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You are here: Home / Invasive and Noxious Weeds / Invasive and Noxious Weeds Results Printer-Friendly / Download

Invasive and Noxious Weeds

NRCS Invasive Species Policy

Invasive Species Executive Order 13112

Federal and State Noxious Weeds

665 records returned

Click on an accepted name below to view its PLANTS Profile with more information, and web links if available. Noxious weeds that are synonyms retain their noxious

status, and are indented beneath the current PLANTS accepted name.

United States Plant Protection and Quarantine. 2010. Federal noxious weed list (1 May 2010). USDA Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service.

USDA APHIS Plant Protection and Quarantine. 2005. Federal domestic quarantines (24 May 2006). USDA APHIS Plant Protection and

Quarantine.

Alabama Division of Plant Industry. 2003. Summary of plant protection regulations (20 October 2003). Alabama Department of Agriculture and

Industries.

Alaska Division of Agriculture. 1996. State of Alaska prohibited and restricted noxious weeds (20 October 2003). Alaska Department of

Natural Resources.

Arizona Plant Services Division. 2005. Prohibited, regulated and restricted noxious weeds (1 May 2006). Arizona Department of Agriculture.

Arkansas Arkansas State Plant Board. 1997. Regulations on plant diseases and pests (20 October 2003). Arkansas State Plant Board.

California California Department of Food and Agriculture. 2003. Pest ratings of noxious weed species and noxious weed seed (20 October 2003).

California Department of Food and Agriculture.

California Department of Food and Agriculture. 2003. Plant quarantine manual, California plant quarantine policy - weeds (20 October

2003). California Department of Food and Agriculture.

Food and Agriculture Code. 2003. Camelthorn, Section 7301-7305 (20 October 2003). State of California.

Food and Agriculture Code. 2003. Hydrilla, Section 6048-6049 (20 October 2003). State of California.

Colorado Plant Industry Division. 2003. Rules pertaining to the administration and enforcement of the Colorado Noxious Weed Act (23 January

2006). Colorado Department of Agriculture.

Connecticut Connecticut Invasive Plants Council. 2004. Connecticut invasive plant list (20 April 2005). Connecticut Invasive Plants Council.

Delaware Delaware Department of Agriculture. 1986. Rules and regulations for noxious weed control (23 January 2006). Delaware Department

of Agriculture.

Florida Bureau of Aquatic Plant Management. 2002. Aquatic plant importation, transportation, non-nursery cultivation, possession and

collection (20 October 2003). Florida Department of Environmental Protection.

Division of Plant Industry. 2000. Introduction or release of plant pests, noxious weeds, arthropods, and biological control agents (20

October 2003). Florida Department of Agriculture & Consumer Services.

Hawaii Division of Plant Industry. 2003. List of plant species designated as noxious weeds (20 October 2003). Hawaii Department of

Agriculture.

Idaho Idaho Department of Agriculture. 2006. Noxious weed rules (24 May 2006). Idaho Department of Agriculture.

Illinois Illinois Administrative Code. 2002. Illinois noxious weed law (20 October 2003). State of Illinois.

Indiana Division of Entomology and Plant Pathology. 2003. Summary of plant protection regulations (20 October 2003). Indiana Department of

Natural Resources.

Iowa Iowa Department of Agriculture & Land Stewardship. 2002. The Iowa weed law (20 October 2003). Iowa Department of Agriculture &

land Stewardship.

Kansas Division of Plant Health. 2003. Kansas noxious weed law (20 October 2003). Kansas Department of Agriculture.

Kentucky Kentucky Revised Statutes. 1990. Department to eradicate noxious weeds on right-of-ways -- advertisement of program (1 May

2006). State of Kentucky.

Louisiana Louisiana State Code. 1995. Agriculture and forestry. State of Louisiana.

Maine Public Laws of Maine. 1999. An act to prevent the spread of invasive aquatic plants (20 October 2003). State of Maine.

Maryland Annotated Code of Maryland. 1994. Weed control (20 October 2003). State of Maryland.

Massachusetts Bureau of Farm Products & Plant Industries. 2006. Massachusetts prohibited plant list (23 January 2006). Massachusetts Department

of Agricultural Resources.

Michigan Pesticide and Plant Pest Management Division. 2002. Noxious and restricted weeds and prohibited plants - Michigan (20 October

2003). Michigan Department of Agriculture.

Minnesota Agronomy Services Division. 2003. Minnesota noxious weed rules (20 October 2003). Minnesota Department of Agriculture.

Mississippi Bureau of Plant Industry. 2004. Regulation of noxious weeds (24 May 2006). State of Mississippi.

Missouri Revised Statues of Missouri. 2004. Insect pests and weeds (20 October 2003). Missouri Department of Agriculture.

Montana Montana Department of Agriculture. 2003. Montana noxious weeds list (24 May 2006). Montana Department of Agriculture.

Nebraska Bureau of Plant Industry. 1989. Noxious weed regulations (24 May 2006). Nebraska Department of Agriculture.

Nevada Nevada Administrative Code. 2003. Control of insects, pests, and noxious weeds (20 October 2003). State of Nevada.

New Hampshire New Hampshire Code of Administrative Rules. 2004. Invasive species, Chapter Agr. 3800 (15 September 2004). State of New

Hampshire.

New Mexico Office of the Director/Secretary. 1998. New Mexico noxious weed list (20 October 2003). New Mexico Department of Agriculture.

North Carolina North Carolina Department of Agriculture. 2003. Regulations for state noxious weeds (20 October 2003). North Carolina Department

of Agriculture.

North Dakota North Dakota Century Code. 2003. Noxious weed control (20 October 2003). State of North Dakota.

Ohio Plant Industry Division. 1997. Noxious weeds (20 October 2003). Ohio Department of Agriculture.

Oklahoma Oklahoma House of Representatives. 1998. House Bill 2277 (20 October 2003). State of Oklahoma.

Oregon Oregon Administrative Rules. 2006. Quarantine; noxious weeds, Chapter 603-52-1200 (24 May 2006). State of Oregon.

Oregon Department of Agriculture. 2006. Noxious weed policy and classification system (24 May 2006). Oregon Department of

Agriculture.

Pennsylvania Pennsylvania Department of Agriculture. 2000. Pennsylvania noxious weed control list (20 October 2003). Pennsylvania Department of

Agriculture.

South Carolina South Carolina Aquatic Nuisance Species Program. 2003. Illegal aquatic plants in South Carolina (20 October 2003). South Carolina

Department of Natural Resources.

State Crop Pest Commission. 1996. Designation of plant pests (24 May 2006). State of South Carolina.

South Dakota South Dakota Code. 1992. Plant quarantine & treatment, Chapter 38-24a, Article 12:51 (24 May 2006). State of South Dakota.

South Dakota Code. 2005. South Dakota weed and pest control, Chapter 38-22, Article 12:62 (24 May 2006). State of South Dakota.

Tennessee Department of Agriculture of Tennessee. 1998. Plant pest act (20 October 2003). Department of Agriculture of Tennessee.

Texas Texas Administrative Code. 2005. Quarantines and noxious plants, Chapter 19 (24 May 2006). State of Texas.

Utah Utah Department of Agriculture. 2003. Utah noxious weed act (20 October 2003). Utah Department of Agriculture.

Vermont Vermont Department of Agriculture, Food and Markets. 2003. Quarantine #3 - noxious weeds (20 October 2003). Vermont

Department of Agriculture, Food and Markets.

Virginia Virginia Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services. 2003. Virginia noxious weed law (20 October 2003). Virginia Department

of Agriculture and Consumer Services.

State and Federal Noxious Weeds List | USDA PLANTS http://plants.usda.gov/java/noxComposite?sort=fedStatus

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Washington Washington Administrative Code. 2005. Noxious weed control, Chapter 16-752 (24 May 2006). State of Washington.

Washington Administrative Code. 2005. State noxious weed list and schedule of monetary penalties, Chapter 16-750 (24 May 2006).

State of Washington.

West Virginia West Virginia Department of Agriculture. 2003. Regulations governing the distribution of plant material in West Virginia. West Virginia

Department of Agriculture.

Wisconsin Doll, J. 1990. Noxious weeds in Wisconsin (20 October 2003). University of Wisconsin Cooperative Extension Programs.

Wyoming Wyoming Department of Agriculture. 2003. Designated noxious weeds and prohibited noxious weeds (20 October 2003). Wyoming

Department of Agriculture.

Symbol Scientific Name Common Name

Federal

Noxious

Status† State Noxious Status† Native Status*

ABTH Abutilon theophrasti Medik. velvetleaf CO (CW), IA (SNW), OR (BDW, Q), WA (CAW, NWSPQ) L48 (I), CAN (I)

ACME80 Acacia mearnsii De Wild. black wattle HI (NW) L48 (I), HI (I)

ACPA8 Acacia paradoxa DC. paradox acacia CA (BW) L48 (I)

ACNO7 Acaena novae-zelandiae Kirk biddy-biddy L48 (I)

ACNO4 Acaena novae-zelandica Kirk,

orth. var.

CA (AW), HI (NW), OR (BDW, Q)

ACPA14 Acaena pallida (Kirk) Allen pale biddy-biddy CA (AW) L48 (I)

ACGI Acer ginnala Maxim. Amur maple CT (PINB) L48 (I), CAN (I)

ACPL Acer platanoides L. Norway maple CT (INB), MA (P) L48 (I), CAN (I)

ACPS Acer pseudoplatanus L. sycamore maple CT (PIB), MA (P) L48 (I), CAN (I)

ACBR5 Achnatherum brachychaetum

(Godr.) Barkworth

shortbristled

needlegrass

CA (AW) L48 (I)

STBR3 Stipa brachychaeta Godr. AZ (PNW)

ACRE3 Acroptilon repens (L.) DC. hardheads AZ (PNW, RNW), CA (BW), CO (BW), HI (NW), NM (CBW), ND (NW),

OR (BDW, Q), WA (CBW)

L48 (I), CAN (I)

CERE6 Centaurea repens L. AK (NW), ID (NW), IA (PRNW), KS (NW), MT (CAT1), NV (NW), SC

(PP), SD (NW, RNPS), UT (NW), WY (NW)

AECY Aegilops cylindrica Host jointed goatgrass AZ (PNW, RNW), CA (BW), CO (CW), ID (NW), NM (CCW), OR (BDW,

Q), WA (CCW)

L48 (I)

AEGE Aegilops geniculata Roth ovate goatgrass L48 (I)

AEOV2 Aegilops ovata L. p.p. CA (BW), OR (ADW, Q)

AETR Aegilops triuncialis L. barbed goatgrass CA (BW), OR (ADW, Q) L48 (I)

AEPO Aegopodium podagraria L. bishop's goutweed CT (IB), MA (P), VT (CBW) L48 (I), CAN (I),

SPM (I)

AEIN Aeschynomene indica L. Indian jointvetch HI (NW) L48 (N), PR (N)

AERU Aeschynomene rudis Benth. zigzag jointvetch CA (BW) L48 (N), PR (N)

AEVI3 Aeschynomene virginica (L.)

Britton, Sterns & Poggenb.

Virginia jointvetch AR (NW) L48 (N)

AGRI2 Ageratina riparia (Regel) King &

H. Rob.

spreading

snakeroot

HI (NW) HI (I)

AGGI Agrostemma githago L. common corncockle AR (NW), SC (PP) L48 (I), AK (I),

CAN (I)

AIAL Ailanthus altissima (Mill.)

Swingle

tree of heaven CT (IB), MA (P), NH (PIS), VT (CBW) L48 (I), HI (I),

CAN (I)

ALMA12 Alhagi maurorum Medik. camelthorn CA (AW, PN), WA (CBW) L48 (I)

ALCA Alhagi camelorum Fisch. NV (NW), TX (NP)

ALPS3 Alhagi pseudalhagi (M. Bieb.)

Desv. ex B. Keller &

Schaparenko

AZ (PNW, RNW), CO (AW), NM (CAW), OR (ADW, Q)

ALPE4 Alliaria petiolata (M. Bieb.)

Cavara & Grande

garlic mustard AL (CAW), CT (IB), MA (P), MN (PNW), NH (PIS), OR (BDW, Q), VT

(CBW), WA (CAW, NWSPQ)

L48 (I), AK (I),

CAN (I)

ALLIU Allium L. onion AR (NW)

ALNE3 Allium neapolitanum Cirillo white garlic L48 (I)

NOIN3 Nothoscordum inodorum

(Aiton) G. Nicholson

CA (BW)

ALPA20 Allium paniculatum L. Mediterranean

onion

CA (BW) L48 (I)

ALVI Allium vineale L. wild garlic CA (BW), HI (NW) L48 (I), AK (I),

CAN (I)

ALVIC3 Allium vineale L. ssp.

compactum (Thuill.) Coss. &

Germ.

compact onion HI (NW) L48 (I)

ALMY Alopecurus myosuroides Huds. slender meadow

foxtail

WA (CBW) L48 (I), CAN (N)

ALTER2 Alternanthera Forssk. joyweed AR (NW)

ALPH Alternanthera philoxeroides

(Mart.) Griseb.

alligatorweed AL (CCW), AZ (PNW), CA (AW), FL (PAP1), SC (ILAP, PP), TX (NP) L48 (I), PR (I)

ALCO16 Alyssum corsicum Duby yellowtuft OR (NW) L48 (I), NA (I)

ALMU Alyssum murale Waldst. & Kit. yellowtuft OR (NW) L48 (I), CAN (I)

AMAR2 Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.1 annual ragweed IL (NW), OR (BDW, Q) L48 (N), HI (I),

CAN (N)

AMARE Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. var.

elatior (L.) Descourtils

annual ragweed L48 (I), HI (I),

CAN (N)

AMEL2 Ambrosia elatior L. MI (NW)

AMGR5 Ambrosia grayi (A. Nelson)

Shinners

woollyleaf bur

ragweed

KS (NW) L48 (N)

AMTO3 Ambrosia tomentosa Nutt. skeletonleaf bur

ragweed

ID (NW), OR (ADW, Q) L48 (N)

FRDI3 Franseria discolor Nutt. WY (NW)

AMTR Ambrosia trifida L.1 great ragweed CA (BW), DE (NW), IL (NW) L48 (N), CAN

(N)

AMFR Amorpha fruticosa L. false indigo bush CT (PIB), WA (CBW, NWSPQ) L48 (N), CAN

(N)

AMBR7 Ampelopsis brevipedunculata

(Maxim.) Trautv.

Amur peppervine CT (PINB), MA (P) L48 (I)

ANAR16 Anchusa arvensis (L.) M. Bieb. small bugloss WA (CBW) L48 (I), CAN (I)

ANOF Anchusa officinalis L. common bugloss OR (BDW, Q), WA (CBW, NWSPQ) L48 (I), CAN (I)

ANBI Andropogon bicornis L. barbas de indio HI (NW) L48 (N), PR (N),

VI (N)

ANVI2 Andropogon virginicus L. broomsedge

bluestem

HI (NW) L48 (N), HI (I),

PR (N), CAN (N)

ANCR2 Anoda cristata (L.) Schltdl. crested anoda CO (BW) L48 (N), PR (N)

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ANCO6 Anredera cordifolia (Ten.) Steenis heartleaf

madeiravine

HI (NW) L48 (I), HI (I),

PR (I)

ANAR6 Anthemis arvensis L. corn chamomile CO (BW) L48 (I), HI (I),

CAN (I)

ANCO2 Anthemis cotula L. stinking chamomile CO (BW), NV (NW) L48 (I), AK (I),

HI (I), CAN (I)

ANSY Anthriscus sylvestris (L.) Hoffm. wild chervil MA (P), WA (CBW, NWSPQ) L48 (I), CAN (I)

ARSE8 Araujia sericifera Brot. white bladderflower CA (BW) L48 (I)

ARMI2 Arctium minus Bernh. lesser burdock CO (CW), WY (NW) L48 (I), CAN (I),

SPM (I)

ARCA45 Arctotheca calendula (L.) Levyns Capeweed CA (AW) L48 (I)

AREL4 Ardisia elliptica Thunb. shoebutton HI (NW) L48 (I), HI (I)

ARAB3 Artemisia absinthium L. absinthium CO (BW), ND (NW), WA (CCW) L48 (I), CAN (I)

ARHI3 Arthraxon hispidus (Thunb.)

Makino

small carpgrass CT (PIB), MA (P) L48 (I), HI (I)

ARDO4 Arundo donax L. giant reed TX (NP) L48 (I), HI (I),

PR (I), VI (I)

BASC5 Bassia scoparia (L.) A.J. Scott burningbush L48 (I), CAN (I)

KOSC Kochia scoparia (L.) Schrad. CT (PIB), OR (BDW, Q), WA (CBW, NWSPQ) CAN (I)

BERBE Berberis L.2 barberry MI (P)

BETH Berberis thunbergii DC. Japanese barberry CT (INB), MA (P) L48 (I), CAN (I)

BEVU Berberis vulgaris L. common barberry CT (IB), MA (P), NH (PIS) L48 (I), CAN (I)

BEIN2 Berteroa incana (L.) DC. hoary alyssum MI (NW) L48 (I), CAN (I)

BOFR2 Bocconia frutescens L. parrotweed HI (NW) HI (I), PR (N)

BRSY Brachypodium sylvaticum

(Huds.) P. Beauv.

slender false brome OR (BDW, Q) L48 (I)

BRASS2 Brassica L. mustard MI (NW)

BRRA2 Bromus racemosus L. bald brome L48 (I), AK (I),

CAN (I)

BRCO4 Bromus commutatus Schrad. AR (NW) CAN (I)

BRSE Bromus secalinus L. rye brome AR (NW) L48 (I), AK (I),

HI (I), CAN (I)

BRTE Bromus tectorum L. cheatgrass CO (CW), CT (PIB) L48 (I), AK (I),

HI (I), CAN (I),

GL (I)

BRAL4 Bryonia alba L. white bryony WA (CBW) L48 (I)

BUDA2 Buddleja davidii Franch.3 orange eye

butterflybush

OR (BDW, Q), WA (CCW) L48 (I), HI (I),

PR (I), CAN (I)

BUUM Butomus umbellatus L. flowering rush CT (PIB), VT (CBW), WA (WAWQ) L48 (I), CAN (I)

CACA Cabomba caroliniana A. Gray Carolina fanwort CA (QW), CT (IB), ME (IAP), MA (P), VT (CAW), WA (CBW, WAWQ) L48 (N), CAN

(N)

CAST Callitriche stagnalis Scop. pond waterstarwortCT (PIB) L48 (I), CAN (I),

SPM (I)

CASE13 Calystegia sepium (L.) R. Br. hedge false

bindweed

TX (NP) L48 (NI), CAN

(N), SPM (I)

CASES Calystegia sepium (L.) R. Br. ssp.

sepium

hedge false

bindweed

L48 (I)

COSE14 Convolvulus sepium L. AR (NW)

CASA3 Cannabis sativa L. marijuana IL (NW), MN (PNW), MO (NW), PA (NW), WV (NW) L48 (I), HI (I),

PR (I), CAN (I)

CAIM Cardamine impatiens L. narrowleaf

bittercress

CT (IB), MA (P) L48 (I), CAN (I)

CACH42 Cardaria chalepensis (L.)

Hand.-Maz.

lenspod whitetop L48 (I), CAN (I)

CACH10 Cardaria chalapensis (L.)

Hand.-Maz., orth. var.

AZ (PNW), CA (BW), OR (BDW, Q) CAN (I)

CADR Cardaria draba (L.) Desv. whitetop AK (NW), AZ (PNW, RNW), CA (BW), CO (BW), ID (NW), KS (NW), MT

(CAT1), NV (NW), NM (CAW), OR (BDW, Q), SD (NW, RNPS), UT (NW),

WA (CCW), WY (NW)

L48 (I), CAN (I)

LEDR Lepidium draba L. IA (PRNW)

CAPU6 Cardaria pubescens (C.A. Mey.)

Jarmolenko

hairy whitetop AK (NW), AZ (PNW), CA (BW), HI (NW), OR (BDW, Q), WA (CCW), WY

(NW)

L48 (I), CAN (I)

CAHA13 Cardiospermum halicacabum L. balloon vine AL (CCW), AR (NW), SC (PP), TX (NP) L48 (I), HI (I),

PR (N), VI (N)

CARDU Carduus L. plumeless thistle AR (NW), IA (PRNW)

CAAC Carduus acanthoides L. spiny plumeless

thistle

AZ (PNW), CA (AW), CO (BW), MD (NW), MN (PNW), NE (NW), NC

(CBW), OR (ADW, Q), SD (RNPS), WA (CBW, NWSPQ), WV (NW), WY

(NW)

L48 (I), CAN (I)

CACR2 Carduus crispus L. curly plumeless

thistle

WV (NW) L48 (I), CAN (I)

CANU4 Carduus nutans L. nodding plumeless

thistle

CA (AW), CO (BW), ID (NW), IL (NW), KS (NW), KY (NW), MD (NW),

MN (PNW), MO (NW), NE (NW), NV (NW), NM (CBW), NC (CBW), ND

(NW), OH (PNW), OK (NW), OR (BDW, Q), PA (NW), SD (RNPS), UT

(NW), WA (CBW, NWSPQ), WV (NW), WY (NW)

L48 (I), CAN (I)

CAPY2 Carduus pycnocephalus L. Italian plumeless

thistle

CA (CW), OR (BDW, Q), WA (CAW, NWSPQ) L48 (I), HI (I)

CATE2 Carduus tenuiflorus W. Curtis winged plumeless

thistle

CA (CW), OR (BDW, Q), WA (CAW, NWSPQ) L48 (I)

CAKO2 Carex kobomugi Ohwi Japanese sedge CT (PIB), MA (P) L48 (I)

CALA20 Carthamus lanatus L. woolly distaff

thistle

CA (BW), OR (ADW, Q) L48 (I), CAN (I)

CALAC3 Carthamus lanatus L. ssp.

creticus (L.) Holmboe

woolly distaff

thistle

L48 (I), CAN (I)

CABA5 Carthamus baeticus (Boiss. &

Reut.) Nyman

CA (BW), OR (ADW, Q)

CALE52 Carthamus leucocaulos Sm. whitestem distaff

thistle

CA (AW) L48 (I)

CACA19 Carum carvi L. caraway CO (BW) L48 (I), CAN (I),

GL (I), SPM (I)

CASUA Casuarina Rumph. ex L. sheoak FL (PAP1)

CEOR7 Celastrus orbiculatus Thunb. Oriental bittersweet CT (IB), MA (P), NH (PIS), NC (CCW), VT (CBW) L48 (I), CAN (I)

CEEC Cenchrus echinatus L. southern sandbur AZ (PNW, RGNW), CA (CW) L48 (N), HI (I),

PR (N), VI (N)

CELO3 Cenchrus longispinus (Hack.)

Fernald

mat sandbur CA (CW), WA (CBW) L48 (N), CAN

(N)

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CESP4 Cenchrus spinifex Cav. coastal sandbur L48 (N), PR (N),

VI (N)

CEIN4 Cenchrus incertus M.A. Curtis AZ (PNW, RGNW), CA (CW)

CECA2 Centaurea calcitrapa L. red star-thistle AZ (PNW), CA (BW), NV (NW), NM (CAW), OR (ADW, Q), WA (CAW,

NWSPQ)

L48 (I), CAN (I)

CEDI3 Centaurea diffusa Lam. diffuse knapweed AZ (PNW, RNW), CA (AW), CO (BW), ID (NW), MT (CAT1), NE (NW),

NV (NW), NM (CAW), ND (NW), OR (BDW, Q), SD (RNPS), UT (NW),

WA (CBW, NWSPQ), WY (NW)

L48 (I), CAN (I)

CEIB Centaurea iberica Trevir. ex

Spreng.

Iberian knapweed AZ (PNW), CA (AW), NV (NW), OR (ADW, Q) L48 (I)

CEJA Centaurea jacea L. brownray

knapweed

WA (CBW, NWSPQ) L48 (I), CAN (I)

CEMA9 Centaurea macrocephala Puschk.

ex Willd.

bighead knapweed WA (CAW, NWSPQ) L48 (I), CAN (I)

CEME2 Centaurea melitensis L. Maltese star-thistle NV (NW), NM (CBW) L48 (I), HI (I),

CAN (I)

CENI2 Centaurea nigra L. lesser knapweed WA (CBW, NWSPQ) L48 (I), CAN (I),

SPM (I)

CENI3 Centaurea nigrescens Willd. Tyrol knapweed OR (BDW, Q), WA (CAW, NWSPQ) L48 (I), CAN (I)

CEPR2 Centaurea pratensis Thuill.,

nom. illeg., non Salisb.

CO (AW), ID (NW), OR (BDW, Q)

CESO3 Centaurea solstitialis L. yellow star-thistle AZ (PNW, RNW), CA (CW), CO (AW), ID (NW), MT (CAT3), NV (NW),

NM (CAW), ND (NW), OR (BDW, Q), SD (RNPS), UT (NW), WA (CBW)

L48 (I), CAN (I)

CESTM Centaurea stoebe L. ssp.

micranthos (Gugler) Hayek

spotted knapweed L48 (I), HI (I),

CAN (I)

CEBI2 Centaurea biebersteinii DC. CT (IB), MA (P), WA (CBW, NWSPQ)

CEMA4 Centaurea maculosa auct. non

Lam.

AZ (PNW, RNW), CA (AW), CO (BW), ID (NW), MT (CAT1), NE (NW),

NV (NW), NM (CAW), ND (NW), OR (BDW, Q), SD (RNPS), UT (NW),

WY (NW)

CESU Centaurea sulphurea Willd. sulphur knapweed AZ (PNW), CA (BW) L48 (I)

CEVI Centaurea virgata Lam. squarrose

knapweed

CO (AW), OR (ADW, Q) L48 (I)

CEVIS2 Centaurea virgata Lam. ssp.

squarrosa (Willd.) Gugler

squarrose

knapweed

L48 (I)

CESQ Centaurea squarrosa Willd. AZ (PNW), CA (AW), UT (NW)

CEVIS Centaurea virgata Lam. var.

squarrosa (Willd.) Boiss.

NV (NW)

CEPUP6 Centromadia pungens (Hook. &

Arn.) Greene ssp. pungens

common tarweed L48 (N)

HEPU5 Hemizonia pungens (Hook. &

Arn.) Torr. & A. Gray

OR (BDW, Q), WA (CCW)

CEHI3 Cereus hildmannianus K. Schum. hedge cactus HI (I), PR (I)

CEUR Cereus uruguayanus auct. non

Kiesling

HI (NW)

CHMI Chaenorhinum minus (L.) Lange dwarf snapdragon WA (NWSPQ) L48 (I), CAN (I)

CHJU Chondrilla juncea L. rush skeletonweed AZ (PNW), CA (AW), CO (AW), ID (NW), MT (CAT3), NV (NW), OR

(BDW, Q), SD (RNPS), WA (CBW)

L48 (I), CAN (I)

CHTE2 Chorispora tenella (Pall.) DC. crossflower CA (BW) L48 (I), CAN

(W)

CHOD Chromolaena odorata (L.) King &

H. Rob.

Jack in the bush HI (NW) L48 (N), PR (N),

VI (I)

CIIN Cichorium intybus L. chicory CO (CW) L48 (I), CAN (I),

SPM (I)

CIMA2 Cicuta maculata L. spotted water

hemlock

NV (NW) L48 (N), AK (N),

CAN (N)

CIRSI Cirsium Mill. thistle AR (NW), IA (PRNW)

CIAR4 Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop. Canada thistle AK (NW), AZ (PNW), CA (BW), CO (BW), CT (PIB), DE (NW), HI

(NW), ID (NW), IL (NW), IN (NW), IA (PRNW), KS (NW), KY (NW),

MD (NW), MI (NW), MN (PNW), MO (NW), MT (CAT1), NE (NW), NV

(NW), NM (CAW), NC (CBW), ND (NW), OH (PNW), OK (NW), OR

(BDW, Q), PA (NW), SD (NW, RNPS), UT (NW), WA (CCW), WI (NW),

WY (NW)

L48 (I), AK (I),

CAN (I), GL (I),

SPM (I)

CIJA2 Cirsium japonicum Fisch. ex DC. Japanese thistle CA (QW)

CIOC2 Cirsium ochrocentrum A. Gray yellowspine thistle CA (AW) L48 (N)

CIUN Cirsium undulatum (Nutt.)

Spreng.

wavyleaf thistle CA (AW) L48 (N), CAN

(N)

CIVU Cirsium vulgare (Savi) Ten. bull thistle CO (BW), MD (NW), MN (PNW), NM (CBW), OR (BDW, Q), PA (NW),

WA (CCW)

L48 (I), AK (I),

HI (I), CAN (I),

SPM (I)

CILA8 Cirsium lanceolatum (L.)

Scop., non Hill

IA (PRNW)

CIREU Citrus reticulata Blanco ssp.

unshiu (Marcow.) D.Rivera Núñez

et al.

Unshu orange SC (PP)

CLOR Clematis orientalis L. Oriental

virginsbower

CO (BW) L48 (I), CAN (I)

CLVI6 Clematis vitalba L. evergreen clematis OR (BDW, Q), WA (CCW) L48 (I), CAN (I)

CLHIH2 Clidemia hirta (L.) D. Don var.

hirta

soapbush HI (NW) L48 (N)

CNBE Cnicus benedictus L. blessed thistle SC (PP) L48 (I), CAN (I)

COGR9 Coccinia grandis (L.) Voigt ivy gourd HI (NW) L48 (I), HI (I),

VI (I)

COMA2 Conium maculatum L. poison hemlock CO (CW), ID (NW), IA (SNW), NV (NW), NM (CBW), OH (PNW), OR

(BDW, Q), WA (CCW)

L48 (I), CAN (I)

COAR4 Convolvulus arvensis L. field bindweed AK (NW), AZ (PNW, RGNW), AR (NW), CA (CW), CO (CW), HI (NW),

ID (NW), IA (PRNW), KS (NW), MI (NW), MN (PNW), MO (NW), MT

(CAT1), NM (CCW), ND (NW), OR (BDW, Q), SD (RNPS), TX (NP), UT

(NW), WA (CCW), WI (NW), WY (NW)

L48 (I), HI (I),

CAN (I)

COSQ Coronopus squamatus (Forssk.)

Asch.

greater swinecress AZ (PNW), CA (BW) L48 (I), CAN (I)

COJU2 Cortaderia jubata (Lem.) Stapf purple pampas

grass

HI (NW) L48 (I), HI (I)

CRHE5 Crassula helmsii A. Berger swamp stonecrop FL (PAP1), NC (CAW), WA (WAWQ)

CROTA Crotalaria L. rattlebox AR (NW)

CUME Cucumis melo L. cantaloupe L48 (I), PR (I),

CAN (W)

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CUMED Cucumis melo L. var. dudaim

(L.) Naud.

AZ (PNW), CA (AW)

CUMY Cucumis myriocarpus E. Mey. ex

Naud.

gooseberry gourd CA (BW) L48 (I)

CUAN4 Cupaniopsis anacardioides (A.

Rich.) Radlk.

carrotwood FL (NW) L48 (I)

CUAP2 Cuscuta approximata Bab. alfalfa dodder WA (CCW) L48 (I), CAN (I)

CUJA Cuscuta japonica Choisy Japanese dodder TX (NP) L48 (I)

CURE Cuscuta reflexa Roxb. giant dodder CA (AW) L48 (I)

CYRE Cymbopogon refractus (R. Br.) A.

Camus

barbwire grass HI (NW) HI (I)

CYLO11 Cynanchum louiseae Kartesz &

Gandhi

Louise's

swallow-wort

CT (IB), MA (P) L48 (I), CAN (I)

CYNI Cynanchum nigrum (L.) Pers.,

non Cav.

NH (PIS)

VINI3 Vincetoxicum nigrum (L.)

Moench

VT (CBW)

CYRO8 Cynanchum rossicum (Kleopow)

Borhidi

European

swallow-wort

CT (IB), MA (P), NH (PIS) L48 (I), CAN (I)

CYVI3 Cynanchum vincetoxicum (L.)

Pers.

white swallow-wort L48 (I), CAN (I)

VIHI3 Vincetoxicum hirundinaria

Medik.

VT (CAW)

CYCA Cynara cardunculus L. cardoon CA (BW) L48 (I)

CYNOD Cynodon Rich. Bermudagrass CA (CW)

CYDA Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.4 Bermudagrass AR (NW), UT (NW) L48 (I), HI (I),

PR (I), VI (I),

CAN (W), SPM

(W)

CYOF Cynoglossum officinale L. gypsyflower CO (BW), MT (CAT1), NV (NW), OR (BDW, Q), WA (CBW), WY (NW) L48 (I), CAN (I)

CYES Cyperus esculentus L. yellow nutsedge CA (BW), CO (BW), HI (NW), OR (BDW, Q), WA (CBW, Q) L48 (NI), AK (I),

HI (I), PR (I),

VI (I), CAN (I)

CYRO Cyperus rotundus L. nutgrass AR (NW), CA (BW), OR (ADW, Q), WA (Q) L48 (I), HI (I),

PR (I), VI (I)

CYSC4 Cytisus scoparius (L.) Link Scotch broom CA (CW), HI (NW), ID (NW), OR (BDW, Q), WA (CBW, NWSPQ) L48 (I), HI (I),

CAN (I)

CYSCA Cytisus scoparius (L.) Link var.

andreanus (Puiss.) Dippel

Scotch broom HI (NW) L48 (I)

CYSCS2 Cytisus scoparius (L.) Link var.

scoparius

Scotch broom HI (NW) L48 (I), HI (I),

CAN (I)

CYST7 Cytisus striatus (Hill) Rothm. striated broom OR (BDW, Q) L48 (I)

DAST Datura stramonium L. jimsonweed CT (PIB), PA (NW) L48 (I), HI (I),

PR (I), VI (I),

CAN (I)

DACA6 Daucus carota L. Queen Anne's lace IA (SNW), MI (NW), OH (PNW), WA (CBW, NWSPQ) L48 (I), PR (I),

CAN (I)

DICI2 Dichrostachys cinerea (L.) Wight

& Arn.

aroma HI (NW) L48 (I)

DINU6 Dichrostachys nutans Benth. HI (NW)

DIAL2 Dioscorea alata L. water yam FL (NW) L48 (I), PR (I),

VI (I)

DIBU Dioscorea bulbifera L. air yam AL (CAW), FL (NW) L48 (I), HI (I),

PR (I)

DIFU2 Dipsacus fullonum L. Fuller's teasel CO (BW), IA (SNW), MO (NW), NM (CBW) L48 (I), CAN (I)

DILA4 Dipsacus laciniatus L. cutleaf teasel CO (BW), IA (SNW), MO (NW), OR (BDW, Q) L48 (I), CAN (I)

DISA9 Dipsacus sativus (L.) Honck. Indian teasel IA (SNW) L48 (I)

ECCR Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) P.

Beauv.

barnyardgrass AR (NW) L48 (I), HI (I),

PR (I), CAN (W),

SPM (W)

ECPL Echium plantagineum L. salvation jane OR (ADW, Q) L48 (I), CAN (I)

ECVU Echium vulgare L. common viper's

bugloss

WA (CBW, NWSPQ) L48 (I), AK (I),

CAN (W)

EGDE Egeria densa Planch. Brazilian

waterweed

AL (CCW), CT (PIB), ME (IAP), MA (P), SC (ILAP, PP), VT (CAW), WA

(CBW, WAWQ)

L48 (I), HI (I),

PR (I), CAN (W)

ELDE3 Elodea densa (Planch.)

Caspary

OR (BDW, Q)

EICHH Eichhornia Kunth water hyacinth FL (PAP1)

EICR Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.)

Solms

common water

hyacinth

AL (CCW), AZ (PNW, RGNW, RNW), CA (CW), CT (PINB), SC (ILAP,

PP), TX (NP)

L48 (I), HI (I),

PR (I), VI (I),

CAN (W)

ELAN Elaeagnus angustifolia L. Russian olive CO (BW), CT (PIB), NM (CCW) L48 (I), CAN (I)

ELUM Elaeagnus umbellata Thunb. autumn olive CT (IB), MA (P), NH (PIS), WV (NW) L48 (I), HI (I),

CAN (I)

ELMO5 Elephantopus mollis Kunth soft elephantsfoot HI (NW) HI (I), PR (N),

VI (N)

ELCI Elsholtzia ciliata (Thunb.) Hyl. crested

latesummer mint

CT (PIB) L48 (I), CAN (I)

ELRE4 Elymus repens (L.) Gould quackgrass L48 (I), AK (I),

CAN (I), GL (I),

SPM (I)

AGRE2 Agropyron repens (L.) P.

Beauv.

AK (NW), IA (PRNW), KS (NW), OR (BDW, Q), UT (NW), WY (NW)

ELRE3 Elytrigia repens (L.) Desv. ex

Nevski

AZ (PNW, RNW), CA (BW), CO (BW), HI (NW)

EPHI Epilobium hirsutum L. codlins and cream MA (P), WA (WAWQ) L48 (I), CAN (I)

EQTE Equisetum telmateia Ehrh. giant horsetail OR (BDW, Q) L48 (N), CAN

(N)

ERCI6 Erodium cicutarium (L.) L'Hér. ex

Aiton

redstem stork's bill CO (BW) L48 (I), AK (I),

HI (I), CAN (I),

GL (I)

EUAL13 Euonymus alatus (Thunb.)

Siebold

burningbush MA (P) L48 (I), CAN (I)

EUAL8 Euonymus alata (Thunb.)

Siebold, orth. var.

CT (INB)

EUCY2 Euphorbia cyparissias L. cypress spurge CO (AW), CT (PIB), MA (P) L48 (I), CAN (I)

EUDE4 Euphorbia dentata Michx. toothed spurge ID (NW) L48 (NI)

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EUES Euphorbia esula L. leafy spurge AK (NW), AZ (PNW), CA (AW), CO (BW), CT (IB), HI (NW), ID (NW),

IA (PRNW), KS (NW), MA (P), MN (PNW), MT (CAT1), NE (NW), NV

(NW), NM (CAW), ND (NW), OR (BDW, Q), SD (NW, RNPS), UT (NW),

WA (CBW, NWSPQ), WI (NW), WY (NW)

L48 (I), CAN (I)

EUESE Euphorbia esula L. var. esula leafy spurge L48 (I), CAN (I)

EUPS2 Euphorbia pseudovirgata

(Schur) Soó

SD (RNPS)

EUHE4 Euphorbia heterophylla L. Mexican fireplant L48 (N), HI (I),

PR (N), VI (N)

EUPR5 Euphorbia prunifolia Jacq. FL (NW), SC (PP)

EUMY2 Euphorbia myrsinites L. myrtle spurge CO (AW), OR (BDW, Q) L48 (I), CAN (I)

EUOB4 Euphorbia oblongata Griseb. eggleaf spurge CA (BW), WA (CAW, NWSPQ) L48 (I)

EUSE12 Euphorbia serrata L. serrate spurge CA (AW) L48 (I)

EUTE10 Euphorbia terracina L. Geraldton carnation

weed

CA (QW) L48 (I)

EUMU Euryops multifidus (Thunb.) DC. hawk's eye L48 (I)

EUSUV Euryops subcarnosus DC. ssp.

vulgaris B. Nord

AZ (RNW)

FAVI Fatoua villosa (Thunb.) Nakai hairy crabweed AL (CCW) L48 (I), HI (I),

PR (I)

FEFI Festuca filiformis Pourr. fineleaf sheep

fescue

MA (P) L48 (I), CAN (I),

SPM (I)

FRAL4 Frangula alnus Mill. glossy buckthorn CT (INB), MA (P) L48 (I), CAN (N)

RHFR Rhamnus frangula L. MN (RNW), NH (PIS), VT (CBW)

FRGR3 Froelichia gracilis (Hook.) Moq. slender

snakecotton

CT (PIB) L48 (N), CAN (I)

GATE2 Galeopsis tetrahit L. brittlestem

hempnettle

AK (NW) L48 (I), CAN (I),

SPM (I)

GAPA2 Galinsoga parviflora Cav. gallant soldier AK (NW) L48 (I), HI (I),

PR (I), CAN (I)

GACO5 Gaura coccinea Nutt. ex Pursh scarlet beeblossom CA (BW) L48 (N), CAN

(N)

GADR Gaura drummondii (Spach) Torr.

& A. Gray

Drummond's

beeblossom

CA (BW) L48 (N)

GASI Gaura sinuata Nutt. ex Ser. wavyleaf

beeblossom

CA (BW) L48 (N)

GEMO2 Genista monspessulana (L.)

L.A.S. Johnson

French broom CA (CW), OR (BDW) L48 (I)

CYMO5 Cytisus monspessulanus L. HI (NW), OR (Q)

GERO Geranium robertianum L. Robert geranium WA (CBW) L48 (NI), AK (I),

CAN (N), SPM

(N)

GLFL Glaucium flavum Crantz yellow hornpoppy MA (P) L48 (I), CAN

(W)

GLHE2 Glechoma hederacea L. ground ivy CT (PIB) L48 (I), AK (I),

CAN (I)

GLDI Glossostigma diandrum (L.)

Kunze

mudmats WA (WAWQ) L48 (I)

GLMA3 Glyceria maxima (Hartm.)

Holmb.

reed mannagrass CT (PIB), MA (P) L48 (I), CAN (I)

GRBA Grevillea banksii R. Br. kahiliflower HI (NW) HI (I)

GYPA Gypsophila paniculata L. baby's breath CA (BW), WA (CCW) L48 (I), CAN (I)

HAHA8 Halimodendron halodendron

(Pall.) Voss

common salttree CA (AW) L48 (I), CAN (I)

HAGL Halogeton glomeratus (M. Bieb.)

C.A. Mey.

saltlover AZ (PNW, RNW), CA (AW), CO (CW), HI (NW), NM (CBW), OR (BDW,

Q)

L48 (I)

HAMA7 Harrisia martinii (Labour.) Britton mooncactus HI (I)

ERMA16 Eriocereus martinii (Labour.)

Riccob.

HI (NW)

HEHE Hedera helix L.5 English ivy OR (BDW, Q), WA (CCW) L48 (I), HI (I),

CAN (I)

HEHI12 Hedera hibernica (G. Kirchn.)

Bean6

Atlantic Ivy WA (CCW) L48 (I)

HEAN3 Helianthus annuus L. common sunflower IA (SNW) L48 (N), AK (I),

HI (I), PR (I),

CAN (I), SPM (I)

HECI Helianthus ciliaris DC. Texas blueweed AZ (PNW, RNW), AR (NW), CA (AW), OR (ADW, Q), SC (PP), WA (CAW,

NWSPQ)

L48 (N)

HEMA3 Hesperis matronalis L. dames rocket CO (BW), CT (IB), MA (P) L48 (I), AK (I),

CAN (I)

HECO10 Heteropogon contortus (L.) P.

Beauv. ex Roem. & Schult.

tanglehead CA (AW) L48 (N), HI (N),

PR (N), VI (N)

HITR Hibiscus trionum L. flower of an hour CO (BW), WA (NWSPQ) L48 (I), CAN (I)

HIERA Hieracium L.7 hawkweed WA (CCW)

HIAT2 Hieracium atratum Fr. polar hawkweed WA (CBW)

HIAU Hieracium aurantiacum L. orange hawkweed CO (AW), ID (NW), MT (CAT2), OR (ADW, Q), WA (CBW, NWSPQ) L48 (I), AK (I),

CAN (I), SPM (I)

HICA10 Hieracium caespitosum Dumort. meadow hawkweed WA (CBW, NWSPQ) L48 (I), CAN (I)

HIPR Hieracium pratense Tausch ID (NW), MT (CAT2), OR (ADW, Q)

HIFL3 Hieracium ×floribundum Wimm.

& Grab. (pro sp.) [caespitosum ×

lactucella]

MT (CAT2), OR (ADW, Q), WA (CAW, NWSPQ) L48 (I), CAN (I),

SPM (I)

HIGL3 Hieracium glomeratum Froel. queen-devil

hawkweed

WA (CBW) L48 (I)

HILA4 Hieracium laevigatum Willd. smooth hawkweed WA (CBW) L48 (N)

HIPI Hieracium pilosella L. mouseear

hawkweed

OR (ADW, Q), WA (CBW, NWSPQ) L48 (I), CAN (I),

SPM (I)

HIPI2 Hieracium piloselloides Vill. tall hawkweed MT (CAT2), OR (ADW, Q) L48 (I), CAN (I)

HOGL2 Hoffmannseggia glauca (Ortega)

Eifert

Indian rushpea L48 (N)

HODE Hoffmannseggia densiflora

Benth.

KS (NW)

HUJA Humulus japonicus Siebold &

Zucc.

Japanese hop CT (PIB), MA (P) L48 (I), CAN (I)

HYMO6 Hydrocharis morsus-ranae L. common frogbit CA (AW), ME (IAP), VT (CBW), WA (WAWQ) L48 (I), CAN (I)

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HYNI Hyoscyamus niger L. black henbane CA (CW), CO (BW), ID (NW), NV (NW), NM (CAW), WA (CCW) L48 (I), CAN (I)

HYPE Hypericum perforatum L. common St.

Johnswort

CA (CW), CO (CW), MT (CAT1), NV (NW), OR (BDW), SD (RNPS), WA

(CCW), WY (NW)

L48 (I), HI (I),

CAN (I)

HYRA3 Hypochaeris radicata L. hairy cat's ear WA (CBW) L48 (I), AK (I),

HI (I), CAN (I),

SPM (I)

HYPE3 Hyptis pectinata (L.) Poit. comb bushmint HI (NW) L48 (I), HI (I),

PR (N), VI (N)

HYSU3 Hyptis suaveolens (L.) Poit. pignut HI (NW) HI (I), PR (N),

VI (N)

IMGL Impatiens glandulifera Royle ornamental

jewelweed

CT (PIB), OR (BDW, Q), WA (CBW, NWSPQ) L48 (I), CAN (I)

IMBR2 Imperata brevifolia Vasey California satintail CA (BW) L48 (N)

IPOMO Ipomoea L.8 morning-glory AZ (PNW), AR (NW)

IPCAF Ipomoea carnea Jacq. ssp.

fistulosa (Mart. ex Choisy) D.

Austin

gloria de la manana L48 (I), PR (I),

VI (I)

IPFI2 Ipomoea fistulosa Mart. ex

Choisy

FL (PAP1)

IPTR2 Ipomoea triloba L. littlebell AZ (PNW, RNW), FL (NW), SC (PP) L48 (I), HI (I),

PR (N), VI (N)

IPTU3 Ipomoea turbinata Lag. lilacbell L48 (I)

CAMU25 Calonyction muricatum (L.) G.

Don

AR (NW), SC (PP)

IRDO Iris douglasiana Herbert Douglas iris CA (CW) L48 (N)

IRMI Iris missouriensis Nutt. Rocky Mountain iris CA (CW) L48 (N), CAN

(N)

IRPS Iris pseudacorus L. paleyellow iris CT (IB), MA (P), MT (CAT3), NH (PIS), OR (BDW, Q), WA (CCW) L48 (I), CAN (I)

ISTI Isatis tinctoria L. Dyer's woad AZ (PNW), CA (BW), CO (AW), ID (NW), MT (CAT2), NV (NW), NM

(CAW), OR (BDW, Q), UT (NW), WA (CAW, NWSPQ), WY (NW)

L48 (I), CAN

(W)

IVAX Iva axillaris Pursh povertyweed CA (CW) L48 (N), CAN

(N)

LATAP Lactuca tatarica (L.) C.A. Mey.

var. pulchella (Pursh) Breitung

blue lettuce L48 (N), AK (N),

CAN (N)

LAPU Lactuca pulchella (Pursh) DC. AK (NW)

LAGAR Lagarosiphon Harv. oxygen-weed FL (PAP1), NC (CAW)

LAMO5 Lagascea mollis Cav. silkleaf HI (NW) L48 (I), PR (I),

VI (I)

LAPU12 Landoltia punctata (G. Mey.) D.H.

Les & D.J. Crawford

dotted duckmeat L48 (N), HI (N)

SPOL2 Spirodela oligorrhiza (Kurz)

Hegelm.

TX (NP)

LELA2 Lepidium latifolium L. broadleaved

pepperweed

AK (NW), CA (BW), CO (BW), CT (IB), HI (NW), ID (NW), MA (P), MT

(CAT2), NV (NW), NM (CAW), OR (BDW, Q), SD (RNPS), UT (NW), WA

(CBW, NWSPQ), WY (NW)

L48 (I), CAN (I)

LEHO7 Lepyrodiclis holosteoides (C.A.

Mey.) Fenzl ex Fisch. & C.A. Mey.

false jaggedckickweedWA (CBW) L48 (I)

LECU Lespedeza cuneata (Dum.

Cours.) G. Don

sericea lespedeza CO (AW), KS (NW) L48 (I), HI (I),

CAN (I?)

LEVU Leucanthemum vulgare Lam. oxeye daisy WA (CBW, NWSPQ) L48 (I), AK (I),

HI (I), CAN (I),

SPM (I)

CHLE80 Chrysanthemum

leucanthemum L.

CO (BW), MT (CAT1), WY (NW)

CHLEP Chrysanthemum

leucanthemum L. var.

pinnatifidum Lecoq & Lamotte

OH (PNW)

LIOB Ligustrum obtusifolium Siebold &

Zucc.

border privet CT (PIB), MA (P), NH (PIS) L48 (I)

LIOV Ligustrum ovalifolium Hassk. California privet CT (PINB) L48 (I), PR (I),

CAN (I)

LIVU Ligustrum vulgare L. European privet CT (PINB) L48 (I), CAN (I)

LISP2 Limnobium spongia (Bosc) Rich.

ex Steud.

American

spongeplant

CA (QW) L48 (N)

LIFL5 Limnocharis flava (L.) Buchenau

[excluded]

yellow velvetleaf FL (PAP1)

LIIN5 Limnophila indica (L.) Druce Indian marshweed CA (QW) L48 (I)

LIDA Linaria dalmatica (L.) Mill. Dalmatian toadflax CO (BW), ID (NW), MT (CAT1), NV (NW), OR (BDW, Q), SD (RNPS),

WY (NW)

L48 (I), CAN (I)

LIDAD Linaria dalmatica (L.) Mill. ssp.

dalmatica

Dalmatian toadflax WA (CBW) L48 (I), CAN (I)

LIGED Linaria genistifolia (L.) Mill.

ssp. dalmatica (L.) Maire &

Petitm.

AZ (PNW, RNW), CA (AW), NM (CAW), ND (NW), WA (NWSPQ) CAN (I)

LIGE Linaria genistifolia (L.) Mill. broomleaf toadflax CO (BW) L48 (I)

LIVU2 Linaria vulgaris Mill. butter and eggs ID (NW), MT (CAT1), NV (NW), NM (CAW), OR (BDW, Q), SD (RNPS),

WA (CCW), WY (NW)

L48 (I), AK (I),

CAN (I), GL (I),

SPM (I)

LOTE2 Lolium temulentum L. Darnel ryegrass AR (NW), SC (PP) L48 (I), AK (I),

HI (I), CAN (I)

LOBE Lonicera ×bella Zabel [morrowii

× tatarica]

showy fly

honeysuckle

CT (IB), MA (P), NH (PIS), VT (CBW) L48 (I), CAN (I)

LOJA Lonicera japonica Thunb. Japanese

honeysuckle

CT (IB), MA (P), NH (PIS), VT (CBW) L48 (I), HI (I),

PR (I), CAN (I)

LOMA6 Lonicera maackii (Rupr.) Herder Amur honeysuckle CT (IB), MA (P), VT (CBW) L48 (I), CAN (I)

LOMO2 Lonicera morrowii A. Gray Morrow's

honeysuckle

CT (IB), MA (P), NH (PIS), VT (CBW) L48 (I), CAN (I)

LOTA Lonicera tatarica L. Tatarian

honeysuckle

CT (PIB), MA (P), NH (PIS), VT (CBW) L48 (I), AK (I),

CAN (I)

LOXY Lonicera xylosteum L. dwarf honeysuckle CT (PIB) L48 (I), CAN (I)

LUGRG2 Ludwigia grandiflora (Michx.)

Greuter & Burdet ssp. grandiflora

large-flower

primrose-willow

L48 (I)

LUUR Ludwigia uruguayensis

(Camb.) H. Hara

SC (PP)

LUGRH Ludwigia grandiflora (Michx.)

Greuter & Burdet ssp. hexapetala

(Hook. & Arn.) G.L. Nesom &

L48 (I)

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Kartesz

LUHE5 Ludwigia hexapetala (Hook. &

Arn.) Zardini, Gu & P.H. Raven

NC (CBW), SC (ILAP, PP), WA (CBW, WAWQ)

LYFL3 Lychnis flos-cuculi L. ragged robin CT (PIB) L48 (I), CAN (I)

LYJA Lygodium japonicum (Thunb.)

Sw.

Japanese climbing

fern

AL (CBW), FL (NW) L48 (I), HI (I),

PR (I)

LYMI Lygodium microphyllum (Cav.) R.

Br.

small-leaf climbing

fern

AL (CAW), FL (NW) L48 (I)

LYNU Lysimachia nummularia L. creeping jenny CT (PINB), MA (P) L48 (I), CAN (I)

LYVU Lysimachia vulgaris L. garden yellow

loosestrife

CT (PIB), WA (CBW, WAWQ) L48 (I), CAN (I)

LYTHR Lythrum L.9, 10, 11 loosestrife MI (SP), NC (CBW), WI (NUW)

LYSA2 Lythrum salicaria L.12, 13, 14, 15 purple loosestrife AL (CBW), AZ (PNW), AR (NW), CA (BW), CO (AW), CT (IB), FL

(PAP1), ID (NW), IN (PR), IA (SNW), MA (P), MN (PNW), MO (NW),

MT (CAT2), NE (NW), NV (NW), NM (CAW), ND (NW), OH (PNW), OR

(BDW, Q), PA (NW), SC (ILAP, PP), SD (NW, RNPS), TN (PP), TX (NP),

UT (NW), VT (CBW), VA (NW), WA (CBW, Q), WY (NW)

L48 (I), CAN (I),

SPM (I)

LYVI3 Lythrum virgatum L.13, 14 European wand

loosestrife

IA (SNW), MN (PNW), MT (CAT2), NE (NW), NV (NW), ND (NW), SD

(RNPS), TN (PP), VA (NW), WA (CBW, Q)

L48 (I)

MAHON Mahonia Nutt.2 barberry MI (P)

MAAL4 Malachra alceifolia Jacq. yellow leafbract HI (NW) L48 (I), HI (I),

PR (N), VI (N)

MALE3 Malvella leprosa (Ortega) Krapov. alkali mallow CA (CW) L48 (N)

MAQU Marsilea quadrifolia L. European

waterclover

CT (PIB) L48 (I), CAN (N)

MEPO3 Medicago polymorpha L. burclover AZ (PNW, RGNW) L48 (I), AK (I),

HI (I), CAN (I)

MEVE3 Medinilla venosa (Blume) Blume holdtight HI (NW) HI (I)

MELAS Melastoma L. melastoma HI (NW)

MICON Miconia Ruiz & Pav. johnnyberry HI (NW)

MIVI Microstegium vimineum (Trin.) A.

Camus

Nepalese browntop AL (CCW), CT (IB), MA (P) L48 (I), PR (I)

MISC Mikania scandens (L.) Willd. climbing hempvine HI (NW) L48 (N), CAN (I)

MIVE3 Milium vernale M. Bieb. spring milletgrass ID (NW) L48 (I)

MINY Mirabilis nyctaginea (Michx.)

MacMill.

heartleaf four

o'clock

WA (CAW, NWSPQ) L48 (N), CAN

(N)

MIFL3 Miscanthus floridulus (Labill.)

Warb. ex K. Schum. & Lauterb.

Pacific Island

silvergrass

HI (NW) L48 (I)

MISA Miscanthus sacchariflorus

(Maxim.) Franch.

Amur silvergrass MA (P) L48 (I), CAN (I)

MISI Miscanthus sinensis Andersson Chinese silvergrass CT (PINB) L48 (I), CAN (I)

MOHI Montanoa hibiscifolia (Benth.)

Standl.

treedaisy HI (NW) HI (I)

MOFA Morella faya (Aiton) Wilbur firetree HI (I)

MYFA Myrica faya Aiton HI (NW)

MUSC Muhlenbergia schreberi J.F.

Gmel.

nimblewill CA (BW) L48 (N), CAN

(N)

MUKE Murdannia keisak (Hassk.)

Hand.-Maz.

wartremoving herb WA (WAWQ) L48 (I)

MYSC Myosotis scorpioides L. true forget-me-not CT (IB), MA (P) L48 (I), AK (I),

CAN (I), SPM (I)

MYAQ2 Myriophyllum aquaticum (Vell.)

Verdc.

parrot feather

watermilfoil

AL (CCW), CT (PIB), ME (IAP), MA (P), VT (CAW), WA (CBW, WAWQ) L48 (I), HI (I),

CAN (I)

MYHE2 Myriophyllum heterophyllum

Michx.

twoleaf watermilfoil CT (IB), ME (IAP), MA (P), VT (CAW) L48 (N), CAN

(N)

MYSP2 Myriophyllum spicatum L. Eurasian

watermilfoil

AL (CCW), CO (BW), CT (IB), FL (PAP1), ID (NW), ME (IAP), MA (P),

MT (CAT3), NV (NW), NM (CAW), NC (CBW), OR (BDW, Q), SC (ILAP,

PP), SD (RNPS), TX (NP), VT (CBW), WA (CBW, WAWQ)

L48 (I), AK (I),

CAN (I)

NAMI Najas minor All. brittle waternymph AL (CCW), CT (PIB), ME (IAP), MA (P), SC (ILAP, PP), WA (WAWQ) L48 (I), CAN (I)

NAST3 Nardus stricta L. matgrass ID (NW), OR (ADW, Q) L48 (I), CAN (I),

GL (I), SPM (I)

NAMI2 Nasturtium microphyllum Boenn.

ex Rchb.

onerow yellowcress L48 (I), AK (I),

HI (I), CAN (I)

ROMI3 Rorippa microphylla (Boenn. ex

Rchb.) Hyl. ex Á. Löve & D.

Löve

CT (PIB)

NAOF Nasturtium officinale W.T. Aiton watercress L48 (I), AK (I),

PR (I), VI (I),

CAN (I)

RONA2 Rorippa nasturtium-aquaticum

(L.) Hayek

CT (PIB)

NEAL2 Nechamandra alternifolia (Roxb.)

Thw.

nechamandra FL (PAP1)

NELU Nelumbo lutea Willd. American lotus CT (PIB) L48 (N), CAN

(N)

NERE Neyraudia reynaudiana (Kunth)

Keng ex Hitchc.

silkreed FL (NW) L48 (I)

NYME Nymphaea mexicana Zucc. yellow waterlily CA (BW) L48 (N), CAN (I)

NYOD Nymphaea odorata Aiton American white

waterlily

WA (CCW) L48 (N), AK (N),

PR (N), CAN (N)

NYPE Nymphoides peltata (S.G. Gmel.)

Kuntze

yellow floatingheart CT (PIB), ME (IAP), MA (P), OR (ADW, Q), VT (CBW), WA (CBW,

WAWQ)

L48 (I), CAN (I)

ONAL5 Ononis alopecuroides L. foxtail restharrow CA (QW) L48 (I)

ONOPO Onopordum L. cottonthistle AR (NW)

ONAC Onopordum acanthium L. Scotch

cottonthistle

AZ (PNW, RNW), CA (AW), CO (BW), CT (PIB), ID (NW), MO (NW), NV

(NW), NM (CAW), OK (NW), OR (BDW, Q), UT (NW), WA (CBW,

NWSPQ), WY (NW)

L48 (I), CAN

(W)

ONIL Onopordum illyricum L. Illyrian

cottonthistle

CA (AW) L48 (I)

ONTA Onopordum tauricum Willd. bull cottonthistle CA (AW), CO (BW) L48 (I)

ORUM Ornithogalum umbellatum L. sleepydick AL (CCW), CT (PINB) L48 (I), CAN (I)

ORCO4 Orobanche cooperi (A. Gray) A.

Heller

desert broomrape CA (AW) L48 (N)

ORMI Orobanche minor Sm. hellroot OR (BDW, Q) L48 (I)

ORRA Orobanche ramosa L. hemp broomrape AZ (PNW), CA (AW), TX (NP) L48 (I)

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ORSA Oryza sativa L. rice AR (NW), SC (PP) L48 (I), PR (I),

VI (I)

OXPA3 Oxyspora paniculata (D. Don)

DC.

bristletips HI (NW) HI (I)

PAGL17 Packera glabella (Poir.) C. Jeffrey butterweed L48 (N), CAN

(W)

SEGL Senecio glabellus Poir. OH (PNW)

PACR15 Paederia cruddasiana Prain sewer vine FL (NW) L48 (I)

PAFO3 Paederia foetida L. stinkvine AL (CBW), FL (NW) L48 (I), HI (I)

PAAN4 Panicum antidotale Retz. blue panicum CA (BW) L48 (I), HI (I)

PAMI2 Panicum miliaceum L. proso millet CO (CW), OR (BDW, Q) L48 (I), HI (I),

PR (I), VI (I),

CAN (I)

PARE3 Panicum repens L. torpedo grass AL (CCW), AZ (PNW), HI (NW), TX (NP) L48 (I), HI (I)

PASO2 Papaver somniferum L. opium poppy WV (NW) L48 (I), CAN

(W), GL (W)

PABI5 Passiflora bicornis Mill. wingleaf

passionflower

HI (I)

PAPU13 Passiflora pulchella Kunth HI (NW)

PATRM Passiflora tripartita (Juss.) Poir.

var. mollissima (Kunth)

Holm-Niesen & P.M. Jørg.

banana

passionflower

L48 (I), HI (I)

PAMO5 Passiflora mollissima (Kunth)

L.H. Bailey

HI (NW)

PASA2 Pastinaca sativa L. wild parsnip OH (PNW) L48 (I), AK (I),

CAN (W), SPM

(W)

PATO2 Paulownia tomentosa (Thunb.)

Siebold & Zucc. ex Steud.

princesstree CT (PIB) L48 (I)

PEHA Peganum harmala L. harmal peganum AZ (PNW), CA (AW), CO (AW), NV (NW), NM (CBW), OR (ADW, Q) L48 (I)

PECI Pennisetum ciliare (L.) Link buffelgrass AZ (PNW, RGNW) L48 (I), HI (I),

PR (I), VI (I)

PESE3 Pennisetum setaceum (Forssk.)

Chiov.

crimson

fountaingrass

HI (NW) L48 (I), HI (I)

PHAR3 Phalaris arundinacea L. reed canarygrass CT (INB), MA (P), WA (CCW) L48 (N), AK

(I?), CAN (N),

SPM (N)

PHAM2 Phellodendron amurense Rupr. Amur corktree MA (P) L48 (I), CAN (I)

PHAU7 Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin.

ex Steud.16

common reed AL (CCW), CT (IB), MA (P), SC (PP), VT (CBW), WA (CCW) L48 (N), HI (I),

PR (N), CAN (N)

PHCO15 Phragmites communis Trin. SC (ILAP)

PHTE5 Phyllanthus tenellus Roxb. Mascarene Island

leaf-flower

AL (CCW) L48 (I), HI (I),

PR (I)

PHUR Phyllanthus urinaria L. chamber bitter AL (CCW) L48 (I), PR (I)

PHLO4 Physalis longifolia Nutt. longleaf

groundcherry

CA (AW) L48 (N), CAN

(N)

PHVI17 Physalis viscosa L. starhair

groundcherry

CA (BW) L48 (N)

PIHI Picris hieracioides L. hawkweed

oxtongue

WA (CBW) L48 (NI), AK

(N), HI (I), CAN

(I)

PIAD Piper aduncum L. higuillo de hoja

menuda

HI (NW) L48 (N), PR (N),

VI (N)

PIST2 Pistia stratiotes L. water lettuce AL (CCW), CA (BW), CT (PIB), FL (PAP2), SC (ILAP, PP), TX (NP) L48 (N), HI (I),

PR (N), VI (N)

PIUN2 Pittosporum undulatum Vent. Australian

cheesewood

HI (NW) L48 (I), HI (I)

PLAR3 Plantago aristata Michx. largebracted

plantain

AR (NW) L48 (N), HI (I),

CAN (I)

PLLA Plantago lanceolata L. narrowleaf plantain AR (NW), IA (SNW) L48 (I), AK (I),

HI (I), PR (I),

CAN (I), GL (I),

SPM (I)

POCO Poa compressa L. Canada bluegrass CT (PIB) L48 (I), AK (I),

HI (I), CAN (I),

SPM (I)

POAME Polygonum amphibium L. var.

emersum Michx.

longroot

smartweed

CA (CW) L48 (N), CAN

(N)

POBO10 Polygonum ×bohemicum (J.

Chrtek & Chrtkovß) Zika &

Jacobson [cuspidatum ×

sachalinense]

Bohemian

knotweed

WA (CBW, NWSPQ) CAN (I)

POCE4 Polygonum cespitosum Blume,

nom. inq.

Oriental lady's

thumb

L48 (I), CAN (I)

POCA49 Polygonum caespitosum

Blume, orth. var.

CT (PIB) CAN (I)

POCU6 Polygonum cuspidatum Siebold &

Zucc.

Japanese knotweed AL (CCW), CA (BW), CT (IB), MA (P), NH (PIS), OR (BDW, Q), WA

(CBW, NWSPQ)

L48 (I), AK (I),

CAN (I)

FAJA2 Fallopia japonica (Houtt.)

Ronse Decr.

VT (CBW) CAN (I)

POPE10 Polygonum perfoliatum L. Asiatic tearthumb AL (CAW), CT (IB), MA (P), NC (CAW), OH (PNW), PA (NW), SC (PP) L48 (I)

POPO5 Polygonum polystachyum Wall.

ex Meisn.

cultivated

knotweed

CA (BW), OR (BDW, Q), WA (CBW, NWSPQ) L48 (I), CAN (I),

SPM (I)

POSA4 Polygonum sachalinense F.

Schmidt ex Maxim.

giant knotweed CA (BW), CT (PIB), OR (BDW, Q), WA (CBW, NWSPQ) L48 (I), AK (I),

CAN (I)

PORO12 Pontederia rotundifolia L. f. tropical

pickerelweed

FL (PAP1)

POAL7 Populus alba L. white poplar CT (PIB) L48 (I), CAN (I)

POOL Portulaca oleracea L. little hogweed AZ (PNW, RGNW) L48 (I), HI (I),

PR (I), VI (I),

CAN (N)

POCR3 Potamogeton crispus L. curly pondweed AL (CCW), CT (IB), ME (IAP), MA (P), VT (CBW), WA (CCW) L48 (I), CAN (I)

PORE5 Potentilla recta L. sulphur cinquefoil CO (BW), MT (CAT1), NV (NW), OR (BDW, Q), WA (CBW) L48 (I), CAN (I)

PRLO Proboscidea louisianica (Mill.)

Thell.

ram's horn WA (NWSPQ) L48 (N), CAN (I)

PROSO Prosopis L. mesquite FL (NW)

PRJU3 Prosopis juliflora (Sw.) DC. mesquite HI (NW) HI (I)

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PUMO Pueraria montana (Lour.) Merr. kudzu CT (PIB), FL (NW), MA (P) L48 (I), HI (I)

PUMOL Pueraria montana (Lour.) Merr.

var. lobata (Willd.) Maesen & S.

Almeida

kudzu MS (NW), WA (CAW, NWSPQ) L48 (I), HI (I)

PULO Pueraria lobata (Willd.) Ohwi IL (NW), KS (NW), KY (NW), MO (NW), OR (ADW, Q), PA (NW), TX

(NP)

PUTH Pueraria thunbergiana (Siebold

& Zucc.) Benth.

WV (NW)

PUPH2 Pueraria phaseoloides (Roxb.)

Benth.

tropical kudzu HI (NW) HI (I), PR (I),

VI (I)

RAAC3 Ranunculus acris L. tall buttercup MT (CAT2) L48 (NI), AK (I),

CAN (I), GL

(N?), SPM (I)

RAFI Ranunculus ficaria L. fig buttercup CT (IB), MA (P) L48 (I), CAN (I)

RARE3 Ranunculus repens L. creeping buttercup MA (P) L48 (I), AK (I),

HI (I), CAN (I),

GL (I), SPM (I)

RHAMN Rhamnus L.17 buckthorn IA (PRNW)

RHCA3 Rhamnus cathartica L. common buckthorn CT (IB), MA (P), MN (RNW), NH (PIS), VT (CBW) L48 (I), CAN (I)

RHTO10 Rhodomyrtus tomentosa (Aiton)

Hassk.

rose myrtle L48 (I), HI (I)

RHTO Rhodomyrtus tomentosus

(Aiton) Hassk., orth. var.

FL (NW), HI (NW) HI (I)

RIBES Ribes L.18 currant MI (PP)

ROPS Robinia pseudoacacia L. black locust CT (INB), MA (P) L48 (N), CAN (I)

ROAM Rorippa amphibia (L.) Besser great yellowcress MA (P) L48 (I), CAN (I)

ROAU Rorippa austriaca (Crantz)

Besser

Austrian

yellowcress

AK (NW), AZ (PNW), CA (BW), NV (NW), WA (CBW) L48 (I), CAN (I)

ROSY Rorippa sylvestris (L.) Besser creeping

yellowcress

CA (QW), NC (CBW), OR (BDW, Q) L48 (I), CAN (I),

GL (I)

ROMU Rosa multiflora Thunb.19, 20 multiflora rose AL (CCW), CT (IB), IN (PR), IA (SNW), KY (NW), MA (P), MO (NW),

NH (PIS), PA (NW), SD (RNPS), WV (NW), WI (NUW)

L48 (I), CAN (I)

RORU Rosa rugosa Thunb. rugosa rose CT (PINB) L48 (I), CAN (I),

SPM (I)

RUAR2 Rubus argutus Link sawtooth

blackberry

HI (NW) L48 (N), HI (I)

RUAR9 Rubus armeniacus Focke Himalayan

blackberry

L48 (I), HI (I),

CAN (I)

RUDI2 Rubus discolor Weihe & Nees OR (BDW, Q)

RUELO Rubus ellipticus Sm. var.

obcordatus Focke

yellow Himalayan

raspberry

HI (NW) HI (I)

RUNI4 Rubus niveus Thunb. snowpeaks

raspberry

HI (NW) L48 (I), HI (I)

RUPH Rubus phoenicolasius Maxim. wine raspberry CT (PIB), MA (P) L48 (I)

RUSI4 Rubus sieboldii Blume palmleaf dewberry HI (NW) HI (I)

RUMEX Rumex L. dock AR (NW)

RUAC3 Rumex acetosella L. common sheep

sorrel

CT (PIB), IA (SNW) L48 (I), AK (I),

HI (I), CAN (I),

GL (I), SPM (I)

RUAL4 Rumex altissimus Alph. Wood pale dock IA (SNW) L48 (N), CAN

(N), SPM (N)

RUCR Rumex crispus L. curly dock IA (SNW) L48 (I), AK (I),

HI (I), PR (I),

CAN (I), SPM (I)

SAGR Sagittaria graminea Michx. grassy arrowhead WA (CBW, WAWQ) L48 (N), CAN

(N)

SALSO Salsola L. Russian thistle AR (NW)

SACO8 Salsola collina Pall. slender Russian

thistle

CA (QW) L48 (I), CAN (I)

SAKA Salsola kali L. Russian thistle HI (NW) L48 (I), CAN

(W), SPM (W)

SAPA8 Salsola paulsenii Litv. barbwire Russian

thistle

CA (CW) L48 (I)

SATR12 Salsola tragus L. prickly Russian

thistle

CA (CW) L48 (I), HI (I),

CAN (I)

SAKAT6 Salsola kali L. ssp. tenuifolia

Moq.

OH (PNW)

SAAE Salvia aethiopis L. Mediterranean sage CA (BW), CO (AW), NV (NW), OR (BDW, Q), WA (CAW, NWSPQ) L48 (I)

SAPR2 Salvia pratensis L. introduced sage WA (CAW, NWSPQ) L48 (I), CAN (I)

SASC2 Salvia sclarea L. Europe sage WA (CAW, NWSPQ) L48 (I), CAN

(W)

SAVI18 Salvia virgata Jacq. wand sage CA (AW) L48 (I)

SALVI2 Salvinia Ség.21, 22 watermoss FL (PAP1), NC (CAW), TX (NP)

SAOF4 Saponaria officinalis L. bouncingbet CO (BW) L48 (I), CAN (I)

SCTE Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi Brazilian

peppertree

FL (NW, PAP1), TX (NP) L48 (I), HI (I),

PR (I), VI (I)

SCOLY Scolymus L. goldenthistle AR (NW)

SCHI Scolymus hispanicus L. common

goldenthistle

CA (AW) L48 (I)

SECE Secale cereale L. cereal rye WA (CCW) L48 (I), AK (I),

CAN (W), GL

(W)

SEJA Senecio jacobaea L.23 stinking willie AZ (PNW), CA (BW), CO (AW), CT (PIB), ID (NW), MA (P), MT (CAT2),

OR (BDW, Q), WA (CBW, NWSPQ, Q)

L48 (I), CAN (I),

SPM (I)

SEMA15 Senecio madagascariensis Poir. Madagascar

ragwort

HI (NW) HI (I)

SESQ Senecio squalidus L. oxford ragwort CA (BW) L48 (I), CAN (N)

SEVU Senecio vulgaris L. old-man-in-theSpringWA (CCW) L48 (I), AK (I),

HI (I), CAN (I),

GL (I), SPM (I)

SEHE8 Sesbania herbacea (Mill.)

McVaugh

bigpod sesbania L48 (N), CAN

(W)

SEEX Sesbania exaltata (Raf.) Rydb.

ex A.W. Hill

AR (NW)

SEFA Setaria faberi Herrm. Japanese

bristlegrass

AR (NW), CA (BW), KY (NW) L48 (I), CAN (I)

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SEPU8 Setaria pumila (Poir.) Roem. &

Schult.

yellow foxtail MA (P) L48 (I), HI (I),

CAN (I), SPM

(W)

SIAN Sicyos angulatus L. oneseed bur

cucumber

DE (NW), IN (NW), KY (NW) L48 (N), CAN

(N)

SILAA3 Silene latifolia Poir. ssp. alba

(Mill.) Greuter & Burdet

bladder campion WA (CCW) L48 (I), AK (I)

SIPE2 Silphium perfoliatum L. cup plant CT (PIB) L48 (N), CAN

(N)

SILYB Silybum Adans. milkthistle AR (NW)

SIMA3 Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn. blessed milkthistle OR (BDW), WA (CAW, NWSPQ) L48 (I), CAN (I)

SINAP Sinapis L. mustard MI (NW)

SIAR4 Sinapis arvensis L. charlock mustard L48 (I), AK (I),

HI (I), VI (I),

CAN (I), GL (I),

SPM (I)

SIARA Sinapis arvensis L. ssp. arvensis wild mustard L48 (I), AK (I),

HI (I), VI (I),

CAN (I), GL (I),

SPM (I)

BRAR11 Brassica arvensis (L.) Rabenh.,

nom. illeg., non Brassica

arvensis L.

IA (SNW)

BRKAP2 Brassica kaber (DC.) L.C.

Wheeler var. pinnatifida

(Stokes) L.C. Wheeler

OH (PNW)

SOCA19 Solanum cardiophyllum Lindl. heartleaf

horsenettle

CA (AW) L48 (I)

SOCA3 Solanum carolinense L. Carolina

horsenettle

AK (NW), AZ (PNW), AR (NW), CA (BW), HI (NW), IA (PRNW), NV

(NW)

L48 (N), CAN (I)

SODI Solanum dimidiatum Raf. western horsenettle CA (AW) L48 (N)

SODU Solanum dulcamara L. climbing

nightshade

CT (PIB) L48 (I), CAN (I)

SOEL Solanum elaeagnifolium Cav. silverleaf

nightshade

AR (NW), CA (BW), HI (NW), ID (NW), NV (NW), OR (ADW, Q), WA

(CAW, NWSPQ)

L48 (N), HI (I),

PR (N)

SOLA Solanum lanceolatum Cav. orangeberry

nightshade

CA (BW) L48 (I)

SOMA Solanum marginatum L. f. purple African

nightshade

CA (BW) L48 (I)

SOPT7 Solanum ptycanthum Dunal West Indian

nightshade

KY (NW) L48 (N), AK (I),

HI (I), VI (I),

CAN (N)

SORO3 Solanum robustum Wendl. shrubby

nightshade

HI (NW) HI (I)

SORO Solanum rostratum Dunal buffalobur

nightshade

ID (NW), OR (BDW, Q), WA (CAW, NWSPQ) L48 (N), CAN

(W)

SOSE2 Soliva sessilis Ruiz & Pav. field burrweed WA (CAW, NWSPQ) L48 (I), HI (I),

CAN (I)

SOAR2 Sonchus arvensis L. field sowthistle AK (NW), AZ (PNW), CA (AW), CO (CW), HI (NW), ID (NW), IL (NW),

IA (PRNW), MI (NW), MN (PNW), NV (NW), SD (NW, RNPS), WY (NW)

L48 (I), AK (I),

CAN (I), SPM (I)

SOARA2 Sonchus arvensis L. ssp. arvensis field sowthistle WA (CBW) L48 (I), CAN (I),

SPM (I)

SOAL Sorghum almum Parodi Columbus grass IL (NW), IN (NW), NV (NW), UT (NW) L48 (I)

SOBI2 Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench24 sorghum IN (NW), IA (SNW), MD (NW), NV (NW), OH (PNW), PA (NW) L48 (I), HI (I),

PR (I), VI (I),

CAN (I)

SOHA Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers. Johnsongrass AR (NW), CA (CW), CO (CW), DE (NW), ID (NW), IL (NW), IN (NW),

KS (NW), KY (NW), MD (NW), MO (NW), NV (NW), OH (PNW), OR

(BDW, Q), PA (NW), SD (RNPS), UT (NW), WA (CAW, NWSPQ), WV

(NW)

L48 (I), HI (I),

PR (I), CAN (I)

SOPR3 Sorghum propinquum (Kunth)

Hitchc.

sorghum NV (NW)

SPAL Spartina alterniflora Loisel. smooth cordgrass OR (ADW, Q), WA (CBW, WAWQ) L48 (N), CAN

(N)

SPAN5 Spartina anglica C.E. Hubbard common cordgrass OR (ADW, Q), WA (CBW, WAWQ) L48 (I), CAN (I)

SPDE2 Spartina densiflora Brongn. denseflower

cordgrass

OR (ADW, Q), WA (CAW, WAWQ) L48 (I)

SPPA Spartina patens (Aiton) Muhl. saltmeadow

cordgrass

OR (BDW, Q), WA (CAW, WAWQ) L48 (N), PR (N),

VI (N), CAN (N)

SPJU2 Spartium junceum L. Spanish broom HI (NW), OR (BDW, Q), WA (CAW, NWSPQ) L48 (I), HI (I)

SPSA3 Sphaerophysa salsula (Pall.) DC. alkali swainsonpea CA (AW), NV (NW), OR (BDW, Q), WA (CBW) L48 (I), CAN (I)

STFL4 Stachys floridana Shuttlw. ex

Benth.

Florida hedgenettle NC (CBW) L48 (N)

STAL6 Stratiotes aloides L. [excluded] water soldiers AL (CCW), FL (PAP1)

STAS2 Striga asiatica (L.) Kuntze Asiatic witchweed CA (AW) L48 (I)

SYAS Symphytum asperum Lepechin prickly comfrey CA (BW) L48 (I), AK (I),

CAN (I)

TACA8 Taeniatherum caput-medusae

(L.) Nevski

medusahead CA (CW), CO (AW), NV (NW), OR (BDW, Q), UT (NW) L48 (I)

TAMI3 Tagetes minuta L. muster John Henry CA (AW) L48 (I), HI (I),

CAN (I)

TAMAR2 Tamarix L. tamarisk MT (CAT2), NM (CCW), SD (NW), TX (NP), WY (NW)

TACH2 Tamarix chinensis Lour. five-stamen

tamarisk

CO (BW), ND (NW) L48 (I)

TAPA4 Tamarix parviflora DC. smallflower

tamarisk

CO (BW), NE (NW), NV (NW), ND (NW) L48 (I)

TARA Tamarix ramosissima Ledeb. saltcedar CO (BW), NE (NW), NV (NW), ND (NW), OR (BDW, Q), WA (CBW,

NWSPQ)

L48 (I)

TAVU Tanacetum vulgare L. common tansy CO (BW), MT (CAT1), WA (CCW), WY (NW) L48 (I), AK (I),

HI (I), CAN (I),

SPM (I)

THVI2 Themeda villosa (Poir.) A. Camus silky kangaroo

grass

HI (NW) HI (I)

THPA7 Thymelaea passerina (L.) Coss. &

Germ.

mezereon WA (CAW, NWSPQ) L48 (I), CAN (N)

TIBOU Tibouchina Aubl. glorytree HI (NW)

TOAR Torilis arvensis (Huds.) Link spreading

hedgeparsley

WA (CBW, NWSPQ) L48 (I), CAN (N)

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TOPU2 Toxicodendron pubescens Mill. Atlantic poison oak L48 (N)

RHTO8 Rhus toxicodendron L. MI (NW)

TORA2 Toxicodendron radicans (L.)

Kuntze

eastern poison ivy MN (PNW) L48 (N), CAN

(N)

TOVE Toxicodendron vernix (L.) Kuntze poison sumac MI (NW) L48 (N), CAN

(N)

TRAPA Trapa L. water chestnut FL (PAP1), NC (CAW)

TRBI5 Trapa bicornis Osbeck horn nut WA (WAWQ)

TRNA Trapa natans L. water chestnut AL (CCW), AZ (PNW), CT (IB), ME (IAP), MA (P), OR (ADW, Q), SC

(ILAP, PP), VT (CBW), WA (WAWQ)

L48 (I), CAN (I)

TRSE6 Triadica sebifera (L.) Small Chinese tallow L48 (I)

SASE5 Sapium sebiferum (L.) Roxb. FL (NW), LA (NW), MS (NW), TX (NP)

TRTE Tribulus terrestris L. puncturevine AZ (PNW, RGNW), CA (CW), CO (CW), ID (NW), IA (SNW), NV (NW),

NC (CBW), OR (BDW, Q), WA (CBW)

L48 (I), HI (I),

CAN (W)

TRPE21 Tripleurospermum perforatum

(Mérat) M. Lainz

scentless false

mayweed

L48 (I), AK (I),

CAN (I), GL (I)

MAPE2 Matricaria perforata Mérat CO (BW), WA (CCW)

TRRH Triumfetta rhomboidea Jacq. diamond burbark HI (NW) L48 (I), HI (I),

PR (I), VI (I)

TRSE4 Triumfetta semitriloba Jacq. Sacramento

burbark

HI (NW) L48 (N), HI (I),

PR (N), VI (N)

TUFA Tussilago farfara L. coltsfoot AL (CAW), CT (IB), MA (P), OR (ADW, Q) L48 (I), CAN (I),

SPM (I)

ULEU Ulex europaeus L. common gorse CA (BW), HI (NW), OR (BDW, Q), WA (CBW, NWSPQ) L48 (I), HI (I),

CAN (I)

ULPU Ulmus pumila L. Siberian elm NM (CCW) L48 (I), CAN (I)

URLO Urena lobata L. Caesarweed HI (NW) L48 (I), HI (I),

PR (N), VI (N)

UTIN Utricularia inflata Walter swollen

bladderwort

WA (WAWQ) L48 (N)

VAOF Valeriana officinalis L. garden valerian CT (PIB) L48 (I), CAN (I)

VEBL Verbascum blattaria L. moth mullein CO (BW) L48 (I), HI (I),

CAN (I)

VETH Verbascum thapsus L. common mullein CO (CW), HI (NW) L48 (I), AK (I),

HI (I), CAN (I)

VIAL2 Viscum album L. European mistletoe CA (BW) L48 (I)

VITIS Vitis L.25 grape OH (PNW)

VOCU Vossia cuspidata Griff. hippo grass FL (PAP1)

XANTH2 Xanthium L. cocklebur AR (NW)

XASP2 Xanthium spinosum L. spiny cocklebur OR (BDW, Q), WA (CCW) L48 (I), CAN (I)

XASTC Xanthium strumarium L. var.

canadense (Mill.) Torr. & A. Gray

Canada cocklebur L48 (N), HI (I),

CAN (N)

XACO Xanthium commune Britton IA (SNW)

ZYFA Zygophyllum fabago L. Syrian beancaper CA (AW), ID (NW), OR (ADW, Q), WA (CAW, NWSPQ) L48 (I)

AEGIN Aeginetia L. aeginetia NW AL (CAW), CA (Q), FL (NW), MA (P), MN (PNW), NC (CAW), OR (Q),

SC (PP), VT (CAW)

AGAD2 Ageratina adenophora (Spreng.)

King & H. Rob.

sticky snakeroot NW AL (CAW), CA (Q), FL (NW), HI (NW), MA (P), MN (PNW), NC (CAW),

OR (Q), SC (PP), VT (CAW)

L48 (I), HI (I)

ALECT2 Alectra Thunb. alectra NW AL (CAW), CA (Q), FL (NW), MA (P), MN (PNW), NC (CAW), OR (Q),

SC (PP), VT (CAW)

ALSE4 Alternanthera sessilis (L.) R. Br.

ex DC.

sessile joyweed NW AL (CAW), CA (Q), FL (NW), MA (P), MN (PNW), NC (CAW), OR (Q),

SC (PP), VT (CAW)

L48 (I), HI (I),

PR (N), VI (N)

ASFI2 Asphodelus fistulosus L. onionweed NW AL (CAW), CA (Q), FL (NW), MA (P), MN (PNW), NM (CAW), NC

(CAW), OR (Q), SC (PP), VT (CAW)

L48 (I)

AVST Avena sterilis L. animated oat NW AL (CAW), CA (Q), FL (NW), MA (P), MN (PNW), NC (CAW), OR (Q),

SC (PP), VT (CAW)

L48 (I), CAN

(W)

AZPI Azolla pinnata R. Br. feathered

mosquitofern

NW AL (CAW), CA (Q), MA (P), NC (CAW), OR (Q), SC (ILAP, PP), VT

(CAW)

L48 (I)

CAOX6 Carthamus oxyacanthus M. Bieb. jeweled distaff

thistle

L48 (I)

CAOX2 Carthamus oxyacantha M.

Bieb., orth. var.

NW AL (CAW), CA (Q), FL (NW), MA (P), MN (PNW), NC (CAW), OR (Q),

SC (PP), VT (CAW)

CATA5 Caulerpa taxifolia (Vahl) C.

Agardh26

killer alga NW AL (CAW), MA (P), NC (CAW), OR (Q), SC (ILAP, PP), VT (CAW) L48 (I)

CHAC Chrysopogon aciculatus (Retz.)

Trin.

golden false

beardgrass

NW AL (CAW), CA (Q), FL (NW), MA (P), MN (PNW), NC (CAW), OR (Q),

SC (PP), VT (CAW)

HI (I)

COBE2 Commelina benghalensis L. jio NW AL (CAW), CA (Q), FL (NW), MA (P), MN (PNW), NC (CAW), OR (Q),

SC (PP), VT (CAW)

L48 (I), HI (I),

PR (I)

CRVU2 Crupina vulgaris Cass. common crupina NW AL (CAW), CA (AW, Q), CO (AW), FL (NW), ID (NW), MA (P), MN

(PNW), MT (CAT3), NV (NW), NC (CAW), OR (BDW, Q), SC (PP), SD

(RNPS), VT (CAW), WA (CAW, NWSPQ)

L48 (I)

CUSCU Cuscuta L.27, 28 dodder NW AL (CAW), AZ (PNW, RNW), AR (NW), CA (CW, Q), FL (NW), MA (P),

MI (NW), MN (PNW), NC (CAW), OR (BDW, Q), SC (PP), SD (RNPS),

VT (CAW)

DIAB Digitaria abyssinica (Hochst. ex

A. Rich.) Stapf

African couchgrass MA (P) HI (I)

DISC5 Digitaria scalarum (Schweinf.)

Chiov.

NW AL (CAW), CA (Q), FL (NW), MA (P), MN (PNW), NC (CAW), OR (Q),

SC (PP), VT (CAW)

DIVE2 Digitaria velutina (Forssk.) P.

Beauv.

velvet crabgrass NW AL (CAW), CA (Q), FL (NW), MA (P), MN (PNW), NC (CAW), OR (Q),

SC (PP), VT (CAW)

L48 (I)

DRAR7 Drymaria arenarioides Humb. &

Bonpl. ex Schult. [excluded]

sandwort drymary NW AL (CAW), AZ (PNW), CA (Q), FL (NW), MA (P), MN (PNW), NM

(CAW), NC (CAW), OR (Q), SC (PP), VT (CAW)

EIAZ2 Eichhornia azurea (Sw.) Kunth anchored water

hyacinth

NW AL (CAW), AZ (PNW), CA (Q), MA (P), NC (CAW), OR (Q), SC (ILAP,

PP), TX (NP), VT (CAW)

L48 (I), PR (I)

EMAU Emex australis Steinh. southern

threecornerjack

NW AL (CAW), CA (Q), FL (NW), MA (P), MN (PNW), NC (CAW), OR (Q),

SC (PP), VT (CAW)

L48 (I)

EMSP Emex spinosa (L.) Campd. spiny

threecornerjack

NW AL (CAW), CA (Q), FL (NW), HI (NW), MA (P), MN (PNW), NC (CAW),

OR (Q), SC (PP), VT (CAW)

L48 (I), HI (I)

GAOF Galega officinalis L. professor-weed NW AL (CAW), CA (Q), FL (NW), MA (P), MN (PNW), NV (NW), NC (CAW),

OR (Q), PA (NW), SC (PP), VT (CAW), WA (CAW, NWSPQ)

L48 (I), CAN (I)

HEMA17 Heracleum mantegazzianum

Sommier & Levier

giant hogweed NW AL (CAW), CA (Q), CT (PIB), FL (NW), MA (P), MN (PNW), NH (PIS),

NC (CAW), OR (ADW, Q), PA (NW), SC (PP), VT (CAW), WA (CAW,

NWSPQ)

L48 (I), CAN (I)

HOMER Homeria Vent. Cape tulip NW AL (CAW), CA (Q), MA (P), MN (PNW), NC (CAW), OR (Q), VT (CAW)

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HYVE3 Hydrilla verticillata (L. f.) Royle waterthyme NW AL (CAW), AZ (PNW), CA (AW, NAW, Q), CO (AW), CT (IB), FL (PAP1),

ME (IAP), MA (P), MS (NW), NV (NW), NM (CAW), NC (CAW), OR

(ADW, Q), SC (ILAP, PP), TX (NP), VT (CAW), WA (CAW, WAWQ)

L48 (I)

HYPO3 Hygrophila polysperma (Roxb.) T.

Anderson

Indian swampweed NW AL (CAW), CA (Q), FL (PAP2), MA (P), NC (CAW), OR (Q), SC (ILAP,

PP), VT (CAW)

L48 (I)

IMBR Imperata brasiliensis Trin. Brazilian satintail NW AL (CAW), CA (Q), FL (NW), MA (P), MN (PNW), MS (NW), NC (CAW),

OR (Q), SC (PP), VT (CAW)

L48 (I), PR (I)

IMCY Imperata cylindrica (L.) P.

Beauv.29

cogongrass NW AL (CAW), CA (Q), FL (NW), HI (NW), MN (PNW), MS (NW), NC

(CAW), OR (Q), SC (PP), VT (CAW)

L48 (I)

IPAQ Ipomoea aquatica Forssk. swamp

morning-glory

NW AL (CAW), CA (Q), FL (PAP1), MA (PR), NC (CAW), OR (Q), SC (ILAP,

PP), TX (NP), VT (CAW)

L48 (I), HI (I),

PR (I)

ISRU Ischaemum rugosum Salisb. ribbed

murainagrass

NW AL (CAW), CA (Q), FL (NW), MA (P), MN (PNW), NC (CAW), OR (Q),

SC (PP), VT (CAW)

L48 (I)

LAMA15 Lagarosiphon major (Ridley)

Moss

oxygen-weed NW AL (CAW), CA (Q), MA (P), OR (Q), SC (ILAP, PP), TX (NP), VT (CAW),

WA (WAWQ)

LECH2 Leptochloa chinensis (L.) Nees

[excluded]

Chinese

sprangletop

NW AL (CAW), CA (Q), FL (NW), MA (P), MN (PNW), NC (CAW), OR (Q),

SC (PP), VT (CAW)

LISE3 Limnophila sessiliflora (Vahl)

Blume

Asian marshweed NW AL (CAW), CA (Q), FL (PAP2), MA (P), NC (CAW), OR (Q), SC (ILAP,

PP), VT (CAW)

L48 (I)

LYFE4 Lycium ferocissimum Miers African boxthorn L48 (I)

LYFE3 Lycium ferrocissimum Miers,

orth. var.

NW AL (CAW), CA (Q), FL (NW), MA (P), MN (PNW), NC (CAW), OR (Q),

SC (PP), VT (CAW)

LYFL7 Lygodium flexuosum (L.) Sw. maidenhair creeper NW

MEQU Melaleuca quinquenervia (Cav.)

S.F. Blake

punktree NW AL (CAW), CA (Q), FL (NW, PAP1), MA (P), NC (CAW), OR (Q), SC

(ILAP, PP), TX (NP), VT (CAW)

L48 (I), HI (I),

PR (I)

MEMA Melastoma malabathricum L. Malabar melastome NW AL (CAW), CA (Q), FL (NW), MA (P), MN (PNW), NC (CAW), OR (Q),

SC (PP), VT (CAW)

HI (I)

MICO16 Mikania cordata (Burm. f.) B.L.

Rob. [excluded]

heartleaf hempvine NW AL (CAW), CA (Q), FL (NW), MA (P), MN (PNW), NC (CAW), OR (Q),

SC (PP), VT (CAW)

MIMI5 Mikania micrantha Kunth bittervine NW AL (CAW), CA (Q), FL (NW), HI (NW), MA (P), MN (PNW), NC (CAW),

OR (Q), SC (PP), VT (CAW)

L48 (I), PR (N)

MIDI8 Mimosa diplotricha C. Wright giant false

sensitive plant

HI (NW), MA (P) HI (I), PR (I)

MIIN80 Mimosa invisa Mart., non Mart.

ex Colla

NW AL (CAW), CA (Q), FL (NW), HI (NW), MA (P), MN (PNW), NC (CAW),

OR (Q), SC (PP), VT (CAW)

MIPE2 Mimosa pellita Kunth ex Willd. lollipop mimosa L48 (N), PR (N)

MIPI Mimosa pigra auct. non L. NW AL (CAW), CA (Q), FL (NW, PAP1), HI (NW), MA (P), MN (PNW), NC

(CAW), OR (Q), SC (PP), VT (CAW)

MOHA2 Monochoria hastata (L.) Solms

[excluded]

arrowleaf

falsepickerelweed

NW AL (CAW), CA (Q), FL (PAP1), MA (P), NC (CAW), OR (Q), SC (ILAP,

PP), VT (CAW)

MOVA Monochoria vaginalis (Burm. f.)

C. Presl ex Kunth

heartshape false

pickerelweed

NW AL (CAW), CA (Q), FL (PAP1), MA (P), NC (CAW), OR (Q), SC (ILAP,

PP), VT (CAW)

L48 (I), HI (I)

NATR3 Nassella trichotoma (Nees) Hack. serrated tussock NW AL (CAW), AZ (PNW), AR (NW), CA (Q), FL (NW), MA (P), MN (PNW),

NC (CAW), OR (Q), SC (PP), TX (NP), VT (CAW)

L48 (I)

STTR8 Stipa trichotoma Nees HI (NW)

OPAU10 Opuntia aurantiaca Lindl. tiger-pear NW AL (CAW), CA (Q), FL (NW), MA (P), MN (PNW), NC (CAW), OR (Q),

SC (PP), VT (CAW)

OROBA Orobanche L.30, 31 broomrape NW AL (CAW), CA (Q), FL (NW), MA (P), MN (PNW), NC (CAW), OR (Q),

SC (PP), VT (CAW)

ORLO3 Oryza longistaminata A. Chev. &

Roehr.

longstamen rice NW AL (CAW), CA (Q), FL (NW), MA (P), MN (PNW), NC (CAW), OR (Q),

SC (PP), VT (CAW)

ORPU13 Oryza punctata Kotzchy ex

Steud.

red rice NW AL (CAW), CA (Q), FL (NW), MA (P), MN (PNW), NC (CAW), OR (Q),

SC (PP), VT (CAW)

ORRU Oryza rufipogon Griffiths brownbeard rice NW AL (CAW), CA (BW, Q), FL (NW, PAP1), MA (P), MN (PNW), NC (CAW),

OR (Q), SC (PP), VT (CAW)

L48 (I)

OTAL Ottelia alismoides (L.) Pers. ducklettuce NW AL (CAW), CA (Q), MA (P), NC (CAW), OR (Q), SC (ILAP, PP), VT

(CAW)

L48 (I)

PASC6 Paspalum scrobiculatum L. kodomillet NW AL (CAW), CA (Q), FL (NW), MA (P), MN (PNW), NC (CAW), OR (Q),

SC (PP), VT (CAW)

L48 (I), HI (I)

PECL2 Pennisetum clandestinum

Hochst. ex Chiov.

kikuyugrass NW AL (CAW), CA (CW, Q), FL (NW), MA (P), MN (PNW, Q), NC (CAW), OR

(Q), SC (PP), VT (CAW)

L48 (I), HI (I),

PR (I), VI (I)

PEMA80 Pennisetum macrourum Trin. African

feathergrass

NW AL (CAW), CA (Q), FL (NW), MA (P), MN (PNW), NC (CAW), OR (Q),

SC (PP), VT (CAW)

L48 (I), HI (I)

PEPE24 Pennisetum pedicellatum Trin. Kyasuma grass NW AL (CAW), CA (Q), FL (NW), MA (P), MN (PNW), NC (CAW), OR (Q),

SC (PP), VT (CAW)

L48 (I)

PEPO14 Pennisetum polystachion (L.)

Schult.

mission grass L48 (I), HI (I),

PR (I)

PEPO4 Pennisetum polystachyon (L.)

Schult., orth. var.

NW AL (CAW), CA (Q), FL (NW), MA (P), MN (PNW), NC (CAW), OR (Q),

SC (PP), VT (CAW)

PRAL11 Prosopis alpataco Phil. NW AL (CAW), CA (Q), MN (PNW), NC (CAW), OR (Q), SC (PP), VT (CAW)

PRAR6 Prosopis argentina Burkart NW AL (CAW), CA (Q), MN (PNW), NC (CAW), OR (Q), SC (PP), VT (CAW)

PRBU2 Prosopis burkartii Muñoz NW AL (CAW), CA (Q), MN (PNW), NC (CAW), OR (Q), SC (PP), VT (CAW)

PRCA9 Prosopis caldenia Burkart NW AL (CAW), CA (Q), MN (PNW), NC (CAW), OR (Q), SC (PP), VT (CAW)

PRCA10 Prosopis calingastana Burkart cusqui NW AL (CAW), CA (Q), MN (PNW), NC (CAW), OR (Q), SC (PP), VT (CAW)

PRCA11 Prosopis campestris Griseb. NW AL (CAW), CA (Q), MN (PNW), NC (CAW), OR (Q), SC (PP), VT (CAW)

PRCA12 Prosopis castellanosii Burkart NW AL (CAW), CA (Q), MN (PNW), NC (CAW), OR (Q), SC (PP), VT (CAW)

PRDE4 Prosopis denudans Benth. NW AL (CAW), CA (Q), MN (PNW), NC (CAW), OR (Q), SC (PP), VT (CAW)

PREL5 Prosopis elata (Burkart) Burkart NW AL (CAW), CA (Q), MN (PNW), NC (CAW), OR (Q), SC (PP), VT (CAW)

PRFA2 Prosopis farcta (Banks & Sol.) J.F.

Macbr.

Syrian mesquite NW AL (CAW), CA (Q), MN (PNW), NC (CAW), OR (Q), SC (PP), VT (CAW) L48 (I)

PRFE2 Prosopis ferox Griseb. NW AL (CAW), CA (Q), MN (PNW), NC (CAW), OR (Q), SC (PP), VT (CAW)

PRFI4 Prosopis fiebrigii Harms NW AL (CAW), CA (Q), MN (PNW), NC (CAW), OR (Q), SC (PP), VT (CAW)

PRHA4 Prosopis hassleri Harms ex

Hassler

NW AL (CAW), CA (Q), MN (PNW), NC (CAW), OR (Q), SC (PP), VT (CAW)

PRHU3 Prosopis humilis Gillies ex Hook.

& Arn.

NW AL (CAW), CA (Q), MN (PNW), NC (CAW), OR (Q), SC (PP), VT (CAW)

PRKU2 Prosopis kuntzei Harms ex

Hassler

NW AL (CAW), CA (Q), MN (PNW), NC (CAW), OR (Q), SC (PP), VT (CAW)

PRPA4 Prosopis pallida (Humb. & Bonpl.

ex Willd.) Kunth

kiawe NW AL (CAW), CA (Q), MA (P), MN (PNW), NC (CAW), OR (Q), SC (PP), VT

(CAW)

HI (I), PR (I),

VI (I)

PRPA10 Prosopis palmeri S. Watson NW AL (CAW), CA (Q), MN (PNW), NC (CAW), OR (Q), SC (PP), VT (CAW)

PRRE2 Prosopis reptans Benth. tornillo NW AL (CAW), CA (Q), MA (P), MN (PNW), NC (CAW), OR (Q), SC (PP), VT

(CAW)

L48 (N)

PRRO4 Prosopis rojasiana Burkart NW AL (CAW), CA (Q), MN (PNW), NC (CAW), OR (Q), SC (PP), VT (CAW)

PRRU4 Prosopis ruizlealii Burkart NW AL (CAW), CA (Q), MN (PNW), NC (CAW), OR (Q), SC (PP), VT (CAW)

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PRRU5 Prosopis ruscifolia Griseb. NW AL (CAW), CA (Q), MN (PNW), NC (CAW), OR (Q), SC (PP), VT (CAW)

PRSE5 Prosopis sericantha Gillies ex

Hook. & Arn.

NW AL (CAW), CA (Q), MN (PNW), NC (CAW), OR (Q), SC (PP), VT (CAW)

PRST3 Prosopis strombulifera (Lam.)

Benth.

Argentine

screwbean

NW AL (CAW), CA (AW, Q), MA (P), MN (PNW), NC (CAW), OR (Q), SC

(PP), VT (CAW)

L48 (I)

PRTO3 Prosopis torquata DC. NW AL (CAW), CA (Q), MN (PNW), NC (CAW), OR (Q), SC (PP), VT (CAW)

PRVE Prosopis velutina Woot. velvet mesquite MA (P) L48 (N), HI (I)

PRAR4 Prosopis articulata S. Watson NW AL (CAW), CA (Q), MN (PNW), NC (CAW), OR (Q), SC (PP), VT (CAW)

ROCO6 Rottboellia cochinchinensis

(Lour.) W.D. Clayton

itchgrass NW AL (CAW), CA (Q), MA (P), MN (PNW), MS (NW), NC (CAW), OR (Q),

SC (PP), TX (NP), VT (CAW)

L48 (I), PR (I)

ROEX2 Rottboellia exaltata (L.) L. f. AR (NW), FL (NW)

RUFR80 Rubus fruticosus L. [excluded] shrubby blackberry NW AL (CAW), CA (Q), FL (NW), MA (P), MN (PNW), NC (CAW), OR (Q),

SC (PP), VT (CAW)

RUMO4 Rubus moluccanus L. [excluded] eelkek NW AL (CAW), CA (Q), FL (NW), MA (P), MN (PNW), NC (CAW), OR (Q),

SC (PP), VT (CAW)

SASP Saccharum spontaneum L. wild sugarcane NW AL (CAW), CA (Q), FL (NW), MA (P), MN (PNW), NC (CAW), OR (Q),

SC (PP), VT (CAW)

HI (I), PR (I)

SASA7 Sagittaria sagittifolia L.

[excluded]

Hawaii arrowhead NW AL (CAW), CA (Q), MA (P), NC (CAW), OR (Q), SC (ILAP, PP), VT

(CAW)

SAVE6 Salsola vermiculata L. shrubby Russian

thistle

NW AL (CAW), CA (AW, Q), FL (NW), MA (P), MN (PNW), NC (CAW), OR

(Q), SC (PP), VT (CAW)

L48 (I)

SAAU Salvinia auriculata Aubl. eared watermoss NW AL (CAW), CA (Q, QW), MA (P), OR (Q), SC (ILAP, PP), VT (CAW) PR (I)

SABI9 Salvinia biloba Raddi giant salvinia NW AL (CAW), CA (Q), MA (P), OR (Q), SC (ILAP, PP), VT (CAW)

SAHE7 Salvinia herzogii de la Sota giant salvinia NW AL (CAW), CA (Q), MA (P), OR (Q), SC (ILAP, PP), VT (CAW)

SAMO5 Salvinia molesta Mitchell kariba-weed NW AL (CAW), AZ (PNW, RGNW), CA (Q), CO (AW), CT (PIB), MA (P), MS

(NW), NV (NW), OR (Q), SC (ILAP, PP), VT (CAW)

L48 (I), HI (I)

SEIN10 Senecio inaequidens DC. South African

ragwort

NW

SEPUP3 Setaria pumila (Poir.) Roem. &

Schult. ssp. pallidefusca

(Schumach.) B.K. Simon

cattail grass L48 (I)

SEPA82 Setaria pallidifusca

(Schumach.) Stapf & C.E.

Hubbard, orth. var.

NW AL (CAW), CA (Q), FL (NW), MA (P), MN (PNW), NC (CAW), OR (Q),

SC (PP), VT (CAW)

SOTA3 Solanum tampicense Dunal scrambling

nightshade

NW AL (CAW), CA (Q), FL (NW), MA (P), NC (CAW), OR (Q), SC (ILAP, PP),

VT (CAW)

L48 (I)

SOTO4 Solanum torvum Sw. turkey berry NW AL (CAW), CA (Q), FL (NW), HI (NW), MA (P), MN (PNW), NC (CAW),

OR (Q), SC (PP), VT (CAW)

L48 (I), HI (I),

PR (I), VI (I)

SOVI2 Solanum viarum Dunal tropical soda apple NW AL (CAW), AZ (PNW), CA (Q), FL (NW), MA (P), MN (PNW), MS (NW),

NC (CAW), OR (Q), SC (PP), TN (PP), TX (NP), VT (CAW)

L48 (I)

SPER Sparganium erectum L. simplestem

bur-reed

NW AL (CAW), CA (Q), FL (PAP1), MA (P), NC (CAW), OR (Q), SC (ILAP,

PP), VT (CAW)

L48 (N)

SPAL3 Spermacoce alata Aubl.

[excluded]

winged false

buttonweed

NW AL (CAW), CA (Q), MA (P), MN (PNW), NC (CAW), OR (Q), SC (PP), VT

(CAW)

BOAL4 Borreria alata (Aubl.) DC. FL (NW)

TRPR5 Tridax procumbens L. coatbuttons NW AL (CAW), CA (Q), FL (NW), MA (P), MN (PNW), NC (CAW), OR (Q),

SC (PP), VT (CAW)

L48 (I), HI (I),

PR (I), VI (I)

URPA Urochloa panicoides P. Beauv. panic liverseed

grass

NW AL (CAW), CA (Q), FL (NW), MA (P), MN (PNW), NC (CAW), OR (Q),

SC (PP), VT (CAW)

L48 (I)

STRIG Striga Lour. witchweed NW, Q AL (CAW), AZ (PNW), AR (NW), CA (Q), HI (NW), MA (P), MN (PNW),

NC (CAW), OR (Q), SC (PP), VT (CAW)

†Code Noxious Status

ADW "A" designated weed

AW A list (noxious weeds)

BDW "B" designated weed

BW B list (noxious weeds)

CAT1 Category 1 noxious weed

CAT2 Category 2 noxious weed

CAT3 Category 3 noxious weed

CAW Class A noxious weed

CBW Class B noxious weed

CCW Class C noxious weed

CW C list (noxious weeds)

IAP Invasive aquatic plant

IB Invasive, banned

ILAP Invasive aquatic plant

INB Invasive, not banned

NAW Noxious aquatic weed

NP Noxious plant

NUW Nuisance weed

NW Noxious weed

NWSPQ Noxious weed seed and plant quarantine

P Prohibited

PAP1 Prohibited aquatic plant, Class 1

PAP2 Prohibited aquatic plant, Class 2

PIB Potentially invasive, banned

PINB Potentially invasive, not banned

PIS Prohibited invasive Species

PN Public nuisance

PNW Prohibited noxious weed

PP Plant pest

PR Permit required

PRNW Primary noxious weed

Q Quarantine

QW Q list (temporary "A" list noxious weed, pending final determination)

RGNW Regulated noxious weeds

RNPS Regulated non-native plant species

RNW Restricted noxious weed

SNW Secondary noxious weed

State and Federal Noxious Weeds List | USDA PLANTS http://plants.usda.gov/java/noxComposite?sort=fedStatus

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SP Sale prohibited

WAWQ Wetland and aquatic weed quarantine

*Code Native Status

I Introduced

I? Probably Introduced

N Native

N? Probably Native

NI Native and Introduced

W Waif

*Code Native Status Jurisdiction

L48 Lower 48 States

AK Alaska

HI Hawaii

PR Puerto Rico

VI Virgin Islands

CAN Canada

GL Greenland

SPM St. Pierre and Miquelon

NA North America

1 IL; within the corporate limits of cities, villages, and incorporated towns 

2 MI; bushes subject to attack by black stem rust are prohibited 

3 OR; except named horticultural varieties 

4 UT; Bermudagrass shall not be a noxious weed in Washington County and shall not be subject to provisions of the Utah noxious Weed Act within the boundaries of the county 

5 WA; only cultivars 'Baltica', 'Pittsburgh', 'Star' 

6 WA; only cultivar 'Hibernica' 

7 WA; non-native Hieracium species except those listed as Class A or Class B 

8 AZ; all species except Ipomoea carnea, Mexican bush morning glory, I. triloba, three-lobed morning glory, and I. arborescens, morning glory tree 

9 NC; any Lythrum spp. not native to North Carolina 

10 WI; any nonnative member of the genus Lythrum or hybrids thereof 

11 MI; any nonnative member of the genus Lythrum or hybrid of the genus is prohibited from sale 

12 PA; including all cultivars 

13 TN; and related cultivars 

14 WA; any hybrid cross 

15 IA; it is illegal to import, sell, offer for sale, or distribute the seeds or the plants of purple loosestrife in any form 

16 WA; non-native genotypes 

17 IA; except R. frangula 

18 MI; planting of currants and gooseberries in certain parts of the State of Michigan is prohibited 

19 MO; except when cultivated for or used as understock for cultivated roses 

20 IA; not considered a noxious weed when used as a rootstock for cultivated roses 

21 NC; all except S. minima 

22 FL; excluding S. minima 

23 WA; in hay 

24 IA; not a noxious weed when cultivated 

25 OH; when growing in groups of 100 or more and not pruned, sprayed, cultivated, or otherwise maintained for two consecutive years 

26 US, AL, NC, OR, SC, VT; Mediterranean clone 

27 US, AL, CA, MN, NC, SC, VT; other than native or widely distributed species 

28 FL; Only the native Florida species are excluded from this list. These include: C. americana, C. compacta, C. exaltata, C. gronovii, C. indecora, C. obtusiflora, C. pentagona, C. umbellata 

29 OR; Imperata cylindrica 'Red Baron' is excluded from quarantine 

30 US, AL, CA, MN, NC, OR, SC, VT; other than native or widely distributed species 

31 FL; with the exception of O. uniflora 

Time Generated: 03/28/2012 04:58 PM CDT

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State and Federal Noxious Weeds List | USDA PLANTS http://plants.usda.gov/java/noxComposite?sort=fedStatus

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