IN THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT 

FOR THE EASTERN DISTRICT OF PENNSYLVANIA

 

DELAWARE VALLEY WHOLESALE :

FLORIST, INC. :

Plaintiff, :

: CIVIL ACTION

v. :

: NO. 05-309

TEN PENNIES FLORIST, INC. ET AL. :

Defendants. :

MEMORANDUM AND ORDER

Tucker, J. December 1, 2005

Presently before this Court is Plaintiff Delaware Valley Wholesale Florist, Inc.’s Motion

for Summary Judgment (Doc. 13). For the reasons set forth below, upon consideration of

Plaintiff’s Motion and Defendants’ Response (Doc. 16), this Court will grant Plaintiff’s Motion.

BACKGROUND

From the evidence of record, taken in a light most favorable to the Defendants, the

pertinent facts are as follows. Plaintiff brings this action for breach of contract, promissory

estoppel and unjust enrichment, inter alia, before this court based on diversity jurisdiction. 

For a period of time prior to 1992, Ten Pennies Florist, Ltd. (“Ltd.”) bought flowers and

related products from Delaware Valley Wholesale Florist, Inc. (“DVWF”). Ltd. agreed to pay

for the items as ordered. Defendants Gerald and Ana Catania were the sole stockholders,

directors, and officers of Ltd. (Ana Catania Dep. 32, 42-43, Sept. 27, 2005.) During 1991, Ltd.

experienced financial difficulties, and dissolved by early 1992. (Ana Catania Dep. 9.) On May

5, 1991, Mr. and Mrs. Catania signed a Personal Guaranty for the purchases from DVWF.

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(Gerald Catania Dep. 32, Sept. 21, 2005.) On or about February 10, 1992, the Catanias created

Ten Pennies Florist, Inc. (“Ten Pennies”) as the successor to Ltd. (Bruno Fiorenza Dep. 10, 28-

29, 31, Sept. 27, 2005.) Mrs. Catania has been and is the sole shareholder, president, and CEO

of Ten Pennies (Ana Catatnia Dep. 6, 11), and Mr. Catania has been and is the vice-president of

Ten Pennies (Gerald Catania Dep. 9.) Ten Pennies continued the business of Ltd., selling to the

same customers, operating out of the same location, and using the same telephone number.

(Gerald Catania Dep. 20-21.) In 1993, Ten Pennies issued checks from its checking account to

DVWF for Ltd.’s account. (Pl.’s Exh. F and Ana Catania Dep. 26-30.) 

Ultimately, the Defendants stopped paying for the flowers and related products. While

the Defendants admit that the parties have entered into contracts and one was entered into prior

to 1992, they deny that the alleged contract prior to 1992 is related to the current debt of

$161,649.28 alleged in the instant litigation. (Defs.’Ans. ¶¶ 9, 11.) Specifically, Defendants

aver that the personal guarantee is not related to any current outstanding debt, but is related to an

arrangement that preceded any current debt, and no personal guarantee exists as to any current

debt balance owed by Defendants.

The amounts charged by Plaintiff for the flowers and other products sold to Defendants

were reasonable and customary, and the Defendants agreed to pay those rates. Defendants

continued to make nominal payments of about $500 per month to Plaintiff, but at that rate

(without interest) it would take over fifteen (15) years for Defendants to pay off their account. 

Despite Plaintiff’s demand for full payment, Defendants have failed to pay.

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LEGAL STANDARD

Summary judgment is appropriate “if the pleadings, depositions, answers to

interrogatories, and admissions on file, together with affidavits, if any, show that there is no

genuine issue as to any material fact and that the moving party is entitled to judgment as a matter

of law.” FED. R. CIV. P. 56(c). An issue is “genuine” if the evidence is such that a reasonable

jury could return a verdict for the non-moving party. Anderson v. Liberty Lobby, Inc., 477 U.S.

242 (1986). A factual dispute is “material” if it might affect the outcome of the case under

governing law. Id.

A party seeking summary judgment always bears the initial responsibility for informing

the district court of the basis of its motion and identifying those portions of the record that it

believes demonstrate the absence of a genuine issue of material fact. Celotex Corp. v. Catrett,

477 U.S. 317, 322 (1986). Where the non-moving party bears the burden of proof on a particular

issue at trial, the movant’s initial Celotex burden can be met simply by “pointing out to the

district court that there is an absence of evidence to support the non-moving party’s case.” Id. at

325. After the moving party has met its initial burden, “the adverse party’s response, by

affidavits or otherwise as provided in this rule, must set forth specific facts showing that there is

a genuine issue for trial.” FED. R. CIV. P. 56(e). That is, summary judgment is appropriate if the

non-moving party fails to rebut by making a factual showing “sufficient to establish the

existence of an element essential to that party’s case, and on which that party will bear the

burden of proof at trial.” Celotex, 477 U.S. at 322. “[I]f the opponent [of summary judgment]

has exceeded the ‘mere scintilla’ [of evidence] threshold and has offered a genuine issue of

material fact, then the court cannot credit the movant’s version of events against opponent, even

if the quality of the movant’s evidence far outweighs that of its opponent.” Big Apple BMW,

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Inc. v. BMW of N. Am., Inc., 974 F.2d 1358, 1363 (3d Cir. 1992). Under Rule 56, the Court

must view the evidence presented on the motion in the light most favorable to the opposing

party. Anderson, 477 U.S. at 255.

DISCUSSION

Plaintiff asks this Court to grant summary judgment in its favor because (1) the Catania’s

signed the Personal Guaranty; (2) Defendants did not inform DVWF of the change in form of

entity of Ten Pennies, if at all, until after the fact; (3) the ownership, business, location and

telephone number of Ten Pennies have remained the same; (4) Defendants never revoked the

Personal Guaranty, if ever, until years after the underlying debt was incurred; and (5) Defendants

admit ordering, receiving and agreeing to the prices charged for all of the flowers and other

products which are the subject of this suit. 

At its core, the matter now before the Court turns on whether there is any triable issue of

fact as to whether the Catanias entered into the Personal Guaranty with Plaintiff, and whether the

Catanias as owners of Ten Pennies intended to be bound by the terms of the contract they

entered as owners of Ltd.

Under Pennsylvania law, guaranty contracts are subject to the same rules of interpretation

as other agreements, and “the paramount goal of contract interpretation is to determine the intent

of the parties.” Garden State Tanning, Inc. v. Mitchell Mfg. Group, Inc., 273 F.3d 332, 335 (3d

Cir. 2001) (citing Meeting House Lane, Ltd. v. Melso, 628 A.2d 854, 857 (Pa. Super. Ct.

1993)). Furthermore, “a cause of action for breach of contract under Pennsylvania law has three

elements: ‘(1) the existence of a contract, including its essential terms, (2) a breach of duty

imposed by the contract, and (3) resultant damages.’” Gazarov v. Diocese of Erie, 80 Fed. Appx.

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The Personal Guaranty provides in relevant part:

1. Guaranty.

By signing this Guaranty, you guarantee that every debt the Borrower owes DVWF now, or may

owe DVWF in the future, will be paid when it is due, no matter what may happen. This means

that DVWF can demand payment from you if the Borrower fails to pay what the Borrower owes

DVWF.

2. Obligations Guaranteed.

This guaranty covers every kind of debt. It covers credit DVWF extends to the Borrower, interest

on all the Borrower’s debts to DVWF, and all other obligations that Borrower owes to DVWF . . . .

3. Continuing Effect.

This Guaranty will continue to be in effect until DVWF has received from you a written notice

canceling the Guaranty. A notice of cancellation will not affect your liability for any Obligation

that the Borrower already owes DVW F at that time. The notice of cancellation must be addressed

to DVWF at the above address.

. . . .

8. Other Sources of Payment.

DVWF can demand payment from you without first seeking payment from the Borrower or any

other Guarantor.

. . . .

11. Collection Costs.

If DVWF sues you to collect the Obligations under this Guaranty, you will also pay all court costs,

attorney’s fees and collection costs allowed by law.

(Pl.’s Exh. A.)

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202, 206 (3d Cir. 2003) (non-precedential) (quoting Williams v. Nationwide Mut. Ins. Co., 750

A.2d 881, 884 (Pa. Super. Ct. 2000)). 

It is uncontested that a contract in the form of a Personal Guaranty exists between

Plaintiff and the Catanias. As to the duties imposed by the contract, Plaintiff argues, and

Defendants disagree, that the Catanias had a duty to guarantee debts to DVWF until the Catanias

notified DVWF in writing that they wished to cancel the Personal Guaranty. 1 While Plaintiff

relies on the language of the Personal Guaranty in support of its assertion, the Catanias offer no

objective evidence to support their flimsy contention that they did not intend to be bound by all

the terms of the agreement.

“Pennsylvania contract law begins with the ‘firmly settled’ point that ‘the intent of the

parties to a written contract is contained in the writing itself.’” Bohler-Uddenholm Am., Inc. v.

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Ellwood Group, Inc., 247 F.3d 79, 92 (3d Cir. 2001) (quoting Krizovensky v. Krizovensky, 624

A.2d 638, 642 (Pa. Super. Ct. 1993). And where the terms of a written contract are clear and

unambiguous, construction of the contract is a question of law for the Court. Id. at 92-93.

“Where language is clear and unambiguous, the focus of interpretation is upon the terms of the

agreement as manifestly expressed, rather than as, perhaps, silently intended. Clear contractual

terms that are capable of one reasonable interpretation must be given effect without reference to

matters outside the contract.” Id. at 93. While the law in this jurisdiction allows a court to

consider “the words of the contract, the alternative meaning suggested by counsel, and the nature

of the objective evidence to be offered in support of that meaning,” Defendants have offered no

objective evidence to support a meaning that is alternative to the clear and unambiguous

meaning of any of the terms of the Personal Guaranty that they signed.

More importantly, 

(1) mere disagreement between the parties over the meaning of a

term is insufficient to establish that term as ambiguous; (2) each

party’s proffered interpretation must be reasonable, in that there

must be evidence in the contract to support the interpretation

beyond the party’s mere claim of ambiguity; and (3) the proffered

interpretation cannot contradict the common understanding of the

disputed term or phrase when there is another term that the parties

could easily have used to convey this contradictory meaning.

Id. at 94. The Personal Guaranty in the instant case clearly defines all of the Catania’s

obligations under the agreement. To that end, the Court finds that the Personal Guaranty

imposed an uncontroverted duty on the Catania’s to guarantee the debts of Ten Pennies to

DVWF, and that the Catania’s have breached that duty to the tune of $161,649.28 in damages.

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CONCLUSION

Defendants Ana and Gerald Catania deny owing any money personally to the Plaintiff, as

they allege that they never agreed to be personally obligated to pay for the current debt. (Defs.’

Resp. 2.) The Catanias say that they believed that the May 5, 1991 document did not apply to

Ten Pennies, and that their personal obligation ended with their full and final payment on the old

balance that Ltd. had with the Plaintiff. Id. 

However, the Catania’s have simply offered no factual evidence beyond their bare,

unsubstantiated assertions to rebut Plaintiff’s contention or genuinely dispute any issue of

material fact upon which reasonable people might disagree as to whether the Catania’s remain

personally liable to Plaintiffs for the current debt. The Catanias have neither argued nor

proffered evidence that they provided written notice of cancellation of the Guaranty as required

by the agreement. Rather they have attempted to argue here, again offering no objective

evidence, that they should not be bound by the Personal Guaranty that provides for its continuing

effect, clearly and on its face, because there allegedly was no meeting of the minds between the

Catanias and DVWF as to when the Guaranty would terminate. (Defs.’ Resp. 3.)

Defendants admit that Ten Pennies owes the Plaintiff a new debt in the amount presented

in Plaintiff’s Complaint, and states further that Ten Pennies has never denied this from the

inception of the litigation. (Defs.’ Resp. 2.) In further acknowledgment of its debt, Ten Pennies

states that it has made regular and consistent payments on that debt. 

For the foregoing reasons, this Court will grant Plaintiffs’ Motion for Summary

Judgment. An appropriate Order follows.

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