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Prepared by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL)

NREL is a national laboratory of the U.S. Department of Energy

Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy

NREL is operated by the Alliance for Sustainable Energy, LLC

DOE/GO-102010-XXXX • October 2010

Printed with a renewable-source ink on paper containing at least 50% 

wastepaper, including 10% post consumer waste.
This manuscript is a draft copy for public review only, not for citation.
 

Cover photo credit: National Renewable Energy Laboratory 
This manuscript is a draft copy for public review only, not for citation.

Cover photo credit: National Renewable Energy Laboratory
                               

                               

                          

                                     

                           

                    

                         

                             

                           

                           

                         

             

                     

                             

                       

                 

                         

                             

                               

                             

                       

                       

       

                       

                           

                   

                         

                            

                           

                      

                           

                            

                           

                          

                         

                     

   

                 

                         

          

Introduction 

On October 19, 2009, Vice President Biden unveiled the Recovery Through Retrofit report that builds on

the foundation laid in the 2009 Recovery Act to expand clean energy job opportunities and boost

homeowner energy savings by making residential buildings more energy efficient. The report identified

the lack of a skilled workforce as one of three key barriers to scaling up the residential energy efficiency

retrofit market. To address this barrier, the report recommended establishing a uniform suite of

voluntary national standards, or “guidelines,” for worker training and certification.

The Recovery Through Retrofit Workforce Working Group, which includes the U.S. Department of

Energy (DOE), the U.S. Department of Labor, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), the U.S.

Department of Education, the U.S. Small Business Administration, and the U.S. Department of Health

and Human Services, then detailed the four interrelated components of the Workforce Guidelines for

Home Energy Upgrades: Job Task Analyses; Essential Knowledge, Skills, and Abilities; Standard Work

Specifications; and a Technical Standards Reference Guide.

The Workforce Guidelines for Home Energy Upgrades also has its origins in the Weatherization

Assistance Program Training and Technical Assistance (WAP T&TA) Plan. The T&TA Plan seeks to ensure

that Recovery Act investments help lay a permanent foundation for a stronger Weatherization

Assistance Program. This foundation will support enduring employment opportunities for

weatherization workers hired to support the Recovery Act ramp‐up, workers who are currently

underemployed or dislocated and seeking new prospects, and workers who have relevant skills and are

looking for an entry point into this exciting and rapidly expanding industry. To support these objectives,

the WAP T&TA Plan calls for a voluntary national framework for worker certification and training

program accreditation, a framework contingent on the development of Workforce Guidelines for Home

Energy Upgrades that is recognized by both the national Weatherization Network and broader home

energy efficiency retrofit industry.

The DOE National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) led the development of the Workforce

Guidelines for Home Energy Upgrades in a process that involved a historic collaboration between

Weatherization Assistance Program technicians and trainers, home performance contractors, building

scientists, organized labor, healthy homes professionals and other technical experts in the building

trades and throughout the retrofit industry. The guidelines build upon the considerable but incomplete

body of material already in circulation, and the cumulative knowledge gathered throughout the nation’s

30‐year history of the performing energy efficiency retrofits of residential homes.

In addition to the involvement of energy efficiency retrofit professionals, the guidelines underwent a

thorough review by healthy homes and worker safety experts. Staffs from the EPA, the Occupational

Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), and the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health

participated in writing and reviewing the guidelines to include worker and homeowner safety.

This document includes the following components for the four most common weatherization and

energy efficiency retrofit job classifications: Energy Auditor, Retrofit Installer/Technician, Crew Leader,

and Inspector/Quality Assurance Professional.

	 Standard Work Specifications define the performance requirements for high quality energy

efficiency retrofit work and the minimum conditions necessary to achieve the desired outcomes

of a given retrofit measure.

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	 Technical standards encompass standards, regulations and codes developed by government,

industry or third‐party standards development organizations— such as OSHA, the EPA, the

American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air‐Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE), ASTM

International, and the Building Performance Institute—and define the safety, materials,

installation, and application standards relevant to residential building energy efficiency retrofits.

 Job Task Analyses identify and catalog all of the tasks a given worker typically performs when

completing a suite of energy efficiency improvements in a home.

 Essential KSAs identify the minimum knowledge, skills, and abilities that a skilled worker should

possess to perform high quality energy efficiency retrofit work.

Once finalized, the Workforce Guidelines for Home Energy Upgrades will:

1. Enable the Weatherization Assistance Program and residential retrofit program administrators

nationwide to strengthen their field guides and other work manuals by incorporating the high quality

Standard Work Specifications contained in the guidelines.

2. Assist training providers in developing academic and job training course content and curricula

consistent with an industry recognized suite of Job Task Analyses and Knowledge, Skills, and Abilities.

3. Build confidence amongst consumers and the energy efficiency finance community that retrofit work

will be completed in a quality manner and produce the expected energy savings and health benefits.

4. Facilitate additional technical standards development by the appropriate industry group or third‐party

standards development organization.

5. Increase workforce mobility up career ladders and across career lattices by establishing a clear set of

essential Knowledge, Skills and Abilities upon which worker credentials should be based.

6. Lay the foundation for a more robust worker certification and training program accreditation

architecture.

The Standard Work Specifications for Energy Efficiency Residential Retrofits section is organized by

sections corresponding to the different systems found in residential buildings. Within each section are

subtopics and details. The details contain the critical specification that must be achieved to ensure

quality work. Throughout the standard work specifications are footnotes referring to the relevant

technical standards, which are then summarized in Appendix D.

The Job Task Analysis and Essential Knowledge Skills and Abilities section is made up of content outlines

for the four common energy efficiency retrofit job classifications. They were developed by professional

psychometricians working with experienced technicians from the Weatherization Assistance Program,

the residential energy efficiency retrofit contractor community, and organized labor. The content

outlines were generated through a Develop‐A‐Curriculum (DACUM) process and provide a detailed

inventory of the minimum knowledge, skills and abilities—both cognitive and psychomotor—that a

worker should possess to perform high quality energy efficiency retrofit work. Part two of this effort

(spring of 2011) will introduce DACUM charts for all four job descriptions, which will support curriculum

development in training programs nationwide.

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Acknowledgements 

The Workforce Guidelines for Home Energy Upgrades was developed by the NREL with the participation

of a broad cross section of industry representatives, including technicians from the Weatherization

Assistance Program, residential energy efficiency retrofit professionals, healthy homes and worker

safety experts, NREL residential building scientists, and psychometricians.

Over 156 industry representatives collaborated in the development of the Workforce Guidelines for

Home Energy Upgrades. NREL acknowledges and appreciates the efforts of these individuals who

traveled throughout the summer to attend numerous work sessions at NREL in Golden, Colorado, and

who gave their time, expertise, and experience in generous proportions. Many rescheduled vacations

and rearranged other work commitments to meet the ambitious goal of providing DOE with draft

standards for federal agency review by August 2010.

NREL also acknowledges the work performed by its subcontractors in helping to meet the accelerated

deadlines of this project. Their expert facilitation process and extensive knowledge of the residential

energy efficiency retrofit industry was critical in enlisting the help of so many accomplished key experts.

Specifically, NREL would like to thank the 33 professionals who put together the original draft of the

Standard Work Specifications which are built on the considerable material already in circulation

nationwide and the wealth of knowledge learned through 30 years of performing energy efficiency

retrofits in homes. NREL also convened 43 retrofit professionals and Weatherization Assistance Program

technical experts to review and edit the Standard Work Specifications for Energy Efficiency Residential

Retrofits section for climate specific variations, technical accuracy and health and worker safety

perspectives.

NREL also wishes to thank the 50 participants in the Job Task Analyses and Essential Knowledge, Skills,

and Abilities work session. These individuals, with the guidance of three skilled psychometricians,

identified and cataloged all of the steps a given worker typically performs when completing a suite of

energy efficiency improvements in a home, and the minimum knowledge, skills, and abilities that a

skilled worker should possess to perform high quality energy efficiency retrofit work.

Finally, NREL offers special thanks to DOE program leadership for guidance and to the White House

Council on Environmental Quality and the Vice President’s Office for vision and leadership to initiate the

project.

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The Relationship Between the U.S. Department of Energy’s Workforce Guidelines for Home

Energy Upgrades and the Environmental Protection Agency’s Healthy Indoor Environment

Protocols for Home Energy Retrofits

The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Weatherization Assistance Program and the broader

residential energy efficiency retrofit industry are experiencing significant growth as a result of

investments made through the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act and increased

societal awareness of the economic, employment, and health benefits of reducing home energy

consumption.

In support of this expansion, DOE and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) are

developing two keystone documents pertaining to quality and health considerations in

residential energy efficiency retrofits. These documents are being developed in conjunction

with one another and are complementary and mutually supportive. Both are intended to

provide a set of voluntary measures that the Weatherization Assistance Program and other

energy efficiency retrofit efforts can adopt to increase the quality of the retrofit work

performed while maintaining or improving the health and safety of the occupant.

Together, the two documents will:

	 Provide a robust and practical set of resources for retrofit contractors, trainers, and

program administrators

	 Help improve the quality of the work performed in this expanding industry

	 Promote occupant health and safety

	 Drive consumer demand for energy efficiency retrofit services.

DOE and the EPA have collaborated closely throughout the production of these two documents.

In particular, the two agencies have strived to make certain that the EPA minimum actions are

fundamentally integrated appropriately into the DOE Standard Work Specifications for Energy

Efficiency Retrofits, which form the bulk of the guidelines, so that retrofit workers following the

DOE document will inherently achieve the EPA minimum recommendations. Any

inconsistencies will be reconciled during the forthcoming public comment periods for both of

these documents. Additionally, both DOE and the EPA fully support the retrofit industry going

above and beyond the minimum actions by adopting the EPA‐recommended expanded actions,

but both agencies also understand that financial or programmatic constrains may impede this

in certain cases.

About the DOE Workforce Guidelines for Home Energy Upgrades Document

The DOE Workforce Guidelines for Home Energy Upgrades contains a comprehensive set of

standard work specifications for a wide range of energy efficiency retrofit measures. These

standard work specifications define the minimum requirements for high quality energy

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efficiency retrofit work and the proper conditions necessary to achieve the desired outcomes of

a given retrofit measure.

Once finalized, the DOE standard work specifications will enable the Weatherization Assistance

Program and other residential retrofit program administrators nationwide to strengthen their

field guides, work manuals, and other programmatic requirements for workers and contractors.

The standard work specifications should be followed by all retrofit programs aiming to build

confidence amongst consumers, program officials, the energy efficiency finance community,

and the general public that retrofit work will be of high quality and produce the expected

energy savings and health protections for the occupants.

About the EPA Healthy Indoor Environment Protocols for Home Energy Retrofits Document

The EPA Healthy Indoor Environment Protocols for Home Energy Retrofits focuses primarily on

the health and safety of the building occupants. The EPA document includes recommended

assessment protocols to identify indoor environmental quality issues, recommended minimum

actions, and opportunities for expanded actions to promote improved occupant health through

home energy retrofits. Each of these is described below.

	 Assessment protocols provide EPA‐recommendations for evaluating both existing

conditions of concern and the potential for additional health concerns that may arise as

a result of retrofit activities.

	 Minimum actions include actions that weatherization and home energy retrofit

contractors should take to ensure that the work they perform in a home does not

introduce new health concerns or make existing conditions worse. These actions often

reference existing technical and safety standards.

	 Expanded actions include recommended indoor environment improvements that can

be made during many home energy retrofit projects. These actions are usually low‐cost,

simple improvements that can be performed by home energy retrofit workers with

proper training and sufficient resources.

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Disclaimer Regarding the Use of the Workforce Guidelines for Home Energy

Upgrades as Tools for Employment Selection

If the Workforce Guidelines for Home Energy Upgrades are used with respect to actual

employment decisions, they must be used in compliance with the federal equal employment

opportunity laws, enforced by the U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC).

If the National Guidelines are used as tools for employment selection, their use would violate

the federal anti‐discrimination laws if an employer intentionally uses them to discriminate

based on race, color, sex, national origin, religion, disability, or age. (See

http://www.eeoc.gov/policy/docs/factemployment_procedures.html)

Moreover, neutral use of employment selection procedures can violate the federal anti‐

discrimination laws if they have the effect of disproportionately excluding people in a particular

group by race, sex, or another covered basis, unless the employer can show that the selection

procedure is job related and consistent with business necessity. An employer can meet this

standard by showing that the selection procedure is necessary to the safe and efficient

performance of the job, in other words, associated with the particular knowledge, skills, and

abilities needed to perform the job successfully, as opposed to simply a general measurement

of skills.

Under Title I of the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA), it is unlawful to fail to make

reasonable accommodations to the known physical or mental limitations of an applicant or

employee who is an individual with a disability who is qualified for the position, unless such

accommodation would impose an undue hardship. See 42 U.S.C. § 12112(b)(5).

For more information on prohibited employment practices and policies, please visit

http://www.eeoc.gov/laws/practices/index.cfm

For more information on the U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, please visit their

homepage at: http://www.eeoc.gov/

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CONTENTS AT A GLANCE 

PART I : 1 - 564
 

STANDARD WORK SPECIFICATIONS FOR ENERGY
 

EFFICIENCY RESIDENTIAL RETROFITS
 

PART II: 565 - 620
 

JOB TASK ANALYSIS OUTLINES
 

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CONTENTS AT A GLANCE 

PART I : 1 - 564 

OVERALL TABLE OF CONTENTS 2 

SECTION 1: HOME PERFOMANCE ASSESSMENT 13 

SECTION 2: COMBUSTION APPLIANCES 32 

SECTION 3: VENTILATION 53 

SECTION 4: AIR SEALING 114 

SECTION 5: HEATING AND COOLING 172 

SECTION 6: INSULATION 256 

SECTION 7: CRAWL SPACES AND BASEMENTS 320 

SECTION 8: BASELOAD 371 

GLOSSARY 430 

APPENDIX D 435 

PART II: 565 - 620
 

ENERGY AUDITOR 566 

CREW LEADER 587 

RETROFIT INSTALLER / TECHNICIAN 592 

QUALITY CONTROL INSPECTOR 610 

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PART I : 1 - 56

STANDARD WORK SPECIFICATIONS FOR ENERGY 

EFFICIENCY RESIDENTIAL RETROFITS 

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Overall Table of Contents: 

SECTION 1: HOME PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT 

Assessment 

1) Essential Home Assessment Components 

Appendix A 

Home Assessment Guidelines 

Industry Home Assessment Standards 

Industry Home Assessment Comparison Table 

SECTION 2: COMBUSTION APPLIANCES 

Health and Safety 

Safe Work Practices: 

1) Combustion Worker Safety 

Combustion Appliance Zone (CAZ) Testing: 

2) Depressurization Test
 

3) Spillage Test
 

4) Draft Test
 

5) Carbon Monoxide Test
 

6) Gas Leak Detection
 

Combustion Appliances 

Unvented Space Heaters: 

7) Propane, Natural Gas and Kerosene Heaters 

Vented Gas Appliances: 

8) Combustion Air for Atmospherically Vented Appliances 

9) Combustion Flue Gas – Orphaned Water Heater 

10) Draft Regulation – Category I Appliance 

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Safety Devices: 

11) Smoke Detector
 

12) Carbon Monoxide Detector or Monitor
 

Appendix B 

Combustion Appliance Zone (CAZ) Depressurization Limits Table 

SECTION 3: VENTILATION 

Health and Safety 

Safe Work Practices: 

1) Ventilation Worker Safety 

Exhaust 

Components: 

2) Ducts
 

3) Terminations
 

4) Exhaust Grille Location
 

Fans: 

5) Surface Mounted Ducted
 

6) Inline
 

7) Direct Vent
 

8) Multi-Port System
 

9) Garage Exhaust Fan
 

Appliance Exhaust Vents: 

10) Clothes Dryer
 

11) Kitchen Range
 

Special Considerations: 

12) Regional Considerations 

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Supply 

Components: 

13) Supply Register Location
 

14) Intakes
 

15) Ducts for Supply
 

16) Intake to Forced Air System
 

Fans: 

17) Inline or Multi-Port 

Special Considerations: 

18) Regional Considerations 

Whole House Ventilation: 

Air Flow Requirements: 

19) Installed System Air Flow
 

20) Primary Ventilation Air Flow Between Rooms
 

Other Components: 

21) Controls 

22) Heat Recovery Ventilation (HRV) and Energy Recovery Ventilator (ERV) Installation 

Dehumidifiers: 

23) Stand Alone 

24) Ventilator 

Special Considerations: 

25) Regional Considerations
 

26) Hot and Humid Climate Impact
 

27) Sound Rating Limits
 

Appendix C: 

Supplemental Ventilation Information 

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SECTION 4: AIR SEALING 

Safe Work Practices: 

1) Air Sealing Worker Safety
 

2) Air Sealing Moisture Precautions
 

3) Radon
 

Attic Sealing 

Penetrations and Chases: 

4) Penetrations
 

5) Chase Sealing
 

6) Chase Capping
 

7) Pocket Door
 

Open Stairwells: 

8) Interior with Sloped Ceiling 

9) Stairwell to Attic - Door at Bottom with No Ceiling Above 

10) Stairwell to Attic - Door at Top with Finished Ceiling Above 

Dropped Ceilings and Soffits: 

11) Raised Top-Plate with Walls Open to Attic 

12) New Ceiling Below Original - Old Ceiling Intact or Repairable 

13) Above Closets and Tubs 

14) Ceiling Leaks Not Repairable – No Air Barrier Above 

15) 3-D Walls 

16) Dropped Ceiling with Light Boxes and Fixtures 

17) Dropped Soffits 

Other Ceiling Types: 

18) Tongue and Groove Ceilings
 

19) Cathedralized Attic Ceilings
 

Considerations: 

20) Regional Considerations 

Garage Sealing 

Garage Openings: 

21) Penetrations, Cracks and Doors between Garage and House 

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Window and Door Sealing 

Maintenance and Repair: 

22) Double-Hung Wood Windows
 

23) Single-Unit Window and Fixed Frame with Wood Sash
 

24) Exterior Doors
 

Cracked and Broken Glass: 

25) Fixed Frame with Wood Sash — Older House 

26) Single-Unit Window, Mounted on Rough Opening — Newer House 

Replacement: 

27) Fixed Frame with Wood Sash — Older House 

28) Single-Unit Window, Mounted on Rough Opening — Newer House 

SECTION 5: HEATING AND COOLING 

Health and Safety 

Safe Work Practices: 

1) Heating and Cooling Worker Safety 

Forced Air 

Design: 

2) Load Calculation and Equipment Selection
 

3) Ductwork and Termination Design
 

Equipment Installation: 

4) Preparation for New Equipment 

5) Fuel Delivery System for Fuel Oil 

6) Fuel Delivery System for Natural Gas and Propane 

7) Setting of Air Handler 

8) Duct System 

9) Heating and Cooling Controls 

10) Venting System 

11) Condensate Drainage of Heating and Air Conditioning Equipment 

12) Regional Considerations 

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Commissioning of Equipment: 

13) Leak Detection 

14) Data Plate Verification 

15) Venting System 

16) Combustion Analysis 

17) Air Flow 

18) Electrical Service 

19) Refrigerant Line Inspection 

20) Sequence of Operation 

21) Occupant Education 

22) Evaporative Cooler Maintenance and Repairs 

23) Regional Considerations 

Ducts 

Duct Sealing: 

24) Preparation and Mechanical Fastening 

25) Support 

26) Sealing System 

27) Proprietary Spray Application 

28) Sealing System Components 

29) Return – Framed Platform 

30) Dual Cooling Up Ducts 

31) Removing Supply Vents From Garages 

Duct Insulation: 

32) Insulating Flex Ducts 

33) Insulating Metal Ducts 

Hydronic Heating 

Design: 

34) Heat Load Calculation – Whole House 

35) Space Load Calculation – Heat Emitter Sizing 

Equipment: 

36) Boiler – Pressure Relief Safety Valve
 

37) Boiler Replacement – Gas and Oil
 

38) Controls – Thermostat Replacement
 

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Maintenance: 

39) Gas Boiler – Annual Service
 

40) Checklist
 

SECTION 6: INSULATION 

Health and Safety 

Safe Work Practices: 

1) Insulation Worker Safety 

Attic 

Preparation: 

2) Non-Insulation Contact (IC) Recessed Light 

3) Knob and Tube Wiring 

4) Fireplace Chimney and Combustion Flue Vents 

5) Vented Eave or Soffit Baffles 

6) Dense Pack Preparation 

Attic Ceilings: 

7) Loose Fill Over Pitched Ceilings 

8) Dense Pack Over Pitched Ceilings 

9) Unvented Flat Roof with Existing Insulation 

10) Dense Pack Cape Cod Side Attic Roof 

Knee Walls: 

11) Preparation for Dense Packing
 

12) Preparation for Batt Insulation
 

13) Strapping for Existing Insulation
 

14) Knee Wall without Framing
 

Accessible Attic Floors: 

15) Batt Installation
 

16) Loose Fill Installation
 

17) Loose Fill Over Existing Insulation
 

18) Batt Insulation Over Existing Insulation 

Enclosed Attic Floors: 

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19) Dense Pack Installation – Bonus Room Floor
 

20) Dense Pack Installation – Attic Storage Platform
 

Attic Openings: 

21) Pull Down Stairs
 

22) Access Doors and Hatches
 

23) Whole-House Fan
 

Attics General: 

24) Ventilation
 

25) Radiant Barrier
 

26) Skylights
 

27) Parapet Walls
 

Exterior Walls 

Preparation: 

28) Exterior Dense Pack 

Accessible Exterior Walls: 

29) Open Wall Insulation 

Enclosed Exterior Walls: 

30) Dense Pack Exterior Walls
 

31) Additional Exterior Wall Cavities
 

Floors 

Accessible Floors: 

32) Batt Installation Floor System 

33) Loose Fill Floor System with Netting 

34) Loose Fill Floor System with Rigid Barrier 

35) Batt Installation Cantilevered Floor 

36) Pier house subfloor insulation – Batt installation with rigid barrier 

37) Pier house subfloor insulation – loose fill with rigid barrier 

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SECTION 7: CRAWL SPACES AND BASEMENTS 

Health and Safety 

Safe Work Practices: 

1) Crawl Space and Basement Worker Safety 

2) Combustion Safety 

3) Material Selection, Labeling and Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) 

Separation of Basements and Crawl Spaces: 

4) Basements Connected to Crawl Spaces 

Crawl Space Health and Safety: 

5) Radon 

6) Access 

7) Crawl Space Information Sign 

8) Occupant Education 

9) Return and Supply Plenums 

10) Warranty and Service Agreement 

Basement Health and Safety: 

11) Knob and Tube Wiring 

Crawl Spaces 

Site Preparation: 

12) Pre-Work Qualifications
 

13) Debris Removal
 

14) Drainage
 

15) Preliminary Dehumidification
 

16) Negative Pressure Contamination Control
 

17) Sealing Floor Penetrations
 

18) Regional Considerations
 

Vented Crawl Spaces: 

19) Ground Moisture Barrier 

20) Venting 

Closed Crawl Spaces: 

21) Skirting on Post and Pier Foundations
 

22) Air Sealing the Foundation Vents
 

23) Air Sealing the Exterior Wall 

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24) Air Sealing Brick Curtain Wall with Piers
 

25) Vapor Retarders on Walls
 

26) Attached Crawl Spaces Under Unconditioned Spaces
 

27) Wall Insulation
 

28) Ground Moisture Barrier
 

29) Crawl Space Conditioning
 

30) Regional Considerations
 

Basements 

Insulation and Conditioning: 

31) Basement Wall Insulation –No Ground Water Leakage
 

32) Basement Wall Insulation –Ground Water Leakage
 

33) Dehumidification
 

SECTION 8: BASELOAD 

Health and Safety 

Safe Work Practices: 

1) Baseload Worker Safety 

Baseload 

Plug Load: 

2) Refrigerator and Freezer Replacement 

3) Cleaning and Tuning Existing Refrigerators and Freezers 

4) Entertainment and Computer Systems and Components Replacement 

5) Lighting 

6) Washing Machine 

7) Clothes Dryer Replacement 

8) Dehumidifiers 

9) Removal of Electrically Heated Waterbed Mattress 

10) Regional Considerations 

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Water Heating 

Energy Use: 

11) Water Heater Selection 

12) Shower Head and Faucet Aerator 

Installation and Replacement: 

13) Storage Type Appliance 

14) On Demand Appliance 

15) Regional Considerations 

Routine Maintenance: 

16) Storage Type Appliance 

17) On Demand Appliance 

Shading: 

Landscaping: 

18) Indigenous Shading 

GLOSSARY 

APPENDIX D 

Referenced Standards 

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SECTION 1: HOME PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT 

Table of Contents 

Comprehensive Assessment: 

Assessment 

1) Essential Home Assessment Components 

Appendix A 

Home Assessment Guidelines 

Industry Home Assessment Standards 

Industry Home Assessment Comparison Table 

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Topic: Comprehensive Assessment 

Subtopic: Assessment 

1)	 Detail Name: Essential Home Assessment Components* 

Desired Outcome: 

•	 Every home assessed for improvement opportunities in required areas (health, 

safety, durability, environmental impact) and in requested areas (comfort, 

energy cost payback analysis) will offer the primary occupant clear instruction on 

suggested improvements 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Health 

All homes will be assessed for 

health hazards, including all 

areas identified in the Home 

Performance Assessment Input 

Table* 

Combustion testing will be 

conducted in accordance with 

the Building Performance 

Institute (BPI) protocol or other 

equivalent protocol 

Discover home related issues 

that could pose health hazards 

Identify opportunities for 

improvement 

2 Safety 

All homes will be assessed for 

safety hazards, including all 

areas identified in the Home 

Performance Assessment Input 

Table (e.g., electrical, 

structural, confined spaces) 

Discover home related issues 

that could pose a safety hazard 

Identify opportunities for 

improvement 

3 Durability 

All homes will be assessed for 

condition issues, including all 

areas identified in the Home 

Performance Input Table (e.g., 

corrosion, decay, UV, wood rot) 

Discover home conditions that 

could pose a risk to durability 

Identify opportunities for 

improvement 

4 Comfort 

Occupants will be given the 

opportunity to identify whether 

improved comfort is a goal for 

the assessment 

Upon occupant request, the 

home will be assessed for 

comfort improvement 

Discover home conditions that 

could interfere with comfort 

Identify opportunities for 

improvement 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 14
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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opportunities, including all 

areas identified in the Home 

Performance Input Table* 

5 Energy 

Funders or occupants will be 

given the opportunity to 

identify whether energy 

reduction is a goal for the 

assessment 

Upon occupant or funder 

request, the home will be 

assessed for energy reduction 

opportunities, including all 

areas identified in the Home 

Performance Input Table 

Discover energy reduction 

opportunities (whenever a 

return on investment evaluation 

is a desired outcome of the 

occupants or funders) 

A full energy reduction 

assessment using a Department 

of Energy (DOE) approved 

method or software will be 

conducted 

6 Occupant 

education 

Occupants will be educated on 

operating and managing their 

home after improvements 

Provide occupant education on 

all areas of assessment 

Increase occupant involvement 

in household operation and 

energy management that 

enhances effectiveness of 

improvements 

7 Environmental 

improvements 

All homes will be assessed for 

environmental improvement 

opportunities, including all 

areas identified in the Home 

Performance Input Table (e.g., 

water use, carbon reduction, 

recycling)* 

Discover opportunities to 

reduce environmental impact 

*For more information see Appendix A 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 15
 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

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APPENDIX A: 

Home Assessment Guidelines 

Occupant Interview 

•	 Review energy bills (if available) 

•	 Discover significant heating and cooling concerns 

•	 Indentify occupant living habits and needs 

Combustion Appliance Safety 

•	 Visually inspect units for damage or maintenance 

•	 Inspect for fuel leaks using approved methods 

•	 Inspect for clearance to combustibles 

•	 Test ambient carbon monoxide (CO) 

•	 Test for CO in undiluted flue gases 

•	 Test for CO on gas cook stoves 

•	 Conduct worst-case Combustion Appliance Zone (CAZ) testing 

•	 Identify combustion air source according to ASHRAE 62.2-2010 

•	 Inspect safety shut offs 

•	 Inspect heat exchanger condition, maintenance and efficiency 

•	 Remove or vent unvented space heaters 

Heating, Cooling and Hot Water Systems 

•	 Evaluate furnace performance and efficiency 

•	 Evaluate cooling maintenance, installation, performance and efficiency 

•	 Determine dominant duct leakage 

•	 Conduct pressure pan, duct blaster or Delta Q tests as necessary 

•	 Measure room pressure imbalances in houses with forced-air systems 

•	 Resolve room pressure imbalances 

•	 Evaluate duct performance, including filter effectiveness and duct sizing 

•	 Evaluate R-value of duct insulation 

•	 Evaluate water heater condition, performance and efficiency 

•	 Evaluate R-value of pipe insulation 

Indoor Air Quality and Ventilation 

•	 Test minimum ventilation rates and building tightness limits based on ASHRAE 62.2­

2010 

•	 Test spot ventilation to ASHRAE 62.2-2010 

Building Envelope: Air Sealing and Insulation Levels 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 16
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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•	 Determine square footage and approximate age of house 

•	 Determine R-values of wall, ceiling and floor insulation 

•	 Determine type and condition of doors 

•	 Determine type of windows: glazing type(s) and frame material(s) 

•	 Identify thermal bypasses and thermal bridges 

•	 Determine type, model number and location of heating and cooling system(s) 

•	 Determine type of ductwork, location and R-value of duct insulation and any
 

indications of previous duct sealing
 

•	 Determine type of foundation (e.g., crawl space, basement, slab) and any insulation 

•	 Conduct blower door test to determine air-leakage rate of the building enclosure 

•	 Conduct visual inspection to identify paths of air leakage 

•	 Conduct zone pressure diagnostics and interpret results 

•	 Determine the location and effectiveness of the air barrier 

Moisture Control 

•	 Identify exterior water intrusion 

•	 Indentify interior moisture sources 

•	 Indentify effects of water damage (e.g., mold, mildew, insect damage) 

•	 Evaluate condition of downspouts and flashing 

•	 Verify presence of properly applied vapor retarders 

Baseload 

•	 Inspect domestic hot water tank temperature and insulation 

•	 Evaluate major appliance performance and efficiency (especially refrigerators) 

•	 Evaluate lighting performance and efficiency 

Computer Simulation 

• Input accurate house data and determine appropriate, cost-effective retrofit measures 

Health and Safety Issues 

•	 Identify electrical hazards and notify occupant 

•	 Identify fire or structural hazards and notify occupant 

•	 Identify substance hazards (e.g., mold, lead, asbestos, radon) and notify occupant 

•	 Test vermiculite in attic for potential asbestos. 

•	 If assessor is likely to recommend heating system repairs or removal that may disturb 

potential asbestos on piping, test material to determine if asbestos is present. 

•	 If there is an attached or tuck-under garage, identify the location of air leaks from the 

garage to occupied spaces. 

•	 Identify evidence of pests (e.g., feces, urine stains, chew marks). 

•	 Determine if painted surfaces to be disturbed may contain lead-based paint (e.g., 

painted surfaces in pre-1978 homes unless testing confirms non lead-based paint). 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 17
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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•	 Test for radon. If levels exceed EPA action level of 4pCi/L, ensure energy efficiency 

retrofit work does not increase radon levels. Confirm in post-retrofit radon test. 

•	 Verify existence and operation of smoke and CO alarms 

Occupant Education 

•	 Provide occupants with a reasonable estimation of energy savings 

•	 Advise occupants on additional baseload reduction strategies 

•	 Educate occupants on additional energy reduction strategies and actions 

•	 Educate occupants on any hazards and appropriate steps to address them 

Industry Home Assessment Standards Condensed 

Combustion Appliance Safety: 

•	 Fuel leaks 

•	 Clearance to combustibles 

•	 Ambient carbon monoxide (CO) 

•	 CO in undiluted flue gases 

•	 CO on gas cook stoves 

•	 Depressurization test 

•	 Combustion air 

•	 Safety shut offs 

•	 Heat exchanger 

•	 Unvented space heaters 

•	 Inspect venting systems for damage, leaks, disconnections and other safety hazards 

•	 Spillage and draft testing 

•	 Combustion Appliance Zone (CAZ) Safety Inspection - Make sure there are no flammable 

or explosive materials near any combustion source 

Existing and Potential Moisture Problems: 

•	 Exterior water intrusion 

•	 Interior moisture sources 

•	 Condition of downspouts, flashing, etc. 

•	 Presence of properly applied vapor retarders 

Mechanical Ventilation Needs: 

•	 Flow capacity of existing mechanical ventilation 

•	 ASHRAE 62.2-2010 

•	 Verify flows of all exhaust fans (including dryer) and venting to outdoors 

•	 Note presence and operability of whole-house fans and powered-attic-ventilators and 

discuss with occupant 

•	 Note presence, location and operability of exhaust fans and determine whether they are 

vented outside 

•	 If attached garage, note whether exhaust fan is present and operable 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 18
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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•	 Electrical hazards 

•	 Fire or structural hazards 

•	 Substance hazards 

•	 Mold 

•	 Lead 

•	 Asbestos 

•	 Radon 

•	 Existence and operation of smoke and CO alarms 

•	 Connectivity between house and attached garage 

•	 Measure selection 

•	 Cost benefit analysis 

•	 Department of Energy (DOE)-approved audit 

•	 Use of consumption data to target high energy usage 

•	 Use of priority lists 

Building Shell: 

•	 Note key features of house (e.g., porch roof, multiple roof lines, cantilevers, bay 

windows, dormers, knee wall attics, attic access, house additions) 

•	 Check attic venting 

•	 Check for signs of moisture damage (e.g., stains, soft or rotted materials, damaged 

insulation) 

•	 Inspect house for renewable energy opportunities 

Air Leakage: 

•	 Blower door testing 

•	 When not to use blower door testing 

•	 Zonal pressure diagnostics 

•	 When not to seal 

•	 Prioritized sealing 

•	 Cost effective sealing guidelines 

•	 Infrared (IR) scanning 

Conductive Losses: 

•	 R-value of opaque building materials and cavities 

•	 U-factors and solar heat gain coefficients of windows 

•	 Feasibility of additional insulation 

•	 Cost effectiveness of insulation retrofits or window replacements 

•	 Cost effectiveness of shading and reflective coatings 

•	 Envelope thermal characteristics - Determining thermal boundary 

•	 Identify thermal bypasses 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 19
 

 

 

 

 

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HEATING AND COOLING EFFICIENCY 

Furnace performance and efficiency: 

•	 Cleaning 

•	 Tuning 

•	 Adjustment 

•	 Control upgrades 

Boiler performance and efficiency: 

•	 Cleaning 

•	 Tuning 

•	 Adjustment 

•	 Control upgrades 

Air-condition and heat pump performance and efficiency: 

•	 Cleaning 

•	 Tuning 

•	 Adjustment 

•	 Control upgrades 

Steam and hot water space heating distribution efficiency: 

•	 Cleaning 

•	 Tuning 

•	 Adjustment 

•	 Control upgrades 

Duct performance: 

•	 Pressure pan testing 

•	 Room pressure imbalances 

•	 Temperature rise test 

•	 Static pressure test 

•	 Duct pressurization test 

•	 Dominant duct leakage test 

•	 Duct location and R-value 

•	 Feasibility and cost effectiveness of retrofit duct insulation 

•	 Evaluation of filter effectiveness and duct sizing 

•	 Visual inspection of ducts for leaks, disconnects, crimps, signs of moisture, return leaks 

near combustion equipment, damage or other atypical conditions 

•	 Evaporative cooler maintenance, installation and performance 

•	 Heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) equipment replacement criteria and 

sizing 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 20
 

 

 

 

 

 

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Base load: 

•	 Occupant education 

•	 Domestic hot water (DHW) 

•	 Refrigerator performance 

•	 Lighting efficiency 

•	 Clothes dryer venting 

•	 Pool and spa energy consumption and conservation strategies 

•	 For all appliances greater than 10 years old, discuss benefits of replacing them with 

ENERGY STAR® qualified appliances 

DEFERRAL OF WAP SERVICES 

Miscellaneous Additions: 

•	 Interview with occupant 

•	 Provide disclosure of conflicts of interest to occupant 

•	 Inform occupants of low cost and no cost improvements that they can implement 

•	 Provide a scope of work 

•	 Advise the occupant on where to locate qualified individuals and contractors to 

complete the work on the home 

•	 Pre-work and post-work verification/test-out 

•	 Visual Inspection of HVAC and DHW 

•	 Determine number and type of t-stats 

•	 Verify system information: age, model, heat in/out, capacity, general condition and 

maintenance history 

•	 Check for evidence of backdraft, flame roll-out, blocked chimney and corroded or 

missing vent connector 

•	 If boiler, verify that pressure relief valve is present and not obstructed 

•	 If condensing unit, check the condensate line for signs of blockage or leaks 

•	 Check exhaust vent for proper fitting and termination 

•	 Check for issues around compressor or fan in yard such as air flow obstruction 

•	 Check for insulation on refrigerant line set 

•	 Inspect air filters 

•	 Verify secondary overflow pans and presence of condensation drain line or float 

disconnect switch 

•	 Note any ducts or air handlers in garages 

•	 For hydronic systems, note insulation values and opportunity for pipe insulation 

•	 For baseboards, note condition and positioning of covers, presence of dust, webs or 

other material on the fins 

•	 Note temperature setting on water heater 

•	 Signs of water leakage on DHW tank 

•	 Inspect water heater and pipes for efficiency improvements (e.g., presence or lack of 

insulation, convective loop, feasibility of retrofitting insulation on tank or pipes) 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 21
 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

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• Specifications given for a summary report to be given to the occupant (example reports 

given) 

Additions from Visual Inspection of home: 

•	 Note square footage and approximate age of house 

•	 Types of windows - glazing type and frame material 

•	 Type of foundation 

•	 Estimated age of major appliances (e.g., dishwashers, refrigerators, freezers, washing 

machines, dryers) 

•	 General Limitations: The energy use information contained in the report does not 

constitute any warranty of energy cost or savings 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 22
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

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Group Existing Standard 

HealthSafetyDurabilityComfortEnergyReductionEducationEnvironment 

Combustion 

Appliance Safety 

Combustion Appliance Safety X X 

Fuel leaks X X 

Clearance to combustibles X 

Ambient carbon monoxide (CO) X X 

CO in undiluted flue gases X X 

CO on gas cook stoves X X 

Combustion Appliance Zone (CAZ) Depressurization Test X X 

Combustion air X X 

Safety shut offs X X 

Heat exchanger X X 

Unvented space heaters X X 

Inspect venting systems for damage, leaks, 

disconnections and other safety hazards X X 

Spillage and draft testing X X 

CAZ safety inspection - Make sure there are no 

flammable or explosive materials near any combustion 

source 

X X 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 23
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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Group Existing Standard 

HealthSafetyDurabilityComfortEnergyReductionEducationEnvironment 

Existing and 

Potential 

Moisture 

Problems 

Exterior water intrusion X 

Interior moisture sources X X 

Condition of downspouts, flashing etc. X 

Presence of properly applied vapor retarders X 

Mechanical 

Ventilation 

Needs 

Flow capacity of existing mechanical ventilation X X X 

ASHRAE 62.2-2007 X X X 

Verify flows of all exhaust fans (including dryer) and 

venting to outdoors X X X 

Note presence and operability of whole-house fans and 

powered-attic-ventilators and discuss with occupant 

X 

Note presence and location of exhaust fans, and 

determine whether they are vented outdoors X 

If attached garage, note whether exhaust fan is present 

and operable X X 

Electrical hazards X 

Fire or structural hazards X 

Substance hazards X 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 24
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

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Group Existing Standard 

HealthSafetyDurabilityComfortEnergyReductionEducationEnvironment 

Mechanical 

Ventilation 

Needs 

Mold X 

Lead X 

Asbestos X 

Radon X 

Existence and operation of smoke and CO alarms X 

Connectivity between house and attached garage X 

Cost benefit analysis X 

Department of Energy (DOE)-approved method or audit X X X X X 

Use of consumption data to target high energy usage X 

Use of priority lists X 

Building Shell 

Note key features of house (e.g., porch roof, multiple 

roof lines, cantilevers, bay windows, dormers, knee wall 

attics, attic access, house additions) 

X X X 

Check attic venting X X 

Check for signs of moisture damage (e.g., stains, soft or 

rotted materials, damaged insulation) X 

Inspect house for renewable energy opportunities X 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 25
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

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Group Existing Standard 

HealthSafetyDurabilityComfortEnergyReductionEducationEnvironment 

Air 

Leakage 

Blower door testing X X X 

When not to use blower door testing X X 

Zonal pressure diagnostics X X X 

When not to seal X X 

Prioritized sealing X X X 

Cost effective sealing guidelines X Infrared (IR) scanning X X X 

Conductive 

Losses 

R-value of opaque building materials and cavities X 

U-factors and solar heat gain coefficients of windows X 

Feasibility of additional insulation X 

Cost effectiveness of insulation retrofits or window 

replacements X 

Cost effectiveness of shading and reflective coatings X 

Envelope thermal characteristics - Determining thermal 

boundary of the house 

X 

Identify thermal bypasses X 

Furnace 

Performance and 

Efficiency 

Furnace Cleaning X X 

26
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

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Group Existing Standard 

HealthSafetyDurabilityComfortEnergyReductionEducationEnvironment 

Furnace 

Performance and 

Efficiency 

(continued) 

Furnace tuning X X 

Furnace adjustment X X 

Furnace control upgrades X X 

Boiler 

Performance and 

Efficiency 

Boiler cleaning X X 

Boiler tuning X X 

Boiler adjustment X X 

Boiler control upgrades X X 

Pump 

Performance and 

Efficiency 

Air conditioning and heat pump cleaning X X 

Air conditioning and heat pump tuning X X 

Air conditioning and heat pump adjustment X X 

Air conditioning and heat pump control upgrades X X 

Steam and Hot 

Water Space 

Heating 

Distribution 

Efficiency 

Steam and water space heating cleaning X X 

Steam and water space heating tuning X X 

Steam and water space heating adjustment X X 

Steam and water space heating control upgrades X X 

Performance 

Duct Pressure pan testing X X 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 27
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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Group Existing Standard 

HealthSafetyDurabilityComfortEnergyReductionEducationEnvironment 

Duct 

Performance 

(continued) 

Room pressure imbalances X X 

Temperature rise test X X 

Static pressure test X X 

Duct pressurization test X X 

Dominant duct leakage test X X 

Duct location and R-value X X 

Feasibility and cost effectiveness of retrofit duct 

insulation X 

Evaluation of filter effectiveness and duct sizing X X 

Evaporative cooler maintenance, installation and 

performance X X X 

Heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) 

equipment replacement criteria and sizing X X X 

Baseload 

Baseload occupant education X 

Domestic hot water X 

Refrigerator performance X 

Lighting efficiency X 

Clothes dryer venting X 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 28
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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Group Existing Standard 

HealthSafetyDurabilityComfortEnergyReductionEducationEnvironment 

Baseload 

Pool and spa energy consumption and conservation 

strategies X 

For all appliances greater than 10 years old, discuss 

benefits of replacing them with ENERGY STAR® qualified 

appliances 

X 

Miscellaneous 

Additions 

Interview with occupant X 

Provide disclosure of conflicts of interest to occupant X 

Inform the occupant of low cost and no cost 

improvements they can implement X 

Provide a scope of work X 

Advise the occupant on where to locate qualified 

individuals and contractors to complete the work on the 

house 

X 

Pre-work and post-work verification/test-out X X X X 

Visual Inspection of HVAC and domestic hot water (DHW) X 

Determine number, type and location of thermostats X 

Verify system information: age, model, heat in/out, 

capacity, general condition and maintenance history X 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 29
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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Group Existing Standard 

HealthSafetyDurabilityComfortEnergyReductionEducationEnvironment 

Miscellaneous 

Additions 

(continued) 

Check for evidence of backdraft, flame roll-out, blocked 

chimney and corroded or missing vent connector X X 

If boiler, verify that pressure relief valve is present and 

not obstructed X 

If condensing unit, check the condensate line for signs of 

blockage or leaks X 

Check exhaust vent for proper fitting and termination X X 

Check for issues around compressor or fan in yard such 

as air flow obstruction X X 

Check for insulation on refrigerant line set X X 

Inspect air filters X 

Verify secondary overflow pans and presence of 

condensation drain line or float disconnect switch X 

Note any ducts or air handlers in garages X X 

For hydronic systems, note insulation values and 

opportunity for pipe insulation X 

For baseboards systems, note condition and positioning 

of covers, presence of dust, webs or other material on 

the fins 

X 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 30
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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Group Existing Standard 

HealthSafetyDurabilityComfortEnergyReductionEducationEnvironment 

Miscellaneous 

Additions 

(continued) 

Note temperature setting on water heater X X 

Signs of water leakage on DHW tank X 

Inspect water heater and pipes for efficiency 

improvements (e.g., presence or lack of insulation, 

convective loop, feasibility of retrofitting insulation on 

tank or pipes) 

X 

Specifications given for a summary report to be given to 

the occupant (example reports given) X 

Additions from 

Visual Inspection 

of House 

Note square footage and approximate age of house X 

Types of windows - glazing type and frame material X 

Type of foundation X X X 

Estimated age of major appliances (e.g., dishwashers, 

refrigerators, freezers, washing machines, dryers) X 

General limitations: The energy use information 

contained in the report does not constitute any warranty 

of energy cost or savings 

X 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 31
 

 

 

 

 

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SECTION 2: COMBUSTION APPLIANCES 

Table of Contents 

Health and Safety 

Safe Work Practices: 1 

1) Combustion Worker Safety 

Combustion Appliance Zone (CAZ) Testing: 

2) Depressurization Test
 

3) Spillage Test
 

4) Draft Test
 

5) Carbon Monoxide Test
 

6) Gas Leak Detection
 

Combustion Appliances 

Unvented Space Heaters: 

7) Propane, Natural Gas and Kerosene Heaters 

Vented Gas Appliances: 

8) Combustion Air for Atmospherically Vented Appliances
 

9) Combustion Flue Gas – Orphaned Water Heater
 

10) Draft Regulation – Category I Appliance
 

Safety Devices: 

11) Smoke Detector
 

12) Carbon Monoxide Detector or Monitor
 

Appendix B 

Combustion Appliance Zone (CAZ) Depressurization Limits Table 

1 Appendix D – OSHA Personal Protective Equipment Standards 

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Health and Safety 

Safe Work Practices: 

1) Combustion Worker Safety 

Combustion Appliance Zone (CAZ) Testing: 

2) Depressurization Test
 

3) Spillage Test
 

4) Draft Test
 

5) Carbon Monoxide Test
 

6) Gas Leak Detection
 

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Topic: Health and Safety 

Subtopic: Safe Work Practices 

1) Detail Name: Combustion Worker Safety
 

Desired Outcome:
 

• Work completed safely without injury or hazardous exposure 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Hand protection 

Durable and wrist protecting 

gloves will be worn that can 

withstand work activity 2 

Minimize skin contact with 

contaminants 

Protect hands from sharp 

objects 

2 Respiratory protection 

Respirators appropriate for the 

contaminants present will be 

worn (e.g. N-95 or equivalent 

face mask) 3 

Minimize exposure to 

airborne contaminants (e.g. 

insulation materials, mold 

spores, feces, bacteria, 

chemicals) 

3 Electrical safety 4,5 

An electrical safety assessment 

will be performed 

Extension cords used with 

portable electric tools will be of 

three-wire type 

Worn or frayed electric cords will 

not be used 

All electric tools will be 

protected by Ground-Fault 

Circuit Interrupters 6 

Metal ladders will be avoided 

Water such as condensate pans 

and electrical sources will be 

Avoid electrical shock and 

arc flash hazards 

2 OSHA Technical Manual Section VIII: Chapter 1, part III 

3 OSHA Technical Manual Section VIII: Chapter 2, section IV 4 NAHB-OSHA Jobsite Safety Handbook, Second Edition: Electrical 5 29 CFR 1926 Subpart K – Electrical 6 http://www.osha.gov/SLTC/etools/construction/electrical_incidents/gfci.html - OSHA eTool 

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kept separate 

Special precautions will be 

taken if knob and tube wiring is 

present 

For arc flash hazards, NFPA 70E 

will be consulted 

4 Protective clothing 

Eye protection will be worn at 

all times (e.g. safety glasses, 

goggles if not using full face 

respirator) 7 

Protect worker from skin 

contact with contaminants 

Minimize spread of 

contaminants 

5 Confined space safety 

8,9 

Access and egress points will be 

located before beginning work 

Inspection will be conducted 

for frayed electrical wires 

Adequate ventilation will be 

provided 

Use of toxic material will be 

reduced 

Prevent build-up of toxic or 

flammable contaminants 

Provide adequate access and 

egress 

Avoid electrical shock 

6 Power tool safety 10 

Power tools will be inspected 

and used according to 

manufacturer specifications to 

eliminate hazards associated 

with missing ground prongs, 

ungrounded circuits, misuse of 

power tools, noise and 

improper or defective cords or 

extension cords 

All devices used will be verified 

as GFI protected or double 

insulated 

Prevent power tool injuries 

7 OSHA Technical Manual Section VIII: Chapter 1, part III 

8 ASTM D4276 - 02(2007) 9 http://www.osha.gov/SLTC/confinedspaces/index.html - OSHA Confined Space Webpage 10 29 CFR 1910 Subpart P - Hand and portable powered tools and other hand-held equipment 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 35
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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7 Chemical safety 

The least toxic suitable material 

will be chosen 

Hazardous materials will be 

handled according to safety 

procedures to avoid hazards 

associated with volatile organic 

compounds (VOCs), sealants, 

insulation, dust, foams, 

asbestos, lead, mercury fibers 

and oil tank mercury 11 

Prevent exposure to toxic 

substances 

8 Ergonomic safety 12 

Proper equipment will be used 

for work 

Proper lifting techniques will be 

used 

Avoid injuries from awkward 

postures, repetitive motions 

and improper lifting 

9 Hand tool safety Hand tools will be used for 

intended purpose 13 Reduce injuries 

10 Slips, trips and falls 14 

Caution will be used around 

power cords, hoses, tarps and 

plastic sheeting 

Precautions will be taken when 

ladders are used, when working 

at heights or when balancing 

on joists 

Walk boards will be used when 

practical 

Appropriate footwear and 

clothing will be worn 

Eliminate injuries due to 

slips, trips and falls 

11 29 CFR 1910 Subpart Z - Toxic and Hazardous Substances 12 http://www.osha.gov/SLTC/ergonomics/index.html - OSHA Ergonomics Webpage 13 29 CFR 1910 Subpart P - Hand and portable powered tools and other hand-held equipment 14 29 CFR 1926 Subpart M - Fall Protection 

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11 Heat and thermal 

stress 15 

Appropriate ventilation, 

hydration, rest breaks and 

cooling equipment will be used 

Dial 911 when necessary 

Reduce heat stroke, heat 

stress and cold stress related 

injuries 

12 Prevention through 

design 

Design will be incorporated to 

eliminate or minimize hazards 

(e.g. material selection, access 

to equipment for installation 

and maintenance, placement of 

equipment, duct work and 

condensate lines) 16 

Prevent worker injuries, 

exposure to toxic substances 

and physical hazards 

15 29 CFR 1926 Subpart C - General Safety and Health Provisions 16 29 CFR 1926 Subpart C - General Safety and Health Provisions 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 37
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

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V 9.21

Topic: Health and Safety 

Subtopic: Combustion Appliance Zone (CAZ) Testing 

2)	 Detail Name: Depressurization Test 

Desired Outcome: 

•	 Combined effect of mechanical system fans on combustion zone pressure 

measured 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Duct leakage 

Furnace, heat pump and air 

conditioner fan will be on the 

high speed setting 

Account for all pressure 

change caused by dominant 

duct leakage to outside or 

inside 17 

2 Interior door closure 

Bedroom doors will be closed 

and the direction of air flow 

will be checked 

Door closure will be included 

in worst-case testing 

Account for all pressure 

change caused by door closure 

3 

Exhaust and supply 

fans smaller than 150 

cubic feet per minute 

(CFM) 

Bath, kitchen, laundry room, 

dryer, attic, crawl space and 

ventilation (exhaust and 

supply) fans will be included 

in depressurization testing 

Account for all pressure 

change caused by all exhaust 

fans, dryers and supply fans 

4 Depressurization 

limits 

The combined effect of the 

above mechanical air 

distribution fans creating the 

lowest pressure conditions 

will not exceed negative 

pressures listed in the 

Combustion Appliance Zone 

Depressurization Limits Table 

(Appendix B) 

The limits will be according to 

the venting conditions listed 

in the same table 

Reduce the occurrence of 

backdrafting, pressure induced 

flame roll-out, carbon 

monoxide production and 

prolonged spillage of flue 

gasses 18 

17 ASTM E1554 - 07 18 ASTM E1998 - 02(2007) 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 38
 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Topic: Health and Safety 

Subtopic: Combustion Appliance Zone (CAZ) Testing 

3) Detail Name: Spillage Test
 

Desired Outcome:
 

• Accurate information about spillage of combustion gasses gathered 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Spillage test 

Combustion gasses will not 

spill out of the draft diverter 

for more than 1 minute upon 

firing a furnace or water 

heater under lowest pressure 

conditions 

Detect excessive spillage of 

combustion gasses 19 

19 ASTM E1998 - 02(2007) 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 39
 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Topic: Health and Safety 

Subtopic: Combustion Appliance Zone (CAZ) Testing 

4) Detail Name: Draft Test
 

Desired Outcome:
 

• Accurate information about draft pressure gathered 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Separate vent 

Furnaces, boilers and water 

heaters will be tested for 

carbon monoxide (CO) 

production after 5 minutes of 

run time 

Reduce the occurrence of 

appliance backdrafting 20 

2 Shared vent 

Shared vent gas or oil 

furnaces, boilers and water 

heaters will be draft tested 

after 5 minutes of run time 

The lowest British thermal 

unit (Btu) appliance will be 

tested first and allowed to 

cool before testing the next 

3 Draft pressure 

All draft pressures will be 

equal to or greater than 

minimum draft pressures 

listed on the Minimal 

Acceptable Draft Pressure 

Table (Appendix B) 

Reduce the occurrence of 

appliance backdrafting at 

different outside 

temperatures 21 

20 ASTM E1998 - 02(2007) 21 ASTM E1998 - 02(2007) 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 40
 

 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Topic: Health and Safety 

Subtopic: Combustion Appliance Zone (CAZ) Testing 

5) Detail Name: Carbon Monoxide Test
 

Desired Outcome:
 

• Accurate reading of carbon monoxide (CO) production 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Furnaces, boilers and 

water heaters 

Furnaces, boilers and water 

heaters will be tested for 

carbon monoxide (CO) 

production after 5 minutes of 

run time 22 

Measure CO when the 

appliance is in steady state 

2 Stoves and ovens 

Oven will be tested for CO 

production after 5 minutes of 

run time 23 

Measure CO when the oven is 

at a steady temperature 

22 ASTM E1998 - 02(2007) 23 ASTM E1998 - 02(2007) 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 41
 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Topic: Health and Safety 

Subtopic: Combustion Appliance Zone (CAZ) Testing 

6) Detail Name: Gas Leak Detection
 

Desired Outcome:
 

• Accurate information about gas leaks gathered 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Detection 

Gas pipes and connections 

will be tested for leaks at a 

sensitivity of no less than 20 

parts per million 24 

Detected leaks will be 

confirmed with gas leak 

detection fluid 

Detect gas leaks 

Determine need for repair 

24 NFPA 54/ANSI/AGA Z223.1 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 42
 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Combustion Appliances 

Unvented Space Heaters: 

7) Propane, Natural Gas and Kerosene Heaters 

Vented Gas Appliances: 

8) Combustion Air for Atmospherically Vented Appliances 

9) Combustion Flue Gas – Orphaned Water Heater 

10) Draft Regulation – Category I Appliance 

Safety Devices: 

11) Smoke Detector
 

12) Carbon Monoxide Detector or Monitor
 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 43
 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Topic: Combustion Appliances 

Subtopic: Unvented Space Heaters 

7) Detail Name: Propane, Natural Gas and Kerosene Heaters 

Desired Outcome: 

• Elimination of combustion byproducts 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Removal 

Unvented space heaters will 

be permanently removed 

from the house before any 

retrofit 

Eliminate sources of 

combustion byproduct 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 44
 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Topic: Combustion Appliances 

Subtopic: Vented Gas Appliances 

8) Detail Name: Combustion Air for Atmospherically Vented Appliances 

Desired Outcome: 

• Sufficient air provided in the Combustion Appliance Zone (CAZ) 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 CAZ pressure testing 

The Building Performance 

Institute (BPI) protocol or 

equivalent for CAZ 

combustion safety testing will 

be administered 25 

Ensure appliance is drafting 

properly 

2 Required combustion 

air 26 

Volume of air required for 

complete combustion of the 

fuel and air mixture will be 

calculated in cubic feet per 

minute (CFM) according to 

ANSI and NFPA guidelines 

Determine if existing 

conditions meet the 

combustion air calculation 

3 

Additional 

combustion air 

(if action is required) 

Additional combustion air will 

be provided according to ANSI 

and NFPA guidelines 

Ensure adequate combustion 

air for operation of the 

appliance 

4 Occupant health 

Carbon monoxide (CO) 

monitors will be provided in 

all houses with non-sealed 

direct vent appliances 

Ambient CO will be 

maintained at or less than 

acceptable levels after work is 

complete 27 

Ensure occupant health and 

safety 

25 ASTM E1998 - 02(2007 26 NFPA 54/ANSI/AGA Z223.1 27 NFPA 720 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 45
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Topic: Combustion Appliances 

Subtopic: Vented Gas Appliances 

9) Detail Name: Combustion Flue Gas – Orphaned Water Heater 

Desired Outcome: 

• Flue gasses successfully removed from the house 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 

Combustion 

Appliance Zone (CAZ) 

pressure testing 

The Building Performance 

Institute (BPI) protocol or 

equivalent for CAZ 

combustion safety testing will 

be administered 28 

Determine if applicable 

appliance is drafting properly 

and CAZ is safe to work in 

2 

Flue gas removal 

(chimney liner or 

approved methods) 

A chimney liner will be 

installed according to NFPA 

54 fuel code or other 

approved methods (e.g., 

power vented, sealed nonpower vented combustion) 29 

Allow water heater to vent 

properly and prevent damage 

to the chimney 

3 Retesting CAZ 

pressure 

The BPI protocol or 

equivalent for CAZ 

combustion safety testing will 

be administered 30 

Determine if additional 

combustion air is needed 

4 Required combustion 

air 31 

Volume of air required for 

complete combustion of the 

fuel and air mixture will be 

calculated in cubic feet per 

minute (CFM) according to 

ANSI and NFPA guidelines 

Determine if existing 

conditions meet the 

combustion air calculation 

5 

Additional 

combustion air 

(if action is required) 

Additional combustion air will 

be provided according to ANSI 

and NFPA guidelines 32 

Ensure adequate combustion 

air for operation of the 

appliance 

28 ASTM E1998 - 02(2007 29 NFPA 31 or NFPA 54/ANSI/AGA Z223.1 30 ASTM E1998 - 02(2007 31 NFPA 54/ANSI/AGA Z223.1 32 NFPA 54/ANSI/AGA Z223.1 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 46
 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

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V 9.21

Carbon monoxide (CO) 

monitors will be provided in 

all houses with non-sealed 

6 Occupant health 

direct vent appliances 

Ambient CO will be 

Ensure occupant health and 

safety 

maintained at or less than 

acceptable levels after work is 

complete 33 

33 NFPA 720 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 47
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Topic: Combustion Appliances 

Subtopic: Vented Gas Appliances 

10) Detail Name: Draft Regulation – Category I Appliance
 

Desired Outcome:
 

• Buildup of flue gasses prevented through proper drafting 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Assessment 

The presence of an operable 

draft regulator will be verified 

(e.g., diverter, hood, 

barometric damper) 34 

Determine if a regulator is 

present and working 

2 Installation 

(if action is required) 

A draft regulator will be 

installed if necessary 35 

Manufacturer specifications 

for installation will be 

followed (e.g., size, type, 

location) 36 

Install regulator according to 

manufacturer specifications 

3 Calibration A draft gauge will be used to 

calibrate regulation 37 

Ensure draft meets 

manufacturer specifications 

4 

Combustion 

Appliance Zone (CAZ) 

pressure testing 

The Building Performance 

Institute (BPI) protocol or 

equivalent for CAZ 

combustion safety testing will 

be administered 38 

Ensure that applicable 

appliance does not backdraft 

or spill 

5 Occupant health 

Carbon monoxide (CO) 

monitors will be installed in 

all houses with Category I 

appliances 

Ambient CO will be 

maintained at or less than 

Ensure occupant health and 

safety 

34 NFPA 54/ANSI/AGA Z223.1 35 NFPA 54/ANSI/AGA Z223.1 36 NFPA 31 or NFPA 54/ANSI/AGA Z223.1 37 NFPA 54/ANSI/AGA Z223.1 38 NFPA 54/ANSI/AGA Z223.1 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 48
 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

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acceptable levels after work is 

complete 39 

6 Occupant education 

Occupants will be educated 

on the operation and 

maintenance of the CO 

monitor 40 

Completed work and 

recommended maintenance 

will be reviewed 

Ensure occupant can operate 

and maintain installations 

39 NFPA 720 40 NFPA 720 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 49
 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Topic: Combustion Appliances 

Subtopic: Safety Devices 

11) Detail Name: Smoke Detector
 

Desired Outcome:
 

• Properly installed smoke detectors 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Smoke alarm 

(hard-wired) 

Hard-wired smoke alarms will 

be installed according to 

NFPA standards 41 

Installation will be 

accomplished by a licensed 

electrician 

Ensure proper installation 

2 Smoke alarm 

(battery operated) 

Battery operated alarms will 

be installed according to 

manufacturer specifications 42 

41 NFPA 54/ANSI/AGA Z223.1 42 NFPA 720 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 50
 

 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Topic: Combustion Appliances 

Subtopic: Safety Devices 

12) Detail Name: Carbon Monoxide Detector or Monitor
 

Desired Outcome:
 

• Properly installed carbon monoxide (CO) detectors or monitors 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 

Carbon monoxide 

(CO) detector or 

monitor 

(hard-wired) 

Hard-wired carbon monoxide 

detector or monitor will be 

installed according to NFPA 

standards 43 

Installation will be 

accomplished by a licensed 

electrician 

Ensure proper installation 

2 

Carbon monoxide 

detector or monitor 

(battery operated) 

Battery operated carbon 

monoxide detector or 

monitor will be installed 

according to manufacturer 

specifications 44 

43 NFPA 720 44 NFPA 720 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 51
 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

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APPENDIX B
 

COMBUSTION APPLIANCE ZONE (CAZ) 

DEPRESSURIZATION LIMITS 

VENTING CONDITION LIMIT 

(PA) 

Orphan natural draft water heater (including -2.0 outside chimneys)
 

Natural draft boiler or furnace commonly
 -3.0 vented with water heater 

Individual natural draft boiler or furnace -5.0 

Induced draft boiler or furnace commonly -5.0 vented with water heater 

Power vented, induced draft boiler, furnace -15.0 alone or fan assisted DHW alone 

Chimney-top draft inducer; exhaust type or 

equivalent; high static pressure flame -50.0 retention head oil burner; direct vented 

appliances; sealed combustion appliances 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 52
 

 

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V 9.21

SECTION 3: VENTILATION 

Table of Contents 

Health and Safety 

Safe Work Practices: 1 

1) Ventilation Worker Safety 

Exhaust 

Components: 

2) Ducts
 

3) Terminations
 

4) Exhaust Grille Location
 

Fans: 

5) Surface Mounted Ducted
 

6) Inline
 

7) Direct Vent
 

8) Multi-Port System
 

9) Garage Exhaust Fan
 

Appliance Exhaust Vents: 

10) Clothes Dryer
 

11) Kitchen Range
 

Special Considerations: 

12) Regional Considerations 

Supply 

Components: 

13) Supply Register Location
 

14) Intakes
 

15) Ducts for Supply
 

16) Intake to Forced Air System
 

1 Appendix D – OSHA Personal Protective Equipment Standards 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 53
 

 

 

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Fans: 

17) Inline or Multi-Port 

Special Considerations: 

18) Regional Considerations 

Whole House Ventilation: 

Air Flow Requirements: 

19) Installed System Air Flow
 

20) Primary Ventilation Air Flow Between Rooms
 

Other Components: 

21) Controls 

22) Heat Recovery Ventilation (HRV) and Energy Recovery Ventilator (ERV) Installation 

Dehumidifiers: 

23) Stand Alone
 

24) Ventilator
 

Special Considerations: 

25) Regional Considerations
 

26) Hot and Humid Climate Impact
 

27) Sound Rating Limits
 

Appendix C: 

Supplemental Ventilation Information 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 54
Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

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Health and Safety 

Safe Work Practices: 

1) Ventilation Worker Safety 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 55
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

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Topic: Health and Safety 

Subtopic: Safe Work Practices 

1) Detail Name: Ventilation Worker Safety 

Desired Outcome: 

• Work completed safely without injury or hazardous exposure 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Hand protection 

Durable gloves that can 

withstand work activity will be 

worn 2 

Minimize skin contact with 

contaminants 

Protect hands from sharp 

objects 

2 Respiratory 

protection 

Respirators appropriate for the 

contaminants present will be 

worn (e.g. N-95 or equivalent 

face mask) 3 

Minimize exposure to airborne 

contaminants (e.g. insulation 

materials, mold spores, feces, 

bacteria, chemicals) 

3 Electrical safety 4,5 

An electrical safety assessment 

will be performed 

All electric tools will be 

protected by Ground-Fault 

Circuit Interrupters 6 

Extension cords used with 

portable electric tools will be of 

three-wire type 

Worn or frayed electric cords 

will not be used 

Metal ladders will be avoided 

Water such as condensate pans 

and electrical sources will be 

kept separate 

Avoid shock and arc flash 

hazards 

2 OSHA Technical Manual Section VIII: Chapter 1, part III 

3 OSHA Technical Manual Section VIII: Chapter 2, section IV 

4 NAHB-OSHA Jobsite Safety Handbook, Second Edition: Electrical 5 29 CFR 1926 Subpart K – Electrical 6 http://www.osha.gov/SLTC/etools/construction/electrical_incidents/gfci.html - OSHA eTool 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 56
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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4 Protective clothing 

7 

If contaminants are present, 

(e.g. insulation materials) 

removable protective clothing 

will be worn 

Eye protection will be worn at 

all times (e.g. safety glasses, 

goggles if not using full face 

respirator) 

Protect worker from skin 

contact with contaminants (e.g. 

insulation materials) 

Minimize spread of 

contaminants 

5 Confined space 

safety 8,9 

Access and egress points will 

be located before beginning 

work 

Inspection will be conducted 

for frayed electrical wires 

Adequate ventilation will be 

provided 

Use of toxic material will be 

reduced 

Prevent build-up of toxic or 

flammable contaminants 

Provide adequate access and 

egress 

Avoid electrical shock 

6 Power tool safety 

10 

Power tools will be inspected 

and used according to 

manufacturer specifications to 

eliminate hazards associated 

with missing ground prongs, 

ungrounded circuits, misuse of 

power tools, noise and 

improper or defective cords or 

extension cords 

All devices used will be verified 

as GFI protected or double 

insulated 

Exhaust gases from 

compressors and generators 

will be prevented from 

entering crawl space 

Prevent power tool injuries 

7 Appendix D – OSHA Personal Protective Equipment Standards 8 ASTM D4276 - 02(2007) 9 http://www.osha.gov/SLTC/confinedspaces/index.html - OSHA Confined Space Webpage 10 29 CFR 1910 Subpart P - Hand and portable powered tools and other hand-held equipment 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 57
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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7 Chemical safety 

The least toxic suitable material 

will be chosen 

Hazards associated with VOCs, 

sealants, insulation, 

contaminated drywall, dust, 

foams, asbestos, lead, fibers, 

defective or improperly used 

respirator and Personal 

Protective Equipment (PPE) will 

be eliminated 11 

Prevent toxic exposure to 

workers 

8 Ergonomic safety12 

Personal Protective Equipment 

will be used (e.g. knee pads, 

bump caps, additional padding) 

Avoid injuries with awkward 

postures and repetitive motions 

9 Hand tool safety Hand tools will be used for 

intended purpose 13 Reduce injuries 

10 Slips, trips and 

falls 14 

Caution will be used around 

power cords, hoses, tarps and 

plastic sheeting 

Precautions will be taken when 

ladders are used, when 

working at heights or when 

balancing on joists 

Appropriate footwear and 

clothing will be worn 

Eliminate injuries due to slips, 

trips and falls 

11 Heat and thermal 

stress 15 

Appropriate ventilation, 

hydration, rest breaks and 

cooling equipment will be used 

Dial 911 when necessary 

Reduce heat stroke, heat stress 

and cold stress related injuries 

11 29 CFR 1910 Subpart Z - Toxic and Hazardous Substances 12 http://www.osha.gov/SLTC/ergonomics/index.html - OSHA Ergonomics Webpage 13 29 CFR 1910 Subpart P - Hand and portable powered tools and other hand-held equipment 14 29 CFR 1926 Subpart M - Fall Protection 15 29 CFR 1926 Subpart C - General Safety and Health Provisions 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 58
 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

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Design will be incorporated to 

eliminate or minimize hazards 

12 

Prevention 

through design 

(e.g. material selection, access 

to equipment for installation 

and maintenance, placement of 

Prevent worker injuries, 

exposure to toxic substances 

and physical hazards 

equipment, duct work and 

condensate lines) 16 

16 29 CFR 1926 Subpart C - General Safety and Health Provisions 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 59
 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

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Exhaust 

Components: 

2) Ducts 

3) Terminations 

4) Exhaust Grille Locations 

Fans: 

5) Surface Mounted Ducted 

6) Inline 

7) Direct Vent 

8) Multi-Port System 

9) Garage Exhaust Fan 

Appliance Exhaust Vents: 

10) Clothes Dryers
 

11) Kitchen Range
 

Special Considerations: 

12) Regional Considerations 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 60
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

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Topic: Exhaust 

Subtopic: Components 

2)	 Detail Name: Ducts 

Desired Outcome: 

•	 Installed ducts effectively move the required volume of air and prevent 

condensation 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Duct design and 

configuration 17 

Ducts will be smooth, will have 

the shortest run as possible and 

will have no more than one 

elbow of a maximum of 90° 

Duct diameter will be equal to 

or greater than the exhaust fan 

outlet 

Up to 2’ of flexible duct will be 

permitted to accommodate 

tight spaces and reduce noise 

ALTERNATIVE: 

Duct size will be increased by 

50% of exhaust outlet while 

retaining a straight, fully 

supported run 

Effectively move the 

required volume of air 

2 Duct insulation 

Ducts installed outside of the 

thermal envelope will be 

insulated to a minimum of R-8 

or equivalent to local codes 

Prevent condensation from 

forming or collecting inside 

of the duct work 

3 Duct support 18 

Horizontal runs will be 

supported at intervals of 4’ or 

less 

Supports with a width of at 

least 1 1⁄2” will be used 

Effectively move the 

required volume of air 

Preserve the integrity of the 

duct system 

17 SMACNA HVAC Duct Construction Standard 18 SMACNA HVAC Duct Construction Standard 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 61
 

 

 

 

 

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4 Duct connections 19 

Metal-to-metal or metal-toPVC will be fastened with a 

minimum of three equally 

spaced screws 

Flexible duct-to-metal or 

flexible duct- to-PVC will be 

fastened with tie bands using a 

tie band tensioning tool 

Flexible duct between tie band 

and end of metal or PVC duct 

will be screwed into place 

PVC-to-PVC materials will be 

fastened with approved PVC 

cement 

Other specialized duct fittings 

will be fastened according to 

manufacturer specifications 

In addition to mechanical 

fasteners, seal duct 

connections with UL 181B or 

181B-M listed material 

5 Duct materials 20 

Flexible materials will be UL 

181 listed or Air Diffusion 

Council approved 

Rigid, smooth metal of 30-gage 

wall thickness or thicker will be 

used on kitchen fans 

19 SMACNA HVAC Duct Construction Standard 20 SMACNA HVAC Duct Construction Standard 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 62
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

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Topic: Exhaust 

Subtopic: Components 

3) Detail Name: Terminations
 

Desired Outcome:
 

• Termination fittings with unrestricted air flow securely installed 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Hole in building shell 

A hole as small as possible 

will be cut to accommodate 

termination fitting 

Allow for ease of 

weatherproofing 

2 Termination fitting 

A termination fitting with an 

integrated collar will be used 

Collar will be at least the 

same diameter as the 

exhaust fan outlet 

Fitting will be appropriate 

for regional weather 

conditions and installation 

location on house 

Effectively move the required 

volume of air to the outside 

Preserve integrity of the 

building envelope 

Ensure durable installation 

3 Duct to termination 

connection 21 

Duct will be connected to 

termination fitting and will 

be sealed according to duct 

exhaust detail 

Fasteners will not inhibit 

damper operation 

Effectively move the required 

volume of air to the outside 

Preserve integrity of the 

building envelope 

Ensure durable installation 

4 Weatherproof 

installation 

Exterior termination fitting 

will be flashed or weather 

sealed 

Water will be directed away 

from penetration 

Installation will not inhibit 

damper operation 

Preserve integrity of the 

building envelope 

Ensure a weather tight and 

durable termination 

installation 

Ensure unrestricted air flow 

21 SMACNA HVAC Duct Construction Standard 

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Manufacturer specifications 

will be followed 

5 Pest exclusion 

Screen material with no less 

than 1⁄4” and no greater than 

1⁄2” hole size in any direction 

will be used 22 

Installation will not inhibit 

damper operation or restrict 

air flow 23 

Prevent pest entry 

Ensure proper air flow 

6 Termination location 

Terminations will be 

installed: 

• 3’ from any property line 

• 3’ from operable opening 

to houses 

• 10’ from mechanical 

inlets 24 

Prevent exhaust from 

reentering house 

7 Kitchen exhaust 

Metal or other approved 

material will be used for 

termination fitting for 

kitchen exhaust 

Prevent a fire hazard 

22 ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 62.2-2010 23 ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 62.2-2010 24 ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 62.2-2010 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 64
 

 

 

 

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Topic: Exhaust 

Subtopic: Components 

4) Detail Name: Exhaust Grille Location
 

Desired Outcome:
 

• Exhaust grille location optimizes either primary or spot ventilation 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 

Primary whole house 

when other spot 

ventilation is present 

Grille will be installed in a 

central location within the 

main body of the house 

Provide whole house air 

exchange 

2 Spot ventilation 

Grille will be installed in the 

space where contaminants 

are generated 

Remove contaminated air at 

the source 

3 

Primary whole house 

when no spot 

ventilation is present 

Grille will be installed in a 

central bathroom with the 

highest moisture generation 

(consider occupant input) 

Remove moisture and odors 

from the bathroom 

Provide whole house air 

exchange 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 65
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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Topic: Exhaust 

Subtopic: Fans 

5) Detail Name: Surface Mounted Ducted 

Desired Outcome: 

• Surface mounted ducted fans installed to specification 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Hole through 

interior surface 

A hole as small as 

possible will be cut to 

accommodate fan 

assembly 

Ensure a secure installation 

2 Wiring 

Wiring will be installed 

by a licensed electrician 

in accordance with 

local codes and 

manufacturer 

specifications 

Prevent an electrical hazard 

3 Fan mounting 

Fan outlet will be 

oriented toward the 

final termination 

location 

Fan will be mounted 

securely according to 

manufacturer 

specifications 

Ensure short duct run to achieve 

optimum air flow 

Ensure a secure installation 

Ensure fan housing does not shake, 

rattle or hum when operating 

4 Duct to fan 

connection 

Duct to fan outlet will 

be connected and 

sealed according to 

duct exhaust detail 

Exhaust to outside 

5 Fan housing seal 25 

Gaps and holes in fan 

housing will be sealed 

Sealants will be 

compatible with their 

intended surfaces 

Sealants will be 

continuous and meet 

Prevent air leakage through fan 

housing 

Ensure a permanent seal 

Prevent a fire hazard 

25 ASTM C1193 - 09 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 66
 

 

 

 

 

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fire barrier 

specifications 

6 Fan to interior 

surface seal 26 

Sealants will be 

compatible with their 

intended surfaces 

Sealants will be 

continuous and meet 

fire barrier 

specifications 

7 Air flow Air flows will match the 

system’s intent 

Exhaust sufficient air from desired 

locations to outside 

8 Preventing air 

leakage 27 

Leakage to the house 

from other spaces will 

be prevented (e.g., 

garages, unconditioned 

crawl spaces, 

unconditioned attics) 

Protect occupant health and safety 

9 Combustion safety 

Pressure effects will be 

assessed and corrected 

on drafting for all 

natural draft 

combustion appliances 

as necessary 28 

Ensure safe operation of combustion 

appliances 

26 ASTM C1193 - 09 27 ASTM C1193 - 09 28 ASTM E1998 - 02(2007) 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 67
 

 

 

 

 

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Topic: Exhaust 

Subtopic: Fans 

6) Detail Name: Inline
 

Desired Outcome:
 

• Inline fans installed to specification 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Wiring 

Wiring will be installed by a 

licensed electrician in 

accordance with local codes 

and manufacturer 

specifications 

Prevent an electrical hazard 

2 Access Fan and service switch will be 

accessible for maintenance 

Achieve entire system 

accessibility for maintenance 

3 Fan mounting 

Fan outlet will be oriented 

toward the final termination 

location 

Fan will be mounted securely 

according to manufacturer 

specifications 

Fan will be isolated from the 

building framing unless 

specifically designed to be 

directly attached 

Fan will be installed remotely 

by installing ducting from 

intake grille 

Ensure short duct run to 

achieve optimum air flow 

Ensure fan is installed securely 

Ensure fan housing or building 

framing does not shake, rattle 

or hum when operating 

Minimize noise 

4 Backdraft damper 

A backdraft damper will be 

installed between the outlet 

side of the fan and the 

exterior 29 

Prevent reverse air flow when 

the fan is off 

29 ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 62.2-2010 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 68
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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5 Duct connections 

Ducts will be connected and 

sealed to the intake, fan and 

termination fitting according 

to duct exhaust detail 30 

Exhaust from desired location 

to outside 

Preserve integrity of the duct 

system and building envelope 

6 Boot to interior 

surface seal 31 

Sealants will be compatible 

with their intended surfaces 

Sealants will be continuous 

and meet fire barrier 

specifications 

Prevent air leakage around 

intake housing 

Prevent a fire hazard 

7 Air flow Air flows will match the 

system’s intent 

Exhaust sufficient air from 

desired locations to outside 

8 Preventing air leakage 

Leakage to the house from 

other spaces (e.g., garages, 

unconditioned crawl spaces, 

unconditioned attics) will be 

prevented 32 

Protect occupant health and 

safety 

9 Combustion safety 

Pressure effects will be 

assessed and corrected on 

drafting for all natural draft 

combustion appliances as 

necessary 33 

Ensure safe operation of 

combustion appliances 

30 SMACNA HVAC Duct Construction Standard 31 ASTM C1193 - 09 32 ASTM C1193 - 09 33 ASTM E1998 - 02(2007) 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 69
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

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V 9.21

Topic: Exhaust 

Subtopic: Fans 

7) Detail Name: Direct Vent
 

Desired Outcome:
 

• Direct vent fans installed to specification 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Hole in building shell 

A hole as small as possible 

will be cut to accommodate 

fan assembly 

Ensure a weather tight and 

secure installation 

2 Wiring 

Wiring will be installed by a 

licensed electrician in 

accordance with local codes 

and manufacturer 

specifications 

Prevent an electrical hazard 

3 Fan mounting 

Fan outlet will be oriented 

toward the final termination 

location 

Fan will be mounted 

securely according to 

manufacturer specifications 

Install mounting fan securely 

Ensure fan housing does not 

shake, rattle or hum when 

operating 

4 Weatherproof 

installation 

Exterior termination fitting 

will be flashed or weather 

sealed 34 

Water will be directed away 

from penetration 

Termination fitting 

installation will not inhibit 

damper operation 

Manufacturer specifications 

will be followed 

Preserve integrity of the 

building envelope 

Ensure a weather tight and 

durable installation 

Ensure unrestricted air flow 

5 Fan housing seal 35 Sealants will be compatible 

with their intended surfaces 

Prevent air leakage through 

fan housing 

34 ASTM C1193 - 09 35 ASTM C1193 - 09 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 70
 

 

 

 

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Sealants will be continuous 

and meet fire barrier 

specifications 

Ensure a permanent seal to 

the building air barrier 

6 Fan to interior surface 

seal 36 

Sealants will be compatible 

with their intended surfaces 

Sealants will be continuous 

and meet fire barrier 

specifications 

Prevent air leakage around 

intake housing 

Prevent a fire hazard 

7 Insulation 

All components outside of 

the thermal envelope will be 

insulated to a minimum of R8 or equivalent to local 

codes 

Exception: If system 

operates continuously, fan 

housing need not be 

insulated 

Preserve integrity of the duct 

system 

8 Preventing air leakage 

Leakage to the house from 

other spaces will be 

prevented (e.g., garages, 

unconditioned crawl spaces, 

unconditioned attics) 37 

Protect occupant health and 

safety 

9 Combustion safety 

Pressure effects will be 

assessed and corrected on 

drafting for all natural draft 

combustion appliances as 

necessary 38 

Ensure safe operation of 

combustion appliances 

36 ASTM C1193 - 09 37 ASTM C1193 - 09 38 ASTM E1998 - 02(2007) 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 71
 

 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

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V 9.21

Topic: Exhaust 

Subtopic: Fans 

8) Detail Name: Multi-Port System
 

Desired Outcome:
 

• Multi-port fans installed to specification 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Wiring 

Wiring will be installed by a 

licensed electrician in 

accordance with local codes 

and manufacturer 

specifications 

Prevent an electrical hazard 

2 Access Fan and service switch will be 

accessible for maintenance 

Achieve designed exhaust 

flow from desired locations to 

the outside 

3 Fan mounting 

Fan outlet will be oriented 

toward the final termination 

location 

Fan will be mounted securely 

according to manufacturer 

specifications 

Fan will be isolated from the 

building framing unless 

specifically designed to be 

directly attached 

Fan will be installed remotely 

by ducting from intake grilles 

Ensure short duct runs to 

achieve optimum air flows 

Ensure mounting is installed 

securely 

Ensure fan housing or 

building framing does not 

shake, rattle or hum when 

operating 

Minimize noise 

4 

Backdraft dampers 

(required in 

intermittent systems) 

A backdraft damper will be 

installed between the fan and 

the exterior, unless the system 

operates continuously 39 

A backdraft damper will be 

installed in any duct serving any 

Prevent reverse air flow when 

the system is off 

Prevent spread of 

contaminants between rooms 

39 ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 62.2-2010 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 72
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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room with a separate exhaust 

(e.g., dryer) 40 

5 Combining intake 

ducts 

All individual intake ducts will 

be combined on the upstream 

side of fan (e.g., Y, T, Collector 

Box) 

Exhaust air from desired 

locations to outside 

6 Duct connections 41 

Ducts will be connected and 

sealed to applicable intakes, 

collector box, fan and 

termination fitting 

Ducts will be connected and 

sealed according to duct 

exhaust detail 

Exhaust air from desired 

locations to outside 

Preserve integrity of the duct 

system and building envelope 

7 Insulation 

All components outside of the 

thermal envelope will be 

insulated to a minimum of R-8 

or equivalent to local codes 

Exception: If system operates 

continuously, fan housing need 

not be insulated 

Preserve integrity of the duct 

system 

8 Boot to interior 

surface seal 42 

Sealants will be compatible 

with their intended surfaces 

Sealants will be continuous and 

meet fire barrier specifications 

Prevent air leakage around 

boot 

Ensure a permanent seal to 

the building air barrier 

Prevent a fire hazard 

9 Air flow Air flows will match the 

system’s intent 

Exhaust sufficient air from 

desired locations to outside 

10 Preventing air 

leakage 43 

Air leakage into the house from 

other spaces will be prevented 

(e.g., garages, unconditioned 

crawl spaces, unconditioned 

attics) 

Protect occupant health and 

safety 

40 ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 62.2-2010 41 SMACNA HVAC Duct Construction Standard 42 ASTM C1193 - 09 43 ASTM C1193 - 09 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 73
 

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Pressure effects will be 

11 Combustion safety 

assessed and corrected on 

drafting for all natural draft 

combustion appliances as 

Ensure safe operation of 

combustion appliances 

necessary 44 

44 ASTM E1998 - 02(2007) 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 74
 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

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V 9.21

Topic: Exhaust 

Subtopic: Fans 

9) Detail Name: Garage Exhaust Fan
 

Desired Outcome:
 

• Contaminants are properly removed from the house 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 System selection Ventilation for garage will be 

exhaust only 

Remove contaminants from 

garage 

Reduce contaminant migration 

from garage to house 

Protect occupant health and 

safety 

2 Air leakage Air leakage between the house 

and garages will be prevented 

Protect occupant health and 

safety 

Reduce contaminant migration 

from garage to house 

3 Combustion safety 

Pressure effects will be 

assessed and corrected on 

drafting for all natural draft 

combustion appliances as 

necessary 45 

Ensure safe operation of 

combustion appliances 

Protect occupant health and 

safety 

45 ASTM E1998 - 02(2007) 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 75
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

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V 9.21

Topic: Exhaust 

Subtopic: Appliance Exhaust Vents 

10) Detail Name: Clothes Dryer
 

Desired Outcome:
 

• Dryer air is exhausted efficiently and safely 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Clothes dryer ducting 

Clothes dryers will be ducted 

to outside 46 

As short a run as practical of 

smooth wall metal duct will 

be used, following 

manufacturer specifications 

and IMC 2009 504 

Ducts will be connected and 

sealed as described in duct 

exhaust detail: 

• Sheet metal screws or 

other fasteners that will 

obstruct the exhaust flow 

will not be used 

• Condensing dryers will be 

plumbed to a drain 

Preserve integrity of 

building envelope 

Effectively move air from 

clothes dryer to outside 

46 ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 62.2-2010 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 76
 

 

 

 

 

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2 Termination fitting 

Termination fitting approved 

for use with dryers will be 

installed 

A backdraft damper will be 

included, as described in 

termination fitting detail, 

with the exception of 

installing a pest exclusion 

screen 47 

3 Make-up air 

Make-up air will be provided 

for appliances exhausting 

more than 200 cubic feet per 

minute (CFM) 

4 Combustion safety 

Pressure effects will be 

assessed and corrected on 

drafting for all natural draft 

combustion appliances as 

necessary 48 

Ensure safe operation of 

combustion appliances 

Protect occupant health and 

safety 

5 Occupant education 

Occupant will be instructed 

to keep lint filter and 

termination fitting clean 49 

Effectively move air from 

clothes dryer to outside 

47 ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 62.2-2010 48 ASTM E1998 - 02(2007) 49 ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 62.2-2010 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 77
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

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V 9.21

Topic: Exhaust 

Subtopic: Appliance Exhaust Vents 

11) Detail Name: Kitchen Range
 

Desired Outcome:
 

• Kitchen range fan installed to specification 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Wiring 

Wiring will be installed by a 

licensed electrician in 

accordance with local codes 

and manufacturer 

specification 50 

Prevent an electrical hazard 

2 Fan venting 

Kitchen range fans will be 

vented to the outside 51 

Re-circulating fans will not 

be used as a ventilating 

device 

Remove cooking 

contaminants from the 

house 

Preserve integrity of building 

envelope 

3 Fan ducting 

Kitchen range fans will be 

ducted to the outside 52 

As short a run as practical of 

smooth wall metal duct will 

be used, following 

manufacturer specifications 

and IMC 2009 505 

Ducting will be connected 

and sealed as described in 

exhaust duct detail 

Preserve integrity of building 

envelope 

Effectively move air from 

range to outside 

4 Termination fitting 

Termination fitting will be 

installed including a 

backdraft damper, as 

described in termination 

fitting detail 53 

Ensure safe operation of 

combustion appliances 

Protect occupant health and 

safety 

50 OSHA Technical Manual Section VIII: Chapter 1, part III 51 ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 62.2-2010 52 ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 62.2-2010 53 ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 62.2-2010 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 78
 

 

 

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5 Make-up air 

Make-up air will be provided 

for kitchen range fans 

exhausting more than 200 

cubic feet per minute (CFM) 

54 

6 Combustion safety 

Pressure effects will be 

assessed and corrected on 

drafting (of) for all natural 

draft combustion appliances 

as necessary 55 

7 Occupant education 

Occupant will be instructed 

to keep grease filters and 

termination fitting clean 56 

Effectively move air from 

kitchen range to outside 

54 ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 62.2-2010 55 ASTM E1998 - 02(2007) 56 ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 62.2-2010 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 79
 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

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V 9.21

Topic: Exhaust 

Subtopic: Special Considerations 

12) Detail Name: Regional Considerations 

Row Region Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Very Cold 

Ventilation terminations will 

either have no back flow 

dampers or will use back flow 

dampers that resist freezing 

Soffit vents that contain a 

ventilation exhaust termination 

will be sealed within 6’ of the 

termination 

Avoid ventilation flapper 

freezing 

Prevent exhaust moisture 

from entering the attic 

2 Cold 

Exhaust ventilation will 

terminate at the roof, gable 

end or wall 

Prevent exhaust moisture 

from entering the attic 

3 Mixed Humid 

Ventilation ducts will be 

insulated to R-4 or greater 

Ventilation exhaust ducts will 

terminate on the exterior of 

the house 

Ventilation exhausts 

terminating through the soffit 

will direct exhaust air away 

from the soffit vents 

Ensure condensation does 

not form on or in the 

ductwork 

Ensure ventilation exhaust 

exits the house to the 

outside 

Prevent exhaust moisture 

from entering the attic 

4 Hot Humid Exhaust only ventilation will 

not be installed 

Avoid bringing moist outside 

air into the house 

5 Marine 

6 Hot Dry 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 80
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V 9.21

Supply 

Components: 

13) Supply Register Location 

14) Intakes 

15) Ducts for Supply 

16) Intake to Forced Air System 

Fans: 

17) Inline or Multi-Port 

Special Considerations: 

18) Regional Considerations 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 81
 

 

 

 

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V 9.21

Topic: Supply 

Subtopic: Components 

13) Detail Name: Supply Register Location 

Desired Outcome: 

•	 Supply register location optimizes air flow for either primary or spot 

ventilation devices 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Primary whole house 

Supply register will be 

installed in high-occupancy 

rooms or rooms used for 

sleeping 

Provide whole-house air 

exchange 

2 Spot make up 

Supply register will be 

installed in the room 

containing an exhaust device 

which exceeds 200 cubic feet 

per minute (CFM) of air flow 

Provide make-up air 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 82
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

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V 9.21

Topic: Supply 

Subtopic: Components 

14) Detail Name: Intakes 

Desired Outcome: 

•	 Intake optimizes air flow while limiting the entry of insects, debris and 

contaminants 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Hole in building shell 

A hole as small as possible 

will be cut to accommodate 

intake fitting 

Ensure a weathertight 

installation 

2 Intake fitting 

Intake fitting will have 

integrated collar at least the 

same diameter as the duct 

The fitting will be appropriate 

for regional weather 

conditions and installation 

location on exterior of house 

Effectively draw the 

required volume of air 

from outside 

Preserve integrity of the 

building envelope 

Ensure durable installation 

3 Occupant education 

Intake fitting will be labeled 

“ventilation air intake” 

Occupant will be instructed 

to keep yard debris and other 

contaminants clear of the 

intake 57 Ensure unrestricted air 

flow 

4 Damper 

(if applicable) 

The damper will be installed 

to open in the direction of 

the desired flow 

Damper will close when 

system is off 

5 Connection to intake 

fitting 

Duct to intake fitting will be 

connected and sealed 

according to supply duct 

detail 

Preserve integrity of the 

building envelope 

Ensure a weathertight and 

durable intake installation 

57 ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 62.2-2010 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 83
 

 

 

 

 

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Ensure fasteners do not 

inhibit intake damper 

operation 

Ensure unrestricted air 

flow 

6 Weatherproofing 

Exterior termination fitting 

will be flashed or weather 

sealed 

Water will be directed away 

from penetration 

Installation will not inhibit 

damper operation 

Manufacturer specifications 

will be followed 

7 Pest exclusion 

Screen material no less than 

1⁄4” and no greater than 1⁄2” 

hole size in any direction will 

be used 58 

Screen will be installed so it 

does not inhibit intake 

damper operation 59 

Prevent pest entry 

Ensure unrestricted air 

flow 

8 Intake location 

Intake will be installed 

according to the following: 

• 6” from grade 

• 10’ from contaminant 

sources or exhaust outlets 

• Above local snow or flood 

line 

• Never on an asphalt based 

or flat roof 

Prevent contaminants 

from entering house 

Ensure unrestricted air 

flow 

58 ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 62.2-2010 59 ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 62.2-2010 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 84
 

 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

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V 9.21

Topic: Supply 

Subtopic: Components 

15) Detail Name: Ducts for Supply 

Desired Outcome: 

•	 Supply ducts effectively move the required amount of air and prevent 

condensation 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Duct design and 

configuration 60 

Ducts will be as short, 

straight and smooth as 

possible 

Ducts will not be smaller 

than the connections to 

which they are attached 

Effectively move the required 

volume of air 

2 Duct insulation 

Ducts will be insulated to a 

minimum of R-8 or 

equivalent to local codes 

Prevent moisture 

condensation 

3 Duct support 61 

Ducts will be supported at 

intervals of no more than 

4’of horizontal run 

Supports with a minimum 

width of 1 1⁄2” will be used 

Effectively move the required 

volume of air 

Preserve the integrity of the 

duct system 

4 Duct connections 62 

Metal-to-metal or metal-toPVC will be fastened with a 

minimum of three equally 

spaced screws 

Flexible duct-to-metal or 

flexible duct-to-PVC will be 

fastened with tie bands 

using a tie band tensioning 

tool 

Effectively move the required 

volume of air 

Preserve integrity of the duct 

system and building envelope 

60 SMACNA HVAC Duct Construction Standard 61 SMACNA HVAC Duct Construction Standard 62 SMACNA HVAC Duct Construction Standard 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 85
 

 

 

 

 

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Flexible duct between the 

cable tie and end of metal or 

PVC duct will be screwed 

PVC-to-PVC materials will be 

fastened with approved PVC 

cement 

Other specialized duct 

fittings will be fastened 

according to manufacturer 

specifications 

Supply ducts attached to the 

return side of forced air 

systems will be: 

• Attached as close to the 

heating, ventilation and 

air conditioning (HVAC) 

systems fan as possible 

while remaining in 

compliance with 

manufacturer 

specifications 

• Set up to provide 

filtration of ventilation 

air before reaching the 

HVAC system 

• Attached via a 

mechanically fastened 

takeoff collar 

In addition to mechanical 

fasteners, air seal duct 

connections will be fastened 

with UL 181B or 181B-M 

listed material 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 86
 

 

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5 Duct materials 63 

Flexible duct materials will 

be UL 181 listed or Air 

Diffusion Council approved 

Effectively move the required 

volume of air 

Preserve integrity of the duct 

system and building envelope 

6 Intake Location 

Install intakes: 

• 6’ minimum above 

grade 

• 10’ minimum from 

exhaust outlets, 

plumbing vent 

outlets, or 

combustion vent 

outlets 

Reduce opportunity for 

contaminants to enter the 

house through the ventilation 

system 

• Above local snow or 

flood line 

• Minimum 18” above 

an asphalt-based or 

flat roof 

63 SMACNA HVAC Duct Construction Standard 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 87
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

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Topic: Supply 

Subtopic: Components 

16) Detail Name: Intake to Forced Air System 

Desired Outcome: 

•	 Intake reduces pollutant entry, is easily maintained, has proper flow and 

enhances house durability 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Forced air system 

requirements 

Forced air system leakage will 

be less than 10% of the air 

handler flow when measured 

at 25 Pascals 

Reduce migration of 

pollutants from 

unconditioned spaces 

2 Wiring 

Wiring will be installed by a 

licensed electrician in 

accordance with local codes 

and manufacturer 

specifications 

Prevent an electrical hazard 

3 Access 

Motorized damper and service 

switch will be accessible for 

maintenance 

Ensure accessibility for 

maintenance 

4 Mounting intake duct 

Ventilation duct will be 

attached as close to the 

heating, ventilation and air 

conditioning (HVAC) systems 

fan as possible while 

remaining in compliance with 

manufacturer specifications 

Filtration of ventilation air will 

be provided before reaching 

the HVAC system 

Duct will be connected to 

intake fitting 

Connection and seal will be 

performed according to supply 

duct detail 

Ensure short duct run to 

achieve optimum air flow 

Preserve integrity of the 

duct system and building 

envelope 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 88
 

 

 

 

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5 Motorized damper 

A motorized damper will be 

installed between the intake 

fitting and the return side of 

the air handler 

Damper control will be linked 

to scheduled operation 

Prevent air flow when none 

is desired 

6 Intake filter 

An accessible filter will be 

installed 

The filter will be able to 

remove contaminants 

consistent with at least 

minimum efficiency reporting 

value (MERV) 11 or equivalent 

Filter systems that produce 

ozone will not be allowed 

Protect occupant health and 

safety 

Preserve integrity of the 

building envelope 

7 Occupant education 

Occupant will be educated on 

how and when to change 

filter 64 

64 ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 62.2-2010 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 89
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

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V 9.21

Topic: Supply 

Subtopic: Fans 

17) Detail Name: Inline or Multi-Port
 

Desired Outcome:
 

• Inline or multi-port fan installed according to specifications 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Wiring 

Wiring will be installed by a 

licensed electrician in 

accordance with local codes 

and manufacturer 

specifications 

Prevent an electrical hazard 

2 Access 

Fan and service switch will 

be accessible for 

maintenance 

Achieve designed air flow 

3 Fan mounting 

Fan will be oriented with 

inlet toward the fan intake 

fitting 

Fan will be securely 

mounted according to 

manufacturer specifications 

Fan will be isolated from 

the building framing unless 

specifically designed to be 

directly attached 

Fan will be installed 

remotely by ducting from 

supply register or grilles 

Ensure short duct run to 

achieve optimum air flow 

Ensure fan is mounted 

securely 

Ensure fan housing or 

building framing does not 

shake, rattle or hum when 

operating 

Minimize noise 

4 

Damper 

(required for intermittent 

operation) 

The damper will be installed 

to open in the direction of 

the desired flow 

Damper will close when 

system is off 

Ensure unrestricted air flow 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 90
 

 

 

 

 

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5 Duct connections 

Ducts will be connected and 

sealed to the intake fitting, 

fan and register or grilles 

according to supply duct 

detail 

Provide desired air flow 

Preserve integrity of the 

duct system and building 

envelope 

6 Filter 

An accessible filter will be 

installed between the 

intake fitting and the fan 

Contaminant removal will 

be consistent with at least 

minimum efficiency 

reporting value (MERV) 11 

or equivalent 

Filter systems that produce 

ozone will not be allowed 

Protect occupant health 

and safety 

Preserve integrity of the 

building envelope 

7 Occupant education 

Occupant will be educated 

on how and when to 

change filter 65 

Protect occupant health 

and safety 

8 Boot to interior surface 

seal 66 

Sealants will be compatible 

with their intended surfaces 

Sealants will be continuous 

and meet fire barrier 

specifications 

Prevent air leakage around 

intake housing 

Ensure a permanent seal to 

the building air barrier 

Prevent a fire hazard 

65 ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 62.2-2010 66 ASTM C1193 - 09 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 91
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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V 9.21

Topic: Supply 

Subtopic: Special Considerations 

18) Detail Name: Regional Differences 

Row Region Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Very Cold 

Ventilation intakes will be 

installed at a low point or have 

a continuous operating fan 

Ventilation intake will be 

located above snow line 

Supply ventilation will be 

independent of the forced air 

system 

Ensure proper ventilation 

rates 

Avoid increased moisture 

entering the house 

Ensure energy use and 

comfort are not 

compromised by over 

ventilating 

2 Cold Ventilation intake must be 

located above snow line 

Ensure proper ventilation 

rates and avoid increased 

moisture entering the house 

3 Mixed Humid 

4 Hot Humid 

Intake will not terminate on 

roof 

When the primary ventilation 

fan is the air handler, the 

controller will be used only to 

control the ventilation damper, 

not to start the air handler fan 

Intake for supply will be 

attached to the system as close 

to the intake of the coils as 

possible 

Avoid excessive heat from 

entering ventilation air 

Ensure energy use and 

comfort are not 

compromised 

Ensure proper pressure in 

intake duct 

5 Marine 

6 Hot Dry 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 92
Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Whole House Ventilation 

Air Flow Requirements: 

19) Installed System Air Flow
 

20) Primary Ventilation Air Flow Between Rooms
 

Other Components: 

21) Controls 

22) Heat Recovery Ventilation (HRV) and Energy Recovery Ventilator (ERV) Installation 

Dehumidifiers: 

23) Stand Alone
 

24) Ventilator
 

Special Considerations: 

25) Regional Considerations
 

26) Hot and Humid Climate Impact
 

27) Sound Rating Limits
 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 93
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

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V 9.21

Topic: Whole House Ventilation 

Subtopic: Air Flow Requirements 

19) Detail Name: Installed System Air Flow
 

Desired Outcome:
 

• Installed system air flow meets required standards 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 

Separate exhaust for all 

baths and kitchens plus 

primary ventilation 

Air flows will meet the 

following requirements: 

Bath: 

67 

• 20 cubic feet per minute 

(CFM) continuous 

OR 

• 50 CFM intermittent 

Kitchen: 

68 

• Minimum 100 CFM 

intermittent 

Primary ventilation: 

69 

• Air flow rate will be no 

less than 7.5 CFM per 

Provide sufficient flows per 

current ventilation standard 

person + 1 CFM per 100 

square feet floor area of 

conditioned space= 

continuous use 

(Minimum number of people 

= number of bedrooms plus 

one) 

For intermittent use, ASHRAE 

62.2-2010, or Appendix AExisting Buildings will be used 

67 ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 62.2-2010 68 ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 62.2-2010 69 ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 62.2-2010 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 94
 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

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V 9.21

2 

Separate exhaust for all 

baths and kitchens 

sufficient to meet 

primary ventilation 

requirements 

Air flows will meet the 

following requirements: 

Bath: 

70 

• 20 CFM continuous 

OR 

• 50 CFM intermittent 

Kitchen: 

71 

• Minimum 100 CFM 

intermittent 

• Air flow through bath or 

kitchen fan rated at 1 

sone or less will be no less 

than 7.5 CFM per person + 

1 CFM per 100 square feet 

= continuous use 

(Minimum number of people 

= number of bedrooms plus 

one) 

For intermittent use, ASHRAE 

62.2-2010 or Appendix AExisting Buildings will be 

used 

70 ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 62.2-2010 71 ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 62.2-2010 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 95
 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

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V 9.21

3 

Single additional fan to 

meet all ventilation 

requirements 

Air flows will meet the 

following requirements: 

For continuous use: 

72 

• 7.5 CFM per person + 1 

CFM per 100 square feet, 

with adjustments 

• Refer to Appendix C for 

additional assistance in 

meeting ventilation flows 

(Minimum number of people 

= number of bedrooms plus 

one) 

For intermittent use, ASHRAE 

62.2-2010 or Appendix C will 

be used 

Provide sufficient flows per 

current ventilation standard 

4 

Reducing fan air flow 

requirement based on 

blower door or building 

leakage measurement 

(optional) 

Required fan air flow may be 

reduced by using ASHRAE 

62.2-2010 infiltration credit 

(section 4.1.3) and alternative 

compliance for existing 

buildings (Appendix A) 

72 ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 62.2-2010 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 96
 

 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Topic: Air Flows 

Subtopic: Air Flow Requirements 

20) Detail Name: Primary Ventilation Air Flow Between Rooms 

Desired Outcome: 

• Air circulates freely between rooms 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Balancing pressure 

An appropriate means of 

pressure balancing will be 

installed (e.g., transfer grilles, 

jumper ducts, individual room 

returns) 

No room will exceed +/- 3 

Pascals with reference to the 

outside with all interior doors 

closed and ventilation 

systems running 

Ensure free flow of air 

between rooms 

Preserve integrity of the 

building envelope 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 97
 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

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V 9.21

Topic: Whole House Ventilation 

Subtopic: Other Components 

21) Detail Name: Controls
 

Desired Outcome:
 

• Fan controls support ventilation strategy 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Primary ventilation fan 

(whole house volume) 

Controls will be used that 

can meet the following 

conditions: 

• Run fan continuously 

• Run fan intermittently 

with the intended 

schedule of operation for 

intermittent operation 

• Operate fan to produce 

the intended flow for 

each intended flow 

setting 

• A labeled switch will be 

included for the 

ventilation system 

Deliver intended air 

exchange 

Ensure fan controls meet 

intended ventilation 

strategy 

2 Spot fan 

Controls will be used that 

meet the following 

conditions: 

• Run fan intermittently 

with the intended 

schedule of operation for 

intermittent operation 

• Run fan for intended 

time for timed operation 

• Operate fan to produce 

the intended flow for 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 98
 

 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

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each intended flow 

setting 

3 Wiring 

Wiring will be installed by a 

licensed electrician in 

accordance with local codes 

and manufacturer 

specifications 

Prevent an electrical hazard 

Ensure controls fan meets 

intended ventilation 

strategy 

4 Occupant education 

A system operation guide 

designed for occupants 

(non-professionals) will be 

provided to explain how and 

why to operate system 

A label indicating the 

presence and purpose of the 

ventilation system will be 

included or a copy of the 

system operation guide will 

be posted at the electrical 

panel 

Educate occupants about 

system operation and 

importance 

Deliver intended air 

exchange 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 99
 

 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

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V 9.21

Topic: Whole House Ventilation 

Subtopic: Other Components 

22) Detail Name: Heat Recovery Ventilation (HRV) and Energy Recovery Ventilator (ERV) 

Installation 

Desired Outcome: 

• HRV and ERV systems installed to specifications 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Wiring 

Wiring will be installed by a 

licensed electrician in 

accordance with local codes 

and manufacturer 

specifications 

Prevent an electrical hazard 

2 Access 

Fans, service switch, filters, 

drain and drain pan will be 

accessible for maintenance 

Maintain designed air flows 

and system performance 

Protect occupant health and 

safety 

3 Fan mounting 

Fan will be securely 

mounted according to 

manufacturer specifications 

A drain pan will be installed 

on the bottom 

Fan will be oriented to 

ensure shortest, most direct 

duct runs to exterior fittings 

Fan will be isolated from the 

building framing unless 

specifically designed to be 

directly attached 

Ensure short duct runs to 

achieve optimum air flows 

Ensure the fan is mounted 

securely 

Ensure fan housing or 

building framing does not 

shake, rattle or hum when 

operating 

Minimize noise 

4 

Backdraft dampers 

(required for 

intermittent operation) 

A backdraft damper will be 

installed between the Heat 

Recovery Ventilator (HRV)or 

Energy Recovery Ventilator 

(ERV) and the exterior, 

unless the system operates 

Prevent reverse air flow when 

the system is off 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 100
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

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V 9.21

continuously 

5 Installation of fittings 

The intake fitting will be 

installed as described in the 

intake fitting detail 

The termination fitting will 

be installed as described in 

the termination fitting detail 

Achieve the desired air flows 

to and from the designated 

locations 

Ensure unrestricted air flow 

Preserve integrity of the 

building envelope 

6 Duct connections 

Ducts will be connected to 

applicable registers or 

grilles, collector box, HRV or 

ERV, intake fitting and 

termination fitting 

Ducts will be connected and 

sealed according to duct 

exhaust and supply duct 

detail 

Achieve the desired air flows 

to and from the desired 

locations 

Preserve integrity of the duct 

system and building envelope 

7 Duct layout 

Exhaust air will not be taken 

from the forced air system 

Supply ducts attached to the 

return side of forced air 

systems will be: 

• Attached as close to the 

HVAC systems fan as 

possible while 

remaining in compliance 

with manufacturer 

specifications 

• Set up to provide 

filtration of ventilation 

air before reaching the 

heating, ventilation and 

air conditioning (HVAC) 

system 

Achieve the desired air flows 

to and from the desired 

locations 

Preserve integrity of duct 

system and house 

Protect occupant health and 

safety 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 101
 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

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• Connected to the intake 

fitting 

• Connected and sealed 

according to the supply 

duct detail 

8 Insulation 

Ducts outside of the thermal 

envelope will be insulated 

Supply ducts will be 

insulated between the HRV 

or ERV and the outside air 

intake to a minimum of R-8 

or equivalent to local codes 

Preserve integrity of the duct 

system by eliminating 

condensation 

9 Sealant selection 

Gap between registers or 

grilles and interior surface 

will be sealed 

Sealants will be compatible 

with their intended surfaces 

Sealants will be continuous 

and meet fire barrier 

specifications 

Prevent air leakage around 

registers or grilles 

Ensure a permanent seal 

Prevent a fire hazard 

10 Balance and flow Air flows will match to the 

system’s intent 

Achieve the desired air flows 

to and from the desired 

locations 

11 Occupant education 

Occupant will be educated 

on how and when to change 

filter and clean drain pan 

according to manufacturer 

specifications 

Protect occupant health 

Preserve integrity of system 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 102
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

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V 9.21

Topic: Whole House Ventilation 

Subtopic: Dehumidifiers 

23) Detail Name: Dehumidifiers: Stand Alone
 

Desired Outcome:
 

• Humidity controlled to achieve optimum indoor air quality (IAQ) 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Equipment 

Equipment will be ENERGY 

STAR rated 

Settings will be maintained 

through power failure (auto 

restart) 

System will be connected 

directly to condensate line 

that drains to a plumbing 

drain or the exterior, away 

from the home’s 

foundation(hose not 

connected to bucket) 

Systems located in a 

basement or crawl space will 

be rated for cold temperature 

operation 

Efficiently remove humidity 

Ease of operation 

Reliably dispose of 

condensate 

2 Sizing 

System will be selected with 

enough capacity to handle 

humidity from outside air 

ventilation and internal gains 

Humidity levels will be 

maintained less than 60% 

Efficiently remove humidity 

3 Location 

Dehumidifiers will be located 

in or near the return air 

pathway with access to 

electrical outlet and place to 

dispose of the condensate 

Easily maintain equipment 

Distribute dehumidified air 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 103
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V 9.21

Condensate line will be 

4 Condensate directly attached to threaded 

connection of system to drain Dispose of water quickly 

outside 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 104
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

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V 9.21

Topic: Whole House Ventilation 

Subtopic: Dehumidifiers 

24) Detail Name: Dehumidifiers: Ventilator
 

Desired Outcome:
 

• Humidity controlled to achieve optimum indoor air quality (IAQ) 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Equipment 

Equipment will be ENERGY 

STAR rated 

Settings will be maintained 

through power failure (auto 

restart) 

Dehumidification ventilator 

will be a ducted unit 

Dehumidification ventilator 

will be able to provide 

outside air 

Efficiently remove humidity 

Operate equipment easily 

Provide ventilation with 

outside air 

2 Sizing 

System with enough capacity 

to handle humidity from 

outside air ventilation and 

internal gains will be selected 

Humidity levels will be 

maintained less than 60% 

Efficiently remove humidity 

3 Location 

Equipment will be located in 

an area with access to HVAC 

supply trunk line or plenum, 

outside air 

Access for maintenance, 

electrical service and removal 

of condensate will be 

provided 

Easily maintain equipment 

Distribute outside air 

4 Outside air 

ventilation rate 

In a hot and humid climate, 

outside air will be provided at 

the rate specified by ASHRAE 

62.2 and must be pre 

Improve indoor air quality 

Increase energy efficiency 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 105
 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

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V 9.21

conditioned Avoid moisture problems 

associated with overventilation in a hot and humid 

climate 73 

5 Installation 

Installation will be according 

to manufacturer 

specifications and local codes 

Maintain manufacturer 

warranty and proper 

installation 

6 Controls 

Humidity control and sensor 

will be installed near 

thermostat 

Humidity in the house controls 

the system operation 

73 ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 62.2-2010 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 106
 

 

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V 9.21

Topic: Whole House Ventilation 

Subtopic: Special Considerations 

25) Detail Name: Regional Considerations 

Row Region Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Very Cold 

Energy recovery ventilators will 

not be installed 

A filter box will be installed 

before Heat Recovery 

Ventilator (HRV) 

Ventilation ducts will be 

insulated to R-19 

Prevent freezing of 

ventilator 

Ensure the ventilation 

system remains clean and 

operates properly 

Ensure condensation does 

not form on or in the 

ductwork 

2 Cold 

3 Mixed Humid 

4 Hot Humid 

HRVs will not be installed 

Ventilation air intake will not 

be terminated at roof 

Determine whether net latent 

load from ventilation (both 

natural and mechanical) 

requires dehumidification. If 

so, install dehumidification 

(see details 24 and 25) 

Avoid low energy recovery 

equipment 

Prevent excessive heat from 

entering ventilation air 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 107
 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

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5 Marine 

6 Hot Dry 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 108
 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Topic: Whole House Ventilation 

Subtopic: Special Considerations 

26) Detail Name: Sound Rating Limits
 

Desired Outcome:
 

• Systems operate as quietly as possible 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 

Primary ventilation system 

or any continuously 

operating fan 

System will be no louder 

than 40 A-weighted decibels 

(dBA) when measured 5’ 

from any grille 74 

Minimize noise 

2 Intermittent spot 

ventilation system 

Spot ventilation other than 

kitchen range fan will be no 

louder than 50 dBA when 

measured 5’ from any grille 

75 

Kitchen range fan will be no 

louder than 60 dBA when 

measured 5’ from intake 

grille 76 

74 ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 62.2-2010 75 ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 62.2-2010 76 ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 62.2-2010 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 109
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Appendix C 

Adjustments to Primary Ventilation Fan Flow Rate, including Infiltration Credit and ASHRAE 

Standard 62.2-2010, Appendix A (calculation for alternative compliance for existing houses 

using a single fan) 

Calculation of the Infiltration Credit: 

The infiltration credit that can be used to reduce the required installed fan flow requires a 

series of calculations. These calculations can be reduced to a few inputs using certain 

assumptions. This section provides this reduced equation for infiltration and shows how to use 

this to determine the credit for infiltration. For a more detailed step-by-step discussion see the 

end of this appendix. 

1) The infiltration rate at operating conditions, measured in CFM, can be estimated as 

ICFM = 0.0508* w * S *Q50 

In this equation: 

S is a factor accounting for the height of the house, determined from Table A-1 

Q50 is the blower door test result in CFM50 (cubic feet per minute at 50 Pa) 

w is the weather factor from ASHRAE Standard 136 

Table A-1. S factors for various house heights 

Number of stories 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 

S 1 1.13 1.23 1.32 1.39 

2) The default infiltration rate Id from ASHRAE Standard 62.2, measured in CFM, is 

I d = 0.02 * Afloor 

3) If ICFM is greater than Id, then the infiltration credit Icred can be calculated as 

I cred = 1

2 

(ICFM − I d )

Use of ASHRAE Standard 62.2-2010, Appendix A 

ASHRAE Standard 62.2-2010, includes an appendix that details an alternative compliance 

method intended for existing homes that did not meet the ASHRAE 62.2 local exhaust 

requirements when built. The strategy is to evaluate how much local exhaust deficit there is in 

each room that should have local exhaust, based on intermittent fan requirements, and 

increase the continuous primary fan flow rate to account for this deficit. This section provides 

guidance on how to determine the increase to the primary fan flow rate to comply with 

ASHRAE 62.2-2010. 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 110
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

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Per ASHRAE 62.2-2010 

•	 each bathroom should have a 50 CFM fan if used intermittently 

• each kitchen should have a 100 CFM fan if used intermittently 

For each of these rooms that does not meet these requirements 

1.	 Calculate the deficit – if there is a fan that exhausts to outside but it does not 

have the required flow, the deficit is only the difference between the required 

flow and the measured flow 

2.	 Reduce the deficit by 20 CFM for each of these rooms that have an operable 

window. 

3.	 Sum up all of the individual deficits 

4.	 Divide by 4 

5.	 Add the result to the required primary fan flow rate 

Example #1: 

•	 Kitchen has no exhaust to outside but an operable window 

•	 Bathroom #1 has no exhaust but an operable window 

•	 Bathroom #2 has a fan that moves only 32 CFM 

Deficit for kitchen is 100-20 = 80 CFM (20 CFM credit for operable window) 

Deficit for bathroom #1 is 50-20 = 30 CFM (20 CFM credit for operable window) 

Deficit for bathroom #2 is 50-32 = 18 CFM 

Sum of deficits is 80+30+18 CFM = 128 CFM 

Increase required primary fan flow rate by 128/4 = 32 CFM 

Example #2: 

•	 Kitchen has a fan to outside that moves only 60 CFM and an operable window 

•	 Bathroom #1 has a fan that moves only 20 CFM 

•	 Bathroom #2 has a fan that moves only 32 CFM 

Deficit for kitchen is 100-60-20 = 20 CFM (20 CFM credit for operable window) 

Deficit for bathroom #1 is 50-20 = 30 CFM 

Deficit for bathroom #2 is 50-32 = 18 CFM 

Sum of deficits is 20+30+18 CFM = 68 CFM 

Increase required primary fan flow rate by 68/4 = 17 CFM 

Detailed Step-by-Step Process for Determining Infiltration Credit 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 111
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

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The infiltration credit using only a blower door result, three house characteristics (floor area, 

volume, number of above-grade stories), and a factor used to account for local weather. 

The calculations that are required are for the equivalent leakage area (ELA), normalized leakage 

(NL), and Infiltration (I) at normal operating conditions. 

1) Calculation of ELA 

Q50 ELA = ∆

50n P

Pn 

2 ∆

ρ

Where Q50 = blower door leakage at 50 Pa (ft3/min @ 50 Pa (or CFM50)) 

n = house leakage curve exponent 

ΔP = reference pressure difference between inside and outside (Pa) 

ρ = density 

By assuming that n = 0.65 (experimental average value for residential houses), ΔP = 4 Pa (typical 

reference value for ELA), and the density is a constant of 1.2 kg/m3, the ELA can be rewritten as, 

and by converting all metric units to consistent inch-pound (I-P) units: 

ELA = 0.000381*Q50 (with Q50 measured as CFM50, ELA has units of ft2

) 

2) Calculation of NL 

0.3 

Where Afloor = floor area of the house (ft2) 

H = height of the house above grade (ft) 

H0 = reference height of one story = 8 ft 

The normalized leakage was developed assuming that the volume is 8 feet multiplied by the 

floor area. Using this assumption, substituting for ELA, and by assuming that the height of one 

story above grade is 8 ft, the NL can be rewritten as: 

0 

*1000 















 = H 

H 

A 

ELA NL 

floor 

( ) *048.3 50 3.0 stories 

V 

Q NL =

where V = volume of the house (ft3) 

3) Calculation of Infiltration at normal operating conditions 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 112
 

 

 

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I = NL * w 

Where w = a weather factor specific to a geographic location 

In this equation I is in air changes per hour (ACH). The weather factor can be found in a table in 

ASHRAE Standard 136. 

Once the infiltration I is determined, it can be converted to cubic feet per minute (CFM) using 

the volume of the house. 

I *V ICFM = 60 

Where ICFM = infiltration in cubic feet per minute 

60 = conversion from hours to minutes 

The infiltration rate at operating conditions, measured in CFM, can then be estimated as 

ICFM = 0.0508* w* (stories )

0.3 *Q50 

4) Calculation of ASHRAE Standard 62.2 default infiltration rate 

The default infiltration rate Id from ASHRAE Standard 62.2, measured in CFM, is 

I d = 0.02 * Afloor 

5) Determination of infiltration credit, to be credited against required primary ventilation fan 

flow 

If ICFM is greater than Id, then the infiltration credit Icred can be calculated as 

1 I cred = 2 

(ICFM − I d )

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 113
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

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V 9.21

SECTION 4: AIR SEALING 

Table of Contents 

Health and Safety 

Safe Work Practices: 1 

1) Air Sealing Worker Safety
 

2) Air Sealing Moisture Precautions
 

3) Radon
 

Attic Sealing 

Penetrations and Chases: 

4) Penetrations
 

5) Chase Sealing
 

6) Chase Capping
 

7) Pocket Door
 

Open Stairwells: 

8) Interior with Sloped Ceiling 

9) Stairwell to Attic - Door at Bottom with No Ceiling Above 

10) Stairwell to Attic - Door at Top with Finished Ceiling Above 

Dropped Ceilings and Soffits: 

11) Raised Top-Plate with Walls Open to Attic 

12) New Ceiling Below Original - Old Ceiling Intact or Repairable 

13) Above Closets and Tubs 

14) Ceiling Leaks Not Repairable – No Air Barrier Above 

15) 3-D Walls 

16) Dropped Ceiling with Light Boxes and Fixtures 

17) Dropped Soffits 

Other Ceiling Types: 

18) Tongue and Groove Ceilings
 

19) Cathedralized Attic Ceilings
 

Considerations: 

1 Appendix D – OSHA Personal Protective Equipment Standards 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 114
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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20) Regional Considerations 

Garage Sealing 

Garage Openings: 

21) Penetrations, Cracks and Doors between Garage and House 

Window and Door Sealing 

Maintenance and Repair: 

22) Double-Hung Wood Windows
 

23) Single-Unit Window and Fixed Frame with Wood Sash
 

24) Exterior Doors
 

Cracked and Broken Glass: 

25) Fixed Frame with Wood Sash — Older House 

26) Single-Unit Window, Mounted on Rough Opening — Newer House 

Replacement: 

27) Fixed Frame with Wood Sash — Older House 

28) Single-Unit Window, Mounted on Rough Opening — Newer House 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 115
Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Health and Safety 

Safe Work Practices: 

1) Air Sealing Worker Safety 

2) Air Sealing Moisture Precautions 

3) Radon 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 116
 

 

 

 

 

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V 9.21

Topic: Health and Safety 

Subtopic: Safe Work Practices 

1) Detail Name: Air Sealing Worker Safety
 

Desired Outcome:
 

• Work completed safely without injury or hazardous exposure 

Row Title Specification(s) Objectives(s) 

1 Hand protection 

Durable and wrist protecting 

gloves will be worn that can 

withstand work activity 2 

Minimize skin contact with 

contaminants 

Protect hands from sharp 

objects 

2 Respiratory protection 

Respirators appropriate for 

the contaminants present will 

be worn (e.g. N-95 or 

equivalent face mask) 3 

Minimize exposure to 

airborne contaminants (e.g. 

insulation materials, mold 

spores, feces, bacteria, 

chemicals) 

3 Electrical safety 4,5 

An electrical safety 

assessment will be performed 

All electric tools will be 

protected by Ground-Fault 

Circuit Interrupters 6 

Extension cords used with 

portable electric tools will be of 

three-wire type 

Worn or frayed electric cords 

will not be used 

Metal ladders will be avoided 

Water, such as condensate 

pans, and electrical sources 

will be kept separate 

Special precautions will be 

Avoid electrical shock and 

arc flash hazards 

2 OSHA Technical Manual Section VIII: Chapter 1, part III 

3 OSHA Technical Manual Section VIII: Chapter 2, section IV 

4 NAHB-OSHA Jobsite Safety Handbook, Second Edition: Electrical 5 29 CFR 1926 Subpart K – Electrical 6 http://www.osha.gov/SLTC/etools/construction/electrical_incidents/gfci.html - OSHA eTool 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 117
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

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V 9.21

taken if knob and tube wiring 

is present 

Aluminum foil products will 

be kept away from live wires 

4 Protective clothing 7 

If contaminants are present, 

(e.g. insulation materials) 

removable protective clothing 

will be worn 

Eye protection will always be 

worn (e.g. safety glasses, 

goggles if not using full face 

respirator) 

Protect worker from skin 

contact with contaminants 

Minimize spread of 

contaminants 

5 Confined space safety 8,9 

Access and egress points will 

be located before beginning 

work 

Inspection will be conducted 

for frayed electrical wires 

Adequate ventilation will be 

provided 

Use of toxic material will be 

reduced 

Prevent build-up of toxic or 

flammable contaminants 

Provide adequate access 

and egress 

Avoid electrical shock 

6 Power tool safety 10 

Power tools will be inspected 

and used according to 

manufacturer specifications 

to eliminate hazards 

associated with missing 

ground prongs, ungrounded 

circuits, misuse of power 

tools, noise, and improper or 

defective cords or extension 

cords 

All devices used will be 

verified as GFI protected or 

Prevent power tool injuries 

7 OSHA Technical Manual Section VIII: Chapter 1, part III 8 ASTM D4276 - 02(2007) 9 http://www.osha.gov/SLTC/confinedspaces/index.html - OSHA Confined Space Webpage 10 29 CFR 1910 Subpart P - Hand and portable powered tools and other hand-held equipment 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 118
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

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double insulated 11 

Exhaust gases from 

compressors and generators 

will be prevented from 

entering crawl space 

7 Chemical safety 

The least toxic suitable 

material will be chosen 

Chemicals will be handled 

according to manufacturer 

instructions or Material Safety 

Data Sheets standards to 

eliminate hazards associated 

with volatile organic 

compounds (VOCs), sealants, 

insulation, contaminated 

drywall, dust, foams, 

asbestos, lead and fibers 12 

Prevent worker exposure 

to toxic substances 

8 Ergonomic safety 13 

Personal Protective 

Equipment will be used (e.g. 

knee pads, bump caps, 

additional padding) 

Proper equipment will be 

used for work 

Proper lifting techniques will 

be used 

Avoid injuries from 

awkward postures, 

repetitive motions and 

improper lifting 

9 Hand tool safety Hand tools will be used for 

intended purpose 14 Reduce injuries 

10 Slips, trips and falls 15 

Caution will be used around 

power cords, hoses, tarps and 

plastic sheeting 

Precautions will be taken 

when ladders are used, when 

Eliminate injuries due to 

slips, trips and falls 

11 http://www.osha.gov/SLTC/etools/construction/electrical_incidents/gfci.html - OSHA eTool 12 29 CFR 1910 Subpart Z - Toxic and Hazardous Substances 13 http://www.osha.gov/SLTC/ergonomics/index.html - OSHA Ergonomics Webpage 14 29 CFR 1910 Subpart P - Hand and portable powered tools and other hand-held equipment 15 29 CFR 1926 Subpart M - Fall Protection 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 119
 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

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V 9.21

working at heights or when 

balancing on joists 

Walk boards will be used 

when practical 

Appropriate footwear and 

clothing will be worn 

11 Heat and thermal stress 

16 

Appropriate ventilation, 

hydration, rest breaks and 

cooling equipment will be 

used 

Dial 911 when necessary 

Reduce heat stroke, heat 

stress and cold stress 

related injuries 

12 Fire safety 

Ignition sources will be 

identified and eliminated (e.g. 

turn off pilot lights and fuel 

supply) 

Flammable material will be 

reduced and fire-rated 

materials will be used 17 

Prevent a fire hazard 

16 29 CFR 1926 Subpart C - General Safety and Health Provisions 17 Appendix D – OSHA Personal Protective Equipment Standards 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 120
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

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V 9.21

Topic: Health and Safety 

Subtopic: Safe Work Practices 

2) Detail Name: Air Sealing Moisture Precautions 

•	 Desired Outcome: Ensure durability of repairs and reduce potential for occupant 

exposure to mold and other moisture related hazards 

Row Title Specification(s) Objectives(s) 

1 Moisture precautions 

for attics 

Roof leaks will be repaired before 

performing attic air sealing or 

insulation 

Moisture sources in the house 

that can generate moisture into 

the attic will be Identified and 

removed or reduced 

Ensure durability of repairs 

Reduce potential for 

occupant exposure to mold 

and other moisture related 

hazards 

2 

Moisture precautions 

for crawl spaces and 

basements 

Exposed earth will be covered 

with a continuous, durable, 

sealed vapor retarder 

Un-designed penetrations 

between the crawl space or 

basement and outside will be 

sealed 

Ensure durability of repairs 

Reduce potential for 

occupant exposure to mold 

and other moisture related 

Holes between the crawl space 

or basement and the living space 

will be sealed 

hazards 

3 Moisture precautions 

for the living space 

Moisture sources in the home 

will be Identified and removed or 

reduced 

Local ventilation will be installed 

where appropriate (e.g., baths, 

kitchens) and vented to outside 

according to ASHRAE 62.2 

Unvented combustion appliances 

will be removed 

Ensure durability of repairs 

Reduce potential for 

occupant exposure to mold 

and other moisture related 

hazards 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 121
 

 

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If replacing air conditioning 

system, new system will be sized 

to optimize dehumidification 

Where appropriate, a properly 

sized dehumidifier will be 

installed 

4 Moisture precautions 

for exterior water 

Before insulating basement or 

crawl space walls near wet areas, 

surface water pooling near the 

foundation will be addressed by: 

• Repairing, modifying or 

replacing gutters and down 

spouts 

Minimize occupant 

exposure to moisture and 

mold 

• Grading and subsurface 

drainage at critical locations 

(e.g., localized drain and grading 

beneath valleys) according to 

EPA Indoor airPLUS Construction 

Specifications Section 1.1 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 122
 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

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V 9.21

Topic: Health and Safety 

Subtopic: Safe Work Practices 

3) Detail Name: Radon 

Desired Outcome:
 

• Work completed without increasing occupant exposure to radon 

Row Title Specification(s) Objectives(s) 

1 Radon testing and 

mitigation 

EPA guidelines for radon in 

current edition of “Healthy Indoor 

Environment Protocols for Home 

Energy Retrofits” will be followed 

18 

Complete retrofit work 

without increasing 

occupant exposure to 

radon 

18 EPA - Healthy Indoor Environment Protocols for Home Energy Retrofits 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 123
 

 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

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V 9.21

Attic Sealing 

Penetrations and Chases: 

4) Penetrations
 

5) Chase Sealing
 

6) Chase Capping
 

7) Pocket Door
 

Open Stairwells: 

8) Interior with Sloped Ceiling 

9) Stairwell to Attic - Door at Bottom with No Ceiling Above 

10) Stairwell to Attic - Door at Top with Finished Ceiling Above 

Dropped Ceilings and Soffits: 

11) Walls Open to Attic – Balloon Framing and Double Walls 

12) New Ceiling Below Original - Old Ceiling Intact or Repairable 

13) Above Closets and Tubs 

14) Ceiling Leaks Not Repairable – No Air Barrier Above 

15) 3-D Walls 

16) Dropped Ceiling with Light Boxes and Fixtures 

17) Dropped Soffits 

Other Ceiling Types: 

18) Tongue and Groove Ceilings
 

19) Cathedralized Attic Ceilings
 

Special Considerations: 

20) Regional Considerations 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 124
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Topic: Attic Sealing 

Subtopic: Attic Penetrations and Chases 

4)	 Detail Name: Penetrations and Chases 

Desired Outcome: 

•	 Penetrations and chases sealed to prevent air leakage and moisture 

movement between the attic and conditioned space 19 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Pre-inspection 

An inspection will be 

conducted for mold, water 

leaks and water damage 

before sealing a chase 

Repairs will be completed 

before work 

Repair moisture-related 

issues 

2 Backing and infill 

Backing or infill will be 

provided as needed to meet 

the specific characteristics of 

the selected material and the 

characteristics of the hole 

The infill or backing will not 

bend, sag or move once 

installed 

Minimize hole size to ensure 

successful use of sealant 

Ensure closure is permanent 

and supports any load (e.g., 

wind and insulation) 

Ensure sealant does not fall 

out 

3 Sealant selection 

Sealants will be compatible 

with their intended surfaces 

Sealants will be continuous 

and meet fire barrier 

specifications 20 

Select permanent sealant 

Ensure sealant meets or 

exceeds the performance 

characteristics of the 

surrounding materials 

4 High temperature 

application 

Only non-combustible 

materials will be used in 

contact with chimneys, vents 

and flues 21 

Prevent a fire hazard 

19 ASTM E1186 - 03(2009) 20 ASTM C834 - 10 21 ASTM E136 - 09b 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 125
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Topic: Attic Sealing 

Subtopic: Attic Penetrations and Chases 

5)	 Detail Name: Chase Capping 

Desired Outcome: 

•	 Chase capped to prevent air leakage and moisture movement between the 

attic and conditioned space 22 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Pre-inspection 

An inspection will be 

conducted for mold, water 

leaks and water damage 

before sealing a chase 

Repairs will be completed 

before work begins 

Repair moisture-related 

issues 

2 

Standard chase 

(walls covered with 

drywall or plaster) 

Entire opening will be 

spanned with rigid material 

Material will be cut to fit and 

fastened as required 

Reduce opening to what can 

be sealed with sealant 

3 

Non standard chase 

(walls covered with 

wood or paneling) 

Material will be used that can 

be exposed to the interior of 

the house 

Prevent a fire hazard 

4 Support 

Support material will be 

installed for spans wider than 

24”, except when air barrier 

material is rated to span 

greater distance under load 

(e.g., wind, insulation) 

Ensure air seal stays in place 

and does not sag 

5 Joint seal 

Continuous seal will be 

installed around seams, 

cracks, joints, edges, 

penetrations and connections 

Provide airtight, durable seal 

that does not move, bend or 

sag 

22 ASTM E1186 - 03(2009) 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 126
 

 

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6 Adjacent framing All remaining gaps at the top 

of the chase will be sealed 

Ensure airtight seal from one 

finished side of the chase to 

the other 23 

23 ASTM E1186 - 03(2009) 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 127
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Topic: Attic Sealing 

Subtopic: Open Stairwells 

6)	 Detail Name: Interior with Sloped Ceiling 

Desired Outcome: 

•	 Stairwells sealed to prevent air leakage and moisture movement between 

the attic and conditioned space 24 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Pre-inspection 

An inspection will be 

conducted for mold, water 

leaks and water damage 

before sealing an open 

stairwell 

Repairs will be completed 

before work begins 

Repair moisture-related 

issues 

2 

Standard void over 

stairwell 

(15-minute fire-rated 

material; e.g., gypsum 

lined) 

Entire opening will be 

spanned with rigid material 

Material will be cut to fit and 

fastened as required 

Prevent air leakage from wall 

to attic 25 

Reduce opening to what can 

be sealed with sealant 

Support load as required 

(e.g., wind and insulation) 

3 

Non standard void 

over stairwell 

(Surfaces around void 

are not 15-minute firerated (e.g., bookcases, 

chest of drawers), or 

lined with paneling or 

other non fire-rated 

material) 

Material will be used that can 

be exposed to the interior of 

the house 

Prevent a fire hazard 

4 Support 

Support material will be 

installed for spans wider than 

24”, except when air barrier 

material is rated to span 

greater distance under load 

Ensure air seal stays in place 

and does not sag 

24 ASTM E1186 - 03(2009) 25 ASTM E1186 - 03(2009) 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 128
 

 

 

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Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

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(e.g., wind, insulation) 

5 Joint seal 

Continuous seal will be 

installed around seams, 

cracks, joints, edges, 

penetrations and connections 

Provide airtight, durable seal 

that does not move, bend or 

sag 26 

6 Perimeter sealing 

Air barrier will be extended 

on all four sides from finished 

ceiling or existing framing to 

the new barrier 

Access will be gained as 

needed (e.g., pull flooring) 

Create a continuous air 

barrier 27 

26 ASTM E1186 - 03(2009) 27 ASTM E1186 - 03(2009) 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 129
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Topic: Attic Sealing 

Subtopic: Penetrations and Chases 

7) Detail Name: Pocket Door
 

Desired Outcome:
 

• Pocket door sealed to prevent leakage 28 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Backing and infill 

Backing or infill will be 

provided as needed to meet 

the specific characteristics of 

the selected material and the 

characteristics of the hole 

The infill will not bend, sag or 

move once installed 

Minimize hole size to ensure 

successful use of sealant 

Ensure closure is permanent 

and supports any load (e.g. 

wind and insulation) 

Ensure sealant does not fall 

out 

2 Sealant selection 

Sealants will be compatible 

with their intended surfaces 

Sealants will be continuous 

and meet fire barrier 

specifications 29 

Select permanent sealant 

Ensure sealant meets or 

exceeds the performance 

characteristics of the 

surrounding materials 

28 ASTM E1186 - 03(2009) 29 ASTM C834 - 10 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 130
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Topic: Attic Sealing 

Subtopic: Open Stairwells 

8)	 Detail Name: Stairwell to Attic - Door at Bottom with No Ceiling Above 

Desired Outcome: 

•	 Stairwell sealed to prevent air leakage and moisture movement between the 

attic and conditioned space 30 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Pre-inspection 

An inspection will be 

conducted for mold, water 

leaks and water damage 

before sealing an open 

stairwell 

Repairs will be completed 

before work begins 

Repair moisture-related 

issues 

2 

Option 1 

Bring stairwell inside 

Materials will be installed in 

line with the ceiling level with 

an airtight and operable 

insulated panel for repeated 

access 

OR 

Airtight seal will be provided 

between level of new closure 

or cap and interior ceiling 

around perimeter 

Access will be gained as 

needed (e.g., pull flooring) 

Prevent air leakage through 

stairwell between 

conditioned space and attic 31 

Support insulation 

Bring the stairwell inside of 

the thermal boundary 

Ensure the new closure ties 

into the existing air barrier on 

all sides 

3 

Option 2 

Keep stairwell outside 

An air barrier will be created 

and insulation material will 

be continuously installed 

across all surfaces of 

stairwell, including weatherstripped and insulated doors 

32 

OR 

Prevent air leakage and 

provide continuous thermal 

boundary 

Maximize thermal 

performance 

30 ASTM E1186 - 03(2009) 31 ASTM E1186 - 03(2009) 32 ASTM E1186 - 03(2009) 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 131
 

 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

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V 9.21

All cavities between stairs 

and conditioned space will be 

packed with an insulation 

material tested to resist air 

flow (e.g., walls, floors, 

landings, under stairs) 

Door will be weather stripped 

or insulated 

OR 

A combination of the above 

methods can be used 

4 Support 

Support material will be 

installed for spans wider than 

24”, except when air barrier 

material is rated to span 

greater distance under load 

(e.g., wind, insulation) 

Ensure seal stays in place and 

does not sag 

5 Joint seal 

Continuous, airtight seals will 

be provided around seams, 

cracks, joints, edges, 

penetrations and connections 

Provide airtight, durable seal 

that does not move, bend or 

sag 

6 Perimeter sealing 

Air barrier will be extended 

on all four sides from finished 

ceiling or the existing framing 

to the new barrier 

Access will be gained as 

needed (e.g., pull flooring) 

Create a continuous air 

barrier 33 

33 ASTM E1186 - 03(2009) 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 132
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Topic: Attic Sealing 

Subtopic: Sealing Open Stairwells 

9)	 Detail Name: Stairwell to Attic - Door at Bottom with No Ceiling Above 

Desired Outcome: 

•	 Stairwell sealed to prevent air leakage and moisture movement between the 

attic and conditioned space 34 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Pre-inspection 

An inspection will be 

conducted for mold, water 

leaks and water damage 

before sealing an open 

stairwell 

Repairs will be completed 

before work begins 

Repair moisture-related 

issues 

2 

Option 1 

Bring stairwell inside 

Entire opening will be 

spanned with insulated and 

rigid material in line with the 

ceiling level with an airtight 

and operable insulated 

panel for repeated access 

OR 

Airtight seal will be provided 

between level of new 

closure or cap and interior 

ceiling around perimeter 

Access will be gained as 

needed (e.g., pull flooring) 

Prevent air leakage through 

stairwell between 

conditioned space and attic 

35 

Support insulation 

Bring the stairwell inside of 

the thermal envelope 

Ensure the new closure ties 

into the existing air barrier 

on all sides 

3 

Option 2 

Keep stairwell outside 

An air barrier will be created 

and insulation material will 

be continuously installed 

across all surfaces of 

stairwell (walls and stairs), 

including weather stripped 

and insulated doors 36 

Reduce leakage and provide 

continuous thermal 

boundary 

Maximize thermal 

performance 

34 ASTM E1186 - 03(2009) 35 ASTM E1186 - 03(2009) 36 ASTM E1186 - 03(2009) 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 133
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

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OR 

All cavities between stairs 

and conditioned space will 

be packed with an insulation 

material tested to resist air 

flow (e.g., walls, floors, 

landings, under stairs) 

Door will be weather 

stripped or insulated 

OR 

A combination of the above 

methods can be used 

4 Support 

Support material will be 

installed for spans wider 

than 24” except when 

material is rated to span 

greater distance under load 

Ensure air seal stays in place 

and does not sag 

5 Joint seal 

Continuous, airtight seals 

will be provided around 

seams, cracks, joints, edges, 

penetrations and 

connections 

Provide airtight, durable seal 

that does not move, bend or 

sag 

6 Perimeter sealing 

Air barrier will be extended 

on all four sides from 

finished ceiling or the 

existing framing to the new 

barrier 

Access will be gained as 

needed (e.g., pull flooring) 

Create a continuous air 

barrier 37 

37 ASTM E1186 - 03(2009) 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 134
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Topic: Attic Sealing 

Subtopic: Open Stairwells 

10) Detail Name: Stairwell to Attic - Door at Top with Finished Ceiling Above 

Desired Outcome: 

•	 Stairwell is sealed to prevent air leakage and moisture movement between 

the attic and conditioned space 38 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Pre-inspection 

An inspection will be 

conducted for mold, water 

leaks and water damage 

before sealing an open 

stairwell 

Repairs will be completed 

before work begins 

Repair moisture-related 

issues 

2 Option 1 

Bring stairwell inside 

An airtight seal will be 

provided between level of 

new closure or cap and 

interior ceiling around 

perimeter 39 

Access will be gained as 

needed (e.g., pull flooring) 

OR 

An air barrier will be created 

and insulation material will 

be continuously installed 

across all surfaces of 

Reduce air leakage and 

provide continuous thermal 

boundary 

Maximize thermal 

performance 

stairwell, including weather 

stripped and insulated doors 

40 

OR 

All cavities between stairs 

and conditioned space will be 

38 ASTM E1186 - 03(2009) 39 ASTM E1186 - 03(2009) 40 ASTM E1186 - 03(2009) 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 135
 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

packed with an insulation 

material tested to resist air 

flow (e.g., walls, floors, 

landings, under stairs) 

Door will be weather stripped 

and insulated 

OR 

A combination of the above 

methods can be used 

3 Support 

Support material will be 

installed for spans wider than 

24”, except when air barrier 

material is rated to span 

greater distance under load 

(e.g., wind, insulation) 

Ensure air seal stays in place 

and does not sag 

4 Joint seal 

Continuous, airtight seals will 

be provided around seams, 

cracks, joints, edges, 

penetrations and connections 

Provide airtight, durable seal 

that does not move, bend or 

sag 

5 Perimeter sealing 

The air barrier will be 

extended on all four sides 

from finished ceiling or the 

existing framing to the new 

barrier 

Access will be gained as 

needed (e.g., pull flooring) 

Create a continuous air 

barrier 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 136
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Topic: Attic Sealing 

Subtopic: Dropped Ceilings and Soffits 

11) Detail Name: Walls Open to Attic – Balloon Framing and Double Walls 

Desired Outcome: 

•	 Continuous air barrier created to prevent air leakage and moisture 

movement between the attic and conditioned space 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Pre-inspection 

An inspection will be 

conducted for mold, water 

leaks and water damage 

before sealing a dropped 

ceiling or soffit 

Repairs will be completed 

before work begins 

Repair moisture-related 

issues 

2 Sealing methods 

Entire opening will be 

spanned with rigid material 

in line with the ceiling level 

Material will be cut to fit 

and fastened as required 

OR 

Wall below openings will be 

dense packed 

Sealants will be used that 

prevent visible air movement 

using chemical smoke at 50 

Pascals of pressure 

difference 41 

Prevent air leakage from wall 

cavity to attic 42 

3 Support 

Support material will be 

installed for spans wider 

than 24”, except when air 

barrier material is rated to 

span greater distance under 

load (e.g., wind, insulation) 

Ensure air seal stays in place 

and does not sag 

41 ASTM E1186 - 03(2009) 42 ASTM E1186 - 03(2009) 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 137
 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

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4 Joint Seal 

Continuous seal will be 

installed around seams, 

cracks, joints, edges, 

penetrations and 

connections 43 

Provide airtight, durable seal 

that does not move, bend or 

sag 

5 Adjacent framing All remaining gaps at the top 

of the opening will be sealed 

Ensure airtight seal from one 

finished side of the wall 

assembly to the other 44 

43 ASTM C834 - 10 44 ASTM E1186 - 03(2009) 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 138
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Topic: Attic Sealing 

Subtopic: Dropped Ceilings and Soffits 

12) Detail Name: New Ceiling Below Original - Old Ceiling Intact or Repairable 

Desired Outcome: 

•	 Continuous air barrier created to prevent air leakage and moisture 

movement between the attic and conditioned space 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Pre-inspection 

An inspection will be conducted 

for mold, water leaks and water 

damage before sealing a dropped 

ceiling or soffit 

Repairs will be completed before 

work begins 

Repair moisture-related 

issues 

2 Sealing methods 

Entire opening will be spanned 

with rigid material in line with 

the ceiling level 

Material will be cut to fit and 

fastened as required 

OR 

Side of stud bays will be sealed 

with rigid material from bottom 

of dropped ceiling to top-plate 

OR 

Wall below openings will be 

dense packed 45 

Seals will be used that prevent 

visible air movement using 

chemical smoke at 50 Pascals of 

pressure difference 46 

Prevent air leakage from 

dropped ceiling to attic 47 

45 ASTM C1015 - 06 46 ASTM E1186 - 03(2009) 47 ASTM E1186 - 03(2009) 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 139
 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

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3 Support 

Support material will be installed 

for spans wider than 24”, except 

when air barrier material is rated 

to span greater distance under 

load (e.g., wind, insulation) 

Ensure air seal stays in place 

and does not sag 

4 Joint seal 

Continuous seal will be installed 

around seams, cracks, joints, 

edges, penetrations and 

connections 48 

Provide airtight, durable seal 

that does not move, bend or 

sag 

5 Adjacent framing All remaining gaps will be sealed 

at the top of the dropped ceiling 

Provide airtight framing 

from one finished side of the 

dropped ceiling to the other 

49 

48 ASTM C834 - 10 49 ASTM E1186 - 03(2009) 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 140
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Topic: Attic Sealing 

Subtopic: Dropped Ceilings and Soffits 

13) Detail Name: Above Closets and Tubs 

Desired Outcome: 

•	 Continuous air barrier created to prevent air leakage and moisture 

movement between the attic and conditioned space 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Pre-inspection 

An inspection will be 

conducted for mold, water 

leaks and water damage 

before sealing a dropped 

ceiling or soffit 

Repairs will be completed 

before work begins 

Repair moisture-related 

issues 

2 Above closets and tubs 

Entire opening will be 

spanned with rigid material 

in line with the ceiling level 

Material will be cut to fit and 

fastened as required 

OR 

Side of stud bays will be 

sealed with rigid material 

from bottom of dropped 

ceiling to top-plate 

OR 

Wall below openings will be 

dense packed 50 

Seals will be used that 

prevent visible air 

movement using chemical 

smoke at 50 Pascals of 

pressure difference 51 

Prevent air leakage from 

dropped ceiling to attic 52 

50 ASTM C1015 - 06 51 ASTM E1186 - 03(2009) 52 ASTM E1186 - 03(2009) 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 141
 

 

 

Building Performance

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

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V 9.21

3 Support 

Support material will be 

installed for spans wider 

than 24”, except when air 

barrier material is rated to 

span greater distance under 

load (e.g., wind, insulation) 

Ensure air seal stays in 

place and does not sag 

4 Joint seal 

Continuous seal will be 

installed around seams, 

cracks, joints, edges, 

penetrations and 

connections 53 

Provide airtight, durable 

seal that does not move, 

bend or sag 

5 Adjacent framing 

All remaining gaps at the 

top of the dropped ceiling 

will be sealed 

Provide airtight framing 

from one finished side of 

the dropped ceiling to the 

other 54 

53 ASTM C834 - 10 54 ASTM E1186 - 03(2009) 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 142
 

 

 

 

• B 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Topic: Attic Sealing 

Subtopic: Dropped Ceilings and Soffits 

14) Detail Name: Ceiling Leaks Not Repairable - No Air Barrier Above 

Desired Outcome: 

•	 Continuous air barrier created to prevent air leakage and moisture 

movement between the attic and conditioned space 55 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Pre-inspection 

An inspection will be conducted 

for mold, water leaks and water 

damage before sealing a 

dropped ceiling or soffit 

Repairs will be completed 

before work begins 

Repair moisture-related 

issues 

2 Sealing methods 

Ceiling or roof and wall air and 

thermal barriers will be 

connected with a rigid airtight 

connection around the 

perimeter 56 

OR 

If ceiling will support an air 

barrier and insulation, a rigid 

airtight barrier (e.g., gypsum) 

will be attached to current 

ceiling either above or below 

OR 

Intermediate framing will be 

used to support air and thermal 

barrier 

OR 

Rigid airtight thermal barrier 

will be installed at the roof 

sheathing 

Seals will be used that prevent 

visible air movement using 

Prevent air leakage from 

dropped ceiling to attic 58 

55 ASTM E1186 - 03(2009) 56 ASTM E1186 - 03(2009) 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 143
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

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V 9.21

chemical smoke at 50 Pascals of 

pressure difference 57 

3 Support 

Support material will be 

installed for spans wider than 

24”, except when air barrier 

material is rated to span greater 

distance under load (e.g., wind, 

insulation) 

Ensure air seal stays in 

place and does not sag 

4 Joint seal 

Continuous seal will be installed 

around seams, cracks, joints, 

edges, penetrations and 

connections 59 

Provide airtight, durable 

seal that does not move, 

bend or sag 

5 Adjacent framing All remaining gaps will be sealed 

at the top of the dropped ceiling 

Provide airtight framing 

from one finished side of 

the dropped ceiling to the 

other 60 

58 ASTM E1186 - 03(2009) 57 ASTM E1186 - 03(2009) 59 ASTM C834 - 10 60 ASTM E1186 - 03(2009) 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 144
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Topic: Attic Sealing 

Subtopic: Dropped Ceilings and Soffits 

15) Detail Name: 3-D Walls 

Desired Outcome: 

•	 Continuous air barrier created to prevent air leakage and moisture 

movement between the attic and conditioned space 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Pre-inspection 

An inspection will be 

conducted for mold, water 

leaks and water damage 

before sealing a dropped 

ceiling or soffit 

Repairs will be completed 

before work begins 

Repair moisture-related 

issues 

2 Sealing methods 

Entire opening will be 

spanned with rigid material 

installed in line with the 

ceiling level 

Material will be cut to fit 

and fastened as required 

OR 

Side of stud bays will be 

sealed with rigid material 

from bottom of dropped 

ceiling to top-plate 

OR 

Wall below openings will be 

dense packed 61 

Seals will be used that 

prevent visible air 

movement using chemical 

smoke at 50 Pascals of 

Prevent air leakage from 

dropped ceiling to attic 63 

61 ASTM C1015 - 06 63 ASTM E1186 - 03(2009) 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 145
 

 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

pressure difference 62 

3 Support 

Support material will be 

installed for spans wider 

than 24” except when air 

barrier material is rated to 

span greater distance under 

load (e.g., wind, insulation) 

Ensure air seal stays in 

place and does not sag 

4 Joint Seal 

Continuous seal will be 

installed around seams, 

cracks, joints, edges, 

penetrations and 

connections 64 

Provide airtight, durable 

seal that does not move, 

bend or sag 

5 Adjacent framing 

All remaining gaps will be 

sealed at the top of the 

dropped ceiling 

Provide airtight framing 

from one finished side of 

the dropped ceiling to the 

other 65 

62 ASTM E1186 - 03(2009) 64 ASTM C834 - 10 65 ASTM E1186 - 03(2009) 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 146
 

 

 

B 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Topic: Attic Sealing 

Subtopic: Dropped Ceilings and Soffits 

16) Detail Name: Dropped Ceiling with Light Boxes and Fixtures 

Desired Outcome: 

•	 Light boxes sealed to safely prevent air leakage and moisture movement 

between the attic and conditioned space 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Pre-inspection 

An inspection will be 

conducted for mold, water 

leaks and water damage 

before sealing a dropped 

ceiling or soffit 

Repairs will be completed 

before work begins 

Repair moisture-related 

issues 

2 Light boxes 

(e.g., fluorescent lights) 

An airtight seal will be 

provided around perimeter 

between light box 

enclosure and interior 

ceiling 

All seams and penetrations 

of the enclosure will be 

sealed 

Access will be gained as 

needed (e.g., pull flooring) 

66 

Seals will be used that 

prevent visible air 

movement using chemical 

smoke at 50 Pascals of 

pressure difference 67 

Prevent air leakage 68 

66 ASTM E1186 - 03(2009) 67 ASTM E1186 - 03(2009) 68 ASTM E1186 - 03(2009) 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 147
 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

3 Non-insulation contact (IC) 

rated recessed lights 

Insulation will be kept at 

least 3” away from the top 

and side of any fixtures 69 

If dropped ceiling is to be 

filled with insulation, then a 

sealed rigid barrier 

enclosure will be installed 

to maintain a 3” clearance 

on all sides and at least 1⁄2” 

from combustible materials 

Prevent light fixture from 

overheating 

Bring the light fixture inside 

70 

Top of rigid barrier 

enclosure will be sealed 

with non-insulating rigid 

material (e.g., gypsum or 

equivalent perm rating and 

R-value) 71 

of the air barrier 

69 ASTM C1015 - 06 70 ASTM C1015 - 06 71 ASTM E1186 - 03(2009) 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 148
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Topic: Attic Sealing 

Subtopic: Dropped Ceilings and Soffits 

17) Detail Name: Dropped Soffits 

Desired Outcome: 

•	 Dropped soffits sealed to prevent air leakage and moisture movement 

between the attic and conditioned space 72 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Pre-inspection 

An inspection will be 

conducted for mold, water 

leaks and water damage 

before sealing a dropped 

ceiling or soffit 

Repairs will be completed 

before work begins 

Repair moisture-related 

issues 

2 Soffit general 

Air flow will be blocked at 

soffit in locations where 

access allows 73 

Provide continuous air 

barrier across soffit openings 

3 

Option 1 

Bring soffit inside 

(Seal at top) 

Entire opening will be 

spanned with rigid material 

in line with the ceiling level 

Material will be cut to fit and 

fasten as required 

Prevent air leakage from wall 

to attic 74 

Reduce opening to what can 

be sealed with sealant 

Support load as required 

(e.g., wind and insulation) 

Bring the soffit into the 

thermal boundary 

4 

Option 2 

Leave soffit outside 

(Seal at bottom or side) 

Each stud bay will be 

spanned with rigid material 

Prevent air leakage from wall 

to soffit 75 

Reduce opening to what can 

72 ASTM E1186 - 03(2009) 73 ASTM E1186 - 03(2009) 74 ASTM E1186 - 03(2009) 75 ASTM E1186 - 03(2009) 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 149
 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Material will be cut to fit and 

fastened as required 

OR 

Backing at each stud bay will be 

provided and will sealed 

OR 

Side of stud bays will be 

sealed with rigid material 

from bottom of soffit to topplate 

OR 

A sealed rigid barrier will be 

installed at all transitions 

be sealed with sealant 

Ensure soffit is outside of the 

thermal boundary 

5 

Soffits containing noninsulation contact (IC) 

rated recessed lights 

Insulation will be kept at 

least 3” away from the top 

and side of any fixtures 

If dropped soffit is to be 

filled with insulation, then a 

sealed rigid barrier enclosure 

will be installed to maintain 

a 3” clearance on all sides 

and at least 1⁄2” from 

combustible materials 76 

Top of rigid barrier enclosure 

will be sealed with noninsulating rigid material (e.g., 

gypsum or equivalent perm 

rating and R-value) 

Prevent light fixture from 

overheating 

Bring the light fixture inside 

of the air barrier 

76 ASTM C1015 - 06 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 150
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Topic: Attic Sealing 

Subtopic: Other Ceiling Types 

18) Detail Name: Tongue and Groove Ceilings 

Desired Outcome: 

•	 Tongue and groove ceilings sealed to prevent air leakage and moisture 

movement between the attic and conditioned space 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Pre-inspection 

An inspection will be 

conducted for mold, water 

leaks and water damage 

before sealing a tongue and 

groove ceiling 

Repairs will be completed 

before work 

Repair moisture-related 

issues 

2 Backing 

Backing will be installed 

behind tongue and groove 

ceilings 

Prevent air leakage and allow 

for sealants 

3 Sealant selection 77 

Sealants will be compatible 

with their intended surfaces 

Sealants will be continuous 

and meet fire barrier 

specifications 

No sealant will be allowed to 

be visible in the living space 

Select permanent sealant 

Ensure sealant meets or 

exceeds the performance 

characteristics of the 

surrounding materials 

Ceiling remains aesthetically 

pleasing 

77 ASTM C1193 - 09 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 151
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Topic: Attic Sealing 

Subtopic: Other Ceiling Types 

19) Detail Name: Cathedralized Attic Ceilings
 

Desired Outcome:
 

• Cathedralized attics sealed to prevent air leakage 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Pre-inspection 

An inspection will be 

conducted for mold, water 

leaks and water damage 

before sealing a 

cathedralized ceiling 

Repairs will be completed 

before work begins 

Repair moisture-related 

issues 

2 Backing and infill 

Backing or infill will be 

provided as needed to 

meet the specific 

characteristics of the 

selected material and the 

characteristics of the open 

space 

The infill or backing will not 

bend, sag or move once 

installed 

Minimize hole size to 

ensure successful use of 

sealant 

Ensure closure is 

permanent and supports 

and load (e.g., wind and 

insulation) 

Ensure sealant does not fall 

out 

3 Sealant selection 78 

Sealants will be compatible 

with their intended 

surfaces 

Sealants will be continuous 

and meet fire barrier 

specifications 

Select permanent sealant 

Ensure sealant meets or 

exceeds the performance 

characteristics of the 

surrounding materials 

78 ASTM C1193 - 09 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 152
 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Topic: Attic Sealing 

Subtopic: Special Considerations 

20) Detail Name: Regional Consideration 

Row Region Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Very Cold 

2 Cold 

Hydrophobic sealants will be 

used in all attic sealing details 

79 

Increase durability of seal 

3 Mixed Humid 

4 Hot Humid 

Plastic, foil, or any other Class 1 

vapor barrier will not be used 

80 

Avoid moisture-related 

damage to the house 

5 Marine 

Vapor permeable materials will 

be used to block and seal 

penetrations in attic 81 

Avoid moisture-related 

damage to the house 

6 Hot Dry 

79 ASTM C1193 - 09 80 ASTM E241 - 09 81 ASTM C1193 - 09 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 153
 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Garage Sealing 

Garage Openings: 

21) Penetrations, Cracks and Doors between Garage and House 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 154
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Topic: Garage Sealing 

Subtopic: Garage Openings 

21) Detail Name: Penetrations, Cracks and Doors between Garage and House 

Desired Outcome: 

• Openings from garage sealed to prevent leakage 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Penetrations 

All lighting fixtures, wiring, 

plumbing, venting , ducting 

and gas piping penetrations 

will be sealed 82 

Prevent air leakage and 

pollutant entry 

2 Cracks 

All cracks in house and garage 

separation wall will be sealed, 

including cracks between 

mud sill, rim joists, subfloors 

and bottom of gypsum board 

All cracks in ceiling surfaces 

will be sealed 83 

3 Garage to house door 

Weatherstripping, door 

sweep or threshold will be 

installed to stop air leakage 

4 Glass 

Broken glass panes in doors 

will be replaced, pointed and 

glazed where needed 

5 Carbon monoxide (CO) 

detector 

In all homes with an attached 

garage, at least one CO 

detector will be installed per 

floor 

Prevent CO exposure to 

occupants from attached 

garage 

82 ASTM C1193 - 09 83 ASTM C1193 - 09 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 155
 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Window and Door Sealing 

Maintenance and Repair: 

22) Double–Hung Wood Windows
 

23) Single-Unit Window and Fixed Frame with Wood Sash
 

24) Exterior Doors
 

Cracked and Broken Glass: 

25) Fixed Frame with Wood Sash — Older House 

26) Single-Unit Window, Mounted on Rough Opening — Newer House 

Replacement: 

27) Fixed Frame with Wood Sash — Older House 

28) Single-Unit Window, Mounted on Rough Opening — Newer House 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 156
 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Topic: Windows and Doors 

Subtopic: Maintenance and Repair 

22) Detail Name: Double-Hung Wood Windows 

Desired Outcome: 

• Windows operable and weather tight 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Lead paint 

assessment 

Presence of lead based paint 

in pre-1978 homes will be 

assumed unless testing 

confirms otherwise 

Comply with EPA’s 

Renovation, Repair and 

Painting (RRP) Program Rule 

(40 CFR Part 745) in pre-1978 

homes and proposed changes 

to this rule (Federal 

Register/Vol. 75, No. 87/ May 

6, 2010), to be superseded by 

any subsequent final 

rulemaking or any more 

stringent state or federal 

standards 

Protect worker and occupant 

from potential lead hazards 

2 Weatherstripping 

Existing weatherstripping and 

sash sealant will be removed 

Surface where the sill meets 

the sash will be cleaned 

Seal between the fixed 

components of the window 

(e.g., jambs, sill) will be 

continuous and complete 

while maintaining the 

operability of the window 

Continuous and complete 

weatherstripping will be 

installed on the bottom of the 

Form a complete seal from the 

outer edge of the sash to the 

jamb 

Maintain operability of the 

window 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 157
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

lower sash where it makes 

contact with the sill and at 

the top of the upper sash 

where it makes contact with 

the upper part of the window 

frame 

3 Sash locks 

Locks will be installed so that 

the rails of the upper and 

lower sashes are flush and in 

full contact 

No gaps will be visible 

between the two sashes 

Form a secure connection 

between the two sashes 

Locks will be installed to 

achieve compression of the 

two sashes 

4 Replacement sills 

Beveled sill will be flush with 

interior wall and sloped to the 

exterior 

Seams will be continuously 

and completely sealed with 

sealant to the jambs and to 

the frame 

Sill will be water-sealed and 

primed 

Form a complete seal from the 

bottom of the lower sash to 

the sill 

Maintain operability of the 

window 

Allow for drainage to the 

exterior 

5 Sash replacement 

Lower sash will have the same 

bevel on the bottom rail as 

the sill 

The sash will be water-sealed 

and primed 

Ensure sash remains in a fixed 

position when open or 

partially open 

Maintain operability of the 

window 

6 Adjust stops 

Stops will be adjusted to 

eliminate visible gaps 

between the stops and the 

jamb while maintaining 

operability of the window 

Form a complete seal between 

the jamb, sash and stop 

Maintain operability of the 

window 

7 Replace stops 

Stops will be installed to keep 

the window securely in place 

Stops will be adjusted to 

Form a complete seal between 

the jamb, sash and stop 

Maintain operability of the 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 158
 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

eliminate visible gaps window 

between the stops and the 

jamb while maintaining 

operability of the window 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 159
 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Topic: Windows and Doors 

Subtopic: Maintenance and Repair 

23) Detail Name: Single-Unit Window and Fixed Frame with Wood Sash 

Desired Outcome: 

• Windows operable and weather tight 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Lead paint 

assessment 

Presence of lead based paint 

in pre-1978 homes will be 

assumed unless testing 

confirms otherwise 

Comply with EPA’s 

Renovation, Repair and 

Painting (RRP) Program Rule 

(40 CFR Part 745) in pre-1978 

homes and proposed changes 

to this rule (Federal 

Register/Vol. 75, No. 87/ May 

6, 2010), to be superseded by 

any subsequent final 

rulemaking or any more 

stringent state or Federal 

standards 

Protect worker and occupant 

from potential lead hazards 

2 Operable windows 

All egress windows will be 

operable as required by local 

codes 

Ensure all egress windows are 

operable 

3 Air infiltration 

Details that reduce air 

infiltration will be repaired, 

replaced or installed (e.g., 

new latch for meeting rail 

connection, pulley seals, rope 

caulking for other cracks, 

interior storm windows) 

Reduce air infiltration 

4 Water infiltration 

Details that reduce water 

infiltration will be repaired, 

replaced or installed (e.g., 

replace missing glazing 

Reduce water infiltration 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 160
 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

compound on sash, exterior 

caulking, exterior storm 

windows) 

5 Occupant education 

and maintenance 

Occupants will be notified of 

changes or repairs made and 

educated on how to operate 

and maintain window 

Ensure long-term weather 

tightness 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 161
 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Topic: Windows and Doors 

Subtopic: Maintenance and Repair 

24) Detail Name: Exterior Doors
 

Desired Outcome:
 

• Doors operable and weather tight 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Lead paint 

assessment 

Presence of lead based paint 

in pre-1978 homes will be 

assumed unless testing 

confirms otherwise 

Comply with EPA’s 

Renovation, Repair and 

Painting (RRP) Program Rule 

(40 CFR Part 745) in pre-1978 

homes and proposed changes 

to this rule (Federal 

Register/Vol. 75, No. 87/ May 

6, 2010), to be superseded by 

any subsequent final 

rulemaking or any more 

stringent state or Federal 

standards 

Protect worker and occupant 

from potential lead hazards 

2 Door operation and 

fit 

The door will be adjusted to 

properly fit the jamb and 

allow for ease of operation 

(e.g., hinge replacement, replane door, door strike 

adjustment) 

Ensure proper operation of 

the door 

3 Air infiltration 

Details that reduce air 

infiltration will be repaired, 

replaced or installed (e.g., 

weatherstripping, door 

bottoms, trim replacement 

with foam) 

Reduce air infiltration 

4 Water infiltration 

Details that reduce water 

infiltration will be repaired, 

replaced or installed (e.g., 

adjust threshold, caulk jamb 

Reduce water infiltration 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 162
 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

to threshold, caulk trim, 

flashing) 

5 Occupant education 

and maintenance 

Occupants will be notified of 

changes or repairs made and 

educated on how to operate 

and maintain 

weatherstripping and caulk 

around door and trim 

Ensure long-term weather 

tightness 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 163
 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Topic: Windows and Doors 

Subtopic: Cracked and Broken Glass 

25) Detail Name: Fixed Frame with Wood Sash — Older House 

Desired Outcome: 

• Glass complete and intact 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Lead paint 

assessment 

Presence of lead based paint 

in pre-1978 homes will be 

assumed unless testing 

confirms otherwise 

Comply with EPA’s 

Renovation, Repair and 

Painting (RRP) Program Rule 

(40 CFR Part 745) in pre-1978 

homes and proposed changes 

to this rule (Federal 

Register/Vol. 75, No. 87/ May 

6, 2010), to be superseded by 

any subsequent final 

rulemaking or any more 

stringent state or Federal 

standards 

Protect worker and occupant 

from potential lead hazards 

2 Broken glass removal 

Putty and push points will be 

removed 

Broken or cracked glass will 

be removed 

Safely remove old glass 

3 Sash preparation Opening will be cleaned Prepare opening for new glass 

4 New glass installation 

Glass will be sized 1/8” to 

3/16’’ smaller than opening to 

allow for movement of frame 

Safety glass will be installed 

as required by local codes 

Push points will be provided 

on each side to secure glass in 

Ensure glazing compound will 

adhere to sash 

Install, seal and secure new 

glass in place 

Allow glazing compound to 

harden to ensure secure 

installation 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 164
 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

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V 9.21

frame 

Sash will be primed before 

installing new glass 

A glazing compound will be 

added 

Glazing compound will be 

allowed to set for 24 hours 

before cleaning or applying 

pressure 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 165
 

 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Topic: Windows and Doors 

Subtopic: Cracked and Broken Glass 

26) Detail Name: Single-Unit Window, Mounted on Rough Opening — Newer House 

Desired Outcome: 

• Glass complete and intact 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Lead paint 

assessment 

Presence of lead based paint 

in pre-1978 homes will be 

assumed unless testing 

confirms otherwise 

Comply with EPA’s 

Renovation, Repair and 

Painting (RRP) Program Rule 

(40 CFR Part 745) in pre-1978 

homes and proposed changes 

to this rule (Federal 

Register/Vol. 75, No. 87/ May 

6, 2010), to be superseded by 

any subsequent final 

rulemaking or any more 

stringent state or Federal 

standards 

Protect worker and occupant 

from potential lead hazards 

2 Broken glass removal Window stops and damaged 

glass will be removed Safely remove old glass 

3 Opening preparation 

Opening will be cleaned 

Glazing tape will be removed 

or replaced 

Prepare opening for new glass 

4 New glass installation 

Replacement glass will be 

sized to original width, height 

and depth 

Stops will be replaced or 

installed 

Wood stops will be sealed to 

glass with appropriate sealant 

Install, seal and secure new 

glass in place 

Allow glazing compound to 

harden to ensure secure 

installation 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 166
 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

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V 9.21

Glass will be selected with 

comparable tint and coating 

(color and look) 

Safety glass will be installed 

as required by local codes 

Glazing compound will be 

allowed to set for 24 hours 

before cleaning or applying 

pressure 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 167
 

 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Topic: Windows and Doors 

Subtopic: Replacement 

27) Detail Name: Fixed Frame with Wood Sash — Older House 

Desired Outcome: 

• Replacement window provides weathertight fit 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Lead paint 

assessment 

Presence of lead based paint 

in pre-1978 homes will be 

assumed unless testing 

confirms otherwise 

Comply with EPA’s 

Renovation, Repair and 

Painting (RRP) Program Rule 

(40 CFR Part 745) in pre-1978 

homes and proposed changes 

Protect worker and occupant 

from potential lead hazards 

to this rule (Federal 

Register/Vol. 75, No. 87/ May 

6, 2010), to be superseded by 

any subsequent final 

rulemaking or any more 

stringent state or Federal 

standards 

2 Opening preparation 

Interior stops, sashes, parting 

strips and pulleys will be 

removed 

Opening will be cleaned 

Provide a clean opening for 

replacement window unit 

3 Replacement window 

installation 

New window will be adjusted 

to allow for good fit and finish 

as well as proper operation 

Weight pockets will be sealed 

and insulated 

Ensure replacement window 

operates properly 

Ensure replacement window 

Gaps between the new 

window and existing frame 

will be sealed with low 

expanding foam 

has a weathertight fit 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 168
 

 

 

 

 

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Window will be secured with 

stops 

Gap between the bottom of 

the replacement window and 

exterior sill will be filled with 

trim 

Replacement window will be 

caulked to exterior stops 

4 Safety 

Egress windows and safety 

glass will be installed as 

required by local codes 

Meet all codes when replacing 

windows 

5 Occupant education 

and maintenance 

Occupants will be notified of 

changes or repairs made and 

educated on how to operate 

and maintain window 

Ensure long-term weather 

tightness 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 169
 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

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V 9.21

Topic: Windows and Doors 

Subtopic: Replacement 

28) Detail Name: Single-Unit Window, Mounted on Rough Opening — Newer House 

Desired Outcome: 

• Replacement window provides weathertight fit 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Lead paint 

assessment 

Presence of lead based paint 

in pre-1978 homes will be 

assumed unless testing 

confirms otherwise 

Comply with EPA’s 

Renovation, Repair and 

Painting (RRP) Program Rule 

(40 CFR Part 745) in pre-1978 

homes and proposed changes 

Protect worker and occupant 

from potential lead hazards 

to this rule (Federal 

Register/Vol. 75, No. 87/ May 

6, 2010), to be superseded by 

any subsequent final 

rulemaking or any more 

stringent state or Federal 

standards 

2 Opening preparation 

Replacement window will be 

laid out with trim 

Exterior trim will be removed, 

or exterior siding will be cut 

back to fit new window with 

trim 

Existing window will be 

removed 

Window opening will be 

flashed according accepted 

industry standards 

Provide a clean and properly 

flashed opening for 

replacement window unit 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 170
 

 

 

 

 

 

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3 Replacement unit 

preparation 

Mounting detail will be 

determined based on depth 

of window and location of 

window liner 

Allow for good fit and finish of 

replacement window 

4 Replacement window 

installation 

Replacement window will 

integrated with flashing 

Gaps between the new 

window and existing frame 

will be sealed with low 

expanding foam 

Proper operation, fit and 

finish will be checked 

Adjustments will be made as 

necessary 

Replacement window will be 

secured with fasteners 

according to accepted 

Ensure replacement window 

operates properly 

Ensure replacement window is 

weather tight 

industry standards 

New window trim will be back 

caulked to exterior sheathing 

New window trim will be 

caulked to siding and window 

frame 

Interior details will be caulked 

as necessary 

5 Safety 

Egress windows and safety 

glass will be installed as 

required by local codes 

Meet all codes when replacing 

windows 

6 Occupant education 

and maintenance 

Occupant will be notified of 

changes or repairs made and 

educated on how to operate 

and maintain window 

Ensure long-term weather 

tightness 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 171
 

 

 

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SECTION 5: HEATING AND COOLING 

Table of Contents 

Health and Safety 

Safe Work Practices: 

1 

1) Heating and Cooling Worker Safety 

Forced Air 

Design: 

2) Load Calculation and Equipment Selection
 

3) Ductwork and Termination Design
 

Equipment Installation: 

4) Preparation for New Equipment
 

5) Fuel Delivery System for Fuel Oil
 

6) Fuel Delivery System for Natural Gas and Propane
 

7) Setting of Air Handler
 

8) Duct System
 

9) Heating and Cooling Controls
 

10) Venting System
 

11) Condensate Drainage of Heating and Air Conditioning Equipment
 

12) Regional Considerations
 

Commissioning of Equipment: 

13) Leak Detection
 

14) Data Plate Verification
 

15) Venting System
 

16) Combustion Analysis
 

17) Air Flow
 

18) Electrical Service
 

19) Refrigerant Line Inspection
 

20) Sequence of Operation
 

21) Occupant Education
 

22) Evaporative Cooler Maintenance and Repairs
 

23) Regional Considerations
 

1 Appendix D – OSHA Personal Protective Equipment Standards 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 172
 

 

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Ducts 

Duct Sealing: 

24) Preparation and Mechanical Fastening 

25) Support 

26) Sealing System 

27) Proprietary Spray Application 

28) Sealing System Components 

29) Return – Framed Platform 

30) Dual Cooling Up Ducts 

31) Removing Supply Vents From Garages 

Duct Insulation: 

32) Insulating Flex Ducts
 

33) Insulating Metal Ducts
 

Hydronic Heating 

Design: 

34) Heat Load Calculation – Whole House 

35) Space Load Calculation – Heat Emitter Sizing 

Equipment: 

36) Boiler – Pressure Relief Safety Valve
 

37) Boiler Replacement – Gas and Oil
 

38) Controls – Thermostat Replacement
 

Maintenance: 

39) Gas Boiler – Annual Service
 

40) Checklist
 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 173
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Health and Safety 

Safe Work Practices: 

1) Heating and Cooling Worker Safety 

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Topic: Health and Safety 

Subtopic: Safe Work Practices 

1) Detail Name: Heating and Cooling Worker Safety
 

Desired Outcome:
 

• Work completed safely without injury or hazardous exposure 

Row Title Specification(s) Objectives(s) 

1 Hand protection 

Durable and wrist protecting 

gloves will be worn that can 

withstand work activity 

Thermal gloves will be worn 

when dealing with liquid 

nitrogen 2 

Minimize skin contact with 

contaminants 

Protect hands from sharp 

objects 

2 Respiratory 

protection 

Respirators appropriate for the 

contaminants present will be 

worn (e.g., N-95 or equivalent 

face mask) 3 

Minimize exposure to airborne 

contaminants (e.g., insulation 

materials, mold spores, feces, 

bacteria, chemicals) 

3 Electrical safety 4,5 

An electrical safety assessment 

will be performed 

All electric tools will be protected 

by Ground-Fault Circuit 

Interrupters 6 

Extension cords used with 

portable electric tools will be of 

three-wire type 

Worn or frayed electric cords will 

not be used 

Metal ladders will be avoided 

Water, such as condensate 

Avoid electrical shock and arc 

flash hazards 

2 OSHA Technical Manual Section VIII: Chapter 1, part III 

3 OSHA Technical Manual Section VIII: Chapter 2, section IV 4 NAHB-OSHA Jobsite Safety Handbook, Second Edition: Electrical 5 29 CFR 1926 Subpart K – Electrical 6 http://www.osha.gov/SLTC/etools/construction/electrical_incidents/gfci.html - OSHA eTool 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 175
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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pans, and electrical sources will 

be kept separate 

Special precautions will be taken 

to avoid electrical shock if knob 

and tube wiring is present 

For arc flash hazards, NFPA 70E 

will be consulted 

4 Protective clothing 

If contaminants are present, 

(e.g., ,insulation materials) 

removable protective clothing 

will be worn 7 

Eye protection will be worn 

(e.g., ,safety glasses, goggles if 

not using full face respirator) 

Long sleeves and long pants 

may be worn as additional 

protection from liquid nitrogen 

and other skin hazards 

Protect worker from skin 

contact with contaminants 

(e.g., insulation materials) 

Minimize spread of 

contaminants 

5 Confined space 

safety 8,9 

Access and egress points will be 

located before beginning work 

Inspection will be conducted for 

frayed electrical wires 

Adequate ventilation will be 

Prevent build-up of toxic or 

flammable contaminants 

Provide adequate access and 

egress 

provided 

Use of toxic material will be 

reduced 

Avoid electrical shock 

7 OSHA Technical Manual Section VIII: Chapter 1, part III 

8 ASTM D4276 - 02(2007) 9 http://www.osha.gov/SLTC/confinedspaces/index.html - OSHA Confined Space Webpage 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 176
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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6 Power tool safety 

10 

Power tools will be inspected 

and used in accordance with 

manufacturer specifications to 

eliminate hazards associated 

with missing ground prongs, 

ungrounded circuits, and misuse 

of power tools, noise, and 

improper or defective cords or 

extension cords 

All devices used will be verified 

as GFI protected or double 

insulated 

Prevent power tool injuries 

7 Chemical safety 

The least toxic suitable material 

will be chosen 

Chemicals will be handled 

according to manufacturer 

specifications or Material Safety 

Data Sheet (MSDS) standards to 

eliminate hazards associated 

with volatile organic compounds 

(VOCs), sealants, insulation, 

contaminated drywall, dust, 

foams, asbestos, lead, mercury, 

fibers and oil tank mercury 11 

Prevent worker exposure to 

toxic substances 

8 Ergonomic safety 

12 

Proper equipment will be used 

for work 

Proper lifting techniques will be 

used 

Personal Protective Equipment 

will be used (e.g., knee pads, 

bump caps, additional padding) 

Avoid injuries from awkward 

postures, repetitive motions 

and improper lifting 

9 Hand tool safety Hand tools will be used for 

intended purpose 13 Reduce injuries 

10 29 CFR 1910 Subpart P - Hand and portable powered tools and other hand-held equipment 11 29 CFR 1910 Subpart Z - Toxic and Hazardous Substances 12 http://www.osha.gov/SLTC/ergonomics/index.html - OSHA Ergonomics Webpage 13 29 CFR 1910 Subpart P - Hand and portable powered tools and other hand-held equipment 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 177
 

 

 

 

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10 Slips, trips and 

falls 14 

Caution will be used around 

power cords, hoses, tarps and 

plastic sheeting 

Precautions will be taken when 

working on ladders, when 

working at heights or balancing 

on joists 

Walk boards will be used when 

practical 

Appropriate footwear and 

clothing will be worn 

Eliminate injuries due to slips, 

trips and falls 

11 Heat and thermal 

stress 15 

Appropriate ventilation, 

hydration, rest breaks and 

cooling equipment will be 

provided 

Dial 911 when necessary 

Reduce heat stroke, heat stress 

and cold stress related injuries 

12 Prevention 

through design 

Design will be incorporated to 

eliminate or minimize hazards 

(e.g., material selection, access 

to equipment for installation 

and maintenance, placement of 

equipment, duct work and 

condensate lines) 16 

Reduce worker injuries and 

exposure to toxic substances 

and physical hazards 

14 29 CFR 1926 Subpart M - Fall Protection 15 29 CFR 1926 Subpart C - General Safety and Health Provisions 16 29 CFR 1926 Subpart C - General Safety and Health Provisions 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 178
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Forced Air 

Design: 

2) Load Calculation and Equipment Selection
 

3) Ductwork and Termination Design
 

Equipment Installation: 

4) Preparation for New Equipment 

5) Fuel Delivery System for Fuel Oil 

6) Fuel Delivery System for Natural Gas and Propane 

7) Setting of Air Handler 

8) Duct System 

9) Heating and Cooling Controls 

10) Venting System 

11) Condensate Drainage of Heating and Air Conditioning Equipment 

12) Regional Considerations 

Commissioning of Equipment: 

13) Leak Detection
 

14) Data Plate Verification
 

15) Venting System
 

16) Combustion Analysis
 

17) Air Flow
 

18) Electrical Service
 

19) Refrigerant Line Inspection
 

20) Sequence of Operation
 

21) Occupant Education
 

22) Evaporative Cooler Maintenance and Repairs
 

23) Regional Considerations
 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 179
 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

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V 9.21

Topic: Forced Air 

Subtopic: Design 

2) Detail Name: Load Calculation and Equipment Selection 

Desired Outcome: 

• Equipment sized properly and operates efficiently 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Load calculation: 

Heat loss or gain 17 

Heat loss or gain of the house 

will be calculated considering 

the following: 

• R-Values of building 

components 

• U-Value and Solar Heat 

Gain Coefficient (SHGC) of 

glazing 

• Orientation and exterior 

shading of glazing 

• Duct heat loss or gain 

• Infiltration 

• Ventilation 

• Internal gains 

Room-by-room calculations 

will be performed when 

installing new duct systems or 

in retro-commission projects 

Accurately calculate 

sensible and latent load for 

the house 

Properly size equipment 

for load 

2 

Load calculation: 

Design conditions for 

single-stage or singlespeed equipment 18 

Interior design conditions will 

be selected based on occupant 

preferences and lifestyle 

17 ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 90.2-2007 

18ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 90.2-2007 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 180
 

 

 

 

 

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Exterior design conditions will 

be appropriate for regional 

weather conditions 

In all cases of dry climates, the 

cooling design temperature 

will be set to the mean 

extreme temperature 

In all cases of humid climates, 

the cooling design 

temperature will be set to less 

than 1% 

3 

Load calculation: 

Design conditions for 

multi-stage, variablespeed equipment 19 

Interior design conditions will 

be selected based on occupant 

preferences and lifestyle 

Exterior design conditions will 

be appropriate for regional 

weather conditions 

In all cases of dry climates, the 

cooling design temperature 

will be set to the mean 

Accurately calculate 

sensible and latent load for 

the house 

Properly size equipment 

for load 

extreme temperature 

In all cases of humid climates, 

the cooling design 

temperature will be set to less 

than 1% 

4 

Equipment selection: 

Air conditioning and heat 

pumps in humid 

climates 20 

Equipment capable of meeting 

the sensible and latent load of 

the house will be selected 

using the detailed capacity 

tables provided by the 

manufacturer 

Equipment will not be sized by 

more than 115% of total load 

or next available size 

Ensure equipment is able 

to heat, cool and 

dehumidify the house 

19 ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 90.2-2007 20 ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 90.2-2007 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 181
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

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5 Equipment selection: 

Heat pumps 21 

In heating dominated climates 

and where need for summer 

dehumidification is minimal, 

equipment will be selected to 

provide a balance point near 

30° 

Use the lowest capacity 

cooling equipment required to 

cool the house 

Balance point will be 

calculated using the detailed 

capacity tables provided by 

the manufacturer 

Maximize heating potential 

of the compressor 

6 

Equipment selection: 

Furnaces with air 

conditioning 22 

The smallest capacity heating 

equipment will be selected 

that is capable of meeting the 

heating load and providing the 

air movement required by the 

air conditioning 

The lowest capacity cooling 

equipment required to cool 

the house will be used 

Equipment meets the 

heating load of the house 

Equipment moves required 

air for air conditioning 

7 

Equipment selection: 

Furnaces only (no air 

conditioning) 23 

The smallest capacity heating 

equipment will be selected 

that is capable of meeting the 

heating load 

Equipment meets the 

heating load of the house 

8 

Equipment selection: 

Single-speed, multipletap blower 24 

Equipment will be selected 

that can move desired cooling 

cubic feet per minute (CFM) at 

medium speed 

Equipment moves required 

air for air conditioning 

21 ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 90.2-2007 22 ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 90.2-2007 23 ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 90.2-2007 24 ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 90.2-2007 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 182
 

 

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Equipment will be selected 

9 Equipment selection: 

Variable speed blower 25 

that can move desired cooling 

CFM with no greater than 0.8 

inches of water column (IWC) 

external static pressure 

25 ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 90.2-2007 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 183
 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

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V 9.21

Topic: Forced Air 

Subtopic: Design 

3) Detail Name: Ductwork and Termination Design
 

Desired Outcome:
 

• Efficient air flow to all rooms ensured by proper ductwork 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Sizing 

Ducts will be sized using 

friction charts 26 

A friction rate of 0.08 inches 

of water column (IWC) for 

supplies and 0.06 IWC for 

returns is recommended 

Minimize static pressure 

Maximize air flow 

2 Air handler to return plenum 

connections 

Radius elbow fittings or 

square fittings with turning 

vanes will be used to direct 

return air when a 90° turn is 

required 27 

3 Air handler to supply plenum 

Radius elbow fittings or 

square fittings with turning 

vanes will be installed to 

direct supply air 28 

4 Reducers 

Reducers between sections of 

different size duct will be a 

minimum of 18” in length 

5 Supply branch run outs Runs will be installed as short 

as possible 29 

26 2009 ASHRAE Handbook - Fundamentals (I-P Edition) 27 2009 ASHRAE Handbook - Fundamentals (I-P Edition) 28 2009 ASHRAE Handbook - Fundamentals (I-P Edition) 29 2009 ASHRAE Handbook - Fundamentals (I-P Edition) 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 184
 

 

 

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6 Boots 

If using flexible duct with 

straight boots, duct will be 

connected to boot with no 

bend 

A rigid elbow will be used 

when a flexible duct changes 

direction 

7 Supply terminations 

Terminations will be selected 

that are capable of delivering 

air with proper speed and 

throw of 80-120% of the 

farthest wall, floor or ceiling 

For stamped metal 

terminations, opening of 

boot-to-space connection will 

be 40% larger than duct cross 

section 

8 Return grille sizing 

Grille gross area will be equal 

to or larger than return box 

Return box will be bigger 

than return duct 

9 Dampers 

Dampers will be installed as 

close to the trunk as possible 

Dampers will be adjusted 

after interior finishes are 

installed 

10 Flexible ducts 

Flexible ducts will not be bent 

more than 45° without rigid 

elbow 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 185
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11 Take-offs 

Field-fabricated take-offs will 

not be used 

Take-offs that create 

turbulence will not be used 

(e.g., elbows with integrated 

dampers, scoops) 

Take-offs will be installed 

onto the trunk according to 

duct construction standards 

12 Plenum to trunk connection 

The first connection on 

supply side will be installed 

with a total equivalent length 

of less than 45’ 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 186
 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

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V 9.21

Topic: Forced Air 

Subtopic: Equipment Installation 

4) Detail Name: Preparation for New Equipment 

Desired Outcome: 

• Existing equipment removed safely and lawfully 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Access 

A code-compliant walkway 

and service platform will be 

installed in attics, if not 

present 

The walkway and platform 

will be above the level of 

insulation 30 

Ensure new equipment can 

be installed and serviced 

2 Utility disconnect Electricity and fuel will be 

turned off 31,32 

Protect workers and 

occupants from injury 

3 Refrigerant recovery 

Refrigerant will be 

recovered in accordance 

with 40CFR 608 (EPA) 33 

Comply with “Safe Handling 

of Refrigerant Law” 

Protect workers and 

occupants from injury 

4 Equipment disconnection 

Refrigerant lines, plumbing, 

ducts, electric, control 

wires, vents and fuel supply 

will be disconnected 

Ensure equipment can be 

removed 

30 29 CFR 1926 Subpart M - Fall Protection 31 NAHB-OSHA Jobsite Safety Handbook, Second Edition: Electrical 32 29 CFR 1926 Subpart K – Electrical 33 40 CFR 82.154 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 187
 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

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V 9.21

5 Removal 

Equipment will be removed 

(e.g., furnace, air handler, 

evaporator, condensing 

unit) 

Equipment will be removed 

from space without 

damaging property and 

disturbing or compressing 

the insulation 

Provide room to install new 

equipment and work safely 

Comply with applicable 

disposal laws 

Equipment will be disposed 

of lawfully 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 188
 

 

 

 

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V 9.21

Topic: Forced Air 

Subtopic: Equipment Installation 

5) Detail Name: Fuel Delivery System for Fuel Oil 

Desired Outcome: 

• Fuel oil delivered safely and sufficiently 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Material and support 34 

An approved pipe type in 

accordance with NFPA will 

be installed and supported 

Manual oil shut-off valve, 

union joint and filter fitting 

will be installed or presence 

verified 

Prevent corrosion 

Deliver fuel to system 

Ensure material does not 

sag or leak 

2 Line connections 35 

Approved connectors for 

line fittings will be used 

Approved filter fittings will 

be used 

Install oil lines with no leaks 

34 NFPA 31: Standard for the Installation of Oil-Burning Equipment 35 NFPA 31: Standard for the Installation of Oil-Burning Equipment 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 189
 

 

 

 

 

 

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V 9.21

Topic: Forced Air 

Subtopic: Equipment Installation 

6) Detail Name: Fuel Delivery System for Natural Gas and Propane 

Desired Outcome: 

• Natural gas and propane delivered safely and in sufficient amount 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Material and support 36 

An approved pipe type in 

accordance with NFPA will 

be installed and supported 

Manual gas shut-off valve, 

union joint and drip leg will 

be verified or installed 

Prevent corrosion 

Deliver fuel to system 

Ensure material does not 

sag or leak 

2 Size 37 

Gas pipes (house main and 

equipment drops) will be 

installed for the total 

connected load of all 

appliances in accordance 

with NFPA 

Provide sufficient gas flow 

and pressure to all 

appliances 

3 Sealant 38 

Pipes will be sealed with an 

approved fastening process 

and sealant according to 

manufacturer specifications 

Gas lines will be leak free 

when tested with an 

electronic combustible gas 

leak detector and verified 

with bubble solution 

OR 

Gas lines will be leak free 

when tested by local codes 

approved standing pressure 

test 

Install gas lines with no 

leaks 

36 NFPA 54/ANSI/AGA Z223.1 National Fuel Gas Code 37 NFPA 54/ANSI/AGA Z223.1 National Fuel Gas Code 38 NFPA 54/ANSI/AGA Z223.1 National Fuel Gas Code 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 190
 

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A secondary gas valve Detect accumulation of 

4 Safety devices for propane safety detector will be 

installed for propane piping 

dangerous levels of 

propane in below grade 

installed below grade 39 areas 

39 NFPA 54/ANSI/AGA Z223.1 National Fuel Gas Code 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 191
 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

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V 9.21

Topic: Forced Air 

Subtopic: Equipment Installation 

7) Detail Name: Setting of Air Handler
 

Desired Outcome:
 

• Air handler set properly in an appropriate place 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Location Equipment will be installed in 

a dry location 

Prevent rust and corrosion 

Protect equipment from bulk 

water and moisture 

2 Clearance 40 

Equipment will be installed 

with proper clearances 

according to manufacturer 

specifications and local codes 

Alternative locations will be 

considered for equipment 

when existing locations are 

not suitable 

Ensure equipment has 

proper clearances for fire 

risk and accessibility 

Ensure equipment operates 

as designed 

3 Connections 41 

Equipment will be installed so 

connections allow proper 

operation of the equipment 

and accessibility (e.g., 

electrical service, condensate 

drains, ductwork, fuel, 

venting, refrigerant lines) 

Ensure connections do not 

interfere with operation and 

service of equipment 

4 Support: 

Horizontal air flow, attic 

Equipment will be supported 

with a platform or suspended 

with threaded rod according 

to manufacturer 

specifications and local codes 

Ensure equipment is stable, 

level and does not transmit 

vibration 

40 NFPA 90B 41 NFPA 90B 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 192
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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5 

Support: 

Horizontal air flow, 

basement or crawl 

space 

Equipment will be supported 

with a non-wicking, fireproof 

material or suspended with 

threaded rod according to 

manufacturer specifications 

and local codes 

Avoid compressing or 

disturbing attic insulation 

6 Support: 

Up flow on a platform 

Equipment will be supported 

on non-flammable material 

capable of supporting the 

weight of the equipment 

The air handler opening will 

be free of obstructions 

Properly support equipment 

Prevent a fire hazard 

Ensure platform does not 

impede airflow 

7 Support: 

Down flow 

Equipment will be supported 

on ductwork capable of 

supporting the weight of the 

equipment 

Equipment will be supported 

on ductwork with rigid 

exterior insulation fastened 

to the ductwork 

Properly support equipment 

Protect equipment from 

moisture damage 

Reduce heat loss 

8 Sealing 42 

Gaps larger than 1⁄4” between 

air handler and adjoining 

ductwork or equipment (e.g., 

evaporator coil, filter rack) 

will be bridged with sheet 

metal 

Joints will be sealed with 

mastic and fiberglass mesh 

Joints will be sealed to 

eliminate all gaps with NFPA 

90A and B approved sealant 

Ensure air handler does not 

leak air 

Ensure sealing is durable 

Do not increase resistance to 

air flow 

9 

Drainage: 

Attics and conditioned 

space 

A secondary drain pan will be 

installed beneath the 

equipment with proper pitch 

and float switch 

Prevent water damage 

42 SMACNA HVAC Duct Construction Standard 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 193
 

 

 

 

 

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Topic: Forced Air 

Subtopic: Equipment Installation 

8) Detail Name: Duct System
 

Desired Outcome:
 

• The duct system safely supports peak operation of equipment 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 

Location: 

Inside (supply ducts) 

Duct section located 

completely within the 

thermal barrier of the house 

Duct material will be 

selected with an insulation 

level and permeability that 

prevents condensation 43 

Prevent condensation on 

the outside of the 

ductwork 

2 

Location: 

Outside 

Duct section located outside 

of the thermal barrier of the 

house or in quasiconditioned spaces 

Duct material will be 

selected that meets the 

following criteria: 

• A minimum insulation 

level of R-8 

• Permeability that 

prevents condensation 

• Permeability that 

reduces heat loss or gain 

from the ductwork 44 

Prevent condensation on 

the outside of the 

ductwork 

Reduce thermal loss or 

gain from the ductwork 

3 Fire rating 

Ducts will be installed in 

accordance with the fire 

rating of local codes 45 

Prevent a fire hazard 

4 Support 46 

Ductwork will be supported 

in a manner that does not 

constrict ductwork or duct 

insulation per SMACNA 

duct construction 

standards, ADC for flexible 

duct or NAIMA for 

Ensure ducts do not sag, 

bend, trap water or 

experience diminished air 

flow 

43 SMACNA HVAC Duct Construction Standard 44 SMACNA HVAC Duct Construction Standard 45 SMACNA HVAC Duct Construction Standard 46 SMACNA HVAC Duct Construction Standard 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 194
 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

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fiberglass duct 

5 Protection 

Ducts will be routed such 

that service and repair to 

the house and its systems 

does not damage the ducts 

Protect equipment from 

damage 

Ensure equipment 

operates as designed 

6 Fastening: 

Metal to flexible duct 47 

Flexible duct-to-metal 

connections will be fastened 

with tie bands using a tie band 

tensioning tool 

Beaded collars will be 

installed for all sheet metal 

to flexible duct connections 

Manufacturer specifications 

will be followed 

Ensure duct connections 

are durable 

7 Fastening: 

Metal to metal 48 

Metal-to-metal connections 

will be fastened with 

mechanical fasteners 

Gaps larger than 1⁄4” will be 

bridged with sheet metal 

Joints will be sealed with 

mastic 

Joints smaller than 1⁄4” will 

be sealed with NFPA 90A 

and B approved sealant 

Ensure duct connections 

are durable 

8 Fasting: Duct board to 

metal 

Duct board to metal 

connections will be 

fastened with mechanical 

fasteners 

Joints and connections will 

be sealed with UL 181A 

listed tapes or mastics 

Ensure duct connections 

are durable 

47 SMACNA HVAC Duct Construction Standard 48 SMACNA HVAC Duct Construction Standard 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 195
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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9 Fastening: 

Boot to house connection 49 

Boots will be fastened to 

the house with mechanical 

fasteners 

Connection will be sealed 

with mastic, caulk or 

gaskets 

Ensure duct connections 

are durable 

10 Terminations 50 

Terminations capable of 

delivering air with proper 

speed and throw of 80­

120% of the farthest wall, 

floor or ceiling will be 

selected 

Deliver and properly mix 

air in the house 

11 Filtration 

Filter bypasses will be 

eliminated 

Filters will be changed 

Protect equipment from 

dirt and debris 

12 External static pressure 

Ductwork, filter and other 

equipment will be installed 

so that total external static 

pressure does not exceed 

manufacturer specifications 

51 

Ensure equipment 

operates as designed 13 

Air flow: 

Cooling and heat pump 

systems 

Measured air flow per ton 

will be within 15% of 

manufacturer specifications 

Air flow will be measured in 

accordance with following 

standards: ASHRAE, ANSI 

ACCA QI 5 2007, TABB and 

NEBB 

14 Temperature rise: 

Heating only systems 

Temperature rise will be 

measured and result will be 

in accordance with 

manufacturer specifications 

49 SMACNA HVAC Duct Construction Standard 50 SMACNA HVAC Duct Construction Standard 51 SMACNA HVAC Duct Construction Standard 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 196
 

 

 

 

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15 System protection during 

construction and renovation 

Registers, grilles and 

diffusers will be blocked, 

masked or otherwise sealed 

with a durable material 

Use of system will not be 

allowed during renovation 

or construction 

Protect equipment and 

occupants from debris in 

system 

Contractor and occupant 

will be educated on 

necessity of protecting 

equipment 

16 Room pressure balancing 

An appropriate means of 

pressure balancing will be 

installed (e.g., transfer 

grilles, jumper ducts, 

individual room returns) 

No room will exceed +/- 3 

Pascals with reference to 

the outside with all interior 

doors closed and the air 

handler running 

Ensure system has 

unrestricted flow of air 

between supplies and 

returns 

Minimize infiltration and 

exfiltration caused by 

system 

Do not interfere with safe 

operation of combustion 

appliances 

17 Sealing: 

New ductwork 

Total system leakage 

(including air handler) will 

not exceed 100 cubic feet 

per minute (CFM) at 25 

Pascals 52 

(for partial duct system 

replacement or 

improvement, existing 

ductwork specification will 

be applied) 

Minimize system air 

leakage 

18 Sealing: 

Existing ductwork 

Accessible joints, cracks, 

seams, holes and 

penetrations will be sealed 

53 

52 SMACNA HVAC Duct Construction Standard 53 SMACNA HVAC Duct Construction Standard 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 197
 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

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V 9.21

Topic: Forced Air 

Subtopic: Equipment Installation 

9) Detail Name: Heating and Cooling Controls
 

Desired Outcome:
 

• Heating and cooling controls installed and set properly 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Removal of mercury-based 

thermostats 

Mercury-based thermostat 

will be removed safely and 

in accordance with EPA 

regulations 54 

Protect workers and 

occupants from injury 

Protect environment 

2 from damage Removal of existing 

controls 

Existing controls will be 

removed in accordance 

with lead safe work rules 

EPA 55 

3 Penetrations 

Penetrations for control 

wiring will be sealed with a 

durable sealant (e.g., caulk, 

silicone, foam) 56 

Ensure controls operate 

as designed 

Minimize infiltration and 

exfiltration from house 

4 Thermostat location 

Thermostats will be 

installed to reflect the 

temperature of the zone in 

which they are installed 

Thermostats will not be 

exposed to extreme 

temperatures, radiant heat 

sources and drafts 

Ensure controls operate 

as designed 

5 Blower speed 

Blower speed will be set for 

equipment according to 

manufacturer specifications 

Ensure equipment has 

correct air flow 

54 40 CFR 271.13 55 OSHA 3142-09R 56 ASTM C1193 - 09 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 198
 

 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

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6 Thermostat Selection: 

Heat pump 

A thermostat with 

equipment supplementary 

heat lock out that can 

interface with an outside 

temperature sensor will be 

selected 

Maximize heating 

output of compressor 

(heat pump modeeliminates 

supplementary heat) to 

achieve energy 

efficiency 

7 

Heat Pump: Supplementary 

heat 

Supplementary heat will be 

used on heat pumps with 

conditions allowing for a 

balance point of less than 

30° 

Supplementary heat lock 

out will be set to 35° 

outside temperature or 

dual-fuel or hybrid changeover temperature to 38° 

outside temperature 

8 

Heat Pump: 

Low ambient compressor lock 

out 

Low ambient compressor 

lock out will be set to 0° 

outside temperature or 

ambient compressor lock 

out will be disabled 

9 Heat Pump: 

Outside temperature sensor 

An outside temperature 

sensor will be installed 

according to manufacturer 

specifications 

Ensure equipment 

operates as designed 

10 Heat Pump: 

Supplementary heat wiring 

Supplementary heat will be 

wired onto second stage 

heating terminal (W2) 

Supplementary heat 

cannot operate in stageone heating 

11 Thermostat: 

Installer programming 

The installer options will be 

set to match the thermostat 

to the equipment and 

control board settings 

Ensure equipment 

operates as designed 

12 Time delay settings 

Time delay for equipment 

will be set according to 

manufacturer specifications 

and as appropriate for the 

climate zone (e.g., no time 

delay for hot-humid 

climates) 

Maximize transfer of 

heat without adversely 

affecting inside humidity 

levels 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 199
 

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13 Humidistat: 

Location 

Humidistat will be installed 

to reflect humidity of the 

zone in which it is installed 

Humidistat will be installed 

in a dry location 

Ensure controls operate 

as designed 

14 Occupant education 57 

Occupants will be educated 

on proper use of 

thermostat including: 

• Proper use of setbacks 

for air conditioners and 

heat pumps 

• Allowing occupant 

comfort to determine 

setback for combustion 

heating appliances 

• Using emergency heat 

appropriately 

Ensure equipment and 

controls operate as 

designed 

Provide comfort 

throughout house 

57 ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 62.2-2010 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 200
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

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V 9.21

Topic: Forced Air 

Subtopic: Equipment Installation 

10) Detail Name: Venting System
 

Desired Outcome:
 

• Combustion products properly vented to the outside 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Combustion air 

Combustion air inlet will be in 

compliance with NFPA 58 

Exhaust combustion 

products to the outside 

Do not damage the house 

Protect workers and 

occupants from injury 

2 Installation 

Venting systems will be 

installed considering proper 

material, pitch, proper 

common venting, chimney 

liner, clearance, total 

equivalent length and 

termination according to 

NFPA 54, 31, 211 and 

Category I, III, IV 59 

Category I venting systems 

will be installed according to 

(NFPA 54/ANSI z223.1 

Category III and IV venting 

systems will be installed 

according to the 

manufacturer’s installation 

instructions 

3 Orphaned equipment 

Existing vent system or 

chimney will be resized or 

relined according to the NFPA 

when one or more commonvented appliances are 

removed 60 

58 NFPA 31 or NFPA 54/ANSI/AGA Z223.1 59 NFPA 31 or NFPA 54/ANSI/AGA Z223.1 60 NFPA 31 or NFPA 54/ANSI/AGA Z223.1 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 201
 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

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V 9.21

Topic: Forced Air 

Subtopic: Equipment Installation 

11) Detail Name: Condensate Drainage of Heating and Air Conditioning Equipment 

Desired Outcome: 

• Equipment and condensate drain operate as designed 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Connection 

Connections in condensate 

drain system will be water 

tight 

Ensure condensate drain 

connections do not leak 

2 Insulation 

Condensate drain lines will be 

insulated when there is 

potential for condensation or 

freezing on the drain line 

3 Overflow protection: 

Upflow 

Secondary drain pan and float 

switch will be installed when 

overflow could damage 

finished surfaces 

OR 

Float switch in the primary 

condensate drain for upflow 

systems will be installed when 

overflow could damage 

finished surfaces 

4 Pumps 

Condensate drain pumps will 

be installed when condensate 

cannot be drained by gravity 

Power source for pump will be 

installed 

Operation and drainage of 

pump will be verified 

5 Vents and traps 

Vents and traps will be 

installed on condensate drain 

lines, including condensing 

heating systems 

Vent will be located after the 

Ensure condensate drain 

operates as designed 

Ensure condensate drain 

does not leak air 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 202
 

 

 

 

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trap 

For combustion heating 

equipment, use the trap 

supplied with the equipment 

and follow manufacturer 

installation instructions 

6 Drain pan 

A secondary drain pan will be 

installed for all attic air 

conditioning, air handler or 

evaporator coil installations 

Prevent water damage 

from drain system 

malfunction 

7 Float switch 

All secondary drain pans will 

have a float switch and be 

drained away through a drain 

hose 

Prevent water overflowing 

the pan and draining onto 

the ceiling below 

8 Termination 

Condensate drain will be 

terminated in accordance with 

authority having jurisdiction 

Condensate does not leak 

to the house 

Condensate drain does not 

freeze 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 203
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Topic: Forced Air 

Subtopic: Equipment Installation 

12) Detail Name: Regional Considerations 

Row Region Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Very Cold 

New systems will be installed 

inside of the conditioned space 

of the house 

The house, as well as individual 

rooms, will remain at either a 

balanced or negative pressure 

of no greater than 3 Pascals 

with reference to the outside 

Combustion inlets will be 

terminated above snow line 

and protected from snow cover 

Ensure efficient system 

operation 

Avoid moisture-related 

damage to the house 

Ensure occupant safety by 

properly venting combustion 

gasses 

2 Cold 

Combustion inlets will be 

terminated above snow line 

and protected from snow cover 

Ensure occupant safety by 

properly venting combustion 

gasses 

3 Mixed Humid 

4 Hot Humid 

5 Marine 

6 Hot Dry 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 204
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Topic: Forced Air 

Subtopic: Commissioning of Equipment 

13) Detail Name: Leak Detection
 

Desired Outcome:
 

• Dangerous leaks detected before causing injury or damage 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Carbon monoxide (CO) 

detection 

Personal CO detector will be 

worn, in accordance with 

Building Performance Institute 

(BPI) standards 

Worker and occupants are 

protected from possible CO 

poisoning 

2 Gas leak detection 

Gas pipes will be tested for leaks 

with an electronic combustible 

gas leak detector and verified 

with bubble solution 

OR 

A code-approved standing 

pressure test will be conducted 

to detect leaks 61 

Ensure gas lines do not leak 

3 Fuel oil leak detection 

Oil tank, piping and equipment 

will be visually inspected for oil 

leaks 62 

Ensure fuel oil lines do not 

leak oil 

4 Electricity 

Electrical service will be 

inspected for proper wiring size, 

overcurrent protection and 

service disconnect 63 

Ensure electric lines do not 

overheat, melt or short 

Ensure electric service can 

be shut off for servicing 

61 NFPA 54/ANSI/AGA Z223.1 62 NFPA 31 63 NFPA 70A 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 205
 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Topic: Forced Air 

Subtopic: Commissioning of Equipment 

14) Detail Name: Data Plate Verification
 

Desired Outcome:
 

• Data recorded for commissioning and future service work is recorded 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Data plate verification 

Equipment will be visually 

inspected 

Information will be recorded 

on the equipment data 

plates inside and outside 

Ensure technician has 

equipment data necessary 

for commissioning and 

future service work 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 206
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Topic: Forced Air 

Subtopic: Commissioning of Equipment 

15) Detail Name: Venting System
 

Desired Outcome:
 

• Combustion byproducts properly vented to the outside 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Combustion air Combustion air inlet will be in 

compliance with NFPA 64 

Exhaust combustion 

products to the outside 

Protect house from 

damage 

Protect workers and 

occupants from injury 

2 Visual inspection 

Venting system will be 

inspected according to NFPA 

(e.g., damage, deterioration, 

proper material, pitch, 

common venting, chimney 

liner, clearance, total 

equivalent length and 

termination) 65 

Category I venting systems will 

be inspected to assure 

compliance with NFPA 

54/ANSI z223.1 

Category III and IV venting 

systems will be inspected to 

ensure compliance with 

manufacturer installation 

instructions 

3 Orphaned equipment 

Orphaned combustion 

appliance venting systems will 

be inspected for compliance 

with NFPA 66 

64 NFPA 31 or NFPA 54/ANSI/AGA Z223.1 65 NFPA 31 or NFPA 54/ANSI/AGA Z223.1 66 NFPA 31 or NFPA 54/ANSI/AGA Z223.1 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 207
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Topic: Forced Air 

Subtopic: Commissioning of Equipment 

16) Detail Name: Combustion Analysis 

Desired Outcome: 

•	 Analysis on critical components and operations completed to industry and 

manufacturer specifications 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Oil system: 

Nozzle size 

Nozzle size will be correct for 

design input and within 

equipment firing rate of 

nozzle manufacturer 67 

Ensure equipment operates 

as designed 68 

Ensure equipment operates 

safely 69 

Ensure equipment operates 

efficiently 70 

Ensure equipment is durable 

2 Fuel pressure Measurement will be 

verified according to 

manufacturer 

specifications 71 

3 

Oil system: 

Steady state efficiency 

(SSE) 

4 

Oil system: 

Smoke test 

(This test must be 

conducted before any 

combustion testing is 

completed) 

Smoke spot reading will be 

in accordance with burner 

manufacturer 

specifications 72 

5 Net stack temperature 

Net stack temperature will 

be measured and verified 

according to manufacturer 

specifications 

67 NFPA 31 68 NFPA 31 69 NFPA 31 70 NFPA 31 71 NFPA 31 72 NFPA 31 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 208
 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

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V 9.21

6 Carbon dioxide and 

oxygen 

Measurement will be 

verified according to 

industry manuals (e.g., 

Testo, Bacharach) 

7 Excess air 

Excess air will be calculated 

and shown to be in 

accordance with industry 

manuals (e.g., Testo, 

Bacharach) 

8 Carbon monoxide (CO) in 

flue gas 

CO in the undiluted flue gas 

will be less than level 

specified in ANSI Z21.1 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 209
 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Topic: Forced Air 

Subtopic: Commissioning of Equipment 

17) Detail Name: Air Flow
 

Desired Outcome:
 

• Air flow is properly tested 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Total air flow 

Total system air flow will be 

measured by: 

• Temperature rise 

• Flow plate 

• Fan depressurization device 

(e.g., Duct Blaster) Ensure equipment 

operates as designed 

Ensure equipment 

operates efficiently 

Ensure equipment 

provides comfort 

Ensure equipment 

operates safely 

Ensure equipment is 

durable 

2 External static pressure 

External static pressure will be 

in accordance with 

manufacturer specifications 

3 Pressure drop: 

Coil 

Pressure drop across cooling 

coils will be in accordance with 

manufacturer specifications 

4 Pressure drop: 

Filter 

Pressure drop across filter will 

be in accordance with 

manufacturer specifications 

5 Balancing room flow: New 

ductwork 

Air flow will be measured at 

each register to ensure proper 

air flow delivery 

6 Supply wet bulb and dry 

bulb 

Supply wet bulb and dry bulb air 

temperatures will be recorded 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 210
 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

7 Return wet bulb and dry 

bulb 

Return wet bulb and dry bulb air 

temperatures will be recorded 

8 Temperature rise: 

Gas and oil furnaces only 

Temperature rise between the 

supply and return will be in 

accordance with manufacturer 

specifications 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 211
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Topic: Forced Air 

Subtopic: Commissioning of Equipment 

18) Detail Name: Electrical Service
 

Desired Outcome:
 

• Electrical components properly tested 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Polarity Polarity of equipment will be 

correct 73 

Ensure equipment operates 

as designed 

Ensure equipment operates 

safely 

2 Voltage: 

Incoming power 

Voltage will be in accordance 

with manufacturer 

specifications 74 

Ensure equipment operates 

as designed 

3 Voltage: 

Contactor 

Voltage drop will be within 

acceptable range according 

to manufacturer 

specifications 75 

Ensure contactor does not 

overheat 

Ensure equipment operates 

as designed 

4 Grounding Adequate grounding will be 

present 76 

Ensure equipment operates 

as designed 

Ensure equipment operates 

safely 

5 Blower amperage 

Amperage will not exceed 

manufacturer full load 

amperage 77 

Ensure equipment operates 

as designed 

Ensure equipment operates 

efficiently 

Ensure equipment operates 

safely 

6 Compressor amperage 

Amperage will not exceed 

manufacturer full load 

amperage 78 

73 NFPA 70A 74 NFPA 70A 75 NFPA 70A 76 NFPA 70A 77 NFPA 70A 78 NFPA 70A 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 212
 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

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V 9.21

7 Door switch operation 

Blower compartment safety 

switch operation will be 

verified 

Ensure blower does not 

operate during service 

8 Heat pump: 

Emergency heat 

Emergency heat circuit 

functions will be verified 

System delivers heat in case 

of compressor failure 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 213
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Topic: Forced Air 

Subtopic: Commissioning of Equipment 

19) Detail Name: Refrigerant Line Inspection 

Desired Outcome: 

• Refrigerant lines properly installed 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Insulation 

All refrigerant lines will be 

insulated when installed in 

high temperature areas (e.g., 

attic, roofs) 

Suction lines will be insulated 

Ensure refrigerant lines do 

not gain excessive heat 

2 Ultraviolet (UV) 

protection of insulation 

If exposed to sunlight, 

refrigerant line insulation will 

be protected from UV 

degradation 

Install insulation so it does 

not degrade 

3 Sizing 

Refrigerant lines will be sized 

to meet manufacturer 

specifications for the installed 

equipment Ensure system moves 

appropriate volume of 

refrigerant 

4 Installation quality 

Refrigerant lines will be 

installed without kinks, crimps 

or excessive bends 

5 Support 

Refrigerant lines will be 

routed, supported and 

secured to house in a manner 

that protects the line from 

damage by workers or 

occupants 

Ensure refrigerant lines do 

not move, vibrate or sag 

Protect lines from damage 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 214
 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Topic: Forced Air 

Subtopic: Commissioning of Equipment 

20) Detail Name: Sequence of Operation
 

Desired Outcome:
 

• Sequence of operation of the system verified 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Verification 

The sequence of operation 

of the system will be verified 

in accordance with the 

manufacturer installation, 

operation and maintenance 

manual 

Ensure system components 

function and operate in the 

correct sequence 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 215
 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Topic: Forced Air 

Subtopic: Commissioning of Equipment 

21) Detail Name: Occupant Education 

Desired Outcome: 

•	 Occupants understand their role and responsibility in the safe, effective and efficient 

operation of the equipment 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Basic operation 

Basic operation of the 

equipment will be explained 

(e.g., design conditions, 

efficiency measures, differences 

from previous system or 

situation) 79 

Ensure occupant has a 

reasonable expectation of 

the capability the of 

equipment 

2 

System controls 

(e.g., thermostat, 

humidistat) 

Proper operation and 

programming of system controls 

to achieve temperature and 

humidity control will be 

explained 80 

Ensure occupant can 

operate system controls 

3 System disconnects 

Inside and outside electrical 

disconnects and fuel shut-offs 

will be demonstrated 81 

Ensure occupant can shut 

off equipment in 

emergencies 

4 Combustion air inlets 

Location of combustion air inlets 

will be identified for occupant 82 

Importance of not blocking 

inlets will be explained 83 

Ensure occupant does not 

block combustion air 

inlets 

5 Blocking air flow 

Proper placement of interior 

furnishings with respect to 

registers will be explained 84 

Negative consequences of 

closing registers will be 

Ensure occupant does not 

prevent equipment from 

operating as designed 

79 ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 62.2-2010 80 ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 62.2-2010 81 ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 62.2-2010 82 ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 62.2-2010 83 ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 62.2-2010 84 ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 62.2-2010 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 216
 

 

 

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V 9.21

explained 85 

Importance of leaving interior 

doors open as much as possible 

will be explained 

6 Routine maintenance 

Proper filter selection and how 

to change filter will be explained 

Importance of keeping outside 

unit clear of debris, vegetation, 

decks and other blockage will be 

explained 

Importance and timing of 

routine professional 

maintenance will be explained 

Ensure equipment 

operates as designed 

7 

Calling heating, 

ventilation and air 

conditioning (HVAC) 

contractor 86 

Situations when the occupant 

should contact the HVAC 

contractor will be explained, 

including: 

• Fuel odors 

• Water draining from 

secondary drain line 

• Emergency heat indicator 

always on for a heat pump 

system 

• System blowing cold air 

Occupant contacts 

installer when system is 

not operating as designed 

during heating season and 

vice versa 

• Icing of the evaporator coil 

during cooling mode 

• Outside unit never defrosts 

• Unusual noises 

85 ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 62.2-2010 86 ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 62.2-2010 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 217
 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

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V 9.21

• Unusual odors 

8 Carbon monoxide (CO) A CO detector will be installed Protect occupants from 

injury 

9 Warranty and service 

Occupant will be provided with 

relevant manuals and warranties 

87 

Provide manuals and 

warranties for future 

servicing 

87 ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 62.2-2010 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 218
 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Topic: Forced Air 

Subtopic: Commissioning of Equipment 

22) Detail Name: Evaporative Cooler Maintenance and Repairs
 

Desired Outcome:
 

• Evaporative cooler evaluated and maintained as needed 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Assessment and 

diagnosis 

The following system 

elements will be assessed: 

• Pump 

• Pan 

• Spider 

• Float 

• Damper 

• Roof jack, support 

• Water line 

• Water valve 

• Electrical 

• Pads 

• Motor 

• Fan 

Elements will be repaired or 

replaced as needed 

Ensure all components 

function properly 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 219
 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

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V 9.21

2 Repair and maintenance 

Calcium deposits will be 

removed 

Pads will be replaced 

Any additional repairs or 

replacements will be made as 

necessary 

Ensure evaporative cooler 

functions properly 

3 Occupant education 88 

A regular service schedule 

will be recommended to 

occupant 

Issues regarding multiple 

systems running will be 

discussed with occupant 

Ensure the occupant 

understands the importance 

of regular maintenance and 

basic operation 

88 ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 62.2-2010 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 220
 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

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V 9.21

Topic: Forced Air 

Subtopic: Commissioning of Equipment 

23) Detail Name: Regional Considerations 

Row Region Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Very Cold Condensate line will be 

insulated Avoid freezing 

2 Cold Condensate line will be 

insulated Avoid freezing 

3 Mixed Humid 

Refrigerant will be weighed 

into heating, ventilation and air 

conditioning (HVAC) systems 

when outside temperatures do 

not facilitate accurate testing 

of system charge 

Heating and cooling refrigerant 

lines will be insulated 

Ensure proper equipment 

operation 

Avoid energy loss and 

condensation 

4 Hot Humid 

Refrigerant will be weighed 

5 Marine 

into heating, ventilation and air 

conditioning (HVAC) systems 

when outside temperatures do 

not facilitate accurate testing 

of system charge 

6 Hot Dry 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 221
Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Ducts 

Duct Sealing: 

24) Preparation and Mechanical Fastening 

25) Support 

26) Sealing System 

27) Proprietary Spray Application 

28) Sealing System Components 

29) Return – Framed Platform 

30) Dual Cooling Up Ducts 

31) Removing Supply Vents From Garages 

Duct Insulation: 

32) Insulating Flex Ducts
 

33) Insulating Metal Ducts
 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 222
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Topic: Ducts 

Subtopic: Duct Sealing 

24) Detail Name: Preparation and Mechanical Fastening
 

Desired Outcome:
 

• Ducts and plenums properly fastened to prevent leakage 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Preparation 89 

Surrounding insulation will 

be cleared to expose joints 

being sealed 

Duct surface to accept 

sealant will be cleaned 

Insulation will be returned 

or replaced with equivalent 

R-value 

Gain access while 

maintaining insulation 

value 

Achieve proper adhesion 

for airtight seal 

2 Metal to metal 

Ducts will be fastened with 

a minimum of three equally 

spaced screws 90 

Ensure durable joints 

3 Flex to metal 91 

Joints will be fastened with 

tie bands using a tie band 

tensioning tool 

4 Duct board to duct 

board 92 

Joints will be fastened with 

clinch stapler 

5 Duct board to flexible 

duct 93 

Metal take-off collar will be 

used 

6 Metal plenum to air 

handler cabinet 94 

Plenum will be fastened 

with a minimum of three 

equally spaced screws 

89 SMACNA HVAC Duct Construction Standard 90 SMACNA HVAC Duct Construction Standard 91 SMACNA HVAC Duct Construction Standard 92 SMACNA HVAC Duct Construction Standard 93 SMACNA HVAC Duct Construction Standard 94 SMACNA HVAC Duct Construction Standard 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 223
 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

7 Duct board plenum to 

air handler cabinet 95 

Termination bar or metal 

strip will be fastened with 

screws 

Duct board will be installed 

between the screw and the 

termination bar 

8 Boot to wood 96 Screws or nails will be used 

to fasten boot to wood 

9 Boot to gypsum 97 

Boot hanger will be 

fastened to adjacent 

framing with screws or nails 

Boot will be connected to 

boot hanger with screws 

Integral snap boots will be 

installed 

10 Duct board to flex Metal take-off collar will be 

used 

95 SMACNA HVAC Duct Construction Standard 96 SMACNA HVAC Duct Construction Standard 97 SMACNA HVAC Duct Construction Standard 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 224
 

 

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Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Topic: Ducts 

Subtopic: Duct Sealing 

25) Detail Name: Support
 

Desired Outcome: 

• Ducts and plenums properly supported 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 

Support 

(applies to all duct 

types ) 98 

Flexible and duct board 

ducts and plenums will be 

supported every 4’ using 

min 1 1⁄2” wide material 

Support materials will be 

applied in a way that does 

not crimp duct work or 

cause the interior 

dimensions of the duct 

work to be less than 

Eliminate falling and 

sagging 

specified (e.g., ceiling, 

framing, strapping) 

Metal ducts will be 

supported by metal 

strapping, rods or other 

materials per standards 

98 SMACNA HVAC Duct Construction Standard 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 225
 

 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Topic: Ducts 

Subtopic: Duct Sealing 

26) Detail Name: Air Sealing System
 

Desired Outcome:
 

• Ducts and plenums sealed to prevent leakage 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 

New component to 

new component 

sealant selection 99 

Any closure system used 

will meet or exceed 

applicable standards 

Provide air sealing 

effectiveness of 

adhesive may be 

achieved with new 

components 

2 

New component to 

existing component 

100 

Seams, cracks, joints, holes 

and penetrations less than 

1⁄4” will be sealed using 

fiberglass mesh and mastic 

Mastic alone will be 

acceptable for holes less 

than 1⁄4” that are more than 

10’ from air handler 

Seams, cracks, joints, 

holes and penetrations 

between 1⁄4” and 3⁄4” will be 

sealed in two stages: 

• They will be backed 

using temporary tape 

(e.g., duct tape) as a 

support prior to sealing 

Eliminate air leakage 

into or out of ducts and 

plenums 

Ensure adhesion of 

primary air seal 

(fiberglass mesh and 

mastic) to the duct 

Reinforce air seal 

Support mastic and 

fiberglass mesh during 

curing 

• They will be sealed 

using fiberglass mesh 

and mastic 

3 

Existing component 

to existing 

component 101 

Fiberglass mesh and mastic 

will overlap temporary tape 

by at least 1” on all sides 

Eliminate air leakage 

into or out of ducts and 

plenums 

99 SMACNA HVAC Duct Construction Standard 100 SMACNA HVAC Duct Construction Standard 101 SMACNA HVAC Duct Construction Standard 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 226
 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

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V 9.21

The fiberglass mesh and Ensure adhesion of 

mastic will become the primary air seal 

primary seal (fiberglass mesh and 

mastic) to the duct 

Seams, cracks, joints, 

holes and penetrations Reinforce air seal 

larger than 3⁄4” will be 

repaired using rigid duct Support mastic and 

material fiberglass mesh during 

curing 

Fiberglass mesh and mastic 

will overlap repair joint by 

at least 1” on all sides 

Fiberglass mesh and mastic 

will be the primary seal 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 227
 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Topic: Ducts 

Subtopic: Duct Sealing 

27) Detail Name: Proprietary Spray Application
 

Desired Outcome: 

• Ducts and plenums sealed to prevent leakage 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Internal or external 

application 102 

Installation of sealant will 

be applied in a way that 

meets manufacturer 

specifications as well as UL 

181M, NFPA 90A and NFPA 

90B 

Reduce duct leakage 

102 SMACNA HVAC Duct Construction Standard 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 228
 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Topic: Ducts 

Subtopic: Duct Sealing 

28) Detail Name: Air Sealing System Components
 

Desired Outcome: 

• Ducts and plenums sealed to prevent leakage 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Duct boot to interior 

surface 103 

Gaps between boot and 

gypsum less than a 1⁄4”, will 

be air sealed using mastic 

Gypsum edge will be 

wetted before applying 

mastic 

Prevent air leakage 

2 Wooden plenums and 

building cavities 104 

Accessible connections and 

joints will be made air tight 

using approved material 

Ensure ducts and 

plenums will not leak out 

of or into return or 

supply plenums and 

ducts 

3 Air handler cabinet 

105 

Joints will be closed, cracks 

and holes not needed for 

proper function of unit will 

be sealed using removable 

sealant (e.g., duct tape) Reduce air leakage while 

maintaining accessibility 

4 Filter slot 

A pre-manufactured or 

site manufactured durable 

filter slot cover will be 

installed 

103 SMACNA HVAC Duct Construction Standard 104 SMACNA HVAC Duct Construction Standard 105 SMACNA HVAC Duct Construction Standard 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 229
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Topic: Ducts 

Subtopic: Duct Sealing 

29) Detail Name: Return – Framed Platform
 

Desired Outcome:
 

• The return duct installed to prevent air leakage 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Preparation 

Debris and dirt will be 

cleaned out of the return 

platform 

Allow for the application of 

rigid materials and sealants 

2 Infill and backing 

Backing or infill will be 

provided as needed to meet 

the specific characteristics of 

the selected material and the 

characteristics of the open 

space 

Backing or infill will not bend, 

sag or move once installed 

Material will be rated for use 

in return duct systems 

Minimize hole size to ensure 

successful use of sealant 

Ensure closure is permanent 

and supports any load (e.g., 

return air pressure) 

Ensure sealant does not fall 

out 

3 Sealant selection 106 

Sealants will be compatible 

with their intended surfaces 

Sealants will be continuous 

and meet fire barrier 

specifications 107 

Select permanent sealant 

Ensure sealant meets or 

exceeds the performance 

characteristics of the 

surrounding materials 

106 SMACNA HVAC Duct Construction Standard 107 ASTM C834 - 10 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 230
 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Topic: Ducts 

Subtopic: Duct Sealing 

30) Detail Name: Dual Cooling Up Ducts 

• Desired Outcome: Up ducts sealed to prevent pressurization leakage 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Backing and infill 

Backing or infill will be 

provided as needed to meet 

the specific characteristics 

of the selected material and 

the characteristics of the up 

duct opening 

A material will be rated for 

use in duct systems 

The infill will not bend, sag 

or move once installed 

Minimize hole size to 

ensure successful use of 

sealant 

Ensure closure is 

permanent and supports 

any pressure produced by 

wind or air handler fan 

Ensure sealant does not fall 

out 

2 Sealant selection 

Sealants will be compatible 

with their intended surfaces 

Sealants will be continuous 

and meet class 1 

specifications 108 

Select permanent sealant 

Ensure sealant meets or 

exceeds the performance 

characteristics of the 

surrounding materials 

108 NFPA 90a, 90b 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 231
 

 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Topic: Ducts 

Subtopic: Duct Sealing 

31) Detail Name: Removing Supply Vents From Garages 

• Desired Outcome: Safe removal of supply garage vents 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Removal of supply run 

feeding vent in garage 

Supply run feeding the 

register will be truncated 

nearest the supply plenum 

as possible 

If directly connected to the 

plenum, it will be truncated 

at the plenum 

If connected to a Y or T 

branch system it will be 

truncated at the Y or T 

Minimize surface area of 

duct 

2 

Patching of the hole in the 

duct system created by 

removal 

All holes in sheet metal 

ducts will be patched with 

sheet metal and secured 

with sufficient screws to 

hold the patch flat without 

gaps 

Holes left in any Y or T will 

be capped with sheet metal 

caps and fastened with at 

least three screws 

Ensure a secure and strong 

patch 

3 Sealing of the patch 

All patches will be sealed 

with mastic meeting UL 181 

and in accordance with 

manufacturer specifications 

Ensure an airtight patch 

4 Removal of discarded ducts 

All abandoned duct work 

will be removed from work 

area 

Provide a clean work site 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 232
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

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V 9.21

5 Patching of the register 

hole in garage 

Hole created by the 

removal of the register and 

boot will be patched and 

taped using material 

meeting local fire wall 

codes 

Avoid the spread of fire to 

adjacent areas 

6 Combustion safety testing 

requirements 

Combustion safety testing 

will be conducted whenever 

atmospherically vented 

combusted appliance are 

present in the house or 

garage 

Correctly and safely vent 

combustion gases to the 

outside 

7 External static pressure 

testing 

Units shall be tested for 

external static pressure 

(ESP) pre and post work 

If there is a significant rise 

in ESP, airflow testing will 

be required 

Ensure correct fan 

performance 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 233
 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Topic: Ducts 

Subtopic: Duct Insulation 

32) Detail Name: Insulating flex ducts 

•	 Desired Outcome: Lower conductive heat transfer by ducts and decreased 

condensation on duct vapor barrier 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Removal of existing flexible 

ducting 

All accessible low R-value 

flexible ducting will be 

removed from premises 

Remove trash from work 

space 

Provide a clean safe 

workplace 

2 Selection of new flexible 

ducting 

All duct flexible ducting will 

have a minimum R-vale of 8 

Minimize thermal 

conductance of the duct 

system 

3 Sizing of new flex 

Duct sizing procedures 

should be conducted when 

replacing flex duct 

Improve comfort in rooms 

Improve fan performance 

4 Installation of flex 

Flex duct will be supported 

in accordance with 

manufacturer specifications 

and stretched to maximum 

length 

Prevent sags, drops or other 

bends that may interfere 

with correct airflow 

5 Interior liner attachment 

Interior liner of the flex-tometal connection will be 

fastened with tie bands 

using a tie band tensioning 

tool 

Provide a strong ,secure 

attachment 

6 Sealing of interior liner 

Ul 181 BM listed tapes and 

mastic product will be used 

to seal this connection 

Create an air tight 

connection 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 234
 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

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V 9.21

7 Attachment of exterior 

liner 

Liner will be pulled up onto 

the metal duct as far as 

possible before securing 

The exterior liner of the flex 

duct will be fastened with 

tie bands using a tie band 

tensioning tool 

Create a strong and durable 

attachment 

8 Sealing of all accessible 

ducts 

All accessible joints, seams 

and connections will be 

sealed with UL 181 

approved mastics 

Minimize duct leakage 

9 Insulation of all fittings 

All metal fittings including , 

boots, elbows and take offs 

will be insulated separately 

using a R11 duct wrap with 

vapor barrier 

Minimize thermal 

conductance of the duct 

system 

10 Completeness of vapor 

barrier 

Vapor barrier of all duct 

insulation will be taped to 

the flex duct using the 

taping system required by 

the manufacturer of the 

duct insulation 

Ensure a complete vapor 

barrier 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 235
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Topic: Ducts 

Subtopic: Duct Insulation 

33) Detail Name: Insulating Metal Ducts 

•	 Desired Outcome: Lowered thermal conductance of duct system and 

minimized condensation on the duct system 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Selection of duct insulation 

material 

Duct insulation will be a 

minimum of R-8 and have 

an attached vapor barrier 

Decrease heat loss and 

condensation problems 

2 Duct sealing 

All accessible ducts will be 

sealed with a UL-approved 

mastic before insulation is 

applied 

Minimize duct leakage 

3 Attachment of duct 

insulation 

Duct insulation will be 

secured to the duct system 

using metal wire or rot 

proof nylon twine 

Pattern of the wire or twine 

will be sufficient to securely 

hold the duct insulation 

tight to the duct 

Ensure a secure connection 

between the duct system 

and the duct insulation 

4 Taping of the duct 

insulation 

Using a tape approved by 

the manufacturer, all seams 

and connection of the duct 

insulation will be taped 

No gaps will exist between 

pieces of duct insulation 

Prevent gaps in the vapor 

barrier of the insulation 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 236
 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Hydronic Heating 

Design: 

34) Heat Load Calculation – Whole House 

35) Space Load Calculation – Heat Emitter Sizing 

Equipment: 

36) Boiler – Pressure Relief Safety Valve 

37) Boiler Replacement – Gas and Oil 

38) Controls – Thermostat Replacement 

Maintenance: 

39) Gas Boiler – Annual Service 

40) Checklist 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 237
 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Topic: Hydronic Heating 

Subtopic: Design 

34) Detail Name: Heat Load Calculation – Whole House 

Desired Outcome: 

• A properly sized heating appliance selected 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Heating load calculation 

109 

Heat loss of the building shell 

will be determined using ACCA 

Manual J (e.g., heat 

transmission, air leakage) 

Enable proper sizing of the 

heating appliance 

2 Fuel and equipment 

selection 

Occupant will be educated on 

available fuel and equipment 

options, long term 

maintenance and cost of 

operation 110 

Proper appliance size and fuel 

type will be selected 

Select fuel type and 

equipment for the house 

109 ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 90.2-2007 110 ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 90.2-2007 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 238
 

 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Topic: Hydronic Heating 

Subtopic: Design 

35) Detail Name: Space Load Calculation – Heat Emitter Sizing 

Desired Outcome: 

• Heat emitter selected provides adequate heat output 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Space load calculation 

(Room by room) 

Space load will be determined 

based on Air Conditioning 

Contractors of America (ACCA) 

Manual J 

Ensure the space is properly 

conditioned 

2 Heat emitter output 

calculation and sizing 

Heat emitter output will be 

determined according to IBR 

and the RPA guidelines 

Match the heat emitter size 

with the space load 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 239
 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Topic: Hydronic Heating 

Subtopic: Equipment 

36) Detail Name: Boiler – Pressure Relief Safety Valve 

Desired Outcome: 

• Pressure relieve valve properly installed 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Discharge tube Discharge tube will be in place 

and intact 

Ensure boiler discharges to 

a safe location and is safe to 

work on 

2 Test Boiler pressure will be taken to 

specified relief valve pressure 111 

Ensure valve discharges and 

reseats at specified 

pressure 

111 NFPA 54/ANSI/AGA Z223.1 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 240
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Topic: Hydronic Heating 

Subtopic: Equipment 

37) Detail Name: Boiler Replacement – Gas and Oil
 

Desired Outcome:
 

• Boiler replaced when needed with safe, correctly sized equipment 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Assessment 112 

Inspections will be made for the 

following: 

• Signs of water leakage from 

the boiler to the 

Combustion Appliance Zone 

(CAZ) 

• Excessive steam in flue 

gases caused by water 

leakage to the flue side of 

the heat exchanger 

Determine if replacement is 

needed 

2 Heating load 

calculation 

Heat loss of the building shell 

will be determined using ACCA 

Manual J (e.g., heat 

transmission, air leakage) 

Enable proper sizing of the 

heating appliance 

3 Fuel and equipment 

selection 

Occupant will be educated on 

available fuel and equipment 

options, long term maintenance 

and cost of operation 113 

Proper appliance size and fuel 

type will be selected 

Select fuel type and 

equipment for the house 

4 Hazardous material 

removal 

Health concerns in the removal 

and replacement of equipment 

will be identified 

Written notification of 

hazardous material will be 

provided to the occupant 

Remediate health hazards 

using EPA-certified 

contractors 

112 NFPA 31 113 ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 62.2-2010 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 241
 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Contact information for the 

regional EPA asbestos 

coordinator will be provided 

Asbestos abatement will be 

conducted by an EPA-certified 

contractor before equipment 

removal and replacement 

Occupant will be asked to 

contract with an EPA-certified 

asbestos contractor to conduct 

asbestos abatement, if 

applicable 

5 Equipment removal 

Accepted industry procedures 

and practices will be followed 

to: 

• Remove old boiler and 

associated components 

• Seal any unused chimney 

• Remove unused oil tank, 

lines, valves and associated 

equipment 

Ensure the safety of the 

workers, occupants and 

house 

Provide timely and efficient 

removal of old equipment 

6 New equipment 

installation 

New boiler and associated 

components will be installed to 

accepted industry procedures 

and practices 114 

Ensure the safety of the 

workers, occupants and 

house 

Provide timely and efficient 

removal of old equipment 

7 Location of circulator 

Circulator pump will be placed 

on the supply side of the 

system 

Reduce maintenance and 

improve the efficiency of 

the system 

8 Air separator 

Micro-bubble air separator will 

be installed according to 

manufacturer specifications 

Reduce maintenance and 

improve the efficiency of 

the system 

114 NFPA 54/ANSI/AGA Z223.1 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 242
Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

A bladder expansion tank will 

9 Bladder expansion tank 

be installed 18-24” from the 

micro-bubble air separator, 

upstream of the circulator 

pump (pumping away from the 

Reduce maintenance and 

improve the efficiency of 

the system 

bladder expansion tank) 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 243
 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Topic: Hydronic Heating 

Subtopic: Equipment 

38) Detail Name: Controls – Thermostat Replacement 

Desired Outcome: 

• Thermostat replaced when appropriate 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Visual inspection 

Thermostats will be visually 

located 

Replacement will be 

recommended if a digital, 

double set-back thermostat is 

not present* 

Determine if existing 

thermostats need to be 

replaced 

2 

Removal 

(if removal is 

recommended) 

Heating system will be deenergized before removal 

Thermostat will be removed 

Compatibility will be verified 

(e.g., voltage, wiring condition, 

location) 115 

Location of existing 

thermostat will be assessed 

for appropriateness (e.g., 

central to the house, out of 

direct sunlight, away from 

supply air, protected from 

abnormal radiant surface 

temperatures) 

115 NFPA 70A 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 244
 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

3 Installation 

Location for new thermostat 

will be determined 

Compatibility with new 

thermostat will be verified 

(e.g., voltage, wiring, 

condition, location) 116 

Replacement will be 

recommended if a digital, 

double set-back thermostat is 

not present* 

Heating system will be reenergized and cycled 

Thermostat will be 

programmed to occupant 

lifestyle choices 

Provide occupant comfort 

and energy savings 

4 Disposal 

Thermostats will be disposed 

of according to EPA 

guidelines 117 

Prevent mercury from 

entering the environment 

5 Occupant education 118 

Occupant will be involved in 

the initial programming of 

thermostat and educated on 

common settings and 

programming 

On new installs, occupants will 

be encouraged to save the 

manual and keep it accessible 

Provide understanding for 

best use by occupant 

*High mass, radiant systems may or may not benefit from programmable thermostats 

116 NFPA 70A 117 40 CFR 271.13 118 ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 62.2-2010 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 245
 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Topic: Hydronic Heating 

Subtopic: Maintenance 

39) Detail Name: Gas Boiler – Annual Service
 

Desired Outcome:
 

• Boiler service improves safety, efficiency and performance 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Health and safety 

The Building Performance 

Institute (BPI) protocol for 

Combustion Appliance Zone 

(CAZ) combustion safety 

testing will be 

administered 119 

Identify potential health 

and safety issues 

2 Visual inspection 120 

The following conditions 

will be assessed: 

• Water, steam and fuel 

leaks 

• Damaged or missing 

pipe insulation 

• Venting Issues – draft 

and condensation (e.g., 

soot, rusting of flue 

Observe general conditions 

to determine needed 

repairs or maintenance 

pipe, burned paint or 

wires, efflorescence) 

• Corrosion (e.g., rust, 

mineral deposits) 

• General condition of 

components 

119 ASTM E1998 - 02(2007) 120 NFPA 54/ANSI/AGA Z223.1 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 246
 

 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

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V 9.21

3 Gas valves 

Gas valves will be removed 

and replaced according to 

manufacturer 

specifications 121 

Provide gas to burner when 

there is a call for heat 

Control volume of gas for 

burner 

Ensure the safe shut-off of 

gas at the end of a call for 

heat 

4 Ignition system 

Components of ignition 

system will be repaired or 

replaced according to 

manufacturer 

specifications 122 

Do not allow flow of main 

burner gas without proof of 

ignition 

5 Main gas burners 

Problems that may 

interfere with flame (e.g., 

dust, debris, misalignment) 

will be cleaned, vacuumed 

and adjusted 123 

Produce combustion in a 

safe, clean and efficient 

manner 

6 Venting 

Flue gases will be removed 

from the venting system in 

accordance with Section 

504, IFGC for gas boilers 124 

Ensure the safety and 

durability of the venting 

system 

7 Combustion testing 125 

Undiluted flue gases will be 

checked with a calibrated 

flue gas analyzer according 

to accepted protocol (e.g., 

BPI, NATE) 

If combustion is not 

occurring safely or with 

maximum efficiency, 

diagnostics and 

adjustments will be done 

according to manufacturer 

specifications or local codes 

Confirm that combustion 

occurs safely with 

maximum efficiency 

121 NFPA 54/ANSI/AGA Z223.1 122 NFPA 54/ANSI/AGA Z223.1 123 NFPA 54/ANSI/AGA Z223.1 124 NFPA 54/ANSI/AGA Z223.1 125 ASTM E1998 - 02(2007) 

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8 

De-rating 

non-modulating systems 

under 90% annual fuel 

utilization efficiency (AFUE) 

Undiluted flue gases will be 

checked with a calibrated 

flue gas analyzer according 

to accepted protocol (e.g., 

BPI, NATE) to determine if 

acceptable boiler efficiency 

is being maintained 126 

If boilers are found to be 

out of compliance, a 

Increase the operational 

efficiency of the system and 

improve occupant comfort 

combustion analysis will be 

administered and minimum 

stack temperature will be 

met as prescribed by the 

manufacturer or IFGC504 

9 Occupant health 

Carbon monoxide (CO) 

monitors will be installed in 

all houses with Category I 

appliances 127 

Ensure ambient CO does 

not exceed acceptable 

levels after completion of 

work 

10 Occupant education 128 

Occupants will be educated 

on the operation and 

maintenance of the CO 

monitor 

Completed work and 

recommended maintenance 

will be reviewed 

Ensure occupant is 

informed of the safe and 

efficient operation and 

maintenance of the work 

performed 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW

126 NFPA 54/ANSI/AGA Z223.1 127 NFPA 720 128 ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 62.2-2010 

248
 

 

 

 

 

 

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Topic: Hydronic Heating 

Subtopic: Maintenance 

40) Detail Name: Checklist
 

Desired Outcome:
 

• Thorough maintenance improves safety, efficiency and performance 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Health and safety 

The Building Performance 

Institute (BPI) protocol for 

Combustion Appliance Zone 

(CAZ) combustion safety 

testing will be 

administered 129 

Identify potential health 

and safety issues 

2 Visual inspection 130 

The following conditions 

will be inspected: 

• Water, steam and fuel 

leaks 

• Damaged or missing 

pipe insulation 

• Venting Issues – draft 

and condensation (e.g., 

soot, rusting of flue pipe, 

burned paint or wires, 

efflorescence) 

• Corrosion (e.g., rust, 

mineral deposits) 

• General condition of 

components 

Observe general conditions 

to determine needed 

repairs or maintenance 

3 Pipe insulation inspection 

Pipe insulation will be 

inspected, including: 

• Integrity – complete 

coverage, no holes or 

tears 

Minimize heat loss and 

improve performance of 

the system 

129 ASTM E1998 - 02(2007) 130 NFPA 54/ANSI/AGA Z223.1 

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• Damage – holes or tears 

• Complete coverage – 

insulation missing 

If asbestos is suspected, 

occupants will be notified 

and asbestos will not be 

disturbed 

Required repair or 

replacement will be 

performed according to the 

following conditions: 

• Materials will be 

approved for steam 

heating pipes 

• Materials will be 

approved for hot water 

heating pipes 

• Insulation will 

completely cover pipe 

Pipe insulation will be 

installed according to 

manufacturer specifications 

4 Check system pressure 

Check system pressure will 

be verified 

Check system pressure will 

be 1 pound per square inch 

gauge (psig) per 28” of 

system height 

Keep system operating 

within pressure parameters 

5 Purge system 

Each accessible heat 

emitter will be purged 

Remove air from the system 

to maximize performance 

6 Automatic fill 131 

Automatic fill valve will be 

inspected to ensure it 

maintains system pressure 

If pressure is not 

Maintain optimal system 

pressure to maximize 

performance 

131 NFPA 54/ANSI/AGA Z223.1 

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maintained, replacement 

will be made in accordance 

with the following criteria: 

• Valve will be replaced 

with backflow 

prevention 

• Components will be 

installed according to 

manufacturer 

specifications 

• Correct system pressure 

will be verified 

7 Gauge glass 

Gauge glass will be 

inspected for erosion, 

cracks or drying 

Damaged gauge glass on 

boiler will be replaced 

according to manufacturer 

specifications 

Ensure gauge glass is in safe 

operating condition to 

allow observation of water 

level in boiler 

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Operation of low water cutoff will be observed by 

opening blow-off valve 

If combustion is not 

extinguished, remediation 

will be accomplished by the 

following procedure: 

• Electricity will be 

disconnected from 

boiler 

• Problem will be 

diagnosed 

Ensure safe minimum water 

level of the boiler 

8 Low water cut-off: 

Float type 132 • Low water cut-off will be 

repaired, serviced, or 

replaced according to 

manufacturer 

specifications 

• Boiler will be retested 

for proper operation 

Occupants will be educated 

on the correct method to 

drain the low water cut-off 

weekly (must drain once 

per week to remove 

sediment from float 

chamber of low water cutoff) 

Maintain safe operation of 

the low water cut-off on 

ongoing basis 

9 Low water cut-off: 

Immersion 133 

An immersion low-water 

cut off will be installed and 

operable 

Ensure safe minimum water 

level of the boiler 

10 Expansion tank: 

Non-bladder and bladder 

An expansion tank will be 

installed and operable 

Tanks that leak or have 

excessive corrosion will be 

replaced and non-bladder 

tanks will include an 

Absorb water expansion of 

the system 

132 NFPA 54/ANSI/AGA Z223.1 133 NFPA 54/ANSI/AGA Z223.1 

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expansion tank drain 

Tank will be installed 

according to manufacturer 

specifications 

Expansion tanks will be 

properly supported with 

strapping 

Tanks that are full of water 

will be drained and refilled 

before being replaced or 

repaired 

Expansion tanks with 

bladders will have air 

charged to the 

manufacturer pressure 

specifications while water is 

not present in the tank 

Bladder tanks that have 

water inside of the air 

bladder will be replaced 

according to manufacturer 

specifications 

11 Flush or skim steam boiler 

Manufacturer specifications 

for flushing or skimming 

steam boiler will be 

followed 

Ensure boiler produces dry 

steam 

12 System temperature or 

pressure gauge 134 

The temperature or 

pressure gauge will be 

inspected for erosion, 

cracks or dirt 

Damaged temperature or 

pressure gauges will be 

replaced according to 

manufacturer specifications 

Allow accurate observation 

of system temperature and 

pressure 

13 Circulators 

Non-working motors that 

cannot be serviced will be 

replaced with a new motor 

Ensure circulation of water 

at designated velocity in 

system without leaks in the 

circulators 

134 NFPA 54/ANSI/AGA Z223.1 

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New motors will be 

installed according to 

manufacturer specifications 

Oil lubricated circulators 

will be installed in proper 

alignment with the pump 

coupler and will be 

supported so they do not 

sag 

Bearings will have free 

movement and no water 

leakage 

Bearings in inoperable, 

water lubricated circulators 

will be freed if possible 

before replacement with a 

new circulation pump 

14 Zone valves 

Zone valves will be 

inspected for the following 

conditions: 

• Leaking water 

• Not responding to a call 

for heat 

Ensure proper zonal control 

of the system for comfort 

and efficiency 

New equipment will be 

replaced according to 

manufacturer specifications 

15 Condensate 

If boiler is 90% efficient or 

more, condensate 

discharge will be an 

acceptable pH and will be 

drained to the exterior of 

the house, away from the 

foundation. 

Condensate pumps will be 

installed if needed to 

ensure proper drainage 

Bring the condensate to an 

acceptable pH and 

discharge to appropriate 

location 

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16 Temperature, pressure 

valves and air vents 135 

Occupant will be informed 

that air vents have potential 

to cause moisture problems 

if not operating properly 

Occupant will be reminded 

to call for maintenance if 

vents discharge steam or 

have moisture issues 

Maintain efficient operation 

of the system 

17 Maintenance records 136 

Keeping records of all 

maintenance will be 

recommended to occupants 

Copies or access to 

installation and operation 

manuals will be provided 

Provide a history of system 

installation and 

maintenance to improve 

chance of successful future 

maintenance or repair 

18 Occupant health and safety 

Ambient carbon monoxide 

(CO) levels will be less than 

accepted industry levels 

after work is 

complete 137 

CO monitors will be installed 

in all houses without existing 

monitor 138 

Ensure ongoing health and 

safety of occupants 

19 Occupant education 139 

Completed work will be 

reviewed 

Occupants will be educated 

on the safe and efficient 

operation and maintenance 

of the system 

Ensure occupant is 

informed of the safe, 

efficient operation and 

maintenance of the system 

135 NFPA 54/ANSI/AGA Z223.1 136 ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 62.2-2010 137 NFPA 720 138 NFPA 720 139 ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 62.2-2010 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 255
 

 

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SECTION 6: INSULATION 

Table of Contents 

Health and Safety 

Safe Work Practices: 1 

1) Insulation Worker Safety 

Attic 

Preparation: 

2) Non-Insulation Contact (IC) Recessed Light 

3) Knob and Tube Wiring
 

4) Fireplace Chimney and Combustion Flue Vents
 

5) Vented Eave or Soffit Baffles
 

6) Dense Pack Preparation
 

Attic Ceilings: 

7) Loose Fill Over Pitched Ceilings
 

8) Dense Pack Over Pitched Ceilings
 

9) Unvented Flat Roof with Existing Insulation
 

10) Dense Pack Cape Cod Side Attic Roof
 

Knee Walls: 

11) Preparation for Dense Packing
 

12) Preparation for Batt Insulation
 

13) Strapping for Existing Insulation
 

14) Knee Wall without Framing
 

Accessible Attic Floors: 

15) Batt Installation
 

16) Loose Fill Installation
 

17) Loose Fill Over Existing Insulation
 

18) Batt Insulation Over Existing Insulation 

Enclosed Attic Floors: 

19) Dense Pack Installation – Bonus Room Floor
 

20) Dense Pack Installation – Attic Storage Platform
 

1 Appendix D – OSHA Personal Protective Equipment Standards 

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Attic Openings: 

21) Pull Down Stairs
 

22) Access Doors and Hatches
 

23) Whole-House Fan
 

Attics General: 

24) Ventilation
 

25) Radiant Barrier
 

26) Skylights
 

27) Parapet Walls
 

Exterior Walls 

Preparation: 

28) Exterior Dense Pack 

Accessible Exterior Walls: 

29) Open Wall Insulation 

Enclosed Exterior Walls: 

30) Dense Pack Exterior Walls
 

31) Additional Exterior Wall Cavities
 

Floors 

Accessible Floors: 

32) Batt Installation Floor System 

33) Loose Fill Floor System with Netting 

34) Loose Fill Floor System with Rigid Barrier 

35) Batt Installation Cantilevered Floor 

36) Pier house subfloor insulation – Batt installation with rigid barrier 

37) Pier house subfloor insulation – loose fill with rigid barrier 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 257
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Health and Safety 

Safe Work Practices: 

1) Insulation Worker Safety 

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Topic: Health and Safety 

Subtopic: Safe Work Practices 

1) Detail Name: Insulation Worker Safety
 

Desired Outcome:
 

• Work is completed safely without injury or hazardous exposure 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Hand protection 

Durable and wrist protecting 

gloves will be worn that can 

withstand work activity 2 

Minimize skin contact with 

contaminants 

Protect hands from sharp 

objects 

2 Respiratory 

protection 

Respirators appropriate for 

the contaminants present will 

be worn (e.g. N-95 or 

equivalent face mask) 3 

OSHA asbestos abatement 

protocol 1926.1101 will be 

followed if vermiculite 

insulation is present 

Minimize exposure to airborne 

contaminants (e.g. insulation 

materials, mold spores, feces, 

bacteria, chemicals) 

Protect workers from toxic 

exposure 

3 Electrical safety 4,5 

An electrical safety 

assessment will be performed 

All electric tools will be 

protected by Ground-Fault 

Circuit Interrupters 6 

Extension cords used with 

portable electric tools will be of 

three-wire type 

Worn or frayed electric cords 

will not be used 

Avoid electrical shock and arc 

flash hazards 

2 OSHA Technical Manual Section VIII: Chapter 1, part III 

3 OSHA Technical Manual Section VIII: Chapter 2, section IV 4 NAHB-OSHA Jobsite Safety Handbook, Second Edition: Electrical 5 29 CFR 1926 Subpart K – Electrical 6 http://www.osha.gov/SLTC/etools/construction/electrical_incidents/gfci.html - OSHA eTool 

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Metal ladders will be avoided 

Water such as condensate 

pans and electrical sources 

will be kept separate 

Special precautions will be 

taken if knob and tube wiring 

is present 

Aluminum foil products will be 

kept away from live wires 

4 Protective clothing 

7 

If contaminants are present, 

(e.g. insulation materials) 

removable protective clothing 

will be worn 

Eye protection will be worn at 

all times (e.g. safety glasses, 

goggles if not using full face 

respirator) 

Protect worker from skin 

contact with contaminants (e.g. 

insulation materials) 

Minimize spread of 

contaminants 

5 Confined space 

safety 8,9 

Access and egress points will 

be located before beginning 

work 

Inspection will be conducted 

for frayed electrical wires 

Adequate ventilation will be 

provided 

Use of toxic material will be 

reduced 

Prevent build-up of toxic or 

flammable contaminants 

Provide adequate access and 

egress 

Avoid electrical shock 

6 Power tool safety 10 

Power tools will be inspected 

and used according to 

manufacturer specifications to 

eliminate hazards associated 

with missing ground prongs, 

no grounded circuits, and 

Prevent power tool injuries 

7 OSHA Technical Manual Section VIII: Chapter 1, part III 

8 ASTM D4276 - 02(2007) 9 http://www.osha.gov/SLTC/confinedspaces/index.html - OSHA Confined Space Webpage 10 29 CFR 1910 Subpart P - Hand and portable powered tools and other hand-held equipment 

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misuse of power tools, noise, 

and improper or defective 

extension cords 

All devices used will be 

verified as GFI protected or 

double insulated 

Exhaust gases from 

compressors and generators 

will be kept out of the crawl 

space 11 

7 Chemical safety 

The least toxic suitable 

material will be chosen 

Chemicals will be handled 

according to manufacturer 

specifications or MSDS 

standards to eliminate hazards 

associated with VOCs, 

sealants, insulation, 

Prevent toxic exposure to 

workers 

contaminated drywall, dust, 

foams, asbestos, lead, fibers, 

incorrect, defective or 

improperly used respirator 

and Personal Protective 

Equipment (PPE) 12 

8 Ergonomic safety 13 

Personal Protective 

Equipment will be used (e.g. 

knee pads, bump caps, 

additional padding) 

Proper equipment will be used 

for work 

Avoid injuries with awkward 

postures and repetitive 

motions 

9 Hand tool safety Hand tools will be used for 

intended purpose 14 Reduce injuries 

11 Appendix D – OSHA Personal Protective Equipment Standards 12 29 CFR 1910 Subpart Z - Toxic and Hazardous Substances 13 http://www.osha.gov/SLTC/ergonomics/index.html - OSHA Ergonomics Webpage 14 29 CFR 1910 Subpart P - Hand and portable powered tools and other hand-held equipment 

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10 Slips, trips and falls 

15 

Caution will be used around 

power cords, hoses, tarps and 

plastic sheeting 

Precautions will be taken 

when ladders are used, when 

working at heights, or when 

balancing on joists 

Appropriate footwear and 

clothing will be worn 

Eliminate injuries due to slips, 

trips and falls 

11 Heat and thermal 

stress 16 

Appropriate ventilation, 

hydration, rest breaks and 

cooling equipment will be 

used 

Dial 911 when necessary 

Reduce heat stroke, heat stress 

and cold stress related injuries 

12 Fire safety 

Ignition sources will be 

identified and eliminated (e.g. 

turn off pilot lights and fuel 

supply) 

Flammable material will be 

reduced and fire-rated 

materials will be used 17 

Prevent a fire hazard 

15 29 CFR 1926 Subpart M - Fall Protection 16 29 CFR 1926 Subpart C - General Safety and Health Provisions 17 Appendix D – OSHA Personal Protective Equipment Standards 

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OSHA asbestos abatement 

protocol 1926.1101 will be 

followed if vermiculite 

insulation is present 

13 Vermiculite safety 

If unsure whether material 

contains asbestos, a qualified 

asbestos professional will be 

contacted to assess the 

material and sample and test 

as needed 

When working around 

Asbestos containing material 

(ACM), the following will not 

be done: 

• Dust, sweep or vacuum 

debris 

• Saw, sand, scrape or drill 

holes in the material 

• Use abrasive pads or 

brushes to strip materials 

Attic insulation that looks like 

vermiculite (as opposed to 

fiberglass, cellulose or 

urethane foams) will not be 

removed or disturbed 

Protect workers from toxic 

exposure 

14 Lead paint 

assessment 

Presence of lead based paint 

in pre-1978 homes will be 

assumed unless testing 

confirms otherwise 

Comply with EPA’s 

Renovation, Repair and 

Painting (RRP) Program Rule 

Protect worker and occupant 

from potential lead hazards 

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(40 CFR Part 745) in pre-1978 

homes and proposed changes 

to this rule (Federal 

Register/Vol. 75, No. 87/ May 

6, 2010), to be superseded by 

any subsequent final 

rulemaking or any more 

stringent state or Federal 

standards 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 264
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Attic 

Preparation: 

2) Non-Insulation Contact (IC) Recessed Light 

3) Knob and Tube Wiring 

4) Fireplace Chimney and Combustion Flue Vents 

5) Vented Eave or Soffit Baffles 

6) Dense Pack Preparation 

Attic Ceilings: 

7) Loose Fill Over Pitched Ceilings 

8) Dense Pack Over Pitched Ceilings 

9) Unvented Flat Roof with Existing Insulation 

10) Dense Pack Cape Cod Side Attic Roof 

Knee Walls: 

11) Preparation for Dense Packing
 

12) Preparation for Batt Insulation
 

13) Strapping for Existing Insulation
 

14) Knee Wall without Framing
 

Accessible Attic Floors: 

15) Batt Installation
 

16) Loose Fill Installation
 

17) Loose Fill Over Existing Insulation
 

18) Batt Insulation Over Existing Insulation 

Enclosed Attic Floors: 

19) Dense Pack Installation – Bonus Room Floor 

20) Dense Pack Installation – Attic Storage Platform 

Attic Openings: 

21) Pull Down Stairs
 

22) Access Doors and Hatches
 

23) Whole-House Fan
 

Attics General: 

24) Ventilation
 

25) Radiant Barrier
 

26) Skylights
 

27) Parapet Walls
 

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V 9.21

Topic: Attic Floor 

Subtopic: Preparation 

2) Detail Name: Non-Insulation Contact (IC) Recessed Light
 

Desired Outcome:
 

• An air barrier ensures safety from fire and prevents leakage 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Air barrier system 

An air barrier system will be 

used to separate non-IC 

rated recessed lights from 

insulation, using one of the 

methods below: 

An airtight closure taller 

than surrounding attic 

insulation will be placed 

over non-IC rated recessed 

lights 

OR 

The non-IC rated light 

fixture will be replaced with 

an airtight and IC-rated 

fixture 

Prevent a fire hazard 

Prevent air leakage through 

fixture 18 

2 Enclosure top 

The top enclosure material 

will have an R-value of 0.5 

or less 

The top of the enclosure 

will be left free of insulation 

Prevent heat build up 

3 Clearance 

The closure will maintain a 

3” clearance between the 

closure and the fixture 

including wiring, box and 

ballast 

Keep an air space around 

the fixture 

18 ASTM E1186 - 03(2009) 

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4 Sealants and 

weatherstripping 

Caulk, mastic or foam will 

be used on all edges, gaps, 

cracks, holes and 

penetrations of closure 

material only 

Completely adhere the 

sealant to all surfaces to be 

sealed to prevent air 

leakage 19 

19 ASTM E1186 - 03(2009) 

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Topic: Attic 

Subtopic: Preparation 

3) Detail Name: Knob and Tube Wiring
 

Desired Outcome:
 

• Insulation kept away from contact with live wiring 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Identifying knob and tube 

wiring 

The house will be visually 

inspected to identify knob 

and tube wiring 

Determine if knob and tube 

wiring exists 

2 Testing to determine if live 

Non contact testing method 

will be used to identify live 

wiring 

Ensure safety of occupants, 

workers, and house 

Plan where remediation is 

needed 

3 Isolate and protect 

Live knob and tube will not 

be covered or surrounded 

(required NEC) 

A licensed electrical 

contractor will inspect and 

certify wiring to be safe and 

place a warning at all 

entries to the attic about 

the presence of knob and 

tube wiring 

A dam that does not cover 

the top will be created to 

separate insulation from 

the wire path 

Ensure work can be 

completed safely 

4 Replace 

Knob and tube wiring will 

be replaced with new 

appropriate wiring by a 

licensed electrician 

according to local codes 

Remaining knob and tube 

wiring will be rendered 

Protect occupant and house 

Ensure future work can be 

done safely 

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inoperable by licensed 

electrician according to 

local codes 

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Topic: Attic 

Subtopic: Preparation 

4) Detail Name: Fireplace Chimney and Combustion Flue Vents 

Desired Outcome: 

• Combustible materials kept away from combustion sources 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Verify attic prep 

Holes, penetrations and 

bypasses will be sealed 

Dams will be fixed in places 

that maintain required 

clearance 

Prevent air leakage 20 

Ensure insulation dams 

maintain clearance 

2 Required clearance 

A rigid dam having a height 

greater than the insulation 

to be installed will be 

constructed to ensure a 3” 

clearance between 

combustion flue vent and 

dam 

Ensure dam material does 

not bend, move or sag 

Prevent a fire hazard 

3 Safety 

Insulation will not be 

allowed between a heatgenerating appliance and a 

dam unless material is rated 

for contact with heatgenerating sources 21 

Prevent a fire hazard 

5 Occupant education 

Documentation of material 

and R-value will be 

provided to occupant 22 

Provide occupant with 

documentation of 

installation 

20 ASTM E1186 - 03(2009) 21 ASTM C1015 - 06 22 16CFR460.17 

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Topic: Attic 

Subtopic: Preparation 

5)	 Detail Name: Vented Eave or Soffit Baffles 

Desired Outcome: 

•	 Attic ventilation meets code requirements and insulation protected from 

wind washing 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Installation 

Baffles will be mechanically 

fastened to block wind 

entry into insulation or to 

prevent insulation from 

blowing back into the attic 

Baffles will be installed to 

maintain clearance 

between the roof deck and 

baffle according to 

manufacturer specifications 

Installation will allow for 

the highest possible R-value 

above the top plate of the 

exterior wall 

Ensure insulation R-value is 

not reduced 

Maintain attic ventilation 

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Topic: Attic 

Subtopic: Preparation 

6) Detail Name: Dense Pack Preparation
 

Desired Outcome:
 

• Proper material density achieved safely and cleanly 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Preparation 

Lead safety procedures will be 

followed 

Cavities will be free of hazards, 

intact and able to support 

dense pack pressures 

All escape openings will be 

blocked for material 

Access will be gained and each 

cavity will be probed, locating 

all attic floor joists and blockers 

Interior will be masked and 

dust controlled during drilling 

when accessing from interior 

Electricity supply will be 

confirmed and will support 

blowing machine power 

demand 

Blowing machine pressure test 

will be performed with air on 

full, feed off and gate closed 

Hose outlet pressure will be at 

least 80 inches of water column 

(IWC) or 2.9 pounds per square 

inch (PSI) 

Prevent damage to house 

Provide thorough access to 

allow 100% coverage 

Use proper equipment and 

process to achieve consistent 

density, prevent settling and 

retard air flow through 

cavities 

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Topic: Attic 

Subtopic: Attic Ceilings 

7) Detail Name: Loose Fill Over Pitched Ceilings
 

Desired Outcome:
 

• Insulation controls heat transfer through cathedral or vaulted ceiling 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Ventilation Venting will be continuous, 

if applicable 

Ensure capacity to increase 

R-value while not altering 

ventilation 

2 Lighting 

Existence of rated 

insulation-contact can 

lights, which allow for 

insulation encapsulation, 

will be verified 23 

Prevent a fire hazard 

3 Installation 

When using cellulose, only 

stabilized product will be 

used 

Loose fill fiber glass will 

only be used on a slope less 

than or equal to a 6:12 

pitch or the slope 

application approved by the 

manufacturer, whichever is 

less 

Roof cavities will be 

insulated with loose fill 

according to manufacturer 

specifications without gaps, 

voids, compressions, 

misalignments or wind 

intrusions 24 

Insulation will be installed 

Ensure appropriate material 

and application 

Insulate to prescribed Rvalue 

23 ASTM C1015 - 06 24 ASTM C1015 - 06 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 273
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to prescribed R-value 

4 Occupant education 

Documentation of material 

and R-value will be 

provided to occupant 25 

Provide occupant with 

documentation of 

installation 

25 16CFR460.17 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 274
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Topic: Attic 

Subtopic: Attic Ceilings 

8)	 Detail Name: Dense Pack Over Pitched Ceilings 

Desired Outcome: 

•	 Insulation reduces heat transfer through ceiling and closed attic sections as 

well as framing cavities inaccessible to other treatments 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Fill slant ceilings 

Using fill tube, 100% of 

each cavity will be 

completely filled to a 

consistent density: 

• Cellulose material will 

be installed to a 

minimum density of 3.5 

pounds per cubic foot 

• Loose fiber glass 

material will be installed 

and will be specifically 

approved for air flow 

resistance to a minimum 

density of 2.2 pounds 

per cubic foot 

The number of bags 

installed will be confirmed 

and will match the number 

required on the coverage 

chart 26 

Insulation will be verified to 

prevent visible air 

movement using chemical 

smoke at 50 Pascals of 

pressure difference 27 

Ensure complete and 

consistent coverage 

throughout ceiling plane 

Eliminate voids and settling 

Minimize framing cavity air 

flows 

26 16CFR460.17 27 ASTM E1186 - 03(2009) 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 275
 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Topic: Attic 

Subtopic: Attic Ceilings 

9) Detail Name: Unvented Flat Roof with Existing Insulation 

Desired Outcome: 

• Insulation reduces heat flow through unvented roof 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Ventilation 

Code-compliant ventilation 

will be installed before 

insulation 

Reduce possibility of 

moisture issues 

2 Installation 

Roof cavities will be blown 

with loose fill insulation 

without gaps, voids, 

compressions, 

misalignments or wind 

intrusions 28 

Insulation will be installed 

to prescribed R-value 

Insulate to prescribed Rvalue 

3 Occupant education 

Documentation of material 

and R-value will be 

provided to occupant 

Provide occupant with 

documentation of 

installation 

28 ASTM C1015 - 06 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 276
 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Topic: Attic 

Subtopic: Attic Ceilings 

10) Detail Name: Dense Pack Cape Cod Side Attic Roof 

Desired Outcome: 

•	 Consistent, uniform thermal boundary between conditioned and 

unconditioned space 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Engineer, architect 

approval 

Engineer or architect 

approval will be obtained 

before insulating 

Verify design change 

2 Vapor barrier removal 

Vapor barriers will be 

removed from existing attic 

floor 

Ensure the new conditioned 

space is coupled with the 

house 

3 Netting, fabric, rigid 

sheathing 

When using netting or 

fabric, staples will be placed 

every 1 1⁄2” on center 

Netting or fabric will meet 

local fire codes 29 

Rigid materials will close 

the cavity 

Secure insulation in place 

4 Installation 

Roof cavities will be dense 

packed with loose fill 

insulation according to 

manufacturer density 

specifications 30 

Insulation will be installed 

to prescribed R-value 

Insulate to prescribed Rvalue 

5 Onsite documentation 

Documentation will be 

posted as required by 

federal specification 

Post documentation onsite 

to allow verification 

29 ASTM E84 - 10 30 ASTM C1015 - 06 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 277
Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

16CFR460 

6 Occupant education 

Documentation of material 

and R-value will be 

provided to occupants 31 

Occupant has 

documentation of 

installation 

31 16CFR460.17 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 278
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Topic: Attic 

Subtopic: Knee Walls 

11) Detail Name: Preparation for Dense Packing 

Desired Outcome: 

• Airtight cavity and insulated knee wall 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Backing 

All knee walls will have a 

top and bottom plate or 

blockers installed using a 

rigid material 

If fabric is used before 

dense packing, it will be 

secured with 1” crown 

staples every 2” or furring 

strips every wall stud 

If rigid material is used, 

material will be installed to 

cover 100% of the surface 

of the accessible knee wall 

area 

If foam sheathing is used, 

sheathing will be listed for 

uncovered use in an attic, 

or covered with a fire 

barrier 

Eliminate bending, sagging 

or movement that may 

result in air leakage 

Prevent air leakage through 

the top or bottom of the 

knee wall 32 

Ensure material will not 

tear under stress from wind 

loads or insulation 

32 ASTM E1186 - 03(2009) 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 279
Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

2 Installation 

All existing batted 

insulation will be adjusted 

to ensure it is in full contact 

with the interior cladding 

and top and bottom plates 

Insulation that is blown 

behind fabric or air barrier 

material will be blown 

dense to a minimum 

specification of 3.5 pounds 

per cubic foot for cellulose 

or 2.2 pounds per cubic 

Eliminate misalignment of 

existing insulation 

Prevent insulation settling 

or movement 

foot for fiber glass 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 280
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Topic: Attic 

Subtopic: Knee Walls 

12) Detail Name: Preparation for Batt Insulation
 

Desired Outcome:
 

• Airtight cavity and properly insulated knee wall 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Knee wall prep for batts 

All knee walls will have a 

top and bottom plate or 

blockers installed using a 

rigid material 

All joints, cracks and 

penetrations will be sealed 

in finished material 

including interior surface to 

framing connections 

Eliminate bending, sagging 

or movement that may 

result in air leakage 

Prevent air leakage through 

the top or bottom of the 

knee wall 33 

Create an air barrier 

2 Installation 

Insulation will be installed 

using one of the following 

methods: 

New batts will be installed 

All existing batted 

insulation will be adjusted 

to ensure it is in full contact 

with the interior cladding 

and top and bottom plates 

Eliminate misalignment of 

existing insulation 

3 Backing knee wall 

If rigid material is used, 

material will be installed to 

cover 100% of the surface 

of the knee wall 

If foam sheathing is used, 

sheathing will be listed for 

uncovered use in an attic, 

or covered with a fire 

barrier 

Prevent insulation settling 

or movement 

33 ASTM E1186 - 03(2009) 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 281
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Topic: Attic 

Subtopic: Knee Walls 

13) Detail Name: Strapping for Existing Insulation 

Desired Outcome: 

•	 Consistent, uniform thermal boundary between the conditioned space and 

unconditioned space to prescribed R-value 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Sealing 

Holes and penetrations will 

be sealed 

Bypasses will be blocked 

and sealed 34 

Prevent air leakage 35 

2 Installation 

Insulation will be installed 

in full contact with all sides 

of existing cavity without 

gaps, voids, compressions, 

misalignments or wind 

intrusions 36 

Insulate to prescribed Rvalue 

3 Attachment 

Strapping material will have 

a minimum expected 

service life of 20 years 

Maintain alignment 

4 Occupant education 

Documentation of material 

and R-value will be 

provided to occupant 37 

Provide occupant with 

documentation of 

installation 

34 ASTM E1186 - 03(2009) 35 ASTM E1186 - 03(2009) 36 ASTM C 1320-05 (09) 37 16CFR460.17 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 282
 

 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Topic: Attic 

Subtopic: Knee Walls 

14) Detail Name: Knee Wall without Framing 

Desired Outcome: 

•	 Consistent uniform thermal boundary between the conditioned space and 

unconditioned space to prescribed R-value 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Sealing 

Holes and penetrations will 

be sealed 

Bypasses will be blocked 

and sealed 38 

Prevent air leakage 39 

2 Flat cavity present 

Gap between framing and 

existing air barrier will be 

insulated 

Create a flat insulated 

surface 

3 Installation 

A rigid-insulated sheathing 

will be mechanically 

fastened to code required 

R-value 

Seams will be sealed 40 

Insulate to prescribed Rvalue 

4 Occupant education 

Documentation of material 

and R-value will be 

provided to occupant 41 

Provide occupant with 

documentation of 

installation 

38 ASTM E1186 - 03(2009) 39 ASTM E1186 - 03(2009) 40 ASTM E1186 - 03(2009) 41 16CFR460.17 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 283
 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Topic: Attic 

Subtopic: Accessible Attic Floors 

15) Detail Name: Batt Installation – Attic Floors 

Desired Outcome: 

•	 A consistent, thermal boundary between conditioned and unconditioned 

space controls the heat flow 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Preparation 

If knee wall attic- knee wall 

floor space will be 

accessible 

Subfloor or drywall will be 

removed to access cavities 

as necessary 

All electrical junctions will 

be flagged to be seen above 

the level of the insulation 

Open electrical junction 

boxes will have covers 

installed 

Access the workspace 

Provide location of 

electrical junctions for 

future servicing 

Prevent an electrical hazard 

2 For knee wall attics: Air 

barrier 

Existence of air barrier 

material in line with the 

knee walls will be installed 

or verified when dense 

packing 

Air barrier material will not 

bend, sag or move once 

dense packed 

Hold dense pack in place 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 284
Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

3 Installation 

Batt insulation will be 

installed according to 

manufacturer specifications 

without gaps, voids, 

compressions, 

misalignments or wind 

intrusions 42 

Insulation will be installed 

to the prescribed R-value 

Insulate to prescribed Rvalue 

4 Occupant education 

Documentation of material 

and R-value will be 

provided to occupant 43 

Provide occupant with 

documentation of 

installation 

42 ASTM C 1320-05 (09) 43 16CFR460.17 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 285
 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Topic: Attic 

Subtopic: Accessible Attic Floors 

16) Detail Name: Loose Fill Installation – Attic Floors 

Desired Outcome: 

•	 A consistent, thermal boundary between conditioned and unconditioned 

space controls the heat flow 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Preparation 

If knee wall attic- knee wall 

floor space will be accessible 

Subfloor or drywall will be 

removed to access cavities 

as necessary 

Insulation rulers will be 

installed every 300 square 

feet of attic area with 

measurement beginning at 

the air barrier 44 

All electrical junctions will be 

flagged to be seen above the 

level of the insulation 

Open electrical junction 

boxes will have covers 

installed 

Access the workspace 

Verify uniformity of insulation 

material 

Provide location of electrical 

junctions for future servicing 

Prevent an electrical hazard 

44 IECC 303.1.1.1 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 286
 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

2 For knee wall attics: Air 

barrier 

Existence of air barrier 

material in line with the 

knee walls will be installed 

or verified when dense 

packing 

Air barrier material will not 

bend, sag or move once 

dense packed 

Hold dense pack in place 

3 Installation 

All insulation will be installed 

to the depth indicated on 

the manufacturer coverage 

chart for desired R-value 45 

Reduce heating and air 

conditioning costs 

Improve comfort 

Provide a quieter house 

4 Onsite documentation 

A signed and dated attic card 

will be provided that 

includes: 46 

• Insulation type 

• Installed thickness and 

settled thickness 

• Coverage area 

• R-value 

• Number of bags installed 

as per manufacturer 

specifications 

Document job completion to 

contract specifications 

Confirm amount of insulation 

installed in attic 

Ensure ability to match bags 

required for total area 

completed 

45 ASTM C1015 - 06 46 16CFR460.17 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 287
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Topic: Attic 

Subtopic: Accessible Attic Floors 

17) Detail Name: Loose Fill Over Existing Insulation
 

Desired Outcome:
 

• Insulation controls heat transfer through ceiling 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Preparation 

Existing insulation will be in 

contact with the air barrier 

prior to installing additional 

insulation on top 

Insulation rulers will be 

installed every 300 square 

feet of attic area with 

measurement beginning at 

the air barrier 47 

Ensure proper performance 

of insulation 

Verify uniformity of 

insulation material 

Provide location of 

All electrical junctions will 

be flagged to be seen above 

the level of the insulation 

Open electrical junction 

boxes will have covers 

installed 

electrical junctions for 

future servicing 

Prevent an electrical hazard 

2 Installation 

The correct depth and 

number of bags will be 

blown according to 

manufacturer 

specifications 48 

Insulation will be installed 

to prescribed R-value 

Insulate to prescribed Rvalue 

47 IECC 303.1.1.1 48 ASTM C1015 - 06 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 288
 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

3 Safety 

Insulation will not be 

allowed on top of noninsulation contact (IC) rated 

can-light boxes or between 

a heat-generating appliance 

and a dam unless material 

is rated for contact with 

heat generating sources 49 

Prevent a fire hazard 

4 Onsite documentation 

Documentation will be 

posted as required by 

federal specification 

16CFR460 50 

Post documentation onsite 

to allow verification 

49 ASTM C1015 - 06 50 16CFR460.17 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 289
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Topic: Attic 

Subtopic: Accessible Attic Floors 

18) Detail Name: Batt Insulation Over Existing Insulation
 

Desired Outcome:
 

• Insulation controls heat transfer through vaulted ceiling 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Preparation 

Existing insulation will be in 

contact with the air barrier 

prior to installing additional 

insulation on top 

Ensure proper performance 

of insulation 

2 Installation 

If the top of the existing 

insulation is below the top 

of the framing, new batts 

will be installed parallel 

with framing members 51 

If the top of the existing 

insulation is above the top 

of the framing, new batts 

will be installed 

perpendicular to framing 

members 52 

Ensure uniform depth of 

insulation in continuous 

contact with existing 

insulation 

Eliminate voids and gaps 

3 Insulation 

Batts will be installed 

according to manufacturer 

specifications without gaps, 

voids, compressions, 

misalignments or wind 

intrusions 53 

Insulation will be installed 

to prescribed R-value 

Insulate to prescribed Rvalue 

51 ASTM C 1320-05 (09) 52 ASTM C 1320-05 (09) 53 ASTM C 1320-05 (09) 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 290
 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

4 Safety 

Insulation will not be 

allowed on top of noninsulation contact (IC) rated 

can-light boxes or between 

a heat-generating appliance 

and a dam unless material 

is rated for contact with 

heat generating sources 54 

Prevent a fire hazard 

5 Occupant education 

Documentation of material 

and R-value will be 

provided to occupant 55 

Provide occupant with 

documentation of 

installation 

54 ASTM C1015 - 06 55 16CFR460.17 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 291
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Topic: Attic 

Subtopic: Enclosed Attic Floors 

19) Detail Name: Dense Pack Installation – Bonus Room Floor 

Desired Outcome: 

•	 A consistent thermal boundary between conditioned and unconditioned 

space controls the heat flow 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Air barrier 

Existence of air barrier 

material in line with the 

knee walls will be installed 

or verified when dense 

packing 56 

Air barrier material will not 

bend, sag or move once 

dense packed 57 

Hold dense pack in place 

2 Fill floors 

Each cavity will be 100% 

filled to consistent density: 

• Cellulose material will be 

installed to a minimum 

density of 3.5 pounds 

per cubic foot 

• Loose fiber glass 

material will be installed 

and will be specifically 

approved for air flow 

resistance to a minimum 

density of 2.2 pounds 

per cubic foot 

The number of bags 

installed will be confirmed 

and will match the number 

Eliminate voids and settling 

Minimize framing cavity air 

flows 

56 ASTM E1186 - 03(2009) 57 ASTM C1015 - 06 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 292
 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

required on the coverage 

chart 58 

Insulation will be verified to 

prevent visible air 

movement using chemical 

smoke at 50 Pascals of 

pressure difference 59 

3 Safety 

Insulation will not be 

allowed on top of noninsulation contact (IC) rated 

can-light boxes or between 

a heat-generating appliance 

and a dam unless material 

is rated for contact with 

heat generating sources 60 

Prevent a fire hazard 

4 Onsite documentation 

Documentation will be 

posted as required by 

federal specification 

16CFR460 61 

Post documentation onsite 

to allow verification 

58 16CFR460.17 59 ASTM E1186 - 03(2009) 60 ASTM C1015 - 06 61 16CFR460.17 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 293
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Topic: Attic 

Subtopic: Enclosed Attic Floors 

20) Detail Name: Dense Pack Installation – Attic Storage Platform 

Desired Outcome: 

•	 Insulation reduces heat flow through floor and framing cavities inaccessible 

to other treatments 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Fill floors 

Each cavity will be 100% 

filled to consistent density: 

• Cellulose material will 

be installed to a 

minimum density of 3.5 

pounds per cubic foot 

• Loose fiber glass 

material will be installed 

and will be specifically 

approved for air flow 

resistance to a minimum 

density of 2.2 pounds 

per cubic foot 

The number of bags 

installed will be confirmed 

and will match the number 

required on the coverage 

chart 62 

Insulation will be verified to 

prevent visible air 

movement using chemical 

smoke at 50 Pascals of 

pressure difference 63 

Eliminate voids and settling 

Minimize framing cavity air 

flows 

62 16CFR460.17 63 ASTM E1186 - 03(2009) 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 294
 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

2 Safety 

Insulation will not be 

allowed on top of noninsulation contact (IC) rated 

can-light boxes or between 

a heat-generating appliance 

and a dam unless material 

is rated for contact with 

heat generating sources 64 

Prevent a fire hazard 

3 Onsite documentation 

Documentation will be 

posted as required by 

federal specification 

16CFR460 65 

Post documentation onsite 

to allow verification 

64 ASTM C1015 - 06 65 16CFR460.17 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 295
 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Topic: Attic 

Subtopic: Attic Openings 

21) Detail Name: Pull Down Stairs
 

Desired Outcome:
 

• Pull down attic stair properly sealed and insulated 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Installation 

Entire pull down stair 

assembly will be covered to 

the same R-Value as 

adjoining insulated 

assembly 

Insulate to prescribed Rvalue 

2 Sealing 

Pull down stair frame will 

be continuously weather 

stripped 

Prevent air leakage 66 

3 Durability Material integrity will meet 

a minimum expected 

service life of 20 years 

Ensure a minimum 

expected service life 

4 Occupant education Purpose of insulation will 

be communicated to 

occupant 67 

Educate occupant on how 

to use the hatch to ensure 

integrity of insulated 

assembly throughout 

service life 

66 ASTM E1186 - 03(2009) 67 16CFR460.17 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 296
 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Topic: Attic 

Subtopic: Attic Openings 

22) Detail Name: Access Doors and Hatches
 

Desired Outcome:
 

• Attic access door properly sealed and insulated 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Installation 

Access hatches will be 

insulated to the same RValue as adjoining insulated 

assembly 

Achieve uniform R-value 

2 Sealing 

Access hatch frames will be 

continuously weather 

stripped 

A latch or lock will be 

installed to ensure hatch 

remains closed 

Prevent air leakage 68 

3 Attachment 

Insulation will be 

permanently attached in 

complete contact with the 

access hatch 

Insulate to prescribed Rvalue 

4 Durability Material integrity will meet 

a minimum expected 

service life of 20 years 

Ensure a minimum 

expected service life 

5 Occupant education Purpose of insulation will 

be communicated to 

occupant 69 

Educate occupant on how 

to use the hatch to ensure 

integrity of insulated 

assembly throughout 

service life 

68 ASTM E1186 - 03(2009) 69 16CFR460.17 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 297
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Topic: Attic 

Subtopic: Attic Openings 

23) Detail Name: Whole-House Fan 

Desired Outcome: 

•	 Consistent, uniform thermal boundary between the conditioned space and 

unconditioned space to prescribed R-value of an adjoining insulated 

assembly 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Installation 

Sides of fan insulation box 

assembly will be insulated 

to the same R-Value as 

adjoining insulated 

assembly 

Insulate to prescribed Rvalue 

2 Air sealing 

Fan insulation box frame 

will be continuously 

weather stripped to ensure 

a tight fit 

Prevent air leakage 70 

3 Attachment 

Insulation will be 

permanently attached in 

contact with fan insulation 

box 

Appropriate adhesive or 

mechanical fastener will be 

used 

Ensure continuous 

alignment with air barrier 

4 Durability Material integrity will meet 

a minimum expected 

service life of 20 years 

Ensure a minimum 

expected service life 

5 Occupant education Purpose of insulation will 

be communicated to 

occupant 71 

Educate occupant on how 

to use the whole house fan 

to ensure integrity of the 

fan insulated assembly 

throughout service life 

70 ASTM E1186 - 03(2009) 71 16CFR460.17 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 298
 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Topic: Attic 

Subtopic: Attics General 

24) Detail Name: Ventilation
 

Desired Outcome:
 

• Properly restored vents minimize moisture and ice dams 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Air barrier and thermal 

boundary 

Attic ventilation will be 

recommended or installed 

only if: 

• The presence of an 

effective air barrier and 

thermal boundary 

between the attic and 

the living space is 

Ensure presence of 

continuous air barrier and 

thermal boundary 

verified 

• Appropriate attic sealing 

and proper insulation is 

specified as part of the 

work scope 

2 Vent type 

Attic vent types will be 

consistent with 

requirements for their 

specific location (e.g., 

exterior soffit, gable end, 

roof) and material and 

intended use (e.g., metal 

vent on metal roof) 

Vent meets proper 

performance characteristics 

for location and roofing 

type 

3 Vent location 

Placement of attic vents will 

be considered for proper air 

flow and prevention of 

entry of wind-driven rain or 

snow 

Encourage proper air flow 

and minimize entry of winddriven rain or snow 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 299
 

 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

4 Ventilation baffling 

Baffling for attic vents will 

be installed to: 

• Ensure proper air flow 

• Prevent wind-washing of 

insulation 

• Allow maximum 

insulation coverage 

• Ensure baffle terminates 

above insulation 

Vent allows proper air flow 

without compromising 

insulation performance 

5 Ventilation screens 

All attic ventilation will have 

screens with non-corroding 

wire mesh with openings of 

” to prevent pest entry 

(e.g., birds, bats, bees) 

Existing vents which are not 

screened will be covered 

with non-corroding wire 

mesh with openings of ” 

Prevent pest entry 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 300
 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Topic: Attic 

Subtopic: Attics General 

25) Detail Name: Radiant Barrier
 

Desired Outcome:
 

• Radiant heat flow reduced 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Stapling 

An air space no less than 3⁄4” 

will be maintained between 

the barrier and the bottom 

of the roof deck 

Ensure performance of 

radiant barrier 

2 Ventilation 

A minimum of 3” clearance 

from soffit vents and ridge 

vents will be maintained 

Allow for air flow behind 

barrier 

3 Gable walls 

Radiant barrier will apply to 

gable walls while 

maintaining a 3⁄4” air space 

Ensure performance of 

radiant barrier 

4 Porch and garage attic 

spaces 

Radiant barrier will be 

installed to separate the 

attic above conditioned 

space from adjacent attics 

Radiant barrier will be 

installed to withstand local 

wind loads 

Ensure reduction of radiant 

heat entry 

Durability 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 301
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Topic: Attic 

Subtopic: Attics General 

26) Detail Name: Skylights 

Desired Outcome: 

•	 Consistent uniform thermal boundary between the conditioned space and 

unconditioned space to prescribed R-value 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Sealing 

Holes and penetrations will 

be sealed 

Bypasses will be blocked 

and sealed 72 

Prevent air leakage 73 

2 Installation 

Insulation will be installed 

according to manufacturer 

specifications in full contact 

with all sides of existing 

cavity without gaps, voids, 

compressions, 

misalignments or wind 

intrusions 74 

Insulation will be installed 

to prescribed R-value 

Insulate to prescribed Rvalue 

3 Occupant education 

Documentation of material 

and R-value will be 

provided to occupant 75 

Provide occupant with 

documentation of 

installation 

72 ASTM E1186 - 03(2009) 73 ASTM E1186 - 03(2009) 74 ASTM C1015 - 06 75 16CFR460.17 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 302
 

 

 

 

 

 

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V 9.21

Topic: Attic 

Subtopic: Attics General 

27) Detail Name: Parapet Walls
 

Desired Outcome:
 

• Properly installed insulation reduces heat flow through parapet wall 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Access 

Proper access in wall 

exterior or interior 

containment area will be 

ensured 

Lead safety procedures in 

houses built before 1978 

will be followed 76 

Protect worker and 

occupant health 

2 Installation 

Dense pack insulation will 

be installed according to 

manufacturer specifications 

at void area 77 

Seal wall 

76 OSHA Publication 3142-09R 77 ASTM C1015 - 06 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 303
Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Exterior Walls 

Preparation: 

28) Dense Pack Preparation 

Accessible Exterior Walls: 

29) Open Wall Insulation 

Enclosed Exterior Walls: 

30) Dense Pack Exterior Walls 

31) Additional Exterior Wall Cavities 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 304
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

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V 9.21

Topic: Exterior Walls 

Subtopic: Preparation 

28) Detail Name: Exterior Dense Pack 

Desired Outcome:
 

• Walls properly prepared to receive dense pack insulation 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Preparation 78 

Lead safety procedures will 

be followed 79 

Cavities will be free of 

hazards, intact and able to 

support dense pack 

pressures 

Drilling hazards (e.g., 

wiring, venting, fuel piping) 

will be located 

Blocking will be installed 

around: 

• All openings to inside 

crawl space and 

basement for fibrous 

material 

Prevent damage to house 

and mess 

Provide thorough access to 

allow 100% coverage 

Ensure proper equipment 

and process results in 

consistent density 

preventing settling and 

retarding air flow through 

• High-temperature firerated materials 

• Wiring and electrical 

hazards 

• Heat sources 

Access to exterior wall 

cavities will be gained, 

sheathing will be drilled as 

cavities 

78 ASTM C1015 - 06 79 OSHA 3142-09R, 2003 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 305
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

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needed and probed to 

locate each cavity, wall 

studs and blockers 

Interior will be masked and 

dust controlled during 

drilling when accessing 

from interior 

Electricity supply will be 

confirmed and will support 

blowing machine power 

demand 

Blowing machine pressure 

test will be performed with 

air on full, feed off and gate 

closed 

Hose outlet pressure will be 

at least 80 inches of water 

column (IWC) or 2.9 pounds 

per square inch (PSI) 

2 Exterior dense pack 

Using fill tube, 100% of 

each cavity will be 

completely filled to a 

consistent density: 

• Cellulose material will 

be installed to a 

minimum density of 3.5 

pounds per cubic foot 

• Loose fiber glass 

material will be installed 

and will be specifically 

Eliminate voids and settling 

Minimize framing cavity air 

flows 

approved for air flow 

resistance to a minimum 

density of 2.2 pounds 

per cubic foot 

The number of bags 

installed will be confirmed 

and will match the number 

required on the coverage 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 306
 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

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chart 80 

Insulation will be verified to 

prevent visible air 

movement using chemical 

smoke at 50 Pascals of 

pressure difference 81 

80 16CFR460.17 81 ASTM E1186 - 03(2009) 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 307
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Topic: Exterior Walls 

Subtopic: Accessible Exterior Walls 

29) Detail Name: Open Wall Insulation 

Desired Outcome: 

•	 Consistent, uniform thermal boundary between the conditioned space and 

unconditioned space to prescribed R-value 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Sealing 

Holes and penetrations will 

be sealed 

Bypasses will be blocked 

and sealed 82 

Prevent air leakage 83 

2 Installation 

Insulation will be installed 

according to manufacturer 

specifications without gaps, 

voids, compressions, 

misalignments or wind 

intrusions 84 

Insulation will be installed 

to prescribed R-value 

Insulate to prescribed Rvalue 

4 Pre-drywall verification 

Verification of complete 

installation without gaps, 

voids, compressions, 

misalignments or wind 

intrusions will be 

provided 85 

Install insulation correctly 

5 Occupant education 

Documentation of material 

and R-value will be 

provided to occupant 86 

Provide occupant with 

documentation of 

installation 

82 ASTM E1186 - 03(2009) 83 ASTM E1186 - 03(2009) 84 ASTM C1015 - 06 85 ASTM C 1320-05 (09) 86 16CFR460.17 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 308
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Topic: Exterior Walls 

Subtopic: Enclosed Exterior Walls 

30) Detail Name: Dense Pack Exterior Walls 

Desired Outcome: 

•	 Consistent, uniform thermal boundary between conditioned and 

unconditioned space to prescribed R-value of an adjoining insulated 

assembly 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Exterior dense pack 

Using fill tube, 100% of 

each cavity will be 

completely filled to a 

consistent density: 

• Cellulose material will 

be installed to a 

minimum density of 3.5 

pounds per cubic foot 

• Loose fiber glass 

material will be installed 

and will be specifically 

approved for air flow 

resistance to a minimum 

density of 2.2 pounds 

per cubic foot 

The number of bags 

installed will be confirmed 

and will match the number 

required on the coverage 

chart 87 

Insulation will be verified to 

prevent visible air 

movement using chemical 

smoke at 50 Pascals of 

pressure difference 88 

Eliminate voids and settling 

Minimize framing cavity air 

flows 

87 16CFR460.17 88 ASTM E1186 - 03(2009) 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 309
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

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V 9.21

Topic: Exterior Walls 

Subtopic: Enclosed Exterior Walls 

31) Detail Name: Additional Exterior Wall Cavities 

Desired Outcome: 

•	 Properly installed insulation reduces heat flow through walls and framing 

cavities inaccessible to other treatments 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Location of cavities 

Details remaining in or 

between completed wall 

sections will be located and 

accessed 

Ensure the last gaps and 

framing edges in the 

thermal boundary, roofwall joints, floor-wall joints, 

etc. are found and finished 

2 Sealing 

Backing will be provided 

and all newly uncovered 

openings will be sealed with 

air barriers, foam or 

mastic, maintaining all 

required clearances 

Ensure the air barrier is 

connected across all 

accessible house elements 

3 Dense packing 

Using fill tube, 100% of 

each cavity will be 

completely filled to a 

consistent density: 

• Cellulose material will 

be installed to a 

minimum density of 3.5 

pounds per cubic foot 

• Loose fiber glass 

material will be installed 

and will be specifically 

approved for air flow 

resistance to a minimum 

density of 2.2 pounds 

per cubic foot 

The number of bags 

installed will be confirmed 

and will match the number 

Eliminate voids and settling 

Minimize framing cavity air 

flows 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 310
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

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required on the coverage 

chart 89 

Insulation will be verified to 

prevent visible air 

movement using chemical 

smoke at 50 Pascals of 

pressure difference 90 

4 Quality assurance 

Completed wall sections 

will be viewed using 

infrared camera with 

blower door operating 91 

Any voids or low density 

areas will be drilled and repacked 

Installation holes will be 

repaired and sealed 

All construction debris and 

dust will be collected and 

removed 

Establish air barrier and 

thermal boundary 

Confirm no voids or hidden 

air flows remain 

Ensure house is returned to 

watertight and clean 

condition 

5 Close holes 

Installation holes will be 

plugged as follows: 

• Exterior holes will be 

weather barrier patched 

• Interior holes will be 

rough coated and 

patched 

All construction debris and 

dust will be collected and 

removed 

Ensure house is returned to 

watertight and clean 

condition 

89 16CFR460.17 90 ASTM E1186 - 03(2009) 91 ASTM E1186 - 03(2009) 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 311
Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Floors 

Accessible Floors: 

32) Batt Installation Floor System 

33) Loose Fill Floor System with Netting 

34) Loose Fill Floor System with Rigid Barrier 

35) Batt Installation Cantilevered Floor 

36) Pier house subfloor insulation – Batt installation with rigid barrier 

37) Pier house subfloor insulation – loose fill with rigid barrier 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 312
 

 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Topic: Floors 

Subtopic: Accessible Floors 

32) Detail Name: Batt Installation Floor System 

Desired Outcome: 

•	 Consistent, uniform thermal boundary between conditioned and 

unconditioned space to prescribed R-value of an adjoining insulated 

assembly 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Sealing 

Sealing the floor system will 

be completed before 

insulating 

Ensure airtight envelope 

Prevent leakage 

2 Installation 

Insulation will be installed 

in contact with subfloor 

without gaps, voids, 

compressions, 

misalignments or wind 

intrusions 92 

If kraft faced batts are used, 

they will be installed with 

kraft-facing to subfloor 

Insulation will be installed 

to prescribed R-value 

Insulate to prescribed Rvalue 

3 Securing batts Batts will be secured with 

physical fasteners 93 

Ensure insulation remains in 

contact with subfloor 

4 Occupant education 

Documentation of material 

and R-value will be 

provided to occupant 94 

Provide occupant with 

documentation of 

installation 

92 ASTM C 1320-05 (09) 93 ASTM C 1320-05 (09) 94 16CFR460.17 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 313
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Topic: Floors 

Subtopic: Accessible Floors 

33) Detail Name: Loose Fill Floor System with Netting 

Desired Outcome: 

•	 Consistent, uniform thermal boundary between conditioned and 

unconditioned space to prescribed R-value of an adjoining insulated 

assembly 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Sealing 

Sealing the floor system will 

be completed before 

insulating 95 

Ensure airtight envelope 

Prevent leakage 

2 Netting, fabric 

When using netting or 

fabric, staples will be placed 

every 1 1⁄2” on center 

Netting or fabric will meet 

local fire codes 96 

Secure insulation in place 

3 Installation 

Insulation in netted or 

fabric cavities will be dense 

packed with loose fill 

insulation according to 

manufacturer 

specifications 97 

Insulation will be installed 

to prescribed R-value 

Insulation will be in 

continuous contact with air 

barrier 

Insulate to prescribed Rvalue 

Ensure a continuous 

thermal boundary between 

conditioned and 

unconditioned space 

4 Occupant education 

Documentation of material 

and R-value will be 

provided to occupant 98 

Provide occupant with 

documentation of 

installation 

95 ASTM E1186 - 03(2009) 96 ASTM E84 - 10 97 ASTM C1015 - 06 98 16CFR460.17 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 314
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Topic: Floors 

Subtopic: Accessible Floors 

34) Detail Name: Loose Fill Floor System with Rigid Barrier 

Desired Outcome: 

•	 Consistent uniform thermal boundary between conditioned and 

unconditioned space to prescribed R-value of an adjoining insulated 

assembly 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Sealing 

Sealing the floor system will 

be completed before 

insulating99 

Ensure airtight envelope 

Prevent leakage 

2 Rigid air barrier 

A rigid air barrier will be 

mechanically fastened to 

underside of floor assembly 

Seams and penetrations will 

be sealed 

Relocate air barrier 

3 Installation 

Loose fill insulation will be 

installed between air 

barrier and subfloor 

according to manufacturer 

specifications 100 

Insulation will be installed 

to prescribed R-value 

Insulate to prescribed Rvalue 

4 Occupant education 

Documentation of material 

and R-value will be 

provided to occupant 101 

Provide occupant with 

documentation of 

installation 

99 ASTM E1186 - 03(2009) 100 ASTM C1015 - 06 101 16CFR460.17 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 315
 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Topic: Floors 

Subtopic: Accessible Floors 

35) Detail Name: Batt Insulation Cantilevered Floor 

Desired Outcome: 

•	 Consistent, uniform thermal boundary between conditioned and 

unconditioned space to prescribed R-value of an adjoining insulated 

assembly 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Air barrier 

Air barrier will be installed 

between joists and sealed 

Air barrier will be placed to 

the most interior edge of 

the top plate of the wall 

below 

Separate cantilevered floor 

from conditioned floor 

space 

Allow for insulation 

2 Installation 

Air barrier will be insulated 

between joist from top 

plate of the wall below to 

subfloor above 

Cantilevered subfloor will 

be insulated in complete 

contact with the floor 

without gaps, voids, 

compressions, 

misalignments or wind 

intrusions 102 

If kraft-faced batts are 

used, they will be installed 

with kraft-facing to the air 

barrier 

Insulation will be installed 

to prescribed R-value 

Insulate to prescribed Rvalue 

102 ASTM C 1320-05 (09) 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 316
 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

3 Attachment Batts will be secured with 

physical fasteners 103 

Ensure insulation remains in 

contact with subfloor and 

air barrier 

4 Exterior soffit Exterior soffit material will 

be installed and sealed 

Cover and protect 

insulation 

5 Occupant education 

Documentation of material 

and R-value will be 

provided to occupant 104 

Provide occupant with 

documentation of 

installation 

103 ASTM C 1320-05 (09) 104 16CFR460.17 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 317
 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Topic: Floors 

Subtopic: Accessible Floors 

36) Detail Name: Pier house subfloor insulation – Batt installation with rigid barrier 

Desired Outcome: 

•	 Consistent, uniform thermal barrier between conditioned and unconditioned 

space to prescribed R-value of an adjoining insulated assembly 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Subfloor preparation 

Sealing between house and 

crawl space will be 

completed before insulating 

Ensure airtight envelope 

Prevent leakage 

2 Installation 

Insulation will be installed 

in contact with subfloor 

without gaps, voids, 

compressions, 

misalignments or wind 

intrusions 

If kraft faced batts are used, 

they will be installed with 

kraft-facing to subfloor 

Insulation will be installed 

to prescribed R-value 

Insulate to prescribed Rvalue 

3 Secure batts Batts will be secured with 

physical fasteners 

Ensure insulation remains in 

contact with subfloor 

4 Rigid air barrier 

A rigid air barrier will be 

mechanically fastened to 

underside of floor assembly 

Seams and penetrations will 

be sealed 

Protect Insulation 

5 Occupant education 

Documentation of material 

and R-value will be 

provided to occupant 

Provide occupant with 

documentation of 

installation 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 318
 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Topic: Floors 

Subtopic: Accessible Floors 

37) Detail Name: Pier house subfloor insulation – loose fill with rigid barrier 

Desired Outcome: 

•	 Consistent, uniform thermal barrier between conditioned and unconditioned 

space to prescribed R-value of an adjoining insulated assembly 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Subfloor preparation 

Sealing between house and 

crawl space will be 

completed before insulating 

Prevent air leakage 

2 Rigid air barrier 

A rigid air barrier will be 

mechanically fastened to 

underside of floor assembly 

Seams and penetrations will 

be sealed 

Relocate air barrier 

3 Installation 

Loose fill insulation will be 

installed between air 

barrier and subfloor 

according to manufacturer 

specifications 

Insulation will be installed 

to prescribed R-value 

Insulate to prescribed Rvalue 

4 Occupant education 

Documentation of material 

and R-value will be 

provided to occupant 

Provide occupant with 

documentation of 

installation 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 319
 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

SECTION 7: CRAWL SPACES AND BASEMENTS 

Table of Contents 

Health and Safety 

Safe Work Practices: 1 

1) Crawl Space and Basement Worker Safety
 

2) Combustion Safety
 

3) Material Selection, Labeling and Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS)
 

Separation of Basements and Crawl Spaces: 

4) Basements Connected to Crawl Spaces 

Crawl Space Health and Safety: 

5) Radon 

6) Access 

7) Crawl Space Information Sign 

8) Occupant Education 

9) Return and Supply Plenums 

10) Warranty and Service Agreement 

Basement Health and Safety: 

11) Knob and Tube Wiring 

Crawl Spaces 

Site Preparation: 

12) Pre-Work Qualifications
 

13) Debris Removal
 

14) Drainage
 

15) Preliminary Dehumidification
 

16) Negative Pressure Contamination Control
 

17) Sealing Floor Penetrations
 

18) Regional Considerations
 

Vented Crawl Spaces: 

19) Ground Moisture Barrier 

1 Appendix D – OSHA Personal Protective Equipment Standards 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 320
Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

20) Venting 

Closed Crawl Spaces: 

21) Skirting on Post and Pier Foundations 

22) Air Sealing the Foundation Vents 

23) Air Sealing the Exterior Wall 

24) Air Sealing Brick Curtain Wall with Piers 

25) Vapor Retarders on Walls 

26) Attached Crawl Spaces Under Unconditioned Spaces 

27) Wall Insulation 

28) Ground Moisture Barrier 

29) Crawl Space Conditioning 

30) Regional Considerations 

Basements 

Insulation and Conditioning: 

31) Basement Wall Insulation –No Ground Water Leakage 

32) Basement Wall Insulation –Ground Water Leakage 

33) Dehumidification 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 321
 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Health and Safety 

Safe Work Practices: 

1) Crawl Space and Basement Worker Safety 

2) Combustion Safety 

3) Material Selection, Labeling and Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) 

Separation of Basements and Crawl Spaces: 

4) Basements Connected to Crawl Spaces 

Crawl Space Health and Safety: 

5) Radon 

6) Access 

7) Crawl Space Information Sign 

8) Occupant Education 

9) Return and Supply Plenums 

10) Service Agreement and Warranty 

Basement Health and Safety: 

11) Knob and Tube Wiring 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 322
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Topic: Health and Safety 

Subtopic: Safe Work Practices 

1) Detail Name: Crawl Space and Basement Worker Safety
 

Desired Outcome:
 

• Work completed safely without injury or hazardous exposure 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Hand protection 

Durable gloves will be worn 

that will withstand work 

activity 

Minimize skin contact with 

contaminants 

Protect hands from sharp 

objects 

2 Respiratory 

protection 

Respirators appropriate for 

the contaminants present will 

be worn (e.g. N-95 or 

equivalent face mask) 2 

Minimize exposure to airborne 

contaminants (e.g. insulation 

materials, mold spores, feces, 

bacteria, chemicals) 

3 Electrical safety 3,4 

An electrical safety 

assessment will be performed 

All electric tools will be 

protected by Ground-Fault 

Circuit Interrupters 5 

Extension cords used with 

portable electric tools will be of 

three-wire type 

Worn or frayed electric cords 

will not be used 

Water such as condensate 

pans and electrical sources 

will be kept separate 

Avoid electrical shock and arc 

flash hazards 

2 OSHA Technical Manual Section VIII: Chapter 2, section IV 

3 NAHB-OSHA Jobsite Safety Handbook, Second Edition: Electrical 4 29 CFR 1926 Subpart K – Electrical 5 http://www.osha.gov/SLTC/etools/construction/electrical_incidents/gfci.html - OSHA eTool 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 323
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

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V 9.21

4 Protective clothing 6 

If contaminants are present, 

(e.g. feces, chemicals) 

removable protective clothing 

will be worn 

Eye protection will be worn at 

all times (e.g. safety glasses, 

goggles if not using full face 

respirator) 

Protect worker from skin 

contact with contaminants 

Minimize spread of 

contaminants 

5 Confined space safety 

7,8 

Access and egress points will 

be located before beginning 

work 

Inspection will be conducted 

for frayed electrical wires 

Adequate ventilation will be 

provided 

Use of toxic material will be 

reduced 

Prevent build-up of toxic or 

flammable contaminants 

Provide adequate access and 

egress 

Avoid electrical shock 

6 Power tool safety 9 

Power tools will be inspected 

and used according to 

manufacturer specifications 

to eliminate hazards 

associated with missing 

ground prongs, ungrounded 

circuits, misuse of power 

tools, noise and improper or 

defective cords or extension 

cords 

All devices used will be 

verified as GFI protected or 

double insulated 

Exhaust gases from 

compressors and generators 

Prevent power tool injuries 

6 OSHA Technical Manual Section VIII: Chapter 1, part III 

7 ASTM D4276 - 02(2007) 8 http://www.osha.gov/SLTC/confinedspaces/index.html - OSHA Confined Space Webpage 9 29 CFR 1910 Subpart P - Hand and portable powered tools and other hand-held equipment 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 324
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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will be prevented from 

entering crawl space 10 

7 Chemical safety The least toxic suitable 

material will be chosen 11 

Prevent worker exposure to 

toxic substances 

8 Ergonomic safety 12 

Personal Protective 

Equipment will be used (e.g. 

knee pads, bump caps, 

additional padding) 

Avoid injuries with awkward 

postures and repetitive 

motions 

9 Hand tool safety Hand tools will be used for 

intended purpose 13 Reduce injuries 

10 Slips, trips and falls 14 

Caution will be used around 

power cords, hoses, tarps and 

plastic sheeting 

Appropriate footwear and 

clothing will be worn 

Eliminate injuries due to slips, 

trips and falls 

11 Prevention through 

design 

Design will be incorporated to 

eliminate or minimize hazards 

(e.g. material selection, 

access to equipment for 

installation and maintenance, 

placement of equipment, 

duct work and condensate 

lines) 15 

Prevent worker injuries, 

exposure to toxic substances 

and physical hazards 

10 Appendix D – OSHA Personal Protective Equipment Standards 11 29 CFR 1910 Subpart Z - Toxic and Hazardous Substances 12 http://www.osha.gov/SLTC/ergonomics/index.html - OSHA Ergonomics Webpage 13 29 CFR 1910 Subpart P - Hand and portable powered tools and other hand-held equipment 14 29 CFR 1926 Subpart M - Fall Protection 15 29 CFR 1926 Subpart C - General Safety and Health Provisions 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 325
 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Topic: Health and Safety 

Subtopic: Safe Work Practices 

2) Detail Name: Combustion Safety
 

Desired Outcome:
 

• Buildup of dangerous combustion byproducts in the living space prevented 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Outside combustion 

makeup air 

Combustion air for fuelburning appliances will be 

supplied from outside Prevent combustion 

byproducts from entering 

the house 

2 New appliances 

If replacing appliances, a 

sealed-combustion, directvent appliance will be 

installed 

3 Carbon monoxide (CO) 

monitor and alarm 

A CO alarm will be installed 

that displays real-time CO 

levels inside of the living 

space 

Device will be installed 

according to manufacturer 

specifications 

Alert occupant to CO 

exposure 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 326
 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Topic: Health and Safety 

Subtopic: Safe Work Practices 

3) Detail Name: Material Selection, Labeling and Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) 

Desired Outcome: 

• Occupant and worker risk from hazardous materials minimized 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Material selection 

Materials that do not create 

long-term health risks for 

occupants and workers will 

be used 

Improve indoor air quality in 

the living space 

2 Material labels Manufacturer specifications 

will be followed 

Reduce risk of exposure 

Follow safety procedures 

3 Material Safety Data 

Sheets (MSDS) 

MSDS will be provided on 

site and available during all 

work 

Assess exposure risk and 

prepare a response in case of 

emergency 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 327
 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Topic: Health and Safety 

Subtopic: Separation of Basements and Crawl Spaces 

4)	 Detail Name: Basements Connected to Crawl Spaces* 

Desired Outcome: 

•	 Crawl spaces and basements are separated using appropriate methods that 

define spaces and allow for treatment according to specifications 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Conditioned basements 

with vented crawl spaces 

Crawl space will be 

separated from the 

conditioned basement with 

a continuous air barrier, 

ground moisture barrier and 

thermal boundary* 

Create separation and 

define spaces 

Enable treatment of crawl 

spaces and basements by 

referenced specifications 

Increase house durability 

and energy efficiency 

2 Conditioned basements 

with closed crawl spaces 

Crawl space will be 

separated from the 

conditioned basement with 

a continuous air barrier and 

ground moisture barrier* 

3 Unconditioned basements 

with vented crawl spaces 

Vented crawl space will be 

separated from the 

unconditioned basement 

with a continuous air barrier 

and ground moisture 

barrier* 

4 Unconditioned basements 

with closed crawl spaces 

Unconditioned basement 

will be treated as an 

extension of the closed 

crawl space* 

*Follow specifications for conditioned/unconditioned basements and vented/closed crawl spaces 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 328
 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Topic: Health and Safety 

Subtopic: Occupant Health 

5) Detail Name: Radon 

Desired Outcome:
 

• Work completed without increasing occupant exposure to radon 

Row Title Specification(s) Objectives(s) 

1 Radon Testing and 

Mitigation 

EPA Guidelines for Radon 

in current edition of 

“Healthy Indoor 

Environment Protocols for 

Home Energy Retrofits” will 

be followed 

Complete retrofit work 

without increasing 

occupant exposure to 

radon 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 329
 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Topic: Health and Safety 

Subtopic: Crawl Space Health and Safety 

6)	 Detail Name: Access 

Desired Outcome: 

•	 Access to the closed crawl space is controlled and the ground moisture 

barrier is protected to maintain the integrity of the system 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Access 

Crawl space will be accessible for 

service and maintenance without 

risk of damage to the thermal and 

air barrier and ground moisture 

barrier 

Provide crawl space 

access 

Maintain integrity of the 

crawl space system 

2 Lock A lockable access will be provided 

if access is from the exterior 

Control access and 

prevent intruders 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 330
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Topic: Health and Safety 

Subtopic: Crawl Space Health and Safety 

7)	 Detail Name: Crawl Space Information Sign 

Desired Outcome: 

•	 Posted signs inside of the crawl space provide essential safety and 

maintenance information to occupant and users of the crawl space 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Sign specifications 

A durable, easily seen sign 

will be installed at all 

accesses inside of the crawl 

space (minimum 8 1⁄2” x 11”) 

A minimum expected service 

life of 10 years will be 

ensured 16 

Prevent damage to the 

crawl space after retrofit 

Those entering the crawl 

space will be cautioned not to 

damage the air barrier, 

ground moisture barrier, 

insulation and mechanical 

components specific to the 

crawl space type 

Prevent damage to the 

crawl space after retrofit 

2 Sign content Anyone entering the crawl 

space will be alerted that 

immediate repairs are 

needed in case of damage 

The installer’s contact 

information will be included 

on the sign in case there are 

questions or needs for repairs 

Educate anyone entering 

the crawl space 

Provide occupants with a 

way to contact the installer 

3 Hazard warning 

Language prohibiting storage 

of hazards and flammable 

materials will be provided on 

site 

Prevent storage of 

hazardous or flammable 

materials in the crawl space 

Maintain indoor air quality 

16 ASTM C1136 - 10 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 331
Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Prevent a fire hazard 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 332
 

 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Topic: Health and Safety 

Subtopic: Crawl Space Health and Safety 

8) Detail Name: Occupant Education
 

Desired Outcome:
 

• Occupants educated on the crawl space system and how to maintain it 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Written communication 

Occupants will be given 

written documentation that 

describes components of 

the system, maintenance 

requirements, and health 

and safety considerations at 

a minimum 

Information will be 

provided in simple terms 

Text and pictures will be 

used 

Documentation may be 

provided electronically 

Provide occupant with a basic 

understanding and 

documentation of the system, 

its maintenance and related 

health and safety issues 

2 Oral communication 

When possible, the written 

documents will be reviewed 

with the occupants 

Confirm that occupants have 

received the information 

Provide an opportunity for 

questions and answers 

3 Contact information 

Information about the 

installation company and 

warranty will be provided 

Provide occupants with a way 

to contact the installer 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 333
 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Topic: Health and Safety 

Subtopic: Crawl Space Health and Safety 

9)	 Detail Name: Return and Supply Plenums 

Desired Outcome: 

•	 Connections between the crawl space and living space eliminated to improve 

indoor air quality (IAQ) and efficiency of the distribution system 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 

Supply plenums 

(includes conditioned crawl 

spaces) Crawl spaces that are 

used as heating and 

cooling supply plenums 

will not be allowed 

Improve IAQ in the living 

space 

Eliminate connection 

between the crawl space and 

living space 

Achieve energy impacts 

2 Return plenums 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 334
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Topic: Health and Safety 

Subtopic: Crawl Space Health and Safety 

10) Detail Name: Warranty and Service Agreement 

Desired Outcome: 

•	 Occupants provided recourse for failures in materials, workmanship and 

serviceability and informed of potential hazards 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Warranty 

A minimum one-year 

warranty for materials, 

workmanship and 

serviceability will be provided 

The warranty will be provided 

to occupants before work 

Provide recourse to 

occupants for failures in 

materials, workmanship and 

serviceability 

2 Warranty renewal and 

service agreement 

An option for annual 

inspection and renewal of 

warranty and service 

agreement for up to 10 years 

will be offered at a cost 

(requirement for installers) 

Provide occupants with an 

option for extending the 

warranty and service 

agreement 

3 General conditions 

At a minimum, the following 

concerns and warnings will be 

addressed within the 

warranty: possible drying and 

shrinking effects; storage of 

hazardous and flammable 

materials; mold 

Educate occupants on 

potential hazards 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 335
 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Topic: Health and Safety 

Subtopic: Basement Health and Safety 

11) Detail Name: Knob and Tube Wiring
 

Desired Outcome:
 

• Live unsafe wiring identified and brought to local codes 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Knob and tube 

identification 

The house will be visually 

inspected 

Protect occupant safety 

Preserve the integrity 

and safety of the house 

2 Live wire testing 

Noncontact testing method 

will be used to determine if 

wiring is live 

3 Isolation and protection 

Live knob and tube will not be 

covered or surrounded 

A dam that does not cover the 

top will be created to separate 

insulation from the wire path 

4 Replacement 

Exposed wiring will be 

replaced with new appropriate 

wiring and old wiring rendered 

inoperable by licensed 

electrician according to local 

codes 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 336
 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Crawl Spaces 

Site Preparation: 

12) Pre-Work Qualifications
 

13) Debris Removal
 

14) Drainage
 

15) Preliminary Dehumidification
 

16) Negative Pressure Contamination Control
 

17) Sealing Floor Penetrations
 

18) Regional Considerations
 

Vented Crawl Spaces: 

19) Ground Moisture Barrier 

20) Venting 

21) Floor Insulation – Batts 

22) Floor Insulation – Loose Fill with Netting or Fabric 

23) Floor Insulation – Loose Fill with Rigid Air Barrier beneath floor assembly 

Closed Crawl Spaces: 

24) Skirting on Post and Pier Foundations
 

25) Air Sealing the Foundation Vents
 

26) Air Sealing the Exterior Wall 

27) Air Sealing Brick Curtain Wall with Piers
 

28) Vapor Retarders on Walls
 

29) Attached Crawl Spaces Under Unconditioned Spaces
 

30) Wall Insulation
 

31) Ground Moisture Barrier
 

32) Crawl Space Conditioning
 

33) Regional Considerations
 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 337
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Topic: Crawl Spaces 

Subtopic: Site Preparation 

12) Detail Name: Pre-Work Qualifications
 

Desired Outcome:
 

• Site properly prepared for retrofit 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Fuel leaks Fuel leaks will be repaired 17 

Ensure site is safe and 

ready for retrofit 

2 Electrical hazards Electrical hazards will be 

eliminated 18 

3 Mold 

Appropriate remediation will 

be completed before retrofit 

19 

4 Combustion appliances 

Needs for combustion 

appliances will be addressed 

as prescribed by local codes 

and Building Performance 

Institute (BPI) or equivalent 

combustion safety protocol 20 

5 Plumbing and water leaks 

Plumbing leaks will be 

repaired before crawl space 

retrofit 21 

Prepare site for retrofit 

6 Pest and termite work 

Pest and termite treatment 

will be completed before 

crawl space retrofit 

7 Structural repairs, 

modifications 

Structural repairs and 

modifications will be 

completed before retrofit 22 

17 ASTM D4276 - 02(2007) 18 ASTM D4276 - 02(2007) 19 ASTM D4276 - 02(2007) 20 ASTM E1998 - 02(2007) 21 ASTM E241 -08 22 ASTM E241 -08 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 338
 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

8 

Appliance and heating, 

ventilation and air 

conditioning (HVAC) system 

repairs and change outs 

Appliances and HVAC system 

repairs or change outs will be 

completed before retrofit 

9 Correctable standing water 

Passive drains or sump pumps 

will be used to remove 

standing water 23 

10 Non-correctable standing 

water 

Spaces with non-correctable 

standing water should not be 

considered for a closed crawl 

space 24 

Eliminate possible 

damage to house 

23 ASTM E241 -08 24 ASTM E241 -08 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 339
 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Topic: Crawl Spaces 

Subtopic: Site Preparation 

13) Detail Name: Debris Removal
 

Desired Outcome:
 

• Clean, safe and easily accessible crawl space created 

Row Title Specification(s) Desired Outcome(s) 

1 Debris removal 

All unnecessary material and 

debris greater than 1” will be 

removed from the crawl space 

(e.g., rake the crawl space) 25 

Minimize punctures in ground 

liner 

Minimize habitat for pests 

(Integrated Pest ManagementIPM) and contaminant sources 

2 Debris disposal 

Debris will be properly 

disposed of according to type 

and jurisdiction 

Protect environment from 

damage 

25 ASTM D4276 – 02(2007) section 5.3.3 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 340
 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Topic: Crawl Spaces 

Subtopic: Site Preparation 

14) Detail Name: Drainage 

Desired Outcome: 

•	 Water and conditions conducive to mold growth, wood rot and pests 

eliminated 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Exterior grading Ground will be sloped away 

from the house 26 

Drain water away from the 

foundation wall 

2 Roof drainage 

If downspouts are present 

(e.g., gutters, overhangs, 

French drain), they will be 

drained a minimum of 6’ 

away from the house 

Prevent roof water from 

leaking into the crawl space 

or basement 

3 Exterior waterproofing 

Foundation walls will be 

waterproof 27 

Exterior foundation drains 

will be installed 28 

Prevent water from leaking 

into the crawl space or 

basement 

4 Interior grading 

Interior grading will be 

sloped to one or more 

collection points if possible 29 

Collect interior water for 

removal 

5 Interior drainage One or more drains or sump 

pumps will be installed 30 

Remove interior water from 

the crawl space or basement 

26 ASTM Moisture Control in Buildings Manual 27 ASTM Moisture Control in Buildings Manual 28 ASTM Moisture Control in Buildings Manual 29 ASTM Moisture Control in Buildings Manual 30 ASTM Moisture Control in Buildings Manual 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 341
 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Topic: Crawl Spaces 

Subtopic: Site Preparation 

15) Detail Name: Preliminary Dehumidification
 

Desired Outcome:
 

• A dry and moisture controlled space ensured 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Close vents Vents and other openings will 

be closed 

Reduce moisture load coming 

from outside of the crawl 

space 

2 Drying 

Crawl space area will be dried 

until any liquid moisture is 

eliminated 

Reduce moisture in the crawl 

space 

Improve work environment 

3 Drying time 

Space will be dehumidified 

until wood moisture content 

in solid, untreated lumber is 

less than 20% 

Reduce moisture content of 

wood 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 342
 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Topic: Crawl Spaces 

Subtopic: Site Preparation 

16) Detail Name: Negative Pressure Contamination Control
 

Desired Outcome:
 

• Contaminants prevented from entering house during work process 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Exterior sealing 

Openings in the crawl space 

exterior foundation wall will be 

closed to maximize negative 

pressure (close the vents) 

Minimize leakage area 

between crawl space 

and exterior 

2 Interior sealing 

Penetrations between the crawl 

space and living space will be 

sealed 31 

Minimize air leakage 

from crawl space to 

living space 

3 Pressure 

A device will be installed (e.g., 

fan) to exhaust air out of the 

crawl space until the ground 

moisture barrier is installed in 

the crawl space 

A negative pressure will be 

maintained in the crawl space 

with reference to the house 32 

Prevent contaminants 

from entering house 

31 ASTM C1193 – 05a section 16 32 ASTM E1827-96(2007) 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 343
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Topic: Crawl Spaces 

Subtopic: Site Preparation 

17) Detail Name: Sealing Floor Penetrations 

Desired Outcome: 

• Air leakage prevented 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Backing and infill 

Backing or infill will be 

provided as needed to 

meet the specific 

characteristics of the 

selected sealant and the 

characteristics of the 

penetration 

The backing or infill will 

not bend, sag or move 

once installed 

Ensure resulting closure is 

permanent and supports any 

load such as insulation 

Ensure sealant does not fall out 

2 Sealant selection 33 

Sealants will be used to 

fill holes no larger than 

recommended by 

manufacturer 

specifications 34 

Sealants will be 

compatible with all 

adjoining surfaces 

Create a permanent seal 

Ensure sealant meets or 

exceeds the performance 

characteristics of the 

surrounding materials 

Sealants will be 

continuous and meet fire 

barrier specifications 

33 ASTM C1193 - 09 34 ASTM C1193 - 09 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 344
 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

3 High temperature 

application 

Only non-combustible 

materials will be used in 

contact with chimneys, 

Prevent a fire hazard 

vents and flues 35 

35 ASTM C1193 - 09 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 345
Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Topic: Crawl Spaces 

Subtopic: Site Preparation 

18) Detail Name: Regional Considerations 

Row Region Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Very Cold There are currently no regional 

considerations for this section 

2 Cold 

3 Mixed Humid 

4 Hot Humid 

5 Marine 

6 Hot Dry 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 346
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Topic: Crawl Spaces 

Subtopic: Vented Crawl Spaces 

19) Detail Name: Ground Moisture Barrier 

Desired Outcome: 

•	 Durable, effective ground moisture barrier provides ongoing access and 

minimizes ground vapor 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Scheduling The ground moisture barrier will 

be installed last 

Protect ground moisture 

barrier from damage during 

other crawl space work 

2 Coverage 

A ground moisture barrier that 

covers 100% of the exposed crawl 

space floor will be installed 36 

Reduce ground moisture 

entering the crawl space 

3 Material specification 

A ground moisture barrier with a 

rating of no more than .1 perm 

will be used 37 

A minimum expected service life 

of 10 years will be ensured 38 

A ground moisture barrier will be 

used that meets tear and 

puncture resistance standard 

ASTM D703 

Ensure crawl space is 

accessible for service and 

maintenance without 

damaging the integrity of 

the ground moisture 

barrier 

4 Overlap seams 

When seams exist, they will be 

overlapped a minimum of 12” 

using “reverse or upslope 

lapping” technique 39 

Keep water under the liner 

Reduce the likelihood of 

damage at seams 

36 ASTM Moisture Control in Buildings Manual 37 IBC 1203.3.2 and IECC 402.2.9 38 ASTM C1136 - 10 39ASTM E1643 – 98 section 5 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 347
 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Ground moisture barrier will be 

5 Fastening 

fastened to ground with durable 

fasteners 40 Prevent movement of the 

ground moisture barrier 

A minimum expected service life 

of 10 years will be ensured 41 

40 ASTM E1643 – 98 section 6.4 41 ASTM C1136 - 10 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 348
 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Topic: Crawl Spaces 

Subtopic: Vented Crawl Spaces 

20) Detail Name: Venting
 

Desired Outcome:
 

• Pollutants effectively vented 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Venting IRC 2009 (1203) or local 

codes will be followed 42 

Provide ventilation for 

pollutant sources (e.g., 

moisture, radon, soil gases) 

2 Seal Vent Penetration Use materials that will keep 

pests out of the crawl space Keep out pests 

42 IBC 1203.3.1 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 349
 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Topic: Crawl Spaces 

Subtopic: Closed Crawl Spaces 

21) Detail Name: Skirting Post and Pier Foundations 

Desired Outcome: 

•	 Protective skirting effectively installed to retard damage from natural causes 

such as wind, water and pests 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Skirting 

Any materials making 

contact with ground will be 

rated for ground contact 

Skirting will be continuous 

around the perimeter and 

enclose the entire floor 

area below the conditioned 

living space 

Minimize pests, wind, 

water and freezing of pipes 

under house 

2 Flashing 

Skirting will be flashed to 

prevent the entrance of 

water 

Prevent water from 

entering space under 

house 

3 Fastening Entire skirting will be 

mechanically fastened Ensure lasting retrofit 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 350
 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Topic: Crawl Spaces 

Subtopic: Closed Crawl Spaces 

22) Detail Name: Sealing the Foundation Vents 

Desired Outcome: 

•	 Air and moisture penetration through the existing vent into the crawl space 

blocked 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Vent closure 

Vent opening will be 

permanently closed and 

sealed 43 

Prevent air and moisture 

penetration 

43 IBC 1203.3.2 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 351
 

 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Topic: Crawl Spaces 

Subtopic: Closed Crawl Spaces 

23) Detail Name: Sealing the Exterior Wall
 

Desired Outcome:
 

• Well sealed exterior wall prevents leakage and pests 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Seal penetrations 

Penetrations will be sealed 

with a durable material 44 

A minimum expected 

service life of 10 years will 

be ensured 45 

Prevent air and moisture 

leakage into crawl space 

2 Pest exclusion 

If penetration is greater 

than 1⁄4”, a pest-proof 

material will be used 

Prevent pest entry 

44 ASTM C1193 - 09 45ASTM C1136 - 10 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 352
 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Topic: Crawl Spaces 

Subtopic: Closed Crawl Spaces 

24) Detail Name: Sealing Brick Curtain Wall with Piers
 

Desired Outcome: 

• Well sealed exterior wall prevents leakage and pests 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Seal penetrations 

Penetrations will be sealed with 

a durable material, including 

the following: 46 

• Sealing rain screen to crawl 

space connection 

• Re-venting exterior weep 

holes with wicking rope 

A minimum expected service 

life of 10 years will be ensured 

47 

Reduce moisture vapor and 

water from entering the crawl 

space through the rain screen 

Decrease probability of rot 

2 Pest exclusion 

If penetration is greater than 

1⁄4”, a pest-proof material will 

be used 

Prevent pest entry 

46 ASTM C1193 - 09 47 ASTM C1136 - 10 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 353
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Topic: Crawl Spaces 

Subtopic: Closed Crawl Spaces 

25) Detail Name: Vapor Retarders on Walls
 

Desired Outcome:
 

• Durable, effective vapor retarder minimizes leakage from ground and air 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Air barrier and vapor 

retarder 

An air barrier and vapor 

retarder will be installed on 

the interior side of the 

exterior wall of the closed 

crawl space with a rating of 

no more than .13 perm 48 

Prevent air and moisture 

penetration 

2 Coverage 

A material will be installed a 

minimum of 1’ or as high as 

possible above outside grade 

49 

Prevent air and moisture 

penetration 

3 Termite inspection gap 

Where termite pressure 

exists, a 3” inspection gap 

will be maintained from the 

top of the insulation to the 

bottom of any wood 

Allow for termite detection 

4 Attachment 

The vapor retarder will be 

attached with a durable 

connection 50 

The vapor retarder will be 

sealed at punctures and 

seams to prevent air entry 51 

A minimum expected service 

life of 10 years will be 

ensured 52 

Ensure vapor retarder 

maintains a fixed position 

on the exterior wall 

Ensure vapor retarder is air 

tight 

48ASTM C1136 - 10 49 ASTM Moisture Control in Buildings Manual 50 ASTM E1643 – 98 section 5 51 ASTM E1643 – 98 section 5 52 ASTM C1136 - 10 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 354
 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

The vapor retarder will be 

installed a minimum of 6” 

above interior grade 

5 Piers and interior walls 

The vapor retarder will be 

attached with a durable 

connection 53 

The vapor retarder will be 

sealed at punctures and 

seams to prevent air entry 54 

Prevent ground moisture 

penetration 

A minimum expected service 

life of 10 years will be 

ensured 55 

53 ASTM E1643 – 98 section 5 54ASTM E1643 – 98 section 5 55 ASTM C1136 - 10 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 355
 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Topic: Crawl Spaces 

Subtopic: Closed Crawl Spaces 

26) Detail Name: Attached Crawl Spaces Under Unconditioned Spaces 

Desired Outcome: 

• Closed, attached crawl spaces sealed but remain accessible 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Separate crawl spaces 

A continuous air and vapor 

barrier between the attached 

crawl space under 

unconditioned spaces and the 

closed crawl space will be 

maintained 56 

Prevent air and moisture 

penetration 

2 Entry point 

An entry point to the isolated 

attached crawl spaces under 

unconditioned spaces will be 

provided 57 

Provide access to attached 

crawl space for inspections 

56 IECC 402.2.3 57 IECC 402.2.3 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 356
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Topic: Crawl Spaces 

Subtopic: Closed Crawl Spaces 

27) Detail Name: Wall Insulation
 

Desired Outcome:
 

• Closed crawl spaces insulated to achieve best thermal performance possible 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Insulation selection 

A non-absorbent, fire-rated 

insulation will be used with 

a minimum life expectancy 

of 10 years 58 

Improve thermal 

2 Location performance 

Insulation will be installed 

on either the exterior of 

interior of the exterior 

closed crawl space wall 59 

3 R-value 

Regional IECC will be 

followed for required Rvalues 60 

4 Termite inspection gap 

Where termite pressure 

exists, a 3” inspection gap 

will be maintained from the 

top of the insulation to the 

bottom of any wood 

Allow for termite detection 

5 Attachment 

Insulation will be attached 

with a durable connection 

A minimum expected 

service life of 10 years will 

be ensured 61 

Maintain insulation 

performance without 

compromising the air or 

vapor barrier 

6 Band joist and wood 

foundation walls 

A vapor-diffuse insulation 

will be installed 

Where termite pressure 

exists, removable band joist 

insulation will be installed 

Improve thermal 

performance 

Allow for termite inspection 

and drying of wood 

materials 

58 C1320 – 05(2009)e1 59 E241 - 09 60 IECC Section 301 61 ASTM C1136 - 10 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 357
 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

7 

Band joist and wood 

foundation walls (cold 

climates) 

Insulation will be installed 

with a vapor barrier on the 

warm side of the 

insulation 62 

Where termite pressure 

exists, removable band joist 

insulation will be installed 

Improve thermal 

performance 

Prevent moisture 

condensation on the inside 

of the band joist or wood 

walls 

Allow for termite inspection 

and drying of wood 

materials 

62 C1320 – 05(2009)e1 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 358
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Topic: Crawl Spaces 

Subtopic: Closed Crawl Spaces 

28) Detail Name: Ground Moisture Barriers 

Desired Outcome: 

•	 Durable, effective air barrier and ground moisture barrier provide ongoing 

access and minimize ground vapor 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Scheduling The air barrier and ground moisture 

barrier will be installed last 

Protect air barrier and 

ground moisture barrier 

from damage during 

other work in the crawl 

space 

2 Coverage 

An air barrier and ground moisture 

barrier, covering 100% of the 

exposed crawl space floor will be 

installed and sealed to the wall’s air 

and moisture barrier 63 

Reduce ground vapor 

entering the crawl space 

Create a continuous and 

durable connection 

between the wall and 

ground air and moisture 

barriers 

3 Material 

specification 

A ground moisture barrier with a 

rating of no more than .1 perm will 

be used 64 

A minimum expected service life of 

10 years will be ensured 65 

A ground moisture barrier will be 

used that meets tear and puncture 

resistance standard ASTM D703 

Reduce ground vapor 

from entering the crawl 

space 

Ensure crawl space is 

accessible for service and 

maintenance without 

destroying the integrity 

of the moisture barrier 

4 Overlap seams 

When seams exist, they will be 

overlapped a minimum of 12” with 

“reverse or upslope lapping” 

technique 66 

Keep water under the 

liner 

63 ASTM Moisture Control in Buildings Manual 64 IBC 1203.3.2 and IECC 402.2.9 65 ASTM C1136 - 10 66 ASTM E1643 – 98 section 5 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 359
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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For wall to floor connection, the wall 

moisture barrier will be installed 

under the ground moisture barrier 67 

5 Fastening 

The air barrier and ground moisture 

barrier will be fastened to ground to 

prevent movement 68 

A minimum expected service life of 

10 years will be ensured 69 

Prevent movement and 

uplift of the air barrier 

and ground moisture 

barrier 

6 Sealing seams 

A durable sealant compatible with 

the air barrier and ground moisture 

barrier will be used 70 

A minimum expected service life of 

10 years will be ensured 71 

Maintain continuous air 

barrier and ground 

moisture barrier 

7 

Air barrier, ground 

moisture barrier 

penetrations, 

including fastener 

penetrations 

A durable sealant compatible with 

the air barrier and ground moisture 

barrier will be used 

Physical attachments will be 

provided where practical (e.g., 

masonry columns, footings) 

A minimum expected service life of 

10 years will be ensured 72 

Maintain continuous air 

barrier and ground 

moisture barrier 

8 Drainage 

The air barrier and ground moisture 

barrier will not interfere with the 

established drainage pattern 

Ensure proper drainage 

67 E241 - 09 68ASTM E1643 – 98 section 6.4 69 ASTM C1136 - 10 70 ASTM C1193 - 09 71 ASTM C1136 - 10 72 ASTM C1136 - 10 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 360
 

 

 

 

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Interior drainage collection points Remove water above 

9 Drainage points will be accessible from above and 

below the air barrier and ground 

and below the air barrier 

and ground moisture 

moisture barrier barrier 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 361
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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Topic: Crawl Spaces 

Subtopic: Closed Crawl Spaces 

29) Detail Name: Crawl Space Conditioning 

Desired Outcome: 

•	 Humidity in closed crawl space is controlled to reduce moisture damage, 

energy consumption and pests 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 No return pathway to 

living space 

A return pathway from the crawl 

space to the living space will not 

be allowed 

Improve indoor air 

quality (IAQ) in the 

living space 

2 Option 1: 

Dehumidifier 

Option 1 may be used in 

combination with any other 

specified options 

A permanent, low-temperature, 

auto-restart, minimum ENERGY 

STAR® rated dehumidifier will be 

installed with a minimum rated 

capacity of 15 pints per day 

Condensate will be drained to 

daylight or a condensation pump 

Maintain low relative 

humidity 

Reduce conditions 

conducive to pest 

activity 

Reduce conditions 

conducive to mold 

growth and wood rot 

Improve IAQ in the 

conditioned space 

Improve equipment 

service life 

Save energy in coolingdominated climates 

3 Option 2: 

Supply air 

Option 2 may be used in 

combination with any other 

specified options 

Air from a central forced-air 

conditioning system will be 

supplied at a rate of 1 cubic foot 

per minute (CFM) per 30 square 

feet of closed crawl space area 

Maintain low relative 

humidity 

Reduce conditions 

conducive to pest 

activity 

Reduce conditions 

conducive to mold 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 362
 

 

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The supply air duct will be fitted 

with a backflow damper 

growth and wood rot 

Improve IAQ in the 

conditioned space 

Improve equipment 

service life 

Save energy in coolingdominated climates 

Prevent crawl space air 

from entering the living 

space when forced-air 

system is off 

4 Option 3: 

Conditioned house air 

Option 3 may be used in 

combination with any other 

specified options 

A continuous-duty, Home 

Ventilation Institute (HVI)-rated, 

1-sone or less fan will be installed 

that supplies 1 CFM of 

conditioned house air per 50 

square feet of closed crawl space 

Maintain low relative 

humidity 

Reduce conditions 

conducive to pest 

activity 

Reduce conditions 

conducive to mold 

growth and wood rot 

Improve IAQ in the 

conditioned space 

area 

Optional: An air relief vent to the 

outside may be installed 

Improve equipment 

service life 

Save energy in coolingdominated climates 

5 Option 4: 

Exhaust 

A continuous-duty, HVI-rated, 1­

sone or less fan will be installed 

that exhausts 1 CFM of closed 

crawl space air per 50 square feet 

of closed crawl space area 

Maintain low relative 

humidity 

Reduce conditions 

conducive to pest 

activity 

Reduce conditions 

conducive to mold 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 363
 

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growth and wood rot 

Improve IAQ in the 

conditioned space 

Improve equipment 

service life 

Save energy in coolingdominated climates 

6 Monitoring alarm 

system 

A durable humidity monitoring 

system with alarm capability will 

be installed 

A minimum expected service life 

of 10 years will be ensured 73 

Alert occupant to 

system failure 

73 ASTM C1136 - 10 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 364
 

 

 

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Topic: Crawl Space 

Subtopic: Closed Crawl Spaces 

30) Detail Name: Regional Considerations 

Row Region Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Very Cold 

2 Cold 

3 Mixed Humid 

There will be a 3” view gap in 

closed crawl spaces for areas of 

high or moderate termite 

infestation 

Gap will be covered by a 

removable insulation plug and 

there will be removable band 

joist insulation to facilitate 

termite inspections 

A leak alarm will be installed in 

the crawl space and basement 

Ensure ease of detection of 

termite infestation and 

reduce energy loss 

Provide water detection in 

case of malfunction 

4 Hot Humid 

5 Marine 

Air and wind will be blocked 

from entering crawl space 

Ground moisture barrier will be 

installed up to grade, but not 

above 

Reduce moisture laden air 

from entering the crawl 

space 

Ensure crawl space wall can 

dry to the exterior or interior 

as needed 

6 Hot Dry 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 365
 

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Basements 

Insulation and Conditioning: 

31) Basement Wall Insulation – No Ground Water Leakage 

32) Basement Wall Insulation – Ground Water Leakage 

33) Dehumidification 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 366
 

 

 

 

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Topic: Basements 

Subtopic: Insulation and Conditioning 

31) Detail Name: Basement Wall Insulation – No Ground Water Leakage 

Desired Outcome: 

•	 Basement insulation improves thermal performance and ensures sufficient 

drying potential 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 R-value 

Regional IECC will be 

followed for required Rvalues 74 

Improve thermal 

performance of the 

basement and living 

space 

2 Air barrier 

A continuous air barrier will 

be installed on the warm side 

of the insulation 75 

Prevent condensation on 

the basement wall 

3 Vapor permeability 

When absorbent insulation 

materials are installed, 

assembly will remain vapor 

permeable to the interior 76 

Provide drying potential 

to the basement 

74 IECC section 301 75 ASTM C1320 - 05(2009)e1 76 ASTM C1320 - 05(2009)e1 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 367
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

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Topic: Basements 

Subtopic: Insulation and Conditioning 

32) Detail Name: Basement Wall Insulation – Ground Water Leakage 

Desired Outcome: 

•	 Basement insulation improves thermal performance and ensures sufficient 

drying potential 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Drainage 

A continuous drainage plane at 

the interior surface of the 

exterior basement wall will be 

created from the top of the wall 

to a drainage field at the bottom 

of the wall or sub-slab 

Drainage field will be run to 

daylight or pump to the outside 

Remove moisture on 

the surface of the 

exterior basement wall 

2 Rough finish walls (e.g., 

rubble walls) 

Drainage plane will be replaced 

with a waterproof membrane 

Only a non-absorbent insulation 

will be applied that adheres to 

the waterproof membrane 

without voids 

Drainage field will be run to 

daylight or pump to the outside 

Create an air and 

moisture barrier on the 

interior side of the 

exterior basement wall 

and allow the insulation 

to conform to the 

irregularity of the 

surface 

Improve thermal 

performance of the 

basement and the living 

space 

3 Thermal barrier, 

insulation 

A non-absorbent insulation will 

be used with a minimum 

expected service life of 10 years 

77 

A fire-rated material will be used 

if the insulation is left exposed 

Improve thermal 

performance of the 

basement and the living 

space 

77 ASTM C1136 - 10 

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4 Location 

Insulation will be installed 

continuously from the top of the 

band joist to the top of the slab 

Maintain a continuous 

thermal boundary on 

the exterior basement 

wall 

5 Termite protection 

Where termite pressure exists, if 

sub-slab drainage is installed, 

termite treatment will be 

performed before re-installing 

the slab 

Provide termite 

protection 

6 Insulation attachment 

Insulation will be attached with 

a durable connection 78 

A minimum expected service life 

of 10 years will be ensured 79 

Maintain the thermal 

boundary in place 

without compromising 

the insulation 

7 R-value Regional IECC will be followed 

for required R-value 80 

Improve thermal 

performance of the 

basement and living 

space 

8 Sealing 

A continuous air barrier on the 

warm side of the thermal 

boundary will be installed, 

including floor-to-wall and wallto-ceiling connections 

Prevent convective air 

leakage from the 

basement, through the 

drainage plane and back 

into the basement 

9 Finish wall requirements IRC will be followed for finish 

wall details in basements 

Install a durable, 

finished wall 

78 ASTM C1320 - 05(2009)e1 79 ASTM C1136 - 10 80 IECC section 301 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 369
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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Topic: Basements 

Subtopic: Insulation and Conditioning 

33) Detail Name: Dehumidification
 

Desired Outcome:
 

• Basement humidity controlled with supplemental dehumidification 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Dehumidifier 

A permanent, lowtemperature, auto-restart, 

minimum ENERGY STAR® 

rated dehumidifier will be 

installed 

Manufacturer specifications 

will be followed for size and 

use 

Condensate will be drained to 

daylight or a condensation 

pump Maintain a dry 

basement 

Reduce conditions 

conducive to mold 

growth, wood rot and 

pests 

2 Dehumidification for divided 

spaces 

Drying will be provided to all 

basement areas 

3 Relative humidity 

All basement spaces will be 

maintained at a relative 

humidity of less than 45% 

4 Condensing surfaces (e.g., 

cold water pipes) 

Condensing surfaces in 

basement will be insulated 

and sealed 

5 

Dehumidification (option for 

dry climates and heatingdominated climates 

seasonally) 

Ventilation in the basement 

will be controlled to maintain 

relative humidity of less than 

45% 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 370
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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SECTION 8: BASELOAD 

Table of Contents 

Health and Safety 

Safe Work Practices: 1 

1) Baseload Worker Safety 

Baseload 

Plug Load: 

2) Refrigerator and Freezer Replacement 

3) Cleaning and Tuning Existing Refrigerators and Freezers 

4) Entertainment and Computer Systems and Components Replacement 

5) Lighting 

6) Washing Machine 

7) Clothes Dryer Replacement 

8) Dehumidifiers 

9) Removal of Electrically Heated Waterbed Mattress 

10) Regional Considerations 

Water Heating 

Energy Use: 

11) Water Heater Selection
 

12) Shower Head and Faucet Aerator 

Installation and Replacement: 

13) Storage Type Appliance
 

14) On Demand Appliance
 

15) Regional Considerations
 

Routine Maintenance: 

16) Storage Type Appliance
 

17) On Demand Appliance
 

1 Appendix D – OSHA Personal Protective Equipment Standards 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 371
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Shading: 

Landscaping: 

18) Indigenous Shading 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 372
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Health and Safety 

Safe Worker Practices: 

1) Baseload Worker Safety 

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Topic: Health and Safety 

Subtopic: Safe Work Practices 

1) Detail Name: Baseload Worker Safety
 

Desired Outcome:
 

• Work is completed safely without injury or hazardous exposure 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Hand protection 

Durable and wrist protecting 

gloves will be worn that can 

withstand work activity 2 

Minimize skin contact with 

contaminants 

Protect hands from sharp 

objects 

2 Respiratory protection 

Respirators appropriate for the 

contaminants present will be 

worn (e.g. N-95 or equivalent 

face mask) 3 

Minimize exposure to 

airborne contaminants (e.g. 

insulation materials, mold 

spores, feces, bacteria, 

chemicals) 

3 Electrical safety 4,5 

An electrical safety assessment 

will be performed 

All electric tools will be 

protected by Ground-Fault 

Circuit Interrupters 6 

Extension cords used with 

portable electric tools will be of 

three-wire type 

Worn or frayed electric cords will 

not be used 

Metal ladders will be avoided 

Special precautions to avoid 

electrical shock will be taken if 

knob and tube wiring is present 

Avoid electrical shock and 

arc flash hazards 

2 OSHA Technical Manual Section VIII: Chapter 1, part III 

3 OSHA Technical Manual Section VIII: Chapter 2, section IV 4 NAHB-OSHA Jobsite Safety Handbook, Second Edition: Electrical 5 29 CFR 1926 Subpart K – Electrical 6 http://www.osha.gov/SLTC/etools/construction/electrical_incidents/gfci.html - OSHA eTool 

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For arc flash hazards, NFPA 70E 

will be consulted 

4 Protective clothing 7 

If contaminants are present, 

(e.g. mercury from broken light 

bulb) gloves will be worn 

Eye protection will always be 

worn (e.g. safety glasses, 

goggles if not using full face 

respirator) 

Protect worker from skin 

contact with contaminants 

Minimize spread of 

contaminants 

5 Confined space safety 

8,9 

Access and egress points will be 

located before beginning work 

Inspection will be conducted 

for frayed electrical wires 

Adequate ventilation will be 

provided 

Use of toxic material will be 

reduced 

Prevent build-up of toxic or 

flammable contaminants 

Provide adequate access and 

egress 

Avoid electrical shock 

6 Power tool safety 10 

Power tools will be inspected 

and used according to 

manufacturer specifications to 

eliminate hazards associated 

with missing ground prongs, 

ungrounded circuits, misuse of 

power tools, noise and 

improper or defective cords or 

extension cords 

All devices used will be verified 

as GFI protected or double 

insulated 

Prevent power tool injuries 

7 Chemical safety 

The least toxic suitable material 

will be chosen 

Chemicals will be handled 

Prevent worker exposure to 

toxic substances 

7 OSHA Technical Manual Section VIII: Chapter 1, part III 

8 ASTM D4276 - 02(2007) 9 http://www.osha.gov/SLTC/confinedspaces/index.html - OSHA Confined Space Webpage 10 29 CFR 1910 Subpart P - Hand and portable powered tools and other hand-held equipment 

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according to manufacturer 

instructions or Material Safety 

Data Sheet (MSDS) standards 

to eliminate hazards associated 

with volatile organic 

compounds (VOCs), sealants, 

insulation, dust, foams, 

asbestos, lead, mercury fibers 

and oil tank mercury 11 

8 Ergonomic safety 12 

Proper equipment will be used 

for work 

Proper lifting techniques will be 

used 

Avoid injuries from awkward 

postures, repetitive motions 

and improper lifting 

9 Hand tool safety Hand tools will be used for 

intended purpose 13 Reduce injuries 

10 Slips, trips and falls 14 

Caution will be used around 

power cords, hoses, tarps and 

plastic sheeting 

Precautions will be taken when 

ladders are used, when working 

at heights, or when balancing 

on joists 

Walk boards will be used when 

practical 

Appropriate footwear and 

clothing will be worn 

Eliminate injuries due to 

slips, trips and falls 

11 Heat or thermal stress 

15 

Appropriate ventilation, 

hydration, rest breaks, and 

cooling equipment will be used 

Dial 911 when necessary 

Reduce heat stroke, heat 

stress and cold stress related 

injuries 

11 29 CFR 1910 Subpart Z - Toxic and Hazardous Substances 12 http://www.osha.gov/SLTC/ergonomics/index.html - OSHA Ergonomics Webpage 13 29 CFR 1910 Subpart P - Hand and portable powered tools and other hand-held equipment 14 29 CFR 1926 Subpart M - Fall Protection 15 29 CFR 1926 Subpart C - General Safety and Health Provisions 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 376
 

 

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Design will be incorporated to 

eliminate or minimize hazards 

12 Prevention through 

design 

(e.g. material selection, access 

to equipment for installation 

and maintenance, placement of 

Prevent worker injuries and 

exposure to toxic substances 

and physical hazards 

equipment, duct work and 

condensate lines) 16 

16 29 CFR 1926 Subpart C - General Safety and Health Provisions 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 377
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Baseload 

Plug Load: 

2) Refrigerator and Freezer Replacement 

3) Clean and Tune Existing Refrigerators and Freezers 

4) Entertainment and Computer Systems and Components Replacement 

5) Lighting 

6) Washing Machine 

7) Clothes Dryer Replacement 

8) Dehumidifiers 

9) Removal of Electrically Heated Waterbed Mattress 

10) Regional Considerations 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 378
 

 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

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Topic: Baseload 

Subtopic: Plug Load 

2) Detail Name: Refrigerator and Freezer Replacement 

Desired Outcome: 

• A more energy efficient appliance installed 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Selection 

Appliance will have an 

efficiency level of 40% or 

better compared to minimum 

federal requirements 17 

Appliance will fit in the 

available space without 

blocking access to light 

switches, cabinets, etc Ensure occupant satisfaction 

with appliance 

Appliance will carry an 

adequate warranty, which will 

provide a replacement 

appliance if repeated issues 

relating to health, safety or 

performance occur 

2 Installation 

Appliance will be installed 

according manufacturer 

specifications and local codes 

18 

Any penetrations to the 

exterior of the home created 

by the installation of the 

appliance will be sealed 

Energy related appliance 

controls will be demonstrated 

to the occupant 

Specific information on the 

Achieve intended appliance 

function 

Preserve food at low energy 

use 

Educate occupant on how to 

operate and maintain the 

appliance 

17 National Appliance Energy Conservation Act (NAECA) 18 NFPA 70A 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 379
 

 

 

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proper maintenance of the 

equipment will be provided to 

the occupant 

Warranty information, 

operation manuals and 

installer contact information 

will be provided to the 

occupant 

3 Decommissioning 

Appliances replaced by new 

units will be recycled or 

disposed of properly 

Appliances infested with 

pests will be enclosed before 

moving 

Prevent reuse of inefficient 

equipment and components 

Protect the environment 

Protect worker safety 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 380
 

 

 

 

 

 

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Topic: Baseload 

Subtopic: Plug Load 

3) Detail Name: Cleaning and Tuning Existing Refrigerators and Freezers 

Desired Outcome: 

• Energy used for food preservation reduced 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Clean and tune 

Dirty or clogged coils will be 

cleaned 

Air flow to the coils will be 

provided as required by 

manufacturer 

Appliance will be located 

away from heat sources (e.g., 

supply registers, direct 

sunlight) if possible 

Interior temperatures will be 

measured, and the appliance 

must maintain: 

• Freezer temperature at 0° 

Reduce energy use 

Improve performance 

Educate occupant on how to 

operate and maintain the 

• Fresh food at 35-40° 

Specific information about 

the proper maintenance of 

the equipment will be 

provided to the occupant 

Condensation control switch 

will be left in the appropriate 

position, given occupant 

preference and moisture load 

in the house 

appliance 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 381
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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Topic: Baseload 

Subtopic: Plug Load 

4) Detail Name: Entertainment and Computer Systems and Components Replacement 

Desired Outcome: 

•	 Energy used for electronic entertainment and computer use reduced while 

effective performance is maintained 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Selection 

Category of equipment 

selected will meet occupant 

preferences and have the 

lowest available energy use 

(e.g.,, Plasma vs. lightemitting diode (LED)) 

Equipment will have a 

minimum energy-efficiency 

level of ENERGY STAR® 19 

Equipment will be selected 

that does not have to be left 

on during non-use periods for 

updates. (e.g., gaming 

systems, set-top boxes) 

Standby losses for system will 

be 1 watt or less 

Reduce energy use 

Satisfy occupant with 

appliance 

2 Installation 

Equipment will be installed 

according to manufacturer 

specifications (e.g., air 

circulation) and meet all 

applicable codes 

Any penetrations to the 

exterior of the home created 

by the installation of the 

equipment will be sealed 

All energy-saving features will 

Reduce energy use 

Ensure equipment is available 

for use when needed 

Ensure equipment is 

convenient to turn off when 

not in use 

Occupant will be educated on 

how to operate and maintain 

19 National Appliance Energy Conservation Act (NAECA) 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 382
 

 

 

 

 

 

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be enabled unless specifically 

directed otherwise by the 

occupant 

A readily-accessible means of 

disconnection (e.g., power 

strip, timer) will be provided 

for equipment that must be 

disconnected from the power 

source to avoid stand-by 

losses and whose 

performance will not be 

damaged by being 

disconnected 

All equipment controls will be 

demonstrated to the 

occupant 

Specific information about 

the proper maintenance of 

the equipment will be 

provided to the occupant 

Warranty information, 

operation manuals and 

installer contact information 

will be provided to the 

occupant 

equipment 

3 Decommissioning 

Equipment will be recycled or 

disposed of using EPA 

Responsible Recycling (R2) 

initiative principles 

Prevent reuse of inefficient 

equipment and components 

Reduce waste and properly 

dispose of hazardous materials 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 383
 

 

 

 

 

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Topic: Baseload 

Subtopic: Plug load 

5)	 Detail Name: Lighting 

Desired Outcome: 

•	 Energy used for lighting reduced while maintaining adequate and safe 

lighting levels 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Day lighting 

Window coverings (e.g., 

blinds, shades, moveable 

insulation) will be replaced or 

maneuvered to maximize 

useful daylight 

Active and passive day 

lighting will be installed 

where appropriate (e.g., 

install solar-light tube, light 

shelf, skylights) 

Reduce energy use without 

negative consequences (e.g., 

glare, unintentional heating) 

2 Selection 

All bulbs, fixtures and controls 

will be appropriate for the 

intended application (e.g., 

enclosed, orientation, 

dimmable, potential for 

breakage, indoor and 

outdoor) 

All bulbs, fixtures and controls 

will be selected to provide the 

brightness and light quality 

required in that application 

(e.g., task lighting, trip-andfall hazards, nightlights) 20 

Provide improved lighting 

quality at lower energy use 

Select equipment that will not 

be an unnecessary barrier to 

future technologies 

Avoid inferior products and 

unsatisfied occupants 

Selected equipment should 

have the highest level of 

efficiency within a technology 

(e.g., compact fluorescent 

20 40 CFR 271.13 

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lamp (CFL), light-emitting 

diode (LED)) 

All bulbs, fixtures and controls 

will be ENERGY STAR° rated 

where applicable 

When possible, bulbs, fixtures 

and controls will be selected 

that will facilitate the use of 

future lighting technologies 

(e.g., LEDs) 

When incandescent bulbs 

cannot be replaced, or where 

occupant chooses not to 

replace, a dimmer will be 

selected 

Power quality will be 

evaluated before new lighting 

is selected 

Bulb replacements will be 

chosen based on expected 

durability, light quality and 

lifetime energy use of the 

bulb 

Controls to turn off lights 

when not needed (e.g., no 

one in room) will be provided 

All bulbs, fixtures and controls 

will be UL-approved 21 

3 Installation 

All bulbs, fixtures and controls 

will be installed according to 

manufacturer specifications 

and local codes 

Any penetrations to the 

Reduce energy use 24 

Ensure mishandling does not 

compromise durability of bulb 

Educate occupants on safe 

21 40 CFR 271.13 24 NFPA 70A 

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exterior of the home created disposal of bulbs 

by the installation of the 

lighting will be sealed Educate occupants on how to 

replace bulbs and maintain 

Bulbs will be installed by savings 

holding base, not bulb 

Information on proper 

disposal of CFL bulbs will be 

provided to the occupant 

EPA standard for disposal will 

be cited in the information 

provided 22 

Information on how to obtain 

replacement bulbs will be 

provided to the occupant 

Bulbs or fixtures not needed 

by occupant will be removed 

23 

Lighting controls will be 

demonstrated to the 

occupant 

Specific information about 

proper maintenance of the 

equipment will be provided to 

the occupant 

Warranty information, 

operation manuals and 

installer contact information 

will be provided to the 

occupant 

22 40 CFR 271.13 23 NFPA 70A 

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4 Recessed lights 

Liability and inefficiency of 

recessed lights will be 

addressed through one of the 

following: 

25 

• Removal 

• Replacement (e.g., other 

fixture, airtight insulation 

contact (IC)-rated 

recessed) 

• Insertion of airtight LED 

• Insertion of other fixtures 

that address safety, heat 

buildup, lighting 

efficiency, air tightness 

and effectiveness of 

surrounding insulation 

Improve lighting efficiency 

Address safety, heat buildup, 

lighting efficiency, air tightness 

and effectiveness of 

surrounding insulation 

5 Decommissioning 

All bulbs, fixtures and controls 

to be discarded will be 

properly disposed of 

Prevent reuse of inefficient 

equipment and components 

Protect the environment 

25 NFPA 70A 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 387
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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Topic: Baseload 

Subtopic: Plug Load 

6) Detail Name: Washing Machine
 

Desired Outcome:
 

• Energy and environmental impact for washing clothes reduced 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Selection 

Minimum appliance efficiency 

will be ENERGY STAR® and 

WaterSense® or better 26 

Classes within ENERGY STAR 

standards will be considered 

so as to achieve greater 

savings 27 

Adequate clearance will be 

maintained around appliance 

when fit in space available so 

access to cabinets and light 

switches are not blocked 

Reduce energy use 

Ensure occupant satisfaction 

Appliance will be covered by 

an adequate warranty 

Equipment will be selected 

with features that reduce 

both peak electric demand 

and absolute energy use and 

water use 

Standby losses for equipment 

will be 1 watt or less 

2 Installation 

Appliance will be installed 

according to manufacturer 

specifications (e.g., leveling, 

plumbing connection, 

electrical connection, interior 

Ensure equipment functions as 

designed 

Reduce water consumption 

26 National Appliance Energy Conservation Act (NAECA) 27 National Appliance Energy Conservation Act (NAECA) 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 388
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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lighting) and meet all Prevent water damage 

applicable codes 28 

Educate occupants on how to 

Shut-off valves will be maintain their washer to 

installed, if not already ensure savings 

present 

Hoses that can withstand 

water pressure at the location 

will be installed 

If located in conditioned or 

finished area, overflow pan 

will be installed and drained 

to a safe location 

Any penetrations to the 

exterior of the home created 

by the installation of the 

appliance will be sealed 29 

Energy-related appliance 

controls will be demonstrated 

to the occupant 

Specific information about 

proper maintenance of the 

equipment will be provided to 

the occupant 

Water quality will be 

evaluated via pH and 

hardness tests, and the 

occupant will be informed on 

detergent levels and type to 

optimize performance 

Warranty information, 

operation manuals and 

installer contact information 

will be provided to the 

28 NFPA 70A 29 ASTM C1193 - 09 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 389
 

 

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occupant 

3 Decommissioning 

Replaced appliances will be 

recycled or disposed of 

properly, including older 

equipment switches 

containing mercury 

Prevent the reuse of 

inefficient equipment and its 

components 

Reduce waste 

Protect occupant health 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 390
 

 

 

 

 

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V 9.21

Topic: Baseload 

Subtopic: Plug Load 

7) Detail Name: Clothes Dryer Replacement
 

Desired Outcome:
 

• Energy and environmental impact for drying clothes reduced 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Selection 

Appliance will have a 

minimum efficiency level of 

ENERGY STAR or better 

Total energy use will be 

factored into the selection 

process if fuel switching is 

being considered 30 

Dryer will be equipped with 

moisture sensor 

Equipment will be selected 

with energy features that 

reduce both peak electric 

demand and absolute energy 

Reduce energy use 

Avoid increasing total energy 

use (gas and electric) when 

fuel switching 

use 

Standby losses for equipment 

will be 1 watt or less 

A dryer best matched to the 

venting options will be 

selected (e.g., central 

location, length of vent, cost 

of venting) 

2 Installation 

Appliance will be installed 

according to manufacturer 

specifications (e.g., leveling, 

plumbing connection, 

electrical connection, 31 

30 National Appliance Energy Conservation Act (NAECA) 31 NFPA 70A 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 391
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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interior lighting) and meet all 

applicable codes 32 

If existing venting does not 

meet the following criteria (as Ensure equipment functions as 

well as manufacturer designed 

specifications and applicable 

codes), new venting will be Install appliance safely and 

installed using the following effectively 

specifications: 

33 

Reduce energy use 

• Appliance will be vented 

to the outside using In case of fuel switching, 

metal-to-metal venting reduce cost 

• Venting design will meet 

standards for optimal 

venting 

• Venting will not be 

constricted or blocked 

• Only tape or clamps will 

be used on vents—no 

screws 

• Pest screen will be 

installed at the 

termination 

• At least 3’ of the vent 

closest to the exterior of 

the house will be insulated 

If a combustion appliance is 

used, the house must pass a 

Combustion Appliance Zone 

test upon completion of 

installation 34 

32 NFPA 70A 33 Standard 62.2-2010 34 ASTM E1998 - 02(2007) 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 392
 

 

 

 

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Any penetrations to the 

exterior of the home created 

by the installation of the 

appliance will be sealed 35 

Energy-related appliance 

controls will be demonstrated 

to the occupant 36 

Specific information of the 

proper maintenance of the 

equipment will be provided to 

the occupant 

Warranty information, 

operation manuals and 

installer contact information 

will be provided to the 

occupant 

3 Decommissioning 

Replaced appliances will be 

recycled or disposed of 

properly, including older 

equipment switches 

containing mercury 37 

Prevent the reuse of 

inefficient equipment and its 

components 

Reduce waste 

Protect occupant health 

35 ASTM C1193 - 09 36 Standard 62.2-2010 37 40 CFR 271.13 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 393
 

 

 

 

 

 

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V 9.21

Topic: Baseload 

Subtopic: Plug Load 

8) Detail Name: Dehumidifiers
 

Desired Outcome:
 

• Energy used to control humidity in conditioned spaces reduced 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Selection 

Equipment will have a 

minimum efficiency level of 

ENERGY STAR or better 38 

Equipment will have a fan-off 

option 

Equipment will retain settings 

after power-off 

Equipment will have features 

that reduce both peak electric 

use (e.g., internal and 

external timers) and absolute 

energy use 

Equipment will have standby 

losses of 1 watt or less 

Reduce energy use 

Provide durable equipment 

Control moisture 

Provide equipment 

appropriate for occupant use 

Controls will be labeled so 

they are understandable, 

readable and accurate for 

occupant needs 

Operating environment will 

be determined and 

appropriate equipment will 

be selected for that 

environment (e.g., low 

temperature and high relative 

humidity) 

38 National Appliance Energy Conservation Act (NAECA) 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 394
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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2 Installation 

Installation will proceed only 

when the following applicable 

steps have been taken to 

control moisture: 

39 

• Windows, doors and vents 

in crawl space are closed 

• Downspouts are redirected away from 

foundation 

• Moisture from drying 

clothes is vented to the 

outside 

• Sump pit is covered 

• Dirt in crawl space is 

covered with a vapor 

barrier 

• Plumbing leaks are 

eliminated 

Equipment will be installed 

according to manufacturer 

specifications and meet all 

applicable codes 40 

Equipment will be installed to 

permit adequate air flow 

Reduce or retire dehumidifiers 

Reduce allergens and asthma 

triggers, improve health and 

reduce irritants 

Improve building durability 

Improve comfort 

Reduce pest populations 

Reduce risk of mold issues 

Educate occupant on how to 

operate and maintain 

equipment 

Equipment will have a timer 

for off-peak operation if timeof-use program is available 

and if the equipment can 

handle power interruptions 

Any penetrations to the 

exterior of the home created 

39 ASTM E241 - 09 40 NFPA 70A 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 395
 

 

 

 

 

 

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by the installation of the 

appliance will be sealed 

Initial relative humidity and 

temperature settings will be 

set by the installer to ensure 

the space does not reach dew 

point 

Operation of controls will be 

reviewed with occupant and 

will be labeled to achieve best 

performance 

A user guide for humidifier 

settings in different climate 

conditions will be created by 

the installer and provided to 

the occupant 

Installer will commission the 

equipment to ensure it is 

functioning properly 

An independent 

measurement will be made to 

verify relative humidity 

Installer will demonstrate 

proper disposal of water to 

avoid moisture issues 

Specific information on the 

proper maintenance of the 

equipment will be provided to 

the occupant 

Warranty information, 

operation manuals and 

installer contact information 

will be provided to the 

occupant 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 396
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Prevent the reuse of 

3 Decommissioning 

Removed equipment will be 

recycled or disposed of 

properly 

inefficient equipment and its 

components 

Reduce waste 

Protect environment 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 397
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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Topic: Baseload 

Subtopic: Plug Load 

9)	 Detail Name: Removal of Electrically Heated Waterbed Mattress 

Desired Outcome: 

•	 Energy used to heat a water bed reduced while maintaining occupant health 

and comfort 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Selection 

Replacement materials will be 

selected that in no way 

compromise the health of the 

occupant or the occupant’s 

family (e.g., benefits from the 

heat, allergies to traditional 

bedding) 

If there is any indication that 

removal of the heated 

waterbed may cause health 

problems, it will not be 

replaced unless written 

approval is obtained from the 

occupant’s doctor 

Barring any health effects, 

acceptable options for 

replacement materials 

include one of the following : 

A non-heated waterbed, sized 

to fit the existing frame 

OR 

A conventional mattress, 

sized with 1” clearance to 

allow sheets to be changed 

OR 

Replacing the entire bed and 

mattress 

Materials selected will be 

acceptable to the occupant in 

Ensure occupant satisfaction 

with new mattress 

Reduce energy use 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 398
 

 

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terms of comfort and 

appearance 

2 Installation 

Old waterbed will be drained 

in a safe manner to a sewage 

drain without creating water 

damage to the house 

Replacement will be installed 

in a location acceptable to the 

occupant 

Ensure home is not damaged 

and occupant is satisfied with 

the bed’s location 

3 Decommissioning 

Materials will be recycled or 

disposed of properly Reduce pollution 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 399
 

 

 

 

 

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Topic: Baseload 

Subtopic: Plug Load 

10) Detail Name: Regional Considerations 

Row Region Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Very Cold 

On demand water heaters will 

be sized to meet the demand 

of water flow at very low water 

intake temperatures 41 

Provide adequate hot water 

to ensure occupant comfort 

2 Cold 

3 Mixed Humid 

Metal pipe will be used when 

venting dryers 42 

Rupture resistant hoses shall 

be used on all washer 

installations 

All dehumidifier condensate 

drains will be hard piped to the 

outside 43 

Ensure proper dryer flow 

rate 

Avoid moisture damage to 

the home from bursting 

water lines 

Ensure condensate does not 

leak into living space 

4 Hot Humid 

5 Marine 

Dryers will be vented to 

outside of building 44 

Homeowners will be 

discouraged from storing large 

amounts of firewood in the 

living space 

Ensure moisture vapor is 

removed from the home 

Reduce the amount of 

interior moisture 

6 Hot Dry 

41 NFPA 54,ANSI,AGA Z223.1 42 Standard 62.2-2010 43 Standard 62.2-2010 44 Standard 62.2-2010 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 400
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Water Heating 

Energy Use: 

11) Water Heater Selection 

12) Shower Head and Faucet Aerator 

Installation and Replacement: 

13) Storage Type Appliance 

14) On Demand Appliance 

15) Regional Considerations 

Routine Maintenance: 

16) Storage Type Appliance 

17) On Demand Appliance 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 401
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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Topic: Water Heating 

Subtopic: Energy Use 

11) Detail Name: Water Heater Selection 

Desired Outcome: 

•	 Safe and reliable hot water source selected that meets occupant needs at 

lowest possible cost of ownership 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Selection parameters 

Equipment will provide 

sufficient, affordable, safe 

and healthy hot water for 

occupant 

Potential for solar or other 

renewable systems will be 

assessed in selecting the hot 

water equipment 

Potential for health and 

safety hazards (e.g., 

backdrafting, flame rollout, 

obstructions) will be assessed 

in selecting equipment and 

the cost of remedying such 

problems will be included in 

any cost and benefit 

calculations 45 

If a combustion-based system 

is selected, it will be either 

direct vented or power 

vented 

If combustion equipment is 

selected, a low nitrogen oxide 

burner will be included 

Equipment will be functional 

at high efficiency under all 

Save energy and water 

Protect the environment 

Identify appliance options 

based on the needs, wants 

and desires of the occupant 

45 ASTM E1998 - 02(2007) 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 402
 

 

 

 

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load conditions 

Standby losses will be 

reduced to maximum 

potential 

Fuel type will be selected 

based on affordability to 

occupant 

Equipment will be freeze 

resistant 

Efficiency of equipment will 

be maintained throughout life 

of system 

Occupant control of hot water 

temperature will be provided 

on the equipment 

The following will be 

determined from the 

occupant: 

• Lifestyle 

• Current and future needs 

• Space considerations 

• Fuel options 

• Health and safety 

considerations 

• Appliance options 

• Maintenance and 

operation costs 

• Return on investment 

concerns 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 403
 

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2 Product selection 

A water heating appliance will 

be selected based on 

information from the 

occupant and desired 

specifications 

Ensure equipment meets the 

occupant’s expectations while 

providing efficient energy and 

water use 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 404
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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Topic: Water Heating 

Subtopic: Energy Use 

12) Detail Name: Shower Head and Faucet Aerator 

Desired Outcome: 

•	 Energy and water use reduced while occupant needs for water flow 

maintained 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Selection 

Shower head flow rate will be 

1.75 gallons per minute 

(GPM) or less 

If multiple heads are 

provided, the total flow rate 

will not exceed 3.5 GPM 

Aerator flow rate will be 1.2 

GPM or less 

Features will be selected that 

meet the special needs of the 

occupant (e.g., shut off, 

swivel, handheld showers) 

Reduce water and energy 

consumption 

Ensure occupant satisfaction 

2 Installation 

Equipment will be installed 

according to manufacturer 

specifications and meet all 

applicable building codes 

Water quality will be 

evaluated for debris that may 

clog the equipment 

Plumbing will be evaluated to 

determine if the installation 

of high-efficiency shower 

heads or faucet aerators will 

cause leaks 

If needed, plumbing will be 

corrected before installing 

Reduce water and energy 

consumption 

Ensure occupant satisfaction 

with water flow 

Eliminate water leakage 

Prevent water damage 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 405
 

 

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high-efficiency shower head 

or faucet 

If needed, shower diverter 

will be repaired or replaced 

Any penetrations to the 

exterior of the home created 

by the installation of the 

equipment will be sealed 

Any damage done to the 

house during installation will 

be repaired 

Specific information about 

proper maintenance of the 

equipment will be provided to 

the occupant 

Warranty information, 

operation manuals and 

installer contact information 

will be provided to the 

occupant 

Water flow that satisfies the 

occupant will be provided by 

all shower heads and faucet 

aerators 

Occupant’s acceptance of the 

shower head or aerator will 

be documented 

3 Decommissioning 

Replaced shower head will be 

recycled or disposed of 

properly 

Prevent the reuse of 

inefficient equipment and 

components 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 406
 

 

 

 

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Topic: Water Heating 

Subtopic: Installation and Replacement 

13) Detail Name: Storage Type Appliance 

Desired Outcome: 

•	 Safe and reliable hot water source provided that meets occupant needs at 

lowest possible cost of ownership 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Hazardous material 

removal 

Health concerns in the 

removal and replacement of 

equipment (e.g., asbestos, 

other hazardous materials) 

will be identified 

Written notification will be 

provided to occupants of the 

discovery of hazardous 

material, including contact 

information for regional EPA 

asbestos coordinator 

Remediate health hazards 

using EPA-certified 

contractors 

Occupant will be asked to 

contract with an EPA-certified 

asbestos contractor to 

conduct abatement before 

equipment removal and 

replacement (occupant is 

responsible for abatement or 

remediation) 

2 Equipment removal 

Accepted industry procedures 

and practices will be followed 

to: 

• Remove old water heater 

and associated 

components 

Ensure the safety of the 

workers and occupants 

Ensure building integrity 

Remove old equipment in a 

timely and efficient manner 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 407
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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• Seal any unused chimney 

openings 46 

• Remove unused oil tank, 

lines, valves and 

associated equipment 

3 New equipment 

installation 

New water heater and 

associated components will be 

installed according to 

accepted industry standards 

and practices and 

manufacturer specifications 47 

The system will be installed to 

be freeze-resistant 

Any existing water leaks will 

be repaired before installation 

begins 48 

Ensure the safety of the 

workers and occupants 

Ensure building integrity 

Remove old equipment in a 

timely and efficient manner 

Any penetrations to the 

exterior of the home created 

by the installation of the 

equipment will be sealed 49 

4 Emergency drain pan 

An emergency drain pan will 

be installed a minimum of 4” 

above floor 

A 3⁄4” drain line or larger will be 

connected to tapping on pan 

and run to drain or pumped to 

daylight 

Collect and safely dispose of 

water escaping from the 

storage tank 

46 ASTM C1193 - 09 47 NFPA 54,ANSI,AGA Z223.1 48 NFPA 54,ANSI,AGA Z223.1 49 ASTM C1193 - 09 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 408
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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5 Expansion tank 

A stainless steel bladder 

expansion tank will be 

installed on the cold water 

side 50 

A direct connection with no 

valves between the storage 

tank and expansion tank will 

be installed 51 

Protect the storage tank 

from expansion 

6 Temperature and 

pressure relief valve 

Correct temperature and 

pressure relief valve will be 

installed according to 

manufacturer specifications 

Temperature and pressure 

relief valve discharge tube will 

terminate within 6” of the 

floor, or as prescribed by local 

code 52 

Discharge excessive energy 

(pressure or temperature) 

from storage tank to safe 

location 

7 Di-electric unions 

Di-electric unions will be 

installed according to 

manufacturer specifications 53 

Break the stray voltage 

electrical circuit through the 

storage tank 

8 Backflow prevention 

Backflow prevention will be 

installed according to 

manufacturer specifications 

and all applicable codes 

Protect the water supply 

from contamination 

9 Thermal efficiency 

Additional tank insulation (R11) will be provided when 

necessary and where not 

prohibited by manufacturer 

If additional insulation is 

installed, it will be installed 

based on fuel type, making 

sure not to obstruct draft 

diverter, pressure relief valve, 

thermostats, hi-limit switch, 

plumbing pipes or elements 

Reduce standby loss from 

near tank piping and storage 

tank 

Ensure insulation does not 

make contact with flue gas 

venting 

50 NFPA 54,ANSI,AGA Z223.1 51 NFPA 54,ANSI,AGA Z223.1 52 NFPA 54,ANSI,AGA Z223.1 53 NFPA 54,ANSI,AGA Z223.1 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 409
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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and thermostat access plates 

The first 6’ of inlet and outlet 

piping will be insulated 

according to manufacturer 

specifications 

Pipe insulation must remain 3’’ 

from gas water heater vent 

Heat traps will be installed on 

the inlet and outlet piping 

where not provided by 

manufacturer 

10 Required combustion 

air 

The volume of air required for 

complete combustion of the 

fuel and air mixture will be 

calculated in cubic feet per 

minute (CFM) and will meet 

the levels established by ANSI 

and NFPA 54 

Ensure adequate combustion 

air for operation of the 

appliance 

Additional combustion air will 

be provided according to ANSI 

and NFPA guidelines 

11 Venting of flue gases 

55 

Combustion byproducts will 

be removed as per Section 504 

IFGC for gas water heaters or 

NFPA 31 for oil water heaters 

Ensure the safety and 

durability of the venting 

system 

12 Combustion testing 56 

Undiluted flue gases will be 

checked with a calibrated flue 

gas analyzer according to 

accepted protocol 

If combustion is not happening 

safely or to maximum 

efficiency, diagnostics and 

adjustments will be done 

according to manufacturer 

specifications and local codes 

Confirm that combustion is 

occurring safely with 

maximum efficiency 

54 NFPA 54,ANSI,AGA Z223.1 55 NFPA 54,ANSI,AGA Z223.1 or NFPA 31 56 ASTM E 1198-02 2007 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 410
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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13 Fuel supply 

Electric or fossil fuel supply 

components will be installed 

to accepted industry standards 

as per NFPA 31 for oil or NEC 

for electric 57 

Provide sufficient fuel to the 

water heater, burner and or 

element 

14 Discharge 

temperature 

Discharge temperature will be 

set to not exceed 120° or as 

prescribed by local code 

Ensure safe hot water supply 

temperature to fixtures 

15 Commissioning of 

system 

The following will be checked 

once the system has been 

filled and purged: 

58 

• Safety controls 

• Combustion safety and 

efficiency 

• Operational controls 

• Fuel and water leaks 

• Local code requirements 

Commissioning will be in 

compliance with manufacturer 

specifications and relevant 

industry standards 

Ensure safe system function 

Keep cost of ownership as 

low as possible 

16 Occupant 

health and safety 

In the case of fossil fuel 

installations, carbon monoxide 

(CO) monitors will be installed 

in all homes where none are 

present 59 

On completion of work, 

ambient CO will be tested to 

verify level does not exceed 

industry accepted levels 

Protect occupant health and 

safety 

57 NFPA 54,ANSI,AGA Z223.1 or NFPA 31 or NFPA 70A 58 NFPA 54,ANSI,AGA Z223.1 or NFPA 31 or NFPA 70A 59 NFPA 720 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 411
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17 Occupant education 60 

Completed work will be 

reviewed 

Occupants will be educated on 

the safe and efficient 

operation and maintenance of 

the system, including: 

• Adjustment of water 

temperature and target 

temperature per local code 

• Periodic drain and flush 

• Expansion tank and 

backflow preventer ( no 

occupant maintenance 

required) 

• Periodic inspection, 

maintenance or 

replacement 

Ensure occupant is informed 

of the safe, efficient 

operation and maintenance 

of the system 

60 ANSI,ASHRAE Standard 62.2-2010 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 412
 

 

 

 

 

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Topic: Water Heating 

Subtopic: Installation and Replacement 

14) Detail Name: On Demand Appliance 

Desired Outcome: 

•	 Safe and reliable hot water source provided that meets occupant needs at 

lowest possible cost of ownership 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Hazardous material 

removal 

Health concerns in the 

removal and replacement of 

equipment (e.g., asbestos, 

other hazardous materials) 

will be identified 

Written notification will be 

provided to occupants of the 

discovery of hazardous 

material, including contact 

information for regional EPA 

asbestos coordinator 

Remediate health hazards 

using EPA-certified 

contractors 

Occupants will be asked to 

contract with an EPA-certified 

asbestos contractor to 

conduct abatement before 

equipment removal and 

replacement (occupant is 

responsible for abatement or 

remediation) 

2 Equipment removal 

Accepted industry procedures 

and practices will be followed 

to: 

• Remove old water heater 

and associated 

components 

Ensure the safety of the 

workers and occupants 

Ensure building integrity 

while timely and efficiently 

removing old equipment 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 413
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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• Seal any unused chimney 

openings 61 

• Remove unused oil tank, 

lines, valves and associated 

equipment 

3 

New equipment 

installation 

A new water heater and 

associated components will be 

installed to accepted industry 

standards and practices, and 

according to manufacturer 

specifications 62 

Ensure the safety of the 

workers and occupants 

Ensure building integrity 

while installing new 

equipment in a timely and 

efficient manner 

4 Emergency drain pan 

An emergency drain pan will 

be installed according to the 

following criteria: 

• A minimum of 4” above 

floor 

• Connected to 3⁄4” drain line 

or larger to tapping on pan 

• Run to drain, pump or 

daylight 

Collect and safely dispose of 

water escaping from the 

storage tank 

5 Temperature and 

pressure relief valve 

Correct temperature and 

pressure relief valve will be 

installed according to 

manufacturer specifications 63 

Equipment will be connected 

to properly sized discharge 

tube and run to a safe location 

no greater than 6” from floor 

or as prescribed by local code 

Discharge excessive energy 

(pressure or temperature) 

from storage tank to safe 

location 

61 ASTM C1193 - 09 62 NFPA 54,ANSI,AGA Z223.1 or NFPA 31 or NFPA 70A 63 NFPA 54,ANSI,AGA Z223.1 

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6 Di-electric unions 

Di-electric unions will be 

installed according to 

manufacturer specifications 64 

Break the stray voltage 

electrical circuit through the 

storage tank 

7 Backflow prevention 

and pressure regulator 

Backflow prevention will be 

installed according to 

manufacturer specifications 

House water pressure and 

volume will be verified as 

sufficient to meet appliance 

manufacturer specifications 65 

All applicable codes will be 

followed 

Protect the water supply 

from contamination and 

provide for sufficient volume 

and pressure 

8 Thermal efficiency Any accessible hot water lines 

will be insulated Reduce line losses 

9 Required combustion 

air 66 

Recommendations will be 

made to install all 

on-demand appliances as 

sealed combustion 

If not possible: 

Required volume of air 

required for complete 

combustion of the fuel/air 

Ensure adequate combustion 

air for operation of the 

appliance 

mixture will be calculated in 

cubic feet per minute (CFM) as 

established by ANSI and NFPA 

Additional combustion air will 

be provided according to ANSI 

and NFPA guidelines 

64 NFPA 70A 65 NFPA 54,ANSI,AGA Z223.1 66 ANSI,ASHRAE Standard 90.2-2007 

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10 Venting of flue gases 

Combustion byproducts will 

be removed as per Section 504 

IFGC for gas water heaters or 

NFPA 31 for oil water heaters 

67 

Ensure the safety and 

durability of the venting 

system 

11 Combustion testing 68 

Undiluted flue gases will be 

checked with a calibrated flue 

gas analyzer according to 

accepted protocol 

If combustion is not happening 

safely or to maximum 

efficiency, diagnostics and 

adjustments will be done 

according to manufacturer 

specifications or local codes 

Confirm that combustion is 

occurring safely with 

maximum efficiency 

12 Fuel supply 

Electric or fossil fuel supply 

components will be installed 

to accepted industry standards 

as per NFPA 31 for oil or NEC 

for electric 69 

Energy input required by the 

appliance will meet 

manufacturer specifications 

Provide sufficient fuel to the 

water heater burner or 

element 

13 Cold water supply 

The volume and pressure of 

the water supplied to the 

appliance will meet 

manufacturer specifications 70 

Provide sufficient volume 

and pressure of water to the 

appliance 

14 Discharge 

temperature 

Discharge temperature will be 

set not to exceed 120° or as 

per local code, whichever is 

lower 

Ensure safe hot water supply 

temperature to fixtures 

15 Commissioning of 

system 

The following will be checked 

once the system has been 

connected and filled: 

71 

• Safety controls 

Ensure system functions 

safely with lowest possible 

cost of ownership 

67 NFPA 54,ANSI,AGA Z223.1 or NFPA 31 68 ASTM E 1998- 02 2007 69 NFPA 54,ANSI,AGA Z223.1 or NFPA 31 or NFPA 70A 70 NFPA 54,ANSI,AGA Z223.1 71 NFPA 54,ANSI,AGA Z223.1 or NFPA 31 or NFPA 70A 

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• Combustion safety and 

efficiency 

• Operational controls 

• Fuel and water leaks 

• Cycle unit 

• Local code requirements 

Manufacturer specifications 

and all relevant industry 

standards will be met in 

commissioning 

16 Ambient carbon 

monoxide (CO) 

CO monitors will be installed 

in all homes where none are 

present 72 

On completion of work, 

ambient CO will be tested to 

verify level does not exceed 

industry accepted levels 

Protect occupant health and 

safety 

17 Occupant education 73 

Completed work will be 

reviewed 

Occupants will be educated on 

the safe and efficient 

operation and maintenance of 

the system, including: 

• Adjustment of water 

temperature and target 

temperature per local code 

Ensure occupant is informed 

of the safe, efficient 

operation and maintenance 

of the system 

• Operation of backflow 

preventer and pressure 

regulator (no occupant 

maintenance required) 

72 NFPA 720 73 ANSI,ASHRAE Standard 62.2-2010 

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• Importance of keeping 

operating manuals 

accessible 

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Topic: Water Heating 

Subtopic: Installation and Replacement 

15) Detail Name: Regional Considerations 

Row Region Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Very Cold 

On-demand water heaters will 

be sized to meet the demand 

of water flow at very low water 

intake temperatures 74 

Ensure occupant comfort by 

providing adequate hot 

water 

2 Cold 

3 Mixed Humid 

Insulation will be installed 

when water heater is located in 

unconditioned space 

Avoid energy loss 

4 Hot Humid 

5 Marine Hurricane and earthquake 

straps will be installed on all 

water heaters 

Ensure the durability and 

proper operation of the 

water heating system 

6 Hot Dry 

74 NFPA 54,ANSI,AGA Z223.1 

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Topic: Water Heating 

Subtopic: Routine Maintenance 

16) Detail Name: Storage Type Appliance
 

Desired Outcome:
 

• Safe, reliable and efficient operation of the appliance maintained 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Health and safety 

The Building Performance 

Institute (BPI) protocol or 

equivalent for Combustion 

Appliance Zone (CAZ) 

combustion safety testing will 

be administered 75 

NEC violations (e.g., no 

electrical box connector, no 

disconnect, improperly sized 

breaker and wire) will be 

addressed 76 

Identify potential health and 

safety issues 

2 Visual inspection 

Inspection will be conducted 

to find the following: 

77 

• Water or fuel leaks 

• Damaged or missing pipe 

insulation, and tank 

insulation where 

applicable 

• Damaged wiring 

• Venting issues with draft 

and condensation (e.g., 

soot, rusting of flue pipe, 

burned paint or wires, 

efflorescence) 

Determine needed repairs or 

maintenance 

75 ASTM E1998 - 02(2007) 76 NFPA 70A 77 NFPA 54,ANSI,AGA Z223.1 

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• Corrosion (e.g., rust, 

mineral deposits) 

• General condition of 

components 

3 Thermal efficiency 

Tanks will be insulated to a 

minimum of R-11 unless 

prohibited by codes or the 

manufacturer 

Added insulation will not 

obstruct the unit’s draft 

diverter, pressure relief valve, 

thermostats, hi-limit switch, 

plumbing pipes or elements 

and thermostat access plates 

Reduce standby losses from 

near tank piping and storage 

tank 

Ensure insulation does not 

make contact with flue gas 

venting 

The first 6’ of inlet and outlet 

piping will be insulated 

according to manufacturer 

specifications 

4 Stainless steel 

expansion tank 

A stainless steel bladder 

expansion tank will be 

installed on the cold water 

side 78 

A direct connection with no 

valves from the expansion 

tank to the storage tank will 

be installed 79 

Connection will be properly 

Absorb water expansion of the 

system 

supported with strapping 

Tanks that leak or have 

excessive corrosion will be 

replaced 

An expansion tank drain will 

be included in non-bladder 

78 NFPA 54,ANSI,AGA Z223.1 79 NFPA 54,ANSI,AGA Z223.1 

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tanks 

Tank will be installed 

according to manufacturer 

specifications 80 

Expansion tanks will be 

properly supported with 

strapping 

Tanks that are completely full 

of water will be drained and 

refilled before being replaced 

or repaired 

Expansion tanks with bladders 

will have air charged to the 

manufacturer pressure 

requirements while water is 

not present in the tank 

Bladder tanks with water 

inside of the air bladder will 

be replaced according 

manufactures specifications 

5 Temperature and 

pressure relief valve 

Correct temperature and 

pressure relief valve will be 

installed according to 

manufacturer specifications 81 

Equipment will be connected 

to properly sized discharge 

tube 82 

Discharge excessive energy 

(pressure or temperature) 

from storage tank to safe 

location 

Discharge tube will be run to 

a safe location no greater 

than 6” from floor or as 

prescribed by local code 

80 NFPA 54,ANSI,AGA Z223.1 81 NFPA 54,ANSI,AGA Z223.1 82 NFPA 54,ANSI,AGA Z223.1 

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6 Maintenance records 

Occupants will be advised to 

keep records of all 

maintenance done to their 

system 83 

Copies of or access to 

installation and operation 

manuals will be provided 

Provide a history of system 

installation and maintenance 

to improve chance of 

successful future maintenance 

or repair 

8 Occupant 

health and safety 

Carbon monoxide (CO) 

monitors will be installed in 

all homes where none are 

present 84 

On completion of work, 

ambient CO will be tested to 

verify level does not exceed 

industry accepted levels 

Protect occupant health and 

safety 

9 Occupant education 

Completed work will be 

reviewed 

Occupants will be educated 

on the safe and efficient 

operation and maintenance 

of the system, including: 85 

• Adjustment of water 

temperature and target 

temperature per local 

code 

• Periodic drain and flush 

• Periodic inspection, 

maintenance or 

replacement of Anode rod 

Ensure occupant is informed 

of the safe, efficient operation 

and maintenance of the 

system 

83 NFPA 54,ANSI,AGA Z223.1 84 NFPA 720 85 ANSI,ASHRAE Standard 90.2-2007 

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Topic: Water Heating 

Subtopic: Routine Maintenance 

17) Detail Name: On Demand Appliance
 

Desired Outcome:
 

• Safe, reliable and efficient operation of the appliance maintained 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Health and safety 

The Building Performance 

Institute (BPI) protocol or 

equivalent for Combustion 

Appliance Zone (CAZ) 

combustion safety testing will 

be administered 86 

Violations of National Electric 

Code (e.g., no electrical box 

connector, no disconnect, 

improperly sized breaker and 

wire) will be addressed 87 

Identify potential health and 

safety issues 

2 Visual inspection 

Components will be inspected 

for the following: 

88 

• Water or fuel leaks 

• Damaged or missing pipe 

insulation 

• Damaged wiring 

Determine needed repairs or 

maintenance 

• Venting Issues – draft and 

condensation (e.g., soot, 

rusting of flue pipe, burned 

paint or wires, 

efflorescence) 

86 ASTM E1998 - 02(2007) 87 NFPA 70A 88 NFPA 54,ANSI,AGA Z223.1 

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• Corrosion (e.g., rust, 

mineral deposits) 

• General condition of 

components 

3 Temperature and 

pressure relief valve 

Correct temperature and 

pressure relief valve will be 

installed according to 

manufacturer specifications: 

89 

• Equipment will be 

connected to properly 

sized discharge tube 

• The discharge tube will be 

run to a safe location no 

greater than 6” from floor 

or as prescribed by local 

code 

Discharge excessive energy 

(pressure or temperature) 

from storage tank to safe 

location 

4 Combustion testing 

Undiluted flue gases will be 

checked with a calibrated flue 

gas analyzer according to 

accepted protocol 90 

If combustion is not occurring 

safely or to maximum 

efficiency, diagnostics and 

adjustments will be made 

according to manufacturer 

specifications or local 

standards 

Perform combustion testing 

5 Required combustion 

air 91 

If sealed combustion has not 

been installed: 

• The required volume of air 

required for complete 

combustion of the fuel/air 

mixture will be calculated 

in cubic feet per minute 

(CFM) as established by 

Ensure adequate combustion 

air for operation of the 

appliance 

89 NFPA 54,ANSI,AGA Z223.1 90 ASTM E1998 - 02(2007) 91 NFPA 54,ANSI,AGA Z223.1 

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ANSI and NFPA 

• Additional combustion air 

will be provided according 

to ANSI and NFPA 

guidelines 

6 Venting of flue gases 

Condition of venting will be 

inspected per Section 504 

IFGC for gas water heaters or 

NFPA 31 for oil water heaters 

92 

Verify proper venting of flue 

gases 

7 Fuel supply 

Condition of fuel supply 

components will be checked 

per NFPA 31 for oil or NEC for 

electric 93 

Verify sufficient fuel to the 

water heater burner and 

element 

8 Cold water supply 

Water supplied to the 

appliance will be of sufficient 

volume and pressure to meet 

manufacturer specifications 

Verify sufficient volume and 

pressure of water to the 

appliance 

9 Discharge 

temperature 

Discharge temperature will be 

set not to exceed 120° or as 

per local code, whichever is 

lower 

Ensure safe hot water supply 

temperature to fixtures 

10 Test the system 

safety and operational 

The following will be tested: 

• Safety controls (e.g., water 

and air pressure switches) 

• Combustion safety and 

efficiency 

• Operational controls 

Ensure system functions 

safely with lowest possible 

cost of ownership 

• Fuel and water leaks 

• Unit runs through 

complete cycle 

• Local code requirements 

92 NFPA 31 or NFPA 54,ANSI,AGA Z223.1 93 NFPA 54,ANSI,AGA Z223.1 or NFPA 31 or NFPA 70A 

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Manufacturer specifications 

and all relevant industry 

standards will be met 

11 Maintenance records 

Occupants will be advised to 

keep records of all 

maintenance done to their 

system 94 

Copies of or access to 

installation and operation 

manuals will be provided 

Improve chance of successful 

future maintenance or repair 

12 Occupant 

health and safety 

Carbon monoxide (CO) 

monitors will be installed in all 

homes where none are 

present 95 

On completion of work, 

ambient CO will be tested to 

verify level does not exceed 

industry accepted levels 

Protect occupant health and 

safety 

13 Occupant education 96 

Completed work will be 

reviewed 

Occupants will be educated on 

the safe and efficient 

operation and maintenance of 

the system, including: 

• Adjustment of water 

temperature 

• Target temperature per 

local code 

Ensure occupant is informed 

of the safe, efficient 

operation and maintenance 

of the system 

94 ANSI,ASHRAE Standard 62.2-2010 95 NFPA 720 96 ANSI,ASHRAE Standard 62.2-2010 

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Shading 

Landscaping: 

18) Indigenous Shading 

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Topic: Shading 

Subtopic: Landscaping 

18) Detail Name: Indigenous Shading
 

Desired Outcome:
 

• Heat gain reduced through use of indigenous shade plants 

Row Title Specification(s) Objective(s) 

1 Plant selection 

All plantings intended for 

shading will be indigenous 

and drought resistant 

Ensure plantings survive in 

local conditions using a 

minimum amount of water 

2 Size 

No planting will be chosen 

that will grow to a height that 

would cause damage to the 

house if it or any part of it fell 

on the house 

Reduce the possibility of 

damage to the house 

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GLOSSARY
 

Row Term Definition 

1 ACCA Air Conditioning Contractors of America, 

www.acca.org 

2 ADC Air Diffusion Council, 

www.flexibleduct.org 

3 Air barrier 

The separation between the interior and exterior 

environments of a building that slows air flow to 

the point that no smoke movement is visible at 

50 Pascals of pressure difference across the 

boundary 

4 ANSI American National Standards Institute, 

www.ansi.org 

5 ASHRAE 

American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and 

Air-Conditioning Engineers, 

www.ashrae.org 

6 ASTM ASTM International, 

www.astm.org 

7 Backdraft damper A damper that allows air to flow in only one 

direction 

8 Beaded collar 

A round fitting with a ridge or lip partway down 

its length that prevents a flexible duct that is 

mechanically attached with a draw band from 

sliding off 

9 Bonus room 

A livable room that is often over a garage or in an 

attic area; the room commonly contains slanted 

ceilings and knee walls 

10 BPI Building Performance Institute, 

www.bpi.org 

11 Can light A light fixture (or can) that is recessed into the 

ceiling 

12 Cathedral ceiling A condition in which the ceiling has the same 

slope as the roof 

13 Cathedralized attic 

An attic that contains insulation located at the 

roof deck rather than the attic floor, bringing the 

attic space into the thermal boundary of the 

house 

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14 Closed crawl space 

A foundation without wall vents that uses airsealed walls, ground and foundation moisture 

control, and mechanical drying method to 

control crawl space moisture 

Insulation may be located at the conditioned 

floor level or on the exterior walls 

Return pathways are not allowed from the crawl 

space to the living space 

15 Conditioned crawl space 

A foundation without wall vents that encloses an 

intentionally heated and/or cooled space 

Insulation is located on the exterior walls 

16 Conditioned basement 

A below- or partially below-grade livable space 

with concrete or finished floor that is 

intentionally heated or cooled 

17 Dense pack The process of installing loose-fill insulation to 

reduce air flow and perform to a stated R-value 

18 Di-electric union 

A plumbing connection that separates two 

different materials and does not allow them to 

chemically react and break down 

19 Tie band 

A strap, often made of nylon, that mechanically 

squeezes a flexible duct to a fitting 

Must have a minimum performance temperature 

rating of 165° (per UL 181A-type test) and a 

minimum tensile strength rating of 50 pounds 

20 Efflorescence 

Deposits of crystals or salts left attached to 

masonry materials after moisture has 

evaporated off of the surface 

21 Egress window A window that people can escape through in an 

emergency 

22 Envelope 

The separation between the interior and exterior 

environments of a building, which includes a 

combination of air and thermal barriers 

23 EPA Environmental Protection Agency, 

www.epa.gov 

24 Exfiltration 

The uncontrolled passage of inside air out of a 

building through unintended leaks in the building 

envelope 

25 Exterior storm window An additional window assembly installed on the 

exterior of the main window 

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26 Finished attic An attic space which has been converted into an 

additional living space of the house 

27 Hi-limit switch 

A protective electronic switch that keeps a 

burner from continuing to operate and damage 

the appliance 

28 Hydrophobic 

Lacking affinity for water; tending to repel and 

not absorb water; tending not to dissolve in, mix 

with or be wetted by water 

29 IBR Institute of Boiler and Radiator Manufacturers, 

www.gamanet.org 

30 IECC International Energy Conservation Code 

31 Ignition barrier Any layer of material that protects another from 

catching fire due to heat or spark 

32 IMC International Mechanical Code 

33 Infiltration 

The uncontrolled passage of outside air into a 

building through unintended leaks in the building 

envelope 

34 Interior storm window An additional window assembly installed on the 

interior of the main window 

35 IRC International Residential Code 

36 Knee wall Any wall between the conditioned space and the 

attic 

37 Modulating systems 

Heating systems with the ability to adjust the 

heating capacity and output based on the 

heating demand 

38 NAIMA North American Insulation Manufacturers 

Association, www.naima.org 

39 NATE North American Technician Excellence, 

www.natex.org 

40 NEBB National Environmental Balancing Bureau, 

www.nebb.org 

41 NEC National Electrical Code 

42 NFPA National Fire Protections Association, 

www.nfpa.org 

43 Orphaned equipment 

Condition when one smaller combustion 

appliance exists after being commonly vented 

with a larger appliance 

What remains is a larger exhaust flue or chimney 

than is necessary for the remaining smaller 

appliance 

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44 Orphaned water heater 

Condition when one smaller combustion 

appliance (i.e. water heater) exists after being 

commonly vented with a larger appliance 

What remains is a larger exhaust flue or chimney 

than is necessary for the water heater 

45 OSHA Occupational Safety and Health Administration, 

www.osha.gov 

46 Perm rating The measurement of a material’s ability to allow 

the transfer of water vapor through the material 

47 Programmable thermostat 

A thermostat designed to adjust the temperature 

according to a series of programmed settings 

that take effect at different times of the day 

48 Rigid material 

Drywall, oriented strand board, duct board, 

cardboard or any other stiff product that may 

support the load of insulation while serving as a 

durable air barrier 

49 RPA Radiant Panel Association, 

www.radiantpanelassociation.org 

50 Service switch An electrical switch that controls the complete 

flow of electricity to a mechanical device 

51 SMACNA 

Sheet Metal and Air Conditioning Contractors’ 

National Association, 

www.smacna.org 

52 Standby loss 

Heat loss through the outer part of a water 

heater 

Energy that is used even when that device is 

turned off 

53 Storm door 

An additional door assembly that is installed on 

the exterior of the main door 

54 Strip heat 

A function of a heat pump that uses energyintensive resistance heat to warm conditioned 

space when the heat pump is unable to satisfy 

the heating demand; also provides emergency 

heat backup for heat pumps 

55 TABB Testing and Balancing Bureau, 

www.tabcertified.org 

56 Thermal boundary The separation between the interior and exterior 

environments of a building that slows heat flow 

57 Unconditioned basement 

A below- or partially below-grade livable space 

with concrete or finished floor without 

intentional heating or cooling 

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58 Thermal resistance 

The insulation or other building material that 

offers the primary barrier to thermal 

transmittance 

R-value is a measurement of thermal resistance 

59 Vapor barrier A material that retards the passage of water 

vapor and contains a perm rating of less than 1 

60 Vapor retarder A material that slows the passage of water vapor 

and contains a perm rating above 1 

61 Vaulted ceiling A condition where the ceiling has a different 

slope than the roof 

62 Vented crawl space 

A foundation that uses wall vents as a primary 

means to control moisture 

Insulation is located at the conditioned floor 

level above the crawl space 

63 Wind intrusion 

A condition where air from outside of a structure 

can pass through insulation and reduce its 

performance 

64 Wood/materials shrinkage 

A loss of dimension and weight as a result of 

drying the structure and operating the building 

at lower relative humidity 

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APPENDIX D
 

Referenced Standards
 

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SUMMARY OF OSHA STANDARDS REFERENCED:
 

PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT (PPE)
 

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o	 Personal Protective Equipment (CFR 1926.28 & Subpart E and 1910 Subpart I)General 

requirements (CFR 1926.95 and 1910.132) 

• Eye and face protection (CFR 1926.102 and 1910.133) 

• Respiratory Protection (CFR 1926.103 and 1910.134) 

 Fit Testing Procedures (CFR 1910.134 Appendix A – Mandatory) 

 User Seal Check Procedures (CFR 1910.134 Appendix B-1 - Mandatory). 

 Respirator Cleaning Procedures (CFR 1910.134 Appendix B-2 - Mandatory). 

 OSHA Respirator Medical Evaluation Questionnaire (CFR 1910.134 Appendix C ­

Mandatory). 

 Information for Employees Using Respirators When not Required Under 

Standard (CFR 1910.134 Appendix D - Mandatory) 

• Head protection (CFR 1926.100 and 1910.135) 

• Foot protection (CFR 1926.96 and 1910.136) 

• Electrical protective devices (CFR 1910.137) 

• Hand Protection (CFR 1910.138) 

o	 Electrical (CFR 1926 Subparts K & V and 1910 Subpart S) 

o	 Confined Space (CFR 1910.146) 

o	 Environmental Controls and Ventilation for Construction (CFR 1926 Subpart D and 1926.57) 

o	 Fire Safety (CFR 1926 Subpart F and 1910 Subpart L) 

o	 Fall Protection (CFR 1926 Subpart M) 

o	 Walking working surfaces (CFR 1910 Subpart D) 

o	 Flammable and Combustible Liquids (CFR 1926.152 and 1910.106) 

o	 General duty clause – Section 5 (a)(1) OSH Act 

o	 Compressed Gas and Compressed Air Equipment (CFR 1926.154 and 1910 Subpart M) 

o	 Hazardous materials (CFR 1910 Subpart H and 1910 Subpart H) 

o	 Egress (CFR 1926.34 and 1910 Subpart E) 

o	 Storage and Handling of Liquefied Petroleum Gases (CFR 1926.153 and 1910.110) 

o	 Hand and Portable Powered Tools and Other Hand-held Equipment (CFR 1926 Subpart I 

and 1910 Subpart P) 

o	 Welding and Brazing (CFR 1926 Subpart J and 1910 Subpart Q) 

o	 Toxic and Hazardous Materials (CFR 1926 Subpart Z and 1910 Subpart Z) 

o	 Hazardous Communications (CFR 1926.59 and 1910.1200) 

o	 Lockout and Tagging Circuits (CFR 1926.417) 

o	 Ladders (CFR 1926 Subpart X) 

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SUMMARY OF STANDARDS REFERENCED:
 

AIR SEALING
 

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ASTM E1186 - 03(2009) Standard Practices for Air Leakage Site Detection in 

Building Envelopes and Air Barrier Systems 

Significance and Use 

Air infiltration into the conditioned space of a building accounts for a significant portion of the 

thermal space condition load. Air infiltration can affect occupant comfort by producing drafts, 

causing indoor air quality problems by carrying outdoor pollutants into occupied building space 

and, in hot humid climates, depositing moisture in the building envelope, resulting in 

deterioration of building envelope components. In cold climates, exfiltration of conditioned air 

out of a building can deposit moisture in the building envelope causing deterioration of building 

envelope components. Differential pressure across the building envelope and the presence of 

air leakage sites cause air infiltration and exfiltration (1). 

In some buildings, restricting air movement between interior zones of a building may be desired 

to separate dissimilar interior environments or prevent the movement of pollutants. Although 

not dealt with specifically in this standard, the detection practices presented can also be useful 

in detecting air leaks between interior zones of the building. 

Air leakage sites are often difficult to locate because air flows may be small under the prevailing 

weather conditions. Wind conditions can aid in air leakage detection by forcing air to enter a 

building; however, where air is exiting, the building envelope construction may make 

observations difficult. For these reasons, forced pressurization or depressurization is strongly 

recommended for those practices which require controlled flow direction. 

The techniques for air leakage site detection covered in these practices allow for a wide range 

of flexibility in the choice of techniques that are best suited for detecting various types of air 

leakage sites in specific situations. 

The infrared scanning technique for air leakage site detection has the advantage of rapid 

surveying capability. Entire building exterior surfaces or inside wall surfaces can be covered 

with a single scan or a simple scanning action, provided there are no obscuring thermal effects 

from construction features or incident solar radiation. The details of a specific air leakage site 

may then be probed more closely by focusing on the local area. Local leak detection is well 

addressed with smoke tracer, anemometer, sound detection, bubble detection, and tracer gas 

techniques. However, these techniques are time consuming for large surfaces. The pressurized 

or depressurized test chamber and smoke tracer or a depressurized test chamber and leak 

detection liquid practices can be used in situations where depressurizing or pressurizing the 

entire envelope is impractical, which is the case during construction. Both of the practices 

enable the detection of very small leaks. To perform these practices, the air barrier system 

must be accessible. 

Complexity of building air leakage sites may diminish the ability for detection. For example, 

using the sound detection approach, sound may be absorbed in the tortuous path through the 

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insulation. Air moving through such building leakage paths may lose some of its temperature 

differential and thus make thermographic detection difficult. The absence of jet-like air flow at 

an air leakage site may make detection using the anemometer practice difficult. 

Stack effect in multistory commercial buildings can cause gravity dampers to stand open. 

Computer-controlled dampers should be placed in normal and night modes to aid in 

determining existing building conditions. Sensitive pressure measurement equipment can be 

used for evaluating pressure levels between floors and the exterior. Monitoring systems in 

high-tech buildings can supply qualitative data on pressure differences. 

1. Scope 

1.1 These practices cover standardized techniques for locating air leakage sites in building 

envelopes and air barrier systems. 

1.2 These practices offer choices for means of determining the location of air leakage sites with 

each offering certain advantages for specific applications. 

1.3 Some of the practices require knowledge of infrared scanning, building and test chamber 

pressurization and depressurization, smoke generation techniques, sound generation and 

detection, and tracer gas concentration measurement techniques. 

1.4 The practices described are of a qualitative nature in determining the air leakage sites 

rather than determining quantitative leakage rates. 

1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement 

are included in this standard. 

1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with 

its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and 

health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For 

specific hazard statements, see Section 6. 

Referenced Documents 

ASTM Standards 

E631 Terminology of Building Constructions 

E741 Test Method for Determining Air Change in a Single Zone by Means of a Tracer Gas 

Dilution 

E779 Test Method for Determining Air Leakage Rate by Fan Pressurization 

Other Standards 

ISO Standard 6781 Thermal Insulation – Qualitative Detection of Thermal Irregularities in 

Building Envelopes – Infrared Method 

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ASTM C834 - 10 Standard Specification for Latex Sealants 

Abstract 

This specification covers latex sealants used for sealing joints in building construction. The 

following are the type and grade of sealant under this specification: Type OP, Type C, Grade 

18°C, Grade 0°C and Grade NF. The sealant shall be composed of latex formulated with 

appropriate fillers, pigments and chemical additives. The physical properties of the sealant shall 

conform to the specified requirements according to type and grade. The following tests shall be 

done: extrudability after aging, artificial weathering, volume shrinkage, low-temperature 

flexibility, extension-recovery and adhesion, slump, staining and tack-free time. 

This abstract is a brief summary of the referenced standard. It is only informational and not an 

official part of the standard; the full text of the standard itself must be referred to for its use and 

application. ASTM neither gives any warranty, expressed or implied, nor makes any 

representation that the contents of this abstract are accurate, complete or timely. 

Significance and Use 

This specification covers two types and three grades of latex sealants, as described in Section 4, 

that are formulated for general caulking and sealing operations in building construction. It 

should be recognized by the user that not all sealants meeting this specification are suitable for 

all applications and all substrates. It is essential, therefore, that the type and grade be specified 

for proper description of a sealant. Test methods relate to special standard substrates of glass, 

wood and aluminum. If tests are required using substrates in addition to or other than the 

standard, they should be so specified for testing. 

Refer to Guide C1193 for information on the proper use of sealants meeting this specification. 

1. Scope 

1.1 This specification covers one component of latex sealants used for sealing joints in building 

construction. 

1.2 A sealant meeting the requirements of this specification shall be classified by the 

manufacturer to be one of the types and grades defined in Section 4. 

1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The inch-pound in the 

parentheses is provided for informational purposes only. 

1.4 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Section 10, of 

this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, 

associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish 

appropriate safety and health practices, and determine the applicability of regulatory 

limitations prior to use. 

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Note 1—Currently, there is no ISO standard similar to this specification. 

Referenced Documents 

ASTM Standards 

C717 Terminology of Building Seals and Sealants 

C732 Test Method for Aging Effects of Artificial Weathering on Latex Sealants 

C734 Test Method for Low-Temperature Flexibility of Latex Sealants After Artificial Weathering 

C736 Test Method for Extension-Recovery and Adhesion of Latex Sealants 

C1183 Test Method for Extrusion Rate of Elastomeric Sealants 

C1193 Guide for Use of Joint Sealants 

C1241 Test Method for Volume Shrinkage of Latex Sealants During Cure 

D2202 Test Method for Slump of Sealants 

D2203 Test Method for Staining from Sealants 

D2377 Test Method for Tack-Free Time of Caulking Compounds and Sealants 

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ASTM E136 - 09b Standard Test Method for Behavior of Materials in a Vertical 

Tube Furnace at 750°C 

Significance and Use 

While actual building fire exposure conditions are not duplicated, this test method will assist in 

indicating those materials which do not act to aid combustion or add appreciable heat to an 

ambient fire. 

Materials passing the test are permitted limited flaming and other indications of combustion. 

1. Scope 

1.1 This fire-test-response evaluation method covers the determination under specified 

laboratory conditions of combustion characteristics of building materials. 

1.2 Limitations of this test method are shown below. 

1.2.1 This test method does not apply to laminated or coated materials. 

1.2.2 This test method is not suitable or satisfactory for materials that soften, flow, melt, 

intumesce or otherwise separate from the measuring thermocouple. 

1.2.3 This test method does not provide a measure of an intrinsic property. 

1.2.4 This test method does not provide a quantitative measure of heat generation or 

combustibility; it simply serves as a test method with selected (endpoint) measures of 

combustibility. 

1.2.5 This test method does not measure the self-heating tendencies of materials. 

1.2.6 In this test method materials are not being tested in the nature and form used in building 

applications. The test specimen consists of a small, specified volume that is either (1) cut from a 

thick sheet; (2) assembled from multiple thicknesses of thin sheets; or (3) placed in a container 

if composed of granular powder or loose-fiber materials. 

1.2.7 Results from this test method apply to the specific test apparatus and test conditions, and 

are likely to vary when changes are made to one or more of the following: (1) the size, shape 

and arrangement of the specimen; (2) the distribution of organic content; (3) the exposure 

temperature; (4) the air supply; (5) the location of thermocouples. 

1.3 This test method references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory information. 

These notes and footnotes, excluding those in tables and figures, shall not be considered as 

requirements of this test method. 

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1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in the 

parentheses are for informational purposes only. 

1.5 This standard is used to measure and describe the response of materials, products or 

assemblies to heat and flame under controlled conditions, but does not by itself incorporate all 

factors required for fire-hazard or fire-risk assessment of the materials, products or assemblies 

under actual fire conditions. 

1.6 Fire testing is inherently hazardous. Adequate safeguards for personnel and property shall 

be employed in conducting these tests. 

1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with 

its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and 

health practices, and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 

Referenced Documents 

ASTM Standards 

D3174 Test Method for Ash in the Analysis Sample of Coal and Coke from Coal 

E84 Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials 

E176 Terminology of Fire Standards 

ISO Standard 

ISO 13943 Fire Safety-Vocabulary 

Other Standard 

BS476 Combustibility Test of Materials 

16CFR460.17 What installers must tell their customers 

If you are an installer, you must give your customers a contract or receipt for the insulation you 

install. For all insulation except loose-fill and aluminum foil, the receipt must show the coverage 

area, thickness and R-value of the insulation you installed. To figure out the R-value of the 

insulation, use the data that the manufacturer gives you. The receipt must be dated and signed 

by the installer. If you put insulation in more than one part of the house, put the data for each 

part on the receipt. You can do this on one receipt as long as you do not add up the coverage 

areas or R-values for different parts of the house. Do not multiply the R-value for one inch by 

the number of inches you installed. For loose-fill, the receipt must show the coverage area, 

initial installed thickness, minimum settled thickness, R-value and the number of bags used. For 

aluminum foil, the receipt must show the number and thickness of the air spaces, the direction 

of heat flow and the R-value. 

[70 FR 31276, May 31, 2005] 

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ASTM C1015 - 06 Standard Practice for Installation of Cellulosic and Mineral 

Fiber Loose-Fill Thermal Insulation 

Significance and Use 

This practice recognizes that effectiveness, safety and durability of insulation depend not only 

on the quality of the insulating materials, but also on their proper installation. 

Improper installation of insulation can reduce thermal effectiveness, cause fire risks and other 

unsafe conditions and promote deterioration of the structure in which it is installed. Specific 

hazards that can result from improper installation include fires caused by (1) heat build-up in 

recessed lighting fixtures; (2) deterioration or failure of electrical wiring components; (3) heat 

buildup resulting from overcurrent protection devices incorrectly matched to wiring; or (4) 

deterioration in wood structures and paint failure due to moisture accumulation. 

This practice provides general procedures that will help ensure the installation of insulation in a 

safe and effective manner. It must be noted that actual conditions in existing buildings vary 

greatly, and in some cases substantial additional care and precaution must be taken to ensure 

effective and safe installation. 

1. Scope 

1.1 This practice covers procedures for the installation of cellulosic and mineral fiber loose-fill 

insulation in ceilings, attics and floor and wall cavities of new or existing housing and other 

framed buildings. 

1.2 This practice applies only to the installation of dry loose-fill thermal insulation consisting of 

cellulosic materials or mineral fiber by pneumatic or pouring application. 

1.3 This practice covers the installation process from pre-installation inspection through postinstallation procedure. It does not cover the production of the insulation materials. 

1.4 This practice is not intended to replace the manufacturer's installation instructions, but shall 

be used in conjunction with such instructions. This practice is not intended to supersede local, 

state or federal codes. 

1.5 This practice assumes that the installer possesses a good working knowledge of the 

applicable codes and regulations, safety practices, tools, equipment and methods necessary for 

the installation of thermal insulation materials. It also assumes that the installer understands 

the fundamentals of residential construction that affect the installation of insulation. 

1.6 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given 

in the parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for informational 

purposes only. 

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This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its 

use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and 

health practices, and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For 

specific precautionary statements, see Section 5. 

Referenced Documents 

ASTM Standards 

C168 Terminology Relating to Thermal Insulation 

C739 Specification for Cellulosic Fiber Loose-Fill Thermal Insulation 

C755 Practice for Selection of Water Vapor Retarders for Thermal Insulation 

C764 Specification for Mineral Fiber Loose-Fill Thermal Insulation 

NFPA Standards 

ICC Document 

Federal Standard 

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ASTM C 1320-05 (09) Standard Practice for Installation of Mineral Fiber Batt and 

Blanket Insulation Thermal Insulation for Light Frame Construction 

Significance and Use 

This practice recognizes that effectiveness, safety and durability of insulation depend not only 

on the quality of the insulating materials, but also on their proper installation. 

This practice provides general procedures that will help to ensure installation of insulation in a 

safe and effective manner. It shall be noted that actual conditions in existing buildings vary 

greatly and in some cases additional care shall be taken to ensure effective and safe 

installation. 

1. Scope 

1.1 This practice covers procedures for the installation of mineral fiber batt and blanket thermal 

insulation in ceilings, attics, floors and walls of new or existing housing and other light frame 

construction. 

1.2 This practice covers the installation process from pre-installation inspection through postinstallation inspection. It does not cover the production of the insulation materials. 

1.3 This practice is not intended to replace manufacturers' installation instructions, but it shall 

be used in conjunction with such instructions. This practice is not intended to supersede local, 

state or federal codes. 

1.4 This practice assumes that the installer possesses a working knowledge of applicable codes 

and regulations, safety practices, tools, equipment and methods necessary for the installation 

of thermal insulation materials. It also assumes that the installer understands the fundamentals 

of construction that affect the installation of insulation. 

1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given 

in the parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for informational 

purposes only. 

1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with 

its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and 

health practices, and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 

IECC Section 303 Materials, Systems and Equipment 

303.1.1.1 Blown or sprayed roof/ceiling insulation. The thickness of blown-in or sprayed 

roof/ceiling insulation (fiberglass or cellulose) shall be written in inches (mm) on markers that 

are installed – at least one for every 300 square feet (28 m2) throughout the attic space. The 

markers shall be affixed to the trusses or joists and marked with the minimum initial installed 

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thickness with numbers a minimum of 1 inch (25 mm) in height. Each marker shall face the attic 

access opening. Spray polyurethane foam thickness and installed R-value shall be listed on 

certification provided by the insulation installer 

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ASTM E1554 - 07 Standard Test Methods for Determining Air Leakage of Air 

Distribution Systems by Fan Pressurization 

Significance and Use 

Air leakage between an air distribution system and unconditioned spaces affects the energy 

losses from the distribution system, the ventilation rate of the building and the entry rate of air 

pollutants. 

The determination of infiltration energy loads and ventilation rates of residences and small 

commercial buildings are typically based on the assumption that the principal driving forces for 

infiltration and ventilation are the wind and indoor or outdoor temperature differences. This 

can be an inappropriate assumption for buildings that have distribution systems that pass 

through unconditioned spaces because the existence of relatively modest leakage from that 

system has a relatively large impact on overall ventilation rates. The air leakage characteristics 

of these exterior distribution systems are needed to determine their ventilation, energy and 

pollutant-entry implications. 

Air leakage through the exterior air distribution envelope may be treated in the same manner 

as air leakage in the building envelope as long as the system is not operating (see Test Method 

E 779). However, when the system blower is on, the pressures across the air distribution system 

leaks are usually significantly larger than those driving natural infiltration. Depending on the 

size of the leaks, these pressures can induce much larger flows than natural infiltration. Thus, it 

is important to be able to isolate these leaks from building envelope leaks. The leakage of air 

distribution systems must be measured in the field, because it has been shown that 

workmanship and installation details are more important than design in determining the 

leakage of these systems. 

For codes, standards and other compliance or quality control applications, the precision and 

repeatability at meeting a specified target (i.e. air flow at reference pressure) is more important 

than air leakage flows at operating conditions. Some existing codes, standards and voluntary 

programs require the use of a simpler test method (i.e. Test Method D) that does not separate 

supply from return leakage, leakage to inside from leakage to outside, or estimate leakage 

pressures at operating conditions. 

5.5 Test Methods A, B and C can be used for energy use calculations, and compliance and 

quality control applications. Test Method D is intended for use in compliance and quality 

control only. 

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1. Scope 

1.1 The test methods included in this standard are applicable to the air distribution systems in 

low-rise residential and commercial buildings. 

1.2 The test methods cover four techniques for measuring the air leakage of air distribution 

systems. The techniques use air flow and pressure measurements to determine the leakage 

characteristics. 

1.3 The test methods for two of the techniques also specify the auxiliary measurements needed 

to characterize the magnitude of the distribution system air leakage during normal operation. 

1.4 A test method for the total re-circulating air flow induced by the system blower is included 

so that the air distribution system leakage can be normalized as is often required for energy 

calculations. 

1.5 The proper use of the test methods requires knowledge of the principles of air flow and 

pressure measurements. 

1.6 Three of the test methods are intended to produce a measure of the air leakage from the 

air distribution system to outside. The other test method measures total air leakage, including 

air leaks to inside conditioned space. 

1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in the 

parentheses are for informational purposes only. 

1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with 

its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and 

health practices, and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For 

specific hazard statements, see Section 7. 

Referenced Documents 

ASTM Standards 

E631 Terminology of Building Constructions 

E779 Test Method for Determining Air Leakage Rate by Fan Pressurization 

E1258 Test Method for Airflow Calibration of Fan Pressurization Devices 

ASME Standard 

MFC-3M Measurement of Fluid Flow in Pipes Using Orifice Nozzle and Venturi 

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ASTM C920 - 10 Standard Specification for Elastomeric Joint Sealants 

Abstract 

This specification covers the properties of a cured single- or multi-component cold-applied 

elastomeric joint sealant for sealing, caulking or glazing operations on buildings, plazas and 

decks for vehicular or pedestrian use, and types of construction other than highway and airfield 

pavements and bridges. A sealant qualifying under this specification shall be classified by type, 

grade, class and use as follows: Type S - a single-component sealant, Type M - a multicomponent sealant, Grade P - a pourable or self leveling sealant, Grade NS - a nonsag or 

gunnable sealant, Class 100/50, Class 50, Class 35, Class 25, Class 12.5, Use T, Use NT, Use I, Use 

M, Use G, Use A and Use O. A single-component sealant shall be a uniform mixture of a 

consistency suitable for immediate application by hand, pressure caulking gun or hand tool. A 

multi-component chemically curing sealant shall be furnished in two or more components. A 

single-component and multi-component sealant, when stored in the original unopened 

container at temperatures no greater than 27°C (80°F), shall be capable of meeting the 

requirements for at least six months after the delivery date. Grade P (pourable or self leveling) 

sealant shall have the required flow characteristics; it shall exhibit a smooth, level surface. 

Grade NS or gunnable sealant shall have the required flow characteristics when tested in 

vertical displacement. Type S, Grade P, and Grade NS sealant shall not be less than the given 

extrusion rate when tested. Type M and Grade P sealant shall be no less than the given 

extrudable rate 3 h after mixing. Use T (traffic) sealant shall have a hardness reading, after 

being properly cured, of no less than 25 or no more than 50 when tested. Use NT (nontraffic) 

sealant shall have a hardness reading, after being properly cured, of no less than 15 or no more 

than 50 when tested. The sealant shall not lose more than 7% of its original weight or show any 

cracking or chalking when tested. There shall be no transfer of the sealant to the polyethylene 

film when tested at 72 h. The sealant shall not cause any visible stain on the top surface of a 

white cement mortar base when tested. The adhesion and cohesion after cyclic movement shall 

be tested to meet the requirements prescribed. The adhesion-in-peel test shall be performed to 

meet the requirements prescribed. The adhesion-in-peel after ultraviolet exposure through 

glass shall be determined to meet the requirements prescribed. The accelerated weathering 

effects and sealants exposed to continuous immersion shall be determined to meet the 

requirements prescribed. 

This abstract is a brief summary of the referenced standard. It is for informational purposes only 

and not an official part of the standard; the full text of the standard itself must be referred to for 

its use and application. ASTM neither gives any warranty, expressed or implied, nor makes any 

representation that the contents of this abstract are accurate, complete or timely. 

Significance and Use 

This specification covers several classifications of sealants, as described in Section 4, for various 

applications. It should be recognized by the purchaser or design professional that not all 

sealants meeting this specification are suitable for all applications and all substrates. It is 

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essential, therefore, that the applicable type, grade, class and use be specified so that the 

proper classification of sealant is provided for the intended use. Test methods relate to special 

standard specimen substrates of mortar, glass and aluminum. If tests are required using 

substrates in addition to or other than the standard, they should be so specified for testing. 

1. Scope 

1.1 This specification covers the properties of a cured single- or multi-component cold-applied 

elastomeric joint sealant for sealing, caulking or glazing operations on buildings, plazas and 

decks for vehicular or pedestrian use, and types of construction other than highway and airfield 

pavements and bridges. 

1.2 A sealant meeting the requirements of this specification shall be designated by the 

manufacturer to be one or more of the types, classes, grades and uses defined in Section 7. 

1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in the 

parentheses are for informational purposes only. 

1.4 This standard is similar, but not identical, to ISO 11600. 

Referenced Documents 

ASTM Standards 

C510 Test Method for Staining and Color Change of Single- or Multi-component Joint Sealants 

C639 Test Method for Rheological (Flow) Properties of Elastomeric Sealants 

C661 Test Method for Indentation Hardness of Elastomeric-Type Sealants by Means of a 

Durometer 

C679 Test Method for Tack-Free Time of Elastomeric Sealants 

C717 Terminology of Building Seals and Sealants 

C719 Test Method for Adhesion and Cohesion of Elastomeric Joint Sealants Under Cyclic 

Movement (Hockman Cycle) 

C793 Test Method for Effects of Laboratory Accelerated Weathering on Elastomeric Joint 

Sealants 

C794 Test Method for Adhesion-in-Peel of Elastomeric Joint Sealants 

C1183 Test Method for Extrusion Rate of Elastomeric Sealants 

C1193 Guide for Use of Joint Sealants 

C1246 Test Method for Effects of Heat Aging on Weight Loss, Cracking and Chalking of 

Elastomeric Sealants After Cure 

C1247 Test Method for Durability of Sealants Exposed to Continuous Immersion in Liquids 

OSHA 3142-09R, 2003, Lead in Construction 

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APPLICABILITY TO CONSTRUCTION
 

OSHA's lead in construction standard applies to all construction work where an employee may 

be exposed to lead. All work related to construction, alteration or repair, including painting and 

decorating, is included. Under this standard, construction includes, but is not limited to: 

 Demolition or salvage of structures where lead or materials containing lead are present 

 Removal or encapsulation of materials containing lead 

 New construction, alteration, repair or renovation of structures, substrates or portions 

of materials containing lead 

 Installation of products containing lead 

 Lead contamination from emergency cleanup 

 Transportation, disposal, storage or containment of lead or materials containing lead 

where construction activities are performed 

 Maintenance operations associated with these construction activities 

Employer Responsibilities 

WORKER PROTECTIONS 

Employers of construction workers are responsible for developing and implementing a worker 

protection program. At a minimum, the employer's worker protection program for employees 

exposed to lead above the PEL should include all of the following: 

 Hazard determination, including exposure assessment 

 Medical surveillance and provisions for medical removal 

 Job-specific compliance programs 

 Engineering and work practice controls 

 Respiratory protection 

 Protective clothing and equipment 

 Housekeeping 

 Hygiene facilities and practices 

 Signs 

 Employee information and training 

 Recordkeeping 

Because lead is a cumulative and persistent toxic substance and health effects may result from 

exposure over prolonged periods of time, employers must use these precautions where feasible 

to minimize employee exposure to lead. The employer should, as needed, consult a qualified 

safety and health professional to develop and implement an effective, site-specific worker 

protection program. These professionals may work independently or may be associated with an 

insurance carrier, trade organization, or onsite consultation program. 

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ELEMENTS OF A COMPLIANCE PROGRAM
 

For each job where employee exposure exceeds the PEL, the employer must establish and 

implement a written compliance program to reduce employee exposure to the PEL or below. 

The compliance program must provide for frequent and regular inspections of job sites, 

materials and equipment by a competent person. Written programs, which must be reviewed 

and updated at least every six months, must include: 

 A description of each activity in which lead is emitted (such as equipment used, material 

involved, controls in place, crew size, employee job responsibilities, operating 

procedures and maintenance practices) 

 The means to be used to achieve compliance and engineering plans and studies used to 

determine the engineering controls selected where they are required 

 Information on the technology considered to meet the PEL 

 Air monitoring data that documents the source of lead emissions 

 A detailed schedule for implementing the program, including copies of documentation 

(such as purchase orders for equipment and construction contracts 

 A work practice program 

 An administrative control schedule, if applicable 

 Arrangements made among contractors on multi-contractor sites to inform employees 

of potential lead exposure 

Hazard Assessment 

An employer is required to conduct an initial employee exposure assessment of whether 

employees are exposed to lead at or above the AL based on: 

 Any information, observation or calculation that indicates employee exposure to lead 

 Any previous measurements of airborne lead 

 Any employee complaints of symptoms attributable to lead exposure 

Objective data and historical measurements of lead may be used to satisfy the standard's initial 

monitoring requirements. 

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ASTM E1998 - 02(2007) Standard Guide for Assessing Depressurization-Induced 

Backdrafting and Spillage from Vented Combustion Appliances 

1. Scope 

1.1 This guide describes and compares different methods for assessing the potential for, or 

existence of, depressurization-induced backdrafting and spillage from vented residential 

combustion appliances. 

1.2 Assessment of depressurization-induced backdrafting and spillage is conducted under either 

induced depressurization or natural conditions. 

1.3 Residential vented combustion appliances addressed in this guide include hot water heaters 

and furnaces. The guide is also applicable to boilers. 

1.4 The methods given in this guide are applicable to Category I (draft-hood- and induced-fanequipped) furnaces. The guide does not apply to Category III (power-vent-equipped) or 

Category IV (direct-vent) furnaces. 

1.5 The methods in this guide are not intended to identify backdrafting or spillage due to vent 

blockage or heat-exchanger leakage. 

1.6 This guide is not intended to provide a basis for determining compliance with code 

requirements on appliance and venting installation, but does include a visual assessment of the 

installation. This assessment may indicate the need for a thorough inspection by a qualified 

technician. 

1.7 Users of the methods in this guide should be familiar with combustion appliance operation 

and with making house-tightness measurements using a blower door. Some methods described 

in this guide require familiarity with differential-pressure measurements and use of computerbased data-logging equipment. 

This guide does not purport to address all safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is 

the responsibility of the user to establish appropriate safety and health practices, and to 

determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Carbon monoxide (CO) 

exposure or flame roll-out may occur when performing certain procedures given in this guide. 

See Section 1, for precautions that must be taken in conducting such procedures. 

Referenced Documents 

ASTM Standards 

D1356 Terminology Relating to Sampling and Analysis of Atmospheres 

E631 Terminology of Building Constructions 

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E779 Test Method for Determining Air Leakage Rate by Fan Pressurization 

E1827 Test Methods for Determining Airtightness of Buildings Using an Orifice Blower Door 

CGSB Standard 

51.71 The Spillage Test – Method to Determine the Potential for Pressure-Induced Spillage from 

Vented, Fuel-Fired and Space Heating Appliances; Water Heaters, and Fireplaces 

ANSI Standard 

Z21.47 Gas-fired Central Furnace 

NFPA Standard 

54 National Fuel Gas Code 

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OSHA Technical Manual Section VIII: Chapter 2, Section IV 

IV.	 RESPIRATOR PROTECTION PROGRAM. 

A.	 THE STANDARD. Whenever respirators are required to be worn, a written 

respirator protection program must be developed and implemented in 

accordance with OSHA's respirator standard, 29 CFR 1910.134. (Additional 

program requirements may be found in the standards that regulate the hazards 

to which the employee is exposed.) Because workplaces differ substantially, each 

program must be tailored to the specific conditions of the area. The program 

must consist of worksite-specific procedures governing the selection, use and 

care of respirators. The program must be updated as often as necessary to 

reflect changes in workplace conditions and respirator use. 

B.	 THE WORKSITE-SPECIFIC PROCEDURES. They must contain all of the information 

needed to maintain an effective respirator program to meet the user's individual 

requirements. These procedures are a set of step-by-step instructions written so 

that a task (i.e. respirator use, fit-testing procedures, cleaning and storage, etc.) 

can be performed by all personnel in a uniform and consistent way, while 

supplying the maximum protection for workers who use respirators in the 

workplace. The employer must anticipate both the routine and non-routine use 

of respirators, as well as any possible emergency use based on the conditions in 

the workplace in which they are to be used. Worksite-specific procedures must 

be written so as to be useful to those who are directly involved in the respirator 

program: the program administrator, those fitting the respirators and training 

the workers, respirator maintenance workers and the supervisors responsible for 

overseeing respirator use on the job. 

C.	 ADMINISTRATION. In addition, the respirator standard requires that the 

respiratory protection program be administered by one qualified individual to 

ensure that the integrity of the respiratory protection program is maintained 

through the continuous oversight of one responsible person. The program 

administrator must be qualified by appropriate training and/or experience in the 

proper selection, use and maintenance of respirators, be responsible for 

implementing the respiratory protection program, and conduct regular 

evaluations of the program's effectiveness. 

Although responsibility for respirator program oversight rests with the program 

administrator, he or she may delegate responsibilities to other qualified 

individuals. For instance, a large facility may find it practical and economical to 

have a staff of personnel involved in the respirator program, each with his or her 

own area of responsibility. However, each of these individuals must report to the 

administrator who is responsible for the program. This approach promotes 

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coordination of all facets of the program. The administrator should have the full 

support of higher level management; without it, an effective respirator program 

is difficult to initiate and maintain. 

D.	 ELEMENTS. The respiratory protection program must cover the following basic 

elements, as applicable: 

 Procedures for selecting respirators for use in the workplace 

 Medical evaluations of employees required to use respirators 

 Fit testing procedures for tight-fitting respirators 

 Use of respirators in routine and reasonably foreseeable emergency 

situations 

 Procedures and schedules for cleaning, disinfecting, storing, inspecting, 

repairing and otherwise maintaining respirators 

 Procedures to ensure adequate air quality, quantity and flow of breathing 

air for atmosphere-supplying respirators 

 Training of employees in the respiratory hazards to which they are 

potentially exposed 

 Training of employees in the proper use of respirators, including 

implementing and removing them, any limitations on their use and 

maintenance procedures 

 Procedures for regularly evaluating the effectiveness of the program 

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SUMMARY OF STANDARDS REFERENCED:
 

INSULATION
 

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ASTM C 1015 - 06 Standard Practice for Installation of Cellulosic and Mineral 

Fiber Loose-Fill Thermal Insulation 

Significance and Use 

This practice recognizes that effectiveness, safety and durability of insulation depend not only 

on the quality of the insulating materials, but also on its proper installation. 

Improper installation of insulation can reduce thermal effectiveness, cause fire risks and other 

unsafe conditions, and promote deterioration for the structure in which it is installed. Specific 

hazards that can result from improper installation include fires caused by (1) heat build-up in 

recessed lighting fixtures; (2) deterioration or failure of electrical wiring components; (3) heat 

buildup resulting from overcurrent protection devices incorrectly matched to wiring; or (4) 

deterioration in wood structures and paint failure due to moisture accumulation. 

This practice provides general procedures that will help ensure the installation of insulation in a 

safe and effective manner. It must be noted that actual conditions in existing buildings vary 

greatly and in some cases substantial additional care and precaution must be taken to ensure 

effective and safe installation. 

1. Scope 

1.1 This practice covers procedures for the installation of cellulosic and mineral fiber loose-fill 

insulation in ceilings, attics and floor and wall cavities of new or existing housing and other 

framed buildings. 

1.2 This practice applies only to the installation of dry loose-fill thermal insulation consisting of 

cellulosic materials or mineral fiber by pneumatic or pouring application. 

1.3 This practice covers the installation process from pre-installation inspection through postinstallation procedure. It does not cover the production of the insulation materials. 

1.4 This practice is not intended to replace the manufacturer's installation instructions, but shall 

be used in conjunction with such instructions. This practice is not intended to supersede local, 

state or federal codes. 

1.5 This practice assumes that the installer possesses a good working knowledge of the 

applicable codes and regulations, safety practices, tools, equipment and methods necessary for 

the installation of thermal insulation materials. It also assumes that the installer understands 

the fundamentals of residential construction that affect the installation of insulation. 

1.6 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given 

in the parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for informational 

purposes only. 

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This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its 

use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and 

health practices, and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For 

specific precautionary statements, see Section 1. 

Referenced Documents 

ASTM Standards 

C168 Terminology Relating to Thermal Insulation 

C739 Specification for Cellulosic Fiber Loose-Fill Thermal Insulation 

C755 Practice for Selection of Water Vapor Retarders for Thermal Insulation 

C764 Specification for Mineral Fiber Loose-Fill Thermal Insulation 

NFPA Standards 

ICC Document 

Federal Standard 

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ASTM C 1320-05 (09) Standard Practice for Installation of Mineral Fiber Batt and 

Blanket Insulation Thermal Insulation for Light Frame Construction 

Significance and Use 

This practice recognizes that effectiveness, safety and durability of insulation depend not only 

on the quality of the insulating materials but also on its proper installation. 

This practice provides general procedures that will help to ensure installation of insulation in a 

safe and effective manner. It shall be noted that actual conditions in existing buildings vary 

greatly and in some cases additional care shall be taken to ensure effective and safe 

installation. 

1. Scope 

1.1 This practice covers procedures for the installation of mineral fiber batt and blanket thermal 

insulation in ceilings, attics, floors and walls of new or existing housing and other light frame 

construction. 

1.2 This practice covers the installation process from pre-installation inspection through postinstallation inspection. It does not cover the production of the insulation materials. 

1.3 This practice is not intended to replace manufacturers' installation instructions, but it shall 

be used in conjunction with such instructions. This practice is not intended to supersede local, 

state or federal codes. 

1.4 This practice assumes that the installer possesses a working knowledge of applicable codes 

and regulations, safety practices, tools, equipment and methods necessary for the installation 

of thermal insulation materials. It also assumes that the installer understands the fundamentals 

of construction that affect the installation of insulation. 

1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given 

in the parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for informational 

purposes only. 

1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with 

its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and 

health practices, and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 

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IECC Section 303 Materials, Systems and Equipment 

303.1.1.1 Blown or sprayed roof/ceiling insulation. The thickness of blown-in or sprayed 

roof/ceiling insulation (fiberglass or cellulose) shall be written in inches (mm) on markers that 

are installed – at least one for every 300 square feet (28 m2) throughout the attic space. The 

markers shall be affixed to the trusses or joists and marked with the minimum initial installed 

thickness with numbers a minimum of 1 inch (25 mm) in height. Each marker shall face the attic 

access opening. Spray polyurethane foam thickness and installed R-value shall be listed on 

certification provided by the insulation installer 

§ 16CFR460.17 What installers must tell their customers. 

If you are an installer, you must give your customers a contract or receipt for the insulation you 

install. For all insulation except loose-fill and aluminum foil, the receipt must show the coverage 

area, thickness and R-value of the insulation you installed. To figure out the R-value of the 

insulation, use the data that the manufacturer gives you. The receipt must be dated and signed 

by the installer. If you put insulation in more than one part of the house, put the data for each 

part on the receipt. You can do this on one receipt as long as you do not add up the coverage 

areas or R-values for different parts of the house. Do not multiply the R-value for one inch by 

the number of inches you installed. For loose-fill, the receipt must show the coverage area, 

initial installed thickness, minimum settled thickness, R-value and the number of bags used. For 

aluminum foil, the receipt must show the number and thickness of the air spaces, the direction 

of heat flow and the R-value. 

[70 FR 31276, May 31, 2005] 

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ASTM E1186 - 03(2009) Standard Practices for Air Leakage Site Detection in 

Building Envelopes and Air Barrier Systems 

Significance and Use 

Air infiltration into the conditioned space of a building accounts for a significant portion of the 

thermal space condition load. Air infiltration can affect occupant comfort by producing drafts, 

causing indoor air quality problems by carrying outdoor pollutants into occupied building space 

and, in hot humid climates, depositing moisture in the building envelope resulting in 

deterioration of building envelope components. In cold climates, exfiltration of conditioned air 

out of a building can deposit moisture in the building envelope causing deterioration of building 

envelope components. Differential pressure across the building envelope and the presence of 

air leakage sites cause air infiltration and exfiltration (1). 

In some buildings, restricting air movement between interior zones of a building may be desired 

to separate dissimilar interior environments or prevent the movement of pollutants. Although 

not dealt with specifically in this standard, the detection practices presented can also be useful 

in detecting air leaks between interior zones of the building. 

Air leakage sites are often difficult to locate because air flows may be small under the prevailing 

weather conditions. Wind conditions can aid in air leakage detection by forcing air to enter a 

building; however, where air is exiting, the building envelope construction may make 

observations difficult. For these reasons, forced pressurization or depressurization is strongly 

recommended for those practices that require controlled flow direction. 

The techniques for air leakage site detection covered in these practices allow for a wide range 

of flexibility in the choice of techniques that are best suited for detecting various types of air 

leakage sites in specific situations. 

The infrared scanning technique for air leakage site detection has the advantage of rapid 

surveying capability. Entire building exterior surfaces or inside wall surfaces can be covered 

with a single scan or a simple scanning action, provided there are no obscuring thermal effects 

from construction features or incident solar radiation. The details of a specific air leakage site 

may then be probed more closely by focusing on the local area. Local leak detection is well 

addressed with the smoke tracer, anemometer, sound detection, bubble detection and tracer 

gas techniques. However, these techniques are time consuming for large surfaces. The 

pressurized or depressurized test chamber and smoke tracer or a depressurized test chamber 

and leak detection liquid practices can be used in situations where depressurizing or 

pressurizing the entire envelope is impractical, which is the case during construction. Both of 

the practices enable the detection of very small leaks. To perform these practices, the air 

barrier system must be accessible. 

Complexity of building air leakage sites may diminish the ability for detection. For example, 

using the sound detection approach, sound may be absorbed in the tortuous path through the 

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insulation. Air moving through such building leakage paths may lose some of its temperature 

differential and thus make thermographic detection difficult. The absence of jet-like air flow at 

an air leakage site may make detection using the anemometer practice difficult. 

Stack effect in multistory commercial buildings can cause gravity dampers to stand open. 

Computer-controlled dampers should be placed in normal and night modes to aid in 

determining existing building conditions. Sensitive pressure measurement equipment can be 

used for evaluating pressure levels between floors and the exterior. Monitoring systems in 

high-tech buildings can supply qualitative data on pressure differences. 

1. Scope 

1.1 These practices cover standardized techniques for locating air leakage sites in building 

envelopes and air barrier systems. 

1.2 These practices offer a choice of means for determining the location of air leakage sites with 

each offering certain advantages for specific applications. 

1.3 Some of the practices require knowledge of infrared scanning, building and test chamber 

pressurization and depressurization, smoke generation techniques, sound generation and 

detection and tracer gas concentration measurement techniques. 

1.4 The practices described are of a qualitative nature in determining the air leakage sites 

rather than determining quantitative leakage rates. 

1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. No other units of 

measurement are included in this standard. 

1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with 

its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and 

health practices, and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For 

specific hazard statements, see Section 6. 

Referenced Documents 

ASTM Standards 

E631 Terminology of Building Constructions 

E741 Test Method for Determining Air Change in a Single Zone by Means of a Tracer Gas 

Dilution 

E779 Test Method for Determining Air Leakage Rate by Fan Pressurization 

Other Standards 

ISO Standard 6781 Thermal Insulation – Qualitative Detection of Thermal Irregularities in 

Building Envelopes – Infrared Method 

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ASTM E84 - 10 Standard Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics of 

Building Materials 

Significance and Use 

This test method is intended to provide only comparative measurements of surface flame 

spread and smoke density measurements with that of select grade red oak and fiber-cement 

board surfaces under the specific fire exposure conditions described herein. 

This test method exposes a nominal 24 foot (7.32 m) long by 20 inch (508 mm) wide specimen 

to a controlled air flow and flaming fire exposure adjusted to spread the flame along the entire 

length of the select grade red oak specimen in five and a half minutes. 

This test method does not provide for the following: 

Measurement of heat transmission through the tested surface. 

The effect of aggravated flame spread behavior of an assembly resulting from the proximity of 

combustible walls and ceilings. 

Classifying or defining a material as noncombustible, by means of a flame spread index by itself. 

1. Scope 

1.1 This fire-test-response standard for the comparative surface burning behavior of building 

materials is applicable to exposed surfaces such as walls and ceilings. The test is conducted with 

the specimen in the ceiling position with the surface to be evaluated exposed face down to the 

ignition source. The material, product or assembly shall be capable of being mounted in the test 

position during the test. Thus, the specimen shall either be self-supporting by its own structural 

quality, held in place by added supports along the test surface or secured from the back side. 

1.2 The purpose of this test method is to determine the relative burning behavior of the 

material by observing the flame spread along the specimen. Flame spread and smoke 

developed index are reported. However, there is not necessarily a relationship between these 

two measurements. 

1.3 The use of supporting materials on the underside of the test specimen has the ability to 

lower the flame spread index from those which might be obtained if the specimen could be 

tested without such support. These test results do not necessarily relate to indices obtained by 

testing materials without such support. 

1.4 Testing of materials that melt, drip or delaminate to such a degree that the continuity of the 

flame front is destroyed, results in low flame spread indices that do not relate directly to 

indices obtained by testing materials that remain in place. 

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1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given 

in the parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for informational 

purposes only. 

1.6 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory 

information. These notes and footnotes, excluding those in tables and figures, shall not be 

considered as requirements of the standard. 

1.7 This standard is used to measure and describe the response of materials, products or 

assemblies to heat and flame under controlled conditions, but does not by itself incorporate all 

factors required for fire-hazard or fire-risk assessment of the materials, products or assemblies 

under actual fire conditions. 

1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with 

its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and 

health practices, and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 

Referenced Documents 

ASTM Standards 

A390 Specification for Zinc-Coated (Galvanized) Steel Poultry Fence Fabric (Hexagonal and 

Straight Line) 

C1186 Specification for Flat Fiber-Cement Sheets 

D4442 Test Methods for Direct Moisture Content Measurement of Wood and Wood-Base 

Materials 

D4444 Test Method for Laboratory Standardization and Calibration of Hand-Held Moisture 

Meters 

E69 Test Method for Combustible Properties of Treated Wood by the Fire-Tube Apparatus 

E136 Test Method for Behavior of Materials in a Vertical Tube Furnace at 750C 

E162 Test Method for Surface Flammability of Materials Using a Radiant Heat Energy Source 

E176 Terminology of Fire Standards 

E2231 Practice for Specimen Preparation and Mounting of Pipe and Duct Insulation Materials to 

Assess Surface Burning Characteristics 

E2404 Practice for Specimen Preparation and Mounting of Textile, Paper or Polymeric 

(Including Vinyl) Wall or Ceiling Coverings to Assess Surface Burning Characteristics 

E2573 Practice for Specimen Preparation and Mounting of Site-Fabricated Stretch Systems to 

Assess Surface Burning Characteristics 

E2579 Practice for Specimen Preparation and Mounting of Wood Products to Assess Surface 

Burning Characteristics 

E2599 Practice for Specimen Preparation and Mounting of Reflective Insulation Materials and 

Radiant Barrier Materials for Building Applications to Assess Surface Burning Characteristics 

UL Standards 

UL2024 Standard for Safety for Optical Fiber and Communication Cable Raceway (2004) 

NFPA Standards 

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NFPA262 Standard Method of Test for Flame Travel and Smoke of Wires and Cables for Use in 

Air-Handling Spaces (2007) 

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ASTM C755 - 03 Standard Practice for Selection of Water Vapor Retarders for 

Thermal Insulation 

1. Scope 

1.1 This practice outlines factors to be considered, describes design principles and procedures 

for water vapor retarder selection and defines water vapor transmission values appropriate for 

established criteria. It is intended for the guidance of design engineers in preparing vapor 

retarder application specifications for control of water vapor flow through thermal insulation. It 

covers commercial and residential building construction and industrial applications in the 

service temperature range from -40 to +150°F (-40 to +66°C). Emphasis is placed on the control 

of moisture penetration by choice of the most suitable components of the system. 

1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with 

its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and 

health practices, and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 

Referenced Documents 

ASTM Standards 

C168 Terminology Relating to Thermal Insulation 

C647 Guide to Properties and Test Methods of Mastics and Coating Finishes for Thermal 

Insulation 

C921 Specifications for Jackets for Thermal Insulation 

C1136 Specification for Flexible, Low Permeance Vapor Retarders for Thermal Insulation 

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ASTM D4276 - 02(2007) Standard Practice for Confined Area Entry 

Significance and Use 

Vapor inhalation is the primary hazard encountered during the use of chlorinated solvents. The 

greatest potential for overexposure to these solvent vapors occurs where the employee is 

exposed to the high concentrations of vapor that may be found in confined areas. The 

seriousness of this hazard is often underestimated by those performing this type of work. 

This practice is designed for use by employers in developing their own specific standards for 

vessel or confined area entry. 

Many of these areas are considered as permit-required confined spaces as defined by OSHA (29 

CFR 1910.146). The determination of the applicability of these requirements is the 

responsibility of the user. 

This practice represents the minimum requirements for entry into any confined area containing 

halogenated solvents. 

This practice does not address all of the requirements contained in the OSHA confined spaces 

standard. Development and implementation of training programs, recordkeeping and other 

additional requirements of the OSHA standard are the responsibility of the user. 

1. Scope 

1.1 This practice covers recognized procedures necessary to protect the health and safety of 

workers required to enter confined spaces. These procedures are particularly applicable to 

entry into confined areas associated with the use of halogenated organic solvents. 

1.2 Confined areas addressed in this practice include, but are not limited to: vapor degreasers, 

cold cleaning tanks, storage vessels, tank cars and trucks, van trailers, ships or barges, pits or 

sumps and unventilated rooms. 

1.3 This practice does not necessarily address entry into all confined spaces, nor does it address 

the decision strategy involved in requiring such entry. 

1.4 Although this practice describes specific safety steps to be taken for entry into confined 

spaces, it is not intended to preclude the use of any additional measures that may be deemed 

necessary for a particular situation. 

1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with 

its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and 

health practices, and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 

OSHA 3142-09R, 2003, Lead in Construction 

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APPLICABILITY TO CONSTRUCTION
 

OSHA's lead in construction standard applies to all construction work where an employee may 

be exposed to lead. All work related to construction, alteration or repair, including painting and 

decorating, is included. Under this standard, construction includes, but is not limited to: 

1. Demolition or salvage of structures where lead or materials containing lead are present 

2. Removal or encapsulation of materials containing lead 

3.	 New construction, alteration, repair or renovation of structures, substrates or portions of 

materials containing lead 

4. Installation of products containing lead 

5. Lead contamination from emergency cleanup 

6.	 Transportation, disposal, storage or containment of lead or materials containing lead where 

construction activities are performed 

7. Maintenance operations associated with these construction activities 

Employer Responsibilities 

WORKER PROTECTIONS 

Employers of construction workers are responsible for developing and implementing a worker 

protection program. At a minimum, the employer's worker protection program for employees 

exposed to lead above the PEL should include: 

1. Hazard determination, including exposure assessment 

2. Medical surveillance and provisions for medical removal 

3. Job-specific compliance programs 

4. Engineering and work practice controls 

5. Respiratory protection 

6. Protective clothing and equipment 

7. Housekeeping 

8. Hygiene facilities and practices 

9. Signs 

10. Employee information and training 

11. Recordkeeping 

Because lead is a cumulative and persistent toxic substance and health effects may result from 

exposure over prolonged periods of time, employers must use these precautions where feasible 

to minimize employee exposure to lead. The employer should, as needed, consult a qualified 

safety and health professional to develop and implement an effective, site-specific worker 

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protection program. These professionals may work independently or may be associated with an 

insurance carrier, trade organization or onsite consultation program. 

ELEMENTS OF A COMPLIANCE PROGRAM 

For each job where employee exposure exceeds the PEL, the employer must establish and 

implement a written compliance program to reduce employee exposure to the PEL or below. 

The compliance program must provide for frequent and regular inspections of job sites, 

materials and equipment by a competent person. Written programs, which must be reviewed 

and updated at least every six months, must include: 

1.	 A description of each activity in which lead is emitted (i.e. equipment used, material 

involved, controls in place, crew size, employee job responsibilities, operating 

procedures and maintenance practices) 

2.	 The means to be used to achieve compliance and engineering plans and studies used to 

determine the engineering controls selected where they are required 

3. Information on the technology considered to meet the PEL 

4. Air monitoring data that documents the source of lead emissions 

5.	 A detailed schedule for implementing the program, including copies of documentation (i.e. 

purchase orders for equipment and construction contracts) 

6. A work practice program 

7. An administrative control schedule, if applicable 

8.	 Arrangements made among contractors on multi-contractor sites to inform employees of 

potential lead exposure 

Hazard Assessment 

An employer is required to conduct an initial employee exposure assessment of whether 

employees are exposed to lead at or above the AL based on: 

1. Any information, observation or calculation that indicates employee exposure to lead 

2. Any previous measurements of airborne lead 

3. Any employee complaints of symptoms attributable to lead exposure 

Objective data and historical measurements of lead may be used to satisfy the standard's initial 

monitoring requirements. 

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SUMMARY OF STANDARDS REFERENCED:
 

VENTILATION
 

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Standard 62.2-2010 Ventilation and Acceptable Indoor Air Quality in Low-Rise 

Residential Buildings (ANSI/ASHRAE Approved) 

This standard defines the roles and minimum requirements for mechanical and natural 

ventilation systems and the building envelope intended to provide acceptable indoor air quality 

in low-rise residential buildings. It is ASHRAE's IAQ standard for residential buildings. 

The standard applies to spaces intended for human occupancy within single-family houses and 

multi-family structures of three stories or fewer above grade, including manufactured and 

modular houses. This standard does not apply to transient housing such as hotels, motels, 

nursing homes, dormitories and jails. 

Since 2003, extensive experience has been gained in the application of this standard due to its 

adoption by various building codes and use in numerous building programs. As such, many 

clarifications and improvements have been identified and incorporated through the approved 

addenda. One significant addition is the new normative appendix addressing the application of 

the standard to existing buildings. 

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ASTM E1998 - 02(2007) Standard Guide for Assessing Depressurization-Induced 

Backdrafting and Spillage from Vented Combustion Appliances 

1. Scope 

1.1 This guide describes and compares different methods for assessing the potential for, or 

existence of, depressurization-induced backdrafting and spillage from vented residential 

combustion appliances. 

1.2 Assessment of depressurization-induced backdrafting and spillage is conducted under either 

induced depressurization or natural conditions. 

1.3 Residential vented combustion appliances addressed in this guide include hot water heaters 

and furnaces. The guide is also applicable to boilers. 

1.4 The methods given in this guide are applicable to Category I (draft-hood- and induced-fanequipped) furnaces. The guide does not apply to Category III (power-vent-equipped) or 

Category IV (direct-vent) furnaces. 

1.5 The methods in this guide are not intended to identify backdrafting or spillage due to vent 

blockage or heat-exchanger leakage. 

1.6 This guide is not intended to provide a basis for determining compliance with code 

requirements on appliance and venting installation, but does include a visual assessment of the 

installation. This assessment may indicate the need for a thorough inspection by a qualified 

technician. 

1.7 Users of the methods in this guide should be familiar with combustion appliance operation 

and with making house tightness measurements using a blower door. Some methods described 

in this guide require familiarity with differential-pressure measurements and use of computerbased data-logging equipment. 

This guide does not purport to address all safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is 

the responsibility of the user to establish appropriate safety and health practices, and to 

determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Carbon monoxide (CO) 

exposure or flame roll-out may occur when performing certain procedures given in this guide. 

See Section 1, for precautions that must be taken in conducting such procedures. 

Referenced Documents 

ASTM Standards 

D1356 Terminology Relating to Sampling and Analysis of Atmospheres 

E631 Terminology of Building Constructions 

E779 Test Method for Determining Air Leakage Rate by Fan Pressurization 

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E1827 Test Methods for Determining Airtightness of Buildings Using an Orifice Blower Door 

CGSB Standard 

51.71 The Spillage Test – Method to Determine the Potential for Pressure-Induced Spillage from 

Vented, Fuel-Fired; Space Heating Appliances; Water Heaters, and Fireplaces 

ANSI Standard 

Z21.47 Gas-fired Central Furnace 

NFPA Standard 

54 National Fuel Gas Code 

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ASTM C 1320-05 (09) Standard Practice for Installation of Mineral Fiber Batt and 

Blanket Insulation Thermal Insulation for Light Frame Construction 

Significance and Use 

This practice recognizes that effectiveness, safety and durability of insulation depend not only 

on the quality of the insulating materials, but also on proper installation. 

This practice provides general procedures that will help to ensure installation of insulation in a 

safe and effective manner. It shall be noted that actual conditions in existing buildings vary 

greatly and in some cases additional care shall be taken to ensure effective and safe 

installation. 

1. Scope 

1.1 This practice covers procedures for the installation of mineral fiber batt and blanket thermal 

insulation in ceilings, attics, floors and walls of new or existing housing and other light frame 

construction. 

1.2 This practice covers the installation process from pre-installation inspection through postinstallation inspection. It does not cover the production of the insulation materials. 

1.3 This practice is not intended to replace manufacturers' installation instructions, but it shall 

be used in conjunction with such instructions. This practice is not intended to supersede local, 

state or federal codes. 

1.4 This practice assumes that the installer possesses a working knowledge of applicable codes 

and regulations, safety practices, tools, equipment and methods necessary for the installation 

of thermal insulation materials. It also assumes that the installer understands the fundamentals 

of construction that affect the installation of insulation. 

1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given 

in the parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for informational 

purposes only. 

1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with 

its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and 

health practices, and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 

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ASTM C920 - 10 Standard Specification for Elastomeric Joint Sealants 

Abstract 

This specification covers the properties of a cured single- or multi-component cold-applied 

elastomeric joint sealant for sealing, caulking or glazing operations on buildings, plazas and 

decks for vehicular or pedestrian use, and types of construction other than highway and airfield 

pavements and bridges. A sealant qualifying under this specification shall be classified by type, 

grade, class and use as follows: Type S - a single-component sealant, Type M - a multicomponent sealant, Grade P - a pourable or self leveling sealant, Grade NS - a nonsag or 

gunnable sealant, Class 100/50, Class 50, Class 35, Class 25, Class 12.5, Use T, Use NT, Use I, Use 

M, Use G, Use A and Use O. A single-component sealant shall be a uniform mixture of a 

consistency suitable for immediate application by hand, pressure caulking gun or hand tool. A 

multi-component chemically curing sealant shall be furnished in two or more components. A 

single-component and multi-component sealant, when stored in the original unopened 

container at temperatures no greater than 27°C (80°F), shall be capable of meeting the 

requirements for at least six months after the delivery date. Grade P (pourable or self leveling) 

sealant shall have the required flow characteristics; it shall exhibit a smooth, level surface. 

Grade NS or gunnable sealant shall have the required flow characteristics when tested in 

vertical displacement. Type S, Grade P and Grade NS sealant shall not be less than the given 

extrusion rate when tested. Type M and Grade P sealant, when tested, shall be not less than 

the given extrudable rate 3 h after mixing. Use T (traffic) sealant shall have a hardness reading, 

after being properly cured, of no less than 25 or no more than 50 when tested. Use NT 

(nontraffic) sealant shall have a hardness reading, after being properly cured, of no less than 15 

or no more than 50 when tested. The sealant shall not lose more than 7% of its original weight 

or show any cracking or chalking when tested. There shall be no transfer of the sealant to the 

polyethylene film when tested at 72 h. The sealant shall not cause any visible stain on the top 

surface of a white cement mortar base when tested. The adhesion and cohesion after cyclic 

movement shall be tested to meet the requirements prescribed. The adhesion-in-peel test shall 

be performed to meet the requirements prescribed. The adhesion-in-peel after ultraviolet 

exposure through glass shall be determined to meet the requirements prescribed. The 

accelerated weathering effects and sealants exposed to continuous immersion shall be 

determined to meet the requirements prescribed. 

This abstract is a brief summary of the referenced standard. It is for informational purposes only 

and not an official part of the standard; the full text of the standard itself must be referred to for 

its use and application. ASTM neither gives any warranty, expressed or implied, nor makes any 

representation that the contents of this abstract are accurate, complete or timely. 

Significance and Use 

This specification covers several classifications of sealants as described in Section 4 for various 

applications. It should be recognized by the purchaser or design professional that not all 

sealants meeting this specification are suitable for all applications and all substrates. It is 

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essential, therefore, that the applicable type, grade, class and use be specified so that the 

proper classification of sealant is provided for the intended use. Test methods relate to special 

standard specimen substrates of mortar, glass and aluminum. If tests are required using 

substrates in addition to or other than the standard, they should be so specified for testing. 

1. Scope 

1.1 This specification covers the properties of a cured single or multi-component cold-applied 

elastomeric joint sealant for sealing, caulking or glazing operations on buildings, plazas and 

decks for vehicular or pedestrian use, and types of construction other than highway and airfield 

pavements and bridges. 

1.2 A sealant meeting the requirements of this specification shall be designated by the 

manufacturer to be one or more of the types, classes, grades and uses defined in Section 7. 

1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in the 

parentheses are for informational purposes only. 

1.4 This standard is similar, but not identical, to ISO 11600. 

Referenced Documents 

ASTM Standards 

C510 Test Method for Staining and Color Change of Single- or Multi-component Joint Sealants 

C639 Test Method for Rheological (Flow) Properties of Elastomeric Sealants 

C661 Test Method for Indentation Hardness of Elastomeric-Type Sealants by Means of a 

Durometer 

C679 Test Method for Tack-Free Time of Elastomeric Sealants 

C717 Terminology of Building Seals and Sealants 

C719 Test Method for Adhesion and Cohesion of Elastomeric Joint Sealants Under Cyclic 

Movement (Hockman Cycle) 

C793 Test Method for Effects of Laboratory Accelerated Weathering on Elastomeric Joint 

Sealants 

C794 Test Method for Adhesion-in-Peel of Elastomeric Joint Sealants 

C1183 Test Method for Extrusion Rate of Elastomeric Sealants 

C1193 Guide for Use of Joint Sealants 

C1246 Test Method for Effects of Heat Aging on Weight Loss, Cracking and Chalking of 

Elastomeric Sealants After Cure 

C1247 Test Method for Durability of Sealants Exposed to Continuous Immersion in Liquids 

OSHA 3142-09R, 2003, Lead in Construction 

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APPLICABILITY TO CONSTRUCTION
 

OSHA's lead in construction standard applies to all construction work where an employee may 

be exposed to lead. All work related to construction, alteration or repair, including painting and 

decorating, is included. Under this standard, construction includes, but is not limited to: 

 Demolition or salvage of structures where lead or materials containing lead are present 

 Removal or encapsulation of materials containing lead 

 New construction, alteration, repair or renovation of structures, substrates or portions 

of materials containing lead 

 Installation of products containing lead 

 Lead contamination from emergency cleanup 

 Transportation, disposal, storage or containment of lead or materials containing lead 

where construction activities are performed 

 Maintenance operations associated with these construction activities 

Employer Responsibilities 

WORKER PROTECTIONS 

Employers of construction workers are responsible for developing and implementing a worker 

protection program. At minimum, the employer's worker protection program for employees 

exposed to lead above the PEL should include: 

 Hazard determination, including exposure assessment 

 Medical surveillance and provisions for medical removal 

 Job-specific compliance programs 

 Engineering and work practice controls 

 Respiratory protection 

 Protective clothing and equipment 

 Housekeeping 

 Hygiene facilities and practices 

 Signs 

 Employee information and training 

 Recordkeeping 

Because lead is a cumulative and persistent toxic substance and health effects may result from 

exposure over prolonged periods, employers must use these precautions when feasible to 

minimize employee exposure to lead. The employer should, as needed, consult a qualified 

safety and health professional to develop and implement an effective, site-specific worker 

protection program. These professionals may work independently or may be associated with an 

insurance carrier, trade organization or onsite consultation program. 

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ELEMENTS OF A COMPLIANCE PROGRAM
 

For each job where employee exposure exceeds the PEL, the employer must establish and 

implement a written compliance program to reduce employee exposure to the PEL or below. 

The compliance program must provide for frequent and regular inspections of job sites, 

materials and equipment by a competent person. Written programs, which must be reviewed 

and updated at least every six months, must include: 

 A description of each activity in which lead is emitted (i.e. as equipment used, material 

involved, controls in place, crew size, employee job responsibilities, operating 

procedures and maintenance practices) 

 The means to be used to achieve compliance and engineering plans and studies used to 

determine the engineering controls selected where they are required 

 Information on the technology considered to meet the PEL 

 Air monitoring data that documents the source of lead emissions 

 A detailed schedule for implementing the program, including copies of documentation 

(i.e. purchase orders for equipment and construction contracts) 

 A work practice program 

 An administrative control schedule, if applicable 

 Arrangements made among contractors on multi-contractor sites to inform employees 

of potential lead exposure 

Hazard Assessment 

An employer is required to conduct an initial employee exposure assessment of whether 

employees are exposed to lead at or above the AL based on: 

 Any information, observation or calculation that indicates employee exposure to lead 

 Any previous measurements of airborne lead 

 Any employee complaints of symptoms attributable to lead exposure 

Objective data and historical measurements of lead may be used to satisfy the standard's initial 

monitoring requirements. 

NAHB-OSHA Jobsite Safety Handbook, Second Edition: Electrical 

 Prohibit work on new and existing energized (hot) electrical circuits until all power is 

shut off and a positive Lockout/Tagout System is in place 

 Don't use frayed or worn electrical cords or cables 

 Use only three-wire type extension cords designed for hard or junior hard service (look 

for any of the following letters imprinted on the casing: S, ST, SO, STO, SJ, SJT, SJO, SJTO) 

 Maintain all electrical tools and equipment in safe condition and check regularly for 

defects 

 Remove broken or damaged tools and equipment from the jobsite 

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 Protect all temporary power (including extension cords) with ground fault circuit 

interrupters (GFCIs). Plug into a GFCI-protected temporary power pole, a GFCI protected 

generator or use a GFCI extension cord to protect against shocks (figure 22) 

 Don't bypass any protective system or device designed to protect employees from 

contact with electrical currents 

 Locate and identify overhead electrical power lines. Make sure that ladders, scaffolds, 

equipment or materials never come within 10 feet of electrical power lines 

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SUMMARY OF STANDARDS REFERENCED:
 

HEATING AND COOLING
 

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Standard 90.2-2007 Energy Efficient Design of Low-Rise Residential Buildings 

(ANSI/ASHRAE Approved) 

1. Scope 

2.1 This standard provides minimum energy efficiency requirements for the design and 

construction of: 

a) New residential dwelling units and their systems and 

b) Where explicitly specified, 

1. New portions of residential dwelling units and 

2. Their systems and new systems, and equipment in existing dwelling units 

For the purposes of this standard, "residential dwelling units" include single-family houses, 

multi-family structures (of three stories or fewer above grade) and modular houses. This 

standard does not include "transient" housing such as hotels, motels, nursing homes, jails and 

barracks, or manufactured housing. 

2.2 This standard applies to the building envelope, heating equipment and systems, airconditioning equipment and systems, domestic water-heating equipment and systems and 

provisions for overall building design alternatives and trade-offs. 

2.3 This standard does not apply to: 

• Specific procedures for the operation, maintenance and use of residential buildings 

• Portable products such as appliances and heaters 

• Residential electric service or lighting requirements 

2.4 This standard shall not be used to abridge any safety, health, or environmental 

requirements. 

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SMACNA HVAC Duct Construction Standard Third Addition 2005 

The third edition of the HVAC Duct Construction Standards – Metal and Flexible is intended 

primarily for commercial and institutional duct construction. This American National Standard 

(ANSI/SMACNA 006-2006) contains tables and details for constructing ductwork for 1⁄2" to 10" 

wg positive and negative pressures. This edition improves upon the second edition with 

expanded pressure class tables, separate tables for TDC/TDF construction and expanded tables 

for round duct construction including 6" wg positive and negative pressure and sizes up to 96”. 

New in this edition is an engineering and design chapter to provide additional information to 

design professionals, double-wall construction details, new casing construction details and 

additional accessory items. The standard is applicable for construction using uncoated steel, 

galvanized and stainless steels, and a limited range of aluminum ducts. This standard has been 

adopted in the ICC International Mechanical Code (includes soft metrics, 390 pages, 3rd Edition, 

2005). 

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NFPA 31: Standard for the Installation of Oil-Burning Equipment 

1.1 Scope 

1.1.1 This standard shall apply to the installation of stationary oil-burning equipment 

and appliances, including but not limited to industrial-, commercial-, and 

residential-type steam, hot water or warm air heating plants; domestic-type range 

burners and space heaters; and portable oil-burning equipment. 

1.1.2 This standard shall apply to all accessory equipment and control systems, whether 

electric, thermostatic or mechanical, and all electrical wiring connected to oil-fired 

equipment. 

1.1.3 This standard shall apply to the installation of oil storage and supply systems 

connected to oil-fired equipment and appliances. 

1.1.4 This standard shall apply to multi-fueled appliances in which fuel oil is one of the 

optional fuels. 

1.1.5* This standard shall not apply to internal combustion engines, oil lamps or 

portable devices not specifically covered in this standard. (See Chapter 11 for 

portable devices that are covered in this standard). 

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OSH Act of 1970 

SEC. 5. Duties 

(a) Each employer: 

(1) Shall furnish to each of his employees employment and a place of employment 

which are free from recognized hazards that are causing or are likely to cause death or 

serious physical harm. 

(2) Shall comply with occupational safety and health standards promulgated under this 

Act. 

(b) Each employee shall comply with occupational safety and health standards and all rules, 

regulations and orders issued pursuant to this Act which are applicable to his own actions 

and conduct. 

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40 CFR 82.154 Title 40: Protection of Environment Part 82—Protection of 

Stratospheric Ozone 

82.154 Prohibitions. 

(a)(1) Effective June 13, 2005, no person maintaining, servicing, repairing or disposing of 

appliances may knowingly vent or otherwise release into the environment any refrigerant 

or substitute from such appliances, with the exception of the following substitutes in the 

following end-uses: 

(i) Ammonia in commercial or industrial process refrigeration or in absorption units 

(ii) Hydrocarbons in industrial process refrigeration (processing of hydrocarbons) 

(iii) Chlorine in industrial process refrigeration (processing of chlorine and chlorine 

compounds) 

(iv) Carbon dioxide in any application 

(v) Nitrogen in any application 

(vi) Water in any application 

(2) The knowing release of a refrigerant or non-exempt substitute subsequent to its recovery 

from an appliance shall be considered a violation of this prohibition. De minimis releases 

associated with good faith attempts to recycle or recover refrigerants or non-exempt 

substitutes are not subject to this prohibition. Refrigerant releases shall be considered de 

minimis only if they occur when: 

(i) The required practices set forth in §82.156 are observed, recovery or recycling 

machines that meet the requirements set forth in §82.158 are used, and the technician 

certification provisions set forth in §82.161 are observed; or 

(ii) The requirements set forth in subpart B of this part are observed. 

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NFPA 90B: Standard for the Installation of Warm Air Heating and Air 

Conditioning Systems 

This standard provides the most up-to-date guidelines to keep fire and smoke from spreading 

through indoor environmental systems in small buildings and 1- and 2-family dwellings. Rules 

cover construction, installation, operation and maintenance of systems for warm air heating 

and air conditioning, including filters, ducts and related equipment to protect life and property 

from fire, smoke and gases resulting from fire or conditions having manifestations similar to 

fire. 

Contents 

Chapter 1: Administration
 

Chapter 2: Referenced Publications
 

Chapter 3: Definitions
 

Chapter 4: System Components
 

Chapter 5: Fire Integrity of Building Construction
 

Chapter 6: Equipment, Wiring and Controls
 

Annex A: Explanatory Material
 

Annex B: Informational References
 

Index
 

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40 CFR 271.13 Title 40: Protection of Environment Part 273—Standards for 

Universal Waste Management 

Subpart B—Standards for Small Quantity Handlers of Universal Waste 

273.13 Waste management 

(c) Mercury-containing equipment. A small quantity handler of universal waste must manage 

universal waste mercury-containing equipment in a way that prevents releases of any universal 

waste or component of a universal waste to the environment: 

(1) A small quantity handler of universal waste must place in a container any universal waste 

mercury-containing equipment with non-contained elemental mercury or that shows evidence 

of leakage, spillage or damage that could cause leakage under reasonably foreseeable 

conditions. The container must be closed, structurally sound, compatible with the contents of 

the device, must lack evidence of leakage, spillage or damage that could cause leakage under 

reasonably foreseeable conditions, and must be reasonably designed to prevent the escape of 

mercury into the environment by volatilization or any other means. 

(2) A small quantity handler of universal waste may remove mercury-containing ampules from 

universal waste mercury-containing equipment provided the handler: 

(i) Removes and manages the ampules in a manner designed to prevent breakage of the 

ampules 

(ii) Removes the ampules only over or in a containment device (i.e. tray or pan sufficient to 

collect and contain any mercury released from an ampule in case of breakage) 

(iii) Ensures that a mercury clean-up system is readily available to immediately transfer any 

mercury resulting from spills or leaks from broken ampules from the containment device to 

a container that meets the requirements of 40 CFR 262.34 

(iv) Immediately transfers any mercury resulting from spills or leaks from broken ampules 

from the containment device to a container that meets the requirements of 40 CFR 262.34 

(v) Ensures that the area in which ampules are removed is well ventilated and monitored to 

ensure compliance with applicable OSHA exposure levels for mercury 

(vi) Ensures that employees removing ampules are thoroughly familiar with proper mercury 

handling and emergency procedures, including transfer of mercury from containment 

devices to appropriate containers 

(vii) Stores removed ampules in closed, non-leaking containers that are in good condition 

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(viii) Packs removed ampules in the container with packing materials adequate to prevent 

breakage during storage, handling and transportation 

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OSHA 3142-09R, 2003, Lead in Construction 

APPLICABILITY TO CONSTRUCTION 

OSHA's lead in construction standard applies to all construction work where an employee may 

be exposed to lead. All work related to construction, alteration or repair, including painting and 

decorating, is included. Under this standard, construction includes, but is not limited to: 

 Demolition or salvage of structures where lead or materials containing lead are present 

 Removal or encapsulation of materials containing lead 

 New construction, alteration, repair or renovation of structures, substrates or portions 

of materials containing lead 

 Installation of products containing lead 

 Lead contamination from emergency cleanup 

 Transportation, disposal, storage or containment of lead or materials containing lead 

where construction activities are performed 

 Maintenance operations associated with these construction activities 

Employer Responsibilities 

WORKER PROTECTIONS 

Employers of construction workers are responsible for developing and implementing a worker 

protection program. At minimum, the employer's worker protection program for employees 

exposed to lead above the PEL should include: 

 Hazard determination, including exposure assessment 

 Medical surveillance and provisions for medical removal 

 Job-specific compliance programs 

 Engineering and work practice controls 

 Respiratory protection 

 Protective clothing and equipment 

 Housekeeping 

 Hygiene facilities and practices 

 Signs 

 Employee information and training 

 Recordkeeping 

Because lead is a cumulative and persistent toxic substance and health effects may result from 

exposure over prolonged periods, employers must use these precautions when feasible to 

minimize employee exposure to lead. The employer should, as needed, consult a qualified 

safety and health professional to develop and implement an effective, site-specific worker 

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protection program. These professionals may work independently or may be associated with an 

insurance carrier, trade organization or onsite consultation program. 

ELEMENTS OF A COMPLIANCE PROGRAM 

For each job where employee exposure exceeds the PEL, the employer must establish and 

implement a written compliance program to reduce employee exposure to the PEL or below. 

The compliance program must provide for frequent and regular inspections of job sites, 

materials and equipment by a competent person. Written programs, which must be reviewed 

and updated at least every six months, must include: 

 A description of each activity in which lead is emitted (i.e. equipment used, material 

involved, controls in place, crew size, employee job responsibilities, operating 

procedures and maintenance practices) 

 The means to be used to achieve compliance and engineering plans and studies used to 

determine the engineering controls selected where they are required 

 Information on the technology considered to meet the PEL 

 Air monitoring data that documents the source of lead emissions 

 A detailed schedule for implementing the program, including copies of documentation 

(i.e. purchase orders for equipment and construction contracts) 

 A work practice program 

 An administrative control schedule, if applicable 

 Arrangements made among contractors on multi-contractor sites to inform employees 

of potential lead exposure 

Hazard Assessment 

An employer is required to conduct an initial employee exposure assessment of whether 

employees are exposed to lead at or above the AL based on: 

 Any information, observation or calculation that indicates employee exposure to lead 

 Any previous measurements of airborne lead 

 Any employee complaints of symptoms attributable to lead exposure 

Objective data and historical measurements of lead may be used to satisfy the standard's initial 

monitoring requirements. 

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ASTM C1193 - 09 Standard Guide for Use of Joint Sealants 

Significance and Use 

This guide provides information and guidelines for consideration by the designer or applicator 

of a joint seal. It explains the properties and functions of various materials, such as sealant, 

sealant backing and primer, among others; and, procedures such as substrate cleaning and 

priming, and installation of the components of a sealed joint. It presents guidelines for the use 

and application of the various materials, design of a sealant joint for a specific application, and 

environmental conditions and effects that are known to detrimentally affect a sealant joint. The 

information and guidelines are also useful for those who supply accessories to the sealant 

industry and for those who install sealants and accessory materials associated with sealant use. 

In addition to the design and installation data in this guide, consult the sealant manufacturer 

about applications for products and proper use and installation. Considering the range of 

properties of commercially available sealants, the variety of joint designs possible and the many 

conditions of use, the information contained herein is general in nature. 

To assist the user of the guide in locating specific information, a detailed listing of guide 

numbered sections and their descriptors are included in Appendix X2. 

1. Scope 

1.1 This guide describes the use of a cold liquid-applied sealant for joint sealing applications, 

including joints on buildings and related adjacent areas such as plazas, decks and pavements for 

vehicular or pedestrian use, and types of construction other than highways and airfield 

pavements and bridges. Information in this guide is primarily applicable to a single- and multicomponent, cold liquid-applied joint sealant and secondarily to a procured sealant when used 

with a properly prepared joint opening and substrate surfaces. 

1.2 An elastomeric or non-elastomeric sealant described in this guide should meet the 

requirements of Specification C 834, C 920 or C 1311. 

1.3 This guide does not provide information or guidelines for the use of a sealant in a structural 

sealant glazing application. Guide C 1401 should be consulted for this information. Additionally, 

it also does not provide information or guidelines for the use of a sealant in an insulating glass 

unit edge seal used in a structural sealant glazing application. Guide C 1249 should be consulted 

for this information. 

1.4 Practice C 919 should be consulted for information and guidelines for the use of a sealant in 

an application where an acoustic joint seal is required. 

1.5 This guide also does not provide information relative to the numerous types of sealant that 

are available, nor specific generic sealant properties such as hardness, tack-free time or curing 

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process, among others. Guide C 1299 should be consulted for information on generally 

accepted comparative values for the characteristics and properties of the more common 

generic types of liquid-applied sealant. 

1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in the 

parenthesis are provided for informational purposes only. 

1.7 The committee with jurisdiction for this standard is not aware of any comparable standards 

published by other organizations. 

1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with 

its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and 

health practices, and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 

Referenced Documents 

ASTM Standards 

C510 Test Method for Staining and Color Change of Single- or Multicomponent Joint Sealants 

C717 Terminology of Building Seals and Sealants 

C719 Test Method for Adhesion and Cohesion of Elastomeric Joint Sealants Under Cyclic 

Movement (Hockman Cycle) 

C792 Test Method for Effects of Heat Aging on Weight Loss, Cracking and Chalking of 

Elastomeric Sealants 

C794 Test Method for Adhesion-in-Peel of Elastomeric Joint Sealants 

C834 Specification for Latex Sealants 

C919 Practice for Use of Sealants in Acoustical Applications 

C920 Specification for Elastomeric Joint Sealants 

C1083 Test Method for Water Absorption of Cellular Elastomeric Gaskets and Sealing Materials 

C1087 Test Method for Determining Compatibility of Liquid-Applied Sealants with Accessories 

Used in Structural Glazing Systems 

C1135 Test Method for Determining Tensile Adhesion Properties of Structural Sealants 

C1247 Test Method for Durability of Sealants Exposed to Continuous Immersion in Liquids 

C1248 Test Method for Staining of Porous Substrate by Joint Sealants 

C1249 Guide for Secondary Seal for Sealed Insulating Glass Units for Structural Sealant Glazing 

Applications 

C1253 Test Method for Determining the Outgassing Potential of Sealant Backing 

C1299 Guide for Use in Selection of Liquid-Applied Sealants 

C1311 Specification for Solvent Release Sealants 

C1330 Specification for Cylindrical Sealant Backing for Use with Cold Liquid-Applied Sealants 

C1382 Test Method for Determining Tensile Adhesion Properties of Sealants When Used in 

Exterior Insulation and Finish Systems (EIFS) Joints 

C1401 Guide for Structural Sealant Glazing 

C1442 Practice for Conducting Tests on Sealants Using Artificial Weathering Apparatus 

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C1472 Guide for Calculating Movement and Other Effects When Establishing Sealant Joint 

Width 

D2203 Test Method for Staining from Sealants 

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NFPA 70A: National Electrical Code® Requirements for One-and Two-Family 

Dwellings 

Scope 

(A) This Code covers the installation of electrical conductors, equipment and raceways;
 

signaling and communications conductors, equipment and raceways; and optical fiber 

cables and raceways for the following:
 

(1) Public and private premises, including buildings, structures, mobile homes, recreational 

vehicles and floating buildings 

(2) Yards, lots, parking lots, carnivals and industrial substations 

(3) Installations of conductors and equipment that connect to the supply of electricity 

(4) Installations used by the electric utility, such as office buildings, warehouses, garages, 

machine shops and recreational buildings, that are not an integral part of a generating 

plant, substation or control center 

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Standard 62.2-2010 Ventilation and Acceptable Indoor Air Quality in Low-Rise 

Residential Buildings (ANSI/ASHRAE Approved) 

This standard defines the roles and minimum requirements for mechanical and natural 

ventilation systems and the building envelope intended to provide acceptable indoor air quality 

in low-rise residential buildings. It is ASHRAE's IAQ standard for residential buildings. 

It applies to spaces intended for human occupancy within single-family houses and multi-family 

structures of three stories or fewer above grade, including manufactured and modular houses. 

This standard does not apply to transient housing such as hotels, motels, nursing homes, 

dormitories and jails. 

Since 2003, extensive experience has been gained in the application of this standard due to its 

adoption by various building codes and use in numerous building programs. As such, many 

clarifications and improvements have been identified and incorporated through the approved 

addenda. One significant addition is the new normative appendix addressing the application of 

the standard to existing buildings. 

http://openpub.realread.com/rrserver/browser?title=/ASHRAE_1/ashrae_62_2_2007_1280 

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ASTM E1998 - 02(2007) Standard Guide for Assessing Depressurization-Induced 

Backdrafting and Spillage from Vented Combustion Appliances 

1. Scope 

1.1 This guide describes and compares different methods for assessing the potential for, or 

existence of, depressurization-induced backdrafting and spillage from vented residential 

combustion appliances. 

1.2 Assessment of depressurization-induced backdrafting and spillage is conducted under either 

induced depressurization or natural conditions. 

1.3 Residential vented combustion appliances addressed in this guide include hot water heaters 

and furnaces. The guide also is applicable to boilers. 

1.4 The methods given in this guide are applicable to Category I (draft-hood- and induced-fanequipped) furnaces. The guide does not apply to Category III (power-vent-equipped) or 

Category IV (direct-vent) furnaces. 

1.5 The methods in this guide are not intended to identify backdrafting or spillage due to vent 

blockage or heat-exchanger leakage. 

1.6 This guide is not intended to provide a basis for determining compliance with code 

requirements on appliance and venting installation, but does include a visual assessment of the 

installation. This assessment may indicate the need for a thorough inspection by a qualified 

technician. 

1.7 Users of the methods in this guide should be familiar with combustion appliance operation 

and with making house tightness measurements using a blower door. Some methods described 

in this guide require familiarity with differential-pressure measurements and use of computerbased data-logging equipment. 

This guide does not purport to address all safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is 

the responsibility of the user to establish appropriate safety and health practices, and to 

determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Carbon monoxide (CO) 

exposure or flame roll-out may occur when performing certain procedures given in this guide. 

See Section 1 for precautions that must be taken when conducting such procedures. 

Referenced Documents 

ASTM Standards 

D1356 Terminology Relating to Sampling and Analysis of Atmospheres 

E631 Terminology of Building Constructions 

E779 Test Method for Determining Air Leakage Rate by Fan Pressurization 

E1827 Test Methods for Determining Airtightness of Buildings Using an Orifice Blower Door 

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CGSB Standard 

51.71 The Spillage Test – Method to Determine the Potential for Pressure-Induced Spillage from 

Vented, Fuel-Fired; Space Heating Appliances; Water Heaters, and Fireplaces 

ANSI Standard 

Z21.47 Gas-fired Central Furnace 

NFPA Standard 

54 National Fuel Gas Code 

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NFPA 720 Standard for the Installation of Carbon Monoxide (CO) Detection and 

Warning Equipment 

The 2009 NFPA 720's broader scope alerts people to dangerous carbon monoxide levels in all 

types of structures. 

The completely revised 2009 NFPA 720 Standard for the Installation of Carbon Monoxide (CO) 

Detection and Warning Equipment expands requirements beyond dwelling units to apply to all 

buildings and structures, including hotels, rooming houses, dormitories, day care facilities, 

schools, hospitals, assisted living facilities and nursing homes. Provisions cover the installation, 

location, performance, inspection, testing and maintenance of carbon monoxide detection and 

warning equipment. 

Updated rules for dwelling units include new requirements for: 

•	 Locating carbon monoxide alarms/detectors on every level (in addition to outside 

sleeping areas) 

•	 Battery backup for electrically powered units in new homes 

•	 Interconnection of CO alarms in new homes to assure early warning of occupants at all 

levels 

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SUMMARY OF STANDARDS REFERENCED:
 

CRAWL SPACES AND BASEMENTS
 

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ASTM C1193 - 09 Standard Guide for Use of Joint Sealants 

Significance and Use 

This guide provides information and guidelines for consideration by the designer or applicator 

of a joint seal. It explains the properties and functions of various materials such as sealant, 

sealant backing and primer, among others; and, procedures such as substrate cleaning and 

priming, and installation of the components of a sealed joint. It presents guidelines for the use 

and application of the various materials, design of a sealant joint for a specific application and 

environmental conditions and effects that are known to detrimentally affect a sealant joint. The 

information and guidelines are also useful for those who supply accessories to the sealant 

industry and for those who install sealants and accessory materials associated with sealant use. 

In addition to the design and installation data in this guide, consult the sealant manufacturer 

about applications for products and proper use and installation. Considering the range of 

properties of commercially available sealants, the variety of joint designs possible and the many 

conditions of use, the information contained herein is general in nature. 

To assist the user of the guide in locating specific information, a detailed listing of guide 

numbered sections and their descriptors is included in Appendix X2. 

1. Scope 

1.1 This guide describes the use of a cold liquid-applied sealant for joint sealing applications, 

including joints on buildings and related adjacent areas such as plazas, decks and pavements for 

vehicular or pedestrian use, and types of construction other than highways and airfield 

pavements and bridges. Information in this guide is primarily applicable to a single- and multicomponent, cold liquid-applied joint sealant and secondarily to a procured sealant when used 

with a properly prepared joint opening and substrate surfaces. 

1.2 An elastomeric or non-elastomeric sealant described by this guide should meet the 

requirements of Specification C 834, C 920 or C 1311. 

1.3 This guide does not provide information or guidelines for the use of a sealant in a structural 

sealant glazing application. Guide C 1401 should be consulted for this information. Additionally, 

it also does not provide information or guidelines for the use of a sealant in an insulating glass 

unit edge seal used in a structural sealant glazing application. Guide C 1249 should be consulted 

for this information. 

1.4 Practice C 919 should be consulted for information and guidelines for the use of a sealant in 

an application when an acoustic joint seal is required. 

1.5 This guide also does not provide information relative to the numerous types of sealant that 

are available, nor specific generic sealant properties such as hardness, tack-free time or curing 

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process, among others. Guide C 1299 should be consulted for information on generally 

accepted comparative values for the characteristics and properties of the more common 

generic types of liquid-applied sealant. 

1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in the 

parentheses are provided for informational purposes only. 

1.7 The committee with jurisdiction for this standard is not aware of any comparable standards 

published by other organizations. 

1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with 

its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and 

health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 

Referenced Documents 

ASTM Standards 

C510 Test Method for Staining and Color Change of Single- or Multi-component Joint Sealants 

C717 Terminology of Building Seals and Sealants 

C719 Test Method for Adhesion and Cohesion of Elastomeric Joint Sealants Under Cyclic 

Movement (Hockman Cycle) 

C792 Test Method for Effects of Heat Aging on Weight Loss, Cracking and Chalking of 

Elastomeric Sealants 

C794 Test Method for Adhesion-in-Peel of Elastomeric Joint Sealants 

C834 Specification for Latex Sealants 

C919 Practice for Use of Sealants in Acoustical Applications 

C920 Specification for Elastomeric Joint Sealants 

C1083 Test Method for Water Absorption of Cellular Elastomeric Gaskets and Sealing Materials 

C1087 Test Method for Determining Compatibility of Liquid-Applied Sealants with Accessories 

Used in Structural Glazing Systems 

C1135 Test Method for Determining Tensile Adhesion Properties of Structural Sealants 

C1247 Test Method for Durability of Sealants Exposed to Continuous Immersion in Liquids 

C1248 Test Method for Staining of Porous Substrate by Joint Sealants 

C1249 Guide for Secondary Seal for Sealed Insulating Glass Units for Structural Sealant Glazing 

Applications 

C1253 Test Method for Determining the Outgassing Potential of Sealant Backing 

C1299 Guide for Use in Selection of Liquid-Applied Sealants 

C1311 Specification for Solvent Release Sealants 

C1330 Specification for Cylindrical Sealant Backing for Use with Cold Liquid-Applied Sealants 

C1382 Test Method for Determining Tensile Adhesion Properties of Sealants When Used in 

Exterior Insulation and Finish Systems (EIFS) Joints 

C1401 Guide for Structural Sealant Glazing 

C1442 Practice for Conducting Tests on Sealants Using Artificial Weathering Apparatus 

C1472 Guide for Calculating Movement and Other Effects When Establishing Sealant Joint 

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Width 

D2203 Test Method for Staining from Sealants 

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ASTM E1186 - 03(2009) Standard Practices for Air Leakage Site Detection in 

Building Envelopes and Air Barrier Systems 

Significance and Use 

Air infiltration into the conditioned space of a building accounts for a significant portion of the 

thermal space condition load. Air infiltration can affect occupant comfort by producing drafts, 

causing indoor air quality problems by carrying outdoor pollutants into occupied building space 

and, in hot humid climates, depositing moisture in the building envelope, which deteriorates 

envelope components. In cold climates, exfiltration of conditioned air out of a building can 

deposit moisture in the building envelope causing deterioration of building envelope 

components. Differential pressure across the building envelope and the presence of air leakage 

sites cause air infiltration and exfiltration (1). 

In some buildings, restricting air movement between interior zones of a building may be desired 

to separate dissimilar interior environments or prevent the movement of pollutants. Although 

not dealt with specifically in this standard, the detection practices presented can also be useful 

in detecting air leaks between interior zones of the building. 

Air leakage sites are often difficult to locate because air flows may be small under the prevailing 

weather conditions. Wind conditions can aid in air leakage detection by forcing air to enter a 

building; however, where air is exiting, the building envelope construction may make 

observations difficult. For these reasons, forced pressurization or depressurization is strongly 

recommended for those practices which require controlled flow direction. 

The techniques for air leakage site detection covered in these practices allow for a wide range 

of flexibility in the choice of techniques that are best suited for detecting various types of air 

leakage sites in specific situations. 

The infrared scanning technique for air leakage site detection has the advantage of rapid 

surveying capability. Entire building exterior surfaces or inside wall surfaces can be covered 

with a single scan or a simple scanning action, provided there are no obscuring thermal effects 

from construction features or incident solar radiation. The details of a specific air leakage site 

may then be probed more closely by focusing on the local area. Local leak detection is well 

addressed with the smoke tracer, anemometer, sound detection, the bubble detection, and the 

tracer gas techniques, however these techniques are time consuming for large surfaces. The 

pressurized or depressurized test chamber and smoke tracer or a depressurized test chamber 

and leak detection liquid practices can be used in situations where depressurizing or 

pressurizing the entire envelope is impractical, such as is the case during construction. Both of 

the practices enable the detection of very small leaks. To perform these practices requires that 

the air barrier system be accessible. 

Complexity of building air leakage sites may diminish the ability for detection. For example, 

using the sound detection approach, sound may be absorbed in the tortuous path through the 

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insulation. Air moving through such building leakage paths may lose some of its temperature 

differential and thus make thermographic detection difficult. The absence of jet-like air flow at 

an air leakage site may make detection using the anemometer practice difficult. 

Stack effect in multistory commercial buildings can cause gravity dampers to stand open. 

Computer-controlled dampers should be placed in normal and night modes to aid in 

determining the conditions existing in the building. Sensitive pressure measurement equipment 

can be used for evaluating pressure levels between floors and the exterior. Monitoring systems 

in high-tech buildings can supply qualitative data on pressure differences. 

1. Scope 

1.1 These practices cover standardized techniques for locating air leakage sites in building 

envelopes and air barrier systems. 

1.2 These practices offer a choice of means for determining the location of air leakage sites with 

each offering certain advantages for specific applications. 

1.3 Some of the practices require a knowledge of infrared scanning, building and test chamber 

pressurization and depressurization, smoke generation techniques, sound generation and 

detection, and tracer gas concentration measurement techniques. 

1.4 The practices described are of a qualitative nature in determining the air leakage sites 

rather than determining quantitative leakage rates. 

1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement 

are included in this standard. 

1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with 

its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and 

health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For 

specific hazard statements, see Section 6. 

Referenced Documents 

ASTM Standards 

E631 Terminology of Building Constructions 

E741 Test Method for Determining Air Change in a Single Zone by Means of a Tracer Gas 

Dilution 

E779 Test Method for Determining Air Leakage Rate by Fan Pressurization 

Other Standards 

ISO Standard 6781 Thermal Insulation--Qualitative Detection of Thermal Irregularities in 

Building Envelopes--Infrared Method 

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ASTM D4276 - 02(2007) Standard Practice for Confined Area Entry 

Significance and Use 

Vapor inhalation is the primary hazard encountered in the use of chlorinated solvents. The 

greatest potential for over exposure to these solvent vapors occurs where the employee is 

exposed to the high concentrations of vapor that may be found in confined areas. The 

seriousness of this hazard is often underestimated by those performing this type of work. 

This practice is designed for use by employers in developing their own specific standards for 

vessel or confined area entry. 

Many of these areas are considered as permit-required confined spaces as defined by OSHA (29 

CFR 1910.146). The determination of the applicability of these requirements is the 

responsibility of the user. 

This practice represents the minimum requirements for entry into any confined area containing 

halogenated solvents. 

This practice does not address all of the requirements contained in the OSHA confined spaces 

standard. Development and implementation of training programs, recordkeeping, and other 

additional requirements of the OSHA standard are the responsibility of the user. 

1. Scope 

1.1 This practice covers recognized procedures necessary to protect the health and safety of 

workers required to enter confined spaces. These procedures are particularly applicable to 

entry into the confined areas associated with the use of halogenated organic solvents. 

1.2 Confined areas addressed in this practice include, but are not limited to: vapor degreasers, 

cold cleaning tanks, storage vessels, tank cars and trucks, van trailers, ships or barges, pits or 

sumps, and unventilated rooms. 

1.3 This practice does not necessarily address entry into all confined spaces nor does it address 

the decision strategy involved in requiring such entry. 

1.4 Although this practice describes specific safety steps to be taken for entry into confined 

spaces, it is not intended to preclude the use of any additional measures that may be deemed 

necessary for a particular situation. 

1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with 

its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and 

health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 

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OSHA Technical Manual Section VIII: Chapter 1, part III PROTECTIVE CLOTHING 

SELECTION FACTORS. 

A.	 CLOTHING DESIGN. Manufacturers sell clothing in a variety of styles and 

configurations. 

1.	 Design Considerations. 

 Clothing configuration; 

 Components and options; 

 Sizes; 

 Ease of donning and doffing; 

 Clothing construction; 

 Accommodation of other selected ensemble equipment; 

 Comfort; and 

 Restriction of mobility. 

B.	 MATERIAL CHEMICAL RESISTANCE. Ideally, the chosen material(s) must resist 

permeation, degradation, and penetration by the respective chemicals. 

1.	 Permeation is the process by which a chemical dissolves in or moves 

through a material on a molecular basis. In most cases, there will be no 

visible evidence of chemicals permeating a material. 

Permeation breakthrough time is the most common result used to assess 

material chemical compatibility. The rate of permeation is a function of 

several factors such as chemical concentration, material thickness, 

humidity, temperature, and pressure. Most material testing is done with 

100% chemical over an extended exposure period. The time it takes 

chemical to permeate through the material is the breakthrough time. An 

acceptable material is one where the breakthrough time exceeds the 

expected period of garment use. However, temperature and pressure 

effects may enhance permeation and reduce the magnitude of this safety 

factor. For example, small increases in ambient temperature can 

significantly reduce breakthrough time and the protective barrier 

properties of a protective clothing material. 

2.	 Degradation involves physical changes in a material as the result of a 

chemical exposure, use, or ambient conditions (e.g., sunlight). The most 

common observations of material degradation are discoloration, swelling, 

loss of physical strength, or deterioration. 

3.	 Penetration is the movement of chemicals through zippers, seams, or 

imperfections in a protective clothing material. 

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It is important to note that no material protects against all chemicals and 

combinations of chemicals, and that no currently available material is an 

effective barrier to any prolonged chemical exposure. 

4.	 Sources of information include: 

 Guidelines for the Selection of Chemical Protective Clothing, 3rd 

Edition. This reference provides a matrix of clothing material 

recommendations for approximately 500 chemicals based on an 

evaluation of chemical resistance test data, vendor literature, and 

raw material suppliers. The major limitation for these guidelines 

are their presentation of recommendations by generic material 

class. Numerous test results have shown that similar materials 

from different manufacturers may give widely different 

performance. That is to say manufacturer A's butyl rubber glove 

may protect against chemical X, but a butyl glove made by 

manufacturer B may not. 

 Quick Selection Guide to Chemical Protective Clothing. Pocket size 

guide that provides chemical resistance data and 

recommendations for 11 generic materials against over 400 

chemicals. The guide is color-coded by material-chemical 

recommendation. As with the "Guidelines..." above, the major 

limitation of this reference is its dependence on generic data. 

 Vendor data or recommendations. The best source of current 

information on material compatibility should be available from 

the manufacturer of the selected clothing. Many vendors supply 

charts which show actual test data or their own recommendations 

for specific chemicals. However, unless vendor data or the 

recommendations are well documented, end users must approach 

this information with caution. Material recommendations must be 

based on data obtained from tests performed to standard ASTM 

methods. Simple ratings of "poor," "good," or "excellent" give no 

indication of how the material may perform against various 

chemicals. 

5.	 Mixtures of chemicals can be significantly more aggressive towards 

protective clothing materials than any single chemical alone. One 

permeating chemical may pull another with it through the material. Very 

little data is available for chemical mixtures. Other situations may involve 

unidentified substances. In both the case of mixtures and unknowns, 

serious consideration must be given to deciding which protective clothing 

is selected. If clothing must be used without test data, garments with 

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materials having the broadest chemical resistance should be worn, i.e. 

materials which demonstrate the best chemical resistance against the 

widest range of chemicals. 

C.	 PHYSICAL PROPERTIES. 

1.	 As with chemical resistance, manufacturer materials offer wide ranges of 

physical qualities in terms of strength, resistance to physical hazards, and 

operation in extreme environmental conditions. Comprehensive 

manufacturing standards such as the NFPA Standards set specific limits 

on these material properties, but only for limited applications, i.e. 

emergency response. 

2.	 End users in other applications may assess material physical properties by 

posing the following questions: 

 Does the material have sufficient strength to withstand the 

physical strength of the tasks at hand? 

 Will the material resist tears, punctures, cuts, and abrasions? 

 Will the material withstand repeated use after contamination and 

decontamination? 

 Is the material flexible or pliable enough to allow end users to 

perform needed tasks? 

 Will the material maintain its protective integrity and flexibility 

under hot and cold extremes? 

 Is the material flame-resistant or self-extinguishing (if these 

hazards are present)? 

 Are garment seams in the clothing constructed so they provide 

the same physical integrity as the garment material? 

D.	 EASE OF DECONTAMINATION. The degree of difficulty in decontaminating 

protective clothing may dictate whether disposable or reusable clothing is used, 

or a combination of both. 

E.	 COST. Protective clothing end users must endeavor to obtain the broadest 

protective equipment they can buy with available resources to meet their 

specific application. 

F.	 CHEMICAL PROTECTIVE CLOTHING STANDARDS. Protective clothing buyers may 

wish to specify clothing that meets specific standards, such as 1910.120 or the 

NFPA standards (see Paragraph on classification by performance). The NFPA 

Standards do not apply to all forms of protective clothing and applications. 

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NAHB-OSHA Jobsite Safety Handbook, Second Edition: Electrical
 

 Prohibit work on new and existing energized (hot) electrical circuits until all power is 

shut off and a positive Lockout/Tagout System is in place. 

 Don't use frayed or worn electrical cords or cables. 

 Use only 3-wire type extension cords designed for hard or junior hard service. (Look for 

any of the following letters imprinted on the casing: S, ST, SO, STO, SJ, SJT, SJO, SJTO.) 

 Maintain all electrical tools and equipment in safe condition and check regularly for 

defects. 

 Remove broken or damaged tools and equipment from the jobsite. 

 Protect all temporary power (including extension cords) with ground fault circuit 

interrupters (GFCIs). Plug into a GFCI-protected temporary power pole, a GFCI protected 

generator, or use a GFCI extension cord to protect against shocks (Figure 22). 

 Don't bypass any protective system or device designed to protect employees from 

contact with electrical current. 

 Locate and identify overhead electrical power lines. Make sure that ladders, scaffolds, 

equipment or materials never come within 10 feet of electrical power lines. 

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ASTM Moisture Control in Buildings Manual 

Twenty-eight comprehensive chapters focus on the major issues involved in the process of 

moisture resistive construction. This publication provides the latest and most important 

information relating to moisture problems in buildings. 

Three new chapters have been added to make this the ultimate publication on moisture 

control: 

•	 Details and Practice discusses design details suitable for preventing moisture problems 

in service. 

•	 Quality Management in Design and Construction discusses the need for and application 

of quality control and management during design and construction for preventing 

moisture problems in service. 

•	 Towards Development of Methods for Assessment of Moisture-Originated Damage 

looks to the future. 

The latest edition is divided into four parts: 

Fundamentals—addresses moisture transfer, condensation, and evaporation. 

Applications—discusses the technologies that affect the moisture balance in buildings and the 

techniques used to determine the suitability of materials, components, systems, and structures. 

Construction Principles and Recommendations—covers new and existing commercial and high 

buildings, new and existing residential buildings, and manufactured and historic buildings. 

Implementation—discusses implementation mechanisms. 

IBC 1203.3.1 Openings for Under-floor Ventilation 

The minimum net area of the crawlspace ventilation openings shall not be less than 1square 

foot for each 150 square feet (0.67 m2 for each 100 m2) of crawl-space area. Ventilation 

openings shall be covered for their height and width with any of the following materials, 

provided that the least dimension of the covering shall not exceed 1/4 inch (6 mm) 

1. Perforated sheet metal plates not less than 0.070 inch (1.8 mm) thick. 

2. Expanded sheet metal plates not less than 0.047 inch (1.2 mm) thick. 

3. Cast-iron grilles or gratings. 

4. Extruded load-bearing vents. 

5. Hardware cloth of 0.035 inch (0.89 mm) wire or heavier. 

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6. Corrosion-resistant wire mesh, with the least dimension not exceeding 1/8 inch (3.2 mm). 

IECC SECTION 402.2.9 

Crawl space walls. As an alternative to insulating floors over crawl spaces, crawl space walls 

shall be permitted to be insulated when the crawl space is not vented to the outside. Crawl 

space wall insulation shall be permanently fastened to the wall and extend downward from the 

floor to the finished grade level and then vertically and/or horizontally for at least an additional 

24 inches (610 mm). Exposed earth in unvented crawl space foundations shall be covered with 

a continuous Class I vapor retarder. All joints of the vapor retarder shall overlap by 6 inches 

(153 mm) and be sealed or taped. The edges of the vapor retarder shall extend at least 6 inches 

(153 mm) up the stem wall and shall be attached to the stem wall. 

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IBC 1203.3.2 Exceptions. 

The following are exceptions to Sections 1203.3 and 1203.3.1: 

1. Where warranted by climatic conditions, ventilation openings to the outdoors are not 

required if ventilation openings to the interior are provided. 

2. The total area of ventilation openings is permitted to be reduced to 1/1500 of the underfloor area where the ground surface is treated with an approved vapor retarder material and 

the required openings are placed so as to provide cross ventilation of the space. 

3. Ventilation openings are not required where continuously operated mechanical ventilation is 

provided at a rate of one cubic foot per minute for each fifty square feet of crawl-space floor 

area and the ground surface is covered with an approved vapor retarder. 

Ventilation openings are not required when the ground surface is covered with an approved 

vapor retarder, the perimeter walls are insulated and the space is conditioned in accordance 

with the International Energy Conservation Code 

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ASTM E241 - 09 Standard Guide for Limiting Water-Induced Damage to Buildings 

Significance and Use 

Moisture degradation is frequently a significant factor that either limits the useful life of a 

building or necessitates costly repairs. Examples of moisture degradation include: (1) decay of 

wood-based materials, (2) spalling of masonry caused by freeze-thaw cycles, (3) damage to 

gypsum plasters by dissolution, (4) corrosion of metals, (5) damage due to expansion of 

materials or components (by swelling due to moisture pickup, or by expansion due to corrosion, 

hydration, or delayed ettringite formation), (6) spalling and degradation caused by salt 

migration, (7) failure of finishes, and (8) creep deformation and reduction in strength or 

stiffness. 

Moisture accumulation within construction components or constructions may adversely affect 

serviceability of a building, without necessarily causing immediate and serious degradation of 

the construction components. Examples of such serviceability issues are: (1) indoor air quality, 

(2) electrical safety, (3) degradation of thermal performance of insulations, and (4) decline in 

physical appearance. Mold or mildew growth can influence indoor air quality and physical 

appearance. With some components, in particular interior surface finishes, mold or mildew 

growth may limit service life of the component. Moisture conditions that affect serviceability 

issues can frequently be expected, unless corrected, to eventually result in degradation of the 

building or its components. This guide does not attempt however to address serviceability 

issues that could be corrected by cleaning and change in building operation, and that would not 

require repair or replacement of components to return the building (or portions or components 

of the building) to serviceability. 

Prevention of water-induced damage must be considered throughout the construction process 

including the various stages of the design process, construction, and building commissioning. It 

must also be considered in building operation and maintenance, and when the building is 

renovated, rehabilitated or undergoes a change in use. 

This guide is intended to alert designers and builders, and also building owners and managers, 

to potential damages that may be induced by water, regardless of its source. This guide 

discusses moisture sources and moisture migration. Limit states (or specific moisture conditions 

that are likely to impact construction or component durability) and design methods are also 

cursorily discussed. Examples of practices that enhance durability are listed and discussed, as 

are examples of constructions or circumstances to avoid. The examples listed are not allinclusive. Lastly, field check lists are given. The checklists are not intended for use as is, but as 

guides for development of checklists which may vary with specific building designs and 

climates. 

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1. Scope 

1.1 This guide concerns building design, construction, commissioning, operation, and 

maintenance. 

1.2 This guide addresses the need for systematic evaluation of factors that can result in 

moisture-induced damage to a building or its components. Although of great potential 

importance, serviceability issues which are often, but not necessarily, related to physical 

damage of the building or its components (for example, indoor air quality or electrical safety) 

are not directly addressed in this guide. 

1.3 The emphasis of this guide is on low-rise buildings. Portions of this guide; in particular 

Sections 5, 6, and 7; may also be applicable to high-rise buildings. 

1.4 This guide is not intended for direct use in codes and specifications. It does not attempt to 

prescribe acceptable limits of damage. Buildings intended for different uses may have different 

service life expectancies, and expected service lives of different components within a given 

building often differ. Furthermore, some building owners may be satisfied with substantially 

shorter service life expectancies of building components or of the entire building than other 

building owners. Lastly, the level of damage that renders a component unserviceable may vary 

with the type of component, the degree to which failure of the component is critical (for 

example, whether failure constitutes a life-safety hazard), and the judgement (that is, tolerance 

for damage) of the building owner. For the reasons stated in this paragraph, prescribing limits 

of damage would require listing many pages of exceptions and qualifiers and is beyond the 

scope of this guide. 

1.5 This standard does not purport to address the safety concerns associated with its use. It is 

the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health 

practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 

Referenced Documents 

ASTM Standards 

C168 Terminology Relating to Thermal Insulation 

C717 Terminology of Building Seals and Sealants 

C755 Practice for Selection of Water Vapor Retarders for Thermal Insulation 

C1193 Guide for Use of Joint Sealants 

D1079 Terminology Relating to Roofing and Waterproofing 

E331 Test Method for Water Penetration of Exterior Windows, Skylights, Doors, and Curtain 

Walls by Uniform Static Air Pressure Difference 

E547 Test Method for Water Penetration of Exterior Windows, Skylights, Doors, and Curtain 

Walls by Cyclic Static Air Pressure Difference 

E631 Terminology of Building Constructions 

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E1105 Test Method for Field Determination of Water Penetration of Installed Exterior 

Windows, 

Skylights, Doors, and Curtain Walls, by Uniform or Cyclic Static Air Pressure Difference 

E1643 Practice for Selection, Design, Installation, and Inspection of Water Vapor Retarders 

Used in Contact with Earth or Granular Fill Under Concrete Slabs 

E1677 Specification for an Air Barrier (AB) Material or System for Low-Rise Framed Building 

Walls 

E1745 Specification for Plastic Water Vapor Retarders Used in Contact with Soil or Granular Fill 

under Concrete Slabs 

E2112 Practice for Installation of Exterior Windows, Doors and Skylights 

E2136 Guide for Specifying and Evaluating Performance of Single Family Attached and Detached 

Dwellings--Durability 

Other Documents 

Timusk,J.,Seskus,A.,and Linger,K., “A Systems Approach to Extend the Limit of Envelope 

Performance” in Proceedings: Thermal Performance of the Exterior Envelopes of Buildings V, 

American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Atlanta, GA, 1992. 

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ASTM C1136 - 10 Standard Specification for Flexible, Low Permeance Vapor 

Retarders for Thermal Insulation 

Abstract 

This specification covers vapor retarders for thermal insulation, specifically, flexible materials 

with permeance and surface burning characteristics. Vapor retarders are classified based on 

vapor retardance and strength properties: Types I, II, III, IV, V, and VI. The following test 

methods shall be performed: water vapor permeance; surface burning characteristics; tensile 

strength; dimensional stability; fungi resistance; thermal integrity of flexible water vapor 

retarders; burst strength of vapor retarders; permanence of flame retardancy; and elevated 

temperature and humidity resistance of vapor retarders for insulation. 

This abstract is a brief summary of the referenced standard. It is informational only and not an 

official part of the standard; the full text of the standard itself must be referred to for its use and 

application. ASTM does not give any warranty express or implied or make any representation 

that the contents of this abstract are accurate, complete or up to date. 

Significance and Use 

Entrapment of water in thermal insulation caused by condensation of water vapor that has 

penetrated into the insulation is detrimental to the thermal resistance of the insulation. For this 

reason, in certain installations where temperature and moisture conditions have the potential 

to create a vapor driving force toward the insulation, a deterrent to the passage of such vapor 

into the installed insulation needs to be provided. This is the primary function of the vapor 

retarder. 

In addition to the function stated in 9.1, a vapor retarder has the potential to provide physical 

protection and added strength to the insulation system. 

This specification is used to specify material by physical property requirements that address the 

above prerequisites. The designer of an insulation system, after determining the degree of 

protection needed for the insulation, can use this specification to specify the appropriate type 

of vapor retarder when one is required. 

1. Scope 

1.1 This specification covers vapor retarders for thermal insulation, specifically, flexible 

materials with permeance of 0.10 perm or lower and surface burning characteristics of 25 flame 

spread/50 smoke or lower. These materials are intended for use at surface temperatures of −20 

to 150°F (−29 to 66°C). It does not cover mastics or barrier coatings applied in liquid form, nor 

materials intended for use as weather barriers. 

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1.2 This is a material specification and does not imply that an installed system using these 

materials will provide the physical properties specified in Section 6. 

1.3 This specification provides physical requirements for vapor retarders. Practice C755 

provides assistance in solving problems related to moisture vapor transmission through thermal 

insulation materials. 

1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in 

parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only 

and are not considered standard. 

1.5 The following precautionary caveat pertains to the test methods portion only, Section 10, of 

this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, 

associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish 

appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations 

prior to use. 

Referenced Documents 

ASTM Standards 

C168 Terminology Relating to Thermal Insulation 

C755 Practice for Selection of Water Vapor Retarders for Thermal Insulation 

C1258 Test Method for Elevated Temperature and Humidity Resistance of Vapor Retarders for 

Insulation 

C1263 Test Method for Thermal Integrity of Flexible Water Vapor Retarders 

C1338 Test Method for Determining Fungi Resistance of Insulation Materials and Facings 

D882 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Thin Plastic Sheeting 

D1204 Test Method for Linear Dimensional Changes of Nonrigid Thermoplastic Sheeting or Film 

at Elevated Temperature 

E84 Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials 

E96/E96M Test Methods for Water Vapor Transmission of Materials 

TAPPI Standards 

T461 Flame Resistance of Treated Paper and Paperboard 

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ASTM E1643 - 09 Standard Practice for Selection, Design, Installation, and 

Inspection of Water Vapor Retarders Used in Contact with Earth or Granular Fill 

Under Concrete Slabs 

Significance and Use 

Vapor retarders provide a method of limiting water vapor transmission and capillary transport 

of water upward through concrete slabs on grade, which can adversely affect floor finishes and 

interior humidity levels. 

Adverse impacts include adhesion loss, warping, peeling, and unacceptable appearance of 

resilient flooring; deterioration of adhesives, ripping or separation of seams, and air bubbles or 

efflorescence beneath seamed, continuous flooring; damage to flat electrical cable systems, 

buckling of carpet and carpet tiles, offensive odors, growth of fungi, and undesired increases to 

interior humidity levels. 

1. Scope 

1.1 This practice covers procedures for selecting, designing, installing, and inspecting flexible, 

prefabricated sheet membranes in contact with earth or granular fill used as vapor retarders 

under concrete slabs. 

1.2 Conditions subject to frost and either heave or hydrostatic pressure, or both, are beyond 

the scope of this practice. Vapor retarders are not intended to provide a waterproofing 

function. 

1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in 

parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only 

and are not considered standard. 

1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with 

its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and 

health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 

Referenced Documents 

ASTM Standards 

E1745 Specification for Plastic Water Vapor Retarders Used in Contact with Soil or Granular Fill 

under Concrete Slabs 

E1993 Specification for Bituminous Water Vapor Retarders Used in Contact with Soil or 

Granular Fill Under Concrete Slabs 

F710 Practice for Preparing Concrete Floors to Receive Resilient Flooring 

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Other Standard 

ACI302.2R–06 Guide for Concrete Slabs that Receive Moisture-Sensitive Flooring Materials 

Section 5 

5.1 Level or tamp or roll granular base. 

5.2 Place vapor retarder with the longest dimension parallel with the direction of the 

pour. 

5.3 Lap vapor retarder over footings or seal to foundation walls or both, and seal all 

penetrations such as utilities and columns in order to create a monolithic membrane 

between the surface of the slab and moisture sources below the slab and at the slab 

perimeter (see Fig 1-3). 

5.4 Lap joints 6 in. (150 mm) or as instructed by the manufacturer and seal with the 

manufacturer's recommended adhesive or pressure sensitive tape or both. 

Section 6.4 

6.4 Avoid use of stakes driven through the vapor retarder 

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ASTM E1998 - 02(2007) Standard Guide for Assessing Depressurization-Induced 

Backdrafting and Spillage from Vented Combustion Appliances 

1. Scope 

1.1 This guide describes and compares different methods for assessing the potential for, or 

existence of, depressurization-induced backdrafting and spillage from vented residential 

combustion appliances. 

1.2 Assessment of depressurization-induced backdrafting and spillage is conducted under either 

induced depressurization or natural conditions. 

1.3 Residential vented combustion appliances addressed in this guide include hot water heaters 

and furnace. The guide also is applicable to boilers. 

1.4 The methods given in this guide are applicable to Category I (draft-hood- and induced-fanequipped) furnaces. The guide does not apply to Category III (power-vent-equipped) or 

Category IV (direct-vent) furnaces. 

1.5 The methods in this guide are not intended to identify backdrafting or spillage due to vent 

blockage or heat-exchanger leakage. 

1.6 This guide is not intended to provide a basis for determining compliance with code 

requirements on appliance and venting installation, but does include a visual assessment of the 

installation. This assessment may indicate the need for a thorough inspection by a qualified 

technician. 

1.7 Users of the methods in this guide should be familiar with combustion appliance operation 

and with making house-tightness measurements using a blower door. Some methods described 

in this guide require familiarity with differential-pressure measurements and use of computerbased data-logging equipment. 

This guide does not purport to address all safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is 

the responsibility of the user to establish appropriate safety and health practices and to 

determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Carbon monoxide (CO) 

exposure or flame roll-out may occur when performing certain procedures given in this guide. 

See Section 1, for precautions that must be taken in conducting such procedures. 

Referenced Documents 

ASTM Standards 

D1356 Terminology Relating to Sampling and Analysis of Atmospheres 

E631 Terminology of Building Constructions 

E779 Test Method for Determining Air Leakage Rate by Fan Pressurization 

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E1827 Test Methods for Determining Airtightness of Buildings Using an Orifice Blower Door 

CGSB Standard 

51.71 The Spillage Test--Method to Determine the Potential for Pressure-Induced Spillage from 

Vented, Fuel-Fired; Space Heating Appliances; Water Heaters, and Fireplaces 

ANSI Standard 

Z21.47 Gas-fired Central Furnace 

NFPA Standard 

54 National Fuel Gas Code 

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ASTM C 1320-05 (09) Standard Practice for Installation of Mineral Fiber Batt and 

Blanket Insulation Thermal Insulation for Light Frame Construction 

Significance and Use 

This practice recognizes that effectiveness, safety, and durability of insulation depend not only 

on the quality of the insulating materials but also on their proper installation. 

This practice provides general procedures that will help to ensure installation of insulation in a 

safe and effective manner. It shall be noted that actual conditions in existing buildings vary 

greatly and in some cases additional care shall be taken to ensure effective and safe 

installation. 

1. Scope 

1.1 This practice covers procedures for the installation of mineral fiber batt and blanket thermal 

insulation in ceilings, attics, floors, and walls of new or existing housing and other light frame 

construction. 

1.2 This practice covers the installation process from pre-installation inspection through postinstallation inspection. It does not cover the production of the insulation materials. 

1.3 This practice is not intended to replace manufacturers' installation instructions, but it shall 

be used in conjunction with such instructions. This practice is not intended to supersede local, 

state, or federal codes. 

1.4 This practice assumes that the installer possesses a working knowledge of applicable codes 

and regulations, safety practices, tools, equipment, and methods necessary for the installation 

of thermal insulation materials. It also assumes that the installer understands the fundamentals 

of construction that affect the installation of insulation. 

1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in 

parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only 

and are not considered standard. 

1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with 

its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and 

health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 

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IECC Chapter 3 Climate Zones
 

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ASTM E1465 - 08a Standard Practice for Radon Control Options for the Design 

and Construction of New Low-Rise Residential Buildings 

Abstract 

This practice provides the design details and construction methods for two built-in soil 

depressurization radon control and reduction systems appropriate for use in new low-rise 

residential buildings. Depending on the configuration of the radon vent stack installed, the 

radon system's operation may have a pipe route appropriate for a fan-powered radon 

reduction system, or have a more efficient pipe route appropriate for passively operated radon 

reduction systems. This practice covers special features for soil depressurization radon 

reduction systems including (1) slab-on-grade, basement and crawlspace foundation types with 

cast concrete slab and membrane ground covers, (2) sub-slab and submembrane gaspermeable layers and their drainage, (3) radon system piping, (4) radon discharge separation 

from openings into occupiable space, (5) radon fan installation, (6) electrical requirements, (7) 

radon system monitor installation, (8) labeling, (9) radon testing, and (10) system 

documentation. 

This abstract is a brief summary of the referenced standard. It is informational only and not an 

official part of the standard; the full text of the standard itself must be referred to for its use and 

application. ASTM does not give any warranty express or implied or make any representation 

that the contents of this abstract are accurate, complete or up to date. 

Significance and Use 

Fan-powered radon reduction systems built into new residential buildings according to this 

practice are likely to reduce elevated indoor radon levels, where soil-gas is the source of radon, 

to below 2.0 picocuries per litre (pCi/L) (75 becquerels of radon per cubic metre (Bq/m3

)) in 

occupiable spaces. Passive radon reduction systems do not always reduce such indoor radon 

concentrations to below 2.0 picocuries per litre (pCi/L) (75 becquerels of radon per cubic metre 

(Bq/m3)) in occupiable spaces. When a passive system, built according to this practice, does not 

achieve acceptable radon concentrations, that system should be converted to fan-powered 

operation to significantly improve its performance. Exceptions—New residential buildings built 

on expansive soil and karst may require additional measures, not included in this practice, to 

achieve acceptable radon reduction. Consider consulting with a soil/geotechnical specialist, a 

qualified foundation structural engineer and contacting the state’s radon in air specialist for upto-date information about construction methods. Names of your state radon specialist are 

available from the U.S. EPA website (http://www.epa.gov/radon). 

Note 1—Residences using private wells can have elevated indoor radon concentrations due to 

radon that out-gasses from the water used indoors, like water used to shower (7). Consider 

contacting your state’s radon specialist for up-to-date information on available methods for 

removing radon from private well water. 

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All soil depressurization radon reduction methods require a gas-permeable layer which can be 

depressurized. The gas-permeable layer is positioned under the building’s sealed ground cover. 

In the case of the active soil depressurization system, a radon fan pulls air up the vent stack to 

depressurize the gas-permeable layer. In the case of a passive soil depressurization system, 

when air in the vent stack is warmer than that outdoors, the warmer air rises in the stack 

causing the gas-permeable layer to be depressurized. The passive system depressurizes the gaspermeable layer intermittently; the fan-powered system depressurizes the gas-permeable layer 

continuously. The performance of gas-permeable layers depends on their design; see 6.4.1.3. A 

radon reduction system that operates passively requires the most efficient gas-permeable 

layer. 

U.S. EPA recommended action level concerning indoor radon states that the radon 

concentration should always be reduced if it is 4 picocuries per litre (pCi/L) (150 becquerels of 

radon per cubic metre (Bq/m3

)) or above in occupiable spaces. According to U.S. EPA there is 

also reduced risk when radon concentrations in indoor air are lowered to below 2.0 picocuries 

per litre (pCi/L) (75 becquerels of radon per cubic metre (Bq/m3)) in occupiable spaces (4). 

Significant benefit is obtained from reducing indoor radon concentrations to below 4 pCi/L (150 

Bq/m3). According to the U.S. EPA’s risk assessment (8), about 62 out of 1000 people who 

smoke will die from a lifetime’s average radon exposure of 4 pCi/L (150 Bq/m3); for people who 

never smoked about 7 out of 1000 will people die from the same lifetime exposure. Smokers’ 

lifetime risk of death from lung cancer is reduced by about half (50 %) when their average 

radon exposure is reduced from 4 to 2 pCi/L (150 to 75 Bq/m3

); their risk is reduced by about 

two-thirds (67 %) when their exposure is reduced from 4 to 1.3 pCi/L (150 to 75 Bq/m3). Neversmokers’ lifetime risk of death from lung cancer is reduced by about 40 % when their average 

radon exposure is reduced from 4 to 2 pCi/L (150 to 75 Bq/m3); the risk is reduced by 70 % 

when their exposure is reduced from 4 to 1.3 pCi/L (150 to 50 Bq/m3

). U.S. EPA recommended 

action level about reducing radon to less that 4 pCi/L (150 Bq/m3) is “Radon levels less than 4 

pCi/L (150 Bq/m3

) still pose a risk, and in many cases may be reduced” (4). U.S. EPA 

recommendation is to “Consider fixing between 2 and 4 pCi/L (75 and 150 Bq/m3).” (See radon 

reduction goals in 1.4 and 6.11.4.) 

This practice assumes that the customer is informed about the risks of lung cancer from 

exposure to radon and able to establish by contract the maximum acceptable indoor radon 

concentration allowed in the new residential building. Because there are goals and 

recommended action level but no government mandated maximum indoor radon 

concentration for new residential construction in the United States customers and their agents 

should negotiate to establish by contract the maximum acceptable indoor radon concentration. 

The customer should keep in mind that the building’s indoor radon concentration can never be 

less than the radon concentration in the outdoor air in the vicinity of the building; that 

establishing target radon levels below 2 pCi/L (75 Bq/m3

) could be more expensive; and that 

radon concentrations below 2 pCi/L (75 Bq/m3) are difficult to measure using current 

commercially available technology. (See (4, 7), 1.4, and 6.11.4.) 

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The negotiated acceptable radon concentration defined by this standard can vary from 

customer to customer and contract to contract. The owner’s goal for radon reduction should be 

known and considered before the radon system design is specified. The construction choices for 

void space in the gas-permeable layer; vent stack pipe diameter and route; radon fan capacity; 

and building features influence the radon reduction system’s performance. (See 1.4, 3.2.1, 5.3, 

5.4, 5.5, and 6.4.1.3.) 

This practice offers organized information about radon reduction methods. This practice cannot 

replace education and experience and should be used in conjunction with trained and certified 

radon practitioner's judgment. Not all aspects of this practice may be applicable in all 

circumstances. 

This practice is not intended, by itself, to replace the standard of care by which adequacy of a 

professional service may be judged, nor should this practice alone be applied without 

consideration of a project's unique aspects. 

The word “Standard” in the title of this practice means that the document has been approved 

through the ASTM consensus process. 

Reliable methods for predicting indoor radon concentrations for a particular residential building 

prior to its construction are not available at this time. If the house is in contact with the ground, 

it is possible for radon gas to be present. Not all houses will need a radon system; nationally, 1 

out of 15, or 7 % of the houses have indoor radon concentrations greater than 4 pCi/L (150 

Bq/m3). In the highest state 71 % of the houses have indoor radon greater than 4 pCi/L (150 

Bq/m3

). In fifteen states less than 10 % of the houses are over 4 pCi/L (150 Bq/m3). In six states 

40 % or more of the houses have indoor radon over 4 pCi/L (150 Bq/m3). State and local 

jurisdictions and individual owners are in the best position to decide where houses with radon 

reduction features should be built. 

1. Scope 

1.1 This practice covers the design and construction of two radon control options for use in new 

low-rise residential buildings. These unobtrusive (built-in) soil depressurization options are 

installed with a pipe route appropriate for their intended initial mode of operation, that is, fanpowered or passive. One of these pipe routes should be installed during a residential building’s 

initial construction. Specifications for the critical gas-permeable layer, the radon system’s 

piping, and radon entry pathway reduction are comprehensive and common to both pipe 

routes. 

1.1.1 The first option has a pipe route appropriate for a fan-powered radon reduction system. 

The radon fan should be installed after (1) an initial radon test result reveals unacceptable 

radon concentrations and therefore a need for an operating radon fan, or (2) the owner has 

specified an operating radon fan, as well as acceptable radon test results before occupancy. Fan 

operated soil depressurization radon systems reduce indoor radon concentrations up to 99 %. 

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1.1.2 The second option has a more efficient pipe route appropriate for passively operated 

radon reduction systems. Passively operated radon reduction systems provide radon reductions 

of up to 50 %. When the radon test results for a building with an operating passive system are 

not acceptable, that system should be converted to fan-powered operation. Radon systems 

with pipe routes installed for passive operation can be converted easily to fan-powered 

operation; such fan operated systems reduce indoor radon concentrations up to 99 %. 

1.2 The options provide different benefits: 

1.2.1 The option using the pipe route for fan-powered operation is intended for builders with 

customers who want maximum unobtrusive built-in radon reduction and documented evidence 

of an effective radon reduction system before a residential building is occupied. Radon systems 

with fan-powered type pipe routes allow the greatest architectural freedom for vent stack 

routing and fan location. 

1.2.2 The option using the pipe route for passive operation is intended for builders and their 

customers who want unobtrusive built-in radon reduction with the lowest possible operating 

cost, and documented evidence of acceptable radon system performance before occupancy. If 

a passive system’s radon reduction is unacceptable, its performance can be significantly 

increased by converting it to fan-powered operation. 

1.3 Fan-powered, soil depressurization, radon-reduction techniques, such as those specified in 

this practice, have been used successfully for slab-on-grade, basement, and crawlspace 

foundations throughout the world. 

1.4 Radon in air testing is used to assure the effectiveness of these soil depressurization radon 

systems. The U.S. national goal for indoor radon concentration, established by the U.S. 

Congress in the 1988 Indoor Radon Abatement Act, is to reduce indoor radon as close to the 

levels of outside air as is practicable. The radon concentration in outside air is assumed to be 

0.4 picocuries per litre (pCi/l) (15 Becquerels per cubic metre (Bq/m3)); the U.S.’s average radon 

concentration in indoor air is 1.3 pCi/L (50 Bq/m3). The goal of this practice is to make available 

new residential buildings with indoor radon concentrations below 2.0 pCi/L (75 Bq/m3

) in 

occupiable spaces. 

1.5 This practice is intended to assist owners, designers, builders, building officials and others 

who design, manage, and inspect radon systems and their construction for new low-rise 

residential buildings. 

1.6 This practice can be used as a model set of practices, which can be adopted or modified by 

state and local jurisdictions, to fulfill objectives of their residential building codes and 

regulations. This practice also can be used as a reference for the federal, state, and local health 

officials and radiation protection agencies. 

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1.7 The new dwelling units covered by this practice have never been occupied. Radon reduction 

for existing low rise residential buildings is covered by Practice E 2121, or by state and local 

building codes and radiation protection regulations. 

1.8 Fan-powered soil depressurization, the principal strategy described in this practice, offers 

the most effective and most reliable radon reduction of all currently available strategies. 

Historically, far more fan-powered soil depressurization radon reduction systems have been 

successfully installed and operated than all other radon reduction methods combined. These 

methods are not the only methods for reducing indoor radon concentrations (1-3). 

1.9 Section 7 is Occupational Radon Exposure and Worker Safety. 

1.10 Appendix X1 is Principles of Operation for Fan-Powered Soil Depressurization Radon 

Reduction. 

1.11 Appendix X2 is a Summary of Practice E 1465 Requirements for Installation of Radon 

Reduction Systems in New Low Rise Residential Building. 

1.12 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in 

parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only 

and are not considered standard. 

1.13 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with 

its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and 

health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 

Referenced Documents 

ASTM Standards 

C29/C29M Test Method for Bulk Density (Unit Weight) and Voids in Aggregate 

C127 Test Method for Density, Relative Density (Specific Gravity), and Absorption of Coarse 

Aggregate 

D1785 Specification for Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Plastic Pipe, Schedules 40, 80, and 120 

D2241 Specification for Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Pressure-Rated Pipe (SDR Series) 

D2466 Specification for Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Plastic Pipe Fittings, Schedule 40 

D2661 Specification for Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene (ABS) Schedule 40 Plastic Drain, Waste, 

and Vent Pipe and Fittings 

D2665 Specification for Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Plastic Drain, Waste, and Vent Pipe and 

Fittings 

D2729 Specification for Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Sewer Pipe and Fittings 

D2751 Specification for Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene (ABS) Sewer Pipe and Fittings 

E631 Terminology of Building Constructions 

E1643 Practice for Selection, Design, Installation, and Inspection of Water Vapor Retarders 

Used in Contact with Earth or Granular Fill Under Concrete Slabs 

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E1745 Specification for Plastic Water Vapor Retarders Used in Contact with Soil or Granular Fill 

under Concrete Slabs 

E2121 Practice for Installing Radon Mitigation Systems in Existing Low-Rise Residential Buildings 

F405 Specification for Corrugated Polyethylene (PE) Pipe and Fittings 

F628 Specification for Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene (ABS) Schedule 40 Plastic Drain, Waste, 

and Vent Pipe With a Cellular Core 

F891 Specification for Coextruded Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Plastic Pipe With a Cellular Core 

Other Publications 

Uniform Building Code, Chapters 18, 19 and 21 

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SUMMARY OF STANARDS REFERENCED:
 

BASE LOAD
 

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NFPA 70A: National Electrical Code® Requirements for One-and Two-Family 

Dwellings 

Scope 

(A) Covered. This Code covers the installation of electrical conductors, equipment, and 

raceways; signaling and communications conductors, equipment, and raceways; and optical 

fiber cables and raceways for the following: 

(1) Public and private premises, including buildings, structures, mobile homes, recreational 

vehicles, and floating buildings 

(2) Yards, lots, parking lots, carnivals, and industrial substations 

(3) Installations of conductors and equipment that connect to the supply of electricity 

(4) Installations used by the electric utility, such as office buildings, warehouses, garages, 

machine shops, and recreational buildings, that are not an integral part of a generating 

plant, substation, or control center. 

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National Appliance Energy Conservation Act (NAECA) 

The National Appliance Energy Conservation Act (NAECA). NAECA was adopted by the U.S. 

Congress with virtually no opposition and was signed into law by President Reagan (U.S. 

Congress 1987). The standards established minimum energy efficiency requirements for 12 

types of residential appliances sold in the United States. NAECA also contains requirements and 

deadlines for updating the initial standards through rulemakings conducted by DOE using 

criteria included in the law. The latest revised standards by the Department of Energy on 

refrigerators and freezers went into effect beginning in 2001. New standards on clothes 

washers went into effect on 2007, clothes dryers and dishwashers in 1994. 

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40 CFR 271.13 Title 40: Protection of Environment PART 273—STANDARDS FOR 

UNIVERSAL WASTE MANAGEMENT 

Subpart B—Standards for Small Quantity Handlers of Universal Waste 

273.13 Waste management 

(c) Mercury-containing equipment. A small quantity handler of universal waste must manage 

universal waste mercury-containing equipment in a way that prevents releases of any universal 

waste or component of a universal waste to the environment, as follows: 

(1) A small quantity handler of universal waste must place in a container any universal waste 

mercury-containing equipment with non-contained elemental mercury or that shows evidence 

of leakage, spillage, or damage that could cause leakage under reasonably foreseeable 

conditions. The container must be closed, structurally sound, compatible with the contents of 

the device, must lack evidence of leakage, spillage, or damage that could cause leakage under 

reasonably foreseeable conditions, and must be reasonably designed to prevent the escape of 

mercury into the environment by volatilization or any other means. 

(2) A small quantity handler of universal waste may remove mercury-containing ampules from 

universal waste mercury-containing equipment provided the handler: 

(i) Removes and manages the ampules in a manner designed to prevent breakage of the 

ampules; 

(ii) Removes the ampules only over or in a containment device ( e.g., , tray or pan sufficient to 

collect and contain any mercury released from an ampule in case of breakage); 

(iii) Ensures that a mercury clean-up system is readily available to immediately transfer any 

mercury resulting from spills or leaks from broken ampules from that containment device to a 

container that meets the requirements of 40 CFR 262.34; 

(iv) Immediately transfers any mercury resulting from spills or leaks from broken ampules from 

the containment device to a container that meets the requirements of 40 CFR 262.34; 

(v) Ensures that the area in which ampules are removed is well ventilated and monitored to 

ensure compliance with applicable OSHA exposure levels for mercury; 

(vi) Ensures that employees removing ampules are thoroughly familiar with proper waste 

mercury handling and emergency procedures, including transfer of mercury from containment 

devices to appropriate containers; 

(vii) Stores removed ampules in closed, non-leaking containers that are in good condition; 

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(viii) Packs removed ampules in the container with packing materials adequate to prevent 

breakage during storage, handling, and transportation; 

NFPA 54/ANSI/AGA Z223.1 National Fuel Gas Code 

Up-to-date with current techniques, products, materials, and construction practices, the 2009 

National Fuel Gas Code provides a more effective means of ensuring fuel gas safety on 

consumers' premises. Based on scores of proposals from Code users, it presents designers,

installers, AHJs, maintainers, and inspectors of fuel gas systems in buildings with state-of-the­ art criteria for the installation and operation of gas piping systems, appliances, equipment, and

related accessories, including new requirements that all heating boilers have a low water cutoff 

switch to prevent boiler failure. 

Annexes provide valuable advice on sizing and capacities of gas piping, and sizing of venting 

systems serving appliances...checking for leakage...and emergency procedures for gas leaks. 

More than 100 graphics visually clarify concepts. A new Annex provides a detailed list of all 

changes from the 2006 edition, with the reason for the changes. 

Contents 

Chapter 1 Administration 

Chapter 2 Referenced Publications 

Chapter 3 Definitions 

Chapter 4 General 

Chapter 5 Gas Piping System Design, Materials, and Components 

Chapter 6 Pipe Sizing 

Chapter 7 Gas Piping Installation 

Chapter 8 Inspection, Testing, and Purging 

Chapter 9 Appliance, Equipment, and Accessory Installation 

Chapter 10 Installation of Specific Appliances 

Chapter 11 Procedures to Be Followed to Place Appliance in Operation 

Chapter 12 Venting of Appliances 

Chapter 13 Sizing of Category I Venting Systems 

Annex A Explanatory Material 

Annex B Coordination of Appliance and Equipment Design, Construction, and 

Maintenance 

Annex C Sizing and Capacities of Gas Piping 

Annex D Suggested Method of Checking for Leakage 

Annex E Suggested Emergency Procedure for Gas Leaks 

Annex F Flow of Gas Through Fixed Orifices 

Annex G Sizing of Venting Systems Serving Appliances Equipped with Draft Hoods, 

Category I Appliances, and Appliances Listed for Use with Type B Vents 

Annex H Recommended Procedure for Safety Inspection of an Existing Appliance 

Installation 

Annex I Indoor Combustion Air Calculation Examples 

Annex J Example of Combination of Indoor and Outdoor Combustion and Ventilation 

Opening Design 

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Annex K Other Useful Definitions
 

Annex L Enforcement
 

Annex M Informational References
 

Index
 

Standard 62.2-2010 -- Ventilation and Acceptable Indoor Air Quality in Low-Rise 

Residential Buildings (ANSI/ASHRAE Approved) 

This standard defines the roles of and minimum requirements for mechanical and natural 

ventilation systems and the building envelope intended to provide acceptable indoor air quality 

in low-rise residential buildings. It is ASHRAE's IAQ standard for residential buildings. 

It applies to spaces intended for human occupancy within single-family houses and multi-family 

structures of three stories or fewer above grade, including manufactured and modular houses. 

This standard does not apply to transient housing such as hotels, motels, nursing homes, 

dormitories, or jails. 

Since 2003, extensive experience has been gained in the application of this standard, due to its 

adoption by various building codes and use in numerous building programs. As such, many 

clarifications and improvements have been identified and incorporated through the approved 

addenda. One significant addition is the new normative appendix addressing the application of 

the standard to existing buildings. 

http://openpub.realread.com/rrserver/browser?title=/ASHRAE_1/ashrae_62_2_2007_1280 

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ASTM E1998 - 02(2007) Standard Guide for Assessing Depressurization-Induced 

Backdrafting and Spillage from Vented Combustion Appliances 

1. Scope 

1.1 This guide describes and compares different methods for assessing the potential for, or 

existence of, depressurization-induced backdrafting and spillage from vented residential 

combustion appliances. 

1.2 Assessment of depressurization-induced backdrafting and spillage is conducted under either 

induced depressurization or natural conditions. 

1.3 Residential vented combustion appliances addressed in this guide include hot water heaters 

and furnace. The guide also is applicable to boilers. 

1.4 The methods given in this guide are applicable to Category I (draft-hood- and induced-fanequipped) furnaces. The guide does not apply to Category III (power-vent-equipped) or 

Category IV (direct-vent) furnaces. 

1.5 The methods in this guide are not intended to identify backdrafting or spillage due to vent 

blockage or heat-exchanger leakage. 

1.6 This guide is not intended to provide a basis for determining compliance with code 

requirements on appliance and venting installation, but does include a visual assessment of the 

installation. This assessment may indicate the need for a thorough inspection by a qualified 

technician. 

1.7 Users of the methods in this guide should be familiar with combustion appliance operation 

and with making house-tightness measurements using a blower door. Some methods described 

in this guide require familiarity with differential-pressure measurements and use of computerbased data-logging equipment. 

This guide does not purport to address all safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is 

the responsibility of the user to establish appropriate safety and health practices and to 

determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Carbon monoxide (CO) 

exposure or flame roll-out may occur when performing certain procedures given in this guide. 

See Section 1, for precautions that must be taken in conducting such procedures. 

Referenced Documents 

ASTM Standards 

D1356 Terminology Relating to Sampling and Analysis of Atmospheres 

E631 Terminology of Building Constructions 

E779 Test Method for Determining Air Leakage Rate by Fan Pressurization 

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E1827 Test Methods for Determining Airtightness of Buildings Using an Orifice Blower Door 

CGSB Standard 

51.71 The Spillage Test--Method to Determine the Potential for Pressure-Induced Spillage from 

Vented, Fuel-Fired; Space Heating Appliances; Water Heaters, and Fireplaces 

ANSI Standard 

Z21.47 Gas-fired Central Furnace 

NFPA Standard 

54 National Fuel Gas Code 

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OSH Act of 1970 

SEC. 5. Duties 

(a) Each employer -­

(1) shall furnish to each of his employees employment and a place of employment which 

are free from recognized hazards that are causing or are likely to cause death or serious 

physical harm to his employees; 

(2) shall comply with occupational safety and health standards promulgated under this 

Act. 

(b) Each employee shall comply with occupational safety and health standards and all rules, 

regulations, and orders issued pursuant to this Act which are applicable to his own actions 

and conduct. 

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ASTM E241 - 09 Standard Guide for Limiting Water-Induced Damage to Buildings 

Significance and Use 

Moisture degradation is frequently a significant factor that either limits the useful life of a 

building or necessitates costly repairs. Examples of moisture degradation include: (1) decay of 

wood-based materials, (2) spalling of masonry caused by freeze-thaw cycles, (3) damage to 

gypsum plasters by dissolution, (4) corrosion of metals, (5) damage due to expansion of 

materials or components (by swelling due to moisture pickup, or by expansion due to corrosion, 

hydration, or delayed ettringite formation), (6) spalling and degradation caused by salt 

migration, (7) failure of finishes, and (8) creep deformation and reduction in strength or 

stiffness. 

Moisture accumulation within construction components or constructions may adversely affect 

serviceability of a building, without necessarily causing immediate and serious degradation of 

the construction components. Examples of such serviceability issues are: (1) indoor air quality, 

(2) electrical safety, (3) degradation of thermal performance of insulations, and (4) decline in 

physical appearance. Mold or mildew growth can influence indoor air quality and physical 

appearance. With some components, in particular interior surface finishes, mold or mildew 

growth may limit service life of the component. Moisture conditions that affect serviceability 

issues can frequently be expected, unless corrected, to eventually result in degradation of the 

building or its components. This guide does not attempt however to address serviceability 

issues that could be corrected by cleaning and change in building operation, and that would not 

require repair or replacement of components to return the building (or portions or components 

of the building) to serviceability. 

Prevention of water-induced damage must be considered throughout the construction process 

including the various stages of the design process, construction, and building commissioning. It 

must also be considered in building operation and maintenance, and when the building is 

renovated, rehabilitated or undergoes a change in use. 

This guide is intended to alert designers and builders, and also building owners and managers, 

to potential damages that may be induced by water, regardless of its source. This guide 

discusses moisture sources and moisture migration. Limit states (or specific moisture conditions 

that are likely to impact construction or component durability) and design methods are also 

cursorily discussed. Examples of practices that enhance durability are listed and discussed, as 

are examples of constructions or circumstances to avoid. The examples listed are not allinclusive. Lastly, field check lists are given. The checklists are not intended for use as is, but as 

guides for development of checklists which may vary with specific building designs and 

climates. 

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1. Scope 

1.1 This guide concerns building design, construction, commissioning, operation, and 

maintenance. 

1.2 This guide addresses the need for systematic evaluation of factors that can result in 

moisture-induced damage to a building or its components. Although of great potential 

importance, serviceability issues which are often, but not necessarily, related to physical 

damage of the building or its components (for example, indoor air quality or electrical safety) 

are not directly addressed in this guide. 

1.3 The emphasis of this guide is on low-rise buildings. Portions of this guide; in particular 

Sections 5, 6, and 7; may also be applicable to high-rise buildings. 

1.4 This guide is not intended for direct use in codes and specifications. It does not attempt to 

prescribe acceptable limits of damage. Buildings intended for different uses may have different 

service life expectancies, and expected service lives of different components within a given 

building often differ. Furthermore, some building owners may be satisfied with substantially 

shorter service life expectancies of building components or of the entire building than other 

building owners. Lastly, the level of damage that renders a component unserviceable may vary 

with the type of component, the degree to which failure of the component is critical (for 

example, whether failure constitutes a life-safety hazard), and the judgement (that is, tolerance 

for damage) of the building owner. For the reasons stated in this paragraph, prescribing limits 

of damage would require listing many pages of exceptions and qualifiers and is beyond the 

scope of this guide. 

1.5 This standard does not purport to address the safety concerns associated with its use. It is 

the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health 

practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 

Referenced Documents 

ASTM Standards 

C168 Terminology Relating to Thermal Insulation 

C717 Terminology of Building Seals and Sealants 

C755 Practice for Selection of Water Vapor Retarders for Thermal Insulation 

C1193 Guide for Use of Joint Sealants 

D1079 Terminology Relating to Roofing and Waterproofing 

E331 Test Method for Water Penetration of Exterior Windows, Skylights, Doors, and Curtain 

Walls by Uniform Static Air Pressure Difference 

E547 Test Method for Water Penetration of Exterior Windows, Skylights, Doors, and Curtain 

Walls by Cyclic Static Air Pressure Difference 

E631 Terminology of Building Constructions 

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E1105 Test Method for Field Determination of Water Penetration of Installed Exterior 

Windows, 

Skylights, Doors, and Curtain Walls, by Uniform or Cyclic Static Air Pressure Difference 

E1643 Practice for Selection, Design, Installation, and Inspection of Water Vapor Retarders 

Used in Contact with Earth or Granular Fill Under Concrete Slabs 

E1677 Specification for an Air Barrier (AB) Material or System for Low-Rise Framed Building 

Walls 

E1745 Specification for Plastic Water Vapor Retarders Used in Contact with Soil or Granular Fill 

under Concrete Slabs 

E2112 Practice for Installation of Exterior Windows, Doors and Skylights 

E2136 Guide for Specifying and Evaluating Performance of Single Family Attached and Detached 

Dwellings--Durability 

Other Documents 

Timusk,J.,Seskus,A.,and Linger,K., “A Systems Approach to Extend the Limit of Envelope 

Performance” in Proceedings: Thermal Performance of the Exterior Envelopes of Buildings V, 

American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Atlanta, GA, 1992. 

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NAHB-OSHA Jobsite Safety Handbook, Second Edition: Electrical
 

 Prohibit work on new and existing energized (hot) electrical circuits until all power is 

shut off and a positive Lockout/Tagout System is in place. 

 Don't use frayed or worn electrical cords or cables. 

 Use only 3-wire type extension cords designed for hard or junior hard service. (Look for 

any of the following letters imprinted on the casing: S, ST, SO, STO, SJ, SJT, SJO, SJTO.) 

 Maintain all electrical tools and equipment in safe condition and check regularly for 

defects. 

 Remove broken or damaged tools and equipment from the jobsite. 

 Protect all temporary power (including extension cords) with ground fault circuit 

interrupters (GFCIs). Plug into a GFCI-protected temporary power pole, a GFCI protected 

generator, or use a GFCI extension cord to protect against shocks (Figure 22). 

 Don't bypass any protective system or device designed to protect employees from 

contact with electrical current. 

 Locate and identify overhead electrical power lines. Make sure that ladders, scaffolds, 

equipment or materials never come within 10 feet of electrical power lines. 

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ASTM C1193 - 09 Standard Guide for Use of Joint Sealants 

Significance and Use 

This guide provides information and guidelines for consideration by the designer or applicator 

of a joint seal. It explains the properties and functions of various materials, such as sealant, 

sealant backing, and primer, among others; and, procedures such as, substrate cleaning and 

priming, and installation of the components of a sealed joint. It presents guidelines for the use 

and application of the various materials, design of a sealant joint for a specific application, and 

environmental conditions and effects that are known to detrimentally affect a sealant joint. The 

information and guidelines are also useful for those that supply accessories to the sealant 

industry and for those that install sealants and accessory materials associated with sealant use. 

In addition to the design and installation data in this guide, consult the sealant manufacturer 

about applications for its products and their proper use and installation. Considering the range 

of properties of commercially available sealants, the variety of joint designs possible, and the 

many conditions of use, the information contained herein is general in nature. 

To assist the user of the guide in locating specific information, a detailed listing of guide 

numbered sections and their descriptors are included in Appendix X2. 

1. Scope 

1.1 This guide describes the use of a cold liquid-applied sealant for joint sealing applications. 

Including joints on buildings and related adjacent areas, such as plazas, decks, and pavements 

for vehicular or pedestrian use, and types of construction other than highways and airfield 

pavements and bridges. Information in this guide is primarily applicable to a single and multicomponent, cold liquid-applied joint sealant and secondarily to a precured sealant when used 

with a properly prepared joint opening and substrate surfaces. 

1.2 An elastomeric or non-elastomeric sealant described by this guide should meet the 

requirements of Specification C 834, C 920, or C 1311. 

1.3 This guide does not provide information or guidelines for the use of a sealant in a structural 

sealant glazing application. Guide C 1401 should be consulted for this information. Additionally, 

it also does not provide information or guidelines for the use of a sealant in an insulating glass 

unit edge seal used in a structural sealant glazing application. Guide C 1249 should be consulted 

for this information. 

1.4 Practice C 919 should be consulted for information and guidelines for the use of a sealant in 

an application where an acoustic joint seal is required. 

1.5 This guide also does not provide information relative to the numerous types of sealant that 

are available nor specific generic sealant properties, such as hardness, tack-free time, or curing 

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process, among others. Guide C 1299 should be consulted for information on generally 

accepted comparative values for the characteristics and properties of the more common 

generic types of liquid-applied sealant. 

1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in 

parenthesis are provided for information only. 

1.7 The Committee with jurisdiction for this standard is not aware of any comparable standards 

published by other organizations. 

1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with 

its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and 

health practices, and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 

1.9 The committee with jurisdiction over this standard is not aware of any comparable 

standards published by other organizations. 

Referenced Documents 

ASTM Standards 

C510 Test Method for Staining and Color Change of Single- or Multicomponent Joint Sealants 

C717 Terminology of Building Seals and Sealants 

C719 Test Method for Adhesion and Cohesion of Elastomeric Joint Sealants Under Cyclic 

Movement (Hockman Cycle) 

C792 Test Method for Effects of Heat Aging on Weight Loss, Cracking, and Chalking of 

Elastomeric Sealants 

C794 Test Method for Adhesion-in-Peel of Elastomeric Joint Sealants 

C834 Specification for Latex Sealants 

C919 Practice for Use of Sealants in Acoustical Applications 

C920 Specification for Elastomeric Joint Sealants 

C1083 Test Method for Water Absorption of Cellular Elastomeric Gaskets and Sealing Materials 

C1087 Test Method for Determining Compatibility of Liquid-Applied Sealants with Accessories 

Used in Structural Glazing Systems 

C1135 Test Method for Determining Tensile Adhesion Properties of Structural Sealants 

C1247 Test Method for Durability of Sealants Exposed to Continuous Immersion in Liquids 

C1248 Test Method for Staining of Porous Substrate by Joint Sealants 

C1249 Guide for Secondary Seal for Sealed Insulating Glass Units for Structural Sealant Glazing 

Applications 

C1253 Test Method for Determining the Outgassing Potential of Sealant Backing 

C1299 Guide for Use in Selection of Liquid-Applied Sealants 

C1311 Specification for Solvent Release Sealants 

C1330 Specification for Cylindrical Sealant Backing for Use with Cold Liquid-Applied Sealants 

C1382 Test Method for Determining Tensile Adhesion Properties of Sealants When Used in 

Exterior Insulation and Finish Systems (EIFS) Joints 

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C1401 Guide for Structural Sealant Glazing 

C1442 Practice for Conducting Tests on Sealants Using Artificial Weathering Apparatus 

C1472 Guide for Calculating Movement and Other Effects When Establishing Sealant Joint 

Width 

D2203 Test Method for Staining from Sealants 

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NFPA 211: Standard for Chimneys, Fireplaces, Vents, and Solid Fuel-Burning 

Appliances 

Widely used by architects, installers, equipment manufacturers, AHJs, and building owners, 

NFPA 211 provides guidelines for construction projects involving chimneys, fireplaces, 

vents, and solid fuel-burning appliances. Comprehensive coverage addresses everything 

from selection of equipment and installation to inspection and maintenance in residential, 

commercial, and industrial properties. 

Changes in the 2010 NFPA 211: Standard for Chimneys, Fireplaces, Vents, and Solid FuelBurning Appliances include: 

•Extensive revisions to and clarification of definitions

•Terminology for gas appliances is now consistent with NFPA 54: National Fuel Gas Code 

•New minimum requirements for opening for rain caps and spacing of electrical wire from 

dryer vents 

Contents 

Chapter 1 Administration 

Chapter 2 Referenced Publications 

Chapter 3 Definitions 

Chapter 4 General Requirements 

Chapter 5 Selection of Chimney and Vent Types 

Chapter 6 Factory-Built Chimneys and Chimney Units 

Chapter 7 Masonry Chimneys 

Chapter 8 Unlisted Metal Chimneys (Smokestacks) for Nonresidential Applications 

Chapter 9 Chimney Connectors and Vent Connectors 

Chapter 10 Vents 

Chapter 11 Fireplaces 

Chapter 12 Solid Fuel–Burning Appliances 

Chapter 13 Maintenance 

Chapter 14 Inspection of Existing Chimneys 

Annex A Explanatory Material 

Annex B Informational References 

Index 

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Standard 62.2-2010 -- Ventilation and Acceptable Indoor Air Quality in Low-Rise 

Residential Buildings (ANSI/ASHRAE Approved) 

This standard defines the roles of and minimum requirements for mechanical and natural 

ventilation systems and the building envelope intended to provide acceptable indoor air quality 

in low-rise residential buildings. It is ASHRAE's IAQ standard for residential buildings. 

It applies to spaces intended for human occupancy within single-family houses and multi-family 

structures of three stories or fewer above grade, including manufactured and modular houses. 

This standard does not apply to transient housing such as hotels, motels, nursing homes, 

dormitories, or jails. 

Since 2003, extensive experience has been gained in the application of this standard, due to its 

adoption by various building codes and use in numerous building programs. As such, many 

clarifications and improvements have been identified and incorporated through the approved 

addenda. One significant addition is the new normative appendix addressing the application of 

the standard to existing buildings. 

http://openpub.realread.com/rrserver/browser?title=/ASHRAE_1/ashrae_62_2_2007_1280 

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SUMMARY OF STANARDS REFERENCED:
 

WINDOWS AND DOORS
 

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ASTM E2112 - 07 Standard Practice for Installation of Exterior Windows, Doors 

and Skylights 

Significance and Use 

This practice recognizes that the effective performance of installed fenestration products is 

dependent in part upon following proper installation procedures and appropriate 

workmanship. 

This practice recognizes that the coordination of trades and proper sequencing are essential for 

effective fenestration installation. The general contractor shall be responsible for the necessary 

coordination of trades and proper construction sequencing of the installed fenestration 

product. 

Improper installation of units contributes to excessive air, water and sound leakage, and 

condensation. It may promote the deterioration of wall constructions, insulation, fenestration 

products, and their respective finishes. 

This practice presumes a working knowledge of applicable federal, state, and local codes and 

regulations; specifically, but not limited to required means of egress, requirements for safety 

glazing materials, and structural requirements of applicable codes. 

This practice presumes a working knowledge of the tools, equipment, and methods necessary 

for the installation of specified fenestration products. It further assumes familiarity with 

flashing and sealing, glazing procedures, finishes where applicable, and an understanding of the 

fundamentals of construction that affect the installation of these units. 

This practice presumes that the products that have been furnished for the installation and their 

locations within the structure comply with all the applicable building codes and regulations. 

1. Scope 

1.1 This practice covers the installation of fenestration products in new and existing 

construction. For the purpose of this practice, fenestration products shall be limited to 

windows, sliding patio-type doors, swinging patio type doors, and skylights, as used primarily in 

residential and light commercial buildings. 

1.2 This practice assumes that the installer possesses basic woodworking skills and an 

understanding of wall and roof construction, sheet metal work, and joint sealant practices. 

1.3 This practice attempts to instruct and familiarize the installer with the concepts of both 

Barrier Systems and Membrane/Drainage Systems, in order to ensure the continuity of the 

building envelope. This practice attempts to educate the installer, builder, architect, and other 

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users in the identification and understanding of the water shedding system of the building 

envelope. 

1.4 This practice covers the installation process from pre-installation procedures through postinstallation procedures, for single units or factory-mulled multiple units in a single opening. It 

does not cover the fabrication or assembly of multiple units, whether such fabrication takes 

place in a factory or at the intended installation site. The installer should check with the 

manufacturer of factory-assembled units for instructions for anchoring. When using fieldmulled units, follow manufacturer's recommendations and make certain that they meet 

applicable codes. This practice does not cover the selection of appropriate fenestration 

products for a given application, nor the selection of other products or systems for use in the 

installation. 

1.5 This practice provides minimum requirements that will help to accomplish the installation of 

fenestration products in an effective manner. Actual conditions in buildings vary greatly and, in 

some cases, substantial additional precautions may be required. In the event that the 

manufacturer's installation instructions provided with the product conflict with requirements of 

this practice, the manufacturer's instructions shall prevail. This practice is not intended to limit 

or exclude other new procedures that may refine or further improve the effectiveness of 

fenestration installation. 

1.5.1 This practice is intended to be used for background information in order to develop 

training manuals and training programs. Further, this practice attempts to consolidate and unify 

the various steps of construction, tying together the various trades involved with the continuity 

between fenestration products and the building envelope. 

1.6 The text of this practice references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. 

These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as 

requirements of this practice. 

1.7 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values shown 

in parentheses are for information only. 

1.8 This standard has not been created to address all issues related to every possible 

installation situation one might experience in the field. Furthermore, this practice does not 

purport to provide fail-safe installation methods, assurance or protection against installation 

deficiencies, or a standard by which architects can specify or ensure delivered performance. 

Note 1—There are no ISO standards covering the primary subject matter of this practice. 

1.9 This practice does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with 

its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and 

health practices and to determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.For 

specific precautionary statements, see Section 5, Related Procedures. Where a lead hazard is 

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known or suspected, refer to ASTM Standards on Lead Hazards Associated with Buildings and to 

applicable state and federal regulations. Where an asbestos hazard is known or suspected, refer 

to the ASTM Manual on Asbestos Control, and to applicable state and federal regulations. 

1.10 Table of Contents 

Section 

Scope 1 

Table of Contents 1.10 

Referenced Documents 2 

Terminology 3 

Definitions 3.1 

Description of Terms Specific to this Standard 3.2 

Abbreviations 3.3 

Significance and Use 4 

Related Issues and Procedures 5 

Continuity with the Weather Barrier Systems 5.1 

Joints and Anchorages 5.2 

Moisture Entrapment 5.3 

Weather Resistant Barrier 5.4 

Weatherability 5.5 

Construction Sequence 5.6 

Construction Damage 5.7 

Inspection 5.8 

Rough Opening 5.9 

Rough Opening Size 5.9.1 

Insulating or Filling the Rough Opening Gap 5.9.2 

Materials Protection 5.10 

Cleaning and Maintenance 5.11 

Dissimilar Materials 5.12 

Flashing Requirements 5.13 

Fastening Systems/Anchorage 5.14 

Shimming 5.15 

Panning Systems and Subsills for Weatherability 5.16 

Pre-Installation Procedures 5.17 

Sealants-Selection and Use 5.18 

Window Cleaner Anchors and Related SafetyHardware 5.19 

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Continuity Between the Fenestration Products and Other Components of the 

Building Envelope 6 

Water Shedding Strategies of Wall and Roof Systems 7 

Concept of Surface Barrier Systems and Membrane/Drainage Systems 7.1 

Surface Barrier Systems 7.1.1 

Membrane/Drainage Systems 7.1.2 

Identification of Systems 7.2 

Installation Methods For Windows 8 

Windows in Walls Utilizing a Membrane/Drainage System 8.1 

Windows with Perimeter Mounting Flanges (Nail Fins) in Drainage Type Wall 

Construction 8.1.1 

Flange Types 8.1.1.1 

Selection of Installation Method 8.1.1.2 

Method A 8.1.1.3.1 

Method B 8.1.1.3.2 

Method A1 8.1.1.3.3 

Method B1 8.1.1.3.4 

Non-Finned Windows in Membrane/Drainage Type Walls 8.1.2 

Windows in Walls Utilizing a Barrier Wall System(Sealant Method) 8.2 

Windows in Walls Utilizing an Exterior Barrier System (EIFS or Direct Applied) 8.3 

Special Considerations 8.4 

Aluminum Framed Windows 8.4.1 

Vinyl Framed Windows 8.4.2 

Replacement Window Installation 8.5 

Partial Window Replacement for Existing Integral Flange Windows 8.5.1 

Partial Replacement of Mill Shop Wood Windows 8.5.2 

Complete Window Replacement 8.5.3 

Destructive Window Replacement (Fin Type) 8.5.3.1 

Non-Destructive Window Replacement (Non-Fin Type) 8.5.3.2 

Installation Methods for Doors 9 

Doors in Walls Utilizing a Membrane/Drainage System 9.1 

Doors with Perimeter Mounting Flanges (Nailing Fins) in Drainage Type Wall 

Construction 9.1.1 

Flange Types 9.1.1.1 

Selection of Installation Method 9.1.1.2 

Method A 9.1.1.4.1 

Method B 9.1.1.4.2 

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Method A1 9.1.1.4.3 

Method B1 9.1.1.4.4 

Hinged Swing (Non-finned) Doors in Membrane/Drainage Type Walls 9.1.2 

Installation Methods for Skylights 10 

Product Types 10.1 

Flashing Procedures 10.2 

Aluminum/Copper Sheet Flashing 10.3 

Aluminum/Copper Step Flashing (Fabricated or Engineered) 10.4 

Membrane Flashing 10.5 

Post-Installation Procedures 11 

Keywords 12 

Air Barrier Foam Sealant Used in the Rough Opening Gap Annex A1 

Emergency Escape and Rescue Requirements Annex A2 

Minimum Height Requirements for Interior Height of Pan Flashing Annex A3 

Sealants Annex A4 

Window/Door Flashing Types Appendix 

X1 

Cautions for Installation Appendix 

X2 

Bibliography/Other Referenced Installation Guides Appendix 

X3 

Referenced Documents 

ASTM Standards 

B456 Specification for Electrodeposited Coatings of Copper plus Nickel Plus Chromium and 

Nickel Plus Chromium 

B663 Specification for Silver-Tungsten Carbide Electrical Contact Material 

B766 Specification for Electrodeposited Coatings of Cadmium 

C717 Terminology of Building Seals and Sealants 

C755 Practice for Selection of Vapor Barriers for Thermal Insulation 

C794 Test Method for Adhesion-in-Peel of Elastomeric Joint Sealants 

C834 Specification for Latex Sealants 

C920 Specification for Elastomeric Joint Sealants 

C1193 Guide for Use of Joint Sealants 

C1281 Specification for Preformed Tape Sealants for Glazing Applications 

C1299 Guide for Use in Selection of Liquid-Applied Sealants 

C1311 Specification for Solvent Release Sealants 

C1382 Test Method for Determining Tensile Adhesion Properties of Sealants When Used in 

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Exterior Insulation and Finish Systems (EIFS) Joints 

C1397 Practice for Application of Class PB Exterior Insulation and Finish Systems 

D779 Test Method for Water Resistance of Paper, Paperboard, and Other Sheet Materials by 

the Dry Indicator Method 

D1970 Specification for Self-Adhering Polymer Modified Bituminous Sheet Materials, Used as 

Steep Roofing Underlayment for Ice Dam Protection 

D2822 Specification for Asphalt Roof Cement 

E283 Test Method for Determining Rate of Air Leakage Through Exterior Windows, Curtain 

Walls, and Doors Under Specified Pressure Differences Across the Specimen 

E331 Test Method for Water Penetration of Exterior Windows, Skylights, Doors, and Curtain 

Walls by Uniform Static Air Pressure Difference 

E547 Test Method for Water Penetration of Exterior Windows, Skylights, Doors, and Curtain 

Walls by Cyclic Static Air Pressure Difference 

E631 Terminology of Building Constructions 

E783 Test Method for Field Measurement of Air Leakage Through Installed Exterior Windows 

and Doors 

E1105 Test Method for Field Determination of Water Penetration of Installed Exterior 

Windows, Skylights, Doors and Curtain Walls by Uniform or Cyclic Static Air Pressure Difference 

AAMA Standards 

850 Fenestration Sealants Guide Manual 

ANSI/AAMA/WDMA Standard 

101/I.S.2 Voluntary Specifications for Aluminum, Vinyl (PVC) and Wood Windows and Glass 

Doors 

AAMA/WDMA Standard 

1600/IS7 Voluntary Specifications for Roof Windows and Skylights 

ANSI/ASME Standard 

A39.1 Standard, Safety Requirements for Window Cleaning 

ANSI/EIMA Standard 

99-A-200 Exterior Insulation and Finish Systems (EIFS) 

ANSI/ISDI Standard 

102 Insulated Steel Door Systems--Installation Standard 

CSA Standards 

A440-M90 Windows--A National Standard of Canada 

CPSC Standard 

16CFR1201 USA Consumer Product Safety Commission, Code of Federal Regulations; Part 1201, 

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Safety Standard for Architectural Glazing Materials, 1977 

WDMA Standard 

I.S.4 Industry Standard for Water-Repellent Preservative Treatment for Millwork 

OSHA Standards 

29CFR1926.1101 Asbestos Construction Standard 

NAHB-OSHA Jobsite Safety Handbook, Second Edition 

Personal Protective Equipment 

Head Protection 

 Workers must wear hard hats when overhead, falling, or flying hazards exist or when 

danger of electrical shock is present. 

 Inspect hard hats routinely for dents, cracks, or deterioration. 

 If a hard hat has taken a heavy blow or electrical shock, you must replace it even when 

you detect no visible damage. 

 Maintain hard hats in good condition; do not drill; clean with strong detergents or 

solvents; paint; or store them in extreme temperatures. 

Eye and Face Protection 

 Workers must wear safety glasses or face shields for welding, cutting, nailing (including 

pneumatic), or when working with concrete and/or harmful chemicals. 

 Eye and face protectors are designed for particular hazards so be sure to select the type 

to match the hazard. 

 Replace poorly fitting or damaged safety glasses. 

Foot Protection 

 Residential construction workers must wear shoes or boots with slip-resistant and 

puncture-resistant soles (to prevent slipping and puncture wounds). 

 Safety-toed shoes are recommended to prevent crushed toes when working with heavy 

rolling equipment or falling objects. 

Hand Protection 

 High-quality gloves can prevent injury. 

 Gloves should fit snugly. 

 Glove gauntlets should be taped for working with fiberglass materials. 

 Workers should always wear the right gloves for the job (for example, heavy-duty 

rubber for concrete work, welding gloves for welding). 

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Fall Protection 

 Use a safety harness system for fall protection. 

 Use body belts only as positioning devices - not for fall protection. 

OSHA 3142-09R, 2003, Lead in Construction 

APPLICABILITY TO CONSTRUCTION 

OSHA's lead in construction standard applies to all construction work where an employee may 

be exposed to lead. All work related to construction, alteration, or repair, including painting and 

decorating, is included. Under this standard, construction includes, but is not limited to: 

 Demolition or salvage of structures where lead or materials containing lead are present; 

 Removal or encapsulation of materials containing lead; 

 New construction, alteration, repair, or renovation of structures, substrates, or portions 

or materials containing lead; 

 Installation of products containing lead; 

 Lead contamination from emergency cleanup; 

 Transportation, disposal, storage, or containment of lead or materials containing lead 

where construction activities are performed; and 

 Maintenance operations associated with these construction activities. 

Employer Responsibilities 

WORKER PROTECTIONS 

Employers of construction workers are responsible for developing and implementing a worker 

protection program. At a minimum, the employer's worker protection program for employees 

exposed to lead above the PEL should include: 

 Hazard determination, including exposure assessment; 

 Medical surveillance and provisions for medical removal; 

 Job-specific compliance programs; 

 Engineering and work practice controls; 

 Respiratory protection; 

 Protective clothing and equipment; 

 Housekeeping; 

 Hygiene facilities and practices; 

 Signs; 

 Employee information and training; and 

 Recordkeeping. 

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Because lead is a cumulative and persistent toxic substance and health effects may result from 

exposure over prolonged periods, employers must use these precautions where feasible to 

minimize employee exposure to lead. The employer should, as needed, consult a qualified 

safety and health professional to develop and implement an effective, site-specific worker 

protection program. These professionals may work independently or may be associated with an 

insurance carrier, trade organization, or onsite consultation program. 

ELEMENTS OF A COMPLIANCE PROGRAM 

For each job where employee exposure exceeds the PEL, the employer must establish and 

implement a written compliance program to reduce employee exposure to the PEL or below. 

The compliance program must provide for frequent and regular inspections of job sites, 

materials, and equipment by a competent person. Written programs, which must be reviewed 

and updated at least every six months, must include: 

 A description of each activity in which lead is emitted (such as equipment used, material 

involved, controls in place, crew size, employee job responsibilities, operating 

procedures, and maintenance practices); 

 The means to be used to achieve compliance and engineering plans and studies used to 

determine the engineering controls selected where they are required; 

 Information on the technology considered to meet the PEL; 

 Air monitoring data that document the source of lead emissions; 

 A detailed schedule for implementing the program, including copies of documentation 

(such as purchase orders for equipment, construction contracts); 

 A work practice program; 

 An administrative control schedule, if applicable; and 

 Arrangements made among contractors on multi-contractor sites to inform employees 

of potential lead exposure. 

Hazard Assessment 

An employer is required to conduct an initial employee exposure assessment of whether 

employees are exposed to lead at or above the AL based on: 

 Any information, observation, or calculation that indicates employee exposure to lead; 

 Any previous measurements of airborne lead; and 

 Any employee complaints of symptoms attributable to lead exposure. 

Objective data and historical measurements of lead may be used to satisfy the standard's initial 

monitoring requirements. 

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ASTM C1193 - 09 Standard Guide for Use of Joint Sealants 

Significance and Use 

This guide provides information and guidelines for consideration by the designer or applicator 

of a joint seal. It explains the properties and functions of various materials, such as sealant, 

sealant backing, and primer, among others; and, procedures such as, substrate cleaning and 

priming, and installation of the components of a sealed joint. It presents guidelines for the use 

and application of the various materials, design of a sealant joint for a specific application, and 

environmental conditions and effects that are known to detrimentally affect a sealant joint. The 

information and guidelines are also useful for those that supply accessories to the sealant 

industry and for those that install sealants and accessory materials associated with sealant use. 

In addition to the design and installation data in this guide, consult the sealant manufacturer 

about applications for its products and their proper use and installation. Considering the range 

of properties of commercially available sealants, the variety of joint designs possible, and the 

many conditions of use, the information contained herein is general in nature. 

To assist the user of the guide in locating specific information, a detailed listing of guide 

numbered sections and their descriptors are included in Appendix X2. 

1. Scope 

1.1 This guide describes the use of a cold liquid-applied sealant for joint sealing applications. 

Including joints on buildings and related adjacent areas, such as plazas, decks, and pavements 

for vehicular or pedestrian use, and types of construction other than highways and airfield 

pavements and bridges. Information in this guide is primarily applicable to a single and multicomponent, cold liquid-applied joint sealant and secondarily to a precured sealant when used 

with a properly prepared joint opening and substrate surfaces. 

1.2 An elastomeric or non-elastomeric sealant described by this guide should meet the 

requirements of Specification C 834, C 920, or C 1311. 

1.3 This guide does not provide information or guidelines for the use of a sealant in a structural 

sealant glazing application. Guide C 1401 should be consulted for this information. Additionally, 

it also does not provide information or guidelines for the use of a sealant in an insulating glass 

unit edge seal used in a structural sealant glazing application. Guide C 1249 should be consulted 

for this information. 

1.4 Practice C 919 should be consulted for information and guidelines for the use of a sealant in 

an application where an acoustic joint seal is required. 

1.5 This guide also does not provide information relative to the numerous types of sealant that 

are available nor specific generic sealant properties, such as hardness, tack-free time, or curing 

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process, among others. Guide C 1299 should be consulted for information on generally 

accepted comparative values for the characteristics and properties of the more common 

generic types of liquid-applied sealant. 

1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in 

parenthesis are provided for information only. 

1.7 The Committee with jurisdiction for this standard is not aware of any comparable standards 

published by other organizations. 

1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with 

its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and 

health practices, and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 

1.9 The committee with jurisdiction over this standard is not aware of any comparable 

standards published by other organizations. 

2. Referenced Documents 

ASTM Standards 

C510 Test Method for Staining and Color Change of Single- or Multicomponent Joint Sealants 

C717 Terminology of Building Seals and Sealants 

C719 Test Method for Adhesion and Cohesion of Elastomeric Joint Sealants Under Cyclic 

Movement (Hockman Cycle) 

C792 Test Method for Effects of Heat Aging on Weight Loss, Cracking, and Chalking of 

Elastomeric Sealants 

C794 Test Method for Adhesion-in-Peel of Elastomeric Joint Sealants 

C834 Specification for Latex Sealants 

C919 Practice for Use of Sealants in Acoustical Applications 

C920 Specification for Elastomeric Joint Sealants 

C1083 Test Method for Water Absorption of Cellular Elastomeric Gaskets and Sealing Materials 

C1087 Test Method for Determining Compatibility of Liquid-Applied Sealants with Accessories 

Used in Structural Glazing Systems 

C1135 Test Method for Determining Tensile Adhesion Properties of Structural Sealants 

C1247 Test Method for Durability of Sealants Exposed to Continuous Immersion in Liquids 

C1248 Test Method for Staining of Porous Substrate by Joint Sealants 

C1249 Guide for Secondary Seal for Sealed Insulating Glass Units for Structural Sealant Glazing 

Applications 

C1253 Test Method for Determining the Outgassing Potential of Sealant Backing 

C1299 Guide for Use in Selection of Liquid-Applied Sealants 

C1311 Specification for Solvent Release Sealants 

C1330 Specification for Cylindrical Sealant Backing for Use with Cold Liquid-Applied Sealants 

C1382 Test Method for Determining Tensile Adhesion Properties of Sealants When Used in 

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Exterior Insulation and Finish Systems (EIFS) Joints 

C1401 Guide for Structural Sealant Glazing 

C1442 Practice for Conducting Tests on Sealants Using Artificial Weathering Apparatus 

C1472 Guide for Calculating Movement and Other Effects When Establishing Sealant Joint 

Width 

D2203 Test Method for Staining from Sealants 

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PART II: 565 - 620

JOB TASK ANALYSIS OUTLINES 

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Energy Auditor
 

Job Task Analysis Content Outline
 

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Energy Auditor Specifications and Content Outline 

Job Description: An Energy Auditor is a building analyst that evaluates and analyzes buildings 

and their energy efficiency, and health and safety aspects by gathering empirical data, 

conducting tests and using energy modeling software with the goal of identifying areas for 

savings, reducing energy consumption, improving health and safety, and increasing the lifespan 

of a building while also improving the quality of life and comfort for building occupants. 

Domains/Tasks 

Domain I: Demonstrating Professional Energy Auditor Conduct 

Task 1: Establish client relations for an energy audit 

Task 2: Represent the program/agency/organization 

Task 3: Maintain professionalism 

Domain II: Collecting Information about the Building for an Energy Audit 

Task 1: Document energy consumption 

Task 2: Document the building history 

Task 3: Conduct a physical/visual inspection 

Task 4: Collect appliance information 

Task 5: Collect electrical base load data 

Task 6: Collect building measurements 

Task 7: 

Task 8: 

Collect health and safety data 

Collect mechanical ventilation data 

Task 9: Collect building insulation data (attic, walls and foundations) 

Task 10: Collect attic data 

Task 11: Collect wall data 

Task 12: Collect window data 

Task 13: Collect door data 

Task 14: Collect foundation data 

Task 15: Collect roof data 

Domain III: Testing the Building for an Energy Audit 

Task 1: Preparing for the test(s) 

Task 2: Meter the appliance 

Task 3: Conduct indoor air quality tests 

Task 4: Perform combustion safety and efficiency tests 

Task 5: Perform blower door tests 

Task 6: Perform HVAC distribution tests 

Domain IV: Evaluating Collected Energy Audit Data 

Task 1: Evaluate the health and safety of the building 

Task 2: Evaluate the durability/structural integrity of the building 

Task 3: Evaluate the HVAC system 

Task 4: Evaluate the mechanical ventilation 

Task 5: Evaluate energy use base loads 

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Task 6: Evaluate the foundation 

Task 7: Evaluate the walls 

Task 8: Evaluate the attic 

Task 9: Evaluate the doors 

Task 10: Evaluate the windows 

Task 11: Enter the data into energy modeling software 

Task 12: Determine the work scope 

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DOMAIN I: Demonstrating Professional Energy Auditor Conduct 

Task 1: Establish Client Relations for an Energy Audit 

Ability to: 

• Conduct client introductions 

• Conduct client interviews 

• Complete client questionnaires 

• Explain the purposes of the visit 

• Set the client expectations and responsibilities (pre and post audit) 

• Establish the client plan of action 

• Engage the client in the actual testing 

• Sell the client services and/or packages 

• Obtain client signatures on forms (lead forms, etc.) 

• Serve as a liaison between the client and the contractors 

• Ability to work independently 

Knowledge of: 

• Building science 

• Codes of conduct 

• Forms (Lead safety forms, etc) 

• Funding sources/financing 

• Health and safety issues 

• Interviewing techniques 

• The program, agency or organization which the Energy Auditor represents 

Skill in: 

• Communication 

• Listening 

• Presenting information 

• Time management 

Task 2: Represent the Program/Agency/Organization 

Ability to: 

• Interface with crews and subcontractors 

• Complete program/agency/organization reports 

Knowledge of: 

• Construction processes and techniques 

• Program reports 

Skill in: 

• Communication 

Task 3: Maintain Professionalism 

Ability to: 

• Complete continuing education 

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• Maintain certifications 

• Acquire new certifications 

Knowledge of: 

• Appropriate dress for the situation 

• Certification requirements for energy auditors 

• Continuing education requirements for energy auditors 

DOMAIN II: Collecting Information About the Building for an Energy Audit 

Task 1: Document Energy Consumption 

Ability to: 

• Obtain 12 months of client utility bills 

• Obtain annual fuel delivery information (oil, propane, etc.) 

Knowledge of: 

• How to access utility information 

• Utility bill components 

Skill in: 

• Calculating base loads, the area and volume of building spaces, etc 

• Basic Math 

Task 2: Document the building history 

Ability to: 

• Determine the age of the original structure 

• Determine the age of any additions or improvements 

• Determine if the building has any historical significance 

Knowledge of: 

• How to access building permit history 

• How to access tax files 

Task 3: Conduct a physical/visual inspection 

Ability to: 

• Walk around the exterior of the building 

• Locate holes, chimneys, gutters, vent pipes, soffits, fascia, peeling paint, foundation 

integrity, areas of infiltration and exfiltration, exhaust fan penetrations, accesses, 

crawlspaces, roof vents, land grading, shading, building orientation, anomalies 

• Walk around the interior of the building 

•

•

•

Check for pest/vermin infestations, evidence of leaking or water damage, holes, 

chimneys, vent pipes, peeling paint, foundation integrity, areas of infiltration and 

exfiltration, exhaust fan penetrations, accesses, crawlspaces, roof vents, structural 

damage 

Identify hidden rooms or spaces 

Determine the exterior façade materials (siding, brick, etc.) 

• Identify issues that would interfere with or prevent tests 

• Identify hazardous materials in the building 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 570
 

 

 

 

• Identify health and safety issues (clutter, bleach stored next to a furnace, etc.) 

• Perform visual inspection of vented combustion appliance venting configuration 

• Detect unusual odors 

• Photograph and document conditions 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

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Knowledge of: 

• General construction 

• Codes and standards adopted by the local jurisdiction 

• Combustion appliance venting procedures 

• Hazardous materials 

• Issues that pose a health and/or safety risk 

• NFPA 211
 

• Situations that pose a health and/or safety risk 

• Effects of moisture 

• Sources of moisture 

• What to look for when conducting a physical/visual inspection 

Skill in: 

• Attention to detail 

Task 4: Collect Appliance Information 

Ability to: 

• Collect refrigerator/freezer tag data and documentation 

• Collect heating/cooling appliance tag data and documentation 

• Identify heating/cooling appliance fuel type 

• Collect domestic water heater tag data and documentation 

• Collect washer/dryer tag data and documentation 

• Collect mechanical ventilation tag data and documentation 

• Collect dishwasher tag data and documentation 

• Collect shower head flow rates 

• Collect dehumidifier tag data and documentation 

• Collect stove/oven appliance tag data and documentation 

• Identify stoves/ovens appliance fuel type 

• Collect unvented space heater tag data and documentation 

• Identify other components related to the HVAC appliances (expansion tanks, fill valves, 

remote compressors, etc.) 

• Identify other components related to the domestic water heater appliance (storage 

tanks, mixing valves, etc.) 

• Identify safety features related to the HVAC and domestic water heater appliances 

Knowledge of: 

• Appliances 

• Codes and standards adopted by the local jurisdiction 

• Domestic water heater components and operation 

• Heating/cooling system operations 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 571
 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

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• How to read a meter 

• How to read and interpret appliance tags 

• Mechanical ventilation equipment 

• Safety issues associated with domestic water heaters 

• Shower head operations and flow rates 

• Various appliance fuel types 

Skill in: 

• Penmanship 

• Attention to detail 

Ability to: 

Task 5: Collect Electrical Base Load Data 

• Conduct a lighting audit 

• Count the number of people in the house 

• Determine if dishwasher is present 

• Determine if the domestic water is fuel fired or electric 

• Collect client lifestyle information (TV usage, Xboxes, etc.) 

• Meter the refrigerator 

• Look for additional usage sources (hot tubs, pool pumps, pool heaters, fish ponds, 

fountains, etc.) 

Knowledge of: 

• Fuel-fired versus electric domestic water heaters 

• How lifestyle affects energy consumption 

• How to analyze a utility bill 

• How to diagnose high electric/gas usage 

• How to read an electric meter 

• Refrigerator gasket seal conditions 

Skill in: 

• Basic math 

Task 6: Collect Building Measurements 

Ability to: 

• Measure walls 

• Measure roofs 

• Measure windows 

• Measure doors 

• Measure perimeter 

• Measure radiators 

• Measure foundation height 

• Measure attic venting 

• Measure attic spaces 

• Measure area and volume of the building envelope 

Knowledge of: 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 572
 

 

• How to calculate the area and volume of the building envelope 

• How to identify the pressure boundary 

• How to identify the thermal boundary 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

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• How to measure building components (doors, etc.) 

• Various building components 

Skill in: 

• Measuring 

• Attention to detail 

• Basic math 

Ability to: 

Task 7: Collect Health and Safety Data 

Locate existing smoke/CO detectors •

Determine age of smoke/CO detectors •

• Determine if smoke detectors/CO are hardwired or battery 

Verify clothes dryer is properly vented to exterior •

• Verify all exhaust fans are properly vented to exterior 

Identify existence of any possible hazardous materials/conditions •

Identify knob and tube wiring •

Identify moisture issues (standing water, condensation, plumbing leaks, mold, etc). •

Identify electrical hazards (frayed wiring, open junction boxes, unkempt wires, overloaded • circuits, etc.) 

Identify suspect asbestos •

Identify lead based paint hazards •

• Identify propane fueled appliances 

• Identify unvented combustion appliances 

Identify properly operating back draft damper •

Knowledge of: 

• Proper locations for smoke/CO detectors 

• Venting requirements for appliances 

• Conditions that signify moisture 

• Domestic water heater safety 

• Electrical hazards 

• Hazardous materials 

• Heating system safety 

• How to determine if knob and tube wiring is active 

• Issues and hazards associated with asbestos 

• Issues and hazards associated with lead based paint 

• Water heater regulations for manufactured homes 

• Rules and regulations pertaining to lead and asbestos 

• Smoke/CO detector operations 

Task 8: Collect Mechanical Ventilation Data 

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Ability to: 

• Review manufacturer's specifications for exhaust fans 

• Determine the volume of the affected space 

• Determine the type of control 

• Identify the size of the registers 

• Determine condition of the ventilation ductwork/piping (pitch, insulation, size, 

material, elbows, length to run, etc.) 

• Calculate volume 

Knowledge of: 

• The different controls and motors 

• Types of ventilation materials 

• Ventilation ductwork 

• Ventilation standards and local codes 

Task 9: Identify Building Insulation (attic, walls and foundation) 

Ability to: 

• Identify insulation type 

• Identify insulation amount (thickness, etc.) 

• Identify insulation condition 

• Identify presence and placement of vapor retarder 

• Identify location of insulation (exposure, aligned with pressure plane and thermal 

boundary, etc.) 

• Identify areas of insulation opportunities 

• Probe 

• Work in confined spaces 

Knowledge of: 

• Building science 

• Insulation effectiveness 

• Insulation R-Values 

• Insulation placement 

• OSHA safety requirements 

Task 10: Collect Attic Data 

Ability to: 

• Identify attic components 

• Measure attic/roof cavities 

• Measure attic areas 

• Measure attic framing 

• Determine existing ventilation (soffit, can, ridge, type and size, power ventilators, etc.) 

• Identify sources/signs of water damage 

• Identify infiltration points 

• Identify point(s) of access 

• Identify electrical hazards 

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• Identify pest/vermin infestations 

• Determine structural integrity 

• Identify whole house fan 

• Determine attic uses 

• Note the existence of radiant barriers 

• Identify existence of baffles 

• Use ladders 

• Work in confined spaces 

Knowledge of: 

• Attic components 

• Electrical hazards 

• General construction terms 

• How to calculate the area and volume of building spaces 

• Infiltration points 

• Safety hazards in an attic (nails, rafters, heat exposure, etc.) 

• Signs of water damage 

• Signs of pest/vermin infestations 

• Thermography 

• Types of ladders based on the situation 

• Ventilation requirements 

Task 11: Collect Wall Data 

Ability to: 

• Identify wall type (interior, exterior, components) 

• Identify framing method 

• Measure wall areas 

• Identify wall orientation 

• Identify cavity depth 

• Identify source and signs of any water damage 

• Identify infiltration points 

• Identify signs of pest/vermin infestation 

• Identify orientation using online mapping tools 

• Use a compass 

Knowledge of: 

• General construction 

• Building science 

• Compass orientations 

• Infiltration points 

• Typical wall framing and components 

Skills in: 

• Basic math 

• Logical thinking 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 575
 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

Task 12: Collect Window Data 

Ability to: 

• Identify window type (jalousie, awning, single-hung, double hung, etc.) 

• Identify window frame type 

• Identify window glazing type 

• Identify exterior shading 

• Identify window operation/leakiness 

• Measure window area 

• Count number of windows 

• Identify window orientation 

•

Knowle

Identify general window conditions 

• Code requirements pertaining to window glazing (walkways, etc.) 

dge of: 

• OSHA safety requirements 

• SHPO requirements 

• Window construction, components and nomenclature 

Task 13: Collect Door Data 

Ability to: 

• Identify door type and swing 

• Measure door area 

• Count number of doors 

• Identify door conditions 

• Identify condition of door sweep and weather stripping 

• Identify door hardware condition 

Knowledge of: 

• Door components, hardware and nomenclature 

• Door construction 

• Door operation and adjustments 

Skill in: 

• Basic math 

Task 14: Collect Foundation Data 

Ability to: 

• Identify foundation types (crawlspace, basement, or slab) 

• Identify foundation materials 

• Measure floor areas 

• Identify infiltration points 

• Measure exposed walls 

• Measure thickness of foundations 

• Identify sources and signs of moisture 

• Identify points of access 

• Identify electrical hazards 

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Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

• Identify signs of pest/vermin infestations 

• Determine structural integrity 

• Identify special equipment (sump pumps, etc.) 

• Measure the crawlspace ventilation 

• Record the location of any plumbing pipes 

• Work in confined spaces 

• Measure 

Knowledge of: 

• General construction 

• Basic Electricity 

• Basic Plumbing 

• Building science 

• Codes and standards adopted by the local jurisdiction 

• Crawlspace ventilation requirements 

• Foundation construction materials and methods 

• OSHA safety requirements 

• Potential sources of moisture 

• Signs of moisture 

• Signs of pests/vermin 

• Signs of structural hazards on foundations 

• Structures typically found in foundations 

• Types of foundations 

Skill in: 

• Observation 

Task 15: Collect Roof Data 

Ability to: 

• Identify roof conditions 

• Identify roof color 

• Identify roofing materials (90 lb paper, rubber, etc.) 

• Identify condition of parapet walls 

• Identify roof penetrations 

• Identify roof debris (garbage, old air conditioners, etc.) 

• Identify roof ventilation (passive vents) 

• Identify roof drainage 

• Identify roof pitch 

• Measure roof area 

• Note flashing condition 

• Identify roof access 

• Identify roof exposure and orientation 

• Identify roof insulation (flat roof with no cavity and with rigid insulation) 

• Work at heights 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 577
 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

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• Determine roof pitch 

• Measure areas 

Knowledge of: 

• General construction 

• Insulation materials and methods 

• OSHA safety requirements 

• Roofing construction methods 

• Roofing materials 

DOMAIN III: Testing the Building for an Energy Audit 

Task 1: Prepare for the Test 

Ability to: 

• Determine the test(s) to be performed 

• Inform the client of the test(s) 

• Gather the test tools/equipment 

• Prepare the building for testing based upon manufacturer’s test equipment 

specifications 

• Comprehend manufacturer’s specifications 

• Use test equipment 

Knowledge of: 

• Building diagnostic testing 

• Building science 

• Test equipment 

• Test protocols 

Skill in: 

• Attention to detail 

• Communication 

Task 2: Meter the Appliances 

Ability to: 

• Inspect appliances for test accessibility 

• Plug appliances into the watt hour meter 

• Follow the manufacturer’s guidelines for operation of the watt hour meter 

• Document findings with pictures/forms 

• Read and interpret a watt hour meter 

Knowledge of: 

• Electric appliance metering 

• Electric appliance safety 

Task 3: Conduct Indoor Air Quality Tests 

Ability to: 

• Monitor the ambient CO tests throughout the building 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 578
 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

• Record the highest ambient CO reading 

• Source the CO 

• Determine if the reading exceeds any applicable action levels 

• Identify conditions that promote mold growth (high humidity, cold surface 

condensation, etc.) 

• Follow odors to find source of mildew 

• Visually identify presence of mold-like substance 

• Identify conditions that promote radon infiltration 

• Measure the flow of mechanical ventilation 

• Document findings with pictures/forms 

• Communicate meter results with clients 

• Remain calm under stressful situations 

Knowledge of: 

• ASHRAE maximum allowable CO exposure for living areas 

• Carbon monoxide exposure symptoms 

• Conditions that promote mold growth 

• Conditions that promote radon infiltration 

• EPA action levels 

• How to measure mechanical ventilation 

• NIOSH recommended limit for occupational CO exposure 

• OSHA permissible exposure limits 

Skill in: 

• Remaining dedicated to the cause 

• Detecting unusual odors 

Task 4: Perform Combustion Safety and Efficiency Tests 

Ability to: 

• Visually inspect the fuel supply lines 

• Test for leakage in the fuel supply pipes 

• Verify leaks with bubble solution 

• Perform combustion spillage tests 

• Perform draft tests (including worst case depressurization, scenario, etc.) 

• Measure drafts 

• Conduct combustion efficiency tests (CO2, Oxygen, stack temperature, etc.) 

• Measure CO in combustion appliances (undiluted) 

• Document findings with pictures/forms 

• Identify various heating systems 

• Work in confined spaces 

Knowledge of: 

• Back-draft test protocols 

• Building science 

• Codes and standards adopted by local jurisdiction 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 579
 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

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• Combustion efficiency tests 

• Fuel-line leak testing techniques 

• Heating system configurations 

• How to conduct draft tests 

• How to inspect fuel supply lines 

• How to measure CO in appliances 

• Nationally recognized combustion safety test protocols (BPI, Energy Outwest, Midwest 

Best Practices, etc.) 

• Various venting methods 

• Understanding of what is "worst case": permissible exposures, etc 

Task 5: Perform Blower Door Tests 

Ability to: 

• Perform pre-blower door interior thermographic scan 

• Perform pre-blower door exterior thermographic scan 

• Follow manufacturer's specifications for conducting blower door tests 

• Perform thermographic scan during the blower door operation 

• Perform zone pressure diagnostics (ZPDs) 

• Locate points of infiltration/exfiltration 

• Document findings with pictures/forms 

• Calculate the building tightness limits 

• Interpret blower door results 

Knowledge of: 

• Advanced blower door diagnostics 

• Blower door testing procedures (pressurization, depressurization, etc.) 

• How to assemble and operate a blower door 

• How to evaluate zone pressures 

• Thermography 

• Air sealing limits national standards (BTL, DTL, ACH, BAS, MVG, etc.) 

Skills in: 

• Basic math 

Task 6: Perform HVAC Distribution Tests 

Ability to: 

• Perform forced air system distribution leakage test 

• Verify with building occupants if there is adequate heating and cooling in the building 

• Measure room temperatures 

• Measure the temperatures of the hydronic radiators 

• Perform air flow tests at the registers 

• Measure temperature rise across heat exchangers 

• Measure pressure drop across the coil 

• Inspect hydronic distribution (high, low, valves, etc.) 

• Measure hydronic distribution (radiators, fin tube, etc.) 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 580
 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

V 9.21

• Perform pressure balancing rooms tests (ducted air systems) 

• Document findings with pictures/forms 

• Multi-task 

• Work in confined spaces 

Knowledge of: 

• HVAC testing protocols 

• Air flow 

• How to measure hydronic distribution 

• HVAC terminology 

• Hydronic heating 

• Manufacturer’s specifications for forced air distribution systems 

• Distribution system design 

Skill in: 

• Communication 

• Attention to detail 

DOMAIN IV: Evaluating Collected Energy Audit Data 

Task 1: Evaluate the Health and Safety of the Building 

Ability to: 

• Review collected data to determine if there is health and safety concern 

• Determine if health and safety issues can be addressed through an energy efficiency 

measure and therefore can fall within energy funding 

• Determine the repairs 

• Review the economics of the repairs to determine whether to repair or to defer 

Knowledge of: 

• How to deal with special circumstances (mold, lead, asbestos, etc.) 

• Construction repair methods 

• Costs associated with repairs 

• Energy funding 

Skill in: 

• Basic math 

• Cost estimating 

Task 2: Evaluate the Durability/Structural Integrity of the Building 

Ability to: 

• Review collected data to determine if there is a durability/structural integrity issue 

• Determine if the durability/structural integrity issues can be addressed through an 

energy efficiency measure and therefore can fall within energy funding 

• Determine the durability/structural integrity repairs 

• Review the economics of the repairs to determine whether to repair or to defer 

Knowledge of: 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 581
 

 

 

• Codes and standards adopted by local jurisdiction 

• Costs associated with structural repairs 

• Energy funding 

• Structural repair methods 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

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Skill in: 

• Basic math 

• Cost estimating 

Ability to: 

Task 3: Evaluate the HVAC System 

• Review collected data to determine if there is a HVAC system issue 

• Evaluate the HVAC system for health and safety concerns 

• Evaluate HVAC sizing for potential replacement or upgrades (post shell retrofit) 

• Evaluate the distribution (add trunk lines, radiators, etc. to rooms as needed) 

• Evaluate fuel switching options 

• Evaluate the need to clean and tune versus replace 

• Evaluate the need for and supply of combustion air 

• Evaluate the HVAC system for other issues that lead to replacement or upgrades 

(condition, age, efficiency, etc.) 

• Identify duct sealing/insulation and pipe insulation opportunities 

• Interpret software output 

• Perform load calculations 

• Use ACCA software 

Knowledge of: 

• ACCA manuals 

• BTU content of fuels 

• Energy funding 

• Heating/cooling system operations 

• How to size HVAC systems 

• HVAC load calculations 

• HVAC system repair, replacement or upgrade costs 

• Maximum allowable duct leakage 

• Safety requirements 

Skill in: 

• Basic math 

• Communication 

• Attention to detail 

Task 4: Evaluate the Mechanical Ventilation 

Ability to: 

• Review collected data to determine mechanical ventilation issues 

• Compare flow with ventilation specifications 

• Compare blower door results against IAQ standards 

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Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

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• Assess the need for and placement of additional mechanical ventilation 

• Assess the make-up air source and whether it needs to be filtered 

• Determine the mechanical ventilation repairs, replacement and/or addition 

• Review the economics of the repairs, replacements and/or additions to determine 

whether to proceed or to defer 

• Determine the type of controls needed 

Knowledge of: 

• Energy funding 

• IAQ standards 

• Mechanical ventilation controls 

• Types of ventilation 

• Ventilation flow 

• Ventilation sizing 

Skill in: 

• Basic math 

Task 5: Evaluate Energy Use Base Loads 

Ability to: 

• Review collected data to determine if replacements or upgrades will reduce energy 

consumption 

• Review energy efficient light bulbs for installation 

• Review refrigerator/freezer data for economics of replacement 

• Review domestic water heaters for economics of replacement or repair 

• Review domestic water heater pipe insulation opportunities 

• Review domestic water heater insulation opportunities 

• Review water saving opportunities (water saving shower heads, etc.) 

•

Knowle

Review domestic water heater thermostat setting 

• Codes and standards adopted by local jurisdiction 

dge of: 

• Components of base loads 

• Energy funding 

• How to calculate base loads 

• Pipe insulation 

Task 6: Evaluate the Foundation 

Ability to: 

• Review collected data to determine foundation issues 

• Determine repairs needed 

• Review economics of repairs 

• Determine proper insulation location (floor or wall) 

• Evaluate crawlspace venting needs 

• Evaluate box sills insulation needs 

• Determine if perimeters need to be insulated 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 583
 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

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V 9.21

• Identify type of insulation materials to be added 

• Calculate if adequate ventilation exists or should be added 

• Evaluate the need for vapor barrier 

Knowledge of: 

• Building science 

• Codes and standards adopted by local jurisdiction 

• Energy funding 

• Foundation construction techniques 

• Foundation crawlspace ventilation 

• Foundation insulation 

• Foundation types 

• Foundation vapor barriers 

Task 7: Evaluate the Walls 

Ability to: 

• Review collected data to determine wall issues 

• Evaluate repairs needed and structural integrity 

• Review the economics of repairs to determine whether to repair or defer 

• Determine proper insulation levels 

• Identify type of insulation materials to be added 

• Determine square footage of area to be insulated 

• Ensure pressure plane and thermal boundary align 

• Ensure the vapor retarder is appropriately placed 

Knowledge of: 

• EPA and DOE lead and asbestos standards 

• Building science 

• Codes and standards adopted by local jurisdiction 

• Energy funding 

• Insulation types and appropriateness 

• Pressure planes and thermal boundaries 

• Typical wall structures 

• Vapor barriers in walls 

Task 8: Evaluate the Attic 

Ability to: 

• Review collected data to determine attic issues 

• Evaluate structural integrity and repairs needed 

• Review economic of repairs to determine whether to repair or defer 

• Review insulation location 

• Review insulation type 

• Evaluate whether insulation is appropriate for use 

• Ensure pressure plane and thermal boundary align (air sealing) 

• Ensure the vapor retarder is appropriately placed 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 584
 

 

 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

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V 9.21

• Evaluate attic ventilation existing and required 

• Assess fire hazards (lighting cans, electrical, etc.) 

• Evaluate the need for service access 

Knowledge of: 

• Attic construction and materials 

• Attic fire hazards 

• Attic types 

• Attic ventilation 

• Building science 

• Codes and standards adopted by local jurisdiction 

• Energy funding 

• Insulation types and appropriateness 

• Pressure planes and thermal boundaries 

• Vapor barriers 

Task 9: Evaluate the Doors 

Ability to: 

• Review collected data to determine door issues 

• Evaluate repairs needed and structural integrity (can frame support door replacement, 

etc.) 

• Review economics of repairs to determine whether to repair or replace 

• Evaluate the condition of storm doors (closers, etc.) 

Knowledge of: 

• Codes and standards adopted by local jurisdiction 

• Door framing structures and processes 

• Door types 

• Energy funding 

• Glass types 

Task 10: Evaluate the Windows 

Ability to: 

• Review collected data to determine window issues 

• Evaluate repairs needed and structural integrity 

• Review economic of repairs to determine whether to repair or replace 

• Evaluate window components and performance 

Knowledge of: 

• Building science 

• Codes and standards adopted by local jurisdiction 

• Energy funding 

• Window components 

• Window glazing 

• Window types 

Task 11: Enter Data into Energy Modeling Software 

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Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

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Ability to: 

• Gather all information and data pertaining to the audit 

• Enter the data into energy modeling software 

• Analyze the output from the software 

• Produce a cost and savings report 

• Use a computer 

Knowledge of: 

• Basic construction terms 

• Building science 

• Various types of energy modeling software 

Task 12: Determine the Work Scope 

Ability to: 

• Determine the health and safety measures 

• Determine the building durability measures 

• Determine the energy measures based on the SIR 

• Provide analysis reports (work order) 

• Create reports 

• Create work specifications 

Knowledge of: 

• Building science 

• Codes and standards adopted by local jurisdiction 

• Construction practices and terms 

• Energy modeling software 

• Program rules and standards 

Skill in: 

• Computer usage 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 586
Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

Prime Contract No. DE-AC36-8GO28308

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Crew Leader
 

Job Task Analysis Content Outline
 

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V 9.21

Crew Leader Specifications and Content Outline 

Job Description: A Crew Leader is responsible for supervising the retrofitting activities specified 

in the scope of work. He or she is responsible for interacting with the client plus managing 

personnel and materials on the job site in a safe and effective manner. The Crew Leader is 

responsible for quality control, testing procedures, documentation, and conducting a final walk 

through to ensure that all work is completed in a satisfactory manner. 

Domains/Tasks 

Domain I: Develop and/or Review the Work Order 

Task 1: Identify and disperse necessary paperwork, (e.g. permits, releases, lead-based 

paint EPA requirements, historic preservation, etc.) 

Task 2: Read, evaluate and discuss with relevant others (auditor, coordinator, program 

manager, etc.) both audit and homeowner concerns 

Task 3: Develop strategy for corrective actions necessary to achieve goals 

Task 4: Develop production schedule for crews and subcontractors 

Domain II: Identify Materials and Staffing Needs 

Task 1: Identify skill sets of individuals necessary for job (i.e. crew and contractors) 

Task 2: Identify total hours and number of individuals necessary to safely complete the 

job 

Task 3: Identify and obtain tools and materials necessary to complete job 

Task 4: Identify Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) necessary for job 

Domain III: Develop Plan to Execute Work Order on Site 

Task 1: Establish rapport and expectations with homeowner 

Task 2: Conduct interior and exterior visual home inspection review with crew in order 

to confirm with client the completion of any prerequisite work 

Task 3: Conduct interior and exterior visual home inspection review with crew in order 

to perform initial job site safety inspection 

Task 4: Conduct interior and exterior visual home inspection review with crew in order 

to develop site-specific safety plan to address any unsafe conditions and 

possible hazards and inform crew 

Task 5: Conduct interior and exterior visual home inspection review with crew in order 

to document pre-existing conditions (e.g. cracked window, cracked ceiling and 

walls) 

Task 6 Conduct interior and exterior visual home inspection review with crew in order 

to ensure work areas are accessible and scoped properly 

Task 7: Conduct interior and exterior visual home inspection review with crew in order 

to identify need for job change orders 

Task 8: Conduct interior and exterior visual home inspection review with crew in order 

to adjust work schedule as needed 

Task 9: Conduct informative walk through with homeowner to explain what crew will be 

doing and answer questions and concerns 

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Task 10: Conduct informative walk through with homeowner to verify specific 

homeowner issues (allergies, valuable items, etc.) 

Task 11: Conduct informative walk through with homeowner to obtain all necessary signoffs before work begins 

Domain IV: Prepare House to Execute Work Order 

Task 1: Protect interior/exterior of house (e.g. with drop cloths, poly, Tyvek booties, 

pressurization) 

Task 2: Set up proper containment, if necessary 

Task 3: Test in (e.g. blower door, room to room pressure tests, IR scans, combustion 

appliances) 

Task 4: Revise work order if necessary to reflect current conditions 

Domain V: Execute Work Order and Manage Project 

Task 1: Monitor safety practices for employees, contractors and job site 

Task 2: Communicate with and support crew to ensure job efficiency (e.g. unforeseen 

circumstances, materials and tools not originally specified) 

Task 3: Document work progression and work order changes with photos and notes 

Task 4: Maintain quality control 

Task 5: Clean up containment zones as necessary 

Task 6: Communicate with homeowner as necessary 

Task 7: Monitor use of resources (e.g. materials, manpower) 

Task 8: Verify that installers track and document material usage 

Task 9: Actively mentor crew (e.g. safety, work practices, professionalism) 

Task 10: Monitor contractor for job site compliance 

Task 11: Conduct daily final walk through to verify that all components of that day’s work 

scope have been completed and cleaned up appropriately 

Domain VI: Job Finalization Activities 

Task 1: Walk through to verify that all components of the work scope have been 

completed 

Task 2: Test out (e.g. blower door, IR scans, worst-case draft, combustion testing) 

Task 3: Complete clean up 

Task 4: Final walk through with homeowner/responsible party 

Domain VII: Final Documentation 

Task 1: Obtain homeowner/ responsible party job-completion sign-off signature 

Task 2: Complete all final job documentation (e.g. materials, man hours, photos, time 

sheets, certified renovator signatures) 

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Safe Work Practice Skills 

Knowledge of: 

• U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) program regulations/policy and Environmental 

Protection Agency (EPA) guidelines for asbestos, lead, mold, and other health hazards 

• Material Safety Data Sheets 

• Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA) standards 

• Ladder safety 

• Fall protection 

• Personal protective equipment 

• Respiratory protection 

• Safe motor vehicle operation 

• Power-operated tools and machinery used on the job site 

• Fire prevention 

• Permit-required confined spaces 

• OSHA 30 Construction Safety Outreach Training 

• Other worker-related OSHA standards (e.g. scaffolding, aerial lifts) 

Demonstrate the ability to: 

• Select and use the appropriate Personal Protection Equipment for a particular task 

• Safely use basic hand and power tools 

• Use a basic first aid kit to treat common job-site injuries 

• Work lead safe 

• Identify serious mold conditions 

• Assess work area safety hazards 

• Use CPR, first aid and AED as required 

General Knowledge, Skills and Abilities 

Knowledge of: 

• Federal, state and local codes, regulations and requirements 

• Building science (e.g. heat, moisture, pressure flow; ventilation; thermal and pressure 

boundary) 

• Building techniques and terminology (e.g. critical junctures, flooring systems, crawl 

spaces, roof framing, mechanical systems) 

• Building materials (e.g. dry wall, insulation, house wrap, windows) 

• Retrofit techniques (e.g. air tightening, duct sealing, insulation) 

• What certifications are required for each job task 

• Material inventory and availability 

• Material performance 

• All activities being performed by crews and contractors on site 

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Ability to: 

• Read and interpret the audit report 

• Integrate information from multiple sources 

• Estimate time required to complete each component of the work scope 

• Sequence required tasks 

• Assess crew member and contractor capabilities 

• Estimate job and personnel requirements based on conditions 

• Estimate amount of materials needed to complete job 

• Communicate at an appropriate level (e.g. technical to layman level, language barriers) 

• Relate well with others in tactful and professional manner 

• Conduct oneself in an ethical manner 

• Identify materials and methods appropriate for the current job 

• Job coach and relay retrofit techniques appropriately 

• Install appropriate containment zones with best practices 

• Perform and record all diagnostic procedures (e.g. blower door, manometer, duct 

blower, combustion analyzer) 

• Assess skills and recommend additional formal training for crew and contractors 

• Manage multiple operations and/or sites 

• Use construction math (e.g. measure and compute area, volume, circumference) 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 591
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Retrofit Installer/Technician
 

Job Task Analysis Content Outline
 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 592
 

 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

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Retrofit Installer/Technician Specifications and Content Outline 

Job Description: A Retrofit Installer/Technician installs energy-efficiency measures to single 

family or 2-4 unit-homes using a variety of building science best practices to improve safety, 

comfort, durability, indoor air quality, and energy efficiency. 

Domains/Tasks 

Domain I: Maintain Safety 

Task 1: Follow work rules of jurisdiction having authority 

Task 2: Handle materials/equipment according to manufacturer specifications 

Task 3: Handle tools according to manufacturer specifications 

Domain II: Prepare for the Job (before arriving to job site) 

Task 1: Attend training 

Task 2: Gather materials and supplies 

Task 3: Gather tools 

Domain III: Prepare and Maintain Tools and Materials On-site 

Task 1: Set up tools 

Task 2: Set up materials 

Domain IV: Prepare and Maintain Job Site 

Task 1: Attend job site safety meeting 

Task 2: Implement safety protocol (rigging, ventilation, blocking) 

Task 3: Use protective barriers (drop cloths) 

Task 4: Report preexisting conditions (that are not in scope) 

Task 5: Protect exterior environment 

Domain V: Implement Work Scope 

Task 1: Locate specific work areas 

Task 2: Verify access to work areas 

Task 3a: Install air sealing measures 

Task 3b: Install loose fill insulation 

Task 3c: Install or patch moisture barriers 

Task 3d: Install ventilation 

Task 3e: Install mechanical systems 

Task 3f: Commission equipment/systems 

Task 3g: Confirm and ensure combustion safety 

Task 3h: Install dense pack insulation 

Task 3i: Install windows and doors 

Task 3j: Install electrical (rough-in, fans) 

Task 3k: Install plumbing 

Task 3l: Install roofing and flashing 

Task 4: Clean as you go (organize) 

Task 5: Address deviations from work scope 

Domain VI: Wrap Up 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 593
Task 1: Pick up tools and materials 

Task 2: Clean up and close out 

Task 3: Participate in crew debriefing (after action review, post construction job review) 

Subcontract No. AGN-0-40311-01 

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DOMAIN I: Maintain Safety 

Task 1: Follow Work Rules of Jurisdiction having Authority 

Ability to: 

• Read or hear safety documents 

• Implement safety procedures 

• Report safety concerns and violations 

• Wear safety equipment 

• Attend safety meetings/trainings 

• Request safety training 

• Install safety guards 

Knowledge of: 

• Installation procedures 

• Manufacturer's specifications 

• OSHA 

• Safety systems 

Task 2: Handle Materials/Equipment According to Manufacturer Specifications 

Ability to: 

• Read or hear manufacturers specifications/MSDS 

• Store and maintain materials/equipment according to manufacturers specs/MSDS 

Knowledge of: 

• Manufacturer's specifications 

Task 3: Handle Tools According to Manufacturer Specifications 

Ability to: 

• Read or hear manufacturers specifications 

• Store and maintain tools according to manufacturers specs 

Knowledge of: 

• Manufacturer's specifications 

DOMAIN II: Prepare for the Job (before arriving at job site) 

Task 1: Attend Training 

Ability to: 

• Participate in training 

• Identify strengths and weaknesses of yourself 

• Modify installation practice based on training 

• Sign in to training 

Knowledge of: 

• Existing practice 

• Safety procedures 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 595
 

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Task 2: Gather Materials and Supplies 

Ability to: 

• Review materials list 

• Compare materials to work scope 

• Verify and protect materials condition 

• Organize materials (put in truck, pull from truck, etc.) 

• Report missing or deficient material 

Knowledge of: 

• Compatibility 

• Material handling 

• Materials 

• Materials limits 

• MSDS
 

• Physical limits of materials 

• Work scope 

Task 3: Gather Tools 

Ability to: 

• Review tool list 

• Compare tools to work scope 

• Verify and protect tools condition 

• Load/unload tools 

• Report missing or deficient tool 

• Modify tools for specific job requirements (change bits/blades) 

Knowledge of: 

• Work scope 

• Manufacturer's specifications 

• Materials handling 

• Lifting safety 

• Normal tool operations 

DOMAIN III: Prepare and Maintain Tools and Materials On-site 

Task 1: Set Up Tools 

Ability to: 

• Unload tools from vehicle 

• Connect attachments 

• Plug in tools 

• Verify operational status 

• Perform routine maintenance 

• Report deficiencies 

Knowledge of: 

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• Carrying techniques 

• Double insulated tools 

• Electrical safety 

• GFCI
 

• Lifting techniques 

• Manufacturer's specifications 

• Normal operations 

• Tool recognition 

• Work scope 

Task 2: Set Up Materials 

Ability to: 

• Unload materials from vehicle 

• Organize materials 

• Confirm materials match work specification 

• Maintain integrity of materials 

• Report deficiencies 

Knowledge of: 

• Job site 

• Lifting techniques 

• Materials 

• Materials limits and characteristics 

• Work scope 

DOMAIN IV: Prepare and Maintain Job Site 

Task 1: Attend Job Site Safety Meeting 

Ability to: 

• Attend 

• Participate 

• Sign in 

Task 2: Implement Safety Protocol (rigging, ventilation, blocking) 

Ability to: 

• Set up safety masking and drop cloths 

• Set up ventilation in confined spaces 

• Set up task lighting 

• Hook up to fall protection 

• Set up ladders, scaffolding, climbing equipment 

• Put on personal protective equipment 

• Lock out/tag out 

• Inspect work area for hazards 

• Report work area hazards 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 597
 

 

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Knowledge of: 

• Combustibles 

• Confined spaces 

• Electrical safety 

• EPA lead safety 

• Equipment operation 

• Fall protection 

• Fit test 

• Hazard recognition 

• Lanyards 

• Local codes 

• Manufacturer's specifications 

• Materials 

• OSHA 

• Personal protection 

• Safety protocols 

• Ventilation systems and requirements 

• Work scope 

Task 3: Use Protective Barriers (drop cloths) 

Ability to: 

• Move furniture (confirm permission) 

• Cover furniture/storage areas/clothes in closets 

• Protect furniture 

• Protect floors 

• Follow safe practices, including lead safe practices (EPA) 

• Place drop cloths, tack mats 

• Use designated facilities (eating, bathroom, smoke break) 

Knowledge of: 

• Adjacent characteristics 

• Electronics 

• EPA lead safety 

• Flooring characteristics 

• Lifting techniques 

• Materials characteristics 

• Safe practices 

• Work scope 

Task 4: Report Preexisting Conditions (that are not in scope) 

Ability to: 

• Identify preexisting conditions (aesthetic/structural) 

• Report preexisting conditions 

• Report difficult to access places (excessive customer stuff, customer behavior issues) 

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Knowledge of: 

• General construction 

• Work scope 

Task 5: Protect Exterior Environment 

Ability to: 

• Control dust and debris created by equipment from construction activities 

• Protect landscaping (covering, using limiting stakes) 

• Check for oil leaks 

• Report mishaps (spills, cracks) 

Knowledge of: 

• Work scope 

• Retaining walls 

• General landscape knowledge 

• Containment requirements 

DOMAIN V: Implement Work Scope 

Task 1: Locate Specific Work Areas 

Ability to: 

• Review the work scope 

• Walk the job site 

• Find mechanicals 

Knowledge of: 

• General construction 

• General mechanical knowledge 

• Job site specifics 

• Work scope 

Task 2: Verify Access to Work Areas 

Ability to: 

• Confirm approval for start of work 

• Work with crew chief to get access to areas (moving personal belongings, getting into 

crawl space, etc.) 

• Remove obstructions for start of work 

Knowledge of: 

• Work scope 

• General construction 

• Job site 

• Lifting safety 

Task 3a: Install Air Sealing Measures 

Ability to: 

• Identify leaks and bypasses 

• Select materials 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 599
 

 

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• Look for fire code violations 

• Block large openings 

• Hand seal gaps and cracks 

• Check the seal is complete 

Knowledge of: 

• Clearances 

• Fire code 

• Framing components 

• How to operate a blower 

• How to utilize tracer gas 

• Leak site 

• Material capability (e.g. temperature limits, width of span of sealant) 

• Material capability (e.g. temperature limits, width of span of sealant) 

• Material durability 

• Material strength 

• Penetrations 

• Tolerances 

Task 3b: Install Loose Fill Insulation 

Ability to: 

• Confirm air sealing is complete 

• Confirm exhaust fans ducted to outside and insulated 

• Confirm HVAC duct work is intact, sealed, supported, and insulated 

• Confirm clearance to combustibles 

• Confirm clearance to electrical 

• Install baffles, blocking, platforms, and insulation dams 

• Install vertical insulation (6-sided boxes, knee walls) 

• Install horizontal insulation 

• Compare material use to coverage required (bags consumed) 

Knowledge of: 

• Clearance 

• Combustibles 

• Component analysis 

• Coverage charts 

• Depth markers 

• Duct requirements 

• General carpentry 

• How to draw a floor plan 

• How to operate a blower 

• Insulation requirements 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 600
 

• Manufacturer's specifications for installations 

• Materials 

• Rigid board types 

• R-Values 

• Termination requirements 

• Thermal barriers 

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Task 3c: Install or Patch Moisture Barriers 

Ability to: 

• Confirm positive drainage, or notify of stop work items 

• Remove all organic/inorganic materials 

• Install moisture barrier and seal joints and seams 

• Verify flashing is installed 

• Identify and locate moisture sources 

• Report bulk moisture concerns 

Knowledge of: 

• Flashing locations 

• Grading issues 

• Gravity 

• Installation standards 

• Materials 

• Moisture problems 

• Moisture symptoms 

• Roof slope changes 

• Where to look for moisture 

Task 3d: Install Ventilation 

Ability to: 

• Uncrate equipment 

• Remove old equipment 

• Confirm electrical and plumbing requirements are in place 

• Cut openings in building 

• Install venting system and vent terminations 

• Install, air seal, and insulate ducting system 

• Confirm installation is complete 

Knowledge of: 

• Building science 

• Equipment disconnects 

• Equipment requirements 

• Equipment shut offs 

• Framing 

• How to conduct duct leak tests 

• How to read duct diagrams 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 601
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• Manufacturer's specifications 

• Penetration locations 

• Protection of materials 

• Smoke tests of joints 

• Use of power tools 

• Utility knife safety 

Task 3e: Install Mechanical Systems 

Ability to: 

• Uncrate and verify equipment 

• Remove old equipment 

• Confirm electrical requirements are in place 

• Confirm plumbing requirements are in place 

• Confirm fuel requirements are in place 

• Cut openings in building 

• Install equipment and renewable systems 

• Install or reconnect return and distribution systems (hot water, steam, hydronic, 

forced air, etc.) 

• Provide return path 

• Install, air seal, and insulate ducting system 

• Confirm installation is complete 

• Connect or install combustion vent system exhaust 

Knowledge of: 

• Cavity protection 

• Circuit testers 

• Circulating pumps 

• Code requirements 

• Connectors 

• Disconnects 

• EPA safety 

• Equipment requirements 

• Flow 

• Flow through system 

• Framing 

• General carpentry 

• How to lock joints 

• Insulation 

• Leakage of ducts 

• Manufacturer's specifications 

• Mastics 

• Penetration locations 

• Piping 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 602
• Protection of materials 

• Sheet metal 

• Shut offs 

• Slope 

• System attachments 

• Temperature of conditioned space 

• Use of power tools 

• Utility knife safety 

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3f: Commission Equipment/Systems 

Ability to: 

• Verify all connections 

• Verify operation 

• Adjust to OEM specifications 

• Report results 

Knowledge of: 

• Design specifications 

• Gas pressure tests 

• Manufacturer's specifications 

• OEM specifications 

• Types of materials for appliances 

Task 3g: Confirm and Ensure Combustion Safety 

Ability to: 

• Check for safety issues -- ambient (gas leaks, CO, toxins) 

• Set up house for natural conditions 

• Run combustion equipment in proper sequence 

• Check for draft under worst case 

• Report findings 

Knowledge of: 

• Combustion safety testing 

• Draft testing 

• Natural conditions 

• Safety protocols 

• Use of tools 

• Venting systems 

• Worse case set-up 

Task 3h: Install Dense Pack Insulation 

Ability to: 

• Fine tune machine for application (density) 

• Locate drill points 

• Confirm building component integrity 

• Get access to all building cavities, locate all horizontal blocks 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 603
 

• Check for hazards 

• Fill first cavity and confirm density stops air leakage 

• Readjust machine 

• Fill all cavities 

• Compare material use to coverage required (bags consumed) 

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• Plug hole, patch weather barrier, put siding back, seal openings, caulk joints 

Knowledge of: 

• Basic math skills 

• Blower door testing 

• Building structures 

• Dense pack procedures 

• Drill points 

• Equipment 

• Framing 

• General carpentry 

• Hazards 

• How to probe 

• Limitations of components 

• Materials 

• Smoke testing 

• Strength of components 

• Testing procedures 

• Velocity of insulation material during installation 

Task 3i: Install Windows and Doors 

Ability to: 

• Remove old windows and doors 

• Check and install waterproofing, flashing 

• Install windows and doors 

• Install air barrier and ensure drainage 

• Verify air tightness and drainage 

Knowledge of: 

• 1/16 inch accuracy 

• Air 

• Basic math skills 

• Building techniques 

• Building codes 

• Building practices 

• Building science 

• Drainage planes 

• EPA lead safety 

• Fasteners 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 604
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• Flashing techniques 

• General carpentry 

• Manufacturer's specifications 

• Materials 

• Pressure 

• Quality installations 

• Vapor barriers 

• Window and door types 

Task 3j: Install Electrical (rough-in, fans) 

Ability to: 

• Resolve hazards 

• Provide power to new equipment/appliance 

• Install or repair circuit 

• Install or repair lighting 

• Install or repair controls 

• Seal penetrations and replace insulation 

• Install systems, including photovoltaic 

Knowledge of: 

• Appliance requirements 

• Building codes 

• Building science 

• Circuitry 

• Clearances 

• Efficiency 

• Fire code 

• Local codes 

• Manufacturer's specifications 

• Materials 

• NEC 

• Potential damage 

• Trade-specific knowledge 

• Wiring 

Task 3k: Install Plumbing 

Ability to: 

• Remove old equipment 

• Resolve hazards 

• Provide hookups 

• Install or repair fixtures 

• Install equipment including renewable systems 

• Seal penetrations and replace insulation 

• Check for draft 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 605
 

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• Install simple efficiency measures (low-flow fixtures, pipe wrap insulation) 

•

Knowle

Install advanced efficiency measures (hot water loop, on demand water heaters, on 

demand remote, solar) 

dge of: 

• Advanced plumbing knowledge 

• Asbestos 

• Basic carpentry 

• BPI combustion safety 

• Brazing 

• Building codes 

• Building science 

• Combustible clearances 

• Domestic water heaters 

• Drainage 

• Electrical knowledge 

• Fuel gas code 

• Gas fitting 

• Gas fitting code 

• Gaskets 

• Grading 

• Interior finish 

• Local hazards 

• Manufacturer's specifications 

• Materials 

• Pipe fitting 

• Pipe insulation 

• Piping 

• Smooth wrench surfaces 

• Tapes 

• Temperature requirements 

• Venting 

• Vermin hazards 

Task 3l: Install Roofing and Flashing 

Ability to: 

• Identify leak sources 

• Repair leak source 

• Remove roofing system 

• Install roofing system 

• Insulate roof deck 

• Install attic ventilation 

• Flash new penetrations 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 606
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Knowledge of: 

• Building science 

• Carpentry 

• Clearances 

• Debris control 

• Drainage 

• Drainage plane 

• Fall protection 

• Fasteners 

• Flashing 

• General carpentry 

• Gravity 

• Live load 

• Local building codes 

• Manufacturer's specifications 

• Materials 

• Math skills 

• Product installations 

• Roofing systems 

• Tools 

Task 4: Clean as You Go (organize) 

Ability to: 

• Return tools to central area 

• Pick up material drops 

• Return belongings 

• Clean work area 

Knowledge of: 

• Disposable materials 

• Dust containment 

• EPA lead safety 

• Materials MSDS 

• Safety knowledge 

• Safety requirements 

• Solvents 

• Tool inventory 

• Tool safety 

Task 5: Address Deviations from Work Scope 

Ability to: 

• Identify deviation 

• Report deviation 

• Request direction for modified work scope 

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• Implement modified work scope 

Knowledge of: 

• Work scope 

DOMAIN VI: Wrap Up 

Task 1: Pick Up Tools and Materials 

Ability to: 

• Inventory tools and materials used 

• Clean tools and materials 

• Store tools and materials 

• Report lost or broken items 

Knowledge of: 

• Basic math skills 

• Manufacturer's specifications 

• Materials 

• Solvents 

• Tool safety 

• Value of materials 

Task 2: Clean Up and Close Out 

Ability to: 

• Break down barriers 

• Pick up protective barriers 

• Contain hazardous materials 

• Contain and dispose of materials and waste 

• Dust, vacuum, mop, scrub, rake 

• Restore occupant belongings 

• Participate in final walk through inside and outside, including restoring mechanical 

systems 

• Report to crew chief for final inspection 

Knowledge of: 

• Disposal procedures 

• EPA lead safety 

• Hazardous materials 

• Local codes 

• Local facilities 

• MSDS
 

• Safe lifting practices 

• Safety procedures 

• Work scope 

Task 3: Participate in Crew Debriefing (after action review, post construction job review) 

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Ability to: 

• Attend meeting 

• Report deficient knowledge (more instruction for installer) 

• Report what went well and what went wrong 

• Discuss homeowner concerns, complaints, and complements 

• Offer additional safety suggestions 

Knowledge of: 

• Safety procedures 

• Work scope 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 609
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Quality Control Inspector
 

Job Task Analysis Content Outline
 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 610
 

 

 

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Quality Control Inspector Specifications and Content Outline 

Job Description: A Quality Control Inspector is an evaluator who verifies the work performed 

against the work plan, specifications and standards, performs building diagnostics, 

records/reports findings and concerns, and specifies corrective actions; by conducting a 

methodological audit/inspection of the building, performing safety and diagnostic tests, and by 

observing the retrofit work; in order to ensure the completion, appropriateness and quality of 

the work providing for the safety, comfort, and energy savings of the building occupants. 

Domains/Tasks 

Domain I: Conducting Quality Checks - In-Process Visual/Sensory Inspections 

Task 1: Verify worker compliance with safety rules 

Task 2: Assure worker professionalism 

Task 3: Address work problems 

Task 4: Evaluate client satisfaction regarding the in-process work 

Domain II: 

Task 1: 

Conducting Quality Checks - Post-Work Visual/Sensory Inspection 

Review client file and the work scope 

Task 2: Perform an exterior and interior visual/sensory inspection 

Task 3: Evaluate client satisfaction 

Task 4: Determine pass/fail of the work 

Domain III: Conducting Quality Checks - Post-Work Diagnostic Inspections 

Task 1: Conduct health and safety tests 

Task 2: Conduct diagnostic tests 

Task 3: Identify work problems 

Domain IV: Ensuring Worker Professionalism 

Task 1: Perform spot checks 

Task 2: Provide feedback regarding professionalism 

Domain V: Ensuring Program or Project Compliance 

Task 1: 

Task 2: 

Maintain professional credentials 

Confirm the allocation of public/private funds 

Task 3: Evaluate installed measures against the field guide, SWS and state/local codes 

Task 4: Close out the project 

Task 5: Maintain files and records 

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DOMAIN I: Conducting Quality Checks - In-Process Visual/Sensory Inspections 

Task 1: Verify Worker Compliance with Safety Rules 

Ability to: 

• Walk around the job site 

• Observe the workers 

• Observe the site conditions 

• Interview the crew chief 

• Work in confined spaces 

Knowledge of: 

• Basic construction knowledge 

• Codes and standards adopted by the local jurisdiction 

• Federal Regulations (OSHA, EPA, etc.) 

• First aid 

• Interview techniques 

Skill in: 

• Communication 

• Observation techniques 

Task 2: Assure Worker Professionalism 

Ability to: 

• Conduct client interviews 

• Evaluate the job site (trash, cleanliness, etc.) 

• Verify that workers are familiar with their employers' code of conduct 

• Observe the behavior of the workers 

Knowledge of: 

• Awareness of the employers' requirements 

• Knowledge of positive reinforcement techniques 

Skill in: 

• Communication 

• Observation 

• Remaining tactful 

Task 3: Address Work Problems 

Ability to: 

• Review the work against the work plan 

• Observe worker skills 

• Check materials being installed (proper materials and quality of materials) 

• Observe sequencing of the components being installed 

• Verify the condition and capacity of the equipment 

• Determine need to conduct diagnostic tests 

• Conduct diagnostic tests 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 612
 

 

• Document process issues and missed opportunities for change orders 

• Revise work orders 

• Redirect retrofit work 

• Discuss issues with the crew chief 

• Demonstrate proper methods to installers 

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• Discuss missed opportunities with the auditor 

Knowledge of: 

• Basic building science 

• Codes and standards adopted by the local jurisdiction 

• Building materials 

• Construction tools and use 

• Construction work practices 

• Documentation procedures 

• Installation methods 

• Standards and specifications 

• Test protocols 

• Various diagnostic tests 

Skill In: 

• Communication 

• Being diplomatic 

• Observation 

• Training 

Task 4: Evaluate Client Satisfaction Regarding the In-Process Work 

Ability to: 

• Interview the client 

• Observe client behavior (is the client uncomfortable, are the workers affecting the 

client, etc.) 

• Document findings 

• Communicate findings to the crew chief or other responsible parties 

Knowledge of: 

• Interview techniques 

Skill in: 

• Communication 

• Observation 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 613
 

 

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DOMAIN II: Conducting Quality Checks - Post-Work Visual/Sensory Inspections 

Task 1: Review Client File and the Work Scope 

Ability to: 

• Review the audit 

• Review the work order 

• Review the invoices or job completion report 

• Review diagnostic test results provided by installers 

• Interpret diagnostic test results 

• Interpret invoices 

• Interpret work order 

• Reconcile audit to work order to invoice 

Knowledge of: 

• Program or project requirements 

• Diagnostic procedures 

• The audit process 

• Job costing 

Task 2: Perform an Exterior and Interior Visual/Sensory Inspection 

Ability to: 

• Perform exterior and interior walk around 

• Compare observations of exterior/interior to the client file (work order, audit, invoices, 

etc). 

• Verify installed components 

• Note any anomalies or potentially missed opportunities or audit discrepancies 

• Identify damage done by contractors/workers 

• Document non-conformance or exceptional work with camera 

• Identify additional building specific diagnostic tests 

Knowledge of: 

• Audit processes 

• Basic building science 

• Building materials 

• Codes and standards adopted by the local jurisdiction 

• Construction work practices 

• Installation methods 

• Standards and specifications 

• Test protocols 

• Various diagnostic tests 

Skill in: 

• Analytical thinking 

• Basic math 

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• Basic tool use 

• Observation 

• Organization 

Task 3: Evaluate Client Satisfaction 

Ability to: 

• Conduct client specific interview (behavior changes, client education, comfort, 

satisfaction) 

• Conduct program specific interview (worker performance, process, scheduling, value, 

opportunities for improvement) 

• Observe client behavior (thermostat settings, attire, manual weather stripping, 

windows open, etc) 

• Document client feedback 

• Take corrective actions (as necessary) 

Knowledge of: 

• Client education 

• Installed components 

Skill in: 

• Communication 

• Listening 

• Mediation 

• Observation 

• Remaining tactful 

Task 4: Determine Pass/Fail of the Work 

Ability to: 

• Review results of visual/sensory inspection 

• Review results of diagnostic tests 

• Make a pass/fail determination 

• Obtain client sign-off if passed 

• Report inspection approval if passed 

• Identify work problems if failed 

• Generate a punch list if failed 

Knowledge of: 

• Basic building science 

• Diagnostic thresholds 

• Codes and standards adopted by the local jurisdiction 

• Standards and specifications 

Skill in: 

• Making decisions 

• Being accurate 

• Analytical thinking 

• Attention to detail 

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• Remaining tactful 

DOMAIN III: Conducting Quality Checks - Post-Work Diagnostic Inspections 

Task 1: Conduct Health and Safety Tests 

Ability to: 

• Perform combustion tests (heating systems, domestic water heater, ovens, stoves, 

fireplaces, etc.) 

• Perform ventilation system tests 

• Conduct moisture evaluations 

• Conduct electrical safety tests 

Knowledge of: 

• Codes and standards adopted by the local jurisdiction 

• Combustion safety protocols 

• First aid 

• Heating systems 

• Moisture issues 

• Safety issues 

Skill in: 

• Analytical thinking 

Task 2: Conduct Diagnostic Tests 

Ability to: 

• Perform blower door tests 

• Perform pressure pan test 

• Conduct zone tests 

• Perform fan flow tests 

• Perform infrared scans 

• Perform duct leakage tests 

• Perform electric circuit tests 

• Perform refrigerant tests 

• Conduct appliance tests 

• Conduct domestic water heater temperature tests 

• Record the results of all tests 

Knowledge of: 

• Basic building science 

• Diagnostic testing protocols 

• Manufacturers' specifications 

• Program requirements 

Skill in: 

• Attention to detail 

Task 3: Identify Work Problems 

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Ability to: 

• Review the results of all tests 

• Compare results against field guide notes 

• Compare results against pre-test data 

• Compare results against work plan projections 

• Identify missed opportunities 

• Determine deficiencies 

• Target deficiencies for corrective actions 

• Generate a punch list 

• Interpret data 

• Make decisions 

• Read a flowchart 

Knowledge of: 

• Basic building science 

• Field guides 

• Codes and standards adopted by the local jurisdiction 

• Standards and specifications 

• Testing protocols 

Skill in: 

• Analytical thinking 

• Communication 

DOMAIN IV: Ensuring Worker Professionalism 

Task 1: Perform Spot Checks 

Ability to: 

• Visit in-process job sites 

• Conduct random sampling of job site documents 

• Conduct random sampling of worker credentials 

• Observe the workers 

• Interview the client 

• Interview trade workers on the job 

• Interview others at the job site 

• Ability to observe without interfering 

Knowledge of: 

• Credentialing requirements for workers 

• Professional behavior and code of conduct 

• Program and agency guidelines 

• Required documentation 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 617
 

 

 

 

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Skill in: 

• Attention to detail 

• Communication 

• Listening 

• Observation 

• Remaining tactful 

Task 2: Provide Feedback Regarding Professionalism 

Ability to: 

• Document incidences of lack of professionalism 

• Document positive incidences of professionalism 

• Communicate with crew chief or appropriate party regarding professionalism 

incidences 

• Assure client of corrective measures 

• Assist in training workers 

Knowledge of: 

• Professional behavior and code of conduct 

• Required documentation 

Skill in: 

• Remaining impartial 

• Communication 

DOMAIN V: Ensuring Program or Project Compliance 

Task 1: Maintain Professional Credentials 

Ability to: 

• Continue education and training 

• Maintain professional licenses and/or certifications 

• Maintain memberships in professional organizations (REPA, ACI, Energy Outwest, 

NARI, etc.) 

• Participate in industry activities (JTAs, etc.) 

Knowledge of: 

• Licensure and certification requirements 

Task 2: Confirm the Allocation of Public/Private Funds 

Ability to: 

• Review work orders 

• Flag instances where work completed doesn't match funding requirements 

• Guard against cost overruns 

• Report disallowed costs 

Knowledge of: 

• Scopes of work 

• Allowable activities under funding sources 

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• Maximum allowable caps on funding sources 

Skill in: 

• Analytical thinking 

• Attention to detail 

Task 3: Evaluate Installed Measures Against the Field Guide, Standard Work Specifications 

and State/Local Codes 

Ability to: 

• Compare work completed with the accepted practices 

• Identify work that does not meet accepted practices 

• Determine if problem is a material problem or a work problem 

• Suggest program change recommendations 

• Recommend education for auditors and installers 

• Ability to aggregate information 

• Ability to identify gaps in training 

• Ability to write a report 

Knowledge of: 

• Basic building science 

• Codes and standards adopted by the local jurisdiction 

• Industry standards 

• Program requirements 

• Training curriculum 

Skill in: 

• Analytical thinking 

• Remaining tactful 

Task 4: Close out the Project 

Ability to: 

• Ensure all punch-list items have been completed 

• Assemble all required documentation paperwork (certificates, photos, etc.) 

• Confirm all required signatures were obtained 

• Prepare completion reports (checklists, required agency reports, etc.) 

• Submit authorization for payments/reimbursements/invoices 

Knowledge of: 

• Agency/company processes 

• Program requirements 

• Required paperwork 

• Required signatures 

Skill in: 

• Organization 

• Report writing 

Ability to: 

Task 5: Maintain Files and Records 

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• Maintain job logs and notes in the files 

• Maintain photos in the files 

• Maintain information on any anomalies on the job 

• Maintain information on any ongoing complaints 

• Maintain documentation from program monitoring (federal, utility, etc.) 

Knowledge of: 

• Legal responsibilities 

• Program requirements 

• Recordkeeping best practices 

Skill in: 

• Attention to detail 

• Organization 

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC REVIEW 620
EERE Information Center

1-877-EERE-INFO (1-877-337-3463)

www.eere.energy.gov/informationcenter 

Prepared by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL)

NREL is a national laboratory of the U.S. Department of Energy

Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy

NREL is operated by the Alliance for Sustainable Energy, LLC 

DOE/GO-102010-3154 • October 2010 

Printed with a renewable-source ink on paper containing at least 50% 

wastepaper, including 10% post consumer waste.