99
100
101

102

103
104

105
106

107
108
109
110
1
112
113
114

115
116

1

118
119
120
121

122

123

124

125

CG

Western Forests

Western Coniferous Forest *
Fir, Spruce
Douglas Fir, Pacific Silver Fir, Western Hemlock

Western White Pine, Ponderosa Pine, Douglas Fir,
Lodgepole Pine

Lodgepole Pine, Ponderosa Pine, Western White Pine,
Fir, Spruce

Lodgepole Pine, Ponderosa Pine, Western White Pine

Western White Pine, Ponderosa Pine, Lodgepole Pine,
Douglas Fir

Lodgepole Pine, Ponderosa Pine, Douglas Fir

Ponderosa Pine, Lodgepole Pine, Western White Pine,
Juniper

Lodgepole Pine, Ponderosa Pine, Western White Pine
Ponderosa Pine, Pinyon Pine, Juniper, Oak
Ponderosa Pine, Lodgepole Pine

Douglas Fir, Pacific Silver Fir, Western Hemlock
Ponderosa Pine, Lodgepole Pine, Juniper

Douglas Fir, Sitka Spruce, Western Hemlock
Lodgepole Pine, Ponderosa Pine, Western White Pine

Ponderosa Pine, Pinyon Pine, Douglas Fir, Juniper,
Aspen

Ponderosa Pine, Lodgepole Pine, Douglas Fir, Oak

Ponderosa Pine, Lodgepole Pine, Western White Pine,
Douglas Fir

Ponderosa Pine, Lodgepole Pine, Western White Pine,
Douglas Fir, Aspen

Ponderosa Pine, Douglas Fir

Douglas Fir, Ponderosa Pine, Sugar Pine, Oak
Ponderosa Pine, Douglas Fir, Oak

Ponderosa Pine, Sugar Pine, Douglas Fir, Oak

Douglas Fir, Western Hemlock, Western Red Cedar,
Sitka Spruce

Western Hemlock, Western Red Cedar, Douglas Fir,
Sitka Spruce, Pasture

Ponderosa Pine, Sugar Pine, Douglas Fir, Redwood,
Oak

Ponderosa Pine, Western Hemlock, Redwood,
Western Red Cedar, Douglas Fir, Oak

Three hues of increasing intensity were used to
represent the group's increasing primary production.

Western Woodlands
126 Grasses, Ponderosa Pine, Lodgepole Pine

127 Sage, Annual Grasses, Oak, Pine

128 Ponderosa Pine, Lodgepole Pine, Wheatgrass,
Sage

129 Ponderosa Pine, Pinyon Pine, Juniper
130 Pinyon Pine, Juniper, Grasses, Ponderosa Pine
131 Ponderosa Pine, Western White Pine, Grasses

132. Pinyon Pine, Juniper, Ponderosa Pine,
Douglas Fir, Grasses, Sage

Western Mixed Forest

142 Lodgepole Pine, Douglas Fir, Aspen,
Mountain Shrubs

14:

Lodgepole Pine, Western White Pine,
Ponderosa Pine, Aspen, Mountain Shrubs

144 Lodgepole Pine, Western White Pine,
Ponderosa Pine, Aspen, Mountain Shrubs

14!

Lodgepole Pine, Western White Pine,
Ponderosa Pine, Aspen, Mountain Shrubs

146 Lodgepole Pine, Douglas Fir, Aspen
147 Ponderosa Pine, Lodgepole Pine, Aspen
148 Ponderosa Pine, Lodgepole Pine, Aspen

Western Deciduous Forest
96 Aspen, Mountain Shrubs, Grasses
97 Aspen, Mountain Shrubs

Alpine Tundra

156 Lodgepole Pine, Douglas Fir,
Aspen, Alpine Tundra

157 Alpine Tundra
158 Alpine Tundra
159 Alpine Tundra

Barren

155 Barren or Sparsely Vegetated

Seasonal Land Cover Regions

This map represents seasonal regions of the conterminous United States and was developed through the analysis

of March-October 1990 1-km Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) imagery, digital elevation,

ecoregions, and climate data. The seasonal land cover regions have unique combinations of vegetation mosaics,
seasonal properties (onset, peak, and length of green period), and annual primary production. The regions are
grouped into general land cover types; increasing color intensity within each group corresponds to increasing
primary production. The vegetation types listed above represent species commonly found in each region. For
each seasonal land cover region, there are corresponding sets of attributes of land characteristics (vegetation
components, seasonal properties, spectral measures, elevation, soils, and climate).

The complete land characteristics data base, available on CD-ROM from the following address, can be tailored

into classification legends or parameters required for specific applications:

Customer Services

USGS, EROS Data Center
Sioux Falls, SD 57198
605-594-6507

66
67
68
69
70
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72
73

14
75
16
7
7
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80
81
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56
5
58
59
60
61

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62
63
64
65

Shrublands : |

Desert Shrubland
Bur Sage, Saltbush, Greasewood, Shadscale

Greasewood, Sage

Creosote, Mesquite, Saltbush, Sand Sage
Creosote, Saltbush, Sand Sage
Dropseed, Sand Sage, Creosote
Saltbush, Greasewood, Big Sage

Shrubland/Grassland
Greasewood, Sage, Rabbitbrush, Needlegrass

Sand Sage, Creosote, Ricegrass, Blue Grama,
Dropseed

Big Sage, Rabbitbrush, Wheatgrass, Fescue

Greasewood, Sage, Wheatgrass, Needleandthread |
Sand Sage, Blue Grama, Wheatgrass, Buffalograss |
Creosote, Sand Sage, Grama, Wheatgrass

Big Sage, Rabbitbrush, Wheatgrass, Fescue

Sand Sage, Creosote, Dropseed, Blue Grama

Blue Grama, Buffalograss, Big Sage, Saltbush

Sand Sage, Oak, Blue Grama, Buffalograss

Grama, Buffalograss, Wheatgrass, Creosote, Mesquite

Grama, Buffalograss, Wheatgrass, Creosote, Mesquite

Grasslands

Chaparral

Annual Grasses, Manzanita, Oak, Pine

Annual Grasses, Manzanita, Oak, Pinyon Pine,
Juniper

Savanna
Bluestem, Sand Sage, Blue Grama, Oak, Juniper
Oak, Juniper, Bluestem, Indiangrass, Switchgrass

Oak, Bluestem, Indiangrass, Mesquite, Juniper

Oak, Bluestem, Indiangrass, Switchgrass, Juniper

Grassland
Wheatgrass, Needlegrass, Needleandthread
Wheatgrass, Needlegrass, Needleandthread
Bluestem, Blue Grama
Blue Grama, Wheatgrass, Buffalograss
Wheatgrass, Blue Grama, Needleandthread
Wheatgrass, Fescue, Big Sage

Wheatgrass, Blue Grama, Needleandthread,
Big Sage

Annual Grasses, Manzanita, Oak
Wheatgrass, Needlegrass
Wheatgrass, Needlegrass, Needleandthread

Bluestem, Indiangrass, Switchgrass

8

3.

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2
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2
2
2
2
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2
3
31
32

S8RBNUIRRREBB

35
36
37
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3

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4
4

4
44
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46
4
43
4

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Se

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5

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_ Croplands

Irrigated/Dry Land

Sorghum, Small Grains, Irrigated
Agriculture

Irrigated Agriculture, Mixed Row
Crops

Irrigated

Irrigated Agriculture
Irrigated Agriculture
Inrigated Agriculture
Irrigated Agriculture
Irrigated Agriculture
Inrigated Agriculture
Inrigated Agriculture
Inrigated Agriculture
Irrigated Agriculture
Irrigated Agriculture

Irrigated Agriculture

Cropland/Grassland

Bluestem, Grama, Wheatgrass, Small Grains
Grama, Buffalograss, Wheat, Sorghum
Small Grains, Sorghum, Blue Grama

Wheatgrass, Needleandthread, Wheat, Peas,
Lentils

Bluestem, Wheatgrass, Wheat, Sorghum

Cropland/Woodland

Riparian Woods, Irrigated Agriculture,
Blue Grama

Soybeans, Cotton, Rice, Corn, Oak, Tupelo

Cor, Soybeans, Sorghum, Irrigated
Agriculture, Mixed Woodlots

Mixed Pine, Oak, Soybeans, Corn
Pasture, Small Grains, Douglas Fir, Oak
Soybeans, Corn, Peanuts, Cotton, Oak, Pine
Maple, Birch, Beech, Corn, Soybeans, Pasture
Oak, Hickory, Pine, Soybeans, Corn, Pasture
Citrus, Pasture, Slash Pine, Longleaf Pine

Loblolly Pine, Slash Pine, Soybeans, Corn,
Peanuts, Cotton

Pine, Oak, Soybeans, Corn, Pasture

Pasture, Hay, Corn, Soybeans, Oak, Hickory
Forage Crops, Hay, Woodlots (Oak, Maple)
Oak, Pine, Soybeans, Corn, Cotton, Peanuts

Soybeans, Cotton, Rice, Corn, Oak, Pine

auw

a

14

16
18

oN

10

15
17

20
21

cone

Small Grains/Row Crops
Small Grains, Mixed Row Crops

‘Small Grains, Mixed Row Crops

Mixed Row Crops (Cor, Sunflowers,
Soybeans), Small Grains

Mixed Crops (Wheat, Sorghum,
Corn, Alfalfa, Oats)

Small Grains, Mixed Row Crops,
Pasture

Small Grains, Mixed Row Crops,
Pasture

Mixed Crops (Wheat, Sorghum, Corn,
Alfalfa, Oats)

Corn, Soybeans, Alfalfa, Flax, Wheat
Mixed Cropland, Pasture, Woodland

Row Crops
Soybeans, Corn, Cotton

Soybeans, Cotton, Rice, Corn
Soybeans, Cotton, Rice, Com
Corn, Soybeans

Soybeans, Cotton, Corn
Corn, Soybeans

Soybeans, Com, Cotton,
Vegetable Crops

Corn, Soybeans, Pasture
Corn, Soybeans, Loblolly Pine

Small Grains
Spring Wheat
Small Grains

Winter Wheat

Eastern Forests

Northern Mixed Forest
133 Maple, Beech, Birch, Jack Pine, Red Pine
134. Maple, Birch, Beech, Spruce, Fir
135 Spruce, Pine, Wetlands, Northern Hardwoods

136 Oak, Maple, Ash, Beech, Birch, Jack Pine,
Red Pine

137 Beech, Birch, Maple, Spruce, Fir, Hemlock

Northern Deciduous Forest
90 Maple, Birch, White Pine, Red Pine
91 Oak, Maple, Ash, Pasture
92 Maple, Birch, Beech
93 Beech, Birch, Maple, Oak, Pasture

Southeast Mixed Forest

138 Slash Pine, Longleaf Pine, Oak, Palm,
Mangrove, Wetlands

139 Loblolly Pine, Slash Pine, Oak, Gum,
Soybeans, Corn, Cotton

140 Loblolly Pine, Longleaf/Shortleaf Pine,
Slash Pine, Oak, Gum, Cypress

141 Loblolly Pine, Slash Pine, Shortleaf Pine,
Oak, Gum, Poplar

Southeast Deciduous Forest
Oak, Hickory, Mixed Cropland
Oak, Hickory, Poplar, Beech, Walnut

9
%

ae

Southeast Coniferous Forest

Loblolly Pine, Longleaf Pine, Slash Pine,
Shortleaf Pine

9

8

Coastal Wetlands

Herbaceous Wetlands
150 Fresh/Saltwater Marsh
151 Fresh/Saltwater Marsh
152 Fresh/Saltwater Marsh

Forested Wetlands

153. Fresh/Saltwater Marsh, Bald Cypress,
Mangrove, Oak, Gum

154. Fresh/Saltwater Marsh, Oak, Gum,
Cypress

Water

149 Water

*U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE: 194-557-075