# Patent

## Title
Thrust plate including cooling slots

## Abstract

A thrust plate includes an annular-shaped body having a scalloped outer edge that forms a first circumference defined by a first diameter. The thrust plate further includes a plurality of cooling slots formed in a first surface of the body. The cooling slots are formed between each pair of adjacent scallops. A center of each cooling slot extends towards the center of the thrust plate at a common predetermined angle with respect to one another.

## Background
BACKGROUND
The present inventive concept relates generally to an air cycle machine, and more specifically, to a thrust plate included in a bearing cooling system of an air cycle machine.
Performance and reliability of a conventional air cycle machine depends on providing proper cooling to one or more thrust bearings included in the air cycle machine's bearing cooling system. The thrust bearing supports a rotating assembly included in the bearing cooling system. A thrust plate is provided in the air cycle machine to support the thrust bearing and maintain the axial position of the rotating assembly. As the rotating assembly rotates, the thrust bearing may realize an increase in heat. Therefore, the conventional air cycle machine consists only of vents formed in a containment ring of the air cycle machine housing to flow cool to the thrust bearing.
SUMMARY
According to one embodiment of the present inventive concept, a thrust plate includes an annular-shaped body having a scalloped outer edge that forms a first circumference defined by a first diameter. The thrust plate further includes a plurality of cooling slots formed in a first surface of the body. The cooling slots are formed between each pair of adjacent scallops. A center of each cooling slot extends towards the center of the thrust plate at a common predetermined angle with respect to one another.
According to another embodiment, a method of forming cooling slots in a thrust plate comprises defining a horizontal axis that extends radially from a center of the thrust plate. The method further includes defining a vertical axis that extends radially from the center of the thrust plate, the vertical axis being perpendicular to the horizontal axis. The method further includes defining a plurality of leader axes that extend radially from the center of the thrust plate. The plurality of leader axes are off-set from at least one of the horizontal and vertical axes by a predetermined angle. The method further includes forming a plurality of slot groupings on a surface of the thrust plate based on the plurality of leader axes.



BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE SEVERAL VIEWS OF THE DRAWINGS
The subject matter which is regarded as the inventive concept is particularly pointed out and distinctly claimed in the claims at the conclusion of the specification. The forgoing and other features of the inventive concept are apparent from the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an air cycle machine according to an embodiment;
FIG. 2 illustrates a thrust plate according to at least one embodiment; and
FIGS. 3A-3C are diagrams illustrating dimensions of the thrust plate illustrated in FIG. 2 according to various embodiments.



DETAILED DESCRIPTION
Referring to FIG. 1, an air cycle machine (ACM) 10 is illustrated according to an embodiment. The ACM 10 includes turbine housing 12 and a bearing housing 14. A rotatable shaft 16 extends through the turbine housing 12 and the bearing housing 14 to drive one or more systems of the ACM. The shaft 16 is supported by a first thrust bearing 18 and a second thrust bearing 20. One or more vents may be formed in the bearing housing to introduce cool air to the thrust bearings 18, 20. A thrust runner 22 extends radially outwardly from the shaft 16 to provide extra support thereto. A thrust plate 24 is disposed against one side of the second thrust bearing 20 to maintain the first and second thrust bearings 18, 20 in place. The thrust plate 24 further includes a plurality of cooling slots to receive air flow. When mounted, the plurality of cooling slots formed on the thrust plate 24 may align with a respective slot formed on a cooling ring of the ACM 10 to form air flow channels that increase the airflow introduced to the thrust bearings 18, 20.
Referring now to FIG. 2, a thrust plate 24 is illustrated according to an embodiment. The thrust plate 24 includes an annular shaped body 26 having a first surface 28 and a second surface 30 opposite the first surface. The body 26 includes a scalloped outer edge, which reduces the overall weight of the thrust plate 24. The scalloped outer edge forms a first circumference defined by a first diameter being approximately 3.860 inches (approximately 9.804 cm) and an inner edge forming a second circumference defined by diameter being approximately 1.218 inches (approximately 3.094 cm). The scalloped outer edge defines a plurality of curved scallops 32, i.e., projections, spaced apart from one another by a gap 34. At least three of the gaps are sized larger than the remaining gaps 34 to define an alignment gap 34′, which positions the thrust plate 24 at a predetermined orientation when the thrust plate 24 is coupled to the turbine housing and the bearing housing.
Each individual scallop 32 includes an outer eyelet 36 formed therethrough. In at least one embodiment, a first plurality of the outer eyelets 36 has a first eyelet diameter of approximately 0.170 inches (approximately 0.432 cm) to receive a respective first bolt, which couples a first portion of the thrust plate to the turbine housing of the ACM 10. A second plurality of the outer eyelets 36′ has a second eyelet diameter of approximately 0.145 inches (approximately 0.368 cm). The second diameter receives a respective second bolt to couple a second portion of the thrust plate 24 to the bearing housing of the ACM 10. The alignment gaps 34′ assist in positioning the thrust plate 24 at a predetermined orientation when coupled to the turbine housing and the bearing housing via the bolts. That is, the alignment gaps 34′ assisting in preventing the thrust plate 24 from being improperly assembled. The thrust plate 24 further includes a plurality of alignment holes 38 to receive a respective pin to be disposed therethrough. Each alignment hole 38 is formed adjacent a respective gap 34 to further promote the alignment of the thrust plate 24 with respect to the turbine housing and the thrust bearing housing.
The thrust plate 24 further includes by a plurality of cooling slots 40 formed in the first surface 28. In at least one embodiment illustrated in FIG. 2, the thrust plate 24 includes 10 cooling slots 40 arranged according to a plurality of slot groupings. In at least one embodiment, first and second slot groupings each consist of four cooling slots 40 and a third slot grouping consists of two cooling slots 40. Each cooling slot 40 is formed between a pair of adjacent scallops 32 and extends between an open end formed at the outer edge of the thrust plate 24 and a curved end. Each cooling slot 40 has a length ranging from approximately 0.762 cm (approximately 0.3 inches) to approximately 1.016 cm (approximately 0.4 inches). Further, each cooling slot 40 has a width (w) ranging from approximately 0.394 cm (approximately 0.155 inches) to approximately 0.149 cm (approximately 0.165 inches) and thickness (wth) ranging from approximately 0.152 cm (0.06 inches) to approximately 0.178 cm (0.07 inches). A center axis (As) of each cooling slot 40 included in respective slot grouping forms a predetermined angle (θAXIS) with respect to the center axis of an adjacent cooling slot 40, as discussed in greater detail below. In at least one embodiment, the predetermined angle is approximately 24.00 degrees.
The location of the cooling slots 40 may be formed on the thrust plate 24 according to a plurality axes extending across the surface of the body 26. Referring to FIG. 3, a horizontal axis (AH) and a vertical axis (AV) extend across the body 26. The horizontal axis (AH) extends through a center of the thrust plate 24 and between a first horizontal point (θ1) and a second horizontal point (θ2). The first horizontal point (θ1) is located at approximately 0 degrees with respect to the circumference of the outer edge. The second horizontal point (θ2) is located at the outer edge approximately 180 degrees with respect to the first horizontal point, i.e., 180 degrees from the 0 degrees point. The vertical axis (AV) extends through the center of the thrust plate 24 and between a first vertical point (θ3) and a second vertical point (θ4). The first vertical point (θ3) is located at the outer edge approximately 90 degrees with respect to the first and second horizontal points (θ1), (θ2)., i.e., 0 degrees and 270 degrees, respectively. The second vertical point (θ4) is located at the outer edge at approximately 270 degrees with respect to the first and second horizontal points (θ1), (θ2).
A plurality of leader axes are defined based on the horizontal and vertical axes (AH), (AV). The plurality of leader axes include a first leader axis (AL1), a second leader axis (AL2), and a third leader axis (AL3). The first leader axis (AL1) is off-set at in a clock-wise direction at a first angle (X) with respect to the first horizontal point (i.e., 0 degrees) of the horizontal axis. A second leader axis (AL2) is off-set in a counter-clockwise direction at a second angle (Y) with respect to the second horizontal point (i.e., 180 degrees) of the horizontal axis. The third leader axis (AL3) is off-set in a counter-clockwise direction at a third angle (Z) with respect to the first vertical point (i.e., 90 degrees) of the vertical axis. In at least one embodiment, the first angle (X) is approximately 21.00 degrees, the second angle (Y) is approximately 30.00 degrees and the third angle (Z) is approximately 9.00 degrees.
The plurality of slot groupings are arranged on the thrust plate 24 based on a respective leader axis. More specifically, a first slot grouping 42 is arranged on the thrust plate 24 based on the first leader axis (AL1), a second slot grouping 44 is arranged on the thrust plate 24 based on the second leader axis (AL2), and a third slot grouping 46 is arranged on the thrust plate 24 based on the third leader axis (AL3). Each slot grouping includes a lead cooling slot 48, which is the basis for arranging the remaining cooling slots 40 in the respective slot grouping. The lead cooling slot 48 is spaced a predetermined distance (dSLOT) away from a respective lead axis. In at least one embodiment, each lead cooling slot 48 is spaced approximately 0.915 inches (approximately 2.324 cm) away from a respective lead axis in the clock-wise direction.
Referring to the first slot grouping 42, a first lead cooling slot 48 is formed on the thrust plate 24 such that a center axis (AS) extends through the center of the lead cooling slot 48 is approximately 0.915 inches away from the first leader axis (AL1). The three remaining cooling slots 40 of the first slot grouping 42 are formed such that the respective center axes (AS) of each cooling slot 40 have an angle of approximately 24.00 degrees with respect to one another.
Referring to the second slot grouping 44, a second lead cooling slot 48′ is formed on the thrust plate 24 such that the center axis (AS) is approximately 0.915 inches away from the second leader axis (AL2). The three remaining cooling slots 40 of the second slot grouping 42 are formed such that the respective center axes (AS) of each cooling slot 40 have an angle of approximately 24.00 degrees with respect to one another.
Referring finally to the third slot grouping 46, a third lead cooling slot 48′′ is formed on the thrust plate 24 such that the center axis (AS) is approximately 0.915 inches away from the third leader axis (AL3). Accordingly, the remaining cooling slot 40 of the third slot grouping 46 is formed such that the respective center axis (AS) has an angle of approximately 24.00 degrees with respect to the third lead cooling slot (AL3).
While various embodiments of the inventive concept had been described, it will be understood that those skilled in the art, both now and in the future, may make various modifications to the embodiments which fall within the scope of the claims which follow. These claims should be construed to maintain the proper protection for the invention first described.

## Claims

1. A thrust plate, comprising:
an annular-shaped body including a scalloped outer edge forming a first circumference defined by a first diameter; and
a plurality of cooling slots formed in a first surface of the body, the plurality of cooling slots including at least one cooling slot formed between at least one pair of adjacent scallops, a center of each cooling slot extending toward a center of the thrust plate at a common predetermined angle with respect to one another,
wherein the scalloped outer edge defines a plurality of curved scallops defining a gap between each individual scallop, each scallop including an outer eyelet formed therethrough.

2. The thrust plate of claim 1, wherein the plurality of cooling slots are arranged on the body according to a plurality of slot groupings, each slot grouping including a predetermined number of cooling slots.

3. The thrust plate of claim 2, wherein the plurality of slot groupings include a first slot grouping, a second slot grouping and a third slot grouping, the first and second slot groupings each consisting of four cooling slots and the third slot grouping consists of two cooling slots.

4. The thrust plate of claim 3, wherein a first plurality of outer eyelets have a different diameter than a second plurality of outer eyelets.

5. The thrust plate of claim 4, wherein the first plurality of outer eyelets have a first eyelet diameter for receiving a respective first bolt for coupling the thrust plate to a turbine housing and the second plurality of the outer eyelets have a second eyelet diameter smaller than the first diameter for receiving a respective second bolt for coupling the thrust plate to a bearing housing.

6. The thrust plate of claim 5, wherein at least three of the gaps are sized larger than the remaining gaps to define an alignment gap to position the thrust plate at a predetermined orientation when coupled via the first and second bolts.

7. The thrust plate of claim 6, further comprising a plurality of alignment holes for receiving a respective pin disposed therethrough for further aligning the thrust plate.

8. The thrust plate of claim 7, wherein each slot extends between an open end formed at the outer edge of the thrust plate and a curved end to define a slot length.

9. The thrust plate of claim 8, wherein the length ranges from 7.62 millimeters to 10.16 millimeters, each slot having a depth ranging from 1.52millimeters to 1.78 millimeters and a width ranging from 3.94 millimeters to 4.19 millimeters, the common angle being 24.00 degrees.

10. The thrust plate of claim 1, wherein each cooling slot among the plurality of cooling slots is formed between a respective pair of scallops.