 

2004 - June 8 ......... 4,469,769 1,559,686 483,415 844,444 1,569 230,258 1,559,518 1,326,934 666,476 660,458 23,631 

Series Break .......... 4,407,294 1,648,167 483,415 910,456 1,569 252,727 1,559,518 1,169,285 666,476 502,809 30,324 

2004 ....................... 4,819,747 1,775,080 515,586 986,454 1,630 271,409 1,677,951 1,336,538 805,483 531,055 30,178 

2005 - June 8 ........ 5,071,533 1,821,338 493,704 1,030,763 911 295,960 1,791,611 1,424,082 776,836 647,246 34,502 

Series Break .......... 5,066,404 1,957,191 493,704 1,077,953 911 384,623 1,791,611 1,272,697 776,836 495,861 44,905 

2005 ....................... 5,371,689 2,012,633 498,510 1,102,333 948 410,842 1,895,920 1,415,705 769,564 646,141 47,431 

2006 - June 8 ......... 6,068,142 2,070,222 493,689 1,112,617 986 462,930 2,189,751 1,747,236 1,041,237 705,999 60,933 

Series Break .......... 6,056,852 2,275,684 493,689 1,211,819 986 569,190 2,189,751 1,536,930 1,041,237 495,693 54,487 

2006 ....................... 6,500,883 2,372,146 461,656 1,271,174 1,026 638,290 2,415,273 1,663,272 1,102,362 560,910 50,192 

2007 - June 8.......... 7,104,054 2,513,133 493,142 1,281,070 1,067 737,854 2,616,012 1,924,863 1,259,947 664,916 50,046 

Series Break .......... 7,215,711 2,793,964 493,142 1,450,593 1,067 849,161 2,616,012 1,758,255 1,259,947 498,308 47,480 

 

2007 - July r .......... 7,379,871 2,831,209 528,807 1,443,668 1,075 857,659 2,638,178 1,863,044 1,367,247 495,797 47,440 

Aug. r ......... 7,321,462 2,813,498 533,725 1,413,983 1,082 864,707 2,658,186 1,801,472 1,280,332 521,140 48,307 

Sept. r ........ 7,320,036 2,828,547 520,572 1,428,353 1,089 878,532 2,646,396 1,799,507 1,268,580 530,927 45,586 

Oct. r .......... 7,530,265 2,871,123 541,676 1,432,333 1,096 896,017 2,715,236 1,896,786 1,315,269 581,517 47,120 

Nov. r.......... 7,609,629 2,917,394 576,657 1,432,711 1,103 906,922 2,697,065 1,948,590 1,345,005 603,585 46,580 

Dec. r.......... 7,694,551 2,958,324 594,302 1,443,691 1,111 919,220 2,796,981 1,895,546 1,302,250 593,296 43,700 

2008 - Jan. r........... 7,835,002 3,024,452 621,005 1,479,792 1,118 922,536 2,781,255 1,982,346 1,386,187 596,159 46,949 

Feb ............. 7,923,689 3,013,214 607,791 1,476,198 1,125 928,099 2,797,078 2,067,611 1,452,224 615,387 45,786 

Mar ............ 7,925,547 3,027,141 573,674 1,504,209 1,133 948,124 2,785,462 2,067,727 1,428,740 638,987 45,217 

Apr .............. 7,961,332 3,060,255 565,958 1,526,507 1,140 966,649 2,743,380 2,116,062 1,422,429 693,633 41,635 

May p.......... 7,943,807 3,078,103 567,398 1,522,783 1,148 986,773 2,654,307 2,166,667 1,463,584 703,083 44,731 

June p......... 7,861,534 3,094,946 569,885 1,523,888 1,155 1,000,017 2,636,827 2,088,459 1,358,489 729,970 41,303 

 

1

 Includes Bank for International Settlements for data before June 2006. 

2

 Derived by applying reported transactions to benchmark data. 

3

 Includes current value of zero-coupon Treasury bond issues to foreign governments as 

follows: Mexico, beginning March 1990, 30-year maturity issue; Venezuela, beginning 

December 1990, 30-year maturity issue; Argentina, beginning April 1993, 30-year maturity 

issue. Also, see footnotes to table IFS-3. 

4

 Includes debt securities of U.S. Government corporations, federally-sponsored agencies 

and private corporations. 

5

 Includes liabilities payable in dollars to foreign banks and liabilities payable in foreign 

currencies to foreign banks and to “other foreigners.” 

6

 Includes marketable U.S. Government bonds and notes held by foreign banks. 

7

 Principally the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, the InterAmerican Development Bank, and the Asian Development Bank. For data as of June 

2006, also includes Bank for International Settlements. 

8

 Data on the two lines shown for this date reflect different benchmark bases for foreigners’ 

holdings of selected U.S. long-term securities. Figures on the first line are comparable to 

those for earlier dates; figures on the second line are based in part on benchmark surveys 

as of end-March 2000, end-June 2002, end-June 2003, end-June 2004, end-June 2005, 

end-June 2006 and end-June 2007 respectively, and are comparable to those shown for 

the following dates. 

Note.—Table is based on Treasury data and on data reported to the Treasury by banks, 

other depository institutions and brokers in the United States. Data generally correspond to 

statistics following in this section and in the “Capital Movements” section. Table excludes 

International Monetary Fund “holdings of dollars” and holdings of U.S. Treasury letters of 

credit and nonnegotiable noninterest-bearing special U.S. notes held by international and 

regional organizations. 
INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL STATISTICS 

September 2008 

47

TABLE IFS-3.—Nonmarketable U.S. Treasury Bonds and Notes Issued 

to Official Institutions and Other Residents of Foreign Countries 

[In millions of dollars. Source: Treasury International Capital Reporting System] 

Payable in dollars 

End of calendar 

year or month 

Grand total 

(1) 

Total 

(2) 

Argentina 1

(3) 

Mexico 2

(4) 

Venezuela 3

(5) 

 

2003 .............................................................................. 2,613 2,613 768 1,102 743 

2004 .............................................................................. 1,630 1,630 825 - 805 

2005 .............................................................................. 948 948 77 - 871 

2006 .............................................................................. 1,026 1,026 82 - 944 

 

2007 - June ................................................................... 1,067 1,067 85 - 982 

July .................................................................... 1,075 1,075 86 - 989 

Aug .................................................................... 1,082 1,082 86 - 996 

Sept ................................................................... 1,089 1,089 87 - 1,002 

Oct ..................................................................... 1,096 1,096 87 - 1,009 

Nov .................................................................... 1,103 1,103 88 - 1,015 

Dec .................................................................... 1,111 1,111 88 - 1,022 

2008 - Jan ..................................................................... 1,118 1,118 89 - 1,029 

Feb..................................................................... 1,125 1,125 89 - 1,036 

Mar..................................................................... 1,133 1,133 90 - 1,043 

Apr ..................................................................... 1,140 1,140 91 - 1,050 

May .................................................................... 1,148 1,148 91 - 1,057 

June................................................................... 1,155 1,155 91 - 1,064 

 

1

 Beginning April 1993, includes current value (principal and accrued interest) of zerocoupon, 30-year maturity Treasury bond issue to the government of Argentina. Remaining 

face value of issue is $264 million. 

2

 Beginning March 1990, indicates current value of zero-coupon, 30-year maturity issue to 

the government of Mexico. Remaining face value of issue is $3,821 million. Note: This 

issue was paid off in full and retired on January 29, 2004. 

3

 Beginning December 1990, indicates current value of zero-coupon, 30-year maturity 

Treasury bond issue to the Republic of Venezuela. Remaining face value of issue is 

$2,721 million. 
 

September 2008 

48 

INTRODUCTION: Capital Movements 

Background 

Data relating to U.S. international transactions in 

financial instruments and to other portfolio capital 

movements between the United States and foreign countries 

have been collected in some form since 1935. This 

information is necessary for compiling the U.S. balance of 

payments accounts, for calculating the U.S. international 

investment position, and for use in formulating U.S. 

international financial and monetary policies. 

From the beginning, reporting under the Treasury data 

collection program has been mandatory. Under the current 

Treasury International Capital (TIC) reporting system, an 

assortment of monthly and quarterly reports are filed with 

district Federal Reserve banks by commercial banks, 

securities dealers, other financial institutions, and 

nonbanking enterprises in the United States. These data are 

centrally processed and maintained at the Federal Reserve 

Bank of New York, which, along with the district banks, acts 

as fiscal agent for Treasury. Beginning in late 1998, the 

Federal Reserve Board also undertakes services on behalf of 

Treasury in support of the TIC data collection system. The 

TIC reports of individual respondents are treated as 

confidential, and access to the respondent level data is 

strictly limited to specific staff of Treasury and the Federal 

Reserve System. 

Data derived from Treasury reports are published in the 

Capital Movements section of this quarterly Treasury Bulletin 

and are posted monthly on the TIC website, 

http://www.ustreas.gov/tic. (See NOTE at the end of the 

INTRODUCTION text for additional website information.) 

TIC data aggregates are also published in the Federal Reserve 

Bulletin and are used in the U.S. international transactions and 

investment position compilations published by the 

Department of Commerce in the Survey of Current Business.

Forms and instructions are developed with the 

cooperation of other Government agencies and the Federal 

Reserve System and in consultation with representatives of 

banks, securities firms, and nonbanking enterprises. 

Requests for public comments on proposed changes are 

published in the Federal Register, and any further 

modifications are based on the comments received. The most 

recent revisions to selected reporting forms and instructions 

were effective June 30, 2006. The reporting forms and 

instructions may be downloaded from the TIC website. 

Copies of the reporting forms and instructions also may be 

obtained from the Global Economics Group, Office of the 

Assistant Secretary for International Affairs, Treasury, 

Washington, D.C. 20220; the International Finance Division, 

Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, 

Washington, D.C. 20551; or district Federal Reserve banks. 

Basic definitions 

The term “foreigner” as used in TIC reporting covers all 

institutions and individuals resident outside the United 

States, including: U.S. citizens domiciled abroad; the foreign 

branches, subsidiaries and offices of U.S. banks and business 

concerns; the central governments, central banks, and other 

official institutions of foreign countries, wherever located; 

and international and regional organizations, wherever 

located. The term “foreigner” also includes persons in the 

United States to the extent that they are known by reporting 

institutions to be acting on behalf of foreigners.

In general, information is reported opposite the country or 

geographical area where the foreigner is located, as shown on 

records of reporting institutions. This information may not 

always reflect the ultimate ownership of assets. Reporting 

institutions are not required to go beyond addresses shown on 

their records and may not be aware of the actual country of 

domicile of the ultimate beneficiary. 

Transactions with branches or agencies of foreign official 

institutions, wherever located, are reported opposite the 

country that has sovereignty over the institutions. Transactions 

with international and regional organizations are not reported 

opposite any single country, but are accounted for in regional 

groupings of such organizations. Effective beginning with 

data for June 2006, information pertaining to the Bank for 

International Settlements is now included with data for 

international organizations, and information for the European 

Central Bank is distributed across the individual euro-area 

countries. For prior dates, information for these organizations 

is included in “Other Europe”. 

“Short-term” refers to obligations payable on demand or 

having an original maturity of one year or less. “Long-term” 

refers to obligations having an original maturity of more 

than one year and includes securities having no maturity. 

Reporting coverage 

TIC reports are required from banks and other depository 

institutions, bank/financial holding companies (BHCs/FHCs), 

securities brokers and dealers, and nonbanking concerns in 

the United States, including the branches, agencies, 

subsidiaries, and other affiliates in the United States of 

foreign banking and nonbanking firms. Institutions with total 

reportable liabilities, claims, or securities transactions below 

specified reporting thresholds are exempt from reporting. 

Beginning in February 2003, substantial revisions to the 

coverage and formats of the TIC B-series and C-series forms 

were introduced. The reasons for the changes were to 

comply with new and expanded international standards for 

reporting data on portfolio investment; to reduce reporting 

burden; to clarify reporting concepts and instructions; and to 

improve the quality of the series by closing known gaps in 

the data. 
CAPITAL MOVEMENTS 

September 2008 

49

Banks, other depository institutions, and securities brokers 

and dealers file monthly B-series reports covering their dollar 

liabilities to and dollar claims on foreigners in a number of 

countries. Quarterly reports are filed for liabilities and claims 

denominated in foreign currencies and for claims on 

foreigners held for respondents’ domestic customers. All 

positions are exclusive of long-term securities. Beginning 

January 2001, the exemption level applicable to the banking 

reports was raised from $15 million to $50 million. This 

exemption level is also subject to the provision that reportable 

amounts for any one country do not exceed $25 million. 

Banks and other depository institutions, securities 

brokers and dealers, and other entities report their 

transactions with foreigners by country in long-term 

securities on monthly Form S. Respondents must report 

securities transactions with foreigners if their aggregate 

purchases or their aggregate sales amount to at least $50 

million during the covered month. 

TIC Form D is filed quarterly by all U.S. resident banks, 

securities dealers, and other firms with worldwide holding of 

derivatives in their own and in their customers’ accounts 

exceeding $100 billion in notional value. Data from this 

information collection was first released on May 15, 2007, 

with data on holdings beginning from end-December 2005, 

and data on net settlements beginning from the first quarter 

of 2006. 

Quarterly reports are also filed by exporters, importers, 

industrial and commercial concerns, financial institutions 

(other than banks, other depository institutions, and 

securities firms), and other nonbanking enterprises on their 

liabilities and claims positions with unaffiliated foreigners. 

Separate reports are filed for financial balances and for 

commercial balances. Effective for reports filed as of March 

31, 2003, the threshold applicable to Form CQ-1 for 

reporting financial liabilities to, and claims on, foreigners is 

$50 million, up from $10 million. At the same time, the 

reporting threshold for Form CQ-2, which covers 

commercial liabilities and claims positions with foreigners, 

was raised from $10 million to $25 million. 

Effective with the reports filed for June 2006, the country 

coverage of the monthly TIC forms was expanded 

significantly and the semiannual reports, which covered the 

smaller market economies, were discontinued. Country 

coverage was also expanded for the quarterly banking forms, 

the Form S, the Form D, and the Forms CQ-1 and CQ-2, 

effective with reports filed for June 2006. 

The data in these tables do not cover all types of reported 

capital movements between the United States and other 

countries. Except as noted in Section IV in “Description of 

statistics” below, the principal exclusions are the 

intercompany capital transactions of nonbanking business 

enterprises in the United States with their own branches and 

subsidiaries abroad or with their foreign parent companies 

(own foreign offices) and capital transactions of the U.S. 

Government. Consolidated data on all types of international 

capital transactions are published by the Department of 

Commerce in its regular reports on the U.S. balance of 

payments. 

Description of statistics 

Data collected on the TIC forms are published in the 

“Capital Movements” tables in four sections. Each section 

contains all the data relevant to the same statistical series, 

with tables showing time series by type and country, and 

detailed breakdowns of the latest available data. The 

expansion of the country coverage on the standard report 

forms allows for publication of additional country detail for 

data beginning as of June 2006. As a result, the former 

Capital Movements Section III, which listed bank-reported 

claims and liabilities of selected countries from the 

semiannual reports, has been discontinued. 

• Section I covers liabilities to foreigners reported by 

banks, other depository institutions, and securities brokers 

and dealers in the United States. BHCs/FHCs also report for 

all domestic nonbank, non-securities firm affiliates, other 

than their insurance affiliates, which report separately on the 

C-series forms. Dollar-denominated liabilities are reported 

monthly on Forms BL-1 and BL-2. Liabilities denominated 

in foreign currencies are reported quarterly on Form BQ-2. 

Respondents report certain of their own liabilities and a wide 

range of their custody liabilities to foreigners. Effective with 

reports filed as of February 28, 2003, coverage was 

broadened to cover the positions of U.S. broker-dealer 

respondents with their affiliated foreign offices. (Depository 

institutions and BHCs/FHCs already reported such 

positions.) The scope of the reports was also extended to 

include cross-border brokerage balances as well as offshore 

sweep accounts and loans to U.S. residents in “managed” 

foreign offices of U.S. reporting institutions. Additionally, in 

a new Part 2, Form BQ-2 was expanded to include the 

foreign currency-denominated liabilities held by respondents 

for their domestic customers. Further, banks’ own positions 

have been defined to be consistent with regulatory reports 

such as the FR 2950/2951 to include all amounts in the 

respondent’s “due to/due from” accounts, unless in an 

instrument that is specifically excluded. Finally, the columns 

for demand deposits and non-transactions accounts are now 

combined, as are short-term U.S. agency securities and other 

negotiable and readily transferable instruments. 

• Section II presents claims on foreigners reported 

by banks, other depository institutions, and securities 

brokers and dealers in the United States. BHCs/FHCs also 

report for their domestic nonbank and non-securities firm 

affiliates, other than their insurance affiliates, which report 

separately on the C-series forms. Data on respondents’ own 

dollar claims are collected monthly on Form BC. 

Information on claims held for domestic customers as well 

as on claims denominated in foreign currencies is collected 

on a quarterly basis only on Forms BQ-1 and BQ-2, 

respectively. Effective with reports filed as of February 28, 
CAPITAL MOVEMENTS 

September 2008 

50 

2003, reporting coverage was expanded as outlined in 

Section I. Additionally, columns were added for separate 

reporting of issued by foreigners. Further, the foreigner 

category, negotiable CDs and other short-term negotiable 

instruments issued by foreigners. Further, the foreigner 

category, “foreign official institutions,” replaced the former, 

broader category, “foreign public borrowers,” for 

consistency with the liabilities reporting on this sector. 

• Section III (formerly reported as Section IV) 

shows the liabilities to, and claims on, unaffiliated foreigners 

of exporters, importers, industrial and commercial concerns, 

financial institutions (other than banks, other depository 

institutions, and securities brokers and dealers), and other 

nonbanking enterprises in the United States. Data exclude 

claims on foreigners held by banks in the United States. 

Historically, the TIC reports CQ-1 and CQ-2 exclude 

accounts of nonbanking enterprises in the United States with 

their own branches and subsidiaries abroad or with their 

foreign parent companies. Such accounts with foreign 

affiliates are reported by business enterprises to Commerce 

on its direct investment forms. There was an exception when 

reporting of foreign affiliate positions of insurance 

underwriting subsidiaries and financial intermediaries was 

included in Section B of Form CQ-1 for reports between 

end-March 2003 and end-March 2006. That reporting 

requirement was discontinued with the reports beginning as 

of June 2006. 

• Section IV (formerly Section V) contains 

information on transactions with foreigners in long-term 

domestic and foreign securities as reported by banks, 

securities brokers and dealers, and other entities in the 

United States. The data cover transactions executed in the 

United States for the accounts of foreigners and transactions 

executed abroad for the accounts of reporting institutions 

and their domestic customers. This includes transactions in 

newly-issued securities as well as transactions in, and 

redemptions of, outstanding issues. However, the data do not 

include nonmarketable Treasury bonds and notes shown in 

table IFS-3. 

The geographical allocation of the transactions data 

indicates the country of location of the foreign buyers and 

sellers who deal directly with reporting institutions in the 

United States. The data do not necessarily indicate the 

country of beneficial owner or issuer, or the currency of 

denomination of securities. For instance, a U.S. purchaser’s 

order for Japanese securities may be placed directly with an 

intermediary in London. In this instance, the transaction for 

Form S reporting purposes would be recorded opposite the 

United Kingdom and not opposite Japan. Similarly, 

purchases and sales of U.S. securities for the account of an 

Italian resident may be placed, for example, in the Swiss 

market. In that case, the trades would be reported opposite 

Switzerland and not opposite Italy. 

• Section V presents quarterly data on holdings and 

net cash settlements of cross-border derivatives contracts 

reported by banks, securities brokers, dealers, and 

nonfinancial companies in the U.S. with sizable holdings of 

derivatives contracts. Total holdings are divided between 

those contracts with positive fair values and those contracts 

with negative fair values from the perspective of the 

reporter. The fair (market) value is generally defined as the 

amount for which a derivative contract could be exchanged 

in a current transaction between willing parties, other than in 

a forced or liquidation sale. 

The data on U.S. net settlements with foreign residents 

include all cash receipts and payments made during the 

quarter for the acquisition, sale, or final closeout of 

derivatives, including all settlement payments under the 

terms of derivatives contracts such as the periodic settlement 

under a swap agreement and the daily settlement of an 

exchange-traded contract. In calculating net settlements, 

U.S. receipts of cash from foreign persons are positive 

amounts (+), and U.S. payments of cash to foreign persons 

are negative amounts (-). Items excluded from net 

settlements are: (a) collateral including initial and 

maintenance margins, whether or not in the form of cash; 

and (b) purchases of underlying commodities, securities, or 

other noncash assets. (e.g., the purchase/sale by foreigners of 

a long-term security is reported on TIC Form S). 

The gross fair (market) values and net settlement 

payments on derivatives are reported by type of derivative 

and by country based on the residence of the direct foreign 

counterparty. Positions of foreign customers on U.S. 

exchanges are reported opposite the country in which the 

foreign counterparty resides. In the case of U.S. residents’ 

futures contracts on foreign exchanges, the country of the 

exchange is reported as the country of the foreign 

counterparty. 

NOTE: Current and historical data on United States 

transactions with foreigners in long-term securities on the 

gross foreign liabilities and claims reported by banks and 

nonbanks in the United States and on derivatives contracts 

with foreigners are available on the TIC website: 

http://www.ustreas.gov/tic. These data may be downloaded 

as separate time series for each country or geographical area 

regularly shown in the capital movements tables. Also 

available on this website are other series, including a table 

on “Major Foreign Holders of Treasury Securities,” showing 

estimated total holdings of U.S. Treasury bills, bonds and 

notes for current and recent periods. All data series on the 

TIC website are updated monthly. 
CAPITAL MOVEMENTS 

September 2008 

51

SECTION I.—Liabilities to Foreigners Reported by Banks 

in the United States 

Table CM-I-1.—Total Liabilities by Type and Holder 

[Position at end of period in millions of dollars. Source: Treasury International Capital Reporting System] 

2007 2008 

Type of Liability 

 Calendar 

 Year 

 2006 r Dec. r Jan. r Feb. r Mar. Apr. May June p 

Total liabilities to all foreigners ................................... 4,010,359 4,721,791 4,820,001 4,887,375 4,817,430 4,757,725 4,714,396 4,590,546 

Payable in dollars .................................................. 3,851,558 4,442,608 4,540,818 4,608,192 4,539,582 4,479,877 4,436,548 4,312,698 

Foreign official institutions ................................. 461,656 594,302 621,005 607,791 573,674 565,958 567,398 569,885 

Deposits, excluding negotiable CDs .............. 51,380 49,204 47,376 47,535 48,024 47,003 46,554 44,296 

U.S. Treasury bills and certificates ................ 176,829 196,344 207,123 204,319 201,281 215,088 218,769 225,760 

Other short-term negotiable securities, 

negotiable CDs, and other custody 

liabilities...................................................... 105,873 182,012 188,916 183,325 176,056 163,087 150,759 152,761 

Other liabilities............................................... 127,574 166,742 177,590 172,612 148,313 140,780 151,316 147,068 

Foreign banks (including own foreign 

 offices) and other foreigners ............................ 3,360,477 3,821,142 3,889,353 3,971,213 3,937,536 3,889,143 3,841,225 3,718,650 

Deposits, excluding negotiable CDs .............. 1,244,889 1,474,235 1,446,301 1,455,091 1,499,042 1,445,053 1,386,353 1,405,835 

U.S. Treasury bills and certificates ................ 73,257 103,092 103,212 120,473 150,692 141,668 147,394 148,749 

Other short-term negotiable securities, 

negotiable CDs, and other custody 

liabilities...................................................... 567,506 639,070 689,342 682,082 669,645 665,616 675,792 664,908 

Other liabilities............................................... 1,474,825 1,604,745 1,650,498 1,713,567 1,618,157 1,636,806 1,631,686 1,499,158 

International and regional organizations 1 .......... 29,425 27,164 30,460 29,188 28,372 24,776 27,925 24,163 

Deposits, excluding negotiable CDs .............. 19,021 17,784 18,663 16,918 16,386 14,624 13,872 13,408 

U.S. Treasury bills and certificates ................ 800 250 951 1,124 1,796 416 2,447 1,040 

Other short-term negotiable securities, 

negotiable CDs, and other custody 

liabilities...................................................... 2,855 3,985 4,728 6,009 5,632 5,255 5,312 5,104 

Other liabilities............................................... 6,749 5,145 6,118 5,137 4,558 4,481 6,294 4,611 

Payable in foreign currencies 2 .............................. 158,801 279,183 279,183 279,183 277,848 277,848 277,848 277,848 

Sector: 

Banks and other foreigners............................ 157,090 278,089 278,089 278,089 276,666 276,666 276,666 276,666 

International and regional organizations 1 .......... 1,711 1,094 1,094 1,094 1,182 1,182 1,182 1,182 

Major currencies: 

Canadian dollars............................................ 11,725 18,851 18,851 18,851 15,252 15,252 15,252 15,252 

Euro............................................................... 80,083 153,320 153,320 153,320 151,325 151,325 151,325 151,325 

United Kingdom pounds sterling.................... 17,597 18,002 18,002 18,002 19,910 19,910 19,910 19,910 

Japanese yen ................................................ 19,409 49,015 49,015 49,015 53,122 53,122 53,122 53,122 

Memoranda: 

Respondents’ own liabilities payable in 

 dollars.............................................................. 2,924,438 3,317,855 3,346,546 3,410,860 3,334,480 3,288,747 3,236,075 3,114,376 

Liabilities to own foreign offices ........................ 1,938,224 2,115,373 2,118,912 2,185,775 2,177,773 2,149,525 2,070,590 1,991,268 

Liabilities collaterized by repurchase 

 agreements................................................. 1,028,974 1,099,640 1,168,935 1,217,478 1,092,118 1,079,970 1,087,096 968,239 

Foreign official institutions ........................ 114,524 154,342 164,639 159,428 136,371 132,886 143,938 140,684 

Foreign banks and other foreigners........... 911,155 941,153 1,000,257 1,053,707 951,908 943,765 938,326 824,090 

International and regional organizations 1.......... 3,295 4,145 4,039 4,343 3,839 3,319 4,832 3,465 

Reported by IBFs........................................... 377,931 481,998 466,816 468,347 496,427 480,499 476,819 468,814 

Respondents’ own liabilities payable in 

 foreign currencies 2.......................................... 140,873 260,790 260,790 260,790 257,001 257,001 257,001 257,001 

Reported by IBFs........................................... 56,505 69,985 69,985 69,985 69,532 69,532 69,532 69,532 

Liabilities held in custody for domestic 

 customers and selected other liabilities 3 ......... 945,048 1,143,146 1,212,665 1,215,725 1,225,949 1,211,977 1,221,320 1,219,169 

Payable in dollars .......................................... 927,120 1,124,753 1,194,272 1,197,332 1,205,102 1,191,130 1,200,473 1,198,322 

of which: other short-term negotiable 

securities and negotiable CDs................ 371,732 504,389 552,266 545,123 524,752 517,824 513,050 506,627 

 of which: short-term U.S. Government 

 agency securities................................ 113,865 200,152 211,055 202,438 186,202 180,566 165,199 168,075 

 of which: negotiable CDs........................ 66,155 97,746 114,076 119,006 124,953 126,418 133,182 129,460 

Payable in foreign currencies 2 ...................... 17,928 18,393 18,393 18,393 20,847 20,847 20,847 20,847 

 1

 Principally the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (World Bank) and 

the Inter-American Development Bank. 

2

 Data may be as of preceding quarter-end for most recent month shown in table. 

3

 Selected other liabilities are primarily the liabilities of the customers of banks to U.S. 

managed foreign offices and other foreign institutions. 
CAPITAL MOVEMENTS 

September 2008 

52 

TABLE CM-I-2.—Total Liabilities by Country 

[Position at end of period in millions of dollars. Source: Treasury International Capital Reporting System] 

 Calendar year 2008 

Country 2005 2006 r 2007 r Feb. r Mar. Apr. May June p

Europe: 

Austria ................................................. 3,607 3,934 4,988 3,999 4,801 4,578 4,677 6,236

Belgium ............................................... 17,105 15,595 22,489 25,748 20,442 24,866 20,536 20,567

Bulgaria ............................................... 139 88 148 172 232 158 95 106

Cyprus 1 .............................................. n.a. 634 1,068 624 662 820 662 711

Czech Republic.................................... 1,446 1,353 1,435 1,084 1,010 998 1,753 1,122

Denmark.............................................. 1,544 969 791 680 1,014 764 1,031 4,756

Finland................................................. 3,767 3,362 1,456 1,845 2,017 2,062 1,490 1,532

France ................................................. 76,016 83,606 73,346 86,991 86,994 90,199 79,669 82,973

Germany.............................................. 70,867 92,815 146,830 154,289 177,632 179,469 176,682 170,518

Greece................................................. 1,212 1,488 1,354 1,319 1,147 1,234 1,549 1,842

Hungary............................................... 527 820 1,219 688 707 990 665 683

Iceland 1 .............................................. n.a. 431 667 363 436 201 406 119

Ireland.................................................. 68,669 84,414 113,834 147,529 154,967 161,105 166,548 163,434

Italy...................................................... 8,149 9,301 10,973 11,467 9,603 9,084 11,309 11,279

Kazakhstan 1 ....................................... n.a. 6,145 5,953 5,269 6,173 8,426 7,272 8,299

Luxembourg ........................................ 62,804 73,989 108,402 121,326 125,482 113,748 109,098 105,274

Monaco 1 ............................................ n.a. 380 206 216 227 246 226 167

Netherlands ......................................... 16,460 26,781 26,118 38,354 37,068 36,061 43,974 37,131

Norway ................................................ 27,927 42,401 48,070 41,262 31,344 30,203 29,642 30,765

Poland ................................................. 6,340 7,475 19,651 19,526 32,194 32,644 32,001 28,811

Portugal ............................................... 2,883 2,720 2,999 3,251 4,001 2,263 2,926 3,270

Romania .............................................. 565 492 581 473 416 516 700 462

Russia ................................................. 101,355 62,736 104,741 94,643 83,578 91,535 88,355 92,700

Serbia and Montenegro 2 .................... 119 295 532 939 846 412 530 334

Spain ................................................... 10,060 9,805 12,973 11,643 14,598 15,858 14,725 15,754

Sweden................................................ 4,796 3,890 7,723 6,142 6,566 6,993 3,638 4,800

Switzerland .......................................... 141,498 63,546 58,172 52,107 47,850 45,705 43,148 40,068

Turkey.................................................. 10,006 10,457 12,152 16,870 15,976 18,655 16,578 18,576

Ukraine 1 ............................................. n.a. 919 1,392 1,327 1,362 1,604 1,971 2,043

United Kingdom................................... 590,505 926,069 1,055,219 1,103,095 1,042,225 1,003,233 981,474 889,233

Channel Islands .................................. 29,737 33,857 25,478 22,154 20,728 19,619 16,036 14,558

All other Europe 1................................. 23,540 3,852 4,897 4,877 6,651 6,756 6,240 6,948

Total Europe.................................... 1,281,643 1,574,620 1,875,857 1,980,273 1,938,948 1,911,003 1,865,604 1,765,071

Memo: Euro Area 3 ............................................. 341,599 407,811 525,762 608,603 639,789 641,742 634,175 620,819

Memo: European Union 4 ................... n.a. 1,349,799 1,615,154 1,741,426 1,726,650 1,689,901 1,657,315 1,552,611

Canada .................................................... 38,051 49,396 67,249 78,823 79,119 77,286 80,403 84,355

Latin America: 

Argentina ............................................. 9,775 10,628 12,085 11,413 12,513 12,809 12,344 11,894

Belize 5 ................................................ n.a. 484 303 275 314 290 299 328

Bolivia 5 ............................................... n.a. 2,123 2,558 2,339 2,537 2,930 2,649 2,718

Brazil.................................................... 12,898 16,271 24,899 27,837 17,883 15,754 28,616 24,556

Chile .................................................... 9,045 16,926 15,758 14,987 14,854 16,714 13,936 14,555

Colombia ............................................. 6,521 11,702 11,029 11,150 9,908 10,531 11,060 11,069

Costa Rica 5 ........................................ n.a. 2,967 2,501 2,930 3,206 3,682 3,645 3,506

Ecuador ............................................... 3,426 3,431 3,294 3,562 3,698 3,731 3,826 3,460

El Salvador 5 ....................................... n.a. 1,964 2,362 2,463 2,442 2,613 2,516 2,654

Guatemala ........................................... 1,660 1,444 1,847 1,932 1,885 1,923 1,949 2,056

Guyana 5 ............................................. n.a. 98 141 121 143 118 147 126

Honduras 5 .......................................... n.a. 2,594 2,160 1,881 1,888 1,877 1,835 1,994

Mexico ................................................. 44,738 45,846 53,005 52,971 52,095 52,842 52,457 50,021

Nicaragua 5 ......................................... n.a. 238 214 243 312 284 278 389

Panama ............................................... 5,334 7,183 7,010 6,780 7,720 7,689 7,627 7,145

Paraguay 5 .......................................... n.a. 672 693 665 827 768 683 652

Peru..................................................... 3,062 4,281 5,281 5,834 5,868 7,062 6,397 6,701

Suriname 5 .......................................... n.a. 128 128 134 144 141 174 136

Uruguay ............................................... 4,976 6,139 6,497 6,146 6,765 6,293 6,466 5,841

Venezuela............................................ 27,535 22,883 23,559 25,094 24,649 24,284 26,595 26,532

All other Latin America 5 ...................... 8,595 8 15 27 24 22 21 45

Total Latin America.......................... 137,565 158,010 175,339 178,784 169,675 172,357 183,520 176,378

Caribbean: 

Anguilla 6 ............................................ n.a. 3,149 13,065 10,151 10,642 8,381 9,745 8,608

Antigua and Barbuda 6 ........................ n.a. 186 217 216 259 237 238 229

Aruba 6 ................................................ n.a. 408 265 407 531 607 576 436

Bahamas ............................................. 213,833 257,200 286,620 275,918 290,331 289,866 285,898 292,993

Barbados 6 .......................................... n.a. 18,680 21,627 21,216 21,377 17,024 17,055 16,387

Bermuda .............................................. 52,361 55,502 49,731 48,548 48,663 46,109 47,737 50,675

British Virgin Islands 6 ......................... n.a. 22,082 34,858 35,036 39,201 42,015 40,116 39,711

Cayman Islands .................................. 922,518 1,316,517 1,509,570 1,557,853 1,525,604 1,517,802 1,500,784 1,489,068

Cuba.................................................... 120 82 80 87 87 92 94 93

Dominican Republic 6 .......................... n.a. 3,895 3,826 3,954 3,678 3,703 3,629 3,507

French West Indies 6 ........................... n.a. 19 35 39 35 48 37 38

Haiti 6 .................................................. n.a. 495 552 580 559 606 618 659

Jamaica ............................................... 970 1,056 1,357 1,245 1,094 1,147 1,139 1,505

Netherlands Antilles............................. 6,398 8,503 10,127 7,987 9,523 9,285 8,286 7,287

See footnotes at end of table. 
CAPITAL MOVEMENTS 

September 2008 

53

TABLE CM-I-2.—Total Liabilities by Country, con. 

[Position at end of period in millions of dollars. Source: Treasury International Capital Reporting System] 

 Calendar year 2008 

Country 2005 2006 r 2007 r Feb. r Mar. Apr. May June p

 

Caribbean, con. 

St. Kitts and Nevis 6 .......................... n.a. 90 121 126 107 110 108 111

Trinidad and Tobago......................... 2,836 3,354 3,388 2,519 3,211 2,888 2,902 4,056

Turks and Caicos Islands 6 ............... n.a. 165 208 248 263 303 239 210

All other Caribbean 6 ........................ 32,620 157 189 204 206 225 231 209

Total Caribbean ............................ 1,231,656 1,691,540 1,935,836 1,966,334 1,955,371 1,940,448 1,919,432 1,915,782

Asia: 

Bangladesh 7 .................................... n.a. 824 889 1,286 987 954 731 1,456

China, Mainland ............................... 46,466 44,474 94,365 95,938 86,938 84,261 68,399 58,346

Hong Kong........................................ 35,246 44,639 47,124 47,553 46,022 44,533 48,594 43,067

India.................................................. 13,860 18,813 18,256 17,593 15,468 12,253 12,957 14,531

Indonesia.......................................... 4,213 4,386 5,220 3,832 3,818 3,774 3,119 4,739

Israel................................................. 9,828 7,327 7,792 9,289 8,873 9,769 11,889 13,029

Japan................................................ 161,951 141,655 190,097 176,879 183,485 179,869 178,944 180,086

Jordan 7 ............................................ n.a. 2,146 1,179 1,028 1,349 1,038 1,363 1,254

Korea, South..................................... 27,200 28,099 35,243 32,763 32,022 21,829 22,261 21,968

Laos 7 .............................................. n.a. 120 380 263 266 256 240 243

Lebanon............................................ 797 1,168 1,032 852 790 943 1,028 1,210

Malaysia ........................................... 2,287 3,847 2,851 3,458 3,344 3,159 2,865 2,607

Pakistan............................................ 1,768 1,282 1,463 1,645 1,644 1,484 1,740 1,971

Philippines ........................................ 3,780 3,857 4,926 3,658 3,834 3,419 3,039 3,822

Singapore ......................................... 20,291 30,831 38,704 35,387 36,260 37,645 34,088 34,383

Syria ................................................. 28 25 24 22 22 25 55 26

Taiwan.............................................. 23,287 22,952 26,058 29,628 28,482 24,293 24,029 22,357

Thailand............................................ 9,966 8,319 14,151 13,619 11,796 15,150 19,828 17,977

Yemen 7 ........................................... n.a. 179 202 214 169 363 218 152

Oil exporting countries 8 .................... 50,659 70,314 80,593 89,235 92,393 93,559 105,189 105,456

All other Asia 7 ................................. 7,258 5,893 5,052 6,953 6,951 6,447 5,456 5,402

Total Asia ..................................... 418,885 441,150 575,601 571,095 564,913 545,023 546,032 534,082

Africa: 

Botswana 9 ....................................... n.a. 236 925 1,147 163 467 636 672

Egypt ................................................ 4,953 2,252 3,683 4,483 5,637 4,786 4,040 4,476

Ghana............................................... 572 389 346 298 355 329 318 513

Kenya 9 ............................................ n.a. 234 612 402 447 518 570 425

Liberia............................................... 217 469 422 420 369 350 342 358

Mauritius 9 ........................................ n.a. 641 6,436 10,771 12,171 15,109 16,439 17,561

Morocco............................................ 138 198 180 272 223 211 170 274

Mozambique 9 .................................. n.a. 87 126 86 106 116 109 137

South Africa ...................................... 3,054 1,565 1,649 2,823 3,596 3,004 3,403 2,983

Tanzania 9 ........................................ n.a. 363 407 420 407 365 329 379

Uganda 9 .......................................... n.a. 926 1,233 1,189 1,171 1,121 1,070 930

Zambia 9 .......................................... n.a. 143 190 154 164 178 146 183

Zimbabwe 9 ...................................... n.a. 78 105 74 79 85 92 90

Oil exporting countries 10 .................. 6,880 4,457 6,131 4,612 3,327 3,743 4,184 4,681

All other Africa 9 ............................... 4,313 2,981 3,443 4,115 4,987 5,012 5,260 3,548

Total Africa ................................... 20,127 15,019 25,888 31,266 33,202 35,394 37,108 37,210

Other countries: 

Australia............................................ 18,427 26,178 15,035 27,125 21,122 25,161 28,131 27,448

New Zealand .................................... 3,028 4,543 3,190 3,854 3,473 3,096 3,225 3,263

French Polynesia 11 ......................... n.a. 63 83 91 98 98 86 78

All other 11 ........................................ 14,612 18,704 19,455 19,448 21,955 21,901 21,748 21,534

Total other ................................... 36,067 49,488 37,763 50,518 46,648 50,256 53,190 52,323

All countries .......................................... 3,163,994 3,979,223 4,693,533 4,857,093 4,787,876 4,731,767 4,685,289 4,565,201

International and regional orgs: 

International organizations............... 17,598 26,862 24,201 25,786 25,107 21,513 24,721 20,634

Regional organizations 12 ................ 5,153 4,274 4,057 4,496 4,447 4,445 4,386 4,711

Total international and 

 regional organizations................ 22,751 31,136 28,258 30,282 29,554 25,958 29,107 25,345

Grand total................................ 3,186,745 4,010,359 4,721,791 4,887,375 4,817,430 4,757,725 4,714,396 4,590,546

1

 Before June 2006, data for Cyprus, Iceland, Kazakhstan, Monaco, and Ukraine are included 

in “All other Europe.” 

2

 On February 4, 2003, Yugoslavia changed its name to Serbia and Montenegro. Data for 

other entities of the former Yugoslavia recognized as independent states by the United States 

are reported under “All other Europe” as follows: Beginning in December 1992 for Bosnia and 

Herzegovina, Croatia, and Slovenia; and beginning in June 1994 for the former Yugoslav 

Republic of Macedonia. 

3

 Includes Austria, Belgium, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, 

the Netherlands, Portugal, and Spain. For data as of January 2008, also includes Cyprus, 

Malta, and Slovenia. 

4 As of May 2004, the European Union includes Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, the Czech Republic, 

Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, 

Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, and 

the United Kingdom. Data available beginning June 2006. As of January 2007, also includes 

Bulgaria and Romania. 

5 Before June 2006, data for the Belize, Bolivia, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guyana, Honduras, 

Nicaragua, Paraguay, and Suriname are included in “All other Latin America.” 

6

 Before June 2006, data for Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, Aruba, Barbados, the British 

Virgin Islands, the Dominican Republic, the French West Indies (primarily Guadeloupe and 

Martinique), Haiti, St. Kitts and Nevis, and the Turks and Caicos Islands are included in “All 

other Caribbean.” 

7

 Before June 2006, data for Bangladesh, Jordan, Laos, and Yemen are included in “All other Asia.” 

8

 Includes Bahrain, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and United Arab Emirates 

(Trucial States). 

9

 Before June 2006, data for Botswana, Kenya, Mauritius, Mozambique, Tanzania, Uganda, 

Zambia, and Zimbabwe are included in “All other Africa.” 

10 Includes Algeria, Gabon, Libya, and Nigeria. 11 Before June 2006, data for French Polynesia are included in “All other.” 12 Includes European, Latin American, Caribbean, Asian, African, and Middle East regional 

organizations.
CAPITAL MOVEMENTS 

September 2008 

54 

TABLE CM-I-3.—Total Liabilities by Type and Country, June 30, 2008, Preliminary 

[Position at end of period in millions of dollars. Source: Treasury International Capital Reporting System] 

Liabilities payable in dollars 

Non-negotiable 

deposits and 

brokerage balances 1

Negotiable CDs and short-term 

negotiable securities 

Other Miscellaneous 

liabilities 2 

Country 

Total 

liabilities 

payable in 

dollars and 

foreign 

currency 

(1) 

Total 

liabilities 

payable in 

dollars 

(2) 

Total own 

liabilities 

payable in 

dollars 

(3) 

Total 

custody 

liabilities 

payable in 

dollars 

(4) 

Held by 

foreign 

official 

institutions 

and foreign 

banks 

(5) 

Held by all 

other 

foreigners

(6) 

Of which: 

short-term 

U.S. 

Treasury 

obligations 

(7) 

Of which: 

other shortterm 

negotiable 

securities

(excl. CDs)

(8) 

Of which: 

negotiable 

CDs 

(9) 

Held by 

foreign 

official 

institutions 

and foreign 

banks 

(10) 

Held by all 

other 

foreigners 

(11) 

 Total 

liabilities 

payable in 

foreign 

currency 3

(12) 

Europe: 

Austria .............................. 6,236 5,968 4,572 1,396 2,670 243 256 414 588 1,793 3 268

Belgium ............................ 20,567 20,383 7,128 13,255 4,213 400 1,511 2,459 9,272 2,031 497 184

Cyprus 4............................ 711 711 695 16 446 247 12 1 3 2 - -

Czech Republic ................ 1,122 1,101 300 801 114 58 800 1 - 128 - 21

Denmark........................... 4,756 4,753 4,205 548 537 75 91 341 54 3,655 - 3

Finland.............................. 1,532 1,326 398 928 85 222 269 1 626 123 - 206

France .............................. 82,973 73,698 51,704 21,994 11,673 2,637 3,605 11,743 5,994 17,177 20,870 9,275

Germany........................... 170,518 87,160 73,165 13,995 35,638 2,230 4,661 4,400 2,456 35,398 2,378 83,358

Greece.............................. 1,842 1,823 1,775 48 591 912 12 15 11 282 1 19

Hungary............................ 683 457 343 114 225 66 100 - 1 65 - 226

Ireland .............................. 163,434 163,191 22,498 140,693 8,063 2,282 8,082 84,786 42,082 4,950 12,947 243

Italy................................... 11,279 8,495 5,399 3,096 2,472 872 591 1,534 634 2,349 43 2,784

Kazakhstan 4 .................... 8,299 8,112 2,022 6,090 908 6 3,898 2,192 - 1,108 - 187

Luxembourg ..................... 105,274 103,951 37,099 66,851 8,711 1,047 44,095 17,139 4,166 2,295 26,497 1,323

Monaco 4 .......................... 167 166 157 9 45 112 2 7 - - - 1

Netherlands ...................... 37,131 35,776 26,934 8,842 5,500 3,361 1,018 5,812 1,020 8,669 10,395 1,355

Norway ............................. 30,765 30,516 29,337 1,179 418 328 426 602 151 28,586 5 249

Poland .............................. 28,811 28,731 17,834 10,897 646 83 190 10,705 2 17,105 - 80

Portugal............................ 3,270 3,260 2,967 293 2,650 245 200 78 6 80 1 10

Romania........................... 462 462 462 - 58 35 - - - 369 - -

Russia .............................. 92,700 92,667 8,177 84,490 7,113 197 18,563 65,515 4 1,243 32 33

Spain ................................ 15,754 13,583 10,396 3,187 5,302 1,330 656 361 2,057 3,714 162 2,171

Sweden............................. 4,800 4,768 1,169 3,599 660 233 113 1,351 1,911 491 9 32

Switzerland ....................... 40,068 37,467 16,655 20,812 9,452 1,998 10,963 7,557 2,191 5,179 127 2,601

Turkey............................... 18,576 18,508 2,134 16,374 1,203 141 16,283 32 56 790 3 68

Ukraine 4........................... 2,043 2,043 2,028 15 1,750 23 - - 15 255 - -

United Kingdom ................ 889,233 839,474 808,711 30,763 111,123 20,512 7,452 9,551 7,250 305,170 378,416 49,759

Channel Islands................ 14,558 14,382 11,477 2,905 8,212 1,849 625 1,071 1,011 209 1,405 176

All other Europe 4............... 7,507 5,989 4,859 1,129 809 395 1,045 7 21 3,709 3 1,518

Total Europe.................. 1,765,071 1,608,921 1,154,601 454,320 231,287 42,139 125,520 227,674 81,582 446,925 453,794 156,150

Memo: Euro Area 5........ 620,819 519,492 244,896 274,596 88,050 16,141 64,969 128,742 68,916 78,880 73,794 101,327

Canada................................... 84,355 77,108 56,740 20,368 6,164 10,411 6,340 7,965 4,954 36,809 4,465 7,247

Latin America: 

Argentina............................ 11,894 11,725 10,225 1,500 433 9,155 838 256 385 451 207 169

Belize 6 ............................... 328 328 282 46 60 158 2 22 22 59 5 -

Bolivia 6 .............................. 2,718 2,684 1,142 1,542 186 916 812 395 335 36 4 34

Brazil .................................. 24,556 24,016 22,385 1,631 3,643 4,286 956 563 69 13,860 639 540

Chile................................... 14,555 13,993 9,062 4,931 4,510 3,216 1,155 2,364 1,377 1,265 106 562

Colombia............................ 11,069 11,010 5,487 5,523 1,257 3,916 4,138 915 470 297 17 59

Costa Rica 6 ....................... 3,506 3,496 1,986 1,510 1,017 592 35 47 1,428 368 9 10

Ecuador.............................. 3,460 3,431 3,240 191 904 2,114 81 42 63 143 84 29

El Salvador 6 ...................... 2,654 2,652 1,337 1,315 657 477 243 335 702 230 8 2

Guatemala ......................... 2,056 2,026 1,806 220 216 1,139 38 124 54 429 26 30

Honduras 6 ......................... 1,994 1,973 1,925 48 1,165 669 1 2 45 74 17 21

Mexico................................ 50,021 49,350 31,887 17,463 11,268 19,019 11,863 4,672 886 1,189 453 671

Panama.............................. 7,145 7,093 5,221 1,872 2,344 2,566 737 922 210 213 101 52

Paraguay 6 ......................... 652 649 621 28 102 501 4 6 18 - 18 3

Peru.................................... 6,701 6,539 6,121 418 4,185 1,147 1 174 240 784 8 162

Uruguay ............................. 5,841 5,736 4,505 1,231 791 1,943 611 182 408 1,472 329 105

Venezuela.......................... 26,532 25,855 23,264 2,591 7,100 15,280 229 1,521 789 457 479 677

All other Latin America 6 .... 696 696 677 19 322 306 2 2 15 44 5 -

Total Latin America ....... 176,378 173,252 131,173 42,079 40,160 67,400 21,746 12,544 7,516 21,371 2,515 3,126

Caribbean: 

Aruba 7 ............................... 436 436 354 82 151 166 41 12 29 20 17 -

Bahamas............................ 292,993 291,771 289,769 2,002 196,268 5,793 1,437 260 176 83,656 4,181 1,222

Barbados 7 ......................... 16,387 16,089 2,244 13,845 1,814 297 1,287 6,390 6,134 130 37 298

Bermuda ............................ 50,675 49,436 28,850 20,586 3,247 18,656 9,012 10,455 952 271 6,843 1,239

See footnotes at end of table. 
CAPITAL MOVEMENTS 

September 2008 

55

TABLE CM-I-3.—Total Liabilities by Type and Country, June 30, 2008, Preliminary, con. 

[Position at end of period in millions of dollars. Source: Treasury International Capital Reporting System] 

Liabilities payable in dollars 

Non-negotiable 

 deposits and 

brokerage balances 1

Negotiable CDs and short-term 

negotiable securities 

Other 

Miscellaneous 

 liabilities 2

Country 

Total 

liabilities 

payable in 

dollars and 

foreign 

currency 

(1) 

Total 

liabilities 

payable in 

dollars 

(2) 

Total own 

liabilities 

payable in 

dollars 

(3) 

Total 

custody 

liabilities 

payable in 

dollars 

(4) 

Held by 

foreign 

official 

institutions 

and foreign 

banks 

(5) 

Held by all 

other 

foreigners

(6) 

Of which: 

short-term 

U.S. 

Treasury 

obligations 

(7) 

Of which: 

other shortterm 

negotiable 

securities

(excl. CDs)

(8) 

Of which: 

negotiable 

CDs 

(9) 

Held by 

foreign 

official 

institutions 

and foreign 

banks 

(10) 

Held by all 

other 

foreigners 

(11) 

 Total 

liabilities 

payable in 

foreign 

currency 3

(12) 

Caribbean, con. 

British Virgin Islands 7 .............. 39,711 38,719 22,470 16,249 24 20,647 11,093 4,129 778 1 2,047 992

Cayman Islands....................... 1,489,068 1,456,170 1,110,343 345,827 507,187 127,752 18,899 34,142 4,495 611,347 152,348 32,898

Dominican Republic 7 .............. 3,507 3,444 3,292 152 766 2,365 1 64 73 104 71 63

Haiti 7........................................ 659 659 616 43 178 257 - 17 26 176 5 -

Jamaica.................................... 1,505 1,458 1,414 44 575 358 34 6 4 475 6 47

Netherlands Antilles................. 7,287 7,250 4,491 2,759 2,012 997 2,131 593 31 376 1,110 37

Trinidad and Tobago................ 4,056 3,976 3,295 681 1,995 311 57 574 15 989 35 80

All other Caribbean 7................ 9,498 8,114 7,841 273 227 4,533 196 27 35 11 3,085 1,384

Total Caribbean.................. 1,915,782 1,877,522 1,474,979 402,543 714,444 182,132 44,188 56,669 12,748 697,556 169,785 38,260

Asia: China, Mainland....................... 58,346 58,336 25,690 32,646 8,734 1,424 13,183 16,931 501 17,535 28 10

Hong Kong............................... 43,067 40,667 22,791 17,876 9,859 6,128 2,249 14,484 918 3,819 3,210 2,400

India ......................................... 14,531 14,504 4,659 9,845 1,755 1,285 1,999 7,551 10 1,688 216 27

Indonesia ................................. 4,739 4,733 2,816 1,917 1,170 358 1,472 381 64 1,278 10 6

Israel ........................................ 13,029 12,999 5,716 7,283 830 1,903 5,545 1,136 568 2,980 37 30

Japan ....................................... 180,086 133,489 63,346 70,143 33,242 6,730 59,883 4,752 2,419 23,451 3,012 46,597

Jordan 8 .................................... 1,254 1,254 1,093 161 822 44 60 - 101 226 1 -

Korea, South............................ 21,968 21,718 12,043 9,675 4,781 540 750 5,341 3,503 6,664 139 250

Malaysia................................... 2,607 2,593 2,171 422 1,213 121 165 222 16 837 19 14

Pakistan ................................... 1,971 1,971 1,377 594 698 136 314 241 9 547 26 -

Philippines................................ 3,822 3,711 3,199 512 2,207 471 348 122 41 520 2 111

Singapore................................. 34,383 33,750 29,866 3,884 24,076 1,179 2,151 1,411 262 4,536 135 633

Taiwan...................................... 22,357 22,318 19,601 2,717 7,083 5,742 1,775 272 650 6,772 24 39

Thailand ................................... 17,977 17,828 1,976 15,852 548 288 15,794 28 13 1,156 1 149

All other Asia 8.......................... 113,945 113,812 35,213 78,599 12,153 1,816 63,292 10,961 4,175 20,923 492 133

Total Asia............................. 534,082 483,683 231,557 252,126 109,171 28,165 168,980 63,833 13,250 92,932 7,352 50,399

Africa: Egypt........................................ 4,476 4,471 2,250 2,221 1,469 111 2,053 44 124 670 - 5

Ghana ...................................... 513 512 512 - 131 34 - - - 347 - 1

Kenya 9..................................... 425 425 417 8 242 96 6 2 - 79 - -

Liberia ...................................... 358 352 281 71 3 196 57 13 1 79 3 6

Morocco ................................... 274 274 260 14 212 30 - 1 1 18 12 -

South Africa ............................. 2,983 2,964 2,409 555 1,971 181 409 20 126 251 6 19

All other Africa 9 ....................... 28,181 27,971 24,897 3,074 5,095 858 3,008 57 9 2,752 16,192 210

Total Africa........................... 37,210 36,969 31,026 5,943 9,123 1,506 5,533 137 261 4,196 16,213 241

Other countries: Australia ................................... 27,448 27,103 13,738 13,365 5,421 1,047 1,308 5,506 6,344 4,139 3,338 345

New Zealand............................ 3,263 3,213 1,922 1,291 972 146 869 410 12 755 49 50

All other.................................... 21,612 764 621 143 143 300 25 97 21 176 2 20,848

Total other........................... 52,323 31,080 16,281 14,799 6,536 1,493 2,202 6,013 6,377 5,070 3,389 21,243

All countries.................................. 4,565,201 4,288,535 3,096,357 1,192,178 1,116,885 333,246 374,509 374,835 126,688 1,304,859 657,513 276,666

International and regional orgs: International organizations....... 20,634 19,534 15,485 4,049 - 11,693 944 523 2,582 - 3,792 1,100

Regional organizations10 ......... 4,711 4,629 2,534 2,095 - 1,715 96 1,809 190 - 819 82

Total International and 

 regional organizations ...... 25,345 24,163 18,019 6,144 - 13,408 1,040 2,332 2,772 - 4,611 1,182

Grand total ...................... 4,590,546 4,312,698 3,114,376 1,198,322 1,116,885 346,654 375,549 377,167 129,460 1,304,859 662,124 277,848

1

 Excludes negotiable certificates of deposit. 

2

 Includes both banks' own liabilities and banks' customer liabilities to foreigners primarily in 

the form of loans, including loans associated with repurchase agreements, and nonnegotiable short-term securities. 

3

 Foreign currency data are as of the previous quarter-end. 

4

 Before June 2006, data for Cyprus, Kazakhstan, Monaco, and Ukraine are included in "All 

other Europe." 

5

 Includes Austria, Belgium, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, 

the Netherlands, Portugal, and Spain. For data as of January 2008, also includes Cyprus, 

Malta, and Slovenia . 

6

 Before June 2006, data for Belize, Bolivia, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Honduras, and 

Paraguay are included in "All other Latin America." 

7

 Before June 2006, data for Aruba, Barbados, British Virgin Islands, Dominican Republic, 

and Haiti are included in "All other Caribbean." 

8

 Before June 2006, data for Jordan are included in "All other Asia." 

9

 Before June 2006, data for Kenya are included in "All other Africa." 

10 Includes European, Latin American, Caribbean, Asian, African, and Middle East regional 

organizations.
CAPITAL MOVEMENTS 

September 2008 

56 

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

2004 2005 2006 2007 June 2008

United Kingdom All other Europe Caribbean banking centers

Japan All other Asia All other countries

(In billions of dollars)

CHART CM-A.—U.S. Liabilities to Foreigners 

Reported by U.S. Banks, Brokers, and Dealers with Respect to Selected Countries 

[In millions of dollars. Source: Treasury International Capital Reporting System] 

Calendar years 

Country 2004 2005 2006 2007 June 2008 

 

United Kingdom............................ 501,721 590,505 926,069 1,055,219 889,233

All other Europe ........................... 611,774 691,138 648,551 820,638 875,838

Caribbean banking centers 1 ......... 1,186,221 1,200,444 1,666,987 1,897,916 1,886,879

Japan............................................ 173,872 161,951 141,655 190,097 180,086

All other Asia ................................ 260,142 256,934 299,495 385,504 353,996

Subtotal ...................................... 2,733,730 2,900,972 3,682,757 4,349,374 4,186,032

All other countries ........................ 284,143 285,773 327,602 372,417 404,514

Grand total ................................. 3,017,873 3,186,745 4,010,359 4,721,791 4,590,546

1

 Includes Bahamas, Bermuda, Cayman Islands, Netherlands Antilles, and Panama. For data beginning June 2006, also 

includes the British Virgin Islands. 

U.S. liabilities to foreigners 

reported by U.S. banks were 

recorded at $4.6 trillion in June 

2008, a decrease of $131 billion 

from yearend 2007. U.S. 

banking liabilities include 

foreign holdings of U.S. shortterm securities but exclude 

foreign holdings of U.S. longterm securities. U.S. banking 

liabilities increased about $711 

billion in 2007, about $824 

billion in 2006, and about $169 

billion in 2005. However, much 

of the increase in liabilities to 

foreigners in 2006 reflects 

changes in coverage in the 

bank-reported data in the first 

and second quarters of 2006. 

Between June and December of 

2006, when data were reported 

on a consistent basis, banking 

liabilities increased about $250 

billion. 

U.S. banking liabilities are 

concentrated in international 

financial centers. The data on 

this page show that more than 

60 percent of U.S. banking 

liabilities is currently recorded 

against the United Kingdom 

and banking centers in the 

Caribbean. These financial 

centers have recorded most of 

the growth in banking liabilities 

in recent years. Foreigners 

domiciled in the rest of Europe 

and in Asia account for about 

one-third of U.S. banking 

liabilities. 
 CAPITAL MOVEMENTS 

September 2008 

57

SECTION II.—Claims on Foreigners Reported by Banks in the United States 

TABLE CM-II-1.—Total Claims by Type 

[Position at end of period in millions of dollars. Source: Treasury International Capital Reporting System] 

 2007 2008 

Type of Claim 

Calendar 

Year 

2006 r Mar. r June r Sept. r Dec. Mar. p 

Total claims.............................................................. 3,140,564 3,371,838 3,593,754 3,715,894 3,837,533 4,042,131 

Payable in dollars.................................................. 2,944,476 3,164,208 3,368,944 3,487,160 3,594,268 3,775,248 

Own claims on foreigners................................... 2,291,340 2,514,366 2,633,268 2,713,379 2,818,514 3,032,903 

Foreign official institutions............................... 98,010 92,666 96,012 86,503 108,136 101,405 

Foreign public borrowers................................. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. 

Foreign banks, including own foreign 

offices........................................................... 1,662,805 1,846,668 1,904,381 1,963,989 2,060,830 2,237,857 

All other foreigners .......................................... 530,525 575,032 632,875 662,887 649,548 693,641 

Claims of domestic customers.............................. 653,136 649,842 735,676 773,781 775,754 742,345 

Payable in foreign currencies .................................. 196,088 207,630 224,810 228,734 243,265 266,883 

Own claims on foreigners ..................................... 131,530 130,372 143,525 148,539 168,572 182,798 

of which: 

Canadian dollars.............................................. 16,024 14,291 24,797 35,415 32,713 30,991 

Euros................................................................ 65,947 71,791 67,638 56,479 75,051 81,156 

United Kingdom pounds sterling...................... 18,871 15,218 15,088 13,837 14,432 16,593 

Japanese yen................................................... 14,463 15,511 17,827 19,463 23,909 27,715 

Claims of domestic customers.............................. 64,558 77,258 81,285 80,195 74,693 84,085 

of which: 

Canadian dollars.............................................. 4,814 4,797 4,261 4,873 3,008 2,703 

Euros................................................................ 47,468 62,721 67,539 62,161 60,501 67,014 

United Kingdom pounds sterling...................... 7,068 4,612 3,348 3,925 3,160 5,197 

Japanese yen................................................... 1,676 1,345 381 2,739 2,817 3,109 

Memoranda: 

Total own claims on foreigners ............................. 2,422,870 2,644,738 2,776,793 2,861,918 2,987,086 3,215,701 

Non-negotiable deposits .................................... 983,110 1,051,952 1,065,498 990,963 1,045,027 1,193,009 

Short-term negotiable instruments 

(payable in dollars)............................................. 15,508 18,053 18,834 39,876 48,082 44,867 

Resale agreements ............................................ 664,373 739,410 794,401 843,785 800,427 851,626 

Other................................................................... 759,879 835,323 898,060 987,294 1,093,550 1,126,199 

Claims on own foreign offices............................... 1,639,474 1,842,273 1,854,092 1,896,032 2,032,682 2,203,520 

Claims reported by IBFs ....................................... 562,430 659,669 648,582 615,052 686,623 646,189 

Payable in dollars............................................... 524,907 619,843 606,879 578,337 644,202 608,557 

Payable in foreign currencies............................. 37,523 39,826 41,703 36,715 42,421 37,632 

Total claims held for domestic customers ............ 717,694 727,100 816,961 853,976 850,447 826,430 

Non-negotiable deposits .................................... 312,635 343,115 365,866 391,445 444,722 428,680 

Short-term negotiable instruments 

(payable in dollars)............................................. 353,438 334,582 401,187 400,291 357,802 348,991 

Other ..................................................................... 51,621 49,403 49,908 62,240 47,923 48,759 

 

 
CAPITAL MOVEMENTS 

September 2008 

58 

TABLE CM-II-2.—Total Claims by Country 

[Position at end of period in millions of dollars. Source: Treasury International Capital Reporting System] 

2006 2007 2008 

Country 

Calendar 

year 

2005 Sept. r Dec. r Mar. r June r Sept. r Dec. Mar. p 

 

Europe: 

Austria .................................................... 5,432 8,420 8,563 8,309 8,572 9,189 8,083 7,980

Belgium................................................... 14,095 19,955 20,258 33,993 43,167 23,449 26,646 28,020

Bulgaria .................................................. 23 38 38 39 38 37 30 52

Czech Republic ...................................... 3,413 2,583 3,546 3,232 3,604 2,113 4,049 2,662

Denmark................................................. 2,619 1,845 2,770 5,699 1,757 2,393 10,314 10,984

Finland.................................................... 9,610 15,054 10,360 14,933 15,143 24,206 30,533 27,748

France .................................................... 131,334 171,400 165,030 190,458 199,784 189,510 205,395 235,915

Germany................................................. 48,290 54,150 45,429 59,267 71,143 87,355 79,934 93,045

Greece.................................................... 116 902 1,081 1,421 1,442 1,409 1,658 1,963

Hungary.................................................. 121 133 157 185 187 252 378 216

Ireland..................................................... 41,916 47,427 62,881 71,841 70,771 68,653 81,003 100,600

Italy ......................................................... 23,200 35,098 41,462 38,332 34,782 43,098 51,856 63,530

Kazakhstan 1........................................... n.a. 446 510 725 863 754 688 732

Luxembourg ........................................... 14,772 17,569 16,033 17,679 26,823 22,636 27,017 25,167

Netherlands ............................................ 30,557 39,309 38,723 45,310 60,364 73,708 63,710 72,195

Norway ................................................... 19,083 32,130 35,117 28,204 25,101 28,875 28,938 27,307

Poland .................................................... 1,840 1,593 1,115 1,842 3,454 3,999 8,242 17,108

Portugal .................................................. 1,138 1,904 1,988 2,245 2,506 2,840 3,113 3,672

Romania ................................................. 288 265 290 217 209 200 195 178

Russia..................................................... 1,320 1,762 4,254 1,819 1,777 3,334 1,869 1,638

Spain ...................................................... 10,809 14,910 15,969 32,377 25,154 26,085 32,753 56,322

Sweden................................................... 27,865 37,800 29,377 28,572 31,026 37,643 35,525 28,760

Switzerland............................................. 151,785 141,707 112,020 170,752 183,080 191,315 201,020 184,253

Turkey..................................................... 3,459 4,112 5,429 3,754 3,678 3,718 3,735 3,989

United Kingdom...................................... 627,105 865,734 938,123 974,980 1,043,097 1,164,018 1,148,546 1,209,932

Channel Islands...................................... 42,827 41,027 45,533 48,523 56,782 43,199 36,414 20,802

All other Europe 1.................................... 18,996 2,460 4,193 3,501 3,689 3,689 3,632 3,418

Total Europe ........................................ 1,232,013 1,559,734 1,610,249 1,788,209 1,917,993 2,057,677 2,095,276 2,228,186

Memo: Euro Area 2 .................................... 331,269 426,099 427,777 516,165 559,651 572,139 611,701 717,612

Memo: European Union 3 .......................... n.a. 1,336,094 1,404,001 1,532,513 1,644,892 1,784,534 1,820,644 1,987,539

Canada...................................................... 94,997 101,465 106,662 109,057 134,332 141,494 140,364 161,077

Latin America: 

Argentina ................................................ 2,507 2,435 2,977 2,880 3,631 4,197 4,251 4,346

Bolivia 4 ................................................... n.a. 173 157 139 172 166 169 172

Brazil....................................................... 15,621 15,003 20,454 22,354 25,578 32,740 31,500 28,278

Chile ....................................................... 6,990 7,335 7,152 6,120 6,489 7,887 9,829 10,267

Colombia ................................................ 2,506 2,766 2,915 4,104 4,287 6,208 4,972 4,953

Costa Rica 4 ............................................ n.a. 721 733 780 782 797 1,028 1,217

Ecuador.................................................. 602 589 612 581 777 896 993 886

El Salvador 4 ........................................... n.a. 874 872 871 901 801 831 797

Guatemala.............................................. 903 919 1,055 1,135 1,108 1,235 1,348 1,358

Honduras 4 .............................................. n.a. 382 433 461 417 606 494 493

Mexico .................................................... 15,194 18,466 17,936 19,257 19,824 23,028 24,582 26,843

Nicaragua ............................................... n.a. 99 89 89 82 74 83 93

Panama .................................................. 2,359 2,928 2,556 2,670 3,525 3,456 4,118 4,794

Paraguay 4 .............................................. n.a. 40 41 60 79 92 108 130

Peru ........................................................ 1,242 1,360 1,474 1,416 2,250 2,150 3,092 4,487

Uruguay.................................................. 486 527 361 1,119 341 1,083 415 403

Venezuela .............................................. 2,613 2,582 2,477 2,651 2,791 3,013 2,580 2,152

All other Latin America 4......................... 2,632 77 37 147 34 63 70 194

Total Latin America.............................. 53,655 57,276 62,331 66,834 73,068 88,492 90,463 91,863

Caribbean: 

Anguilla 5 ................................................ n.a. 4,373 5,281 2,575 3,479 3,140 6,493 7,796

Bahamas ................................................ 167,880 208,785 194,510 200,268 196,649 203,177 236,829 271,563

Barbados 5 .............................................. n.a. 429 471 372 794 352 445 557

See footnotes at end of table. 
 CAPITAL MOVEMENTS 

September 2008 

59

TABLE CM-II-2.—Total Claims by Country, con. 

[Position at end of period in millions of dollars. Source: Treasury International Capital Reporting System] 

2006 2007 2008 

Country 

Calendar 

year 

2005 Sept. r Dec. r Mar. r June r Sept. r Dec. Mar. p 

 

Caribbean, con. 

Bermuda...................................... 20,875 22,964 21,721 29,321 18,845 20,379 12,330 19,430

British Virgin Islands 5.................. n.a. 4,828 4,270 5,934 7,420 5,190 4,857 6,012

Cayman Islands........................... 674,769 769,663 835,646 884,896 948,695 941,913 964,334 968,107

Dominican Republic 5 .................. n.a. 488 650 615 571 630 686 720

Haiti 5............................................ n.a. 34 50 56 67 56 46 52

Jamaica ....................................... 448 721 695 768 592 666 687 751

Netherlands Antilles .................... 4,558 3,962 2,686 2,897 2,634 4,877 4,624 5,085

Trinidad and Tobago ................... 957 792 1,055 1,034 680 524 673 724

All other Caribbean 5 ................... 8,687 362 383 563 627 584 770 786

Total Caribbean........................ 878,174 1,017,401 1,067,418 1,129,299 1,181,053 1,181,488 1,232,774 1,281,583

Asia: 

China, Mainland. ......................... 14,957 15,413 15,915 19,326 20,709 18,095 19,359 16,641

Hong Kong .................................. 9,042 10,316 8,300 6,500 7,506 7,477 10,263 10,545

India............................................. 2,669 3,072 3,209 3,209 3,514 4,563 4,588 4,620

Indonesia..................................... 523 477 559 549 525 583 1,030 1,089

Israel............................................ 5,827 6,284 6,568 6,390 7,680 6,451 5,031 4,902

Japan........................................... 114,713 139,368 157,671 136,611 130,634 104,827 97,453 107,064

Jordan 6........................................ n.a. 23 21 21 33 49 54 21

Korea, South ............................... 17,470 29,474 25,258 24,841 26,815 14,392 28,247 28,379

Lebanon....................................... 53 21 20 27 39 53 51 52

Malaysia ...................................... 834 851 947 627 1,104 1,913 1,987 1,166

Pakistan....................................... 33 63 29 42 105 218 164 64

Philippines ................................... 1,820 1,177 1,020 1,094 1,123 1,233 1,271 1,835

Singapore .................................... 8,210 7,745 5,519 5,347 6,163 5,663 6,661 7,863

Taiwan......................................... 8,909 5,921 3,607 3,880 6,140 3,887 1,651 3,086

Thailand....................................... 8,183 7,798 6,585 6,131 5,607 2,349 5,963 2,483

Asian oil exporters 7 .................... 13,670 11,951 11,789 13,281 15,470 15,643 23,969 14,696

All other Asia 6 ............................. 187 133 424 614 929 723 799 1,554

Total Asia.................................. 207,100 240,087 247,441 228,490 234,096 188,119 208,541 206,060

Africa: 

Cameroon 8.................................. n.a. 22 20 16 16 12 11 9

Egypt ........................................... 661 1,181 1,833 1,692 1,331 1,713 1,488 1,773

Ghana.......................................... 19 8 13 19 8 31 30 42

Liberia.......................................... 267 316 296 266 322 371 331 338

Morocco....................................... 94 71 84 77 85 47 50 45

South Africa................................. 414 473 640 416 438 431 730 617

African oil exporters 9 .................. 339 335 414 326 295 321 453 1,301

All other Africa 8 ........................... 252 447 251 269 388 424 6,570 13,594

Total Africa ............................... 2,046 2,853 3,551 3,081 2,883 3,350 9,663 17,719

Other countries: 

Australia....................................... 18,569 29,344 26,600 32,769 36,902 42,716 43,463 36,546

New Zealand ............................... 3,601 3,276 4,147 2,929 2,838 2,170 4,541 6,124

All other ....................................... 178 219 242 364 335 357 316 486

Total other countries................. 22,348 32,839 30,989 36,062 40,075 45,243 48,320 43,156

Total foreign countries ........... 2,490,333 3,011,655 3,128,641 3,361,032 3,583,500 3,705,863 3,825,401 4,029,644

International and regional orgs: 

International organizations.......... 8,086 10,270 11,279 10,236 9,779 9,371 10,930 11,333

Regional organizations 10 ............ 1,980 832 644 570 475 660 1,202 1,154

Total international 

and regional organizations............ 10,066 11,102 11,923 10,806 10,254 10,031 12,132 12,487

Grand total ............................. 2,500,399 3,022,757 3,140,564 3,371,838 3,593,754 3,715,894 3,837,533 4,042,131

1

 Before June 2006, data for Kazakhstan are included in “All other Europe.” 

2 Includes Austria, Belgium, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, 

Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Portugal, and Spain. As of January 2007, the euro area 

also includes Slovenia; however, separate data for Slovenia are not available. 

3 As of May 2004, the European Union includes Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, the Czech 

Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, 

Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, 

Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, and the United Kingdom. Data available beginning June 2006. 

As of January 2007, also includes Bulgaria and Romania. 

4 Before June 2006, data for Bolivia, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Honduras, and Paraguay 

are included in “All other Latin America.” 

5

 Before June 2006, data for Anguilla, Barbados, the British Virgin Islands, Dominican 

Republic, and Haiti are included in “All other Caribbean.” 

6

 Before June 2006, data for Jordan are included in “All other Asia.” 

7

 Includes Bahrain, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and United Arab 

Emirates (Trucial States). 

8

 Before June 2006, data for Cameroon are included in “All other Africa.” 

9 Includes Algeria, Gabon, Libya, and Nigeria. 

10 Includes European, Latin American, Caribbean, Asian, African, and Middle East 

organizations. 
CAPITAL MOVEMENTS 

September 2008 

60 

TABLE CM-II-3.—Total Claims on Foreigners by Type and Country, March 31, 2008 

[Position at end of period in millions of dollars. Source: Treasury International Capital Reporting System] 

Respondents’ own claims 

Claims of domestic customers 

Country 

Total 

claims 

(1) 

Total 

own 

claims

(2) 

Total 

own 

claims 

payable in 

dollars 

(3) 

Foreign 

official 

institutions

and foreign

banks 

(4) 

Claims 

on all 

other 

foreigners 

(5) 

Payable 

in 

foreign 

currencies 

(6) 

Total 

custom

er 

claims 

(7) 

Payable 

in 

dollars 

(8) 

Payable in

foreign

currencies

(9) 

Europe: 

Austria ............................................... 7,980 4,662 4,625 1,960 2,665 37 3,318 1,803 1,515

Belgium.............................................. 28,020 22,994 22,646 19,425 3,221 348 5,026 2,888 2,138

Czech Republic ................................. 2,662 2,648 2,605 2,604 1 43 14 1 13

Denmark............................................ 10,984 2,303 2,196 1,860 336 107 8,681 8,654 27

Finland............................................... 27,748 24,866 24,830 24,673 157 36 2,882 1,758 1,124

France ............................................... 235,915 202,154 189,078 159,975 29,103 13,076 33,761 20,722 13,039

Germany............................................ 93,045 56,333 45,542 36,898 8,644 10,791 36,712 19,434 17,278

Greece............................................... 1,963 580 178 114 64 402 1,383 1 1,382

Hungary............................................. 216 197 117 22 95 80 19 - 19

Ireland................................................ 100,600 64,755 64,302 43,185 21,117 453 35,844 33,877 1,967

Italy .................................................... 63,530 53,706 43,923 43,693 230 9,783 9,824 279 9,545

Kazakhstan1 ...................................... 732 732 704 592 112 28 - - -

Luxembourg ...................................... 25,167 15,807 14,028 3,887 10,141 1,779 9,360 6,841 2,519

Netherlands ....................................... 72,195 57,855 55,574 23,523 32,051 2,281 14,340 10,636 3,704

Norway .............................................. 27,307 19,982 19,760 18,784 976 222 7,325 7,074 251

Poland ............................................... 17,108 17,081 17,022 17,017 5 59 27 - 27

Portugal ............................................. 3,672 1,846 1,809 1,577 232 37 1,826 540 1,286

Romania ............................................ 178 178 148 4 144 30 - - -

Russia................................................ 1,638 1,634 1,611 1,346 265 23 4 4 -

Spain ................................................. 56,322 39,646 37,286 36,978 308 2,360 16,676 10,993 5,683

Sweden.............................................. 28,760 7,591 6,832 5,264 1,568 759 21,169 20,629 540

Switzerland........................................ 184,253 176,392 174,732 168,749 5,983 1,660 7,861 7,724 137

Turkey................................................ 3,989 3,984 3,548 2,712 836 436 5 4 1

United Kingdom................................. 1,209,932 1,030,644 995,555 714,270 281,285 35,089 179,288 171,786 7,502

Channel Islands .................................. 20,802 13,769 13,387 10,152 3,235 382 7,033 5,558 1,475

All other Europe 1............................... 3,470 2,423 1,369 987 382 1,054 1,047 1,002 45

Total Europe ................................... 2,228,186 1,824,762 1,743,406 1,340,250 403,156 81,356 403,424 332,208 71,216

Memo: Euro Area 2 ............................... 717,612 546,184 504,041 396,039 108,002 42,143 171,428 110,222 61,206

Canada................................................. 161,077 128,199 101,847 90,731 11,116 26,352 32,878 30,306 2,572

Latin America: 

Argentina ........................................... 4,346 4,261 3,970 1,050 2,920 291 85 35 50

Bolivia 3 .............................................. 172 172 156 2 154 16 - - -

Brazil.................................................. 28,278 28,194 26,746 15,016 11,730 1,448 84 63 21

Chile .................................................. 10,267 10,259 9,108 4,552 4,556 1,151 8 3 5

Colombia ........................................... 4,953 4,945 3,428 1,759 1,669 1,517 8 4 4

Costa Rica 3 ....................................... 1,217 1,212 1,120 350 770 92 5 - 5

Ecuador............................................. 886 878 872 186 686 6 8 6 2

El Salvador 3 ...................................... 797 797 779 189 590 18 - - -

Guatemala......................................... 1,358 1,358 1,328 628 700 30 - - -

Honduras 3 ......................................... 493 493 493 226 267 - - - -

Mexico ............................................... 26,843 26,401 25,319 1,877 23,442 1,082 442 387 55

Panama ............................................. 4,794 4,743 4,514 3,451 1,063 229 51 47 4

Peru ................................................... 4,487 3,985 3,631 1,599 2,032 354 502 4 498

Uruguay............................................. 403 400 286 55 231 114 3 2 1

Venezuela ......................................... 2,152 2,035 1,930 340 1,590 105 117 109 8

All other Latin America 3.................... 417 414 414 207 207 - 3 2 1

Total Latin America......................... 91,863 90,547 84,094 31,487 52,607 6,453 1,316 662 654

 

See footnotes at end of table. 
 CAPITAL MOVEMENTS 

September 2008 

61

TABLE CM-II-3.—Total Claims on Foreigners by Type and Country, March 31, 2008, con. 

[Position at end of period in millions of dollars. Source: Treasury International Capital Reporting System] 

 Respondents’ own claims 

Claims of domestic customers 

Country 

Total 

claims 

(1) 

Total own 

claims 

(2) 

Total own 

claims 

payable in 

dollars 

(3) 

Foreign 

official 

institutions

and foreign

banks 

(4) 

Claims on

all other

foreigners

(5) 

Payable in

foreign 

currencies

(6) 

Total 

customer 

claims 

(7) 

Payable

in 

dollars

(8) 

Payable in 

foreign 

currencies 

(9) 

Caribbean: 

Bahamas ........................................... 271,563 196,491 195,177 187,403 7,774 1,314 75,072 74,709 363 

Bermuda............................................ 19,430 19,430 17,358 36 17,322 2,072 - - - 

British Virgin Islands 4........................ 6,012 5,853 3,246 29 3,217 2,607 159 131 28 

Cayman Islands................................. 968,107 683,325 642,592 514,577 128,015 40,733 284,782 281,441 3,341 

Dominican Republic 4 ........................ 720 680 671 168 503 9 40 33 7 

Jamaica ............................................. 751 751 722 171 551 29 - - - 

Netherlands Antilles .......................... 5,085 5,018 4,586 223 4,363 432 67 66 1 

Trinidad and Tobago ......................... 724 724 723 213 510 1 - - - 

All other Caribbean 4 ......................... 9,191 9,190 7,768 203 7,565 1,422 1 1 - 

Total Caribbean.............................. 1,281,583 921,462 872,843 703,023 169,820 48,619 360,121 356,381 3,740 

Asia: 

China, Mainland ................................ 16,641 16,425 14,991 14,214 777 1,434 216 168 48 

Hong Kong ........................................ 10,545 9,573 8,892 7,082 1,810 681 972 68 904 

India................................................... 4,620 4,512 4,380 3,549 831 132 108 69 39 

Indonesia........................................... 1,089 1,055 1,007 722 285 48 34 5 29 

Israel.................................................. 4,902 3,635 3,591 3,403 188 44 1,267 1,255 12 

Japan................................................. 107,064 102,195 90,736 74,735 16,001 11,459 4,869 4,308 561 

Korea, South ..................................... 28,379 27,433 27,288 26,520 768 145 946 464 482 

Malaysia ............................................ 1,166 368 277 225 52 91 798 26 772 

Pakistan............................................. 64 63 47 33 14 16 1 - 1 

Philippines ......................................... 1,835 1,750 1,689 1,107 582 61 85 1 84 

Singapore .......................................... 7,863 7,799 6,368 4,547 1,821 1,431 64 7 57 

Taiwan............................................... 3,086 2,763 2,522 2,118 404 241 323 12 311 

Thailand............................................. 2,483 2,477 2,455 2,439 16 22 6 4 2 

All other Asia ..................................... 16,323 15,909 14,821 12,806 2,015 1,088 414 398 16 

Total Asia........................................ 206,060 195,957 179,064 153,500 25,564 16,893 10,103 6,785 3,318 

Africa: 

Egypt ................................................. 1,773 370 370 193 177 - 1,403 11 1,392 

Ghana................................................ 42 37 11 10 1 26 5 5 - 

Liberia................................................ 338 338 279 7 272 59 - - - 

Morocco............................................. 45 35 15 14 1 20 10 10 - 

South Africa....................................... 617 516 395 349 46 121 101 94 7 

All other Africa ................................... 14,904 14,802 14,618 1,181 13,437 184 102 42 60 

Total Africa ..................................... 17,719 16,098 15,688 1,754 13,934 410 1,621 162 1,459 

Other countries: 

Australia............................................. 36,546 24,106 22,835 17,007 5,828 1,271 12,440 11,752 688 

New Zealand ..................................... 6,124 3,280 1,836 1,508 328 1,444 2,844 2,826 18 

All other ............................................. 486 486 486 2 484 - - - - 

Total other countries....................... 43,156 27,872 25,157 18,517 6,640 2,715 15,284 14,578 706 

Total foreign countries ................. 4,029,644 3,204,897 3,022,099 2,339,262 682,837 182,798 824,747 741,082 83,665 

International and regional orgs: 

International organizations................ 11,333 10,365 10,365 - 10,365 - 968 767 201 

Regional organizations 5.................... 1,154 439 439 - 439 - 715 496 219 

Total international and regional 

organizations .................................. 12,487 10,804 10,804 - 10,804 - 1,683 1,263 420 

Grand total ................................... 4,042,131 3,215,701 3,032,903 2,339,262 693,641 182,798 826,430 742,345 84,085 

1

 Before June 2006, data for Kazakhstan are included in “All other Europe.” 

2

 Includes Austria, Belgium, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, 

the Netherlands, Portugal, and Spain. As of January 2007, the euro area also includes 

Slovenia; however, separate data for Slovenia are not avaliable. 

3

 Before June 2006, data for Bolivia, Costa Rica, El Salvador, and Honduras are included in 

“All other Latin America.”

4

 Before June 2006, data for the British Virgin Islands and Dominican Republic are 

included in “All other Caribbean.” 

5

 Includes European, Latin American, Caribbean, Asian, African, and Middle East 

regional organizations. 
CAPITAL MOVEMENTS 

September 2008 

62 

[In millions of dollars. Source: Treasury International Capital Reporting System] 

Calendar years 

Country 2004 2005 2006 2007 Mar. 2008

United Kingdom .............................. 567,001 627,105 938,123 1,148,546 1,209,932 

All other Europe .............................. 527,615 604,908 672,126 946,730 1,018,254 

Caribbean banking centers 1,2......... 755,954 870,441 1,061,389 1,227,092 1,274,991 

Japan .............................................. 102,859 114,713 157,671 97,453 107,064 

All other Asia................................... 70,601 92,387 89,770 111,088 98,996 

Subtotal......................................... 2,024,030 2,309,554 2,919,079 3,530,909 3,709,237 

All other countries ........................... 164,411 190,845 221,485 306,624 332,894 

Grand total .................................... 2,188,441 2,500,399 3,140,564 3,837,533 4,042,131 

1

 Includes Bahamas, Bermuda, British West Indies, Netherlands Antilles, and Panama. 2

 Beginning January 2001, Cayman Islands replaced British West Indies in reporting format. 

CHART CM-B.—U.S. Claims on Foreigners 

Reported by U.S. Banks, Brokers, and Dealers with Respect to Selected Countries

In March 2008, U.S. claims on 

foreigners reported by U.S. 

banks amounted to about $4.0 

trillion, an increase of $205 

billion from the level recorded 

at yearend 2007. U.S. banking 

claims include holdings of 

foreign short-term securities but 

exclude holdings of foreign 

long-term securities. U.S. 

banking claims increased $697 

billion in 2007 and $640 billion 

in 2006, but part of the latter 

increase reflects changes in 

coverage in the bank-reported 

data in the first and second 

quarters of 2006. Between June 

and December of 2006, when 

data were reported on a 

consistent basis, banking claims 

increased about $209 billion. 

Banking claims increased $312 

billion in 2005. 

As with U.S. banking liabilities, 

U.S. banking claims on 

foreigners are concentrated in 

international financial centers. 

About 60 percent of these 

claims are reported opposite the 

United Kingdom and banking 

centers in the Caribbean. The 

share of claims against 

foreigners domiciled in Asia 

has declined over the past 

several years from about 20 

percent at the end of 1996 to 

around 5 percent currently. 

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

1000

1100

1200

1300

1400

2004 2005 2006 2007 Mar. 2008

United Kingdom All other Europe Caribbean banking centers

Japan All other Asia All other countries

(In billions of dollars)
CAPITAL MOVEMENTS 

September 2008 

63

SECTION III.—Liabilities to, and Claims on, Unaffiliated Foreigners 

Reported by Nonbanking Business Enterprises 

in the United States 

TABLE CM-III-1.—Total Liabilities and Claims by Type 

[Position at end of period in millions of dollars. Source: Treasury International Capital Reporting System] 

Calendar year 2007 2008 

Type of liability or claim 2004 2005 2006 Mar. June Sept. Dec. Mar. p 

 

Total liabilities ................................................ 92,009 76,710 89,217 89,729 106,508 112,853 103,833 111,383 

Payable in dollars....................................... 55,386 58,728 72,331 66,250 82,029 84,072 79,159 85,213 

Financial................................................. 29,575 24,003 35,033 27,136 31,589 29,103 26,474 23,995 

Short-term negotiable securities........ 1,410 3,248 8,266 3,093 2,220 3,016 1,983 2,391 

Other .................................................. 28,165 20,755 26,767 24,043 29,369 26,087 24,491 21,604 

Commercial............................................ 25,811 34,725 37,298 39,114 50,440 54,969 52,685 61,218 

Trade payables .................................. 16,705 21,751 24,415 25,801 26,985 28,257 26,564 30,370 

Advance receipts and other............... 9,106 12,974 13,903 14,493 24,628 27,743 27,111 31,860 

Payable in foreign currencies .................... 36,623 17,982 16,886 23,479 24,479 28,781 24,674 26,170 

By major foreign currency: 

Canadian dollars................................ 2,623 2,525 3,536 1,860 2,035 1,500 2,162 2,655 

Euros.................................................. 10,125 5,041 5,239 11,315 12,031 13,488 9,075 10,496 

United Kingdom pounds sterling........ 19,041 3,640 4,494 5,862 4,585 4,307 4,267 4,261 

Japanese yen..................................... 1,860 2,326 1,770 1,775 2,778 3,673 3,908 4,249 

Other .................................................. 2,974 4,450 1,847 2,667 3,050 5,813 5,262 4,509 

By type of liability: 

Financial............................................. 33,272 15,246 13,679 19,953 21,060 25,948 21,445 22,180 

Short-term negotiable securities.... 10,349 5,802 3,351 4,599 4,563 1,647 2,940 5,360 

Other .............................................. 22,923 9,444 10,328 15,354 16,497 24,301 18,505 16,820 

Commercial........................................ 3,351 2,736 3,207 3,526 3,419 2,833 3,229 3,990 

Trade payables .............................. 1,476 1,299 1,258 1,364 1,252 1,065 1,302 2,033 

Advance receipts and other........... 1,875 1,437 929 982 994 737 937 945 

Total claims.................................................... 143,232 144,950 126,032 131,225 137,231 144,477 136,044 138,720 

Payable in dollars....................................... 94,884 105,700 100,031 98,336 106,269 105,282 109,698 114,900 

Financial................................................. 67,445 75,802 66,871 64,047 66,625 65,146 66,726 72,086 

Non-negotiable deposits .................... 42,005 42,140 28,380 25,922 23,844 25,583 28,393 32,219 

Negotiable CDs and short-term 

 negotiable instruments..................... 9,739 12,888 2,624 498 2,141 1,235 1,168 1,504 

Other .................................................. 16,314 20,774 35,867 37,627 40,640 38,328 37,165 38,363 

Commercial............................................ 27,439 29,898 33,160 34,289 39,644 40,136 42,972 42,814 

Trade receivables .............................. 24,778 26,080 30,225 30,757 33,616 34,096 37,672 36,513 

Advance payments and other............ 2,661 3,818 4,371 4,472 6,966 6,888 6,369 7,253 

Payable in foreign currencies .................... 48,348 39,250 26,001 32,889 30,962 39,195 26,346 23,820 

By major foreign currency: 

Canadian dollars................................ 1,841 9,829 9,194 4,944 4,387 5,024 5,371 5,751 

Euros.................................................. 22,212 10,643 6,951 17,640 16,572 16,622 10,833 8,962 

United Kingdom pounds sterling........ 10,805 8,341 4,675 5,670 4,557 4,274 4,210 3,612 

Japanese yen..................................... 7,583 3,724 1,027 998 1,125 9,398 1,378 1,139 

Other .................................................. 5,907 6,713 4,154 3,637 4,321 3,877 4,554 4,356 

By type of claim: 

Financial............................................. 43,072 35,592 21,775 29,026 27,169 35,638 21,305 19,754 

Non-negotiable deposits ................ 5,878 8,009 3,529 2,415 3,384 11,237 1,498 1,613 

Short-term negotiable securities.... 153 292 120 81 82 109 77 72 

Other .............................................. 37,041 27,291 18,126 26,530 23,703 24,292 19,730 18,069 

Commercial........................................ 5,276 3,658 4,226 3,863 3,793 3,557 5,041 4,066 

Trade receivables .......................... 4,451 3,151 2,577 2,503 2,385 2,424 3,748 2,932 

Advance payments and other........ 825 507 213 420 470 285 224 182 

 
CAPITAL MOVEMENTS 

September 2008 

64 

TABLE CM-III-2.—Total Liabilities to Unaffiliated Foreigners by Country 

[Position at end of period in millions of dollars. Source: Treasury International Capital Reporting System] 

Calendar year 2007 2008 

Country 2003 2004 2005 2006 Mar. June Sept. Dec. Mar. p 

Europe: 

Austria.................................. 82 146 68 91 64 97 350 230 90

Belgium 1 .............................. 163 74 73 181 95 429 197 492 308

Bulgaria................................ 3 2 - 44 54 48 26 36 34

Czech Republic.................... 6 34 17 14 17 14 21 25 52

Denmark............................... 67 41 78 132 132 133 1,030 937 269

Finland ................................. 47 38 20 140 28 77 38 63 69

France.................................. 4,443 2,368 2,631 2,562 2,497 2,180 3,133 3,165 3,297

Germany .............................. 4,386 3,935 3,646 12,391 5,729 8,465 8,325 4,977 3,127

Greece ................................. 474 248 401 182 163 180 197 187 199

Hungary................................ 11 14 12 18 13 14 18 46 16

Ireland .................................. 856 1,070 1,636 316 168 629 475 1,569 925

Italy....................................... 1,154 795 1,174 1,040 1,117 1,195 1,375 1,196 1,106

Luxembourg 1....................... 705 824 378 977 816 643 483 235 197

Netherlands.......................... 668 668 895 1,709 1,096 959 1,171 1,194 1,036

Norway................................. 445 1,365 3,537 545 274 480 327 721 516

Poland.................................. 26 151 229 330 360 410 412 385 371

Portugal................................ 7 22 39 27 35 146 404 205 122

Romania............................... 30 33 4 9 14 6 7 6 10

Russia 2 ................................ 71 74 64 110 121 169 305 306 411

Serbia and Montenegro 

(formerly Yugoslavia) 3 .... - 2 4 1 11 1 4 3 6

Spain.................................... 1,068 591 399 269 268 417 627 533 754

Sweden ................................ 656 800 747 952 912 824 951 438 237

Switzerland .......................... 1,884 1,078 1,237 1,070 1,807 1,683 1,580 1,703 2,006

Turkey .................................. 302 180 137 261 348 487 642 754 754

United Kingdom ................... 26,911 32,878 15,093 17,339 25,615 29,267 27,475 23,350 25,270

Channel Islands and 

Isle of Man 4 ..................... - 2 501 15 - 2 117 208 149

Other Europe ....................... 188 286 250 421 310 364 455 539 506

Total Europe .................... 44,653 47,720 33,271 41,146 42,064 49,319 50,145 43,503 41,837

Canada..................................... 3,405 4,578 4,905 7,694 5,953 7,098 7,503 7,767 7,342

Latin America: 

Argentina.............................. 125 59 148 138 183 227 133 156 182

Brazil .................................... 475 321 288 264 165 375 448 940 1,182

Chile ..................................... 60 91 387 406 440 465 388 546 647

Colombia.............................. 118 84 106 208 222 292 327 356 382

Ecuador................................ 21 26 10 89 35 235 300 33 129

Guatemala ........................... 15 10 23 25 7 18 10 10 8

Mexico.................................. 1,332 1,968 2,234 2,150 2,346 2,547 2,963 2,848 3,113

Panama................................ 52 7 56 57 56 120 107 85 196

Peru...................................... 15 17 8 6 12 51 54 36 11

Uruguay................................ 4 2 2 13 18 44 25 20 7

Venezuela ............................ 332 451 681 353 571 677 602 575 896

Other Latin America 5 ........... 98 113 105 24 53 65 26 106 101

Total Latin America............. 2,647 3,149 4,048 3,733 4,108 5,116 5,383 5,711 6,854

Caribbean: 

Bahamas.............................. 14 32 70 70 109 163 129 89 180

Bermuda................................... 1,224 9,230 1,704 777 793 1,008 1,161 707 1,322

British West Indies 6................. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.

Cayman Islands 6 ................. 3,154 7,279 6,522 12,804 12,663 13,035 14,722 15,969 15,830

Cuba..................................... 2 - - - - - - - -

Jamaica................................ 17 24 14 20 22 33 21 18 21

Netherlands Antilles............. 3 14 13 2 5 58 4 4 5

Trinidad and Tobago............ 16 15 44 25 16 21 108 74 100

Other Caribbean 5 ................ 564 729 936 761 1,145 1,028 1,214 803 514

Total Caribbean ............... 4,994 17,323 9,303 14,459 14,753 15,346 17,359 17,664 17,972

See footnotes at end of table. 
CAPITAL MOVEMENTS 

September 2008 

65

TABLE CM-III-2.—Total Liabilities to Unaffiliated Foreigners by Country, con. 

[Position at end of period in millions of dollars. Source: Treasury International Capital Reporting System] 

Calendar year 2007 2008 

Country 2003 2004 2005 2006 Mar. June Sept. Dec. Mar. p 

Asia: 

China, Mainland. .................... 1,129 3,983 3,825 1,297 780 3,207 3,653 857 4,043

Hong Kong ............................. 583 668 746 564 576 698 1,068 981 844

India........................................ 86 103 158 418 401 1,106 1,255 1,447 1,352

Indonesia................................ 60 74 89 57 48 133 141 172 250

Israel....................................... 519 302 613 385 355 295 291 293 264

Japan...................................... 6,196 5,869 7,354 7,210 7,271 7,080 7,152 6,888 8,030

Korea, South .......................... 1,331 723 1,743 1,350 1,337 1,609 1,516 1,213 1,348

Lebanon ................................. 13 35 42 11 8 6 7 9 5

Malaysia ................................. 188 256 335 471 419 324 399 562 570

Pakistan.................................. 233 171 230 171 180 324 282 172 53

Philippines.............................. 139 117 109 95 108 53 47 89 89

Singapore............................... 1,436 822 1,823 2,839 2,797 3,790 4,007 4,255 4,447

Syria ....................................... 2 21 4 8 8 7 88 8

Taiwan.................................... 441 491 1,010 1,093 1,161 1,005 1,166 1,019 975

Thailand.................................. 34 79 212 599 629 376 561 380 397

Oil-exporting countries 7......... 3,184 2,946 4,159 3,955 4,715 6,891 7,380 7,158 10,077

Other Asia .............................. 284 303 298 156 185 251 344 377 426

Total Asia ........................... 15,858 16,963 22,750 20,679 20,978 27,155 29,277 25,880 33,178

Africa: 

Congo (formerly Zaire)........... 86 - - - - - 1- -

Egypt ...................................... 28 132 119 132 159 209 247 280 259

Ghana..................................... 421 6 2 2 6 12 1

Liberia..................................... - 14 1 3 3 1 1 6 63

Morocco.................................. 41 44 42 42 43 90 103 190 210

South Africa............................ 52 36 950 35 35 40 33 52 83

Oil-exporting countries 8......... 464 518 590 283 599 637 763 655 1,086

Other Africa ............................ 230 332 210 379 141 315 325 294 544

Total Africa ......................... 905 1,078 1,913 880 982 1,294 1,479 1,489 2,246

Other countries: 

Australia ................................. 1,053 1,047 397 560 843 1,082 1,581 1,658 1,824

New Zealand 9........................ 71 51 38 36 17 70 77 91 80

All other .................................. 98 98 83 15 12 5 16 25 32

Total other countries .......... 1,222 1,196 518 611 872 1,157 1,674 1,774 1,936

Total foreign countries ... 73,684 92,007 76,708 89,202 89,710 106,485 112,820 103,788 111,365

International and regional orgs: 

International organizations..... --- - 2 - 32 1

Regional organizations 10 ....... 16 2 2 15 17 23 30 43 17

Total international and 

 regional organizations...... 16 2 2 15 19 23 33 45 18

Grand total ..................... 73,700 92,009 76,710 89,217 89,729 106,508 112,853 103,833 111,383

 

 1

 Before March 2003, combined data reported for Belgium-Luxembourg. 

2

 Since December 1992, data for all other republics of the former U.S.S.R. included in 

“Other Europe.” 

3

 On February 4, 2003, Yugoslavia changed its name to Serbia and Montenegro. Data for 

other entities of the former Yugoslavia recognized as independent states by the United 

States are reported under “Other Europe” as follows: Beginning in December 1992 for 

Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, and Slovenia; and since June 1994 for the former 

Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia. 

4

 Before March 2003, data included in United Kingdom. 

5

 Before March 2003, “Other Latin America” and “Other Caribbean” were reported as 

combined “Other Latin America and Caribbean.” 

6

 Beginning March 2003, Cayman Islands replaced British West Indies in the data series. 7

 Includes Bahrain, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab 

Emirates (Trucial States). 

8

 Includes Algeria, Gabon, Libya, and Nigeria. 

9

 Before March 2003, data included in “All other countries.” 

10 Includes European, Latin American, Caribbean, Asian, African, and Middle East regional 

organizations. 
CAPITAL MOVEMENTS 

September 2008 

66 

TABLE CM-III-3.—Total Claims on Unaffiliated Foreigners by Country 

[Position at end of period in millions of dollars. Source: Treasury International Capital Reporting System] 

 Calendar year 2007 2008

Country 2003 2004 2005 2006 Mar. June Sept. Dec. Mar. p

Europe: 

Austria....................................... 1,752 1,816 2,159 2,031 2,013 2,035 2,014 2,039 1,990

Belgium 1 ................................... 523 2,307 1,822 419 447 1,853 1,071 801 3,325

Bulgaria..................................... 14 37 29 3 - 1 4 6 9

Czech Republic......................... 54 64 49 50 44 52 127 134 128

Denmark.................................... 716 494 341 149 181 240 208 184 193

Finland ...................................... 176 617 336 591 599 515 528 805 627

France....................................... 5,865 3,713 5,063 3,420 4,233 5,513 4,822 6,066 5,552

Germany ................................... 4,132 6,787 4,238 10,148 10,212 10,838 9,256 4,919 5,825

Greece ...................................... 204 199 380 163 170 205 142 243 218

Hungary..................................... 53 46 57 45 49 104 174 153 163

Ireland ....................................... 423 1,672 795 858 749 1,367 1,007 968 781

Italy............................................ 4,069 2,434 3,702 2,337 2,467 2,542 2,442 2,507 3,019

Luxembourg 1............................ 115 127 391 352 479 1,620 1,567 919 777

Netherlands............................... 3,184 7,883 3,387 3,570 5,015 5,803 4,435 3,984 2,771

Norway...................................... 315 229 402 366 316 935 289 326 356

Poland....................................... 104 57 58 99 101 113 160 153 146

Portugal..................................... 161 146 60 64 94 91 82 89 75

Romania.................................... 25 47 22 36 47 40 37 60 51

Russia 2 ..................................... 118 157 359 774 892 918 1,029 1,327 1,327

Serbia and Montenegro 

(formerly Yugoslavia) 3.......... 13 14 17 10 4 6 18 15 23

Spain......................................... 1,803 1,242 2,032 1,425 1,469 1,729 1,634 1,633 2,072

Sweden ..................................... 779 648 503 652 722 687 632 690 1,156

Switzerland ............................... 2,538 2,506 1,876 1,424 1,552 1,893 1,768 2,151 2,028

Turkey ....................................... 474 594 638 420 454 555 540 721 543

United Kingdom ........................ 15,366 27,699 24,772 17,483 26,081 23,439 26,085 23,652 21,784

Channel Islands and 

Isle of Man 4 .......................... - 25 16 19 26 56 116 109 115

Other Europe ............................ 546 607 1,315 1,267 1,036 1,241 965 1,465 1,156

Total Europe ......................... 43,522 62,171 54,820 48,175 59,452 64,391 61,152 56,119 56,210

Canada.......................................... 8,381 8,429 16,122 17,520 13,027 15,421 14,803 16,419 15,359

Latin America: 

Argentina................................... 398 406 350 470 919 435 495 463 563

Brazil ......................................... 2,735 2,758 2,972 2,927 2,569 2,502 2,409 2,681 2,674

Chile .......................................... 382 346 303 299 374 316 411 403 803

Colombia................................... 234 295 299 349 508 467 431 454 551

Ecuador..................................... 117 86 95 119 136 108 96 160 166

Guatemala ................................ 76 90 100 116 144 141 173 199 204

Mexico....................................... 2,968 3,756 4,108 3,242 3,078 3,118 3,413 3,499 3,534

Panama..................................... 232 177 198 266 188 198 273 307 294

Peru........................................... 73 95 117 164 169 148 228 198 239

Uruguay..................................... 16 13 5 12 17 45 17 34 30

Venezuela ................................. 361 474 539 481 542 609 624 693 691

Other Latin America 5 ................ 427 504 485 376 362 359 413 417 541

Total Latin America................... 8,019 9,000 9,571 8,821 9,006 8,446 8,983 9,508 10,290

Caribbean: 

Bahamas................................... 1,075 1,631 1,631 3,949 5,791 2,119 2,493 2,198 1,909

Bermuda......................................... 1,024 5,358 2,238 1,734 1,958 2,536 2,925 1,708 1,780

British West Indies 6 .................... n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.

Cayman Islands 6 ...................... 20,067 36,320 36,416 26,051 21,286 21,332 23,487 16,987 28,363

Cuba.......................................... 16 8 12 2 2 2 2 10 -

Jamaica..................................... 84 67 70 60 93 67 98 106 92

Netherlands Antilles.................. 32 37 42 30 95 8 92 118 187

Trinidad and Tobago................. 100 120 119 125 134 112 124 173 147

Other Caribbean 5 ..................... 951 1,085 1,721 1,264 1,707 1,503 1,369 1,491 1,580

Total Caribbean .................... 23,349 44,626 42,249 33,215 31,066 27,679 30,590 22,791 34,058

See footnotes at end of table. 
CAPITAL MOVEMENTS 

September 2008 

67

TABLE CM-III-3.—Total Claims on Unaffiliated Foreigners by Country, con. 

[Position at end of period in millions of dollars. Source: Treasury International Capital Reporting System] 

Calendar year 2007 2008 

Country 2003 2004 2005 2006 Mar. June Sept. Dec. Mar. p

 

Asia: 

China, Mainland..................... 1,066 3,688 4,958 1,772 1,713 2,127 1,866 1,908 1,880

Hong Kong ............................. 832 701 941 1,009 1,125 998 9,224 8,781 1,307

India ....................................... 668 643 413 654 626 596 781 812 707

Indonesia................................ 170 393 445 231 160 136 167 207 260

Israel ...................................... 749 482 403 360 486 539 563 587 629

Japan ..................................... 2,951 2,848 2,696 3,349 4,067 4,621 4,343 5,517 5,244

Korea, South .......................... 1,456 1,569 1,244 1,143 1,191 1,285 1,235 1,248 1,211

Lebanon ................................. 34 15 22 19 15 13 18 19 22

Malaysia................................. 497 549 536 270 303 356 344 362 304

Pakistan ................................. 34 43 57 86 89 59 54 115 83

Philippines.............................. 743 503 275 109 106 110 128 109 105

Singapore............................... 1,162 1,600 1,944 1,811 1,525 1,642 1,938 2,602 2,025

Syria ....................................... 6 14 6 10 - 7 10 11 12

Taiwan.................................... 783 892 853 972 904 1,298 1,098 1,241 1,398

Thailand ................................. 250 326 295 312 323 300 346 414 492

Oil-exporting countries 7......... 1,046 1,208 1,800 1,814 1,682 2,797 2,225 2,460 1,950

Other Asia .............................. 222 309 408 328 375 368 425 512 445

Total Asia ........................... 12,669 15,783 17,296 14,249 14,690 17,252 24,765 26,905 18,074

Africa: 

Congo (formerly Zaire)........... 2 1 1 11 8 6 6 66

Egypt...................................... 176 159 194 165 209 224 335 306 326

Ghana .................................... 8 4 16 3 10 2 7 84

Liberia .................................... 109 102 98 73 72 58 62 54 54

Morocco ................................. 27 33 23 21 26 31 34 21 30

South Africa ........................... 247 193 1,075 221 260 241 307 255 267

Oil-exporting countries 8......... 150 162 295 332 299 354 293 351 352

Other Africa............................ 336 281 419 411 443 432 331 391 713

Total Africa......................... 1,055 935 2,121 1,237 1,327 1,348 1,375 1,392 1,752

Other countries: 

Australia ................................. 3,619 1,588 2,144 2,365 2,374 2,430 2,584 2,467 2,566

New Zealand 9........................ 208 441 420 351 181 166 148 145 154

All other.................................. 83 245 207 76 71 23 49 37 30

Total other countries .......... 3,910 2,274 2,771 2,792 2,626 2,619 2,781 2,649 2,750

Total foreign countries ... 100,905 143,218 144,950 126,009 131,194 137,156 144,449 135,783 138,493

International and regional orgs : 

International organizations..... 1 3 - 4 9 26 17 150 209

Regional organizations 10....... 10 11 - 19 22 49 11 111 18

Total international and 

 regional organizations...... 11 14 - 23 31 75 28 261 227

Grand total ..................... 100,916 143,232 144,950 126,032 131,225 137,231 144,477 136,044 138,720

1

 Before March 2003, combined data reported for Belgium-Luxembourg. 

2

 Since December 1992, data for all other republics of the former U.S.S.R. included 

in “Other Europe.” 

3

 On February 4, 2003, Yugoslavia changed its name to Serbia and Montenegro. 

Data for other entities of the former Yugoslavia recognized as independent states by 

the United States are reported under “Other Europe” as follows: Beginning in 

December 1992 for Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, and Slovenia; and since June 

1994 for the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia. 

4

 Before March 2003, data included in United Kingdom. 

5

 Before March 2003, “Other Latin America” and “Other Caribbean” were reported as combined 

“Other Latin America and Caribbean.” 

6

 Beginning March 2003, Cayman Islands replaced British West Indies in the data series. 

7

 Includes Bahrain, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab 

Emirates (Trucial States). 

8

 Includes Algeria, Gabon, Libya, and Nigeria. 

9

 Before March 2003, data included in “All other countries.” 

10 Includes European, Latin American, Caribbean, Asian, African, and Middle East regional 

organizations. 
CAPITAL MOVEMENTS 

September 2008 

68 

TABLE CM-III-4.—Total Liabilities to, and Claims on, Unaffiliated Foreigners, by Type and 

Country, March 31, 2008, Preliminary 

[Position at end of period in millions of dollars. Source: Treasury International Capital Reporting System] 

Liabilities Claims 

Country 

Total liabilities 

(1) 

Financial 

(2) 

Commercial

(3) 

Total claims 

(4) 

Financial

(5) 

Commercial

(6) 

 

Europe: 

Austria ........................................... 90 27 63 1,990 1,928 62 

Belgium 1 ....................................... 308 150 158 3,325 3,139 186 

Bulgaria ......................................... 34 - 34 9 - 9 

Czech Republic............................. 52 2 50 128 20 108 

Denmark........................................ 269 156 113 193 119 74 

Finland........................................... 69 21 48 627 201 426 

France ........................................... 3,297 1,522 1,775 5,552 3,576 1,976 

Germany........................................ 3,127 1,843 1,284 5,825 4,132 1,693 

Greece........................................... 199 26 173 218 65 153 

Hungary......................................... 16 8 8 163 101 62 

Ireland ........................................... 925 59 866 781 381 400 

Italy................................................ 1,106 13 1,093 3,019 711 2,308 

Luxembourg 1 ................................ 197 75 122 777 706 71 

Netherlands................................... 1,036 285 751 2,771 2,142 629 

Norway .......................................... 516 53 463 356 215 141 

Poland ........................................... 371 1 370 146 45 101 

Portugal......................................... 122 5 117 75 15 60 

Romania........................................ 10 - 10 51 17 34 

Russia 2 ......................................... 411 22 389 1,327 931 396 

Serbia and Montenegro 

(formerly Yugoslavia) 3.............. 6 - 6 23 - 23 

Spain ............................................. 754 84 670 2,072 1,168 904 

Sweden ......................................... 237 14 223 1,156 865 291 

Switzerland.................................... 2,006 90 1,916 2,028 882 1,146 

Turkey ........................................... 754 23 731 543 404 139 

United Kingdom............................. 25,270 21,531 3,739 21,784 16,683 5,101 

Channel Islands and 

Isle of Man 4 .............................. 149 149 - 115 83 32 

Other Europe................................. 506 48 458 1,156 902 254 

Total Europe.............................. 41,837 26,207 15,630 56,210 39,431 16,779 

Canada.............................................. 7,342 1,964 5,378 15,359 10,747 4,612 

Latin America: 

Argentina....................................... 182 10 172 563 107 456 

Brazil ............................................. 1,182 26 1,156 2,674 1,695 979 

Chile .............................................. 647 14 633 803 458 345 

Colombia ....................................... 382 6 376 551 143 408 

Ecuador......................................... 129 1 128 166 40 126 

Guatemala..................................... 8 - 8 204 47 157 

Mexico........................................... 3,113 36 3,077 3,534 1,232 2,302 

Panama......................................... 196 16 180 294 151 143 

Peru............................................... 11 - 11 239 21 218 

Uruguay......................................... 7 - 7 30 1 29 

Venezuela ..................................... 896 16 880 691 195 496 

Other Latin America 5 .................... 101 2 99 541 162 379 

Total Latin America ....................... 6,854 127 6,727 10,290 4,252 6,038 

Caribbean: 

Bahamas ....................................... 180 - 180 1,909 1,862 47 

Bermuda............................................. 1,322 58 1,264 1,780 466 1,314 

Cayman Islands 6............................. 15,830 14,833 997 28,363 28,028 335 

Cuba.............................................. - - - - - - 

Jamaica......................................... 21 6 15 92 11 81 

Netherlands Antilles ...................... 5 - 5 187 77 110 

Trinidad and Tobago..................... 100 3 97 147 87 60 

Other Caribbean 5 ......................... 514 79 435 1,580 448 1,132 

Total Caribbean......................... 17,972 14,979 2,993 34,058 30,979 3,079 

 

See footnotes at end of table. 
CAPITAL MOVEMENTS 

September 2008 

69

TABLE CM-III-4.—Total Liabilities to, and Claims on, Unaffiliated Foreigners, by Type and 

Country, March 31, 2008, Preliminary, con. 

[Position at end of period in millions of dollars. Source: Treasury International Capital Reporting System] 

Liabilities Claims 

Country 

Total liabilities 

(1) 

Financial 

(2) 

Commercial 

(3) 

Total claims 

(4) 

Financial 

(5) 

Commercial

(6) 

Asia: 

China, Mainland ............................ 4,043 158 3,885 1,880 592 1,288 

Hong Kong .................................... 844 199 645 1,307 203 1,104 

India............................................... 1,352 49 1,303 707 223 484 

Indonesia....................................... 250 13 237 260 132 128 

Israel.............................................. 264 2 262 629 39 590 

Japan............................................. 8,030 1,864 6,166 5,244 1,352 3,892 

Korea, South ................................. 1,348 154 1,194 1,211 424 787 

Lebanon ........................................ 5 2 3 22 - 22 

Malaysia ........................................ 570 6 564 304 99 205 

Pakistan......................................... 53 3 50 83 - 83 

Philippines..................................... 89 - 89 105 42 63 

Singapore...................................... 4,447 42 4,405 2,025 124 1,901 

Syria .............................................. 8 - 8 12 - 12 

Taiwan........................................... 975 18 957 1,398 22 1,376 

Thailand......................................... 397 11 386 492 284 208 

Other Asia ..................................... 426 44 382 445 147 298 

Total Asia .................................... 33,178 2,688 30,490 18,074 3,831 14,243 

Africa: 

Congo (formerly Zaire).................. - - - 6 6 - 

Egypt ............................................. 259 - 259 326 10 316 

Ghana............................................ 1 - 1 4 1 3 

Liberia............................................ 63 63 - 54 54 - 

Morocco......................................... 210 - 210 30 11 19 

South Africa................................... 83 5 78 267 106 161 

Other Africa ................................... 544 20 524 713 231 482 

Total Africa ................................ 2,246 88 2,158 1,752 455 1,297 

Other countries: 

Australia ........................................ 1,824 113 1,711 2,566 1,860 706 

New Zealand 7............................... 80 6 74 154 94 60 

All other ......................................... 32 3 29 30 - 30 

Total other countries ................. 1,936 122 1,814 2,750 1,954 796 

Total foreign countries .......... 111,365 46,175 65,190 138,493 91,649 46,844 

International and regional orgs: 

International organizations............ 1 - 1 209 191 18 

Regional organizations 8 ............... 17 - 17 18 - 18 

Total international and 

 regional organizations............. 18 - 18 227 191 36 

Grand total ............................ 111,383 46,175 65,208 138,720 91,840 46,880 

1

 Before March 2003, combined data reported for Belgium-Luxembourg. 

2

 Since December 1992, data for all other republics of the former U.S.S.R. included 

in “Other Europe.” 

3

 On February 4, 2003, Yugoslavia changed its name to Serbia and Montenegro. 

Data for other entities of the former Yugoslavia recognized as independent states 

by the United States are reported under “Other Europe” as follows: Beginning in 

December 1992 for Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, and Slovenia; and since 

June 1994 for the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia. 

4 Before March 2003, data included in United Kingdom.

5

 Before March 2003, “Other Latin America” and “Other Caribbean” were reported as 

combined “Other Latin America and Caribbean.” 

6

 Beginning March 2003, Cayman Islands replaced British West Indies in the data series. 

7

 Before March 2003, data included in “All other countries.” 

8

 Includes European, Latin American, Caribbean, Asian, African, and Middle East regional 

organizations. 
CAPITAL MOVEMENTS 

September 2008 

70

SECTION IV.—U.S. International Transactions in Long-Term Securities 

TABLE CM-IV-1.—U.S. Transactions with Foreigners in Long-Term Domestic Securities by Type 

[In millions of dollars; negative figures indicate net sales by foreigners to U.S. residents or a net outflow of capital from the United States. 

Source: Treasury International Capital Reporting System] 

Marketable Treasury bonds and notes 

Net foreign purchases 

Foreign countries 

U.S. Government corporations and 

federally-sponsored agencies

Calendar 

year or month

 Total 

 (1) 

Official 

institutions 

(2) 

Other 

foreigners 

(3) 

International

and regional

(4) 

 Gross 

 foreign 

purchases 

 (5)

Gross 

foreign 

sales 

(6)

Net foreign 

purchases 

(7) 

 Gross foreign

 purchases 

 (8) 

Gross foreign

sales 

(9) 

2004 ......................................... 352,079 201,140 150,220 719 8,936,045 8,583,966 226,401 1,209,381 982,980 

2005 ......................................... 338,112 68,689 266,471 2,952 10,051,248 9,713,136 219,256 1,097,458 878,202 

2006 ......................................... 195,536 69,639 125,075 822 10,957,936 10,762,400 286,464 1,572,160 1,285,696 

2007 r ....................................... 200,940 2,994 198,994 -1,048 15,127,526 14,926,586 226,086 2,050,451 1,824,365 

2008 - Jan. - June p ................. 217,387 80,197 136,674 516 8,166,325 7,948,938 149,836 1,613,617 1,463,781 

 

2007 - June .............................. 24,303 6,433 19,731 -1,861 1,373,271 1,348,968 39,594 171,020 131,426 

July ............................... -9,360 -6,925 -2,511 76 1,244,811 1,254,171 8,667 164,857 156,190 

Aug. r............................ -4,517 -29,685 25,343 -175 1,735,183 1,739,700 8,355 166,107 157,752 

Sept. r........................... 24,300 14,370 9,787 143 1,223,098 1,198,798 11,482 182,090 170,608 

Oct. r............................. 54,924 3,980 50,590 354 1,338,029 1,283,105 14,878 179,040 164,162 

Nov. r............................ 22,255 378 22,068 -191 1,504,227 1,481,972 26,637 174,264 147,627 

Dec. r............................ 966 10,980 -10,289 275 1,000,665 999,699 -3,316 227,714 231,030 

2008 - Jan. r ............................. 38,917 36,101 2,863 -47 1,487,597 1,448,680 19,317 258,302 238,985 

Feb ............................... 15,743 -3,594 19,228 109 1,485,680 1,469,937 36,896 279,924 243,028 

Mar ............................... 51,770 28,011 23,600 159 1,459,154 1,407,384 18,733 332,852 314,119 

Apr................................ 76,958 22,298 54,646 14 1,202,021 1,125,063 15,271 259,359 244,088 

May p............................ 5,673 -3,724 9,450 -53 1,156,223 1,150,550 28,155 255,882 227,727 

June p........................... 28,326 1,105 26,887 334 1,375,650 1,347,324 31,464 227,298 195,834 

Corporate and other securities 

Bonds 1 Stocks 

Calendar 

year or month 

Net foreign 

purchases 

(10) 

Gross foreign 

 purchases 

 (11) 

Gross foreign 

sales 

(12) 

Net foreign 

purchases 

(13) 

Gross foreign 

purchases 

(14) 

 Gross foreign

 sales 

 (15) 

 

2004 .............................................................................. 309,500 1,171,415 861,915 28,476 3,862,043 3,833,567 

2005 .............................................................................. 372,222 1,277,006 904,784 81,950 4,731,749 4,649,799 

2006 .............................................................................. 510,806 1,678,464 1,167,658 150,415 6,868,571 6,718,156 

2007 r ............................................................................ 393,355 1,913,307 1,519,952 195,522 10,639,316 10,443,794 

2008 - Jan. - June p ...................................................... 107,480 882,978 775,498 32,262 6,440,700 6,408,438 

 

2007 - June ................................................................... 29,980 184,509 154,529 29,873 896,023 866,150 

July .................................................................... 4,724 137,269 132,545 21,192 926,770 905,578 

Aug.................................................................... -955 155,190 156,145 -40,617 1,278,771 1,319,388 

Sept................................................................... 15,918 134,280 118,362 2,607 799,640 797,033 

Oct. r.................................................................. 32,910 166,764 133,854 30,264 999,347 969,083 

Nov. r................................................................. 16,080 121,884 105,804 4,750 1,101,407 1,096,657 

Dec .................................................................... 37,299 140,595 103,296 33,461 944,625 911,164 

2008 - Jan ..................................................................... 3,392 125,095 121,703 17,178 1,268,101 1,250,923

Feb .................................................................... 19,249 138,083 118,834 1,115 1,016,491 1,015,376 

Mar .................................................................... -4,691 140,391 145,082 11,376 1,134,086 1,122,710 

Apr..................................................................... 25,003 164,754 139,751 -11,569 958,436 970,005 

May p................................................................. 59,842 189,665 129,823 15,980 997,461 981,481 

June p................................................................ 4,685 124,990 120,305 -1,818 1,066,125 1,067,943 

 

 

1

 Data include transactions in directly placed issues abroad by U.S. corporations and issues of 

States and municipalities. 
 CAPITAL MOVEMENTS 

September 2008 

71

TABLE CM-IV-2.—U.S. Transactions with Foreigners in Long-Term Foreign Securities by Type 

[In millions of dollars; negative figures indicate net sales by foreigners to U.S. residents or a net outflow of capital from the United States. 

Source: Treasury International Capital Reporting System] 

Foreign bonds Foreign stocks 

Calendar 

year or month 

Net foreign purchases of foreign securities 

from U.S. 

(1) 

Net foreign 

purchases from

U.S. 

(2) 

Gross foreign 

purchases from

U.S. 

(3) 

Gross foreign 

sales to U.S. 

(4) 

Net foreign 

purchases from 

U.S. 

(5) 

Gross foreign

purchases from

U.S. 

(6) 

Gross foreign 

sales to U.S. 

(7) 

 

2004 ..................................................... -152,842 -67,872 1,459,043 1,526,915 -84,970 1,664,076 1,749,046 

2005 ..................................................... -172,391 -45,095 1,459,882 1,504,977 -127,296 2,240,104 2,367,400 

2006 ..................................................... -250,907 -144,452 1,879,713 2,024,165 -106,455 3,636,185 3,742,640 

2007 r ................................................... -224,313 -129,015 2,971,803 3,100,818 -95,298 5,215,765 5,311,063 

2008 - Jan. - June p ............................. -54,442 -14,121 1,317,360 1,331,481 -40,321 2,954,037 2,994,358 

 

2007 - June .......................................... -15,102 -6,659 278,799 285,458 -8,443 442,893 451,336 

July ........................................... -14,059 830 289,744 288,914 -14,889 454,080 468,969 

Aug. r........................................ -35,148 -22,359 282,141 304,500 -12,789 544,133 556,922 

Sept. r....................................... -40,378 -19,080 200,822 219,902 -21,298 359,679 380,977 

Oct. r......................................... -4,038 -9,063 264,633 273,696 5,025 546,421 541,396 

Nov. r........................................ 20,564 10,947 209,698 198,751 9,617 521,977 512,360 

Dec. r........................................ -13,461 -13,459 168,636 182,095 -2 430,971 430,973 

2008 - Jan. r......................................... -18,308 -15,971 247,486 263,457 -2,337 523,685 526,022 

Feb. .......................................... -10,929 7,343 241,387 234,044 -18,272 442,624 460,896 

Mar ........................................... -43 2,879 264,947 262,068 -2,922 487,580 490,502 

Apr............................................ 10,483 10,728 193,225 182,497 -245 505,496 505,741 

May p........................................ -26,409 -8,303 182,056 190,359 -18,106 494,660 512,766 

June p....................................... -9,236 -10,797 188,259 199,056 1,561 499,992 498,431 

 
CAPITAL MOVEMENTS 

September 2008 

72

TABLE CM-IV-3.—Net Foreign Transactions in Long-Term Domestic Securities 

by Type and Country 

[In millions of dollars; negative figures indicate net sales by foreigners to U.S. residents or a net outflow of capital from the United States. 

Source: Treasury International Capital Reporting System] 

Marketable Treasury 

bonds and notes 

U.S. Government corporations 

and Federal agency bonds Corporate bonds Corporate stocks 

2008 2008 2008 2008 

Country 

 Calendar 

 year 

 2007 r 

 (1) 

 Jan. 

through 

June 

(2) 

 Apr. 

 through 

June p 

 (3) 

Calendar

year 

2007 

(4) 

 Jan.

 through

June 

 (5) 

 Apr. 

 through

 June p

 (6) 

 Calendar 

 year 

 2007 r 

 (7) 

 Jan.

 through

June

 (8) 

Apr. 

 through 

June p 

 (9) 

Calendar 

year 

2007 r 

(10) 

 Jan. 

through

June 

(11) 

Apr. 

through

June p 

(12) 

Europe: 

Austria............................. 97 -680 -84 -339 -150 -21 -644 -57 32 -102 449 71

Belgium........................... -3,100 -1,073 -465 -1,808 -1,223 -240 -7,413 -5,979 -2,364 -1,168 -548 -39

Bulgaria........................... -28 7 3 -30 - - 12 -13 - 1 -5 -3

Cyprus 1 .......................... -4 62 57 -9 -52 -5 167 46 10 175 37 12

Czech Republic............... 81 -515 -347 -426 -175 -91 89 44 20 41 149 44

Denmark ......................... 912 654 857 -268 -1,655 -1,171 1,496 -194 -279 1,378 1,053 863

Finland............................ 2 90 200 69 -56 -14 56 -48 -6 251 10 -89

France............................. -7,827 -17,325 -8,096 4,293 8,809 1,453 4,261 -1,400 -165 19,521 -1,151 -6,878

Germany ......................... -3,358 808 270 290 -1,822 -635 5,419 7,586 7,084 600 -17,773 -16,178

Greece............................ -566 60 127 -9 98 67 7 55 54 88 -25 -67

Hungary .......................... -42 -271 68 -438 63 38 -1,555 -50 -29 113 41 62

Ireland............................. 1,734 -9,578 -7,327 1,115 2,739 -931 8,658 -1,841 283 28 771 819

Italy ................................. -1,406 -1,955 -833 -96 -873 -903 -121 22 174 -4,289 -1,007 54

Kazakhstan 1................... 857 1,665 655 -594 -471 183 -38 84 103 -32 19 11

Luxembourg.................... -28 -297 70 -8,520 -13,608 -12,144 -14,650 -1,674 -1,849 -7,143 -3,387 -365

Monaco 1......................... -302 -100 39 37 -12 2 18 48 38 -1,440 -209 -199

Netherlands .................... 1,471 -347 481 -585 -1,337 -167 -652 -286 634 6,887 3,842 2,646

Norway............................ -27,339 18,695 -1,112 8,221 -3,114 -1,911 4,747 170 -70 6,120 5,279 3,208

Poland............................. -111 6,266 1,875 -202 507 564 7 -1 2 -176 -77 3

Portugal .......................... 1,293 1,027 288 -477 62 67 -261 -27 7 148 141 84

Romania ......................... -353 346 446 466 -478 -363 32 9 9 -15 -1 1

Russia............................. 7,215 14,081 5,889 18,303 7,852 1,848 378 526 112 104 56 -9

Serbia and Montenegro 2... 349 84 52 4 - - - -1 - -2 - -

Spain............................... 2,514 -2,380 -2,095 37 259 -24 -1,353 -942 -329 430 133 497

Sweden........................... 2,176 -1,281 -766 -442 2,309 1,871 1,715 80 -338 250 6,887 3,863

Switzerland ..................... -2,560 218 2,664 -1,906 -426 95 3,581 799 720 -2,977 5,572 2,288

Turkey............................. -803 -1,853 -1,069 132 414 416 152 9 12 36 -14 -21

Ukraine 1 ......................... -138 293 637 187 -244 -173 32 41 41 2 -35 -5

United Kingdom .............. 208,792 119,711 80,477 60,306 95,445 39,305 208,956 24,841 23,458 69,473 5,896 13,557

Channel Islands .............. -974 450 -322 4,823 -1,306 -102 -6,717 -10,438 -7,239 877 -87 235

All other Europe 1 ............ -69 345 170 -109 -51 25 1,104 -135 41 82 -36 27

Total Europe ............... 178,485 127,209 72,809 82,025 91,504 27,037 207,482 11,274 20,166 89,259 5,980 4,492

Memo: Euro Area 3.............. -9,174 -31,535 -17,406 -6,030 -7,186 -13,495 -6,694 -4,589 3,583 15,249 -18,446 -19,361

Memo: European Union 4 .... 201,938 93,683 65,364 52,995 88,719 26,596 204,111 20,089 26,420 86,576 -4,489 -980

Canada ............................... -1,936 9,094 6,670 3,232 8,391 4,003 12,274 4,518 3,221 8,086 5,860 4,029

Latin America: 

Argentina ........................ 210 147 102 -26 -175 2 84 254 104 612 437 347

Brazil............................... 77,066 20,926 2,582 1,160 -1,862 -998 780 211 -20 -1,768 464 529

Chile ............................... 4,202 3,033 1,922 630 -166 396 317 189 -8 1,147 -528 -628

Colombia......................... 833 -777 -173 1,383 1,297 886 783 199 175 320 195 169

Ecuador .......................... 206 -105 -94 132 -36 -38 281 35 24 -36 20 15

Costa Rica 5 .................... -2 47 13 -21 -205 -120 261 -170 -47 29 35 26

Guatemala ...................... -75 -155 78 -21 -5 2 -20 31 14 18 13 8

Mexico ............................ 1,735 4,865 1,867 1,730 6,016 4,169 1,860 305 -775 148 1,032 -154

Panama .......................... -132 63 53 -275 194 136 154 345 169 -279 563 338

Peru ................................ 1,560 2,873 1,869 1,100 745 486 633 115 49 189 -122 -7

Uruguay .......................... 423 275 338 55 -59 5 230 272 165 337 290 152

Venezuela....................... -196 -178 127 151 161 -25 -298 -37 -80 56 213 122

All other Latin America 5 ... 330 -944 -1,037 378 -27 -62 32 72 48 7 18 19

Total Latin America..... 86,160 30,070 7,647 6,376 5,878 4,839 5,097 1,821 -182 780 2,630 936

See footnotes at end of table. 
 CAPITAL MOVEMENTS 

September 2008 

73

TABLE CM-IV-3.—Net Foreign Transactions in Long-Term Domestic Securities 

by Type and Country, con. 

[In millions of dollars; negative figures indicate net sales by foreigners to U.S. residents or a net outflow of capital from the United States. 

Source: Treasury International Capital Reporting System] 

Marketable Treasury 

bonds and notes 

U.S. Government corporations 

and Federal agency bonds Corporate bonds Corporate stocks 

2008 2008 2008 2008 

Country 

Calendar 

year 

2007 r 

(1) 

Jan. 

through 

June 

(2) 

 Apr. 

 through

June p

 (3) 

Calendar

year 

2007 

(4) 

 Jan.

 through

June 

 (5) 

Apr. 

through 

June p 

 (6) 

Calendar 

year 

2007 r 

(7) 

Jan. 

 through

June 

 (8) 

Apr. 

 through 

June p 

 (9) 

Calendar 

year 

2007 r 

(10) 

Jan. 

through 

June 

(11) 

Apr. 

through

June p 

(12) 

Caribbean: 

Anguilla 6 ................................... 640 229 458 -112 552 553 -1,565 -288 -112 4,087 -463 936

Bahamas ................................... 9,429 -11,761 -403 559 1,029 510 1,463 -682 -115 -136 -2,094 -2,422

Barbados 6 ................................. 622 -90 -39 3,103 413 51 388 59 34 73 136 56

Bermuda .................................... -4,246 4,559 3,290 -25,540 -35,342 -20,429 8,257 1,834 2,018 5,450 -5,925 -6,103

British Virgin Islands 6 ................ 2,652 2,019 319 -202 1,003 604 695 -2,316 176 1,570 -217 -937

Cayman Islands......................... -2,786 -5,517 7,703 13,129 -15,955 978 31,912 28,811 25,421 40,174 -17,994 -8,624

Cuba.......................................... - - -- - - - - - - - -

Jamaica ..................................... 3 -27 -21 34 -177 10 17 -9 -10 45 18 7

Netherlands Antilles................... -3,738 -351 1,582 78 5 34 410 162 228 -2,826 -6,204 -4,762

Trinidad and Tobago.................. -372 40 19 188 105 70 -84 25 42 99 -44 -9

All other Caribbean 6.................. 176 157 159 834 -130 -19 201 146 89 54 44 -21

Total Caribbean ..................... 2,380 -10,742 13,067 -7,929 -48,497 -17,638 41,694 27,742 27,771 48,590 -32,743 -21,879

Asia: 

China, Mainland......................... -7,968 44,412 24,239 73,733 46,020 36,391 41,675 28,229 20,002 3,993 -250 -269

Hong Kong................................. 2,056 8,408 1,698 30,722 22,393 14,252 12,780 4,799 3,029 35,434 22,189 12,356

India........................................... 1,076 1,208 1,577 184 25 24 17 89 4 -460 1,441 -115

Indonesia................................... 4,513 -1,042 -240 -658 -230 20 441 9 3 -68 -5 5

Israel.......................................... -2,735 -4,360 -4,455 209 -123 189 75 76 -147 -287 990 429

Japan......................................... -47,384 8,712 -12,703 14,061 25,630 7,849 39,565 18,623 9,395 -4,973 6,919 1,915

Korea, South.............................. -17,874 -1,961 -4,026 12,048 -1,527 1,781 11,277 3,933 1,024 112 2,460 104

Lebanon..................................... -1 -16 -14 -1 -3 - 109 -2 -8 76 42 11

Malaysia .................................... 382 1,041 -896 3,068 4,844 332 2,052 371 82 342 -112 -117

Pakistan..................................... -171 17 36 -94 -663 -514 -14 -12 -9 -4 -3 2

Philippines ................................. 3,054 -974 -1,504 186 122 -250 176 112 21 30 41 23

Singapore .................................. 2,467 -7,014 -3,307 -561 852 374 6,868 594 970 -2,539 9,534 -1,445

Syria .......................................... - - - - - - - - - -3 5 5

Taiwan....................................... -8,284 2,168 665 -1,033 -1,093 -759 1,176 876 621 94 308 126

Thailand..................................... 842 -2,952 -1,324 544 158 213 48 178 153 -39 12 6

Oil exporting countries 7 ............. 1,805 4,749 3,982 8,353 -5,384 -3,924 3,803 3,119 2,463 12,240 7,571 544

All other Asia.............................. 372 1,526 1,088 178 578 407 -58 -93 -59 26 41 -3

Total Asia .............................. -67,850 53,922 4,816 140,939 91,599 56,385 119,990 60,901 37,544 43,974 51,183 13,577

Africa: 

Egypt ......................................... 1,042 1,044 -160 72 -855 -377 -3 -2 -4 -34 - -2

Liberia........................................ -59 -87 -51 19 11 3 -18 -90 -12 -44 -1,686 -514

Morocco..................................... -79 -109 -2 40 -31 10 - 2 1 -16 1 2

South Africa ............................... 801 -100 -1,217 -40 -28 - -50 -35 -5 12 191 167

Oil exporting countries 8 ............. 4,568 7,500 7,490 -74 390 303 -35 3 1 -302 -1,455 89

All other Africa ........................... -146 389 181 21 -30 -15 -63 88 22 84 91 -20

Total Africa ............................ 6,127 8,637 6,241 38 -543 -76 -169 -34 3 -300 -2,858 -278

Other countries: 

Australia..................................... -1,349 -1,033 -492 1,172 1,544 416 5,030 1,267 868 4,826 2,062 1,588

New Zealand.............................. 1 -292 -96 -151 275 -2 695 -10 -5 300 100 96

All other countries ...................... -30 6 - 5 33 -18 15 - 3 47 26 25

Total other countries.............. -1,378 -1,319 -588 1,026 1,852 396 5,740 1,257 866 5,173 2,188 1,709

Total foreign countries ....... 201,988 216,871 110,662 225,707 150,184 74,946 392,108 107,479 89,389 195,562 32,240 2,586

International and regional orgs: International organizations......... -358 313 36 83 -204 35 1,637 203 266 -3 15 6

Regional organizations 9 ............ -690 203 259 296 -144 -91 -390 -202 -125 -37 7 1

Total international and 

 regional organizations.............. -1,048 516 295 379 -348 -56 1,247 1 141 -40 22 7

Grand total......................... 200,940 217,387 110,957 226,086 149,836 74,890 393,355 107,480 89,530 195,522 32,262 2,593

1

 Before June 2006, data for Cyprus, Kazakhstan, Monaco, and Ukraine are included in “All 

other Europe.” 

2

 On February 4, 2003, Yugoslavia changed its name to Serbia and Montenegro. Data 

for other entities of the former Yugoslavia recognized as independent states by the United 

States are reported under “All other Europe” as follows: Beginning in December 1992 for 

Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, and Slovenia; and beginning in December 1994 for the 

former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia. 

3

 Includes Austria, Belgium, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, 

the Netherlands, Portugal, and Spain. For data as of January 2008, also includes Cyprus, 

Malta, and Slovenia. 

4

 As of May 2004, the European Union includes Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, the Czech 

Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, 

Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, 

Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, and the United Kingdom. Data available beginning June 2006. As 

of January 2007, also includes Bulgaria and Romania. 

5

 Before June 2006, data for Costa Rica are included in “All other Latin America.” 

6

 Before June 2006, data for Anguilla, Barbados, and the British Virgin Islands are included 

in “All other Caribbean.” 

7

 Includes Bahrain, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and United Arab 

Emirates (Trucial States). 

8

 Includes Algeria, Gabon, Libya, and Nigeria. 

9

 Includes European, Latin American, Caribbean, Asian, African, and Middle East regional 

organizations. 
CAPITAL MOVEMENTS 

September 2008 

74

TABLE CM-IV-4.—U.S. Transactions with Foreigners in Long-Term Domestic 

and Foreign Securities, by Type and Country, During Second Quarter 2008, Preliminary 

[In millions of dollars. Source: Treasury International Capital Reporting System] 

Gross purchases by foreigners from U.S. residents Gross sales by foreigners to U.S. residents 

Domestic securities Domestic securities 

Corporate and 

other Foreign securities 

Corporate and 

 other Foreign securities 

Country 

Total 

 purchases 

 (1) 

 Marketable 

Treasury 

 and 

 Federal 

 Financing 

Bank bonds 

 and notes 

 (2) 

Bonds 

 of U.S. 

 Gov’t 

 corps and 

federally- 

 sponsored

agencies 

 (3) 

 Bonds

 (4) 

 Stocks

 (5) 

 Bonds

 (6) 

 Stocks

 (7) 

Total

 sales

 (8) 

 Marketable

Treasury 

 and 

 Federal 

 Financing 

Bank bonds

 and notes

 (9) 

Bonds 

of U.S. 

Gov’t 

corps and 

federallysponsored 

agencies 

(10) 

Bonds 

 (11) 

Stocks

 (12) 

 Bonds

 (13) 

Stocks

 (14) 

Europe: 

Austria..................................... 7,830 2,970 357 363 1,327 1,282 1,531 6,648 3,054 378 331 1,256 387 1,242

Belgium................................... 15,806 2,237 279 1,359 4,071 2,181 5,679 28,481 2,702 519 3,723 4,110 11,824 5,601

Bulgaria................................... 19 8 - - 6 - 5 14 5 - - 9 - -

Cyprus 1 .................................. 2,339 71 1 34 418 376 1,439 2,429 14 6 24 406 184 1,795

Czech Republic....................... 1,564 552 97 20 340 158 397 1,559 899 188 - 296 13 163

Denmark ................................. 14,155 1,810 2,150 424 5,589 1,084 3,098 13,657 953 3,321 703 4,726 762 3,192

Finland.................................... 3,710 922 515 50 259 246 1,718 3,458 722 529 56 348 103 1,700

France..................................... 1,037,256 522,092 14,633 6,087 455,393 8,386 30,665 1,049,768 530,188 13,180 6,252 462,271 7,047 30,829

Germany ................................. 108,628 25,187 7,039 12,262 36,909 13,174 14,057 121,018 24,917 7,674 5,178 53,087 16,226 13,935

Greece.................................... 3,402 357 79 67 587 1,748 565 1,645 229 12 13 654 32 704

Hungary .................................. 730 120 54 12 228 181 135 555 52 16 41 166 171 109

Ireland..................................... 131,232 32,402 14,038 9,392 14,966 51,464 8,970 140,395 39,729 14,969 9,109 14,147 52,706 9,736

Italy ......................................... 22,423 1,774 267 442 9,683 4,279 5,978 20,175 2,608 1,170 268 9,629 725 5,776

Kazakhstan 1........................... 4,927 3,555 200 113 35 920 104 3,034 2,900 17 10 24 39 44

Luxembourg............................ 37,046 2,244 9,261 5,462 11,214 3,158 5,706 57,199 2,174 21,405 7,311 11,579 9,271 5,459

Monaco 1................................. 1,150 48 2 45 682 119 254 1,115 9 - 7 881 3 215

Netherlands............................. 83,676 14,157 5,075 2,848 30,477 7,079 24,039 80,135 13,676 5,242 2,214 27,831 7,052 24,120

Norway.................................... 55,245 17,621 16,812 3,014 10,959 2,032 4,807 53,112 18,733 18,723 3,084 7,751 961 3,860

Poland..................................... 5,514 4,116 604 4 56 467 267 2,713 2,241 40 2 53 68 309

Portugal .................................. 2,399 655 85 28 954 159 518 1,964 367 19 21 870 339 348

Romania ................................. 2,070 1,916 2 9 92 45 6 1,938 1,470 365 - 91 7 5

Russia..................................... 13,194 8,392 2,211 112 330 471 1,678 5,128 2,503 363 - 339 56 1,867

Serbia and Montenegro 2 ........ 179 107 - - 53 - 19 152 55 - - 53 - 44

Spain....................................... 18,661 4,004 67 1,510 2,258 4,488 6,334 15,136 6,098 92 1,839 1,761 296 5,051

Sweden................................... 64,931 4,124 9,610 634 22,380 2,816 25,367 57,947 4,890 7,739 972 18,517 2,000 23,829

Switzerland ............................. 67,638 10,322 1,797 5,070 28,849 2,841 18,759 59,971 7,658 1,702 4,350 26,561 2,426 17,274

Turkey..................................... 4,433 2,892 418 13 367 150 593 5,187 3,961 2 1 388 110 725

Ukraine 1 ................................. 1,639 1,515 - 57 21 43 3 1,145 878 173 16 26 24 28

United Kingdom ...................... 3,477,836 1,933,037 126,768 193,461 504,880 229,525 490,165 3,347,174 1,852,560 87,463 170,003 491,323 239,888 505,937

Channel Islands ...................... 14,534 504 158 1,399 5,611 1,637 5,225 20,169 826 260 8,638 5,376 646 4,423

All other Europe 1 .................... 4,488 963 320 111 1,307 712 1,075 4,071 793 295 70 1,280 578 1,054

Total Europe ....................... 5,208,653 2,600,674 212,899 244,402 1,150,301 341,221 659,156 5,107,091 2,527,865 185,862 224,236 1,145,809 353,945 669,374

Memo: Euro Area 3...................... 1,475,637 609,187 51,700 39,950 569,080 98,044 107,676 1,529,526 626,593 65,195 36,367 588,441 106,224 106,706

Canada ....................................... 421,231 142,857 21,991 12,511 106,564 58,475 78,833 414,272 136,187 17,988 9,290 102,535 63,213 85,059

Latin America: 

Argentina ................................ 6,324 524 68 184 1,725 2,124 1,699 4,745 422 66 80 1,378 1,232 1,567

Brazil....................................... 57,817 29,613 90 126 6,044 7,810 14,134 55,177 27,031 1,088 146 5,515 4,979 16,418

Chile........................................ 19,324 12,171 721 157 2,524 1,330 2,421 17,861 10,249 325 165 3,152 1,310 2,660

Colombia................................. 11,182 5,391 1,213 473 1,518 2,304 283 8,848 5,564 327 298 1,349 1,109 201

Costa Rica 4 ............................ 2,352 1,646 15 84 287 177 143 2,383 1,740 53 60 272 118 140

Ecuador .................................. 760 188 77 38 88 233 136 757 175 197 85 62 162 76

Guatemala .............................. 605 287 7 16 88 173 34 428 209 5 2 80 103 29

Mexico .................................... 48,287 14,670 6,758 1,936 8,952 4,819 11,152 39,036 12,803 2,589 2,711 9,106 3,396 8,431

Panama .................................. 5,334 835 309 489 1,419 1,508 774 4,634 782 173 320 1,081 1,547 731

Peru ........................................ 4,261 2,071 709 91 654 259 477 1,972 202 223 42 661 139 705

Uruguay .................................. 4,975 1,527 193 338 856 1,388 673 3,613 1,189 188 173 704 785 574

Venezuela............................... 2,804 274 47 118 975 1,071 319 8,924 147 72 198 853 7,378 276

All other Latin America 4.......... 829 159 248 57 201 74 90 1,851 1,196 310 9 182 73 81

Total Latin America............. 164,854 69,356 10,455 4,107 25,331 23,270 32,335 150,229 61,709 5,616 4,289 24,395 22,331 31,889

Caribbean: 

Anguilla 5................................. 120,515 6,142 555 237 98,563 133 14,885 119,164 5,684 2 349 97,627 68 15,434

Bahamas................................. 179,412 90,860 1,475 7,530 51,921 6,877 20,749 180,882 91,263 965 7,645 54,343 5,802 20,864

Barbados 5 .............................. 1,901 159 994 179 217 139 213 1,866 198 943 145 161 207 212 

See footnotes at end of table. 
 CAPITAL MOVEMENTS 

September 2008 

75

TABLE CM-IV-4.—U.S. Transactions with Foreigners in Long-Term Domestic 

and Foreign Securities, by Type and Country, During Second Quarter 2008, Preliminary, con. 

[In millions of dollars. Source: Treasury International Capital Reporting System] 

Gross purchases by foreigners from U.S. residents Gross sales by foreigners to U.S. residents 

Domestic securities Domestic securities 

Corporate and 

other Foreign securities 

Corporate and 

other Foreign securities 

Country 

Total 

 purchases 

 (1) 

Marketable 

Treasury 

and 

Federal 

Financing 

Bank bonds 

and notes 

(2) 

Bonds 

 of U.S. 

 Gov’t 

corps and 

federally- 

 sponsored 

 agencies 

 (3) 

Bonds

 (4) 

Stocks 

 (5) 

 Bonds 

 (6) 

Stocks 

(7) 

Total 

 sales

(8) 

Marketable 

Treasury 

and 

Federal 

 Financing 

Bank bonds 

 and notes 

 (9) 

Bonds 

 of U.S. 

 Gov’t 

corps and 

 federallysponsored 

agencies 

(10) 

 Bonds

 (11)

 Stocks

 (12) 

Bonds

 (13) 

Stocks

 (14)

Caribbean, con. 

Bermuda ................................... 340,170 44,585 18,064 15,514 207,582 10,762 43,663 368,967 41,295 38,493 13,496 213,685 17,249 44,749

British Virgin Islands 5 ............... 201,331 12,957 1,314 11,235 131,905 6,709 37,211 203,725 12,638 710 11,059 132,842 7,535 38,941

Cayman Islands ........................ 2,276,436 386,921 289,050 120,322 1,141,711 51,409 287,023 2,244,171 379,218 288,072 94,901 1,150,335 46,769 284,876

Cuba ......................................... - - - - -- - - - -- - - -

Jamaica .................................... 1,340 958 186 16 88 90 2 1,818 979 176 26 81 553 3

Netherlands Antilles .................. 35,234 12,431 2,521 714 13,958 558 5,052 39,054 10,849 2,487 486 18,720 472 6,040

Trinidad and Tobago................. 1,026 153 239 60 73 202 299 888 134 169 18 82 176 309

All other Caribbean 5 ................. 1,661 405 226 136 544 75 275 1,463 246 245 47 565 80 280

Total Caribbean.................... 3,159,026 555,571 314,624 155,943 1,646,562 76,954 409,372 3,161,998 542,504 332,262 128,172 1,668,441 78,911 411,708

Asia: 

China, Mainland........................ 180,791 81,184 64,832 22,466 4,059 6,807 1,443 94,915 56,945 28,441 2,464 4,328 1,170 1,567

Hong Kong............................ 174,821 15,690 24,107 5,041 28,750 2,616 98,617 142,674 13,992 9,855 2,012 16,394 1,710 98,711

India...................................... 10,090 3,485 32 11 196 131 6,235 8,590 1,908 8 7 311 105 6,251

Indonesia .............................. 3,653 1,716 36 5 196 217 1,483 4,576 1,956 16 2 191 543 1,868

Israel..................................... 97,663 87,499 699 492 5,584 345 3,044 101,292 91,954 510 639 5,155 95 2,939

Japan.................................... 323,576 97,296 46,945 20,023 13,980 25,163 120,169 314,733 109,999 39,096 10,628 12,065 25,258 117,687

Korea, South......................... 32,068 7,002 7,048 2,334 621 4,197 10,866 29,929 11,028 5,267 1,310 517 1,975 9,832

Lebanon................................ 347 47 - 19 229 4 48 348 61 - 27 218 4 38

Malaysia................................ 9,261 3,089 2,664 116 231 864 2,297 9,200 3,985 2,332 34 348 359 2,142

Pakistan................................ 518 51 149 32 72 5 209 996 15 663 41 70 2 205

Philippines ............................ 3,884 1,350 170 112 387 1,226 639 4,440 2,854 420 91 364 179 532

Singapore ............................. 64,522 10,159 10,833 3,563 6,996 7,188 25,783 62,277 13,466 10,459 2,593 8,441 2,432 24,886

Syria ..................................... 20 - - - 18 - 2 15 - - - 13 - 2

Taiwan .................................. 28,942 5,850 5,679 830 6,519 882 9,182 27,942 5,185 6,438 209 6,393 524 9,193

Thailand................................ 6,108 3,325 227 165 229 251 1,911 6,231 4,649 14 12 223 153 1,180

All other Asia......................... 45,483 15,116 11,251 4,070 9,872 2,339 2,835 39,346 10,046 14,768 1,666 9,331 1,525 2,010

Total Asia.......................... 981,747 332,859 174,672 59,279 77,939 52,235 284,763 847,504 328,043 118,287 21,735 64,362 36,034 279,043

Africa: 

Egypt .................................... 3,777 2,595 26 2 107 136 911 4,263 2,755 403 6 109 53 937

Liberia................................... 749 2 4 28 507 11 197 1,320 53 1 40 1,021 5 200

Morocco................................ 135 52 10 2 55 3 13 159 54 - 1 53 2 49

South Africa .......................... 2,835 1,164 18 16 391 307 939 4,138 2,381 18 21 224 268 1,226

All other Africa ...................... 13,037 8,192 339 31 2,549 1,048 878 5,593 521 51 8 2,480 95 2,438

Total Africa ....................... 20,533 12,005 397 79 3,609 1,505 2,938 15,473 5,764 473 76 3,887 423 4,850

Other countries: 

Australia................................ 74,484 18,612 5,524 2,665 11,132 4,794 31,757 80,888 19,104 5,108 1,797 9,544 11,383 33,952

New Zealand......................... 1,969 104 451 50 436 449 479 4,357 200 453 55 340 2,902 407

All other ................................ 201 21 10 5 107 11 47 314 21 28 2 82 4 177

Total other countries ......... 76,654 18,737 5,985 2,720 11,675 5,254 32,283 85,559 19,325 5,589 1,854 9,966 14,289 34,536

Total foreign countries .. 10,032,698 3,732,059 741,023 479,041 3,021,981 558,914 1,499,680 9,782,126 3,621,397 666,077 389,652 3,019,395 569,146 1,516,459

International and regional orgs: 

International organizations.... 3,072 915 690 297 33 1,121 16 4,021 879 655 31 27 2,369 60

Regional organizations 6 ....... 5,782 920 826 71 8 3,505 452 2,597 661 917 196 7 397 419

Total international and 

 regional organizations.... 8,854 1,835 1,516 368 41 4,626 468 6,618 1,540 1,572 227 34 2,766 479

Grand total.................... 10,041,552 3,733,894 742,539 479,409 3,022,022 563,540 1,500,148 9,788,744 3,622,937 667,649 389,879 3,019,429 571,912 1,516,938

1

 Before June 2006, data for Cyprus, Kazakhstan, Monaco, and Ukraine are in “All other Europe.” 

2

 On February 4, 2003, Yugoslavia changed its name to Serbia and Montenegro. Data for other entities of 

the former Yugoslavia recognized as independent states by the United States are reported under “All 

other Europe” as follows: Beginning in December 1992 for Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, and 

Slovenia; and beginning in December 1994 for the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia. 

3

 Includes Austria, Belgium, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, the 

Netherlands, Portugal, and Spain. For data as of January 2008, also includes Cyprus, Malta, and 

Slovenia. 

4 Before June 2006, data for Costa Rica are included in “All other Latin America.” 

5 Before June 2006, data for Anguilla, Barbados, and the British Virgin Islands are included in ”All 

other Caribbean.” 

6

 Includes European, Latin American, Caribbean, Asian, African, and Middle East regional 

organizations. 
CAPITAL MOVEMENTS 

September 2008 

76

TABLE CM-IV-5.—U.S. Transactions with Foreigners in Long-Term Domestic 

and Foreign Securities, by Type and Country, During Calendar Year 2007 

[In millions of dollars. Source: Treasury International Capital Reporting System] 

Gross purchases by foreigners from U.S. residents Gross sales by foreigners to U.S. residents 

Domestic securities Domestic securities 

Corporate and 

other Foreign securities 

Corporate and 

other Foreign securities 

Country

 Total 

 purchases 

 (1) 

Markeable 

Treasury 

and 

Federal 

Financing 

Bank bonds 

and notes 

 (2) 

Bonds 

of U.S. 

Gov’t 

corps and 

federallysponsored 

agencies 

(3) 

 Bonds 

 (4) 

 Stocks

 (5) 

 Bonds

 (6) 

 Stocks

 (7) 

 Total 

 sales 

 (8) 

 Marketable

 Treasury

 and 

 Federal

 Financing 

Bank bonds

 and notes

 (9) 

Bonds 

of U.S. 

Gov’t 

corps and 

federallysponsored 

agencies 

(10) 

 Bonds

 (11) 

 Stocks

 (12) 

 Bonds

 (13) 

Stocks 

 (14) 

Europe: 

Austria............................... 21,977 4,996 1,096 1,336 5,635 4,577 4,336 21,971 4,899 1,435 1,980 5,738 2,629 5,289

Belgium............................. 86,240 32,640 1,272 4,236 16,077 7,731 24,284 128,791 35,741 3,080 11,649 17,245 38,877 22,200

Bulgaria............................. 171 62 - 26 15 68 - 307 90 30 14 14 4 155

Cyprus 1 ........................... 8,430 55 17 199 893 516 6,750 8,356 59 26 32 718 427 7,094

Czech Republic................. 5,810 3,336 478 155 976 227 638 5,838 3,255 904 66 935 43 635

Denmark ........................... 39,662 9,255 2,532 3,750 13,874 4,737 5,514 37,364 8,343 2,800 2,254 12,496 5,289 6,182

Finland .............................. 11,024 1,925 856 414 1,736 2,494 3,599 8,609 1,923 787 358 1,485 380 3,676

France............................... 2,840,463 1,352,783 17,464 28,522 1,294,501 32,176 115,017 2,831,479 1,360,611 13,171 24,261 1,274,980 37,263 121,194

Germany ........................... 497,118 107,428 12,422 20,625 260,264 53,692 42,688 488,193 110,786 12,132 15,206 259,664 38,884 51,520

Greece .............................. 8,422 1,564 45 51 1,940 2,435 2,387 7,471 2,130 54 44 1,852 353 3,038

Hungary ............................ 3,065 121 64 138 560 1,751 431 5,346 163 502 1,693 447 1,733 808

Ireland............................... 2,025,155 766,743 40,963 39,418 46,921 1,092,199 38,911 2,016,623 765,008 39,849 30,760 46,892 1,098,095 36,019

Italy ................................... 86,525 9,664 2,327 1,304 40,406 10,023 22,801 87,539 11,070 2,423 1,425 44,695 5,809 22,117

Kazakhstan 1 .................... 10,419 7,469 2,076 80 80 594 120 10,766 6,612 2,670 118 112 1,100 154

Luxembourg ...................... 306,501 15,313 173,088 31,927 49,127 13,427 23,619 364,961 15,341 181,609 46,577 56,270 41,665 23,500

Monaco 1 ......................... 5,459 989 90 126 3,272 293 689 6,872 1,291 53 108 4,712 121 587

Netherlands....................... 325,553 84,559 17,526 8,074 116,613 17,742 81,038 311,524 83,087 18,112 8,726 109,727 17,109 74,764

Norway.............................. 326,379 170,808 78,698 13,773 29,149 21,852 12,099 330,486 198,147 70,477 9,026 23,029 16,819 12,988

Poland............................... 15,696 12,610 1,124 60 191 775 936 15,806 12,721 1,326 53 367 343 996

Portugal............................. 9,541 3,050 32 68 3,639 905 1,846 13,062 1,757 508 329 3,491 5,542 1,434

Romania............................ 4,607 3,922 582 32 42 22 7 4,496 4,275 116 - 57 18 30

Russia............................... 66,363 31,520 27,724 416 707 822 5,174 39,305 24,305 9,421 38 603 382 4,556

Serbia and Montenegro 2 .. 2,430 2,254 4 - 145 27 - 2,052 1,905 - - 147 - -

Spain................................. 94,063 30,671 651 18,898 7,360 11,778 24,704 101,551 28,157 614 20,251 6,930 21,450 24,149

Sweden............................. 171,405 18,996 2,283 3,614 49,890 9,401 87,221 164,312 16,820 2,725 1,899 49,640 9,918 83,310

Switzerland ....................... 229,147 27,341 11,486 23,485 99,796 9,614 57,425 237,638 29,901 13,392 19,904 102,773 12,993 58,675

Turkey............................... 24,266 20,108 132 204 816 801 2,205 27,620 20,911 - 52 780 2,721 3,156

Ukraine 1 .......................... 3,083 1,733 378 36 56 869 11 2,765 1,871 191 4 54 490 155

United Kingdom................. 13,530,367 7,908,840 419,740 878,803 1,854,952 774,900 1,693,132 13,137,746 7,700,048 359,434 669,847 1,785,479 863,008 1,759,930

Channel Islands ................ 74,217 3,505 6,716 25,008 17,778 8,061 13,149 75,158 4,479 1,893 31,725 16,901 8,222 11,938

All other Europe 1 .............. 14,912 3,300 1,157 1,744 4,312 2,701 1,700 15,896 3,369 1,265 640 4,230 4,189 2,203

Total Europe ................. 20,848,472 10,637,560 823,024 1,106,522 3,921,723 2,087,211 2,272,432 20,509,904 10,459,075 740,999 899,040 3,832,464 2,235,875 2,342,451

Memo: Euro Area 3................ 6,312,582 2,411,336 267,743 154,873 1,844,219 1,249,180 385,231 6,381,775 2,420,510 273,774 161,567 1,828,970 1,308,055 388,899

Canada ................................. 1,420,653 654,499 33,256 49,309 209,598 253,234 220,757 1,409,932 656,435 30,024 37,035 201,512 258,609 226,317

Latin America: 

Argentina........................... 19,399 1,422 292 526 5,416 6,077 5,666 20,302 1,212 318 442 4,804 7,624 5,902

Brazil................................. 199,443 122,993 6,387 1,455 10,963 18,516 39,129 133,351 45,927 5,227 675 12,731 16,433 52,358

Chile.................................. 50,729 26,848 2,250 1,017 6,956 6,499 7,159 41,003 22,646 1,620 700 5,809 3,901 6,327

Colombia........................... 28,877 12,340 3,562 1,477 2,881 6,643 1,974 27,651 11,507 2,179 694 2,561 8,183 2,527

Costa Rica 4 ..................... 4,156 1,501 254 527 790 781 303 3,094 1,295 122 246 826 395 210

Ecuador............................. 3,225 103 247 697 270 207 1,701 2,750 105 268 436 241 122 1,578

Guatemala ........................ 1,455 954 54 10 180 161 96 1,543 1,029 75 30 162 161 86

Mexico .............................. 140,767 54,337 12,668 6,320 18,163 15,541 33,738 132,145 52,602 10,938 4,460 18,015 13,752 32,378

Panama............................. 15,362 1,387 1,065 1,801 4,142 3,560 3,407 14,849 1,519 1,340 1,647 4,421 2,846 3,076

Peru .................................. 11,468 2,610 1,524 1,259 1,856 2,182 2,037 7,128 1,050 424 626 1,667 913 2,448

Uruguay ............................ 24,766 12,790 1,071 741 3,941 3,486 2,737 24,464 12,367 1,016 511 3,604 4,368 2,598

Venezuela......................... 8,691 1,312 388 485 1,976 3,488 1,042 10,458 1,508 237 783 1,920 5,146 864

All other Latin America 4 ... 5,012 2,208 727 149 957 587 384 4,147 1,878 349 117 950 485 368

Total Latin America ....... 513,350 240,805 30,489 16,464 58,491 67,728 99,373 422,885 154,645 24,113 11,367 57,711 64,329 110,720

See footnotes at end of table. 
 CAPITAL MOVEMENTS 

September 2008 

77

TABLE CM-IV-5.—U.S. Transactions with Foreigners in Long-Term Domestic 

and Foreign Securities, by Type and Country, During Calendar Year 2007, con. 

[In millions of dollars. Source: Treasury International Capital Reporting System] 

Gross purchases by foreigners from U.S. residents Gross sales by foreigners to U.S. residents 

Domestic securities Domestic securities 

Corporate and 

other Foreign securities 

Corporate and 

other Foreign securities 

Country

Total 

purchases 

(1) 

Market able 

Treasury 

and 

 Federal 

 Financing 

Bank bonds 

and notes 

 (2) 

Bonds 

 of U.S. 

 Gov’t 

 corps and 

 federallysponsored 

 agencies 

(3) 

 Bonds

(4) 

Stocks 

(5) 

Bonds

(6) 

 Stocks 

 (7) 

Total 

sales 

(8) 

Marketable

Treasury

and 

Federal 

Financing 

Bank bonds

and notes

(9) 

Bonds 

of U.S. 

Gov’t 

corps and 

federallysponsored 

agencies 

(10) 

Bonds 

(11) 

Stocks 

(12) 

Bonds

 (13) 

 Stocks

 (14) 

Caribbean: 

Anguilla 5............................... 431,728 11,292 58 4,222 374,820 2,491 38,844 429,021 10,652 171 5,787 370,733 2,789 38,889

Bahamas .............................. 615,401 253,179 6,401 15,005 180,949 90,949 68,918 603,730 243,750 5,842 13,542 181,085 90,117 69,394

Barbados 5 ............................ 10,081 1,348 5,051 1,499 1,057 450 676 6,768 726 1,948 1,111 984 1,291 708

Bermuda ............................... 1,846,549 484,834 76,313 60,131 938,826 36,218 250,227 1,873,094 489,080 101,853 51,874 933,376 38,592 258,319

British Virgin Islands 5 ........... 703,685 125,983 3,790 30,651 403,883 26,662 112,716 698,964 123,331 3,992 29,956 402,313 27,440 111,932

Cayman Islands .................... 8,193,284 1,776,820 554,299 419,020 4,200,821 207,214 1,035,110 8,116,011 1,779,606 541,170 387,108 4,160,647 220,372 1,027,108

Cuba..................................... - --- ----- --- - -

Jamaica ................................ 4,954 1,808 1,791 326 118 843 68 5,149 1,805 1,757 309 73 1,114 91

Netherlands Antilles.............. 128,135 30,613 4,683 3,188 58,170 3,937 27,544 134,716 34,351 4,605 2,778 60,996 3,901 28,085

Trinidad and Tobago............. 5,769 774 2,307 231 357 608 1,492 6,715 1,146 2,119 315 258 1,481 1,396

All other Caribbean ............... 4,929 671 1,554 556 1,146 329 674 4,054 495 719 355 1,092 629 764

Total Caribbean................ 11,944,515 2,687,322 656,247 534,829 6,160,147 369,701 1,536,269 11,878,222 2,684,942 664,176 493,135 6,111,557 387,726 1,536,686

Asia: 

China, Mainland ............... 350,636 107,959 159,782 50,300 10,690 15,761 6,144 227,551 115,927 86,049 8,625 6,697 4,660 5,593

Hong Kong ........................ 575,877 72,138 65,903 18,794 76,892 11,272 330,878 485,391 70,082 35,181 6,014 41,458 8,443 324,213

India .................................. 27,583 5,464 186 141 501 496 20,795 29,406 4,388 2 124 961 3,173 20,758

Indonesia........................... 17,729 12,661 - 449 546 744 3,329 15,032 8,148 658 8 614 2,112 3,492

Israel ................................. 43,955 11,656 3,721 5,612 12,502 1,124 9,340 47,257 14,391 3,512 5,537 12,789 1,165 9,863

Japan ................................ 1,216,881 451,448 116,625 68,260 49,249 76,966 454,333 1,211,580 498,832 102,564 28,695 54,222 71,218 456,049

Korea, South ..................... 138,820 31,151 53,813 13,525 1,621 7,988 30,722 132,554 49,025 41,765 2,248 1,509 6,508 31,499

Lebanon ............................ 1,809 107 - 117 812 292 481 1,382 108 1 8 736 27 502

Malaysia............................ 36,087 9,169 10,282 2,405 953 1,888 11,390 30,996 8,787 7,214 353 611 1,302 12,729

Pakistan ............................ 1,171 44 13 27 428 17 642 1,942 215 107 41 432 19 1,128

Philippines......................... 16,748 10,318 713 396 1,179 1,693 2,449 14,447 7,264 527 220 1,149 2,361 2,926

Singapore.......................... 192,945 49,348 16,259 17,516 30,395 17,242 62,185 182,663 46,881 16,820 10,648 32,934 9,189 66,191

Syria.................................. 7 --- 5 -28 - - -8 - -

Taiwan .............................. 66,902 11,775 10,628 3,064 13,678 4,079 23,678 72,790 20,059 11,661 1,888 13,584 1,605 23,993

Thailand ............................ 26,248 17,327 1,697 150 512 1,574 4,988 24,322 16,485 1,153 102 551 750 5,281

All other Asia..................... 125,141 25,103 28,004 8,734 47,837 7,917 7,546 97,099 22,926 19,473 4,989 35,571 6,661 7,479

Total Asia...................... 2,838,539 815,668 467,626 189,490 247,800 149,053 968,902 2,574,420 883,518 326,687 69,500 203,826 119,193 971,696

Africa: 

Egypt................................. 6,835 2,265 186 20 580 572 3,212 5,530 1,223 114 23 614 354 3,202

Liberia ............................... 4,784 13 623 468 2,435 148 1,097 4,806 72 604 486 2,479 89 1,076

Morocco ............................ 558 403 62 - 33 22 38 594 482 22 - 49 6 35

South Africa....................... 7,039 1,320 99 104 925 1,245 3,346 7,988 519 139 154 913 1,442 4,821

All other Africa................... 15,001 5,447 218 173 2,374 3,705 3,084 8,491 1,025 271 271 2,592 708 3,624

Total Africa.................... 34,217 9,448 1,188 765 6,347 5,692 10,777 27,409 3,321 1,150 934 6,647 2,599 12,758

Other countries: 

Australia ............................ 258,333 64,325 25,535 12,196 32,893 20,329 103,055 252,131 65,674 24,363 7,166 28,067 21,540 105,321

New Zealand..................... 11,453 659 4,192 1,000 1,899 1,707 1,996 19,203 658 4,343 305 1,599 10,192 2,106

All other............................. 520 14 70 62 238 19 117 823 44 65 47 191 33 443

Total other countries...... 270,306 64,998 29,797 13,258 35,030 22,055 105,168 272,157 66,376 28,771 7,518 29,857 31,765 107,870

Total foreign 

 countries ............... 37,870,052 15,110,300 2,041,627 1,910,637 10,639,136 2,954,674 5,213,678 37,094,929 14,908,312 1,815,920 1,518,529 10,443,574 3,100,096 5,308,498

International and regional orgs: 

International organizations... 21,773 12,571 2,512 2,164 113 4,081 332 16,615 12,929 2,429 527 116 166 448

Regional organizations 6 ..... 26,343 4,655 6,312 506 67 13,048 1,755 15,034 5,345 6,016 896 104 556 2,117

Total international and 

 regional organizations....... 48,116 17,226 8,824 2,670 180 17,129 2,087 31,649 18,274 8,445 1,423 220 722 2,565

 Grand total................... 37,918,168 15,127,526 2,050,451 1,913,307 10,639,316 2,971,803 5,215,765 37,126,578 14,926,586 1,824,365 1,519,952 10,443,794 3,100,818 5,311,063

1 Before June 2006, data for Cyprus, Kazakhstan, Monaco, and Ukraine are included in “All other 

Europe.”

2

 On February 4, 2003, Yugoslavia changed its name to Serbia and Montenegro. Data for other entities 

of the former Yugoslavia recognized as independent states by the United States are reported under “All 

other Europe” as follows: Beginning in December 1992 for Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, and 

Slovenia; and beginning in December 1994 for the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia. 

3

 Includes Austria, Belgium, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, the 

Netherlands, Portugal, and Spain. As of January 2007, the euro area also includes Slovenia; however, 

separate data for Slovenia are not available. 

4

 Before June 2006, data for Costa Rica are included in “All other Latin America.” 

5 Before June 2006, data for Anguilla, Barbados, and the British Virgin Islands are included in “All other 

Caribbean.” 

6 Includes European, Latin America, Caribbean, Asian, African, and Middle East regional organizations.
78 CAPITAL MOVEMENTS

September 2008 

-300

-200

-100

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

2005 2006 2007 2008 

Jan.- June

2008 

Apr.- June

United Kingdom All other Europe Caribbean banking centers

Japan All other Asia All other countries

(In billions of dollars)

Note: To facilitate comparison of net 

purchases during 2008 w ith those in prior 

years, the chart depicts data for all periods 

at an annualized rate.

CHART CM-C.—Net Purchases of Long-Term 

Domestic Securities by Foreigners, Selected Countries

[In millions of dollars. Source: Treasury International Capital Reporting System] 

Calendar years 

Country 2005 2006 2007 

2007

Jan. - June

2008

Apr. - June 

United Kingdom............................. 363,593 472,380 547,527 245,893 156,797

All other Europe ............................. 146,910 126,118 9,724 -9,926 -32,293

Caribbean banking centers 1 .............. 102,259 139,732 75,772 -63,771 -236

Japan ............................................. 79,814 58,050 1,269 59,884 6,456

All other Asia.................................. 187,284 226,863 235,784 197,721 105,866

Subtotal...................................... 879,860 1,023,143 870,076 429,801 236,590

All other countries.......................... 131,680 120,078 145,827 77,164 41,380

Grand total ................................. 1,011,540 1,143,221 1,015,903 506,965 277,970

1 Includes Bahamas, Bermuda, Cayman Islands, Netherlands Antilles, and Panama. For data beginning June 2006, also 

includes the British Virgin Islands. 

The data on this page represent 

foreign investors’ purchases and 

sales of long-term U.S. 

securities (that is, U.S. Treasury 

and Government agency bonds 

and notes, and U.S. corporate 

bonds and stocks) as reported to 

the TIC reporting system. 

Foreign investors also acquired 

U.S. equities through mergers 

and reincorporations that 

involve stock swaps. Net 

foreign acquisitions of U.S. 

equities through stock swaps 

have been modest, amounting to 

$36 billion in 2004, $6 billion in 

2005, $4 billion in 2006, $11 

billion in 2007, and $9 billion in 

the first half of 2008. (Stock 

swaps data for the most recent 

quarter are Federal Reserve 

Board/Treasury estimates and 

are subject to substantial 

revisions.) These stock swaps 

are not reported under the TIC 

reporting system, but are 

available on the TIC Web site. 

The TIC Website also provides 

estimates from the Federal 

Reserve Bank of New York on 

principal repayment flows on 

foreign holdings of U.S. 

government agency and 

corporate asset-backed 

securities (ABS). These 

repayments, also not reported 

under the TIC system, are 

estimated to have reduced 

foreign net purchases of U.S. 

securities by $86 billion in 

2004, $144 billion in 2005, 

$160 billion in 2006, $235 

billion in 2007, and $116 billion 

in the first half of 2008. 

Net foreign purchases of U.S. 

securities first surpassed $100 

billion in 1993. In 2004, net 

foreign acquisitions of U.S. 

securities (including stock 

swaps and accounting for ABS 

repayment flows) totaled $866 

billion in 2004 and grew a bit 

further to $873 billion in 2005. 

Net purchases reached a new 

record of $987 billion in 2006, 

but then slowed to $792 billion 

in 2007. Net acquisitions were 

$400 billion in the first half of 

2008, about the same pace as in 

2007. 
 CAPITAL MOVEMENTS 

September 2008 

79

The data on this page represent U.S. 

investors’ purchases and sales of longterm foreign securities as reported to 

the TIC reporting system. However, in 

the past several years, U.S. investors 

also have acquired a substantial amount 

of foreign stocks, mostly European, 

through mergers that involve stock 

swaps. In addition, when foreign firms 

reincorporate in the United States, the 

associated stock swap reduces U.S. 

holdings of foreign equity. Net 

acquisitions through stock swaps 

amounted to $80 billion in 2000, $47 

billion in 2001, $3 billion in 2002, $17 

billion in 2003, -$12 billion in 2004, $4 

billion in 2005, $19 billion in 2006, 

$11 billion in 2007, and $1 billion in 

the first quarter of 2008. There were no 

estimated acquisitions through stock 

swaps in the second quarter of 2008. 

(Stock swaps data for the most recent 

quarter are Federal Reserve 

Board/Treasury estimates and are 

subject to substantial revisions.) These 

stock swaps are not reported under the 

TIC reporting system, but are available 

on the TIC Web site. 

Including the stock swaps, annual U.S. 

net purchases of long-term foreign 

securities averaged about $100 billion 

from the mid-1990s through 2000, 

without much variation from year to 

year. U.S. investors’ acquisitions of 

foreign securities (including stock 

swaps) then slowed over the 2001-2003 

period before rebounding to $141 

billion in 2004 and $176 billion in 

2005. The pace of U.S. acquisitions 

picked up further in 2006, as U.S. 

investors acquired $270 billion in 

foreign securities, but eased a bit in 

2007, as U.S. investors acquired $234 

billion in foreign securities. The pace 

of acquisition has slowed further so far 

in 2008, with U.S. investors acquiring 

only $30 billion in foreign securities in 

the first quarter and $25 billion in the 

second quarter. 

-50

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

Jan.-June

2008

April-June

Foreign bonds Foreign stocks Total foreign securities

(In billions of dollars)

Note: To facilitate comparison of net purchases during 2008

w ith those in prior years, the chart depicts data for all periods

at an annualized rate.

CHART CM-D.—Net Purchases of Long-Term

Foreign Securities by U.S. Investors* 

[In millions of dollars. Source: Treasury International Capital Reporting System] 

Calendar years 

Type 2004 2005 2006 2007

2008 

Jan. - June 

2008 

Apr. - June 

Foreign bonds ...... 67,872 45,095 144,452 129,015 14,121 8,372

Foreign stocks...... 84,970 127,296 106,455 95,298 40,321 16,790

Total ................... 152,842 172,391 250,907 224,313 54,442 25,162

* Net purchases by U.S. investors equal net sales by foreigners, or gross sales minus gross purchases of securities. 
CAPITAL MOVEMENTS 

September 2008 

80 

SECTION V.—Holdings of, and Transactions in, Financial Derivatives 

Contracts with Foreigners Reported by Businesses in the United States 

TABLE CM-V-1.—Gross Totals of Holdings with Positive and Negative Fair Values, 

by Type of Contract 

[Holdings at end of period in millions of dollars. Source: Treasury International Capital Reporting System] 

 2006 2007 2008 

 Dec. Mar. June Sept. Dec. Mar. p 

Gross total of holdings with negative fair values ........................... 1,179,159 1,198,603 1,489,898 1,649,656 2,479,347 4,047,695 

Total over-the-counter (OTC) contracts..................................... 1,156,241 1,176,646 1,462,713 1,621,385 2,447,580 4,007,266 

Single-currency interest rate contracts.................................. 749,009 760,432 969,166 926,456 1,472,723 2,384,601 

Forwards ............................................................................ 541 550 2,042 1,483 1,410 3,711 

Swaps ................................................................................ 678,413 683,914 879,661 819,885 1,313,948 2,189,325 

Options............................................................................... 70,055 75,968 87,463 105,088 157,365 191,565 

Foreign exchange contracts .................................................. 151,046 140,273 166,586 242,717 240,138 367,553 

Forwards ............................................................................ 47,068 41,760 51,084 85,173 72,450 120,033

Swaps ................................................................................ 78,390 71,766 84,892 115,327 115,889 172,489 

Options............................................................................... 25,588 26,747 30,610 42,217 51,799 75,031 

Other contracts ...................................................................... 256,186 275,941 326,961 452,212 734,719 1,255,112 

Total exchange-traded contracts ............................................... 22,918 21,957 27,185 28,271 31,767 40,429 

Own contracts on foreign exchanges .................................... 4,042 4,052 4,803 3,799 4,101 6,033 

U.S. customers’ contracts on foreign exchanges.................. 2,738 2,845 2,729 3,337 3,658 4,019 

Foreign counterparty contracts on U.S. exchanges .............. 16,138 15,060 19,653 21,135 24,008 30,377 

Memorandum items: 

Contracts with own foreign office........................................... 312,724 335,867 420,988 475,390 615,885 1,018,175 

Contracts with foreign official institutions .............................. 9,586 8,879 10,572 13,916 14,495 15,166 

Contracts of U.S. depository institutions with foreigners....... 391,948 395,519 485,572 511,518 790,580 1,409,893 

Gross total of holdings with positive fair values............................. 1,238,995 1,255,575 1,546,712 1,720,605 2,559,237 4,193,242 

Total over-the-counter (OTC) contracts..................................... 1,213,354 1,232,097 1,516,672 1,687,484 2,525,980 4,149,949 

Single-currency interest rate contracts.................................. 793,057 798,480 1,004,345 960,242 1,500,517 2,426,392

Forwards ............................................................................ 1,027 1,003 2,312 1,646 1,234 3,497 

Swaps ................................................................................ 702,386 703,564 902,124 839,023 1,326,116 2,210,119 

Options............................................................................... 89,644 93,913 99,909 119,573 173,167 212,776 

Foreign exchange contracts .................................................. 176,267 169,301 196,449 279,826 290,942 437,135 

Forwards ............................................................................ 44,941 38,584 47,015 79,290 73,894 123,941

Swaps ................................................................................ 102,795 101,064 114,228 153,116 160,128 231,011 

Options............................................................................... 28,531 29,653 35,206 47,420 56,920 82,183 

Other contracts ...................................................................... 244,030 264,316 315,878 447,416 734,521 1,286,422 

Total exchange-traded contracts ............................................... 25,641 23,478 30,040 33,121 33,257 43,293 

Own contracts on foreign exchanges .................................... 4,590 4,724 6,005 5,063 4,558 5,730 

Customers’ contracts on foreign exchanges ......................... 2,882 2,709 2,192 3,109 3,422 4,869 

Foreign counterparty contracts on U.S. exchanges .............. 18,169 16,045 21,843 24,949 25,277 32,694 

Memorandum items: 

Contracts with own foreign office........................................... 318,870 337,374 427,383 479,632 623,349 1,044,166 

Contracts with foreign official institutions .............................. 10,385 9,846 10,821 11,017 13,040 17,015 

Contracts of U.S. depository institutions with foreigners....... 407,594 408,855 501,678 526,490 811,889 1,435,113 

 
 CAPITAL MOVEMENTS 

September 2008 

81

TABLE CM-V-2.—Gross Total of Holdings with Negative Fair Values, 

by Country 

[Holdings at end of period in millions of dollars. Source: Treasury International Capital Reporting System] 

 2006 2007 2008 

Country Dec. Mar. June Sept. Dec. Mar. p 

Europe: 

Belgium .......................................................................... 9,338 8,696 9,409 9,699 12,803 16,305 

France............................................................................ 67,056 67,904 77,359 87,513 129,800 213,472 

Germany ........................................................................ 85,235 86,348 101,391 110,814 175,390 286,774 

Ireland ............................................................................ 115,002 106,725 128,092 121,036 162,550 263,728 

Italy................................................................................. 5,850 5,112 5,379 5,070 6,412 8,841 

Netherlands.................................................................... 21,114 21,285 24,152 26,644 31,659 60,808 

Switzerland .................................................................... 28,036 27,421 31,898 42,079 61,915 104,751 

United Kingdom ............................................................. 632,362 663,276 863,035 963,006 1,528,445 2,580,247 

All other Europe ............................................................. 30,383 31,124 37,320 41,971 56,910 59,745 

Total Europe .............................................................. 994,376 1,017,891 1,278,035 1,407,832 2,165,884 3,594,671 

Memo: Euro Area 1 ........................................................ 323,436 317,096 371,630 387,989 547,748 886,366 

Memo: European Union 2............................................... 963,045 986,853 1,241,915 1,360,096 2,086,758 3,480,681 

Canada............................................................................... 27,239 25,675 32,131 39,513 43,759 58,898 

Total Latin America............................................................ 13,299 11,914 14,668 13,908 13,764 18,826 

Caribbean: 

Cayman Islands ............................................................. 57,234 57,369 69,515 82,005 110,074 144,646 

All other Caribbean ........................................................ 15,655 14,361 16,607 18,331 22,706 30,542 

Total Caribbean ......................................................... 72,889 71,730 86,122 100,336 132,780 175,188 

Asia: 

Japan ............................................................................. 37,077 35,307 38,566 40,878 67,577 101,660 

All other Asia.................................................................. 16,367 17,454 22,725 23,546 33,085 66,326 

Total Asia ................................................................... 53,444 52,761 61,291 64,424 100,662 167,986 

Total Africa......................................................................... 2,153 1,929 2,251 2,794 3,025 3,930 

Other countries: 

Australia ......................................................................... 10,567 11,867 10,909 14,915 13,239 20,309 

All other.......................................................................... 576 585 841 801 849 789 

Total other countries .................................................. 11,143 12,452 11,750 15,716 14,088 21,098 

Total foreign countries ........................................... 1,174,543 1,194,352 1,486,248 1,644,523 2,473,962 4,040,597 

Total International and regional organizations .................. 4,616 4,250 3,650 5,135 5,389 7,097 

Grand total ................................................................. 1,179,159 1,198,603 1,489,898 1,649,656 2,479,347 4,047,695 

1 Includes Austria, Belgium, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, 

Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Portugal, and Spain. As of January 2007, the euro area 

also includes Slovenia; however, separate data for Slovenia are not available.

2 As of May 2004, the European Union includes Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, the Czech Republic, 

Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, 

Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, and 

the United Kingdom. Data available beginning June 2006. As of January 2007, also includes 

Bulgaria and Romania.
CAPITAL MOVEMENTS 

September 2008 

82 

TABLE CM-V-3.—Gross Total of Holdings with Positive Fair Values, 

by Country 

[Holdings at end of period in millions of dollars. Source: Treasury International Capital Reporting System] 

Country 2006 2007 2008 

 Dec. Mar. June Sept. Dec. Mar. p 

 

Europe: 

Belgium ..................................................................... 9,806 8,912 8,842 9,314 13,329 18,708 

France ....................................................................... 73,478 73,207 83,389 93,953 139,382 226,062 

Germany.................................................................... 97,012 98,356 117,155 121,413 185,036 302,500 

Ireland ....................................................................... 120,433 112,496 133,020 126,251 163,883 275,417 

Italy............................................................................ 12,119 11,957 12,016 12,539 15,668 20,850 

Netherlands............................................................... 23,547 24,160 26,664 30,090 36,044 66,908 

Switzerland................................................................ 29,175 29,596 34,479 47,315 69,586 111,750 

United Kingdom......................................................... 658,948 686,388 886,400 997,074 1,558,401 2,634,335 

All other Europe ........................................................ 23,466 23,938 29,745 31,943 47,949 51,901 

Total Europe.......................................................... 1,047,984 1,069,011 1,331,710 1,469,891 2,229,278 3,708,431 

Memo: Euro Area 1.................................................... 349,741 342,463 396,621 409,853 572,162 937,957 

Memo: European Union 2.......................................... 1,015,511 1,036,441 1,293,805 1,418,452 2,143,934 3,588,062 

Canada.......................................................................... 31,611 29,244 37,100 45,346 51,648 71,569 

Total Latin America ....................................................... 14,278 13,204 16,905 16,055 16,037 21,763 

Caribbean: 

Cayman Islands ........................................................ 49,702 51,721 58,765 76,659 112,007 154,176 

All other Caribbean ................................................... 17,461 16,053 16,627 17,114 21,305 30,145 

Total Caribbean..................................................... 67,163 67,774 75,392 93,773 133,312 184,321 

Asia: 

Japan......................................................................... 38,327 35,427 40,831 41,031 66,643 98,841 

All other Asia ............................................................. 19,560 19,752 22,538 26,414 36,647 73,158 

Total Asia .............................................................. 57,887 55,179 63,369 67,445 103,290 171,999 

Total Africa .................................................................... 3,088 3,127 3,075 3,579 4,260 4,987 

Other countries: 

Australia .................................................................... 13,509 14,605 15,424 20,397 17,356 25,327 

All other ..................................................................... 762 766 968 865 954 1,042 

Total other countries ............................................. 14,271 15,371 16,392 21,262 18,310 26,369 

Total foreign countries ...................................... 1,236,282 1,252,910 1,543,943 1,717,351 2,556,135 4,189,439 

Total international and regional organizations.............. 2,713 2,665 2,770 3,253 3,104 3,802 

Grand total ............................................................ 1,238,995 1,255,575 1,546,712 1,720,605 2,559,237 4,193,242 

1 Includes Austria, Belgium, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, 

Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Portugal, and Spain. As of January 2007, the euro 

area also includes Slovenia; however, separate data for Slovenia are not available.

2 As of May 2004, the European Union includes Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, the Czech Republic, 

Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, 

Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, and 

the United Kingdom. Data available beginning June 2006. As of January 2007, also includes 

Bulgaria and Romania.
CAPITAL MOVEMENTS 

September 2008 

83

TABLE CM-V-4.—Net Cash Settlements Received by U.S. Residents from Foreign 

Residents, by Type of Contract 

[In millions of dollars. Source: Treasury International Capital Reporting System] 

 2007 2007 2008 

Type of Derivatives Contract Total Jan. - Mar. Apr. - June July - Sept. Oct. - Dec. Jan. - Mar. p 

Total over-the-counter (OTC) contracts................................................. 6,816 10,206 862 5,001 -9,253 -4,256 

Single-currency interest rate contracts .............................................. 9,539 507 6,557 3,849 -1,374 -6,127 

Foreign exchange contracts............................................................... -3,814 2,053 -2,814 -2,229 -824 -3,559 

Other contracts................................................................................... 1,091 7,646 -2,881 3,381 -7,055 5,430 

Total exchange-traded contracts ........................................................... -629 4,589 -1,869 941 -4,290 -3,745 

Own contracts on foreign exchanges ................................................ 3,566 1,079 1,229 2,353 -1,095 1,709 

U.S. customers’ contracts on foreign exchanges .............................. 2,634 1,418 1,300 -627 543 -648 

Foreign counterparty contacts on U.S. exchanges ........................... -6,829 2,092 -4,398 -785 -3,738 -4,806 

Total net cash settlements from foreigners ........................................... 6,187 14,795 -1,007 5,942 -13,543 -8,001 

Memorandum items: 

Contracts with foreign official institutions....................................... 872 -443 1,315 -309 309 1,431 

 

 Note.—Negative figures indicate net cash payments or a net outflow of capital from the United States. 
CAPITAL MOVEMENTS 

September 2008 

84 

TABLE CM-V-5.—Net Cash Settlements Received by U.S. Residents from Foreign 

Residents, by Country 

[In millions of dollars. Source: Treasury International Capital Reporting System] 

2007 2007 2008 

Country Total Jan. - Mar. Apr. - June July - Sept. Oct. - Dec. Jan. - Mar. 

Europe: 

Belgium .............................................................................................. -2,380 -503 139 381 -2,396 23

France................................................................................................ -3,685 -728 -1,679 -1,175 -103 -156

Germany ............................................................................................ 84 1,974 -424 -1,804 338 -564

Ireland ................................................................................................ -319 -3,114 1,103 605 1,087 -1,061

Italy..................................................................................................... 730 -269 55 641 303 -249

Netherlands........................................................................................ 516 -56 928 -444 89 -594

Switzerland ........................................................................................ 6,498 3,458 1,847 2,080 -887 -5,085

United Kingdom ................................................................................. 12,535 11,476 -1,185 8,408 -6,164 -1,900

All other Europe ................................................................................. 2,114 -507 3,057 1,432 -1,869 1,524

Total Europe .................................................................................. 16,093 11,731 3,841 10,123 -9,602 -8,062

Memo: Euro area 1 ............................................................................. -2,962 -3,380 3,462 -1,018 -2,026 -2,368

Memo: European Union 2................................................................... 9,715 7,958 2,187 8,190 -8,620 -2,941

Canada................................................................................................... -3,005 2,630 -3,865 -625 -1,145 3,139

Total Latin America................................................................................ -1,329 -805 485 1,346 -2,355 -330

Caribbean: 

Cayman Islands ................................................................................. -1,159 1,073 -1,238 -3,732 2,738 3,149

All other Caribbean ............................................................................ -250 922 -33 -22 -1,117 -1,003

Total Caribbean ............................................................................. -1,409 1,995 -1,271 -3,754 1,621 2,146

Asia: 

Japan ................................................................................................. -2,703 -14 -936 511 -2,264 -4,730

All other Asia...................................................................................... -12 195 2,041 -1,885 -363 -1,647

Total Asia ....................................................................................... -2,715 181 1,105 -1,374 -2,627 -6,377

Total Africa............................................................................................. -264 -263 -212 329 -118 -146

Other countries: 

Australia ............................................................................................. -1,602 -649 -2,012 -36 1,095 1,352

All other.............................................................................................. -230 -136 -38 -65 9 18

Total other countries ...................................................................... -1,832 -785 -2,050 -101 1,104 1,370

Total foreign countries ............................................................... 5,539 14,684 -1,967 5,944 -13,122 -8,260

Total international and regional organizations....................................... 651 112 959 -2 -418 255

Grand total ..................................................................................... 6,187 14,795 -1,007 5,942 -13,543 -8,001

1

 Includes Austria, Belgium, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, 

the Netherlands, Portugal, and Spain. As of January 2007, the euro area also includes 

Slovenia; however, separate data for Slovenia are not available. 

2 As of May 2004, the European Union includes Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, the Czech Republic, 

Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, 

Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, 

Sweden, and the United Kingdom. Data available beginning June 2006. As of January 2007, 

also includes Bulgaria and Romania. 

Note.—Negative figures indicate net cash payments or a net outflow of capital from the United 

States. 
 September 2008 

85

INTRODUCTION: Foreign Currency Positions

The “Treasury Bulletin” reports foreign currency 

holdings of large foreign exchange market participants. 

These reports provide information on positions in derivative 

instruments, such as foreign exchange futures and options, 

that are increasingly used in establishing foreign exchange 

positions but were not covered in the old reports. 

The information is based on reports of large foreign 

exchange market participants on holdings of five major 

foreign currencies (Canadian dollar, Japanese yen, Swiss 

franc, pound sterling, and euro) and the U.S. dollar. 

Positions in the U.S. dollar, which have been collected since 

January 1999, are intended to approximate “all other” 

currency positions of reporting institutions. U.S.-based 

businesses file a consolidated report for their domestic and 

foreign subsidiaries, branches, and agencies. U.S. 

subsidiaries of foreign entities file only for themselves, not 

for their foreign parents. Filing is required by law (31 United 

States Code 5315; 31 Code of Federal Regulations 128, 

Subpart C). 

Weekly and monthly reports must be filed throughout the 

calendar year by major foreign exchange market 

participants, which are defined as market participants with 

more than $50 billion equivalent in foreign exchange 

contracts on the last business day of any calendar quarter 

during the previous year (end March, June, September, or 

December). Such contracts include the amounts of foreign 

exchange spot contracts bought and sold, foreign exchange 

forward contracts bought and sold, foreign exchange futures 

bought and sold, and one half the notional amount of foreign 

exchange options bought and sold. 

A quarterly report must be filed throughout the calendar 

year by each foreign exchange market participant that had 

more than $5 billion equivalent in foreign exchange 

contracts on the last business day of any quarter the previous 

year (end March, June, September, or December). 

This information is published in six sections 

corresponding to each of the major currencies covered by the 

reports. Tables I-1 through VI-1 present the currency data 

reported weekly by major market participants. Tables I-2 

through VI-2 present more detailed currency data of major 

market participants, based on monthly Treasury reports. 

Tables I-3 through VI-3 present quarterly consolidated 

currency data reported by large market participants that do 

not file weekly reports. 

Principal exchanged under cross-currency interest rate 

swaps is reported as part of purchases or sales of foreign 

exchange. Such principal also was noted separately on 

monthly and quarterly reports through December 1998, 

when this practice was discontinued. The net options 

position, or the net delta-equivalent value of an options 

position, is an estimate of the relationship between an 

option’s value and an equivalent currency hedge. The delta 

equivalent value is defined as the product of the first partial 

derivative of an option valuation formula (with respect to the 

price of the underlying currency) multiplied by the notional 

principal of the contract. 
FOREIGN CURRENCY POSITIONS 

September 2008 

86 

SECTION I.—Canadian Dollar Positions 

TABLE FCP-I-1.—Weekly Report of Major Market Participants 

[In millions of Canadian dollars. Source: Office of International Monetary and Financial Policy] 

Spot, forward and future contracts 

Report date 

Purchased 

(1) 

Sold 

(2) 

Net options positions 

(3) 

Exchange 

rate 

(Canadian 

dollars per 

U.S. dollar)

(4) 

 

01/02/08 .................................................................... 700,869 722,677 371 0.9922 

01/09/08 .................................................................... 701,156 724,611 61 1.0083 

01/16/08 .................................................................... 732,776 754,205 -676 1.0238 

01/23/08 .................................................................... 754,958 777,030 -506 1.0282 

01/30/08 .................................................................... 744,407 763,892 149 0.9936 

 

02/06/08 .................................................................... 755,483 773,545 382 1.0023 

02/13/08 .................................................................... 758,778 779,530 462 0.9992 

02/20/08 .................................................................... 772,108 792,160 152 1.0188 

02/27/08 .................................................................... 784,073 800,639 276 0.9776 

 

03/05/08 .................................................................... 800,588 818,259 346 0.9897 

03/12/08 .................................................................... 837,104 854,673 -1,199 0.9895 

03/19/08 .................................................................... 694,139 711,648 767 1.0027 

03/26/08 .................................................................... 682,899 702,909 n.a. 1.0180 

 

04/02/08 .................................................................... 727,491 747,411 1,314 1.0173 

04/09/08 .................................................................... 714,167 733,362 1,390 1.0192 

04/16/08 .................................................................... 727,982 746,823 1,525 1.0021 

04/23/08 .................................................................... 731,564 753,101 1,273 1.0194 

04/30/08 .................................................................... 786,625 806,551 1,267 1.0092 

 

05/07/08 .................................................................... 759,913 777,744 1,846 1.0020 

05/14/08 .................................................................... 733,995 756,722 1,596 1.0018 

05/21/08 .................................................................... 739,128 758,182 1,502 0.9840 

05/28/08 .................................................................... 752,027 769,697 1,300 0.9913 

 

06/04/08 .................................................................... 798,089 815,805 920 1.0145 

06/11/08 .................................................................... 870,491 891,674 1,253 1.0170 

06/18/08 .................................................................... 693,450 718,247 1,338 1.0186 

06/25/08 .................................................................... 695,358 716,469 1,363 1.0134 

 
FOREIGN CURRENCY POSITIONS 

September 2008 

87

SECTION I.—Canadian Dollar Positions, con. 

TABLE FCP-I-2.—Monthly Report of Major Market Participants 

[In millions of Canadian dollars. Office of International Monetary and Financial Policy] 

Spot, forward Options positions 

and future contracts 

Foreign currency 

denominated Calls Puts 

Report date 

Purchased 

(1) 

Sold 

(2) 

Assets 

(3) 

Liabilities

(4) 

Bought 

(5) 

Written

(6) 

Bought 

(7) 

Written 

(8) 

Net delta

equivalent

(9) 

Exchange rate

(Canadian 

dollars per 

U.S. dollar) 

(10) 

 

2005 - Dec................... 471,195 477,247 149,188 129,053 73,479 72,651 64,515 66,847 2,713 1.1656 

2006 - Dec................... 579,771 588,986 160,820 146,721 74,389 68,162 90,305 94,040 6,142 1.1652 

2007 - July................... 811,751 820,117 204,717 194,650 69,720 69,176 75,050 76,816 248 1.0656 

Aug .................. 913,249 916,582 189,997 189,500 76,818 76,789 87,481 89,594 667 1.0560 

Sept................. 782,885 797,555 207,260 189,165 77,656 73,218 78,891 86,866 346 0.9959 

Oct................... 825,912 834,311 212,025 192,486 81,806 80,320 83,153 87,385 2,267 0.9496 

Nov .................. 912,166 927,671 203,040 187,837 87,140 84,501 87,329 92,796 -590 1.0007 

Dec .................. 694,064 714,446 197,438 182,233 71,200 69,421 72,055 77,515 -522 0.9881 

2008 - Jan ................... 776,057 792,881 192,919 172,864 73,674 69,899 80,493 84,503 -359 1.0018 

Feb .................. 813,057 828,410 203,219 186,880 70,622 67,515 78,337 82,716 34 0.9796 

Mar .................. 704,900 725,870 197,173 181,297 68,766 64,611 79,214 84,604 636 1.0275 

Apr................... 792,511 811,750 204,674 182,754 72,251 61,955 78,321 86,569 446 1.0092 

May.................. 783,032 800,143 193,260 175,265 75,246 62,438 69,409 81,474 305 0.9938 

June................. 708,422 723,727 195,618 177,698 73,064 62,946 66,938 77,223 550 1.0185 

 

TABLE FCP-I-3.—Quarterly Report of Large Market Participants 

[In millions of Canadian dollars. Source: Office of International Monetary and Financial Policy] 

Spot, forward Options positions 

and future contracts 

Foreign currency 

denominated Calls Puts 

Report date 

Purchased 

(1) 

Sold 

(2) 

Assets 

(3) 

Liabilities

(4) 

Bought 

(5) 

Written 

(6) 

Bought 

(7) 

 Written 

 (8) 

Net delta 

equivalent 

(9) 

Exchange rate

(Canadian 

dollars per 

U.S. dollar) 

(10) 

 

2005 - Dec................... 25,109 32,454 96,654 n.a. 451 n.a. 2,157 660 n.a. 1.1656 

2006 - Mar................... 21,479 27,460 n.a. n.a. 662 824 2,870 905 -826 1.167 

 June ................. 22,757 27,397 n.a. n.a. 463 758 2,501 688 -700 1.115 

 Sept.................. 22,644 29,191 87,920 n.a. 419 460 2,269 882 -459 1.1151 

 Dec................... 20,327 26,745 65,076 34,842 833 456 1,536 844 n.a. 1.1652 

2007 - Mar................... 13,129 21,573 67,774 32,113 444 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. 1.153 

 June ................. 10,551 16,894 94,501 65,451 259 346 1,481 805 -174 1.0634 

Sept.................. 10,062 16,161 92,670 69,270 n.a. 256 1,450 n.a. -192 0.9959 

Dec................... 9,864 17,299 90,515 74,923 n.a. 1,186 1,628 703 -300 0.9881 

2008 - Mar................... 11,982 20,408 101,452 71,635 836 957 2,125 1,310 -470 1.0275 

 
FOREIGN CURRENCY POSITIONS 

September 2008 

88 

SECTION II.—Japanese Yen Positions 

TABLE FCP-II-1.—Weekly Report of Major Market Participants 

[In billions of Japanese yen. Source: Office of International Monetary and Financial Policy] 

Spot, forward and future contracts 

Report date 

Purchased 

(1) 

Sold 

(2) 

Net options positions 

(3) 

Exchange 

rate 

(Japanese 

yen per 

U.S. dollar)

(4) 

 

01/02/08 .................................................................. 439,699 438,694 619 109.70 

01/09/08 .................................................................. 438,746 436,553 674 109.40 

01/16/08 .................................................................. 460,495 459,956 1,077 107.27 

01/23/08 .................................................................. 456,312 455,798 1,562 105.42 

01/30/08 .................................................................. 451,756 450,638 1,420 107.25 

 

02/06/08 .................................................................. 458,249 457,181 1,440 106.75 

02/13/08 .................................................................. 450,675 450,210 1,279 108.15 

02/20/08 .................................................................. 445,508 446,074 1,188 107.97 

02/27/08 .................................................................. 455,236 454,616 1,172 106.38 

 

03/05/08 .................................................................. 466,842 466,920 1,480 103.99 

03/12/08 .................................................................. 481,298 482,567 2,268 102.38 

03/19/08 .................................................................. 438,080 440,701 1,929 99.34 

03/26/08 .................................................................. 417,271 420,906 1,429 99.12 

 

04/02/08 .................................................................. 428,101 431,277 1,701 102.77 

04/09/08 .................................................................. 422,763 425,708 1,816 101.83 

04/16/08 .................................................................. 424,130 427,777 2,023 101.40 

04/23/08 .................................................................. 423,244 426,654 1,880 103.55 

04/30/08 .................................................................. 436,662 440,487 1,893 104.53 

 

05/07/08 .................................................................. 439,104 442,271 1,994 105.28 

05/14/08 .................................................................. 425,139 429,348 1,961 105.20 

05/21/08 .................................................................. 423,070 427,499 2,161 103.34 

05/28/08 .................................................................. 432,260 438,033 1,973 104.69 

 

06/04/08 .................................................................. 427,496 432,391 1,962 104.99 

06/11/08 .................................................................. 447,107 451,614 1,767 106.77 

06/18/08 .................................................................. 390,734 394,974 1,873 108.05 

06/25/08 .................................................................. 399,781 404,530 2,047 108.29 

 
FOREIGN CURRENCY POSITIONS 

September 2008 

89

SECTION II.—Japanese Yen Positions, con. 

TABLE FCP-II-2.—Monthly Report of Major Market Participants 

[In billions of Japanese yen. Source: Office of International Monetary and Financial Policy] 

Spot, forward Options positions 

and future contracts 

Foreign currency 

denominated Calls Puts 

Report date 

Purchased 

(1) 

Sold 

(2) 

Assets 

(3) 

Liabilities 

(4) 

Bought

(5) 

Written 

(6) 

Bought 

(7) 

 Written 

 (8) 

Net delta

equivalent

(9) 

Exchange rate

(Japanese yen 

per U.S. dollar)

(10) 

 

2005 - Dec.................. 263,085 265,279 54,259 56,128 63,192 62,541 57,311 56,285 -905 117.88 

2006 - Dec.................. 326,745 321,477 59,888 61,243 80,330 84,922 81,768 78,511 -1,538 119.02 

2007 - July.................. 460,613 460,112 71,939 71,388 104,491 113,062 110,260 107,607 1,492 119.13 

Aug ................. 434,288 427,589 66,653 67,865 120,413 127,160 118,776 116,538 998 115.83 

Sept................ 426,224 426,823 68,112 69,272 109,823 117,283 116,910 116,266 76 114.97 

Oct.................. 451,506 448,407 72,174 72,115 113,350 119,390 120,779 120,995 1,004 115.27 

Nov ................. 501,581 498,485 64,974 66,744 117,272 121,852 125,500 124,894 731 111.02 

Dec ................. 463,494 462,366 69,975 72,014 112,480 115,176 122,042 123,860 761 111.71 

2008 - Jan .................. 490,030 488,827 71,259 73,463 107,544 112,513 120,372 116,450 1,499 106.74 

Feb ................. 495,368 494,130 69,639 71,944 101,084 108,656 122,855 117,542 1,301 104.19 

Mar ................. 443,854 446,334 72,918 75,250 97,540 104,402 120,219 115,041 1,795 99.85 

Apr.................. 466,324 469,942 65,225 64,829 99,022 105,469 126,044 116,971 1,886 104.53 

May................. 461,438 466,315 63,410 62,519 95,209 99,745 122,994 116,228 1,860 105.46 

June................ 439,162 443,086 61,139 61,095 96,713 97,406 121,907 120,939 2,325 106.17 

 

TABLE FCP-II-3.—Quarterly Report of Large Market Participants 

[In billions of Japanese yen. Source: Office of International Monetary and Financial Policy] 

Spot, forward Options positions 

and future contracts 

Foreign currency 

denominated Calls Puts 

Report date 

Purchased 

(1) 

Sold 

(2) 

Assets 

(3) 

Liabilities

(4) 

Bought 

(5) 

Written 

(6) 

Bought 

(7) 

 Written 

 (8) 

Net delta 

equivalent 

(9) 

Exchange rate

(Japanese yen 

per U.S. dollar)

(10) 

 

2005 - Dec................... 8,359 8,965 7,360 3,943 462 469 929 501 -148 117.88 

2006 - Mar................... 9,571 10,001 10,039 6,016 817 n.a. 1,041 n.a. -78 117.48 

June ................. 8,718 8,903 7,932 4,224 1,061 n.a. 505 n.a. 198 114.51 

Sept.................. 8,643 9,325 6,821 3,439 n.a. n.a. 782 n.a. -57 117.99 

Dec................... 9,336 9,825 6,913 4,069 n.a. n.a. 1,001 n.a. -239 119.02 

2007 - Mar................... 4,623 5,036 6,174 2,904 910 n.a. 1,749 1,166 -325 117.56 

June ................. 4,408 5,575 7,442 3,064 n.a. n.a. 2,210 n.a. n.a. 123.39 

Sept.................. 5,039 6,234 6,558 2,808 1,170 518 1,005 587 n.a. 114.97 

Dec................... 4,816 5,798 6,497 3,070 761 711 988 896 38 111.71 

2008 - Mar................... 5,274 5,745 5,269 2,693 376 340 1,097 866 58 99.85 

 
FOREIGN CURRENCY POSITIONS 

September 2008 

90 

SECTION III.—Swiss Franc Positions 

TABLE FCP-III-1.—Weekly Report of Major Market Participants 

[In millions of Swiss francs. Source: Office of International Monetary and Financial Policy] 

 

Spot, forward and future contracts 

Report date 

Purchased 

(1) 

Sold 

(2) 

Net options positions 

(3) 

Exchange 

rate (Swiss 

francs per 

U.S. dollar)

(4) 

 

01/02/08 .................................................................. 992,284 998,679 4,667 1.1174 

01/09/08 .................................................................. 1,023,360 1,025,007 2,210 1.1151 

01/16/08 .................................................................. 1,078,481 1,084,468 6,840 1.1008 

01/23/08 .................................................................. 1,148,891 1,152,833 6,689 1.0898 

01/30/08 .................................................................. 1,133,566 1,136,689 7,015 1.0927 

 

02/06/08 .................................................................. 1,167,618 1,170,007 n.a. 1.0977 

02/13/08 .................................................................. 1,185,082 1,184,780 6,365 1.1074 

02/20/08 .................................................................. 1,153,062 1,151,235 6,377 1.1003 

02/27/08 .................................................................. 1,186,220 1,183,420 4,365 1.0637 

 

03/05/08 .................................................................. 1,216,713 1,213,464 6,497 1.0364 

03/12/08 .................................................................. 1,291,061 1,285,147 5,916 1.0217 

03/19/08 .................................................................. 1,036,831 1,037,911 6,212 1.0006 

03/26/08 .................................................................. 992,124 990,606 4,894 0.9955 

 

04/02/08 .................................................................. 1,027,414 1,028,072 n.a. 1.0148 

04/09/08 .................................................................. 982,412 985,275 4,888 1.0019 

04/16/08 .................................................................. 998,147 999,115 5,105 0.9979 

04/23/08 .................................................................. 988,753 993,155 6,783 1.0146 

04/30/08 .................................................................. 1,014,228 1,019,364 8,441 1.0422 

 

05/07/08 .................................................................. 1,024,591 1,029,042 8,026 1.0583 

05/14/08 .................................................................. 1,002,284 1,004,982 n.a. 1.0558 

05/21/08 .................................................................. 1,017,888 1,025,352 7,667 1.0297 

05/28/08 .................................................................. 1,088,952 1,096,887 7,950 1.0382 

 

06/04/08 .................................................................. 1,073,794 1,080,299 7,622 1.0408 

06/11/08 .................................................................. 1,104,272 1,110,498 7,007 1.0328 

06/18/08 .................................................................. 873,140 879,905 4,961 1.0413 

06/25/08 .................................................................. 875,865 882,816 4,991 1.0424 

 
FOREIGN CURRENCY POSITIONS 

September 2008 

91

SECTION III.—Swiss Franc Positions, con. 

TABLE FCP-III-2.—Monthly Report of Major Market Participants 

[In millions of Swiss francs. Source: Office of International Monetary and Financial Policy] 

Spot, forward Options positions 

and future contracts 

Foreign currency 

denominated Calls Puts 

Report date 

Purchased 

(1) 

Sold 

(2) 

Assets 

(3) 

Liabilities 

(4) 

Bought 

(5) 

Written 

(6) 

Bought 

(7) 

Written 

(8) 

Net delta

equivalent

(9) 

Exchange rate

(Swiss francs per 

U.S. dollar) 

(10) 

 

2005 - Dec................... 599,163 609,505 58,736 60,650 109,698 99,568 78,533 64,881 3,016 1.3148 

2006 - Dec................... 603,056 627,243 79,535 75,067 132,261 124,219 155,127 164,475 n.a. 1.2195 

2007 - July................... 1,133,989 1,144,688 n.a. n.a. 295,584 291,067 251,256 251,490 3,028 1.2021 

Aug .................. 1,167,250 1,161,001 79,217 81,849 316,811 315,049 279,324 272,879 4,092 1.2071 

Sept................. 1,069,553 1,068,660 93,438 95,560 313,725 314,888 264,687 255,240 2,460 1.1672 

Oct................... 1,177,725 1,184,422 97,481 98,900 308,071 311,637 271,207 262,912 7,223 1.1589 

Nov .................. 1,309,051 1,311,137 93,579 95,429 315,267 312,092 268,136 253,543 4,224 1.1287 

Dec .................. 981,030 987,962 95,668 96,554 296,139 295,801 258,017 244,868 4,527 1.1329 

2008 - Jan ................... 1,183,779 1,190,500 94,103 93,353 298,632 296,744 271,835 261,703 6,042 1.0845 

Feb .................. 1,247,179 1,246,541 98,182 103,160 303,261 296,929 272,978 261,076 6,329 1.0435 

Mar .................. 1,023,038 1,024,562 89,945 94,181 312,854 311,534 279,277 264,442 4,678 0.9921 

Apr................... 1,066,288 1,070,771 90,352 95,096 321,797 313,672 288,797 276,183 9,454 1.0422 

May.................. 1,077,285 1,083,612 81,621 87,293 237,148 240,622 292,500 270,968 7,882 1.0426 

June................. 961,572 965,153 78,608 85,377 240,478 248,576 288,702 261,523 4,852 1.0202 

 

TABLE FCP-III-3.—Quarterly Report of Large Market Participants 

[In millions of Swiss francs. Source: Office of International Monetary and Financial Policy] 

Options positions Spot, forward 

and future contracts 

Foreign currency 

denominated Calls Puts 

Report date 

Purchased 

(1) 

Sold 

(2) 

Assets 

(3) 

Liabilities

(4) 

Bought 

(5) 

Written 

(6) 

Bought 

(7) 

Written 

(8) 

Net delta 

equivalent 

(9) 

Exchange rate

(Swiss francs per 

U.S. dollar) 

(10) 

 

2005 - Dec................... 13,695 23,402 42,747 10,432 745 n.a. 689 517 82 1.3148 

2006 - Mar................... 19,986 28,587 41,674 11,025 n.a. n.a. 745 575 n.a. 1.3025 

June ................. 17,463 20,886 45,077 11,561 n.a. n.a. 623 479 n.a. 1.2247 

Sept.................. 16,524 23,319 44,741 11,124 n.a. n.a. 1,099 590 n.a. 1.2504 

Dec................... 19,099 26,282 46,317 11,031 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. 1.2195 

2007 - Mar................... 23,188 25,040 47,552 13,441 1,819 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. 1.2126 

June ................. 16,511 23,187 46,886 14,061 855 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. 1.224 

Sept.................. 20,823 24,139 46,837 13,612 2,422 n.a. 596 n.a. 136 1.1672 

Dec................... 15,134 20,077 46,339 10,338 584 283 535 324 -69 1.1329 

2008 - Mar................... 17,853 25,257 46,525 10,646 1,166 679 1,589 696 -16 0.9921 

 
FOREIGN CURRENCY POSITIONS 

September 2008 

92 

SECTION IV.—Sterling Positions 

TABLE FCP-IV-1.—Weekly Report of Major Market Participants 

[In millions of pounds sterling. Source: Office of International Monetary and Financial Policy] 

 

Spot, forward and future contracts 

Report date 

Purchased 

(1) 

Sold 

(2) 

Net options positions 

(3) 

Exchange 

rate (U.S. 

dollars per 

pound) 

(4) 

 

01/02/08 .................................................................. 1,110,821 1,127,620 3,113 1.9824 

01/09/08 .................................................................. 1,149,718 1,163,332 1,994 1.9564 

01/16/08 .................................................................. 1,185,651 1,194,878 883 1.9638 

01/23/08 .................................................................. 1,161,398 1,166,056 651 1.9515 

01/30/08 .................................................................. 1,208,553 1,219,652 2,477 1.9880 

 

02/06/08 .................................................................. 1,179,018 1,187,002 1,678 1.9604 

02/13/08 .................................................................. 1,216,916 1,227,969 2,316 1.9618 

02/20/08 .................................................................. 1,190,102 1,195,039 1,887 1.9405 

02/27/08 .................................................................. 1,236,595 1,240,394 2,612 1.9923 

 

03/05/08 .................................................................. 1,234,023 1,238,711 2,191 1.9939 

03/12/08 .................................................................. 1,267,391 1,270,201 2,146 2.0211 

03/19/08 .................................................................. 1,141,245 1,151,164 1,871 1.9858 

03/26/08 .................................................................. 1,114,866 1,122,961 2,544 2.0019 

 

04/02/08 .................................................................. 1,154,448 1,157,926 1,674 1.9827 

04/09/08 .................................................................. 1,117,228 1,121,331 1,108 1.9726 

04/16/08 .................................................................. 1,147,467 1,151,000 1,002 1.9756 

04/23/08 .................................................................. 1,144,102 1,144,435 1,170 1.9786 

04/30/08 .................................................................. 1,162,114 1,167,346 783 1.9847 

 

05/07/08 .................................................................. 1,167,935 1,171,464 443 1.9522 

05/14/08 .................................................................. 1,186,989 1,187,957 81 1.9451 

05/21/08 .................................................................. 1,183,785 1,183,974 442 1.9669 

05/28/08 .................................................................. 1,274,659 1,277,612 210 1.9806 

 

06/04/08 .................................................................. 1,238,965 1,239,332 -366 1.9548 

06/11/08 .................................................................. 1,306,128 1,308,547 -127 1.9646 

06/18/08 .................................................................. 1,137,435 1,139,294 84 1.9570 

06/25/08 .................................................................. 1,106,842 1,108,790 778 1.9672 

 
FOREIGN CURRENCY POSITIONS 

September 2008 

93

SECTION IV.—Sterling Positions, con. 

TABLE FCP-IV-2.—Monthly Report of Major Market Participants 

[In millions of pounds sterling. Source: Office of International Monetary and Financial Policy] 

Spot, forward Options positions 

and future contracts 

Foreign currency 

denominated Calls Puts 

Report date 

Purchased 

(1) 

Sold 

(2) 

Assets 

(3) 

Liabilities 

(4) 

Bought 

(5) 

Written 

(6) 

Bought 

(7) 

Written 

(8) 

Net delta

equivalent

(9) 

Exchange rate 

(U.S. dollars 

per pound) 

(10) 

 

2005 - Dec................... 726,831 742,942 288,304 257,418 79,921 73,874 85,985 89,663 3,270 1.7188 

2006 - Dec................... 813,178 846,452 400,194 350,140 81,276 73,370 78,380 80,387 2,269 1.9586 

2007 - July................... 1,182,008 1,214,237 457,250 387,327 92,156 90,678 96,477 107,658 2,887 2.0364 

Aug .................. 1,111,865 1,136,913 401,821 357,969 98,705 93,872 104,946 117,804 2,650 2.0165 

Sept................. 1,137,887 1,150,885 443,238 363,358 86,357 80,897 96,692 109,324 3,593 2.0389 

Oct................... 1,186,907 1,199,999 468,682 398,002 80,558 75,506 92,091 104,966 4,037 2.0777 

Nov .................. 1,279,478 1,296,715 448,573 370,895 90,111 80,093 98,136 112,968 5,504 2.0567 

Dec .................. 1,106,323 1,121,684 450,883 372,556 80,197 69,881 93,248 103,301 3,400 1.9843 

2008 - Jan ................... 1,220,025 1,231,394 463,681 374,928 76,989 66,042 110,200 119,264 1,464 1.9895 

Feb .................. 1,245,182 1,249,918 471,218 368,666 78,323 67,643 114,945 125,253 1,878 1.9864 

Mar .................. 1,173,412 1,179,272 474,291 375,421 80,102 69,629 124,441 139,517 1,339 1.9855 

Apr................... 1,201,518 1,207,229 506,423 359,458 82,412 67,934 123,659 139,813 -310 1.9847 

May.................. 1,246,155 1,248,506 479,557 332,747 84,379 68,920 111,410 126,483 -1,069 1.9793 

June................. 1,172,121 1,168,789 470,463 331,253 72,241 58,749 91,843 104,769 -473 1.9906 

 

TABLE FCP-IV-3.—Quarterly Report of Large Market Participants 

[In millions of pounds sterling. Source: Office of International Monetary and Financial Policy] 

Spot, forward Options positions 

and future contracts 

Foreign currency 

denominated Calls Puts 

Report date 

Purchased 

(1) 

Sold 

(2) 

Assets 

(3) 

Liabilities 

(4) 

Bought 

(5) 

Written 

(6) 

Bought 

(7) 

Written 

(8) 

Net delta 

equivalent 

(9) 

Exchange rate 

(U.S. dollars 

per pound) 

(10) 

 

2005 - Dec................... 23,489 37,615 50,161 23,561 408 359 n.a. n.a. -786 1.7188 

2006 - Mar................... 19,284 50,266 56,236 25,296 409 336 2,413 714 146 1.7393 

June ................. 26,222 46,526 60,738 26,947 394 336 2,559 667 182 1.8491 

Sept.................. 23,238 32,069 52,940 20,660 n.a. n.a. 2,244 722 176 1.8716 

Dec................... 23,342 31,721 53,158 18,843 n.a. n.a. 2,034 565 10 1.9586 

2007 - Mar................... 12,787 20,170 60,460 22,609 267 69 n.a. n.a. -441 1.9685 

June ................. 9,617 19,167 61,316 24,253 n.a. 60 n.a. n.a. n.a. 2.0063 

Sept.................. 10,145 20,745 75,325 30,537 154 n.a. 2,491 n.a. n.a. 2.0389 

Dec................... 11,365 22,642 76,423 26,918 139 159 3,733 n.a. -1,292 1.9843 

2008 - Mar................... 11,811 23,323 63,715 28,257 n.a. 90 1,956 883 -1,168 1.9855 

 
FOREIGN CURRENCY POSITIONS 

September 2008 

94 

SECTION V.—U.S. Dollar Positions 

TABLE FCP-V-1.—Weekly Report of Major Market Participants 

[In millions of U.S. dollars. Source: Office of International Monetary and Financial Policy] 

 

Spot, forward and future contracts 

Report date 

Purchased 

(1) 

Sold 

(2) 

Net options positions 

(3) 

Exchange 

rate 

(4) 

 

01/02/08 ................................................................ 16,040,207 15,979,334 3,177 n.a. 

01/09/08 ................................................................ 16,236,861 16,215,529 4,412 n.a. 

01/16/08 ................................................................ 16,989,103 16,954,762 -1,276 n.a. 

01/23/08 ................................................................ 17,067,710 17,023,141 -2,993 n.a. 

01/30/08 ................................................................ 17,462,134 17,448,171 267 n.a. 

 

02/06/08 ................................................................ 17,372,816 17,342,620 15,400 n.a. 

02/13/08 ................................................................ 17,546,686 17,527,650 -4,118 n.a. 

02/20/08 ................................................................ 17,387,142 17,376,044 -2,643 n.a. 

02/27/08 ................................................................ 18,122,904 18,141,286 3,152 n.a. 

 

03/05/08 ................................................................ 18,305,726 18,343,875 -2,479 n.a. 

03/12/08 ................................................................ 19,293,280 19,311,788 129 n.a. 

03/19/08 ................................................................ 17,469,913 17,496,352 143 n.a. 

03/26/08 ................................................................ 17,285,667 17,291,545 -3,186 n.a. 

 

04/02/08 ................................................................ 17,367,606 17,380,562 7,122 n.a. 

04/09/08 ................................................................ 17,141,332 17,151,010 3,171 n.a. 

04/16/08 ................................................................ 17,523,992 17,578,434 132 n.a. 

04/23/08 ................................................................ 17,676,652 17,716,111 3,696 n.a. 

04/30/08 ................................................................ 17,596,187 17,613,127 549 n.a. 

 

05/07/08 ................................................................ 17,353,682 17,381,837 45 n.a. 

05/14/08 ................................................................ 17,375,351 17,402,807 5,246 n.a. 

05/21/08 ................................................................ 17,630,914 17,657,671 1,552 n.a. 

05/28/08 ................................................................ 18,621,035 18,732,894 724 n.a. 

 

06/04/08 ................................................................ 18,193,607 18,233,625 -2,806 n.a. 

06/11/08 ................................................................ 18,869,487 18,876,705 3,646 n.a. 

06/18/08 ................................................................ 16,680,151 16,647,728 2,538 n.a. 

06/25/08 ................................................................ 16,852,449 16,814,219 -2,940 n.a. 

 
FOREIGN CURRENCY POSITIONS 

September 2008 

95

SECTION V.—U.S. Dollar Positions, con. 

TABLE FCP-V-2.—Monthly Report of Major Market Participants 

[In millions of U.S. dollars. Source: Office of International Monetary and Financial Policy] 

Spot, forward Options positions 

and future contracts 

Foreign currency 

denominated Calls Puts 

Report date 

Purchased 

(1) 

Sold 

(2) 

Assets 

(3) 

Liabilities 

(4) 

Bought 

(5) 

Written 

(6) 

Bought 

(7) 

Written 

(8) 

Net delta 

equivalent 

(9) 

Exchange 

rate 

(10) 

 

2005 - Dec.................. 8,159,883 8,266,177 - - 1,245,621 1,257,584 1,243,660 1,255,451 -11,239 n.a. 

2006 - Dec.................. 10,523,993 10,613,502 - - 1,877,190 1,921,370 2,004,037 2,251,079 -8,890 n.a. 

2007 - July.................. 15,753,880 15,837,324 - - 3,753,809 2,581,925 4,075,030 4,066,175 5,014 n.a. 

Aug ................. 15,298,456 15,472,068 - - 2,506,587 2,424,323 2,452,767 2,504,774 20,960 n.a. 

Sept................ 15,739,511 15,790,032 - - 2,678,649 2,727,181 3,285,582 n.a. 6,443 n.a. 

Oct.................. 17,003,995 17,019,367 - - 2,656,709 2,590,575 2,620,663 n.a. 878 n.a. 

Nov ................. 18,964,405 18,978,000 - - 2,786,076 2,714,895 2,783,284 n.a. 5,738 n.a. 

Dec ................. 16,604,296 16,621,391 - - 2,665,228 2,579,678 2,534,065 n.a. 794 n.a. 

2008 - Jan .................. 18,485,177 18,506,856 - - 2,713,748 2,515,460 2,553,416 n.a. -3,773 n.a. 

Feb ................. 19,347,277 19,391,890 - - 3,566,916 2,868,568 2,622,890 n.a. 11,550 n.a. 

Mar ................. 18,225,601 18,226,937 - - 2,797,478 2,527,739 2,632,024 n.a. 5,332 n.a. 

Apr.................. 18,600,434 18,653,717 - - 2,736,978 2,700,906 2,651,712 n.a. n.a. n.a. 

May................. 18,987,815 19,043,557 - - 3,287,386 3,803,175 3,285,883 6,608,679 12,071 n.a. 

June................ 18,131,933 18,165,420 - - 3,200,841 3,290,251 3,322,983 6,668,912 8,027 n.a. 

 

TABLE FCP-V-3.—Quarterly Report of Large Market Participants 

[In millions of U.S. dollars. Source: Office of International Monetary and Financial Policy] 

Options positions Spot, forward 

and future contracts 

Foreign currency 

denominated Calls Puts 

Report date 

Purchased 

(1) 

Sold 

(2) 

Assets 

(3) 

Liabilities 

(4) 

Bought 

(5) 

Written 

(6) 

 Bought 

 (7) 

Written 

(8) 

Net delta 

equivalent 

(9) 

Exchange 

rate 

(10) 

 

2005 - Dec................... 419,932 398,823 - - 22,061 14,840 12,765 12,692 3,155 n.a. 

2006 - Mar................... 444,770 436,861 - - 21,312 18,906 18,612 20,083 2,115 n.a. 

June.................. 441,758 453,766 - - 16,802 19,028 16,754 17,785 954 n.a. 

Sept .................. 466,483 478,373 - - 25,157 32,393 20,992 26,372 4,174 n.a. 

Dec ................... 445,675 450,809 - - 25,301 38,520 17,570 23,098 -278 n.a. 

2007 - Mar................... 257,985 245,890 - - 33,632 23,046 17,873 20,639 122 n.a. 

June.................. 271,790 230,303 - - 36,519 32,361 21,051 n.a. 2,341 n.a. 

Sept .................. 283,902 268,604 - - 33,028 21,170 19,119 10,739 -1,325 n.a. 

Dec ................... 297,212 291,395 - - 29,007 22,828 13,464 10,454 2,111 n.a. 

2008 - Mar................... 338,915 342,984 - - 29,794 27,278 15,610 15,318 3,114 n.a. 

 
FOREIGN CURRENCY POSITIONS 

September 2008 

96 

SECTION VI.—Euro Positions 

TABLE FCP-VI-1.—Weekly Report of Major Market Participants 

[In millions of euros. Source: Office of International Monetary and Financial Policy] 

 

Spot, forward and future contracts 

Report date 

Purchased 

(1) 

Sold 

(2) 

Net options positions 

(3) 

Exchange 

rate 

(Euros per 

U.S. dollar)

(4) 

 

01/02/08 ............................................................................. 4,059,114 4,030,739 5,884 0.6785 

01/09/08 ............................................................................. 4,112,180 4,054,836 5,704 0.6820 

01/16/08 ............................................................................. 4,358,126 4,294,288 7,801 0.6829 

01/23/08 ............................................................................. 4,355,077 4,291,799 8,543 0.6862 

01/30/08 ............................................................................. 4,333,278 4,271,059 5,886 0.6765 

 

02/06/08 ............................................................................. 4,371,674 4,320,652 5,525 0.6827 

02/13/08 ............................................................................. 4,421,171 4,377,777 3,156 0.6864 

02/20/08 ............................................................................. 4,364,436 4,314,315 3,265 0.6820 

02/27/08 ............................................................................. 4,524,229 4,468,861 5,516 0.6609 

 

03/05/08 ............................................................................. 4,496,918 4,440,383 11,998 0.6544 

03/12/08 ............................................................................. 4,771,845 4,719,201 13,151 0.6454 

03/19/08 ............................................................................. 4,239,065 4,169,373 9,872 0.6393 

03/26/08 ............................................................................. 4,208,221 4,147,608 8,701 0.6345 

 

04/02/08 ............................................................................. 4,148,946 4,091,264 9,278 0.6403 

04/09/08 ............................................................................. 4,108,079 4,048,716 9,005 0.6328 

04/16/08 ............................................................................. 4,224,840 4,152,979 8,781 0.6259 

04/23/08 ............................................................................. 4,277,764 4,196,449 7,023 0.6290 

04/30/08 ............................................................................. 4,312,696 4,223,258 5,993 0.6423 

 

05/07/08 ............................................................................. 4,276,181 4,188,983 4,834 0.6506 

05/14/08 ............................................................................. 4,238,900 4,144,523 7,169 0.6465 

05/21/08 ............................................................................. 4,360,232 4,255,735 7,307 0.6340 

05/28/08 ............................................................................. 4,479,426 4,370,137 6,376 0.6399 

 

06/04/08 ............................................................................. 4,495,000 4,389,059 6,524 0.6471 

06/11/08 ............................................................................. 4,552,435 4,460,048 7,745 0.6426 

06/18/08 ............................................................................. 4,080,087 3,993,133 7,053 0.6451 

06/25/08 ............................................................................. 4,127,525 4,037,021 6,681 0.6423 

 
FOREIGN CURRENCY POSITIONS 

September 2008 

97

SECTION VI.—Euro Positions, con. 

TABLE FCP-VI-2.—Monthly Report of Major Market Participants 

[In millions of euros. Source: Office of International Monetary and Financial Policy] 

Spot, forward Options positions 

and future contracts 

Foreign currency 

denominated Calls Puts 

Report date 

Purchased 

(1) 

Sold 

(2) 

Assets 

(3) 

Liabilities 

(4) 

Bought 

(5) 

Written 

(6) 

Bought

(7) 

Written 

(8) 

Net delta

equivalent

(9) 

Exchange 

rate 

(10) 

 

2005 - Dec................... 2,518,979 2,488,836 1,261,003 1,201,118 424,565 340,191 428,856 489,730 2,921 0.8445 

2006 - Dec................... 2,908,461 2,899,018 1,471,459 1,427,573 651,970 693,889 508,842 587,473 -14,933 0.7578 

2007 - July................... 4,007,241 3,987,654 2,008,584 1,970,638 653,507 680,183 576,605 612,605 -2,108 0.7293 

Aug .................. 3,924,829 3,889,859 1,849,619 1,804,429 624,663 651,976 584,010 586,306 -2,883 0.7331 

Sept................. 3,955,184 3,917,424 1,984,769 1,953,872 645,472 654,971 559,351 577,244 -3,379 0.7033 

Oct................... 4,211,730 4,156,064 2,031,255 1,991,848 648,218 658,900 578,780 594,839 1,934 0.6912 

Nov .................. 4,695,167 4,651,424 1,976,694 1,952,169 667,478 669,233 589,421 591,722 1,923 0.6808 

Dec .................. 4,057,077 4,029,716 1,995,834 1,941,086 590,115 584,307 558,711 557,451 3,580 0.6848 

2008 - Jan ................... 4,507,929 4,438,088 1,903,183 1,880,082 594,741 574,110 574,188 587,291 10,179 0.6738 

Feb .................. 4,702,185 4,642,890 1,992,369 1,960,485 591,100 594,740 604,782 624,269 2,606 0.6585 

Mar .................. 4,242,145 4,202,857 2,026,042 1,971,843 590,344 587,194 593,820 625,854 7,609 0.6327 

Apr................... 4,480,698 4,386,596 1,805,029 1,783,161 610,838 603,295 593,853 645,204 4,393 0.6423 

May.................. 4,578,782 4,466,296 1,721,464 1,714,719 568,784 565,827 590,647 639,306 4,569 0.6427 

June................. 4,303,139 4,237,361 1,616,625 1,628,034 608,851 615,710 601,216 643,773 6,264 0.6350 

 

TABLE FCP-VI-3.—Quarterly Report of Large Market Participants 

[In millions of euros. Source: Office of International Monetary and Financial Policy] 

Spot, forward Options positions 

and future contracts 

Foreign currency 

denominated Calls Puts 

Report date 

Purchased 

(1) 

Sold 

(2) 

Assets 

(3) 

Liabilities

(4) 

Bought 

(5) 

Written 

(6) 

Bought 

(7) 

Written 

(8) 

Net delta

equivalent

(9) 

Exchange 

rate 

(10) 

 

2005 - Dec................... 117,211 137,716 198,507 129,312 11,011 7,622 7,232 6,209 -867 0.8445 

2006 - Mar................... 131,132 149,125 223,971 135,999 10,580 6,100 6,992 5,441 -1,532 0.8238 

June ................. 130,803 137,764 232,161 136,551 6,763 3,575 7,462 4,729 -934 0.7825 

Sept.................. 141,600 146,199 220,610 154,973 7,614 3,680 7,305 5,329 -2,956 0.7882 

Dec................... 126,039 132,907 207,774 150,191 8,664 2,967 7,494 4,987 -603 0.7578 

2007 - Mar................... 74,638 81,811 188,261 118,068 9,318 3,549 11,618 4,045 -611 0.7477 

June ................. 68,711 81,208 204,447 125,902 7,443 3,408 10,670 3,743 -1,051 0.7396 

Sept.................. 82,783 79,080 218,344 139,178 9,967 3,207 6,648 2,948 699 0.7033 

Dec................... 81,522 80,991 213,943 138,149 8,674 2,806 5,653 2,137 -1,362 0.6848 

2008 - Mar................... 94,611 87,464 226,998 157,369 8,362 5,988 8,821 7,976 1,039 0.6327 

 
September 2008 

98 

INTRODUCTION: Exchange Stabilization Fund

To stabilize the exchange value of the dollar, the 

Exchange Stabilization Fund (ESF) was established pursuant 

to chapter 6, section 10 of the Gold Reserve Act of January 

30, 1934 (codified at 31 United States Code 5302), which 

authorized establishment of a Treasury fund to be operated 

under the exclusive control of the Secretary, with approval 

of the President. 

Subsequent amendment of the Gold Reserve Act 

modified the original purpose somewhat to reflect 

termination of the fixed exchange rate system. 

Resources of the fund include dollar balances, partially 

invested in U.S. Government securities, special drawing

rights (SDRs), and balances of foreign currencies. Principal 

sources of income (+) or loss (-) for the fund are profits (+) 

or losses (-) on SDRs and foreign exchange, as well as 

interest earned on assets. 

• Table ESF-1 presents the assets, liabilities, and 

capital of the fund. The figures are in U.S. dollars or their 

equivalents based on current exchange rates computed 

according to the accrual method of accounting. The capital 

account represents the original capital appropriated to the fund 

by Congress of $2 billion, minus a subsequent transfer of $1.8 

billion to pay for the initial U.S. quota subscription to the 

International Monetary Fund. Gains and losses are reflected in 

the cumulative net income (+) or loss (-) account. 

• Table ESF-2 shows the results of operations by 

quarter. Figures are in U.S. dollars or their equivalents 

computed according to the accrual method. “Profit (+) or 

loss (-) on foreign exchange” includes realized profits or 

losses. “Adjustment for change in valuation of SDR holdings 

and allocations” reflects net gain or loss on revaluation of 

SDR holdings and allocations for the quarter. 

TABLE ESF-1.—Balances as of Dec. 31, 2007, and Mar. 31, 2008 

[In thousands of dollars. Source: Office of the Assistant Secretary of the Treasury for Management] 

 Assets, liabilities, and capital Dec. 31, 2007 

Jan. 1, 2008, 

through 

Mar. 31, 2008 Mar. 31, 2008 

Assets 

U.S. dollars: 

Held with Treasury: 

U.S. Government securities............................................. 16,602,805 95,737 16,698,542 

Special drawing rights 1 ........................................................... 9,476,425 415,593 9,892,018 

Foreign exchange and securities: 

European euro ..................................................................... 14,212,928 1,331,907 15,544,835 

Japanese yen....................................................................... 8,507,778 1,029,140 9,536,918 

Accounts receivable................................................................. 225,599 -9,345 216,254 

Total assets.......................................................................... 49,025,535 2,863,032 51,888,567 

Liabilities and capital 

Current liabilities: 

Accounts payable................................................................. 46,182 -8,186 37,996 

Total current liabilities ...................................................... 46,182 -8,186 37,996 

Other liabilities: 

SDR certificates ................................................................... 2,200,000 - 2,200,000 

SDR allocations ................................................................... 7,742,482 314,795 8,057,277 

Total other liabilities ......................................................... 9,942,482 314,795 10,257,277 

Capital: 

Capital account .................................................................... 200,000 - 200,000 

Net income (+) or loss (-) (see table ESF-2) ....................... 38,836,871 2,556,423 41,393,294 

Total capital...................................................................... 39,036,871 2,556,423 41,593,294 

Total liabilities and capital............................................ 49,025,535 2,863,032 51,888,567 

See footnote on the following page. 
 EXCHANGE STABILIZATION FUND 99 

September 2008 

TABLE ESF-2.—Income and Expense 

[In thousands of dollars. Source: Office of the Assistant Secretary of the Treasury for Management] 

Current quarter 

Jan. 1, 2008, 

through 

Mar. 31, 2008 

Fiscal year to date

Oct. 1, 2007, 

through 

Mar. 31, 2008 

Income and expense 

Profit (+) or loss (-) on: 

Foreign exchange ........................................................................ 2,200,354 2,816,035 

Adjustment for change in valuation 

 of SDR holdings and allocations 1 ........................................... 71,683 97,361 

Interest (+) or net charges (-) on: 

SDRs............................................................................................ 13,476 29,345 

U.S. Government securities......................................................... 109,686 290,482 

Foreign exchange ........................................................................ 161,224 314,128 

Commissions ............................................................................... - -

Income from operations............................................................... 2,556,423 3,547,351 

Net income (+) or loss (-)............................................................. 2,556,423 3,547,351 

1

 Beginning July 1974, the International Monetary Fund adopted a technique for valuing the 

SDRs based on a weighted average of exchange rates for the currencies of selected 

member countries. The U.S. SDR holdings and allocations are valued on this basis 

beginning July 1974. 

Note.— Annual balance sheets for fiscal years 1934 through 1940 appeared in the 1940 

“Annual Report of the Secretary of the Treasury” and those for succeeding years 

appeared in subsequent reports through 1980. Quarterly balance sheets beginning with 

December 31, 1938, have been published in the “Treasury Bulletin.” Data from inception 

to September 30, 1978, may be found on the statements published in the January 1979 

“Treasury Bulletin.” 
Trust Funds
TRUST FUNDS 

September 2008 

103

TABLE TF-6A.—Highway Trust Fund 

The following information is released according to the 

provisions of the Byrd Amendment [codified at 26 United 

States Code 9503(d)] and represents data concerning the 

Highway Trust Fund. The figure described as “unfunded 

authorizations” is the latest estimate received from the DOT 

for fiscal year 2008. 

The 48-month revenue estimates for the highway and 

mass transit accounts, respectively, include the latest 

estimates received from Treasury’s Office of Tax Analysis 

for excise taxes, net of refunds. They represent net highway 

receipts for those periods beginning at the close of fiscal 

year 2008. 

Highway Account 

[In billions of dollars. Source: DOT] 

Commitments (unobligated balances plus unpaid obligations, fiscal year 2009) .............................................................................................................. 79.1

less: 

Cash balance (fiscal year 2009) ......................................................................................................................................................................................... -3.1

Unfunded authorizations (fiscal year 2009)........................................................................................................................................................................ 82.2

48-month revenue estimate (fiscal years 2010, 2011, 2012, and 2013)............................................................................................................................ 137.8

Note.—Detail may not add to totals due to rounding. 

Mass Transit Account 

[In billions of dollars. Source: DOT] 

Commitments (unobligated balances plus unpaid obligations, fiscal year 2009) .............................................................................................................. 15.1

less: 

Cash balance (fiscal year 2009) ......................................................................................................................................................................................... 4.2

Unfunded authorizations (fiscal year 2009)........................................................................................................................................................................ 10.9

48-month revenue estimate (fiscal years 2010, 2011, 2012, and 2013)............................................................................................................................ 19.6
104 

September 2008 

Research Paper Series 

Available through the Office of the Assistant Secretary for Economic Policy 

9002. “Historical Trends in the U.S. Cost of Capital.” Robert Gillingham and John S. Greenlees. December 1990. 

9003. “The Effect of Marginal Tax Rates on Capital Gains Revenue: Another Look at the Evidence.” Robert Gillingham and 

John S. Greenlees. December 1990. 

9004. “An Econometric Model of Capital Gains Realization Behavior.” Robert Gillingham, John S. Greenlees, and Kimberly 

D. Zieschang. August 1990. 

9101. “The Impact of Government Deficits on Personal and National Saving Rates.” (Revised) Michael R. Darby, Robert 

Gillingham, and John S. Greenlees. February 1991. 

9102. “Social Security and the Public Debt.” James E. Duggan. October 1991. 

9201. “Issues in Eastern European Social Security Reform.” John C. Hambor. June 1992. 

9202. “Life-Health Insurance Markets.” John S. Greenlees and James E. Duggan. July 1992. 

9203. “Property-Casualty Insurance Markets.” Lucy Huffman and David Bernstein. August 1992. 

9301. “The Bank-Reported Data in the U.S. Balance of Payments: Basic Features and an Assessment of their Reliability.” 

Michael Cayton. February 1993. 

9302. “The Returns Paid to Early Social Security Cohorts.” James E. Duggan, Robert Gillingham, and John S. Greenlees. 

April 1993. 

9303. “Distributional Effects of Social Security: The Notch Issue Revisited.” James E. Duggan, Robert Gillingham, and John 

S. Greenlees. Revised April 1995. 

9501. “Progressive Returns to Social Security? An Answer from Social Security Records.” James E. Duggan, Robert 

Gillingham, and John S. Greenlees. November 1995. 

9701. “Housing Bias in the CPI and Its Effects on the Budget Deficit and Social Security Trust Fund.” James E. Duggan, 

Robert Gillingham, and John S. Greenlees. January 1997. 

9702. “An Improved Method for Estimating the Total Taxable Resources of the States.” Michael Compson and John 

Navratil. December 1997. 

2001-01. “Some Regulatory and Institutional Barriers to Congestion Pricing at Airports.” Edward Murphy and John D. 

Worth. May 2001. 

2001-02. “Actuarial Nonequivalence in Early and Delayed Social Security Benefit Claims.” James E. Duggan and 

Christopher J. Soares. June 2001.
RESEARCH PAPER SERIES 

September 2008 

105

2003-01. “Annuity Risk: Volatility and Inflation Exposure in Payments from Immediate Life Annuities.” Christopher J. 

Soares and Mark Warshawsky. January 2003. 

2005-01. “Possible Alternatives to the Medicare Trustees’ Long-Term Projections of Health Spending.” Jason D. Brown and 

Ralph M. Monaco. January 2005. 

2005-02. “The Long-Term Real Interest Rate for Social Security.” James A. Girola. March 2005. 

2006-01. “Implications of Returns on Treasury Inflation-Indexed Securities for Projections of the Long-Term Real Interest 

Rate.” James A. Girola. March 2006. 

2007-01. “Mortality and Lifetime Income Evidence from Social Security Records.” James E. Duggan, Robert Gillingham, 

and John S. Greenlees. December 2006. 

2007-02. “The Impact of Post-9/11 Visa Policies on Travel to the United States.” Brent Neiman and Phillip L. Swagel. 

June 2007. 

Copies may be obtained by writing to: 

Ann Bailey, Department of the Treasury 

1500 Pennsylvania Ave., NW., Room 4409 MT 

Washington, DC 20220 

Telephone (202) 622-1519 or fax (202) 622-4112
September 2008 

106

Glossary 

With References to Applicable Sections and Tables 

Source: Financial Management Service 

Amounts outstanding and in circulation (USCC)—Includes 

all issues by the Bureau of the Mint purposely intended as a 

medium of exchange. Coins sold by the Bureau of the Mint at 

premium prices are excluded; however, uncirculated coin sets 

sold at face value plus handling charge are included. 

Average discount rate (PDO-1, -2)—In Treasury bill auctions, 

purchasers tender competitive bids on a discount rate basis. 

The average discount rate is the weighted, or adjusted, 

average of all bids accepted in the auction. 

Budget authority (“Federal Fiscal Operations”)—Congress 

passes laws giving budget authority to Government entities, 

which gives the agencies the power to spend Federal funds. 

Congress can stipulate various criteria for the spending of 

these funds. For example, Congress can stipulate that a given 

agency must spend within a specific year, number of years, or 

any time in the future. 

The basic forms of budget authority are appropriations, 

authority to borrow, contract authority, and authority to 

obligate and expend offsetting receipts and collections. The 

period of time during which Congress makes funds available 

may be specified as 1-year, multiple-year, or no-year. The 

available amount may be classified as either definite or 

indefinite; a specific amount or an unspecified amount can 

be made available. Authority also may be classified as 

current or permanent. Permanent authority requires no 

current action by Congress. 

Budget deficit—The total, cumulative amount by which 

budget outlays (spending) exceed budget receipts (income). 

Cash management bills (PDO-1)—Marketable Treasury 

bills of irregular maturity lengths, sold periodically to fund 

short-term cash needs of Treasury. Their sale, having higher 

minimum and multiple purchase requirements than those of 

other issues, is generally restricted to competitive bidders. 

Competitive tenders (“Treasury Financing Operations”)—

A bid to purchase a stated amount of one issue of Treasury 

securities at a specified yield or discount. The bid is accepted 

if it is within the range accepted in the auction. (See 

Noncompetitive tenders.) 

Currency no longer issued (USCC)—Old and new series 

gold and silver certificates, Federal Reserve notes, national 

bank notes, and 1890 Series Treasury notes. 

 Debt outstanding subject to limitation (FD-6)—The debt 

incurred by the Treasury subject to the statutory limit set by 

Congress. Until World War I, a specific amount of debt was 

authorized to each separate security issue. Beginning with the 

Second Liberty Loan Act of 1917, the nature of the limitation 

was modified until, in 1941, it developed into an overall limit 

on the outstanding Federal debt. As of June 2008, the debt 

limit was $9,815,000 million; the limit may change from year 

to year. 

The debt subject to limitation includes most of 

Treasury’s public debt except securities issued to the Federal 

Financing Bank, upon which there is a limitation of $15 

billion, and certain categories of older debt (totaling 

approximately $595 million as of February 1991). 

Discount—The interest deducted in advance when purchasing 

notes or bonds. (See Accrued discount.) 

Discount rate (PDO-1)—The difference between par value 

and the actual purchase price paid, annualized over a 360-day 

year. Because this rate is less than the actual yield (couponequivalent rate), the yield should be used in any comparison 

with coupon issue securities. 

Dollar coins (USCC)—Include standard silver and nonsilver 

coins. 

Domestic series (FD-2)—Nonmarketable, interest- and noninterest-bearing securities issued periodically by Treasury to 

the Resolution Funding Corporation (RFC) for investment of 

funds authorized under section 21B of the Federal Home Loan 

Bank Act (12 United States Code 1441b). 

Federal intrafund transactions (“Federal Fiscal Operations”)—Intrabudgetary transactions in which payments and 

receipts both occur within the same Federal fund group 

(Federal funds or trust funds). 

Federal Reserve notes (USCC)—Issues by the U.S. 

Government to the public through the Federal Reserve banks 

and their member banks. They represent money owed by the 

Government to the public. Currently, the item “Federal 

Reserve notes—amounts outstanding” consists of new series 

issues. The Federal Reserve note is the only class of currency 

currently issued. 

Foreign (“Foreign Currency Positions,” IFS-2, -3)—

Locations other than those included under the definition of the 

United States. (See United States.) 

Foreigner (“Capital Movements,” IFS-2)—All institutions 

and individuals living outside the United States, including 

U.S. citizens living abroad, and branches, subsidiaries, and 

other affiliates abroad of U.S. banks and business concerns; 

central governments, central banks, and other official 

institutions of countries other than the United States; and 
GLOSSARY 

September 2008 

107

international and regional organizations, wherever located. 

Also refers to persons in the United States to the extent that 

they are known by reporting institutions to be acting for 

foreigners. 

Foreign official institutions (“Capital Movements”)—

Includes central governments of foreign countries, including 

all departments and agencies of national governments; central 

banks, exchange authorities, and all fiscal agents of foreign 

national governments that undertake activities similar to those 

of a treasury, central bank, or stabilization fund; diplomatic 

and consular establishments of foreign national governments; 

and any international or regional organization, including 

subordinate and affiliate agencies, created by treaty or 

convention between sovereign states. 

Foreign public borrower (“Capital Movements”)—Includes 

foreign official institutions, as defined above, the corporations 

and agencies of foreign central governments, including 

development banks and institutions, and other agencies that 

are majority-owned by the central government or its 

departments; and state provincial and local governments of 

foreign countries and their departments and agencies. 

Foreign-targeted issue (PDO-2)—Foreign-targeted issues 

were notes sold between October 1984 and February 1986 to 

foreign institutions, foreign branches of U.S. institutions, 

foreign central banks or monetary authorities, or to 

international organizations in which the United States held 

membership. Sold as companion issues, they could be 

converted to domestic (normal) Treasury notes with the same 

maturity and interest rates. Interest was paid annually. 

Fractional coins (USCC)—Coins minted in denominations 

of 50, 25, and 10 cents, and minor coins (5 cents and 1 cent). 

Government account series (FD-2)—Certain trust fund 

statutes require the Secretary of the Treasury to apply monies 

held by these funds toward the issuance of nonmarketable 

special securities. These securities are sold directly by 

Treasury to a specific Government agency, trust fund, or 

account. Their rate is based on an average of market yields on 

outstanding Treasury obligations, and they may be redeemed 

at the option of the holder. Roughly 80 percent of these are 

issued to five holders: the Federal Old-Age and Survivors 

Insurance Trust Fund; the civil service retirement and 

disability fund; the Federal Hospital Insurance Trust Fund; the 

military retirement fund; and the Unemployment Trust Fund. 

Interfund transactions (“Federal Fiscal Operations”)—

Transactions in which payments are made from one fund 

group (either Federal funds or trust funds) to a receipt account 

in another group. 

International Monetary Fund (“Exchange Stabilization 

Fund,” IFS-1)—(IMF) Established by the United Nations, 

the IMF promotes international trade, stability of exchange, 

and monetary cooperation. Members are allowed to draw 

from the fund. 

Intrabudgetary transactions (“Federal Fiscal Operations”)—

These occur when payment and receipt both occur within the 

budget, or when payment is made from off-budget Federal 

entities whose budget authority and outlays are excluded from 

the budget totals. 

Noncompetitive tenders (“Treasury Financing Operations”)—This is a tender or bid to purchase a stated par 

amount of securities at the highest yield or discount rate 

awarded to competitive bidders for a single-price auction. 

Obligations (“Federal Fiscal Operations”)—An unpaid 

commitment to acquire goods or services. 

Off-budget Federal entities (“Federal Fiscal Operations”)—

Federally owned and controlled entities whose transactions are 

excluded from the budget totals under provisions of law. Their 

receipts, outlays, and surplus or deficit are not included in 

budget receipts, outlays, or deficits. Their budget authority is 

not included in totals of the budget. 

Outlays (“Federal Fiscal Operations”)—Payments on 

obligations in the form of cash, checks, the issuance of bonds 

or notes, or the maturing of interest coupons. 

Own foreign offices (“Capital Movements”)—Refers to 

U.S. reporting institutions’ parent organizations, branches 

and/or majority-owned subsidiaries located outside the United 

States. 

Par value—The face value of bonds or notes, including 

interest. 

Quarterly financing (“Treasury Financing Operations”)—

Treasury has historically offered packages of several 

“coupon” security issues on the 15th of February, May, 

August, and November, or on the next working day. These 

issues currently consist of a 3-year note, a 10-year note, and a 

30-year bond. Treasury sometimes offers additional amounts 

of outstanding long-term notes or bonds, rather than selling 

new security issues. (See Reopening.) 

Receipts (“Federal Fiscal Operations”)—Funds collected 

from selling land, capital, or services, as well as collections 

from the public (budget receipts), such as taxes, fines, duties, 

and fees. 

Reopening (PDO-2)—The offer for sale of additional 

amounts of outstanding issues, rather than an entirely new 

issue. A reopened issue will always have the same maturity 

date, CUSIP-number, and interest rate as the original issue. 

Special drawing rights (“Exchange Stabilization Fund,” 

IFS-1)—International assets created by IMF that serve to 

increase international liquidity and provide additional 

international reserves. SDRs may be purchased and sold 

among eligible holders through IMF. (See IMF.) 

SDR allocations are the counterpart to SDRs issued by 

IMF based on members’ quotas in IMF. Although shown in 

Exchange Stabilization Fund (ESF) statements as liabilities, 
GLOSSARY 

September 2008 

108

they must be redeemed by ESF only in the event of 

liquidation of, or U.S. withdrawal from, the SDR department 

of IMF or cancellation of SDRs. 

SDR certificates are issued to the Federal Reserve 

System against SDRs when SDRs are legalized as money. 

Proceeds of monetization are deposited into an ESF account 

at the Federal Reserve Bank of New York. 

Spot (“Foreign Currency Positions”)—Due for receipt or 

delivery within 2 workdays. 

State and local government series (SLGS) (FD-2)—Special 

nonmarketable certificates, notes, and bonds offered to State 

and local governments as a means to invest proceeds from 

their own tax-exempt financing. Interest rates and maturities 

comply with IRS arbitrage provisions. SLGS are offered in 

both time deposit and demand deposit forms. Time deposit 

certificates have maturities of up to 1 year. Notes mature in 1 

to 10 years and bonds mature in more than 10 years. Demand 

deposit securities are 1-day certificates rolled over with a rate 

adjustment daily. 

Statutory debt limit (FD-6)—By Act of Congress there is a 

limit, either temporary or permanent, on the amount of public 

debt that may be outstanding. When this limit is reached, 

Treasury may not sell new debt issues until Congress 

increases or extends the limit. For a detailed listing of changes 

in the limit since 1941, see the Budget of the United States 

Government. (See debt outstanding subject to limitation.) 

STRIPS (PDO-2)—Separate Trading of Registered Interest 

and Principal Securities. Long-term notes and bonds may be 

divided into principal and interest-paying components, which 

may be transferred and sold in amounts as small as $1,000. 

STRIPS are sold at auction at a minimum par amount, varying 

for each issue. The amount is an arithmetic function of the 

issue’s interest rate. 

Treasury bills—The shortest term Federal security (maturity 

dates normally varying from 3 to 12 months), are sold at a 

discount. 

Trust fund transaction (“Federal Fiscal Operations”)—

An intrabudgetary transaction in which both payments and 

receipts occur within the same trust fund group. 

United States—Includes the 50 States, District of Columbia, 

Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, American Samoa, Midway 

Island, Virgin Islands, Wake Island, and all other territories 

and possessions. 

U.S. notes (USCC)—Legal tender notes of five different 

issues: 1862 ($5-$1,000 notes); 1862 ($1-$2 notes); 1863 ($5-

$1,000 notes); 1863 ($1-$10,000 notes); and 1901 ($10 notes).