Produced and Published by

BULLETIN

FEATURES

Profile of the Economy

Financial Operations

International Statistics

Special Reports

MARCH 2009
Additional Financial Management Service 

Releases on Federal Finances

Sold on a subscription basis only (exceptions noted) by the Superintendent of 

Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402.†

Combined Statement of Receipts, Outlays, and Balances of the United States 

Government. This statement presents budget results and the cash-related assets 

and liabilities of the Federal Government with supporting details. Single copy 

price: $67.00 (domestic), $93.80 (foreign). 

Financial Report of the United States Government. Annual report provides 

information about Government financial operations on the accrual basis. Single 

copy price: $26.00 (domestic), $36.40 (foreign). 

† Subscription order form on inside back cover. 
BULLETIN

The Treasury Bulletin is for sale

by the Superintendent of Documents

U.S. Government Printing Office

Washington, D.C. 20402.
The Treasury Bulletin is issued quarterly in March, June, September, and December by the 

Financial Management Service. The Budget Reports Division, Governmentwide Accounting, 

compiles statistical data from sources within Treasury departmental offices and bureaus, as well 

as various other Federal program agencies. Readers can contact the publication staff at (202) 

874-9938/9939 to inquire about any of the published information. Suggestions are welcome. 

The publication staff can also be reached by electronic mail. 

treasury.bulletin@fms.treas.gov 

Internet service subscribers can access the Treasury Bulletin in Microsoft Word or PDF format 

through the Financial Management Service’s home page. 

www.fms.treas.gov/ 
March 2009 

Contents 

FINANCIAL OPERATIONS 

 

PROFILE OF THE ECONOMY 

Analysis.—Summary of Economic Indicators....................................................................................................................... 3

FEDERAL FISCAL OPERATIONS 

Introduction.—Federal Fiscal Operations.............................................................................................................................. 8 

Analysis.—Budget Results and Financing of the U.S. Government and First-Quarter Receipts by Source ......................... 9 

FFO-A.—Chart: Monthly Receipts and Outlays ................................................................................................................ 11 

FFO-B.—Chart: Budget Receipts by Source....................................................................................................................... 11 

FFO-1.—Summary of Fiscal Operations............................................................................................................................. 12 

FFO-2.—On-Budget and Off-Budget Receipts by Source .................................................................................................. 13 

FFO-3.—On-Budget and Off-Budget Outlays by Agency .................................................................................................. 15 

FFO-4.—Summary of U.S. Government Receipts by Source and Outlays by Agency....................................................... 17

ACCOUNT OF THE U.S. TREASURY 

Introduction.— Source and Availability of the Balance in the Account of the U.S. Treasury ............................................ 18 

UST-1.—Elements of Change in Federal Reserve and Tax and Loan Note Account Balances .......................................... 18

FEDERAL DEBT 

Introduction.—Federal Debt................................................................................................................................................ 20 

FD-1.—Summary of Federal Debt ...................................................................................................................................... 21 

FD-2.—Debt Held by the Public ......................................................................................................................................... 22 

FD-3.—Government Account Series................................................................................................................................... 23 

FD-4.—Interest-Bearing Securities Issued by Government Agencies................................................................................. 24 

FD-5.—Maturity Distribution and Average Length of Marketable Interest-Bearing Public Debt Held by 

 Private Investors .................................................................................................................................................... 25 

FD-6.—Debt Subject to Statutory Limit.............................................................................................................................. 26 

FD-7.—Treasury Holdings of Securities Issued by Government Corporations and Other Agencies.................................. 27

PUBLIC DEBT OPERATIONS 

Introduction.—Public Debt Operations ............................................................................................................................... 29 

TREASURY FINANCING ................................................................................................................................................. 30 

PDO-1.—Offerings of Regular Weekly Treasury Bills....................................................................................................... 36 

PDO-2.—Offerings of Marketable Securities Other than Regular Weekly Treasury Bills ................................................. 37 

OWNERSHIP OF FEDERAL SECURITIES 

Introduction.—Ownership of Federal Securities ................................................................................................................. 38 

OFS-1.—Distribution of Federal Securities by Class of Investors and Type of Issues ....................................................... 39 

OFS-2.—Estimated Ownership of U.S. Treasury Securities ............................................................................................... 40

MARKET YIELDS 

Introduction.—Market Yields.............................................................................................................................................. 41 

MY-1.—Treasury Market Bid Yields at Constant Maturities: Bills, Notes, and Bonds...................................................... 41 

U.S. CURRENCY AND COIN OUTSTANDING AND IN CIRCULATION

Introduction.—U.S. Currency and Coin Outstanding and in Circulation ............................................................................ 42 

USCC-1.—Amounts Outstanding and in Circulation; Currency, Coins.............................................................................. 42 

USCC-2.—Amounts Outstanding and in Circulation; by Denomination, Per Capita Comparative Totals ......................... 43
March 2009 

IV 

Contents 

INTERNATIONAL STATISTICS 

INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL STATISTICS 

Introduction.—International Financial Statistics ................................................................................................................. 47 

IFS-1.—U.S. Reserve Assets............................................................................................................................................... 47 

IFS-2.—Selected U.S. Liabilities to Foreigners .................................................................................................................. 48 

IFS-3.—Nonmarketable U.S. Treasury Bonds and Notes Issued to Official Institutions and Other 

 Residents of Foreign Countries.............................................................................................................................. 49

CAPITAL MOVEMENTS 

Introduction.—Capital Movements ..................................................................................................................................... 50 

SECTION I.—Liabilities to Foreigners Reported by Banks in the United States 

CM-I-1.—Total Liabilities by Type and Holder.................................................................................................................. 53 

CM-I-2.—Total Liabilities by Country................................................................................................................................ 54 

CM-I-3.—Total Liabilities by Type and Country................................................................................................................ 56 

CM-A.—Chart: U.S. Liabilities to Foreigners Reported by U.S. Banks, Brokers, and Dealers 

 with Respect to Selected Countries...................................................................................................................... 58 

SECTION II.—Claims on Foreigners Reported by Banks in the United States 

CM-II-1.—Total Claims by Type........................................................................................................................................ 59 

CM-II-2.—Total Claims by Country ................................................................................................................................... 60 

CM-II-3.—Total Claims on Foreigners by Type and Country ............................................................................................ 62 

CM-B.—Chart: U.S. Claims on Foreigners Reported by U.S. Banks, Brokers, and Dealers 

 with Respect to Selected Countries...................................................................................................................... 64

SECTION III.—Liabilities to, and Claims on, Foreigners Reported by Nonbanking Business Enterprises 

 in the United States 

CM-III-1.—Total Liabilities and Claims by Type............................................................................................................... 65 

CM-III-2.—Total Liabilities to Unaffiliated Foreigners by Country................................................................................... 66 

CM-III-3.—Total Claims on Unaffiliated Foreigners by Country....................................................................................... 68 

CM-III-4.—Total Liabilities to, and Claims on, Unaffiliated Foreigners, by Type and Country........................................ 70 

SECTION IV.—U.S. International Transactions in Long-Term Securities 

CM-IV-1.—U.S. Transactions with Foreigners in Long-Term Domestic Securities by Type ............................................ 72 

CM-IV-2.—U.S. Transactions with Foreigners in Long-Term Foreign Securities by Type ............................................... 73 

CM-IV-3.—Net Foreign Transactions in Long-Term Domestic Securities by Type and Country...................................... 74 

CM-IV-4.—U.S. Transactions with Foreigners in Long-Term Domestic and Foreign Securities, by Type 

 and Country, during (fourth quarter)................................................................................................................. 76 

CM-IV-5.—U.S. Transactions with Foreigners in Long-Term Domestic and Foreign Securities, by Type 

 and Country, during (calendar year) ................................................................................................................. 78 

CM-C.—Chart: Net Purchases of Long-Term Domestic Securities by Foreigners, Selected Countries ............................. 80 

CM-D.—Chart: Net Purchases of Long-Term Foreign Securities by U.S. Investors .......................................................... 81

SECTION V.—Holdings of, and Transactions in, Derivatives Contracts with Foreigners Reported by 

 Businesses in the United States 

CM-V-1.—Gross Totals of Holdings with Positive and Negative Fair Values by Type of Contract .................................. 82

CM-V-2.—Gross Total of Holdings with Negative Fair Values, by Country ..................................................................... 83 

CM-V-3.—Gross Total of Holdings with Positive Fair Values, by Country....................................................................... 84 

CM-V-4.—Net Cash Settlements Received by U.S. Residents from Foreign Residents, by Type of Contract................... 85 

CM-V-5.—Net Cash Settlements Received by U.S. Residents from Foreign Residents, by Type of Country .................. 86 
March 2009 

V

Contents 

FOREIGN CURRENCY POSITIONS 

Introduction.—Foreign Currency Positions......................................................................................................................... 87 

SECTION I.—Canadian Dollar Positions 

FCP-I-1.—Weekly Report of Major Market Participants.................................................................................................... 88 

FCP-I-2.—Monthly Report of Major Market Participants .................................................................................................. 89 

FCP-I-3.—Quarterly Report of Large Market Participants ................................................................................................. 89 

SECTION II.—Japanese Yen Positions 

FCP-II-1.—Weekly Report of Major Market Participants................................................................................................... 90 

FCP-II-2.—Monthly Report of Major Market Participants ................................................................................................. 91 

FCP-II-3.—Quarterly Report of Large Market Participants ................................................................................................ 91 

SECTION III.—Swiss Franc Positions 

FCP-III-1.—Weekly Report of Major Market Participants ................................................................................................. 92 

FCP-III-2.—Monthly Report of Major Market Participants................................................................................................ 93 

FCP-III-3.—Quarterly Report of Large Market Participants............................................................................................... 93 

SECTION IV.—Sterling Positions 

FCP-IV-1.—Weekly Report of Major Market Participants................................................................................................. 94 

FCP-IV-2.—Monthly Report of Major Market Participants................................................................................................ 95 

FCP-IV-3.—Quarterly Report of Large Market Participants............................................................................................... 95 

SECTION V.—U.S. Dollar Positions 

FCP-V-1.—Weekly Report of Major Market Participants .................................................................................................. 96 

FCP-V-2.—Monthly Report of Major Market Participants................................................................................................. 97 

FCP-V-3.—Quarterly Report of Large Market Participants................................................................................................ 97 

SECTION VI.—Euro Positions 

FCP-VI-1.—Weekly Report of Major Market Participants................................................................................................. 98 

FCP-VI-2.—Monthly Report of Major Market Participants................................................................................................ 99 

FCP-VI-3.—Quarterly Report of Large Market Participants............................................................................................... 99 

EXCHANGE STABILIZATION FUND 

Introduction.—Exchange Stabilization Fund..................................................................................................................... 100 

ESF-1.—Balance Sheet ..................................................................................................................................................... 100 

ESF-2.—Income and Expense........................................................................................................................................... 101

SPECIAL REPORTS 

FINANCIAL REPORT OF THE UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT, EXCERPT 

Introduction.—Financial Report Excerpt........................................................................................................................... 105 

Financial Report Excerpt ................................................................................................................................................... 106 

TRUST FUNDS 

Introduction.—Airport and Airway Trust Fund................................................................................................................. 119 

TF-1.—Airport and Airway Trust Fund ............................................................................................................................ 120 

Introduction.—Uranium Enrichment Decontamination and Decommissioning Fund....................................................... 121 

TF-2.—Uranium Enrichment Decontamination and Decommissioning Fund................................................................... 122 

Introduction.—Black Lung Disability Trust Fund............................................................................................................. 123 

TF-3.—Black Lung Disability Trust Fund ........................................................................................................................ 123 

Introduction.—Harbor Maintenance Trust Fund ............................................................................................................... 125 
March 2009 

VI 

Contents 

TF-4.—Harbor Maintenance Trust Fund........................................................................................................................... 125 

Introduction.—Hazardous Substance Superfund............................................................................................................... 127 

TF-5.—Hazardous Substance Superfund........................................................................................................................... 127 

Introduction.—Highway Trust Fund ................................................................................................................................. 129 

TF-6.—Highway Trust Fund ............................................................................................................................................. 130 

Introduction.—Inland Waterways Trust Fund................................................................................................................... 133 

TF-7.—Inland Waterways Trust Fund............................................................................................................................... 133 

Introduction.—Leaking Underground Storage Tank Trust Fund....................................................................................... 134 

TF-8.—Leaking Underground Storage Tank Trust Fund .................................................................................................. 134 

Introduction.—Nuclear Waste Fund.................................................................................................................................. 135 

TF-9.—Nuclear Waste Fund.............................................................................................................................................. 135 

TF-A.—Chart: Major Trust Funds, Interest on Investments.............................................................................................. 136 

TF-B.—Chart: Major Trust Funds, Receipts and Expenses .............................................................................................. 136 

Introduction.—Reforestation Trust Fund........................................................................................................................... 137 

TF-10.—Reforestation Trust Fund .................................................................................................................................... 137 

Introduction.— Sport Fish Restoration and Boating Safety Trust Fund............................................................................ 138 

TF-11.—Sport Fish Restoration and Boating Safety Trust Fund....................................................................................... 139 

Introduction.—Oil Spill Liability Trust Fund.................................................................................................................... 141 

TF-12.—Oil Spill Liability Trust Fund ............................................................................................................................. 142 

Introduction.—Vaccine Injury Compensation Trust Fund ................................................................................................ 143 

TF-13.—Vaccine Injury Compensation Trust Fund .......................................................................................................... 143 

Introduction.—Wool Research, Development, and Promotion Trust Fund....................................................................... 144 

TF-14.—Wool Research, Development, and Promotion Trust Fund................................................................................. 144

 

RESEARCH PAPER SERIES........................................................................................................................................... 145

GLOSSARY ...................................................................................................................................................................... 147

ORDER FORM FOR TREASURY PUBLICATIONS ............................................................................... Inside back cover

NOTES: Definitions for words shown in italics can be found in the glossary; Figures may not add to totals because of 

rounding; p = Preliminary; n.a. = Not available; r = Revised. 
March 2009 

VII

Nonquarterly Tables and Reports 

For the convenience of the “Treasury Bulletin” user, nonquarterly tables and reports 

are listed below along with the issues in which they appear. 

Issues 

March June Sept. Dec. 

Federal Fiscal Operations 

 

FFO-5.—Internal Revenue Receipts by State........................................................... √

FFO-6.—Customs and Border Protection Collection of Duties, Taxes and Fees 

by Districts and Ports............................................................................... √

 

Special Reports 

 

Financial Report of the United States Government excerpt...................................... √ 

Trust Fund Reports: 

Airport and Airway Trust Fund ........................................................................ √ 

Black Lung Disability Trust Fund .................................................................... √ 

Harbor Maintenance Trust Fund....................................................................... √ 

Hazardous Substance Superfund....................................................................... √ 

Highway Trust Fund ......................................................................................... √ 

Inland Waterways Trust Fund........................................................................... √ 

Leaking Underground Storage Tank Trust Fund .............................................. √ 

Nuclear Waste Fund.......................................................................................... √ 

Oil Spill Liability Trust Fund ........................................................................... √ 

Reforestation Trust Fund .................................................................................. √ 

Sport Fish Restoration and Boating Trust Fund................................................ √ 

Uranium Enrichment Decontamination and Decommissioning Fund............... √ 

Vaccine Injury Compensation Trust Fund ........................................................ √ 

Wool Research, Development, and Promotion Trust Fund............................... √ 

 
OPERATIONS

Profile of the Economy

Federal Fiscal Operations

Account of the U.S. Treasury

Federal Debt

Public Debt Operations

U.S. Savings Bonds and Notes

Ownership of Federal Securities

Market Yields

U.S. Currency and Coin Outstanding

and in Circulation
March 2009 

3

Growth of Real GDP

2.5 3.02.6

3.8

1.3

4.8

0.8

1.5

4.8

-0.2

0.9

2.8

-0.5

-3.8

3.5

4.8

0.1

3.0 2.7

3.6

-6.0

-4.0

-2.0

0.0

2.0

4.0

6.0

8.0

10.0

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

(Quarterly percent change at annual rate)

Profile of the Economy 

[Source: Office of Macroeconomic Analysis] 

As of February 6, 2009 

Introduction 

In early December 2008, the National Bureau of 

Economic Research (NBER) announced its determination 

that the U.S. economy had been in recession since December 

2007, notwithstanding the positive growth in real gross 

domestic product (GDP) registered during the first two 

quarters of 2008. The December 2007 business cycle peak 

marked the end of a 73-month expansion that began in 

November 2001. The previous expansion, which began in 

March 1991 and peaked in March 2001, had lasted 120 

months. 

Growth in the U.S. economy had been on a slower path 

since late 2007, but turned slightly negative in the third 

quarter of 2008, and steeply negative in the fourth quarter. 

Labor market conditions, consumer spending, and business 

investment have all declined sharply, and export growth, 

once a bright spot in the economy, has also slowed 

dramatically with falling demand in global markets. 

Headline inflation, which peaked in July 2008 on the back of 

rising energy and other commodity prices, retreated sharply 

during the latter half of last year, and most recently, the 

headline consumer price level has fallen sharply. Core 

inflation (a measure excluding food and energy) has 

remained relatively contained, falling to the lower end of 

recent ranges last December. Conditions in housing and 

financial markets continued to deteriorate, but very late in 

2008 and in early 2009, credit conditions showed some signs 

of improvement. Stock market indexes dropped significantly 

in 2008 and have continued to trend downwards early this 

year. Private analysts predict that the economy will remain 

very weak in the first half of 2009, but start to pick up in the 

third and fourth quarters. 

Growth 

Growth in the U.S. economy stalled in the fourth quarter 

of 2007, the quarter in which the NBER dated the start of the 

current recession. Still, the economy grew by a quarterly 

average of nearly 1.9 percent during the first two quarters of 

2008, fueled in part by a significant improvement in net 

exports as well as fiscal stimulus-supported personal 

consumption. It contracted in the final two quarters, and 

edged down 0.2 percent over the whole year, the first fourquarter decline since 1991. In the third quarter of 2008, real 

GDP fell by 0.5 percent at an annual rate, due to a drop in 

consumer spending. In the fourth quarter of last year, real 

GDP fell by 3.8 percent–the largest quarterly decline since 

1982. In that quarter, consumer spending declined and 

residential investment fell for the 12th straight quarter, while 

business investment fell sharply. Net exports declined 

slightly, and government spending grew modestly. The only 

sizeable offset to widespread weakening came from a large 

inventory build in the fourth quarter. 

Growth of consumer spending–which accounts for about 

70 percent of GDP–began to slow in the spring of 2007. 

Spending growth averaged about 1 percent at an annual rate 

in the first half of 2008, but turned sharply negative in the 

latter half of last year, declining by 3.8 percent in the third 

quarter and by 3.5 percent in the fourth quarter–these were 

the first declines in consumer spending since the 1990-91 

recession. The decline in consumer spending subtracted 2.5 

percentage points from real GDP growth in the fourth 

quarter. Over the entire year, consumption fell 1.3 percent, 

marking the largest four-quarter drop since 1974. 

Residential investment–mostly residential 

homebuilding–accounts for only about 3-1/2 percent of 

GDP, but the ongoing decline in this sector has been a 

significant drag on real GDP growth since early 2006. In the 

fourth quarter of 2008, residential investment plunged 23.6 

percent, the 12th straight quarterly decline, and subtracted 0.8 

percentage point from real GDP growth, roughly matching 

the average quarterly subtraction from this component since 

the start of 2006. In 2009, the housing market is expected to 

weigh further on real GDP growth. Home sales remain 

sluggish, and inventories of unsold homes are at historically 

high levels. Housing starts and building permits are down 

sharply. Single-family starts and permits plunged to record 

lows in December 2008. The level of permits remained 

below starts for the 23rd straight month, suggesting further 

declines in new residential construction lie ahead. 

Homebuilder optimism is at an all-time low. 
PROFILE OF THE ECONOMY 

March 2009

4 

House prices continued to fall, weighed down by the 

elevated inventory of homes on the market. According to the 

Federal Housing Financing Authority, prices for purchased 

homes fell 8.7 percent over the year ending in November 

2008. Other measures, such as the Standard & Poor’s 

(S&P)/Case-Shiller indexes, indicate that home prices are 

declining in most major U.S. cities. The Case-Shiller 20-city 

index is down 18 percent over the year through November 

2008, and is 25 percent below its mid-2006 peak. 

Mortgage delinquencies rose to an all-time high in the 

third quarter, although the nationwide foreclosure rate 

flattened out at a record level of 1.2 percent. Subprime 

adjustable rate mortgages remain largely responsible for the 

record foreclosure rate; however, foreclosure starts on prime 

loans have continued to rise as credit difficulties have spilled 

over to high-quality loans. 

Business activity outside of homebuilding also slowed in 

2008 compared with 2007. After growing by 6.4 percent in 

2007 and by roughly 2.5 percent at an annual rate in the first 

half of 2008, nonresidential fixed investment–about 10 

percent of GDP–declined by 1.7 percent in the third quarter 

and then dropped by about 19 percent in the fourth quarter. 

The fourth quarter plunge was the largest since the mid1970s, and reflected the first decline in outlays for business 

structures in almost 3 years, and the largest decline in 

spending on equipment and software since 1958. Inventory 

investment contributed 0.8 percentage point to the third 

quarter real GDP growth and a more substantial 1.3 percent 

in the fourth quarter. Nonetheless, the fourth quarter 

inventory build may have reflected an unintended 

accumulation due to falling consumption and investment, 

which would point to lower growth or a steeper decline in 

the first quarter of this year. 

Export growth had been a key driver of growth for the 

six quarters prior to the final quarter of last year, when the 

contribution of this component declined significantly. The 

latter trend is expected to continue this year, given slowing 

growth and recession in overseas markets. Exports account 

for about 12 percent of GDP, while imports, which are 

subtracted from GDP, account for about 17 percent. Real 

exports fell nearly 20 percent in the fourth quarter of 2008, 

year-over-year, after growing 3.0 percent in the third quarter 

and 10 to 11 percent in the first two quarters of the year. 

Real imports declined nearly 16 percent over the last four 

quarters, the largest decline in imports since mid-1980. As a 

result, net exports contributed only 0.1 percentage points to 

fourth quarter growth in real GDP–far less than the boosts of 

roughly 1 to 3 percent in the previous three quarters. 

Public sector purchases–which account for roughly 20 

percent of GDP–grew 1.9 percent at an annual rate in the 

fourth quarter, slowing from the third quarter’s 5.8 percent 

rate and contributing only 0.4 percent to real GDP growth. 

Federal spending grew 5.8 percent in the fourth quarter, 

slowing considerably from the 13.8 percent pace of the 

previous quarter. State and local government finances 

continued to deteriorate, with spending down 0.5 percent in 

the final quarter of last year, after growing by an average of 

nearly 2 percent in the previous two quarters. 

Labor Markets 

Labor market conditions have weakened noticeably since 

late 2007–since the recession began in December 2007, a 

total of 3.6 million jobs have been lost. On a percentage 

basis, the 13-month decline is the largest since 1982. 

Nonfarm payrolls fell by an average of 180,000 per month 

during the first three quarters of 2008, then plunged by an 

average of 518,000 per month in the final quarter. Job losses 

have been spread broadly across most sectors. 

Manufacturing has lost two million jobs since December 

2007, and construction has cut 781,000 jobs. However, a few 

sectors have continued to see job growth, including health 

care and education, which together added about 573,000 

jobs to payrolls between December 2007 and January 2009. 

The unemployment rate has trended higher, with more 

noticeable increases over the past 6 months: unemployment 

jumped to 7.6 percent in January 2009, the highest rate since 

September 1992, and was 3.2 percentage points above the 

March 2007 low of 4.4 percent. Payroll employment fell by 

598,000 in January 2009, the largest 1-month decline since 

December 1974. 
PROFILE OF THE ECONOMY 

 March 2009 

5

Payroll Employment

-518

230 257

151

206

255

88

206

151

109 105

-153

-113

80

-208

71

-700

-600

-500

-400

-300

-200

-100

0

100

200

300

400

I II III IV I II III IV I II III IV I II III IV

(Average monthly change in thousands

from end of quarter to end of quarter)

2005 2008 2006 2007

Unemployment Rate

3.5

4.0

4.5

5.0

5.5

6.0

6.5

7.0

7.5

8.0

00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09

(Percent)

Jan. 2009

7.6%

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08

Excluding food and energy Total

Consumer Prices

(Percent change from a year earlier)

Food

Inflation 

Rising food prices and the energy price surge through the 

middle of last year boosted headline inflation, which peaked 

at 5.6 percent in the 12 months through July 2008 and has 

since retreated sharply. Headline consumer prices rose 0.1 

percent in the year ending December 2008, plummeting 

from the 4.1 percent year-earlier pace and representing the 

smallest yearly rise since 1955. Fluctuations in headline 

consumer prices have mainly reflected changes in energy 

and food prices, which are volatile, and more recently, 

slowing consumer and business spending as well. In fact, 

for the 3 months ending in December 2008, headline 

consumer prices fell by 12.7 percent at an annual rate. Core 

consumer prices (excluding food and energy) rose by 1.8 

percent in the latest year, slowing from the 2.4 percent pace 

in 2007. This was the smallest increase in the core measure 

since 2003. In the 3 months ending in December 2008, core 

prices declined by 0.3 percent. The personal consumption 

expenditures (PCE) price deflator rose 0.6 percent in the 

year ending in December 2008, down significantly from the 

3.5 percent rate posted a year earlier. The core PCE price 

deflator also slowed, rising 1.7 percent in the 12 months 

through December 2008, below its year-earlier increase of 

2.3 percent. 

Energy prices reached record highs in mid-summer, but 

have fallen sharply since then. The retail price of regular 

gasoline–which hit a record of $4.11 per gallon in early 

July–stood at $1.84 per gallon in the week ended January 

26–a level not seen since early 1994. The front-month 

futures price for West Texas Intermediate crude oil traded to 

a record $147 per barrel in mid-July, but has since dropped 

by more than $100 to roughly $42 per barrel in late January. 

Compared with 1 year ago, oil prices are now about $45 per 

barrel lower. 
PROFILE OF THE ECONOMY 

March 2009

6 

Food prices began rising much more rapidly in early 

2007 and continued to accelerate in 2008, remaining above 

the overall inflation rate. Consumer food prices rose by 5.9 

percent in the 12 months through December, above the 4.9 

percent increase of a year-earlier, which itself was markedly 

above the 2.1 percent increase for the year ending December 

2006. Most recently, however, food prices edged down 0.1 

percent in December 2008, the first decline since April 2006. 

Federal Budget 

The federal budget deficit widened to $455 billion in 

fiscal year 2008 (3.2 percent of GDP), following 3 years of 

improvement that had trimmed the deficit to $162 billion 

(1.2 percent of GDP) in fiscal year 2007. Stimulus payments 

associated with the Economic Stimulus Act of 2008 as well 

as the weak economy were partly responsible for the 

increase in the fiscal year 2008 deficit. 

The budget deficit will continue to grow in fiscal year 

2009 as expenditures rise sharply and receipts are depressed 

by falling employment and income as well as declining asset 

values. The increase in federal spending due to the Troubled 

Assets Relief Program (TARP) outlays, and expenditures 

associated with a new stimulus package, are expected to 

push the federal deficit to a record level in fiscal year 2009, 

both in absolute terms and as a share of GDP. In early 

January 2009, the Congressional Budget Office estimated 

that the fiscal year 2009 deficit will exceed $1.2 trillion, 

equivalent to more than 8 percent of GDP. 

Financial Markets 

Financial markets came under unprecedented stress last 

fall, but a wide range of measures have been taken as part of 

the Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008, enacted 

in early October. For example, the Capital Purchase Program 

has allocated nearly $195 billion in funds from the TARP to 

a broad array of financial institutions. Several additional 

programs have been put in place to help normalize credit 

markets and prevent disruption in financial markets and the 

broader economy. 

Partly in response to rising financial market stress as well 

as signs of more slowing in the broader economy, the 

Federal Reserve began easing monetary policy in August 

2007, and has since cut the federal funds rate target by 525 

basis points. That amount represents the lower bound of the 

range of 0 percent to 0.25 percent set at the December 2008 

Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) meeting, which 

brought the target to its lowest level in history. The target 

range was maintained at the FOMC’s most recent meeting in 

late January, when the Committee observed downside risks 

to inflation as well as growth. In addition, the Federal 

Reserve has greatly expanded its tools to increase liquidity 

in credit markets and ease lending terms to sectors that need 

a temporary injection. These include the Asset-Backed 

Commercial Paper Monetary Market Mutual Fund Liquidity 

Facility, the Commercial Paper Funding Facility, the Money 

Market Investor Funding Facility, the Primary Dealer Credit 

Facility, and the Term Securities Lending Facility. Although 

these facilities were set to expire this Spring, the Federal 

Reserve extended the programs through October 30, 2009. 

The expiration date of the Term Asset-Backed Securities 

Loan Facility remains until December 31, 2009, and other 

liquidity facilities, such as the Term Auction Facility, do not 

have a fixed expiration date. Finally, last October, the 

Federal Reserve announced that it would pay interest on 

member banks’ required reserves. 

Equity market indexes fell very sharply last year, and 

volatility rose to record levels. The S&P 500 index declined 

38.5 percent last year, compared with a 3.5 percent gain in 

2007. The loss was the largest since 1931, when an earlier 

version of the index (containing only 90 stocks) dropped 47 

percent. As of early February, the S&P was down another 5 

percent. The Dow Jones Industrial Average (DJIA) declined 

33.8 percent in 2008, after rising by 6.4 percent in 2007. So 

far this year, the DJIA has declined by about 8 percent. The 

S&P stock market volatility index (VIX), often used as a 

measure of financial market uncertainty, surged to an alltime high of 80 percent in late October, after hovering in a 

range of 20 to 30 percent for most of 2008. The VIX remains 

elevated, but has since retreated to about 43 percent as of 

early February. 

Long-term Treasury interest rates have been buffeted by 

a variety of factors, including flight-to-quality flows in 

response to financial market pressures as well as concerns 

about the increase in supply that will be necessary to fund 

the Treasury’s emergency support programs. For most of last 

year, the 10-year Treasury note yield traded in a fairly 

narrow range of 3.5 to 4.5 percent. The yield then dropped 

off sharply starting in mid-November, reaching 2.1 percent 

in late December. Since then, the 10-year note yield has 

traded higher, reaching 3.0 percent as of early February. The 

3-month Treasury bill yield, by contrast, generally trended 

lower throughout 2008 under the relatively steady influence 

of safe-haven demand for short-term liquid assets. The yield 

reached an all-time low of slightly above zero by the end of 

December, but has risen relatively rapidly since, to about 0.3 

percent as of early February. The 2- to 10-year Treasury 

yield spread, one measure of the steepness of the yield 

curve, has widened noticeably since mid-2007. A steepening 

yield curve may suggest rising uncertainty about long-term 

prospects. Key interest rates on private securities have risen 

sharply relative to Treasury rates, reflecting an increase in 

financial risk and concerns by financial market participants 

about short-term liquidity difficulties facing a number of 

institutions. The spread between the 3-month London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) and the 3-month Treasury bill 

rate (the TED spread, a measure of inter-bank liquidity and 

credit risk) had averaged less than 50 basis points in 2006 

and much of 2007. Starting in August 2007, however, this 

spread started to widen sharply, reaching an all-time high of 

nearly 460 basis points in early October 2008. In very recent 

months, though, perceptions of credit market risks have 
PROFILE OF THE ECONOMY 

March 2009 

7

Short-Term Interest Rate Spreads

0.0

1.0

2.0

3.0

4.0

5.0

6.0

2006 2007 2008 2009

(Percent)

TED Spread

Libor-OIS Spread

Long-Term Interest Rate Spreads

-1.0

0.0

1.0

2.0

3.0

4.0

5.0

6.0

7.0

2006 2007 2008 2009

(Percent)

Corporate Baa to

Treasury Ten-Year Yield Spread

Treasury Two-Year

to Ten-Year Yield Spread

improved, and as of early February, while remaining 

elevated, the TED spread had narrowed considerably to 

about 100 basis points. The spread between the Baa 

corporate bond yield and the 10-year Treasury yield, another 

measure of investor risk appetite, averaged 170 basis points 

through most of 2007, before the financial market turmoil 

emerged. This spread also trended upward starting in August 

2007 and peaked at nearly 620 basis points last December. 

Since then, this spread has narrowed only a bit, to about 530 

basis points as of early February–still very high by historical 

standards. Finally, the spread between LIBOR and the 3-

month overnight indexed swap rate (OIS)–a measure of what 

banks perceive as the credit risk in lending to one another–

was roughly 9 basis points prior to mid-2007, but by October 

2008, had peaked at 365 basis points. As of early February, 

this spread had narrowed substantially, to about 100 basis 

points, but remains quite high relative to its pre-crisis range. 

Rates for conventional mortgages have trended lower in 

recent months, but jumbo mortgage rates have continued to 

rise. The interest rate for a 30-year conventional fixed-rate 

mortgage touched a 2008 high of 6.6 percent in July, but fell 

to an all-time low of 4.96 percent this year in mid-January. 

The conventional rate is currently about 5.25 percent. The 

jumbo-conventional spread had widened to 215 basis points 

by the end of last year, well up from the more typical 20 to 

25 basis point spread seen prior to the onset of the housing 

and credit market problems. This spread has since narrowed 

somewhat, to about 180 basis points as of early February. 

Foreign Trade and Exchange Rates 

Although the U.S. trade balance (which measures trade 

in goods and services) and current account (which also 

includes investment income flows and unilateral transfers) 

remain in deficit, both deficits have narrowed appreciably in 

recent years, largely due to an improvement in the trade 

balance. The merchandise trade deficit reached $838 billion 

in 2006, but declined to $819 billion in 2007. Data for the 

first 11 months of 2008 show that the merchandise trade 

deficit has narrowed further, mainly reflecting the lower 

value–and to a small extent, lower volume–of oil imports in 

the latter half of the year. The current account balance has 

been in deficit almost continuously since the early 1980s, 

and in 2006, reached a record $788 billion, equivalent to 6.0 

percent of GDP. In 2007, the deficit narrowed to $731 

billion, or 5.3 percent of GDP. Through the third quarter of 

2008, the current account deficit had narrowed to $696.4 

billion at an annual rate (equivalent to 4.8 percent of GDP). 

The value of the U.S. dollar compared with the 

currencies of seven major trading partners (the euro area 

countries, Japan, Canada, the United Kingdom, Australia, 

Sweden, and Switzerland) has depreciated significantly from 

its peak in February 2002, but most recently, has begun to 

stabilize. Between February 2002 and January 2009, the 

exchange value of the dollar compared to an index of these 

currencies fell by about 28 percent. Between January 2007 

and January 2009, however, the dollar appreciated by 1.4 

percent against these currencies. Over the longer timeframe, 

the dollar depreciated by 33 percent against the yen, and by 

34 percent against the euro, but over the past 2 years, the 

dollar has depreciated by about 25 percent against the yen 

and by roughly 2 percent against the euro. The dollar has 

also begun to stabilize against an index of currencies of 19 

other important trading partners (including China, India, and 

Mexico). Between February 2002 and January 2009, the 

dollar appreciated by about 1 percent against this basket of 

currencies, and over the past 2 years, firmed by nearly 5 

percent. 
March 2009 

8 

INTRODUCTION: Federal Fiscal Operations 

Budget authority usually takes the form of appropriations 

that allow obligations to be incurred and payments to be 

made. Reappropriations are Congressional actions that 

extend the availability of unobligated amounts that have 

expired or would otherwise expire. These are counted as 

new budget authority in the fiscal year of the legislation in 

which the reappropriation act is included, regardless of when 

the amounts were originally appropriated or when they 

would otherwise lapse. 

Obligations generally are liquidated by the issuance of 

checks or the disbursement of cash—outlays. Obligations 

may also be liquidated (and outlays recorded) by the accrual 

of interest on public issues of Treasury debt securities 

(including an increase in redemption value of bonds 

outstanding); or by the issuance of bonds, debentures, notes, 

monetary credits, or electronic payments. 

Refunds of collections generally are treated as reductions 

of collections, whereas payments for earned-income tax 

credits in excess of tax liabilities are treated as outlays. 

Outlays during a fiscal year may be for payment of 

obligations incurred in prior years or in the same year. 

Outlays, therefore, flow in part from unexpended balances of 

prior year budget authority and from budget authority 

provided for the year in which the money is spent. Total 

outlays include both budget and off-budget outlays and are 

stated net of offsetting collections. 

Receipts are reported in the tables as either budget 

receipts or offsetting collections. They are collections from 

the public, excluding receipts offset against outlays. These, 

also called governmental receipts, consist mainly of tax 

receipts (including social insurance taxes), receipts from 

court fines, certain licenses, and deposits of earnings by the 

Federal Reserve system. Refunds of receipts are treated as 

deductions from gross receipts. Total Government receipts 

are compared with total outlays in calculating the budget 

surplus or deficit. 

Offsetting collections from other Government accounts 

or the public are of a business-type or market-oriented 

nature. They are classified as either collections credited to 

appropriations or fund accounts, or offsetting receipts (i.e., 

amounts deposited in receipt accounts). The former normally 

can be used without an appropriation act by Congress. These 

occur in two instances: (1) when authorized by law, amounts 

collected for materials or services are treated as 

reimbursements to appropriations. For accounting purposes, 

earned reimbursements are also known as revenues. These 

offsetting collections are netted against gross outlays in 

determining net outlays from such appropriations; and (2) in 

the three types of revolving funds (public enterprise, 

intragovernmental, and trust); offsetting collections are 

netted against spending, and outlays are reported as the net 

amount. 

Offsetting receipts in receipt accounts cannot be used 

without appropriation. They are subdivided into three 

categories: (1) proprietary receipts, or collections from the 

public, offset against outlays by agency and by function; (2) 

intragovernmental transactions, or payments into receipt 

accounts from governmental appropriation or fund accounts. 

They finance operations within and between Government 

agencies and are credited with collections from other 

Government accounts; and (3) offsetting governmental 

receipts that include foreign cash contributions. 

Intrabudgetary transactions are subdivided into three 

categories: (1) interfund transactions—payments are from 

one fund group (either Federal funds or trust funds) to a 

receipt account in the other fund group; (2) Federal intrafund 

transactions—payments and receipts both occur within the 

Federal fund group; and (3) trust intrafund transactions—

payments and receipts both occur within the trust fund 

group. 

Offsetting receipts are generally deducted from budget 

authority and outlays by function, subfunction, or agency. 

There are four types of receipts, however, that are deducted 

from budget totals as undistributed offsetting receipts. They 

are: (1) agencies’ payments (including payments by offbudget Federal entities) as employers into employees’ 

retirement funds; (2) interest received by trust funds; (3) 

rents and royalties on the Outer Continental Shelf lands; and 

(4) other interest (i.e., that collected on Outer Continental 

Shelf money in deposit funds when such money is 

transferred into the budget). 

The Government has used the unified budget concept set 

forth in the “Report of the President’s Commission on 

Budget Concepts” as a foundation for its budgetary analysis 

and presentation since 1969. The concept calls for the 

budget to include all of the Government’s fiscal transactions 

with the public. Since 1971, however, various laws have 

been enacted removing several Federal entities from (or 

creating them outside of) the budget. Other laws have moved 

certain off-budget Federal entities onto the budget. Under 

current law, the off-budget Federal entities consist of the two 

Social Security trust funds, Federal Old-Age and Survivors 

Insurance and the Federal Disability Insurance Trust Fund, 

and the Postal Service. 

Although an off-budget Federal entity’s receipts, outlays, 

and surplus or deficit ordinarily are not subject to targets set 

by the Congressional resolution, the Balanced Budget and 

Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985 [commonly known 

as the Gramm-Rudman-Hollings Act as amended by the 

Budget Enforcement Act of 1990 (2 United States Code 900-

922)] included off-budget surplus or deficit in calculating 

deficit targets under that act and in calculating excess deficit. 

Partly for this reason, attention has focused on both on- and 

off-budget receipts, outlays and deficit of the Government. 
FEDERAL FISCAL OPERATIONS 

March 2009 

9

Tables FFO-1, FFO-2, and FFO-3 are published 

quarterly and cover 5 years of data, estimates for 2 years, 

detail for 13 months, and fiscal year-to-date data. They 

provide a summary of data relating to Federal fiscal 

operations reported by Federal entities and disbursing 

officers, and daily reports from the FRBs. They also detail 

accounting transactions affecting receipts and outlays of the 

Government and off-budget Federal entities and their related 

effect on assets and liabilities of the Government. Data are 

derived from the “Monthly Treasury Statement of Receipts 

and Outlays of the United States Government.” 

• Table FFO-1 summarizes the amount of total 

receipts, outlays, and surplus or deficit, as well as 

transactions in Federal securities, monetary assets, and 

balances in Treasury operating cash. 

• Table FFO-2 includes on- and off-budget receipts 

by source. Amounts represent income taxes, social insurance 

taxes, net contributions for other insurance and retirement, 

excise taxes, estate and gift taxes, customs duties, and net 

miscellaneous receipts. 

• Table FFO-3 details on- and off-budget outlays by 

agency. 

• Table FFO-4 summarizes on- and off-budget 

receipts by source and outlays by function as reported to 

each major fund group classification for the current fiscal 

year to date and prior fiscal year to date. 

• Table FFO-5 summarizes internal revenue receipts 

by states and by type of tax. Amounts reported are 

collections made in a fiscal year. They span several tax 

liability years because they consist of prepayments 

(estimated tax payments and taxes withheld by employers 

for individual income and Social Security taxes), payments 

made with tax returns and subsequent payments made after 

tax returns are due or are filed (that is, payments with 

delinquent returns or on delinquent accounts). 

Amounts are reported based on the primary filing 

address provided by each taxpayer or reporting entity. For 

multistate corporations, the address may reflect only the 

district where such a corporation reported its taxes from a 

principal office rather than other districts where income was 

earned or where individual income and Social Security taxes 

were withheld. In addition, an individual may reside in one 

district and work in another. 

• Table FFO-6 includes customs collection of duties, 

taxes, and fees by districts and ports.

Budget Results and Financing of the U.S. Government 

and First-Quarter Receipts by Source 

[Source: Office of Tax Analysis, Office of Tax Policy] 

First-Quarter Receipts 

The following capsule analysis of budget 

receipts, by source, for the first quarter of fiscal 

year 2009 supplements fiscal data reported in the 

December issue of the “Treasury Bulletin.” At the 

time of that issue’s release, not enough data were 

available to analyze adequately collections for the 

quarter. 

Individual income taxes—Individual income tax 

receipts, net of refunds, were $255.3 billion for the first 

quarter of fiscal year 2009. This is a decrease of $18.4 

billion over the comparable prior year quarter. Withheld 

receipts decreased by $10.6 billion and non-withheld 

receipts decreased by $1.4 billion during this period. 

Refunds increased by $6.4 billion over the comparable fiscal 

year 2008 quarter. There was an increase of $5.8 billion in 

accounting adjustments between individual income tax 

receipts and the Social Security and Medicare trust funds 

over the comparable quarter in fiscal year 2008. 

Corporate income taxes—Net corporate income tax 

receipts were $50.4 billion for the first quarter of fiscal year 

2009. This is a decrease of $42.2 billion compared to the 

prior year first quarter. The $42.2 billion change is 

comprised of a decrease of $39.9 billion in estimated and 

final payments, and an increase of $2.3 billion in corporate 

refunds. 

Employment taxes and contributions—Employment 

taxes and contributions receipts for the first quarter of fiscal 

year 2009 were $193.7 billion, an increase of $2.3 billion 

over the comparable prior year quarter. Receipts to the 

Federal Old-Age and Survivors Insurance, Federal Disability 

Insurance, and Federal Hospital Insurance trust funds 

changed by $0.7 billion, $0.1 billion, and $1.5 billion 

respectively. There was a -$7.8 billion accounting 

adjustment for prior years employment tax liabilities made 

in the first quarter of fiscal year 2009, while there was a 

-$2.0 billion adjustment in the first quarter of fiscal year 

2008. 

Unemployment insurance—Unemployment insurance 

receipts, net of refunds, for the first quarter of fiscal year 

2009 were $5.2 billion, a decrease of $0.4 billion over the 

comparable quarter of fiscal year 2008. Net State taxes 

deposited in the U.S. Treasury decreased by $0.4 billion to 

$4.5 billion. Net Federal Unemployment Tax Act taxes 

decreased by $0.1 billion to $0.8 billion. 
FEDERAL FISCAL OPERATIONS 

March 2009 

10 

Budget Results and Financing of the U.S. Government 

and First-Quarter Receipts by Source, con.

Contributions for other insurance and retirement—

Contributions for other retirement were $1.1 billion for the 

first quarter of fiscal year 2009. This was a negligible 

change from the comparable quarter of fiscal year 2008. 

Excise taxes—Net excise tax receipts for the first 

quarter of fiscal year 2009 were $14.4 billion, a decrease of 

$1.6 billion over the comparable prior year quarter. Total 

excise tax refunds for the quarter were $0.4 billion, a 

decrease of $0.1 billion over the comparable prior year 

quarter. 

Estate and gift taxes—Net estate and gift tax receipts 

were $6.6 billion for the first quarter of fiscal year 2009. 

These receipts represent a decrease of $0.4 billion over the 

same quarter in fiscal year 2008. 

Customs duties—Customs duties net of refunds were 

$6.9 billion for the first quarter of fiscal year 2009. This is a 

decrease of $0.2 billion over the comparable prior year 

quarter. 

Miscellaneous receipts—Net miscellaneous receipts 

for the first quarter of fiscal year 2009 were $13.9 billion, an 

increase of $2.1 billion over the comparable prior year 

quarter. This change is due in part to deposits of earnings by 

Federal Reserve banks increasing by $2.0 billion.

Total On- and Off-Budget Results and Financing of the U.S. Government 

[In millions of dollars. Source: “Monthly Treasury Statement of Receipts and Outlays of the United States Government”] 

 First quarter 

 Oct. - Dec. 

Actual fiscal 

year to date 2009 

Total on- and off-budget results: 

Total receipts ............................................................... 547,440 547,440

On-budget receipts .................................................. 403,414 403,414

Off-budget receipts .................................................. 144,026 144,026

Total outlays................................................................. 1,032,638 1,032,638

On-budget outlays.................................................... 941,184 941,184

Off-budget outlays.................................................... 91,453 91,453

Total surplus or deficit (-) ............................................. -485,198 -485,198

On-budget surplus or deficit (-)................................ -537,771 -537,771

Off-budget surplus or deficit (-)................................ 52,573 52,573

Means of financing: 

Borrowing from the public............................................ 560,894 560,894

Reduction of operating cash........................................ 4,961 4,961

Other means ................................................................ -80,657 -80,657

Total on- and off-budget financing........................... 485,198 485,198

First-Quarter Net Budget Receipts by Source, Fiscal Year 2009 

[In billions of dollars. Source: “Monthly Treasury Statement of Receipts and Outlays of the United States Government”] 

Source Oct. Nov. Dec. 

Individual income taxes...................................................... 86.3 60.1 108.9 

Corporate income taxes..................................................... 0.1 2.0 48.3 

Employment and general retirement.................................. 62.3 67.2 64.2 

Unemployment insurance .................................................. 2.0 3.0 0.2 

Contributions for other insurance and retirement .............. 0.4 0.3 0.4 

Excise taxes ....................................................................... 3.9 5.3 5.2 

Estate and gift taxes .......................................................... 2.1 2.3 2.2 

Customs duties .................................................................. 2.6 2.2 2.0 

Miscellaneous receipts....................................................... 5.1 2.4 6.4

Total budget receipts ..................................................... 164.8 144.8 237.8

Note.—Detail may not add to totals due to independent rounding. 
FEDERAL FISCAL OPERATIONS 

March 2009 

11

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

Individual

income

taxes

Social

insurance

and

retirement

receipts

Corporate

income

taxes

Excise taxes Misc. 

receipts 

Customs

duties

Estate/gift

taxes

* Prior-year data are for the comparable year.

2008

2007 *

CHART FFO-B.—

Budget Receipts by Source, Fiscal Year to Date, 2007-2008

(In billions of dollars) 

CHART FFO-A.—

Monthly Receipts and Outlays, 2007-2008

(In billions of dollars) 

-50

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

DJ F MAMJ J A SOND

On-budget

receipts

Off-budget

receipts

On-budget

outlays

Off-budget

outlays
FEDERAL FISCAL OPERATIONS 

March 2009 

12 

TABLE FFO-1.—Summary of Fiscal Operations 

[In millions of dollars. Source: “Monthly Treasury Statement of Receipts and Outlays of the United States Government”] 

Total on-budget and off-budget results 

Fiscal year 

or month 

Total receipts

 (1) 

 Onbudget 

 receipts 

 (2) 

 Off-budget

 receipts 

 (3) 

Total 

outlays 

(4) 

On-budget 

outlays 

(5) 

Off-budget 

outlays 

(6) 

Total 

surplus or

deficit (-)

(7) 

On-budget 

surplus or 

deficit (-) 

(8) 

Off-budget 

surplus or

deficit (-)

(9) 

Means of 

financing 

– net transactions

Borrowing from

the public–

Federal securities

Public debt

securities 

(10) 

 

2004 ............................ 1,879,784 1,345,040 534,744 2,292,770 1,913,259 379,512 -412,986 -568,219 155,233 595,064 

2005 ............................ 2,153,350 1,575,874 577,475 2,471,647 2,069,437 402,210 -318,298 -493,562 175,265 551,329 

2006 ............................ 2,406,675 1,798,293 608,382 2,654,873 2,232,804 422,069 -248,197 -434,510 186,313 546,436 

2007 ............................ r 2,567,672 r 1,932,584 635,088 r 2,729,199 r 2,275,562 453,636 r -161,527 r -342,978 181,452 499,976 

2008 ............................ r 2,523,638 r 1,865,593 658,045 r 2,978,433 r 2,503,674 r 474,759 r -454,795 r -638,081 r 183,286 1,035,015 

 2009 - Est.................... 2,651,363 1,968,990 682,373 3,133,202 2,631,725 501,477 -481,839 -662,735 180,896 814,784 

 2007- Dec.................... 276,982 227,125 49,857 228,721 235,395 -6,674 48,261 -8,270 56,531 79,026 

2008 - Jan ................... 255,217 191,181 64,036 237,379 193,589 43,790 17,839 -2,408 20,246 11,103 

Feb .................. 105,723 53,495 52,229 281,287 232,181 49,106 -175,563 -178,686 3,123 119,605 

Mar .................. 178,816 120,840 57,976 227,028 177,070 49,958 -48,212 -56,230 8,018 82,503 

Apr................... 403,751 333,059 70,692 244,469 199,021 45,448 159,282 134,038 25,244 -59,357 

May.................. 124,272 70,392 53,880 290,199 239,019 51,180 -165,927 -168,628 2,700 25,284 

June................. 259,912 199,010 60,902 226,365 228,631 -2,266 33,547 -29,621 63,168 103,474 

July .................. 160,494 110,050 50,444 263,261 217,179 46,082 -102,767 -107,129 4,362 91,775 

Aug .................. 157,016 106,449 50,567 268,930 218,692 50,237 -111,914 -112,243 330 60,044 

Sept................. r 272,224 r 218,141 54,083 r 226,487 r 169,526 r 56,961 r 45,737 r 48,614 r -2,877 376,498 

Oct................... 164,846 117,998 46,849 402,024 354,566 47,457 -237,177 -236,569 -608 546,654 

Nov .................. 144,782 94,377 50,405 309,179 258,676 50,503 -164,397 -164,299 -98 88,115 

Dec .................. 237,811 191,039 46,772 321,435 327,942 -6,507 -83,624 -136,903 53,279 41,709 

 Fiscal year 2009 to date ... 547,439 403,414 144,026 1,032,638 941,184 91,453 -485,198 -537,771 52,573 676,478 

 

Means of financing—net transactions, con. 

Borrowing from the publicFederal securities, con. Cash and monetary assets (deduct) 

Fiscal year 

or month 

Agency 

securities 

(11) 

Investments 

 of 

Government 

accounts 

(12) 

Total 

10+11-12

(13) 

U.S. Treasury 

operating 

cash 

(14) 

Special 

drawing

rights 

(15) 

Other 

(16) 

Reserve 

position on the

U.S. quota in 

the 

IMF (deduct)

 (17) 

Other 

(18) 

Transactions 

not applied 

to year’s 

surplus or 

deficit 

(19) 

Total 

Financing 

(20) 

 

2004 ...................................... -1,769 213,677 379,618 1,390 720 -23,669 -4,630 6,517 662 412,986 

2005 ...................................... -547 254,096 296,687 -669 -4,537 -182 -6,195 9,250 778 318,298 

2006 ...................................... -245 309,215 236,975 16,447 410 196 -6,626 20,983 666 248,197 

2007 ...................................... -433 293,218 206,325 23,110 646 1,314 -2,157 -22,667 782 r 161,527 

2008 ...................................... r 145 267,438 r 767,722 r 296,371 r 117 1,552 r 286 -15,354 759 r 454,795 2009 - Est.............................. 226 277,302 537,707 - * * * -55,868 * 481,839 2007 - Dec ............................ 47 88,048 -8,975 48,431 -60 -86 -172 8,727 100 -48,261 

2008 - Jan ............................. -43 14,724 -3,664 13,296 90 -219 -7 -1,015 - -17,839 

Feb ............................ -124 -8,106 127,587 -59,244 121 31 43 -11,073 - 175,563 

Mar ............................ 486 6,685 76,304 35,111 204 730 21 7,749 225 48,212 

Apr............................. -302 28,843 -88,501 94,569 -125 90 -48 23,705 - -159,282 

May ........................... 8 -8,422 33,713 -126,805 4 240 859 6,512 - 165,927 

June .......................... 356 97,463 6,367 39,414 78 305 125 -107 115 -33,547 

July............................ -183 -24,999 116,591 8,240 -77 320 -304 -5,645 - 102,767 

Aug............................ -101 -15,069 75,012 -54,683 -278 -176 -159 -18,418 24 111,914 

Sept........................... -139 41,472 334,887 364,735 -77 509 -25 -15,777 295 r -45,737 

Oct............................. 2,465 54,614 494,505 243,350 -417 440 -314 -14,269 - 237,177 

Nov............................ -2,317 -5,478 91,276 -112,502 23 -28 2,908 -36,478 - 164,397 

Dec............................ 100 66,695 -24,887 -135,809 317 577 339 -26,255 190 83,624 Fiscal year 2009 to date ....... 248 115,831 560,894 -4,961 -77 989 2,933 -77,002 190 485,198 

 

Note.—These estimates are based on the Fiscal Year 2009 “Budget of the U.S. Government,” 

released by the Office of Management and Budget on July 28, 2008. 

Detail may not add to totals due to rounding. 
FEDERAL FISCAL OPERATIONS 

March 2009 

13

TABLE FFO-2.—On-Budget and Off-Budget Receipts by Source 

[In millions of dollars. Source: “Monthly Treasury Statement of Receipts and Outlays of the United States Government”] 

Income taxes 

Individual Corporation 

Social insurance 

and retirement receipts

 Employment and general retirement 

Old-age, disability, and 

hospital insurance 

Fiscal year 

or month 

Withheld 

(1) 

Other 

(2) 

Refunds 

(3) 

 Net 

 (4) 

 Gross 

 (5) 

Refunds

(6) 

Net 

 (7) 

Net income 

taxes 

(8) 

 Gross 

 (9) 

 

Refunds

 (10) 

 Net 

 (11) 

 

2004 .................. 753,260 243,324 187,626 808,958 230,619 41,250 189,370 998,328 686,313 980 685,333 

2005 .................. 786,559 320,942 180,279 927,222 307,095 28,814 278,281 1,205,503 746,129 2,585 743,544 

2006 .................. 848,954 387,307 192,354 1,043,908 380,925 27,010 353,915 1,397,823 788,024 2,213 785,810 

2007 .................. r 928,583 r 437,668 202,779 1,163,472 395,534 25,292 370,243 1,533,715 822,216 2,220 819,996 

2008 .................. 970,195 455,398 279,845 r 1,145,748 354,293 49,947 304,346 1,450,093 854,485 2,461 852,024 

 

2009 - Est.......... 1,250,360 - - 1,250,360 304,063 - 304,063 1,554,423 876,697 - 876,697 

2007 - Dec......... 106,925 7,338 1,606 112,657 87,770 3,891 83,879 196,536 66,595 - 66,595 

2008 - Jan ......... 87,249 65,071 3,483 148,838 10,579 4,519 6,060 154,898 82,287 - 82,287 

Feb ........ 88,645 4,022 68,267 24,400 4,995 6,687 -1,692 22,708 67,066 - 67,066 

Mar ........ 89,041 11,008 43,417 56,632 37,997 5,428 32,569 89,201 73,443 - 73,443 

Apr......... 75,392 214,619 45,985 244,025 48,105 6,433 41,672 285,697 91,281 - 91,281 

May........ 71,492 7,805 57,645 21,651 8,784 1,737 7,046 28,697 68,472 - 68,472 

June....... 73,436 54,806 19,688 108,554 61,970 3,642 58,328 166,882 78,458 - 78,458 

July ........ 76,858 6,581 17,314 66,124 12,492 2,210 10,282 76,406 64,842 - 64,842 

Aug ........ 70,653 4,611 5,001 70,263 5,466 1,549 3,917 74,180 65,051 - 65,051 

Sept....... 76,035 59,089 3,527 131,597 58,537 4,906 53,631 185,228 73,309 2,461 70,848 

Oct......... 79,525 14,554 7,756 86,323 9,926 9,845 81 86,404 61,916 - 61,916 

Nov ........ 67,870 3,663 11,437 60,095 4,209 2,215 1,994 62,089 66,825 - 66,825 

Dec ........ 103,431 8,187 2,738 108,880 51,345 3,052 48,293 157,173 63,790 - 63,790 

 

Fiscal year 2009 

 to date................ 250,826 26,404 21,931 255,298 65,480 15,112 50,368 305,666 192,531 - 192,531 

 

Social insurance and retirement receipts, con. 

Employment and general retirement, con. Unemployment insurance Net for other insurance and retirement

Railroad retirement 

Fiscal year 

or month 

Gross 

(12) 

Refunds 

(13) 

Net 

(14) 

Net employment 

and general 

retirement 

(15) 

Gross 

(16) 

 Refunds 

 (17) 

 Net un- 

 employment 

 insurance 

 (18) 

Federal 

employees 

retirement 

(19) 

Other 

retirement 

(20) 

Total

(21) 

 

2004 ............................ 4,030 5 4,026 689,359 39,582 129 39,453 4,545 51 4,596 

2005 ............................ 4,123 3 4,119 747,663 42,120 119 42,001 4,409 50 4,460 

2006 ............................ 4,234 2 4,231 790,042 43,559 139 43,420 4,308 50 4,358 

2007 ............................ 4,263 2 4,261 824,257 41,216 125 41,091 4,207 51 4,258 

2008 ............................ 4,445 r 12 r 4,433 856,457 r 39,642 r 115 r 39,527 4,121 r 44 4,165 

 

2009 - Est.................... 4,303 - 4,303 881,000 45,672 - 45,672 4,752 26 4,778 

 

2007 - Dec .................. 394 1 393 66,989 265 6 259 345 4 349 

2008 - Jan ................... 394 * 394 82,681 2,143 4 2,139 366 4 370 

Feb.................. 454 * 454 67,520 2,993 3 2,989 322 4 327 

Mar.................. 439 * 439 73,882 366 14 353 321 4 325 

Apr................... 383 2 380 91,661 7,682 18 7,663 321 4 325 

May ................. 418 - 418 68,890 12,759 13 12,746 391 3 394 

June ................ -68 * -68 78,390 696 10 686 318 3 322 

July.................. 436 1 435 65,277 2,827 12 2,815 384 3 387 

Aug.................. 389 * 389 65,440 4,500 13 4,487 316 4 320 

Sept................. 459 * 459 71,307 r 2 9 r -7 323 4 327 

Oct................... 388 - 388 62,304 2,014 6 2,007 391 3 394 

Nov.................. 383 * 383 67,208 2,980 4 2,976 319 3 322 

Dec.................. 369 * 368 64,158 245 3 242 391 3 394 

 

Fiscal year 2009 to date.... 1,140 * 1,139 193,670 5,239 13 5,225 1,101 9 1,110 

 

See footnote at end of table. 
FEDERAL FISCAL OPERATIONS 

March 2009 

14 

Net miscellaneous receipts 

Estate and gift taxes Customs duties Total receipts 

Fiscal year 

or month 

Excise 

taxes, con.

Net excise 

taxes 

(35) 

 Gross 

 (36) 

 Refunds

 (37) 

Net 

(38) 

Gross 

(39) 

Refunds

(40) 

Net 

(41) 

Deposits of 

earnings by 

Federal 

Reserve banks

(42) 

Universal 

service fund

and all 

other 

(43) 

Total 

(44) 

On-budget 

(45) 

Off-budget

(46) 

 

2004 ....................... 69,855 25,579 749 24,831 21,806 723 21,083 19,652 12,628 32,280 1,345,040 534,744 

2005 ....................... 73,093 25,606 841 24,764 24,198 820 23,378 19,297 13,190 32,487 1,575,874 577,475 

2006 ....................... 73,962 28,688 811 27,877 25,701 891 24,810 29,945 14,439 44,384 1,798,293 608,382 

2007 ....................... 65,069 26,978 934 26,044 27,548 1,538 26,010 32,043 r 15,185 47,228 r 1,932,584 635,088 

2008 ....................... r 67,334 r 29,824 r 980 28,844 r 28,537 r 969 r 27,568 r 33,598 r 16,049 r 49,647 r 1,8 65,593 658,045 

2009 -Est................ 67,837 26,074 - 26,074 28,297 - 28,297 27,087 16,195 43,282 1,968,990 682,373 

 

2007 - Dec.............. 5,718 2,527 66 2,460 2,211 84 2,127 1,486 1,058 2,545 227,125 49,857 

2008 - Jan ............. 5,032 2,395 60 2,336 2,295 61 2,234 4,125 1,403 5,529 191,181 64,036 

Feb ............. 4,921 1,890 69 1,820 2,280 57 2,223 2,063 1,151 3,214 53,495 52,229 

Mar ............. 5,500 2,510 105 2,405 2,172 102 2,070 3,801 1,278 5,079 120,840 57,976 

Apr.............. 5,636 4,735 105 4,630 2,177 101 2,075 4,802 1,261 6,063 333,059 70,692 

May ............ 5,262 2,089 95 1,994 2,223 65 2,158 2,990 1,140 4,130 70,392 53,880 

June ........... 5,942 2,371 73 2,298 2,397 91 2,306 1,952 1,134 3,086 199,010 60,902 

July............. 5,933 2,605 69 2,536 2,732 54 2,678 2,995 1,466 4,461 110,050 50,444 

Aug............. 5,384 1,930 79 1,851 2,306 80 2,226 1,233 1,895 3,128 106,449 50,567 

Sept............ 7,684 2,140 96 2,044 2,585 102 2,483 1,917 r 1,241 r 3,158 r 218,141 54,083 

Oct.............. 3,911 2,181 85 2,097 2,727 94 2,633 3,607 1,489 5,097 117,998 46,849 

Nov............. 5,321 2,387 112 2,274 2,310 85 2,225 1,333 1,033 2,366 94,377 50,405 

Dec............. 5,185 2,293 107 2,186 2,165 127 2,038 4,826 1,609 6,435 191,039 46,772 

 

Fiscal year 2009 

 to date........................ 14,417 6,861 304 6,557 7,202 306 6,896 9,766 4,131 13,898 403,414 144,026 

Note.—These estimates are based on the Fiscal Year 2009 “Budget of the U.S. 

Government,” released by the Office of Management and Budget on July 28, 2008. 

* Less than $500,000. 

Detail may not add to totals due to rounding. 

TABLE FFO-2.—On-Budget and Off-Budget Receipts by Source, con. 

[In millions of dollars. Source: “Monthly Treasury Statement of Receipts and Outlays of the United States Government”] 

Excise taxes 

Airport and Airway Trust Fund 

Black Lung Disability 

Trust Fund Highway Trust Fund Miscellaneous 

Fiscal year 

or month 

Social 

insurance 

and retirement

receipts, con.

Net social 

insurance and 

retirement 

receipts 

(22) 

Gross 

(23) 

Refunds 

 (24) 

 Net 

 (25) 

Gross

(26) 

Refunds

(27) 

Net 

(28) 

Gross

(29) 

Refunds

(30) 

 Net 

 (31) 

 Gross 

 (32) 

 Refunds

 (33) 

 Net

 (34) 

 

2004............................ 733,408 9,230 56 9,174 566 - 566 35,725 1,014 34,711 26,260 856 25,404

2005............................ 794,123 10,415 101 10,314 610 - 610 38,897 1,007 37,890 25,272 994 24,278

2006............................ 837,820 10,531 105 10,425 607 - 607 39,433 891 38,543 25,509 1,123 24,386

2007............................ 869,607 11,535 67 11,468 639 - 639 40,402 1,040 39,362 18,734 5,134 13,600

2008............................ r 900,150 r 12,048 56 r 11,992 653 - 653 r 37,441 r 1,057 r 36,385 r 19,742 r 1,438 r 18,304 

2009 - Est ................... 931,450 12,217 - 12,217 653 - 653 38,659 - 38,659 16,308 - 16,308 

2007 - Dec .................. 67,597 945 - 945 54 - 54 3,407 - 3,407 1,445 133 1,312

2008 - Jan................... 85,190 870 - 870 49 - 49 3,134 - 3,134 1,049 69 979

Feb.................. 70,836 1,062 - 1,062 78 - 78 3,162 - 3,162 1,112 492 619

Mar.................. 74,560 864 30 834 58 - 58 3,170 335 2,835 1,518 -256 1,773

Apr .................. 99,649 901 - 901 60 - 60 3,298 - 3,298 1,458 82 1,376

May ................. 82,030 947 9 938 45 - 45 2,160 294 1,865 2,554 140 2,413

June ................ 79,398 1,074 - 1,074 54 - 54 3,251 - 3,251 1,669 107 1,562

July.................. 68,479 1,054 - 1,054 53 - 53 3,190 - 3,190 1,701 65 1,637

Aug.................. 70,247 1,143 12 1,131 32 - 32 2,689 289 2,400 1,955 134 1,821

Sept................. r 71,626 1,764 5 1,759 100 - 100 5,574 138 5,436 515 126 389

Oct .................. 64,706 265 - 265 14 - 14 912 - 912 2,782 63 2,720

Nov.................. 70,506 942 - 942 53 - 53 3,171 - 3,171 1,293 137 1,155

Dec.................. 64,794 898 - 898 50 - 50 3,021 - 3,021 1,384 169 1,216

 

Fiscal year 2009 to date.. 200,006 2,105 - 2,105 117 - 117 7,104 - 7,104 5,459 369 5,091

 
FEDERAL FISCAL OPERATIONS 

March 2009 

15

TABLE FFO-3.—On-Budget and Off-Budget Outlays by Agency 

[In millions of dollars. Source: “Monthly Treasury Statement of Receipts and Outlays of the United States Government”] 

Fiscal year 

or month 

Legislative 

branch 

(1) 

Judicial 

branch 

(2) 

Department of 

Agriculture 

(3) 

Department of 

Commerce

(4) 

Department of

Defense, 

military 

(5) 

 Depart-

 ment of 

Education

 (6) 

 Depart-

 ment of

 Energy

 (7) 

 Depart- 

 ment of 

 Health 

 and 

 Human 

 Services

 (8) 

 Depart-

 ment of 

 Home- 

 land 

 Security 

 (9) 

Department of 

Housing 

and 

Urban 

Development 

(10) 

 Depart- 

 ment of

 the 

 Interior

 (11) 

Department of

Justice

(12) 

 Depart-

 ment of

 Labor

 (13) 

 

2004 ....................... 3,900 5,393 71,572 5,829 437,043 62,779 19,894 542,812 26,802 44,989 8,615 29,576 56,679

2005 ....................... 3,995 5,543 85,333 6,147 474,374 72,857 21,274 581,463 38,717 42,448 9,288 22,366 46,943

2006 ....................... 4,129 5,820 93,533 6,374 499,350 93,427 19,653 614,313 69,100 42,434 9,063 23,320 43,139

2007 ....................... r 4,307 6,008 r 84,427 6,479 r 528,590 66,372 20,117 672,036 39,172 45,559 r 10,497 23,351 47,543

2008 ....................... r 4,429 6,341 r 90,786 r 7,726 r 594,680 r 65,957 r 21,404 r 700,501 40,683 r 49,086 r 9,880 r 26,544 r 58,840

 

2009 - Est............... 4,962 6,981 100,547 9,821 656,722 64,624 24,448 739,241 46,087 45,501 9,847 26,791 69,001

 

2007 - Dec.............. 323 487 9,931 691 49,174 4,501 2,209 44,631 2,949 4,206 1,001 2,296 4,995

2008 - Jan .............. 406 502 9,269 608 44,309 7,581 1,243 56,579 3,202 3,890 912 2,412 5,302

Feb ............. 342 511 7,269 599 48,199 7,055 1,859 68,807 3,196 3,545 827 1,919 4,695

Mar ............. 353 469 7,345 525 44,512 4,907 1,059 46,289 3,427 3,755 825 2,140 3,854

Apr.............. 512 509 5,276 511 48,986 4,572 2,384 62,436 3,173 3,687 575 2,187 5,895

May............. 351 602 5,972 643 51,253 8,758 2,390 73,706 3,126 7,316 711 2,006 6,870

June............ 352 560 6,085 r 887 45,880 4,542 1,073 45,114 3,918 3,873 869 2,255 3,801

July ............. 359 520 5,762 670 51,475 3,853 1,823 62,356 3,203 3,654 1,011 2,278 5,745

Aug ............. 345 529 6,872 719 51,647 4,630 553 71,118 3,388 3,536 437 1,993 5,863

Sept ............ 389 546 6,271 671 52,024 5,549 4,522 46,577 4,169 r 3,411 r 978 2,296 r 5,528

Oct.............. 378 706 14,704 748 66,078 5,609 2,184 76,469 5,060 3,884 889 2,292 6,492

Nov ............. 343 473 8,064 745 45,627 4,286 1,620 44,875 4,419 3,685 880 2,262 5,566

Dec ............. 706 528 11,518 1,119 60,484 6,042 2,027 63,502 5,907 4,145 988 2,570 8,913

 

Fiscal year 2009 to 

 date ......................... 1,427 1,707 34,286 2,612 172,189 15,937 5,831 184,846 15,386 11,714 2,757 7,124 20,971

 

Fiscal year 

or month 

Department of 

State 

(14) 

Department of 

Transportation 

(15) 

Department 

of the 

Treasury, 

interest on 

Treasury 

debt 

securities 

(gross) 

(16) 

Department 

of the 

Treasury, other

(17) 

Department of 

Veterans 

Affairs 

(18) 

Corps of 

Engineers 

(19) 

Other 

Defense,

civil 

programs

(20) 

Environmental 

Protection 

Agency 

(21) 

Executive 

Office 

 of the 

President 

(22) 

General 

Services 

Administration

(23) 

International 

Assistance 

Program

(24) 

 

2004 ....................... 10,925 54,872 321,566 54,330 59,585 4,732 41,732 8,329 3,349 -452 13,660 

2005 ....................... 12,754 56,597 352,350 57,927 69,844 4,720 43,484 7,911 7,689 17 15,034 

2006 ....................... 12,957 60,141 405,872 58,873 69,808 6,946 44,435 8,322 5,378 22 13,945 

2007 ....................... 13,749 61,701 429,978 60,623 72,820 3,918 47,112 8,258 2,957 32 12,764 

2008 ....................... r 17,505 r 64,945 r 451,154 r 97,665 r 84,783 r 5,077 r 45,784 r 7,938 1,172 342 r 11,403 

2009 - Est............... 22,872 70,479 449,070 66,055 94,084 10,258 52,210 7,999 703 722 16,757 

2007 - Dec ............. 1,806 5,282 106,138 2,576 6,704 437 4,021 714 152 38 800 

2008 - Jan .............. 1,295 4,076 24,687 5,088 3,511 507 4,193 687 140 29 3,647 

Feb............. 1,154 4,091 20,037 32,303 9,943 447 4,010 630 110 17 644 

Mar............. 1,357 4,935 23,024 13,084 4,141 376 3,993 713 92 189 341 

Apr.............. r 668 4,406 22,362 9,523 7,058 333 3,232 576 93 -12 1,784 

May ............ 2,244 5,428 22,388 19,226 11,017 371 3,771 675 80 135 -331 

June ........... 1,220 5,965 110,973 15,380 3,372 364 3,864 637 72 24 1,015 

July............. 1,284 6,521 24,068 2,000 7,261 483 3,948 570 82 -4 1,244 

Aug............. 1,892 6,169 29,937 1,806 10,236 500 3,074 697 272 -97 542 

Sept............ 1,347 6,881 19,883 r -5,771 4,284 487 3,875 695 -130 -34 r 2,282 

Oct.............. 2,372 6,606 18,984 116,733 11,568 634 3,922 645 82 20 2,344 

Nov............. 1,697 5,318 18,559 91,285 4,059 629 5,238 653 40 -73 2,215 

Dec............. 2,037 6,253 97,775 53,764 10,969 906 5,683 743 55 65 -175 

Fiscal year 2009 to 

 date ......................... 6,106 18,177 135,318 261,782 26,596 2,169 14,843 2,041 177 12 4,384 

See footnote at end of table.
FEDERAL FISCAL OPERATIONS 

March 2009 

16 

TABLE FFO-3.—On-Budget and Off-Budget Outlays by Agency, con. 

[In millions of dollars. Source: “Monthly Treasury Statement of Receipts and Outlays of the United States Government”] 

Undistributed offsetting receipts 

Total outlays 

Fiscal year 

or month 

National 

Aeronautics

and 

Space 

Administration 

(25) 

National 

Science 

Foundation 

(26) 

Office of 

Personnel 

Management 

(27) 

Small 

Business 

Administration 

(28) 

Social 

Security

Administration

(29) 

Independent 

agencies

(30) 

Employer 

share, 

employee 

retirement 

(31) 

Interest 

received 

by trust 

funds 

(32) 

Rents 

and 

royalties 

on the 

Outer 

Continental Shelf 

lands 

(33) 

Other 

(34) 

Onbudget 

(35) 

Offbudget 

(36) 

 

2004 .................. 15,150 5,116 56,545 4,077 530,209 5,686 -53,430 -153,986 -5,105 * 1,913,259 379,512 

2005 .................. 15,600 5,432 59,500 2,503 561,333 14,419 -58,919 -160,992 -6,144 -160 2,069,437 402,210 

2006 .................. 15,125 5,541 62,400 905 585,742 12,351 -60,856 -169,295 -7,282 -113 2,232,803 422,069 

2007 .................. r 15,861 5,529 r 58,431 1,175 621,761 18,271 -61,774 -177,963 -6,762 -13,700 r 2,275,562 453,636 

2008 .................. 17,834 r 5,848 64,393 527 r 657,799 r 45,196 -66,178 r -191,537 -18,285 r-1,790 r 2,503,674 r 474,759

 

2009 - Est.......... 18,186 6,439 68,461 876 699,976 31,873 -68,308 -201,717 -13,953 -4,413 2,631,725 501,477 

 

2007 - Dec ........ 1,548 451 5,352 73 53,638 2,341 -4,084 -85,937 -721 * 235,395 -6,674

2008 - Jan ......... 1,216 394 5,987 78 50,648 1,843 -4,472 -1,180 -1,208 -1 193,589 43,790 

Feb........ 1,264 429 5,843 -268 57,598 2,369 -4,316 -1,509 -2,328 -5 232,181 49,106 

Mar........ 1,486 463 6,061 66 51,620 1,841 -4,201 -720 -1,288 * 177,070 49,958 

Apr......... 1,541 396 6,390 61 54,759 484 -4,094 -2,931 -2,863 -1 199,021 45,448 

May ....... 1,593 440 5,331 69 59,244 2,226 -4,591 -1,543 -1,279 * 239,019 51,180 

June ...... 1,618 513 5,432 79 55,573 -1,560 -4,285 -88,768 -2,555 -1,780 228,631 -2,266

July........ 1,550 658 6,039 63 55,137 17,865 -4,537 -1,560 -2,119 -1 r 217,179 46,082 

Aug........ 1,446 609 6,206 89 58,821 3,528 -4,506 -3,114 -809 * 218,692 50,237 

Sept....... 1,872 570 400 75 52,131 r 11,560 -4,407 -1,030 -1,413 * r 169,526 r 56,961

Oct......... 1,483 477 6,008 82 59,153 6,380 -18,701 -1,906 -357 * 354,566 47,457 

Nov........ 1,426 492 5,604 81 52,073 10,777 -4,260 52 -144 -9,389 258,676 50,503 

Dec........ 1,810 452 5,335 101 58,693 304 -4,968 -86,222 -594 - 327,942 -6,507

 

Fiscal year 2009 

to date ............... 4,719 1,421 16,947 264 169,919 17,461 -27,929 -88,076 -1,095 -9,389 941,184 91,453 

 

Note.—These estimates are based on the Fiscal Year 2009 “Budget of the U.S. 

Government,” released by the Office of Management and Budget on July 28, 2008. 

* Less than $500,000. 

Detail may not add to totals due to rounding. 
FEDERAL FISCAL OPERATIONS 

March 2009 

17

TABLE FFO-4.—Summary of U.S. Government Receipts by Source and Outlays by Agency, 

December 2008 and Other Periods 

[In millions of dollars. Source: Financial Management Service] 

This fiscal year to date Prior fiscal year to date 

Classification 

General 

funds 

(1) 

Management, 

consolidated, 

revolving and 

special funds

(2) 

Trust 

funds 

(3) 

 Total 

 funds 

 (4) 

 General

 funds 

 (5) 

Management, 

consolidated, 

revolving and 

special funds 

(6) 

Trust 

funds 

(7) 

Total 

funds 

(8) 

Budget receipts: 

Individual income taxes............................................... 255,292 6 - 255,298 273,659 4 - 273,663

Corporation income taxes........................................... 50,368 - - 50,368 92,532 - - 92,532

Social insurance and retirement receipts: 

Employment and general retirement (off-budget)... - - 144,026 144,026 - - 143,236 143,236

Employment and general retirement (on-budget)... - - 49,645 49,645 - - 48,172 48,172

Unemployment insurance ....................................... - - 5,225 5,225 - - 5,657 5,657

Other retirement...................................................... - - 1,110 1,110 - - 1,069 1,069

Excise taxes ................................................................ 4,316 273 9,828 14,417 4,825 188 11,026 16,040

Estate and gift taxes ................................................... 6,557 - - 6,557 6,930 - - 6,930

Customs duties ........................................................... 4,222 2,273 402 6,897 4,611 2,114 389 7,114

Miscellaneous receipts................................................ 10,128 3,526 243 13,898 8,324 3,089 387 11,799

Total receipts....................................................... 330,882 6,079 210,479 547,439 390,882 5,395 209,936 606,212

(On-budget)..................................................... 330,882 6,079 66,453 403,414 390,882 5,395 66,700 462,976

(Off-budget)..................................................... - - 144,026 144,026 - - 143,236 143,236

 

Budget outlays: 

Legislative branch ....................................................... 1,104 318 5 1,427 1,032 -9 -2 1,021

Judicial branch ............................................................ 1,380 313 14 1,707 1,460 121 12 1,593

Department of Agriculture ........................................... 23,625 10,357 303 34,285 20,101 10,130 433 30,663

Department of Commerce........................................... 2,197 416 * 2,613 1,797 96 * 1,893

Department of Defense-military .................................. 170,480 1,702 8 172,189 153,005 3,340 51 156,396

Department of Education ............................................ 15,941 -7 3 15,937 14,514 -9 3 14,509

Department of Energy................................................. 6,320 -489 * 5,831 5,860 -1,362 * 4,499

Department of Health and Human Services ............... 129,377 * 55,470 184,846 120,314 60 47,144 167,517

Department of Homeland Security.............................. 13,505 1,812 69 15,385 10,308 -479 52 9,881

Department of Housing and Urban Development....... 11,821 -106 * 11,714 12,719 -297 -2 12,420

Department of the Interior........................................... 2,665 -54 147 2,757 2,325 304 106 2,735

Department of Justice ................................................. 6,543 650 -69 7,125 6,609 475 -26 7,058

Department of Labor................................................... 6,876 279 13,816 20,970 2,843 -610 9,055 11,288

Department of State.................................................... 5,864 111 131 6,106 4,547 321 178 5,046

Department of Transportation..................................... 2,668 -157 15,665 18,177 3,814 -136 12,794 16,472

Department of the Treasury: 

Interest on the public debt....................................... 135,318 - - 135,318 153,794 - - 153,794

Other ....................................................................... 262,129 -526 179 261,782 4,961 -78 142 5,025

Department of Veterans Affairs .................................. 26,968 -587 215 26,596 24,239 -465 187 23,961

Corps of Engineers ..................................................... 1,938 201 30 2,169 1,237 28 -58 1,207

Other defense civil programs...................................... 61,812 -8,220 -38,749 14,843 59,141 -12,104 -35,211 11,825

Environmental Protection Agency............................... 2,290 -71 -178 2,041 2,055 -10 14 2,059

Executive Office of the President................................ 177 * - 177 361 * * 361

General Services Administration ................................ 49 -36 - 13 29 66 - 95

International Assistance Program............................... 5,113 -152 -577 4,384 3,775 -295 -3,246 234

National Aeronautics and Space Administration ........ 4,723 -4 * 4,719 4,252 -3 * 4,249

National Science Foundation...................................... 1,384 27 11 1,422 1,349 21 4 1,374

Office of Personnel Management ............................... 2,216 -623 15,355 16,947 2,223 -520 15,002 16,704

Small Business Administration ................................... 265 * * 265 223 -9 * 214

Social Security Administration .................................... 16,782 -13 153,151 169,920 18,154 * 144,115 162,269

Other independent agencies....................................... 3,288 3,895 10,277 17,461 2,741 723 1,577 5,040

Undistributed offsetting receipts: 

Interest .................................................................... - - -88,076 -88,076 - - -89,181 -89,181

Other ....................................................................... -846 -20,283 -17,285 -38,413 -2,174 -11,746 -15,272 -29,193

Total outlays........................................................ 923,972 -11,249 119,915 1,032,638 637,606 -12,448 87,871 713,028

(On-budget)..................................................... 923,863 -10,845 28,166 941,184 637,606 -11,285 2,443 628,764

(Off-budget)..................................................... 109 -404 91,749 91,453 - -1,163 85,428 84,264

Surplus or deficit (-)............................................. -593,090 17,328 90,564 -485,198 -246,724 17,843 122,065 -106,816

(On-budget)..................................................... -592,981 16,923 38,287 -537,771 -246,724 16,679 64,256 -165,788

(Off-budget)..................................................... -109 404 52,277 52,572 - 1,163 57,809 58,972

- No transactions. 

* Less than $500,000. 

Note.—Detail may not add to totals due to rounding. 
March 2009 

18 

INTRODUCTION: Source and Availability of the 

Balance in the Account of the U.S. Treasury

The Department of the Treasury’s (Treasury’s) operating 

cash is maintained in accounts with the Federal Reserve 

banks (FRBs) and branches, as well as in tax and loan 

accounts in other financial institutions. Major information 

sources include FRBs, Treasury Regional Financial Centers, 

Internal Revenue Service Centers, Bureau of the Public 

Debt, and various electronic systems. As the FRB accounts 

are depleted, funds are called in (withdrawn) from thousands 

of tax and loan accounts at financial institutions throughout 

the country. 

Under authority of Public Law 95-147 (codified at 31 

United States Code 323), Treasury implemented a program 

on November 2, 1978, to invest a portion of its operating 

cash in obligations of depositaries maintaining tax and loan 

accounts. Under the Treasury tax and loan (TT&L) 

investment program, depositary financial institutions select 

the manner in which they will participate. Financial 

institutions wishing to retain funds deposited into their tax 

and loan accounts in interest-bearing obligations can 

participate. The program permits Treasury to collect funds 

through financial institutions and to leave the funds in TT&L 

depositaries and in the financial communities in which they 

arise until Treasury needs the funds for its operations. In this 

way, Treasury is able to neutralize the effect of its 

fluctuating operations on TT&L financial institution reserves 

and on the economy. Likewise, those institutions wishing to 

remit the funds to the Treasury account at FRBs do so as 

collector depositaries. 

Deposits to tax and loan accounts occur as customers of 

financial institutions deposit tax payments that the financial 

institutions use to purchase Government securities. In most 

cases, this involves a transfer of funds from a customer’s 

account to the tax and loan account in the same financial 

institution. Also, Treasury can direct the FRBs to invest 

excess funds in tax and loan accounts directly from the 

Treasury account at the FRBs. 

TABLE UST-1.—Elements of Change in Federal Reserve 

and Tax and Loan Note Account Balances 1

[In millions of dollars. Source: Financial Management Service] 

 Credits and withdrawals 

 Federal Reserve accounts 

 Credits 2 Tax and loan note accounts 

Fiscal year or month 

Received directly 

(1) 

Received through 

remittance option tax 

and loan depositaries 

(2) 

Withdrawals 3 

(3) 

Taxes 4 

(4) 

Withdrawals 

(transfers to Federal 

Reserve accounts) 

(5) 

 

2004 ................................................ 7,094,904 469,641 7,565,782 1,168,663 1,166,036 

2005 ................................................ 7,485,532 468,563 7,955,702 1,339,363 1,338,425 

2006 ................................................ 7,839,784 501,945 8,340,659 1,478,945 1,463,568 

2007 ................................................ 8,455,356 528,724 8,983,992 1,571,322 1,548,300 

2008 ................................................ 9,947,954 530,425 10,151,438 1,602,823 1,633,393 

 

2007 - Dec....................................... 680,387 59,953 728,889 199,675 162,694 

2008 - Jan ....................................... 746,426 44,251 801,024 128,702 105,059 

Feb ...................................... 863,418 37,176 901,942 120,623 178,518 

Mar ...................................... 770,080 45,335 814,287 152,098 118,114 

Apr....................................... 940,794 53,189 994,580 154,020 58,854 

May...................................... 898,793 37,593 936,721 108,037 234,507 

June..................................... 822,259 49,684 871,584 156,942 117,886 

July ...................................... 785,812 40,315 825,849 111,929 103,966 

Aug ...................................... 781,045 36,826 818,446 102,232 156,341 

Sept..................................... 1,248,995 48,868 970,065 152,727 115,790 

Oct....................................... 1,513,643 40,509 1,283,783 108,703 135,722 

Nov ...................................... 801,868 35,649 939,874 101,651 111,797 

Dec ...................................... 799,185 55,150 989,379 161,413 162,177 

 

See footnotes at end of table. 
ACCOUNT OF THE U.S. TREASURY 

March 2009 

19

TABLE UST-1.—Elements of Change in Federal Reserve 

and Tax and Loan Note Account Balances, con. 1

[In millions of dollars. Source: Financial Management Service] 

Balances 

 During period 

End of period High Low Average 

Fiscal year or month 

Federal 

Reserve 

(6) 

Tax and loan 

note 

accounts 

(7) 

Federal 

Reserve 

(8) 

Tax and loan

note 

accounts 

(9) 

Federal 

Reserve 

(10) 

Tax and loan 

note 

accounts 

(11) 

Federal 

Reserve 

(12) 

Tax and loan

note 

accounts 

(13) 

 

2004 ...................................... 5,987 30,362 7,900 51,834 1,592 19 5,341 14,464 

2005 ...................................... 4,381 31,300 9,849 78,251 3,159 30 5,025 19,819 

2006 ...................................... 5,451 46,676 7,507 93,784 2,637 78 5,019 20,614 

2007 ...................................... 5,539 69,698 29,504 98,264 3,239 75 5,216 23,961 

2008 ...................................... 32,988 39,129 32,988 135,752 2,973 - 5,181 17,751 

 

2007 - Dec............................. 16,120 40,855 16,120 60,329 3,924 671 5,867 24,354 

2008 - Jan ............................. 5,773 64,498 16,120 64,498 4,262 2,734 5,525 19,670 

Feb ............................ 4,424 6,603 6,052 50,127 2,992 94 4,830 13,358 

Mar ............................ 5,552 40,587 6,590 40,587 4,346 6,603 5,150 17,731 

Apr............................. 4,955 135,752 7,417 135,752 3,437 - 5,328 26,304 

May............................ 4,620 9,282 6,342 98,302 2,973 - 4,766 32,453 

June........................... 4,978 48,338 7,413 48,338 4,167 124 5,020 16,190 

July ............................ 5,256 56,300 6,720 56,300 4,024 241 5,070 9,714 

Aug ............................ 4,681 2,192 5,658 25,373 4,275 830 4,806 7,745 

Sept........................... 32,988 39,129 32,988 39,129 3,899 1,177 5,757 16,359 

Oct............................. 43,998 12,109 136,672 79,897 3,987 8,172 33,898 24,884 

Nov ............................ 66,385 1,964 91,193 12,109 17,355 1,722 55,834 5,209 

Dec ............................ 106,123 1,199 132,738 2,181 41,646 1,199 90,197 1,912 

 

 

1 This report does not include Supplementary Financing Program balances.

2

 Represents transfers from tax and loan note accounts, proceeds from sales of securities other 

than Government account series, and taxes. 

3

 Represents checks paid, wire transfer payments, drawdowns on letters of credit, redemptions 

of securities other than Government account series, and investment (transfer) of excess funds 

out of this account to the tax and loan note accounts. 

4 Taxes eligible for credit consist of those deposited by taxpayers in the tax and loan depositaries 

as follows: withheld income taxes beginning March 1948; taxes on employers and 

employees under the Federal Insurance Contributions Act beginning January 1950 

and under the Railroad Retirement Tax Act beginning July 1951; a number of excise 

taxes beginning July 1953; estimated corporation income taxes beginning April 

1967; all corporation income taxes due on or after March 15, 1968; Federal 

Unemployment Tax Act taxes beginning April 1970; and individual estimated income 

taxes beginning October 1988. 
March 2009 

20 

INTRODUCTION: Federal Debt 

Treasury securities (i.e., public debt securities) comprise 

most of the Federal debt, with securities issued by other 

Federal agencies accounting for the rest. Tables in this 

section of the “Treasury Bulletin” reflect the total. Further 

detailed information is published in the “Monthly Statement 

of the Public Debt of the United States.” Likewise, 

information on agency securities and on investments of 

Federal Government accounts in Federal securities is 

published in the “Monthly Treasury Statement of Receipts 

and Outlays of the United States Government.” 

Treasury’s Financial Management Service (FMS) 

compiles data in the “Treasury Bulletin” tables FD-2 and 

FD-6 from the “Monthly Statement of the Public Debt of the 

United States.” 

• Table FD-1 summarizes the Federal debt by listing 

public debt and agency securities held by the public, 

including the Federal Reserve. It also includes debt held by 

Federal agencies, largely by the Social Security and other 

Federal retirement trust funds. The net unamortized 

premium and discount also are listed by total Federal 

securities, securities held by Government accounts and 

securities held by the public. The difference between the 

outstanding face value of the Federal debt and the net 

unamortized premium and discount is classified as the 

accrual amount. (For greater detail on holdings of Federal 

securities by particular classes of investors, see the 

ownership tables, OFS-1 and OFS-2.) 

• Table FD-2 categorizes by type, that is, marketable 

and nonmarketable, the total public debt securities 

outstanding that are held by the public. 

• In table FD-3, nonmarketable Treasury securities 

held by U.S. Government accounts are summarized by 

issues to particular funds within Government. Many of the 

funds invest in par value special series nonmarketables at 

interest rates determined by law. Others invest in marketbased special Treasury securities whose terms mirror those 

of marketable securities. 

• Table FD-4 presents interest-bearing securities 

issued by Government agencies. Federal agency borrowing 

has declined in recent years, in part because the Federal 

Financing Bank has provided financing to other Federal 

agencies. (Federal agency borrowing from Treasury is 

presented in the “Monthly Treasury Statement of Receipts 

and Outlays of the United States Government.”) 

• Table FD-5 illustrates the average length of 

marketable interest-bearing public debt held by private 

investors and the maturity distribution of that debt. 

In March 1971, Congress enacted a limited exception to 

the amount of bonds with rates greater than 4-1/4 percent 

that could be held by the public. This permitted Treasury to 

offer securities maturing in more than 7 years at current 

market interest rates for the first time since 1965. In March 

1976, the definition of a bond was changed to include those 

securities longer than 10 years to maturity. This exception 

has expanded since 1971, authorizing Treasury to continue 

to issue long-term securities. The ceiling on Treasury bonds 

was repealed on November 10, 1988. 

The volume of privately held Treasury marketable 

securities by maturity class reflects the remaining period to 

maturity of Treasury bills, notes and bonds. The average 

length is comprised of an average of remaining periods to 

maturity, weighted by the amount of each security held by 

private investors. In other words, computations of average 

length exclude Government accounts and the FRBs. 

• In table FD-6, the debt ceiling is compared with the 

outstanding debt subject to limitation by law. The other debt 

category includes Federal debt Congress has designated as 

being subject to the debt ceiling. 

• Table FD-7 details Treasury holdings of securities 

issued by Government corporations and other agencies. 

Certain Federal agencies are authorized to borrow money 

from the Treasury, largely to finance direct loan programs. 

In addition, agencies such as the Bonneville Power 

Administration are authorized to borrow from the Treasury 

to finance capital projects. Treasury, in turn, finances these 

loans by selling Treasury securities to the public. 
FEDERAL DEBT 

March 2009 

21

TABLE FD-1.—Summary of Federal Debt

[In millions of dollars. Source: “Monthly Treasury Statement of Receipts and Outlays of the United States Government”] 

Securities held by 

Amount outstanding Government accounts The public 

End of fiscal 

year or month 

Total 

(1) 

Public debt 

securities 

(2) 

Agency 

securities 

(3) 

Total 

(4) 

Public debt 

securities 

(5) 

Agency

securities

(6) 

Total 

(7) 

Public debt 

securities 

(8) 

Agency

securities

(9) 

 

2004............................... 7,403,236 7,379,053 24,183 3,075,687 3,075,687 1 4,327,549 4,303,366 24,182 

2005............................... 7,956,346 7,932,710 23,637 3,331,333 3,331,332 1 4,625,013 4,601,378 23,636 

2006............................... 8,530,366 8,506,974 23,392 3,663,773 3,663,766 7 4,866,593 4,843,208 23,385 

2007............................... 9,030,612 9,007,653 22,959 3,958,417 3,958,411 6 5,072,195 5,049,242 22,953 

2008............................... 10,047,828 10,024,725 23,104 4,210,491 4,210,485 6 5,837,337 5,814,240 23,098 

 

2007 - Dec ..................... 9,252,317 9,229,172 23,145 4,092,890 4,092,884 6 5,159,427 5,136,288 23,139 

2008 - Jan...................... 9,261,110 9,238,008 23,102 4,105,795 4,105,789 6 5,155,315 5,132,219 23,096 

Feb..................... 9,381,029 9,358,051 22,978 4,098,349 4,098,344 6 5,282,680 5,259,707 22,972 

Mar..................... 9,461,058 9,437,594 23,464 4,103,552 4,103,546 6 5,357,506 5,334,048 23,458 

Apr ..................... 9,400,719 9,377,557 23,163 4,133,040 4,133,034 6 5,267,679 5,244,523 23,157 

May .................... 9,411,969 9,388,798 23,170 4,110,207 4,110,201 6 5,301,762 5,278,597 23,164 

June ................... 9,515,532 9,492,006 23,527 4,206,987 4,206,981 6 5,308,545 5,285,025 23,521 

July..................... 9,608,823 9,585,479 23,344 4,182,264 4,182,258 6 5,426,559 5,403,221 23,338 

Aug..................... 9,668,997 9,645,755 23,243 4,166,662 4,166,656 6 5,502,335 5,479,099 23,237 

Sept.................... 10,047,828 10,024,725 23,104 4,210,491 4,210,485 6 5,837,337 5,814,240 23,098 

Oct ..................... 10,599,663 10,574,094 25,569 4,266,386 4,266,380 6 6,333,277 6,307,714 25,563 

Nov..................... 10,684,427 10,661,175 23,252 4,260,586 4,260,581 6 6,423,841 6,400,594 23,246 

Dec..................... 10,723,156 10,699,805 23,352 4,327,160 4,327,154 6 6,395,996 6,372,651 23,346 

 

Federal debt securities Securities held by Government accounts Securities held by the public 

End of fiscal 

year or month 

Amount 

outstanding 

face value 

(10) 

Net 

unamortized 

premium 

and discount 

 (11) 

Accrual 

 amount 

(12) 

Amount 

outstanding 

face value 

(13) 

Net 

unamortized 

premium 

and discount

(14) 

Accrual 

amount 

(15) 

Amount 

outstanding 

face value 

(16) 

Net 

unamortized 

premium 

and discount

(17) 

Accrual

amount

(18) 

 

2004 ............................... 7,403,236 51,219 7,352,017 3,075,687 16,596 3,059,091 4,327,550 34,623 4,292,926 

2005 ............................... 7,956,346 53,546 7,902,800 3,331,333 18,145 3,313,188 4,625,013 35,401 4,589,612 

2006 ............................... 8,530,366 81,375 8,448,991 3,663,773 41,370 3,622,403 4,866,593 40,005 4,826,588 

2007 ............................... 9,030,612 82,078 8,948,534 3,958,417 42,796 3,915,621 5,072,195 39,282 5,032,913 

2008 ............................... 10,047,828 64,135 9,983,694 4,210,491 27,432 4,183,059 5,837,337 36,703 5,800,635 

 

2007 - Dec ..................... 9,252,317 79,511 9,172,806 4,092,890 42,422 4,050,468 5,159,427 37,089 5,122,338 

2008 - Jan ...................... 9,261,110 77,244 9,183,866 4,105,795 40,603 4,065,192 5,155,315 36,641 5,118,674 

Feb ..................... 9,381,029 77,682 9,303,347 4,098,349 41,264 4,057,086 5,282,680 36,418 5,246,261 

Mar ..................... 9,461,058 74,722 9,386,336 4,103,552 39,782 4,063,771 5,357,506 34,940 5,322,565 

Apr...................... 9,400,719 74,042 9,326,677 4,133,040 40,427 4,092,613 5,267,679 33,615 5,234,064 

May .................... 9,411,969 60,000 9,351,969 4,110,207 26,016 4,084,192 5,301,762 33,984 5,267,777 

June ................... 9,515,532 59,733 9,455,799 4,206,987 25,332 4,181,655 5,308,545 34,401 5,274,145 

July..................... 9,608,823 61,431 9,547,392 4,182,264 25,608 4,156,656 5,426,559 35,823 5,390,736 

Aug..................... 9,668,997 61,663 9,607,334 4,166,662 25,075 4,141,587 5,502,335 36,588 5,465,748 

Sept.................... 10,047,828 64,135 9,983,694 4,210,491 27,432 4,183,059 5,837,337 36,703 5,800,635 

Oct...................... 10,599,663 66,851 10,532,813 4,266,386 28,713 4,237,672 6,333,277 38,138 6,295,140 

Nov..................... 10,684,427 65,816 10,618,610 4,260,586 28,392 4,232,194 6,423,841 37,424 6,386,416 

Dec..................... 10,723,156 62,737 10,660,419 4,327,160 28,271 4,298,889 6,395,996 34,466 6,361,529 

 
FEDERAL DEBT 

March 2009

22 

 Nonmarketable, con. 

End of fiscal 

year or month 

U.S. savings 

securities 

(8) 

Depositary 

compensation 

securities 

(9) 

Foreign series 

(10) 

Government 

account series 

(11) 

State and local 

government series 

(12) 

Domestic 

series 

(13) 

Other 

(14) 

 

2004 ....................................... 204,201 - 5,881 58,528 158,214 29,995 4,669 

2005 ....................................... 203,645 - 3,086 67,961 225,283 29,995 5,214 

2006 ....................................... 203,656 - 2,986 78,129 238,835 29,995 5,715 

2007 ....................................... 197,126 - 2,986 88,153 296,513 29,995 6,126 

2008 ....................................... 194,253 - 2,986 107,498 260,238 29,995 3,569 

 

2007 - Dec ............................. 196,452 - 2,986 91,189 293,239 29,995 5,648 

2008 - Jan .............................. 195,690 - 5,886 95,757 286,451 29,995 5,392 

Feb ............................. 195,583 - 5,286 97,088 284,921 29,995 5,247 

Mar ............................. 195,425 - 4,886 99,903 286,344 29,995 4,897 

Apr.............................. 195,327 - 4,886 100,366 286,818 29,995 4,326 

May ............................ 195,225 - 3,286 100,448 280,017 29,995 4,265 

June ........................... 195,003 - 3,086 100,989 275,203 29,995 4,214 

July............................. 194,753 - 2,986 103,836 265,534 29,995 4,053 

Aug............................. 194,467 - 2,986 104,441 261,553 29,995 3,972 

Sept............................ 194,253 - 2,986 107,498 260,238 29,995 3,569 

Oct.............................. 194,236 - 3,986 112,814 254,564 29,995 3,058 

Nov............................. 194,216 - 3,986 113,884 253,455 29,995 2,618 

Dec............................. 194,075 - 3,986 115,117 249,318 29,995 2,637 

 

 

TABLE FD-2.—Debt Held by the Public

[In millions of dollars. Source: “Monthly Statement of the Public Debt of the United States”] 

Marketable 

End of fiscal 

year or month 

Total public debt 

securities 

outstanding 

(1) 

Total 

(2) 

 Bills 

 (3) 

Notes 

(4) 

Bonds 

(5) 

Treasury 

inflation-protected 

securities 

(6) 

Nonmarketable 

Total 

(7) 

 

2004 .................................. 4,307,345 3,845,855 961,449 2,109,494 551,904 223,008 461,490 

2005 .................................. 4,601,239 4,066,053 910,323 2,328,213 520,507 307,011 535,186 

2006 .................................. 4,843,121 4,283,804 908,474 2,445,307 534,473 395,550 559,317 

2007 .................................. 5,049,306 4,428,405 954,607 2,456,100 560,922 456,776 620,900 

2008 .................................. 5,808,692 5,210,151 1,484,332 2,623,364 578,504 523,951 598,540 

 

2007 - Dec ........................ 5,136,303 4,516,792 999,547 2,487,368 558,447 471,430 619,510 

2008 - Jan ......................... 5,132,265 4,513,092 980,012 2,502,767 558,445 471,868 619,173 

Feb ........................ 5,259,804 4,641,684 1,120,975 2,477,293 571,736 471,680 618,120 

Mar ........................ 5,334,116 4,712,665 1,153,879 2,513,108 571,738 473,940 621,451 

Apr......................... 5,244,195 4,622,476 1,020,681 2,539,859 571,760 490,175 621,719 

May ....................... 5,278,699 4,665,461 1,114,547 2,475,730 580,983 494,202 613,238 

June ...................... 5,285,064 4,676,573 1,055,697 2,542,526 580,995 497,355 608,490 

July........................ 5,403,382 4,802,224 1,130,970 2,573,863 580,982 516,410 601,158 

Aug........................ 5,479,100 4,881,685 1,221,987 2,555,609 582,815 521,274 597,415 

Sept....................... 5,808,692 5,210,151 1,484,332 2,623,364 578,504 523,951 598,540 

Oct......................... 6,302,794 5,704,139 1,904,060 2,685,691 578,915 535,472 598,655 

Nov........................ 6,396,591 5,798,435 1,998,226 2,673,928 591,492 534,789 598,156 

Dec........................ 6,369,319 5,774,190 1,861,187 2,791,514 591,867 529,622 595,129 
FEDERAL DEBT 

March 2009 

23

End of fiscal 

year or month 

Federal 

Savings and 

Loan 

Corporation, 

Resolution 

Fund 

(11) 

Federal 

Supplementary 

Medical 

Insurance Trust 

Fund 

(12) 

Highway 

Trust Fund 

(13) 

National 

Service Life 

Insurance 

Fund 

(14) 

Postal 

Service Fund

(15) 

Railroad 

Retirement 

Account 

(16) 

Treasury 

deposit 

funds 

(17) 

Unemployment Trust 

Fund 

(18) 

Other 

(19) 

 

2004 ..................... 3,013 17,439 10,212 10,949 1,283 627 - 45,239 406,004 

2005 ..................... 3,123 17,204 8,271 10,597 1,218 570 - 54,806 427,868 

2006 ..................... 3,029 33,061 10,998 10,189 4,233 477 - 66,213 484,104 

2007 ..................... 3,182 39,248 12,205 9,752 979 596 - 74,923 555,118 

2008 ..................... 3,320 59,090 12,811 9,272 1,605 624 - 72,432 614,991 

 

2007 - Dec ........... 3,257 42,716 11,247 9,810 1,200 356 - 73,563 614,858 

2008 - Jan ............ 3,266 43,358 11,606 9,722 1,000 487 - 70,471 617,922 

 Feb ........... 3,273 40,010 12,319 9,626 1,000 636 - 70,538 619,501 

 Mar ........... 3,278 46,939 11,578 9,530 1,000 489 - 66,964 619,613 

 Apr............ 3,303 47,217 13,055 9,437 1,000 522 - 66,208 620,206 

 May .......... 3,298 42,827 10,659 9,355 1,200 463 - 79,931 602,364 

 June ......... 3,304 50,137 9,979 9,535 1,200 451 - 79,108 602,547 

 July........... 3,311 58,847 8,831 9,453 1,000 457 - 76,487 604,285 

 Aug........... 3,316 54,265 7,026 9,380 1,000 461 - 77,310 607,055 

 Sept.......... 3,320 59,090 12,811 9,272 1,605 624 - 72,432 614,991 

 Oct............ 3,320 54,795 10,906 9,186 1,200 561 - 68,300 697,150 

 Nov........... 3,319 59,364 10,804 9,119 1,200 367 - 67,362 691,988 

 Dec........... 3,325 59,850 10,386 9,294 1,200 364 - 61,805 689,981 

 

Note.—Detail may not add to totals due to rounding. 

TABLE FD-3.—Government Account Series

[In millions of dollars. Source: “Monthly Statement of the Public Debt of the United States”] 

End of fiscal 

year or month 

Total 

(1) 

Airport and 

Airway 

Trust Fund 

(2) 

Deposit 

Insurance 

Fund 

(3) 

Employees 

Life Insurance 

Fund 

(4) 

Exchange 

Stabilization 

Fund 

(5) 

Federal 

Disability 

Insurance 

Trust Fund

(6) 

Federal 

employees 

retirement 

funds 

(7) 

Federal 

Hospital 

Insurance 

Trust Fund 

(8) 

Federal 

Housing 

Administration 

(9) 

Federal 

Old-Age and 

Survivors 

Insurance Trust

Fund 

(10) 

 

2004 .............. 3,129,990 9,892 32,089 28,107 10,319 182,769 631,749 264,375 23,325 1,452,599 

2005 .............. 3,380,605 10,047 32,733 29,485 15,238 193,263 660,109 277,268 22,646 1,616,159 

2006 .............. 3,722,747 7,893 46,216 31,282 15,711 202,178 689,812 302,186 22,036 1,793,129 

2007 .............. 4,026,772 7,931 47,515 32,965 16,436 213,830 702,043 319,377 22,410 1,968,262 

2008 .............. 4,297,677 7,674 29,937 34,397 16,847 216,487 729,705 318,741 19,093 2,150,651 

 

2007 - Dec..... 4,164,266 10,357 47,562 33,517 16,603 215,046 710,949 326,096 22,737 2,024,392 

2008 - Jan ..... 4,181,707 9,073 47,723 33,561 16,650 215,942 707,547 328,005 22,758 2,042,616 

 Feb .... 4,175,632 9,676 48,222 33,742 16,672 214,979 703,967 321,962 23,019 2,046,490 

 Mar .... 4,183,685 9,696 48,441 33,753 16,699 214,556 699,976 323,477 23,132 2,054,564 

 Apr..... 4,213,642 9,892 48,579 33,765 16,729 216,189 696,704 330,969 23,104 2,076,763 

 May.... 4,190,825 9,405 47,860 34,184 16,746 215,358 693,556 323,086 18,725 2,081,808 

 June .. 4,288,079 7,361 47,778 34,205 16,776 220,133 708,884 337,668 18,770 2,140,243 

 July.... 4,266,035 7,466 33,671 34,234 16,805 218,802 705,751 322,707 18,834 2,145,094 

 Aug.... 4,250,862 7,714 32,182 34,375 16,833 217,423 702,187 314,158 19,081 2,147,096 

 Sept... 4,297,677 7,674 29,937 34,397 16,847 216,487 729,705 318,741 19,093 2,150,651 

 Oct..... 4,358,403 8,432 29,519 34,494 17,184 214,667 726,483 310,991 19,244 2,151,971 

 Nov.... 4,353,747 7,593 24,611 34,963 17,179 213,094 722,953 316,700 19,379 2,153,752 

 Dec.... 4,421,658 7,855 25,496 35,032 17,661 215,810 738,870 321,910 19,415 2,203,404 

 
FEDERAL DEBT 

March 2009

24 

TABLE FD-4.—Interest-Bearing Securities Issued by Government Agencies

[In millions of dollars. Source: “Monthly Treasury Statement of Receipts and Outlays of the United States Government”] 

End of fiscal 

year or month 

Total 

outstanding 

(1) 

Department of 

Housing and 

Urban 

Development 

Federal Housing 

Administration 

(2) 

Farm Credit 

System Financial 

Assistance 

Corporation 

(3) 

Other 

independent

Tennessee 

Valley Authority 

(4) 

National Archives 

and Records 

Administration 

(5) 

Other 

(6) 

 

2004 ............................ 24,183 200 325 23,253 243 163 

2005 ............................ 23,637 146 - 23,097 235 159 

2006 ............................ 23,392 112 - 22,899 225 156 

2007 ............................ 22,959 85 - 22,506 215 153 

2008 ............................ 23,104 69 - 22,680 204 150 

 

2007 - Dec .................. 23,145 84 - 22,690 215 156 

2008 - Jan ................... 23,102 68 - 22,662 215 157 

Feb ................... 22,978 69 - 22,550 210 149 

Mar ................... 23,464 69 - 23,035 210 150 

Apr.................... 23,163 66 - 22,735 210 151 

May................... 23,170 67 - 22,741 210 152 

June.................. 23,527 65 - 23,101 210 151 

July................... 23,344 69 - 22,910 210 155 

Aug................... 23,243 69 - 22,820 204 149 

Sept.................. 23,104 69 - 22,680 204 150 

Oct.................... 25,569 69 - 25,146 204 149 

Nov................... 23,252 69 - 22,828 204 151 

Dec................... 23,352 69 - 22,926 204 151 

 

 

Note.—Detail may not add to totals due to rounding. 
FEDERAL DEBT 

March 2009 

25

TABLE FD-5.—Maturity Distribution and Average Length of Marketable 

Interest-Bearing Public Debt Held by Private Investors

[In millions of dollars. Source: Office of Debt Management, Office of the Under Secretary for Domestic Finance] 

Maturity classes 

End of fiscal 

year or month 

Amount outstanding 

privately held 

(1) 

Within 

1 year 

(2) 

1-5 years 

(3) 

5-10 years 

(4) 

10-20 years 

(5) 

20 years 

or more 

(6) 

Average length 

(7) 

 

2004 ............................... 3,145,244 1,127,850 1,150,979 414,728 243,036 208,652 4 yrs. 11 mos. 

2005 ............................... 3,334,411 1,100,783 1,279,646 499,386 281,229 173,367 4 yrs. 10 mos. 

2006 ............................... 3,496,359 1,140,553 1,295,589 589,748 290,733 179,736 4 yrs. 11 mos. 

2007 ............................... 3,634,666 1,176,510 1,309,871 677,905 291,963 178,417 4 yrs. 10 mos. 

2008 ............................... 4,745,256 2,042,003 1,468,455 719,347 352,430 163,022 4 yrs. 1 mo. 

 

2007 - Dec...................... 3,781,877 1,295,981 1,309,642 700,562 310,814 164,878 4 yrs. 9 mos. 

2008 - Jan ...................... 3,805,408 1,315,046 1,295,456 710,580 319,185 165,140 4 yrs. 9 mos. 

Feb ..................... 3,933,939 1,451,105 1,294,886 691,672 319,156 174,120 4 yrs. 8 mos. 

Mar ..................... 4,127,033 1,607,155 1,323,534 702,527 319,481 174,336 4 yrs. 5 mos. 

Apr...................... 4,079,776 1,509,658 1,366,837 709,124 338,330 155,827 4 yrs. 6 mos. 

May..................... 4,162,323 1,618,739 1,329,756 718,171 333,602 162,056 4 yrs. 6 mos. 

June.................... 4,203,532 1,580,568 1,396,177 730,327 334,145 162,224 4 yrs. 6 mos. 

July ..................... 4,328,809 1,668,784 1,439,791 716,694 364,351 162,453 4 yrs. 5 mos. 

Aug ..................... 4,386,440 1,774,790 1,390,479 706,395 351,906 162,870 4 yrs. 5 mos. 

Sept.................... 4,745,256 2,042,003 1,468,455 719,347 352,430 163,022 4 yrs. 1 mo. 

Oct...................... 5,238,827 2,462,352 1,496,698 764,782 352,076 162,919 3 yrs. 10 mos. 

Nov ..................... 5,312,125 2,540,826 1,490,667 761,948 355,148 163,536 3 yrs. 10 mos. 

Dec ..................... 5,307,633 2,406,537 1,607,484 776,147 354,202 163,262 3 yrs. 10 mos. 

 

Note.—Detail may not add to totals due to rounding. 
FEDERAL DEBT 

March 2009

26 

TABLE FD-6.—Debt Subject to Statutory Limit

[In millions of dollars. Source: “Monthly Statement of the Public Debt of the United States”] 

Debt subject to limit Securities outstanding 

End of fiscal 

year or month 

Statutory debt 

limit 

(1) 

Total 

(2) 

Public debt 

(3) 

Other debt 1 

(4) 

Public debt 

(5) 

Other debt 

(6) 

Securities 

not subject 

to limit 

(7) 

 

2004 ................................................ 7,384,000 7,333,350 7,333,166 184 7,379,053 184 45,887 

2005 ................................................ 8,184,000 7,871,040 7,870,911 130 7,932,710 130 61,799 

2006 ................................................ 8,965,000 8,420,278 8,420,183 96 8,506,974 96 86,792 

2007 ................................................ 9,815,000 8,921,343 8,921,274 69 9,007,653 69 86,379 

2008 ................................................ 10,615,000 9,959,850 9,959,799 51 10,024,725 51 64,926 

 

2007 - Dec....................................... 9,815,000 9,144,715 9,144,647 68 9,229,173 68 84,525 

2008 - Jan ....................................... 9,815,000 9,155,842 9,155,791 52 9,238,008 52 82,218 

Feb ...................................... 9,815,000 9,275,683 9,275,631 53 9,358,051 53 82,421 

Mar ...................................... 9,815,000 9,358,135 9,358,082 53 9,437,594 53 79,512 

Apr....................................... 9,815,000 9,298,567 9,298,517 50 9,377,557 50 79,041 

May...................................... 9,815,000 9,324,137 9,324,086 51 9,388,799 51 64,714 

June..................................... 9,815,000 9,427,901 9,427,850 51 9,492,006 51 64,156 

July ...................................... 10,615,000 9,520,220 9,520,169 51 9,585,480 51 65,310 

Aug ...................................... 10,615,000 9,580,508 9,580,457 51 9,645,755 51 65,299 

Sept..................................... 10,615,000 9,959,850 9,959,799 51 10,024,725 51 64,926 

Oct....................................... 11,315,000 10,504,702 10,504,651 51 10,574,094 51 69,444 

Nov ...................................... 11,315,000 10,595,725 10,595,674 51 10,661,175 51 65,502 

Dec ...................................... 11,315,000 10,640,274 10,640,223 51 10,699,805 51 59,583 

 

1 Consists of guaranteed debt issued by the Federal Housing Administration. 
FEDERAL DEBT 

March 2009 

27

TABLE FD-7.—Treasury Holdings of Securities Issued 

by Government Corporations and Other Agencies

[In millions of dollars. Source: “Monthly Treasury Statement of Receipts and Outlays of the United States Government”] 

 Department of Agriculture 

End of fiscal 

year or month 

Total 

(1) 

Farm-Service 

Agency 

(2) 

Rural Utilities 

Service 

(3) 

Rural Housing 

and Community 

Development Service 

(4) 

Rural Business 

and Cooperative 

Development 

Service 

(5) 

Foreign 

Agricultural 

Service 

(6) 

 

2004 ................................................ 213,321 15,956 16,560 11,937 474 1,897 

2005 ................................................ 211,763 26,851 18,489 12,608 461 1,979 

2006 ................................................ 228,065 22,578 20,432 12,911 485 1,358 

2007 ................................................ 219,079 10,662 22,803 13,803 420 1,448 

2008 ................................................ 252,783 9,691 24,789 14,780 479 1,456 

 

2007 - Dec....................................... 224,572 10,918 23,084 14,198 431 1,448 

2008 - Jan ....................................... 229,879 12,614 23,331 14,321 435 1,448 

Feb ...................................... 231,100 12,808 23,538 14,475 439 1,448 

Mar ...................................... 230,254 12,820 23,447 14,354 440 1,448 

Apr....................................... 229,880 12,287 23,613 14,478 442 1,448 

May ..................................... 233,312 11,960 23,878 14,621 444 1,448 

June .................................... 229,296 11,555 23,959 14,624 447 1,448 

July...................................... 234,242 9,101 23,703 14,789 447 1,448 

Aug...................................... 240,154 9,167 24,588 14,686 467 1,456 

Sept..................................... 252,783 9,691 24,789 14,780 479 1,456 

Oct....................................... 298,445 16,067 25,003 14,908 484 1,456 

Nov...................................... 326,003 18,862 25,155 15,022 488 1,456 

Dec...................................... 357,973 9,673 25,659 15,171 490 1,456 

 

 Department 

 of Energy 

Department of Housing 

 and Urban Development 

Department 

of the Treasury 

End of fiscal 

year or month 

Department of 

Education 

(7) 

 Bonneville Power 

 Administration 

 (8) 

 Federal Housing 

 Administration 

 (9) 

Other Housing 

programs 

(10) 

Federal 

Financing Bank 

(11) 

 

2004 ................................................ 96,530 2,900 7,635 1,203 29,305 

2005 ................................................ 104,471 2,777 7,548 239 12,413 

2006 ................................................ 105,522 2,482 6,258 - 16,618 

2007 ................................................ 103,973 2,241 4,573 - 17,609 

2008 ................................................ 128,331 2,186 4,832 - 21,957 

 

2007 - Dec ...................................... 109,587 2,221 4,573 - 16,284 

2008 - Jan ....................................... 113,250 2,201 4,573 - 15,418 

Feb...................................... 113,250 2,201 4,573 - 15,090 

Mar...................................... 115,120 2,201 4,573 - 14,430 

Apr....................................... 115,120 2,100 4,573 - 13,746 

May ..................................... 115,894 2,200 4,573 - 14,913 

June .................................... 116,026 2,200 4,573 - 15,156 

July...................................... 123,152 2,240 4,573 - 14,567 

Aug...................................... 129,383 2,200 4,573 - 13,664 

Sept..................................... 128,331 2,186 4,832 - 21,957 

Oct....................................... 144,402 2,186 4,832 - 23,148 

Nov...................................... 145,018 2,151 4,832 - 22,948 

Dec...................................... 145,131 2,151 4,832 - 22,868 

 
FEDERAL DEBT 

March 2009

28 

TABLE FD-7.—Treasury Holdings of Securities Issued by Government 

Corporations and Other Agencies, con. 

[In millions of dollars. Source: “Monthly Treasury Statement of Receipts and Outlays of the United States Government”] 

End of fiscal 

year or month 

Export-Import 

Bank of the 

United States 

(12) 

Railroad 

Retirement 

Board 

(13) 

Small Business 

Administration 

(14) 

Other 

(15) 

 

2004 ...................................... 7,237 2,962 8,546 10,179 

2005 ...................................... 5,848 2,973 7,695 7,411 

2006 ...................................... 4,911 2,958 9,303 22,249 

2007 ...................................... 4,364 2,945 11,366 22,872 

2008 ...................................... 2,929 3,096 9,463 28,793 

 

2007 - Dec ............................ 4,364 3,768 11,366 22,331 

2008 - Jan ............................. 4,364 4,064 11,366 22,495 

Feb ............................ 4,364 4,312 11,901 22,701 

Mar ............................ 4,364 4,597 9,133 23,327 

Apr............................. 4,364 4,881 9,133 23,696 

May ........................... 4,364 5,149 9,138 24,728 

June .......................... 3,552 2,221 9,138 24,397 

July............................ 3,573 2,518 9,138 24,993 

Aug............................ 2,768 2,796 9,463 24,942 

Sept........................... 2,929 3,096 9,463 28,793 

Oct............................. 2,929 3,394 9,463 50,174 

Nov............................ 2,929 3,683 9,463 73,996 

Dec............................ 3,151 3,990 9,463 113,939 

 

Note.—Detail may not add to totals due to rounding. 
March 2009 

29

INTRODUCTION: Public Debt Operations

Chapter 31 of Title 31 of the United States Code allows 

the Secretary of Treasury to borrow money by issuing 

Treasury securities. The Secretary determines the terms and 

conditions of issue, conversion, maturity, payment, and 

interest rate. New issues of Treasury notes mature in 2 to 10 

years. Bonds mature in more than 10 years from the issue 

date. Each outstanding marketable security is listed in the 

“Monthly Statement of the Public Debt of the United States.” 

The information in this section of the “Treasury Bulletin” 

pertains only to marketable Treasury securities. 

• Table PDO-1 presents the results of weekly auctions 

of 4-, 13-, and 26-week bills. Treasury bills mature each 

Thursday. Issues of 4- and 13-week bills are reopenings of 

26-week bills. High yields on accepted tenders and the dollar 

value of total bids are presented, with the dollar value of 

awards made on both competitive and noncompetitive bases. 

To encourage the participation of individuals and smaller 

institutions, Treasury accepts noncompetitive tenders of up to 

$5 million for bills and $5 million for notes and bonds in each 

auction of securities. 

• Table PDO-2 lists the results of auctions of 

marketable securities, other than weekly bills, in 

chronological order over the past 2 years. Issues of cash 

management bills also are presented. 

Note: Additional information, including maturity 

schedules of interest-bearing marketable public debt securities 

other than regular weekly and 52-week Treasury bills 

outstanding, can now be found on the Bureau of Public Debt’s 

website at http://www.treasurydirect.gov/govt/ reports/pd/pd_ 

pdotables_downloadable_files.htm. 

Note: On April 30, 2008, Treasury announced the 

reintroduction of the 52-week bill. The first auction of this 

security took place on June 3, 2008. 

Note: Cash managements bills that are identified below 

are issued as part of the Supplementary Financing Program 

(SFP). For more details about the SFP, visit www.treasury.gov/ 

press/releases/hp1144.htm or call 202-622-2960. 

TREASURY FINANCING: OCTOBER-DECEMBER 

[Source: Bureau of the Public Debt, Office of Financing] 

O C T O B E R 

Cash Management Bills 

On September 29, 2008, Treasury announced it would 

auction $45,000 million of 15-day bills. They were issued 

October 1 and matured October 16. The issue was to raise 

new cash and was part of the Supplementary Financing 

Program (SFP). Treasury auctioned the bills on September 30. 

Tenders totaled $89,355 million; Treasury accepted $45,000 

million. The high bank discount rate was 0.990 percent. 

On September 29, Treasury announced it would auction 

$50,000 million of 42-day bills. They were issued October 2 

and matured November 13. The issue was to raise new cash 

and was part of the SFP. Treasury auctioned the bills on 

October 1. Tenders totaled $139,806 million; Treasury 

accepted $50,000 million. The high bank discount rate was 

1.100 percent. 

On September 29, Treasury announced it would auction 

$45,000 million of 56-day bills. They were issued October 3 

and matured November 28. The issue was to raise new cash 

and was part of the SFP. Treasury auctioned the bills on 

October 2. Tenders totaled $128,538 million; Treasury 

accepted $45,000 million. The high bank discount rate was 

0.770 percent. 

On October 2, Treasury announced it would auction 

$30,000 million of 72-day bills. They were issued October 7 

and matured December 18. The issue was to raise new cash 

and was part of the SFP. Treasury auctioned the bills on 

October 6. Tenders totaled $89,706 million; Treasury 

accepted $30,000 million. The high bank discount rate was 

0.500 percent. 

On October 6, Treasury announced it would auction 

$30,000 million of 79-day bills. They were issued October 8 

and matured December 26. The issue was to raise new cash 

and was part of the SFP. Treasury auctioned the bills on 

October 7. Tenders totaled $86,005 million; Treasury 

accepted $30,000 million. The high bank discount rate was 

1.190 percent. 

On October 6, Treasury announced it would auction 

$40,000 million of 63-day bills. They were issued October 9 

and matured December 11. The issue was to raise new cash 

and was part of the SFP. Treasury auctioned the bills on 

October 8. Tenders totaled $110,595 million; Treasury 

accepted $40,000 million. The high bank discount rate was 

0.770 percent. 

On October 6, Treasury announced it would auction 

$30,000 million of 97-day bills. They were issued October 10 

and will mature January 15, 2009. The issue was to raise new 

cash and was part of the SFP. Treasury auctioned the bills on 

October 9. Tenders totaled $98,890 million; Treasury 

accepted $30,000 million. The high bank discount rate was 

0.800 percent. 
30 PUBLIC DEBT OPERATIONS 

TREASURY FINANCING: OCTOBER-DECEMBER, con. 

March 2009 

On October 14, Treasury announced it would auction 

$45,000 million of 63-day bills. They were issued October 16 

and matured December 18. The issue was to raise new cash 

and was part of the SFP. Treasury auctioned the bills on 

October 15. Tenders totaled $98,315 million; Treasury 

accepted $45,000 million. The high bank discount rate was 

0.490 percent. 

On October 15, Treasury announced it would auction 

$30,000 million of 74-day bills. They were issued October 20 

and will mature January 2, 2009. The issue was to raise new 

cash and was part of the SFP. Treasury auctioned the bills on 

October 17. Tenders totaled $76,664 million; Treasury 

accepted $30,000 million. The high bank discount rate was 

0.800 percent. 

On October 14, Treasury announced it would auction 

$35,000 million of 191-day bills. They were issued October 

20 and will mature April 29, 2009. The issue was to raise new 

cash. Treasury auctioned the bills on October 16. Tenders 

totaled $84,054 million; Treasury accepted $35,000 million. 

The high bank discount rate was 1.350 percent. 

On October 14, Treasury announced it would auction 

$35,000 million of 247-day bills. They were issued October 

20 and will mature June 24, 2009. The issue was to raise new 

cash. Treasury auctioned the bills on October 16. Tenders 

totaled $69,541 million; Treasury accepted $35,000 million. 

The high bank discount rate was 1.350 percent. 

On October 15, Treasury announced it would auction 

$30,000 million of 94-day bills. They were issued October 20 

and will mature January 22, 2009. The issue was to raise new 

cash and was part of the SFP. Treasury auctioned the bills on 

October 17. Tenders totaled $70,074 million; Treasury 

accepted $30,000 million. The high bank discount rate was 

0.930 percent. 

On October 16, Treasury announced it would auction 

$35,000 million of 225-day bills. They were issued October 

22 and will mature June 4, 2009. The issue was to raise new 

cash. Treasury auctioned the bills on October 20. Tenders 

totaled $66,476 million; Treasury accepted $35,000 million. 

The high bank discount rate was 1.600 percent. 

On October 20, Treasury announced it would auction 

$40,000 million of 98-day bills. They were issued October 23 

and will mature January 29, 2009. The issue was to raise new 

cash and was part of the SFP. Treasury auctioned the bills on 

October 22. Tenders totaled $86,684 million; Treasury 

accepted $40,000 million. The high bank discount rate was 

1.240 percent. 

On October 27, Treasury announced it would auction 

$40,000 million of 64-day bills. They were issued October 30 

and will mature January 2, 2009. The issue was to raise new 

cash and was part of the SFP. Treasury auctioned the bills on 

October 29. Tenders totaled $115,642 million; Treasury 

accepted $40,000 million. The high bank discount rate was 

0.700 percent. 

Auction of 6-Year 7-Month 4-1/8 Percent Notes 

On October 8, 2008, Treasury announced that it would 

auction $10,000 million of 6-year 7-month 4-1/8 percent notes 

of Series C-2015. The issue was to refund $15,022 million of 

securities maturing October 15 and to raise new cash of 

approximately $30,978 million. 

The notes of Series C-2015 were dated May 15 and 

issued October 15. They are due May 15, 2015, with interest 

payable on November 15 and May 15 until maturity. 

Treasury received tenders for the notes before 11:00 a.m. 

eastern time (e.t.) for noncompetitive tenders and before 11:30 

a.m. e.t. for competitive tenders on October 8. Tenders totaled 

$12,155 million; Treasury accepted $10,000 million. All 

noncompetitive and successful competitive bidders were 

allotted securities at the high yield of 3.310 percent with an 

equivalent price of $104.781927. Treasury accepted in full all 

competitive tenders at yields lower than 3.310 percent.

Tenders at the high yield were allotted 15.10 percent. The 

median yield was 2.899 percent, and the low yield was 2.780 

percent. There were no noncompetitive tenders. Competitive 

tenders accepted from private investors totaled $10,000 

million. Accrued interest of $17.15014 per $1,000 must be 

paid for the period from May 15 to October 15. The minimum 

par amount required for STRIPS of notes of Series C-2015 is 

$100. 

Auction of 6-Year 10-Month 4-1/4 Percent Notes 

On October 8, 2008, Treasury announced that it would 

auction $10,000 million of 6-year 10-month 4-1/4 percent 

notes of Series E-2015. The issue was to refund $15,022 

million of securities maturing October 15 and to raise new 

cash of approximately $30,978 million. 

The notes of Series E-2015 were dated August 15 and 

issued October 15. They are due August 15, 2015, with 

interest payable on February 15 and August 15 until maturity. 

Treasury received tenders for the notes before 12:00 noon 

e.t. for noncompetitive tenders and before 1:00 p.m. e.t. for 

competitive tenders on October 8. Tenders totaled $21,142 

million; Treasury accepted $10,000 million. All 

noncompetitive and successful competitive bidders were 

allotted securities at the high yield of 3.440 percent with an 

equivalent price of $104.888494. Treasury accepted in full all 

competitive tenders at yields lower than 3.440 percent.

Tenders at the high yield were allotted 91.40 percent. The 

median yield was 3.290 percent, and the low yield was 3.145 

percent. Noncompetitive tenders totaled $2,000. Competitive 

tenders accepted from private investors totaled $10,000 

million. Accrued interest of $7.04484 per $1,000 must be paid 

for the period from August 15 to October 15. The minimum 

par amount required for STRIPS of notes of Series E-2015 is 

$100. 
PUBLIC DEBT OPERATIONS 

TREASURY FINANCING: OCTOBER-DECEMBER, con. 

 March 2009 

31

Auction of 6-Year 4-Month 4 Percent Notes 

On October 8, 2008, Treasury announced that it would 

auction $10,000 million of 6-year 4-month 4 percent notes of 

Series B-2015. The issue was to refund $15,022 million of 

securities maturing October 15 and to raise new cash of 

approximately $30,978 million. 

The notes of Series B-2015 were dated August 15 and 

issued October 15. They are due February 15, 2015, with 

interest payable on February 15 and August 15 until maturity. 

Treasury received tenders for the notes before 11:00 a.m. 

e.t. for noncompetitive tenders and before 11:30 a.m. e.t. for 

competitive tenders on October 9. Tenders totaled $23,733 

million; Treasury accepted $10,000 million. All 

noncompetitive and successful competitive bidders were 

allotted securities at the high yield of 3.228 percent with an 

equivalent price of $104.384130. Treasury accepted in full all 

competitive tenders at yields lower than 3.228 percent. 

Tenders at the high yield were allotted 75.84 percent. The 

median yield was 3.150 percent, and the low yield was 2.400 

percent. Noncompetitive tenders totaled $2 million. 

Competitive tenders accepted from private investors totaled 

$9,998 million. Accrued interest of $6.63043 per $1,000 must 

be paid for the period from August 15 to October 15. The 

minimum par amount required for STRIPS of notes of Series 

B-2015 is $100. 

Auction of 9-Year 4-Month 3-1/2 Percent Notes 

On October 8, 2008, Treasury announced that it would 

auction $10,000 million of 9-year 4-month 3-1/2 percent notes 

of Series B-2018. The issue was to refund $15,022 million of 

securities maturing October 15 and to raise new cash of 

approximately $30,978 million. 

The notes of Series B-2018 were dated August 15 and 

issued October 15. They are due February 15, 2018, with 

interest payable on February 15 and August 15 until maturity. 

Treasury received tenders for the notes before 11:00 a.m. 

e.t. for noncompetitive tenders and before 11:30 a.m. e.t. for 

competitive tenders on October 9. Tenders totaled $23,086 

million; Treasury accepted $10,000 million. All 

noncompetitive and successful competitive bidders were 

allotted securities at the high yield of 3.790 percent with an 

equivalent price of $97.730424. Treasury accepted in full all 

competitive tenders at yields lower than 3.790 percent.

Tenders at the high yield were allotted 73.69 percent. The 

median yield was 3.719 percent, and the low yield was 3.640 

percent. Noncompetitive tenders totaled $1 million. 

Competitive tenders accepted from private investors totaled 

$9,999 million. Accrued interest of $5.80163 per $1,000 must 

be paid for the period from August 15 to October 15. The 

minimum par amount required for STRIPS of notes of Series 

B-2018 is $100. 

Auction of 9-Year 9-Month 1-3/8 Percent Treasury 

Inflation Protected Security (TIPS) 

On October 6, 2008, Treasury announced it would 

auction $6,000 million of 9-year 9-month 1-3/8 percent TIPS.

The issue was to refund $15,022 million of securities 

maturing October 15 and to raise new cash of approximately 

$30,978 million. 

The 9-year 9-month TIPS of Series D-2018 were dated 

July 15 and issued October 15. They are due July 15, 2018, 

with interest payable on January 15 and July 15 until maturity. 

Treasury received tenders for the TIPS before 12:00 noon 

e.t. for noncompetitive tenders and before 1:00 p.m. e.t. for 

competitive tenders on October 8. Tenders totaled $13,318 

million; Treasury accepted $6,000 million. All 

noncompetitive and successful competitive bidders were 

allotted securities at the high yield of 2.850 percent with an 

equivalent adjusted price of $89.111177. Treasury accepted in 

full all competitive tenders at yields lower than 2.850. Tenders 

at the high yield were allotted 73.90 percent. The median yield 

was 2.650 percent, and the low yield was 2.359 percent.

Noncompetitive tenders totaled $78 million. Competitive 

tenders accepted from private investors totaled $5,922 million. 

Adjusted accrued interest of $3.50010 per $1,000 must be 

paid for the period from July 15 to October 15. Both the 

unadjusted price of $87.517484 and the unadjusted accrued 

interest of $3.43750 were adjusted by an index ratio of 

1.01821, for the period from July 15 to October 15. 

In addition to the $6,000 million of tenders accepted in 

the auction process, Treasury accepted $974 million from 

Federal Reserve banks (FRBs) for their own accounts. The 

minimum par amount required for STRIPS of TIPS of Series 

D-2018 is $100. 

52-Week Bills 

On October 16, 2008, Treasury announced it would 

auction $21,000 million of 364-day Treasury bills. They were 

issued October 23, and will mature October 22, 2009. The 

issue was to refund $114,017 million of all maturing bills and 

raise new cash of approximately $24,983 million. Treasury 

auctioned the bills on October 21. Tenders totaled $65,304 

million; Treasury accepted $21,000 million. That included 

$178 million of noncompetitive tenders from the public. The 

high bank discount rate was 1.720 percent. 

Auction of 2-Year Notes 

On October 23, 2008, Treasury announced it would 

auction $34,000 million of 2-year notes of Series AD-2010. 

The issue was to refund $19,892 million of securities 

maturing October 31 and to raise new cash of approximately 

$44,108 million. 
32 PUBLIC DEBT OPERATIONS 

TREASURY FINANCING: OCTOBER-DECEMBER, con. 

March 2009 

The notes of Series AD-2010 were dated and issued 

October 31. They are due October 31, 2010, with interest 

payable on April 30 and October 31 until maturity. Treasury 

set an interest rate of 1-1/2 percent after determining which 

tenders were accepted on a yield auction basis. 

Treasury received tenders for the notes before 12:00 noon 

e.t. for noncompetitive tenders and before 1:00 p.m. e.t. for 

competitive tenders on October 28. Tenders totaled $84,609 

million; Treasury accepted $34,001 million. All 

noncompetitive and successful competitive bidders were 

allotted securities at the high yield of 1.600 percent with the 

equivalent price of $99.803937. Treasury accepted in full all 

competitive tenders at yields lower than 1.600 percent. 

Tenders at the high yield were allotted 93.81 percent. The 

median yield was 1.575 percent, and the low yield was 1.400 

percent. Noncompetitive tenders totaled $529 million. 

Competitive tenders accepted from private investors totaled 

$33,447 million. 

In addition to the $34,000 million of tenders accepted in 

the auction process, Treasury accepted $1,506 million from 

FRBs for their own accounts. The minimum par amount 

required for Separate Trading of Registered Interest and 

Principal Securities (STRIPS) of notes of Series AD-2010 is 

$100. 

Auction of 4-Year 6-Month 0-5/8 Percent TIPS 

On October 23, 2008, Treasury announced it would 

auction $6,000 million of 4-year 6-month 0-5/8 percent TIPS. 

The issue was to refund $19,892 million of securities 

maturing October 31 and to raise new cash of approximately 

$44,108 million. 

The 4-year 6-month TIPS of Series J-2013 were dated 

October 15 and issued October 31. They are due April 15, 

2013, with interest payable on April 15 and October 15 until 

maturity. 

Treasury received tenders for the TIPS before 12:00 noon 

e.t. for noncompetitive tenders and before 1:00 p.m. e.t. for 

competitive tenders on October 27. Tenders totaled $10,884 

million; Treasury accepted $6,000 million. All 

noncompetitive and successful competitive bidders were 

allotted securities at the high yield of 3.270 percent with an 

equivalent adjusted price of $92.380436. Treasury accepted in 

full all competitive tenders at yields lower than 3.270 percent. 

Tenders at the high yield were allotted 0.49 percent. The 

median yield was 3.000 percent, and the low yield was 2.850 

percent. Noncompetitive tenders totaled $123 million. 

Competitive tenders accepted from private investors totaled 

$5,877 million. Adjusted accrued interest of $0.28480 per 

$1,000 must be paid for the period from October 15 to 

October 31. Both the unadjusted price of $89.113534 and the 

unadjusted accrued interest of $0.27473 were adjusted by an 

index ratio of 1.03666, for the period from April 15 to 

October 31. 

In addition to the $6,000 million of tenders accepted in 

the auction process, Treasury accepted $266 million from 

FRBs for their own accounts. The minimum par amount 

required for STRIPS of TIPS of Series J-2013 is $100. 

Auction of 5-Year Notes 

On October 23, 2008, Treasury announced it would 

auction $24,000 million of 5-year notes of Series R-2013. The 

issue was to refund $19,892 million of securities maturing 

October 31 and to raise new cash of approximately $44,108 

million. 

The notes of Series R-2013 were dated and issued 

October 31. They are due October 31, 2013, with interest 

payable on April 30 and October 31 until maturity. Treasury 

set an interest rate of 2-3/4 percent after determining which 

tenders were accepted on a yield auction basis. 

Treasury received tenders for the notes before 12:00 noon 

e.t. for noncompetitive tenders and before 1:00 p.m. e.t. for 

competitive tenders on October 30. Tenders totaled $54,650 

million; Treasury accepted $24,000 million. All 

noncompetitive and successful competitive bidders were 

allotted securities at the high yield of 2.825 percent with an 

equivalent price of $99.652559 Treasury accepted in full all 

competitive tenders at yields lower than 2.825 percent. 

Tenders at the high yield were allotted 5.01 percent. The 

median yield was 2.759 percent, and the low yield was 2.570 

percent. Noncompetitive tenders totaled $82 million. 

Competitive tenders accepted from private investors totaled 

$23,793 million. 

In addition to the $24,000 million of tenders accepted in 

the auction process, Treasury accepted $1,063 million from 

FRBs for their own accounts. The minimum par amount 

required for STRIPS of notes of Series R-2013 is $100. 

N O V E M B E R 

Cash Management Bills 

On November 3, 2008, Treasury announced it would 

auction $40,000 million of 238-day bills. They were issued 

November 6 and will mature July 2, 2009. The issue was to 

raise new cash. Treasury auctioned the bills on November 4. 

Tenders totaled $93,423 million; Treasury accepted $40,000 

million. The high bank discount rate was 1.330 percent. 

On November 3, Treasury announced it would auction 

$30,000 million of 77-day bills. They were issued November 

6 and will mature January 22, 2009. This issue was to raise 

new cash and was part of the SFP. Treasury auctioned the 

bills on November 5. Tenders totaled $88,605 million; 

Treasury accepted $30,000 million. The high bank discount 

rate was 0.420 percent. 
PUBLIC DEBT OPERATIONS 

TREASURY FINANCING: OCTOBER-DECEMBER, con. 

 March 2009 

33

On November 10, Treasury announced it would auction 

$40,000 million of 182-day bills. They were issued November 

14 and will mature May 15, 2009. The issue was to raise new 

cash. Treasury auctioned the bills on November 13. Tenders 

totaled $91,772 million; Treasury accepted $40,000 million. 

The high bank discount rate was 0.990 percent. 

On November 13, Treasury announced it would auction 

$35,000 million of 254-day bills. They were issued November 

18 and will mature July 30, 2009. The issue was to raise new 

cash. Treasury auctioned the bills on November 17. Tenders 

totaled $93,728 million; Treasury accepted $35,000 million. 

The high bank discount rate was 1.050 percent. 

On November 24, Treasury announced it would auction 

$35,000 million of 328-day bills. They were issued November 

28 and will mature October 22, 2009. The issue was to raise 

new cash. Treasury auctioned the bills on November 25. 

Tenders totaled $78,860 million; Treasury accepted $35,000 

million. The high bank discount rate was 1.000 percent. 

November Quarterly Financing 

On November 5, 2008, Treasury announced it would 

auction $25,000 million of 3-year notes of Series S-2011, 

$20,000 million of 10-year notes of Series F-2018 and 

$10,000 million of 29-year 6-month 4-1/2 percent Bonds of 

May 2038 to refund $54,940 million of Treasury securities 

maturing on November 15 and to raise new cash of 

approximately $60 million. 

The 3-year notes of Series S-2011 were dated November 

15 and issued November 17. They are due November 15, 

2011, with interest payable on May 15 and November 15 until 

maturity. Treasury set an interest rate of 1-3/4 percent after 

determining which tenders were accepted on a yield auction 

basis. 

Treasury received tenders for the notes before 11:00 a.m. 

e.t. for noncompetitive tenders and before 11:30 a.m. e.t. for 

competitive tenders on November 10. Tenders totaled $76,830 

million; Treasury accepted $25,000 million. All 

noncompetitive and successful competitive bidders were 

allotted securities at the high yield of 1.800 percent with an 

equivalent price of $99.854788. Treasury accepted in full all 

competitive tenders at yields lower than 1.800. Tenders at the 

high yield were allotted 21.59 percent. The median yield was 

1.743 percent, and the low yield was 1.600 percent. 

Noncompetitive tenders totaled $20 million. Competitive 

tenders accepted from private investors totaled $24,955 

million. Accrued interest of $0.09669 per $1,000 must be paid 

for the period from November 15 to November 17. 

In addition to the $25,000 million of tenders accepted in 

the auction process, Treasury accepted $4,443 million from 

FRBs for their own accounts. The minimum par amount 

required for STRIPS of Series S-2011 is $100. 

The 10-year notes of Series F-2018 were dated November 

15 and issued November 17. They are due November 15, 

2018, with interest payable on May 15 and November 15 until 

maturity. Treasury set an interest rate of 3-3/4 percent after 

determining which tenders were accepted on a yield auction 

basis. 

Treasury received tenders for the notes before 12:00 noon 

e.t. for noncompetitive tenders and before 1:00 p.m. e.t. for 

competitive tenders on November 12. Tenders totaled $44,007 

million; Treasury accepted $20,000 million. All 

noncompetitive and successful competitive bidders were 

allotted securities at the high yield of 3.783 percent with an 

equivalent price of $99.727098. Treasury accepted in full all 

competitive tenders at yields lower than 3.783. Tenders at the 

high yield were allotted 59.39 percent. The median yield was 

3.710 percent, and the low yield was 3.550 percent. 

Noncompetitive tenders totaled $199 million. Competitive 

tenders accepted from private investors totaled $19,756 

million. Accrued interest of $0.20718 per $1,000 must be paid 

for the period from November 15 to November 17. 

In addition to the $20,000 million of tenders accepted in 

the auction process, Treasury accepted $3,554 million from 

FRBs for their own accounts. The minimum par amount 

required for STRIPS of Series F-2018 is $100. 

The 29-year 6-month 4-1/2 percent Bonds of May 2038 

were dated November 15 and issued November 17. They are 

due May 15, 2038, with interest payable on May 15 and 

November 15 until maturity. 

Treasury received tenders for the notes before 12:00 noon 

e.t. for noncompetitive tenders and before 1:00 p.m. e.t. for 

competitive tenders on November 13. Tenders totaled $20,715 

million; Treasury accepted $10,000 million. All 

noncompetitive and successful competitive bidders were 

allotted securities at the high yield of 4.310 percent with an 

equivalent price of $103.154521. Treasury accepted in full all 

competitive tenders at yields lower than 4.310. Tenders at the 

high yield were allotted 83.20 percent. The median yield was 

4.204 percent, and the low yield was 4.095 percent. 

Noncompetitive tenders totaled $22 million. Competitive 

tenders accepted from private investors totaled $9,978 million. 

Accrued interest of $0.24862 per $1,000 must be paid for the 

period from November 15 to November 17. 

In addition to the $10,000 million of tenders accepted in 

the auction process, Treasury accepted $1,777 million from 

FRBs for their own accounts. The minimum par amount 

required for STRIPS of Bonds of May 2038 is $100. 

52-Week Bills

On November 13, 2008, Treasury announced it would 

auction $22,000 million of 364-day Treasury bills. They were 

issued November 20, and will mature November 19, 2009. 

The issue was to refund $108,015 million of all maturing bills 

and pay down approximately $15 million. Treasury auctioned 
34 PUBLIC DEBT OPERATIONS 

TREASURY FINANCING: OCTOBER-DECEMBER, con. 

March 2009 

the bills on November 18. Tenders totaled $67,237 million; 

Treasury accepted $22,000 million, which included $197 

million of noncompetitive tenders from the public. The high 

bank discount rate was 1.040 percent. 

D E C E M B E R

Cash Management Bills 

On December 8, 2008, Treasury announced it would 

auction $20,000 million of 278-day bills. They were issued 

December 11 and will mature September 15, 2009. The issue 

was to raise new cash. Treasury auctioned the bills on 

December 10. Tenders totaled $64,442 million; Treasury 

accepted $20,000 million. The high bank discount rate was 

0.390 percent. 

Auction of 2-Year Notes 

On November 20, 2008, Treasury announced it would 

auction $36,000 million of 2-year notes of Series AE-2010. 

The issue was to refund $20,000 million of securities 

maturing November 30 and to raise new cash of 

approximately $42,000 million. 

The notes of Series AE-2010 were dated November 30 

and issued December 1. They are due November 30, 2010, 

with interest payable on May 31 and November 30 until 

maturity. Treasury set an interest rate of 1-1/4 percent after 

determining which tenders were accepted on a yield auction 

basis. 

Treasury received tenders for the notes before 12:00 noon 

e.t. for noncompetitive tenders and before 1:00 p.m. e.t. for 

competitive tenders on November 24. Tenders totaled $74,834 

million; Treasury accepted $36,000 million. All 

noncompetitive and successful competitive bidders were 

allotted securities at the high yield of 1.269 percent with an 

equivalent price of $99.962624. Treasury accepted in full all 

competitive tenders at yields lower than 1.269 percent. 

Tenders at the high yield were allotted 21.59 percent. The 

median yield was 1.185 percent, and the low yield was 1.034 

percent. Noncompetitive tenders totaled $431 million. 

Competitive tenders accepted from private investors totaled 

$35,569 million. Accrued interest of $0.03434 per $1,000 

must be paid for the period from November 30 to December 1. 

In addition to the $36,000 million of tenders accepted in 

the auction process, Treasury accepted $2,519 million from 

FRBs for their own accounts. The minimum par amount 

required for STRIPS of notes of Series AE-2010 is $100. 

Auction of 5-Year Notes 

On November 20, 2008, Treasury announced it would 

auction $26,000 million of 5-year notes of Series S-2013. The 

issue was to refund $20,000 million of securities maturing 

November 30 and to raise new cash of approximately $42,000 

million. 

The notes of Series S-2013 were dated November 30 and 

issued December 1. They are due November 30, 2013, with 

interest payable on May 31 and November 30 until maturity. 

Treasury set an interest rate of 2 percent after determining 

which tenders were accepted on a yield auction basis. 

Treasury received tenders for the notes before 12:00 noon 

e.t. for noncompetitive tenders and before 1:00 p.m. e.t. for 

competitive tenders on November 25. Tenders totaled $63,437 

million; Treasury accepted $26,000 million. All 

noncompetitive and successful competitive bidders were 

allotted securities at the high yield of 2.110 percent with an 

equivalent price of $99.480824. Treasury accepted in full all 

competitive tenders at yields lower than 2.110 percent. 

Tenders at the high yield were allotted 76.52 percent. The 

median yield was 2.096 percent, and the low yield was 1.980 

percent. Noncompetitive tenders totaled $101 million. 

Competitive tenders accepted from private investors totaled 

$25,899 million. Accrued interest of $0.05495 per $1,000 

must be paid for the period from November 30 to December 1. 

In addition to the $26,000 million of tenders accepted in 

the auction process, Treasury accepted $1,819 million from 

FRBs for their own accounts. The minimum par amount 

required for STRIPS of notes of Series S-2013 is $100. 

Auction of 3-Year Notes 

On December 8, 2008, Treasury announced it would 

auction $28,000 million of 3-year notes of Series T-2011. The 

issue was to refund $14,678 million of securities maturing 

December 15 and to raise new cash of approximately $29,322 

million. 

The notes of Series T-2011 were dated and issued 

December 15. They are due December 15, 2011, with interest 

payable on June 15 and December 15 until maturity. Treasury 

set an interest rate of 1-1/8 percent after determining which 

tenders were accepted on a yield auction basis. 

Treasury received tenders for the notes before 12:00 noon 

e.t. for noncompetitive tenders and before 1:00 p.m. e.t. for 

competitive tenders on December 10. Tenders totaled $60,275 

million; Treasury accepted $28,000 million. All 

noncompetitive and successful competitive bidders were 

allotted securities at the high yield of 1.245 percent with the 

equivalent price of $99.647715. Treasury accepted in full all 

competitive tenders at yields lower than 1.245 percent. 

Tenders at the high yield were allotted 64.62 percent. The 

median yield was 1.149 percent, and the low yield was 0.960 

percent. Noncompetitive tenders totaled $56 million. 

Competitive tenders accepted from private investors totaled 

$27,944 million. 
PUBLIC DEBT OPERATIONS 

TREASURY FINANCING: OCTOBER-DECEMBER, con. 

 March 2009 

35

In addition to the $28,000 million of tenders accepted in 

the auction process, Treasury accepted $841 million from 

FRBs for their own accounts. The minimum par amount 

required for STRIPS of notes of Series T-2011 is $100. 

Auction of 9-Year 11-Month 3-3/4 Percent Notes 

On December 8, 2008, Treasury announced that it would 

auction $16,000 million of 9-year 11-month 3-3/4 percent 

notes of Series F-2018. The issue was to refund $14,678 

million of securities maturing December 15 and to raise new 

cash of approximately $29,322 million. 

The notes of Series F-2018 were dated November 15 and 

issued December 15. They are due November 15, 2018, with 

interest payable on May 15 and November 15 until maturity. 

Treasury received tenders for the notes before 12:00 noon 

e.t. for noncompetitive tenders and before 1:00 p.m. e.t. for 

competitive tenders on December 11. Tenders totaled $39,054 

million; Treasury accepted $16,000 million. All 

noncompetitive and successful competitive bidders were 

allotted securities at the high yield of 2.670 percent with an 

equivalent price of $109.352316. Treasury accepted in full all 

competitive tenders at yields lower than 2.670 percent. 

Tenders at the high yield were allotted 59.96 percent. The 

median yield was 2.590 percent, and the low yield was 2.000 

percent. Noncompetitive tenders totaled $33 million. 

Competitive tenders accepted from private investors totaled 

$15,927 million. Accrued interest of $3.10773 per $1,000 

must be paid for the period from November 15 to December 

15. 

In addition to the $16,000 million of tenders accepted in 

the auction process, Treasury accepted $481 million from 

FRBs for their own accounts. The minimum par amount 

required for STRIPS of notes of Series F-2018 is $100. 

52-Week Bills 

On December 11, 2008, Treasury announced it would 

auction $22,000 million of 364-day Treasury bills. They were 

issued December 18, 2008, and will mature December 17, 

2009. The issue was to refund $159,012 million of all 

maturing bills and pay down approximately $58,012 million. 

Treasury auctioned the bills on December 16. Tenders totaled 

$56,549 million; Treasury accepted $22,000 million. That 

included $166 million of noncompetitive tenders from the 

public. The high bank discount rate was 0.590 percent. 

Auction of 2-Year Notes 

On December 18, 2008, Treasury announced it would 

auction $38,000 million of 2-year notes of Series AF-2010. 

The issue was to refund $20,000 million of securities 

maturing December 31 and to raise new cash of 

approximately $46,000 million. 

The notes of Series AF-2010 were dated and issued 

December 31. They are due December 31, 2010, with interest 

payable on June 30 and December 31 until maturity. Treasury 

set an interest rate of 0-7/8 percent after determining which 

tenders were accepted on a yield auction basis. 

Treasury received tenders for the notes before 12:00 noon 

e.t. for noncompetitive tenders and before 1:00 p.m. e.t. for 

competitive tenders on December 22. Tenders totaled $80,925 

million; Treasury accepted $38,000 million. All 

noncompetitive and successful competitive bidders were 

allotted securities at the high yield of 0.922 percent with an 

equivalent price of $99.907073. Treasury accepted in full all 

competitive tenders at yields lower than 0.922 percent. 

Tenders at the high yield were allotted 97.81 percent. The

median yield was 0.834 percent, and the low yield was 0.750 

percent. Noncompetitive tenders totaled $343 million. 

Competitive tenders accepted from private investors totaled 

$37,657 million. 

In addition to the $38,000 million of tenders accepted in 

the auction process, Treasury accepted $2,773 million from 

FRBs for their own accounts. The minimum par amount 

required for STRIPS of notes of Series AF-2010 is $100. 

Auction of 5-Year Notes 

On December 18, 2008, Treasury announced it would 

auction $28,000 million of 5-year notes of Series T-2013. The 

issue was to refund $20,000 million of securities maturing 

December 31 and to raise new cash of approximately $46,000 

million. 

The notes of Series T-2013 were dated and issued 

December 31. They are due December 31, 2013, with interest 

payable on June 30 and December 31 until maturity. Treasury 

set an interest rate of 1-1/2 percent after determining which 

tenders were accepted on a yield auction basis. 

Treasury received tenders for the notes before 12:00 noon 

e.t. for noncompetitive tenders and before 1:00 p.m. e.t. for 

competitive tenders on December 23. Tenders totaled $57,817 

million; Treasury accepted $28,000 million. All 

noncompetitive and successful competitive bidders were 

allotted securities at the high yield of 1.539 percent with an 

equivalent price of $99.813005. Treasury accepted in full all 

competitive tenders at yields lower than 1.539 percent. 

Tenders at the high yield were allotted 16.89 percent. The 

median yield was 1.459 percent, and the low yield was 1.300 

percent. Noncompetitive tenders totaled $37 million. 

Competitive tenders accepted from private investors totaled 

$27,963 million. 

In addition to the $28,000 million of tenders accepted in 

the auction process, Treasury accepted $2,043 million from 

FRBs for their own accounts. The minimum par amount 

required for STRIPS of notes of Series T-2013 is $100. 
PUBLIC DEBT OPERATIONS 

March 2009

36 

TABLE PDO-1.—Offerings of Regular Weekly Treasury Bills 

[In millions of dollars. Source: Bureau of the Public Debt, Office of Financing] 

 On total competitive bids accepted 

Description of new issue Amounts of bids accepted 

 Issue date 

Maturity date 

(1) 

Number 

of days to 

 maturity 1

(2) 

Amount

of bids 

 tendered 

(3) 

Total 

amount 2

(4) 

 On

 competitive

 basis 

 (5) 

 On non-

 competitive

 basis 3 

 (6) 

 High 

 price per 

 hundred 

 (7) 

 High 

 discount 

 rate 

 (percent) 

 (8) 

 High invest-

 ment rate

 (percent) 4

 (9) 

Regular weekly: 

(4 week, 13 week, and 26 week) 

2008 - Oct. 02 .................. 2008 - Oct. 30 28 73,875.4 28,781.5 24,220.2 779.8 99.921444 1.010 1.025

 2009 - Jan. 02 92 85,244.4 26,000.1 23,655.6 2,144.5 99.718889 1.100 1.118

 Apr. 02 182 81,496.5 27,000.1 25,133.4 1,666.6 99.221444 1.540 1.574

Oct. 09.................. 2008 - Nov. 06 28 87,827.8 31,285.1 24,420.0 580.0 99.947111 0.680 0.690

 2009 - Jan. 08 91 73,502.8 26,000.0 23,854.4 2,045.7 99.883722 0.460 0.467

 Apr. 09 182 65,481.5 27,000.0 25,206.9 1,493.1 99.443889 1.100 1.122

Oct. 16.................. 2008 - Nov. 13 28 83,357.3 29,418.1 26,442.5 557.5 99.992222 0.100 0.101

 2009 - Jan. 15 91 82,994.0 25,000.3 22,748.2 2,052.1 99.873611 0.500 0.508

 Apr. 16 182 68,774.6 27,000.1 25,229.5 1,377.1 99.443889 1.100 1.122

Oct. 23.................. 2008 - Nov. 20 28 73,079.1 32,938.1 26,604.2 395.9 99.945556 0.700 0.710

 2009 - Jan. 22 91 62,279.1 25,000.1 23,145.7 1,839.3 99.684028 1.250 1.271

 Apr. 23 182 52,134.1 26,000.0 24,466.9 1,193.1 99.090000 1.800 1.842

Oct. 30.................. 2008 - Nov. 28 29 78,752.9 30,781.6 26,302.7 446.4 99.964556 0.440 0.446

 2009 - Jan. 29 91 74,806.2 25,000.2 22,395.0 1,766.5 99.772500 0.900 0.915

 Apr. 30 182 82,026.8 25,000.2 22,835.9 1,261.3 99.292222 1.400 1.430

Nov. 06................. 2008 - Dec. 04 28 98,107.3 40,285.1 33,488.7 411.3 99.975111 0.320 0.325

 2009 - Feb. 05 91 77,230.8 27,000.1 25,261.0 1,489.1 99.866028 0.530 0.538

 May 07 182 71,497.6 27,000.1 25,472.6 1,152.6 99.443889 1.100 1.122

Nov. 13................. 2008 - Dec. 11 28 105,342.4 36,418.1 33,546.4 453.6 99.994556 0.070 0.071

 2009 - Feb. 12 91 89,580.6 27,000.0 25,431.4 1,468.6 99.910264 0.355 0.360

 May 14 182 85,191.3 27,000.1 25,599.5 1,125.6 99.499500 0.990 1.009

Nov. 20................. 2008 - Dec. 18 28 94,778.8 37,938.1 31,394.3 337.1 99.992222 0.100 0.101

 2009 - Feb. 19 91 84,734.2 27,000.1 25,432.2 1,517.9 99.962083 0.150 0.152

 May 21 182 91,377.4 27,000.1 25,564.2 1,161.0 99.575333 0.840 0.855

Nov. 28................. 2008 - Dec. 26 28 88,349.2 35,781.6 31,363.9 410.9 99.996111 0.050 0.051

 2009 - Feb. 26 90 67,424.2 28,000.0 25,792.2 1,444.3 99.962500 0.150 0.152

 May 28 181 78,237.1 28,000.1 25,917.2 1,291.3 99.753639 0.490 0.498

Dec. 04................. 2009 - Jan. 02 29 119,941.0 42,285.3 35,613.5 386.6 99.996778 0.040 0.041

 Mar. 05 91 85,205.3 28,000.0 26,558.6 1,341.4 99.987361 0.050 0.051

 June 04 182 78,533.9 28,000.0 26,696.8 1,053.3 99.782611 0.430 0.437

Dec. 11................. Jan. 08 28 128,455.4 32,421.0 29,453.3 447.9 100.000000 0.000 0.000

 Mar. 12 91 89,977.0 27,000.0 25,565.0 1,335.0 99.998736 0.005 0.005

 June 11 182 71,017.4 27,000.2 25,835.2 1,065.0 99.848333 0.300 0.305

Dec. 18................. Jan. 15 28 97,690.2 30,941.3 24,686.3 317.0 100.000000 0.000 0.000

 Mar. 19 91 75,560.4 27,000.0 25,691.6 1,308.4 99.987361 0.050 0.051

 June 18 182 73,266.5 27,000.0 26,134.0 866.0 99.863500 0.270 0.274

Dec. 26................. Jan. 22 27 100,856.0 25,783.2 20,877.1 402.5 100.000000 0.000 0.000

Mar. 26 90 78,245.2 27,000.1 24,932.6 1,398.6 99.990000 0.040 0.041

June 25 181 72,223.0 27,000.1 25,383.3 967.6 99.856708 0.285 0.289

1

 All 4-week and 13-week bills represent additional issues of bills with an original maturity 

of 26 weeks or 52 weeks. Certain 26-week bills represent additional issues of bills with an 

original maturity of 52 weeks. 

2

 Includes amount awarded to the Federal Reserve System. 

3

 Tenders for $1 million or less from any one bidder are accepted in full at the high 

price of accepted competitive bids. However, as of September 21, 2004, the limit was 

raised to $5 million. All Treasury marketable auctions are conducted in a single-price 

format as of November 2, 1998. 

4

 Equivalent coupon-issue yield. 
PUBLIC DEBT OPERATIONS 

March 2009 

37

TABLE PDO-2.—Offerings of Marketable Securities 

Other than Regular Weekly Treasury Bills 

[In millions of dollars. Source: Bureau of the Public Debt, Office of Financing] 

Auction date 

Issue date 

(1) 

 Description of securities 1

 (2) 

Period to final maturity 

(years, months, days) 2

(3) 

Amount 

tendered 

(4) 

Amount 

accepted 3, 4

(5) 

Accepted yield and

equivalent price 

for notes and 

bonds 

(6) 

 

09/30/08 10/01/08 0.990% bill—10/16/08 15d 89,355 45,000 

10/01/08 10/02/08 1.100% bill—11/13/08 42d 139,806 50,000 

10/02/08 10/03/08 0.770% bill—11/28/08 56d 128,538 45,000 

10/06/08 10/07/08 0.500% bill—12/18/08 72d 89,706 30,000 

10/07/08 10/08/08 1.190% bill—12/26/08 79d 86,005 30,000 

10/08/08 10/09/08 0.770% bill—12/11/08 63d 110,595 40,000 

10/09/08 10/10/08 0.800% bill—01/15/09 97d 98,890 30,000 

10/08/08 10/15/08 4-1/8% note—05/15/15-C 6y 7m 12,155 10,000 3.310 - 104.781927 

10/08/08 10/15/08 4-1/4%note—08/15/15-E 6y 10m 21,142 10,000 3.440 - 104.888494 

10/08/08 10/15/08 1-3/8% TIPS—07/15/18-D 9y 9m 14,292 6,974 2.850 - 89.111177 

10/09/08 10/15/08 4% note—02/15/15-B 6y 4m 23,733 10,000 3.228 - 104.384130 

10/09/08 10/15/08 3-1/2% note—02/15/18-B 9y 4m 23,086 10,000 3.790 - 97.730424 

10/15/08 10/16/08 0.490% bill—12/18/08 63d 98,315 45,000 

10/16/08 10/20/08 1.350% bill—04/29/09 191d 84,054 35,000 

10/16/08 10/20/08 1.350% bill—06/24/09 247d 69,541 35,000 

10/17/08 10/20/08 0.800% bill—01/02/09 74d 76,664 30,000 

10/17/08 10/20/08 0.930% bill—01/22/09 94d 70,074 30,000 

10/20/08 10/22/08 1.600% bill—06/04/09 225d 66,476 35,000 

10/21/08 10/23/08 1.720% bill—10/22/09 364d 65,304 21,000 

10/22/08 10/23/08 1.240% bill—01/29/09 98d 86,684 40,000 

10/29/08 10/30/08 0.700% bill—01/02/09 64d 115,642 40,000 

10/27/08 10/31/08 0-5/8% TIPS—04/15/13-J 4y 6m 11,149 6,266 3.270 - 92.380436 

10/28/08 10/31/08 1-1/2% note—10/31/10-AD 2y 86,115 35,507 1.600 - 99.803937 

10/30/08 10/31/08 2-3/4% note—10/31/13-R 5y 55,713 25,063 2.825 - 99.652559 

11/04/08 11/06/08 1.330% bill—07/02/09 238d 93,423 40,000 

11/05/08 11/06/08 0.420% bill—01/22/09 77d 88,605 30,000 

11/13/08 11/14/08 0.990% bill—05/15/09 182d 91,772 40,000 

11/10/08 11/17/08 1-3/4% note—11/15/11-S 3y 81,273 29,443 1.800 - 99.854788 

11/12/08 11/17/08 3-3/4% note—11/15/18-F 10y 47,561 23,554 3.783 - 99.727098 

11/13/08 11/17/08 4-1/2% bond—05/15/38 29y 6m 22,492 11,777 4.310 - 103.154521 

11/17/08 11/18/08 1.050% bill—07/30/09 254d 93,728 35,000 

11/18/08 11/20/08 1.040% bill—11/19/09 364d 67,237 22,000 

11/25/08 11/28/08 1.000% bill—10/22/09 328d 78,860 35,000 

11/24/08 12/01/08 1-1/4% note—11/30/10-AE 2y 77,353 38,519 1.269 - 99.962624 

11/25/08 12/01/08 2% note—11/30/13-S 5y 65,256 27,819 2.110 - 99.480824 

12/10/08 12/11/08 0.390% bill—09/15/09 278d 64,442 20,000 

12/10/08 12/15/08 1-1/8% note—12/15/11-T 3y 61,117 28,842 1.245 - 99.647715 

12/11/08 12/15/08 3-3/4% note—11/15/18-F 9y 11m 39,535 16,481 2.670 - 109.352316 

12/16/08 12/18/08 0.590% bill—12/17/09 364d 56,549 22,000 

12/22/08 12/31/08 0-7/8% note—12/31/10-AF 2y 83,698 40,773 0.922 - 99.907073 

12/23/08 12/31/08 1-1/2% note—12/31/13-T 5y 59,860 30,044 1.539 - 99.813005 

 

1

 Currently, all issues are sold at auction. For bill issues, the rate shown is the high bank 

discount rate. For note and bond issues, the rate shown is the interest rate. For details of bill 

offerings, see table PDO-2. As of October 1, 1997, all Treasury issues of notes and bonds 

are eligible for STRIPS. 

2

 From date of additional issue in case of a reopening. 

3

 In reopenings, the amount accepted is in addition to the amount of original offerings. 

4

 Includes securities issued to the Federal Reserve System; and to foreign and international 

monetary authorities, whether in exchange for maturing securities or for new cash. 

Note.—Amounts listed as tendered and accepted are amounts tendered and awarded on 

auction day. 
March 2009 

38 

INTRODUCTION: Ownership of Federal Securities 

Federal securities presented in the following tables are 

public debt securities such as savings bonds, bills, notes, and 

bonds that the Treasury issues. The tables also detail debt 

issued by other Federal agencies under special financing 

authorities. [See the Federal debt (FD) tables for a more 

complete description of the Federal debt.] 

Effective January 1, 2001, Treasury’s Bureau of the 

Public Debt revised formats, titles, and column headings in 

the “Monthly Statement of the Public Debt of the United 

States,” Table I: Summary of Treasury Securities 

Outstanding and Table II: Statutory Debt Limit. These 

changes should reduce confusion and bring the publication 

more in line with the public’s use of terms. 

Treasury’s Financial Management Service (FMS) 

compiles data in the “Treasury Bulletin” table OFS-1 from 

the “Monthly Statement of the Public Debt of the United 

States.” Effective June 2001, FMS revised procedures and 

categories in this table to agree with the Bureau of the Public 

Debt’s publication changes. 

• Table OFS-1 presents Treasury marketable and 

nonmarketable securities and debt issued by other Federal 

agencies held by Government accounts, the FRBs, and 

private investors. Social Security and Federal retirement 

trust fund investments comprise much of the Government 

account holdings. 

The FRBs acquire Treasury securities in the market as a 

means of executing monetary policy. 

• Table OFS-2 presents the estimated ownership of 

U.S. Treasury securities. Information is primarily obtained 

from the Federal Reserve Board of Governors Flow of Funds 

data, Table L209. State, local, and foreign holdings include 

special issues of nonmarketable securities to municipal 

entities and foreign official accounts. They also include 

municipal, foreign official, and private holdings of 

marketable Treasury securities. (See footnotes to the table 

for description of investor categories.) 
OWNERSHIP OF FEDERAL SECURITIES 

March 2009 

39

TABLE OFS-1.—Distribution of Federal Securities by Class of Investors and Type of Issues 

[In millions of dollars. Source: Financial Management Service] 

Public debt securities 

Held by U.S. Government accounts 

End of 

fiscal year 

or month 

Total 

Federal 

securities 

outstanding 

(1) 

Total 

outstanding 

(2) 

Total 

(3) 

Marketable 

(4) 

Nonmarketable 

(5) 

Public issues 

held by Federal

Reserve banks

(6) 

 

2004 ................................................ 7,403,236 7,379,053 3,075,687 142 3,075,545 698,207 

2005 ................................................ 7,956,346 7,932,710 3,331,333 1 3,331,332 733,439 

2006 ................................................ 8,530,366 8,506,974 3,663,773 1 3,663,772 764,828 

2007 ................................................ 9,030,612 9,007,653 3,958,417 1 3,958,416 774,913 

2008 ................................................ 10,047,828 10,024,725 4,210,491 - 4,210,491 484,486 

 

2007 - Dec....................................... 9,252,317 9,229,172 4,092,890 1 4,092,889 735,735 

2008 - Jan ....................................... 9,261,110 9,238,008 4,105,795 1 4,105,794 708,807 

Feb ...................................... 9,381,029 9,358,051 4,098,349 1 4,098,348 708,806 

Mar ...................................... 9,461,058 9,437,594 4,103,552 1 4,103,551 586,473 

Apr....................................... 9,400,719 9,377,557 4,133,040 1 4,133,039 543,805 

May...................................... 9,411,969 9,388,798 4,110,207 - 4,110,207 481,632 

June..................................... 9,515,532 9,492,006 4,206,987 - 4,206,987 473,303 

July ...................................... 9,608,823 9,585,479 4,182,264 - 4,182,264 473,303 

Aug ...................................... 9,668,997 9,645,755 4,166,662 - 4,166,662 473,303 

Sept..................................... 10,047,828 10,024,725 4,210,491 - 4,210,491 484,486 

Oct....................................... 10,599,663 10,574,094 4,266,386 - 4,266,386 483,606 

Nov ...................................... 10,684,427 10,661,175 4,260,586 - 4,260,586 477,868 

Dec ...................................... 10,723,156 10,699,805 4,327,160 - 4,327,160 489,694 

 

 Public debt securities, con. Agency securities 

Held by private investors 

End of 

fiscal year 

or month 

Total 

(7) 

Marketable

(8) 

Nonmarketable 

(9) 

Total 

outstanding 

(10) 

 Held by 

 private 

 investors 

 (11) 

 

2004 .................................................................... 3,605,159 3,147,752 457,407 24,183 24,183 

2005 .................................................................... 3,867,938 3,351,440 516,498 23,637 23,637 

2006 .................................................................... 4,078,373 3,538,210 540,163 23,392 23,392 

2007 .................................................................... 4,274,323 3,673,220 601,103 22,959 22,959 

2008 .................................................................... 5,329,748 4,751,490 578,258 23,104 23,104 

 

2007 - Dec........................................................... 4,400,548 3,800,849 599,698 23,145 23,145 

2008 - Jan ........................................................... 4,423,406 3,824,078 599,328 23,102 23,102 

Feb .......................................................... 4,550,896 3,952,580 598,316 22,978 22,978 

Mar .......................................................... 4,747,569 4,145,887 601,682 23,464 23,464 

Apr........................................................... 4,700,712 4,098,756 601,956 23,163 23,163 

May.......................................................... 4,796,960 4,203,552 593,408 23,170 23,170 

June......................................................... 4,811,716 4,223,123 588,594 23,527 23,527 

July .......................................................... 4,929,913 4,348,820 581,092 23,344 23,344 

Aug .......................................................... 5,005,790 4,428,587 577,203 23,243 23,243 

Sept......................................................... 5,329,748 4,751,490 578,258 23,104 23,104 

Oct........................................................... 5,824,102 5,245,754 578,348 25,569 25,569 

Nov .......................................................... 5,922,721 5,344,797 577,924 23,252 23,252 

Dec .......................................................... 5,882,951 5,307,950 575,001 23,352 23,352 

 
OWNERSHIP OF FEDERAL SECURITIES 

March 2009 

40 

TABLE OFS-2.—Estimated Ownership of U.S. Treasury Securities 

[In billions of dollars. Source: Office of Debt Management, Office of the Under Secretary for Domestic Finance] 

 Pension funds 3 

End of month 

Total 

public 

debt 1

(1) 

Federal 

Reserve and 

Intragovernmental 

Holdings 2

(2) 

Total 

privately 

held 

(3) 

 Depository 

 institutions 3, 4

 (4) 

U.S.

savings

bonds 5

(5) 

 Private 6

 (6) 

State and

local 

governments

 (7) 

 Insurance 

 compa- 

 nies 3

 (8) 

Mutual 

funds 3, 7

(9) 

 State and 

 local 

 govern- 

 ments 3

 (10) 

 Foreign

 and inter-

 national 8

 (11) 

Other 

investors 9

(12) 

 

1997 - Mar......... 5,380.9 1,928.7 3,452.2 317.3 186.5 141.7 211.1 181.8 221.6 248.1 1,157.6 786.5 

 June ....... 5,376.2 1,998.9 3,377.3 300.2 186.3 142.1 214.9 183.1 216.4 243.3 1,182.7 708.2 

 Sept........ 5,413.1 2,011.5 3,401.6 292.8 186.2 143.0 223.5 186.8 221.3 235.2 1,230.5 682.3 

 Dec......... 5,502.4 2,087.8 3,414.6 300.3 186.5 144.1 219.0 176.6 232.3 239.3 1,241.6 674.9 

1998 - Mar......... 5,542.4 2,104.9 3,437.5 308.3 186.2 141.3 212.1 169.5 234.6 238.1 1,250.5 696.9 

 June ....... 5,547.9 2,198.6 3,349.3 290.9 186.0 139.0 213.2 160.6 230.8 258.5 1,256.0 614.4 

 Sept........ 5,526.2 2,213.0 3,313.2 244.5 185.9 135.5 207.8 151.4 231.7 271.8 1,224.2 660.3 

 Dec......... 5,614.2 2,280.2 3,334.0 237.4 186.6 133.2 212.6 141.7 257.6 280.8 1,278.7 605.4 

1999 - Mar......... 5,651.6 2,324.1 3,327.5 247.4 186.5 135.5 211.5 137.5 245.0 288.4 1,272.3 603.4 

 June ....... 5,638.8 2,439.6 3,199.2 240.6 186.5 142.9 213.8 133.6 228.1 298.6 1,258.8 496.3 

 Sept........ 5,656.3 2,480.9 3,175.4 241.2 186.2 150.9 204.8 128.0 222.5 299.2 1,281.4 461.1 

 Dec......... 5,776.1 2,542.2 3,233.9 248.7 186.4 153.0 198.8 123.4 228.7 304.5 1,268.7 521.7 

2000 - Mar......... 5,773.4 2,590.6 3,182.8 237.7 185.3 150.2 196.9 120.0 222.3 306.3 1,106.9 657.2 

 June ....... 5,685.9 2,698.6 2,987.3 222.2 184.6 149.0 194.9 116.5 205.4 309.3 1,082.0 523.5 

 Sept........ 5,674.2 2,737.9 2,936.3 220.5 184.3 147.9 185.5 113.7 207.8 307.9 1,057.9 510.8 

 Dec......... 5,662.2 2,781.8 2,880.4 201.5 184.8 145.0 179.1 110.2 225.7 310.0 1,034.2 490.0 

2001 - Mar......... 5,773.7 2,880.9 2,892.8 188.0 184.8 153.4 177.3 109.1 225.3 316.9 1,029.9 508.1 

 June ....... 5,726.8 3,004.2 2,722.6 188.1 185.5 148.5 183.1 108.1 221.0 324.8 1,000.5 363.1 

 Sept........ 5,807.5 3,027.8 2,779.7 189.1 186.4 149.9 166.8 106.8 234.1 321.2 1,005.5 419.8 

 Dec......... 5,943.4 3,123.9 2,819.5 181.5 190.3 144.6 155.1 105.7 261.9 328.4 1,051.2 400.8 

2002 - Mar......... 6,006.0 3,156.8 2,849.2 187.6 191.9 150.6 163.3 114.0 266.1 327.6 1,067.1 381.0 

 June ....... 6,126.5 3,276.7 2,849.8 204.7 192.7 149.0 153.9 122.0 253.8 333.6 1,135.4 304.6 

 Sept........ 6,228.2 3,303.5 2,924.8 209.3 193.3 151.4 156.3 130.4 256.8 338.6 1,200.8 287.9 

 Dec......... 6,405.7 3,387.2 3,018.5 222.6 194.9 150.8 158.9 139.7 281.0 354.7 1,246.8 269.2 

2003 - Mar......... 6,460.8 3,390.8 3,069.9 153.6 196.9 162.9 162.1 139.5 296.6 350.0 1,286.3 322.0 

 June ....... 6,670.1 3,505.4 3,164.7 145.4 199.1 167.3 161.3 138.7 302.3 347.9 1,382.8 320.0 

 Sept........ 6,783.2 3,515.3 3,268.0 147.0 201.5 164.6 155.5 137.4 287.1 357.7 1,454.2 363.1 

 Dec......... 6,998.0 3,620.1 3,377.9 153.3 203.8 169.2 148.6 136.5 280.8 364.2 1,533.0 388.4 

2004 - Mar......... 7,131.1 3,628.3 3,502.8 162.9 204.4 167.0 143.6 141.0 280.8 374.1 1,677.1 351.9 

 June ....... 7,274.3 3,742.8 3,531.5 158.7 204.6 170.2 134.9 144.1 258.7 381.2 1,739.6 339.5 

 Sept........ 7,379.1 3,772.0 3,607.0 138.5 204.1 170.6 140.8 147.4 255.0 381.7 1,798.7 370.1 

 Dec......... 7,596.1 3,905.6 3,690.6 125.0 204.4 170.5 151.0 149.7 254.1 389.1 1,853.4 393.3 

2005 - Mar......... 7,776.9 3,921.6 3,855.4 141.8 204.2 174.3 158.0 152.4 261.1 412.0 1,956.3 395.2 

 June ....... 7,836.5 4,033.5 3,803.0 127.0 204.2 177.5 171.3 155.0 248.7 444.0 1,879.6 395.8 

 Sept........ 7,932.7 4,067.8 3,864.9 125.4 203.6 180.9 164.8 159.0 244.7 467.6 1,930.6 388.2 

 Dec......... 8,170.4 4,199.8 3,970.6 117.2 205.1 181.2 153.8 160.4 251.3 481.4 2,036.0 384.1 

2006 - Mar......... 8,371.2 4,257.2 4,114.0 115.4 206.0 183.0 153.0 161.3 248.7 486.1 2,084.5 475.9 

 June ....... 8,420.0 4,389.2 4,030.8 117.4 205.2 188.4 150.9 161.2 244.2 499.4 1,979.8 484.2 

 Sept........ 8,507.0 4,432.8 4,074.2 113.8 203.7 195.2 151.6 160.6 235.7 502.1 2,027.3 484.2 

 Dec......... 8,680.2 4,558.1 4,122.1 115.1 202.4 204.2 153.0 159.0 250.7 516.9 2,105.0 415.8 

2007 - Mar......... 8,849.7 4,576.6 4,273.1 119.9 200.3 216.5 155.1 150.8 264.2 535.0 2,196.7 434.5 

 June ....... 8,867.7 4,715.1 4,152.6 110.6 198.6 224.2 156.1 142.1 267.2 550.3 2,193.9 309.6 

 Sept........ 9,007.7 4,738.0 4,269.7 119.8 197.1 237.9 161.4 133.4 306.2 541.4 2,237.2 335.2 

 Dec......... 9,229.2 4,833.5 4,395.7 129.9 196.5 255.6 164.5 123.3 362.7 531.5 2,352.9 278.8 

2008 - Mar......... 9,437.6 4,694.7 4,742.9 127.4 195.4 273.1 165.0 123.4 464.7 523.6 2,507.5 362.7 

 June ....... 9,492.0 4,685.8 4,806.2 114.9 195.0 282.0 164.7 123.4 460.8 522.2 2,634.2 308.9 

 Sept........ 10,024.7 4,692.7 5,332.0 133.0 194.3 290.2 166.2 130.0 621.3 535.7 2,848.2 413.2 

 Dec......... 10,699.8 4,806.4 5,893.4 n.a. 194.1 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. 3,125.0 n.a. 

 

 1

 Source: “Monthly Statement of the Public Debt of the United States (MSPD).” Face 

value. 

2

 Sources: Federal Reserve Bulletin, table 1.18, Federal Reserve banks, statement of 

condition, for System Open Market Accounts; and the U. S. Treasury MSPD for 

intragovernmental holdings. Federal Reserve holdings exclude Treasury securities 

held under repurchase agreements. 

3

 Source: Federal Reserve Board of Governors, Flow of Funds Table L.209. 

4

 Includes commercial banks, savings institutions, and credit unions. 

5

 Source: “Monthly Statement of the Public Debt of the United States.” Current 

 accrual value. 

6 Includes U.S. Treasury securities held by the Federal Employees Retirement System 

Thrift Savings Plan "G Fund." 

7

 Includes money market mutual funds, mutual funds, and closed-end investment 

companies.

8

 Source: Federal Reserve Board Treasury International Capital Survey. Includes 

nonmarketable foreign series, Treasury securities, and Treasury deposit funds. Excludes 

Treasury securities held under repurchase agreements in custody accounts at the Federal 

Reserve Bank of New York. Estimates reflect the 1989 benchmark to 1994, the 1994 

benchmark to September 2001, the March 2000 benchmark to September 2002, the June 

2002 benchmark to December 2003, the June 2003 benchmark to March 2004, the June 

2004 benchmark to March 2005, the June 2005 benchmark to February 2006, and the 

June 2006 benchmark to February 2007. For additional information see: 

http://www.treas.gov/tic/ticsec2.shtml. 

9

 Includes individuals, Government-sponsored enterprises, brokers and dealers, bank 

personal trusts and estates, corporate and non-corporate businesses, and other investors. 
March 2009 

41

INTRODUCTION: Market Yields

The table in this section presents yields on Treasury 

marketable securities for maturities ranging from 1 month to 

30 years. 

Table MY-1 lists Treasury market bid yields at constant 

maturities for bills, notes, and bonds. These Constant 

Maturity Treasury rates (CMTs) are interpolated from the 

Treasury yield curve and published daily at Treasury’s 

Domestic Finance web site, www.ustreas.gov/offices/domesticfinance/debt-management/interest-rate/yield.shtml. The 

yield curve is fitted daily using a hermite cubic spline. For 

inputs, Treasury primarily uses the bid yields of the on-therun securities (most recently auctioned Treasury securities in 

all maturity tranches that Treasury currently auctions) as 

quoted in the secondary bond market as of approximately 

3:30 p.m. each trading day. CMT yields are based on 

semiannual interest payments and are read at constant 

maturity points to develop a consistent data series. 

The quotations used by Treasury to calculate the bid 

yields and fit the yield curve are obtained by the Federal 

Reserve Bank of New York. The Board of Governors of the 

Federal Reserve System also publishes the Treasury constant 

maturity data series in its weekly Statistical Release H.15. 

Treasury discontinued the 30-year constant maturity 

yield during the time period February 18, 2002, through 

February 8, 2006. Thus, 30-year yields for that time frame 

are not available. 

TABLE MY-1.—Treasury Market Bid Yields at Constant Maturities: 

Bills, Notes, and Bonds* 

[In percentages. Source: Office of Debt Management, Office of the Under Secretary for Domestic Finance] 

Period 

1-mo. 

(1) 

3-mo. 

(2) 

6-mo. 

(3) 

1-yr.

(4) 

2-yr. 

(5) 

3-yr.

(6) 

5-yr. 

(7) 

7-yr. 

(8) 

10-yr. 

(9) 

20-yr.

(10) 

 30-yr.

 (11) 

 

Monthly average: 

2008 - Jan...................................... 2.74 2.82 2.84 2.71 2.48 2.51 2.98 3.31 3.74 4.35 4.33 

Feb..................................... 2.27 2.17 2.10 2.05 1.97 2.19 2.78 3.21 3.74 4.49 4.52 

Mar..................................... 1.35 1.28 1.51 1.54 1.62 1.80 2.48 2.93 3.51 4.36 4.39 

Apr ..................................... 1.07 1.31 1.58 1.74 2.05 2.23 2.84 3.19 3.68 4.44 4.44 

May .................................... 1.76 1.76 1.86 2.06 2.45 2.69 3.15 3.46 3.88 4.60 4.60 

June................................... 1.72 1.89 2.19 2.42 2.77 3.08 3.49 3.73 4.10 4.74 4.69 

July .................................... 1.60 1.66 1.98 2.28 2.57 2.87 3.30 3.60 4.01 4.62 4.57 

Aug .................................... 1.68 1.75 1.97 2.18 2.42 2.70 3.14 3.46 3.89 4.53 4.50 

Sept ................................... 0.89 1.15 1.64 1.91 2.08 2.32 2.88 3.25 3.69 4.32 4.27 

Oct ..................................... 0.29 0.69 1.23 1.42 1.61 1.86 2.73 3.19 3.81 4.45 4.17 

Nov .................................... 0.09 0.19 0.74 1.07 1.21 1.51 2.29 2.82 3.53 4.27 4.00 

 Dec .................................... 0.03 0.03 0.26 0.49 0.82 1.07 1.52 1.89 2.42 3.18 2.87 

 

End of month: 

2008 - Jan...................................... 1.64 1.96 2.07 2.11 2.17 2.27 2.82 3.19 3.67 4.35 4.35 

Feb..................................... 2.07 1.85 1.83 1.77 1.65 1.87 2.50 2.96 3.53 4.37 4.41 

Mar..................................... 1.22 1.38 1.51 1.55 1.62 1.79 2.46 2.88 3.45 4.30 4.30 

Apr ..................................... 1.17 1.43 1.64 1.85 2.29 2.49 3.03 3.34 3.77 4.49 4.49 

May .................................... 1.98 1.89 2.01 2.22 2.66 2.93 3.41 3.68 4.06 4.74 4.72 

June................................... 1.60 1.90 2.17 2.36 2.63 2.91 3.34 3.61 3.99 4.59 4.53 

July .................................... 1.55 1.68 1.89 2.27 2.52 2.81 3.25 3.56 3.99 4.63 4.59 

Aug .................................... 1.63 1.72 1.97 2.17 2.36 2.60 3.10 3.45 3.83 4.47 4.43 

Sept ................................... 1.02 0.92 1.60 1.78 2.00 2.28 2.98 3.38 3.85 4.43 4.31 

Oct ..................................... 0.12 0.46 0.94 1.34 1.56 1.80 2.80 3.29 4.01 4.74 4.35 

Nov .................................... 0.02 0.01 0.44 0.90 1.00 1.27 1.93 2.35 2.93 3.71 3.45 

 Dec .................................... 0.11 0.11 0.27 0.37 0.76 1.00 1.55 1.87 2.25 3.05 2.69 

 

* Rates are from the Treasury yields curve. 
March 2009 

42 

INTRODUCTION: U.S. Currency and Coin Outstanding and in Circulation 

The U.S. Currency and Coin Outstanding and in 

Circulation (USCC) statement informs the public of the total 

face value of currency and coin used as a medium of 

exchange that is in circulation at the end of a given 

accounting month. The statement defines the total amount of 

currency and coin outstanding and the portion deemed to be 

in circulation. It includes some old and current rare issues 

that do not circulate or that may do so to a limited extent. 

Treasury includes them in the statement because the issues 

were originally intended for general circulation. 

The USCC statement provides a description of the 

various issues of paper money. It also gives an estimated 

average of currency and coin held by each individual, using 

estimates of population from the Bureau of the Census. 

USCC information has been published by Treasury since 

1888, and was published separately until 1983, when it was 

incorporated into the “Treasury Bulletin.” The USCC comes 

from monthly reports compiled by Treasury offices, U.S. 

Mint offices, the Federal Reserve banks (FRBs), and the 

Federal Reserve Board. 

TABLE USCC-1.—Amounts Outstanding and in Circulation, December 31, 2008 

[Source: Financial Management Service] 

Currency 

Total 

currency 

and coin 

(1) 

Total currency 

(2) 

Federal Reserve notes 1

(3) 

U.S. notes 

(4) 

Currency no

longer issued

(5) 

Amounts outstanding .............................. $1,061,523,382,683 $1,023,336,654,780 $1,022,849,431,368 $242,165,766 $245,057,646

Less amounts held by: 

The Treasury....................................... 268,121,155 7,181,372 7,156,698 7,505 17,169

FRBs ................................................... 171,370,083,161 169,681,830,702 169,681,821,446 - 9,256

Amounts in circulation............................. $889,885,178,367 $853,647,642,706 $853,160,453,224 $242,158,261 $245,031,221

Coins 2

Total 

(1) 

Dollars 3

(2) 

Fractional 

coins 

(3) 

 

Amounts outstanding .............................. $38,186,727,903 $3,505,529,008 $34,681,198,895 

Less amounts held by: 

The Treasury....................................... 260,939,783 199,706,792 61,232,991 

FRBs ................................................... 1,688,252,459 580,326,294 1,107,926,165 

Amounts in circulation............................. $36,237,535,661 $2,725,495,922 $33,512,039,739 

See footnotes following table USCC-2. 
U.S. CURRENCY AND COIN OUTSTANDING AND IN CIRCULATION 

March 2009 

43

TABLE USCC-2.—Amounts Outstanding and in Circulation, December 31, 2008 

[Source: Financial Management Service] 

Currency in circulation by denomination 

Total 

(1) 

Federal Reserve notes 1 

(2) 

U.S. notes 

(3) 

Currency no 

longer issued 

(4) 

$1 ................................................................................ $9,476,926,931 $9,333,994,305 $143,503 $142,789,123 

$2 ................................................................................ 1,664,966,010 1,532,830,864 132,122,518 12,628 

$5 ................................................................................ 11,029,794,255 10,894,067,815 108,798,010 26,928,430 

$10 .............................................................................. 16,287,189,690 16,266,182,690 6,300 21,000,700 

$20 .............................................................................. 125,119,302,520 125,099,191,900 3,840 20,106,780 

$50 .............................................................................. 64,727,257,900 64,715,752,450 500 11,504,950 

$100 ............................................................................ 625,028,920,800 625,005,840,700 1,073,000 22,007,100 

$500 ............................................................................ 142,317,000 142,107,500 5,500 204,000 

$1,000 ......................................................................... 165,667,000 165,415,000 5,000 247,000 

$5,000 ......................................................................... 1,780,000 1,710,000 - 70,000 

$10,000 ....................................................................... 3,520,000 3,360,000 - 160,000 

Fractional notes 4 ........................................................ 600 - 90 510 

Total currency ......................................................... $853,647,642,706 $853,160,453,224 $242,158,261 $245,031,221 

Comparative totals of currency and coins in circulation—selected dates 

 Amounts (in millions) 

 (1) 

 Per capita 5 

 (2) 

 

Dec. 31, 2008....................................................................................... $889,885 $2,853 

Nov. 31, 2008....................................................................................... 872,308 2,853 

Oct. 31, 2008........................................................................................ 859,107 2,810 

Sept. 30, 2005...................................................................................... 766,487 2,578 

Sept. 30, 2000...................................................................................... 568,614 2,061 

Sept. 30, 1995...................................................................................... 409,272 1,553 

Sept. 30, 1990...................................................................................... 278,903 1,105 

Sept. 30, 1985...................................................................................... 187,337 782 

Sept. 30, 1980...................................................................................... 129,916 581 

June 30, 1975 ...................................................................................... 81,196 380 

June 30, 1970 ...................................................................................... 54,351 265 

June 30, 1965 ...................................................................................... 39,719 204 

June 30, 1960 ...................................................................................... 32,064 177 

June 30, 1955 ...................................................................................... 30,229 183 

 

 1

 Issued on or after July 1, 1929. 

2

 Excludes coins sold to collectors at premium prices. 

3

 Includes $481,781,898 in standard silver dollars. 

4

 Represents value of certain fractional denominations not presented for redemption. 

5

 Based on Bureau of the Census’ estimates of population. 
International Financial Statistics

Capital Movements

Foreign Currency Positions

Exchange Stabilization Fund
March 2009 

47

INTRODUCTION: International Financial Statistics

The tables in this section provide statistics on U.S. 

Government reserve assets, liabilities to foreigners, and its 

international financial position. All monetary figures are in 

dollars or dollar equivalents. 

• Table IFS-1 shows reserve assets of the United 

States, including its gold stock, special drawing rights held 

in the Special Drawing Account in the International 

Monetary Fund (IMF), holdings of convertible foreign 

currencies and reserve position in the IMF. 

• Table IFS-2 contains statistics on liabilities to 

foreign official institutions, and selected liabilities to all 

other foreigners, which are used in the U.S. balance of 

payments statistics. 

• Table IFS-3 shows nonmarketable bonds and notes 

that the Treasury issues to official institutions and other 

residents of foreign countries. 

TABLE IFS-1.—U.S. Reserve Assets 

[In millions of dollars. Source: Treasury International Capital Reporting System] 

End of calendar 

year or month 

Total reserve 

assets 1

(1) 

Gold stock 2

(2) 

Special drawing 

rights 1, 3

(3) 

Foreign 

currencies 4

(4) 

Reserve 

position in 

International

Monetary

Fund 1, 5

(5) 

 

2004 ................................................................................... 85,938 11,043 12,638 39,722 22,535 

2005 ................................................................................... 86,824 11,045 13,582 42,718 19,479 

2006 ................................................................................... 65,127 11,043 8,210 37,838 8,036 

2007 ................................................................................... 65,895 11,041 8,870 40,943 5,040 

 

2008 - Jan .......................................................................... 72,017 11,041 9,566 47,173 4,237 

Feb ......................................................................... 73,404 11,041 9,688 48,395 4,280 

Mar ......................................................................... 75,764 11,041 9,892 50,529 4,302 

Apr.......................................................................... 74,372 11,041 9,767 49,311 4,253 

May......................................................................... 75,170 11,041 9,771 49,247 5,111 

June........................................................................ 75,740 11,041 9,849 49,613 5,237 

July ......................................................................... 74,832 11,041 9,772 49,089 4,930 

Aug ......................................................................... 72,560 11,041 9,494 47,252 4,774 

Sept........................................................................ 71,834 11,041 9,418 46,626 4,750 

Oct.......................................................................... 69,763 11,041 9,001 45,288 4,433 

Nov ......................................................................... 73,378 11,041 9,023 45,970 7,344 

Dec ......................................................................... 77,648 11,041 9,340 49,584 7,683 

2009 - Jan .......................................................................... 75,364 11,041 9,047 47,595 7,680 

 

1

 Beginning July 1974, the International Monetary Fund (IMF) adopted a technique for valuing 

the special drawing right (SDR) based on a weighted average of exchange rates for the 

currencies of selected member countries. The U.S. SDR holdings and reserve position in the 

IMF also are valued on this basis beginning July 1974. 

2

 Treasury values its gold stock at $42.2222 per fine troy ounce and pursuant to 31 United 

States Code 5117 (b) issues gold certificates to the Federal Reserve at the same rate against 

all gold held. 

3

 Includes allocations of SDRs in the Special Drawing Account in the IMF, plus or minus 

transactions in SDRs. 

4

 Includes holdings of Treasury and Federal Reserve System; beginning November 

1978, these are valued at current market exchange rates or, where appropriate, at 

such other rates as may be agreed upon by the parties to the transactions. Excludes 

outstanding reciprocal currency swaps with the foreign central banks. At end-January 

2009 swaps outstanding were $387.448 billion: $206.373 billion with the European 

Central Bank, $20.380 billion with the Swiss National Bank, $23.453 billion with the 

Bank of England, $84.582 billion with the Bank of Japan, $10.160 billion with the 

Federal Reserve Bank of Australia, $10 billion with the Bank of Sweden, $9.1 billion 

with the National Bank of Denmark, $7.05 billion with the Bank of Norway, and 

$16.350 billion with the Bank of Korea. 

5

 The United States has the right to purchase foreign currencies equivalent to its 

reserve position in the IMF automatically if needed. Under appropriate conditions, the 

United States could purchase additional amounts related to the U.S. quota. 

Note.—Detail may not add to totals due to rounding. 
INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL STATISTICS 

March 2009 

48 

TABLE IFS-2.—Selected U.S. Liabilities to Foreigners 

[In millions of dollars. Source: Treasury International Capital Reporting System] 

 Liabilities to foreign countries 

 Official institutions 1 

Liabilities to other foreigners 

End of 

calendar 

year or 

month 

Total 

(1) 

Total 

(2) 

Liabilities 

reported 

by 

banks in 

United 

States 

(3) 

Marketable

U.S. 

Treasury

bonds 

and 

notes 2

(4) 

Nonmarketable

U.S. 

Treasury

bonds 

and 

notes 3

(5) 

Other 

readily 

marketable

liabilities 2, 4

(6) 

Liabilities 

to 

banks 5

(7) 

Total 

(8) 

Liabilities 

reported 

by banks 

in the 

United 

States 

(9) 

Marketable

U.S. 

Treasury

bonds 

and 

notes 2, 6

(10) 

Liabilities

to nonmonetary

international and 

regional 

organizations 7

(11) 

 

2000 - Mar. 8 .......... 2,585,384 807,303 301,358 431,184 5,734 69,027 933,296 813,312 196,440 616,872 31,473 

Series Break........... 2,445,944 900,117 301,358 490,145 5,734 102,880 933,296 586,996 196,440 390,556 25,535 

2000 ....................... 2,565,942 916,095 297,603 475,866 5,348 137,278 1,049,619 581,302 228,332 352,970 18,926 

2001 ....................... 2,724,292 923,501 282,290 479,340 3,411 158,460 1,125,812 653,367 284,671 368,696 21,612 

2002 - June 8 ......... 3,002,222 981,627 328,090 476,197 3,000 174,340 1,299,551 696,781 296,705 400,076 24,263 

Series Break........... 3,003,380 1,039,702 328,090 556,603 3,000 152,009 1,299,551 642,437 296,705 345,732 21,690 

2002 ....................... 3,235,231 1,075,034 335,090 566,895 2,769 170,280 1,382,628 750,877 325,764 425,113 26,692 

2003 - June 8 .......... 3,586,765 1,169,600 379,114 601,767 2,876 185,843 1,431,589 957,712 452,617 505,095 27,864 

Series Break........... 3,603,925 1,233,261 379,114 650,336 2,876 200,935 1,431,589 911,398 452,617 458,781 27,677 

2003 ....................... 3,863,508 1,340,497 401,856 719,302 2,613 216,726 1,439,484 1,057,446 518,962 538,484 26,081 

2004 - June 8 ......... 4,469,769 1,559,686 483,415 844,444 1,569 230,258 1,559,518 1,326,934 666,476 660,458 23,631 

Series Break .......... 4,407,294 1,648,167 483,415 910,456 1,569 252,727 1,559,518 1,169,285 666,476 502,809 30,324 

2004 ....................... 4,819,747 1,775,080 515,586 986,454 1,630 271,409 1,677,951 1,336,538 805,483 531,055 30,178 

2005 - June 8 ........ 5,071,533 1,821,338 493,704 1,030,763 911 295,960 1,791,611 1,424,082 776,836 647,246 34,502 

Series Break .......... 5,066,404 1,957,191 493,704 1,077,953 911 384,623 1,791,611 1,272,697 776,836 495,861 44,905 

2005 ....................... 5,371,689 2,012,633 498,510 1,102,333 948 410,842 1,895,920 1,415,705 769,564 646,141 47,431 

2006 - June 8 ......... 6,067,606 2,070,222 493,689 1,112,617 986 462,930 2,189,215 1,747,236 1,041,237 705,999 60,933 

Series Break .......... 6,056,316 2,275,684 493,689 1,211,819 986 569,190 2,189,215 1,536,930 1,041,237 495,693 54,487 

2006 ....................... 6,500,815 2,372,146 461,656 1,271,174 1,026 638,290 2,415,205 1,663,272 1,102,362 560,910 50,192 

2007 - June 8.......... 7,095,223 2,515,167 495,176 1,281,070 1,067 737,854 2,607,127 1,922,800 1,257,884 664,916 50,129 

Series Break .......... 7,206,880 2,795,998 495,176 1,450,593 1,067 849,161 2,607,127 1,756,192 1,257,884 498,308 47,563 

 

2007- Dec. r ........... 7,676,097 2,960,682 596,660 1,443,691 1,111 919,220 2,769,850 1,901,789 1,311,466 590,323 43,776 

2008 - Jan. r........... 7,786,089 3,026,966 623,519 1,479,792 1,118 922,536 2,741,442 1,970,682 1,379,650 591,032 46,999 

Feb. r .......... 7,877,666 3,014,409 608,986 1,476,198 1,125 928,099 2,759,533 2,057,747 1,450,990 606,757 45,977 

Mar. r .......... 7,876,664 3,028,218 574,751 1,504,209 1,133 948,124 2,733,258 2,069,751 1,440,161 629,590 45,437 

Apr. r........... 7,904,939 3,061,337 567,040 1,526,507 1,140 966,649 2,681,487 2,120,001 1,436,131 683,870 42,114 

May r........... 7,863,434 3,079,202 568,497 1,522,783 1,148 986,773 2,587,530 2,151,341 1,461,904 689,437 45,362 

June r.......... 7,760,608 3,096,073 571,012 1,523,888 1,155 1,000,017 2,528,835 2,093,385 1,377,376 716,009 42,315 

July ............. 7,761,133 3,116,242 597,093 1,533,956 1,163 984,029 2,477,911 2,123,573 1,383,252 740,321 43,407 

Aug ............. 7,808,290 3,118,077 607,728 1,538,804 1,171 970,373 2,481,414 2,164,072 1,395,559 768,513 44,727 

Sept ............ 7,808,094 3,137,768 632,294 1,543,748 1,179 960,546 2,567,451 2,062,622 1,278,592 784,030 40,254 

Oct .............. 8,045,569 3,152,262 663,873 1,542,664 1,187 944,538 2,834,696 2,018,066 1,199,559 818,507 40,545 

Nov. p ......... 7,996,668 3,144,329 694,707 1,516,459 1,194 931,968 2,819,710 1,983,339 1,164,999 818,340 49,290 

Dec. p ......... 7,877,123 3,152,008 707,856 1,520,310 1,203 922,639 2,683,349 1,989,619 1,159,451 830,168 52,147 

 

1

 Includes Bank for International Settlements. 

2

 Derived by applying reported transactions to benchmark data. 

3

 Includes current value of zero-coupon Treasury bond issues to foreign governments as 

follows: Mexico, beginning March 1990, 30-year maturity issue; Venezuela, beginning 

December 1990, 30-year maturity issue; Argentina, beginning April 1993, 30-year maturity 

issue. Also, see footnotes to table IFS-3. 

4

 Includes debt securities of U.S. Government corporations, federally-sponsored agencies 

and private corporations. 

5

 Includes liabilities payable in dollars to foreign banks and liabilities payable in foreign 

currencies to foreign banks and to “other foreigners.” 

6

 Includes marketable U.S. Government bonds and notes held by foreign banks. 

7

 Principally the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, the InterAmerican Development Bank, and the Asian Development Bank. 

8

 Data on the two lines shown for this date reflect different benchmark bases for foreigners’ 

holdings of selected U.S. long-term securities. Figures on the first line are comparable to 

those for earlier dates; figures on the second line are based in part on benchmark surveys 

as of end-March 2000, end-June 2002, end-June 2003, end-June 2004, end-June 2005, 

end-June 2006 and end-June 2007 respectively, and are comparable to those shown for 

the following dates. 

Note.—Table is based on Treasury data and on data reported to the Treasury by banks, 

other depository institutions and brokers in the United States. Data generally correspond to 

statistics following in this section and in the “Capital Movements” section. Table excludes 

International Monetary Fund “holdings of dollars” and holdings of U.S. Treasury letters of 

credit and nonnegotiable noninterest-bearing special U.S. notes held by international and 

regional organizations. 
INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL STATISTICS 

March 2009 

49

TABLE IFS-3.—Nonmarketable U.S. Treasury Bonds and Notes Issued 

to Official Institutions and Other Residents of Foreign Countries 

[In millions of dollars. Source: Treasury International Capital Reporting System] 

Payable in dollars 

End of calendar 

year or month 

Grand total 

(1) 

Total 

(2) 

Argentina 1

(3) 

Mexico 2

(4) 

Venezuela 3

(5) 

 

2003 .............................................................................. 2,613 2,613 768 1,102 743 

2004 .............................................................................. 1,630 1,630 825 - 805 

2005 .............................................................................. 948 948 77 - 871 

2006 .............................................................................. 1,026 1,026 82 - 944 

 

2007 - Dec..................................................................... 1,111 1,111 88 - 1,022 

2008 - Jan ..................................................................... 1,118 1,118 89 - 1,029 

Feb..................................................................... 1,125 1,125 89 - 1,036 

Mar..................................................................... 1,133 1,133 90 - 1,043 

Apr ..................................................................... 1,140 1,140 91 - 1,050 

May .................................................................... 1,148 1,148 91 - 1,057 

June................................................................... 1,155 1,155 92 - 1,064 

July .................................................................... 1,163 1,163 92 - 1,071 

Aug .................................................................... 1,171 1,171 93 - 1,078 

Sept ................................................................... 1,179 1,179 93 - 1,086 

Oct ..................................................................... 1,187 1,187 94 - 1,093 

Nov .................................................................... 1,194 1,194 94 - 1,100 

Dec .................................................................... 1,203 1,203 95 - 1,108 

 

1

 Beginning April 1993, includes current value (principal and accrued interest) of zerocoupon, 30-year maturity Treasury bond issue to the government of Argentina. Remaining 

face value of issue is $264 million. 

2

 Beginning March 1990, indicates current value of zero-coupon, 30-year maturity issue to 

the government of Mexico. Note.—This issue was paid off in full and retired on January 29, 

2004. 

3

 Beginning December 1990, indicates current value of zero-coupon, 30-year maturity 

Treasury bond issue to the Republic of Venezuela. Remaining face value of issue is 

$2,721 million. 
 

March 2009 

50 

INTRODUCTION: Capital Movements 

Background 

Data relating to U.S. international transactions in 

financial instruments and to other portfolio capital 

movements between the United States and foreign countries 

have been collected in some form since 1935. This 

information is necessary for compiling the U.S. balance of 

payments accounts, for calculating the U.S. international 

investment position, and for use in formulating U.S. 

international financial and monetary policies. 

From the beginning, reporting under the Treasury data 

collection program has been mandatory. Under the current 

Treasury International Capital (TIC) reporting system, an 

assortment of monthly and quarterly reports are filed with 

district Federal Reserve banks by commercial banks, 

securities dealers, other financial institutions, and 

nonbanking enterprises in the United States. These data are 

centrally processed and maintained at the Federal Reserve 

Bank of New York, which, along with the district banks, acts 

as fiscal agent for Treasury. Beginning in late 1998, the 

Federal Reserve Board also undertakes services on behalf of 

Treasury in support of the TIC data collection system. The 

TIC reports of individual respondents are treated as 

confidential, and access to the respondent level data is 

strictly limited to specific staff of Treasury and the Federal 

Reserve System. 

Data derived from Treasury reports are published in the 

Capital Movements section of this quarterly Treasury Bulletin 

and are posted monthly on the TIC website, 

http://www.ustreas.gov/tic. (See NOTE at the end of the 

INTRODUCTION text for additional website information.) 

TIC data aggregates are also published in the Federal Reserve 

Bulletin and are used in the U.S. international transactions and 

investment position compilations published by the 

Department of Commerce in the Survey of Current Business.

Forms and instructions are developed with the 

cooperation of other Government agencies and the Federal 

Reserve System and in consultation with representatives of 

banks, securities firms, and nonbanking enterprises. 

Requests for public comments on proposed changes are 

published in the Federal Register, and any further 

modifications are based on the comments received. The most 

recent revisions to selected reporting forms and instructions 

were effective June 30, 2006. The reporting forms and 

instructions may be downloaded from the TIC website. 

Copies of the reporting forms and instructions also may be 

obtained from the Global Economics Group, Office of the 

Assistant Secretary for International Affairs, Treasury, 

Washington, D.C. 20220; the International Finance Division, 

Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, 

Washington, D.C. 20551; or district Federal Reserve banks. 

Basic definitions 

The term “foreigner” as used in TIC reporting covers all 

institutions and individuals resident outside the United 

States, including: U.S. citizens domiciled abroad; the foreign 

branches, subsidiaries and offices of U.S. banks and business 

concerns; the central governments, central banks, and other 

official institutions of foreign countries, wherever located; 

and international and regional organizations, wherever 

located. The term “foreigner” also includes persons in the 

United States to the extent that they are known by reporting 

institutions to be acting on behalf of foreigners.

In general, information is reported opposite the country or 

geographical area where the foreigner is located, as shown on 

records of reporting institutions. This information may not 

always reflect the ultimate ownership of assets. Reporting 

institutions are not required to go beyond addresses shown on 

their records and may not be aware of the actual country of 

domicile of the ultimate beneficiary. 

Transactions with branches or agencies of foreign official 

institutions, wherever located, are reported opposite the 

country that has sovereignty over the institutions. Transactions 

with international and regional organizations are not reported 

opposite any single country, but are accounted for in regional 

groupings of such organizations. Effective beginning with 

data for June 2006, information pertaining to the Bank for 

International Settlements is now included with data for 

international organizations, and information for the European 

Central Bank is distributed across the individual euro-area 

countries. For prior dates, information for these organizations 

is included in “Other Europe”. 

“Short-term” refers to obligations payable on demand or 

having an original maturity of one year or less. “Long-term” 

refers to obligations having an original maturity of more 

than one year and includes securities having no maturity. 

Reporting coverage 

TIC reports are required from banks and other depository 

institutions, bank/financial holding companies (BHCs/FHCs), 

securities brokers and dealers, and nonbanking concerns in 

the United States, including the branches, agencies, 

subsidiaries, and other affiliates in the United States of 

foreign banking and nonbanking firms. Institutions with total 

reportable liabilities, claims, or securities transactions below 

specified reporting thresholds are exempt from reporting. 

Beginning in February 2003, substantial revisions to the 

coverage and formats of the TIC B-series and C-series forms 

were introduced. The reasons for the changes were to 

comply with new and expanded international standards for 

reporting data on portfolio investment; to reduce reporting 

burden; to clarify reporting concepts and instructions; and to 

improve the quality of the series by closing known gaps in 

the data. 
CAPITAL MOVEMENTS 

March 2009 

51

Banks, other depository institutions, and securities brokers 

and dealers file monthly B-series reports covering their dollar 

liabilities to and dollar claims on foreigners in a number of 

countries. Quarterly reports are filed for liabilities and claims 

denominated in foreign currencies and for claims on 

foreigners held for respondents’ domestic customers. All 

positions are exclusive of long-term securities. Beginning 

January 2001, the exemption level applicable to the banking 

reports was raised from $15 million to $50 million. This 

exemption level is also subject to the provision that reportable 

amounts for any one country do not exceed $25 million. 

Banks and other depository institutions, securities 

brokers and dealers, and other entities report their 

transactions with foreigners by country in long-term 

securities on monthly Form S. Respondents must report 

securities transactions with foreigners if their aggregate 

purchases or their aggregate sales amount to at least $50 

million during the covered month. 

TIC Form D is filed quarterly by all U.S. resident banks, 

securities dealers, and other firms with worldwide holding of 

derivatives in their own and in their customers’ accounts 

exceeding $100 billion in notional value. Data from this 

information collection was first released on May 15, 2007, 

with data on holdings beginning from end-December 2005, 

and data on net settlements beginning from the first quarter 

of 2006. 

Quarterly reports are also filed by exporters, importers, 

industrial and commercial concerns, financial institutions 

(other than banks, other depository institutions, and 

securities firms), and other nonbanking enterprises on their 

liabilities and claims positions with unaffiliated foreigners. 

Separate reports are filed for financial balances and for 

commercial balances. Effective for reports filed as of March 

31, 2003, the threshold applicable to Form CQ-1 for 

reporting financial liabilities to, and claims on, foreigners is 

$50 million, up from $10 million. At the same time, the 

reporting threshold for Form CQ-2, which covers 

commercial liabilities and claims positions with foreigners, 

was raised from $10 million to $25 million. 

Effective with the reports filed for June 2006, the country 

coverage of the monthly TIC forms was expanded 

significantly and the semiannual reports, which covered the 

smaller market economies, were discontinued. Country 

coverage was also expanded for the quarterly banking forms, 

the Form S, the Form D, and the Forms CQ-1 and CQ-2, 

effective with reports filed for June 2006. 

The data in these tables do not cover all types of reported 

capital movements between the United States and other 

countries. Except as noted in Section IV in “Description of 

statistics” below, the principal exclusions are the 

intercompany capital transactions of nonbanking business 

enterprises in the United States with their own branches and 

subsidiaries abroad or with their foreign parent companies 

(own foreign offices) and capital transactions of the U.S. 

Government. Consolidated data on all types of international 

capital transactions are published by the Department of 

Commerce in its regular reports on the U.S. balance of 

payments. 

Description of statistics 

Data collected on the TIC forms are published in the 

“Capital Movements” tables in four sections. Each section 

contains all the data relevant to the same statistical series, 

with tables showing time series by type and country, and 

detailed breakdowns of the latest available data. The 

expansion of the country coverage on the standard report 

forms allows for publication of additional country detail for 

data beginning as of June 2006. As a result, the former 

Capital Movements Section III, which listed bank-reported 

claims and liabilities of selected countries from the 

semiannual reports, has been discontinued. 

• Section I covers liabilities to foreigners reported by 

banks, other depository institutions, and securities brokers 

and dealers in the United States. BHCs/FHCs also report for 

all domestic nonbank, non-securities firm affiliates, other 

than their insurance affiliates, which report separately on the 

C-series forms. Dollar-denominated liabilities are reported 

monthly on Forms BL-1 and BL-2. Liabilities denominated 

in foreign currencies are reported quarterly on Form BQ-2. 

Respondents report certain of their own liabilities and a wide 

range of their custody liabilities to foreigners. Effective with 

reports filed as of February 28, 2003, coverage was 

broadened to cover the positions of U.S. broker-dealer 

respondents with their affiliated foreign offices. (Depository 

institutions and BHCs/FHCs already reported such 

positions.) The scope of the reports was also extended to 

include cross-border brokerage balances as well as offshore 

sweep accounts and loans to U.S. residents in “managed” 

foreign offices of U.S. reporting institutions. Additionally, in 

a new Part 2, Form BQ-2 was expanded to include the 

foreign currency-denominated liabilities held by respondents 

for their domestic customers. Further, banks’ own positions 

have been defined to be consistent with regulatory reports 

such as the FR 2950/2951 to include all amounts in the 

respondent’s “due to/due from” accounts, unless in an 

instrument that is specifically excluded. Finally, the columns 

for demand deposits and non-transactions accounts are now 

combined, as are short-term U.S. agency securities and other 

negotiable and readily transferable instruments. 

• Section II presents claims on foreigners reported 

by banks, other depository institutions, and securities 

brokers and dealers in the United States. BHCs/FHCs also 

report for their domestic nonbank and non-securities firm 

affiliates, other than their insurance affiliates, which report 

separately on the C-series forms. Data on respondents’ own 

dollar claims are collected monthly on Form BC. 

Information on claims held for domestic customers as well 

as on claims denominated in foreign currencies is collected 

on a quarterly basis only on Forms BQ-1 and BQ-2, 

respectively. Effective with reports filed as of February 28, 
CAPITAL MOVEMENTS 

March 2009 

52 

2003, reporting coverage was expanded as outlined in 

Section I. Additionally, columns were added for separate 

reporting of issued by foreigners. Further, the foreigner 

category, negotiable CDs and other short-term negotiable 

instruments issued by foreigners. Further, the foreigner 

category, “foreign official institutions,” replaced the former, 

broader category, “foreign public borrowers,” for 

consistency with the liabilities reporting on this sector. 

• Section III (formerly reported as Section IV) 

shows the liabilities to, and claims on, unaffiliated foreigners 

of exporters, importers, industrial and commercial concerns, 

financial institutions (other than banks, other depository 

institutions, and securities brokers and dealers), and other 

nonbanking enterprises in the United States. Data exclude 

claims on foreigners held by banks in the United States. 

Historically, the TIC reports CQ-1 and CQ-2 exclude 

accounts of nonbanking enterprises in the United States with 

their own branches and subsidiaries abroad or with their 

foreign parent companies. Such accounts with foreign 

affiliates are reported by business enterprises to Commerce 

on its direct investment forms. There was an exception when 

reporting of foreign affiliate positions of insurance 

underwriting subsidiaries and financial intermediaries was 

included in Section B of Form CQ-1 for reports between 

end-March 2003 and end-March 2006. That reporting 

requirement was discontinued with the reports beginning as 

of June 2006. 

• Section IV (formerly Section V) contains 

information on transactions with foreigners in long-term 

domestic and foreign securities as reported by banks, 

securities brokers and dealers, and other entities in the 

United States. The data cover transactions executed in the 

United States for the accounts of foreigners and transactions 

executed abroad for the accounts of reporting institutions 

and their domestic customers. This includes transactions in 

newly-issued securities as well as transactions in, and 

redemptions of, outstanding issues. However, the data do not 

include nonmarketable Treasury bonds and notes shown in 

Table IFS-3. 

The geographical allocation of the transactions data 

indicates the country of location of the foreign buyers and 

sellers who deal directly with reporting institutions in the 

United States. The data do not necessarily indicate the 

country of beneficial owner or issuer, or the currency of 

denomination of securities. For instance, a U.S. purchaser’s 

order for Japanese securities may be placed directly with an 

intermediary in London. In this instance, the transaction for 

Form S reporting purposes would be recorded opposite the 

United Kingdom and not opposite Japan. Similarly, 

purchases and sales of U.S. securities for the account of an 

Italian resident may be placed, for example, in the Swiss 

market. In that case, the trades would be reported opposite 

Switzerland and not opposite Italy. 

• Section V presents quarterly data on holdings and 

net cash settlements of cross-border derivatives contracts 

reported by banks, securities brokers, dealers, and 

nonfinancial companies in the U.S. with sizable holdings of 

derivatives contracts. Total holdings are divided between 

those contracts with positive fair values and those contracts 

with negative fair values from the perspective of the 

reporter. The fair (market) value is generally defined as the 

amount for which a derivative contract could be exchanged 

in a current transaction between willing parties, other than in 

a forced or liquidation sale. 

The data on U.S. net settlements with foreign residents 

include all cash receipts and payments made during the 

quarter for the acquisition, sale, or final closeout of 

derivatives, including all settlement payments under the 

terms of derivatives contracts such as the periodic settlement 

under a swap agreement and the daily settlement of an 

exchange-traded contract. In calculating net settlements, 

U.S. receipts of cash from foreign persons are positive 

amounts (+), and U.S. payments of cash to foreign persons 

are negative amounts (-). Items excluded from net 

settlements are: (a) collateral including initial and 

maintenance margins, whether or not in the form of cash; 

and (b) purchases of underlying commodities, securities, or 

other noncash assets. (e.g., the purchase/sale by foreigners of 

a long-term security is reported on TIC Form S). 

The gross fair (market) values and net settlement 

payments on derivatives are reported by type of derivative 

and by country based on the residence of the direct foreign 

counterparty. Positions of foreign customers on U.S. 

exchanges are reported opposite the country in which the 

foreign counterparty resides. In the case of U.S. residents’ 

futures contracts on foreign exchanges, the country of the 

exchange is reported as the country of the foreign 

counterparty. 

NOTE: Current and historical data on United States 

transactions with foreigners in long-term securities on the 

gross foreign liabilities and claims reported by banks and 

nonbanks in the United States and on derivatives contracts 

with foreigners are available on the TIC website: 

http://www.ustreas.gov/tic. These data may be downloaded 

as separate time series for each country or geographical area 

regularly shown in the capital movements tables. Also 

available on this website are other series, including a table 

on “Major Foreign Holders of Treasury Securities,” showing 

estimated total holdings of U.S. Treasury bills, bonds and 

notes for current and recent periods. All data series on the 

TIC website are updated monthly. 
CAPITAL MOVEMENTS 

March 2009 

53

SECTION I.—Liabilities to Foreigners Reported by Banks 

in the United States 

Table CM-I-1.—Total Liabilities by Type and Holder 

[Position at end of period in millions of dollars. Source: Treasury International Capital Reporting System] 

2008 

Type of Liability 

 Calendar 

 Year 

 2007 r June r July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. p 

Total liabilities to all foreigners............................... 4,706,310 4,503,580 4,486,073 4,514,041 4,502,928 4,723,530 4,713,004 4,587,805 

Payable in dollars............................................... 4,426,409 4,252,866 4,235,359 4,263,327 4,265,382 4,485,984 4,475,458 4,350,259 

Foreign official institutions ............................. 596,660 571,012 597,093 607,728 632,294 663,873 694,707 707,856 

Deposits, excluding negotiable CDs.......... 49,872 44,817 51,079 50,701 53,973 54,820 54,503 60,756 

U.S. Treasury bills and certificates ............ 198,378 226,625 232,464 245,562 276,781 360,550 427,152 457,876 

Other short-term negotiable securities, 

negotiable CDs, and other custody 

liabilities................................................... 182,061 152,886 159,154 151,040 142,690 104,797 80,747 62,665 

Other liabilities............................................ 166,349 146,684 154,396 160,425 158,850 143,706 132,305 126,559 

Foreign banks (including own foreign 

 offices) and other foreigners ........................ 

3,802,509 

 

3,657,156 

 

3,612,108 

 

3,627,918 

 

3,609,416 

 

3,797,628 

 

3,748,082 

 

3,606,173 

Deposits, excluding negotiable CDs.......... 1,474,307 1,408,676 1,361,126 1,303,426 1,409,079 1,610,065 1,669,216 1,632,547 

U.S. Treasury bills and certificates ............ 101,872 147,691 146,310 164,911 224,748 280,696 289,010 282,482 

Other short-term negotiable securities, 

negotiable CDs, and other custody 

liabilities...................................................

 

638,532 

 

642,036 

 

641,246 

 

640,087 

 

570,754 

 

552,691 

 

546,074 

 

540,831 

Other liabilities............................................ 1,587,798 1,458,753 1,463,426 1,519,494 1,404,835 1,354,176 1,243,782 1,150,313 

International and regional organizations 1 ..... 27,240 24,698 26,158 27,681 23,672 24,483 32,669 36,230 

Deposits, excluding negotiable CDs.......... 17,784 13,397 16,161 15,892 12,346 6,838 9,079 9,066 

U.S. Treasury bills and certificates ............ 288 1,073 547 435 286 7,929 15,076 16,196 

Other short-term negotiable securities, 

negotiable CDs, and other custody 

liabilities...................................................

 

4,023 

 

5,169 

 

5,885 

 

5,781 

 

5,577 

 

6,132 

 

5,819 

 

5,939 

Other liabilities............................................ 5,145 5,059 3,565 5,573 5,463 3,584 2,695 5,029 

Payable in foreign currencies 2 .......................... 279,901 250,714 250,714 250,714 237,546 237,546 237,546 237,546 

Sector: 

Banks and other foreigners........................ 278,807 249,055 249,055 249,055 236,627 236,627 236,627 236,627 

International and regional organizations 1 ...... 1,094 1,659 1,659 1,659 919 919 919 919 

Major currencies: 

Canadian dollars ........................................ 18,855 15,204 15,204 15,204 13,428 13,428 13,428 13,428 

Euro............................................................ 153,143 127,876 127,876 127,876 121,559 121,559 121,559 121,559 

United Kingdom pounds sterling................ 18,176 11,064 11,064 11,064 11,219 11,219 11,219 11,219 

Japanese yen............................................. 49,098 57,674 57,674 57,674 59,310 59,310 59,310 59,310 

Memoranda: 

Respondents’ own liabilities payable in 

 dollars........................................................... 3,301,255 

 

3,077,386 

 

3,049,753 

 

3,055,511 

 

3,044,546 

 

3,173,189 

 

3,111,580 

 

2,984,270 

Liabilities to own foreign offices..................... 2,021,262 1,873,015 1,836,712 1,816,561 1,928,588 2,153,260 2,121,945 2,000,804 

Liabilities collaterized by repurchase 

 agreements .............................................

 

1,109,129 

 

988,998 

 

997,299 

 

1,028,203 

 

896,042 

 

753,845 

 

657,822 

 

577,823 

Foreign official institutions ..................... 154,617 140,821 149,164 153,119 146,211 128,621 119,177 116,275 

Foreign banks and other foreigners....... 950,367 844,360 845,602 871,283 747,062 623,316 536,812 458,372 

International and regional organizations 1..... 4,145 3,817 2,533 3,801 2,769 1,908 1,833 3,176 

Reported by IBFs ....................................... 481,998 468,814 485,825 463,544 471,792 592,037 624,017 608,868 

Respondents’ own liabilities payable in 

 foreign currencies 2 ...................................... 

261,508 

 

233,449 

 

233,449 

 

233,449 

 

225,859 

 

225,859 

 

225,859 

 

225,859 

Reported by IBFs ....................................... 69,985 72,597 72,597 72,597 58,261 58,261 58,261 58,261 

Liabilities held in custody for domestic 

 customers and selected other liabilities 3 .... 

1,143,547 

 

1,192,745 

 

1,202,871 

 

1,225,081 

 

1,232,523 

 

1,324,482 

 

1,375,565 

 

1,377,676 

Payable in dollars....................................... 1,125,154 1,175,480 1,185,606 1,207,816 1,220,836 1,312,795 1,363,878 1,365,989 

of which: other short-term negotiable 

securities and negotiable CDs............ 

503,938 

 

482,762 

 

489,478 

 

486,532 

 

432,149 

 

375,991 

 

348,714 

 

337,176 

 of which: short-term U.S. 

Government 

 agency securities ............................

 

201,286 

 

170,795 

 

163,923 

 

154,520 

 

156,136 

 

131,585 

 

116,188 

 

102,088 

 of which: negotiable CDs .................... 94,664 107,999 107,231 115,149 100,729 90,717 86,416 87,853 

Payable in foreign currencies 2 .................. 18,393 17,265 17,265 17,265 11,687 11,687 11,687 11,687 

 

 1

 Principally the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (World Bank) and 

the Inter-American Development Bank. 

2

 Data may be as of preceding quarter-end for most recent month shown in table. 

3

 Selected other liabilities are primarily the liabilities of the customers of banks to U.S. 

managed foreign offices and other foreign institutions. 
CAPITAL MOVEMENTS 

March 2009 

54 

TABLE CM-I-2.—Total Liabilities by Country 

[Position at end of period in millions of dollars. Source: Treasury International Capital Reporting System] 

 Calendar year 2008 

Country 2005 2006 2007 r Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. p 

Europe: 

Austria ................................................. 3,607 3,934 3,575 5,852 3,367 3,308 1,566 2,458

Belgium ............................................... 17,105 15,595 22,437 13,249 14,312 12,987 12,200 15,867

Bulgaria ............................................... 139 88 148 104 89 100 99 118

Cyprus 1 .............................................. n.a. 634 1,068 611 938 820 885 758

Czech Republic.................................... 1,446 1,353 1,433 2,300 1,093 1,019 957 686

Denmark .............................................. 1,544 969 791 4,284 3,983 3,978 4,477 4,502

Finland................................................. 3,767 3,362 1,456 1,508 1,684 1,615 1,691 1,597

France ................................................. 76,016 83,606 73,355 67,247 84,549 83,604 72,493 54,568

Germany.............................................. 70,867 92,815 145,955 162,914 164,713 159,024 150,498 144,211

Greece................................................. 1,212 1,488 1,357 1,346 1,030 2,104 1,818 1,963

Hungary ............................................... 527 820 1,219 602 431 658 1,848 808

Iceland 1 .............................................. n.a. 431 667 352 273 487 1,034 1,074

Ireland.................................................. 68,669 84,414 123,913 171,168 147,400 150,370 160,869 177,139

Italy...................................................... 8,149 9,301 10,421 9,248 12,214 11,650 13,083 10,006

Kazakhstan 1 ....................................... n.a. 6,145 5,945 11,059 10,679 12,553 11,975 13,747

Luxembourg ........................................ 62,804 73,989 108,463 106,316 99,198 98,105 94,436 118,797

Monaco 1 ............................................ n.a. 380 206 128 226 396 373 316

Netherlands ......................................... 16,460 26,781 26,125 40,422 42,987 45,594 42,340 34,893

Norway ................................................ 27,927 42,401 48,309 36,404 23,936 21,438 22,897 17,929

Poland ................................................. 6,340 7,475 19,651 29,936 20,906 12,846 9,604 4,729

Portugal ............................................... 2,883 2,720 2,999 2,098 2,214 1,956 2,100 2,131

Romania .............................................. 565 492 581 966 381 563 626 638

Russia ................................................. 101,355 62,736 104,741 87,094 79,192 77,292 60,555 72,392

Serbia and Montenegro 2 .................... 119 295 532 293 144 161 182 182

Spain ................................................... 10,060 9,805 13,022 14,679 16,548 20,384 16,042 16,800

Sweden................................................ 4,796 3,890 7,723 3,259 12,374 5,213 4,178 3,625

Switzerland .......................................... 141,498 63,546 58,468 41,686 47,191 60,682 56,891 57,327

Turkey.................................................. 10,006 10,457 12,139 22,785 20,049 17,284 18,177 20,298

Ukraine 1 ............................................. n.a. 919 1,392 1,869 2,050 2,411 5,372 4,041

United Kingdom ................................... 590,505 926,069 1,051,764 919,194 822,454 789,949 725,360 667,684

Channel Islands .................................. 29,737 33,857 25,391 13,871 13,460 14,459 14,045 11,748

All other Europe 1................................. 23,540 3,852 4,897 5,837 5,462 6,593 7,366 7,923

Total Europe.................................... 1,281,643 1,574,620 1,880,143 1,778,680 1,655,527 1,619,602 1,516,038 1,470,956

Memo: Euro Area 3 ............................................. 341,599 407,811 533,078 596,886 591,393 591,960 570,714 581,509

Memo: European Union 4 ................... n.a. 1,349,799 1,619,013 1,558,013 1,453,558 1,406,967 1,318,690 1,265,227

Canada .................................................... 38,051 49,396 68,274 74,190 74,285 85,394 71,223 77,150

Latin America: 

Argentina ............................................. 9,775 10,628 12,090 11,805 13,459 13,145 13,076 12,834

Belize 5 ................................................ n.a. 484 307 358 385 339 311 298

Bolivia 5 ............................................... n.a. 2,123 2,559 3,136 3,516 4,336 4,458 4,573

Brazil.................................................... 12,898 16,271 24,887 24,626 18,328 21,057 18,571 17,708

Chile .................................................... 9,045 16,926 15,731 14,207 14,847 17,016 16,331 15,892

Colombia ............................................. 6,521 11,702 11,038 11,440 12,248 12,129 10,951 10,376

Costa Rica 5 ........................................ n.a. 2,967 2,502 2,782 2,628 2,521 2,288 2,009

Ecuador ............................................... 3,426 3,431 3,296 3,413 3,731 3,788 3,738 3,593

El Salvador 5 ....................................... n.a. 1,964 2,352 2,611 2,692 2,663 2,576 2,923

Guatemala ........................................... 1,660 1,444 1,851 1,740 1,695 1,797 1,982 1,865

Guyana 5 ............................................. n.a. 98 141 96 160 173 286 276

Honduras 5 .......................................... n.a. 2,594 2,162 1,799 1,791 1,733 1,557 1,546

Mexico ................................................. 44,738 45,846 53,234 62,102 57,539 66,991 62,901 68,332

Nicaragua 5 ......................................... n.a. 238 215 241 296 245 265 300

Panama ............................................... 5,334 7,183 7,062 6,979 7,687 8,122 8,677 10,718

Paraguay 5 .......................................... n.a. 672 693 672 679 699 690 666

Peru..................................................... 3,062 4,281 5,286 6,520 5,471 5,971 4,688 4,610

Suriname 5 .......................................... n.a. 128 128 150 178 124 125 157

Uruguay ............................................... 4,976 6,139 6,503 5,627 5,736 6,064 6,749 7,582

Venezuela............................................ 27,535 22,883 23,588 26,601 26,787 28,409 27,725 26,814

All other Latin America 5 ...................... 8,595 8 15 41 40 20 48 48

Total Latin America.......................... 137,565 158,010 175,640 186,946 179,893 197,342 187,993 193,120

Caribbean: 

Anguilla 6 ............................................ n.a. 3,149 13,065 7,954 12,718 15,695 13,231 9,910

Antigua and Barbuda 6 ........................ n.a. 186 217 217 133 137 122 118

Aruba 6 ................................................ n.a. 408 265 489 470 538 686 737

Bahamas ............................................. 213,833 257,200 286,669 281,370 301,259 289,218 305,429 334,377

Barbados 6 .......................................... n.a. 18,680 21,602 17,905 17,667 17,466 16,761 17,018

Bermuda .............................................. 52,361 55,502 49,865 46,605 46,163 48,493 46,627 46,898

British Virgin Islands 6 ......................... n.a. 22,082 35,092 42,764 43,296 42,322 41,213 38,288

Cayman Islands .................................. 922,518 1,316,517 1,488,182 1,389,107 1,416,970 1,540,320 1,574,822 1,449,370

Cuba.................................................... 120 82 80 94 94 93 89 89

Dominican Republic 6 .......................... n.a. 3,895 3,813 3,409 3,271 2,992 3,006 3,097

French West Indies 6 ........................... n.a. 19 35 54 34 30 27 26

Haiti 6 .................................................. n.a. 495 555 658 735 619 478 539

Jamaica ............................................... 970 1,056 1,358 1,354 1,184 996 922 1,025

Netherlands Antilles............................. 6,398 8,503 10,131 5,519 4,781 5,182 5,686 6,505

See footnotes at end of table. 
CAPITAL MOVEMENTS 

March 2009 

55

TABLE CM-I-2.—Total Liabilities by Country, con. 

[Position at end of period in millions of dollars. Source: Treasury International Capital Reporting System] 

 Calendar year 2008 

Country 2005 2006 2007 r Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. p

 

Caribbean, con. 

St. Kitts and Nevis 6 .......................... n.a. 90 122 135 131 150 150 138

Trinidad and Tobago......................... 2,836 3,354 3,389 3,329 3,958 3,467 4,060 3,959

Turks and Caicos Islands 6 ............... n.a. 165 213 213 237 206 209 224

All other Caribbean 6 ........................ 32,620 157 189 198 186 162 162 170

Total Caribbean ............................ 1,231,656 1,691,540 1,914,842 1,801,374 1,853,287 1,968,086 2,013,680 1,912,488

Asia: 

Bangladesh 7 .................................... n.a. 824 889 1,421 1,412 2,086 2,386 3,472

China, Mainland ............................... 46,466 44,474 94,369 73,224 124,737 183,615 234,750 223,743

Hong Kong........................................ 35,246 44,639 47,133 42,651 54,224 63,033 52,805 55,014

India.................................................. 13,860 18,813 18,257 17,539 18,347 21,607 23,393 28,975

Indonesia.......................................... 4,213 4,386 5,223 6,562 8,287 6,084 6,748 9,979

Israel................................................. 9,828 7,327 7,812 8,750 11,551 14,938 15,633 21,059

Japan................................................ 161,951 141,655 190,122 191,446 202,360 219,030 229,989 226,722

Jordan 7 ............................................ n.a. 2,146 1,179 1,165 1,320 1,849 2,159 2,244

Korea, South..................................... 27,200 28,099 35,215 20,448 16,684 14,539 15,423 15,536

Laos 7 .............................................. n.a. 120 380 176 68 48 42 66

Lebanon............................................ 797 1,168 1,032 881 1,169 901 1,174 1,434

Malaysia ........................................... 2,287 3,847 2,852 2,616 2,294 2,329 2,227 2,211

Pakistan............................................ 1,768 1,282 1,464 1,631 2,127 1,252 2,226 4,175

Philippines ........................................ 3,780 3,857 4,927 3,712 4,119 6,470 8,361 9,016

Singapore ......................................... 20,291 30,831 38,704 35,436 32,351 36,629 44,231 44,913

Syria ................................................. 28 25 24 26 24 23 32 65

Taiwan.............................................. 23,287 22,952 25,952 22,553 30,134 33,807 30,734 30,340

Thailand............................................ 9,966 8,319 14,189 18,009 14,369 18,732 19,956 18,735

Yemen 7 ........................................... n.a. 179 202 217 159 425 296 212

Oil exporting countries 8 .................... 50,659 70,314 80,593 125,391 121,832 126,043 125,549 118,592

All other Asia 7 ................................. 7,258 5,893 5,052 6,707 8,275 8,115 6,513 7,101

Total Asia ..................................... 418,885 441,150 575,570 580,561 655,843 761,555 824,627 823,604

Africa: 

Botswana 9 ....................................... n.a. 236 925 781 641 519 425 375

Egypt ................................................ 4,953 2,252 3,683 3,857 7,321 10,536 8,661 9,396

Ghana............................................... 572 389 346 320 386 237 289 316

Kenya 9 ............................................ n.a. 234 612 282 306 333 310 341

Liberia............................................... 217 469 422 357 328 454 436 420

Mauritius 9 ........................................ n.a. 641 6,436 1,268 880 1,373 983 925

Morocco............................................ 138 198 180 243 532 542 458 378

Mozambique 9 .................................. n.a. 87 126 54 60 89 121 141

South Africa ...................................... 3,054 1,565 1,649 3,007 2,978 3,185 2,653 2,937

Tanzania 9 ........................................ n.a. 363 407 305 320 574 776 681

Uganda 9 .......................................... n.a. 926 1,233 910 794 474 284 329

Zambia 9 .......................................... n.a. 143 190 179 142 216 147 140

Zimbabwe 9 ...................................... n.a. 78 105 75 71 70 87 81

Oil exporting countries 10 .................. 6,880 4,457 6,131 4,328 3,979 4,365 3,882 4,374

All other Africa 9 ............................... 4,313 2,981 3,443 5,791 6,279 6,911 7,471 6,446

Total Africa ................................... 20,127 15,019 25,888 21,757 25,017 29,878 26,983 27,280

Other countries: 

Australia............................................ 18,427 26,178 14,891 18,283 18,005 19,213 22,421 29,728

New Zealand .................................... 3,028 4,543 3,190 4,807 4,082 4,632 3,931 3,888

French Polynesia 11 ......................... n.a. 63 83 118 110 127 122 123

All other 11 ........................................ 14,612 18,704 19,455 17,985 12,288 12,299 12,398 12,319

Total other ................................... 36,067 49,488 37,619 41,193 34,485 36,271 38,872 46,058

All countries .......................................... 3,163,994 3,979,223 4,677,976 4,484,701 4,478,337 4,698,128 4,679,416 4,550,656

International and regional orgs: 

International organizations............... 17,598 26,862 24,236 24,827 19,124 21,395 30,079 32,418

Regional organizations 12 ................ 5,153 4,274 4,098 4,513 5,467 4,007 3,509 4,731

Total international and 

 regional organizations................ 22,751 31,136 28,334 29,340 24,591 25,402 33,588 37,149

Grand total................................ 3,186,745 4,010,359 4,706,310 4,514,041 4,502,928 4,723,530 4,713,004 4,587,805

1

 Before June 2006, data for Cyprus, Iceland, Kazakhstan, Monaco, and Ukraine are included 

in “All other Europe.” 

2

 On February 4, 2003, Yugoslavia changed its name to Serbia and Montenegro. Data for 

other entities of the former Yugoslavia recognized as independent states by the United States 

are reported under “All other Europe” as follows: Beginning in December 1992 for Bosnia and 

Herzegovina, Croatia, and Slovenia; and beginning in June 1994 for the former Yugoslav 

Republic of Macedonia. 

3

 Includes Austria, Belgium, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, 

the Netherlands, Portugal, and Spain. For data as of January 2008, also includes Cyprus, 

Malta, and Slovenia. 

4 As of May 2004, the European Union includes Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, the Czech Republic, 

Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, 

Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, and 

the United Kingdom. Data available beginning June 2006. As of January 2007, also includes 

Bulgaria and Romania. 

5 Before June 2006, data for the Belize, Bolivia, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guyana, Honduras, 

Nicaragua, Paraguay, and Suriname are included in “All other Latin America.” 

6

 Before June 2006, data for Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, Aruba, Barbados, the British 

Virgin Islands, the Dominican Republic, the French West Indies (primarily Guadeloupe and 

Martinique), Haiti, St. Kitts and Nevis, and the Turks and Caicos Islands are included in “All 

other Caribbean.” 

7

 Before June 2006, data for Bangladesh, Jordan, Laos, and Yemen are included in “All other Asia.” 

8

 Includes Bahrain, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and United Arab Emirates 

(Trucial States). 

9

 Before June 2006, data for Botswana, Kenya, Mauritius, Mozambique, Tanzania, Uganda, 

Zambia, and Zimbabwe are included in “All other Africa.” 

10 Includes Algeria, Gabon, Libya, and Nigeria. 11 Before June 2006, data for French Polynesia are included in “All other.” 12 Includes European, Latin American, Caribbean, Asian, African, and Middle East regional 

organizations.
CAPITAL MOVEMENTS 

March 2009 

56 

TABLE CM-I-3.—Total Liabilities by Type and Country, December 31, 2008, Preliminary 

[Position at end of period in millions of dollars. Source: Treasury International Capital Reporting System] 

Liabilities payable in dollars 

Non-negotiable 

deposits and 

brokerage balances 1

Negotiable CDs and short-term 

negotiable securities 

Other 

Miscellaneous 

liabilities 2 

Country 

Total 

liabilities 

payable in 

dollars and 

foreign 

currency 

(1) 

Total 

liabilities 

payable in 

dollars 

(2) 

Total own 

liabilities 

payable in 

dollars 

(3) 

Total 

custody 

liabilities 

payable in 

dollars 

(4) 

Held by 

foreign 

official 

institutions 

and foreign 

banks 

(5) 

Held by all 

other 

foreigners

(6) 

Of which: 

short-term 

U.S. 

Treasury 

obligations 

(7) 

Of which: 

other shortterm 

negotiable 

securities

(excl. CDs)

(8) 

Of which: 

negotiable 

CDs 

(9) 

Held by 

foreign 

official 

institutions 

and foreign 

banks 

(10) 

Held by all 

other 

foreigners 

(11) 

 Total 

liabilities 

payable in 

foreign 

currency 3

(12) 

Europe: 

Austria .............................. 2,458 2,457 2,131 326 1,445 282 126 40 12 534 17 1

Belgium............................. 15,867 15,450 3,973 11,477 2,897 497 2,855 3,108 5,512 279 302 417

Cyprus .............................. 758 758 738 20 242 489 16 - 4 7 - -

Czech Republic................. 686 679 278 401 201 51 401 - - 26 - 7

Denmark........................... 4,502 4,495 3,864 631 659 80 372 125 53 3,206 - 7

Finland.............................. 1,597 1,464 387 1,077 122 108 491 5 533 170 35 133

France .............................. 54,568 51,833 46,755 5,078 8,660 2,514 2,969 1,733 171 16,894 18,893 2,735

Germany........................... 144,211 75,064 58,964 16,100 31,795 2,295 9,173 4,617 1,321 25,619 244 69,147

Greece.............................. 1,963 1,963 1,892 72 1,275 496 47 12 13 121 - -

Hungary............................ 808 756 316 440 189 77 388 18 3 60 21 52

Ireland............................... 177,139 176,967 43,263 133,704 18,792 2,842 36,889 69,402 23,849 11,472 13,721 172

Italy................................... 10,006 7,436 4,901 2,536 3,055 1,002 2,155 7 66 1,146 6 2,570

Kazakhstan....................... 13,747 13,510 3,670 9,840 1,404 11 9,840 - - 2,255 - 237

Luxembourg...................... 118,797 117,308 37,202 80,106 7,292 21,432 40,969 22,812 15,137 2,233 7,433 1,489

Monaco............................. 316 314 61 253 12 49 245 8 - - - 2

Netherlands ...................... 34,893 33,410 20,658 12,752 4,874 3,243 2,978 6,973 1,972 8,935 4,435 1,483

Norway ............................. 17,929 17,814 12,483 5,331 984 226 5,032 161 138 11,273 - 115

Poland .............................. 4,729 4,714 2,251 2,463 437 303 628 1,832 3 1,511 - 15

Portugal ............................ 2,131 2,119 1,981 138 1,478 465 37 92 9 35 3 12

Romania ........................... 638 633 512 121 33 56 120 - 1 423 - 5

Russia............................... 72,392 72,354 26,102 46,252 13,415 2,057 42,683 3,564 5 10,575 55 38

Spain ................................ 16,800 15,262 12,721 2,541 6,688 2,165 1,655 656 149 3,859 90 1,538

Sweden............................. 3,625 3,476 2,022 1,454 567 387 249 124 642 1,505 2 149

Switzerland ....................... 57,327 54,491 18,921 35,570 11,953 2,605 27,165 7,335 1,060 3,075 1,298 2,836

Turkey............................... 20,298 20,226 3,851 16,375 2,292 263 16,338 20 15 1,296 2 72

Ukraine ............................. 4,041 4,041 4,000 41 1,791 102 37 4 - 2,107 - -

United Kingdom ................ 667,684 623,419 602,425 20,994 184,263 29,258 11,273 3,303 2,306 205,403 187,613 44,265

Channel Islands................ 11,748 11,586 7,092 4,494 5,257 1,206 1,786 1,905 658 335 439 162

All other Europe.................. 9,297 9,237 7,887 1,350 2,530 851 1,197 91 45 4,521 2 60

Total Europe .................. 1,470,956 1,343,237 931,301 411,936 314,602 75,412 218,113 127,947 53,677 318,875 234,611 127,719

Memo: Euro Area 4 ........ 581,509 501,767 235,839 265,928 88,677 37,972 100,360 109,457 48,749 71,373 45,179 79,742

Canada ................................... 77,150 70,738 54,315 16,423 6,451 6,162 5,823 4,300 5,320 39,588 3,094 6,412

Latin America: 

Argentina............................ 12,834 12,680 10,468 2,212 616 9,406 1,677 70 454 312 145 154

Belize.................................. 298 298 258 40 48 137 6 - 34 73 - -

Bolivia................................. 4,573 4,461 1,587 2,874 459 1,087 1,705 972 197 37 4 112

Brazil................................... 17,708 17,374 15,861 1,513 6,399 4,972 1,014 356 74 3,988 571 334

Chile ................................... 15,892 15,519 8,614 6,905 3,814 3,383 2,423 3,635 817 1,396 51 373

Colombia ............................ 10,376 10,325 5,178 5,147 1,075 3,676 3,832 903 412 401 26 51

Costa Rica.......................... 2,009 1,995 1,336 659 615 599 82 506 71 114 8 14

Ecuador.............................. 3,593 3,557 3,176 381 695 2,280 214 32 85 150 101 36

El Salvador......................... 2,923 2,921 1,444 1,477 431 540 838 574 65 471 2 2

Guatemala.......................... 1,865 1,812 1,400 412 164 1,127 270 81 61 102 7 53

Honduras............................ 1,546 1,529 1,446 83 711 642 18 7 58 91 2 17

Mexico................................ 68,332 66,921 45,607 21,314 21,066 19,018 17,193 2,693 1,384 5,302 265 1,411

Panama.............................. 10,718 10,655 8,316 2,339 3,389 4,589 1,557 483 295 310 32 63

Paraguay............................ 666 665 627 38 97 509 15 9 14 13 8 1

Peru.................................... 4,610 4,535 3,131 1,404 1,487 1,312 93 1,257 52 330 4 75

Uruguay.............................. 7,582 7,429 5,890 1,539 652 2,498 924 206 340 2,610 199 153

Venezuela .......................... 26,814 26,133 24,551 1,582 7,240 16,208 289 739 554 827 276 681

All other Latin America....... 781 781 752 29 176 444 1 8 20 128 4 -

Total Latin America........ 193,120 189,590 139,642 49,948 49,134 72,427 32,151 12,531 4,987 16,655 1,705 3,530

Caribbean: 

Aruba.................................. 737 737 679 58 227 356 12 19 27 11 85 -

Bahamas ............................ 334,377 333,987 331,423 2,564 268,206 5,925 1,734 305 244 55,927 1,646 390

Barbados............................ 17,018 16,973 3,270 13,703 2,580 536 5,802 5,577 2,315 105 58 45

Bermuda............................. 46,898 45,440 12,841 32,599 594 9,999 18,021 13,563 761 106 2,396 1,458

See footnotes at end of table. 
CAPITAL MOVEMENTS 

March 2009 

57

TABLE CM-I-3.—Total Liabilities by Type and Country, December 31, 2008, Preliminary, con. 

[Position at end of period in millions of dollars. Source: Treasury International Capital Reporting System] 

Liabilities payable in dollars 

Non-negotiable 

 deposits and 

brokerage balances 1

Negotiable CDs and short-term 

negotiable securities 

Other 

Miscellaneous 

 liabilities 2

Country 

Total 

liabilities 

payable in 

dollars and 

foreign 

currency 

(1) 

Total 

liabilities 

payable in 

dollars 

(2) 

Total own 

liabilities 

payable in 

dollars 

(3) 

Total 

custody 

liabilities 

payable in 

dollars 

(4) 

Held by 

foreign 

official 

institutions 

and foreign 

banks 

(5) 

Held by all 

other 

foreigners

(6) 

Of which: 

short-term 

U.S. 

Treasury 

obligations 

(7) 

Of which: 

other shortterm 

negotiable 

securities

(excl. CDs)

(8) 

Of which: 

negotiable 

CDs 

(9) 

Held by 

foreign 

official 

institutions 

and foreign 

banks 

(10) 

Held by all 

other 

foreigners 

(11) 

 Total 

liabilities 

payable in 

foreign 

currency 3

(12) 

Caribbean, con. 

British Virgin Islands ................ 38,288 36,951 16,523 20,428 35 16,017 17,589 1,817 802 86 605 1,337

Cayman Islands....................... 1,449,370 1,423,474 1,087,293 336,181 503,143 130,056 53,766 23,282 4,559 600,245 108,423 25,896

Dominican Republic................. 3,097 3,077 2,857 220 582 1,964 55 124 41 299 12 20

Haiti .......................................... 539 539 487 52 162 281 15 11 26 41 3 - Jamaica.................................... 1,025 994 963 31 331 346 14 11 6 285 1 31

Netherlands Antilles................. 6,505 6,441 4,398 2,043 1,574 666 1,908 20 97 891 1,285 64

Trinidad and Tobago................ 3,959 3,758 2,607 1,151 1,749 245 826 238 10 613 77 201

All other Caribbean 10,675 9,827 9,624 203 168 8,550 113 38 52 7 899 848

Total Caribbean.................. 1,912,488 1,882,198 1,472,965 409,233 779,351 174,941 99,855 45,005 8,940 658,616 115,490 30,290

Asia: China, Mainland....................... 223,743 223,737 54,242 169,495 20,912 18,527 165,169 3,926 311 14,831 61 6

Hong Kong............................... 55,014 53,303 22,776 30,527 11,065 5,426 15,847 13,415 1,148 6,016 386 1,711

India ......................................... 28,975 28,829 6,700 22,129 2,527 1,687 12,596 9,118 15 2,763 123 146

Indonesia ................................. 9,979 9,963 5,489 4,474 2,224 244 2,201 2,237 36 3,010 11 16

Israel ........................................ 21,059 20,756 7,852 12,904 1,574 1,810 12,290 400 214 4,460 8 303

Japan ....................................... 226,722 174,399 103,713 70,686 49,864 7,597 58,392 9,395 507 47,507 1,137 52,323

Jordan ...................................... 2,244 2,243 1,426 817 966 60 709 1 107 400 - 1

Korea, South............................ 15,536 15,305 7,822 7,483 2,384 710 720 4,947 1,740 4,561 243 231

Malaysia................................... 2,211 2,210 1,958 252 1,556 124 156 74 17 279 4 1

Pakistan ................................... 4,175 4,175 3,890 285 432 193 193 53 10 3,270 24 - Philippines................................ 9,016 9,002 8,243 759 2,231 642 709 5 45 5,292 78 14

Singapore................................. 44,913 43,465 31,683 11,782 22,846 1,309 11,215 346 217 7,365 167 1,448

Taiwan...................................... 30,340 30,283 27,320 2,963 8,322 6,492 2,199 137 592 12,526 15 57

Thailand ................................... 18,735 18,730 1,689 17,041 1,117 315 16,958 45 17 274 4 5

All other Asia............................ 130,942 130,888 45,892 84,996 15,846 1,843 71,760 8,389 4,836 28,082 132 54

Total Asia............................. 823,604 767,288 330,695 436,593 143,866 46,979 371,114 52,488 9,812 140,636 2,393 56,316

Africa: Egypt........................................ 9,396 9,396 4,032 5,364 1,266 133 5,194 59 111 2,633 - -

Ghana ...................................... 316 316 316 - 114 50 - - - 152 - -

Kenya....................................... 341 341 326 15 197 78 11 1 3 51 - -

Liberia ...................................... 420 415 289 126 1 190 64 59 2 98 1 5

Morocco ................................... 378 378 349 29 284 42 4 15 3 23 7 - South Africa ............................. 2,937 2,926 2,477 449 1,870 179 411 18 20 414 14 11

All other Africa.......................... 13,492 13,278 10,359 2,919 5,360 1,025 2,879 39 1 3,954 20 214

Total Africa........................... 27,280 27,050 18,148 8,902 9,092 1,697 8,563 191 140 7,325 42 230

Other countries: Australia ................................... 29,728 29,404 20,188 9,216 9,902 1,550 3,215 4,456 1,365 6,101 2,815 324

New Zealand............................ 3,888 3,796 2,252 1,544 1,108 170 1,511 21 11 969 6 92

All other.................................... 12,442 728 669 59 172 287 13 5 41 207 3 11,714

Total other........................... 46,058 33,928 23,109 10,819 11,182 2,007 4,739 4,482 1,417 7,277 2,824 12,130

All countries.................................. 4,550,656 4,314,029 2,970,175 1,343,854 1,313,678 379,625 740,358 246,944 84,293 1,188,972 360,159 236,627

International and regional orgs: International organizations....... 32,418 31,598 10,634 20,964 - 7,236 15,694 1,766 3,504 - 3,398 820

Regional organizations5........... 4,731 4,632 3,461 1,171 - 1,830 502 613 56 - 1,631 99

Total International and 

 regional organizations ...... 37,149 36,230 14,095 22,135 - 9,066 16,196 2,379 3,560 - 5,029 919

Grand total ...................... 4,587,805 4,350,259 2,984,270 1,365,989 1,313,678 388,691 756,554 249,323 87,853 1,188,972 365,188 237,546

1

 Excludes negotiable certificates of deposit. 

2

 Includes both banks' own liabilities and banks' customer liabilities to foreigners primarily in 

the form of loans, including loans associated with repurchase agreements, and nonnegotiable short-term securities. 

3

 Foreign currency data are as of the previous quarter-end. 

4

 Includes Austria, Belgium, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, 

the Netherlands, Portugal, and Spain. For data as of January 2008, also includes Cyprus, 

Malta, and Slovenia.

5 Includes European, Latin American, Caribbean, Asian, African, and Middle East regional 

organizations.
CAPITAL MOVEMENTS 

March 2009 

58 

CHART CM-A.—U.S. Liabilities to Foreigners 

Reported by U.S. Banks, Brokers, and Dealers with Respect to Selected Countries 

[In millions of dollars. Source: Treasury International Capital Reporting System] 

Calendar years 

Country 2004 2005 2006 2007 Dec. 2008 

 

United Kingdom........................ 501,721 590,505 926,069 1,051,764 667,684

All other Europe ....................... 611,774 691,138 648,551 828,379 803,272 

Caribbean banking centers 1 ..... 1,186,221 1,200,444 1,666,987 1,877,001 1,886,156

Japan........................................ 173,872 161,951 141,655 190,122 226,722

All other Asia ............................ 260,142 256,934 299,495 385,448 596,882

Subtotal .................................. 2,733,730 2,900,972 3,682,757 4,332,714 4,180,716

All other countries .................... 284,143 285,773 327,602 373,596 407,089

Grand total ............................. 3,017,873 3,186,745 4,010,359 4,706,310 4,587,805

1

 Includes Bahamas, Bermuda, Cayman Islands, Netherlands Antilles, and Panama. For data beginning June 2006, also 

includes the British Virgin Islands. 

U.S. liabilities to foreigners 

reported by U.S. banks 

were recorded at $4.6 

trillion in December 2008, 

a decrease of $119 billion 

from yearend 2007. U.S. 

banking liabilities include 

foreign holdings of U.S. 

short-term securities but 

exclude foreign holdings of 

U.S. long-term securities. 

U.S. banking liabilities 

increased about $696 

billion in 2007, about $824 

billion in 2006, and about 

$169 billion in 2005. 

However, much of the 

increase in liabilities to 

foreigners in 2006 reflects 

changes in coverage in the 

bank-reported data in the 

first and second quarters of 

2006. Between June and 

December of 2006, when 

data were reported on a 

consistent basis, banking 

liabilities increased about 

$250 billion. 

U.S. banking liabilities are 

concentrated in 

international financial 

centers. The data on this 

page show that almost 60 

percent of U.S. banking 

liabilities is currently 

recorded against the United 

Kingdom and banking 

centers in the Caribbean. 

These financial centers 

have recorded most of the 

growth in banking 

liabilities in recent years 

and the United Kingdom 

recorded much of the 

decline in banking 

liabilities in 2008. 

Foreigners domiciled in the 

rest of Europe and in Asia 

account for about one-third 

of U.S. banking liabilities. 

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

2004 2005 2006 2007 Dec. 2008

United Kingdom All other Europe Caribbean banking centers

Japan All other Asia All other countries

(In billions of dollars)
 CAPITAL MOVEMENTS 

March 2009 

59

SECTION II.—Claims on Foreigners Reported by Banks in the United States 

TABLE CM-II-1.—Total Claims by Type 

[Position at end of period in millions of dollars. Source: Treasury International Capital Reporting System] 

2007 2008 

Type of Claim 

Calendar 

Year 

2006 Sept. Dec. r Mar. r June Sept. p 

 

Total claims.............................................................. 3,140,564 3,681,499 3,792,775 4,021,318 3,796,875 3,643,518 

Payable in dollars.................................................. 2,944,476 3,451,699 3,547,969 3,752,665 3,555,835 3,428,615 

Own claims on foreigners................................... 2,291,340 2,680,735 2,791,032 3,002,990 2,857,135 2,786,730 

Foreign official institutions............................... 98,010 86,799 107,062 99,766 94,038 75,405 

Foreign banks, including own foreign 

offices........................................................... 1,662,805 1,963,625 2,068,427 2,242,633 2,138,571 2,122,114 

All other foreigners .......................................... 530,525 630,311 615,543 660,591 624,526 589,211 

Claims of domestic customers.............................. 653,136 770,964 756,937 749,675 698,700 641,885 

Payable in foreign currencies .................................. 196,088 229,800 244,806 268,653 241,040 214,903 

Own claims on foreigners ..................................... 131,530 149,605 170,113 184,354 160,377 142,508 

of which: 

Canadian dollars.............................................. 16,024 35,419 32,718 31,010 27,741 22,905 

Euros................................................................ 65,947 56,535 75,137 81,239 62,854 52,145 

United Kingdom pounds sterling...................... 18,871 14,728 15,804 17,965 12,512 10,697 

Japanese yen................................................... 14,463 19,463 23,911 27,717 29,661 28,855 

Claims of domestic customers.............................. 64,558 80,195 74,693 84,299 80,663 72,395 

of which: 

Canadian dollars.............................................. 4,814 4,873 3,008 2,703 3,019 4,637 

Euros................................................................ 47,468 62,161 60,501 67,014 60,000 53,310 

United Kingdom pounds sterling...................... 7,068 3,925 3,160 5,197 6,058 6,450 

Japanese yen................................................... 1,676 2,739 2,817 3,109 5,975 2,799 

Memoranda: 

Total own claims on foreigners ............................. 2,422,870 2,830,340 2,961,145 3,187,344 3,017,512 2,929,238 

Non-negotiable deposits .................................... 983,110 991,664 1,057,794 1,208,487 1,176,880 1,076,217 

Short-term negotiable instruments 

(payable in dollars) .......................................... 15,508 39,876 48,082 44,879 42,383 42,331 

Resale agreements ............................................ 664,373 808,378 769,509 821,916 747,197 751,879 

Other................................................................... 759,879 990,422 1,085,760 1,112,062 1,051,052 1,058,811 

Claims on own foreign offices............................... 1,639,474 1,808,249 1,929,030 2,118,986 1,987,536 1,959,268 

Claims reported by IBFs ....................................... 562,430 615,052 686,623 646,189 527,208 520,261 

Payable in dollars............................................... 524,907 578,337 644,202 608,557 488,712 493,385 

Payable in foreign currencies............................. 37,523 36,715 42,421 37,632 38,496 26,876 

Total claims held for domestic customers ............ 717,694 851,159 831,630 833,974 779,363 714,280 

Non-negotiable deposits .................................... 312,635 389,057 444,306 440,261 389,854 349,272 

Short-term negotiable instruments 

 (payable in dollars) ........................................ 353,438 399,862 340,734 346,228 343,831 317,909 

Other ..................................................................... 51,621 62,240 46,590 47,485 45,678 47,099 

 

 
CAPITAL MOVEMENTS 

March 2009 

60 

TABLE CM-II-2.—Total Claims by Country 

[Position at end of period in millions of dollars. Source: Treasury International Capital Reporting System] 

2007 2008 

Country 

Calendar 

year 

2006 Mar. June Sept. Dec. r Mar. r June Sept. p

 

Europe: 

Austria .................................................... 8,563 8,309 8,572 9,189 8,083 7,980 9,371 8,665

Belgium................................................... 20,258 33,993 43,167 23,449 26,646 28,017 36,465 24,683

Bulgaria .................................................. 38 39 38 37 30 52 56 55

Czech Republic ...................................... 3,546 3,232 3,604 2,113 4,049 2,666 2,276 273

Denmark................................................. 2,770 5,699 1,757 2,393 10,314 10,984 10,789 8,477

Finland.................................................... 10,360 14,933 15,143 24,206 30,533 27,748 32,299 29,103

France .................................................... 165,030 190,458 199,784 189,346 202,757 235,583 223,540 207,384

Germany................................................. 45,429 59,267 71,143 86,617 79,122 92,792 96,442 86,050

Greece.................................................... 1,081 1,421 1,442 1,409 1,658 1,963 1,835 1,465

Hungary.................................................. 157 185 187 252 378 248 222 336

Ireland..................................................... 62,881 71,841 70,771 68,598 80,906 100,575 107,009 92,874

Italy ......................................................... 41,462 38,332 34,782 43,098 51,856 63,530 63,963 61,795

Kazakhstan 1........................................... 510 725 863 754 688 732 665 544

Luxembourg ........................................... 16,033 17,679 26,823 22,636 27,017 25,112 21,455 20,815

Netherlands ............................................ 38,723 45,310 60,364 73,708 63,711 72,195 75,430 66,473

Norway ................................................... 35,117 28,204 25,101 28,281 29,105 27,315 25,063 31,173

Poland .................................................... 1,115 1,842 3,454 3,999 8,242 17,109 17,276 11,678

Portugal .................................................. 1,988 2,245 2,506 2,840 3,113 3,672 2,988 2,392

Romania ................................................. 290 217 209 200 195 178 202 159

Russia..................................................... 4,254 1,819 1,777 3,334 1,869 1,638 2,315 2,629

Spain ...................................................... 15,969 32,377 25,154 26,085 32,753 56,322 62,332 55,669

Sweden................................................... 29,377 28,572 31,026 37,603 34,964 28,652 36,386 30,423

Switzerland............................................. 112,020 170,752 183,080 191,231 201,003 184,125 133,876 123,053

Turkey..................................................... 5,429 3,754 3,678 3,718 3,735 3,989 4,055 4,159

United Kingdom...................................... 938,123 974,980 1,043,097 1,137,811 1,108,747 1,182,691 1,067,090 1,126,991

Channel Islands...................................... 45,533 48,523 56,782 42,882 35,468 20,459 18,074 15,908

All other Europe 1.................................... 4,193 3,501 3,689 3,689 3,632 3,418 3,180 3,199

Total Europe ........................................ 1,610,249 1,788,209 1,917,993 2,029,478 2,050,574 2,199,743 2,054,653 2,016,426

Memo: Euro Area 2 .................................... 427,777 516,165 559,651 571,182 608,155 716,944 734,438 658,414

Memo: European Union 3 .......................... 1,404,001 1,532,513 1,644,892 1,757,330 1,776,738 1,959,559 1,868,758 1,836,897

Canada...................................................... 106,662 109,057 134,332 141,301 140,166 160,939 138,419 146,441

Latin America: 

Argentina ................................................ 2,977 2,880 3,631 4,197 4,251 4,346 4,547 5,074

Bolivia 4 ................................................... 157 139 172 166 169 172 166 190

Brazil....................................................... 20,454 22,354 25,578 32,740 31,500 28,278 38,984 32,058

Chile ....................................................... 7,152 6,120 6,489 7,887 9,829 10,267 11,378 11,873

Colombia ................................................ 2,915 4,104 4,287 6,208 4,972 4,953 4,779 4,653

Costa Rica 4 ............................................ 733 780 782 797 1,028 1,217 1,304 1,234

Ecuador.................................................. 612 581 777 896 993 886 801 843

El Salvador 4 ........................................... 872 871 901 801 831 797 772 801

Guatemala.............................................. 1,055 1,135 1,108 1,235 1,348 1,358 1,433 1,411

Honduras 4 .............................................. 433 461 417 606 494 493 484 506

Mexico .................................................... 17,936 19,257 19,824 23,028 24,582 26,844 25,560 26,665

Nicaragua ............................................... 89 89 82 74 83 93 131 112

Panama .................................................. 2,556 2,670 3,525 3,456 4,118 4,794 5,286 5,083

Paraguay 4 .............................................. 41 60 79 92 108 130 148 161

Peru ........................................................ 1,474 1,416 2,250 2,150 3,092 4,487 4,978 4,963

Uruguay.................................................. 361 1,119 341 1,083 415 403 393 407

Venezuela .............................................. 2,477 2,651 2,791 3,013 2,580 2,152 2,107 2,022

All other Latin America 4......................... 37 147 34 63 70 194 52 50

Total Latin America.............................. 62,331 66,834 73,068 88,492 90,463 91,864 103,303 98,106

Caribbean: 

Anguilla 5 ................................................ 5,281 2,575 3,479 3,140 6,493 7,796 8,035 12,996

Bahamas ................................................ 194,510 200,268 196,649 205,312 238,924 271,848 209,972 213,724

Barbados 5 .............................................. 471 372 794 352 445 557 594 684

See footnotes at end of table. 
 CAPITAL MOVEMENTS 

March 2009 

61

TABLE CM-II-2.—Total Claims by Country, con. 

[Position at end of period in millions of dollars. Source: Treasury International Capital Reporting System] 

 

2007 2008 

Country 

Calendar 

year 

2006 Mar. June Sept. Dec. r Mar. r June Sept. p

 

Caribbean, con. 

Bermuda...................................... 21,721 29,321 18,845 20,419 12,378 19,442 15,740 15,224

British Virgin Islands 5.................. 4,270 5,934 7,420 5,190 4,857 6,012 6,779 6,922

Cayman Islands........................... 835,646 884,896 948,695 932,175 961,957 971,352 994,336 906,900

Dominican Republic 5 .................. 650 615 571 630 686 720 787 754

Haiti 5............................................ 50 56 67 56 46 52 76 76

Jamaica ....................................... 695 768 592 666 687 751 848 832

Netherlands Antilles .................... 2,686 2,897 2,634 4,877 4,624 5,085 4,288 3,726

Trinidad and Tobago ................... 1,055 1,034 680 524 673 724 809 592

All other Caribbean 5 ................... 383 563 627 584 770 786 672 555

Total Caribbean........................ 1,067,418 1,129,299 1,181,053 1,173,925 1,232,540 1,285,125 1,242,936 1,162,985

Asia: 

China, Mainland. ......................... 15,915 19,326 20,709 18,104 19,359 16,672 20,335 11,162

Hong Kong .................................. 8,300 6,500 7,506 7,472 10,263 10,566 10,022 14,720

India............................................. 3,209 3,209 3,514 4,563 4,588 4,620 5,984 6,182

Indonesia..................................... 559 549 525 583 1,030 1,089 1,243 1,168

Israel............................................ 6,568 6,390 7,680 6,451 5,031 4,902 4,907 3,588

Japan........................................... 157,671 136,611 130,634 106,578 97,856 111,232 89,066 83,006

Jordan 6........................................ 21 21 33 49 54 21 24 30

Korea, South ............................... 25,258 24,841 26,815 14,392 28,247 28,398 20,482 14,741

Lebanon....................................... 20 27 39 53 51 52 48 66

Malaysia ...................................... 947 627 1,104 1,914 1,989 1,166 1,114 695

Pakistan....................................... 29 42 105 218 164 64 115 195

Philippines ................................... 1,020 1,094 1,123 1,233 1,271 1,835 1,517 930

Singapore .................................... 5,519 5,347 6,163 5,687 6,662 7,867 7,393 7,151

Taiwan......................................... 3,607 3,880 6,140 3,864 1,641 3,065 2,027 2,351

Thailand....................................... 6,585 6,131 5,607 2,369 5,978 2,483 1,194 203

Asian oil exporters 7 .................... 11,789 13,281 15,470 15,403 23,932 14,672 13,996 11,436

All other Asia 6 ............................. 424 614 929 723 799 1,554 1,023 1,052

Total Asia.................................. 247,441 228,490 234,096 189,656 208,915 210,258 180,490 158,676

Africa: 

Cameroon 8.................................. 20 16 16 12 11 9 10 10

Egypt ........................................... 1,833 1,692 1,331 1,713 1,488 1,773 1,940 2,014

Ghana.......................................... 13 19 8 31 30 42 53 62

Liberia.......................................... 296 266 322 371 331 338 266 327

Morocco....................................... 84 77 85 47 50 45 55 30

South Africa................................. 640 416 438 431 730 620 520 1,021

African oil exporters 9 .................. 414 326 295 321 453 1,301 834 1,123

All other Africa 8 ........................... 251 269 388 424 6,570 13,594 16,880 1,377

Total Africa ............................... 3,551 3,081 2,883 3,350 9,663 17,722 20,558 5,964

Other countries: 

Australia....................................... 26,600 32,769 36,902 42,739 43,465 36,569 43,749 40,533

New Zealand ............................... 4,147 2,929 2,838 2,170 4,541 6,125 6,104 6,133

All other ....................................... 242 364 335 357 316 486 425 526

Total other countries................. 30,989 36,062 40,075 45,266 48,322 43,180 50,278 47,192

Total foreign countries ........... 3,128,641 3,361,032 3,583,500 3,671,468 3,780,643 4,008,831 3,790,637 3,635,790

International and regional orgs: 

International organizations.......... 11,279 10,236 9,779 9,371 10,930 11,444 5,516 5,513

Regional organizations 10 ............ 644 570 475 660 1,202 1,043 722 2,215

Total international 

and regional organizations............ 11,923 10,806 10,254 10,031 12,132 12,487 6,238 7,728

Grand total ............................. 3,140,564 3,371,838 3,593,754 3,681,499 3,792,775 4,021,318 3,796,875 3,643,518

1

 Before June 2006, data for Kazakhstan are included in “All other Europe.” 

2 Includes Austria, Belgium, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, 

Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Portugal, and Spain. For data as of January 2008, also 

includes Cyprus, Malta, and Slovenia. 

3 As of May 2004, the European Union includes Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, the Czech 

Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, 

Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, 

Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, and the United Kingdom. Data available beginning June 2006. 

As of January 2007, also includes Bulgaria and Romania. 

4 Before June 2006, data for Bolivia, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Honduras, and Paraguay 

are included in “All other Latin America.” 

5

 Before June 2006, data for Anguilla, Barbados, the British Virgin Islands, Dominican 

Republic, and Haiti are included in “All other Caribbean.” 

6

 Before June 2006, data for Jordan are included in “All other Asia.” 

7

 Includes Bahrain, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and United Arab 

Emirates (Trucial States). 

8

 Before June 2006, data for Cameroon are included in “All other Africa.” 

9 Includes Algeria, Gabon, Libya, and Nigeria. 

10 Includes European, Latin American, Caribbean, Asian, African, and Middle East 

organizations. 
CAPITAL MOVEMENTS 

March 2009 

62 

TABLE CM-II-3.—Total Claims on Foreigners by Type and Country, September 30, 2008 

[Position at end of period in millions of dollars. Source: Treasury International Capital Reporting System] 

Respondents’ own claims 

Claims of domestic customers 

Country 

Total 

claims 

(1) 

Total 

own 

claims

(2) 

Total own 

claims 

payable in 

dollars 

(3) 

Foreign 

official 

institutions

and foreign

banks 

(4) 

Claims 

on all 

other 

foreigners 

(5) 

Payable in 

foreign 

currencies 

(6) 

Total 

customer 

claims 

(7) 

Payable 

in 

dollars 

(8) 

Payable in

foreign

currencies

(9) 

Europe: 

Austria ............................................... 8,665 4,642 4,624 1,712 2,912 18 4,023 2,935 1,088

Belgium.............................................. 24,683 22,073 21,730 20,503 1,227 343 2,610 585 2,025

Czech Republic ................................. 273 266 255 255 - 11 7 1 6

Denmark............................................ 8,477 2,516 2,321 1,443 878 195 5,961 5,780 181

Finland............................................... 29,103 25,864 25,807 25,232 575 57 3,239 2,582 657

France ............................................... 207,384 180,635 171,980 141,512 30,468 8,655 26,749 15,609 11,141

Germany............................................ 86,050 57,975 49,751 42,138 7,613 8,224 28,075 15,241 12,835

Greece............................................... 1,465 502 149 85 64 353 963 3 960

Hungary............................................. 336 336 287 16 271 49 - - -

Ireland................................................ 92,874 64,358 63,668 51,144 12,524 690 28,516 24,964 3,552

Italy .................................................... 61,795 53,424 49,844 49,652 192 3,580 8,371 1,480 6,891

Kazakhstan........................................ 544 520 516 419 97 4 24 - 24

Luxembourg ...................................... 20,815 12,492 11,508 3,575 7,933 984 8,323 7,945 378

Netherlands ....................................... 66,473 48,555 46,498 16,098 30,400 2,057 17,918 14,431 3,488

Norway .............................................. 31,173 24,090 23,916 22,612 1,304 174 7,083 6,951 132

Poland ............................................... 11,678 11,580 11,461 11,458 3 119 98 - 98

Portugal ............................................. 2,392 1,375 1,370 865 505 5 1,017 117 900

Romania ............................................ 159 159 136 1 135 23 - - -

Russia................................................ 2,629 2,571 2,518 1,939 579 53 58 58 -

Spain ................................................. 55,669 48,650 46,326 45,922 404 2,324 7,019 3,064 3,955

Sweden.............................................. 30,423 8,848 7,920 6,928 992 928 21,575 20,961 614

Switzerland........................................ 123,053 115,891 107,339 100,979 6,360 8,552 7,162 7,060 102

Turkey................................................ 4,159 4,154 3,782 2,908 874 372 5 4 1

United Kingdom................................. 1,126,991 975,910 947,947 745,147 202,800 27,963 151,081 141,606 9,475

Channel Islands .................................. 15,908 4,832 4,356 2,407 1,949 476 11,076 9,949 1,127

All other Europe ................................ 3,254 2,246 1,769 1,212 557 477 1,008 892 116

Total Europe ................................... 2,016,426 1,674,464 1,607,778 1,296,162 311,616 66,686 341,962 282,217 59,745

Memo: Euro Area 1 ............................... 658,414 521,270 493,788 398,784 95,004 27,482 137,144 89,256 47,888

Canada................................................. 146,441 112,593 94,168 78,188 15,980 18,425 33,848 29,233 4,615

Latin America: 

Argentina ........................................... 5,074 4,986 4,816 1,305 3,511 170 88 62 26

Bolivia 3 .............................................. 190 190 177 14 163 13 - - -

Brazil.................................................. 32,058 31,836 31,086 17,861 13,225 750 222 195 27

Chile .................................................. 11,873 11,866 11,078 5,595 5,483 788 7 5 2

Colombia ........................................... 4,653 4,599 3,770 2,001 1,769 829 54 51 3

Costa Rica ........................................ 1,234 1,234 1,185 294 891 49 - - -

Ecuador............................................. 843 836 831 266 565 5 7 7 -

El Salvador ....................................... 801 801 801 307 494 - - - -

Guatemala......................................... 1,411 1,411 1,355 679 676 56 - - -

Honduras .......................................... 506 506 505 191 314 1 - - -

Mexico ............................................... 26,665 26,565 25,444 1,137 24,307 1,121 100 15 85

Panama ............................................. 5,083 5,068 4,842 3,797 1,045 226 15 15 -

Peru ................................................... 4,963 4,695 4,540 1,973 2,567 155 268 19 249

Uruguay............................................. 407 405 333 31 302 72 2 2 -

Venezuela ......................................... 2,022 1,907 1,805 260 1,545 102 115 115 -

All other Latin America ..................... 323 323 323 113 210 - - - -

Total Latin America......................... 98,106 97,228 92,891 35,824 57,067 4,337 878 486 392

 

See footnotes at end of table. 
 CAPITAL MOVEMENTS 

March 2009 

63

TABLE CM-II-3.—Total Claims on Foreigners by Type and Country, September 30, 2008, con. 

[Position at end of period in millions of dollars. Source: Treasury International Capital Reporting System] 

 Respondents’ own claims 

Claims of domestic customers 

Country 

Total 

claims 

(1) 

Total 

own 

claims 

(2) 

Total own 

claims 

payable in 

dollars 

(3) 

Foreign 

official 

institutions

and foreign

banks 

(4) 

Claims 

on all 

other 

foreigners

(5) 

Payable in

foreign 

currencies

(6) 

Total 

customer

claims 

(7) 

Payable

in 

dollars

(8) 

Payable in 

foreign 

currencies 

(9) 

Caribbean: 

Bahamas ........................................... 213,724 142,499 141,424 134,956 6,468 1,075 71,225 71,195 30 

Bermuda............................................ 15,224 14,725 13,178 76 13,102 1,547 499 497 2 

British Virgin Islands ......................... 6,922 6,823 5,324 58 5,266 1,499 99 99 - 

Cayman Islands................................. 906,900 674,476 641,308 511,951 129,357 33,168 232,424 230,822 1,602 

Dominican Republic ......................... 754 721 708 234 474 13 33 33 - 

Jamaica ............................................. 832 832 808 203 605 24 - - - 

Netherlands Antilles .......................... 3,726 3,647 3,400 153 3,247 247 79 79 - 

Trinidad and Tobago ......................... 592 592 592 194 398 - - - - 

All other Caribbean ........................... 14,311 14,289 13,324 217 13,107 965 22 22 - 

Total Caribbean.............................. 1,162,985 858,604 820,066 648,042 172,024 38,538 304,381 302,747 1,634 

Asia: 

China, Mainland ................................ 11,162 11,097 10,497 9,757 740 600 65 45 20 

Hong Kong ........................................ 14,720 14,554 13,908 12,151 1,757 646 166 24 142 

India................................................... 6,182 5,970 5,882 4,876 1,006 88 212 182 30 

Indonesia........................................... 1,168 1,154 1,111 849 262 43 14 1 13 

Israel.................................................. 3,588 3,032 2,879 2,719 160 153 556 547 9 

Japan................................................. 83,006 78,345 70,776 60,242 10,534 7,569 4,661 3,152 1,509 

Korea, South ..................................... 14,741 13,878 13,775 13,148 627 103 863 220 643 

Malaysia ............................................ 695 451 423 335 88 28 244 2 242 

Pakistan............................................. 195 195 194 185 9 1 - - - 

Philippines ......................................... 930 905 864 742 122 41 25 3 22 

Singapore .......................................... 7,151 7,029 5,622 3,995 1,627 1,407 122 9 113 

Taiwan............................................... 2,351 2,130 1,954 1,575 379 176 221 9 212 

Thailand............................................. 203 131 90 72 18 41 72 13 59 

All other Asia ..................................... 12,584 12,447 11,842 9,286 2,556 605 137 101 36 

Total Asia........................................ 158,676 151,318 139,817 119,932 19,885 11,501 7,358 4,308 3,050 

Africa: 

Egypt ................................................. 2,014 402 397 205 192 5 1,612 30 1,582 

Ghana................................................ 62 62 62 60 2 - - - - 

Liberia................................................ 327 327 327 2 325 - - - - 

Morocco............................................. 30 27 8 7 1 19 3 3 - 

South Africa....................................... 1,021 975 908 859 49 67 46 25 21 

All other Africa ................................... 2,510 2,285 2,279 982 1,297 6 225 104 121 

Total Africa ..................................... 5,964 4,078 3,981 2,115 1,866 97 1,886 162 1,724 

Other countries: 

Australia............................................. 40,533 22,899 21,276 16,747 4,529 1,623 17,634 16,543 1,091 

New Zealand ..................................... 6,133 2,117 817 505 312 1,300 4,016 4,005 11 

All other ............................................. 526 526 525 4 521 1 - - - 

Total other countries....................... 47,192 25,542 22,618 17,256 5,362 2,924 21,650 20,548 1,102 

Total foreign countries ................. 3,635,790 2,923,827 2,781,319 2,197,519 583,800 142,508 711,963 639,701 72,262 

International and regional orgs: 

International organizations................ 5,513 4,757 4,757 - 4,757 - 756 696 60 

Regional organizations 2.................... 2,215 654 654 - 654 - 1,561 1,488 73 

Total international and regional 

organizations .................................. 7,728 5,411 5,411 - 5,411 - 2,317 2,184 133 

Grand total ................................... 3,643,518 2,929,238 2,786,730 2,197,519 589,211 142,508 714,280 641,885 72,395 

1

Includes Austria, Belgium, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, 

the Netherlands, Portugal, and Spain. As of January 2008, also includes Cyprus, Malta, 

and Slovenia. 

2

 Includes European, Latin American, Caribbean, Asian, African, and Middle East regional 

organizations. 
CAPITAL MOVEMENTS 

March 2009 

64 

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

2004 2005 2006 2007 Sept. 2008

United Kingdom All other Europe Caribbean banking centers

Japan All other Asia All other countries

(In billions of dollars)

[In millions of dollars. Source: Treasury International Capital Reporting System] 

Calendar years 

Country 2004 2005 2006 2007 Sept. 2008 

United Kingdom............................ 567,001 627,105 938,123 1,108,747 1,126,991 

All other Europe ........................... 527,615 604,908 672,126 941,827 889,435 

Caribbean banking centers 1........ 755,954 870,441 1,061,389 1,226,858 1,151,579 

Japan............................................ 102,859 114,713 157,671 97,856 83,006 

All other Asia ................................ 70,601 92,387 89,770 111,059 75,670 

Subtotal ...................................... 2,024,030 2,309,554 2,919,079 3,486,347 3,326,681 

All other countries ........................ 164,411 190,845 221,485 306,428 316,837 

Grand total ................................. 2,188,441 2,500,399 3,140,564 3,792,775 3,643,518 

1

 Includes Bahamas, Bermuda, Cayman Islands, Netherlands Antilles, and Panama. For data beginning June 2006, also 

includes the British Virgin Islands. 

CHART CM-B.—U.S. Claims on Foreigners 

Reported by U.S. Banks, Brokers, and Dealers with Respect to Selected Countries

In September 2008, U.S. claims 

on foreigners reported by U.S. 

banks amounted to about $3.6 

trillion, a decrease of $149 

billion from that recorded at 

yearend 2007. U.S. banking 

claims include holdings of 

foreign short-term securities but 

exclude holdings of foreign 

long-term securities. U.S. 

banking claims increased $652 

billion in 2007 and $640 billion 

in 2006, but part of the latter 

increase reflects changes in 

coverage in the bank-reported 

data in the first and second 

quarters of 2006. Between June 

and December of 2006, when 

data were reported on a 

consistent basis, banking claims 

increased about $209 billion. 

Banking claims increased $312 

billion in 2005. 

As with U.S. banking liabilities, 

U.S. banking claims on 

foreigners are concentrated in 

international financial centers. 

About 60 percent of these 

claims are reported opposite the 

United Kingdom and banking 

centers in the Caribbean. The 

share of claims against 

foreigners domiciled in Asia 

has declined over the past 

decade from about 20 percent at 

the end of 1996 to less than 5 

percent currently. 
CAPITAL MOVEMENTS 

March 2009 

65

SECTION III.—Liabilities to, and Claims on, Unaffiliated Foreigners 

Reported by Nonbanking Business Enterprises 

in the United States 

TABLE CM-III-1.—Total Liabilities and Claims by Type 

[Position at end of period in millions of dollars. Source: Treasury International Capital Reporting System] 

Calendar year 2007 2008 

Type of liability or claim 2004 2005 2006 Sept. Dec. r Mar. r June Sept. p 

 

Total liabilities ................................................ 92,009 76,710 89,217 112,853 103,835 111,287 107,533 103,044 

Payable in dollars....................................... 55,386 58,728 72,331 84,072 79,161 85,117 86,712 87,341 

Financial................................................. 29,575 24,003 35,033 29,103 26,474 23,995 21,646 23,021 

Short-term negotiable securities........ 1,410 3,248 8,266 3,016 1,983 2,391 3,338 3,020 

Other .................................................. 28,165 20,755 26,767 26,087 24,491 21,604 18,308 20,001 

Commercial............................................ 25,811 34,725 37,298 54,969 52,687 61,122 65,066 64,320 

Trade payables .................................. 16,705 21,751 24,101 27,961 26,261 29,874 36,257 32,167 

Advance receipts and other............... 9,106 12,974 13,197 27,008 26,426 31,248 28,809 32,153 

Payable in foreign currencies .................... 36,623 17,982 16,886 28,781 24,674 26,170 20,821 15,703 

By major foreign currency: 

Canadian dollars................................ 2,623 2,525 3,536 1,500 2,162 2,655 1,790 1,895 

Euros.................................................. 10,125 5,041 5,239 13,488 9,075 10,496 9,624 5,751 

United Kingdom pounds sterling........ 19,041 3,640 4,494 4,307 4,267 4,261 4,589 3,348 

Japanese yen..................................... 1,860 2,326 1,770 3,673 3,908 4,249 2,597 2,948 

Other .................................................. 2,974 4,450 1,847 5,813 5,262 4,509 2,221 1,761 

By type of liability: 

Financial............................................. 33,272 15,246 13,679 25,948 21,445 22,180 17,639 13,037 

Short-term negotiable securities.... 10,349 5,802 3,351 1,647 2,940 5,360 3,036 3,143 

Other .............................................. 22,923 9,444 10,328 24,301 18,505 16,820 14,603 9,894 

Commercial........................................ 3,351 2,736 3,207 2,833 3,229 3,990 3,182 2,666 

Trade payables .............................. 1,476 1,299 1,572 1,361 1,605 2,398 1,515 1,249 

Advance receipts and other........... 1,875 1,437 1,635 1,472 1,624 1,592 1,667 1,417 

Total claims.................................................... 143,232 144,950 126,032 144,477 136,416 138,809 146,367 118,962 

Payable in dollars....................................... 94,884 105,700 100,031 105,282 110,070 114,989 123,173 97,506 

Financial................................................. 67,445 75,802 66,871 65,146 66,726 72,084 75,228 52,911 

Non-negotiable deposits .................... 42,005 42,140 28,380 25,583 28,393 32,439 41,538 21,654 

Negotiable CDs and short-term 

 negotiable instruments..................... 9,739 12,888 2,624 1,235 1,168 1,282 1,276 857 

Other .................................................. 16,314 20,774 35,867 38,328 37,165 38,363 32,414 30,400 

Commercial............................................ 27,439 29,898 33,160 40,136 43,344 42,905 47,945 44,595 

Trade receivables .............................. 24,778 26,080 29,388 33,345 37,108 35,739 40,875 38,599 

Advance payments and other............ 2,661 3,818 3,772 6,791 6,236 7,166 7,070 5,996 

Payable in foreign currencies .................... 48,348 39,250 26,001 39,195 26,346 23,820 23,194 21,456 

By major foreign currency: 

Canadian dollars................................ 1,841 9,829 9,194 5,024 5,371 5,751 4,911 5,380 

Euros.................................................. 22,212 10,643 6,951 16,622 10,833 8,962 9,846 7,507 

United Kingdom pounds sterling........ 10,805 8,341 4,675 4,274 4,210 3,612 4,036 3,499 

Japanese yen..................................... 7,583 3,724 1,027 9,398 1,378 1,139 1,064 1,088 

Other .................................................. 5,907 6,713 4,154 3,877 4,554 4,356 3,337 3,982 

By type of claim: 

Financial............................................. 43,072 35,592 21,775 35,638 21,305 19,754 20,059 19,661 

Non-negotiable deposits ................ 5,878 8,009 3,529 11,237 1,498 1,613 1,464 1,566 

Short-term negotiable securities.... 153 292 120 109 77 72 111 93 

Other .............................................. 37,041 27,291 18,126 24,292 19,730 18,069 18,484 18,002 

Commercial........................................ 5,276 3,658 4,226 3,557 5,041 4,066 3,135 1,795 

Trade receivables .......................... 4,451 3,151 3,414 3,175 4,684 3,797 2,900 1,691 

Advance payments and other........ 825 507 812 382 357 269 235 104 

 
CAPITAL MOVEMENTS 

March 2009 

66 

TABLE CM-III-2.—Total Liabilities to Unaffiliated Foreigners by Country 

[Position at end of period in millions of dollars. Source: Treasury International Capital Reporting System] 

Calendar year 2007 2008 

Country 2003 2004 2005 2006 Sept. Dec. r Mar. r June Sept. p 

Europe: 

Austria.................................. 82 146 68 91 350 230 90 115 78

Belgium ................................ 163 74 73 181 197 492 308 1,194 872

Bulgaria................................ 3 2 - 44 26 36 34 6 4

Czech Republic.................... 6 34 17 14 21 25 52 48 34

Denmark............................... 67 41 78 132 1,030 937 269 156 164

Finland ................................. 47 38 20 140 38 63 69 160 192

France.................................. 4,443 2,368 2,631 2,562 3,133 3,165 3,296 2,173 2,637

Germany .............................. 4,386 3,935 3,646 12,391 8,325 4,977 3,127 2,912 3,056

Greece ................................. 474 248 401 182 197 187 199 348 300

Hungary................................ 11 14 12 18 18 46 16 21 24

Ireland .................................. 856 1,070 1,636 316 475 1,569 925 1,315 1,265

Italy....................................... 1,154 795 1,174 1,040 1,375 1,196 1,106 448 1,377

Luxembourg ......................... 705 824 378 977 483 235 197 168 366

Netherlands.......................... 668 668 895 1,709 1,171 1,194 1,036 1,417 968

Norway................................. 445 1,365 3,537 545 327 721 517 1,129 474

Poland.................................. 26 151 229 330 412 385 371 359 350

Portugal................................ 7 22 39 27 404 205 122 41 37

Romania............................... 30 33 4 9 7 6 10 42 57

Russia .................................. 71 74 64 110 305 306 411 498 523

Serbia and Montenegro 

(formerly Yugoslavia)....... - 2 4 1 4 3 6 2 1

Spain.................................... 1,068 591 399 269 627 533 754 692 771

Sweden ................................ 656 800 747 952 951 438 237 271 264

Switzerland .......................... 1,884 1,078 1,237 1,070 1,580 1,705 2,027 2,834 2,983

Turkey .................................. 302 180 137 261 642 754 754 749 675

United Kingdom ................... 26,911 32,878 15,093 17,339 27,475 23,350 25,261 22,946 17,540

Channel Islands and 

Isle of Man ....................... - 2 501 15 117 208 149 117 120

Other Europe ....................... 188 286 250 421 455 539 505 466 622

Total Europe .................... 44,653 47,720 33,271 41,146 50,145 43,505 41,848 40,627 35,754

Canada..................................... 3,405 4,578 4,905 7,694 7,503 7,767 7,329 7,237 7,241

Latin America: 

Argentina.............................. 125 59 148 138 133 156 173 158 111

Brazil .................................... 475 321 288 264 448 940 1,168 1,113 1,107

Chile ..................................... 60 91 387 406 388 546 647 605 435

Colombia.............................. 118 84 106 208 327 356 372 360 391

Ecuador................................ 21 26 10 89 300 33 128 140 142

Guatemala ........................... 15 10 23 25 10 10 8 8 10

Mexico.................................. 1,332 1,968 2,234 2,150 2,963 2,848 3,112 4,200 2,631

Panama................................ 52 7 56 57 107 85 196 87 104

Peru...................................... 15 17 8 6 54 36 11 113 57

Uruguay................................ 4 2 2 13 25 20 7 26 13

Venezuela ............................ 332 451 681 353 602 575 886 1,187 1,338

Other Latin America............. 98 113 105 24 26 106 97 73 50

Total Latin America............. 2,647 3,149 4,048 3,733 5,383 5,711 6,805 8,070 6,389

Caribbean: 

Bahamas.............................. 14 32 70 70 129 89 180 163 108

Bermuda................................... 1,224 9,230 1,704 777 1,161 707 1,322 1,103 728

Cayman Islands ................... 3,154 7,279 6,522 12,804 14,722 15,969 15,830 13,494 14,490

Cuba..................................... 2 - - - - - - - -

Jamaica................................ 17 24 14 20 21 18 21 26 35

Netherlands Antilles............. 3 14 13 2 4 4 5 5 4

Trinidad and Tobago............ 16 15 44 25 108 74 100 93 72

Other Caribbean .................. 564 729 936 761 1,214 803 514 894 778

Total Caribbean ............... 4,994 17,323 9,303 14,459 17,359 17,664 17,972 15,778 16,215

See footnotes at end of table. 
CAPITAL MOVEMENTS 

March 2009 

67

TABLE CM-III-2.—Total Liabilities to Unaffiliated Foreigners by Country, con. 

[Position at end of period in millions of dollars. Source: Treasury International Capital Reporting System] 

Calendar year 2007 2008 

Country 2003 2004 2005 2006 Sept. Dec. r Mar. r June Sept. p 

Asia: 

China, Mainland. .................... 1,129 3,983 3,825 1,297 3,653 857 4,041 4,746 5,374

Hong Kong ............................. 583 668 746 564 1,068 981 845 922 971

India........................................ 86 103 158 418 1,255 1,447 1,350 1,289 1,261

Indonesia................................ 60 74 89 57 141 172 250 253 414

Israel....................................... 519 302 613 385 291 293 264 280 310

Japan...................................... 6,196 5,869 7,354 7,210 7,152 6,888 8,030 6,374 7,528

Korea, South .......................... 1,331 723 1,743 1,350 1,516 1,213 1,348 1,235 1,508

Lebanon ................................. 13 35 42 11 7 9 5 18 11

Malaysia ................................. 188 256 335 471 399 562 566 555 348

Pakistan.................................. 233 171 230 171 282 172 50 62 71

Philippines.............................. 139 117 109 95 47 89 89 91 116

Singapore............................... 1,436 822 1,823 2,839 4,007 4,255 4,445 2,279 4,482

Syria ....................................... 2 21 4 8 8 8 8 8 2

Taiwan.................................... 441 491 1,010 1,093 1,166 1,019 975 877 797

Thailand.................................. 34 79 212 599 561 380 392 341 383

Oil-exporting countries 1......... 3,184 2,946 4,159 3,955 7,380 7,158 10,068 12,304 10,070

Other Asia .............................. 284 303 298 156 344 377 424 247 304

Total Asia ........................... 15,858 16,963 22,750 20,679 29,277 25,880 33,150 31,881 33,950

Africa: 

Congo (formerly Zaire)........... 86 - - - 1 - - - -

Egypt ...................................... 28 132 119 132 247 280 259 291 143

Ghana..................................... 4 2 1 6 6 12 1 18 2

Liberia..................................... - 14 1 3 1 6 63 75 85

Morocco.................................. 41 44 42 42 103 190 210 124 120

South Africa............................ 52 36 950 35 33 52 83 68 68

Oil-exporting countries 2......... 464 518 590 283 763 655 1,069 1,108 743

Other Africa ............................ 230 332 210 379 325 294 544 332 529

Total Africa ......................... 905 1,078 1,913 880 1,479 1,489 2,229 2,016 1,690

Other countries: 

Australia ................................. 1,053 1,047 397 560 1,581 1,658 1,824 1,784 1,648

New Zealand .......................... 71 51 38 36 77 91 80 75 78

All other .................................. 98 98 83 15 16 25 32 31 33

Total other countries .......... 1,222 1,196 518 611 1,674 1,774 1,936 1,890 1,759

Total foreign countries ... 73,684 92,007 76,708 89,202 112,820 103,790 111,269 107,499 102,998

International and regional orgs: 

International organizations..... - - - - 3 2 1 - -

Regional organizations 3 ........ 16 2 2 15 30 43 17 34 46

Total international and 

 regional organizations...... 16 2 2 15 33 45 18 34 46

Grand total ..................... 73,700 92,009 76,710 89,217 112,853 103,835 111,287 107,533 103,044

 

 1

 Includes Bahrain, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab 

Emirates (Trucial States). 

2

 Includes Algeria, Gabon, Libya, and Nigeria. 

3

 Includes European, Latin American, Caribbean, Asian, African, and Middle East regional 

organizations. 
CAPITAL MOVEMENTS 

March 2009 

68 

TABLE CM-III-3.—Total Claims on Unaffiliated Foreigners by Country 

[Position at end of period in millions of dollars. Source: Treasury International Capital Reporting System] 

 Calendar year 2007 2008 

Country 2003 2004 2005 2006 Sept. Dec. r Mar. r June Sept. p

Europe: 

Austria....................................... 1,752 1,816 2,159 2,031 2,014 2,039 1,990 1,992 2,452

Belgium ..................................... 523 2,307 1,822 419 1,071 807 3,335 2,683 3,034

Bulgaria..................................... 14 37 29 3 4 6 9 7 6

Czech Republic......................... 54 64 49 50 127 134 128 93 93

Denmark.................................... 716 494 341 149 208 184 193 677 159

Finland ...................................... 176 617 336 591 528 805 627 971 415

France....................................... 5,865 3,713 5,063 3,420 4,822 6,061 5,546 5,281 3,282

Germany ................................... 4,132 6,787 4,238 10,148 9,256 4,926 5,833 8,760 5,195

Greece ...................................... 204 199 380 163 142 250 218 260 242

Hungary..................................... 53 46 57 45 174 153 163 165 107

Ireland ....................................... 423 1,672 795 858 1,007 968 781 2,357 2,790

Italy............................................ 4,069 2,434 3,702 2,337 2,442 2,515 3,024 2,217 1,572

Luxembourg .............................. 115 127 391 352 1,567 919 777 577 469

Netherlands............................... 3,184 7,883 3,387 3,570 4,435 3,989 2,772 4,674 2,739

Norway...................................... 315 229 402 366 289 325 355 602 309

Poland....................................... 104 57 58 99 160 153 146 167 165

Portugal..................................... 161 146 60 64 82 89 75 116 82

Romania.................................... 25 47 22 36 37 60 51 41 57

Russia ....................................... 118 157 359 774 1,029 1,326 1,329 664 711

Serbia and Montenegro 

(formerly Yugoslavia)............ 13 14 17 10 18 15 23 17 13

Spain......................................... 1,803 1,242 2,032 1,425 1,634 1,625 2,080 2,070 2,074

Sweden ..................................... 779 648 503 652 632 689 1,157 548 497

Switzerland ............................... 2,538 2,506 1,876 1,424 1,768 2,143 2,020 2,100 1,592

Turkey ....................................... 474 594 638 420 540 732 548 604 587

United Kingdom ........................ 15,366 27,699 24,772 17,483 26,085 23,662 21,777 24,074 19,174

Channel Islands and 

Isle of Man ............................ - 25 16 19 116 109 115 102 91

Other Europe ............................ 546 607 1,315 1,267 965 1,465 1,157 931 2,159

Total Europe ......................... 43,522 62,171 54,820 48,175 61,152 56,149 56,229 62,750 50,066

Canada.......................................... 8,381 8,429 16,122 17,520 14,803 16,418 15,302 16,057 15,376

Latin America: 

Argentina................................... 398 406 350 470 495 463 563 596 473

Brazil ......................................... 2,735 2,758 2,972 2,927 2,409 2,682 2,666 2,823 2,632

Chile .......................................... 382 346 303 299 411 404 805 641 628

Colombia................................... 234 295 299 349 431 449 565 496 548

Ecuador..................................... 117 86 95 119 96 160 166 250 245

Guatemala ................................ 76 90 100 116 173 200 198 218 181

Mexico....................................... 2,968 3,756 4,108 3,242 3,413 3,505 3,539 4,354 3,975

Panama..................................... 232 177 198 266 273 323 302 463 439

Peru........................................... 73 95 117 164 228 196 239 278 327

Uruguay..................................... 16 13 5 12 17 33 30 74 109

Venezuela ................................. 361 474 539 481 624 669 695 671 591

Other Latin America.................. 427 504 485 376 413 431 553 480 444

Total Latin America................... 8,019 9,000 9,571 8,821 8,983 9,515 10,321 11,344 10,592

Caribbean: 

Bahamas................................... 1,075 1,631 1,631 3,949 2,493 2,200 1,909 1,650 353

Bermuda......................................... 1,024 5,358 2,238 1,734 2,925 1,704 1,776 1,793 1,851

Cayman Islands ........................ 20,067 36,320 36,416 26,051 23,487 16,987 28,363 26,742 15,093

Cuba.......................................... 16 8 12 2 2 10 - - -

Jamaica..................................... 84 67 70 60 98 106 92 82 86

Netherlands Antilles.................. 32 37 42 30 92 118 187 46 62

Trinidad and Tobago................. 100 120 119 125 124 172 146 111 92

Other Caribbean ....................... 951 1,085 1,721 1,264 1,369 1,518 1,609 1,711 1,260

Total Caribbean .................... 23,349 44,626 42,249 33,215 30,590 22,815 34,082 32,135 18,797

See footnotes at end of table. 
CAPITAL MOVEMENTS 

March 2009 

69

TABLE CM-III-3.—Total Claims on Unaffiliated Foreigners by Country, con. 

[Position at end of period in millions of dollars. Source: Treasury International Capital Reporting System] 

Calendar year 2007 2008 

Country 2003 2004 2005 2006 Sept. Dec. r Mar. r June Sept. p

 

Asia: 

China, Mainland..................... 1,066 3,688 4,958 1,772 1,866 1,913 1,883 2,155 2,110

Hong Kong ............................. 832 701 941 1,009 9,224 8,762 1,288 2,044 1,141

India ....................................... 668 643 413 654 781 812 707 824 885

Indonesia................................ 170 393 445 231 167 206 259 258 330

Israel ...................................... 749 482 403 360 563 601 620 610 579

Japan ..................................... 2,951 2,848 2,696 3,349 4,343 5,518 5,247 5,309 5,231

Korea, South .......................... 1,456 1,569 1,244 1,143 1,235 1,272 1,237 1,215 1,223

Lebanon ................................. 34 15 22 19 18 19 22 26 34

Malaysia................................. 497 549 536 270 344 362 303 307 263

Pakistan ................................. 34 43 57 86 54 115 83 67 48

Philippines.............................. 743 503 275 109 128 109 105 131 80

Singapore............................... 1,162 1,600 1,944 1,811 1,938 2,809 1,985 2,187 2,215

Syria ....................................... 6 14 6 10 10 1 3 2 -

Taiwan.................................... 783 892 853 972 1,098 1,240 1,397 1,172 1,088

Thailand ................................. 250 326 295 312 346 416 491 440 372

Oil-exporting countries 1......... 1,046 1,208 1,800 1,814 2,225 2,552 2,070 2,081 2,793

Other Asia .............................. 222 309 408 328 425 513 446 183 193

Total Asia ........................... 12,669 15,783 17,296 14,249 24,765 27,220 18,146 19,011 18,585

Africa: 

Congo (formerly Zaire)........... 2 1 1 11 6 6 6 5 5

Egypt...................................... 176 159 194 165 335 296 315 302 265

Ghana .................................... 8 4 16 3 7 8 4 10 3

Liberia .................................... 109 102 98 73 62 54 54 51 53

Morocco ................................. 27 33 23 21 34 21 30 30 21

South Africa ........................... 247 193 1,075 221 307 254 267 320 311

Oil-exporting countries 2......... 150 162 295 332 293 350 352 396 379

Other Africa............................ 336 281 419 411 331 400 724 736 708

Total Africa......................... 1,055 935 2,121 1,237 1,375 1,389 1,752 1,850 1,745

Other countries: 

Australia ................................. 3,619 1,588 2,144 2,365 2,584 2,467 2,566 2,709 3,430

New Zealand.......................... 208 441 420 351 148 145 154 151 157

All other.................................. 83 245 207 76 49 37 30 17 17

Total other countries .......... 3,910 2,274 2,771 2,792 2,781 2,649 2,750 2,877 3,604

Total foreign countries ... 100,905 143,218 144,950 126,009 144,449 136,155 138,582 146,024 118,765

International and regional orgs : 

International organizations..... 1 3 -4 17 150 209 231 23

Regional organizations 3 ........ 10 11 - 19 11 111 18 112 174

Total international and 

 regional organizations...... 11 14 - 23 28 261 227 343 197

Grand total ..................... 100,916 143,232 144,950 126,032 144,477 136,416 138,809 146,367 118,962

1

 Includes Bahrain, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and the United 

Arab Emirates (Trucial States). 

2

 Includes Algeria, Gabon, Libya, and Nigeria. 

3

 Includes European, Latin American, Caribbean, Asian, African, and Middle East regional 

organizations. 
CAPITAL MOVEMENTS 

March 2009 

70 

TABLE CM-III-4.—Total Liabilities to, and Claims on, Unaffiliated Foreigners, by Type and 

Country, September 30, 2008, Preliminary 

[Position at end of period in millions of dollars. Source: Treasury International Capital Reporting System] 

Liabilities Claims 

Country 

Total liabilities 

(1) 

Financial 

(2) 

Commercial

(3) 

Total claims 

(4) 

Financial

(5) 

Commercial

(6) 

 

Europe: 

Austria ........................................... 78 29 49 2,452 2,409 43 

Belgium ........................................ 872 581 291 3,034 2,836 198 

Bulgaria ......................................... 4 - 4 6 - 6 

Czech Republic............................. 34 1 33 93 5 88 

Denmark........................................ 164 8 156 159 73 86 

Finland........................................... 192 17 175 415 179 236 

France ........................................... 2,637 590 2,047 3,282 1,069 2,213 

Germany........................................ 3,056 1,739 1,317 5,195 2,862 2,333 

Greece........................................... 300 29 271 242 129 113 

Hungary......................................... 24 8 16 107 59 48 

Ireland ........................................... 1,265 141 1,124 2,790 2,268 522 

Italy................................................ 1,377 15 1,362 1,572 176 1,396 

Luxembourg ................................. 366 120 246 469 416 53 

Netherlands................................... 968 238 730 2,739 2,343 396 

Norway .......................................... 474 62 412 309 184 125 

Poland ........................................... 350 1 349 165 44 121 

Portugal......................................... 37 5 32 82 1 81 

Romania........................................ 57 - 57 57 13 44 

Russia .......................................... 523 88 435 711 373 338 

Serbia and Montenegro 

(formerly Yugoslavia) ............... 1 - 1 13 - 13 

Spain ............................................. 771 78 693 2,074 1,506 568 

Sweden ......................................... 264 6 258 497 263 234 

Switzerland.................................... 2,983 112 2,871 1,592 756 836 

Turkey ........................................... 675 25 650 587 418 169 

United Kingdom............................. 17,540 13,845 3,695 19,174 14,375 4,799 

Channel Islands and 

Isle of Man ................................ 120 119 1 91 86 5 

Other Europe................................. 622 52 570 2,159 1,835 324 

Total Europe.............................. 35,754 17,909 17,845 50,066 34,678 15,388 

Canada.............................................. 7,241 1,311 5,930 15,376 10,992 4,384 

Latin America: 

Argentina....................................... 111 10 101 473 39 434 

Brazil ............................................. 1,107 37 1,070 2,632 1,508 1,124 

Chile .............................................. 435 14 421 628 105 523 

Colombia ....................................... 391 - 391 548 60 488 

Ecuador......................................... 142 2 140 245 14 231 

Guatemala..................................... 10 - 10 181 44 137 

Mexico........................................... 2,631 77 2,554 3,975 1,267 2,708 

Panama......................................... 104 15 89 439 254 185 

Peru............................................... 57 - 57 327 52 275 

Uruguay......................................... 13 - 13 109 1 108 

Venezuela ..................................... 1,338 13 1,325 591 177 414 

Other Latin America ..................... 50 1 49 444 121 323 

Total Latin America ....................... 6,389 169 6,220 10,592 3,642 6,950 

Caribbean: 

Bahamas ....................................... 108 - 108 353 296 57 

Bermuda............................................. 728 65 663 1,851 710 1,141 

Cayman Islands .............................. 14,490 13,743 747 15,093 14,633 460 

Cuba.............................................. - - - - - - 

Jamaica......................................... 35 6 29 86 6 80 

Netherlands Antilles ...................... 4 - 4 62 - 62 

Trinidad and Tobago..................... 72 3 69 92 48 44 

Other Caribbean ........................... 778 110 668 1,260 436 824 

Total Caribbean......................... 16,215 13,927 2,288 18,797 16,129 2,668 

 

See footnotes at end of table. 
CAPITAL MOVEMENTS 

March 2009 

71

TABLE CM-III-4.—Total Liabilities to, and Claims on, Unaffiliated Foreigners, by Type and 

Country, September 30, 2008, Preliminary, con. 

[Position at end of period in millions of dollars. Source: Treasury International Capital Reporting System] 

Liabilities Claims 

Country 

Total liabilities 

(1) 

Financial 

(2) 

Commercial 

(3) 

Total claims 

(4) 

Financial 

(5) 

Commercial

(6) 

Asia: 

China, Mainland ............................ 5,374 90 5,284 2,110 625 1,485 

Hong Kong .................................... 971 261 710 1,141 304 837 

India............................................... 1,261 57 1,204 885 231 654 

Indonesia....................................... 414 16 398 330 220 110 

Israel.............................................. 310 22 288 579 38 541 

Japan............................................. 7,528 1,640 5,888 5,231 1,097 4,134 

Korea, South ................................. 1,508 184 1,324 1,223 400 823 

Lebanon ........................................ 11 2 9 34 2 32 

Malaysia ........................................ 348 3 345 263 54 209 

Pakistan......................................... 71 3 68 48 - 48 

Philippines..................................... 116 5 111 80 9 71 

Singapore...................................... 4,482 155 4,327 2,215 157 2,058 

Syria .............................................. 2 - 2 - - - 

Taiwan........................................... 797 6 791 1,088 28 1,060 

Thailand......................................... 383 6 377 372 237 135 

Other Asia ..................................... 304 40 264 193 35 158 

Total Asia .................................... 33,950 2,578 31,372 18,585 3,616 14,969 

Africa: 

Congo (formerly Zaire).................. - - - 5 5 - 

Egypt ............................................. 143 - 143 265 8 257 

Ghana............................................ 2 1 1 3 1 2 

Liberia............................................ 85 61 24 53 49 4 

Morocco......................................... 120 - 120 21 9 12 

South Africa................................... 68 14 54 311 176 135 

Other Africa ................................... 529 23 506 708 215 493 

Total Africa ................................ 1,690 103 1,587 1,745 529 1,216 

Other countries: 

Australia ........................................ 1,648 57 1,591 3,430 2,884 546 

New Zealand ................................ 78 2 76 157 95 62 

All other ......................................... 33 2 31 17 2 15 

Total other countries ................. 1,759 61 1,698 3,604 2,981 623 

Total foreign countries .......... 102,998 36,058 66,940 118,765 72,567 46,198 

International and regional orgs: 

International organizations............ - - - 23 5 18 

Regional organizations 1 ............... 46 - 46 174 - 174 

Total international and 

 regional organizations............. 46 - 46 197 5 192 

Grand total ............................ 103,044 36,058 66,986 118,962 72,572 46,390 

1

 Includes European, Latin American, Caribbean, Asian, African, and Middle East 

regional organizations. 
CAPITAL MOVEMENTS 

March 2009 

72

SECTION IV.—U.S. International Transactions in Long-Term Securities 

TABLE CM-IV-1.—U.S. Transactions with Foreigners in Long-Term Domestic Securities by Type 

[In millions of dollars; negative figures indicate net sales by foreigners to U.S. residents or a net outflow of capital from the United States. 

Source: Treasury International Capital Reporting System] 

Marketable Treasury bonds and notes 

Net foreign purchases 

Foreign countries 

U.S. Government corporations and 

federally-sponsored agencies

Calendar 

year or month

 Total 

 (1) 

Official 

institutions 

(2) 

Other 

foreigners 

(3) 

International

and regional

(4) 

 Gross 

 foreign 

purchases 

 (5)

Gross 

foreign 

sales 

(6)

Net foreign 

purchases 

(7) 

 Gross foreign

 purchases 

 (8) 

Gross foreign

sales 

(9) 

2004 ......................................... 352,079 201,140 150,220 719 8,936,045 8,583,966 226,401 1,209,381 982,980 

2005 ......................................... 338,112 68,689 266,471 2,952 10,051,248 9,713,136 219,256 1,097,458 878,202 

2006 ......................................... 195,536 69,639 125,075 822 10,957,936 10,762,400 286,464 1,572,160 1,285,696 

2007 r ....................................... 197,967 2,994 196,021 -1,048 15,127,526 14,929,559 218,979 2,050,451 1,831,472 

2008 - Jan. - Dec. p.................. 316,020 76,619 239,845 -444 14,627,532 14,311,512 -37,764 2,588,900 2,626,664 

 

2007 - Dec. r ............................ 423 10,980 -10,832 275 1,000,665 1,000,242 -7,259 227,714 234,973 

2008 - Jan. r ............................. 36,763 36,101 709 -47 1,487,597 1,450,834 15,722 258,286 242,564 

Feb. r............................ 12,240 -3,594 15,725 109 1,485,680 1,473,440 33,566 279,910 246,344 

Mar. r ............................ 51,003 28,011 22,833 159 1,459,154 1,408,151 16,134 332,852 316,718 

Apr. r............................. 76,592 22,298 54,280 14 1,202,021 1,125,429 12,190 259,359 247,169 

May r ............................ 1,790 -3,724 5,567 -53 1,156,223 1,154,433 25,506 255,882 230,376 

June r ........................... 28,011 1,105 26,572 334 1,375,650 1,347,639 29,358 227,298 197,940 

July r............................. 34,012 10,068 24,312 -368 1,274,643 1,240,631 -42,066 173,505 215,571 

Aug............................... 32,837 4,848 28,192 -203 1,022,035 989,198 -24,189 155,794 179,983 

Sept.............................. 20,737 4,944 15,517 276 1,628,400 1,607,663 6,171 190,743 184,572 

Oct................................ 32,873 -1,084 34,477 -520 1,179,175 1,146,302 -50,217 201,845 252,062 

Nov. p........................... -25,813 -26,205 -167 559 689,317 715,130 -22,493 140,987 163,480 

Dec. p........................... 14,975 3,851 11,828 -704 667,637 652,662 -37,446 112,439 149,885 

Corporate and other securities 

Bonds * Stocks 

Calendar 

year or month 

Net foreign 

purchases 

(10) 

Gross foreign 

 purchases 

 (11) 

Gross foreign 

sales 

(12) 

Net foreign 

purchases 

(13) 

Gross foreign 

purchases 

(14) 

 Gross foreign

 sales 

 (15) 

 

2004 .............................................................................. 309,500 1,171,415 861,915 28,476 3,862,043 3,833,567 

2005 .............................................................................. 372,222 1,277,006 904,784 81,950 4,731,749 4,649,799 

2006 .............................................................................. 510,806 1,678,464 1,167,658 150,415 6,868,571 6,718,156 

2007 .............................................................................. 393,355 1,913,307 1,519,952 195,522 10,639,316 10,443,794 

2008 - Jan. - Dec. p....................................................... 93,528 1,467,059 1,373,531 40,751 11,990,636 11,949,885 

 

2007 - Dec..................................................................... 37,299 140,595 103,296 33,461 944,625 911,164 

2008 - Jan. r.................................................................. 3,394 125,084 121,690 17,872 1,261,143 1,243,271

Feb. r................................................................. 19,267 138,092 118,825 2,052 1,009,448 1,007,396 

Mar .................................................................... -4,691 140,391 145,082 11,376 1,134,086 1,122,710 

Apr..................................................................... 25,003 164,754 139,751 -11,569 958,436 970,005 

May.................................................................... 59,842 189,665 129,823 15,980 997,461 981,481 

June................................................................... 4,685 124,990 120,305 -1,817 1,066,125 1,067,942 

July .................................................................... -4,138 97,810 101,948 -5,778 1,273,558 1,279,336 

Aug.................................................................... -13,130 80,587 93,717 -982 905,531 906,513 

Sept................................................................... -8,438 93,860 102,298 11,519 1,168,913 1,157,394 

Oct..................................................................... -13,063 91,137 104,200 -6,205 1,019,917 1,026,122 

Nov. p................................................................ -16,205 81,421 97,626 4,437 634,878 630,441 

Dec. p................................................................ 41,002 139,268 98,266 3,866 561,140 557,274 

 

 

* Data include transactions in directly placed issues abroad by U.S. corporations and issues of 

States and municipalities. 
 CAPITAL MOVEMENTS 

March 2009 

73

TABLE CM-IV-2.—U.S. Transactions with Foreigners in Long-Term Foreign Securities by Type 

[In millions of dollars; negative figures indicate net sales by foreigners to U.S. residents or a net outflow of capital from the United States. 

Source: Treasury International Capital Reporting System] 

Foreign bonds Foreign stocks 

Calendar 

year or month 

Net foreign purchases of foreign securities 

from U.S. 

(1) 

Net foreign 

purchases from

U.S. 

(2) 

Gross foreign 

purchases from

U.S. 

(3) 

Gross foreign 

sales to U.S. 

(4) 

Net foreign 

purchases from 

U.S. 

(5) 

Gross foreign

purchases from

U.S. 

(6) 

Gross foreign 

sales to U.S. 

(7) 

 

2004 ..................................................... -152,842 -67,872 1,459,043 1,526,915 -84,970 1,664,076 1,749,046 

2005 ..................................................... -172,391 -45,095 1,459,882 1,504,977 -127,296 2,240,104 2,367,400 

2006 ..................................................... -250,907 -144,452 1,879,713 2,024,165 -106,455 3,636,185 3,742,640 

2007 r ................................................... -229,223 -133,923 2,971,803 3,105,726 -95,300 5,215,764 5,311,064 

2008 - Jan. - Dec. p.............................. 102,050 81,980 2,263,622 2,181,642 20,070 5,431,013 5,410,943 

 

2007 - Dec. r ........................................ -15,729 -15,726 168,636 184,362 -3 430,970 430,973 

2008 - Jan. r......................................... -21,542 -19,261 247,486 266,747 -2,281 523,407 525,688 

Feb. r........................................ -14,326 3,954 241,387 237,433 -18,280 442,265 460,545 

Mar. r ........................................ -2,545 377 264,947 264,570 -2,922 487,580 490,502 

Apr. r......................................... 9,367 9,612 193,225 183,613 -245 505,496 505,741 

May r ........................................ -28,806 -10,700 182,056 192,756 -18,106 494,660 512,766 

June r ....................................... -11,121 -12,683 188,259 200,942 1,562 499,993 498,431 

July r......................................... 32,356 15,462 158,503 143,041 16,894 560,901 544,007 

Aug ........................................... 20,217 17,366 157,238 139,872 2,851 428,218 425,367 

Sept.......................................... 35,332 37,810 227,068 189,258 -2,478 482,944 485,422 

Oct............................................ 36,259 14,570 177,287 162,717 21,689 468,014 446,325 

Nov. p....................................... 34,483 13,176 122,939 109,763 21,307 288,699 267,392 

Dec. p....................................... 12,376 12,297 103,227 90,930 79 248,836 248,757 

 
CAPITAL MOVEMENTS 

March 2009 

74

TABLE CM-IV-3.—Net Foreign Transactions in Long-Term Domestic Securities 

by Type and Country 

[In millions of dollars; negative figures indicate net sales by foreigners to U.S. residents or a net outflow of capital from the United States. 

Source: Treasury International Capital Reporting System] 

Marketable Treasury 

bonds and notes 

U.S. Government corporations 

and Federal agency bonds Corporate bonds Corporate stocks 

2008 2008 2008 2008 

Country 

 Calendar 

 year 

 2007 r 

 (1) 

 Jan. 

through 

Dec. 

(2) 

 Oct. 

 through 

 Dec. p 

 (3) 

Calendar

year 

2007 r 

(4) 

 Jan.

 through

Dec. 

 (5) 

 Oct. 

 through

 Dec. p

 (6) 

 Calendar 

 year 

 2007 

 (7) 

 Jan.

 through

Dec.

 (8) 

Oct. 

 through 

 Dec. p 

 (9) 

Calendar 

year 

2007 r 

(10) 

Jan. 

through

Dec. 

(11) 

Oct. 

through

Dec. p 

(12) 

Europe: 

Austria............................. 97 -1,054 -36 -339 -282 -102 -644 -344 -45 -102 419 91

Belgium........................... -3,100 -1,941 -412 -1,808 -1,601 -341 -7,413 -11,149 -3,184 -1,168 -1,042 -11

Bulgaria........................... -28 8 1 -30 -5 - 12 -13 - 1 -7 -1

Cyprus 1 .......................... -4 64 5 -9 -24 -3 167 33 4 175 137 35

Czech Republic............... 81 -288 12 -426 -900 -3 89 -71 -20 41 174 12

Denmark ......................... 912 349 -277 -268 -1,883 -78 1,496 -513 -302 1,378 392 -822

Finland............................ 2 361 80 69 -36 -18 56 -84 -47 251 -36 -67

France............................. -7,827 -15,360 -2,121 4,285 2,760 -2,324 4,261 -1,991 953 19,521 -7,189 -1,896

Germany ......................... -3,452 722 427 219 -3,389 156 5,419 4,953 -903 600 -19,341 -2,270

Greece............................ -566 181 113 -9 103 4 7 56 1 88 -493 -233

Hungary .......................... -42 -237 58 -438 42 -30 -1,555 -133 8 113 163 19

Ireland............................. 1,694 -4,251 7,376 1,080 -3,400 -3,249 8,658 -15,326 -6,911 28 838 236

Italy ................................. -1,472 756 3,206 -96 -1,245 -201 -121 157 125 -4,289 -1,835 -277

Kazakhstan 1................... 857 1,644 94 -594 -337 15 -38 -23 -83 -32 17 16

Luxembourg.................... -694 -7,093 -1,372 -11,386 -26,743 -1,063 -14,650 -9,453 -2,647 -7,143 -7,658 -1,662

Monaco 1......................... -302 -102 83 37 94 108 18 166 87 -1,440 -77 -17

Netherlands .................... 1,471 -4,790 -1,130 -631 -1,069 -55 -652 -364 762 6,887 -1,469 -2,193

Norway............................ -27,339 32,812 5,178 8,221 -6,496 -4,376 4,747 -1,559 -1,488 6,120 7,486 1,540

Poland............................. -111 5,857 592 -202 1,091 -69 7 -14 -9 -176 -92 -

Portugal .......................... 1,293 1,091 -71 -477 55 -4 -261 48 46 148 145 40

Romania ......................... -353 -219 -473 466 -532 - 32 9 - -15 -4 -1

Russia............................. 7,215 11,193 -1,572 18,303 -3,582 -10,705 378 548 -12 104 48 -5

Serbia and Montenegro 2... 349 -96 -210 4 -9 - - -1 - -2 2 -

Spain............................... 2,509 -7,921 -2,335 -21 -946 3 -1,353 -1,020 10 430 -75 -57

Sweden........................... 2,176 -3,136 -1,080 -443 -3,224 -2,491 1,715 -519 -171 250 5,096 -2,644

Switzerland ..................... -2,617 1,159 2,490 -2,246 -1,949 -826 3,581 11,895 11,270 -2,977 5,404 2,206

Turkey............................. -803 -1,650 405 131 690 111 152 12 15 36 -7 9

Ukraine 1 ......................... -138 -1,658 -2,080 187 -591 -72 32 95 71 2 -35 1

United Kingdom .............. 208,578 188,559 15,672 59,585 78,127 -18,977 208,956 31,931 6,752 69,473 29,936 4,869

Channel Islands .............. -979 1,368 515 4,791 -1,561 -179 -6,717 -12,555 -859 877 574 -551

All other Europe 1 ............ -69 222 -177 -132 -806 -611 1,104 -609 -32 82 175 98

Total Europe ............... 177,338 196,551 22,961 77,823 22,352 -45,380 207,482 -5,838 3,391 89,259 11,646 -3,535

Memo: Euro Area 3.............. -10,045 -39,181 3,710 -9,114 -35,843 -7,197 -6,694 -34,621 -11,843 15,249 -37,465 -8,271

Memo: European Union 4 .... 200,853 151,662 17,856 49,189 35,954 -29,470 204,111 -4,015 -5,608 86,576 -1,749 -6,815

Canada ............................... -1,945 -5,908 -8,411 2,968 5,434 -629 12,274 7,194 2,347 8,086 7,383 693

Latin America: 

Argentina ........................ 195 -163 -251 -26 -223 -2 84 422 53 612 373 -128

Brazil............................... 77,066 -10,225 -20,923 1,160 470 325 780 742 419 -1,768 1,438 297

Chile ............................... 4,202 4,706 519 630 -1,015 -165 317 121 -30 1,147 808 -104

Colombia......................... 833 1,356 2,174 1,375 1,731 110 783 368 51 320 -8 51

Ecuador .......................... 203 204 127 132 269 281 281 5 -34 -36 2 -11

Costa Rica 5 .................... -2 11 -9 -21 -219 -16 261 -349 -129 29 113 57

Guatemala ...................... -75 -348 -176 -21 -7 -2 -20 18 2 18 6 -3

Mexico ............................ 1,454 -7,057 -4,812 1,705 5,024 43 1,860 1,742 1,522 148 507 -942

Panama .......................... -132 140 27 -275 277 13 154 403 104 -279 418 -51

Peru ................................ 1,560 3,566 345 1,100 527 192 633 369 200 189 -24 98

Uruguay .......................... 423 739 284 55 -98 104 230 390 61 337 210 -98

Venezuela....................... -197 -407 -84 151 -2 -148 -298 -20 -21 56 257 16

All other Latin America 5 ... 330 -751 27 378 12 -288 32 31 -37 7 40 13

Total Latin America..... 85,860 -8,229 -22,752 6,343 6,746 447 5,097 4,242 2,161 780 4,140 -805

See footnotes at end of table. 
 CAPITAL MOVEMENTS 

March 2009 

75

TABLE CM-IV-3.—Net Foreign Transactions in Long-Term Domestic Securities 

by Type and Country, con. 

[In millions of dollars; negative figures indicate net sales by foreigners to U.S. residents or a net outflow of capital from the United States. 

Source: Treasury International Capital Reporting System] 

Marketable Treasury 

bonds and notes 

U.S. Government corporations 

and Federal agency bonds Corporate bonds Corporate stocks 

2008 2008 2008 2008 

Country 

Calendar 

year 

2007 r 

(1) 

 Jan. 

through 

Dec. 

(2) 

 Oct. 

 through

 Dec. p 

 (3) 

Calendar

year 

2007 r 

(4) 

 Jan.

through

Dec. 

(5) 

 Oct. 

 through

 Dec. p 

 (6) 

Calendar 

year 

2007 

(7) 

 Jan.

 through

Dec. 

 (8) 

Oct. 

 through 

 Dec. p 

 (9) 

Calendar 

year 

2007 r 

(10) 

 Jan. 

through 

Dec. 

(11) 

Oct. 

 through

Dec. p 

 (12) 

Caribbean: 

Anguilla 6 ................................... 640 -805 -651 -112 -211 -774 -1,565 -269 27 4,087 -2,229 -1,907

Bahamas ................................... 9,429 -12,705 -1,249 555 2,146 895 1,463 183 215 -136 -1,849 -1,254

Barbados 6 ................................. 622 -19 23 3,054 354 269 388 196 124 73 110 -66

Bermuda .................................... -4,338 9,193 7,749 -26,028 -37,961 -286 8,257 -394 -582 5,432 -1,155 -2,771

British Virgin Islands 6 ................ 2,652 2,310 2,492 -202 582 -1,000 695 -6,320 -4,166 1,570 -4,550 -1,751

Cayman Islands......................... -2,786 34,450 2,146 12,730 -51,387 -35,419 31,912 29,018 6,640 40,191 -29,153 -7,560

Cuba.......................................... - - -- - - - - - - - -

Jamaica ..................................... 3 -11 44 34 -232 -50 17 22 18 45 20 5

Netherlands Antilles................... -3,738 -4,682 1,637 78 593 384 410 28 -45 -2,826 -4,678 955

Trinidad and Tobago.................. -372 111 32 188 198 63 -84 -6 -6 99 -24 15

All other Caribbean 6.................. 176 113 -30 834 -91 141 201 84 -68 54 55 24

Total Caribbean ..................... 2,288 27,955 12,193 -8,869 -86,009 -35,777 41,694 22,542 2,157 48,589 -43,453 -14,310

Asia: 

China, Mainland......................... -7,968 84,743 4,233 73,170 16,738 -10,418 41,675 29,598 3,179 3,993 -706 268

Hong Kong................................. 2,045 6,242 -3,072 30,604 24,541 1,375 12,780 7,006 1,699 35,434 27,462 3,005

India........................................... 1,076 2,048 1,322 184 -326 -350 17 97 2 -460 1,344 -14

Indonesia................................... 4,513 -5,875 -3,133 -658 146 16 441 19 1 -68 -27 -21

Israel.......................................... -2,739 -2,112 1,489 182 -252 -153 75 587 475 -287 961 191

Japan......................................... -48,684 6,077 5,617 13,789 6,107 -8,767 39,565 22,256 -1,122 -4,973 21,382 12,691

Korea, South.............................. -17,924 -11,171 -8,908 12,042 -16,239 -10,588 11,277 630 -1,890 112 2,752 39

Lebanon..................................... -1 -26 -1 -1 -3 - 109 -3 1 76 63 -11

Malaysia .................................... 382 -944 -1,008 3,068 2,141 -827 2,052 308 -1 342 29 138

Pakistan..................................... -171 19 -14 -94 -1,264 -16 -14 -72 -3 -4 -5 -1

Philippines ................................. 3,054 -2,118 -715 185 14 16 176 83 -36 30 -5 -33

Singapore .................................. 2,454 -7,036 1,689 -590 -1,855 -625 6,868 -1,077 -1,015 -2,539 4,717 5,513

Syria .......................................... - - - - - - - - - -3 5 -

Taiwan....................................... -8,319 5,829 8,542 -1,040 2,524 4,260 1,176 1,650 202 94 12 -315

Thailand..................................... 842 -2,869 726 544 264 54 48 160 -37 -39 -13 -15

Oil exporting countries 7 ............. 1,795 24,923 11,360 8,221 -14,468 -1,049 3,803 3,497 -1,128 12,240 7,277 70

All other Asia.............................. 372 1,170 -537 178 -112 -284 -58 -103 -8 26 60 27

Total Asia .............................. -69,273 98,900 17,590 139,784 17,956 -27,356 119,990 64,636 319 43,974 65,308 21,532

Africa: 

Egypt ......................................... 1,042 1,093 -453 72 -1,702 -55 -3 -22 -4 -34 5 1

Liberia........................................ -59 -86 9 19 23 -1 -18 -318 -37 -44 -2,587 -107

Morocco..................................... -79 -269 -2 -401 -2,289 -660 - 1 - -16 -4 -2

South Africa ............................... 801 -2,294 -813 -40 -109 -95 -50 -66 -9 12 333 26

Oil exporting countries 8 ............. 4,568 11,416 3,731 -74 654 266 -35 152 153 -302 -2,626 -27

All other Africa ........................... -146 449 122 21 -92 -15 -63 67 -1 84 237 144

Total Africa ............................ 6,127 10,309 2,594 -403 -3,515 -560 -169 -186 102 -300 -4,642 35

Other countries: 

Australia..................................... -1,351 -2,993 -1,588 1,100 -56 -437 5,030 319 480 4,826 340 -1,382

New Zealand.............................. 1 -153 103 -151 315 22 695 3 28 300 -19 -102

All other countries ...................... -30 32 10 5 16 -20 15 2 2 47 19 -27

Total other countries.............. -1,380 -3,114 -1,475 954 275 -435 5,740 324 510 5,173 340 -1,511

Total foreign countries ....... 199,015 316,464 22,700 218,600 -36,761 -109,690 392,108 92,914 10,987 195,561 40,722 2,099

International and regional orgs: 

International organizations......... -358 -191 -486 83 -141 -156 1,637 613 419 -3 17 -

Regional organizations 9 ............ -690 -253 -179 296 -862 -310 -390 1 328 -37 12 -1

Total international and 

 regional organizations.............. -1,048 -444 -665 379 -1,003 -466 1,247 614 747 -40 29 -1

Grand total......................... 197,967 316,020 22,035 218,979 -37,764 -110,156 393,355 93,528 11,734 195,521 40,751 2,098

1

 Before June 2006, data for Cyprus, Kazakhstan, Monaco, and Ukraine are included in “All 

other Europe.” 

2

 On February 4, 2003, Yugoslavia changed its name to Serbia and Montenegro. Data 

for other entities of the former Yugoslavia recognized as independent states by the United 

States are reported under “All other Europe” as follows: Beginning in December 1992 for 

Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, and Slovenia; and beginning in December 1994 for the 

former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia. 

3

 Includes Austria, Belgium, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, 

the Netherlands, Portugal, and Spain. For data as of January 2008, also includes Cyprus, 

Malta, and Slovenia. 

4

 As of May 2004, the European Union includes Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, the Czech 

Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, 

Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, 

Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, and the United Kingdom. Data available beginning June 2006. As 

of January 2007, also includes Bulgaria and Romania. 

5

 Before June 2006, data for Costa Rica are included in “All other Latin America.” 

6

 Before June 2006, data for Anguilla, Barbados, and the British Virgin Islands are included 

in “All other Caribbean.” 

7

 Includes Bahrain, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and United Arab 

Emirates (Trucial States). 

8

 Includes Algeria, Gabon, Libya, and Nigeria. 

9

 Includes European, Latin American, Caribbean, Asian, African, and Middle East regional 

organizations. 
CAPITAL MOVEMENTS 

March 2009 

76

TABLE CM-IV-4.—U.S. Transactions with Foreigners in Long-Term Domestic 

and Foreign Securities, by Type and Country, During Fourth Quarter 2008, Preliminary 

[In millions of dollars. Source: Treasury International Capital Reporting System] 

Gross purchases by foreigners from U.S. residents Gross sales by foreigners to U.S. residents 

Domestic securities Domestic securities 

Corporate and 

other Foreign securities 

Corporate and 

 other Foreign securities 

Country 

Total 

 purchases 

 (1) 

 Marketable 

Treasury 

 and 

 Federal 

 Financing 

Bank bonds 

 and notes 

 (2) 

Bonds 

 of U.S. 

 Gov’t 

 corps and 

federally- 

 sponsored

agencies 

 (3) 

 Bonds

 (4) 

 Stocks

 (5) 

 Bonds

 (6) 

 Stocks

 (7) 

Total

 sales

 (8) 

 Marketable

Treasury 

 and 

 Federal 

 Financing 

Bank bonds

 and notes

 (9) 

Bonds 

of U.S. 

Gov’t 

corps and 

federallysponsored 

agencies 

(10) 

Bonds 

 (11) 

Stocks

 (12) 

 Bonds

 (13) 

Stocks

 (14) 

Europe: 

Austria..................................... 3,738 1,101 254 117 1,032 378 856 3,501 1,137 356 162 941 212 693

Belgium................................... 19,764 2,520 264 477 4,108 2,713 9,683 31,924 2,932 604 3,661 4,119 8,869 11,739

Bulgaria................................... 9 5 - - 4-- 9 4 - - 5 - -

Cyprus 1 .................................. 1,024 10 13 5 201 175 620 901 5 16 1 166 78 635

Czech Republic....................... 847 501 - 1 189 50 106 824 489 3 21 177 9 125

Denmark ................................. 5,986 597 437 251 1,590 1,476 1,635 6,167 874 515 553 2,412 517 1,296

Finland.................................... 2,362 581 56 45 347 143 1,190 2,192 501 74 92 414 192 919

France..................................... 964,619 369,916 6,053 5,266 514,176 30,655 38,553 962,848 372,037 8,376 4,313 516,072 26,353 35,697

Germany ................................. 75,395 24,987 6,033 2,216 16,774 12,851 12,534 73,984 24,560 5,877 3,119 19,044 9,241 12,142

Greece.................................... 1,617 574 21 11 555 22 434 1,572 461 18 10 788 33 262

Hungary .................................. 551 70 - 15 340 57 69 516 12 30 7 321 70 76

Ireland..................................... 60,039 20,480 14,859 2,297 8,009 8,303 6,091 60,371 13,105 18,108 9,208 7,773 6,491 5,686

Italy ......................................... 19,751 7,346 371 302 5,527 1,128 5,076 16,617 4,140 572 177 5,804 700 5,223

Kazakhstan 1........................... 1,346 854 17 - 28 412 35 1,470 760 2 83 12 591 22

Luxembourg............................ 26,195 2,520 5,373 1,272 7,952 5,830 3,248 40,964 3,892 6,436 3,919 9,614 13,011 4,091

Monaco 1................................. 1,223 146 109 93 708 30 137 884 63 1 6 725 6 83

Netherlands............................. 55,977 4,620 3,980 2,103 21,436 5,969 17,869 56,078 5,750 4,035 1,341 23,629 3,464 17,860

Norway.................................... 51,892 26,166 12,222 688 7,560 2,742 2,514 49,994 20,988 16,598 2,176 6,020 1,707 2,505

Poland..................................... 4,217 3,424 450 - 56 94 193 3,863 2,832 519 9 56 233 214

Portugal .................................. 1,926 175 15 68 866 580 222 1,521 246 19 22 826 222 185

Romania ................................. 858 762 - - 64 27 5 1,302 1,235 - - 65 2 -

Russia..................................... 7,460 6,438 - 105 409 32 476 19,749 8,010 10,705 117 414 195 308

Serbia and Montenegro 2 ........ 79 60 - - 17 - 2 288 270 - - 17 - 1

Spain....................................... 19,686 5,625 109 149 1,515 4,927 7,362 16,122 7,960 106 139 1,572 247 6,098

Sweden................................... 58,361 1,434 304 66 24,205 4,005 28,347 54,772 2,514 2,795 237 26,849 2,464 19,913

Switzerland ............................. 68,888 9,787 1,364 15,716 28,292 1,763 11,966 55,024 7,297 2,190 4,446 26,086 2,642 12,363

Turkey..................................... 4,170 2,364 112 15 103 1,132 444 2,206 1,959 1 - 94 12 140

Ukraine 1 ................................. 1,240 634 - 75 58 470 3 3,087 2,714 72 4 57 238 2

United Kingdom ...................... 2,112,831 1,062,355 97,593 169,537 310,825 150,526 321,995 2,075,414 1,046,683 116,570 162,785 305,956 135,312 308,108

Channel Islands ...................... 32,235 19,528 72 349 7,438 2,250 2,598 33,019 19,013 251 1,208 7,989 1,834 2,724

All other Europe 1 .................... 3,181 1,055 350 189 1,004 273 309 4,268 1,232 961 221 906 110 837

Total Europe ....................... 3,607,466 1,576,635 150,431 201,428 965,388 239,013 474,571 3,581,450 1,553,674 195,811 198,037 968,923 215,057 449,948

Memo: Euro Area 3...................... 1,252,630 440,462 37,401 14,392 582,840 73,675 103,860 1,269,223 436,752 44,598 26,235 591,111 69,144 101,383

Canada ....................................... 292,861 76,015 15,356 8,365 77,950 49,455 65,720 292,258 84,426 15,985 6,018 77,257 46,126 62,446

Latin America: 

Argentina ................................ 3,792 223 52 139 1,201 1,328 849 3,138 474 54 86 1,329 301 894

Brazil....................................... 43,077 27,333 411 491 3,640 4,701 6,501 60,167 48,256 86 72 3,343 2,159 6,251

Chile........................................ 12,460 6,078 899 516 3,206 803 958 12,341 5,559 1,064 546 3,310 601 1,261

Colombia................................. 9,794 6,227 1,035 244 459 1,537 292 6,458 4,053 925 193 408 589 290

Costa Rica 4 ............................ 1,883 1,183 289 31 157 159 64 1,660 1,056 8 65 168 102 261

Ecuador .................................. 788 275 26 6 142 197 142 733 284 42 135 85 71 116

Guatemala .............................. 290 190 - 3 66 26 5 450 366 2 1 69 6 6

Mexico .................................... 34,314 10,284 1,430 2,760 6,769 6,273 6,798 37,373 15,096 1,387 1,238 7,711 5,135 6,806

Panama .................................. 3,679 535 227 315 1,425 611 566 3,599 508 214 211 1,476 513 677

Peru ........................................ 3,230 937 533 224 838 464 234 2,313 592 341 24 740 268 348

Uruguay .................................. 4,663 2,320 166 175 670 918 414 4,219 2,036 62 114 768 821 418

Venezuela............................... 2,182 156 31 84 1,281 478 152 2,221 240 179 105 1,265 155 277

All other Latin America 4.......... 1,038 443 210 64 199 91 31 1,304 416 498 101 186 67 36

Total Latin America............. 121,190 56,184 5,309 5,052 20,053 17,586 17,006 135,976 78,936 4,862 2,891 20,858 10,788 17,641

Caribbean: 

Anguilla 5................................. 49,952 7,155 44 139 37,231 5 5,378 53,123 7,806 818 112 39,138 18 5,231

Bahamas................................. 98,315 42,450 2,161 2,729 30,852 6,401 13,722 100,107 43,699 1,266 2,514 32,106 6,765 13,757

Barbados 5 .............................. 3,578 633 2,094 171 448 117 115 3,239 610 1,825 47 514 81 162 

See footnotes at end of table. 
 CAPITAL MOVEMENTS 

March 2009 

77

TABLE CM-IV-4.—U.S. Transactions with Foreigners in Long-Term Domestic 

and Foreign Securities, by Type and Country, During Fourth Quarter 2008, Preliminary, con. 

[In millions of dollars. Source: Treasury International Capital Reporting System] 

Gross purchases by foreigners from U.S. residents Gross sales by foreigners to U.S. residents 

Domestic securities Domestic securities 

Corporate and 

other Foreign securities 

Corporate and 

other Foreign securities 

Country 

Total 

 purchases 

 (1) 

Marketable 

Treasury 

and 

Federal 

Financing 

Bank bonds 

and notes 

(2) 

Bonds 

 of U.S. 

 Gov’t 

corps and 

federally- 

 sponsored 

 agencies 

 (3) 

Bonds

 (4) 

Stocks 

 (5) 

 Bonds 

 (6) 

Stocks 

(7) 

Total 

 sales

(8) 

Marketable 

Treasury 

and 

Federal 

 Financing 

Bank bonds 

 and notes 

 (9) 

Bonds 

 of U.S. 

 Gov’t 

corps and 

 federallysponsored 

agencies 

(10) 

 Bonds

 (11)

 Stocks

 (12) 

Bonds

 (13) 

Stocks

 (14)

Caribbean, con. 

Bermuda ................................... 236,801 33,935 12,079 6,844 152,125 1,679 30,139 233,908 26,186 12,365 7,426 154,896 3,029 30,006

British Virgin Islands 5 ............... 130,036 14,273 393 4,959 80,704 5,236 24,471 134,403 11,781 1,393 9,125 82,455 4,749 24,900

Cayman Islands ........................ 1,608,795 373,828 194,547 61,452 766,196 34,499 178,273 1,641,856 371,682 229,966 54,812 773,756 27,634 184,006

Cuba ......................................... - - - - -- - - - -- - - -

Jamaica .................................... 1,716 1,428 91 18 29 128 22 1,625 1,384 141 - 24 62 14

Netherlands Antilles .................. 27,612 6,677 700 227 8,173 7,921 3,914 24,034 5,040 316 272 7,218 8,195 2,993

Trinidad and Tobago................. 1,041 182 307 38 96 223 195 855 150 244 44 81 111 225

All other Caribbean 5 ................. 1,426 228 388 44 638 57 71 1,372 258 247 112 614 64 77

Total Caribbean.................... 2,159,272 480,789 212,804 76,621 1,076,492 56,266 256,300 2,194,522 468,596 248,581 74,464 1,090,802 50,708 261,371

Asia: 

China, Mainland........................ 74,394 52,053 8,609 5,188 4,102 3,189 1,253 75,363 47,820 19,027 2,009 3,834 1,539 1,134

Hong Kong............................ 91,188 13,787 5,761 2,867 10,921 1,171 56,681 86,694 16,859 4,386 1,168 7,916 1,197 55,168

India...................................... 10,854 4,502 - 7 304 181 5,860 9,068 3,180 350 5 318 46 5,169

Indonesia .............................. 2,396 968 441 2 218 170 597 5,782 4,101 425 1 239 321 695

Israel..................................... 47,242 35,712 1,158 885 6,008 189 3,290 44,003 34,223 1,311 410 5,817 140 2,102

Japan.................................... 289,889 161,370 16,956 4,747 20,085 17,959 68,772 276,209 155,753 25,723 5,869 7,394 21,693 59,777

Korea, South......................... 21,072 7,371 3,721 617 912 1,306 7,145 42,028 16,279 14,309 2,507 873 2,432 5,628

Lebanon................................ 262 - - 8 207 2 45 253 1 - 7 218 1 26

Malaysia................................ 4,216 451 360 134 305 1,061 1,905 5,293 1,459 1,187 135 167 688 1,657

Pakistan................................ 99 - 7 10 68 1 13 129 14 23 13 69 3 7

Philippines ............................ 2,564 1,444 104 25 344 200 447 3,165 2,159 88 61 377 128 352

Singapore ............................. 54,669 11,724 12,808 1,329 12,779 1,903 14,126 44,635 10,035 13,433 2,344 7,266 1,498 10,059

Syria ..................................... 18 - - - 5 - 13 18 - - - 5 - 13

Taiwan .................................. 34,488 18,167 6,319 809 4,413 100 4,680 21,234 9,625 2,059 607 4,728 214 4,001

Thailand................................ 5,332 3,630 253 - 234 204 1,011 4,335 2,904 199 37 249 178 768

All other Asia......................... 38,075 18,847 7,761 596 6,836 2,527 1,508 28,471 8,024 9,094 1,732 6,739 1,346 1,536

Total Asia.......................... 676,758 330,026 64,258 17,224 67,741 30,163 167,346 646,680 312,436 91,614 16,905 46,209 31,424 148,092

Africa: 

Egypt .................................... 1,732 975 23 1 119 66 548 2,051 1,428 78 5 118 64 358

Liberia................................... 878 14 7 47 627 18 165 1,094 5 8 84 734 31 232

Morocco................................ 170 134 - - 16 - 20 834 136 660 - 18 4 16

South Africa .......................... 1,896 396 105 - 277 110 1,008 2,524 1,209 200 9 251 49 806

All other Africa ...................... 8,090 5,420 274 159 835 610 792 3,378 1,567 23 7 718 213 850

Total Africa ....................... 12,766 6,939 409 207 1,874 804 2,533 9,881 4,345 969 105 1,839 361 2,262

Other countries: 

Australia................................ 46,867 6,736 5,270 1,574 5,944 6,346 20,997 48,575 8,324 5,707 1,094 7,326 6,017 20,107

New Zealand......................... 1,651 125 505 56 341 381 243 2,705 22 483 28 443 1,449 280

All other ................................ 182 10 1 3 147 1 20 221 - 21 1 174 5 20

Total other countries ......... 48,700 6,871 5,776 1,633 6,432 6,728 21,260 51,501 8,346 6,211 1,123 7,943 7,471 20,407

Total foreign countries .. 6,919,013 2,533,459 454,343 310,530 2,215,930 400,015 1,004,736 6,912,268 2,510,759 564,033 299,543 2,213,831 361,935 962,167

International and regional orgs: 

International organizations.... 5,803 2,410 583 883 4 1,836 87 4,510 2,896 739 464 4 341 66

Regional organizations 6 ....... 3,347 260 345 413 1 1,602 726 2,556 439 655 85 2 1,134 241

Total international and 

 regional organizations.... 9,150 2,670 928 1,296 5 3,438 813 7,066 3,335 1,394 549 6 1,475 307

Grand total.................... 6,928,163 2,536,129 455,271 311,826 2,215,935 403,453 1,005,549 6,919,334 2,514,094 565,427 300,092 2,213,837 363,410 962,474

1

 Before June 2006, data for Cyprus, Kazakhstan, Monaco, and Ukraine are in “All other Europe.” 

2

 On February 4, 2003, Yugoslavia changed its name to Serbia and Montenegro. Data for other entities of 

the former Yugoslavia recognized as independent states by the United States are reported under “All 

other Europe” as follows: Beginning in December 1992 for Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, and 

Slovenia; and beginning in December 1994 for the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia. 

3

 Includes Austria, Belgium, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, the 

Netherlands, Portugal, and Spain. For data as of January 2008, also includes Cyprus, Malta, and 

Slovenia. 

4 Before June 2006, data for Costa Rica are included in “All other Latin America.” 

5 Before June 2006, data for Anguilla, Barbados, and the British Virgin Islands are included in ”All 

other Caribbean.” 

6

 Includes European, Latin American, Caribbean, Asian, African, and Middle East regional 

organizations. 
CAPITAL MOVEMENTS 

March 2009 

78

TABLE CM-IV-5.—U.S. Transactions with Foreigners in Long-Term Domestic 

and Foreign Securities, by Type and Country, During Calendar Year 2008 

[In millions of dollars. Source: Treasury International Capital Reporting System] 

Gross purchases by foreigners from U.S. residents Gross sales by foreigners to U.S. residents 

Domestic securities Domestic securities 

Corporate and 

other Foreign securities 

Corporate and 

other Foreign securities 

Country

 Total 

 purchases 

 (1) 

Markeable 

Treasury 

and 

Federal 

Financing 

Bank bonds 

and notes 

 (2) 

Bonds 

of U.S. 

Gov’t 

corps and 

federallysponsored 

agencies 

(3) 

 Bonds 

 (4) 

 Stocks

 (5) 

 Bonds

 (6) 

 Stocks

 (7) 

 Total 

 sales 

 (8) 

 Marketable

 Treasury

 and 

 Federal

 Financing 

Bank bonds

 and notes

 (9) 

Bonds 

of U.S. 

Gov’t 

corps and 

federallysponsored 

agencies 

(10) 

 Bonds

 (11) 

 Stocks

 (12) 

 Bonds

 (13) 

Stocks 

 (14) 

Europe: 

Austria............................... 23,639 8,218 1,149 754 5,693 2,765 5,060 23,101 9,273 1,431 1,098 5,274 1,177 4,848

Belgium............................. 71,504 8,659 1,391 3,647 16,480 8,392 32,935 121,652 10,600 2,992 14,796 17,522 43,320 32,423

Bulgaria............................. 68 42 - - 21 - 5 83 34 5 13 28 3 -

Cyprus 1 ........................... 7,425 176 47 82 1,201 1,031 4,888 6,616 112 71 49 1,064 567 4,752

Czech Republic................. 6,625 3,721 473 45 1,099 507 780 7,066 4,009 1,373 116 925 114 529

Denmark ........................... 48,276 6,817 4,186 1,766 17,928 8,421 9,158 45,060 6,468 6,069 2,279 17,536 3,367 9,341

Finland .............................. 12,059 3,227 1,065 128 1,282 1,256 5,101 10,559 2,866 1,100 212 1,318 454 4,608

France............................... 4,633,835 2,148,440 39,769 20,083 2,196,755 93,710 135,078 4,629,041 2,163,800 37,009 22,074 2,203,944 67,509 134,704

Germany ........................... 430,334 110,846 25,390 22,300 153,170 62,586 56,042 431,517 110,124 28,779 17,347 172,511 50,595 52,160

Greece .............................. 11,207 1,715 156 98 2,167 4,719 2,353 6,563 1,533 52 42 2,660 160 2,115

Hungary ............................ 3,061 495 152 88 1,166 718 442 3,255 732 110 221 1,003 730 459

Ireland............................... 783,943 336,159 54,208 20,830 45,848 296,846 30,052 806,485 340,410 57,608 36,156 45,010 294,434 32,866

Italy ................................... 78,234 13,596 2,275 1,165 28,848 11,554 20,796 72,440 12,840 3,520 1,008 30,683 2,642 21,747

Kazakhstan 1 .................... 11,446 8,666 533 114 95 1,839 199 9,829 7,022 870 137 78 1,621 101

Luxembourg ...................... 150,568 12,109 36,286 16,404 41,946 18,021 25,802 245,892 19,201 63,029 25,857 49,604 61,317 26,883

Monaco 1 ......................... 5,390 251 113 228 3,788 322 688 5,142 353 19 62 3,865 236 607

Netherlands....................... 307,427 44,308 17,183 7,424 120,721 26,024 91,768 311,147 49,097 18,252 7,788 122,190 21,564 92,256

Norway.............................. 241,206 108,014 57,614 11,392 39,934 9,599 14,653 210,031 75,202 64,110 12,951 32,448 11,850 13,470

Poland............................... 23,617 19,362 2,374 8 215 852 806 16,728 13,505 1,283 22 307 499 1,112

Portugal............................. 9,577 2,455 182 161 3,793 1,784 1,202 8,102 1,364 127 113 3,648 1,512 1,338

Romania............................ 4,387 3,922 3 9 344 96 13 5,052 4,141 535 - 348 23 5

Russia............................... 61,870 41,882 10,953 676 1,660 1,230 5,469 51,600 30,689 14,535 128 1,612 400 4,236

Serbia and Montenegro 2 .. 751 497 - - 227 - 27 894 593 9 1 225 20 46

Spain................................. 91,473 20,503 674 7,727 7,021 28,692 26,856 71,224 28,424 1,621 8,747 7,096 1,114 24,222

Sweden............................. 235,668 10,039 14,121 2,201 85,907 19,176 104,224 217,923 13,175 17,345 2,720 80,811 13,320 90,552

Switzerland ....................... 260,757 38,371 6,951 29,065 113,501 9,189 63,680 246,148 37,212 8,900 17,170 108,097 11,605 63,164

Turkey............................... 24,843 15,581 699 44 870 5,903 1,746 21,874 17,231 9 32 877 2,078 1,647

Ukraine 1 .......................... 5,341 3,780 150 132 172 1,092 15 7,016 5,438 741 37 207 464 129

United Kingdom................. 12,562,494 6,981,672 505,757 660,255 1,850,548 809,427 1,754,835 12,232,042 6,793,113 427,630 628,324 1,820,612 805,460 1,756,903

Channel Islands ................ 93,123 38,351 632 4,088 28,851 6,117 15,084 103,294 36,983 2,193 16,643 28,277 3,881 15,317

All other Europe 1 .............. 16,469 3,963 1,428 402 5,507 1,935 3,236 17,286 3,741 2,234 1,011 5,332 1,769 3,199

Total Europe ................. 20,216,621 9,995,837 785,915 811,316 4,776,758 1,433,804 2,412,991 19,944,660 9,799,286 763,563 817,154 4,765,112 1,403,805 2,395,740

Memo: Euro Area 3................ 6,616,063 2,710,954 179,824 100,963 2,627,384 557,824 439,114 6,749,038 2,750,135 215,667 135,584 2,664,849 546,708 436,095

Canada ................................. 1,555,996 519,217 63,371 36,373 381,819 253,441 301,775 1,538,756 525,125 57,937 29,179 374,436 248,326 303,753

Latin America: 

Argentina........................... 21,938 1,777 263 771 6,140 6,981 6,006 19,277 1,940 486 349 5,767 4,580 6,155

Brazil................................. 214,346 116,128 4,724 1,318 21,349 26,081 44,746 216,989 126,353 4,254 576 19,911 13,012 52,883

Chile.................................. 73,675 40,688 3,106 1,664 13,855 7,173 7,189 67,770 35,982 4,121 1,543 13,047 4,874 8,203

Colombia........................... 39,353 23,098 4,302 1,177 3,797 6,006 973 34,639 21,742 2,571 809 3,805 4,715 997

Costa Rica 4 ..................... 7,876 5,115 353 268 1,012 733 395 7,359 4,911 84 263 1,010 470 621

Ecuador............................. 3,559 815 245 224 424 607 1,244 3,620 804 464 573 311 403 1,065

Guatemala ........................ 1,567 784 18 45 309 335 76 1,810 1,132 25 27 303 261 62

Mexico .............................. 172,020 54,938 16,338 8,865 31,885 24,657 35,337 159,736 61,995 11,314 7,123 31,378 17,465 30,461

Panama............................. 16,843 2,364 1,263 1,640 5,293 3,282 3,001 15,405 2,224 986 1,237 4,875 2,787 3,296

Peru .................................. 14,769 4,913 1,858 550 2,857 2,873 1,718 8,682 1,347 1,331 181 2,881 967 1,975

Uruguay ............................ 18,571 7,285 569 890 3,210 4,428 2,189 15,979 6,546 667 500 3,000 3,204 2,062

Venezuela......................... 9,649 695 631 467 3,573 3,284 999 15,442 1,102 633 487 3,316 8,916 988

All other Latin America 4 ... 4,236 1,261 1,321 222 844 311 277 4,856 2,012 1,309 191 804 239 301

Total Latin America ....... 598,402 259,861 34,991 18,101 94,548 86,751 104,150 571,564 268,090 28,245 13,859 90,408 61,893 109,069

See footnotes at end of table. 
 CAPITAL MOVEMENTS 

March 2009 

79

TABLE CM-IV-5.—U.S. Transactions with Foreigners in Long-Term Domestic 

and Foreign Securities, by Type and Country, During Calendar Year 2008, con. 

[In millions of dollars. Source: Treasury International Capital Reporting System] 

Gross purchases by foreigners from U.S. residents Gross sales by foreigners to U.S. residents 

Domestic securities Domestic securities 

Corporate and 

other Foreign securities 

Corporate and 

other Foreign securities 

Country

Total 

purchases 

(1) 

Market able 

Treasury 

and 

 Federal 

 Financing 

Bank bonds 

and notes 

 (2) 

Bonds 

 of U.S. 

 Gov’t 

 corps and 

 federallysponsored 

 agencies 

(3) 

 Bonds

(4) 

Stocks 

(5) 

Bonds

(6) 

 Stocks 

 (7) 

Total 

sales 

(8) 

Marketable

Treasury

and 

Federal 

Financing 

Bank bonds

and notes

(9) 

Bonds 

of U.S. 

Gov’t 

corps and 

federallysponsored 

agencies 

(10) 

Bonds 

(11) 

Stocks 

(12) 

Bonds

 (13) 

 Stocks

 (14) 

Caribbean: 

Anguilla 5............................... 419,600 18,895 649 782 350,952 993 47,328 423,524 19,700 860 1,051 353,181 1,127 47,605

Bahamas .............................. 615,505 309,695 10,533 21,104 179,449 22,323 72,401 627,590 322,400 8,387 20,921 181,298 22,403 72,181

Barbados 5 ............................ 9,359 1,120 5,238 598 1,207 471 725 8,779 1,139 4,884 402 1,097 472 785

Bermuda ............................... 1,375,448 186,452 62,867 43,792 863,289 28,209 190,839 1,419,313 177,259 100,828 44,186 864,444 43,172 189,424

British Virgin Islands 5 ........... 791,830 76,921 4,787 33,286 509,167 28,656 139,013 807,219 74,611 4,205 39,606 513,717 28,868 146,212

Cayman Islands .................... 8,709,517 1,618,303 1,112,416 337,388 4,405,105 181,001 1,055,304 8,742,488 1,583,853 1,163,803 308,370 4,434,258 163,086 1,089,118

Cuba..................................... - --- ----- --- - -

Jamaica ................................ 6,521 4,891 866 129 217 367 51 7,129 4,902 1,098 107 197 779 46

Netherlands Antilles.............. 211,843 112,039 4,550 2,647 61,137 10,792 20,678 221,043 116,721 3,957 2,619 65,815 10,744 21,187

Trinidad and Tobago............. 4,683 648 1,106 220 369 985 1,355 4,256 537 908 226 393 762 1,430

All other Caribbean ............... 6,011 821 1,280 412 2,506 308 684 5,971 708 1,371 328 2,451 373 740

Total Caribbean................ 12,150,316 2,329,785 1,204,292 440,358 6,373,398 274,105 1,528,378 12,267,312 2,301,830 1,290,301 417,816 6,416,851 271,786 1,568,728

Asia: 

China, Mainland ............... 496,924 285,900 129,929 42,054 15,652 17,731 5,658 354,574 201,157 113,191 12,456 16,358 5,499 5,913

Hong Kong ........................ 551,023 66,770 54,637 14,410 77,700 7,118 330,388 472,297 60,528 30,096 7,404 50,238 6,073 317,958

India .................................. 43,772 12,233 35 151 2,756 850 27,747 36,017 10,185 361 54 1,412 493 23,512

Indonesia........................... 13,574 5,999 987 22 928 1,061 4,577 19,781 11,874 841 3 955 1,401 4,707

Israel ................................. 313,004 266,982 3,548 2,396 25,211 1,438 13,429 312,186 269,094 3,800 1,809 24,250 568 12,665

Japan ................................ 1,310,674 551,563 143,744 60,732 61,640 89,913 403,082 1,236,576 545,486 137,637 38,476 40,258 93,251 381,468

Korea, South ..................... 129,871 45,127 25,295 8,041 5,362 9,191 36,855 147,867 56,298 41,534 7,411 2,610 7,386 32,628

Lebanon ............................ 1,314 110 - 47 947 43 167 1,248 136 3 50 884 10 165

Malaysia............................ 34,156 10,168 10,036 697 986 3,466 8,803 30,866 11,112 7,895 389 957 2,231 8,282

Pakistan ............................ 1,185 70 187 62 307 30 529 2,497 51 1,451 134 312 31 518

Philippines......................... 14,764 7,652 912 345 1,742 2,178 1,935 16,423 9,770 898 262 1,747 1,969 1,777

Singapore.......................... 266,829 66,851 46,177 8,412 53,079 14,769 77,541 259,207 73,887 48,032 9,489 48,362 7,277 72,160

Syria.................................. 515 --- 449 - 66 511 - - - 444 - 67

Taiwan .............................. 106,989 32,898 18,199 3,071 22,607 2,130 28,084 95,194 27,069 15,675 1,421 22,595 1,829 26,605

Thailand ............................ 21,132 13,626 782 218 788 960 4,758 22,491 16,495 518 58 801 585 4,034

All other Asia..................... 172,652 64,534 34,566 9,828 43,639 10,793 9,292 144,424 38,441 49,146 6,434 36,302 6,622 7,479

Total Asia...................... 3,478,378 1,430,483 469,034 150,486 313,793 161,671 952,911 3,152,159 1,331,583 451,078 85,850 248,485 135,225 899,938

Africa: 

Egypt................................. 12,984 8,606 157 12 439 448 3,322 13,134 7,513 1,859 34 434 142 3,152

Liberia ............................... 3,568 47 38 127 2,361 161 834 6,345 133 15 445 4,948 58 746

Morocco ............................ 574 280 88 3 127 34 42 3,187 549 2,377 2 131 20 108

South Africa....................... 11,489 4,769 302 23 1,358 1,242 3,795 15,765 7,063 411 89 1,025 3,015 4,162

All other Africa................... 35,724 18,374 888 277 6,937 5,520 3,728 22,661 6,509 326 58 9,326 981 5,461

Total Africa.................... 64,339 32,076 1,473 442 11,222 7,405 11,721 61,092 21,767 4,988 628 15,864 4,216 13,629

Other countries: 

Australia ............................ 260,087 50,433 22,562 7,981 36,928 27,446 114,737 274,308 53,426 22,618 7,662 36,588 38,589 115,425

New Zealand..................... 7,908 576 2,625 177 1,522 1,495 1,513 18,021 729 2,310 174 1,541 11,762 1,505

All other............................. 824 71 102 16 483 20 132 1,145 39 86 14 464 29 513

Total other countries...... 268,819 51,080 25,289 8,174 38,933 28,961 116,382 293,474 54,194 25,014 7,850 38,593 50,380 117,443

Total foreign 

 countries ............... 38,332,871 14,618,339 2,584,365 1,465,250 11,990,471 2,246,138 5,428,308 37,829,017 14,301,875 2,621,126 1,372,336 11,949,749 2,175,631 5,408,300

International and regional orgs: 

International organizations... 14,898 6,833 2,270 1,238 115 4,113 329 13,802 7,024 2,411 625 98 3,431 213

Regional organizations 6 ..... 20,993 2,360 2,265 571 50 13,371 2,376 11,358 2,613 3,127 570 38 2,580 2,430

Total international and 

 regional organizations....... 35,891 9,193 4,535 1,809 165 17,484 2,705 25,160 9,637 5,538 1,195 136 6,011 2,643

 Grand total................... 38,368,762 14,627,532 2,588,900 1,467,059 11,990,636 2,263,622 5,431,013 37,854,177 14,311,512 2,626,664 1,373,531 11,949,885 2,181,642 5,410,943

1 Before June 2006, data for Cyprus, Kazakhstan, Monaco, and Ukraine are included in “All other 

Europe.”

2

 On February 4, 2003, Yugoslavia changed its name to Serbia and Montenegro. Data for other entities 

of the former Yugoslavia recognized as independent states by the United States are reported under “All 

other Europe” as follows: Beginning in December 1992 for Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, and 

Slovenia; and beginning in December 1994 for the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia. 

3

 Includes Austria, Belgium, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, the 

Netherlands, Portugal, and Spain. For data as of January 2008, also includes Cyprus, Malta, and Slovenia. 

4

 Before June 2006, data for Costa Rica are included in “All other Latin America.” 

5 Before June 2006, data for Anguilla, Barbados, and the British Virgin Islands are included in “All other 

Caribbean.” 

6 Includes European, Latin America, Caribbean, Asian, African, and Middle East regional organizations.
80 CAPITAL MOVEMENTS

March 2009 

-200

-100

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

2005 2006 2007 2008 2008 

Oct.-Dec.

United Kingdom All other Europe Caribbean banking centers

Japan All other Asia All other countries

(In billions of dollars)

Note: To facilitate comparison of net 

purchases during 2008 w ith those in prior 

years, the chart depicts data for all periods 

at an annualized rate.

CHART CM-C.—Net Purchases of Long-Term 

Domestic Securities by Foreigners, Selected Countries

[In millions of dollars. Source: Treasury International Capital Reporting System] 

Calendar years 

Country 2005 2006 2007 2008

 2008

 Oct - Dec. 

United Kingdom.......................... 363,593 472,380 546,592 328,553 8,316

All other Europe ......................... 146,910 126,118 5,310 -103,842 -30,879

Caribbean banking centers 1 ......... 102,259 139,732 74,788 -75,093 -32,877

Japan.......................................... 79,814 58,050 -303 55,822 8,419

All other Asia .............................. 187,284 226,863 234,778 190,978 3,666

Subtotal .................................. 879,860 1,023,143 861,165 396,418 -43,355

All other countries ...................... 131,680 120,078 144,657 16,117 -30,934

Grand total.............................. 1,011,540 1,143,221 1,005,822 412,535 -74,289

1 Includes Bahamas, Bermuda, Cayman Islands, Netherlands Antilles, and Panama. For data beginning June 2006, also 

includes the British Virgin Islands. 

The data on this page represent foreign 

investors’ purchases and sales of longterm U.S. securities (that is, U.S. 

Treasury and Government agency 

bonds and notes, and U.S. corporate 

bonds and stocks) as reported to the 

TIC reporting system. Foreign 

investors also acquired U.S. equities 

through mergers and reincorporations 

that involve stock swaps. Net foreign 

acquisitions of U.S. equities through 

stock swaps have been modest, 

amounting to $36 billion in 2004, $6 

billion in 2005, $4 billion in 2006, $11 

billion in 2007, and less than $1 

billion in 2008. (Stock swaps data for 

the most recent quarter are Federal 

Reserve Board/Treasury estimates and 

are subject to substantial revisions.) 

These stock swaps are not reported 

under the TIC reporting system, but 

are available on the TIC Web site. The 

TIC Website also provides estimates 

from the Federal Reserve Bank of 

New York on principal repayment 

flows on foreign holdings of U.S. 

government agency and corporate 

asset-backed securities (ABS). These 

repayments, also not reported under 

the TIC system, are estimated to have 

reduced foreign net purchases of U.S. 

securities by $86 billion in 2004, $144 

billion in 2005, $160 billion in 2006, 

$235 billion in 2007, and $193 billion 

in 2008. 

Net foreign purchases of U.S. 

securities first surpassed $100 billion 

in 1993. In 2005, net foreign 

acquisitions of U.S. securities 

(including stock swaps and accounting 

for ABS repayment flows) totaled 

$873 billion. Net purchases reached a 

new record of $987 billion in 2006, 

but then slowed to $782 billion in 

2007. Net acquisitions slowed further 

to $219 billion in 2008, as foreign 

investors acquired $364 billion in U.S. 

securities in the first half of the year, 

but on net sold U.S. securities in the 

second half of the year. For the fourth 

quarter, net sales (after accounting for 

ABS repayments) were $110 billion. 
 CAPITAL MOVEMENTS 

March 2009 

81

The data on this page represent U.S. 

investors’ purchases and sales of 

long-term foreign securities as 

reported to the TIC reporting system. 

However, in the past several years, 

U.S. investors also have acquired a 

substantial amount of foreign stocks, 

mostly European, through mergers 

that involve stock swaps. In 

addition, when foreign firms 

reincorporate in the United States, 

the associated stock swap reduces 

U.S. holdings of foreign equity. Net 

acquisitions through stock swaps 

amounted to $80 billion in 2000, $47 

billion in 2001, $3 billion in 2002, 

$17 billion in 2003, -$12 billion in 

2004, $4 billion in 2005, $19 billion 

in 2006, $11 billion in 2007, and $4 

billion in 2008. (Stock swaps data for 

the most recent quarter are Federal 

Reserve Board/Treasury estimates 

and are subject to substantial 

revisions.) These stock swaps are not 

reported under the TIC reporting 

system, but are available on the TIC 

Web site. 

Including the stock swaps, annual 

U.S. net purchases of long-term 

foreign securities averaged about 

$100 billion from the mid-1990s 

through 2000, without much 

variation from year to year. U.S. 

investors’ acquisitions of foreign 

securities (including stock swaps) 

then slowed over the 2001-2003 

period before rebounding to $141 

billion in 2004, $176 billion in 2005, 

and $270 billion in 2006. The pace 

of acquisition eased a bit in 2007, as 

U.S. investors acquired $241 billion 

in foreign securities. In 2008, U.S. 

investors switched to net sales of $98 

billion in foreign securities, with net 

sales (after accounting for 

acquisitions through stock swaps) of 

$82 billion in the fourth quarter. 

CHART CM-D.—Net Purchases of Long-Term

Foreign Securities by U.S. Investors* 

 

[In millions of dollars. Source: Treasury International Capital Reporting System] 

Calendar years 

Type 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

 2008 

 Oct - Dec.

Foreign bonds ........... 67,872 45,095 144,452 133,923 -81,980 -40,043

Foreign stocks........... 84,970 127,296 106,455 95,300 20,070 -43,075

Total ........................ 152,842 172,391 250,907 229,223 -102,050 -83,118

* Net purchases by U.S. investors equal net sales by foreigners, or gross sales minus gross purchases of securities. 

-400

-300

-200

-100

0

100

200

300

400

500

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2008

Oct.-Dec.

Foreign bonds Foreign stocks Total foreign securities

(In billions of dollars)

Note: To facilitate comparison of net purchases during 2008

w ith those in prior years, the chart depicts data for all periods

at an annualized rate.
CAPITAL MOVEMENTS 

March 2009 

82 

SECTION V.—Holdings of, and Transactions in, Financial Derivatives 

Contracts with Foreigners Reported by Businesses in the United States 

TABLE CM-V-1.—Gross Totals of Holdings with Positive and Negative Fair Values, 

by Type of Contract 

[Holdings at end of period in millions of dollars. Source: Treasury International Capital Reporting System] 

2006 2007 2008 

 Dec. Sept. Dec. Mar. June Sept. p 

Gross total of holdings with negative fair values ........................... 1,179,159 1,649,656 2,487,860 4,055,518 3,528,055 3,138,386 

Total over-the-counter (OTC) contracts..................................... 1,156,241 1,621,385 2,456,093 4,015,089 3,469,018 3,092,038 

Single-currency interest rate contracts .................................. 749,009 901,771 1,434,083 2,320,674 1,781,034 1,602,170 

Forwards ............................................................................ 541 1,483 1,410 3,554 4,586 8,046 

Swaps ................................................................................ 678,413 795,200 1,275,308 2,125,556 1,594,291 1,425,059 

Options............................................................................... 70,055 105,088 157,365 191,564 182,157 169,065 

Foreign exchange contracts .................................................. 151,046 242,717 240,138 367,553 294,743 325,466 

Forwards ............................................................................ 47,068 85,173 72,450 120,033 87,327 113,706 

Swaps ................................................................................ 78,390 115,327 115,889 172,489 151,177 160,807 

Options............................................................................... 25,588 42,217 51,799 75,031 56,239 50,953 

Other contracts ...................................................................... 256,186 476,897 781,872 1,326,862 1,393,241 1,164,402 

Total exchange-traded contracts ............................................... 22,918 28,271 31,767 40,429 59,037 46,348 

Own contracts on foreign exchanges .................................... 4,042 3,799 4,101 6,033 5,837 5,158 

U.S. customers’ contracts on foreign exchanges.................. 2,738 3,337 3,658 4,019 6,110 5,561 

Foreign counterparty contracts on U.S. exchanges .............. 16,138 21,135 24,008 30,377 47,090 35,629 

Memorandum items: 

Contracts with own foreign office........................................... 312,724 475,390 615,885 1,018,175 937,871 960,208 

Contracts with foreign official institutions .............................. 9,586 13,916 14,495 15,166 13,152 12,094 

Contracts of U.S. depository institutions with foreigners....... 391,948 511,518 790,580 1,409,843 997,078 1,180,178 

Gross total of holdings with positive fair values............................. 1,238,995 1,720,605 2,559,332 4,186,275 3,638,417 3,240,318 

Total over-the-counter (OTC) contracts..................................... 1,213,354 1,687,484 2,526,075 4,142,982 3,575,564 3,190,484 

Single-currency interest rate contracts .................................. 793,057 936,941 1,463,086 2,363,064 1,825,236 1,655,033 

Forwards ............................................................................ 1,027 1,646 1,234 3,445 4,926 5,119 

Swaps ................................................................................ 702,386 815,722 1,288,685 2,146,969 1,619,634 1,463,033 

Options............................................................................... 89,644 119,573 173,167 212,650 200,676 186,881 

Foreign exchange contracts .................................................. 176,267 279,826 290,943 436,499 349,048 356,026 

Forwards ............................................................................ 44,941 79,290 73,894 123,941 82,668 118,693 

Swaps ................................................................................ 102,795 153,116 160,129 230,375 205,104 179,177 

Options............................................................................... 28,531 47,420 56,920 82,183 61,276 58,156 

Other contracts ...................................................................... 244,030 470,717 772,046 1,343,419 1,401,280 1,179,425 

Total exchange-traded contracts ............................................... 25,641 33,121 33,257 43,293 62,853 49,834 

Own contracts on foreign exchanges .................................... 4,590 5,063 4,558 5,730 5,665 3,708 

Customers’ contracts on foreign exchanges ......................... 2,882 3,109 3,422 4,869 7,742 6,553 

Foreign counterparty contracts on U.S. exchanges .............. 18,169 24,949 25,277 32,694 49,446 39,573 

Memorandum items: 

Contracts with own foreign office........................................... 318,870 479,632 623,349 1,044,166 955,322 975,010 

Contracts with foreign official institutions .............................. 10,385 11,017 13,040 17,015 12,861 9,657 

Contracts of U.S. depository institutions with foreigners....... 407,594 526,490 811,889 1,435,062 1,029,986 1,205,971 

 
 CAPITAL MOVEMENTS 

March 2009 

83

TABLE CM-V-2.—Gross Total of Holdings with Negative Fair Values, 

by Country 

[Holdings at end of period in millions of dollars. Source: Treasury International Capital Reporting System] 

 2006 2007 2008 

Country Dec. Sept. Dec. Mar. June Sept. p 

Europe: 

Belgium .......................................................................... 9,338 9,699 12,803 16,305 17,750 12,470 

France............................................................................ 67,056 87,513 130,795 215,113 194,366 164,518 

Germany ........................................................................ 85,235 110,814 175,390 276,936 255,611 177,000 

Ireland ............................................................................ 115,002 121,036 162,977 265,049 184,059 213,901 

Italy................................................................................. 5,850 5,070 6,412 8,841 8,952 6,652 

Netherlands.................................................................... 21,114 26,644 31,659 60,808 58,928 39,964 

Switzerland .................................................................... 28,036 42,079 61,915 104,751 97,204 77,780 

United Kingdom ............................................................. 632,362 963,006 1,535,536 2,594,941 2,251,499 2,056,285 

All other Europe ............................................................. 30,383 41,971 56,910 59,745 74,959 60,224 

Total Europe .............................................................. 994,376 1,407,832 2,174,397 3,602,489 3,143,328 2,808,794 

Memo: Euro Area 1 ........................................................ 323,436 387,989 549,170 879,490 757,354 645,097 

Memo: European Union 2............................................... 963,045 1,360,096 2,095,271 3,488,499 3,022,261 2,712,917 

Canada............................................................................... 27,239 39,513 43,759 58,898 58,529 50,780 

Total Latin America............................................................ 13,299 13,908 13,764 18,827 17,092 13,013 

Caribbean: 

Cayman Islands ............................................................. 57,234 82,005 110,074 144,650 122,194 105,342 

All other Caribbean ........................................................ 15,655 18,331 22,706 30,542 32,122 24,521 

Total Caribbean ......................................................... 72,889 100,336 132,780 175,192 154,316 129,863 

Asia: 

 Japan ........................................................................... 37,077 40,878 67,577 101,660 66,700 62,813 

All other Asia.................................................................. 16,367 23,546 33,085 66,326 57,373 46,370 

Total Asia ................................................................... 53,444 64,424 100,662 167,986 124,073 109,183 

Total Africa......................................................................... 2,153 2,794 3,025 3,930 5,845 4,402 

Other countries: 

Australia ......................................................................... 10,567 14,915 13,239 20,309 18,648 16,328 

All other.......................................................................... 576 801 849 789 547 652 

Total other countries .................................................. 11,143 15,716 14,088 21,098 19,195 16,980 

Total foreign countries ........................................... 1,174,543 1,644,523 2,482,475 4,048,420 3,522,378 3,133,015 

Total International and regional organizations .................. 4,616 5,135 5,389 7,097 5,677 5,372 

Grand total ................................................................. 1,179,159 1,649,656 2,487,860 4,055,518 3,528,055 3,138,386 

1 Includes Austria, Belgium, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, 

Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Portugal, and Spain. As of January 2007, the euro area 

also includes Slovenia; however, separate data for Slovenia are not available.

2 As of May 2004, the European Union includes Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, the Czech Republic, 

Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, 

Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, and 

the United Kingdom. Data available beginning June 2006. As of January 2007, also includes 

Bulgaria and Romania.
CAPITAL MOVEMENTS 

March 2009 

84 

TABLE CM-V-3.—Gross Total of Holdings with Positive Fair Values, 

by Country 

[Holdings at end of period in millions of dollars. Source: Treasury International Capital Reporting System] 

Country 2006 2007 2008 

 Dec. Sept. Dec. Mar. June Sept. p 

 

Europe: 

Belgium ..................................................................... 9,806 9,314 13,329 18,708 19,872 14,308 

France ....................................................................... 73,478 93,953 139,382 226,062 204,125 173,382 

Germany.................................................................... 97,012 121,413 185,036 290,360 271,668 188,081 

Ireland ....................................................................... 120,433 126,251 163,883 275,417 193,358 222,010 

Italy............................................................................ 12,119 12,539 15,668 20,850 20,761 12,104 

Netherlands............................................................... 23,547 30,090 36,044 66,908 63,412 41,475 

Switzerland................................................................ 29,175 47,315 69,586 111,750 103,906 86,565 

United Kingdom......................................................... 658,948 997,074 1,558,496 2,639,440 2,272,620 2,095,015 

All other Europe ........................................................ 23,466 31,943 47,949 51,901 67,924 53,003 

Total Europe.......................................................... 1,047,984 1,469,891 2,229,373 3,701,396 3,217,646 2,885,943 

Memo: Euro Area 1.................................................... 349,741 409,853 572,162 925,817 801,150 673,406 

Memo: European Union 2.......................................... 1,015,511 1,418,452 2,144,029 3,581,027 3,090,441 2,780,637 

Canada.......................................................................... 31,611 45,346 51,648 71,569 74,917 55,752 

Total Latin America ....................................................... 14,278 16,055 16,037 21,763 20,120 15,338 

Caribbean: 

Cayman Islands ........................................................ 49,702 76,659 112,007 154,244 131,186 114,599 

All other Caribbean ................................................... 17,461 17,114 21,305 30,145 28,070 25,422 

Total Caribbean..................................................... 67,163 93,773 133,312 184,389 159,256 140,021 

Asia: 

Japan......................................................................... 38,327 41,031 66,643 98,841 65,405 61,821 

All other Asia ............................................................. 19,560 26,414 36,647 73,158 64,837 54,199 

Total Asia .............................................................. 57,887 67,445 103,290 171,999 130,242 116,020 

Total Africa .................................................................... 3,088 3,579 4,260 4,987 6,155 4,722 

Other countries: 

Australia .................................................................... 13,509 20,397 17,356 25,327 25,666 18,402 

All other ..................................................................... 762 865 954 1,042 708 955 

Total other countries ............................................. 14,271 21,262 18,310 26,369 26,374 19,357 

Total foreign countries ...................................... 1,236,282 1,717,351 2,556,230 4,182,472 3,634,710 3,237,153 

Total international and regional organizations.............. 2,713 3,253 3,104 3,802 3,705 3,164 

Grand total ............................................................ 1,238,995 1,720,605 2,559,332 4,186,275 3,638,417 3,240,318 

1 Includes Austria, Belgium, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, 

Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Portugal, and Spain. As of January 2007, the euro 

area also includes Slovenia; however, separate data for Slovenia are not available.

2 As of May 2004, the European Union includes Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, the Czech Republic, 

Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, 

Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, and 

the United Kingdom. Data available beginning June 2006. As of January 2007, also includes 

Bulgaria and Romania.
CAPITAL MOVEMENTS 

March 2009 

85

TABLE CM-V-4.—Net Cash Settlements Received by U.S. Residents from Foreign 

Residents, by Type of Contract 

[In millions of dollars. Source: Treasury International Capital Reporting System] 

 2007 2007 2008 

Type of Derivatives Contract Total July - Sept. Oct. - Dec. Jan. - Mar. Apr. - June. July - Sept. p.

Total over-the-counter (OTC) contracts................................................. 6,851 5,001 -9,218 -4,221 -4,617 -6,443 

Single-currency interest rate contracts .............................................. 11,030 4,365 -399 -6,127 -4 421 

Foreign exchange contracts............................................................... -3,814 -2,229 -824 -3,559 768 -5,564 

Other contracts................................................................................... -365 2,865 -7,995 5,465 -5,381 -1,300 

Total exchange-traded contracts ........................................................... -629 941 -4,290 -3,745 2,262 2,368 

Own contracts on foreign exchanges ................................................ 3,566 2,353 -1,095 1,709 7,227 971 

U.S. customers’ contracts on foreign exchanges .............................. 2,634 -627 543 -648 1,185 -4,608 

Foreign counterparty contacts on U.S. exchanges ........................... -6,829 -785 -3,738 -4,806 -6,150 6,005 

Total net cash settlements from foreigners ........................................... 6,222 5,942 -13,508 -7,966 -2,355 -4,075 

Memorandum items: 

Contracts with foreign official institutions....................................... 872 -309 309 1,431 -1,198 768 

 

 Note.—Negative figures indicate net cash payments or a net outflow of capital from the United States. 
CAPITAL MOVEMENTS 

March 2009 

86 

TABLE CM-V-5.—Net Cash Settlements Received by U.S. Residents from Foreign 

Residents, by Country 

[In millions of dollars. Source: Treasury International Capital Reporting System] 

 2007 2007 2008 

Country Total July - Sept. Oct. - Dec. Jan. - Mar. Apr. - June July - Sept. p

Europe: 

Belgium ................................................................................. -2,380 381 -2,396 23 101 188

France................................................................................... -3,685 -1,175 -103 -156 -2,673 -3,983

Germany ............................................................................... 84 -1,804 338 -563 -2,746 1,310

Ireland ................................................................................... -319 605 1,087 -1,061 -318 -789

Italy........................................................................................ 730 641 303 -249 41 -1,004

Netherlands........................................................................... 516 -444 89 -594 -3,206 124

Switzerland ........................................................................... 6,498 2,080 -887 -5,085 -996 -2,907

United Kingdom .................................................................... 12,570 8,408 -6,129 -1,866 5,581 -10,318

All other Europe .................................................................... 2,114 1,432 -1,869 1,524 -4,209 6,199

Total Europe ..................................................................... 16,128 10,123 -9,567 -8,027 -8,425 -11,180

Memo: Euro area 1 ................................................................ -2,962 -1,018 -2,026 -2,367 -13,618 1,148

Memo: European Union 2...................................................... 9,750 8,190 -8,585 -2,906 -8,153 -9,461

Canada...................................................................................... -3,005 -625 -1,145 3,139 399 -2,375

Total Latin America................................................................... -1,329 1,346 -2,355 -330 260 -143

Caribbean: 

Cayman Islands .................................................................... -1,159 -3,732 2,738 3,149 3,109 5,462

All other Caribbean ............................................................... -250 -22 -1,117 -1,003 1,072 5,013

Total Caribbean ................................................................ -1,409 -3,754 1,621 2,146 4,181 10,475

Asia: 

Japan .................................................................................... -2,703 511 -2,264 -4,730 2,998 -2,784

All other Asia......................................................................... -12 -1,885 -363 -1,647 -1,642 196

Total Asia .......................................................................... -2,715 -1,374 -2,627 -6,377 1,356 -2,588

Total Africa................................................................................ -264 329 -118 -146 36 137

Other countries: 

Australia ................................................................................ -1,602 -36 1,095 1,352 35 1,758

All other................................................................................. -230 -65 9 18 49 -69

Total other countries ......................................................... -1,832 -101 1,104 1,370 84 1,689

Total foreign countries .................................................. 5,574 5,944 -13,087 -8,225 -2,109 -3,985

Total international and regional organizations.......................... 651 -2 -418 255 -247 -98

Grand total ........................................................................ 6,222 5,942 -13,508 -7,966 -2,355 -4,075

1

 Includes Austria, Belgium, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, 

the Netherlands, Portugal, and Spain. As of January 2007, the euro area also includes 

Slovenia; however, separate data for Slovenia are not available. 

2 As of May 2004, the European Union includes Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, the Czech Republic, 

Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, 

Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, 

Sweden, and the United Kingdom. Data available beginning June 2006. As of January 2007, 

also includes Bulgaria and Romania. 

Note.—Negative figures indicate net cash payments or a net outflow of capital from the United 

States. 
 March 2009 

87

INTRODUCTION: Foreign Currency Positions

The “Treasury Bulletin” reports foreign currency 

holdings of large foreign exchange market participants. 

These reports provide information on positions in derivative 

instruments, such as foreign exchange futures and options, 

that are increasingly used in establishing foreign exchange 

positions but were not covered in the old reports. 

The information is based on reports of large foreign 

exchange market participants on holdings of five major 

foreign currencies (Canadian dollar, Japanese yen, Swiss 

franc, pound sterling, and euro) and the U.S. dollar. 

Positions in the U.S. dollar, which have been collected since 

January 1999, are intended to approximate “all other” 

currency positions of reporting institutions. U.S.-based 

businesses file a consolidated report for their domestic and 

foreign subsidiaries, branches, and agencies. U.S. 

subsidiaries of foreign entities file only for themselves, not 

for their foreign parents. Filing is required by law (31 United 

States Code 5315; 31 Code of Federal Regulations 128, 

Subpart C). 

Weekly and monthly reports must be filed throughout the 

calendar year by major foreign exchange market 

participants, which are defined as market participants with 

more than $50 billion equivalent in foreign exchange 

contracts on the last business day of any calendar quarter 

during the previous year (end March, June, September, or 

December). Such contracts include the amounts of foreign 

exchange spot contracts bought and sold, foreign exchange 

forward contracts bought and sold, foreign exchange futures 

bought and sold, and one half the notional amount of foreign 

exchange options bought and sold. 

A quarterly report must be filed throughout the calendar 

year by each foreign exchange market participant that had 

more than $5 billion equivalent in foreign exchange 

contracts on the last business day of any quarter the previous 

year (end March, June, September, or December). 

This information is published in six sections 

corresponding to each of the major currencies covered by the 

reports. Tables I-1 through VI-1 present the currency data 

reported weekly by major market participants. Tables I-2 

through VI-2 present more detailed currency data of major 

market participants, based on monthly Treasury reports. 

Tables I-3 through VI-3 present quarterly consolidated 

currency data reported by large market participants that do 

not file weekly reports. 

Principal exchanged under cross-currency interest rate 

swaps is reported as part of purchases or sales of foreign 

exchange. Such principal also was noted separately on 

monthly and quarterly reports through December 1998, 

when this practice was discontinued. The net options 

position, or the net delta-equivalent value of an options 

position, is an estimate of the relationship between an 

option’s value and an equivalent currency hedge. The delta 

equivalent value is defined as the product of the first partial 

derivative of an option valuation formula (with respect to the 

price of the underlying currency) multiplied by the notional 

principal of the contract. 
FOREIGN CURRENCY POSITIONS 

March 2009 

88 

SECTION I.—Canadian Dollar Positions 

TABLE FCP-I-1.—Weekly Report of Major Market Participants 

[In millions of Canadian dollars. Source: Office of International Monetary and Financial Policy] 

Spot, forward and future contracts 

Report date 

Purchased 

(1) 

Sold 

(2) 

Net options positions 

(3) 

Exchange 

rate 

(Canadian 

dollars per 

U.S. dollar)

(4) 

 

07/09/08 .................................................................... 711,322 732,182 1,051 1.0108 

07/16/08 .................................................................... 715,333 735,096 1,052 1.0020 

07/23/08 .................................................................... 697,995 719,553 712 1.0088 

07/30/08 .................................................................... 757,078 777,097 478 1.0240 

 

08/06/08 .................................................................... 774,042 793,291 -15 1.0470 

08/13/08 .................................................................... 784,424 804,575 -110 1.0658 

08/20/08 .................................................................... 778,138 800,182 164 1.0627 

08/27/08 .................................................................... 812,165 835,662 995 1.0483 

 

09/03/08 .................................................................... 845,058 869,690 1,213 1.0610 

09/10/08 .................................................................... 876,972 894,307 993 1.0735 

09/17/08 .................................................................... 704,084 717,697 900 1.0788 

09/24/08 .................................................................... 705,521 736,071 2,075 1.0351 

 

10/01/08 .................................................................... 726,302 755,232 1,220 1.0607 

10/08/08 .................................................................... 747,856 776,565 782 1.1246 

10/15/08 .................................................................... 766,619 816,424 -19 1.1804 

10/22/08 .................................................................... 779,982 813,210 -244 1.2496 

10/29/08 .................................................................... 815,488 847,757 -170 1.2302 

 

11/05/08 .................................................................... 798,069 831,975 -988 1.1590 

11/12/08 .................................................................... 792,728 825,515 -999 1.2296 

11/19/08 .................................................................... 783,997 823,234 -1,067 1.2370 

11/26/08 .................................................................... 803,255 843,667 -1,038 1.2338 

 

12/03/08 .................................................................... 805,182 844,188 -766 1.2573 

12/10/08 .................................................................... 748,643 785,797 -454 1.2553 

12/17/08 .................................................................... 682,878 712,787 -494 1.2058 

12/24/08 .................................................................... 617,841 648,036 -726 1.2125 

12/31/08 .................................................................... 630,632 661,410 -344 1.2240 

 
FOREIGN CURRENCY POSITIONS 

March 2009 

89

SECTION I.—Canadian Dollar Positions, con. 

TABLE FCP-I-2.—Monthly Report of Major Market Participants 

[In millions of Canadian dollars. Office of International Monetary and Financial Policy] 

Spot, forward Options positions 

and future contracts 

Foreign currency 

denominated Calls Puts 

Report date 

Purchased 

(1) 

Sold 

(2) 

Assets 

(3) 

Liabilities

(4) 

Bought 

(5) 

Written

(6) 

Bought 

(7) 

Written 

(8) 

Net delta

equivalent

(9) 

Exchange rate

(Canadian 

dollars per 

U.S. dollar) 

(10) 

 

2006 - Dec................... 579,771 588,986 160,820 146,721 74,389 68,162 90,305 94,040 6,142 1.1652 

2007 - Dec................... 694,064 714,446 197,438 182,233 71,200 69,421 72,055 77,515 -522 0.9881 

2008 - Jan ................... 776,057 792,881 192,919 172,864 73,674 69,899 80,493 84,503 -359 1.0018 

Feb .................. 813,057 828,410 203,219 186,880 70,622 67,515 78,337 82,716 34 0.9796 

Mar .................. 704,900 725,870 197,173 181,297 68,766 64,611 79,214 84,604 636 1.0275 

Apr................... 792,511 811,750 204,674 182,754 72,251 61,955 78,321 86,569 446 1.0092 

May.................. 783,032 800,143 193,260 175,265 75,246 62,438 69,409 81,474 305 0.9938 

June................. 708,422 723,727 195,618 177,698 73,064 62,946 66,938 77,223 550 1.0185 

July .................. 762,144 783,370 203,718 183,997 60,370 57,570 60,852 65,535 311 1.0261 

Aug .................. 813,975 835,396 210,772 192,626 62,405 62,211 68,050 67,675 1,002 1.0631 

Sept................. 730,492 758,806 180,842 156,950 59,498 60,990 62,821 60,724 1,228 1.0597 

Oct................... 817,607 846,772 191,668 164,583 52,351 53,220 61,117 59,599 -1,214 1.2158 

Nov .................. 800,323 841,201 175,232 152,935 39,942 39,348 46,428 45,867 -1,401 1.2360 

Dec .................. 634,789 666,685 175,405 154,246 34,361 32,641 36,089 37,162 -829 1.2240 

 

TABLE FCP-I-3.—Quarterly Report of Large Market Participants 

[In millions of Canadian dollars. Source: Office of International Monetary and Financial Policy] 

Spot, forward Options positions 

and future contracts 

Foreign currency 

denominated Calls Puts 

Report date 

Purchased 

(1) 

Sold 

(2) 

Assets 

(3) 

Liabilities

(4) 

Bought 

(5) 

Written 

(6) 

Bought 

(7) 

 Written 

 (8) 

Net delta 

equivalent 

(9) 

Exchange rate

(Canadian 

dollars per 

U.S. dollar) 

(10) 

 

2005 - Dec................... 25,109 32,454 96,654 n.a. 451 n.a. 2,157 660 n.a. 1.1656 

2006 - Mar................... 21,479 27,460 n.a. n.a. 662 824 2,870 905 -826 1.167 

 June ................. 22,757 27,397 n.a. n.a. 463 758 2,501 688 -700 1.115 

 Sept.................. 22,644 29,191 87,920 n.a. 419 460 2,269 882 -459 1.1151 

 Dec................... 20,327 26,745 65,076 34,842 833 456 1,536 844 n.a. 1.1652 

2007 - Mar................... 13,129 21,573 67,774 32,113 444 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. 1.153 

 June ................. 10,551 16,894 94,501 65,451 259 346 1,481 805 -174 1.0634 

Sept.................. 10,062 16,161 92,670 69,270 n.a. 256 1,450 n.a. -192 0.9959 

Dec................... 9,864 17,299 90,515 74,923 n.a. 1,186 1,628 703 -300 0.9881 

2008 - Mar................... 24,894 21,409 110,013 71,727 836 957 2,125 1,310 -470 1.0275 

June.................. 25,156 21,808 139,752 77,457 418 1,328 2,216 1,914 -422 1.0185 

Sept.................. 23,453 26,995 126,375 74,937 n.a. 1,221 2,006 n.a. -305 1.0597 

 
FOREIGN CURRENCY POSITIONS 

March 2009 

90 

SECTION II.—Japanese Yen Positions 

TABLE FCP-II-1.—Weekly Report of Major Market Participants 

[In billions of Japanese yen. Source: Office of International Monetary and Financial Policy] 

Spot, forward and future contracts 

Report date 

Purchased 

(1) 

Sold 

(2) 

Net options positions 

(3) 

Exchange 

rate 

(Japanese 

yen per 

U.S. dollar)

(4) 

 

07/09/08 .................................................................. 400,950 405,428 2,444 107.12 

07/16/08 .................................................................. 409,473 413,657 2,508 104.64 

07/23/08 .................................................................. 400,323 404,868 2,382 107.68 

07/30/08 .................................................................. 408,004 412,602 2,696 108.17 

 

08/06/08 .................................................................. 416,106 420,953 2,575 109.39 

08/13/08 .................................................................. 425,314 431,597 2,638 108.71 

08/20/08 .................................................................. 414,802 420,027 2,637 109.98 

08/27/08 .................................................................. 427,108 432,054 2,527 109.72 

 

09/03/08 .................................................................. 426,579 430,636 2,534 108.18 

09/10/08 .................................................................. 451,295 452,551 2,684 107.86 

09/17/08 .................................................................. 382,063 387,629 2,741 104.71 

09/24/08 .................................................................. 389,166 392,787 2,662 106.03 

 

10/01/08 .................................................................. 384,427 386,643 2,881 106.06 

10/08/08 .................................................................. 393,429 397,678 3,085 99.73 

10/15/08 .................................................................. 384,522 387,978 2,742 101.47 

10/22/08 .................................................................. 382,081 385,793 2,908 98.63 

10/29/08 .................................................................. 386,310 388,470 2,989 97.48 

 

11/05/08 .................................................................. 382,229 384,211 2,749 98.95 

11/12/08 .................................................................. 372,682 376,978 2,990 95.54 

11/19/08 .................................................................. 372,567 375,593 2,892 96.75 

11/26/08 .................................................................. 332,477 336,149 3,308 95.46 

 

12/03/08 .................................................................. 361,131 364,740 3,080 93.25 

12/10/08 .................................................................. 313,791 316,310 2,342 92.94 

12/17/08 .................................................................. 325,864 330,318 3,229 87.84 

12/24/08 .................................................................. 273,736 278,154 3,180 90.68 

12/31/08 .................................................................. 295,748 300,266 3,279 90.79 

 
FOREIGN CURRENCY POSITIONS 

March 2009 

91

SECTION II.—Japanese Yen Positions, con. 

TABLE FCP-II-2.—Monthly Report of Major Market Participants 

[In billions of Japanese yen. Source: Office of International Monetary and Financial Policy] 

Spot, forward Options positions 

and future contracts 

Foreign currency 

denominated Calls Puts 

Report date 

Purchased 

(1) 

Sold 

(2) 

Assets 

(3) 

Liabilities 

(4) 

Bought

(5) 

Written 

(6) 

Bought 

(7) 

 Written 

 (8) 

Net delta

equivalent

(9) 

Exchange rate

(Japanese yen 

per U.S. dollar)

(10) 

 

2006 - Dec.................. 326,745 321,477 59,888 61,243 80,330 84,922 81,768 78,511 -1,538 119.0200 

2007 - Dec.................. 463,494 462,366 69,975 72,014 112,480 115,176 122,042 123,860 761 111.7100 

2008 - Jan .................. 490,030 488,827 71,259 73,463 107,544 112,513 120,372 116,450 1,499 106.7400 

Feb ................. 495,368 494,130 69,639 71,944 101,084 108,656 122,855 117,542 1,301 104.1900 

Mar ................. 443,854 446,334 72,918 75,250 97,540 104,402 120,219 115,041 1,795 99.8500 

Apr.................. 466,324 469,942 65,225 64,829 99,022 105,469 126,044 116,971 1,886 104.5300 

May................. 461,438 466,315 63,410 62,519 95,209 99,745 122,994 116,228 1,860 105.4600 

June................ 439,162 443,086 61,139 61,095 96,713 97,406 121,907 120,939 2,325 106.1700 

July ................. 441,716 446,651 60,836 61,555 88,992 83,603 108,585 111,919 2,760 108.1000 

Aug ................. 392,062 396,748 63,062 63,542 85,876 79,157 104,878 109,226 2,497 108.6900 

Sept................ 423,091 425,131 50,022 53,276 74,504 66,723 89,868 94,721 2,867 105.9400 

Oct.................. 412,583 415,910 56,997 55,756 73,233 63,856 86,630 93,689 2,791 98.2800 

Nov ................. 381,547 385,268 54,011 53,231 68,158 58,087 79,887 87,524 3,307 95.4600 

Dec ................. 323,332 327,005 56,606 55,822 64,185 54,758 75,507 81,983 3,295 90.7900 

 

TABLE FCP-II-3.—Quarterly Report of Large Market Participants 

[In billions of Japanese yen. Source: Office of International Monetary and Financial Policy] 

Spot, forward Options positions 

and future contracts 

Foreign currency 

denominated Calls Puts 

Report date 

Purchased 

(1) 

Sold 

(2) 

Assets 

(3) 

Liabilities

(4) 

Bought 

(5) 

Written 

(6) 

Bought 

(7) 

 Written 

 (8) 

Net delta 

equivalent 

(9) 

Exchange rate

(Japanese yen 

per U.S. dollar)

(10) 

 

2005 - Dec................... 8,359 8,965 7,360 3,943 462 469 929 501 -148 117.88 

2006 - Mar................... 9,571 10,001 10,039 6,016 817 n.a. 1,041 n.a. -78 117.48 

June ................. 8,718 8,903 7,932 4,224 1,061 n.a. 505 n.a. 198 114.51 

Sept.................. 8,643 9,325 6,821 3,439 n.a. n.a. 782 n.a. -57 117.99 

Dec................... 9,336 9,825 6,913 4,069 n.a. n.a. 1,001 n.a. -239 119.02 

2007 - Mar................... 4,623 5,036 6,174 2,904 910 n.a. 1,749 1,166 -325 117.56 

June ................. 4,408 5,575 7,442 3,064 n.a. n.a. 2,210 n.a. n.a. 123.39 

Sept.................. 5,039 6,234 6,558 2,808 1,170 518 1,005 587 n.a. 114.97 

Dec................... 4,816 5,798 6,497 3,070 761 711 988 896 38 111.71 

2008 - Mar................... 5,441 6,554 11,048 2,696 376 340 1,097 866 58 99.85 

June.................. 7,419 6,502 14,540 3,121 n.a. 364 1,027 549 18 106.17 

Sept.................. 6,210 6,531 12,792 3,175 338 356 1,032 516 13 105.94 

 
FOREIGN CURRENCY POSITIONS 

March 2009 

92 

SECTION III.—Swiss Franc Positions 

TABLE FCP-III-1.—Weekly Report of Major Market Participants 

[In millions of Swiss francs. Source: Office of International Monetary and Financial Policy] 

 

Spot, forward and future contracts 

Report date 

Purchased 

(1) 

Sold 

(2) 

Net options positions 

(3) 

Exchange 

rate (Swiss 

francs per 

U.S. dollar)

(4) 

 

07/09/08 .................................................................. 909,518 912,942 5,034 1.0301 

07/16/08 .................................................................. 956,480 961,463 5,450 1.0148 

07/23/08 .................................................................. 945,664 950,069 5,126 1.0372 

07/30/08 .................................................................. 984,538 989,975 5,376 1.0484 

 

08/06/08 .................................................................. 971,702 975,739 n.a. 1.0602 

08/13/08 .................................................................. 992,620 998,428 n.a. 1.0855 

08/20/08 .................................................................. 997,669 1,005,873 4,913 1.1008 

08/27/08 .................................................................. 1,026,016 1,033,517 4,426 1.1009 

 

09/03/08 .................................................................. 1,045,545 1,053,547 4,756 1.1055 

09/10/08 .................................................................. 1,097,185 1,100,484 2,268 1.1360 

09/17/08 .................................................................. 865,195 872,129 3,341 1.1208 

09/24/08 .................................................................. 841,059 844,977 4,387 1.0889 

 

10/01/08 .................................................................. 883,586 884,744 3,200 1.1209 

10/08/08 .................................................................. 900,125 903,661 3,460 1.1272 

10/15/08 .................................................................. 909,460 910,234 1,222 1.1346 

10/22/08 .................................................................. 921,676 924,984 1,182 1.1656 

10/29/08 .................................................................. 903,735 907,328 1,376 1.1371 

 

11/05/08 .................................................................. 895,349 894,256 392 1.1606 

11/12/08 .................................................................. 887,579 888,223 521 1.1790 

11/19/08 .................................................................. 889,482 888,491 -1,294 1.2103 

11/26/08 .................................................................. 775,535 776,780 -1,355 1.2064 

 

12/03/08 .................................................................. 867,127 868,053 -2,061 1.2142 

12/10/08 .................................................................. 866,076 867,047 n.a. 1.1949 

12/17/08 .................................................................. 745,495 743,722 -1,085 1.0852 

12/24/08 .................................................................. 673,497 672,165 -1,072 1.0788 

12/31/08 .................................................................. 642,442 640,373 -861 1.0673 

 
FOREIGN CURRENCY POSITIONS 

March 2009 

93

SECTION III.—Swiss Franc Positions, con. 

TABLE FCP-III-2.—Monthly Report of Major Market Participants 

[In millions of Swiss francs. Source: Office of International Monetary and Financial Policy] 

Spot, forward Options positions 

and future contracts 

Foreign currency 

denominated Calls Puts 

Report date 

Purchased 

(1) 

Sold 

(2) 

Assets 

(3) 

Liabilities 

(4) 

Bought 

(5) 

Written 

(6) 

Bought 

(7) 

Written 

(8) 

Net delta

equivalent

(9) 

Exchange rate

(Swiss francs per 

U.S. dollar) 

(10) 

 

2006 - Dec................... 603,056 627,243 79,535 75,067 132,261 124,219 155,127 164,475 n.a. 1.2195 

2007 - Dec................... 981,030 987,962 95,668 96,554 296,139 295,801 258,017 244,868 4,527 1.1329 

2008 - Jan ................... 1,183,779 1,190,500 94,103 93,353 298,632 296,744 271,835 261,703 6,042 1.0845 

Feb .................. 1,247,179 1,246,541 98,182 103,160 303,261 296,929 272,978 261,076 6,329 1.0435 

Mar .................. 1,023,038 1,024,562 89,945 94,181 312,854 311,534 279,277 264,442 4,678 0.9921 

Apr................... 1,066,288 1,070,771 90,352 95,096 321,797 313,672 288,797 276,183 9,454 1.0422 

May.................. 1,077,285 1,083,612 81,621 87,293 237,148 240,622 292,500 270,968 7,882 1.0426 

June................. 961,572 965,153 78,608 85,377 240,478 248,576 288,702 261,523 4,852 1.0202 

July .................. 1,023,986 1,028,303 81,469 84,695 236,083 228,418 256,053 248,205 4,984 1.0489 

Aug .................. 912,341 918,638 80,549 87,292 235,362 n.a. n.a. 241,288 3,827 1.1019 

Sept................. 932,559 935,518 63,284 64,874 220,343 n.a. n.a. 222,942 3,158 1.1189 

Oct................... 937,246 948,889 75,393 78,075 196,983 184,747 191,872 194,011 -1,471 1.1669 

Nov .................. 886,183 887,457 75,284 75,755 178,017 171,105 188,261 190,888 -2,266 1.2165 

Dec .................. 685,168 683,919 65,440 69,021 162,230 158,197 175,827 178,706 -1,352 1.0673 

 

TABLE FCP-III-3.—Quarterly Report of Large Market Participants 

[In millions of Swiss francs. Source: Office of International Monetary and Financial Policy] 

Options positions Spot, forward 

and future contracts 

Foreign currency 

denominated Calls Puts 

Report date 

Purchased 

(1) 

Sold 

(2) 

Assets 

(3) 

Liabilities

(4) 

Bought 

(5) 

Written 

(6) 

Bought 

(7) 

Written 

(8) 

Net delta 

equivalent 

(9) 

Exchange rate

(Swiss francs per 

U.S. dollar) 

(10) 

 

2005 - Dec................... 13,695 23,402 42,747 10,432 745 n.a. 689 517 82 1.3148 

2006 - Mar................... 19,986 28,587 41,674 11,025 n.a. n.a. 745 575 n.a. 1.3025 

June ................. 17,463 20,886 45,077 11,561 n.a. n.a. 623 479 n.a. 1.2247 

Sept.................. 16,524 23,319 44,741 11,124 n.a. n.a. 1,099 590 n.a. 1.2504 

Dec................... 19,099 26,282 46,317 11,031 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. 1.2195 

2007 - Mar................... 23,188 25,040 47,552 13,441 1,819 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. 1.2126 

June ................. 16,511 23,187 46,886 14,061 855 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. 1.224 

Sept.................. 20,823 24,139 46,837 13,612 2,422 n.a. 596 n.a. 136 1.1672 

Dec................... 15,134 20,077 46,339 10,338 584 283 535 324 -69 1.1329 

2008 - Mar................... 21,491 29,248 49,284 10,785 1,166 679 1,589 696 -16 0.9921 

June.................. 16,727 26,727 62,191 10,566 n.a. n.a. 2,031 n.a. -24 1.0202 

Sept.................. 15,914 28,874 62,698 12,101 n.a. n.a. 1,025 518 - 1.1189 

 
FOREIGN CURRENCY POSITIONS 

March 2009 

94 

SECTION IV.—Sterling Positions 

TABLE FCP-IV-1.—Weekly Report of Major Market Participants 

[In millions of pounds sterling. Source: Office of International Monetary and Financial Policy] 

 

Spot, forward and future contracts 

Report date 

Purchased 

(1) 

Sold 

(2) 

Net options positions 

(3) 

Exchange 

rate (U.S. 

dollars per 

pound) 

(4) 

 

07/09/08 .................................................................. 1,140,132 1,133,802 697 1.9812 

07/16/08 .................................................................. 1,168,710 1,165,979 1,265 1.9995 

07/23/08 .................................................................. 1,191,908 1,189,965 2,274 2.0021 

07/30/08 .................................................................. 1,218,653 1,209,927 2,090 1.9810 

 

08/06/08 .................................................................. 1,202,671 1,191,078 1,728 1.9479 

08/13/08 .................................................................. 1,303,419 1,291,700 1,464 1.8682 

08/20/08 .................................................................. 1,232,568 1,218,348 608 1.8603 

08/27/08 .................................................................. 1,243,362 1,226,769 635 1.8318 

 

09/03/08 .................................................................. 1,271,133 1,255,472 377 1.7795 

09/10/08 .................................................................. 1,374,085 1,359,060 -443 1.7547 

09/17/08 .................................................................. 1,170,684 1,161,230 -53 1.7895 

09/24/08 .................................................................. 1,150,411 1,147,325 1,361 1.8502 

 

10/01/08 .................................................................. 1,159,986 1,160,481 177 1.7804 

10/08/08 .................................................................. 1,242,053 1,252,501 31 1.7310 

10/15/08 .................................................................. 1,281,561 1,294,176 558 1.7432 

10/22/08 .................................................................. 1,298,510 1,307,541 439 1.6174 

10/29/08 .................................................................. 1,310,136 1,316,620 71 1.6298 

 

11/05/08 .................................................................. 1,259,363 1,268,493 524 1.6156 

11/12/08 .................................................................. 1,177,359 1,186,430 1,138 1.5012 

11/19/08 .................................................................. 1,186,243 1,194,288 1,610 1.5095 

11/26/08 .................................................................. 1,075,768 1,084,707 719 1.5218 

 

12/03/08 .................................................................. 1,179,362 1,190,664 -443 1.4783 

12/10/08 .................................................................. 1,099,673 1,110,567 -274 1.4830 

12/17/08 .................................................................. 1,058,085 1,073,014 179 1.5457 

12/24/08 .................................................................. 965,024 981,579 559 1.4673 

12/31/08 .................................................................. 957,371 972,208 304 1.4619 

 
FOREIGN CURRENCY POSITIONS 

March 2009 

95

SECTION IV.—Sterling Positions, con. 

TABLE FCP-IV-2.—Monthly Report of Major Market Participants 

[In millions of pounds sterling. Source: Office of International Monetary and Financial Policy] 

Spot, forward Options positions 

and future contracts 

Foreign currency 

denominated Calls Puts 

Report date 

Purchased 

(1) 

Sold 

(2) 

Assets 

(3) 

Liabilities 

(4) 

Bought 

(5) 

Written 

(6) 

Bought 

(7) 

Written 

(8) 

Net delta

equivalent

(9) 

Exchange rate 

(U.S. dollars 

per pound) 

(10) 

 

2006 - Dec................... 813,178 846,452 400,194 350,140 81,276 73,370 78,380 80,387 2,269 1.9586 

2007 - Dec................... 1,106,323 1,121,684 450,883 372,556 80,197 69,881 93,248 103,301 3,400 1.9843 

2008 - Jan ................... 1,220,025 1,231,394 463,681 374,928 76,989 66,042 110,200 119,264 1,464 1.9895 

Feb .................. 1,245,182 1,249,918 471,218 368,666 78,323 67,643 114,945 125,253 1,878 1.9864 

Mar .................. 1,173,412 1,179,272 474,291 375,421 80,102 69,629 124,441 139,517 1,339 1.9855 

Apr................... 1,201,518 1,207,229 506,423 359,458 82,412 67,934 123,659 139,813 -310 1.9847 

May.................. 1,246,155 1,248,506 479,557 332,747 84,379 68,920 111,410 126,483 -1,069 1.9793 

June................. 1,172,121 1,168,789 470,463 331,253 72,241 58,749 91,843 104,769 -473 1.9906 

July .................. 1,235,398 1,232,045 500,469 357,565 61,446 56,791 90,511 92,519 1,717 1.9806 

Aug .................. 1,120,945 1,110,838 500,540 356,382 62,263 57,625 89,851 92,063 2,331 1.8190 

Sept................. 1,203,071 1,205,290 429,030 285,669 60,457 56,424 77,712 84,192 653 1.7804 

Oct................... 1,356,523 1,365,196 448,584 319,184 61,870 58,802 76,430 79,670 678 1.6165 

Nov .................. 1,206,138 1,217,492 500,194 347,609 51,130 51,199 64,123 63,733 850 1.5348 

Dec .................. 975,940 995,931 495,444 342,452 44,891 43,251 51,977 53,230 631 1.4619 

 

TABLE FCP-IV-3.—Quarterly Report of Large Market Participants 

[In millions of pounds sterling. Source: Office of International Monetary and Financial Policy] 

Spot, forward Options positions 

and future contracts 

Foreign currency 

denominated Calls Puts 

Report date 

Purchased 

(1) 

Sold 

(2) 

Assets 

(3) 

Liabilities 

(4) 

Bought 

(5) 

Written 

(6) 

Bought 

(7) 

Written 

(8) 

Net delta 

equivalent 

(9) 

Exchange rate 

(U.S. dollars 

per pound) 

(10) 

 

2005 - Dec................... 23,489 37,615 50,161 23,561 408 359 n.a. n.a. -786 1.7188 

2006 - Mar................... 19,284 50,266 56,236 25,296 409 336 2,413 714 146 1.7393 

June ................. 26,222 46,526 60,738 26,947 394 336 2,559 667 182 1.8491 

Sept.................. 23,238 32,069 52,940 20,660 n.a. n.a. 2,244 722 176 1.8716 

Dec................... 23,342 31,721 53,158 18,843 n.a. n.a. 2,034 565 10 1.9586 

2007 - Mar................... 12,787 20,170 60,460 22,609 267 69 n.a. n.a. -441 1.9685 

June ................. 9,617 19,167 61,316 24,253 n.a. 60 n.a. n.a. n.a. 2.0063 

Sept.................. 10,145 20,745 75,325 30,537 154 n.a. 2,491 n.a. n.a. 2.0389 

Dec................... 11,365 22,642 76,423 26,918 139 159 3,733 n,a. -1,292 1.9843 

2008 - Mar................... 18,074 30,594 80,685 28,259 n.a. 90 1,956 883 -1,168 1.9855 

June.................. 17,970 31,267 94,886 26,549 n.a. 302 2,046 1,195 n.a. 1.9906 

Sept.................. 18,814 32,337 94,107 31,132 127 184 4,010 924 n.a. 1.7804 

 
FOREIGN CURRENCY POSITIONS 

March 2009 

96 

SECTION V.—U.S. Dollar Positions 

TABLE FCP-V-1.—Weekly Report of Major Market Participants 

[In millions of U.S. dollars. Source: Office of International Monetary and Financial Policy] 

 

Spot, forward and future contracts 

Report date 

Purchased 

(1) 

Sold 

(2) 

Net options positions 

(3) 

Exchange 

rate 

(4) 

 

07/09/08 ................................................................ 17,058,331 17,074,878 -485 n.a. 

07/16/08 ................................................................ 17,450,721 17,469,346 -4,045 n.a. 

07/23/08 ................................................................ 17,402,864 17,411,829 -3,659 n.a. 

07/30/08 ................................................................ 18,164,102 18,157,419 -790 n.a. 

 

08/06/08 ................................................................ 18,013,902 18,028,375 1,966 n.a. 

08/13/08 ................................................................ 18,386,126 18,388,516 1,876 n.a. 

08/20/08 ................................................................ 18,147,207 18,145,537 4,086 n.a. 

08/27/08 ................................................................ 18,752,292 18,756,348 1,666 n.a. 

 

09/03/08 ................................................................ 18,568,911 18,595,390 3,175 n.a. 

09/10/08 ................................................................ 19,264,034 19,328,267 8,820 n.a. 

09/17/08 ................................................................ 16,747,673 16,767,152 1,765 n.a. 

09/24/08 ................................................................ 16,926,195 16,960,138 -1,367 n.a. 

 

10/01/08 ................................................................ 16,918,240 16,941,694 927 n.a. 

10/08/08 ................................................................ 16,854,256 16,846,608 -4,543 n.a. 

10/15/08 ................................................................ 17,104,175 17,036,148 -1,415 n.a. 

10/22/08 ................................................................ 17,060,742 17,002,001 -574 n.a. 

10/29/08 ................................................................ 17,198,746 17,202,489 -3,196 n.a. 

 

11/05/08 ................................................................ 16,800,142 16,821,389 -185 n.a. 

11/12/08 ................................................................ 16,297,587 16,305,861 -8,510 n.a. 

11/19/08 ................................................................ 16,221,372 16,233,754 -10,214 n.a. 

11/26/08 ................................................................ 14,984,715 14,978,506 -6,749 n.a. 

 

12/03/08 ................................................................ 16,100,460 16,108,665 -849 n.a. 

12/10/08 ................................................................ 14,612,817 14,660,571 -13,775 n.a. 

12/17/08 ................................................................ 14,796,433 14,949,879 -1,892 n.a. 

12/24/08 ................................................................ 13,447,582 13,572,731 -3,961 n.a. 

12/31/08 ................................................................ 13,526,183 13,675,411 -5,697 n.a. 

 
FOREIGN CURRENCY POSITIONS 

March 2009 

97

SECTION V.—U.S. Dollar Positions, con. 

TABLE FCP-V-2.—Monthly Report of Major Market Participants 

[In millions of U.S. dollars. Source: Office of International Monetary and Financial Policy] 

Spot, forward Options positions 

and future contracts 

Foreign currency 

denominated Calls Puts 

Report date 

Purchased 

(1) 

Sold 

(2) 

Assets 

(3) 

Liabilities 

(4) 

Bought 

(5) 

Written 

(6) 

Bought 

(7) 

Written 

(8) 

Net delta 

equivalent 

(9) 

Exchange 

rate 

(10) 

 

2006 - Dec.............. 10,523,993 10,613,502 - - 1,877,190 1,921,370 2,004,037 2,251,079 -8,890 n.a.

2007 - Dec.............. 16,604,296 16,621,391 - - 2,665,228 2,579,678 2,534,065 n.a. 794 n.a.

2008 - Jan .............. 18,485,177 18,506,856 - - 2,713,748 2,515,460 2,553,416 n.a. -3,773 n.a.

Feb ............. 19,347,277 19,391,890 - - 3,566,916 2,868,568 2,622,890 n.a. 11,550 n.a.

Mar ............. 18,225,601 18,226,937 - - 2,797,478 2,527,739 2,632,024 n.a. 5,332 n.a.

Apr.............. 18,600,434 18,653,717 - - 2,736,978 2,700,906 2,651,712 n.a. n.a. n.a.

May............. 18,987,815 19,043,557 - - 3,287,386 3,803,175 3,285,883 6,608,679 12,071 n.a.

June............ 18,131,933 18,165,420 - - 3,200,841 3,290,251 3,322,983 6,668,912 8,027 n.a.

July ............. 18,974,207 18,984,029 - - 3,860,825 3,934,239 4,282,276 7,568,455 -3,425 n.a.

Aug ............. 16,998,976 17,015,504 - - 3,954,792 6,134,109 6,286,505 7,529,433 5,708 n.a.

Sept............ 17,880,214 17,888,232 - - 3,901,764 6,099,109 6,360,121 7,365,021 5,066 n.a.

Oct.............. 18,023,570 18,010,589 - - 3,639,554 3,715,441 4,001,058 3,962,748 996 n.a.

Nov ............. 16,897,006 16,899,403 - - 3,309,641 3,404,580 3,790,897 3,753,138 4,806 n.a.

Dec ............. 14,157,193 14,295,305 - - 3,216,341 3,311,971 3,750,439 3,700,270 -4,233 n.a.

 

TABLE FCP-V-3.—Quarterly Report of Large Market Participants 

[In millions of U.S. dollars. Source: Office of International Monetary and Financial Policy] 

Options positions Spot, forward 

and future contracts 

Foreign currency 

denominated Calls Puts 

Report date 

Purchased 

(1) 

Sold 

(2) 

Assets 

(3) 

Liabilities 

(4) 

Bought 

(5) 

Written 

(6) 

 Bought 

 (7) 

Written 

(8) 

Net delta 

equivalent 

(9) 

Exchange 

rate 

(10) 

 

2005 - Dec................... 419,932 398,823 - - 22,061 14,840 12,765 12,692 3,155 n.a. 

2006 - Mar................... 444,770 436,861 - - 21,312 18,906 18,612 20,083 2,115 n.a. 

June.................. 441,758 453,766 - - 16,802 19,028 16,754 17,785 954 n.a. 

Sept .................. 466,483 478,373 - - 25,157 32,393 20,992 26,372 4,174 n.a. 

Dec ................... 445,675 450,809 - - 25,301 38,520 17,570 23,098 -278 n.a. 

2007 - Mar................... 257,985 245,890 - - 33,632 23,046 17,873 20,639 122 n.a. 

June.................. 271,790 230,303 - - 36,519 32,361 21,051 n.a. 2,341 n.a. 

Sept .................. 283,902 268,604 - - 33,028 21,170 19,119 10,739 -1,325 n.a. 

Dec ................... 297,212 291,395 - - 29,007 22,828 13,464 10,454 2,111 n.a. 

2008 - Mar................... 384,255 382,695 - - 29,794 27,278 15,610 15,318 3,114 n.a. 

June.................. 340,324 342,590 - - 30,279 25,934 15,361 11,644 2,745 n.a. 

Sept .................. 347,122 328,592 - - 27,044 23,503 19,379 13,640 -108 n.a. 

 
FOREIGN CURRENCY POSITIONS 

March 2009 

98 

SECTION VI.—Euro Positions 

TABLE FCP-VI-1.—Weekly Report of Major Market Participants 

[In millions of euros. Source: Office of International Monetary and Financial Policy] 

 

Spot, forward and future contracts 

Report date 

Purchased 

(1) 

Sold 

(2) 

Net options positions 

(3) 

Exchange 

rate 

(Euros per 

U.S. dollar)

(4) 

 

07/09/08 ............................................................................. 4,214,517 4,110,285 7,214 0.6352 

07/16/08 ............................................................................. 4,305,963 4,206,081 6,543 0.6310 

07/23/08 ............................................................................. 4,276,810 4,177,857 5,464 0.6366 

07/30/08 ............................................................................. 4,457,183 4,368,957 3,999 0.6427 

 

08/06/08 ............................................................................. 4,396,092 4,307,828 6,931 0.6490 

08/13/08 ............................................................................. 4,528,388 4,444,347 6,902 0.6714 

08/20/08 ............................................................................. 4,556,240 4,469,099 8,350 0.6802 

08/27/08 ............................................................................. 4,770,207 4,692,264 8,433 0.6810 

 

09/03/08 ............................................................................. 4,710,165 4,634,602 7,462 0.6902 

09/10/08 ............................................................................. 4,893,921 4,813,895 5,870 0.7133 

09/17/08 ............................................................................. 4,267,569 4,195,538 4,756 0.7035 

09/24/08 ............................................................................. 4,316,597 4,226,857 2,583 0.6824 

 

10/01/08 ............................................................................. 4,363,095 4,293,458 3,832 0.7113 

10/08/08 ............................................................................. 4,410,407 4,341,551 -24 0.7310 

10/15/08 ............................................................................. 4,523,256 4,486,679 2,539 0.7371 

10/22/08 ............................................................................. 4,569,210 4,518,769 2,873 0.7791 

10/29/08 ............................................................................. 4,761,306 4,673,602 2,186 0.7782 

 

11/05/08 ............................................................................. 4,606,624 4,504,677 1,999 0.7669 

11/12/08 ............................................................................. 4,527,102 4,418,670 2,794 0.7963 

11/19/08 ............................................................................. 4,521,837 4,416,581 5,450 0.7940 

11/26/08 ............................................................................. 4,168,705 4,079,303 1,501 0.7795 

 

12/03/08 ............................................................................. 4,652,370 4,559,484 2,531 0.7893 

12/10/08 ............................................................................. 4,339,684 4,224,443 n.a. 0.7678 

12/17/08 ............................................................................. 4,299,787 4,201,991 3,186 0.6965 

12/24/08 ............................................................................. 3,871,157 3,785,724 4,269 0.7161 

12/31/08 ............................................................................. 3,812,241 3,725,174 3,393 0.7184 

 
FOREIGN CURRENCY POSITIONS 

March 2009 

99

SECTION VI.—Euro Positions, con. 

TABLE FCP-VI-2.—Monthly Report of Major Market Participants 

[In millions of euros. Source: Office of International Monetary and Financial Policy] 

Spot, forward Options positions 

and future contracts 

Foreign currency 

denominated Calls Puts 

Report date 

Purchased 

(1) 

Sold 

(2) 

Assets 

(3) 

Liabilities 

(4) 

Bought 

(5) 

Written 

(6) 

Bought

(7) 

Written 

(8) 

Net delta

equivalent

(9) 

Exchange 

rate 

(10) 

 

2006 - Dec................... 2,908,461 2,899,018 1,471,459 1,427,573 651,970 693,889 508,842 587,473 -14,933 0.7578 

2007 - Dec................... 4,057,077 4,029,716 1,995,834 1,941,086 590,115 584,307 558,711 557,451 3,580 0.6848 

2008 - Jan ................... 4,507,929 4,438,088 1,903,183 1,880,082 594,741 574,110 574,188 587,291 10,179 0.6738 

Feb .................. 4,702,185 4,642,890 1,992,369 1,960,485 591,100 594,740 604,782 624,269 2,606 0.6585 

Mar .................. 4,242,145 4,202,857 2,026,042 1,971,843 590,344 587,194 593,820 625,854 7,609 0.6327 

Apr................... 4,480,698 4,386,596 1,805,029 1,783,161 610,838 603,295 593,853 645,204 4,393 0.6423 

May.................. 4,578,782 4,466,296 1,721,464 1,714,719 568,784 565,827 590,647 639,306 4,569 0.6427 

June................. 4,303,139 4,237,361 1,616,625 1,628,034 608,851 615,710 601,216 643,773 6,264 0.635 

July .................. 4,522,842 4,439,793 1,631,461 1,651,507 622,705 618,268 576,367 602,236 5,726 0.6415 

Aug .................. 4,123,736 4,058,301 1,687,561 1,634,104 619,280 640,618 609,921 623,728 7,810 0.6817 

Sept................. 4,477,807 4,418,145 1,355,892 1,343,229 538,382 572,137 578,251 583,413 642 0.7102 

Oct................... 4,839,339 4,749,132 1,708,452 1,662,678 519,760 565,703 582,178 580,715 -639 0.7885 

Nov .................. 4,709,541 4,624,402 1,853,674 1,816,912 494,904 534,155 533,471 538,819 -832 0.7878 

Dec .................. 3,956,295 3,869,172 1,836,594 1,823,683 466,120 501,559 750,439 760,767 1,108 0.7184 

 

TABLE FCP-VI-3.—Quarterly Report of Large Market Participants 

[In millions of euros. Source: Office of International Monetary and Financial Policy] 

Spot, forward Options positions 

and future contracts 

Foreign currency 

denominated Calls Puts 

Report date 

Purchased 

(1) 

Sold 

(2) 

Assets 

(3) 

Liabilities

(4) 

Bought 

(5) 

Written 

(6) 

Bought 

(7) 

Written 

(8) 

Net delta

equivalent

(9) 

Exchange 

rate 

(10) 

 

2005 - Dec................... 117,211 137,716 198,507 129,312 11,011 7,622 7,232 6,209 -867 0.8445 

2006 - Mar................... 131,132 149,125 223,971 135,999 10,580 6,100 6,992 5,441 -1,532 0.8238 

June ................. 130,803 137,764 232,161 136,551 6,763 3,575 7,462 4,729 -934 0.7825 

Sept.................. 141,600 146,199 220,610 154,973 7,614 3,680 7,305 5,329 -2,956 0.7882 

Dec................... 126,039 132,907 207,774 150,191 8,664 2,967 7,494 4,987 -603 0.7578 

2007 - Mar................... 74,638 81,811 188,261 118,068 9,318 3,549 11,618 4,045 -611 0.7477 

June ................. 68,711 81,208 204,447 125,902 7,443 3,408 10,670 3,743 -1,051 0.7396 

Sept.................. 82,783 79,080 218,344 139,178 9,967 3,207 6,648 2,948 699 0.7033 

Dec................... 81,522 80,991 213,943 138,149 8,674 2,806 5,653 2,137 -1,362 0.6848 

2008 - Mar................... 126,180 91,977 262,397 157,462 8,362 5,988 8,821 7,976 1,039 0.6327 

June.................. 116,332 88,752 272,427 119,914 9,806 3,601 10,018 5,693 3,067 0.6350 

Sept.................. 87,960 94,583 246,486 113,016 10,431 5,295 8,896 9,632 1,653 0.7102 

 
March 2009 

100

INTRODUCTION: Exchange Stabilization Fund

To stabilize the exchange value of the dollar, the 

Exchange Stabilization Fund (ESF) was established pursuant 

to chapter 6, section 10 of the Gold Reserve Act of January 

30, 1934 (codified at 31 United States Code 5302), which 

authorized establishment of a Treasury fund to be operated 

under the exclusive control of the Secretary, with approval 

of the President. 

Subsequent amendment of the Gold Reserve Act 

modified the original purpose somewhat to reflect 

termination of the fixed exchange rate system. 

Resources of the fund include dollar balances, partially 

invested in U.S. Government securities, special drawing

rights (SDRs), and balances of foreign currencies. Principal 

sources of income (+) or loss (-) for the fund are profits (+) 

or losses (-) on SDRs and foreign exchange, as well as 

interest earned on assets. 

• Table ESF-1 presents the assets, liabilities, and 

capital of the fund. The figures are in U.S. dollars or their 

equivalents based on current exchange rates computed 

according to the accrual method of accounting. The capital 

account represents the original capital appropriated to the fund 

by Congress of $2 billion, minus a subsequent transfer of $1.8 

billion to pay for the initial U.S. quota subscription to the 

International Monetary Fund. Gains and losses are reflected in 

the cumulative net income (+) or loss (-) account. 

• Table ESF-2 shows the results of operations by 

quarter. Figures are in U.S. dollars or their equivalents 

computed according to the accrual method. “Profit (+) or 

loss (-) on foreign exchange” includes realized profits or 

losses. “Adjustment for change in valuation of SDR holdings 

and allocations” reflects net gain or loss on revaluation of 

SDR holdings and allocations for the quarter. 

TABLE ESF-1.—Balances as of June 30, 2008, and Sept. 30, 2008 

[In thousands of dollars. Source: Office of the Assistant Secretary of the Treasury for Management] 

Assets, liabilities, and capital June 30, 2008 

July 1, 2008, 

through 

Sept. 30, 2008 Sept. 30, 2008 

Assets 

U.S. dollars: 

Held with Treasury: 

Fund Balance................................................................... - 33,150 33,150 

U.S. Government securities............................................. 16,776,279 70,564 16,846,843 

Special drawing rights 1 ........................................................... 9,849,155 -431,614 9,417,541 

Foreign exchange and securities: 

European euro ..................................................................... 15,621,683 -1,492,820 14,128,863 

Japanese yen....................................................................... 8,981,822 38,135 9,019,957 

Accounts receivable................................................................. 238,166 257,986 496,152 

Total assets.......................................................................... 51,467,105 -1,524,599 49,942,506 

Liabilities and capital 

Current liabilities: 

Accounts payable................................................................. 39,362 -1,928 37,434 

Total current liabilities ...................................................... 39,362 -1,928 37,434 

Other liabilities: 

SDR certificates ................................................................... 2,200,000 - 2,200,000 

SDR allocations ................................................................... 8,003,970 -374,324 7,629,646 

Unearned revenue .............................................................. - 292,795 292,795 

Total other liabilities ......................................................... 10,203,970 -81,529 10,122,441 

Capital: 

Capital account .................................................................... 200,000 - 200,000 

Net income (+) or loss (-) (see table ESF-2) ....................... 41,023,773 -1,441,142 39,582,631 

Total capital...................................................................... 41,223,773 -1,441,142 39,782,631 

Total liabilities and capital............................................ 51,467,105 -1,524,599 49,942,506 

See footnote on the following page. 
EXCHANGE STABILIZATION FUND 

March 2009 

101

TABLE ESF-2.—Income and Expense 

[In thousands of dollars. Source: Office of the Assistant Secretary of the Treasury for Management] 

Current quarter 

July 1, 2008, 

through 

Sept. 30, 2008 

Fiscal year to date

Oct. 1, 2007, 

through 

Sept. 30, 2008 

Income and expense 

Profit (+) or loss (-) on: 

Foreign exchange ........................................................................ -1,659,730 532,397 

Adjustment for change in valuation 

 of SDR holdings and allocations 1 .............................................. -87,698 -2,418

Interest (+) or net charges (-) on: 

SDRs............................................................................................ 13,300 55,281 

U.S. Government securities......................................................... 80,534 459,247 

Foreign exchange ........................................................................ 167,407 647,136 

Insurance premiums .................................................................... 45,045 45,045 

Commissions ............................................................................... - -

Income from operations............................................................... -1,441,142 1,736,688 

Net income (+) or loss (-)............................................................. -1,441,142 1,736,688 

1

 Beginning July 1974, the International Monetary Fund adopted a technique for valuing the 

SDRs based on a weighted average of exchange rates for the currencies of selected 

member countries. The U.S. SDR holdings and allocations are valued on this basis 

beginning July 1974. 

Note.— Annual balance sheets for fiscal years 1934 through 1940 appeared in the 1940 

“Annual Report of the Secretary of the Treasury” and those for succeeding years 

appeared in subsequent reports through 1980. Quarterly balance sheets beginning with 

December 31, 1938, have been published in the “Treasury Bulletin.” Data from inception 

to September 30, 1978, may be found on the statements published in the January 1979 

“Treasury Bulletin.” 
Financial Report of the

United States Government

Excerpt

Trust Funds
March 2009 

105

INTRODUCTION: Financial Report of the United States Government

The following pages are excerpted from the 2008 

Financial Report of the United States Government (Financial 

Report). The report and accompanying information, prepared 

and published annually by the Financial Management Service, 

are modeled after corporate-type reports and are developed on 

an accrual basis of accounting. 

The excerpts represent some of the most noteworthy 

information contained in the Financial Report. Data for the 

Financial Report are compiled from Federal program agency 

accounting systems Governmentwide. Treasury also presents 

a management discussion and analysis, the customary notes 

to the financial statements, a section on stewardship 

information, and supplemental information in the complete 

document. 

The Government Accountability Office (GAO) is 

required by law to audit the Financial Report. GAO’s report, 

as well as the complete Financial Report, can be accessed 

easily through the internet at www.fms.treas.gov/fr. 
FINANCIAL REPORT OF THE UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT, EXCERPT

March 2009 

106

Financial Statements 

of the United States Government 

for the Years Ended September 30, 2008, 

and September 30, 2007 

Statements of Net Cost 

These statements present the net cost of fiscal years 2008 and 2007 Government1 operations, including the 

operations related to earmarked funds (funds financed by specifically identified revenues, often supplemented by 

other financing sources, which remain available over time). The Government’s fiscal year begins October 1 and 

ends September 30. Costs are categorized on the Statement of Net Cost by significant entity. Costs and earned 

revenues are generally presented by department on an accrual basis, while the budget presents costs and revenues by 

obligations and outlays, generally on a cash basis. In the Statements of Net Cost, the costs and earned revenues are 

divided between the corresponding departments and entities mentioned above, providing greater accountability by 

showing the relationship of the agencies’ net cost to the Governmentwide net cost. The focus of the budget of the 

United States is by agency. Budgets are prepared, defended, and monitored by agency. In reporting by agency, we 

are assisting the external users in assessing the budget integrity, operating performance, stewardship, and systems 

and control of the Government. 

These statements contain the following three components: 

• Gross cost—is the full cost of all the departments and entities. These costs are assigned on a cause-and-effect 

basis, or reasonably allocated to the corresponding departments and entities. 

• Earned revenue—is exchange revenue resulting from the Government providing goods and services to the public 

at a price. 

• Net cost—is computed by subtracting earned revenue from gross cost. 

Net cost for Governmentwide reporting purposes includes the General Services Administration (GSA) and the 

Office of Personnel Management (OPM) agency allocations, and is net of intragovernmental eliminations. For this 

reason, individual agency net cost amounts will not agree with the agency’s financial statements. Because of their 

specific functions, most of the costs originally associated with GSA and OPM have been allocated to the costs of 

their user agencies for Governmentwide reporting purposes. The remaining costs for GSA and OPM on the 

Statements of Net Cost are the administrative operating costs, the expenses from prior and past costs from health and 

pension plan amendments, and the actuarial gains and losses for these agencies. The interest on securities issued by 

the Department of the Treasury (Treasury) and held by the public is reported on Treasury’s financial statements, but 

because of its importance, and the dollar amounts, it is reported separately in these statements. 

Statements of Operations and Changes in Net Position 

These statements report the results of Government operations which include the results of earmarked fund 

operations. They include non-exchange revenues that are generated principally by the Government’s sovereign 

power to tax, levy duties, and assess fines and penalties. These statements also cover the cost of Government 

operations, net of revenue earned from the sale of goods and services to the public (exchange revenue). They further 

include certain adjustments and unreconciled transactions that affect the net position. 

 

1 For purposes of this document, “Government” refers to the United States Government. 
FINANCIAL REPORT OF THE UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT, EXCERPT 

March 2009 

107

Revenue 

Individual income tax and tax withholdings include Federal Insurance Contributions Act (FICA)/SelfEmployment Contributions Act (SECA) taxes and other taxes including payroll taxes. These taxes are characterized 

as non-exchange revenue. 

Excise taxes consist of taxes collected for various items, such as airline tickets, gasoline products, distilled 

spirits and imported liquor, tobacco, firearms, and others. These are also characterized as non-exchange revenue. 

Miscellaneous earned revenues consist of earned revenues received from the public with virtually no 

associated cost. Therefore, unlike other earned revenues on the Statement of Net Cost, miscellaneous earned 

revenues are not subtracted from gross cost to derive net cost. It also includes rents and royalties on the Outer 

Continental Shelf Lands resulting from the leasing and development of mineral resources on public lands. 

Earmarked revenues are required by statute to be used for designated activities, benefits or purposes and must 

be accounted for separately from the rest of the Government’s non-earmarked revenues. Refer to Note 21—

Earmarked Funds for detailed information. 

Intragovernmental interest represents interest earned from the investment of surplus earmarked revenues, 

which finance the deficit spending of non-earmarked operations. These investments are recorded as 

intragovernmental debt holdings and are included in Note 11, in the table titled Intragovernmental Debt Holdings: 

Federal Debt Securities Held as Investments by Government Accounts. These interest payments and the associated 

investments are eliminated in the consolidation process. 

Net Cost of Government Operations 

The net cost of Government operations (which is gross cost less earned revenue) flows through from the 

Statements of Net Cost. The net cost associated with earmarked activities is separately reported. 

Intragovernmental Transfers 

Intragovernmental transfers reflect amounts required by statute to be transferred from the General Fund of the 

Treasury to earmarked funds (An example of which is the annual transfer to the Department of Health and Human 

Services’(HHS) Supplementary Medical Insurance Trust Fund (Medicare Parts B and D) which receives sufficient 

funding from the General Fund to equal the annual costs incurred by these Medicare programs). Additionally, this 

line item includes contributions to earmarked funds made by Federal agencies on behalf of their employees, 

beneficiaries, or others. 

Unmatched Transactions and Balances 

Unmatched transactions and balances are adjustments needed to bring the change in net position into balance 

due to unreconciled intragovernmental differences, agency reporting errors, and timing differences in the 

consolidated financial statements. Refer to Note 1—Summary of Significant Accounting Policies and the 

Supplemental Information—Unmatched Transactions and Balances for detailed information. 

Net Position, Beginning of Period 

The net position, beginning of period, reflects the net position reported on the prior year’s balance sheet as of 

the end of that fiscal year. The net position for earmarked funds is shown separately. 

Prior period adjustments are revisions to adjust the beginning net position and balances presented on the prior 

year financial statements. Refer to Note 1B—Basis of Accounting and Revenue Recognition, and Note 18—Prior 

Period Adjustments for detailed information. 
FINANCIAL REPORT OF THE UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT, EXCERPT

March 2009 

108

Net Position, End of Period 

The net position, end-of-period, amount reflects the net position as of the end of the fiscal year. The net 

position for earmarked funds is shown separately. 

Reconciliations of Net Operating Cost and Unified Budget 

Deficit 

These statements reconcile the results of operations (net operating cost) on the Statements of Operations and 

Changes in Net Position to the unified budget deficit in the President’s budget. The premise of the reconciliation is 

that the accrual and budgetary accounting bases share transaction data. 

Receipts and outlays in the President’s budget are measured primarily on a cash basis and differ from the 

accrual basis of accounting used in the Financial Report. These statements begin with the net results of operations 

(net operating cost), where operating revenues are reported on a modified cash basis of accounting and the net cost 

of Government operations on an accrual basis of accounting and reports activities where the bases of accounting for 

the components of net operating cost and the unified budget deficit differed. 

Components of Net Operating Cost Not Part of the 

Budget Deficit 

This information includes the operating components, such as the changes in benefits payable for veterans, 

military and civilian employees, the environmental liabilities, and depreciation expense not included in the budget 

results. 

Components of the Budget Deficit Not Part of 

Net Operating Cost 

This information includes the budget components, such as capitalized fixed assets, changes in net inventory, 

and increases in other assets not included in the operating results. These items impact the balance sheet only and are 

not part of the operating results. 
FINANCIAL REPORT OF THE UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT, EXCERPT 

March 2009 

109

Statements of Changes in Cash Balance from Unified 

Budget and Other Activities 

The primary purpose of these statements is to report how the annual unified budget deficit relates to the change 

in the Government’s cash and other monetary assets and debt held by the public. It explains why the unified budget 

deficit normally would not result in an equivalent change in the Government’s cash and other monetary assets. 

These statements reconcile the unified budget deficit to the change in cash and other monetary assets during 

the fiscal year and explain how the budget deficits (fiscal years 2008 and 2007) were financed. A budget deficit is 

the result of outlays (expenditures) exceeding receipts (revenue) during a particular fiscal year. 

The budget deficit is typically financed through borrowings from the public. Other transactions also require 

cash disbursements and are not part of the repayments of the debt. These other transactions, such as the payment of 

interest on debt held by the public, contributed to the use of cash. These statements show the differences between 

accrual and cash budgetary basis, mainly because of timing differences in the financial statements.

Balance Sheets 

The balance sheets show the Government’s assets, liabilities, and net position. When combined with 

stewardship information, this information presents a more comprehensive understanding of the Government’s 

financial position. The net position for earmarked funds is shown separately. 

Assets 

Assets included on the balance sheets are resources of the Government that remain available to meet future 

needs. The most significant assets that are reported on the balance sheets are property, plant, and equipment; cash 

and other monetary assets; inventories; and loans receivable. There are, however, other significant resources 

available to the Government that extend beyond the assets presented in these financial statements. Those resources 

include stewardship assets, including natural resources, and the Government’s sovereign powers to tax, regulate 

commerce, set monetary policy and the power to print additional currency. 

Liabilities and Net Position 

Liabilities are obligations of the Government resulting from prior actions that will require financial resources. 

The most significant liabilities reported on the balance sheets are Federal debt securities held by the public and 

accrued interest and Federal employee and veteran benefits payable. Liabilities also include environmental and 

disposal liabilities and social insurance benefits due and payable as of the reporting date. 

As with reported assets, the Government’s responsibilities, policy commitments, and contingencies are much 

broader than these reported balance sheet liabilities. They include the social insurance programs in the Statements of 

Social Insurance and are disclosed in the Supplemental Information—Social Insurance section and a wide range of 

other programs under which the Government provides benefits and services to the people of this Nation, as well as 

certain future loss contingencies. 

The magnitude and complexity of social insurance programs, coupled with the extreme sensitivity of 

projections relating to the many assumptions of the programs, produce a wide range of possible results. Note 23—

Social Insurance describes the social insurance programs, reports long-range estimates that can be used to assess the 

financial condition of the programs, and explains some of the factors that impact the various programs. Using this 

information, readers can apply their own judgment as to the condition and sustainability of the individual programs. 
FINANCIAL REPORT OF THE UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT, EXCERPT

March 2009 

110

Each of the social insurance programs has an associated trust fund to account for its activity. The collection of 

earmarked taxes and other earmarked revenue is credited to the corresponding trust fund that will use these funds to 

meet a particular Government purpose. If the collections from taxes and other sources exceed the payments to the 

beneficiaries, the excess revenue is invested in Treasury securities or “loaned” to the Treasury’s General Fund; 

therefore, the trust fund balances do not represent cash. An explanation of the trust funds for social insurance and 

many of the other large trust funds is included in Note 21—Earmarked Funds. That note also contains information 

about trust fund receipts, disbursements, and assets. 

The Government has entered into contractual commitments requiring the future use of financial resources and 

has unresolved contingencies where existing conditions, situations, or circumstances create uncertainty about future 

losses. Commitments, as well as contingencies that do not meet the criteria for recognition as liabilities on the 

balance sheets, but for which there is at least a reasonable possibility that losses have been incurred, are disclosed in 

Note 19—Contingencies and Note 20—Commitments. 

Because of its sovereign power to tax and borrow, and the country’s wide economic base, the Government has 

unique access to financial resources through generating tax revenues and issuing Federal debt securities. This 

provides the Government with the ability to meet present obligations and those that are anticipated from future 

operations and are not reflected in net position. 

Statements of Social Insurance 

The Statements of Social Insurance provide estimates of the status of the most significant social insurance 

programs: Social Security, Medicare, Railroad Retirement, and Black Lung social insurance programs, which are 

administered by the Social Security Administration, HHS, the Railroad Retirement Board (RRB), and the 

Department of Labor, respectively. The estimates are actuarial present values2

 of the projections and are based on 

the economic and demographic assumptions representing the trustees’ best estimates as set forth in the relevant 

Social Security and Medicare trustees’ reports and in the relevant agency performance and accountability reports for 

the RRB and the Department of Labor (Black Lung).

 

2 Present values recognize that a dollar paid or collected in the future is worth less than a dollar today, because a dollar today could be invested 

and earn interest. To calculate a present value, future amounts are thus reduced using an assumed interest rate, and those reduced amounts are 

summed. 
FINANCIAL REPORT OF THE UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT, EXCERPT 

March 2009 

111

United States Government 

Statements of Net Cost 

for the Years Ended September 30, 2008, and September 30, 2007 

Gross 

Cost 

Earned 

Revenue 

Net 

Cost 

Gross 

Cost 

Earned 

Revenue 

Net 

Cost 

(In billions of dollars) 2008 2007 

 

Department of Defense ............................... 767.6 26.8 740.8 689.6 25.1 664.5 

Department of Health and Human 

Services............................................................ 769.1 56.4 712.7 718.6 51.8 666.8 

Social Security Administration..................... 663.9 0.3 663.6 626.4 0.3 626.1 

Department of Veterans Affairs ................... 434.6 4.2 430.4 63.1 3.7 59.4 

Interest on Treasury Securities held by 

the public................................................... 241.6 - 241.6 238.9 - 238.9 

Department of the Treasury......................... 197.0 12.4 184.6 86.9 6.3 80.6 

Department of Agriculture............................ 109.3 9.8 99.5 98.6 12.1 86.5 

Department of Transportation...................... 71.5 0.8 70.7 66.2 0.5 65.7 

Department of Education............................. 66.9 5.0 61.9 66.3 4.5 61.8 

Department of Labor.................................... 60.6 - 60.6 50.1 - 50.1 

Department of Housing and Urban 

Development............................................. 60.6 0.8 59.8 54.0 0.9 53.1 

Department of Homeland Security .............. 60.0 7.9 52.1 51.1 7.1 44.0 

Department of Energy ................................. 35.8 4.2 31.6 67.5 4.3 63.2 

Department of Justice.................................. 31.7 1.1 30.6 28.8 1.0 27.8 

Office of Personnel Management................ 39.5 16.0 23.5 36.2 15.5 20.7 

Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation ....... 24.3 1.7 22.6 1.7 0.9 0.8 

Department of the Interior............................ 23.4 2.1 21.3 18.6 2.0 16.6 

National Aeronautics and Space 

Administration ........................................... 20.4 0.2 20.2 16.3 0.1 16.2 

Department of State .................................... 22.1 2.6 19.5 18.4 3.4 15.0 

Railroad Retirement Board.......................... 20.7 4.2 16.5 15.7 10.3 5.4 

Department of Commerce ........................... 11.9 2.0 9.9 9.6 1.9 7.7 

Environmental Protection Agency ............... 10.1 0.5 9.6 10.0 0.4 9.6 

Agency for International Development ........ 9.1 (0.1) 9.2 9.7 0.3 9.4 

Federal Communications Commission........ 8.5 0.4 8.1 7.9 0.4 7.5 

National Science Foundation....................... 6.0 - 6.0 5.7 - 5.7 

Small Business Administration...................... 1.9 0.4 1.5 1.3 0.4 0.9 

Smithsonian Institution ................................ 0.9 - 0.9 0.7 - 0.7 

General Services Administration ................. 1.0 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.1 

U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission......... 1.2 0.8 0.4 1.0 0.6 0.4 

National Credit Union Administration........... 0.5 0.1 0.4 0.3 0.1 0.2 

Securities and Exchange Commission ........ 1.1 1.0 0.1 1.0 1.5 (0.5) 

Tennessee Valley Authority......................... 10.2 10.1 0.1 10.9 10.4 0.5 

Farm Credit System Insurance 

Corporation ............................................... - 0.2 (0.2) - 0.1 (0.1) 

Export-Import Bank of the United States..... 0.4 0.7 (0.3) 0.5 0.9 (0.4) 

Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation........ 2.3 3.5 (1.2) 1.5 6.1 (4.6) 

U.S. Postal Service...................................... 60.0 73.7 (13.7) 60.1 73.7 (13.6) 

All other entities .............................................. 45.9 0.6 45.3 23.5 0.7 22.8 

Total .......................................................... 3,891.6 250.9 3,640.7 3,157.3 247.8 2,909.5 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements. 
FINANCIAL REPORT OF THE UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT, EXCERPT

March 2009 

112

United States Government 

Statements of Operations and Changes in Net Position 

for the Years Ended September 30, 2008, and September 30, 2007 

(Restated-See Note 21) 

 

NonEarmarked

Funds 

Earmarked

Funds Consolidated 

NonEarmarked 

Funds 

Earmarked

Funds Consolidated

(In billions of dollars) 2008 2007 (Restated) 

 

Revenue: 

Individual income tax and tax withholdings ... 1,210.0 868.4 2,078.4 1,164.4 835.4 1,999.8 

Corporation income taxes ............................. 299.7 299.7 367.2 367.2 

Unemployment taxes .................................... 39.4 39.4 39.3 39.3 

Excise taxes.................................................. 15.3 51.8 67.1 13.9 53.6 67.5 

Estate and gift taxes ..................................... 28.8 28.8 26.0 26.0 

Customs duties ............................................. 27.3 27.3 18.2 18.2 

Other taxes and receipts............................... 50.7 34.3 85.0 44.4 35.2 79.6 

Miscellaneous earned revenues ................... 29.9 5.8 35.7 25.3 4.4 29.7 

Intragovernmental interest ............................ 201.0 201.0 192.7 192.7 

Total revenue ................................................ 1,661.7 1,200.7 2,862.4 1,659.4 1,160.6 2,820.0 

Eliminations................................................... (201.0) (192.7) 

Consolidated revenue ................................... 2,661.4 2,627.3 

 

Net Cost: 

Net cost......................................................... 2,186.4 1,454.3 3,640.7 1,653.1 1,256.4 2,909.5 

Intragovernmental interest ............................ 201.0 201.0 192.7 192.7 

Total net cost ................................................ 2,387.4 1,454.3 3,841.7 1,845.8 1,256.4 3,102.2 

Eliminations................................................... (201.0) (192.7) 

Consolidated net cost.................................... 3,640.7 2,909.5 

 

Intragovernmental transfers ......................... (338.0) 338.0 (290.6) 290.6 

 

Unmatched transactions and balances 

(Note 1) ........................................................ (29.8) (29.8) 6.7 6.7 

 

Net operating (cost)/revenue ........................ (1,093.5) 84.4 (1,009.1) (470.3) 194.8 (275.5) 

 

Net position, beginning of period................. (9,826.0) 620.2 (9,205.8) (9,340.7) 424.3 (8,916.4) 

Prior period adjustments – changes in 

accounting principles (Note 18).................. 11.4 - 11.4 (15.0) 1.1 (13.9) 

Net operating (cost)/revenue......................... (1,093.5) 84.4 (1,009.1) (470.3) 194.8 (275.5) 

Net position, end of period ........................... (10,908.1) 704.6 (10,203.5) (9,826.0) 620.2 (9,205.8) 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements. 
FINANCIAL REPORT OF THE UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT, EXCERPT 

March 2009 

113

United States Government 

Reconciliations of Net Operating Cost and Unified Budget Deficit 

for the Years Ended September 30, 2008, and September 30, 2007 

(In billions of dollars) 2008 2007 

Net Operating Cost .............................................................................................. (1,009.1) (275.5) 

Components of Net Operating Cost Not Part of the Budget Deficit: 

Increase in Liability for Military Employee Benefits (Note 12): 

Increase in military pension liabilities .................................................................. 125.3 61.7 

(Decrease) in military health liabilities ................................................................. (15.3) (1.3) 

(Decrease) in other military benefits.................................................................... (0.1) (0.1) 

Increase in liability for military employee benefits................................................ 109.9 60.3 

Increase (Decrease) in liability for veteran's compensation (Note 12): 

Increase (Decrease) in liabilities for veterans...................................................... 287.9 (26.8) 

Increase in liabilities for survivors........................................................................ 50.2 0.8 

Increase (Decrease) in liabilities for burial benefits ............................................. 0.9 (0.1) 

Increase (Decrease) in liability for veteran's compensation................................. 339.0 (26.1) 

Increase in liabilities for civilian employee benefits (Note 12): 

Increase in civilian pension liabilities................................................................... 68.5 37.3 

Increase in civilian health liabilities...................................................................... 30.2 16.4 

Increase in other civilian benefits ........................................................................ 2.2 2.2 

Increase in liabilities for civilian employee benefits ............................................. 100.9 55.9 

Increase in environmental and disposal liabilities (Note 13): 

Increase in Energy's environmental and disposal liabilities................................. 2.4 33.3 

(Decrease) Increase in all others' environmental and disposal liabilities.............. (1.6) 3.5 

Increase in environmental and disposal liabilities................................................ 0.8 36.8 

Depreciation expense ............................................................................................ 54.8 45.3 

Property, plant, and equipment disposals and revaluations .................................. 5.0 10.9 

Increase in benefits due and payable..................................................................... 10.7 4.4 

Increase (Decrease) in insurance program liabilities.............................................. 5.1 (0.1) 

Increase in other liabilities...................................................................................... 41.6 21.8 

Seigniorage and sale of gold ................................................................................. (0.7) (0.8) 

Increase in accounts payable................................................................................. 7.1 7.8 

(Increase) in net accounts and taxes receivable .................................................... (5.2) (19.0) 

(Increase) in Investments in Government Sponsored Enterprises ......................... (7.0) - 

Increase in Keepwell Payable ................................................................................ 13.8 - 

Components of the budget deficit that are not part of net operating cost: 

Capitalized Fixed Assets 

Department of Defense ....................................................................................... (71.6) (29.1) 

All Other Agencies............................................................................................... (34.8) (29.7) 

Total Capitalized Fixed Assets ......................................................................... (106.4) (58.8) 

(Increase) Decrease in net inventory ..................................................................... (12.5) 4.2 

Decrease (Increase) in Securities and Investments ............................................... 18.2 (12.9) 

(Increase) in other assets....................................................................................... (14.5) (10.0) 

Principal repayments of precredit reform loans ..................................................... 5.1 8.5 

All Other Reconciling items .................................................................................... (11.4) (15.5) 

Unified budget deficit.............................................................................................. (454.8) (162.8) 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements. 
FINANCIAL REPORT OF THE UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT, EXCERPT

March 2009 

114

United States Government 

Statements of Changes in Cash Balance from Unified Budget and Other Activities 

for the Years Ended September 30, 2008, and September 30, 2007 

(In billions of dollars) 2008 2007 

 

Unified budget deficit ......................................... (454.8) (162.8) 

 

Adjustments for noncash outlays included 

 in the budget: 

Interest accrued by Treasury on debt 

held by the public...................................... 209.0 

 

 189.4 

Subsidy expense (Note 4) ........................... (3.0) (9.3) 

Subtotal..................................................... 206.0 180.1 

 

Items affecting the cash balance not included

 in the Budget: 

Net Transactions from financing activity: 

Borrowings from the public.......................... 5,615.8 4,547.3 

Repayment of debt held by the public......... (4,853.1) (4,340.4) 

Agency securities ........................................ - (0.4) 

Subtotal..................................................... 762.7 206.5 

 

 

Net transactions from monetary and other 

 activity: 

Interest paid by Treasury on debt held by 

the public................................................... (213.3)

 (186.1)

Other............................................................ (4.1) (7.6) 

Subtotal..................................................... (217.4) (193.7) 

 

Cash and other monetary assets: (Note 2): 

Increase in cash and other monetary 

assets .....................................................

 

 296.5 

 

 30.1 

Balance beginning of period ..................... 128.0 97.9 

Balance end of period............................... 424.5 128.0 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements. 
FINANCIAL REPORT OF THE UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT, EXCERPT 

March 2009 

115

United States Government 

Balance Sheets 

as of September 30, 2008, and September 30, 2007 

(Restated-See Note 21) 

(In billions of dollars) 2008 

2007 

(Restated) 

Assets: 

Cash and other monetary assets (Note 2) ..................................... 424.5 128.0 

Accounts and taxes receivable, net (Note 3).................................. 93.0 87.8 

Loans receivable, net (Note 4) ....................................................... 263.4 231.9 

Inventories and related property, net (Note 5)................................ 289.6 277.1 

Property, plant, and equipment, net (Note 6) ................................. 737.7 691.1 

Securities and investments (Note 7) .............................................. 79.6 99.8 

Investments in Government sponsored enterprises (Note 8)......... 7.0 - 

Other assets (Note 9) ..................................................................... 79.9 65.4 

Total assets.................................................................................. 1,974.7 1,581.1 

Stewardship Land and Heritage Assets (Note 24) 

Liabilities: 

Accounts payable (Note 10) ........................................................... 73.3 66.2 

Federal debt securities held by the public and accrued interest 

(Note 11) ...................................................................................... 5,836.2 5,077.7 

Federal employee and veteran benefits payable (Note 12) ........... 5,318.9 4,769.1 

Environmental and disposal liabilities (Note 13)............................. 342.8 342.0 

Benefits due and payable (Note 14)............................................... 144.4 133.7 

Insurance program liabilities (Note 15)........................................... 77.8 72.7 

Loan guarantee liabilities (Note 4).................................................. 72.9 69.1 

Keepwell payable (Note 8) ............................................................. 13.8 - 

Other liabilities (Note 16)................................................................ 298.1 256.4 

Total liabilities .............................................................................. 12,178.2 10,786.9 

Contingencies (Note 19) and Commitments (Note 20) 

Net position: 

Earmarked funds (Note 21) (Restated) .......................................... 704.6 620.2 

Non-earmarked funds (Restated)................................................... (10,908.1) (9,826.0) 

Total net position....................................................................... (10,203.5) (9,205.8) 

Total liabilities and net position ................................................. 1,974.7 1,581.1 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements. 
FINANCIAL REPORT OF THE UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT, EXCERPT

March 2009 

116

United States Government 

Statements of Social Insurance (Note 23) 

Present Value of Long-Range (75 Years, except Black Lung) Actuarial Projections 

 ***UNAUDITED*** 

(In billions of dollars) 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004

Federal Old-Age, Survivors and Disability Insurance (Social Security): 14

Revenue (Contributions and Earmarked Taxes) from: 

Participants who have attained eligibility age (62 and over) ..... 542 477 533 464 41

Participants who have not attained eligibility age ................ 18,249 17,515 16,568 15,290 14,388

Future participants ..................................................................... 17,566 16,121 15,006 13,696 12,900

All current and future participants..................................... 36,357 34,113 32,107 29,450 27,699

Expenditures for Scheduled Future Benefits for: 

Participants who have attained eligibility age (62 and over) ..... (6,958) (6,329) (5,866) (5,395) (4,933)

Participants who have not attained eligibility age ................ (29,021) (27,928) (26,211) (23,942) (22,418)

Future participants ..................................................................... (6,933) (6,619) (6,480) (5,816) (5,578)

All current and future participants..................................... (42,911) (40,876) (38,557) (35,154) (32,928)

Present value of future expenditures in excess of future 

revenue ............................................................................ (6,555) 1 (6,763) 2 (6,449) 3 (5,704) 4 (5,229) 5

Federal Hospital Insurance (Medicare Part A): 14

Revenue (Contributions and Earmarked Taxes) from: 

Participants who have attained eligibility age (65 and over) ..... 202 178 192 162 14

Participants who have not attained eligibility age ................ 6,320 5,975 5,685 5,064 4,820

Future participants ..................................................................... 5,361 4,870 4,767 4,209 4,009

All current and future participants..................................... 11,883 11,023 10,644 9,435 8,976

Expenditures for Scheduled Future Benefits for: 

Participants who have attained eligibility age (65 and over) ..... (2,747) (2,558) (2,397) (2,179) (2,168)

Participants who have not attained eligibility age ................ (17,365) (15,639) (15,633) (12,668) (12,054)

Future participants ..................................................................... (4,506) (5,118) (3,904) (3,417) (3,246)

All current and future participants..................................... (24,619) (23,315) (21,934) (18,264) (17,468)

Present value of future expenditures in excess of future 

revenue ............................................................................ (12,736) 1 (12,292) 2 (11,290) 3 (8,829) 4 (8,492) 5

Federal Supplementary Medical Insurance (Medicare Part B): 14

Revenue (Premiums) from: 

Participants who have attained eligibility age (65 and over) ..... 46 43 40 363 33

Participants who have not attained eligibility age ................ 3,859 3,184 3,167 2,900 2,665

Future participants ..................................................................... 1,158 1,172 90 924 89

All current and future participants..................................... 5,478 4,789 4,481 4,187 3,889

Expenditures for Scheduled Future Benefits for: 

Participants who have attained eligibility age (65 and over) ..... (1,986) (1,834) (1,773) (1,622) (1,475)

Participants who have not attained eligibility age ................ (14,949) (12,130) (12,433) (11,541) (10,577)

Future participants ..................................................................... (4,262) (4,257) (3,407) (3,408) (3,277)

All current and future participants..................................... (21,197) (18,221) (17,613) (16,571) (15,329)

Present value of future expenditures in excess of future 

 revenue 6

.............................................................................. (15,719) 1 (13,432) 2 (13,131) 3 (12,384) 4 (11,440) 5

Totals may not equal the sum of components due to rounding. 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements. 
FINANCIAL REPORT OF THE UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT, EXCERPT 

March 2009 

117

United States Government 

Statements of Social Insurance (Note 23), continued 

Present Value of Long-Range (75 Years, except Black Lung) Actuarial Projections 

 ***UNAUDITED*** 

(In billions of dollars) 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004

Federal Supplementary Medical Insurance (Medicare Part D): 14

Revenue (Premiums and State Transfers) from: 

Participants who have attained eligibility age (65 and over) ..... 12 16 17 185 17

Participants who have not attained eligibility age ................ 1,380 1,627 1,700 1,790 1,857

Future participants ..................................................................... 60 61 49 572 61

All current and future participants..................................... 2,107 2,405 2,366 2,547 2,651

Expenditures for Scheduled Future Benefits for: 

Participants who have attained eligibility age (65 and over) ..... (581 (794 (792 (880) (773

Participants who have not attained eligibility age ................ (6,527) (7,273) (7,338) (7,913) (7,566)

Future participants ..................................................................... (2,856) (2,699) (2,121) (2,440) (2,431)

All current and future participants..................................... (9,964) (10,766) (10,250) (11,233) (10,770)

Present value of future expenditures in excess of future 

 revenue 6

.............................................................................. (7,857) 1 (8,361) 2 (7,884) 3 (8,686) 4 (8,119) 5

Railroad Retirement: 

Revenue (Contributions and Earmarked Taxes) from: 

Participants who have attained eligibility ........................... 5 5 5 4 4

Participants who have not attained eligibility ..................... 43 41 40 37 37

Future participants............................................................. 54 54 56 41 39

All current and future participants................................... 102 100 100 82 80

Expenditures for Scheduled Future Benefits for: 

Participants who have attained eligibility ........................... (97) (93) (92) (84) (81)

Participants who have not attained eligibility ..................... (88) (86) (84) (73) (72)

Future participants............................................................. (26) (26) (25) (16) (14)

All current and future participants................................... (212) (205) (201) (173) (167)

Present value of future expenditures in excess of 

 future revenue 7

................................................................... (109) 1 (105) 2 (101) 3 (91) 4 (87) 5

Black Lung (Part C): 

Present value of future revenue in excess of future 

expenditures 8 ...................................................................... 5 9 5 10 4 11 5 12 4 13

 

Total present value of future expenditures in excess 

of future revenue................................................................ (42,970) (40,948) (38,851) (35,689) (33,363)

Totals may not equal the sum of components due to rounding. 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements. 
FINANCIAL REPORT OF THE UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT, EXCERPT 

March 2009 

118

United States Government 

Statements of Social Insurance (Note 23), continued

Present Value of Long-Range (75 Years, except Black Lung) Actuarial Projections 

 ***UNAUDITED*** 

(In billions of dollars) 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004

Social Insurance Summary: 14

Participants who have attained eligibility age: 

Revenue (e.g., Contributions and earmarked taxes) ......... 1,333 1,260 1,312 1,178 1,071

Expenditures for scheduled future benefits ....................... (12,369) (11,608) (10,920) (10,160) (9,430)

Present value of future expenditures in excess of 

future revenue.............................................................. (11,036) (10,348) (9,608) (8,982) (8,359)

Participants who have not attained eligibility age: 

Revenue (e.g., Contributions and earmarked taxes) ......... 29,851 28,342 27,160 25,081 23,767

Expenditures for scheduled future benefits ....................... (67,950) (63,056) (61,696) (56,138) (52,686)

Present value of future expenditures in excess of 

future revenue.............................................................. (38,099) (34,714) (34,536) (31,057) (28,919)

Closed group – Total present value of future 

expenditures in excess of future revenue........................ (49,135) (45,062) (44,145) (40,039) (37,278)

Future participants: 

Revenue (e.g., Contributions and earmarked taxes) ......... 24,743 22,828 21,227 19,442 18,457

Expenditures for scheduled future benefits ....................... (18,578) (18,714) (15,933) (15,092) (14,542)

Present value of future revenue in excess of future 

expenditures ................................................................ 6,165 4,114 5,294 4,350 3,915 

 

Open group – Total present value of future 

expenditures in excess of future revenue........................ (42,970) (40,948) (38,851) (35,689) (33,363) 

 

1 The projection period is 1/1/2008 - 12/31/2082 and the valuation date is 1/1/2008. 2 The projection period is 1/1/2007 - 12/31/2081 and the valuation date is 1/1/2007. 3 The projection period is 1/1/2006 - 12/31/2080 and the valuation date is 1/1/2006. 4 The projection period is 1/1/2005 - 12/31/2079 and the valuation date is 1/1/2005. 5 The projection period is 1/1/2004 - 12/31/2078 and the valuation date is 1/1/2004. 6 These amounts represent the present value of the future transfers from the General Fund of the Treasury to the Supplementary Medical 

Insurance Trust Fund. These future intragovernmental transfers are included as income in both HHS’ and the Centers for Medicare & 

Medicaid Services’ Financial Reports but are not income from the Governmentwide perspective of this report. 7 These amounts approximate the present value of the future financial interchange and the future transfers from the General Fund of the 

Treasury to the Social Security Equivalent Benefit Account (see discussion of Railroad Retirement Program in the required supplemental 

information section of this report). They are included as income in the Railroad Retirement Financial Report but are not income from the 

Governmentwide perspective of this report. 

8 Does not include interest expense accruing on the outstanding debt.

9 The projection period is 9/30/2008 - 9/30/2040 and the valuation date is 9/30/2008. 10 The projection period is 9/30/2007 - 9/30/2040 and the valuation date is 9/30/2007. 11 The projection period is 9/30/2006 - 9/30/2040 and the valuation date is 9/30/2006. 12 The projection period is 9/30/2005 - 9/30/2040 and the valuation date is 9/30/2005. 13 The projection period is 9/30/2004 - 9/30/2040 and the valuation date is 9/30/2004. 14 Participants for the Social Security and Medicare programs are assumed to be the “closed group” of individuals who are at least age 15 

at the start of the projection period, and are participating as either taxpayers, beneficiaries, or both, except for the 2007 Medicare 

programs for which current participants are assumed to be at least 18 instead of 15 years of age. 

Totals may not equal the sum of components due to rounding. 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements. 
 TRUST FUNDS 

March 2009 

119

INTRODUCTION: Airport and Airway Trust Fund 

The Airport and Airway Trust Fund was established on 

the books of Treasury in fiscal year 1971, according to 

provisions of the Airport and Airway Revenue Act of 1970 

[49 United States Code 1742(a), repealed]. The Tax Equity 

and Fiscal Responsibility Act of 1982 (Public Law 97-248, 

dated September 3, 1982) reestablished the trust fund in the 

Internal Revenue Code (26 United States Code 9502) 

effective September 1, 1982. 

Treasury transfers from the general fund to the trust 

fund amounts equivalent to the taxes received from 

transportation of persons and property by air, gasoline and 

jet fuel used in commercial and noncommercial aircraft, 

and an international arrival and departure tax. The Omnibus 

Budget Reconciliation Act of 1990 (Public Law 101-508, 

dated November 5, 1990) increased rates for the excise 

taxes transferred to the fund. 

Treasury bases these transfers on estimates made by the 

Secretary of the Treasury. These are subject to adjustments 

in later transfers in the amount of actual tax receipts. 

The Taxpayer Relief Act of 1997 (Public Law 105-34), 

effective October 1, 1997, extended the aviation excise 

taxes for 10 years, until September 30, 2007. The Act 

included other provisions that: 

• Converted the 10 percent ad valorem tax on 

domestic passenger tickets to a combination of ad 

valorem/flight segment tax over 3 years, beginning October 

1, 1997. The tax is 7.5 percent, plus in calendar year 2008, 

a $3.50 tax per segment. 

• Retained the existing freight waybill and general 

aviation jet fuel/gas taxes. It also retained a special rule 

applied to flights between the continental United States and 

Alaska or Hawaii. The $6 departure tax is indexed to the 

Consumer Price Index. Effective calendar year 2008, the 

tax is $7.70. 

• Imposed a new 7.5 percent tax on payments to 

airlines for frequent flyer and similar awards by banks and 

credit card companies, merchants and frequent flyer 

program partners, such as other airlines, hotels and rental 

car companies, and other businesses. 

• Increased the $6 international departure tax to $12 

per passenger and added a $12 international arrival tax, 

indexed to the Consumer Price Index. Effective 2008, the 

tax is $15.40. 

• Lowered ticket tax rates on flights to certain rural 

airports to 7.5 percent without a flight segment tax 

component. 

• Transferred revenues from the 4.3 cents-per-gallon 

aviation fuel tax previously dedicated to reducing the 

national deficit from the general fund to the Airport and 

Airway Trust Fund. 

The aviation excise taxes were extended as part of a series 

of continuing resolutions (Public Laws 110-92, 110-116, 110-

137, and 110-149), the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 

2008 (Public Law 110-161), the Airport and Airway 

Extension Act of 2008 (Public Law 110-190), and the 

Federal Aviator Administration Extension Act of 2008 

(Public Laws 110-252 and 110-330). As of January 15, 

2009, the majority of the taxes (with the exception of the 

4.3 cents per gallon component of the fuel taxes) are 

scheduled to expire on March 31, 2009. 

When the provisions of 26 United States Code 9602(b) 

are met, amounts available in the trust fund exceed outlay 

requirements, Treasury invests excess amounts in public 

debt securities and credits the interest to the fund. 

Additional sums from the general fund also are credited as 

authorized and made available, by law, if they are needed to 

meet outlay requirements. 

Treasury makes available to the Federal Aviation 

Administration (FAA), Department of Transportation 

(DOT), amounts required for outlays to carry out the 

Airport and Airway program. The Secretary of the Treasury 

makes other charges to the trust fund to transfer certain 

refunds of taxes and certain outfits, under section 34 of the 

Internal Revenue Code (IRC). 

Annual reports to Congress, required by 26 U.S.C. 9602 

(a), are submitted by the Secretary of the Treasury, after 

consultation with the Secretary of Transportation. These 

reports are required to cover the financial condition and 

results of operations of the trust fund during the past fiscal 

year and those expected during the next 5 fiscal years. 
TRUST FUNDS 

March 2009 

120

TABLE TF-1.—Airport and Airway Trust Fund 

Results of Operations, Fiscal Year 2008 

[Source: DOT] 

Description IRC section (26 United States Code) Amount 

Balance Oct. 1, 2007 ................................................................................................................................................................................................ $10,102,406,572

Receipts: 

Excise taxes (transferred from general fund): 

Liquid fuel other than gasoline.............................................................. 4041............................................................................................ 585,533,000

Gasoline................................................................................................ 4081............................................................................................ 38,960,000

Transportation by airseats, berths, etc ................................................. 4261 (a) (b)................................................................................. 8,440,284,000

Use of international travel facilities....................................................... 4261 (c)....................................................................................... 2,462,375,000

Transportation of property, cargo ......................................................... 4271............................................................................................ 521,040,000

Gross excise taxes ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 12,048,192,000

Less refunds of taxes (reimbursed to general fund): 

Liquid fuel other than gasoline.................................................................. 4041............................................................................................ 49,256,000

Gasoline................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 6,701,000

Total refunds of taxes ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 55,957,000

Net taxes........................................................................................................................................................................................................... 11,992,235,000

Interest on investments......................................................................................................................................................................................... 432,647,540

Total receipts .................................................................................................................................................................................................... 12,424,882,540

Offsetting collections................................................................................................................................................................................................. 113,675,519

Expenses: 

Operations ............................................................................................................................................................................................................ 6,397,060,900

Grants in aid.......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 3,808,316,523

Facilities and equipment....................................................................................................................................................................................... 2,457,604,755

Research, engineering, and development............................................................................................................................................................ 118,568,179

Air carriers............................................................................................................................................................................................................. 40,594,331

Total expenses.................................................................................................................................................................................................. 12,822,144,688

Offsetting collections................................................................................................................................................................................................. 113,675,519

Balance Sept. 30, 2008 ............................................................................................................................................................................................ $9,705,144,424

 

Airport and Airway Trust Fund 

Expected Condition and Results of Operations, Fiscal Years 2009-2013 

[In millions of dollars. Source: DOT] 

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Balance Oct. 1 ............................................................................ 9,705 8,659 7,938 7,683 7,952

Receipts: 

Excise taxes, net of refunds.................................................... 11,364 11,917 12,758 13,614 14,240

Interest on investments........................................................... 376 271 268 307 348

Offsetting collections............................................................... 166 - - - -

Total receipts ...................................................................... 11,906 12,188 13,026 13,921 14,588

Expenses: 

Gross Outlays ......................................................................... 12,952 12,909 13,281 13,652 13,918

Balance Sept. 30......................................................................... 8,659 7,938 7,683 7,952 8,622

 

* There may be slight differences in the reported figures due to rounding. 
TRUST FUNDS 

 March 2009 

121

INTRODUCTION: Uranium Enrichment 

Decontamination and Decommissioning (D&D) Fund 

The Uranium Enrichment D&D Fund was established on 

the books of the Treasury in fiscal year 1993, according to 

provisions of the Energy Policy Act of 1992 (42 United 

States Code 2297g). Receipts represent (1) fees collected 

from domestic public utilities based on their pro rata share of 

purchases of separative work units from the Department of 

Energy (DOE) and (2) appropriations toward the 

Government contribution based on the balance of separative 

work unit purchases. 

Expenditures from the fund are for the purpose of (1) 

decontamination and decommissioning of the three gaseous 

diffusion plants, (2) remedial actions and related 

environmental restoration costs at the gaseous diffusion 

plants, and (3) reimbursement to uranium/thorium producers 

for the costs of decontamination, decommissioning, 

reclamation, and remedial action of uranium/thorium sites 

that are incident to sales to the U.S. Government. 

Amounts available in the fund exceeding current needs 

may be invested by the Secretary of the Treasury in 

obligations of the United States (1) having maturities 

congruent with the needs of the fund and (2) bearing interest 

at rates determined appropriate, taking into consideration the 

current average market yield on outstanding marketable 

obligations of the United States with remaining periods to 

maturity comparable to these investments. 

The Secretary of the Treasury is required by 42 United 

States Code 2297g(b)(1) to provide an annual report to 

Congress, after consultation with the Secretary of Energy. 

This report must present the financial condition and the 

results of operations of the fund during the preceding fiscal 

year. 

The Energy Policy Act of 1992 (42 United States Code 

2297g-1, as amended) authorized funding to ensure annual 

deposits to the fund of $518.2 million before adjustments for 

inflations. This amount would consist of $369.6 million in 

Government deposits and $148.6 million from domestic 

public utility assessments. The assessments were to continue 

for 15 years from fiscal years 1993 through 2007. The 

utilities completed their contribution requirements with the 

fiscal year 2007 assessment. Government contributions 

through fiscal year 2007, however, were approximately 

$918.6 million less than authorized by the Energy Policy 

Act. Through fiscal year 2007, the total Government 

contribution amount authorized by the Act was $6,281.0 

million, but Government contributions totaled only $5,362.4 

million. The ability of the D&D Fund to fulfill its 

responsibilities is contingent upon the receipt of these 

contributions. Therefore, the Department will continue to 

ask Congress for annual Government contributions until the 

Government’s obligation has been met. For fiscal year 2008, 

Congress appropriated $463.0 million but a budget 

rescission reduced the payment to $458.8 million. After 

adjusting the $918.6 million funding shortfall for inflation 

and then subtracting the $458.8 million of fiscal year 2008 

contributions, the shortfall stands at $477.9 million at the 

end of fiscal year 2008. 
TRUST FUNDS 

March 2009 

122

TABLE TF-2.—Uranium Enrichment Decontamination and Decommissioning Fund 

Results of Operations, Fiscal Year 2008 

[Source: DOE] 

Balance Oct. 1, 2007 ................................................................................................................................................................................. $1,496,714

Receipts: 

Fees collected........................................................................................................................................................................................ 458,786,700

Penalties collected ................................................................................................................................................................................. -

Interest on investments.......................................................................................................................................................................... 191,844,302

Total receipts...................................................................................................................................................................................... 650,631,002

Outlays: 

DOE, decontamination and decommissioning activities........................................................................................................................ 557,686,138

Cost of investments................................................................................................................................................................................ 90,028,050

Total outlays....................................................................................................................................................................................... 647,714,188

Balance Sept. 30, 2008.............................................................................................................................................................................. $4,413,528

Uranium Enrichment Decontamination and Decommissioning Fund 

Expected Condition and Results of Operations, Fiscal Years 2009-2013 

[In thousands of dollars. Source: DOE] 

 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Balance Oct. 1 ......................................................................... 4,414 1 1 1 1

Receipts: 

 

Fees collected...................................................................... 463,000 41,700 - - -

Interest collected.................................................................. 187,876 173,995 160,076 146,537 131,753

Total receipts ................................................................... 650,876 215,695 160,076 146,537 131,753

Outlays: 

 

DOE, decontamination and decommissioning fund ............ 606,387 567,310 512,660 489,491 506,246

Costs of investments ........................................................... 48,902 -351,615 -352,584 -342,954 -374,493

Total outlays..................................................................... 655,289 215,695 160,076 146,537 131,753

Balance Sept. 30...................................................................... 1 1 1 1 1
 

March 2009 

123

INTRODUCTION: Black Lung Disability Trust Fund 

Paragraph added since December 2008

The Black Lung Disability Trust Fund was established 

on the books of the Treasury in fiscal year 1978 according to 

the Black Lung Benefits Revenue Act of 1977 (Public Law 

95-227). The Black Lung Benefits Revenue Act of 1981 

(Public Law 97-119) reestablished the fund in the Internal 

Revenue Code (IRC), 26 United States Code 9501. 

The Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 

1985 (Public Law 99-272), enacted April 7, 1986, provided 

for an increase in the coal tax rates effective April 1, 1986, 

through December 31, 1995, and a 5-year forgiveness of 

interest retroactive to October 1, 1985. The 5-year 

moratorium on interest payments ended on September 30, 

1990. Payment of interest on advances resumed in fiscal 

year 1991. The Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1987 

(Public Law 100-203, title X, section 10503), signed 

December 22, 1987, extends the temporary increase in the 

coal tax through December 31, 2013. 

The Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008 

(Public Law 110-343, title I, subtitle B, section 113), enacted 

October 3, 2008, restructured the Trust Fund Debt by 1) 

refinancing the outstanding principal of the repayable 

advances and unpaid interest on such advances and 2) 

providing a one time Appropriation to the Trust Fund in an 

amount sufficient to pay to the general fund of the Treasury 

the difference between the market value of the outstanding 

repayable advances, plus accrued interest and the proceeds 

from the obligations issued by the Trust Fund to the 

Secretary of the Treasury. The Act also extends the 

temporary increase in the coal tax through December 31, 

2018, and allows the prepayment of the Trust Fund debt 

prior to the maturity date. 

The Code designates the following receipts to be 

appropriated and transferred from the general fund of the 

Treasury to the trust fund: excise taxes on coal sold; taxable 

expenditures of self-dealing by, and excess contributions to, 

private black lung benefit trusts; reimbursements by 

responsible mine operators; and related fines, penalties and 

interest charges. 

Estimates made by the Secretary of the Treasury 

determine monthly transfers of amounts for excise taxes to 

the trust fund subject to adjustments in later transfers to 

actual tax receipts. 

After retirement of the current indebtedness, amounts 

available in the fund exceeding current expenditure 

requirements will be invested by the Secretary of the 

Treasury in interest-bearing public debt securities. Any 

interest earned will be credited to the fund. Also credited, if 

necessary, will be repayable advances from the general fund 

to meet outlay requirements exceeding available revenues. 

To carry out the program, amounts are made available to 

the Department of Labor (DOL). Also charged to the fund 

are administrative expenses incurred by the Department of 

Health and Human Services (HHS) and the Treasury, 

repayments of advances from the general fund and interest 

on advances. 

The Code requires the Secretary of the Treasury to 

submit an annual report to Congress after consultation with 

the Secretary of Labor and the Secretary of HHS [26 United 

States Code 9602(a)]. The report must present the financial 

condition and results of operations of the fund during the 

past fiscal year and the expected condition and operations of 

the fund during the next 5 fiscal years. 
TRUST FUNDS 

March 2009 

124

TABLE TF-3.—Black Lung Disability Trust Fund 

Results of Operations, Fiscal Year 2008 

[Source: DOL] 

Balance Oct. 1, 2007*.......................................................................................................................................................................................... $39,828,060

Receipts: 

Excise taxes (transferred from general fund): 

$1.10 tax on underground coal .................................................................................................................................................................... 302,302,000

$0.55 tax on surface coal............................................................................................................................................................................. 167,524,000

4.4 percent tax on underground coal........................................................................................................................................................... 21,311,000

4.4 percent tax on surface coal.................................................................................................................................................................... 162,044,000

Fines, penalties, and interest....................................................................................................................................................................... 520,796

Collection—responsible mine operators...................................................................................................................................................... 4,492,218

Recovery of prior year funds........................................................................................................................................................................ -

Repayable advances from the general fund................................................................................................................................................ 426,000,000

Total receipts............................................................................................................................................................................................ 1,084,194,014

Net receipts .............................................................................................................................................................................................. 1,084,194,014

Outlays: 

Treasury administrative expenses................................................................................................................................................................... 376,000

Salaries and expenses—DOL—departmental management .......................................................................................................................... 24,785,000

Salaries and expenses—DOL—Office of Inspector General .......................................................................................................................... 335,000

Salaries and expenses—DOL—Employment Standards Administration........................................................................................................ 32,761,000

Total outlays................................................................................................................................................................................................. 58,257,000

Expenses: 

Program expenses—DOL................................................................................................................................................................................ 273,231,899

Interest on repayable advances....................................................................................................................................................................... 739,469,089

Total expenses............................................................................................................................................................................................. 1,012,700,988

Balance Sept. 30, 2008 ........................................................................................................................................................................................ 53,064,086

Cumulative debt, end of year ............................................................................................................................................................................... $10,430,492,795

 

* Previous balance of $39,863,024 was submitted in error. The correct beginning balance is 

$39,828,060. 

Black Lung Disability Trust Fund 

Expected Condition and Results of Operations, Fiscal Years 2009-2013 

 [In thousands of dollars. Source: DOL] Entire table revised since December 2008

 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Balance Oct. 1 ........................................................................................ 53,064 53,064 58,507 53,064 53,064

Receipts: 

Excise taxes....................................................................................... 371,000 670,000 678,000 687,000 691,000

Advances from the general fund........................................................ 282,144 - 5,667 20,854 26,394

One time appropriation*..................................................................... 6,497,989 - - - - 

Fines, penalties, and interest............................................................. 2,000 2,000 2,000 2,000 2,000

Total receipts ................................................................................. 7,153,133 672,000 685,667 709,854 719,394

Outlays: 

Benefit payments ............................................................................... 255,317 241,379 227,900 214,112 200,632

Administrative expenses.................................................................... 57,683 60,421 62,305 64,256 66,323

Interest on repayable advances ........................................................ - - - - -

Repayment of principal debt.............................................................. 6,835,461 353,424 379,286 394,287 396,403

Interest on principal debt ................................................................... 4,672 11,333 21,619 37,199 56,036

Total outlays................................................................................... 7,153,133 666,557 691,110 709,854 719,394

Balance Sept. 30.................................................................................... 53,064 58,507 53,064 53,064 53,064

Cumulative debt, end of year................................................................. 6,158,245 5,804,821 5,425,535 5,031,248 4,634,845

 

Note.—Detail may not add to totals due to rounding. * One time appropriation for the repayment of outstanding debt. 
TRUST FUNDS 

 March 2009 

125

INTRODUCTION: Harbor Maintenance Trust Fund 

The Harbor Maintenance Trust Fund was established on 

the books of the Treasury on April 1, 1987, according to the 

Water Resources Development Act of 1986 (Public Law 99-

662, November 17, 1986) (26 United States Code 9505). 

Amounts in the Harbor Maintenance Trust Fund are 

available as provided by appropriation acts for making 

expenditures to carry out section 210(a) of the Water 

Resources Development Act of 1986. The appropriations act 

for the Department of Transportation (DOT) for fiscal year 

1995 (Public Law 103-331, September 28, 1994), section 

339, waived collection of charges or tolls on the Saint 

Lawrence Seaway in accordance with section 13(b) of the 

Act of May 13, 1954 (as in effect on April 1, 1987). 

Legislation was passed in the North American Free Trade 

Agreement Implementation Act (Public Law 103-182, 

section 683), which amends paragraph (3) of section 9505(c) 

of the IRC of 1986, to authorize payment of up to $5 million 

annually to Treasury for all expenses of administration 

incurred by the Treasury, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers 

and the Department of Commerce (Commerce) related to the 

administration of subchapter A of chapter 36 (relating to 

harbor maintenance tax). Section 201 of the Water 

Resources Development Act of 1996 (Public Law 104-303) 

authorizes use of the Harbor Maintenance Trust Fund for 

construction of dredged material disposal facilities 

associated with the operation and maintenance of Federal 

navigation projects for commercial navigation. 

A summary judgment issued October 25, 1995, by the 

United States Court of International Trade in the case United 

States Shoe Corp. v. United States (Court No. 94-11-00668) 

found the Harbor Maintenance fee unconstitutional under the 

Export Clause of the Constitution (Article I, section 9, clause 

5) and enjoined the Customs Service from collecting the fee. 

The decision was affirmed by the Supreme Court on 

March 31, 1998 (118 Supreme Court 1290). With the tax on 

exports no longer collected, revenues have been reduced by 

approximately 30 percent. 

The Code requires the Secretary of the Treasury to 

submit an annual report to Congress [26 United States Code 

9602(a)]. The report must present the financial condition and 

results of operations of the fund during the past fiscal year 

and the expected condition and operations of the fund during 

the next 5 fiscal years. 

TABLE TF-4.—Harbor Maintenance Trust Fund 

Results of Operations, Fiscal Year 2008 

[Source: Department of the Army Corps of Engineers] 

Balance Oct. 1, 2007 ............................................................................................................................................................................................................ $3,840,926,593 

Receipts: 

Excise taxes: 

Imports .......................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 1,087,507,643 

Exports.......................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 110,051 

Domestic ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 102,865,968 

Passengers ................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 11,560,345 

Foreign trade................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 265,188,994 

Interest on investments................................................................................................................................................................................................. 127,329,818 

Total receipts ............................................................................................................................................................................................................ 1,594,562,819 

Expenses: 

Corps of Engineers ........................................................................................................................................................................................................... 766,000,000 

Saint Lawrence Seaway Development Corporation/DOT................................................................................................................................................ 17,392,000 

Administrative cost for Department of Homeland Security (Customs)............................................................................................................................. 3,093,000 

Operating expenses, miscellaneous returns .................................................................................................................................................................... - 

Total expenses.............................................................................................................................................................................................................. 786,485,000 

Balance Sept. 30, 2008 ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ $4,649,004,412 
TRUST FUNDS 

March 2009 

126

Harbor Maintenance Trust Fund 

Expected Condition and Results of Operations, Fiscal Years 2009-2013* 

[In millions of dollars. Source: Department of the Army Corps of Engineers] 

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Balance Oct. 1 ..................................................................................................... 4,649.0 5,115.0 5,324.0 6,313.0 7,625.0

Receipts: 

Harbor maintenance fee .................................................................................. 1,164.0 1,276.0 1,553.0 1,831.0 1,984.0

Interest on investments.................................................................................... 133.0 178.0 269.0 339.0 474.0

Total receipts ............................................................................................... 1,297.0 1,454.0 1,822.0 2,170.0 2,458.0

Outlays: 

Harbor Maintenance Trust Fund, legislative proposal 

not subject to paygo..................................................................................... -----

Corps of Engineers operation, maintenance, 

and administrative expenses ....................................................................... 803.0 1,217.0 800.0 825.0 850.0

Corps of Engineers construction ..................................................................... -----

Saint Lawrence Seaway Development Corporation/DOT............................... 17.0 17.0 22.0 22.0 23.0

Administrative expenses for Department of Homeland Security 

(Customs Service).................................................................................................... 11.0 11.0 11.0 11.0 11.0

Total outlays................................................................................................. 831.0 1,245.0 833.0 858.0 884.0

Balance Sept. 30.................................................................................................. 5,115.0 5,324.0 6,313.0 7,625.0 9,199.0

* Outyear projections are for planning purposes and are based on economic conditions and 

agencies’ best projections of revenues and expenses. 
TRUST FUNDS 

 March 2009 

127

INTRODUCTION: Hazardous Substance Superfund 

The Hazardous Substance Response Trust Fund was 

established on the books of the Treasury in fiscal year 1981, 

in accordance with section 221 of the Hazardous Substance 

Response Revenue Act of 1980 [42 United States Code 

9631(a), repealed]. The trust fund was renamed the 

Hazardous Substance Superfund (Superfund) and relocated 

in accordance with section 517 of the Superfund 

Amendments and Reauthorization Act of 1986 [Public Law 

99-499, dated October 17, 1986 (26 United States Code 

9507)]. 

The authority to collect excise taxes on petroleum and 

chemicals, and an environmental tax for all corporations 

with modified alternative taxable income in excess of $2 

million, expired in 1995. To implement the Superfund 

program, amounts are appropriated from the Superfund to 

the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) for 

programmatic and administrative expenses. 

An annual report to Congress by the Secretary of 

Treasury is required by 26 United States Code 9602(a). 

These reports present the financial condition of the 

Superfund and the results of operation for the past fiscal 

year, and its expected condition during the next 5 fiscal 

years. 

TABLE TF-5.—Hazardous Substance Superfund 1, 2

Results of Operations, Fiscal Year 2008 

[Source: EPA] 

Balance Oct. 1, 2007 ...................................................................................................................................................................................... $273,300,000

Receipts: 

Crude and petroleum .................................................................................................................................................................................. -

Certain chemicals........................................................................................................................................................................................ -

Corporate environmental ............................................................................................................................................................................ -

General fund appropriation ......................................................................................................................................................................... 985,000,000

Cost recoveries ........................................................................................................................................................................................... 90,000,000

Fines and penalties..................................................................................................................................................................................... 3,000,000

Interest on investments............................................................................................................................................................................... 86,000,000

Offsetting collections................................................................................................................................................................................... -

Agency for Toxic Substance and Disease Registry offsetting collections.................................................................................................. -

Total receipts........................................................................................................................................................................................... 1,164,000,000

Expenses: 

EPA expense .............................................................................................................................................................................................. 1,254,000,000

Other expenses........................................................................................................................................................................................... 50,450,000

Total expenses........................................................................................................................................................................................ 1,304,450,000

Balance Sept. 30, 2008................................................................................................................................................................................... $132,850,000

1

 Reporting in this Superfund Trust Fund table is consistent with previously reported 

presentations. However, the structure of this table may not accurately reflect the status of 

this trust fund. As a result, this table may be revised in future reports and other resources 

should be utilized for accurate trust fund reporting. 

2

 Reporting excludes the Iron Mountain account in the Hazardous Substance Superfund 

Trust Fund. 
TRUST FUNDS 

March 2009 

128

Hazardous Substance Superfund 

Expected Condition and Results of Operations, Fiscal Years 2009-2013 1, 2, 3

[In millions of dollars. Source: EPA] 

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Balance Oct. 1 ................................................................................................. 133 81 25 81 81

Receipts: 

Interest ......................................................................................................... 32 32 32 32 32

Recoveries ................................................................................................... 104 104 104 104 104

Fines and penalties...................................................................................... 2 222 2

Taxes ........................................................................................................... - --- -

Offsetting collections.................................................................................... - --- -

General revenues ........................................................................................ 1,117 1,117 1,229 1,173 1,173

Total receipts ........................................................................................... 1,255 1,255 1,367 1,311 1,311

Appropriations 2................................................................................................ 1,254 1,254 1,254 1,254 1,254

Other expenses................................................................................................ 53 57 57 57 57

Balance Sept. 30.............................................................................................. 81 25 81 81 81

1

 Reporting in this Superfund Trust Fund table is consistent with previously reported 

presentations. However, the structure of this table may not accurately reflect the status of 

this trust fund. As a result, this table may be revised in future reports and other resources 

should be utilized for accurate trust fund reporting. 

2

 Fiscal year 2009 appropriation represents a full-year Continuing Resolution (CR) based on 

fiscal year 2008 Enacted appropriation level. Fiscal year 2009 excludes potential economic 

stimulus supplemental funding. 

3

 Fiscal year 2010 represents Current Services Baseline (CSB). 
TRUST FUNDS 

 March 2009 

129

INTRODUCTION: Highway Trust Fund 

The Highway Trust Fund was established on the books 

of the Treasury in fiscal year 1957, according to provisions 

of the Highway Revenue Act of 1956 (Act of June 29, 1956, 

chapter 462, section 209). It has been amended and extended 

by various highway surface transportation and other acts 

since 1959. Section 1110(d) of the Safe, Accountable, 

Flexible, Efficient Transportation Equity Act: A Legacy For 

Users (SAFETEA-LU) (Public Law 109-59) extended the 

Highway Trust Fund to be available for making expenditures 

before September 30, 2009 (October 1, 2009, in the case of 

expenditures for administrative expenses). 

Amounts equivalent to taxes on gasoline, diesel fuel, 

special motor fuels, certain tires, heavy trucks and trailers, 

and heavy vehicle use are designated by the Act to be 

appropriated and transferred from the general fund of the 

Treasury to the trust fund. These transfers are made twice 

monthly based on estimates by the Secretary of the Treasury, 

subject to later adjustments to reflect the amount of actual 

tax receipts. Amounts available in the fund exceeding outlay 

requirements are invested in non-interest-bearing public debt 

securities. 

Within the fund is a mass transit account, funded by a 

portion of the excise tax collections under sections 4041 and 

4081 of the IRC (title 26 United States Code). The funds 

from this account are used for expenditures in accordance 

with chapter 53 of title 49 United States Code, the 

Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 

(Public Law 102-240), the Transportation Equity Act for the 

21st Century (TEA-21), and SAFETEA-LU. The remaining 

excise taxes are included in a separate account within the 

trust fund commonly referred to as the highway account. 

Expenditures from this account are made according to the 

provisions of various transportation acts. 

Amounts required for outlays to carry out the eligible 

surface transportation programs are made available to the 

responsible operating administrations within the Department 

of Transportation. Other charges to the trust fund are made 

by the Secretary of the Treasury for transfer of certain taxes 

to the Land and Water Conservation Fund and the Aquatic 

Resources Trust Fund. 

The Secretary of the Treasury, in consultation with the 

Secretary of Transportation, is required to submit annual 

reports to Congress by section 9602(a) of title 26 United 

States Code. These reports cover the financial condition and 

results of operations of the fund for the past fiscal year and 

expected condition and operations during the next 5 fiscal 

years. 

In addition, the Secretary of the Treasury is required by 

26 U.S.C. 9503(d)(7) to report to specified Congressional 

Committees any estimate which he, in consultation with the 

Secretary of Transportation, makes pursuant to 26 U.S.C. 

9503(d)(1) or any determination which he makes pursuant to 

26 U.S.C. 9503(d)(2). The Congressional Committees are 

the Committee on Ways and Means of the House of 

Representatives, the Committee on Finance of the Senate, 

the Committees on the Budget of both Houses, the 

Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of the 

House of Representatives, and the Committee on 

Environment and Public Works of the Senate. 
TRUST FUNDS 

March 2009 

130

TABLE TF-6.—Highway Trust Fund 

Results of Operations, Fiscal Year 2008 

[Source: DOT] 

Description IRC section (26 United States Code) Amount

Balance Oct. 1, 2007*.......................................................................................................................................................................................... $15,416,217,721

Receipts: Excise taxes (transferred from general fund): Gasoline ........................................................................................................4081 ......................................................................................... 25,325,646,000

Diesel and special motor fuels......................................................................4041 ......................................................................................... 10,531,919,000

Highway tires.................................................................................................4071 ......................................................................................... 386,627,000

Retail tax on trucks........................................................................................4051 ......................................................................................... 1,445,621,000

Heavy vehicle use.........................................................................................4481 ......................................................................................... 1,038,312,000

Total excise taxes .................................................................................................................................................................................... 38,728,125,000

Less refunds and tax credits (reimbursed to general fund): 

Diesel fuel........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 670,905,000

Gasoline .......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 385,607,000

Total refunds and tax credits ................................................................................................................................................................... 1,056,512,000

Less transfers: 

To Land and Water Conservation Fund ...................................................................................................................................................... 1,000,000

To Aquatic Resources Trust Fund............................................................................................................................................................... 481,999,000

To Airport Resources Trust Fund ................................................................................................................................................................ 377,524,000

To general fund............................................................................................................................................................................................ 444,546,000

Total transfers .......................................................................................................................................................................................... 1,305,069,000

Other income: 

Fines and penalties...................................................................................................................................................................................... 17,988,767

Cash Management Improvement Act interest (net)..................................................................................................................................... 2,628,383

Transfer from general fund – P.L. 110-318 ................................................................................................................................................. 8,017,000,000

Total other income ................................................................................................................................................................................... 8,037,617,150

Net receipts .......................................................................................................................................................................................... 44,404,161,150

Expenses: 

Federal Highway Administration: 

Federal aid to highways............................................................................................................................................................................... 35,715,420,258

Right-of-way revolving fund ......................................................................................................................................................................... -9,826,608

Other ............................................................................................................................................................................................................ 142,884,718

Total ......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 35,848,478,368

Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration ............................................................................................................................................... 504,611,856

Federal Transit Administration..................................................................................................................................................................... 5,989,594,523

National Highway Traffic Safety Administration: 

Operations and research ......................................................................................................................................................................... 167,847,655

Highway traffic safety grants.................................................................................................................................................................... 485,721,461

National driver register............................................................................................................................................................................. 5,266,199

Total ..................................................................................................................................................................................................... 658,835,315

Federal Railroad Administration: 

Other agencies............................................................................................................................................................................................. 6,758

Total expenses......................................................................................................................................................................................... 43,001,526,820

Balance Sept. 30, 2008........................................................................................................................................................................................ $16,818,852,050

Note: The opening balance of $15,441,025,628 was revised on December 3, 2007, to 

reflect the actual transfer of aviation fuel excise taxes from the Highway Trust Fund to the 

Airport Airway Trust Fund and to reduce the TIFIA subsidy. 
TRUST FUNDS 

 March 2009 

131

Highway Trust Fund 

Expected Condition and Results of Operations, Fiscal Years 2009-2013 

[In billions of dollars. Source: DOT] 

Combined Statement Highway and Mass Transit Accounts 

 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Balance Oct. 1*.............................................................. 17 7 -5 -17 -28

Receipts: 

Excise taxes, net of refunds....................................... 37 39 40 40 41

Interest, net ................................................................ - - - - -

Total receipts ......................................................... 37 39 40 40 41

Outlays........................................................................... 47 50 51 52 53

Balance Sept. 30............................................................ 7 -5 -17 -28 -40

 

* P.L. 110-318 transferred $8 billion from the General Fund into the Highway Trust Fund. 

Mass Transit Account 

 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

 

Balance Oct. 1 .................................................................... 7 5 2 -1 -4

Receipts: 

Excise taxes, net of refunds............................................ 6 555 5

Interest, net ..................................................................... - - - - -

Total receipts .............................................................. 6 5 5 5 5

Outlays................................................................................ 8 9 8 8 9

Balance Sept. 30................................................................. 5 2 -1 -4 -8

 

Highway Account 

 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

 

Balance Oct. 1 ......................................................................... 10 2 -7 -15 -24

Receipts: 

Excise taxes, net of refunds................................................. 32 33 35 35 36

Interest, net .......................................................................... - - - - -

Total receipts ................................................................... 32 33 35 35 36

Outlays..................................................................................... 40 42 43 44 44

Balance Sept. 30...................................................................... 2 -7 -15 -24 -32

Unfunded authorizations (EOY)............................................... 86 95 105 114 124

48-month revenue estimate..................................................... 139 142 145 147 149

 
TRUST FUNDS 

March 2009 

132

TABLE TF-6A.—Highway Trust Fund 

The following information is released according to the 

provisions of the Byrd Amendment [codified at 26 United 

States Code 9503(d)] and represents data concerning the 

Highway Trust Fund. The figure described as “unfunded 

authorizations” is the latest estimate received from the DOT 

for fiscal year 2010. 

The 48-month revenue estimates for the highway and 

mass transit accounts, respectively, include the latest 

estimates received from Treasury’s Office of Tax Analysis 

for excise taxes, net of refunds. They represent net highway 

receipts for those periods beginning at the close of fiscal 

year 2010. 

Highway Account 

[In billions of dollars. Source: DOT] 

Commitments (unobligated balances plus unpaid obligations, fiscal year 2010) .............................................................................................................. 79

less: 

Cash balance (fiscal year 2010) ......................................................................................................................................................................................... -7

Unfunded authorizations (fiscal year 2010)........................................................................................................................................................................ 86

48-month revenue estimate (fiscal years 2011, 2012, 2013, and 2014)............................................................................................................................ 142

Mass Transit Account 

[In billions of dollars. Source: DOT] 

Commitments (unobligated balances plus unpaid obligations, fiscal year 2010) .............................................................................................................. 14

less: 

Cash balance (fiscal year 2010) ......................................................................................................................................................................................... 2

Unfunded authorizations (fiscal year 2010)........................................................................................................................................................................ 12

48-month revenue estimate (fiscal years 2011, 2012, 2013, and 2014)............................................................................................................................ 21
TRUST FUNDS 

 March 2009 

133

INTRODUCTION: Inland Waterways Trust Fund 

The Inland Waterways Trust Fund was established by the 

Treasury in fiscal year 1984, pursuant to section 203 of the 

Inland Waterways Revenue Act of 1978 (Public Law 95-

502) and continued pursuant to section 1405 of the Water 

Resources Development Act of 1986 (Public Law 99-662, 

codified at 26 United States Code 9506). Under 26 United 

States Code 9506(b), amounts from taxes on fuel used in 

commercial transportation on inland waterways, as 

determined by the Secretary of the Treasury, are 

appropriated to the trust fund. 

The Technical and Miscellaneous Revenue Act of 1988 

(Public Law 100-647, approved November 10, 1988) 

increased the tax each year, 1990 through 1995. These 

amounts are transferred quarterly from the general fund 

based on estimates made by the Secretary, subject to 

adjustments in later transfers to the amounts of actual tax 

receipts. 

The Secretary of the Treasury invests in interest-bearing 

obligations of the United States that portion of the trust fund, 

in his judgment, not required to meet current withdrawals. 

The interest on, and proceeds from, the sale or redemption of 

any obligation held in the trust fund is credited to the trust 

fund. The Inland Waterways Revenue Act of 1978 (Public 

Law 95-502) provides that amounts in the trust fund shall be 

available as provided, by appropriations acts, for 

construction and rehabilitation expenditures for navigation 

on the inland and intracoastal waterways of the United States 

described in 33 United States Code 1804. Expenditures must 

be otherwise authorized by law. 

Annual reports to Congress are required by 26 United 

States Code 9602(a) to be submitted by the Secretary of the 

Treasury. These reports are required to cover the financial 

condition and the results of operations of the fund during the 

past fiscal year and its expected condition and operations 

during the next 5 fiscal years. 

TABLE TF-7.—Inland Waterways Trust Fund 

Results of Operations, Fiscal Year 2008 

[Source: Department of the Army Corps of Engineers] 

Balance Oct. 1, 2007........................................................................................................................................................................................... $209,383,002

Receipts: 

Fuel taxes/revenues......................................................................................................................................................................................... 87,598,000

Interest on investments.................................................................................................................................................................................... 4,772,325

Total receipts................................................................................................................................................................................................ 92,370,325

Transfers: 

Corps of Engineers .......................................................................................................................................................................................... 170,959,713

Balance Sept. 30, 2008........................................................................................................................................................................................ $130,793,614

Inland Waterways Trust Fund 

Expected Condition and Results of Operations, Fiscal Years 2009-2013* 

[In millions of dollars. Source: Department of the Army Corps of Engineers] 

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

 

Balance Oct. 1....................................................................................................... 131 93 93 93 93

Receipts: 

Fuel taxes.......................................................................................................... 79 77 77 77 77

Interest on investments..................................................................................... 3 2 2 2 2

Total receipts................................................................................................. 82 79 79 79 79

Transfers: 

Corps of Engineers ........................................................................................... 120 79 79 79 79

Balance Sept. 30................................................................................................... 93 93 93 93 93

 

* Outyear projections are based on economic conditions and agencies’ best projections of 

revenues and expenditures. 
TRUST FUNDS 

March 2009 

134

INTRODUCTION: Leaking Underground Storage Tank Trust Fund 

The Leaking Underground Storage Tank (LUST) Trust 

Fund was established in fiscal year 1981 according to 

provisions of the Comprehensive Environmental Response, 

Compensation and Liability Act of 1980 (Public Law 96-510, 

codified at 26 United States Code 9508), as amended by the 

Superfund Amendments and Re-authorization Act of 1986 

(Public Law 99-499, dated October 17, 1986), sections 

13163(c) and 13242(d)(42) of the Omnibus Budget 

Reconciliation Act of 1993 (Public Law 103-66, dated August 

10, 1993), and section 1032(e)(13) of the Taxpayer Relief Act 

of 1987 (Public Law 105-34, dated August 5, 1997). 

The LUST Trust Fund is financed by taxes collected on 

gasoline, diesel fuels, special motor fuels, aviation fuels and 

fuels used in commercial transportation on inland 

waterways. Amounts available in the LUST Trust Fund, 

exceeding current expenditure requirements, are invested by 

the Secretary of the Treasury in interest-bearing Government 

securities (e.g., Treasury bills). All interest earned is credited 

directly to the LUST Trust Fund. 

To carry out the LUST program, amounts are 

appropriated for the LUST Trust Fund to the EPA for 

programmatic and administrative expenses. 

An annual report to Congress by the Secretary of the 

Treasury is required by 26 United States Code 9602(a). 

These reports present the financial condition of the LUST 

Trust Fund and results of operations for the past fiscal year 

and its expected condition and operations during the next 5 

fiscal years. 

TABLE TF-8.—Leaking Underground Storage Tank Trust Fund 

Results of Operations, Fiscal Year 2008 *

[Source: EPA] 

Balance Oct. 1, 2007...................................................................................................................................................................................... $2,857,000,000 

Receipts: 

Taxes.......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 171,000,000 

Interest........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 123,000,000 

Gross tax receipts .................................................................................................................................................................................. 294,000,000 

Undisbursed balances: 

Environmental Protection Agency Leaking Underground Storage Tank balances ................................................................................... - 

Total undisbursed balances ................................................................................................................................................................... - 

Expenses: 

Environmental Protection Agency Leaking Underground Storage Tank expenses .................................................................................. 106,000,000 

Other expenses.......................................................................................................................................................................................... 2,000,000 

Total expenses....................................................................................................................................................................................... 108,000,000 

Balance Sept. 30, 2008.................................................................................................................................................................................. $3,043,000,000 

* Reporting in this trust fund table is consistent with previously reported presentations. 

However, the structure of this table may not accurately reflect the status of this trust fund. 

As a result, this table may be revised in future reports and other resources should be 

utilized for accurate trust fund reporting. 

Leaking Underground Storage Tank Trust Fund 

Expected Condition and Results of Operations, Fiscal Years 2009-2013 1, 2, 3

[In millions of dollars. Source: EPA] 

 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Balance Oct. 1................................................................................................................. 3,043 3,243 3,452 3,661 3,870

Receipts: 

Taxes........................................................................................................................... 192 195 195 195 195

Interest ........................................................................................................................ 114 120 120 120 120

Total receipts........................................................................................................... 306 315 315 315 315

Appropriations ................................................................................................................. 106 106 106 106 106

Other Expenses .............................................................................................................. - - - - -

Balance Sept. 30............................................................................................................. 3,243 3,452 3,661 3,870 4,079

1

 Reporting in the trust fund table is consistent with previously reported presentations. 

However, the structure of this table may not accurately reflect the status of the trust fund. 

As a result, this table may be revised in future reports and other resources should be 

utilized for accurate trust fund reporting. 

2

 Fiscal year 2009 appropriation represents a full-year Continuing Resolution (CR) based 

on fiscal year enacted appropriation level. Fiscal year 2009 excludes potential economic 

stimulus supplemental funds. 

3

 Fiscal year 2010 represents Current Services Baseline (CSB). 
TRUST FUNDS 

 March 2009 

135

INTRODUCTION: Nuclear Waste Fund 

The Nuclear Waste Fund was established on the books of 

the Treasury in fiscal year 1983, according to section 302 of 

the Nuclear Waste Policy Act of 1982 [Public Law 97-425, 

codified at 42 United States Code 10222(c)]. Receipts 

represent fees collected from public utilities based on 

electricity generated by nuclear power reactors and spent 

nuclear fuel. Expenditures from the fund are for purposes of 

radioactive waste disposal activities. 

Amounts available in the fund exceeding current needs 

may be invested by the Secretary of the Treasury in 

obligations of the United States (1) having maturities in 

tandem with the needs of the waste fund and (2) bearing 

interest at rates determined appropriate, taking into 

consideration the current average market yield on 

outstanding marketable obligations of the United States with 

remaining periods to maturity comparable to the maturities 

of such investments, except that the interest rate on such 

investments shall not exceed the average interest rate 

applicable to existing borrowings. 

An annual report to Congress by the Secretary of the 

Treasury, after consultation with the Secretary of the 

Department of Energy (DOE), is required by 42 United 

States Code 10222(e)(1). This report must present the 

financial condition and the results of operations of the waste 

fund during the preceding fiscal year. 

TABLE TF-9.—Nuclear Waste Fund 

Results of Operations, Fiscal Year 2008 

[Source: DOE] 

Balance Sept. 30, 2007........................................................................................................................................................................................ $14,256,195

Receipts: 

Fees collected.................................................................................................................................................................................................. 763,098,120

Penalties and interest on fee payments........................................................................................................................................................... -

Interest on investments.................................................................................................................................................................................... 26,753,421

Total receipts................................................................................................................................................................................................ 789,851,541

Nonexpenditure transfers: 

SF-1151 transfers in (+)................................................................................................................................................................................... -

SF-1151 transfers out (-).................................................................................................................................................................................. -32,646,000

Net nonexpenditure transfers....................................................................................................................................................................... -32,646,000

Outlays: 

DOE radioactive waste disposal activities ....................................................................................................................................................... 213,032,061

Cost investments.............................................................................................................................................................................................. 559,598,029

Total outlays................................................................................................................................................................................................. 772,630,090

Balance Sept. 30, 2008........................................................................................................................................................................................ -$1,168,354

 
TRUST FUNDS 

March 2009 

136

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

Highway

Trust Fund

Airport

and

Airway

Trust Fund

Nuclear

Waste

Fund

Hazardous

Substance

Superfund

Black

Lung

Trust Fund

Receipts

Expenses

Receipts and

Expenses,

Fiscal Year

2008

(In billions of dollars)

0

300

600

900

1200

Nuclear

Waste

Fund

Airport

and

Airway

Trust Fund

Hazardous

Substance

Superfund

2007

2008 Interest on

Investments,

Fiscal Years

2007-2008

(In millions of dollars)

CHARTS TF-A and B.—Major Trust Funds 

[Data depicted in these charts are derived from the Trust Fund tables, which are provided by various 

Government agencies. See tables TF-1, TF-3, TF-5, TF-6 and TF-9.] 
TRUST FUNDS 

 March 2009 

137

INTRODUCTION: Reforestation Trust Fund 

The Reforestation Trust Fund was established on the 

books of the Treasury in fiscal year 1981 to continue 

through September 30, 1985, according to provisions of 

Title III—Reforestation, of the Recreational Boating Safety 

and Facilities Improvement Act of 1980 [Public Law 96-

451, codified at 16 United States Code 1606a(a)]. 

The act provides that the Secretary of the Treasury shall 

transfer to the trust fund tariffs, limited to not more than $30 

million for any fiscal year, received in the Treasury from 

October 1, 1979, through September 30, 1985, on (1) rough 

and primary wood products and wood waste; (2) lumber, 

flooring and moldings; and (3) wood veneers, plywood, 

other wood-veneer assemblies and building boards. Public 

Law 99-190, title II, 99 Statutes at Large 1245, extended the 

receipts for the trust fund. Amounts available in the 

reforestation trust fund exceeding current withdrawals are 

invested in interest-bearing obligations of the United States 

or in obligations guaranteed as to both principal and interest 

by the United States. The interest on, and the proceeds from 

the sale or redemption of, any obligations are credited to the 

trust fund. 

The Secretary of the Department of Agriculture is 

authorized to obligate available sums in the trust fund 

(including any amounts not obligated in previous years) for 

(1) reforestation and timber stand improvement and (2) 

administrative costs of the Government for these activities. 

Annual reports are required by 16 United States Code 

1606a(c) (1) to be submitted by the Secretary of the 

Treasury, after consultation with the Secretary of 

Agriculture, on the financial condition and the results of the 

operations of the trust fund during the past fiscal year and on 

its expected condition and operations during the next fiscal 

year. 

TABLE TF-10.—Reforestation Trust Fund 

Results of Operations, Fiscal Year 2008 

[Source: Department of Agriculture] 

Balance Oct. 1, 2007 ........................................................................................................................................................................................... $13,686,570

Receipts: 

Excise taxes (tariffs)......................................................................................................................................................................................... 30,000,132

Redemption of investment ............................................................................................................................................................................... -

Total receipts................................................................................................................................................................................................ 30,000,132

Expenses: 

Expenditure ...................................................................................................................................................................................................... 29,091,611

Total expenses............................................................................................................................................................................................. 29,091,611

Adjustment ........................................................................................................................................................................................................... 973

Balance Sept. 30, 2008........................................................................................................................................................................................ $14,596,064

Reforestation Trust Fund 

Expected Condition and Results of Operations, Fiscal Year 2009 

[In thousands of dollars. Source: Department of Agriculture] 

Balance Oct. 1..................................................................................................................................................................................................... 14,596

Receipts: 

Excise taxes (tariffs)........................................................................................................................................................................................ 30,000

Redemption of investment .............................................................................................................................................................................. -

Total receipts............................................................................................................................................................................................... 30,000

Outlays ................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 30,000

Balance Sept. 30................................................................................................................................................................................................. 14,596
TRUST FUNDS 

March 2009 

138

INTRODUCTION: Sport Fish Restoration and Boating Trust Fund 

The Aquatic Resources Trust Fund (ARTF) was 

established on the books of the Treasury pursuant to the 

Deficit Reduction Act of 1984 [Public Law 98-369, division 

A, title X, section 1016(a), approved July 18, 1984]. The 

ARTF was restructured and renamed the Sport Fish 

Restoration and Boating Trust Fund by the Safe, 

Accountable, Flexible, Efficient Transportation Equity Act: 

A Legacy for Users or “SAFETEA-LU” [Public Law 109-

59, title XI, subtitle B, part 2, section 11115, approved 

August 10, 2005,] as amended by the Sportfishing and 

Recreational Boating Safety Amendments Act of 2005 

[Public Law 109-74, approved September 29, 2005]. 

Funding of ARTF programs was extended several times 

before a transportation bill was finally enacted—P.L. 109-14 

(through June 30, 2005), P.L. 109-20 (through July 19, 

2005), P.L. 109-35 (through July 21, 2005), P.L. 109-37 

(through July 27, 2005), P.L. 109-40 (through July 30, 

2005), and P.L. 109-42 (through August 14, 2005). P.L. 109-

59 (The Transportation Equity Act) comprehensively 

amended and reauthorized the Sport Fish Restoration 

Program to (beginning in fiscal year 2006) permanently 

appropriate boat safety funding and modify distribution of 

funds whereby all accounts will annually receive a fixed 

percentage of the total fund revenue, eliminated the ARTF to 

create a Sport Fish Restoration and Boating Trust Fund, and 

modified the excise tax on certain sport fishing equipment. 

P.L. 109-74 funded sport fishing and boating safety 

programs from the Highway Trust Fund through the end of 

fiscal year 2006. 

Effective October 1, 2005, motorboat fuel taxes (less $1 

million transferred to the Land and Water Conservation 

Fund) and small engine gasoline taxes [pursuant to the 

Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1990, Public Law 

101-508, title XI, section 11211(i)(2) and (3)] were 

transferred from the Highway Trust Fund to the Sport Fish 

Restoration and Boating Trust Fund. In addition, amounts 

equivalent to the excise taxes received on sport fishing 

equipment and import duties on fishing tackle, yachts, and 

pleasure craft are appropriated into the fund. 

Amounts in the trust fund are used, as provided by 

appropriation acts, for the purposes of carrying out the 

Dingell-Johnson Sport Fish Restoration Act, approved 

August 9, 1950, the purposes of section 13106 of title 46, 

United States Code, the purpose of section 7404)d) of the 

Transportation Equity Act for the 21st Century, and the 

Coastal Wetlands Planning, Protection and Restoration Act 

(as amended by SAFETEA-LU). 

When the provisions of 26 United States Code 9602(b) 

are met, amounts available in the fund exceeding outlay 

requirements are invested in public debt securities with the 

interest credited to the fund. 

Annual reports to Congress required by 26 United States 

Code 9602(a), are submitted by the Secretary of the 

Treasury. These reports are required to cover the financial 

condition and results of operations of the fund during the 

past fiscal year and those expected during the next 5 fiscal 

years. 
TRUST FUNDS 

 March 2009 

139

TABLE TF-11.—Sport Fish Restoration and Boating Trust Fund 

Sport Fish Restoration Results of Operations, Fiscal Year 2008 

[Source: Bureau of the Public Debt] 

Balance Oct. 1, 2007 ............................................................................................................................................................................................ $719,161,289

Revenue: 

Tax revenue: 

Gas, motorboat ............................................................................................................................................................................................. 378,996,000

Fish equipment.............................................................................................................................................................................................. 113,192,000

Electric trolling sonar..................................................................................................................................................................................... -

Customs/import duties .................................................................................................................................................................................. 41,717,376

Gas, motorboat small engines ...................................................................................................................................................................... 103,003,000

Total, tax revenue ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 636,908,376

Investment revenue: 

Interest on investments (cash basis) ............................................................................................................................................................ 71,553,714

Loss on sale of securities.............................................................................................................................................................................. -

Total, investment revenue......................................................................................................................................................................... 71,553,714

Total revenue ............................................................................................................................................................................................ 708,462,090

Nonexpenditure transfers: 

Transfer to Interior......................................................................................................................................................................................... -480,998,939

Transfer to U.S. Coast Guard ....................................................................................................................................................................... -126,123,836

Transfer to Corps of Engineers..................................................................................................................................................................... -88,286,685

Total nonexpenditure transfers ................................................................................................................................................................. -695,409,460

Balance Sept. 30, 2008......................................................................................................................................................................................... $732,213,919

Sport Fish Restoration and Boating Trust Fund 

Sport Fish Expected Condition and Results of Operations, Fiscal Years 2009-2013 

[In thousands of dollars. Source: Department of the Interior] 

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 

Balance Oct. 1 ..................................................................................... 732,214 693,113 705,718 733,792 760,152

Receipts/revenue: 

Taxes ............................................................................................ 605,000 619,000 641,000 661,000 679,000

Interest .......................................................................................... 71,547 70,152 76,226 82,586 87,003

Transfers....................................................................................... - - - - -

Total receipts ............................................................................ 676,547 689,152 717,226 743,586 766,003

Expenses: 

Expenses/transfers ....................................................................... 715,648 676,547 689,152 717,226 743,586

Total expenses.......................................................................... 715,648 676,547 689,152 717,226 743,586

Balance Sept. 30............................................................................... 693,113 705,718 733,792 760,152 782,569
TRUST FUNDS 

March 2009 

140

Sport Fish Restoration and Boating Trust Fund 

Boating Safety Results of Operations, Fiscal Year 2008 

[Source: Bureau of the Public Debt] 

Balance Oct. 1, 2007........................................................................................................................................................................................... $51,559,695

Revenue: 

Investment revenue: 

Interest on investments ................................................................................................................................................................................... 2,047,435

Loss on sale of securities................................................................................................................................................................................ - 

Total investment revenue................................................................................................................................................................................ 2,047,435

Total revenue .............................................................................................................................................................................................. 2,047,435

Nonexpenditure transfers: 

Transfer to Coast Guard ................................................................................................................................................................................. 6,800,000

Transfer to Interior........................................................................................................................................................................................... 10,339,000

Total nonexpenditure transfers ................................................................................................................................................................... 17,139,000

Balance Sept. 30, 2008....................................................................................................................................................................................... $36,508,130

Sport Fish Restoration and Boating Trust Fund 

Boating Safety Expected Condition and Results of Operations, Fiscal Years 2009-2013 

[In thousands of dollars. Source: Department of Transportation] 

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 

Balance Oct. 1 ............................................................................. 36,508 21,679 - - -

Receipts/revenue: 

Taxes ....................................................................................... --- - -

Interest ..................................................................................... 2,310 2,650 - - -

Transfers.................................................................................. - - - - -

Total receipts ....................................................................... 2,310 2,650 - - -

Expenses: 

Expenses/outlays..................................................................... --- - -

Transfers FWS, USCG ............................................................ 17,139 24,329 24,329 - -

Total expenses..................................................................... 17,139 24,329 24,329 - -

Balance Sept. 30.......................................................................... 21,679 - - - -

* In accordance with Public Law 109-59, the old Boat Safety Account will 

be liquidated by the end of fiscal year 2010. 
TRUST FUNDS 

 March 2009 

141

INTRODUCTION: Oil Spill Liability Trust Fund 

The Oil Spill Liability Trust Fund was established on the 

books of the Treasury by section 8033 of the Omnibus Budget 

Reconciliation Act of 1986 (Public Law 99-509). It was made 

effective on January 1, 1990, by section 7811(m)(3) of the 

Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1989 (Public Law 

101-239) and amended by section 9001of the Oil Pollution 

Act of 1990 (Public Law 101-380). The Energy Policy Act of 

2005 (Public Law 109-58) reinstated the tax on petroleum to 

ensure continued viability of the fund. 

Amounts equivalent to the taxes received from the 

environmental tax on petroleum, but only to the extent of the 

Oil Spill Liability Trust Fund rate, are appropriated to the 

fund. The tax is not applied during any calendar quarter if the 

Secretary of the Treasury estimates that, as of the close of the 

preceding calendar quarter, the unobligated balance in the 

fund exceeds $2.7 billion. 

Certain amounts were transferred from other funds and 

were appropriated to the Oil Spill Liability Trust Fund as 

provided by 26 United States Code 9509(b). Certain paid 

penalties and amounts recovered for damages are also 

appropriated to the fund. 

Amounts in the fund are available for oil spill cleanup 

costs and certain other related purposes as provided by 

appropriations acts or section 6002(b) of the Oil Pollution Act 

of 1990 (Public Law 101-380). 

When the provisions of 26 United States Code 9602(b) are 

met, amounts available in the fund exceeding outlay 

requirements are invested in public debt securities. Interest is 

credited to the fund. 

Annual reports to Congress, required by 26 United States 

Code 9602(a), are submitted by the Secretary of the Treasury. 

These reports are required to cover the financial condition and 

results of operations of the fund during the past fiscal year and 

those expected during the next 5 fiscal years. 
TRUST FUNDS 

March 2009 

142

TABLE TF-12.—Oil Spill Liability Trust Fund 

Results of Operations, Fiscal Year 2008 

[Source: Bureau of the Public Debt] 

Balance Oct. 1, 2007 ..................................................................................................................................................................................................... $829,263,891

Revenue: 

Tax on crude oil/petroleum products ......................................................................................................................................................................... -

Other income.............................................................................................................................................................................................................. -

Trans-Alaska Pipeline liability fund deposit ............................................................................................................................................................... -

Cost recoveries .......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 7,923,188

Fines and penalties.................................................................................................................................................................................................... 21,928,970

Excise Taxes.............................................................................................................................................................................................................. 333,259,522

Net revenue before interest ................................................................................................................................................................................... 363,111,680

Investment Income: 

Interest on investments.............................................................................................................................................................................................. 33,037,889

Realized gain ............................................................................................................................................................................................................. -

Total investment income ........................................................................................................................................................................................ 33,037,889

Total revenue ......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 396,149,569

Expenditures: 

Treasury administrative expense – BPD ................................................................................................................................................................... 20,600

Nonexpenditure transfers: 

Transfer to Denali commission .................................................................................................................................................................................. 5,830,934

Transfer to Interior...................................................................................................................................................................................................... 12,526,000

Transfer to EPA.......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 17,055,714

Transfer to DOT-Research and special projects ....................................................................................................................................................... 26,508,199

Transfer to U.S. Coast Guard-70x8312 (claims) ....................................................................................................................................................... 25,190,625

Transfer to U.S. Coast Guard-70x8349 (emergency fund) ....................................................................................................................................... 51,095,291

Transfer to U.S. Coast Guard-annual (earmarked) ................................................................................................................................................... 45,000,000

Transfer to North Pacific ............................................................................................................................................................................................ -

Total nonexpenditures transfers ............................................................................................................................................................................ 183,206,763

Total expenditure/nonexpenditure transfers .......................................................................................................................................................... 183,227,363

Balance Sept. 30, 2008.................................................................................................................................................................................................. $1,042,186,097

Oil Spill Liability Trust Fund 

Expected Condition and Results of Operations, Fiscal Years 2009-2013 

[In millions of dollars. Source: Department of Homeland Security] 

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

 Balance Oct. 1 .................................................................................................... 1,042 1,238 1,472 1,709 1,960

 Estimated receipts .............................................................................................. 436 416 419 433 442

 Estimated expenses ........................................................................................... 240 182 182 182 182

 Balance Sept. 30 ................................................................................................ 1,238 1,472 1,709 1,960 2,220
TRUST FUNDS 

 March 2009 

143

INTRODUCTION: Vaccine Injury Compensation Trust Fund 

The Vaccine Injury Compensation Trust Fund was 

created on the books of the Treasury by section 9202 of the 

Revenue Act of 1987 (Public Law 100-203, approved 

December 22, 1987). Excise taxes on diphtheria, pertussis, 

tetanus, measles, mumps, rubella, polio, hepatitis B, 

haemophilus influenza type b, varicella, rotavirus, 

pneumococcal conjugate vaccines, hepatitis A (26 United 

States Code 4131), and trivalent influenza are appropriated 

into the trust fund, which is the source of funds to pay 

compensation awards for a vaccine-related injury or death 

occurring after October 1, 1988, as well as program 

administrative expenses. Additionally, two new vaccines 

have been added for coverage effective February 1, 2007; 

the meningococcal vaccine and the human papillomavirus 

vaccine. 

Annual reports to Congress, required by 26 United 

States Code 9602(a), are submitted by the Secretary of the 

Treasury. These reports are required to cover the financial 

condition and results of operations of the fund during the 

past fiscal year and those expected during the next 5 fiscal 

years. 

TABLE TF-13.—Vaccine Injury Compensation Trust Fund 

Results of Operations, Fiscal Year 2008 

[Source: Bureau of the Public Debt] 

Balance Oct. 1, 2007 ........................................................................................................................................................................................... $2,602,172,617

Receipts: 

Excise tax receipts ........................................................................................................................................................................................... 251,409,000

Interest on investments.................................................................................................................................................................................... 106,579,310

Total receipts................................................................................................................................................................................................ 357,988,310

Expenditure Appropriations: 

U.S. Court of Federal Claims expenses .......................................................................................................................................................... 1,826,103

U.S. Department of Justice expenses ............................................................................................................................................................. 7,512,205

Total outlays................................................................................................................................................................................................. 9,338,308

Nonexpenditure appropriations: 

Health resources.............................................................................................................................................................................................. 87,000,000

Total outlays/transfers.................................................................................................................................................................................. 96,338,308

Balance Sept. 30, 2008........................................................................................................................................................................................ $2,863,822,619

Vaccine Injury Compensation Trust Fund 

Expected Condition and Results of Operations, Fiscal Years 2009-2013 

[In thousands of dollars. Source: Department of Health and Human Services ] 

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 

Balance Oct. 1 ........................................................................................ 2,863,823 3,133,602 3,411,756 3,698,534 3,994,196

Receipts (from tax) ................................................................................. 258,951 266,720 274,721 282,963 291,452

Interest on investments....................................................................... 109,776 113,070 116,462 119,956 123,554

Total receipts .................................................................................. 368,727 379,790 391,183 402,919 415,006

Outlays: 

U.S. Court of Federal Claims expenses ............................................. 1,826 1,826 1,826 1,826 1,826

U.S. Department of Justice expenses ................................................ 7,512 7,512 7,512 7,512 7,512

Total outlays.................................................................................... 9,338 9,338 9,338 9,338 9,338

Nonexpenditure transfers: 

Transfers to health resources............................................................. 89,610 92,298 95,067 97,919 100,857

Total outlays/transfers .................................................................... 98,948 101,636 104,405 107,257 110,195

Balance Sept. 30..................................................................................... 3,133,602 3,411,756 3,698,534 3,994,196 4,299,007
TRUST FUNDS 

March 2009 

144

INTRODUCTION: Wool Research, Development, 

and Promotion Trust Fund 

The Wool Research, Development, and Promotion Trust 

Fund was established in fiscal year 2000 with a sunset 

provision effective January, 1, 2004, according to provisions 

of the Trade and Development Act of 2000 (Public Law 

106-200, signed May 18, 2000). The Trade Act of 2002 

(Public Law 107-210, signed August 6, 2002) extended the 

sunset provision to January 1, 2006. The Miscellaneous 

Trade and Technical Corrections Act of 2004 (Public Law 

108-429, signed December 3, 2004) extended the sunset 

provision to 2008. The Pension Protection Act of 2006 

(Public Law 109-280, signed August 17, 2006) extended the 

sunset provision to 2010. The Emergency Economic 

Stabilization Act of 2008 (Public Law 110-343, signed 

October 3, 2008) extended the sunset provision to 2015. 

The Act provides that the Secretary of the Treasury shall 

transfer to the trust fund out of the general fund of the U.S. 

Treasury amounts determined to be equivalent to the duty 

received on articles under chapters 51 and 52 of the 

Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States. The 

amount to be transferred is limited to $2,500,000 in any 

fiscal year and may be invested in U.S. Treasury securities. 

The Secretary of Agriculture is authorized to provide grants 

to a nationally recognized council established for the 

development of the United States wool market for the 

following purposes: 

• Assist United States wool producers in improving 

the quality of wool and wool production methods for wool 

produced in the United States. 

• Disseminate information on improvements to United 

States wool producers. 

• Assist United States wool producers in developing 

and promoting the wool market. 

Annual reports to Congress are required on the financial 

condition and the results of the operations of the trust fund 

during the past fiscal year and on its expected condition and 

operations during the next fiscal year. 

TABLE TF-14.—Wool Research, Development, and Promotion Trust Fund 

Results of Operations, Fiscal Year 2008 

[In thousands of dollars. Source: Department of Agriculture] 

Balance Oct. 1, 2007 ................................................................................................................................................................................................ -

Receipts: 

Harmonized tariff................................................................................................................................................................................................... 2,250

Total receipts..................................................................................................................................................................................................... 2,250

Expenses: 

Expenditure ........................................................................................................................................................................................................... 2,250

Total expenses.................................................................................................................................................................................................. 2,250

Balance Sept. 30, 2008............................................................................................................................................................................................ -

Wool Research, Development, and Promotion Trust Fund 

Expected Condition and Results of Operations, Fiscal Year 2009 

[In thousands of dollars. Source: Department of Agriculture] 

Balance Oct. 1........................................................................................................................................................................................................... -

Receipts: 

Harmonized tariff................................................................................................................................................................................................... 2,250

Total receipts..................................................................................................................................................................................................... 2,250

Expenses: 

Expenditure ........................................................................................................................................................................................................... 2,250

Total expenses.................................................................................................................................................................................................. 2,250

Balance Sept. 30...................................................................................................................................................................................................... -
March 2009 

145

Research Paper Series 

Available through the Office of the Assistant Secretary for Economic Policy 

9002. “Historical Trends in the U.S. Cost of Capital.” Robert Gillingham and John S. Greenlees. December 1990. 

9003. “The Effect of Marginal Tax Rates on Capital Gains Revenue: Another Look at the Evidence.” Robert Gillingham and 

John S. Greenlees. December 1990. 

9004. “An Econometric Model of Capital Gains Realization Behavior.” Robert Gillingham, John S. Greenlees, and Kimberly 

D. Zieschang. August 1990. 

9101. “The Impact of Government Deficits on Personal and National Saving Rates.” (Revised) Michael R. Darby, Robert 

Gillingham, and John S. Greenlees. February 1991. 

9102. “Social Security and the Public Debt.” James E. Duggan. October 1991. 

9201. “Issues in Eastern European Social Security Reform.” John C. Hambor. June 1992. 

9202. “Life-Health Insurance Markets.” John S. Greenlees and James E. Duggan. July 1992. 

9203. “Property-Casualty Insurance Markets.” Lucy Huffman and David Bernstein. August 1992. 

9301. “The Bank-Reported Data in the U.S. Balance of Payments: Basic Features and an Assessment of their Reliability.” 

Michael Cayton. February 1993. 

9302. “The Returns Paid to Early Social Security Cohorts.” James E. Duggan, Robert Gillingham, and John S. Greenlees. 

April 1993. 

9303. “Distributional Effects of Social Security: The Notch Issue Revisited.” James E. Duggan, Robert Gillingham, and John 

S. Greenlees. Revised April 1995. 

9501. “Progressive Returns to Social Security? An Answer from Social Security Records.” James E. Duggan, Robert 

Gillingham, and John S. Greenlees. November 1995. 

9701. “Housing Bias in the CPI and Its Effects on the Budget Deficit and Social Security Trust Fund.” James E. Duggan, 

Robert Gillingham, and John S. Greenlees. January 1997. 

9702. “An Improved Method for Estimating the Total Taxable Resources of the States.” Michael Compson and John 

Navratil. December 1997. 

2001-01. “Some Regulatory and Institutional Barriers to Congestion Pricing at Airports.” Edward Murphy and John D. 

Worth. May 2001. 

2001-02. “Actuarial Nonequivalence in Early and Delayed Social Security Benefit Claims.” James E. Duggan and 

Christopher J. Soares. June 2001. 
RESEARCH PAPER SERIES 

March 2009 

146 

2003-01. “Annuity Risk: Volatility and Inflation Exposure in Payments from Immediate Life Annuities.” Christopher J. 

Soares and Mark Warshawsky. January 2003. 

2005-01. “Possible Alternatives to the Medicare Trustees’ Long-Term Projections of Health Spending.” Jason D. Brown and 

Ralph M. Monaco. January 2005. 

2005-02. “The Long-Term Real Interest Rate for Social Security.” James A. Girola. March 2005. 

2006-01. “Implications of Returns on Treasury Inflation-Indexed Securities for Projections of the Long-Term Real Interest 

Rate.” James A. Girola. March 2006. 

2007-01. “Mortality and Lifetime Income Evidence from Social Security Records.” James E. Duggan, Robert Gillingham, 

and John S. Greenlees. December 2006. 

2007-02. “The Impact of Post-9/11 Visa Policies on Travel to the United States.” Brent Neiman and Phillip L. Swagel. 

June 2007. 

2008-01. “Prefunding Social Security Benefits to Achieve Intergenerational Fairness: Can It Be Done in the Social Security 

Trust Fund?” Randall P. Mariger. December 2008. 

2008-02. “Do Social Security Surpluses Pay Down Publicly Held Debt? Evidence from Budget Data.” Randall P. Mariger. 

December 2008. 

Copies may be obtained by writing to: 

Ann Bailey, Department of the Treasury 

1500 Pennsylvania Ave., NW., Room 4409 MT 

Washington, DC 20220 

Telephone (202) 622-1519 or fax (202) 622-4112
March 2009 

147

Glossary 

With References to Applicable Sections and Tables 

Source: Financial Management Service 

Amounts outstanding and in circulation (USCC)—Includes 

all issues by the Bureau of the Mint purposely intended as a 

medium of exchange. Coins sold by the Bureau of the Mint at 

premium prices are excluded; however, uncirculated coin sets 

sold at face value plus handling charge are included. 

Average discount rate (PDO-1, -2)—In Treasury bill auctions, 

purchasers tender competitive bids on a discount rate basis. 

The average discount rate is the weighted, or adjusted, 

average of all bids accepted in the auction. 

Budget authority (“Federal Fiscal Operations”)—Congress 

passes laws giving budget authority to Government entities, 

which gives the agencies the power to spend Federal funds. 

Congress can stipulate various criteria for the spending of 

these funds. For example, Congress can stipulate that a given 

agency must spend within a specific year, number of years, or 

any time in the future. 

The basic forms of budget authority are appropriations, 

authority to borrow, contract authority, and authority to 

obligate and expend offsetting receipts and collections. The 

period of time during which Congress makes funds available 

may be specified as 1-year, multiple-year, or no-year. The 

available amount may be classified as either definite or 

indefinite; a specific amount or an unspecified amount can 

be made available. Authority also may be classified as 

current or permanent. Permanent authority requires no 

current action by Congress. 

Budget deficit—The total, cumulative amount by which 

budget outlays (spending) exceed budget receipts (income). 

Cash management bills (PDO-1)—Marketable Treasury 

bills of irregular maturity lengths, sold periodically to fund 

short-term cash needs of Treasury. Their sale, having higher 

minimum and multiple purchase requirements than those of 

other issues, is generally restricted to competitive bidders. 

Competitive tenders (“Treasury Financing Operations”)—

A bid to purchase a stated amount of one issue of Treasury 

securities at a specified yield or discount. The bid is accepted 

if it is within the range accepted in the auction. (See 

Noncompetitive tenders.) 

Currency no longer issued (USCC)—Old and new series 

gold and silver certificates, Federal Reserve notes, national 

bank notes, and 1890 Series Treasury notes. 

 Debt outstanding subject to limitation (FD-6)—The debt 

incurred by the Treasury subject to the statutory limit set by 

Congress. Until World War I, a specific amount of debt was 

authorized to each separate security issue. Beginning with the 

Second Liberty Loan Act of 1917, the nature of the limitation 

was modified until, in 1941, it developed into an overall limit 

on the outstanding Federal debt. As of December 2008, the 

debt limit was $11,315,000 million; the limit may change 

from year to year. 

The debt subject to limitation includes most of 

Treasury’s public debt except securities issued to the Federal 

Financing Bank, upon which there is a limitation of $15 

billion, and certain categories of older debt (totaling 

approximately $595 million as of February 1991). 

Discount—The interest deducted in advance when purchasing 

notes or bonds. (See Accrued discount.) 

Discount rate (PDO-1)—The difference between par value 

and the actual purchase price paid, annualized over a 360-day 

year. Because this rate is less than the actual yield (couponequivalent rate), the yield should be used in any comparison 

with coupon issue securities. 

Dollar coins (USCC)—Include standard silver and nonsilver 

coins. 

Domestic series (FD-2)—Nonmarketable, interest- and noninterest-bearing securities issued periodically by Treasury to 

the Resolution Funding Corporation (RFC) for investment of 

funds authorized under section 21B of the Federal Home Loan 

Bank Act (12 United States Code 1441b). 

Federal intrafund transactions (“Federal Fiscal Operations”)—Intrabudgetary transactions in which payments and 

receipts both occur within the same Federal fund group 

(Federal funds or trust funds). 

Federal Reserve notes (USCC)—Issues by the U.S. 

Government to the public through the Federal Reserve banks 

and their member banks. They represent money owed by the 

Government to the public. Currently, the item “Federal 

Reserve notes—amounts outstanding” consists of new series 

issues. The Federal Reserve note is the only class of currency 

currently issued. 

Foreign (“Foreign Currency Positions,” IFS-2, -3)—

Locations other than those included under the definition of the 

United States. (See United States.) 

Foreigner (“Capital Movements,” IFS-2)—All institutions 

and individuals living outside the United States, including 

U.S. citizens living abroad, and branches, subsidiaries, and 

other affiliates abroad of U.S. banks and business concerns; 

central governments, central banks, and other official 

institutions of countries other than the United States; and 
GLOSSARY 

March 2009 

148

international and regional organizations, wherever located. 

Also refers to persons in the United States to the extent that 

they are known by reporting institutions to be acting for 

foreigners. 

Foreign official institutions (“Capital Movements”)—

Includes central governments of foreign countries, including 

all departments and agencies of national governments; central 

banks, exchange authorities, and all fiscal agents of foreign 

national governments that undertake activities similar to those 

of a treasury, central bank, or stabilization fund; diplomatic 

and consular establishments of foreign national governments; 

and any international or regional organization, including 

subordinate and affiliate agencies, created by treaty or 

convention between sovereign states. 

Foreign public borrower (“Capital Movements”)—Includes 

foreign official institutions, as defined above, the corporations 

and agencies of foreign central governments, including 

development banks and institutions, and other agencies that 

are majority-owned by the central government or its 

departments; and state provincial and local governments of 

foreign countries and their departments and agencies. 

Foreign-targeted issue (PDO-2)—Foreign-targeted issues 

were notes sold between October 1984 and February 1986 to 

foreign institutions, foreign branches of U.S. institutions, 

foreign central banks or monetary authorities, or to 

international organizations in which the United States held 

membership. Sold as companion issues, they could be 

converted to domestic (normal) Treasury notes with the same 

maturity and interest rates. Interest was paid annually. 

Fractional coins (USCC)—Coins minted in denominations 

of 50, 25, and 10 cents, and minor coins (5 cents and 1 cent). 

Government account series (FD-2)—Certain trust fund 

statutes require the Secretary of the Treasury to apply monies 

held by these funds toward the issuance of nonmarketable 

special securities. These securities are sold directly by 

Treasury to a specific Government agency, trust fund, or 

account. Their rate is based on an average of market yields on 

outstanding Treasury obligations, and they may be redeemed 

at the option of the holder. Roughly 80 percent of these are 

issued to five holders: the Federal Old-Age and Survivors 

Insurance Trust Fund; the civil service retirement and 

disability fund; the Federal Hospital Insurance Trust Fund; the 

military retirement fund; and the Unemployment Trust Fund. 

Interfund transactions (“Federal Fiscal Operations”)—

Transactions in which payments are made from one fund 

group (either Federal funds or trust funds) to a receipt account 

in another group. 

International Monetary Fund (“Exchange Stabilization 

Fund,” IFS-1)—(IMF) Established by the United Nations, 

the IMF promotes international trade, stability of exchange, 

and monetary cooperation. Members are allowed to draw 

from the fund. 

Intrabudgetary transactions (“Federal Fiscal Operations”)—

These occur when payment and receipt both occur within the 

budget, or when payment is made from off-budget Federal 

entities whose budget authority and outlays are excluded from 

the budget totals. 

Noncompetitive tenders (“Treasury Financing Operations”)—This is a tender or bid to purchase a stated par 

amount of securities at the highest yield or discount rate 

awarded to competitive bidders for a single-price auction. 

Obligations (“Federal Fiscal Operations”)—An unpaid 

commitment to acquire goods or services. 

Off-budget Federal entities (“Federal Fiscal Operations”)—

Federally owned and controlled entities whose transactions are 

excluded from the budget totals under provisions of law. Their 

receipts, outlays, and surplus or deficit are not included in 

budget receipts, outlays, or deficits. Their budget authority is 

not included in totals of the budget. 

Outlays (“Federal Fiscal Operations”)—Payments on 

obligations in the form of cash, checks, the issuance of bonds 

or notes, or the maturing of interest coupons. 

Own foreign offices (“Capital Movements”)—Refers to 

U.S. reporting institutions’ parent organizations, branches 

and/or majority-owned subsidiaries located outside the United 

States. 

Par value—The face value of bonds or notes, including 

interest. 

Quarterly financing (“Treasury Financing Operations”)—

Treasury has historically offered packages of several 

“coupon” security issues on the 15th of February, May, 

August, and November, or on the next working day. These 

issues currently consist of a 3-year note, a 10-year note, and a 

30-year bond. Treasury sometimes offers additional amounts 

of outstanding long-term notes or bonds, rather than selling 

new security issues. (See Reopening.) 

Receipts (“Federal Fiscal Operations”)—Funds collected 

from selling land, capital, or services, as well as collections 

from the public (budget receipts), such as taxes, fines, duties, 

and fees. 

Reopening (PDO-2)—The offer for sale of additional 

amounts of outstanding issues, rather than an entirely new 

issue. A reopened issue will always have the same maturity 

date, CUSIP-number, and interest rate as the original issue. 

Special drawing rights (“Exchange Stabilization Fund,” 

IFS-1)—International assets created by IMF that serve to 

increase international liquidity and provide additional 

international reserves. SDRs may be purchased and sold 

among eligible holders through IMF. (See IMF.) 

SDR allocations are the counterpart to SDRs issued by 

IMF based on members’ quotas in IMF. Although shown in 

Exchange Stabilization Fund (ESF) statements as liabilities, 
GLOSSARY 

March 2009 

149

they must be redeemed by ESF only in the event of 

liquidation of, or U.S. withdrawal from, the SDR department 

of IMF or cancellation of SDRs. 

SDR certificates are issued to the Federal Reserve 

System against SDRs when SDRs are legalized as money. 

Proceeds of monetization are deposited into an ESF account 

at the Federal Reserve Bank of New York. 

Spot (“Foreign Currency Positions”)—Due for receipt or 

delivery within 2 workdays. 

State and local government series (SLGS) (FD-2)—Special 

nonmarketable certificates, notes, and bonds offered to State 

and local governments as a means to invest proceeds from 

their own tax-exempt financing. Interest rates and maturities 

comply with IRS arbitrage provisions. SLGS are offered in 

both time deposit and demand deposit forms. Time deposit 

certificates have maturities of up to 1 year. Notes mature in 1 

to 10 years and bonds mature in more than 10 years. Demand 

deposit securities are 1-day certificates rolled over with a rate 

adjustment daily. 

Statutory debt limit (FD-6)—By Act of Congress there is a 

limit, either temporary or permanent, on the amount of public 

debt that may be outstanding. When this limit is reached, 

Treasury may not sell new debt issues until Congress 

increases or extends the limit. For a detailed listing of changes 

in the limit since 1941, see the Budget of the United States 

Government. (See debt outstanding subject to limitation.) 

STRIPS (PDO-2)—Separate Trading of Registered Interest 

and Principal Securities. Long-term notes and bonds may be 

divided into principal and interest-paying components, which 

may be transferred and sold in amounts as small as $1,000. 

STRIPS are sold at auction at a minimum par amount, varying 

for each issue. The amount is an arithmetic function of the 

issue’s interest rate. 

Treasury bills—The shortest term Federal security (maturity 

dates normally varying from 3 to 12 months), are sold at a 

discount. 

Trust fund transaction (“Federal Fiscal Operations”)—

An intrabudgetary transaction in which both payments and 

receipts occur within the same trust fund group. 

United States—Includes the 50 States, District of Columbia, 

Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, American Samoa, Midway 

Island, Virgin Islands, Wake Island, and all other territories 

and possessions. 

U.S. notes (USCC)—Legal tender notes of five different 

issues: 1862 ($5-$1,000 notes); 1862 ($1-$2 notes); 1863 ($5-

$1,000 notes); 1863 ($1-$10,000 notes); and 1901 ($10 notes). 
Personal name (Please type or print)

Company name

Street address

City, State, Zip code

Daytime phone including area code

❑ Check payable to Superintendent of Documents

❑ SOD Deposit Account

❑ Vis  ❑ MasterCar  ❑ Discover/NOVUS ❑ American Expre

(expiration date)

AUTHORIZING SIGNATURE 10/07

Thank you for your order!

Check Method of Payment:

Order Processing Code: 3509 Easy Secure Internet:

bookstore.gpo.gov

Toll Free: 866 512–1800

DC Area: 202 512–1800

Fax: 202 512–2104

Mail: U.S. Government Printing Office

PO Box 979050

St. Louis, MO 63197–9000

PUBLICATION AND SUBSCRIPTION

ORDER FORM

Qty Stock Number Publication Title Price Total Price

Qty List ID Title Price Total Price

Prices include regular domestic postage and handling and are subject to change.

International customers please add 40%

Publications

Subscription

Total for Publications

Total for Publications

Total Cost of Order

Please return order form with payment

Thank you for your interest in U.S. Government Information. ALL SALES ARE FINAL.

Fax or e-mail