BULLETIN

MARCH2020

FEATURES

Department of the Treasury

Bureau of the Fiscal Service

Profile of the Economy

Financial Operations

International Statistics

Special Reports

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March 2020 

Table of Contents 

FINANCIAL OPERATIONS 

PROFILE OF THE ECONOMY 

Analysis—Summary of Economic Indicators ........................................................................................................................ 3

FEDERAL FISCAL OPERATIONS 

Introduction—Federal Fiscal Operations ............................................................................................................................... 8 

Analysis—Budget Results and Financing of the U.S. Government and Fourth-Quarter Receipts by Source ....................... 9 

FFO-A—Chart: Monthly Receipts and Outlays ................................................................................................................. 11 

FFO-B—Chart: Budget Receipts by Source ........................................................................................................................ 11 

FFO-1—Summary of Fiscal Operations .............................................................................................................................. 12 

FFO-2—On-Budget and Off-Budget Receipts by Source ................................................................................................... 13 

FFO-3—On-Budget and Off-Budget Outlays by Agency ................................................................................................... 15 

FFO-4—Summary of U.S. Government Receipts by Source and Outlays by Agency ........................................................ 17

FEDERAL DEBT 

Introduction—Federal Debt ................................................................................................................................................. 18 

FD-1—Summary of Federal Debt ....................................................................................................................................... 19 

FD-2—Debt Held by the Public .......................................................................................................................................... 20 

FD-3—Government Account Series .................................................................................................................................... 21 

FD-4—Interest-Bearing Securities Issued by Government Agencies .................................................................................. 22 

FD-5—Maturity Distribution and Average Length of Marketable Interest-Bearing Public Debt Held by 

 Private Investors .................................................................................................................................................... 23 

FD-6—Debt Subject to Statutory Limit ............................................................................................................................... 24 

FD-7—Treasury Holdings of Securities Issued by Government Corporations and Other Agencies ................................... 25

BUREAU OF THE FISCAL SERVICE OPERATIONS 

Introduction—Bureau of the Fiscal Service Operations ...................................................................................................... 27 

TREASURY FINANCING ................................................................................................................................................. 27 

PDO-1—Offerings of Regular Weekly Treasury Bills ........................................................................................................ 36 

PDO-2—Offerings of Marketable Securities Other than Regular Weekly Treasury Bills .................................................. 37 

OWNERSHIP OF FEDERAL SECURITIES 

Introduction—Ownership of Federal Securities .................................................................................................................. 38 

OFS-1—Distribution of Federal Securities by Class of Investors and Type of Issues ........................................................ 39 

OFS-2—Estimated Ownership of U.S. Treasury Securities ................................................................................................ 40

U.S. CURRENCY AND COIN OUTSTANDING AND IN CIRCULATION

Introduction—U.S. Currency and Coin Outstanding and in Circulation ............................................................................. 41 

USCC-1—Amounts Outstanding and in Circulation; Currency, Coins ............................................................................... 41 

USCC-2—Amounts Outstanding and in Circulation; by Denomination, Per Capita Comparative Totals .......................... 42

INTERNATIONAL STATISTICS 

FOREIGN CURRENCY POSITIONS 

Introduction—Foreign Currency Positions .......................................................................................................................... 45 
March 2020 

IV

Table of Contents 

SECTION I—Canadian Dollar Positions 

FCP-I-1—Weekly Report of Major Market Participants ..................................................................................................... 46 

FCP-I-2—Monthly Report of Major Market Participants ................................................................................................... 47 

FCP-I-3—Quarterly Report of Large Market Participants .................................................................................................. 47 

SECTION II—Japanese Yen Positions 

FCP-II-1—Weekly Report of Major Market Participants ................................................................................................... 48 

FCP-II-2—Monthly Report of Major Market Participants .................................................................................................. 49 

FCP-II-3—Quarterly Report of Large Market Participants ................................................................................................. 49 

SECTION III—Swiss Franc Positions 

FCP-III-1—Weekly Report of Major Market Participants .................................................................................................. 50 

FCP-III-2—Monthly Report of Major Market Participants ................................................................................................. 51 

FCP-III-3—Quarterly Report of Large Market Participants ................................................................................................ 51 

SECTION IV—Sterling Positions 

FCP-IV-1—Weekly Report of Major Market Participants .................................................................................................. 52 

FCP-IV-2—Monthly Report of Major Market Participants ................................................................................................. 53 

FCP-IV-3—Quarterly Report of Large Market Participants ................................................................................................ 53 

SECTION V—U.S. Dollar Positions 

FCP-V-1—Weekly Report of Major Market Participants ................................................................................................... 54 

FCP-V-2—Monthly Report of Major Market Participants .................................................................................................. 55 

FCP-V-3—Quarterly Report of Large Market Participants ................................................................................................. 55 

SECTION VI—Euro Positions 

FCP-VI-1—Weekly Report of Major Market Participants .................................................................................................. 56 

FCP-VI-2—Monthly Report of Major Market Participants ................................................................................................. 57 

FCP-VI-3—Quarterly Report of Large Market Participants ................................................................................................ 57 

EXCHANGE STABILIZATION FUND 

Introduction—Exchange Stabilization Fund ........................................................................................................................ 58 

ESF-1—Balance Sheet ........................................................................................................................................................ 58 

ESF-2—Income and Expense .............................................................................................................................................. 59

SPECIAL REPORTS 

FINANCIAL REPORT OF THE UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT, EXCERPT 

Introduction—Financial Report Excerpt .............................................................................................................................. 63 

Financial Report Excerpt ..................................................................................................................................................... 64 

TRUST FUNDS 

Introduction—Airport and Airway Trust Fund .................................................................................................................... 84 

TF-1—Airport and Airway Trust Fund ............................................................................................................................... 85 

Introduction—Uranium Enrichment Decontamination and Decommissioning Fund .......................................................... 86 

TF-2—Uranium Enrichment Decontamination and Decommissioning Fund...................................................................... 87 

Introduction—Black Lung Disability Trust Fund ................................................................................................................ 88 

TF-3—Black Lung Disability Trust Fund ........................................................................................................................... 89 

Introduction—Harbor Maintenance Trust Fund .................................................................................................................. 90 

TF-4—Harbor Maintenance Trust Fund .............................................................................................................................. 91 

Introduction—Hazardous Substance Superfund .................................................................................................................. 92 

TF-5—Hazardous Substance Superfund .............................................................................................................................. 93 
March 2020 

V

Table of Contents 

Introduction—Highway Trust Fund .................................................................................................................................... 95 

TF-6—Highway Trust Fund ................................................................................................................................................ 96 

TF-6A—Highway Trust Fund; Highway Account, Mass Transit Account ......................................................................... 98 

Introduction—Inland Waterways Trust Fund ...................................................................................................................... 99 

TF-7—Inland Waterways Trust Fund .................................................................................................................................. 99 

Introduction—Leaking Underground Storage Tank Trust Fund ........................................................................................ 100 

TF-8—Leaking Underground Storage Tank Trust Fund ................................................................................................... 101 

Introduction—Nuclear Waste Fund ................................................................................................................................... 102 

TF-9—Nuclear Waste Fund ............................................................................................................................................... 102 

TF-A—Chart: Major Trust Funds, Interest on Investments ............................................................................................... 103 

TF-B—Chart: Major Trust Funds, Receipts and Expenses................................................................................................ 103 

Introduction—Reforestation Trust Fund ............................................................................................................................ 104 

TF-10—Reforestation Trust Fund ..................................................................................................................................... 104 

Introduction— Sport Fish Restoration and Boating Safety Trust Fund ............................................................................. 105 

TF-11—Sport Fish Restoration and Boating Safety Trust Fund ........................................................................................ 106 

Introduction—Oil Spill Liability Trust Fund ..................................................................................................................... 107 

TF-12—Oil Spill Liability Trust Fund .............................................................................................................................. 108 

Introduction—Vaccine Injury Compensation Trust Fund ................................................................................................. 109 

TF-13—Vaccine Injury Compensation Trust Fund ........................................................................................................... 109 

Introduction—Wool Research, Development, and Promotion Trust Fund ........................................................................ 110 

TF-14—Wool Research, Development, and Promotion Trust Fund ................................................................................. 111 

Introduction— Agriculture Disaster Relief Trust Fund ..................................................................................................... 112 

TF-15—Agricultural Disaster Relief Trust Fund ............................................................................................................... 112 

Introduction—Patient Centered Outcomes Research Trust Fund ...................................................................................... 114 

TF-16—Patient Centered Outcomes Research Trust Fund ................................................................................................ 114 

Introduction— United States Victims of State Sponsored Terrorism Fund ....................................................................... 116 

TF-17—United States Victims of State Sponsored Terrorism Fund ................................................................................. 117 

GLOSSARY ...................................................................................................................................................................... 118

ORDER FORM FOR TREASURY PUBLICATIONS ............................................................................... Inside back cover

NOTES: Definitions for words shown in italics can be found in the glossary; Detail may not add to totals due to rounding;

n.a. = Not available.
VI 

March 2020

Nonquarterly Tables and Reports 

For the convenience of the “Treasury Bulletin” user, nonquarterly tables and reports 

are listed below along with the issues in which they appear. 

Issues 

March June Sept. Dec. 

Federal Fiscal Operations 

FFO-5.—Internal Revenue Receipts by State ........................................................... √

FFO-6.—Customs and Border Protection Collection of Duties, Taxes and Fees 

by Districts and Ports ............................................................................... √

Special Reports 

Financial Report of the United States Government excerpt ...................................... √

Trust Fund Reports:

Agriculture Disaster Relief Trust Fund ............................................................. √

Airport and Airway Trust Fund ........................................................................ √

Black Lung Disability Trust Fund .................................................................... √

Harbor Maintenance Trust Fund ....................................................................... √

Hazardous Substance Superfund ....................................................................... √

Highway Trust Fund ......................................................................................... √

Inland Waterways Trust Fund ........................................................................... √

Leaking Underground Storage Tank Trust Fund .............................................. √

Nuclear Waste Fund .......................................................................................... √

Oil Spill Liability Trust Fund ........................................................................... √

Patient Centered Outcomes Research Trust Fund ............................................. √

Reforestation Trust Fund .................................................................................. √

Sport Fish Restoration and Boating Trust Fund ................................................ √

United States Victims of State Sponsored Terrorism Fund .............................. √

Uranium Enrichment Decontamination and Decommissioning Fund ............... √

Vaccine Injury Compensation Trust Fund ........................................................ √

Wool Research, Development, and Promotion Trust Fund ............................... √
OPERATIONS

Profile of theEconomy

FederalFiscalOperations

Account of theU.S.Treasury

FederalDebt

Fiscal Service Operations

OwnershipofFederalSecurities

U.S. Currency andCoinOutstanding

andinCirculation
March 2020 

3

Profile of the Economy 

 [Source: Office of Macroeconomic Analysis] 

As of February 17, 2020 

Introduction 

U.S. economic growth maintained its momentum through 

the end of 2019 and into early 2020, despite a number of 

headwinds, bringing the record-long recovery into 128th

month as of February 2020. The economy continues to 

perform well with solid job creation, an unemployment rate 

near a 50-year low, faster growth in nominal and real wages, 

modest inflationary pressures, elevated business and 

consumer sentiment, and consolidating gains in the housing 

sector. According to the advance estimate, real GDP grew 2.1 

percent at an annual rate in the fourth quarter, matching the 

pace in the third quarter. Growth over the four quarters of 

2019 was 2.3 percent, only marginally slower than 2018’s 2.5 

percent pace. As of early February, private forecasters 

predicted that growth on a Q4-over-Q4 basis would be 1.9 

percent in 2020, and 1.9 percent in 2021. However, the 

Administration foresees growth nearing 3 percent in the 

next few years, as the enactment of its pro-growth policies, 

combined with the fading of temporary headwinds lead to 

renewed business investment and stronger productivity 

growth. 

Economic Growth 

Real GDP increased by 2.1 percent at an annual rate in the 

fourth quarter, according the advance estimate, following an 

identical pace of growth in the third quarter. Over the four 

quarters through 2019 Q4, the economy expanded by 2.3 

percent, slowing only marginally from the 2.5 percent pace 

over the previous year. The economy demonstrated 

significant resilience during 2019, in the face of such 

headwinds as slowing global growth, a labor dispute at 

General Motors, and the grounding of the Boeing 737 MAX 

aircraft. Notably, the Council of Economic Advisors 

estimates that growth over the four quarters of 2019 would 

have been about 0.2 percentage points higher but for the 

production cuts at Boeing. Growth of private domestic final 

purchases – the sum of personal consumption, business fixed 

investment, and residential investment – decelerated to 1.4 

percent during the fourth quarter from 2.3 percent in the third 

quarter, being hindered by slower growth in personal 

consumption expenditures. 

Real consumer spending slowed to 1.8 percent in the fourth 

quarter, after rising 3.2 percent in the third quarter and surging 

4.6 percent in the second quarter. Purchases of services and 

durable goods drove fourth quarter growth in real 

consumption, rising 2.0 percent and 2.1 percent, respectively. 

Yet consumption of nondurable goods increased only 

0.8 percent in the fourth quarter. On balance, real personal 

Growth of Real GDP

 (Quarterly percent change at annual rate) 

consumption expenditures in Q4 added 1.2 percentage points 

to growth, making the second-largest contribution of any 

component of GDP. 

Although business fixed investment again constrained 

GDP growth, it posed only a modest drag in the fourth quarter, 

subtracting 0.2 percentage point from real GDP. Total 

business fixed investment declined 1.5 percent in the fourth 

quarter, less than the 2.3 percent decrease in the previous 

quarter. Equipment investment was down 2.9 percent, also 

tapering a bit from the third quarter’s 3.8 percent decline. 

Spending on structures fell 10.1 percent, about in line with 

declines in the previous two quarters. Lower structures 

investment was broadly based – from decreased investment in 

oil and gas drilling rigs to fewer expenditures on commercial 

and health care structures. In contrast to equipment and 

structures investment, expenditure on intellectual property 

products, considered key to innovation and future economic 

growth, has been consistently solid for the past several 

quarters. This category of business investment even 

accelerated in the final quarter of 2019, picking up to 5.9 

percent after gaining 4.7 percent in the third quarter. 

Notably, the change in private inventories posed the 

largest drag on economic growth in the fourth quarter, 

subtracting 1.1 percentage points. Albeit a volatile 

component, the sharp decline in private inventory investment 

in the fourth quarter was largely due to a significant decrease 

in inventories at motor vehicle dealers, reflecting in part 
4 PROFILE OF THE ECONOMY 

March 2020 

retailers’ inability to replace inventories during the labor 

strike at General Motors from mid-September to late October. 

After several quarters of retrenchment, residential 

investment activity improved in the second half of 2019, 

making small positive contributions to real GDP growth. In 

the fourth quarter, residential investment advanced 5.8 

percent – extending the 4.6 percent gain in the third quarter – 

and added 0.2 percentage point to GDP growth. The 

stabilization and improvement in the housing sector has been 

widespread. Existing home sales, which account for 90 

percent of all home sales, rose to a near two-year high in 

December and were almost 11 percent higher over the past 

year. New single-family home sales rose to a 12-year high 

last September and, after retracing a bit, were 23 percent 

higher on the year through December. Strong sales growth 

has weighed on inventories of homes available for sale, which 

remain at relatively low levels. However, new construction is 

rising and builders are confident in the sector’s outlook: total 

housing starts surged by almost 17 percent in December, and 

the National Association of Home Builders’ Home Builder 

Confidence Index rose in December to its highest level since 

June 1999, before edging down one point in January. 

Moreover, house affordability continued to improve in 2019, 

with 12-month home price growth rates slowing significantly, 

and mortgage rates easing to about 11⁄4 percentage point below 

levels in mid-November 2018. 

Total government spending rose 2.7 percent at an annual 

rate in the fourth quarter, accelerating from the 1.7 percent 

pace in the third quarter. Federal outlays rose 3.6 percent in 

the fourth quarter, picking up from a 3.3 percent increase in 

the third quarter. State and local government spending has 

been growing more consistently since the end of 2017 and 

accelerated to 2.2 percent in the fourth quarter, after 

advancing 0.7 percent in the third quarter. Altogether, 

government spending added 0.5 percentage point to real GDP 

growth in the fourth quarter. 

The U.S. trade deficit narrowed significantly in the fourth 

quarter of 2019, as export growth accelerated for the second 

consecutive quarter and import growth turned sharply 

negative. Thus, after posing a drag on growth in the second 

and third quarters, net exports made the largest contribution 

of any component of GDP, adding 1.5 percentage points to 

real economic growth in the fourth quarter. 

Labor Markets and Wages 

The unemployment rate has remained at or near a halfcentury low since September 2019. In December 2019, the 

unemployment rate stood at 3.5 percent, the lowest rate since 

December 1969, then edged up to 3.6 percent in January 2020, 

entirely due to rising labor force participation. The Tax Cuts 

and Jobs Act (TCJA) continues to help draw workers back 

into the labor force, and in numbers that have helped offset 

the downward pressure on participation from the aging 

population. In January, the overall labor force participation 

rate (LFPR) rose to 63.4 percent, its highest level since June 

2013, and the prime-age LFPR increased to 83.1 percent, its 

highest level since September 2008. 

Broader measures of unemployment have also continued 

to improve in recent labor reports. The most comprehensive 

measure of labor market slack, the U-6 unemployment rate, 

which includes those marginally attached to the labor force 

and those working part-time for economic reasons, declined 

to a series low of 6.7 percent in December before edging up 

to 6.9 percent in January. The unemployment rate of those 

unemployed for 27 weeks or more, as a share of the 

unemployed, fell to an 11-year low of 19.2 percent last July, 

before rising modestly to 19.9 percent in January 2020. 

Meanwhile, job creation has continued at a solid pace. In 

2019, the economy added an average 175,000 payroll jobs per 

month, a slower pace than the 193,000 monthly average in 

2018 but more than sufficient to absorb new entrants into the 

labor force and maintain a stable unemployment rate. In 

January 2020, the economy added 225,000 payroll jobs, 

among the strongest monthly gains in a year. 

Rapid wage gains have been a consistent feature of the 

economy for the past 18 months. Private-sector production 

and nonsupervisory workers have seen wage increases at or 

above 3.0 percent for the past year and a half, and during the 

most recent 12 months, gains have accelerated to a range of 

3.2 percent to 3.8 percent. Over the 12 months through 

January, nominal wages for these workers grew 3.3 percent, 

in line with the 3.4 percent pace a year earlier. Using the 

CPI-W to deflate the nominal rate, real average hourly 

earnings for private production and nonsupervisory workers 

grew 1.0 percent over the year through December 2019 (latest 

data available), slowing from the 1.6 percent advance over the 

previous 12-month period, but markedly faster than the 0.3 

percent rise two years earlier. 

Payroll Employment 

(Average monthly change in thousands between quarters) 
PROFILE OF THE ECONOMY 5 

March 2020 

Unemployment Rate 

(Percent) 

Nonfarm Productivity of Labor

For the past thirteen quarters, four-quarter nonfarm labor 

productivity growth rates have remained above 1 percent, a 

consistency not seen since 2004. Over the four quarters 

through 2019 Q4, productivity growth rose by 1.8 percent, 

matching Q2 for the fastest four-quarter advance since 2015 

Q1. Productivity rose by 1.4 percent at an annual rate in the 

fourth quarter, reflecting a 2.5 percent increase in output and 

a 1.1 percent rise in worker hours. This followed a decline in 

third quarter productivity of 0.2 percent at an annual rate, as 

a 2.3 percent increase in output was more than offset by an 

unusually sharp rise in worker hours of 2.5 percent. The third 

quarter’s rise in hours worked partly reflected unusual 

increases in the hours of nonfarm non-employees, a volatile 

sub-component of worker hours; notably, self-employed 

hours rose 5.8 percent in the third quarter, but declined 0.4 

percent in the fourth quarter. 

Hourly compensation costs in the nonfarm business sector 

rose 2.8 percent at an annual rate in the fourth quarter, 

accelerating from the third quarter’s 2.3 percent pace. Over 

the most recent four quarters, hourly compensation costs rose 

4.2 percent, the fastest four-quarter advance since 2012 Q4. 

Unit labor costs, defined as the average cost of labor per unit 

of output, rose 1.4 percent at an annual rate in the fourth 

quarter, following a 2.5 percent increase in the third quarter. 

These costs were up 2.4 percent over the latest four quarters, 

the fastest increase since 2018 Q1. 

Another measure, the Employment Cost Index (ECI), 

provides perspective on growth of the main components of 

compensation. Private wages and salaries grew by 3.0 percent 

over the 12 months through December 2019; growth of this 

measure has remained at or above the 3.0 percent mark for six 

consecutive quarters, a first since 2007. 

Industrial Production, Manufacturing and 

Services 

A variety of measures of industrial production, 

manufacturing, and services output trended lower in 2019 

after reaching multi-year highs the previous year. 

Industrial output at factories, mines, and utilities declined 

0.5 percent at an annual rate in the fourth quarter of 2019, 

partially offsetting a 1.2 percent advance in the third quarter. 

Over the 12 months ending in December, output was down 

1.0 percent. 

Manufacturing production, which accounts for about 75 

percent of all industrial output, declined 1.0 percent at an 

annual rate in the fourth quarter of 2019, following a 0.8 

percent advance in the third quarter. The fourth quarter was 

noteworthy for continued strength in the output of selected 

high-technology industries (up 7.5 percent) as well as 

aerospace and other transportation equipment (up 6.6 

percent), but also for a 14.0 percent plunge in the production 

of motor vehicles and parts. The decline in auto production 

resulted, at least in part, from the UAW strike at General 

Motors in September and October. Manufacturing output was 

down 1.3 percent over the 12 months through December. 

Excluding motor vehicles and parts and high-technology 

industries, manufacturing edged down 0.1 percent at an 

annual rate during the fourth quarter and was down 1.0 

percent over the year through December. 

Output at mines, which includes crude oil and natural gas 

extraction and accounts for 15 percent of industrial output, 

rose 1.9 percent at an annual rate in the fourth quarter of 2019, 

following a 2.0 percent decline in the third quarter. Over the 

12 months through December, mining output rose 1.4 percent. 

Utilities output, the remaining 10 percent of total 

industrial output, edged down 0.3 percent at an annual rate in 

the fourth quarter, after jumping 8.8 percent in the third 

quarter. Weather is usually a factor contributing to swings in 

this sector; unseasonable weather in quarters often causes 

sharp swings in output from one period to the next. Over the 

12 months through December, utilities production decreased 

1.9 percent. 

Other measures of manufacturing and services production 

in the economy have declined noticeably from 2018’s multiyear highs. In 2018, the Institute of Supply Management’s 

(ISM) manufacturing index averaged 58.8, but in 2019, the 

average declined to 51.2. For five consecutive months 

towards the end of 2019, the index remained below the 50-

point growth threshold – the first multi-month contraction 

signal for the manufacturing sector since early 2016. In 

January 2020, however, the ISM manufacturing index rose 

3.1 points to 50.9, again signaling modest growth. In the 

service sector, the ISM’s non-manufacturing index averaged 

59.0 points in 2018, and the average edged down to 55.5 in 

2019. In January 2020, the non-manufacturing index rose 0.6 

point to 55.5, pointing to continued expansion in business 

service activity at a pace in line with the 2019 average, albeit 

slower than that in 2018. 
6 PROFILE OF THE ECONOMY 

March 2020 

Prices 

For much of 2019, headline consumer price inflation 

decelerated, reflecting decreasing energy prices, but towards 

the end of that year, some measures of inflation picked up as 

energy prices began to recover. Despite this acceleration, 

inflation remains relatively moderate: over the 12 months 

through December 2019, the Consumer Price Index (CPI) for 

all items rose 2.3 percent, above the 1.9 percent pace a year 

earlier. After seven consecutive months of year-over-year 

declines, energy prices rose 3.4 percent over the 12 months 

through December 2019, a noticeable reversal from the 0.3 

percent decline over the previous year. Food price inflation 

picked up modestly, rising 1.8 percent over the year through 

December 2019, compared with the 1.6 percent, year-earlier 

advance. In contrast, core inflation, which excludes food and 

energy, was relatively steady for much of 2019. Core CPI 

was 2.3 percent over the year through December 2019, a touch 

faster than the 2.2 percent pace of a year earlier. Another 

measure, the headline Personal Consumption Expenditures 

Price Index (PCEPI, the preferred measure for the FOMC’s 2 

percent inflation target) has held below the target since 

November 2018. The 12-month headline PCEPI slowed to 

1.6 percent over the 12 months through December 2019, from 

1.8 percent over the year through December 2018. Core 

PCEPI was also 1.6 percent over the year through December 

2019, decelerating from the 2.0 percent pace over the yearearlier period. 

In the housing sector, 12-month measures of house prices 

slowed to multi-year lows but have since recovered 

somewhat. However, growth in house prices still exceeds 

core inflation and income growth measures. The FHFA 

purchase-only home price index stood at 4.9 percent over the 

year through December 2019, the slowest 12-month pace in 

nearly four years. On a 12-month basis, the Standard and 

Poor’s (S&P)/Case-Shiller composite 20-city home price 

index decelerated to a seven-year low last summer, but 

accelerated to 2.6 percent over the year through December. 

Consumer and Business Sentiment 

Measures of consumer and business sentiment remain 

elevated, and in recent months, have trended upwards toward 

2018’s multi-year highs. In January, the Reuters/Michigan 

consumer sentiment index rose 0.5 points to 99.8, or within 

1.6 points of the 14-year high of 101.4 reached in March 2018. 

Notably, this index averaged 98.4 per month in 2018, the 

highest monthly average for any year since 2000; the average 

moderated to 96.0 during 2019. The Conference Board’s 

confidence index increased 3.4 points to 131.6 in January, 

or 6.3 points below the 18-year high of 137.9 reached in 

October 2018. The National Federation of Independent 

Business’s (NFIB) small business optimism index declined 

2.0 points to 102.7 in December, only 6.1 points below the 

record high of 108.8 reached in August 2018. 

Consumer Prices 

(Percent change from a year earlier) 

Federal Budget and Debt 

The Federal Government posted a deficit of $984 billion 

(4.6 percent of GDP) in FY 2019, rising from $779 billion 

(3.8 percent of GDP) in FY 2018. The primary deficit (which 

excludes net interest payments) was 2.9 percent of GDP in FY 

2019, up 0.7 percentage point from FY 2018. 

Federal receipts totaled $3.46 trillion (16.3 percent of GDP) 

in FY 2019. Although the level of receipts was $133 billion 

higher than last year, receipts’ share of the economy declined 

from 16.4 percent of GDP in FY 2018. Net outlays for FY 

2019 were $4.45 trillion (21.0 percent of GDP), up from 20.3 

percent of GDP in FY 2018. Federal debt held by the public, 

or federal debt less the debt held in government accounts, rose 

from $15.75 trillion at the end of FY 2018 to $16.80 trillion 

by the end of FY 2019, or 79.2 percent of GDP. 

The Administration’s Budget for Fiscal Year 2021 was 

released in February 2020. The Administration projects the 

federal deficit will rise to $1.08 trillion (4.9 percent of GDP) 

in FY 2020. From FY 2021 to FY 2025, the deficit would 

total $3.71 trillion (2.9 percent of GDP, on average). The 

projection assumes implementation of the Administration’s 

proposals – such as increasing spending on national defense, 

supporting major infrastructure investment, cutting nondefense discretionary outlays, and reforming health care, drug 

pricing, welfare programs, student loans, and the Postal 

Service – which would reduce the 10-year deficit relative to 

the baseline by $5.21 trillion. On net, these proposals would 

gradually reduce the deficit to $261 billion (0.7 percent of 

GDP) by FY 2030. The Budget expects that the primary 

deficit (which excludes net interest outlays) will be 3.2 

percent of GDP in FY 2020, which will turn into a small 

primary surplus by FY 2026. Debt held by the public would 

peak at 81.3 percent of GDP in FY 2022 but would gradually 

decline to 70.0 percent of GDP by FY 2029. 
PROFILE OF THE ECONOMY 7 

March 2020 

The President’s Budget assumes a lower level of 

discretionary spending in FY 2021 than was agreed in the 

Bipartisan Budget Act (BBA). The BBA lifted spending caps 

established in 2011 and allowed for $1.3 trillion in defense 

and non-defense discretionary spending over the next two 

fiscal years. The BBA also suspended the Treasury’s 

borrowing limit until July 31, 2021. As of January 2020, 

gross federal debt was $23,224.8 billion, while federal debt 

held by the public totaled $17,212.6 billion. 

Economic Policy

In December 2017, the United States enacted TCJA, the 

first major tax reform in three decades. Combined with 

regulatory reforms, the revised tax code is designed to 

strengthen incentives for economic growth through 

investment, which should support a sustained increase in 

productivity, and improved labor force participation. The tax 

law lowered the U.S. corporate tax rate from one of the 

highest in the developed world to near the average of other 

advanced economies; it allowed businesses to deduct 

immediately 100 percent of the cost of most of their new 

capital investments for the next five years. TCJA also 

delivered tax relief to households by reducing individual tax 

rates, allowing a larger standard deduction, and expanding the 

child tax credit, all of which have encouraged workers to reenter the labor market and entrepreneurs to start businesses. 

On the monetary policy side, the Federal Reserve’s 

Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) pursued a cycle of 

monetary tightening from December 2015 until June 2019, a 

period that saw the Federal funds rate target raised from the 

historically low range of 0 to 0.25 percent to a range of 2.25 

to 2.50 percent. On July 31, 2019, however, the FOMC cut 

the target range for the first time in over 10 years, reducing 

the target range by 25 basis points to 2.0 to 2.25 percent. In 

the following two meetings, the FOMC cut the target range 

by a combined 50 basis points, bringing the range to 1.50 to 

1.75 percent by late October 2019. In its October statement, 

the FOMC signaled a pause in rate cuts, and maintained this 

range at its December 2019 and January 2020 meetings. The 

January statement noted that “the current stance of monetary 

policy is appropriate to support sustained expansion of 

economic activity, strong labor market conditions, and 

inflation near the [Fed’s 2 percent target].” 
8 

March 2020 

INTRODUCTION: Federal Fiscal Operations 

Budget authority usually takes the form of 

appropriations that allow obligations to be incurred and 

payments to be made. Reappropriations are Congressional 

actions that extend the availability of unobligated amounts 

that have expired or would otherwise expire. These are 

counted as new budget authority in the fiscal year of the 

legislation in which the reappropriation act is included, 

regardless of when the amounts were originally appropriated 

or when they would otherwise lapse. 

Obligations generally are liquidated by the issuance of 

checks or the disbursement of cash—outlays. Obligations 

may also be liquidated (and outlays recorded) by the accrual 

of interest on public issues of Treasury debt securities 

(including an increase in redemption value of bonds 

outstanding); or by the issuance of bonds, debentures, notes, 

monetary credits, or electronic payments. 

Refunds of collections generally are treated as 

reductions of collections, whereas payments for earnedincome tax credits in excess of tax liabilities are treated as 

outlays. Outlays during a fiscal year may be for payment of 

obligations incurred in prior years or in the same year. 

Outlays, therefore, flow in part from unexpended balances 

of prior year budget authority and from budget authority 

provided for the year in which the money is spent. Total 

outlays include both budget and off-budget outlays and are 

stated net of offsetting collections. 

Receipts are reported in the tables as either budget 

receipts or offsetting collections. They are collections from 

the public, excluding receipts offset against outlays. These, 

also called governmental receipts, consist mainly of tax 

receipts (including social insurance taxes), receipts from 

court fines, certain licenses, and deposits of earnings by the 

Federal Reserve system. Refunds of receipts are treated as 

deductions from gross receipts. Total Government receipts 

are compared with total outlays in calculating the budget 

surplus or deficit. 

Offsetting collections from other Government accounts 

or the public are of a business-type or market-oriented 

nature. They are classified as either collections credited to 

appropriations or fund accounts, or offsetting receipts (i.e., 

amounts deposited in receipt accounts). The former 

normally can be used without an appropriation act by 

Congress. These occur in two instances: (1) when 

authorized by law, amounts collected for materials or 

services are treated as reimbursements to appropriations. 

For accounting purposes, earned reimbursements are also 

known as revenues. These offsetting collections are netted 

against gross outlays in determining net outlays from such 

appropriations; and (2) in the three types of revolving funds 

(public enterprise, intragovernmental, and trust); offsetting 

collections are netted against spending, and outlays are 

reported as the net amount. 

Offsetting receipts in receipt accounts cannot be used 

without appropriation. They are subdivided into three 

categories: (1) proprietary receipts, or collections from the 

public, offset against outlays by agency and by function; (2) 

intragovernmental transactions, or payments into receipt 

accounts from governmental appropriation or fund accounts. 

They finance operations within and between Government 

agencies and are credited with collections from other 

Government accounts; and (3) offsetting governmental 

receipts that include foreign cash contributions. 

Intrabudgetary transactions are subdivided into three 

categories: (1) interfund transactions—payments are from 

one fund group (either Federal funds or trust funds) to a 

receipt account in the other fund group; (2) Federal 

intrafund transactions—payments and receipts both occur 

within the Federal fund group; and (3) trust intrafund 

transactions—payments and receipts both occur within the 

trust fund group. 

Offsetting receipts are generally deducted from budget 

authority and outlays by function, subfunction, or agency. 

There are four types of receipts, however, that are deducted 

from budget totals as undistributed offsetting receipts. They 

are: (1) agencies’ payments (including payments by offbudget Federal entities) as employers into employees’ 

retirement funds; (2) interest received by trust funds; (3) 

rents and royalties on the Outer Continental Shelf lands; and 

(4) other interest (i.e., that collected on Outer Continental 

Shelf money in deposit funds when such money is 

transferred into the budget). 

The Government has used the unified budget concept set 

forth in the “Report of the President’s Commission on 

Budget Concepts” as a foundation for its budgetary analysis 

and presentation since 1969. The concept calls for the 

budget to include all of the Government’s fiscal transactions 

with the public. Since 1971, however, various laws have 

been enacted removing several Federal entities from (or 

creating them outside of) the budget. Other laws have 

moved certain off-budget Federal entities onto the budget. 

Under current law, the off-budget Federal entities consist of 

the two Social Security trust funds, Federal Old-Age and 

Survivors Insurance and the Federal Disability Insurance 

Trust Fund, and the Postal Service. 

Although an off-budget Federal entity’s receipts, 

outlays, and surplus or deficit ordinarily are not subject to 

targets set by the Congressional resolution, the Balanced 

Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985 

[commonly known as the Gramm-Rudman-Hollings Act as 

amended by the Budget Enforcement Act of 1990 (2 United 

States Code 900-922)] included off-budget surplus or deficit 

in calculating deficit targets under that act and in calculating 

excess deficit. Partly for this reason, attention has focused 
9 

March 2020 

on both on- and off-budget receipts, outlays and deficit of 

the Government. 

Tables FFO-1, FFO-2, and FFO-3 are published 

quarterly and cover 5 years of data, estimates for 2 years, 

detail for 13 months, and fiscal year-to-date data. They 

provide a summary of data relating to Federal fiscal 

operations reported by Federal entities and disbursing 

officers, and daily reports from the FRBs. They also detail 

accounting transactions affecting receipts and outlays of the 

Government and off-budget Federal entities and their related 

effect on assets and liabilities of the Government. Data are 

derived from the “Monthly Treasury Statement of Receipts 

and Outlays of the United States Government.” 

 Table FFO-1 summarizes the amount of total 

receipts, outlays, and surplus or deficit, as well as 

transactions in Federal securities, monetary assets, and 

balances in Treasury operating cash. 

 Table FFO-2 includes on- and off-budget receipts 

by source. Amounts represent income taxes, social 

insurance taxes, net contributions for other insurance and 

retirement, excise taxes, estate and gift taxes, customs 

duties, and net miscellaneous receipts. 

 Table FFO-3 details on- and off-budget outlays by 

agency. 

 Table FFO-4 summarizes on- and off-budget 

receipts by source and outlays by function as reported to 

each major fund group classification for the current fiscal 

year to date and prior fiscal year to date. 

 Table FFO-5 summarizes internal revenue receipts 

by states and by type of tax. Amounts reported are 

collections made in a fiscal year. They span several tax 

liability years because they consist of prepayments 

(estimated tax payments and taxes withheld by employers 

for individual income and Social Security taxes), payments 

made with tax returns and subsequent payments made after 

tax returns are due or are filed (that is, payments with 

delinquent returns or on delinquent accounts). 

Amounts are reported based on the primary filing 

address provided by each taxpayer or reporting entity. For 

multistate corporations, the address may reflect only the 

district where such a corporation reported its taxes from a 

principal office rather than other districts where income was 

earned or where individual income and Social Security taxes 

were withheld. In addition, an individual may reside in one 

district and work in another. 

 Table FFO-6 includes customs collection of duties, 

taxes, and fees by districts and ports.

Budget Results and Financing of the U.S. Government 

and First-Quarter Receipts by Source 

[Source: Office of Tax Analysis, Office of Tax Policy] 

First-Quarter Receipts 

The following capsule analysis of budget receipts, by 

source, for the first quarter of fiscal year 2020 

supplements fiscal data reported in the December issue 

of the “Treasury Bulletin.” At the time of that issue’s 

release, not enough data were available to analyze 

adequately collections for the quarter. 

Individual income taxes—Individual income tax 

receipts, net of refunds, were $384.9 billion for the FirstQuarter of fiscal year 2020. This is an increase of $12.1 

billion over the comparable prior year quarter. Withheld 

receipts increased by $10.8 billion and non-withheld 

receipts decreased by $0.6 billion during this period. 

Refunds decreased by $1.9 billion over the comparable 

fiscal year 2019 quarter. There was a change of $4.3 billion 

in accounting adjustments between individual income tax 

receipts and the Social Security and Medicare trust funds 

over the comparable quarter in fiscal year 2019. 

Corporate income taxes—Net corporate income tax 

receipts were $65.4 billion for the first quarter of fiscal year 

2020. This is an increase of $12.3 billion compared to the 

prior year first quarter. The $12.3 billion change is 

comprised of an increase of $12.9 billion in estimated and 

final payments, and an increase of $0.6 billion in corporate 

refunds. 

Employment taxes and contributions—Employment 

taxes and contributions receipts for the first quarter of fiscal 

year 2020 were $282.7 billion, an increase of $15.7 billion 

over the comparable prior year quarter. Receipts to the 

Federal Old-Age and Survivors Insurance, Federal 

Disability Insurance, and Federal Hospital Insurance trust 

funds changed by $19.4 billion, -$7.3 billion, and $3.7 

billion respectively. There was a $2.0 billion accounting 

adjustment for prior years employment tax liabilities made 

in the first quarter of fiscal year 2020. There was a -$2.4 

billion adjustment in the first quarter of fiscal year 2019. 

Unemployment insurance—Unemployment insurance 

receipts, net of refunds, for the first quarter of fiscal year 

2020 were $5.6 billion, a decrease of $0.3 billion over the 

comparable quarter of fiscal year 2019. Net State taxes 

deposited in the U.S. Treasury decreased by $0.2 billion to 

$4.9 billion. Net Federal Unemployment Tax Act taxes did 

not change significantly from $0.7 billion. 
FEDERAL FISCAL OPERATIONS 

March 2020 

10 

Budget Results and Financing of the U.S. Government 

and First-Quarter Receipts by Source, continued

Contributions for other insurance and retirement—

Contributions for other retirement were $1.3 billion for the 

first quarter of fiscal year 2020. This was an increase of 

$0.1 billion from the comparable quarter of fiscal year 2019. 

 Excise taxes—Net excise tax receipts for the first 

quarter of fiscal year 2020 were $20.6 billion, a decrease of 

$8.9 billion over the comparable prior year quarter. Total 

excise tax refunds for the quarter were $0.6 billion, a 

decrease of $2.4 billion over the comparable prior year 

quarter. 

Estate and gift taxes—Net estate and gift tax receipts 

were $4.6 billion for the first quarter of fiscal year 2020. 

These receipts represent a decrease of $0.4 billion over the 

same quarter in fiscal year 2019. 

Customs duties—Customs duties net of refunds were 

$21.1 billion for the first quarter of fiscal year 2020. This is 

an increase of $3.3 billion over the comparable prior year 

quarter. 

Miscellaneous receipts—Net miscellaneous receipts 

for the first quarter of fiscal year 2020 were $20.3 billion, an 

increase of $1.3 billion over the comparable prior year 

quarter. This change is due in part to deposits of earnings by 

Federal Reserve banks increasing by $1.6 billion.

Total On- and Off-Budget Results and Financing of the U.S. Government 

[In millions of dollars. Source: “Monthly Treasury Statement of Receipts and Outlays of the United States Government”] 

 First quarter 2020 

October – December 

 Fiscal year 2020 

 year to date 

Total on- and off-budget results: 

Total receipts ............................................................... 806,511 771,237

On-budget receipts .................................................. 596,414 573,250

Off-budget receipts .................................................. 210,098 197,987

Total outlays................................................................. 1,163,090 1,090,170

On-budget outlays.................................................... 948,914 892,355

Off-budget outlays.................................................... 214,174 197,815

Total surplus or deficit (-)............................................. -356,578 -318,933

On-budget surplus or deficit (-)................................ -352,501 -319,105

Off-budget surplus or deficit (-)................................ -4,077 172

Means of financing: 

Borrowing from the public ............................................ 351,065 339,629

Reduction of operating cash ........................................ -21,369 -17,425

Other means ................................................................ 26,882 -3,271

Total on- and off-budget financing ........................... 356,579 318,933

First-Quarter Net Budget Receipts by Source, Fiscal Year 2020 

[In billions of dollars. Source: “Monthly Treasury Statement of Receipts and Outlays of the United States Government”] 

Source October November December 

Individual income taxes...................................................... 126.4 105.8 152.7 

Corporate income taxes..................................................... 6.6 0.5 58.3 

Employment and general retirement.................................. 86.7 93.7 102.4 

Unemployment insurance .................................................. 2.8 2.6 0.2 

Contributions for other insurance and retirement .............. 0.4 0.5 0.4 

Excise taxes ....................................................................... 6.0 7.5 7.0 

Estate and gift taxes .......................................................... 1.7 1.2 1.7 

Customs duties .................................................................. 7.8 6.9 6.4 

Miscellaneous receipts....................................................... 7.3 6.5 6.5

Total budget receipts ..................................................... 245.5 225.2 335.8

Note.—Detail may not add to totals due to independent rounding. 
FEDERAL FISCAL OPERATIONS 

March 2020 

11

 
12 

March 2020 

TABLE FFO-1—Summary of Fiscal Operations 

[In millions of dollars. Source: “Monthly Treasury Statement of Receipts and Outlays of the United States Government”] 

 Total on-budget and off-budget results 

Means of 

financing 

-net transactions 

Borrowing from 

the publicFederal securities 

Public debt 

securities 

(10)

Fiscal year 

or Month 

Total 

Receipts 

(1)

On-budget 

receipts 

(2)

Off-budget 

receipts 

(3)

Total 

outlays 

(4)

On-budget 

outlays 

(5)

Off-budget 

outlays 

(6)

Total 

surplus 

deficit (-) 

(7)

On-budget 

surplus 

deficit (-) 

(8)

Off-budget 

surplus 

deficit (-) 

(9)

 

2015 ...............................3,248,722 2,478,328 770,394 3,687,623 2,944,526 743,097 -438,900 -466,197 27,297 325,601 

2016 ...............................3,266,689 2,456,509 810,180 3,854,101 3,077,747 776,354 -587,413 -621,238 33,826 1,419,286 

2017 ...............................3,314,893 2,464,275 850,617 3,980,720 3,179,518 801,202 -665,826 -715,242 49,416 666,472 

2018 ...............................3,328,745 2,473,999 854,747 4,107,741 3,259,170 848,573 -778,995 -785,172 6,175 1,258,348 

2019 ...............................3,462,195 254,893 914,302 4,446,583 3,539,967 906,617 -984,386 -992,072 7,686 1,208,690 

 

2019 – Est1 .....................3,631,874 2,685,416 946,458 4,676,957 3,714,389 962,568 -1,045,083 -1,028,973 -16,110 1,221,986 

2020 – Est1 .....................3,833,374 2,831,699 1,001,675 4,849,037 3,828,794 1,020,243 -1,015,663 -997,095 -18,568 1,232,225 

 

2018 – Dec. .................... 312,584 242,999 69,585 326,123 284,536 41,588 -13,539 -41,537 27,997 125,473 

2019 – Jan ..................... 339,980 253,837 86,143 331,299 256,096 75,203 8,681 -2,259 10,940 9,784 

Feb ..................... 167,265 95,390 71,875 401,243 316,103 85,140 -233,977 -220,713 -13,265 132,191 

Mar ..................... 228,811 149,414 79,397 375,756 290,479 85,278 -146,945 -141,064 -5,881 -86,093 

Apr ...................... 535,545 439,736 95,809 375,240 299,230 76,011 160,304 140,506 19,798 981 

May ..................... 232,064 158,229 73,835 439,833 352,744 87,089 -207,768 -194,514 -13,254 -1,439 

June .................... 333,952 241,695 92,257 342,429 292,170 50,259 -8,477 -50,475 41,999 7 

July ..................... 251,348 182,519 68,829 371,044 293,461 77,582 -119,695 -110,942 -8,753 1,338 

Aug ..................... 227,965 157,490 70,475 428,309 342,318 85,991 -200,344 -184,828 -15,516 438,890 

Sept .................... 374,028 296,333 77,695 291,260 205,011 86,249 82,768 91,322 -8,554 259,291 

Oct ...................... 245,521 181,095 64,426 379,988 300,962 79,026 -134,467 -119,867 -14,600 277,223 

Nov. .................... 225,185 155,648 69,537 434,024 345,901 88,122 -208,838 -190,253 -18,585 68,945 

Dec. .................... 335,805 259,671 76,135 349,078 302,051 47,026 -13,273 -42,381 29,108 126,179 

 

Fiscal year 2020 to date... 806,511 596,414 210,098 1,163,090 948,914 214,174 -356,578 -352,501 -4,077 1,171,866 

 

Means of financing—net transactions, continued 

Borrowing from the publicFederal securities, continued Cash and monetary assets (deduct) 

Other 

(18)

Transactions 

not applied 

to year’s 

surplus or 

deficit 

(19)

Total 

Financing 

(20)

Fiscal year 

or month 

Agency 

securities 

(11)

Investments 

 of Government 

accounts 

(12)

Total 

10+11-12 

(13)

U.S. Treasury 

operating 

cash 

(14)

Special 

drawing 

rights 

(15)

Other 

(16)

Reserve 

position on the 

U.S. quota in 

the IMF 

(deduct) 

(17)

 

2015 ...................................... 241 -10,027 335,867 40,415 -2,815 -3,114 -6,425 127,111 970 435,887 

2016 ...................................... 269 367,731 1,051,824 154,593 -279 -1,268 230 -310,961 -171 587,416 

2017 ...................................... 3 168,172 498,301 -193,988 1,390 -935 1,938 -24,443 259 665,714 

2018 ...................................... -1,545 172,343 1,084,458 225,390 -527 -2,661 3,857 -79,242 -160 778,997 

2019 ...................................... -1,366 155,715 1,051,606 -2,230 -941 -1,210 7,593 -63,946 -62 984,386 

 

2019 – Est1 ............................ -1,245 108,409 1,112,332 - - - - -67,249 - 1,045,083 

2020 – Est1 ............................ -1,144 148,789 1,082,292 - - - - -66,629 - 1,015,663 

 

2018 – Dec. ........................... -55 66,822 58,595 57,264 276 -839 1,947 13,567 25 13,539 

2019 – Jan ............................ -142 9,538 103 1,459 362 -62 39 -7,119 133 -8,681 

Feb ............................ -297 -17,719 149,613 -112,933 -42 -202 401 -28,345 -67 233,977 

Mar ............................ -299 -40,460 -45,932 43,348 -356 58 -38 236,022 -133 146,945 

Apr ............................. 4 13,179 -12,194 88,573 -92 -334 2,367 -57,559 -37 -160,304 

May ........................... -55 -10,992 9,497 -189,711 -237 271 21 8,785 -170 207,768 

June .......................... -152 12,192 -12,337 30,835 461 137 273 52,323 197 8,477 

July ............................ -112 -23,196 24,422 -87,047 -541 183 1,733 9,842 -241 119,695 

Aug ............................ -198 52,505 386,186 -43,571 -196 336 -160 -229,313 -120 200,344 

Sept ........................... -234 46,439 212,619 249,392 -184 -464 -233 -47,399 523 -82,768 

Oct ............................. -180 117,207 159,836 52,458 589 -73 5 27,341 270 134,468 

Nov. ........................... -74 -56,591 125,462 -92,324 -214 -57 -39 -9,137 -121 208,838 

Dec. ........................... 10 60,421 65,767 61,235 397 -133 607 9,444 168 13,273 

 

Fiscal year 2020 to date... -244 121,037 351,065 21,369 772 -263 573 27,648 317 356,579 

 

1 These estimates are based on the President's FY 2019 Budget, released by the Office of Management and Budget on July 13, 2018. Note: Detail may not add to total due to rounding. 
13 

March 2020 

TABLE FFO-2—On-Budget and Off-Budget Receipts by Source 

[In millions of dollars. Source: “Monthly Treasury Statement of Receipts and Outlays of the United States Government”] 

Fiscal year 

or month 

Income taxes 

Social insurance 

and retirement receipts 

 Employment and general retirement 

Old-age, disability, and 

hospital insurance Individual Corporation 

Withheld 

(1) 

Other 

(2) 

Refunds 

(3) 

 Net 

 (4) 

 Gross 

 (5) 

Refunds 

(6) 

Net 

 (7) 

Net income 

taxes 

(8) 

 Gross 

 (9) 

 

Refunds 

 (10) 

 Net 

 (11) 

 2015 ..................... 1,220,161 554,993 234,352 1,540,802 390,291 46,495 343,798 1,884,598 1,007,385 2,801 1,004,584 

2016 ..................... 1,245,698 551,660 251,286 1,546,076 345,981 46,411 299,572 1,845,646 1,060,162 3,159 1,056,993 

2017 ..................... 1,309,265 539,528 261,678 1,587,120 338,978 41,929 297,048 1,884,168 1,109,837 3,290 1,106,547 

2018 ..................... 1,325,106 626,555 268,126 1,683,536 263,168 58,433 204,734 1,888,270 1,118,641 3,234 1,115,407 

2019 ..................... 1,328,271 634,339 244,755 1,717,858 277,416 47,172 230,244 1,948,102 1,195,506 3,632 1,191,874 

 

2019 – Est1 ........... 1,805,420 - - 1,805,420 253,076 - 253,076 2,058,496 1,233,642 - 1,233,642 

2020 – Est1 ........... 1,911,676 - - 1,911,676 281,867 - 281,867 2,193,543 1,306,762 - 1,306,762 

 

2018 – Dec. .......... 137,260 16,327 3,030 150,557 51,888 5,133 46,755 197,312 93,490 - 93,490 

2019 – Jan ........... 109,148 89,548 1,560 197,136 8,363 1,610 6,754 203,890 111,255 - 111,255 

Feb ........... 116,736 7,926 68,001 56,661 3,774 4,442 -669 55,992 91,623 - 91,623 

Mar ........... 135,770 16,889 55,422 97,236 13,605 4,812 8,793 106,029 101,253 - 101,253 

Apr ............ 113,857 283,508 64,556 332,809 51,095 6,407 44,688 377,497 124,379 - 124,379 

May ........... 108,285 10,611 15,204 103,692 6,291 5,880 411 104,103 94,545 - 94,545 

June .......... 76,127 69,403 4,383 141,149 54,129 2,860 51,269 192,418 120,240 - 120,240 

July ........... 120,690 11,414 4,678 127,427 9,522 2,555 6,967 134,394 89,025 - 89,025 

Aug ........... 100,795 8,854 3,667 105,982 3,172 4,568 -1,396 104,586 91,242 - 91,242 

Sept .......... 103,949 82,773 3,750 182,972 62,619 2,301 60,318 243,290 106,249 3,632 102,617 

Oct ............ 108,600 28,362 10,573 126,389 10,802 4,232 6,571 132,960 86,267 - 86,267 

Nov. .......... 105,275 8,593 8,105 105,764 5,918 5,385 532 106,296 93,271 - 93,271 

Dec. .......... 139,853 15,839 2,986 152,706 61,054 2,744 58,311 211,017 101,976 - 101,976 

 

Fiscal year 

2020 to date...... 

353,728 24,432 21,664 384,859 

 

77,774 

 

12,361 

 

65,414 

 

450,273 

 

281,514 

 

- 

 

281,514 

 

Fiscal year 

or month 

Social insurance and retirement receipts, continued 

Employment and general retirement, continued Unemployment insurance Net for other insurance and retirement 

Railroad retirement Net employment 

and general 

retirement 

(15)

Gross 

(16)

 Refunds 

 (17)

 Net un- 

 employment 

 insurance 

 (18)

Federal 

employees 

retirement 

(19)

Other 

retirement 

(20)

Total 

(21)

Gross 

(12)

Refunds 

(13)

Net 

(14)

 

2015 ............................ 5,868 1 5,868 1,010,449 51,359 182 51,177 3,629 23 3,652 

2016 ............................ 5,316 3 5,312 1,062,305 49,043 191 48,853 3,877 28 3,906 

2017 ............................ 5,349 1 5,349 1,111,896 45,961 154 45,810 4,158 34 4,191 

2018 ............................ 5,753 4 5,749 1,121,156 45,161 121 45,041 4,471 31 4,501 

2019 ............................ 5,610 90 5,519 1,197,395 41,193 259 40,934 4,730 29 4,759 

 

2019 – Est1 .................. 5,591 - 5,591 1,239,233 45,772 - 45,772 5,203 31 5,234 

2020 – Est1 .................. 6,065 - 6,065 1,312,827 46,853 - 46,853 7,579 30 7,609 

 

2018 – Dec. ................. 438 - 438 93,928 292 - 292 422 2 424 

2019 – Jan .................. 514 - 514 111,769 3,038 - 3,038 254 2 256 

Feb .................. 712 - 712 92,335 2,427 6 2,421 467 - 467 

Mar .................. 537 - 537 101,791 348 73 275 357 2 359 

Apr ................... 533 - 533 124,912 9,916 77 9,839 376 3 378 

May ................. 521 4 516 95,061 11,578 25 11,553 466 2 468 

June ................ -121 7 -129 120,112 268 18 249 382 2 385 

July .................. 546 - 545 89,571 3,876 27 3,849 425 3 428 

Aug .................. 556 7 549 91,791 3,642 13 3,629 399 2 402 

Sept ................. 500 72 429 103,046 211 14 197 384 2 386 

Oct ................... 444 40 423 86,671 2,757 - 2,757 386 3 389 

Nov. ................. 434 50 383 93,654 2,604 9 2,596 483 2 486 

Dec. ................. 427 4 423 102,399 264 15 248 446 3 449 

 

Fiscal year 2020 to date 1,305 94 1,229 282,724 5,625 24 5,601 1,315 8 1,324 

 

See footnotes at end of table 
14 

March 2020 

Fiscal year 

or month 

Excise 

taxes, con. 

Net excise 

taxes 

(35)

Estate and gift taxes Customs duties 

Net miscellaneous receipts 

Total receipts 

Deposits of 

earnings by 

Federal 

Reserve 

banks 

(42)

Universal 

service fund 

and all 

other 

(43)

Total 

(44)

 Gross 

 (36)

 Refunds 

 (37)

Net 

(38)

Gross 

(39)

Refunds 

(40)

Net 

(41) On-budget (45) Off-budget (46)

 2015 98,278 20,043 811 19,232 37,704 2,666 35,042 96,469 49,827 146,294 2,478,328 770,394 

2016 95,044 22,337 983 21,354 36,468 1,630 34,836 115,671 39,070 154,744 2,456,508 810,180

2017 83,821 23,779 1,012 22,770 36,260 1,686 34,573 81,288 46,380 127,666 2,464,275 850,617

2018 94,987 23,864 883 22,982 43,097 1,796 41,298 70,751 39,755 110,505 2,473,999 854,747

2019 98,915 17,565 894 16,672 73,461 2,677 70,784 52,793 31,843 84,637 2,547,893 914,302 2019 – Est1 108,650 19,284 - 19,284 64,336 - 64,336 49,474 42,417 91,891 2,685,416 946,458

2020 – Est1 111,942 19,997 - 19,997 43,324 - 43,324 52,781 45,334 98,115 2,831,699 1,001,675 2018 – Dec. 7,179 1,744 69 1,675 6,129 138 5,992 4,400 1,383 5,783 242,999 69,585

2019 – Jan 6,776 1,151 58 1,092 6,662 34 6,628 4,854 1,677 6,530 253,837 86,143

Feb 5,353 1,296 67 1,229 5,418 342 5,076 2,893 1,496 4,389 95,390 71,875

Mar 7,841 1,003 67 935 5,382 220 5,163 4,206 2,212 6,418 149,414 79,397

Apr 7,093 2,391 121 2,270 5,509 272 5,237 4,070 4,251 8,319 439,736 95,809

May 7,593 909 121 788 5,099 165 4,934 5,860 1,709 7,566 158,229 73,835

June 7,110 1,144 57 1,087 5,822 216 5,606 4,741 2,246 6,985 241,695 92,257

July 7,868 1,201 43 1,158 6,751 278 6,473 5,203 2,404 7,606 182,519 68,829

Aug 7,866 1,988 111 1,877 7,228 223 7,005 3,622 7,186 10,809 157,490 70,475

Sept 11,986 1,220 18 1,201 7,174 341 6,833 3,924 3,164 7,088 296,333 77,695

Oct 6,036 1,748 57 1,691 8,108 350 7,757 5,230 2,030 7,260 181,094 64,426

Nov. 7,513 1,298 59 1,239 7,391 451 6,940 4,521 1,941 6,461 155,648 69,537

Dec. 7,017 1,761 63 1,698 6,934 485 6,449 5,252 1,277 6,529 259,671 76,135 Fiscal year 2020 to date..... 20,566 4,807 179 4,628 22,433 1,286 21,146 15,003 5,248 20,250 596,413 427,097 

Note: Detail may not add to total due to rounding. 

1 These estimates are based on the President's FY 2019 Budget, released by the Office of Management and Budget on 

July 13, 2018.

TABLE FFO-2—On-Budget and Off-Budget Receipts by Source, continued 

[In millions of dollars. Source: “Monthly Treasury Statement of Receipts and Outlays of the United States Government”] 

Social 

insurance 

and retirement 

receipts, con. 

Net social 

insurance and 

retirement 

receipts 

(22)

Excise taxes 

Fiscal year 

or month 

Airport and Airway Trust Fund 

Black Lung Disability 

Trust Fund Highway Trust Fund Miscellaneous 

Gross 

(23)

Refunds 

 (24)

 Net 

 (25)

Gross 

(26)

Refunds 

(27)

Net 

(28)

Gross 

(29)

Refunds 

(30)

 Net 

 (31)

 Gross 

 (32)

 Refunds 

 (33)

 Net 

 (34)

 

2015 1,065,278 13,401 18 13,383 546 - 546 38,132 - 38,132 50,802 4,585 46,217

2016 1,115,063 14,379 16 14,363 465 - 465 41,432 63 41,369 45,284 6,440 38,846

2017 1,161,897 14,952 15 14,936 426 - 426 41,555 431 41,126 32,495 5,162 27,334 

2018 1,170,699 15,532 15 15,516 394 - 394 42,979 438 42,541 39,650 3,116 36,535

2019 1,243,087 15,825 14 15,811 213 - 213 44,186 440 43,746 44,773 5,629 39,144 

2019 – Est1 1,290,239 17,056 - 17,056 170 - 170 43,121 - 43,121 48,303 - 48,303

2020 – Est1 1,367,289 18,038 - 18,038 164 - 164 43,575 - 43,575 50,165 - 50,165 

2018 – Dec. 94,643 1,338 - 1,338 33 - 33 3,785 29 3,756 2,209 157 2,052 

2019 – Jan 115,064 1,209 - 1,209 30 - 30 3,351 30 3,321 2,262 46 2,216

Feb 95,225 1,418 - 1,418 17 - 17 3,610 31 3,579 893 554 339

Mar 102,424 1,169 8 1,161 6 - 6 3,919 31 3,889 3,001 216 2,786

Apr 135,129 1,399 - 1,399 16 - 16 3,537 37 3,499 2,667 488 2,179

May 107,082 1,558 1 1,556 11 - 11 3,279 44 3,235 2,940 150 2,791 

June 120,746 1,524 - 1,524 14 - 14 3,725 44 3,681 2,160 268 1,891 

July 93,848 1,507 - 1,507 14 - 14 3,683 43 3,640 3,174 466 2,707

Aug 95,822 896 5 891 - - - 3,266 43 3,224 3,912 160 3,752 

Sept 103,629 2,005 - 2,005 27 - 27 6,941 64 6,877 3,428 351 3,077

Oct 89,817 257 - 257 3 - 3 890 15 876 5,084 185 4,900

Nov. 96,736 1,718 - 1,718 19 - 19 4,540 29 4,511 1,368 103 1,266

Dec. 103,096 1,416 - 1,416 15 - 15 3,836 29 3,807 2,025 247 1,779 Fiscal year 2020 to date........... 289,649 3,391 - 3,391 37 - 37 9,266 73 9,194 8,477 1,512 17,481 
15 

March 2020 

TABLE FFO-3—On-Budget and Off-Budget Outlays by Agency 

[In millions of dollars. Source: “Monthly Treasury Statement of Receipts and Outlays of the United States Government”] 

Fiscal year 

or month 

Legislative 

branch 

(1)

Judicial 

branch 

(2)

Department of 

Agriculture 

(3)

Department of 

Commerce 

(4)

Department of 

Defense, 

military 

(5)

 Depart- 

 ment of 

Education (6)

 Depart- 

 ment of 

 Energy 

 (7)

 Depart- 

 ment of 

 Health 

 and 

 Human 

 Services (8)

 Depart- 

 ment of 

 Home- 

 land 

 Security (9)

Department of 

Housing 

and 

Urban 

Development 

(10)

 Depart- 

 ment of 

 the 

 Interior 

 (11)

Department of 

Justice 

(12)

 Depart- 

 ment of 

 Labor 

 (13)

 

2015 ................................. 4,328 7,130 139,112 8,955 562,506 90,031 25,425 1,027,420 42,563 35,522 12,348 26,910 45,218

2016 ................................. 4,344 7,497 138,161 9,162 565,365 76,981 25,852 1,102,966 45,194 26,393 12,584 29,523 41,371

2017 ................................. 4,499 7,565 127,563 10,303 568,905 111,703 25,794 1,116,763 50,502 55,623 12,141 30,979 40,121

2018 ................................. 4,670 7,780 136,713 8,561 600,705 63,706 26,479 1,120,503 68,374 54,666 13,210 34,522 39,637

2019 ................................. 4,955 7,958 150,120 11,326 653,979 104,365 28,936 1,213,807 56,328 29,188 13,907 35,107 35,810 

2019 – Est1 ....................... 5,545 8,668 132,362 15,523 696,928 82,878 30,810 1,287,078 62,006 48,830 14,894 38,288 38,454

2020 – Est1 ....................... 5,551 8,784 124,038 11,323 726,760 72,501 28,418 1,287,964 56,449 47,642 15,344 37,394 37,290 

2018 – Dec. ...................... 461 628 15,246 1,013 51,445 6,256 1,895 71,256 6,527 3,954 1,063 3,947 4,046

2019 – Jan ....................... 419 512 13,122 432 46,828 9,708 2,566 96,085 3,243 3,797 725 2,461 4,983

Feb ....................... 371 745 11,313 921 51,368 7,942 2,200 98,154 4,893 3,861 1,359 3,137 4,315

Mar ....................... 355 605 10,544 844 55,396 6,052 2,246 100,225 4,963 3,446 796 2,692 2,526

Apr ........................ 420 620 9,940 816 51,969 6,658 2,456 104,302 4,662 3,437 854 2,703 3,486

May ....................... 411 814 9,603 959 61,801 4,980 2,663 146,552 4,362 -12,605 1,213 3,332 3,167

June ...................... 381 584 9,911 821 48,481 34,107 1,992 67,523 3,970 3,988 1,433 2,829 3,294

July ....................... 501 686 9,975 1,046 52,665 4,962 2,447 104030 5,204 3,608 1,282 3,123 3,870

Aug ....................... 368 656 12,161 983 60,702 6,800 2,729 132,560 4,373 3,655 1,215 2,802 3,149

Sept ...................... 452 659 12891 721 52835 6173 3015 75349 4130 4601 1359 3190 1855

Oct ........................ 504 713 19093 963 68233 8094 3109 138257 4884 3836 1251 3135 -3368

Nov. ...................... 303 776 18568 2359 60073 4772 2639 159844 5053 3798 900 2778 3357

Dec. ...................... 586 677 15062 1291 59042 4785 2226 103705 5450 4056 1454 3024 5147 Fiscal year 

2020 to date ........................ 1,393 2,166 52,723 4,613 187,348 17,651 7,974 401,806 15,387 11,690 3,605 18,052 14,010 

Fiscal year 

or month 

Department of 

State 

(14)

Department of 

Transportation 

(15)

Department 

of the 

Treasury, 

interest on 

Treasury 

debt 

securities 

(gross) 

(16)

Department 

of the 

Treasury, 

other 

(17)

Department of 

Veterans 

Affairs 

(18)

Corps of 

Engineers (19)

Other 

Defense, 

civil 

programs (20)

Environmental 

Protection 

Agency 

(21)

Executive 

Office 

of the 

President 

(22)

General 

Services 

Administration 

(23)

International 

Assistance 

Program 

(24)

 

2015 ................................. 26,494 75,451 402,183 83,447 159,220 6,684 62,966 7,006 392 -889 20,976 

2016 ................................. 29,447 78,421 429,964 96,153 174,019 6,389 64,505 8,729 395 -734 16,242 

2017 ................................. 27,061 79,440 456,953 89,445 176,050 6,452 58,695 8,087 412 -664 18,925 

2018 ................................. 26,386 78,494 521,553 107,894 178,508 5,083 55,367 8,085 383 -590 21,628 

2019 ................................. 28,002 80,716 572,914 116,584 199,571 6,456 60,930 8,064 423 -1,100 23,578 

2019 – Est1 ....................... 25,295 86,561 618,226 108,678 217,506 5,785 62,851 7,028 409 107,034 26,135 

2020 – Est1 ....................... 24,578 87,517 662,889 101,095 234,214 7,922 64,839 6,879 410 106,973 21,875 

2018 – Dec. ...................... 2,038 6,353 97,203 258 16,062 264 5,406 808 33 -307 -449 

2019 – Jan ....................... 1,668 4,377 27,811 5,229 8,614 593 1,747 622 9 656 832 

Feb ....................... 1,412 6,555 28,717 55,820 16,155 608 5,378 914 49 -939 2,095 

Mar ....................... 2,729 4,812 38,938 24,443 13,382 553 5,606 580 28 -137 174 

Apr ........................ 2,221 5,091 46,552 13,195 17,175 547 3,600 560 37 -98 1,806 

May ....................... 2,720 6,400 47,829 11,118 27,120 296 9,039 646 40 132 8,073 

June ...................... 1,485 8,522 102,800 5,989 8,019 524 173 644 26 -175 3,113 

July ....................... 2,013 8,008 40,342 7,860 16,630 457 5,337 602 56 -17 762 

Aug ....................... 2222 8329 39728 9067 24943 683 9356 515 31 71 1693 

Sept ...................... 3226 9403 35975 -29283 9054 519 826 682 37 -465 1532 

Oct ........................ 2251 7470 30319 8903 17595 710 5354 831 33 46 1432 

Nov. ...................... 3377 6493 35643 6937 27152 684 10121 829 33 -54 2346 

Dec. ...................... 2733 6533 94225 9272 17014 785 5360 777 33 -14 -706 Fiscal year 

2020 to date ........................ 8,361 20,496 160,187 25,112 61,761 2,179 20,835 2,437 99 -22 3,072 

See footnotes at end of table 
16 

March 2020 

TABLE FFO-3—On-Budget and Off-Budget Outlays by Agency, continued 

[In millions of dollars. Source: “Monthly Treasury Statement of Receipts and Outlays of the United States Government”] 

Undistributed offsetting receipts 

Fiscal year 

or month 

National 

Aeronautics 

and 

Space 

Administration 

(25) 

National 

Science 

Foundation 

(26) 

Office of 

Personnel 

Management 

(27) 

Small 

Business 

Administration 

(28) 

Social 

Security 

Administration 

(29) 

Independent 

agencies 

(30) 

Employer 

share, 

employee 

retirement 

(31) 

Interest 

received 

by trust 

funds 

(32) 

Rents 

and 

royalties 

on the 

Outer 

Continental Shelf 

lands 

(33) 

Other 

(34) 

Total outlays 

Onbudget 

(35) 

 Offbudget 

 (36) 

 

2015 .................. 18,272 6,836 91,736 -747 944,144 13,575 -81,120 -141,791 -4,555 -30,128 2,944,526 743,097 

2016 .................. 18,828 6,904 91,318 -444 976,783 13,160 -84,030 -146,118 -2,783 -8,436 3,077,747 776,354 

2017 .................. 18,698 7,213 95,462 439 1,000,812 11,658 -84,970 -147,057 -3,106 -1,750 3,179,518 801,202 

2018 .................. 19,756 7,167 98,803 44 1,039,903 7,770 -87,382 -150,151 -4,594 -5,896 3,259,170 848,573 

2019 .................. 20,180 7,253 103,138 456 1,101,833 19,609 -90,811 -149,605 -6,225 -1,156 3,539,965 906,617 

 

2019 – Est1 ........ 23,289 7,394 - 796 1,156,311 20,057 -102,699 -143,957 -5,327 -5,629 3,714,389 962,568 

2020 – Est1 ........ 22,922 7,723 - 682 1,215,870 21,935 -96,661 -143,481 -5,275 -1,003 3,828,794 1,020,243 

 

2018 - Dec ....... 1,992 601 7,746 131 88,752 -189 -6,224 -61,702 -389 - 284,536 41,588 

2019 - Jan ......... 878 461 9,378 90 86,767 2,899 -5,632 -130 -448 - 256,094 75,203 

Feb ........ 1,899 653 8,044 112 91,568 1,739 -6,114 -2,054 -789 -1,155 316,103 85,140 

Mar ........ 1,478 509 8,414 -640 92,049 28 -6,383 -1,395 -100 - 290,479 85,278 

 Apr ........ 1,548 518 9,374 87 92,350 1,409 -6,131 -6,213 -713 - 299,230 76,011 

May ....... 1,844 589 ,8388 98 97,224 3,597 -6,800 -5,159 -614 - 352,744 87,089 

June ...... 1,611 616 8,263 80 92,993 -2,739 -6,191 -62,360 -272 - 292,170 50,259 

 July ........ 1,654 693 8,937 103 92,782 2,626 -6,678 -3,697 -827 - 293,461 77,582 

Aug ........ 1,775 785 8,424 99 97,400 1,680 -6,265 -4,307 -70 - 342,318 85,991 

Sept ....... 2,007 694 8,901 85 88,658 412 -6,375 -1,379 -476 -1 205,011 86,249 

Oct. ........ 1,715 679 9,587 81 93,682 3,159 -22,480 3,223 -441 - 300,962 79,026 

Nov. ....... 1,793 595 8,470 81 98,202 3,368 -7,025 -2,183 -295 - 345,901 88,122 

Dec. ....... 2,346 549 8,102 104 93,173 1,014 -7,112 -59,103 -672 - 302,051 47,026 

Fiscal year 

2020 to date ....... 5,854 1,823 26,159 266 285,057 7,541 -3,6617 -58,063 -1,408 - 948,914 463,996 

 Note: Detail may not add to total due to rounding. 

1 These estimates are based on the President's FY 2019 Budget, released by the Office of Management and 

Budget on July 13, 2018.
17 

March 2020 

TABLE FFO-4—Summary of U.S. Government Receipts by Source and Outlays by Agency, 

December 2019 and Other Periods 

[In millions of dollars. Source: Bureau of the Fiscal Service] 

This fiscal year to date Prior fiscal year to date 

Classification 

General 

funds 

(1) 

Management, 

consolidated, 

revolving and 

special funds 

(2) 

Trust 

funds 

(3) 

 Total 

 funds 

 (4) 

 General 

 funds 

 (5) 

Management, 

consolidated, 

revolving and 

special funds 

(6) 

Trust 

funds 

(7) 

Total 

funds 

(8) 

Budget receipts: 

Individual income taxes ............................................... 384,803 56 - 384,858 372,775 20 - 372,794

Corporation income taxes ........................................... 65,414 - - 65,414 53,109 - - 53,109

Social insurance and retirement receipts: --- - --- -

Employment and general retirement (off-budget) ... - - 210,098 210,098 - - 197,987 197,987

Employment and general retirement (on-budget) ... -45 - 72,671 72,626 18 - 69,002 69,020

Unemployment insurance ....................................... 2 - 5,599 5,601 12 - 5,871 5,883

Other retirement ...................................................... - - 1,323 1,323 - - 1,227 1,227

Excise taxes ................................................................ 7,046 305 13,216 20,567 16,768 290 12,371 29,429

Estate and gift taxes ................................................... 4,627 - - 4,627 5,033 - - 5,033

Customs duties ........................................................... 14,129 6,625 393 21,147 11,940 5,433 454 17,827

Miscellaneous receipts ................................................ 15,747 4,339 164 20,250 14,244 4,434 250 18,927

Total receipts ....................................................... 491,723 11,324 303,464 806,512 473,900 10,176 287,161 771,237

(On-budget) ..................................................... 491,723 11,324 93,366 596,414 473,900 10,176 89,174 573,250

(Off-budget) ..................................................... - - 210,098 210,098 - - 197,987 197,987

Budget outlays: Legislative branch ....................................................... 1,379 19 -4 1,394 1,277 4 -4 1,278

Judicial branch ............................................................ 2,104 263 -201 2,166 1,852 237 -11 2,077

Department of Agriculture ........................................... 31,260 21,470 -5 52,725 30,887 19,774 * 50,660

Department of Commerce ........................................... 3,269 1,297 47 4,613 2,297 1,484 2 3,783

Department of Defense-military .................................. 184,761 2,541 46 187,348 168,508 3,376 50 171,933

Department of Education ............................................ 17,676 -24 * 17,651 17,012 -29 * 16,983

Department of Energy ................................................. 8,668 -694 * 7,974 7,053 -432 * 6,622

Department of Health and Human Services ............... 226,874 3,110 79,356 309,340 211,532 3,636 73,859 289,027

Department of Homeland Security .............................. 15,629 -272 30 15,387 16,420 71 36 16,527

Department of Housing and Urban Development....... 11,647 -11 54 11,690 11,432 -52 20 11,400

Department of the Interior ........................................... 3,140 376 102 3,618 2,837 732 102 3,671

Department of Justice ................................................. 8,141 847 -50 8,937 6,383 2,441 14 8,838

Department of Labor ................................................... 1,862 -4,042 7,316 5,136 1,175 -3,279 7,268 5,164

Department of State .................................................... 8,100 301 -39 8,362 8,220 -132 217 8,305

Department of Transportation ..................................... 1,680 112 18,703 20,496 2,171 104 16,944 19,220

Department of the Treasury: --- - --- -

Interest on the public debt ........................................... 160,187 - - 160,187 164,221 - - 164,221

Other ....................................................................... 25,209 -120 22 25,111 13,604 -466 8 13,146

Department of Veterans Affairs .............................. 62,849 -1,230 141 61,761 59,178 -863 166 58,481

Corps of Engineers ..................................................... 2,115 28 36 2,179 1,666 36 -26 1,676

Other defense civil programs ...................................... 98,562 -6,045 -71,683 20,835 93,788 -5,473 -68,447 19,868

Environmental Protection Agency ............................... 2,439 -4 1 2,437 2,251 -2 51 2,299

Executive Office of the President ................................ 96 * 3 99 109 * 1 110

General Services Administration ................................ 39 -65 - -26 45 -172 - -127

International Assistance Program ............................... 6,753 12 -3,694 3,071 6,859 -30 -3,330 3,498

National Aeronautics and Space Administration ........ 5,808 45 * 5,854 5,464 22 * 5,486

National Science Foundation ...................................... 1,785 33 5 1,823 1,697 34 4 1,735

Office of Personnel Management ............................... 3,374 391 22,393 26,159 3,631 -252 21,635 25,015

Small Business Administration ................................... 263 4 - 267 339 3 - 342

Social Security Administration .................................... 27,934 * 257,122 285,056 27,356 * 242,687 270,043

Other independent agencies ....................................... 3,783 1,914 1,843 7,540 3,519 379 4,060 7,958

Undistributed offsetting receipts: --- - --- - Interest ........................................................................ - - -58,063 -58,063 - - -62,912 -62,912

Other ....................................................................... -1,235 -8,224 -28,566 -38,025 -1,392 -8,287 -26,480 -36,159

Total outlays ............................................................ 926,151 12,036 224,917 1,163,103 871,389 12,866 205,915 1,090,170

(On-budget) ......................................................... 926,092 11,393 11,443 948,928 871,330 12,396 8,629 892,355

(Off-budget) ..................................................... 59 642 213,474 214,175 58 471 197,286 197,815

Surplus or deficit (-) ......................................... -434,427 -711 78,547 -356,592 -397,489 -2,691 81,246 -318,933

(On-budget) ......................................................... -434,369 -69 81,923 -352,514 -397,431 -2,220 80,545 -319,105

(Off-budget) ..................................................... -59 -642 -3,376 -4,077 -58 -471 701 172

-No Transactions 

* Less than $500,000 

Note.—Detail may not add to totals due to rounding 
March 2020 

18 

INTRODUCTION: Federal Debt 

Treasury securities (i.e., public debt securities) comprise 

most of the Federal debt, with securities issued by other 

Federal agencies accounting for the rest. Tables in this 

section of the “Treasury Bulletin” reflect the total. Further 

detailed information is published in the “Monthly Statement 

of the Public Debt of the United States.” Likewise, 

information on agency securities and on investments of 

Federal Government accounts in Federal securities is 

published in the “Monthly Treasury Statement of Receipts 

and Outlays of the United States Government.” 

Treasury’s Bureau of the Fiscal Service compiles data in 

the “Treasury Bulletin” tables FD-2 and FD-6 from the 

“Monthly Statement of the Public Debt of the United 

States.” 

 Table FD-1 summarizes the Federal debt by listing 

public debt and agency securities held by the public, 

including the Federal Reserve. It also includes debt held by 

Federal agencies, largely by the Social Security and other 

Federal retirement trust funds. The net unamortized 

premium and discount also are listed by total Federal 

securities, securities held by Government accounts and 

securities held by the public. The difference between the 

outstanding face value of the Federal debt and the net 

unamortized premium and discount is classified as the 

accrual amount. (For greater detail on holdings of Federal 

securities by particular classes of investors, see the 

ownership tables, OFS-1 and OFS-2.) 

 Table FD-2 categorizes by type, that is, marketable 

and nonmarketable, the total public debt securities 

outstanding that are held by the public. 

 In table FD-3, nonmarketable Treasury securities 

held by U.S. Government accounts are summarized by 

issues to particular funds within Government. Many of the 

funds invest in par value special series nonmarketables at 

interest rates determined by law. Others invest in marketbased special Treasury securities whose terms mirror those 

of marketable securities. 

 Table FD-4 presents interest-bearing securities 

issued by Government agencies. Federal agency borrowing 

has declined in recent years, in part because the Federal 

Financing Bank has provided financing to other Federal 

agencies. (Federal agency borrowing from Treasury is 

presented in the “Monthly Treasury Statement of Receipts 

and Outlays of the United States Government.”) 

 Table FD-5 illustrates the average length of 

marketable interest-bearing public debt held by private 

investors and the maturity distribution of that debt. 

In March 1971, Congress enacted a limited exception to 

the amount of bonds with rates greater than 4-1/4 percent 

that could be held by the public. This permitted Treasury to 

offer securities maturing in more than 7 years at current 

market interest rates for the first time since 1965. In March 

1976, the definition of a bond was changed to include those 

securities longer than 10 years to maturity. This exception 

has expanded since 1971, authorizing Treasury to continue 

to issue long-term securities. The ceiling on Treasury bonds 

was repealed on November 10, 1988. 

The volume of privately held Treasury marketable 

securities by maturity class reflects the remaining period to 

maturity of Treasury bills, notes and bonds. The average 

length is comprised of an average of remaining periods to 

maturity, weighted by the amount of each security held by 

private investors. In other words, computations of average 

length exclude Government accounts and the FRBs. 

 In table FD-6, the debt ceiling is compared with the 

outstanding debt subject to limitation by law. The other debt 

category includes Federal debt Congress has designated as 

being subject to the debt ceiling. 

 Table FD-7 details Treasury holdings of securities 

issued by Government corporations and other agencies. 

Certain Federal agencies are authorized to borrow money 

from the Treasury, largely to finance direct loan programs. 

In addition, agencies such as the Bonneville Power 

Administration are authorized to borrow from the Treasury 

to finance capital projects. Treasury, in turn, finances these 

loans by selling Treasury securities to the public. 
FEDERAL DEBT 

March 2020 

19 

TABLE FD-1—Summary of Federal Debt

[In millions of dollars. Source: “Monthly Treasury Statement of Receipts and Outlays of the United States Government”] 

End of fiscal 

year or month 

Amount outstanding 

Securities held by 

Government accounts The public 

Total 

(1) 

Public debt 

securities 

(2) 

Agency 

securities 

(3) 

Total 

(4) 

Public debt 

securities 

(5) 

Agency 

securities 

(6) 

Total 

(7) 

Public debt 

securities 

(8) 

Agency 

securities 

(9) 

2015 ............................... 18,174,718 18,150,618 24,100 5,026,867 5,026,862 5 13,147,851 13,123,756 24,095 

2016 ............................... 19,597,812 19,573,445 24,367 5,395,699 5,395,695 4 14,202,113 14,177,750 24,363 

2017 ............................... 20,269,269 20,244,900 24,369 5,563,074 5,563,073 1 14,706,195 14,681,827 24,368 

2018 ............................... 21,538,880 21,516,058 22,822 5,737,252 5,737,252 - 15,801,628 15,778,806 22,822 

2019 ............................... 22,740,857 22719402 21,455 5,893,424 5,893,424 - 16,847,433 16,825,978 21,455 

2018 - Dec. .................... 21,997,036 21,974,096 22,940 5,853,354 5,853,354 - 16,143,682 16,120,742 22,940 

2019 - Jan ...................... 22,005,220 21,982,423 22,797 5,862,428 5,862,428 - 16,142,792 16,119,995 22,797 

Feb ..................... 22,138,026 22,115,526 22,500 5,845,051 5,845,051 - 16,292,975 16,270,475 22,500 

Mar ..................... 22,050,081 22,027,880 22,201 5,804,029 5,804,029 - 16,246,052 16,223,851 22,201 

 Apr ..................... 22,049,873 22,027,668 22,205 5,816,978 5,816,978 - 16,232,895 16,210,690 22,205 

May .................... 22,048,574 22,026,424 22,150 5,806,506 5,806,506 - 16,242,068 16,219,918 22,150 

June ................... 22,045,280 22,023,283 21,997 5,818,564 5,818,564 - 16,226,716 16,204,719 21,997 

 July .................... 22,044,255 22,022,369 21,886 5,795,177 5,795,177 - 16,249,078 16,227,192 21,886 

Aug ..................... 22,482,155 22,460,467 21,688 5,847,510 5,847,510 - 16,634,645 16,612,957 21,688 

Sept .................... 22,740,857 22,719,402 21,455 5,893,424 5,893,424 - 16,847,433 16,825,978 21,455 

Oct. .................... 23,029,685 23,008,410 21,275 6,010,478 6,010,478 - 17,019,207 16,997,932 21,275 

Nov. .................... 23,097,400 23,076,199 21,201 5,953,691 5,953,691 - 17,143,709 17,122,508 21,201 

Dec. .................... 23,222,591 23,201,380 21,211 6,013,988 6,013,988 - 17,208,603 17,187,392 21,211 

End of fiscal 

year or month 

Federal debt securities Securities held by Government accounts Securities held by the public 

Amount 

outstanding 

face value 

(10) 

Net 

unamortized 

premium 

and discount 

 (11) 

Accrual 

 amount 

(12) 

Amount 

outstanding 

face value 

(13) 

Net 

unamortized 

premium 

and discount 

(14) 

Accrual 

amount 

(15) 

Amount 

outstanding 

face value 

(16) 

Net 

unamortized 

premium 

and discount 

(17) 

Accrual 

amount 

(18) 

2015 ............................... 18,174,718 56,852 18,117,866 5,026,867 25,603 5,001,264 13,147,851 31,249 13,116,602 

2016 ............................... 19,597,812 60,393 19,537,417 5,395,699 26,706 5,368,993 14,202,113 33,687 14,168,425 

2017 ............................... 20,269,269 65,378 20,203,891 5,563,074 25,909 5,537,165 14,706,195 39,469 14,666,725 

2018 ............................... 21,538,880 78,187 21,460,692 5,737,252 27,744 5,709,509 15,801,628 50,443 15,751,183 

2019 ............................... 22,740,857 72,840 22,668,015 5,893,424 28,201 5,865,224 16,847,433 44,639 16,802,792 

2018 - Dec. .................... 21,997,036 82,484 21,914,550 5,853,354 29,616 5,823,738 16,143,682 52,868 16,090,812 

2019 - Jan ...................... 22,005,220 81,028 21,924,191 5,862,428 29,152 5,833,276 16,142,792 51,876 16,090,915 

Feb ..................... 22,138,026 81,940 22,056,085 5,845,051 29,494 5,815,557 16,292,975 52,446 16,240,529 

Mar ..................... 22,050,081 80,387 21,969,694 5,804,029 28,933 5,775,097 16,246,052 51,454 16,194,597 

 Apr ..................... 22,049,873 79,194 21,970,679 5,816,978 28,703 5,788,276 16,232,895 50,491 16,182,403 

May .................... 22,048,574 79,389 21,969,184 5,806,506 29,223 5,777,284 16,242,068 50,166 16,191,900 

June ................... 22,045,280 76,241 21,969,038 5,818,564 29,089 5,789,475 16,226,716 47,152 16,179,563 

 July ..................... 22,044,255 73,988 21,970,265 5,795,177 28,897 5,766,279 16,249,078 45,091 16,203,986 

Aug ..................... 22,482,155 73,196 22,408,957 5,847,510 28,725 5,818,785 16,634,645 44,471 16,590,173 

Sept .................... 22,740,857 72,840 22,668,015 5,893,424 28,201 5,865,224 16,847,433 44,639 16,807,792 

Oct. ..................... 23,029,685 84,625 22,945,058 6,010,478 28,048 5,982,431 17,019,207 56,577 16,962,628 

Nov. .................... 23,097,400 83,469 23,013,930 5,953,691 27,851 5,925,840 17,143,709 55,618 17,088,090 

Dec. .................... 23,222,591 82,471 23,140,119 6,013,988 27,727 5,986,261 17,208,603 54,744 17,153,857 
FEDERAL DEBT 

March 2020

20

Nonmarketable, continued

End of fiscal 

year or month 

U.S. savings 

securities 

(9) 

Depositary 

compensation 

securities 

(10) 

Foreign 

series 

(11) 

Government 

account series 

(12) 

State and local 

government 

series 

(13) 

Domestic 

series 

(14) 

Other 

(15) 

2015 .......................... 172,826 - 264 9,138 78,115 29,995 1,642

2016 .......................... 167,524 - 264 226,349 109,211 29,995 1,777

2017 .......................... 161,705 - 264 223,787 80,359 29,995 1,641

2018 .......................... 156,809 - 264 250,680 71,753 29,995 1,575

2019 .......................... 152,355 - 264 248,052 53,809 29,995 1,981

2018 - Dec. ............... 155,795 - 264 258,083 66,197 29,995 1,660

2019 - Jan ................. 155,254 - 264 261,183 61,438 29,995 1,634

Feb ................ 154,933 - 264 262,304 61,179 29,995 1,623

Mar ................ 154,533 - 264 45,624 61,975 29,995 1,635

 Apr ................ 154,146 - 264 94,942 58,030 29,995 1,755

May ............... 153,752 - 264 49,279 52,845 29,995 1,756

June .............. 153,407 - 264 48,751 47,865 29,995 1,806

 July ................ 153,029 - 264 38,352 43,643 29,995 1,827

Aug ................ 152,642 - 264 244,960 44,786 29,995 1,859

Sept ............... 152,355 - 264 248,052 53,809 29,995 1,981

Oct. ................ 152,088 - 264 249,394 62,591 25,473 2,040

Nov. ............... 151,842 - 264 253,800 68,865 25,473 1,999

Dec. ............... 151,347 - 264 255,668 77,752 25,473 2,045

TABLE FD-2—Debt Held by the Public

[In millions of dollars. Source: “Monthly Statement of the Public Debt of the United States”] 

End of fiscal 

year or month 

Total public 

debt securities 

outstanding 

(1) 

Marketable 

Nonmarketable 

Total 

(8) 

Total 

(2) 

 Bills 

 (3) 

Notes 

(4) 

Bonds 

(5) 

Treasury 

inflationprotected 

securities 

(6) 

Floating 

rate 

 notes 

(7) 

2015 .......................... 13,123,847 12,831,867 1,355,231 8,366,026 1,688,208 1,135,363 287,039 291,980 

2016 .......................... 14,173,424 13,638,303 1,644,759 8,624,253 1,825,338 1,209,814 334,139 535,120 

2017 .......................... 14,673,429 14,175,677 1,799,570 8,798,940 1,948,414 1,286,124 342,630 497,752 

2018 .......................... 15,761,155 15,250,078 2,239,473 9,150,301 2,114,982 1,376,180 369,142 511,077 

2019 .......................... 16,809,092 16,322,637 2,376,370 9,755,985 2,311,517 1,454,698 424,067 486,455 

2018 - Dec................. 16,101,667 15,589,671 2,339,374 9,292,753 2,161,472 1,412,256 383,815 511,995 

2019 - Jan ................. 16,101,227 15,591,458 2,298,360 9,351,632 2,177,715 1,403,461 360,290 509,769 

Feb ................ 16,250,898 15,740,600 2,395,382 9,371,585 2,187,909 1,407,439 378,285 510,298 

Mar ................ 16,204,392 15,910,365 2,479,407 9,410,162 2,203,850 1,420,671 396,275 294,027 

 Apr................. 16,192,789 15,853,656 2,383,330 9,485,849 2,222,584 1,389,990 371,903 339,133 

May ............... 16,202,283 15,914,391 2,353,292 9,511,363 2,247,949 1,409,990 391,797 287,892 

June .............. 16,188,422 15,906,333 2,250,354 9,548,047 2,266,020 1,432,115 409,798 282,089 

 July ................ 16,211,185 15,944,073 2,205,307 9,636,337 2,282,191 1,432,181 388,058 267,112 

Aug ................ 16,596,816 16,122,309 2,331,300 9,650,801 2,294,496 1,439,650 406,062 474,507 

Sept ............... 16,809,092 16,322,637 2,376,370 9,755,985 2,311,517 1,454,698 424,067 486,455 

Oct. ................ 16,981,311 16,489,460 2,455,312 9,826,407 2,329,496 1,473,489 404,755 491,851 

Nov. ............... 17,105,421 16,603,177 2,514,687 9,821,958 2,357,221 1,486,555 422,756 502,243 

Dec. ............... 17,170,442 16,657,894 2,416,417 9,920,786 2,373,513 1,506,394 440,783 512,549 
FEDERAL DEBT 

March 2020 

21 

End of fiscal 

year or month 

Federal 

Old-Age and 

Survivors 

Insurance 

Trust Fund 

(10) 

Federal 

Savings 

and Loan 

Corporation, 

Resolution 

Fund 

(11) 

Federal 

Supplementary 

Medical 

Insurance 

Trust Fund 

(12) 

Highway 

Trust 

Fund 

(13) 

National 

Service Life 

Insurance 

Fund 

(14) 

Postal 

Service 

Fund 

(15) 

Railroad 

Retirement 

Account 

(16) 

Unemployment 

Trust 

Fund 

(17) 

Other 

(18) 

2015 ..................... 2,766,649 828 66,128 7,667 4,903 7,163 874 44,368 1,003,215

2016 ..................... 2,796,712 828 63,336 64,629 4,246 8,527 685 53,776 1,309,888

2017 ..................... 2,820,200 839 70,589 52,332 3,604 10,965 419 60,711 1,381,004

2018 ..................... 2,801,254 852 98,197 41,212 3,015 10,493 612 72,576 1,516,817

2019 ..................... 2,804,396 872 104,716 28,192 2,456 9,341 698 84,361 1,612,815

2018 - Dec. .......... 2,797,974 857 104,159 37,649 2,901 9,918 387 72,164 1,633,615

2019 - Jan ............ 2,806,515 859 107,463 37,807 2,850 10,608 583 70,038 1,635,344

Feb ........... 2,794,748 861 110,773 37,736 2,796 8,461 676 70,989 1,636,819

Mar ........... 2,789,289 862 110,133 37,778 2,731 8,830 666 68,357 1,419,657

 Apr ........... 2,805,586 864 112,260 38,418 2,670 9,643 754 69,311 1,473,810

May .......... 2,794,787 866 85,660 37,047 2,611 8,588 738 84,580 1,424,372

June ......... 2,833,813 868 105,918 35,824 2,612 8,676 537 83,776 1,428,424

 July ........... 2,826,907 869 105,837 34,556 2,554 8,530 656 82,780 1,416,975

Aug ........... 2,812,668 871 87,227 31,168 2,512 8,992 579 86,140 1,622,554

Sept .......... 2,804,396 872 104,716 28,192 2,456 9,341 698 84,361 1,612,815

Oct. ........... 2,792,768 875 108,825 26,284 2,407 8,864 621 83,392 1,753,441

Nov. .......... 2,776,958 876 89,164 25,404 2,358 7,987 431 85,343 1,757,615

Dec. .......... 2,804,355 878 108,069 25,225 2,362 8,774 436 83,826 1,746,515

Note—Detail may not add to totals due to rounding. 

TABLE FD-3—Government Account Series

[In millions of dollars. Source: “Monthly Statement of the Public Debt of the United States”] 

End of fiscal 

year or month 

Total 

(1) 

Airport and 

Airway 

Trust Fund 

(2) 

Deposit 

Insurance 

Fund 

(3) 

Employees 

Life 

Insurance 

Fund 

(4) 

Exchange 

Stabilization 

Fund 

(5) 

Federal 

Disability 

Insurance 

Trust Fund 

(6) 

Federal 

employees 

retirement 

funds 

(7) 

Federal 

Hospital 

Insurance 

Trust Fund 

(8) 

Federal 

Housing 

Administration 

(9) 

2015 .................. 5,013,530 12,716 60,096 43,958 20,773 41,638 737,096 195,458 - 

2016 .................. 5,604,069 13,400 71,524 45,167 22,680 45,880 874,141 192,209 36,441 

2017 .................. 5,771,144 13,404 78,486 45,680 22,090 69,669 912,438 197,835 30,879 

2018 .................. 5,977,617 14,212 94,431 46,616 22,311 93,401 931,838 202,805 26,975 

2019 .................. 6,133,658 15,018 104,015 48,199 22,622 96,520 950,211 198,625 50,601 

2018 - Dec. ....... 6,101,877 15,117 99,339 46,805 22,399 97,201 932,693 200,116 28,583 

2019 - Jan ......... 6,113,990 14,817 99,302 46,842 22,445 99,035 927,196 205,557 26,729 

Feb ........ 6,097,856 15,219 99,553 47,530 22,435 97,494 923,064 199,611 29,091 

Mar ........ 5,840,580 15,220 101,002 47,535 22,480 96,856 894,471 195,317 29,396 

 Apr ........ 5,902,566 15,407 101,662 47,535 22,528 99,655 894,422 208,041 - 

May ....... 5,846,560 15,620 101,776 47,555 22,519 98,158 887,071 186,892 47,720 

June ...... 5,859,045 16,149 101,584 47,578 22,558 101,029 815,093 206,307 48,299 

 July ........ 5,825,469 16,073 102,729 47,624 22,603 99,379 807,540 200,956 48,901 

Aug ........ 6,084,613 15,468 101,846 48,142 22,583 97,511 911,025 185,480 49,847 

Sept ....... 6,133,658 15,018 104,015 48,199 22,622 96,520 950,211 198,625 50,601 

Oct. ........ 6,251,829 14,927 103,614 48,213 22,657 94,144 945,609 193,875 51,313 

Nov. ....... 6,200,010 15,085 98,691 48,334 22,633 92,267 942,179 182,772 51,913 

Dec. ....... 6,262,363 15,355 104,429 48,399 22,664 93,138 951,540 193,967 52,431 
FEDERAL DEBT 

March 2020

22

TABLE FD-4—Interest-Bearing Securities Issued by Government Agencies

[In millions of dollars. Source: “Monthly Treasury Statement of Receipts and Outlays of the United States Government”] 

End of fiscal 

year or month 

Total 

outstanding 

(1) 

Department of 

Housing and 

Urban 

Development 

Federal Housing 

Administration 

(2) 

Architect 

of the 

Capitol 

(3) 

Other 

independent 

Tennessee 

Valley Authority 

(4) 

National Archives 

and Records 

Administration 

(5) 

Other/Federal 

Communications 

Commission 

(6) 

2015 ........................... 24,100 19 107 23,878 96 *

2016 ........................... 24,367 19 98 24,175 75 *

2017 ........................... 24,369 19 89 24,209 52 *

2018 ........................... 22,822 19 80 22,696 27 *

2019 ........................... 21,455 19 69 21,367 * *

2018 - Dec. ................ 22,940 19 81 22,813 27 *

2019 - Jan .................. 22,797 19 82 22,670 27 *

Feb ................. 22,500 19 74 22,394 14 *

Mar ................. 22,201 19 75 22,094 14 *

 Apr ................. 22,205 19 75 22,097 14 *

May ................ 22,150 19 76 22,042 14 *

June ............... 21,997 19 75 21,890 14 *

 July ................. 21,886 19 77 21,777 14 *

Aug ................. 21,688 19 69 21,601 * *

Sept ................ 21,455 19 69 21,367 * *

Oct. ................. 21,275 19 70 21,187 * *

Nov. ................ 21,201 19 70 21,113 * *

Dec. ................ 21,211 19 71 21,122 * *

Note—Detail may not add to totals due to rounding. * Less than $500,000. 
FEDERAL DEBT 

March 2020 

23 

TABLE FD-5—Maturity Distribution and Average Length of Marketable 

Interest-Bearing Public Debt Held by Private Investors

[In millions of dollars. Source: Office of Debt Management, Office of the Under Secretary for Domestic Finance] 

End of fiscal 

year or month 

Amount 

outstanding 

privately held 

(1) 

Maturity classes 

Within

1 year 

(2) 

1-5 

years 

(3) 

5-10 

years 

(4) 

10-20

years 

(5) 

 20 years 

 or more 

 (6) 

Average length 

(months) 

(7) 

2015 ............................... 10,379,413 2,922,734 4,356,051 2,084,293 184,306 832,030 61 

2016 ............................... 11,184,046 3,321,283 4,478,458 2,219,048 167,666 997,590 63 

2017 ............................... 11,642,870 3,263,065 4,746,209 2,320,739 151,686 1,161,170 66 

2018 ............................... 12,880,947 3,794,461 5,181,488 2,444,652 121,319 1,339,027 65 

2019 ............................... 14,225,142 4,147,209 5,821,560 2,625,077 104,901 1,526,394 65 

2018 - Dec. ..................... 13,385,360 3,927,279 5,426,079 2,524,238 113,097 1,394,666 64 

2019 - Jan ...................... 13,403,618 3,899,283 5,461,802 2,535,614 96,751 1,410,168 65 

Feb ..................... 13,583,882 4,013,313 5,521,894 2,521,411 103,143 1,424,121 65 

Mar ..................... 13,681,505 4,108,702 5,500,058 2,529,183 103,183 1,440,379 64 

 Apr ...................... 13,746,594 4,045,610 5,549,483 2,608,424 86,014 1,457,062 65

May ..................... 13,821,207 4,037,791 5,631,335 2,589,055 97,685 1,465,341 65 

June .................... 13,739,980 3,948,429 5,623,904 2,587,748 97,719 1,482,180 66 

 July ..................... 13,878,573 3,947,861 5,715,596 2,618,804 97,735 1,498,577 66 

Aug ..................... 13,966,170 4,094,512 5,699,342 2,554,760 105,240 1,512,317 66 

Sept .................... 14,225,142 4,147,209 5,821,560 2,625,077 104,901 1,526,394 65 

Oct. ..................... 14,329,755 4,218,925 5,818,033 2,649,408 104,887 1,538,503 65 

Nov. .................... 14,287,972 4,253,343 5,788,593 2,585,783 118,194 1,542,059 65 

Dec. .................... 14,344,337 4,105,461 5,922,961 2,643,163 118,184 1,554,568 66 

Note—Detail may not add to totals due to rounding. 
FEDERAL DEBT 

March 2020

24

TABLE FD-6—Debt Subject to Statutory Limit

[In millions of dollars. Source: “Monthly Statement of the Public Debt of the United States”] 

End of fiscal 

year or month 

Statutory debt 

limit 

(1) 

Debt subject to limit Securities outstanding Securities 

 not subject 

 to limit 

 (7) 

Total 

(2) 

Public debt 

(3) 

Other debt 1 

(4) 

Public debt 

(5) 

Other debt 

(6) 

2015 ....................................... 18,113,000 18,112,975 18,112,975 - 18,150,618 - 37,643 

2016 ....................................... - 19,538,456 19,538,456 - 19,573,445 - 34,989 

2017 ....................................... 19,808,772 20,208,638 20,208,638 - 20,244,900 - 36,262 

2018 ....................................... - 21,474,848 21,474,848 - 21,516,058 - 41,209 

2019 ....................................... - 22,686,617 22,686,617 - 22,719,402 - 32,785 

2018 - Dec. ............................. - 21,933,738 21,933,738 - 21,974,096 - 40,358 

2019 - Jan .............................. - 21,941,179 21,941,179 - 21,982,423 - 41,244 

Feb ............................. - 22,074,156 22,074,156 - 22,115,526 - 41,371 

Mar ............................. 21,987,706 21,987,681 21,987,681 - 22,027,880 - 40,200 

 Apr .............................. 21,987,706 21,987,681 21,987,681 - 22,027,668 - 39,988 

May ............................. 21,987,706 21,987,681 21,987,681 - 22,026,424 - 38,743 

June ............................ 21,987,706 21,987,681 21,987,681 - 22,023,283 - 35,602 

 July........................ 21,987,706 21,987,681 21,987,681 - 22,022,369 - 34,688 

 Aug ............................ - 22,427,545 22,427,545 - 22,460,467 - 32,922 

Sept ............................ - 22,686,617 22,686,617 - 22,719,402 - 32,785 

 Oct. ............................ - 22,961,750 22,961,750 - 23,008,410 - 46,659 

Nov. ............................ - 23,030,572 23,030,572 - 23,076,199 - 45,627 

Dec. ............................ - 23,155,700 23,155,700 - 23,201,380 - 45,680 

(1)Pursuant to 31 U.S.C. 3101(b). By the Bipartisan Budget Act of 2015, Public Law 114-74. the 

Statutory Debt Limit has been suspended through March 15, 2017. The Statutory Debt Limit in 31 

U.S.C. 3101(b) was permanently increased effective March 16, 2017 to $19,808,772,381,624.74.

(2)Pursuant to 31 U.S.C. 3101(b). By the The Continuing Appropriations Act, 2018 and 

Supplemental Appropriations for the Disaster Relief Requirements Act 2017, Public Law 115-56, 

the Statutory Debt Limit was suspended through December 8, 2017.

(3)Pursuant to 31 U.S.C. 3101(b). By the The Continuing Appropriations Act, 2018 

and Supplemental Appropriations for the Disaster Relief Requirements Act 

2017,Public Law 115-56, the Statutory Debt Limit was suspended through 

December 8, 2017. The Statutory Debt Limit in 31 U.S.C. 3101(b) was permanently 

increased effective December 9, 2017, to $20,455,999,906,400.12

(4)Pursuant to 31 U.S.C. 3101(b). By the The Continuing Appropriations Act, 2018 

and Bipartisan Budget Act, 2018, Public Law 115-119, the Statutory Debt Limit was 

suspended through March 1, 2019. 
FEDERAL DEBT 

March 2020 

25 

TABLE FD-7—Treasury Holdings of Securities Issued 

by Government Corporations and Other Agencies

[In millions of dollars. Source: “Monthly Treasury Statement of Receipts and Outlays of the United States Government”] 

End of fiscal 

year or month 

Total 

(1) 

Department of Agriculture 

Farm-Service 

Agency 

(2) 

Rural Utilities 

Service 

(3) 

Rural Housing 

and Community 

Development 

Service 

(4) 

Rural Business 

and Cooperative 

Development 

Service 

(5) 

Foreign 

Agricultural 

Service 

(6) 

2015 ...................................... 1,306,402 19,261 26,261 23,057 626 688

2016 ...................................... 1,389,173 25,620 24,585 24,130 654 636

2017 ...................................... 1,442,633 19,810 21,940 26,992 645 601

2018 ...................................... 1,512,469 23,005 19,325 26,797 583 453

2019 ...................................... 1,570,919 39,017 21,473 29,605 660 432

2018 - Dec. ........................... 1,595,896 30,276 19,639 27,302 591 453

2019 - Jan ............................. 1,603,858 36,297 19,658 27,359 591 453

Feb ............................ 1,605,765 33,357 20,016 27,920 611 453

Mar ............................ 1,606,124 31,653 19,900 27,913 566 453

 Apr ............................ 1,621,331 32,077 19,959 28,216 571 453

May ........................... 1,634,029 32,207 20,041 28,215 575 453

June .......................... 1,632,530 33,759 20,098 28,450 578 453

 July ............................ 1,633,877 33,414 20,551 28,450 578 453

Aug ............................ 1,623,098 35,815 21,362 29,354 633 431

Sept ........................... 1,570,919 39,017 21,473 29,605 660 432

Oct. ............................ 1,604,873 24,801 21,591 29,783 664 432

Nov. ........................... 1,614,629 34,384 21,716 30,048 666 432

Dec. ........................... 1,619,796 37,700 21,886 30,203 669 432

Department 

of Energy 

Department of Housing 

and Urban Development 

Department 

of the Treasury 

End of fiscal 

year or month 

Department of 

Education 

(7) 

Bonneville Power 

Administration 

(8) 

Federal Housing 

Administration 

(9) 

Other Housing 

programs 

(10) 

Federal 

Financing Bank 

(11) 

2015 ...................................... 1,050,374 4,649 26,921 127 58,050

2016 ...................................... 1,126,370 4,759 30,318 128 59,043

2017 ...................................... 1,178,495 5,009 27,954 128 61,270

2018 ...................................... 1,258,499 5,531 24,709 134 61,584

2019 ...................................... 1,287,510 5,280 30,386 24 63,751

2018 - Dec. ........................... 1,329,918 5,398 24,734 134 62,355

2019 - Jan ............................. 1,330,500 5,374 24,734 134 62,883

Feb ............................ 1,335,506 5,299 24,734 134 61,474

Mar ............................ 1,335,506 5,299 24,734 134 62,880

 Apr ............................ 1,349,299 5,299 24,734 134 62,961

May ........................... 1,351,646 5,299 33,334 134 63,545

June .......................... 1,351,664 5,294 33,334 135 63,587

 July ........................... 1,352,731 5,294 33,334 134 63,427

Aug ............................ 1,340,866 5,451 33,334 30 63,700

Sept ........................... 1,287,510 5,280 30,386 24 63,751

Oct. ............................ 1,334,055 5,380 30,386 14 64,087

Nov. ........................... 1,333,325 5,630 30,386 15 64,306

Dec. ........................... 1,333,325 5,530 30,386 15 65,060
FEDERAL DEBT 

March 2020

26

TABLE FD-7—Treasury Holdings of Securities Issued by Government 

Corporations and Other Agencies, continued 

[In millions of dollars. Source: “Monthly Treasury Statement of Receipts and Outlays of the United States Government”] 

End of fiscal 

year or month 

Export-Import 

Bank of the 

United States 

(12) 

Railroad 

Retirement 

Board 

(13) 

Small Business 

Administration 

(14) 

Other 

(15) 

2015 ...................................... 22,725 3,498 7,176 62,989

2016 ...................................... 25,022 3,577 8,020 56,308

2017 ...................................... 24,645 3,712 7,693 63,739

2018 ...................................... 20,213 3,725 11,212 56,699

2019 ...................................... 16,946 3,934 11,810 60,091

2018 - Dec. ........................... 20,229 4,799 12,604 57,464

2019 - Jan ............................. 20,250 5,182 12,604 57,839

Feb ............................ 20,257 5,468 12,604 57,932

Mar ............................ 20,257 5,821 12,700 58,308

 Apr ............................ 20,259 6,178 12,369 58,822

May ........................... 20,259 6,502 12,500 59,319

June .......................... 20,259 2,802 12,500 59,617

 July ............................ 20,259 3,199 12,534 59,519

Aug ............................ 16,946 3,533 12,639 59,004

Sept ........................... 16,946 3,934 11,810 60,091

 Oct. ........................... 16,946 4,337 11,810 60,587

 Nov. ........................... 16,946 4,671 11,334 60,770

 Dec. ........................... 16,946 5,062 11,334 61,248

Note—Detail may not add to totals due to rounding. 
27 

March 2020 

 INTRODUCTION: Bureau of the Fiscal Service Operations 

Chapter 31 of Title 31 of the United States Code allows 

the Secretary of Treasury to borrow money by issuing 

Treasury securities. The Secretary determines the terms and 

conditions of issue, conversion, maturity, payment, and 

interest rate. New issues of Treasury notes mature in 2 to 10 

years. Bonds mature in more than 10 years from the issue 

date. Each outstanding marketable security is listed in the 

“Monthly Statement of the Public Debt of the United States.” 

The information in this section of the “Treasury Bulletin” 

pertains only to marketable Treasury securities. 

The Bureau of the Fiscal Service is a new bureau within 

the Treasury Department, formed on October 7, 2012, from 

the consolidation of the Financial Management Service and 

the Bureau of the Public Debt. Our mission is to promote the 

financial integrity and operational efficiency of the U.S. 

government through exceptional accounting, financing, 

collections, payments, and shared services. As one bureau, 

the organization is better positioned to help transform 

financial management and the delivery of shared services in 

the federal government. The bureau will be a valued partner 

for agencies as they work to strengthen their own financial 

management or as they look for a quality service provider 

who can allow them to focus on their missions. 

Table PDO-1 presents the results of weekly auctions of 4-, 

13-, and 26-week bills. Treasury bills mature each Thursday. 

Issues of 4- and 13-week bills are reopenings of 26-week 

bills. High rates on accepted tenders and the dollar value of 

total bids are presented, with the dollar value of awards made 

on both competitive and noncompetitive basis. 

To encourage the participation of individuals and smaller 

institutions, Treasury accepts noncompetitive tenders of up to 

$5 million in each auction of securities. 

Table PDO-2 lists the results of auctions of marketable 

securities, other than weekly bills, in chronological order over 

the past 2 years. Issues of cash management bills also are 

presented. 

Note: On July 31, 2013, Treasury published amendments 

to its marketable securities auction rules to accommodate the 

auction and issuance of Floating Rate Notes (FRNs). An FRN 

is a security that has an interest payment that can change over 

time. Treasury FRNs will be indexed to the most recent 13-

week Treasury bill auction High Rate, which is the highest 

accepted discount rate in a Treasury bill auction. FRNs will 

pay interest quarterly. 

TREASURY FINANCING: OCTOBER-DECEMBER 

[Source: Bureau of the Fiscal Service, Division of Financing Operations]

O C T O B E R 

Auction of 3-Year Notes 

On October 3, 2019, Treasury announced it would 

auction $38,000 million of 3-year notes. The issue was 

to refund $24,003 million of securities maturing 

October 15 and to raise new cash of approximately 

$53,997 million. 

The 3-year notes of Series AS-2022 were dated 

and issued October 15. They are due October 15, 2022, 

with interest payable on April 15 and October 15 until 

maturity. Treasury set an interest rate of 1-3/8 percent 

after determining which tenders were accepted on a 

yield auction basis. 

Treasury received tenders for the notes before 

12:00 noon Eastern Time (ET) for noncompetitive 

tenders and before 1:00 p.m. ET for competitive 

tenders on October 8. Tenders totaled $92,176 million; 

Treasury accepted $38,000 million. All 

noncompetitive and successful competitive bidders 

were allotted securities at the high yield of 1.413 

percent with an equivalent price of $99.888767. 

Treasury accepted in full all competitive tenders at 

yields lower than 1.413 percent. Tenders at the high 

yield were allotted 71.54 percent. The median yield 

was 1.379 percent, and the low yield was 0.880 

percent. Noncompetitive tenders totaled $28 million. 

Competitive tenders accepted from private investors 

totaled $37,972 million. The minimum par amount 

required for Separate Trading of Registered Interest 

and Principal Securities (STRIPS) of notes of Series 

AS-2022 is $100. 

Auction of 52-Week Bills 

On October 3, 2019, Treasury announced it would 

auction $28,000 million of 364-day Treasury bills. 

They were issued October 10 and will mature October 

8, 2020. The issue was to refund $97,993 million of all 

maturing bills and to raise new cash of approximately 

$17,007 million. Treasury auctioned the bills on 

October 8. Tenders totaled $83,398 million; Treasury 

accepted $28,000 million, including $420 million of 

noncompetitive tenders from the public. The high bank 

discount rate was 1.600 percent. 

Auction of 9-Year 10-Month 1-5/8 Percent 

Notes 

On October 3, 2019, Treasury announced it would 

auction $24,000 million of 9-year 10-month 1-5/8 
28 

March 2020 

percent notes. The issue was to refund $24,003 million 

of securities maturing October 15 and to raise new 

cash of approximately $53,997 million. 

The 9-year 10-month 1-5/8 percent notes of Series 

E-2029 were dated August 15 and issued October 15.

They are due August 15, 2029, with interest payable

on February 15 and August 15 until maturity.

Treasury received tenders for the notes before 

12:00 noon ET for noncompetitive tenders and before 

1:00 p.m. ET for competitive tenders on October 9. 

Tenders totaled $58,317 million; Treasury accepted 

$24,000 million. All noncompetitive and successful 

competitive bidders were allotted securities at the high 

yield of 1.590 percent with an equivalent price of 

$100.316063. Treasury accepted in full all competitive 

tenders at yields lower than 1.590 percent. Tenders at 

the high yield were allotted 59.01 percent. The median 

yield was 1.535 percent, and the low yield was 1.450 

percent. Noncompetitive tenders totaled $3 million. 

Competitive tenders accepted from private investors 

totaled $23,997 million. Accrued interest of $2.69361 

per $1,000 must be paid for the period from August 15 

to October 15. The minimum par amount required for 

STRIPS of notes of Series E-2029 is $100. 

Auction of 29-Year 10-Month 2-1/4 Percent 

Bonds 

On October 3, 2019, Treasury announced it would 

auction $16,000 million of 29-year 10-month 2-1/4 

percent bonds. The issue was to refund $24,003 

million of securities maturing October 15 and to raise 

new cash of approximately $53,997 million. 

The 29-year 10-month 2-1/4 percent bonds of 

August 2049 were dated August 15 and issued October 

15. They are due August 15, 2049, with interest

payable on February 15 and August 15 until maturity.

Treasury received tenders for the bonds before 

12:00 noon ET for noncompetitive tenders and before 

1:00 p.m. ET for competitive tenders on October 10. 

Tenders totaled $35,927 million; Treasury accepted 

$16,000 million. All noncompetitive and successful 

competitive bidders were allotted securities at the high 

yield of 2.170 percent with an equivalent price of 

$101.747638. Treasury accepted in full all competitive 

tenders at yields lower than 2.170 percent. Tenders at 

the high yield were allotted 75.61 percent. The median 

yield was 2.119 percent, and the low yield was 1.800 

percent. Noncompetitive tenders totaled $3 million. 

Competitive tenders accepted from private investors 

totaled $15,997 million. Accrued interest of $3.72962 

per $1,000 must be paid for the period from August 15 

to October 15. The minimum par amount required for 

STRIPS of bonds of August 2049 is $100. 

Auction of 5-Year Treasury Inflation Protected 

Security (TIPS) 

On October 10, 2019, Treasury announced it would 

auction $17,000 million of 5-year TIPS. The issue was 

to refund $116,335 million of securities maturing 

October 31 and to raise new cash of approximately 

$33,665 million. 

The 5-year TIPS of Series AE-2024 were dated 

October 15 and issued October 31. They are due 

October 15, 2024, with interest payable on April 15 

and October 15 until maturity. Treasury set an interest 

rate of 0-1/8 percent after determining which tenders 

were accepted on a yield auction basis. 

Treasury received tenders for the TIPS before 

12:00 noon ET for noncompetitive tenders and before 

1:00 p.m. ET for competitive tenders on October 17. 

Tenders totaled $46,745 million; Treasury accepted 

$17,000 million. All noncompetitive and successful 

competitive bidders were allotted securities at the high 

yield of 0.054 percent with an equivalent adjusted 

price of $100.348367. Treasury accepted in full all 

competitive tenders at yields lower than 0.054 percent. 

Tenders at the high yield were allotted 87.48 percent. 

The median yield was 0.015 percent, and the low yield 

was 0.000 percent. Noncompetitive tenders totaled $31 

million. Competitive tenders accepted from private 

investors totaled $16,969 million. Adjusted accrued 

interest of $0.05464 per $1,000 must be paid for the 

period from October 15 to October 31. Both the 

unadjusted price of $100.351378 and the unadjusted 

accrued interest of $0.05464 were adjusted by an index 

ratio of 0.99997, for the period from October 15 to 

October 31. 

In addition to the $17,000 million of tenders 

accepted in the auction process, Treasury accepted 

$1,777 million from FRBs for their own accounts. The 

minimum par amount required for STRIPS of TIPS of 

Series AE-2024 is $100. 

Auction of 2-Year Notes 

On October 17, 2019, Treasury announced it would 

auction $40,000 million of 2-year notes. The issue was 

to refund $116,335 million of securities maturing 

October 31 and to raise new cash of approximately 

$33,665 million. 

The 2-year notes of Series BH-2021 were dated 

and issued October 31. They are due October 31, 2021, 

with interest payable on April 30 and October 31 until 

maturity. Treasury set an interest rate of 1-1/2 percent 

after determining which tenders were accepted on a 

yield auction basis. 

Treasury received tenders for the notes before 

12:00 noon ET for noncompetitive tenders and before 

1:00 p.m. ET for competitive tenders on October 22. 
29 

March 2020 

Tenders totaled $107,820 million; Treasury accepted 

$40,000 million. All noncompetitive and successful 

competitive bidders were allotted securities at the high 

yield of 1.594 percent with an equivalent price of 

$99.815687. Treasury accepted in full all competitive 

tenders at yields lower than 1.594 percent. Tenders at 

the high yield were allotted 92.62 percent. The median 

yield was 1.560 percent, and the low yield was 0.880 

percent. Noncompetitive tenders totaled $107 million. 

Competitive tenders accepted from private investors 

totaled $39,893 million. 

In addition to the $40,000 million of tenders accepted 

in the auction process, Treasury accepted $4,182 

million from FRBs for their own accounts. The 

minimum par amount required for STRIPS of notes of 

Series BH-2021 is $100.

Auction of 2-Year Floating Rate Notes (FRNs) 

On October 17, 2019, Treasury announced it would 

auction $20,000 million of 2-year FRNs. The issue 

was to refund $116,335 million of securities maturing 

October 31 and to raise new cash of approximately 

$33,665 million. 

The 2-year FRNs of Series BJ-2021 were dated 

and issued October 31. They are due October 31, 2021, 

with interest payable on January 31, April 30, July 31, 

and October 31 until maturity. Treasury set a spread of 

0.300 percent after determining which tenders were 

accepted on a discount margin basis. 

Treasury received tenders for the FRNs before 

11:00 a.m. ET for noncompetitive tenders and before 

11:30 a.m. ET for competitive tenders on October 23. 

Tenders totaled $51,638 million; Treasury accepted 

$20,000 million. All noncompetitive and successful 

competitive bidders were allotted securities at the high 

discount margin of 0.300 percent with an equivalent 

price of $100.000000. Treasury accepted in full all 

competitive tenders at discount margins lower than 

0.300 percent. Tenders at the high discount margin 

were allotted 46.35 percent. The median discount 

margin was 0.270 percent, and the low discount 

margin was 0.240 percent. Noncompetitive tenders 

totaled $15 million. Competitive tenders accepted from 

private investors totaled $19,985 million. 

In addition to the $20,000 million of tenders accepted 

in the auction process, Treasury accepted $2,091 

million from FRBs for their own accounts. 

Auction of 5-Year Notes 

 On October 17, 2019, Treasury announced it 

would auction $41,000 million of 5-year notes. The 

issue was to refund $116,335 million of securities 

maturing October 31 and to raise new cash of 

approximately $33,665 million. 

The 5-year notes of Series AF-2024 were dated 

and issued October 31. They are due October 31, 2024, 

with interest payable on April 30 and October 31 until 

maturity. Treasury set an interest rate of 1-1/2 percent 

after determining which tenders were accepted on a 

yield auction basis. 

Treasury received tenders for the notes before 

12:00 noon ET for noncompetitive tenders and before 

1:00 p.m. ET for competitive tenders on October 23. 

Tenders totaled $98,627 million; Treasury accepted 

$41,000 million. All noncompetitive and successful 

competitive bidders were allotted securities at the high 

yield of 1.570 percent with an equivalent price of 

$99.664649. Treasury accepted in full all competitive 

tenders at yields lower than 1.570 percent. Tenders at 

the high yield were allotted 41.35 percent. The median 

yield was 1.528 percent, and the low yield was 1.360 

percent. Noncompetitive tenders totaled $34 million. 

Competitive tenders accepted from private investors 

totaled $40,966 million. 

In addition to the $41,000 million of tenders accepted 

in the auction process, Treasury accepted $4,287 

million from FRBs for their own accounts. The 

minimum par amount required for STRIPS of notes of 

Series AF-2024 is $100. 

Auction of 7-Year Notes 

On October 17, 2019, Treasury announced it would 

auction $32,000 million of 7-year notes. The issue was 

to refund $116,335 million of securities maturing 

October 31 and to raise new cash of approximately 

$33,665 million. 

The 7-year notes of Series R-2026 were dated and 

issued October 31. They are due October 31, 2026, 

with interest payable on April 30 and October 31 until 

maturity. Treasury set an interest rate of 1-5/8 percent 

after determining which tenders were accepted on a 

yield auction basis. 

Treasury received tenders for the notes before 

12:00 noon ET for noncompetitive tenders and before 

1:00 p.m. ET for competitive tenders on October 24. 

Tenders totaled $78,634 million; Treasury accepted 

$32,000 million. All noncompetitive and successful 

competitive bidders were allotted securities at the high 

yield of 1.657 percent with an equivalent price of 

$99.789325. Treasury accepted in full all competitive 

tenders at yields lower than 1.657 percent. Tenders at 

the high yield were allotted 80.73 percent. The median 

yield was 1.615 percent, and the low yield was 1.400 

percent. Noncompetitive tenders totaled $5 million. 

Competitive tenders accepted from private investors 

totaled $31,995 million. 

In addition to the $32,000 million of tenders 

accepted in the auction process, Treasury accepted 

$3,346 million from FRBs for their own accounts. The 
30 

March 2020 

minimum par amount required for STRIPS of notes of 

Series R-2026 is $100.

N O V E M B E R 

November Quarterly Financing 

On Oct 30, 2019, Treasury announced it would 

auction $38,000 million of 3-year notes, $27,000 

million of 10-year notes, and $19,000 million of 30-

year bonds to refund $60,519 million of securities 

maturing November 15, 2019 and to raise new cash of 

approximately $23,481 million. 

The 3-year notes of Series F-2022 were dated and 

issued November 15. They are due November 15, 

2022, with interest payable on May 15 and November 

15 until maturity. Treasury set an interest rate of 1-5/8 

percent after determining which tenders were accepted 

on a yield auction basis. 

Treasury received tenders for the notes before 

12:00 noon ET for noncompetitive tenders and before 

1:00 p.m. ET for competitive tenders on November 5. 

Tenders totaled $98,641 million; Treasury accepted 

$38,000 million. All noncompetitive and successful 

competitive bidders were allotted securities at the high 

yield of 1.630 percent with an equivalent price of 

$99.985419. Treasury accepted in full all competitive 

tenders at yields lower than 1.630 percent. Tenders at 

the high yield were allotted 42.86 percent. The median 

yield was 1.600 percent, and the low yield was 1.530 

percent. Noncompetitive tenders totaled $49 million. 

Competitive tenders accepted from private investors 

totaled $37,851 million. 

In addition to the $38,000 million of tenders 

accepted in the auction process, Treasury accepted 

$17,993 million from FRBs for their own accounts. 

The minimum par amount required for STRIPS of 

notes of Series F-2022 is $100. 

The 10-year notes of Series F-2029 were dated and 

issued November 15. They are due November 15, 

2029, with interest payable on May 15 and November 

15 until maturity. Treasury set an interest rate of 1-3/4 

percent after determining which tenders were accepted 

on a yield auction basis. 

Treasury received tenders for the notes before 

12:00 noon ET for noncompetitive tenders and before 

1:00 p.m. ET for competitive tenders on November 6. 

Tenders totaled $67,181 million; Treasury accepted 

$27,000 million. All noncompetitive and successful 

competitive bidders were allotted securities at the high 

yield of 1.809 percent with an equivalent price of 

$99.462502. Treasury accepted in full all competitive 

tenders at yields lower than 1.809 percent. Tenders at 

the high yield were allotted 45.79 percent. The median 

yield was 1.770 percent, and the low yield was 0.880 

percent. Noncompetitive tenders totaled $20 million. 

Competitive tenders accepted from private investors 

totaled $26,980 million. 

In addition to the $27,000 million of tenders 

accepted in the auction process, Treasury accepted 

$12,785 million from FRBs for their own accounts. 

The minimum par amount required for STRIPS of 

notes of Series F-2029 is $100. 

The 30-year bonds of November 2049 were dated 

and issued November 15. They are due November 15, 

2049, with interest payable on May 15 and November 

15 until maturity. Treasury set an interest rate of 2-3/8 

percent after determining which tenders were accepted 

on a yield auction basis. 

Treasury received tenders for the bonds before 

12:00 noon ET for noncompetitive tenders and before 

1:00 p.m. ET for competitive tenders on November 7. 

Tenders totaled $42,419 million; Treasury accepted 

$19,000 million. All noncompetitive and successful 

competitive bidders were allotted securities at the high 

yield of 2.430 percent with an equivalent price of 

$98.833264. Treasury accepted in full all competitive 

tenders at yields lower than 2.430 percent. Tenders at 

the high yield were allotted 51.75 percent. The median 

yield was 2.375 percent, and the low yield was 1.750 

percent. Noncompetitive tenders totaled $14 million. 

Competitive tenders accepted from private investors 

totaled $18,986 million. 

In addition to the $19,000 million of tenders 

accepted in the auction process, Treasury accepted 

$8,997 million from FRBs for their own accounts. The 

minimum par amount required for STRIPS of bonds of 

November 2049 is $100. 

Auction of 52-Week Bills 

On October 31, 2019, Treasury announced it would 

auction $28,000 million of 364-day Treasury bills. 

They were issued November 7 and will mature 

November 5, 2020. The issue was to refund $100,998 

million of all maturing bills and to raise new cash of 

approximately $14,002 million. Treasury auctioned the 

bills on November 5. Tenders totaled $79,412 million; 

Treasury accepted $28,000 million, including $393 

million of noncompetitive tenders from the public. The 

high bank discount rate was 1.565 percent. 

Auction of 9-Year 8-Month 0-3/4 Percent TIPS 

On November 14, 2019, Treasury announced it 

would auction $12,000 million of 9-year 8-month 0-

1/4 percent TIPS. The issue was to raise new cash of 

approximately $30,000 million. 

The 9-year 8-month 0-1/4 percent TIPS of Series 

D-2029 were dated July 15 and issued November 29. 

They are due July 15, 2029, with interest payable on 

January 15 and July 15 until maturity. 
31 

March 2020 

Treasury received tenders for the TIPS before 

12:00 noon ET for noncompetitive tenders and before 

1:00 p.m. ET for competitive tenders on November 21. 

Tenders totaled $28,854 million; Treasury accepted 

$12,000 million. All noncompetitive and successful 

competitive bidders were allotted securities at the high 

yield of 0.149 percent with an equivalent adjusted 

price of $101.340677. Treasury accepted in full all 

competitive tenders at yields lower than 0.149 percent. 

Tenders at the high yield were allotted 72.07 percent. 

The median yield was 0.100 percent, and the low yield 

was 0.008 percent. Noncompetitive tenders totaled $16 

million. Competitive tenders accepted from private 

investors totaled $11,984 million. Adjusted accrued 

interest of $0.93417 per $1,000 must be paid for the 

period from July 15 to November 29. Both the 

unadjusted price of $100.965087 and the unadjusted 

accrued interest of $0.93071 were adjusted by an index 

ratio of 1.00372, for the period from July 15 to 

November 29. The minimum par amount required for 

STRIPS of TIPS of Series D-2029 is $100. 

Auction of 16-Day Cash Management Bills 

On November 19, 2019, Treasury announced it 

would auction $15,000 million of 16-day bills. They 

were issued November 26 and matured December 12. 

The issue was to raise new cash of approximately 

$10,027 million. Treasury auctioned the bills on 

November 20. Tenders totaled $54,450 million; 

Treasury accepted $15,000 million, including $10 

million of noncompetitive tenders from the public. The 

high bank discount rate was 1.540 percent. 

Auction of 1-Year 11-Month 0.3 Percent FRNs 

On November 21, 2019, Treasury announced it 

would auction $18,000 million of 1-year 11-month 0.3 

percent FRNs. The issue was to raise new cash of 

approximately $30,000 million. 

The 1-year 11-month 0.3 percent FRNs of Series 

BJ-2021 were dated October 31 and issued November 

29. They are due October 31, 2021, with interest 

payable on January 31, April 30, July 31, and October 

31 until maturity. 

Treasury received tenders for the FRNs before 

11:00 a.m. ET for noncompetitive tenders and before 

11:30 a.m. ET for competitive tenders on November 

26. Tenders totaled $45,023 million; Treasury 

accepted $18,000 million. All noncompetitive and 

successful competitive bidders were allotted securities 

at the high discount margin of 0.240 percent with an 

equivalent price of $100.114271. Treasury accepted in 

full all competitive tenders at discount margins lower 

than 0.240 percent. Tenders at the high discount 

margin were allotted 38.91 percent. The median 

discount margin was 0.205 percent, and the low 

discount margin was 0.170 percent. Noncompetitive 

tenders totaled $10 million. Competitive tenders 

accepted from private investors totaled $17,991 

million. Accrued interest of $0.149827136 per $100 

must be paid for the period from October 31 to 

November 29. 

D E C E M B E R 

Auction of 2-Year Notes 

On November 21, 2019, Treasury announced it 

would auction $40,000 million of 2-year notes. The 

issue was to refund $82,439 million of securities 

maturing November 30 and to raise new cash of 

approximately $30,561 million. 

The 2-year notes of Series BK-2021 were dated 

November 30 and issued December 2. They are due 

November 30, 2021, with interest payable on May 31 

and November 30 until maturity. Treasury set an 

interest rate of 1-1/2 percent after determining which 

tenders were accepted on a yield auction basis. 

Treasury received tenders for the notes before 

12:00 noon ET for noncompetitive tenders and before 

1:00 p.m. ET for competitive tenders on November 25. 

Tenders totaled $105,022 million; Treasury accepted 

$40,000 million. All noncompetitive and successful 

competitive bidders were allotted securities at the high 

yield of 1.601 percent with an equivalent price of 

$99.802444. Treasury accepted in full all competitive 

tenders at yields lower than 1.601 percent. Tenders at 

the high yield were allotted 39.14 percent. The median 

yield was 1.578 percent, and the low yield was 1.450 

percent. Noncompetitive tenders totaled $199 million. 

Competitive tenders accepted from private investors 

totaled $39,801 million. Accrued interest of $0.08197 

per $1,000 must be paid for the period from November 

30 to December 2. 

In addition to the $40,000 million of tenders accepted 

in the auction process, Treasury accepted $3,176 

million from FRBs for their own accounts. The 

minimum par amount required for STRIPS of notes of 

Series BK-2021 is $100. 

Auction of 5-Year Notes 

On November 21, 2019, Treasury announced it 

would auction $41,000 million of 5-year notes. The 

issue was to refund $82,439 million of securities 

maturing November 30 and to raise new cash of 

approximately $30,561 million. 

The 5-year notes of Series AG-2024 were dated 

November 30 and issued December 2. They are due 

November 30, 2024, with interest payable on May 31 
32 

March 2020 

and November 30 until maturity. Treasury set an 

interest rate of 1-1/2 percent after determining which 

tenders were accepted on a yield auction basis. 

Treasury received tenders for the notes before 

12:00 noon ET for noncompetitive tenders and before 

1:00 p.m. ET for competitive tenders on November 26. 

Tenders totaled $102,542 million; Treasury accepted 

$41,000 million. All noncompetitive and successful 

competitive bidders were allotted securities at the high 

yield of 1.587 percent with an equivalent price of 

$99.583769. Treasury accepted in full all competitive 

tenders at yields lower than 1.587 percent. Tenders at 

the high yield were allotted 64.49 percent. The median 

yield was 1.540 percent, and the low yield was 1.485 

percent. Noncompetitive tenders totaled $33 million. 

Competitive tenders accepted from private investors 

totaled $40,967 million. Accrued interest of $0.08197 

per $1,000 must be paid for the period from November 

30 to December 2. 

In addition to the $41,000 million of tenders 

accepted in the auction process, Treasury accepted 

$3,255 million from FRBs for their own accounts. The 

minimum par amount required for STRIPS of notes of 

Series AG-2024 is $100. 

Auction of 7-Year Notes 

On November 21, 2019, Treasury announced it 

would auction $32,000 million of 7-year notes. The 

issue was to refund $82,439 million of securities 

maturing November 30 and to raise new cash of 

approximately $30,561 million. 

The 7-year notes of Series S-2026 were dated 

November 30 and issued December 2. They are due 

November 30, 2026, with interest payable on May 31 

and November 30 until maturity. Treasury set an 

interest rate of 1-5/8 percent after determining which 

tenders were accepted on a yield auction basis. 

Treasury received tenders for the notes before 

11:00 a.m. ET for noncompetitive tenders and before 

11:30 a.m. ET for competitive tenders on November 

27. Tenders totaled $78,136 million; Treasury 

accepted $32,000 million. All noncompetitive and 

successful competitive bidders were allotted securities 

at the high yield of 1.719 percent with an equivalent 

price of $99.382918. Treasury accepted in full all 

competitive tenders at yields lower than 1.719 percent. 

Tenders at the high yield were allotted 94.53 percent. 

The median yield was 1.666 percent, and the low yield 

was 0.880 percent. Noncompetitive tenders totaled $7 

million. Competitive tenders accepted from private 

investors totaled $31,993 million. Accrued interest of 

$0.08880 per $1,000 must be paid for the period from 

November 30 to December 2. 

In addition to the $32,000 million of tenders 

accepted in the auction process, Treasury accepted 

$2,540 million from FRBs for their own accounts. The 

minimum par amount required for STRIPS of notes of 

Series S-2026 is $100. 

Auction of 52-Week Bills 

On November 27, 2019, Treasury announced it 

would auction $26,000 million of 364-day Treasury 

bills. They were issued December 5 and will mature 

December 3, 2020. The issue was to refund $107,004 

million of all maturing bills and to pay down 

approximately $3,004 million. Treasury auctioned the 

bills on December 3. Tenders totaled $88,145 million; 

Treasury accepted $26,000 million, including $374 

million of noncompetitive tenders from the public. The 

high bank discount rate was 1.525 percent. 

Auction of 3-Year Notes 

On December 5, 2019, Treasury announced it 

would auction $38,000 million of 3-year notes. The 

issue was to refund $24,000 million of securities 

maturing December 15 and to raise new cash of 

approximately $54,000 million. 

The 3-year notes of Series AU-2022 were dated 

December 15 and issued December 16. They are due 

December 15, 2022, with interest payable on June 15 

and December 15 until maturity. Treasury set an 

interest rate of 1-5/8 percent after determining which 

tenders were accepted on a yield auction basis. 

Treasury received tenders for the notes before 12:00 

noon ET for noncompetitive tenders and before 1:00 

p.m. ET for competitive tenders on December 9. 

Tenders totaled $97,286 million; Treasury accepted 

$38,000 million. All noncompetitive and successful 

competitive bidders were allotted securities at the high 

yield of 1.632 percent with an equivalent price of 

$99.979569. Treasury accepted in full all competitive 

tenders at yields lower than 1.632 percent. Tenders at 

the high yield were allotted 89.20 percent. The median 

yield was 1.600 percent, and the low yield was 1.520 

percent. Noncompetitive tenders totaled $57 million. 

Competitive tenders accepted from private investors 

totaled $37,843 million. Accrued interest of $0.04440 

per $1,000 must be paid for the period from December 

15 to December 16. The minimum par amount 

required for STRIPS of notes of Series AU-2022 is 

$100. 

Auction of 9-Year 11-Month 1-3/4 Percent 

Notes 

On December 5, 2019, Treasury announced it 

would auction $24,000 million of 9-year 11-month 1-

3/4 percent notes. The issue was to refund $24,000 

million of securities maturing December 15 and to 

raise new cash of approximately $54,000 million. 
33 

March 2020 

The 9-year 11-month 1-3/4 percent notes of Series 

F-2029 were dated November 15 and issued December 

16. They are due November 15, 2029, with interest 

payable on May 15 and November 15 until maturity. 

Treasury received tenders for the notes before 

12:00 noon ET for noncompetitive tenders and before 

1:00 p.m. ET for competitive tenders on December 10. 

Tenders totaled $58,379 million; Treasury accepted 

$24,000 million. All noncompetitive and successful 

competitive bidders were allotted securities at the high 

yield of 1.842 percent with an equivalent price of 

$99.168608. Treasury accepted in full all competitive 

tenders at yields lower than 1.842 percent. Tenders at 

the high yield were allotted 74.25 percent. The median 

yield was 1.800 percent, and the low yield was 0.880 

percent. Noncompetitive tenders totaled $6 million. 

Competitive tenders accepted from private investors 

totaled $23,994 million. Accrued interest of $1.49038 

per $1,000 must be paid for the period from November 

15 to December 16. The minimum par amount 

required for STRIPS of notes of Series F-2029 is $100. 

Auction of 29-Year 11-Month 2-3/8 Percent 

Bonds 

On December 5, 2019, Treasury announced it 

would auction $16,000 million of 29-year 11-month 2-

3/8 percent bonds. The issue was to refund $24,000 

million of securities maturing December 15 and to 

raise new cash of approximately $54,000 million. 

The 29-year 11-month 2-3/8 percent bonds of 

November 2049 were dated November 15 and issued 

December 16. They are due November 15, 2049, with 

interest payable on May 15 and November 15 until 

maturity. 

Treasury received tenders for the bonds before 

12:00 noon ET for noncompetitive tenders and before 

1:00 p.m. ET for competitive tenders on December 12. 

Tenders totaled $39,280 million; Treasury accepted 

$16,000 million. All noncompetitive and successful 

competitive bidders were allotted securities at the high 

yield of 2.307 percent with an equivalent price of 

$101.461576. Treasury accepted in full all competitive 

tenders at yields lower than 2.307 percent. Tenders at 

the high yield were allotted 22.20 percent. The median 

yield was 2.265 percent, and the low yield was 0.880 

percent. Noncompetitive tenders totaled $5 million. 

Competitive tenders accepted from private investors 

totaled $15,995 million. Accrued interest of $2.02266 

per $1,000 must be paid for the period from November 

15 to December 16. The minimum par amount 

required for STRIPS of bonds of November 2049 is 

$100. 

Auction of 1-Year 11-Month 0.3 Percent FRNs 

On December 6, 2019, Treasury announced it 

would auction $25 million of 1-year 11-month 0.3 

percent FRNs. The issue was to raise new cash of 

approximately $25 million. 

The 1-year 11-month 0.3 percent FRNs of Series 

BJ-2021 were dated October 31 and issued December 

9. They are due October 31, 2021, with interest 

payable on January 31, April 30, July 31, and October 

31 until maturity. 

Treasury received tenders for the FRNs before 

12:00 a.m. ET for noncompetitive tenders and before 

11:00 a.m. ET for competitive tenders on December 6. 

Tenders totaled $135 million; Treasury accepted $25 

million. All noncompetitive and successful 

competitive bidders were allotted securities at the high 

discount margin of 0.245 percent with an equivalent 

price of $100.103141. Treasury accepted in full all 

competitive tenders at discount margins lower than 

0.245 percent. Tenders at the high discount margin 

were allotted 3.79 percent. The median discount 

margin was 0.240 percent, and the low discount 

margin was 0.220 percent. Noncompetitive tenders 

totaled $ million. Competitive tenders accepted from 

private investors totaled $25 million. Accrued interest 

of $0.201608796 per $100 must be paid for the period 

from October 31 to December 9. 

Auction of 1-Year 10-Month 0.3 Percent FRNs 

On December 12, 2019, Treasury announced it 

would auction $18,000 million of 1-year 10-month 0.3 

percent FRNs. The issue was to raise new cash of 

approximately $18,000 million. 

The 1-year 10-month 0.3 percent FRNs of Series 

BJ-2021 were dated October 31 and issued December 

27. They are due October 31, 2021, with interest 

payable on January 31, April 30, July 31, and October 

31 until maturity. 

Treasury received tenders for the FRNs before 

11:00 a.m. ET for noncompetitive tenders and before 

11:30 a.m. ET for competitive tenders on December 

18. Tenders totaled $75,000 million; Treasury 

accepted $18,000 million. All noncompetitive and 

successful competitive bidders were allotted securities 

at the high discount margin of 0.260 percent with an 

equivalent price of $100.072963. Treasury accepted in 

full all competitive tenders at discount margins lower 

than 0.260 percent. Tenders at the high discount 

margin were allotted 88.64 percent. The median 

discount margin was 0.255 percent, and the low 

discount margin was 0.220 percent. Noncompetitive 

tenders totaled $11 million. Competitive tenders 

accepted from private investors totaled $17,990 

million. Accrued interest of $0.293573795 per $100 

must be paid for the period from October 31 to 

December 27. 
34 

March 2020 

Auction of 4-Year 10-Month 0-1/8 Percent TIPS 

 On December 12, 2019, Treasury announced it 

would auction $15,000 million of 4-year 10-month 0-

1/8 percent TIPS. The issue was to refund $81,347 

million of securities maturing December 31 and to 

raise new cash of approximately $46,653 million. 

The 4-year 10-month 0-1/8 percent TIPS of Series 

AE-2024 were dated October 15 and issued December 

31. They are due October 15, 2024, with interest 

payable on April 15 and October 15 until maturity. 

Treasury received tenders for the TIPS before 

12:00 noon ET for noncompetitive tenders and before 

1:00 p.m. ET for competitive tenders on December 19. 

Tenders totaled $40,387 million; Treasury accepted 

$15,000 million. All noncompetitive and successful 

competitive bidders were allotted securities at the high 

yield of 0.020 percent with an equivalent adjusted 

price of $100.801136. Treasury accepted in full all 

competitive tenders at yields lower than 0.020 percent. 

Tenders at the high yield were allotted 42.84 percent. 

The median yield was -0.009 percent, and the low 

yield was -0.060 percent. Noncompetitive tenders 

totaled $25 million. Competitive tenders accepted from 

private investors totaled $14,975 million. Adjusted 

accrued interest of $0.26376 per $1,000 must be paid 

for the period from October 15 to December 31. Both 

the unadjusted price of $100.502643 and the 

unadjusted accrued interest of $0.26298 were adjusted 

by an index ratio of 1.00297, for the period from 

October 15 to December 31. 

In addition to the $15,000 million of tenders 

accepted in the auction process, Treasury accepted 

$1,412 million from FRBs for their own accounts. The 

minimum par amount required for STRIPS of TIPS of 

Series AE-2024 is $100. 

Auction of 2-Year Notes 

On December 19, 2019, Treasury announced it 

would auction $40,000 million of 2-year notes. The 

issue was to refund $81,347 million of securities 

maturing December 31 and to raise new cash of 

approximately $46,653 million. 

The 2-year notes of Series BL-2021 were dated 

and issued December 31. They are due December 31, 

2021, with interest payable on June 30 and December 

31 until maturity. Treasury set an interest rate of 1-5/8 

percent after determining which tenders were accepted 

on a yield auction basis. 

Treasury received tenders for the notes before 

12:00 noon ET for noncompetitive tenders and before 

1:00 p.m. ET for competitive tenders on December 23. 

Tenders totaled $92,187 million; Treasury accepted 

$40,000 million. All noncompetitive and successful 

competitive bidders were allotted securities at the high 

yield of 1.653 percent with an equivalent price of 

$99.945138. Treasury accepted in full all competitive 

tenders at yields lower than 1.653 percent. Tenders at 

the high yield were allotted 4.42 percent. The median 

yield was 1.625 percent, and the low yield was 1.450 

percent. Noncompetitive tenders totaled $166 million. 

Competitive tenders accepted from private investors 

totaled $39,734 million. In addition to the $40,000 

million of tenders accepted in the auction process, 

Treasury accepted $3,765 million from FRBs for their 

own accounts. The minimum par amount required for 

STRIPS of notes of Series BL-2021 is $100.

Auction of 5-Year Notes 

On December 19, 2019, Treasury announced it 

would auction $41,000 million of 5-year notes. The 

issue was to refund $81,347 million of securities 

maturing December 31 and to raise new cash of 

approximately $46,653 million. 

The 5-year notes of Series AH-2024 were dated 

and issued December 31. They are due December 31, 

2024, with interest payable on June 30 and December 

31 until maturity. Treasury set an interest rate of 1-3/4 

percent after determining which tenders were accepted 

on a yield auction basis. 

Treasury received tenders for the notes before 9:30 

a.m. ET for noncompetitive tenders and before 10:00 

a.m. ET for competitive tenders on December 24. 

Tenders totaled $102,037 million; Treasury accepted 

$41,000 million. All noncompetitive and successful 

competitive bidders were allotted securities at the high 

yield of 1.756 percent with an equivalent price of 

$99.971399. Treasury accepted in full all competitive 

tenders at yields lower than 1.756 percent. Tenders at 

the high yield were allotted 30.15 percent. The median 

yield was 1.730 percent, and the low yield was 1.500 

percent. Noncompetitive tenders totaled $30 million. 

Competitive tenders accepted from private investors 

totaled $40,970 million. 

In addition to the $41,000 million of tenders accepted 

in the auction process, Treasury accepted $3,859 

million from FRBs for their own accounts. The 

minimum par amount required for STRIPS of notes of 

Series AH-2024 is $100. 

Auction of 7-Year Notes 

On December 19, 2019, Treasury announced it 

would auction $32,000 million of 7-year notes. The 

issue was to refund $81,347 million of securities 

maturing December 31 and to raise new cash of 

approximately $46,653 million. 

The 7-year notes of Series T-2026 were dated and 

issued December 31. They are due December 31, 
35 

March 2020 

2026, with interest payable on June 30 and December 

31 until maturity. Treasury set an interest rate of 1-3/4 

percent after determining which tenders were accepted 

on a yield auction basis. 

Treasury received tenders for the notes before 

12:00 noon ET for noncompetitive tenders and before 

1:00 p.m. ET for competitive tenders on December 26. 

Tenders totaled $78,913 million; Treasury accepted 

$32,000 million. All noncompetitive and successful 

competitive bidders were allotted securities at the high 

yield of 1.835 percent with an equivalent price of 

$99.444016. Treasury accepted in full all competitive 

tenders at yields lower than 1.835 percent. Tenders at 

the high yield were allotted 77.17 percent. The median 

yield was 1.790 percent, and the low yield was 1.288 

percent. Noncompetitive tenders totaled $8 million. 

Competitive tenders accepted from private investors 

totaled $31,992 million. 

In addition to the $32,000 million of tenders 

accepted in the auction process, Treasury accepted 

$3,012 million from FRBs for their own accounts. The 

minimum par amount required for STRIPS of notes of 

Series T-2026 is $100. 
36 

March 2020 

TABLE PDO-1—Offerings of Regular Weekly Treasury Bills 

[In millions of dollars. Source: Bureau of the Fiscal Service, Division of Financing Operations] 

On total competitive bids accepted 

Issue date 

Description of new issue Amounts of bids accepted 

High 

price per 

hundred 

(7) 

High 

discount 

rate 

(percent) 

(8) 

High investment rate 

(percent) 4

(9) 

Maturity 

 date 

(1) 

Number 

of days to 

maturity 1

(2) 

Amount 

of bids 

tendered

(3) 

Total 

amount 2

(4) 

On 

competitive 

basis 

(5) 

On noncompetitive 

basis 3

 (6) 

Regular weekly: 

(4 week, 8 week, 13 week, and 26 week) 

2019-Oct. 01 2019-Oct. 29 28 121,692.2 45,000.1 43,374.7 1,525.4 99.853778 1.880 1.914

Nov. 26 56 123,584.9 40,000.7 39,711.8 288.9 99.710667 1.860 1.896

Oct. 03 2020-Jan. 02 91 112,185.7 45,000.2 44,071.7 928.5 99.534889 1.840 1.879

Apr. 02 182 118,994.1 42,000.1 40,989.0 811.1 99.092528 1.795 1.842

Oct. 08 2019-Nov. 05 28 130,642.3 45,053.1 42,354.3 1,645.9 99.863889 1.750 1.782

Dec. 03 56 114,436.6 40,047.2 38,837.7 262.5 99.734000 1.710 1.743

Oct. 10 2020-Jan. 09 91 142,299.8 45,000.1 43,877.4 1,122.7 99.575333 1.680 1.715

Apr. 09 182 105,860.7 42,000.4 40,984.6 715.9 99.145611 1.690 1.733

Oct. 15 2019-Nov. 12 28 130,767.5 50,015.5 48,427.9 1,562.1 99.866222 1.720 1.751

Dec. 10 56 115,336.1 40,012.5 39,734.1 266.0 99.737889 1.685 1.718

Oct. 17 2020-Jan. 16 91 116,067.9 45,000.3 43,884.5 1,115.8 99.585444 1.640 1.674

Apr. 16 182 132,106.1 42,000.1 40,939.1 861.0 99.181000 1.620 1.661

Oct. 22 2019-Nov. 19 28 137,373.5 55,000.2 53,473.1 1,527.0 99.866222 1.720 1.751

Dec. 17 56 119,612.5 40,000.1 39,756.5 243.6 99.741000 1.665 1.697

Oct. 24 2020-Jan. 23 91 135,342.3 45,000.3 43,974.2 1,026.1 99.587972 1.630 1.664

Apr. 23 182 114,653.0 42,000.4 41,037.4 763.1 99.191111 1.600 1.640

Oct. 29 2019-Nov. 26 28 151,111.7 55,000.4 53,342.3 1,558.1 99.867000 1.710 1.741

Dec. 24 56 114,176.5 40,000.3 39,796.2 204.0 99.738667 1.680 1.712

Oct. 31 2020-Jan. 30 91 139,579.6 45,000.0 43,862.5 1,037.5 99.590500 1.620 1.654

Apr. 30 182 135,494.4 42,000.6 41,016.2 784.4 99.186056 1.610 1.650

Nov. 05 2019-Dec. 03 28 155,700.9 55,030.8 53,268.3 1,731.9 99.877889 1.570 1.598

Dec. 31 56 128,367.4 40,022.6 39,757.2 243.1 99.757333 1.560 1.590

Nov. 07 2020-Feb. 06 91 118,210.1 45,000.2 43,843.4 956.9 99.615778 1.520 1.551

May 07 182 112,780.3 42,000.1 41,213.4 681.6 99.223972 1.535 1.573

Nov. 12 2019-Dec. 10 28 145,968.4 55,022.0 53,326.8 1,573.4 99.880611 1.535 1.562

2020-Jan. 07 56 112,500.3 40,016.0 39,635.2 264.9 99.762000 1.530 1.559

Nov. 14 Feb. 13 91 122,425.0 46,039.8 43,743.4 1,056.7 99.604403 1.565 1.597

May 14 182 126,754.9 42,970.5 40,250.8 749.3 99.216389 1.550 1.588

Nov. 19 2019-Dec. 17 28 138,755.6 55,000.0 53,336.8 1,553.2 99.878278 1.565 1.593

2020-Jan. 14 56 128,038.7 40,000.4 39,637.7 262.7 99.763556 1.520 1.549

Nov. 21 Feb. 20 91 135,324.3 45,000.1 43,905.1 895.0 99.610722 1.540 1.572

May 21 182 121,332.5 42,000.3 41,262.1 663.2 99.221444 1.540 1.578

Nov. 26 2019-Dec. 24 28 140,865.9 50,011.3 48,503.0 1,497.2 99.879444 1.550 1.578

2020-Jan. 21 56 115,424.2 40,009.0 39,754.8 245.3 99.760444 1.540 1.569

Nov. 29 Feb. 27 90 129,888.5 45,002.7 43,901.2 898.8 99.610000 1.560 1.592

May 28 181 106,644.0 39,002.4 38,261.5 638.6 99.205611 1.580 1.619

Dec. 03 2019-Dec. 31 28 123,476.5 45,583.7 43,447.7 1,452.3 99.874000 1.620 1.649

2020-Jan. 28 56 123,861.8 35,454.2 34,792.6 207.6 99.755778 1.570 1.600

Dec. 05 Mar. 05 91 127,360.9 42,000.3 41,098.3 877.0 99.605667 1.560 1.592

June 04 182 112,094.1 36,000.0 35,288.2 611.8 99.208806 1.565 1.604

Dec. 10 Jan. 07 28 126,472.9 40,100.9 38,344.2 1,655.8 99.883333 1.500 1.527

Feb. 04 56 111,492.6 35,088.4 34,736.1 264.1 99.763556 1.520 1.549

Dec. 12 Mar. 12 91 116,359.6 42,000.5 40,837.2 1,063.2 99.615778 1.520 1.551

June 11 182 107,145.6 36,000.2 35,119.6 780.6 99.231556 1.520 1.557

Dec. 17 Jan. 14 28 108,086.3 44,324.5 38,534.2 1,466.0 99.880222 1.540 1.568

Feb. 11 56 97,929.9 38,783.8 34,734.4 265.7 99.760444 1.540 1.569

Dec. 19 Mar. 19 91 113,281.6 42,040.4 39,974.4 1,025.7 99.610722 1.540 1.572

June 18 182 94,547.7 36,035.0 34,305.3 695.0 99.216389 1.550 1.588

Dec. 24 Jan. 21 28 113,824.6 37,000.1 32,493.2 1,506.9 99.882556 1.510 1.537

Feb. 18 56 99,234.5 37,000.1 33,748.0 252.1 99.758111 1.555 1.585
37 

March 2020 

 Continued from Table PDO-1 

Dec. 26 Mar. 26 91 124,318.8 42,775.8 39,967.5 1,032.9 99.606931 1.555 1.587

June 25 182 109,807.9 36,664.8 34,356.7 643.4 99.206278 1.570 1.609

Dec. 31 Jan. 28 28 118,262.4 37,308.0 32,591.4 1,408.6 99.879056 1.555 1.583

Feb. 25 56 115,862.6 37,308.0 33,799.9 200.1 99.756556 1.565 1.595

1 All 13-week bills represent additional issues of bills with an original maturity of 26 weeks or 

52 weeks. Certain 26-week bills represent additional issues of bills with an original maturity 

of 52 weeks. All 4-week bills represent additional issues of bills with an original maturity of 

8 weeks. 

2 Includes amount awarded to the Federal Reserve System. 

3 Tenders for $5 million or less from any one bidder are accepted in full at the high 

price of accepted competitive bids. All Treasury Marketable auctions are conducted 

in a single-price format as of November 2, 1998. 

4 Equivalent coupon-issue yield. 

TABLE PDO-2—Offerings of Marketable Securities 

Other than Regular Weekly Treasury Bills 

[In millions of dollars. Source: Bureau of the Fiscal Service, Division of Financing Operations] 

Auction date 

Issue date 

(1) 

 Description of securities 1

(2) 

Period to final maturity 

(years, months, days) 2

(3) 

Amount 

tendered 

(4) 

Amount 

accepted 3, 4

(5)

Accepted 

yield/discount 

margin and 

equivalent price 

for notes and bonds 

(6) 

10/08/19 10/10/19 1.600% bill—10/08/20 364d 83,398 28,000 

10/08/19 10/15/19 1.375% note—10/15/22-AS 3y 92,176 38,000 1.413 - 99.888767 

10/09/19 10/15/19 1.625% note—08/15/29-E 9y 10m 58,317 24,000 1.590 - 100.316063 

10/10/19 10/15/19 2.250% bond—08/15/49 29y 10m 35,927 16,000 2.170 - 101.747638 

10/17/19 10/31/19 0.125% TIPS—10/15/24-AE 5y 48,522 18,777 0.054 - 100.348367 

10/22/19 10/31/19 1.500% note—10/31/21-BH 2y 112,002 44,182 1.594 - 99.815687 

10/23/19 10/31/19 0.300% FRN—10/31/21-BJ 2y 53,729 22,091 0.300 - 100.000000 

10/23/19 10/31/19 1.500% note—10/31/24-AF 5y 102,914 45,287 1.570 - 99.664649 

10/24/19 10/31/19 1.625% note—10/31/26-R 7y 81,980 35,346 1.657 - 99.789325 

11/05/19 11/07/19 1.565% bill—11/05/20 364d 79,412 28,000 

11/05/19 11/15/19 1.625% note—11/15/22-F 3y 116,634 55,993 1.630 - 99.985419 

11/06/19 11/15/19 1.750% note—11/15/29-F 10y 79,966 39,785 1.809 - 99.462502 

11/07/19 11/15/19 2.375% bond—11/15/49 30y 51,416 27,997 2.430 - 98.833264 

11/20/19 11/26/19 1.540% CMB—12/12/19 16d 54,450 15,000 

11/21/19 11/29/19 0.250% TIPS—07/15/29-D 9y 8m 28,854 12,000 0.149 - 101.340677 

11/25/19 12/02/19 1.500% note—11/30/21-BK 2y 108,198 43,176 1.601 - 99.802444 

11/26/19 11/29/19 0.300% FRN—10/31/21-BJ 1y 11m 45,023 18,000 0.240 - 100.114271 

11/26/19 12/02/19 1.500% note—11/30/24-AG 5y 105,797 44,255 1.587 - 99.583769 

11/27/19 12/02/19 1.625% note—11/30/26-S 7y 80,676 34,540 1.719 - 99.382918 

12/03/19 12/05/19 1.525% bill—12/03/20 364d 88,145 26,000 

12/06/19 12/09/19 0.300% FRN—10/31/21-BJ 1y 11m 135 25 0.245 - 100.103141 

12/09/19 12/16/19 1.625% note—12/15/22-AU 3y 97,286 38,000 1.632 - 99.979569 

12/10/19 12/16/19 1.750% note—11/15/29-F 9y 11m 58,379 24,000 1.842 - 99.168608 

12/12/19 12/16/19 2.375% bond—11/15/49 29y 11m 39,280 16,000 2.307 - 101.461576 

12/18/19 12/27/19 0.300% FRN—10/31/21-BJ 1y 10m 75,000 18,000 0.260 - 100.072963 

12/19/19 12/31/19 0.125% TIPS—10/15/24-AE 4y 10m 41,799 16,412 0.020 - 100.801136 

12/23/19 12/31/19 1.625% note—12/31/21-BL 2y 95,952 43,765 1.653 - 99.945138 

12/24/19 12/31/19 1.750% note—12/31/24-AH 5y 105,896 44,859 1.756 - 99.971399 

12/26/19 12/31/19 1.750% note—12/31/26-T 7y 81,925 35,012 1.835 - 99.444016 

1 Currently, all issues are sold at auction. For bill issues, the rate shown is the high bank 

discount rate. For note and bond issues, the rate shown is the interest rate. For details of 

bill offerings, see table PDO-1. As of October 1, 1997, all Treasury issues of notes and 

bonds are eligible for STRIPS. 

2 From date of additional issue in case of a reopening. 

3 In reopenings, the amount accepted is in addition to the amount of original offerings. 

4 Includes securities issued to the Federal Reserve System; and to foreign and international 

monetary authorities, whether in exchange for maturing securities or for new cash. 

Note—Amounts listed as tendered and accepted are amounts tendered and awarded on 

auction day. 
38 

March 2020 

INTRODUCTION: Ownership of Federal Securities 

Federal securities presented in the following tables are 

public debt securities such as savings bonds, bills, notes, and 

bonds that the Treasury issues. The tables also detail debt 

issued by other Federal agencies under special financing 

authorities. [See the Federal debt (FD) tables for a more 

complete description of the Federal debt.] 

Effective January 1, 2001, Treasury’s Bureau of the 

Fiscal Service revised formats, titles, and column headings 

in the “Monthly Statement of the Public Debt of the United 

States,” Table I: Summary of Treasury Securities 

Outstanding and Table II: Statutory Debt Limit. These 

changes should reduce confusion and bring the publication 

more in line with the public’s use of terms. 

Treasury’s Bureau of the Fiscal Service compiles data in 

the “Treasury Bulletin” table OFS-1 from the “Monthly 

Statement of the Public Debt of the United States.” Effective 

June 2001, Bureau of the Fiscal Service revised procedures 

and categories in this table to agree with the Bureau of the 

Fiscal Service’s publication changes. 

 Table OFS-1 presents Treasury marketable and

nonmarketable securities and debt issued by other Federal 

agencies held by Government accounts, the FRBs, and 

private investors. Social Security and Federal retirement 

trust fund investments comprise much of the Government 

account holdings. 

The FRBs acquire Treasury securities in the market as a 

means of executing monetary policy. 

 Table OFS-2 presents the estimated ownership of

U.S. Treasury securities. Information is primarily obtained 

from the Federal Reserve Board of Governors Flow of Funds 

data, Table L209. State, local, and foreign holdings include 

special issues of nonmarketable securities to municipal 

entities and foreign official accounts. They also include 

municipal, foreign official, and private holdings of 

marketable Treasury securities. (See footnotes to the table 

for description of investor categories.) 
39 

March 2020 

TABLE OFS-1—Distribution of Federal Securities by Class of Investors and Type of Issues 

[In millions of dollars. Source: Bureau of the Fiscal Service] 

End of

fiscal year 

or month 

 Total 

 Federal 

 securities 

 outstanding 

 (1) 

Public debt securities 

Held by U.S. Government accounts Public issues 

held by Federal 

Reserve banks 

(6) 

 Total 

 outstanding 

 (2) 

Total 

(3) 

 Marketable 

 (4) 

Nonmarketable 

(5) 

2015 ................................................ 18,174,718 18,150,618 5,026,867 - 5,026,867 2,802,101 

2016 ................................................ 19,597,812 19,573,445 5,395,699 - 5,395,699 2,830,115 

2017 ................................................ 20,269,269 20,244,900 5,563,074 - 5,563,074 2,867,555 

2018 ................................................ 21,538,880 21,516,058 5,737,252 - 5,737,252 2,697,860 

2019 ................................................ 22,740,857 22,719,402 5,893,424 - 5,893,424 2,436,438 

2018 - Dec....................................... 21,997,036 21,974,096 5,853,354 - 5,853,354 2,594,652 

2019 - Jan ....................................... 22,005,220 21,982,423 5,862,428 - 5,862,428 2,574,546 

Feb ...................................... 22,138,026 22,115,526 5,845,051 - 5,845,051 2,540,780 

Mar ...................................... 22,050,081 22,027,880 5,804,029 - 5,804,029 2,536,673 

 Apr....................................... 22,049,873 22,027,668 5,816,978 - 5,816,978 2,479,643 

May...................................... 22,048,574 22,026,424 5,806,506 - 5,806,506 2,459,105 

June..................................... 22,045,280 22,023,283 5,818,564 - 5,818,564 2,452,784 

 July...................................... 22,044,255 22,022,369 5,795,177 - 5,795,177 2,416,844

Aug ...................................... 22,482,155 22,460,467 5,847,510 - 5,847,510 2,424,708

Sept..................................... 22,740,857 22,719,402 5,893,424 - 5,893,424 2,436,438

Oct....................................... 23,029,685 23,008,410 6,010,478 - 6,010,478 2,492,572 

Nov...................................... 23,097,400 23,076,199 5,953,691 - 5,953,691 2,560,109 

Dec...................................... 23,222,591 23,201,380 6,013,988 - 6,013,988 2,637,320 

Public debt securities, continued Agency securities1 

End of 

fiscal year 

or month 

Held by private investors 

Total 

outstanding 

 (10) 

Held by 

private 

investors 

(11) 

Held by 

Government 

accounts 

(12) 

Total 

(7) 

Marketable 

(8) 

 Nonmarketable 

 (9) 

2015 ................................................ 10,321,650 10,051,650 270,000 24,100 24,095 5

2016 ................................................ 11,347,631 10,830,489 517,142 24,367 24,363 4

2017 ................................................ 11,814,271 11,332,237 482,034 24,369 24,368 1

2018 ................................................ 13,080,946 12,580,185 500,761 22,822 22,822 -

2019 ................................................ 22,719,402 16,347,340 478,637 21,455 21,455 -

2018 – Dec...................................... 13,526,090 13,023,655 502,435 22,940 22,940 -

2019 - Jan ....................................... 13,545,449 13,045,301 500,148 22,797 22,797 -

Feb ...................................... 13,729,695 13,228,897 500,799 22,500 22,500 -

Mar ...................................... 13,687,178 13,402,225 284,953 22,201 22,201 -

 Apr....................................... 13,731,047 13,401,269 329,779 22,205 22,205 -

May...................................... 13,760,813 13,482,146 278,667 22,150 22,150 -

June..................................... 13,751,935 13,478,115 273,819 21,997 21,997 -

 July...................................... 13,725,748 13,488,497 259,051 21,886 21,886 -

Aug ...................................... 14,194,856 13,687,202 466,650 21,688 21,688 -

Sept..................................... 14,448,054 13,894,556 478,637 21,455 21,455 -

Oct....................................... 14,505,360 14,021,552 483,808 21,275 21,275 -

Nov...................................... 14,562,399 14,067,636 494,763 21,201 21,201 -

Dec...................................... 14,550,072 14,044,816 505,256 21,211 21,211 -

Note—Public issues held by the Federal Reserve banks have been revised to 

include Ginnie Mae and exclude the following Government-Sponsored Enterprises: 

Federal National Mortgage Association, Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation, 

and the Federal Home Loan Bank System. 
40 

March 2020 

TABLE OFS-2—Estimated Ownership of U.S. Treasury Securities 

[In billions of dollars. Source: Office of Debt Management, Office of the Under Secretary for Domestic Finance] 

Federal 

Reserve and 

Government

accounts 2

(2) 

Pension funds 3

End of month 

Total 

public 

debt 1

(1) 

Total 

privately 

held 

(3) 

 Depository 

 institutions 3, 4

 (4) 

U.S. 

savings 

bonds 5

(5) 

 Private 6

 (6) 

State and 

local 

governments 

 (7) 

 Insurance 

 compa- 

 nies 3

 (8) 

Mutual 

funds 3, 7

(9) 

 State and 

 local 

 govern- 

 ments 3

 (10) 

 Foreign 

 and inter- 

 national 8

 (11) 

Other 

 investors 9

 (12) 

2019 - Dec......... 23,201.4 8,359.9 14,841.5 - 151.3 - - - - - - -

 Sept........ 22,719.4 8,023.6 14,695.8 909.9 152.3 727.5 424.5 208.2 2,173.5 676.7 6,779.2 2,644.0 

 June ....... 22,023.5 7,945.2 14,078.4 810.0 153.4 506.0 414.7 202.1 1,929.9 674.5 6,640.5 2,747.3 

 Mar. ........ 22,028.0 7,999.1 14,028.9 771.3 154.5 478.2 405.1 201.1 2,058.3 691.8 6,474.9 2,793.6 

2018 - Dec......... 21,974.1 8,095.0 13,879.1 771.5 155.7 670.9 372.8 203.7 2,023.3 693.0 6,270.5 2,717.6 

 Sept........ 21,516.1 8,068.1 13,447.9 683.9 156.8 644.0 304.7 226.1 1,898.2 722.2 6,225.9 2,586.3 

 June ....... 21,195.3 8,106.9 13,088.5 665.3 157.8 622.5 307.3 225.9 1,843.4 727.3 6,225.0 2,314.0 

 Mar......... 21,089.9 8,086.6 13,003.3 639.7 159.0 597.7 300.1 361.8 1,977.1 712.9 6,223.4 2,031.6 

2017 - Dec......... 20,492.7 8,132.1 12,360.6 638.3 160.4 432.0 289.4 372.6 1,797.5 732.3 6,211.3 1,726.9 

 Sept........ 20,244.9 8,036.9 12,208.0 611.8 161.7 570.8 266.5 359.7 1,697.8 716.0 6,301.9 1,521.9 

 June ....... 19,844.6 7,943.4 11,901.1 621.9 162.8 425.9 262.8 348.4 1,608.5 736.4 6,151.9 1,582.5 

 Mar......... 19,846.4 7,941.1 11,905.3 658.6 164.2 444.2 239.5 338.4 1,669.1 751.1 6,075.3 1,564.9 

2016 - Dec......... 19,976.9 8,005.6 11,971.3 663.9 165.8 538.0 218.8 330.2 1,705.4 744.2 6,006.3 1,598.8 

 Sept........ 19,573.4 7,863.5 11,709.9 627.6 167.5 545.6 203.8 341.2 1,600.4 734.0 6,155.9 1,333.9 

 June ....... 19,381.6 7,911.2 11,470.4 580.6 169.0 537.9 185.0 329.8 1,434.2 710.0 6,279.1 1,244.8 

 Mar......... 19,264.9 7,801.4 11,463.6 562.9 170.3 524.4 170.4 315.5 1,404.1 692.6 6,284.4 1,339.0 

2015 - Dec......... 18,922.2 7,711.2 11,211.0 547.4 171.6 504.7 174.5 306.7 1,318.3 680.4 6,146.2 1,361.1 

 Sept........ 18,150.6 7,488.7 10,661.9 519.1 172.8 305.3 171.0 306.6 1,195.1 646.4 6,105.9 1,239.7 

 June ....... 18,152.0 7,536.5 10,615.5 518.5 173.9 373.8 185.7 304.3 1,139.8 655.0 6,163.1 1,101.3 

 Mar......... 18,152.1 7,521.3 10,630.8 518.1 174.9 447.8 176.7 305.1 1,170.4 674.2 6,172.6 990.9 

2014 - Dec......... 18,141.4 7,578.9 10,562.6 516.8 175.9 507.1 199.2 307.0 1,121.8 654.5 6,157.7 922.4 

 Sept........ 17,824.1 7,490.8 10,333.2 471.1 176.7 490.7 198.7 298.1 1,075.8 628.7 6,069.2 924.1 

 June ....... 17,632.6 7,461.0 10,171.6 409.5 177.6 482.6 198.3 287.7 986.2 638.8 6,018.7 972.1 

 Mar......... 17,601.2 7,301.5 10,299.7 368.4 178.3 474.3 184.3 276.8 1,060.4 632.0 5,948.3 1,177.0 

2013 - Dec......... 17,352.0 7,205.3 10,146.6 321.1 179.2 464.9 181.3 271.2 983.3 633.6 5,792.6 1,319.5 

 Sept........ 16,738.2 6,834.2 9,904.0 293.2 180.0 347.8 187.5 273.2 986.1 624.3 5,652.8 1,359.1 

 June ....... 16,738.2 6,773.3 9,964.9 300.2 180.9 444.5 187.7 276.2 1,000.1 612.6 5,595.0 1,367.8 

 Mar......... 16,771.6 6,656.8 10,114.8 338.9 181.7 463.4 193.4 284.3 1,066.7 615.6 5,725.0 1,245.7 

2012 - Dec......... 16,432.7 6,523.7 9,909.1 347.7 182.5 468.0 183.6 292.7 1,031.8 599.6 5,573.8 1,229.4 

 Sept........ 16,066.2 6,446.8 9,619.4 338.2 183.8 453.9 181.7 292.6 1,080.7 596.9 5,476.1 1,015.4 

 June ....... 15,855.5 6,475.8 9,379.7 303.2 184.7 427.4 171.2 293.6 997.8 585.4 5,310.9 1,105.4 

 Mar......... 15,582.3 6,397.2 9,185.1 317.0 184.8 406.6 169.4 298.1 1,015.4 567.4 5,145.1 1,081.2 

2011 - Dec......... 15,222.8 6,439.6 8,783.3 279.7 185.2 391.9 160.7 297.3 927.9 562.2 5,006.9 971.4 

 Sept........ 14,790.3 6,328.0 8,462.4 293.8 185.1 373.6 155.7 259.6 788.7 557.9 4,912.1 935.8 

 June ....... 14,343.1 6,220.4 8,122.7 279.4 186.0 251.8 158.0 254.8 753.7 572.2 4,690.6 976.1 

 Mar......... 14,270.0 5,958.9 8,311.1 321.0 186.7 215.8 157.9 253.5 749.4 585.3 4,481.4 1,360.1 

2010 - Dec......... 14,025.2 5,656.2 8,368.9 319.3 187.9 206.8 153.7 248.4 721.7 595.7 4,435.6 1,499.9 

 Sept........ 13,561.6 5,350.5 8,211.1 322.8 188.7 198.2 145.2 240.6 671.0 586.0 4,324.2 1,534.4 

 June ....... 13,201.8 5,345.1 7,856.7 266.1 189.6 190.8 150.1 231.8 676.8 584.4 4,070.0 1,497.1 

 Mar......... 12,773.1 5,259.8 7,513.3 269.3 190.2 183.0 153.6 225.7 678.5 585.0 3,877.9 1,350.1 

2009 - Dec......... 12,311.3 5,276.9 7,034.4 202.5 191.3 175.6 151.4 222.0 668.8 585.6 3,685.1 1,152.1 

 Sept........ 11,909.8 5,127.1 6,782.7 198.2 192.5 167.2 145.6 210.2 668.5 583.6 3,570.6 1,046.3 

 June ....... 11,545.3 5,026.8 6,518.5 140.8 193.6 164.1 144.6 200.0 711.8 588.5 3,460.8 914.2 

 Mar......... 11,126.9 4,785.2 6,341.7 125.7 194.0 155.4 137.0 191.0 721.1 588.2 3,265.7 963.7 1 Source: “Monthly Statement of the Public Debt of the United States” (MSPD). Face value. 

2 Sources: Federal Reserve Bulletin, Table 1.18, Federal Reserve banks, statement of 

condition, for System Open Market Accounts; and the U.S. Treasury MSPD for 

intragovernmental holdings. Federal Reserve holdings exclude Treasury securities held 

under repurchase agreements. As of February 2005, the debt held by Government 

Accounts was renamed to Intragovernmental holdings. 

3 Source: Federal Reserve Board of Governors, Flow of Funds Table L.210. 

4 Includes U.S. chartered depository institutions, foreign banking offices in U.S., banks in 

U.S. affiliated areas, credit unions and bank holding companies. 

5 Sources: “Monthly Statement of the Public Debt of the United States” from January 1996. 

From December 2014 to September 2018, includes savings bonds issued to myRA 

accounts. Current accrual value. 

6 Includes U.S. Treasury securities held by the Federal Employees Retirement System 

Thrift Savings Plan "G Fund".

7 Includes money market mutual funds, mutual funds, and closed-end investment 

companies.

8 Source: Federal Reserve Board Treasury International Capital Survey. Includes 

nonmarketable foreign series, Treasury securities, and Treasury deposit funds. Excludes 

Treasury securities held under repurchase agreements in custody accounts at the Federal 

Reserve Bank of New York. For additional information, see: 

http://www.treasury.gov/resource-center/data-chart-center/tic/pages/index.aspx. 

9 Includes individuals, Government-sponsored enterprises, brokers and dealers, bank 

personal trusts and estates, corporate and non-corporate businesses, and other investors. 
41 

March 2020 

INTRODUCTION: U.S. Currency and Coin Outstanding and in Circulation 

The U.S. Currency and Coin Outstanding and in 

Circulation (USCC) statement informs the public of the total 

face value of currency and coin used as a medium of 

exchange that is in circulation at the end of a given 

accounting month. The statement defines the total amount of 

currency and coin outstanding and the portion deemed to be 

in circulation. It includes some old and current rare issues 

that do not circulate or that may do so to a limited extent. 

Treasury includes them in the statement because the issues 

were originally intended for general circulation. 

The USCC statement provides a description of the 

various issues of paper money. It also gives an estimated 

average of currency and coin held by each individual, using 

estimates of population from the Bureau of the Census. 

USCC information has been published by Treasury since 

1888, and was published separately until 1983, when it was 

incorporated into the “Treasury Bulletin.” The USCC comes 

from monthly reports compiled by Treasury offices, U.S. 

Mint offices, the Federal Reserve banks (FRBs), and the 

Federal Reserve Board. 

TABLE USCC-1—Amounts Outstanding and in Circulation, Dec. 31, 2019 

[Source: Bureau of the Fiscal Service] 

Currency 

Total 

currency 

and coin 

(1) 

Total currency 

(2) 

Federal Reserve notes 1

(3) 

U.S. notes 

(4) 

Currency no 

longer issued 

(5) 

Amounts outstanding .............................. $2,005,918,939,347 $1,956,323,304,061 $1,955,847,936,553 $239,051,966 $236,315,542

Less amounts held by: 

The Treasury....................................... 249,464,889 53,926,889 53,723,033 7,505 196,351

FRBs ................................................... 198,078,458,049 196,421,308,423 196,421,299,383 26 9,014

Amounts in circulation ............................. $1,807,591,016,409 $1,759,848,068,749 $1,759,372,914,137 $239,044,435 $236,110,177

Coins 2

Total 

(1) 

Dollars 2, 3 

(2) 

Fractional 

coins 

(3) 

Amounts outstanding .............................. $49,595,635,286 6,547,064,108 43,048,571,178 

Less amounts held by: 

The Treasury....................................... 195,538,000 48,770,000 146,768,000 

FRBs ................................................... 1,657,149,626 1,078,615,496 578,534,130 

Amounts in circulation ............................. $47,742,947,660 $5,419,678,612 $ 42,323,269,048 

See footnotes following table USCC-2. 
42 

March 2020 

TABLE USCC-2—Amounts Outstanding and in Circulation, Dec. 31, 2019 

[Source: Bureau of the Fiscal Service] 

Currency in circulation by denomination 

Total 

(1) 

Federal Reserve notes 1 

(2) 

U.S. notes 

(3) 

Currency no 

longer issued 

(4) 

$1 ................................................................................ $12,686,552,228 $12,546,773,874 $143,503 $139,634,851 

$2 ................................................................................ 2,668,573,866 2,537,114,598 131,446,692 12,576 

$5 ................................................................................ 15,780,727,165 15,650,736,085 107,433,010 22,558,070 

$10 .............................................................................. 20,875,450,490 20,855,662,080 6,300 19,782,110 

$20 .............................................................................. 190,541,219,300 190,521,112,900 3,840 20,102,560

$50 .............................................................................. 92,288,643,200 92,277,147,500 500 11,495,200 

$100 ............................................................................ 1,424,694,742,900 1,424,672,766,100 - 21,976,800 

$500 ............................................................................ 141,770,000 141,577,000 5,500 187,500 

$1,000 ......................................................................... 165,174,000 164,964,000 5,000 205,000 

$5,000 ......................................................................... 1,765,000 1,710,000 - 55,000 

$10,000 ....................................................................... 3,450,000 3,350,000 - 100,000 

Fractional notes 5 ........................................................ 600 - 90 510 

Total currency ......................................................... $ 1,759,848,068,749 $1,759,372,914,137 $ 239,044,435 $236,110,177 

Comparative totals of currency and coins in circulation—selected dates 

 Amounts (in millions) 

 (1) 

 Per capita 4 

(2) 

Dec. 31, 2019....................................................................................... 1,807,591 5,472

Nov. 30, 2019....................................................................................... 1,793,012 5,431

Oct. 31, 2019 ....................................................................................... 1,781,050 5,397

Sept. 30, 2015...................................................................................... 1,387,552 4,310

Sept. 30, 2010...................................................................................... 954,719 3,074

Sept. 30, 2005...................................................................................... 766,487 2,578

Sept. 30, 2000...................................................................................... 568,614 2,061

Sept. 30, 1995...................................................................................... 409,272 1,553

Sept. 30, 1990...................................................................................... 278,903 1,105

Sept. 30, 1985...................................................................................... 187,337 782

Sept. 30, 1980...................................................................................... 129,916 581

June 30, 1975 ...................................................................................... 81,196 380

June 30, 1970 ...................................................................................... 54,351 265

June 30, 1965 ...................................................................................... 39,719 204

1 Issued on or after July 1, 1929. 

2 Excludes coins sold to collectors at premium prices. 

3 Includes $481,781,898 in standard silver dollars. 

4 Based on Bureau of the Census estimates of population.

5 Represents value of certain partial denominations not presented for redemption. 

6 Represents current FRB adjustment. 
ForeignCurrencyPositions

ExchangeStabilizationFund

45 

March 2020 

INTRODUCTION: Foreign Currency Positions

The “Treasury Bulletin” reports foreign currency 

holdings of large foreign exchange market participants. 

These reports provide information on positions in derivative 

instruments, such as foreign exchange futures and options 

that are increasingly used in establishing foreign exchange 

positions but were not covered in the old reports. 

The information is based on reports of large foreign 

exchange market participants on holdings of five major 

foreign currencies (Canadian dollar, Japanese yen, Swiss 

franc, pound sterling, and euro) and the U.S. dollar. 

Positions in the U.S. dollar, which have been collected since 

January 1999, are intended to approximate “all other” 

currency positions of reporting institutions. U.S.-based 

businesses file a consolidated report for their domestic and 

foreign subsidiaries, branches, and agencies. U.S. 

subsidiaries of foreign entities file only for themselves, not 

for their foreign parents. Filing is required by law (31 United 

States Code 5315; 31 Code of Federal Regulations 128, 

Subpart C). 

Weekly and monthly reports must be filed throughout the 

calendar year by major foreign exchange market 

participants, which are defined as market participants with 

more than $50 billion equivalent in foreign exchange 

contracts on the last business day of any calendar quarter 

during the previous year (end March, September, September, 

or December). Such contracts include the amounts of foreign 

exchange spot contracts bought and sold, foreign exchange 

forward contracts bought and sold, foreign exchange futures 

bought and sold, and one half the notional amount of foreign 

exchange options bought and sold. 

A quarterly report must be filed throughout the calendar 

year by each foreign exchange market participant that had 

more than $5 billion equivalent in foreign exchange 

contracts on the last business day of any quarter the previous 

year (end March, June, September, or December). 

This information is published in six sections 

corresponding to each of the major currencies covered by the 

reports. Tables I-1 through VI-1 present the currency data 

reported weekly by major market participants. Tables I-2 

through VI-2 present more detailed currency data of major 

market participants, based on monthly reports. Tables I-3 

through VI-3 present quarterly consolidated currency data 

reported by large market participants that do not file weekly 

reports. The information in the tables referenced above is 

based on the reports referenced in this Introduction: Foreign 

Currency Positions and is not audited by the Federal Reserve 

banks or the Treasury Department. 

Principal exchanged under cross-currency interest rate 

swaps is reported as part of purchases or sales of foreign 

exchange. Such principal also was noted separately on 

monthly and quarterly reports through December 1998, 

when this practice was discontinued. The net options 

position, or the net delta-equivalent value of an options 

position, is an estimate of the relationship between an 

option’s value and an equivalent currency hedge. The delta 

equivalent value is defined as the product of the first partial 

derivative of an option valuation formula (with respect to the 

price of the underlying currency) multiplied by the notional 

principal of the contract. 

The data reported herein may occasionally differ with 

respect to time periods noted in prior issues of this Bulletin 

due to revisions from reporting market participants that arise 

from quality assurance controls. 
FOREIGN CURRENCY POSITIONS 

March 2020 

46 

SECTION I—Canadian Dollar Positions 

TABLE FCP-I-1—Weekly Report of Major Market Participants 

[In millions of Canadian dollars. Source: Treasury Foreign Currency Reporting] 

Report date 

Spot, forward and future contracts Net options 

 positions 

(3) 

Exchange 

rate 

(Canadian 

dollars per 

U.S. dollar) 

(4) 

Purchased 

(1) 

Sold 

(2) 

 

07/03/2019 1,974,322 2,093,885 -102 1.3070 

07/10/2019 2,066,456 2,182,576 -102 1.3099 

07/17/2019 1,984,337 2,096,849 -74 1.3041 

07/24/2019 2,004,821 2,115,417 n.a. 1.3134 

07/31/2019 2,091,749 2,197,628 -94 1.3143 

 

08/07/2019 2,063,320 2,168,726 -136 1.3330 

08/14/2019 2,058,467 2,151,315 -167 1.3320 

08/21/2019 2,088,262 2,189,435 -109 1.3275 

08/28/2019 2,200,298 2,289,870 -94 1.3299 

09/04/2019 2,245,328 2,425,336 -94 1.3248 

09/11/2019 2,297,242 2,508,967 -74 1.3199 

09/18/2019 1,959,927 2,148,529 -194 1.3283 

09/25/2019 1,984,776 2,128,300 -163 1.3279 

10/02/2019 1,942,789 2,059,101 -109 1.3313 

10/09/2019 1,960,149 2,071,793 -116 1.3327 

10/16/2019 1,992,324 2,105,775 -119 1.3191 

10/23/2019 1,965,715 2,084,031 -94 1.3089 

10/30/2019 2,105,033 2,213,230 -141 1.3179 

 

11/06/2019 2,009,185 2,130,476 -172 1.3187 

11/13/2019 2,037,912 2,152,243 -199 1.3239 

11/20/2019 2,054,874 2,282,203 -153 1.3317 

11/27/2019 2,015,519 2,259,411 -164 1.3284 

12/04/2019 1,982,648 2,225,842 -137 1.3212 

12/11/2019 2,094,137 2,336,632 -160 1.3202 

12/18/2019 1,761,252 1,976,479 -155 1.3117 

12/24/2019 1,687,924 1,862,678 -165 1.3160 

12/31/2019 1,691,670 1,850,228 -134 1.2962 

 

 
FOREIGN CURRENCY POSITIONS 

March 2020 

47 

SECTION I—Canadian Dollar Positions, continued 

TABLE FCP-I-2—Monthly Report of Major Market Participants 

[In millions of Canadian dollars. Source: Treasury Foreign Currency Reporting] 

Report date 

Spot, forward 

and future contracts 

Foreign currency 

denominated 

Options positions Exchange rate 

(Canadian 

dollars per 

U.S. dollar) 

(10) 

Calls Puts Net delta 

equivalent

(9) 

Purchased 

(1) 

Sold 

(2) 

Assets 

(3) 

Liabilities 

(4) 

Bought 

(5) 

Written 

(6) 

Bought 

(7) 

Written 

(8) 

 

2017 - Dec. 1,486,798 1,561,949 288,642 241,105 46,583 40,354 70,598 67,895 -29 1.2517 

2018 - Dec.. 1,738,245 1,819,509 313,369 302,946 43,236 38,625 76,598 72,266 -5 1.3644 

2019 - Jan. 2,008,147 2,191,117 344,037 268,174 50,531 44,893 87,861 83,410 -112 1.3140 

 Feb. 2,136,468 2,232,228 349,319 274,883 52,447 42,902 84,833 80,561 -134 1.3166 

 Mar. 1,932,204 2,026,074 485,689 473,294 49,833 41,370 85,649 79,112 -103 1.3360 

 Apr. 2,021,461 2,136,768 319,065 296,271 60,011 42,893 91,248 83,485 -21 1.3427 

 May 2,182,404 2,299,272 344,574 324,548 65,434 47,715 96,213 89,375 -37 1.3523 

 June 2,022,692 2,135,708 373,241 290,861 67,300 49,043 90,126 83,223 -84 1.3091 

 July 2,101,493 2,197,443 367,436 281,004 58,534 50,862 87,426 79,284 -78 1.3143 

 Aug. 2,225,830 2,308,280 331,241 287,894 53,891 47,801 88,109 81,851 -30 1.3290 

 Sept. 1,923,578 1,994,423 332,378 281,130 51,543 46,348 75,631 67,715 -95 1.3243 

 Oct. 2,057,220 2,131,221 378,747 288,598 53,572 50,260 77,479 69,186 -163 1.3144 

 Nov. 1,939,930 2,009,440 377,011 n.a 53,563 49,493 70,349 68,590 -141 1.3291 

 Dec. 1,638,356 1,699,212 471,806 n.a 49,215 46,379 65,623 63,132 -129 1.2962 

 

TABLE FCP-I-3—Quarterly Report of Large Market Participants 

[In millions of Canadian dollars. Source: Treasury Foreign Currency Reporting] 

Report date 

Spot, forward 

and future contracts 

Foreign currency 

denominated 

Options positions Exchange rate 

(Canadian 

dollars per 

U.S. dollar) 

(10) 

Calls Puts 

Net delta 

equivalent 

(9) 

Purchased 

(1) 

Sold 

(2) 

Assets 

(3) 

Liabilities 

(4) 

Bought 

(5) 

Written 

(6) 

Bought 

(7) 

 Written 

 (8) 

 

2016 - Dec. 38,266 68,203 154,935 124,039 401 397 2,393 n.a. n.a. 1.3426 

2017 - Mar. 38,456 72,918 163,394 117,313 482 393 946 563 n.a. 1.3321 

 June 36,779 75,076 146,175 112,640 1,726 827 790 823 n.a. 1.2982 

 Sept. 35,092 64,307 145,296 93,483 1,179 785 587 345 12 1.2509 

 Dec. 33,411 65,839 131,559 88,031 534 483 n.a. 1,372 n.a. 1.2517 

2018 - Mar. 30,951 67,926 138,067 96,580 1,522 1,210 1,761 n.a. -374 1.2891 

 June 35,482 69,299 150,243 n.a. 920 1,052 3,455 2,751 n.a. 1.3140 

 Sept. 36,139 66,217 154,540 107,071 608 493 2,173 n.a. n.a. 1.2922 

 Dec. 29,734 61,026 139,329 98,110 696 346 3,017 1,941 18 1.3644 

2019 - Mar. 28,444 61,318 135,230 n.a. 326 276 2,650 471 2 1.3360 

 June 35,369 66,869 140,156 n.a. 1,254 661 n.a. 427 n.a. 1.3091 

 Sept. 37,713 70,957 132,318 n.a. 527 393 n.a. 653 -2 1.3243 

 
FOREIGN CURRENCY POSITIONS 

March 2020 

48 

SECTION II—Japanese Yen Positions 

TABLE FCP-II-1—Weekly Report of Major Market Participants 

[In billions of Japanese yen. Source: Treasury Foreign Currency Reporting] 

 Exchange 

rate 

(Japanese 

yen per 

U.S. dollar) 

Report date (4) 

Spot, forward and future contracts 

Net options positions 

(3) 

Purchased 

(1) 

Sold 

(2) 

 

07/03/2019 545,936 556,951 7 107.84 

07/10/2019 569,502 575,748 9 108.44 

07/17/2019 558,151 565,590 7 108.10 

07/24/2019 568,683 573,714 - 108.08 

07/31/2019 598,459 606,462 -8 108.58 

 

08/07/2019 612,844 622,783 - 105.62 

08/14/2019 612,877 620,193 16 105.79 

08/21/2019 604,818 612,851 13 106.52 

08/28/2019 629,076 637,962 15 105.86 

 

09/04/2019 647,373 656,314 23 106.28 

09/11/2019 642,859 650,106 -5 107.73 

09/18/2019 607,542 613,624 -1 108.17 

09/25/2019 634,086 640,417 -3 107.78 

 

10/02/2019 636,749 642,847 - 107.21 

10/09/2019 618,526 620,230 -17 107.43 

10/16/2019 623,088 624,575 -24 108.71 

10/23/2019 617,840 616,554 -24 108.64 

10/30/2019 628,821 630,966 -30 108.88 

 

11/06/2019 621,843 624,235 -32 108.86 

11/13/2019 609,320 611,368 -28 108.83 

11/20/2019 590,392 591,380 -34 108.67 

11/27/2019 598,571 599,148 n.a 109.38 

 

12/04/2019 605,382 610,007 n.a. 108.87 

12/11/2019 598,676 603,017 n.a. 108.67 

12/18/2019 559,072 561,521 n.a. 109.58 

12/24/2019 534,137 536,966 n.a. 109.38 

12/31/2019 524,470 529,878 n.a. 108.67 
FOREIGN CURRENCY POSITIONS 

March 2020 

49 

SECTION II—Japanese Yen Positions, continued 

TABLE FCP-II-2—Monthly Report of Major Market Participants 

[In billions of Japanese yen. Source: Treasury Foreign Currency Reporting] 

Report date 

Spot, forward 

and future contracts 

Foreign currency 

denominated 

Options positions Exchange rate 

(Japanese yen 

per U.S. dollar) 

(10) 

Calls Puts Net delta 

equivalent 

(9) 

Purchased 

(1) 

Sold 

(2) 

Assets 

(3) 

Liabilities 

(4) 

Bought 

(5) 

Written 

(6) 

Bought 

(7) 

 Written 

 (8) 

 

2017 - Dec. 504,078 520,500 122,567 108,990 24,449 23,590 46,603 47,891 -88 112.69 

2018 - Dec. 563,910 575,977 148,629 116,910 32,541 33,380 53,035 53,747 122 109.70 

2019 - Jan. 605,134 611,246 143,459 112,211 33,906 34,999 57,953 57,340 123 108.84 

 Feb. 614,469 624,963 154,848 115,624 34,037 34,501 55,716 55,745 107 111.38 

 Mar. 576,499 588,375 138,745 119,149 34,184 33,947 57,532 59,442 81 110.68 

 Apr. 582,292 593,294 148,804 118,428 31,483 31,046 55,195 57,116 80 111.40 

 May 594,183 605,407 147,694 123,962 35,930 35,432 59,775 61,455 106 108.66 

 June 571,660 584,948 145,197 126,866 35,444 34,475 56,015 58,105 76 107.84 

 July 605,719 615,544 141,232 117,120 35,056 35,194 54,776 55,999 48 108.58 

 Aug. 628,311 637,786 148,876 126,595 38,487 40,331 59,132 59,722 61 106.30 

 Sept. 625,867 633,319 164,472 128,867 34,556 36,283 56,576 57,269 25 108.11 

 Oct. 627,992 631,273 148,295 120,671 32,649 33,934 54,940 56,034 9 108.09 

 Nov. 595,565 595,977 142,695 122,471 32,666 35,307 51,103 54,503 -35 109.47 

 Dec. 514,008 518,815 128,983 110,323 29,712 31,697 46,539 50,688 -34 108.67 

 

TABLE FCP-II-3—Quarterly Report of Large Market Participants 

[In billions of Japanese yen. Source: Treasury Foreign Currency Reporting] 

Report date 

Spot, forward 

and future contracts 

Foreign currency 

denominated 

Options positions Exchange rate 

(Japanese yen 

per U.S. dollar) 

(10) 

Calls Puts Net delta 

equivalent 

(9) 

Purchased 

(1) 

Sold 

(2) 

Assets 

(3) 

Liabilities 

(4) 

Bought 

(5) 

Written 

(6) 

Bought 

(7) 

 Written 

 (8) 

 

2016 - Dec. 7,108 5,182 7,472 6,167 352 303 1,006 912 n.a. 116.78 

2017 - Mar. 9,579 6,990 8,034 6,134 420 486 841 554 -1 111.41 

 June 8,848 7,755 6,915 6,245 n.a. 438 539 386 -1 112.40 

 Sept. 6,536 6,008 7,693 6,769 800 670 609 n.a. 46 112.64 

 Dec. 6,451 6,017 7,824 6,224 n.a. 373 537 n.a. 3 112.69 

2018 - Mar. 7,528 5,557 8,133 5,332 n.a. 568 568 312 -1 106.2 

 June 8,528 6,807 8,813 6,062 371 432 446 259 -4 110.71 

 Sept. 8,632 8,294 9,056 6,455 432 518 387 145 -9 113.48 

 Dec. 8,255 5,873 8,065 6,269 489 505 440 153 49 109.7 

2019 - Mar. 7,534 6,937 9,217 6,776 276 500 423 120 3 110.68 

 June 7,690 6,332 9,300 6,496 483 535 658 179 -38 107.84 

 Sept. 7,663 6,731 8,406 5,728 282 428 538 126 1 108.11 

 
FOREIGN CURRENCY POSITIONS 

March 2020 

50 

SECTION III—Swiss Franc Positions 

TABLE FCP-III-1—Weekly Report of Major Market Participants 

[In millions of Swiss francs. Source: Treasury Foreign Currency Reporting] 

 Exchange 

rate (Swiss 

francs per 

U.S. dollar) 

Report date (4) 

Spot, forward and future contracts 

Net options positions 

(3) 

Purchased 

(1) 

Sold 

(2) 

 

07/03/2019 940,941 1,005,122 219 0.9864 

07/10/2019 973,751 1,041,787 256 0.9892 

07/17/2019 941,110 999,049 272 0.9870 

07/24/2019 985,319 1,038,109 294 0.9854 

07/31/2019 1,001,043 1,057,742 293 0.9902 

 

08/07/2019 1,019,811 1,081,320 354 0.9708 

08/14/2019 1,046,516 1,112,291 322 0.9736 

08/21/2019 1,086,333 1,140,166 322 0.9816 

08/28/2019 1,118,837 1,178,469 316 0.9807 

 

09/04/2019 1,176,143 1,232,435 n.a. 0.9817 

09/11/2019 1,219,615 1,272,201 n.a. 0.9933 

09/18/2019 1,051,577 1,108,981 n.a. 0.9950 

09/25/2019 1,087,234 1,142,869 n.a. 0.9909 

 

10/02/2019 1,086,611 1,148,708 n.a. 0.9975 

10/09/2019 1,059,726 1,102,635 n.a. 0.9950 

10/16/2019 1,089,209 1,141,004 n.a. 0.9959 

10/23/2019 1,102,887 1,150,291 n.a. 0.9907 

10/30/2019 1,168,808 1,213,958 n.a. 0.9909 

 

11/06/2019 1,136,399 1,186,102 n.a. 0.9920 

11/13/2019 1,152,730 1,204,739 n.a. 0.9892 

11/20/2019 1,096,792 1,146,087 n.a. 0.9921 

11/27/2019 1,072,052 1,123,466 n.a. 0.9996 

 

12/04/2019 1,088,289 1,133,220 n.a. 0.9893 

12/11/2019 1,100,808 1,142,552 n.a. 0.9856 

12/18/2019 940,892 991,150 n.a. 0.9819 

12/24/2019 877,154 930,763 n.a. 0.9807 

12/31/2019 867,418 913,177 n.a. 0.9677 

 
FOREIGN CURRENCY POSITIONS 

March 2020 

51 

SECTION III—Swiss Franc Positions, continued 

TABLE FCP-III-2—Monthly Report of Major Market Participants 

[In millions of Swiss francs. Source: Treasury Foreign Currency Reporting] 

Report date 

Spot, forward 

and future contracts 

Foreign currency 

denominated 

Options positions Exchange rate 

(Swiss francs per 

U.S. dollar) 

(10) 

Calls Puts Net delta 

equivalent 

(9) 

Purchased 

(1) 

 Sold 

 (2) 

Assets 

(3) 

Liabilities 

(4) 

Bought 

(5) 

Written 

(6) 

Bought 

(7) 

Written 

(8) 

 

2017 - Dec. 802,799 840,898 108,582 88,094 46,025 44,500 79,500 79,164 139 0.9738 

2018 - Dec 903,658 958,551 140,373 74,358 41,440 40,908 71,023 66,935 n.a 0.9832 

2019 - Jan. 952,015 1,036,320 110,522 74,672 41,418 38,629 76,378 73,015 n.a 0.9938 

 Feb. 1,018,227 1,069,995 123,326 86,978 40,250 37,296 76,260 73,824 n.a 0.9974 

 Mar. 975,496 1,023,289 115,202 89,181 43,406 40,066 77,792 74,693 n.a 0.9962 

 Apr. 934,384 991,240 118,813 83,548 44,305 41,186 78,202 75,617 198 1.0200 

 May 1,028,678 1,085,179 110,214 80,443 45,064 42,094 78,182 74,937 211 1.0034 

 June 1,034,100 1,092,763 121,387 84,378 46,932 44,671 78,949 76,146 196 0.9758 

 July 1,044,955 1,110,099 108,481 80,955 45,803 43,353 81,783 78,713 n.a 0.9902 

 Aug. 1,176,726 1,236,996 117,737 86,107 47,361 45,022 85,064 81,028 n.a 0.9899 

 Sept. 1,103,273 1,162,940 127,727 99,564 45,236 41,885 78,832 75,036 n.a 0.9978 

 Oct. 1,186,354 1,244,167 128,280 95,937 46,576 44,035 80,453 76,936 n.a 0.9868 

 Nov. 1,097,710 1,154,485 119,368 103,217 43,442 40,613 70,070 67,115 n.a 1.0001 

 Dec. 875,026 919,323 110,052 90,160 41,629 39,815 66,118 62,231 n.a 0.9677 

 

TABLE FCP-III-3—Quarterly Report of Large Market Participants 

[In millions of Swiss francs. Source: Treasury Foreign Currency Reporting] 

Report date 

Spot, forward 

and future contracts 

Foreign currency 

denominated 

Options positions Exchange rate 

(Swiss francs per 

U.S. dollar) 

(10) 

Calls Puts Net delta 

equivalent 

(9) 

Purchased 

(1) 

Sold 

(2) 

Assets 

(3) 

Liabilities 

(4) 

Bought 

(5) 

Written 

(6) 

Bought 

(7) 

Written 

(8) 

 

2016 - Dec. 14,939 14,888 98,271 16,029 - n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. 1.0160 

2017 - Mar. 16,299 18,151 73,924 16,435 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. 0.9998 

 June 14,015 16,797 n.a. 15,161 - n.a. n.a. n.a. - 0.9586 

 Sept. 16,715 14,386 n.a. 18,437 47 25 n.a. n.a. n.a. 0.9688 

 Dec. 13,981 15,244 137,271 21,087 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. 0.9738 

2018 - Mar. 16,766 16,882 n.a. 16,258 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. 0.9532 

 June 16,890 20,470 142,369 20,256 447 n.a. n.a. 18 8 0.9922 

 Sept. 19,130 19,387 123,956 18,990 1,571 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. 0.9758 

 Dec. 15,001 18,474 n.a. 21,413 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. 0.9832 

2019 - Mar. 15,289 18,434 116,641 17,824 n.a. n.a. 1,002 n.a. n.a. 0.9962 

 June 14,686 23,493 111,498 16,831 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. 0.9758 

 Sept. 15,812 20,811 109,705 16,410 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. 0.9978 

 
FOREIGN CURRENCY POSITIONS 

March 2020 

52 

SECTION IV—Sterling Positions 

TABLE FCP-IV-1—Weekly Report of Major Market Participants 

[In millions of pounds sterling. Source: Treasury Foreign Currency Reporting] 

 Exchange 

rate (U.S. 

dollars per 

pound) 

Report date (4) 

Spot, forward and future contracts 

Net options positions 

(3) 

Purchased 

(1) 

Sold 

(2) 

 

07/03/2019 2,947,977 3,112,877 -125 1.2568 

07/10/2019 3,030,488 3,204,374 -132 1.2507 

07/17/2019 2,963,782 3,129,409 -112 1.2438 

07/24/2019 3,071,831 3,231,558 -153 1.2498 

07/31/2019 3,300,706 3,465,120 -226 1.2220 

 

08/07/2019 3,110,674 3,247,678 -228 1.2158 

08/14/2019 3,206,810 3,347,768 -251 1.2068 

08/21/2019 3,169,692 3,323,138 -185 1.2142 

08/28/2019 3,387,442 3,547,104 -177 1.2248 

 

09/04/2019 3,396,040 3,566,566 -152 1.2190 

09/11/2019 3,494,735 3,657,458 -143 1.2329 

09/18/2019 3,257,520 3,443,761 -184 1.2478 

09/25/2019 3,374,786 3,546,099 -177 1.2363 

 

10/02/2019 3,262,254 3,447,160 -165 1.2313 

10/09/2019 3,392,451 3,383,067 -136 1.2215 

10/16/2019 3,474,858 3,474,479 -405 1.2854 

10/23/2019 3,226,002 3,405,195 -408 1.2886 

10/30/2019 3,402,006 3,567,220 -341 1.2872 

 

11/06/2019 3,131,036 3,290,126 -393 1.2872 

11/13/2019 3,207,859 3,416,243 -432 1.2840 

11/20/2019 3,174,542 3,368,831 -445 1.2918 

11/27/2019 3,151,705 3,377,759 -492 1.2881 

 

12/04/2019 3,085,454 3,282,760 -549 1.3095 

12/11/2019 3,205,018 3,410,730 n.a 1.3176 

12/18/2019 3,039,354 3,229,275 n.a 1.3078 

12/24/2019 2,794,279 3,014,136 n.a 1.2955 

12/31/2019 2,778,925 3,009,213 n.a 1.3269 

 
FOREIGN CURRENCY POSITIONS 

March 2020 

53 

SECTION IV—Sterling Positions, continued 

TABLE FCP-IV-2—Monthly Report of Major Market Participants 

[In millions of pounds sterling. Source: Treasury Foreign Currency Reporting] 

Report date 

Spot, forward 

and future contracts 

Foreign currency 

denominated 

Options positions Exchange rate 

(U.S. dollars 

per pound) 

(10) 

Calls Puts Net delta 

equivalent 

(9) 

Purchased 

(1) 

Sold 

(2) 

Assets 

(3) 

Liabilities 

(4) 

Bought 

(5) 

Written 

(6) 

Bought 

(7) 

Written 

(8) 

 

2017 - Dec. 2,423,244 2,623,676 926,696 893,568 117,539 122,752 76,952 84,254 n.a. 1.3529 

2018 - Dec. 2,689,988 2,890,865 1,007,091 949,828 140,974 136,398 113,570 106,149 -93 1.2763 

2019 - Jan. 3,045,921 3,254,190 997,584 955,082 n.a. n.a. 137,273 131,860 -50 1.3135 

 Feb. 3,275,482 3,442,418 970,893 965,259 199,014 199,124 139,245 135,702 -137 1.3274 

 Mar. 3,227,245 3,419,644 1,000,478 996,831 198,387 199,967 141,230 140,648 -133 1.3032 

 Apr. 3,169,915 3,315,090 1,002,569 993,808 140,329 142,290 93,057 91,047 -171 1.3030 

 May 3,315,203 3,454,978 1,042,948 1,003,506 116,239 116,843 96,352 85,658 -226 1.2620 

 June 3,105,878 3,303,765 991,342 967,864 105,432 105,933 95,688 84,616 -158 1.2704 

 July 3,370,422 3,555,791 1,072,131 1,098,415 123,623 120,031 104,045 108,105 -247 1.2220 

 Aug. 3,427,619 3,610,873 1,098,181 1,092,586 133,180 131,394 103,300 108,108 -160 1.2166 

 Sept 3,334,161 3,542,552 1,119,621 1,069,620 158,814 159,851 105,636 103,805 -194 1.2305 

 Oct. 3,442,433 3,632,212 1,087,478 1,069,029 235,893 238,671 130,162 129,384 -346 1.2939 

 Nov. 3,188,022 3,372,011 1,041,488 955,959 182,832 185,455 121,398 113,883 -360 1.2939 

 Dec. 2,782,534 3,002,683 987,116 870,519 159,065 163,213 105,419 96,965 n.a 1.3269 

 

TABLE FCP-IV-3—Quarterly Report of Large Market Participants 

[In millions of pounds sterling. Source: Treasury Foreign Currency Reporting] 

Report date 

Spot, forward 

and future contracts 

Foreign currency 

denominated 

Options positions Exchange rate 

(U.S. dollars 

per pound) 

(10)

Calls Puts Net delta 

equivalent 

(9) 

Purchased 

(1) 

Sold 

(2) 

Assets 

(3) 

Liabilities 

(4) 

Bought 

(5) 

Written 

(6) 

Bought 

(7) 

Written 

(8) 

 

2016 - Dec. 28,041 50,392 166,414 66,551 n.a. 428 2,686 1,577 4 1.2337 

2017 - Mar. 32,627 57,900 173,010 73,491 1,446 n.a. 2,643 1,825 -20 1.2537 

 June 31,555 58,169 200,516 65,150 1,498 1,355 2,837 1,910 50 1.2995 

 Sept. 34,429 63,757 199,533 58,382 1,369 1,380 2,032 1,755 81 1.3402 

 Dec. 25,399 53,184 191,984 55,362 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. 47 1.3529 

2018 - Mar. 30,475 53,016 199,384 59,382 981 1,011 2,162 n.a. 41 1.4027 

 June 29,048 52,235 194,834 55,851 1,208 1,396 2,551 n.a. -26 1.3197 

 Sept. 41,040 58,126 201,492 60,050 1,700 1,559 2,739 2,481 33 1.3053 

 Dec. 35,003 56,301 196,698 56,905 7,323 5,123 2,941 2,060 118 1.2763 

2019 - Mar. 33,952 55,799 212,271 66,402 5,781 4,704 1,953 1,594 39 1.3032 

 June 32,407 58,743 204,923 61,096 1,296 1,645 1,867 1,167 -39 1.2704 

 Sept. 37,755 64,063 206,151 61,989 2,359 3,062 3,625 3,150 70 1.2305 

 
FOREIGN CURRENCY POSITIONS 

March 2020 

54 

SECTION V—U.S. Dollar Positions 

TABLE FCP-V-1—Weekly Report of Major Market Participants 

[In millions of U.S. dollars. Source: Treasury Foreign Currency Reporting] 

 

Report date 

Spot, forward and future contracts Net options 

 positions 

(3) 

Exchange 

 rate 

(4) 

Purchased 

(1) 

Sold 

(2) 

 

07/03/2019 27,490,156 26,661,818 -3,042 n.a. 

07/10/2019 28,630,121 27,835,927 -3,427 n.a. 

07/17/2019 27,889,504 27,124,715 -7,143 n.a. 

07/24/2019 28,237,712 27,529,760 n.a. n.a. 

07/31/2019 29,190,026 28,431,513 n.a. n.a. 

 

08/07/2019 29,130,358 28,422,037 n.a. n.a. 

08/14/2019 29,341,011 28,666,998 n.a. n.a. 

08/21/2019 29,255,754 28,511,962 n.a. n.a. 

08/28/2019 30,439,649 29,684,422 n.a. n.a. 

 

09/04/2019 31,270,866 30,406,838 n.a. n.a. 

09/11/2019 31,768,527 30,906,311 n.a. n.a. 

09/18/2019 28,380,532 27,498,510 n.a. n.a. 

09/25/2019 28,832,045 28,025,451 n.a. n.a. 

 

10/02/2019 28,404,638 27,612,596 n.a. n.a. 

10/09/2019 28,190,180 27,476,380 n.a. n.a. 

10/16/2019 28,555,590 27,818,969 n.a. n.a. 

10/23/2019 28,291,261 27,604,076 -2,478 n.a. 

10/30/2019 29,105,907 28,388,065 -2,018 n.a. 

 

11/06/2019 28,596,445 27,614,743 -1,899 n.a. 

11/13/2019 28,662,627 27,898,230 -1,869 n.a. 

11/20/2019 28,344,276 27,530,133 -2,343 n.a. 

11/27/2019 28,463,362 27,571,679 -2,237 n.a. 

 

12/04/2019 28,650,241 27,827,896 -2,680 n.a. 

12/11/2019 29,231,111 28,495,633 -2,926 n.a. 

12/18/2019 26,225,037 25,441,206 -2,554 n.a. 

12/24/2019 24,851,976 24,110,212 -2,582 n.a. 

12/31/2019 24,534,406 23,695,633 -2,535 n.a. 

 
FOREIGN CURRENCY POSITIONS 

March 2020 

55 

SECTION V—U.S. Dollar Positions, continued 

TABLE FCP-V-2—Monthly Report of Major Market Participants 

[In millions of U.S. dollars. Source: Treasury Foreign Currency Reporting] 

Report date 

Spot, forward 

and future contracts 

Foreign currency 

denominated 

Options positions 

Calls Puts 

Net delta 

equivalent 

(9) 

Exchange 

rate 

Purchased (10) 

(1) 

Sold 

(2) 

Assets 

(3) 

Liabiliti

es 

(4) 

Bought 

(5) 

Written 

(6) 

Bought 

(7) 

Written 

(8) 

 

2017 - Dec. 22,947,777 22,020,668 - - 1,381,708 1,385,483 1,129,488 1,104,281 -217 n.a 

2018 - Dec. 25,392,480 24,612,467 - - 1,523,947 1,488,815 1,300,684 1,276,938 1,281 n.a 

2019 - Jan. 28,153,345 26,817,450 - - 1,581,411 1,519,164 1,388,454 1,354,611 281 n.a 

 Feb. 29,141,143 28,325,390 - - 1,612,538 1,562,054 1,436,922 1,403,943 505 n.a 

 Mar. 27,788,010 26,936,972 - - 1,630,632 1,581,428 1,465,592 1,412,243 434 n.a 

 Apr. 27,616,883 26,839,549 - - 1,582,336 1,839,408 1,356,414 1,316,661 312 n.a 

 May 29,276,005 28,458,773 - - 1,754,795 1,686,563 1,357,582 1,319,015 213 n.a 

 June 28,149,837 27,217,934 - - 1,664,320 1,612,362 1,349,305 1,298,206 -1,095 n.a 

 July 28,974,200 28,087,963 - - 1,611,605 1,564,197 1,337,246 1,303,182 -1,208 n.a 

 Aug. 29,993,056 29,138,644 - - 1,745,063 1,661,092 1,352,157 1,352,572 -654 n.a 

 Sept 28,535,400 27,699,856 - - 1,614,940 1,602,966 1,281,671 1,251,777 -948 n.a 

 Oct. 29,219,092 28,474,934 - - 1,570,182 1,511,671 1,322,629 1,304,180 -1,593 n.a 

 Nov. 28,294,453 27,624,143 - - 1,455,996 1,418,798 1,258,810 1,225,075 -2,106 n.a 

 Dec. 24,180,933 23,475,477 - - 1,314,653 1,305,332 1,109,429 1,106,074 -1,902 n.a 

 

TABLE FCP-V-3—Quarterly Report of Large Market Participants 

[In millions of U.S. dollars. Source: Treasury Foreign Currency Reporting] 

Report date 

Spot, forward 

and future contracts 

Foreign currency 

denominated 

Options positions 

Exchange 

rate 

(10) 

Calls Puts Net delta 

equivalent 

(9) 

Purchased 

(1) 

Sold 

(2) 

Assets 

(3) 

Liabilities 

(4) 

Bought 

(5) 

 Written 

 (6) 

 Bought 

 (7) 

Written 

(8) 

 

2016 - Dec. 389,471 318,849 - - 31,554 21,574 15,484 23,106 4,224 n.a. 

2017 - Mar. 431,337 407,589 - - 28,169 17,729 20,518 20,835 1,350 n.a. 

 June 425,050 402,427 - - 21,559 14,688 16,157 19,475 1,982 n.a. 

 Sept. 409,209 386,483 - - 23,061 17,456 25,252 25,799 5,034 n.a. 

 Dec. 413,086 391,712 - - 22,767 13,886 11,689 15,952 3,468 n.a. 

2018 - Mar. 409,805 388,908 - - 22,041 14,030 17,127 23,531 2,909 n.a. 

 June 453,783 396,708 - - 27,521 21,915 18,996 22,059 3,559 n.a. 

 Sept. 460,821 345,464 - - 23,367 20,128 14,757 15,794 3,811 n.a. 

 Dec. 424,656 368,534 - - 23,014 25,224 26,202 25,804 2,684 n.a. 

2019 - Mar. 422,727 314,275 - - 21,089 21,385 21,276 20,719 1,955 n.a. 

 June 443,726 335,860 - - 21,824 18,975 21,406 18,710 2,436 n.a. 

 Sept. 479,635 348,368 - - 21,672 18,799 14,654 15,647 1,937 n.a. 

 
FOREIGN CURRENCY POSITIONS 

March 2020 

56 

SECTION VI—Euro Positions 

TABLE FCP-VI-1—Weekly Report of Major Market Participants 

[In millions of euros. Source: Treasury Foreign Currency Reporting] 

 Exchange 

rate 

(Euros per 

U.S. dollar) 

Report date (4) 

Spot, forward and future contracts 

Net options positions 

(3) 

Purchased 

(1) 

Sold 

(2) 

 

07/03/2019 7,002,065 7,211,708 -446 0.8869 

07/10/2019 7,457,138 7,656,818 -458 0.8881 

07/17/2019 7,295,161 7,483,293 -391 0.8903 

07/24/2019 7,433,476 7,618,070 -419 0.8976 

07/31/2019 7,712,821 7,903,873 -390 0.8985 

 

08/07/2019 7,473,375 7,640,076 -262 0.8900 

08/14/2019 7,549,299 7,707,380 -342 0.8973 

08/21/2019 7,661,248 7,858,104 -433 0.9011 

08/28/2019 7,943,691 8,147,325 -187 0.9022 

 

09/04/2019 8,397,582 8,633,313 -160 0.9070 

09/11/2019 8,471,961 8,698,635 -150 0.9090 

09/18/2019 8,033,979 8,230,540 -160 0.9041 

09/25/2019 8,189,631 8,369,529 -280 0.9133 

 

10/02/2019 7,999,754 8,172,562 -142 0.9132 

10/09/2019 8,040,964 8,181,950 -79 0.9109 

10/16/2019 8,079,268 8,242,026 135 0.9029 

10/23/2019 7,878,531 8,029,442 173 0.8994 

10/30/2019 8,096,146 8,239,921 128 0.8990 

 

11/06/2019 7,899,532 8,070,091 -62 0.9029 

11/13/2019 7,977,338 8,129,976 -118 0.9088 

11/20/2019 7,846,876 7,995,719 -202 0.9039 

11/27/2019 7,824,806 7,993,894 -286 0.9089 

 

12/04/2019 7,975,924 8,119,995 -150 0.9029 

12/11/2019 8,151,526 8,271,941 -164 0.9015 

12/18/2019 7,347,011 7,468,528 -129 0.8999 

12/24/2019 6,985,388 7,063,427 -238 0.9022 

12/31/2019 6,795,811 6,921,533 -278 0.8907 

 
FOREIGN CURRENCY POSITIONS 

March 2020 

57 

SECTION VI—Euro Positions, continued 

TABLE FCP-VI-2—Monthly Report of Major Market Participants 

[In millions of euros. Source: Treasury Foreign Currency Reporting] 

Report date 

Spot, forward 

and future contracts 

Foreign currency 

denominated 

Options positions 

Exchange 

rate 

(10) 

Calls Puts Net delta 

equivalent 

(9) 

Purchased 

(1) 

Sold 

(2) 

Assets 

(3) 

Liabilities 

(4) 

Bought 

(5) 

Written 

(6) 

Bought 

(7) 

Written 

(8) 

 

2017 - Dec. 6,140,523 6,462,865 2,184,607 2,013,841 514,987 502,218 334,292 341,940 1,078 0.8318 

2018 - Dec. 6,855,887 7,081,645 2,342,011 2,797,839 504,551 499,156 366,025 351,874 654 0.8729 

2019 - Jan. 7,614,568 7,785,062 2,408,851 2,860,784 533,299 527,125 399,161 381,167 644 0.8731 

 Feb. 7,969,397 8,194,567 2,285,143 2,908,559 511,692 503,844 429,346 416,955 348 0.8788 

 Mar. 7,656,329 7,863,511 2,449,565 3,107,815 527,745 510,394 445,727 435,873 341 0.8906 

 Apr. 7,505,497 7,742,184 2,468,047 3,084,871 516,150 506,554 433,560 414,440 247 0.8928 

 May 7,782,004 7,995,132 2,548,407 2,720,992 517,166 506,370 423,223 402,692 242 0.8969 

 June 7,488,424 7,703,732 2,503,573 2,452,292 549,949 536,835 396,163 385,268 352 0.8792 

 July 7,902,432 8,132,971 2,646,626 2,932,669 535,896 523,093 421,509 411,597 129 0.8985 

 Aug. 8,235,457 8,458,187 2,865,272 3,145,743 533,084 519,600 431,265 424,325 76 0.9100 

 Sept 8,125,696 8,312,707 2,720,954 2,936,079 515,802 542,956 442,940 436,676 -48 0.9170 

 Oct. 8,162,235 8,324,022 2,397,975 2,678,012 524,178 514,435 426,610 419,230 123 0.8965 

 Nov. 7,930,985 8,061,576 2,383,196 2,314,103 497,922 478,846 365,112 357,673 -95 0.9075 

 Dec. 6,756,072 6,851,499 2,097,910 2,109,818 452,926 441,518 313,106 309,793 -76 0.8907 

 

TABLE FCP-VI-3—Quarterly Report of Large Market Participants 

[In millions of euros. Source: Treasury Foreign Currency Reporting] 

Report date 

Spot, forward 

and future contracts 

Foreign currency 

denominated 

Options positions 

Exchange 

rate 

(10) 

Calls Puts Net delta 

equivalent 

(9) 

Purchased 

(1) 

Sold 

(2) 

Assets 

(3) 

Liabilities 

(4) 

Bought 

(5) 

Written 

(6) 

Bought 

(7) 

Written 

(8) 

 

2016 - Dec. 132,047 123,382 352,547 221,574 5,059 3,453 17,431 9,210 -392 0.9477 

2017 - Mar. 145,378 146,517 374,527 245,027 9,239 7,718 15,482 8,084 197 0.9347 

 June 170,683 151,125 421,092 237,263 9,781 8,505 9,977 4,992 n.a. 0.8763 

 Sept. 138,547 134,715 418,632 224,298 13,624 13,030 11,161 6,860 n.a. 0.8465 

 Dec. 132,848 141,002 424,027 221,785 7,219 5,647 6,446 3,750 1,410 0.8318 

2018 - Mar. 121,906 133,637 438,501 239,147 7,782 8,243 11,826 7,446 n.a. 0.8117 

 June 127,433 149,132 420,024 228,919 9,337 9,142 15,583 10,718 -38 0.8564 

 Sept. 148,337 150,159 420,886 233,535 6,139 6,305 13,161 7,093 n.a. 0.8604 

 Dec. 120,635 151,502 403,637 243,374 9,724 9,224 14,938 10,156 219 0.8729 

2019 - Mar. 111,351 142,602 389,681 221,676 6,158 6,074 12,830 8,899 n.a. 0.8906 

 June 137,368 150,573 409,163 240,600 7,462 6,185 8,050 4,421 n.a. 0.8792 

 Sept. 142,508 162,134 413,057 254,046 5,672 6,230 8,463 4,999 448 0.9170 

 
58 

March 2020 

INTRODUCTION: Exchange Stabilization Fund

To stabilize the exchange value of the dollar, the 

Exchange Stabilization Fund (ESF) was established pursuant 

to chapter 6, section 10 of the Gold Reserve Act of January 

30, 1934 codified at 31 United States Code 5302, which 

authorized establishment of a Treasury fund to be operated 

under the exclusive control of the Secretary, with approval 

of the President. 

Subsequent amendment of the Gold Reserve Act 

modified the original purpose somewhat to reflect 

termination of the fixed exchange rate system. 

Resources of the fund include dollar balances, partially 

invested in U.S. Government securities, special drawing

rights -SDRs, and balances of foreign currencies. Principal 

sources of income -+ or loss -- for the fund are profits -+ or 

losses -- on SDRs and foreign exchange, as well as interest 

earned on assets. 

 Table ESF-1 presents the assets, liabilities, and

capital of the fund. The figures are in U.S. dollars or their 

equivalents based on current exchange rates computed 

according to the accrual method of accounting. The capital 

account represents the original capital appropriated to the fund 

by Congress of $2 billion, minus a subsequent transfer of $1.8 

billion to pay for the initial U.S. quota subscription to the 

International Monetary Fund. Gains and losses are reflected in 

the cumulative net income -+ or loss -- account. 

 Table ESF-2 shows the results of operations by

quarter. Figures are in U.S. dollars or their equivalents 

computed according to the accrual method. “Profit -+ or loss 

-- on foreign exchange” includes realized profits or losses. 

“Adjustment for change in valuation of SDR holdings and 

allocations” reflects net gain or loss on revaluation of SDR 

holdings and allocations for the quarter. 

TABLE ESF-1—Balances as of Sept. 30, 2019, and Dec. 31, 2019 

[In thousands of dollars. Source: Office of the Assistant Secretary of the Treasury for Management] 

Assets, liabilities, and capital Sept. 30, 2019 

Oct. 1, 2019, 

through 

Dec. 31, 2019 Dec. 31, 2019 

Assets 

U.S. dollars: 

Held with Treasury: 

Fund Balance................................................................... - - - 

U.S. Government securities............................................. 22,622,443 41,777 22,664,220 

Special drawing rights 1 ........................................................... 49,976,358 772,667 50,749,025 

Foreign exchange and securities: 

European euro ..................................................................... 11,946,821 260,254 12,207,075 

Japanese yen....................................................................... 8,648,975 (46,092) 8,602,883 

Accounts receivable................................................................. 127,702 4,442 132,144 

Total assets.......................................................................... 93,322,299 1,033,048 94,355,347 

Liabilities and capital 

Current liabilities: 

Accounts payable................................................................. 74,969 (11,250) 63,719 

Total current liabilities ...................................................... 74,969 (11,250) 63,719 

Other liabilities: 

SDR certificates ................................................................... 5,200,000 - 5,200,000 

SDR allocations ................................................................... 48,146,221 689,362 48,835,583 

Total other liabilities ......................................................... 53,346,221 689,362 54,035,583 

Capital: 

Capital account .................................................................... 200,000 - 200,000 

Net income -+ or loss -- -see Table ESF-2.......................... 262,308 92,628 354,936 

Total capital...................................................................... 39,901,109 354,936 40,256,045 

Total liabilities and capital............................................ 93,322,299 1,033,048 94,355,347 

See footnote on the following page. 
59 

March 2020 

TABLE ESF-2—Income and Expense 

[In thousands of dollars. Source: Office of the Assistant Secretary of the Treasury for Management] 

Current quarter 

Oct. 1, 2019, 

through 

Dec. 31, 2019 

Fiscal year to date 

Oct. 1, 2019 

through 

Dec. 31, 2019 

Income and expense 

 Profit -+ or loss-- on: 

Foreign exchange .......................................................... 239,962 239,962 

Adjustment for change in valuation 

 of SDR holdings and allocations 1 .................................... 26,398 26,398 

Net income (+) or loss (-): 

SDRs.............................................................................. 3,744 3,744 

U.S. Government securities........................................... 94,586 94,586 

Foreign exchange .......................................................... (9,754) (9,754) 

Income from operations ................................................. 354,936 354,936 

Net income (+) or loss (-)........................................... 354,936 354,936 

1 Beginning July 1974, the International Monetary Fund adopted a technique for valuing the 

SDRs based on a weighted average of exchange rates for the currencies of selected 

member countries. The U.S. SDR holdings and allocations are valued on this basis 

beginning July 1974. 

Note—Annual balance sheets for fiscal years 1934 through 1940 appeared in the 1940 

“Annual Report of the Secretary of the Treasury” and those for succeeding years 

appeared in subsequent reports through 1980. Quarterly balance sheets beginning with 

December 31, 1938, have been published in the “Treasury Bulletin.” Data from inception 

to September 30, 1978, may be found on the statements published in the January 1979 

“Treasury Bulletin.” 

Financial Report of the

United States Government

Excerpt

Trust Funds
63 

March 2020 

INTRODUCTION: Financial Report of the United States Government

The Financial Report of the United States Government 

(Report) provides the President, Congress, and the American 

People with a comprehensive view of the Federal 

Government's finances, i.e., its financial position and 

condition, its revenues and costs, assets and liabilities, and 

other obligations and commitments. The Fiscal Year 2019 

Report also discusses important financial topics, including 

continuing economic recovery efforts and fiscal 

sustainability. The related Executive Summary provides a 

concise overview of the information contained in the full 

Financial Report.

The Department of the Treasury, in coordination with the 

Office of Management and Budget (OMB), prepares the 

Report, which includes the financial statements for the U.S. 

Government. The United States Government Accountability 

Office (GAO) is required to audit these statements. The 

Report is compiled primarily from individual federal 

agencies' audited financial statements and related 

information included in the agencies' financial reports. 

Inspectors General are generally responsible for annually 

auditing the financial statements for their respective 

agencies. The agency and Government wide financial 

statements are generally required to be prepared in 

conformity with U.S.’ generally accepted accounting 

principles as promulgated by the Federal Accounting 

Standards Advisory Board (FASAB). 

The complete Financial Report, can be accessed easily 

through the internet at: 

https://fiscal.treasury.gov/reports-statements/financialreport/current-report.html
64 FINANCIAL REPORT OF THE UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT, EXCERPT 

March 2020 

Financial Statements 

of the United States Government 

for the Fiscal Years Ended September 30, 

2019, and 2018 

The consolidated financial statements of the U.S. government were prepared using GAAP. The consolidated financial 

statements include the accrual-based financial statements and the sustainability financial statements, which are discussed in 

more detail below, and the related notes to the consolidated financial statements. Collectively, the accrual-based financial 

statements, the sustainability financial statements, and the notes represent basic information that is deemed essential for the

consolidated financial statements to be presented in conformity with GAAP. 

ACCRUAL-BASED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

The accrual-based financial statements present historical information on what the federal government owns (assets) and 

owes (liabilities) at the end of the year, what came in (revenues) and what went out (net costs) during the year, and how 

accrual-based net operating costs of the federal government reconcile to the budget deficit and changes in its cash balance 

during the year. The following sections discuss each of the accrual-based financial statements. 

Statements of Net Cost 

These statements present the net cost of the government operations for fiscal years 2019 and 2018, including the 

operations related to funds from dedicated collections. Costs and earned revenues are categorized on the Statement of Net 

Cost by significant entity, providing greater accountability by showing the relationship of the entities’ net cost to the 

governmentwide net cost. Costs and earned revenues are presented in this Financial Report on an accrual basis, while the 

budget presents outlays and receipts, generally on a cash basis. The focus of the budget of the U.S. is by entity. Budgets are 

prepared, defended, and monitored by entity. In reporting by entity, we are assisting the external users in assessing the budget 

integrity, operating performance, stewardship, and systems and controls of the government.

The Statements of Net Cost contain the following four components: 

 Gross cost—is the full cost of all the departments and entities excluding (gain)/loss from changes in assumptions.

These costs are assigned on a cause-and-effect basis, or reasonably allocated to the corresponding entities.

 Earned revenue—is exchange revenue resulting from the government providing goods and services to the public at a

price.

 (Gain)/loss from changes in assumptions—is the gain or loss from changes in long-term assumptions used to

measure the liabilities reported for federal civilian and military employee pensions, OPEB, and ORB, including

veterans’ compensation.

 Net cost—is computed by subtracting earned revenue from gross cost, adjusted by the (gain)/loss from changes in

assumptions.

Individual entity net cost amounts will differ from the entity’s financial statements primarily because of reallocations 

completed at the governmentwide level which are listed below. 

 Employee benefit costs.

 Intragovernmental eliminations, as adjusted for buy/sell costs and related revenues.

 Imputed costs.

Because of its specific function, most of the employee benefit costs originally associated with the OPM have been

reallocated to the user entities for governmentwide reporting purposes. The remaining costs for OPM on the Statements of 

Net Cost are the administrative operating costs, the expenses from prior costs from health and pension plan amendments, and 

the actuarial gains and losses, if applicable. 
FINANCIAL REPORT OF THE UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT, EXCERPT 65

March 2020 

GSA is the primary provider of goods and services to federal entities. GSA’s net cost is adjusted for its 

intragovernmental buy/sell costs and related revenues. The remaining costs for GSA on the Statements of Net Cost are 

administrative operating costs. With regard to intragovernmental buy/sell costs and related revenues, the amounts recognized 

by each entity are added to, and subtracted from, respectively, the individual entity non-federal net cost amounts. 

In addition, the intragovernmental imputed costs recognized for the receipt of goods and services, financed in whole or 

part by the providing entities, are added to the individual entity non-federal net cost amounts. The most significant types of 

imputed costs that are recorded relate to post-retirement and health benefits, FECA, and the Treasury Judgment Fund. The 

consolidated Statements of Net Cost is intended to show the full cost for each entity, therefore, the amount of these imputed 

costs is added back to the reporting entities’ gross cost line item and subtracted from the applicable administering entities’ 

gross cost line item. These imputed costs have a net effect of zero on the Statements of Net Cost in the Financial Report. 

The interest on securities issued by the Treasury and held by the public is reported on Treasury’s financial statements, 

but, because of its importance and the dollar amounts involved, it is reported separately in these statements. 

Statements of Operations and Changes in Net Position 

These statements report the results of government operations, net operating costs, which include the results of 

operations for funds from dedicated collections. They include non-exchange revenues, which are generated from transactions 

that do not require a government entity to give value directly in exchange for the inflow of resources. The government does 

not “earn” the non-exchange revenue. These are generated principally by the government’s sovereign power to tax, levy 

duties, and assess fines and penalties. These statements also include the net cost reported in the Statements of Net Cost. They

further include certain adjustments and unreconciled transactions that affect the net position. 

Revenue 

Inflows of resources to the government that the government demands or that it receives by donations are identified as 

non-exchange revenue. The inflows that it demands include individual income tax and tax withholdings, excise taxes, 

corporate income taxes, unemployment taxes, custom duties, and estate and gift taxes. The non-exchange revenue is 

recognized when collected and adjusted for the change in net measurable and legally collectable amounts receivable. 

Individual income tax and tax withholdings include FICA/SECA taxes and other taxes. 

Individual income tax and tax withholding and corporate income tax include the TCJA of 2017, which imposed a onetime tax on previously unrepatriated foreign earnings at a reduced rate that taxpayers may elect to pay over an eight-year 

installment schedule. 

Excise taxes consist of taxes collected for various items, such as airline tickets, gasoline products, distilled spirits and 

imported liquor, tobacco, firearms, and other items. 

Other taxes and receipts include FRBs earnings, tax related fines, penalties and interest, and railroad retirement taxes. 

Miscellaneous earned revenues consist of earned revenues received from the public with virtually no associated cost. 

These revenues include rents and royalties on the Outer Continental Shelf Lands resulting from the leasing and development 

of mineral resources on public lands. 

Generally, funds from dedicated collections are financed by specifically identified revenues, provided to the 

government by non-federal sources, often supplemented by other financing sources, which remain available over time. These 

specifically identified revenues and other financing sources are required by statute to be used for designated activities, 

benefits or purposes, and must be accounted for separately from the government’s general revenue. See Note 20—Funds 

from Dedicated Collections for detailed information. 

Intragovernmental interest represents interest earned from the investment of surplus dedicated collections, which 

finance the deficit spending of all other fund’s non-dedicated operations. These investments are recorded as 

intragovernmental debt holdings and are included in Note 11—Federal Debt Securities Held by the Public and Accrued 

Interest, in the table titled Intragovernmental Debt Holdings: Federal Debt Securities Held as Investments by Government 

Accounts. These interest earnings and the associated investments are eliminated in the consolidation process. 
66 FINANCIAL REPORT OF THE UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT, EXCERPT 

March 2020 

Net Cost of Government Operations 

The net cost of government operations—gross cost (including gains/losses from changes in assumptions) less earned 

revenue—flows through from the Statements of Net Cost. 

Intragovernmental Transfers 

Intragovernmental transfers reflect budgetary and other financing sources for funds from dedicated collections, 

excluding financing sources related to non-exchange revenues, intragovernmental interest, and miscellaneous revenues. 

These intragovernmental transfers include appropriations, transfers, and other financing sources. These amounts are labeled 

as “other changes in fund balance” in Note 20—Funds from Dedicated Collections. Some transfers reflect amounts required 

by statute to be transferred from the General Fund to funds from dedicated collections. 

Unmatched Transactions and Balances 

Unmatched transactions and balances are adjustments needed to bring the change in net position into balance due 

primarily to unreconciled intragovernmental differences. See Note 1.R—Unmatched Transactions and Balances for detailed 

information. 

The unmatched transactions and balances are included in net operating cost to make the sum of net operating costs and 

adjustments to beginning net position for the year equal to the change in the net position balance. 

Net Operating Cost 

The net operating cost equals revenue less net cost of government operations (that flows from the Statement of Net 

Cost) adjusted by unmatched transactions and balances. See Note 1.R—Unmatched Transactions and Balances for detailed 

information. 

Net Position, Beginning of Period 

The net position, beginning of period, reflects the amount reported on the prior year’s Balance Sheet as of the end of 

that fiscal year. The net position for funds from dedicated collections is shown separately. 

Adjustments to beginning net position may include corrections of material errors or changes in accounting principles. 

See Note 1.S—Adjustments to Beginning Net Position for detailed information. 

Net Position, End of Period 

The net position, end of period, reflects the amount as of the end of the fiscal year. The net position for funds from 

dedicated collections is separately shown. 

Reconciliations of Net Operating Cost and Budget Deficit 

These statements reconcile the results of operations (net operating cost) on the Statements of Operations and Changes in 

Net Position to the budget deficit (result of outlays exceeding receipts during a particular fiscal year). The premise of the 

reconciliation is that the accrual and budgetary accounting basis share transaction data. 
FINANCIAL REPORT OF THE UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT, EXCERPT 67

March 2020 

Receipts and outlays in the budget are measured primarily on a cash basis and differ from the accrual basis of 

accounting used in the Financial Report. Refer to Note 1.B—Basis of Accounting and Revenue Recognition for details on 

the accrual basis of accounting. These statements begin with the net results of operations (net operating cost) and report 

activities where the basis of accounting for the components of net operating cost and the budget deficit differ. 

Some presentations of the budget deficit make the distinction between on-budget and off-budget totals. On-budget totals 

reflect the transactions of all government entities, except those excluded from the budget by law. Off-budget totals reflect the 

transactions of government entities that are excluded from the on-budget totals by law. Under current law, the off-budget 

totals include the Social Security trust funds and USPS. The budget deficit, as presented in the Financial Report, combines 

the on-budget and off-budget totals to derive consolidated totals for federal activity. 

Components of Net Operating Cost Not Part of the Budget Deficit 

This information includes the operating components, such as the changes in benefits payable for veterans, military and 

civilian employees, environmental and disposal liabilities, and depreciation expense, not included in the budget results. 

Components of the Budget Deficit Not Part of Net Operating Cost 

This information includes the budget components, such as the acquisition of capital assets (that are recorded as outlays 

in the budget when cash is disbursed and reflected in net operating cost through depreciation expense over the useful life of 

the asset) and increases in other assets that are not included in the operating results. 

Statements of Changes in Cash Balance from Budget and Other 

Activities 

The primary purpose of these statements is to report how the annual budget deficit relates to the change in the 

government’s cash and other monetary assets, as well as debt held by the public. It explains why the budget deficit normally 

would not result in an equivalent change in the government’s cash and other monetary assets. 

These statements reconcile the budget deficit to the change in cash and other monetary assets during the fiscal year. 

They also serve to explain how the budget deficits were financed. These statements show the adjustments for non-cash 

outlays included in the budget, and items affecting the cash balance not included in the budget, to explain the change in cash 

and other monetary assets. 

The budget deficit is primarily financed through borrowings from the public. When receipts exceed outlays, the 

difference is a surplus. The budget treats borrowing and debt repayment as a means of financing, not as receipts and 

outlays. The budget records outlays for the interest on the public issues of Treasury debt securities as the interest accrues, 

not when the cash is paid. 

Non-cash flow amounts in the budget related to loan financing account activity also reflect intragovernmental 

transactions such as interest expense paid or interest revenue received from Treasury, entity year-end credit reform 

subsidy reestimates, and the receipt of subsidy expense from program accounts. Cash flow from non-budget activities 

related to loan financing account activity includes all cash flows to and from the public, including direct loan 

disbursements/default payments to lenders, fees collected, principal and interest repayments, collections on defaulted 

guarantee loans, and sale proceeds of foreclosed property. The budget totals exclude the transactions of the financing 

accounts because they are not a cost to the government. However, since loan financing accounts record all credit cash 

flows to and from the public, they affect the means of financing a budget deficit. 
68 FINANCIAL REPORT OF THE UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT, EXCERPT 

March 2020 

Balance Sheets 

The Balance Sheets show the government’s assets, liabilities, and net position. When combined with stewardship 

information, this information presents a more comprehensive understanding of the government’s financial position. The net 

position for funds from dedicated collections is shown separately. 

Assets 

Assets included on the Balance Sheets are resources of the government that remain available to meet future needs. The 

most significant assets that are reported on the Balance Sheets are loans receivable, net; PP&E, net; inventories and related 

property, net; and cash and other monetary assets. There are, however, other significant resources available to the government 

that extend beyond the assets presented in these Balance Sheets. Those resources include Stewardship Land and Heritage 

Assets in addition to the government’s sovereign powers to tax and set monetary policy. 

Liabilities and Net Position 

Liabilities are obligations of the government resulting from prior actions that will require financial resources. The most 

significant liabilities reported on the Balance Sheets are federal debt securities held by the public and accrued interest, and

federal employee and veteran benefits payable. Liabilities also include environmental and disposal liabilities, benefits due 

and payable, as well as insurance and guarantee program liabilities. 

As with reported assets, the government’s responsibilities, policy commitments, and contingencies are much broader 

than these reported Balance Sheet liabilities. They include the social insurance programs reported in the SOSI and disclosed 

in the unaudited RSI—Social Insurance section, fiscal long-term projections of non-interest spending reported in the SLTFP, 

and a wide range of other programs under which the government provides benefits and services to the people of this nation, 

as well as certain future loss contingencies. 

The government has entered into contractual commitments requiring the future use of financial resources and has 

unresolved contingencies where existing conditions, situations, or circumstances create uncertainty about future losses. 

Contingencies and commitments that do not meet the criteria for recognition as liabilities on the Balance Sheets, but for 

which there is at least a reasonable possibility that losses have been incurred, are disclosed in Note 18—Contingencies and 

Note 19—Commitments. 

The collection of certain taxes and other revenue is credited to the corresponding funds from dedicated collections that 

will use these funds to meet a particular government purpose. If the collections from taxes and other sources exceed the 

payments to the beneficiaries, the excess revenue is invested in Treasury securities or deposited in the General Fund; 

therefore, the trust fund balances do not represent cash. An explanation of the trust funds for social insurance is included in

Note 20—Funds from Dedicated Collections. That note also contains information about trust fund receipts, disbursements, 

and assets. 

Due to its sovereign power to tax and borrow, and the country’s wide economic base, the government has unique access 

to financial resources through generating tax revenues and issuing federal debt securities. This provides the government with 

the ability to meet present obligations and those that are anticipated from future operations and are not reflected in net 

position. 

The net position is the residual difference between assets and liabilities and is the cumulative results of operations since 

inception. For detailed components that comprise the net position, refer to the section “Statement of Operations and Changes 

in Net Position.” 

 SUSTAINABILITY FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

The sustainability financial statements are comprised of the SLTFP, covering all federal government programs, and the 

SOSI and the SCSIA, covering social insurance programs (Social Security, Medicare, Railroad Retirement, and Black Lung 
FINANCIAL REPORT OF THE UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT, EXCERPT 69

March 2020 

programs). The sustainability financial statements are designed to illustrate the relationship between projected receipts and 

expenditures if current policy is continued over a 75 year time horizon.1

 In preparing the sustainability financial statements, 

management selects assumptions and data that it believes provide a reasonable basis to illustrate whether current policy is 

sustainable. Current policy is based on current law but includes several adjustments. In the Statement of Long-Term Fiscal 

Projections, notable adjustments to current law are: (1) projected spending, receipts, and borrowing levels assume raising or 

suspending the current statutory limit on federal debt, (2) continued discretionary appropriations are assumed throughout the 

projections period, (3) scheduled Social Security and Medicare Part A benefit payments are assumed to occur beyond the 

projected point of trust fund depletion, (4) many mandatory programs with expiration dates prior to the end of the 75-year 

projection period are assumed to be reauthorized, and (5) tax changes under the TCJA of 2017 are assumed to continue 

beyond 2025. In the Statement of Social Insurance, the one adjustment to current law is that scheduled Social Security and 

Medicare Part A benefit payments are assumed to occur beyond the projected point of trust fund depletions. Assumptions 

underlying such sustainability information do not consider changes in policy or all potential future events that could affect 

future income, future expenditures, and, hence, sustainability. The projections do not reflect any adverse economic 

consequences resulting from continuously rising debt levels. A large number of factors affect the sustainability financial 

statements and future events and circumstances cannot be estimated with certainty. Therefore, even if current policy is 

continued, there will be differences between the estimates in the sustainability financial statements and actual results, and 

those differences may be material. The unaudited RSI section of this report includes present value projections using different 

assumptions to illustrate the sensitivity of the sustainability financial statements to changes in certain assumptions. The 

sustainability financial statements are intended to help citizens understand current policy and the importance and magnitude 

of policy reforms necessary to make it sustainable. 

By accounting convention, General Fund transfers to Medicare Parts B and D reported in the SOSI are eliminated when 

preparing the governmentwide consolidated financial statement. The SOSI shows the projected General Fund transfers as 

eliminations that, under current law, would be used to finance the remainder of the expenditures in excess of revenues for 

Medicare Parts B and D reported in the SOSI. The SLTFP include all revenues (including general revenues) of the federal 

government. 

Statements of Long-Term Fiscal Projections 

The SLTFP are intended to assist readers of the government’s financial statements in assessing the financial condition 

of the federal government and how the government’s financial condition has changed (improved or deteriorated) during the 

year and may change in the future. They are also intended to assist readers in assessing whether future budgetary resources of 

the government will likely be sufficient to sustain public services and to meet obligations as they come due, assuming that 

current policy for federal government public services and taxation is continued without change. 

The SLTFP display the present value of 75-year projections by major category of the federal government’s receipts and 

non-interest spending. These projections show the extent to which future receipts of the government exceed or fall short of 

the government’s non-interest spending. The projections are presented both in terms of present value dollars and in terms of 

present value dollars as a percent of present value GDP. The projections are on the basis of policies currently in place and are 

neither forecasts nor predictions. These projections are consistent with the projections for Social Security and Medicare 

presented in the SOSI and are based on the same economic and demographic assumptions as underlie the SOSI. These 

statements also display the fiscal gap, which is a summary measure of the change in receipts or non-interest spending 

necessary to hold the ratio of debt held by the public to GDP at the end of the projection period to its value at the beginning

of the period. Note 23—Long-Term Fiscal Projections, further explains the methods used to prepare these projections and 

provides additional information. Unaudited RSI further assesses the sustainability of current fiscal policy and provides results 

based on alternative assumptions to those used in the basic statement. 

As discussed further in Note 23, a sustainable policy is one where the debt-to-GDP ratio is stable or declining over the 

long term. GDP measures the size of the nation’s economy in terms of the total value of all final goods and services that are 

produced in a year. Considering financial results relative to GDP is a useful indicator of the economy’s capacity to sustain the 

government’s many programs. 

1

 With the exception of the Black Lung program, which has a rolling 25-year projection period that begins on the September 30 valuation date each year. 
70 FINANCIAL REPORT OF THE UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT, EXCERPT 

March 2020 

Statements of Social Insurance and Changes in Social Insurance 

Amounts 

SOSI provides estimates of the status of the most significant social insurance programs: Social Security, Medicare, 

Railroad Retirement, and Black Lung.2

 They are administered by SSA, HHS, RRB, and DOL, respectively. The SSA and 

HHS projections are based on the economic and demographic assumptions representing the Trustees’ reasonable estimates of 

likely future economic and demographic conditions, as set forth in the applicable Social Security and Medicare Trustees’ 

Reports as well as in the AFRs of HHS and SSA. RRB’s projections are based on assumptions from the 27th Valuation on the 

Assets and Liabilities Under the Railroad Retirement Acts of December 31, 2016 with Technical Supplement, which was 

published in September 2018 and from the 2019 Section 502 Report, as well as in RRB’s PAR. DOL’s (Black Lung) 

projections are based on assumptions disclosed in its AFR. The SOSI projections, with one exception related to Medicare 

Part A and OASDI, are based on current law; that is, they assume that scheduled social insurance benefit payments would 

continue after related trust funds are projected to be depleted, contrary to current law. By law, once assets are depleted, 

expenditures cannot be made except to the extent covered by ongoing tax receipts and other trust fund income. 

Note 22—Social Insurance describes the social insurance programs, reports long-range estimates that can be used to 

assess the financial condition of the programs, and explains some of the factors that impact the various programs. The SCSIA 

show two reconciliations: (1) change from the period beginning on January 1, 2018 to the period beginning on January 1, 

2019; and (2) change from the period beginning on January 1, 2017 to the period beginning on January 1, 2018. 

The SOSI was updated with additional lines in fiscal year 2019 to disclose the General Fund transfer for the estimated 

future revenue of Medicare Parts B and D. The SOSI also reports, by accounting convention, the elimination of such 

transfers. The new presentation does not affect the net totals of the SOSI and reports the transfers from the General Fund with

the purpose of making the SOSI more consistent with the entities’ financial statements. Some previously reported amounts in 

the SOSI and SCSIA were adjusted for rounding differences. 

2

 In relation to the amounts presented in the SOSI and SCSIA, because the combined Railroad Retirement and Black Lung programs account for less than 

one-quarter of 1 percent of the statement totals, they are not material from the governmentwide perspective.
FINANCIAL REPORT OF THE UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT, EXCERPT 71

March 2020 

United States Government 

Statement of Net Cost 

for the Year Ended September 30, 2019 (Gain)/Loss 

from 

Gross Earned Changes in Net 

 (In billions of dollars) Cost Revenue Subtotal Assumptions Cost 

 Department of Health and Human Services ................ 1,341.4 119.1 1,222.3 - 1,222.3

 Social Security Administration ..................................... 1,101.2 0.3 1,100.9 - 1,100.9

 Department of Defense................................................ 813.6 44.2 769.4 139.0 908.4

 Department of Veterans Affairs.................................... 364.7 5.1 359.6 58.0 417.6

 Interest on Treasury Securities Held by the Public ...... 403.6 - 403.6 - 403.6

 Department of the Treasury......................................... 181.0 25.3 155.7 - 155.7

 Department of Agriculture............................................ 149.1 8.3 140.8 - 140.8

 Department of Education ............................................. 153.9 31.9 122.0 - 122.0

 Office of Personnel Management ................................ 118.5 24.1 94.4 0.3 94.7

 Department of Transportation...................................... 82.2 1.1 81.1 - 81.1

 Department of Homeland Security............................... 77.0 14.0 63.0 0.9 63.9

 Department of Energy.................................................. 59.3 5.7 53.6 - 53.6

 Department of Labor.................................................... 40.5 - 40.5 - 40.5

 Security Assistance Accounts...................................... 38.6 - 38.6 - 38.6

 Department of Justice.................................................. 40.8 3.5 37.3 - 37.3

 Department of State..................................................... 33.9 4.6 29.3 0.7 30.0

 Department of Housing and Urban Development ........ 29.6 1.8 27.8 - 27.8

 National Aeronautics and Space Administration.......... 21.0 0.2 20.8 - 20.8

 Department of the Interior............................................ 21.1 2.6 18.5 - 18.5

 U.S. Agency for International Development................. 12.2 0.1 12.1 - 12.1

 Railroad Retirement Board .......................................... 12.1 - 12.1 - 12.1

 Federal Communication Commission .......................... 11.2 0.4 10.8 - 10.8

 Department of Commerce............................................ 13.8 3.6 10.2 - 10.2

 Environmental Protection Agency................................ 8.8 0.3 8.5 - 8.5

 Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation ........................ 35.7 27.8 7.9 - 7.9

 National Science Foundation....................................... 7.3 - 7.3 - 7.3

 U.S. Postal Service...................................................... 77.5 70.2 7.3 - 7.3

 Smithsonian Institution................................................. 1.5 0.4 1.1 - 1.1

 Millennium Challenge Corporation............................... 0.5 - 0.5 - 0.5

 National Credit Union Administration ........................... 0.4 0.2 0.2 - 0.2

U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission ......................... 0.8 0.7 0.1 - 0.1

 Farm Credit System Insurance Corporation................. 0.1 0.2 (0.1) - (0.1)

 Small Business Administration..................................... 0.3 0.4 (0.1) - (0.1)

 Overseas Private Investment Corporation ................... (0.2) 0.1 (0.3) - (0.3)

 Securities and Exchange Commission ........................ 1.8 2.1 (0.3) - (0.3)

 National Railroad Retirement Investment Trust ........... 0.1 0.7 (0.6) - (0.6)

 Export-Import Bank of the U.S..................................... (0.1) 0.5 (0.6) - (0.6)

 General Services Administration.................................. 0.1 0.8 (0.7) - (0.7)

 Tennessee Valley Authority ......................................... 9.9 11.3 (1.4) - (1.4)

 Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation ....................... 0.4 5.0 (4.6) - (4.6)

All other entities ........................................................... 22.0 1.8 20.2 - 20.2

 Total............................................................................. 5,287.2 418.4 4,868.8 198.9 5,067.7

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements. 
72 FINANCIAL REPORT OF THE UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT, EXCERPT 

March 2020 

United States Government 

Statement of Net Cost 

for the Year Ended September 30, 2018 (Gain)/Loss 

from 

Gross Earned Changes in Net 

 (In billions of dollars) Cost Revenue Subtotal Assumptions Cost 

 Department of Health and Human Services ................ 1,252.6 110.5 1,142.1 0.4 1,142.5 

 Social Security Administration ..................................... 1,038.5 0.2 1,038.3 - 1,038.3

 Department of Defense................................................ 719.8 38.2 681.6 16.8 698.4

 Department of Veterans Affairs.................................... 272.5 4.8 267.7 79.2 346.9 

 Interest on Treasury Securities Held by the Public ...... 357.3 - 357.3 - 357.3

 Department of the Treasury......................................... 150.5 21.9 128.6 - 128.6

 Department of Agriculture............................................ 137.0 6.6 130.4 - 130.4

 Department of Education ............................................. 79.2 31.4 47.8 - 47.8

 Office of Personnel Management ................................ 101.3 23.4 77.9 26.2 104.1

 Department of Transportation...................................... 79.0 1.1 77.9 - 77.9

 Department of Homeland Security............................... 78.3 14.8 63.5 1.1 64.6

 Department of Energy.................................................. 147.0 6.1 140.9 - 140.9

 Department of Labor.................................................... 41.1 - 41.1 - 41.1

 Security Assistance Accounts...................................... 37.9 - 37.9 - 37.9

 Department of Justice.................................................. 35.4 1.9 33.5 - 33.5

 Department of State..................................................... 32.3 4.8 27.5 1.5 29.0

 Department of Housing and Urban Development ........ 43.3 1.8 41.5 - 41.5

 National Aeronautics and Space Administration.......... 20.3 0.2 20.1 - 20.1

 Department of the Interior............................................ 20.4 2.9 17.5 - 17.5

 U.S. Agency for International Development................. 13.1 - 13.1 - 13.1

 Railroad Retirement Board .......................................... 13.1 - 13.1 - 13.1

 Federal Communication Commission .......................... 10.8 0.4 10.4 - 10.4

 Department of Commerce............................................ 11.8 3.6 8.2 - 8.2

 Environmental Protection Agency................................ 8.3 0.4 7.9 - 7.9

 Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation ........................ (7.8) 16.7 (24.5) - (24.5)

 National Science Foundation....................................... 7.3 - 7.3 - 7.3

 U.S. Postal Service...................................................... 71.4 69.7 1.7 - 1.7

 Smithsonian Institution................................................. 1.5 0.5 1.0 - 1.0

 Millennium Challenge Corporation............................... 0.8 - 0.8 - 0.8

 National Credit Union Administration ........................... 0.9 0.6 0.3 - 0.3

 U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission ......................... 0.9 0.7 0.2 - 0.2

 Farm Credit System Insurance Corporation................. 0.2 0.2 - - -

 Small Business Administration..................................... 0.7 0.3 0.4 - 0.4

 Overseas Private Investment Corporation ................... - 0.1 (0.1) - (0.1)

 Securities and Exchange Commission ........................ 1.8 2.3 (0.5) - (0.5)

 National Railroad Retirement Investment Trust ........... 0.1 1.9 (1.8) - (1.8)

 Export-Import Bank of the U.S..................................... - 0.5 (0.5) - (0.5)

 General Services Administration.................................. - 0.8 (0.8) - (0.8)

 Tennessee Valley Authority ......................................... 9.9 11.2 (1.3) - (1.3)

 Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation ....................... 1.3 10.8 (9.5) - (9.5)

All other entities ........................................................... 18.7 1.5 17.2 - 17.2

 Total............................................................................. 4,808.5 392.8 4,415.7 125.2 4,540.9 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements. 
FINANCIAL REPORT OF THE UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT, EXCERPT 73

March 2020 

United States Government 

Statement of Operations and Changes in Net Position 

for the Year Ended September 30, 2019 

Funds other Funds from 

those from Dedicated 

Dedicated Collections

Collections (Note 20)

(Combined) (Combined) Eliminations Consolidated 

(In billions of dollars) 2019 

Revenue (Note 17): 

Individual income tax and tax withholdings .... 1,687.6 1,218.6 - 2,906.2

Corporate income taxes ............................ 322.5 - - 322.5

Excise taxes ........................................... 42.1 60.7 - 102.8

Unemployment taxes ............................... - 39.4 - 39.4

Customs duties ....................................... 72.6 0.1 - 72.7

Estate and gift taxes ................................ 16.7 - - 16.7

Other taxes and receipts ........................... 102.4 42.9 - 145.3

Miscellaneous earned revenues ................. 12.0 3.4 - 15.4

Intragovernmental interest ......................... - 95.5 (95.5) -

Total Revenue ........................................ 2,255.9 1,460.6 (95.5) 3,621.0 

Net Cost of Government Operations: 

Net cost ................................................. 3,237.5 1,830.2 - 5,067.7

Intragovernmental interest ......................... 95.5 - (95.5) -

Total net cost .......................................... 3,333.0 1,830.2 (95.5) 5,067.7 

Intragovernmental transfers .................. (406.0) 406.0 - - 

Unmatched transactions and balances 

(Note 1.R) ............................................. 1.6 - - 1.6

Net operating (cost)/revenue .................. (1,481.5) 36.4 - (1,445.1)

Net position, beginning of period ........... (25,001.4) 3,480.7 - (21,520.7)

Adjustments to beginning net position 

(Note 1.S) ........................................... 13.0 - - 13.0

Net operating (cost)/revenue ...................... (1,481.5) 36.4 - (1,445.1)

Net position, end of period .................... (26,469.9) 3,517.1 - (22,952.8)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements. 
74 FINANCIAL REPORT OF THE UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT, EXCERPT 

March 2020 

United States Government 

Statement of Operations and Changes in Net Position 

for the Year Ended September 30, 2018 (Restated) 

Funds other than Funds from 

those from Dedicated 

Dedicated Collections 

Collections (Note 20)

(Combined) (Combined) Eliminations Consolidated 

(In billions of dollars) 2018 

Revenue (Note 17): 

Individual income tax and tax withholdings ....... 1,655.2 1,138.0 - 2,793.2

Corporate income taxes ............................... 208.9 - - 208.9

Excise taxes .............................................. 33.7 63.1 - 96.8

Unemployment taxes .................................. - 43.2 - 43.2

Customs duties .......................................... 41.4 0.1 - 41.5

Estate and gift taxes ................................... 23.0 - - 23.0

Other taxes and receipts .............................. 123.8 40.3 - 164.1

Miscellaneous earned revenues .................... 9.3 4.3 - 13.6

Intragovernmental interest ............................ - 98.5 (98.5) - 

Total Revenue ........................................... 2,095.3 1,387.5 (98.5) 3,384.3 

Net Cost of Government Operations: 

Net cost .................................................... 2,822.2 1,718.7 - 4,540.9

Intragovernmental interest ............................ 98.5 - (98.5) - 

Total net cost ............................................. 2,920.7 1,718.7 (98.5) 4,540.9 

Intragovernmental transfers ............................. (369.8) 369.8 - - 

Unmatched transactions and balances 

(Note 1.R) ................................................ (2.4) - - (2.4)

Net operating (cost)/revenue ............................ (1,197.6) 38.6 - (1,159.0)

Net position, beginning of period ...................... (23,781.3) 3,419.5 - (20,361.8)

Adjustments to beginning net position 

(Note 1.S) .............................................. (22.5) 22.6 - 0.1

Net operating (cost)/revenue ......................... (1,197.6) 38.6 - (1,159.0)

Net position, end of period............................... (25,001.4) 3,480.7 - (21,520.7)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements. 
FINANCIAL REPORT OF THE UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT, EXCERPT 75

March 2020 

United States Government 

Reconciliations of Net Operating Cost and Budget Deficit 

for the Years Ended September 30, 2019, and 2018 

Restated

(In billions of dollars) 2019 2018

Net operating cost ...................................................................................................... (1,445.1) (1,159.0)

Components of net operating cost not part of the budget deficit 

Excess of accrual-basis expenses over budget outlays 

* Federal employee and veteran benefits payable

Pension and accrued benefits ............................................................................... 183.1 88.4 

Veterans compensation and burial benefits .............................................................. 173.5 146.3 

Post-retirement health and accrued benefits ............................................................. 55.0 33.0 

Other benefits .................................................................................................... 46.4 14.5 

Subtotal - federal employee and veteran benefits payable ........................................ 458.0 282.2 

* Insurance and guarantee program liabilities ............................................................... 24.3 (32.3)

* Environmental and disposal liabilities ........................................................................ 18.1 112.8 

* Accounts payable ................................................................................................. 11.3 15.9 

* Benefits due and payable ....................................................................................... 12.5 (7.7)

* Other liabilities ..................................................................................................... 31.4 5.8 

Subtotal - excess of accrual-basis expenses over budget outlays ............................... 555.6 376.7 

Amortized expenses not included in budget outlays 

Property, plant, and equipment depreciation expense .................................................. 88.4 72.7 

Other expenses that are not reported as budget outlays 

Property, plant, and equipment disposals and revaluations ........................................... (38.8)    (4.0)

Excess of accrual-basis revenue over budget receipts 

Accounts receivable, net ........................................................................................ (4.0)    6.2 

Taxes receivable, net ............................................................................................. (89.1)    (7.8)

Other losses/(gains) and cost/(revenue) that are not budget receipts 

* Investments in government-sponsored enterprises ...................................................... 1.1 (20.6)

Subtotal - components of net operating cost not part of budget deficit ......................... 513.2 423.2 

Components of the budget deficit that are not part of net operating cost 

Budget receipts not included in net operating cost 

Credit reform and other loan activities ....................................................................... 45.3 5.0 

Budget outlays not included in net operating cost 

Acquisition of capital assets ..................................................................................... (66.0)    (72.2)

* Debt and equity securities ...................................................................................... (6.1)    4.0 

* Inventories and related property .............................................................................. (18.2)    (10.8)

* Other assets ........................................................................................................ 1.2 35.9 

Subtotal - components of the budget deficit that are not part of net operating cost ......... (43.8)    (38.1)

Adjustments to beginning net position 13.0 0.1 

Other 

All other reconciling items ....................................................................................... (21.7)    (5.2)

Budget deficit............................................................................................................. (984.4)    (779.0)

* The amounts represent the year over year net change in the Balance Sheet line items.

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
76 FINANCIAL REPORT OF THE UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT, EXCERPT 

March 2020 

United States Government

Statements of Changes in Cash Balance from Budget and Other Activities

for the Years Ended September 30, 2019, and 2018

(In billions of dollars) 2019 2018

Cash flow from budget activities 

Total budget receipts .......................................................................................... 3,462.2 3,328.7

Total budget outlays .......................................................................................... (4,446.6) (4,107.7)

Budget deficit .................................................................................................... (984.4) (779.0)

Adjustments for non-cash outlays included in the budget 

Non-cash flow amounts in the budget related to federal debt securities 

Accrued interest ................................................................................................ 305.5 268.5

Net amortization ................................................................................................ 65.7 41.9

Other............................................................................................................... (33.3) 1.1 

Subtotal - adjustments for non-cash flow amounts in the budget related to federal debt 

securities ......................................................................................................... 337.9 311.5

Non-cash flow amounts in the budget related to loan financing account activity 

Interest revenue on uninvested funds ..................................................................... 7.1 7.9

Interest expense on entity borrowings .................................................................... (43.2) (42.1)

Entities' downward reestimates/negative subsidy payments ........................................ (22.8) (37.3)

Entities' subsidy expense/upward reestimates ......................................................... 47.7 35.8

Subtotal - adjustments for non-cash flow amounts in the budget related to loan financing 

account activity.................................................................................................. (11.2) (35.7)

Total of adjustments for non-cash outlays included in the budget ................................... 326.7 275.8

Cash flow from activities not included in the budget 

Cash flow from non-budget activities related to federal debt securities 

Interest paid ..................................................................................................... (305.7) (260.4)

Subtotal - cash flow from non-budget activities related to federal debt securities ............. (305.7) (260.4)

Cash flow from non-budget activities related to loan financing account activity 

Loan disbursements/default payments ................................................................... (214.3) (194.9)

Fees ............................................................................................................... 24.5 25.0 

Principal & interest repayments............................................................................. 125.9 117.7

Other collections on defaulted loans receivable and sale of foreclosed property .............. 4.5 5.7

Other loan financing account activities ................................................................... - 0.6

Subtotal - cash flow from non-budget activities related to loan financing account activity ... (59.4) (45.9)

Cash flow from financing federal debt securities 

Borrowings ....................................................................................................... 11,813.4 10,080.1 

Repayments ..................................................................................................... (10,732.1) (8,993.5)

Discount/premium .............................................................................................. (60.4) (54.7)

Subtotal - cash flow from financing federal debt securities .......................................... 1,020.9 1,031.9

Total cash flow from activities not included in the budget .............................................. 655.8 725.6

Other 

Total other .......................................................................................................... 19.0 13.9

Change in cash and other monetary assets balance ................................................... 17.1 236.3

Beginning cash and other monetary assets balance .................................................... 507.5 271.2

Ending cash and other monetary assets balance ........................................................ 524.6 507.5

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements. 
FINANCIAL REPORT OF THE UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT, EXCERPT 77

March 2020 

United States Government 

Balance Sheets 

as of September 30, 2019, and 2018 

Restated

(In billions of dollars) 2019 2018

Assets: 

Cash and other monetary assets (Note 2) ........................................................ 524.6 507.5

Accounts and taxes receivable, net (Note 3) ..................................................... 238.0 144.9

Loans receivable, net (Note 4) ....................................................................... 1,425.8 1,419.1

Inventories and related property, net (Note 5).................................................... 355.7 337.5

Property, plant and equipment, net (Note 6)...................................................... 1,106.9 1,090.5

Debt and equity securities (Note 7) ................................................................. 118.3 112.2

Investments in government-sponsored enterprises (Note 8).................................. 112.1 113.2

Other assets (Note 9) .................................................................................. 110.6 111.8

Total assets ............................................................................................ 3,992.0 3,836.7

Stewardship land and heritage assets (Note 24) 

Liabilities: 

Accounts payable (Note 10) .......................................................................... 98.0 86.7

Federal debt securities held by the public and accrued interest (Note 11) ................ 16,861.0 15,812.7 

Federal employee and veteran benefits payable (Note 12) ................................... 8,440.3 7,982.3

Environmental and disposal liabilities (Note 13) ................................................. 595.4 577.3

Benefits due and payable (Note 14) ................................................................ 223.6 211.1

Insurance and guarantee program liabilities (Note 15)......................................... 194.5 170.2 

Loan guarantee liabilities (Note 4) .................................................................. 21.7 38.2

Other liabilities (Note 16) .............................................................................. 510.3 478.9

Total liabilities ......................................................................................... 26,944.8 25,357.4 

 Contingencies (Note 18) and Commitments (Note 19) 

Net Position: 

Funds from Dedicated Collections (Note 20) ..................................................... 3,517.1 3,480.7

Funds other than those from Dedicated Collections ........................................... (26,469.9) (25,001.4)

Total net position...................................................................................... (22,952.8) (21,520.7)

Total liabilities and net position.................................................................... 3,992.0 3,836.7

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements. 
78 FINANCIAL REPORT OF THE UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT, EXCERPT 

March 2020 

United States Government 

Statements of Long-Term Fiscal Projections (Note 23) 

Present Value of 75-Year Projections as of September 30, 2019 and 20181 

In trillions of dollars Percent of GDP2

2019 2018 Change 2019 2018 Change

Receipts: 

Social Security payroll taxes ................. 65.7 60.6 5.1 4.3 4.3 -

Medicare payroll taxes......................... 22.1 20.3 1.8 1.4 1.4 -

Individual income taxes ....................... 161.7 143.8 17.9 10.6 10.2 0.3 

Corporation income taxes .................... 19.3 18.8 0.5 1.3 1.3 (0.1)

Other receipts ................................... 21.1 18.5 2.6 1.4 1.3 0.1

Total receipts ......................................... 289.9 262.0 27.9 18.9 18.6 0.3 

Non-interest spending: 

Social Security................................... 88.7 82.5 6.2 5.8 5.9 (0.1)

Medicare Part A3 ................................ 32.2 29.1 3.1 2.1 2.1 -

Medicare Parts B & D4......................... 40.7 35.7 5.0 2.7 2.5 0.1

Medicaid .......................................... 37.3 34.1 3.2 2.4 2.4 -

Other mandatory................................ 45.4 41.0 4.4 3.0 2.9 0.1

Defense discretionary.......................... 48.1 42.9 5.2 3.1 3.0 0.1

Non-defense discretionary.................... 46.6 42.9 3.6 3.0 3.1 -

Total non-interest spending ....................... 338.9 308.2 30.7 22.1 21.9 0.2

Receipts less non-interest spending ........ (49.0) (46.2) (2.9) (3.2) (3.3) 0.1 

Fiscal gap5 ................................................................................................ (3.8) (4.1) 0.2 

1

75-year present value projections for 2019 are as of 9/30/2019 for fiscal years 2020-2094; projections for 2018 are as of 9/30/2018 for fiscal

years 2019-2093. 2

The 75-year present value of nominal GDP, which drives the calculations above is $1,531.8 trillion starting in fiscal year 2020, and was

$1,406.3 trillion starting in fiscal year 2019. 3

Represents portions of Medicare supported by payroll taxes. 4

Represents portions of Medicare supported by general revenues. Consistent with the President's Budget, outlays for Parts B & D are

presented net of premiums. 5

To prevent the debt-to-GDP ratio from rising over the next 75 years, a combination of non-interest spending reductions and receipt increases

that amounts to 3.8 percent of GDP on average is needed (4.1 percent of GDP on average in 2018). See Note 23—Long-Term Fiscal

Projections.

Totals may not equal the sum of components due to rounding. 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements. 
FINANCIAL REPORT OF THE UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT, EXCERPT 79

March 2020 

United States Government 

Statements of Social Insurance (Note 22) 

Present Value of Long-Range (75 Years, except Black Lung) Actuarial Projections 

(In trillions of dollars) 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015

Federal Old-Age, Survivors and Disability Insurance (Social 

Security):11

Revenue (Contributions and Dedicated Taxes) from: 

Participants who have attained eligibility age (age 62 and over) .. 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.2 

Participants who have not attained eligibility age ..................... 33.6 31.6 30.2 29.3 27.8 

Future participants............................................................ 35.3 31.8 30.5 29.7 26.6 

All current and future participants......................................... 70.4 64.9 62.1 60.3 55.6 

Expenditures for Scheduled Future Benefits for: 

Participants who have attained eligibility age (age 62 and over) .. (16.9) (15.9) (14.7) (13.6) (12.8)

Participants who have not attained eligibility age ..................... (55.8) (52.2) (50.2) (48.4) (45.3)

Future participants............................................................ (14.5) (13.0) (12.6) (12.4) (10.9)

All current and future participants......................................... (87.2) (81.1) (77.5) (74.4) (69.0)

Present value of future expenditures in excess of future 

revenue............................................................................ (16.8)1 (16.2)2 (15.4)3 (14.1)4 (13.4)5

Federal Hospital Insurance (Medicare Part A):11

Revenue (Contributions and Dedicated Taxes) from: 

Participants who have attained eligibility age (age 65 and over) .. 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.4 

Participants who have not attained eligibility age ..................... 12.0 11.3 10.6 10.2 9.1 

Future participants............................................................ 11.8 11.0 10.6 10.0 8.4 

All current and future participants......................................... 24.4 22.8 21.7 20.7 17.9 

Expenditures for Scheduled Future Benefits for: 

Participants who have attained eligibility age (age 65 and over) .. (5.3) (5.0) (4.5) (4.3) (3.8)

Participants who have not attained eligibility age ..................... (20.0) (18.6) (17.2) (16.8) (14.5)

Future participants............................................................ (4.5) (3.9) (3.5) (3.4) (2.8)

All current and future participants......................................... (29.8) (27.5) (25.2) (24.5) (21.1)

Present value of future expenditures in excess of future 

revenue............................................................................ (5.4)1 (4.7)2 (3.5)3 (3.8)4 (3.2)5

Federal Supplementary Medical Insurance (Medicare Part B):11

Revenue (Premiums) from: 

Participants who have attained eligibility age (age 65 and over) .. 1.5 1.3 1.1 1.0 0.9 

Participants who have not attained eligibility age ..................... 7.5 6.6 5.9 5.3 4.6 

Future participants............................................................ 1.9 1.5 1.4 1.2 1.0 

General Fund Transfers..................................................... 28.8 25.1 22.4 20.0 17.5 

All current and future participants......................................... 39.7 34.5 30.8 27.5 24.0 

Expenditures for Scheduled Future Benefits for: 

Participants who have attained eligibility age (age 65 and over) .. (5.8) (5.2) (4.5) (4.0) (3.6)

Participants who have not attained eligibility age ..................... (27.3) (23.9) (21.4) (19.2) (16.9)

Future participants............................................................ (6.6) (5.4) (4.9) (4.3) (3.5)

All current and future participants......................................... (39.7) (34.5) (30.8) (27.5) (24.0)

Eliminations....................................................................... (28.8) (25.1) (22.4) (20.0) (17.5)

Present value of future expenditures in excess of future 

revenue (after eliminations)6.................................................. (28.8)1 (25.1)2 (22.4)3 (20.0)4 (17.5)5

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements. 

Previously reported amounts have been adjusted for rounding differences. 
80 FINANCIAL REPORT OF THE UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT, EXCERPT 

March 2020 

United States Government 

Statements of Social Insurance (Note 22), continued 

Present Value of Long-Range (75 Years, except Black Lung) Actuarial Projections 

(In trillions of dollars) 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015

Federal Supplementary Medical Insurance (Medicare Part D):11

Revenue (Premiums and State Transfers) from: 

Participants who have attained eligibility age (age 65 and over) .. 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 

Participants who have not attained eligibility age ...................... 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.2 1.8 

Future participants ............................................................. 0.9 0.8 0.8 1.0 0.8 

General Fund Transfers ...................................................... 8.0 7.9 7.6 8.7 7.3 

All current and future participants ......................................... 11.2 11.1 10.8 12.2 10.2 

Expenditures for Scheduled Future Benefits for: 

Participants who have attained eligibility age (age 65 and over) .. (1.0) (1.0) (1.0) (1.0) (0.9)

Participants who have not attained eligibility age ...................... (7.2) (7.2) (6.9) (7.6) (6.5)

Future participants ............................................................. (3.0) (2.9) (2.9) (3.6) (2.8)

All current and future participants ......................................... (11.2) (11.1) (10.8) (12.2) (10.2)

Eliminations ........................................................................ (8.0) (7.9) (7.6) (8.7) (7.3)

Present value of future expenditures in excess of future 

revenue (after eliminations)6 ................................................... (8.0)1 (7.9)2 (7.6)3 (8.7)4 (7.3)5

Other: 

Present value of future expenditures in excess of future 

    revenue 7 ......................................................................... (0.1)1 (0.1)2 (0.1)3 (0.1)4 (0.1)5

Total present value of future expenditures in excess of future 

revenue8, 9, 10 ...................................................................... (59.1) (54.0) (49.0) (46.7) (41.5)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements. 

Previously reported amounts have been adjusted for rounding differences. 
FINANCIAL REPORT OF THE UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT, EXCERPT 81

March 2020 

United States Government 

Statements of Social Insurance (Note 22), continued 

Present Value of Long-Range (75 Years, except Black Lung) Actuarial Projections 

(In trillions of dollars) 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015

Social Insurance Summary11

Participants who have attained eligibility age: 

Revenue (e.g., contributions and dedicated taxes) ................. 3.8 3.6 3.3 3.1 2.8

Expenditures for scheduled future benefits ........................... (29.1) (27.2) (24.8) (23.0) (21.2)

Present value of future expenditures in excess of 

future revenue .............................................................. (25.3) (23.6) (21.5) (19.9) (18.4)

Participants who have not attained eligibility age: 

Revenue (e.g., contributions and dedicated taxes) ................. 55.2 51.6 48.8 47.0 43.3 

Expenditures for scheduled future benefits ........................... (110.3) (101.9) (95.7) (92.0) (83.2)

Present value of future expenditures in excess of 

future revenue .............................................................. (55.1) (50.3) (46.9) (45.0) (39.9)

Closed-group - Total present value of future expenditures (80.4) (73.9) (68.4) (64.9) (58.3)

in excess of future revenue ...............................................

Future participants: 

Revenue (e.g., contributions and dedicated taxes) ................. 49.9 45.1 43.3 41.9 36.8 

Expenditures for scheduled future benefits ........................... (28.6) (25.2) (23.9) (23.7) (20.0)

Present value of future revenue in excess of future 

expenditure ................................................................. 21.3 19.9 19.4 18.2 16.8 

Open-group - Total present value of future expenditures in (59.1) (54.0) (49.0) (46.7) (41.5)

excess of future revenue ..................................................... 1 The projection period for Social Security and Medicare is 1/1/2019-12/31/2093 and the valuation date is 1/1/2019. 2 The projection period for Social Security and Medicare is 1/1/2018-12/31/2092 and the valuation date is 1/1/2018. 3 The projection period for Social Security and Medicare is 1/1/2017-12/31/2091 and the valuation date is 1/1/2017. 4 The projection period for Social Security and Medicare is 1/1/2016-12/31/2090 and the valuation date is 1/1/2016. 5 The projection period for Social Security and Medicare is 1/1/2015-12/31/2089 and the valuation date is 1/1/2015. 6 These amounts represent the present value of the future transfers from the General Fund to the SMI Trust 

Fund. These future intragovernmental transfers are included as income in both HHS’ and the CMS’s 

Financial Reports but, by accounting convention, are not income from the governmentwide perspective of this report. 7 Includes Railroad Retirement and Black Lung. 

8 These amounts do not include the present value of the financial interchange between the railroad retirement and social security systems, 

which is included as income in the Railroad Retirement Financial Report, but is not included from the governmentwide perspective of this 

report. (See discussion of RRP in the unaudited RSI section of this report). 9 Does not include interest expense accruing on the outstanding debt of the BLDTF. 10 For information on the projection periods and valuation dates for the Railroad Retirement and Black Lung programs, refer to the financial 

statements of RRB and DOL, respectively. 

11 Current participants for the Social Security and Medicare programs are assumed to be the “closed-group” of individuals who are at least 

15 years of age at the start of the projection period, and are participating as either taxpayers, beneficiaries, or both. Amounts shown exclude 

General Fund Transfers for Medicare's Parts B and D. 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements. 

Previously reported amounts have been adjusted for rounding differences. 
82 FINANCIAL REPORT OF THE UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT, EXCERPT 

March 2020 

United States Government 

Statement of Changes in Social Insurance Amounts 

for the Year Ended September 30, 2019 (Note 22)

Social Medicare Medicare 

(In trillions of dollars) Security1 HI1 SMI1 Other2 Total 

Net present value (NPV) of future revenue less 

future expenditures for current and future 

participants (the “open group”) over the next 75 

years, beginning of the year ................................. (16.2) (4.7) (33.0) (0.1) (54.0)

Reasons for changes in the NPV during the year: 

Changes in valuation period .................................. (0.5) (0.2) (1.2) - (1.9)

Changes in demographic data, assumptions, and 

methods............................................................ 0.4 - 0.4 - 0.8

Changes in economic data, assumptions, and 

methods............................................................ (1.0) - - - (1.0)

Changes in law or policy ...................................... - - - - -

Changes in methodology and programmatic data ...... 0.5 - - - 0.5

Changes in economic and other health care 

assumptions ................................................... - (0.3) (2.7) - (3.0)

Change in projection base .................................... - (0.2) (0.3) - (0.5)

Net change in open group measure ........................ (0.6) (0.7) (3.8) - (5.1)

Open group measure, end of year ............................ (16.8) (5.4) (36.8) (0.1) (59.1)

1

 Amounts represent changes between valuation dates 1/1/2018 and 1/1/2019. 

2

 Includes Railroad Retirement changes between valuation dates 10/1/2017 and 10/1/2018 and Black Lung changes between 9/30/2018 and 

 9/30/2019. 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements. 
FINANCIAL REPORT OF THE UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT, EXCERPT 83

March 2020 

United States Government 

Statement of Changes in Social Insurance Amounts 

for the Year Ended September 30, 2018 (Note 22) 

Social Medicare Medicare 

(In trillions of dollars) Security1 HI1 SMI1 Other2 Total 

Net present value (NPV) of future revenue less 

future expenditures for current and future 

participants (the “open group”) over the next 75 

years, beginning of the year ................................. (15.4) (3.5) (30.0) (0.1) (49.0)

Reasons for changes in the NPV during the year: 

Changes in valuation period .................................. (0.6) (0.2) (1.2) - (2.0)

Changes in demographic data, assumptions, and 

methods............................................................ 0.1 0.4 0.2 - 0.7

Changes in economic data, assumptions, and ..........

methods............................................................ (0.5) - - - (0.5)

Changes in law or policy ...................................... - (0.5) (0.5) - (1.0)

Changes in methodology and programmatic data ...... 0.2 - - - 0.2

Changes in economic and other health care 

 assumptions ..................................................... - - (1.5) - (1.5)

Change in projection base .................................... - (0.9) - - (0.9)

Net change in open group measure ........................ (0.8) (1.2) (3.0) - (5.0)

Open group measure, end of year ............................ (16.2) (4.7) (33.0) (0.1) (54.0)

1

 Amounts represent changes between valuation dates 1/1/2017 and 1/1/2018. 

2

 Includes Railroad Retirement changes between valuation dates 10/1/2016 and 10/1/2017 and Black Lung changes between 9/30/2017 and 

 9/30/2018. 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements. 

Previously reported amounts have been adjusted for rounding differences. 
TRUST FUNDS 

March 2020 

84 

INTRODUCTION: Airport and Airway Trust Fund 

The Airport and Airway Trust Fund was established on 

the books of the Department of Treasury in fiscal year 

1971, according to provisions of the Airport and Airway 

Revenue Act of 1970 [49 United States Code 1742(a), 

repealed]. The Tax Equity and Fiscal Responsibility Act of 

1982 (Public Law 97-248, dated September 3, 1982) 

reestablished the trust fund in the Internal Revenue Code 

(26 United States Code 9502) effective September 1, 1982. 

Treasury transfers from the general fund to the trust 

fund amounts equivalent to the taxes received from 

transportation of persons and property by air, gasoline and 

jet fuel used in commercial and noncommercial aircraft, 

and an international arrival and departure tax. The Omnibus 

Budget Reconciliation Act of 1990 (Public Law 101-508, 

dated November 5, 1990) increased rates for the excise 

taxes transferred to the fund. 

Treasury bases these transfers on estimates made by the 

Secretary of the Treasury. These are subject to adjustments 

in later transfers in the amount of actual tax receipts. The 

FAA Reauthorization Act of 2018 (Public Law 115-254), 

effective October 5, 2018, extended the aviation excise 

taxes until October 1, 2023. The Act included provisions 

that: 

 Retained the existing passenger ticket, flight

segment, and freight waybill taxes. The domestic flight 

segment tax is indexed to the Consumer Price Index; 

effective calendar year 2019, the tax is $4.30. It also 

retained a special rule applied to flights between the 

continental United States and Alaska or Hawaii. This 

departure tax is indexed to the Consumer Price Index; 

effective calendar year 2019, the tax is $9.50. 

 Retained the existing tax per person for

international flights that begin or end in the United States. 

The tax is indexed to the Consumer Price Index; effective 

calendar year 2019, the tax is $18.90. 

 Retained the existing tax on payments to airlines

for frequent flyer and similar awards by banks and credit 

card companies, merchants and frequent flyer program 

partners, such as other airlines, hotels and rental car 

companies, and other businesses. The tax on mileage 

awards is 7.5% of the value of the miles. 

 Retained the commercial aviation fuel tax and the

general aviation jet fuel/gas taxes. The current tax rate for 

commercial aviation fuel is 4.3 cents per gallon and 19.3 

cents per gallon for general aviation gas. General aviation 

jet fuel is 21.8 cents per gallon. 

The FAA Modernization and Reform Act 2012 imposed 

a new surtax on fuel used in aircraft that is part of a 

fractional ownership program; the surtax applies to fuel 

used after March 31, 2012. Currently this is a 14.1 cents 

per gallon surcharge of fuel used in fractional ownership 

flights. It also changed the classification of transportation as 

part of a fractional ownership program from commercial 

aviation to noncommercial aviation. 

The FAA Modernization and Reform Act 2012 also 

repealed the excise tax exemption for transportation by 

small jet aircraft operating on non- established lines. (IRS 

defines the term “operated on an established line” to mean 

operated with some degree of regularity between definite 

points). 

More recently, however, P.L. 115-97 exempts certain 

payments related to the management of private aircraft from 

the excise taxes imposed on taxable transportation by air. 

Treasury makes available to the Federal Aviation 

Administration (FAA), Department of Transportation 

(DOT), amounts required for outlays to carry out the 

Airport and Airway program. The Secretary of the Treasury 

makes other charges to the trust fund to transfer certain 

refunds of taxes and certain outfits, under section 34 of the 

Internal Revenue Code (IRC). 
TRUST FUNDS 

March 2020

85 

TABLE TF-1.—Airport and Airway Trust Fund 

Results of Operations, Fiscal Year 2019 

[Source: DOT] 

Description IRC section (26 United States Code) Amount 

Balance Oct. 1, 2018 ...................................................................................................................................................................................................... $16,982,000,000

Receipts: 

Grants-in-aid for Airports funding from General Fund....................................................................................................................................... 1,000,000,000

Excise taxes (transferred from general fund): 

Liquid fuel in a fractional ownership flight............................................. 4043...................................................................................... 17,744,374

Liquid fuel other than gasoline.............................................................. 4041...................................................................................... 649,328,558

Gasoline................................................................................................ 4081...................................................................................... 27,966,107

Transportation by airseats, berths, etc. ................................................ 4261 (a) (b)........................................................................... 10,365,106,438

Use of international travel facilities ....................................................... 4261 (c)................................................................................. 4,281,268,137

Transportation of property, cargo ......................................................... 4271 ...................................................................................... 650,373,607

Gross excise taxes ............................................................................................................................................................................................. 15,991,787,222

Less refunds of taxes (reimbursed to general fund): 

Liquid fuel other than gasoline.................................................................. 4041...................................................................................... 11,007,466

Gasoline ...................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 4,792,575

Total refunds of taxes ............................................................................................................................................................................................. 15,800,041

Net taxes ................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 15,975,987,180

General Fund Payments 500,000,000

Refunds on Federal Payments (DOT) ........................................................................................................................................................................ 24,849,772

Interest on investments ............................................................................................................................................................................................... 343,001,731

 CMIA interest income ................................................................................................................................................................................................. 11,491

Total receipts .......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 16,843,850,176

Expenses: 

Operations .................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 9,250,000,000

Grants in aid for Airports ............................................................................................................................................................................................. 3,466,815,069

Facilities and equipment ............................................................................................................................................................................................. 2,924,126,296

Research, engineering, and development .................................................................................................................................................................. 161,557,944

Air carriers ................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 196,974,136

CMIA Interest Expense ............................................................................................................................................................................................... -

Total expenses ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 15,999,473,446

Offsetting collections ....................................................................................................................................................................................................... 89,320,307

Balance Sept. 30, 2019 .................................................................................................................................................................................................. $17,915,697,036

Note.—Detail may not add to totals due to rounding. 

Airport and Airway Trust Fund 

Expected Condition and Results of Operations, Fiscal Years 2020-2024 

[In millions of dollars. Source: DOT] 

2020 2021 2022 2023 2024

Balance Oct. 1 ............................................................................ 17,916 17,668 17,813 18,957 21,066

Receipts:

Excise taxes, net of refunds.................................................... 17,440 17,987 18,933 19,940 21,123

Interest on investments ........................................................... 426 375 507 562 653

Offsetting collections ............................................................... 100 100 140 143 153

Total receipts ...................................................................... 17,966 18,462 19,580 20,645 21,929

Expenses: 

Gross Outlays ......................................................................... 18,214 18,317 18,436 18,536 18,779

Balance Sept. 30......................................................................... 17,668 17,813 18,957 21,066 24,216
TRUST FUNDS 

March 2020 

86 

INTRODUCTION: Uranium Enrichment 

Decontamination and Decommissioning (D&D) Fund 

The Uranium Enrichment Decontamination and 

Decommissioning Fund was established on the books of the 

Treasury in fiscal year (FY) 1993, in accordance with 

provisions of the Energy Policy Act of 1992 (42 United 

States Code 2297g). Receipts represent (1) fees collected 

from domestic public utilities based on their pro rata share of 

purchases of separative work units from the Department of 

Energy (DOE) and (2) appropriations toward the 

Government contribution based on the balance of separative 

work unit purchases. 

Expenditures from the fund include (1) decontaminating 

and decommissioning three gaseous diffusion plants (Oak 

Ridge, Tennessee; Paducah, Kentucky; and Portsmouth, 

Ohio), (2) remedial actions and related environmental 

restoration cost at the gaseous diffusion plants, and (3) 

reimbursement to uranium/thorium producers for the cost of 

decontamination, decommissioning, reclamation, and 

remedial action of uranium/thorium sites that are incident to 

sales to the U. S. Government. 

Amounts available in the fund exceeding current needs 

may be invested by the Secretary of the Treasury in 

obligations of the United States (1) having maturities 

consistent with the needs of the fund and (2) bearing interest 

at rates determined appropriate, taking into consideration the 

current average market yield on outstanding marketable 

obligations of the United States with remaining periods to 

maturity comparable to these investments.

Annually, the Secretary of the Treasury, after 

consultation with the Secretary of Energy, is required to 

provide a report to Congress (see 42 USC 2297g(b)(1)). 

This report must present the financial condition and the 

results of operations of the fund during the preceding fiscal 

year. 

The Energy Policy Act of 1992 (42 USC 2297g-1, as 

amended) authorized annual deposits to the fund of $518.2 

million (before adjustments for inflation) over a 15-year 

period. Funding was provided by fees assessed on domestic 

public utilities that purchased enriched uranium and 

Government contributions. As specified in the Act, annual 

assessments from domestic public utilities (before 

adjustment for inflation) were not to exceed $150 million. 

The Government was responsible for the remainder ($369.6 

million), adjusted for inflation. 

While the final utility assessments occurred in (FY) 

2007, during the same period (i.e., between FYs 1993 and 

2007), the Government contributed only $5,362.4 million of 

the $6,281.0 million specified in the Act. This resulted in a 

$918.6 million shortfall of the authorized Government 

contributions. The Government continued to make annual 

contributions to eliminate this shortfall. Through the FY 

2009 contribution, the overall shortfall (after adjusting for 

inflation) was $40.6 million. Also, during FY 2009, the 

Government designated $390 million of American Recovery 

and Reinvestment Act (ARRA) funding for the Fund’s 

mission. While ARRA funding was not an actual deposit 

into the fund’s invested balances, it provided a dollar-fordollar reduction in the required outlays from the invested 

balances. The Department of Energy recognized the ARRA 

funding as an offset to the Government’s contribution 

shortfall, thereby, satisfying the Government’s contribution 

responsibility. 

The last appropriation was made in FY 2017 when 

Congress appropriated $563 Million. In FY 2018, Congress 

authorized the transfer of about $860.6 million in balances 

from a related account. 
TRUST FUNDS 

March 2020

87 

TABLE TF-2.—Uranium Enrichment Decontamination and Decommissioning Fund 

Results of Operations, Fiscal Year 2019 

[Source: DOE] 

Balance Oct. 1, 2018 ................................................................................................................................................................................. $9,705,973.86 

Receipts: 

Fees collected ........................................................................................................................................................................................ - 

Penalties collected ................................................................................................................................................................................. - 

Interest on investments .......................................................................................................................................................................... 60,951,899.05 

Total receipts ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 60,951,899.05 

Nonexpenditure transfers: 

Transfers in (+) ....................................................................................................................................................................................... - 

Transfers out (-) ..................................................................................................................................................................................... - 

Net nonexpenditure transfers............................................................................................................................................................. - 

Outlays: 

DOE, decontamination and decommissioning activities ........................................................................................................................ 825,845,315.19 

Cost of investments................................................................................................................................................................................ -777,006,764.65 

Total outlays ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 48,838,550.54 

Balance Sept. 30, 2019.............................................................................................................................................................................. $21,819,322 

Uranium Enrichment Decontamination and Decommissioning Fund 

Expected Condition and Results of Operations, Fiscal Years 2020-2024 

[In thousands of dollars. Source: DOE] 

2020 2021 2022 2023 2024

Balance Oct. 1 ......................................................................... 21,819 21,819 21,819 -

Receipts: 

Fees collected ...................................................................... - - - - -

Interest collected .................................................................. 21,296 9,596 467 - -

Total receipts ................................................................... 21,296 9,596 467 - -

Outlays: 

DOE, decontamination and decommissioning fund ............ 715,112 797,521 22,129 - -

Investments redeemed ........................................................ -693,816 -787,925 -206,843 - -

Total outlays net of investments redeemed ..................... 21,296 9,596 22,286 - -

Balance Sept. 30...................................................................... 21,819 21,819 - - -
TRUST FUNDS 

March 2020 

88 

INTRODUCTION: Black Lung Disability Trust Fund 

The Black Lung Disability Trust Fund was established on 

the books of the Treasury in fiscal year 1978 according to the 

Black Lung Benefits Revenue Act of 1977 (Public Law 95-

227). The Black Lung Benefits Revenue Act of 1981 (Public 

Law 97-119) reestablished the fund in the Internal Revenue 

Code (IRC), 26 United States Code 9501. 

The Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 

1985 (Public Law 99-272), enacted April 7, 1986, provided 

for an increase in the coal tax rates effective April 1, 1986, 

through December 31, 1995, and a 5-year forgiveness of 

interest retroactive to October 1, 1985. The 5-year moratorium 

on interest payments ended on September 30, 1990. Payment 

of interest on advances resumed in fiscal year 1991. The 

Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1987 (Public Law 

100-203, title X, section 10503), signed December 22, 1987,

extended the temporary increase in the coal tax through

December 31, 2013.

The Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008 

(Public Law 110-343, title I, subtitle B, section 113), enacted 

October 3, 2008, restructured the Trust Fund Debt by 1) 

refinancing the outstanding principal of the repayable 

advances and unpaid interest on such advances and 2) 

providing a onetime appropriation to the Trust Fund in an 

amount sufficient to pay to the general fund of the Treasury 

the difference between the market value of the outstanding 

repayable advances, plus accrued interest and the proceeds 

from the obligations issued by the Trust Fund to the 

Secretary of the Treasury. The Act also extends the 

temporary increase in the coal tax through December 31, 

2018, and allows the prepayment of the Trust Fund debt 

prior to the maturity date. 

The Code designates the following receipts to be 

appropriated and transferred from the general fund of the 

Treasury to the trust fund: excise taxes on coal sold; taxable 

expenditures of self-dealing by, and excess contributions to, 

private black lung benefit trusts; reimbursements by 

responsible mine operators; and related fines, penalties and 

interest charges. 

Estimates made by the Secretary of the Treasury 

determine monthly transfers of amounts for excise taxes to the 

trust fund subject to adjustments in later transfers to actual tax 

receipts. 

After retirement of the current indebtedness, amounts 

available in the fund exceeding current expenditure 

requirements will be invested by the Secretary of the Treasury 

in interest-bearing public debt securities. Any interest earned 

will be credited to the fund. Also credited, if necessary, will 

be repayable advances from the general fund to meet outlay 

requirements exceeding available revenues. 

To carry out the program, amounts are made available to 

the Department of Labor (DOL). Also charged to the fund are 

administrative expenses incurred by the Department of Health 

and Human Services (HHS) and the Treasury, repayments of 

advances from the general fund and interest on advances. 
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89 

TABLE TF-3.—Black Lung Disability Trust Fund 

Results of Operations, Fiscal Year 2019 

[Source: DOL] 

Balance Oct. 1, 2018 ........................................................................................................................................................................................... 258,801,698 

Receipts: 

Excise taxes (transferred from general fund): 

$1.10 tax on underground coal .................................................................................................................................................................... 111,616,648 

$0.55 tax on surface coal............................................................................................................................................................................. -448,294 

4.4 percent tax on underground coal........................................................................................................................................................... 46,608,751 

4.4 percent tax on surface coal.................................................................................................................................................................... 58,870,646 

Fines, penalties, and interest....................................................................................................................................................................... 1,395,120 

Collection—responsible mine operators...................................................................................................................................................... 20,106,869 

Recovery of prior year funds........................................................................................................................................................................ - 

Repayable advances from the general fund................................................................................................................................................ 1,870,000,000 

Total receipts............................................................................................................................................................................................ 2,108,149,741 

Net receipts .............................................................................................................................................................................................. 2,108,149,741 

Outlays: 

Treasury administrative expenses ................................................................................................................................................................... 409,863 

Salaries and expenses—DOL—Departmental Management.......................................................................................................................... 30,010,372 

Salaries and expenses—DOL—Office of Inspector General .......................................................................................................................... 309,540 

Salaries and expenses—DOL—Employment Standards Administration........................................................................................................ 35,874,748 

Total outlays................................................................................................................................................................................................. 66,604,523 

Expenses: 

Program expenses—DOL................................................................................................................................................................................ 166,577,570 

Repayable advances and interest ................................................................................................................................................................... 1,949,400,000 

Repayment of bond principal ........................................................................................................................................................................... 117,606,000 

Interest on principal debt.................................................................................................................................................................................. 63,888,000 

Total expenses............................................................................................................................................................................................. 2,297,471,570 

Balance Sept. 30, 2019 ........................................................................................................................................................................................ 2,875,346.90 

Cumulative debt, end of year ............................................................................................................................................................................... 2,548,780,029 

Black Lung Disability Trust Fund 

Expected Condition and Results of Operations, Fiscal Years 2020-2024 

[In thousands of dollars. Source: DOL] 

2020 2021 2022 2023 2024

Balance Oct. 1 ........................................................................................ 2,875 2,875 2,875 2,875 2,875

Receipts:

Excise taxes....................................................................................... 322,000 215,000 164,000 165,000 166,000

Advances from the general fund........................................................ 2,004,069 2,290,072 2,662,355 3,067,082 3,501,347

Fines, penalties, and interest............................................................. 2,000 2,000 2,000 2,000 2,000

Total receipts ................................................................................. 2,328,069 2,507,072 2,828,355 3,234,082 3,669,347

Outlays:

Benefit payments ............................................................................... 151,768 151,931 151,777 151,316 150,473

Administrative expenses.................................................................... 67,562 74,362 75,635 76,929 78,245

Repayable advances ......................................................................... 1,870,000 2,004,069 2,290,072 2,662,355 3,067,082

Interest on repayable advances ........................................................ 43,067 66,526 85,864 103,371 119,191

Repayment of principal debt.............................................................. 118,895 120,015 121,786 123,663 124,924

Interest on principal debt ................................................................... 76,777 90,169 103,221 116,448 129,432

Total outlays................................................................................... 2,328,069 2,507,072 2,828,355 3,234,082 3,669,347

Balance Sept. 30.................................................................................... 2,875 2,875 2,875 2,875 2,875

Cumulative debt, end of year................................................................. 2,429,885 2,309,870 2,188,084 2,064,420 1,939,497

Note.—Detail may not add to totals due to rounding. 
TRUST FUNDS 

March 2020 

90 

INTRODUCTION: Harbor Maintenance Trust Fund 

The Harbor Maintenance Trust Fund was established on 

the books of the Treasury on April 1, 1987, according to the 

Water Resources Development Act of 1986 (Public Law 99-

662, November 17, 1986) (26 United States Code 9505). 

Amounts in the Harbor Maintenance Trust Fund are 

available as provided by appropriations acts for making 

expenditures to carry out section 210(a) of the Water 

Resources Development Act of 1986. The appropriations act 

for the Department of Transportation (DOT) for fiscal year 

1995 (Public Law 103-331, September 28, 1994), section 

339, waived collection of charges or tolls on the Saint 

Lawrence Seaway in accordance with section 13(b) of the 

Act of May 13, 1954 (as in effect on April 1, 1987). 

Legislation was passed in the North American Free Trade 

Agreement Implementation Act (Public Law 103-182, 

section 683), which amends paragraph (3) of section 9505(c) 

of the IRC of 1986, to authorize payment of up to $5 million 

annually to Treasury for all expenses of administration 

incurred by the Treasury, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers 

and the Department of Commerce (Commerce) related to the 

administration of subchapter A of chapter 36 (relating to the 

harbor maintenance tax). Section 201 of the Water 

Resources Development Act of 1996 (Public Law 104-303) 

authorizes use of the Harbor Maintenance Trust Fund for 

construction of dredged material disposal facilities 

associated with the operation and maintenance of Federal 

navigation projects for commercial navigation. 

A summary judgment issued October 25, 1995, by the 

United States Court of International Trade in the case United 

States Shoe Corp. v. United States (Court No. 94-11-00668) 

found the Harbor Maintenance tax unconstitutional under the 

Export Clause of the Constitution (Article I, section 9, clause 

5) and enjoined the Customs and Border Protection from

collecting the fee on exports.

The decision was affirmed by the Supreme Court on 

March 31, 1998 (118 Supreme Court 1290). With the tax on 

exports no longer collected, revenues have been reduced by 

approximately 30 percent. 

The Secretary of the Treasury invests in interest-bearing 

obligations of the United States that portion of the trust fund, 

in his judgment, not required to meet current withdrawals. 

The interest on, and proceeds from, the sale or redemption of 

any obligation held in the trust fund is credited to the trust 

fund. 

The Code requires the Secretary of the Treasury to 

submit an annual report to Congress [26 United States Code 

9602(a)]. The report must present the financial condition and 

results of operations of the fund during the past fiscal year 

and the expected condition and operations of the fund during 

the next five fiscal years. 
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91 

TABLE TF-4.—Harbor Maintenance Trust Fund 

Results of Operations, Fiscal Year 2019 

[Source: Department of the Army Corps of Engineers] 

Balance Oct. 1, 2018 ............................................................................................................................................................................................................... $9,321,645,923 

Receipts: 

Excise taxes: 

Imports ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 1,280,032,428 

Exports............................................................................................................................................................................................................................... - 

Domestic ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 92,604,789 

Passengers ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 15,373,615 

Foreign trade...................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 167,396,626 

Interest on investments ...................................................................................................................................................................................................... 214,369,078 

Total receipts ............................................................................................................................................................................................................... 1,769,776,536 

Expenses: 

Corps of Engineers ............................................................................................................................................................................................................. 1,745,402,444 

Saint Lawrence Seaway Development Corporation/DOT .................................................................................................................................................. 36,000,000 

Administrative cost for Department of Homeland Security (Customs)............................................................................................................................... 3,274,000

Operating expenses, miscellaneous returns....................................................................................................................................................................... -

Total expenses ................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 1,784,676,444 

Balance Sept. 30, 2019 ............................................................................................................................................................................................................. 9,306,746,015 

Harbor Maintenance Trust Fund 

Expected Condition and Results of Operations, Fiscal Years 2020-2024 * 

[In millions of dollars. Source: Department of the Army Corps of Engineers] 

2020 2021 2022 2023 2024

Balance Oct. 1 ..................................................................................................... 9,306.7 9,404.9 10,199.7 11,034.5 11,911.0

Receipts:

Harbor maintenance fee .................................................................................. 1,602.1 1,650.1 1,699.6 1,750.6 1,803.1

Interest on investments .................................................................................... 184.4 200.0 216.4 233.6 251.6

Total receipts ............................................................................................... 1,786.5 1,850.1 1,916.0 1,984.2 2,054.7

Total available .............................................................................................. 11,093.2 11,255.0 12,115.7 13,018.7 13,965.7

Outlays:

Harbor Maintenance Trust Fund, legislative proposal 

not subject to paygo ..................................................................................... ---- -

Corps of Engineers operation, maintenance, 

and administrative expenses .......................................................................

1,559.7 967.9 990.4 1,011.4 1,033.0

Corps of Engineers construction ..................................................................... 88.9 47.1 50.0 55.0 60.0

Saint Lawrence Seaway Development Corporation/DOT ............................... 36.5 37.0 37.5 38.0 38.5

Administrative expenses for Department of Homeland Security 

(Customs Service) ...................................................................................................

3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3

Total outlays ................................................................................................. 1,688.4 1,055.3 1,081.2 1,107.7 1,134.8

Balance Sept. 30.................................................................................................. 9,404.9 10,199.7 11,034.5 11,911.0 12,830.9

* Outyear projections are for planning purposes and are based on economic conditions and

agencies’ best projections of revenues and expenses. 
TRUST FUNDS 

March 2020 

92 

INTRODUCTION: Hazardous Substance Superfund 

The Hazardous Substance Response Trust Fund was 

established on the books of the Treasury in fiscal year 1981, 

in accordance with section 221 of the Hazardous Substance 

Response Revenue Act of 1980 [42 United States Code 

9631(a), repealed]. The trust fund was renamed the 

Hazardous Substance Superfund (Superfund) and relocated 

in accordance with section 517 of the Superfund 

Amendments and Reauthorization Act of 1986 [Public Law 

99-499, dated October 17, 1986 (26 United States Code

9507)].

The authority to collect excise taxes on petroleum and 

chemicals, and an environmental tax for all corporations 

with modified alternative taxable income in excess of $2 

million expired in 1995. To implement the Superfund 

program, amounts are appropriated from the start of year 

balance of the Superfund (augmented as necessary by 

general revenues) to the Environmental Protection Agency 

(EPA) for programmatic and administrative expenses. 

In 2015 the EPA implemented a Hazardous Substance 

Superfund Trust Fund Receipt Account for Special Accounts 

that were previously accounted for as off-setting collections. 

Settlement funds received by the Agency now flow through 

the receipt account to be placed in EPA interest bearing 

special accounts to perform response actions at the site in 

accordance with the supporting settlement agreement. Due 

to large settlements EPA received in fiscal year 2015, the 

EPA developed this new process for managing its Special 

Accounts. The Special Account subaccount to the Superfund 

Trust Fund was established as a mechanism for Special 

Account funds to be placed directly into the trust fund, and 

begin earning interest upon receipt. Monthly, the U.S. 

Department of the Treasury’s Bureau of the Fiscal Services 

will prepare separate financial statements for the Special 

Accounts subaccount within the Superfund Trust Fund 

financial statements. 

An annual report to Congress by the Secretary of 

Treasury is required by 26 United States Code 9602(a). 

These reports present the financial condition of the 

Superfund and the results of operation for the past fiscal 

year, and its expected condition during the next 5 fiscal 

years. 
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93 

TABLE TF-5.—Hazardous Substance Superfund 1,2 

Results of Operations, Fiscal Year 2019 

[Source: EPA] 

Balance Oct. 1, 2018 ...................................................................................................................................................................................... $192,000,000 

Receipts: 

Crude and petroleum .................................................................................................................................................................................. - 

Certain chemicals ........................................................................................................................................................................................ - 

Corporate environmental ............................................................................................................................................................................ - 

General fund appropriation ......................................................................................................................................................................... $1,084,000,000 

Cost recoveries ........................................................................................................................................................................................... $73,000,000 

Fines and penalties ..................................................................................................................................................................................... $3,000,000 

Interest on investments ............................................................................................................................................................................... $94,000,000 

Special Accounts ......................................................................................................................................................................................... $372,000,000 

Agency for Toxic Substance and Disease Registry.................................................................................................................................... - 

Total receipts ........................................................................................................................................................................................... $1,626,000,000 

Expenses: 

EPA expense .............................................................................................................................................................................................. $1,160,000,000 

Other expenses ........................................................................................................................................................................................... $435,000,000 

Rounding adjustment .................................................................................................................................................................................. -$2,000,000 

 Total expenses..................................................................................................................................................... 

Balance Sept. 30, 2019 ...................................................................................................................................................................................

$1,593,000,000 

$225,000,000 

1 Reporting in this Superfund Trust Fund table is consistent with previously reported 

presentations. However, the structure of this table may not accurately reflect the status of 

this Trust Fund. As a result, this table may be revised in future reports and other 

resources should be utilized for accurate Trust Fund reporting. 

2 In 2015, EPA implemented a Hazardous Substance Superfund Trust Fund Receipt 

Account for Special Accounts. Settlement funds received by the Agency may be placed in 

EPA interest bearing special accounts to perform response actions at the site in 

accordance with the supporting settlement agreement. These accounts are mandatory 

accounts and are included in the "Other Expenses" line. 
TRUST FUNDS 

March 2020 

94 

Hazardous Substance Superfund 

Expected Condition and Results of Operations, Fiscal Years 2020-2024 1, 2, 3

[In millions of dollars. Source: EPA] 

2020 2021 2022 2023 2024

Balance Oct. 1 ................................................................................................. $225 $114 $114 $115 $115

Receipts:

Interest ......................................................................................................... $75 $76 $77 $77 $79

Recoveries ................................................................................................... $84 $84 $84 $84 $84

Fines and penalties ...................................................................................... $2 $2 $2 $2 $2

Taxes .......................................................................................................... - --- -

Special Accounts ......................................................................................... $350 $350 $350 $350 $350

General revenues ........................................................................................ $960 $965 $965 $964 $964

Total receipts ........................................................................................... $1,471 $1,477 $1,478 $1,477 $1,479

Appropriations 2................................................................................................ $1,185 $1,079 $1,079 $1,079 $1,079

Other expenses 3 ............................................................................................. $397 $398 $398 $398 $398

Balance Sept. 30.............................................................................................. $114 $114 $115 $115 $117

1 Reporting in this Superfund Trust Fund table is consistent with previously reported 

presentations. However, the structure of this table may not accurately reflect the status of 

this Trust Fund. As a result, this table may be revised in future reports and other resources 

should be utilized for accurate Trust Fund reporting. 

2 FY 2022 - FY 2024 Appropriation amounts are straight-lined from FY 2021 President's 

Budget Request Level. 

3 Other Expenses include Special Accounts. 
TRUST FUNDS 

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95 

INTRODUCTION: Highway Trust Fund 

The Highway Trust Fund was established on the 

books of the Treasury in fiscal year 1957, according to 

provisions of the Highway Revenue Act of 1956 (Act of 

June 29, 1956, chapter 462, section 209). It has been 

amended and extended by various highway surface 

transportation and other acts since 1959. The FAST Act 

extends through September 30, 2020, the authority to make 

expenditures from the Highway Trust Fund for authorized 

purposes. After that date, expenditures from the Trust Fund 

are authorized only to liquidate obligations made before 

that date. Any other expenditure will cause the cessation of 

deposits of highway-user taxes to the Trust Fund. [FAST 

Act § 31101, 26 U.S.C. 9503]. 

Amounts equivalent to taxes on gasoline, diesel fuel, 

special motor fuels, certain tires, heavy trucks and trailers, 

and heavy vehicle use are designated by the Act to 

be appropriated and transferred from the general fund of 

the Treasury to Highway Account of the trust fund. These 

transfers are made twice monthly based on estimates by the 

Secretary of the Treasury, subject to later adjustments to 

reflect the amount of actual tax receipts. Amounts 

available in the fund exceeding outlay requirements are 

invested in non-interest-bearing public debt securities. 

The Highway Trust Fund’s Mass Transit Account is 

funded by a portion of the excise tax collections under 

sections 4041 and 4081 of the IRC (title 26 United 

States Code). The funds from this account are used for 

expenditures in accordance with chapter 53 of title 49 

United States Code, the Intermodal Surface 

Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 (Public Law 102-

240), the Transportation Equity Act for the 21st Century 

(TEA-21), SAFETEA-LU, Moving Ahead for Progress in the 

21st Century Act (MAP-21) and as amended by Fixing 

America’s Surface Transportation (FAST) Act. The 

remaining excise taxes are included in a separate account 

within the trust fund commonly referred to as the highway 

account. Expenditures from this account are made according 

to the provisions of various transportation acts. 

Amounts required for outlays to carry out the eligible 

surface transportation programs are made available to the 

responsible operating administrations within the Department 

of Transportation. Other charges to the trust fund are made 

by the Secretary of the Treasury for transfer of certain taxes 

to the Land and Water Conservation Fund and the Aquatic 

Resources Trust Fund. In addition, the Secretary of the 

Treasury is required by 26 U.S.C. 9503(d)(7) to report to 

specified Congressional Committees any estimate which he, 

in consultation with the Secretary of Transportation, makes 

pursuant to 26 U.S.C.9503(d)(1) or any determination 

which he makes pursuant to 26 U.S.C. 9503(d)(2). The 

congressional committees are the Committee on Ways and 

Means of the House of Representatives, the Committee on 

Finance of the Senate, the Committees on the Budget 

of both Houses, the Committee on Transportation and 

Infrastructure of the House of Representatives, and the 

Committee on Environment and Public Works of the Senate. 
TRUST FUNDS 

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96 

TABLE TF-6.—Highway Trust Fund 

Results of Operations, Fiscal Year 2019 

[Source: DOT] 

Description IRC section (26 United States Code) Amount 

Balance Oct. 1, 2018 ........................................................................................................................................................................................... 44,507,434,333 

Receipts: 

Excise taxes (transferred from general fund): 

Gasoline ....................................................................................................... 4081 .......................................................................... 26,450,616,196 

Diesel and special motor fuels ..................................................................... 4041 .......................................................................... 11,246,500,921 

Highway tires ................................................................................................ 4071 .......................................................................... 534,571,760 

Retail tax on trucks....................................................................................... 4051 .......................................................................... 5,329,674,245 

Heavy vehicle use ........................................................................................ 4481 .......................................................................... 1,285,164,153 

Total excise taxes .................................................................................................................................................................................... 44,846,527,275 

Less refunds and tax credits (reimbursed to general fund): 

Diesel fuel..................................................................................................................................................................................................... -

Gasoline ....................................................................................................................................................................................................... -

Total refunds and tax credits.................................................................................................................................................................... - 

Less transfers: 

To Land and Water Conservation Fund....................................................................................................................................................... 1,000,000 

To Aquatic Resources Trust Fund ............................................................................................................................................................... 438,754,000 

To Airport and Airway Trust Fund ................................................................................................................................................................ 832,628,838 

Total transfers .......................................................................................................................................................................................... 1,272,382,838 

Other income: 

Fines and penalties ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 97,614,321 

Interest ......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 849,426,189 

Transfer from the General Fund ................................................................................................................................................................. -

Total other income ................................................................................................................................................................................... 947,040,511 

Net receipts .......................................................................................................................................................................................... 44,521,184,948 

Expenses: 

Federal Highway Administration: 

Federal aid to highways ............................................................................................................................................................................... 44,166,588,456 

Right-of-way revolving fund ......................................................................................................................................................................... -

Appalachian Development Highway System ............................................................................................................................................... 87,963

Other ............................................................................................................................................................................................................ 8,854,270 

Total ......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 44,175,530,688 

Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration ............................................................................................................................................... 583,502,715 

Federal Transit Administration ..................................................................................................................................................................... 10,515,264,495 

National Highway Traffic Safety Administration: 

Operations and research ......................................................................................................................................................................... 143,919,862 

Highway traffic safety grants .................................................................................................................................................................... 701,711,613 

National driver register ............................................................................................................................................................................. -

Total ..................................................................................................................................................................................................... 845,631,475 

Federal Railroad Administration ...................................................................................................................................................................... - 

 Office of the Secretary of Transportation................................................................................................................................................. 2,744,946

Other agencies ............................................................................................................................................................................................. 31,748 

Total expenses ......................................................................................................................................................................................... 56,122,706,068 

Balance Sept. 30, 2019........................................................................................................................................................................................ 32,905,913,213 

Note.—Detail may not add to totals due to rounding. 
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97 

Highway Trust Fund 

Expected Condition and Results of Operations, Fiscal Years 2020-2024 

[In billions of dollars. Source: DOT] 

Combined Statement Highway and Mass Transit Accounts 

2020 2021 2022 2023 2024

Balance Oct. 1 ............................................................... 33 18 3 -13 -28

Receipts:

Excise taxes, net of refunds....................................... 43 43 43 43 43

Interest, net ................................................................ - - - - -

Total receipts ......................................................... 43 43 43 43 43

Adjustments 1 ......................................................... - - - - -

Outlays ........................................................................... 58 58 59 59 59

Balance Sept. 30............................................................ 18 3 -13 -28 -44

Mass Transit Account 

2020 2021 2022 2023 2024

Balance Oct. 1 .................................................................... 8 4 -1 -6 -11

Receipts:

Excise taxes, net of refunds............................................ 5 5 5 5 5

Interest, net ..................................................................... - - - - -

Total receipts .............................................................. 5 5 5 5 5

Flex fund transfers .......................................................... 1 1 1 1 1

Adjustments 1 .................................................................. - - - - -

Outlays ................................................................................ 11 11 11 11 12

Balance Sept. 30................................................................. 4 -1 -6 -11 -16

Highway Account 

2020 2021 2022 2023 2024

Balance Oct. 1 ......................................................................... 25 14 3 -7 -18

Receipts:

Excise taxes, net of refunds................................................. 38 38 38 38 38

Interest, net .......................................................................... - - - - -

Total receipts ................................................................... 38 38 38 38 38

Flex fund transfers ............................................................... -1 -1 -1 -1 -1

Adjustments 1 ....................................................................... - - - - -

Outlays ..................................................................................... 47 47 47 47 47

Balance Sept. 30...................................................................... 14 3 -7 -18 -28

Unfunded authorizations (EOY) ............................................... 73 85 96 107 119

Forty-eight-month revenue estimate........................................ 146 147 148 149 149

Assumes the revenues and spending levels prescribed in the Public Law 114-94 are extended. Note.—Numbers may not add due to rounding. 
TRUST FUNDS 

March 2020 

98 

TABLE TF-6A.—Highway Trust Fund 

The following information is released according to the 

provisions of the Byrd Amendment [codified at 26 United 

States Code 9503(d)] and represents data concerning the 

Highway Trust Fund. The figure described as “unfunded 

authorizations” is the latest estimate received from the DOT. 

The 48-month revenue estimates for the highway and 

mass transit accounts, respectively, include the latest 

estimates received from Treasury’s Office of Tax 

Analysis for excise taxes, net of refunds. They represent net 

highway receipts for those periods.

Highway Account 

[In billions of dollars. Source: DOT] 

Commitments (unobligated balances plus unpaid obligations, fiscal year 2021) .............................................................................................................. 88 

less: 

Cash balance (fiscal year 2021) ......................................................................................................................................................................................... 3 

Unfunded authorizations (fiscal year 2021) ........................................................................................................................................................................ 85

48-month revenue estimate (fiscal years 2022, 2023, 2024, and 2025)............................................................................................................................ 147

. 

Mass Transit Account 

[In billions of dollars. Source: DOT] 

Commitments (unobligated balances plus unpaid obligations, fiscal year 2021) .............................................................................................................. 31 

less: 

Cash balance (fiscal year 2021) ......................................................................................................................................................................................... -1

Unfunded authorizations (fiscal year 2021) ........................................................................................................................................................................ 32 

48-month revenue estimate (fiscal years 2022, 2023, 2024, and 2025)............................................................................................................................ 26 

Assumes the revenues and spending levels prescribed in the Public Law 114-94 are extended Note.—Numbers may not add due to rounding. 
TRUST FUNDS 

March 2020

99 

INTRODUCTION: Inland Waterways Trust Fund 

The Inland Waterways Trust Fund was established by the 

Treasury, pursuant to section 203 of the Inland Waterways 

Revenue Act of 1978 (Public Law 95-502) and continued 

pursuant to section 1405 of the Water Resources Development 

Act of 1986 (Public Law 99-662, codified at 26 United States 

Code 9506). Under 26 United States Code 9506(b), amounts 

from taxes on fuel used in commercial transportation on 

inland waterways, as determined by the Secretary of the 

Treasury, are appropriated to the trust fund. 

The Technical and Miscellaneous Revenue Act of 1988 

(Public Law 100-647, approved November 10, 1988) 

increased the tax each year, 1990 through 1995. The passage 

of the Achieving a Better Life Experience Act (Public Law 

113-295) in December 2014 increased the tax from 20 cents to 

29 cents per gallon effective April 1, 2015. These amounts are 

transferred quarterly from the general fund based on estimates 

made by the Secretary, subject to adjustments in later transfers 

to the amounts of actual tax receipts. 

The Secretary of the Treasury invests in interest-bearing 

obligations of the United States that portion of the trust fund, 

in his judgment, not required to meet current withdrawals. The 

interest on, and proceeds from, the sale or redemption of any 

obligation held in the trust fund is credited to the trust fund. 

The Inland Waterways Revenue Act of 1978 (Public Law 

95-502) provides that amounts in the trust fund shall be

available as provided, by appropriations acts, for construction

and rehabilitation expenditures for navigation on the inland

and intracoastal waterways of the United States described in

33 United States Code 1804. Expenditures must be otherwise

authorized by law.

Annual reports to Congress are required by 26 United 

States Code 9602(a) to be submitted by the Secretary of the 

Treasury. These reports are required to cover the financial 

condition and the results of operations of the fund during the 

past fiscal year and its expected condition and operations 

during the next five fiscal years. 

TABLE TF-7.—Inland Waterways Trust Fund 

Results of Operations, Fiscal Year 2019 

[Source: Department of the Army Corps of Engineers] 

Balance Oct. 1, 2018 ........................................................................................................................................................................................... $130,933,650

Receipts: 

Fuel taxes/revenues......................................................................................................................................................................................... 117,048,484

Interest on investments ................................................................................................................................................................................... 4,196,479

Gain on sale of investments ............................................................................................................................................................................ -

Total receipts................................................................................................................................................................................................ 121,244,963

Transfers: 

Corps of Engineers .......................................................................................................................................................................................... 183,217,537

Balance Sept. 30, 2019........................................................................................................................................................................................ $68,961,076

Inland Waterways Trust Fund 

Expected Condition and Results of Operations, Fiscal Years 2020-2024 * 

[In millions of dollars. Source: Department of the Army Corps of Engineers] 

2020 2021 2022 2023 2024

Balance Oct. 1 ....................................................................................................... 69 60 60 60 60

Receipts:

Fuel taxes.......................................................................................................... 118 118 119 119 120

Interest on investments .................................................................................... 4 4 4 4 4

Total receipts................................................................................................. 122 122 123 123 124

Transfers:

Corps of Engineers ........................................................................................... 131 122 123 123 124

Balance Sept. 30 .................................................................................................. 60 60 60 60 60

* Outyear projections are based on economic conditions and agencies’ best projections of 

revenues and expenditures. 
TRUST FUNDS 

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100

INTRODUCTION: Leaking Underground Storage Tank Trust Fund 

The Leaking Underground Storage Tank (LUST) Trust 

Fund was established in fiscal year 1981 according to 

provisions of the Comprehensive Environmental Response, 

Compensation and Liability Act of 1980 (Public Law 96-510, 

codified at 26 United States Code 9508), as amended by the 

Superfund Amendments and Re-authorization Act of 1986 

(Public Law 99-499, dated October 17, 1986), sections 13163I 

and 13242(d)(42) of the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act 

of 1993 (Public Law 103-66, dated August 10, 1993), section 

1033 of the Taxpayer Relief Act of 1997 (Public Law 105-34, 

dated August 5, 1997), section 1362 of the Energy Policy Act 

of 2005 (Public Law 109-058, dated August 8, 2005) section 

141 (c) of the Surface and Air Transportation Programs 

Extension Act of 2011 (Public Law 112-30, dated September 

11, 2011), sections 40101(c) and 40201 of the Moving Ahead 

for Progress in the 21st Century Act (Public Law 112-141, 

dated July 6, 2012), sections 2001(c), 2002(b) and 2002(c) of 

the Highway and Transportation Funding Act of 2014 (Public 

Law 113-159, dated August 8, 2014), and section 31203 of the 

Fixing America’s Surface Transportation (FAST) Act of 

2015 (Public Law 114-94, dated December 4, 2015). 

The LUST Trust Fund is financed by taxes collected on 

gasoline, diesel fuels, special motor fuels, aviation fuels and 

fuels used in commercial transportation on inland 

waterways. Amounts available in the LUST Trust Fund, 

exceeding current expenditure requirements, are invested by 

the Secretary of the Treasury in interest-bearing Government 

securities (e.g., Treasury bills). All interest earned is credited 

directly to the LUST Trust Fund. 

To carry out the LUST program, amounts are 

appropriated for the LUST Trust Fund to the EPA for 

programmatic and administrative expenses. 

An annual report to Congress by the Secretary of the 

Treasury is required by 26 United States Code 9602(a). 

These reports present the financial condition of the LUST 

Trust Fund and results of operations for the past fiscal year 

and its expected condition and operations during the next 

five fiscal years. 
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101

TABLE TF-8.—Leaking Underground Storage Tank Trust Fund 

Results of Operations, Fiscal Year 2019 1

[Source: EPA] 

Balance Oct. 1, 2018 ..................................................................................................................................................................................... $545,000,000 

Receipts: 

Taxes .......................................................................................................................................................................................................... $226,000,000 

Interest ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ $16,000,000 

Gross tax receipts .................................................................................................................................................................................. $242,000,000 

Undisbursed balances: 

Environmental Protection Agency Leaking Underground Storage Tank balances ................................................................................... -

Total undisbursed balances ................................................................................................................................................................... -

Expenses: 

Environmental Protection Agency Leaking Underground Storage Tank expenses .................................................................................. $93,000,000 

Other expenses .......................................................................................................................................................................................... - 

Total expenses ....................................................................................................................................................................................... $93,000,000 

Balance Sept. 30, 2019 .................................................................................................................................................................................. $694,000,000 

1 Reporting in this trust fund table is consistent with previously reported presentations. 

However, the structure of this table may not accurately reflect the status of this trust fund. 

As a result, this table may be revised in future reports and other resources should be 

utilized for accurate trust fund reporting. 

Leaking Underground Storage Tank Trust Fund 

Expected Condition and Results of Operations, Fiscal Years 2020-2024 1, 2

[In millions of dollars. Source: EPA] 

2020 2021 2022 2023 2024

Balance Oct. 1 ................................................................................................................. $694 $832 $1,015 $1,199 $1,381 

Receipts: 

Taxes 3 ........................................................................................................................ $214 $214 $215 $213 $213 

Interest 3 ...................................................................................................................... $16 $17 $17 $17 $17 

Total receipts ........................................................................................................... $230 $231 $232 $230 $230 

Appropriations ................................................................................................................. $92 $48 $48 $48 $48 

Other Expenses .............................................................................................................. - - - - - 

Balance Sept. 30 ............................................................................................................. $832 $1,015 $1,199 $1,381 $1,563 

1 Reporting in this Trust Fund table is consistent with previously reported presentations. 

However, the structure of this table may not accurately reflect the status of the Trust Fund. 

As a result, this table may be revised in future reports and other resources should be 

utilized for accurate trust fund reporting. 

2 FY 2022 - FY 2024 Appropriation amounts are straight-lined from FY 2020 President's 

Budget levels. 

3 Taxes and interest are estimated. 
TRUST FUNDS 

March 2020 

102

INTRODUCTION: Nuclear Waste Fund 

The Nuclear Waste Fund was established on the books of 

the Treasury in fiscal year 1983, according to section 302 of 

the Nuclear Waste Policy Act of 1982 [Public Law 97-425, 

codified at 42 United States Code 10222I]. Receipts 

represent fees collected from public utilities based on 

electricity generated by nuclear power reactors and spent 

nuclear fuel, and Interest on investment. Expenditures from 

the fund are for purposes of radioactive waste disposal 

activities. 

The NWPA requires the civilian owners and generators 

of nuclear waste to pay their share of the full cost of the 

NWF and, to that end, establishes a fee for electricity 

generated and sold by civilian nuclear power reactors which 

the Department must collect and annually assess to 

determine its adequacy. A one-time fee was recorded by the 

NWF as of April 7, 1983, related to the disposal of SNF 

generated prior to that date. Fees recognized by the NWF 

are based upon kilowatt (kWh) of electricity generated and 

sold by civilian nuclear reactors on and after April 7, 1983. 

The Department set the per kWh portion of the fee to zero in 

2014. 

Amounts available in the fund exceeding current needs 

may be invested by the Secretary of the Treasury in 

obligations of the United States (1) having maturities in 

tandem with the needs of the waste fund and (2) bearing 

interest at rates determined appropriate. The interest rates 

take into consideration the current average market yield on 

outstanding marketable obligations of the United States with 

remaining periods to maturity comparable to the maturities 

of such investments, except the interest rate on such 

investments shall not exceed the average interest rate 

applicable to existing borrowings. 

An annual report to Congress by the Secretary of the 

Treasury, after consultation with the Secretary of the 

Department of Energy (DOE), is required by 42 United 

States Code 10222(e)(1). This report must present the 

financial condition and the results of operations of the waste 

fund during the preceding fiscal year. 

TABLE TF-9.—Nuclear Waste Fund 

Results of Operations, Fiscal Year 2019 

[Source: DOE] 

Balance Oct. 1, 2018 ........................................................................................................................................................................................... $ 3,422,674 

Receipts: 

Fees Collected .................................................................................................................................................................................................

145,000,000 

Interest on investments .................................................................................................................................................................................... 1,526,652,115 

Total receipts ................................................................................................................................................................................................ 1,671,652,115 

Nonexpenditure transfers: 

SF-1151 transfers in (+) ................................................................................................................................................................................... - 

SF-1151 transfers out (-) .................................................................................................................................................................................. -3,600,000 

Net nonexpenditure transfers....................................................................................................................................................................... -3,600,000 

Outlays: 

DOE radioactive waste disposal activities ....................................................................................................................................................... 4,098,912 

Cost investments .............................................................................................................................................................................................. 1,665,452,936 

Total outlays ................................................................................................................................................................................................. 1,669,551,848 

Balance Sept. 30, 2019........................................................................................................................................................................................ $1,922,941 
TRUST FUNDS 

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103

CHARTS TF-A and B.—Major Trust Funds 

[Data depicted in these charts are derived from the Trust Fund tables, which are provided by various 

Government agencies. See tables TF-1, TF-3, TF-5, TF-6 and TF-9.] 
TRUST FUNDS 

March 2020 

104

INTRODUCTION: Reforestation Trust Fund 

The Reforestation Trust Fund was established on the 

books of the Treasury in fiscal year 1981 to continue 

through September 30, 1985, according to provisions of 

Title III—Reforestation, of the Recreational Boating Safety 

and Facilities Improvement Act of 1980 [Public Law 96-

451, codified at 16 United States Code 1606a(a)]. 

The act provides that the Secretary of the Treasury shall 

transfer to the trust fund tariffs, limited to not more than $30 

million for any fiscal year, received in the Treasury from 

October 1, 1979, through September 30, 1985, on (1) rough 

and primary wood products and wood waste; (2) lumber, 

flooring and moldings; and (3) wood veneers, plywood, 

other wood-veneer assemblies and building boards. Public 

Law 99-190, title II, 99 Statutes at Large 1245, extended the 

receipts for the trust fund. Amounts available in the 

reforestation trust fund exceeding current withdrawals are 

invested in interest-bearing obligations of the United States 

or in obligations guaranteed as to both principal and interest 

by the United States. The interest on, and the proceeds from 

the sale or redemption of, any obligations are credited to the 

trust fund. 

The Secretary of the Department of Agriculture is 

authorized to obligate available sums in the trust fund 

(including any amounts not obligated in previous years) for 

(1) reforestation and timber stand improvement and (2)

administrative costs of the Government for these activities.

Annual reports are required by 16 United States Code 

1606aI (1) to be submitted by the Secretary of the Treasury, 

after consultation with the Secretary of Agriculture, on the 

financial condition and the results of the operations of the 

trust fund during the past fiscal year and on its expected 

condition and operations during the next fiscal year. 

TABLE TF-10.—Reforestation Trust Fund 

Results of Operations, Fiscal Year 2019 

[Source: Department of Agriculture] 

Balance Oct. 1, 2018 1 ......................................................................................................................................................................................... $7,729,188 

Receipts: 

Excise taxes (tariffs) ......................................................................................................................................................................................... 30,000,000 

Redemption of investment ............................................................................................................................................................................... - 

Total receipts ................................................................................................................................................................................................ 30,000,000 

Expenses: 

Expenditure ...................................................................................................................................................................................................... 29,609,161 

Total expenses ............................................................................................................................................................................................. 29,609,161 

Adjustment ........................................................................................................................................................................................................... - 

Balance Sept. 30, 2019 ........................................................................................................................................................................................ $8,120,027 

1 Minor difference to beginning balance due to rounding. 

Reforestation Trust Fund 

Expected Condition and Results of Operations, Fiscal Year 2020 

[In thousands of dollars. Source: Department of Agriculture] 

Balance Oct. 1 ..................................................................................................................................................................................................... 8,120

Receipts: 

Excise taxes (tariffs) ........................................................................................................................................................................................ 30,000

Redemption of investment .............................................................................................................................................................................. -

Total receipts ............................................................................................................................................................................................... 30,000

Outlays ................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 29,800

Balance Sept. 30................................................................................................................................................................................................. 8,320 
TRUST FUNDS 

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105

INTRODUCTION: Sport Fish Restoration and Boating Trust Fund 

The Aquatic Resources Trust Fund (ARTF) was 

established on the books of the Treasury pursuant to the 

Deficit Reduction Act of 1984 [Public Law 98-369, division 

A, title X, section 1016(a), approved July 18, 1984]. The 

ARTF was restructured and renamed the Sport Fish 

Restoration and Boating Trust Fund by the Safe, 

Accountable, Flexible, Efficient Transportation Equity Act: 

A Legacy for Users or “SAFETEA-LU” [Public Law 109-

59, title XI, subtitle B, part 2, section 11115, approved 

August 10, 2005,] as amended by the Sportfishing and 

Recreational Boating Safety Amendments Act of 2005 

[Public Law 109-74, approved September 29, 2005]. 

Section 3 of the Dingell-Johnson Sport Fish Restoration 

Act, 16 United States Code 777, provides authorization of 

appropriations to the states to carry out the provisions of the 

act, and Section 4 provides the division of the remaining 

annual appropriation not authorized in Section 3. 

SAFETEA-LU comprehensively amended Section 3 and 

reauthorized the Sport Fish Restoration Program (for fiscal 

years 2006-2009) to permanently appropriate boating safety 

funds; to modify distribution of funds whereby all accounts 

receive a fixed percentage of the total fund annually; and to 

modify the excise tax on certain sport fishing equipment. 

From October 1, 2010, through June 30, 2012, the authority 

for SAFETEA-LU was extended via several public laws. In 

June 2012, Public Law 112-141, Moving Ahead for Progress 

in the 21st Century Act (MAP-21), established new authority 

for Section 4 through September 30, 2014. From October 1, 

2015, through November 20, 2015, the authority for MAP21 was extended via several public laws. On December 4, 

2015, Public Law 114-94, Fixing America's Surface 

Transportation (FAST) Act, Sec. 10001, amended Section 3 

and Section 4 to provide the division of appropriations for 

each of the Fiscal Years 2016 thru 2021. 

Effective October 1, 2005, motorboat fuel taxes (less $1 

million transferred to the Land and Water Conservation 

Fund) and small engine gasoline taxes [pursuant to the 

Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1990, Public Law 

101-508, title XI, sections 11211(i)(2) and (3)] were

transferred from the Highway Trust Fund to the Sport Fish

Restoration and Boating Trust Fund. In addition, amounts

equivalent to the excise taxes received on sport fishing

equipment and import duties on fishing tackle, yachts, and

pleasure craft are appropriated into the fund.

Amounts in the trust fund are used, as provided by 

appropriation acts, for the purposes of carrying out the 

Dingell-Johnson Sport Fish Restoration Act, approved 

August 9, 1950; Section 7404(d) of the Transportation 

Equity Act for the 21st Century; and the Coastal Wetlands 

Planning, Protection and Restoration Act (each as in effect 

on the date of enactment of the FAST Act). 

The general provisions of 26 United States Code 9602(b) 

are responsible for making amounts available in the fund 

exceeding outlay requirements to be invested in public debt 

securities with the interest credited to the fund. 

As required by 26 United States Code 9602(a), annual 

reports to Congress must be submitted by the Secretary of 

the Treasury. These reports will cover the financial condition 

and results of operations of the fund during the past fiscal 

year and those expected during the next five fiscal years. 
TRUST FUNDS 

March 2020 

106

TABLE TF-11.—Sport Fish Restoration and Boating Trust Fund 

Sport Fish Restoration Results of Operations, Fiscal Year 2019 

[Source: Department of the Interior] 

Balance Oct. 1, 2018 .............................................................................................................................................................................................. $1,950,097,461

Revenue: 

Tax revenue: 

Gas, motorboat .............................................................................................................................................................................................. 315,747,000.00

Fish equipment ............................................................................................................................................................................................... 105,251,517

Tackle boxes .................................................................................................................................................................................................. 1,923,066

Rods and poles .............................................................................................................................................................................................. 22,102,708

Electric outboard motors ................................................................................................................................................................................ 5,975,069

Customs/import duties ................................................................................................................................................................................... 62,585,622

Gas, motorboat small engines ....................................................................................................................................................................... 123,007,000

Total, tax revenue ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 636,591,982

Investment revenue: 

Interest on investments (accrual basis) ......................................................................................................................................................... 42,639,232

Loss on sale of securities ............................................................................................................................................................................... -

Total, investment revenue .......................................................................................................................................................................... 42,639,232

Total revenue ............................................................................................................................................................................................. 679,231,214

Nonexpenditure appropriations: 

Interior ............................................................................................................................................................................................................ -425,800,000

Interior (U.S. Coast Guard) ............................................................................................................................................................................ -116,101,711

Interior (Corps of Engineers) .......................................................................................................................................................................... -52,000,000

Total appropriations ................................................................................................................................................................................... -593,901,711

Balance Sept. 30, 2019 .......................................................................................................................................................................................... $2,035,426,965

Sport Fish Restoration and Boating Trust Fund 

Sport Fish Expected Condition and Results of Operations, Fiscal Years 2020-2024 

[In thousands of dollars. Source: Department of the Interior] 

2020 2021 2022 2023 2024

Balance Oct. 1 ..................................................................................... 2,035,426,965 2,035,421,410 2,035,427,476 2,035,432,564 2,035,439,704

Receipts/revenue:

Taxes ............................................................................................ 639,000 645,000 650,000 657,000 663,000

Interest .......................................................................................... 15,206 15,272 15,360 15,500 15,670

Transfers ....................................................................................... - - - - -

Total receipts ............................................................................ 654,206 660,272 665,360 672,500 678,670

Expenses:

Expenses/transfers ....................................................................... 659,761 654,206 660,272 665,360 672,500

Total expenses .......................................................................... 659,761 654,206 660,272 665,360 672,500

Balance Sept. 30............................................................................... 2,035,421,410 2,035,427,476 2,035,432,564 2,035,439,704 2,035,445,874
TRUST FUNDS 

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107

INTRODUCTION: Oil Spill Liability Trust Fund 

The Oil Spill Liability Trust Fund was established on the 

books of the Treasury by section 8033 of the Omnibus Budget 

Reconciliation Act of 1986 (Public Law 99-509). It was made 

effective on January 1, 1990, by section 7811(m)(3) of the 

Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1989 (Public Law 

101-239) and amended by section 9001of the Oil Pollution 

Act of 1990 (Public Law 101-380). The Energy Improvement 

and Extension Act of 2008 (Public Law 110-343) increased

the barrel tax on petroleum from five cents per barrel to eight 

cents from 2009 through 2016, and to nine cents in 2017. The 

act also repeals the requirement that the tax be suspended 

when the unobligated balance exceeds $2.7 billion. The barrel 

tax expired on December 31, 2018, but was reinstated by 

Congress starting January 1, 2020, and ending December 

31, 2020 at nine cents per barrel.

Amounts equivalent to the taxes received from the 

environmental tax on petroleum, but only to the extent of the 

Oil Spill Liability Trust Fund rate, are appropriated to the 

fund. 

Certain amounts were transferred from other funds and 

were appropriated to the Oil Spill Liability Trust Fund as 

provided by 26 United States Code 9509(b). Certain paid 

penalties and amounts recovered for damages are also 

appropriated to the fund. 

Amounts in the fund are available for oil spill cleanup 

costs and certain other related purposes as provided by 

appropriations acts or section 6002(b) of the Oil Pollution Act 

of 1990 (Public Law 101-380). 
TRUST FUNDS 

March 2020 

108

TABLE TF-12.—Oil Spill Liability Trust Fund 

Results of Operations, Fiscal Year 2019 

[Source: Bureau of the Fiscal Service, Funds Management Branch] 

Balance Oct. 1, 2018 1 ................................................................................................................................................................................................... $6,570,705,718 

Revenue: 

Drawback claims........................................................................................................................................................................................................ -35,112,791 

Return of Funds—DOT.............................................................................................................................................................................................. 125,051 

Return of Funds—USCG........................................................................................................................................................................................... 214,513 

Cost recoveries .......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 53,526,835 

Fines and penalties.................................................................................................................................................................................................... 76,722,046 

Excise taxes on crude oil/petroleum products ........................................................................................................................................................... 191,025,425 

Net revenue before interest ................................................................................................................................................................................... 286,501,079 

Investment income: 

Interest on investments.............................................................................................................................................................................................. 145,589,176 

Realized gain .............................................................................................................................................................................................................

Total investment income ........................................................................................................................................................................................ 145,589,176 

Total revenue ......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 432,090,255 

Expenditures: 

Treasury administrative expense—Fiscal Service .................................................................................................................................................... -165,000 

Nonexpenditure transfers: 

Transfer to Denali commission .................................................................................................................................................................................. -2,993,070 

Transfer to Interior...................................................................................................................................................................................................... -14,899,000 

Transfer to EPA.......................................................................................................................................................................................................... -18,209,000 

Transfer to PHMSA.................................................................................................................................................................................................... -23,288,000 

Transfer to U.S. Coast Guard-70X8312 (claims)....................................................................................................................................................... -7,525,617 

Transfer to U.S. Coast Guard-70X8349 (Emer Fund)............................................................................................................................................... -71,504,788 

Transfer to U.S. Coast Guard-annual (earmarked)................................................................................................................................................... -45,000,000 

Total nonexpenditure transfers .............................................................................................................................................................................. -183,419,475 

Total expenditure/nonexpenditure transfers .......................................................................................................................................................... -183,584,475 

Balance Sept. 30, 2019.................................................................................................................................................................................................. $6,819,211,498 

1 The Balances as of October 1, 2018, and September 30, 2019, tie to the published 

financial statements by Treasury/FMB and are posted at: 

http://www.federalinvestments.gov/govt/reports/ tfmp/oilspill/oilspill.htm. 

Oil Spill Liability Trust Fund 

Expected Condition and Results of Operations, Fiscal Years 2020-2024 

[In millions of dollars. Source: Department of Homeland Security] 

2020 2021 2022 2023 2024

Balance Oct. 1 ............................................................................................... 6,819 7,414 8,201 9,033 9,887

Estimated receipts ......................................................................................... 797 989 1,034 1,056 1,021

Estimated expenses ...................................................................................... 202 202 202 202 202

Balance Sept. 30............................................................................................ 7,414 8,201 9,033 9,887 10,706
TRUST FUNDS 

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109

INTRODUCTION: Vaccine Injury Compensation Trust Fund 

The Vaccine Injury Compensation Trust Fund was created 

on the books of the Treasury by Section 9202 of the Revenue 

Act of 1987 (Public Law 100-203, approved December 22, 

1987). Excise taxes on diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus, measles, 

mumps, rubella, polio, hepatitis B, haemophilus influenza type 

b, varicella, rotavirus, pneumococcal conjugate, hepatitis A, 

meningococcal, human papillomavirus, and seasonal influenza 

vaccines (26 United States Code 4131), are appropriated into 

the trust fund, which is the source of funds to pay 

compensation awards for a vaccine-related injury or death 

occurring after October 1, 1988, as well as program 

administrative expenses. 

Annual reports to Congress, required by 26 United States 

Code 9602(a), are submitted by the Secretary of the 

Treasury. These reports are required to cover the financial 

condition and results of operations of the fund during the past 

fiscal year and those expected during the next five fiscal 

years. 

TABLE TF-13.—Vaccine Injury Compensation Trust Fund 

Results of Operations, Fiscal Year 2019 

[Source: Department of the Treasury] 

Balance Oct. 1, 2018 ........................................................................................................................................................................................... $3,857,743,855 

Receipts: 

Excise tax ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ $280,050,142

Interest on investments.................................................................................................................................................................................... $80,801,354 

Refund of Prior Year Authority $9,305,200 

Total receipts ............................................................................................................................................................................................... $370,156,696 

Expenditure appropriations: 

U.S. Court of Federal Claims expenses.......................................................................................................................................................... $7,751,280

U.S. Department of Justice expenses............................................................................................................................................................. $15,721,614 

Subtotal outlays........................................................................................................................................................................................... $23,472,894 

Nonexpenditure transfers: 

Transfer to HRSA ............................................................................................................................................................................................ $251,959,685 

Total outlays/transfers ................................................................................................................................................................................. $275,432,579 

Balance Sept. 30, 2019 1 ..................................................................................................................................................................................... $3,952,467,972 

1 Balance for September 30, 2019: Balance does not tie to the 3310 ending balance in the 

September 30, 2018 published financial statement. The equity balance is not affected 

throughout the entire fiscal year but changes after adjusting/closing entries are made at the 

beginning of the following fiscal year. The balance shown here for September 30, 2019 reflects 

the net activity for FY 2019 and adjusting/closing entries made in October 2019. 

Vaccine Injury Compensation Trust Fund 

Expected Condition and Results of Operations, Fiscal Years 2020-2024 

[In thousands of dollars. Source: Department of Health and Human Services] 

2020 2021 2022 2023 2024

Balance Oct. 1 ...................................................................................................... $3,952,468 $4,041,154 $4,133,204 $4,228,720 $4,327,806

Receipts (from tax) ............................................................................................... $288,452 $297,105 $306,018 $315,199 $324,655

Interest on investments..................................................................................... $83,225 $85,722 $88,294 $90,943 $93,671

Total receipts ................................................................................................ $371,677 $382,827 $394,312 $406,142 $418,326

Outlays: 

U.S. Court of Federal Claims expenses ........................................................... $7,751 $7,751 $7,751 $7,751 $7,751

U.S. Department of Justice expenses .............................................................. $15,722 $15,722 $15,722 $15,722 $15,722

Subtotal outlays ................................................................................................ $23,473 $23,473 $23,473 $23,473 $23,473

Nonexpenditure transfers: 

HRSA ................................................................................................................ $259,518 $267,304 $275,323 $283,583 $292,090

Total outlays/transfers .................................................................................. $282,991 $290,777 $298,796 $307,056 $315,563

Balance Sept. 30................................................................................................... $4,041,154 $4,133,204 $4,228,720 $4,327,806 $4,430,569
TRUST FUNDS 

March 2020 

110

INTRODUCTION: Wool Research, Development, 

and Promotion Trust Fund 

The Wool Research, Development, and Promotion Trust 

Fund was established in fiscal year 2000 with a sunset 

provision effective January 1, 2004, according to provisions 

of the Trade and Development Act of 2000 (Public Law 

106-200, signed May 18, 2000). The Trade Act of 2002

(Public Law 107-210, signed August 6, 2002) extended the

sunset provision to January 1, 2006. The Miscellaneous

Trade and Technical Corrections Act of 2004 (Public Law

108-429, signed December 3, 2004) extended the sunset

provision to 2008. The Pension Protection Act of 2006

(Public Law 109-280, signed August 17, 2006) extended the

sunset provision to 2010. The Emergency Economic

Stabilization Act of 2008 (Public Law 110-343, signed

October 3, 2008) extended the sunset provision to 2015. The

Agriculture Act of 2014 (Public Law 113-79, signed

February 7, 2014) extended the sunset provision to 2019.

Title XII, Section 12604 of the Agriculture Improvement

Act of 2018, (Public Law 115-334, signed December 20,

2018) extended the sunset provision through calendar year

2023.

The Act provides that the Secretary of the Treasury shall 

transfer to the trust fund out of the general fund of the U.S. 

Treasury amounts determined to be equivalent to the duty 

received on articles under chapters 51 and 52 of the 

Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States. The 

amount to be transferred is limited to $2,250,000 in any 

fiscal year and may be invested in U.S. Treasury securities. 

The Secretary of Agriculture is authorized to provide grants 

to a nationally recognized council established for the 

development of the United States wool market for the 

following purposes: 

 Assist United States wool producers in improving

the quality of wool and wool production methods for wool 

produced in the United States. 

 Disseminate information on improvements to United

States wool producers. 

 Assist United States wool producers in developing

and promoting the wool market. 

Annual reports to Congress are required on the financial 

condition and the results of the operations of the trust fund 

during the past fiscal year and on its expected condition and 

operations during the next fiscal year. 
TRUST FUNDS 

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111

TABLE TF-14.—Wool Research, Development, and Promotion Trust Fund 

Results of Operations, Fiscal Year 2019 

[In thousands of dollars. Source: Department of Agriculture] 

Balance Oct. 1, 2018 ................................................................................................................................................................................................ 0 

Receipts: 

Harmonized tariff ................................................................................................................................................................................................... 2,250 

Sequestration return fiscal year 2017 ................................................................................................................................................................... 149 

Sequestration ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ -140 

Total receipts ..................................................................................................................................................................................................... 2,259 

Expenses: 

Expenditure ........................................................................................................................................................................................................... 2,110 

Total expenses .................................................................................................................................................................................................. 2,110 

Balance Sept. 30, 2019............................................................................................................................................................................................ 149 

Wool Research, Development, and Promotion Trust Fund 

Expected Condition and Results of Operations, Fiscal Year 2020 

[In thousands of dollars. Source: Department of Agriculture] 

Balance Oct. 1, 2019 ................................................................................................................................................................................................ 149 

Receipts: 

Harmonized tariff ................................................................................................................................................................................................... 2,250 

Sequestration return fiscal year 18 ....................................................................................................................................................................... 140 

Sequestration ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ -133 

Total receipts ..................................................................................................................................................................................................... 2,257 

Expenses: 

Expenditure ........................................................................................................................................................................................................... 2,257 

Total expenses .................................................................................................................................................................................................. 2,257 

Balance Sept. 30...................................................................................................................................................................................................... - 
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112

INTRODUCTION: Agriculture Disaster Relief Trust Fund 

The Food, Conservation, and Energy Act of 2008, P.L. 

110-246, authorized the implementation of the Supplemental

Agricultural Disaster Assistance Program under Sections

12033 and 15001. The Taxpayer Relief Act of 2012

provided authority for discretionary funds to be used to

execute several of the disaster programs for fiscal year 2013,

but no funds were appropriated. Using funds from the

Agricultural Disaster Relief Trust Fund, established under

section 902 of the Trade Act of 1974, the program is

administered by the USDA Farm Service Agency (FSA).

Funds from the Agricultural Disaster Relief Trust Fund 

were used to make payments to farmers and ranchers under 

the following five disaster assistance programs: 

Supplemental Revenue Assistance Payments (SURE) 

Program; Livestock Forage Disaster Program (LFP); 

Livestock Indemnity Program (LIP); Tree Assistance 

Program (TAP); and Emergency Assistance for Livestock, 

Honey Bees, and Farm-Raised Fish (ELAP) Program. 

Fiscal Year 2019 obligations, including adjustments to 

prior year obligations, totaled $599,876. Total net outlays 

were $571,317 including outlays from prior year obligations, 

as shown in the table below. In 2019, the amount of customs 

receipts credited to the Agricultural Disaster Relief Trust 

Fund receipt account totaled $28,381. The outlays reported 

in fiscal year 2019 are due to residual payments, corrections, 

and/or appeals to obligations incurred for crop years 2008 – 

2011. 

The Agriculture Act of 2014 shifted the funding 

authority for disaster programs from the Agricultural 

Disaster Relief Trust Fund to USDA’s Commodity Credit 

Corporation. 

TABLE TF-15.—Agriculture Disaster Relief Trust Fund 

Results of Operations, Fiscal Year 2019 

[In thousands of dollars. Source: Department of Agriculture] 

Cumulative debt, start of year 2019 ......................................................................................................................................................................... $2,610,132 

Borrowing authority ............................................................................................................................................................................................. - 

Repayment of debt ............................................................................................................................................................................................... -641 

Cumulative debt, end of year ................................................................................................................................................................................... 2,609,971 

Budgetary resources: 

Borrowing Authority ............................................................................................................................................................................................. - 

Mandatory appropriation...................................................................................................................................................................................... 28 

Other offsetting collections .................................................................................................................................................................................. - 

Total budgetary resources .............................................................................................................................................................................. 15,151 

Obligated balance, Oct. 1, 2018 .............................................................................................................................................................................. 20 

Fiscal Year 2019 obligations .................................................................................................................................................................................... 600 

Outlays: 

Supplemental Revenue Assistance Payments Program..................................................................................................................................... 515 

Livestock Forage Disaster Program .................................................................................................................................................................... 59 

Livestock Indemnity Program............................................................................................................................................................................... -3 

Tree Assistance Program .................................................................................................................................................................................... - 

Emergency Assistance of Livestock, Honey Bees, and Farm-Raised Fish Program ......................................................................................... - 

Total outlays ..................................................................................................................................................................................................... 571 

Recoveries of Prior Year Obligations 3 

Obligated balance, Sept. 30, 2019 ........................................................................................................................................................................... $46

. 
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Agriculture Disaster Relief Trust Fund Trust Fund 

Expected Condition and Results of Operations, Fiscal Years 2020-2024 

[In thousands of dollars. Source: Department of Agriculture ] 

2020 2021 2022 2023 2024

Cumulative debt, start of year ............................................................................. 2,609,971 2,609,471 2,609,471 2,609,471 2,609,471

Borrowing authority ......................................................................................... - - - - -

Repayment of debt 1 ....................................................................................... -500 -500 - - -

Cumulative debt, end of year .............................................................................. 2,609,471 2,608,971 2,609,471 2,609,471 2,609,471

Budgetary Resources: 

Borrowing authority ........................................................................................ - - -- -

Mandatory appropriations ............................................................................... 28

Other offsetting collections .............................................................................

Total budgetary resources .......................................................................... 28 - - - -

Obligated balance, Oct. 1 ................................................................................... 46 - - - -

New obligations ................................................................................................... - - -- -

Recoveries of prior year obligations - - - - -

Outlays: 

Supplemental revenue assistance payments program ................................. 46 - - - -

Total outlays ................................................................................................ 46 - - - -

Obligated balance, Sept. 30 .......................................................................... - - -- -

1 Requires congressional authority to write off debt or appropriations action to repay debt. Note.—Detail may not add to totals due to rounding. 
TRUST FUNDS 

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114

INTRODUCTION: Patient Centered Outcomes Research Trust Fund 

The Patient Centered Outcomes Research Trust Fund 

(PCORTF) was created on the books of the Treasury by 

section 9511 of the Internal Revenue Act of 1986 (Public 

Law 111-148, 124 STAT 742, approved March 23, 2010). 

General fund appropriations, transfers from the Federal 

Hospital Insurance Trust Fund and the Federal 

Supplementary Medical Insurance Trust Fund, and Fees 

related to health insurance and self-insurance plans are 

appropriated into the trust fund until fiscal year 2029. These 

appropriations are the source of funds for the established 

nonprofit corporation known as the “Patient-Centered 

Outcomes Research Institute” which is neither an agency nor 

establishment of the United States Government.

For fiscal year 2010, and each subsequent fiscal year to 

2029, amounts in the PCORTF are available without further 

appropriation, to the Institute to carry out clinical 

effectiveness research. The purpose of the Institute is to 

assist patients, clinicians, purchasers, and policy makers in 

making informed health decisions by advancing the quality 

and relevance of evidence concerning the manner in which 

diseases, disorders, and other health conditions can 

effectively, and appropriately be prevented, diagnosed, 

treated, monitored, and managed through research and 

evidence synthesis that considers variations in patient 

subpopulations, and the dissemination of research findings 

with respect to the relative health outcomes, clinical 

effectiveness, and appropriateness of the medical treatments, 

and services.

Twenty percent of the amounts appropriated or credited 

to the PCORTF shall be transferred for each of the fiscal 

years 2011 through 2029 to the Secretary of Health and 

Human Services to carry out section 937 of the Public 

Health Services Act. Of the amounts transferred, with 

respect to a fiscal year, the Secretary of Health and Human 

Services shall distribute:

 80 percent to the Office of Communication and

Knowledge Transfer of the Agency for Healthcare Research 

and Quality to carry out activities described in section 937 of 

the Public Health Services Act, and

 20 percent to the Secretary to carry out the activities

described in section 937.

No amounts shall be available for expenditure from the 

PCORTF after September 30, 2029, and any amounts 

remaining in the trust fund after such date shall be 

transferred to the general fund of the Treasury.

Annual reports to Congress, required by 26 United States 

Code 9602(a), are submitted by the Secretary of the 

Treasury. These reports are required to cover the financial 

condition and results of operations of the fund during the 

past fiscal year and those expected during the next 5 fiscal 

years. 

TABLE TF-16.—Patient Centered Outcomes Research Trust Fund 

Results of Operations, Fiscal Year 2019 

[Source: Bureau of the Fiscal Service] 

Balance Oct. 1, 2018 ............................................................................................................................................................................................... $40,641,727 

Receipts: 

General Fund Appropriation................................................................................................................................................................................. 150,000,000 

Transfers from FHI and FSMI .............................................................................................................................................................................. 145,558,000 

IRS Health Insurance Fees.................................................................................................................................................................................. 431,110,769 

Interest on Investments........................................................................................................................................................................................ 1,260,307 

Total receipts.................................................................................................................................................................................................... 727,929,075 

Expenditure appropriations: 

Transfers to PCORI.............................................................................................................................................................................................. -578,527,341 

Transfers to HHS ................................................................................................................................................................................................. -144,911,564 

Total outlays..................................................................................................................................................................................................... -723,438,905 

Balance Sept. 30, 2019 1 ......................................................................................................................................................................................... $45,131,897 

1 Balance September 30, 2019: Balance does not tie to the 3310 ending balance in the 

September 30, 2019, published financial statement. The equity balance is not affected 

throughout the entire fiscal year but changes after adjusting/closing entries are made at the 

beginning of the following fiscal year. The balance shown here for September 30, 2019, 

reflects the net activity for FY 2019 and adjusting/closing entries made in October 2019. 
TRUST FUNDS 

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115

Patient Centered Outcomes Research Trust Fund 

Expected Condition and Results of Operations, Fiscal Years 2020-2023 

[In thousands of dollars. Source: Bureau of the Fiscal Service] 

2020 2021 2022 2023

Balance Oct. 1 ........................................................................................................... 45,132 - - -

Receipts: 

General Fund Appropriation ................................................................................... 275,500 285,000 293,500 311,500

Transfers from FHI and FSMI ................................................................................. - - --

IRS Health Insurance Fees ..................................................................................... 354,000 371,000 388,000 409,000

Interest on Investments .......................................................................................... 1,513 - - -

Total receipts ..................................................................................................... 631,013 656,000 681,500 720,500

Expenditure appropriations: 

Transfers to PCORI ............................................................................................... -540,670 -524,800 -545,200 -576,400

Transfers to HHS ................................................................................................... -135,475 -131,200 -136,300 -144,100

Total outlays ....................................................................................................... -676,145 -656,600 -681,500 -720,500

Balance Sept. 30.................................................................................................... - - - -
TRUST FUNDS 

March 2020 

116

INTRODUCTION: United States Victims of State Sponsored Terrorism Fund

The Justice for United States Victims of State Sponsored 

Terrorism Act, 34 U.S.C. § 20144, formerly codified at 42 

U.S.C. § 0609 (2015) (the “Act”), established the U.S. 

Victims of State Sponsored Terrorism Fund (the “Fund”). 

The Act provides for the establishment and administration of 

the Fund to provide compensation to certain U.S. persons 

who were injured in acts of state sponsored terrorism. In 

general, the Fund awards compensation to those victims of 

international state sponsored terrorism who (1) have secured 

final judgments in a United States district court against a 

state sponsor of terrorism under the Foreign Sovereign 

Immunities Act, or (2) were held hostage at the United 

States Embassy in Tehran, Iran from 1979 to 1981 (and their 

spouses and children). 

The Act established the Fund and established funding for 

it, including a single appropriation of $1.025 billion for the 

Fund in fiscal year 2017. 34 U.S.C. § 20144(e)(5). Further, 

amounts in the Fund shall be available, without further 

appropriation, for the payment of eligible claims and 

compensation of the Special Master in accordance with the 

Act and that the Fund shall be managed and invested in the 

same manner as a trust fund under section 9602 of the 

Internal Revenue Code of 1986. 34 U.S.C. §§ 20144(e)(3) & 

(e)(4). 

In addition, the Act mandates that certain penalties and 

fines, including forfeiture proceeds, be deposited into the 

Fund if “forfeited or paid to the United States after the date 

of [the Act’s] enactment.” 34 U.S.C. § 20144(e)(2). The Act 

provides that the following shall be deposited or transferred 

into the Fund: (1) All funds, and the net proceeds from the 

sale of property, forfeited or paid to the United States after 

the date of enactment of this Act as a criminal penalty or 

fine arising from a violation of any license, order, regulation, 

or prohibition issued under the International Emergency 

Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.) or the 

Trading with the Enemy Act (50 U.S.C. App. 1 et seq.), or 

any related criminal conspiracy, scheme, or other Federal 

offense arising from the actions of, or doing business with or 

acting on behalf of, a state sponsor of terrorism. (2) One-half 

of all funds, and one-half of the net proceeds from the sale of 

property, forfeited or paid to the United States after the date 

of enactment of this Act as a civil penalty or fine arising 

from a violation of any license, order, regulation, or 

prohibition issued under the International Emergency 

Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C.1701 et seq.) or the 

Trading with the Enemy Act (50 U.S.C. App. 1 et seq.), or 

any related conspiracy, scheme, or other Federal offense 

arising from the actions of, or doing business with or acting 

on behalf of, a state sponsor of terrorism. (3) Except as 

provided in sub-clause (II), if the United States receives a 

final judgment forfeiting the properties and related assets 

identified in the proceedings captioned as In Re 650 Fifth 

Avenue & Related Properties, No. 08 Civ. 10934 (S.D.N.Y. 

filed Dec. 17, 2008), the net proceeds (not including the 

litigation expenses and sales costs incurred by the United 

States) resulting from the sale of such properties and related 

assets by the United States shall be deposited into the Fund. 

34 U.S.C. § 20144(e)(2)(A). 

The Act further provides that the Fund will make its last 

obligations no later than January 2, 2030. 34 U.S.C. § 

20144(e)(6)(A). Thus, the Fund may continue to accumulate 

funds over its ten-year life. 

Effective on the day after all amounts authorized to be 

paid from the Fund under [the Act] that were obligated 

before January 2, 2030 are expended, any unobligated 

balances in the Fund shall be transferred, as appropriate, to 

either the Department of the Treasury Forfeiture Fund 

established under section 9705 of title 31, United States 

Code, or to the Department of Justice Assets Forfeiture 

Fund, established under section 524(c)(1) of title 28, United 

States Code. 34 U.S.C. § 20144(e)(6)(B). 

Annual reports to Congress, required by 26 United States 

Code 9602(a), are submitted by the Secretary of the 

Treasury. These reports are required to cover the financial 

condition and results of operations of the fund during the 

past fiscal year and those expected during the next five fiscal 

years. 
TRUST FUNDS 

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117

TABLE TF-17.—United States Victims of State Sponsored Terrorism Fund 

Results of Operations, Fiscal Year 2019 

[Source: Department of Justice] 

Balance Oct. 1, 2018 ................................................................................................................................................................................................ $1,162,795,621.10 

Receipts: 

Appropriation ......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 0.00 

Fines/Penalties ...................................................................................................................................................................................................... 616,854.05 

Forfeitures ............................................................................................................................................................................................................. 268,989,061.99 

Interest on investments ......................................................................................................................................................................................... 805,235,827.59 

Total receipts ..................................................................................................................................................................................................... 15,026,859.81 

Outlays: 1,089,868,603.44 

Salaries & Expenses ............................................................................................................................................................................................. 586,324.63 

Victim Payments ................................................................................................................................................................................................... 1,074,265,636.27 

Total expenses .................................................................................................................................................................................................. 1,074,851,960.90 

Balance Sept. 30, 2019............................................................................................................................................................................................ $1,177,812,263.64 

United States Victims of State Sponsored Terrorism Fund 

Expected Condition and Results of Operations, Fiscal Years 2020-2024 

[In thousands of dollars. Source: Department of Justice] 

2020 2021 2022 2023 2024

Balance Oct. 1...................................................................................................... 1,177,812 43,917 75,414 107,138 139,091

Receipts: 

Appropriation.................................................................................................... - - - - -

Fines/Penalties................................................................................................. 8,934 34,216 34,216 34,216 34,216

Forfeitures ........................................................................................................ - - - - -

Interest on investments.................................................................................... 18,041 781 1,096 1,414 1,450

Total receipts................................................................................................ 26,975 34,997 35,312 35,630 35,666

Outlays: 

DOJ, Salaries & Expenses............................................................................... 4,995 3,500 3,588 3,677 3,769

Victim Payments .............................................................................................. 1,155,876 - - - -

Total Outlays net of Investments Redeemed .................................................. 1,160,871 3,500 3,588 3,677 3,769

Balance Sept. 30.................................................................................................. 43,917 75,414 107,138 139,091 170,988
118 

Glossary 

With References to Applicable Sections and Tables 

Source: Bureau of the Fiscal Service 

Amounts outstanding and in circulation (USCC)—Includes 

all issues by the Bureau of the Mint purposely intended as a 

medium of exchange. Coins sold by the Bureau of the Mint at 

premium prices are excluded; however, uncirculated coin sets 

sold at face value plus handling charge are included. 

Average discount rate (PDO-1, -2)—In Treasury bill auctions, 

purchasers tender competitive bids on a discount rate basis. 

The average discount rate is the weighted, or adjusted, 

average of all bids accepted in the auction. 

Budget authority (“Federal Fiscal Operations”)—Congress 

passes laws giving budget authority to Government entities, 

which gives the agencies the power to spend Federal funds. 

Congress can stipulate various criteria for the spending of 

these funds. For example, Congress can stipulate that a given 

agency must spend within a specific year, number of years, or 

any time in the future.

The basic forms of budget authority are appropriations, 

authority to borrow, contract authority, and authority to

obligate and expend offsetting receipts and collections. The 

period of time during which Congress makes funds available 

may be specified as 1-year, multiple-year, or no-year. The 

available amount may be classified as either definite or 

indefinite; a specific amount or an unspecified amount can 

be made available. Authority also may be classified as 

current or permanent. Permanent authority requires no 

current action by Congress. 

Budget deficit—The total, cumulative amount by which

budget outlays (spending) exceed budget receipts (income). 

Cash management bills (PDO-1)—Marketable Treasury 

bills of irregular maturity lengths, sold periodically to fund 

short-term cash needs of Treasury. Their sale, having higher 

minimum and multiple purchase requirements than those of 

other issues, is generally restricted to competitive bidders. 

Competitive tenders (“Treasury Financing Operations”)—

A bid to purchase a stated amount of one issue of Treasury 

securities at a specified yield or discount. The bid is accepted 

if it is within the range accepted in the auction. (See 

Noncompetitive tenders.) 

Currency no longer issued (USCC)—Old and new series 

gold and silver certificates, Federal Reserve notes, national 

bank notes, and 1890 Series Treasury notes. 

Debt outstanding subject to limitation (FD-6)—The debt 

incurred by the Treasury subject to the statutory limit set by 

Congress. Until World War I, a specific amount of debt was 

authorized to each separate security issue. Beginning with the 

March 2020

Second Liberty Loan Act of 1917, the nature of the limitation 

was modified until, in 1941, it developed into an overall limit

on the outstanding Federal debt. 

Pursuant to 31 U.S.C. 3101(b). By the Continuing 

Appropriations Act, 2018 and Bipartisan Budget Act, 2018, 

Public Law 115-119, the Statutory Debt Limit was suspended 

through March 1, 2019. 

Discount—The interest deducted in advance when purchasing 

notes or bonds. (See Accrued discount.) 

Discount rate (PDO-1)—The difference between par value 

and the actual purchase price paid, annualized over a 360-day 

year. Because this rate is less than the actual yield (couponequivalent rate), the yield should be used in any comparison 

with coupon issue securities. 

Dollar coins (USCC)—Include standard silver and nonsilver 

coins. 

Domestic series (FD-2)—Nonmarketable, interest- and noninterest-bearing securities issued periodically by Treasury to 

the Resolution Funding Corporation (RFC) for investment of 

funds authorized under section 21B of the Federal Home Loan 

Bank Act (12 United States Code 1441b). 

Federal intrafund transactions (“Federal Fiscal Operations”)—Intrabudgetary transactions in which payments and 

receipts both occur within the same Federal fund group 

(Federal funds or trust funds). 

Federal Reserve notes (USCC)—Issues by the U.S. 

Government to the public through the Federal Reserve banks 

and their member banks. They represent money owed by the 

Government to the public. Currently, the item “Federal 

Reserve notes—amounts outstanding” consists of new series 

issues. The Federal Reserve note is the only class of currency 

currently issued. 

Foreign-targeted issue (PDO-2)—Foreign-targeted issues 

were notes sold between October 1984 and February 1986 to 

foreign institutions, foreign branches of U.S. institutions, 

foreign central banks or monetary authorities, or to 

international organizations in which the United States held 

membership. Sold as companion issues, they could be 

converted to domestic (normal) Treasury notes with the same 

maturity and interest rates. Interest was paid annually. 

Government account series (FD-2)—Certain trust fund 

statutes require the Secretary of the Treasury to apply monies 

held by these funds toward the issuance of nonmarketable 

special securities. These securities are sold directly by 
GLOSSARY 

March 2020

119

Treasury to a specific Government agency, trust fund, or 

account. Their rate is based on an average of market yields on 

outstanding Treasury obligations, and they may be redeemed 

at the option of the holder. Roughly 80 percent of these are 

issued to five holders: the Federal Old-Age and Survivors 

Insurance Trust Fund; the civil service retirement and 

disability fund; the Federal Hospital Insurance Trust Fund; the

military retirement fund; and the Unemployment Trust Fund. 

Interfund transactions (“Federal Fiscal Operations”)—

Transactions in which payments are made from one fund 

group (either Federal funds or trust funds) to a receipt account 

in another group. 

International Monetary Fund transactions (“Exchange 

Stabilization Fund”, ESF-1)—(IMF) Established by the 

United Nations, the IMF promotes international trade, stability

of exchange, and monetary cooperation. Members are allowed 

to draw from the fund. 

Intrabudgetary transactions (“Federal Fiscal Operations”)—

These occur when payment and receipt both occur within the 

budget, or when payment is made from off-budget Federal 

entities whose budget authority and outlays are excluded from 

the budget totals. 

Noncompetitive tenders (“Treasury Financing Operations”)—This is a tender or bid to purchase a stated par 

amount of securities at the highest yield or discount rate 

awarded to competitive bidders for a single-price auction. 

Obligations (“Federal Fiscal Operations”)—An unpaid 

commitment to acquire goods or services. 

Off-budget Federal entities (“Federal Fiscal Operations”)—

Federally owned and controlled entities whose transactions are 

excluded from the budget totals under provisions of law. Their 

receipts, outlays, and surplus or deficit are not included in 

budget receipts, outlays, or deficits. Their budget authority is 

not included in totals of the budget. 

Outlays (“Federal Fiscal Operations”)—Payments on 

obligations in the form of cash, checks, the issuance of bonds 

or notes, or the maturing of interest coupons. 

Par value—The face value of bonds or notes, including 

interest. 

Quarterly financing (“Treasury Financing Operations”)—

Treasury has historically offered packages of several 

“coupon” security issues on the 15th of February, May, 

August, and November, or on the next working day. These 

issues currently consist of a 3-year note, a 10-year note, and a 

30-year bond. Treasury sometimes offers additional amounts

of outstanding long-term notes or bonds, rather than selling

new security issues. (See Reopening.)

Fractional coins (USCC)—Coins minted in denominations 

of 50, 25, and 10 cents, and minor coins (5 cents and 1 cent). 

Receipts (“Federal Fiscal Operations”)—Funds collected 

from selling land, capital, or services, as well as collections

from the public (budget receipts), such as taxes, fines, duties, 

and fees. 

Reopening (PDO-2)—The offer for sale of additional 

amounts of outstanding issues, rather than an entirely new 

issue. A reopened issue will always have the same maturity 

date, CUSIP-number, and interest rate as the original issue. 

Special drawing rights (“Exchange Stabilization Fund,” 

ESF-1)—International assets created by IMF that serve to 

increase international liquidity and provide additional 

international reserves. SDRs may be purchased and sold 

among eligible holders through IMF. (See IMF.) 

SDR allocations are the counterpart to SDRs issued by 

IMF based on members’ quotas in IMF. Although shown in 

Exchange Stabilization Fund (ESF) statements as liabilities, 

they must be redeemed by ESF only in the event of 

liquidation of, or U.S. withdrawal from, the SDR department 

of IMF or cancellation of SDRs. 

SDR certificates are issued to the Federal Reserve 

System against SDRs when SDRs are legalized as money. 

Proceeds of monetization are deposited into an ESF account 

at the Federal Reserve Bank of New York. 

Spot (“Foreign Currency Positions”)—Due for receipt or 

delivery within 2 workdays. 

State and local government series (SLGS) (FD-2)—Special 

nonmarketable certificates, notes, and bonds offered to State 

and local governments as a means to invest proceeds from 

their own tax-exempt financing. Interest rates and maturities 

comply with IRS arbitrage provisions. SLGS are offered in 

both time deposit and demand deposit forms. Time deposit 

certificates have maturities of up to 1 year. Notes mature in 1

to 10 years and bonds mature in more than 10 years. Demand 

deposit securities are 1-day certificates rolled over with a rate 

adjustment daily. 

Statutory debt limit (FD-6)—By Act of Congress there is a 

limit, either temporary or permanent, on the amount of public 

debt that may be outstanding. When this limit is reached, 

Treasury may not sell new debt issues until Congress 

increases or extends the limit. For a detailed listing of changes 

in the limit since 1941, see the Budget of the United States 

Government. (See debt outstanding subject to limitation.) 

STRIPS (PDO-2)—Separate Trading of Registered Interest 

and Principal Securities. Long-term notes and bonds may be 

divided into principal and interest-paying components, which 

may be transferred and sold in amounts as small as $1,000. 

STRIPS are sold at auction at a minimum par amount, varying 

for each issue. The amount is an arithmetic function of the 

issue’s interest rate. 
GLOSSARY 

March 2020

120 

Treasury bills—The shortest term Federal security (maturity 

dates normally varying from 3 to 12 months), are sold at a 

discount. 

Trust fund transaction (“Federal Fiscal Operations”)—

An intrabudgetary transaction in which both payments and 

receipts occur within the same trust fund group. 

United States—Includes the 50 States, District of Columbia, 

Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, American Samoa, Midway 

Island, Virgin Islands, Wake Island, and all other territories 

and possessions. 

U.S. notes (USCC)—Legal tender notes of five different 

issues: 1862 ($5-$1,000 notes); 1862 ($1-$2 notes); 1863 ($5-

$1,000 notes); 1863 ($1-$10,000 notes); and 1901 ($10 notes). 
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