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[Congressional Bills 115th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[S. 1311 Enrolled Bill (ENR)]

        S.1311

                     One Hundred Fifteenth Congress

                                 of the

                        United States of America

                          AT THE SECOND SESSION

         Begun and held at the City of Washington on Wednesday,
           the third day of January, two thousand and eighteen

                                 An Act

 
  To provide assistance in abolishing human trafficking in the United 
                                 States.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS.
    (a) Short Title.--This Act may be cited as the ``Abolish Human 
Trafficking Act of 2017''.
    (b) Table of Contents.--The table of contents for this Act is as 
follows:

Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents.
Sec. 2. Preserving Domestic Trafficking Victims' Fund.
Sec. 3. Mandatory restitution for victims of commercial sexual 
          exploitation.
Sec. 4. Victim-witness assistance in sexual exploitation cases.
Sec. 5. Victim protection training for the Department of Homeland 
          Security.
Sec. 6. Direct services for child victims of human trafficking.
Sec. 7. Holistic training for Federal law enforcement officers and 
          prosecutors.
Sec. 8. Best practices in delivering justice for victims of trafficking.
Sec. 9. Improving the national strategy to combat human trafficking.
Sec. 10. Specialized human trafficking training and technical assistance 
          for service providers.
Sec. 11. Enhanced penalties for human trafficking, child exploitation, 
          and repeat offenders.
Sec. 12. Targeting organized human trafficking perpetrators.
Sec. 13. Investigating complex human trafficking networks.
Sec. 14. Combating sex tourism.
Sec. 15. Human Trafficking Justice Coordinators.
Sec. 16. Interagency Task Force to Monitor and Combat Human Trafficking.
Sec. 17. Additional reporting on crime.
Sec. 18. Strengthening the national human trafficking hotline.
Sec. 19. Ending Government partnerships with the commercial sex 
          industry.
Sec. 20. Understanding the effects of severe forms of trafficking in 
          persons.
Sec. 21. Combating trafficking in persons.
Sec. 22. Grant accountability.
Sec. 23. HERO Act improvements.
SEC. 2. PRESERVING DOMESTIC TRAFFICKING VICTIMS' FUND.
    (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that the 
Domestic Trafficking Victims' Fund established under section 3014 of 
title 18, United States Code--
        (1) is intended to supplement, and not supplant, any other 
    funding for domestic trafficking victims; and
        (2) has achieved the objective described in paragraph (1) since 
    the establishment of the Fund.
    (b) Ensuring Full Funding.--Section 3014 of title 18, United States 
Code, is amended--
        (1) in subsection (a), in the matter preceding paragraph (1), 
    by striking ``September 30, 2019'' and inserting ``September 30, 
    2021'';
        (2) in subsection (e)(1), in the matter preceding subparagraph 
    (A), by striking ``2019'' and inserting ``2023'';
        (3) in subsection (f), by inserting ``, including the mandatory 
    imposition of civil remedies for satisfaction of an unpaid fine as 
    authorized under section 3613, where appropriate'' after ``criminal 
    cases''; and
        (4) in subsection (h)(3), by inserting ``and child victims of a 
    severe form of trafficking (as defined in section 103 of the 
    Victims of Trafficking and Violence Protection Act of 2000 (22 
    U.S.C. 7102))'' after ``child pornography victims''.
SEC. 3. MANDATORY RESTITUTION FOR VICTIMS OF COMMERCIAL SEXUAL 
EXPLOITATION.
    (a) Amendment.--Chapter 117 of title 18, United States Code, is 
amended by adding at the end the following:
``Sec. 2429. Mandatory restitution
    ``(a) Notwithstanding section 3663 or 3663A, and in addition to any 
other civil or criminal penalty authorized by law, the court shall 
order restitution for any offense under this chapter.
    ``(b)(1) The order of restitution under this section shall direct 
the defendant to pay the victim (through the appropriate court 
mechanism) the full amount of the victim's losses, as determined by the 
court under paragraph (3), and shall additionally require the defendant 
to pay the greater of the gross income or value to the defendant of the 
victim's services, if the services constitute commercial sex acts as 
defined under section 1591.
    ``(2) An order of restitution under this section shall be issued 
and enforced in accordance with section 3664 in the same manner as an 
order under section 3663A.
    ``(3) As used in this subsection, the term `full amount of the 
victim's losses' has the same meaning as provided in section 
2259(b)(3).
    ``(c) The forfeiture of property under this section shall be 
governed by the provisions of section 413 (other than subsection (d) of 
such section) of the Controlled Substances Act (21 U.S.C. 853).
    ``(d) As used in this section, the term `victim' means the 
individual harmed as a result of a crime under this chapter, including, 
in the case of a victim who is under 18 years of age, incompetent, 
incapacitated, or deceased, the legal guardian of the victim or a 
representative of the victim's estate, or another family member, or any 
other person appointed as suitable by the court, but in no event shall 
the defendant be named such representative or guardian.''.
    (b) Table of Sections.--The table of sections for chapter 117 of 
title 18, United States Code, is amended by inserting after the item 
relating to section 2428 the following:

``2429. Mandatory restitution.''.
SEC. 4. VICTIM-WITNESS ASSISTANCE IN SEXUAL EXPLOITATION CASES.
    (a) Availability of DOJ Appropriations.--Section 524(c)(1)(B) of 
title 28, United States Code, is amended by inserting ``, chapter 110 
of title 18'' after ``chapter 77 of title 18''.
    (b) Amendment to Title 31.--Section 9705(a)(2)(B)(v) of title 31, 
United States Code, is amended by inserting ``, chapter 109A of title 
18 (relating to sexual abuse), chapter 110 of title 18 (relating to 
child sexual exploitation), or chapter 117 of title 18 (relating to 
transportation for illegal sexual activity and related crimes)'' after 
``(relating to human trafficking)''.
SEC. 5. VICTIM PROTECTION TRAINING FOR THE DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND 
SECURITY.
    (a) In General.--Title IX of the Justice for Victims of Trafficking 
Act of 2015 (6 U.S.C. 641 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the 
following:
    ``SEC. 906. VICTIM PROTECTION TRAINING FOR THE DEPARTMENT OF 
      HOMELAND SECURITY.
    ``(a) Directive to DHS Law Enforcement Officials and Task Forces.--
        ``(1) In general.--Not later than 180 days after the date of 
    enactment of this section, the Secretary shall issue a directive 
    to--
            ``(A) all Federal law enforcement officers and relevant 
        personnel employed by the Department who may be involved in the 
        investigation of human trafficking offenses; and
            ``(B) members of all task forces led by the Department that 
        participate in the investigation of human trafficking offenses.
        ``(2) Required instructions.--The directive required to be 
    issued under paragraph (1) shall include instructions on--
            ``(A) the investigation of individuals who patronize or 
        solicit human trafficking victims as being engaged in severe 
        trafficking in persons and how such individuals should be 
        investigated for their roles in severe trafficking in persons; 
        and
            ``(B) how victims of sex or labor trafficking often engage 
        in criminal acts as a direct result of severe trafficking in 
        persons and such individuals are victims of a crime and 
        affirmative measures should be taken to avoid arresting, 
        charging, or prosecuting such individuals for any offense that 
        is the direct result of their victimization.
    ``(b) Victim Screening Protocol.--
        ``(1) In general.--Not later than 180 days after the date of 
    enactment of this section, the Secretary shall issue a screening 
    protocol for use during all anti-trafficking law enforcement 
    operations in which the Department is involved.
        ``(2) Requirements.--The protocol required to be issued under 
    paragraph (1) shall--
            ``(A) require the individual screening of all adults and 
        children who are suspected of engaging in commercial sex acts, 
        child labor that is a violation of law, or work in violation of 
        labor standards to determine whether each individual screened 
        is a victim of human trafficking;
            ``(B) require affirmative measures to avoid arresting, 
        charging, or prosecuting human trafficking victims for any 
        offense that is the direct result of their victimization;
            ``(C) be developed in consultation with relevant 
        interagency partners and nongovernmental organizations that 
        specialize in the prevention of human trafficking or in the 
        identification and support of victims of human trafficking and 
        survivors of human trafficking; and
            ``(D) include--
                ``(i) procedures and practices to ensure that the 
            screening process minimizes trauma or revictimization of 
            the person being screened; and
                ``(ii) guidelines on assisting victims of human 
            trafficking in identifying and receiving restorative 
            services.
    ``(c) Mandatory Training.--The training described in sections 902 
and 904 shall include training necessary to implement--
        ``(1) the directive required under subsection (a); and
        ``(2) the protocol required under subsection (b).''.
    (b) Table of Contents Amendment.--The table of contents in section 
1(b) of the Justice for Victims of Trafficking Act of 2015 (Public Law 
114-22; 129 Stat. 227) is amended by inserting after the item relating 
to section 905 the following:

``Sec. 906. Victim protection training for the Department of Homeland 
          Security.''.
SEC. 6. DIRECT SERVICES FOR CHILD VICTIMS OF HUMAN TRAFFICKING.
    Section 214(b) of the Victims of Child Abuse Act of 1990 (34 U.S.C. 
20304(b)) is amended--
        (1) in the heading by inserting ``Child Victims of a Severe 
    Form of Trafficking in Persons and'' before ``Victims of Child 
    Pornography''; and
        (2) by inserting ``victims of a severe form of trafficking (as 
    defined in section 103 of the Trafficking Victims Protection Act of 
    2000 (22 U.S.C. 7102(9)(A))) who were under the age of 18 at the 
    time of the offense and'' before ``victims of child pornography''.
SEC. 7. HOLISTIC TRAINING FOR FEDERAL LAW ENFORCEMENT OFFICERS AND 
PROSECUTORS.
    All training required under the Combat Human Trafficking Act of 
2015 (34 U.S.C. 20709) and section 105(c)(4) of the Trafficking Victims 
Protection Act of 2000 (22 U.S.C. 7105(c)(4)) shall--
        (1) emphasize that an individual who knowingly solicits or 
    patronizes a commercial sex act from a person who was a minor 
    (consistent with section 1591(c) of title 18, United States Code) 
    or was subject to force, fraud, or coercion is guilty of an offense 
    under chapter 77 of title 18, United States Code, and is a party to 
    a human trafficking offense;
        (2) develop specific curriculum for--
            (A) under appropriate circumstances, arresting and 
        prosecuting buyers of commercial sex, child labor that is a 
        violation of law, or forced labor as a form of primary 
        prevention; and
            (B) investigating and prosecuting individuals who knowingly 
        benefit financially from participation in a venture that has 
        engaged in any act of human trafficking; and
        (3) specify that any comprehensive approach to eliminating 
    human trafficking shall include a demand reduction component.
SEC. 8. BEST PRACTICES IN DELIVERING JUSTICE FOR VICTIMS OF 
TRAFFICKING.
    Not later than 180 days after the date of enactment of this Act, 
the Attorney General shall issue guidance to all offices and components 
of the Department of Justice--
        (1) emphasizing that an individual who knowingly solicits or 
    patronizes a commercial sex act from a person who was a minor 
    (consistent with section 1591(c) of title 18, United States Code) 
    or was subject to force, fraud, or coercion is guilty of an offense 
    under chapter 77 of title 18, United States Code, and is a party to 
    a severe form of trafficking in persons, as that term is defined in 
    section 103(9) of the Trafficking Victims Protection Act of 2000 
    (22 U.S.C. 7102(9));
        (2) recommending and implementing best practices for the 
    collection of special assessments under section 3014 of title 18, 
    United States Code, as added by section 101 of the Justice for 
    Victims of Trafficking Act of 2015 (Public Law 114-22; 129 Stat. 
    228), including a directive that civil liens are an authorized 
    collection method and remedy under section 3613 of title 18, United 
    States Code; and
        (3) clarifying that commercial sexual exploitation is a form of 
    gender-based violence.
SEC. 9. IMPROVING THE NATIONAL STRATEGY TO COMBAT HUMAN TRAFFICKING.
    Section 606(b) of the Justice for Victims of Trafficking Act of 
2015 (34 U.S.C. 20711(b)) is amended by adding at the end the 
following:
        ``(6) A national strategy to prevent human trafficking and 
    reduce demand for human trafficking victims.''.
  SEC. 10. SPECIALIZED HUMAN TRAFFICKING TRAINING AND TECHNICAL 
      ASSISTANCE FOR SERVICE PROVIDERS.
    (a) In General.--Section 111 of the Violence Against Women and 
Department of Justice Reauthorization Act of 2005 (34 U.S.C. 20708) is 
amended--
        (1) in the heading, by striking ``law enforcement training 
    programs'' and inserting ``specialized human trafficking training 
    and technical assistance for service providers'';
        (2) in subsection (a)(2), by striking ``means a State or a 
    local government.'' and inserting the following: ``means--
            ``(A) a State or unit of local government;
            ``(B) a federally recognized Indian tribal government, as 
        determined by the Secretary of the Interior;
            ``(C) a victim service provider;
            ``(D) a nonprofit or for-profit organization (including a 
        tribal nonprofit or for-profit organization);
            ``(E) a national organization; or
            ``(F) an institution of higher education (including tribal 
        institutions of higher education).'';
        (3) by striking subsection (b) and inserting the following:
    ``(b) Grants Authorized.--The Attorney General may award grants to 
eligible entities to--
        ``(1) provide training to identify and protect victims of 
    trafficking;
        ``(2) improve the quality and quantity of services offered to 
    trafficking survivors; and
        ``(3) improve victim service providers' partnerships with 
    Federal, State, tribal, and local law enforcement agencies and 
    other relevant entities.''; and
        (4) in subsection (c)--
            (A) in paragraph (2), by striking ``or'' at the end;
            (B) in paragraph (3), by striking the period at the end and 
        inserting a semicolon; and
            (C) by inserting after paragraph (3) the following:
        ``(4) provide technical assistance on the range of services 
    available to victim service providers who serve trafficking 
    victims;
        ``(5) develop and distribute materials, including materials 
    identifying best practices in accordance with Federal law and 
    policies, to support victim service providers working with human 
    trafficking victims;
        ``(6) identify and disseminate other publicly available 
    materials in accordance with Federal law to help build capacity of 
    service providers;
        ``(7) provide training at relevant conferences, through 
    webinars, or through other mechanisms in accordance with Federal 
    law; or
        ``(8) assist service providers in developing additional 
    resources such as partnerships with Federal, State, tribal, and 
    local law enforcement agencies and other relevant entities in order 
    to access a range of available services in accordance with Federal 
    law.''.
    (b) Technical and Conforming Amendment.--The table of contents in 
section 2 of the Violence Against Women and Department of Justice 
Reauthorization Act of 2005 (Public Law 109-162; 119 Stat. 2960) is 
amended by striking the item relating to section 111 and inserting the 
following:

``Sec. 111. Grants for specialized human trafficking training and 
          technical assistance for service providers.''.
  SEC. 11. ENHANCED PENALTIES FOR HUMAN TRAFFICKING, CHILD 
      EXPLOITATION, AND REPEAT OFFENDERS.
    Part I of title 18, United States Code, is amended--
        (1) in chapter 77--
            (A) in section 1583(a), in the flush text following 
        paragraph (3), by striking ``not more than 20 years'' and 
        inserting ``not more than 30 years'';
            (B) in section 1587, by striking ``four years'' and 
        inserting ``10 years''; and
            (C) in section 1591(d), by striking ``20 years'' and 
        inserting ``25 years''; and
        (2) in section 2426--
            (A) in subsection (a), by striking ``twice'' and inserting 
        ``3 times''; and
            (B) in subsection (b)(1)(B) by striking ``paragraph (1)'' 
        and inserting ``subparagraph (A)''.
  SEC. 12. TARGETING ORGANIZED HUMAN TRAFFICKING PERPETRATORS.
    Section 521(c) of title 18, United States Code, is amended--
        (1) in paragraph (2), by striking ``and'' at the end;
        (2) by redesignating paragraph (3) as paragraph (4);
        (3) by inserting after paragraph (2) the following:
        ``(3) a Federal offense involving human trafficking, sexual 
    abuse, sexual exploitation, or transportation for prostitution or 
    any illegal sexual activity; and''; and
        (4) in paragraph (4), as so redesignated, by striking ``(1) or 
    (2)'' and inserting ``(1), (2), or (3)''.
  SEC. 13. INVESTIGATING COMPLEX HUMAN TRAFFICKING NETWORKS.
    Section 2516 of title 18, United States Code, is amended--
        (1) in subsection (1)(c)--
            (A) by inserting ``section 1582 (vessels for slave trade), 
        section 1583 (enticement into slavery),'' after ``section 1581 
        (peonage),''; and
            (B) by inserting ``section 1585 (seizure, detention, 
        transportation or sale of slaves), section 1586 (service on 
        vessels in slave trade), section 1587 (possession of slaves 
        aboard vessel), section 1588 (transportation of slaves from 
        United States),'' after ``section 1584 (involuntary 
        servitude),''; and
        (2) in subsection (2)--
            (A) by striking ``kidnapping human'' and inserting 
        ``kidnapping, human''; and
            (B) by striking ``production, ,'' and inserting 
        ``production, prostitution,''.
  SEC. 14. COMBATING SEX TOURISM.
    Section 2423 of title 18, United States Code, is amended--
        (1) in subsection (b), by striking ``for the purpose'' and 
    inserting ``with a motivating purpose''; and
        (2) in subsection (d), by striking ``for the purpose of 
    engaging'' and inserting ``with a motivating purpose of engaging''.
  SEC. 15. HUMAN TRAFFICKING JUSTICE COORDINATORS.
    Section 606 of the Justice for Victims of Trafficking Act of 2015 
(34 U.S.C. 20711) is amended--
        (1) in subsection (b)(1)--
            (A) by striking subparagraph (B); and
            (B) by redesignating subparagraphs (C) and (D) as 
        subparagraphs (B) and (C), respectively; and
        (2) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(c) Human Trafficking Justice Coordinators.--The Attorney General 
shall designate in each Federal judicial district not less than 1 
assistant United States attorney to serve as the Human Trafficking 
Coordinator for the district who, in addition to any other 
responsibilities, works with a human trafficking victim-witness 
specialist and shall be responsible for--
        ``(1) implementing the National Strategy with respect to all 
    forms of human trafficking, including labor trafficking and sex 
    trafficking;
        ``(2) prosecuting, or assisting in the prosecution of, human 
    trafficking cases;
        ``(3) conducting public outreach and awareness activities 
    relating to human trafficking;
        ``(4) ensuring the collection of data required to be collected 
    under clause (viii) of section 105(d)(7)(Q) of the Trafficking 
    Victims Protection Act of 2000 (22 U.S.C. 7103(d)(7)(Q)), as added 
    by section 17 of the Abolish Human Trafficking Act of 2017, is 
    sought;
        ``(5) coordinating with other Federal agencies, State, tribal, 
    and local law enforcement agencies, victim service providers, and 
    other relevant non-governmental organizations to build partnerships 
    on activities relating to human trafficking; and
        ``(6) ensuring the collection of restitution for victims is 
    sought as required to be ordered under section 1593 of title 18, 
    United States Code, and section 2429 of such title, as added by 
    section 3 of the Abolish Human Trafficking Act of 2017.
    ``(d) Department of Justice Coordinator.--Not later than 60 days 
after the date of enactment of the Abolish Human Trafficking Act of 
2017, the Attorney General shall designate an official who shall 
coordinate human trafficking efforts within the Department of Justice 
who, in addition to any other responsibilities, shall be responsible 
for--
        ``(1) coordinating, promoting, and supporting the work of the 
    Department of Justice relating to human trafficking, including 
    investigation, prosecution, training, outreach, victim support, 
    grant-making, and policy activities;
        ``(2) in consultation with survivors of human trafficking, or 
    anti-human trafficking organizations, producing and disseminating, 
    including making publicly available when appropriate, replication 
    guides and training materials for law enforcement officers, 
    prosecutors, judges, emergency responders, individuals working in 
    victim services, adult and child protective services, social 
    services, and public safety, medical personnel, mental health 
    personnel, financial services personnel, and any other individuals 
    whose work may bring them in contact with human trafficking 
    regarding how to--
            ``(A) identify signs of human trafficking;
            ``(B) conduct investigations in human trafficking cases;
            ``(C) address evidentiary issues and other legal issues; 
        and
            ``(D) appropriately assess, respond to, and interact with 
        victims and witnesses in human trafficking cases, including in 
        administrative, civil, and criminal judicial proceedings; and
        ``(3) carrying out such other duties as the Attorney General 
    determines necessary in connection with enhancing the 
    understanding, prevention, and detection of, and response to, human 
    trafficking.''.
  SEC. 16. INTERAGENCY TASK FORCE TO MONITOR AND COMBAT HUMAN 
      TRAFFICKING.
    Section 105(d)(7)(Q) of the Trafficking Victims Protection Act of 
2000 (22 U.S.C. 7103(d)(7)(Q)) is amended--
        (1) in clause (vi), by striking ``and'' at the end; and
        (2) by adding at the end the following:
                ``(viii) the number of convictions obtained under 
            chapter 77 of title 18, United States Code, aggregated 
            separately by the form of offense committed with respect to 
            the victim, including recruiting, enticing, harboring, 
            transporting, providing, obtaining, advertising, 
            maintaining, patronizing, or soliciting a human trafficking 
            victim; and''.
  SEC. 17. ADDITIONAL REPORTING ON CRIME.
    Section 237(b) of the William Wilberforce Trafficking Victims 
Protection Reauthorization Act of 2008 (28 U.S.C. 534 note) is 
amended--
        (1) in paragraph (2), by striking ``and'' at the end;
        (2) in paragraph (3), by striking the period at the end and 
    inserting a semicolon; and
        (3) by adding at the end the following:
        ``(4) incidents of assisting or promoting prostitution, child 
    labor that is a violation of law, or forced labor of an individual 
    under the age of 18 as described in paragraph (1); and
        ``(5) incidents of purchasing or soliciting commercial sex 
    acts, child labor that is a violation of law, or forced labor with 
    an individual under the age of 18 as described in paragraph (2).''.
  SEC. 18. STRENGTHENING THE NATIONAL HUMAN TRAFFICKING HOTLINE.
    (a) Reporting Requirement.--Section 105(d)(3) of the Victims of 
Trafficking and Violence Protection Act of 2000 (22 U.S.C. 7103(d)(3)) 
is amended--
        (1) by inserting ``and providing an annual report on the case 
    referrals received from the national human trafficking hotline by 
    Federal departments and agencies'' after ``international 
    trafficking''; and
        (2) by inserting ``and reporting requirements'' after ``Any 
    data collection procedures''.
    (b) Hotline Information.--Section 107(b)(1)(B)(ii) of such Act (22 
U.S.C. 7105(b)(1)(B)(ii)) is amended by adding at the end the 
following: ``The number of the national human trafficking hotline 
described in this clause shall be posted in a visible place in all 
Federal buildings.''.
  SEC. 19. ENDING GOVERNMENT PARTNERSHIPS WITH THE COMMERCIAL SEX 
      INDUSTRY.
    No Federal funds or resources may be used for the operation of, 
participation in, or partnership with any program that involves the 
provision of funding or resources to an organization that--
        (1) has the primary purpose of providing adult entertainment; 
    and
        (2) derives profits from the commercial sex trade.
  SEC. 20. UNDERSTANDING THE EFFECTS OF SEVERE FORMS OF TRAFFICKING IN 
      PERSONS.
    (a) In General.--Title VI of the Justice for Victims of Trafficking 
Act of 2015 (Public Law 114-22; 129 Stat. 258) is amended by adding at 
the end the following:
    ``SEC. 607. UNDERSTANDING THE PHYSICAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF 
      SEVERE FORMS OF TRAFFICKING IN PERSONS.
    ``(a) In General.--The National Institute of Justice and the 
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention shall jointly conduct a 
study on the short-term and long-term physical and psychological 
effects of serious harm (as that term is defined in section 1589(c)(2) 
and section 1591(e)(4) of title 18, United States Code, as amended by 
the William Wilberforce Trafficking Victims Protection Reauthorization 
Act of 2008 (Public Law 110-457; 122 Stat. 5044)) in order to determine 
the most effective types of services for individuals who are identified 
as victims of these crimes, including victims in cases that were not 
investigated or prosecuted by any law enforcement agency, and how new 
or current treatment and programming options should be tailored to 
address the unique needs and barriers associated with these victims.
    ``(b) Report.--Not later than 3 years after the date of enactment 
of the Abolish Human Trafficking Act of 2017, the National Institute of 
Justice and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention shall make 
available to the public the results, including any associated 
recommendations, of the study conducted under subsection (a).''.
    (b) Table of Contents Amendment.--The table of contents in section 
1(b) of the Justice for Victims of Trafficking Act of 2015 (Public Law 
114-22; 129 Stat. 227) is amended by inserting after the item relating 
to section 606 the following:

``Sec. 607. Understanding the physical and psychological effects of 
          severe forms of trafficking in persons.''.
  SEC. 21. COMBATING TRAFFICKING IN PERSONS.
    Section 113 of the Trafficking Victims Prevention Act of 2000 (22 
U.S.C. 7110) is amended--
        (1) in subsection (b)(2), by striking ``2014 through 2017'' and 
    inserting ``2018 through 2021''; and
        (2) in subsection (i), by striking ``2014 through 2017'' and 
    inserting ``2018 through 2021''.
  SEC. 22. GRANT ACCOUNTABILITY.
    (a) Definitions.--In this section--
        (1) the term ``covered agency'' means an agency authorized to 
    award grants under this Act;
        (2) the term ``covered grant'' means a grant authorized to be 
    awarded under this Act; and
        (3) the term ``covered official'' means the head of a covered 
    agency.
    (b) Accountability.--All covered grants shall be subject to the 
following accountability provisions:
        (1) Audit requirement.--
            (A) Definition.--In this paragraph, the term ``unresolved 
        audit finding'' means a finding in the final audit report of 
        the Inspector General of a covered agency that the audited 
        grantee has utilized funds under a covered grant for an 
        unauthorized expenditure or otherwise unallowable cost that is 
        not closed or resolved within 12 months from the date when the 
        final audit report is issued.
            (B) Audits.--Beginning in the first fiscal year beginning 
        after the date of enactment of this Act, and in each fiscal 
        year thereafter, the Inspector General of a covered agency 
        shall conduct audits of recipients of covered grants to prevent 
        waste, fraud, and abuse of funds by grantees. The Inspector 
        General shall determine the appropriate number of grantees to 
        be audited each year.
            (C) Mandatory exclusion.--A recipient of funds under a 
        covered grant that is found to have an unresolved audit finding 
        shall not be eligible to receive funds under a covered grant 
        during the first 2 fiscal years beginning after the end of the 
        12-month period described in subparagraph (A).
            (D) Priority.--In awarding covered grants, a covered 
        official shall give priority to eligible applicants that did 
        not have an unresolved audit finding during the 3 fiscal years 
        before submitting an application for the covered grant.
            (E) Reimbursement.--If an entity is awarded funds under a 
        covered grant during the 2-fiscal-year period during which the 
        entity is barred from receiving covered grants under 
        subparagraph (C), a covered official shall--
                (i) deposit an amount equal to the amount of the grant 
            funds that were improperly awarded to the grantee into the 
            General Fund of the Treasury; and
                (ii) seek to recoup the costs of the repayment to the 
            fund from the recipient of the covered grant that was 
            erroneously awarded grant funds.
        (2) Nonprofit organization requirements.--
            (A) Definition.--For purposes of this paragraph and each 
        covered grant program, the term ``nonprofit organization'' 
        means an organization that is described in section 501(c)(3) of 
        the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 and is exempt from taxation 
        under section 501(a) of such Code.
            (B) Prohibition.--A covered grant may not be awarded to a 
        nonprofit organization that holds money in offshore accounts 
        for the purpose of avoiding paying the tax described in section 
        511(a) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986.
            (C) Disclosure.--Each nonprofit organization that is 
        awarded a covered grant and uses the procedures prescribed in 
        regulations to create a rebuttable presumption of 
        reasonableness for the compensation of its officers, directors, 
        trustees, and key employees, shall disclose to the applicable 
        covered official, in the application for the covered grant, the 
        process for determining such compensation, including the 
        independent persons involved in reviewing and approving such 
        compensation, the comparability data used, and contemporaneous 
        substantiation of the deliberation and decision. Upon request, 
        a covered official shall make the information disclosed under 
        this subparagraph available for public inspection.
        (3) Conference expenditures.--
            (A) Limitation.--No amounts made available to a covered 
        agency to carry out a covered grant program may be used by a 
        covered official, or by any individual or entity awarded 
        discretionary funds through a cooperative agreement under a 
        covered grant program, to host or support any expenditure for 
        conferences that uses more than $20,000 in funds made available 
        by the covered agency, unless the covered official provides 
        prior written authorization that the funds may be expended to 
        host the conference.
            (B) Written approval.--Written approval under subparagraph 
        (A) shall include a written estimate of all costs associated 
        with the conference, including the cost of all food, beverages, 
        audio-visual equipment, honoraria for speakers, and 
        entertainment.
            (C) Report.--
                (i) Department of justice.--The Deputy Attorney General 
            shall submit an annual report to the appropriate committees 
            of Congress on all conference expenditures approved under 
            this paragraph.
                (ii) Department of health and human services.--The 
            Deputy Secretary of Health and Human Services shall submit 
            to the appropriate committees of Congress an annual report 
            on all conference expenditures approved under this 
            paragraph.
                (iii) Department of homeland security.--The Deputy 
            Secretary of Homeland Security shall submit to the 
            appropriate committees of Congress an annual report on all 
            conference expenditures approved under this paragraph.
        (4) Annual certification.--Beginning in the first fiscal year 
    beginning after the date of enactment of this Act, each covered 
    official shall submit to the appropriate committees of Congress an 
    annual certification--
            (A) indicating whether--
                (i) all audits issued by the Office of the Inspector 
            General of the applicable covered agency under paragraph 
            (1) have been completed and reviewed by the appropriate 
            official;
                (ii) all mandatory exclusions required under paragraph 
            (1)(C) have been issued; and
                (iii) all reimbursements required under paragraph 
            (1)(E) have been made; and
            (B) that includes a list of any recipients of a covered 
        grant excluded under paragraph (1) from the previous year.
    (c) Preventing Duplicative Grants.--
        (1) In general.--Before a covered official awards a covered 
    grant, the covered official shall compare potential awards under 
    the covered grant program with other covered grants awarded to 
    determine if duplicate grant awards are awarded for the same 
    purpose.
        (2) Report.--If a covered official awards duplicate covered 
    grants to the same applicant for the same purpose the covered 
    official shall submit to the appropriate committees of Congress a 
    report that includes--
            (A) a list of all duplicate covered grants awarded, 
        including the total dollar amount of any duplicate covered 
        grants awarded; and
            (B) the reason the covered official awarded the duplicate 
        covered grants.
  SEC. 23. HERO ACT IMPROVEMENTS.
    (a) In General.--Section 890A of the Homeland Security Act of 2002 
(6 U.S.C. 473) is amended--
        (1) in subsection (a)--
            (A) in paragraph (1), by inserting ``Homeland Security 
        Investigations,'' after ``Customs Enforcement,''; and
            (B) by striking paragraph (2) and inserting the following:
        ``(2) Purpose.--The Center shall provide investigative 
    assistance, training, and equipment to support domestic and 
    international investigations of cyber-related crimes by the 
    Department.'';
        (2) in subsection (b)--
            (A) in paragraph (2)(C), by inserting after ``personnel'' 
        the following: ``, which shall include participating in 
        training for Homeland Security Investigations personnel 
        conducted by Internet Crimes Against Children Task Forces''; 
        and
            (B) in paragraph (3)--
                (i) in subparagraph (B)--

                    (I) in the matter preceding clause (i), by 
                inserting ``in child exploitation investigations'' 
                after ``Enforcement''; and
                    (II) in clause (i), by inserting ``child'' before 
                ``victims'';

                (ii) in subparagraph (C), by inserting ``child 
            exploitation'' after ``number of''; and
                (iii) in subparagraph (D), by inserting ``child 
            exploitation'' after ``number of''; and
        (3) in subsection (c)(2)--
            (A) in subparagraph (A), in the matter preceding clause 
        (i), by inserting ``and administer the Digital Forensics and 
        Document and Media Exploitation program'' after ``forensics'';
            (B) in subparagraph (C), by inserting ``and emerging 
        technologies'' after ``forensics''; and
            (C) in subparagraph (D), by striking ``and the National 
        Association to Protect Children'' and inserting ``, the 
        National Association to Protect Children, and other 
        governmental entities''.
    (b) HERO Child-Rescue Corps.--Section 890A of the Homeland Security 
Act of 2002 (6 U.S.C. 473) is amended--
        (1) by redesignating subsection (e) as subsection (g);
        (2) by inserting after subsection (d) the following:
    ``(e) HERO Child-Rescue Corps.--
        ``(1) Establishment.--
            ``(A) In general.--There is established within the Center a 
        Human Exploitation Rescue Operation Child-Rescue Corps Program 
        (referred to in this section as the `HERO Child-Rescue Corps 
        Program'), which shall be a Department-wide program, in 
        collaboration with the Department of Defense and the National 
        Association to Protect Children.
            ``(B) Private sector collaboration.--As part of the HERO 
        Child-Rescue Corps Program, the National Association to Protect 
        Children shall provide logistical support for program 
        participants.
        ``(2) Purpose.--The purpose of the HERO Child-Rescue Corps 
    Program shall be to recruit, train, equip, and employ members of 
    the Armed Forces on active duty and wounded, ill, and injured 
    veterans to combat and prevent child exploitation, including in 
    investigative, intelligence, analyst, inspection, and forensic 
    positions or any other positions determined appropriate by the 
    employing agency.
        ``(3) Functions.--The HERO Child-Rescue Program shall--
            ``(A) provide, recruit, train, and equip participants of 
        the Program in the areas of digital forensics, investigation, 
        analysis, intelligence, and victim identification, as 
        determined by the Center and the needs of the Department; and
            ``(B) ensure that during the internship period, 
        participants of the Program are assigned to investigate and 
        analyze--
                ``(i) child exploitation;
                ``(ii) child pornography;
                ``(iii) unidentified child victims;
                ``(iv) human trafficking;
                ``(v) traveling child sex offenders; and
                ``(vi) forced child labor, including the sexual 
            exploitation of minors.
    ``(f) Paid Internship and Hiring Program.--
        ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall establish a paid 
    internship and hiring program for the purpose of placing 
    participants of the HERO Child-Rescue Corps Program (in this 
    subsection referred to as `participants') into paid internship 
    positions, for the subsequent appointment of the participants to 
    permanent positions, as described in the guidelines promulgated 
    under paragraph (3).
        ``(2) Internship positions.--Under the paid internship and 
    hiring program required to be established under paragraph (1), the 
    Secretary shall assign or detail participants to positions within 
    United States Immigration and Customs Enforcement or any other 
    Federal agency in accordance with the guidelines promulgated under 
    paragraph (3).
        ``(3) Placement.--
            ``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall promulgate 
        guidelines for assigning or detailing participants to positions 
        within United States Immigration and Customs Enforcement and 
        other Federal agencies, which shall include requirements for 
        internship duties and agreements regarding the subsequent 
        appointment of the participants to permanent positions.
            ``(B) Preference.--The Secretary shall give a preference to 
        Homeland Security Investigations in assignments or details 
        under the guidelines promulgated under subparagraph (A).
        ``(4) Term of internship.--An appointment to an internship 
    position under this subsection shall be for a term not to exceed 12 
    months.
        ``(5) Rate and term of pay.--After completion of initial group 
    training and upon beginning work at an assigned office, a 
    participant appointed to an internship position under this 
    subsection who is not receiving monthly basic pay as a member of 
    the Armed Forces on active duty shall receive compensation at a 
    rate that is--
            ``(A) not less than the minimum rate of basic pay payable 
        for a position at level GS-5 of the General Schedule; and
            ``(B) not more than the maximum rate of basic pay payable 
        for a position at level GS-7 of the General Schedule.
        ``(6) Eligibility.--In establishing the paid internship and 
    hiring program required under paragraph (1), the Secretary shall 
    ensure that the eligibility requirements for participation in the 
    internship program are the same as the eligibility requirements for 
    participation in the HERO Child-Rescue Corps Program.
        ``(7) Hero corps hiring.--The Secretary shall establish within 
    Homeland Security Investigations positions, which shall be in 
    addition to any positions in existence on the date of enactment of 
    this subsection, for the hiring and permanent employment of 
    graduates of the paid internship program required to be established 
    under paragraph (1).''; and
        (3) in subsection (g), as so redesignated--
            (A) by striking ``There are authorized'' and inserting the 
        following:
        ``(1) In general.--There are authorized''; and
            (B) by adding at the end the following:
        ``(2) Allocation.--Of the amount made available pursuant to 
    paragraph (1) in each of fiscal years 2019 through 2022, not more 
    than $10,000,000 shall be used to carry out subsection (e) and not 
    less than $2,000,000 shall be used to carry out subsection (f).''.
    (c) Technical and Conforming Amendment.--Section 302 of the HERO 
Act of 2015 (Public Law 114-22; 129 Stat. 255) is amended--
        (1) by striking subsection (c); and
        (2) by redesignating subsection (d) as subsection (c).

                               Speaker of the House of Representatives.

                            Vice President of the United States and    
                                               President of the Senate.
```