Appendix D 

Emissions Preparation and Results 
Appendix D.1 

Emissions Inventory 

Quality Assurance Project Plan 
FUTURE YEAR EMISSION INVENTORY 

DEVELOPMENT TO SUPPORT 

ATMOSPHERIC MODELING OF FINE 

PARTICULATE MATTER AND OZONE 

IN THE SOUTHEASTERN US 

DRAFT 

QUALITY ASSURANCE 

PROJECT PLAN 

Effective Date: March 2006

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December 17, 2007
ASSOCIATION FOR SOUTHEASTERN INTEGRATED 

PLANNING 

ASIP 

FUTURE YEAR EMISSION INVENTORY DEVELOPMENT TO 

SUPPORT ATMOSPHERIC MODELING OF FINE 

PARTICULATE MATTER AND OZONE IN THE 

SOUTHEASTERN US 

QUALITY ASSURANCE PROJECT PLAN 

Effective Date: March 2006 

APPROVED BY 

(ASIP Technical Director) (ASIP Emission Inventory Tech. Advisor) 

(MACTEC Program Manager (MACTEC Quality Assurance Coordinator) 

(MACTEC Task Manager) (MACTEC Task Manager) 

 

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December 17, 2007
Table of Contents 

FUTURE YEAR EMISSION INVENTORY DEVELOPMENT TO SUPPORT 

ATMOSPHERIC MODELING OF FINE PARTICULATE MATTER AND OZONE IN 

THE SOUTHEASTERN US 

QA PROJECT PLAN 

1.0 PROJECT MANAGEMENT ......................................................................................... 1

1.1 Problem Definition/Background................................................................................. 1

1.2 Project/Task Description ............................................................................................. 2

1.3 Project Organization.................................................................................................... 3

1.4 Quality Objectives and Criteria.................................................................................. 6

1.5 Special Training/Certification..................................................................................... 6

1.6 Documents and Records .............................................................................................. 6

2.0 DATA ACQUISITION ................................................................................................... 1

2.1 Point Source Procedures.............................................................................................. 1

2.2 Area Source Procedures .............................................................................................. 1

3.0 ASSESSMENT AND OVERSIGHT.............................................................................. 1

3.1 Assessments and Response Actions ............................................................................ 1

3.2 Reports to Management............................................................................................... 1

4.0 DATA VALIDATION AND USABILITY .................................................................... 1

4.1 Accuracy Assessment ................................................................................................... 1

4.2 Completeness Assessment............................................................................................ 1

4.3 Comparability Assessment .......................................................................................... 1

4.4 Representativeness Assessment................................................................................... 1

TABLES AND FIGURES 

 Page

 Figure 1. Project Organization Chart.................................................. 1-5 

 Figure 2. Audit Check Form ............................................................... 3-2 

 Table 1. Data Quality Objectives, Procedures, and Indicators ........... 1-8 

Distribution List: 

Pat Brewer, ASIP (Technical Director) 

Greg Stella, Alpine Geophysics, Inc. (ASIP Emission Inventory Technical Advisor) 

Douglas Toothman, MACTEC (Quality Assurance Coordinator) 

William Barnard, MACTEC (Program Manager, Area and Nonroad Source Task Leader) 

Edward Sabo, MACTEC (Point Source Task Leader) 

Dan Meszler, MESZLER Engineering Services, Inc. (Mobile Source Task Leader) 

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1.0 PROJECT MANAGEMENT 

1.1 Problem Definition/Background 

The Southeastern States Air Resource Managers (SESARM) has been designated by the United 

States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) as the entity responsible for coordinating and 

implementing regional planning for the eight SESARM states (Alabama, Florida, Kentucky, 

Georgia, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina and Tennessee) plus Virginia, West 

Virginia, and Tribes. Through a memorandum of understanding, these parties are collaborating 

in the organization Visibility Improvement State and Tribal Association of the Southeast 

(VISTAS) on the technical analysis and planning activities that support state implementation 

plans for regional haze. The participating agencies have concluded that a collaborative regional 

process is also the most efficient approach for the states to develop the technical analyses 

supporting attainment demonstrations for the fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and eight-hour 

ozone standards. Along with the local air regulatory agencies for Jefferson County, AL, 

Jefferson County, KY, Mecklenberg County, NC, Forsythe County, NC, Knox County, TN, and 

Shelby County, TN, these agencies have become signatory parties to the collaborative effort 

called the Association for Southeastern Integrated Planning (ASIP). SESARM will coordinate 

among participating agencies and oversee the performance of the ASIP inventory and modeling 

tasks in parallel with the VISTAS regional haze project tasks. Emissions inventory efforts 

include the development of emissions inventories and forecasts to be utilized in ASIP modeling 

efforts. 

At least one area in seven states (Alabama, Georgia, North Carolina, Kentucky, Tennessee, 

Virginia, and West Virginia) has been designated as nonattainment for the PM2.5 . In addition, 

South Carolina has one three-county area that was designated as unclassifiable. The PM2.5

compliance date is April 2010 unless a state demonstrates that more time is necessary in which 

case up to five additional years may be granted. State implementation plans (SIPs) will be due in 

April 2008 and the modeling year for the PM2.5 attainment demonstration will be 2009. 

The States of Alabama, Georgia, Kentucky, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, 

Virginia, and West Virginia have one or more nonattainment areas for the eight hour ozone 

standard. Basic nonattainment areas are required to attain the 8-hour ozone standard by June 15, 

2009, while moderate nonattainment areas are required to attain by June 15, 2010. This will 

require states with basic 8-hour ozone nonattainment areas to demonstrate attainment for the year 

2008 and moderate areas will require 2009 as the modeling year 

The objective of this project is to compile future year emission inventories to support fine 

particulate matter and ozone modeling efforts in the ASIP region for all source categories. This 

project has the following overall design specifications: 

• Pollutant Coverage - primary and precursor annual and seasonal emissions necessary 

to accurately model fine particulate matter and ozone, including primary PM2.5 and 

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PM10, ammonia (NH3), oxides of sulfur (SOx), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), 

oxides of nitrogen (NOx) and carbon monoxide (CO) 

• Source Coverage – all source categories except biogenic. 

• Geographic Areas – the ASIP states (Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, 

Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, West Virginia) 

The inventories created under this contract will be used in creating future year modeling 

inventories (modeled under other ASIP work tasks) to support chemical transport modeling of 

fine particulate matter and ozone in the southeastern U.S. and to evaluate potential control 

strategies for the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) for fine particulate and 

ozone. Two future year inventories will be prepared along with evaluations of various controls 

for those inventories. In addition, updates of the 2002 base year inventory will be performed 

under this contract as necessary to develop the projection years. 

The purpose of this Quality Assurance Project Plan (QAPP) is to outline and guide the process 

for quality assuring the inventory development to ensure the development of complete, accurate, 

and consistent emission inventories. The QAPP is consistent with the recommendations in the 

EPA quality assurance requirements1

 and the Emission Inventory Improvement Program’s QA 

guidance2

. The QAPP includes tasks associated with obtaining State data, merging and 

augmenting State submittals with available EPA databases, improving the activity data and 

emission factors for important source categories, obtaining and developing growth and control 

factors, obtaining State and stakeholder review of the emission inventory, and providing 

documentation of the maintenance (revisions, updates, corrections) of the inventory. 

1.2 Project/Task Description 

EPA3 has specified that calendar year 2002 be used as the base year for emission inventories to 

support planning efforts under the 8-hour ozone, PM2.5, and Regional Haze programs. ASIP has 

planned an iterative process to use and enhance the 2002 base inventory prepared by MATEC for 

the Visibility Improvement State and Tribal Association of the Southeast (VISTAS) as part of 

regional haze planning, that incorporates improved information as it becomes available. In 

addition, work on the PM2.5 and ozone NAAQS calls for continued measures of progress. As a 

consequence, emissions inventories for 2008 and 2009 will be required to assess such progress. 

• A revised 2009 Base G future year inventory based off of the 2009 projections 

developed previously for VISTAS (Base G due May 2006). This inventory will be 

developed using the final version of the 2002 VISTAS base year. The revised 2009 

inventory is designed to support modeling runs for fine particulate and ozone. It will 

be created using readily available growth and control information from the Clean Air 

Interstate Rule (CAIR), the Heavy Duty Diesel Rule (HDD Rule), the DOE’s Annual 

Energy Outlook 2006, and other EPA rules. In addition, control programs under 

these rules as well as State Implementation Plans (SIP) will be incorporated. The 

growth and control factors will be those developed for the VISTAS 2009 regional 

haze and PM2.5 inventory development effort augmented by updated information 

from other regional inventory development work and modifications based on State 

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comments. Typical year emissions for electric generating units (EGUs), wildfire and 

prescribed burning sources will be revised as necessary to incorporate new data. 

Control programs that are “on-the-books” and “on-the-way” will be incorporated into 

the estimates. Three control strategy inventories will also be developed for 2009. 

• A 2008 Inventory Base G (available Spring/Summer 2006). This inventory will be 

created using information developed for the 2009 inventory with revised growth and 

control factors to account for a 2008 projection rather than a 2009 projection. The 

inventory will still include “on-the-books” and “on-the-way” control programs as 

well as any SIP or other State specific controls. 

This QAPP focuses on the tasks associated with developing these inventories. 

Projection Inventory Activities. The effort includes the following area source activities: 

1. Assemble data needed to update the 2009 VISTAS inventory to account for Base G 

changes to the base year 2002 inventory and any changes to growth or control factors for 

2009 based on State/workgroup review. 

2. Prepare the 2009 inventory using data received as part of step 1. 

3. Assemble data needed to develop the 2008 ASIP inventory. This includes development 

of growth and control factors for 2008 which are not currently available. 

4. Prepare the 2008 ASIP projection inventory using data developed in step 3. 

5. Recommend methods for control strategies for 2009. 

6. Prepare 2009 control strategy inventories. 

7. Revise the 2002 “typical year” inventory for electric generating units (EGUs) with any 

updated data. 

8. Revise the “typical year” inventory for wild and prescribed fires with any updated data. 

Other Activities. In addition to the above tasks related to projecting emissions, a report 

detailing the methods used to develop the projections will be prepared. 

1.3 Project Organization 

Figure 1 and Table 1 identify the individuals and organizations participating in the project. Their 

specific roles and responsibilities include: 

• Ms. Pat Brewer, Technical Coordinator, will plan, conduct, and supervise technical 

and managerial aspects of the project. She will facilitate communications among 

State/local agencies, MACTEC, and the SESARM Executive Director. 

• Mr. Greg Stella, Emission Inventory Technical Advisor, will work with the Technical 

Coordinator to define the emission inventory development activities needed to 

support PM2.5 and ozone modeling and planning activities. 

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• State/local Agency Coordinators will compile and submit data to MACTEC, 

participate in QA/QC reviews, and help revise, update, and correct the inventory. 

• William Barnard, MACTEC Program Manager, will direct and monitor technical and 

financial performance throughout the project and will serve as a senior primary 

contact with ASIP on contract and project management issues. Mr. Barnard will also 

direct aspects of the projection inventory development related to area and mobile 

sources. He will plan and conduct the technical aspects of the development of the area 

and mobile source inventories, supervise daily activities, identify effective QC 

procedures and make recommendations on needed QC procedures. 

• Edward Sabo, MACTEC Point Source Task Leader, will plan and manage all point 

source activities. He will plan and conduct the technical aspects of the development 

of the point source inventory, supervise daily activities, identify effective QC 

procedures and make recommendations on needed QC procedures. 

• Dan Meszler, MACTEC Mobile Source Task Leader, will plan and manage all 

mobile source activities. He will plan and conduct the technical aspects of the 

development of input files for the MOBILE and NONROAD models and for nonroad 

sources not covered by the NONROAD model. He will help identify effective QC 

procedures and make recommendations on needed QC procedures. 

• Douglas Toothman, MACTEC QA Coordinator, will help ensure that adequate 

QA/QC procedures are incorporated into the inventory development process. He will 

work independent of the inventory development Task Leaders to assist in the conduct 

of project QA/QC assessments. 

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FIGURE 1 – PROJECT ORGANIZATION CHART 

ASIP 

Technical Coordinator

Pat Brewer 

ASIP Emission Inventory 

Technical Advisor 

Greg Stella 

MACTEC 

Program Manager 

William Barnard 

MACTEC 

QA Coordinator 

Doug Toothman 

MACTEC 

Point Source Manager

Edward Sabo 

MACTEC 

Area/Mobile Source Manager

William Barnard 

ASIP 

State/local Coordinators 

MACTEC Technical Support 

Engineers, Scientists, Programmers, Graphic Artists, Editors 

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1.4 Quality Objectives and Criteria 

The goal of the inventory process is to provide the best possible inventory under given resource 

constraints. Data Quality Objectives (DQO) are statements about the level of acceptable 

uncertainty or error. Their purpose is to ensure that the final data will be sufficient for the 

intended use of the inventory. A well-developed and implemented quality assurance program 

fosters confidence in the inventory and any resulting regulatory program. It also gives the end 

user important information about the limitations of the emission estimates in order to avoid 

misuse of data. 

Table 1 summarizes the Data Quality Objectives for the ASIP inventories that will be compiled 

for this contract. The first column of Table 1 defines four data quality objectives: accuracy, 

completeness, comparability and representativeness. The second column identifies the 

procedures that will be used to achieve each objective. The third column identifies Data Quality 

Indicators (DQI), which are qualitative and quantitative descriptors used in interpreting the 

degree of acceptability or utility of data. 

1.5 Special Training/Certification 

All staff performing data review and analysis are air quality professionals and have sufficient 

education/experience to perform emission estimation calculations and work with emission 

inventory databases. Most staff have received specific emission inventory training through 

conferences, workshops, self-study programs, and on-the-job work experiences. There are no 

specifically mandated training requirements for work performed on this project. 

1.6 Documents and Records 

QAPP Control. Any changes to this QAPP will be initiated either by the Program Manager, the 

Task Leaders, or the QA coordinator. Each change will be given a revision number and date in 

the document control block in the upper corner of the affected pages. It will be the responsibility 

of the initiating person to distribute copies of the changed pages to all the persons on the 

Distribution List and to the appropriate project team members. 

Data Collection Records. Clear documentation of the data collected from the State/local 

agencies, EPA, and other agencies is integral to the quality analysis review. Records will be 

maintained containing a description of the data received, the name of the person and agency 

submitting the data, the date of the submission, and other relevant information about the data 

submission. The following types of data will be collected during this project: 

• EPA’s 1999 National Emission Inventory (Version 2 Final) 

• State CERR submittals 

• State/local agency data submittals in NIF 3.0 format 

• Growth factors assembled by EPA 

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• EPA’s Final Summary Emission Reports for 2002 with CEM information for electric 

utilities regulated by the Acid Rain Program 

• EPA’s Toxic Release Inventory for 1999/2000 with ammonia emissions data 

• Point source surveys for target facilities to obtain missing information 

• State/local agency submittals of updated activity data related to fugitive dust sources, 

primarily paved and unpaved roads, livestock activities and agricultural activity 

(tilling). 

• State agency submittals of information necessary to calculate fire emissions and 

geographically locate where these fires occurred in 2002. 

• State agency submittals of updated activity data for animal operations for use with the 

Carnegie Mellon University ammonia model. 

• State/local agency revisions, updates, corrections in response to various QA/QC 

checks. These may be provided in a variety of formats depending on the nature of the 

response. 

• Department of Energy fuel efficiency data 

• EGAS growth factors 

• VMT data 

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TABLE 1

DATA QUALITY OBJECTIVES, PROCEDURES, AND INDICATORS 

Data Quality Objective Procedures Example Indicators 

Accuracy - reduce uncertainty in 

emission estimates where possible, 

validate that data elements needed 

for modeling are within accepted 

parameters, and verify that emission 

estimates agree with accepted 

reference values. 

1. Identify weaknesses in existing 

inventories, identify new 

methods/data to reduce 

uncertainty, and obtain new 

activity/emission factor data where 

available. 

2. Use EPA’s NIF QA tool and adhoc reports to perform 

computerized checks of valid 

codes/data ranges and to identify 

outliers. 

3. Conduct senior technical review 

of pollutant totals by facility, 

source category, state, and region. 

4. Compare to other published data. 

1. Qualitative assessment of the 

inventory’s strengths and 

weaknesses. 

2. 100% of stack data and temporal 

factors in valid ranges for > 100 

tpy sources. 

3. 100% of sources have valid 

geographic coordinates. 

4. 100% correction of significant 

outliers. 

5. Agreement of ASIP emissions and 

EPA CEM data and EPA TRI data. 

6. Compare projection emissions to 

base year emissions to ensure that 

values are within expected ranges. 

Completeness – include all major 

point sources, include emission 

estimates for PM2.5 and ammonia, 

verify that all important areas source 

categories are included for all 

counties and all mobile source 

categories are accounted for. 

1. Compare ASIP utility data to EPA 

CEM data. 

2. Compare ASIP point source 

ammonia data to EPA TRI data. 

3. State/local agencies compare 

facility list to their Title V permit 

lists. 

4. Compare small point source 

emissions to area source 

emissions. 

5. Compare PM10 and PM2.5 

emissions. 

6. Plot area source spatial 

distributions by source category 

and county. 

1. 100% of all utilities accounted for 

in database. 

2. 100% of large ammonia sources 

in TRI accounted for in database. 

3. 100% of Title V sources 

accounted for in database 

4. Small point sources included as 

either small point sources or as 

area sources. 

5. PM2.5 and ammonia emissions 

included in inventory 

6. Area source emissions for 

important source categories for all 

counties in region. 

7. All mobile sources accounted for. 

8. Explanation of any missing data 

or sources. 

Comparability – verify that 

emission estimates are similar to 

other peer-reviewed inventories and 

that any major deviations are 

explained. 

1. Compare emission totals by 

source category, pollutant, 

geographic region, and year with 

previous emission inventories. 

1. Explanation for large 

discrepancies in emissions 

Representativeness – use emission 

estimation methods that reflect local 

conditions and the time period of 

interest. 

1. Identify where national defaults 

used instead of local activity data. 

2. Identify where emissions were 

grown for base year 2002 data 

were not available. 

3. Identify growth factors for 

projection years. 

1. Explanation for use of national 

defaults. 

2. Determination of representative 

values for “typical years” for some 

sources for projections (i.e., fires, 

utility emissions). 

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Data Handling Records. Another key element of the QA program is maintaining written 

documentation of calculations, assumptions, and all other activities associated with incorporating 

the State/local agency submittals and other data with the projection and base year inventories. 

Nearly all data being developed and/or compiled will use computerized databases or other 

electronic files. For many of these databases, we will use blank fields in the database tables to 

keep track of the source of the data. We will also maintain a log of activities to document how 

the data described above were incorporated to create the ASIP inventories. The log will include 

complete descriptions of the data sources used, the procedures used to incorporate the data, the 

approach used to determine the completeness, and any contacts made with data submitters to 

resolve questions. A file will be maintained to ensure that the data handling records are retained 

and easily located. 

QA/QC Records. We will perform a variety of quality control reviews of the inventory. For 

example, we will check stack parameters, source classification codes, and geographic 

coordinates for point sources that emit at least 100 tons of any pollutant per year. Reports 

containing the results of these checks will be transmitted to the State/local agencies for 

investigation and correction. Documentation of each finding will include a description of the 

action or data reviewed that led to the quality concern and will provide recommendations for 

corrective actions. 

Corrective Action Records. Records of corrective and follow-up actions identified during the 

quality review process will be maintained. Both the corrective action identified and the results of 

the actions taken in response will be documented for inclusion in the final report. If no 

corrective action can be made, we will document the implications on the overall quality of the 

inventory. 

Data Reporting Package. The final data reporting package will contain four elements: 

• An emission summary report that describes the emissions inventory by pollutant and 

source category, summarizes the methods and data used to compile the inventory, 

assesses the limitations and appropriate uses of the inventory data, and contains any 

other information pertinent to the inventory; 

• A quality assurance summary report that describes the quality assurance efforts 

completed, summarizes the corrective actions taken, and provides suggestions for 

further inventory improvement based on the results of the quality assurance process; 

• Electronic data files containing the ASIP inventories in NIF 3.0 format; and 

• Electronic and paper files containing all original data submittals and all backup 

documentation will be stored on file at MACTEC for a period of no less than three 

years.

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2.0 DATA ACQUISITION 

The projection year ASIP inventories will rely primarily on air emission information from 

existing databases. The data collection, handling, and management process is described below, 

along with the associated quality control procedures and methods. The QC system is designed 

to: 

• Provide routine and consistent checks and documentation points in the inventory 

development process to verify data integrity, correctness, and completeness; 

• Identify and reduce errors and omissions; 

• Maximize consistency within the inventory preparation and documentation process; 

• Facilitate internal and external inventory review processes. 

The data acquisition process should be viewed as an iterative process. As decisions are made, 

new questions will surface that require solutions, until the iterations are complete. 

2.1 Projection Year Inventory Procedures

For the projection inventories, the following procedures will be used to compile and quality 

assure the inventory: 

1. Use the final version (Base G) of the 2002 VISTAS Base/Typical Year inventory as a 

starting point. 

a. Back calculate uncontrolled emissions for 2002 Base/Typical Year inventory to 

use as starting point for sources that will be grown for the projection inventory. 

(unclear) 

2. Prepare/Obtain Growth and Control files 

a. Obtain growth factor files from EGAS for use with categories that will be grown 

with EGAS growth factors; incorporate Annual Energy Outlook 2006 information 

into EGAS to replace the AEO 2004 data currently embedded in EGAS. 

b. Obtain control factors for “on-the-book” and “on-the-way” controls as well as any 

controls for control strategy evaluations. Controls will be obtained from recent 

EPA rulemakings, proposed rules (e.g., Clean Air Interstate Rule [CAIR]), and 

State SIPs. For EGUs, control information will be obtained from VISTASsponsored IPM runs, supplemented with state-supplied adjustments as to where 

future controls will be installed. 

c. Determine/obtain growth factors for non-EGAS sources (e.g., agricultural crops, 

fertilizers, etc.). Growth factors for these sources will be calculated from existing 

projection inventories prepared by EPA (e.g., EPA Ammonia Inventory). Growth 

factors will be calculated using linear interpolation of projected emissions if the 

actual year is not available. 

3. Project sources using growth and control factors 

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a. For sources to be grown using EGAS growth factors, apply growth and control 

factors. 

b. For sources not using EGAS growth factors, apply non-EGAS growth factors. 

c. Identify and resolve any errors/discrepancies from the use of EGAS growth 

factors or other growth factor data 

d. Track comments/concerns received and corrective actions taken 

4. Determine emissions for sources requiring “typical” year emission updates. 

a. These sources include EGUs and fires 

b. For fires make any modifications needed including incorporating the long-term 

effects of prescribed burning programs. Update and revise the typical emissions 

based on changes submitted by State air and forestry personnel and to include 

future year projections of prescribed burning. 

c. Update the typical year emission data from EGU sources based on State 

comments and any revised CEM or IPM data. 

5. Develop mobile source emission inventories 

a. Prepare projected VMT for review by States/stakeholders for onroad mobile 

sources. 

b. Prepare SMOKE ready MOBILE input files for review by States/stakeholders. 

MOBILE input files will contain required control programs either “on-the-books” 

or “on-the-way”. (my understanding is this subtask is not MACTEC’s 

responsibility) 

c. Prepare NONROAD model input files for review by States/stakeholders. 

NONROAD input files will contain required control programs either “on-thebooks” or “on-the-way”. 

d. Run the NONROAD 2005 model, develop emission summaries and provide to 

States/Stakeholders for review/comment. 

e. Develop growth factors and projected emissions for nonroad sources not in the 

NONROAD model. Growth factors will be based on existing estimates from 

EPA rulemaking projections (e.g., Heavy Duty Diesel and other rules). Provide 

growth factors for review by States/Stakeholders. 

f. Prepare non-NONROAD model emission estimates. Provide for 

States/Stakeholder review/comment. 

6. Conduct QA/QC to identify errors and inconsistencies 

a. Prepare ad-hoc reports to identify gaps and logical inconsistencies. 

b. Ask States/local agencies to provide feedback on large scale inconsistencies and 

on missing sources. 

c. Update database with State/local supplied revisions. 

d. Track comments/concerns received and corrective actions taken 

7. Provide inventory for review by stakeholders 

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a. Prepare an emission summary report that describes the emissions inventory by 

pollutant and source category, summarizes the methods and data used to compile 

the inventory, assesses the limitations and appropriate uses of the inventory data, 

and contains any other information pertinent to the inventory 

b. Prepare a quality assurance summary report that describes the quality assurance 

efforts completed, summarizes the corrective actions taken, and provides 

suggestions for further inventory improvement based on the results of the quality 

assurance process 

c. Provide electronic data files containing the ASIP inventories in NIF 3.0 format 

d. Track comments/concerns received and corrective actions taken 

8. Incorporate feedback from stakeholders and prepare final reports and electronic files 

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3.0 ASSESSMENT AND OVERSIGHT 

The subsections in this group address the activities for assessing the effectiveness of project 

implementation and associated QA and QC activities. The purpose of the assessment is to ensure 

that the QA Project Plan is implemented as prescribed. The assessment consists of external 

activities that include a planned system of review and audit procedures by personnel not actively 

involved in the inventory development process. The key concept of this component is 

independent objective review by a third party to access the effectiveness of the internal Quality 

Control program and the quality of the inventory, and to reduce or eliminate any inherent bias in 

the inventory process.

3.1 Assessments and Response Actions 

The MACTEC Quality Assurance Coordinator will conduct technical systems audits throughout 

the project. Audits are managerial tools used to evaluate how effectively the emission inventory 

team complies with predetermined specifications for developing an accurate and complete 

inventory. The MACTEC QAC will conduct audits at the initiation of each project to review 

the Work Plan and QAPP, at the 50% complete and 75% complete levels to review the technical 

aspects of each project and at the 95% completion level to review the data submittal package. 

This provides assessment of the project during the planning stage, the data collection stage, the 

emissions calculations stage, and the report preparation stage. An example audit checklist for 

point sources is presented in Figure 2. 

3.2 Reports to Management 

Audit reports will be distributed within two weeks of the conduct of each audit to the persons 

interviewed and the MACTEC Task Leaders. A summary of the types of quality concerns found 

will be periodically forwarded to the MACTEC Program Manager to keep him informed of the 

quality issues found and actions being taken to resolve them. Audit reports will be retained in a 

file and used to conduct subsequent audits and plan follow-up activities. When an audit team 

finds items that require immediate action, they will inform the MACTEC Program Manager of 

the necessary corrective actions. 

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

 Appendix D.1 - 16 

December 17, 2007
Project: ASIP 2002 Inventory

Section: 3

Revision No. 0

Revision Date: 3/17/2006

Page 2 of 3

AUDIT CHECKLIST

Auditor: ______________________________________ 

Date: _________________________________________ 

Data/Procedure Reviewed: _____________________________________________________________ 

___________________________________________________________________________________ 

Project Personnel Involved in Work: _____________________________________________________ 

____________________________________________________________________________________ 

Instructions: Select a facility or source category with high emissions and evaluate the quality of the data 

and adequacy of the data handling procedures. Record the findings and recommendations for corrective 

actions, if any, on this checklist and comment sheet. If recommendations for corrective actions are made, 

discuss them with the Project Manager immediately following the audit. Conduct follow-up activities to 

determine if the actions taken in response to the recommendations appropriately resolved the quality 

issues identified. 

I. DATA

A. Identify the source category evaluated: _____________________________________________ 

B. Describe the data included in the master file for the facility or source category. 

 _____________________________________________________________________________ 

 _____________________________________________________________________________ 

C. Are the data documented in a manner that will not have the potential to be misinterpreted? Y/N 

 Were the instructions for documenting the data followed? ................................................. Y/N 

D. Are there missing data fields? .................................................................................................... Y/N 

 What procedures are taken by the Task Leaders to ascertain missing? 

___________________________________________________________________________ 

 ___________________________________________________________________________ 

 At what point in the inventory process are requests for missing data made? 

___________________________________________________________________________ 

 ___________________________________________________________________________ 

 How is the receipt of the missing data handled? 

 ___________________________________________________________________________ 

 ___________________________________________________________________________ 

 Is the procedure followed to ascertain missing data efficient and adequate? ............................ Y/N 

E. How do emissions compare to other inventories? 

 1999 NEI Version 2 Final ________________________________________________________ 

 2000 TRI _____________________________________________________________________ 

 2002 ETS/CEM ________________________________________________________________ 

 Are differences in emissions understandable and explainable? ................................................. Y/N 

 If any of the values are incorrect, explain how the emissions data were corrected. 

___________________________________________________________________________ 

Figure 2 Audit Check Form

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

 Appendix D.1 - 17 

December 17, 2007
Project: ASIP 2002 Inventory

Section: 3

Revision No. 0

Revision Date: 3/17/2006

Page 3 of 3

II. EMISSIONS DATABASE

A. Who provided the data for incorporation into the database? __________________________ 

 _______________________________________________________________________ 

B. Was there evidence that the data were reviewed for accuracy and completeness prior 

 to incorporation in the database? ............................................................................................... Y/N 

C. Were data logs maintained to describe how the data was incorporated? ................................... Y/N 

D. Ask the data incorporation personnel to explain the QC procedures followed to ensure 

 data quality. Do they agree with the procedures described in the QAPP? ................................ Y/N 

E. Does the computer system appear to be adequate for its intended use? (Ask the 

 data processing personnel about the problems they have experienced with the system.) .......... Y/N 

F. Is the data entry progressing as expected and are the procedures followed adequate 

 to ensure data quality? ............................................................................................................... Y/N 

III. RECOMMENDATIONS FOR CORRECTIVE ACTIONS

_____________________________________________________________________________________ 

_____________________________________________________________________________________ 

_____________________________________________________________________________________ 

_____________________________________________________________________________________ 

_____________________________________________________________________________________ 

IV. COMMENTS

_____________________________________________________________________________________ 

_____________________________________________________________________________________ 

_____________________________________________________________________________________ 

_____________________________________________________________________________________ 

_____________________________________________________________________________________ 

V. SIGNATURES 

______________________________ ____________________________ 

(QA Auditor) (QA Coordinator) 

______________________________ ____________________________ 

(Program Manager) (Task Manager) 

______________________________ ____________________________ 

(Project Participant) (Project Participant) 

Figure 2 Audit Check Form (Concluded) 

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

 Appendix D.1 - 18 

December 17, 2007
Project: ASIP 2002 Inventory

Section: 4

Revision No. 0

Revision Date: 3/17/2006

Page 1 of 1

4.0 DATA VALIDATION AND USABILITY 

Section 4 addresses the QA activities that occur after the data collection phase of the project is 

completed. Implementation of these subsections determines whether or not the data conform to 

the specified criteria, thus satisfying the project objectives. 

4.1 Accuracy Assessment 

A qualitative discussion of accuracy will include an assessment of the extent to which the 

initially identified weaknesses in the inventory have been remedied through the use of improved 

activity data, emission factors, or other sources of information. Remaining weaknesses will be 

assessed. 

The accuracy assessment will include a summary of whether any data identified as outside of its 

valid range remained outside of the valid range in the final inventory. If any data remained 

outside of its valid range, an explanation will be given. The qualitative discussion will also 

include a summary of errors or discrepancies identified in the QA/QC process. 

A final semi-quantitative discussion of accuracy will consist of pollutant summaries for 

individual facilities, industry types, source categories, and statewide totals. The ASIP inventory 

will be compared to other peer-reviewed inventories, and where major discrepancies exist, we 

will provide an assessment of the reasons for the differences in emission estimates.

4.2 Completeness Assessment 

A statement will be prepared assessing whether all required facilities, source categories, 

pollutants, and data elements were included in the inventory. If any facilities or source 

categories were not included, an explanation of the omission will be provided. If any individual 

data elements were not provided, we will discuss the elements, frequency of omissions, and 

overall impact on the quality of the inventory.

4.3 Comparability Assessment 

Several summations of emissions data will be made to address comparability. Overall 

percentage differences for individual facilities (current year to prior year), industry types, 

processes, and statewide inventory will be calculated. Explanations of any large differences will 

be made.

4.4 Representativeness Assessment 

A statement will be prepared describing where national defaults have been used instead of local 

activity data. 

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

 Appendix D.1 - 19 

December 17, 2007
Project: ASIP 2002 Inventory

Section: 5

Revision No. 0

Revision Date: 3/17/2006

Page 1 of 1

5.0 REFERENCES 

1. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. March 2001. EPA Requirements for Quality 

Assurance Project Plans (EPA/240/B-01/003). http://www.epa.gov/quality/qs-docs/r5-

final.pdf

2. Emission Inventory Improvement Program (EIIP) Document Series - Volume VI Quality 

Assurance Procedures and DARS Software. EPA | TTN CHIEF | EIIP | Technical Reports | 

Volume VI Quality Assurance Procedures

3. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. November 18, 2002. 2002 Base Year Emission 

Inventory SIP Planning: 8-hr Ozone, PM2.5 and Regional Haze Programs. 

http://www.4cleanair.org/members/committee/criteria/EPA200211181.pdf

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

 Appendix D.1 - 20 

December 17, 2007
Appendix D.2 

Emissions Inventory Documentation 
Appendix D.2a 

Point Source Emissions 

Inventory Documentation 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2a - 1 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2a - 2 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

TABLE OF CONTENTS 

1. INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................................................... 4 

2. 2002 POINT SOURCE INVENTORY DEVELOPMENT ........................................................ 4 

2.1 Development of 2002 Actual Point Source Inventory.................................................... 5 

2.1.1 Consolidated Emissions Reporting Rule .................................................................... 5 

2.1.2 Initial Data Evaluation ................................................................................................ 6 

2.1.3 PM Augmentation....................................................................................................... 7 

2.1.4 EGU Analysis ............................................................................................................. 9 

2.1.5 Emission Inventory QA Review ............................................................................... 11 

2.1.6 Summary of the 2002 Actual Inventory.................................................................... 11 

2.2 Development of Typical Year EGU Inventory............................................................. 12 

3. 2018 POINT SOURCE EMISSIONS INVENTORY DEVELOPMENT................................ 14 

3.1 EGU Emission Projections ........................................................................................... 14 

3.1.1 Chronology of the Development of EGU Projections .............................................. 15 

3.1.2 VISTAS/MRPO IPM runs for EGU sources ............................................................ 16 

3.1.3 Post-Processing of IPM Parsed Files ........................................................................ 17 

3.1.4 Eliminating Double Counting of EGU Units............................................................ 19 

3.1.5 Quality Assurance steps............................................................................................ 20 

3.1.6 S/L Adjustments to IPM Modeling Results.............................................................. 21 

3.2 Non-EGU Emission Projections ................................................................................... 22 

3.2.1 Growth assumptions for non-EGU sources .............................................................. 23 

3.2.2 Control Programs applied to non-EGU sources........................................................ 25 

3.2.3 Quality Assurance steps............................................................................................ 27 

4. Emission Inventory Summaries ................................................................................................ 28 

4.1 Summary of EGU Point Source Inventories................................................................. 28 

4.2 Summary of non-EGU Point Source Inventories.......................................................... 32 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2a - 3 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

LIST OF TABLES 

Table 2.1.3-1. Comparison of North Carolina PM Emissions: CERR versus the 2002 VISTAS 

Point Source Inventory ........................................................................................................... 9 

Table 2.1.6-1 2002 Actual Point Source Inventory for North Carolina....................................... 12 

Table 2.2-1 NOx Emissions Comparison for EGUs..................................................................... 13 

Table 3.1.6-1 NCDAQ Adjustments to IPM Results for the 2009 and 2018 EGU Inventories .. 22 

Table 4.1-1 EGU Point Source SO2 Emission Comparison ........................................................ 29 

Table 41.7-2 EGU Point Source NOx Emission Comparison...................................................... 29 

Table 4.1-3 EGU Point Source VOC Emission Comparison ...................................................... 30 

Table 4.1-4 EGU Point Source CO Emission Comparison ......................................................... 30 

Table 4.1-5 EGU Point Source PM10-PRI Emission Comparison............................................... 31 

Table 4.1-6 EGU Point Source PM2.5 -PRI Emission Comparison ............................................. 31 

Table 4.1-7 EGU Point Source NH3 Emission Comparison........................................................ 32 

Table 4.2-1 Non-EGU Point Source SO2 Emission Comparison ................................................ 32 

Table 4.2-2 Non-EGU Point Source NOx Emission Comparison................................................ 33 

Table 4.2-3 Non-EGU Point Source VOC Emission Comparison .............................................. 33 

Table 4.2-4 Non-EGU Point Source CO Emission Comparison ................................................. 34 

Table 4.2-5 Non-EGU Point Source PM10-PRI Emission Comparison....................................... 34 

Table 4.2-6 Non-EGU Point Source PM25-PRI Emission Comparison ..................................... 35 

Table 4.2-7 Non-EGU Point Source NH3 Emission Comparison................................................ 35 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2a - 4 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

1. INTRODUCTION 

The regional haze modeling was performed by the Southeast Regional Planning Organization, 

Visibility Improvement State and Tribal Association of the Southeast (VISTAS) and is run by 

the ten Southeast states (Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Mississippi, North Carolina, 

South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia and West Virginia) and the local programs and tribal 

agencies located within these states. The regional haze modeling uses annual simulations and 

includes an intermediate year. VISTAS developed emission estimates for all pollutants of 

concern for regional haze. 

2. 2002 POINT SOURCE INVENTORY DEVELOPMENT 

This section details the development of the 2002 base year inventory for point sources. There 

were two major components to the development of the point source sector of the inventory. The 

first component was the incorporation of data submitted by State and Local (S/L) agencies to the 

United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) as part of the Consolidated Emissions 

Reporting Rule (CERR) requirements. Work on incorporating the CERR data into the revised 

base year involved: 1) obtaining the data from the USEPA or the S/L agencies, 2) evaluating the 

emissions and pollutants reported in the CERR submittals, 3) augmenting CERR data with 

annual emission estimates for primary coarse particulate matter (PM10-PRI) and primary fine 

particulate matter (PM2.5-PRI); 4) evaluating the emissions from electric generating units, 

5) completing quality assurance reviews for each component of the point source inventory, and 

6) updating the database with corrections or new information from S/L agencies based on their 

review of the 2002 inventory. The processes used to perform the emission inventory 

development are described in the first portion of this section. 

The second component was the development of a “typical” year inventory for electric generating 

units (EGUs). The VISTAS states determined that a typical year EGU inventory was necessary 

to smooth out any anomalies in emissions from the EGU sector due to meteorology, economic, 

and outage factors in 2002. The typical year EGU inventory is intended to represent the five-year 

(2000-2004) period that will be used to determine the regional baseline and to determine the 

regional haze reasonable progress goals. The second part of this section discusses the 

development of the typical year EGU inventory. 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2a - 5 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

2.1 Development of 2002 Actual Point Source Inventory 

VISTAS/ASIP contracted with MACTEC to develop the 2002 emission inventory. The North 

Carolina Division of Air Quality (NCDAQ) submitted the most updated statewide emission 

inventory to the contractor with the exception of the emissions from the three local programs. 

For the three local programs, Forsyth, Mecklenburg, and Buncombe Counties, the CERR 

submittal from the USEPA was used. Once all of the files were obtained, MACTEC ran the files 

through the USEPA’s National Emissions Inventory (NEI) Input Format (NIF) Basic Format and 

Content checking tool to ensure that the files were submitted in standard NIF format and that 

there were no referential integrity issues with the files. 

The primary task in preparing the 2002 base year point source inventory was the incorporation of 

corrections and new information as submitted by the S/L agencies based on their review of the 

previous draft versions of the inventory. The following subsections document the data sources 

for the inventory, the checks made on the CERR submittals, the evaluation of EGU emissions, 

and other quality assurance/quality control (QA/QC) checks. The final subsection summarizes 

the 2002 point source inventory by sector (EGU and non-EGU). 

Throughout the development of the point source emissions inventory, the NCDAQ completed 

detailed reviews of the inventories prepared by the VISTAS contractor and provided comments 

and data corrections when needed. 

2.1.1 Consolidated Emissions Reporting Rule 

The CERR was published in the Federal Register on June 10, 2002 (67 Federal Register 39602). 

This brief summary is provided as a quick introduction to the CERR and covers the major items 

in the rule. 

The purpose of the CERR is to simplify reporting, offer options for data collection and exchange, 

and unify reporting dates for various categories of criteria pollutant emission inventories. The 

rule applies to S/L agencies. Previous reporting requirements have, at times, forced reporting 

agencies into inefficient collecting and reporting activities. This rule consolidates the emission 

inventory reporting requirements found in various parts of the Clean Air Act (CAA). 

Consolidation of reporting requirements will enable S/L agencies to better explain to program 

managers and the public the necessity for a consistent inventory program, increases the 

efficiency of the emission inventory program, and provide more consistent and uniform data. 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2a - 6 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

States are required to prepare a comprehensive statewide inventory every three years. The first 

inventory was for the year 2002 and was due June 1, 2004. This CERR inventory was used for 

the VISTAS 2002 base year.

2.1.2 Initial Data Evaluation 

MACTEC conducted an initial review of the 2002 point source CERR data. The following 

evaluations were completed to identify potential data quality issues associated with the 

CERR data: 

• Compared the number of sites in the CERR submittal to the number of sites in the 

VISTAS draft 2002 inventory; the number of sites in the CERR submittal was less than 

in the VISTAS draft 2002 inventory, since the CERR data was limited to major sources, 

while the VISTAS draft 2002 inventory contained data for both major and minor sources; 

verified with S/L contacts that minor sources not included in the CERR point source 

inventory were included in the CERR area source inventory. 

• Checked for correct pollutant codes and corrected to make them NIF-compliant. 

• Checked for types of particulate matter (PM) codes reported (i.e., PM-FIL, PM-CON, 

PM-PRI, PM10-PRI, PM10-FIL, PM25-PRI, PM25-FIL); corrected codes with obvious 

errors (i.e., changed PMPRI to PM-PRI). The PM augmentation process for filling in 

missing PM pollutants is discussed later in Section 2.1.3. 

• Converted all emission values that were not in tons to tons to allow for preparation of 

emission summaries using consistent units. 

• Checked start and end dates in the NIF files to confirm consistency with the 2002 base 

year. 

• Compared annual and daily emissions when daily emissions were reported; in some 

cases, the daily value was non-zero (but very small) but the annual value was zero. This 

was generally the result of rounding in an S/L agency’s submittal. 

• Compared ammonia (NH3) emissions as reported in the CERR submittals and the 2002 

Toxics Release Inventory; worked with S/L agencies to resolve any outstanding 

discrepancies. 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2a - 7 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

• Compared sulfur dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) emissions for EGUs to the 

USEPA’s Clean Air Markets Division (CAMD) continuous emission monitoring (CEM) 

database to identify any outstanding discrepancies. A full discussion of the EGU 

emissions analysis is discussed later in Section 2.1.4. 

• Prepared State-level emission summaries by pollutant for both the EGU and non-EGU 

sectors to allow S/L agencies to compare emissions as reported in the 1999 NEI 

Version 2, the VISTAS draft 2002 inventory, and the CERR submittals. 

• Prepared facility-level emission summaries by pollutant to allow S/L agencies to review 

facility level emissions for reasonableness and accuracy. 

MACTEC communicated the results of these analyses through email/telephone exchanges 

with the S/L point source contacts as well as through Excel summary spreadsheets. The 

VISTAS S/L agencies submitted corrections and updates as necessary to resolve any QA/QC 

issues from these checks. 

2.1.3 PM Augmentation 

Particulate matter emissions can be reported in many different forms, as follows: 

PM Category Description 

PM-PRI Primary PM (includes filterable and condensable) 

PM-CON Primary PM, condensable portion only (all less than 1 micron) 

PM-FIL Primary PM, filterable portion only 

PM10-PRI Primary PM10 (includes filterable and condensable) 

PM10-FIL Primary PM10, filterable portion only 

PM2.5-PRI Primary PM2.5 (includes filterable and condensable) 

PM2.5-FIL Primary PM2.5, filterable portion only 

North Carolina reports PM-PRI, PM10-PRI, and PM2.5–PRI in the CERR. From any one of these 

pollutants, the USEPA has developed augmentation procedures to estimate PM10-PRI, 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2a - 8 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

PM10-FIL, PM2.5-PRI, PM2.5-FIL, and PM-CON. If not included in a S/L inventory, PM10-PRI 

and PM2.5-PRI were calculated by adding PM10-FIL and PM-CON or PM2.5 -FIL and PM-CON, 

respectively. 

The procedures for augmenting point source PM emissions are documented in detail in the 

USEPA’s document Documentation for the Final 1999 National Emissions Inventory {Version 

3} for Criteria Air Pollutants and Ammonia – Point Sources, January 31, 2004. 

(http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/net/1999inventory.html). Briefly, the PM data augmentation 

procedure includes the following five steps: 

• Step 1: Prepare S/L/Tribal PM and PM10 Emissions for Input to the PM Calculator 

• Step 2: Develop and Apply Source-Specific Conversion Factors 

• Step 3: Prepare Factors from PM Calculator 

• Step 4: Develop and Apply Algorithms to Estimate Emissions from S/L/Tribal Inventory 

Data 

• Step 5: Review Results and Update the NEI with Emission Estimates and Control 

Information. 

Please refer to the USEPA documentation for a complete description of the PM augmentation 

procedures. 

Table 2.1.3-1compares the original PM emission estimates from the North Carolina CERR 

submittals and the revised 2002 VISTAS emissions estimates calculated using the above 

methodology. This table is intended to show that MACTEC took whatever State/Local provided 

in the way of PM and filled in gaps to add in PM-CON where emissions were missing in order to 

calculate PM10-PRI and PM2.5 -PRI for all processes to get a complete set of particulate data. 

MACTEC did not compare any other pollutants besides PM, since for other pollutants CERR 

emissions equal VISTAS emissions
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2a - 9 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

Table 2.1.3-1. Comparison of North Carolina PM Emissions: CERR versus the 2002 

VISTAS Point Source Inventory 

Database PM-PRI PM-FIL PM-CON PM10-PRI PM10-FIL PM2.5-PRI PM2.5-FIL 

CERR 48,110 0 0 36,222 0 24,159 0 

VISTAS 48,114 41,407 6,708 36,992 30,284 27,512 21,113 

Note 1: CERR refers to data as submitted by S/L agencies; VISTAS refers to data calculated by MACTEC using 

the PM augmentation methodologies described in this document. 

Note 2: The emission values in the VISTAS emission rows above differ slightly from the final values in the 

inventory. This is due to several corrections and updates to the 2002 inventory submitted by S/L agencies after the 

PM augmentation was performed as discussed in Section 2.1.3. 

After the PM augmentation process was performed, MACTEC executed a series of checks to 

identify potential inconsistencies in the PM inventory. These checks included: 

• PM-PRI less than PM10-PRI, PM2.5 -PRI, PM10-FIL, PM2.5 -FIL, or PM-CON; 

• PM-FIL less than PM10-FIL or PM2.5 -FIL; 

• PM10-PRI less than PM2.5 -PRI, PM10-FIL, PM2.5 -FIL or PM-CON; 

• PM10-FIL less than PM2.5 -FIL; 

• PM25-PRI less than PM2.5 -FIL or PM-CON; 

• The sum of PM10-FIL and PM-CON not equal to PM10-PRI; and 

• The sum of PM2.5 -FIL and PM-CON not equal to PM2.5 -PRI. 

MACTEC asked S/L agencies to review this information and provide corrections where the 

inconsistencies were significant. 

Note that for the inventory, only the PM10-PRI and PM2.5-PRI emission estimates were retained 

since they are the only two PM species that are included in the air quality modeling. Other PM 

species were removed from the inventory to facilitate emissions modeling. 

2.1.4 EGU Analysis 

MACTEC made a comparison of the annual SO2 and NOx emissions for EGUs as reported in the 

S/L agencies CERR submittals and the data from the USEPA’s CAMD CEM database to identify 

any outstanding discrepancies. Facilities report hourly CEM data to the USEPA for units that are 

subject to CEM reporting requirements of the NOx SIP Call rule and Title IV of the CAA. The 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2a - 10 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

USEPA sums the hourly CEM emissions to the annual level, and MACTEC compared these 

annual CEM emissions to those in the S/L inventories. The 2002 CEM inventory containing 

NOx and SO2 emissions and heat input data were downloaded from the USEPA CAMD web site 

(www.epa.gov/airmarkets). The data were provided by quarter and emission unit. 

The first step in the EGU analysis involved preparing a crosswalk file to match facilities and 

units in the CAMD inventory to facilities and units in the S/L inventories. In the CAMD 

inventory, the Office of Regulatory Information Systems (ORIS) identification (ID) code 

identifies unique facilities and the unit ID identifies unique boilers and internal combustion 

engines (i.e., turbines and reciprocating engines). In the North Carolina point source emissions 

inventories, the state and county code (FIPS code) and State facility ID together identify unique 

facilities and the emission unit ID identifies unique boilers or internal combustion engines. In 

most cases, there is a one-to-one correspondence between the CAMD identifiers and the S/L 

identifiers. However, in some of the S/L inventories, the emissions for multiple emission units 

are summed and reported under one emission unit ID. MACTEC created an Excel spreadsheet 

that contained an initial crosswalk with the ORIS ID and unit ID in the CEM inventory matched 

to the State and county FIPS, State facility ID, and emission unit ID in the emissions inventories. 

The initial crosswalk contained both the annual emissions summed from the CAMD database, as 

well as, the S/L emission estimate. The matching at the facility level was nearly complete. In 

some cases, however, S/L agencies or stakeholders’ assistance was needed to match some of the 

CEM units to emission units in the S/L inventories. 

The second step in the EGU analysis was to prepare an Excel spreadsheet that compared the 

annual emissions from the hourly CAMD inventory to the annual emissions reported in the S/L 

inventory. The facility-level comparison of CEM to emission inventory NOx and SO2 emissions 

found that for most facilities, the annual emissions from the S/L inventory equaled the CAMD 

CEM emissions. Minor differences could be explained because the facility in the S/L inventory 

contained additional small or emergency units that were not included in the CAMD database. 

The final step in the EGU analysis was to compare the SO2 and NOx emissions for select 

Southern Company units in the VISTAS region. Southern Company is a super-regional 

company that owns EGUs in four VISTAS States (Alabama, Florida, Georgia, and Mississippi) 

and participates in VISTAS as an industry stakeholder. Southern Company independently 

provided emission estimates for 2002 as part of the development of the preliminary VISTAS 

2002 inventory. Emission estimates were reviewed by the States and incorporated into the States 

CERR submittal. There were no major inconsistencies between the Southern Company data, the 

CAMD data, and the S/L CERR data. 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2a - 11 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

The minor inconsistencies found included small differences in emission estimates (<2 percent 

difference), exclusion/inclusion of small gas-fired units in the different databases, and grouping 

of emission units in S/L CERR submittals where CAMD listed each unit individually. MACTEC 

compared SO2 and NOx emissions on a unit-by-unit basis and did not find any major 

inconsistencies. 

2.1.5 Emission Inventory QA Review 

Throughout the inventory development process, QA steps were performed to ensure that no 

double counting of emissions occurred, and to ensure that a full and complete inventory was 

developed for VISTAS. QA was an important component to the inventory development process 

and MACTEC performed the following QA steps on the point source component of the VISTAS 

revised 2002 base year inventory: 

1. Facility level emission summaries were prepared and evaluated to ensure that 

emissions were consistent and that there were no missing sources. 

2. State-level EGU and non-EGU comparisons (by pollutant) were developed between 

the 2002 base year inventory, the draft VISTAS 2002 inventory, and the 1999 NEI 

Version 2 inventory. 

3. Data product summaries and raw NIF 3.0 data files were provided to the VISTAS 

Emission Inventory Technical Advisor and to the Point Source, EGU, and non-EGU 

Special Interest Work Group representatives for review and comment. Changes based 

on these comments were reviewed and approved by the S/L point source contact prior 

to implementing the changes in the files. 

Version numbering was used for all inventory files developed. The version numbering process 

used a decimal system to track major and minor changes. 

2.1.6 Summary of the 2002 Actual Inventory 

Tables 2.1.6-1 summarize the final 2002 actual base year inventory for North Carolina. All 

values are in tons per year. The EGU emissions include the emissions from all processes with a 

Source Classification Code (SCC) of either 1-01-xxx-xx (External Combustion Boilers – Electric 

Generation) or 2-01-xxx-xx (Internal Combustion Engines – Electric Generation). Emissions for 

all other SCCs are included in the non-EGU column. 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2a - 12 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

Table 2.1.6-1 2002 Actual Point Source Inventory for North Carolina 

Pollutant All Point 

Sources EGUs Non-EGUs 

SO2 522,113 477,990 44,123 

NOx 196,782 151,854 44,928 

VOC 62,170 988 61,182 

CO 64,461 13,885 50,576 

PM10-PRI 36,592 22,754 13,838 

PM2.5-PRI 26,998 16,498 10,500 

NH3 1,234 54 1,180 

VOC = Volatile Organic Compounds 

CO = Carbon Monoxide 

2.2 Development of Typical Year EGU Inventory 

VISTAS developed a typical year 2002 emission inventory for EGUs to avoid anomalies in 

emissions due to variability in meteorology, economic, and outage factors in 2002. The typical 

year inventory represents the five year (2000-2004) period, which are the years used to calculate 

the regional haze baseline. 

Data from the USEPA’s CAMD were used to develop normalization factors for producing a 

2002 typical year inventory for EGUs. The VISTAS contractor used the ratio of the 2000-2004 

average heat input and the 2002 actual heat input to normalize the 2002 actual emissions. 

MACTEC obtained data from the USEPA CAMD for utilities regulated by the Acid Rain 

program. Annual data for the period 2000 to 2004 were obtained from the CAMD web site. The 

parameters available were the SO2 and NOx emission rates, heat input, and operating hours. 

MACTEC used the actual 2002 heat input and the average heat input for the 5-year period from 

2000-2004 as the normalization factor, as follows: 

Normalization Factor: 2000-2004 average heat input 

 2002 actual heat input

If the unit did not operate for all five years, then the 2000-2004 average heat input was calculated 

for the one or two years in which the unit did operate. The annual actual emissions were 

multiplied by the normalization factor to determine the typical emissions for 2002, as follows: 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2a - 13 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

Typical Emissions = 2002 actual emissions x Normalization Factor 

After applying the normalization factor, some adjustments were needed for special 

circumstances. For example, a unit may not have operated in 2002 and thus have zero emissions. 

If the unit had been permanently retired prior to 2002, then MACTEC used zero emissions for 

the typical year. If the unit had not been permanently retired and would normally operate in a 

typical year, then MACTEC used the 2001 (or 2000) heat input and emission rate to calculate the 

typical year emissions. 

The final step was to replace the 2002 actual emissions with the 2002 typical year data described 

above. MACTEC provided the raw data and results of the typical year calculations in a 

spreadsheet for S/L agency to review and comment. Any comments made were incorporated into 

the typical 2002 inventory. 

Table 2.2-1 summarizes emissions by State and pollutant for the actual 2002 EGU inventory and 

the typical year EGU inventory. For the entire VISTAS region, actual 2002 NOx emissions were 

about 0.1 percent lower than the typical year emissions. North Carolina’s actual 2002 NOx 

emissions were 2.0 percent higher than the typical year emissions. 

Table 2.2-1 NOx Emissions Comparison for EGUs 

NOx Emissions (tons/year) 

State 

Actual 2002 Typical 2002 Percentage 

Difference 

AL 161,038 154,704 3.9 

FL 257,677 282,507 -9.6 

GA 147,517 148,126 -0.4 

KY 198,817 201,928 -1.6 

MS 43,135 40,433 6.3 

NC 151,854 148,812 2.0 

SC 88,241 88,528 -0.3 

TN 157,307 152,137 3.3 

VA 86,886 85,081 2.1 

WV 230,977 222,437 3.7 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2a - 14 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

3. 2018 POINT SOURCE EMISSIONS INVENTORY DEVELOPMENT 

Different approaches were used for different sectors of the point source inventory. For the 

EGUs, VISTAS relied primarily on the Integrated Planning Model® (IPM), version 2.1.9, to 

project future generation, as well as, to calculate the impact of future emission control programs. 

The IPM results were adjusted based on S/L agency knowledge of planned emission controls at 

specific EGUs. For non-EGUs, VISTAS used recently updated growth and control data 

consistent with the data used in the USEPA’s Clean Air Interstate Rule (CAIR) analyses, and 

supplemented these data with available S/L agency input and updated fuel use forecast data for 

the United States Department of Energy. 

For both sectors, VISTAS generated 2018 inventory with control scenarios that account for post2002 emission reductions from promulgated and proposed Federal, State, Local, and site-specific 

control programs as of July 1, 2004. Section 3.1 discusses the EGU projection inventory 

development, while Section 3.2 discusses the non-EGU projection inventory development. 

3.1 EGU Emission Projections 

The following subsections discuss the aspects of the development of the EGU projections. 

• A chronology of the EGU development process used by MACTEC and discuss key 

decisions in selecting the final methods for performing the emissions projections. 

• The development of the final set of IPM runs that are included in the VISTAS 2018 

inventory. 

• The process of transforming the IPM parsed files into NIF format. 

• The process for ensuring that units accounted for in IPM were not double-counted in 

the non-EGU inventory. 

• The QA/QC checks that were made to ensure that the IPM results were properly 

incorporated into the VISTAS inventory. 

• The changes to the IPM results that S/L agencies requested to be included in the 

VISTAS inventory based on new information that was not accounted for in the IPM 

runs. 

• Summary of 2002 and 2018 EGU emissions by state 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2a - 15 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

3.1.1 Chronology of the Development of EGU Projections 

Initially, VISTAS considered three options for developing the 2009 and 2018 projection 

inventories for EGUs: 

• Option 1 – Use the results of IPM modeling conducted in support of the proposed CAIR 

base and control case analyses as the starting point and refine the projections with readily 

available inputs from stakeholders; these IPM runs were conducted for 2010 and 2015, 

which VISTAS would use to represent projected emissions in 2009 and 2018 

respectively. 

• Option 2 – Use the VISTAS 2002 typical year as the starting point, apply growth factors 

from the Energy Information Administration, and refine future emission rates with 

stakeholder input regarding utilization rates, capacity, retirements, and new unit 

information. 

• Option 3 – Use the results of a new round of IPM modeling sponsored by VISTAS and 

the Midwest Regional Planning Organization (MRPO). These runs incorporated 

VISTAS specific unit and regulation modified parameters, and generate results for 2018 

explicitly. 

An additional consideration for each of the three options was the inclusion of emission 

projections developed by the Southern Company specifically for their units. Southern Company 

used their energy budget forecast to project net generation and heat input for every existing and 

future Southern Company EGU for the year 2018. 

Each of these three options and the Southern Company projections were discussed in a series of 

conference calls with the VISTAS EGU Special Interest Work Group (SIWG) during the fall of 

2004. During a conference call on December 6, 2004, the VISTAS EGU SIWG approved the 

use of the latest VISTAS/MRPO sponsored IPM runs (Option 3) to represent 2018 EGU 

forecasts of emissions the future year cases. 

The Option 3 IPM modeling resulted from a joint agreement by VISTAS and MRPO to work 

together to develop future year utility emissions based on IPM modeling. The decision to use 

IPM modeling was based in part on a study of utility forecast methods by E.H. Pechan and 

Associates, Inc. (Pechan) for MRPO, which recommended IPM as a viable methodology. 

Although the USEPA used IPM recently to support their rulemaking for the CAIR, VISTAS 

stakeholders felt that certain model inputs needed to be improved. Thus, VISTAS and MRPO 

decided to hire contractors to conduct new IPM modeling and to post-process the IPM results. 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2a - 16 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

For 2018, Southern Company projections were generally less than IPM because of assumptions 

made by Southern Company on which units would be economical to control and incorrect data in 

the NEEDS database which feeds IPM. 

In August 2004, VISTAS contracted with ICF to run IPM to provide utility forecasts for 2018 

under two future scenarios – Base Case and CAIR Case. The Base Case represents the current 

operation of the power system under currently known laws and regulations, including those that 

come into force in the study horizon. The CAIR Case is the Base Case with the proposed CAIR 

rule superimposed. The run results were parsed at the unit level for 2018. The IPM output files 

were delivered by ICF in November, and the post-processed data files were delivered by Pechan 

in December 2004. 

On March 10, 2005, the USEPA issued the final CAIR. VISTAS and MRPO, in conjunction 

with other regional planning organizations (RPOs), conducted another round of IPM modeling, 

which reflected changes to control assumptions based on the final CAIR as well as additional 

changes to model inputs based on S/L agency and stakeholder comments. Several conference 

calls were conducted in the spring/summer of 2005 to discuss and provide comments on IPM 

assumptions related to six main topics: power system operation, generating resources, emission 

control technologies, set-up parameters and rule, financial assumptions, and fuel assumptions. 

For the summer 2006 set of IPM runs, ICF generated two different parsed files. One file 

includes all fuel burning units (fossil, biomass, landfill gas), as well as, non-fuel burning units 

(hydro, wind, etc.). The second file contains just the fossil-fuel burning units (e.g., emissions 

from biomass and landfill gas are omitted). The RPOs decided to use the fossil-only file for 

modeling to be consistent with the USEPA, since the USEPA used the fossil only results for 

CAIR analyses. For the 10 VISTAS states, non-fossil fuels accounted for only 0.13 percent of 

the NOx emissions and 0.04 percent of the SO2 emissions in the 2018 IPM runs 

VISTAS asked S/L agencies to review the results of the summer 2006 set of IPM runs, which 

were incorporated into the VISTAS inventory. The NCDAQ primarily reviewed and commented 

on the IPM results with respect to IPM decisions on NOx post-combustion controls and SO2

scrubbers. The NCDAQ decided to let the IPM solve the 2018 emissions. 

3.1.2 VISTAS/MRPO IPM runs for EGU sources 

The following summary of the VISTAS/MRPO IPM® modeling is based on ICF’s 

documentation Future Year Electricity Generating Sector Emission Inventory Development 

Using the IPM® in Support of Fine Particulate Mass and Visibility Modeling in the VISTAS and 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2a - 17 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

Midwest RPO Regions, April 2005. The ICF documentation is to be used as an extension to the 

USEPA's proposed CAIR modeling runs documented in Documentation Supplement for EPA 

Modeling Applications (V.2.1.6) Using the IPM, EPA 430/R-03-007, July 2003. 

IPM provides “forecasts of least-cost capacity expansion, electricity dispatch, and emission 

control strategies for meeting energy demand and environmental, transmission, dispatch, and 

reliability constraints.” The underlying database in this modeling is the USEPA’s National 

Electric Energy Data System (NEEDS) released with the CAIR Notice of Data Availability 

(NODA). The NEEDS database contains the existing and planned/committed unit data in the 

USEPA modeling applications of IPM. NEEDS includes basic geographic, operating, air 

emissions, and other data on these generating units. VISTAS States and stakeholders provided 

changes for: 

• NOx post-combustion control on existing units 

• SO2 scrubbers on existing units 

• SO2 emission limitations 

• PM controls on existing units 

• Summer net dependable capacity 

• Heat rate for existing units 

• SO2 and NOx control plans based on State rules or enforcement settlements 

The years 2009 and 2018 were explicitly modeled in this set of runs. Again, the NCDAQ decided 

to let the IPM model solve the 2018 emissions. 

3.1.3 Post-Processing of IPM Parsed Files 

The following summary of the VISTAS/MRPO IPM modeling is based on Pechan’s 

documentation LADCO IPM Model Parsed File Post-Processing Methodology and File 

Preparation, February 8, 2005. The essence of the IPM model post-processing methodology is 

to take an initial IPM model output file and transform it into air quality model input files. ICF 

via VISTAS/MRPO provided an initial spreadsheet file containing unit-level records of both 

(1) “existing” units and (2) committed or new generic aggregates. 

All records have unit and fuel type data; existing, retrofit (for SO2 and NOx), and separate NOx

control information; annual SO2 and NOx emissions and heat input; summer season (MaySeptember) NOx and heat input; July day NOx and heat input; coal heat input by coal type; 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2a - 18 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

nameplate capacity (mega-watts), and State FIPS code. Existing units also have county FIPS 

code, a unique plant identifier (ORISPL) and unit ID (also called boiler ID) (BLRID); generic 

units do not have these data. The processing includes estimating various types of emissions and 

adding in control efficiencies, stack parameters, latitude-longitude coordinates, and State 

identifiers (plant ID, point ID, stack ID, process ID). Additionally, the generic units are sited in 

a county and given appropriate IDs. This processing is described in more detail below. 

The data are prepared by transforming the generic aggregates into units similar to the existing 

units in terms of the available data. The generic aggregates are split into smaller generic units 

based on their unit types and capacity, are provided a dummy ORIS unique plant and boiler ID, 

and are given a county FIPS code based on an algorithm that sites each generic by assigning a 

sister plant that is in a county based on its attainment/nonattainment status. Within a State, 

plants (in county then ORIS plant code order) in attainment counties are used first as sister sites 

to generic units, followed by plants in PM2.5 nonattainment counties, followed by plants in 

8-hour ozone nonattainment counties. Note that no LADCO or VISTAS States provided 

blackout counties that would not be considered when siting generics, so this process is identical 

to the one used for the USEPA IPM post-processing. 

SCCs were assigned for all units; unit/fuel/firing/bottom type data were used for existing units’ 

assignments, while only unit and fuel type were used for generic units’ assignments. Latitudelongitude coordinates were assigned, first using the USEPA-provided data files, secondly using 

the September 17, 2004 Pechan in-house latitude-longitude file, and lastly using county 

centroids. These data were only used when the data were not provided in the 2002 NIF files. 

Stack parameters were attached, first using the USEPA-provided data files, secondly using a 

March 9, 2004 Pechan in-house stack parameter file based on previous Energy Information 

Adminitration form 767 (EIA-767) data, and lastly using an the USEPA June 2003 SCC-based 

default stack parameter file. These data were only used when the data were not provided in the 

2002 NIF files. 

Additional data were required for estimating VOC, CO, filterable primary PM10 and PM2.5, PM 

condensable, and NH3 emissions for all units. Thus, ash and sulfur contents were assigned by 

first using 2002 EIA-767 values for existing units or SCC-based defaults; filterable PM10 and 

PM2.5 efficiencies were obtained from the 2002 EGU NEI that were based on 2002 EIA-767 

control data and the PM Calculator program (a default of 99.2 percent is used for coal units if 

necessary); fuel use was back calculated from the given heat input and a default SCC-based heat 

content; and emission factors were obtained from an USEPA-approved October 7, 2004 Pechan 

emission factor file based on the USEPA’s AP-42 emission factors. Note that this updated file is 

not the one used for estimating emissions for previous USEPA post-processed IPM files. 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2a - 19 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

Emissions for 28 temporal-pollutant combinations were estimated since there are seven 

pollutants (VOC, CO, primary PM10 and PM2.5, NH3, SO2 and NOx) and four temporal periods 

(annual, summer season, winter season, July day). 

The next step was to match the IPM unit IDs with the identifiers in VISTAS 2002 inventory. A 

crosswalk file was used to obtain FIPS State and county, plant ID (within State and county), and 

point ID. If the FIPS State and county, plant ID and point ID are in the 2002 VISTAS NIF 

tables, then the process ID and stack ID are obtained from the NIF; otherwise, defaults, described 

above, were used. 

Pechan provided the post-processed files in NIF 3.0 format. Two sets of tables were developed: 

“NIF files” for IPM units that have a crosswalk match and are in the 2002 VISTAS inventory, 

and “NoNIF files” for IPM units that are not in the 2002 VISTAS inventory (which includes 

existing units with or without a crosswalk match as well as generic units). 

3.1.4 Eliminating Double Counting of EGU Units 

The following procedures were used to avoid double counting of EGU emissions in the 2018 

point source inventory. The 2002 VISTAS point source emission inventory contains both EGUs 

and non-EGUs. Since this file contains both EGUs and non-EGU point sources, and EGU 

emissions are projected using the IPM, it was necessary to split the 2002 point source file into 

two components. The first component contains those emission units accounted for in the IPM 

forecasts. The second component contains all other point sources not accounted for in IPM. 

As described in the previous section, Pechan developed 2018 NIF files for EGUs from the IPM 

parsed files. All IPM matched units were initially removed from the 2018 point source inventory 

to create the non-EGU inventory (which was projected to 2018 using the non-EGU growth and 

control factors described in Section 3.2.1). This was done on a unit-by-unit basis based on a 

cross-reference table that matches IPM emission unit identifiers (ORISPL plant code and BLRID 

emission unit code) to VISTAS NIF emission unit identifiers (FIPSST state code, FIPSCNTY 

county code, State Plant ID, State Point ID). When there was a match between the IPM 

ORISPL/BLRID and the VISTAS emission unit ID, the unit was assigned to the EGU inventory; 

all other emission units were assigned to the non-EGU inventory. 

If an emission unit was contained in the NIF files created by Pechan from the IPM output, the 

corresponding unit was removed from the initial 2018 point source inventory. The NIF 2018 

EGU files from the IPM parsed files were then merged with the non-EGU 2018 files to create the 

2018 point source files. 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2a - 20 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

Next, MACTEC prepared several ad-hoc QA/QC queries to verify that there was no doublecounting of emissions in the EGU and non-EGU inventories: 

• MACTEC reviewed the IPM parsed files to identify EGUs accounted for in IPM. 

MACTEC compared this list of emission units to the non-EGU inventory derived from 

the VISTAS cross-reference table to verify that units accounted for in IPM were not 

double-counted in the non-EGU inventory. As a result of this comparison, MACTEC 

made a few adjustments in the cross-reference table to add emission units for four plants 

to ensure these units accounted for in IPM were moved to the EGU inventory. 

• MACTEC reviewed the non-EGU inventory to identify remaining emission units with a 

Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) code of “4911 Electrical Services” or SCC of “1-

01-xxx-xx External Combustion Boiler, Electric Generation”. 

• MACTEC compared the list of sources meeting these selection criteria to the IPM parsed 

file to ensure that these units were not double-counted. 

MACTEC asked S/L agencies to review the 2018 point source inventory to verify whether there 

was any double counting of EGU emissions. 

3.1.5 Quality Assurance steps 

Quality assurance was an important component to the inventory development process and 

MACTEC performed the following QA steps on the EGU component of the VISTAS revised 

2009 and 2018 EGU inventories: 

1. Provided parsed files (i.e., Excel spreadsheets that provide unit-level results derived from 

the model plant projections obtained by the IPM) to the VISTAS EGU SIWG for review 

and comment. 

2. Provided facility level emission summaries for 2018 for both the base case and CAIR 

case to the VISTAS EGU SIWG to ensure that emissions were consistent and that there 

were no missing sources. 

3. Compared State-level emissions from the IPM parsed files with the post-processed NIF 

files to verify that the post-processed NIF files were consistent with the IPM parsed file 

results. 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2a - 21 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

VISTAS requested S/L review of these files – the changes specified by North Carolina as a result 

of this review are documented in the following subsection. 

3.1.6 S/L Adjustments to IPM Modeling Results 

After the S/L agency review of the final set of IPM runs, S/L agencies specified a number of 

changes to the IPM results to better reflect current information on when and where future 

controls would occur. These changes to the IPM results primarily involved S/L agency addition 

or subtraction of future emission controls based on the best available data from state rules, 

enforcement agreements, compliance plans, permits, and discussions/commitments from 

individual companies. 

For example, Duke Energy and Progress Energy have updated their plans for complying with 

North Carolina’s Clean Smokestack Act. These plans vary substantially from the IPM results 

both in terms current and future controls and timing of these controls. As a result, NCDAQ 

replaced the IPM emission projections for 2009 with projections from the Duke Energy and 

Progress Energy compliance plan. The NCDAQ elected to use the IPM results for 2018. 

Some S/L agencies specified changes to the controls assigned by IPM to reflect their best 

estimates of emission controls. The VISTAS contractors used a scrubber control efficiency of 90 

percent when adding or removing SO2 scrubber controls, used a control efficiency of 90 percent 

when adding or removing NOx SCR controls at coal-fired plants, 80 percent when adding or 

removing NOx SCR controls at gas-fired plants, and 35 percent when adding or removing NOx

SNCR controls. The specific changes from the NCDAQ to the IPM results are also summarized 

in Table 3.1.6-1. 

S/L agencies provided information and/or comment on changes in stack parameters from the 

2002 inventory for the 2009 and 2018 inventories. Changes to stack parameters were also made 

in cases where new controls are scheduled to be installed. In cases where an emission unit 

projected to have a SO2 scrubber in either 2009 or 2018, some states were able to provide revised 

stack parameters for some units based on design features for the new control system. Other units 

projected to install scrubbers by 2009 or 2018 are not far enough along in the design process to 

have specific design details. For those units, the VISTAS EGU SIWG made the following 

assumptions: 1) the scrubber is a wet scrubber; 2) keep the current stack height the same; 3) keep 

the current flow rate the same, and 4) change the stack exit temperature to 169 °F (this is the 

virtual temperature derived from a wet temperature of 130 °F). VISTAS determined that exit 

temperature (wet) of 130 °F +/- 5 °F is representative of different size units and wet scrubber 

technology. A final table of the 2009 and 2018 NOx and SO2 controls that will be or are assumed 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2a - 22 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

to be applied to specific EGU emission units throughout the VISTAS states is presented in 

Appendix H.7. 

Table 3.1.6-1 NCDAQ Adjustments to IPM Results for the 2009 and 2018 EGU Inventories 

Plant Name and ID Unit Nature of Update/Correction 

G G Allen (2718) 

Belews Creek (8042)1 

Buck (2720) 

Cliffside (2721) 

Dan River (2723) 

Marshall (2727) 

Riverbend (2732) 

All 

Replaced all IPM 2009 results with emission projections 

from Duke Power’s NC Clean Smokestacks Act Compliance 

Plan for 2006. Used IPM results for 2018. 

Asheville (2706) 

Cape Fear (2708) 

Lee (2709) 

Mayo (6250) 

Roxboro (2712) 

Sutton (2713) 

Weatherspoon (2716) 

All 

Replaced all IPM 2009 results with emission projections 

from Progress Energy’s NC Clean Smokestacks Act 

Compliance Plan for 2006. Used IPM results for 2018. 

Dwayne Collier Battle 

Cogeneration Facility 

ORISID=10384 

GEN1 

GEN2 

Dwayne Collier Battle is a duplicate entry. This is Cogentrix 

of Rocky Mount (37-065-3706500146, stacks G-26 and G27). Duplicate entries were removed from the 2009 and 2018 

inventory. 

Kannapolis Energy 

Partners 

ORISID=10626 

GEN2 

GEN3 

Kannapolis Energy emissions are being used as credits for 

another facility. IPM emissions from this facility (37-025-

ORIS10626) were removed from the EGU inventory for 

2009 and 2018. Emissions from Kannapolis Energy (37-025-

3702500113) were carried forward in the 2009/2018 

inventory. 

3.2 Non-EGU Emission Projections 

The general approach for assembling future year data was to use recently updated growth and 

control data consistent with the data used in the USEPA’s CAIR analyses, supplement these data 

with available stakeholder input, and provide the results for stakeholder review to ensure 

credibility. The VISTAS contractor used the 2002 VISTAS base year inventory, based on the 

2002 CERR submittals as the starting point for the non-EGU projection inventory. The 2002 

VISTAS/ASIP point source emission inventory contains both EGUs and non-EGUs. Since this 

file contains both EGUs and non-EGU point sources, and EGU emissions are projected using the 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2a - 23 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

IPM, it was necessary to split the 2002 point source file into two components. The first 

component contains those emission units accounted for in the IPM forecasts. The second 

component contains all other point sources not accounted for in IPM and constitutes the nonEGU emissions inventory. 

MACTEC performed the following activities to apply growth and control factors to the 2002 

non-EGU emissions inventory to generate the 2009 and 2018 projection inventories: 

• Obtained, reviewed, and applied the most current growth factors developed by the 

USEPA, based on forecasts from an updated Regional Economic Models, Inc. (REMI) 

model (version 5.5) and the latest Annual Energy Outlook published by the Department 

of Energy (DOE); 

• Obtained, reviewed, and applied any State-specific or sector-specific growth factors 

submitted by stakeholders; 

• Obtained and incorporated information regarding sources that have shut down after 2002 

and set the emissions to zero in the projection inventories; 

• Obtained, reviewed, and applied control assumptions; 

• Provided data files in NIF3.0 format and emission summaries in EXCEL format for 

review and comment; and 

• Updated the database with corrections or new information from S/L agencies based on 

their review of the 2009 and 2018 inventories. 

The following sections discuss each of these steps. 

3.2.1 Growth assumptions for non-EGU sources 

The growth factor data used in developing the emission inventory were consistent with the 

USEPA’s analyses for the CAIR rulemaking. These growth factors are fully documented in the 

USEPA’s reports entitled Development of Growth Factors for Future Year Modeling Inventories

(dated April 30, 2004) and CAIR Emission Inventory Overview (dated July 23, 2004). Three 

sources of data were used in developing the growth factors for the 2009 and 2018 emissions 

inventories: 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2a - 24 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

• State-specific growth rates from the Regional Economic Model, Inc. (REMI) Policy 

Insight® model, version 5.5 (being used in the development of the EGAS Version 5.0). 

The REMI socioeconomic data (output by industry sector, population, farm sector value 

added, and gasoline and oil expenditures) are available by 4-digit SIC code at the 

State level. 

• Energy consumption data from the Department of Energy, Energy Information 

Administration’s (EIA) Annual Energy Outlook 2004, with Projections through 2025 for 

use in generating growth factors for non-EGU fuel combustion sources. These data 

include regional or national fuel-use forecast data that were mapped to specific SCCs for 

the non-EGU fuel use sectors (e.g., commercial coal, industrial natural gas). Growth 

factors for the residential natural gas combustion category, for example, are based on 

residential natural gas consumption forecasts that are reported at the Census division 

level. These Census divisions represent a group of States (e.g., the South Atlantic 

division includes eight southeastern States and the District of Columbia). Although one 

would expect different growth rates in each of these States due to unique demographic 

and socioeconomic trends, all States within each division received the same growth rate.

• Specific changes for sectors (e.g., plastics, synthetic rubber, carbon black, cement 

manufacturing, primary metals, fabricated metals, motor vehicles and equipment) where 

the REMI-based rates were unrealistic or highly uncertain. Growth projections for these 

sectors were based on industry group forecasts, Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) 

projections and Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA) historical growth from 1987-2002. 

In addition to the growth data described above, VISTAS received two sets of growth projections 

from stakeholders. The American Forest and Paper Association (AF&PA) supplied growth 

projections for the pulp and paper sector, which were applied to SIC 26xx Paper and Allied 

Products, for growth from 2002 to 2009 and 2002 to 2018. The AF&PA projection factors 

(1.067 and 1.169, respectively) are for the United States industry and apply to all States equally. 

The number come from the 15-year forecast for world pulp and recovered paper prepared by 

Resource Information Systems Inc. (RISI). The VISTAS contractor used the above AF&PA 

growth factors by SIC instead of the factors obtained from the USEPA’s CAIR analysis for the 

2009 and 2018 emission inventories. 

The NCDAQ considered recent projections for three key sectors in North Carolina where 

declining production was anticipated – SIC 22xx Textile Mill Products, 23xx Apparel and Other 

Fabrics, and 25xx Furniture and Fixtures. For 2009 and 2018 inventories, the NCDAQ decided 

to use a growth factor of 1.0 for these SIC codes. Although the NCDAQ has data that shows a 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2a - 25 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

steady decline in these industries in North Carolina, the NCDAQ wanted to maintain the 

emission levels at 2002 levels so the future emission reduction credits were available in the event 

that they are needed for nonattainment areas. 

For the 2009 and 2018 inventories, the VISTAS/ASIP contractor made one additional change to 

the growth factors. The Annual Energy Outlook (AEO) 2004 data was replaced with the more 

recent AEO2006 forecasts (released in February 2006) to reflect changes in the energy market 

and to improve the emissions growth factors produced. The VISTAS contractor obtained the 

corresponding AEO2006 projection tables from DOE. VISTAS developed tables comparing the 

growth factors based on AEO2004 and AEO2006 and these comparison tables were reviewed by 

the S/L agencies. Based on this review, the VISTAS states decided to use the AEO2006 growth 

factors for fuel burning SCCs. 

VISTAS used the USEPA’s EGAS model and updated the corresponding AEO2006 projection 

tables to create growth factors by SCC. VISTAS applied the updated growth factors to 2002 

actual emissions and replaced the 2009 and 2018 emissions in NIF EM tables for the affected 

SCCs. 

3.2.2 Control Programs applied to non-EGU sources 

The VISTAS’s contractor developed a control scenario to address the CAA requirements. The 

control scenario accounts for post-2002 emission reductions from promulgated Federal, State, 

Local, and site-specific control programs and are listed below. 

• Atlanta / Northern Kentucky / Birmingham 1-hour ozone SIPs 

• Industrial Boiler/Process Heater/RICE MACT 

• NOx RACT in 1-hour NAA SIPs 

• NOx SIP Call (Phase I) 

• NOx SIP Call (Phase II) 

• RFP 3 percent Plans where in place for one hour plans 

• VOC 2-, 4-, 7-, and 10-year MACT Standards 

• Combustion Turbine MACT 

The methodologies used to account for the emission reductions associated with these emission 

control programs are discussed in the following sections. 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2a - 26 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

NOx SIP Call (Phase I)

Phase I of the NOx SIP call applies to certain large non-EGUs, including large industrial boilers 

and turbines, and cement kilns. States in the VISTAS region affected by the NOx SIP call have 

developed rules for the control of NOx emissions that have been approved by the USEPA. 

VISTAS reviewed the available State rules and guidance documents to determine the affected 

sources and ozone season allowances. VISTAS also obtained and reviewed information in the 

USEPA’s CAMD NOx Allowance Tracking System – Allowances Held Report. Since these 

controls are to be in effect by the year 2007, VISTAS capped the emissions for NOx SIP call 

affected sources at 2007 levels and carried forward the capped levels for the 2009 and 2018 

future year inventories. 

NOx SIP Call (Phase II)

The final Phase II NOx SIP call rule was finalized on April 21, 2004. States had until 

April 21, 2005, to submit SIPs meeting the Phase II NOx budget requirements. The Phase II rule 

applies to large IC engines, which are primarily used in pipeline transmission service at 

compressor stations. VISTAS identified affected units using the same methodology as was used 

by the USEPA in the proposed Phase II rule (i.e., a large IC engine is one that emitted, on 

average, more than 1 ton per day during 2002). The final rule reflects a control level of 82 

percent for natural gas-fired IC engines and 90 percent for diesel or dual fuel categories. North 

Carolina provided more specific information on the anticipated controls at the compressor 

stations. This information was used in the 2009 and 2018 inventories instead of the default 

approach used by the USEPA in the proposed Phase II rule. 

Industrial Boiler/Process Heater MACT

The USEPA anticipates reductions in PM and SO2 as a result of the Industrial Boiler/Process 

Heater MACT standard. The methods used to account for these reductions are the same as those 

used for the CAIR analysis. Reductions were included for existing units firing solid fuel (coal, 

wood, waste, biomass), which had a design capacity greater than 10 mmBtu/hr. The USEPA 

prepared a list of SCCs for solid fuel industrial, commercial/ institutional boilers and process 

heaters. The VISTAS contractor identified boilers greater than 10 mmBtu/hr using either the 

boiler capacity from the VISTAS 2002 inventory, or if the boiler capacity was missing, a default 

capacity based on a methodology developed by the USEPA for assigning default capacities 

based on SCC code. The applied MACT control efficiencies were 4 percent for SO2 and 40 for 

percent for PM10 and PM2.5. 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2a - 27 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

2, 4, 7, and 10-year MACT Standards

Maximum achievable control technology (MACT) requirements were also applied, as 

documented in the USEPA’s report entitled Control Packet Development and Data Sources, 

dated July 14, 2004. The point source MACTs and associated emission reductions were 

designed from Federal Register notices and discussions with the USEPA’s Emission Standards 

Division staff. VISTAS did not apply reductions for MACT standards with an initial compliance 

date of 2001 or earlier, assuming that the effects of these controls are already accounted for in 

the 2002 inventories supplied by the States. Emission reductions were applied only for MACT 

standards with an initial compliance date of 2002 or greater. 

Combustion Turbine MACT

The projection inventory does not include the NOx co-benefit effects of the MACT regulations 

for Gas Turbines or stationary Reciprocating Internal Combustion Engines, which the USEPA 

estimates to be small compared to the overall inventory. 

Clean Air Interstate Rule

CAIR does not require or assume additional emission reductions from non-EGU boilers and 

turbines. 

3.2.3 Quality Assurance steps 

Final QA checks were run on the revised projection inventory data set to ensure that all 

corrections provided by the S/L agencies and stakeholders were correctly incorporated into the 

S/L inventories and that there were no remaining QA issues that could be addressed during the 

duration of the project. After exporting the inventory to ASCII text files in NIF 3.0, the USEPA 

QA program was run on the ASCII files and the QA output was reviewed to verify that all QA 

issues that could be addressed were resolved. 

Throughout the inventory development process, quality assurance steps were performed to 

ensure that no double counting of emissions occurred, and to ensure that a full and complete 

inventory was developed for North Carolina. Quality assurance was an important component to 

the inventory development process and MACTEC performed the following QA steps on the 

point source component of the VISTAS inventory: 

1. Facility level emission summaries were prepared and evaluated to ensure that 

emissions were consistent and reasonable. The summaries included base year 2002 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2a - 28 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

emissions, 2009/2018 projected emissions accounting only for growth, 2009/2018 

projected emissions accounting for both growth and emission reductions from CAA 

controls. 

2. State-level non-EGU comparisons (by pollutant) were developed for the base year 

2002 emissions, 2009/2018 projected emissions accounting only for growth, 

2009/2018 projected emissions accounting for both growth and emission reductions 

from CAA controls. 

3. Data product summaries and raw NIF 3.0 data files were provided to the VISTAS 

Emission Inventory Technical Advisor and to the Point Source, EGU, and non-EGU 

Special Interest Work Group representatives for review and comment. Changes 

based on these comments were reviewed and approved by North Carolina point 

source contact prior to implementing the changes in the files. 

4. Version numbering was used for all inventory files developed. The version 

numbering process used a decimal system to track major and minor changes. 

4. Emission Inventory Summaries 

The following sections include the emissions inventory summaries for the point source for all of 

the states within the VISTAS region. The first section provides the 2002, 2009 and 2018 

emissions for the EGU sources and the second section provides the emissions for the non-EGU 

sources. 

4.1 Summary of EGU Point Source Inventories 

Tables 4.1-1 through 4.1-7 summarize the 2002 base year inventory and 2009 and 2018 

projection inventories for the EGU source sector. The 2009 and 2018 inventories include the 

adjustments to the IPM results specified by the S/L agencies in the previous section. 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2a - 29 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

Table 4.1-1 EGU Point Source SO2 Emission Comparison 

State 2002 VISTAS 

2009 IPM Based with 

S/L Adjustments 

2018 IPM Based with 

S/L Adjustments 

AL 447,828 378,052 305,262 

FL 453,631 186,055 132,177 

GA 514,952 417,449 230,856 

KY 484,057 290,193 226,062 

MS 67,429 76,579 15,146 

NC 477,990 242,286 108,492 

SC 206,399 124,608 93,274 

TN 334,151 255,410 112,672 

VA 241,204 225,653 140,233 

WV 516,084 277,489 115,324 

Total 3,743,725 2,473,774 1,479,498 

Table 4.1-2 EGU Point Source NOx Emission Comparison 

State 2002 VISTAS 

2009 IPM Based with 

S/L Adjustments 

2018 IPM Based with 

S/L Adjustments 

AL 161,038 82,305 64,358 

FL 257,677 86,165 73,125 

GA 147,517 98,497 75,717 

KY 198,817 92,021 64,378 

MS 43,135 36,011 10,271 

NC 151,854 66,522 62,353 

SC 88,241 46,915 51,456 

TN 157,307 66,405 31,715 

VA 86,886 66,219 75,594 

WV 230,977 86,328 51,241 

Total 1,523,449 727,388 560,208 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2a - 30 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

Table 4.1-3 EGU Point Source VOC Emission Comparison 

State 2002 VISTAS 

2009 IPM Based with 

S/L Adjustments 

2018IPM Based with 

S/L Adjustments 

AL 2,295 2,473 2,952 

FL 2,524 1,910 2,376 

GA 1,244 2,314 2,841 

KY 1,487 1,369 1,426 

MS 648 404 1,114 

NC 988 954 1,345 

SC 470 660 906 

TN 926 932 976 

VA 754 778 996 

WV 1,180 1,361 1,387 

Total 12,516 13,155 16,319 

Table 4.1-4 EGU Point Source CO Emission Comparison 

State 2002 VISTAS 

2009 IPM Based with 

S/L Adjustments 

2018 IPM Based with 

S/L Adjustments 

AL 11,279 14,986 24,342 

FL 57,113 35,928 53,772 

GA 9,712 23,721 44,476 

KY 12,619 15,812 17,144 

MS 5,303 5,051 15,282 

NC 13,885 14,942 20,223 

SC 6,990 11,135 14,786 

TN 7,084 7,213 7,723 

VA 6,892 12,509 15,420 

WV 10,341 11,493 11,961 

 Total 141,218 152,790 225,129 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2a - 31 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

Table 4.1-5 EGU Point Source PM10-PRI Emission Comparison 

State 2002 VISTAS 

2009 IPM Based with 

S/L Adjustments 

2018 IPM Based with 

S/L Adjustments 

AL 7,646 6,969 7,822 

FL 21,387 9,007 9,953 

GA 11,224 17,891 20,909 

KY 4,701 6,463 6,694 

MS 1,633 4,957 7,187 

NC 22,754 22,152 37,376 

SC 21,400 19,395 28,826 

TN 14,640 15,608 15,941 

VA 3,960 5,508 13,775 

WV 4,573 5,657 6,349 

Total 113,918 113,607 154,832 

Table 4.1-6 EGU Point Source PM2.5 -PRI Emission Comparison 

State 2002 VISTAS 

2009 IPM Based with 

S/L Adjustments 

2018 IPM Based with 

S/L Adjustments 

AL 4,113 3,921 4,768 

FL 15,643 5,910 6,843 

GA 4,939 10,907 13,983 

KY 2,802 4,279 4,434 

MS 1,138 4,777 7,033 

NC 16,498 15,949 29,792 

SC 17,154 16,042 25,032 

TN 12,166 13,092 13,387 

VA 2,606 4,067 11,976 

WV 2,210 2,940 3,648 

Total 79,269 81,884 120,896 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2a - 32 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

Table 4.1-7 EGU Point Source NH3 Emission Comparison 

State 2002 VISTAS 

2009 IPM Based with 

S/L Adjustments 

2018 IPM Based with 

S/L Adjustments 

AL 317 359 1,072 

FL 234 1,631 2,976 

GA 83 686 1,677 

KY 326 400 476 

MS 190 333 827 

NC 54 445 663 

SC 142 343 617 

TN 204 227 241 

VA 127 694 622 

WV 121 330 180 

Total 1,798 5,448 9,351 

 Note: Emission summaries above are based on SCC’s 1-01-xxx-xx and 2-01-xxx-xx 

4.2 Summary of non-EGU Point Source Inventories 

Tables 4.2-1 through 4.2-7 summarize the 2002 base year inventory and the 2009 and 2018 

projection inventory for the non-EGU point source sector. 

Table 4.2-1 Non-EGU Point Source SO2 Emission Comparison 

State 2002 2009 2018 

AL 96,481 101,246 113,224 

FL 65,090 65,511 75,047 

GA 53,778 53,987 59,349 

KY 34,029 36,418 40,682 

MS 35,960 25,564 39,221 

NC 44,123 42,536 46,314 

SC 53,518 48,324 53,577 

TN 79,604 70,678 77,247 

VA 63,903 62,560 68,909 

WV 54,070 55,973 62,193 

Total 580,556 562,797 635,763 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2a - 33 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

Table 4.2-2 Non-EGU Point Source NOx Emission Comparison 

State 2002 2009 2018 

AL 83,310 69,409 78,318 

FL 45,156 46,020 51,902 

GA 49,251 50,353 55,824 

KY 38,392 37,758 41,034 

MS 61,526 56,397 61,533 

NC 44,928 34,767 37,801 

SC 42,153 40,019 44,021 

TN 64,344 57,883 63,453 

VA 60,415 51,046 55,945 

WV 46,612 38,031 43,359 

Total 536,087 481,683 533,190 

Table 4.2-3 Non-EGU Point Source VOC Emission Comparison 

State 2002 2009 2018 

AL 47,037 46,644 54,291 

FL 38,471 36,880 42,811 

GA 33,709 34,116 40,282 

KY 44,834 47,785 55,861 

MS 43,204 37,747 45,338 

NC 61,182 61,925 70,875 

SC 38,458 35,665 43,656 

TN 84,328 74,089 93,266 

VA 43,152 43,726 53,186 

WV 14,595 13,810 16,565 

Total 448,970 432,387 516,131 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2a - 34 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

Table 4.2-4 Non-EGU Point Source CO Emission Comparison 

State 2002 2009 2018 

AL 174,271 180,369 201,794 

FL 81,933 87,037 96,819 

GA 130,850 147,427 167,904 

KY 109,936 122,024 139,437 

MS 54,568 57,748 66,858 

NC 50,576 53,744 62,197 

SC 56,315 60,473 68,988 

TN 115,264 119,665 140,942 

VA 63,796 68,346 76,998 

WV 89,879 100,045 119,332 

 Total 927,388 996,878 1,141,269 

Table 4.2-5 Non-EGU Point Source PM10-PRI Emission Comparison 

State 2002 2009 2018 

AL 25,240 25,421 29,924 

FL 35,857 39,872 46,456 

GA 21,610 23,103 27,273 

KY 16,626 17,174 20,153 

MS 19,472 19,245 22,859 

NC 13,838 13,910 15,737 

SC 14,142 13,370 15,139 

TN 35,174 34,833 42,280 

VA 13,252 13,048 15,112 

WV 17,503 17,090 21,735 

Total 212,714 217,066 256,668 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2a - 35 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

Table 4.2-6 Non-EGU Point Source PM25-PRI Emission Comparison 

State 2002 2009 2018 

AL 19,178 19,230 22,598 

FL 30,504 33,946 39,430 

GA 17,462 18,982 22,416 

KY 11,372 11,686 13,739 

MS 9,906 9,199 10,739 

NC 10,500 10,458 11,825 

SC 10,245 9,390 11,086 

TN 27,807 27,577 33,532 

VA 10,165 9,988 11,594 

WV 13,313 12,769 16,516 

Total 160,452 163,225 193,475 

Table 4.2-7 Non-EGU Point Source NH3 Emission Comparison 

State 2002 2009 2018 

AL 1,883 2,132 2,464 

FL 1,423 1,544 1,829 

GA 3,613 3,963 4,797 

KY 674 760 901 

MS 1,169 668 764 

NC 1,180 1,285 1,466 

SC 1,411 1,578 1,779 

TN 1,613 1,841 2,214 

VA 3,104 3,049 3,604 

WV 332 341 413 

Total 16,402 17,161 20,231 
Appendix D.2b 

Area and Nonroad Mobile Source 

Emissions Inventory Documentation 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -1 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -2 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. OVERALL METHODOLOGY.................................................................................................. 7 

1.1 SOURCE CATEGORY IDENTIFICATION...................................................................... 7 

1.2 AREA SOURCE EMISSION ESTIMATION APPROACH .............................................. 7 

1.3 NONROAD MOBILE SOURCE EMISSION ESTIMATION APPROACH................... 10 

1.4 EMISSION TABLES ........................................................................................................ 10 

2. DISCUSSION OF AREA SOURCE CATEGORIES .............................................................. 11 

2.1 2002 NORTH CAROLINA-DEVELOPED AREA SOURCE INVENTORY ................. 11 

2.1.1 GASOLINE DISTRIBUTION................................................................................... 11 

2.1.1.1 Gasoline Dispensing Facilities............................................................................. 11 

2.1.1.2 Aircraft Refueling ................................................................................................ 14 

2.1.2 STATIONARY SOURCE SOLVENT EVAPORATION.......................................... 14 

2.1.2.1 Dry Cleaning........................................................................................................ 15

2.1.2.2 Graphic Arts/Printing........................................................................................... 15 

2.1.2.3 Solvent Cleaning and Degreasing........................................................................ 16 

2.1.2.4 Auto Body Refinishing ........................................................................................ 17 

2.1.2.5 Architectural Coatings ......................................................................................... 18 

2.1.2.6 Traffic Markings .................................................................................................. 19 

2.1.2.7 Industrial Surface Coating ................................................................................... 20 

2.1.2.8 Asphalt Paving..................................................................................................... 21 

2.1.2.9 Roofing Operations.............................................................................................. 23 

2.1.2.10 Pesticide Application ......................................................................................... 24 

2.1.2.11 Commercial/Consumer Solvent Use.................................................................. 30 

2.1.3 BIOPROCESS EMISSION SOURCES ..................................................................... 31 

2.1.3.1 Bakeries................................................................................................................ 31 

2.1.4 OTHER MAN MADE AREA SOURCES ................................................................. 31 

2.1.4.1 Structure Fires...................................................................................................... 31 

2.1.4.2 Charbroiling ......................................................................................................... 32 

2.1.4.3 Open Burning – Municipal Solid Waste and Yard Trimmings ........................... 33 

2.1.4.4 Small Stationary Source Fossil Fuel Use............................................................. 34 

2.1.4.5 Vehicle Fires ........................................................................................................ 43 

2.1.4.6 Agricultural Burning............................................................................................ 44 

2.1.4.7 On Site Incineration ............................................................................................. 45 

2.2 2002 VISTAS-DEVELOPED AREA SOURCE INVENTORY...................................... 46 

2.2.1 Ammonia from Agricultural Sources.......................................................................... 47 

2.2.2 Paved and Unpaved Road Emissions.......................................................................... 47 

2.2.3 Stage II emissions ....................................................................................................... 47 

2.2.4 Portable Fuel Containers............................................................................................. 48 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -3 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

2.2.5 Forest Fires.................................................................................................................. 48 

3. 2002 VISTAS-DEVELOPED NONROAD MOBILE SOURCE INVENTORY .................... 52 

3.1 NONROAD Model Sources .............................................................................................. 52 

3.2 Aircraft Engines................................................................................................................. 53 

3.3 Railroad Locomotives........................................................................................................ 54 

3.4 Commercial Marine Vessel (CMV)................................................................................... 55 

4. QUALITY ASSURANCE OF 2002 EMISSIONS INVENTORY .......................................... 59 

5. 2009 AND 2018 AREA SOURCE EMISSION INVENTORY DEVELOPMENT ................ 60 

5.1 Projection of Stationary Area Sources................................................................................ 60 

5.2 Projection of Agricultural Area Sources............................................................................ 61 

5.3 Projection of Forest Fires Area Sources ............................................................................ 62 

6. 2009 AND 2018 NONROAD SOURCE EMISSION INVENTORY DEVELOPMENT ....... 63 

6.1 Projection of NONROAD Model Sources.......................................................................... 64 

6.2 Projection of Non-NONROAD Model Sources ................................................................. 64 

7. QUALITY ASSURANCE OF 2009 AND 2018 EMISSIONS INVENTORY........................ 69 

8. ADDITIONAL DATA.............................................................................................................. 71 

8.1 SIC TO NAICS CROSSWALK ........................................................................................ 71 

8.2 FRACTION OF NAICS CODE EMPLOYMENT USED TO CREATE SIC 

EMPLOYMENT..................................................................................................................... 119 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -4 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

LIST OF TABLES 

Table 2.1.1.1-1 Factors Used For Calculating Emission Factor.................................................. 12 

Table 2.1.1.1-2 Emission Factors For Gasoline Dispensing......................................................... 13 

Table 2.1.2.3-1 Emission Factors Cleaning & Degreasing.......................................................... 17 

Table 2.1.2.7-1 Per Capita Emission Factors For Industrial Surface Coating............................. 20 

Table 2.1.2.7-2 Per Employee Emission Factors for Industrial Surface Coating........................ 20 

Table 2.1.2.10-1 Agriculture Pesticides Application Rates......................................................... 27 

Table 2.1.2.10-2 Emission Factors by Crop Type ....................................................................... 29 

Table 2.1.2.11-1 Misc. Non-Industrial Consumer-Commercial Emission Factors ..................... 30 

Table 2.1.4.4-1 Fuel Use in North Carolina 2002........................................................................ 34 

Table 2.1.4.4-2 Combustion Emission Factors............................................................................ 35 

Table 2.1.4.4-3 Emission Factors for Liquefied Petroleum Gas.................................................. 41 

Table 2.1.4.7-1 Yield of Pollutant Values for Uncontrolled Refuse Combustors ....................... 45 

Table 2.2.5-1 2002 North Carolina Actual and Typical Fire Emissions ..................................... 51 

Table 3.3-1 2002 National Rail Transportation Energy Use by Fuel Type (Trillion BTU) ........ 55 

Table 6.2-1 Locally Generated Growth Factors for North Carolina ........................................ 67 

Table 6.2-2 Estimated Emission Reduction Impacts based on T-4 Rule ................................. 68 

Table 6.2-3 Estimated Emission Reduction Impacts Relative to VISTAS 2002 Base 

Year Values........................................................................................................................... 68 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -5 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

List of Acronyms 

Acronym Definition 

ATADS Air Traffic Activity Data System 

BTS Bureau of Transportation Statistics 

BTU British Thermal Units 

CAIR Clean Air Interstate Rule 

CARB California Air Resource Board 

CMV Commercial Marine Vessel 

CNG Compressed Natural Gas 

EDMS Emissions and Dispersion Modeling System 

EIA Energy Information Administration 

EIIP Emissions Inventory Improvement Program 

E-GAS 5.0 Economic Growth Analysis System version 5.0 

FAA Federal Aviation Administration 

GF Growth Factor 

IAQTR Interstate Air Quality Transport Rule 

LPG Liquid Petroleum Gas 

LTO Landing and Takeoff 

MSW Municipal Solid Waste 

NAAQS National Ambient Air Quality Standards 

NAICS North American Industry Classification System 

NCDAQ North Carolina Division of Air Quality 

NCDFR North Carolina Division of Forest Resources 

NCDOT North Carolina Department of Transportation 

NCSU North Carolina State University 

NEI National Emission Inventory 

NG Natural Gas 

NOx Nitrogen Oxides 

OTAQ Office of Transportation and Air Quality 

PFC Portable Fuel Container 

PM Particulate Matter 

QA Quality Assurance 

RDU Raleigh/Durham International Airport 

RIA Regulatory Impact Analysis 

SCC Source Classification Code 

SI Spark-Ignition 

SIC Standard Industrial Classification 

SIP State Implementation Plan 

SIWG Special Interest Workgroup 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -6 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

T4 Tier 4 

USACE U.S. Army Corps of Engineers 

USEPA U.S. Environmental Protection Agency 

USFA U.S. Fire Administration 

VISTAS Visibility Improvement State & Tribal Association of the Southeast 

VMT Vehicle Miles Traveled 

VOC Volatile Organic Compounds 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -7 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

1. OVERALL METHODOLOGY 

1.1 SOURCE CATEGORY IDENTIFICATION 

The area source categories were identified from U. S. Environmental Protection Agency’s 

(USEPA’s) guidance document EPA-450/4-91-016, Procedures for the Preparation of Emission 

Inventories of Carbon Monoxide and Precursors of Ozone, Vol. 1, from this point on this 

document will be referred to as the Procedures document; the Emissions Inventory Improvement 

Program (EIIP) Technical Reports, Volume 3, Area Sources as of December 2002 (the most 

current version at the time of the inventory development), from this point on this document will 

be referred to as EIIP Tech Report; and a report entitled, Documentation of the Base G 2002 

Base Year, 2009 and 2018, Emission Inventories for VISTAS and written by the VISTAS 

contractor company, MACTEC, Inc. 

Nonroad mobile sources were identified from the USEPA’s guidance document the Procedures

document. Nonroad mobile source emissions are estimated by the methodologies suggested in 

the USEPA document, EPA-454/R-05-001, Emissions Inventory Guidance for Implementation of 

Ozone and Particulate Matter National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) and Regional 

Haze Regulations; EPA-450/4-81-026d (Revised) Procedures for Emission Inventory 

Preparation, Volume IV; Mobile Sources (Mobile Source Procedures); and from the USEPA’s 

nonroad mobile model NONROAD2005c released March 21, 2006. 

1.2 AREA SOURCE EMISSION ESTIMATION APPROACH 

Area source emissions are estimated by multiplying an emission factor by some known indicator 

of collective activity for each source category within the inventory area. An indicator is any 

parameter associated with the activity level of a source that can be correlated with the air 

pollutant emissions from that source, such as production, number of employees, or population. 

In general, one of the following emissions estimation approaches is used to calculate the area 

source emissions: per capita emission factors, employment-related emission factors, commodity 

consumption-related emission factors, and level of activity based emission factors. The emission 

factors used were obtained from the EIIP Tech Reports, the Procedures document or the 

USEPA’s AP-42 Compilation of Air Pollutant Emission Factors, Fifth Edition, referred to as 

AP-42. 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -8 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

There are several methods for estimating the activity level for a specific area source category. 

These are: treating area sources as point sources, surveying local activity levels, apportioning 

national or statewide activity totals to local inventory areas, using population or employment 

data. All of these methods were used to estimate area source emissions 

Certain emission categories were adjusted for such things as season or rule effectiveness and rule 

penetration. These are discussed in the particular source categories descriptions. 

For certain categories, there can be overlap between the point source emissions and the area 

source emissions calculated with emission factors. The 2002 point source emissions in these 

categories were identified so that they could be subtracted where appropriate. 

There are a number of categories where emissions were calculated with emission factors based 

on employment. These emission factors were developed by the USEPA when employment 

reports were organized by Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) code. Since 1997, 

employment statistics are organized by the North American Industry Classification System 

(NAICS). For the solvent cleaning industries, the SIC codes do not directly correspond to single 

NAICS code. Sometimes several partial NAICS employment values will relate to a SIC code. A 

crosswalk was used to determine what percentage of a NAICS employment value would 

correspond to the SIC codes. The tables from the US Census showing the NAICS-SIC crosswalk 

are reproduced in Section 8 – Additional Data. It should be noted that the crosswalk is based on 

national totals and is not specific to any particular state. In Section 8.2, the employment fraction 

of the NAICS codes used to create the SIC code employment data is tabulated. 

The employment numbers were obtained from the on-line 2002 County Business Patterns for the 

various NAICS codes at the county level for North Carolina. In addition to having employment 

values (or employment ranges due to confidentiality rules) by NAICS, the County Business 

Patterns breaks down the number of facilities by employment categories. The employment 

categories are 1 – 4, 5 – 9, 10 – 19, 20 – 49, 50 – 99, 100 – 249, 250 – 499, 500 – 999, >1000 

employees. To account for point sources, it was assumed that facilities with 100 employees or 

greater were point sources and were not considered in the calculations. 

When a NAICS category gave a number of employees and there were no establishments with 

100 employees or greater, then the value was used. However, in most cases the County Business 

Patterns gave a range of total employees in the county instead of the actual number. When this 

occurred, facility sizes were considered and the mid-range of employees was assumed, in 

accordance with the EIIP Tech. Report. For example, a NAICS category for a county had a 

range of employment of 100-249 with two establishments with 1 – 4 employees, one with 20-49 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -9 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

employees, and one with 100-249 employees. Assuming 3 to be the mid-range of 1 –4 and 35 to 

be the mid-range of 20-49, the employment used for the area source calculation was estimated 

as: 

(2 x 3) + (1 x 35) = 41 employees 

The larger establishment was assumed to be a point source and not taken into consideration for 

the area source calculation. 

If a total number of employees was provided and there were establishments with 100 employees 

or greater, then the mid-range of the smaller facilities were used as described above. The 

estimated employment was compared to the value given to ensure that remainder would account 

for the large establishment. In cases where the remainder would not be enough employment to 

account for the larger establishment, the area source employment was adjusted down. For 

example, a NAICS category had 250 employees with one establishment with 20 – 49 employees 

(mid-range 35), two establishments with 50 – 99 employees (mid-range 75), and one 

establishment with 100 – 249 employees. The employment estimated for the area source and the 

remainder employment was estimated as: 

 (1 x 35) + (2 x 75) = 185 employees 

 250 – 185 = 65 employees 

The remainder of 65 employees is not enough to account for an establishment of 100 – 249 

employees. Therefore, the area source employment was adjusted down by 35 so that there were 

100 employees remaining to account for the large establishment. 

Subsections 2.1 through 2.2 address the area source emissions inventories that were developed 

by both the North Carolina Division of Air Quality (NCDAQ) and the southeast regional haze 

planning organization, Visibility Improvement State & Tribal Association of the Southeast 

(VISTAS). VISTAS is a collaborative effort of state governments, tribal governments, and 

various federal agencies established to initiate and coordinate activities associated with the 

management of regional haze, visibility and other air quality issues in the Southeastern United 

States. VISTAS is comprised of the following ten southeastern states: Alabama, Florida, 

Georgia, Kentucky, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, and West 

Virginia. MACTEC, Inc., a contractor company to VISTAS, developed the VISTAS portion of 

the area source emissions inventory. 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -10 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

There are four major area source categories comprising of a number of individual area source 

types. Sections 2.1.1 through 2.1.4 address each of these categories and include a number of 

subsections that corresponds to the contributory area sources. The objective of each subsection 

is to describe each source category and the emission estimation and/or projection procedures. 

1.3 NONROAD MOBILE SOURCE EMISSION ESTIMATION APPROACH 

Non-highway mobile sources, sometimes referred to as off-road mobile, are those sources that 

can move but do not use the highway system. Off-road mobile sources are further divided into 

nonroad mobile, railroad locomotives, aircraft engines, and commercial marine vessels (CMV). 

The estimation of emissions from mobile sources, like area sources, involves multiplying an 

activity level by an emission factor. 

The majority of the off-road mobile emissions were estimated by using the USEPA’s off-road 

mobile model NONROAD2005c. Direct emissions are generated with this model. For aircraft 

engine emissions, the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Emissions and Dispersion 

Modeling System (EDMS) model was used. Aircraft operations were inputted into the model 

and the model predicts the engine emissions based on average landing and take-off practices for 

the aircraft type. For railroad locomotive emissions, emission factors were obtained from the 

Mobile Source Procedures document and the activity level was obtained from the various 

railroad companies. 

1.4 EMISSION TABLES 

Tables showing summaries of emissions at the county level for North Carolina as well as at the 

state level for all VISTAS states may be found in Appendix D.3. These are grouped for the point, 

non-road, area, and mobile categories. It should be noted that the area source emissions are 

reported at the “as inventoried” levels rather than the “as modeled” levels. For several dust 

categories (paved and unpaved roads plus others) a transport adjustment factor is applied for 

modeling because studies have shown that for these source categories significant dust settles 

back to ground within a few hundred meters of the point of emission. 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -11 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

2. DISCUSSION OF AREA SOURCE CATEGORIES 

2.1 2002 NORTH CAROLINA-DEVELOPED AREA SOURCE INVENTORY 

Area sources represent a collection of many small, unidentified points of air pollution emissions 

within a specified geographical area, emitting less than the minimum level prescribed for point 

sources. Because these sources are too small and/or too numerous to be surveyed and 

characterized individually, all area source activities are collectively estimated. The county is 

usually the geographic area for which emissions from area sources are compiled, primarily 

because counties are the smallest areas for which data used for estimating emissions is readily 

available. Emissions are calculated on an annual basis in tons per year. 

2.1.1 GASOLINE DISTRIBUTION 

The area source emissions attributed to this category are associated with various operations 

related to gasoline and aircraft fuel handling and distribution. Since tank farms and bulk plants 

are specifically addressed in the point source inventory, the area source category is limited to 

fuel handling, storage, and distribution operations associated with the service stations and in the 

refueling of aircrafts. 

2.1.1.1 Gasoline Dispensing Facilities

Since service stations are so numerous, they are collectively considered as an area source. The 

area source emissions that are derived for this subsection involve determining the estimated 

emissions that occur at each of the following operations: 1) losses during storage tank filling, 

2) storage tank breathing and working losses, 3) spillage and 4) truck transit losses. The 

emissions from vehicle refueling are captured in the mobile source inventory in the emission 

factors produced by the USEPA MOBILE6.2 model and therefore are not estimated as part of the 

area source inventory. 

As part of the air toxics program, Stage I controls for gasoline dispensing facilities was adopted 

by the State, effective May 1990 with final compliance by January 1, 1994. Stage I is the vapor 

recovery technology on the underground storage tanks and reduces the emissions during the tank 

filling operations at service stations. 

The North Carolina Department of Agriculture, Standards Division is responsible for going to all 

gasoline dispensing facilities and testing the fuels to ensure that they meet the quality standards 

of the State. The NCDAQ has worked out an agreement with the Standards Division to also 

check for Stage I controls. A notice is sent to the NCDAQ for every facility checked by the 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -12 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

Standards Division verifying if a facility has properly maintained control equipment. If a facility 

is not found to be properly maintaining the control equipment, then the NCDAQ sends a notice 

of violation informing the facility that the controls are required and gives the facility time to 

correct the violation before fines are assessed. From this information the rule effectiveness and 

rule penetration can be estimated. The rule effectiveness is the percentage of facilities with 

proper equipment maintenance and use and represents the actual degree of source compliance. 

Rule penetration is the percentage of facilities covered by the rule and thus require Stage I 

equipment. Control efficiency is the expected percent reduction from proper application of this 

control technology. 

The volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emission factor for underground storage tank filling 

was calculated by using an equation from AP-42, in Section 5.2, Transportation And Marketing 

Of Petroleum Liquids on page 5.2-4 (equation). 

 EF = 12.46 [SPM] x [1-(RE x CE x RP)] 

 [ T ] 

where EF = emission factor in pounds of VOC per 1000 gallons 

 S = Saturation factor 

 P = True vapor pressure (in pounds per square inch area) 

 M = Molecular weight of vapors (lb/lb-mole) 

 T = Temperature of bulk liquid (o Rankin) 

 RE = Rule Effectiveness 

 CE = Control Efficiency 

 RP = Rule Penetration 

The saturation factor was obtained from AP-42, Table 5.2-1 and the true vapor pressure and 

molecular weight of vapors were obtained from AP-42, Table 7.1-2. For the temperature an 

average of the June, July and August average monthly temperature for 2002 was used. A worst 

case temperature estimate was used year round in calculating annual emissions. These 

temperatures were obtained from the North Carolina Climatological Data, a publication of the 

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. All of the factors used to calculate the 

emission factor for Stage I, i.e. balanced submerged filling, are listed in Table 2.1.1.1-1. 

Table 2.1.1.1-1 Factors Used For Calculating Emission Factor 

S P M T 

1 6.49 67 537.6o

R 

(77.6o

F) 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -13 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

EF = 12.46 ⎡ 1 x 6.49 x 67 ⎤ x [1 – ( .97 x .95 x .99)] 

 ⎣ 537.6 ⎦

 = 0.884 lb VOC/1000 gal. Gasoline 

The emission factors for tank truck transit, breathing losses and spillage were obtained from the 

EIIP Tech Report, Chapter 11 Gasoline Marketing, Table 11.3-1 and are listed below in 

Table 2.1.1.1-2. The tank truck transit emission factor includes the emission rate for an empty 

tank plus a full tank and was adjusted by a factor of 1.25 as recommended by the EIIP Tech 

Report, pg. 11.5-3. 

Table 2.1.1.1-2 Emission Factors For Gasoline Dispensing 

Underground 

Storage Tank 

Filling 

Tank Truck 

Transit Breathing Spillage 

0.884 lb/1000gal 0.000075 lb/gal 0.001 lb/gal 0.00068 lb/gal 

The activity data needed to calculate the emissions is number of gallons of fuel sold in each 

county per year. This was obtained from a report from the North Carolina Petroleum Marketers 

Association. A weighting factor was devised by producing the sum of county population 

(1000’s), county registered vehicles (1000’s), and county motor fuel outlets. The factors were 

summed for the 100 counties and a fractional part of the whole found for each county. This 

fraction was multiplied by the state total gallons of gasoline and diesel sold in 2002 to get an 

estimate of gallons of fuel per county. 

Note that diesel fuel used is combined with gasoline for the sake of simplification. This will 

result in some overestimation of VOC emissions because the volatility of gasoline is higher than 

diesel fuel. 

Annual VOC emissions for underground storage tank filling, tank truck transit, breathing losses 

and spillage were calculated. Underground storage tank annual VOC emissions for each county 

were calculated using the following equation. 

EM = FC x (1/1000) x EF x (1 ton/2000 lbs.) 

where EM = annual county VOC emissions in tons per year 

 FC = county fuel consumption of gasoline and diesel in gallons/year 

 EF = emission factor in pounds of VOC per 1000 gallons 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -14 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

Tank truck transit, breathing losses, and spillage annual VOC emissions for each county were 

calculated individually, using the following equation. 

EM = FC x EF x (1 ton/2000 lbs.) 

where EM = annual county VOC emissions in tons per year for tank truck transit, breathing 

 losses, or spillage 

 FC = county fuel consumption of gasoline and diesel in gallons/year 

 EF = emission factor in pounds of VOC per gallon for tank truck transit, breathing 

 losses, or spillage 

2.1.1.2 Aircraft Refueling

Like vehicle refueling, aircraft refueling results in VOC emissions from displacement of the 

vapor laden air in the aircraft’s fuel tank. This source category is generally estimated only for 

large commercial airports. There are a few small commuter airports in the State; however, the 

amount of the emissions from these are typically negligible. 

The emissions from aircraft refueling were determined by using the number of gallons of fuel 

supplied to the airports and multiplying it by the appropriate emission factor. The businesses 

that supply the fuel to the airports were contacted to determine the amount and type of fuel 

supplied to each airport during 2002. The information obtained was for the two fuel types 

supplied, Jet A Kerosene and Aviation Gasoline. 

The emission factors used are 11.38 lb VOC/1000 gallons of aviation gasoline and 

0.065 lb VOC/1000 gallons of Jet A kerosene. 

The annual emissions for the base year were calculated using equation 2.1.1.2-1. 

 EMi = Gallons/year x EFi___ 

 (2000 lbs/ton) 2.1.1.2-1 

where EMi = emissions for source category (i) 

 EFi = emission factor for source category (i) 

2.1.2 STATIONARY SOURCE SOLVENT EVAPORATION 

There are eleven subcategories that involve stationary source solvent evaporative emissions. 

They include: dry cleaning, graphic arts, solvent cleaning, automotive refinishing, architectural 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -15 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

coatings, traffic markings, industrial surface coating, asphalt paving, roofing operations, 

pesticide application, and consumer/commercial solvent use. The methodology used to calculate 

the emissions from these sources are described in detail in each subsection. 

2.1.2.1 Dry Cleaning

The VOC emissions from dry cleaning vary with the type of process and the solvent used. For 

the most part, dry cleaners (coin-operated and conventional commercial) are small business 

entities. As a result of their size, dry cleaning emissions are typically not captured as point 

sources. However, dry cleaning operations can be a significant emission source for VOC 

emissions, when taken collectively. 

The emissions from dry cleaners are estimated by multiplying the number of employees at dry 

cleaners by a national per-employee emission factor, 1800 lbs. of VOC/employee/year, found in 

the EIIP Tech. Report. The guidance also stated that the number of employees can be found in 

the County Business Patterns for SIC code 7215 (coin-operated) and 7216 (commercial). In 

1997, the SIC code system was replaced with the NAICS. Thus, the number of employees was 

obtained for NAICS codes 812310 (coin-operated) and 812320 (commercial). The NAICS 

employment numbers were previously processed to exclude any facilities with 100 or more 

employees, which were deemed to be point sources. According to the SIC to NAICS crosswalk, 

80% of employment for NAICS 812320 represents the number of employees for commercial dry 

cleaners (SIC 7216). 

The emissions for 2002 were calculated using equation 2.1.2.1-1. 

EM = Employees/Year x EF 

 (2000 lb/tons) 2.1.2.1-1 

 

where EM = emissions for source category tons/day 

 EF = emission factor for source category, 1800 lbs VOC/employee/yr 

2.1.2.2 Graphic Arts/Printing

Graphic arts include operations that are involved in printing of newspapers, magazines, books, 

and other printed materials, which can be divided into several subsets based upon printing 

technology. Over the last decade ink-jet and offset lithography have emerged as the dominant 

technologies. The use of oils as ink solvents and the reduction of alcohols in the fountain 

solution and in the cleanup solutions have resulted in notable reductions in emissions for offset 

lithography. Ink-jet printing results in essentially no VOC emissions. 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -16 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

A number of establishments that generate emissions in this source category are in-house graphic 

arts operations at plants that are in non-printing industries. Therefore, an employee per SIC code 

emission factor is not very reliable. The per-capita emission factor of 1.3 lbs VOC/person/year 

provided by the EIIP Tech. Report was used to calculate the VOC emissions. This emission 

factor estimates the emissions from facilities less than 100 tons VOC/year. It assumes that 

facilities greater than 100 tons VOC/year will be in the point source inventory. The population 

used to calculate the base year emissions was obtained from the North Carolina Office of State 

Budget and Management (OSBM). 

The annual emissions for the base year were calculated using equation 2.1.2.2-1. 

EMa = ((EF)*(Population 2002)*(1 ton/2000 lb)) 2.1.2.2-1 

 

where EM = emissions for source category for county (a) ton/yr 

EF = emission factor for source category, 1.3 lbs VOC/person/yr 

2.1.2.3 Solvent Cleaning and Degreasing

Solvent cleaning operations are integral to many businesses and industries, and are conducted for 

the purpose of removing grease, oils, waxes, carbon deposits, etc. from metals, plastic, or glass 

surfaces. Solvent cleaning is usually performed prior to painting, plating, inspection, repair, 

assembly, etc. The solvents used in the cleaning operations can be either in a liquid or vapor 

phase. Generally, these solvents have high vapor pressures and therefore emit VOC emissions. 

There are two basic types of solvent cleaning techniques, cold cleaning and vapor cleaning. 

Cold cleaning machines use solvents in the liquid phase to clean and remove foreign material 

such as oils and grease from the surface of materials. These machines are batch loaded, and 

cleaning operations include spraying/flushing solvent or parts agitation, wipe cleaning, brushing, 

and immersion. 

The vapor cleaning technique can be further divided into open top degreasing and in-line 

cleaning. The open top degreasing machines are tanks designed to generate and contain solvent 

vapor. The tank is equipped with a heating system that boils the liquid solvent. As the solvent 

boils, dense solvent vapors rise and displace the air in the tank. Coolant is circulated in 

condensing coils on the top of the tank to create a controlled vapor zone within the tank. 

Condensing solvent vapors dissolve the contaminants on the surface of the workload and flush 

both the dissolved and undissolved contaminants from the workload. 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -17 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

In-line cleaning machines employ automated loading on a continuous basis. These machines are 

often custom made for large-scale operations. A continuous or multiple-batch loading system 

greatly reduces or even eliminates the manual parts handling associated with batch cleaning. Inline cleaning machines are enclosed to prevent solvent losses; however, entry and exit openings 

cannot be sealed. 

The VOC emissions for this category are estimated by using the per employee factors (from the 

EIIP Tech. Report, Chapter 6, Table 6.5-2) listed in Table 2.1.2.3-1 below: 

Table 2.1.2.3-1 Emission Factors Cleaning & Degreasing 

Source Category lb VOC/employee/yr 

Electronic and Other Elec: Open Top Degreasing 29 

Miscellaneous Manufacturing: Open Top Degreasing 9.8 

Miscellaneous Manufacturing: Cold Cleaning 24 

Auto Repair Services: Cold Cleaning 270 

Employment data was derived from the 2002 County Business Patterns provided by the U. S. 

Census Bureau. For each of these categories, employment in a number of SIC groups is needed. 

These employment numbers were generated from the NAICS employment numbers for each 

county and summed as needed. See SIC Codes from NAICS Codes for Employment Based 

Categories in Section 9.1 for the full listing of NAICS and SIC for each source category. 

Fractional employee numbers are a result of the NAICS to SIC conversion process. 

The annual emissions for the base year were calculated using equation 2.1.2.3-1. 

EM = (Employees) x EF 

 (2000 lb/tons) 2.1.2.3-1 

where EM = emissions for source category, tons per year 

EF = emission factor for source category 

2.1.2.4 Auto Body Refinishing

Auto body refinishing operations consist of: vehicle preparation, primer application, topcoat 

application, and spray equipment cleaning. These operations result in significant VOC 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -18 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

emissions. The solvent is typically 100% volatile and can constitute up to 6.5 pounds of VOC 

per gallon of cleaner or paint. 

The EIIP methodology for estimating emissions from this source category recommends 

apportioning a national VOC emission estimate to the county level by the number of employees 

reported for NAISC code 811121. The national estimate of 79,429.59 tons of VOC per year was 

based on 1997 data. In order to estimate the emissions for 2002, the national VOC estimate 

provided by the EIIP Tech. Report was divided by the 1997 national employment data to create a 

per employee emission factor. 

This emission factor was used with the 2002 employment data to estimate emissions from auto 

body refinishing. The employment data was obtained from the 2002 County Business Patterns. 

The emissions for 2002 were calculated using equation 2.1.2.4-1. 

EM = Employees x EF 

 2.1.2.4-1 

where EM = emissions for source category 

 EF = emission factor for source category, 0.387 tons VOC/employee/yr 

2.1.2.5 Architectural Coatings

This category includes the application of paint, primer, varnish or lacquer to architectural 

surfaces, and the use of solvents as thinners and for cleanup. 

The VOC emissions for this source category were estimated by multiplying county population 

data by a usage factor for either water or solvent based coatings, and an emissions factor for 

either water or solvent based coatings. This method entails gathering national architectural paint 

usage from the County Business industrial report MA325F and generating per capita usage 

factors. It is important to be able to differentiate between the water based usage from the solvent 

based usage since the emission factor for solvent based paints is over 5 times higher than the 

factor for water based paints. 

Emissions Factor: Water based = 0.74 lb VOC/gallon; 

Solvent Based= 3.87 lb VOC/gallon 

VOCai = (POPai*UFb*EFb)/*(2000lbs/ton) -- ton/year 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -19 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

Where: VOCa = VOC emissions for county (a) 

 POPa = Population for county (a) 

 EFb = emission factor for paint type (b) 

 UFb = Usage factor for paint type (b) 

The usage factor is found by dividing the national total architectural surface coating quantities 

for either solvent or water-based coatings by the U.S. population for that year. For 2002, the 

usage factor for each paint type is estimated below: 

 UF solvent: (127,703,000 gal/yr of solvent based) / (287,973,924) = 0.443 gal/person/yr 

 UF water: (589,527,000 gal/yr of water based) / (287,973,924) = 2.047 gal/person/yr 

2.1.2.6 Traffic Markings

The paint used in traffic markings operations (the painting of center lines, shoulders, etc.) emits 

VOC emissions during the drying process. The extent of emissions is largely a function of the 

paint being solvent or water based. The North Carolina Department of Transportation (NCDOT) 

utilizes three general types of paint, which can be classified as water based paint, epoxy paint 

containing organic solvents, and thermoplastic paint. The use of thermoplastic paint results in 

negligible VOC emissions and therefore is not included in the emissions inventory. 

Although the NCDOT utilizes both water and solvent based paints, there is uncertainty with 

respect to what percentage of the paint used is organic solvent based. To avoid under estimating 

the emissions from this source category, it is assumed that all paint, excluding thermoplastic, is 

organic solvent based. 

The NCDOT reported that 854,215 gallons of paint were used statewide in 2002. The gallons of 

paint by county were apportioned by number of lane miles in the county divided by the state total 

(equation 2.1.2.6-1) and the estimated gallons used. The emission factors were obtained from 

the EIIP Tech. Report, Table-14.4-1 and Table-14.5-2, which gave emission factors as a function 

of gallons of paint (3.64 lb VOC/gal.). 

Gallons PaintCounty = (Gallons PaintState/yr) x (# Lane Miles)County 2.1.2.6-1 

 (# Lane Miles)State

The emissions for 2002 were calculated using equation 2.1.2.6-2. 

EM = Gallons/year Paint x EF 2.1.2.6-2 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -20 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

 (2000 lb/ton) 

where EM = emissions for source category 

 EF = emission factor for source category 

2.1.2.7 Industrial Surface Coating

Surface coating operations involve applying a thin layer of coating (e.g. paint, lacquer, enamel, 

varnish, etc.) to the surface of an object for decorative or protective purposes. The coating 

products, which are solvent based, emit VOC emissions as the result of solvent evaporation 

during the drying or curing process. 

Ideally, the VOC emissions from industrial surface coating activities should be captured as point 

sources. From a practical standpoint, this is not always accomplished. For example, three of the 

industrial surface coating subcategories, namely other product coatings, high-performance 

maintenance, and other special purpose coatings, only utilized per capita emission factors and 

have no NAICS associated with them. The emission factors, obtained from the EIIP Tech. 

Report, Table 8.5-2, for these surface coating subcategories are listed in the Table 2.1.2.7-1 

below. 

Table 2.1.2.7-1 Per Capita Emission Factors For Industrial Surface Coating 

Subcategory Per Capita Factor 

(lb/yr/person) 

Other product coatings 

High-performance maintenance. 

Other special purpose coatings 

0.6 

0.8 

0.8 

The emissions for the remaining industrial surface coating subcategories were estimated using 

per employee emission factors. These emission factors were obtained from the EIIP Tech. 

Report, Table 8.5-1 and are listed below in Table 2.1.2.7-2. 

Table 2.1.2.7-2 Per Employee Emission Factors for Industrial Surface Coating 

Subcategory Per Employee Factor 

(lb VOC/employee/yr) 

Furniture & Fixtures 944 

Metal Containers 6,029 

Automobile (new) 794 

Machinery & Equipment 77 

Appliances 463 

Other Transportation Equipment 35 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -21 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

Sheet, strip & Coil 2,877 

Factory Finished Wood 131 

Electrical Insulation 290 

Marine Coatings 308 

The EIIP Tech. Report also listed SIC codes for these industrial surface coating subcategories. 

As stated earlier, the SIC codes were replaced in 1997 with NAICS. The employment data was 

estimated using the method outlined in Section 2.1.2.1. 

The annual emissions for population and employment based emission factors were calculated 

using equations 2.1.2.7-1 and 2.1.2.7-2, respectively. 

EM = Population x EF 2.1.2.7-1 

 (2000 lb/ton) 

EM = Employees x EF 2.1.2.7-2 

 (2000 lb/ton) 

where EM = emissions for source category 

 EF = emission factor for source category 

2.1.2.8 Asphalt Paving 

Two types of asphalt paving are used for road paving and repair; emulsified asphalt and cutback 

asphalt. Emulsified asphalt is a type of liquefied road surfacing material made from a blend of 

water with an emulsifier. Cutback asphalt is a type of liquefied road surface that is prepared by 

blending or "cutting back" asphalt cement with various kinds of petroleum distillates. VOC 

emissions occur as the asphalt cures. 

Hot-mix is composed of high molecular weight organics with minimal vapor pressures; 

consequently, VOC emissions are negligible. The use of emulsified asphalt does result in VOC 

emissions; but the emissions are significantly less than cutback. New formulations of emulsified 

asphalt, such as cationic, continue to result in reduced emissions. The use of emulsified asphalt 

is primarily for tack coating, which is a surface preparation for the hot-mix layer. The tonnage 

of hot-mix asphalt is accounted for by the NCDOT districts and not on a county basis. District 

tonnage was allocated on a county basis by apportioning county paved mileage as reported in the 

NCDOT 2000 Highway Summary Report. However, the amount of emulsified asphalt used is 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -22 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

not tracked by the NCDOT in any useable way. As a consequence, the NCDOT provided the 

following methodology to predict emulsified usage: 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -23 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

Square Yd. of hot-mix = (Tons of Hot-mix) x (2000 lbs./Ton) 2.1.2.8-1 

 (220 lbs/ Square Yd. of Hot-mix) 

Gallons of Emulsified asphalt = (Sq. Yd. of hot-mix) x (0.08 gal./Sq. Yd. of hot-mix) 2.1.2.8-2 

The VOC emissions were calculated using the emissions factor for emulsified asphalt (9.2 lb 

VOC/barrel) and the number of gallons of emulsified asphalt per barrel (42 gal./barrel) from 

Table 17.5-2 of the EIIP Tech. Report. 

The emissions for the base year were calculated using equation 2.1.2.8-3. 

EM = (gallons/year Emulsified Asphalt) x EF 

 (42 gal/barrel) x (2000 lb/tons) 2.1.2.8-3 

where EM = emissions for source category 

 EF = emission factor for source category 

Cutback asphalt emissions are included in the asphalt paving category. Since the assembly of the 

latest VISTAS 2002 inventory, it was found that the NCDOT specification for asphalt in 2002 

was hot mix and emulsified asphalt with hot mix but not cutback asphalt. Surrounding states 

have precluded the use of cut back by statutory provisions; which has driven asphalt 

manufactures to discontinue cutback production throughout the region. The absence of the use 

of cutback has resulted in substantial reductions in emissions from asphalt paving operations in 

North Carolina. Although cutback asphalt emissions are included in the VISTAS 2002 

inventory, the 93.04 tons of VOC per year represents a relatively small amount and does not 

significantly affect the accuracy of the inventory. 

2.1.2.9 Roofing Operations

This category covers the installation and repair of asphalt roofs on commercial and industrial 

buildings. This category includes only hot-applied asphalt roofing, for which the only significant 

emissions source is the kettle used to heat the asphalt. The amount of asphalt roofing activity is 

estimated by summing the number of felt, cap, and flashing squares used in North Carolina 

during the year 2000. This information was ascertained from the Asphalt Roofing 

Manufacturing Association. The amount of asphalt used is given by the equation 2.1.2.9-1, 

which uses the default value of 20 lbs. of asphalt / square found in the EIIP Tech. Report. The 

emissions by county, shown in equation 2.1.2.9-2, were apportioned by roofing establishments in 

the county divided by the state total, using the number of establishments from NAISC code 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -24 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

23561 from the 2000 County Business Patterns. The 2000 County Business Patterns was the 

latest available data at the time of the inventory development. 

Asphalt (Ton/yr) = (# squares) x (20 lbs. of asphalt/square) 2.1.2.9-1 

 (2000 lbs./ton) 

AsphaltCounty = (Tons/yr AsphaltState) x (# Roofing Establishments)County 2.1.2.9-2 

 (# Roofing Establishments)State

The EIIP Tech. Report reported the emissions factor as 6.2 lbs. VOC/ton asphalt for roofing 

operations. 

The emissions for the base year inventory were calculated using equation 2.1.2.9-3. 

EM = (tons/yr Asphalt) x EF 

 (2000 lb/tons) 2.1.2.9-3 

where EM = emissions for source category 

 EF = emission factor for source category 

2.1.2.10 Pesticide Application

Pesticides broadly include any substance used to kill or retard the growth of insects, rodents, 

fungi, weeds, or microorganisms. Formulations of organic pesticides are commonly made by 

combining synthetic materials with various petroleum products. The petroleum products, or inert 

ingredients, act as a carrier of the active component and usually evaporate into the atmosphere. 

Agricultural Pesticides

Agricultural pesticides are applied in various manners, which directly affect the possible 

emissions associated with the application, regardless of the amount of solvent contained in the 

pesticide. There are basically three types of pesticide/herbicide application methods. One is the 

"incorporated" type, in which the product is applied and immediately incorporated into the soil. 

It is expected that little if any evaporation of solvent occur in this type of application. The next 

type, "pre-emergence", is where the product is put on the ground immediately after the crop is 

planted. This provides a protective layer. Some evaporation of solvent would be expected with 

this type of application. The largest emissions would occur from "over the top" application of 

pesticides. These pesticides are sprayed directly on the foliage to kill weeds or insects. This 

application would provide an opportunity for a great deal of solvent to evaporate. 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -25 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

The overall pesticide usage associated with agricultural crop production continues to slowly 

decrease in North Carolina driven by conservative pest management practices and the cost of 

pesticides as reported by the North Carolina Cooperative Extension office. The large majority of 

pesticide usage is confined to the production of tobacco and cotton crops. Because of the small 

crop size and high cash value, significant tobacco acreage is found in North Carolina. 

The planted crop acreage from the North Carolina Department of Agriculture, Agricultural 

Statistic Division and crop profile reports prepared by the North Carolina Cooperative Extension 

office, and other university extension services, for the US Department of Agriculture Pest 

Management Center were used to estimate agricultural pesticide usage. Crop acreage from the 

North Carolina Agricultural Statistic Division was obtained from http://www.ncagr.com/stats/. 

Crop profile reports conducted by NCSU are based on surveys; where participation is reported to 

be as high as 90 percent for the more important cash crops. Crop profile reports for grains and 

soybeans do not exist for North Carolina; therefore, data for these crops were obtained from 

other state profiles and from discussions with representatives of the North Carolina Cooperative 

Extension office. 

The individual crop profiles outline the current agricultural pesticide practices, i.e. the pesticide 

agents (insecticides, herbicides, fungicides), the percentage of acres treated, and the pounds of 

active ingredient pesticide applied per acre. The crop profiles often reports the application of the 

active ingredient (pounds of active ingredient per acre) as a range of values. For the worst-case 

scenario, the highest reported value was used. The number of applications of a single pesticide 

was usually one per year for all pesticides. The few exceptions to one application are more than 

accounted for by the conservative practice of using the highest value of application rate. 

The pounds of active ingredients for each crop were calculated by using equation 2.1.2.10-1 and 

an example calculation for soybeans follows. Table 2.1.2.10-1 presents the pesticides associated 

with a particular crop, the % of treated acres, and the lbs. of active pesticide ingredient per year. 

(lbs. AI/acre)CROP = ∑ (% acres treated) x (lb AI/acre)PESTICIDE 2.1.2.10-1 

where AI = active ingredient. 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -26 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

For soybeans, the pounds of active ingredients for the crop is: 

Pesticide % Acres Treated Lb AI/acre/yr 

Paraquat 20 0.47 

Glyphosate 10 4 

Sulfusate 5 4 

Carbaryl 10 1.5 

(lbs. AI/acre)SOYBEAN =(0.20 x 0.47) + (0.10 x 4) + (0.05 x 4) + (0.10 x 1.5) 

 =0.844 lbs. AI/acre/yr for soybeans 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -27 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

Table 2.1.2.10-1 Agriculture Pesticides Application Rates 

Crop/Agent % Acres 

Treated 

Lbs. active 

ingredient/Acre Crop/Agent % Acres 

Treated 

Lbs. active 

ingredient/Acre

Soybeans Corn Silage 

Paraquat 20 0.47 Terbufos 35 1 

Glyphosate 10 4 Chloropyrifus 10 1 

Sulfusate 5 4 Phorate 10 1 

Carbaryl 10 1.5 Ethoprop 5 1 

Cotton Carbofuran 5 1 

Tribufos 100 0.75 M Parathion 50 0.75 

Aldicarb 91 0.75 Thiocarb 90 0.6 

Prourgite 0.45 0.73 Methomyl 50 0.45 

Dicofol 0.55 1.6 Corn Grain 

Dicrotophos 0.45 0.2 Terbufos 35 1 

Acephate 2.1 0.5 Chloropyrifus 10 1 

M-Parathion 1 0.5 Phorate 10 1 

L-cyhalothrin 99 0.145 Ethoprop 5 1 

Thiocarb 40 0.75 Carbofuran 5 1 

Aldicarb 50 0.725 M Parathion 50 0.75 

Tobacco Thiocarb 90 0.6 

Acephate 70 1.5 Methomyl 50 0.45 

Spinosad 13 0.05 Oats 

Methomyl 11 0.45 M Parathion 5 0.5 

Endosulfan 7 1 Wheat 

Imidacoloprid 62 0.03 M Parathion 5 0.5 

Chloropicrin 41 79.8 Sweet Potatoes 

Dichloropropene 35 89.5 Napropamide 50 1.5 

Clomazone 75 1 Clomazone 25 0.87 

Metalaxyl 49 0.76 Fluazifop 20 0.17 

Barley Carbaryl 25 0.67 

M Parathion 0.8 0.5 Peanuts

Irish Potatoes Chlorpyrifus 60 1 

Phorate 3 40 1.20 Disulfoton 90 0.75 

Glyphosate 6 5 Esfenvalerate 25 0.03 

Metolachor 8 2 Folicur 1 51 0.51 

Metribuzin 55 0.5 Vernolate 45 2.5 

Sorghum Dichloropropene 0.16 80 

MethyParathion 1 0.75 

Chlorpyrifus 1 1 

Carbaryl 1 2 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -28 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

The emission factors for each crop were calculated utilizing information from the EIIP Tech. 

Report, p 9.5-4, which relates active ingredients to VOC emissions. According to the EIIP Tech. 

Report, for every pound of active ingredient there are 2.45 pounds of VOC, of this 90% is 

evaporated. The emission factors for each crop were calculated using Equation 4.2.10-2, with an 

example calculation for soybean following. 

 EFCROP = (lb AICROP/acre/yr) x (2.45 lb. VOC/lb. of AI) x (0.90) 2.1.2.10-2 

Where EFCROP = Emission factor in lbs. VOC/active ingredient for each crop/year 

 AICROP = Active ingredient for each crop 

For soybeans the emission factor is: 

 Lbs. AI/acre for soybean = 0.844 lbs. AI/acre/year 

 EFSOYBEAN = (0.844 lb active ingredient/acre/yr) x (2.45 lb VOC/active ingredient) x (0.90) 

 = 1.861 lbs. VOC/acre/year 

An exception to the above calculation was for the usage of the pesticides: chloropicrin and 1,3 

dichloropropene. These fumigants are widely used for treating tobacco beds for nematodes and 

constitute a major portion of the pesticide inventory. They have a moderate vapor pressure of 

18.3 and 34 millimeters of mercury (at 77° F), respectively, and their formulation is 

approximately 96% to 98% of the active ingredient. In light of these properties, the VOC 

emissions are assumed to be equal to the application per acre, which are 79 pounds/acre/year for 

chloropicrin and 89.5 pounds/acre/year for 1,3 dichloropropene. Table 2.1.2.10-2 list the pounds 

of active ingredients per acre and the calculated emission factor for each crop. 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -29 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

Table 2.1.2.10-2 Emission Factors by Crop Type 

Crop Lbs. Active 

Ingredients/acre/year Lbs. VOC/Acre/year 

Soybeans 0.844 1.861 

Cotton 2.267 4.999 

Barley 0.004 0.009 

Corn – Silage 1.79 3.947 

Corn – Grain 1.79 3.947 

Wheat 0.025 0.055 

Oats 0.025 0.055 

Sweet Potato 1.169 2.578 

Tobacco 

- Non-fumigant 2.317 5.109 

- Fumigant 64.043 64.043 

Total Tobacco 69.152 

Peanuts 

- Non-fumigant 2.9175 6.433 

 - Fumigant 0.128 0.282 

Total Peanuts 6.715 

Irish Potatoes 1.9350 4.267 

Sorghum 0.0375 0.083 

The emissions for 2002 were calculated using equation 2.1.2.10-3. 

EMa = (∑ (CROP)a x EFCROP) 

 (2000 lb/tons) 2.1.2.10-3 

where EMa = emissions for source category in county (a) 

 CROP = acres of specific crop in county (a) 

 EFCROP = emission factor for specific crop 

Nonagricultural Pesticide

Nonagricultural pesticide applications are considered as part of the commercial/consumer solvent 

use emission factor and no longer a separate subcategory. Please refer to the next section. 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -30 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

2.1.2.11 Commercial/Consumer Solvent Use

This category includes only non-industrial solvents that are used in commercial or consumer 

applications. The solvent containing products consist of a diverse grouping, e.g. personal care 

products, household products, automotive aftermarket products, adhesives and sealants, 

pesticides, some coatings, and other commercial and consumer products that may emit VOC and 

ammonia (NH3) emissions. 

There are seven categories. They are named and their emission factors listed in Table 2.1.2.11-1 

below. 

Table 2.1.2.11-1 Misc. Non-Industrial Consumer-Commercial Emission Factors 

Subcategory lb VOC/yr/person. lb NH3/yr/person.

All Coatings and Related Products 0.95 - 

All FIFRA Related Products 1.78 - 

Miscellaneous Products (Not Otherwise 

Covered) 

0.07 - 

Personal Care Products 2.32 - 

Household Products 0.079 0.031 

Automotive Aftermarket Products 1.36 - 

Adhesives and Sealants 0.57 - 

VOC emissions for this category is estimated by using nationally based per capita emissions 

factors. The county population values are used to estimate the emissions from this source 

category. 

The emissions for the base year inventory were calculated using equation 2.1.2.11-1. 

EM = (Population2002) x EF

 (2000 lb/tons) 2.1.2.11-1 

where EM = emissions for source category, tons per year 

 EF = emission factor for source category 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -31 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

2.1.3 BIOPROCESS EMISSION SOURCES 

Bioprocess emission sources include those sources whose emissions result from biological 

processes (e.g., fermentations). Source categories include bakeries, breweries, wineries and 

distilleries. 

2.1.3.1 Bakeries

Ethanol, a VOC, is a by-product of fermentation of bread dough. The ethanol emissions from 

large commercial bakeries are accounted for as point sources; however, ethanol emissions occur 

from grocery store bakery departments and small business bakeries not accounted for under the 

point source inventory. 

The EIIP Tech. Report prescribes accounting for these emissions by the use of a per capita 

consumption factor of 70 pounds of bread per person per year and an emission factor of 0.5 

pounds of VOC per 1000 pounds of baked bread. The county populations obtained from the 

North Carolina Office of State Budget and Management were used to estimate the emissions 

from this source category. 

The emissions for the base year inventory were calculated using equation 2.1.3.1-1. 

EM = (Population) b x CF x EF 

 (2000 lb/tons) 2.1.3.1-1 

where EM = emissions for source category 

 Populationb = Population in base year 

 CF = Consumption factor, 70 lb bread/person/year 

EF = emission factor for source category, 0.5 lb VOC/1000 lb bread baked 

2.1.4 OTHER MAN MADE AREA SOURCES 

Other man made area sources agricultural burning, structure fires, and orchard heaters. The 

methodology used to calculate the emissions from these sources are described in detail in each 

subsection. 

2.1.4.1 Structure Fires

Burning fires can produce short term emissions of organic compounds and nitrogen oxides 

(NOx). The U.S. Fire Administration (USFA) of the Department of Homeland Security 

maintains statistics on the number of fires per county. The number of fires per county for 2002 

was derived from 2001 and 2002 population statistics and 2001 USFA fire statistics. The USFA 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -32 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

fire statistics were obtained from the USFA website at http://www.usfa.fema.gov/safety/. As 

2002 fire statistics were not available, a fires per person factor for 2001 was calculated and found 

to be equal to 0.00184 fires/person/year. The 2001 county population values were obtained from 

the North Carolina State Demographics website at http://demog.state.nc.us/. The 2001 

population values were the latest data available. The 0.00184 fires per person per year was 

applied to the 2002 population for each county to determine the number of fires in each county 

for 2002. 

The emission factors and fuel loading factors were obtained from the EIIP Tech. Report, 

Table 18.4-1 and Table 18.4-2, respectively. The emission factors are 11 pounds of VOC per ton 

burned, 1.4 pounds of NOx per ton burned and 60 pounds of CO per ton burned. The loading 

factor is 1.15 tons of material burned per structural fire. 

The emissions for the base year 2002 inventory were calculated using Equation 2.1.4.2-1. 

EMP = (2002 County population) x (FPP) x (CF) x (EFP) 

 (2000 lb/tons) 2.1.4.2-1 

where EMP = emissions for structure fires for pollutant (P) 

 FPP = fires per person in 2001, 0.00184 fires/person/year 

 CF = Conversion factor, 1.15 tons burned/structure fire 

 EFP = emission factor for pollutant (P) 

2.1.4.2 Charbroiling

The commercial charbroiling of ground beef emits VOC emissions. According to the 

methodology in the EIIP Tech. Report, county Health Departments should be able to provide the 

number of restaurants in a county as well as the percentage of those restaurants that charbroil 

meat. The NCDAQ was able to ascertain the number of restaurants in each county in 2002 from 

the North Carolina Division of Environmental Services, Inspection, Statistics, and Fee Branch. 

To determine the percentage of charbroiling restaurants, the county Health Departments of 

several counties were surveyed. 

According to the EIIP Tech. Report, the average throughput of meat per restaurant with a 

charbroiler is 1160 pounds per week and the emissions factor is 3.94 pounds of VOC per 1000 

pounds of meat. 

The emissions for the base year inventory were calculated using Equations 2.1.4.3-1. 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -33 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

EMa = (# Restaurants) x (% Charbroiling) x (CF) x (EF)

 (2000 lb/tons) x (1 yr/52 wks) 2.1.4.3-1 

where EMa = emissions for source category in county (a) ton/yr 

 CF = conversion factor, 1160 lb meat charbroiled/week 

 EF = emission factor, 3.94 lb VOC/1000 lb meat charbroiled 

2.1.4.3 Open Burning – Municipal Solid Waste and Yard Trimmings

This Subsection describes the combined emission inventory methodology for source 

classification code (SCC) 2610030000 Residential Open Burning – Household and SCC 

2610000100 Open Burning – Yard Trimmings. Open burning is treated as a means of waste 

disposal in rural areas. Materials burned generally include agricultural refuse, landscaping 

refuse, or scrap wood. Local authorities could not provide assistance with estimating the tons of 

refuse burned or the amount burned. According to local authorities, burning permits are issued 

year round without requiring a notation for the amount burned. 

It was assumed that all municipal solid waste (MSW) and yard trimmings, were burned in the 

open for solid waste generated outside the municipal corporate limits. According to the EIIP 

Tech. Report, Table 16.5-1, it is estimated that 3.77 pounds of MSW is generated per person per 

day and 0.64 pounds of yard trimmings are generated per person per day. Since it is illegal to 

burn within the corporate limits, the rural population was estimated by using the same percentage 

of rural population in each county as what was reported in the 2000 census. The 2000 total and 

rural populations for each county was obtained from the North Carolina Office of State Budget 

and Management, State Data Center. The 2000 total and rural populations was the latest data 

available. 

VOC, NOx, carbon monoxide (CO), sulfur dioxide (SO2), and NH3 emission factors for open 

burning of MSW were obtained from EIIP Tech. Report, Table 16.4-1, Open Burning of 

Municipal Refuse. The emission factors are 6.676 pounds VOC per ton MSW burned, 6 pounds 

NOx per ton MSW burned, 85 pounds CO per ton MSW burned, 1 pounds SO2 per ton MSW 

burned, and 6.0 E-07 pounds NH3 per ton MSW burned. The rural percent of the populations for 

the statewide counties were obtained from the 2000 census data. Since burning permits are 

issued year round, the activity days per year was 365. These values were used to calculate the 

tons per year emissions for the base year. The emissions from the burning of MSW for the base 

year 2002 inventory were calculated using equation 2.1.4.4-1. The emissions from the burning 

of yard trimmings for the base year 2002 inventory were calculated using equation 2.1.4.4-2. 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -34 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

EMP,MSW = (Rural Population in 2002) x (CFMSW) x (EFP) x (365 days/yr)

 (2000 lb/tons) 2.1.4.4-1 

EMP,YT = (Rural Population in 2002) x (CFYT) x (EFP) x (365 days/yr)

 (2000 lb/tons) 2.1.4.4-2 

where EMP,MSW = emissions from burning MSW for pollutant (P) 

 EMP,YT = emissions from burning yard trimmings for pollutant (P) 

 CFMSW = conversion factor, 3.77 lb MSW/person/day 

 = 0.001885 ton MSW/person/day 

 CFYT = conversion factor, 0.64 lb yard trimmings/person/day 

 = 0.00032 ton yard trimmings/person/day 

 EFP = emission factor for pollutant (P) 

2.1.4.4 Small Stationary Source Fossil Fuel Use

In general, fossil fuels are burned for space and hot water heating. This source category covers 

VOC, NOx and CO emissions from natural gas (NG) and liquid petroleum gas (LPG), oil, coal, 

and wood combustion in the residential, commercial/institutional (called commercial), and 

industrial sectors. 

The “demand for energy” for these fuel types is known as fuel usage. Fuel usage data for North 

Carolina was taken from NC Energy Outlook 2003 by Global Insight, Inc for the base year 2002. 

The following table shows the data used. 

Table 2.1.4.4-1 Fuel Use in North Carolina 2002 

Fuel Units Residential Commercial Industrial 

NG 106 ft3 64,014 40,580 95,718 

LPG gallons 282,775,596 47,960,199 198,606,965 

Oil gallons 215,804,019 113,088,933 343,414,390 

Coal tons 46,872 85,735 0 

Wood tons 1,625,111 164,327 8,583,778 

Emission factors used are shown in Table 2.1.4.4-2 below. 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -35 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

Table 2.1.4.4-2 Combustion Emission Factors 

NH3 

20 

0 

0.001 

2 

1.8 

0.49 

0 

0.008 

0.03 

0.086 

3.2 

0 

0.008 

0.03 

0.086 

PM2.5

7.6 

0.00906 

0.001401 

3.8 

0 

7.6 

0.000975 0.002762 

4.75988 

5.47 

7.6 

0.00125 

0.003969 

4.75988 

5.47 

PM10

7.6 

0.00906 

0 

6.2 

34.6 

7.6 

0.00906 0.00449 12.9575 

6.48 

7.6 

0.001125 0.005763 

12.9575 

6.48 

SO2

0.6 

0.000054 

0.00426 

31.62 

0.4 0.6 

0.0000513 

0.004616 

38.76 

0.37548 

0.6 

0.0000513 0.0046275 

38.76 

0.37548 

CO 

40 

0.002 0.005 

275 

252.6 

84 

0.002 0.005 

7.33 

7.2 

43.25 

0.0034 

0.005 

0.5 7.2 

NOx 

94 

0.014 0.018 

9.1 2.6 

167.5 

0.0145 

0.037 

15.8 

3.304224 

163.33 

0.02 

0.039 

14.9 

3.304224 

VOC 

5.5 

0.0003 

0.000713 

0.07 

229.0 

5.5 

0.00035 

0.000735 

0.07 

0.255326 

4.96 

0.00035 0.00024 

0.07 

0.255326 

Units 

lb/106 ft3

Lb/gal Lb/gal 

Lb/ton Lb/ton 

lb/106 ft3

Lb/gal Lb/gal 

Lb/ton Lb/ton 

lb/106 ft3

Lb/gal Lb/gal 

Lb/ton Lb/ton 

Fuel 

NG 

LPG 

Oil 

Coal 

Wood 

NG 

LPG 

Oil 

Coal 

Wood 

NG 

LPG 

Oil 

Coal 

Wood 

Sector 

Residential Residential Residential Residential Residential 

Commercial Commercial Commercial Commercial Commercial 

Industrial Industrial Industrial Industrial Industrial 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -36 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

Fuel Oil Combustion

Fuel oil consumption covers the use of kerosene, distillate oil and residual oil. Distillate oil 

includes fuel oil grades 1, 2, and 4; residual oil includes fuel grades 5 and 6. In most areas, 

residual oil is not used by residential sources. Kerosene and distillate oils are primarily used for 

space heating in domestic and small commercial buildings, while residual oils are used primarily 

for industrial and large commercial applications. It was assumed that residential fuel oils are 

normally used only for heating and therefore, no residential fuel oil emissions were calculated 

for summer months. 

The base year statewide annual fuel oil demand for energy, obtained from the NC Energy 

Outlook 2003, was converted British Thermal Units (BTUs) to gallons of fuel used for each 

heating classification (i.e., residential, commercial, and industrial). The conversion factors used 

were obtained from the NC Energy Outlook 2003 and are 135,000 BTU per gallon of kerosene, 

138,690 BTU per gallon of distillate oil, and 149,690 BTU per gallon of residual oil. 

Once converted to gallons of fuel, the statewide fuel use was then apportioned to the county 

level. This was accomplished by multiplying the number of gallons of fuel used in the state by 

the fraction of housing units heated by fuel oils in the county compared to that of the whole state 

(see the equation below). 

# gal/yr fuel for County X = (# gal/yr fuel oil for State) x (# housing units heated by fuel oil in County X)

 (# housing units heated by fuel oil in State)

The fraction of housing units was used to distribute the fuel on a county level for the residential 

heating classifications. The number of housing units heated by fuel oils was obtained from the 

2000 Census. 

Commercial and industrial fuel usage was apportioned according to the number of business 

establishments in the State and counties. The numbers were taken from 1997 (last year of SIC 

based statistics) County Business Patterns. Establishments with SICs from 50xx through 99xx

were summed. Industrial sources were calculated in a manner similar to commercial sources 

burning oil or coal. 

Emission factors were obtained from AP-42, Table 1.3-1 and from AP-42, Table 1.3-3. Fuel oil 

combustion emission factors are listed in Table 2.1.4.4-2, as shown above. 

Point source emissions with SCC 1-03-004-xx and 1-03-005-xx identified commercial residual 

oil and distillate oil emissions, respectively; while source emissions with SCC 1-02-004-xx and 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -37 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

1-02-005-xx identified industrial residual and distillate oil emissions, respectively. The point 

source emissions were subtracted from the area source emissions. 

Coal Combustion

There are three types of coal used for space heating: anthracite, bituminous and lignite. 

According to AP-42, anthracite, or hard coal, is mined almost exclusively in Pennsylvania and is 

consumed in Pennsylvania and in states that are within easy shipping distance. In addition, 

lignite coal is mined in North Dakota and Texas and is consumed near where it mined. Since the 

incidence of anthracite and lignite coal burning is low in North Carolina, the emissions from coal 

combustion were calculated utilizing only the emission factors for bituminous coal. 

It was assumed that residential coal is normally used only for heating and therefore, no 

residential coal emissions were calculated for summer months. 

The base year statewide annual coal demand for energy, obtained from the NC Energy Outlook 

2003, was converted from BTU to tons of coal used for each heating classification (i.e., 

residential, commercial, and industrial). The conversion factor used was 21,100,000 BTU per 

ton of coal. 

Once converted to tons of coal, the statewide coal use was then apportioned to the county level. 

This was calculated by multiplying the number of tons of coal used in the state by the fraction of 

housing units heated by coal in the county, compared to that of the whole state (see the equation 

below). 

# ton/yr of coal for County X = (# ton/yr of coal for State) x (# housing units heated by coal in County X)

 (# housing units heated by coal in State) 

The fraction of housing units was used to distribute the coal on a county level for both heating 

classifications. The number of housing units heated by coal was obtained from the Federal 

Bureau of the Census and the 2003 NC State Energy Plan 

(http://www.doa.state.nc.us/doa/energy). 

There were several emission factors for bituminous coal combustion listed in AP-42, 

Table 1.1-3. For the purpose of estimating the emissions from coal combustion, the equipment 

listed in AP-42, Table 1.1-3 were grouped into industrial, commercial/institutional and 

residential type equipment. The emission factors were averaged for each type and the averaged 

emission factors were used to calculate the emissions. Table 2.1.4.4-2 shown above lists the 

averaged emission factors used in the calculations. It should be noted that fluidized bed 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -38 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

combustors (FBC) were not included in the averaged emission factors because FBC does not 

constitute a significant percentage of the total boiler population, according to AP-42, Section 1.1. 

Point source emissions with SCC 1-03-002-xx, identified commercial coal combustion 

emissions. The point source annual emissions in tons per year were subtracted from the area 

source emissions. 

Residential Coal Combustion Emissions:

Pollutant emitted by = (# tons/year Coal) x EF 

coal combustion (2000 pounds/ton) 

Commercial Coal Combustion Emissions:

Pollutant emitted by = (# tons/year Coal) x EF 

coal combustion (2000 pounds/ton) 

Industrial Coal Combustion Emissions:

There is no industrial coal combustion in the area source inventory because it is included in the 

point source emissions inventory. 

Natural Gas Combustion

Currently in the United States, natural gas is one of the major types of fuels used for heating. It 

is mainly used for industrial process stream and heat production, commercial and residential 

space heating and for electric power generation. Although natural gas is a relatively clean 

burning fuel, some emissions can result from its combustion. 

The base year statewide annual demand for natural gas energy, obtained from the NC Energy 

Outlook 2003, were converted from BTU to 106 cubic feet of natural gas used for each heating 

classification (i.e., residential, commercial, and industrial). The conversion factor used was 

1,000 BTU per cubic foot of natural gas. 

Once converted to cubic feet of natural gas, the statewide natural gas use was then apportioned to 

the county level. This was calculated by multiplying the number of cubic feet of natural gas used 

in the state by the fraction of housing units heated by natural gas in the county, in comparison to 

the state (see the equation below). 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -39 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

# ft3/yr nat gas for County X = (# ft3/yr nat gas for State)x (# housing units heated by nat gas in County X)

 (# housing units heated by nat gas in State) 

The fraction of housing units was used to distribute the natural gas usage on a county level for 

each heating classification. The number of housing units heated by natural gas was obtained 

from the 2000 Census. 

The North Carolina Utilities Commission provided data from the U.S. Department of Energy, 

Energy Information Administration giving monthly usage of natural gas by residential and 

commercial customers in North Carolina for 2002. 

There were several emission factors listed for industrial and commercial natural gas boilers in 

AP-42, Table 1.4-1. For the purpose of estimating the emissions from natural gas combustion, 

an average of the emission factors were used. Table 2.1.4.4-2 shown above lists the averaged 

emission factors used in the calculations. According to the Procedures document, Table 5.8-1, 

the activity days per week is 7 for residential heating and 6 for commercial and industrial 

heating. These values were used to calculate the annual emissions in tons per year for the base 

year. 

Point source emissions with SCC 1-03-006-xxx and 1-02-006-xxx, identified commercial and 

industrial natural gas combustion emissions, respectively. Where point source emissions were 

indicated, these were deducted from the 2002 annual emission estimates. 

Residential Natural Gas Combustion Emissions: 

Pollutant emitted by = (# ft3

/year natural gas) x EF 

Nat. gas combustion (2000 pounds/ton)

Commercial Natural Gas Combustion Emissions:

Pollutant emitted by = (# ft3/year natural gas) x EF 

Nat. gas combustion (2000 pounds/ton) 

Industrial Natural Gas Combustion Emissions:

Pollutant emitted by = (# ft3/year natural gas) x EF 

Nat. gas combustion (2000 pounds/ton)
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -40 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

Liquified Petroleum Gas Combustion

Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) consists of propane, propylene, butane, and butylenes. The 

largest market for LPG is the domestic/commercial market, followed by the chemical industry 

and agricultural markets. LPG is also used as a stand-by fuel for facilities that have natural gas 

service contracts that can be interrupted. The form of LPG used primarily for domestic heating 

is propane. Liquefied petroleum gas is considered a clean fuel because it does not produce 

visible emissions. 

The base year statewide annual LPG demand for energy, obtained from the NC Energy Outlook 

2003, was converted from BTU to 103 gallons of LPG used for each heating classification (i.e., 

residential, commercial, and industrial). The conversion factor was 95,475 BTU per gallon of 

LPG. 

Once converted to gallons of LPG, the statewide LPG use was then apportioned to the county 

level. This was accomplished by multiplying the number of gallons of LPG used in the state by 

the fraction of housing units heated by LPG in the county compared to that of the whole state 

(see the equation below). 

# gal/yr LPG for County X = (# gal/yr LPG for State) x (# housing units heated by LPG in County X)

 (# housing units heated by LPG in State) 

The fraction of housing units was used to distribute the LPG usage on a county level for each 

heating classification. The number of housing units heated by LPG was obtained from the 2000 

Census. 

The North Carolina Utilities Commission provided data from the U.S. Department of Energy, 

Energy Information Administration giving monthly usage of LPG by residential and commercial 

customers in North Carolina for 2002. 

The emission factors listed in AP-42, Table 1.5-1 were averaged for industrial and commercial 

sources. There is no residential LPG emission factor listed in AP-42. Since the form of LPG 

used primarily for domestic heating is propane, the commercial propane emission factor was 

used for residential LPG combustion. The emission factors listed in AP-42, as well as the 

average emission factors used for estimating the emissions from LPG combustion are listed in 

Table 2.1.4.4-3. Point source emissions with SCC 1-03-010-xxx and 1-02-010-xxx, identified 

commercial and industrial LPG combustion emissions, respectively. Where point source 

emissions were indicated, these were deducted from the 2002 annual emission estimate. 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -41 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

Residential LPG Emissions:

CO emitted by = (# gal/year LPG) x EF 

LPG combustion (2000 pounds/ton) 

Commercial LPG Combustion Emissions:

CO emitted by = (# gal/year LPG) x EF 

LPG combustion (2000 pounds/ton) 

Industrial LPG Combustion Emissions:

CO emitted by = (# gal/year LPG) x EF 

LPG combustion (2000 pounds/ton) 

Table 2.1.4.4-3 Emission Factors for Liquefied Petroleum Gas 

Application/Fuel Type Emission Factors 

(lb /gallon) 

Industrial Commercial Residential

Butane 0.0036 0.0021 - 

Propane 0.0032 0.0019 0.0019 

Averaged CO Emission Factor 0.0034 0.002 0.002 

Butane 0.021 0.015 0.015 

Propane 0.019 0.014 0.014 

Averaged NOx Emission Factor 0.02 0.0145 0.014 

Butane 0.0004 0.0004 0.0004 

Propane 0.0003 0.0003 0.0003 

Averaged VOC Emission Factor 0.00035 0.00035 0.0003 

Butane - - - 

Propane - - - 

Averaged SO2 Emission Factor 0.0000513 0.0000513 0.000054 

Butane - - - 

Propane - - - 

Averaged PM10 Emission Factor 0.001125 0.00906 0.00906 

Butane - - - 

Propane - - - 

Averaged PM2.5 Emission Factor 0.001125 0.00906 0.00906 

Wood Combustion

The use of wood as a source of heat occurs in the residential and industrial sectors. It was 

assumed that residential wood is normally used only for heating and therefore, no residential 

wood emissions were calculated for summer months. The burning of wood waste in boilers is 

mostly confined to those industries where the wood is available as a byproduct. Most often this 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -42 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

is in the lumber, furniture and plywood industries. These types of industries are included in the 

point source inventory, therefore, no area source emissions will be calculated for industrial wood 

combustion. Wood stoves, commonly used in residences as space heaters, are used both as the 

primary source of heat and as a supplement to conventional heating systems. 

The base year statewide annual wood demand for energy, obtained from the NC Energy Outlook 

2003, was converted from BTU to tons of wood used for residential heating. The conversion 

factor was 4,500 BTU per pound of wood, which is the mid-point of the range (4,000 to 5,000 

BTU per pound of wood) given in AP-42, Section 1.6. 

Once converted to tons of wood, the statewide wood use was then apportioned to the county 

level. This was accomplished by multiplying the number of tons of wood use in the state by the 

fraction of housing units heated by wood in the county compared to that of the whole state (see 

the equation below). 

# tons/yr Wood in County X = (# ton/yr Wood in State) x (# housing units heated by Wood in County X)

 (# housing units heated by Wood in State) 

The fraction of housing units was used to distribute the wood usage on a county level. The 

number of housing units heated by wood was obtained from the 2000 Census. 

The CO emission factor was obtained from the Procedures document, in Table 2.4-1. The 

residential wood combustion emission factors shown above in Table 2.1.4.4-2 were obtained 

from the Table 2.4-1 of the EIIP Tech. Report, Volume III, Chapter II. According to the 

Procedures document, Table 5.8-1, the activity days per week is 7 for residential heating. 

Residential Wood Emissions:

CO emitted by = (# ton/year Wood) x EF 

Wood combustion (2000 pounds/ton) 

Small Electric Utility Boilers

This source subcategory has been treated as a point source since the information was available 

for each facility. Refer to the point source category discussion in Appendix D.2a for further 

details. 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -43 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

2.1.4.5 Vehicle Fires

Vehicle fire emissions within the State are estimated by considering the estimated number 

vehicles burned in the State, the amount of material burned (the fuel loading) in a vehicle fire, 

and the emission factors for the open burning of automobile components. The assumptions for 

amount of material burned and the emission factors were based on the USEPA’s AP-42, 

Section 2.5 Open Burning, 1996. 

The estimated number of vehicle fires was determined by apportioning a national fire statistic to 

a county level. The USFA of the Department of Homeland Security maintains national-level fire 

statistics. The number of fires nationwide in 2002 was 1,734,500 and was available from the 

USFA website at http://www.usfa.fema.gov/statistics/national/. The percentage of vehicle fires 

was applied to the national-level total number of fires. The number of national-level vehicle 

fires was then apportioned to a state-level. The ratio of North Carolina vehicle miles traveled 

(VMT) to U.S. VMT (92,894,000,000 VMT / 2,855,756,000,000 VMT) was applied to the 

number of national-level vehicle fires to obtain the number of North Carolina vehicle fires. The 

VMT statistics were obtained from the U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway 

Administration website at http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/policy/ohim/hs02/vm2.htm. The number of 

state-level vehicle fires was then apportioned to a county level based on paved mile per county in 

2002. Paved mile per county data was obtained from the NCDOT. Using the above method, 

2002 vehicle fire emissions were calculated. 

The amount of vehicle material burned (the fuel loading) in a vehicle fire was estimated by 

assuming that an average vehicle has 500 pounds of components (.25 tons) that can burn in a 

fire, based on a 3,700 pounds average vehicle weight (CARB, 1995). 

The emission factors were obtained from Table 2.5-1, Emission Factors for Open Burning of 

Municipal Refuse, of the USEPA’s AP-42, Section 2.5 Open Burning, 1996. The emission 

factors are 32 pounds of VOC per ton burned and 4 pounds of NOx per ton burned. 

The emissions for the base inventory were calculated using equations 2.1.4.5-1. 

EMP = (# of Vehicle Fires per year) x (CF) x (EFP) 

 (2000 lb/tons) 2.1.4.5-1 

 PJaEM = EMP x GFa 2.1.4.5-2 

where EMP = emissions for structure fires for pollutant (P) 

 CF = Conversion factor, 0.25 tons burned/vehicle fire 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -44 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

 EFP = emission factor for pollutant (P) 

2.1.4.6 Agricultural Burning

This source subcategory covers burning practices used to clear and/or prepare land for planting. 

These operations include stubble burning, burning of agricultural crop residues, and the burning 

of stand field crops as part of harvesting (e.g., sugar cane). According to the North Carolina 

Department of Agriculture, when soybeans are double cropped with wheat, the wheat stubble is 

usually burned back after harvest about one fourth of the time. According to Dr. J. Dunphy, a 

soybean specialist at North Carolina State University, the acres of soybean double cropped with 

wheat in North Carolina is approximately equal to the acres of wheat planted. Therefore, one 

fourth of the acreage of wheat planted in 2002 was used to calculate the emissions from 

agricultural burning practices in North Carolina. 

The fuel loading factor and the yield of pollutant for burning wheat stubble was obtained from 

AP-42, Table 2.5.5. The fuel loading factor is 1.9 tons of fuel consumed per acre burned. The 

yield of pollutant was dependent upon whether the field was head-fire burned or back-fire 

burned. The percentage of each burning type used was not available, therefore, the assumption 

was made that each type was used 50 percent of the time. The yield of pollutant used, 11 pounds 

of VOC per ton of fuel consumed, is on average of the two types of burning. To calculate the 

emission factors, the fuel loading factor is multiplied by the yield of the specific pollutant. 

 EFVOC = (1.9 tons/acre) (11 lb VOC/ton burned) 

 = 20.9 lb VOC/acre burned 

 EFCO = (1.9 tons/acre) (118 lb CO/ton burned) 

 = 224.2 lb CO/acre burned 

The annual emissions were calculated using the number of acres burned and the per acre 

emission factor. According to the North Carolina Department of Agriculture, field burning 

occurs only during June and July. 

The number of acres of wheat planted was obtained from the North Carolina Department of 

Agriculture, Agriculture Statistics Division. The emissions for the 2002 base year inventory 

were calculated using equation 2.1.4.8-1. 

EM = (1⁄4 x (wheat acreage/year)) x EF 

 (2000 lb/ton) 2.1.4.6-1 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -45 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

where EM = emissions for source category 

 EF = emission factor 

2.1.4.7 On Site Incineration

On-site incineration is the confined burning of waste leaves, landscape refuse and other refuse or 

rubbish. In North Carolina, commercial/institutional and industrial incinerators are required to 

have an Air Quality Permit in order to operate. Therefore, all industrial incinerators are 

identified in the point source inventory. There may be small commercial/institutional 

incinerators that have not been identified in the point source inventory and as a result emissions 

were calculated for commercial on-site incinerators. 

No data was available to determine the amount of waste burned in on-site incinerators. 

Therefore, the amount of solid waste burned was estimated with the fuel loading factor (L) given 

in Table 4.6-1 of the Procedures document. The commercial fuel loading factor is 23 tons of 

refuse/1,000 population/year. The yield for commercial incineration was obtained from several 

sources. The yield of NOx, CO, SO2, PM10, PM2.5 (P) was obtained from AP-42, Table 2.1-12 

and are listed in Table 2.1.4.7-1. The yield value used of NOx, CO, SO2, PM10, and PM2.5 was 

the average of the yield values listed in AP-42. The yield of VOC is 8.556 lb/ton of refuse and 

was obtained from EIIP Technical Report, Open Burning, Table 16.4-1. The yield of NH3 is 

1.19 lb/ton of refuse and was obtained from EIIP Area Source Methods Document, “Estimating 

Emissions from Anthropogenic Nonagricultural Sources”. 

Table 2.1.4.7-1 Yield of Pollutant Values for Uncontrolled Refuse Combustors 

Pollutant 

Multiple Chamber 

Combustor Yield Value 

(lb Pollutant/ton refuse burned) 

Single Chamber 

Combustor Yield Value 

(lb Pollutant/ton refuse burned) 

Average Yield Value 

(lb Pollutant/ton refuse burned) 

NOx 3 2 2.5 

CO 10 20 15 

SO2 2.5 2.5 2.5 

PM10 7 15 11 

PM2.5 7 15 11 

To calculate the per capita pollutant emission factor (EF) for on-site commercial incinerators, the 

fuel loading factor was multiplied by the yield of the pollutant, as shown in the following 

equation. 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -46 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

 EFP = LCOMMERCIAL x PINCINERATION

 = (23 tons of refuse/1000 population/year) x (15 lb CO/ton of refuse burned) 

 = 345 lb CO/1000 population/year 

The emissions from industrial and commercial on-site incineration for the base year 2002 

inventory were calculated using equation 2.1.4.7-1. For the consideration of air quality 

modeling, all PM10 emissions are assumed to be PM2.5 emissions. 

EMP = (Rural Population in 2002) x (EFP)

 (2000 lb/tons) 2.1.4.7-1 

where EMP = emissions from on-site incineration for pollutant (P) in 

 tons/year 

 EFP = emission factor for pollutant (P) 

The population was obtained from the 2000 census data. Point sources were identified in the 

statewide counties. Point source emissions with source classification codes (SCC) 5-xx-xxx-xx 

identified waste incineration emissions. The point source emissions in tons per year were 

subtracted from the area source emissions. 

2.2 2002 VISTAS-DEVELOPED AREA SOURCE INVENTORY 

Section 2.2 details the portion of the 2002 base year area source inventory, which was developed 

for VISTAS by the VISTAS contractor, MACTEC, Inc. This information was obtained from the 

report entitled Documentation of the Base G 2002 Base Year, 2009, and 2018, Emission 

Inventories for VISTAS prepared for VISTAS by MACTEC, Inc. This report is included in 

Appendix D.5. 

Several major components of the area source sector of the inventory, which were developed by 

VISTAS, are discussed in Sections 2.2.1 through 2.2.5. Ammonia emissions from livestock and 

fertilizer sources are discussed in Section 2.2.1. PM2.5 and PM10 emissions from paved and 

unpaved roads are discussed in Section 2.2.2. Stage II emissions are discussed in Section 2.2.3 

and were removed from the area source inventory and included in the mobile sector of the 

inventory. Also, emissions from portable fuel containers were added and are discussed in 

Section 2.2.4. Section 2.2.5 describes the development of the fires emissions inventory and 

distinguishes the difference between an actual versus typical inventory with regards to fires. 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -47 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

The following Sections are based on excerpts, with some editing, taken from a document 

entitled, Documentation of the Base G 2002 Base Year, 2009 and 2018 Emission Inventories for 

VISTAS and prepared by MACTEC, Inc. 

2.2.1 Ammonia from Agricultural Sources 

VISTAS used version 3.6 of the Carnegie Mellon University (CMU) NH3 model 

(http://www.cmu.edu/ammonia/) to calculate NH3 emission estimates for livestock and 

fertilizers. Results from this model were used for all VISTAS States. The CMU model version 

3.6 was used in large part because it had been just recently been updated to include the latest 

(2002) Census of Agriculture animal population statistics. 

For the ammonia inventory, VISTAS removed all wildlife and human perspiration emissions. 

Thus all emissions from these two categories were deleted in the 2002 inventory. 

2.2.2 Paved and Unpaved Road Emissions 

VISTAS used the most recent PM emission estimates developed by the USEPA as part of the 

NEI development effort (Roy Huntley, USEPA, email communication, 8/30/2004). The USEPA 

had developed and used an improved methodology for estimating paved road emissions for 2002. 

MACTEC obtained those emissions in March 2004 in NIF format from the USEPA FTP site. 

PM2.5 emissions from several fugitive dust sources were also updated for 2002 inventory. The 

Western Regional Air Partnership (WRAP) and the USEPA had been investigating 

overestimation of the PM2.5 / PM10 ratio in several fugitive dust. Based on data received from the 

USEPA, VISTAS decided to revise the PM2.5 emissions from construction, paved roads and 

unpaved road sources. PM2.5 emissions in the emission inventory, which was developed by the 

USEPA were multiplied by 0.67, 0.6, and 0.67 for construction, paved roads and unpaved roads, 

respectively, to produce the values found in 2002 inventory. No changes were made to PM10, 

only to PM2.5 emissions. 

2.2.3 Stage II emissions 

For the 2002 inventory, the VISTAS States all agreed to remove the Stage II refueling emissions 

from the area source inventory and include them in the non-road and on-road sectors. 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -48 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

2.2.4 Portable Fuel Containers 

Portable fuel containers (PFCs), Source Classification Code (SCC) 2501060300, covers 

emissions from residential and commercial sector portable gasoline containers. This category 

typically accounts for permeation, diurnal, transport, spillage, and vapor displacement emissions. 

Spillage from refueling operations and vapor displacement emissions were not included to avoid 

double counting refueling in the non-road sector. 

MACTEC found that the USEPA had prepared a national inventory of emissions by State for 

portable fuel containers. Data on emissions from this source prepared by the USEPA were 

presented in the report, Estimating Emissions Associated with Portable Fuel Containers (PFCs), 

Draft Report, Office of Transportation and Air Quality, USEPA, Report # EPA420-D-06-003, 

February 2006”. 

The 2002 county-level emission estimates were obtained through an allocation method based on 

fuel usage. Initially, 2005 emission estimates, except those from vapor displacement and 

spillage from refueling operations, were obtained from the USEPA’s report and assumed to be 

equal to 2002 values. Permeation, diurnal, and transport emission estimates were summed and 

allocated to the county-level, based on the fuel usage information obtained from the 

NONROAD2005 model. The SCCs that use containers for refueling were acquired from the 

spillage file of the NONROAD model. Then the fuel usages by county from the NONROAD 

2005 runs prepared for VISTAS were summed for those SCCs by county. The county level fuel 

use was then divided by the State total fuel use for the same SCCs to determine the fraction of 

total State fuel usage and that fraction was used to allocate the State-level emissions to the 

county. 

2.2.5 Forest Fires 

The fires source category includes wildfire, prescribed burning, and land clearing fires. These 

fires can be intermittent in nature, but many of these can produce large quantities of air pollutant 

emissions. Wildfires in certain rural areas can produce large, short-term organic emissions. 

Prescribed burning is used a as a forest management practice to establish favorable seedbeds, 

remove competing underbrush, accelerate nutrient cycling, control tree pests and contribute other 

ecological benefits. Agricultural burning covers agricultural burning practices used to clear 

and/or prepare land for planting. In land clearing fires, waste from logging operations is often 

burned under controlled conditions to reduce the potential fire hazards in forests and to remove 

brush that can serve as a host for destructive insects. 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -49 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

The total wildfire acreage burned was obtained from the North Carolina Division of Forest 

Resources (NCDFR) for each county in the State. These numbers however are replaced with the 

2002 “typical” year for the purpose of modeling. Fire emissions are not easily grown or 

projected. Thus, the replacement was done so that the fires represented in the area source 

inventory are considered typical and do not reflect an abnormally low or high year as far as fires. 

The typical year forest fire inventories were developed by MACTEC, Inc. with input from state 

and federal forest resource staff. The typical year covered wildfire, prescribed burning, 

agricultural fires and land clearing fires. The development of the typical year inventory is 

described below. 

State level ratios of acres over a longer-term record (three or more years) developed for each fire 

type relative to 2002. The 2002 acreage was then scaled up or down based on these ratios to 

develop a typical year inventory. VISTAS Fire Special Interest Work Group based the ratio on 

county-level data for States that supplied long-term fire-by-fire acreage data rather than Statelevel ratios. Where States did not supply long-term fire-by-fire acreage data, MACTEC reverted 

to using State-level ratios. With one broad exception (wildfires) this method was implemented 

for all fires. MACTEC solicited long term fire-by-fire acreage data by fire type from each 

VISTAS State. A minimum of three or more years of data were used to develop the ratios. 

Those data were then used to develop a ratio for each county based on the number of acres 

burned in each county for each fire type relative to 2002. 

If VISTAS had long term county prescribed fire data from a State, a county acreage ratio, 

described below, was developed. 

2002 actual county levelRx acreage

Long term average county levelRx acres Ratio =

This ratio was then multiplied times the actual 2002 acreage to get a typical value (basically the 

long term average county level acres). Wherever possible this calculation was performed on a 

fire-by-fire basis. The acreage calculated using the ratio was then used with the fuel loading and 

emission factor values to calculate emissions. Below are three exceptions to this method. 

Exception 1: Use of State Ratios for Wildfires

Wildfires estimates were developed using State ratios rather than county ratios because some 

counties were showing unrealistic ratios, which were created by very short term data records or 

missing data. In addition, exceptionally large and small fires were removed from the database. 

VISTAS also removed all fires less than 0.1 acres from the dataset. 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -50 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

Exception 2: Correction for Blackened Acres on Forest Service Lands

Acres, submitted by the U.S. Forest Service (USFS) for wildfires and prescribed fires on USFS 

lands, represented perimeter acres rather than “blackened” acres. Therefore, for prescribed fires 

greater than 100 acres in size, the acreage was adjusted to be 80 percent of the initial reported 

value. For prescribed fires of 100 acres or less, the acreage values were maintained as reported. 

All reported acreage values for wildfires were adjusted to be 66 percent of their values, as 

initially reported. 

Exception 3: Missing/Non-reported data

When VISTAS did not receive data from a VISTAS State for a particular fire type, a composite 

average for the entire VISTAS region was used to determine the typical value for that type fire. 

This technique was applied to all fire types when data was missing. 

For wildfires and prescribed burning, ratios were also developed for “northern” and “southern” 

tier States within the VISTAS region and those ratios were applied to each State with missing 

data depending upon whether they were considered a “northern” or “southern” tier State. 

Development of “southern” and “northern” tier data was an attempt to account for a change from 

a predominantly pine/evergreen ecosystem (southern) to a pine/deciduous ecosystem (northern). 

Table 2.2.5-1 below presents a comparison in tons per year of the 2002 actual fire emissions and 

the 2002 typical fire emissions for wildfires, prescribed burning, agricultural fires and land 

clearing fires in North Carolina. 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -51 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

Table 2.2.5-1 2002 North Carolina Actual and Typical Fire Emissions NH3 95.14 48.00 157.69 155.21 PM2.5 1825.84 1035.00 3002.50 2927.07 PM10 2126.61 1210.00 3504.44 3413 SO2 124.89 67.00 206.78 204.15 CO 22045.48 12446.00 36210.84 35123.29 VOC 1005.04 619.19 1609.22 1777.61 NOx 458.18 282.28 733.62 810.38 Actual Fire Emissions (TPY) Fire Type Wildfires Prescribed Burning Typical Fire Emissions (TPY) Wildfires Prescribed Burning 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -52 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

3. 2002 VISTAS-DEVELOPED NONROAD MOBILE SOURCE 

INVENTORY 

Development of emission estimates for nonroad mobile sources is documented in the MACTEC, 

Inc. document titled Documentation of the Base G 2002 Base Year, 2009 and 2018, Emission 

Inventories for VISTAS. 

Nonroad mobile sources are those sources that can move but do not use the highway system. 

Examples include lawn mowers, agricultural equipment, construction equipment, aircraft 

engines, railroad locomotives, powerboats, and commercial marine (ships). All but the aircraft 

engine, railroad locomotive emissions and commercial marine activity were estimated using the 

USEPA’s off-road mobile model NONROAD2005c, which was released March 21, 2006. 

Direct emissions are generated with this model. This version incorporates all the USEPA final 

nonroad mobile engine emission standards, including the recreational and large spark-ignition 

engines rules that were published in the Federal Register in November 2002. Although this 

model is considered to be a final model, an updated version is planned that may incorporate 

revised inputs for the small spark-ignition (SI) (<19 kW) and recreational marine SI categories in 

conjunction with additional promulgated nonroad mobile engine standards. 

Nonroad mobile sources calculated through the NONROAD model are discussed in Section 6.1 

Aircraft, railroad and commercial marine emissions are discussed in Sections 3.2 through 3.4. 

3.1 NONROAD Model Sources 

The nonroad mobile source category includes a diverse collection of equipment such as lawn 

mowers, chain saws, tractors, all terrain vehicles, fork lifts and construction equipment. The 

USEPA NONROAD2005c model generates emissions directly and includes more than 80 

different types of equipment. To facilitate analysis and reporting, the USEPA grouped the 

equipment types into ten equipment categories. These include: 

Agricultural equipment Lawn and garden equipment 

Airport ground support equipment Logging equipment 

Commercial equipment Railroad maintenance equipment 

Construction equipment Recreational marine equipment 

Industrial equipment Recreational equipment 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -53 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

Additionally, the emissions are broken out by five different engine types. These include: 

2-stroke and 4-stroke spark engines, diesel engines, liquid petroleum gas (LPG) and compressed 

natural gas (CNG) fueled engines. 

One of the default input files was edited to reflect North Carolina specific information. In the 

“SEASON.DAT” file, the region representative of North Carolina was changed from MidAtlantic to Southeast. This was done after an evaluation of the meteorological data in the two 

files and comparing it to that of Charlotte. Default data was used for the remaining input files 

used in the NONROAD model. 

3.2 Aircraft Engines 

Aircraft engines, like other engines, emit pollutants whenever the engines are in operation. 

However, the only emissions that are of concern for this inventory are the portion of the 

operation that occurs below the mixing layer. This is because the emissions tend to disperse 

whenever the aircraft is above the mixing layer and therefore has little or no effect on ground 

level ozone. 

The aircraft operations of interest are termed the landing and takeoff (LTO) cycle. The cycle 

begins when the aircraft approaches the airport, descending below the mixing layer, lands and 

taxis to the gate. It continues as the aircraft idles at the gate and then taxis back out to the 

runway for the subsequent takeoff and climbout as it heads back to cruising altitudes, above the 

mixing layer. 

Aircraft can be categorized by use into four classifications: commercial, air taxis, general 

aviation and military. Commercial aircraft include those used for scheduled service transporting 

passengers and/or freight. Air taxis, or commuter aircraft, also fly scheduled service carrying 

passengers and/or freight but usually are smaller aircraft and operate on a more limited basis than 

commercial carriers. General aviation include all other non-military aircraft used for recreational 

flying, personal transportation, and various other activities. Military aircraft cover a wide range 

of sizes, uses and operating missions. The military aircraft are treated as a separate classification 

since the LTO operations reported at the airports group all military aircraft together. 

Emission factors are available for the many aircraft and engine combinations that exist. Factors 

for each aircraft exist for four operating modes in the LTO cycle. Emissions are calculated by 

obtaining data for the number of LTO cycles of the various aircraft at each airport in question, 

multiplying by the appropriate factors, and summing the results for the year under consideration. 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -54 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

Development of the 2002 aircraft emissions are described in the MACTEC document titled 

Documentation of the Base G 2002 Base Year, 2009 and 2018 Emission Inventories for VISTAS . 

This document refers back to a document titled “Development of the VISTAS Draft 2002 Mobile 

Source Emission Inventory (February 2004 Version)” prepared by E.H. Pechan & Associates, 

Inc. Both of these documents are included in Appendix D.5. 

The starting point for development of aircraft emissions estimates is the 1999 National Emission 

Inventory (1999 NEI) prepared by the USEPA. These emissions were grown to appropriate 

values for 2002 and 2009 using growth factors developed by the USEPA for the CAIR. Along 

the way there was input by the various States including North Carolina to arrive at more accurate 

emission estimates. 

3.3 Railroad Locomotives 

Railroads are categorized by size (Class I, Class 2) and passenger service (Amtrak and North 

Carolina Department of Transportation (NCDOT) Rail Division). Class I railroads are long haul 

operations, consisting of Norfolk Southern Corporation and CSX Corporation in North Carolina. 

Class II and Class III railroads are short lines, serving localized markets. Passenger service is 

provided by Amtrak and the NCDOT Rail Division in North Carolina. These entities lease 

trackage from Class I railroads. 

Development of railroad emissions is described in the MACTEC document titled Documentation 

of the Base G 2002 Base Year, 2009 and 2018 Emission Inventories for VISTAS. The 

VISTAS/ASIP railroad emission estimates started with 1999 emission estimates developed for 

the USEPA’s 1999 NEI Version 2 as base year estimates for the VISTAS region. Additional 

information is provided in “Development of the VISTAS Draft 2002 Mobile Source Emission 

Inventory (February 2004 Version)” prepared by E.H. Pechan & Associates, Inc. 

Projected emissions for 2002 were developed in two steps as described below. For 1999 to 2001, 

State-level rail fuel consumption was obtained from the Department of Energy, Energy 

Information Administration’s (EIA’s) Fuel Oil and Kerosene Sales. 

For 2001 to 2002, VISTAS applied national growth factors developed from fuel consumption 

projections in EIA’s Annual Energy Outlook. A growth factor of 1.4 was used for locomotives 

and applied to 1999 emissions to first develop 2001 emissions. Table 3.3-1 lists the growth 

factors used to generate 2002 emissions. 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -55 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

Table 3.3-1 2002 National Rail Transportation Energy Use by Fuel Type (Trillion BTU) 

 2001 2002 Growth Factor (GF)

Intercity Rail 

(Electric) 

10.17 10.40 1.0226

Intercity Rail (Diesel) 16.60 16.88 1.0169

Transit Rail (Electric) 46.36 47.40 1.0224

Intercity/Transit Rail Average (SCC 2285002008) 1.0206

Commuter Rail 

(Electric) 16.13 16.49 1.0223 

Commuter Rail 

(Diesel) 26.31 26.76 1.0171 

Commuter Rail Average (SCC 2285002009) 1.0197

Freight Rail 

(Distillate) 

(SCCs 2285002000, 

2285002005, 

2285002006, 

2285002007, 

2285002010)

512.81 492.32 0.9600

Source: Department of Energy, Energy Information Administration, Annual Energy Outlook 2003: Table 34. 

Transportation Sector Energy Use by Fuel Type Within a Mode 

3.4 Commercial Marine Vessel (CMV) 

The following description of development of commercial marine emission estimates is based on 

excerpts, with some editing, taken from the MACTEC document titled Documentation of the 

Base G 2002 Base Year, 2009 and 2018 Emission Inventories for VISTAS and a document titled 

“Development of the VISTAS Draft 2002 Mobile Source Emission Inventory (February 2004 

Version)” prepared by E.H. Pechan & Associates, Inc 

An initial 2002 base year emissions inventory for commercial marine vessels (CMV) was 

prepared for VISTAS in early 2004. The methods and data used to develop the inventory are 

presented in a February 9, 2004 report “Development of the VISTAS Draft 2002 Mobile Source 

Emission Inventory (February 2004 Version)” prepared by E.H. Pechan & Associates, Inc. 

Revisions to the initial 2002 emissions inventory (prepared by Pechan) were implemented to 

ensure that the latest State and local data were incorporated. For CMV, North Carolina provided 

no revised data. 

For 2002 commercial marine vessels (CMVs), Pechan used 1999 emission estimates developed 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -56 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

for the USEPA’s 1999 NEI Version 2 as base year estimates for the VISTAS region. Pechan 

then improved the spatial distribution of CMV emission estimates for the VISTAS region. 

Ideally, CMV emission estimates would be developed using local activity data that account for 

vessel type, engine type and mode of operation (cruise, maneuvering, and hotelling). Creating 

this type of “bottom-up” emission inventory requires a large amount of effort. Therefore, Pechan 

utilized port-specific emission estimates developed for the 1999 NEI, distributed using a revised 

allocation methodology, which incorporates information on the number of port facilities in each 

county. 

The 2002 VISTAS commercial marine inventory is based on the USEPA’s 1999 NEI Version 

2.0, projected to 2002 using appropriate growth factors. The 1999 NEI estimated emissions for 

these categories according to the following SCCs: 

SCC Descriptor 1 Descriptor 3 Descriptor 6 Descriptor 8 

2280002100 Mobile Sources Marine Vessels, Commercial Diesel Port emissions 

2280002200 Mobile Sources Marine Vessels, Commercial Diesel Underway emissions 

2280003100 Mobile Sources Marine Vessels, Commercial Residual Port emissions 

2280003200 Mobile Sources Marine Vessels, Commercial Residual Underway emissions 

For the 1999 NEI, commercial marine diesel emissions were developed by obtaining 2000 

emission estimates for all pollutants except SO2 from the USEPA’s Office of Transportation and 

Air Quality (OTAQ) marine diesel regulatory background documentation (Draft Regulatory 

Impact Analysis - Control of Emissions from Compression-Ignition Marine Engines). To 

estimate emissions for 1999, 2000 estimates were backcast using growth factors obtained from 

the draft Regulatory Impact Analysis (RIA) cited above. Steam-powered residual CMV 

emission estimates were developed by obtaining fuel usage data from OTAQ and applying fuelbased emission factors. A similar method was used for diesel SO2 emissions. National diesel 

usage was estimated assuming a sulfur content of 0.25 percent and the USEPA emission factors. 

In apportioning, distillate and residual fuels are considered separately. National diesel emissions 

were disaggregated into port and underway emissions estimates based on the assumption that 75 

percent of distillate fuel is consumed within the port, while the remaining fuel is consumed while 

underway, consistent with the USEPA guidance. National residual emissions were 

disaggregated into port and underway emissions estimates based on the assumption that 25 

percent of residual fuel is consumed within the port, while the remaining fuel is consumed while 

underway. 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -57 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

To allocate to counties, port emissions were assigned to the 150 largest U.S. ports based on 

activity obtained from the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE). The percentage of total 

traffic for each port was calculated by dividing the port-level traffic by the total traffic. 

Emissions for each port were then assigned to a single county. 

Underway emissions are assigned to counties based on a county’s shipping lane traffic. The 

Bureau of Transportation Statistics’ (BTS) National Transportation Atlas Databases-1999 

contains data on the thousand tons per mile traveled for each shipping lane link in the United 

States (BTS-CD26). Where navigable rivers form a county or State boundary, the shipping lane 

traffic is proportioned to individual counties based on the length of shoreline that is shared. For 

example, if two counties share a navigable river, and both counties have the same length of 

shoreline, the shipping traffic is split evenly between the two counties. Shipping lanes that are 

not within counties, for example in the ocean, are associated to States based on BTS 

assignments. These waterway weights are then evenly distributed among the counties within 

these States that have navigable waterways. All shipping activity is summed at the county-level 

and compared with national shipping activity to determine what portion of activity can be 

attributed to individual counties. These proportions were used in disaggregating the national 

CMV emission estimates to the county level. 

States that share borders with non-VISTAS States along the Mississippi and Ohio Rivers have 

expressed concern about the representativeness of port emission estimates at a county-level. 

Revising the county-level emissions estimates would allow more accurate modeling of emissions 

in the VISTAS states. 

For underway emissions, Pechan believes that the allocation procedure results in a reasonable 

distribution of county-level emissions. However, the methodology to allocate port emissions 

results in all the emissions being assigned to a single county. 

Port areas encompass multiple States and counties and in some cases, multiple waterways. 

Therefore, the emissions allocation process must incorporate all counties in the vicinity of the 

port where activity is occurring. This is especially true for inland rivers where activity takes 

place on both riverbanks and for ten river miles or more outside the port city. The revised 

methodology allocates port emissions based on a surrogate for port-related activity in each 

county, rather than using a single county to define the port. 

The report, Waterborne Commerce of the United States, Calendar Year 1999, hereafter referred 

to as Waterborne Commerce, presents the cargo tonnage and number of vessel trips in major 

waterways of the United States. The report defines port areas, which USACE uses to develop 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -58 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

the Top 150 Ports in the United States by amount of cargo tonnage. As discussed previously, the 

1999 NEI allocates all the port emissions to these 150 ports based on the cargo tonnage handled 

by the port. Pechan uses this allocation of emissions to each port area as the starting point of its 

revised allocation process. Morehead City Harbor and the Port of Wilmington are the two main 

ports in North Carolina. 

The next step was to develop a list of counties that make up the port area. Port area definitions 

were obtained from Waterborne Commerce. The port area definition for Morehead City Harbor 

port was “Morehead City Harbor, NC”. The port area definition for Wilmington City port was 

“Both banks of the Cape Fear River extending from a point about 18 miles below the foot of 

Castle St. in Wilmington to a point about 2 miles above the Railroad Bridge at Navassa, and both 

banks of Northeast (Cape Fear) River from its mouth to a point about 1.67 miles above the 

Hilton Railroad Bridge”. Using the port definitions by river mile, Pechan established which 

counties are included in each port area. The Port of Wilmington is included in the counties of 

Hanover and New Brunswick. The Morehead City Harbor is included in Carteret county. 

The next step in allocating emissions is to develop a surrogate for the amount of CMV activity in 

each county of the port area. Pechan assumed that the activity of vessels in each county is 

related to the number of port facilities operating in a given county. Port facilities include 

terminals, piers, wharves, and docks that are involved in all types of commercial activity and 

support services. Pechan obtained the number of port facilities in each county from USACE 

reports, The Port Series Reports. The USACE periodically surveys the commercial marine 

industry to obtain information on port facilities and publishes it in The Port Series Reports. The 

reports give the name, location, operations, and describe the physical and inter-modal 

characteristics of the facilities. The data includes the location of the facility by river mile, State, 

and county. 

For each port area, Pechan calculated the ratio between the number of port facilities in each 

county to the total number of facilities in all counties that make up the port area. This ratio was 

used to allocate emissions for each port area to the county-level. The ratio for Morehead City 

Harbor was 1.0 in Carteret county and the ratios for the Port of Wilmington were 0.8974 in New 

Hanover county and 0.1026 in Brunswick county. Pechan was directed to perform the 

reallocation for all VISTAS ports. 

 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -59 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

4. QUALITY ASSURANCE OF 2002 EMISSIONS INVENTORY 

Many emission estimation methods are based on AP-42 factors located on the USEPA website at 

http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/ap42/, factors given in the Procedures document, and factors given 

in the documents of the Emission Inventory Improvement Program website located at 

http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/eiip/. Sources of error would primarily be associated with 

multiplier values, data entry errors, and the accuracy of formulas. 

For the portion of the 2002 inventory developed by North Carolina, specific quality assurance 

(QA) procedures were followed. Under the direction of the Quality Assurance Coordinator, 

emission sources whose contribution were either at the high or low end of the range of estimates 

were scrutinized more closely to ensure that the emission estimates were estimated correctly. In 

addition, the raw data used in the calculations were verified to make sure transference to the 

spreadsheets was accomplished accurately. Furthermore, the formulas used to calculate the daily 

emissions were reviewed and checked for correctness. Random independent checks of the 

calculations were also performed to ensure the accuracy of the inventory. 

For the portion of the 2002 inventory developed by VISTAS and MACTEC, specific QA 

procedures were followed. These procedures are outlined in the document titled Documentation 

of the Base G 2002 Base Year, 2009, and 2018, Emission Inventories for VISTAS prepared for 

VISTAS by MACTEC, Inc. Throughout the inventory development process, quality assurance 

steps were performed to ensure that no double counting of emissions occurred, and to ensure that 

a full and complete inventory was developed for VISTAS. Quality assurance was an important 

component to the inventory development process and MACTEC performed the following QA 

steps on the area source component of the 2002 inventory: 

1. All CERR and NIF format State supplied data submittals were run through the 

USEPA’s Format and Content checking software. 

2. SCC level emission summaries were prepared and evaluated to ensure that emissions 

were consistent and that there were no missing sources. 

3. Fields were either added or used within each NIF data table to track the sources of 

data for each emission record. 

4. Data product summaries were provided to both the VISTAS Emission Inventory 

Technical Advisor and to Area Source and Fires SIWG representatives for review and 

comment. Changes based on these comments were implemented in the files. 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -60 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

5. Version numbering was used for all inventory files developed. The version 

numbering process used a decimal system to track major and minor changes. For 

example, a major change would result in a version going from 1.0 to 2.0. A minor 

change would cause a version number to go from 1.0 to 1.1. Minor changes resulting 

from largely editorial changes would result in a change from 1.00 to 1.01. 

6. All final NIF files were checked using the USEPA Format and Content checking 

software and summary information by State and pollutant were prepared comparing 

the previous versions of the inventory to the latest. 

For the fires inventory, data related to fuel loading and fuel consumption was reviewed and 

approved by the VISTAS Fire SIWG to ensure that values used for each type of fire and each 

individual fire were appropriate. Members of the VISTAS Fire SIWG included representatives 

from most State Divisions of Forestry (or equivalent) as well as U.S. Forest Service and National 

Park Service personnel. 

In addition, for the nonroad portion of the inventory prepared by VISTAS, tier comparisons (by 

pollutant) were developed between the revised 2002 base year inventory and the initial base year 

inventory. 

5. 2009 AND 2018 AREA SOURCE EMISSION INVENTORY 

DEVELOPMENT 

This subsection describes the methodology used to develop the 2009 and 2018 area source 

inventories. Separate methods for projecting emissions were used for non-agricultural (stationary 

area), agricultural area sources and forest fire area sources. The agricultural area sources method 

are for ammonia emissions and important for regional haze and fine particulate matter. 

The following Sections are based on excerpts, with some editing, taken from a document 

entitled, Documentation of the Base G 2002 Base Year, 2009 and 2018 Emission Inventories for 

VISTAS and prepared by MACTEC, Inc. 

5.1 Projection of Stationary Area Sources 

VISTAS 2002 base year inventory emissions were used as a starting point for calculating 2009 

and 2018 emissions. MACTEC, Inc. first back calculated uncontrolled emissions from the 2002 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -61 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

base year inventory. Growth and control factors were then applied based on controls initially 

identified for the Clean Air Interstate Rule (CAIR) and growth factors identified for the CAIR 

projections. In some cases, Economic Growth Analysis System version 5.0 (EGAS 5.0) growth 

factors were used if no growth factor was available from the CAIR growth factor files. 

The 2009 and 2018 growth factors were obtained from the USEPA growth factors and indirectly 

from 2010 and 2015 CAIR growth factors. Using a 2001 base year, interpolation of 2010 and 

2015 CAIR growth factors yielded 2009 and 2018 growth factors. MACTEC used the TREND 

function of Microsoft Excel for interpolation. Interpolated growth factors were calculated at the 

State and SCC level. 

In a few cases, additional growth factors had to be added for sources that had not initially been 

included in a draft 2002 inventory. These growth factors were obtained from EGAS 5.0. Finally 

updates to growth factors from EGAS 5.0 were made for fuel fired emission sources. The 

updated growth factors reflected the most recent data from the Department of Energy’s Annual 

Energy Outlook (AEO). These data were used to reflect changes in energy efficiency resulting 

from new or updated fuel firing technologies. 

North Carolina provided 2009 and 2018 updated emission files used to update the emissions for 

each year for several source categories. However not all sources in the inventory were included 

in these North Carolina updates. As a consequence, the final 2009 inventory for North Carolina 

included emissions updated using the North Carolina supplied files and emissions developed 

using growth and control factors as outlined above. 

5.2 Projection of Agricultural Area Sources 

MACTEC used the version 3.1 2002 base year inventory data (which was based on the CMU 

ammonia model version 3.6). MACTEC obtained State specific growth, if available. Otherwise, 

growth factors were used, which were developed from the USEPA Interstate Air Quality 

Transport Rule (IAQTR)/Ammonia inventory. Growth factors for several agricultural livestock 

categories were developed by the USEPA, as part of the NEI. 

In addition, ammonia growth factors for a few categories (mainly feedlots) were assigned to be 

the same as growth factors for PM emissions from the NEI projections. This assignment was 

made because the CMU model showed emissions from these categories but the NEI projections 

did not show ammonia emissions but did show PM emissions. No growth factors were found for 

horse and pony emissions. These emissions were held constant at 2002 levels. 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -62 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

No controls were identified by North Carolina; thus, all projected emissions for agricultural area 

sources represent simple growth with no controls. 

Wild animal and human perspiration emissions were removed from the 2009 and 2018 

inventories. All swine emissions for North Carolina were maintained at 2002 levels for each 

2009 and 2018 to capture a moratorium on swine production in that State. 

5.3 Projection of Forest Fires Area Sources 

Several Federal agencies indicated that they had plans for increased prescribed fire burning in 

future years and that the “typical” fire inventory would likely not adequately capture those 

increases. Thus, MACTEC acquired the data necessary to provide 2009 specific projections for 

the prescribed fire component of the fire inventory. 

The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) submitted annual acreage data by National 

Wildlife Refuge (NWR) and by county with estimates of acres burned per day for each NWR. 

USFS provided fire-by-fire acreage estimates based on mapping projected burning acreage to 

current 2002 modeling days. However, USFWS did not submit data for VISTAS original base 

year preparation process, thus there was no known USFWS data in the 2002 actual or typical 

inventories. MACTEC therefore developed a method that could use the county-level data 

submitted by USFWS. 

Several VISTAS States run a prescribed fire-permitting program. To avoid double counting, 

only State data and not USFWS or USFS data was used in those States for the 2002 actual 

inventory. 

The method used by MACTEC to include the USFS data applied a county level data approach 

for USFS data where a State had a prescribed fire permitting program and a fire-by-fire 

replacement for USFS data in States without permit programs. MACTEC used a county level 

approach for all of the USFWS data. The approach used for each data set is discussed below. 

For USFWS data, 2002 annual county acres burned was subtracted from the USFWS projected 

acreage. A 0.8 factor was applied to the difference to account for blackened acres instead of the 

total perimeter acres that were reported. The revised total additional USFWS acreage was then 

added to the total county “typical” acreage to determine future acreage burned for 2009 and 

2018. 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -63 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

MACTEC then allocated the increased acreage to current modeling days. The average daily acres 

burned data provided by USFWS per NWR/county was used to allocate the acreage to the 

correct number of days required to burn all of the acres. Guidance supplied by USFWS indicated 

that up to three times the average daily acres burned could potentially be allocated to any one 

day. 

For the USFS fire-by-fire acreage estimates, MACTEC summed the USFS data at a county-level 

for States that had permit programs, then added the sum to the typical acreage and allocated the 

acres to current modeling days. For States that do not have a State prescribed fire permit 

program, MACTEC simply replaced the current fire-by-fire records in the database with fire-byfire records from the USFS and recalculated emissions based on fuel model and fuel loading. 

VISTAS also applied the same 0.8 correction for blackened acres applied to all USFS supplied 

acreage as the supplied values represented perimeter acres. 

An additional problem with developing year-specific prescribed fire projections was how to 

adequately capture the temporal profile for those fires. In the 2002 actual fire inventory, fires 

occur on same days as state/FLM records. In the 2002 “typical” year inventory, fire acreage 

increased or decreased from acreage on the same fire days as were in the 2002 actual inventory, 

since the acres were simply increased for each day based on a multiplier used to convert from 

actual to typical. 

When prescribed fires acreage was added to a future year, MACTEC added acreage to individual 

fire days proportional to the annual increase (if acreage on a day is 10 percent of annual, add 10 

percent of projected increase to that same day). 

6. 2009 AND 2018 NONROAD SOURCE EMISSION INVENTORY 

DEVELOPMENT 

The subsections that follow describe the projection process used to develop 2009 and 2018 

nonroad projection estimates for sources found in the NONROAD model and those sources 

estimated outside of the model (locomotives, airplanes and commercial marine vessels). 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -64 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

6.1 Projection of NONROAD Model Sources 

NONROAD model input files were prepared based on the 2002 base year inventory input files 

with appropriate updates for the projection years. Other specific updates for the projection years 

for NONROAD model sources consist of: 

1. Revise the emission inventory year in the model (as well as various output file naming 

commands) to be reflective of the projection year. 

2. Revise the fuel sulfur content for gasoline and diesel powered equipment. 

3. Implement a limited number of local control program changes (national control 

program changes are handled internally within the NONROAD model, so explicit input 

file changes are not required). 

All equipment population growth and fleet turnover impacts are handled internally within the 

NONROAD model, so that explicit input file changes are not required. 

The final NONROAD2005c that was used for inventory development is capable of handling 

separate diesel fuel sulfur inputs for land-based and marine-based nonroad mobile source 

equipment in a single model execution. The following diesel fuel sulfur values were used: 

Diesel S (ppm) 2002 2009 2018 

 Land-Based 2500 348 11 

 Marine-Based 2638 408 56 

6.2 Projection of Non-NONROAD Model Sources 

Using the 2002 base year emissions inventory for aircraft, locomotives, and CMV prepared as 

described earlier in this document, corresponding emission projections for 2009 and 2018 were 

developed. The following description is largely taken from the MACTEC document titled 

Documentation of the Base G 2002 Base Year, 2009 and 2018 Emission Inventories for VISTAS. 

Briefly, the methodology relies on growth and control factors developed from inventories used in 

support of recent USEPA rulemakings, and consists of the following steps: 

(a) Begin with the 2002 base year emission estimates for aircraft, locomotive, and CMV. 

(b) Detailed inventory data (both before and after controls) for these same emission sources 

for 1996, 2010, 2015, and 2020 were obtained from the USEPA's CAIR Technical 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -65 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

Support Document. Using these data, combined growth and control factors for the period 

2002-2009 and 2002-2018 were estimated using straight line interpolation between 1996 

and 2010 (for 2009) and 2015 and 2020 (for 2018). This is done at the 

State-county-SCC-pollutant level of detail. 

(c) The USEPA growth and control data are matched against the 2002 VISTAS base year 

data using State-county-SCC-pollutant as the match key. Ideally, there would be a 

one-to-one match and the process would end at this point. Unfortunately, actual match 

results were not always ideal, so additional matching criteria were required. For 

subsequent reference, this initial (highest resolution) matching criterion is denoted as the 

“CAIR-Primary” criterion. 

(d) A second matching criterion is applied that utilizes a similar, but higher-level SCC (lower 

resolution) matching approach. For example, SCC 2275020000 (commercial aircraft) in 

the 2002 base year inventory data would be matched with SCC 2275000000 (all aircraft) 

in the CAIR data. This criterion is applied to records in the 2002 base year emissions file 

that are not matched using the “CAIR-Primary” criterion, and is also performed at the 

State-county-SCC-pollutant level of detail. For subsequent reference, this is denoted as 

the “CAIR-Secondary” criterion. At the end of this process, a number of unmatched 

records continued to remain, so a third level matching criterion was required. 

(e) In the third matching step, the most frequently used SCC in the USEPA CAIR files for 

each of the aircraft, locomotive, and commercial marine sectors is averaged at the State 

level to produce a “default” State and pollutant-specific growth and control factor for the 

sector. The resulting factor is used as a “default” growth factor for all unmatched 

county-SCC-pollutant level data in each State. In effect, State-specific growth data are 

applied to county level data for which an explicit match between the VISTAS 2002 base 

year data and the USEPA CAIR data could not be developed. The default growth and 

control SCCs are 2275020000 (commercial aircraft) for the aircraft sector, 2280002000 

(commercial marine diesel total) for the CMV sector, and 2285002000 (railroad 

equipment diesel total) for the locomotive sector. Matches made using this criterion are 

denoted as “CAIR-Tertiary” matches. 

(f) According to USEPA documentation, the CAIR baseline emissions include the impacts 

of the (then proposed) Tier 4 (T4) nonroad mobile diesel rulemaking, which implements 

a low sulfur fuel requirement that affects both future CMV and locomotive emissions. 

However, the impacts of this rule were originally intended to be excluded from the initial 

VISTAS 2018 forecast, which was to include only “on-the-books” controls. (The T4 rule 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -66 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

was finalized subsequent to the development of the preliminary 2018 inventory in March 

of 2004.) Given its final status, T4 impacts have now been moved into the “on the 

books” inventory for nonroad mobile source equipment. In addition, since there are no 

other proposed rules affecting the nonroad mobile source sector between 2002 and 2018, 

there is no difference between the 2018 “on the books” and 2018 “on the way” 

inventories for the sector; so that only a single forecast inventory (for each evaluation 

year) was developed. Nevertheless, since the algorithms developed to produce the 

VISTAS forecasts were developed when there was a distinction between the “on the 

books” and “on the way” inventories, the distinct algorithms used to produce the two 

inventories have been maintained even though the conceptual distinctions have been lost. 

This approach was taken for two reasons. First, it allowed the previously developed 

algorithms to be utilized without change. Second, it allowed for separate treatment of the 

T4 emissions impact, which was important as those impacts have changed between the 

proposed and final T4 rules. Thus, previous USEPA inventories that include the proposed 

T4 impacts would not be accurate. Therefore, the procedural discussion continues to 

reflect the distinctions between non-T4 and T4 emissions, as these distinctions continue 

to be intrinsically important to the forecasting process. Therefore, a second set of USEPA 

CAIR files that excluded the Tier 4 diesel impacts was obtained and the same matching 

exercise described above in steps (b) through (e) was performed using these “No T4” 

files. It is important to note that the matching exercise described in steps (b) through (e) 

cannot simply be replaced because the “No T4” files obtained from the USEPA include 

only those SCCs specifically affected by the T4 rule (i.e., diesel CMV and locomotives). 

So in effect, the matching exercise was augmented (rather than replaced) with an 

additional three criteria analogous to those described in steps (c) through (e), and these 

are denoted as the “No T4-Primary,” “No T4-Secondary,” and “No T4-Tertiary” criteria. 

Because they exclude the impacts of the proposed T4 rule, matches using the “No T4” 

criteria supersede matches made using the basic CAIR criteria (as described in steps (c) 

through (e) above). 

The CAIR matching criteria were overridden for any record for which States provided 

local growth data. Only North Carolina provided these forecasts, as North Carolina has 

provided specific growth factors for airport emissions in four counties. Because the 

provided data were based on forecasted changes in landings and takeoffs at major North 

Carolina airports, the factors were applied only to commercial (SCC 2275020000) and air 

taxi (SCC 2275060000) emissions. Emissions forecasts for military and general aviation 

aircraft operations, as well as all aircraft operations in counties other than the four 

identified in the North Carolina growth factor submission, continued to utilize the growth 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -67 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

factors developed according to steps (b) through (f) above. Table 6.2-1 presents the 

locally generated growth factors applied in North Carolina. 

Table 6.2-1 Locally Generated Growth Factors for North Carolina 

FIP 2009 Factor 2018 Factor 

37067 0.71 0.84 

37081 0.97 0.89 

37119 1.15 1.01 

37183 0.88 0.81 

Note: 

Growth factor = Year Emissions/2002 Emissions. 

Under CAIR approach, 2009 = 1.16 to 1.17 for all 4 counties. 

Under CAIR approach, 2018 = 1.36 to 1.37 for all 4 counties. 

(h) Using this approach, each State-county-SCC-pollutant was assigned a combined growth 

and control factor using the USEPA CAIR forecast or locally provided data. The 22,838 

data records for aircraft, locomotives, and CMV in the 2002 base year emissions file were 

assigned growth factors in accordance with the following breakdown: 

 48 records matched State-provided growth factors, 

 4,179 records matched using the CAIR-Primary criterion, 

 240 records matched using the CAIR-Secondary criterion, 

 7,463 records matched using the CAIR-Tertiary criterion, 

 720 records matched using the No T4-Primary criterion, 

 3,858 records matched using the No T4-Secondary criterion, and 

 6,330 records matched using the No T4-Tertiary criterion. 

(i) Finally, the impacts of the T4 rule as adopted were applied to the grown “non T4” 

emission estimates. The actual T4 emission standards do not affect aircraft, locomotive, 

or CMV directly, but associated diesel fuel sulfur requirements do affect locomotives and 

CMV. Lower fuel sulfur content affects both SO2 and PM emissions. Expected fuel 

sulfur contents were obtained for 2009 and 2018 from the USEPA technical support 

document for the final T4 rule (Final Regulatory Analysis: Control of Emissions from 

Nonroad Diesel Engines, EPA420-R-04-007, May 2004). According to that document, 

the average diesel fuel sulfur content for locomotives and CMV is expected to be 408 

parts per million by weight (ppmW) in 2009 and 56 ppmW in 2018. These compare to 

expected non-T4 fuel sulfur levels of 2599 ppmW in 2009 and 2336 ppmW in 2018. 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -68 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

Table 6.2-2 uses calculated emissions estimates for base and T4 control scenarios to 

estimate emission reduction impacts. 

Table 6.2-2 Estimated Emission Reduction Impacts based on T-4 Rule 

2009 2018

CMV SO2 = Non-T4 SO2 × 0.1569 0.0241

Locomotive SO2 = Non-T4 SO2 × 0.1569 0.0241

CMV PM = Non-T4 PM × 0.8962 0.8762

Locomotive PM = Non-T4 PM × 0.8117 0.7734

However, since the diesel fuel sulfur content assumed for the 2002 VISTAS base year 

inventory, upon which the 2009 and 2018 inventories were based, is 2500 ppmW, a small 

adjustment to the emission reduction multiplier calculated from the T4 rule is appropriate 

since they are measured relative to modestly different sulfur contents (2599 ppmW for 

2009 and 2336 ppmW for 2018). Correcting for these modest differences produces the 

emission reduction impact estimates relative to forecasts based on the VISTAS 2002 

inventory shown in Table 6.2-3. 

Table 6.2-3 Estimated Emission Reduction Impacts Relative to VISTAS 2002 Base 

Year Values 

2009 2018

CMV SO2 = Non-T4 SO2 × 0.1632 0.0225

Locomotive SO2 = Non-T4 SO2 × 0.1632 0.0225

CMV PM = Non-T4 PM × 0.9004 0.8685

Locomotive PM = Non-T4 PM × 0.8187 0.7610

These factors were applied directly to the non-T4 emission forecasts to produce the final 

VISTAS 2009 and 2018 emissions inventories for aircraft, locomotive, and CMV. 

During the development of the preliminary 2018 VISTAS inventory in March 2004, this process 

yielded reasonable results and exhibited no particular systematic concerns. However, when the 

initial 2009 inventory was developed, significant concerns related to SO2 and PM were 

encountered. Essentially, what was revealed by the initial 2009 forecast was a series of apparent 

inconsistencies in the CAIR 2010 and 2015 emission inventories (as compared to the 1996 and 

2020 CAIR inventories) that were masked during the construction of the “longer-term” 

2018 inventory. 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -69 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

For the most part, the issue seems to be centered on SO2 and PM records, which are those 

records primarily affected by the T4 rule. But, as noted above, there does not seem to be any 

pattern of consistency that would indicate that either inclusion or exclusion of T4 rule impacts is 

the underlying cause. Moreover, where they occur, the observed growth extremes generally 

affect both SO2 and PM equally, while one would expect PM effects to be buffered if the T4 rule 

was the underlying cause, since changes in diesel fuel sulfur content will only affect a fraction of 

PM (i.e., sulfate), while directly reducing SO2. 

While forecast inventories for aircraft, locomotives, and CMV were developed for 2009 and 

2018 using both growth methods, it was ultimately decided to utilize the 1996-2020 growth basis 

since it provided more reasonable growth rates for 2009. 

7. QUALITY ASSURANCE OF 2009 AND 2018 EMISSIONS INVENTORY 

For the portion of the 2009 and 2018 inventories developed by North Carolina, specific QA 

procedures were followed. Under the direction of the Quality Assurance Coordinator, emission 

sources whose contribution were either at the high or low end of the range of estimates were 

scrutinized more closely to ensure that the emission estimates were estimated correctly. In 

addition, the raw data used in the calculations were verified to make sure transference to the 

spreadsheets was accomplished accurately. Furthermore, the formulas used to calculate the daily 

emissions were reviewed and checked for correctness. Random independent checks of the 

calculations were also performed to ensure the accuracy of the inventory. 

For the portion of the 2009 and 2018 inventories developed by VISTAS and MACTEC, Inc., 

specific QA procedures were followed. These procedures are outlined in the document titled 

Documentation of the Base G 2002 Base Year, 2009, and 2018, Emission Inventories for VISTAS

prepared for VISTAS by MACTEC, Inc. Throughout the inventory development process, 

quality assurance steps were performed to ensure that no double counting of emissions occurred, 

to ensure that a full and complete inventory was developed for VISTAS, and to make sure that 

projection calculations were working correctly. Quality assurance was an important component 

to the inventory development process and MACTEC performed the following QA steps on the 

stationary and agricultural area source, and the nonroad mobile source components of the 2009 

and 2018 emission inventories: 

1. All final files were run through EPA’s Format and Content checking software. 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -70 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

2. SCC level emission summaries were prepared and evaluated to ensure that emissions 

were consistent and that there were no missing sources. 

3. Tier comparisons (by pollutant) were developed between the 2002 base year 

inventory and the 2009 and 2018 projection inventories. In addition, total VISTAS 

pollutant summaries were prepared to compare total emissions by pollutant between 

earlier and later versions of the inventory. 

4. Data product summaries were provided to both the VISTAS Emission Inventory 

Technical Advisor and to the SIWG representatives for review and comment. 

Changes based on these comments were implemented in the files. 

5. Version numbering was used for all inventory files developed. The version 

numbering process used a decimal system to track major and minor changes. For 

example, a major change would result in a version going from 1.0 to 2.0. A minor 

change would cause a version number to go from 1.0 to 1.1. Minor changes resulting 

from largely editorial changes would result in a change from 1.00 to 1.01. 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -71 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

8. ADDITIONAL DATA 

8.1 SIC TO NAICS CROSSWALK 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -72 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -73 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -74 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -75 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -76 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -77 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -78 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -79 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -80 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -81 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -82 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -83 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -84 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -85 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -86 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -87 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -88 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -89 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -90 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -91 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -92 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -93 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -94 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -95 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -96 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -97 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -98 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -99 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -100 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -101 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -102 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -103 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -104 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -105 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -106 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -107 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -108 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -109 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -110 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -111 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -112 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -113 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -114 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -115 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -116 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -117 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -118 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -119 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

8.2 FRACTION OF NAICS CODE EMPLOYMENT USED TO CREATE SIC 

EMPLOYMENT 

SIC NAICS 

SIC 

Employees 

1997 

NAICS 

Employees 

‘1997 

Employee 

Fraction NAICS description 

Factory Finished Wood Surface Coating 

2426 321918 10521 38100 0.276 Other millwork (including flooring) 

2426 337215 6310 75382 0.084 Showcase, partition, shelving, & locker mfg 

2426 321912 17109 39763 0.430 Cut stock, resawing lumber, & planing 

2429 321113 304 119760 0.003 Sawmills 

2429 321920 684 51134 0.013 Wood container & pallet mfg 

2429 321999 355 43839 0.008 All other miscellaneous wood product mfg 

2431 321911 64771 64771 1.000 Wood window & door mfg 

2431 321918 27488 38100 0.721 Other millwork (including flooring) 

2434 337110 79579 99257 0.802 Wood kitchen cabinet & counter top mfg 

2435 321211 22151 22151 1.000 Hardwood veneer & plywood mfg 

2436 321212 28843 28843 1.000 Softwood veneer & plywood mfg 

2439 321912 0 39763 0.000 Cut stock, resawing lumber, & planing 

2439 321214 32522 32522 1.000 Truss mfg 

2439 321113 0 119760 0.000 Sawmills 

2439 321213 5372 5372 1.000 Engineered wood member (except truss) mfg 

2441 321920 4885 51134 0.096 Wood container & pallet mfg 

2448 321920 38994 51134 0.763 Wood container & pallet mfg 

2449 321920 5701 51134 0.111 Wood container & pallet mfg 

2451 321991 68269 68269 1.000 Manufactured home (mobile home) mfg 

2452 321992 22965 22965 1.000 Prefabricated wood building mfg 

2493 321219 25269 25269 1.000 Reconstituted wood product mfg 

2499 339999 13740 74137 0.185 All other miscellaneous mfg 

2499 332321 0 74944 0.000 Metal window & door mfg 

2499 321920 870 51134 0.017 Wood container & pallet mfg 

2499 321912 549 39763 0.014 Cut stock, resawing lumber, & planing 

2499 321999 41844 43839 0.954 All other miscellaneous wood product mfg 

Furniture & Fixtures Surface Coating and Part of Miscellaneous Degreasing 

2511 337122 123368 128248 0.962 Nonupholstered wood household furniture 

mfg 

2512 337121 85258 90009 0.947 Upholstered household furniture mfg 

2514 337124 22835 22835 1.000 Metal household furniture mfg 

2515 337121 1601 90009 0.018 Upholstered household furniture mfg 

2515 337910 23072 23072 1.000 Mattress mfg 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -120 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

SIC NAICS 

SIC 

Employees 

1997 

NAICS 

Employees 

‘1997 

Employee 

Fraction NAICS description 

2517 337129 4273 4273 1.000 Wood television, radio, & sewing machine 

cabinet mfg 

2519 337125 4708 4708 1.000 Household furniture (except wood & metal) 

mfg 

2521 337211 30641 30641 1.000 Wood office furniture mfg 

2522 337214 44222 44222 1.000 Office furniture (except wood) mfg 

2531 336360 20784 45600 0.456 Motor vehicle seating & interior trim mfg 

2531 337127 15254 38218 0.399 Institutional furniture mfg 

2531 339942 941 7990 0.118 Lead pencil & art good mfg 

2541 337110 9785 99257 0.099 Wood kitchen cabinet & counter top mfg 

2541 337212 24363 24363 1.000 Custom architectural woodwork & millwork 

mfg 

2541 337215 23305 75382 0.309 Showcase, partition, shelving, & locker mfg 

2542 337215 44472 75382 0.590 Showcase, partition, shelving, & locker mfg 

2591 337920 19617 19617 1.000 Blind & shade mfg 

2599 337127 22448 38218 0.587 Institutional furniture mfg 

2599 339113 2925 85315 0.034 Surgical appliance & supplies mfg 

Part of Misc. Degreasing 

3312 324199 1731 3671 0.472 All other petroleum & coal products mfg 

3312 331111 144074 146514 0.983 Iron & steel mills 

3313 331112 3724 3724 1.000 Electrometallurgical ferroalloy product mfg 

3313 331492 311 11610 0.027 Other nonferrous metal secondary smelting, 

refining, & alloying 

3315 331222 23489 23489 1.000 Steel wire drawing 

3315 332618 2265 46174 0.049 Other fabricated wire product mfg 

3316 331221 14362 14362 1.000 Cold-rolled steel shape mfg 

3317 331210 27723 27723 1.000 Iron & steel pipes & tubes mfg from 

purchased steel 

3321 331511 83570 86198 0.970 Iron foundries 

3322 331511 2628 86198 0.030 Iron foundries 

3324 331512 22673 22673 1.000 Steel investment foundries 

3325 331513 23982 23982 1.000 Steel foundries (except investment) 

3331 331411 7360 7360 1.000 Primary smelting & refining of copper 

3334 331312 15763 15763 1.000 Primary aluminum production 

3339 331419 10132 10132 1.000 Other nonferrous metal primary smelting & 

refining 

3341 331423 1768 2333 0.758 Secondary smelting, refining, & alloying of 

copper 

 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -121 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

SIC NAICS 

SIC 

Employees 

1997 

NAICS 

Employees 

‘1997 

Employee 

Fraction NAICS description 

3341 331492 5485 11610 0.472 Other nonferrous metal secondary smelting, 

refining, & alloying 

3341 331314 6226 6714 0.927 Secondary smelting & alloying of aluminum 

3351 331421 21150 21150 1.000 Copper rolling, drawing, & extruding 

3353 331315 25111 25111 1.000 Aluminum sheet, plate, & foil mfg 

3353 332996 0 29364 0.000 Fabricated pipe & pipe fitting mfg 

3354 331316 30357 30357 1.000 Aluminum extruded product mfg 

3355 331319 2657 4306 0.617 Other aluminum rolling & drawing 

3356 331491 17237 25872 0.666 Other nonferrous metal rolling, drawing, & 

extruding 

Part of Misc. Degreasing and Part of Electrical Insulation Surface Coating 

3357 331319 1649 4306 0.383 Other aluminum rolling & drawing 

3357 331422 4692 4692 1.000 Copper wire (except mechanical) drawing 

3357 331491 8635 25872 0.334 Other nonferrous metal rolling, drawing, & 

extruding 

3357 335921 8589 8589 1.000 Fiber optic cable mfg 

3357 335929 46267 46267 1.000 Other communication & energy wire mfg 

Part of Misc. Degreasing 

3363 331521 27717 27717 1.000 Aluminum die-casting foundries 

3364 331522 17243 17243 1.000 Nonferrous (except aluminum) die-casting 

foundries 

3365 331524 34098 34098 1.000 Aluminum foundries (except die-casting) 

3366 331525 8909 8909 1.000 Copper foundries (except die-casting) 

3369 331528 6529 6529 1.000 Other nonferrous foundries (except diecasting) 

3398 332811 22674 22674 1.000 Metal heat treating 

3399 331111 2440 146514 0.017 Iron & steel mills 

3399 331314 488 6714 0.073 Secondary smelting & alloying of aluminum 

3399 331423 565 2333 0.242 Secondary smelting, refining, & alloying of 

copper 

3399 331492 5814 11610 0.501 Other nonferrous metal secondary smelting, 

refining, & alloying 

3399 332618 2088 46174 0.045 Other fabricated wire product mfg 

Part of Misc. Degreasing and Metal Containers Surface Coating 

3411 332431 27316 27316 1.000 Metal can mfg 

3412 332439 6318 14922 0.423 Other metal container mfg 

Part of Misc. Degreasing 

3421 332211 11129 11230 0.991 Cutlery & flatware (except precious) mfg 

3423 332212 42947 50388 0.852 Hand & edge tool mfg 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -122 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

SIC NAICS 

SIC 

Employees 

1997 

NAICS 

Employees 

‘1997 

Employee 

Fraction NAICS description 

3425 332213 9149 9149 1.000 Saw blade & handsaw mfg 

3429 332439 4135 14922 0.277 Other metal container mfg 

3429 332510 70884 74285 0.954 Hardware mfg 

3429 332919 750 18739 0.040 Other metal valve & pipe fitting mfg 

3431 332998 9994 9994 1.000 Enameled iron & metal sanitary ware mfg 

3432 332913 16202 16202 1.000 Plumbing fixture fitting & trim mfg 

3432 332999 474 79070 0.006 All other miscellaneous fabricated metal 

product mfg 

3433 333414 22495 24666 0.912 Heating equipment (except warm air furnaces) 

mfg 

3441 332312 84704 93433 0.907 Fabricated structural metal mfg 

3442 332321 72970 74944 0.974 Metal window & door mfg 

3443 333415 339 119795 0.003 AC & warm air heating & 

commercial/industrial refrig equip mfg 

3443 332420 33704 33704 1.000 Metal tank (heavy gauge) mfg 

3443 332313 25453 25453 1.000 Plate work mfg 

3443 332410 27542 27542 1.000 Power boiler & heat exchanger mfg 

3444 332322 129826 129826 1.000 Sheet metal work mfg 

3444 332439 2074 14922 0.139 Other metal container mfg 

3446 332323 30960 34391 0.900 Ornamental & architectural metal work mfg 

3448 332311 25946 25946 1.000 Prefabricated metal building & component 

mfg 

3449 332114 15219 15219 1.000 Custom roll forming 

3449 332312 8729 93433 0.093 Fabricated structural metal mfg 

3449 332321 1974 74944 0.026 Metal window & door mfg 

3449 332323 349 34391 0.010 Ornamental & architectural metal work mfg 

3451 332721 80404 80404 1.000 Precision turned product mfg 

3452 332722 52995 52995 1.000 Bolt, nut, screw, rivet, & washer mfg 

3462 332111 26432 26432 1.000 Iron & steel forging 

3463 332112 9129 9129 1.000 Nonferrous forging 

3465 336370 126905 126905 1.000 Motor vehicle metal stamping 

3466 332115 4682 4682 1.000 Crown & closure mfg 

3469 332116 93086 93086 1.000 Metal stamping 

3469 332214 7724 7724 1.000 Kitchen utensil, pot, & pan mfg 

3471 332813 74640 74640 1.000 Electroplating, plating, polishing, anodizing, 

& coloring 

 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -123 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

SIC NAICS 

SIC 

Employees 

1997 

NAICS 

Employees 

‘1997 

Employee 

Fraction NAICS description 

Part of Misc. Degreasing and Sheet, Strip & Coil Surface Coating 

3479 332812 55904 55904 1.000 Metal coating/engraving (exc 

jewelry/silverware)/allied services 

3479 339911 79 34773 0.002 Jewelry (except costume) mfg 

3479 339912 103 6459 0.016 Silverware & plated ware mfg 

3479 339914 29 14573 0.002 Costume jewelry & novelty mfg 

Part of Misc. Degreasing 

3482 332992 6863 6863 1.000 Small arms ammunition mfg 

3483 332993 9427 9427 1.000 Ammunition (except small arms) mfg 

3484 332994 9907 9907 1.000 Small arms mfg 

3489 332995 12285 12285 1.000 Other ordnance & accessories mfg 

3491 332911 53459 53459 1.000 Industrial valve mfg 

3492 332912 37132 37132 1.000 Fluid power valve & hose fitting mfg 

3493 332611 5381 5381 1.000 Spring (heavy gauge) mfg 

3494 332919 17652 18739 0.942 Other metal valve & pipe fitting mfg 

3494 332999 564 79070 0.007 All other miscellaneous fabricated metal 

product mfg 

3495 332612 18798 18798 1.000 Spring (light gauge) mfg 

3495 334518 175 6333 0.028 Watch, clock, & part mfg 

3496 332618 41821 46174 0.906 Other fabricated wire product mfg 

3497 332999 5648 79070 0.071 All other miscellaneous fabricated metal 

product mfg 

3497 322225 4967 4967 1.000 Laminated aluminum foil mfg for flexible 

packaging uses 

3498 332996 29364 29364 1.000 Fabricated pipe & pipe fitting mfg 

3499 332439 2331 14922 0.156 Other metal container mfg 

3499 332510 3401 74285 0.046 Hardware mfg 

3499 332919 375 18739 0.020 Other metal valve & pipe fitting mfg 

3499 332999 63736 79070 0.806 All other miscellaneous fabricated metal 

product mfg 

3499 337215 1295 75382 0.017 Showcase, partition, shelving, & locker mfg 

3499 339914 568 14573 0.039 Costume jewelry & novelty mfg 

3499 332117 10760 10760 1.000 Powder metallurgy part mfg 

Part of Misc. Degreasing and Machinery & Equipment Surface Coating 

3511 333611 19529 19529 1.000 Turbine & turbine generator set unit mfg 

3519 333618 56338 56348 1.000 Other engine equipment mfg 

3519 336399 896 174465 0.005 All other motor vehicle parts mfg 

3523 332212 60 50388 0.001 Hand & edge tool mfg 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -124 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

SIC NAICS 

SIC 

Employees 

1997 

NAICS 

Employees 

‘1997 

Employee 

Fraction NAICS description 

3523 333922 320 39599 0.008 Conveyor & conveying equipment mfg 

3523 333111 66370 66370 1.000 Farm machinery & equipment mfg 

3523 332323 3082 34391 0.090 Ornamental & architectural metal work mfg 

3524 332212 60 50388 0.001 Hand & edge tool mfg 

3524 333112 28617 28617 1.000 Lawn & garden tractor & home lawn & 

garden equipment mfg 

3531 333120 74965 74965 1.000 Construction machinery mfg 

3531 333923 10263 18014 0.570 Overhead traveling crane, hoist, & monorail 

system mfg 

3531 336510 2379 34012 0.070 Railroad rolling stock mfg 

3532 333131 13547 13547 1.000 Mining machinery & equipment mfg 

3533 333132 29451 29451 1.000 Oil & gas field machinery & equipment mfg 

3534 333921 9442 9442 1.000 Elevator & moving stairway mfg 

3535 333922 39279 39599 0.992 Conveyor & conveying equipment mfg 

3536 333923 7751 18014 0.430 Overhead traveling crane, hoist, & monorail 

system mfg 

3537 333924 25953 25953 1.000 Industrial truck, tractor, trailer, & stacker 

machinery mfg 

3537 332439 64 14922 0.004 Other metal container mfg 

3537 332999 240 79070 0.003 All other miscellaneous fabricated metal 

product mfg 

3541 333512 28849 29371 0.982 Machine tool (metal cutting types) mfg 

3542 333513 14185 14185 1.000 Machine tool (metal forming types) mfg 

3543 332997 7959 7959 1.000 Industrial pattern mfg 

3544 333511 48657 48657 1.000 Industrial mold mfg 

3544 333514 80113 80113 1.000 Special die & tool, die set, jig, & fixture mfg 

3545 332212 6379 50388 0.127 Hand & edge tool mfg 

3545 333515 47925 47925 1.000 Cutting tool & machine tool accessory mfg 

3546 333991 16816 16816 1.000 Power-driven handtool mfg 

3547 333516 4149 4149 1.000 Rolling mill machinery & equipment mfg 

3548 335311 0 26638 0.000 Power, distribution, & specialty transformer 

mfg 

3548 333992 22434 22505 0.997 Welding & soldering equipment mfg 

3549 333518 19023 19023 1.000 Other metalworking machinery mfg 

3552 333292 13600 13600 1.000 Textile machinery mfg 

3553 333210 9117 9117 1.000 Sawmill & woodworking machinery mfg 

3554 333291 18594 18594 1.000 Paper industry machinery mfg 

3555 333293 17500 21000 0.833 Printing machinery & equipment mfg 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -125 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

SIC NAICS 

SIC 

Employees 

1997 

NAICS 

Employees 

‘1997 

Employee 

Fraction NAICS description 

3556 333294 19026 19026 1.000 Food product machinery mfg 

3559 333319 2890 56910 0.051 Other commercial & service industry 

machinery mfg 

3559 333220 18574 18574 1.000 Plastics & rubber industry machinery mfg 

3559 333295 40087 40087 1.000 Semiconductor machinery mfg 

3559 333298 53046 53106 0.999 All other industrial machinery mfg 

3561 333911 36552 36552 1.000 Pump & pumping equipment mfg 

3562 332991 36991 36991 1.000 Ball & roller bearing mfg 

3563 333912 24821 24821 1.000 Air & gas compressor mfg 

3564 333411 16183 16183 1.000 Air purification equipment mfg 

3564 333412 13723 13723 1.000 Industrial & commercial fan & blower mfg 

3565 333993 31581 31581 1.000 Packaging machinery mfg 

3566 333612 16231 16231 1.000 Speed changer, industrial high-speed drive, & 

gear mfg 

3567 333994 17585 17585 1.000 Industrial process furnace & oven mfg 

3568 333613 21604 21604 1.000 Mechanical power transmission equipment 

mfg 

3569 333999 50088 61151 0.819 All other miscellaneous general-purpose 

machinery mfg 

3571 334111 100115 100115 1.000 Electronic computer mfg 

3572 334112 42364 42364 1.000 Computer storage device mfg 

3575 334113 5764 5764 1.000 Computer terminal mfg 

3577 334119 87253 93970 0.929 Other computer peripheral equipment mfg 

3578 333313 966 14831 0.065 Office machinery mfg 

3578 334119 6717 93970 0.071 Other computer peripheral equipment mfg 

3579 333313 13865 14831 0.935 Office machinery mfg 

3579 334518 750 6333 0.118 Watch, clock, & part mfg 

3579 339942 1234 7990 0.154 Lead pencil & art good mfg 

3581 333311 8178 8178 1.000 Automatic vending machine mfg 

3582 333312 4523 4523 1.000 Commercial laundry, drycleaning, & pressing 

machine mfg 

3585 333415 119456 119795 0.997 AC & warm air heating & 

commercial/industrial refrig equip mfg 

3585 336391 21522 21522 1.000 Motor vehicle air-conditioning mfg 

3586 333913 6824 6824 1.000 Measuring & dispensing pump mfg 

3589 333319 44172 56910 0.776 Other commercial & service industry 

machinery mfg 

3592 336311 17518 17518 1.000 Carburetor, piston, piston ring, & valve mfg 

3593 333995 23062 23062 1.000 Fluid power cylinder & actuator mfg 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -126 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

SIC NAICS 

SIC 

Employees 

1997 

NAICS 

Employees 

‘1997 

Employee 

Fraction NAICS description 

3594 333996 15482 15482 1.000 Fluid power pump & motor mfg 

3596 333997 4871 4871 1.000 Scale & balance (except laboratory) mfg 

3599 332710 290951 290951 1.000 Machine shops 

3599 332999 4199 79070 0.053 All other miscellaneous fabricated metal 

product mfg 

3599 333319 1335 56910 0.023 Other commercial & service industry 

machinery mfg 

3599 333999 11063 61151 0.181 All other miscellaneous general-purpose 

machinery mfg 

Part of Misc. & Electronic Degreasing and Part of Electrical Insulation Surface Coating 

3612 335311 26638 26638 1.000 Power, distribution, & specialty transformer 

mfg 

Part of Misc. & Electronic Degreasing 

3613 335313 41291 41291 1.000 Switchgear & switchboard apparatus mfg 

3621 335312 71112 74666 0.952 Motor & generator mfg 

3624 335991 10887 10887 1.000 Carbon & graphite product mfg 

3625 335314 68365 68365 1.000 Relay & industrial control mfg 

3629 335999 18682 44754 0.417 All other miscellaneous electrical equipment 

& component mfg 

Part of Misc. & Electronic Degreasing and Appliance Surface Coating 

3631 335221 17543 17543 1.000 Household cooking appliance mfg 

3632 335222 24597 24597 1.000 Household refrigerator & home freezer mfg 

3633 335224 14801 14801 1.000 Household laundry equipment mfg 

3634 333414 2171 24666 0.088 Heating equipment (except warm air furnaces) 

mfg 

3634 335211 17058 17058 1.000 Electric housewares & household fan mfg 

3635 335212 10537 10537 1.000 Household vacuum cleaner mfg 

3639 333298 60 53106 0.001 All other industrial machinery mfg 

3639 335212 0 10537 0.000 Household vacuum cleaner mfg 

3639 335228 13309 13309 1.000 Other major household appliance mfg 

Part of Misc. & Electronic Degreasing 

3641 335110 15903 15903 1.000 Electric lamp bulb & part mfg 

3643 335931 44907 44907 1.000 Current-carrying wiring device mfg 

3644 335932 23540 23540 1.000 Noncurrent-carrying wiring device mfg 

3645 335121 16395 17685 0.927 Residential electric lighting fixture mfg 

3646 335122 23090 23090 1.000 Commercial/industrial/institutional electric 

lighting fixture mfg 

3647 336321 16506 16506 1.000 Vehicular lighting equipment mfg 

3648 335129 18274 18282 1.000 Other lighting equipment mfg 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -127 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

SIC NAICS 

SIC 

Employees 

1997 

NAICS 

Employees 

‘1997 

Employee 

Fraction NAICS description 

3651 334310 31727 31727 1.000 Audio & video equipment mfg 

3652 334612 16598 25554 0.650 Prerecorded CD (except software), tape, & 

record reproducing 

3661 334210 104262 104262 1.000 Telephone apparatus mfg 

3661 334416 63 19431 0.003 Electronic coil, transformer, & other inductor 

mfg 

3661 334418 6083 111054 0.055 Printed circuit assembly (electronic assembly) 

mfg 

3663 334220 148156 164461 0.901 Radio & TV broadcasting & wireless 

communications equipment mfg 

3669 334290 25187 25187 1.000 Other communications equipment mfg 

3671 334411 21976 21976 1.000 Electron tube mfg 

3672 334412 76702 76702 1.000 Bare printed circuit board mfg 

3674 334413 199497 199497 1.000 Semiconductor & related device mfg 

3675 334414 18882 18882 1.000 Electronic capacitor mfg 

3676 334415 11964 11964 1.000 Electronic resistor mfg 

3677 334416 19178 19431 0.987 Electronic coil, transformer, & other inductor 

mfg 

3678 334417 37232 37232 1.000 Electronic connector mfg 

3679 336322 12786 95491 0.134 Other motor vehicle electrical & electronic 

equipment mfg 

3679 334220 16305 164461 0.099 Radio & TV broadcasting & wireless 

communications equipment mfg 

3679 334418 104971 111054 0.945 Printed circuit assembly (electronic assembly) 

mfg 

3679 334419 92200 92200 1.000 Other electronic component mfg 

3691 335911 23288 23288 1.000 Storage battery mfg 

3692 335912 8917 8917 1.000 Primary battery mfg 

3694 336322 52216 95491 0.547 Other motor vehicle electrical & electronic 

equipment mfg 

3695 334613 21345 21345 1.000 Magnetic & optical recording media mfg 

3699 333992 71 22505 0.003 Welding & soldering equipment mfg 

3699 335999 26072 44754 0.583 All other miscellaneous electrical equipment 

& component mfg 

3699 335129 8 18282 0.000 Other lighting equipment mfg 

3699 334519 29 33933 0.001 Other measuring & controlling device mfg 

3699 334516 159 38359 0.004 Analytical laboratory instrument mfg 

3699 334119 0 93970 0.000 Other computer peripheral equipment mfg 

3699 334510 542 54385 0.010 Electromedical & electrotherapeutic apparatus 

mfg 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -128 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

SIC NAICS 

SIC 

Employees 

1997 

NAICS 

Employees 

‘1997 

Employee 

Fraction NAICS description 

3699 339114 0 18072 0.000 Dental equipment & supplies mfg 

3699 333512 522 29371 0.018 Machine tool (metal cutting types) mfg 

3699 333319 8513 56910 0.150 Other commercial & service industry 

machinery mfg 

3699 333315 0 24707 0.000 Photographic & photocopying equipment mfg

3699 333314 56 20857 0.003 Optical instrument & lens mfg 

3699 333293 175 21000 0.008 Printing machinery & equipment mfg 

3699 333292 0 13600 0.000 Textile machinery mfg 

3699 332212 424 50388 0.008 Hand & edge tool mfg 

3699 334511 604 188161 0.003 Search, detection, navigation, & guidance 

instrument mfg 

3699 333618 10 56348 0.000 Other engine equipment mfg 

Part of Misc. Degreasing and New Automobile Surface Coating 

3711 336992 375 5788 0.065 Military armored vehicle, tank, & tank 

component mfg 

3711 336111 114060 114060 1.000 Automobile mfg 

3711 336112 94033 94033 1.000 Light truck & utility vehicle mfg 

3711 336120 28214 28214 1.000 Heavy duty truck mfg 

3711 336211 404 43384 0.009 Motor vehicle body mfg 

Part of Misc. Degreasing and Part of Other Transportation Equipment Surface Coating 

3713 336211 41779 43384 0.963 Motor vehicle body mfg 

3714 336312 81368 81368 1.000 Gasoline engine & engine parts mfg 

3714 336322 30489 95491 0.319 Other motor vehicle electrical & electronic 

equipment mfg 

3714 336330 48944 48944 1.000 Motor vehicle steering & suspension 

component (except spring) mfg 

3714 336340 43132 43132 1.000 Motor vehicle brake system mfg 

3714 336350 111954 111954 1.000 Motor vehicle transmission & power train 

parts mfg 

3714 336399 173569 174465 0.995 All other motor vehicle parts mfg 

3714 336211 1201 43384 0.028 Motor vehicle body mfg 

3715 336212 30678 30678 1.000 Truck trailer mfg 

3716 336213 18086 18086 1.000 Motor home mfg 

3721 336411 200961 200961 1.000 Aircraft mfg 

3724 336412 82557 82557 1.000 Aircraft engine & engine parts mfg 

3728 332912 0 37132 0.000 Fluid power valve & hose fitting mfg 

3728 336413 127729 127729 1.000 Other aircraft part & auxiliary equipment mfg

3728 333995 0 23062 0.000 Fluid power cylinder & actuator mfg 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -129 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

SIC NAICS 

SIC 

Employees 

1997 

NAICS 

Employees 

‘1997 

Employee 

Fraction NAICS description 

3728 333996 0 15482 0.000 Fluid power pump & motor mfg 

Part of Misc. Degreasing and Marine Surface Coating 

3731 336611 97385 97385 1.000 Ship building & repairing 

3732 336612 41422 41422 1.000 Boat building 

3732 811490 9454 65213 0.145 Other personal & household goods repair & 

maintenance 

Part of Misc. Degreasing and Part of Other Transportation Equipment Surface Coating 

3743 333911 0 36552 0.000 Pump & pumping equipment mfg 

3743 336510 31633 34012 0.930 Railroad rolling stock mfg 

3751 336991 17158 17218 0.997 Motorcycle, bicycle, & parts mfg 

3761 336414 52158 52158 1.000 Guided missile & space vehicle mfg 

3764 336415 18540 18540 1.000 Guided missile & space vehicle propulsion 

unit & parts mfg 

3769 336419 6110 6110 1.000 Other guided missile & space vehicle parts & 

auxiliary equip mfg 

3792 336214 20112 33352 0.603 Travel trailer & camper mfg 

3795 336992 5415 5788 0.936 Military armored vehicle, tank, & tank 

component mfg 

3799 336214 13240 33352 0.397 Travel trailer & camper mfg 

3799 336999 19466 19466 1.000 All other transportation equipment mfg 

3799 332212 60 50388 0.001 Hand & edge tool mfg 

Part of Misc. Degreasing 

3812 334511 187557 188161 0.997 Search, detection, navigation, & guidance 

instrument mfg 

3821 339111 18253 18253 1.000 Laboratory apparatus & furniture mfg 

3822 334512 21450 21450 1.000 Automatic environmental control mfg 

3823 334513 49196 49196 1.000 Industrial process control instrument mfg 

3824 334514 17390 17390 1.000 Totalizing fluid meter & counting device mfg

3825 334416 190 19431 0.010 Electronic coil, transformer, & other inductor 

mfg 

3825 334515 63332 63332 1.000 Electricity measuring & testing instrument 

mfg 

3826 334516 38200 38359 0.996 Analytical laboratory instrument mfg 

3827 333314 20801 20857 0.997 Optical instrument & lens mfg 

3829 339112 521 107819 0.005 Surgical & medical instrument mfg 

3829 334519 33904 33933 0.999 Other measuring & controlling device mfg 

3841 339112 107298 107819 0.995 Surgical & medical instrument mfg 

3842 322121 375 120176 0.003 Paper (except newsprint) mills 

3842 322291 2236 21791 0.103 Sanitary paper product mfg 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -130 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

SIC NAICS 

SIC 

Employees 

1997 

NAICS 

Employees 

‘1997 

Employee 

Fraction NAICS description 

3842 334510 6722 54385 0.124 Electromedical & electrotherapeutic apparatus 

mfg 

3842 339113 82390 85315 0.966 Surgical appliance & supplies mfg 

3843 339114 18072 18072 1.000 Dental equipment & supplies mfg 

3844 334517 14276 14276 1.000 Irradiation apparatus mfg 

3845 334510 47121 54385 0.866 Electromedical & electrotherapeutic apparatus 

mfg 

3851 339115 26366 26366 1.000 Ophthalmic goods mfg 

3861 325992 38935 38935 1.000 Photographic film, paper, plate, & chemical 

mfg 

3861 333315 24707 24707 1.000 Photographic & photocopying equipment mfg

3873 334518 5646 6333 0.892 Watch, clock, & part mfg 

3911 339911 34694 34773 0.998 Jewelry (except costume) mfg 

3914 332211 101 11230 0.009 Cutlery & flatware (except precious) mfg 

3914 339912 6356 6459 0.984 Silverware & plated ware mfg 

3915 339913 5396 5396 1.000 Jewelers' material & lapidary work mfg 

3931 339992 13411 13411 1.000 Musical instrument mfg 

3942 339931 3393 3393 1.000 Doll & stuffed toy mfg 

3944 336991 60 17218 0.003 Motorcycle, bicycle, & parts mfg 

3944 339932 29622 29622 1.000 Game, toy, & children's vehicle mfg 

3949 339920 69664 69664 1.000 Sporting & athletic goods mfg 

3951 339941 8394 8394 1.000 Pen & mechanical pencil mfg 

3952 339942 5815 7990 0.728 Lead pencil & art good mfg 

3952 337127 187 38218 0.005 Institutional furniture mfg 

3952 325998 0 35915 0.000 All other miscellaneous chemical product & 

preparation mfg 

3953 339943 7831 7831 1.000 Marking device mfg 

3955 339944 5923 5923 1.000 Carbon paper & inked ribbon mfg 

3961 339914 13976 14573 0.959 Costume jewelry & novelty mfg 

3965 339993 7500 7842 0.956 Fastener, button, needle, & pin mfg 

3991 339994 13882 16826 0.825 Broom, brush, & mop mfg 

3993 339950 82956 82956 1.000 Sign mfg 

3995 339995 6962 6962 1.000 Burial casket mfg 

3996 326192 5614 6070 0.925 Resilient floor covering mfg 

3999 323119 0 33016 0.000 Other commercial printing 

3999 337127 329 38218 0.009 Institutional furniture mfg 

3999 335121 1216 17685 0.069 Residential electric lighting fixture mfg 

 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -131 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

SIC NAICS 

SIC 

Employees 

1997 

NAICS 

Employees 

‘1997 

Employee 

Fraction NAICS description 

3999 332999 3231 79070 0.041 All other miscellaneous fabricated metal 

product mfg 

3999 332212 750 50388 0.015 Hand & edge tool mfg 

3999 326199 3141 526382 0.006 All other plastics product mfg 

3999 325998 572 35915 0.016 All other miscellaneous chemical product & 

preparation mfg 

3999 314999 2167 64480 0.034 All other miscellaneous textile product mills 

3999 323113 0 72221 0.000 Commercial screen printing 

3999 339999 60397 74137 0.815 All other miscellaneous mfg 

3999 316110 329 15317 0.021 Leather & hide tanning & finishing 

3999 321999 0 43839 0.000 All other miscellaneous wood product mfg 

3999 322299 0 24302 0.000 All other converted paper product mfg 

3999 323110 0 415117 0.000 Commercial lithographic printing 

3999 323111 0 23260 0.000 Commercial gravure printing 

3999 323112 0 30588 0.000 Commercial flexographic printing 

Part of Misc. Open Top Degreasing & Auto Repair Cold Cleaning 

4173 488490 220 7480 0.029 Other support activities for road transportation

4231 488490 120 7480 0.016 Other support activities for road transportation

5511 441110 1046243 1046243 1.000 New car dealers 

5521 441120 92752 92752 1.000 Used car dealers 

5541 447190 69640 308105 0.226 Other gasoline stations 

5541 447110 432935 613957 0.705 Gasoline stations with convenience stores 

5541 447190 238465 308105 0.774 Other gasoline stations 

5551 441222 35134 35134 1.000 Boat dealers 

5561 441210 29463 29463 1.000 Recreational vehicle dealers 

7532 811121 192853 205172 0.940 Automotive body, paint, & interior repair & 

maintenance 

7532 811121 6507 205172 0.032 Automotive body, paint, & interior repair & 

maintenance 

7532 811121 5812 205172 0.028 Automotive body, paint, & interior repair & 

maintenance 

7533 811112 23015 23015 1.000 Automotive exhaust system repair 

7534 811198 2991 14780 0.202 All other automotive repair & maintenance 

7534 326212 7939 7939 1.000 Tire retreading 

7536 811122 29187 29187 1.000 Automotive glass replacement shops 

7537 811113 29442 29442 1.000 Automotive transmission repair 

7538 811111 290634 290634 1.000 General automotive repair 

 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2b -132 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

SIC NAICS 

SIC 

Employees 

1997 

NAICS 

Employees 

‘1997 

Employee 

Fraction NAICS description 

7539 811118 3954 42234 0.094 Other automotive mechanical & electrical 

repair & maintenance 

7539 811118 4802 42234 0.114 Other automotive mechanical & electrical 

repair & maintenance 

7539 811118 18216 42234 0.431 Other automotive mechanical & electrical 

repair & maintenance 

7539 811118 6890 42234 0.163 Other automotive mechanical & electrical 

repair & maintenance 

7539 811118 8372 42234 0.198 Other automotive mechanical & electrical 

repair & maintenance 

Dry Cleaning 

7215 812310 53023 53023 1.000 Dry cleaning, coin operated 

7216 812320 166208 203777 0.816 Dry cleaning, commercial 
Appendix D.2c 

On-Road Mobile Source 

Emissions Inventory Documentation 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2c - 1 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2c - 2 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

TABLE OF CONTENTS 

1. INTRODUCTION AND SCOPE ...................................................................................................3 

2. OVERALL METHODOLOGY......................................................................................................3 

2.1 SOURCE CATEGORY......................................................................................................3 

2.2 EMISSION ESTIMATION APPROACH..........................................................................3 

3. QUALITY ASSURANCE MEASURES........................................................................................4 

4. DISCUSSION OF MOBILE SOURCE CATEGORIES................................................................5 

4.1 MOBILE6.2 Input Assumptions.........................................................................................5 

4.1.1 Speed Assumptions.........................................................................................................5 

4.1.2 Vehicle Age Distribution ................................................................................................7

4.1.3 Vehicle Mix Assumptions...............................................................................................8 

4.1.4 Temperature, Relative Humidity and Barometric Pressure Assumptions ....................15 

4.1.5 Vehicle Inspection and Maintenance Program Assumptions .......................................15 

4.1.6 Reid Vapor Pressure Assumptions................................................................................15 

4.2 VMT Assumptions............................................................................................................16 

LIST OF TABLES

Table 4.1-1. Speeds used for NC’s 2002 On-road Mobile Emissions Iventory ................................6 

Table 4.1-2. Speeds used for NC’s 2018 On-road Mobile Emissions Iventory ................................7 

Table 4.1-3. Percentage of Vehicles Per Vehicle Type by Functional Road Class in NC ................9 

Table 4.1-4. Calculation of New 2000 Statewide Rural Interstate Vehicle Mix .............................12 

Table 4.1-5. Calculation of 2002 NC Statewide Rural Interstate Vehicle Mix ................................14 

Table 4.2-1. North Carolina 2002 Daily Vehicle Miles Traveled by County..................................16 

Table 4.2-2. North Carolina 2018 Daily Vehicle Miles Traveled by County..................................19 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2c - 3 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

1. INTRODUCTION AND SCOPE 

The regional haze modeling was performed by the Southeast Regional Planning Organization, 

Visibility Improvement State and Tribal Association of the Southeast (VISTAS), which is run by 

the ten Southeast states (Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Mississippi, North Carolina, 

South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia and West Virginia) and the local programs and tribal 

agencies located within these states. The regional haze modeling uses an annual simulation, 

therefore the emission estimates for all pollutants of concern for regional haze were developed 

for an annual modeling run. 

On-road mobile source emissions are very small contributors to visibility degradation in Class I 

areas in the VISTAS region. Despite playing a small role in visibility impairment, on-road 

mobile emissions were generated following the same guidelines and methods as those applied to 

support ozone and fine particulate attainment demonstrations. 

2. OVERALL METHODOLOGY 

2.1 SOURCE CATEGORY 

On-road mobile sources were estimated using the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency 

(USEPA) highway mobile model MOBILE6.2. 

2.2 EMISSION ESTIMATION APPROACH 

Mobile source emissions are estimated by the methodologies suggested in the USEPA’s 

document Emissions Inventory Guidance for Implementation of Ozone and Particulate Matter 

National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) and Regional Haze Regulations. The 

estimation of emissions from on-road mobile sources, like area sources, involves multiplying an 

activity level (e.g. vehicle miles traveled (VMT) by vehicle type and road type) by an emission 

factor (grams/mile for a given vehicle type and road type). 

The MOBILE6 module of SMOKE was used to develop the on-road mobile source emissions 

estimates for carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NOx), ammonia (NH3), fine particulate 

matter (PM2.5), sulfur dioxide (SO2), and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emissions. The 

MOBILE6 parameters, vehicle fleet descriptions, and VMT estimates were combined with 

gridded, episode-specific temperature data to calculate the gridded, temporalized emission 

estimates. Of note, whereas the on-network emissions estimates are spatially allocated based on 

link location and subsequently summed to the grid cell level, the off-network emissions estimates 

are spatially allocated based on a combination of the FHWA Version 2.0 highway networks and 

population. For the VISTAS 36/12 km modeling, no link based data was used. The MOBILE6 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2c - 4 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

emissions factors are based on episode-specific temperatures predicted by the meteorological 

model (MM5). Further, the MOBILE6 emissions factors model accounts for the following: 

• Hourly and daily minimum/maximum temperatures, relative humidity and barometric 

pressure; 

• Facility speeds; 

• Locale-specific inspection/maintenance (I/M) control programs, if any; 

• Adjustments for running losses; 

• Splitting of evaporative and exhaust emissions into separate source categories; 

• VMT, fleet turnover, and changes in fuel composition and Reid vapor pressure 

(RVP). 

3. QUALITY ASSURANCE MEASURES 

The Quality Assurance (QA) of the data is one of the most important steps in performing an air 

quality modeling study. Because emissions inventory development is tedious, time consuming 

and involves complex manipulation of many different types of large data sets, errors are 

frequently made and, if rigorous QA measures are not in place, these errors may remain 

undetected. For the on-road mobile source category, QA can be broken into two components: 1) 

input files/data, and 2) SMOKE outputs/summaries. On-road mobile input data QA is 

summarized below. SMOKE output QA is summarized in Appendix D.4a of this document for 

all source categories. 

On-road mobile input data was collected from the North Carolina Department of Transportation 

(NCDOT) and specific Metropolitan Planning Organizations (MPOs) throughout North Carolina. 

The North Carolina Division of Air Quality (NCDAQ) checked the speed information for 

reasonableness against previous sets of speeds for that specific area. Additionally, the following 

data elements are checked for accuracy in the input files prior to use in the modeling: pollutants, 

fuel RVP, inspection and maintenance program settings, anti-tampering program settings, 

calendar year, evaluation month. All input files are printed and checked by hand against a “key” 

with the original source of the information. This QA step is always performed by a person other 

than the one who generated the files. If any discrepancies are found, they are marked on the hard 

copy and supplied by to the person who generated the input files for correction. Vehicle age 

distribution is another input referenced in the actual MOBILE6.2 input file. This file is checked 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2c - 5 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

against the original spreadsheet from which it is generated. Again, if any discrepancies are 

found, they are noted and returned to the person responsible for generating those files. VMT and 

vehicle mix (also referred to as VMT mix) are additional data elements that are checked after 

they are formatted for SMOKE. This file is checked against the original source of the VMT and 

VMT mix data. 

4. DISCUSSION OF MOBILE SOURCE CATEGORIES 

On-road mobile sources are considered those vehicles that travel on the roadways. Motor 

vehicles emit CO, NH3, NOx, PM2.5, SO2, and VOCs and the emissions from motor vehicles 

occur throughout the day while the vehicle is in motion, at idle, parked, and during refueling. 

All of these emissions processes need to be estimated in order to properly reflect the total 

emissions from this source category. In its simplest terms, emissions from highway mobile 

sources are calculated by multiplying an activity level, in this case VMT as provided by the 

NCDOT and MPOs, by an emission factor. 

The USEPA developed the MOBILE model to estimate emission factors based on information 

on the way vehicles are driven in a particular area. The newest version of the MOBILE model 

(MOBILE6.2) was used. This model was released by the USEPA in draft form in 2002 and in 

final form in 2003. Key inputs for MOBILE6.2 include information on the age of vehicles on 

the roads, the average speed of those vehicles, what types of roads those vehicles are traveling 

on, any control technologies in place in an area to reduce emissions for motor vehicles (e.g., 

emissions inspection programs), and ambient temperature. 

A very important component of the on-road mobile emission estimation process is interagency 

consultation. The primary transporation partners involved in the regional haze modeling 

included: USEPA, NCDOT, Federal Highway Administration, Capital Area MPO, DurhamChapel Hill-Carrboro MPO, Gaston Urban Area MPO, Mecklenburg Union MPO, Cabarrus 

Rowan MPO, Greensboro Urban Area MPO, and the Burlington-Graham MPO. Specifically the 

NCDOT and MPOs were consulted for input data such as speeds and VMT for the rural counties 

where travel demand model data sets were not available. 

4.1 MOBILE6.2 Input Assumptions 

4.1.1 Speed Assumptions 

Emissions from motor vehicles vary with the manner in which the vehicle is operated. Vehicles 

traveling at 65 miles per hour (mph) emit a very different mix of pollutants than the car that is 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2c - 6 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

idling at a stoplight. In order to estimate emissions from vehicles for a typical day, NCDOT and 

the MPOs provided speeds for their respective counties. 

The speeds for several urban counties covered by the MPOs were generated from their latest 

travel demand models and are differenciated into the morning rush hours (AM), the evening rush 

hours (PM) and off-peak (OP) speeds. The NCDOT recommended using Wake County off-peak 

speeds for all remaining counties in North Carolina. 

Table 4.1-1 and 4.1-2 provide a summary of the 2002 and 2018 speeds, respectively. The 

column headings in these tables represent the road types used in the modeling. 

Table 4.1-1. Speeds used for NC’s 2002 On-road Mobile Emissions Iventory 

rural 

interstate

other 

principal 

arterial

rural 

minor 

arterial

major 

collector

minor 

collector rural local

urban 

Interstate

urban 

freeway

other 

principal 

arterial

minor 

arterial collector

urban 

local

Wake County 110 130 150 170 190 210 230 250 270 290 310 330

AM 64 56 45 44 43 43 52 55 36 37 35 36

PM 62 56 45 44 43 43 53 57 36 37 35 37

OP 66 57 50 46 44 44 60 60 42 42 37 38

Durham County

AM 66 55 50 48 50 41 48 50 35 33 38 34

PM 65 54 51 48 50 42 49 48 36 34 38 34

OP 66 55 52 49 50 43 63 57 42 37 39 34

Chatham County

AM - 52 43 48 44 46 - - - - - -

PM - 51 42 48 44 46 - - - - - -

OP - 53 43 48 43 46 - - - - - -

Franklin County

AM - 54 55 43 48 44 - - - - - -

PM - 53 54 42 48 44 - - - - - -

OP - 55 55 43 48 44 - - - - - -

Johnston County

AM 64 43 43 43 42 42 62 - 28 31 31 29

PM 64 43 43 43 42 42 62 - 28 31 31 29

OP 64 43 43 43 42 42 62 - 28 31 31 29

Orange County

AM 64 - 50 43 42 44 63 21 34 32 27 24

PM 64 - 50 43 42 44 63 25 36 32 28 25

OP 64 - 51 44 42 45 65 40 38 33 29 26

Iredell County 62 68 29 37 34 30 62 - 30 32 30 30

Mecklenburg County - 33 28 51 37 30 43 43 26 26 25 30

Cabarrus County - 43 46 42 38 30 44 - 30 31 33 30

Gaston County 30 72 41 44 44 30 49 65 28 32 27 30

Lincoln County - 65 37 52 48 30 - - 44 22 24 30

Rowan County - 42 53 53 52 30 58 - 40 40 35 30

Union County - 45 49 46 46 30 - 35 34 35 38 30

Guilford County 55 53 42 44 44 31 45 50 28 31 32 23

Forsyth County 55 55 44 41 40 33 55 51 32 21 27 21

Davidson County 62 52 40 43 43 37 60 55 30 32 34 22

Davie County 66 53 43 38 41 44 - - - - - -

Rest of NC Counties 66 57 50 46 44 44 60 60 42 42 37 38
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2c - 7 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

Table 4.1-2. Speeds used for NC’s 2018 On-road Mobile Emissions Iventory 

4.1.2 Vehicle Age Distribution 

The vehicle age distribution comes from annual registration data for North Carolina from the 

NCDOT. For this analysis the age distribution was generated based on 2004 data, the latest 

available count data. The NCDOT provided the data based on the number of vehicle types per 

year from 1974 through 2004. Vehicles greater than 25 years old were combined and included 

as the 25th model year. The vehicle count information is provided for nine vehicle types; light 

duty gas vehicles (LDGV), light duty diesel vehicles (LDDV), light duty gas trucks 1 (LDGT1), 

light duty gas trucks 2 (LDGT2), light duty diesel trucks 1 (LDDT1), light duty diesel trucks 2 

(LDDT2), heavy duty gas vehicles (HDGV), heavy duty diesel vehicles (HDDV) and 

motorcycles (MC). LDDT1 and LDDT2 are combined and labeled as light duty diesel trucks 

(LDDT). 

This vehicle distribution corresponds to the old MOBILE5 format and does not correlate to the 

USEPA MOBILE6.2 model vehicle types. In order to convert the data provided by the NCDOT 

into the MOBILE6.2 model format, the NCDAQ used a utility developed by the USEPA that 

disaggregates the 8 MOBILE5 model vehicle types into the 16 MOBILE6.2 vehicle types. 

rural 

interstate

other 

principal 

arterial

rural 

minor 

arterial

major 

collector

minor 

collector rural local

urban 

Interstate

urban 

freeway

other 

principal 

arterial

minor 

arterial collector

urban 

local

Wake County 110 130 150 170 190 210 230 250 270 290 310 330

AM 60 55 44 44 41 43 50 55 34 38 34 36

PM 56 55 44 43 40 43 50 56 35 38 34 36

OP 66 59 49 45 44 44 61 62 41 42 37 38

Durham County

AM 64 55 46 46 45 41 52 48 32 34 36 33

PM 62 54 48 47 46 41 52 48 35 35 37 34

OP 66 55 52 47 45 43 64 58 42 38 39 35

Chatham County

AM - 53 43 47 45 46 - - - - - 30

PM - 52 43 48 45 46 - - - - - 30

OP - 53 43 48 44 46 - - - - - 30

Franklin County

AM - 52 52 43 48 43 - - - - - -

PM - 50 52 41 48 42 - - - - - -

OP - 55 55 42 48 43 - - - - - -

Johnston County

AM 65 43 43 43 42 42 62 - 28 31 31 30

PM 65 43 43 43 42 42 62 - 28 31 31 30

OP 65 43 43 43 42 42 62 - 28 31 31 30

Orange County

AM 63 - 50 43 42 44 60 22 33 32 26 24

PM 63 - 50 43 42 44 61 29 35 33 27 25

OP 65 - 51 44 42 45 66 40 37 35 29 26

Mecklenburg County - 22 18 32 26 30 41 49 25 26 24 30

Cabarrus County - 46 41 38 34 30 35 - 28 29 30 30

Gaston County 42 66 36 43 41 30 44 66 26 29 26 30

Lincoln County - 59 37 51 45 30 0 - 41 23 22 30

Rowan County - 45 49 50 50 30 57 - 38 39 36 30

Union County - 46 43 45 44 30 - 36 33 32 36 30

Stanly County - 39 39 45 47 15 - - 31 31 30 15

Cleveland County 45 33 34 42 41 15 30 31 22 29 23 15

Iredell County 57 66 26 32 30 30 60 0 27 26 28 30

Guilford County 55 53 41 43 45 44 52 53 29 32 33 33

Forsyth County 55 55 44 41 40 39 55 52 30 31 31 26

Davidson County 62 51 39 43 42 38 60 55 29 31 34 22

Davie County 66 53 43 38 41 44 - - - - - -

Rest of NC 66 59 49 45 44 44 61 62 41 42 37 38
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2c - 8 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

The count data provided by the NCDOT is converted to fractions by dividing each count per 

vehicle type per year by the total number of vehicles in that classification for all years. For 

example, the number of 2004 light duty vehicles divided by the total number of light duty 

vehicles for all years. The fractions are arranged into MOBILE5 format for conversion to the 16 

vehicle types required by the MOBILE6.2 model using the USEPA conversion utility. 

4.1.3 Vehicle Mix Assumptions 

The vehicle mix refers to the percentage of different vehicle types on each of the 12 FHWA road 

types. It is critical for estimating mobile emissions in an area to use data that accurately reflects 

the vehicles types traveling on each of these different road types. 

Historically, the North Carolina statewide vehicle mix was created using spreadsheets that were 

developed in the mid-1990s. In August 2004, the USEPA released the guidance document 

EPA420-R-04-013, Technical Guidance on the Use of MOBILE6.2 for Emission Inventory 

Preparation. The NCDAQ created a new statewide mix based on this methodology. Outlined 

below is the methodology used to convert the 13 Highway Performance Monitoring System 

(HPMS) vehicle types count data reported to FHWA and generate a state specific vehicle mix. 

The North Carolina HPMS data that was used to generate the new statewide vehicle mix was 

based on 1999 through 2001 data counts. This was the latest available statewide count 

information at the time of the emissions modeling. Table 4.1-3 shows the percent of vehicles per 

vehicle type for each of the 12 road classes. 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2c - 9 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 Table 4.1-3. Percentage of Vehicles Per Vehicle Type by Functional Road Class in NC 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2c - 10 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

Disaggregating State Specific Information

Section 4.1.5 of Technical Guidance on the Use of MOBILE6.2 for Emission Inventory 

Preparation, illustrates how to map the HPMS statewide vehicle data to general vehicle 

categories. This mapping is outlined below: 

HPMS Category General Category 

Motorcycle Motorcycle (MC) 

Passenger Car Passenger Car (LDV) 

Other 2-Axel, 4-Tire Vehicles Light Truck (LDT) 

Busses Bus (HDB) 

All Other Trucks: 

 Single unit, 2-axel, 6-tire 

 Single unit, 3-axel 

 Single unit, 4 or more axel 

 Single trailer, 4 or fewer axel 

 Single trailer, 5-axel 

 Single trailer, 6 or more axel 

 Multi-trailer, 5 or fewer axel 

 Multi-trailer, 6-axel 

 Multi-trailer, 7 or more axel 

Heavy Duty Truck (HDV) 

The HPMS data in Table 4.1-3 was grouped into these five general categories for each road type. 

In order to expand the five general categories to the 16 vehicle types used in MOBILE6.2, the 

national average VMT fractions by each vehicle class were used. The 2000 fractions were used 

since the state specific data is from 1999 through 2001. The national average data was obtained 

from Table 4.1.2 in Technical Guidance on the Use of MOBILE6.2 for Emission Inventory 

Preparation. An example for rural interstates is illustrated below: 

From Table 4.1-3 above: 

 Passenger Cars = 56.93% 5 axel Trailer = 19.23% 

 Pickup Trucks = 10.80% 6 axel Trailer = 0.48% 

 Bus = 1.06% 5 axel Multi Trailer = 0.73% 

 2 axel Trucks = 2.50% 6 axel Multi Trailer = 0.24% 

 3 axel Trucks = 1.56% 7 axel Multi Trailer = 0.11% 

 4 axel Trucks = 1.09% Motorcycles = 0.49% 

 4 axel Trailer = 4.79% 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2c - 11 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

Therefore, the five general categories are: 

Motorcycles = 0.49% 

Light Duty Vehicles = 56.93% 

Light Duty Trucks = 10.80% 

Heavy Duty Buses = 1.06% 

Heavy Duty Vehicles = 30.73% 

From Table 4.1.2 in Technical Guidance on the Use of MOBILE6.2 for Emission Inventory 

Preparation, the 2000 national average vehicle mix for light duty trucks, buses and heavy duty 

trucks are: 

 Light Duty Trucks Heavy Duty Trucks 

 

LDT1 = 0.0655 

LDT2 = 0.2179 

LDT3 = 0.0672 

LDT4 = 0.0309 

Total = 0.3815 

 Buses 

Using the methodology described in Section 4.1.5 in Technical Guidance on the Use of 

MOBILE6.2 for Emission Inventory Preparation the new 2000 North Carolina statewide mix 

was developed. The basic formula for developing the mix is shown below, 

 Vehicle Type = (2000 M6.2 fraction for vehicle) X (99-01 State total for group) . 

 (2000 M6.2 total for subcategory) 

Table 4.1-4 displays the calculation for each vehicle type for the 2000 rural interstate vehicle 

mix. 

HDV2B = 0.0380 

HDV3 = 0.0038 

HDV4 = 0.0029 

HDV5 = 0.0022 

HDV6 = 0.0082 

HDV7 = 0.0098 

HDV8A = 0.0108 

HDV8B = 0.0386 

Total = 0.1143 HDBS = 0.0019 

HDBT = 0.0009 

Total = 0.0028 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2c - 12 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

Table 4.1-4. Calculation of New 2000 Statewide Rural Interstate Vehicle Mix 

Vehicle 

Type Calculation New 2000 Mix 

Light Duty Vehicles 

LDV = LDV = 0.5693 

MC = MC = 0.0049 

Light Duty Trucks 

LDT1 = 0.0655 x (0.1080/0.3815) = 0.0185 

LDT2 = 0.2179 x (0.1080/0.3815) = 0.0617 

LDT3 = 0.0672 x (0.1080/0.3815) = 0.0190 

LDT4 = 0.0309 x (0.1080/0.3815) = 0.0087 

Total Light Duty Vehicles 0.6822 

Heavy Duty Vehicles 

HDV2B = 0.0380 x (0.3073/0.1143) = 0.1022 

HDV3 = 0.0038 x (0.3073/0.1143) = 0.0102 

HDV4 = 0.0029 x (0.3073/0.1143) = 0.0078 

HDV5 = 0.0022 x (0.3073/0.1143) = 0.0059 

HDV6 = 0.0082 x (0.3073/0.1143) = 0.0220 

HDV7 = 0.0098 x (0.3073/0.1143) = 0.0263 

HDV8A = 0.0108 x (0.3073/0.1143) = 0.0290 

HDV8B = 0.0386 x (0.3073/0.1143) = 0.1038 

Buses 

HDBS = 0.0019 x (0.0106/0.0028) = 0.0072 

HDBT = 0.0009 x (0.0106/0.0028) = 0.0034 

Total Heavy Duty Vehicles 0.3178 

2002 NC Statewide Vehicle Mix 

Once the 2000 vehicle mix was generated, the other years were created using the methodology 

described in Section 4.1.4 in Technical Guidance on the Use of MOBILE6.2 for Emission 

Inventory Preparation. This method grouped light duty vehicles, light duty trucks and 

motorcycles together and heavy duty buses, heavy duty trucks and heavy duty vehicles together. 

The combined percentages for these groupings are listed below. 

 Light Duty Vehicles = 68.22% 

 Heavy Duty Vehicles = 31.78% 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2c - 13 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

The MOBILE6.2 vehicle mix fractions for the year being developed were obtained from 

Table 4.1.2 in Technical Guidance on the Use of MOBILE6.2 for Emission Inventory 

Preparation. The MOBILE6.2 vehicle fractions for 2002 are listed below. 

 Light Duty Vehicles Heavy Duty Vehicles 

The North Carolina 2002 vehicle mix was normalized to the MOBILE6.2 fractions using the 

following formula: 

 Vehicle Type = (2002 M6 fraction for vehicle) X (2000 State total for group)

 (2002 M6 total for group) 

Table 4.1-5 below displays the calculations used to generate the 2002 North Carolina vehicle 

mix for rural interstate. 

HDV2B = 0.0382 

HDV3 = 0.0038 

HDV4 = 0.0030 

HDV5 = 0.0022 

HDV6 = 0.0084 

HDV7 = 0.0100 

HDV8A = 0.0109 

HDV8B = 0.0390 

HDBS = 0.0019 

HDBT = 0.0009 

Total = 0.1183 

LDV = 0.4646 

LDT1 = 0.0706 

LDT2 = 0.2349 

LDT3 = 0.0724 

LDT4 = 0.0333 

MC = 0.006 

Total = 0.8818 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2c - 14 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

Table 4.1-5. Calculation of 2002 NC Statewide Rural Interstate Vehicle Mix 

Vehicle 

Type Calculation 2002 State Mix 

Light Duty Vehicles 

LDV = 0.4646 x (0.6822/0.8818) = 0.3594 

LDT1 = 0.0706 x (0.6822/0.8818) = 0.0546 

LDT2 = 0.2349 x (0.6822/0.8818) = 0.1817 

LDT3 = 0.0724 x (0.6822/0.8818) = 0.0560 

LDT4 = 0.0333 x (0.6822/0.8818) = 0.0258 

MC = 0.006 x (0.6822/0.8818) 0.0046 

Heavy Duty Vehicles 

HDV2B = 0.0382 x (0.3178/0.1183) = 0.1026 

HDV3 = 0.0038 x (0.3178/0.1183) = 0.0102 

HDV4 = 0.0030 x (0.3178/0.1183) = 0.0081 

HDV5 = 0.0022 x (0.3178/0.1183) = 0.0059 

HDV6 = 0.0084 x (0.3178/0.1183) = 0.0226 

HDV7 = 0.0100 x (0.3178/0.1183) = 0.0269 

HDV8A = 0.0109 x (0.3178/0.1183) = 0.0293 

HDV8B = 0.0390 x (0.3178/0.1183) = 0.1048 

HDBS = 0.0019 x (0.3178/0.1183) = 0.0051 

HDBT = 0.0009 x (0.3178/0.1183) = 0.0024 

The North Carolina transportation partners recommended the use of the statewide vehicle mix 

for all counties in North Carolina with the exception of the North Carolina counties within the 

Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill, North Carolina-South Carolina 8-hour ozone nonattainment area. 

For these counties, local vehicle count data was used to develop the vehicle mix using the 

method explained above. Since there was not adequate local vehicle count data for the 

interstates and freeways, the statewide mix was used for these road types. 

The 2018 vehicle mix was developed in a similar manner as the 2002. Again, the statewide 

vehicle mix was used for all areas except the North Carolina counties within the CharlotteGastonia-Rock Hill 8-hour ozone nonattainment area, where local data was available. 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2c - 15 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

4.1.4 Temperature, Relative Humidity and Barometric Pressure Assumptions 

MOBILE6.2 emission factors used by the emissions preprocessor model SMOKE are 

significantly influenced by temperature and to a lesser extent, humidity. The most desirable 

approach from an accuracy standpoint is to model on-road mobile emissions using gridded, 

temporalized data from the meterological model. The VISTAS on-road mobile inventories were 

developed using this approach. 

4.1.5 Vehicle Inspection and Maintenance Program Assumptions 

In the early 1990’s, North Carolina adopted emissions inspection requirements for vehicles in 9 

urban counties. This program tested emissions at idle for 1975 and newer gasoline powered light 

duty vehicles. This “idle test” was assumed to have a compliance rate of 95 percent and covered 

Cabarrus, Durham, Forsyth, Gaston, Guilford, Mecklenburg, Orange, Union and Wake Counties. 

In addtion, the inspection stations are required to administer an anti-tampering check to ensure 

that emissions control equipment on any vehicle 35 years old and newer has not been altered. 

In 2002, North Carolina implemented a new vehicle emissions inspection program referred to as 

onboard diagnostics (OBDII). This program covers all light duty gasoline powered vehicles that 

are model year 1996 and newer. The program was initially implemented in the 9 counties that 

originally had the “idle test” and was expanded to include a total of 48 counties between 

July 2002 and January 2006. The idle test requirement remained in place in the original 9 

counties until the final phase-in in January 2006, at which time the idle test requirements were 

dropped and only the OBDII test was required for model year 1996 and newer. 

Since the OBDII program did not begin until midway through 2002, the 2002 annual on-road 

mobile inventory to support regional haze modeling was developed with an “idle test” in the 9 

counties listed above plus the anti-tampering in all counties. The 2018 annual on-road mobile 

inventory was developed with the OBDII program in 48 counties in North Carolina plus the antitampering in all counties. 

4.1.6 Reid Vapor Pressure Assumptions 

RVP is a measure of gasoline’s volatility. The following reflects the RVP settings used in the 

development of the North Carolina annual on-road mobile inventory to support regional haze 

modeling. An RVP of 7.8 pounds per square inch (psi) is required during May through 

September in Davidson, Durham, Forsyth, Gaston, Guilford, Mecklenburg, and Wake Counties, 

Dutchville Township in Granville County and part of Davie Conty bounded by the Yadkin River, 

Dutchmans Creek, NC Highway 801, Fulton Creek and back to the Yadkin River. The 

remainder of North Carolina must have an RVP of 9.0 psi during May through September. 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2c - 16 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

During the remainder of the year, statewide RVPs are 13.5 psi in October, November, February, 

March and April, and 15 psi in December and January. The RVP data is provided by the North 

Carolina Department of Agriculture who is responsible for testing fuels in North Carolina. 

4.2 VMT Assumptions 

In order to calculate emissions from on-road mobile sources, emission factors are developed as 

discussed throughout this document. The emission factors are then multiplied by an activity 

level, which for on-road mobile sources is VMT. 

For most counties in North Carolina, 2002 VMT was derived from the 2002 HPMS data 

provided by NCDOT. Where this travel demand model data was available, it was the 

recommendation of the North Carolina transportation partners to use it instead of the HPMS 

data. Therefore, as with the speed data, VMT from several urban counties’ travel demand 

models were used instead of HPMS VMT. 

For most counties in North Carolina, the 2018 VMT was grown based on a linear interpolation of 

the most recent 10 years (1995-2004) of HPMS data provided by NCDOT. Similar to the 2002 

VMT, where there is travel demand model data available, it was used instead of the grown 

HPMS data. 

In situations where certain North Carolina counties are partially covered by a travel demand 

model, and the North Carolina transportation partners anticipate future versions of the travel 

models to cover the entire county, an adjusted HPMS VMT number was used. This upward 

adjustment (30%) of the countywide HPMS VMT data is based on an analysis by the NCDAQ 

that shows that travel demand model VMT can be as much as 30% higher than the HPMS VMT. 

Table 4.2-1 and 4.2-2 below summarizes the 2002 and 2018 VMT, respectively, used in the 

development of the on-road mobile inventory to support regional haze modeling. 

Table 4.2-1. North Carolina 2002 Daily Vehicle Miles Traveled by County

County Name FIPS 2002 VMT Notes 

ALAMANCE 37001 4,638,621 HPMS * 1.3 

ALEXANDER 37003 642,180 HPMS 

ALLEGHANY 37005 244,990 HPMS 

ANSON 37007 854,800 HPMS 

ASHE 37009 674,530 HPMS 

AVERY 37011 540,780 HPMS 

BEAUFORT 37013 1,130,680 HPMS 

BERTIE 37015 746,030 HPMS 

BLADEN 37017 1,130,220 HPMS 

BRUNSWICK 37019 2,822,450 HPMS 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2c - 17 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

Table 4.2-1. North Carolina 2002 Daily Vehicle Miles Traveled by County

County Name FIPS 2002 VMT Notes 

BUNCOMBE 37021 5,966,490 HPMS 

BURKE 37023 3,396,042 HPMS * 1.3 

CABARRUS 37025 5,315,528 Provided by Charlotte Department of Transportation 

on 6/6/05 

CALDWELL 37027 2,368,938 HPMS * 1.3 

CAMDEN 37029 300,640 HPMS 

CARTERET 37031 1,735,210 HPMS 

CASWELL 37033 603,780 HPMS 

CATAWBA 37035 5,777,564 HPMS * 1.3 

CHATHAM 37037 2,202,928 HPMS * 1.3 

CHEROKEE 37039 715,940 HPMS 

CHOWAN 37041 319,640 HPMS 

CLAY 37043 250,380 HPMS 

CLEVELAND 37045 2,693,410 HPMS 

COLUMBUS 37047 1,745,100 HPMS 

CRAVEN 37049 2,799,090 HPMS 

CUMBERLAND 37051 9,901,749 HPMS * 1.3 

CURRITUCK 37053 902,070 HPMS 

DARE 37055 1,501,580 HPMS 

DAVIDSON 37057 4,952,266 Interpolated from 2000 and 2004 data used in NC's 1-hr 

ozone maintenance plan updates 

DAVIE 37059 1,364,370 HPMS 

DUPLIN 37061 1,818,440 HPMS 

DURHAM 37063 7,658,827 2002 VMT from information provided by NCDOT on 

7/30/04 

EDGECOMBE 37065 2,012,543 HPMS * 1.3 

FORSYTH 37067 10,040,729 Interpolated from 2000 and 2014 data provided by NCDOT 

on 7/28/04 

FRANKLIN 37069 1,663,415 HPMS * 1.3 

GASTON 37071 6,710,377 Provided by Charlotte Department of Transportation 

on 6/6/05 

GATES 37073 324,350 HPMS 

GRAHAM 37075 168,610 HPMS 

GRANVILLE 37077 2,319,707 HPMS * 1.3 

GREENE 37079 583,580 HPMS 

GUILFORD 37081 14,973,172 Interpolated from 2000 and 2004 data used in NC's 1-hr 

ozone maintenance plan updates 

HALIFAX 37083 1,841,180 HPMS 

HARNETT 37085 2,264,790 HPMS 

HAYWOOD 37087 2,270,040 HPMS 

HENDERSON 37089 2,243,200 HPMS 

HERTFORD 37091 557,140 HPMS 

HOKE 37093 773,290 HPMS 

HYDE 37095 157,850 HPMS 

IREDELL 37097 6,324,006 HPMS * 1.3 

JACKSON 37099 1,325,000 HPMS 

JOHNSTON 37101 6,376,981 HPMS * 1.3 

JONES 37103 518,830 HPMS 

LEE 37105 1,532,080 HPMS 

LENOIR 37107 1,680,360 HPMS 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2c - 18 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

Table 4.2-1. North Carolina 2002 Daily Vehicle Miles Traveled by County

County Name FIPS 2002 VMT Notes 

LINCOLN 37109 2,145,479 Provided by Charlotte Department of Transportation 

on 6/6/05 

MACON 37113 924,310 HPMS 

MADISON 37115 518,620 HPMS 

MARTIN 37117 900,970 HPMS 

MCDOWELL 37111 1,648,160 HPMS 

MECKLENBURG 37119 25,660,666 Provided by Charlotte Department of Transportation 

on 6/6/05 

MITCHELL 37121 369,310 HPMS 

MONTGOMERY 37123 1,023,200 HPMS 

MOORE 37125 2,042,430 HPMS 

NASH 37127 4,532,138 HPMS * 1.3 

NEW HANOVER 37129 3,317,520 HPMS 

NORTHAMPTON 37131 885,960 HPMS 

ONSLOW 37133 3,222,940 HPMS 

ORANGE 37135 4,745,208 HPMS * 1.3 

PAMLICO 37137 315,590 HPMS 

PASQUOTANK 37139 692,670 HPMS 

PENDER 37141 1,726,180 HPMS 

PERQUIMANS 37143 369,440 HPMS 

PERSON 37145 798,930 HPMS 

PITT 37147 3,005,670 HPMS 

POLK 37149 765,570 HPMS 

RANDOLPH 37151 4,861,324 HPMS * 1.3 

RICHMOND 37153 1,501,470 HPMS 

ROBESON 37155 4,256,650 HPMS 

ROCKINGHAM 37157 2,558,820 HPMS 

ROWAN 37159 4,870,192 Provided by Charlotte Department of Transportation 

on 6/6/05 

RUTHERFORD 37161 1,649,000 HPMS 

SAMPSON 37163 1,980,230 HPMS 

SCOTLAND 37165 1,119,800 HPMS 

STANLY 37167 1,480,430 HPMS 

STOKES 37169 995,800 HPMS 

SURRY 37171 2,562,850 HPMS 

SWAIN 37173 553,040 HPMS 

TRANSYLVANIA 37175 789,620 HPMS 

TYRRELL 37177 148,260 HPMS 

UNION 37179 3,974,587 Provided by Charlotte Department of Transportation 

on 6/6/05 

VANCE 37181 1,376,990 HPMS 

WAKE 37183 21,001,106 2002 VMT from information provided by NCDOT on 

7/30/04 

WARREN 37185 628,780 HPMS 

WASHINGTON 37187 418,360 HPMS 

WATAUGA 37189 1,073,710 HPMS 

WAYNE 37191 2,835,910 HPMS 

WILKES 37193 1,858,010 HPMS 

WILSON 37195 2,502,030 HPMS 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2c - 19 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

Table 4.2-1. North Carolina 2002 Daily Vehicle Miles Traveled by County

County Name FIPS 2002 VMT Notes 

YADKIN 37197 1,400,420 HPMS 

YANCEY 37199 413,670 HPMS 

NC TOTAL 270,798,512 

Table 4.2-2. North Carolina 2018 Daily Vehicle Miles Traveled by County

County Name FIPS 2018 VMT Notes 

ALAMANCE 37001 6,205,451 HPMS * 1.3 

ALEXANDER 37003 845,834 HPMS 

ALLEGHANY 37005 284,619 HPMS 

ANSON 37007 1,047,225 HPMS 

ASHE 37009 935,462 HPMS 

AVERY 37011 587,741 HPMS 

BEAUFORT 37013 1,198,250 HPMS 

BERTIE 37015 871,700 HPMS 

BLADEN 37017 1,375,754 HPMS 

BRUNSWICK 37019 4,743,177 HPMS 

BUNCOMBE 37021 7,857,944 HPMS 

BURKE 37023 4,167,597 HPMS * 1.3 

CABARRUS 37025 8,606,995 Grown from 2002 and 2009 VMT provided by CDOT 

on 2/18/05 

CALDWELL 37027 2,861,140 HPMS * 1.3 

CAMDEN 37029 385,176 HPMS 

CARTERET 37031 1,944,452 HPMS 

CASWELL 37033 775,464 HPMS 

CATAWBA 37035 8,115,935 HPMS * 1.3 

CHATHAM 37037 3,608,669 HPMS * 1.3 

CHEROKEE 37039 986,411 HPMS 

CHOWAN 37041 404,771 HPMS 

CLAY 37043 367,492 HPMS 

CLEVELAND 37045 4,660,835 HPMS * 1.3 

COLUMBUS 37047 2,646,141 HPMS 

CRAVEN 37049 4,634,527 HPMS 

CUMBERLAND 37051 12,679,082 HPMS * 1.3 

CURRITUCK 37053 1,954,709 HPMS 

DARE 37055 1,957,352 HPMS 

DAVIDSON 37057 7,099,694 Grown from 2012 and 2015 data used in NC's 1-hr ozone 

maintenance plan updates 

DAVIE 37059 1,753,768 HPMS 

DUPLIN 37061 2,542,655 HPMS 

DURHAM 37063 11,209,276 Interpolated from the 2010 and 2020 VMT used in the 2005 

8-hr ozone conformity exercise 

EDGECOMBE 37065 2,645,708 HPMS * 1.3 

FORSYTH 37067 13,677,739 Interpolated from 2014 and 2020 data provided by NCDOT 

on 2/23/05 

FRANKLIN 37069 2,853,518 HPMS * 1.5 

GASTON 37071 9,801,026 Interpolated from the 2010 and 2020 VMT used in the 2005 

8-hr ozone conformity exercise 

GATES 37073 365,022 HPMS 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2c - 20 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

Table 4.2-2. North Carolina 2018 Daily Vehicle Miles Traveled by County

County Name FIPS 2018 VMT Notes 

GRAHAM 37075 191,247 HPMS 

GRANVILLE 37077 2,941,985 HPMS * 1.3 

GREENE 37079 765,269 HPMS 

GUILFORD 37081 18,610,442 interpolated from the 2010 and 2020 VMT used in the 2005 

PM2.5 conformity exercise 

HALIFAX 37083 2,020,613 HPMS 

HARNETT 37085 2,897,788 HPMS 

HAYWOOD 37087 2,961,335 HPMS 

HENDERSON 37089 3,243,634 HPMS 

HERTFORD 37091 568,660 HPMS 

HOKE 37093 1,167,266 HPMS 

HYDE 37095 337,721 HPMS 

IREDELL 37097 9,050,427 HPMS * 1.4 

JACKSON 37099 1,905,768 HPMS 

JOHNSTON 37101 10,135,804 HPMS * 1.4 

JONES 37103 620,169 HPMS 

LEE 37105 2,204,636 HPMS 

LENOIR 37107 1,987,991 HPMS 

LINCOLN 37109 3,318,465 Grown from 2002 and 2009 VMT provided by CDOT 

on 2/18/05 

MACON 37113 1,281,167 HPMS 

MADISON 37115 737,680 HPMS 

MARTIN 37117 1,152,060 HPMS 

MCDOWELL 37111 2,121,414 HPMS 

MECKLENBURG 37119 39,238,484 Interpolated from the 2010 and 2020 VMT used in the 2005 

8-hr ozone conformity exercise 

MITCHELL 37121 457,934 HPMS 

MONTGOMERY 37123 1,362,345 HPMS 

MOORE 37125 2,758,880 HPMS 

NASH 37127 5,588,571 HPMS * 1.3 

NEW HANOVER 37129 4,851,069 HPMS 

NORTHAMPTON 37131 1,077,413 HPMS 

ONSLOW 37133 4,946,726 HPMS 

ORANGE 37135 6,813,307 HPMS * 1.3 

PAMLICO 37137 411,288 HPMS 

PASQUOTANK 37139 961,905 HPMS 

PENDER 37141 2,372,701 HPMS 

PERQUIMANS 37143 555,188 HPMS 

PERSON 37145 1,037,013 HPMS 

PITT 37147 3,877,084 HPMS 

POLK 37149 1,114,156 HPMS 

RANDOLPH 37151 6,545,913 HPMS * 1.3 

RICHMOND 37153 1,937,394 HPMS 

ROBESON 37155 5,135,468 HPMS 

ROCKINGHAM 37157 2,824,077 HPMS 

ROWAN 37159 6,835,566 Grown from 2002 and 2009 VMT provided by CDOT 

on 2/18/05 

RUTHERFORD 37161 2,060,298 HPMS 

SAMPSON 37163 2,483,742 HPMS 

SCOTLAND 37165 1,354,813 HPMS 

STANLY 37167 1,814,968 HPMS 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.2c - 21 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

Table 4.2-2. North Carolina 2018 Daily Vehicle Miles Traveled by County

County Name FIPS 2018 VMT Notes 

STOKES 37169 1,302,316 HPMS 

SURRY 37171 2,969,519 HPMS 

SWAIN 37173 615,707 HPMS 

TRANSYLVANIA 37175 1,042,179 HPMS 

TYRRELL 37177 250,223 HPMS 

UNION 37179 5,961,762 Grown from 2002 and 2009 VMT provided by CDOT 

on 2/18/05 

VANCE 37181 1,857,697 HPMS 

WAKE 37183 34,936,724 Interpolated from the 2010 and 2020 VMT used in the 2005 

8-hr ozone conformity exercise 

WARREN 37185 861,911 HPMS 

WASHINGTON 37187 483,359 HPMS 

WATAUGA 37189 1,160,296 HPMS 

WAYNE 37191 4,024,978 HPMS 

WILKES 37193 2,286,565 HPMS 

WILSON 37195 3,093,448 HPMS 

YADKIN 37197 1,776,643 HPMS 

YANCEY 37199 450,324 HPMS 

NC TOTAL 380,369,806 
Appendix D.3 

Emissions Inventory Summaries 
Table 1. Typical 2002 BaseG2 Annual Emission Summary for North Carolina Counties (tons)

Point Non-road Area Mobile County 

VOC NOx SO2 PM-10 PM-2.5 NH3 VOC NOx SO2 PM-10 PM-2.5 NH3 VOC NOx SO2 PM-10 PM-2.5 NH3 VOC NOx SO2 PM-10 PM-2.5 NH3 

Alamance Co 327.2 154.5 23.9 70.0 51.3 6.9 1017.5 1038.1 77.2 76.8 73.1 0.9 3516.5 612.6 75.6 3358.9 898.3 537.2 4687.2 6080.4 210.8 116.4 82.6 165.0

Alexander Co 348.1 6.0 4.0 40.6 26.2 0.0 287.2 234.5 17.4 20.1 19.2 0.2 1761.9 173.1 23.5 1454.9 429.4 1772.5 671.5 657.1 28.2 15.0 10.5 23.2 

Alleghany Co 5.3 0.1 0.3 0.6 0.2 0.0 71.4 88.0 8.8 8.8 8.5 0.1 889.0 90.1 13.0 970.6 319.7 337.1 261.2 247.6 10.7 5.7 3.9 8.9 

Anson Co 60.2 72.2 172.1 46.7 38.3 0.6 147.0 526.9 36.8 22.0 20.5 0.1 912.2 110.4 20.3 1216.8 355.2 2475.2 878.9 1024.8 39.4 21.9 15.6 30.5 

Ashe Co 5.1 13.0 22.0 14.4 9.3 0.0 170.6 165.8 16.8 17.3 16.6 0.2 1990.9 203.6 31.1 1729.5 655.3 216.5 721.7 666.0 29.2 15.3 10.6 24.5 

Avery Co 27.5 5.1 12.2 1.3 0.8 0.0 295.2 143.3 15.7 19.7 18.7 0.2 1061.6 159.4 43.7 963.6 340.0 83.5 551.2 602.9 24.3 13.2 9.3 19.4 

Beaufort Co 99.9 625.8 4813.7 667.7 406.5 536.7 1675.6 959.3 84.7 89.9 85.1 0.7 1951.9 263.2 29.2 2892.8 809.2 1183.4 1186.1 1133.1 48.5 25.4 17.5 41.0 

Bertie Co 216.2 86.6 268.4 28.9 19.5 6.8 449.1 270.3 28.5 31.3 30.0 0.3 1529.6 125.5 22.6 1952.3 559.6 1680.3 769.9 832.2 33.6 18.3 12.9 26.7 

Bladen Co 190.4 276.3 1079.9 62.9 40.2 0.4 348.9 477.4 37.1 33.4 31.8 0.3 1641.1 212.0 41.2 2937.7 910.4 8799.5 1177.5 1136.4 49.3 26.1 18.1 40.9 

Brunswick Co 1288.1 2391.5 5609.9 195.6 113.1 2.3 1196.9 1166.1 133.8 98.3 93.3 0.8 2164.0 397.3 51.6 2461.4 814.3 1074.3 2901.1 3240.2 126.9 69.2 48.7 101.2

Buncombe Co 403.5 5329.3 17031.5 528.7 263.0 2.8 1703.0 1643.2 137.5 138.4 131.9 1.3 7090.2 1324.7 235.0 6391.7 2059.8 318.4 5879.0 8438.3 278.4 157.2 112.7 210.6

Burke Co 737.6 117.3 242.3 192.4 174.8 1.1 427.7 594.3 36.9 32.2 30.7 0.5 3159.8 393.9 70.5 2752.0 881.5 373.1 3423.5 5156.2 166.6 97.5 71.2 118.4

Cabarrus Co 782.9 915.8 2081.4 79.2 50.5 10.1 864.3 1550.6 126.9 102.9 97.9 0.9 3243.1 546.0 57.0 3953.4 1030.9 520.1 7353.7 5681.1 233.2 123.8 85.9 190.4

Caldwell Co 4105.7 410.3 37.8 220.9 156.0 0.0 510.1 551.5 34.3 35.5 34.0 0.6 3340.7 385.3 56.9 2772.3 998.1 326.1 2537.0 2382.8 101.5 53.0 36.5 85.8 Camden Co 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 610.8 201.0 22.3 27.4 26.1 0.2 306.8 45.0 7.3 1680.8 400.1 192.2 302.4 337.4 13.5 7.4 5.2 10.8 

Carteret Co 97.8 38.9 182.3 38.6 6.8 0.0 5692.3 2618.0 346.0 216.5 201.2 1.7 1982.2 541.5 99.0 3071.0 1368.8 182.1 1738.0 1908.7 77.1 41.6 29.2 62.3 

Caswell Co 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 94.0 217.1 17.4 12.4 11.7 0.1 1536.8 132.0 18.9 1550.7 486.3 174.8 625.7 669.0 27.1 14.7 10.4 21.7 

Catawba Co 4083.7 19269.6 82371.7 5011.3 4238.9 5.0 1107.3 1619.7 99.7 90.4 86.5 1.4 5053.2 770.4 91.5 4516.2 1191.5 477.5 6040.4 7049.9 259.8 142.0 100.1 206.4

Chatham Co 726.7 3305.0 11871.7 1246.4 677.0 0.4 519.2 580.7 55.2 50.9 48.9 0.5 2426.0 273.1 42.3 2603.3 883.2 2450.6 2291.4 2417.9 99.9 54.9 38.8 78.8 

Cherokee Co 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 301.2 144.9 14.6 17.4 16.6 0.2 1820.6 205.4 32.4 1384.2 577.0 146.9 724.8 825.9 32.5 17.8 12.6 25.6 

Chowan Co 94.5 33.0 168.7 48.0 16.8 0.1 583.9 172.7 17.3 22.6 21.5 0.2 556.8 76.3 10.9 1015.4 250.2 610.4 330.6 333.0 13.7 7.1 4.9 11.6 

Clay Co 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.5 0.1 0.0 203.9 67.2 7.2 10.4 9.9 0.1 505.9 68.7 8.1 620.3 193.8 29.2 254.8 261.5 11.1 6.0 4.2 9.0 

Cleveland Co 670.3 291.0 172.4 275.5 241.1 0.2 471.2 745.2 54.6 46.4 44.3 0.6 2916.7 465.6 88.9 3237.1 829.7 1029.6 3026.5 2832.4 119.8 64.4 45.0 96.3 

Columbus Co 2670.0 2608.5 2829.3 1590.5 1372.8 128.2 566.3 548.1 48.7 48.9 46.6 0.4 2323.8 339.5 55.3 2749.8 804.2 3063.6 1794.6 1882.7 77.0 41.3 28.8 62.8 

Craven Co 2533.1 1693.6 1477.9 721.9 521.4 65.8 973.8 569.2 54.2 56.2 53.6 0.5 2298.1 376.5 46.8 2805.2 756.9 1257.5 2995.1 2884.6 119.7 62.5 43.0 101.4

Cumberland Co 1219.6 736.9 1545.2 280.2 132.0 0.4 1319.6 1703.6 140.5 122.6 116.6 1.2 5258.6 790.5 107.9 5913.6 1419.4 1517.4 10473.5 12143.9 446.2 244.4 172.5 353.4

Currituck Co 0.0 0.0 0.0 6.0 2.5 0.0 2005.2 537.0 60.2 74.6 70.5 0.7 713.7 115.8 16.5 1412.9 362.9 219.6 876.5 971.6 40.6 22.2 15.7 32.3

Dare Co 2.3 75.4 7.6 2.6 1.6 0.0 8509.7 1062.0 105.2 193.3 180.2 2.1 871.8 273.1 36.0 1732.9 433.8 16.6 1521.7 1592.9 66.5 35.8 25.0 54.1 

Davidson Co 2791.3 3240.7 408.0 457.5 391.7 6.5 809.1 1545.1 101.7 77.3 73.2 0.9 4806.8 656.7 97.5 4468.8 1221.9 559.0 5072.0 6456.2 229.9 128.9 92.2 175.5

Davie Co 258.1 35.1 16.0 68.1 58.1 1.2 398.0 280.3 24.3 28.9 27.6 0.3 1714.0 179.8 24.7 1681.5 500.1 445.7 1270.5 2569.9 75.4 47.7 36.2 45.9 

Duplin Co 17.3 299.2 599.1 150.0 106.8 0.0 186.5 412.0 41.3 42.0 40.6 0.3 1882.0 251.2 33.9 4565.2 1041.3 23702.1 1835.7 2676.8 89.8 52.7 38.6 63.5 

Durham Co 236.0 352.2 593.3 22.9 17.4 0.5 1517.5 2328.2 215.6 189.6 182.4 2.0 4047.7 1053.9 117.3 4624.6 1179.7 133.2 5434.5 8250.5 337.8 160.5 108.6 279.3

Edgecombe Co 281.4 2108.9 331.7 79.6 49.0 0.0 284.2 874.6 61.4 47.1 44.8 0.4 2091.4 271.1 49.4 3460.0 854.9 1913.2 2078.8 2117.5 87.1 45.9 31.8 72.8 

Forsyth Co 2296.4 1529.5 3784.3 346.8 200.1 19.4 1579.5 1844.4 157.6 145.9 139.8 1.7 6077.5 1541.5 244.0 7141.2 1746.2 286.4 8787.1 11599.3 455.3 224.0 154.0 360.5

Emissions Preparations & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

 Appendix D.3 - 1 

December 17, 2007
Table 1. Typical 2002 BaseG2 Annual Emission Summary for North Carolina Counties (tons)

Point Non-road Area Mobile County 

VOC NOx SO2 PM-10 PM-2.5 NH3 VOC NOx SO2 PM-10 PM-2.5 NH3 VOC NOx SO2 PM-10 PM-2.5 NH3 VOC NOx SO2 PM-10 PM-2.5 NH3 

Franklin Co 444.8 26.9 6.7 10.0 6.3 0.0 266.6 282.6 26.2 26.4 25.3 0.3 2066.3 262.1 33.2 2266.1 669.0 577.1 1653.2 1798.3 74.3 40.3 28.3 59.8 

Gaston Co 907.1 14609.5 54597.3 3101.0 2669.8 12.3 944.0 1448.7 106.2 87.7 83.4 1.0 4587.4 775.6 90.8 4044.7 1011.0 291.1 5217.5 6611.5 296.1 134.9 89.8 243.5

Gates Co 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.5 0.2 0.0 98.3 127.9 14.7 14.8 14.3 0.1 650.7 64.2 10.3 1138.5 316.5 589.4 324.8 381.3 14.8 8.2 5.8 11.6 

Graham Co 504.5 25.0 25.8 19.8 13.9 0.0 120.3 44.1 3.5 4.5 4.2 0.1 546.4 59.8 8.8 585.7 207.3 19.3 178.8 167.5 7.3 3.8 2.6 6.1 

Granville Co 621.6 23.6 1.5 49.0 45.9 29.0 346.4 527.2 49.6 44.8 43.1 0.5 2603.4 254.4 33.6 2476.4 809.2 179.6 1608.8 3519.8 117.6 61.0 43.8 81.5 

Greene Co 0.0 1.9 9.1 0.6 0.2 0.0 85.9 219.8 23.6 21.8 21.0 0.1 1079.9 94.2 12.1 1688.8 391.3 4505.9 603.6 605.8 25.7 13.7 9.6 21.1 

Guilford Co 3931.8 218.7 282.2 221.6 135.0 10.6 3394.1 4408.0 376.3 358.9 344.1 3.7 9393.6 2296.0 231.8 9006.4 2332.4 585.3 12727.2 16815.5 675.2 331.4 227.2 538.1

Halifax Co 484.5 4039.7 2426.6 361.7 264.7 5.3 383.5 748.6 59.5 49.8 47.3 0.3 2606.1 268.6 35.6 3387.5 905.3 1122.7 1837.0 3018.9 93.9 56.4 41.8 63.5 

Harnett Co 0.0 3.4 0.0 13.4 11.2 0.0 520.8 938.9 72.4 55.3 52.1 0.4 2705.5 449.8 62.1 3671.3 972.3 2263.8 2272.1 3008.4 107.0 60.8 43.8 80.0

Haywood Co 1506.9 5599.9 8731.4 898.8 877.8 77.6 619.6 329.1 32.4 39.8 37.8 0.3 2972.8 374.3 69.2 2565.5 952.3 333.4 2136.0 4069.2 120.8 74.7 56.0 77.3 

Henderson Co 781.3 75.8 1.7 34.8 27.9 0.5 1349.5 655.4 58.2 78.0 73.9 0.7 3396.2 496.9 62.2 3416.1 1081.5 261.6 2251.6 3073.1 105.4 59.7 43.0 79.2 

Hertford Co 181.5 176.7 148.7 152.4 134.0 0.0 223.8 187.5 18.9 21.3 20.4 0.2 894.5 139.8 37.6 1426.2 347.8 933.6 584.8 575.2 24.5 13.0 9.1 20.1 

Hoke Co 181.0 62.2 127.3 21.4 21.4 0.0 164.6 204.2 20.4 20.9 20.1 0.2 1062.5 186.4 34.6 1786.8 631.7 934.8 830.6 847.9 34.7 18.8 13.2 27.8 

Hyde Co 0.3 16.5 1.4 4.2 1.6 0.0 6489.8 675.9 64.1 132.2 122.9 1.5 470.8 46.1 6.4 2044.3 479.3 145.8 166.4 161.1 6.9 3.7 2.6 5.7 

Iredell Co 774.3 3967.1 539.6 121.5 105.1 19.9 839.8 1148.7 102.4 92.8 89.2 1.0 3999.3 579.8 108.2 4751.7 1310.4 1904.2 6425.0 10172.6 323.6 194.5 143.9 217.1

Jackson Co 37.7 76.7 13.0 41.1 31.8 0.0 365.6 275.4 31.0 31.7 30.3 0.3 2177.4 268.2 33.6 1725.6 722.8 46.4 1272.2 1600.5 61.6 34.5 24.7 47.1 

Johnston Co 179.7 48.3 28.9 10.0 9.7 1.7 841.6 1705.9 138.6 113.0 107.4 0.9 3810.7 626.3 75.1 5519.6 1369.5 2855.4 6225.8 10847.5 335.0 205.4 153.4 218.1

Jones Co 0.0 0.0 0.0 10.1 3.2 0.0 69.7 136.3 15.2 14.5 13.9 0.1 534.1 54.3 8.3 1042.1 247.0 2480.8 509.8 611.6 23.7 13.1 9.3 18.5 

Lee Co 286.1 96.3 90.7 171.5 155.2 0.0 306.5 564.3 45.3 38.5 37.0 0.5 1427.3 278.1 31.1 1495.6 415.2 484.5 1575.4 1571.1 64.8 33.5 22.9 55.6

Lenoir Co 353.2 755.2 1122.2 75.9 46.9 17.5 335.5 411.0 35.4 36.7 35.2 0.3 1852.3 246.4 31.4 3501.7 753.2 3666.7 1767.4 1569.9 69.7 35.4 23.9 61.3 

Lincoln Co 767.5 119.0 17.8 72.3 64.8 0.3 409.9 553.6 42.5 37.4 35.6 0.4 2229.4 306.7 68.5 2606.3 730.5 345.1 2535.5 2051.6 90.4 46.1 31.2 77.8 

Mc Dowell Co 730.8 244.9 50.7 242.9 182.6 0.0 417.1 883.9 55.5 37.1 34.6 0.4 2014.4 223.8 43.6 1759.5 603.8 240.7 1543.0 2988.2 88.9 55.4 41.7 56.0 

Macon Co 4.9 0.0 0.0 0.8 0.2 0.0 489.9 210.4 21.8 28.6 27.1 0.3 2065.9 264.8 32.2 1670.3 695.4 72.8 927.5 1059.7 42.0 23.1 16.3 33.1 

Madison Co 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 159.3 327.2 23.5 16.1 15.1 0.1 1602.6 142.7 30.7 1250.6 469.2 117.6 516.3 591.8 23.5 12.9 9.1 18.5 

Martin Co 1085.1 4606.2 3426.0 640.2 523.0 102.6 251.6 242.6 23.9 26.1 25.0 0.2 1431.8 160.9 22.2 1935.0 484.7 620.5 939.6 979.7 39.8 21.3 14.9 32.4 

Mecklenburg Co 2082.4 765.4 867.7 528.0 390.5 72.2 7653.1 8351.7 836.8 929.4 894.8 7.6 11422.2 3424.8 356.5 13585.6 2167.0 414.0 26067.1 25981.4 1122.0 506.7 335.3 933.9

Mitchell Co 467.8 75.8 23.6 54.8 48.9 0.0 262.3 667.2 42.9 25.7 23.6 0.1 1045.7 122.1 21.1 844.7 297.8 35.8 385.3 391.2 16.2 8.6 6.0 13.3 

Montgomery Co 544.3 117.7 54.2 195.4 144.2 0.1 264.0 241.1 18.8 18.1 17.3 0.2 1467.9 166.8 31.8 1366.9 478.6 1446.1 1058.5 1201.0 46.8 25.9 18.4 36.5 

Moore Co 8.0 12.2 14.7 4.1 2.8 0.0 535.5 503.7 48.9 46.3 44.2 0.5 2578.1 464.7 54.3 2317.9 786.3 2275.2 2191.5 2051.3 87.1 45.2 31.1 74.1 

Nash Co 378.9 172.8 95.7 19.2 14.1 0.8 406.2 715.7 61.4 53.0 50.6 0.4 3275.7 520.7 65.7 3900.1 1059.9 1925.4 4356.3 6824.2 223.6 131.5 96.2 158.0

New Hanover Co 2275.1 10332.3 27675.4 1154.3 609.2 5.5 1586.2 3633.9 478.4 233.4 220.1 1.6 2723.5 632.8 72.2 2614.5 689.3 126.0 3470.9 3305.8 140.1 72.4 49.5 120.3

Northampton Co 162.7 23.1 8.6 65.3 20.2 1.3 230.9 582.5 47.0 35.7 33.8 0.2 1160.4 140.9 25.3 3215.3 793.6 1706.1 871.1 1413.0 45.4 27.3 20.2 30.6 

Onslow Co 64.3 23.1 32.1 3.5 3.1 0.0 1247.2 566.2 60.9 69.3 66.0 0.6 3107.9 509.6 75.9 3079.1 940.6 2547.2 3586.5 3239.0 138.1 72.1 49.6 116.8Orange Co 70.9 527.5 148.6 24.0 16.1 0.0 893.8 903.6 96.0 91.6 87.6 0.7 3257.0 606.4 122.9 3344.7 977.8 401.1 3187.4 7610.2 247.7 130.6 94.6 165.2

Emissions Preparations & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

 Appendix D.3 - 2 

December 17, 2007
Table 1. Typical 2002 BaseG2 Annual Emission Summary for North Carolina Counties (tons)

Point Non-road Area Mobile County 

VOC NOx SO2 PM-10 PM-2.5 NH3 VOC NOx SO2 PM-10 PM-2.5 NH3 VOC NOx SO2 PM-10 PM-2.5 NH3 VOC NOx SO2 PM-10 PM-2.5 NH3 

Pamlico Co 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 758.6 89.0 88.2 84.5 0.7 498.6 72.3 10.0 980.2 248.3 107.8 343.0 297.7 13.3 6.9 4.7 11.5 

Pasquotank Co 3.0 8.3 4.3 7.3 18.1 5.7 0.0 379.7 41.1 52.4 50.2 0.4 891.7 188.7 25.2 3137.8 699.5 149.0 723.5 667.8 28.9 14.7 10.0 25.2

Pender Co 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.6 0.1 0.0 397.4 288.3 32.4 31.1 29.8 0.3 1637.9 302.7 53.1 2034.2 780.6 3259.7 1668.6 2753.1 88.2 53.0 39.2 59.7 

Perquimans Co 0.0 230.1 20.2 358.2 304.8 4.7 772.8 246.7 26.7 34.5 32.9 0.3 621.6 69.0 10.0 2112.6 505.2 548.0 384.1 441.2 17.0 9.4 6.7 13.2 

Person Co 381.1 33688.0 126780.3 4165.9 1802.2 29.4 290.3 267.4 23.2 23.4 22.3 0.2 1872.3 195.0 40.8 1538.4 535.0 220.7 836.6 766.8 33.8 17.4 11.9 29.0 

Pitt Co 616.1 256.4 62.8 57.4 44.9 3.9 662.4 1181.0 108.0 97.5 93.7 0.8 3629.4 568.2 66.5 4014.4 1005.1 2271.8 3111.2 2973.0 128.0 66.6 45.7 109.1

Polk Co 0.2 2.0 1.2 0.5 0.3 0.0 166.5 123.5 11.1 11.7 11.1 0.1 932.7 130.5 28.2 869.7 292.3 55.5 720.8 1417.3 41.7 26.1 19.7 25.9 

Randolph Co 2532.9 19.3 3.0 188.1 173.0 0.0 735.2 971.6 66.4 62.6 59.8 0.9 5669.1 664.6 88.1 4411.3 1357.0 3555.5 4904.2 5954.3 218.2 119.1 83.9 173.8

Richmond Co 20.7 289.7 64.8 60.1 35.7 7.2 302.5 632.7 47.4 33.5 31.6 0.3 1333.0 231.9 37.9 1439.5 445.6 1797.8 1562.8 1624.4 65.5 34.8 24.2 54.1 

Robeson Co 220.7 3092.6 7762.4 219.5 98.0 0.9 458.0 1239.1 100.3 83.7 79.9 0.6 4500.6 606.4 100.4 8866.4 2429.5 5390.3 4230.6 6445.4 209.7 123.1 90.0 148.4

Rockingham Co 766.1 7858.9 5290.8 539.9 358.4 4.0 496.9 805.8 56.4 45.2 42.8 0.5 3757.7 456.1 66.6 3250.9 1017.4 312.4 2633.6 2610.3 109.3 57.0 39.2 92.8 

Rowan Co 2297.3 3924.1 10600.6 835.7 674.6 9.7 749.3 1280.5 86.6 69.3 65.4 0.7 3504.5 508.3 116.1 3997.6 1020.1 524.5 5342.4 6703.6 229.0 129.1 92.5 171.4

Rutherford Co 761.3 5118.1 29902.4 2252.0 1795.1 0.5 434.9 640.3 45.0 36.5 34.4 0.4 2448.0 320.3 47.3 2475.3 752.2 377.6 1809.9 1703.9 71.8 38.0 26.3 59.6 

Sampson Co 24.4 27.0 18.3 74.0 22.1 0.0 227.5 477.8 48.5 50.0 48.3 0.4 2293.8 314.7 47.7 7801.4 1731.5 21430.0 2026.4 2556.3 92.8 52.4 37.6 70.1 

Scotland Co 818.9 1597.8 252.1 426.8 410.0 2.6 150.4 484.6 31.9 22.1 20.9 0.2 1113.0 225.9 46.1 1899.9 712.6 632.4 1176.2 1147.2 48.0 25.1 17.3 40.5 

Stanly Co 357.9 521.1 1654.0 233.5 166.4 0.0 524.6 500.5 39.2 40.9 38.9 0.4 1927.7 289.4 40.9 2389.0 663.3 1442.2 2662.0 2001.1 92.0 46.5 31.4 79.8 

Stokes Co 199.7 35861.1 83483.9 4688.5 4060.3 7.1 265.0 293.2 24.7 22.9 21.7 0.2 2565.3 227.0 45.8 2087.6 712.3 333.3 1067.4 1051.9 43.9 23.4 16.4 35.9 

Surry Co 1531.3 257.1 320.5 199.8 125.7 0.0 560.3 467.1 36.2 41.5 39.6 0.5 2976.6 406.9 55.2 2903.4 814.6 1817.3 2588.9 3735.0 125.5 73.2 53.5 89.6 

Swain Co 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 755.4 112.2 12.3 29.4 27.4 0.2 1162.0 121.1 16.5 824.0 345.4 204.8 580.1 610.1 24.8 13.5 9.5 19.8 

Transylvania Co 148.6 890.4 1545.5 62.0 58.8 0.6 947.3 221.4 21.8 42.6 40.0 0.3 1428.5 174.2 20.1 1326.6 462.0 96.9 800.5 773.1 33.8 17.7 12.2 28.6 

Tyrrell Co 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1845.2 287.9 30.0 47.7 44.7 0.5 345.3 31.0 4.9 3043.9 693.2 277.4 152.8 178.1 6.8 3.8 2.7 5.3 

Union Co 375.3 74.5 169.1 116.2 37.3 0.0 1460.2 1994.5 187.0 174.2 166.8 1.6 3616.0 611.1 62.5 5238.4 1452.5 5909.7 4546.0 3778.1 170.7 88.6 60.7 143.6

Vance Co 212.2 824.6 267.1 147.3 134.8 0.1 458.0 245.9 22.3 26.5 25.2 0.3 1671.7 237.3 33.5 1717.3 523.3 88.9 1347.4 1998.6 66.1 38.0 27.6 48.3 

Wake Co 1060.4 204.6 76.4 244.9 68.2 2.2 5741.6 6299.5 657.4 725.1 698.4 5.7 12700.5 3472.9 346.1 15940.0 4165.6 455.7 14782.2 24086.6 961.5 468.7 322.6 759.2

Warren Co 0.7 2.1 0.2 2.6 1.7 0.0 198.7 136.4 15.1 14.2 13.6 0.1 1213.5 127.3 20.4 1199.3 412.4 651.5 627.6 1075.1 33.1 20.2 15.1 21.5 

Washington Co 0.0 0.0 0.0 8.9 3.6 0.0 732.4 338.6 32.6 38.9 37.1 0.3 739.4 109.4 13.8 1569.1 500.0 523.4 425.4 458.0 18.6 10.0 7.0 15.1 

Watauga Co 26.7 46.2 40.1 17.3 13.4 0.0 680.8 411.3 46.3 52.8 50.4 0.4 2063.8 353.7 85.0 1863.6 665.6 253.9 1128.4 1173.1 47.6 25.6 17.9 38.6 

Wayne Co 1104.8 5324.0 14731.4 722.6 459.0 0.0 508.6 708.3 65.2 63.7 61.4 0.6 2843.6 549.9 69.1 5738.2 1324.3 8197.4 3061.5 2803.1 119.3 61.3 41.7 103.2

Wilkes Co 1212.3 310.1 95.1 139.1 110.0 2.8 397.7 331.6 26.6 29.6 28.3 0.4 3031.8 357.4 83.8 2811.2 900.5 4606.8 1926.3 2013.3 82.6 44.6 31.2 66.9 

Wilson Co 1049.4 443.8 1122.2 228.8 191.4 5.4 531.0 1091.2 82.7 66.1 62.7 0.6 2294.5 319.7 37.5 3172.8 727.7 574.2 2537.4 3009.0 112.7 61.6 43.5 89.3 

Yadkin Co 38.1 1.2 7.0 3.5 2.5 0.0 182.4 224.6 21.3 22.2 21.4 0.2 1691.5 199.2 28.2 2058.8 545.1 1488.7 1362.2 2260.3 72.0 43.5 32.2 48.3 

Yancey Co 12.6 2.8 5.3 0.1 0.1 0.0 283.6 400.6 26.6 19.9 18.3 0.1 1405.5 141.0 29.5 1051.0 417.5 67.9 417.7 487.1 18.9 10.4 7.4 14.8 

Emissions Preparations & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

 Appendix D.3 - 3 

December 17, 2007
Table 2. 2009 BaseG2 Annual Emission Summary for North Carolina Counties (tons)

Point Non-road Area Mobile County 

VOC NOx SO2 PM-10 PM-2.5 NH3 VOC NOx SO2 PM-10 PM-2.5 NH3 VOC NOx SO2 PM-10 PM-2.5 NH3 VOC NOx SO2 PM-10 PM-2.5 NH3 

Alamance Co 344.3 162.4 25.4 49.8 37.5 6.9 644.7 809.8 13.0 63.1 59.9 1.0 2808.9 670.1 80.6 3544.4 983.0 581.0 3011.9 3789.4 25.0 96.0 61.1 196.3 

Alexander Co 366.3 6.5 4.2 40.6 26.1 0.0 228.1 173.1 2.9 17.1 16.2 0.3 1297.3 188.2 25.6 1494.5 424.4 1994.2 453.7 435.7 3.3 12.4 7.7 27.3 

Alleghany Co 5.0 0.1 0.3 0.5 0.2 0.0 50.4 70.0 1.4 6.5 6.2 0.1 603.2 97.2 13.9 982.8 300.0 337.1 170.5 158.0 1.2 4.5 2.8 10.1 

Anson Co 62.4 72.6 156.4 45.0 38.4 0.6 105.9 453.2 6.0 16.4 15.3 0.1 707.1 119.6 21.6 1273.0 370.3 2734.2 574.1 651.0 4.4 17.0 10.8 34.6 

Ashe Co 3.4 14.2 25.8 17.5 11.3 0.0 163.7 132.7 2.7 14.2 13.5 0.2 1344.7 219.2 33.4 1735.1 608.5 226.6 485.6 439.2 3.4 12.6 7.8 28.5 

Avery Co 29.6 5.8 13.3 1.5 1.0 0.0 281.0 120.8 2.6 18.1 17.1 0.2 763.4 176.0 46.3 1013.7 345.0 91.9 336.8 361.1 2.6 9.7 6.1 20.5 

Beaufort Co 99.1 699.8 5390.7 748.3 455.7 602.2 1376.9 848.7 15.6 69.5 65.6 0.8 1626.3 287.8 31.8 2941.1 832.8 1195.7 729.8 709.2 5.3 19.6 12.2 43.9 

Bertie Co 223.9 74.3 213.6 27.4 18.4 7.3 328.8 231.3 5.7 21.6 20.6 0.3 1143.4 138.1 24.2 1950.1 534.1 1834.8 493.5 527.9 3.7 14.2 9.0 30.0 

Bladen Co 235.5 801.7 2489.2 60.8 38.3 0.6 329.6 391.1 6.5 26.6 25.2 0.3 1345.0 227.1 43.3 2950.0 918.2 8922.2 770.0 727.8 5.6 20.8 12.9 46.6 

Brunswick Co 1508.4 2807.2 7016.0 347.7 262.0 6.7 1021.7 1035.4 51.5 81.9 77.4 0.9 1838.9 428.8 55.6 2623.4 900.4 1088.4 2057.1 2310.6 17.0 64.7 40.9 136.5 

Buncombe Co 432.1 1051.4 1750.0 629.4 312.3 1.3 1700.6 1342.6 25.4 125.3 118.8 1.5 5257.8 1419.6 243.0 6582.5 2076.4 331.7 3719.0 5094.5 32.2 125.5 80.7 247.2 

Burke Co 798.5 126.5 275.0 238.2 220.1 1.3 288.8 447.9 6.3 25.6 24.3 0.5 2281.5 426.3 75.4 2856.6 885.3 419.9 2029.8 3072.9 18.6 75.2 49.8 132.9 

Cabarrus Co 729.1 854.5 2023.5 80.4 51.4 9.6 568.1 1294.7 21.2 81.0 76.9 1.0 2679.0 594.8 61.9 4234.0 1192.8 553.4 4336.9 3599.4 30.7 113.0 69.4 257.1 

Caldwell Co 4102.7 429.9 38.2 221.0 154.8 0.0 422.6 384.0 5.9 30.5 29.1 0.6 2366.9 415.6 61.0 2856.0 986.1 345.0 1488.1 1467.3 11.5 43.0 26.7 95.1 Camden Co 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 447.9 189.6 4.7 19.0 18.0 0.2 266.0 48.1 7.8 1681.5 406.5 193.4 202.1 214.6 1.5 5.8 3.6 12.5 

Carteret Co 94.5 37.3 177.2 46.0 7.4 0.0 4618.5 2594.3 237.0 183.3 170.1 1.6 1950.5 646.4 123.2 3557.8 1747.3 202.8 991.7 1128.3 8.4 32.0 20.2 67.3 

Caswell Co 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 66.9 187.2 2.8 9.2 8.7 0.1 1114.1 144.8 20.8 1566.6 463.6 188.6 418.5 437.9 3.1 11.9 7.5 25.2 

Catawba Co 3501.0 13094.5 10797.5 3755.1 3246.6 8.9 819.0 1178.4 17.2 73.5 70.2 1.5 3964.3 830.0 96.0 4783.8 1333.5 512.6 3984.9 4445.7 31.4 119.2 75.2 251.3 

Chatham Co 628.3 1976.5 14221.6 949.7 530.6 30.1 355.9 464.3 9.1 38.7 37.1 0.5 1787.2 298.6 45.7 2663.0 872.8 2736.6 1644.3 1727.5 13.3 51.1 32.5 105.4 

Cherokee Co 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 300.1 119.6 2.4 15.6 14.7 0.2 1270.5 238.9 39.1 1458.3 589.0 164.0 502.9 559.8 3.9 14.8 9.4 30.9 

Chowan Co 65.9 32.8 168.7 50.2 17.5 0.1 428.4 159.8 3.9 15.8 15.0 0.2 455.4 83.3 11.6 1044.7 260.5 640.7 220.2 222.2 1.6 5.9 3.7 13.5 

Clay Co 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.6 0.1 0.0 227.5 57.6 1.2 10.3 9.7 0.1 374.9 74.5 8.9 652.9 195.9 30.1 179.6 179.4 1.3 5.1 3.2 11.0 

Cleveland Co 734.3 324.0 192.4 300.1 261.1 0.2 367.3 583.8 9.2 36.8 35.1 0.6 2248.3 507.0 92.7 3385.3 884.5 1119.7 2468.0 2190.6 18.2 68.2 42.6 147.2 

Columbus Co 2559.3 2758.0 3013.1 1659.2 1419.2 136.4 519.7 450.7 9.0 39.5 37.4 0.4 1989.8 368.5 59.9 2849.5 857.5 3093.9 1306.3 1415.6 10.0 37.9 23.9 80.4 

Craven Co 2702.5 1968.7 1556.9 775.0 560.4 70.2 741.0 480.1 10.6 43.1 40.9 0.6 2168.9 508.5 76.9 3382.6 1213.7 1287.2 2092.0 2027.2 15.8 58.6 36.3 131.3 

Cumberland Co 1289.2 579.7 1306.6 229.1 125.2 3.5 990.4 1336.5 22.2 98.7 93.6 1.3 4576.9 866.0 114.2 6287.9 1665.4 1582.2 6521.8 7313.1 51.4 195.8 123.7 410.5 

Currituck Co 0.0 0.0 0.0 6.7 2.8 0.0 1584.7 512.4 12.3 57.7 54.5 0.8 628.1 145.1 23.1 1544.4 460.1 230.2 814.5 857.8 6.4 24.3 15.3 52.0 

Dare Co 2.0 72.1 8.3 2.8 1.7 0.0 6679.3 1163.7 19.8 148.3 138.2 2.2 939.9 361.3 56.3 2188.7 798.2 32.7 1019.5 1038.0 7.7 29.0 18.1 63.1 

Davidson Co 2840.9 1434.3 442.0 455.3 389.1 7.3 599.9 1243.3 17.2 61.1 57.7 0.9 3651.1 712.5 104.5 4693.6 1299.5 606.1 3378.3 4185.6 28.5 110.7 71.0 220.4 

Davie Co 259.4 35.1 16.0 68.5 58.2 1.2 391.9 224.3 4.1 26.0 24.6 0.3 1339.8 195.2 27.0 1734.3 502.4 467.8 827.9 1520.7 8.2 34.6 23.7 52.1 

Duplin Co 20.0 523.2 2319.7 200.4 157.4 1.1 132.6 340.1 6.7 29.3 28.3 0.3 1643.8 275.6 36.8 4589.2 1085.0 24403.1 1285.7 1811.8 10.8 43.6 28.8 77.6 

Durham Co 293.7 368.3 581.6 26.2 20.0 0.5 1084.8 1821.2 36.1 149.4 143.3 2.2 3524.7 1134.8 122.3 5062.5 1439.8 145.8 3622.4 5118.3 44.1 150.2 89.9 356.5 

Edgecombe Co 357.5 1978.8 651.8 227.3 213.9 5.5 194.2 712.5 10.3 34.6 32.9 0.5 1729.5 295.0 51.6 3496.3 880.0 1955.8 1309.7 1343.4 10.4 38.7 24.0 85.9 

Forsyth Co 2384.2 1507.2 3817.3 345.3 188.7 22.1 1056.5 1456.3 26.6 116.5 111.4 1.9 5120.5 1648.0 250.7 7717.6 2114.6 307.9 5898.4 6540.3 53.9 188.4 114.4 432.7 

Emissions Preparations & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

 Appendix D.3 - 4 

December 17, 2007
Table 2. 2009 BaseG2 Annual Emission Summary for North Carolina Counties (tons)

Point Non-road Area Mobile County 

VOC NOx SO2 PM-10 PM-2.5 NH3 VOC NOx SO2 PM-10 PM-2.5 NH3 VOC NOx SO2 PM-10 PM-2.5 NH3 VOC NOx SO2 PM-10 PM-2.5 NH3 

Franklin Co 501.3 28.3 7.6 11.1 6.8 0.0 175.4 224.2 4.3 20.3 19.4 0.3 1607.9 285.2 36.4 2357.2 694.4 603.9 1304.3 1370.3 10.7 40.5 25.5 86.4 

Gaston Co 1072.2 7920.1 49092.5 3627.2 3126.6 104.9 687.9 1162.7 17.9 70.2 66.6 1.1 3878.7 848.6 97.1 4342.5 1149.4 317.2 3453.5 3918.0 38.8 129.0 76.2 312.5 

Gates Co 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.5 0.2 0.0 68.4 108.4 3.4 10.4 10.0 0.1 481.6 69.9 11.1 1152.5 308.4 627.5 204.8 233.8 1.6 6.1 3.9 12.6 

Graham Co 504.5 25.0 25.8 19.8 13.9 0.0 85.8 34.8 0.6 3.4 3.2 0.1 410.0 79.1 13.4 675.1 255.5 23.4 114.8 106.0 0.8 3.0 1.8 6.9 

Granville Co 693.0 25.1 1.7 58.0 54.4 29.1 224.2 408.8 8.2 34.4 33.0 0.5 1934.7 277.6 36.7 2502.5 781.5 186.0 878.1 1901.9 13.1 47.0 30.0 89.9 

Greene Co 0.1 2.1 9.5 0.7 0.2 0.0 59.0 185.5 4.9 15.4 14.8 0.1 905.5 102.9 13.3 1725.1 408.0 4599.4 404.1 397.2 3.0 11.1 6.9 24.5 

Guilford Co 4204.3 222.2 251.8 219.0 143.8 10.8 2297.0 3568.5 73.3 297.9 285.3 4.0 7819.4 2488.4 246.7 9654.9 2717.5 620.6 8508.9 9759.0 81.0 284.9 173.8 645.0 

Halifax Co 509.9 3736.3 2946.8 573.1 466.6 15.7 305.0 639.2 9.8 38.2 36.1 0.4 1963.9 297.8 38.6 3396.5 876.9 1168.8 1118.2 1893.6 10.2 42.7 29.0 68.1 

Harnett Co 0.0 3.2 0.0 15.5 12.9 0.0 347.1 809.1 12.0 43.0 40.5 0.4 2314.7 485.6 66.6 3830.3 1073.0 2469.4 1424.0 1837.6 12.4 48.5 31.4 93.5 

Haywood Co 1591.7 2945.0 9263.9 930.6 908.2 82.8 681.3 270.4 5.4 38.3 36.1 0.4 2048.4 398.6 71.4 2564.4 871.3 335.9 1320.6 2539.2 13.9 58.7 40.2 90.2 

Henderson Co 717.5 82.0 1.8 34.7 27.2 0.6 1562.5 528.5 9.7 79.0 74.2 0.9 2548.0 537.8 66.7 3544.9 1110.5 269.6 1480.3 2055.4 13.2 52.2 34.0 98.2 

Hertford Co 202.3 151.6 130.3 136.6 117.9 0.0 200.3 152.2 3.0 16.5 15.8 0.2 743.4 151.2 38.8 1463.7 362.4 986.9 353.2 339.7 2.5 9.5 6.0 21.1 

Hoke Co 213.0 62.7 127.3 21.4 21.4 0.0 155.8 163.2 3.4 16.4 15.7 0.2 903.9 196.4 36.2 1849.3 662.9 951.5 593.4 607.5 4.3 16.4 10.4 34.9 

Hyde Co 0.2 15.6 1.6 4.8 1.8 0.0 4797.8 785.3 12.8 88.6 82.4 1.5 370.5 50.4 6.8 2022.5 469.9 148.2 159.6 151.5 1.2 4.3 2.7 9.7 

Iredell Co 669.4 1380.8 550.4 127.5 109.9 22.2 671.5 909.6 17.1 72.5 69.5 1.1 3068.2 625.9 113.9 4987.6 1408.4 2070.6 4303.5 6814.8 40.8 169.4 114.7 270.2 

Jackson Co 40.5 82.1 13.6 43.2 33.7 0.0 11574.3 3735.1 63.7 376.3 355.7 5.8 1506.2 297.4 38.4 1765.4 698.7 53.1 902.1 1102.4 7.5 29.0 18.6 58.0 

Johnston Co 234.4 48.8 30.3 10.7 10.4 1.7 651.5 1446.3 23.0 88.4 83.7 0.9 3238.0 675.5 81.2 5785.3 1527.8 2987.5 4540.9 7532.6 44.0 183.3 124.1 293.6 

Jones Co 0.0 0.0 0.0 11.0 3.4 0.0 47.9 116.3 3.5 10.2 9.8 0.1 613.8 126.1 27.4 1377.7 520.8 2512.9 328.8 385.5 2.6 10.1 6.4 20.7 

Lee Co 301.7 102.5 96.4 119.3 101.1 0.0 201.2 426.5 7.6 29.6 28.4 0.5 1152.3 301.1 33.4 1587.9 452.9 531.5 1054.5 1061.7 8.2 30.4 18.8 69.1 

Lenoir Co 405.5 813.8 1215.2 83.9 51.4 18.4 272.2 329.6 7.0 28.4 27.2 0.4 1607.5 272.9 34.0 3561.4 805.7 3815.7 1055.0 953.3 7.9 29.0 17.7 67.9 

Lincoln Co 852.0 40.6 4.3 72.6 65.3 0.3 323.1 451.0 7.1 30.0 28.5 0.4 1698.2 332.3 79.8 2737.1 774.8 372.1 1653.9 1515.2 12.1 44.7 27.6 100.0 

Mc Dowell Co 681.5 258.8 50.8 231.2 167.1 0.0 365.6 733.9 9.3 31.6 29.4 0.4 1414.9 241.6 46.0 1806.2 581.3 268.1 1024.6 1870.2 10.0 42.0 28.7 64.6 

Macon Co 5.6 0.0 0.0 0.9 0.2 0.0 506.3 175.1 3.6 27.5 25.9 0.3 1445.3 297.4 37.8 1731.0 692.2 79.8 637.4 707.6 4.9 18.9 12.0 39.4 

Madison Co 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 157.5 284.1 3.9 13.5 12.6 0.1 1098.3 154.3 32.3 1244.7 419.3 118.6 356.6 533.7 3.1 12.8 8.5 22.2 

Martin Co 1188.4 4400.0 3616.5 682.9 426.7 109.5 206.2 202.5 4.9 20.8 19.8 0.2 1156.1 177.9 24.3 1954.5 482.6 655.1 623.7 666.7 4.7 17.7 11.2 37.6 

Mecklenburg Co 1942.3 766.6 788.1 566.2 412.0 81.2 5333.8 7177.9 214.5 825.9 794.7 7.9 10215.2 3734.6 373.8 14973.1 3139.8 452.2 13604.0 14027.2 143.6 471.8 274.6 1193.1

Mitchell Co 474.1 76.4 25.0 56.1 50.1 0.0 314.4 583.7 7.2 23.4 21.5 0.1 735.0 131.6 22.4 865.1 277.2 37.8 250.9 252.0 1.8 6.9 4.3 15.1 

Montgomery Co 601.5 127.8 55.6 189.5 142.8 0.1 226.0 180.2 3.1 14.9 14.1 0.2 1162.4 221.6 45.0 1600.8 638.0 1619.0 713.0 806.7 5.5 21.2 13.5 42.9 

Moore Co 8.1 12.4 14.7 4.2 2.9 0.0 357.2 412.4 8.0 36.6 34.8 0.5 2038.4 499.1 58.2 2431.8 822.7 2527.9 1418.4 1304.3 10.5 38.9 24.0 88.8 

Nash Co 292.3 183.3 101.7 21.4 15.9 0.8 281.2 601.6 10.1 39.8 38.0 0.5 2625.0 564.8 69.9 3999.1 1101.3 2089.5 2713.2 4078.6 25.2 101.5 66.9 182.3 

New Hanover Co 2358.5 7088.0 30044.9 1603.2 789.0 19.1 1183.6 3318.5 307.1 202.5 190.4 1.5 2394.7 691.5 75.3 2835.8 819.9 132.3 2276.1 2134.4 17.4 63.8 38.9 149.1 

Northampton Co 188.6 24.9 9.7 67.5 22.2 1.5 168.0 508.5 7.7 25.4 24.0 0.2 898.1 151.7 26.7 3198.9 783.3 1768.1 565.5 880.8 5.1 20.7 13.9 35.0 

Onslow Co 46.7 24.0 36.2 4.1 3.6 0.0 1148.8 495.7 11.1 59.2 56.0 0.7 2678.9 538.9 79.8 3247.7 1031.0 2664.2 2358.0 2154.5 17.4 64.1 39.4 146.5 Orange Co 81.4 530.1 148.4 20.8 14.1 0.0 863.8 768.1 15.9 77.7 73.8 0.8 2572.9 658.3 127.1 3531.7 1045.5 415.6 1625.6 3648.1 23.9 86.8 56.1 157.4 

Emissions Preparations & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

 Appendix D.3 - 5 

December 17, 2007
Table 2. 2009 BaseG2 Annual Emission Summary for North Carolina Counties (tons)

Point Non-road Area Mobile County 

VOC NOx SO2 PM-10 PM-2.5 NH3 VOC NOx SO2 PM-10 PM-2.5 NH3 VOC NOx SO2 PM-10 PM-2.5 NH3 VOC NOx SO2 PM-10 PM-2.5 NH3 

Pamlico Co 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1813.8 317.6 6.5 43.3 40.4 0.6 429.9 78.7 10.8 1013.2 261.6 109.7 237.9 206.9 1.6 6.0 3.6 14.1 

Pasquotank Co 3.7 10.4 9.1 22.1 6.9 0.0 600.6 340.6 8.3 40.3 38.6 0.4 766.0 202.8 26.6 3157.1 733.0 152.0 504.6 493.0 3.6 13.4 8.2 30.5 

Pender Co 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.0 273.1 243.1 7.3 24.0 22.8 0.3 1373.5 320.7 55.7 2127.5 818.9 3322.6 1143.7 1727.7 10.1 41.1 27.3 71.4 

Perquimans Co 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.6 0.1 0.0 568.1 234.1 5.4 23.6 22.4 0.3 487.0 75.2 10.8 2103.1 501.1 594.7 274.3 318.9 2.1 8.2 5.3 16.8 

Person Co 348.6 9148.9 26525.6 4332.8 2080.4 35.4 195.7 210.9 3.8 17.9 17.1 0.3 1398.5 212.7 43.1 1565.9 513.7 226.3 559.2 518.4 4.0 14.7 9.0 33.7 

Pitt Co 652.1 263.8 58.5 60.5 47.3 3.8 456.0 975.2 21.5 75.4 72.4 0.9 3195.1 617.5 71.5 4185.0 1118.4 2310.0 1952.1 1828.7 15.0 55.3 33.9 127.4 

Polk Co 0.3 2.5 1.5 0.6 0.4 0.0 104.3 102.1 1.8 9.7 9.2 0.1 663.6 141.5 29.5 902.5 283.2 57.8 514.2 951.9 5.0 21.2 14.5 32.2 

Randolph Co 2771.5 20.7 3.5 189.0 173.0 0.0 527.9 725.3 11.2 50.4 48.0 0.9 4219.3 723.1 95.0 4544.5 1360.5 3962.6 3150.5 3834.4 26.2 100.8 64.2 206.1 

Richmond Co 11.3 91.7 56.2 28.9 17.4 0.0 203.7 533.7 7.9 26.1 24.6 0.3 1075.8 250.1 40.0 1522.7 476.7 1978.6 1013.3 1071.0 7.5 28.3 17.8 61.1 

Robeson Co 155.6 3460.0 8307.0 350.0 153.4 32.4 318.4 1038.9 15.9 60.0 57.2 0.7 3696.5 652.9 106.8 8916.6 2484.5 5570.1 2558.2 3770.5 23.2 93.6 61.9 166.5 

Rockingham Co 802.7 4000.3 10371.5 665.1 497.3 49.6 431.1 654.9 9.4 37.2 35.1 0.5 2779.0 500.4 71.6 3327.7 1001.8 324.9 1499.3 1515.1 11.8 44.1 27.4 98.5 

Rowan Co 2416.6 3019.7 12321.7 857.6 692.1 107.2 651.6 1048.1 14.5 56.4 53.1 0.7 2741.2 551.2 121.1 4216.3 1111.1 543.5 3397.7 3767.8 26.4 98.9 61.6 215.6 

Rutherford Co 773.8 2923.6 38083.5 2635.5 2101.9 32.1 378.2 518.1 7.5 30.9 29.1 0.4 1777.3 347.3 50.9 2546.6 751.7 395.6 1079.2 1047.5 8.2 30.8 19.2 67.4 

Sampson Co 23.7 28.8 19.9 78.4 22.3 0.0 161.1 391.9 7.9 34.8 33.6 0.4 1969.0 340.8 51.1 7721.9 1748.8 22001.7 1328.1 1675.3 10.7 42.0 27.3 80.1 

Scotland Co 906.9 1789.1 281.4 473.7 455.3 3.1 104.9 392.8 5.3 16.4 15.5 0.2 957.0 236.5 47.7 1969.5 746.7 688.5 759.8 766.5 5.5 20.7 12.9 45.7 

Stanly Co 377.8 547.9 1773.0 257.2 183.4 0.0 484.3 405.5 6.6 34.6 32.8 0.4 1518.5 311.3 43.6 2497.4 708.0 1598.5 1457.0 1171.5 10.1 36.7 22.3 85.8 

Stokes Co 151.3 4299.8 10511.0 3009.0 2602.3 4.5 272.4 248.3 4.1 19.5 18.4 0.2 1833.3 247.5 48.8 2110.5 669.8 346.4 654.4 646.1 5.1 19.0 11.9 41.6 

Surry Co 1388.2 264.6 330.6 205.9 130.5 0.0 401.8 351.1 6.1 34.5 32.8 0.6 2250.3 439.1 58.8 2987.0 817.4 2000.0 1465.9 2274.5 13.8 56.1 37.4 96.4 

Swain Co 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 992.6 102.8 2.0 35.5 33.0 0.3 811.9 132.2 17.8 822.1 303.2 215.6 354.6 362.1 2.6 9.9 6.2 21.0 

Transylvania Co 131.4 945.4 1567.8 54.2 51.2 0.7 1245.5 188.2 3.6 49.8 46.4 0.4 1073.9 191.2 21.8 1363.2 451.9 107.9 541.3 531.0 4.1 15.1 9.4 33.8 

Tyrrell Co 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1365.6 307.2 7.3 32.1 30.1 0.5 280.1 33.5 5.3 2979.7 677.5 280.2 117.6 139.4 0.9 3.6 2.3 7.2 

Union Co 389.4 78.4 171.1 88.7 39.9 0.0 968.9 1641.2 31.1 137.6 131.4 1.7 2999.8 663.1 68.4 5487.8 1609.5 6671.2 3171.3 2363.4 20.8 73.9 44.0 183.4 

Vance Co 248.9 929.9 301.3 163.8 150.5 0.1 395.9 197.2 3.7 23.0 21.7 0.3 1293.2 257.2 35.7 1773.1 528.9 91.6 898.7 1319.0 7.7 31.0 20.5 56.2 

Wake Co 1135.2 216.6 77.4 263.7 74.8 3.0 3863.0 5420.7 165.3 636.6 612.9 5.9 11257.2 3733.4 358.4 17383.2 5096.3 493.8 10141.6 13813.8 122.3 414.7 246.9 997.6 

Warren Co 0.7 2.1 0.2 2.6 1.7 0.0 142.6 105.2 2.3 10.2 9.8 0.1 887.3 138.1 22.0 1221.4 395.8 680.2 428.6 702.0 3.9 16.0 10.8 25.8 

Washington Co 0.0 0.0 0.0 10.8 4.3 0.0 535.7 300.2 6.4 27.0 25.7 0.3 682.9 152.8 24.7 1759.7 653.6 572.3 272.2 288.3 2.1 7.8 4.9 16.8 

Watauga Co 27.5 46.5 42.2 18.0 13.8 0.0 716.4 345.0 7.6 48.5 45.9 0.5 1508.6 376.0 86.9 1911.2 652.0 259.1 680.4 710.5 5.0 18.9 11.9 40.3 

Wayne Co 856.8 3524.7 15683.2 766.8 469.8 27.6 397.3 566.0 10.7 48.2 46.2 0.7 2517.3 591.5 73.3 5909.1 1474.6 8632.2 2022.1 1802.5 14.7 53.5 32.6 126.2 

Wilkes Co 1243.0 327.9 77.4 145.2 115.4 3.2 307.5 249.4 4.4 24.5 23.3 0.4 2160.2 387.3 87.8 2865.6 873.9 5219.3 1150.2 1194.4 9.2 34.8 21.8 75.0 

Wilson Co 753.1 364.5 881.1 203.1 167.4 5.2 398.6 907.4 13.8 51.5 48.8 0.6 1971.6 354.6 40.3 3271.7 791.1 584.6 1525.4 1980.9 13.2 51.6 33.4 99.9 

Yadkin Co 38.6 1.2 7.0 3.5 2.5 0.0 123.2 179.7 3.5 16.4 15.8 0.2 1276.6 215.8 30.6 2104.6 545.5 1635.1 897.5 1359.4 7.9 32.1 21.4 55.0 

Yancey Co 15.6 3.0 5.3 0.2 0.1 0.0 274.7 351.0 4.4 18.4 17.0 0.1 964.3 151.7 31.0 1054.7 376.1 70.6 256.4 294.0 2.0 7.7 4.9 15.8 

Emissions Preparations & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

 Appendix D.3 - 6 

December 17, 2007
Table 3. 2018 BaseG2 Annual Emission Summary for North Carolina Counties (tons)

Point Non-road Area Mobile County 

VOC NOx SO2 PM-10 PM-2.5 NH3 VOC NOx SO2 PM-10 PM-2.5 NH3 VOC NOx SO2 PM-10 PM-2.5 NH3 VOC NOx SO2 PM-10 PM-2.5 NH3 

Alamance Co 430.2 176.1 30.0 56.6 42.7 6.9 615.2 498.3 1.5 47.5 44.7 1.2 2878.4 740.1 87.4 3925.0 1023.6 632.5 1732.9 1633.1 24.0 72.4 35.4 229.4 

Alexander Co 394.6 7.2 4.4 42.1 27.0 0.0 186.7 90.4 0.3 11.7 11.0 0.3 1332.4 203.2 27.2 1605.5 422.6 2282.6 299.0 236.6 3.2 9.7 4.7 31.7

Alleghany Co 6.2 0.2 0.3 0.7 0.2 0.0 47.5 39.9 0.1 4.0 3.8 0.1 531.2 102.8 14.4 1044.6 294.0 338.9 102.2 78.8 1.1 3.2 1.5 10.7 

Anson Co 78.1 161.7 160.5 76.4 68.9 28.0 93.0 354.2 0.7 11.8 10.9 0.1 692.7 127.8 22.7 1378.2 378.8 3069.7 366.6 322.3 4.1 12.3 6.0 38.8

Ashe Co 4.2 16.8 30.9 22.0 14.2 0.0 132.7 74.1 0.2 8.5 8.1 0.2 1157.4 229.9 34.2 1841.8 587.4 235.0 339.6 256.9 3.6 10.6 5.1 35.3 

Avery Co 35.8 6.8 14.9 1.9 1.2 0.0 229.9 75.5 0.2 12.6 11.8 0.2 693.0 187.9 46.7 1107.0 345.8 98.8 203.8 173.7 2.3 6.8 3.3 21.9 

Beaufort Co 116.5 815.6 6294.1 874.6 532.5 704.7 1053.2 650.1 3.8 44.5 41.7 0.9 1581.7 314.8 34.2 3009.7 832.9 1204.0 423.6 338.1 4.6 13.6 6.6 45.1 

Bertie Co 245.7 77.6 219.8 29.6 19.9 7.8 254.9 157.0 1.8 12.3 11.7 0.3 1021.8 148.4 25.3 1971.2 514.7 2030.9 303.2 257.8 3.4 10.1 4.9 32.5 

Bladen Co 307.0 895.9 2507.7 92.9 69.5 28.1 246.6 267.5 1.2 16.6 15.6 0.3 1308.2 241.8 45.3 2960.6 905.8 9078.4 483.8 380.4 5.3 15.7 7.6 51.8 

Brunswick Co 1923.9 2899.3 6248.9 438.8 332.4 61.4 828.1 771.7 38.5 56.2 52.7 1.0 1897.4 460.6 59.6 2898.8 937.5 1099.5 1317.8 1127.3 18.4 55.1 26.8 176.9 

Buncombe Co 511.5 1105.8 1074.9 679.6 358.2 31.9 1352.4 862.6 5.5 85.7 80.9 1.7 5054.0 1525.2 248.6 7128.0 2065.4 336.6 2146.8 2149.7 30.6 92.8 45.6 288.5 

Burke Co 902.9 139.8 325.1 308.0 289.1 1.6 250.4 266.1 0.8 17.8 16.8 0.6 2176.5 455.5 78.5 3128.7 888.8 474.0 1137.6 1240.3 16.6 51.2 25.6 150.0 

Cabarrus Co 880.6 887.5 2036.3 89.1 57.0 11.5 544.5 882.3 1.9 56.0 52.7 1.2 2852.1 646.3 66.5 4719.2 1260.8 592.3 2637.5 1786.6 33.2 97.1 46.8 323.1 

Caldwell Co 4217.1 453.6 38.5 228.4 159.3 0.1 331.1 175.9 0.7 19.6 18.5 0.7 2233.6 443.8 63.5 3110.4 992.2 362.8 826.3 636.6 11.0 32.7 15.8 107.4 Camden Co 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 341.6 148.9 1.7 11.3 10.7 0.3 264.3 51.5 8.3 1655.6 399.3 193.8 132.2 112.6 1.5 4.4 2.1 14.4 

Carteret Co 126.4 143.0 312.7 138.3 89.1 32.2 3487.2 2469.4 230.4 143.4 132.8 1.7 2060.0 699.8 131.5 3856.8 1859.2 209.6 527.4 457.6 7.5 22.5 11.0 72.4 

Caswell Co 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 56.9 38.4 0.1 4.1 3.9 0.1 982.2 156.2 22.4 1642.2 451.2 203.9 272.3 227.6 3.0 9.0 4.3 29.0 

Catawba Co 3793.3 12475.9 5442.8 3708.2 3133.3 9.1 661.7 726.6 2.3 49.4 46.7 1.8 4392.9 905.7 102.6 5282.9 1393.9 551.6 2346.1 2011.1 31.4 94.0 45.8 301.6 

Chatham Co 703.1 1916.1 606.9 923.7 530.6 0.9 299.2 267.4 0.7 24.1 22.9 0.6 1689.3 321.6 48.7 2838.1 867.5 3105.8 1025.7 838.5 14.0 42.2 20.6 134.1 

Cherokee Co 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 227.5 71.1 0.2 9.6 9.0 0.2 1145.0 270.5 44.9 1622.2 628.1 180.6 339.0 296.9 3.8 11.5 5.6 36.7 

Chowan Co 87.4 133.2 279.1 132.8 98.6 32.2 329.8 127.4 1.7 9.8 9.2 0.2 455.9 89.9 12.3 1088.7 264.9 674.5 140.8 116.0 1.5 4.5 2.2 15.2 

Clay Co 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.7 0.1 0.0 165.9 36.1 0.1 6.4 6.0 0.1 368.6 87.0 11.4 754.4 227.5 31.5 126.8 103.7 1.4 4.2 2.0 13.8 

Cleveland Co 898.3 1218.2 1246.5 2082.9 1953.7 18.2 308.1 358.7 1.0 23.5 22.2 0.7 2262.6 551.1 96.4 3678.5 901.3 1231.3 1409.9 997.8 18.1 53.6 26.0 173.5 

Columbus Co 2849.3 2955.5 3299.0 1860.0 1587.6 150.0 406.9 302.6 2.2 25.2 23.7 0.5 1949.7 397.6 65.0 3007.5 873.2 3123.6 910.0 783.7 10.2 30.6 14.9 98.7 

Craven Co 3028.7 2198.6 1691.7 854.3 618.6 77.1 598.1 324.2 3.0 27.6 26.1 0.7 2276.3 562.0 85.8 3682.0 1316.2 1295.7 1364.7 1034.3 17.8 52.7 25.4 174.2 

Cumberland Co 1534.1 626.7 1353.3 261.4 142.5 4.0 906.9 983.5 2.3 70.4 66.1 1.5 5023.0 939.8 121.2 6878.0 1762.1 1661.7 3657.5 3168.8 49.1 147.4 71.8 470.1 

Currituck Co 0.0 0.0 0.0 8.1 3.3 0.0 1202.8 389.7 1.0 35.3 33.2 0.8 627.6 156.6 24.6 1612.8 465.9 236.8 647.5 555.4 7.6 22.6 11.0 73.1 

Dare Co 74.5 1778.6 2054.1 3458.6 3291.2 36.1 5018.4 1176.8 9.9 96.7 90.0 2.3 1113.3 438.9 72.3 2631.4 1034.4 44.3 671.4 557.3 7.5 22.5 10.9 73.4 

Davidson Co 3013.9 1576.0 496.7 491.4 422.6 8.5 505.3 844.6 2.1 41.7 39.1 1.1 3710.1 770.9 109.7 5171.3 1331.8 660.9 1973.7 1858.1 27.7 83.8 41.1 261.3 

Davie Co 261.2 35.1 16.0 69.4 58.8 1.2 304.2 135.3 0.4 17.1 16.1 0.4 1324.3 210.1 28.8 1869.2 503.2 494.1 550.8 712.5 7.2 22.9 11.7 61.0 

Duplin Co 59.2 1375.8 3356.6 1945.6 1818.0 19.1 118.1 208.9 0.4 16.5 15.8 0.4 1632.4 301.4 39.9 4560.7 1069.4 25311.5 863.2 890.8 10.1 31.3 15.6 91.8 

Durham Co 373.6 409.0 610.4 31.9 24.8 0.6 932.1 971.8 2.5 91.4 87.1 2.6 3874.3 1242.0 130.5 5790.9 1563.7 157.8 2093.9 1827.4 43.3 125.3 59.1 416.1 

Edgecombe Co 455.2 1988.8 332.3 238.1 223.4 5.5 164.9 490.2 1.1 22.3 21.0 0.5 1691.4 321.6 53.8 3535.3 870.2 2005.1 743.6 594.1 10.1 30.2 14.6 99.4 

Forsyth Co 2671.3 1463.7 3347.9 350.8 187.8 25.1 1006.6 854.9 2.6 79.2 75.1 2.2 5538.0 1787.6 258.8 8714.9 2273.4 328.4 3389.5 2647.4 53.0 154.2 73.1 506.9 

Emissions Preparations & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

 Appendix D.3 - 7 

December 17, 2007
Table 3. 2018 BaseG2 Annual Emission Summary for North Carolina Counties (tons)

Point Non-road Area Mobile County 

VOC NOx SO2 PM-10 PM-2.5 NH3 VOC NOx SO2 PM-10 PM-2.5 NH3 VOC NOx SO2 PM-10 PM-2.5 NH3 VOC NOx SO2 PM-10 PM-2.5 NH3 

Franklin Co 605.8 32.3 8.5 13.3 8.1 0.0 165.2 132.0 0.3 13.6 12.9 0.3 1523.1 310.2 39.6 2545.7 704.2 634.3 789.9 651.4 11.0 33.0 16.1 106.6 

Gaston Co 1301.5 5574.2 14732.2 3898.5 3374.5 101.3 612.1 754.1 1.9 47.6 44.8 1.2 4191.1 932.8 102.7 4888.5 1218.1 345.2 2017.7 1431.9 38.1 108.1 50.5 364.3 

Gates Co 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.5 0.2 0.0 58.6 70.4 1.5 6.2 5.9 0.1 434.2 75.1 11.8 1184.3 303.4 674.3 124.6 111.0 1.4 4.2 2.1 13.5 

Graham Co 504.5 25.0 25.8 19.8 13.9 0.0 70.1 21.6 0.1 2.4 2.2 0.1 422.7 109.4 21.1 862.1 362.5 29.2 68.3 52.7 0.7 2.1 1.0 7.2 

Granville Co 792.1 26.7 2.0 70.5 66.0 29.1 195.5 214.6 0.6 21.2 20.2 0.6 1763.1 301.2 39.8 2621.7 762.6 189.0 512.3 621.4 11.9 35.3 17.1 104.5 

Greene Co 0.1 2.4 10.4 0.7 0.2 0.0 54.6 121.6 1.6 9.0 8.6 0.2 840.4 112.5 14.6 1774.7 408.6 4718.7 268.2 216.1 2.9 8.7 4.2 28.7 

Guilford Co 4996.0 242.8 265.3 256.3 167.3 12.2 2183.2 2236.6 19.4 218.6 208.2 4.8 8496.6 2736.9 260.7 10821.7 2884.8 654.6 4497.7 3512.6 71.9 208.8 98.9 691.8 

Halifax Co 628.8 5453.5 4753.6 4056.4 3777.1 50.7 262.1 472.9 1.1 26.0 24.4 0.4 1818.6 322.5 41.1 3450.3 845.4 1220.9 665.1 788.1 8.2 25.8 13.0 71.1 

Harnett Co 0.0 3.9 0.0 18.8 15.6 0.0 332.5 614.0 1.3 31.9 29.7 0.5 2362.9 529.4 72.2 4073.4 1103.0 2733.3 798.0 765.5 11.4 34.6 17.1 106.2

Haywood Co 1743.9 3034.0 10149.5 1019.6 995.0 90.7 520.3 163.1 0.5 24.8 23.3 0.5 1819.1 428.5 74.2 2765.0 871.1 336.3 759.1 1020.2 12.1 38.4 19.5 103.5 

Henderson Co 761.2 89.7 1.9 41.5 32.5 0.6 1158.1 317.2 1.1 51.0 47.7 1.0 2440.8 581.9 71.2 3858.4 1116.3 273.7 882.4 899.0 12.8 39.1 19.3 118.1 

Hertford Co 240.9 163.1 151.4 161.1 139.3 0.0 158.0 92.6 0.2 9.9 9.4 0.2 735.6 163.4 39.0 1516.9 365.5 1053.7 202.4 160.0 2.2 6.5 3.1 21.4 

Hoke Co 273.5 63.1 127.3 21.5 21.5 0.0 119.8 90.6 0.2 9.4 9.0 0.2 905.1 208.0 38.0 1948.9 675.4 971.1 420.4 343.3 4.5 13.5 6.6 43.6 

Hyde Co 0.2 19.1 2.0 5.8 2.1 0.0 3609.2 850.5 5.6 56.2 52.3 1.5 335.5 54.9 7.3 1960.8 452.0 149.0 118.1 93.3 1.3 3.8 1.8 12.7 

Iredell Co 780.9 1474.8 580.2 141.9 121.9 25.6 548.5 516.5 1.3 43.0 41.0 1.3 3054.4 682.1 119.8 5458.5 1444.4 2289.9 2497.8 2863.5 37.0 115.6 58.5 317.9 

Jackson Co 44.6 90.0 14.9 47.4 36.9 0.0 276.0 135.0 0.3 17.4 16.4 0.4 1366.4 342.6 47.4 1990.5 769.3 59.4 623.0 588.3 7.4 22.5 11.0 70.4 

Johnston Co 324.1 54.5 33.4 12.4 12.0 1.7 567.7 1022.2 2.1 58.9 55.3 1.1 3280.9 737.3 88.5 6204.5 1580.7 3153.1 2737.6 3260.4 41.2 129.3 65.4 357.7 

Jones Co 0.0 0.0 0.0 12.9 4.0 0.0 43.5 77.9 1.5 6.1 5.8 0.1 626.5 147.4 32.5 1488.0 588.1 2538.6 207.2 189.4 2.4 7.2 3.5 23.0 

Lee Co 337.7 122.3 115.3 142.1 121.4 0.0 172.9 226.3 0.6 18.1 17.3 0.6 1167.1 330.0 36.0 1755.6 471.5 590.4 620.5 495.5 8.4 24.9 12.0 83.0

Lenoir Co 480.1 840.4 1250.1 98.1 59.7 21.5 229.3 204.6 1.9 18.0 17.2 0.4 1621.6 298.7 36.5 3613.5 806.9 4003.5 570.1 413.8 7.6 22.3 10.7 75.2 

Lincoln Co 991.9 43.1 5.1 80.4 71.8 0.4 270.5 297.5 0.7 19.8 18.6 0.5 1668.6 360.9 94.3 2997.3 795.2 405.2 1001.7 749.8 12.9 38.0 18.4 124.2 

Mc Dowell Co 697.3 275.9 51.0 270.9 193.4 0.0 288.5 545.6 1.3 23.3 21.5 0.4 1284.2 254.7 46.8 1963.7 572.1 299.4 669.7 847.4 8.7 27.5 14.0 74.2 

Macon Co 7.0 0.0 0.0 1.1 0.3 0.0 398.6 107.1 0.4 18.6 17.4 0.4 1295.0 327.8 42.4 1884.4 707.1 82.5 437.9 383.4 5.0 14.9 7.3 47.7 

Madison Co 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 126.1 221.8 0.5 9.5 8.8 0.1 934.8 162.0 32.9 1311.2 398.0 116.3 241.9 262.6 2.9 9.1 4.6 26.5 

Martin Co 1343.0 4726.2 3955.9 747.8 467.4 120.0 178.0 136.6 1.7 14.2 13.4 0.3 1077.3 194.3 26.3 1991.4 473.2 694.3 404.2 342.6 4.4 13.3 6.5 43.0 

Mecklenburg Co 2332.0 831.7 830.0 655.3 475.3 95.0 5192.2 4885.0 112.4 684.0 656.8 9.4 11735.2 4152.9 390.8 17224.5 3584.1 488.3 8377.3 5600.5 151.3 426.2 198.1 1470.4

Mitchell Co 509.2 77.6 28.2 59.9 53.8 0.0 230.6 474.0 1.0 17.1 15.7 0.2 667.2 138.9 22.9 944.0 271.6 37.8 161.7 131.7 1.8 5.2 2.5 17.2 

Montgomery Co 726.6 139.8 57.7 216.8 162.7 0.1 175.3 98.1 0.3 9.2 8.7 0.3 1130.2 233.6 46.0 1721.0 638.1 1829.4 475.9 419.0 5.3 16.0 7.8 50.4 

Moore Co 9.6 13.2 15.0 4.7 3.3 0.0 342.6 258.8 0.7 25.5 24.0 0.6 2034.4 541.5 62.3 2667.3 838.5 2852.3 811.3 599.9 10.6 31.2 15.0 104.1 

Nash Co 342.6 218.6 122.0 25.3 18.8 0.8 267.7 415.0 0.9 26.2 24.8 0.6 2571.1 618.4 75.2 4186.7 1106.7 2297.0 1487.4 1625.7 22.2 68.5 34.1 201.8 

New Hanover Co 2737.2 3543.1 12784.0 1503.5 756.6 19.2 1073.3 2761.3 290.4 166.1 155.0 1.8 2671.2 750.4 78.6 3191.5 883.9 138.0 1368.3 1027.6 18.4 54.4 26.1 183.1 

Northampton Co 225.0 29.2 11.3 78.0 24.9 1.8 141.2 390.2 0.8 16.4 15.3 0.2 825.7 162.4 27.8 3146.5 755.5 1845.2 352.8 394.2 4.3 13.5 6.8 38.5 

Onslow Co 55.4 28.2 43.1 5.0 4.4 0.0 890.3 338.5 2.3 37.1 34.9 0.8 2840.2 581.8 84.8 3526.3 1068.7 2813.4 1473.3 1066.6 18.9 55.9 26.9 186.6 Orange Co 96.1 549.2 153.2 23.6 16.1 0.0 693.7 480.4 1.1 48.7 46.0 1.0 2594.5 719.9 130.4 3908.3 1077.9 430.6 1218.9 1459.6 27.6 82.3 39.8 240.9 

Emissions Preparations & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

 Appendix D.3 - 8 

December 17, 2007
Table 3. 2018 BaseG2 Annual Emission Summary for North Carolina Counties (tons)

Point Non-road Area Mobile County 

VOC NOx SO2 PM-10 PM-2.5 NH3 VOC NOx SO2 PM-10 PM-2.5 NH3 VOC NOx SO2 PM-10 PM-2.5 NH3 VOC NOx SO2 PM-10 PM-2.5 NH3 

Pamlico Co 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1344.8 309.1 2.9 26.8 25.0 0.6 429.9 86.4 11.7 1063.1 267.7 110.2 148.9 110.4 1.6 4.6 2.2 15.6 

Pasquotank Co 4.7 13.4 11.7 28.3 8.8 0.0 506.3 246.3 2.7 28.8 27.6 0.5 798.9 221.4 28.5 3143.4 725.1 153.2 339.4 272.4 3.7 10.8 5.2 36.2 

Pender Co 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.1 0.0 250.1 160.7 3.1 16.5 15.6 0.4 1382.3 342.3 58.7 2291.4 835.4 3402.2 775.6 848.9 9.5 29.5 14.7 85.2 

Perquimans Co 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.6 0.1 0.0 433.7 187.6 1.8 13.9 13.2 0.3 453.2 81.5 11.6 2065.4 485.2 652.1 191.2 171.8 2.2 6.5 3.2 20.6 

Person Co 376.2 6581.8 11842.0 4367.4 2128.5 30.3 170.5 124.9 0.3 11.8 11.2 0.3 1277.9 231.4 44.9 1669.1 504.8 229.8 367.0 284.8 3.9 11.7 5.6 39.1 

Pitt Co 791.3 288.9 61.5 68.3 52.8 4.8 423.4 627.0 6.0 50.6 48.3 1.1 3294.0 676.7 76.8 4428.3 1153.9 2353.8 1096.9 819.3 14.8 43.7 21.0 146.4 

Polk Co 0.3 3.2 1.9 0.7 0.5 0.0 104.2 69.4 0.2 7.7 7.2 0.1 606.7 152.7 30.3 992.7 282.9 58.5 353.0 450.7 4.6 14.5 7.4 38.9 

Randolph Co 3121.7 23.6 4.1 197.6 178.2 0.0 455.8 404.9 1.3 33.7 31.8 1.1 4342.5 785.6 102.3 4918.7 1355.4 4487.9 1823.3 1681.2 25.4 76.6 37.5 242.3 

Richmond Co 12.0 80.0 58.7 28.4 17.2 0.0 187.3 391.2 0.9 18.8 17.5 0.3 1095.9 271.3 41.5 1677.3 494.0 2211.7 681.2 573.5 7.5 22.2 10.8 72.4 

Robeson Co 165.8 2479.9 6782.1 261.9 115.9 23.0 286.5 765.7 1.3 37.7 35.6 0.8 3595.6 708.0 113.2 8940.0 2443.3 5790.9 1407.2 1504.6 20.5 63.1 31.5 185.2 

Rockingham Co 872.6 3741.8 7469.5 533.9 381.4 35.6 348.7 451.2 1.1 25.2 23.6 0.6 2587.0 544.3 75.4 3565.0 986.6 332.7 792.8 626.6 10.8 32.2 15.5 106.1 

Rowan Co 3112.0 3232.7 11106.8 905.5 728.1 109.0 520.6 730.2 1.7 37.5 35.1 0.9 2785.2 600.7 124.9 4636.4 1145.8 563.8 1963.7 1690.3 26.5 78.4 38.1 254.4 

Rutherford Co 886.3 3924.2 5923.5 6389.0 5038.4 0.9 308.3 355.5 0.9 21.5 20.1 0.5 1683.9 375.2 53.4 2736.3 746.8 414.3 608.5 460.8 7.9 23.6 11.4 77.3 

Sampson Co 25.2 30.9 21.3 87.2 24.6 0.0 142.1 235.0 0.4 19.3 18.6 0.5 1952.9 373.2 55.2 7459.3 1680.8 22740.9 853.6 813.5 9.8 29.8 14.7 90.8 

Scotland Co 1156.9 2080.2 325.0 546.9 525.9 4.2 87.6 273.9 0.6 10.8 10.1 0.3 978.0 250.3 49.3 2078.5 760.2 758.9 477.8 390.6 5.2 15.4 7.5 50.8 

Stanly Co 407.3 632.0 2000.1 295.2 210.6 0.0 378.0 263.8 0.7 22.5 21.2 0.5 1528.1 335.8 45.9 2697.8 733.3 1796.9 552.9 369.4 7.0 20.3 9.7 68.5 

Stokes Co 200.1 5234.9 5758.4 3987.0 3447.6 6.0 209.5 173.8 0.4 12.3 11.5 0.2 1622.6 264.8 50.7 2250.4 648.4 358.3 378.0 291.1 5.0 14.9 7.2 48.9 

Surry Co 1442.4 274.2 341.2 215.6 137.9 0.0 359.7 193.4 0.7 24.8 23.4 0.6 2121.5 471.7 60.7 3197.6 813.8 2231.9 803.1 898.2 11.9 36.9 18.5 106.3 

Swain Co 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 687.1 71.3 0.4 21.8 20.3 0.3 704.7 142.4 18.9 881.7 288.2 226.4 219.6 179.7 2.4 7.1 3.4 23.0 

Transylvania Co 150.5 1035.5 1716.1 59.4 56.0 0.8 874.7 118.8 0.5 31.3 29.1 0.5 1007.5 205.2 23.0 1475.7 448.3 118.9 354.4 288.7 4.0 11.8 5.7 39.2 

Tyrrell Co 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1027.8 298.8 3.9 19.7 18.5 0.5 256.8 36.1 5.6 2821.0 642.2 281.1 86.4 78.5 1.0 2.9 1.4 9.2 

Union Co 473.2 88.0 181.0 105.9 48.0 0.0 906.5 1018.3 2.4 92.4 87.4 2.0 3125.6 722.1 74.6 5908.9 1663.3 7654.1 1900.6 1195.6 22.8 66.0 31.5 226.4 

Vance Co 300.6 1087.8 352.5 188.1 173.8 0.1 314.4 120.1 0.4 15.5 14.5 0.3 1231.8 279.6 38.1 1900.2 532.1 91.5 610.2 654.1 7.3 22.6 11.3 67.1 

Wake Co 1386.0 254.1 85.5 309.5 88.0 3.9 3808.8 3638.3 84.0 523.3 502.6 7.0 12372.6 4089.4 383.1 19721.3 5504.9 530.6 6638.6 5546.5 134.7 389.0 183.2 1302.9

Warren Co 0.7 2.1 0.2 2.6 1.7 0.0 119.4 58.8 0.1 6.2 5.9 0.1 802.6 148.0 23.3 1297.6 389.9 715.6 288.0 331.8 3.5 11.0 5.5 30.4 

Washington Co 0.0 0.0 0.0 13.7 5.4 0.0 407.7 221.8 1.9 16.1 15.3 0.4 701.6 184.7 32.2 1906.0 749.2 628.2 166.4 141.4 1.9 5.6 2.7 18.1 

Watauga Co 29.5 51.7 47.4 19.4 14.7 0.0 557.5 201.7 0.6 31.2 29.4 0.6 1399.3 400.4 86.6 2068.1 645.5 261.6 414.5 343.8 4.5 13.4 6.5 43.3 

Wayne Co 970.7 2553.0 12288.3 911.3 548.7 27.9 342.8 333.0 0.8 28.9 27.5 0.8 2620.4 646.5 79.3 6113.0 1505.8 9191.6 1193.6 851.3 15.3 45.1 21.6 152.4 

Wilkes Co 1473.6 356.9 79.8 156.7 125.4 4.1 266.7 136.2 0.5 16.8 15.9 0.4 2007.0 413.2 89.3 3062.0 856.9 6011.3 646.2 519.5 8.8 26.4 12.8 85.6 

Wilson Co 927.8 373.1 901.4 220.7 181.4 6.4 345.7 636.1 1.4 34.7 32.6 0.7 2014.3 388.0 43.3 3406.7 803.6 593.0 852.5 823.4 12.1 36.9 18.2 113.3 

Yadkin Co 40.0 1.2 7.0 3.5 2.5 0.0 113.7 105.3 0.2 10.2 9.8 0.3 1196.5 232.3 32.4 2219.8 541.4 1824.0 590.3 643.3 7.1 22.1 11.1 63.6 

Yancey Co 20.1 3.4 5.3 0.2 0.1 0.0 223.0 287.1 0.7 14.7 13.5 0.2 828.2 158.4 31.3 1130.1 360.2 70.7 154.0 137.6 1.7 5.2 2.6 16.7 

Emissions Preparations & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

 Appendix D.3 - 9 

December 17, 2007
Table 4. Typical 2002 BaseG2 Annual Emission Summary for VISTAS States (tons) 

Point Non-road Area Mobile 

State VOC NOx SO2 PM10 PM2.5 NH3 VOC NOx SO2 PM10 PM2.5 NH3 VOC NOx SO2 PM10 PM2.5 NH3 VOC NOx SO2 PM10 PM2.5 NH3 

AL 49332 244348 544309 32886 23291 2200 60487 65366 7584 4787 4787 33 209200 34900 54812 444259 101442 60275 127295 158212 6900 3903 2799 5588 

FL 40995 302833 518721 57244 46147 1657 272072 180627 20614 18281 18281 134 455828 48664 44619 541816 147633 40603 527209 465640 20915 11275 7868 18114 

GA 34401 196731 568726 32740 22333 3696 85965 97961 9005 8618 8618 60 333045 49987 60370 757656 159438 83066 283421 307732 12184 7246 5168 10546 

KY 46321 237209 518086 21327 14174 1000 44805 104571 14043 6425 6425 31 98713 40966 41941 240226 51763 51246 103503 156417 6308 3723 2697 5055 

MS 43852 104661 103389 21105 11044 1359 41081 88787 11315 5010 5010 23 145433 7528 871 358070 64080 58899 87672 111914 4614 2859 2112 3585 

NC 61484 196731 522093 36539 26953 1233 94480 84284 7693 7348 7348 65 250044 41517 5815 300838 83520 162183 263766 327329 12420 6579 4623 9702 

SC 38928 130394 259917 35542 27399 1553 55016 50249 4866 4152 4152 33 175665 24602 14087 287161 63802 29074 116163 140489 5972 3452 2501 4694 

TN 78230 221638 413735 49174 39511 1746 66450 96827 10441 6819 6819 43 151436 20063 29956 220789 50833 34368 179807 238577 9226 5371 3949 6625 

VA 43906 147301 305107 17212 12771 3231 74866 63219 8663 8728 8728 48 173901 52396 105989 255738 61350 44064 159790 222374 8294 4549 3102 7852 

WV 15775 277589 570154 22076 15523 453 18566 33239 2112 1850 1850 9 62627 13631 11683 118622 24289 9975 42174 58999 2464 1381 995 1908 

Table 5. 2009 BaseG2 Annual Emission Summary for VISTAS States (tons) 

Point Non-road Area Mobile 

State VOC NOx SO2 PM10 PM2.5 NH3 VOC NOx SO2 PM10 PM2.5 NH3 VOC NOx SO2 PM10 PM2.5 NH3 VOC NOx SO2 PM10 PM2.5 NH3 

AL 49117 151714 479298 32390 23151 2491 50249 56862 3471 4027 3776 36 170956 35831 50910 465666 105211 66318 76990 101831 810 3171 2032 6364 

FL 38790 132185 251566 48879 39856 3175 209543 163794 8967 15613 14866 148 471699 47979 40827 601700 153344 41773 340947 315840 2612 9911 6173 21781

GA 35758 148809 471432 40888 29813 4649 67686 85733 2725 7521 7175 68 306337 51925 60604 840245 169011 91439 195125 209349 1585 6072 3840 12687

KY 49155 129779 326611 23637 15965 1160 38558 94752 9180 5544 5203 34 97379 43548 43222 248844 52553 53115 73942 101182 759 2976 1920 5796 

MS 38151 92409 102143 24202 13976 1002 36197 80567 7191 4270 3985 25 139636 8048 982 373154 67173 63985 52107 70743 537 2275 1508 4035 

NC 62161 101236 284802 36007 26360 1730 74056 70997 1892 6055 5760 72 200873 45382 6281 315004 90729 170734 168676 201609 1503 5572 3493 11825

SC 36325 86934 172933 32765 25432 1921 43061 43235 1701 3471 3294 36 162152 25259 14411 307452 67567 31595 72603 92499 721 2862 1855 5523

TN 67470 124274 326067 49753 40171 1991 55358 86641 5651 5877 5557 48 151980 20717 30614 234285 52357 35222 115181 151912 1076 4206 2751 7782 VA 44504 117265 288213 18556 14055 3743 57009 54993 1707 7510 7136 53 146587 53596 106083 270648 61875 46798 96770 134232 1079 3747 2241 9086 

WV 15171 124359 333462 22747 15709 671 18069 30133 359 1640 1528 11 57472 14384 12300 118365 23903 10637 24843 35635 279 1068 684 2148 

Emissions Preparations & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

 Appendix D.3 - 10 

December 17, 2007
Table 6. 2018 BaseG2 Annual Emission Summary for VISTAS States (tons)

Point Non-road Area Mobile 

State VOC NOx SO2 PM10 PM2.5 NH3 VOC NOx SO2 PM10 PM2.5 NH3 VOC NOx SO2 PM10 PM2.5 NH3 VOC NOx SO2 PM10 PM2.5 NH3 

AL 55911 141178 249006 37309 26978 3497 40407 43799 2818 3041 2835 42 181116 36945 52950 497924 108892 73969 49175 47298 720 2410 1192 7298 

FL 44715 110243 214247 55811 45761 4494 183452 127885 7536 12497 11868 171 541502 50499 42445 676986 161210 43590 222303 150180 2533 8268 4038 26163

GA 41290 125083 134394 45360 33642 6473 56761 64579 1709 6015 5730 79 353224 55518 62636 944009 180697 102112 109763 102179 1457 4844 2380 14873

KY 57205 100774 251907 26347 17806 1337 30920 79392 8592 4556 4256 40 106827 45806 44322 262719 53955 55321 47066 52263 763 2580 1272 7811 

MS 46393 71988 54364 29866 17592 1309 28842 68252 6638 3452 3203 29 154882 8322 986 392507 68891 70194 31616 30619 440 1624 819 4566 

NC 71247 94276 148972 48354 37789 2073 61327 49046 905 4298 4069 83 203132 49514 6674 338872 93406 181333 101099 87791 1481 4392 2123 14065

SC 44516 94089 140779 43249 35540 2357 36131 31758 1198 2617 2474 41 177272 26491 14817 333404 70274 34536 46301 43490 643 2184 1087 6473

TN 84459 93443 189572 57258 46214 2356 45084 70226 5207 4672 4403 55 177683 21810 31993 254244 54784 36239 67324 69385 948 3092 1544 9021

VA 54107 116560 178300 28617 23351 4157 49052 40393 507 6208 5891 61 150174 57137 109479 293512 64058 50335 61964 63342 1043 3212 1543 10624

WV 17947 94536 168125 28079 20159 590 14086 25710 56 1292 1198 13 62931 15773 12865 124825 24729 11516 16121 17247 253 819 405 2497 

Emissions Preparations & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

 Appendix D.3 - 11 

December 17, 2007
Annual NOx Emissions by Source Sector

0

800,000600,000400,000200,000

1,200,0001,000,000

AL FL GA KY MS NC SC TN VA WV

Tons per year

FIRESAREANONROADONROADNONEGUEGU

2002 Actual EGU and Fires

2002 Typical EGU and Fires

2009

2018

Emissions Preparations & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

 Appendix D.3 - 12 

December 17, 2007
Annual VOC Emissions by Source Sector

0

800,000600,000400,000200,000

1,400,0001,200,0001,000,000

AL FL GA KY MS NC SC TN VA WV

Tons per year

FIRESAREANONROADONROADNONEGUEGU

2002 Actual EGU and Fires

2002 Typical EGU and Fires

2009

2018

Emissions Preparations & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

 Appendix D.3 - 13 

December 17, 2007
Annual SO2 Emissions by Source Sector

0

700,000600,000500,000400,000300,000200,000100,000

AL FL GA KY MS NC SC TN VA WV

Tons per year

FIRESAREANONROADONROADNONEGUEGU

2002 Actual EGU and Fires

2002 Typical EGU and Fires

2009

2018

Emissions Preparations & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

 Appendix D.3 - 14 

December 17, 2007
Annual PM10 Emissions by Source Sector

0

800,000600,000400,000200,000

1,200,0001,000,000

AL FL GA KY MS NC SC TN VA WV

Tons per year

FIRESAREANONROADONROADNONEGUEGU

2002 Actual EGU and Fires

2002 Typical EGU and Fires

2009

2018

Emissions Preparations & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

 Appendix D.3 - 15 

December 17, 2007
Annual PM2.5 Emissions by Source Sector

0

50,000

250,000200,000150,000100,000

AL FL GA KY MS NC SC TN VA WV

Tons per year

FIRESAREANONROADONROADNONEGUEGU

2002 Actual EGU and Fires

2002 Typical EGU and Fires

2009

2018

Emissions Preparations & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

 Appendix D.3 - 16 

December 17, 2007
Annual NH3 Emissions by Source Sector

0

50,000

250,000200,000150,000100,000

AL FL GA KY MS NC SC TN VA WV

Tons per year

FIRESAREANONROADONROADNONEGUEGU

2002 Actual EGU and Fires

2002 Typical EGU and Fires

2009

2018

Emissions Preparations & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

 Appendix D.3 - 17 

December 17, 2007
Appendix D.4 

Emissions Modeling Documentation 
Appendix D.4a 

Emissions Modeling Documentation 
Background 

The Sparse Matrix Operator Kernel Emissions (SMOKE) modeling system is an 

emissions modeling system that generates hourly gridded speciated emission inputs of 

mobile, nonroad mobile, area, point, fire and biogenic emission sources for 

photochemical grid models. SMOKE is the fastest emissions processing tool currently 

available to the air quality modeling community. The sparse matrix approach utilized 

throughout SMOKE permits both rapid and flexible processing of emissions data. The 

processing is rapid because SMOKE utilizes a series of matrix calculations instead of less 

efficient algorithms used in previous systems. The processing is flexible because the 

processing steps of temporal projection, controls, chemical speciation, temporal 

allocation, and spatial allocation have been separated into independent operations 

wherever possible. The results from these steps are merged together at a final stage of 

processing. Each of these emissions processing steps are detailed below. 

Temporal Allocation 

VISTAS 2002, 2009 and 2018 annual emissions modeling was configured to generate 

point, area, nonroad mobile, on-road mobile, and biogenic source emissions. In addition, 

certain subcategories, such as fires and EGUs were maintained in separate source 

category files in order to allow maximum flexibility in producing alternate strategies. 

With the exception of biogenic and on-road mobile source emissions that are generated 

using the BEIS and MOBILE6 modules in SMOKE, pre-computed annual emissions 

were processed using the month, day, and hour specific temporal profiles of the SMOKE 

model. Point and biogenic sources were modeled for each day of the annual period while 

area and nonroad sources were modeled as a block of Thursday, Friday, Saturday, 

Sunday, Monday, one per month (total of 60 days modeled). 

VISTAS based its temporal profiles and source category cross-reference files on the 

USEPA CAIR/CAMR/CAVR modeling platform with files located on USEPA’s CAIR 

file transfer website (ftp://www.airmodelingftp.com/). Modifications were made to reflect 

State specific profiles or updated state of knowledge application of these profiles. Some 

of these changes included the reallocation of North Carolina NONROAD generated 

emission categories to a regional set of temporal profiles more consistent with the 

operation of these source types in the State. Additionally, EGU CEM-based temporal 

profiles and onroad emissions modeling were prepared in manners deviating from 

USEPA’s original CAIR platform. 

New temporal profiles used by VISTAS during modeling of the 2002, 2009 and 2018 

EGU emissions took the place of USEPA provided default temporal profiles that are 

generally accepted as not accurately depicting temporal distribution of emissions from 

EGUs in the U.S. (see Attachment 1 by Stella et. al.). VISTAS EGU temporal profiles 

were developed using hourly CEM data as reported to USEPA’s Clean Air Market’s 

Division (CAMD) for the Acid Rain Program. 

Emissions Preparation & Results 

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 Appendix D.4a - 1 

December 17, 2007
The work conducted in this process had the main objective of developing temporal 

profiles for VISTAS EGUs necessary to apply in the generation of SMOKE PTHOUR 

formatted emissions. Additionally, State-level monthly, day-of-week, and diurnal 

profiles were developed for application to non-CEM matched units in the VISTAS 

emissions inventory. These temporal distributions represent a significant improvement 

over the USEPA defaults.

On-road mobile modeling in SMOKE was done for selected weeks (seven days) of each 

month - using these days as a “representative week” of the entire month. This selection 

allows for the representation of day-of-the-week variability in the on-road motor vehicles, 

and models a representation of the meteorological variability in each month. The 

modeled weeks were selected from mid-month, avoiding inclusion of major holidays. 

Holidays were modeled as the Sunday of the representative week, while the day after a 

holiday was modeled as a Monday. VISTAS executed sensitivity tests to examine this 

“representative week” methodology versus an everyday on-road mobile modeling 

method. VISTAS determined that the use of representative week on-road mobile 

emissions produced ozone and particulate matter concentrations (and thus regional haze) 

that were nearly indistinguishable from the “everyday” mobile method. VISTAS 

determined that the difference in the modeled air quality - resulting from the on-road 

mobile modeling methods - was insignificant. For more information on this study see 

Attachment 2 by Abraczinskas et. al. 

On-road mobile emissions are represented by the following weeks per month:

 January 15-21 

 February 12-18 

 March 12-18 

 April16-22 

 May 14-20 

 June 11-17 

 July 16-22 

August 13-19 

September 17-23 

October 15-21 

November 12-18 

December 17-23 

Speciation 

Speciation is the process of disaggregating inventory pollutants into individual chemical 

species components or groups of species. The need for speciation is determined by the 

inventory purpose. Inventory applications that require detailed speciation include 

photochemical modeling, air toxics inventories, chemical mass balance modeling, and 

visibility modeling. 

Depending on the purpose of a particular emissions inventory, the inventory may include 

TOG, NOx, sulfur oxides (SOx), CO, total suspended particulate matter (TSP), 

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

 Appendix D.4a - 2 

December 17, 2007
particulate matter less than 10 micrometers in aerodynamic diameter (PM10), or 

ammonia (NH3). However, modeling inventories may require these emissions to be 

expressed in terms of other pollutants. Additionally, for some models, NOx emissions 

may need to be specified as NO and NO2. Also, PM may need to be separated into 

various fractions, such as PM10 and PM less than 2.5 micrometers in aerodynamic 

diameter (PM2.5). 

SMOKE was configured to speciate the emissions estimates according to the 

requirements of the Carbon Bond Mechanism version four (CBM-IV, CB-IV or CB4). 

The SMOKE model reformats the emissions estimates for use in CMAQ modeling based 

on source category code (SCC) and speciation profile cross-reference files. The 

speciation profiles and source category cross-references use in VISTAS modeling are 

based on USEPA’s CAIR/CAVR/CAMR modeling platform with files located on 

USEPA’s CAIR file transfer website (ftp://www.airmodelingftp.com/). Minor 

modifications were made to reflect State specific profiles or updated state of knowledge 

application of these profiles. One major change made in the VISTAS modeling was the 

modification of coal combustion cross-reference from speciation profile “NCOAL” to 

profile “22001.”

Spatial Allocation 

Because air quality modeling strives to replicate the actual physical and chemical 

processes that occur in an inventory domain, it is important that the physical location of 

emissions be determined as accurately as possible. In an ideal situation, the physical 

location of all emissions would be known exactly. In reality, however, the spatial 

allocation of emissions in a modeling inventory only approximates the actual location of 

emissions. 

Gridding surrogates are used to spatially allocate emission sources from a coarse 

geographic area to finer grid cells used for modeling. There can be hundreds of unique 

source categories in an emissions inventory, which is typically developed for counties, 

states, or other areas. The exact location of most major emission sources is known and 

their geographic coordinates are usually contained in the inventory. These usually are 

referred to as major point sources and include electric utilities and major industrial 

facilities. However, other emission sources are estimated for the entire county or other 

area as an aggregate since the exact locations of each source are not included in the 

modeling inventory. Surrogates are human activities or land use information that are 

used to represent a more precise location of emission source category groups. A gridded 

surrogate ratio is the ratio of the amount of a surrogate in a modeling grid cell to the total 

amount of that surrogate in a county. Grid cell emissions are calculated by multiplying 

the cell’s gridded surrogate ratio by the county emissions. 

These surrogates and their associated SCC cross-references were originally developed by 

USEPA (http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/emch/spatial/newsurrogate.html) and converted to 

the gridded domain definitions of the VISTAS model requirements.

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

 Appendix D.4a - 3 

December 17, 2007
Development of Gridded Surrogate Files 

The general process for creating the SMOKE-ready gridded surrogate files from the 

ArcGIS shape files is as follows: 

1. Overlay the grid on the surrogates. Generate the grid polygons (36/12km) with the 

specifications of the VISTAS domain and spatially overlay (intersect) the grid onto the 

surrogate area polygons or points. The resulting geodatabase contains, for each 

surrogate, the county FIPS code, the grid column and row number, and the amount (area, 

miles or count) of the county’s portion of the surrogate in that cell. 

2. Extract and convert each geodatabase table to a useful dataset. Each table contains the 

gridded area, miles or count in each county for a specific surrogate. The variables 

include FIPS code, column number, row number and area, miles or count. 

3. Calculate surrogate ratios. Surrogate ratios are calculated for each surrogate using a 

series of program files. The programs sum the surrogates for each county and calculate 

each the ratio by dividing the county cell surrogate value by the total county surrogate 

value. Combination surrogates where both are of the same type (i.e., Heavy and High 

Tech Industrial are both area) were summed prior to calculating the ratio. Combination 

surrogates with unlike data (i.e., 3/4 Roadway Miles plus 1/4 Population are line and area 

data) were summed after calculating the ratios and then normalized. The surrogate crossreference code was also assigned here. 

4. Gap-fill surrogates for counties missing data. There will be many instances where 

inventory emissions exist for a particular county but there is no data, for that county, for 

the surrogate assigned. For example, a county with class 1 locomotive emissions may not 

have data for the class 1 railroad surrogate. In this case we have selected to incorporate, 

within the assigned surrogate, a different source of data (a different surrogate) for that 

particular county. We incorporate secondary surrogates even if there is no emission 

source that requires it for that particular county. We denote this process as “gap-filling.” 

All surrogates resulting from the gap-filling process have ratios for all counties. 

For each surrogate, we assign a secondary or tertiary surrogate where needed for gap 

filling. For the class 1 railroad surrogate example mentioned above, we chose total 

railroads as the secondary surrogate. The secondary or tertiary surrogate chosen would 

be the same across all counties and apply to all SCCs that use the particular primary 

surrogate. We pull in and substitute the secondary surrogate for counties where the 

primary surrogate is missing. Tertiary surrogates will then be assigned to those counties 

that are still without surrogates. 

For identified counties having no values for each surrogate, we assign the data based on 

the appropriate secondary or tertiary surrogate to these counties. A check to see that 

surrogate ratios for each county sum to approximately 1.00 is also performed in our 

surrogate development. Ratios will not always sum exactly to 1.00 due to rounding. 

However, SMOKE will normalize surrogates greater than 1.00. 

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

 Appendix D.4a - 4 

December 17, 2007
5. Create SMOKE-formatted spatial surrogate files. The resulting data from the previous 

steps is then reconfigured into SMOKE-ready format and used in the spatial allocation 

process. 

Treatment of Large Fire Plume Rise 

Wildfire, agricultural, and prescribed burn emissions were handled separately from the 

standard area source input files. We used day specific or monthly estimates of fire 

emissions from VISTAS, which include burn acreage and biomass loading information 

for the VISTAS states. Depending on the completeness and quality of the data received, 

VISTAS-specific calculations were made to calculate spatial and temporal distributions 

of the fire emissions, rather than relying on standard distribution profiles. We calculated 

vertical distribution of the fire emissions, based on fire size and biomass involvement. 

SMOKE v2.1 can model fire plume rise when provided with the following variables: 

PTOP – Top of the fire plume profile (meters above ground level) 

PBOT – Bottom of the fire plume profile (meters above ground level) 

Lay1 – The percent of the emissions entrained in the first modeling layer 

For those fires as having the necessary data elements to site these files with distinct time 

and space coordinates, these variables were prepared and included in the modeling files 

used to process this emission source type. 

The WRAP Fire Emissions Joint Forum Emissions Inventory Report (see 

http://www.wrapair.org/forums/fejf/documents/WRAP_2002_PhII_EI_Report_20050722

.pdf) has documented an approach for calculating these plume descriptors. In this 

method, the fires are assigned to one of 5 size categories, based on the total burn acreage, 

and the biomass fuel loading. These categories are then used to calculate representative 

hourly plume profiles. These profiles are then used by SMOKE 2.1 to distribute the 

vertical emissions for the fires. To successfully model fires as elevated point sources, the 

data included both the day or days on which the fire occurs, and a spatial identifier of the 

fire location.

Quality Assurance

The Quality Assurance (QA) is one of the most important steps in performing an air 

quality modeling study. Because emissions inventory development is tedious, time 

consuming and involves complex manipulation of many different types of large data sets, 

errors are frequently made and, if rigorous QA measures are not in place, these errors 

may remain undetected. 

A number of QA files were prepared and used to check for gross errors in the emissions 

inputs. Importing the model-ready emissions into PAVE and looking at both the spatial 

and temporal distribution of the emission provides insight into the quality and accuracy 

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

 Appendix D.4a - 5 

December 17, 2007
of the emissions inputs. Some of the additional steps for checking the emissions are 

summarized in the bulleted list below. 

• Visualizing the model-ready emissions with the scale of the plots set to a very low 

value, we can determine whether there are areas omitted from the raw inventory 

or if emissions sources are erroneously located in water cells. 

• Spot-check the holiday emissions files to confirm that they are temporally 

allocated like Sundays. 

• Producing pie charts emission summaries that highlight the contribution of each 

emissions source component (e.g. nonroad mobile). 

• Normalizing the emissions by population for each state will illustrate where the 

inventories may be deficient and provide a reality check of the inventories. 

• Spot check vertical allocation of point sources using PAVE. 

State inventory summaries prepared prior to the emissions processing were compared 

against SMOKE output report totals generated after each major step of the emissions 

generation process. 

For speciation, a comparison of the inventory state totals versus the same state totals with 

the speciation matrix applied was completed. 

For checking the vertical allocation of the emissions, reports by source, hour, and layer 

for randomly selected states in the domain were created. These reports were created for a 

representative weekday in each of the episodes for each of these selected states. 

The quantitative QA analyses often reveal significant deficiencies in the input data or the 

model setup. It may become necessary to tailor these procedures to track down the 

source of each major problem. As such, we will only outline the basic quantitative QA 

steps that were performed in an attempt to reveal the underlying problems with the 

inventories or processing. 

Following are some of the reports that were generated to review the processed emissions: 

• State and county totals from inventory for each source category 

o (example provided in Table 1 below for Area sources) 

• State and county totals after spatial allocation for each source category 

• State and county totals by day after temporal allocation for each source category 

for representative days 

• State and county totals by model species after chemical speciation for each source 

category 

• State and county model-ready totals (after spatial allocation, temporal allocation, 

and chemical speciation) for each source category and for all source categories 

combined 

• If elevated source selection is chosen by user, the report indicating which sources 

have been selected as elevated and plume-in-grid will be included. 

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

 Appendix D.4a - 6 

December 17, 2007
• Totals by source category code (SCC) from the inventory for area, mobile, and 

point sources 

• Totals by state and SCC from the inventory for area, mobile, and point sources 

• Totals by county and SCC from the inventory for area, mobile, and point sources 

• Totals by SCC and spatial surrogates code for area and mobile sources 

• Totals by speciation profile code for area, mobile, and point sources 

• Totals by speciation profile code and SCC for area, mobile, and point sources 

• Totals by monthly temporal profile code for area, mobile, and point sources 

• Totals by monthly temporal profile code and SCC for area, mobile, and point 

sources 

• Totals by weekly temporal profile code for area, mobile, and point sources 

• Totals by weekly temporal profile code and SCC for area, mobile, and point 

sources 

• Totals by diurnal temporal profile code for area, mobile, and point sources 

• Totals by diurnal temporal profile code and SCC for area, mobile, and point 

sources 

• PAVE plots of gridded inventory pollutants for all pollutants for area, mobile, and 

point sources

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

 Appendix D.4a - 7 

December 17, 2007
Table 1. Example of a State totals report for Area Sources 

Stationary area

Processed as Area sources

Base inventory year 2018

No gridding matrix applied

No speciation matrix applied

Temporal factors applied for episode from

 Thursday July 18, 2002 at 000000 to

 Thursday July 18, 2002 at 230000

Annual total data basis in report

Date Region State CO NOX VOC NH3 SO2 PM10 PM2_5 PMC

 [tons/day] [tons/day] [tons/day] [tons/day] [tons/day] [tons/day] [tons/day] [tons/day]

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 07/18/2002 1000 Alabama 5.21E+01 2.19E+01 3.88E+02 2.16E+02 9.34E+01 3.66E+01 2.52E+01 1.14E+01

 07/18/2002 4000 Arizona 4.34E+02 1.94E+02 3.55E+02 1.22E+02 1.01E+01 5.17E+01 4.84E+01 3.24E+00

 07/18/2002 5000 Arkansas 4.48E+02 6.06E+01 2.14E+02 4.51E+02 7.90E+01 7.08E+01 6.25E+01 8.30E+00

 07/18/2002 6000 California 8.67E+02 3.73E+02 1.48E+03 9.55E+02 2.65E+01 2.71E+02 2.18E+02 5.26E+01

 07/18/2002 8000 Colorado 9.01E+00 1.01E+01 1.83E+02 2.16E+02 2.80E+00 2.39E+00 2.30E+00 9.67E-02

 07/18/2002 9000 Connecticu 6.37E+00 1.05E+01 1.18E+02 1.99E+01 5.39E-01 3.81E+00 3.54E+00 2.69E-01

 07/18/2002 10000 Delaware 6.56E+00 4.74E+00 2.36E+01 6.12E+01 1.48E+00 7.90E+00 2.75E+00 5.15E+00

 07/18/2002 11000 District of C 1.74E+00 1.99E+00 1.33E+01 2.68E-02 2.32E+00 9.36E-01 8.92E-01 4.37E-02

 07/18/2002 12000 Florida 1.14E+02 8.36E+01 1.35E+03 1.08E+02 1.36E+02 3.07E+01 2.56E+01 5.03E+00

 07/18/2002 13000 Georgia 1.63E+02 8.88E+01 8.71E+02 3.11E+02 1.68E+02 6.60E+01 5.05E+01 1.55E+01

 07/18/2002 16000 Idaho 1.06E+02 1.32E+02 7.85E+02 2.00E+02 2.93E+00 9.50E+01 6.70E+01 2.81E+01

 07/18/2002 17000 Illinois 8.25E+01 6.82E+01 5.73E+02 2.14E+02 1.50E+01 2.69E+01 2.40E+01 4.38E+00

 07/18/2002 18000 Indiana 1.27E+02 6.27E+01 5.45E+02 2.69E+02 1.58E+02 1.56E+02 8.07E+01 7.51E+01

 07/18/2002 19000 Iowa 4.81E+01 6.41E+00 3.07E+02 7.24E+02 2.23E+00 1.86E+01 1.65E+01 2.19E+00

 07/18/2002 20000 Kansas 2.26E+03 1.09E+02 3.71E+02 2.32E+02 3.86E+01 2.86E+02 2.19E+02 6.72E+01

 07/18/2002 21000 Kentucky 8.95E+01 1.21E+02 2.70E+02 1.24E+02 1.02E+02 3.00E+01 2.55E+01 4.50E+00

 07/18/2002 22000 Louisiana 1.66E+03 3.31E+02 3.21E+02 2.24E+02 2.51E+02 1.93E+02 1.65E+02 2.81E+01

 07/18/2002 23000 Maine 2.74E+01 7.23E+00 1.21E+02 3.06E+01 1.53E+01 1.19E+01 1.09E+01 1.04E+00

 07/18/2002 24000 Maryland 2.49E+02 2.66E+01 2.06E+02 9.56E+01 2.21E+01 3.43E+01 3.31E+01 1.14E+00

 07/18/2002 25000 Massachus 9.95E+01 6.14E+01 2.80E+02 3.87E+01 3.46E+01 5.01E+01 4.36E+01 6.46E+00

 07/18/2002 26000 Michigan 4.64E+01 5.89E+01 5.22E+02 1.39E+02 1.06E+02 1.98E+01 8.99E+00 1.08E+01

 07/18/2002 27000 Minnesota 1.80E+02 1.41E+02 4.52E+02 3.66E+02 3.55E+01 4.87E+01 4.19E+01 6.78E+00

 07/18/2002 28000 Mississippi 4.91E+00 3.25E+00 3.41E+02 1.76E+02 7.73E-01 5.19E+00 1.50E+00 3.69E+00

 07/18/2002 29000 Missouri 2.32E+02 7.43E+01 4.40E+02 3.90E+02 1.24E+02 6.70E+01 5.39E+01 1.31E+01

 07/18/2002 30000 Montana 4.60E+01 3.25E+01 1.02E+02 9.16E+01 2.63E+00 8.46E+00 7.97E+00 4.88E-01

 07/18/2002 31000 Nebraska 1.38E+02 4.25E+01 2.07E+02 3.43E+02 2.68E+01 2.20E+01 1.80E+01 4.06E+00

 07/18/2002 32000 Nevada 1.44E+02 1.95E+01 1.35E+02 2.41E+01 8.17E+00 1.77E+01 1.71E+01 6.02E-01

 07/18/2002 33000 New Hamp 3.82E+01 2.61E+01 8.11E+01 7.21E+00 7.62E+00 2.30E+01 2.06E+01 2.40E+00

 07/18/2002 34000 New Jersey 1.45E+01 2.24E+01 2.70E+02 5.55E+01 8.55E+00 1.94E+01 9.83E+00 9.72E+00

 07/18/2002 35000 New Mexic 8.55E+01 7.68E+01 1.48E+02 1.37E+02 1.78E+01 1.52E+01 1.37E+01 1.55E+00

 07/18/2002 36000 New York 7.14E+01 1.15E+02 7.02E+02 2.64E+02 2.28E+02 9.92E+01 4.78E+01 5.14E+01

 07/18/2002 37000 North Caro 1.08E+03 1.12E+02 4.50E+02 5.32E+02 1.63E+01 1.97E+01 1.53E+01 4.51E+00

 07/18/2002 38000 North Dako 1.80E+01 5.18E+01 1.28E+02 1.25E+02 1.43E+02 7.04E+00 3.74E+00 3.30E+00

 07/18/2002 39000 Ohio 4.02E+01 5.19E+01 6.51E+02 2.81E+02 3.48E+01 5.26E+00 4.70E+00 5.61E-01

 07/18/2002 40000 Oklahoma 1.00E+03 3.38E+02 5.98E+02 3.30E+02 3.23E+01 1.48E+02 1.18E+02 2.97E+01

 07/18/2002 41000 Oregon 1.77E+02 5.42E+01 5.19E+02 9.80E+01 5.96E+01 7.30E+01 6.81E+01 4.93E+00

 07/18/2002 42000 Pennsylvan 3.47E+02 5.72E+01 5.80E+02 3.18E+02 7.39E+01 7.30E+01 5.08E+01 2.22E+01

 07/18/2002 44000 Rhode Isla 1.11E+01 5.57E+00 1.29E+02 2.85E+00 5.43E+00 2.17E+00 2.00E+00 1.65E-01

 07/18/2002 45000 South Caro 1.23E+02 5.25E+01 3.95E+02 9.36E+01 3.12E+01 2.27E+01 1.95E+01 3.20E+00

 07/18/2002 46000 South Dako 1.73E+01 1.43E+01 8.98E+01 2.69E+02 5.49E+01 5.92E+00 4.44E+00 1.48E+00

 07/18/2002 47000 Tennessee 8.91E+01 3.53E+01 4.42E+02 8.82E+01 7.95E+01 3.51E+01 2.80E+01 7.16E+00

 07/18/2002 48000 Texas 1.71E+03 2.24E+02 1.18E+03 8.96E+02 1.87E+01 1.96E+02 1.65E+02 3.32E+01

 07/18/2002 49000 Utah 1.99E+02 5.54E+01 1.62E+02 9.43E+01 2.39E+01 2.68E+01 2.54E+01 1.41E+00

 07/18/2002 50000 Vermont 3.95E+01 4.55E+00 3.79E+01 4.14E+01 1.05E+01 6.09E+00 5.48E+00 6.09E-01

 07/18/2002 51000 Virginia 1.98E+02 1.26E+02 3.34E+02 1.40E+02 2.87E+01 5.71E+01 2.31E+01 3.40E+01

 07/18/2002 53000 Washingto 3.64E+02 4.41E+01 3.26E+02 1.21E+02 4.90E+00 6.00E+01 5.81E+01 1.92E+00

 07/18/2002 54000 West Virgin 3.84E+01 3.07E+01 1.57E+02 3.65E+01 3.15E+01 1.56E+01 1.36E+01 2.03E+00

 07/18/2002 55000 Wisconsin 8.57E+01 3.00E+01 4.35E+02 3.56E+02 9.08E+00 1.62E+01 1.49E+01 1.30E+00

 07/18/2002 56000 Wyoming 5.24E+01 2.14E+02 4.57E+01 6.93E+01 3.83E+01 7.36E+00 6.09E+00 1.27E+00

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

 Appendix D.4a - 8 

December 17, 2007
Additional State QA Procedures 

Once the on-road mobile SMOKE outputs were acquired by NCDAQ, a number of 

metrics were generated to further QA and summarize the emissions. Those included: 

• County emissions totals, bar charts to visually examine whether the counties with 

the highest emissions are consistent with what was expected from county VMT 

distribution. (example provided in Figure 1) 

• County emissions by SCC code (vehicle and facility) were examined with pie 

charts to ensure distribution of emissions by vehicle type fits the conceptual 

model. 

• PAVE plots were generated to check to ensure emissions where showing up in all 

counties in NC. Scale was lowered to make sure no emissions were omitted. 

• PAVE plots were animated over a 24-hr period to ensure diurnal changes in 

emissions were as they should be. 

• PAVE plots were visually inspected to make sure emissions were highest/lowest 

in logical places. 

The following QA checks were performed both together and separate for EGU and nonEGU point sources: 

• Data product summaries and raw NIF 3.0 data files were examined. 

• County emissions totals were examined to assure the counties with the highest 

emissions were consistent with what was expected. 

• PAVE plots were generated to check to ensure emissions where showing up in all 

counties in NC. Scale was lowered to make sure no emissions were omitted. 

• PAVE plots were animated over a 24-hr period to ensure diurnal changes in 

emissions were as they should be. 

• PAVE plots were visually inspected to make sure emissions were highest/lowest 

in logical places. 

• Errors detected in earlier model runs were rechecked with each successive model 

run to assure their correction was carried forward in subsequent runs. 

• NIF files were examined to identify problems with latitude and longitude, as well 

as, stack parameters. 

• Parsed files were examined (i.e., Excel spreadsheets that provide unit-level results 

derived from the model plant projections obtained by the IPM) for accuracy. 

• Facility level emission summaries for 2018 were examined for both the base case 

and CAIR case to ensure that emissions were consistent and that there were no 

missing sources. 

• Emissions and controls for Duke Energy and Progress Energy were compared to 

their latest updated plans for complying with North Carolina’s Clean Smokestack 

Act. (These plans varied substantially from the IPM results both in terms of 

current and future controls and timing of these controls. As a result, NCDAQ 

replaced the IPM emission projections for 2009 with projections from the Duke 

Energy and Progress Energy compliance plans. NCDAQ elected to use the IPM 

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

 Appendix D.4a - 9 

December 17, 2007
results for 2018, with the exception of Duke Lee 3, for which IPM imposed a 

scrubber that will not exist. This scrubber was removed from the final run.) 

• Ensured that stack parameters were modified appropriately and where necessary 

at facilities where new controls are scheduled to be installed. 

• Input files were examined to assure there were no double counted facilities 

(example would be if a facility was known by two different names and counted 

under each). 

Typical fire emissions SMOKE output in the VISTAS states were acquired by NCDAQ 

from Alpine Geophysics. The plots and summary reports for these area source fire 

emissions were spot-checked for QA and included: 

• County emissions totals and County emissions by SCC code, were visually 

examine whether the counties with the highest emissions are consistent with what 

was expected. 

• PAVE plots were generated to check to ensure emissions where showing up in all 

counties in NC. Scale was lowered to make sure no emissions were omitted. 

• PAVE plots were animated over a 24-hr period to ensure diurnal changes in 

emissions were as they should be. 

• PAVE plots were visually inspected to make sure emissions were highest/lowest 

in logical places. 

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4a - 10 

December 17, 2007
Figure 1. Example of a bar chart showing county total NOx emissions. 

NC NOx Emissions by County

0.0

5.0

10.0

15.0

20.0

25.0

30.0

35.0

40.0

45.0

 Alamance Co 

 Anson Co 

 Beaufort Co 

 Brunswick Co 

 Cabarrus Co 

 Carteret Co 

 Chatham Co 

 Clay Co 

 Craven Co 

 Dare Co 

 Duplin Co 

 Forsyth Co 

 Gates Co 

 Greene Co 

 Harnett Co 

 Hertford Co 

 Iredell Co 

 Jones Co 

 Lincoln Co 

 Madison Co 

 Mitchell Co 

 Nash Co 

 Onslow Co 

 Pasquotank Co 

 Person Co 

 Randolph Co 

 Rockingham Co 

 Sampson Co 

 Stokes Co 

 Transylvania Co 

 Vance Co 

 Washington Co 

 Wilkes Co 

 Yancey Co 

tons/day

NOx

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4a - 11 

December 17, 2007
Appendix D.4b 

Temporal Profile Development for 

Electric Generating Units 
Atmospheric Sciences Group 

 387 Pollard Mine Road, Burnsville, NC 28714 828.675.9045

Development of Temporal Profiles for Electric Generating Units 

(EGUs) In the VISTAS States:

Final Technical Memorandum

Prepared for:

Pat Brewer

VISTAS Technical Coordinator

2090 US Highway 70

Swannanoa, NC 28778 

Prepared by:

Gregory Stella

Alpine Geophysics, LLC

387 Pollard Mine Road

Burnsville, NC 28714

27 February 2006

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

 Appendix D.4b - 1 

December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group 

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

 Appendix D.4b - 2 

December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1.0 Introduction.......................................................................................................................................................................1

2.0 Data Obtained....................................................................................................................................................................1

2.1. Source of Information ................................................................................................................................................1

2.2. File Contents................................................................................................................................................................2

2.3. Quality Control / Quality Assurance........................................................................................................................2

3.0 Inventory Matching..........................................................................................................................................................2

4.0 Assumptions and Calculations.......................................................................................................................................3

4.1. Profile Calculations.....................................................................................................................................................3

4.1.1. Actual 2002 Profiles..............................................................................................................................................4

4.1.2. Typical EGU Profiles..........................................................................................................................................10

5.0 Application of Factors ...................................................................................................................................................14

Appendix A Actual 2002 State Level Monthly Profiles [Tabular]

Appendix B Actual 2002 State Level Monthly Profiles [Graphical]

Appendix C Actual 2002 State Level Monthly-Day of Week Profiles [Tabular]

Appendix D Actual 2002 State Level Monthly-Diurnal Profiles [Tabular]

Appendix E Average 2000-2004 State Level Monthly Profiles [Tabular]

Appendix F Average 2000-2004 State Level Monthly Profiles [Graphical]

Appendix G Average 2000-2004 State Level Monthly-Day of Week Profiles [Tabular]

Appendix H Average 2000-2004 State Level Monthly-Diurnal Profiles [Tabular]

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

 Appendix D.4b - 3 

December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group 

1

1.0 Introduction

The objective of this analysis was to develop temporal profiles for EGUs in the VISTAS states (AL, GA, FL, KY, 

MS, NC, SC, TN, VA, and WV). These temporal profiles will be used by the VISTAS Emissions and Air Quality 

Modeling Team during modeling of the VISTAS 2002 and 2018 EGU emissions, in place of SMOKE default 

temporal profiles that are accepted to not accurately depict temporal distribution of emissions from EGUs in the U.S. 

VISTAS EGU temporal profiles were developed using hourly CEM data as reported to EPA’s Clean Air Market’s 

Division (CAMD) for the Acid Rain Program.

This technical memorandum describes the work conducted by Alpine Geophysics (Alpine) in order to assist 

VISTAS in this task with the main objective of developing temporal profiles for VISTAS EGUs necessary to apply 

in the generation of SMOKE PTHOUR formatted emissions. Additionally, State-level monthly, day-of-week, and 

diurnal profiles were developed for application to non-CEM matched units in the VISTAS emissions inventory. 

These temporal distributions represent a significant improvement over the SMOKE defaults, and will be used for 

both actual 2002 and “typical” 2002 and 2018 modeling. 

Two sets of monthly profiles were developed by Alpine:

1. Profiles based solely on actual 2002 CEM-based data at the state level. The 2002-only profiles are intended to 

be used by VISTAS in developing model performance evaluation metrics necessary for configuring air quality 

models in attainment demonstration analyses.

2. Profiles based on historical averages of 2000 through 2004 CEM-based data. These historical 2000-2004 

average profiles were developed and are recommended to be used to represent consistent “typical” operating 

conditions at EGUs in the VISTAS domain for the base year and future year emission estimates.

Analyses conducted by Alpine Geophysics indicate an added benefit to the modeling results with the application of 

CEM-based day-of-week and diurnal profiles, in addition to the monthly profiles for each state. As part of this 

analysis, specific day-of-week (Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, etc.) and diurnal profiles were developed for each 

month and State to better represent operating conditions at units within each State. The day of week and diurnal 

profiles were developed from averages of CEM -based emissions and heat input activity occurring on that day-ofweek or during that hour-of-day. These profiles are intended to be applied to units were CEM matches cannot be 

made to VISTAS emission inventories.

2.0 Data Obtained

2.1. Source of Information

Five years (2000 through 2004) of hourly CEM information fro m EPA=s CAMD website were obtained for each unit 

in the VISTAS states1. The “Prepackaged Data” option allows the download of files containing emissions data for a 

specific state, quarter or month, and year. Each prepackaged data file is in .csv (comma delimited) format and 

contains the following fields: State, Facility Name, Facility ID (ORISPL), Unit ID, Date, Hour, SO2 Emissions (lbs), 

CO2 Emissions (tons), NOx Emissions Rate (lb/mmBtu), NOx Emissions (lbs), Heat Input (mmBtu), Operating Time 

(hours), Gross Load (MW), and Steam Load (1000 lb/hr). For this analysis, we obtained the prepackaged monthly 

unit-level hourly emissions data by state and year. Using these data, we reformatted the files and quality assured for 

applicability to this analysis.

 

1

 http://cfpub.epa.gov/gdm/index.cfm?fuseaction=prepackaged.select

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

 Appendix D.4b - 4 

December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group 

2

2.2. File Contents

The reformatted files were prepared as identified in Table 1.

Table 1. CEM data file format.

Column Description

State State in which the facility is located.

Facility Name The name given by the owners and operators to a facility.

Facility ID (ORISPL) The unique six-digit facility identification number, also called an ORISPL, assigned by the Energy 

Information Administration, a component of the Department of Energy.

Unit ID

Each unit at a facility has a unique identification number. It is alphanumeric and may be from one to six 

characters in length. For utility units and other units that generate energy for sale, the unit ID used for 

Part 75 reporting is the same unit ID that appears in the National Allowance Database (NADB) (for Acid 

Rain Program units) or in the State's allowance allocation list.

Day Day on which a unit was operating.

Hour Hour on which a unit was operating.

Operating Hours Percent of hour in which a unit was operating.

Gross Load (MW) Gross load is the output of the unit as measured in megawatts.

Steam Load (1000 lb/hr) Steam load is the output of the unit as measured in 1000 lb/hr of steam.

SO2 Mass (lbs) SO2 released for the hour in pounds.

SO2 Mass Measurement Flag Indicates whether the value for SO2 mass was measured or derived due to missing data.

SO2 Rate (lbs/mmBtu) SO2 emissions rate in pounds per million British thermal units (lbs/mmBtu).

SO2 Rate Measurement Flag Indicates whether the value for SO2 rate was measured or derived due to missing data.

NOx Rate (lb/mmBtu) NOx emissions rate in pounds per million British thermal units (lbs/mmBtu).

NOx Rate Measurement Flag Indicates whether the value for NOx rate was measured or derived due to missing data.

NOx Mass (lbs) NOx released for the hour in pounds.

NOx Mass Measurement Flag Indicates whether the value for NOx mass was measured or derived due to missing data.

CO2 Mass (lbs) CO2 released for the hour in pounds.

CO2 Mass Measurement Flag Indicates whether the value for CO2 mass was measured or derived due to missing data.

CO2 Rate (lbs/mmBtu) CO2 emissions rate in pounds per million British thermal units (lbs/mmBtu).

CO2 Rate Measurement Flag Indicates whether the value for CO2 rate was measured or derived due to missing data.

Heat Input (mmBtu) Heat per hour as calculated by multiplying the quantity of fuel by the fuel's heat content.

2.3. Quality Control / Quality Assurance

Each file was reviewed to determine if NOx, SO2 and heat input values were represented for each hour of every day 

for each unit in the obtained data. Zero values were considered to be valid if operating time identifiers indicated no 

operation during that hour (e.g., data value of zero but operating hours greater than zero).

Using the measurement flags and field values in the reformatted files, numerous spot checks were made of 

anomalous or missing variable data to ensure that data corruption was not impacting the statistical analyses.

Additionally, each year’s hourly total of NOx, SO2, and heat input (per state) were summed and compared to EPA 

annual summaries of the same data elements.

When there were facilities or units with no emissions data or unit characteristics, we verified that these sources are 

not required to report emissions data or had not yet reported emissions data to EPA. In some cases, certain months 

or quarters of the year were blank for individual units or facilities and using EPA data caveat reports, we verified 

these units were not in operation during those times.

3.0 Inventory Matching

Prior to the development of the unit-specific SO2, NOx, and heat input ratios for each hour, the step of matching 

CEM units to the VISTAS 2002 modeling inventory started. Because naming convention and facility or unit 

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

 Appendix D.4b - 5 

December 17, 2007
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3

numbering can be unique at the Federal, State, local, or facility level, the step of matching existing units from an 

emissions inventory to the CEM data base proved to be more complicated than anticipated.

The VISTAS EGU emission inventory accounted for approximately 3.7 million tons of SO2 and 1.5 million tons of 

NOx in calendar year 2002. There were 861 units reporting to the CEM database in 2002 for the ten VISTAS States. 

The primary objective of the inventory matching steps was to account for as many units and tons as possible 

allowing for the unit-specific application of hourly temporal distribution profiles.

Under the direction of VISTAS, staff at MACTEC Engineering and Consulting, Inc. prepared comparisons of the 

VISTAS 2002 emission inventory of EGU sources to that of CEM-based emissions, heat input, and operating 

characteristics. For each unit identified as an EGU source in the VISTAS inventory, an attempt was made to match it 

to a CEM unit and associated data. 

Automated facility (ORIS) and unit identification was made for a majority of units who maintained the same 

numbering and nomenclature between the two data sets. This first computerized step captured the majority of 

emissions by matching some of the largest units in the VISTAS domain. The remaining steps were followed in order 

to match the outstanding facilities and emissions as reported by VISTAS States in the 2002 emission inventory.

MACTEC developed county-level reports of the remaining unmatched facilities and units from the VISTAS 

inventory and made comparisons of annual emissions of SO2 and NOx to the CEM-based SO2 and NOx for sources 

also identified within the same county. This step of the matching process allowed an incremental amount of 

emissions and units to be accounted for and assigned unit-specific profiles for model performance evaluation.

Finally, remaining VISTAS inventory and CEM sources were manually compared to each other in an effort to 

determine if reporting errors in State or county codes or facility or unit identification codes accounted for this 

reminder of unmatched sources. These manual matches were confirmed or revised with VISTAS State and

stakeholder participation and input. With this step, a few sources were identified to have facility identification 

changes or misreported county codes preventing automated matching from occurring and corrected for the final 

application of factors.

Once all methods of comparison were exhausted, the remaining unmatched VISTAS emission inventory of EGU 

sources was excluded from the unit-specific profile assignment steps and was allocated more generalized facility or 

State temporal profiles as described in the following section.

This inventory comparison process allowed for the match of over 650 of the 861 CEM identified units (76%) to the 

VISTAS EGU emission inventory for 2002. More importantly, however, was the match of 99.95 percent of the SO2 

emissions and over 99.4 percent of the NOx emissions from these sources in the VISTAS domain.

4.0 Assumptions and Calculations

4.1. Profile Calculations

Two sets of profile types have been developed for modeling EGU emissions within the VISTAS domain. The first 

set are to be applied to individual units able to be matched to CEM data, the second are to be applied to EGU 

sources within the VISTAS domain where CEM-based matches could not be identified.

The first set of temporal profiles have been developed for specific hour-of-date periods based on historical actual 

2002 or average NOx, SO2, and heat input data for sources reporting under EPA’s CEM program between 2000 and 

2004. These profiles are based on the actual or statistical average of the CEM data variables (NOx, SO2, and heat 

input) for each hour-of-date (e.g., Hour 12 of March 3) during the year. In the typical profile calculation, variables 

are calculated for each hour when the operating time of the CEM is greater than 0 (e.g., the unit is in operation 

during that hour). In the case of 2002-only calculations, all reported NOx, SO2, and heat input data were used in the 

averaging, including those identified as non-operating hours. This allowed for the best representation of actual 2002 

conditions for the expected use of these profiles for model validation studies.

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In the second set of profiles, NOx, SO2, and heat input values were averaged over each unit to allow for the 

calculation of State level monthly, day-of-week, and diurnal profiles for VISTAS States. 

For the 2000-2004 averaging period, representation of typical operating conditions was desired, so in the averaging 

calculation only valid operating hour NOx, SO2, and heat input values were used. This prevented the introduction of 

equipment shutdown because of power outages, control installation, or planned maintenance into the temporal 

profile calculation.

4.1.1. Actual 2002 Profiles

Through the EPA’s Clean Air Market’s Data and Maps website, quarterly unit-level hourly emissions data by State 

and calendar year 2002 were obtained for purposes of developing temporal allocation factors applicable to EGU 

sources within the VISTAS domain. Key elements in these data sets include the State where the unit is located, 

facility name, facility identification (ORISPL) code (assigned by the Department of Energy at the Energy

Information Administration), unit identification code, date of record, hour of record, SO2, CO2, and NOx mass (in 

lbs per hour), heat input (million British thermal units [MMBtu]), and NOx emission rate (lbs/MMBtu).

SO2 and NOx mass and heat input values were summed for each unit to an annual level to allow for the calculation 

of an hour of date-to-annual ratio estimation. Equation 1 provides this calculation for heat input. Table 1 provides an 

example result of the ratio calculation.

Equation (1) = ∑

1

31

,, ,

/

Jan

Dec

hiratio hr date hihr date hi

where hi = heat input (MMBtu) 

Table 1. Application of Calculated Ratios for Actual 2002 by Unit

Actual Reported Values [2002] Calculated Ratios

ORISPL UnitID Date Hour SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input SO2 NOx Heat Input

3 2 01-01-2002 0 15.563 10.294 13.3 1.417E-06 1.915E-06 1.372E-06

3 2 01-01-2002 1 14.977 8.338 12.5 1.364E-06 1.551E-06 1.289E-06

3 2 01-01-2002 2 14.93 9.286 12.6 1.360E-06 1.728E-06 1.300E-06

3 2 01-01-2002 3 14.774 9.677 12.8 1.346E-06 1.800E-06 1.320E-06

... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...

3 2 07-01-2002 0 1084.017 717.467 995.1 9.873E-05 1.335E-04 1.026E-04

3 2 07-01-2002 1 1102.47 750.04 1012.2 1.004E-04 1.395E-04 1.044E-04

3 2 07-01-2002 2 1109.41 768.55 1016.6 1.010E-04 1.430E-04 1.049E-04

3 2 07-01-2002 3 1102.598 772.614 1012.6 1.004E-04 1.437E-04 1.044E-04

3 2 07-01-2002 4 1087.909 736.967 998.6 9.909E-05 1.371E-04 1.030E-04

3 2 07-01-2002 5 1099.375 731.888 1009.5 1.001E-04 1.362E-04 1.041E-04

3 2 07-01-2002 6 1127.007 693.779 1026.3 1.026E-04 1.291E-04 1.059E-04

3 2 07-01-2002 7 1203.814 644.008 1114.2 1.096E-04 1.198E-04 1.149E-04

... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...

3 2 12-31-2002 21 712.26 503.505 835 6.487E-05 9.367E-05 8.612E-05

3 2 12-31-2002 22 716.983 587.419 850.1 6.530E-05 1.093E-04 8.768E-05

3 2 12-31-2002 23 521.311 430.787 647.8 4.748E-05 8.014E-05 6.681E-05

3954 3 Annual Sum 10979533.36 5375215.80 9695608.12 1.000 1.000 1.000

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Since it was assumed that all sources in the VISTAS EGU inventory would not be matched to individual CEMbased units, the same calculations were performed for each State so that a hierarchical application of ratios (unit 

first, State second) could be assigned as necessary. Table 2 shows example ratios calculated for each month by State. 

Table 3 reflects an example of the State-month-day of week ratio calculation and Table 4 shows a State-monthdiurnal ratio calculation example. Each of these ratios were calculated for each State in the VISTAS domain and 

used in instances where CEM unit matches could not be made to the VISTAS base year emissions inventory.

Three parameter values (SO2 mass, NOx mass, heat input) were calculated at each aggregation as NOx and SO2 

emissions vary due to fuel blend, sulfur content, or seasonal control and are not necessarily representative of the 

other variables’ seasonal, daily, or even hourly variation. As seen in Figure 1, when viewed on a VISTAS-domain 

total, the monthly variation in relative distribution of SO2, NOx, and heat input differs enough to justify calculating 

each parameter value set of temporal profiles with CEM data.

Table 2. Application of Calculated Ratios for Actual 2002 by Example State and Month

Actual Reported Values [2002] Calculated Ratios

State Month SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input SO2 NOx Heat Input

FL Jan 67,755,539 42,004,513 113,531,981 0.0726 0.0813 0.0733

FL Feb 56,516,278 34,145,451 91,969,840 0.0605 0.0661 0.0594

FL Mar 69,997,283 39,244,669 107,685,763 0.0750 0.0759 0.0695

FL Apr 73,678,638 40,824,242 118,170,997 0.0789 0.0790 0.0763

FL May 88,889,603 48,974,695 142,351,045 0.0952 0.0948 0.0919

FL Jun 79,736,153 44,027,147 138,648,667 0.0854 0.0852 0.0895

FL Jul 94,401,559 50,007,339 157,075,598 0.1011 0.0968 0.1014

FL Aug 93,041,423 50,077,048 160,601,359 0.0996 0.0969 0.1037

FL Sep 93,349,234 49,183,990 155,433,110 0.1000 0.0952 0.1003

FL Oct 84,214,449 46,837,495 146,347,289 0.0902 0.0906 0.0945

FL Nov 60,374,969 33,098,684 105,854,682 0.0647 0.0641 0.0683

FL Dec 71,853,245 38,331,463 111,702,695 0.0769 0.0742 0.0721

FL Total 933,808,373 516,756,735 1,549,373,024 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000

Table 3. Application of Calculated Ratios for Actual 2002 by Example State and Month and Day of Week

Actual Reported Values [2002] Calculated Ratios

State Month Day of Week SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input SO2 NOx Heat Input

GA Mar Sun 13,057,959 4,005,097 10,089,522 0.1467 0.1437 0.1458

GA Mar Mon 11,937,355 3,841,172 9,564,295 0.1341 0.1378 0.1382

GA Mar Tue 11,860,749 3,766,317 9,351,652 0.1332 0.1351 0.1352

GA Mar Wed 12,020,458 3,764,653 9,232,574 0.1350 0.1351 0.1334

GA Mar Thu 11,560,778 3,677,100 9,056,011 0.1299 0.1319 0.1309

GA Mar Fri 14,572,757 4,616,042 11,368,579 0.1637 0.1656 0.1643

GA Mar Sat 14,005,730 4,197,929 10,522,180 0.1573 0.1506 0.1521

GA Mar Total 89,015,786 27,868,311 69,184,812 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000

 

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Table 4. Application of Calculated Ratios for Actual 2002 by Example State and Month and Hour of Day

Actual Reported Values [2002] Calculated Ratios

State Month Hour SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input SO2 NOx Heat Input

SC Dec 0 1,356,270 556,321 1,309,476 0.0399 0.0399 0.0398

SC Dec 1 1,332,499 540,268 1,279,485 0.0392 0.0387 0.0389

SC Dec 2 1,324,618 536,330 1,275,732 0.0389 0.0384 0.0388

SC Dec 3 1,330,924 538,908 1,284,514 0.0391 0.0386 0.0391

SC Dec 4 1,335,158 545,819 1,296,880 0.0392 0.0391 0.0394

SC Dec 5 1,385,906 565,695 1,340,759 0.0407 0.0405 0.0408

SC Dec 6 1,436,829 586,536 1,387,329 0.0422 0.0420 0.0422

SC Dec 7 1,488,961 611,648 1,440,753 0.0438 0.0438 0.0438

SC Dec 8 1,491,509 613,176 1,444,956 0.0438 0.0440 0.0440

SC Dec 9 1,501,425 618,516 1,447,916 0.0441 0.0443 0.0440

SC Dec 10 1,484,685 610,879 1,431,441 0.0436 0.0438 0.0435

SC Dec 11 1,459,697 593,638 1,395,938 0.0429 0.0426 0.0425

SC Dec 12 1,423,246 578,669 1,365,957 0.0418 0.0415 0.0415

SC Dec 13 1,391,851 570,939 1,345,091 0.0409 0.0409 0.0409

SC Dec 14 1,352,161 557,078 1,319,068 0.0397 0.0399 0.0401

SC Dec 15 1,344,643 551,497 1,312,670 0.0395 0.0395 0.0399

SC Dec 16 1,369,024 559,569 1,333,589 0.0402 0.0401 0.0406

SC Dec 17 1,449,587 595,765 1,398,917 0.0426 0.0427 0.0426

SC Dec 18 1,493,742 621,423 1,438,833 0.0439 0.0445 0.0438

SC Dec 19 1,473,502 611,050 1,427,712 0.0433 0.0438 0.0434

SC Dec 20 1,479,504 608,223 1,424,664 0.0435 0.0436 0.0433

SC Dec 21 1,475,680 608,049 1,421,202 0.0434 0.0436 0.0432

SC Dec 22 1,450,119 597,906 1,401,208 0.0426 0.0429 0.0426

SC Dec 23 1,391,087 573,310 1,351,539 0.0409 0.0411 0.0411

SC Dec Daily 34,022,628 13,951,210 32,875,627 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000

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Figure 1. Monthly variation in 2002 of CEM reported heat input, NOx mass, and SO2 mass for VISTAS domain.

0.060

0.065

0.070

0.075

0.080

0.085

0.090

0.095

0.100

0.105

0.110

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Relative Distribution

Heat Input NOx SO2

When viewed on a State by State basis, the differences in monthly variation are even more pronounced as individual 

facilities within each State may be affected during any calendar year by extreme temperature variation, shutdowns, 

or regular maintenance or installation of equipment. As an example, Figure 2 represents CEM data from the State of 

Mississippi during calendar year 2002 and reveals that SO2 emissions increase throughout the year, NOx emissions 

stay relatively high during the summer months, and heat input peaks during the month of July. Although Figures 1 

and 2 are roughly comparable in shape and monthly distribution, the relative distribution of these values is quite 

different. In Mississippi’s case, close to thirteen percent of the State’s CEM-based heat input occurs in July. This 

compares to the VISTAS average of just over ten percent of CEM -based heat input in July.

Finally, when these data are reviewed at a unit level, the differences become incrementally more distinct due to the 

unique nature of individual facilities, their operating schedules, pollution regulation, fuel characteristics, and applied 

technologies. For example, a facility that is complying with summertime NOx regulation may have selective

catalytic reduction (SCR) installed on its boiler(s) which in practice may only be run during ozone season mo nths. 

During this period of time, heat input and SO2 emissions may remain consistent with State or regional monthly 

profiles, but the NOx emissions may drop significantly relative to the rest of the year.

Figure 3 represents an extreme unit-specific case for monthly differences from State or regional temporal allocation. 

The unit presented is a Mississippi baseload coal-fired boiler which in 2002 emitted over 4,000 tons of NOx and 

over 11,000 tons of SO2. This unit would typically run at consistent levels during the entire period, but due to a 

planned maintenance outage was not in operation in late January through the middle of April in 2002. Given the 

unique operation of this boiler during this year, the use of a regional or even State-level monthly temporal 

distribution would introduce significant inaccuracy to air quality modeling in the immediate or downwind area 

associated with this facility. While this may not be significant at great distance downwind of the source or for annual 

concentration estimates, more locally, and especially over shorter time scales (daily or weekly), such simplifications 

would have a noticeable effect on air quality model predictions.

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Figure 2. Monthly variation in 2002 of CEM reported heat input, NOx mass, and SO2 mass for Mississippi.

0.020

0.040

0.060

0.080

0.100

0.120

0.140

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Relative Distribution

Heat Input NOx SO2

Figure 3. Monthly variation in 2002 of CEM reported heat input, NOx mass, and SO2 mass for specific baseload 

coal-fired unit in Mississippi with planned outage in late January through mid April.

0.000

0.020

0.040

0.060

0.080

0.100

0.120

0.140

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Relative Distribution

Heat Input NOx SO2

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Thus, while improving the representativeness of unit-specific monthly temporal profiles is desirable, providing day 

and hour-specific values are clearly better. For this reason, during the model performance evaluation process in the 

VISTAS Phase II modeling, hour-specific temporal ratios were developed for every CEM reporting unit in the 

VISTAS domain. These ratios allowed for the hour-by-hour accounting of emissions released at each unit at each 

facility within the VISTAS domain that reported output under the CEM guidelines.

Figure 4 represents the actual daily distribution of SO2 and NOx emissions and heat input from the Mississippi 

baseload unit from the above example. As can been seen in this figure, not only is the planned January through April 

outage represented correctly, there are significant peaks and valleys throughout the calendar year which could not be 

accurately represented with the application of average monthly, day-of-week, or hourly distribution factors. In 

reality, only the actual operating characteristics of this unit could capture the differences from hour to hour which 

are potentially quite important in terms of correctly modeling the impact of the source on downwind oxidant and 

fine particulate concentrations2.

Figure 4. Actual daily unit-specific 2002 SO2 (tons), NOx, (tons), and heat input (MMBtu) distribution from CEM 

data.

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

01-Jan-02

01-Feb-0201-Mar-02

01-Apr-02

01-May-02

01-Jun-02

01-Jul-02

01-Aug-0201-Sep-02

01-Oct-02

01-Nov-0201-Dec-0231-Dec-02

Emissions (Tons)

0

20,000

40,000

60,000

80,000

100,000

120,000

140,000

Heat Input (MMBtu)

SO2

NOx

Heat Input

 

2 Stella, G.M., “Development of Hourly Inventories Utilizing CEM -Based Data,” presented at the International 

Emission Inventory Conference, Las Vegas, NV, April, 2005.

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4.1.2. Typical EGU Profiles

Hour of day of month specific temporal profiles were developed by calculating the arithmetic mean of each unit’s 

NOx, SO2, and heat input by specific hour of day per month (e.g., Hour 21 of Wednesdays in July) from the data 

obtained from 2000 through 2004. In order to accomplish this calculation, each record of CEM data was first 

assigned a day of week. This assignment was based on the actual CEM’s date of record and day of week of that 

record. An example of this assignment is shown in Table 5.

Table 5. Example Day-of-Week per Month Assignment

Date Day of Week

08/01/02 Thu

08/02/02 Fri

08/03/02 Sat

08/04/02 Sun

08/05/02 Mon

08/06/02 Tue

08/07/02 Wed

Once days of week were assigned to each record in the CEM data base, the arithmetic mean of each unit’s NOx, 

SO2, and heat input were calculated for the ORISPL-UNITID-MONTH-DAY OF WEEK-HOUR combination. 

Only records where the CEMs were operating for more than half the recorded hour (OPTIME > 0.5) were used in 

the averaging calculation. An example of the averaged results can be seen in Table 6.

Table 6. Arithmetic Mean of CEM -based Variables for Temporal Profile Calculation

 Calculated Average Values [2000 – 2004]

State Facility ORISPL UnitID Month Day of Week Hour SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

WV Mount Storm Power Station 3954 3 1 Tue 0 406.0526 3384.074 5196.11

WV Mount Storm Power Station 3954 3 1 Tue 1 389.6474 3287.845 5103.06

WV Mount Storm Power Station 3954 3 1 Tue 2 395.2737 3342.848 5175.95

... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...

WV Mount Storm Power Station 3954 3 7 Mon 4 524.7864 2505.9391 4654.34

WV Mount Storm Power Station 3954 3 7 Mon 5 690.5636 2602.9887 4795.64

WV Mount Storm Power Station 3954 3 7 Mon 6 912.4227 2572.0275 4727.08

WV Mount Storm Power Station 3954 3 7 Mon 7 1060.3 2664.8686 4914.25

WV Mount Storm Power Station 3954 3 7 Mon 8 850.2364 2678.231 5029.58

WV Mount Storm Power Station 3954 3 7 Mon 9 415.3455 2716.8 5042.55

WV Mount Storm Power Station 3954 3 7 Mon 10 408.8591 2876.5008 5123.71

WV Mount Storm Power Station 3954 3 7 Mon 11 371.9909 2776.0361 5147.85

WV Mount Storm Power Station 3954 3 7 Mon 12 327.2045 2785.5325 5129.66

WV Mount Storm Power Station 3954 3 7 Mon 13 316.0364 2826.901 5172.29

WV Mount Storm Power Station 3954 3 7 Mon 14 317.1136 2816.1328 5146.07

WV Mount Storm Power Station 3954 3 7 Mon 15 329.6455 2789.0962 5121.75

WV Mount Storm Power Station 3954 3 7 Mon 16 332.7773 2818.5379 5147.05

... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...

WV Mount Storm Power Station 3954 3 12 Tue 21 806.7 3432.001 5375.49

WV Mount Storm Power Station 3954 3 12 Tue 22 806.5778 3447.709 5377.68

WV Mount Storm Power Station 3954 3 12 Tue 23 795.4667 3419.069 5359.43

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These values were then applied to each unit and hour based on the 2002 calendar to match the meteorological data 

used in the emissions processing. An example of this application can be seen in Table 7. The date specific hourly 

averages were then summed to a unit summer (May – Sept) and winter months total and ratios were developed based 

on each daily hour’s average value divided by the average sum total depending on the season of the day. This 

permitted the appropriate allocation of summertime NOx (as forecasted by IPM) when summer control only was 

predicted. Using the annual average ratios instead of the seasonal distributions would produce summertime 

emissions different than what was output from the model.

Table 7. Application of Calculated Ratios to Day of Year by Unit

 Calculated Average Values [2000 – 2004] Calculated Ratios

ORISPL UnitID Date

Day of 

Week Hour SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input SO2 NOx Heat Input

3797 4 09/30/02 Mon 19 2591.95 381.78 1527.26 2.899E-04 2.396E-04 2.863E-04

3797 4 09/30/02 Mon 20 2596.81 379.88 1525.60 2.904E-04 2.385E-04 2.860E-04

3797 4 09/30/02 Mon 21 2569.03 370.50 1506.74 2.873E-04 2.326E-04 2.824E-04

3797 4 09/30/02 Mon 22 2547.62 367.24 1498.66 2.849E-04 2.305E-04 2.809E-04

3797 4 09/30/02 Mon 23 2483.88 360.66 1465.68 2.778E-04 2.264E-04 2.747E-04

3797 4 10/01/02 Tue 0 1968.94 478.47 1170.76 1.587E-04 1.517E-04 1.604E-04

3797 4 10/01/02 Tue 1 1942.47 480.28 1160.68 1.565E-04 1.522E-04 1.590E-04

3797 4 10/01/02 Tue 2 1858.54 462.44 1122.29 1.498E-04 1.466E-04 1.537E-04

3797 4 10/01/02 Tue 3 1988.43 486.07 1187.56 1.602E-04 1.541E-04 1.627E-04

3797 4 10/01/02 Tue 4 2125.96 528.59 1263.00 1.713E-04 1.676E-04 1.730E-04

3797 4 10/01/02 Tue 5 2255.22 562.18 1325.40 1.818E-04 1.782E-04 1.815E-04

3797 4 10/01/02 Tue 6 2267.27 558.77 1337.81 1.827E-04 1.771E-04 1.832E-04

3797 4 10/01/02 Tue 7 2313.00 579.94 1370.73 1.864E-04 1.838E-04 1.878E-04

3797 4 Summer 

 

8941480.78

 

1593123.80

 

5334723.17

3797 4 Winter 12408352.17

 

3154758.40

 

7300596.69

3797 4 Annual Sum 21349832.95 4747882.21 12635319.86

Equation 2 reflects this calculation for heat input for a summer hour. Ratios were calculated for NOx, SO2, and heat 

input values. These ratios were then applied to each unit’s seasonal (summer or winter) emission value for NOx, 

SO2, and all other pollutants, respectively.

Equation (2) = ∑

1

30

,, , , ,

/

May

Sep

ratio hr date sum hr date sum hi hi hi

where hi = heat input (MMBtu) 

The actual hour-of-day-of-month averages calculated from the CEM data were not used directly as emissions for 

that hour, but were used only in the calculation of the ratios to be applied to a pre-calculated seasonal (summer or 

winter) emission value. This allowed for the retention of emission estimates calculated using means other than CEM 

data, if a State or local agency found them to be more appropriate or if it were derived by other means (e.g., IPM) 

but an improved distribution of emissions using CEM -based ratios.

As in the actual 2002 profiles calculations, these same calculations were additionally performed for each State so 

that a hierarchical application of ratios (unit first, State second) could be assigned as necessary. Instead of having 

variables at the unit level, however, State level values were used. These State value calculations were based on the 

sum of the unit-level variable averages to the level of aggregation required by the calculation (e.g., State-month. 

State-month-day-of-week, or State-month-hour). Table 8 shows example ratios calculated for each month by State. 

Table 9 reflects an example of the State-month-day of week ratio calculation and Table 10 shows a State-monthEmissions Preparation & Results 

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diurnal ratio calculation example. Each of these ratios were calculated for each State in the VISTAS domain and 

used in instances where CEM unit matches could not be made to the VISTAS base year emissions inventory.

Again, three parameter values (SO2 mass, NOx mass, heat input) were calculated at each aggregation as NOx and 

SO2 emissions vary due to fuel blend, sulfur content, or seasonal control and are not necessarily representative of 

the other variables’ seasonal, daily, or even hourly variation.

Table 8. Application of Calculated Ratios for Typical Operation by Example State and Month

Calculated Average Values [2000 – 2004] Calculated Ratios

State Month SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input SO2 NOx Heat Input

FL Jan 116,011,253 62,989,958 198,751,048 0.0858 0.0875 0.0831

FL Feb 93,958,786 50,831,818 164,949,702 0.0695 0.0706 0.0690

FL Mar 111,505,553 60,285,972 196,705,697 0.0824 0.0838 0.0822

FL Apr 107,015,438 59,071,792 195,338,204 0.0791 0.0821 0.0817

FL May 118,589,361 61,811,604 207,803,996 0.0877 0.0859 0.0869

FL Jun 116,068,987 59,801,640 202,716,214 0.0858 0.0831 0.0848

FL Jul 123,868,749 62,500,169 212,478,437 0.0916 0.0868 0.0888

FL Aug 125,384,940 64,572,843 214,637,218 0.0927 0.0897 0.0897

FL Sep 113,080,789 59,913,723 206,712,956 0.0836 0.0832 0.0864

FL Oct 109,960,828 61,551,310 206,924,170 0.0813 0.0855 0.0865

FL Nov 101,781,383 55,861,718 186,984,665 0.0752 0.0776 0.0782

FL Dec 115,588,740 60,566,444 197,592,133 0.0854 0.0841 0.0826

FL Total 1,352,814,807 719,758,990 2,391,594,439 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000

Table 9. Application of Calculated Ratios for Typical Operation by Example State and Month and Day of Week

Calculated Average Values [2000 – 2004] Calculated Ratios

State Month Day of Week SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input SO2 NOx Heat Input

GA Mar Sun 15,495,089 4,641,883 12,167,666 0.1455 0.1403 0.1319

GA Mar Mon 14,334,901 4,513,847 13,362,335 0.1346 0.1365 0.1449

GA Mar Tue 14,420,895 4,532,750 13,463,600 0.1354 0.1370 0.1460

GA Mar Wed 14,170,345 4,489,531 13,057,182 0.1331 0.1357 0.1416

GA Mar Thu 14,004,649 4,446,853 12,249,119 0.1315 0.1344 0.1328

GA Mar Fri 17,177,952 5,357,920 14,842,639 0.1613 0.1620 0.1609

GA Mar Sat 16,881,455 5,096,281 13,100,433 0.1585 0.1541 0.1420

GA Mar Total 106,485,284 33,079,065 92,242,973 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000

 

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 15 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group 

13

Table 10. Application of Calculated Ratios for Typical Operation by Example State and Month and Hour of Day

Calculated Average Values [2000 – 2004] Calculated Ratios

State Month Hour SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input SO2 NOx Heat Input

SC Dec 0 1,790,705 674,127 1,908,284 0.0401 0.0395 0.0375

SC Dec 1 1,760,847 659,279 1,877,399 0.0395 0.0386 0.0369

SC Dec 2 1,766,498 660,719 1,890,957 0.0396 0.0387 0.0372

SC Dec 3 1,766,455 664,407 1,922,535 0.0396 0.0389 0.0378

SC Dec 4 1,788,023 677,882 2,005,041 0.0401 0.0397 0.0394

SC Dec 5 1,839,136 708,796 2,193,779 0.0412 0.0415 0.0431

SC Dec 6 1,903,431 736,781 2,379,535 0.0427 0.0432 0.0468

SC Dec 7 1,957,422 760,608 2,504,498 0.0439 0.0446 0.0492

SC Dec 8 1,958,923 768,669 2,515,860 0.0439 0.0450 0.0494

SC Dec 9 1,974,624 767,392 2,419,052 0.0443 0.0450 0.0475

SC Dec 10 1,944,825 751,207 2,264,252 0.0436 0.0440 0.0445

SC Dec 11 1,888,552 723,857 2,140,166 0.0423 0.0424 0.0421

SC Dec 12 1,833,408 694,261 2,022,036 0.0411 0.0407 0.0397

SC Dec 13 1,781,162 673,316 1,936,841 0.0399 0.0395 0.0381

SC Dec 14 1,755,403 663,791 1,911,001 0.0393 0.0389 0.0376

SC Dec 15 1,743,443 660,042 1,897,088 0.0391 0.0387 0.0373

SC Dec 16 1,775,717 669,264 1,937,000 0.0398 0.0392 0.0381

SC Dec 17 1,877,548 713,920 2,099,275 0.0421 0.0418 0.0413

SC Dec 18 1,948,165 753,627 2,255,923 0.0437 0.0442 0.0443

SC Dec 19 1,940,185 753,123 2,258,417 0.0435 0.0441 0.0444

SC Dec 20 1,941,859 750,942 2,221,568 0.0435 0.0440 0.0437

SC Dec 21 1,930,605 743,880 2,182,689 0.0433 0.0436 0.0429

SC Dec 22 1,909,077 732,480 2,140,416 0.0428 0.0429 0.0421

SC Dec 23 1,841,457 702,464 2,003,560 0.0413 0.0412 0.0394

SC Dec Daily 44,617,469 17,064,833 50,887,170 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 16 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group 

14

5.0 Application of Factors

VISTAS chose to prepare its air quality modeling inventories with Version 2.1 of the Sparse Matrix Operating 

Kernel Emissions (SMOKE) model. For this reason, all emissions were required to be converted to SMOKE’s data 

formats. In particular, because hour specific temporal profiles for each day of a year are not accepted directly by the 

model, it was necessary to develop a set of hourly emissions inputs to circumvent this limitation. These were 

generated in the EMS PTHOUR format as described in SMOKE input file documentation3.

The CEM format for individual hour-specific data files as available in SMOKE was not utilized for VISTAS 

emissions processing as the emissions allowable by hour would have been limited to NOx, SO2, and CO2. If this 

file format and optional run configuration were exercised, the NOx, SO2, and CO2 emissions processed by the 

model would have been accurate for CEM reported emissions, but the remaining pollutants coupled with each CEM 

unit would have received the monthly, daily, and diurnal temporal profiles associated with the source category codes 

from the unit. This could lead to potentially displaced emissions if a unit were operating at different times than the 

default profiles indicated. Additionally, in cases where States may not have reported annual emission estimates 

directly based on CEMs, these emissions would be slightly different that the original annual inventory. 

In VISTAS Phase II modeling, for those EGU sources where CEM data were utilized, NOx, SO2, and heat inputbased hour-specific profiles were developed and applied to annual NOx, SO2, and all other emissions, respectively, 

for both the actual and typical 2002 modeling. Heat input was chosen as a surrogate for non-CEM reported 

pollutants as the majority of remaining compounds are not as significantly impacted by controls or fuel content, yet 

the distribution of these emissions would occur during the same times CEM reported pollutants were emitted.

The application of hourly ratios to annual emissions ensured that the annual values provided by States under the 

CERR were maintained, but distributed using actual hourly to annual profiles. Additionally, for stakeholder sources 

providing hour-specific data approved by the State in which they operated, data were substituted for State provided 

emissions and CEM-based distributions.

To temporally allocate the remaining EGU point sources, the NOx, SO2, and heat input data were collected from the 

2002 or 2000-2004 CEM datasets, and used to develop State-level temporal distributions. These month-specific 

hour and day of week temporal profiles were used in conjunction with the emissions inventory to calculate hourly 

EGU emissions by unit.

Although not as accurate a distribution as the unit-specific factors, the State-based temporal distribution provided 

improved results to the default profiles provided with the emissions model. Figure 10 represents the monthly 

distribution comparisons of VISTAS State heat input to the default monthly distribution from Version 2.0 of 

SMOKE for source category code (SCC) 10100201, representing External Combustion Boilers; Electric Generation; 

Bituminous/Subbituminous Coal; Pulverized Coal: Wet Bottom (Bituminous Coal), a relatively common boiler type 

and fuel configuration in the VISTAS domain. This example is for the actual 2002 modeling exercise.

Much like the distinction in month to month variation of the profiles, day of week and diurnal patterns based on 

CEM data vary from unit to unit. Again, if one were to assign the same day of week or diurnal profile to every unit 

in the inventory, emissions from these sources would inappropriately be distributed during the episode of interest. In 

addition to the unique distribution provided by the unit-specific factors based on CEM data, aggregate State level 

daily and diurnal temporal distribution factors were developed and applied during this process. Figure 11 shows the 

variance in diurnal distribution from Tennessee’s average CEM-based NOx emissions data for each of the twelve 

months of calendar year 2002 as would have been applied to units unmatched to CEM sources.

 

3

 University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Sparse Matrix Operator Kernel Emissions (SMOKE) Modeling 

System, http://cf.unc.edu/cep/empd/products/smoke/index.cfm.

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 17 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group 

15

Figure 10. Relative distribution of actual 2002 monthly VISTAS State CEM -based heat input.

0.040

0.050

0.060

0.070

0.080

0.090

0.100

0.110

0.120

0.130

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Relative Distribution

AL FL GA KY MS NC SC TN VA WV SMOKE

Figure 11. Relative distribution of diurnal actual 2002 CEM -based NOx emissions for Tennessee.

0.0370

0.0380

0.0390

0.0400

0.0410

0.0420

0.0430

0.0440

hr1 hr2 hr3 hr4 hr5 hr6 hr7 hr8 hr9 hr10 hr11 hr12 hr13 hr14 hr15 hr16 hr17 hr18 hr19 hr20 hr21 hr22 hr23 hr24

Relative Distribution

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun

Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 18 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group 

Development of Temporal Profiles for Electric Generating Units 

(EGUs) In the VISTAS States:

Appendices

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 19 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix A

Actual 2002 State Level Monthly Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

AL 01 71,985,561 26,094,534 70,343,696 0.080297 0.080758 0.078053

AL 02 57,903,388 22,121,272 59,816,548 0.064589 0.068462 0.066372

AL 03 59,481,424 22,711,853 58,082,148 0.066349 0.070289 0.064447

AL 04 60,498,479 22,601,336 61,617,037 0.067483 0.069947 0.068370

AL 05 67,141,301 24,842,210 69,022,034 0.074893 0.076883 0.076586

AL 06 81,679,140 28,448,320 85,011,304 0.091109 0.088043 0.094328

AL 07 89,737,924 30,849,625 95,110,736 0.100099 0.095475 0.105534

AL 08 88,893,542 30,600,954 93,950,509 0.099157 0.094705 0.104246

AL 09 82,237,240 28,090,654 84,414,970 0.091732 0.086936 0.093666

AL 10 80,712,208 29,703,883 78,387,675 0.090031 0.091929 0.086978

AL 11 74,242,553 28,277,348 72,760,471 0.082814 0.087514 0.080734

AL 12 81,983,321 28,776,840 72,718,335 0.091449 0.089060 0.080687

FL 01 67,755,539 42,004,513 113,531,981 0.072558 0.081285 0.073276

FL 02 56,516,278 34,145,451 91,969,840 0.060522 0.066076 0.059359

FL 03 69,997,283 39,244,669 107,685,763 0.074959 0.075944 0.069503

FL 04 73,678,638 40,824,242 118,170,997 0.078901 0.079001 0.076270

FL 05 88,889,603 48,974,695 142,351,045 0.095190 0.094773 0.091877

FL 06 79,736,153 44,027,147 138,648,667 0.085388 0.085199 0.089487

FL 07 94,401,559 50,007,339 157,075,598 0.101093 0.096772 0.101380

FL 08 93,041,423 50,077,048 160,601,359 0.099637 0.096906 0.103656

FL 09 93,349,234 49,183,990 155,433,110 0.099966 0.095178 0.100320

FL 10 84,214,449 46,837,495 146,347,289 0.090184 0.090637 0.094456

FL 11 60,374,969 33,098,684 105,854,682 0.064655 0.064051 0.068321

FL 12 71,853,245 38,331,463 111,702,695 0.076946 0.074177 0.072095

GA 01 81,756,601 27,799,209 63,415,895 0.079739 0.094906 0.075141

GA 02 68,133,493 22,814,914 52,566,583 0.066452 0.077890 0.062285

GA 03 89,015,786 27,868,311 69,184,812 0.086819 0.095142 0.081976

GA 04 80,522,787 25,019,836 66,614,357 0.078535 0.085417 0.078930

GA 05 84,874,780 21,939,581 69,424,347 0.082780 0.074901 0.082260

GA 06 91,768,073 23,452,819 78,443,585 0.089503 0.080068 0.092947

GA 07 101,133,038 25,987,636 90,892,421 0.098637 0.088721 0.107697

GA 08 100,105,847 25,722,660 89,736,768 0.097635 0.087817 0.106328

GA 09 90,266,321 23,228,209 76,918,862 0.088038 0.079301 0.091140

GA 10 86,793,068 25,058,379 72,028,619 0.084651 0.085549 0.085346

GA 11 65,803,396 19,848,168 51,567,258 0.064179 0.067761 0.061101

GA 12 85,135,314 24,172,877 63,170,593 0.083034 0.082526 0.074850

KY 01 88,386,777 39,297,968 83,186,021 0.091572 0.098968 0.086426

KY 02 73,148,461 34,435,644 72,214,276 0.075785 0.086723 0.075027

KY 03 82,734,302 41,124,378 82,802,323 0.085716 0.103568 0.086027

KY 04 72,547,026 33,467,755 74,544,260 0.075162 0.084285 0.077447

KY 05 76,980,636 27,980,223 77,097,793 0.079755 0.070466 0.080100

KY 06 85,293,823 30,542,925 85,578,097 0.088368 0.076919 0.088911

KY 07 92,870,696 35,215,707 95,716,558 0.096218 0.088687 0.099444

KY 08 96,501,913 33,121,796 94,222,283 0.099980 0.083414 0.097892

KY 09 82,195,196 27,877,611 80,643,890 0.085157 0.070207 0.083785

KY 10 62,185,552 27,638,495 68,747,591 0.064427 0.069605 0.071425

KY 11 63,939,037 28,358,494 66,295,502 0.066243 0.071418 0.068877

KY 12 88,431,377 38,015,871 81,464,864 0.091618 0.095739 0.084638

MS 01 8,031,682 4,498,565 18,693,278 0.061085 0.050717 0.060192

MS 02 5,223,761 4,352,472 16,918,379 0.039730 0.049070 0.054477

MS 03 8,904,502 5,053,631 19,528,557 0.067724 0.056975 0.062882

Actual Reported Values [2002]

Calculated Ratios

A-1

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 20 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix A

Actual 2002 State Level Monthly Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Actual Reported Values [2002]

Calculated Ratios

MS 04 8,490,345 6,990,633 21,539,003 0.064574 0.078813 0.069355

MS 05 11,716,102 8,877,359 26,494,505 0.089107 0.100084 0.085312

MS 06 11,720,087 9,160,148 32,351,189 0.089138 0.103272 0.104171

MS 07 10,698,661 9,678,640 39,353,163 0.081369 0.109118 0.126717

MS 08 12,248,376 9,455,323 35,788,550 0.093156 0.106600 0.115239

MS 09 13,318,131 9,033,521 32,264,075 0.101292 0.101845 0.103890

MS 10 15,606,833 7,970,595 24,320,790 0.118699 0.089861 0.078313

MS 11 12,055,561 6,231,694 20,456,689 0.091689 0.070257 0.065870

MS 12 13,468,929 7,396,477 22,851,683 0.102439 0.083388 0.073582

NC 01 75,136,353 24,858,345 55,899,678 0.081142 0.085303 0.077304

NC 02 62,625,577 21,049,420 48,060,753 0.067631 0.072233 0.066464

NC 03 76,510,384 25,871,214 58,529,352 0.082626 0.088779 0.080941

NC 04 64,544,010 20,896,091 51,248,689 0.069703 0.071706 0.070873

NC 05 66,362,875 19,060,689 50,405,626 0.071667 0.065408 0.069707

NC 06 84,872,317 24,704,467 66,064,806 0.091656 0.084775 0.091362

NC 07 97,274,800 27,668,346 78,086,028 0.105050 0.094946 0.107986

NC 08 91,520,225 25,673,272 73,521,724 0.098835 0.088100 0.101674

NC 09 85,254,440 25,011,683 66,746,058 0.092069 0.085829 0.092304

NC 10 75,964,852 25,715,410 60,880,736 0.082037 0.088244 0.084193

NC 11 70,335,464 24,469,355 55,259,007 0.075957 0.083968 0.076418

NC 12 75,584,957 26,433,121 58,408,497 0.081626 0.090707 0.080774

SC 01 31,082,047 12,447,442 32,071,078 0.078049 0.075075 0.076619

SC 02 27,616,162 12,022,360 29,372,326 0.069346 0.072511 0.070172

SC 03 30,786,036 13,748,694 31,919,340 0.077306 0.082923 0.076257

SC 04 30,808,574 13,051,703 31,881,213 0.077363 0.078719 0.076166

SC 05 33,379,734 14,540,834 38,224,387 0.083819 0.087701 0.091320

SC 06 36,455,084 15,294,979 40,844,336 0.091541 0.092249 0.097579

SC 07 40,837,836 17,082,250 45,488,310 0.102547 0.103029 0.108674

SC 08 38,676,732 15,591,844 42,790,308 0.097120 0.094040 0.102228

SC 09 35,679,673 14,131,599 36,057,937 0.089594 0.085233 0.086144

SC 10 30,213,689 12,200,904 29,683,343 0.075869 0.073588 0.070915

SC 11 28,677,840 11,736,758 27,369,314 0.072012 0.070788 0.065386

SC 12 34,022,628 13,951,210 32,875,627 0.085433 0.084145 0.078541

TN 01 55,962,590 26,490,714 50,517,218 0.083032 0.083381 0.078240

TN 02 49,772,972 25,111,225 48,268,869 0.073848 0.079039 0.074758

TN 03 53,888,451 27,786,281 53,773,402 0.079954 0.087459 0.083283

TN 04 53,635,523 26,944,116 53,669,004 0.079579 0.084808 0.083121

TN 05 53,793,041 26,211,598 55,397,434 0.079813 0.082503 0.085798

TN 06 58,083,892 28,960,784 60,205,128 0.086179 0.091156 0.093244

TN 07 62,716,273 29,685,685 65,260,117 0.093052 0.093438 0.101073

TN 08 64,732,592 30,656,307 65,844,216 0.096044 0.096493 0.101978

TN 09 55,363,943 25,203,715 54,267,287 0.082144 0.079330 0.084048

TN 10 54,815,971 22,361,942 45,237,221 0.081331 0.070386 0.070062

TN 11 52,473,786 22,941,078 44,704,253 0.077856 0.072209 0.069237

TN 12 58,750,090 25,351,968 48,528,016 0.087168 0.079797 0.075159

VA 01 38,475,114 13,884,068 35,726,965 0.083335 0.088021 0.089043

VA 02 36,246,280 12,707,978 31,318,850 0.078508 0.080565 0.078057

VA 03 34,493,035 12,014,135 28,445,130 0.074710 0.076167 0.070894

VA 04 33,658,381 11,725,743 27,639,417 0.072902 0.074338 0.068886

VA 05 30,058,763 11,157,143 27,241,039 0.065106 0.070733 0.067893

VA 06 40,434,224 13,273,415 36,207,957 0.087578 0.084150 0.090242

A-2

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 21 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix A

Actual 2002 State Level Monthly Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Actual Reported Values [2002]

Calculated Ratios

VA 07 46,742,629 15,010,587 43,450,363 0.101242 0.095163 0.108292

VA 08 48,824,486 15,473,443 43,802,591 0.105751 0.098098 0.109170

VA 09 38,575,335 12,737,625 32,393,260 0.083552 0.080753 0.080734

VA 10 33,870,666 11,850,176 28,537,080 0.073362 0.075127 0.071124

VA 11 35,473,124 12,423,503 29,886,473 0.076833 0.078762 0.074487

VA 12 44,839,404 15,477,229 36,583,137 0.097120 0.098122 0.091177

WV 01 96,944,793 42,044,442 79,092,849 0.095586 0.093087 0.087747

WV 02 82,119,857 40,236,394 75,363,295 0.080968 0.089084 0.083610

WV 03 80,265,558 39,449,563 74,655,220 0.079140 0.087342 0.082824

WV 04 73,771,312 36,354,805 65,768,483 0.072737 0.080490 0.072965

WV 05 77,750,748 29,700,855 71,390,537 0.076661 0.065758 0.079202

WV 06 81,443,429 33,281,430 76,494,657 0.080302 0.073686 0.084865

WV 07 92,721,546 37,174,696 85,322,770 0.091422 0.082305 0.094659

WV 08 90,767,443 34,927,795 80,025,146 0.089495 0.077331 0.088782

WV 09 75,981,801 31,220,707 67,184,933 0.074916 0.069123 0.074536

WV 10 84,776,265 40,999,243 73,853,919 0.083588 0.090773 0.081935

WV 11 85,826,466 41,795,648 73,025,375 0.084623 0.092536 0.081016

WV 12 91,850,814 44,482,447 79,194,247 0.090563 0.098485 0.087860

A-3

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 22 

 December 17, 2007
Atmonspheric Sciences Group Appendix B

Actual 2002 Alabama Monthly Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

0.120

0.100

0.080

0.060

0.040

0.020

0.000

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep O

Month

Normailzed Distribution Ratio

SO2 Ratio

NOx Ratio

Heat Input

Emissions Preparation & Results Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 23  December 17, 2007
Atmonspheric Sciences Group Appendix B

Actual 2002 Florida Monthly Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

0.120

0.100

0.080

0.060

0.040

0.020

0.000

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep O

Month

Normailzed Distribution Ratio

SO2 Ratio

NOx Ratio

Heat Input

Emissions Preparation & Results Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 24  December 17, 2007
Atmonspheric Sciences Group Appendix B

Actual 2002 Georgia Monthly Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

0.120

0.100

0.080

0.060

0.040

0.020

0.000

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep O

Month

Normailzed Distribution Ratio

SO2 Ratio

NOx Ratio

Heat Input

Emissions Preparation & Results Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 25  December 17, 2007
Atmonspheric Sciences Group Appendix B

Actual 2002 Kentucky Monthly Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

0.120

0.100

0.080

0.060

0.040

0.020

0.000

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep O

Month

Normailzed Distribution Ratio

SO2 Ratio

NOx Ratio

Heat Input

Emissions Preparation & Results Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 26  December 17, 2007
Atmonspheric Sciences Group Appendix B

Actual 2002 Mississippi Monthly Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

0.140

0.120

0.100

0.080

0.060

0.040

0.020

0.000

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep O

Month

Normailzed Distribution Ratio

SO2 Ratio

NOx Ratio

Heat Input

Emissions Preparation & Results Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 27  December 17, 2007
Atmonspheric Sciences Group Appendix B

Actual 2002 North Carolina Monthly Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

0.120

0.100

0.080

0.060

0.040

0.020

0.000

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep O

Month

Normailzed Distribution Ratio

SO2 Ratio

NOx Ratio

Heat Input

Emissions Preparation & Results Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 28  December 17, 2007
Atmonspheric Sciences Group Appendix B

Actual 2002 South Carolina Monthly Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

0.120

0.100

0.080

0.060

0.040

0.020

0.000

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep O

Month

Normailzed Distribution Ratio

SO2 Ratio

NOx Ratio

Heat Input

Emissions Preparation & Results Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 29  December 17, 2007
Atmonspheric Sciences Group Appendix B

Actual 2002 Tennessee Monthly Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

0.120

0.100

0.080

0.060

0.040

0.020

0.000

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep O

Month

Normailzed Distribution Ratio

SO2 Ratio

NOx Ratio

Heat Input

Emissions Preparation & Results Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 30  December 17, 2007
Atmonspheric Sciences Group Appendix B

Actual 2002 Virginia Monthly Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

0.120

0.100

0.080

0.060

0.040

0.020

0.000

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep O

Month

Normailzed Distribution Ratio

SO2 Ratio

NOx Ratio

Heat Input

Emissions Preparation & Results Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 31  December 17, 2007
Atmonspheric Sciences Group Appendix B

Actual 2002 West Virginia Monthly Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

0.120

0.100

0.080

0.060

0.040

0.020

0.000

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep O

Month

Normailzed Distribution Ratio

SO2 Ratio

NOx Ratio

Heat Input

Emissions Preparation & Results Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 32  December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix C

Actual 2002 State Level Monthly-Day of Week Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Day of Week [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

AL Jan Sun 9,078,807 3,231,646 8,611,813 0.1261 0.1238 0.1224

AL Jan Mon 9,587,489 3,364,368 8,983,683 0.1332 0.1289 0.1277

AL Jan Tue 11,871,297 4,316,474 11,635,467 0.1649 0.1654 0.1654

AL Jan Wed 11,552,004 4,141,961 11,476,100 0.1605 0.1587 0.1631

AL Jan Thu 11,404,376 4,160,093 11,262,809 0.1584 0.1594 0.1601

AL Jan Fri 9,219,511 3,479,116 9,299,661 0.1281 0.1333 0.1322

AL Jan Sat 9,272,077 3,400,877 9,074,163 0.1288 0.1303 0.1290

AL Feb Sun 7,678,659 2,884,011 7,851,550 0.1326 0.1304 0.1313

AL Feb Mon 8,259,941 3,146,902 8,605,518 0.1427 0.1423 0.1439

AL Feb Tue 8,577,231 3,342,049 8,942,171 0.1481 0.1511 0.1495

AL Feb Wed 8,906,514 3,447,121 9,212,008 0.1538 0.1558 0.1540

AL Feb Thu 8,898,663 3,439,817 9,113,886 0.1537 0.1555 0.1524

AL Feb Fri 7,896,813 2,939,154 8,119,378 0.1364 0.1329 0.1357

AL Feb Sat 7,685,567 2,922,218 7,972,038 0.1327 0.1321 0.1333

AL Mar Sun 9,169,116 3,442,468 8,988,048 0.1542 0.1516 0.1547

AL Mar Mon 7,985,823 3,055,344 7,932,040 0.1343 0.1345 0.1366

AL Mar Tue 7,961,605 3,080,761 7,836,035 0.1339 0.1356 0.1349

AL Mar Wed 8,057,393 3,064,834 7,756,403 0.1355 0.1349 0.1335

AL Mar Thu 7,646,534 2,976,099 7,493,543 0.1286 0.1310 0.1290

AL Mar Fri 9,624,602 3,716,488 9,419,901 0.1618 0.1636 0.1622

AL Mar Sat 9,036,351 3,375,859 8,656,178 0.1519 0.1486 0.1490

AL Apr Sun 7,620,840 2,872,729 7,843,393 0.1260 0.1271 0.1273

AL Apr Mon 10,150,271 3,847,452 10,442,420 0.1678 0.1702 0.1695

AL Apr Tue 10,493,280 3,823,328 10,456,244 0.1734 0.1692 0.1697

AL Apr Wed 8,320,056 3,020,201 8,435,022 0.1375 0.1336 0.1369

AL Apr Thu 7,965,139 3,041,039 8,333,366 0.1317 0.1346 0.1352

AL Apr Fri 8,062,984 3,022,769 8,122,807 0.1333 0.1337 0.1318

AL Apr Sat 7,885,908 2,973,818 7,983,785 0.1303 0.1316 0.1296

AL May Sun 8,107,156 2,976,706 8,104,159 0.1207 0.1198 0.1174

AL May Mon 8,344,498 3,122,652 8,602,771 0.1243 0.1257 0.1246

AL May Tue 8,661,029 3,272,698 9,166,876 0.1290 0.1317 0.1328

AL May Wed 11,060,209 4,019,235 11,271,411 0.1647 0.1618 0.1633

AL May Thu 11,105,548 4,148,329 11,677,777 0.1654 0.1670 0.1692

AL May Fri 11,312,659 4,217,537 11,782,733 0.1685 0.1698 0.1707

AL May Sat 8,550,201 3,085,052 8,416,307 0.1273 0.1242 0.1219

AL Jun Sun 12,587,947 4,402,497 12,982,636 0.1541 0.1548 0.1527

AL Jun Mon 11,311,870 3,948,700 11,605,638 0.1385 0.1388 0.1365

AL Jun Tue 11,236,776 3,984,947 11,798,088 0.1376 0.1401 0.1388

AL Jun Wed 11,369,518 3,928,254 12,018,504 0.1392 0.1381 0.1414

AL Jun Thu 11,706,257 3,940,713 12,092,484 0.1433 0.1385 0.1422

AL Jun Fri 10,946,286 3,800,514 11,469,300 0.1340 0.1336 0.1349

AL Jun Sat 12,520,487 4,442,695 13,044,653 0.1533 0.1562 0.1534

AL Jul Sun 11,366,228 3,975,824 12,027,702 0.1267 0.1289 0.1265

AL Jul Mon 14,589,504 5,091,302 15,716,753 0.1626 0.1650 0.1652

AL Jul Tue 14,544,109 5,000,409 15,611,007 0.1621 0.1621 0.1641

AL Jul Wed 14,205,305 4,936,355 15,547,284 0.1583 0.1600 0.1635

AL Jul Thu 11,905,134 3,883,382 12,075,394 0.1327 0.1259 0.1270

AL Jul Fri 11,644,249 3,998,238 12,084,420 0.1298 0.1296 0.1271

AL Jul Sat 11,483,394 3,964,115 12,048,177 0.1280 0.1285 0.1267

AL Aug Sun 10,825,551 3,821,512 11,515,637 0.1218 0.1249 0.1226

AL Aug Mon 11,445,364 4,000,822 12,190,122 0.1288 0.1307 0.1298

AL Aug Tue 12,007,879 4,045,329 12,492,605 0.1351 0.1322 0.1330

AL Aug Wed 11,922,474 4,052,097 12,481,993 0.1341 0.1324 0.1329

AL Aug Thu 14,078,738 4,923,253 15,268,914 0.1584 0.1609 0.1625

AL Aug Fri 14,553,733 4,962,397 15,356,359 0.1637 0.1622 0.1635

AL Aug Sat 14,059,804 4,795,544 14,644,879 0.1582 0.1567 0.1559

AL Sep Sun 13,072,758 4,471,264 13,196,855 0.1590 0.1592 0.1563

Actual Reported Values [2002]

Calculated Ratios

C-1

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 33 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix C

Actual 2002 State Level Monthly-Day of Week Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Day of Week [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Actual Reported Values [2002]

Calculated Ratios

AL Sep Mon 13,294,919 4,721,035 14,078,907 0.1617 0.1681 0.1668

AL Sep Tue 11,047,145 3,741,275 11,630,507 0.1343 0.1332 0.1378

AL Sep Wed 11,238,257 3,759,477 11,648,841 0.1367 0.1338 0.1380

AL Sep Thu 11,442,771 3,799,645 11,604,738 0.1391 0.1353 0.1375

AL Sep Fri 11,202,342 3,873,202 11,416,026 0.1362 0.1379 0.1352

AL Sep Sat 10,939,047 3,724,756 10,839,095 0.1330 0.1326 0.1284

AL Oct Sun 10,266,327 3,811,745 9,910,846 0.1272 0.1283 0.1264

AL Oct Mon 10,511,864 3,893,598 10,251,681 0.1302 0.1311 0.1308

AL Oct Tue 13,228,690 4,772,703 12,828,813 0.1639 0.1607 0.1637

AL Oct Wed 12,878,703 4,736,208 12,615,330 0.1596 0.1594 0.1609

AL Oct Thu 12,833,772 4,840,532 12,710,749 0.1590 0.1630 0.1622

AL Oct Fri 10,462,972 3,882,324 10,152,030 0.1296 0.1307 0.1295

AL Oct Sat 10,529,880 3,766,773 9,918,226 0.1305 0.1268 0.1265

AL Nov Sun 9,435,823 3,618,731 9,252,124 0.1271 0.1280 0.1272

AL Nov Mon 9,815,895 3,866,691 9,985,632 0.1322 0.1367 0.1372

AL Nov Tue 9,908,528 3,758,532 9,858,206 0.1335 0.1329 0.1355

AL Nov Wed 10,263,466 3,844,651 9,895,694 0.1382 0.1360 0.1360

AL Nov Thu 10,032,649 3,798,189 9,806,574 0.1351 0.1343 0.1348

AL Nov Fri 12,478,956 4,733,218 12,183,571 0.1681 0.1674 0.1674

AL Nov Sat 12,307,237 4,657,337 11,778,669 0.1658 0.1647 0.1619

AL Dec Sun 13,039,568 4,497,908 11,373,273 0.1591 0.1563 0.1564

AL Dec Mon 13,332,284 4,684,608 11,658,842 0.1626 0.1628 0.1603

AL Dec Tue 12,586,572 4,509,227 11,390,750 0.1535 0.1567 0.1566

AL Dec Wed 10,401,903 3,640,431 9,394,390 0.1269 0.1265 0.1292

AL Dec Thu 10,699,833 3,718,555 9,589,043 0.1305 0.1292 0.1319

AL Dec Fri 11,098,568 3,886,991 9,771,669 0.1354 0.1351 0.1344

AL Dec Sat 10,824,595 3,839,120 9,540,370 0.1320 0.1334 0.1312

FL Jan Sun 6,460,018 4,145,458 12,075,614 0.0953 0.0987 0.1064

FL Jan Mon 8,223,824 5,249,656 14,295,053 0.1214 0.1250 0.1259

FL Jan Tue 11,267,068 6,878,180 18,626,699 0.1663 0.1637 0.1641

FL Jan Wed 12,006,882 7,370,189 19,424,661 0.1772 0.1755 0.1711

FL Jan Thu 11,580,132 7,146,149 19,145,131 0.1709 0.1701 0.1686

FL Jan Fri 9,933,130 6,055,862 15,781,937 0.1466 0.1442 0.1390

FL Jan Sat 8,284,487 5,159,019 14,182,886 0.1223 0.1228 0.1249

FL Feb Sun 6,580,888 4,153,211 11,712,808 0.1164 0.1216 0.1274

FL Feb Mon 7,821,429 4,772,468 12,898,655 0.1384 0.1398 0.1402

FL Feb Tue 8,529,572 5,203,703 13,717,324 0.1509 0.1524 0.1492

FL Feb Wed 8,869,381 5,320,865 13,997,444 0.1569 0.1558 0.1522

FL Feb Thu 9,547,499 5,584,277 14,448,682 0.1689 0.1635 0.1571

FL Feb Fri 8,171,784 4,783,682 13,156,243 0.1446 0.1401 0.1430

FL Feb Sat 6,995,726 4,327,246 12,038,684 0.1238 0.1267 0.1309

FL Mar Sun 10,436,073 5,703,152 16,073,032 0.1491 0.1453 0.1493

FL Mar Mon 10,042,536 5,525,518 14,872,599 0.1435 0.1408 0.1381

FL Mar Tue 10,504,478 5,792,477 15,448,467 0.1501 0.1476 0.1435

FL Mar Wed 9,340,619 5,216,743 14,425,208 0.1334 0.1329 0.1340

FL Mar Thu 8,492,454 4,795,916 13,518,581 0.1213 0.1222 0.1255

FL Mar Fri 11,164,084 6,463,221 17,344,633 0.1595 0.1647 0.1611

FL Mar Sat 10,017,039 5,747,641 16,003,244 0.1431 0.1465 0.1486

FL Apr Sun 8,585,377 4,964,930 14,931,077 0.1165 0.1216 0.1264

FL Apr Mon 12,745,138 6,974,440 20,136,929 0.1730 0.1708 0.1704

FL Apr Tue 13,343,375 7,153,016 20,555,830 0.1811 0.1752 0.1739

FL Apr Wed 10,008,186 5,591,661 15,816,344 0.1358 0.1370 0.1338

FL Apr Thu 10,282,959 5,571,398 16,008,555 0.1396 0.1365 0.1355

FL Apr Fri 9,897,428 5,469,872 15,727,299 0.1343 0.1340 0.1331

FL Apr Sat 8,816,175 5,098,925 14,994,963 0.1197 0.1249 0.1269

FL May Sun 10,872,937 5,917,228 17,154,454 0.1223 0.1208 0.1205

FL May Mon 11,087,315 6,389,920 18,204,704 0.1247 0.1305 0.1279

C-2

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 34 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix C

Actual 2002 State Level Monthly-Day of Week Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Day of Week [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Actual Reported Values [2002]

Calculated Ratios

FL May Tue 11,144,651 6,436,362 18,386,978 0.1254 0.1314 0.1292

FL May Wed 14,157,439 7,871,861 23,067,275 0.1593 0.1607 0.1620

FL May Thu 14,810,343 8,012,280 23,271,348 0.1666 0.1636 0.1635

FL May Fri 15,308,300 8,088,722 23,788,784 0.1722 0.1652 0.1671

FL May Sat 11,508,619 6,258,321 18,477,502 0.1295 0.1278 0.1298

FL Jun Sun 12,367,759 6,882,537 21,942,803 0.1551 0.1563 0.1583

FL Jun Mon 11,089,956 6,219,462 19,326,803 0.1391 0.1413 0.1394

FL Jun Tue 10,971,633 6,121,052 18,888,412 0.1376 0.1390 0.1362

FL Jun Wed 11,459,795 6,206,384 19,340,130 0.1437 0.1410 0.1395

FL Jun Thu 11,212,701 6,178,620 19,271,553 0.1406 0.1403 0.1390

FL Jun Fri 10,572,042 5,742,576 18,179,541 0.1326 0.1304 0.1311

FL Jun Sat 12,062,267 6,676,517 21,699,426 0.1513 0.1516 0.1565

FL Jul Sun 11,389,822 6,203,670 19,727,509 0.1207 0.1241 0.1256

FL Jul Mon 15,576,693 8,073,373 25,570,026 0.1650 0.1614 0.1628

FL Jul Tue 15,745,575 8,312,180 25,816,928 0.1668 0.1662 0.1644

FL Jul Wed 16,455,780 8,585,816 26,347,891 0.1743 0.1717 0.1677

FL Jul Thu 12,386,180 6,441,152 20,216,893 0.1312 0.1288 0.1287

FL Jul Fri 11,671,181 6,307,316 19,905,505 0.1236 0.1261 0.1267

FL Jul Sat 11,176,329 6,083,834 19,490,845 0.1184 0.1217 0.1241

FL Aug Sun 11,119,169 6,052,295 20,141,414 0.1195 0.1209 0.1254

FL Aug Mon 12,439,096 6,729,392 21,508,484 0.1337 0.1344 0.1339

FL Aug Tue 12,028,439 6,501,920 20,980,955 0.1293 0.1298 0.1306

FL Aug Wed 11,903,888 6,410,214 20,537,494 0.1279 0.1280 0.1279

FL Aug Thu 15,997,665 8,468,246 26,490,393 0.1719 0.1691 0.1649

FL Aug Fri 15,513,519 8,145,000 25,857,372 0.1667 0.1626 0.1610

FL Aug Sat 14,039,647 7,769,981 25,085,246 0.1509 0.1552 0.1562

FL Sep Sun 14,248,272 7,881,518 25,139,667 0.1526 0.1602 0.1617

FL Sep Mon 15,481,285 8,321,569 26,523,726 0.1658 0.1692 0.1706

FL Sep Tue 13,875,523 6,610,166 21,058,066 0.1486 0.1344 0.1355

FL Sep Wed 12,827,853 6,510,169 20,695,394 0.1374 0.1324 0.1331

FL Sep Thu 12,381,697 6,587,855 20,702,534 0.1326 0.1339 0.1332

FL Sep Fri 12,599,112 6,705,049 20,791,900 0.1350 0.1363 0.1338

FL Sep Sat 11,935,491 6,567,663 20,521,823 0.1279 0.1335 0.1320

FL Oct Sun 10,201,802 5,635,841 18,079,248 0.1211 0.1203 0.1235

FL Oct Mon 10,950,396 6,102,400 19,331,362 0.1300 0.1303 0.1321

FL Oct Tue 14,462,004 7,914,664 24,697,888 0.1717 0.1690 0.1688

FL Oct Wed 13,960,820 7,814,557 24,127,857 0.1658 0.1668 0.1649

FL Oct Thu 13,145,418 7,478,321 23,145,375 0.1561 0.1597 0.1582

FL Oct Fri 10,799,123 6,073,134 18,679,147 0.1282 0.1297 0.1276

FL Oct Sat 10,694,885 5,818,576 18,286,411 0.1270 0.1242 0.1250

FL Nov Sun 7,657,765 4,160,806 13,477,795 0.1268 0.1257 0.1273

FL Nov Mon 8,709,070 4,831,448 15,459,908 0.1442 0.1460 0.1460

FL Nov Tue 8,565,162 4,743,499 15,536,089 0.1419 0.1433 0.1468

FL Nov Wed 7,928,875 4,569,865 14,424,685 0.1313 0.1381 0.1363

FL Nov Thu 7,349,917 4,039,745 13,034,212 0.1217 0.1221 0.1231

FL Nov Fri 10,189,470 5,494,954 17,273,306 0.1688 0.1660 0.1632

FL Nov Sat 9,974,710 5,258,366 16,648,687 0.1652 0.1589 0.1573

FL Dec Sun 10,845,001 5,969,341 17,326,559 0.1509 0.1557 0.1551

FL Dec Mon 12,472,114 6,696,988 18,977,359 0.1736 0.1747 0.1699

FL Dec Tue 11,633,954 6,196,791 18,110,973 0.1619 0.1617 0.1621

FL Dec Wed 8,614,557 4,632,533 13,804,951 0.1199 0.1209 0.1236

FL Dec Thu 9,417,556 4,917,346 14,754,058 0.1311 0.1283 0.1321

FL Dec Fri 9,766,113 4,987,111 14,570,949 0.1359 0.1301 0.1304

FL Dec Sat 9,103,950 4,931,354 14,157,847 0.1267 0.1287 0.1267

GA Jan Sun 9,232,479 3,069,863 7,033,231 0.1129 0.1104 0.1109

GA Jan Mon 10,338,614 3,448,548 7,991,068 0.1265 0.1241 0.1260

GA Jan Tue 13,705,744 4,638,953 10,633,396 0.1676 0.1669 0.1677

C-3

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 35 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix C

Actual 2002 State Level Monthly-Day of Week Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Day of Week [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Actual Reported Values [2002]

Calculated Ratios

GA Jan Wed 13,582,481 4,709,185 10,869,230 0.1661 0.1694 0.1714

GA Jan Thu 13,486,891 4,777,788 10,715,734 0.1650 0.1719 0.1690

GA Jan Fri 11,438,830 3,805,041 8,528,349 0.1399 0.1369 0.1345

GA Jan Sat 9,971,562 3,349,832 7,644,887 0.1220 0.1205 0.1206

GA Feb Sun 8,517,612 2,781,030 6,474,213 0.1250 0.1219 0.1232

GA Feb Mon 10,022,044 3,306,596 7,599,264 0.1471 0.1449 0.1446

GA Feb Tue 10,492,127 3,510,987 8,053,143 0.1540 0.1539 0.1532

GA Feb Wed 10,239,133 3,550,856 8,250,818 0.1503 0.1556 0.1570

GA Feb Thu 10,364,380 3,560,605 8,216,068 0.1521 0.1561 0.1563

GA Feb Fri 9,479,298 3,170,924 7,167,972 0.1391 0.1390 0.1364

GA Feb Sat 9,018,899 2,933,916 6,805,104 0.1324 0.1286 0.1295

GA Mar Sun 13,057,959 4,005,097 10,089,522 0.1467 0.1437 0.1458

GA Mar Mon 11,937,355 3,841,172 9,564,295 0.1341 0.1378 0.1382

GA Mar Tue 11,860,749 3,766,317 9,351,652 0.1332 0.1351 0.1352

GA Mar Wed 12,020,458 3,764,653 9,232,574 0.1350 0.1351 0.1334

GA Mar Thu 11,560,778 3,677,100 9,056,011 0.1299 0.1319 0.1309

GA Mar Fri 14,572,757 4,616,042 11,368,579 0.1637 0.1656 0.1643

GA Mar Sat 14,005,730 4,197,929 10,522,180 0.1573 0.1506 0.1521

GA Apr Sun 10,010,321 3,054,871 8,130,063 0.1243 0.1221 0.1220

GA Apr Mon 13,726,614 4,219,606 11,234,934 0.1705 0.1687 0.1687

GA Apr Tue 13,642,243 4,159,996 11,257,306 0.1694 0.1663 0.1690

GA Apr Wed 11,119,160 3,557,859 9,454,040 0.1381 0.1422 0.1419

GA Apr Thu 11,121,181 3,547,214 9,402,072 0.1381 0.1418 0.1411

GA Apr Fri 10,992,958 3,469,508 9,154,244 0.1365 0.1387 0.1374

GA Apr Sat 9,910,312 3,010,782 7,981,698 0.1231 0.1203 0.1198

GA May Sun 9,954,317 2,489,279 7,718,318 0.1173 0.1135 0.1112

GA May Mon 11,083,543 2,846,449 8,849,737 0.1306 0.1297 0.1275

GA May Tue 10,860,158 2,817,251 8,937,307 0.1280 0.1284 0.1287

GA May Wed 14,055,700 3,723,984 11,705,218 0.1656 0.1697 0.1686

GA May Thu 14,190,755 3,795,027 12,132,195 0.1672 0.1730 0.1748

GA May Fri 14,364,190 3,677,935 11,892,964 0.1692 0.1676 0.1713

GA May Sat 10,366,117 2,589,657 8,188,607 0.1221 0.1180 0.1180

GA Jun Sun 14,272,108 3,565,552 11,872,006 0.1555 0.1520 0.1513

GA Jun Mon 12,565,097 3,230,084 10,796,899 0.1369 0.1377 0.1376

GA Jun Tue 12,662,512 3,342,327 11,036,638 0.1380 0.1425 0.1407

GA Jun Wed 12,559,472 3,370,089 11,213,296 0.1369 0.1437 0.1429

GA Jun Thu 12,721,557 3,228,578 11,169,416 0.1386 0.1377 0.1424

GA Jun Fri 12,401,462 3,087,958 10,360,176 0.1351 0.1317 0.1321

GA Jun Sat 14,585,864 3,628,231 11,995,154 0.1589 0.1547 0.1529

GA Jul Sun 13,058,471 3,295,789 10,898,881 0.1291 0.1268 0.1199

GA Jul Mon 17,056,043 4,331,902 15,504,540 0.1686 0.1667 0.1706

GA Jul Tue 16,718,544 4,271,189 15,356,784 0.1653 0.1644 0.1690

GA Jul Wed 16,380,787 4,258,436 15,192,772 0.1620 0.1639 0.1672

GA Jul Thu 12,544,497 3,284,625 11,428,407 0.1240 0.1264 0.1257

GA Jul Fri 12,723,398 3,311,110 11,501,703 0.1258 0.1274 0.1265

GA Jul Sat 12,651,296 3,234,586 11,009,335 0.1251 0.1245 0.1211

GA Aug Sun 12,591,882 3,173,151 11,054,009 0.1258 0.1234 0.1232

GA Aug Mon 12,689,424 3,377,612 12,101,546 0.1268 0.1313 0.1349

GA Aug Tue 12,811,575 3,370,696 11,902,603 0.1280 0.1310 0.1326

GA Aug Wed 13,615,740 3,466,528 11,742,465 0.1360 0.1348 0.1309

GA Aug Thu 16,548,070 4,256,601 14,871,154 0.1653 0.1655 0.1657

GA Aug Fri 16,223,157 4,132,201 14,523,344 0.1621 0.1606 0.1618

GA Aug Sat 15,625,999 3,945,870 13,541,647 0.1561 0.1534 0.1509

GA Sep Sun 14,076,695 3,552,007 11,239,335 0.1559 0.1529 0.1461

GA Sep Mon 15,118,284 3,952,189 12,971,319 0.1675 0.1701 0.1686

GA Sep Tue 12,290,870 3,222,102 10,846,543 0.1362 0.1387 0.1410

GA Sep Wed 12,207,239 3,171,924 10,870,491 0.1352 0.1366 0.1413

C-4

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 36 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix C

Actual 2002 State Level Monthly-Day of Week Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Day of Week [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Actual Reported Values [2002]

Calculated Ratios

GA Sep Thu 12,591,996 3,238,385 10,829,315 0.1395 0.1394 0.1408

GA Sep Fri 12,421,915 3,205,151 10,688,743 0.1376 0.1380 0.1390

GA Sep Sat 11,559,321 2,886,451 9,473,115 0.1281 0.1243 0.1232

GA Oct Sun 10,397,107 2,974,956 8,483,587 0.1198 0.1187 0.1178

GA Oct Mon 11,403,595 3,298,001 9,526,894 0.1314 0.1316 0.1323

GA Oct Tue 14,439,466 4,101,982 11,815,930 0.1664 0.1637 0.1640

GA Oct Wed 14,214,276 4,088,386 11,998,314 0.1638 0.1632 0.1666

GA Oct Thu 13,694,824 4,055,175 11,641,902 0.1578 0.1618 0.1616

GA Oct Fri 12,031,671 3,451,730 9,692,488 0.1386 0.1377 0.1346

GA Oct Sat 10,612,129 3,088,149 8,869,504 0.1223 0.1232 0.1231

GA Nov Sun 7,942,685 2,407,347 6,217,734 0.1207 0.1213 0.1206

GA Nov Mon 8,844,920 2,615,409 7,084,667 0.1344 0.1318 0.1374

GA Nov Tue 9,227,463 2,767,059 7,247,112 0.1402 0.1394 0.1405

GA Nov Wed 9,082,791 2,734,529 7,082,431 0.1380 0.1378 0.1373

GA Nov Thu 8,610,960 2,620,947 6,807,102 0.1309 0.1320 0.1320

GA Nov Fri 11,542,238 3,520,543 9,025,713 0.1754 0.1774 0.1750

GA Nov Sat 10,552,339 3,182,333 8,102,499 0.1604 0.1603 0.1571

GA Dec Sun 13,004,566 3,746,897 9,702,453 0.1528 0.1550 0.1536

GA Dec Mon 13,858,316 3,958,234 10,421,734 0.1628 0.1637 0.1650

GA Dec Tue 13,256,445 3,711,914 9,632,877 0.1557 0.1536 0.1525

GA Dec Wed 11,138,682 3,116,085 8,141,135 0.1308 0.1289 0.1289

GA Dec Thu 11,563,462 3,248,852 8,623,577 0.1358 0.1344 0.1365

GA Dec Fri 11,123,706 3,221,012 8,415,659 0.1307 0.1332 0.1332

GA Dec Sat 11,190,137 3,169,883 8,233,157 0.1314 0.1311 0.1303

KY Jan Sun 10,270,235 4,703,579 9,758,647 0.1162 0.1197 0.1173

KY Jan Mon 11,539,709 5,046,171 10,626,099 0.1306 0.1284 0.1277

KY Jan Tue 15,061,302 6,731,703 14,077,147 0.1704 0.1713 0.1692

KY Jan Wed 14,510,265 6,483,005 13,921,770 0.1642 0.1650 0.1674

KY Jan Thu 14,358,226 6,395,736 13,698,769 0.1624 0.1627 0.1647

KY Jan Fri 11,886,600 5,269,506 11,149,264 0.1345 0.1341 0.1340

KY Jan Sat 10,760,440 4,668,269 9,954,325 0.1217 0.1188 0.1197

KY Feb Sun 9,273,118 4,493,769 9,287,609 0.1268 0.1305 0.1286

KY Feb Mon 10,698,695 5,006,598 10,493,992 0.1463 0.1454 0.1453

KY Feb Tue 11,049,604 5,019,573 10,675,037 0.1511 0.1458 0.1478

KY Feb Wed 10,988,215 5,204,070 10,974,160 0.1502 0.1511 0.1520

KY Feb Thu 10,907,690 5,180,909 10,864,856 0.1491 0.1505 0.1505

KY Feb Fri 10,657,807 4,893,188 10,379,093 0.1457 0.1421 0.1437

KY Feb Sat 9,573,332 4,637,537 9,539,529 0.1309 0.1347 0.1321

KY Mar Sun 12,449,952 6,209,245 12,535,877 0.1505 0.1510 0.1514

KY Mar Mon 10,769,505 5,314,571 11,106,869 0.1302 0.1292 0.1341

KY Mar Tue 10,934,200 5,430,959 11,060,798 0.1322 0.1321 0.1336

KY Mar Wed 10,792,115 5,419,872 10,805,019 0.1304 0.1318 0.1305

KY Mar Thu 11,387,697 5,600,168 10,998,489 0.1376 0.1362 0.1328

KY Mar Fri 13,969,862 6,871,102 13,744,840 0.1689 0.1671 0.1660

KY Mar Sat 12,430,971 6,278,461 12,550,430 0.1503 0.1527 0.1516

KY Apr Sun 9,440,462 4,040,042 9,003,071 0.1301 0.1207 0.1208

KY Apr Mon 12,029,772 5,556,708 12,233,952 0.1658 0.1660 0.1641

KY Apr Tue 12,169,395 5,716,910 12,665,327 0.1677 0.1708 0.1699

KY Apr Wed 9,755,391 4,714,274 10,387,544 0.1345 0.1409 0.1393

KY Apr Thu 9,918,828 4,690,559 10,520,996 0.1367 0.1402 0.1411

KY Apr Fri 10,189,074 4,497,976 10,237,877 0.1404 0.1344 0.1373

KY Apr Sat 9,044,103 4,251,285 9,495,495 0.1247 0.1270 0.1274

KY May Sun 8,721,837 3,096,807 8,845,557 0.1133 0.1107 0.1147

KY May Mon 9,805,389 3,493,285 9,768,175 0.1274 0.1248 0.1267

KY May Tue 10,172,511 3,691,499 10,248,717 0.1321 0.1319 0.1329

KY May Wed 12,873,917 4,704,825 13,036,482 0.1672 0.1681 0.1691

KY May Thu 13,075,505 4,867,081 13,146,483 0.1699 0.1739 0.1705

C-5

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 37 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix C

Actual 2002 State Level Monthly-Day of Week Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Day of Week [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Actual Reported Values [2002]

Calculated Ratios

KY May Fri 13,102,085 4,803,200 12,929,328 0.1702 0.1717 0.1677

KY May Sat 9,229,392 3,323,525 9,123,052 0.1199 0.1188 0.1183

KY Jun Sun 13,097,530 4,814,592 13,368,251 0.1536 0.1576 0.1562

KY Jun Mon 11,562,934 4,122,623 11,797,191 0.1356 0.1350 0.1379

KY Jun Tue 11,825,018 4,125,795 11,986,840 0.1386 0.1351 0.1401

KY Jun Wed 11,913,603 4,146,870 11,814,114 0.1397 0.1358 0.1381

KY Jun Thu 11,761,537 4,223,220 11,682,495 0.1379 0.1383 0.1365

KY Jun Fri 11,657,871 4,138,851 11,416,531 0.1367 0.1355 0.1334

KY Jun Sat 13,475,330 4,970,974 13,512,676 0.1580 0.1628 0.1579

KY Jul Sun 11,000,103 4,228,753 11,474,666 0.1184 0.1201 0.1199

KY Jul Mon 15,221,903 5,799,467 16,236,060 0.1639 0.1647 0.1696

KY Jul Tue 15,586,161 5,892,652 16,250,857 0.1678 0.1673 0.1698

KY Jul Wed 15,848,885 5,960,625 16,059,029 0.1707 0.1693 0.1678

KY Jul Thu 12,087,649 4,641,082 12,271,901 0.1302 0.1318 0.1282

KY Jul Fri 11,938,622 4,480,461 12,055,761 0.1286 0.1272 0.1260

KY Jul Sat 11,187,371 4,212,667 11,368,284 0.1205 0.1196 0.1188

KY Aug Sun 11,464,975 3,968,809 11,390,677 0.1188 0.1198 0.1209

KY Aug Mon 12,722,876 4,364,195 12,550,331 0.1318 0.1318 0.1332

KY Aug Tue 12,838,881 4,348,497 12,127,449 0.1330 0.1313 0.1287

KY Aug Wed 12,425,590 4,305,000 11,887,785 0.1288 0.1300 0.1262

KY Aug Thu 16,393,313 5,629,334 16,016,227 0.1699 0.1700 0.1700

KY Aug Fri 15,928,210 5,441,996 15,728,517 0.1651 0.1643 0.1669

KY Aug Sat 14,728,068 5,063,965 14,521,296 0.1526 0.1529 0.1541

KY Sep Sun 12,334,892 4,393,170 12,436,610 0.1501 0.1576 0.1542

KY Sep Mon 13,086,486 4,521,776 13,321,536 0.1592 0.1622 0.1652

KY Sep Tue 11,454,621 3,771,255 11,237,734 0.1394 0.1353 0.1394

KY Sep Wed 11,907,326 3,898,335 11,356,949 0.1449 0.1398 0.1408

KY Sep Thu 12,209,265 3,979,824 11,420,214 0.1485 0.1428 0.1416

KY Sep Fri 11,475,114 3,934,062 11,034,323 0.1396 0.1411 0.1368

KY Sep Sat 9,727,491 3,379,189 9,836,525 0.1183 0.1212 0.1220

KY Oct Sun 7,030,398 3,265,328 8,040,664 0.1131 0.1181 0.1170

KY Oct Mon 7,922,852 3,562,669 8,966,781 0.1274 0.1289 0.1304

KY Oct Tue 10,269,313 4,485,604 11,437,533 0.1651 0.1623 0.1664

KY Oct Wed 10,417,054 4,606,075 11,429,565 0.1675 0.1667 0.1663

KY Oct Thu 10,272,497 4,614,147 11,437,553 0.1652 0.1669 0.1664

KY Oct Fri 8,629,280 3,726,376 9,200,723 0.1388 0.1348 0.1338

KY Oct Sat 7,644,159 3,378,296 8,234,771 0.1229 0.1222 0.1198

KY Nov Sun 8,150,962 3,587,210 8,195,700 0.1275 0.1265 0.1236

KY Nov Mon 8,513,454 3,754,778 8,830,831 0.1331 0.1324 0.1332

KY Nov Tue 8,956,056 3,849,691 9,157,593 0.1401 0.1358 0.1381

KY Nov Wed 9,009,202 3,930,605 9,392,895 0.1409 0.1386 0.1417

KY Nov Thu 8,785,090 3,867,535 9,137,339 0.1374 0.1364 0.1378

KY Nov Fri 10,638,305 4,839,143 11,154,899 0.1664 0.1706 0.1683

KY Nov Sat 9,885,969 4,529,531 10,426,245 0.1546 0.1597 0.1573

KY Dec Sun 13,751,086 5,791,894 12,574,986 0.1555 0.1524 0.1544

KY Dec Mon 14,708,462 6,185,093 13,319,447 0.1663 0.1627 0.1635

KY Dec Tue 13,646,586 5,957,038 12,733,986 0.1543 0.1567 0.1563

KY Dec Wed 11,490,561 4,982,102 10,673,162 0.1299 0.1311 0.1310

KY Dec Thu 11,581,339 4,966,695 10,704,120 0.1310 0.1306 0.1314

KY Dec Fri 11,670,703 5,125,253 10,866,627 0.1320 0.1348 0.1334

KY Dec Sat 11,582,639 5,007,797 10,592,536 0.1310 0.1317 0.1300

MS Jan Sun 904,897 540,780 2,229,272 0.1127 0.1202 0.1193

MS Jan Mon 884,693 538,688 2,419,669 0.1102 0.1197 0.1294

MS Jan Tue 1,272,678 763,344 3,176,764 0.1585 0.1697 0.1699

MS Jan Wed 1,256,638 725,387 3,015,192 0.1565 0.1612 0.1613

MS Jan Thu 1,435,210 724,606 2,987,585 0.1787 0.1611 0.1598

MS Jan Fri 1,279,731 647,676 2,591,505 0.1593 0.1440 0.1386

C-6

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 38 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix C

Actual 2002 State Level Monthly-Day of Week Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Day of Week [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Actual Reported Values [2002]

Calculated Ratios

MS Jan Sat 997,835 558,084 2,273,291 0.1242 0.1241 0.1216

MS Feb Sun 704,878 502,518 1,954,626 0.1349 0.1155 0.1155

MS Feb Mon 750,012 600,918 2,445,498 0.1436 0.1381 0.1445

MS Feb Tue 769,346 683,480 2,604,310 0.1473 0.1570 0.1539

MS Feb Wed 745,941 672,171 2,688,374 0.1428 0.1544 0.1589

MS Feb Thu 734,368 695,394 2,753,744 0.1406 0.1598 0.1628

MS Feb Fri 729,864 613,779 2,339,840 0.1397 0.1410 0.1383

MS Feb Sat 789,351 584,212 2,131,987 0.1511 0.1342 0.1260

MS Mar Sun 1,313,576 763,531 2,842,229 0.1475 0.1511 0.1455

MS Mar Mon 1,305,394 744,917 2,942,525 0.1466 0.1474 0.1507

MS Mar Tue 1,240,604 737,401 2,723,527 0.1393 0.1459 0.1395

MS Mar Wed 1,014,880 591,810 2,447,882 0.1140 0.1171 0.1253

MS Mar Thu 1,203,282 568,338 2,433,636 0.1351 0.1125 0.1246

MS Mar Fri 1,411,498 839,796 3,277,887 0.1585 0.1662 0.1679

MS Mar Sat 1,415,268 807,839 2,860,871 0.1589 0.1599 0.1465

MS Apr Sun 1,031,720 896,711 2,547,692 0.1215 0.1283 0.1183

MS Apr Mon 1,418,557 1,119,333 3,749,101 0.1671 0.1601 0.1741

MS Apr Tue 1,448,693 1,151,001 3,823,746 0.1706 0.1646 0.1775

MS Apr Wed 1,181,200 1,025,202 2,989,515 0.1391 0.1467 0.1388

MS Apr Thu 1,158,271 974,419 2,974,759 0.1364 0.1394 0.1381

MS Apr Fri 1,257,424 960,388 2,979,508 0.1481 0.1374 0.1383

MS Apr Sat 994,479 863,580 2,474,681 0.1171 0.1235 0.1149

MS May Sun 1,422,694 1,064,533 3,121,756 0.1214 0.1199 0.1178

MS May Mon 1,468,064 1,154,670 3,426,385 0.1253 0.1301 0.1293

MS May Tue 1,486,600 1,157,161 3,569,177 0.1269 0.1303 0.1347

MS May Wed 1,996,595 1,534,145 4,559,048 0.1704 0.1728 0.1721

MS May Thu 2,011,508 1,429,857 4,350,367 0.1717 0.1611 0.1642

MS May Fri 1,882,909 1,419,566 4,303,561 0.1607 0.1599 0.1624

MS May Sat 1,447,731 1,117,427 3,164,211 0.1236 0.1259 0.1194

MS Jun Sun 1,832,954 1,451,407 4,926,211 0.1564 0.1584 0.1523

MS Jun Mon 1,661,528 1,310,917 4,491,165 0.1418 0.1431 0.1388

MS Jun Tue 1,653,189 1,337,291 4,696,628 0.1411 0.1460 0.1452

MS Jun Wed 1,612,479 1,245,751 4,617,148 0.1376 0.1360 0.1427

MS Jun Thu 1,570,037 1,184,933 4,493,868 0.1340 0.1294 0.1389

MS Jun Fri 1,513,745 1,142,742 4,270,744 0.1292 0.1248 0.1320

MS Jun Sat 1,876,156 1,487,107 4,855,426 0.1601 0.1623 0.1501

MS Jul Sun 1,358,639 1,254,953 4,798,594 0.1270 0.1297 0.1219

MS Jul Mon 1,689,165 1,629,981 6,863,935 0.1579 0.1684 0.1744

MS Jul Tue 1,675,253 1,569,842 6,583,694 0.1566 0.1622 0.1673

MS Jul Wed 1,735,708 1,530,321 6,472,288 0.1622 0.1581 0.1645

MS Jul Thu 1,396,555 1,176,693 4,815,474 0.1305 0.1216 0.1224

MS Jul Fri 1,459,492 1,229,244 4,975,617 0.1364 0.1270 0.1264

MS Jul Sat 1,383,849 1,287,607 4,843,560 0.1293 0.1330 0.1231

MS Aug Sun 1,497,659 1,159,011 4,262,061 0.1223 0.1226 0.1191

MS Aug Mon 1,589,252 1,245,350 4,802,292 0.1298 0.1317 0.1342

MS Aug Tue 1,554,535 1,269,499 4,718,796 0.1269 0.1343 0.1319

MS Aug Wed 1,655,644 1,263,557 4,645,132 0.1352 0.1336 0.1298

MS Aug Thu 2,050,836 1,530,464 6,097,728 0.1674 0.1619 0.1704

MS Aug Fri 1,970,009 1,506,798 5,957,979 0.1608 0.1594 0.1665

MS Aug Sat 1,930,441 1,480,644 5,304,563 0.1576 0.1566 0.1482

MS Sep Sun 2,075,570 1,344,183 4,728,914 0.1558 0.1488 0.1466

MS Sep Mon 2,226,209 1,541,736 5,542,349 0.1672 0.1707 0.1718

MS Sep Tue 1,801,422 1,218,091 4,585,278 0.1353 0.1348 0.1421

MS Sep Wed 1,798,606 1,224,911 4,480,227 0.1350 0.1356 0.1389

MS Sep Thu 1,806,354 1,224,706 4,390,807 0.1356 0.1356 0.1361

MS Sep Fri 1,857,849 1,274,918 4,472,483 0.1395 0.1411 0.1386

MS Sep Sat 1,752,121 1,204,977 4,064,017 0.1316 0.1334 0.1260

C-7

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 39 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix C

Actual 2002 State Level Monthly-Day of Week Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Day of Week [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Actual Reported Values [2002]

Calculated Ratios

MS Oct Sun 2,220,003 962,280 2,894,748 0.1422 0.1207 0.1190

MS Oct Mon 1,981,879 996,422 3,021,027 0.1270 0.1250 0.1242

MS Oct Tue 2,322,184 1,327,051 4,117,422 0.1488 0.1665 0.1693

MS Oct Wed 2,340,334 1,273,244 4,160,206 0.1500 0.1597 0.1711

MS Oct Thu 2,607,752 1,260,699 3,968,751 0.1671 0.1582 0.1632

MS Oct Fri 2,152,085 1,122,427 3,209,223 0.1379 0.1408 0.1320

MS Oct Sat 1,982,595 1,028,473 2,949,412 0.1270 0.1290 0.1213

MS Nov Sun 1,640,681 807,360 2,569,335 0.1361 0.1296 0.1256

MS Nov Mon 1,693,415 914,715 2,966,915 0.1405 0.1468 0.1450

MS Nov Tue 1,601,550 832,892 2,793,803 0.1328 0.1337 0.1366

MS Nov Wed 1,576,741 831,228 2,755,602 0.1308 0.1334 0.1347

MS Nov Thu 1,596,917 832,323 2,785,168 0.1325 0.1336 0.1361

MS Nov Fri 1,996,460 1,047,089 3,453,120 0.1656 0.1680 0.1688

MS Nov Sat 1,949,796 966,088 3,132,747 0.1617 0.1550 0.1531

MS Dec Sun 1,996,486 1,008,277 3,334,370 0.1482 0.1363 0.1459

MS Dec Mon 2,203,790 1,145,523 3,649,094 0.1636 0.1549 0.1597

MS Dec Tue 2,106,378 1,140,221 3,585,275 0.1564 0.1542 0.1569

MS Dec Wed 1,716,941 1,026,918 3,164,414 0.1275 0.1388 0.1385

MS Dec Thu 1,928,610 1,106,585 3,198,528 0.1432 0.1496 0.1400

MS Dec Fri 1,821,097 1,029,176 3,056,645 0.1352 0.1391 0.1338

MS Dec Sat 1,695,628 939,777 2,863,358 0.1259 0.1271 0.1253

NC Jan Sun 8,446,366 2,681,807 6,134,314 0.1124 0.1079 0.1097

NC Jan Mon 10,171,604 3,345,762 7,371,709 0.1354 0.1346 0.1319

NC Jan Tue 12,566,630 4,153,575 9,290,616 0.1673 0.1671 0.1662

NC Jan Wed 13,221,695 4,348,717 9,904,866 0.1760 0.1749 0.1772

NC Jan Thu 11,787,737 3,925,957 8,899,677 0.1569 0.1579 0.1592

NC Jan Fri 9,197,100 3,117,223 6,972,591 0.1224 0.1254 0.1247

NC Jan Sat 9,745,220 3,285,303 7,325,904 0.1297 0.1322 0.1311

NC Feb Sun 7,304,746 2,355,707 5,555,402 0.1166 0.1119 0.1156

NC Feb Mon 10,056,545 3,418,509 7,593,637 0.1606 0.1624 0.1580

NC Feb Tue 10,385,306 3,595,088 7,978,509 0.1658 0.1708 0.1660

NC Feb Wed 9,981,814 3,455,989 7,768,728 0.1594 0.1642 0.1616

NC Feb Thu 9,831,231 3,369,143 7,670,776 0.1570 0.1601 0.1596

NC Feb Fri 8,018,270 2,576,448 6,077,023 0.1280 0.1224 0.1264

NC Feb Sat 7,047,666 2,278,536 5,416,679 0.1125 0.1082 0.1127

NC Mar Sun 9,739,481 3,163,701 7,352,756 0.1273 0.1223 0.1256

NC Mar Mon 10,962,526 3,746,649 8,610,209 0.1433 0.1448 0.1471

NC Mar Tue 11,050,595 3,808,634 8,676,652 0.1444 0.1472 0.1482

NC Mar Wed 11,143,002 3,781,070 8,419,884 0.1456 0.1461 0.1439

NC Mar Thu 10,503,277 3,560,977 7,894,508 0.1373 0.1376 0.1349

NC Mar Fri 12,350,667 4,207,136 9,412,951 0.1614 0.1626 0.1608

NC Mar Sat 10,760,836 3,603,048 8,162,391 0.1406 0.1393 0.1395

NC Apr Sun 7,418,351 2,442,417 5,924,501 0.1149 0.1169 0.1156

NC Apr Mon 11,101,684 3,538,012 8,670,601 0.1720 0.1693 0.1692

NC Apr Tue 11,123,979 3,624,636 8,873,339 0.1723 0.1735 0.1731

NC Apr Wed 9,040,206 2,943,073 7,348,177 0.1401 0.1408 0.1434

NC Apr Thu 9,109,135 2,973,631 7,390,821 0.1411 0.1423 0.1442

NC Apr Fri 9,127,925 2,905,104 7,047,939 0.1414 0.1390 0.1375

NC Apr Sat 7,622,729 2,469,220 5,993,311 0.1181 0.1182 0.1169

NC May Sun 6,302,423 1,845,303 4,899,811 0.0950 0.0968 0.0972

NC May Mon 8,011,934 2,375,964 6,157,806 0.1207 0.1247 0.1222

NC May Tue 8,543,861 2,433,460 6,537,302 0.1287 0.1277 0.1297

NC May Wed 11,761,292 3,325,775 8,839,985 0.1772 0.1745 0.1754

NC May Thu 12,618,376 3,596,311 9,346,529 0.1901 0.1887 0.1854

NC May Fri 12,025,175 3,450,325 9,189,881 0.1812 0.1810 0.1823

NC May Sat 7,099,814 2,033,551 5,434,312 0.1070 0.1067 0.1078

NC Jun Sun 11,994,684 3,486,676 9,165,389 0.1413 0.1411 0.1387

C-8

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 40 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix C

Actual 2002 State Level Monthly-Day of Week Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Day of Week [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Actual Reported Values [2002]

Calculated Ratios

NC Jun Mon 11,802,811 3,608,397 9,302,131 0.1391 0.1461 0.1408

NC Jun Tue 12,049,906 3,592,704 9,704,591 0.1420 0.1454 0.1469

NC Jun Wed 12,231,769 3,538,150 9,829,867 0.1441 0.1432 0.1488

NC Jun Thu 12,381,596 3,536,034 9,714,573 0.1459 0.1431 0.1470

NC Jun Fri 11,684,595 3,366,516 8,745,531 0.1377 0.1363 0.1324

NC Jun Sat 12,726,957 3,575,990 9,602,725 0.1500 0.1448 0.1454

NC Jul Sun 11,448,700 3,228,094 8,995,898 0.1177 0.1167 0.1152

NC Jul Mon 16,133,073 4,702,944 13,537,615 0.1659 0.1700 0.1734

NC Jul Tue 16,479,766 4,824,393 13,766,597 0.1694 0.1744 0.1763

NC Jul Wed 16,984,370 4,745,921 13,527,744 0.1746 0.1715 0.1732

NC Jul Thu 12,260,436 3,411,582 9,549,979 0.1260 0.1233 0.1223

NC Jul Fri 12,122,655 3,431,079 9,595,200 0.1246 0.1240 0.1229

NC Jul Sat 11,845,801 3,324,333 9,112,995 0.1218 0.1201 0.1167

NC Aug Sun 11,072,635 2,963,784 8,703,011 0.1210 0.1154 0.1184

NC Aug Mon 12,661,063 3,599,089 10,326,051 0.1383 0.1402 0.1404

NC Aug Tue 12,513,775 3,590,375 10,109,127 0.1367 0.1398 0.1375

NC Aug Wed 11,559,338 3,181,655 9,187,608 0.1263 0.1239 0.1250

NC Aug Thu 15,351,044 4,399,396 12,387,874 0.1677 0.1714 0.1685

NC Aug Fri 15,014,139 4,273,209 12,191,345 0.1641 0.1664 0.1658

NC Aug Sat 13,348,231 3,665,764 10,616,707 0.1459 0.1428 0.1444

NC Sep Sun 12,011,365 3,358,571 9,205,904 0.1409 0.1343 0.1379

NC Sep Mon 14,043,987 4,198,925 11,017,684 0.1647 0.1679 0.1651

NC Sep Tue 11,751,511 3,495,842 9,439,256 0.1378 0.1398 0.1414

NC Sep Wed 12,138,403 3,552,624 9,630,051 0.1424 0.1420 0.1443

NC Sep Thu 11,993,148 3,573,649 9,308,881 0.1407 0.1429 0.1395

NC Sep Fri 12,027,878 3,610,121 9,457,121 0.1411 0.1443 0.1417

NC Sep Sat 11,288,147 3,221,952 8,687,161 0.1324 0.1288 0.1302

NC Oct Sun 8,155,718 2,677,025 6,437,025 0.1074 0.1041 0.1057

NC Oct Mon 9,680,927 3,251,014 7,687,946 0.1274 0.1264 0.1263

NC Oct Tue 13,212,603 4,454,524 10,414,004 0.1739 0.1732 0.1711

NC Oct Wed 13,209,662 4,369,215 10,439,442 0.1739 0.1699 0.1715

NC Oct Thu 12,906,984 4,463,457 10,491,107 0.1699 0.1736 0.1723

NC Oct Fri 9,780,095 3,482,496 8,158,376 0.1287 0.1354 0.1340

NC Oct Sat 9,018,864 3,017,679 7,252,836 0.1187 0.1173 0.1191

NC Nov Sun 7,482,715 2,561,724 5,927,852 0.1064 0.1047 0.1073

NC Nov Mon 9,596,784 3,288,922 7,495,268 0.1364 0.1344 0.1356

NC Nov Tue 10,365,457 3,623,153 8,194,564 0.1474 0.1481 0.1483

NC Nov Wed 10,225,631 3,596,784 8,059,773 0.1454 0.1470 0.1459

NC Nov Thu 9,964,891 3,504,538 7,895,958 0.1417 0.1432 0.1429

NC Nov Fri 12,363,616 4,334,489 9,634,353 0.1758 0.1771 0.1743

NC Nov Sat 10,336,370 3,559,744 8,051,239 0.1470 0.1455 0.1457

NC Dec Sun 10,688,597 3,665,976 8,147,974 0.1414 0.1387 0.1395

NC Dec Mon 11,982,304 4,325,079 9,419,769 0.1585 0.1636 0.1613

NC Dec Tue 12,467,509 4,340,982 9,585,056 0.1649 0.1642 0.1641

NC Dec Wed 11,024,801 3,814,348 8,498,463 0.1459 0.1443 0.1455

NC Dec Thu 10,051,949 3,533,212 7,913,104 0.1330 0.1337 0.1355

NC Dec Fri 9,810,173 3,482,215 7,703,877 0.1298 0.1317 0.1319

NC Dec Sat 9,559,625 3,271,310 7,140,253 0.1265 0.1238 0.1222

SC Jan Sun 3,636,970 1,476,366 3,944,497 0.1170 0.1186 0.1230

SC Jan Mon 3,942,696 1,560,978 4,121,987 0.1268 0.1254 0.1285

SC Jan Tue 5,151,041 2,079,859 5,256,067 0.1657 0.1671 0.1639

SC Jan Wed 5,259,530 2,160,283 5,399,384 0.1692 0.1736 0.1684

SC Jan Thu 4,997,169 1,988,044 5,097,835 0.1608 0.1597 0.1590

SC Jan Fri 4,044,225 1,554,409 4,086,561 0.1301 0.1249 0.1274

SC Jan Sat 4,050,417 1,627,503 4,164,747 0.1303 0.1307 0.1299

SC Feb Sun 3,505,008 1,568,059 3,903,760 0.1269 0.1304 0.1329

SC Feb Mon 4,069,438 1,751,384 4,190,347 0.1474 0.1457 0.1427

C-9

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 41 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix C

Actual 2002 State Level Monthly-Day of Week Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Day of Week [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Actual Reported Values [2002]

Calculated Ratios

SC Feb Tue 4,430,044 1,863,072 4,448,544 0.1604 0.1550 0.1515

SC Feb Wed 4,318,396 1,855,284 4,505,578 0.1564 0.1543 0.1534

SC Feb Thu 4,205,690 1,845,750 4,471,557 0.1523 0.1535 0.1522

SC Feb Fri 3,624,500 1,603,802 3,987,755 0.1312 0.1334 0.1358

SC Feb Sat 3,463,086 1,535,008 3,864,784 0.1254 0.1277 0.1316

SC Mar Sun 4,336,524 1,973,802 4,537,629 0.1409 0.1436 0.1422

SC Mar Mon 4,183,356 1,816,900 4,262,600 0.1359 0.1322 0.1335

SC Mar Tue 4,240,162 1,866,062 4,468,803 0.1377 0.1357 0.1400

SC Mar Wed 4,254,321 1,846,213 4,300,152 0.1382 0.1343 0.1347

SC Mar Thu 4,145,005 1,864,218 4,245,007 0.1346 0.1356 0.1330

SC Mar Fri 5,182,524 2,287,889 5,306,269 0.1683 0.1664 0.1662

SC Mar Sat 4,444,143 2,093,609 4,798,881 0.1444 0.1523 0.1503

SC Apr Sun 4,017,490 1,649,192 4,084,689 0.1304 0.1264 0.1281

SC Apr Mon 5,125,101 2,150,863 5,324,631 0.1664 0.1648 0.1670

SC Apr Tue 4,979,358 2,126,442 5,184,660 0.1616 0.1629 0.1626

SC Apr Wed 4,233,850 1,773,496 4,320,385 0.1374 0.1359 0.1355

SC Apr Thu 4,229,100 1,837,077 4,399,336 0.1373 0.1408 0.1380

SC Apr Fri 4,300,860 1,827,319 4,422,361 0.1396 0.1400 0.1387

SC Apr Sat 3,922,816 1,687,315 4,145,150 0.1273 0.1293 0.1300

SC May Sun 4,058,982 1,768,790 4,629,139 0.1216 0.1216 0.1211

SC May Mon 4,369,970 1,898,496 4,968,000 0.1309 0.1306 0.1300

SC May Tue 4,205,508 1,822,100 4,774,535 0.1260 0.1253 0.1249

SC May Wed 5,327,689 2,312,421 6,085,422 0.1596 0.1590 0.1592

SC May Thu 5,552,853 2,407,456 6,467,533 0.1664 0.1656 0.1692

SC May Fri 5,710,821 2,482,088 6,611,345 0.1711 0.1707 0.1730

SC May Sat 4,153,912 1,849,484 4,688,413 0.1244 0.1272 0.1227

SC Jun Sun 5,422,310 2,325,012 5,940,742 0.1487 0.1520 0.1454

SC Jun Mon 4,950,283 2,099,485 5,639,270 0.1358 0.1373 0.1381

SC Jun Tue 5,193,496 2,170,648 5,935,461 0.1425 0.1419 0.1453

SC Jun Wed 5,212,633 2,181,658 6,016,294 0.1430 0.1426 0.1473

SC Jun Thu 5,085,180 2,111,423 5,811,622 0.1395 0.1380 0.1423

SC Jun Fri 4,963,259 2,031,580 5,346,414 0.1361 0.1328 0.1309

SC Jun Sat 5,627,924 2,375,174 6,154,533 0.1544 0.1553 0.1507

SC Jul Sun 4,952,032 2,105,431 5,426,837 0.1213 0.1233 0.1193

SC Jul Mon 6,752,415 2,802,511 7,673,334 0.1653 0.1641 0.1687

SC Jul Tue 6,809,749 2,824,594 7,748,669 0.1668 0.1654 0.1703

SC Jul Wed 6,874,946 2,798,981 7,695,441 0.1683 0.1639 0.1692

SC Jul Thu 5,251,525 2,201,617 5,760,574 0.1286 0.1289 0.1266

SC Jul Fri 5,212,751 2,210,808 5,700,322 0.1276 0.1294 0.1253

SC Jul Sat 4,984,418 2,138,308 5,483,132 0.1221 0.1252 0.1205

SC Aug Sun 4,857,872 1,938,847 5,355,760 0.1256 0.1244 0.1252

SC Aug Mon 5,119,566 2,068,536 5,777,624 0.1324 0.1327 0.1350

SC Aug Tue 5,066,437 2,036,102 5,681,494 0.1310 0.1306 0.1328

SC Aug Wed 5,172,581 2,034,297 5,579,938 0.1337 0.1305 0.1304

SC Aug Thu 6,236,009 2,453,044 6,793,190 0.1612 0.1573 0.1588

SC Aug Fri 6,262,985 2,595,706 6,994,996 0.1619 0.1665 0.1635

SC Aug Sat 5,961,282 2,465,312 6,607,305 0.1541 0.1581 0.1544

SC Sep Sun 5,498,826 2,178,099 5,470,366 0.1541 0.1541 0.1517

SC Sep Mon 5,960,568 2,369,286 5,977,253 0.1671 0.1677 0.1658

SC Sep Tue 4,801,579 1,876,836 4,973,585 0.1346 0.1328 0.1379

SC Sep Wed 4,883,651 1,904,108 5,127,470 0.1369 0.1347 0.1422

SC Sep Thu 4,971,406 1,973,186 5,012,399 0.1393 0.1396 0.1390

SC Sep Fri 4,849,982 1,939,577 4,839,884 0.1359 0.1373 0.1342

SC Sep Sat 4,713,661 1,890,509 4,656,981 0.1321 0.1338 0.1292

SC Oct Sun 3,474,565 1,447,631 3,546,049 0.1150 0.1186 0.1195

SC Oct Mon 3,731,594 1,539,738 3,703,080 0.1235 0.1262 0.1248

SC Oct Tue 5,047,781 1,994,340 4,807,363 0.1671 0.1635 0.1620

C-10

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 42 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix C

Actual 2002 State Level Monthly-Day of Week Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Day of Week [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Actual Reported Values [2002]

Calculated Ratios

SC Oct Wed 5,129,931 2,032,331 4,942,086 0.1698 0.1666 0.1665

SC Oct Thu 5,248,856 2,061,315 4,976,570 0.1737 0.1689 0.1677

SC Oct Fri 3,999,885 1,628,467 4,041,772 0.1324 0.1335 0.1362

SC Oct Sat 3,581,077 1,497,082 3,666,423 0.1185 0.1227 0.1235

SC Nov Sun 3,600,924 1,476,229 3,448,462 0.1256 0.1258 0.1260

SC Nov Mon 3,687,208 1,524,774 3,579,756 0.1286 0.1299 0.1308

SC Nov Tue 3,880,976 1,573,954 3,696,134 0.1353 0.1341 0.1350

SC Nov Wed 3,868,341 1,582,952 3,670,084 0.1349 0.1349 0.1341

SC Nov Thu 3,956,142 1,625,215 3,755,471 0.1380 0.1385 0.1372

SC Nov Fri 4,948,051 2,026,053 4,752,479 0.1725 0.1726 0.1736

SC Nov Sat 4,736,198 1,927,582 4,466,927 0.1652 0.1642 0.1632

SC Dec Sun 5,391,234 2,143,010 5,049,728 0.1585 0.1536 0.1536

SC Dec Mon 5,548,299 2,290,764 5,366,100 0.1631 0.1642 0.1632

SC Dec Tue 5,480,807 2,216,128 5,356,259 0.1611 0.1588 0.1629

SC Dec Wed 4,622,930 1,853,300 4,391,836 0.1359 0.1328 0.1336

SC Dec Thu 4,440,114 1,871,504 4,393,124 0.1305 0.1341 0.1336

SC Dec Fri 4,181,951 1,765,482 4,128,271 0.1229 0.1265 0.1256

SC Dec Sat 4,357,292 1,811,023 4,190,308 0.1281 0.1298 0.1275

TN Jan Sun 7,151,423 3,277,424 6,179,940 0.1278 0.1237 0.1223

TN Jan Mon 7,106,220 3,226,742 6,301,100 0.1270 0.1218 0.1247

TN Jan Tue 8,852,906 4,256,829 8,158,335 0.1582 0.1607 0.1615

TN Jan Wed 8,794,062 4,368,528 8,265,550 0.1571 0.1649 0.1636

TN Jan Thu 8,948,768 4,340,296 8,335,659 0.1599 0.1638 0.1650

TN Jan Fri 7,598,313 3,605,119 6,880,280 0.1358 0.1361 0.1362

TN Jan Sat 7,510,899 3,415,776 6,396,355 0.1342 0.1289 0.1266

TN Feb Sun 6,639,711 3,313,368 6,378,482 0.1334 0.1319 0.1321

TN Feb Mon 7,275,325 3,618,611 6,948,514 0.1462 0.1441 0.1440

TN Feb Tue 7,277,165 3,684,542 7,067,758 0.1462 0.1467 0.1464

TN Feb Wed 7,251,055 3,660,125 7,093,264 0.1457 0.1458 0.1470

TN Feb Thu 7,367,583 3,746,576 7,227,135 0.1480 0.1492 0.1497

TN Feb Fri 7,029,233 3,684,932 6,981,685 0.1412 0.1467 0.1446

TN Feb Sat 6,932,900 3,403,070 6,572,031 0.1393 0.1355 0.1362

TN Mar Sun 8,164,525 4,299,233 8,212,236 0.1515 0.1547 0.1527

TN Mar Mon 7,166,283 3,645,887 7,289,591 0.1330 0.1312 0.1356

TN Mar Tue 7,154,085 3,699,328 7,142,489 0.1328 0.1331 0.1328

TN Mar Wed 7,162,657 3,629,929 7,104,015 0.1329 0.1306 0.1321

TN Mar Thu 7,191,347 3,577,816 6,909,033 0.1334 0.1288 0.1285

TN Mar Fri 8,858,548 4,552,595 8,820,839 0.1644 0.1638 0.1640

TN Mar Sat 8,191,006 4,381,492 8,295,199 0.1520 0.1577 0.1543

TN Apr Sun 6,738,807 3,413,870 6,820,527 0.1256 0.1267 0.1271

TN Apr Mon 8,702,386 4,493,505 8,874,848 0.1623 0.1668 0.1654

TN Apr Tue 9,096,288 4,547,297 9,064,902 0.1696 0.1688 0.1689

TN Apr Wed 7,240,318 3,711,499 7,315,348 0.1350 0.1377 0.1363

TN Apr Thu 7,480,487 3,660,029 7,384,760 0.1395 0.1358 0.1376

TN Apr Fri 7,415,532 3,611,558 7,183,531 0.1383 0.1340 0.1338

TN Apr Sat 6,961,705 3,506,357 7,025,087 0.1298 0.1301 0.1309

TN May Sun 6,310,558 3,129,930 6,706,450 0.1173 0.1194 0.1211

TN May Mon 6,708,857 3,342,190 7,078,696 0.1247 0.1275 0.1278

TN May Tue 7,132,449 3,470,921 7,312,958 0.1326 0.1324 0.1320

TN May Wed 9,272,405 4,464,382 9,471,156 0.1724 0.1703 0.1710

TN May Thu 9,008,800 4,305,927 9,106,279 0.1675 0.1643 0.1644

TN May Fri 8,685,462 4,265,685 8,918,043 0.1615 0.1627 0.1610

TN May Sat 6,674,510 3,232,563 6,803,853 0.1241 0.1233 0.1228

TN Jun Sun 9,319,933 4,709,925 9,500,878 0.1605 0.1626 0.1578

TN Jun Mon 7,841,052 3,833,472 8,260,443 0.1350 0.1324 0.1372

TN Jun Tue 8,046,824 3,892,653 8,267,340 0.1385 0.1344 0.1373

TN Jun Wed 8,115,635 3,924,083 8,181,840 0.1397 0.1355 0.1359

C-11

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 43 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix C

Actual 2002 State Level Monthly-Day of Week Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Day of Week [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Actual Reported Values [2002]

Calculated Ratios

TN Jun Thu 7,908,747 3,897,867 8,264,116 0.1362 0.1346 0.1373

TN Jun Fri 7,440,089 3,934,565 8,020,227 0.1281 0.1359 0.1332

TN Jun Sat 9,411,612 4,768,219 9,710,283 0.1620 0.1646 0.1613

TN Jul Sun 7,774,543 3,623,011 7,974,059 0.1240 0.1220 0.1222

TN Jul Mon 10,307,744 4,999,148 11,264,465 0.1644 0.1684 0.1726

TN Jul Tue 10,464,081 5,093,362 11,321,319 0.1668 0.1716 0.1735

TN Jul Wed 10,596,757 5,070,165 11,084,819 0.1690 0.1708 0.1699

TN Jul Thu 8,064,229 3,736,165 8,023,553 0.1286 0.1259 0.1229

TN Jul Fri 7,890,085 3,649,213 7,881,373 0.1258 0.1229 0.1208

TN Jul Sat 7,618,834 3,514,621 7,710,530 0.1215 0.1184 0.1182

TN Aug Sun 8,174,467 3,845,977 8,115,355 0.1263 0.1255 0.1233

TN Aug Mon 8,399,769 3,946,405 8,671,939 0.1298 0.1287 0.1317

TN Aug Tue 8,539,977 4,068,471 8,665,993 0.1319 0.1327 0.1316

TN Aug Wed 8,532,687 4,082,232 8,596,692 0.1318 0.1332 0.1306

TN Aug Thu 10,531,971 4,969,209 10,880,135 0.1627 0.1621 0.1652

TN Aug Fri 10,402,230 4,923,961 10,609,855 0.1607 0.1606 0.1611

TN Aug Sat 10,151,492 4,820,052 10,304,247 0.1568 0.1572 0.1565

TN Sep Sun 9,116,699 4,077,524 8,671,313 0.1647 0.1618 0.1598

TN Sep Mon 9,469,339 4,198,698 9,160,298 0.1710 0.1666 0.1688

TN Sep Tue 7,829,458 3,581,195 7,726,770 0.1414 0.1421 0.1424

TN Sep Wed 7,343,362 3,488,344 7,362,144 0.1326 0.1384 0.1357

TN Sep Thu 7,301,205 3,426,916 7,270,427 0.1319 0.1360 0.1340

TN Sep Fri 7,193,620 3,320,429 7,187,551 0.1299 0.1317 0.1324

TN Sep Sat 7,110,260 3,110,608 6,888,784 0.1284 0.1234 0.1269

TN Oct Sun 6,708,010 2,833,598 5,647,137 0.1224 0.1267 0.1248

TN Oct Mon 7,342,244 3,079,627 6,044,894 0.1339 0.1377 0.1336

TN Oct Tue 8,702,014 3,502,606 7,163,112 0.1587 0.1566 0.1583

TN Oct Wed 8,873,754 3,587,670 7,418,539 0.1619 0.1604 0.1640

TN Oct Thu 8,965,902 3,612,495 7,272,597 0.1636 0.1615 0.1608

TN Oct Fri 7,181,995 2,835,539 5,852,668 0.1310 0.1268 0.1294

TN Oct Sat 7,042,051 2,910,409 5,838,274 0.1285 0.1302 0.1291

TN Nov Sun 6,634,653 2,977,876 5,712,119 0.1264 0.1298 0.1278

TN Nov Mon 6,868,040 2,986,966 5,856,205 0.1309 0.1302 0.1310

TN Nov Tue 6,912,082 3,014,858 5,895,146 0.1317 0.1314 0.1319

TN Nov Wed 7,386,472 3,138,730 6,180,765 0.1408 0.1368 0.1383

TN Nov Thu 7,266,754 3,137,786 6,131,963 0.1385 0.1368 0.1372

TN Nov Fri 8,736,435 3,862,733 7,534,521 0.1665 0.1684 0.1685

TN Nov Sat 8,669,349 3,822,128 7,393,534 0.1652 0.1666 0.1654

TN Dec Sun 9,120,079 3,928,257 7,327,683 0.1552 0.1549 0.1510

TN Dec Mon 9,492,230 3,968,058 7,741,356 0.1616 0.1565 0.1595

TN Dec Tue 9,136,375 3,894,752 7,595,049 0.1555 0.1536 0.1565

TN Dec Wed 7,742,072 3,388,273 6,504,259 0.1318 0.1336 0.1340

TN Dec Thu 7,732,612 3,400,001 6,571,263 0.1316 0.1341 0.1354

TN Dec Fri 7,885,726 3,475,255 6,579,511 0.1342 0.1371 0.1356

TN Dec Sat 7,640,994 3,297,372 6,208,895 0.1301 0.1301 0.1279

VA Jan Sun 4,671,075 1,627,775 4,289,396 0.1214 0.1172 0.1201

VA Jan Mon 5,127,288 1,888,213 4,792,953 0.1333 0.1360 0.1342

VA Jan Tue 6,288,913 2,330,010 5,917,567 0.1635 0.1678 0.1656

VA Jan Wed 6,426,139 2,349,164 5,998,072 0.1670 0.1692 0.1679

VA Jan Thu 6,087,252 2,199,341 5,596,030 0.1582 0.1584 0.1566

VA Jan Fri 4,942,574 1,758,916 4,611,180 0.1285 0.1267 0.1291

VA Jan Sat 4,931,872 1,730,649 4,521,767 0.1282 0.1246 0.1266

VA Feb Sun 4,661,072 1,603,715 3,882,421 0.1286 0.1262 0.1240

VA Feb Mon 5,294,467 1,854,921 4,541,253 0.1461 0.1460 0.1450

VA Feb Tue 5,544,956 1,997,045 4,953,922 0.1530 0.1571 0.1582

VA Feb Wed 5,493,596 1,936,049 4,814,990 0.1516 0.1523 0.1537

VA Feb Thu 5,623,211 1,961,653 4,981,039 0.1551 0.1544 0.1590

C-12

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 44 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix C

Actual 2002 State Level Monthly-Day of Week Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Day of Week [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Actual Reported Values [2002]

Calculated Ratios

VA Feb Fri 5,164,652 1,819,180 4,435,077 0.1425 0.1432 0.1416

VA Feb Sat 4,464,327 1,535,416 3,710,148 0.1232 0.1208 0.1185

VA Mar Sun 4,771,702 1,689,644 4,031,521 0.1383 0.1406 0.1417

VA Mar Mon 4,673,869 1,659,957 3,933,598 0.1355 0.1382 0.1383

VA Mar Tue 4,912,351 1,712,399 4,076,583 0.1424 0.1425 0.1433

VA Mar Wed 4,539,833 1,611,426 3,835,600 0.1316 0.1341 0.1348

VA Mar Thu 4,608,329 1,571,027 3,657,444 0.1336 0.1308 0.1286

VA Mar Fri 5,913,571 2,012,689 4,756,675 0.1714 0.1675 0.1672

VA Mar Sat 5,073,380 1,756,992 4,153,709 0.1471 0.1462 0.1460

VA Apr Sun 3,934,246 1,285,481 3,053,611 0.1169 0.1096 0.1105

VA Apr Mon 5,487,481 1,952,750 4,544,203 0.1630 0.1665 0.1644

VA Apr Tue 5,689,972 2,001,568 4,733,486 0.1691 0.1707 0.1713

VA Apr Wed 4,875,005 1,730,770 4,111,619 0.1448 0.1476 0.1488

VA Apr Thu 4,882,307 1,719,776 4,095,300 0.1451 0.1467 0.1482

VA Apr Fri 4,773,451 1,670,964 3,904,637 0.1418 0.1425 0.1413

VA Apr Sat 4,015,919 1,364,434 3,196,561 0.1193 0.1164 0.1157

VA May Sun 3,218,291 1,163,169 2,909,963 0.1071 0.1043 0.1068

VA May Mon 3,852,292 1,404,101 3,460,786 0.1282 0.1258 0.1270

VA May Tue 4,028,549 1,542,377 3,718,889 0.1340 0.1382 0.1365

VA May Wed 5,065,619 1,882,276 4,450,655 0.1685 0.1687 0.1634

VA May Thu 5,218,813 1,929,634 4,651,484 0.1736 0.1730 0.1708

VA May Fri 5,113,973 1,935,832 4,824,797 0.1701 0.1735 0.1771

VA May Sat 3,561,226 1,299,755 3,224,466 0.1185 0.1165 0.1184

VA Jun Sun 5,918,371 1,954,176 5,228,149 0.1464 0.1472 0.1444

VA Jun Mon 5,380,536 1,858,027 5,033,669 0.1331 0.1400 0.1390

VA Jun Tue 5,741,465 1,910,216 5,231,137 0.1420 0.1439 0.1445

VA Jun Wed 5,844,449 1,938,523 5,480,711 0.1445 0.1460 0.1514

VA Jun Thu 5,888,810 1,926,866 5,360,703 0.1456 0.1452 0.1481

VA Jun Fri 5,444,340 1,697,644 4,586,981 0.1346 0.1279 0.1267

VA Jun Sat 6,216,252 1,987,961 5,286,607 0.1537 0.1498 0.1460

VA Jul Sun 5,618,750 1,698,805 4,978,472 0.1202 0.1132 0.1146

VA Jul Mon 7,735,624 2,576,732 7,511,844 0.1655 0.1717 0.1729

VA Jul Tue 7,964,202 2,674,568 7,864,148 0.1704 0.1782 0.1810

VA Jul Wed 8,008,050 2,551,626 7,541,354 0.1713 0.1700 0.1736

VA Jul Thu 6,087,237 1,963,497 5,580,009 0.1302 0.1308 0.1284

VA Jul Fri 5,780,446 1,875,879 5,270,813 0.1237 0.1250 0.1213

VA Jul Sat 5,548,321 1,669,481 4,703,724 0.1187 0.1112 0.1083

VA Aug Sun 5,942,163 1,945,966 5,528,807 0.1217 0.1258 0.1262

VA Aug Mon 6,544,591 2,183,768 6,273,049 0.1340 0.1411 0.1432

VA Aug Tue 6,430,299 2,089,827 5,843,290 0.1317 0.1351 0.1334

VA Aug Wed 6,337,564 1,935,351 5,454,543 0.1298 0.1251 0.1245

VA Aug Thu 7,906,645 2,450,182 6,995,583 0.1619 0.1583 0.1597

VA Aug Fri 8,036,876 2,519,734 7,102,004 0.1646 0.1628 0.1621

VA Aug Sat 7,626,348 2,348,614 6,605,314 0.1562 0.1518 0.1508

VA Sep Sun 6,151,617 1,978,118 4,929,060 0.1595 0.1553 0.1522

VA Sep Mon 6,566,603 2,133,784 5,391,407 0.1702 0.1675 0.1664

VA Sep Tue 5,365,799 1,794,621 4,651,991 0.1391 0.1409 0.1436

VA Sep Wed 5,465,825 1,804,007 4,743,694 0.1417 0.1416 0.1464

VA Sep Thu 5,045,993 1,717,372 4,362,899 0.1308 0.1348 0.1347

VA Sep Fri 5,033,204 1,678,732 4,222,150 0.1305 0.1318 0.1303

VA Sep Sat 4,946,295 1,630,991 4,092,060 0.1282 0.1280 0.1263

VA Oct Sun 3,692,119 1,251,585 3,100,156 0.1090 0.1056 0.1086

VA Oct Mon 4,206,900 1,484,768 3,550,480 0.1242 0.1253 0.1244

VA Oct Tue 5,577,237 1,958,392 4,648,356 0.1647 0.1653 0.1629

VA Oct Wed 5,640,810 1,985,068 4,767,390 0.1665 0.1675 0.1671

VA Oct Thu 5,918,145 2,042,093 4,932,204 0.1747 0.1723 0.1728

VA Oct Fri 4,677,931 1,668,985 3,951,402 0.1381 0.1408 0.1385

C-13

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 45 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix C

Actual 2002 State Level Monthly-Day of Week Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Day of Week [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Actual Reported Values [2002]

Calculated Ratios

VA Oct Sat 4,157,525 1,459,285 3,587,092 0.1227 0.1231 0.1257

VA Nov Sun 4,220,213 1,431,590 3,617,607 0.1190 0.1152 0.1210

VA Nov Mon 4,891,550 1,737,603 4,153,022 0.1379 0.1399 0.1390

VA Nov Tue 5,029,654 1,788,688 4,263,728 0.1418 0.1440 0.1427

VA Nov Wed 4,952,524 1,733,240 4,099,073 0.1396 0.1395 0.1372

VA Nov Thu 4,840,374 1,663,470 3,976,369 0.1365 0.1339 0.1330

VA Nov Fri 5,923,766 2,111,331 5,016,854 0.1670 0.1699 0.1679

VA Nov Sat 5,615,042 1,957,581 4,759,820 0.1583 0.1576 0.1593

VA Dec Sun 6,746,456 2,206,423 5,350,646 0.1505 0.1426 0.1463

VA Dec Mon 7,125,574 2,493,055 5,902,703 0.1589 0.1611 0.1614

VA Dec Tue 7,232,167 2,512,962 5,984,967 0.1613 0.1624 0.1636

VA Dec Wed 6,074,987 2,139,652 5,051,424 0.1355 0.1382 0.1381

VA Dec Thu 5,954,834 2,128,843 4,939,470 0.1328 0.1375 0.1350

VA Dec Fri 5,915,700 2,055,015 4,810,763 0.1319 0.1328 0.1315

VA Dec Sat 5,789,687 1,941,279 4,543,164 0.1291 0.1254 0.1242

WV Jan Sun 11,362,417 4,706,298 9,184,827 0.1172 0.1119 0.1161

WV Jan Mon 12,746,157 5,609,443 10,329,318 0.1315 0.1334 0.1306

WV Jan Tue 16,025,452 6,936,712 12,928,984 0.1653 0.1650 0.1635

WV Jan Wed 16,587,904 7,210,448 13,412,571 0.1711 0.1715 0.1696

WV Jan Thu 15,888,932 7,111,818 13,366,382 0.1639 0.1692 0.1690

WV Jan Fri 12,499,459 5,419,092 10,203,801 0.1289 0.1289 0.1290

WV Jan Sat 11,834,473 5,050,631 9,666,967 0.1221 0.1201 0.1222

WV Feb Sun 9,761,299 4,892,152 9,703,703 0.1189 0.1216 0.1288

WV Feb Mon 12,044,491 6,038,110 11,178,623 0.1467 0.1501 0.1483

WV Feb Tue 12,832,974 6,116,505 11,350,011 0.1563 0.1520 0.1506

WV Feb Wed 12,896,606 6,141,238 11,321,181 0.1570 0.1526 0.1502

WV Feb Thu 12,943,440 6,145,521 11,332,231 0.1576 0.1527 0.1504

WV Feb Fri 11,297,042 5,729,243 10,551,962 0.1376 0.1424 0.1400

WV Feb Sat 10,344,006 5,173,626 9,925,582 0.1260 0.1286 0.1317

WV Mar Sun 11,411,568 5,522,778 10,810,556 0.1422 0.1400 0.1448

WV Mar Mon 11,185,040 5,704,666 10,255,251 0.1394 0.1446 0.1374

WV Mar Tue 10,875,143 5,424,842 10,034,164 0.1355 0.1375 0.1344

WV Mar Wed 11,063,397 5,350,789 10,059,659 0.1378 0.1356 0.1347

WV Mar Thu 10,804,359 5,341,667 10,059,216 0.1346 0.1354 0.1347

WV Mar Fri 12,999,519 6,389,171 12,235,557 0.1620 0.1620 0.1639

WV Mar Sat 11,926,532 5,715,649 11,200,817 0.1486 0.1449 0.1500

WV Apr Sun 8,230,926 4,008,590 7,520,679 0.1116 0.1103 0.1144

WV Apr Mon 13,019,560 6,516,027 11,564,401 0.1765 0.1792 0.1758

WV Apr Tue 13,421,803 6,624,951 11,914,166 0.1819 0.1822 0.1812

WV Apr Wed 10,288,018 5,090,179 9,209,586 0.1395 0.1400 0.1400

WV Apr Thu 10,413,172 5,023,528 9,062,366 0.1412 0.1382 0.1378

WV Apr Fri 9,902,694 4,928,496 8,726,917 0.1342 0.1356 0.1327

WV Apr Sat 8,495,137 4,163,034 7,770,368 0.1152 0.1145 0.1181

WV May Sun 8,306,339 2,944,167 7,996,162 0.1068 0.0991 0.1120

WV May Mon 10,130,014 3,834,464 9,355,254 0.1303 0.1291 0.1310

WV May Tue 10,407,395 4,128,373 9,758,847 0.1339 0.1390 0.1367

WV May Wed 13,266,098 5,204,946 11,969,899 0.1706 0.1752 0.1677

WV May Thu 13,398,522 5,207,201 12,053,920 0.1723 0.1753 0.1688

WV May Fri 13,674,556 5,093,689 12,138,618 0.1759 0.1715 0.1700

WV May Sat 8,567,825 3,288,016 8,117,837 0.1102 0.1107 0.1137

WV Jun Sun 12,605,642 5,081,170 11,780,562 0.1548 0.1527 0.1540

WV Jun Mon 11,290,645 4,540,816 10,591,380 0.1386 0.1364 0.1385

WV Jun Tue 11,610,911 4,595,418 10,739,527 0.1426 0.1381 0.1404

WV Jun Wed 11,368,121 4,657,261 10,615,897 0.1396 0.1399 0.1388

WV Jun Thu 11,062,252 4,695,347 10,545,153 0.1358 0.1411 0.1379

WV Jun Fri 10,791,181 4,515,861 10,203,905 0.1325 0.1357 0.1334

WV Jun Sat 12,714,677 5,195,557 12,018,233 0.1561 0.1561 0.1571

C-14

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 46 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix C

Actual 2002 State Level Monthly-Day of Week Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Day of Week [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Actual Reported Values [2002]

Calculated Ratios

WV Jul Sun 10,897,546 4,532,340 10,352,667 0.1175 0.1219 0.1213

WV Jul Mon 15,472,405 6,114,793 14,028,539 0.1669 0.1645 0.1644

WV Jul Tue 15,799,247 6,415,584 14,425,103 0.1704 0.1726 0.1691

WV Jul Wed 15,507,068 6,193,792 14,322,772 0.1672 0.1666 0.1679

WV Jul Thu 12,372,989 4,863,245 11,133,926 0.1334 0.1308 0.1305

WV Jul Fri 12,071,926 4,767,363 10,919,490 0.1302 0.1282 0.1280

WV Jul Sat 10,600,364 4,287,577 10,140,273 0.1143 0.1153 0.1188

WV Aug Sun 11,656,231 4,162,352 9,827,247 0.1284 0.1192 0.1228

WV Aug Mon 12,809,925 4,830,501 10,895,778 0.1411 0.1383 0.1362

WV Aug Tue 11,776,614 4,749,439 10,679,474 0.1297 0.1360 0.1335

WV Aug Wed 11,329,372 4,587,980 10,316,041 0.1248 0.1314 0.1289

WV Aug Thu 14,736,121 5,897,056 13,280,919 0.1624 0.1688 0.1660

WV Aug Fri 14,529,434 5,615,164 13,019,969 0.1601 0.1608 0.1627

WV Aug Sat 13,929,746 5,085,303 12,005,717 0.1535 0.1456 0.1500

WV Sep Sun 11,612,005 4,708,389 10,262,147 0.1528 0.1508 0.1527

WV Sep Mon 12,788,760 5,326,795 11,523,815 0.1683 0.1706 0.1715

WV Sep Tue 9,976,375 4,316,273 9,123,357 0.1313 0.1383 0.1358

WV Sep Wed 10,491,744 4,220,061 9,039,473 0.1381 0.1352 0.1345

WV Sep Thu 10,601,754 4,245,287 9,084,482 0.1395 0.1360 0.1352

WV Sep Fri 10,657,825 4,361,606 9,347,806 0.1403 0.1397 0.1391

WV Sep Sat 9,853,339 4,042,295 8,803,854 0.1297 0.1295 0.1310

WV Oct Sun 9,141,960 4,267,809 8,053,453 0.1078 0.1041 0.1090

WV Oct Mon 10,673,339 5,381,381 9,467,208 0.1259 0.1313 0.1282

WV Oct Tue 14,435,264 6,771,443 12,431,127 0.1703 0.1652 0.1683

WV Oct Wed 14,553,965 7,066,114 12,720,143 0.1717 0.1723 0.1722

WV Oct Thu 14,417,207 7,121,049 12,715,645 0.1701 0.1737 0.1722

WV Oct Fri 11,616,706 5,706,283 9,914,309 0.1370 0.1392 0.1342

WV Oct Sat 9,937,824 4,685,164 8,552,034 0.1172 0.1143 0.1158

WV Nov Sun 9,830,355 4,646,371 8,666,821 0.1145 0.1112 0.1187

WV Nov Mon 12,283,095 5,937,267 10,150,235 0.1431 0.1421 0.1390

WV Nov Tue 12,392,447 5,929,688 10,141,362 0.1444 0.1419 0.1389

WV Nov Wed 12,176,489 6,016,380 10,080,562 0.1419 0.1439 0.1380

WV Nov Thu 11,901,060 5,578,593 9,845,417 0.1387 0.1335 0.1348

WV Nov Fri 14,642,524 7,429,822 12,695,913 0.1706 0.1778 0.1739

WV Nov Sat 12,600,494 6,257,527 11,445,065 0.1468 0.1497 0.1567

WV Dec Sun 12,753,680 6,146,041 11,504,752 0.1389 0.1382 0.1453

WV Dec Mon 14,784,590 7,460,520 13,164,425 0.1610 0.1677 0.1662

WV Dec Tue 15,188,434 7,493,324 13,307,758 0.1654 0.1685 0.1680

WV Dec Wed 12,822,904 6,234,917 10,932,624 0.1396 0.1402 0.1380

WV Dec Thu 12,945,118 6,180,002 10,710,641 0.1409 0.1389 0.1352

WV Dec Fri 12,381,927 5,734,914 10,125,916 0.1348 0.1289 0.1279

WV Dec Sat 10,974,161 5,232,730 9,448,131 0.1195 0.1176 0.1193

C-15

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 47 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix D

Actual 2002 State Level Monthly-Diurnal Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Hour [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

AL Jan 0 2,741,987 1,004,315 2,690,807 0.0381 0.0385 0.0383

AL Jan 1 2,717,405 994,117 2,656,333 0.0377 0.0381 0.0378

AL Jan 2 2,732,495 993,417 2,670,658 0.0380 0.0381 0.0380

AL Jan 3 2,787,197 1,006,543 2,711,547 0.0387 0.0386 0.0385

AL Jan 4 2,892,370 1,044,668 2,813,871 0.0402 0.0400 0.0400

AL Jan 5 3,043,742 1,095,960 2,973,281 0.0423 0.0420 0.0423

AL Jan 6 3,165,246 1,139,346 3,102,993 0.0440 0.0437 0.0441

AL Jan 7 3,153,129 1,138,326 3,101,803 0.0438 0.0436 0.0441

AL Jan 8 3,140,327 1,131,614 3,097,499 0.0436 0.0434 0.0440

AL Jan 9 3,203,467 1,153,016 3,087,739 0.0445 0.0442 0.0439

AL Jan 10 3,143,675 1,132,663 3,039,305 0.0437 0.0434 0.0432

AL Jan 11 3,102,170 1,119,903 2,983,100 0.0431 0.0429 0.0424

AL Jan 12 3,066,551 1,107,992 2,969,232 0.0426 0.0425 0.0422

AL Jan 13 3,013,840 1,088,445 2,924,398 0.0419 0.0417 0.0416

AL Jan 14 2,940,305 1,072,596 2,886,458 0.0408 0.0411 0.0410

AL Jan 15 2,936,570 1,074,049 2,879,720 0.0408 0.0412 0.0409

AL Jan 16 2,986,108 1,094,245 2,934,536 0.0415 0.0419 0.0417

AL Jan 17 3,128,407 1,131,955 3,060,818 0.0435 0.0434 0.0435

AL Jan 18 3,165,955 1,140,293 3,094,074 0.0440 0.0437 0.0440

AL Jan 19 3,119,814 1,124,019 3,053,305 0.0433 0.0431 0.0434

AL Jan 20 3,079,102 1,118,468 3,026,147 0.0428 0.0429 0.0430

AL Jan 21 3,025,517 1,100,925 2,976,770 0.0420 0.0422 0.0423

AL Jan 22 2,923,913 1,069,313 2,876,314 0.0406 0.0410 0.0409

AL Jan 23 2,776,269 1,018,348 2,732,989 0.0386 0.0390 0.0389

AL Feb 0 2,253,373 868,185 2,357,008 0.0389 0.0392 0.0394

AL Feb 1 2,224,059 859,658 2,318,041 0.0384 0.0389 0.0388

AL Feb 2 2,229,268 866,148 2,328,309 0.0385 0.0392 0.0389

AL Feb 3 2,261,953 879,145 2,365,382 0.0391 0.0397 0.0395

AL Feb 4 2,338,927 903,372 2,441,093 0.0404 0.0408 0.0408

AL Feb 5 2,436,805 933,109 2,532,481 0.0421 0.0422 0.0423

AL Feb 6 2,515,424 963,393 2,611,818 0.0434 0.0436 0.0437

AL Feb 7 2,538,948 968,548 2,610,717 0.0438 0.0438 0.0436

AL Feb 8 2,515,296 955,200 2,583,556 0.0434 0.0432 0.0432

AL Feb 9 2,540,711 958,276 2,552,241 0.0439 0.0433 0.0427

AL Feb 10 2,492,642 937,659 2,545,359 0.0430 0.0424 0.0426

AL Feb 11 2,470,000 931,823 2,519,838 0.0427 0.0421 0.0421

AL Feb 12 2,425,186 917,544 2,500,106 0.0419 0.0415 0.0418

AL Feb 13 2,383,050 900,232 2,447,506 0.0412 0.0407 0.0409

AL Feb 14 2,352,497 894,740 2,423,254 0.0406 0.0404 0.0405

AL Feb 15 2,337,173 891,481 2,410,974 0.0404 0.0403 0.0403

AL Feb 16 2,353,899 898,603 2,435,772 0.0407 0.0406 0.0407

AL Feb 17 2,420,477 924,045 2,509,107 0.0418 0.0418 0.0419

AL Feb 18 2,501,328 953,661 2,588,924 0.0432 0.0431 0.0433

AL Feb 19 2,491,231 950,950 2,576,810 0.0430 0.0430 0.0431

AL Feb 20 2,502,966 955,068 2,583,883 0.0432 0.0432 0.0432

AL Feb 21 2,495,709 954,918 2,577,873 0.0431 0.0432 0.0431

AL Feb 22 2,459,759 942,871 2,539,927 0.0425 0.0426 0.0425

AL Feb 23 2,362,705 912,645 2,456,568 0.0408 0.0413 0.0411

AL Mar 0 2,344,204 896,246 2,291,650 0.0394 0.0395 0.0395

AL Mar 1 2,290,492 878,336 2,235,146 0.0385 0.0387 0.0385

AL Mar 2 2,268,031 871,699 2,220,460 0.0381 0.0384 0.0382

AL Mar 3 2,270,932 876,499 2,233,320 0.0382 0.0386 0.0385

AL Mar 4 2,328,738 894,751 2,285,963 0.0392 0.0394 0.0394

Actual Reported Values [2002]

Calculated Ratios

D-1

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 48 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix D

Actual 2002 State Level Monthly-Diurnal Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Hour [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Actual Reported Values [2002]

Calculated Ratios

AL Mar 5 2,428,390 925,936 2,383,519 0.0408 0.0408 0.0410

AL Mar 6 2,508,590 953,226 2,464,397 0.0422 0.0420 0.0424

AL Mar 7 2,530,656 959,550 2,462,077 0.0425 0.0422 0.0424

AL Mar 8 2,561,924 977,286 2,477,056 0.0431 0.0430 0.0426

AL Mar 9 2,579,385 986,553 2,474,954 0.0434 0.0434 0.0426

AL Mar 10 2,557,475 978,823 2,477,934 0.0430 0.0431 0.0427

AL Mar 11 2,548,567 973,844 2,475,127 0.0428 0.0429 0.0426

AL Mar 12 2,542,765 970,831 2,484,634 0.0427 0.0427 0.0428

AL Mar 13 2,520,064 957,301 2,456,497 0.0424 0.0421 0.0423

AL Mar 14 2,505,486 955,765 2,446,978 0.0421 0.0421 0.0421

AL Mar 15 2,503,392 956,547 2,449,363 0.0421 0.0421 0.0422

AL Mar 16 2,524,971 964,459 2,460,914 0.0424 0.0425 0.0424

AL Mar 17 2,540,478 967,101 2,478,745 0.0427 0.0426 0.0427

AL Mar 18 2,591,567 986,968 2,543,551 0.0436 0.0435 0.0438

AL Mar 19 2,589,398 988,472 2,548,349 0.0435 0.0435 0.0439

AL Mar 20 2,568,710 979,980 2,519,139 0.0432 0.0431 0.0434

AL Mar 21 2,532,064 962,803 2,471,543 0.0426 0.0424 0.0426

AL Mar 22 2,474,817 941,870 2,414,411 0.0416 0.0415 0.0416

AL Mar 23 2,370,330 907,008 2,326,421 0.0398 0.0399 0.0401

AL Apr 0 2,228,515 836,202 2,285,448 0.0368 0.0370 0.0371

AL Apr 1 2,173,032 822,140 2,247,199 0.0359 0.0364 0.0365

AL Apr 2 2,153,881 818,757 2,234,410 0.0356 0.0362 0.0363

AL Apr 3 2,232,176 844,256 2,286,631 0.0369 0.0374 0.0371

AL Apr 4 2,389,439 897,207 2,408,707 0.0395 0.0397 0.0391

AL Apr 5 2,493,826 933,813 2,505,623 0.0412 0.0413 0.0407

AL Apr 6 2,554,599 952,174 2,560,375 0.0422 0.0421 0.0416

AL Apr 7 2,582,156 963,601 2,591,138 0.0427 0.0426 0.0421

AL Apr 8 2,639,813 979,628 2,624,462 0.0436 0.0433 0.0426

AL Apr 9 2,643,446 980,260 2,662,754 0.0437 0.0434 0.0432

AL Apr 10 2,653,155 984,214 2,694,000 0.0439 0.0435 0.0437

AL Apr 11 2,645,360 984,831 2,711,517 0.0437 0.0436 0.0440

AL Apr 12 2,624,188 978,349 2,708,341 0.0434 0.0433 0.0440

AL Apr 13 2,632,266 979,546 2,719,694 0.0435 0.0433 0.0441

AL Apr 14 2,652,217 987,702 2,721,904 0.0438 0.0437 0.0442

AL Apr 15 2,648,834 990,953 2,705,156 0.0438 0.0438 0.0439

AL Apr 16 2,621,452 984,228 2,687,882 0.0433 0.0435 0.0436

AL Apr 17 2,614,784 979,617 2,682,079 0.0432 0.0433 0.0435

AL Apr 18 2,628,751 978,975 2,699,451 0.0435 0.0433 0.0438

AL Apr 19 2,653,626 987,709 2,716,044 0.0439 0.0437 0.0441

AL Apr 20 2,631,521 977,459 2,680,736 0.0435 0.0432 0.0435

AL Apr 21 2,567,425 952,799 2,603,716 0.0424 0.0422 0.0423

AL Apr 22 2,464,894 919,642 2,483,958 0.0407 0.0407 0.0403

AL Apr 23 2,369,125 887,276 2,395,812 0.0392 0.0393 0.0389

AL May 0 2,465,552 908,349 2,524,318 0.0367 0.0366 0.0366

AL May 1 2,420,701 890,183 2,472,941 0.0361 0.0358 0.0358

AL May 2 2,406,368 883,322 2,446,821 0.0358 0.0356 0.0354

AL May 3 2,479,383 904,473 2,501,796 0.0369 0.0364 0.0362

AL May 4 2,602,268 957,753 2,624,949 0.0388 0.0386 0.0380

AL May 5 2,677,066 993,418 2,712,234 0.0399 0.0400 0.0393

AL May 6 2,779,517 1,027,989 2,806,238 0.0414 0.0414 0.0407

AL May 7 2,848,345 1,045,051 2,875,058 0.0424 0.0421 0.0417

AL May 8 2,931,694 1,063,579 2,953,366 0.0437 0.0428 0.0428

AL May 9 2,924,381 1,075,077 2,989,107 0.0436 0.0433 0.0433

D-2

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 49 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix D

Actual 2002 State Level Monthly-Diurnal Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Hour [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Actual Reported Values [2002]

Calculated Ratios

AL May 10 2,938,699 1,091,747 3,041,252 0.0438 0.0439 0.0441

AL May 11 2,947,674 1,099,596 3,077,771 0.0439 0.0443 0.0446

AL May 12 2,936,754 1,089,078 3,069,164 0.0437 0.0438 0.0445

AL May 13 2,945,390 1,097,482 3,103,684 0.0439 0.0442 0.0450

AL May 14 2,939,698 1,112,440 3,106,993 0.0438 0.0448 0.0450

AL May 15 2,956,416 1,106,665 3,113,515 0.0440 0.0445 0.0451

AL May 16 2,955,262 1,103,806 3,100,165 0.0440 0.0444 0.0449

AL May 17 2,952,378 1,102,965 3,079,650 0.0440 0.0444 0.0446

AL May 18 2,938,574 1,092,977 3,038,781 0.0438 0.0440 0.0440

AL May 19 2,977,607 1,102,186 3,069,979 0.0443 0.0444 0.0445

AL May 20 2,937,077 1,085,710 3,009,359 0.0437 0.0437 0.0436

AL May 21 2,844,515 1,047,367 2,889,529 0.0424 0.0422 0.0419

AL May 22 2,722,348 1,000,434 2,758,208 0.0405 0.0403 0.0400

AL May 23 2,613,635 960,563 2,657,155 0.0389 0.0387 0.0385

AL Jun 0 2,968,696 1,028,663 3,076,335 0.0363 0.0362 0.0362

AL Jun 1 2,832,644 987,788 2,984,774 0.0347 0.0347 0.0351

AL Jun 2 2,738,909 957,899 2,906,863 0.0335 0.0337 0.0342

AL Jun 3 2,793,854 970,712 2,944,737 0.0342 0.0341 0.0346

AL Jun 4 2,930,010 1,012,097 3,057,162 0.0359 0.0356 0.0360

AL Jun 5 3,078,245 1,058,356 3,187,128 0.0377 0.0372 0.0375

AL Jun 6 3,296,494 1,139,625 3,346,605 0.0404 0.0401 0.0394

AL Jun 7 3,446,820 1,200,750 3,495,633 0.0422 0.0422 0.0411

AL Jun 8 3,612,260 1,245,866 3,641,676 0.0442 0.0438 0.0428

AL Jun 9 3,661,396 1,262,673 3,742,119 0.0448 0.0444 0.0440

AL Jun 10 3,677,963 1,274,079 3,805,701 0.0450 0.0448 0.0448

AL Jun 11 3,698,926 1,293,955 3,868,213 0.0453 0.0455 0.0455

AL Jun 12 3,656,461 1,279,429 3,883,824 0.0448 0.0450 0.0457

AL Jun 13 3,671,689 1,294,921 3,919,363 0.0450 0.0455 0.0461

AL Jun 14 3,671,228 1,285,782 3,902,063 0.0449 0.0452 0.0459

AL Jun 15 3,680,401 1,290,857 3,892,849 0.0451 0.0454 0.0458

AL Jun 16 3,674,613 1,292,845 3,881,062 0.0450 0.0454 0.0457

AL Jun 17 3,664,720 1,285,717 3,864,300 0.0449 0.0452 0.0455

AL Jun 18 3,642,194 1,271,867 3,811,846 0.0446 0.0447 0.0448

AL Jun 19 3,676,208 1,284,584 3,825,728 0.0450 0.0452 0.0450

AL Jun 20 3,642,893 1,269,302 3,753,943 0.0446 0.0446 0.0442

AL Jun 21 3,519,611 1,223,561 3,591,565 0.0431 0.0430 0.0422

AL Jun 22 3,310,525 1,150,005 3,391,162 0.0405 0.0404 0.0399

AL Jun 23 3,132,379 1,086,983 3,236,656 0.0383 0.0382 0.0381

AL Jul 0 3,351,891 1,159,796 3,519,285 0.0374 0.0376 0.0370

AL Jul 1 3,209,694 1,111,818 3,419,808 0.0358 0.0360 0.0360

AL Jul 2 3,133,780 1,087,810 3,361,520 0.0349 0.0353 0.0353

AL Jul 3 3,149,495 1,096,513 3,374,098 0.0351 0.0355 0.0355

AL Jul 4 3,264,237 1,136,963 3,477,228 0.0364 0.0369 0.0366

AL Jul 5 3,354,945 1,164,931 3,584,943 0.0374 0.0378 0.0377

AL Jul 6 3,552,275 1,231,220 3,722,799 0.0396 0.0399 0.0391

AL Jul 7 3,762,714 1,273,158 3,855,300 0.0419 0.0413 0.0405

AL Jul 8 3,898,906 1,328,282 4,027,155 0.0434 0.0431 0.0423

AL Jul 9 4,004,317 1,358,026 4,162,034 0.0446 0.0440 0.0438

AL Jul 10 4,052,600 1,369,903 4,248,781 0.0452 0.0444 0.0447

AL Jul 11 4,042,434 1,373,838 4,301,796 0.0450 0.0445 0.0452

AL Jul 12 3,998,643 1,371,727 4,328,386 0.0446 0.0445 0.0455

AL Jul 13 4,005,257 1,379,736 4,338,694 0.0446 0.0447 0.0456

AL Jul 14 4,021,426 1,382,915 4,351,967 0.0448 0.0448 0.0458

D-3

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 50 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix D

Actual 2002 State Level Monthly-Diurnal Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Hour [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Actual Reported Values [2002]

Calculated Ratios

AL Jul 15 4,011,322 1,377,002 4,328,342 0.0447 0.0446 0.0455

AL Jul 16 3,971,531 1,374,932 4,297,663 0.0443 0.0446 0.0452

AL Jul 17 3,970,177 1,371,961 4,279,469 0.0442 0.0445 0.0450

AL Jul 18 3,954,613 1,361,364 4,219,046 0.0441 0.0441 0.0444

AL Jul 19 3,971,366 1,363,853 4,222,712 0.0443 0.0442 0.0444

AL Jul 20 3,954,276 1,354,338 4,162,522 0.0441 0.0439 0.0438

AL Jul 21 3,868,801 1,324,102 4,014,526 0.0431 0.0429 0.0422

AL Jul 22 3,688,548 1,270,811 3,827,832 0.0411 0.0412 0.0402

AL Jul 23 3,544,676 1,224,624 3,684,831 0.0395 0.0397 0.0387

AL Aug 0 3,315,508 1,145,136 3,467,179 0.0373 0.0374 0.0369

AL Aug 1 3,191,575 1,096,332 3,357,297 0.0359 0.0358 0.0357

AL Aug 2 3,131,686 1,066,341 3,295,620 0.0352 0.0348 0.0351

AL Aug 3 3,189,797 1,076,150 3,316,610 0.0359 0.0352 0.0353

AL Aug 4 3,345,349 1,131,553 3,442,497 0.0376 0.0370 0.0366

AL Aug 5 3,467,950 1,178,821 3,586,753 0.0390 0.0385 0.0382

AL Aug 6 3,557,705 1,212,665 3,669,843 0.0400 0.0396 0.0391

AL Aug 7 3,691,415 1,251,997 3,792,486 0.0415 0.0409 0.0404

AL Aug 8 3,908,307 1,308,189 3,947,840 0.0440 0.0427 0.0420

AL Aug 9 3,903,178 1,333,735 4,068,709 0.0439 0.0436 0.0433

AL Aug 10 3,934,441 1,349,001 4,168,401 0.0443 0.0441 0.0444

AL Aug 11 3,966,574 1,365,544 4,245,039 0.0446 0.0446 0.0452

AL Aug 12 3,955,846 1,368,079 4,265,544 0.0445 0.0447 0.0454

AL Aug 13 3,956,345 1,373,515 4,303,852 0.0445 0.0449 0.0458

AL Aug 14 3,983,111 1,378,187 4,308,814 0.0448 0.0450 0.0459

AL Aug 15 3,973,821 1,380,620 4,309,578 0.0447 0.0451 0.0459

AL Aug 16 3,951,313 1,378,479 4,282,645 0.0444 0.0450 0.0456

AL Aug 17 3,942,194 1,377,544 4,257,902 0.0443 0.0450 0.0453

AL Aug 18 3,922,582 1,366,680 4,225,247 0.0441 0.0447 0.0450

AL Aug 19 3,921,040 1,364,494 4,214,527 0.0441 0.0446 0.0449

AL Aug 20 3,850,720 1,347,245 4,126,683 0.0433 0.0440 0.0439

AL Aug 21 3,747,671 1,301,451 3,947,717 0.0422 0.0425 0.0420

AL Aug 22 3,597,935 1,245,039 3,741,936 0.0405 0.0407 0.0398

AL Aug 23 3,487,479 1,204,159 3,607,788 0.0392 0.0394 0.0384

AL Sep 0 3,172,931 1,062,515 3,165,623 0.0386 0.0378 0.0375

AL Sep 1 3,095,788 1,041,210 3,108,778 0.0376 0.0371 0.0368

AL Sep 2 3,047,740 1,023,435 3,062,886 0.0371 0.0364 0.0363

AL Sep 3 3,072,181 1,031,217 3,082,703 0.0374 0.0367 0.0365

AL Sep 4 3,194,890 1,073,982 3,203,935 0.0388 0.0382 0.0380

AL Sep 5 3,281,892 1,105,758 3,315,138 0.0399 0.0394 0.0393

AL Sep 6 3,311,581 1,124,098 3,345,868 0.0403 0.0400 0.0396

AL Sep 7 3,413,675 1,137,808 3,402,796 0.0415 0.0405 0.0403

AL Sep 8 3,486,832 1,172,114 3,507,791 0.0424 0.0417 0.0416

AL Sep 9 3,535,599 1,195,133 3,590,521 0.0430 0.0425 0.0425

AL Sep 10 3,565,956 1,216,228 3,668,282 0.0434 0.0433 0.0435

AL Sep 11 3,545,009 1,223,250 3,704,548 0.0431 0.0435 0.0439

AL Sep 12 3,551,028 1,225,644 3,731,097 0.0432 0.0436 0.0442

AL Sep 13 3,573,196 1,241,350 3,768,609 0.0434 0.0442 0.0446

AL Sep 14 3,597,339 1,252,545 3,808,605 0.0437 0.0446 0.0451

AL Sep 15 3,614,664 1,261,701 3,827,550 0.0440 0.0449 0.0453

AL Sep 16 3,617,021 1,261,578 3,819,086 0.0440 0.0449 0.0452

AL Sep 17 3,619,580 1,257,109 3,813,056 0.0440 0.0448 0.0452

AL Sep 18 3,627,053 1,260,241 3,819,723 0.0441 0.0449 0.0452

AL Sep 19 3,623,409 1,261,463 3,790,437 0.0441 0.0449 0.0449

D-4

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 51 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix D

Actual 2002 State Level Monthly-Diurnal Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Hour [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Actual Reported Values [2002]

Calculated Ratios

AL Sep 20 3,577,183 1,236,416 3,705,718 0.0435 0.0440 0.0439

AL Sep 21 3,487,786 1,192,909 3,538,876 0.0424 0.0425 0.0419

AL Sep 22 3,359,963 1,136,427 3,376,674 0.0409 0.0405 0.0400

AL Sep 23 3,264,945 1,096,522 3,256,671 0.0397 0.0390 0.0386

AL Oct 0 3,110,672 1,130,772 2,995,713 0.0385 0.0381 0.0382

AL Oct 1 3,075,088 1,117,841 2,961,641 0.0381 0.0376 0.0378

AL Oct 2 3,065,688 1,114,839 2,951,087 0.0380 0.0375 0.0376

AL Oct 3 3,104,259 1,130,696 2,975,923 0.0385 0.0381 0.0380

AL Oct 4 3,196,004 1,158,663 3,059,006 0.0396 0.0390 0.0390

AL Oct 5 3,315,156 1,198,160 3,168,032 0.0411 0.0403 0.0404

AL Oct 6 3,364,686 1,323,201 3,197,922 0.0417 0.0445 0.0408

AL Oct 7 3,422,774 1,235,158 3,245,934 0.0424 0.0416 0.0414

AL Oct 8 3,489,941 1,264,016 3,330,052 0.0432 0.0426 0.0425

AL Oct 9 3,501,328 1,284,386 3,360,289 0.0434 0.0432 0.0429

AL Oct 10 3,500,981 1,287,602 3,397,817 0.0434 0.0433 0.0433

AL Oct 11 3,501,855 1,285,763 3,431,617 0.0434 0.0433 0.0438

AL Oct 12 3,484,004 1,282,104 3,416,445 0.0432 0.0432 0.0436

AL Oct 13 3,474,043 1,280,710 3,419,364 0.0430 0.0431 0.0436

AL Oct 14 3,479,549 1,285,734 3,426,303 0.0431 0.0433 0.0437

AL Oct 15 3,488,225 1,289,705 3,429,926 0.0432 0.0434 0.0438

AL Oct 16 3,484,827 1,287,241 3,425,513 0.0432 0.0433 0.0437

AL Oct 17 3,492,875 1,294,313 3,450,441 0.0433 0.0436 0.0440

AL Oct 18 3,487,520 1,296,565 3,450,107 0.0432 0.0436 0.0440

AL Oct 19 3,470,708 1,291,892 3,423,988 0.0430 0.0435 0.0437

AL Oct 20 3,448,538 1,278,748 3,382,095 0.0427 0.0430 0.0431

AL Oct 21 3,358,028 1,244,928 3,277,885 0.0416 0.0419 0.0418

AL Oct 22 3,232,770 1,188,205 3,147,611 0.0401 0.0400 0.0402

AL Oct 23 3,162,688 1,152,640 3,062,964 0.0392 0.0388 0.0391

AL Nov 0 2,874,503 1,104,123 2,854,064 0.0387 0.0390 0.0392

AL Nov 1 2,824,556 1,075,192 2,803,283 0.0380 0.0380 0.0385

AL Nov 2 2,803,979 1,066,604 2,785,904 0.0378 0.0377 0.0383

AL Nov 3 2,835,080 1,074,985 2,809,520 0.0382 0.0380 0.0386

AL Nov 4 2,931,408 1,112,758 2,879,968 0.0395 0.0394 0.0396

AL Nov 5 3,064,807 1,168,346 3,003,774 0.0413 0.0413 0.0413

AL Nov 6 3,161,339 1,208,664 3,112,630 0.0426 0.0427 0.0428

AL Nov 7 3,177,846 1,205,865 3,112,150 0.0428 0.0426 0.0428

AL Nov 8 3,177,364 1,213,164 3,104,175 0.0428 0.0429 0.0427

AL Nov 9 3,223,552 1,221,702 3,125,561 0.0434 0.0432 0.0430

AL Nov 10 3,199,469 1,210,652 3,111,519 0.0431 0.0428 0.0428

AL Nov 11 3,162,935 1,200,713 3,087,776 0.0426 0.0425 0.0424

AL Nov 12 3,139,935 1,192,359 3,070,345 0.0423 0.0422 0.0422

AL Nov 13 3,111,729 1,180,161 3,045,946 0.0419 0.0417 0.0419

AL Nov 14 3,093,392 1,177,945 3,039,804 0.0417 0.0417 0.0418

AL Nov 15 3,107,507 1,183,590 3,050,221 0.0419 0.0419 0.0419

AL Nov 16 3,158,072 1,200,446 3,085,113 0.0425 0.0425 0.0424

AL Nov 17 3,232,524 1,226,969 3,161,025 0.0435 0.0434 0.0434

AL Nov 18 3,242,583 1,233,932 3,174,638 0.0437 0.0436 0.0436

AL Nov 19 3,223,480 1,228,574 3,146,189 0.0434 0.0434 0.0432

AL Nov 20 3,221,533 1,230,598 3,134,188 0.0434 0.0435 0.0431

AL Nov 21 3,189,452 1,222,540 3,104,203 0.0430 0.0432 0.0427

AL Nov 22 3,093,471 1,190,949 3,024,037 0.0417 0.0421 0.0416

AL Nov 23 2,992,038 1,146,518 2,934,438 0.0403 0.0405 0.0403

AL Dec 0 3,205,831 1,118,722 2,838,057 0.0391 0.0389 0.0390

D-5

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 52 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix D

Actual 2002 State Level Monthly-Diurnal Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Hour [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Actual Reported Values [2002]

Calculated Ratios

AL Dec 1 3,167,538 1,104,087 2,799,640 0.0386 0.0384 0.0385

AL Dec 2 3,164,469 1,107,980 2,806,818 0.0386 0.0385 0.0386

AL Dec 3 3,208,038 1,121,620 2,831,324 0.0391 0.0390 0.0389

AL Dec 4 3,281,914 1,146,890 2,893,251 0.0400 0.0399 0.0398

AL Dec 5 3,375,405 1,177,736 2,976,587 0.0412 0.0409 0.0409

AL Dec 6 3,488,636 1,217,589 3,099,293 0.0426 0.0423 0.0426

AL Dec 7 3,537,289 1,235,510 3,119,173 0.0431 0.0429 0.0429

AL Dec 8 3,552,158 1,245,669 3,132,449 0.0433 0.0433 0.0431

AL Dec 9 3,557,325 1,246,315 3,125,154 0.0434 0.0433 0.0430

AL Dec 10 3,526,064 1,227,192 3,100,960 0.0430 0.0426 0.0426

AL Dec 11 3,483,264 1,214,331 3,082,794 0.0425 0.0422 0.0424

AL Dec 12 3,434,044 1,241,858 3,048,547 0.0419 0.0432 0.0419

AL Dec 13 3,374,003 1,174,327 2,992,974 0.0412 0.0408 0.0412

AL Dec 14 3,345,612 1,170,860 2,976,566 0.0408 0.0407 0.0409

AL Dec 15 3,362,456 1,180,238 2,991,073 0.0410 0.0410 0.0411

AL Dec 16 3,459,775 1,207,176 3,083,525 0.0422 0.0419 0.0424

AL Dec 17 3,581,738 1,253,741 3,194,905 0.0437 0.0436 0.0439

AL Dec 18 3,594,082 1,267,370 3,214,573 0.0438 0.0440 0.0442

AL Dec 19 3,561,608 1,260,092 3,184,828 0.0434 0.0438 0.0438

AL Dec 20 3,553,749 1,262,191 3,182,503 0.0433 0.0439 0.0438

AL Dec 21 3,531,360 1,250,529 3,142,266 0.0431 0.0435 0.0432

AL Dec 22 3,391,080 1,202,136 3,015,338 0.0414 0.0418 0.0415

AL Dec 23 3,245,883 1,142,679 2,885,737 0.0396 0.0397 0.0397

FL Jan 0 2,299,429 1,317,982 3,802,850 0.0339 0.0314 0.0335

FL Jan 1 2,205,527 1,257,798 3,697,919 0.0326 0.0299 0.0326

FL Jan 2 2,203,963 1,246,266 3,666,185 0.0325 0.0297 0.0323

FL Jan 3 2,224,477 1,250,434 3,680,320 0.0328 0.0298 0.0324

FL Jan 4 2,284,250 1,290,657 3,781,954 0.0337 0.0307 0.0333

FL Jan 5 2,459,505 1,414,683 4,091,805 0.0363 0.0337 0.0360

FL Jan 6 2,811,845 1,692,344 4,638,345 0.0415 0.0403 0.0409

FL Jan 7 3,064,938 1,880,467 5,019,589 0.0452 0.0448 0.0442

FL Jan 8 3,170,024 1,940,985 5,162,357 0.0468 0.0462 0.0455

FL Jan 9 3,170,704 1,963,743 5,230,019 0.0468 0.0468 0.0461

FL Jan 10 3,124,703 1,969,530 5,213,708 0.0461 0.0469 0.0459

FL Jan 11 3,017,949 1,946,980 5,117,836 0.0445 0.0464 0.0451

FL Jan 12 2,945,721 1,910,654 5,051,668 0.0435 0.0455 0.0445

FL Jan 13 2,865,363 1,885,266 4,973,371 0.0423 0.0449 0.0438

FL Jan 14 2,787,986 1,852,388 4,892,552 0.0411 0.0441 0.0431

FL Jan 15 2,763,289 1,845,891 4,887,769 0.0408 0.0439 0.0431

FL Jan 16 2,818,523 1,852,995 4,954,466 0.0416 0.0441 0.0436

FL Jan 17 2,988,376 1,932,657 5,171,039 0.0441 0.0460 0.0455

FL Jan 18 3,403,106 2,208,330 5,663,489 0.0502 0.0526 0.0499

FL Jan 19 3,437,839 2,218,481 5,659,902 0.0507 0.0528 0.0499

FL Jan 20 3,262,336 2,059,050 5,394,295 0.0481 0.0490 0.0475

FL Jan 21 3,069,958 1,894,485 5,044,943 0.0453 0.0451 0.0444

FL Jan 22 2,845,762 1,696,995 4,601,522 0.0420 0.0404 0.0405

FL Jan 23 2,529,965 1,475,452 4,134,079 0.0373 0.0351 0.0364

FL Feb 0 1,739,031 1,000,902 2,955,834 0.0308 0.0293 0.0321

FL Feb 1 1,639,945 950,067 2,863,918 0.0290 0.0278 0.0311

FL Feb 2 1,614,541 940,528 2,835,025 0.0286 0.0275 0.0308

FL Feb 3 1,628,970 945,847 2,850,111 0.0288 0.0277 0.0310

FL Feb 4 1,703,212 985,965 2,959,196 0.0301 0.0289 0.0322

FL Feb 5 1,883,746 1,113,555 3,227,540 0.0333 0.0326 0.0351

D-6

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 53 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix D

Actual 2002 State Level Monthly-Diurnal Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Hour [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Actual Reported Values [2002]

Calculated Ratios

FL Feb 6 2,231,263 1,369,389 3,744,256 0.0395 0.0401 0.0407

FL Feb 7 2,549,195 1,574,901 4,140,555 0.0451 0.0461 0.0450

FL Feb 8 2,630,878 1,622,353 4,229,664 0.0466 0.0475 0.0460

FL Feb 9 2,663,642 1,636,975 4,275,492 0.0471 0.0479 0.0465

FL Feb 10 2,676,062 1,647,364 4,281,343 0.0474 0.0482 0.0466

FL Feb 11 2,589,032 1,594,755 4,186,358 0.0458 0.0467 0.0455

FL Feb 12 2,572,962 1,574,694 4,160,030 0.0455 0.0461 0.0452

FL Feb 13 2,533,366 1,542,525 4,100,874 0.0448 0.0452 0.0446

FL Feb 14 2,468,675 1,505,675 4,040,322 0.0437 0.0441 0.0439

FL Feb 15 2,437,319 1,489,801 4,018,065 0.0431 0.0436 0.0437

FL Feb 16 2,485,234 1,511,169 4,053,660 0.0440 0.0443 0.0441

FL Feb 17 2,622,007 1,570,652 4,176,316 0.0464 0.0460 0.0454

FL Feb 18 2,909,760 1,767,552 4,517,601 0.0515 0.0518 0.0491

FL Feb 19 3,042,293 1,880,881 4,673,318 0.0538 0.0551 0.0508

FL Feb 20 2,864,365 1,746,495 4,466,848 0.0507 0.0511 0.0486

FL Feb 21 2,616,249 1,578,955 4,147,251 0.0463 0.0462 0.0451

FL Feb 22 2,372,582 1,405,912 3,744,772 0.0420 0.0412 0.0407

FL Feb 23 2,041,951 1,188,540 3,321,492 0.0361 0.0348 0.0361

FL Mar 0 2,065,747 1,118,271 3,326,436 0.0295 0.0285 0.0309

FL Mar 1 1,892,868 1,021,148 3,150,206 0.0270 0.0260 0.0293

FL Mar 2 1,812,928 972,919 3,049,145 0.0259 0.0248 0.0283

FL Mar 3 1,780,953 952,037 3,015,716 0.0254 0.0243 0.0280

FL Mar 4 1,794,312 964,647 3,063,493 0.0256 0.0246 0.0284

FL Mar 5 1,909,055 1,036,145 3,261,928 0.0273 0.0264 0.0303

FL Mar 6 2,197,426 1,257,075 3,709,903 0.0314 0.0320 0.0345

FL Mar 7 2,503,340 1,433,445 4,059,937 0.0358 0.0365 0.0377

FL Mar 8 2,796,992 1,591,721 4,400,782 0.0400 0.0406 0.0409

FL Mar 9 3,082,333 1,761,870 4,705,991 0.0440 0.0449 0.0437

FL Mar 10 3,304,592 1,893,779 4,950,066 0.0472 0.0483 0.0460

FL Mar 11 3,406,777 1,952,537 5,100,355 0.0487 0.0498 0.0474

FL Mar 12 3,531,215 2,002,825 5,258,910 0.0504 0.0510 0.0488

FL Mar 13 3,603,289 2,037,519 5,371,325 0.0515 0.0519 0.0499

FL Mar 14 3,621,294 2,053,895 5,419,103 0.0517 0.0523 0.0503

FL Mar 15 3,636,365 2,071,947 5,469,103 0.0520 0.0528 0.0508

FL Mar 16 3,658,356 2,077,598 5,508,128 0.0523 0.0529 0.0512

FL Mar 17 3,649,044 2,063,222 5,486,935 0.0521 0.0526 0.0510

FL Mar 18 3,665,857 2,064,820 5,509,632 0.0524 0.0526 0.0512

FL Mar 19 3,797,955 2,163,173 5,651,331 0.0543 0.0551 0.0525

FL Mar 20 3,647,981 2,045,159 5,355,404 0.0521 0.0521 0.0497

FL Mar 21 3,305,681 1,824,702 4,851,991 0.0472 0.0465 0.0451

FL Mar 22 2,894,733 1,577,278 4,272,169 0.0414 0.0402 0.0397

FL Mar 23 2,438,191 1,306,940 3,737,774 0.0348 0.0333 0.0347

FL Apr 0 2,122,556 1,128,625 3,490,862 0.0288 0.0276 0.0295

FL Apr 1 1,955,149 1,040,978 3,289,089 0.0265 0.0255 0.0278

FL Apr 2 1,855,862 981,468 3,170,624 0.0252 0.0240 0.0268

FL Apr 3 1,800,327 958,514 3,132,493 0.0244 0.0235 0.0265

FL Apr 4 1,863,832 997,119 3,259,524 0.0253 0.0244 0.0276

FL Apr 5 2,120,117 1,141,959 3,624,431 0.0288 0.0280 0.0307

FL Apr 6 2,331,975 1,283,729 3,880,292 0.0317 0.0314 0.0328

FL Apr 7 2,593,181 1,413,140 4,196,646 0.0352 0.0346 0.0355

FL Apr 8 2,975,070 1,642,288 4,675,402 0.0404 0.0402 0.0396

FL Apr 9 3,343,630 1,872,994 5,163,994 0.0454 0.0459 0.0437

FL Apr 10 3,504,661 1,982,715 5,463,767 0.0476 0.0486 0.0462

D-7

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 54 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix D

Actual 2002 State Level Monthly-Diurnal Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Hour [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Actual Reported Values [2002]

Calculated Ratios

FL Apr 11 3,649,330 2,073,756 5,789,773 0.0495 0.0508 0.0490

FL Apr 12 3,781,688 2,159,615 6,046,237 0.0513 0.0529 0.0512

FL Apr 13 3,893,061 2,220,023 6,221,809 0.0528 0.0544 0.0527

FL Apr 14 3,953,203 2,259,477 6,332,557 0.0537 0.0553 0.0536

FL Apr 15 3,998,628 2,280,871 6,378,876 0.0543 0.0559 0.0540

FL Apr 16 3,990,290 2,262,393 6,361,091 0.0542 0.0554 0.0538

FL Apr 17 3,908,528 2,184,250 6,242,845 0.0530 0.0535 0.0528

FL Apr 18 3,791,245 2,074,985 6,058,031 0.0515 0.0508 0.0513

FL Apr 19 3,820,024 2,129,698 6,089,124 0.0518 0.0522 0.0515

FL Apr 20 3,646,766 2,031,072 5,761,902 0.0495 0.0498 0.0488

FL Apr 21 3,324,598 1,811,729 5,154,381 0.0451 0.0444 0.0436

FL Apr 22 2,970,775 1,575,175 4,510,460 0.0403 0.0386 0.0382

FL Apr 23 2,484,141 1,317,669 3,876,789 0.0337 0.0323 0.0328

FL May 0 2,689,862 1,391,174 4,381,615 0.0303 0.0284 0.0308

FL May 1 2,468,891 1,278,539 4,145,946 0.0278 0.0261 0.0291

FL May 2 2,325,003 1,204,227 3,980,709 0.0262 0.0246 0.0280

FL May 3 2,263,462 1,166,204 3,915,140 0.0255 0.0238 0.0275

FL May 4 2,325,504 1,208,506 4,009,619 0.0262 0.0247 0.0282

FL May 5 2,493,137 1,339,156 4,332,215 0.0280 0.0273 0.0304

FL May 6 2,667,714 1,485,846 4,601,428 0.0300 0.0303 0.0323

FL May 7 3,067,426 1,686,661 5,044,905 0.0345 0.0344 0.0354

FL May 8 3,530,119 1,979,806 5,639,262 0.0397 0.0404 0.0396

FL May 9 3,943,577 2,225,986 6,170,132 0.0444 0.0455 0.0433

FL May 10 4,229,022 2,370,428 6,568,070 0.0476 0.0484 0.0461

FL May 11 4,442,858 2,502,439 6,970,468 0.0500 0.0511 0.0490

FL May 12 4,600,077 2,610,520 7,266,157 0.0518 0.0533 0.0510

FL May 13 4,735,876 2,671,933 7,475,686 0.0533 0.0546 0.0525

FL May 14 4,772,662 2,713,834 7,601,247 0.0537 0.0554 0.0534

FL May 15 4,826,640 2,741,605 7,677,735 0.0543 0.0560 0.0539

FL May 16 4,790,138 2,732,148 7,651,794 0.0539 0.0558 0.0538

FL May 17 4,712,657 2,661,594 7,508,591 0.0530 0.0543 0.0527

FL May 18 4,578,167 2,542,934 7,229,033 0.0515 0.0519 0.0508

FL May 19 4,537,772 2,516,298 7,101,309 0.0510 0.0514 0.0499

FL May 20 4,395,449 2,403,361 6,791,659 0.0494 0.0491 0.0477

FL May 21 3,973,920 2,134,501 6,149,474 0.0447 0.0436 0.0432

FL May 22 3,509,330 1,847,059 5,393,998 0.0395 0.0377 0.0379

FL May 23 3,010,341 1,559,934 4,744,853 0.0339 0.0319 0.0333

FL Jun 0 2,327,977 1,218,145 4,260,414 0.0292 0.0277 0.0307

FL Jun 1 2,170,264 1,120,203 4,058,007 0.0272 0.0254 0.0293

FL Jun 2 2,087,072 1,061,400 3,928,415 0.0262 0.0241 0.0283

FL Jun 3 2,049,322 1,027,751 3,878,517 0.0257 0.0233 0.0280

FL Jun 4 2,110,924 1,074,696 3,972,435 0.0265 0.0244 0.0287

FL Jun 5 2,262,760 1,191,967 4,205,780 0.0284 0.0271 0.0303

FL Jun 6 2,413,993 1,314,488 4,465,226 0.0303 0.0299 0.0322

FL Jun 7 2,773,342 1,503,293 4,951,556 0.0348 0.0341 0.0357

FL Jun 8 3,209,213 1,786,352 5,594,830 0.0402 0.0406 0.0404

FL Jun 9 3,631,593 2,050,735 6,222,743 0.0455 0.0466 0.0449

FL Jun 10 3,909,068 2,236,325 6,667,647 0.0490 0.0508 0.0481

FL Jun 11 4,142,700 2,366,376 7,050,242 0.0520 0.0537 0.0508

FL Jun 12 4,280,226 2,453,926 7,283,016 0.0537 0.0557 0.0525

FL Jun 13 4,329,363 2,497,502 7,406,475 0.0543 0.0567 0.0534

FL Jun 14 4,342,046 2,501,575 7,447,835 0.0545 0.0568 0.0537

FL Jun 15 4,373,068 2,492,079 7,424,718 0.0548 0.0566 0.0536

D-8

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 55 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix D

Actual 2002 State Level Monthly-Diurnal Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Hour [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Actual Reported Values [2002]

Calculated Ratios

FL Jun 16 4,297,804 2,451,182 7,307,677 0.0539 0.0557 0.0527

FL Jun 17 4,185,382 2,363,754 7,110,051 0.0525 0.0537 0.0513

FL Jun 18 4,004,746 2,239,952 6,807,106 0.0502 0.0509 0.0491

FL Jun 19 3,955,616 2,197,245 6,650,925 0.0496 0.0499 0.0480

FL Jun 20 3,848,942 2,108,853 6,425,375 0.0483 0.0479 0.0463

FL Jun 21 3,473,837 1,852,184 5,819,896 0.0436 0.0421 0.0420

FL Jun 22 2,994,965 1,572,011 5,141,817 0.0376 0.0357 0.0371

FL Jun 23 2,561,929 1,345,153 4,567,964 0.0321 0.0306 0.0329

FL Jul 0 2,764,634 1,386,971 4,816,291 0.0293 0.0277 0.0307

FL Jul 1 2,545,942 1,280,746 4,581,235 0.0270 0.0256 0.0292

FL Jul 2 2,436,428 1,224,798 4,438,465 0.0258 0.0245 0.0283

FL Jul 3 2,377,262 1,199,963 4,383,175 0.0252 0.0240 0.0279

FL Jul 4 2,429,436 1,233,367 4,456,088 0.0257 0.0247 0.0284

FL Jul 5 2,639,313 1,348,365 4,696,660 0.0280 0.0270 0.0299

FL Jul 6 2,834,109 1,491,803 4,967,819 0.0300 0.0298 0.0316

FL Jul 7 3,267,863 1,700,966 5,528,838 0.0346 0.0340 0.0352

FL Jul 8 3,821,763 2,022,891 6,248,963 0.0405 0.0405 0.0398

FL Jul 9 4,365,148 2,340,596 6,971,523 0.0462 0.0468 0.0444

FL Jul 10 4,659,769 2,540,243 7,541,648 0.0494 0.0508 0.0480

FL Jul 11 4,938,917 2,677,430 7,996,631 0.0523 0.0535 0.0509

FL Jul 12 5,043,492 2,757,728 8,295,607 0.0534 0.0551 0.0528

FL Jul 13 5,104,851 2,795,003 8,439,245 0.0541 0.0559 0.0537

FL Jul 14 5,115,175 2,792,514 8,465,961 0.0542 0.0558 0.0539

FL Jul 15 5,105,309 2,772,194 8,441,744 0.0541 0.0554 0.0537

FL Jul 16 5,058,076 2,740,193 8,339,669 0.0536 0.0548 0.0531

FL Jul 17 4,909,169 2,648,749 8,102,609 0.0520 0.0530 0.0516

FL Jul 18 4,706,304 2,524,426 7,752,706 0.0499 0.0505 0.0494

FL Jul 19 4,682,476 2,493,147 7,516,717 0.0496 0.0499 0.0479

FL Jul 20 4,574,717 2,417,075 7,252,137 0.0485 0.0483 0.0462

FL Jul 21 4,180,311 2,159,689 6,642,740 0.0443 0.0432 0.0423

FL Jul 22 3,690,444 1,863,713 5,927,220 0.0391 0.0373 0.0377

FL Jul 23 3,150,654 1,594,768 5,271,908 0.0334 0.0319 0.0336

FL Aug 0 2,608,883 1,386,882 4,979,830 0.0280 0.0277 0.0310

FL Aug 1 2,437,417 1,276,225 4,755,731 0.0262 0.0255 0.0296

FL Aug 2 2,354,421 1,214,270 4,627,584 0.0253 0.0242 0.0288

FL Aug 3 2,313,626 1,192,577 4,574,524 0.0249 0.0238 0.0285

FL Aug 4 2,395,781 1,248,024 4,668,581 0.0257 0.0249 0.0291

FL Aug 5 2,688,209 1,412,342 4,977,943 0.0289 0.0282 0.0310

FL Aug 6 2,880,070 1,555,155 5,209,770 0.0310 0.0311 0.0324

FL Aug 7 3,164,114 1,702,356 5,623,819 0.0340 0.0340 0.0350

FL Aug 8 3,626,746 1,991,233 6,319,345 0.0390 0.0398 0.0393

FL Aug 9 4,226,563 2,323,985 7,000,308 0.0454 0.0464 0.0436

FL Aug 10 4,636,871 2,548,869 7,564,068 0.0498 0.0509 0.0471

FL Aug 11 4,957,215 2,688,031 8,078,386 0.0533 0.0537 0.0503

FL Aug 12 5,111,701 2,758,274 8,439,913 0.0549 0.0551 0.0526

FL Aug 13 5,173,346 2,779,967 8,610,449 0.0556 0.0555 0.0536

FL Aug 14 5,162,257 2,796,689 8,674,792 0.0555 0.0558 0.0540

FL Aug 15 5,164,485 2,800,364 8,660,851 0.0555 0.0559 0.0539

FL Aug 16 5,109,262 2,768,931 8,561,034 0.0549 0.0553 0.0533

FL Aug 17 4,943,811 2,672,121 8,286,667 0.0531 0.0534 0.0516

FL Aug 18 4,738,381 2,558,304 7,938,631 0.0509 0.0511 0.0494

FL Aug 19 4,694,499 2,563,794 7,774,096 0.0505 0.0512 0.0484

FL Aug 20 4,439,949 2,401,878 7,361,739 0.0477 0.0480 0.0458

D-9

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 56 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix D

Actual 2002 State Level Monthly-Diurnal Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Hour [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Actual Reported Values [2002]

Calculated Ratios

FL Aug 21 3,921,356 2,096,770 6,659,633 0.0421 0.0419 0.0415

FL Aug 22 3,382,248 1,799,085 5,939,495 0.0364 0.0359 0.0370

FL Aug 23 2,910,211 1,540,920 5,314,172 0.0313 0.0308 0.0331

FL Sep 0 2,708,611 1,387,186 4,784,932 0.0290 0.0282 0.0308

FL Sep 1 2,514,397 1,279,494 4,573,301 0.0269 0.0260 0.0294

FL Sep 2 2,398,720 1,225,302 4,424,367 0.0257 0.0249 0.0285

FL Sep 3 2,422,626 1,203,096 4,388,493 0.0260 0.0245 0.0282

FL Sep 4 2,506,904 1,261,239 4,510,807 0.0269 0.0256 0.0290

FL Sep 5 2,794,786 1,444,834 4,896,159 0.0299 0.0294 0.0315

FL Sep 6 3,005,639 1,592,511 5,171,211 0.0322 0.0324 0.0333

FL Sep 7 3,270,983 1,716,554 5,497,234 0.0350 0.0349 0.0354

FL Sep 8 3,786,093 2,002,631 6,124,390 0.0406 0.0407 0.0394

FL Sep 9 4,229,653 2,275,995 6,778,310 0.0453 0.0463 0.0436

FL Sep 10 4,554,202 2,445,027 7,319,218 0.0488 0.0497 0.0471

FL Sep 11 4,740,934 2,544,115 7,752,600 0.0508 0.0517 0.0499

FL Sep 12 4,839,713 2,614,613 8,047,634 0.0518 0.0532 0.0518

FL Sep 13 4,933,152 2,649,517 8,199,271 0.0528 0.0539 0.0528

FL Sep 14 4,958,121 2,667,247 8,261,451 0.0531 0.0542 0.0532

FL Sep 15 5,021,128 2,695,063 8,304,722 0.0538 0.0548 0.0534

FL Sep 16 5,024,782 2,673,650 8,237,181 0.0538 0.0544 0.0530

FL Sep 17 4,878,090 2,594,131 8,034,281 0.0523 0.0527 0.0517

FL Sep 18 4,805,646 2,553,110 7,856,441 0.0515 0.0519 0.0505

FL Sep 19 4,768,398 2,545,932 7,693,340 0.0511 0.0518 0.0495

FL Sep 20 4,493,000 2,355,915 7,183,854 0.0481 0.0479 0.0462

FL Sep 21 4,052,049 2,090,276 6,459,353 0.0434 0.0425 0.0416

FL Sep 22 3,578,820 1,811,223 5,782,777 0.0383 0.0368 0.0372

FL Sep 23 3,062,785 1,555,331 5,151,784 0.0328 0.0316 0.0331

FL Oct 0 2,422,224 1,290,455 4,446,933 0.0288 0.0276 0.0304

FL Oct 1 2,221,106 1,205,028 4,239,433 0.0264 0.0257 0.0290

FL Oct 2 2,105,140 1,161,576 4,097,228 0.0250 0.0248 0.0280

FL Oct 3 2,092,128 1,169,293 4,070,536 0.0248 0.0250 0.0278

FL Oct 4 2,160,334 1,221,328 4,181,679 0.0257 0.0261 0.0286

FL Oct 5 2,463,876 1,392,473 4,598,178 0.0293 0.0297 0.0314

FL Oct 6 2,719,176 1,558,485 4,924,325 0.0323 0.0333 0.0336

FL Oct 7 2,956,227 1,659,338 5,200,175 0.0351 0.0354 0.0355

FL Oct 8 3,400,452 1,939,313 5,776,142 0.0404 0.0414 0.0395

FL Oct 9 3,818,689 2,193,478 6,389,625 0.0453 0.0468 0.0437

FL Oct 10 4,066,601 2,304,802 6,845,470 0.0483 0.0492 0.0468

FL Oct 11 4,228,972 2,388,141 7,234,608 0.0502 0.0510 0.0494

FL Oct 12 4,352,260 2,458,552 7,565,589 0.0517 0.0525 0.0517

FL Oct 13 4,459,482 2,509,089 7,723,420 0.0530 0.0536 0.0528

FL Oct 14 4,537,436 2,534,034 7,803,083 0.0539 0.0541 0.0533

FL Oct 15 4,558,251 2,547,198 7,842,287 0.0541 0.0544 0.0536

FL Oct 16 4,519,088 2,517,130 7,772,732 0.0537 0.0537 0.0531

FL Oct 17 4,448,813 2,462,966 7,617,209 0.0528 0.0526 0.0520

FL Oct 18 4,427,654 2,477,421 7,609,288 0.0526 0.0529 0.0520

FL Oct 19 4,329,673 2,406,661 7,377,367 0.0514 0.0514 0.0504

FL Oct 20 4,076,034 2,232,148 6,770,143 0.0484 0.0477 0.0463

FL Oct 21 3,741,614 2,013,886 6,066,147 0.0444 0.0430 0.0415

FL Oct 22 3,308,374 1,739,951 5,422,231 0.0393 0.0371 0.0371

FL Oct 23 2,800,845 1,454,747 4,773,460 0.0333 0.0311 0.0326

FL Nov 0 1,905,132 1,003,990 3,433,701 0.0316 0.0303 0.0324

FL Nov 1 1,776,295 942,635 3,297,448 0.0294 0.0285 0.0312

D-10

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 57 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix D

Actual 2002 State Level Monthly-Diurnal Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Hour [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Actual Reported Values [2002]

Calculated Ratios

FL Nov 2 1,720,649 915,919 3,241,600 0.0285 0.0277 0.0306

FL Nov 3 1,716,201 912,836 3,232,048 0.0284 0.0276 0.0305

FL Nov 4 1,752,891 941,352 3,301,467 0.0290 0.0284 0.0312

FL Nov 5 1,923,578 1,034,631 3,553,069 0.0319 0.0313 0.0336

FL Nov 6 2,206,824 1,219,971 4,004,690 0.0366 0.0369 0.0378

FL Nov 7 2,429,823 1,354,748 4,353,493 0.0402 0.0409 0.0411

FL Nov 8 2,539,198 1,427,671 4,577,180 0.0421 0.0431 0.0432

FL Nov 9 2,699,341 1,513,974 4,772,232 0.0447 0.0457 0.0451

FL Nov 10 2,792,366 1,563,604 4,873,110 0.0463 0.0472 0.0460

FL Nov 11 2,831,979 1,586,315 4,913,748 0.0469 0.0479 0.0464

FL Nov 12 2,859,948 1,597,981 4,974,149 0.0474 0.0483 0.0470

FL Nov 13 2,882,171 1,613,453 4,999,215 0.0477 0.0487 0.0472

FL Nov 14 2,859,560 1,605,351 4,994,232 0.0474 0.0485 0.0472

FL Nov 15 2,861,307 1,590,790 4,986,532 0.0474 0.0481 0.0471

FL Nov 16 2,884,918 1,583,826 4,972,123 0.0478 0.0479 0.0470

FL Nov 17 3,033,337 1,663,972 5,145,039 0.0502 0.0503 0.0486

FL Nov 18 3,307,458 1,829,838 5,449,317 0.0548 0.0553 0.0515

FL Nov 19 3,160,750 1,739,759 5,286,470 0.0524 0.0526 0.0499

FL Nov 20 2,947,565 1,597,543 4,995,779 0.0488 0.0483 0.0472

FL Nov 21 2,689,128 1,442,497 4,604,876 0.0445 0.0436 0.0435

FL Nov 22 2,447,020 1,285,405 4,154,027 0.0405 0.0388 0.0392

FL Nov 23 2,147,528 1,130,622 3,739,137 0.0356 0.0342 0.0353

FL Dec 0 2,372,123 1,264,648 3,881,404 0.0330 0.0330 0.0347

FL Dec 1 2,245,185 1,183,650 3,717,536 0.0312 0.0309 0.0333

FL Dec 2 2,206,899 1,157,339 3,654,568 0.0307 0.0302 0.0327

FL Dec 3 2,236,869 1,165,095 3,679,289 0.0311 0.0304 0.0329

FL Dec 4 2,322,902 1,210,969 3,801,230 0.0323 0.0316 0.0340

FL Dec 5 2,510,538 1,322,618 4,098,961 0.0349 0.0345 0.0367

FL Dec 6 2,874,429 1,544,008 4,618,700 0.0400 0.0403 0.0413

FL Dec 7 3,213,825 1,716,219 5,019,009 0.0447 0.0448 0.0449

FL Dec 8 3,356,460 1,784,855 5,171,955 0.0467 0.0466 0.0463

FL Dec 9 3,393,441 1,801,923 5,174,899 0.0472 0.0470 0.0463

FL Dec 10 3,356,634 1,791,702 5,082,097 0.0467 0.0467 0.0455

FL Dec 11 3,222,421 1,737,039 4,907,740 0.0448 0.0453 0.0439

FL Dec 12 3,123,973 1,689,904 4,791,163 0.0435 0.0441 0.0429

FL Dec 13 3,025,463 1,634,947 4,687,544 0.0421 0.0427 0.0420

FL Dec 14 2,925,363 1,568,048 4,596,479 0.0407 0.0409 0.0411

FL Dec 15 2,897,980 1,556,949 4,581,226 0.0403 0.0406 0.0410

FL Dec 16 2,996,515 1,599,374 4,667,701 0.0417 0.0417 0.0418

FL Dec 17 3,357,392 1,784,690 5,030,380 0.0467 0.0466 0.0450

FL Dec 18 3,804,081 2,038,224 5,585,788 0.0529 0.0532 0.0500

FL Dec 19 3,740,986 2,008,136 5,549,078 0.0521 0.0524 0.0497

FL Dec 20 3,612,719 1,923,594 5,383,213 0.0503 0.0502 0.0482

FL Dec 21 3,353,392 1,793,466 5,093,614 0.0467 0.0468 0.0456

FL Dec 22 3,034,792 1,622,585 4,679,589 0.0422 0.0423 0.0419

FL Dec 23 2,668,864 1,431,479 4,249,530 0.0371 0.0373 0.0380

GA Jan 0 3,081,484 1,016,202 2,340,253 0.0377 0.0366 0.0369

GA Jan 1 2,949,286 964,517 2,195,318 0.0361 0.0347 0.0346

GA Jan 2 2,865,505 936,415 2,126,012 0.0350 0.0337 0.0335

GA Jan 3 2,900,519 943,348 2,150,704 0.0355 0.0339 0.0339

GA Jan 4 2,957,851 966,570 2,217,577 0.0362 0.0348 0.0350

GA Jan 5 3,145,168 1,038,599 2,403,042 0.0385 0.0374 0.0379

GA Jan 6 3,435,901 1,159,035 2,660,473 0.0420 0.0417 0.0420

D-11

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 58 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix D

Actual 2002 State Level Monthly-Diurnal Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Hour [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Actual Reported Values [2002]

Calculated Ratios

GA Jan 7 3,604,884 1,224,737 2,834,892 0.0441 0.0441 0.0447

GA Jan 8 3,628,562 1,254,786 2,879,729 0.0444 0.0451 0.0454

GA Jan 9 3,688,435 1,273,855 2,917,373 0.0451 0.0458 0.0460

GA Jan 10 3,677,299 1,270,527 2,895,397 0.0450 0.0457 0.0457

GA Jan 11 3,615,236 1,245,228 2,829,872 0.0442 0.0448 0.0446

GA Jan 12 3,539,550 1,221,446 2,764,815 0.0433 0.0439 0.0436

GA Jan 13 3,470,848 1,199,782 2,719,272 0.0425 0.0432 0.0429

GA Jan 14 3,378,883 1,167,399 2,656,164 0.0413 0.0420 0.0419

GA Jan 15 3,380,835 1,159,983 2,647,659 0.0414 0.0417 0.0418

GA Jan 16 3,387,504 1,158,424 2,648,109 0.0414 0.0417 0.0418

GA Jan 17 3,476,139 1,193,922 2,719,762 0.0425 0.0429 0.0429

GA Jan 18 3,714,008 1,288,852 2,925,435 0.0454 0.0464 0.0461

GA Jan 19 3,729,879 1,296,346 2,945,555 0.0456 0.0466 0.0464

GA Jan 20 3,677,547 1,272,235 2,884,245 0.0450 0.0458 0.0455

GA Jan 21 3,662,914 1,258,425 2,847,536 0.0448 0.0453 0.0449

GA Jan 22 3,513,472 1,196,251 2,711,276 0.0430 0.0430 0.0428

GA Jan 23 3,274,893 1,092,325 2,495,423 0.0401 0.0393 0.0394

GA Feb 0 2,595,393 840,335 1,964,091 0.0381 0.0368 0.0374

GA Feb 1 2,438,479 773,016 1,806,224 0.0358 0.0339 0.0344

GA Feb 2 2,402,466 761,473 1,772,263 0.0353 0.0334 0.0337

GA Feb 3 2,430,819 771,214 1,797,003 0.0357 0.0338 0.0342

GA Feb 4 2,502,545 797,704 1,868,587 0.0367 0.0350 0.0355

GA Feb 5 2,676,776 872,805 2,052,106 0.0393 0.0383 0.0390

GA Feb 6 2,954,890 990,105 2,337,884 0.0434 0.0434 0.0445

GA Feb 7 3,001,646 1,020,225 2,409,980 0.0441 0.0447 0.0458

GA Feb 8 3,010,620 1,033,092 2,419,402 0.0442 0.0453 0.0460

GA Feb 9 3,028,005 1,040,937 2,411,898 0.0444 0.0456 0.0459

GA Feb 10 3,025,164 1,042,323 2,373,556 0.0444 0.0457 0.0452

GA Feb 11 3,005,101 1,037,541 2,338,672 0.0441 0.0455 0.0445

GA Feb 12 2,937,709 1,010,754 2,278,298 0.0431 0.0443 0.0433

GA Feb 13 2,873,477 985,976 2,232,689 0.0422 0.0432 0.0425

GA Feb 14 2,840,695 969,492 2,199,902 0.0417 0.0425 0.0418

GA Feb 15 2,823,748 958,191 2,175,080 0.0414 0.0420 0.0414

GA Feb 16 2,814,802 942,200 2,162,280 0.0413 0.0413 0.0411

GA Feb 17 2,843,641 945,750 2,176,934 0.0417 0.0415 0.0414

GA Feb 18 2,993,582 999,573 2,296,217 0.0439 0.0438 0.0437

GA Feb 19 3,065,711 1,037,202 2,367,065 0.0450 0.0455 0.0450

GA Feb 20 3,045,727 1,029,512 2,353,794 0.0447 0.0451 0.0448

GA Feb 21 3,033,325 1,024,219 2,339,301 0.0445 0.0449 0.0445

GA Feb 22 2,964,313 997,382 2,275,595 0.0435 0.0437 0.0433

GA Feb 23 2,824,858 933,895 2,157,763 0.0415 0.0409 0.0410

GA Mar 0 3,417,026 1,057,909 2,624,626 0.0384 0.0380 0.0379

GA Mar 1 3,223,285 986,736 2,424,761 0.0362 0.0354 0.0350

GA Mar 2 3,100,577 950,982 2,331,005 0.0348 0.0341 0.0337

GA Mar 3 3,099,235 951,567 2,335,602 0.0348 0.0341 0.0338

GA Mar 4 3,160,512 966,120 2,403,292 0.0355 0.0347 0.0347

GA Mar 5 3,379,124 1,038,161 2,612,688 0.0380 0.0373 0.0378

GA Mar 6 3,677,933 1,137,574 2,897,527 0.0413 0.0408 0.0419

GA Mar 7 3,802,103 1,180,891 3,009,686 0.0427 0.0424 0.0435

GA Mar 8 3,829,788 1,198,884 3,035,573 0.0430 0.0430 0.0439

GA Mar 9 3,911,099 1,219,591 3,081,701 0.0439 0.0438 0.0445

GA Mar 10 3,971,013 1,241,090 3,111,307 0.0446 0.0445 0.0450

GA Mar 11 3,982,510 1,251,231 3,115,945 0.0447 0.0449 0.0450

D-12

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 59 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix D

Actual 2002 State Level Monthly-Diurnal Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Hour [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Actual Reported Values [2002]

Calculated Ratios

GA Mar 12 3,977,999 1,247,441 3,090,907 0.0447 0.0448 0.0447

GA Mar 13 3,935,417 1,239,080 3,057,292 0.0442 0.0445 0.0442

GA Mar 14 3,896,650 1,231,954 3,037,551 0.0438 0.0442 0.0439

GA Mar 15 3,864,947 1,227,906 3,026,695 0.0434 0.0441 0.0437

GA Mar 16 3,854,437 1,226,266 3,012,634 0.0433 0.0440 0.0435

GA Mar 17 3,833,826 1,211,299 2,968,105 0.0431 0.0435 0.0429

GA Mar 18 3,864,032 1,216,869 2,988,038 0.0434 0.0437 0.0432

GA Mar 19 4,003,952 1,271,071 3,125,736 0.0450 0.0456 0.0452

GA Mar 20 3,964,763 1,260,303 3,107,123 0.0445 0.0452 0.0449

GA Mar 21 3,910,822 1,245,091 3,063,826 0.0439 0.0447 0.0443

GA Mar 22 3,771,398 1,190,601 2,943,504 0.0424 0.0427 0.0425

GA Mar 23 3,583,337 1,119,695 2,779,688 0.0403 0.0402 0.0402

GA Apr 0 2,789,663 843,201 2,174,794 0.0346 0.0337 0.0326

GA Apr 1 2,548,208 762,521 1,983,443 0.0316 0.0305 0.0298

GA Apr 2 2,435,657 726,336 1,897,465 0.0302 0.0290 0.0285

GA Apr 3 2,453,167 728,709 1,906,139 0.0305 0.0291 0.0286

GA Apr 4 2,618,393 776,135 2,032,694 0.0325 0.0310 0.0305

GA Apr 5 3,028,015 914,585 2,359,985 0.0376 0.0366 0.0354

GA Apr 6 3,248,036 998,019 2,550,297 0.0403 0.0399 0.0383

GA Apr 7 3,387,864 1,048,569 2,678,347 0.0421 0.0419 0.0402

GA Apr 8 3,516,925 1,096,858 2,792,179 0.0437 0.0438 0.0419

GA Apr 9 3,601,256 1,129,425 2,901,164 0.0447 0.0451 0.0436

GA Apr 10 3,660,869 1,154,007 3,010,283 0.0455 0.0461 0.0452

GA Apr 11 3,685,891 1,165,890 3,083,589 0.0458 0.0466 0.0463

GA Apr 12 3,690,720 1,170,578 3,143,491 0.0458 0.0468 0.0472

GA Apr 13 3,712,291 1,177,805 3,220,634 0.0461 0.0471 0.0483

GA Apr 14 3,730,433 1,186,350 3,265,617 0.0463 0.0474 0.0490

GA Apr 15 3,754,238 1,194,345 3,303,224 0.0466 0.0477 0.0496

GA Apr 16 3,738,027 1,186,158 3,287,172 0.0464 0.0474 0.0493

GA Apr 17 3,679,438 1,161,133 3,232,864 0.0457 0.0464 0.0485

GA Apr 18 3,578,838 1,122,980 3,121,158 0.0444 0.0449 0.0469

GA Apr 19 3,725,133 1,172,544 3,227,991 0.0463 0.0469 0.0485

GA Apr 20 3,791,970 1,189,274 3,240,056 0.0471 0.0475 0.0486

GA Apr 21 3,651,034 1,132,938 3,033,113 0.0453 0.0453 0.0455

GA Apr 22 3,386,986 1,039,348 2,724,809 0.0421 0.0415 0.0409

GA Apr 23 3,109,735 942,129 2,443,848 0.0386 0.0377 0.0367

GA May 0 2,862,510 703,226 2,229,240 0.0337 0.0321 0.0321

GA May 1 2,690,290 653,170 2,096,545 0.0317 0.0298 0.0302

GA May 2 2,628,393 632,035 2,047,433 0.0310 0.0288 0.0295

GA May 3 2,627,406 630,748 2,046,614 0.0310 0.0287 0.0295

GA May 4 2,771,990 676,333 2,168,902 0.0327 0.0308 0.0312

GA May 5 3,111,208 786,240 2,454,397 0.0367 0.0358 0.0354

GA May 6 3,255,210 828,469 2,571,194 0.0384 0.0378 0.0370

GA May 7 3,381,486 877,460 2,709,196 0.0398 0.0400 0.0390

GA May 8 3,592,044 927,355 2,876,947 0.0423 0.0423 0.0414

GA May 9 3,760,249 983,699 3,017,186 0.0443 0.0448 0.0435

GA May 10 3,894,932 1,024,621 3,145,229 0.0459 0.0467 0.0453

GA May 11 3,966,104 1,042,102 3,241,704 0.0467 0.0475 0.0467

GA May 12 3,984,238 1,053,209 3,316,947 0.0469 0.0480 0.0478

GA May 13 3,988,683 1,056,839 3,395,215 0.0470 0.0482 0.0489

GA May 14 4,018,010 1,064,121 3,459,352 0.0473 0.0485 0.0498

GA May 15 4,048,235 1,069,427 3,488,917 0.0477 0.0487 0.0503

GA May 16 4,020,133 1,063,467 3,458,272 0.0474 0.0485 0.0498

D-13

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 60 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix D

Actual 2002 State Level Monthly-Diurnal Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Hour [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Actual Reported Values [2002]

Calculated Ratios

GA May 17 3,995,337 1,051,934 3,396,551 0.0471 0.0479 0.0489

GA May 18 3,890,290 1,024,500 3,288,080 0.0458 0.0467 0.0474

GA May 19 3,894,083 1,029,554 3,276,798 0.0459 0.0469 0.0472

GA May 20 4,009,084 1,068,147 3,347,594 0.0472 0.0487 0.0482

GA May 21 3,828,790 1,002,938 3,119,169 0.0451 0.0457 0.0449

GA May 22 3,489,841 890,368 2,777,349 0.0411 0.0406 0.0400

GA May 23 3,166,236 799,617 2,495,515 0.0373 0.0364 0.0359

GA Jun 0 3,008,914 739,466 2,442,026 0.0328 0.0315 0.0311

GA Jun 1 2,806,664 689,690 2,290,927 0.0306 0.0294 0.0292

GA Jun 2 2,707,968 661,059 2,214,208 0.0295 0.0282 0.0282

GA Jun 3 2,658,218 646,893 2,177,901 0.0290 0.0276 0.0278

GA Jun 4 2,727,775 665,830 2,244,559 0.0297 0.0284 0.0286

GA Jun 5 2,979,157 728,225 2,453,292 0.0325 0.0311 0.0313

GA Jun 6 3,220,038 787,563 2,634,034 0.0351 0.0336 0.0336

GA Jun 7 3,554,723 876,796 2,912,390 0.0387 0.0374 0.0371

GA Jun 8 3,897,756 960,357 3,200,488 0.0425 0.0409 0.0408

GA Jun 9 4,211,665 1,074,809 3,481,640 0.0459 0.0458 0.0444

GA Jun 10 4,401,278 1,155,721 3,684,921 0.0480 0.0493 0.0470

GA Jun 11 4,499,677 1,182,059 3,814,987 0.0490 0.0504 0.0486

GA Jun 12 4,474,133 1,191,431 3,917,905 0.0488 0.0508 0.0499

GA Jun 13 4,468,729 1,191,448 4,024,775 0.0487 0.0508 0.0513

GA Jun 14 4,444,476 1,167,277 4,045,510 0.0484 0.0498 0.0516

GA Jun 15 4,453,900 1,174,999 4,081,582 0.0485 0.0501 0.0520

GA Jun 16 4,435,292 1,170,664 4,040,416 0.0483 0.0499 0.0515

GA Jun 17 4,420,522 1,162,399 3,983,193 0.0482 0.0496 0.0508

GA Jun 18 4,323,560 1,125,121 3,854,256 0.0471 0.0480 0.0491

GA Jun 19 4,300,376 1,114,807 3,762,531 0.0469 0.0475 0.0480

GA Jun 20 4,400,072 1,149,139 3,788,244 0.0479 0.0490 0.0483

GA Jun 21 4,232,409 1,079,052 3,558,073 0.0461 0.0460 0.0454

GA Jun 22 3,771,866 932,998 3,101,363 0.0411 0.0398 0.0395

GA Jun 23 3,368,903 825,016 2,734,365 0.0367 0.0352 0.0349

GA Jul 0 3,546,728 850,270 2,801,407 0.0351 0.0327 0.0308

GA Jul 1 3,286,519 788,821 2,603,679 0.0325 0.0304 0.0286

GA Jul 2 3,151,827 752,881 2,507,999 0.0312 0.0290 0.0276

GA Jul 3 3,047,078 727,991 2,439,217 0.0301 0.0280 0.0268

GA Jul 4 3,076,871 739,541 2,496,442 0.0304 0.0285 0.0275

GA Jul 5 3,327,006 801,637 2,731,612 0.0329 0.0308 0.0301

GA Jul 6 3,545,378 862,171 2,936,247 0.0351 0.0332 0.0323

GA Jul 7 3,886,676 963,246 3,218,154 0.0384 0.0371 0.0354

GA Jul 8 4,279,139 1,069,723 3,555,188 0.0423 0.0412 0.0391

GA Jul 9 4,592,856 1,180,153 3,875,590 0.0454 0.0454 0.0426

GA Jul 10 4,760,474 1,256,275 4,168,707 0.0471 0.0483 0.0459

GA Jul 11 4,823,385 1,288,919 4,437,842 0.0477 0.0496 0.0488

GA Jul 12 4,817,667 1,299,954 4,649,944 0.0476 0.0500 0.0512

GA Jul 13 4,795,180 1,292,611 4,777,930 0.0474 0.0497 0.0526

GA Jul 14 4,811,790 1,290,783 4,865,630 0.0476 0.0497 0.0535

GA Jul 15 4,808,412 1,288,459 4,884,975 0.0475 0.0496 0.0537

GA Jul 16 4,766,908 1,274,466 4,819,432 0.0471 0.0490 0.0530

GA Jul 17 4,754,857 1,266,101 4,742,004 0.0470 0.0487 0.0522

GA Jul 18 4,712,471 1,255,183 4,621,128 0.0466 0.0483 0.0508

GA Jul 19 4,689,089 1,240,539 4,472,248 0.0464 0.0477 0.0492

GA Jul 20 4,762,284 1,261,497 4,395,554 0.0471 0.0485 0.0484

GA Jul 21 4,605,730 1,193,090 4,102,357 0.0455 0.0459 0.0451

D-14

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 61 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix D

Actual 2002 State Level Monthly-Diurnal Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Hour [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Actual Reported Values [2002]

Calculated Ratios

GA Jul 22 4,342,713 1,084,216 3,622,986 0.0429 0.0417 0.0399

GA Jul 23 3,942,001 959,108 3,166,148 0.0390 0.0369 0.0348

GA Aug 0 3,347,635 808,884 2,691,013 0.0334 0.0314 0.0300

GA Aug 1 3,108,946 752,274 2,511,485 0.0311 0.0292 0.0280

GA Aug 2 2,960,090 714,038 2,394,293 0.0296 0.0278 0.0267

GA Aug 3 2,891,878 698,505 2,353,093 0.0289 0.0272 0.0262

GA Aug 4 2,991,531 730,269 2,454,200 0.0299 0.0284 0.0273

GA Aug 5 3,402,119 839,676 2,803,938 0.0340 0.0326 0.0312

GA Aug 6 3,610,005 886,341 2,982,179 0.0361 0.0345 0.0332

GA Aug 7 3,846,318 958,340 3,193,482 0.0384 0.0373 0.0356

GA Aug 8 4,186,561 1,047,722 3,491,777 0.0418 0.0407 0.0389

GA Aug 9 4,492,241 1,154,701 3,812,415 0.0449 0.0449 0.0425

GA Aug 10 4,713,264 1,235,548 4,124,383 0.0471 0.0480 0.0460

GA Aug 11 4,808,173 1,270,462 4,407,168 0.0480 0.0494 0.0491

GA Aug 12 4,806,515 1,293,425 4,614,453 0.0480 0.0503 0.0514

GA Aug 13 4,773,293 1,290,448 4,724,098 0.0477 0.0502 0.0526

GA Aug 14 4,821,465 1,301,317 4,810,453 0.0482 0.0506 0.0536

GA Aug 15 4,837,464 1,305,484 4,853,821 0.0483 0.0508 0.0541

GA Aug 16 4,832,156 1,291,100 4,827,250 0.0483 0.0502 0.0538

GA Aug 17 4,814,712 1,275,253 4,755,263 0.0481 0.0496 0.0530

GA Aug 18 4,754,811 1,251,543 4,614,937 0.0475 0.0487 0.0514

GA Aug 19 4,826,464 1,272,706 4,530,597 0.0482 0.0495 0.0505

GA Aug 20 4,876,143 1,275,387 4,379,870 0.0487 0.0496 0.0488

GA Aug 21 4,573,014 1,151,787 3,954,395 0.0457 0.0448 0.0441

GA Aug 22 4,147,761 1,020,685 3,456,135 0.0414 0.0397 0.0385

GA Aug 23 3,683,286 896,764 2,996,067 0.0368 0.0349 0.0334

GA Sep 0 3,009,475 732,602 2,389,452 0.0333 0.0315 0.0311

GA Sep 1 2,798,361 679,069 2,226,087 0.0310 0.0292 0.0289

GA Sep 2 2,730,489 658,755 2,169,827 0.0302 0.0284 0.0282

GA Sep 3 2,694,962 650,082 2,146,182 0.0299 0.0280 0.0279

GA Sep 4 2,844,595 690,083 2,286,997 0.0315 0.0297 0.0297

GA Sep 5 3,271,242 804,912 2,648,378 0.0362 0.0347 0.0344

GA Sep 6 3,475,122 873,271 2,813,105 0.0385 0.0376 0.0366

GA Sep 7 3,575,292 911,489 2,905,325 0.0396 0.0392 0.0378

GA Sep 8 3,818,349 976,568 3,110,425 0.0423 0.0420 0.0404

GA Sep 9 4,063,853 1,059,168 3,313,946 0.0450 0.0456 0.0431

GA Sep 10 4,195,567 1,099,444 3,453,831 0.0465 0.0473 0.0449

GA Sep 11 4,258,319 1,122,130 3,626,506 0.0472 0.0483 0.0471

GA Sep 12 4,247,401 1,130,052 3,763,897 0.0471 0.0486 0.0489

GA Sep 13 4,216,303 1,120,233 3,851,069 0.0467 0.0482 0.0501

GA Sep 14 4,286,977 1,145,800 3,947,648 0.0475 0.0493 0.0513

GA Sep 15 4,298,266 1,143,880 3,969,173 0.0476 0.0492 0.0516

GA Sep 16 4,300,760 1,143,304 3,959,467 0.0476 0.0492 0.0515

GA Sep 17 4,286,809 1,132,268 3,923,210 0.0475 0.0487 0.0510

GA Sep 18 4,251,737 1,123,463 3,856,901 0.0471 0.0484 0.0501

GA Sep 19 4,338,120 1,158,585 3,854,147 0.0481 0.0499 0.0501

GA Sep 20 4,312,678 1,136,506 3,701,142 0.0478 0.0489 0.0481

GA Sep 21 4,033,318 1,020,758 3,369,190 0.0447 0.0439 0.0438

GA Sep 22 3,628,268 896,583 2,958,396 0.0402 0.0386 0.0385

GA Sep 23 3,330,058 819,207 2,674,563 0.0369 0.0353 0.0348

GA Oct 0 3,024,341 843,008 2,383,057 0.0348 0.0336 0.0331

GA Oct 1 2,835,764 790,684 2,225,640 0.0327 0.0316 0.0309

GA Oct 2 2,752,610 762,589 2,164,809 0.0317 0.0304 0.0301

D-15

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 62 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix D

Actual 2002 State Level Monthly-Diurnal Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Hour [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Actual Reported Values [2002]

Calculated Ratios

GA Oct 3 2,749,874 759,496 2,172,202 0.0317 0.0303 0.0302

GA Oct 4 2,925,267 814,974 2,339,237 0.0337 0.0325 0.0325

GA Oct 5 3,390,126 957,805 2,735,597 0.0391 0.0382 0.0380

GA Oct 6 3,644,766 1,053,423 2,957,529 0.0420 0.0420 0.0411

GA Oct 7 3,660,429 1,059,395 2,981,953 0.0422 0.0423 0.0414

GA Oct 8 3,834,979 1,104,456 3,135,991 0.0442 0.0441 0.0435

GA Oct 9 3,978,480 1,172,051 3,273,242 0.0458 0.0468 0.0454

GA Oct 10 4,041,725 1,196,557 3,340,349 0.0466 0.0478 0.0464

GA Oct 11 4,032,502 1,190,421 3,367,673 0.0465 0.0475 0.0468

GA Oct 12 3,991,285 1,180,209 3,400,795 0.0460 0.0471 0.0472

GA Oct 13 3,956,405 1,169,035 3,416,843 0.0456 0.0467 0.0474

GA Oct 14 3,980,852 1,165,158 3,442,999 0.0459 0.0465 0.0478

GA Oct 15 3,909,246 1,138,307 3,384,935 0.0450 0.0454 0.0470

GA Oct 16 3,835,247 1,114,350 3,316,197 0.0442 0.0445 0.0460

GA Oct 17 3,770,204 1,083,946 3,244,010 0.0434 0.0433 0.0450

GA Oct 18 3,991,327 1,166,302 3,396,098 0.0460 0.0465 0.0471

GA Oct 19 3,985,946 1,167,536 3,396,720 0.0459 0.0466 0.0472

GA Oct 20 3,922,570 1,139,658 3,307,415 0.0452 0.0455 0.0459

GA Oct 21 3,769,072 1,081,326 3,114,572 0.0434 0.0432 0.0432

GA Oct 22 3,537,128 1,016,710 2,881,077 0.0408 0.0406 0.0400

GA Oct 23 3,272,925 930,983 2,649,678 0.0377 0.0372 0.0368

GA Nov 0 2,391,540 713,386 1,844,139 0.0363 0.0359 0.0358

GA Nov 1 2,191,833 658,568 1,701,295 0.0333 0.0332 0.0330

GA Nov 2 2,170,324 652,284 1,686,387 0.0330 0.0329 0.0327

GA Nov 3 2,192,867 661,412 1,703,475 0.0333 0.0333 0.0330

GA Nov 4 2,265,811 681,905 1,761,688 0.0344 0.0344 0.0342

GA Nov 5 2,471,430 744,993 1,921,015 0.0376 0.0375 0.0373

GA Nov 6 2,798,410 840,649 2,193,449 0.0425 0.0424 0.0425

GA Nov 7 2,928,754 876,343 2,324,481 0.0445 0.0442 0.0451

GA Nov 8 2,932,187 883,546 2,332,659 0.0446 0.0445 0.0452

GA Nov 9 2,970,055 906,636 2,360,401 0.0451 0.0457 0.0458

GA Nov 10 2,977,862 907,208 2,361,423 0.0453 0.0457 0.0458

GA Nov 11 2,950,498 894,889 2,328,479 0.0448 0.0451 0.0452

GA Nov 12 2,879,839 866,218 2,260,493 0.0438 0.0436 0.0438

GA Nov 13 2,817,301 850,405 2,217,301 0.0428 0.0428 0.0430

GA Nov 14 2,783,968 836,638 2,184,224 0.0423 0.0422 0.0424

GA Nov 15 2,747,955 823,644 2,150,294 0.0418 0.0415 0.0417

GA Nov 16 2,747,342 824,060 2,154,890 0.0418 0.0415 0.0418

GA Nov 17 2,907,624 874,351 2,282,999 0.0442 0.0441 0.0443

GA Nov 18 3,128,326 954,355 2,461,924 0.0475 0.0481 0.0477

GA Nov 19 3,033,620 921,971 2,385,076 0.0461 0.0465 0.0463

GA Nov 20 3,004,830 909,942 2,359,263 0.0457 0.0458 0.0458

GA Nov 21 2,997,472 905,166 2,334,964 0.0456 0.0456 0.0453

GA Nov 22 2,891,353 874,720 2,239,642 0.0439 0.0441 0.0434

GA Nov 23 2,622,194 784,878 2,017,294 0.0398 0.0395 0.0391

GA Dec 0 3,184,757 911,373 2,349,473 0.0374 0.0377 0.0372

GA Dec 1 3,044,448 869,162 2,236,648 0.0358 0.0360 0.0354

GA Dec 2 3,001,849 858,234 2,204,723 0.0353 0.0355 0.0349

GA Dec 3 3,042,393 871,163 2,238,095 0.0357 0.0360 0.0354

GA Dec 4 3,115,407 893,785 2,299,144 0.0366 0.0370 0.0364

GA Dec 5 3,356,710 963,853 2,484,849 0.0394 0.0399 0.0393

GA Dec 6 3,601,980 1,025,340 2,675,314 0.0423 0.0424 0.0424

GA Dec 7 3,774,865 1,075,306 2,813,304 0.0443 0.0445 0.0445

D-16

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 63 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix D

Actual 2002 State Level Monthly-Diurnal Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Hour [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Actual Reported Values [2002]

Calculated Ratios

GA Dec 8 3,846,502 1,092,262 2,872,706 0.0452 0.0452 0.0455

GA Dec 9 3,964,116 1,120,959 2,954,298 0.0466 0.0464 0.0468

GA Dec 10 3,941,586 1,110,828 2,922,525 0.0463 0.0460 0.0463

GA Dec 11 3,833,348 1,080,541 2,832,270 0.0450 0.0447 0.0448

GA Dec 12 3,655,005 1,022,879 2,690,751 0.0429 0.0423 0.0426

GA Dec 13 3,486,128 974,802 2,572,520 0.0409 0.0403 0.0407

GA Dec 14 3,379,358 946,052 2,491,664 0.0397 0.0391 0.0394

GA Dec 15 3,341,646 939,716 2,470,131 0.0393 0.0389 0.0391

GA Dec 16 3,381,507 951,842 2,500,962 0.0397 0.0394 0.0396

GA Dec 17 3,641,599 1,033,032 2,713,281 0.0428 0.0427 0.0430

GA Dec 18 3,905,537 1,111,357 2,920,685 0.0459 0.0460 0.0462

GA Dec 19 3,847,743 1,093,998 2,882,576 0.0452 0.0453 0.0456

GA Dec 20 3,836,009 1,097,050 2,878,995 0.0451 0.0454 0.0456

GA Dec 21 3,842,983 1,102,271 2,880,206 0.0451 0.0456 0.0456

GA Dec 22 3,711,113 1,058,039 2,766,944 0.0436 0.0438 0.0438

GA Dec 23 3,398,724 969,035 2,518,529 0.0399 0.0401 0.0399

KY Jan 0 3,403,668 1,530,327 3,227,175 0.0385 0.0389 0.0388

KY Jan 1 3,356,459 1,515,572 3,189,213 0.0380 0.0386 0.0383

KY Jan 2 3,351,496 1,510,032 3,178,874 0.0379 0.0384 0.0382

KY Jan 3 3,325,442 1,511,114 3,172,865 0.0376 0.0385 0.0381

KY Jan 4 3,383,306 1,536,046 3,221,053 0.0383 0.0391 0.0387

KY Jan 5 3,481,136 1,581,741 3,309,261 0.0394 0.0402 0.0398

KY Jan 6 3,716,104 1,654,464 3,492,098 0.0420 0.0421 0.0420

KY Jan 7 3,877,206 1,705,939 3,595,334 0.0439 0.0434 0.0432

KY Jan 8 3,840,350 1,712,259 3,617,341 0.0434 0.0436 0.0435

KY Jan 9 3,876,148 1,712,579 3,623,036 0.0439 0.0436 0.0436

KY Jan 10 3,875,302 1,709,885 3,616,547 0.0438 0.0435 0.0435

KY Jan 11 3,812,307 1,688,952 3,570,206 0.0431 0.0430 0.0429

KY Jan 12 3,758,419 1,676,231 3,541,721 0.0425 0.0427 0.0426

KY Jan 13 3,737,421 1,657,035 3,523,255 0.0423 0.0422 0.0424

KY Jan 14 3,687,918 1,635,905 3,475,817 0.0417 0.0416 0.0418

KY Jan 15 3,686,011 1,635,068 3,458,763 0.0417 0.0416 0.0416

KY Jan 16 3,673,933 1,630,127 3,465,012 0.0416 0.0415 0.0417

KY Jan 17 3,800,622 1,680,994 3,563,265 0.0430 0.0428 0.0428

KY Jan 18 3,927,434 1,728,430 3,662,176 0.0444 0.0440 0.0440

KY Jan 19 3,915,752 1,715,930 3,660,602 0.0443 0.0437 0.0440

KY Jan 20 3,901,330 1,713,194 3,647,940 0.0441 0.0436 0.0439

KY Jan 21 3,826,253 1,677,239 3,588,814 0.0433 0.0427 0.0431

KY Jan 22 3,685,571 1,626,726 3,471,996 0.0417 0.0414 0.0417

KY Jan 23 3,487,190 1,552,179 3,313,659 0.0395 0.0395 0.0398

KY Feb 0 2,829,863 1,334,316 2,804,656 0.0387 0.0387 0.0388

KY Feb 1 2,783,432 1,319,681 2,762,629 0.0381 0.0383 0.0383

KY Feb 2 2,780,312 1,327,383 2,758,522 0.0380 0.0385 0.0382

KY Feb 3 2,783,437 1,334,391 2,765,908 0.0381 0.0388 0.0383

KY Feb 4 2,808,633 1,347,084 2,794,191 0.0384 0.0391 0.0387

KY Feb 5 2,893,613 1,392,134 2,876,104 0.0396 0.0404 0.0398

KY Feb 6 3,124,498 1,466,306 3,062,707 0.0427 0.0426 0.0424

KY Feb 7 3,220,300 1,510,175 3,174,431 0.0440 0.0439 0.0440

KY Feb 8 3,220,342 1,519,438 3,190,584 0.0440 0.0441 0.0442

KY Feb 9 3,234,938 1,509,214 3,179,580 0.0442 0.0438 0.0440

KY Feb 10 3,219,423 1,487,640 3,151,346 0.0440 0.0432 0.0436

KY Feb 11 3,171,385 1,464,205 3,102,736 0.0434 0.0425 0.0430

KY Feb 12 3,118,981 1,450,126 3,075,598 0.0426 0.0421 0.0426

D-17

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 64 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix D

Actual 2002 State Level Monthly-Diurnal Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Hour [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Actual Reported Values [2002]

Calculated Ratios

KY Feb 13 3,087,740 1,438,494 3,039,064 0.0422 0.0418 0.0421

KY Feb 14 3,041,776 1,425,843 3,006,107 0.0416 0.0414 0.0416

KY Feb 15 2,962,587 1,405,630 2,960,468 0.0405 0.0408 0.0410

KY Feb 16 2,969,604 1,420,115 2,969,838 0.0406 0.0412 0.0411

KY Feb 17 3,025,983 1,444,163 3,011,747 0.0414 0.0419 0.0417

KY Feb 18 3,175,924 1,502,240 3,122,661 0.0434 0.0436 0.0432

KY Feb 19 3,239,455 1,525,694 3,182,281 0.0443 0.0443 0.0441

KY Feb 20 3,241,346 1,515,277 3,170,633 0.0443 0.0440 0.0439

KY Feb 21 3,203,555 1,497,237 3,139,781 0.0438 0.0435 0.0435

KY Feb 22 3,087,236 1,431,626 3,020,520 0.0422 0.0416 0.0418

KY Feb 23 2,924,098 1,367,233 2,892,185 0.0400 0.0397 0.0401

KY Mar 0 3,185,786 1,597,308 3,209,200 0.0385 0.0388 0.0388

KY Mar 1 3,145,216 1,580,585 3,162,086 0.0380 0.0384 0.0382

KY Mar 2 3,127,009 1,566,619 3,138,402 0.0378 0.0381 0.0379

KY Mar 3 3,132,252 1,561,969 3,135,774 0.0379 0.0380 0.0379

KY Mar 4 3,173,696 1,582,742 3,172,277 0.0384 0.0385 0.0383

KY Mar 5 3,232,720 1,637,221 3,260,566 0.0391 0.0398 0.0394

KY Mar 6 3,393,169 1,699,015 3,430,167 0.0410 0.0413 0.0414

KY Mar 7 3,458,281 1,723,061 3,534,234 0.0418 0.0419 0.0427

KY Mar 8 3,509,975 1,758,137 3,589,716 0.0424 0.0428 0.0434

KY Mar 9 3,597,920 1,785,203 3,617,826 0.0435 0.0434 0.0437

KY Mar 10 3,613,242 1,790,499 3,613,791 0.0437 0.0435 0.0436

KY Mar 11 3,584,905 1,768,236 3,576,422 0.0433 0.0430 0.0432

KY Mar 12 3,544,290 1,749,911 3,544,251 0.0428 0.0426 0.0428

KY Mar 13 3,655,282 1,819,021 3,611,132 0.0442 0.0442 0.0436

KY Mar 14 3,535,794 1,757,290 3,530,484 0.0427 0.0427 0.0426

KY Mar 15 3,546,558 1,753,426 3,525,239 0.0429 0.0426 0.0426

KY Mar 16 3,520,012 1,740,871 3,508,906 0.0425 0.0423 0.0424

KY Mar 17 3,555,166 1,752,176 3,520,024 0.0430 0.0426 0.0425

KY Mar 18 3,597,891 1,773,745 3,559,003 0.0435 0.0431 0.0430

KY Mar 19 3,662,983 1,805,934 3,622,700 0.0443 0.0439 0.0438

KY Mar 20 3,642,846 1,799,363 3,611,867 0.0440 0.0438 0.0436

KY Mar 21 3,573,836 1,771,991 3,563,435 0.0432 0.0431 0.0430

KY Mar 22 3,447,860 1,712,142 3,455,996 0.0417 0.0416 0.0417

KY Mar 23 3,297,612 1,637,915 3,308,824 0.0399 0.0398 0.0400

KY Apr 0 2,652,782 1,256,983 2,775,278 0.0366 0.0376 0.0372

KY Apr 1 2,578,533 1,240,530 2,714,866 0.0355 0.0371 0.0364

KY Apr 2 2,539,099 1,232,367 2,680,329 0.0350 0.0368 0.0360

KY Apr 3 2,563,228 1,243,106 2,702,289 0.0353 0.0371 0.0363

KY Apr 4 2,669,459 1,277,918 2,797,385 0.0368 0.0382 0.0375

KY Apr 5 2,868,256 1,356,584 2,960,670 0.0395 0.0405 0.0397

KY Apr 6 3,043,737 1,395,220 3,089,577 0.0420 0.0417 0.0414

KY Apr 7 3,081,560 1,412,219 3,135,179 0.0425 0.0422 0.0421

KY Apr 8 3,152,613 1,434,867 3,196,901 0.0435 0.0429 0.0429

KY Apr 9 3,213,817 1,454,516 3,250,449 0.0443 0.0435 0.0436

KY Apr 10 3,201,104 1,460,987 3,265,708 0.0441 0.0437 0.0438

KY Apr 11 3,227,748 1,462,574 3,283,978 0.0445 0.0437 0.0441

KY Apr 12 3,244,155 1,469,970 3,296,417 0.0447 0.0439 0.0442

KY Apr 13 3,294,530 1,512,286 3,349,575 0.0454 0.0452 0.0449

KY Apr 14 3,225,863 1,467,375 3,300,463 0.0445 0.0438 0.0443

KY Apr 15 3,246,863 1,474,433 3,297,745 0.0448 0.0441 0.0442

KY Apr 16 3,181,718 1,445,314 3,259,483 0.0439 0.0432 0.0437

KY Apr 17 3,142,674 1,442,521 3,241,339 0.0433 0.0431 0.0435

D-18

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 65 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix D

Actual 2002 State Level Monthly-Diurnal Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Hour [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Actual Reported Values [2002]

Calculated Ratios

KY Apr 18 3,126,256 1,431,467 3,235,488 0.0431 0.0428 0.0434

KY Apr 19 3,223,590 1,471,310 3,303,417 0.0444 0.0440 0.0443

KY Apr 20 3,246,443 1,484,013 3,316,619 0.0447 0.0443 0.0445

KY Apr 21 3,119,964 1,426,202 3,195,581 0.0430 0.0426 0.0429

KY Apr 22 2,927,566 1,333,595 3,018,570 0.0404 0.0398 0.0405

KY Apr 23 2,775,468 1,281,398 2,876,956 0.0383 0.0383 0.0386

KY May 0 2,753,698 1,001,149 2,871,635 0.0358 0.0358 0.0372

KY May 1 2,690,840 975,009 2,799,305 0.0350 0.0348 0.0363

KY May 2 2,641,386 961,985 2,759,918 0.0343 0.0344 0.0358

KY May 3 2,653,648 968,606 2,776,235 0.0345 0.0346 0.0360

KY May 4 2,758,274 1,006,456 2,854,851 0.0358 0.0360 0.0370

KY May 5 2,962,969 1,077,012 3,006,024 0.0385 0.0385 0.0390

KY May 6 3,108,173 1,131,439 3,108,291 0.0404 0.0404 0.0403

KY May 7 3,246,123 1,175,456 3,201,514 0.0422 0.0420 0.0415

KY May 8 3,362,209 1,211,559 3,282,879 0.0437 0.0433 0.0426

KY May 9 3,412,737 1,231,691 3,338,533 0.0443 0.0440 0.0433

KY May 10 3,427,604 1,243,925 3,367,381 0.0445 0.0445 0.0437

KY May 11 3,445,882 1,259,701 3,388,882 0.0448 0.0450 0.0440

KY May 12 3,464,924 1,274,611 3,423,353 0.0450 0.0456 0.0444

KY May 13 3,475,586 1,272,090 3,438,235 0.0451 0.0455 0.0446

KY May 14 3,473,027 1,265,149 3,444,229 0.0451 0.0452 0.0447

KY May 15 3,500,580 1,270,320 3,469,372 0.0455 0.0454 0.0450

KY May 16 3,485,066 1,268,396 3,459,248 0.0453 0.0453 0.0449

KY May 17 3,468,876 1,263,917 3,440,084 0.0451 0.0452 0.0446

KY May 18 3,415,836 1,236,715 3,384,093 0.0444 0.0442 0.0439

KY May 19 3,432,299 1,242,014 3,387,275 0.0446 0.0444 0.0439

KY May 20 3,473,176 1,256,092 3,432,270 0.0451 0.0449 0.0445

KY May 21 3,319,166 1,202,820 3,321,394 0.0431 0.0430 0.0431

KY May 22 3,091,184 1,121,825 3,142,247 0.0402 0.0401 0.0408

KY May 23 2,917,373 1,062,287 3,000,545 0.0379 0.0380 0.0389

KY Jun 0 3,087,977 1,098,570 3,176,102 0.0362 0.0360 0.0371

KY Jun 1 2,953,012 1,055,620 3,065,944 0.0346 0.0346 0.0358

KY Jun 2 2,865,983 1,026,659 2,979,935 0.0336 0.0336 0.0348

KY Jun 3 2,843,390 1,017,902 2,959,134 0.0333 0.0333 0.0346

KY Jun 4 2,906,264 1,041,091 3,002,535 0.0341 0.0341 0.0351

KY Jun 5 3,059,048 1,099,966 3,110,267 0.0359 0.0360 0.0363

KY Jun 6 3,204,088 1,146,437 3,221,607 0.0376 0.0375 0.0376

KY Jun 7 3,421,248 1,229,315 3,394,164 0.0401 0.0402 0.0397

KY Jun 8 3,621,947 1,293,765 3,549,992 0.0425 0.0424 0.0415

KY Jun 9 3,760,733 1,348,936 3,668,349 0.0441 0.0442 0.0429

KY Jun 10 3,834,572 1,383,306 3,737,507 0.0450 0.0453 0.0437

KY Jun 11 3,901,548 1,400,903 3,812,157 0.0457 0.0459 0.0445

KY Jun 12 3,932,342 1,414,479 3,876,596 0.0461 0.0463 0.0453

KY Jun 13 3,949,981 1,415,226 3,927,136 0.0463 0.0463 0.0459

KY Jun 14 3,967,478 1,427,059 3,976,104 0.0465 0.0467 0.0465

KY Jun 15 3,987,835 1,442,622 4,004,468 0.0468 0.0472 0.0468

KY Jun 16 3,986,667 1,438,679 4,016,540 0.0467 0.0471 0.0469

KY Jun 17 3,947,074 1,417,526 3,972,265 0.0463 0.0464 0.0464

KY Jun 18 3,898,341 1,390,335 3,897,748 0.0457 0.0455 0.0455

KY Jun 19 3,863,192 1,374,134 3,842,399 0.0453 0.0450 0.0449

KY Jun 20 3,830,039 1,369,835 3,822,773 0.0449 0.0448 0.0447

KY Jun 21 3,697,446 1,320,277 3,717,975 0.0433 0.0432 0.0434

KY Jun 22 3,490,495 1,234,849 3,519,303 0.0409 0.0404 0.0411

D-19

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 66 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix D

Actual 2002 State Level Monthly-Diurnal Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Hour [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Actual Reported Values [2002]

Calculated Ratios

KY Jun 23 3,283,126 1,155,437 3,327,095 0.0385 0.0378 0.0389

KY Jul 0 3,525,121 1,331,886 3,534,514 0.0380 0.0378 0.0369

KY Jul 1 3,355,237 1,278,905 3,408,333 0.0361 0.0363 0.0356

KY Jul 2 3,215,415 1,229,615 3,298,801 0.0346 0.0349 0.0345

KY Jul 3 3,168,227 1,212,003 3,261,769 0.0341 0.0344 0.0341

KY Jul 4 3,215,166 1,224,381 3,286,885 0.0346 0.0348 0.0343

KY Jul 5 3,321,384 1,263,814 3,351,338 0.0358 0.0359 0.0350

KY Jul 6 3,465,319 1,306,343 3,461,501 0.0373 0.0371 0.0362

KY Jul 7 3,664,746 1,400,810 3,650,990 0.0395 0.0398 0.0381

KY Jul 8 3,915,678 1,481,616 3,827,253 0.0422 0.0421 0.0400

KY Jul 9 4,100,617 1,552,676 4,009,935 0.0442 0.0441 0.0419

KY Jul 10 4,141,842 1,573,982 4,151,119 0.0446 0.0447 0.0434

KY Jul 11 4,190,991 1,589,808 4,298,228 0.0451 0.0451 0.0449

KY Jul 12 4,219,096 1,595,652 4,395,777 0.0454 0.0453 0.0459

KY Jul 13 4,213,583 1,604,227 4,467,887 0.0454 0.0456 0.0467

KY Jul 14 4,224,360 1,604,273 4,523,244 0.0455 0.0456 0.0473

KY Jul 15 4,234,207 1,608,449 4,560,024 0.0456 0.0457 0.0476

KY Jul 16 4,210,072 1,604,432 4,559,755 0.0453 0.0456 0.0476

KY Jul 17 4,197,444 1,597,634 4,535,354 0.0452 0.0454 0.0474

KY Jul 18 4,139,296 1,572,406 4,460,260 0.0446 0.0447 0.0466

KY Jul 19 4,140,343 1,564,292 4,380,970 0.0446 0.0444 0.0458

KY Jul 20 4,179,115 1,575,403 4,341,558 0.0450 0.0447 0.0454

KY Jul 21 4,131,951 1,553,267 4,232,940 0.0445 0.0441 0.0442

KY Jul 22 3,957,477 1,482,271 3,988,890 0.0426 0.0421 0.0417

KY Jul 23 3,744,010 1,407,561 3,729,233 0.0403 0.0400 0.0390

KY Aug 0 3,544,915 1,202,709 3,469,105 0.0367 0.0363 0.0368

KY Aug 1 3,422,524 1,164,603 3,357,856 0.0355 0.0352 0.0356

KY Aug 2 3,338,501 1,132,562 3,267,414 0.0346 0.0342 0.0347

KY Aug 3 3,293,103 1,128,706 3,236,508 0.0341 0.0341 0.0343

KY Aug 4 3,335,828 1,148,595 3,300,443 0.0346 0.0347 0.0350

KY Aug 5 3,491,034 1,206,789 3,412,044 0.0362 0.0364 0.0362

KY Aug 6 3,642,600 1,243,553 3,522,178 0.0377 0.0375 0.0374

KY Aug 7 3,835,140 1,323,473 3,678,395 0.0397 0.0400 0.0390

KY Aug 8 4,073,626 1,399,971 3,843,845 0.0422 0.0423 0.0408

KY Aug 9 4,251,294 1,455,968 4,003,870 0.0441 0.0440 0.0425

KY Aug 10 4,347,259 1,489,535 4,136,920 0.0450 0.0450 0.0439

KY Aug 11 4,378,717 1,508,733 4,256,480 0.0454 0.0456 0.0452

KY Aug 12 4,393,903 1,524,118 4,329,887 0.0455 0.0460 0.0460

KY Aug 13 4,422,976 1,539,768 4,406,800 0.0458 0.0465 0.0468

KY Aug 14 4,437,716 1,547,653 4,443,495 0.0460 0.0467 0.0472

KY Aug 15 4,440,542 1,551,651 4,459,320 0.0460 0.0468 0.0473

KY Aug 16 4,425,588 1,545,263 4,454,603 0.0459 0.0467 0.0473

KY Aug 17 4,413,783 1,524,853 4,409,269 0.0457 0.0460 0.0468

KY Aug 18 4,380,936 1,494,913 4,303,740 0.0454 0.0451 0.0457

KY Aug 19 4,392,024 1,496,749 4,251,095 0.0455 0.0452 0.0451

KY Aug 20 4,379,610 1,485,377 4,217,501 0.0454 0.0448 0.0448

KY Aug 21 4,210,888 1,417,089 4,044,108 0.0436 0.0428 0.0429

KY Aug 22 3,941,472 1,332,682 3,817,994 0.0408 0.0402 0.0405

KY Aug 23 3,707,933 1,256,482 3,599,411 0.0384 0.0379 0.0382

KY Sep 0 2,964,289 996,485 2,919,930 0.0361 0.0357 0.0362

KY Sep 1 2,870,382 964,072 2,840,432 0.0349 0.0346 0.0352

KY Sep 2 2,787,976 943,915 2,779,477 0.0339 0.0339 0.0345

KY Sep 3 2,804,532 948,776 2,769,609 0.0341 0.0340 0.0343

D-20

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 67 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix D

Actual 2002 State Level Monthly-Diurnal Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Hour [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Actual Reported Values [2002]

Calculated Ratios

KY Sep 4 2,898,744 989,718 2,857,648 0.0353 0.0355 0.0354

KY Sep 5 3,081,772 1,060,568 2,995,084 0.0375 0.0380 0.0371

KY Sep 6 3,215,608 1,097,097 3,121,585 0.0391 0.0394 0.0387

KY Sep 7 3,304,284 1,130,784 3,199,454 0.0402 0.0406 0.0397

KY Sep 8 3,434,411 1,171,758 3,315,509 0.0418 0.0420 0.0411

KY Sep 9 3,570,839 1,209,673 3,424,910 0.0434 0.0434 0.0425

KY Sep 10 3,678,814 1,241,639 3,519,188 0.0448 0.0445 0.0436

KY Sep 11 3,750,708 1,270,557 3,614,918 0.0456 0.0456 0.0448

KY Sep 12 3,773,180 1,277,130 3,679,481 0.0459 0.0458 0.0456

KY Sep 13 3,801,227 1,289,703 3,743,219 0.0462 0.0463 0.0464

KY Sep 14 3,800,140 1,297,044 3,787,747 0.0462 0.0465 0.0470

KY Sep 15 3,795,994 1,302,319 3,801,880 0.0462 0.0467 0.0471

KY Sep 16 3,783,543 1,300,148 3,796,428 0.0460 0.0466 0.0471

KY Sep 17 3,771,127 1,286,477 3,763,923 0.0459 0.0461 0.0467

KY Sep 18 3,765,419 1,275,206 3,722,780 0.0458 0.0457 0.0462

KY Sep 19 3,791,830 1,277,823 3,716,984 0.0461 0.0458 0.0461

KY Sep 20 3,740,714 1,250,721 3,633,445 0.0455 0.0449 0.0451

KY Sep 21 3,500,976 1,175,689 3,423,771 0.0426 0.0422 0.0425

KY Sep 22 3,242,851 1,088,648 3,194,804 0.0395 0.0391 0.0396

KY Sep 23 3,065,835 1,031,663 3,021,684 0.0373 0.0370 0.0375

KY Oct 0 2,278,896 1,039,501 2,586,750 0.0366 0.0376 0.0376

KY Oct 1 2,227,233 1,020,526 2,543,419 0.0358 0.0369 0.0370

KY Oct 2 2,198,399 1,012,344 2,512,024 0.0354 0.0366 0.0365

KY Oct 3 2,212,904 1,021,216 2,525,691 0.0356 0.0369 0.0367

KY Oct 4 2,311,335 1,052,998 2,608,913 0.0372 0.0381 0.0379

KY Oct 5 2,469,785 1,101,259 2,726,671 0.0397 0.0398 0.0397

KY Oct 6 2,637,419 1,158,074 2,862,691 0.0424 0.0419 0.0416

KY Oct 7 2,693,406 1,176,028 2,913,310 0.0433 0.0426 0.0424

KY Oct 8 2,729,754 1,188,281 2,952,105 0.0439 0.0430 0.0429

KY Oct 9 2,757,119 1,192,403 2,993,360 0.0443 0.0431 0.0435

KY Oct 10 2,723,051 1,187,873 2,995,231 0.0438 0.0430 0.0436

KY Oct 11 2,720,381 1,189,661 3,007,614 0.0437 0.0430 0.0437

KY Oct 12 2,714,978 1,194,446 3,011,627 0.0437 0.0432 0.0438

KY Oct 13 2,707,186 1,199,090 3,009,588 0.0435 0.0434 0.0438

KY Oct 14 2,706,257 1,197,544 2,994,231 0.0435 0.0433 0.0436

KY Oct 15 2,711,523 1,203,563 2,996,320 0.0436 0.0435 0.0436

KY Oct 16 2,723,684 1,210,665 3,000,402 0.0438 0.0438 0.0436

KY Oct 17 2,750,183 1,226,818 3,027,326 0.0442 0.0444 0.0440

KY Oct 18 2,804,990 1,246,471 3,066,898 0.0451 0.0451 0.0446

KY Oct 19 2,833,249 1,242,487 3,066,753 0.0456 0.0450 0.0446

KY Oct 20 2,759,348 1,216,889 3,006,234 0.0444 0.0440 0.0437

KY Oct 21 2,652,098 1,169,920 2,906,404 0.0426 0.0423 0.0423

KY Oct 22 2,494,473 1,115,242 2,771,093 0.0401 0.0404 0.0403

KY Oct 23 2,367,902 1,075,197 2,662,935 0.0381 0.0389 0.0387

KY Nov 0 2,422,536 1,118,975 2,591,748 0.0379 0.0395 0.0391

KY Nov 1 2,356,323 1,095,090 2,537,410 0.0369 0.0386 0.0383

KY Nov 2 2,367,494 1,086,653 2,516,480 0.0370 0.0383 0.0380

KY Nov 3 2,386,839 1,089,267 2,519,274 0.0373 0.0384 0.0380

KY Nov 4 2,415,740 1,106,413 2,558,320 0.0378 0.0390 0.0386

KY Nov 5 2,468,416 1,129,838 2,607,883 0.0386 0.0398 0.0393

KY Nov 6 2,632,729 1,175,377 2,735,869 0.0412 0.0414 0.0413

KY Nov 7 2,714,530 1,195,414 2,795,275 0.0425 0.0422 0.0422

KY Nov 8 2,754,488 1,204,179 2,825,323 0.0431 0.0425 0.0426

D-21

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 68 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix D

Actual 2002 State Level Monthly-Diurnal Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Hour [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Actual Reported Values [2002]

Calculated Ratios

KY Nov 9 2,824,461 1,226,327 2,890,106 0.0442 0.0432 0.0436

KY Nov 10 2,813,806 1,227,058 2,907,006 0.0440 0.0433 0.0438

KY Nov 11 2,777,561 1,212,096 2,868,910 0.0434 0.0427 0.0433

KY Nov 12 2,750,079 1,202,290 2,850,666 0.0430 0.0424 0.0430

KY Nov 13 2,757,965 1,197,718 2,832,599 0.0431 0.0422 0.0427

KY Nov 14 2,728,342 1,183,900 2,811,323 0.0427 0.0417 0.0424

KY Nov 15 2,703,926 1,182,019 2,797,686 0.0423 0.0417 0.0422

KY Nov 16 2,711,087 1,192,712 2,800,355 0.0424 0.0421 0.0422

KY Nov 17 2,831,053 1,228,197 2,871,391 0.0443 0.0433 0.0433

KY Nov 18 2,874,376 1,248,720 2,908,424 0.0450 0.0440 0.0439

KY Nov 19 2,830,424 1,242,309 2,889,743 0.0443 0.0438 0.0436

KY Nov 20 2,809,414 1,236,011 2,877,825 0.0439 0.0436 0.0434

KY Nov 21 2,810,067 1,224,376 2,845,340 0.0439 0.0432 0.0429

KY Nov 22 2,655,656 1,192,816 2,771,150 0.0415 0.0421 0.0418

KY Nov 23 2,541,726 1,160,739 2,685,393 0.0398 0.0409 0.0405

KY Dec 0 3,397,203 1,497,727 3,221,155 0.0384 0.0394 0.0395

KY Dec 1 3,341,898 1,480,833 3,177,042 0.0378 0.0390 0.0390

KY Dec 2 3,304,945 1,464,534 3,147,297 0.0374 0.0385 0.0386

KY Dec 3 3,314,704 1,461,086 3,144,311 0.0375 0.0384 0.0386

KY Dec 4 3,357,070 1,475,238 3,171,851 0.0380 0.0388 0.0389

KY Dec 5 3,503,380 1,532,005 3,271,587 0.0396 0.0403 0.0402

KY Dec 6 3,707,600 1,592,737 3,395,494 0.0419 0.0419 0.0417

KY Dec 7 3,807,538 1,614,496 3,455,002 0.0431 0.0425 0.0424

KY Dec 8 3,860,987 1,642,801 3,506,340 0.0437 0.0432 0.0430

KY Dec 9 3,911,254 1,658,278 3,544,522 0.0442 0.0436 0.0435

KY Dec 10 3,910,089 1,644,946 3,525,036 0.0442 0.0433 0.0433

KY Dec 11 3,825,710 1,621,156 3,475,841 0.0433 0.0426 0.0427

KY Dec 12 3,783,955 1,608,546 3,449,877 0.0428 0.0423 0.0423

KY Dec 13 3,740,261 1,597,853 3,420,474 0.0423 0.0420 0.0420

KY Dec 14 3,678,324 1,579,253 3,380,910 0.0416 0.0415 0.0415

KY Dec 15 3,679,275 1,562,779 3,359,655 0.0416 0.0411 0.0412

KY Dec 16 3,723,602 1,588,964 3,403,955 0.0421 0.0418 0.0418

KY Dec 17 3,867,731 1,646,054 3,514,154 0.0437 0.0433 0.0431

KY Dec 18 3,908,982 1,662,935 3,561,609 0.0442 0.0437 0.0437

KY Dec 19 3,860,887 1,644,759 3,539,105 0.0437 0.0433 0.0434

KY Dec 20 3,867,744 1,651,301 3,543,614 0.0437 0.0434 0.0435

KY Dec 21 3,819,045 1,638,890 3,509,569 0.0432 0.0431 0.0431

KY Dec 22 3,723,350 1,603,663 3,432,871 0.0421 0.0422 0.0421

KY Dec 23 3,535,845 1,545,039 3,313,593 0.0400 0.0406 0.0407

MS Jan 0 300,037 157,706 681,031 0.0374 0.0351 0.0364

MS Jan 1 289,290 151,459 665,738 0.0360 0.0337 0.0356

MS Jan 2 287,751 148,804 660,967 0.0358 0.0331 0.0354

MS Jan 3 291,148 148,222 668,501 0.0362 0.0329 0.0358

MS Jan 4 302,852 156,414 695,674 0.0377 0.0348 0.0372

MS Jan 5 323,353 178,713 755,028 0.0403 0.0397 0.0404

MS Jan 6 348,706 198,881 818,333 0.0434 0.0442 0.0438

MS Jan 7 355,063 209,218 838,316 0.0442 0.0465 0.0448

MS Jan 8 357,451 206,704 838,060 0.0445 0.0459 0.0448

MS Jan 9 358,623 208,957 842,247 0.0447 0.0464 0.0451

MS Jan 10 356,907 204,931 839,569 0.0444 0.0456 0.0449

MS Jan 11 346,623 195,627 818,876 0.0432 0.0435 0.0438

MS Jan 12 340,586 185,527 797,895 0.0424 0.0412 0.0427

MS Jan 13 331,359 183,143 776,008 0.0413 0.0407 0.0415

D-22

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 69 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix D

Actual 2002 State Level Monthly-Diurnal Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Hour [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Actual Reported Values [2002]

Calculated Ratios

MS Jan 14 324,003 176,230 757,019 0.0403 0.0392 0.0405

MS Jan 15 323,645 173,168 752,708 0.0403 0.0385 0.0403

MS Jan 16 333,852 181,977 777,833 0.0416 0.0405 0.0416

MS Jan 17 359,449 203,235 835,302 0.0448 0.0452 0.0447

MS Jan 18 372,202 229,266 879,363 0.0463 0.0510 0.0470

MS Jan 19 371,048 225,168 872,934 0.0462 0.0501 0.0467

MS Jan 20 367,302 220,656 855,161 0.0457 0.0491 0.0457

MS Jan 21 354,555 206,831 821,109 0.0441 0.0460 0.0439

MS Jan 22 331,412 185,461 751,395 0.0413 0.0412 0.0402

MS Jan 23 304,465 162,266 694,209 0.0379 0.0361 0.0371

MS Feb 0 181,787 144,680 592,680 0.0348 0.0332 0.0350

MS Feb 1 176,523 142,763 588,813 0.0338 0.0328 0.0348

MS Feb 2 177,588 142,598 591,129 0.0340 0.0328 0.0349

MS Feb 3 182,268 145,277 599,182 0.0349 0.0334 0.0354

MS Feb 4 200,147 159,233 639,307 0.0383 0.0366 0.0378

MS Feb 5 226,102 186,280 713,386 0.0433 0.0428 0.0422

MS Feb 6 245,608 224,842 804,213 0.0470 0.0517 0.0475

MS Feb 7 246,999 236,630 821,878 0.0473 0.0544 0.0486

MS Feb 8 242,749 223,482 799,264 0.0465 0.0513 0.0472

MS Feb 9 239,154 211,830 778,398 0.0458 0.0487 0.0460

MS Feb 10 239,008 195,473 748,970 0.0458 0.0449 0.0443

MS Feb 11 226,841 180,839 724,298 0.0434 0.0415 0.0428

MS Feb 12 216,102 168,902 699,967 0.0414 0.0388 0.0414

MS Feb 13 208,962 158,781 678,787 0.0400 0.0365 0.0401

MS Feb 14 201,923 150,653 662,724 0.0387 0.0346 0.0392

MS Feb 15 198,164 149,084 656,827 0.0379 0.0343 0.0388

MS Feb 16 204,955 155,311 668,145 0.0392 0.0357 0.0395

MS Feb 17 217,497 176,733 707,004 0.0416 0.0406 0.0418

MS Feb 18 243,658 218,277 777,572 0.0466 0.0502 0.0460

MS Feb 19 244,724 219,127 785,091 0.0468 0.0503 0.0464

MS Feb 20 242,419 214,983 781,038 0.0464 0.0494 0.0462

MS Feb 21 236,058 202,851 767,413 0.0452 0.0466 0.0454

MS Feb 22 223,683 182,973 694,935 0.0428 0.0420 0.0411

MS Feb 23 200,839 160,870 637,359 0.0384 0.0370 0.0377

MS Mar 0 337,599 176,903 671,396 0.0379 0.0350 0.0344

MS Mar 1 311,836 168,021 658,557 0.0350 0.0332 0.0337

MS Mar 2 298,832 162,591 652,653 0.0336 0.0322 0.0334

MS Mar 3 299,837 164,420 659,372 0.0337 0.0325 0.0338

MS Mar 4 321,524 174,209 688,550 0.0361 0.0345 0.0353

MS Mar 5 356,989 209,620 774,745 0.0401 0.0415 0.0397

MS Mar 6 373,584 225,222 850,416 0.0420 0.0446 0.0435

MS Mar 7 379,808 226,647 863,398 0.0427 0.0448 0.0442

MS Mar 8 388,936 228,973 869,283 0.0437 0.0453 0.0445

MS Mar 9 392,827 226,272 874,879 0.0441 0.0448 0.0448

MS Mar 10 393,128 224,267 885,425 0.0441 0.0444 0.0453

MS Mar 11 396,026 223,489 878,915 0.0445 0.0442 0.0450

MS Mar 12 393,023 217,458 865,563 0.0441 0.0430 0.0443

MS Mar 13 388,540 214,283 854,086 0.0436 0.0424 0.0437

MS Mar 14 381,636 209,095 841,469 0.0429 0.0414 0.0431

MS Mar 15 378,494 207,557 832,329 0.0425 0.0411 0.0426

MS Mar 16 386,426 211,259 834,927 0.0434 0.0418 0.0428

MS Mar 17 392,149 216,518 846,550 0.0440 0.0428 0.0433

MS Mar 18 397,547 236,378 907,903 0.0446 0.0468 0.0465

D-23

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 70 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix D

Actual 2002 State Level Monthly-Diurnal Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Hour [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Actual Reported Values [2002]

Calculated Ratios

MS Mar 19 398,376 246,894 933,628 0.0447 0.0489 0.0478

MS Mar 20 392,734 240,412 918,228 0.0441 0.0476 0.0470

MS Mar 21 388,730 229,585 887,976 0.0437 0.0454 0.0455

MS Mar 22 391,128 220,615 777,514 0.0439 0.0437 0.0398

MS Mar 23 364,793 192,944 700,796 0.0410 0.0382 0.0359

MS Apr 0 289,274 210,302 674,456 0.0341 0.0301 0.0313

MS Apr 1 272,781 194,279 658,179 0.0321 0.0278 0.0306

MS Apr 2 255,674 182,964 645,036 0.0301 0.0262 0.0299

MS Apr 3 258,132 199,983 667,783 0.0304 0.0286 0.0310

MS Apr 4 294,364 213,211 739,553 0.0347 0.0305 0.0343

MS Apr 5 326,760 248,505 808,818 0.0385 0.0355 0.0376

MS Apr 6 349,825 267,606 870,840 0.0412 0.0383 0.0404

MS Apr 7 366,360 286,256 903,990 0.0432 0.0409 0.0420

MS Apr 8 379,890 301,972 930,848 0.0447 0.0432 0.0432

MS Apr 9 375,915 307,857 955,252 0.0443 0.0440 0.0443

MS Apr 10 371,886 312,687 967,176 0.0438 0.0447 0.0449

MS Apr 11 376,643 332,849 1,000,566 0.0444 0.0476 0.0465

MS Apr 12 385,311 340,996 1,025,779 0.0454 0.0488 0.0476

MS Apr 13 385,970 343,187 1,030,671 0.0455 0.0491 0.0479

MS Apr 14 386,736 347,908 1,032,186 0.0456 0.0498 0.0479

MS Apr 15 393,806 353,322 1,044,825 0.0464 0.0505 0.0485

MS Apr 16 394,838 351,503 1,035,746 0.0465 0.0503 0.0481

MS Apr 17 390,569 341,431 1,018,817 0.0460 0.0488 0.0473

MS Apr 18 392,006 336,261 1,017,146 0.0462 0.0481 0.0472

MS Apr 19 398,154 351,627 1,047,902 0.0469 0.0503 0.0487

MS Apr 20 396,961 340,313 1,018,343 0.0468 0.0487 0.0473

MS Apr 21 380,259 311,166 925,539 0.0448 0.0445 0.0430

MS Apr 22 350,316 272,826 794,988 0.0413 0.0390 0.0369

MS Apr 23 317,916 241,623 724,562 0.0374 0.0346 0.0336

MS May 0 357,994 258,998 847,936 0.0306 0.0292 0.0320

MS May 1 334,112 244,300 819,285 0.0285 0.0275 0.0309

MS May 2 327,824 241,345 814,911 0.0280 0.0272 0.0308

MS May 3 332,654 265,833 838,645 0.0284 0.0299 0.0317

MS May 4 372,890 271,971 912,516 0.0318 0.0306 0.0344

MS May 5 417,989 301,039 981,611 0.0357 0.0339 0.0370

MS May 6 462,291 329,864 1,039,932 0.0395 0.0372 0.0393

MS May 7 519,425 362,519 1,094,522 0.0443 0.0408 0.0413

MS May 8 538,400 388,483 1,159,752 0.0460 0.0438 0.0438

MS May 9 557,538 411,089 1,195,918 0.0476 0.0463 0.0451

MS May 10 559,292 415,930 1,218,226 0.0477 0.0469 0.0460

MS May 11 561,832 421,646 1,239,118 0.0480 0.0475 0.0468

MS May 12 561,123 434,561 1,258,714 0.0479 0.0490 0.0475

MS May 13 551,740 439,634 1,267,729 0.0471 0.0495 0.0478

MS May 14 556,478 448,826 1,275,851 0.0475 0.0506 0.0482

MS May 15 559,115 458,503 1,286,808 0.0477 0.0516 0.0486

MS May 16 555,371 449,044 1,269,685 0.0474 0.0506 0.0479

MS May 17 546,069 433,700 1,241,680 0.0466 0.0489 0.0469

MS May 18 547,005 425,738 1,228,655 0.0467 0.0480 0.0464

MS May 19 555,484 429,915 1,252,377 0.0474 0.0484 0.0473

MS May 20 549,539 418,655 1,219,580 0.0469 0.0472 0.0460

MS May 21 523,192 395,984 1,133,626 0.0447 0.0446 0.0428

MS May 22 465,486 339,347 996,424 0.0397 0.0382 0.0376

MS May 23 403,263 290,433 901,005 0.0344 0.0327 0.0340

D-24

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 71 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix D

Actual 2002 State Level Monthly-Diurnal Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Hour [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Actual Reported Values [2002]

Calculated Ratios

MS Jun 0 341,454 235,254 927,740 0.0291 0.0257 0.0287

MS Jun 1 313,065 218,714 893,033 0.0267 0.0239 0.0276

MS Jun 2 301,332 210,169 881,348 0.0257 0.0229 0.0272

MS Jun 3 299,823 226,308 893,898 0.0256 0.0247 0.0276

MS Jun 4 316,990 218,625 935,610 0.0270 0.0239 0.0289

MS Jun 5 348,643 235,736 1,008,613 0.0297 0.0257 0.0312

MS Jun 6 418,960 280,818 1,124,291 0.0357 0.0307 0.0348

MS Jun 7 501,141 340,706 1,246,624 0.0428 0.0372 0.0385

MS Jun 8 556,441 400,331 1,381,849 0.0475 0.0437 0.0427

MS Jun 9 582,672 435,660 1,481,015 0.0497 0.0476 0.0458

MS Jun 10 587,392 462,309 1,561,519 0.0501 0.0505 0.0483

MS Jun 11 587,946 480,422 1,620,330 0.0502 0.0524 0.0501

MS Jun 12 579,770 492,880 1,669,654 0.0495 0.0538 0.0516

MS Jun 13 582,636 506,140 1,711,224 0.0497 0.0553 0.0529

MS Jun 14 576,726 511,502 1,728,760 0.0492 0.0558 0.0534

MS Jun 15 574,684 511,288 1,709,965 0.0490 0.0558 0.0529

MS Jun 16 576,196 502,375 1,679,497 0.0492 0.0548 0.0519

MS Jun 17 574,724 487,944 1,643,867 0.0490 0.0533 0.0508

MS Jun 18 563,424 466,631 1,592,798 0.0481 0.0509 0.0492

MS Jun 19 569,402 461,103 1,579,160 0.0486 0.0503 0.0488

MS Jun 20 564,833 449,387 1,524,446 0.0482 0.0491 0.0471

MS Jun 21 536,034 409,384 1,371,958 0.0457 0.0447 0.0424

MS Jun 22 468,975 342,086 1,163,023 0.0400 0.0373 0.0359

MS Jun 23 396,823 274,378 1,020,968 0.0339 0.0300 0.0316

MS Jul 0 335,908 249,121 1,125,103 0.0314 0.0257 0.0286

MS Jul 1 313,481 235,121 1,078,662 0.0293 0.0243 0.0274

MS Jul 2 304,077 227,325 1,063,423 0.0284 0.0235 0.0270

MS Jul 3 306,472 256,296 1,077,182 0.0286 0.0265 0.0274

MS Jul 4 310,640 229,379 1,112,128 0.0290 0.0237 0.0283

MS Jul 5 323,746 238,455 1,199,792 0.0303 0.0246 0.0305

MS Jul 6 356,823 256,224 1,297,782 0.0334 0.0265 0.0330

MS Jul 7 432,199 310,499 1,428,708 0.0404 0.0321 0.0363

MS Jul 8 482,603 385,501 1,618,928 0.0451 0.0398 0.0411

MS Jul 9 522,690 465,594 1,822,567 0.0489 0.0481 0.0463

MS Jul 10 526,584 511,772 1,970,217 0.0492 0.0529 0.0501

MS Jul 11 522,227 534,097 2,063,143 0.0488 0.0552 0.0524

MS Jul 12 517,438 549,768 2,104,001 0.0484 0.0568 0.0535

MS Jul 13 517,959 559,794 2,130,414 0.0484 0.0578 0.0541

MS Jul 14 521,343 566,802 2,145,659 0.0487 0.0586 0.0545

MS Jul 15 522,356 559,386 2,133,553 0.0488 0.0578 0.0542

MS Jul 16 520,649 541,060 2,077,357 0.0487 0.0559 0.0528

MS Jul 17 518,672 521,602 2,022,392 0.0485 0.0539 0.0514

MS Jul 18 515,755 494,005 1,941,461 0.0482 0.0510 0.0493

MS Jul 19 520,684 489,970 1,914,389 0.0487 0.0506 0.0486

MS Jul 20 515,789 468,363 1,823,823 0.0482 0.0484 0.0463

MS Jul 21 485,998 412,354 1,609,793 0.0454 0.0426 0.0409

MS Jul 22 429,361 336,937 1,377,414 0.0401 0.0348 0.0350

MS Jul 23 375,205 279,215 1,215,274 0.0351 0.0288 0.0309

MS Aug 0 398,879 261,206 1,049,987 0.0326 0.0276 0.0293

MS Aug 1 369,182 234,851 1,000,838 0.0301 0.0248 0.0280

MS Aug 2 349,692 222,480 972,515 0.0286 0.0235 0.0272

MS Aug 3 339,796 254,166 978,245 0.0277 0.0269 0.0273

MS Aug 4 372,731 231,950 1,043,736 0.0304 0.0245 0.0292

D-25

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 72 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix D

Actual 2002 State Level Monthly-Diurnal Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Hour [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Actual Reported Values [2002]

Calculated Ratios

MS Aug 5 413,169 265,592 1,152,662 0.0337 0.0281 0.0322

MS Aug 6 432,852 276,313 1,217,001 0.0353 0.0292 0.0340

MS Aug 7 501,186 312,383 1,301,644 0.0409 0.0330 0.0364

MS Aug 8 554,195 382,784 1,469,266 0.0452 0.0405 0.0411

MS Aug 9 585,918 443,572 1,637,685 0.0478 0.0469 0.0458

MS Aug 10 591,357 476,018 1,755,828 0.0483 0.0503 0.0491

MS Aug 11 600,847 506,589 1,835,440 0.0491 0.0536 0.0513

MS Aug 12 603,122 532,009 1,889,629 0.0492 0.0563 0.0528

MS Aug 13 586,026 538,137 1,902,462 0.0478 0.0569 0.0532

MS Aug 14 583,473 536,550 1,917,367 0.0476 0.0567 0.0536

MS Aug 15 584,740 529,567 1,908,645 0.0477 0.0560 0.0533

MS Aug 16 589,342 518,409 1,878,059 0.0481 0.0548 0.0525

MS Aug 17 590,667 496,486 1,832,408 0.0482 0.0525 0.0512

MS Aug 18 582,754 478,822 1,776,197 0.0476 0.0506 0.0496

MS Aug 19 588,827 484,336 1,780,993 0.0481 0.0512 0.0498

MS Aug 20 574,252 449,220 1,655,777 0.0469 0.0475 0.0463

MS Aug 21 538,304 391,064 1,445,807 0.0439 0.0414 0.0404

MS Aug 22 479,992 337,585 1,257,748 0.0392 0.0357 0.0351

MS Aug 23 437,072 295,235 1,128,610 0.0357 0.0312 0.0315

MS Sep 0 482,689 281,966 1,043,624 0.0362 0.0312 0.0323

MS Sep 1 445,736 256,382 993,578 0.0335 0.0284 0.0308

MS Sep 2 428,348 244,301 975,792 0.0322 0.0270 0.0302

MS Sep 3 435,162 283,234 986,914 0.0327 0.0314 0.0306

MS Sep 4 504,198 272,583 1,064,745 0.0379 0.0302 0.0330

MS Sep 5 515,957 309,119 1,170,081 0.0387 0.0342 0.0363

MS Sep 6 530,668 316,791 1,201,358 0.0398 0.0351 0.0372

MS Sep 7 575,287 340,452 1,254,581 0.0432 0.0377 0.0389

MS Sep 8 585,787 366,390 1,327,534 0.0440 0.0406 0.0411

MS Sep 9 607,119 390,951 1,399,564 0.0456 0.0433 0.0434

MS Sep 10 603,621 419,081 1,480,585 0.0453 0.0464 0.0459

MS Sep 11 585,894 438,565 1,538,719 0.0440 0.0485 0.0477

MS Sep 12 597,948 456,406 1,579,728 0.0449 0.0505 0.0490

MS Sep 13 592,172 468,633 1,611,365 0.0445 0.0519 0.0499

MS Sep 14 594,184 474,728 1,632,628 0.0446 0.0526 0.0506

MS Sep 15 596,279 477,153 1,626,359 0.0448 0.0528 0.0504

MS Sep 16 595,741 463,914 1,596,336 0.0447 0.0514 0.0495

MS Sep 17 587,489 443,603 1,549,374 0.0441 0.0491 0.0480

MS Sep 18 592,914 438,949 1,552,705 0.0445 0.0486 0.0481

MS Sep 19 594,008 430,245 1,533,455 0.0446 0.0476 0.0475

MS Sep 20 599,159 404,017 1,457,581 0.0450 0.0447 0.0452

MS Sep 21 578,140 382,545 1,348,572 0.0434 0.0423 0.0418

MS Sep 22 560,123 352,725 1,216,799 0.0421 0.0390 0.0377

MS Sep 23 529,509 320,788 1,122,099 0.0398 0.0355 0.0348

MS Oct 0 565,288 243,633 834,105 0.0362 0.0306 0.0343

MS Oct 1 535,302 229,086 803,940 0.0343 0.0287 0.0331

MS Oct 2 522,671 218,960 788,851 0.0335 0.0275 0.0324

MS Oct 3 529,653 229,990 800,166 0.0339 0.0289 0.0329

MS Oct 4 583,011 260,379 860,499 0.0374 0.0327 0.0354

MS Oct 5 629,052 304,118 939,223 0.0403 0.0382 0.0386

MS Oct 6 652,760 323,868 977,237 0.0418 0.0406 0.0402

MS Oct 7 679,279 339,666 1,006,683 0.0435 0.0426 0.0414

MS Oct 8 681,417 352,752 1,033,371 0.0437 0.0443 0.0425

MS Oct 9 683,547 362,346 1,059,491 0.0438 0.0455 0.0436

D-26

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 73 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix D

Actual 2002 State Level Monthly-Diurnal Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Hour [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Actual Reported Values [2002]

Calculated Ratios

MS Oct 10 682,487 374,889 1,096,290 0.0437 0.0470 0.0451

MS Oct 11 687,037 377,064 1,111,744 0.0440 0.0473 0.0457

MS Oct 12 679,613 380,131 1,122,029 0.0435 0.0477 0.0461

MS Oct 13 676,460 381,240 1,126,078 0.0433 0.0478 0.0463

MS Oct 14 682,114 387,409 1,139,635 0.0437 0.0486 0.0469

MS Oct 15 687,412 386,942 1,142,886 0.0440 0.0485 0.0470

MS Oct 16 698,644 381,009 1,136,132 0.0448 0.0478 0.0467

MS Oct 17 702,784 385,270 1,141,571 0.0450 0.0483 0.0469

MS Oct 18 711,740 393,016 1,148,316 0.0456 0.0493 0.0472

MS Oct 19 700,116 379,092 1,114,584 0.0449 0.0476 0.0458

MS Oct 20 700,266 360,465 1,078,800 0.0449 0.0452 0.0444

MS Oct 21 686,503 341,372 1,029,868 0.0440 0.0428 0.0423

MS Oct 22 648,327 307,205 949,460 0.0415 0.0385 0.0390

MS Oct 23 601,351 270,693 879,834 0.0385 0.0340 0.0362

MS Nov 0 400,696 193,241 734,380 0.0332 0.0310 0.0359

MS Nov 1 373,946 176,574 705,147 0.0310 0.0283 0.0345

MS Nov 2 367,834 173,773 699,903 0.0305 0.0279 0.0342

MS Nov 3 369,863 176,852 701,041 0.0307 0.0284 0.0343

MS Nov 4 414,161 187,139 725,637 0.0344 0.0300 0.0355

MS Nov 5 454,879 224,615 806,127 0.0377 0.0360 0.0394

MS Nov 6 508,757 269,805 881,643 0.0422 0.0433 0.0431

MS Nov 7 538,661 295,334 911,553 0.0447 0.0474 0.0446

MS Nov 8 558,581 294,868 918,995 0.0463 0.0473 0.0449

MS Nov 9 554,742 293,716 913,857 0.0460 0.0471 0.0447

MS Nov 10 551,136 286,727 905,875 0.0457 0.0460 0.0443

MS Nov 11 557,048 277,518 888,002 0.0462 0.0445 0.0434

MS Nov 12 532,534 273,491 880,710 0.0442 0.0439 0.0431

MS Nov 13 518,395 267,818 867,677 0.0430 0.0430 0.0424

MS Nov 14 510,686 264,270 858,778 0.0424 0.0424 0.0420

MS Nov 15 505,459 262,016 853,820 0.0419 0.0420 0.0417

MS Nov 16 519,638 273,591 877,629 0.0431 0.0439 0.0429

MS Nov 17 560,499 309,237 934,759 0.0465 0.0496 0.0457

MS Nov 18 568,506 320,622 946,437 0.0472 0.0515 0.0463

MS Nov 19 569,521 310,905 933,636 0.0472 0.0499 0.0456

MS Nov 20 571,807 306,361 930,840 0.0474 0.0492 0.0455

MS Nov 21 563,862 296,086 912,102 0.0468 0.0475 0.0446

MS Nov 22 525,369 271,591 870,135 0.0436 0.0436 0.0425

MS Nov 23 458,981 225,544 798,006 0.0381 0.0362 0.0390

MS Dec 0 476,147 237,179 822,181 0.0354 0.0321 0.0360

MS Dec 1 451,792 218,043 793,981 0.0335 0.0295 0.0347

MS Dec 2 445,967 214,157 791,509 0.0331 0.0290 0.0346

MS Dec 3 456,261 236,967 804,468 0.0339 0.0320 0.0352

MS Dec 4 504,954 240,382 845,365 0.0375 0.0325 0.0370

MS Dec 5 529,892 277,311 922,914 0.0393 0.0375 0.0404

MS Dec 6 582,038 324,463 1,007,153 0.0432 0.0439 0.0441

MS Dec 7 614,010 354,025 1,038,332 0.0456 0.0479 0.0454

MS Dec 8 619,411 360,044 1,044,873 0.0460 0.0487 0.0457

MS Dec 9 623,495 352,069 1,031,891 0.0463 0.0476 0.0452

MS Dec 10 620,949 341,455 1,015,725 0.0461 0.0462 0.0444

MS Dec 11 608,450 329,084 994,310 0.0452 0.0445 0.0435

MS Dec 12 570,890 309,824 962,797 0.0424 0.0419 0.0421

MS Dec 13 540,947 288,800 928,195 0.0402 0.0390 0.0406

MS Dec 14 527,041 278,854 906,371 0.0391 0.0377 0.0397

D-27

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 74 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix D

Actual 2002 State Level Monthly-Diurnal Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Hour [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Actual Reported Values [2002]

Calculated Ratios

MS Dec 15 521,029 275,687 903,094 0.0387 0.0373 0.0395

MS Dec 16 553,791 298,249 946,805 0.0411 0.0403 0.0414

MS Dec 17 610,161 359,840 1,045,532 0.0453 0.0487 0.0458

MS Dec 18 628,087 388,120 1,072,393 0.0466 0.0525 0.0469

MS Dec 19 624,442 380,566 1,059,697 0.0464 0.0515 0.0464

MS Dec 20 627,989 375,875 1,055,467 0.0466 0.0508 0.0462

MS Dec 21 626,583 363,339 1,034,920 0.0465 0.0491 0.0453

MS Dec 22 587,229 322,351 954,040 0.0436 0.0436 0.0417

MS Dec 23 517,373 269,794 869,671 0.0384 0.0365 0.0381

NC Jan 0 2,630,975 859,723 1,955,963 0.0350 0.0346 0.0350

NC Jan 1 2,562,449 831,570 1,905,915 0.0341 0.0335 0.0341

NC Jan 2 2,564,877 838,395 1,907,095 0.0341 0.0337 0.0341

NC Jan 3 2,616,016 859,202 1,941,224 0.0348 0.0346 0.0347

NC Jan 4 2,720,291 898,273 2,018,727 0.0362 0.0361 0.0361

NC Jan 5 2,919,313 970,045 2,180,723 0.0389 0.0390 0.0390

NC Jan 6 3,294,821 1,102,686 2,471,242 0.0439 0.0444 0.0442

NC Jan 7 3,590,076 1,211,876 2,696,514 0.0478 0.0488 0.0482

NC Jan 8 3,627,979 1,217,893 2,715,407 0.0483 0.0490 0.0486

NC Jan 9 3,624,291 1,207,443 2,703,260 0.0482 0.0486 0.0484

NC Jan 10 3,518,422 1,166,785 2,612,241 0.0468 0.0469 0.0467

NC Jan 11 3,362,694 1,108,944 2,491,667 0.0448 0.0446 0.0446

NC Jan 12 3,193,991 1,047,245 2,365,831 0.0425 0.0421 0.0423

NC Jan 13 3,074,947 1,005,676 2,285,065 0.0409 0.0405 0.0409

NC Jan 14 2,925,281 952,644 2,179,694 0.0389 0.0383 0.0390

NC Jan 15 2,853,359 931,251 2,125,468 0.0380 0.0375 0.0380

NC Jan 16 2,922,144 956,239 2,161,760 0.0389 0.0385 0.0387

NC Jan 17 3,193,499 1,056,706 2,368,659 0.0425 0.0425 0.0424

NC Jan 18 3,551,508 1,191,636 2,634,748 0.0473 0.0479 0.0471

NC Jan 19 3,567,174 1,191,243 2,650,007 0.0475 0.0479 0.0474

NC Jan 20 3,512,057 1,169,749 2,609,983 0.0467 0.0471 0.0467

NC Jan 21 3,374,034 1,121,922 2,506,410 0.0449 0.0451 0.0448

NC Jan 22 3,130,889 1,037,328 2,323,144 0.0417 0.0417 0.0416

NC Jan 23 2,805,267 923,873 2,088,930 0.0373 0.0372 0.0374

NC Feb 0 2,243,689 737,358 1,705,321 0.0358 0.0350 0.0355

NC Feb 1 2,188,134 720,208 1,666,712 0.0349 0.0342 0.0347

NC Feb 2 2,194,916 723,781 1,671,053 0.0350 0.0344 0.0348

NC Feb 3 2,227,515 734,823 1,695,737 0.0356 0.0349 0.0353

NC Feb 4 2,323,093 770,376 1,775,542 0.0371 0.0366 0.0369

NC Feb 5 2,510,043 843,255 1,935,605 0.0401 0.0401 0.0403

NC Feb 6 2,829,576 969,740 2,208,607 0.0452 0.0461 0.0460

NC Feb 7 3,019,976 1,040,026 2,363,842 0.0482 0.0494 0.0492

NC Feb 8 3,019,940 1,035,102 2,354,654 0.0482 0.0492 0.0490

NC Feb 9 3,002,148 1,022,495 2,317,789 0.0479 0.0486 0.0482

NC Feb 10 2,937,533 991,673 2,247,044 0.0469 0.0471 0.0468

NC Feb 11 2,754,524 916,134 2,097,798 0.0440 0.0435 0.0436

NC Feb 12 2,597,462 858,523 1,971,450 0.0415 0.0408 0.0410

NC Feb 13 2,491,984 829,814 1,899,637 0.0398 0.0394 0.0395

NC Feb 14 2,370,849 785,262 1,813,470 0.0379 0.0373 0.0377

NC Feb 15 2,301,743 760,176 1,767,680 0.0368 0.0361 0.0368

NC Feb 16 2,320,623 768,492 1,784,228 0.0371 0.0365 0.0371

NC Feb 17 2,456,740 822,213 1,887,638 0.0392 0.0391 0.0393

NC Feb 18 2,828,704 963,052 2,172,877 0.0452 0.0458 0.0452

NC Feb 19 2,975,097 1,020,124 2,286,492 0.0475 0.0485 0.0476

D-28

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 75 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix D

Actual 2002 State Level Monthly-Diurnal Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Hour [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Actual Reported Values [2002]

Calculated Ratios

NC Feb 20 2,968,979 1,012,751 2,277,715 0.0474 0.0481 0.0474

NC Feb 21 2,883,352 983,654 2,208,226 0.0460 0.0467 0.0459

NC Feb 22 2,705,714 915,621 2,066,252 0.0432 0.0435 0.0430

NC Feb 23 2,473,241 824,767 1,885,384 0.0395 0.0392 0.0392

NC Mar 0 2,725,806 904,880 2,064,139 0.0356 0.0350 0.0353

NC Mar 1 2,634,486 876,776 1,996,882 0.0344 0.0339 0.0341

NC Mar 2 2,589,581 869,204 1,967,840 0.0338 0.0336 0.0336

NC Mar 3 2,589,626 876,922 1,979,959 0.0338 0.0339 0.0338

NC Mar 4 2,665,398 906,525 2,048,489 0.0348 0.0350 0.0350

NC Mar 5 2,859,675 980,235 2,219,850 0.0374 0.0379 0.0379

NC Mar 6 3,158,503 1,091,413 2,474,309 0.0413 0.0422 0.0423

NC Mar 7 3,353,397 1,149,547 2,637,616 0.0438 0.0444 0.0451

NC Mar 8 3,452,820 1,174,830 2,726,724 0.0451 0.0454 0.0466

NC Mar 9 3,515,809 1,198,162 2,756,759 0.0460 0.0463 0.0471

NC Mar 10 3,489,088 1,187,487 2,696,651 0.0456 0.0459 0.0461

NC Mar 11 3,432,315 1,163,359 2,616,274 0.0449 0.0450 0.0447

NC Mar 12 3,372,629 1,139,592 2,556,665 0.0441 0.0440 0.0437

NC Mar 13 3,334,536 1,127,854 2,521,645 0.0436 0.0436 0.0431

NC Mar 14 3,277,864 1,107,537 2,475,694 0.0428 0.0428 0.0423

NC Mar 15 3,234,822 1,090,435 2,435,233 0.0423 0.0421 0.0416

NC Mar 16 3,229,493 1,087,890 2,428,141 0.0422 0.0421 0.0415

NC Mar 17 3,282,167 1,110,123 2,468,275 0.0429 0.0429 0.0422

NC Mar 18 3,447,637 1,165,469 2,610,195 0.0451 0.0450 0.0446

NC Mar 19 3,625,821 1,225,601 2,763,594 0.0474 0.0474 0.0472

NC Mar 20 3,581,085 1,210,100 2,745,960 0.0468 0.0468 0.0469

NC Mar 21 3,481,781 1,171,116 2,648,182 0.0455 0.0453 0.0452

NC Mar 22 3,259,210 1,087,920 2,473,492 0.0426 0.0421 0.0423

NC Mar 23 2,916,834 968,238 2,216,783 0.0381 0.0374 0.0379

NC Apr 0 2,100,618 675,853 1,639,262 0.0325 0.0323 0.0320

NC Apr 1 1,975,823 636,031 1,548,301 0.0306 0.0304 0.0302

NC Apr 2 1,914,434 623,313 1,506,496 0.0297 0.0298 0.0294

NC Apr 3 1,925,010 626,285 1,515,239 0.0298 0.0300 0.0296

NC Apr 4 2,093,958 681,925 1,648,485 0.0324 0.0326 0.0322

NC Apr 5 2,429,882 785,950 1,904,016 0.0376 0.0376 0.0372

NC Apr 6 2,661,185 857,123 2,076,864 0.0412 0.0410 0.0405

NC Apr 7 2,812,670 899,495 2,187,267 0.0436 0.0430 0.0427

NC Apr 8 2,908,089 926,797 2,258,984 0.0451 0.0444 0.0441

NC Apr 9 2,939,854 945,176 2,299,896 0.0455 0.0452 0.0449

NC Apr 10 2,981,835 965,708 2,356,874 0.0462 0.0462 0.0460

NC Apr 11 2,991,441 972,217 2,389,992 0.0463 0.0465 0.0466

NC Apr 12 3,011,115 982,571 2,428,632 0.0467 0.0470 0.0474

NC Apr 13 3,001,891 978,498 2,441,745 0.0465 0.0468 0.0476

NC Apr 14 2,996,159 978,737 2,439,053 0.0464 0.0468 0.0476

NC Apr 15 2,996,410 982,248 2,440,123 0.0464 0.0470 0.0476

NC Apr 16 2,975,435 974,714 2,421,676 0.0461 0.0466 0.0473

NC Apr 17 2,952,541 966,745 2,397,870 0.0457 0.0463 0.0468

NC Apr 18 2,936,462 951,709 2,373,795 0.0455 0.0455 0.0463

NC Apr 19 3,059,548 994,109 2,451,840 0.0474 0.0476 0.0478

NC Apr 20 3,057,268 987,583 2,425,891 0.0474 0.0473 0.0473

NC Apr 21 2,900,727 931,579 2,274,873 0.0449 0.0446 0.0444

NC Apr 22 2,599,540 833,083 2,021,591 0.0403 0.0399 0.0394

NC Apr 23 2,322,114 738,642 1,799,924 0.0360 0.0353 0.0351

NC May 0 2,065,925 562,250 1,529,727 0.0311 0.0295 0.0303

D-29

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 76 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix D

Actual 2002 State Level Monthly-Diurnal Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Hour [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Actual Reported Values [2002]

Calculated Ratios

NC May 1 1,942,880 529,629 1,440,259 0.0293 0.0278 0.0286

NC May 2 1,874,541 512,022 1,394,864 0.0282 0.0269 0.0277

NC May 3 1,876,529 516,720 1,403,648 0.0283 0.0271 0.0278

NC May 4 2,033,834 569,058 1,526,099 0.0306 0.0299 0.0303

NC May 5 2,331,128 665,142 1,746,123 0.0351 0.0349 0.0346

NC May 6 2,601,795 743,433 1,943,820 0.0392 0.0390 0.0386

NC May 7 2,723,097 780,487 2,035,283 0.0410 0.0409 0.0404

NC May 8 2,890,108 833,200 2,168,760 0.0436 0.0437 0.0430

NC May 9 3,015,858 873,553 2,275,028 0.0454 0.0458 0.0451

NC May 10 3,099,776 903,719 2,352,058 0.0467 0.0474 0.0467

NC May 11 3,155,782 929,798 2,414,664 0.0476 0.0488 0.0479

NC May 12 3,220,459 954,022 2,489,769 0.0485 0.0501 0.0494

NC May 13 3,225,509 957,339 2,512,222 0.0486 0.0502 0.0498

NC May 14 3,227,364 958,813 2,522,483 0.0486 0.0503 0.0500

NC May 15 3,255,755 963,573 2,536,475 0.0491 0.0506 0.0503

NC May 16 3,262,086 956,245 2,534,920 0.0492 0.0502 0.0503

NC May 17 3,223,841 933,698 2,496,255 0.0486 0.0490 0.0495

NC May 18 3,135,372 900,144 2,415,281 0.0472 0.0472 0.0479

NC May 19 3,151,605 908,334 2,416,369 0.0475 0.0477 0.0479

NC May 20 3,186,474 913,399 2,408,969 0.0480 0.0479 0.0478

NC May 21 2,981,839 846,832 2,219,083 0.0449 0.0444 0.0440

NC May 22 2,577,084 718,668 1,912,726 0.0388 0.0377 0.0379

NC May 23 2,304,233 630,612 1,710,740 0.0347 0.0331 0.0339

NC Jun 0 2,698,752 744,271 2,043,707 0.0318 0.0301 0.0309

NC Jun 1 2,479,228 667,633 1,881,847 0.0292 0.0270 0.0285

NC Jun 2 2,323,403 617,724 1,770,006 0.0274 0.0250 0.0268

NC Jun 3 2,277,608 607,874 1,737,010 0.0268 0.0246 0.0263

NC Jun 4 2,387,746 643,693 1,813,473 0.0281 0.0261 0.0274

NC Jun 5 2,573,317 709,718 1,948,011 0.0303 0.0287 0.0295

NC Jun 6 2,838,747 793,658 2,134,912 0.0334 0.0321 0.0323

NC Jun 7 3,166,072 892,709 2,373,823 0.0373 0.0361 0.0359

NC Jun 8 3,524,626 1,007,912 2,641,944 0.0415 0.0408 0.0400

NC Jun 9 3,843,069 1,123,200 2,904,535 0.0453 0.0455 0.0440

NC Jun 10 4,043,416 1,198,420 3,104,571 0.0476 0.0485 0.0470

NC Jun 11 4,192,670 1,256,435 3,262,160 0.0494 0.0509 0.0494

NC Jun 12 4,258,502 1,278,050 3,373,191 0.0502 0.0517 0.0511

NC Jun 13 4,289,051 1,290,971 3,453,047 0.0505 0.0523 0.0523

NC Jun 14 4,321,317 1,305,932 3,504,898 0.0509 0.0529 0.0531

NC Jun 15 4,349,451 1,313,942 3,524,878 0.0512 0.0532 0.0534

NC Jun 16 4,341,649 1,311,642 3,510,840 0.0512 0.0531 0.0531

NC Jun 17 4,304,106 1,291,874 3,467,981 0.0507 0.0523 0.0525

NC Jun 18 4,175,661 1,237,434 3,336,184 0.0492 0.0501 0.0505

NC Jun 19 4,056,076 1,198,189 3,201,002 0.0478 0.0485 0.0485

NC Jun 20 4,064,283 1,205,448 3,172,571 0.0479 0.0488 0.0480

NC Jun 21 3,832,571 1,129,651 2,951,417 0.0452 0.0457 0.0447

NC Jun 22 3,463,424 1,007,586 2,635,046 0.0408 0.0408 0.0399

NC Jun 23 3,067,572 870,502 2,317,749 0.0361 0.0352 0.0351

NC Jul 0 3,354,173 921,685 2,530,425 0.0345 0.0333 0.0324

NC Jul 1 3,102,787 854,676 2,351,750 0.0319 0.0309 0.0301

NC Jul 2 2,911,773 802,741 2,215,003 0.0299 0.0290 0.0284

NC Jul 3 2,825,326 780,292 2,152,351 0.0290 0.0282 0.0276

NC Jul 4 2,907,343 814,431 2,214,240 0.0299 0.0294 0.0284

NC Jul 5 3,128,868 880,781 2,379,883 0.0322 0.0318 0.0305

D-30

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 77 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix D

Actual 2002 State Level Monthly-Diurnal Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Hour [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Actual Reported Values [2002]

Calculated Ratios

NC Jul 6 3,364,298 932,557 2,556,208 0.0346 0.0337 0.0327

NC Jul 7 3,727,524 1,033,747 2,842,468 0.0383 0.0374 0.0364

NC Jul 8 4,083,493 1,137,915 3,140,889 0.0420 0.0411 0.0402

NC Jul 9 4,380,317 1,234,238 3,405,321 0.0450 0.0446 0.0436

NC Jul 10 4,570,924 1,300,164 3,598,940 0.0470 0.0470 0.0461

NC Jul 11 4,666,649 1,338,728 3,767,945 0.0480 0.0484 0.0483

NC Jul 12 4,717,837 1,369,012 3,906,870 0.0485 0.0495 0.0500

NC Jul 13 4,730,905 1,384,309 4,007,760 0.0486 0.0500 0.0513

NC Jul 14 4,739,704 1,389,410 4,057,834 0.0487 0.0502 0.0520

NC Jul 15 4,742,237 1,396,672 4,071,903 0.0488 0.0505 0.0521

NC Jul 16 4,731,546 1,388,003 4,056,107 0.0486 0.0502 0.0519

NC Jul 17 4,705,403 1,376,275 4,011,432 0.0484 0.0497 0.0514

NC Jul 18 4,599,800 1,327,134 3,874,506 0.0473 0.0480 0.0496

NC Jul 19 4,539,753 1,297,041 3,759,845 0.0467 0.0469 0.0482

NC Jul 20 4,506,297 1,291,594 3,683,093 0.0463 0.0467 0.0472

NC Jul 21 4,373,391 1,238,584 3,488,460 0.0450 0.0448 0.0447

NC Jul 22 4,124,519 1,150,002 3,189,787 0.0424 0.0416 0.0408

NC Jul 23 3,739,934 1,028,356 2,823,010 0.0384 0.0372 0.0362

NC Aug 0 3,147,274 820,311 2,369,555 0.0344 0.0320 0.0322

NC Aug 1 2,939,408 758,945 2,222,246 0.0321 0.0296 0.0302

NC Aug 2 2,778,657 716,182 2,106,431 0.0304 0.0279 0.0287

NC Aug 3 2,714,267 702,973 2,062,647 0.0297 0.0274 0.0281

NC Aug 4 2,809,982 738,251 2,138,949 0.0307 0.0288 0.0291

NC Aug 5 3,106,915 821,031 2,364,730 0.0339 0.0320 0.0322

NC Aug 6 3,271,595 868,994 2,488,143 0.0357 0.0338 0.0338

NC Aug 7 3,520,512 951,753 2,682,675 0.0385 0.0371 0.0365

NC Aug 8 3,832,243 1,058,899 2,947,079 0.0419 0.0412 0.0401

NC Aug 9 4,044,942 1,136,586 3,170,537 0.0442 0.0443 0.0431

NC Aug 10 4,236,026 1,210,737 3,383,136 0.0463 0.0472 0.0460

NC Aug 11 4,374,045 1,265,673 3,583,654 0.0478 0.0493 0.0487

NC Aug 12 4,448,054 1,306,663 3,732,151 0.0486 0.0509 0.0508

NC Aug 13 4,463,954 1,316,993 3,801,307 0.0488 0.0513 0.0517

NC Aug 14 4,466,890 1,324,169 3,826,912 0.0488 0.0516 0.0521

NC Aug 15 4,474,224 1,330,615 3,838,517 0.0489 0.0518 0.0522

NC Aug 16 4,480,697 1,330,857 3,833,061 0.0490 0.0518 0.0521

NC Aug 17 4,464,415 1,317,485 3,798,214 0.0488 0.0513 0.0517

NC Aug 18 4,368,273 1,262,744 3,657,788 0.0477 0.0492 0.0498

NC Aug 19 4,299,971 1,233,117 3,569,848 0.0470 0.0480 0.0486

NC Aug 20 4,242,454 1,203,933 3,464,344 0.0464 0.0469 0.0471

NC Aug 21 4,010,663 1,115,907 3,162,517 0.0438 0.0435 0.0430

NC Aug 22 3,678,946 996,483 2,804,548 0.0402 0.0388 0.0381

NC Aug 23 3,345,819 883,969 2,512,733 0.0366 0.0344 0.0342

NC Sep 0 2,594,163 751,815 2,013,200 0.0304 0.0301 0.0302

NC Sep 1 2,425,818 708,706 1,894,572 0.0285 0.0283 0.0284

NC Sep 2 2,320,656 677,824 1,816,379 0.0272 0.0271 0.0272

NC Sep 3 2,292,901 670,975 1,796,988 0.0269 0.0268 0.0269

NC Sep 4 2,464,312 720,190 1,924,097 0.0289 0.0288 0.0288

NC Sep 5 2,876,553 852,274 2,226,771 0.0337 0.0341 0.0334

NC Sep 6 3,213,128 941,390 2,470,322 0.0377 0.0376 0.0370

NC Sep 7 3,400,320 993,645 2,607,715 0.0399 0.0397 0.0391

NC Sep 8 3,637,976 1,062,104 2,793,098 0.0427 0.0425 0.0418

NC Sep 9 3,861,830 1,127,816 2,971,071 0.0453 0.0451 0.0445

NC Sep 10 4,036,881 1,186,609 3,135,700 0.0474 0.0474 0.0470

D-31

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 78 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix D

Actual 2002 State Level Monthly-Diurnal Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Hour [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Actual Reported Values [2002]

Calculated Ratios

NC Sep 11 4,130,342 1,220,631 3,234,052 0.0484 0.0488 0.0485

NC Sep 12 4,199,576 1,251,593 3,323,592 0.0493 0.0500 0.0498

NC Sep 13 4,224,482 1,261,381 3,372,396 0.0496 0.0504 0.0505

NC Sep 14 4,231,071 1,259,360 3,385,954 0.0496 0.0504 0.0507

NC Sep 15 4,242,472 1,264,312 3,402,050 0.0498 0.0505 0.0510

NC Sep 16 4,244,232 1,264,242 3,391,946 0.0498 0.0505 0.0508

NC Sep 17 4,226,775 1,248,945 3,359,088 0.0496 0.0499 0.0503

NC Sep 18 4,208,856 1,232,865 3,330,576 0.0494 0.0493 0.0499

NC Sep 19 4,225,962 1,238,465 3,338,028 0.0496 0.0495 0.0500

NC Sep 20 4,094,679 1,183,723 3,191,573 0.0480 0.0473 0.0478

NC Sep 21 3,815,098 1,090,161 2,934,209 0.0447 0.0436 0.0440

NC Sep 22 3,343,293 951,941 2,565,452 0.0392 0.0381 0.0384

NC Sep 23 2,943,063 850,713 2,267,230 0.0345 0.0340 0.0340

NC Oct 0 2,424,400 812,600 1,926,201 0.0319 0.0316 0.0316

NC Oct 1 2,285,677 772,232 1,823,035 0.0301 0.0300 0.0299

NC Oct 2 2,220,651 756,793 1,776,132 0.0292 0.0294 0.0292

NC Oct 3 2,243,688 767,340 1,795,867 0.0295 0.0298 0.0295

NC Oct 4 2,450,879 845,015 1,956,573 0.0323 0.0329 0.0321

NC Oct 5 2,859,392 977,580 2,263,350 0.0376 0.0380 0.0372

NC Oct 6 3,217,818 1,085,582 2,540,167 0.0424 0.0422 0.0417

NC Oct 7 3,307,214 1,105,589 2,607,134 0.0435 0.0430 0.0428

NC Oct 8 3,428,397 1,152,865 2,706,103 0.0451 0.0448 0.0444

NC Oct 9 3,491,653 1,178,585 2,770,212 0.0460 0.0458 0.0455

NC Oct 10 3,517,217 1,192,605 2,811,151 0.0463 0.0464 0.0462

NC Oct 11 3,538,950 1,204,998 2,843,030 0.0466 0.0469 0.0467

NC Oct 12 3,529,712 1,200,971 2,855,779 0.0465 0.0467 0.0469

NC Oct 13 3,527,575 1,200,801 2,875,571 0.0464 0.0467 0.0472

NC Oct 14 3,525,571 1,199,032 2,881,917 0.0464 0.0466 0.0473

NC Oct 15 3,538,115 1,202,132 2,881,056 0.0466 0.0467 0.0473

NC Oct 16 3,553,556 1,212,512 2,890,076 0.0468 0.0472 0.0475

NC Oct 17 3,586,460 1,224,221 2,909,629 0.0472 0.0476 0.0478

NC Oct 18 3,663,611 1,253,981 2,972,033 0.0482 0.0488 0.0488

NC Oct 19 3,614,898 1,228,106 2,918,644 0.0476 0.0478 0.0479

NC Oct 20 3,513,638 1,183,174 2,811,865 0.0463 0.0460 0.0462

NC Oct 21 3,333,450 1,108,298 2,637,286 0.0439 0.0431 0.0433

NC Oct 22 2,956,146 975,213 2,338,054 0.0389 0.0379 0.0384

NC Oct 23 2,636,184 875,188 2,089,871 0.0347 0.0340 0.0343

NC Nov 0 2,547,217 879,719 2,011,827 0.0362 0.0360 0.0364

NC Nov 1 2,459,319 846,721 1,942,672 0.0350 0.0346 0.0352

NC Nov 2 2,433,618 843,768 1,921,253 0.0346 0.0345 0.0348

NC Nov 3 2,450,746 855,500 1,934,662 0.0348 0.0350 0.0350

NC Nov 4 2,567,117 900,472 2,028,517 0.0365 0.0368 0.0367

NC Nov 5 2,792,642 987,481 2,215,227 0.0397 0.0404 0.0401

NC Nov 6 3,069,432 1,077,264 2,433,311 0.0436 0.0440 0.0440

NC Nov 7 3,211,209 1,120,156 2,539,068 0.0457 0.0458 0.0459

NC Nov 8 3,243,790 1,116,948 2,541,021 0.0461 0.0456 0.0460

NC Nov 9 3,234,097 1,116,443 2,523,217 0.0460 0.0456 0.0457

NC Nov 10 3,188,140 1,105,415 2,484,544 0.0453 0.0452 0.0450

NC Nov 11 3,080,695 1,065,180 2,401,616 0.0438 0.0435 0.0435

NC Nov 12 2,949,281 1,023,692 2,302,453 0.0419 0.0418 0.0417

NC Nov 13 2,858,735 997,869 2,238,957 0.0406 0.0408 0.0405

NC Nov 14 2,788,593 969,690 2,185,558 0.0396 0.0396 0.0396

NC Nov 15 2,756,208 961,551 2,162,884 0.0392 0.0393 0.0391

D-32

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 79 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix D

Actual 2002 State Level Monthly-Diurnal Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Hour [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Actual Reported Values [2002]

Calculated Ratios

NC Nov 16 2,842,698 986,636 2,233,334 0.0404 0.0403 0.0404

NC Nov 17 3,113,777 1,094,330 2,440,223 0.0443 0.0447 0.0442

NC Nov 18 3,299,571 1,163,945 2,585,335 0.0469 0.0476 0.0468

NC Nov 19 3,281,261 1,143,162 2,573,396 0.0467 0.0467 0.0466

NC Nov 20 3,266,244 1,130,250 2,562,040 0.0464 0.0462 0.0464

NC Nov 21 3,181,852 1,105,473 2,499,861 0.0452 0.0452 0.0452

NC Nov 22 2,999,763 1,039,345 2,358,610 0.0426 0.0425 0.0427

NC Nov 23 2,719,459 938,347 2,139,422 0.0387 0.0383 0.0387

NC Dec 0 2,786,311 952,086 2,137,402 0.0369 0.0360 0.0366

NC Dec 1 2,688,299 918,583 2,066,058 0.0356 0.0348 0.0354

NC Dec 2 2,652,627 910,901 2,041,385 0.0351 0.0345 0.0350

NC Dec 3 2,681,579 924,596 2,064,035 0.0355 0.0350 0.0353

NC Dec 4 2,793,097 973,712 2,151,528 0.0370 0.0368 0.0368

NC Dec 5 2,978,587 1,039,056 2,299,246 0.0394 0.0393 0.0394

NC Dec 6 3,255,765 1,138,815 2,527,471 0.0431 0.0431 0.0433

NC Dec 7 3,468,637 1,222,783 2,697,743 0.0459 0.0463 0.0462

NC Dec 8 3,528,746 1,244,532 2,735,466 0.0467 0.0471 0.0468

NC Dec 9 3,499,852 1,231,070 2,705,546 0.0463 0.0466 0.0463

NC Dec 10 3,402,765 1,194,282 2,627,210 0.0450 0.0452 0.0450

NC Dec 11 3,273,673 1,144,185 2,526,301 0.0433 0.0433 0.0433

NC Dec 12 3,116,777 1,085,434 2,401,454 0.0412 0.0411 0.0411

NC Dec 13 2,996,242 1,044,492 2,311,719 0.0396 0.0395 0.0396

NC Dec 14 2,905,118 1,018,633 2,243,181 0.0384 0.0385 0.0384

NC Dec 15 2,862,458 1,005,003 2,213,736 0.0379 0.0380 0.0379

NC Dec 16 2,998,333 1,041,875 2,319,069 0.0397 0.0394 0.0397

NC Dec 17 3,345,572 1,177,991 2,596,998 0.0443 0.0446 0.0445

NC Dec 18 3,540,109 1,274,586 2,749,103 0.0468 0.0482 0.0471

NC Dec 19 3,530,539 1,245,967 2,739,450 0.0467 0.0471 0.0469

NC Dec 20 3,508,778 1,235,613 2,725,026 0.0464 0.0467 0.0467

NC Dec 21 3,456,701 1,218,913 2,673,450 0.0457 0.0461 0.0458

NC Dec 22 3,313,726 1,158,670 2,550,455 0.0438 0.0438 0.0437

NC Dec 23 3,000,663 1,031,342 2,305,464 0.0397 0.0390 0.0395

SC Jan 0 1,194,843 480,648 1,247,487 0.0384 0.0386 0.0389

SC Jan 1 1,181,062 468,835 1,223,955 0.0380 0.0377 0.0382

SC Jan 2 1,178,324 465,076 1,215,074 0.0379 0.0374 0.0379

SC Jan 3 1,185,185 465,533 1,218,379 0.0381 0.0374 0.0380

SC Jan 4 1,203,617 473,274 1,235,149 0.0387 0.0380 0.0385

SC Jan 5 1,244,456 491,415 1,270,561 0.0400 0.0395 0.0396

SC Jan 6 1,345,325 534,230 1,358,260 0.0433 0.0429 0.0424

SC Jan 7 1,417,318 570,794 1,441,179 0.0456 0.0459 0.0449

SC Jan 8 1,416,853 576,272 1,455,985 0.0456 0.0463 0.0454

SC Jan 9 1,415,176 572,561 1,446,396 0.0455 0.0460 0.0451

SC Jan 10 1,397,177 570,131 1,436,696 0.0450 0.0458 0.0448

SC Jan 11 1,360,857 555,144 1,405,593 0.0438 0.0446 0.0438

SC Jan 12 1,301,336 525,161 1,352,206 0.0419 0.0422 0.0422

SC Jan 13 1,250,536 498,742 1,308,808 0.0402 0.0401 0.0408

SC Jan 14 1,223,591 483,833 1,281,905 0.0394 0.0389 0.0400

SC Jan 15 1,207,238 471,171 1,257,847 0.0388 0.0379 0.0392

SC Jan 16 1,219,228 474,017 1,265,489 0.0392 0.0381 0.0395

SC Jan 17 1,277,592 499,120 1,316,601 0.0411 0.0401 0.0411

SC Jan 18 1,386,046 555,815 1,414,662 0.0446 0.0447 0.0441

SC Jan 19 1,395,284 566,893 1,429,707 0.0449 0.0455 0.0446

SC Jan 20 1,388,573 564,996 1,426,484 0.0447 0.0454 0.0445

D-33

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 80 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix D

Actual 2002 State Level Monthly-Diurnal Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Hour [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Actual Reported Values [2002]

Calculated Ratios

SC Jan 21 1,353,844 553,482 1,405,199 0.0436 0.0445 0.0438

SC Jan 22 1,301,954 530,961 1,362,865 0.0419 0.0427 0.0425

SC Jan 23 1,236,633 499,336 1,294,592 0.0398 0.0401 0.0404

SC Feb 0 1,041,655 453,992 1,137,929 0.0377 0.0378 0.0387

SC Feb 1 1,023,879 441,068 1,114,670 0.0371 0.0367 0.0379

SC Feb 2 1,025,675 442,264 1,115,322 0.0371 0.0368 0.0380

SC Feb 3 1,041,433 448,073 1,123,781 0.0377 0.0373 0.0383

SC Feb 4 1,064,963 460,399 1,142,344 0.0386 0.0383 0.0389

SC Feb 5 1,113,818 481,647 1,189,091 0.0403 0.0401 0.0405

SC Feb 6 1,204,046 520,862 1,267,530 0.0436 0.0433 0.0432

SC Feb 7 1,269,465 556,447 1,338,662 0.0460 0.0463 0.0456

SC Feb 8 1,271,254 558,690 1,347,296 0.0460 0.0465 0.0459

SC Feb 9 1,261,215 551,623 1,325,078 0.0457 0.0459 0.0451

SC Feb 10 1,258,014 548,546 1,307,257 0.0456 0.0456 0.0445

SC Feb 11 1,213,058 533,420 1,273,502 0.0439 0.0444 0.0434

SC Feb 12 1,157,145 509,539 1,232,702 0.0419 0.0424 0.0420

SC Feb 13 1,115,616 489,378 1,196,676 0.0404 0.0407 0.0407

SC Feb 14 1,083,985 473,997 1,174,255 0.0393 0.0394 0.0400

SC Feb 15 1,069,355 465,111 1,159,918 0.0387 0.0387 0.0395

SC Feb 16 1,083,211 467,600 1,165,528 0.0392 0.0389 0.0397

SC Feb 17 1,113,435 482,842 1,193,396 0.0403 0.0402 0.0406

SC Feb 18 1,195,180 515,881 1,256,756 0.0433 0.0429 0.0428

SC Feb 19 1,237,637 538,211 1,291,252 0.0448 0.0448 0.0440

SC Feb 20 1,228,729 535,559 1,283,159 0.0445 0.0445 0.0437

SC Feb 21 1,220,471 532,359 1,276,459 0.0442 0.0443 0.0435

SC Feb 22 1,194,620 523,226 1,257,240 0.0433 0.0435 0.0428

SC Feb 23 1,128,305 491,626 1,202,526 0.0409 0.0409 0.0409

SC Mar 0 1,147,569 507,527 1,208,175 0.0373 0.0369 0.0379

SC Mar 1 1,110,411 488,536 1,170,163 0.0361 0.0355 0.0367

SC Mar 2 1,106,133 482,100 1,160,443 0.0359 0.0351 0.0364

SC Mar 3 1,117,730 484,035 1,164,246 0.0363 0.0352 0.0365

SC Mar 4 1,134,897 488,530 1,175,239 0.0369 0.0355 0.0368

SC Mar 5 1,177,436 506,209 1,223,198 0.0382 0.0368 0.0383

SC Mar 6 1,259,703 551,851 1,318,478 0.0409 0.0401 0.0413

SC Mar 7 1,331,476 588,096 1,389,787 0.0432 0.0428 0.0435

SC Mar 8 1,346,676 607,086 1,416,752 0.0437 0.0442 0.0444

SC Mar 9 1,363,068 610,741 1,424,503 0.0443 0.0444 0.0446

SC Mar 10 1,362,102 613,492 1,412,867 0.0442 0.0446 0.0443

SC Mar 11 1,348,072 608,769 1,397,146 0.0438 0.0443 0.0438

SC Mar 12 1,331,944 603,304 1,378,584 0.0433 0.0439 0.0432

SC Mar 13 1,324,281 598,146 1,363,276 0.0430 0.0435 0.0427

SC Mar 14 1,308,840 587,857 1,346,240 0.0425 0.0428 0.0422

SC Mar 15 1,299,894 581,352 1,334,578 0.0422 0.0423 0.0418

SC Mar 16 1,311,716 586,865 1,342,143 0.0426 0.0427 0.0420

SC Mar 17 1,327,170 594,508 1,355,504 0.0431 0.0432 0.0425

SC Mar 18 1,360,944 609,339 1,389,484 0.0442 0.0443 0.0435

SC Mar 19 1,403,774 632,070 1,434,512 0.0456 0.0460 0.0449

SC Mar 20 1,404,116 635,255 1,438,786 0.0456 0.0462 0.0451

SC Mar 21 1,378,675 627,017 1,419,091 0.0448 0.0456 0.0445

SC Mar 22 1,327,543 607,815 1,381,745 0.0431 0.0442 0.0433

SC Mar 23 1,201,867 548,195 1,274,399 0.0390 0.0399 0.0399

SC Apr 0 1,133,885 466,873 1,159,489 0.0368 0.0358 0.0364

SC Apr 1 1,098,489 445,533 1,126,493 0.0357 0.0341 0.0353

D-34

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 81 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix D

Actual 2002 State Level Monthly-Diurnal Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Hour [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Actual Reported Values [2002]

Calculated Ratios

SC Apr 2 1,074,450 434,469 1,105,970 0.0349 0.0333 0.0347

SC Apr 3 1,067,571 432,836 1,101,070 0.0347 0.0332 0.0345

SC Apr 4 1,094,306 440,836 1,117,672 0.0355 0.0338 0.0351

SC Apr 5 1,171,162 473,005 1,179,856 0.0380 0.0362 0.0370

SC Apr 6 1,258,502 523,651 1,267,925 0.0408 0.0401 0.0398

SC Apr 7 1,294,607 547,925 1,302,811 0.0420 0.0420 0.0409

SC Apr 8 1,328,850 566,276 1,332,824 0.0431 0.0434 0.0418

SC Apr 9 1,359,580 580,188 1,362,251 0.0441 0.0445 0.0427

SC Apr 10 1,371,543 583,066 1,386,790 0.0445 0.0447 0.0435

SC Apr 11 1,368,109 583,729 1,407,762 0.0444 0.0447 0.0442

SC Apr 12 1,374,089 588,721 1,424,583 0.0446 0.0451 0.0447

SC Apr 13 1,361,595 583,547 1,420,912 0.0442 0.0447 0.0446

SC Apr 14 1,367,002 588,115 1,443,671 0.0444 0.0451 0.0453

SC Apr 15 1,369,994 591,700 1,455,560 0.0445 0.0453 0.0457

SC Apr 16 1,379,249 593,261 1,463,247 0.0448 0.0455 0.0459

SC Apr 17 1,375,841 592,628 1,462,644 0.0447 0.0454 0.0459

SC Apr 18 1,362,699 588,327 1,449,990 0.0442 0.0451 0.0455

SC Apr 19 1,380,346 594,549 1,460,011 0.0448 0.0456 0.0458

SC Apr 20 1,384,434 598,346 1,458,963 0.0449 0.0458 0.0458

SC Apr 21 1,358,113 591,722 1,423,692 0.0441 0.0453 0.0447

SC Apr 22 1,282,401 557,662 1,334,871 0.0416 0.0427 0.0419

SC Apr 23 1,191,759 504,735 1,232,157 0.0387 0.0387 0.0386

SC May 0 1,228,688 516,553 1,383,850 0.0368 0.0355 0.0362

SC May 1 1,201,855 500,262 1,352,550 0.0360 0.0344 0.0354

SC May 2 1,185,694 491,051 1,336,057 0.0355 0.0338 0.0350

SC May 3 1,169,177 487,170 1,324,226 0.0350 0.0335 0.0346

SC May 4 1,189,532 495,280 1,341,690 0.0356 0.0341 0.0351

SC May 5 1,259,593 523,755 1,406,545 0.0377 0.0360 0.0368

SC May 6 1,333,625 569,197 1,491,985 0.0400 0.0391 0.0390

SC May 7 1,359,691 589,010 1,529,045 0.0407 0.0405 0.0400

SC May 8 1,406,248 612,485 1,576,795 0.0421 0.0421 0.0413

SC May 9 1,444,207 638,558 1,625,268 0.0433 0.0439 0.0425

SC May 10 1,462,974 653,634 1,672,791 0.0438 0.0450 0.0438

SC May 11 1,477,568 659,991 1,710,819 0.0443 0.0454 0.0448

SC May 12 1,490,383 665,928 1,737,149 0.0446 0.0458 0.0454

SC May 13 1,497,507 669,215 1,752,602 0.0449 0.0460 0.0459

SC May 14 1,503,844 671,032 1,763,879 0.0451 0.0461 0.0461

SC May 15 1,516,709 673,616 1,774,779 0.0454 0.0463 0.0464

SC May 16 1,523,324 674,286 1,778,700 0.0456 0.0464 0.0465

SC May 17 1,515,986 671,958 1,772,017 0.0454 0.0462 0.0464

SC May 18 1,493,820 660,267 1,748,196 0.0448 0.0454 0.0457

SC May 19 1,484,653 652,972 1,733,108 0.0445 0.0449 0.0453

SC May 20 1,503,697 661,029 1,732,271 0.0450 0.0455 0.0453

SC May 21 1,471,313 651,703 1,672,660 0.0441 0.0448 0.0438

SC May 22 1,373,862 602,536 1,553,626 0.0412 0.0414 0.0406

SC May 23 1,285,784 549,346 1,453,778 0.0385 0.0378 0.0380

SC Jun 0 1,317,160 534,747 1,418,600 0.0361 0.0350 0.0347

SC Jun 1 1,254,115 504,239 1,360,666 0.0344 0.0330 0.0333

SC Jun 2 1,218,081 490,965 1,327,523 0.0334 0.0321 0.0325

SC Jun 3 1,196,077 481,911 1,308,651 0.0328 0.0315 0.0320

SC Jun 4 1,201,291 483,865 1,307,341 0.0330 0.0316 0.0320

SC Jun 5 1,244,751 500,138 1,339,899 0.0341 0.0327 0.0328

SC Jun 6 1,313,605 529,260 1,394,558 0.0360 0.0346 0.0341

D-35

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 82 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix D

Actual 2002 State Level Monthly-Diurnal Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Hour [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Actual Reported Values [2002]

Calculated Ratios

SC Jun 7 1,388,136 570,681 1,480,296 0.0381 0.0373 0.0362

SC Jun 8 1,513,695 627,740 1,604,495 0.0415 0.0410 0.0393

SC Jun 9 1,594,676 669,173 1,708,432 0.0437 0.0438 0.0418

SC Jun 10 1,650,250 702,690 1,831,365 0.0453 0.0459 0.0448

SC Jun 11 1,688,649 720,117 1,930,073 0.0463 0.0471 0.0473

SC Jun 12 1,715,234 734,256 1,998,193 0.0471 0.0480 0.0489

SC Jun 13 1,728,158 739,791 2,029,002 0.0474 0.0484 0.0497

SC Jun 14 1,733,573 740,392 2,036,326 0.0476 0.0484 0.0499

SC Jun 15 1,731,234 738,786 2,032,064 0.0475 0.0483 0.0498

SC Jun 16 1,727,326 737,522 2,027,165 0.0474 0.0482 0.0496

SC Jun 17 1,714,522 733,951 2,011,417 0.0470 0.0480 0.0492

SC Jun 18 1,694,167 725,702 1,990,211 0.0465 0.0474 0.0487

SC Jun 19 1,658,889 709,176 1,932,339 0.0455 0.0464 0.0473

SC Jun 20 1,663,468 706,596 1,888,845 0.0456 0.0462 0.0462

SC Jun 21 1,612,342 690,122 1,779,653 0.0442 0.0451 0.0436

SC Jun 22 1,505,012 643,357 1,614,139 0.0413 0.0421 0.0395

SC Jun 23 1,390,672 579,803 1,493,083 0.0381 0.0379 0.0366

SC Jul 0 1,550,861 647,375 1,621,672 0.0380 0.0379 0.0357

SC Jul 1 1,485,649 606,974 1,557,981 0.0364 0.0355 0.0343

SC Jul 2 1,435,894 577,435 1,512,180 0.0352 0.0338 0.0332

SC Jul 3 1,406,613 563,617 1,489,064 0.0344 0.0330 0.0327

SC Jul 4 1,393,604 552,854 1,472,430 0.0341 0.0324 0.0324

SC Jul 5 1,427,729 562,174 1,495,141 0.0350 0.0329 0.0329

SC Jul 6 1,483,276 581,958 1,528,722 0.0363 0.0341 0.0336

SC Jul 7 1,553,204 624,180 1,617,557 0.0380 0.0365 0.0356

SC Jul 8 1,669,386 685,118 1,746,634 0.0409 0.0401 0.0384

SC Jul 9 1,780,560 744,007 1,914,618 0.0436 0.0436 0.0421

SC Jul 10 1,841,166 780,080 2,059,147 0.0451 0.0457 0.0453

SC Jul 11 1,871,650 797,506 2,160,641 0.0458 0.0467 0.0475

SC Jul 12 1,885,097 804,057 2,215,621 0.0462 0.0471 0.0487

SC Jul 13 1,893,481 804,660 2,247,460 0.0464 0.0471 0.0494

SC Jul 14 1,880,848 802,907 2,250,524 0.0461 0.0470 0.0495

SC Jul 15 1,871,265 802,725 2,253,254 0.0458 0.0470 0.0495

SC Jul 16 1,874,544 803,356 2,251,591 0.0459 0.0470 0.0495

SC Jul 17 1,864,347 800,267 2,238,259 0.0457 0.0468 0.0492

SC Jul 18 1,841,150 793,304 2,202,195 0.0451 0.0464 0.0484

SC Jul 19 1,817,323 777,456 2,137,212 0.0445 0.0455 0.0470

SC Jul 20 1,825,395 776,122 2,056,405 0.0447 0.0454 0.0452

SC Jul 21 1,806,089 766,607 1,942,184 0.0442 0.0449 0.0427

SC Jul 22 1,745,295 737,081 1,813,537 0.0427 0.0431 0.0399

SC Jul 23 1,633,411 690,428 1,704,282 0.0400 0.0404 0.0375

SC Aug 0 1,438,903 564,220 1,495,896 0.0372 0.0362 0.0350

SC Aug 1 1,371,260 533,223 1,434,370 0.0355 0.0342 0.0335

SC Aug 2 1,314,516 510,277 1,387,397 0.0340 0.0327 0.0324

SC Aug 3 1,292,699 501,939 1,371,174 0.0334 0.0322 0.0320

SC Aug 4 1,315,716 507,934 1,381,607 0.0340 0.0326 0.0323

SC Aug 5 1,409,065 544,067 1,448,169 0.0364 0.0349 0.0338

SC Aug 6 1,484,951 578,736 1,510,958 0.0384 0.0371 0.0353

SC Aug 7 1,510,405 596,475 1,565,906 0.0391 0.0383 0.0366

SC Aug 8 1,583,021 630,367 1,655,106 0.0409 0.0404 0.0387

SC Aug 9 1,667,201 673,589 1,798,684 0.0431 0.0432 0.0420

SC Aug 10 1,721,623 702,425 1,936,111 0.0445 0.0451 0.0452

SC Aug 11 1,762,679 721,381 2,040,296 0.0456 0.0463 0.0477

D-36

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 83 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix D

Actual 2002 State Level Monthly-Diurnal Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Hour [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Actual Reported Values [2002]

Calculated Ratios

SC Aug 12 1,787,421 735,211 2,090,912 0.0462 0.0472 0.0489

SC Aug 13 1,793,621 740,812 2,115,282 0.0464 0.0475 0.0494

SC Aug 14 1,793,187 740,506 2,117,739 0.0464 0.0475 0.0495

SC Aug 15 1,805,171 745,541 2,123,103 0.0467 0.0478 0.0496

SC Aug 16 1,807,683 746,813 2,121,240 0.0467 0.0479 0.0496

SC Aug 17 1,797,020 739,242 2,103,452 0.0465 0.0474 0.0492

SC Aug 18 1,772,300 727,860 2,068,105 0.0458 0.0467 0.0483

SC Aug 19 1,755,499 718,248 2,025,562 0.0454 0.0461 0.0473

SC Aug 20 1,748,648 715,426 1,965,235 0.0452 0.0459 0.0459

SC Aug 21 1,689,776 690,266 1,822,903 0.0437 0.0443 0.0426

SC Aug 22 1,578,938 640,743 1,664,935 0.0408 0.0411 0.0389

SC Aug 23 1,475,430 586,544 1,546,164 0.0381 0.0376 0.0361

SC Sep 0 1,267,171 489,865 1,287,184 0.0355 0.0347 0.0357

SC Sep 1 1,214,880 466,986 1,245,487 0.0340 0.0330 0.0345

SC Sep 2 1,179,221 452,666 1,218,077 0.0331 0.0320 0.0338

SC Sep 3 1,166,196 446,962 1,205,510 0.0327 0.0316 0.0334

SC Sep 4 1,193,111 456,933 1,221,705 0.0334 0.0323 0.0339

SC Sep 5 1,298,674 501,016 1,299,352 0.0364 0.0355 0.0360

SC Sep 6 1,395,952 546,074 1,378,585 0.0391 0.0386 0.0382

SC Sep 7 1,399,227 551,691 1,397,508 0.0392 0.0390 0.0388

SC Sep 8 1,484,456 586,479 1,473,117 0.0416 0.0415 0.0409

SC Sep 9 1,551,745 619,554 1,550,128 0.0435 0.0438 0.0430

SC Sep 10 1,607,397 642,136 1,608,375 0.0451 0.0454 0.0446

SC Sep 11 1,641,868 654,374 1,654,612 0.0460 0.0463 0.0459

SC Sep 12 1,656,163 663,988 1,683,369 0.0464 0.0470 0.0467

SC Sep 13 1,664,480 668,709 1,698,407 0.0467 0.0473 0.0471

SC Sep 14 1,667,461 671,110 1,704,850 0.0467 0.0475 0.0473

SC Sep 15 1,665,656 670,852 1,701,846 0.0467 0.0475 0.0472

SC Sep 16 1,671,289 672,480 1,697,383 0.0468 0.0476 0.0471

SC Sep 17 1,663,662 668,885 1,691,010 0.0466 0.0473 0.0469

SC Sep 18 1,656,238 662,424 1,678,966 0.0464 0.0469 0.0466

SC Sep 19 1,665,481 663,287 1,673,145 0.0467 0.0469 0.0464

SC Sep 20 1,639,488 655,455 1,639,684 0.0460 0.0464 0.0455

SC Sep 21 1,561,295 625,954 1,561,141 0.0438 0.0443 0.0433

SC Sep 22 1,439,682 571,244 1,443,309 0.0404 0.0404 0.0400

SC Sep 23 1,328,878 522,474 1,345,189 0.0372 0.0370 0.0373

SC Oct 0 1,083,438 432,962 1,077,489 0.0359 0.0355 0.0363

SC Oct 1 1,045,716 411,972 1,041,266 0.0346 0.0338 0.0351

SC Oct 2 1,036,821 405,198 1,029,069 0.0343 0.0332 0.0347

SC Oct 3 1,041,711 404,777 1,026,238 0.0345 0.0332 0.0346

SC Oct 4 1,087,634 424,511 1,063,636 0.0360 0.0348 0.0358

SC Oct 5 1,188,034 464,658 1,138,266 0.0393 0.0381 0.0383

SC Oct 6 1,264,169 506,142 1,202,115 0.0418 0.0415 0.0405

SC Oct 7 1,281,158 514,592 1,225,918 0.0424 0.0422 0.0413

SC Oct 8 1,327,321 532,210 1,264,589 0.0439 0.0436 0.0426

SC Oct 9 1,352,740 543,750 1,289,224 0.0448 0.0446 0.0434

SC Oct 10 1,362,337 555,102 1,312,226 0.0451 0.0455 0.0442

SC Oct 11 1,356,707 556,753 1,327,909 0.0449 0.0456 0.0447

SC Oct 12 1,354,978 556,010 1,344,829 0.0448 0.0456 0.0453

SC Oct 13 1,350,576 555,834 1,350,789 0.0447 0.0456 0.0455

SC Oct 14 1,347,416 554,676 1,351,650 0.0446 0.0455 0.0455

SC Oct 15 1,342,470 552,929 1,352,179 0.0444 0.0453 0.0456

SC Oct 16 1,346,603 553,976 1,354,292 0.0446 0.0454 0.0456

D-37

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 84 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix D

Actual 2002 State Level Monthly-Diurnal Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Hour [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Actual Reported Values [2002]

Calculated Ratios

SC Oct 17 1,349,409 551,984 1,350,493 0.0447 0.0452 0.0455

SC Oct 18 1,351,247 548,130 1,346,388 0.0447 0.0449 0.0454

SC Oct 19 1,350,041 549,817 1,335,542 0.0447 0.0451 0.0450

SC Oct 20 1,339,271 544,543 1,310,248 0.0443 0.0446 0.0441

SC Oct 21 1,312,079 532,082 1,273,823 0.0434 0.0436 0.0429

SC Oct 22 1,215,755 494,039 1,195,535 0.0402 0.0405 0.0403

SC Oct 23 1,126,056 454,256 1,119,629 0.0373 0.0372 0.0377

SC Nov 0 1,142,879 465,804 1,092,879 0.0399 0.0397 0.0399

SC Nov 1 1,121,516 454,090 1,069,293 0.0391 0.0387 0.0391

SC Nov 2 1,107,818 445,707 1,056,930 0.0386 0.0380 0.0386

SC Nov 3 1,112,215 448,817 1,060,109 0.0388 0.0382 0.0387

SC Nov 4 1,117,929 452,879 1,068,293 0.0390 0.0386 0.0390

SC Nov 5 1,155,180 470,750 1,105,723 0.0403 0.0401 0.0404

SC Nov 6 1,214,771 493,858 1,148,648 0.0424 0.0421 0.0420

SC Nov 7 1,238,138 509,024 1,183,112 0.0432 0.0434 0.0432

SC Nov 8 1,229,883 505,155 1,180,162 0.0429 0.0430 0.0431

SC Nov 9 1,239,623 505,179 1,179,357 0.0432 0.0430 0.0431

SC Nov 10 1,229,433 501,538 1,163,431 0.0429 0.0427 0.0425

SC Nov 11 1,218,899 498,788 1,159,807 0.0425 0.0425 0.0424

SC Nov 12 1,205,021 493,462 1,152,594 0.0420 0.0420 0.0421

SC Nov 13 1,190,767 485,270 1,136,787 0.0415 0.0413 0.0415

SC Nov 14 1,173,108 478,959 1,124,147 0.0409 0.0408 0.0411

SC Nov 15 1,168,764 477,481 1,121,535 0.0408 0.0407 0.0410

SC Nov 16 1,166,053 478,332 1,126,451 0.0407 0.0408 0.0412

SC Nov 17 1,217,287 499,460 1,166,260 0.0424 0.0426 0.0426

SC Nov 18 1,260,433 520,571 1,201,570 0.0440 0.0444 0.0439

SC Nov 19 1,261,010 520,195 1,196,676 0.0440 0.0443 0.0437

SC Nov 20 1,256,921 518,826 1,192,076 0.0438 0.0442 0.0436

SC Nov 21 1,247,080 517,189 1,187,202 0.0435 0.0441 0.0434

SC Nov 22 1,227,629 508,506 1,169,284 0.0428 0.0433 0.0427

SC Nov 23 1,175,485 486,920 1,126,987 0.0410 0.0415 0.0412

SC Dec 0 1,356,270 556,321 1,309,476 0.0399 0.0399 0.0398

SC Dec 1 1,332,499 540,268 1,279,485 0.0392 0.0387 0.0389

SC Dec 2 1,324,618 536,330 1,275,732 0.0389 0.0384 0.0388

SC Dec 3 1,330,924 538,908 1,284,514 0.0391 0.0386 0.0391

SC Dec 4 1,335,158 545,819 1,296,880 0.0392 0.0391 0.0394

SC Dec 5 1,385,906 565,695 1,340,759 0.0407 0.0405 0.0408

SC Dec 6 1,436,829 586,536 1,387,329 0.0422 0.0420 0.0422

SC Dec 7 1,488,961 611,648 1,440,753 0.0438 0.0438 0.0438

SC Dec 8 1,491,509 613,176 1,444,956 0.0438 0.0440 0.0440

SC Dec 9 1,501,425 618,516 1,447,916 0.0441 0.0443 0.0440

SC Dec 10 1,484,685 610,879 1,431,441 0.0436 0.0438 0.0435

SC Dec 11 1,459,697 593,638 1,395,938 0.0429 0.0426 0.0425

SC Dec 12 1,423,246 578,669 1,365,957 0.0418 0.0415 0.0415

SC Dec 13 1,391,851 570,939 1,345,091 0.0409 0.0409 0.0409

SC Dec 14 1,352,161 557,078 1,319,068 0.0397 0.0399 0.0401

SC Dec 15 1,344,643 551,497 1,312,670 0.0395 0.0395 0.0399

SC Dec 16 1,369,024 559,569 1,333,589 0.0402 0.0401 0.0406

SC Dec 17 1,449,587 595,765 1,398,917 0.0426 0.0427 0.0426

SC Dec 18 1,493,742 621,423 1,438,833 0.0439 0.0445 0.0438

SC Dec 19 1,473,502 611,050 1,427,712 0.0433 0.0438 0.0434

SC Dec 20 1,479,504 608,223 1,424,664 0.0435 0.0436 0.0433

SC Dec 21 1,475,680 608,049 1,421,202 0.0434 0.0436 0.0432

D-38

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 85 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix D

Actual 2002 State Level Monthly-Diurnal Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Hour [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Actual Reported Values [2002]

Calculated Ratios

SC Dec 22 1,450,119 597,906 1,401,208 0.0426 0.0429 0.0426

SC Dec 23 1,391,087 573,310 1,351,539 0.0409 0.0411 0.0411

TN Jan 0 2,280,657 1,090,246 2,060,661 0.0408 0.0412 0.0408

TN Jan 1 2,276,680 1,086,084 2,055,798 0.0407 0.0410 0.0407

TN Jan 2 2,272,794 1,084,755 2,049,805 0.0406 0.0409 0.0406

TN Jan 3 2,283,587 1,086,794 2,055,875 0.0408 0.0410 0.0407

TN Jan 4 2,315,278 1,097,078 2,085,158 0.0414 0.0414 0.0413

TN Jan 5 2,354,985 1,117,772 2,125,268 0.0421 0.0422 0.0421

TN Jan 6 2,377,419 1,130,729 2,160,310 0.0425 0.0427 0.0428

TN Jan 7 2,379,741 1,134,700 2,158,578 0.0425 0.0428 0.0427

TN Jan 8 2,385,006 1,131,469 2,152,929 0.0426 0.0427 0.0426

TN Jan 9 2,382,917 1,123,629 2,142,415 0.0426 0.0424 0.0424

TN Jan 10 2,365,473 1,117,013 2,124,072 0.0423 0.0422 0.0420

TN Jan 11 2,327,368 1,103,862 2,103,953 0.0416 0.0417 0.0416

TN Jan 12 2,316,863 1,091,178 2,093,020 0.0414 0.0412 0.0414

TN Jan 13 2,309,096 1,078,383 2,078,746 0.0413 0.0407 0.0411

TN Jan 14 2,299,661 1,075,824 2,074,755 0.0411 0.0406 0.0411

TN Jan 15 2,321,027 1,088,345 2,097,187 0.0415 0.0411 0.0415

TN Jan 16 2,343,037 1,095,908 2,109,557 0.0419 0.0414 0.0418

TN Jan 17 2,367,599 1,107,163 2,131,849 0.0423 0.0418 0.0422

TN Jan 18 2,380,012 1,121,715 2,145,891 0.0425 0.0423 0.0425

TN Jan 19 2,370,033 1,119,519 2,140,261 0.0424 0.0423 0.0424

TN Jan 20 2,365,048 1,117,332 2,136,469 0.0423 0.0422 0.0423

TN Jan 21 2,342,389 1,110,766 2,116,629 0.0419 0.0419 0.0419

TN Jan 22 2,292,432 1,097,607 2,075,794 0.0410 0.0414 0.0411

TN Jan 23 2,253,488 1,082,843 2,042,235 0.0403 0.0409 0.0404

TN Feb 0 2,045,561 1,036,193 1,974,208 0.0411 0.0413 0.0409

TN Feb 1 2,037,112 1,028,755 1,964,950 0.0409 0.0410 0.0407

TN Feb 2 2,036,584 1,027,141 1,965,731 0.0409 0.0409 0.0407

TN Feb 3 2,051,386 1,033,416 1,976,667 0.0412 0.0412 0.0410

TN Feb 4 2,081,945 1,043,732 2,001,259 0.0418 0.0416 0.0415

TN Feb 5 2,119,150 1,058,631 2,035,996 0.0426 0.0422 0.0422

TN Feb 6 2,129,069 1,067,771 2,052,247 0.0428 0.0425 0.0425

TN Feb 7 2,110,861 1,062,664 2,046,802 0.0424 0.0423 0.0424

TN Feb 8 2,121,686 1,063,805 2,048,373 0.0426 0.0424 0.0424

TN Feb 9 2,098,143 1,055,196 2,045,894 0.0422 0.0420 0.0424

TN Feb 10 2,075,935 1,049,309 2,035,769 0.0417 0.0418 0.0422

TN Feb 11 2,068,315 1,047,712 2,029,719 0.0416 0.0417 0.0421

TN Feb 12 2,054,168 1,044,777 2,018,542 0.0413 0.0416 0.0418

TN Feb 13 2,034,932 1,038,578 2,002,914 0.0409 0.0414 0.0415

TN Feb 14 2,011,399 1,030,459 1,985,070 0.0404 0.0410 0.0411

TN Feb 15 2,002,182 1,029,651 1,978,422 0.0402 0.0410 0.0410

TN Feb 16 2,025,350 1,034,663 1,991,100 0.0407 0.0412 0.0413

TN Feb 17 2,061,721 1,046,012 2,017,429 0.0414 0.0417 0.0418

TN Feb 18 2,100,734 1,054,346 2,024,956 0.0422 0.0420 0.0420

TN Feb 19 2,107,282 1,051,903 2,019,594 0.0423 0.0419 0.0418

TN Feb 20 2,118,880 1,052,061 2,023,781 0.0426 0.0419 0.0419

TN Feb 21 2,113,523 1,053,535 2,023,349 0.0425 0.0420 0.0419

TN Feb 22 2,087,880 1,052,103 2,006,920 0.0419 0.0419 0.0416

TN Feb 23 2,079,170 1,048,811 1,999,179 0.0418 0.0418 0.0414

TN Mar 0 2,180,326 1,137,957 2,190,242 0.0405 0.0410 0.0407

TN Mar 1 2,156,648 1,130,759 2,174,875 0.0400 0.0407 0.0404

TN Mar 2 2,137,773 1,126,441 2,164,468 0.0397 0.0405 0.0403

D-39

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 86 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix D

Actual 2002 State Level Monthly-Diurnal Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Hour [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Actual Reported Values [2002]

Calculated Ratios

TN Mar 3 2,142,861 1,124,783 2,171,287 0.0398 0.0405 0.0404

TN Mar 4 2,165,441 1,134,289 2,194,430 0.0402 0.0408 0.0408

TN Mar 5 2,210,240 1,150,811 2,235,294 0.0410 0.0414 0.0416

TN Mar 6 2,247,318 1,174,062 2,289,372 0.0417 0.0423 0.0426

TN Mar 7 2,237,563 1,174,836 2,285,107 0.0415 0.0423 0.0425

TN Mar 8 2,250,433 1,170,688 2,270,641 0.0418 0.0421 0.0422

TN Mar 9 2,278,430 1,175,946 2,286,604 0.0423 0.0423 0.0425

TN Mar 10 2,288,113 1,178,902 2,294,721 0.0425 0.0424 0.0427

TN Mar 11 2,291,351 1,179,668 2,283,107 0.0425 0.0425 0.0425

TN Mar 12 2,290,673 1,174,183 2,272,685 0.0425 0.0423 0.0423

TN Mar 13 2,286,454 1,166,158 2,256,742 0.0424 0.0420 0.0420

TN Mar 14 2,280,776 1,163,689 2,246,497 0.0423 0.0419 0.0418

TN Mar 15 2,284,314 1,161,581 2,249,873 0.0424 0.0418 0.0418

TN Mar 16 2,285,313 1,160,340 2,250,387 0.0424 0.0418 0.0418

TN Mar 17 2,287,641 1,162,243 2,248,851 0.0425 0.0418 0.0418

TN Mar 18 2,312,247 1,170,061 2,262,283 0.0429 0.0421 0.0421

TN Mar 19 2,314,670 1,170,576 2,259,844 0.0430 0.0421 0.0420

TN Mar 20 2,302,073 1,165,324 2,253,878 0.0427 0.0419 0.0419

TN Mar 21 2,274,016 1,161,954 2,248,913 0.0422 0.0418 0.0418

TN Mar 22 2,209,224 1,140,592 2,203,141 0.0410 0.0410 0.0410

TN Mar 23 2,174,554 1,130,438 2,180,161 0.0404 0.0407 0.0405

TN Apr 0 2,044,749 1,061,543 2,070,830 0.0381 0.0394 0.0386

TN Apr 1 2,005,156 1,046,422 2,036,645 0.0374 0.0388 0.0379

TN Apr 2 2,004,324 1,041,500 2,026,268 0.0374 0.0387 0.0378

TN Apr 3 2,045,372 1,055,392 2,058,094 0.0381 0.0392 0.0383

TN Apr 4 2,141,951 1,088,750 2,135,048 0.0399 0.0404 0.0398

TN Apr 5 2,226,460 1,118,523 2,198,103 0.0415 0.0415 0.0410

TN Apr 6 2,233,453 1,121,488 2,209,347 0.0416 0.0416 0.0412

TN Apr 7 2,264,203 1,131,645 2,229,844 0.0422 0.0420 0.0415

TN Apr 8 2,284,079 1,138,038 2,249,554 0.0426 0.0422 0.0419

TN Apr 9 2,297,398 1,139,610 2,272,535 0.0428 0.0423 0.0423

TN Apr 10 2,312,291 1,140,698 2,298,553 0.0431 0.0423 0.0428

TN Apr 11 2,309,811 1,138,665 2,307,521 0.0431 0.0423 0.0430

TN Apr 12 2,310,818 1,140,028 2,311,347 0.0431 0.0423 0.0431

TN Apr 13 2,310,720 1,146,265 2,329,188 0.0431 0.0425 0.0434

TN Apr 14 2,309,927 1,147,491 2,336,905 0.0431 0.0426 0.0435

TN Apr 15 2,310,604 1,149,649 2,341,989 0.0431 0.0427 0.0436

TN Apr 16 2,311,508 1,155,848 2,347,038 0.0431 0.0429 0.0437

TN Apr 17 2,311,177 1,158,728 2,342,439 0.0431 0.0430 0.0436

TN Apr 18 2,333,502 1,167,531 2,352,881 0.0435 0.0433 0.0438

TN Apr 19 2,346,118 1,165,574 2,352,994 0.0437 0.0433 0.0438

TN Apr 20 2,337,132 1,158,848 2,321,872 0.0436 0.0430 0.0433

TN Apr 21 2,274,011 1,136,940 2,237,857 0.0424 0.0422 0.0417

TN Apr 22 2,188,145 1,109,353 2,174,202 0.0408 0.0412 0.0405

TN Apr 23 2,122,615 1,085,586 2,127,949 0.0396 0.0403 0.0396

TN May 0 2,097,390 1,044,045 2,183,067 0.0390 0.0398 0.0394

TN May 1 2,059,125 1,025,383 2,145,941 0.0383 0.0391 0.0387

TN May 2 2,044,200 1,012,178 2,124,933 0.0380 0.0386 0.0384

TN May 3 2,062,636 1,018,551 2,141,667 0.0383 0.0389 0.0387

TN May 4 2,107,827 1,041,643 2,184,093 0.0392 0.0397 0.0394

TN May 5 2,168,969 1,065,468 2,238,029 0.0403 0.0406 0.0404

TN May 6 2,178,130 1,073,329 2,252,855 0.0405 0.0409 0.0407

TN May 7 2,223,555 1,085,827 2,276,424 0.0413 0.0414 0.0411

D-40

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 87 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix D

Actual 2002 State Level Monthly-Diurnal Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Hour [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Actual Reported Values [2002]

Calculated Ratios

TN May 8 2,291,831 1,109,084 2,334,809 0.0426 0.0423 0.0421

TN May 9 2,304,353 1,112,287 2,352,677 0.0428 0.0424 0.0425

TN May 10 2,316,864 1,119,631 2,371,950 0.0431 0.0427 0.0428

TN May 11 2,330,777 1,130,585 2,396,929 0.0433 0.0431 0.0433

TN May 12 2,332,930 1,125,359 2,400,531 0.0434 0.0429 0.0433

TN May 13 2,349,411 1,137,190 2,423,689 0.0437 0.0434 0.0438

TN May 14 2,344,893 1,131,685 2,422,228 0.0436 0.0432 0.0437

TN May 15 2,333,830 1,124,888 2,407,856 0.0434 0.0429 0.0435

TN May 16 2,337,173 1,127,827 2,408,655 0.0434 0.0430 0.0435

TN May 17 2,324,409 1,124,076 2,389,619 0.0432 0.0429 0.0431

TN May 18 2,328,213 1,121,883 2,381,990 0.0433 0.0428 0.0430

TN May 19 2,350,543 1,121,297 2,389,039 0.0437 0.0428 0.0431

TN May 20 2,332,491 1,118,215 2,372,526 0.0434 0.0427 0.0428

TN May 21 2,250,042 1,094,437 2,304,079 0.0418 0.0418 0.0416

TN May 22 2,181,192 1,080,175 2,264,001 0.0405 0.0412 0.0409

TN May 23 2,142,259 1,066,553 2,229,848 0.0398 0.0407 0.0403

TN Jun 0 2,246,844 1,163,244 2,348,629 0.0387 0.0402 0.0390

TN Jun 1 2,157,024 1,116,780 2,254,251 0.0371 0.0386 0.0374

TN Jun 2 2,114,606 1,091,410 2,206,758 0.0364 0.0377 0.0367

TN Jun 3 2,122,681 1,090,934 2,209,308 0.0365 0.0377 0.0367

TN Jun 4 2,166,926 1,110,534 2,256,363 0.0373 0.0383 0.0375

TN Jun 5 2,197,182 1,121,043 2,280,986 0.0378 0.0387 0.0379

TN Jun 6 2,245,908 1,133,255 2,321,132 0.0387 0.0391 0.0386

TN Jun 7 2,380,289 1,182,770 2,422,629 0.0410 0.0408 0.0402

TN Jun 8 2,475,740 1,222,110 2,519,902 0.0426 0.0422 0.0419

TN Jun 9 2,521,948 1,243,308 2,580,303 0.0434 0.0429 0.0429

TN Jun 10 2,540,649 1,252,511 2,616,466 0.0437 0.0432 0.0435

TN Jun 11 2,556,532 1,258,730 2,639,054 0.0440 0.0435 0.0438

TN Jun 12 2,551,271 1,259,623 2,658,926 0.0439 0.0435 0.0442

TN Jun 13 2,556,432 1,260,605 2,690,570 0.0440 0.0435 0.0447

TN Jun 14 2,568,395 1,257,352 2,701,819 0.0442 0.0434 0.0449

TN Jun 15 2,571,738 1,261,886 2,709,178 0.0443 0.0436 0.0450

TN Jun 16 2,571,247 1,259,730 2,695,121 0.0443 0.0435 0.0448

TN Jun 17 2,567,684 1,258,082 2,681,601 0.0442 0.0434 0.0445

TN Jun 18 2,563,903 1,254,680 2,663,559 0.0441 0.0433 0.0442

TN Jun 19 2,570,639 1,256,567 2,651,315 0.0443 0.0434 0.0440

TN Jun 20 2,557,808 1,252,991 2,621,719 0.0440 0.0433 0.0435

TN Jun 21 2,502,736 1,237,210 2,547,606 0.0431 0.0427 0.0423

TN Jun 22 2,415,922 1,215,513 2,484,921 0.0416 0.0420 0.0413

TN Jun 23 2,359,788 1,199,917 2,443,012 0.0406 0.0414 0.0406

TN Jul 0 2,483,790 1,202,492 2,513,570 0.0396 0.0405 0.0385

TN Jul 1 2,399,485 1,184,193 2,454,175 0.0383 0.0399 0.0376

TN Jul 2 2,342,566 1,162,167 2,402,688 0.0374 0.0391 0.0368

TN Jul 3 2,351,902 1,159,517 2,402,184 0.0375 0.0391 0.0368

TN Jul 4 2,394,141 1,167,605 2,428,316 0.0382 0.0393 0.0372

TN Jul 5 2,405,527 1,170,775 2,445,342 0.0384 0.0394 0.0375

TN Jul 6 2,475,120 1,185,236 2,494,763 0.0395 0.0399 0.0382

TN Jul 7 2,594,352 1,225,183 2,593,504 0.0414 0.0413 0.0397

TN Jul 8 2,665,212 1,241,348 2,664,052 0.0425 0.0418 0.0408

TN Jul 9 2,717,800 1,258,136 2,754,759 0.0433 0.0424 0.0422

TN Jul 10 2,735,468 1,268,759 2,858,838 0.0436 0.0427 0.0438

TN Jul 11 2,736,509 1,272,416 2,925,505 0.0436 0.0429 0.0448

TN Jul 12 2,733,200 1,278,347 2,972,783 0.0436 0.0431 0.0456

D-41

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 88 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix D

Actual 2002 State Level Monthly-Diurnal Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Hour [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Actual Reported Values [2002]

Calculated Ratios

TN Jul 13 2,721,767 1,271,801 2,979,932 0.0434 0.0428 0.0457

TN Jul 14 2,725,109 1,273,232 2,983,227 0.0435 0.0429 0.0457

TN Jul 15 2,727,026 1,274,190 2,979,882 0.0435 0.0429 0.0457

TN Jul 16 2,728,768 1,277,405 2,969,560 0.0435 0.0430 0.0455

TN Jul 17 2,730,777 1,275,804 2,938,302 0.0435 0.0430 0.0450

TN Jul 18 2,730,727 1,275,132 2,908,965 0.0435 0.0430 0.0446

TN Jul 19 2,734,862 1,273,353 2,885,817 0.0436 0.0429 0.0442

TN Jul 20 2,724,414 1,269,790 2,824,939 0.0434 0.0428 0.0433

TN Jul 21 2,682,158 1,261,150 2,709,560 0.0428 0.0425 0.0415

TN Jul 22 2,609,134 1,237,889 2,605,099 0.0416 0.0417 0.0399

TN Jul 23 2,566,458 1,219,764 2,564,354 0.0409 0.0411 0.0393

TN Aug 0 2,589,072 1,244,659 2,571,778 0.0400 0.0406 0.0391

TN Aug 1 2,482,005 1,213,802 2,491,469 0.0383 0.0396 0.0378

TN Aug 2 2,412,655 1,190,281 2,433,679 0.0373 0.0388 0.0370

TN Aug 3 2,415,732 1,186,501 2,431,309 0.0373 0.0387 0.0369

TN Aug 4 2,517,052 1,216,870 2,509,643 0.0389 0.0397 0.0381

TN Aug 5 2,560,068 1,236,898 2,557,754 0.0395 0.0403 0.0388

TN Aug 6 2,573,052 1,239,009 2,559,716 0.0397 0.0404 0.0389

TN Aug 7 2,687,855 1,273,323 2,636,910 0.0415 0.0415 0.0400

TN Aug 8 2,751,791 1,288,132 2,706,827 0.0425 0.0420 0.0411

TN Aug 9 2,785,826 1,297,919 2,766,035 0.0430 0.0423 0.0420

TN Aug 10 2,794,196 1,305,843 2,842,356 0.0432 0.0426 0.0432

TN Aug 11 2,796,816 1,311,987 2,907,571 0.0432 0.0428 0.0442

TN Aug 12 2,807,974 1,318,004 2,952,191 0.0434 0.0430 0.0448

TN Aug 13 2,808,826 1,320,679 2,973,811 0.0434 0.0431 0.0452

TN Aug 14 2,811,072 1,322,692 2,980,643 0.0434 0.0431 0.0453

TN Aug 15 2,811,713 1,323,530 2,985,965 0.0434 0.0432 0.0453

TN Aug 16 2,814,605 1,319,242 2,961,149 0.0435 0.0430 0.0450

TN Aug 17 2,809,050 1,314,222 2,946,849 0.0434 0.0429 0.0448

TN Aug 18 2,811,343 1,310,855 2,921,085 0.0434 0.0428 0.0444

TN Aug 19 2,822,940 1,309,436 2,898,504 0.0436 0.0427 0.0440

TN Aug 20 2,791,507 1,300,921 2,825,941 0.0431 0.0424 0.0429

TN Aug 21 2,746,217 1,286,560 2,726,683 0.0424 0.0420 0.0414

TN Aug 22 2,687,580 1,269,256 2,648,952 0.0415 0.0414 0.0402

TN Aug 23 2,643,644 1,255,684 2,607,394 0.0408 0.0410 0.0396

TN Sep 0 2,100,256 994,602 2,062,966 0.0379 0.0395 0.0380

TN Sep 1 2,047,482 972,290 2,009,555 0.0370 0.0386 0.0370

TN Sep 2 2,011,459 948,849 1,968,782 0.0363 0.0376 0.0363

TN Sep 3 2,022,730 952,560 1,976,847 0.0365 0.0378 0.0364

TN Sep 4 2,110,465 985,460 2,053,490 0.0381 0.0391 0.0378

TN Sep 5 2,217,288 1,025,173 2,144,343 0.0400 0.0407 0.0395

TN Sep 6 2,208,307 1,025,125 2,148,584 0.0399 0.0407 0.0396

TN Sep 7 2,272,117 1,042,945 2,204,052 0.0410 0.0414 0.0406

TN Sep 8 2,353,309 1,065,925 2,273,730 0.0425 0.0423 0.0419

TN Sep 9 2,390,600 1,078,517 2,315,077 0.0432 0.0428 0.0427

TN Sep 10 2,415,712 1,082,908 2,333,874 0.0436 0.0430 0.0430

TN Sep 11 2,422,511 1,085,326 2,366,086 0.0438 0.0431 0.0436

TN Sep 12 2,432,854 1,088,395 2,393,500 0.0439 0.0432 0.0441

TN Sep 13 2,438,961 1,094,403 2,426,071 0.0441 0.0434 0.0447

TN Sep 14 2,442,999 1,091,969 2,454,300 0.0441 0.0433 0.0452

TN Sep 15 2,449,388 1,092,741 2,462,484 0.0442 0.0434 0.0454

TN Sep 16 2,450,695 1,096,504 2,469,534 0.0443 0.0435 0.0455

TN Sep 17 2,452,366 1,099,411 2,453,851 0.0443 0.0436 0.0452

D-42

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 89 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix D

Actual 2002 State Level Monthly-Diurnal Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Hour [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Actual Reported Values [2002]

Calculated Ratios

TN Sep 18 2,479,684 1,100,837 2,448,194 0.0448 0.0437 0.0451

TN Sep 19 2,479,355 1,098,149 2,427,647 0.0448 0.0436 0.0447

TN Sep 20 2,436,004 1,083,302 2,338,680 0.0440 0.0430 0.0431

TN Sep 21 2,329,020 1,057,042 2,243,274 0.0421 0.0419 0.0413

TN Sep 22 2,234,964 1,032,337 2,174,590 0.0404 0.0410 0.0401

TN Sep 23 2,165,417 1,008,946 2,117,775 0.0391 0.0400 0.0390

TN Oct 0 2,139,772 882,922 1,778,041 0.0390 0.0395 0.0393

TN Oct 1 2,091,048 864,540 1,731,779 0.0381 0.0387 0.0383

TN Oct 2 2,071,604 853,095 1,712,494 0.0378 0.0381 0.0379

TN Oct 3 2,110,192 863,463 1,734,343 0.0385 0.0386 0.0383

TN Oct 4 2,186,854 888,082 1,786,906 0.0399 0.0397 0.0395

TN Oct 5 2,268,051 920,636 1,849,494 0.0414 0.0412 0.0409

TN Oct 6 2,246,949 918,115 1,842,517 0.0410 0.0411 0.0407

TN Oct 7 2,305,963 935,475 1,879,680 0.0421 0.0418 0.0416

TN Oct 8 2,334,590 941,996 1,900,013 0.0426 0.0421 0.0420

TN Oct 9 2,348,131 947,167 1,918,210 0.0428 0.0424 0.0424

TN Oct 10 2,352,830 948,748 1,926,088 0.0429 0.0424 0.0426

TN Oct 11 2,360,530 954,116 1,943,405 0.0431 0.0427 0.0430

TN Oct 12 2,359,928 953,643 1,946,378 0.0431 0.0426 0.0430

TN Oct 13 2,355,481 954,978 1,952,041 0.0430 0.0427 0.0432

TN Oct 14 2,352,945 958,397 1,962,268 0.0429 0.0429 0.0434

TN Oct 15 2,367,845 963,646 1,970,641 0.0432 0.0431 0.0436

TN Oct 16 2,372,944 965,803 1,972,460 0.0433 0.0432 0.0436

TN Oct 17 2,384,097 969,314 1,980,106 0.0435 0.0433 0.0438

TN Oct 18 2,383,452 969,581 1,980,602 0.0435 0.0434 0.0438

TN Oct 19 2,371,349 964,505 1,964,370 0.0433 0.0431 0.0434

TN Oct 20 2,343,180 959,852 1,926,794 0.0427 0.0429 0.0426

TN Oct 21 2,303,770 951,687 1,902,263 0.0420 0.0426 0.0421

TN Oct 22 2,227,075 926,290 1,857,672 0.0406 0.0414 0.0411

TN Oct 23 2,177,392 905,891 1,818,658 0.0397 0.0405 0.0402

TN Nov 0 2,122,166 939,253 1,824,730 0.0404 0.0409 0.0408

TN Nov 1 2,103,234 928,523 1,808,506 0.0401 0.0405 0.0405

TN Nov 2 2,081,677 922,513 1,796,588 0.0397 0.0402 0.0402

TN Nov 3 2,091,184 924,630 1,801,275 0.0399 0.0403 0.0403

TN Nov 4 2,140,977 939,754 1,834,880 0.0408 0.0410 0.0410

TN Nov 5 2,185,224 954,192 1,874,290 0.0416 0.0416 0.0419

TN Nov 6 2,215,954 968,937 1,904,312 0.0422 0.0422 0.0426

TN Nov 7 2,199,361 966,143 1,890,767 0.0419 0.0421 0.0423

TN Nov 8 2,240,555 976,082 1,906,513 0.0427 0.0425 0.0426

TN Nov 9 2,235,377 969,674 1,896,398 0.0426 0.0423 0.0424

TN Nov 10 2,228,033 963,362 1,886,306 0.0425 0.0420 0.0422

TN Nov 11 2,201,933 954,595 1,868,083 0.0420 0.0416 0.0418

TN Nov 12 2,186,268 952,154 1,856,347 0.0417 0.0415 0.0415

TN Nov 13 2,173,193 948,302 1,846,796 0.0414 0.0413 0.0413

TN Nov 14 2,169,805 946,823 1,845,494 0.0414 0.0413 0.0413

TN Nov 15 2,173,733 947,154 1,849,851 0.0414 0.0413 0.0414

TN Nov 16 2,214,871 958,831 1,871,799 0.0422 0.0418 0.0419

TN Nov 17 2,276,241 979,171 1,907,962 0.0434 0.0427 0.0427

TN Nov 18 2,264,239 983,901 1,905,184 0.0431 0.0429 0.0426

TN Nov 19 2,252,067 981,371 1,900,588 0.0429 0.0428 0.0425

TN Nov 20 2,236,975 974,822 1,890,883 0.0426 0.0425 0.0423

TN Nov 21 2,206,086 967,213 1,874,494 0.0420 0.0422 0.0419

TN Nov 22 2,150,907 951,900 1,840,745 0.0410 0.0415 0.0412

D-43

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 90 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix D

Actual 2002 State Level Monthly-Diurnal Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Hour [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Actual Reported Values [2002]

Calculated Ratios

TN Nov 23 2,123,724 941,780 1,821,462 0.0405 0.0411 0.0407

TN Dec 0 2,375,447 1,040,346 1,966,374 0.0404 0.0410 0.0405

TN Dec 1 2,368,124 1,038,608 1,961,291 0.0403 0.0410 0.0404

TN Dec 2 2,365,244 1,040,760 1,962,485 0.0403 0.0411 0.0404

TN Dec 3 2,374,892 1,039,526 1,967,265 0.0404 0.0410 0.0405

TN Dec 4 2,400,829 1,049,395 1,987,220 0.0409 0.0414 0.0409

TN Dec 5 2,444,720 1,061,600 2,019,991 0.0416 0.0419 0.0416

TN Dec 6 2,479,036 1,073,879 2,059,962 0.0422 0.0424 0.0424

TN Dec 7 2,454,089 1,064,469 2,052,942 0.0418 0.0420 0.0423

TN Dec 8 2,506,996 1,084,025 2,073,253 0.0427 0.0428 0.0427

TN Dec 9 2,493,623 1,074,369 2,057,139 0.0424 0.0424 0.0424

TN Dec 10 2,468,993 1,059,911 2,031,806 0.0420 0.0418 0.0419

TN Dec 11 2,443,688 1,052,604 2,013,783 0.0416 0.0415 0.0415

TN Dec 12 2,432,161 1,043,185 2,000,237 0.0414 0.0411 0.0412

TN Dec 13 2,412,745 1,034,056 1,982,778 0.0411 0.0408 0.0409

TN Dec 14 2,387,833 1,027,022 1,967,780 0.0406 0.0405 0.0405

TN Dec 15 2,410,985 1,029,460 1,979,718 0.0410 0.0406 0.0408

TN Dec 16 2,485,741 1,047,783 2,034,725 0.0423 0.0413 0.0419

TN Dec 17 2,530,101 1,068,450 2,087,328 0.0431 0.0421 0.0430

TN Dec 18 2,524,339 1,079,512 2,098,589 0.0430 0.0426 0.0432

TN Dec 19 2,513,226 1,082,453 2,092,628 0.0428 0.0427 0.0431

TN Dec 20 2,511,044 1,079,600 2,081,736 0.0427 0.0426 0.0429

TN Dec 21 2,499,871 1,073,275 2,053,754 0.0426 0.0423 0.0423

TN Dec 22 2,456,046 1,060,522 2,012,941 0.0418 0.0418 0.0415

TN Dec 23 2,410,321 1,047,159 1,982,293 0.0410 0.0413 0.0408

VA Jan 0 1,469,978 510,941 1,363,411 0.0382 0.0368 0.0382

VA Jan 1 1,413,972 489,263 1,318,879 0.0368 0.0352 0.0369

VA Jan 2 1,394,261 477,993 1,299,882 0.0362 0.0344 0.0364

VA Jan 3 1,397,937 478,827 1,303,996 0.0363 0.0345 0.0365

VA Jan 4 1,416,371 486,582 1,324,620 0.0368 0.0350 0.0371

VA Jan 5 1,487,816 517,463 1,389,246 0.0387 0.0373 0.0389

VA Jan 6 1,623,644 579,686 1,510,446 0.0422 0.0418 0.0423

VA Jan 7 1,715,251 625,847 1,590,037 0.0446 0.0451 0.0445

VA Jan 8 1,722,037 632,495 1,599,147 0.0448 0.0456 0.0448

VA Jan 9 1,720,004 632,290 1,597,612 0.0447 0.0455 0.0447

VA Jan 10 1,706,659 626,351 1,584,494 0.0444 0.0451 0.0444

VA Jan 11 1,689,686 619,991 1,567,420 0.0439 0.0447 0.0439

VA Jan 12 1,658,244 607,065 1,538,644 0.0431 0.0437 0.0431

VA Jan 13 1,625,083 594,625 1,510,414 0.0422 0.0428 0.0423

VA Jan 14 1,569,117 572,708 1,464,270 0.0408 0.0412 0.0410

VA Jan 15 1,555,639 568,031 1,453,720 0.0404 0.0409 0.0407

VA Jan 16 1,587,985 579,215 1,480,877 0.0413 0.0417 0.0414

VA Jan 17 1,695,410 621,520 1,572,071 0.0441 0.0448 0.0440

VA Jan 18 1,738,629 643,076 1,610,889 0.0452 0.0463 0.0451

VA Jan 19 1,730,939 638,860 1,599,981 0.0450 0.0460 0.0448

VA Jan 20 1,708,932 629,991 1,578,255 0.0444 0.0454 0.0442

VA Jan 21 1,687,903 621,447 1,553,653 0.0439 0.0448 0.0435

VA Jan 22 1,616,851 584,859 1,491,201 0.0420 0.0421 0.0417

VA Jan 23 1,542,767 544,940 1,423,800 0.0401 0.0392 0.0399

VA Feb 0 1,368,690 469,483 1,181,951 0.0378 0.0369 0.0377

VA Feb 1 1,336,875 456,681 1,154,602 0.0369 0.0359 0.0369

VA Feb 2 1,322,779 451,116 1,147,582 0.0365 0.0355 0.0366

VA Feb 3 1,333,836 458,129 1,164,392 0.0368 0.0361 0.0372

D-44

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 91 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix D

Actual 2002 State Level Monthly-Diurnal Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Hour [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Actual Reported Values [2002]

Calculated Ratios

VA Feb 4 1,361,878 471,759 1,192,234 0.0376 0.0371 0.0381

VA Feb 5 1,421,122 494,336 1,243,585 0.0392 0.0389 0.0397

VA Feb 6 1,530,749 542,251 1,336,999 0.0422 0.0427 0.0427

VA Feb 7 1,602,705 572,795 1,400,421 0.0442 0.0451 0.0447

VA Feb 8 1,613,145 574,906 1,405,919 0.0445 0.0452 0.0449

VA Feb 9 1,615,977 574,927 1,401,863 0.0446 0.0452 0.0448

VA Feb 10 1,607,668 568,840 1,386,028 0.0444 0.0448 0.0443

VA Feb 11 1,584,820 559,052 1,360,943 0.0437 0.0440 0.0435

VA Feb 12 1,549,939 544,312 1,333,674 0.0428 0.0428 0.0426

VA Feb 13 1,525,397 535,758 1,314,055 0.0421 0.0422 0.0420

VA Feb 14 1,499,947 524,061 1,291,568 0.0414 0.0412 0.0412

VA Feb 15 1,484,587 518,692 1,278,640 0.0410 0.0408 0.0408

VA Feb 16 1,491,150 520,331 1,284,022 0.0411 0.0409 0.0410

VA Feb 17 1,545,105 540,830 1,325,078 0.0426 0.0426 0.0423

VA Feb 18 1,617,388 572,189 1,387,502 0.0446 0.0450 0.0443

VA Feb 19 1,624,248 576,665 1,395,102 0.0448 0.0454 0.0445

VA Feb 20 1,615,343 571,246 1,385,202 0.0446 0.0450 0.0442

VA Feb 21 1,594,985 563,656 1,368,972 0.0440 0.0444 0.0437

VA Feb 22 1,536,741 541,001 1,321,964 0.0424 0.0426 0.0422

VA Feb 23 1,461,207 504,963 1,256,551 0.0403 0.0397 0.0401

VA Mar 0 1,279,376 439,049 1,063,062 0.0371 0.0365 0.0374

VA Mar 1 1,233,249 418,530 1,024,957 0.0358 0.0348 0.0360

VA Mar 2 1,207,911 410,251 1,007,598 0.0350 0.0341 0.0354

VA Mar 3 1,216,260 412,516 1,018,161 0.0353 0.0343 0.0358

VA Mar 4 1,240,030 421,138 1,037,719 0.0360 0.0351 0.0365

VA Mar 5 1,327,489 457,104 1,111,007 0.0385 0.0380 0.0391

VA Mar 6 1,444,267 501,981 1,200,290 0.0419 0.0418 0.0422

VA Mar 7 1,498,835 523,135 1,248,898 0.0435 0.0435 0.0439

VA Mar 8 1,518,411 534,023 1,265,340 0.0440 0.0444 0.0445

VA Mar 9 1,530,914 537,909 1,269,390 0.0444 0.0448 0.0446

VA Mar 10 1,534,346 538,245 1,265,708 0.0445 0.0448 0.0445

VA Mar 11 1,541,252 542,417 1,260,104 0.0447 0.0451 0.0443

VA Mar 12 1,534,861 536,853 1,247,994 0.0445 0.0447 0.0439

VA Mar 13 1,521,261 531,616 1,236,573 0.0441 0.0442 0.0435

VA Mar 14 1,481,449 518,802 1,207,868 0.0429 0.0432 0.0425

VA Mar 15 1,464,895 510,978 1,198,302 0.0425 0.0425 0.0421

VA Mar 16 1,464,553 510,115 1,204,163 0.0425 0.0425 0.0423

VA Mar 17 1,482,592 517,774 1,220,188 0.0430 0.0431 0.0429

VA Mar 18 1,532,009 537,788 1,260,929 0.0444 0.0448 0.0443

VA Mar 19 1,561,784 551,019 1,280,662 0.0453 0.0459 0.0450

VA Mar 20 1,544,567 544,288 1,264,308 0.0448 0.0453 0.0444

VA Mar 21 1,518,580 536,290 1,240,768 0.0440 0.0446 0.0436

VA Mar 22 1,446,590 507,931 1,186,577 0.0419 0.0423 0.0417

VA Mar 23 1,367,554 474,384 1,124,567 0.0396 0.0395 0.0395

VA Apr 0 1,240,716 406,440 987,895 0.0369 0.0347 0.0357

VA Apr 1 1,213,794 397,410 965,908 0.0361 0.0339 0.0349

VA Apr 2 1,200,095 393,264 957,266 0.0357 0.0335 0.0346

VA Apr 3 1,203,851 394,822 962,158 0.0358 0.0337 0.0348

VA Apr 4 1,244,120 413,841 998,655 0.0370 0.0353 0.0361

VA Apr 5 1,339,178 457,128 1,077,834 0.0398 0.0390 0.0390

VA Apr 6 1,395,573 483,859 1,128,950 0.0415 0.0413 0.0408

VA Apr 7 1,426,154 497,975 1,159,394 0.0424 0.0425 0.0419

VA Apr 8 1,444,940 506,658 1,176,576 0.0429 0.0432 0.0426

D-45

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 92 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix D

Actual 2002 State Level Monthly-Diurnal Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Hour [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Actual Reported Values [2002]

Calculated Ratios

VA Apr 9 1,476,162 522,122 1,206,938 0.0439 0.0445 0.0437

VA Apr 10 1,486,502 529,550 1,234,909 0.0442 0.0452 0.0447

VA Apr 11 1,493,336 533,666 1,254,458 0.0444 0.0455 0.0454

VA Apr 12 1,492,266 533,296 1,259,077 0.0443 0.0455 0.0456

VA Apr 13 1,485,756 533,147 1,258,882 0.0441 0.0455 0.0455

VA Apr 14 1,473,870 527,614 1,248,261 0.0438 0.0450 0.0452

VA Apr 15 1,476,587 528,575 1,241,334 0.0439 0.0451 0.0449

VA Apr 16 1,470,082 525,736 1,230,503 0.0437 0.0448 0.0445

VA Apr 17 1,466,249 523,085 1,219,327 0.0436 0.0446 0.0441

VA Apr 18 1,462,774 521,639 1,217,577 0.0435 0.0445 0.0441

VA Apr 19 1,509,568 541,326 1,258,536 0.0448 0.0462 0.0455

VA Apr 20 1,501,750 536,426 1,250,026 0.0446 0.0457 0.0452

VA Apr 21 1,463,454 514,150 1,200,114 0.0435 0.0438 0.0434

VA Apr 22 1,381,127 468,961 1,102,738 0.0410 0.0400 0.0399

VA Apr 23 1,310,475 435,052 1,042,101 0.0389 0.0371 0.0377

VA May 0 1,034,088 374,835 945,590 0.0344 0.0336 0.0347

VA May 1 960,760 346,845 890,073 0.0320 0.0311 0.0327

VA May 2 932,997 334,289 866,886 0.0310 0.0300 0.0318

VA May 3 950,186 340,260 881,082 0.0316 0.0305 0.0323

VA May 4 1,027,900 371,481 942,158 0.0342 0.0333 0.0346

VA May 5 1,162,255 425,470 1,047,649 0.0387 0.0381 0.0385

VA May 6 1,245,261 458,944 1,111,770 0.0414 0.0411 0.0408

VA May 7 1,285,665 479,791 1,152,941 0.0428 0.0430 0.0423

VA May 8 1,333,772 496,349 1,194,430 0.0444 0.0445 0.0438

VA May 9 1,361,141 508,109 1,221,558 0.0453 0.0455 0.0448

VA May 10 1,365,884 510,428 1,226,515 0.0454 0.0457 0.0450

VA May 11 1,371,925 511,465 1,227,741 0.0456 0.0458 0.0451

VA May 12 1,371,310 512,607 1,233,486 0.0456 0.0459 0.0453

VA May 13 1,370,472 514,400 1,242,210 0.0456 0.0461 0.0456

VA May 14 1,364,316 509,992 1,242,288 0.0454 0.0457 0.0456

VA May 15 1,369,912 514,563 1,250,824 0.0456 0.0461 0.0459

VA May 16 1,370,996 514,114 1,249,905 0.0456 0.0461 0.0459

VA May 17 1,378,307 514,779 1,251,148 0.0459 0.0461 0.0459

VA May 18 1,366,028 510,451 1,232,663 0.0454 0.0458 0.0453

VA May 19 1,378,988 517,473 1,242,266 0.0459 0.0464 0.0456

VA May 20 1,380,676 521,775 1,245,211 0.0459 0.0468 0.0457

VA May 21 1,309,293 493,845 1,183,239 0.0436 0.0443 0.0434

VA May 22 1,218,862 452,909 1,110,801 0.0405 0.0406 0.0408

VA May 23 1,147,769 421,967 1,048,606 0.0382 0.0378 0.0385

VA Jun 0 1,397,495 443,092 1,235,263 0.0346 0.0334 0.0341

VA Jun 1 1,327,255 410,390 1,162,803 0.0328 0.0309 0.0321

VA Jun 2 1,278,550 386,745 1,114,453 0.0316 0.0291 0.0308

VA Jun 3 1,271,890 382,365 1,108,061 0.0315 0.0288 0.0306

VA Jun 4 1,310,627 397,290 1,146,548 0.0324 0.0299 0.0317

VA Jun 5 1,398,242 435,155 1,228,045 0.0346 0.0328 0.0339

VA Jun 6 1,495,866 471,389 1,306,937 0.0370 0.0355 0.0361

VA Jun 7 1,600,863 513,334 1,404,233 0.0396 0.0387 0.0388

VA Jun 8 1,700,518 554,536 1,496,298 0.0421 0.0418 0.0413

VA Jun 9 1,790,807 591,290 1,586,098 0.0443 0.0445 0.0438

VA Jun 10 1,848,522 614,171 1,656,220 0.0457 0.0463 0.0457

VA Jun 11 1,887,068 631,219 1,710,038 0.0467 0.0476 0.0472

VA Jun 12 1,906,968 641,883 1,749,832 0.0472 0.0484 0.0483

VA Jun 13 1,923,519 648,826 1,770,567 0.0476 0.0489 0.0489

D-46

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 93 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix D

Actual 2002 State Level Monthly-Diurnal Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Hour [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Actual Reported Values [2002]

Calculated Ratios

VA Jun 14 1,927,468 651,916 1,778,766 0.0477 0.0491 0.0491

VA Jun 15 1,931,654 656,225 1,783,908 0.0478 0.0494 0.0493

VA Jun 16 1,925,274 656,042 1,781,177 0.0476 0.0494 0.0492

VA Jun 17 1,910,579 651,675 1,754,851 0.0473 0.0491 0.0485

VA Jun 18 1,880,003 639,257 1,708,902 0.0465 0.0482 0.0472

VA Jun 19 1,867,546 629,573 1,676,621 0.0462 0.0474 0.0463

VA Jun 20 1,853,464 625,447 1,654,206 0.0458 0.0471 0.0457

VA Jun 21 1,784,928 596,774 1,570,992 0.0441 0.0450 0.0434

VA Jun 22 1,674,345 547,840 1,465,449 0.0414 0.0413 0.0405

VA Jun 23 1,540,774 496,982 1,357,686 0.0381 0.0374 0.0375

VA Jul 0 1,738,779 538,400 1,560,424 0.0372 0.0359 0.0359

VA Jul 1 1,625,367 498,365 1,459,915 0.0348 0.0332 0.0336

VA Jul 2 1,551,236 468,148 1,386,096 0.0332 0.0312 0.0319

VA Jul 3 1,538,408 459,996 1,372,485 0.0329 0.0306 0.0316

VA Jul 4 1,576,187 474,633 1,412,899 0.0337 0.0316 0.0325

VA Jul 5 1,639,540 503,238 1,481,939 0.0351 0.0335 0.0341

VA Jul 6 1,693,447 523,681 1,528,950 0.0362 0.0349 0.0352

VA Jul 7 1,804,205 564,995 1,625,548 0.0386 0.0376 0.0374

VA Jul 8 1,921,147 614,906 1,740,732 0.0411 0.0410 0.0401

VA Jul 9 2,047,059 662,993 1,870,471 0.0438 0.0442 0.0430

VA Jul 10 2,113,607 692,843 1,969,526 0.0452 0.0462 0.0453

VA Jul 11 2,156,850 710,646 2,034,113 0.0461 0.0473 0.0468

VA Jul 12 2,169,969 717,075 2,085,421 0.0464 0.0478 0.0480

VA Jul 13 2,184,131 727,002 2,112,606 0.0467 0.0484 0.0486

VA Jul 14 2,175,525 725,200 2,114,597 0.0465 0.0483 0.0487

VA Jul 15 2,174,896 722,663 2,118,194 0.0465 0.0481 0.0487

VA Jul 16 2,166,576 721,456 2,117,406 0.0464 0.0481 0.0487

VA Jul 17 2,153,812 713,979 2,093,281 0.0461 0.0476 0.0482

VA Jul 18 2,127,855 699,628 2,034,501 0.0455 0.0466 0.0468

VA Jul 19 2,118,827 691,020 2,000,297 0.0453 0.0460 0.0460

VA Jul 20 2,119,353 690,686 1,973,226 0.0453 0.0460 0.0454

VA Jul 21 2,068,277 667,743 1,883,303 0.0442 0.0445 0.0433

VA Jul 22 1,985,229 629,328 1,783,692 0.0425 0.0419 0.0411

VA Jul 23 1,892,348 591,962 1,690,742 0.0405 0.0394 0.0389

VA Aug 0 1,869,122 566,252 1,611,217 0.0383 0.0366 0.0368

VA Aug 1 1,770,023 530,040 1,525,329 0.0363 0.0343 0.0348

VA Aug 2 1,691,266 500,687 1,455,173 0.0346 0.0324 0.0332

VA Aug 3 1,675,446 495,600 1,440,022 0.0343 0.0320 0.0329

VA Aug 4 1,709,086 504,668 1,474,981 0.0350 0.0326 0.0337

VA Aug 5 1,811,968 548,687 1,565,972 0.0371 0.0355 0.0358

VA Aug 6 1,864,223 570,743 1,610,359 0.0382 0.0369 0.0368

VA Aug 7 1,927,147 597,885 1,667,208 0.0395 0.0386 0.0381

VA Aug 8 2,026,347 640,451 1,762,032 0.0415 0.0414 0.0402

VA Aug 9 2,132,365 683,465 1,882,225 0.0437 0.0442 0.0430

VA Aug 10 2,189,968 708,981 1,970,167 0.0449 0.0458 0.0450

VA Aug 11 2,214,024 722,887 2,038,314 0.0453 0.0467 0.0465

VA Aug 12 2,228,353 729,285 2,087,813 0.0456 0.0471 0.0477

VA Aug 13 2,239,713 735,915 2,114,598 0.0459 0.0476 0.0483

VA Aug 14 2,233,013 735,928 2,118,959 0.0457 0.0476 0.0484

VA Aug 15 2,240,896 741,005 2,127,267 0.0459 0.0479 0.0486

VA Aug 16 2,232,515 735,891 2,112,344 0.0457 0.0476 0.0482

VA Aug 17 2,219,245 728,152 2,083,159 0.0455 0.0471 0.0476

VA Aug 18 2,179,915 709,548 2,013,656 0.0446 0.0459 0.0460

D-47

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 94 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix D

Actual 2002 State Level Monthly-Diurnal Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Hour [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Actual Reported Values [2002]

Calculated Ratios

VA Aug 19 2,176,270 705,356 1,980,929 0.0446 0.0456 0.0452

VA Aug 20 2,149,798 695,186 1,924,909 0.0440 0.0449 0.0439

VA Aug 21 2,089,053 663,648 1,820,277 0.0428 0.0429 0.0416

VA Aug 22 2,009,321 625,344 1,739,811 0.0412 0.0404 0.0397

VA Aug 23 1,945,406 597,840 1,675,872 0.0398 0.0386 0.0383

VA Sep 0 1,441,293 453,438 1,191,408 0.0374 0.0356 0.0368

VA Sep 1 1,373,736 430,714 1,140,404 0.0356 0.0338 0.0352

VA Sep 2 1,331,167 413,971 1,102,235 0.0345 0.0325 0.0340

VA Sep 3 1,333,267 413,374 1,102,619 0.0346 0.0325 0.0340

VA Sep 4 1,389,343 431,321 1,145,949 0.0360 0.0339 0.0354

VA Sep 5 1,494,999 480,393 1,237,255 0.0388 0.0377 0.0382

VA Sep 6 1,529,036 498,769 1,269,575 0.0396 0.0392 0.0392

VA Sep 7 1,560,168 514,607 1,301,916 0.0404 0.0404 0.0402

VA Sep 8 1,611,696 533,108 1,347,058 0.0418 0.0419 0.0416

VA Sep 9 1,674,599 559,003 1,401,255 0.0434 0.0439 0.0433

VA Sep 10 1,701,371 572,026 1,432,931 0.0441 0.0449 0.0442

VA Sep 11 1,724,516 582,023 1,456,658 0.0447 0.0457 0.0450

VA Sep 12 1,734,545 588,564 1,475,368 0.0450 0.0462 0.0455

VA Sep 13 1,746,074 596,034 1,493,022 0.0453 0.0468 0.0461

VA Sep 14 1,745,378 595,458 1,499,485 0.0452 0.0467 0.0463

VA Sep 15 1,760,129 600,202 1,512,952 0.0456 0.0471 0.0467

VA Sep 16 1,750,973 597,119 1,505,446 0.0454 0.0469 0.0465

VA Sep 17 1,739,990 590,786 1,485,986 0.0451 0.0464 0.0459

VA Sep 18 1,733,578 585,300 1,466,840 0.0449 0.0460 0.0453

VA Sep 19 1,748,668 592,387 1,472,470 0.0453 0.0465 0.0455

VA Sep 20 1,715,018 577,989 1,438,203 0.0445 0.0454 0.0444

VA Sep 21 1,645,660 547,575 1,369,655 0.0427 0.0430 0.0423

VA Sep 22 1,581,120 508,940 1,303,840 0.0410 0.0400 0.0403

VA Sep 23 1,509,011 474,525 1,240,731 0.0391 0.0373 0.0383

VA Oct 0 1,221,781 405,730 1,026,446 0.0361 0.0342 0.0360

VA Oct 1 1,166,433 387,319 990,460 0.0344 0.0327 0.0347

VA Oct 2 1,140,794 378,566 972,622 0.0337 0.0319 0.0341

VA Oct 3 1,160,122 384,134 985,395 0.0343 0.0324 0.0345

VA Oct 4 1,242,765 415,598 1,043,253 0.0367 0.0351 0.0366

VA Oct 5 1,356,444 468,870 1,134,250 0.0400 0.0396 0.0397

VA Oct 6 1,415,398 497,074 1,180,074 0.0418 0.0419 0.0414

VA Oct 7 1,442,788 511,947 1,202,382 0.0426 0.0432 0.0421

VA Oct 8 1,464,098 519,804 1,221,570 0.0432 0.0439 0.0428

VA Oct 9 1,484,481 527,100 1,236,826 0.0438 0.0445 0.0433

VA Oct 10 1,493,670 529,323 1,257,436 0.0441 0.0447 0.0441

VA Oct 11 1,500,217 533,391 1,272,612 0.0443 0.0450 0.0446

VA Oct 12 1,506,866 535,891 1,283,639 0.0445 0.0452 0.0450

VA Oct 13 1,503,493 534,275 1,278,132 0.0444 0.0451 0.0448

VA Oct 14 1,489,453 530,463 1,269,255 0.0440 0.0448 0.0445

VA Oct 15 1,504,898 533,922 1,276,238 0.0444 0.0451 0.0447

VA Oct 16 1,505,924 534,017 1,280,487 0.0445 0.0451 0.0449

VA Oct 17 1,534,643 545,454 1,297,310 0.0453 0.0460 0.0455

VA Oct 18 1,547,227 551,891 1,307,433 0.0457 0.0466 0.0458

VA Oct 19 1,544,313 551,759 1,300,798 0.0456 0.0466 0.0456

VA Oct 20 1,517,573 541,240 1,270,167 0.0448 0.0457 0.0445

VA Oct 21 1,456,750 517,452 1,214,843 0.0430 0.0437 0.0426

VA Oct 22 1,371,855 474,149 1,145,336 0.0405 0.0400 0.0401

VA Oct 23 1,298,679 440,807 1,090,117 0.0383 0.0372 0.0382

D-48

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 95 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix D

Actual 2002 State Level Monthly-Diurnal Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Hour [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Actual Reported Values [2002]

Calculated Ratios

VA Nov 0 1,346,748 459,200 1,150,618 0.0380 0.0370 0.0385

VA Nov 1 1,284,143 434,306 1,101,450 0.0362 0.0350 0.0369

VA Nov 2 1,265,761 425,988 1,084,782 0.0357 0.0343 0.0363

VA Nov 3 1,288,920 432,073 1,100,391 0.0363 0.0348 0.0368

VA Nov 4 1,316,994 441,875 1,119,993 0.0371 0.0356 0.0375

VA Nov 5 1,403,047 481,014 1,188,526 0.0396 0.0387 0.0398

VA Nov 6 1,488,053 522,859 1,254,477 0.0419 0.0421 0.0420

VA Nov 7 1,532,338 546,440 1,289,619 0.0432 0.0440 0.0432

VA Nov 8 1,545,741 552,814 1,299,845 0.0436 0.0445 0.0435

VA Nov 9 1,564,025 557,509 1,310,789 0.0441 0.0449 0.0439

VA Nov 10 1,561,776 553,622 1,308,086 0.0440 0.0446 0.0438

VA Nov 11 1,547,040 546,267 1,289,361 0.0436 0.0440 0.0431

VA Nov 12 1,529,504 537,425 1,273,837 0.0431 0.0433 0.0426

VA Nov 13 1,504,168 525,938 1,258,230 0.0424 0.0423 0.0421

VA Nov 14 1,475,387 513,798 1,237,805 0.0416 0.0414 0.0414

VA Nov 15 1,470,236 510,335 1,232,782 0.0414 0.0411 0.0412

VA Nov 16 1,502,506 527,752 1,259,292 0.0424 0.0425 0.0421

VA Nov 17 1,579,638 563,577 1,327,338 0.0445 0.0454 0.0444

VA Nov 18 1,608,098 580,411 1,350,672 0.0453 0.0467 0.0452

VA Nov 19 1,605,564 576,425 1,346,058 0.0453 0.0464 0.0450

VA Nov 20 1,585,664 565,149 1,330,345 0.0447 0.0455 0.0445

VA Nov 21 1,553,960 551,946 1,304,971 0.0438 0.0444 0.0437

VA Nov 22 1,486,684 523,280 1,255,853 0.0419 0.0421 0.0420

VA Nov 23 1,427,128 493,496 1,211,354 0.0402 0.0397 0.0405

VA Dec 0 1,752,992 596,011 1,430,870 0.0391 0.0385 0.0391

VA Dec 1 1,660,775 560,462 1,364,181 0.0370 0.0362 0.0373

VA Dec 2 1,630,683 546,098 1,343,121 0.0364 0.0353 0.0367

VA Dec 3 1,634,996 547,799 1,345,334 0.0365 0.0354 0.0368

VA Dec 4 1,672,277 561,026 1,369,551 0.0373 0.0362 0.0374

VA Dec 5 1,772,406 599,408 1,442,270 0.0395 0.0387 0.0394

VA Dec 6 1,879,874 642,755 1,527,259 0.0419 0.0415 0.0417

VA Dec 7 1,939,570 673,122 1,587,201 0.0433 0.0435 0.0434

VA Dec 8 1,959,012 686,691 1,608,093 0.0437 0.0444 0.0440

VA Dec 9 1,959,083 686,457 1,601,157 0.0437 0.0444 0.0438

VA Dec 10 1,944,859 677,174 1,588,688 0.0434 0.0438 0.0434

VA Dec 11 1,923,095 666,093 1,560,100 0.0429 0.0430 0.0426

VA Dec 12 1,894,389 652,835 1,534,593 0.0422 0.0422 0.0419

VA Dec 13 1,877,733 644,574 1,516,367 0.0419 0.0416 0.0414

VA Dec 14 1,854,241 632,723 1,496,169 0.0414 0.0409 0.0409

VA Dec 15 1,838,390 628,026 1,488,006 0.0410 0.0406 0.0407

VA Dec 16 1,884,334 647,311 1,531,248 0.0420 0.0418 0.0419

VA Dec 17 1,995,799 703,152 1,639,545 0.0445 0.0454 0.0448

VA Dec 18 2,008,396 712,884 1,651,185 0.0448 0.0461 0.0451

VA Dec 19 2,013,772 712,139 1,648,060 0.0449 0.0460 0.0450

VA Dec 20 2,005,900 709,037 1,637,546 0.0447 0.0458 0.0448

VA Dec 21 1,986,146 698,568 1,620,807 0.0443 0.0451 0.0443

VA Dec 22 1,912,307 663,003 1,556,698 0.0426 0.0428 0.0426

VA Dec 23 1,838,374 629,883 1,495,088 0.0410 0.0407 0.0409

WV Jan 0 3,586,286 1,489,559 2,975,721 0.0370 0.0354 0.0376

WV Jan 1 3,506,867 1,439,034 2,901,910 0.0362 0.0342 0.0367

WV Jan 2 3,468,517 1,422,624 2,875,801 0.0358 0.0338 0.0364

WV Jan 3 3,456,105 1,415,775 2,856,734 0.0357 0.0337 0.0361

WV Jan 4 3,502,022 1,434,796 2,891,945 0.0361 0.0341 0.0366

D-49

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 96 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix D

Actual 2002 State Level Monthly-Diurnal Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Hour [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Actual Reported Values [2002]

Calculated Ratios

WV Jan 5 3,645,809 1,500,327 2,992,132 0.0376 0.0357 0.0378

WV Jan 6 3,977,151 1,680,028 3,228,492 0.0410 0.0400 0.0408

WV Jan 7 4,251,989 1,855,463 3,430,492 0.0439 0.0441 0.0434

WV Jan 8 4,343,136 1,912,455 3,491,370 0.0448 0.0455 0.0441

WV Jan 9 4,389,086 1,921,035 3,505,236 0.0453 0.0457 0.0443

WV Jan 10 4,387,288 1,926,571 3,506,307 0.0453 0.0458 0.0443

WV Jan 11 4,320,628 1,903,047 3,476,671 0.0446 0.0453 0.0440

WV Jan 12 4,272,325 1,877,152 3,446,545 0.0441 0.0446 0.0436

WV Jan 13 4,221,505 1,850,243 3,412,924 0.0435 0.0440 0.0432

WV Jan 14 4,148,881 1,813,653 3,372,611 0.0428 0.0431 0.0426

WV Jan 15 4,095,634 1,785,330 3,341,710 0.0422 0.0425 0.0423

WV Jan 16 4,105,341 1,806,571 3,373,654 0.0423 0.0430 0.0427

WV Jan 17 4,229,481 1,883,758 3,468,947 0.0436 0.0448 0.0439

WV Jan 18 4,370,183 1,989,261 3,580,114 0.0451 0.0473 0.0453

WV Jan 19 4,362,026 1,974,348 3,566,426 0.0450 0.0470 0.0451

WV Jan 20 4,346,352 1,956,219 3,543,898 0.0448 0.0465 0.0448

WV Jan 21 4,244,400 1,891,439 3,463,041 0.0438 0.0450 0.0438

WV Jan 22 3,991,991 1,741,388 3,298,390 0.0412 0.0414 0.0417

WV Jan 23 3,721,790 1,574,365 3,091,779 0.0384 0.0374 0.0391

WV Feb 0 3,083,613 1,471,681 2,904,706 0.0376 0.0366 0.0385

WV Feb 1 2,996,658 1,415,433 2,826,998 0.0365 0.0352 0.0375

WV Feb 2 2,971,783 1,396,334 2,800,408 0.0362 0.0347 0.0372

WV Feb 3 2,969,671 1,393,637 2,789,493 0.0362 0.0346 0.0370

WV Feb 4 3,011,920 1,416,134 2,824,109 0.0367 0.0352 0.0375

WV Feb 5 3,169,650 1,499,630 2,941,708 0.0386 0.0373 0.0390

WV Feb 6 3,437,383 1,658,982 3,134,188 0.0419 0.0412 0.0416

WV Feb 7 3,590,158 1,781,802 3,264,536 0.0437 0.0443 0.0433

WV Feb 8 3,638,972 1,819,065 3,304,548 0.0443 0.0452 0.0438

WV Feb 9 3,662,841 1,826,984 3,305,017 0.0446 0.0454 0.0439

WV Feb 10 3,666,484 1,830,416 3,314,530 0.0446 0.0455 0.0440

WV Feb 11 3,614,578 1,797,916 3,279,293 0.0440 0.0447 0.0435

WV Feb 12 3,551,743 1,769,981 3,245,013 0.0433 0.0440 0.0431

WV Feb 13 3,512,984 1,741,132 3,209,913 0.0428 0.0433 0.0426

WV Feb 14 3,463,896 1,701,745 3,168,050 0.0422 0.0423 0.0420

WV Feb 15 3,405,978 1,672,774 3,134,443 0.0415 0.0416 0.0416

WV Feb 16 3,424,571 1,683,824 3,153,904 0.0417 0.0418 0.0418

WV Feb 17 3,504,989 1,720,579 3,208,870 0.0427 0.0428 0.0426

WV Feb 18 3,641,381 1,821,793 3,323,895 0.0443 0.0453 0.0441

WV Feb 19 3,697,271 1,853,339 3,351,977 0.0450 0.0461 0.0445

WV Feb 20 3,691,280 1,845,789 3,343,727 0.0449 0.0459 0.0444

WV Feb 21 3,637,796 1,810,063 3,298,193 0.0443 0.0450 0.0438

WV Feb 22 3,507,924 1,724,596 3,199,695 0.0427 0.0429 0.0425

WV Feb 23 3,266,332 1,582,764 3,036,081 0.0398 0.0393 0.0403

WV Mar 0 2,956,020 1,403,742 2,803,600 0.0368 0.0356 0.0376

WV Mar 1 2,849,280 1,343,894 2,709,083 0.0355 0.0341 0.0363

WV Mar 2 2,796,725 1,326,060 2,681,699 0.0348 0.0336 0.0359

WV Mar 3 2,788,370 1,318,662 2,669,770 0.0347 0.0334 0.0358

WV Mar 4 2,845,587 1,343,066 2,714,269 0.0355 0.0340 0.0364

WV Mar 5 3,023,839 1,436,532 2,855,425 0.0377 0.0364 0.0382

WV Mar 6 3,303,618 1,588,719 3,066,327 0.0412 0.0403 0.0411

WV Mar 7 3,469,616 1,694,879 3,201,030 0.0432 0.0430 0.0429

WV Mar 8 3,550,028 1,755,713 3,274,699 0.0442 0.0445 0.0439

WV Mar 9 3,613,065 1,799,740 3,322,001 0.0450 0.0456 0.0445

D-50

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 97 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix D

Actual 2002 State Level Monthly-Diurnal Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Hour [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Actual Reported Values [2002]

Calculated Ratios

WV Mar 10 3,645,075 1,823,212 3,347,426 0.0454 0.0462 0.0448

WV Mar 11 3,638,241 1,826,686 3,338,051 0.0453 0.0463 0.0447

WV Mar 12 3,597,759 1,798,797 3,303,456 0.0448 0.0456 0.0442

WV Mar 13 3,537,428 1,759,681 3,263,295 0.0441 0.0446 0.0437

WV Mar 14 3,467,033 1,718,721 3,211,202 0.0432 0.0436 0.0430

WV Mar 15 3,401,963 1,684,003 3,167,015 0.0424 0.0427 0.0424

WV Mar 16 3,412,637 1,694,361 3,168,540 0.0425 0.0430 0.0424

WV Mar 17 3,455,603 1,720,419 3,204,943 0.0431 0.0436 0.0429

WV Mar 18 3,581,695 1,787,495 3,295,887 0.0446 0.0453 0.0441

WV Mar 19 3,690,924 1,873,467 3,387,225 0.0460 0.0475 0.0454

WV Mar 20 3,663,641 1,851,403 3,357,474 0.0456 0.0469 0.0450

WV Mar 21 3,566,306 1,788,110 3,284,756 0.0444 0.0453 0.0440

WV Mar 22 3,338,283 1,639,235 3,118,799 0.0416 0.0416 0.0418

WV Mar 23 3,072,820 1,472,966 2,909,247 0.0383 0.0373 0.0390

WV Apr 0 2,516,974 1,212,084 2,347,023 0.0341 0.0333 0.0357

WV Apr 1 2,431,013 1,171,024 2,278,118 0.0330 0.0322 0.0346

WV Apr 2 2,409,717 1,163,540 2,265,763 0.0327 0.0320 0.0345

WV Apr 3 2,428,017 1,162,503 2,268,626 0.0329 0.0320 0.0345

WV Apr 4 2,527,131 1,198,798 2,337,792 0.0343 0.0330 0.0355

WV Apr 5 2,799,484 1,334,513 2,534,850 0.0379 0.0367 0.0385

WV Apr 6 3,057,971 1,486,151 2,713,532 0.0415 0.0409 0.0413

WV Apr 7 3,205,894 1,584,380 2,827,670 0.0435 0.0436 0.0430

WV Apr 8 3,300,511 1,645,098 2,910,730 0.0447 0.0453 0.0443

WV Apr 9 3,371,940 1,689,883 2,966,807 0.0457 0.0465 0.0451

WV Apr 10 3,407,597 1,711,419 2,989,164 0.0462 0.0471 0.0454

WV Apr 11 3,391,609 1,708,707 2,984,424 0.0460 0.0470 0.0454

WV Apr 12 3,393,566 1,707,990 2,980,706 0.0460 0.0470 0.0453

WV Apr 13 3,381,808 1,705,171 2,966,171 0.0458 0.0469 0.0451

WV Apr 14 3,346,414 1,681,908 2,943,156 0.0454 0.0463 0.0448

WV Apr 15 3,320,437 1,669,943 2,930,846 0.0450 0.0459 0.0446

WV Apr 16 3,275,077 1,634,232 2,894,929 0.0444 0.0450 0.0440

WV Apr 17 3,259,107 1,612,599 2,877,690 0.0442 0.0444 0.0438

WV Apr 18 3,283,364 1,626,920 2,896,021 0.0445 0.0448 0.0440

WV Apr 19 3,374,748 1,679,820 2,960,309 0.0457 0.0462 0.0450

WV Apr 20 3,395,888 1,686,318 2,971,513 0.0460 0.0464 0.0452

WV Apr 21 3,223,879 1,569,046 2,830,404 0.0437 0.0432 0.0430

WV Apr 22 2,950,082 1,417,057 2,626,803 0.0400 0.0390 0.0399

WV Apr 23 2,719,084 1,295,703 2,465,436 0.0369 0.0356 0.0375

WV May 0 2,707,290 1,020,566 2,559,576 0.0348 0.0344 0.0359

WV May 1 2,628,441 981,055 2,496,649 0.0338 0.0330 0.0350

WV May 2 2,587,332 968,612 2,461,722 0.0333 0.0326 0.0345

WV May 3 2,617,594 974,162 2,480,275 0.0337 0.0328 0.0347

WV May 4 2,750,964 1,031,270 2,582,779 0.0354 0.0347 0.0362

WV May 5 2,988,524 1,130,152 2,756,540 0.0384 0.0381 0.0386

WV May 6 3,208,377 1,224,083 2,921,207 0.0413 0.0412 0.0409

WV May 7 3,338,313 1,294,564 3,033,967 0.0429 0.0436 0.0425

WV May 8 3,457,856 1,335,852 3,123,813 0.0445 0.0450 0.0438

WV May 9 3,536,570 1,355,206 3,186,053 0.0455 0.0456 0.0446

WV May 10 3,554,063 1,368,494 3,217,968 0.0457 0.0461 0.0451

WV May 11 3,535,694 1,366,110 3,211,219 0.0455 0.0460 0.0450

WV May 12 3,524,564 1,368,190 3,212,666 0.0453 0.0461 0.0450

WV May 13 3,498,012 1,345,225 3,177,331 0.0450 0.0453 0.0445

WV May 14 3,510,508 1,343,687 3,182,755 0.0452 0.0452 0.0446

D-51

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 98 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix D

Actual 2002 State Level Monthly-Diurnal Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Hour [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Actual Reported Values [2002]

Calculated Ratios

WV May 15 3,525,475 1,352,447 3,194,660 0.0453 0.0455 0.0447

WV May 16 3,513,171 1,347,149 3,192,495 0.0452 0.0454 0.0447

WV May 17 3,479,267 1,337,554 3,171,058 0.0447 0.0450 0.0444

WV May 18 3,454,200 1,327,411 3,155,351 0.0444 0.0447 0.0442

WV May 19 3,484,602 1,333,989 3,175,696 0.0448 0.0449 0.0445

WV May 20 3,520,461 1,351,418 3,203,979 0.0453 0.0455 0.0449

WV May 21 3,372,448 1,282,601 3,095,328 0.0434 0.0432 0.0434

WV May 22 3,102,337 1,176,136 2,894,819 0.0399 0.0396 0.0405

WV May 23 2,854,686 1,084,922 2,702,630 0.0367 0.0365 0.0379

WV Jun 0 2,843,469 1,152,973 2,753,778 0.0349 0.0346 0.0360

WV Jun 1 2,726,373 1,097,574 2,644,370 0.0335 0.0330 0.0346

WV Jun 2 2,618,664 1,060,356 2,559,837 0.0322 0.0319 0.0335

WV Jun 3 2,597,860 1,051,368 2,533,191 0.0319 0.0316 0.0331

WV Jun 4 2,650,707 1,077,889 2,586,631 0.0325 0.0324 0.0338

WV Jun 5 2,771,076 1,132,722 2,701,065 0.0340 0.0340 0.0353

WV Jun 6 2,984,091 1,222,075 2,883,981 0.0366 0.0367 0.0377

WV Jun 7 3,229,224 1,322,822 3,084,170 0.0396 0.0397 0.0403

WV Jun 8 3,444,511 1,409,967 3,236,957 0.0423 0.0424 0.0423

WV Jun 9 3,595,116 1,481,520 3,356,516 0.0441 0.0445 0.0439

WV Jun 10 3,701,838 1,522,116 3,437,688 0.0455 0.0457 0.0449

WV Jun 11 3,781,442 1,559,595 3,509,835 0.0464 0.0469 0.0459

WV Jun 12 3,814,628 1,572,730 3,544,776 0.0468 0.0473 0.0463

WV Jun 13 3,809,153 1,569,311 3,547,716 0.0468 0.0472 0.0464

WV Jun 14 3,830,303 1,577,459 3,555,127 0.0470 0.0474 0.0465

WV Jun 15 3,815,668 1,575,585 3,551,631 0.0469 0.0473 0.0464

WV Jun 16 3,837,647 1,579,964 3,551,755 0.0471 0.0475 0.0464

WV Jun 17 3,827,331 1,575,908 3,531,529 0.0470 0.0474 0.0462

WV Jun 18 3,824,669 1,565,305 3,516,672 0.0470 0.0470 0.0460

WV Jun 19 3,801,976 1,544,178 3,485,066 0.0467 0.0464 0.0456

WV Jun 20 3,822,383 1,539,705 3,488,072 0.0469 0.0463 0.0456

WV Jun 21 3,664,460 1,482,015 3,378,299 0.0450 0.0445 0.0442

WV Jun 22 3,386,760 1,371,539 3,154,797 0.0416 0.0412 0.0412

WV Jun 23 3,064,083 1,236,755 2,901,197 0.0376 0.0372 0.0379

WV Jul 0 3,397,815 1,351,534 3,196,171 0.0366 0.0364 0.0375

WV Jul 1 3,252,067 1,299,799 3,091,026 0.0351 0.0350 0.0362

WV Jul 2 3,152,459 1,262,576 3,015,795 0.0340 0.0340 0.0353

WV Jul 3 3,119,567 1,235,049 2,974,803 0.0336 0.0332 0.0349

WV Jul 4 3,158,978 1,252,745 3,002,539 0.0341 0.0337 0.0352

WV Jul 5 3,265,984 1,287,349 3,083,114 0.0352 0.0346 0.0361

WV Jul 6 3,412,627 1,355,566 3,185,911 0.0368 0.0365 0.0373

WV Jul 7 3,645,945 1,461,311 3,383,432 0.0393 0.0393 0.0397

WV Jul 8 3,886,415 1,556,538 3,554,072 0.0419 0.0419 0.0417

WV Jul 9 4,070,545 1,628,778 3,697,547 0.0439 0.0438 0.0433

WV Jul 10 4,174,422 1,678,715 3,794,163 0.0450 0.0452 0.0445

WV Jul 11 4,216,840 1,699,266 3,824,864 0.0455 0.0457 0.0448

WV Jul 12 4,232,083 1,703,997 3,847,949 0.0456 0.0458 0.0451

WV Jul 13 4,263,637 1,717,091 3,878,062 0.0460 0.0462 0.0455

WV Jul 14 4,284,548 1,730,452 3,898,551 0.0462 0.0465 0.0457

WV Jul 15 4,266,411 1,726,522 3,886,680 0.0460 0.0464 0.0456

WV Jul 16 4,310,280 1,737,883 3,907,327 0.0465 0.0467 0.0458

WV Jul 17 4,298,259 1,735,019 3,893,392 0.0464 0.0467 0.0456

WV Jul 18 4,270,704 1,721,917 3,863,670 0.0461 0.0463 0.0453

WV Jul 19 4,206,882 1,698,798 3,807,381 0.0454 0.0457 0.0446

D-52

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 99 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix D

Actual 2002 State Level Monthly-Diurnal Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Hour [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Actual Reported Values [2002]

Calculated Ratios

WV Jul 20 4,216,411 1,688,204 3,813,857 0.0455 0.0454 0.0447

WV Jul 21 4,109,330 1,642,771 3,750,329 0.0443 0.0442 0.0440

WV Jul 22 3,903,083 1,561,544 3,595,662 0.0421 0.0420 0.0421

WV Jul 23 3,606,254 1,441,272 3,376,472 0.0389 0.0388 0.0396

WV Aug 0 3,321,408 1,267,632 2,979,735 0.0366 0.0363 0.0372

WV Aug 1 3,224,037 1,227,882 2,906,303 0.0355 0.0352 0.0363

WV Aug 2 3,103,798 1,189,181 2,830,579 0.0342 0.0340 0.0354

WV Aug 3 3,051,056 1,172,137 2,796,757 0.0336 0.0336 0.0349

WV Aug 4 3,109,025 1,198,934 2,839,560 0.0343 0.0343 0.0355

WV Aug 5 3,234,711 1,244,919 2,938,801 0.0356 0.0356 0.0367

WV Aug 6 3,386,692 1,300,705 3,035,359 0.0373 0.0372 0.0379

WV Aug 7 3,619,032 1,373,365 3,196,950 0.0399 0.0393 0.0399

WV Aug 8 3,824,375 1,440,371 3,341,468 0.0421 0.0412 0.0418

WV Aug 9 3,964,546 1,502,325 3,460,676 0.0437 0.0430 0.0432

WV Aug 10 4,066,747 1,556,919 3,560,168 0.0448 0.0446 0.0445

WV Aug 11 4,133,222 1,603,039 3,636,996 0.0455 0.0459 0.0454

WV Aug 12 4,179,451 1,629,659 3,682,605 0.0460 0.0467 0.0460

WV Aug 13 4,172,028 1,631,044 3,676,060 0.0460 0.0467 0.0459

WV Aug 14 4,196,846 1,633,652 3,676,364 0.0462 0.0468 0.0459

WV Aug 15 4,220,257 1,640,023 3,673,741 0.0465 0.0470 0.0459

WV Aug 16 4,232,450 1,645,270 3,673,424 0.0466 0.0471 0.0459

WV Aug 17 4,197,859 1,626,913 3,644,753 0.0462 0.0466 0.0455

WV Aug 18 4,141,932 1,602,043 3,596,560 0.0456 0.0459 0.0449

WV Aug 19 4,134,746 1,594,540 3,571,720 0.0456 0.0457 0.0446

WV Aug 20 4,130,351 1,592,291 3,563,911 0.0455 0.0456 0.0445

WV Aug 21 3,947,237 1,514,010 3,435,941 0.0435 0.0433 0.0429

WV Aug 22 3,726,104 1,424,841 3,255,475 0.0411 0.0408 0.0407

WV Aug 23 3,449,532 1,316,101 3,051,240 0.0380 0.0377 0.0381

WV Sep 0 2,641,922 1,070,453 2,419,773 0.0348 0.0343 0.0360

WV Sep 1 2,558,375 1,038,903 2,359,312 0.0337 0.0333 0.0351

WV Sep 2 2,525,429 1,021,458 2,318,669 0.0332 0.0327 0.0345

WV Sep 3 2,494,438 1,014,077 2,312,561 0.0328 0.0325 0.0344

WV Sep 4 2,593,714 1,052,523 2,391,523 0.0341 0.0337 0.0356

WV Sep 5 2,844,069 1,151,502 2,555,935 0.0374 0.0369 0.0380

WV Sep 6 3,000,826 1,220,351 2,652,239 0.0395 0.0391 0.0395

WV Sep 7 3,099,292 1,263,999 2,726,877 0.0408 0.0405 0.0406

WV Sep 8 3,231,758 1,305,316 2,807,726 0.0425 0.0418 0.0418

WV Sep 9 3,326,189 1,353,136 2,888,422 0.0438 0.0433 0.0430

WV Sep 10 3,395,390 1,396,807 2,948,903 0.0447 0.0447 0.0439

WV Sep 11 3,461,605 1,424,919 3,005,414 0.0456 0.0456 0.0447

WV Sep 12 3,479,595 1,446,803 3,034,151 0.0458 0.0463 0.0452

WV Sep 13 3,511,704 1,462,581 3,063,096 0.0462 0.0468 0.0456

WV Sep 14 3,506,242 1,468,555 3,073,539 0.0461 0.0470 0.0457

WV Sep 15 3,500,360 1,476,395 3,080,994 0.0461 0.0473 0.0459

WV Sep 16 3,524,947 1,488,834 3,098,448 0.0464 0.0477 0.0461

WV Sep 17 3,498,796 1,464,378 3,071,309 0.0460 0.0469 0.0457

WV Sep 18 3,502,274 1,446,004 3,054,264 0.0461 0.0463 0.0455

WV Sep 19 3,532,304 1,451,761 3,067,918 0.0465 0.0465 0.0457

WV Sep 20 3,487,174 1,426,238 3,027,826 0.0459 0.0457 0.0451

WV Sep 21 3,315,771 1,350,538 2,900,224 0.0436 0.0433 0.0432

WV Sep 22 3,104,899 1,265,740 2,753,717 0.0409 0.0405 0.0410

WV Sep 23 2,844,727 1,159,438 2,572,096 0.0374 0.0371 0.0383

WV Oct 0 3,026,493 1,406,807 2,717,153 0.0357 0.0343 0.0368

D-53

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 100 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix D

Actual 2002 State Level Monthly-Diurnal Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Hour [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Actual Reported Values [2002]

Calculated Ratios

WV Oct 1 2,928,313 1,362,009 2,645,418 0.0345 0.0332 0.0358

WV Oct 2 2,887,608 1,346,647 2,616,803 0.0341 0.0328 0.0354

WV Oct 3 2,899,205 1,346,799 2,623,332 0.0342 0.0328 0.0355

WV Oct 4 3,028,647 1,402,439 2,719,299 0.0357 0.0342 0.0368

WV Oct 5 3,313,783 1,552,023 2,912,582 0.0391 0.0379 0.0394

WV Oct 6 3,542,744 1,690,580 3,076,942 0.0418 0.0412 0.0417

WV Oct 7 3,665,917 1,759,230 3,168,877 0.0432 0.0429 0.0429

WV Oct 8 3,751,272 1,825,970 3,226,123 0.0442 0.0445 0.0437

WV Oct 9 3,805,809 1,846,873 3,244,787 0.0449 0.0450 0.0439

WV Oct 10 3,813,050 1,856,289 3,258,150 0.0450 0.0453 0.0441

WV Oct 11 3,839,575 1,862,838 3,272,732 0.0453 0.0454 0.0443

WV Oct 12 3,823,911 1,866,040 3,275,905 0.0451 0.0455 0.0444

WV Oct 13 3,780,486 1,857,643 3,259,377 0.0446 0.0453 0.0441

WV Oct 14 3,746,790 1,831,179 3,231,209 0.0442 0.0447 0.0438

WV Oct 15 3,727,943 1,828,023 3,227,163 0.0440 0.0446 0.0437

WV Oct 16 3,714,988 1,836,090 3,224,183 0.0438 0.0448 0.0437

WV Oct 17 3,766,728 1,869,558 3,258,145 0.0444 0.0456 0.0441

WV Oct 18 3,868,885 1,944,068 3,329,026 0.0456 0.0474 0.0451

WV Oct 19 3,861,941 1,933,684 3,323,673 0.0456 0.0472 0.0450

WV Oct 20 3,823,490 1,885,927 3,284,109 0.0451 0.0460 0.0445

WV Oct 21 3,631,118 1,768,538 3,154,327 0.0428 0.0431 0.0427

WV Oct 22 3,378,765 1,625,898 2,983,326 0.0399 0.0397 0.0404

WV Oct 23 3,148,807 1,494,091 2,821,278 0.0371 0.0364 0.0382

WV Nov 0 3,117,338 1,470,760 2,731,864 0.0363 0.0352 0.0374

WV Nov 1 3,016,171 1,412,455 2,657,397 0.0351 0.0338 0.0364

WV Nov 2 2,979,990 1,392,134 2,626,885 0.0347 0.0333 0.0360

WV Nov 3 2,989,420 1,396,337 2,632,487 0.0348 0.0334 0.0360

WV Nov 4 3,019,868 1,411,782 2,655,631 0.0352 0.0338 0.0364

WV Nov 5 3,177,773 1,493,500 2,774,932 0.0370 0.0357 0.0380

WV Nov 6 3,495,104 1,683,124 2,987,267 0.0407 0.0403 0.0409

WV Nov 7 3,726,505 1,833,926 3,148,278 0.0434 0.0439 0.0431

WV Nov 8 3,834,074 1,904,575 3,220,382 0.0447 0.0456 0.0441

WV Nov 9 3,865,251 1,914,186 3,236,778 0.0450 0.0458 0.0443

WV Nov 10 3,883,450 1,921,247 3,236,826 0.0452 0.0460 0.0443

WV Nov 11 3,839,198 1,891,371 3,204,364 0.0447 0.0453 0.0439

WV Nov 12 3,778,574 1,843,919 3,161,839 0.0440 0.0441 0.0433

WV Nov 13 3,710,360 1,814,446 3,123,297 0.0432 0.0434 0.0428

WV Nov 14 3,656,231 1,784,789 3,092,715 0.0426 0.0427 0.0424

WV Nov 15 3,629,587 1,773,938 3,084,549 0.0423 0.0424 0.0422

WV Nov 16 3,660,121 1,791,718 3,109,393 0.0426 0.0429 0.0426

WV Nov 17 3,836,771 1,897,202 3,228,241 0.0447 0.0454 0.0442

WV Nov 18 3,952,885 1,979,057 3,314,698 0.0461 0.0474 0.0454

WV Nov 19 3,924,541 1,964,754 3,300,521 0.0457 0.0470 0.0452

WV Nov 20 3,909,736 1,952,816 3,283,265 0.0456 0.0467 0.0450

WV Nov 21 3,832,696 1,902,314 3,230,112 0.0447 0.0455 0.0442

WV Nov 22 3,601,756 1,754,154 3,069,819 0.0420 0.0420 0.0420

WV Nov 23 3,389,068 1,611,143 2,913,834 0.0395 0.0385 0.0399

WV Dec 0 3,404,522 1,601,479 3,011,458 0.0371 0.0360 0.0380

WV Dec 1 3,286,612 1,533,057 2,921,867 0.0358 0.0345 0.0369

WV Dec 2 3,232,262 1,508,155 2,877,148 0.0352 0.0339 0.0363

WV Dec 3 3,210,231 1,505,642 2,868,508 0.0350 0.0338 0.0362

WV Dec 4 3,264,787 1,533,576 2,908,406 0.0355 0.0345 0.0367

WV Dec 5 3,420,375 1,609,406 3,007,631 0.0372 0.0362 0.0380

D-54

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 101 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix D

Actual 2002 State Level Monthly-Diurnal Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Hour [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Actual Reported Values [2002]

Calculated Ratios

WV Dec 6 3,697,969 1,783,014 3,198,789 0.0403 0.0401 0.0404

WV Dec 7 3,924,210 1,918,829 3,358,948 0.0427 0.0431 0.0424

WV Dec 8 4,042,205 1,994,642 3,450,461 0.0440 0.0448 0.0436

WV Dec 9 4,111,049 2,035,320 3,500,334 0.0448 0.0458 0.0442

WV Dec 10 4,110,585 2,027,310 3,489,849 0.0448 0.0456 0.0441

WV Dec 11 4,076,404 1,993,840 3,471,311 0.0444 0.0448 0.0438

WV Dec 12 4,046,861 1,954,975 3,438,541 0.0441 0.0439 0.0434

WV Dec 13 4,004,867 1,922,444 3,406,151 0.0436 0.0432 0.0430

WV Dec 14 3,921,172 1,869,324 3,345,903 0.0427 0.0420 0.0422

WV Dec 15 3,855,417 1,834,963 3,315,226 0.0420 0.0413 0.0419

WV Dec 16 3,888,660 1,878,029 3,354,174 0.0423 0.0422 0.0424

WV Dec 17 4,109,097 2,037,631 3,503,434 0.0447 0.0458 0.0442

WV Dec 18 4,209,514 2,117,544 3,578,429 0.0458 0.0476 0.0452

WV Dec 19 4,199,396 2,097,840 3,575,421 0.0457 0.0472 0.0451

WV Dec 20 4,161,050 2,067,815 3,544,693 0.0453 0.0465 0.0448

WV Dec 21 4,115,588 2,029,959 3,509,552 0.0448 0.0456 0.0443

WV Dec 22 3,928,733 1,904,833 3,383,567 0.0428 0.0428 0.0427

WV Dec 23 3,629,250 1,722,821 3,174,446 0.0395 0.0387 0.0401

D-55

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 102 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix E

Average 2000-2004 State Level Monthly Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

AL 01 96,930,269 35,587,650 106,607,722 0.0891 0.0906 0.0841

AL 02 89,299,276 31,712,573 92,320,799 0.0821 0.0807 0.0728

AL 03 97,977,033 34,625,029 99,742,940 0.0901 0.0881 0.0787

AL 04 88,243,177 32,334,269 100,129,509 0.0811 0.0823 0.0790

AL 05 89,962,666 32,627,766 112,967,968 0.0827 0.0830 0.0891

AL 06 87,102,237 31,193,299 111,088,721 0.0801 0.0794 0.0876

AL 07 91,587,444 32,073,978 120,110,609 0.0842 0.0816 0.0947

AL 08 90,517,064 32,282,799 119,715,397 0.0832 0.0822 0.0944

AL 09 86,093,933 30,205,186 108,873,196 0.0792 0.0769 0.0859

AL 10 94,862,824 34,337,900 104,619,520 0.0872 0.0874 0.0825

AL 11 85,540,251 32,415,917 91,045,088 0.0787 0.0825 0.0718

AL 12 89,344,392 33,549,632 100,769,555 0.0822 0.0854 0.0795

FL 01 116,011,253 62,989,958 198,751,048 0.0858 0.0875 0.0831

FL 02 93,958,786 50,831,818 164,949,702 0.0695 0.0706 0.0690

FL 03 111,505,553 60,285,972 196,705,697 0.0824 0.0838 0.0822

FL 04 107,015,438 59,071,792 195,338,204 0.0791 0.0821 0.0817

FL 05 118,589,361 61,811,604 207,803,996 0.0877 0.0859 0.0869

FL 06 116,068,987 59,801,640 202,716,214 0.0858 0.0831 0.0848

FL 07 123,868,749 62,500,169 212,478,437 0.0916 0.0868 0.0888

FL 08 125,384,940 64,572,843 214,637,218 0.0927 0.0897 0.0897

FL 09 113,080,789 59,913,723 206,712,956 0.0836 0.0832 0.0864

FL 10 109,960,828 61,551,310 206,924,170 0.0813 0.0855 0.0865

FL 11 101,781,383 55,861,718 186,984,665 0.0752 0.0776 0.0782

FL 12 115,588,740 60,566,444 197,592,133 0.0854 0.0841 0.0826

GA 01 111,381,833 35,300,170 101,578,866 0.0899 0.1020 0.0843

GA 02 98,896,327 30,678,660 86,718,335 0.0798 0.0887 0.0720

GA 03 106,485,284 33,079,065 92,242,973 0.0859 0.0956 0.0765

GA 04 102,974,144 30,008,861 103,324,610 0.0831 0.0867 0.0857

GA 05 105,293,816 25,969,027 106,952,596 0.0850 0.0751 0.0888

GA 06 102,271,647 24,738,987 106,006,251 0.0825 0.0715 0.0880

GA 07 108,957,317 26,952,614 120,877,914 0.0879 0.0779 0.1003

GA 08 108,752,336 26,639,752 120,190,489 0.0878 0.0770 0.0997

GA 09 97,918,725 23,487,485 104,072,746 0.0790 0.0679 0.0864

GA 10 101,536,528 30,369,446 96,452,757 0.0819 0.0878 0.0800

GA 11 93,759,865 28,223,403 78,439,851 0.0757 0.0816 0.0651

GA 12 101,006,607 30,570,535 88,223,873 0.0815 0.0883 0.0732

KY 01 114,451,110 50,961,629 103,156,727 0.0911 0.1020 0.0862

KY 02 99,582,190 45,260,425 92,691,929 0.0793 0.0906 0.0774

KY 03 106,411,998 49,574,474 102,526,546 0.0847 0.0993 0.0857

KY 04 101,118,302 45,106,138 100,653,753 0.0805 0.0903 0.0841

KY 05 104,021,647 37,580,055 99,546,365 0.0828 0.0752 0.0832

KY 06 105,872,032 34,128,995 97,828,149 0.0843 0.0683 0.0817

KY 07 108,881,756 35,056,185 107,192,042 0.0867 0.0702 0.0896

KY 08 104,798,920 34,486,336 105,469,064 0.0835 0.0690 0.0881

KY 09 100,167,234 31,953,387 96,012,045 0.0798 0.0640 0.0802

KY 10 103,383,830 43,615,561 97,660,979 0.0823 0.0873 0.0816

KY 11 101,028,279 44,613,743 94,343,813 0.0804 0.0893 0.0788

KY 12 106,076,566 47,126,961 99,865,268 0.0845 0.0944 0.0834

MS 01 26,002,429 14,959,002 50,082,518 0.0941 0.0940 0.0871

MS 02 21,206,233 11,880,358 40,471,183 0.0768 0.0747 0.0704

MS 03 25,528,343 13,158,285 47,129,522 0.0924 0.0827 0.0819

Average Values [2000-2004]

Calculated Ratios

E-1

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 103 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix E

Average 2000-2004 State Level Monthly Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Average Values [2000-2004]

Calculated Ratios

MS 04 21,273,756 12,214,212 46,195,711 0.0770 0.0768 0.0803

MS 05 22,125,071 11,792,392 50,436,986 0.0801 0.0741 0.0877

MS 06 20,491,237 12,047,012 48,840,874 0.0742 0.0757 0.0849

MS 07 21,656,323 13,520,807 58,072,028 0.0784 0.0850 0.1010

MS 08 23,098,376 13,834,360 56,814,327 0.0836 0.0870 0.0988

MS 09 20,523,293 12,077,193 46,707,196 0.0743 0.0759 0.0812

MS 10 24,275,175 13,614,844 43,907,379 0.0879 0.0856 0.0763

MS 11 24,222,077 14,399,213 41,359,918 0.0877 0.0905 0.0719

MS 12 25,787,873 15,593,701 45,087,695 0.0934 0.0980 0.0784

NC 01 97,331,884 37,053,636 92,254,907 0.0866 0.0983 0.0883

NC 02 87,137,443 31,305,996 77,220,069 0.0775 0.0831 0.0739

NC 03 97,833,212 33,620,839 82,323,264 0.0871 0.0892 0.0788

NC 04 92,583,583 31,510,173 82,114,199 0.0824 0.0836 0.0786

NC 05 93,010,611 30,993,014 92,701,935 0.0828 0.0822 0.0887

NC 06 89,783,619 27,981,850 86,656,380 0.0799 0.0742 0.0829

NC 07 96,373,472 29,656,314 95,664,904 0.0858 0.0787 0.0915

NC 08 98,109,730 30,628,115 98,103,529 0.0873 0.0813 0.0939

NC 09 90,309,848 27,225,566 84,456,086 0.0804 0.0722 0.0808

NC 10 93,077,269 31,140,223 83,355,612 0.0828 0.0826 0.0798

NC 11 89,955,025 29,977,442 72,940,892 0.0800 0.0795 0.0698

NC 12 98,265,370 35,793,481 97,185,382 0.0874 0.0950 0.0930

SC 01 43,721,987 18,432,548 49,580,491 0.0868 0.0916 0.0808

SC 02 38,541,035 16,084,499 43,227,327 0.0765 0.0800 0.0705

SC 03 41,798,931 16,863,740 48,271,000 0.0830 0.0838 0.0787

SC 04 39,311,540 16,302,473 46,550,374 0.0780 0.0810 0.0759

SC 05 41,348,611 18,341,342 57,954,394 0.0821 0.0912 0.0945

SC 06 40,997,908 16,485,083 55,608,346 0.0814 0.0820 0.0907

SC 07 43,867,411 17,240,809 58,741,824 0.0871 0.0857 0.0958

SC 08 44,651,381 17,110,102 58,644,588 0.0886 0.0851 0.0956

SC 09 40,323,039 15,481,066 50,978,159 0.0800 0.0770 0.0831

SC 10 42,560,796 16,101,822 48,087,082 0.0845 0.0800 0.0784

SC 11 42,129,900 15,649,579 44,762,435 0.0836 0.0778 0.0730

SC 12 44,617,469 17,064,833 50,887,170 0.0885 0.0848 0.0830

TN 01 71,608,169 32,463,649 70,543,984 0.0891 0.0918 0.0878

TN 02 63,447,099 28,516,971 57,807,903 0.0790 0.0806 0.0719

TN 03 70,285,032 30,789,323 62,978,124 0.0875 0.0870 0.0784

TN 04 67,115,103 29,544,149 62,263,948 0.0836 0.0835 0.0775

TN 05 67,604,846 30,239,993 73,924,640 0.0842 0.0855 0.0920

TN 06 64,995,186 27,570,520 69,983,255 0.0809 0.0779 0.0871

TN 07 69,115,263 28,472,467 75,627,607 0.0860 0.0805 0.0941

TN 08 68,203,771 27,938,018 75,482,963 0.0849 0.0790 0.0939

TN 09 64,028,005 26,223,217 66,657,640 0.0797 0.0741 0.0830

TN 10 67,207,741 30,302,087 63,600,104 0.0837 0.0857 0.0792

TN 11 64,351,135 30,025,154 60,930,714 0.0801 0.0849 0.0758

TN 12 65,304,428 31,613,217 63,691,363 0.0813 0.0894 0.0793

VA 01 48,819,916 19,354,669 61,201,527 0.0903 0.0899 0.0845

VA 02 42,459,207 16,120,688 50,059,887 0.0786 0.0749 0.0692

VA 03 46,445,863 17,609,976 52,456,475 0.0860 0.0818 0.0725

VA 04 45,434,640 16,978,258 55,638,983 0.0841 0.0789 0.0769

VA 05 44,510,048 20,277,218 70,273,499 0.0824 0.0942 0.0971

VA 06 44,336,821 18,643,880 65,152,697 0.0820 0.0866 0.0900

E-2

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 104 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix E

Average 2000-2004 State Level Monthly Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Average Values [2000-2004]

Calculated Ratios

VA 07 47,115,998 18,686,032 71,852,733 0.0872 0.0868 0.0993

VA 08 47,071,668 19,614,203 74,982,624 0.0871 0.0911 0.1036

VA 09 41,488,618 16,595,117 60,690,737 0.0768 0.0771 0.0838

VA 10 41,835,028 16,195,498 49,286,979 0.0774 0.0752 0.0681

VA 11 43,194,175 16,478,500 52,422,881 0.0799 0.0766 0.0724

VA 12 47,668,957 18,685,461 59,876,938 0.0882 0.0868 0.0827

WV 01 111,875,900 52,042,851 92,757,729 0.0894 0.0974 0.0850

WV 02 101,345,095 47,532,002 84,725,694 0.0810 0.0889 0.0776

WV 03 110,021,992 50,082,217 92,337,571 0.0879 0.0937 0.0846

WV 04 104,297,369 47,902,177 89,453,424 0.0833 0.0896 0.0820

WV 05 104,359,859 41,624,694 92,539,479 0.0834 0.0779 0.0848

WV 06 99,762,595 36,857,627 88,460,783 0.0797 0.0690 0.0810

WV 07 103,652,169 39,048,341 94,718,439 0.0828 0.0731 0.0868

WV 08 105,240,948 37,751,302 96,769,225 0.0841 0.0706 0.0887

WV 09 100,547,899 36,230,294 91,003,310 0.0803 0.0678 0.0834

WV 10 104,134,189 47,928,604 90,978,471 0.0832 0.0897 0.0834

WV 11 101,789,220 48,091,022 87,501,683 0.0813 0.0900 0.0802

WV 12 104,764,255 49,305,966 90,235,248 0.0837 0.0923 0.0827

E-3

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 105 

 December 17, 2007
Atmonspheric Sciences Group Appendix F

Average 2000-2004 Alabama Monthly Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

0.100

0.090

0.080

0.070

0.060

0.050

0.040

0.030

0.020

0.010

0.000

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep O

Month

Normailzed Distribution Ratio

SO2 Ratio

NOx Ratio

Heat Input

Emissions Preparation & Results Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 106  December 17, 2007
Atmonspheric Sciences Group Appendix F

Average 2000-2004 Florida Monthly Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

0.100

0.090

0.080

0.070

0.060

0.050

0.040

0.030

0.020

0.010

0.000

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep O

Month

Normailzed Distribution Ratio

SO2 Ratio

NOx Ratio

Heat Input

Emissions Preparation & Results Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 107  December 17, 2007
Atmonspheric Sciences Group Appendix F

Average 2000-2004 Georgia Monthly Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

0.120

0.100

0.080

0.060

0.040

0.020

0.000

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep O

Month

Normailzed Distribution Ratio

SO2 Ratio

NOx Ratio

Heat Input

Emissions Preparation & Results Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 108  December 17, 2007
Atmonspheric Sciences Group Appendix F

Average 2000-2004 Kentucky Monthly Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

0.120

0.100

0.080

0.060

0.040

0.020

0.000

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep O

Month

Normailzed Distribution Ratio

SO2 Ratio

NOx Ratio

Heat Input

Emissions Preparation & Results Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 109  December 17, 2007
Atmonspheric Sciences Group Appendix F

Average 2000-2004 Mississippi Monthly Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

0.120

0.100

0.080

0.060

0.040

0.020

0.000

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep O

Month

Normailzed Distribution Ratio

SO2 Ratio

NOx Ratio

Heat Input

Emissions Preparation & Results Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 110  December 17, 2007
Atmonspheric Sciences Group Appendix F

Average 2000-2004 North Carolina Monthly Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

0.120

0.100

0.080

0.060

0.040

0.020

0.000

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep O

Month

Normailzed Distribution Ratio

SO2 Ratio

NOx Ratio

Heat Input

Emissions Preparation & Results Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 111  December 17, 2007
Atmonspheric Sciences Group Appendix F

Average 2000-2004 South Carolina Monthly Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

0.120

0.100

0.080

0.060

0.040

0.020

0.000

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep O

Month

Normailzed Distribution Ratio

SO2 Ratio

NOx Ratio

Heat Input

Emissions Preparation & Results Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 112  December 17, 2007
Atmonspheric Sciences Group Appendix F

Average 2000-2004 Tennessee Monthly Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

0.100

0.090

0.080

0.070

0.060

0.050

0.040

0.030

0.020

0.010

0.000

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep O

Month

Normailzed Distribution Ratio

SO2 Ratio

NOx Ratio

Heat Input

Emissions Preparation & Results Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 113  December 17, 2007
Atmonspheric Sciences Group Appendix F

Average 2000-2004 Virginia Monthly Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

0.120

0.100

0.080

0.060

0.040

0.020

0.000

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep O

Month

Normailzed Distribution Ratio

SO2 Ratio

NOx Ratio

Heat Input

Emissions Preparation & Results Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 114  December 17, 2007
Atmonspheric Sciences Group Appendix F

Average 2000-2004 West Virginia Monthly Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

0.120

0.100

0.080

0.060

0.040

0.020

0.000

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep O

Month

Normailzed Distribution Ratio

SO2 Ratio

NOx Ratio

Heat Input

Emissions Preparation & Results Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 115  December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix G

Average 2000-2004 State Level Monthly-Day of Week Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Day of Week [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

AL Jan Sun 11,973,393 4,292,483 12,150,601 0.1235 0.1206 0.1140

AL Jan Mon 12,374,833 4,518,105 13,660,275 0.1277 0.1270 0.1281

AL Jan Tue 15,759,152 5,811,809 17,855,568 0.1626 0.1633 0.1675

AL Jan Wed 15,817,025 5,904,760 18,056,233 0.1632 0.1659 0.1694

AL Jan Thu 15,848,565 5,912,905 17,883,602 0.1635 0.1662 0.1678

AL Jan Fri 12,652,920 4,622,646 14,110,073 0.1305 0.1299 0.1324

AL Jan Sat 12,504,382 4,524,941 12,891,370 0.1290 0.1271 0.1209

AL Feb Sun 12,465,714 4,378,603 11,982,100 0.1396 0.1381 0.1298

AL Feb Mon 12,648,797 4,566,922 13,683,022 0.1416 0.1440 0.1482

AL Feb Tue 13,055,528 4,650,784 13,916,803 0.1462 0.1467 0.1507

AL Feb Wed 12,952,638 4,624,268 13,892,291 0.1450 0.1458 0.1505

AL Feb Thu 13,064,253 4,654,235 13,656,975 0.1463 0.1468 0.1479

AL Feb Fri 12,605,617 4,453,161 13,144,836 0.1412 0.1404 0.1424

AL Feb Sat 12,506,729 4,384,600 12,044,772 0.1401 0.1383 0.1305

AL Mar Sun 15,136,907 5,425,946 15,180,521 0.1545 0.1567 0.1522

AL Mar Mon 12,807,193 4,585,951 14,006,813 0.1307 0.1324 0.1404

AL Mar Tue 12,944,714 4,570,137 13,805,523 0.1321 0.1320 0.1384

AL Mar Wed 12,999,541 4,537,373 13,259,394 0.1327 0.1310 0.1329

AL Mar Thu 12,873,383 4,506,075 12,778,477 0.1314 0.1301 0.1281

AL Mar Fri 15,661,836 5,503,590 15,357,680 0.1599 0.1589 0.1540

AL Mar Sat 15,553,458 5,495,957 15,354,531 0.1587 0.1587 0.1539

AL Apr Sun 11,332,686 4,123,907 12,698,306 0.1284 0.1275 0.1268

AL Apr Mon 14,709,426 5,394,905 16,813,048 0.1667 0.1668 0.1679

AL Apr Tue 14,964,648 5,500,081 17,133,697 0.1696 0.1701 0.1711

AL Apr Wed 11,974,199 4,381,431 13,657,561 0.1357 0.1355 0.1364

AL Apr Thu 11,841,341 4,392,824 13,582,578 0.1342 0.1359 0.1357

AL Apr Fri 11,589,435 4,252,648 13,155,951 0.1313 0.1315 0.1314

AL Apr Sat 11,831,443 4,288,474 13,088,368 0.1341 0.1326 0.1307

AL May Sun 11,290,254 3,924,702 13,059,831 0.1255 0.1203 0.1156

AL May Mon 11,516,514 4,115,730 14,403,677 0.1280 0.1261 0.1275

AL May Tue 11,730,957 4,236,978 14,784,483 0.1304 0.1299 0.1309

AL May Wed 14,812,058 5,491,479 18,961,819 0.1646 0.1683 0.1679

AL May Thu 14,475,031 5,429,397 18,685,109 0.1609 0.1664 0.1654

AL May Fri 14,613,756 5,349,841 19,086,178 0.1624 0.1640 0.1690

AL May Sat 11,524,096 4,079,639 13,986,871 0.1281 0.1250 0.1238

AL Jun Sun 13,957,660 4,981,619 17,448,833 0.1602 0.1597 0.1571

AL Jun Mon 11,633,110 4,294,059 14,994,420 0.1336 0.1377 0.1350

AL Jun Tue 11,576,426 4,230,898 15,073,323 0.1329 0.1356 0.1357

AL Jun Wed 11,663,562 4,201,231 15,347,162 0.1339 0.1347 0.1382

AL Jun Thu 12,000,645 4,240,320 15,246,768 0.1378 0.1359 0.1372

AL Jun Fri 11,905,820 4,190,850 15,112,838 0.1367 0.1344 0.1360

AL Jun Sat 14,365,013 5,054,322 17,865,378 0.1649 0.1620 0.1608

AL Jul Sun 11,478,359 4,030,395 14,872,793 0.1253 0.1257 0.1238

AL Jul Mon 14,896,744 5,353,452 19,661,377 0.1627 0.1669 0.1637

AL Jul Tue 14,892,334 5,240,213 19,673,860 0.1626 0.1634 0.1638

AL Jul Wed 14,865,558 5,188,296 19,695,559 0.1623 0.1618 0.1640

AL Jul Thu 12,025,777 4,112,950 15,522,479 0.1313 0.1282 0.1292

AL Jul Fri 11,771,513 4,111,362 15,390,421 0.1285 0.1282 0.1281

AL Jul Sat 11,657,160 4,037,311 15,294,119 0.1273 0.1259 0.1273

AL Aug Sun 11,088,782 3,913,833 14,625,355 0.1225 0.1212 0.1222

AL Aug Mon 11,442,122 4,181,420 15,548,602 0.1264 0.1295 0.1299

AL Aug Tue 11,752,571 4,201,299 15,748,722 0.1298 0.1301 0.1316

AL Aug Wed 11,940,710 4,288,501 15,898,971 0.1319 0.1328 0.1328

AL Aug Thu 15,014,026 5,347,097 19,862,773 0.1659 0.1656 0.1659

AL Aug Fri 14,892,207 5,266,987 19,530,653 0.1645 0.1632 0.1631

AL Aug Sat 14,386,647 5,083,661 18,500,321 0.1589 0.1575 0.1545

AL Sep Sun 13,885,652 4,820,670 16,659,869 0.1613 0.1596 0.1530

Average Values [2000-2004]

Calculated Ratios

G-1

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 116 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix G

Average 2000-2004 State Level Monthly-Day of Week Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Day of Week [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Average Values [2000-2004]

Calculated Ratios

AL Sep Mon 14,141,995 5,038,855 18,062,372 0.1643 0.1668 0.1659

AL Sep Tue 11,484,404 4,082,649 14,962,763 0.1334 0.1352 0.1374

AL Sep Wed 11,524,522 4,022,576 15,083,427 0.1339 0.1332 0.1385

AL Sep Thu 11,685,702 4,046,346 15,167,290 0.1357 0.1340 0.1393

AL Sep Fri 11,811,386 4,173,863 15,058,953 0.1372 0.1382 0.1383

AL Sep Sat 11,560,273 4,020,226 13,878,522 0.1343 0.1331 0.1275

AL Oct Sun 11,811,377 4,289,943 12,293,195 0.1245 0.1249 0.1175

AL Oct Mon 12,332,346 4,513,994 13,800,627 0.1300 0.1315 0.1319

AL Oct Tue 15,474,221 5,650,161 18,121,815 0.1631 0.1645 0.1732

AL Oct Wed 15,551,242 5,595,423 17,461,781 0.1639 0.1630 0.1669

AL Oct Thu 15,534,833 5,592,238 17,160,242 0.1638 0.1629 0.1640

AL Oct Fri 12,155,982 4,367,495 13,056,737 0.1281 0.1272 0.1248

AL Oct Sat 12,002,823 4,328,644 12,725,123 0.1265 0.1261 0.1216

AL Nov Sun 10,950,379 4,115,386 11,183,830 0.1280 0.1270 0.1228

AL Nov Mon 11,507,720 4,411,521 12,990,319 0.1345 0.1361 0.1427

AL Nov Tue 11,720,227 4,422,309 12,908,336 0.1370 0.1364 0.1418

AL Nov Wed 11,739,397 4,445,575 12,902,505 0.1372 0.1371 0.1417

AL Nov Thu 11,403,389 4,330,306 12,158,977 0.1333 0.1336 0.1335

AL Nov Fri 14,207,798 5,352,146 14,393,969 0.1661 0.1651 0.1581

AL Nov Sat 14,011,340 5,338,674 14,507,152 0.1638 0.1647 0.1593

AL Dec Sun 14,259,735 5,291,444 15,673,882 0.1596 0.1577 0.1555

AL Dec Mon 14,521,256 5,449,977 16,243,296 0.1625 0.1624 0.1612

AL Dec Tue 14,337,889 5,387,676 16,636,483 0.1605 0.1606 0.1651

AL Dec Wed 11,519,363 4,344,609 13,758,100 0.1289 0.1295 0.1365

AL Dec Thu 11,537,461 4,339,002 13,205,960 0.1291 0.1293 0.1311

AL Dec Fri 11,518,162 4,387,499 12,641,479 0.1289 0.1308 0.1254

AL Dec Sat 11,650,526 4,349,426 12,610,355 0.1304 0.1296 0.1251

FL Jan Sun 13,052,230 7,160,414 23,398,263 0.1125 0.1137 0.1177

FL Jan Mon 14,866,982 7,996,928 25,194,145 0.1282 0.1270 0.1268

FL Jan Tue 18,966,078 10,294,960 31,932,987 0.1635 0.1634 0.1607

FL Jan Wed 20,016,132 10,819,976 32,850,433 0.1725 0.1718 0.1653

FL Jan Thu 19,295,311 10,472,703 32,116,708 0.1663 0.1663 0.1616

FL Jan Fri 15,354,992 8,522,403 27,688,357 0.1324 0.1353 0.1393

FL Jan Sat 14,459,528 7,722,574 25,570,155 0.1246 0.1226 0.1287

FL Feb Sun 12,328,843 6,678,620 22,095,068 0.1312 0.1314 0.1340

FL Feb Mon 13,274,623 7,208,897 22,824,084 0.1413 0.1418 0.1384

FL Feb Tue 13,693,951 7,472,016 23,752,507 0.1457 0.1470 0.1440

FL Feb Wed 13,836,434 7,526,378 24,260,947 0.1473 0.1481 0.1471

FL Feb Thu 14,626,146 7,756,851 24,978,352 0.1557 0.1526 0.1514

FL Feb Fri 13,387,771 7,250,124 24,015,119 0.1425 0.1426 0.1456

FL Feb Sat 12,811,018 6,938,932 23,023,625 0.1363 0.1365 0.1396

FL Mar Sun 16,314,717 8,834,739 28,930,182 0.1463 0.1465 0.1471

FL Mar Mon 14,145,402 7,894,516 25,499,466 0.1269 0.1310 0.1296

FL Mar Tue 15,509,617 8,218,394 26,796,918 0.1391 0.1363 0.1362

FL Mar Wed 14,681,727 7,998,106 26,192,929 0.1317 0.1327 0.1332

FL Mar Thu 15,079,501 8,032,083 26,337,928 0.1352 0.1332 0.1339

FL Mar Fri 18,299,777 9,808,680 32,297,624 0.1641 0.1627 0.1642

FL Mar Sat 17,474,812 9,499,456 30,650,650 0.1567 0.1576 0.1558

FL Apr Sun 13,180,026 7,253,618 24,850,878 0.1232 0.1228 0.1272

FL Apr Mon 18,541,655 10,196,466 33,323,177 0.1733 0.1726 0.1706

FL Apr Tue 18,213,655 10,190,833 33,629,986 0.1702 0.1725 0.1722

FL Apr Wed 14,605,188 7,968,116 26,091,761 0.1365 0.1349 0.1336

FL Apr Thu 14,526,273 7,984,231 25,923,235 0.1357 0.1352 0.1327

FL Apr Fri 14,280,951 7,906,375 26,138,199 0.1334 0.1338 0.1338

FL Apr Sat 13,667,690 7,572,152 25,380,968 0.1277 0.1282 0.1299

FL May Sun 14,357,464 7,485,459 25,863,896 0.1211 0.1211 0.1245

FL May Mon 15,154,083 7,956,981 26,787,554 0.1278 0.1287 0.1289

G-2

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 117 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix G

Average 2000-2004 State Level Monthly-Day of Week Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Day of Week [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Average Values [2000-2004]

Calculated Ratios

FL May Tue 15,455,197 8,087,887 26,870,989 0.1303 0.1308 0.1293

FL May Wed 19,503,288 10,111,972 33,711,442 0.1645 0.1636 0.1622

FL May Thu 19,515,243 10,161,786 34,071,726 0.1646 0.1644 0.1640

FL May Fri 19,586,389 10,147,265 33,901,927 0.1652 0.1642 0.1631

FL May Sat 15,017,697 7,860,254 26,596,461 0.1266 0.1272 0.1280

FL Jun Sun 18,310,691 9,452,183 32,537,086 0.1578 0.1581 0.1605

FL Jun Mon 15,781,319 8,161,348 27,330,779 0.1360 0.1365 0.1348

FL Jun Tue 15,960,643 8,221,474 27,459,697 0.1375 0.1375 0.1355

FL Jun Wed 16,100,778 8,299,845 27,869,080 0.1387 0.1388 0.1375

FL Jun Thu 15,570,508 8,114,098 27,364,774 0.1341 0.1357 0.1350

FL Jun Fri 15,525,917 7,973,482 27,062,460 0.1338 0.1333 0.1335

FL Jun Sat 18,819,132 9,579,210 33,092,339 0.1621 0.1602 0.1632

FL Jul Sun 14,708,203 7,575,148 26,405,051 0.1187 0.1212 0.1243

FL Jul Mon 20,178,197 10,115,348 34,663,034 0.1629 0.1618 0.1631

FL Jul Tue 20,451,635 10,271,409 34,820,771 0.1651 0.1643 0.1639

FL Jul Wed 20,493,877 10,275,526 34,553,648 0.1654 0.1644 0.1626

FL Jul Thu 16,472,099 8,264,690 27,655,517 0.1330 0.1322 0.1302

FL Jul Fri 16,330,885 8,240,365 27,757,755 0.1318 0.1318 0.1306

FL Jul Sat 15,233,852 7,757,683 26,622,660 0.1230 0.1241 0.1253

FL Aug Sun 14,832,430 7,770,298 26,355,005 0.1183 0.1203 0.1228

FL Aug Mon 16,289,567 8,415,375 27,921,417 0.1299 0.1303 0.1301

FL Aug Tue 16,409,009 8,464,979 27,982,337 0.1309 0.1311 0.1304

FL Aug Wed 16,599,763 8,412,726 27,839,040 0.1324 0.1303 0.1297

FL Aug Thu 21,190,840 10,674,830 35,352,991 0.1690 0.1653 0.1647

FL Aug Fri 20,753,135 10,663,040 35,280,658 0.1655 0.1651 0.1644

FL Aug Sat 19,310,195 10,171,594 33,905,771 0.1540 0.1575 0.1580

FL Sep Sun 17,407,168 9,327,229 33,090,745 0.1539 0.1557 0.1601

FL Sep Mon 18,951,071 10,063,106 34,697,245 0.1676 0.1680 0.1679

FL Sep Tue 15,814,547 8,275,493 28,027,452 0.1399 0.1381 0.1356

FL Sep Wed 15,592,813 8,221,478 28,140,157 0.1379 0.1372 0.1361

FL Sep Thu 15,256,995 8,137,970 28,067,153 0.1349 0.1358 0.1358

FL Sep Fri 15,323,186 8,044,147 27,681,511 0.1355 0.1343 0.1339

FL Sep Sat 14,735,009 7,844,300 27,008,693 0.1303 0.1309 0.1307

FL Oct Sun 13,398,285 7,549,892 25,661,085 0.1218 0.1227 0.1240

FL Oct Mon 14,202,904 7,990,788 27,002,819 0.1292 0.1298 0.1305

FL Oct Tue 18,096,168 9,983,295 34,056,575 0.1646 0.1622 0.1646

FL Oct Wed 17,946,866 10,125,375 33,672,517 0.1632 0.1645 0.1627

FL Oct Thu 18,294,441 10,176,870 33,532,221 0.1664 0.1653 0.1621

FL Oct Fri 14,378,959 8,087,989 26,782,353 0.1308 0.1314 0.1294

FL Oct Sat 13,643,205 7,637,100 26,216,601 0.1241 0.1241 0.1267

FL Nov Sun 12,425,949 6,985,756 23,514,454 0.1221 0.1251 0.1258

FL Nov Mon 13,791,110 7,588,195 25,610,183 0.1355 0.1358 0.1370

FL Nov Tue 14,159,503 7,809,700 26,113,365 0.1391 0.1398 0.1397

FL Nov Wed 14,370,209 7,842,655 25,876,805 0.1412 0.1404 0.1384

FL Nov Thu 13,592,948 7,519,473 24,826,599 0.1336 0.1346 0.1328

FL Nov Fri 16,684,484 9,125,303 30,670,840 0.1639 0.1634 0.1640

FL Nov Sat 16,757,179 8,990,636 30,372,419 0.1646 0.1609 0.1624

FL Dec Sun 18,192,578 9,580,007 31,795,817 0.1574 0.1582 0.1609

FL Dec Mon 18,247,650 9,703,301 31,978,285 0.1579 0.1602 0.1618

FL Dec Tue 18,262,323 9,595,586 31,915,018 0.1580 0.1584 0.1615

FL Dec Wed 14,947,606 7,892,737 25,962,148 0.1293 0.1303 0.1314

FL Dec Thu 15,731,535 8,249,796 26,206,079 0.1361 0.1362 0.1326

FL Dec Fri 15,220,061 7,809,988 25,012,084 0.1317 0.1289 0.1266

FL Dec Sat 14,986,986 7,735,028 24,722,702 0.1297 0.1277 0.1251

GA Jan Sun 13,124,248 4,020,218 11,305,425 0.1178 0.1139 0.1113

GA Jan Mon 14,360,931 4,512,619 12,504,023 0.1289 0.1278 0.1231

GA Jan Tue 18,524,178 5,840,250 16,704,047 0.1663 0.1654 0.1644

G-3

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 118 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix G

Average 2000-2004 State Level Monthly-Day of Week Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Day of Week [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Average Values [2000-2004]

Calculated Ratios

GA Jan Wed 18,483,995 5,950,256 17,283,608 0.1660 0.1686 0.1701

GA Jan Thu 17,872,716 5,819,388 16,862,298 0.1605 0.1649 0.1660

GA Jan Fri 14,637,093 4,697,899 14,218,196 0.1314 0.1331 0.1400

GA Jan Sat 14,378,672 4,459,541 12,701,268 0.1291 0.1263 0.1250

GA Feb Sun 13,382,988 3,957,671 10,524,683 0.1353 0.1290 0.1214

GA Feb Mon 14,770,265 4,523,997 12,942,006 0.1494 0.1475 0.1492

GA Feb Tue 14,508,558 4,595,940 13,154,535 0.1467 0.1498 0.1517

GA Feb Wed 14,470,656 4,563,033 13,554,721 0.1463 0.1487 0.1563

GA Feb Thu 14,407,456 4,600,185 13,771,393 0.1457 0.1499 0.1588

GA Feb Fri 13,742,723 4,340,244 11,899,583 0.1390 0.1415 0.1372

GA Feb Sat 13,613,681 4,097,591 10,871,415 0.1377 0.1336 0.1254

GA Mar Sun 15,495,089 4,641,883 12,167,666 0.1455 0.1403 0.1319

GA Mar Mon 14,334,901 4,513,847 13,362,335 0.1346 0.1365 0.1449

GA Mar Tue 14,420,895 4,532,750 13,463,600 0.1354 0.1370 0.1460

GA Mar Wed 14,170,345 4,489,531 13,057,182 0.1331 0.1357 0.1416

GA Mar Thu 14,004,649 4,446,853 12,249,119 0.1315 0.1344 0.1328

GA Mar Fri 17,177,952 5,357,920 14,842,639 0.1613 0.1620 0.1609

GA Mar Sat 16,881,455 5,096,281 13,100,433 0.1585 0.1541 0.1420

GA Apr Sun 12,693,095 3,672,253 11,719,631 0.1233 0.1224 0.1134

GA Apr Mon 17,251,251 5,137,684 18,011,935 0.1675 0.1712 0.1743

GA Apr Tue 17,584,479 5,057,585 18,208,078 0.1708 0.1685 0.1762

GA Apr Wed 13,945,269 4,029,330 14,482,773 0.1354 0.1343 0.1402

GA Apr Thu 14,088,286 4,141,433 14,549,349 0.1368 0.1380 0.1408

GA Apr Fri 13,898,987 4,014,958 13,810,855 0.1350 0.1338 0.1337

GA Apr Sat 13,512,776 3,955,619 12,541,990 0.1312 0.1318 0.1214

GA May Sun 12,906,496 2,943,453 11,988,411 0.1226 0.1133 0.1121

GA May Mon 13,439,964 3,255,041 13,325,027 0.1276 0.1253 0.1246

GA May Tue 13,342,706 3,443,206 13,496,507 0.1267 0.1326 0.1262

GA May Wed 16,859,064 4,405,016 17,702,345 0.1601 0.1696 0.1655

GA May Thu 17,404,134 4,394,630 18,689,800 0.1653 0.1692 0.1747

GA May Fri 17,637,771 4,321,631 18,223,384 0.1675 0.1664 0.1704

GA May Sat 13,703,682 3,206,049 13,527,121 0.1301 0.1235 0.1265

GA Jun Sun 16,235,802 3,781,890 16,311,536 0.1588 0.1529 0.1539

GA Jun Mon 13,881,743 3,266,998 14,225,348 0.1357 0.1321 0.1342

GA Jun Tue 13,809,085 3,372,791 14,673,939 0.1350 0.1363 0.1384

GA Jun Wed 13,979,459 3,424,713 15,005,533 0.1367 0.1384 0.1416

GA Jun Thu 14,048,031 3,487,248 14,772,625 0.1374 0.1410 0.1394

GA Jun Fri 13,653,375 3,370,860 14,100,835 0.1335 0.1363 0.1330

GA Jun Sat 16,664,151 4,034,487 16,916,436 0.1629 0.1631 0.1596

GA Jul Sun 13,493,095 3,379,960 14,451,977 0.1238 0.1254 0.1196

GA Jul Mon 17,801,210 4,556,344 19,924,880 0.1634 0.1691 0.1648

GA Jul Tue 17,736,601 4,396,225 19,892,108 0.1628 0.1631 0.1646

GA Jul Wed 17,688,477 4,396,005 20,106,026 0.1623 0.1631 0.1663

GA Jul Thu 14,116,591 3,450,943 16,084,166 0.1296 0.1280 0.1331

GA Jul Fri 14,202,897 3,403,815 15,676,086 0.1304 0.1263 0.1297

GA Jul Sat 13,918,446 3,369,321 14,742,670 0.1277 0.1250 0.1220

GA Aug Sun 13,460,815 3,033,642 13,996,540 0.1238 0.1139 0.1165

GA Aug Mon 14,006,159 3,327,578 15,676,687 0.1288 0.1249 0.1304

GA Aug Tue 13,931,609 3,456,530 16,030,001 0.1281 0.1298 0.1334

GA Aug Wed 14,283,637 3,631,066 15,723,552 0.1313 0.1363 0.1308

GA Aug Thu 17,975,152 4,576,805 19,839,720 0.1653 0.1718 0.1651

GA Aug Fri 17,749,354 4,363,885 20,001,135 0.1632 0.1638 0.1664

GA Aug Sat 17,345,611 4,250,247 18,922,855 0.1595 0.1595 0.1574

GA Sep Sun 15,448,171 3,602,062 15,157,438 0.1578 0.1534 0.1456

GA Sep Mon 16,414,338 3,876,193 17,459,170 0.1676 0.1650 0.1678

GA Sep Tue 13,131,984 3,099,912 14,117,735 0.1341 0.1320 0.1357

GA Sep Wed 13,320,417 3,165,578 14,440,389 0.1360 0.1348 0.1388

G-4

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 119 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix G

Average 2000-2004 State Level Monthly-Day of Week Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Day of Week [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Average Values [2000-2004]

Calculated Ratios

GA Sep Thu 13,516,677 3,288,041 14,927,333 0.1380 0.1400 0.1434

GA Sep Fri 13,444,163 3,378,753 15,048,148 0.1373 0.1439 0.1446

GA Sep Sat 12,642,974 3,076,945 12,922,533 0.1291 0.1310 0.1242

GA Oct Sun 12,221,190 3,547,451 10,953,557 0.1204 0.1168 0.1136

GA Oct Mon 13,361,673 4,095,621 12,885,298 0.1316 0.1349 0.1336

GA Oct Tue 16,938,579 5,190,094 16,406,795 0.1668 0.1709 0.1701

GA Oct Wed 16,923,596 5,106,862 16,895,152 0.1667 0.1682 0.1752

GA Oct Thu 16,501,991 4,995,042 16,151,355 0.1625 0.1645 0.1675

GA Oct Fri 13,305,028 3,870,352 12,036,350 0.1310 0.1274 0.1248

GA Oct Sat 12,284,472 3,564,025 11,124,250 0.1210 0.1174 0.1153

GA Nov Sun 11,646,313 3,389,419 8,962,157 0.1242 0.1201 0.1143

GA Nov Mon 13,073,222 3,945,534 11,430,721 0.1394 0.1398 0.1457

GA Nov Tue 13,191,844 3,986,329 11,603,064 0.1407 0.1412 0.1479

GA Nov Wed 12,998,499 4,054,567 11,677,317 0.1386 0.1437 0.1489

GA Nov Thu 12,454,620 3,848,249 10,562,184 0.1328 0.1363 0.1347

GA Nov Fri 15,290,213 4,579,302 12,324,022 0.1631 0.1623 0.1571

GA Nov Sat 15,105,153 4,420,003 11,880,385 0.1611 0.1566 0.1515

GA Dec Sun 15,270,476 4,619,508 12,878,140 0.1512 0.1511 0.1460

GA Dec Mon 16,620,084 5,058,485 14,687,554 0.1645 0.1655 0.1665

GA Dec Tue 16,351,400 4,949,393 14,751,688 0.1619 0.1619 0.1672

GA Dec Wed 13,562,340 4,109,788 12,508,459 0.1343 0.1344 0.1418

GA Dec Thu 13,153,577 4,029,058 11,982,882 0.1302 0.1318 0.1358

GA Dec Fri 13,076,436 3,969,867 11,132,791 0.1295 0.1299 0.1262

GA Dec Sat 12,972,294 3,834,436 10,282,360 0.1284 0.1254 0.1165

KY Jan Sun 13,951,350 6,324,291 12,340,439 0.1219 0.1241 0.1196

KY Jan Mon 14,648,386 6,568,474 13,191,315 0.1280 0.1289 0.1279

KY Jan Tue 18,754,926 8,319,015 16,806,905 0.1639 0.1632 0.1629

KY Jan Wed 18,737,070 8,302,139 16,702,204 0.1637 0.1629 0.1619

KY Jan Thu 18,617,927 8,274,249 17,253,825 0.1627 0.1624 0.1673

KY Jan Fri 14,989,539 6,674,316 13,836,584 0.1310 0.1310 0.1341

KY Jan Sat 14,751,911 6,499,145 13,025,455 0.1289 0.1275 0.1263

KY Feb Sun 13,614,024 6,109,118 12,294,809 0.1367 0.1350 0.1326

KY Feb Mon 14,397,395 6,582,725 13,387,654 0.1446 0.1454 0.1444

KY Feb Tue 14,555,978 6,610,627 13,801,950 0.1462 0.1461 0.1489

KY Feb Wed 14,329,132 6,724,437 14,007,595 0.1439 0.1486 0.1511

KY Feb Thu 14,616,707 6,568,675 13,427,712 0.1468 0.1451 0.1449

KY Feb Fri 14,205,033 6,385,449 12,975,468 0.1426 0.1411 0.1400

KY Feb Sat 13,863,920 6,279,393 12,796,740 0.1392 0.1387 0.1381

KY Mar Sun 16,154,103 7,633,026 15,634,188 0.1518 0.1540 0.1525

KY Mar Mon 13,697,223 6,340,694 13,810,745 0.1287 0.1279 0.1347

KY Mar Tue 14,077,465 6,505,076 13,891,463 0.1323 0.1312 0.1355

KY Mar Wed 14,152,624 6,445,515 13,294,931 0.1330 0.1300 0.1297

KY Mar Thu 14,228,900 6,555,563 13,351,220 0.1337 0.1322 0.1302

KY Mar Fri 17,604,219 8,283,732 16,713,671 0.1654 0.1671 0.1630

KY Mar Sat 16,497,463 7,810,869 15,830,328 0.1550 0.1576 0.1544

KY Apr Sun 12,664,919 5,692,491 12,300,015 0.1252 0.1262 0.1222

KY Apr Mon 16,959,493 7,671,569 17,098,033 0.1677 0.1701 0.1699

KY Apr Tue 17,071,625 7,772,987 17,448,992 0.1688 0.1723 0.1734

KY Apr Wed 13,857,201 6,101,485 13,777,709 0.1370 0.1353 0.1369

KY Apr Thu 13,903,554 6,065,542 13,876,852 0.1375 0.1345 0.1379

KY Apr Fri 13,716,257 5,951,503 13,472,483 0.1356 0.1319 0.1338

KY Apr Sat 12,945,254 5,850,563 12,679,669 0.1280 0.1297 0.1260

KY May Sun 12,456,298 4,367,716 11,712,119 0.1197 0.1162 0.1177

KY May Mon 13,110,103 4,772,353 12,765,025 0.1260 0.1270 0.1282

KY May Tue 13,515,816 5,059,816 13,131,188 0.1299 0.1346 0.1319

KY May Wed 17,039,088 6,330,032 16,401,532 0.1638 0.1684 0.1648

KY May Thu 17,180,451 6,257,493 16,428,566 0.1652 0.1665 0.1650

G-5

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 120 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix G

Average 2000-2004 State Level Monthly-Day of Week Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Day of Week [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Average Values [2000-2004]

Calculated Ratios

KY May Fri 17,730,036 6,198,671 16,780,192 0.1704 0.1649 0.1686

KY May Sat 12,989,855 4,593,973 12,327,744 0.1249 0.1222 0.1238

KY Jun Sun 16,427,192 5,214,046 14,825,059 0.1552 0.1528 0.1515

KY Jun Mon 14,418,433 4,609,315 13,524,297 0.1362 0.1351 0.1382

KY Jun Tue 14,716,957 4,703,306 13,812,994 0.1390 0.1378 0.1412

KY Jun Wed 14,946,201 4,688,060 13,762,886 0.1412 0.1374 0.1407

KY Jun Thu 14,520,946 4,780,070 13,478,982 0.1372 0.1401 0.1378

KY Jun Fri 14,372,136 4,691,043 13,090,249 0.1358 0.1375 0.1338

KY Jun Sat 16,470,166 5,443,154 15,333,682 0.1556 0.1595 0.1567

KY Jul Sun 13,244,569 4,448,178 13,049,965 0.1216 0.1269 0.1217

KY Jul Mon 17,797,803 5,939,637 17,936,410 0.1635 0.1694 0.1673

KY Jul Tue 18,024,388 5,840,628 17,786,205 0.1655 0.1666 0.1659

KY Jul Wed 18,006,476 5,728,943 17,730,534 0.1654 0.1634 0.1654

KY Jul Thu 14,180,922 4,403,898 13,941,707 0.1302 0.1256 0.1301

KY Jul Fri 14,046,649 4,359,457 13,625,059 0.1290 0.1244 0.1271

KY Jul Sat 13,580,950 4,335,445 13,122,163 0.1247 0.1237 0.1224

KY Aug Sun 12,657,699 3,968,906 12,321,196 0.1208 0.1151 0.1168

KY Aug Mon 13,431,315 4,290,811 13,998,056 0.1282 0.1244 0.1327

KY Aug Tue 13,951,503 4,490,599 13,738,219 0.1331 0.1302 0.1303

KY Aug Wed 14,027,682 4,722,032 13,908,301 0.1339 0.1369 0.1319

KY Aug Thu 17,490,094 5,971,600 17,868,881 0.1669 0.1732 0.1694

KY Aug Fri 17,069,499 5,736,578 17,711,338 0.1629 0.1663 0.1679

KY Aug Sat 16,171,129 5,305,811 15,923,072 0.1543 0.1539 0.1510

KY Sep Sun 15,560,753 5,159,716 14,794,644 0.1553 0.1615 0.1541

KY Sep Mon 16,691,163 5,314,459 16,076,578 0.1666 0.1663 0.1674

KY Sep Tue 13,588,051 4,280,822 13,252,975 0.1357 0.1340 0.1380

KY Sep Wed 13,648,570 4,327,920 13,280,817 0.1363 0.1354 0.1383

KY Sep Thu 13,835,926 4,291,753 13,183,716 0.1381 0.1343 0.1373

KY Sep Fri 13,884,049 4,410,151 13,162,399 0.1386 0.1380 0.1371

KY Sep Sat 12,958,721 4,168,565 12,260,916 0.1294 0.1305 0.1277

KY Oct Sun 12,141,431 5,354,039 11,492,581 0.1174 0.1228 0.1177

KY Oct Mon 13,299,820 5,652,234 12,677,771 0.1286 0.1296 0.1298

KY Oct Tue 17,100,418 7,229,922 16,388,261 0.1654 0.1658 0.1678

KY Oct Wed 17,118,965 7,190,218 16,425,518 0.1656 0.1649 0.1682

KY Oct Thu 17,274,935 7,151,119 16,036,970 0.1671 0.1640 0.1642

KY Oct Fri 13,765,153 5,621,152 12,698,452 0.1331 0.1289 0.1300

KY Oct Sat 12,683,108 5,416,877 11,941,426 0.1227 0.1242 0.1223

KY Nov Sun 12,888,034 5,689,531 11,479,068 0.1276 0.1275 0.1217

KY Nov Mon 13,827,750 6,033,281 12,998,049 0.1369 0.1352 0.1378

KY Nov Tue 14,027,391 6,156,558 13,280,129 0.1388 0.1380 0.1408

KY Nov Wed 13,817,947 6,111,620 13,092,157 0.1368 0.1370 0.1388

KY Nov Thu 13,433,079 6,044,717 12,858,995 0.1330 0.1355 0.1363

KY Nov Fri 16,819,649 7,428,344 15,553,025 0.1665 0.1665 0.1649

KY Nov Sat 16,214,428 7,149,693 15,082,390 0.1605 0.1603 0.1599

KY Dec Sun 16,266,536 7,260,701 15,042,094 0.1533 0.1541 0.1506

KY Dec Mon 17,099,626 7,535,136 16,334,542 0.1612 0.1599 0.1636

KY Dec Tue 17,351,671 7,571,480 16,257,812 0.1636 0.1607 0.1628

KY Dec Wed 14,124,157 6,354,861 13,497,177 0.1332 0.1348 0.1352

KY Dec Thu 13,901,436 6,145,481 13,098,858 0.1311 0.1304 0.1312

KY Dec Fri 13,867,147 6,193,877 13,039,149 0.1307 0.1314 0.1306

KY Dec Sat 13,465,992 6,065,424 12,595,635 0.1269 0.1287 0.1261

MS Jan Sun 2,934,027 1,547,031 5,070,324 0.1128 0.1034 0.1012

MS Jan Mon 3,211,301 1,796,701 6,005,754 0.1235 0.1201 0.1199

MS Jan Tue 4,376,210 2,575,555 8,503,271 0.1683 0.1722 0.1698

MS Jan Wed 4,447,777 2,510,206 8,647,532 0.1711 0.1678 0.1727

MS Jan Thu 4,254,311 2,482,838 8,660,945 0.1636 0.1660 0.1729

MS Jan Fri 3,387,442 2,084,011 7,203,543 0.1303 0.1393 0.1438

G-6

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 121 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix G

Average 2000-2004 State Level Monthly-Day of Week Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Day of Week [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Average Values [2000-2004]

Calculated Ratios

MS Jan Sat 3,391,361 1,962,660 5,991,150 0.1304 0.1312 0.1196

MS Feb Sun 2,865,707 1,539,649 4,982,124 0.1351 0.1296 0.1231

MS Feb Mon 3,045,835 1,706,390 5,818,853 0.1436 0.1436 0.1438

MS Feb Tue 2,946,366 1,680,065 6,058,331 0.1389 0.1414 0.1497

MS Feb Wed 3,050,683 1,748,835 6,271,216 0.1439 0.1472 0.1550

MS Feb Thu 3,152,909 1,772,814 6,454,138 0.1487 0.1492 0.1595

MS Feb Fri 3,183,084 1,721,498 5,634,487 0.1501 0.1449 0.1392

MS Feb Sat 2,961,648 1,711,108 5,252,034 0.1397 0.1440 0.1298

MS Mar Sun 3,536,374 1,770,341 6,574,596 0.1385 0.1345 0.1395

MS Mar Mon 3,354,673 1,837,396 6,523,294 0.1314 0.1396 0.1384

MS Mar Tue 3,739,452 1,994,948 6,723,534 0.1465 0.1516 0.1427

MS Mar Wed 3,656,975 1,879,896 6,472,039 0.1433 0.1429 0.1373

MS Mar Thu 3,519,508 1,781,031 6,253,976 0.1379 0.1354 0.1327

MS Mar Fri 3,858,765 1,999,341 7,488,276 0.1512 0.1519 0.1589

MS Mar Sat 3,862,595 1,895,332 7,093,809 0.1513 0.1440 0.1505

MS Apr Sun 2,802,706 1,550,523 5,068,596 0.1317 0.1269 0.1097

MS Apr Mon 3,522,340 2,054,745 7,897,071 0.1656 0.1682 0.1709

MS Apr Tue 3,368,315 2,015,573 8,579,047 0.1583 0.1650 0.1857

MS Apr Wed 2,960,970 1,712,096 6,675,080 0.1392 0.1402 0.1445

MS Apr Thu 2,955,704 1,732,620 6,321,601 0.1389 0.1419 0.1368

MS Apr Fri 2,856,821 1,592,191 6,260,019 0.1343 0.1304 0.1355

MS Apr Sat 2,806,900 1,556,465 5,394,296 0.1319 0.1274 0.1168

MS May Sun 2,590,337 1,347,670 5,761,467 0.1171 0.1143 0.1142

MS May Mon 2,821,631 1,516,133 6,688,091 0.1275 0.1286 0.1326

MS May Tue 2,953,516 1,581,490 6,734,189 0.1335 0.1341 0.1335

MS May Wed 3,823,573 1,935,958 8,214,151 0.1728 0.1642 0.1629

MS May Thu 3,670,372 1,965,880 8,388,543 0.1659 0.1667 0.1663

MS May Fri 3,371,461 1,934,087 8,483,172 0.1524 0.1640 0.1682

MS May Sat 2,894,182 1,511,175 6,167,372 0.1308 0.1281 0.1223

MS Jun Sun 3,218,591 1,902,886 7,575,004 0.1571 0.1580 0.1551

MS Jun Mon 2,697,806 1,679,401 6,841,996 0.1317 0.1394 0.1401

MS Jun Tue 2,719,988 1,611,625 6,613,821 0.1327 0.1338 0.1354

MS Jun Wed 2,755,870 1,631,480 6,712,697 0.1345 0.1354 0.1374

MS Jun Thu 2,845,794 1,626,021 6,661,510 0.1389 0.1350 0.1364

MS Jun Fri 2,829,302 1,593,911 6,637,388 0.1381 0.1323 0.1359

MS Jun Sat 3,423,886 2,001,689 7,798,457 0.1671 0.1662 0.1597

MS Jul Sun 2,788,663 1,638,489 6,251,771 0.1288 0.1212 0.1077

MS Jul Mon 3,405,599 2,237,694 10,224,933 0.1573 0.1655 0.1761

MS Jul Tue 3,448,674 2,189,589 10,177,932 0.1592 0.1619 0.1753

MS Jul Wed 3,388,723 2,140,674 9,734,319 0.1565 0.1583 0.1676

MS Jul Thu 2,919,688 1,811,222 7,636,333 0.1348 0.1340 0.1315

MS Jul Fri 2,896,864 1,779,411 7,423,708 0.1338 0.1316 0.1278

MS Jul Sat 2,808,112 1,723,730 6,623,033 0.1297 0.1275 0.1140

MS Aug Sun 2,895,411 1,656,512 6,714,526 0.1254 0.1197 0.1182

MS Aug Mon 3,074,029 1,814,139 7,573,903 0.1331 0.1311 0.1333

MS Aug Tue 3,086,467 1,808,880 7,702,160 0.1336 0.1308 0.1356

MS Aug Wed 3,109,788 1,837,416 7,519,726 0.1346 0.1328 0.1324

MS Aug Thu 3,776,028 2,353,215 9,748,609 0.1635 0.1701 0.1716

MS Aug Fri 3,614,761 2,215,018 9,221,906 0.1565 0.1601 0.1623

MS Aug Sat 3,541,892 2,149,180 8,333,496 0.1533 0.1554 0.1467

MS Sep Sun 3,076,179 1,765,446 6,702,748 0.1499 0.1462 0.1435

MS Sep Mon 3,399,174 2,143,898 8,513,746 0.1656 0.1775 0.1823

MS Sep Tue 2,799,490 1,690,307 6,329,646 0.1364 0.1400 0.1355

MS Sep Wed 2,884,057 1,655,046 6,522,357 0.1405 0.1370 0.1396

MS Sep Thu 2,754,512 1,559,383 6,174,835 0.1342 0.1291 0.1322

MS Sep Fri 2,827,643 1,681,841 6,652,181 0.1378 0.1393 0.1424

MS Sep Sat 2,782,238 1,581,271 5,811,684 0.1356 0.1309 0.1244

G-7

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 122 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix G

Average 2000-2004 State Level Monthly-Day of Week Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Day of Week [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Average Values [2000-2004]

Calculated Ratios

MS Oct Sun 3,278,945 1,583,575 5,127,382 0.1351 0.1163 0.1168

MS Oct Mon 3,248,925 1,854,673 5,569,888 0.1338 0.1362 0.1269

MS Oct Tue 3,990,653 2,290,719 7,468,788 0.1644 0.1683 0.1701

MS Oct Wed 3,843,403 2,259,117 7,721,640 0.1583 0.1659 0.1759

MS Oct Thu 3,738,950 2,254,009 6,989,380 0.1540 0.1656 0.1592

MS Oct Fri 3,057,451 1,786,361 5,631,502 0.1259 0.1312 0.1283

MS Oct Sat 3,116,847 1,586,390 5,398,799 0.1284 0.1165 0.1230

MS Nov Sun 2,968,150 1,518,472 4,817,704 0.1225 0.1055 0.1165

MS Nov Mon 3,277,374 2,027,572 6,000,382 0.1353 0.1408 0.1451

MS Nov Tue 3,430,763 2,101,835 6,096,504 0.1416 0.1460 0.1474

MS Nov Wed 3,723,161 2,303,904 6,077,856 0.1537 0.1600 0.1470

MS Nov Thu 3,320,974 1,859,539 5,420,987 0.1371 0.1291 0.1311

MS Nov Fri 3,670,295 2,220,336 6,568,420 0.1515 0.1542 0.1588

MS Nov Sat 3,831,361 2,367,555 6,378,066 0.1582 0.1644 0.1542

MS Dec Sun 4,165,179 2,346,770 6,260,737 0.1615 0.1505 0.1389

MS Dec Mon 3,980,279 2,569,066 8,105,561 0.1543 0.1648 0.1798

MS Dec Tue 3,854,472 2,566,199 7,311,023 0.1495 0.1646 0.1622

MS Dec Wed 3,359,960 2,132,483 6,471,988 0.1303 0.1368 0.1435

MS Dec Thu 3,395,266 2,018,285 5,948,199 0.1317 0.1294 0.1319

MS Dec Fri 3,506,671 2,023,650 5,728,721 0.1360 0.1298 0.1271

MS Dec Sat 3,526,047 1,937,249 5,261,466 0.1367 0.1242 0.1167

NC Jan Sun 11,560,761 4,249,277 9,886,708 0.1188 0.1147 0.1072

NC Jan Mon 12,574,135 4,827,083 11,673,165 0.1292 0.1303 0.1265

NC Jan Tue 15,914,366 5,976,859 14,437,971 0.1635 0.1613 0.1565

NC Jan Wed 16,265,175 6,180,766 16,052,916 0.1671 0.1668 0.1740

NC Jan Thu 15,906,990 6,067,725 15,819,307 0.1634 0.1638 0.1715

NC Jan Fri 12,722,270 5,026,049 13,149,759 0.1307 0.1356 0.1425

NC Jan Sat 12,388,186 4,725,877 11,235,081 0.1273 0.1275 0.1218

NC Feb Sun 11,253,673 3,991,235 9,863,838 0.1291 0.1275 0.1277

NC Feb Mon 13,019,558 4,745,266 12,077,127 0.1494 0.1516 0.1564

NC Feb Tue 13,131,342 4,727,808 11,411,117 0.1507 0.1510 0.1478

NC Feb Wed 12,697,796 4,649,147 11,442,703 0.1457 0.1485 0.1482

NC Feb Thu 12,755,297 4,761,010 12,182,443 0.1464 0.1521 0.1578

NC Feb Fri 12,543,945 4,351,743 10,497,224 0.1440 0.1390 0.1359

NC Feb Sat 11,735,833 4,079,787 9,745,618 0.1347 0.1303 0.1262

NC Mar Sun 13,215,914 4,396,336 10,507,879 0.1351 0.1308 0.1276

NC Mar Mon 13,109,591 4,680,045 12,123,509 0.1340 0.1392 0.1473

NC Mar Tue 13,489,418 4,803,912 12,457,110 0.1379 0.1429 0.1513

NC Mar Wed 13,251,851 4,629,968 11,247,320 0.1355 0.1377 0.1366

NC Mar Thu 13,003,971 4,452,547 10,611,013 0.1329 0.1324 0.1289

NC Mar Fri 16,099,512 5,471,485 13,239,143 0.1646 0.1627 0.1608

NC Mar Sat 15,662,956 5,186,547 12,137,290 0.1601 0.1543 0.1474

NC Apr Sun 10,365,527 3,419,497 8,537,340 0.1120 0.1085 0.1040

NC Apr Mon 15,778,590 5,363,049 14,204,953 0.1704 0.1702 0.1730

NC Apr Tue 16,016,035 5,633,374 15,421,565 0.1730 0.1788 0.1878

NC Apr Wed 12,837,940 4,348,243 11,661,251 0.1387 0.1380 0.1420

NC Apr Thu 13,058,838 4,448,763 11,453,508 0.1410 0.1412 0.1395

NC Apr Fri 12,672,336 4,394,180 11,092,891 0.1369 0.1395 0.1351

NC Apr Sat 11,854,316 3,903,067 9,742,692 0.1280 0.1239 0.1186

NC May Sun 10,567,915 3,460,975 10,014,907 0.1136 0.1117 0.1080

NC May Mon 11,380,064 3,829,182 11,589,806 0.1224 0.1235 0.1250

NC May Tue 11,927,341 4,012,583 12,246,904 0.1282 0.1295 0.1321

NC May Wed 15,656,917 5,171,053 15,443,752 0.1683 0.1668 0.1666

NC May Thu 15,919,175 5,248,882 15,559,076 0.1712 0.1694 0.1678

NC May Fri 15,768,764 5,307,036 15,945,613 0.1695 0.1712 0.1720

NC May Sat 11,790,435 3,963,302 11,901,876 0.1268 0.1279 0.1284

NC Jun Sun 13,367,053 4,138,287 12,252,759 0.1489 0.1479 0.1414

G-8

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 123 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix G

Average 2000-2004 State Level Monthly-Day of Week Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Day of Week [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Average Values [2000-2004]

Calculated Ratios

NC Jun Mon 11,979,927 3,818,428 11,743,113 0.1334 0.1365 0.1355

NC Jun Tue 12,240,369 3,803,148 12,035,557 0.1363 0.1359 0.1389

NC Jun Wed 12,709,046 3,888,576 12,455,794 0.1416 0.1390 0.1437

NC Jun Thu 12,725,711 4,055,491 12,717,286 0.1417 0.1449 0.1468

NC Jun Fri 12,229,854 3,828,431 12,054,275 0.1362 0.1368 0.1391

NC Jun Sat 14,531,658 4,449,489 13,397,596 0.1619 0.1590 0.1546

NC Jul Sun 11,246,431 3,418,516 10,641,975 0.1167 0.1153 0.1112

NC Jul Mon 15,651,357 4,989,285 16,150,177 0.1624 0.1682 0.1688

NC Jul Tue 16,108,173 5,103,743 16,759,522 0.1671 0.1721 0.1752

NC Jul Wed 16,579,960 5,132,330 16,715,137 0.1720 0.1731 0.1747

NC Jul Thu 12,670,597 3,862,163 12,537,462 0.1315 0.1302 0.1311

NC Jul Fri 12,278,284 3,696,064 12,009,448 0.1274 0.1246 0.1255

NC Jul Sat 11,838,669 3,454,214 10,851,183 0.1228 0.1165 0.1134

NC Aug Sun 11,479,244 3,358,626 10,736,719 0.1170 0.1097 0.1094

NC Aug Mon 12,629,747 3,877,004 12,763,508 0.1287 0.1266 0.1301

NC Aug Tue 12,812,427 4,063,792 13,237,499 0.1306 0.1327 0.1349

NC Aug Wed 13,012,606 4,137,501 13,383,854 0.1326 0.1351 0.1364

NC Aug Thu 16,525,562 5,294,573 17,020,078 0.1684 0.1729 0.1735

NC Aug Fri 16,384,752 5,213,137 16,625,089 0.1670 0.1702 0.1695

NC Aug Sat 15,265,391 4,683,482 14,336,782 0.1556 0.1529 0.1461

NC Sep Sun 13,712,599 4,074,212 12,514,877 0.1518 0.1496 0.1482

NC Sep Mon 15,128,207 4,601,799 14,184,006 0.1675 0.1690 0.1679

NC Sep Tue 12,446,519 3,728,527 11,630,920 0.1378 0.1369 0.1377

NC Sep Wed 12,427,864 3,750,678 12,093,798 0.1376 0.1378 0.1432

NC Sep Thu 12,665,249 3,791,337 12,075,466 0.1402 0.1393 0.1430

NC Sep Fri 12,425,087 3,827,947 11,780,541 0.1376 0.1406 0.1395

NC Sep Sat 11,504,324 3,451,066 10,176,479 0.1274 0.1268 0.1205

NC Oct Sun 9,926,001 3,347,481 9,219,235 0.1066 0.1075 0.1106

NC Oct Mon 12,000,192 4,004,111 10,100,002 0.1289 0.1286 0.1212

NC Oct Tue 15,724,365 5,416,992 14,901,932 0.1689 0.1740 0.1788

NC Oct Wed 15,819,491 5,289,407 14,324,894 0.1700 0.1699 0.1719

NC Oct Thu 15,750,876 5,302,371 13,678,768 0.1692 0.1703 0.1641

NC Oct Fri 12,372,634 4,029,992 10,848,320 0.1329 0.1294 0.1301

NC Oct Sat 11,483,709 3,749,869 10,282,460 0.1234 0.1204 0.1234

NC Nov Sun 10,023,278 3,222,274 7,792,129 0.1114 0.1075 0.1068

NC Nov Mon 12,447,300 4,137,529 9,964,986 0.1384 0.1380 0.1366

NC Nov Tue 12,881,077 4,292,782 10,453,683 0.1432 0.1432 0.1433

NC Nov Wed 12,916,994 4,383,358 10,645,915 0.1436 0.1462 0.1460

NC Nov Thu 12,385,728 4,224,955 10,610,434 0.1377 0.1409 0.1455

NC Nov Fri 15,167,077 5,089,774 12,499,202 0.1686 0.1698 0.1714

NC Nov Sat 14,133,571 4,626,771 10,974,544 0.1571 0.1543 0.1505

NC Dec Sun 14,791,350 5,258,122 13,326,998 0.1505 0.1469 0.1371

NC Dec Mon 16,237,678 5,826,236 15,406,573 0.1652 0.1628 0.1585

NC Dec Tue 16,315,997 5,957,529 16,703,694 0.1660 0.1664 0.1719

NC Dec Wed 12,963,222 4,805,957 13,540,009 0.1319 0.1343 0.1393

NC Dec Thu 12,777,627 4,841,250 14,031,890 0.1300 0.1353 0.1444

NC Dec Fri 12,568,143 4,666,300 12,869,912 0.1279 0.1304 0.1324

NC Dec Sat 12,611,354 4,438,087 11,306,307 0.1283 0.1240 0.1163

SC Jan Sun 5,286,611 2,299,193 5,931,799 0.1209 0.1247 0.1196

SC Jan Mon 5,518,504 2,268,103 6,449,806 0.1262 0.1230 0.1301

SC Jan Tue 7,105,148 2,913,672 8,059,401 0.1625 0.1581 0.1626

SC Jan Wed 7,212,795 2,960,524 7,936,264 0.1650 0.1606 0.1601

SC Jan Thu 7,225,322 3,082,517 8,272,676 0.1653 0.1672 0.1669

SC Jan Fri 5,801,117 2,484,678 6,705,029 0.1327 0.1348 0.1352

SC Jan Sat 5,572,491 2,423,861 6,225,516 0.1275 0.1315 0.1256

SC Feb Sun 5,294,051 2,161,161 5,744,847 0.1374 0.1344 0.1329

SC Feb Mon 5,615,000 2,312,931 6,373,437 0.1457 0.1438 0.1474

G-9

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 124 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix G

Average 2000-2004 State Level Monthly-Day of Week Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Day of Week [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Average Values [2000-2004]

Calculated Ratios

SC Feb Tue 5,605,890 2,374,050 6,441,940 0.1455 0.1476 0.1490

SC Feb Wed 5,521,102 2,343,140 6,387,296 0.1433 0.1457 0.1478

SC Feb Thu 5,670,915 2,389,128 6,494,850 0.1471 0.1485 0.1502

SC Feb Fri 5,519,594 2,264,999 6,018,260 0.1432 0.1408 0.1392

SC Feb Sat 5,314,483 2,239,090 5,766,696 0.1379 0.1392 0.1334

SC Mar Sun 6,243,777 2,481,381 6,574,279 0.1494 0.1471 0.1362

SC Mar Mon 5,571,915 2,290,581 6,793,033 0.1333 0.1358 0.1407

SC Mar Tue 5,614,590 2,298,253 7,164,458 0.1343 0.1363 0.1484

SC Mar Wed 5,581,053 2,241,721 6,668,461 0.1335 0.1329 0.1381

SC Mar Thu 5,493,948 2,242,960 6,140,967 0.1314 0.1330 0.1272

SC Mar Fri 6,744,831 2,705,745 7,629,740 0.1614 0.1604 0.1581

SC Mar Sat 6,548,817 2,603,100 7,300,062 0.1567 0.1544 0.1512

SC Apr Sun 4,866,897 2,025,673 5,514,502 0.1238 0.1243 0.1185

SC Apr Mon 6,582,528 2,761,303 7,892,285 0.1674 0.1694 0.1695

SC Apr Tue 6,553,751 2,764,562 7,577,646 0.1667 0.1696 0.1628

SC Apr Wed 5,420,705 2,235,667 6,541,198 0.1379 0.1371 0.1405

SC Apr Thu 5,434,929 2,229,200 6,735,259 0.1383 0.1367 0.1447

SC Apr Fri 5,360,997 2,172,034 6,328,859 0.1364 0.1332 0.1360

SC Apr Sat 5,091,734 2,114,032 5,960,624 0.1295 0.1297 0.1280

SC May Sun 4,956,438 2,200,048 6,729,759 0.1199 0.1200 0.1161

SC May Mon 5,224,306 2,306,267 7,328,601 0.1263 0.1257 0.1265

SC May Tue 5,372,448 2,355,685 7,528,493 0.1299 0.1284 0.1299

SC May Wed 6,740,001 2,976,890 9,452,710 0.1630 0.1623 0.1631

SC May Thu 6,940,903 3,066,999 9,693,933 0.1679 0.1672 0.1673

SC May Fri 6,854,306 3,105,902 9,864,722 0.1658 0.1693 0.1702

SC May Sat 5,260,209 2,329,552 7,356,176 0.1272 0.1270 0.1269

SC Jun Sun 6,383,589 2,577,662 8,188,890 0.1557 0.1564 0.1473

SC Jun Mon 5,372,449 2,221,814 7,396,371 0.1310 0.1348 0.1330

SC Jun Tue 5,536,697 2,198,447 7,589,704 0.1350 0.1334 0.1365

SC Jun Wed 5,581,008 2,243,382 7,845,895 0.1361 0.1361 0.1411

SC Jun Thu 5,597,302 2,280,841 7,803,034 0.1365 0.1384 0.1403

SC Jun Fri 5,633,901 2,247,249 7,688,499 0.1374 0.1363 0.1383

SC Jun Sat 6,892,963 2,715,688 9,095,953 0.1681 0.1647 0.1636

SC Jul Sun 5,413,887 2,117,128 7,170,967 0.1234 0.1228 0.1221

SC Jul Mon 7,085,887 2,816,784 9,552,726 0.1615 0.1634 0.1626

SC Jul Tue 7,204,088 2,859,286 9,856,055 0.1642 0.1658 0.1678

SC Jul Wed 7,243,156 2,903,936 9,808,396 0.1651 0.1684 0.1670

SC Jul Thu 5,771,911 2,239,458 7,676,462 0.1316 0.1299 0.1307

SC Jul Fri 5,688,169 2,228,514 7,570,468 0.1297 0.1293 0.1289

SC Jul Sat 5,460,312 2,075,704 7,106,750 0.1245 0.1204 0.1210

SC Aug Sun 5,482,755 2,037,311 7,317,015 0.1228 0.1191 0.1248

SC Aug Mon 5,756,711 2,192,128 7,666,671 0.1289 0.1281 0.1307

SC Aug Tue 5,812,452 2,179,431 7,552,200 0.1302 0.1274 0.1288

SC Aug Wed 5,847,602 2,245,012 7,592,610 0.1310 0.1312 0.1295

SC Aug Thu 7,349,689 2,913,385 9,792,236 0.1646 0.1703 0.1670

SC Aug Fri 7,338,728 2,861,283 9,655,335 0.1644 0.1672 0.1646

SC Aug Sat 7,063,443 2,681,552 9,068,522 0.1582 0.1567 0.1546

SC Sep Sun 6,339,672 2,424,941 7,471,183 0.1572 0.1566 0.1466

SC Sep Mon 6,787,257 2,657,781 8,685,323 0.1683 0.1717 0.1704

SC Sep Tue 5,388,827 2,077,370 7,061,264 0.1336 0.1342 0.1385

SC Sep Wed 5,472,142 2,087,907 7,133,322 0.1357 0.1349 0.1399

SC Sep Thu 5,569,864 2,100,333 7,160,117 0.1381 0.1357 0.1405

SC Sep Fri 5,483,049 2,110,868 7,101,504 0.1360 0.1364 0.1393

SC Sep Sat 5,282,229 2,021,866 6,365,447 0.1310 0.1306 0.1249

SC Oct Sun 5,151,806 1,929,694 5,751,902 0.1210 0.1198 0.1196

SC Oct Mon 5,549,253 2,115,276 6,066,443 0.1304 0.1314 0.1262

SC Oct Tue 6,997,266 2,674,898 7,877,912 0.1644 0.1661 0.1638

G-10

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 125 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix G

Average 2000-2004 State Level Monthly-Day of Week Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Day of Week [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Average Values [2000-2004]

Calculated Ratios

SC Oct Wed 6,894,938 2,655,754 8,340,717 0.1620 0.1649 0.1735

SC Oct Thu 6,986,528 2,639,916 7,522,795 0.1642 0.1640 0.1564

SC Oct Fri 5,491,463 2,044,827 6,110,234 0.1290 0.1270 0.1271

SC Oct Sat 5,489,541 2,041,458 6,417,078 0.1290 0.1268 0.1334

SC Nov Sun 5,303,068 1,987,453 5,023,639 0.1259 0.1270 0.1122

SC Nov Mon 5,595,362 2,093,756 6,380,031 0.1328 0.1338 0.1425

SC Nov Tue 5,920,911 2,160,967 6,713,867 0.1405 0.1381 0.1500

SC Nov Wed 5,810,872 2,172,297 6,727,295 0.1379 0.1388 0.1503

SC Nov Thu 5,716,637 2,122,812 6,301,654 0.1357 0.1356 0.1408

SC Nov Fri 6,991,739 2,559,269 7,160,715 0.1660 0.1635 0.1600

SC Nov Sat 6,791,311 2,553,023 6,455,234 0.1612 0.1631 0.1442

SC Dec Sun 7,036,662 2,681,721 7,352,493 0.1577 0.1571 0.1445

SC Dec Mon 7,256,042 2,832,586 9,388,765 0.1626 0.1660 0.1845

SC Dec Tue 7,256,788 2,771,868 8,759,465 0.1626 0.1624 0.1721

SC Dec Wed 5,797,730 2,196,236 6,716,005 0.1299 0.1287 0.1320

SC Dec Thu 5,798,886 2,203,624 6,558,441 0.1300 0.1291 0.1289

SC Dec Fri 5,699,841 2,175,738 6,092,912 0.1277 0.1275 0.1197

SC Dec Sat 5,771,520 2,203,060 6,019,090 0.1294 0.1291 0.1183

TN Jan Sun 9,099,686 4,091,623 7,860,007 0.1271 0.1260 0.1114

TN Jan Mon 9,350,839 4,087,116 8,986,290 0.1306 0.1259 0.1274

TN Jan Tue 11,592,830 5,207,451 11,639,003 0.1619 0.1604 0.1650

TN Jan Wed 11,485,493 5,331,473 11,741,383 0.1604 0.1642 0.1664

TN Jan Thu 11,505,996 5,297,978 12,272,227 0.1607 0.1632 0.1740

TN Jan Fri 9,376,798 4,287,250 9,623,665 0.1309 0.1321 0.1364

TN Jan Sat 9,196,527 4,160,758 8,421,408 0.1284 0.1282 0.1194

TN Feb Sun 8,800,773 3,967,147 7,600,561 0.1387 0.1391 0.1315

TN Feb Mon 9,159,306 4,100,701 8,568,313 0.1444 0.1438 0.1482

TN Feb Tue 9,247,034 4,127,780 8,596,687 0.1457 0.1447 0.1487

TN Feb Wed 9,117,262 4,204,190 8,935,096 0.1437 0.1474 0.1546

TN Feb Thu 9,052,507 4,072,547 8,333,834 0.1427 0.1428 0.1442

TN Feb Fri 9,083,992 4,056,706 7,977,179 0.1432 0.1423 0.1380

TN Feb Sat 8,986,225 3,987,899 7,796,234 0.1416 0.1398 0.1349

TN Mar Sun 10,966,197 4,760,105 9,351,965 0.1560 0.1546 0.1485

TN Mar Mon 9,143,307 3,993,837 8,990,902 0.1301 0.1297 0.1428

TN Mar Tue 9,182,937 4,060,570 8,406,031 0.1307 0.1319 0.1335

TN Mar Wed 9,185,207 4,030,563 8,357,946 0.1307 0.1309 0.1327

TN Mar Thu 9,231,709 4,035,004 8,255,316 0.1313 0.1311 0.1311

TN Mar Fri 11,389,629 5,003,488 10,084,990 0.1620 0.1625 0.1601

TN Mar Sat 11,186,046 4,905,757 9,530,974 0.1592 0.1593 0.1513

TN Apr Sun 8,560,160 3,801,188 7,498,187 0.1275 0.1287 0.1204

TN Apr Mon 11,203,790 4,969,527 10,454,039 0.1669 0.1682 0.1679

TN Apr Tue 11,446,890 5,015,504 10,762,527 0.1706 0.1698 0.1729

TN Apr Wed 8,997,027 3,972,060 8,745,116 0.1341 0.1344 0.1405

TN Apr Thu 9,067,307 3,974,330 8,751,285 0.1351 0.1345 0.1406

TN Apr Fri 8,946,817 3,889,910 8,149,838 0.1333 0.1317 0.1309

TN Apr Sat 8,893,112 3,921,629 7,902,956 0.1325 0.1327 0.1269

TN May Sun 8,403,065 3,567,755 8,320,215 0.1243 0.1180 0.1125

TN May Mon 8,539,591 3,716,083 9,348,867 0.1263 0.1229 0.1265

TN May Tue 8,817,207 3,898,796 9,335,224 0.1304 0.1289 0.1263

TN May Wed 11,087,808 4,969,226 12,093,631 0.1640 0.1643 0.1636

TN May Thu 10,990,628 5,056,791 12,579,593 0.1626 0.1672 0.1702

TN May Fri 11,052,801 5,165,825 12,864,637 0.1635 0.1708 0.1740

TN May Sat 8,713,746 3,865,517 9,382,473 0.1289 0.1278 0.1269

TN Jun Sun 10,393,098 4,533,967 11,156,081 0.1599 0.1644 0.1594

TN Jun Mon 8,711,697 3,725,581 9,783,408 0.1340 0.1351 0.1398

TN Jun Tue 8,741,729 3,627,897 9,459,498 0.1345 0.1316 0.1352

TN Jun Wed 8,766,721 3,631,756 9,539,806 0.1349 0.1317 0.1363

G-11

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 126 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix G

Average 2000-2004 State Level Monthly-Day of Week Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Day of Week [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Average Values [2000-2004]

Calculated Ratios

TN Jun Thu 8,848,458 3,742,830 9,620,040 0.1361 0.1358 0.1375

TN Jun Fri 8,762,875 3,790,104 9,262,557 0.1348 0.1375 0.1324

TN Jun Sat 10,770,608 4,518,386 11,161,866 0.1657 0.1639 0.1595

TN Jul Sun 8,894,036 3,579,627 9,352,175 0.1287 0.1257 0.1237

TN Jul Mon 11,252,738 4,697,567 12,710,610 0.1628 0.1650 0.1681

TN Jul Tue 11,137,713 4,767,180 12,778,672 0.1611 0.1674 0.1690

TN Jul Wed 11,200,250 4,781,047 12,540,421 0.1621 0.1679 0.1658

TN Jul Thu 8,854,548 3,652,058 9,565,743 0.1281 0.1283 0.1265

TN Jul Fri 8,854,281 3,501,416 9,340,928 0.1281 0.1230 0.1235

TN Jul Sat 8,921,698 3,493,570 9,339,060 0.1291 0.1227 0.1235

TN Aug Sun 8,473,075 3,359,083 8,744,330 0.1242 0.1202 0.1158

TN Aug Mon 8,749,130 3,521,647 9,755,649 0.1283 0.1261 0.1292

TN Aug Tue 8,913,755 3,615,783 9,963,585 0.1307 0.1294 0.1320

TN Aug Wed 8,964,350 3,725,019 9,943,413 0.1314 0.1333 0.1317

TN Aug Thu 11,193,413 4,717,520 12,762,471 0.1641 0.1689 0.1691

TN Aug Fri 10,997,095 4,615,603 12,369,001 0.1612 0.1652 0.1639

TN Aug Sat 10,912,952 4,383,365 11,944,515 0.1600 0.1569 0.1582

TN Sep Sun 10,404,619 4,343,533 10,196,585 0.1625 0.1656 0.1530

TN Sep Mon 10,676,388 4,428,210 11,176,536 0.1667 0.1689 0.1677

TN Sep Tue 8,551,785 3,567,888 9,085,899 0.1336 0.1361 0.1363

TN Sep Wed 8,498,673 3,440,180 9,105,219 0.1327 0.1312 0.1366

TN Sep Thu 8,615,031 3,408,390 9,133,138 0.1346 0.1300 0.1370

TN Sep Fri 8,756,376 3,556,133 9,246,219 0.1368 0.1356 0.1387

TN Sep Sat 8,525,133 3,478,882 8,714,045 0.1331 0.1327 0.1307

TN Oct Sun 8,531,840 3,835,755 7,772,483 0.1269 0.1266 0.1222

TN Oct Mon 8,892,684 3,950,484 8,309,721 0.1323 0.1304 0.1307

TN Oct Tue 10,917,649 4,858,337 10,314,372 0.1624 0.1603 0.1622

TN Oct Wed 10,773,156 4,936,690 10,827,798 0.1603 0.1629 0.1702

TN Oct Thu 10,901,265 4,951,409 10,418,961 0.1622 0.1634 0.1638

TN Oct Fri 8,672,179 3,928,690 8,161,391 0.1290 0.1297 0.1283

TN Oct Sat 8,518,967 3,840,721 7,795,377 0.1268 0.1267 0.1226

TN Nov Sun 8,241,119 3,919,519 7,683,311 0.1281 0.1305 0.1261

TN Nov Mon 8,660,832 4,016,217 8,330,173 0.1346 0.1338 0.1367

TN Nov Tue 8,692,746 4,018,035 8,354,128 0.1351 0.1338 0.1371

TN Nov Wed 8,831,053 4,072,301 8,375,377 0.1372 0.1356 0.1375

TN Nov Thu 8,819,830 4,107,426 8,125,227 0.1371 0.1368 0.1334

TN Nov Fri 10,672,438 4,930,921 10,247,631 0.1658 0.1642 0.1682

TN Nov Sat 10,433,116 4,960,736 9,814,868 0.1621 0.1652 0.1611

TN Dec Sun 10,493,511 5,080,387 9,970,039 0.1607 0.1607 0.1565

TN Dec Mon 10,472,176 5,047,077 10,091,372 0.1604 0.1597 0.1584

TN Dec Tue 10,364,186 5,053,370 10,218,924 0.1587 0.1598 0.1604

TN Dec Wed 8,430,160 4,133,341 8,447,439 0.1291 0.1307 0.1326

TN Dec Thu 8,400,272 4,064,361 8,215,987 0.1286 0.1286 0.1290

TN Dec Fri 8,538,944 4,171,606 8,609,539 0.1308 0.1320 0.1352

TN Dec Sat 8,605,180 4,063,075 8,138,063 0.1318 0.1285 0.1278

VA Jan Sun 5,811,765 2,316,017 7,616,300 0.1190 0.1197 0.1244

VA Jan Mon 6,211,403 2,485,527 7,917,891 0.1272 0.1284 0.1294

VA Jan Tue 7,940,198 3,138,739 9,712,340 0.1626 0.1622 0.1587

VA Jan Wed 8,024,931 3,204,521 10,072,675 0.1644 0.1656 0.1646

VA Jan Thu 8,113,493 3,186,724 9,926,427 0.1662 0.1646 0.1622

VA Jan Fri 6,460,028 2,592,834 8,413,562 0.1323 0.1340 0.1375

VA Jan Sat 6,258,098 2,430,307 7,542,331 0.1282 0.1256 0.1232

VA Feb Sun 5,807,914 2,167,826 6,825,013 0.1368 0.1345 0.1363

VA Feb Mon 6,350,995 2,452,208 7,696,337 0.1496 0.1521 0.1537

VA Feb Tue 6,219,530 2,418,822 7,435,721 0.1465 0.1500 0.1485

VA Feb Wed 6,140,607 2,358,956 7,187,303 0.1446 0.1463 0.1436

VA Feb Thu 6,247,503 2,395,843 7,595,661 0.1471 0.1486 0.1517

G-12

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 127 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix G

Average 2000-2004 State Level Monthly-Day of Week Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Day of Week [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Average Values [2000-2004]

Calculated Ratios

VA Feb Fri 5,958,249 2,218,883 6,858,750 0.1403 0.1376 0.1370

VA Feb Sat 5,734,408 2,108,150 6,461,103 0.1351 0.1308 0.1291

VA Mar Sun 6,546,714 2,460,961 7,210,271 0.1410 0.1397 0.1375

VA Mar Mon 6,199,479 2,422,357 7,382,697 0.1335 0.1376 0.1407

VA Mar Tue 6,467,668 2,472,571 7,695,216 0.1393 0.1404 0.1467

VA Mar Wed 6,285,724 2,391,185 7,319,783 0.1353 0.1358 0.1395

VA Mar Thu 6,219,394 2,338,411 6,727,654 0.1339 0.1328 0.1283

VA Mar Fri 7,586,557 2,841,834 8,251,167 0.1633 0.1614 0.1573

VA Mar Sat 7,140,328 2,682,658 7,869,685 0.1537 0.1523 0.1500

VA Apr Sun 5,372,630 1,885,933 5,689,911 0.1182 0.1111 0.1023

VA Apr Mon 7,705,227 2,927,979 9,715,459 0.1696 0.1725 0.1746

VA Apr Tue 7,721,008 3,004,679 10,378,295 0.1699 0.1770 0.1865

VA Apr Wed 6,305,442 2,407,495 8,290,264 0.1388 0.1418 0.1490

VA Apr Thu 6,439,621 2,426,647 8,198,125 0.1417 0.1429 0.1473

VA Apr Fri 6,095,372 2,276,176 7,413,038 0.1342 0.1341 0.1332

VA Apr Sat 5,795,340 2,049,349 5,953,890 0.1276 0.1207 0.1070

VA May Sun 5,016,098 2,303,849 8,186,499 0.1127 0.1136 0.1165

VA May Mon 5,618,443 2,483,055 9,338,456 0.1262 0.1225 0.1329

VA May Tue 5,887,808 2,662,709 9,429,232 0.1323 0.1313 0.1342

VA May Wed 7,492,377 3,701,360 11,942,285 0.1683 0.1825 0.1699

VA May Thu 7,331,220 3,231,990 10,860,283 0.1647 0.1594 0.1545

VA May Fri 7,617,544 3,513,772 11,906,835 0.1711 0.1733 0.1694

VA May Sat 5,546,558 2,380,483 8,609,908 0.1246 0.1174 0.1225

VA Jun Sun 6,513,553 2,944,360 8,979,026 0.1469 0.1579 0.1378

VA Jun Mon 5,944,473 2,397,677 8,636,259 0.1341 0.1286 0.1326

VA Jun Tue 6,003,344 2,404,199 9,085,917 0.1354 0.1290 0.1395

VA Jun Wed 6,290,346 2,771,395 9,628,014 0.1419 0.1486 0.1478

VA Jun Thu 6,247,335 2,822,810 9,834,003 0.1409 0.1514 0.1509

VA Jun Fri 6,138,069 2,382,480 8,912,624 0.1384 0.1278 0.1368

VA Jun Sat 7,199,701 2,920,958 10,076,854 0.1624 0.1567 0.1547

VA Jul Sun 5,503,862 2,224,650 8,312,789 0.1168 0.1191 0.1157

VA Jul Mon 7,633,800 3,278,534 12,325,491 0.1620 0.1755 0.1715

VA Jul Tue 7,823,761 3,126,318 12,341,767 0.1661 0.1673 0.1718

VA Jul Wed 7,952,170 3,092,320 12,102,055 0.1688 0.1655 0.1684

VA Jul Thu 6,287,319 2,419,804 9,400,829 0.1334 0.1295 0.1308

VA Jul Fri 6,140,261 2,380,424 9,079,155 0.1303 0.1274 0.1264

VA Jul Sat 5,774,825 2,163,984 8,290,648 0.1226 0.1158 0.1154

VA Aug Sun 5,448,930 2,097,174 8,196,327 0.1158 0.1069 0.1093

VA Aug Mon 6,139,944 2,465,314 9,840,814 0.1304 0.1257 0.1312

VA Aug Tue 6,193,758 2,612,080 10,136,460 0.1316 0.1332 0.1352

VA Aug Wed 6,186,308 2,620,372 9,968,553 0.1314 0.1336 0.1329

VA Aug Thu 7,809,322 3,289,728 12,666,064 0.1659 0.1677 0.1689

VA Aug Fri 7,865,395 3,581,866 13,016,442 0.1671 0.1826 0.1736

VA Aug Sat 7,428,011 2,947,669 11,157,963 0.1578 0.1503 0.1488

VA Sep Sun 6,177,672 2,488,478 8,731,469 0.1489 0.1500 0.1439

VA Sep Mon 7,109,030 2,890,060 10,904,947 0.1713 0.1742 0.1797

VA Sep Tue 5,928,175 2,381,555 8,626,984 0.1429 0.1435 0.1421

VA Sep Wed 5,932,703 2,271,312 8,613,889 0.1430 0.1369 0.1419

VA Sep Thu 5,889,653 2,273,535 8,570,257 0.1420 0.1370 0.1412

VA Sep Fri 5,437,800 2,220,372 7,955,577 0.1311 0.1338 0.1311

VA Sep Sat 5,013,585 2,069,804 7,287,614 0.1208 0.1247 0.1201

VA Oct Sun 4,771,469 1,784,307 5,367,161 0.1141 0.1102 0.1089

VA Oct Mon 5,414,776 2,165,936 6,569,238 0.1294 0.1337 0.1333

VA Oct Tue 7,072,886 2,772,936 8,419,584 0.1691 0.1712 0.1708

VA Oct Wed 7,030,678 2,680,581 8,274,150 0.1681 0.1655 0.1679

VA Oct Thu 6,960,514 2,691,664 8,339,010 0.1664 0.1662 0.1692

VA Oct Fri 5,531,903 2,160,818 6,476,213 0.1322 0.1334 0.1314

G-13

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 128 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix G

Average 2000-2004 State Level Monthly-Day of Week Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Day of Week [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Average Values [2000-2004]

Calculated Ratios

VA Oct Sat 5,052,803 1,939,255 5,841,623 0.1208 0.1197 0.1185

VA Nov Sun 4,951,164 1,817,900 5,508,618 0.1146 0.1103 0.1051

VA Nov Mon 5,894,107 2,288,508 7,448,643 0.1365 0.1389 0.1421

VA Nov Tue 6,154,674 2,395,715 8,186,811 0.1425 0.1454 0.1562

VA Nov Wed 6,258,978 2,403,829 7,844,902 0.1449 0.1459 0.1496

VA Nov Thu 5,847,652 2,232,942 7,199,537 0.1354 0.1355 0.1373

VA Nov Fri 7,594,341 2,888,008 8,967,164 0.1758 0.1753 0.1711

VA Nov Sat 6,493,259 2,451,598 7,267,207 0.1503 0.1488 0.1386

VA Dec Sun 7,487,546 2,806,711 8,422,661 0.1571 0.1502 0.1407

VA Dec Mon 7,706,240 3,188,365 11,274,103 0.1617 0.1706 0.1883

VA Dec Tue 7,650,735 2,999,800 9,868,823 0.1605 0.1605 0.1648

VA Dec Wed 6,147,705 2,394,021 7,657,538 0.1290 0.1281 0.1279

VA Dec Thu 6,246,331 2,471,379 7,814,089 0.1310 0.1323 0.1305

VA Dec Fri 6,214,437 2,470,674 7,691,748 0.1304 0.1322 0.1285

VA Dec Sat 6,215,963 2,354,510 7,147,977 0.1304 0.1260 0.1194

WV Jan Sun 13,100,315 5,799,646 10,867,329 0.1171 0.1114 0.1172

WV Jan Mon 14,362,750 6,742,714 12,003,777 0.1284 0.1296 0.1294

WV Jan Tue 18,380,394 8,731,334 15,294,185 0.1643 0.1678 0.1649

WV Jan Wed 18,649,891 8,753,658 15,342,028 0.1667 0.1682 0.1654

WV Jan Thu 18,460,881 8,670,949 15,363,013 0.1650 0.1666 0.1656

WV Jan Fri 14,751,419 6,880,007 12,181,754 0.1319 0.1322 0.1313

WV Jan Sat 14,170,249 6,464,543 11,705,645 0.1267 0.1242 0.1262

WV Feb Sun 13,515,091 6,243,479 11,396,913 0.1334 0.1314 0.1345

WV Feb Mon 14,644,850 6,934,137 12,277,541 0.1445 0.1459 0.1449

WV Feb Tue 14,828,460 6,946,924 12,430,932 0.1463 0.1462 0.1467

WV Feb Wed 14,759,293 6,959,149 12,305,147 0.1456 0.1464 0.1452

WV Feb Thu 14,609,084 6,915,589 12,214,470 0.1442 0.1455 0.1442

WV Feb Fri 14,583,419 6,820,286 12,151,113 0.1439 0.1435 0.1434

WV Feb Sat 14,404,898 6,712,438 11,949,578 0.1421 0.1412 0.1410

WV Mar Sun 16,122,515 7,236,109 13,753,265 0.1465 0.1445 0.1489

WV Mar Mon 14,519,230 6,825,535 12,576,681 0.1320 0.1363 0.1362

WV Mar Tue 14,710,069 6,798,174 12,342,614 0.1337 0.1357 0.1337

WV Mar Wed 14,856,321 6,663,871 12,085,672 0.1350 0.1331 0.1309

WV Mar Thu 14,806,603 6,772,985 12,285,137 0.1346 0.1352 0.1330

WV Mar Fri 17,926,131 8,136,390 14,944,895 0.1629 0.1625 0.1619

WV Mar Sat 17,081,123 7,649,154 14,349,306 0.1553 0.1527 0.1554

WV Apr Sun 12,659,911 5,616,755 10,711,173 0.1214 0.1173 0.1197

WV Apr Mon 17,613,006 8,128,426 15,122,209 0.1689 0.1697 0.1691

WV Apr Tue 17,929,618 8,331,690 15,445,939 0.1719 0.1739 0.1727

WV Apr Wed 14,445,569 6,673,004 12,480,197 0.1385 0.1393 0.1395

WV Apr Thu 14,237,092 6,681,897 12,404,167 0.1365 0.1395 0.1387

WV Apr Fri 13,967,495 6,422,716 11,926,943 0.1339 0.1341 0.1333

WV Apr Sat 13,444,678 6,047,689 11,362,797 0.1289 0.1263 0.1270

WV May Sun 11,759,655 4,646,889 10,863,241 0.1127 0.1116 0.1174

WV May Mon 13,257,241 5,319,864 11,860,681 0.1270 0.1278 0.1282

WV May Tue 14,019,375 5,696,886 12,212,949 0.1343 0.1369 0.1320

WV May Wed 17,425,095 7,041,737 15,343,080 0.1670 0.1692 0.1658

WV May Thu 17,510,110 7,006,274 15,483,728 0.1678 0.1683 0.1673

WV May Fri 17,612,584 6,869,355 15,321,354 0.1688 0.1650 0.1656

WV May Sat 12,775,798 5,043,687 11,454,445 0.1224 0.1212 0.1238

WV Jun Sun 14,957,872 5,513,227 13,450,208 0.1499 0.1496 0.1520

WV Jun Mon 13,487,078 4,966,344 12,093,706 0.1352 0.1347 0.1367

WV Jun Tue 13,810,046 4,924,808 12,328,120 0.1384 0.1336 0.1394

WV Jun Wed 14,035,209 5,019,365 12,246,507 0.1407 0.1362 0.1384

WV Jun Thu 13,971,661 5,248,525 12,289,497 0.1400 0.1424 0.1389

WV Jun Fri 13,647,530 5,202,625 11,944,391 0.1368 0.1412 0.1350

WV Jun Sat 15,853,200 5,982,734 14,108,354 0.1589 0.1623 0.1595

G-14

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 129 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix G

Average 2000-2004 State Level Monthly-Day of Week Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Day of Week [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Average Values [2000-2004]

Calculated Ratios

WV Jul Sun 12,579,090 4,859,371 11,483,663 0.1214 0.1244 0.1212

WV Jul Mon 16,922,966 6,628,216 15,654,385 0.1633 0.1697 0.1653

WV Jul Tue 16,829,969 6,510,534 15,642,798 0.1624 0.1667 0.1652

WV Jul Wed 16,922,109 6,356,022 15,616,084 0.1633 0.1628 0.1649

WV Jul Thu 13,767,564 4,995,695 12,445,189 0.1328 0.1279 0.1314

WV Jul Fri 13,765,831 4,996,420 12,282,163 0.1328 0.1280 0.1297

WV Jul Sat 12,864,639 4,702,083 11,594,157 0.1241 0.1204 0.1224

WV Aug Sun 12,420,738 4,243,325 11,548,441 0.1180 0.1124 0.1193

WV Aug Mon 13,711,685 4,876,761 12,698,726 0.1303 0.1292 0.1312

WV Aug Tue 13,802,245 4,932,803 12,778,560 0.1311 0.1307 0.1321

WV Aug Wed 13,982,519 5,203,299 12,734,042 0.1329 0.1378 0.1316

WV Aug Thu 17,526,678 6,525,344 16,118,431 0.1665 0.1729 0.1666

WV Aug Fri 17,375,999 6,269,445 16,109,397 0.1651 0.1661 0.1665

WV Aug Sat 16,421,084 5,700,325 14,781,627 0.1560 0.1510 0.1528

WV Sep Sun 15,387,791 5,583,374 14,178,712 0.1530 0.1541 0.1558

WV Sep Mon 16,479,807 5,987,538 15,060,884 0.1639 0.1653 0.1655

WV Sep Tue 13,653,144 4,977,030 12,477,507 0.1358 0.1374 0.1371

WV Sep Wed 13,978,860 4,854,370 12,357,544 0.1390 0.1340 0.1358

WV Sep Thu 13,844,610 4,851,874 12,422,717 0.1377 0.1339 0.1365

WV Sep Fri 13,973,475 5,127,295 12,521,330 0.1390 0.1415 0.1376

WV Sep Sat 13,230,214 4,848,814 11,984,616 0.1316 0.1338 0.1317

WV Oct Sun 11,795,713 5,328,806 10,519,418 0.1133 0.1112 0.1156

WV Oct Mon 13,506,437 6,360,933 11,820,770 0.1297 0.1327 0.1299

WV Oct Tue 17,397,758 8,030,289 15,157,209 0.1671 0.1675 0.1666

WV Oct Wed 17,332,497 7,975,342 15,086,415 0.1664 0.1664 0.1658

WV Oct Thu 17,546,866 8,115,257 15,238,555 0.1685 0.1693 0.1675

WV Oct Fri 14,025,759 6,395,999 11,980,650 0.1347 0.1334 0.1317

WV Oct Sat 12,529,159 5,721,977 11,175,454 0.1203 0.1194 0.1228

WV Nov Sun 12,129,792 5,619,696 10,631,285 0.1192 0.1169 0.1215

WV Nov Mon 13,864,511 6,604,163 11,913,288 0.1362 0.1373 0.1361

WV Nov Tue 14,354,084 6,781,122 12,170,429 0.1410 0.1410 0.1391

WV Nov Wed 14,405,997 6,847,447 12,275,110 0.1415 0.1424 0.1403

WV Nov Thu 13,730,088 6,400,457 11,689,312 0.1349 0.1331 0.1336

WV Nov Fri 17,117,867 8,198,832 14,796,047 0.1682 0.1705 0.1691

WV Nov Sat 16,186,882 7,639,304 14,026,213 0.1590 0.1589 0.1603

WV Dec Sun 15,617,799 7,200,553 13,529,804 0.1491 0.1460 0.1499

WV Dec Mon 16,601,004 7,918,361 14,743,758 0.1585 0.1606 0.1634

WV Dec Tue 17,036,342 8,066,876 14,717,030 0.1626 0.1636 0.1631

WV Dec Wed 13,898,570 6,561,202 11,840,873 0.1327 0.1331 0.1312

WV Dec Thu 14,069,657 6,626,904 11,884,163 0.1343 0.1344 0.1317

WV Dec Fri 14,040,201 6,649,697 12,003,729 0.1340 0.1349 0.1330

WV Dec Sat 13,500,681 6,282,373 11,515,891 0.1289 0.1274 0.1276

G-15

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 130 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix H

Average 2000-2004 State Level Monthly-Diurnal Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Hour [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

AL Jan 0 3,832,622 1,392,784 4,120,769 0.0395 0.0391 0.0387

AL Jan 1 3,809,746 1,388,794 4,104,496 0.0393 0.0390 0.0385

AL Jan 2 3,837,326 1,409,897 4,181,432 0.0396 0.0396 0.0392

AL Jan 3 3,872,244 1,416,932 4,244,428 0.0399 0.0398 0.0398

AL Jan 4 3,954,578 1,442,167 4,360,856 0.0408 0.0405 0.0409

AL Jan 5 4,058,942 1,485,648 4,575,472 0.0419 0.0417 0.0429

AL Jan 6 4,146,714 1,523,527 4,732,549 0.0428 0.0428 0.0444

AL Jan 7 4,144,066 1,535,797 4,686,268 0.0428 0.0432 0.0440

AL Jan 8 4,154,152 1,527,650 4,662,311 0.0429 0.0429 0.0437

AL Jan 9 4,197,324 1,541,262 4,646,238 0.0433 0.0433 0.0436

AL Jan 10 4,144,211 1,536,368 4,568,193 0.0428 0.0432 0.0429

AL Jan 11 4,106,061 1,520,068 4,516,912 0.0424 0.0427 0.0424

AL Jan 12 4,072,688 1,502,952 4,430,110 0.0420 0.0422 0.0416

AL Jan 13 4,004,292 1,471,843 4,338,987 0.0413 0.0414 0.0407

AL Jan 14 3,946,062 1,451,861 4,298,092 0.0407 0.0408 0.0403

AL Jan 15 3,949,273 1,448,804 4,285,043 0.0407 0.0407 0.0402

AL Jan 16 4,004,065 1,472,030 4,367,663 0.0413 0.0414 0.0410

AL Jan 17 4,121,578 1,522,913 4,569,818 0.0425 0.0428 0.0429

AL Jan 18 4,163,180 1,529,167 4,629,152 0.0430 0.0430 0.0434

AL Jan 19 4,136,097 1,515,161 4,571,459 0.0427 0.0426 0.0429

AL Jan 20 4,145,700 1,519,543 4,577,690 0.0428 0.0427 0.0429

AL Jan 21 4,125,600 1,511,622 4,521,593 0.0426 0.0425 0.0424

AL Jan 22 4,060,942 1,489,296 4,386,027 0.0419 0.0418 0.0411

AL Jan 23 3,942,804 1,431,564 4,232,162 0.0407 0.0402 0.0397

AL Feb 0 3,533,625 1,253,887 3,594,975 0.0396 0.0395 0.0389

AL Feb 1 3,487,513 1,236,149 3,548,210 0.0391 0.0390 0.0384

AL Feb 2 3,483,693 1,239,510 3,560,034 0.0390 0.0391 0.0386

AL Feb 3 3,539,241 1,250,195 3,664,698 0.0396 0.0394 0.0397

AL Feb 4 3,650,176 1,285,888 3,808,325 0.0409 0.0405 0.0413

AL Feb 5 3,760,946 1,330,454 3,964,089 0.0421 0.0420 0.0429

AL Feb 6 3,838,201 1,371,166 4,116,946 0.0430 0.0432 0.0446

AL Feb 7 3,850,449 1,374,094 4,099,473 0.0431 0.0433 0.0444

AL Feb 8 3,807,644 1,369,131 4,026,312 0.0426 0.0432 0.0436

AL Feb 9 3,827,781 1,366,508 3,973,960 0.0429 0.0431 0.0430

AL Feb 10 3,820,790 1,350,468 3,939,317 0.0428 0.0426 0.0427

AL Feb 11 3,818,017 1,344,208 3,929,298 0.0428 0.0424 0.0426

AL Feb 12 3,763,616 1,323,974 3,862,170 0.0421 0.0417 0.0418

AL Feb 13 3,716,580 1,308,905 3,794,748 0.0416 0.0413 0.0411

AL Feb 14 3,707,376 1,308,841 3,783,297 0.0415 0.0413 0.0410

AL Feb 15 3,713,519 1,309,785 3,785,935 0.0416 0.0413 0.0410

AL Feb 16 3,731,767 1,322,800 3,814,771 0.0418 0.0417 0.0413

AL Feb 17 3,785,828 1,346,395 3,931,720 0.0424 0.0425 0.0426

AL Feb 18 3,834,263 1,369,480 4,038,456 0.0429 0.0432 0.0437

AL Feb 19 3,809,317 1,368,459 4,006,765 0.0427 0.0432 0.0434

AL Feb 20 3,786,113 1,353,892 3,910,013 0.0424 0.0427 0.0424

AL Feb 21 3,751,734 1,341,345 3,839,564 0.0420 0.0423 0.0416

AL Feb 22 3,693,699 1,314,805 3,718,028 0.0414 0.0415 0.0403

AL Feb 23 3,587,387 1,272,233 3,609,697 0.0402 0.0401 0.0391

AL Mar 0 3,884,884 1,355,573 3,822,870 0.0397 0.0392 0.0383

AL Mar 1 3,827,542 1,337,086 3,777,070 0.0391 0.0386 0.0379

AL Mar 2 3,820,846 1,339,596 3,789,362 0.0390 0.0387 0.0380

AL Mar 3 3,841,024 1,348,644 3,826,479 0.0392 0.0389 0.0384

AL Mar 4 3,914,521 1,377,239 3,929,343 0.0400 0.0398 0.0394

Average Values [2000-2004]

Calculated Ratios

H-1

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 131 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix H

Average 2000-2004 State Level Monthly-Diurnal Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Hour [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Average Values [2000-2004]

Calculated Ratios

AL Mar 5 4,054,316 1,429,153 4,139,114 0.0414 0.0413 0.0415

AL Mar 6 4,127,528 1,459,314 4,262,823 0.0421 0.0421 0.0427

AL Mar 7 4,154,653 1,464,376 4,233,137 0.0424 0.0423 0.0424

AL Mar 8 4,166,633 1,472,592 4,261,932 0.0425 0.0425 0.0427

AL Mar 9 4,189,848 1,479,971 4,271,323 0.0428 0.0427 0.0428

AL Mar 10 4,174,285 1,483,811 4,268,181 0.0426 0.0429 0.0428

AL Mar 11 4,156,507 1,476,068 4,254,967 0.0424 0.0426 0.0427

AL Mar 12 4,131,520 1,474,033 4,274,598 0.0422 0.0426 0.0429

AL Mar 13 4,108,706 1,462,540 4,246,704 0.0419 0.0422 0.0426

AL Mar 14 4,119,333 1,465,494 4,271,940 0.0420 0.0423 0.0428

AL Mar 15 4,126,074 1,464,845 4,267,467 0.0421 0.0423 0.0428

AL Mar 16 4,137,700 1,475,522 4,249,552 0.0422 0.0426 0.0426

AL Mar 17 4,147,480 1,475,701 4,253,733 0.0423 0.0426 0.0426

AL Mar 18 4,223,743 1,507,052 4,402,908 0.0431 0.0435 0.0441

AL Mar 19 4,226,663 1,498,418 4,412,192 0.0431 0.0433 0.0442

AL Mar 20 4,196,460 1,486,812 4,339,197 0.0428 0.0429 0.0435

AL Mar 21 4,162,035 1,464,285 4,182,939 0.0425 0.0423 0.0419

AL Mar 22 4,112,232 1,437,662 4,070,175 0.0420 0.0415 0.0408

AL Mar 23 3,972,501 1,389,240 3,934,933 0.0405 0.0401 0.0395

AL Apr 0 3,363,198 1,217,532 3,698,549 0.0381 0.0377 0.0369

AL Apr 1 3,318,487 1,226,840 3,676,330 0.0376 0.0379 0.0367

AL Apr 2 3,313,384 1,224,253 3,669,911 0.0375 0.0379 0.0367

AL Apr 3 3,402,206 1,231,546 3,742,732 0.0386 0.0381 0.0374

AL Apr 4 3,575,530 1,295,380 3,944,154 0.0405 0.0401 0.0394

AL Apr 5 3,685,748 1,349,191 4,131,717 0.0418 0.0417 0.0413

AL Apr 6 3,715,609 1,373,011 4,187,547 0.0421 0.0425 0.0418

AL Apr 7 3,740,649 1,360,712 4,144,855 0.0424 0.0421 0.0414

AL Apr 8 3,782,629 1,381,548 4,157,764 0.0429 0.0427 0.0415

AL Apr 9 3,818,629 1,386,461 4,271,958 0.0433 0.0429 0.0427

AL Apr 10 3,809,084 1,397,435 4,356,611 0.0432 0.0432 0.0435

AL Apr 11 3,802,578 1,393,134 4,406,377 0.0431 0.0431 0.0440

AL Apr 12 3,771,988 1,384,184 4,419,719 0.0427 0.0428 0.0441

AL Apr 13 3,779,174 1,386,794 4,441,381 0.0428 0.0429 0.0444

AL Apr 14 3,782,737 1,396,661 4,457,323 0.0429 0.0432 0.0445

AL Apr 15 3,775,005 1,406,020 4,451,082 0.0428 0.0435 0.0445

AL Apr 16 3,781,714 1,398,764 4,427,061 0.0429 0.0433 0.0442

AL Apr 17 3,791,836 1,397,385 4,412,649 0.0430 0.0432 0.0441

AL Apr 18 3,815,899 1,409,963 4,458,379 0.0432 0.0436 0.0445

AL Apr 19 3,827,202 1,415,440 4,450,921 0.0434 0.0438 0.0445

AL Apr 20 3,781,426 1,386,890 4,338,012 0.0429 0.0429 0.0433

AL Apr 21 3,714,250 1,353,685 4,167,295 0.0421 0.0419 0.0416

AL Apr 22 3,598,737 1,302,914 3,919,037 0.0408 0.0403 0.0391

AL Apr 23 3,495,479 1,258,528 3,798,145 0.0396 0.0389 0.0379

AL May 0 3,336,544 1,204,200 3,957,971 0.0371 0.0369 0.0350

AL May 1 3,235,207 1,167,840 3,853,580 0.0360 0.0358 0.0341

AL May 2 3,187,798 1,149,355 3,800,179 0.0354 0.0352 0.0336

AL May 3 3,278,716 1,172,350 3,874,610 0.0364 0.0359 0.0343

AL May 4 3,481,698 1,252,805 4,061,025 0.0387 0.0384 0.0359

AL May 5 3,618,028 1,304,064 4,242,931 0.0402 0.0400 0.0376

AL May 6 3,711,280 1,326,707 4,405,290 0.0413 0.0407 0.0390

AL May 7 3,807,688 1,357,099 4,593,502 0.0423 0.0416 0.0407

AL May 8 3,910,037 1,415,728 4,809,122 0.0435 0.0434 0.0426

AL May 9 3,945,371 1,432,231 4,937,386 0.0439 0.0439 0.0437

H-2

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 132 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix H

Average 2000-2004 State Level Monthly-Diurnal Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Hour [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Average Values [2000-2004]

Calculated Ratios

AL May 10 3,959,804 1,444,770 5,078,134 0.0440 0.0443 0.0450

AL May 11 3,984,853 1,463,785 5,187,569 0.0443 0.0449 0.0459

AL May 12 3,967,316 1,463,002 5,269,665 0.0441 0.0448 0.0466

AL May 13 3,969,347 1,469,503 5,321,405 0.0441 0.0450 0.0471

AL May 14 3,973,176 1,470,089 5,352,352 0.0442 0.0451 0.0474

AL May 15 3,983,688 1,477,372 5,362,174 0.0443 0.0453 0.0475

AL May 16 3,969,189 1,447,344 5,261,688 0.0441 0.0444 0.0466

AL May 17 3,947,675 1,438,262 5,195,482 0.0439 0.0441 0.0460

AL May 18 3,917,508 1,433,101 5,143,555 0.0435 0.0439 0.0455

AL May 19 3,942,531 1,451,739 5,163,763 0.0438 0.0445 0.0457

AL May 20 3,882,556 1,399,938 4,962,672 0.0432 0.0429 0.0439

AL May 21 3,786,170 1,355,129 4,694,712 0.0421 0.0415 0.0416

AL May 22 3,658,659 1,283,668 4,334,298 0.0407 0.0393 0.0384

AL May 23 3,507,827 1,247,687 4,104,904 0.0390 0.0382 0.0363

AL Jun 0 3,249,457 1,135,350 3,889,416 0.0373 0.0364 0.0350

AL Jun 1 3,118,010 1,100,797 3,794,112 0.0358 0.0353 0.0342

AL Jun 2 3,046,926 1,081,031 3,725,689 0.0350 0.0347 0.0335

AL Jun 3 3,089,289 1,101,845 3,763,688 0.0355 0.0353 0.0339

AL Jun 4 3,204,111 1,144,934 3,887,662 0.0368 0.0367 0.0350

AL Jun 5 3,301,357 1,176,830 4,024,403 0.0379 0.0377 0.0362

AL Jun 6 3,481,535 1,232,393 4,204,486 0.0400 0.0395 0.0378

AL Jun 7 3,640,010 1,283,636 4,365,599 0.0418 0.0412 0.0393

AL Jun 8 3,786,169 1,336,261 4,591,409 0.0435 0.0428 0.0413

AL Jun 9 3,849,169 1,379,354 4,872,063 0.0442 0.0442 0.0439

AL Jun 10 3,886,151 1,407,767 5,049,662 0.0446 0.0451 0.0455

AL Jun 11 3,899,135 1,415,593 5,234,525 0.0448 0.0454 0.0471

AL Jun 12 3,882,514 1,420,588 5,337,089 0.0446 0.0455 0.0480

AL Jun 13 3,883,981 1,422,434 5,350,779 0.0446 0.0456 0.0482

AL Jun 14 3,891,077 1,426,441 5,325,650 0.0447 0.0457 0.0479

AL Jun 15 3,904,160 1,429,269 5,326,230 0.0448 0.0458 0.0479

AL Jun 16 3,890,967 1,416,563 5,294,467 0.0447 0.0454 0.0477

AL Jun 17 3,874,046 1,403,488 5,238,057 0.0445 0.0450 0.0472

AL Jun 18 3,836,617 1,382,313 5,100,573 0.0440 0.0443 0.0459

AL Jun 19 3,862,525 1,391,041 5,060,286 0.0443 0.0446 0.0456

AL Jun 20 3,825,675 1,372,354 4,862,221 0.0439 0.0440 0.0438

AL Jun 21 3,727,151 1,307,044 4,537,952 0.0428 0.0419 0.0408

AL Jun 22 3,561,423 1,241,753 4,216,643 0.0409 0.0398 0.0380

AL Jun 23 3,410,779 1,184,219 4,036,059 0.0392 0.0380 0.0363

AL Jul 0 3,439,331 1,179,646 4,241,206 0.0376 0.0368 0.0353

AL Jul 1 3,292,043 1,133,656 4,108,549 0.0359 0.0353 0.0342

AL Jul 2 3,221,553 1,112,403 4,048,567 0.0352 0.0347 0.0337

AL Jul 3 3,230,938 1,117,015 4,055,211 0.0353 0.0348 0.0338

AL Jul 4 3,344,145 1,162,812 4,150,241 0.0365 0.0363 0.0346

AL Jul 5 3,442,485 1,205,619 4,325,308 0.0376 0.0376 0.0360

AL Jul 6 3,597,919 1,249,932 4,517,342 0.0393 0.0390 0.0376

AL Jul 7 3,770,680 1,304,482 4,741,948 0.0412 0.0407 0.0395

AL Jul 8 3,936,064 1,383,541 5,014,602 0.0430 0.0431 0.0417

AL Jul 9 4,035,072 1,412,474 5,258,624 0.0441 0.0440 0.0438

AL Jul 10 4,098,677 1,460,627 5,438,453 0.0448 0.0455 0.0453

AL Jul 11 4,121,751 1,454,293 5,604,370 0.0450 0.0453 0.0467

AL Jul 12 4,101,025 1,452,552 5,705,407 0.0448 0.0453 0.0475

AL Jul 13 4,091,145 1,450,657 5,736,411 0.0447 0.0452 0.0478

AL Jul 14 4,102,687 1,458,381 5,760,754 0.0448 0.0455 0.0480

H-3

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 133 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix H

Average 2000-2004 State Level Monthly-Diurnal Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Hour [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Average Values [2000-2004]

Calculated Ratios

AL Jul 15 4,105,831 1,456,744 5,744,619 0.0448 0.0454 0.0478

AL Jul 16 4,088,730 1,450,875 5,678,442 0.0446 0.0452 0.0473

AL Jul 17 4,074,377 1,441,938 5,602,017 0.0445 0.0450 0.0466

AL Jul 18 4,046,811 1,425,856 5,503,034 0.0442 0.0445 0.0458

AL Jul 19 4,057,207 1,423,649 5,489,189 0.0443 0.0444 0.0457

AL Jul 20 4,028,869 1,408,944 5,276,923 0.0440 0.0439 0.0439

AL Jul 21 3,939,185 1,370,873 4,966,147 0.0430 0.0427 0.0413

AL Jul 22 3,785,688 1,311,615 4,694,013 0.0413 0.0409 0.0391

AL Jul 23 3,635,231 1,245,395 4,449,233 0.0397 0.0388 0.0370

AL Aug 0 3,431,253 1,193,699 4,186,623 0.0379 0.0370 0.0350

AL Aug 1 3,307,883 1,150,053 4,077,525 0.0365 0.0356 0.0341

AL Aug 2 3,256,822 1,131,091 4,013,306 0.0360 0.0350 0.0335

AL Aug 3 3,292,935 1,152,962 4,042,147 0.0364 0.0357 0.0338

AL Aug 4 3,449,798 1,209,426 4,215,379 0.0381 0.0375 0.0352

AL Aug 5 3,566,895 1,267,176 4,383,240 0.0394 0.0393 0.0366

AL Aug 6 3,626,514 1,287,197 4,519,263 0.0401 0.0399 0.0378

AL Aug 7 3,741,028 1,342,638 4,671,194 0.0413 0.0416 0.0390

AL Aug 8 3,880,563 1,370,276 4,978,193 0.0429 0.0424 0.0416

AL Aug 9 3,941,442 1,414,788 5,234,978 0.0435 0.0438 0.0437

AL Aug 10 3,984,075 1,443,741 5,472,107 0.0440 0.0447 0.0457

AL Aug 11 4,011,170 1,441,002 5,610,521 0.0443 0.0446 0.0469

AL Aug 12 4,004,862 1,446,340 5,680,752 0.0442 0.0448 0.0475

AL Aug 13 4,006,916 1,450,309 5,728,806 0.0443 0.0449 0.0479

AL Aug 14 4,021,532 1,463,125 5,750,748 0.0444 0.0453 0.0480

AL Aug 15 4,022,793 1,463,121 5,756,612 0.0444 0.0453 0.0481

AL Aug 16 4,011,804 1,453,868 5,709,595 0.0443 0.0450 0.0477

AL Aug 17 3,999,859 1,440,569 5,615,593 0.0442 0.0446 0.0469

AL Aug 18 3,976,679 1,429,307 5,552,926 0.0439 0.0443 0.0464

AL Aug 19 3,970,599 1,424,331 5,462,287 0.0439 0.0441 0.0456

AL Aug 20 3,924,918 1,403,283 5,238,962 0.0434 0.0435 0.0438

AL Aug 21 3,834,050 1,360,582 4,909,036 0.0424 0.0421 0.0410

AL Aug 22 3,681,304 1,297,182 4,559,770 0.0407 0.0402 0.0381

AL Aug 23 3,571,373 1,246,733 4,345,837 0.0395 0.0386 0.0363

AL Sep 0 3,173,133 1,087,802 3,726,533 0.0369 0.0360 0.0342

AL Sep 1 3,085,837 1,064,028 3,661,167 0.0358 0.0352 0.0336

AL Sep 2 3,044,225 1,051,232 3,623,321 0.0354 0.0348 0.0333

AL Sep 3 3,087,917 1,065,342 3,658,420 0.0359 0.0353 0.0336

AL Sep 4 3,281,892 1,134,947 3,853,372 0.0381 0.0376 0.0354

AL Sep 5 3,449,316 1,197,293 4,077,599 0.0401 0.0396 0.0375

AL Sep 6 3,491,093 1,228,696 4,209,757 0.0405 0.0407 0.0387

AL Sep 7 3,589,499 1,273,314 4,339,749 0.0417 0.0422 0.0399

AL Sep 8 3,693,656 1,295,401 4,516,642 0.0429 0.0429 0.0415

AL Sep 9 3,753,630 1,326,750 4,705,712 0.0436 0.0439 0.0432

AL Sep 10 3,793,897 1,344,080 4,868,926 0.0441 0.0445 0.0447

AL Sep 11 3,814,789 1,353,910 5,047,015 0.0443 0.0448 0.0464

AL Sep 12 3,810,937 1,364,922 5,157,180 0.0443 0.0452 0.0474

AL Sep 13 3,824,476 1,365,307 5,211,391 0.0444 0.0452 0.0479

AL Sep 14 3,842,311 1,367,787 5,278,551 0.0446 0.0453 0.0485

AL Sep 15 3,855,155 1,369,353 5,279,121 0.0448 0.0453 0.0485

AL Sep 16 3,842,896 1,364,140 5,244,513 0.0446 0.0452 0.0482

AL Sep 17 3,840,388 1,358,817 5,199,308 0.0446 0.0450 0.0478

AL Sep 18 3,852,451 1,366,889 5,177,795 0.0447 0.0453 0.0476

AL Sep 19 3,838,056 1,349,035 5,040,981 0.0446 0.0447 0.0463

H-4

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 134 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix H

Average 2000-2004 State Level Monthly-Diurnal Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Hour [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Average Values [2000-2004]

Calculated Ratios

AL Sep 20 3,766,174 1,308,138 4,762,991 0.0437 0.0433 0.0437

AL Sep 21 3,627,576 1,252,788 4,357,940 0.0421 0.0415 0.0400

AL Sep 22 3,439,979 1,184,709 4,038,063 0.0400 0.0392 0.0371

AL Sep 23 3,294,649 1,130,504 3,837,152 0.0383 0.0374 0.0352

AL Oct 0 3,632,590 1,292,415 3,716,299 0.0383 0.0376 0.0355

AL Oct 1 3,566,773 1,275,337 3,658,994 0.0376 0.0371 0.0350

AL Oct 2 3,550,154 1,272,032 3,645,593 0.0374 0.0370 0.0348

AL Oct 3 3,622,818 1,298,930 3,715,279 0.0382 0.0378 0.0355

AL Oct 4 3,816,443 1,361,689 3,908,601 0.0402 0.0397 0.0374

AL Oct 5 3,964,777 1,422,147 4,179,281 0.0418 0.0414 0.0399

AL Oct 6 3,982,938 1,464,711 4,302,262 0.0420 0.0427 0.0411

AL Oct 7 4,034,829 1,454,472 4,405,035 0.0425 0.0424 0.0421

AL Oct 8 4,084,350 1,473,771 4,493,838 0.0431 0.0429 0.0430

AL Oct 9 4,092,334 1,486,378 4,588,066 0.0431 0.0433 0.0439

AL Oct 10 4,100,833 1,486,998 4,657,813 0.0432 0.0433 0.0445

AL Oct 11 4,103,409 1,494,434 4,731,151 0.0433 0.0435 0.0452

AL Oct 12 4,077,261 1,489,692 4,761,539 0.0430 0.0434 0.0455

AL Oct 13 4,076,784 1,493,384 4,753,105 0.0430 0.0435 0.0454

AL Oct 14 4,084,027 1,496,244 4,759,557 0.0431 0.0436 0.0455

AL Oct 15 4,091,111 1,496,627 4,745,431 0.0431 0.0436 0.0454

AL Oct 16 4,091,084 1,497,434 4,756,253 0.0431 0.0436 0.0455

AL Oct 17 4,105,544 1,502,049 4,805,118 0.0433 0.0437 0.0459

AL Oct 18 4,104,966 1,503,458 4,764,255 0.0433 0.0438 0.0455

AL Oct 19 4,083,456 1,487,218 4,657,595 0.0430 0.0433 0.0445

AL Oct 20 4,048,426 1,465,206 4,506,250 0.0427 0.0427 0.0431

AL Oct 21 3,970,419 1,423,742 4,241,227 0.0419 0.0415 0.0405

AL Oct 22 3,842,465 1,371,164 4,022,655 0.0405 0.0399 0.0385

AL Oct 23 3,735,034 1,328,366 3,844,323 0.0394 0.0387 0.0367

AL Nov 0 3,267,264 1,247,402 3,299,233 0.0382 0.0385 0.0362

AL Nov 1 3,204,439 1,212,764 3,235,759 0.0375 0.0374 0.0355

AL Nov 2 3,181,765 1,213,704 3,237,355 0.0372 0.0374 0.0356

AL Nov 3 3,208,275 1,219,805 3,277,901 0.0375 0.0376 0.0360

AL Nov 4 3,317,965 1,255,332 3,402,159 0.0388 0.0387 0.0374

AL Nov 5 3,500,997 1,321,240 3,633,182 0.0409 0.0408 0.0399

AL Nov 6 3,617,744 1,374,822 3,878,759 0.0423 0.0424 0.0426

AL Nov 7 3,651,716 1,383,616 3,949,207 0.0427 0.0427 0.0434

AL Nov 8 3,686,742 1,392,750 3,957,532 0.0431 0.0430 0.0435

AL Nov 9 3,724,441 1,400,877 3,976,990 0.0435 0.0432 0.0437

AL Nov 10 3,704,353 1,400,083 4,019,889 0.0433 0.0432 0.0442

AL Nov 11 3,692,782 1,403,186 4,057,061 0.0432 0.0433 0.0446

AL Nov 12 3,676,420 1,393,003 4,030,364 0.0430 0.0430 0.0443

AL Nov 13 3,651,783 1,382,082 3,955,983 0.0427 0.0426 0.0435

AL Nov 14 3,639,470 1,380,674 3,934,235 0.0425 0.0426 0.0432

AL Nov 15 3,642,229 1,376,339 3,903,518 0.0426 0.0425 0.0429

AL Nov 16 3,692,761 1,394,692 4,019,062 0.0432 0.0430 0.0441

AL Nov 17 3,760,549 1,423,722 4,162,605 0.0440 0.0439 0.0457

AL Nov 18 3,753,211 1,429,019 4,186,038 0.0439 0.0441 0.0460

AL Nov 19 3,721,778 1,413,776 4,135,212 0.0435 0.0436 0.0454

AL Nov 20 3,695,216 1,400,293 4,002,565 0.0432 0.0432 0.0440

AL Nov 21 3,641,056 1,376,237 3,826,538 0.0426 0.0425 0.0420

AL Nov 22 3,521,606 1,332,335 3,575,679 0.0412 0.0411 0.0393

AL Nov 23 3,385,691 1,288,165 3,388,264 0.0396 0.0397 0.0372

AL Dec 0 3,528,822 1,323,984 3,877,301 0.0395 0.0395 0.0385

H-5

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 135 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix H

Average 2000-2004 State Level Monthly-Diurnal Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Hour [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Average Values [2000-2004]

Calculated Ratios

AL Dec 1 3,455,700 1,299,710 3,812,929 0.0387 0.0387 0.0378

AL Dec 2 3,450,663 1,302,222 3,812,469 0.0386 0.0388 0.0378

AL Dec 3 3,486,042 1,312,140 3,842,898 0.0390 0.0391 0.0381

AL Dec 4 3,561,526 1,351,413 4,009,684 0.0399 0.0403 0.0398

AL Dec 5 3,691,291 1,392,356 4,216,662 0.0413 0.0415 0.0418

AL Dec 6 3,808,679 1,436,242 4,391,288 0.0426 0.0428 0.0436

AL Dec 7 3,849,370 1,442,553 4,426,423 0.0431 0.0430 0.0439

AL Dec 8 3,867,228 1,445,250 4,389,009 0.0433 0.0431 0.0436

AL Dec 9 3,873,293 1,445,929 4,341,531 0.0434 0.0431 0.0431

AL Dec 10 3,843,700 1,432,897 4,312,111 0.0430 0.0427 0.0428

AL Dec 11 3,800,122 1,418,517 4,254,327 0.0425 0.0423 0.0422

AL Dec 12 3,736,547 1,406,341 4,191,604 0.0418 0.0419 0.0416

AL Dec 13 3,659,619 1,369,323 4,092,232 0.0410 0.0408 0.0406

AL Dec 14 3,606,430 1,356,548 4,069,143 0.0404 0.0404 0.0404

AL Dec 15 3,631,611 1,368,864 4,116,419 0.0406 0.0408 0.0408

AL Dec 16 3,728,053 1,404,849 4,283,856 0.0417 0.0419 0.0425

AL Dec 17 3,878,777 1,456,685 4,475,306 0.0434 0.0434 0.0444

AL Dec 18 3,906,726 1,466,262 4,507,942 0.0437 0.0437 0.0447

AL Dec 19 3,875,131 1,458,101 4,452,005 0.0434 0.0435 0.0442

AL Dec 20 3,876,365 1,452,244 4,397,504 0.0434 0.0433 0.0436

AL Dec 21 3,858,933 1,444,312 4,325,152 0.0432 0.0431 0.0429

AL Dec 22 3,755,148 1,402,934 4,153,973 0.0420 0.0418 0.0412

AL Dec 23 3,614,616 1,359,957 4,017,788 0.0405 0.0405 0.0399

FL Jan 0 4,092,917 2,105,649 6,987,856 0.0353 0.0334 0.0352

FL Jan 1 3,987,160 2,035,874 6,898,903 0.0344 0.0323 0.0347

FL Jan 2 3,969,797 2,031,934 6,906,056 0.0342 0.0323 0.0347

FL Jan 3 4,002,571 2,069,592 7,035,278 0.0345 0.0329 0.0354

FL Jan 4 4,117,388 2,174,218 7,449,461 0.0355 0.0345 0.0375

FL Jan 5 4,479,652 2,396,830 8,148,718 0.0386 0.0381 0.0410

FL Jan 6 5,174,782 2,828,553 9,183,615 0.0446 0.0449 0.0462

FL Jan 7 5,717,909 3,155,634 9,845,442 0.0493 0.0501 0.0495

FL Jan 8 5,760,945 3,192,267 9,911,845 0.0497 0.0507 0.0499

FL Jan 9 5,596,442 3,102,531 9,574,243 0.0482 0.0493 0.0482

FL Jan 10 5,355,908 2,964,195 9,053,718 0.0462 0.0471 0.0456

FL Jan 11 5,051,096 2,824,581 8,500,073 0.0435 0.0448 0.0428

FL Jan 12 4,807,243 2,611,433 8,065,116 0.0414 0.0415 0.0406

FL Jan 13 4,557,208 2,478,633 7,746,587 0.0393 0.0393 0.0390

FL Jan 14 4,348,649 2,364,071 7,449,604 0.0375 0.0375 0.0375

FL Jan 15 4,286,664 2,327,446 7,356,274 0.0370 0.0369 0.0370

FL Jan 16 4,385,028 2,374,163 7,524,846 0.0378 0.0377 0.0379

FL Jan 17 4,858,385 2,645,810 8,268,667 0.0419 0.0420 0.0416

FL Jan 18 5,704,399 3,160,866 9,468,763 0.0492 0.0502 0.0476

FL Jan 19 5,743,463 3,241,746 9,613,610 0.0495 0.0515 0.0484

FL Jan 20 5,498,856 3,078,322 9,308,547 0.0474 0.0489 0.0468

FL Jan 21 5,177,963 2,871,307 8,801,908 0.0446 0.0456 0.0443

FL Jan 22 4,908,336 2,630,830 8,167,507 0.0423 0.0418 0.0411

FL Jan 23 4,428,492 2,323,474 7,484,412 0.0382 0.0369 0.0377

FL Feb 0 2,843,907 1,468,930 5,312,973 0.0303 0.0289 0.0322

FL Feb 1 2,672,347 1,391,877 5,132,938 0.0284 0.0274 0.0311

FL Feb 2 2,564,226 1,347,543 5,007,986 0.0273 0.0265 0.0304

FL Feb 3 2,550,645 1,347,706 5,022,651 0.0271 0.0265 0.0304

FL Feb 4 2,603,632 1,390,611 5,195,066 0.0277 0.0274 0.0315

FL Feb 5 2,897,018 1,552,695 5,719,031 0.0308 0.0305 0.0347

H-6

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 136 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix H

Average 2000-2004 State Level Monthly-Diurnal Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Hour [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Average Values [2000-2004]

Calculated Ratios

FL Feb 6 3,602,560 1,982,073 6,872,933 0.0383 0.0390 0.0417

FL Feb 7 4,201,272 2,325,930 7,680,764 0.0447 0.0458 0.0466

FL Feb 8 4,367,138 2,395,477 7,781,623 0.0465 0.0471 0.0472

FL Feb 9 4,422,900 2,420,472 7,732,427 0.0471 0.0476 0.0469

FL Feb 10 4,458,881 2,438,577 7,562,420 0.0475 0.0480 0.0458

FL Feb 11 4,389,493 2,382,402 7,340,385 0.0467 0.0469 0.0445

FL Feb 12 4,330,015 2,364,939 7,272,402 0.0461 0.0465 0.0441

FL Feb 13 4,300,811 2,352,445 7,230,408 0.0458 0.0463 0.0438

FL Feb 14 4,221,312 2,306,854 7,170,989 0.0449 0.0454 0.0435

FL Feb 15 4,241,059 2,317,603 7,204,323 0.0451 0.0456 0.0437

FL Feb 16 4,321,957 2,348,475 7,310,653 0.0460 0.0462 0.0443

FL Feb 17 4,502,792 2,432,169 7,559,804 0.0479 0.0478 0.0458

FL Feb 18 5,064,768 2,734,325 8,339,846 0.0539 0.0538 0.0506

FL Feb 19 5,226,395 2,858,688 8,591,004 0.0556 0.0562 0.0521

FL Feb 20 4,798,063 2,604,697 8,044,823 0.0511 0.0512 0.0488

FL Feb 21 4,284,859 2,310,862 7,344,108 0.0456 0.0455 0.0445

FL Feb 22 3,831,661 2,044,379 6,628,589 0.0408 0.0402 0.0402

FL Feb 23 3,261,076 1,712,086 5,891,556 0.0347 0.0337 0.0357

FL Mar 0 3,393,482 1,746,949 6,158,635 0.0304 0.0290 0.0313

FL Mar 1 3,131,030 1,597,082 5,893,284 0.0281 0.0265 0.0300

FL Mar 2 2,986,263 1,516,235 5,703,128 0.0268 0.0252 0.0290

FL Mar 3 2,920,560 1,485,480 5,624,453 0.0262 0.0246 0.0286

FL Mar 4 2,941,877 1,503,977 5,664,936 0.0264 0.0249 0.0288

FL Mar 5 3,156,463 1,628,630 6,037,441 0.0283 0.0270 0.0307

FL Mar 6 3,688,413 1,962,560 6,934,659 0.0331 0.0326 0.0353

FL Mar 7 4,174,443 2,233,007 7,530,457 0.0374 0.0370 0.0383

FL Mar 8 4,565,073 2,460,491 7,929,663 0.0409 0.0408 0.0403

FL Mar 9 4,955,768 2,720,368 8,407,702 0.0444 0.0451 0.0427

FL Mar 10 5,238,317 2,887,913 8,870,979 0.0470 0.0479 0.0451

FL Mar 11 5,370,699 2,987,753 9,202,544 0.0482 0.0496 0.0468

FL Mar 12 5,518,223 3,054,007 9,575,664 0.0495 0.0507 0.0487

FL Mar 13 5,592,032 3,102,973 9,797,330 0.0502 0.0515 0.0498

FL Mar 14 5,614,340 3,120,407 9,897,194 0.0504 0.0518 0.0503

FL Mar 15 5,691,689 3,156,307 9,993,214 0.0510 0.0524 0.0508

FL Mar 16 5,707,207 3,157,176 10,043,000 0.0512 0.0524 0.0511

FL Mar 17 5,690,130 3,132,464 9,975,039 0.0510 0.0520 0.0507

FL Mar 18 5,807,055 3,182,134 10,094,726 0.0521 0.0528 0.0513

FL Mar 19 6,060,481 3,342,494 10,376,991 0.0544 0.0554 0.0528

FL Mar 20 5,685,976 3,099,357 9,729,690 0.0510 0.0514 0.0495

FL Mar 21 5,106,809 2,729,404 8,718,323 0.0458 0.0453 0.0443

FL Mar 22 4,546,936 2,410,497 7,700,628 0.0408 0.0400 0.0391

FL Mar 23 3,962,286 2,068,307 6,846,020 0.0355 0.0343 0.0348

FL Apr 0 3,073,473 1,596,832 5,818,515 0.0287 0.0270 0.0298

FL Apr 1 2,830,568 1,464,614 5,507,523 0.0265 0.0248 0.0282

FL Apr 2 2,712,866 1,401,941 5,353,106 0.0254 0.0237 0.0274

FL Apr 3 2,687,715 1,398,112 5,341,580 0.0251 0.0237 0.0273

FL Apr 4 2,884,533 1,512,851 5,606,259 0.0270 0.0256 0.0287

FL Apr 5 3,377,502 1,808,189 6,324,646 0.0316 0.0306 0.0324

FL Apr 6 3,701,542 2,024,027 6,883,043 0.0346 0.0343 0.0352

FL Apr 7 4,029,897 2,189,545 7,308,193 0.0377 0.0371 0.0374

FL Apr 8 4,435,204 2,429,739 7,846,588 0.0414 0.0411 0.0402

FL Apr 9 4,800,755 2,669,166 8,433,318 0.0449 0.0452 0.0432

FL Apr 10 5,003,384 2,806,647 8,951,308 0.0468 0.0475 0.0458

H-7

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 137 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix H

Average 2000-2004 State Level Monthly-Diurnal Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Hour [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Average Values [2000-2004]

Calculated Ratios

FL Apr 11 5,202,417 2,944,645 9,493,938 0.0486 0.0498 0.0486

FL Apr 12 5,375,267 3,054,496 9,838,364 0.0502 0.0517 0.0504

FL Apr 13 5,540,550 3,155,947 10,110,799 0.0518 0.0534 0.0518

FL Apr 14 5,669,250 3,235,350 10,270,190 0.0530 0.0548 0.0526

FL Apr 15 5,758,423 3,296,338 10,401,429 0.0538 0.0558 0.0532

FL Apr 16 5,747,345 3,273,691 10,406,169 0.0537 0.0554 0.0533

FL Apr 17 5,636,021 3,182,448 10,224,599 0.0527 0.0539 0.0523

FL Apr 18 5,499,025 3,076,297 9,966,284 0.0514 0.0521 0.0510

FL Apr 19 5,565,173 3,123,280 10,085,034 0.0520 0.0529 0.0516

FL Apr 20 5,249,717 2,916,414 9,379,352 0.0491 0.0494 0.0480

FL Apr 21 4,676,711 2,548,574 8,349,346 0.0437 0.0431 0.0427

FL Apr 22 4,085,358 2,156,831 7,180,264 0.0382 0.0365 0.0368

FL Apr 23 3,472,742 1,805,817 6,258,356 0.0325 0.0306 0.0320

FL May 0 3,326,795 1,616,442 6,064,855 0.0281 0.0262 0.0292

FL May 1 3,039,934 1,466,219 5,722,859 0.0256 0.0237 0.0275

FL May 2 2,875,087 1,383,514 5,511,885 0.0242 0.0224 0.0265

FL May 3 2,805,215 1,349,812 5,436,296 0.0237 0.0218 0.0262

FL May 4 2,925,111 1,419,558 5,587,227 0.0247 0.0230 0.0269

FL May 5 3,310,211 1,647,323 6,084,579 0.0279 0.0267 0.0293

FL May 6 3,613,515 1,829,481 6,474,592 0.0305 0.0296 0.0312

FL May 7 4,112,896 2,091,150 7,118,987 0.0347 0.0338 0.0343

FL May 8 4,723,020 2,464,573 8,082,604 0.0398 0.0399 0.0389

FL May 9 5,299,044 2,811,031 9,070,995 0.0447 0.0455 0.0437

FL May 10 5,706,734 3,039,074 9,862,622 0.0481 0.0492 0.0475

FL May 11 6,030,558 3,227,787 10,499,703 0.0509 0.0522 0.0505

FL May 12 6,263,770 3,385,820 10,897,017 0.0528 0.0548 0.0524

FL May 13 6,446,397 3,492,920 11,144,147 0.0544 0.0565 0.0536

FL May 14 6,543,458 3,558,781 11,309,808 0.0552 0.0576 0.0544

FL May 15 6,614,706 3,583,476 11,374,785 0.0558 0.0580 0.0547

FL May 16 6,562,714 3,553,849 11,330,486 0.0553 0.0575 0.0545

FL May 17 6,427,404 3,442,964 11,098,178 0.0542 0.0557 0.0534

FL May 18 6,181,112 3,276,351 10,751,974 0.0521 0.0530 0.0517

FL May 19 6,139,862 3,238,277 10,691,352 0.0518 0.0524 0.0514

FL May 20 5,893,410 3,067,363 10,097,821 0.0497 0.0496 0.0486

FL May 21 5,287,670 2,690,286 9,149,571 0.0446 0.0435 0.0440

FL May 22 4,599,556 2,287,025 7,794,463 0.0388 0.0370 0.0375

FL May 23 3,861,183 1,888,530 6,647,187 0.0326 0.0306 0.0320

FL Jun 0 3,334,119 1,623,321 6,030,237 0.0287 0.0271 0.0297

FL Jun 1 3,042,173 1,477,781 5,675,625 0.0262 0.0247 0.0280

FL Jun 2 2,871,886 1,395,072 5,469,455 0.0247 0.0233 0.0270

FL Jun 3 2,808,510 1,364,334 5,407,215 0.0242 0.0228 0.0267

FL Jun 4 2,878,822 1,415,032 5,509,409 0.0248 0.0237 0.0272

FL Jun 5 3,119,955 1,566,763 5,839,325 0.0269 0.0262 0.0288

FL Jun 6 3,404,220 1,735,684 6,254,804 0.0293 0.0290 0.0309

FL Jun 7 4,032,166 2,035,794 7,016,218 0.0347 0.0340 0.0346

FL Jun 8 4,776,825 2,462,038 8,031,552 0.0412 0.0412 0.0396

FL Jun 9 5,423,465 2,825,843 9,043,192 0.0467 0.0473 0.0446

FL Jun 10 5,815,644 3,070,394 9,883,174 0.0501 0.0513 0.0488

FL Jun 11 6,093,639 3,216,302 10,461,280 0.0525 0.0538 0.0516

FL Jun 12 6,247,754 3,312,468 10,811,077 0.0538 0.0554 0.0533

FL Jun 13 6,320,569 3,356,495 10,962,083 0.0545 0.0561 0.0541

FL Jun 14 6,341,297 3,367,293 10,985,575 0.0546 0.0563 0.0542

FL Jun 15 6,344,416 3,369,723 10,982,417 0.0547 0.0563 0.0542

H-8

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 138 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix H

Average 2000-2004 State Level Monthly-Diurnal Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Hour [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Average Values [2000-2004]

Calculated Ratios

FL Jun 16 6,269,294 3,320,859 10,860,559 0.0540 0.0555 0.0536

FL Jun 17 6,120,897 3,218,578 10,637,320 0.0527 0.0538 0.0525

FL Jun 18 5,922,533 3,097,039 10,290,936 0.0510 0.0518 0.0508

FL Jun 19 5,845,292 3,040,879 10,168,724 0.0504 0.0508 0.0502

FL Jun 20 5,689,872 2,925,963 9,695,671 0.0490 0.0489 0.0478

FL Jun 21 5,131,651 2,575,186 8,588,464 0.0442 0.0431 0.0424

FL Jun 22 4,444,503 2,187,491 7,527,536 0.0383 0.0366 0.0371

FL Jun 23 3,789,487 1,841,308 6,584,364 0.0326 0.0308 0.0325

FL Jul 0 3,575,775 1,727,375 6,473,654 0.0289 0.0276 0.0305

FL Jul 1 3,231,898 1,562,357 6,065,421 0.0261 0.0250 0.0285

FL Jul 2 3,057,902 1,477,501 5,858,455 0.0247 0.0236 0.0276

FL Jul 3 2,974,058 1,438,242 5,770,235 0.0240 0.0230 0.0272

FL Jul 4 3,053,015 1,480,314 5,869,580 0.0246 0.0237 0.0276

FL Jul 5 3,325,632 1,634,831 6,179,486 0.0268 0.0262 0.0291

FL Jul 6 3,613,376 1,799,944 6,528,285 0.0292 0.0288 0.0307

FL Jul 7 4,246,867 2,096,989 7,276,877 0.0343 0.0336 0.0342

FL Jul 8 5,069,730 2,544,519 8,299,636 0.0409 0.0407 0.0391

FL Jul 9 5,740,767 2,923,651 9,388,410 0.0463 0.0468 0.0442

FL Jul 10 6,186,872 3,176,179 10,346,853 0.0499 0.0508 0.0487

FL Jul 11 6,503,084 3,330,370 10,857,354 0.0525 0.0533 0.0511

FL Jul 12 6,647,623 3,431,257 11,223,802 0.0537 0.0549 0.0528

FL Jul 13 6,737,151 3,484,978 11,394,602 0.0544 0.0558 0.0536

FL Jul 14 6,778,167 3,495,377 11,454,929 0.0547 0.0559 0.0539

FL Jul 15 6,758,177 3,484,708 11,429,250 0.0546 0.0558 0.0538

FL Jul 16 6,679,320 3,434,352 11,299,820 0.0539 0.0549 0.0532

FL Jul 17 6,539,832 3,347,206 11,082,596 0.0528 0.0536 0.0522

FL Jul 18 6,335,429 3,246,664 10,752,871 0.0511 0.0519 0.0506

FL Jul 19 6,236,519 3,181,356 10,486,444 0.0503 0.0509 0.0494

FL Jul 20 6,045,983 3,064,615 10,047,487 0.0488 0.0490 0.0473

FL Jul 21 5,518,680 2,743,333 9,067,924 0.0446 0.0439 0.0427

FL Jul 22 4,869,850 2,380,279 8,127,752 0.0393 0.0381 0.0383

FL Jul 23 4,143,043 2,013,772 7,196,712 0.0334 0.0322 0.0339

FL Aug 0 3,564,393 1,781,146 6,534,802 0.0284 0.0276 0.0304

FL Aug 1 3,276,121 1,613,514 6,181,075 0.0261 0.0250 0.0288

FL Aug 2 3,100,454 1,529,078 5,969,374 0.0247 0.0237 0.0278

FL Aug 3 3,052,193 1,498,961 5,901,660 0.0243 0.0232 0.0275

FL Aug 4 3,179,466 1,572,152 6,057,681 0.0254 0.0243 0.0282

FL Aug 5 3,552,813 1,774,970 6,500,915 0.0283 0.0275 0.0303

FL Aug 6 3,836,397 1,946,107 6,840,145 0.0306 0.0301 0.0319

FL Aug 7 4,360,651 2,201,808 7,491,447 0.0348 0.0341 0.0349

FL Aug 8 5,147,287 2,615,712 8,415,064 0.0411 0.0405 0.0392

FL Aug 9 5,851,181 3,045,606 9,440,418 0.0467 0.0472 0.0440

FL Aug 10 6,280,147 3,278,659 10,326,913 0.0501 0.0508 0.0481

FL Aug 11 6,574,423 3,434,963 10,940,166 0.0524 0.0532 0.0510

FL Aug 12 6,728,198 3,523,530 11,253,235 0.0537 0.0546 0.0524

FL Aug 13 6,802,676 3,570,035 11,389,350 0.0543 0.0553 0.0531

FL Aug 14 6,811,688 3,579,043 11,441,662 0.0543 0.0554 0.0533

FL Aug 15 6,807,926 3,589,688 11,446,440 0.0543 0.0556 0.0533

FL Aug 16 6,728,261 3,547,074 11,342,046 0.0537 0.0549 0.0528

FL Aug 17 6,590,840 3,459,057 11,113,844 0.0526 0.0536 0.0518

FL Aug 18 6,406,482 3,356,251 10,830,083 0.0511 0.0520 0.0505

FL Aug 19 6,374,766 3,331,776 10,715,705 0.0508 0.0516 0.0499

FL Aug 20 6,083,356 3,144,413 10,114,289 0.0485 0.0487 0.0471

H-9

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 139 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix H

Average 2000-2004 State Level Monthly-Diurnal Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Hour [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Average Values [2000-2004]

Calculated Ratios

FL Aug 21 5,460,832 2,778,636 9,148,809 0.0436 0.0430 0.0426

FL Aug 22 4,740,533 2,377,352 8,125,071 0.0378 0.0368 0.0379

FL Aug 23 4,073,852 2,023,312 7,117,022 0.0325 0.0313 0.0332

FL Sep 0 3,295,486 1,683,032 6,357,252 0.0291 0.0281 0.0308

FL Sep 1 3,054,328 1,544,844 6,027,816 0.0270 0.0258 0.0292

FL Sep 2 2,909,071 1,470,927 5,840,466 0.0257 0.0246 0.0283

FL Sep 3 2,848,662 1,439,026 5,769,383 0.0252 0.0240 0.0279

FL Sep 4 2,985,098 1,516,893 5,976,600 0.0264 0.0253 0.0289

FL Sep 5 3,413,573 1,762,053 6,558,840 0.0302 0.0294 0.0317

FL Sep 6 3,693,072 1,927,679 6,928,814 0.0327 0.0322 0.0335

FL Sep 7 4,056,408 2,104,073 7,379,883 0.0359 0.0351 0.0357

FL Sep 8 4,636,127 2,448,223 8,179,183 0.0410 0.0409 0.0396

FL Sep 9 5,147,884 2,756,871 9,025,355 0.0455 0.0460 0.0437

FL Sep 10 5,478,304 2,958,241 9,788,328 0.0484 0.0494 0.0474

FL Sep 11 5,747,325 3,097,586 10,302,132 0.0508 0.0517 0.0498

FL Sep 12 5,907,674 3,199,328 10,642,966 0.0522 0.0534 0.0515

FL Sep 13 6,019,188 3,261,256 10,812,176 0.0532 0.0544 0.0523

FL Sep 14 6,059,976 3,280,405 10,903,981 0.0536 0.0548 0.0527

FL Sep 15 6,064,459 3,290,948 10,906,861 0.0536 0.0549 0.0528

FL Sep 16 6,006,647 3,254,683 10,822,329 0.0531 0.0543 0.0524

FL Sep 17 5,876,036 3,171,578 10,598,132 0.0520 0.0529 0.0513

FL Sep 18 5,822,108 3,118,206 10,463,069 0.0515 0.0520 0.0506

FL Sep 19 5,797,575 3,093,577 10,346,960 0.0513 0.0516 0.0501

FL Sep 20 5,414,502 2,869,423 9,652,916 0.0479 0.0479 0.0467

FL Sep 21 4,853,029 2,546,396 8,714,372 0.0429 0.0425 0.0422

FL Sep 22 4,293,776 2,222,527 7,824,944 0.0380 0.0371 0.0379

FL Sep 23 3,700,481 1,895,950 6,890,195 0.0327 0.0316 0.0333

FL Oct 0 3,104,734 1,651,439 6,268,709 0.0282 0.0268 0.0303

FL Oct 1 2,862,531 1,530,723 5,950,210 0.0260 0.0249 0.0288

FL Oct 2 2,742,880 1,464,239 5,745,508 0.0249 0.0238 0.0278

FL Oct 3 2,709,592 1,446,897 5,673,751 0.0246 0.0235 0.0274

FL Oct 4 2,849,720 1,533,459 5,866,761 0.0259 0.0249 0.0284

FL Oct 5 3,313,322 1,844,985 6,602,870 0.0301 0.0300 0.0319

FL Oct 6 3,695,928 2,074,978 7,203,247 0.0336 0.0337 0.0348

FL Oct 7 3,974,216 2,235,297 7,565,209 0.0361 0.0363 0.0366

FL Oct 8 4,429,740 2,515,143 8,198,854 0.0403 0.0409 0.0396

FL Oct 9 4,882,509 2,807,084 8,993,535 0.0444 0.0456 0.0435

FL Oct 10 5,202,215 2,991,865 9,637,381 0.0473 0.0486 0.0466

FL Oct 11 5,474,511 3,162,491 10,194,001 0.0498 0.0514 0.0493

FL Oct 12 5,678,861 3,277,154 10,535,313 0.0516 0.0532 0.0509

FL Oct 13 5,837,087 3,344,772 10,753,557 0.0531 0.0543 0.0520

FL Oct 14 5,945,864 3,397,996 10,895,397 0.0541 0.0552 0.0527

FL Oct 15 5,991,411 3,424,548 10,944,894 0.0545 0.0556 0.0529

FL Oct 16 5,949,385 3,372,697 10,837,382 0.0541 0.0548 0.0524

FL Oct 17 5,848,989 3,309,247 10,653,810 0.0532 0.0538 0.0515

FL Oct 18 5,901,087 3,332,412 10,819,210 0.0537 0.0541 0.0523

FL Oct 19 5,694,397 3,193,654 10,459,446 0.0518 0.0519 0.0505

FL Oct 20 5,260,538 2,914,173 9,707,974 0.0478 0.0473 0.0469

FL Oct 21 4,791,615 2,599,563 8,698,668 0.0436 0.0422 0.0420

FL Oct 22 4,225,071 2,247,514 7,851,632 0.0384 0.0365 0.0379

FL Oct 23 3,594,624 1,878,981 6,866,853 0.0327 0.0305 0.0332

FL Nov 0 3,044,968 1,618,401 5,819,531 0.0299 0.0290 0.0311

FL Nov 1 2,777,594 1,468,989 5,512,673 0.0273 0.0263 0.0295

H-10

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 140 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix H

Average 2000-2004 State Level Monthly-Diurnal Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Hour [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Average Values [2000-2004]

Calculated Ratios

FL Nov 2 2,653,691 1,395,551 5,353,049 0.0261 0.0250 0.0286

FL Nov 3 2,586,368 1,355,820 5,261,410 0.0254 0.0243 0.0281

FL Nov 4 2,598,990 1,378,455 5,353,885 0.0255 0.0247 0.0286

FL Nov 5 2,819,377 1,506,116 5,782,260 0.0277 0.0270 0.0309

FL Nov 6 3,302,710 1,792,289 6,614,270 0.0324 0.0321 0.0354

FL Nov 7 3,734,201 2,034,922 7,193,222 0.0367 0.0364 0.0385

FL Nov 8 4,072,530 2,217,271 7,562,409 0.0400 0.0397 0.0404

FL Nov 9 4,497,804 2,477,548 7,992,516 0.0442 0.0444 0.0427

FL Nov 10 4,816,543 2,669,967 8,478,717 0.0473 0.0478 0.0453

FL Nov 11 4,973,313 2,782,983 8,868,292 0.0489 0.0498 0.0474

FL Nov 12 5,118,667 2,866,930 9,226,948 0.0503 0.0513 0.0493

FL Nov 13 5,187,656 2,908,628 9,435,498 0.0510 0.0521 0.0505

FL Nov 14 5,207,361 2,925,067 9,516,005 0.0512 0.0524 0.0509

FL Nov 15 5,186,047 2,916,563 9,510,674 0.0510 0.0522 0.0509

FL Nov 16 5,165,234 2,887,608 9,415,200 0.0507 0.0517 0.0504

FL Nov 17 5,372,940 2,950,688 9,536,043 0.0528 0.0528 0.0510

FL Nov 18 5,786,071 3,242,415 10,104,293 0.0568 0.0580 0.0540

FL Nov 19 5,502,445 3,071,543 9,685,622 0.0541 0.0550 0.0518

FL Nov 20 5,083,579 2,787,902 8,950,110 0.0499 0.0499 0.0479

FL Nov 21 4,606,891 2,501,085 8,062,198 0.0453 0.0448 0.0431

FL Nov 22 4,121,388 2,198,178 7,242,891 0.0405 0.0394 0.0387

FL Nov 23 3,565,017 1,906,796 6,506,948 0.0350 0.0341 0.0348

FL Dec 0 3,867,036 1,958,903 6,697,383 0.0335 0.0323 0.0339

FL Dec 1 3,646,266 1,827,185 6,449,122 0.0315 0.0302 0.0326

FL Dec 2 3,531,691 1,771,459 6,333,062 0.0306 0.0292 0.0321

FL Dec 3 3,530,144 1,784,984 6,386,244 0.0305 0.0295 0.0323

FL Dec 4 3,591,211 1,829,544 6,604,823 0.0311 0.0302 0.0334

FL Dec 5 3,878,589 2,007,700 7,188,348 0.0336 0.0331 0.0364

FL Dec 6 4,514,013 2,346,050 8,223,759 0.0391 0.0387 0.0416

FL Dec 7 5,015,086 2,616,065 8,843,233 0.0434 0.0432 0.0448

FL Dec 8 5,230,443 2,748,219 9,012,759 0.0453 0.0454 0.0456

FL Dec 9 5,364,090 2,830,596 9,011,280 0.0464 0.0467 0.0456

FL Dec 10 5,394,263 2,883,931 8,907,500 0.0467 0.0476 0.0451

FL Dec 11 5,246,008 2,804,416 8,686,481 0.0454 0.0463 0.0440

FL Dec 12 5,131,615 2,728,167 8,552,591 0.0444 0.0450 0.0433

FL Dec 13 5,010,970 2,670,246 8,458,189 0.0434 0.0441 0.0428

FL Dec 14 4,860,948 2,552,274 8,308,360 0.0421 0.0421 0.0420

FL Dec 15 4,796,664 2,524,132 8,249,553 0.0415 0.0417 0.0418

FL Dec 16 4,920,343 2,580,134 8,347,312 0.0426 0.0426 0.0422

FL Dec 17 5,445,792 2,859,955 9,027,178 0.0471 0.0472 0.0457

FL Dec 18 6,101,562 3,267,980 10,037,688 0.0528 0.0540 0.0508

FL Dec 19 5,991,902 3,205,477 9,967,374 0.0518 0.0529 0.0504

FL Dec 20 5,759,969 3,055,643 9,593,120 0.0498 0.0505 0.0486

FL Dec 21 5,416,896 2,849,012 9,004,299 0.0469 0.0470 0.0456

FL Dec 22 4,967,136 2,594,369 8,264,178 0.0430 0.0428 0.0418

FL Dec 23 4,376,102 2,270,002 7,438,294 0.0379 0.0375 0.0376

GA Jan 0 4,233,689 1,304,214 3,602,490 0.0380 0.0369 0.0355

GA Jan 1 4,069,755 1,242,993 3,360,124 0.0365 0.0352 0.0331

GA Jan 2 4,036,727 1,236,644 3,363,390 0.0362 0.0350 0.0331

GA Jan 3 4,084,970 1,261,863 3,490,189 0.0367 0.0357 0.0344

GA Jan 4 4,187,679 1,305,573 3,674,953 0.0376 0.0370 0.0362

GA Jan 5 4,413,590 1,397,250 4,080,038 0.0396 0.0396 0.0402

GA Jan 6 4,762,719 1,532,193 4,632,863 0.0428 0.0434 0.0456

H-11

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 141 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix H

Average 2000-2004 State Level Monthly-Diurnal Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Hour [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Average Values [2000-2004]

Calculated Ratios

GA Jan 7 4,959,825 1,614,529 5,048,216 0.0445 0.0457 0.0497

GA Jan 8 4,980,466 1,638,500 5,145,586 0.0447 0.0464 0.0507

GA Jan 9 5,038,432 1,636,170 5,034,586 0.0452 0.0464 0.0496

GA Jan 10 5,027,956 1,623,096 4,814,350 0.0451 0.0460 0.0474

GA Jan 11 4,917,419 1,577,624 4,517,124 0.0441 0.0447 0.0445

GA Jan 12 4,785,959 1,518,170 4,183,606 0.0430 0.0430 0.0412

GA Jan 13 4,654,797 1,472,083 4,005,913 0.0418 0.0417 0.0394

GA Jan 14 4,502,347 1,414,721 3,869,244 0.0404 0.0401 0.0381

GA Jan 15 4,421,647 1,382,037 3,798,692 0.0397 0.0392 0.0374

GA Jan 16 4,411,331 1,378,984 3,815,287 0.0396 0.0391 0.0376

GA Jan 17 4,600,671 1,441,859 4,086,980 0.0413 0.0408 0.0402

GA Jan 18 5,002,493 1,594,476 4,576,213 0.0449 0.0452 0.0451

GA Jan 19 5,009,244 1,604,307 4,711,802 0.0450 0.0454 0.0464

GA Jan 20 4,965,073 1,590,262 4,702,389 0.0446 0.0450 0.0463

GA Jan 21 4,963,539 1,581,832 4,629,572 0.0446 0.0448 0.0456

GA Jan 22 4,817,725 1,531,220 4,449,776 0.0433 0.0434 0.0438

GA Jan 23 4,533,780 1,419,571 3,985,482 0.0407 0.0402 0.0392

GA Feb 0 3,774,340 1,130,138 2,958,453 0.0382 0.0368 0.0341

GA Feb 1 3,574,504 1,067,150 2,758,105 0.0361 0.0348 0.0318

GA Feb 2 3,492,743 1,051,378 2,710,799 0.0353 0.0343 0.0313

GA Feb 3 3,526,641 1,070,488 2,777,636 0.0357 0.0349 0.0320

GA Feb 4 3,588,548 1,096,820 2,928,871 0.0363 0.0358 0.0338

GA Feb 5 3,775,058 1,177,114 3,298,174 0.0382 0.0384 0.0380

GA Feb 6 4,167,738 1,314,960 3,899,627 0.0421 0.0429 0.0450

GA Feb 7 4,340,787 1,386,477 4,218,243 0.0439 0.0452 0.0486

GA Feb 8 4,371,863 1,400,001 4,243,185 0.0442 0.0456 0.0489

GA Feb 9 4,433,066 1,403,554 4,174,920 0.0448 0.0458 0.0481

GA Feb 10 4,443,237 1,396,970 4,068,977 0.0449 0.0455 0.0469

GA Feb 11 4,425,360 1,378,942 3,983,664 0.0447 0.0449 0.0459

GA Feb 12 4,357,426 1,352,110 3,864,261 0.0441 0.0441 0.0446

GA Feb 13 4,280,320 1,327,913 3,729,155 0.0433 0.0433 0.0430

GA Feb 14 4,184,175 1,305,094 3,640,022 0.0423 0.0425 0.0420

GA Feb 15 4,114,094 1,273,613 3,589,221 0.0416 0.0415 0.0414

GA Feb 16 4,070,973 1,262,909 3,578,142 0.0412 0.0412 0.0413

GA Feb 17 4,106,193 1,266,073 3,628,022 0.0415 0.0413 0.0418

GA Feb 18 4,346,078 1,348,178 3,895,020 0.0439 0.0439 0.0449

GA Feb 19 4,492,274 1,404,199 4,038,269 0.0454 0.0458 0.0466

GA Feb 20 4,424,737 1,379,514 3,981,189 0.0447 0.0450 0.0459

GA Feb 21 4,374,151 1,361,595 3,873,017 0.0442 0.0444 0.0447

GA Feb 22 4,233,273 1,307,169 3,626,230 0.0428 0.0426 0.0418

GA Feb 23 3,998,749 1,216,302 3,255,135 0.0404 0.0396 0.0375

GA Mar 0 3,997,495 1,189,785 3,154,773 0.0375 0.0360 0.0342

GA Mar 1 3,738,974 1,109,156 2,891,616 0.0351 0.0335 0.0313

GA Mar 2 3,585,477 1,068,313 2,786,741 0.0337 0.0323 0.0302

GA Mar 3 3,558,898 1,065,843 2,798,856 0.0334 0.0322 0.0303

GA Mar 4 3,615,956 1,100,086 2,984,181 0.0340 0.0333 0.0324

GA Mar 5 3,893,344 1,195,768 3,355,232 0.0366 0.0361 0.0364

GA Mar 6 4,365,454 1,374,678 3,958,846 0.0410 0.0416 0.0429

GA Mar 7 4,537,585 1,441,590 4,213,546 0.0426 0.0436 0.0457

GA Mar 8 4,623,927 1,467,417 4,258,813 0.0434 0.0444 0.0462

GA Mar 9 4,776,001 1,511,176 4,314,932 0.0449 0.0457 0.0468

GA Mar 10 4,832,769 1,529,287 4,307,109 0.0454 0.0462 0.0467

GA Mar 11 4,820,067 1,525,683 4,301,294 0.0453 0.0461 0.0466

H-12

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 142 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix H

Average 2000-2004 State Level Monthly-Diurnal Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Hour [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Average Values [2000-2004]

Calculated Ratios

GA Mar 12 4,809,839 1,512,714 4,247,577 0.0452 0.0457 0.0460

GA Mar 13 4,757,300 1,489,644 4,136,289 0.0447 0.0450 0.0448

GA Mar 14 4,717,782 1,477,282 4,099,208 0.0443 0.0447 0.0444

GA Mar 15 4,713,095 1,473,379 4,102,564 0.0443 0.0445 0.0445

GA Mar 16 4,686,402 1,463,323 4,082,266 0.0440 0.0442 0.0443

GA Mar 17 4,618,436 1,432,837 4,026,578 0.0434 0.0433 0.0437

GA Mar 18 4,641,666 1,440,117 4,064,085 0.0436 0.0435 0.0441

GA Mar 19 4,892,867 1,544,277 4,351,853 0.0459 0.0467 0.0472

GA Mar 20 4,811,260 1,515,075 4,312,097 0.0452 0.0458 0.0467

GA Mar 21 4,690,833 1,461,199 4,130,124 0.0441 0.0442 0.0448

GA Mar 22 4,519,180 1,390,013 3,859,115 0.0424 0.0420 0.0418

GA Mar 23 4,280,676 1,300,423 3,505,280 0.0402 0.0393 0.0380

GA Apr 0 3,564,230 971,430 2,917,929 0.0346 0.0324 0.0282

GA Apr 1 3,339,119 905,329 2,732,239 0.0324 0.0302 0.0264

GA Apr 2 3,241,743 877,514 2,678,089 0.0315 0.0292 0.0259

GA Apr 3 3,255,517 885,104 2,714,157 0.0316 0.0295 0.0263

GA Apr 4 3,457,823 952,887 2,963,657 0.0336 0.0318 0.0287

GA Apr 5 3,961,985 1,135,362 3,481,924 0.0385 0.0378 0.0337

GA Apr 6 4,241,795 1,229,424 3,813,166 0.0412 0.0410 0.0369

GA Apr 7 4,401,604 1,275,710 3,966,276 0.0427 0.0425 0.0384

GA Apr 8 4,554,260 1,326,462 4,085,351 0.0442 0.0442 0.0395

GA Apr 9 4,655,368 1,359,978 4,229,157 0.0452 0.0453 0.0409

GA Apr 10 4,708,373 1,401,019 4,580,473 0.0457 0.0467 0.0443

GA Apr 11 4,703,864 1,410,975 4,870,975 0.0457 0.0470 0.0471

GA Apr 12 4,706,411 1,424,680 5,117,829 0.0457 0.0475 0.0495

GA Apr 13 4,716,791 1,439,289 5,394,576 0.0458 0.0480 0.0522

GA Apr 14 4,720,339 1,442,419 5,451,060 0.0458 0.0481 0.0528

GA Apr 15 4,735,104 1,448,755 5,561,599 0.0460 0.0483 0.0538

GA Apr 16 4,703,517 1,431,275 5,545,151 0.0457 0.0477 0.0537

GA Apr 17 4,610,615 1,381,529 5,419,379 0.0448 0.0460 0.0525

GA Apr 18 4,491,048 1,325,156 5,255,384 0.0436 0.0442 0.0509

GA Apr 19 4,686,475 1,395,209 5,312,978 0.0455 0.0465 0.0514

GA Apr 20 4,775,348 1,416,077 5,255,071 0.0464 0.0472 0.0509

GA Apr 21 4,585,231 1,323,660 4,778,860 0.0445 0.0441 0.0463

GA Apr 22 4,269,437 1,191,494 3,936,623 0.0415 0.0397 0.0381

GA Apr 23 3,888,147 1,058,123 3,262,708 0.0378 0.0353 0.0316

GA May 0 3,651,805 808,018 2,983,275 0.0347 0.0311 0.0279

GA May 1 3,436,095 746,479 2,781,290 0.0326 0.0287 0.0260

GA May 2 3,348,132 717,894 2,702,478 0.0318 0.0276 0.0253

GA May 3 3,334,788 713,170 2,703,132 0.0317 0.0275 0.0253

GA May 4 3,446,730 753,127 2,848,337 0.0327 0.0290 0.0266

GA May 5 3,779,436 863,032 3,208,566 0.0359 0.0332 0.0300

GA May 6 3,987,086 944,548 3,517,897 0.0379 0.0364 0.0329

GA May 7 4,163,886 1,018,931 3,905,273 0.0395 0.0392 0.0365

GA May 8 4,424,183 1,094,434 4,219,525 0.0420 0.0421 0.0395

GA May 9 4,670,900 1,173,432 4,529,682 0.0444 0.0452 0.0424

GA May 10 4,843,085 1,236,541 4,850,410 0.0460 0.0476 0.0454

GA May 11 4,924,055 1,267,461 5,178,330 0.0468 0.0488 0.0484

GA May 12 4,964,755 1,294,195 5,474,421 0.0472 0.0498 0.0512

GA May 13 4,991,458 1,317,943 5,747,084 0.0474 0.0508 0.0537

GA May 14 5,029,247 1,331,694 5,932,574 0.0478 0.0513 0.0555

GA May 15 5,034,896 1,332,001 6,003,879 0.0478 0.0513 0.0561

GA May 16 5,003,154 1,314,935 5,970,214 0.0475 0.0506 0.0558

H-13

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 143 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix H

Average 2000-2004 State Level Monthly-Diurnal Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Hour [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Average Values [2000-2004]

Calculated Ratios

GA May 17 4,914,107 1,273,901 5,778,889 0.0467 0.0491 0.0540

GA May 18 4,762,392 1,216,180 5,526,261 0.0452 0.0468 0.0517

GA May 19 4,735,841 1,205,339 5,405,658 0.0450 0.0464 0.0505

GA May 20 4,900,591 1,254,824 5,403,299 0.0465 0.0483 0.0505

GA May 21 4,668,636 1,164,526 4,883,439 0.0443 0.0448 0.0457

GA May 22 4,315,373 1,023,301 4,023,238 0.0410 0.0394 0.0376

GA May 23 3,963,186 903,119 3,375,443 0.0376 0.0348 0.0316

GA Jun 0 3,539,056 783,143 2,898,646 0.0346 0.0317 0.0273

GA Jun 1 3,342,924 724,888 2,707,026 0.0327 0.0293 0.0255

GA Jun 2 3,238,457 691,664 2,613,966 0.0317 0.0280 0.0247

GA Jun 3 3,198,469 679,105 2,581,471 0.0313 0.0275 0.0244

GA Jun 4 3,277,062 705,914 2,687,844 0.0320 0.0285 0.0254

GA Jun 5 3,467,538 758,652 2,875,700 0.0339 0.0307 0.0271

GA Jun 6 3,611,886 809,678 3,072,767 0.0353 0.0327 0.0290

GA Jun 7 3,857,779 897,104 3,406,586 0.0377 0.0363 0.0321

GA Jun 8 4,163,525 988,231 3,773,158 0.0407 0.0399 0.0356

GA Jun 9 4,513,208 1,097,174 4,254,964 0.0441 0.0443 0.0401

GA Jun 10 4,782,141 1,192,779 4,820,628 0.0468 0.0482 0.0455

GA Jun 11 4,920,265 1,247,510 5,332,737 0.0481 0.0504 0.0503

GA Jun 12 4,957,509 1,278,881 5,769,697 0.0485 0.0517 0.0544

GA Jun 13 4,981,459 1,297,463 6,002,578 0.0487 0.0524 0.0566

GA Jun 14 4,986,980 1,294,551 6,099,520 0.0488 0.0523 0.0575

GA Jun 15 4,989,560 1,292,507 6,153,735 0.0488 0.0522 0.0581

GA Jun 16 4,952,392 1,274,892 6,091,568 0.0484 0.0515 0.0575

GA Jun 17 4,836,568 1,235,405 5,954,563 0.0473 0.0499 0.0562

GA Jun 18 4,705,878 1,189,573 5,785,139 0.0460 0.0481 0.0546

GA Jun 19 4,618,851 1,158,250 5,588,600 0.0452 0.0468 0.0527

GA Jun 20 4,756,115 1,183,186 5,416,940 0.0465 0.0478 0.0511

GA Jun 21 4,552,378 1,108,365 4,893,067 0.0445 0.0448 0.0462

GA Jun 22 4,199,228 988,296 3,994,790 0.0411 0.0399 0.0377

GA Jun 23 3,822,417 861,775 3,230,562 0.0374 0.0348 0.0305

GA Jul 0 3,916,819 877,213 3,541,583 0.0359 0.0325 0.0293

GA Jul 1 3,650,716 805,041 3,167,031 0.0335 0.0299 0.0262

GA Jul 2 3,514,882 765,635 3,014,404 0.0323 0.0284 0.0249

GA Jul 3 3,452,895 747,095 2,961,853 0.0317 0.0277 0.0245

GA Jul 4 3,511,223 767,987 3,045,310 0.0322 0.0285 0.0252

GA Jul 5 3,704,041 826,229 3,250,414 0.0340 0.0307 0.0269

GA Jul 6 3,829,278 867,426 3,468,228 0.0351 0.0322 0.0287

GA Jul 7 4,091,703 953,981 3,809,941 0.0376 0.0354 0.0315

GA Jul 8 4,457,430 1,077,515 4,336,979 0.0409 0.0400 0.0359

GA Jul 9 4,806,955 1,207,677 4,964,175 0.0441 0.0448 0.0411

GA Jul 10 5,036,079 1,300,925 5,666,292 0.0462 0.0483 0.0469

GA Jul 11 5,155,520 1,349,260 6,155,695 0.0473 0.0501 0.0509

GA Jul 12 5,177,825 1,371,464 6,492,532 0.0475 0.0509 0.0537

GA Jul 13 5,175,246 1,379,488 6,643,936 0.0475 0.0512 0.0550

GA Jul 14 5,194,096 1,376,909 6,701,037 0.0477 0.0511 0.0554

GA Jul 15 5,193,852 1,371,416 6,710,450 0.0477 0.0509 0.0555

GA Jul 16 5,171,250 1,361,059 6,684,938 0.0475 0.0505 0.0553

GA Jul 17 5,116,520 1,335,488 6,577,580 0.0470 0.0495 0.0544

GA Jul 18 5,034,524 1,301,262 6,433,627 0.0462 0.0483 0.0532

GA Jul 19 4,973,180 1,280,116 6,269,343 0.0456 0.0475 0.0519

GA Jul 20 5,062,736 1,303,367 6,155,679 0.0465 0.0484 0.0509

GA Jul 21 4,866,836 1,225,906 5,752,022 0.0447 0.0455 0.0476

H-14

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 144 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix H

Average 2000-2004 State Level Monthly-Diurnal Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Hour [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Average Values [2000-2004]

Calculated Ratios

GA Jul 22 4,604,811 1,113,275 4,995,747 0.0423 0.0413 0.0413

GA Jul 23 4,258,902 986,882 4,079,119 0.0391 0.0366 0.0337

GA Aug 0 3,899,937 855,590 3,426,179 0.0359 0.0321 0.0285

GA Aug 1 3,645,352 794,616 3,103,869 0.0335 0.0298 0.0258

GA Aug 2 3,506,094 756,285 2,972,926 0.0322 0.0284 0.0247

GA Aug 3 3,440,903 742,445 2,933,373 0.0316 0.0279 0.0244

GA Aug 4 3,532,488 773,278 3,076,898 0.0325 0.0290 0.0256

GA Aug 5 3,841,756 865,886 3,377,050 0.0353 0.0325 0.0281

GA Aug 6 3,988,737 913,918 3,599,891 0.0367 0.0343 0.0300

GA Aug 7 4,115,834 961,077 3,859,834 0.0378 0.0361 0.0321

GA Aug 8 4,410,849 1,055,034 4,285,284 0.0406 0.0396 0.0357

GA Aug 9 4,741,335 1,174,399 4,876,520 0.0436 0.0441 0.0406

GA Aug 10 4,972,801 1,268,303 5,513,837 0.0457 0.0476 0.0459

GA Aug 11 5,072,919 1,309,543 6,015,051 0.0466 0.0492 0.0500

GA Aug 12 5,114,743 1,343,072 6,406,516 0.0470 0.0504 0.0533

GA Aug 13 5,141,330 1,358,804 6,585,912 0.0473 0.0510 0.0548

GA Aug 14 5,194,964 1,370,203 6,668,961 0.0478 0.0514 0.0555

GA Aug 15 5,222,165 1,375,254 6,718,781 0.0480 0.0516 0.0559

GA Aug 16 5,185,128 1,355,869 6,691,244 0.0477 0.0509 0.0557

GA Aug 17 5,103,254 1,324,349 6,589,148 0.0469 0.0497 0.0548

GA Aug 18 5,003,743 1,282,766 6,434,687 0.0460 0.0482 0.0535

GA Aug 19 5,063,989 1,295,580 6,373,416 0.0466 0.0486 0.0530

GA Aug 20 5,089,131 1,292,450 6,247,038 0.0468 0.0485 0.0520

GA Aug 21 4,795,709 1,169,200 5,654,475 0.0441 0.0439 0.0470

GA Aug 22 4,486,241 1,051,342 4,812,187 0.0413 0.0395 0.0400

GA Aug 23 4,182,935 950,486 3,967,411 0.0385 0.0357 0.0330

GA Sep 0 3,374,537 727,276 2,859,911 0.0345 0.0310 0.0275

GA Sep 1 3,210,218 685,875 2,683,783 0.0328 0.0292 0.0258

GA Sep 2 3,153,568 669,187 2,627,830 0.0322 0.0285 0.0252

GA Sep 3 3,131,174 663,527 2,613,517 0.0320 0.0283 0.0251

GA Sep 4 3,244,687 699,243 2,761,757 0.0331 0.0298 0.0265

GA Sep 5 3,548,272 789,280 3,064,049 0.0362 0.0336 0.0294

GA Sep 6 3,745,576 852,643 3,280,593 0.0383 0.0363 0.0315

GA Sep 7 3,794,073 881,809 3,444,831 0.0387 0.0375 0.0331

GA Sep 8 4,002,588 949,104 3,767,079 0.0409 0.0404 0.0362

GA Sep 9 4,256,241 1,033,429 4,083,764 0.0435 0.0440 0.0392

GA Sep 10 4,451,006 1,107,189 4,569,307 0.0455 0.0471 0.0439

GA Sep 11 4,564,647 1,152,980 5,152,056 0.0466 0.0491 0.0495

GA Sep 12 4,608,962 1,177,435 5,560,161 0.0471 0.0501 0.0534

GA Sep 13 4,627,153 1,190,764 5,783,572 0.0473 0.0507 0.0556

GA Sep 14 4,681,501 1,200,116 5,879,271 0.0478 0.0511 0.0565

GA Sep 15 4,695,492 1,198,842 5,967,405 0.0480 0.0510 0.0573

GA Sep 16 4,669,153 1,187,923 5,976,244 0.0477 0.0506 0.0574

GA Sep 17 4,567,468 1,149,742 5,805,500 0.0466 0.0490 0.0558

GA Sep 18 4,539,377 1,132,314 5,675,597 0.0464 0.0482 0.0545

GA Sep 19 4,694,527 1,184,088 5,733,354 0.0479 0.0504 0.0551

GA Sep 20 4,599,510 1,143,616 5,342,792 0.0470 0.0487 0.0513

GA Sep 21 4,262,360 1,017,576 4,559,609 0.0435 0.0433 0.0438

GA Sep 22 3,883,605 889,294 3,697,881 0.0397 0.0379 0.0355

GA Sep 23 3,613,029 804,234 3,182,885 0.0369 0.0342 0.0306

GA Oct 0 3,424,077 966,476 2,726,697 0.0337 0.0318 0.0283

GA Oct 1 3,252,068 915,461 2,577,881 0.0320 0.0301 0.0267

GA Oct 2 3,176,936 892,948 2,520,048 0.0313 0.0294 0.0261

H-15

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 145 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix H

Average 2000-2004 State Level Monthly-Diurnal Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Hour [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Average Values [2000-2004]

Calculated Ratios

GA Oct 3 3,175,461 897,825 2,557,847 0.0313 0.0296 0.0265

GA Oct 4 3,348,361 956,620 2,744,659 0.0330 0.0315 0.0285

GA Oct 5 3,820,292 1,114,324 3,199,393 0.0376 0.0367 0.0332

GA Oct 6 4,202,916 1,250,409 3,611,767 0.0414 0.0412 0.0374

GA Oct 7 4,204,944 1,270,721 3,743,463 0.0414 0.0418 0.0388

GA Oct 8 4,409,792 1,330,379 3,923,733 0.0434 0.0438 0.0407

GA Oct 9 4,595,307 1,397,727 4,201,872 0.0453 0.0460 0.0436

GA Oct 10 4,711,321 1,433,500 4,428,597 0.0464 0.0472 0.0459

GA Oct 11 4,738,024 1,443,424 4,583,088 0.0467 0.0475 0.0475

GA Oct 12 4,760,172 1,455,292 4,826,392 0.0469 0.0479 0.0500

GA Oct 13 4,758,664 1,464,295 5,010,417 0.0469 0.0482 0.0519

GA Oct 14 4,763,471 1,465,501 5,158,158 0.0469 0.0483 0.0535

GA Oct 15 4,717,659 1,449,246 5,136,118 0.0465 0.0477 0.0533

GA Oct 16 4,611,236 1,407,859 5,035,569 0.0454 0.0464 0.0522

GA Oct 17 4,512,979 1,370,102 4,912,889 0.0444 0.0451 0.0509

GA Oct 18 4,768,229 1,449,458 5,048,325 0.0470 0.0477 0.0523

GA Oct 19 4,762,668 1,452,551 5,052,950 0.0469 0.0478 0.0524

GA Oct 20 4,639,316 1,405,279 4,762,206 0.0457 0.0463 0.0494

GA Oct 21 4,410,969 1,314,796 4,141,260 0.0434 0.0433 0.0429

GA Oct 22 4,061,281 1,194,468 3,501,240 0.0400 0.0393 0.0363

GA Oct 23 3,710,386 1,070,787 3,048,189 0.0365 0.0353 0.0316

GA Nov 0 3,339,248 974,946 2,619,608 0.0356 0.0345 0.0334

GA Nov 1 3,104,177 907,681 2,423,547 0.0331 0.0322 0.0309

GA Nov 2 3,020,999 886,724 2,355,047 0.0322 0.0314 0.0300

GA Nov 3 3,013,150 886,579 2,353,815 0.0321 0.0314 0.0300

GA Nov 4 3,066,621 906,274 2,421,072 0.0327 0.0321 0.0309

GA Nov 5 3,294,479 981,968 2,662,847 0.0351 0.0348 0.0339

GA Nov 6 3,768,468 1,133,368 3,123,551 0.0402 0.0402 0.0398

GA Nov 7 4,045,097 1,235,041 3,506,006 0.0431 0.0438 0.0447

GA Nov 8 4,161,953 1,273,471 3,644,833 0.0444 0.0451 0.0465

GA Nov 9 4,287,329 1,310,591 3,701,404 0.0457 0.0464 0.0472

GA Nov 10 4,331,493 1,317,657 3,655,153 0.0462 0.0467 0.0466

GA Nov 11 4,297,831 1,314,550 3,618,832 0.0458 0.0466 0.0461

GA Nov 12 4,228,371 1,283,989 3,561,181 0.0451 0.0455 0.0454

GA Nov 13 4,165,705 1,260,147 3,531,828 0.0444 0.0446 0.0450

GA Nov 14 4,131,484 1,247,108 3,519,628 0.0441 0.0442 0.0449

GA Nov 15 4,062,566 1,219,187 3,486,301 0.0433 0.0432 0.0444

GA Nov 16 4,031,658 1,215,620 3,499,167 0.0430 0.0431 0.0446

GA Nov 17 4,213,972 1,274,386 3,628,985 0.0449 0.0452 0.0463

GA Nov 18 4,521,904 1,386,003 3,960,477 0.0482 0.0491 0.0505

GA Nov 19 4,382,118 1,337,215 3,843,649 0.0467 0.0474 0.0490

GA Nov 20 4,320,515 1,309,486 3,677,802 0.0461 0.0464 0.0469

GA Nov 21 4,240,784 1,275,965 3,501,895 0.0452 0.0452 0.0446

GA Nov 22 4,064,271 1,209,613 3,259,259 0.0433 0.0429 0.0416

GA Nov 23 3,665,672 1,075,833 2,883,966 0.0391 0.0381 0.0368

GA Dec 0 3,837,633 1,131,780 3,093,718 0.0380 0.0370 0.0351

GA Dec 1 3,672,392 1,082,553 2,924,854 0.0364 0.0354 0.0332

GA Dec 2 3,621,449 1,073,040 2,894,487 0.0359 0.0351 0.0328

GA Dec 3 3,640,778 1,080,398 2,937,894 0.0360 0.0353 0.0333

GA Dec 4 3,721,883 1,112,084 3,085,335 0.0368 0.0364 0.0350

GA Dec 5 3,910,893 1,178,593 3,433,534 0.0387 0.0386 0.0389

GA Dec 6 4,226,394 1,282,594 3,879,233 0.0418 0.0420 0.0440

GA Dec 7 4,482,590 1,370,859 4,255,348 0.0444 0.0448 0.0482

H-16

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 146 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix H

Average 2000-2004 State Level Monthly-Diurnal Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Hour [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Average Values [2000-2004]

Calculated Ratios

GA Dec 8 4,558,899 1,409,269 4,358,639 0.0451 0.0461 0.0494

GA Dec 9 4,612,392 1,424,630 4,293,378 0.0457 0.0466 0.0487

GA Dec 10 4,573,677 1,403,007 4,160,159 0.0453 0.0459 0.0472

GA Dec 11 4,458,898 1,355,399 3,887,129 0.0441 0.0443 0.0441

GA Dec 12 4,308,783 1,297,717 3,629,673 0.0427 0.0424 0.0411

GA Dec 13 4,156,484 1,255,626 3,506,045 0.0412 0.0411 0.0397

GA Dec 14 4,015,529 1,210,667 3,411,210 0.0398 0.0396 0.0387

GA Dec 15 3,959,067 1,196,777 3,433,052 0.0392 0.0391 0.0389

GA Dec 16 4,005,596 1,213,230 3,525,463 0.0397 0.0397 0.0400

GA Dec 17 4,309,394 1,323,255 3,849,614 0.0427 0.0433 0.0436

GA Dec 18 4,666,711 1,437,174 4,246,551 0.0462 0.0470 0.0481

GA Dec 19 4,572,719 1,403,027 4,144,171 0.0453 0.0459 0.0470

GA Dec 20 4,548,095 1,387,602 4,091,091 0.0450 0.0454 0.0464

GA Dec 21 4,571,509 1,388,237 4,027,651 0.0453 0.0454 0.0457

GA Dec 22 4,453,767 1,333,361 3,780,662 0.0441 0.0436 0.0429

GA Dec 23 4,121,076 1,219,656 3,374,982 0.0408 0.0399 0.0383

KY Jan 0 4,500,866 2,001,047 3,975,257 0.0393 0.0393 0.0385

KY Jan 1 4,436,772 1,977,257 3,908,176 0.0388 0.0388 0.0379

KY Jan 2 4,412,167 1,966,631 3,883,196 0.0386 0.0386 0.0376

KY Jan 3 4,405,383 1,974,544 3,894,925 0.0385 0.0387 0.0378

KY Jan 4 4,435,119 1,990,452 3,944,448 0.0388 0.0391 0.0382

KY Jan 5 4,513,939 2,035,915 4,082,797 0.0394 0.0399 0.0396

KY Jan 6 4,735,881 2,124,301 4,313,142 0.0414 0.0417 0.0418

KY Jan 7 4,881,373 2,179,241 4,507,545 0.0427 0.0428 0.0437

KY Jan 8 4,899,244 2,207,273 4,565,778 0.0428 0.0433 0.0443

KY Jan 9 4,959,430 2,220,561 4,581,241 0.0433 0.0436 0.0444

KY Jan 10 4,966,733 2,218,116 4,560,570 0.0434 0.0435 0.0442

KY Jan 11 4,926,481 2,185,309 4,469,160 0.0430 0.0429 0.0433

KY Jan 12 4,897,325 2,166,493 4,396,183 0.0428 0.0425 0.0426

KY Jan 13 4,858,282 2,145,888 4,334,245 0.0424 0.0421 0.0420

KY Jan 14 4,803,975 2,121,569 4,259,493 0.0420 0.0416 0.0413

KY Jan 15 4,787,506 2,116,853 4,251,772 0.0418 0.0415 0.0412

KY Jan 16 4,805,200 2,132,483 4,277,592 0.0420 0.0418 0.0415

KY Jan 17 4,902,475 2,173,992 4,377,939 0.0428 0.0427 0.0424

KY Jan 18 5,019,134 2,227,712 4,540,738 0.0439 0.0437 0.0440

KY Jan 19 5,000,308 2,222,379 4,582,619 0.0437 0.0436 0.0444

KY Jan 20 4,971,779 2,210,874 4,538,035 0.0434 0.0434 0.0440

KY Jan 21 4,910,317 2,179,426 4,432,861 0.0429 0.0428 0.0430

KY Jan 22 4,784,827 2,126,094 4,305,074 0.0418 0.0417 0.0417

KY Jan 23 4,636,595 2,057,219 4,173,941 0.0405 0.0404 0.0405

KY Feb 0 3,904,092 1,761,180 3,580,773 0.0392 0.0389 0.0386

KY Feb 1 3,816,587 1,728,628 3,495,285 0.0383 0.0382 0.0377

KY Feb 2 3,792,744 1,718,868 3,462,109 0.0381 0.0380 0.0374

KY Feb 3 3,810,281 1,726,383 3,467,620 0.0383 0.0381 0.0374

KY Feb 4 3,842,768 1,745,450 3,507,867 0.0386 0.0386 0.0378

KY Feb 5 3,947,749 1,806,439 3,628,623 0.0396 0.0399 0.0391

KY Feb 6 4,176,764 1,912,472 3,944,300 0.0419 0.0423 0.0426

KY Feb 7 4,281,095 1,958,390 4,125,044 0.0430 0.0433 0.0445

KY Feb 8 4,317,449 1,973,880 4,156,268 0.0434 0.0436 0.0448

KY Feb 9 4,356,226 1,969,929 4,130,960 0.0437 0.0435 0.0446

KY Feb 10 4,359,609 1,964,589 4,086,993 0.0438 0.0434 0.0441

KY Feb 11 4,311,166 1,943,159 4,039,097 0.0433 0.0429 0.0436

KY Feb 12 4,272,545 1,927,415 3,983,427 0.0429 0.0426 0.0430

H-17

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 147 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix H

Average 2000-2004 State Level Monthly-Diurnal Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Hour [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Average Values [2000-2004]

Calculated Ratios

KY Feb 13 4,236,215 1,916,654 3,932,234 0.0425 0.0423 0.0424

KY Feb 14 4,167,600 1,882,801 3,848,899 0.0419 0.0416 0.0415

KY Feb 15 4,134,586 1,872,977 3,821,080 0.0415 0.0414 0.0412

KY Feb 16 4,147,038 1,884,240 3,828,076 0.0416 0.0416 0.0413

KY Feb 17 4,197,152 1,920,450 3,887,857 0.0421 0.0424 0.0419

KY Feb 18 4,301,661 1,971,850 4,016,102 0.0432 0.0436 0.0433

KY Feb 19 4,364,422 2,001,534 4,106,892 0.0438 0.0442 0.0443

KY Feb 20 4,344,268 1,987,726 4,061,985 0.0436 0.0439 0.0438

KY Feb 21 4,296,576 1,966,727 4,013,780 0.0431 0.0435 0.0433

KY Feb 22 4,179,160 1,894,824 3,854,612 0.0420 0.0419 0.0416

KY Feb 23 4,024,438 1,823,859 3,712,043 0.0404 0.0403 0.0400

KY Mar 0 4,086,927 1,934,000 3,943,944 0.0384 0.0390 0.0385

KY Mar 1 4,004,215 1,894,561 3,852,671 0.0376 0.0382 0.0376

KY Mar 2 3,977,961 1,875,819 3,810,690 0.0374 0.0378 0.0372

KY Mar 3 3,977,743 1,874,604 3,814,943 0.0374 0.0378 0.0372

KY Mar 4 4,040,951 1,904,597 3,857,613 0.0380 0.0384 0.0376

KY Mar 5 4,163,395 1,975,952 4,001,836 0.0391 0.0399 0.0390

KY Mar 6 4,382,627 2,082,066 4,297,761 0.0412 0.0420 0.0419

KY Mar 7 4,504,820 2,126,263 4,486,558 0.0423 0.0429 0.0438

KY Mar 8 4,562,347 2,144,795 4,534,086 0.0429 0.0433 0.0442

KY Mar 9 4,627,690 2,159,579 4,567,228 0.0435 0.0436 0.0445

KY Mar 10 4,653,192 2,151,241 4,511,098 0.0437 0.0434 0.0440

KY Mar 11 4,641,558 2,133,268 4,448,941 0.0436 0.0430 0.0434

KY Mar 12 4,622,702 2,121,208 4,411,987 0.0434 0.0428 0.0430

KY Mar 13 4,619,393 2,125,075 4,393,357 0.0434 0.0429 0.0429

KY Mar 14 4,552,286 2,088,576 4,330,586 0.0428 0.0421 0.0422

KY Mar 15 4,531,458 2,076,448 4,292,113 0.0426 0.0419 0.0419

KY Mar 16 4,559,495 2,082,061 4,299,148 0.0428 0.0420 0.0419

KY Mar 17 4,566,306 2,095,974 4,333,645 0.0429 0.0423 0.0423

KY Mar 18 4,614,477 2,131,694 4,403,611 0.0434 0.0430 0.0430

KY Mar 19 4,692,033 2,181,572 4,520,447 0.0441 0.0440 0.0441

KY Mar 20 4,691,985 2,182,351 4,554,215 0.0441 0.0440 0.0444

KY Mar 21 4,607,786 2,156,225 4,469,784 0.0433 0.0435 0.0436

KY Mar 22 4,453,423 2,076,668 4,283,360 0.0419 0.0419 0.0418

KY Mar 23 4,277,227 1,999,878 4,106,925 0.0402 0.0403 0.0401

KY Apr 0 3,751,872 1,682,748 3,623,721 0.0371 0.0373 0.0360

KY Apr 1 3,662,781 1,651,886 3,538,402 0.0362 0.0366 0.0352

KY Apr 2 3,620,832 1,638,447 3,506,688 0.0358 0.0363 0.0348

KY Apr 3 3,665,762 1,658,243 3,540,689 0.0363 0.0368 0.0352

KY Apr 4 3,808,138 1,716,346 3,665,877 0.0377 0.0381 0.0364

KY Apr 5 4,024,823 1,815,205 3,894,961 0.0398 0.0402 0.0387

KY Apr 6 4,208,966 1,884,379 4,124,667 0.0416 0.0418 0.0410

KY Apr 7 4,271,575 1,920,454 4,261,166 0.0422 0.0426 0.0423

KY Apr 8 4,393,556 1,942,695 4,351,959 0.0434 0.0431 0.0432

KY Apr 9 4,461,370 1,966,842 4,440,429 0.0441 0.0436 0.0441

KY Apr 10 4,462,912 1,971,490 4,461,202 0.0441 0.0437 0.0443

KY Apr 11 4,451,212 1,972,903 4,476,859 0.0440 0.0437 0.0445

KY Apr 12 4,470,687 1,978,658 4,533,135 0.0442 0.0439 0.0450

KY Apr 13 4,480,194 2,007,588 4,572,059 0.0443 0.0445 0.0454

KY Apr 14 4,443,252 1,988,851 4,545,641 0.0439 0.0441 0.0452

KY Apr 15 4,459,430 1,990,362 4,545,012 0.0441 0.0441 0.0452

KY Apr 16 4,426,122 1,974,950 4,512,511 0.0438 0.0438 0.0448

KY Apr 17 4,375,559 1,955,702 4,480,287 0.0433 0.0434 0.0445

H-18

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 148 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix H

Average 2000-2004 State Level Monthly-Diurnal Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Hour [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Average Values [2000-2004]

Calculated Ratios

KY Apr 18 4,346,922 1,937,715 4,442,685 0.0430 0.0430 0.0441

KY Apr 19 4,451,615 1,983,979 4,497,189 0.0440 0.0440 0.0447

KY Apr 20 4,487,128 1,998,714 4,533,191 0.0444 0.0443 0.0450

KY Apr 21 4,346,269 1,920,820 4,312,822 0.0430 0.0426 0.0428

KY Apr 22 4,122,750 1,812,181 4,019,469 0.0408 0.0402 0.0399

KY Apr 23 3,924,575 1,734,979 3,773,132 0.0388 0.0385 0.0375

KY May 0 3,773,655 1,352,468 3,542,077 0.0363 0.0360 0.0356

KY May 1 3,626,105 1,306,849 3,428,995 0.0349 0.0348 0.0344

KY May 2 3,557,597 1,280,494 3,362,397 0.0342 0.0341 0.0338

KY May 3 3,555,469 1,284,693 3,358,152 0.0342 0.0342 0.0337

KY May 4 3,659,305 1,327,703 3,447,123 0.0352 0.0353 0.0346

KY May 5 3,905,440 1,411,666 3,625,333 0.0375 0.0376 0.0364

KY May 6 4,142,333 1,491,145 3,781,949 0.0398 0.0397 0.0380

KY May 7 4,318,983 1,568,459 3,929,856 0.0415 0.0417 0.0395

KY May 8 4,478,646 1,598,725 4,088,864 0.0431 0.0425 0.0411

KY May 9 4,581,002 1,652,673 4,264,629 0.0440 0.0440 0.0428

KY May 10 4,631,086 1,688,064 4,419,795 0.0445 0.0449 0.0444

KY May 11 4,669,476 1,710,802 4,522,994 0.0449 0.0455 0.0454

KY May 12 4,705,224 1,719,757 4,625,655 0.0452 0.0458 0.0465

KY May 13 4,706,169 1,724,945 4,685,196 0.0452 0.0459 0.0471

KY May 14 4,712,999 1,725,831 4,707,889 0.0453 0.0459 0.0473

KY May 15 4,719,302 1,735,212 4,763,219 0.0454 0.0462 0.0478

KY May 16 4,729,889 1,718,237 4,725,277 0.0455 0.0457 0.0475

KY May 17 4,719,789 1,706,360 4,680,119 0.0454 0.0454 0.0470

KY May 18 4,650,145 1,672,135 4,567,479 0.0447 0.0445 0.0459

KY May 19 4,675,073 1,667,803 4,484,805 0.0449 0.0444 0.0451

KY May 20 4,733,280 1,690,796 4,518,596 0.0455 0.0450 0.0454

KY May 21 4,535,352 1,614,490 4,301,519 0.0436 0.0430 0.0432

KY May 22 4,249,836 1,512,277 3,992,532 0.0409 0.0402 0.0401

KY May 23 3,985,492 1,418,470 3,721,915 0.0383 0.0377 0.0374

KY Jun 0 3,863,171 1,220,143 3,431,721 0.0365 0.0358 0.0351

KY Jun 1 3,700,537 1,165,437 3,302,332 0.0350 0.0341 0.0338

KY Jun 2 3,588,577 1,129,534 3,210,334 0.0339 0.0331 0.0328

KY Jun 3 3,586,996 1,129,886 3,190,439 0.0339 0.0331 0.0326

KY Jun 4 3,632,093 1,154,070 3,239,053 0.0343 0.0338 0.0331

KY Jun 5 3,772,311 1,205,869 3,353,578 0.0356 0.0353 0.0343

KY Jun 6 3,863,128 1,248,430 3,502,938 0.0365 0.0366 0.0358

KY Jun 7 4,206,029 1,359,881 3,735,013 0.0397 0.0398 0.0382

KY Jun 8 4,471,390 1,441,168 3,957,538 0.0422 0.0422 0.0405

KY Jun 9 4,645,909 1,506,312 4,129,541 0.0439 0.0441 0.0422

KY Jun 10 4,775,656 1,553,406 4,301,488 0.0451 0.0455 0.0440

KY Jun 11 4,835,680 1,581,661 4,493,449 0.0457 0.0463 0.0459

KY Jun 12 4,776,857 1,585,404 4,599,158 0.0451 0.0465 0.0470

KY Jun 13 4,910,861 1,611,741 4,741,756 0.0464 0.0472 0.0485

KY Jun 14 4,928,605 1,621,672 4,832,356 0.0466 0.0475 0.0494

KY Jun 15 4,942,474 1,619,521 4,850,437 0.0467 0.0475 0.0496

KY Jun 16 4,933,104 1,611,032 4,831,962 0.0466 0.0472 0.0494

KY Jun 17 4,916,801 1,592,114 4,755,486 0.0464 0.0466 0.0486

KY Jun 18 4,856,359 1,562,556 4,620,856 0.0459 0.0458 0.0472

KY Jun 19 4,816,576 1,539,277 4,493,010 0.0455 0.0451 0.0459

KY Jun 20 4,753,614 1,529,185 4,423,245 0.0449 0.0448 0.0452

KY Jun 21 4,655,054 1,482,923 4,278,389 0.0440 0.0435 0.0437

KY Jun 22 4,385,723 1,391,689 3,941,221 0.0414 0.0408 0.0403

H-19

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 149 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix H

Average 2000-2004 State Level Monthly-Diurnal Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Hour [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Average Values [2000-2004]

Calculated Ratios

KY Jun 23 4,054,527 1,286,083 3,612,850 0.0383 0.0377 0.0369

KY Jul 0 4,049,096 1,282,804 3,688,261 0.0372 0.0366 0.0344

KY Jul 1 3,859,804 1,223,049 3,520,391 0.0354 0.0349 0.0328

KY Jul 2 3,714,990 1,176,808 3,405,973 0.0341 0.0336 0.0318

KY Jul 3 3,662,887 1,161,823 3,358,049 0.0336 0.0331 0.0313

KY Jul 4 3,704,383 1,178,366 3,395,477 0.0340 0.0336 0.0317

KY Jul 5 3,828,676 1,218,826 3,482,956 0.0352 0.0348 0.0325

KY Jul 6 3,986,423 1,267,527 3,619,712 0.0366 0.0362 0.0338

KY Jul 7 4,247,926 1,349,889 3,855,419 0.0390 0.0385 0.0360

KY Jul 8 4,535,396 1,444,423 4,155,868 0.0417 0.0412 0.0388

KY Jul 9 4,752,020 1,526,015 4,469,496 0.0436 0.0435 0.0417

KY Jul 10 4,884,645 1,578,497 4,770,162 0.0449 0.0450 0.0445

KY Jul 11 4,950,005 1,607,852 5,012,157 0.0455 0.0459 0.0468

KY Jul 12 5,016,008 1,626,016 5,146,206 0.0461 0.0464 0.0480

KY Jul 13 5,045,517 1,642,891 5,271,836 0.0463 0.0469 0.0492

KY Jul 14 5,061,500 1,650,629 5,322,911 0.0465 0.0471 0.0497

KY Jul 15 5,075,205 1,660,057 5,371,341 0.0466 0.0474 0.0501

KY Jul 16 5,056,500 1,657,780 5,382,711 0.0464 0.0473 0.0502

KY Jul 17 5,022,118 1,639,832 5,337,848 0.0461 0.0468 0.0498

KY Jul 18 4,951,315 1,607,513 5,209,080 0.0455 0.0459 0.0486

KY Jul 19 4,911,340 1,587,576 5,072,958 0.0451 0.0453 0.0473

KY Jul 20 4,909,883 1,586,904 5,030,514 0.0451 0.0453 0.0469

KY Jul 21 4,785,599 1,545,511 4,835,539 0.0440 0.0441 0.0451

KY Jul 22 4,570,546 1,464,509 4,450,048 0.0420 0.0418 0.0415

KY Jul 23 4,299,974 1,371,090 4,027,131 0.0395 0.0391 0.0376

KY Aug 0 3,868,606 1,253,876 3,668,033 0.0369 0.0364 0.0348

KY Aug 1 3,698,970 1,200,877 3,519,453 0.0353 0.0348 0.0334

KY Aug 2 3,585,674 1,166,312 3,418,823 0.0342 0.0338 0.0324

KY Aug 3 3,543,793 1,157,396 3,386,520 0.0338 0.0336 0.0321

KY Aug 4 3,621,646 1,183,818 3,458,499 0.0346 0.0343 0.0328

KY Aug 5 3,806,315 1,239,542 3,588,177 0.0363 0.0359 0.0340

KY Aug 6 3,936,819 1,277,616 3,689,986 0.0376 0.0370 0.0350

KY Aug 7 4,114,177 1,348,119 3,846,883 0.0393 0.0391 0.0365

KY Aug 8 4,361,613 1,424,818 4,072,241 0.0416 0.0413 0.0386

KY Aug 9 4,556,504 1,503,981 4,366,498 0.0435 0.0436 0.0414

KY Aug 10 4,676,703 1,547,003 4,636,588 0.0446 0.0449 0.0440

KY Aug 11 4,737,663 1,576,020 4,888,307 0.0452 0.0457 0.0463

KY Aug 12 4,814,736 1,602,156 5,042,982 0.0459 0.0465 0.0478

KY Aug 13 4,837,597 1,614,023 5,150,918 0.0462 0.0468 0.0488

KY Aug 14 4,856,220 1,626,339 5,243,914 0.0463 0.0472 0.0497

KY Aug 15 4,872,044 1,631,474 5,286,851 0.0465 0.0473 0.0501

KY Aug 16 4,852,491 1,626,072 5,274,429 0.0463 0.0472 0.0500

KY Aug 17 4,825,909 1,605,755 5,227,445 0.0460 0.0466 0.0496

KY Aug 18 4,776,144 1,575,964 5,098,419 0.0456 0.0457 0.0483

KY Aug 19 4,773,544 1,572,600 5,002,780 0.0455 0.0456 0.0474

KY Aug 20 4,745,844 1,558,889 4,908,751 0.0453 0.0452 0.0465

KY Aug 21 4,554,333 1,479,458 4,582,344 0.0435 0.0429 0.0434

KY Aug 22 4,322,024 1,398,382 4,233,380 0.0412 0.0405 0.0401

KY Aug 23 4,059,551 1,315,846 3,876,845 0.0387 0.0382 0.0368

KY Sep 0 3,595,868 1,141,883 3,329,502 0.0359 0.0357 0.0347

KY Sep 1 3,486,734 1,105,426 3,238,293 0.0348 0.0346 0.0337

KY Sep 2 3,410,086 1,089,099 3,177,867 0.0340 0.0341 0.0331

KY Sep 3 3,417,881 1,091,186 3,181,031 0.0341 0.0341 0.0331

H-20

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 150 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix H

Average 2000-2004 State Level Monthly-Diurnal Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Hour [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Average Values [2000-2004]

Calculated Ratios

KY Sep 4 3,528,297 1,135,485 3,276,690 0.0352 0.0355 0.0341

KY Sep 5 3,739,213 1,213,349 3,456,769 0.0373 0.0380 0.0360

KY Sep 6 3,909,221 1,258,762 3,616,506 0.0390 0.0394 0.0377

KY Sep 7 4,008,091 1,292,595 3,689,943 0.0400 0.0405 0.0384

KY Sep 8 4,198,238 1,338,655 3,834,792 0.0419 0.0419 0.0399

KY Sep 9 4,341,058 1,380,097 3,985,620 0.0433 0.0432 0.0415

KY Sep 10 4,453,788 1,421,503 4,176,388 0.0445 0.0445 0.0435

KY Sep 11 4,536,502 1,453,187 4,334,552 0.0453 0.0455 0.0451

KY Sep 12 4,593,953 1,462,800 4,460,414 0.0459 0.0458 0.0465

KY Sep 13 4,628,123 1,482,574 4,597,150 0.0462 0.0464 0.0479

KY Sep 14 4,638,119 1,494,562 4,698,708 0.0463 0.0468 0.0489

KY Sep 15 4,652,224 1,500,168 4,721,765 0.0464 0.0469 0.0492

KY Sep 16 4,628,168 1,488,561 4,737,804 0.0462 0.0466 0.0493

KY Sep 17 4,609,485 1,465,982 4,696,333 0.0460 0.0459 0.0489

KY Sep 18 4,598,710 1,452,171 4,598,248 0.0459 0.0454 0.0479

KY Sep 19 4,652,661 1,463,449 4,572,473 0.0464 0.0458 0.0476

KY Sep 20 4,547,881 1,434,233 4,387,924 0.0454 0.0449 0.0457

KY Sep 21 4,279,254 1,347,403 4,039,635 0.0427 0.0422 0.0421

KY Sep 22 3,968,649 1,254,129 3,728,872 0.0396 0.0392 0.0388

KY Sep 23 3,745,030 1,186,129 3,474,766 0.0374 0.0371 0.0362

KY Oct 0 3,743,224 1,601,952 3,532,574 0.0362 0.0367 0.0362

KY Oct 1 3,676,531 1,576,043 3,476,375 0.0356 0.0361 0.0356

KY Oct 2 3,641,292 1,565,349 3,437,966 0.0352 0.0359 0.0352

KY Oct 3 3,681,681 1,581,523 3,468,699 0.0356 0.0363 0.0355

KY Oct 4 3,847,834 1,642,075 3,597,738 0.0372 0.0376 0.0368

KY Oct 5 4,098,543 1,738,160 3,794,676 0.0396 0.0399 0.0389

KY Oct 6 4,364,063 1,824,083 4,028,308 0.0422 0.0418 0.0412

KY Oct 7 4,439,117 1,859,253 4,154,973 0.0429 0.0426 0.0425

KY Oct 8 4,518,793 1,884,741 4,203,259 0.0437 0.0432 0.0430

KY Oct 9 4,572,090 1,908,542 4,241,582 0.0442 0.0438 0.0434

KY Oct 10 4,588,821 1,901,085 4,279,813 0.0444 0.0436 0.0438

KY Oct 11 4,591,634 1,910,189 4,355,897 0.0444 0.0438 0.0446

KY Oct 12 4,587,310 1,912,504 4,395,571 0.0444 0.0438 0.0450

KY Oct 13 4,564,707 1,913,776 4,412,969 0.0442 0.0439 0.0452

KY Oct 14 4,547,844 1,921,307 4,410,947 0.0440 0.0441 0.0452

KY Oct 15 4,536,425 1,922,594 4,399,521 0.0439 0.0441 0.0450

KY Oct 16 4,530,762 1,923,359 4,378,106 0.0438 0.0441 0.0448

KY Oct 17 4,559,994 1,931,107 4,380,389 0.0441 0.0443 0.0449

KY Oct 18 4,659,377 1,971,527 4,443,252 0.0451 0.0452 0.0455

KY Oct 19 4,679,388 1,963,456 4,437,459 0.0453 0.0450 0.0454

KY Oct 20 4,584,836 1,917,232 4,296,721 0.0443 0.0440 0.0440

KY Oct 21 4,379,886 1,835,392 4,061,547 0.0424 0.0421 0.0416

KY Oct 22 4,096,250 1,740,025 3,819,906 0.0396 0.0399 0.0391

KY Oct 23 3,893,430 1,670,287 3,652,729 0.0377 0.0383 0.0374

KY Nov 0 3,885,540 1,750,644 3,602,585 0.0385 0.0392 0.0382

KY Nov 1 3,806,089 1,712,194 3,515,552 0.0377 0.0384 0.0373

KY Nov 2 3,782,755 1,699,053 3,464,064 0.0374 0.0381 0.0367

KY Nov 3 3,761,073 1,689,317 3,436,481 0.0372 0.0379 0.0364

KY Nov 4 3,804,639 1,704,848 3,481,357 0.0377 0.0382 0.0369

KY Nov 5 3,910,926 1,750,748 3,597,416 0.0387 0.0392 0.0381

KY Nov 6 4,148,114 1,834,043 3,843,327 0.0411 0.0411 0.0407

KY Nov 7 4,287,622 1,889,795 3,994,287 0.0424 0.0424 0.0423

KY Nov 8 4,341,922 1,909,899 4,037,655 0.0430 0.0428 0.0428

H-21

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 151 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix H

Average 2000-2004 State Level Monthly-Diurnal Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Hour [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Average Values [2000-2004]

Calculated Ratios

KY Nov 9 4,410,751 1,957,861 4,189,187 0.0437 0.0439 0.0444

KY Nov 10 4,418,332 1,949,448 4,205,116 0.0437 0.0437 0.0446

KY Nov 11 4,382,413 1,922,612 4,155,770 0.0434 0.0431 0.0440

KY Nov 12 4,350,220 1,906,738 4,103,225 0.0431 0.0427 0.0435

KY Nov 13 4,320,793 1,886,606 4,070,285 0.0428 0.0423 0.0431

KY Nov 14 4,275,911 1,873,512 4,040,693 0.0423 0.0420 0.0428

KY Nov 15 4,260,221 1,863,874 4,013,074 0.0422 0.0418 0.0425

KY Nov 16 4,313,487 1,885,821 4,020,640 0.0427 0.0423 0.0426

KY Nov 17 4,448,983 1,941,737 4,137,653 0.0440 0.0435 0.0439

KY Nov 18 4,530,551 1,984,254 4,283,590 0.0448 0.0445 0.0454

KY Nov 19 4,467,945 1,958,744 4,222,870 0.0442 0.0439 0.0448

KY Nov 20 4,431,262 1,946,314 4,171,257 0.0439 0.0436 0.0442

KY Nov 21 4,391,773 1,922,060 4,096,687 0.0435 0.0431 0.0434

KY Nov 22 4,254,473 1,872,895 3,932,831 0.0421 0.0420 0.0417

KY Nov 23 4,042,484 1,800,724 3,728,212 0.0400 0.0404 0.0395

KY Dec 0 4,096,348 1,833,401 3,841,112 0.0386 0.0389 0.0385

KY Dec 1 4,015,003 1,797,081 3,752,951 0.0379 0.0381 0.0376

KY Dec 2 3,977,439 1,781,198 3,716,696 0.0375 0.0378 0.0372

KY Dec 3 3,988,022 1,784,905 3,708,916 0.0376 0.0379 0.0371

KY Dec 4 4,032,701 1,809,153 3,754,042 0.0380 0.0384 0.0376

KY Dec 5 4,136,744 1,856,495 3,860,181 0.0390 0.0394 0.0387

KY Dec 6 4,384,290 1,943,801 4,105,937 0.0413 0.0412 0.0411

KY Dec 7 4,542,866 2,007,485 4,278,565 0.0428 0.0426 0.0428

KY Dec 8 4,614,637 2,053,177 4,352,720 0.0435 0.0436 0.0436

KY Dec 9 4,664,192 2,081,825 4,380,686 0.0440 0.0442 0.0439

KY Dec 10 4,673,389 2,062,430 4,369,361 0.0441 0.0438 0.0438

KY Dec 11 4,605,441 2,028,991 4,287,122 0.0434 0.0431 0.0429

KY Dec 12 4,553,175 2,004,430 4,233,054 0.0429 0.0425 0.0424

KY Dec 13 4,498,006 1,977,010 4,182,376 0.0424 0.0420 0.0419

KY Dec 14 4,415,048 1,947,384 4,126,576 0.0416 0.0413 0.0413

KY Dec 15 4,400,399 1,940,391 4,123,632 0.0415 0.0412 0.0413

KY Dec 16 4,465,730 1,977,764 4,216,038 0.0421 0.0420 0.0422

KY Dec 17 4,620,341 2,049,791 4,386,809 0.0436 0.0435 0.0439

KY Dec 18 4,698,027 2,102,642 4,549,990 0.0443 0.0446 0.0456

KY Dec 19 4,647,661 2,084,675 4,517,525 0.0438 0.0442 0.0452

KY Dec 20 4,654,175 2,083,508 4,489,359 0.0439 0.0442 0.0450

KY Dec 21 4,614,689 2,037,441 4,378,947 0.0435 0.0432 0.0438

KY Dec 22 4,490,234 1,977,015 4,228,895 0.0423 0.0420 0.0423

KY Dec 23 4,288,008 1,904,969 4,023,779 0.0404 0.0404 0.0403

MS Jan 0 976,875 498,392 1,739,588 0.0376 0.0333 0.0347

MS Jan 1 967,600 492,280 1,737,384 0.0372 0.0329 0.0347

MS Jan 2 966,502 493,295 1,747,320 0.0372 0.0330 0.0349

MS Jan 3 962,249 508,849 1,778,073 0.0370 0.0340 0.0355

MS Jan 4 981,931 549,003 1,904,800 0.0378 0.0367 0.0380

MS Jan 5 1,039,940 615,695 2,137,993 0.0400 0.0412 0.0427

MS Jan 6 1,119,075 681,717 2,401,350 0.0430 0.0456 0.0479

MS Jan 7 1,151,104 699,041 2,427,699 0.0443 0.0467 0.0485

MS Jan 8 1,166,258 695,736 2,384,436 0.0449 0.0465 0.0476

MS Jan 9 1,167,831 708,759 2,397,599 0.0449 0.0474 0.0479

MS Jan 10 1,146,639 687,503 2,299,806 0.0441 0.0460 0.0459

MS Jan 11 1,122,590 649,347 2,153,434 0.0432 0.0434 0.0430

MS Jan 12 1,096,730 609,196 2,022,231 0.0422 0.0407 0.0404

MS Jan 13 1,056,734 578,828 1,944,175 0.0406 0.0387 0.0388

H-22

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 152 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix H

Average 2000-2004 State Level Monthly-Diurnal Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Hour [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Average Values [2000-2004]

Calculated Ratios

MS Jan 14 1,044,419 557,767 1,862,213 0.0402 0.0373 0.0372

MS Jan 15 1,032,758 552,681 1,873,015 0.0397 0.0369 0.0374

MS Jan 16 1,046,335 583,599 2,004,610 0.0402 0.0390 0.0400

MS Jan 17 1,135,430 648,329 2,225,482 0.0437 0.0433 0.0444

MS Jan 18 1,192,392 768,843 2,357,158 0.0459 0.0514 0.0471

MS Jan 19 1,189,077 762,937 2,339,568 0.0457 0.0510 0.0467

MS Jan 20 1,179,745 746,721 2,295,175 0.0454 0.0499 0.0458

MS Jan 21 1,145,469 689,003 2,183,575 0.0441 0.0461 0.0436

MS Jan 22 1,091,264 637,313 2,013,011 0.0420 0.0426 0.0402

MS Jan 23 1,023,481 544,166 1,852,825 0.0394 0.0364 0.0370

MS Feb 0 782,528 405,907 1,334,862 0.0369 0.0342 0.0330

MS Feb 1 761,745 401,506 1,337,948 0.0359 0.0338 0.0331

MS Feb 2 755,850 403,215 1,350,362 0.0356 0.0339 0.0334

MS Feb 3 763,382 411,139 1,398,640 0.0360 0.0346 0.0346

MS Feb 4 793,389 437,762 1,491,685 0.0374 0.0368 0.0369

MS Feb 5 857,681 544,057 1,775,888 0.0404 0.0458 0.0439

MS Feb 6 920,643 596,173 2,014,117 0.0434 0.0502 0.0498

MS Feb 7 947,559 608,252 2,067,668 0.0447 0.0512 0.0511

MS Feb 8 950,365 589,715 2,020,860 0.0448 0.0496 0.0499

MS Feb 9 950,211 565,430 1,979,216 0.0448 0.0476 0.0489

MS Feb 10 942,757 540,653 1,914,755 0.0445 0.0455 0.0473

MS Feb 11 914,688 511,901 1,752,373 0.0431 0.0431 0.0433

MS Feb 12 893,919 471,062 1,655,216 0.0422 0.0397 0.0409

MS Feb 13 879,496 456,988 1,617,049 0.0415 0.0385 0.0400

MS Feb 14 855,118 432,880 1,584,270 0.0403 0.0364 0.0391

MS Feb 15 848,094 421,215 1,607,720 0.0400 0.0355 0.0397

MS Feb 16 860,437 436,690 1,640,618 0.0406 0.0368 0.0405

MS Feb 17 908,058 483,560 1,725,576 0.0428 0.0407 0.0426

MS Feb 18 985,014 568,812 1,821,913 0.0464 0.0479 0.0450

MS Feb 19 989,298 579,566 1,825,118 0.0467 0.0488 0.0451

MS Feb 20 979,458 568,497 1,821,790 0.0462 0.0479 0.0450

MS Feb 21 940,195 527,405 1,766,089 0.0443 0.0444 0.0436

MS Feb 22 898,298 487,622 1,568,812 0.0424 0.0410 0.0388

MS Feb 23 828,050 430,352 1,398,637 0.0390 0.0362 0.0346

MS Mar 0 954,881 432,830 1,574,089 0.0374 0.0329 0.0334

MS Mar 1 935,148 415,563 1,553,449 0.0366 0.0316 0.0330

MS Mar 2 917,828 406,837 1,559,763 0.0360 0.0309 0.0331

MS Mar 3 917,621 412,039 1,568,383 0.0359 0.0313 0.0333

MS Mar 4 963,382 428,249 1,639,701 0.0377 0.0325 0.0348

MS Mar 5 1,034,739 534,402 1,864,996 0.0405 0.0406 0.0396

MS Mar 6 1,096,759 584,575 2,091,039 0.0430 0.0444 0.0444

MS Mar 7 1,153,326 626,345 2,154,794 0.0452 0.0476 0.0457

MS Mar 8 1,143,476 626,895 2,190,586 0.0448 0.0476 0.0465

MS Mar 9 1,165,825 623,847 2,199,674 0.0457 0.0474 0.0467

MS Mar 10 1,151,525 608,980 2,144,582 0.0451 0.0463 0.0455

MS Mar 11 1,125,374 589,039 2,091,865 0.0441 0.0448 0.0444

MS Mar 12 1,076,202 557,410 2,057,352 0.0422 0.0424 0.0437

MS Mar 13 1,068,691 550,131 2,043,582 0.0419 0.0418 0.0434

MS Mar 14 1,055,441 541,076 2,034,504 0.0413 0.0411 0.0432

MS Mar 15 1,049,146 534,740 1,992,792 0.0411 0.0406 0.0423

MS Mar 16 1,057,606 534,775 2,017,401 0.0414 0.0406 0.0428

MS Mar 17 1,092,432 560,060 2,056,732 0.0428 0.0426 0.0436

MS Mar 18 1,152,332 651,794 2,207,503 0.0451 0.0495 0.0468

H-23

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 153 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix H

Average 2000-2004 State Level Monthly-Diurnal Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Hour [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Average Values [2000-2004]

Calculated Ratios

MS Mar 19 1,169,586 679,546 2,243,045 0.0458 0.0516 0.0476

MS Mar 20 1,139,946 655,626 2,209,640 0.0447 0.0498 0.0469

MS Mar 21 1,082,949 587,151 2,089,080 0.0424 0.0446 0.0443

MS Mar 22 1,048,288 550,462 1,873,115 0.0411 0.0418 0.0397

MS Mar 23 975,839 465,913 1,671,856 0.0382 0.0354 0.0355

MS Apr 0 772,566 395,311 1,407,007 0.0363 0.0324 0.0305

MS Apr 1 727,365 371,519 1,369,160 0.0342 0.0304 0.0296

MS Apr 2 695,726 356,402 1,368,820 0.0327 0.0292 0.0296

MS Apr 3 695,255 374,894 1,432,477 0.0327 0.0307 0.0310

MS Apr 4 762,780 412,138 1,592,961 0.0359 0.0337 0.0345

MS Apr 5 828,092 480,397 1,805,007 0.0389 0.0393 0.0391

MS Apr 6 869,604 505,058 1,968,219 0.0409 0.0414 0.0426

MS Apr 7 908,044 527,567 1,986,696 0.0427 0.0432 0.0430

MS Apr 8 926,930 537,431 2,031,932 0.0436 0.0440 0.0440

MS Apr 9 929,940 536,164 2,064,047 0.0437 0.0439 0.0447

MS Apr 10 937,093 548,544 2,110,221 0.0440 0.0449 0.0457

MS Apr 11 948,619 555,186 2,162,389 0.0446 0.0455 0.0468

MS Apr 12 950,648 565,077 2,185,293 0.0447 0.0463 0.0473

MS Apr 13 953,427 577,198 2,222,039 0.0448 0.0473 0.0481

MS Apr 14 954,511 585,989 2,255,173 0.0449 0.0480 0.0488

MS Apr 15 956,697 583,302 2,263,206 0.0450 0.0478 0.0490

MS Apr 16 959,172 577,035 2,253,560 0.0451 0.0472 0.0488

MS Apr 17 960,271 559,977 2,205,491 0.0451 0.0458 0.0477

MS Apr 18 952,015 551,979 2,198,435 0.0448 0.0452 0.0476

MS Apr 19 963,862 586,654 2,202,683 0.0453 0.0480 0.0477

MS Apr 20 955,924 575,209 2,102,011 0.0449 0.0471 0.0455

MS Apr 21 947,733 552,387 1,924,351 0.0445 0.0452 0.0417

MS Apr 22 890,373 478,750 1,639,137 0.0419 0.0392 0.0355

MS Apr 23 827,109 420,042 1,445,397 0.0389 0.0344 0.0313

MS May 0 715,201 330,126 1,298,404 0.0323 0.0280 0.0257

MS May 1 677,673 307,288 1,253,942 0.0306 0.0261 0.0249

MS May 2 656,721 300,770 1,219,929 0.0297 0.0255 0.0242

MS May 3 663,276 316,185 1,265,573 0.0300 0.0268 0.0251

MS May 4 709,047 340,140 1,392,627 0.0320 0.0288 0.0276

MS May 5 768,858 376,436 1,560,987 0.0348 0.0319 0.0309

MS May 6 829,693 418,639 1,720,209 0.0375 0.0355 0.0341

MS May 7 898,423 470,946 1,912,519 0.0406 0.0399 0.0379

MS May 8 955,768 514,322 2,110,543 0.0432 0.0436 0.0418

MS May 9 1,008,756 557,351 2,328,014 0.0456 0.0473 0.0462

MS May 10 1,032,535 567,895 2,486,836 0.0467 0.0482 0.0493

MS May 11 1,059,756 589,319 2,620,857 0.0479 0.0500 0.0520

MS May 12 1,079,462 616,742 2,717,455 0.0488 0.0523 0.0539

MS May 13 1,070,333 619,949 2,782,148 0.0484 0.0526 0.0552

MS May 14 1,078,912 624,270 2,802,049 0.0488 0.0529 0.0556

MS May 15 1,081,271 630,482 2,781,499 0.0489 0.0535 0.0551

MS May 16 1,070,065 615,326 2,736,638 0.0484 0.0522 0.0543

MS May 17 1,055,335 595,135 2,694,842 0.0477 0.0505 0.0534

MS May 18 1,034,974 570,012 2,603,665 0.0468 0.0483 0.0516

MS May 19 1,033,392 566,827 2,599,581 0.0467 0.0481 0.0515

MS May 20 1,013,439 548,786 2,399,707 0.0458 0.0465 0.0476

MS May 21 972,911 508,458 2,080,242 0.0440 0.0431 0.0412

MS May 22 875,080 435,618 1,683,078 0.0396 0.0369 0.0334

MS May 23 784,191 371,369 1,385,644 0.0354 0.0315 0.0275

H-24

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 154 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix H

Average 2000-2004 State Level Monthly-Diurnal Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Hour [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Average Values [2000-2004]

Calculated Ratios

MS Jun 0 693,057 344,560 1,298,517 0.0338 0.0286 0.0266

MS Jun 1 641,024 315,711 1,228,335 0.0313 0.0262 0.0251

MS Jun 2 608,473 299,470 1,213,302 0.0297 0.0249 0.0248

MS Jun 3 604,057 305,099 1,248,131 0.0295 0.0253 0.0256

MS Jun 4 627,870 327,870 1,315,012 0.0306 0.0272 0.0269

MS Jun 5 658,954 348,172 1,440,853 0.0322 0.0289 0.0295

MS Jun 6 717,612 390,034 1,572,467 0.0350 0.0324 0.0322

MS Jun 7 809,271 455,342 1,749,532 0.0395 0.0378 0.0358

MS Jun 8 884,976 519,093 2,006,403 0.0432 0.0431 0.0411

MS Jun 9 936,419 567,045 2,253,920 0.0457 0.0471 0.0461

MS Jun 10 959,564 596,672 2,437,858 0.0468 0.0495 0.0499

MS Jun 11 987,549 628,365 2,566,208 0.0482 0.0522 0.0525

MS Jun 12 1,000,996 657,721 2,723,350 0.0488 0.0546 0.0558

MS Jun 13 1,007,469 664,717 2,791,149 0.0492 0.0552 0.0571

MS Jun 14 1,009,341 669,603 2,790,780 0.0493 0.0556 0.0571

MS Jun 15 1,005,767 665,511 2,774,655 0.0491 0.0552 0.0568

MS Jun 16 997,092 646,415 2,717,234 0.0487 0.0537 0.0556

MS Jun 17 979,915 610,289 2,583,011 0.0478 0.0507 0.0529

MS Jun 18 956,736 578,327 2,477,314 0.0467 0.0480 0.0507

MS Jun 19 953,737 565,651 2,428,028 0.0465 0.0470 0.0497

MS Jun 20 942,193 548,786 2,277,559 0.0460 0.0456 0.0466

MS Jun 21 908,344 507,922 1,932,253 0.0443 0.0422 0.0396

MS Jun 22 839,080 446,927 1,612,668 0.0409 0.0371 0.0330

MS Jun 23 761,741 387,710 1,402,334 0.0372 0.0322 0.0287

MS Jul 0 760,598 397,306 1,499,963 0.0351 0.0294 0.0258

MS Jul 1 711,370 364,853 1,452,523 0.0328 0.0270 0.0250

MS Jul 2 666,740 338,276 1,405,479 0.0308 0.0250 0.0242

MS Jul 3 643,773 337,333 1,404,755 0.0297 0.0249 0.0242

MS Jul 4 655,130 354,902 1,467,009 0.0303 0.0262 0.0253

MS Jul 5 676,286 374,686 1,758,070 0.0312 0.0277 0.0303

MS Jul 6 722,819 408,570 1,885,563 0.0334 0.0302 0.0325

MS Jul 7 817,648 475,561 2,076,359 0.0378 0.0352 0.0358

MS Jul 8 919,631 557,605 2,368,658 0.0425 0.0412 0.0408

MS Jul 9 993,779 630,222 2,728,777 0.0459 0.0466 0.0470

MS Jul 10 1,025,758 678,736 2,990,540 0.0474 0.0502 0.0515

MS Jul 11 1,042,649 714,015 3,169,150 0.0481 0.0528 0.0546

MS Jul 12 1,051,103 742,497 3,253,348 0.0485 0.0549 0.0560

MS Jul 13 1,052,791 756,236 3,285,360 0.0486 0.0559 0.0566

MS Jul 14 1,058,132 755,227 3,333,601 0.0489 0.0559 0.0574

MS Jul 15 1,055,069 750,217 3,315,158 0.0487 0.0555 0.0571

MS Jul 16 1,044,146 732,793 3,257,144 0.0482 0.0542 0.0561

MS Jul 17 1,037,635 704,258 3,185,647 0.0479 0.0521 0.0549

MS Jul 18 1,015,745 665,967 3,057,679 0.0469 0.0493 0.0527

MS Jul 19 1,017,161 648,713 2,913,409 0.0470 0.0480 0.0502

MS Jul 20 997,024 618,629 2,724,596 0.0460 0.0458 0.0469

MS Jul 21 964,773 566,178 2,103,852 0.0445 0.0419 0.0362

MS Jul 22 895,908 503,736 1,810,122 0.0414 0.0373 0.0312

MS Jul 23 830,653 444,290 1,625,263 0.0384 0.0329 0.0280

MS Aug 0 832,407 423,411 1,632,693 0.0360 0.0306 0.0287

MS Aug 1 774,523 385,152 1,564,862 0.0335 0.0278 0.0275

MS Aug 2 718,968 352,132 1,488,142 0.0311 0.0255 0.0262

MS Aug 3 696,007 354,736 1,466,857 0.0301 0.0256 0.0258

MS Aug 4 736,513 384,127 1,554,116 0.0319 0.0278 0.0274

H-25

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 155 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix H

Average 2000-2004 State Level Monthly-Diurnal Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Hour [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Average Values [2000-2004]

Calculated Ratios

MS Aug 5 782,676 413,448 1,703,308 0.0339 0.0299 0.0300

MS Aug 6 821,293 440,409 1,786,431 0.0356 0.0318 0.0314

MS Aug 7 919,917 497,708 1,973,582 0.0398 0.0360 0.0347

MS Aug 8 1,010,016 569,031 2,215,648 0.0437 0.0411 0.0390

MS Aug 9 1,048,842 631,049 2,544,890 0.0454 0.0456 0.0448

MS Aug 10 1,075,499 671,487 2,787,078 0.0466 0.0485 0.0491

MS Aug 11 1,104,426 710,489 2,982,489 0.0478 0.0514 0.0525

MS Aug 12 1,111,768 746,322 3,109,940 0.0481 0.0539 0.0547

MS Aug 13 1,108,156 762,173 3,179,210 0.0480 0.0551 0.0560

MS Aug 14 1,106,101 757,714 3,195,332 0.0479 0.0548 0.0562

MS Aug 15 1,105,323 761,168 3,220,917 0.0479 0.0550 0.0567

MS Aug 16 1,090,817 746,486 3,199,653 0.0472 0.0540 0.0563

MS Aug 17 1,078,272 724,441 3,130,402 0.0467 0.0524 0.0551

MS Aug 18 1,066,795 683,503 2,981,841 0.0462 0.0494 0.0525

MS Aug 19 1,071,924 677,271 2,849,156 0.0464 0.0490 0.0501

MS Aug 20 1,039,562 627,485 2,559,854 0.0450 0.0454 0.0451

MS Aug 21 983,898 554,806 2,121,898 0.0426 0.0401 0.0373

MS Aug 22 933,076 502,633 1,873,343 0.0404 0.0363 0.0330

MS Aug 23 881,598 457,180 1,692,686 0.0382 0.0330 0.0298

MS Sep 0 677,459 331,288 1,326,078 0.0330 0.0274 0.0284

MS Sep 1 644,451 311,621 1,291,764 0.0314 0.0258 0.0277

MS Sep 2 620,103 295,726 1,270,350 0.0302 0.0245 0.0272

MS Sep 3 620,863 313,025 1,270,149 0.0303 0.0259 0.0272

MS Sep 4 675,330 350,263 1,365,677 0.0329 0.0290 0.0292

MS Sep 5 729,603 399,641 1,522,765 0.0356 0.0331 0.0326

MS Sep 6 765,053 424,637 1,573,078 0.0373 0.0352 0.0337

MS Sep 7 814,461 469,966 1,677,289 0.0397 0.0389 0.0359

MS Sep 8 868,577 498,987 1,832,422 0.0423 0.0413 0.0392

MS Sep 9 915,772 534,876 1,956,811 0.0446 0.0443 0.0419

MS Sep 10 941,466 581,876 2,136,604 0.0459 0.0482 0.0457

MS Sep 11 965,028 620,768 2,343,200 0.0470 0.0514 0.0502

MS Sep 12 994,287 647,175 2,462,775 0.0484 0.0536 0.0527

MS Sep 13 1,001,554 652,358 2,541,349 0.0488 0.0540 0.0544

MS Sep 14 1,002,505 665,235 2,587,460 0.0488 0.0551 0.0554

MS Sep 15 1,006,460 670,557 2,601,917 0.0490 0.0555 0.0557

MS Sep 16 1,002,423 649,414 2,570,001 0.0488 0.0538 0.0550

MS Sep 17 982,787 617,191 2,497,219 0.0479 0.0511 0.0535

MS Sep 18 975,939 612,714 2,462,554 0.0476 0.0507 0.0527

MS Sep 19 972,567 600,126 2,368,900 0.0474 0.0497 0.0507

MS Sep 20 931,131 542,176 2,112,019 0.0454 0.0449 0.0452

MS Sep 21 879,869 491,403 1,870,755 0.0429 0.0407 0.0401

MS Sep 22 807,921 428,259 1,618,622 0.0394 0.0355 0.0347

MS Sep 23 727,684 367,911 1,447,438 0.0355 0.0305 0.0310

MS Oct 0 871,339 400,670 1,438,404 0.0359 0.0294 0.0328

MS Oct 1 846,178 382,127 1,391,055 0.0349 0.0281 0.0317

MS Oct 2 828,495 374,997 1,378,269 0.0341 0.0275 0.0314

MS Oct 3 836,621 388,796 1,396,860 0.0345 0.0286 0.0318

MS Oct 4 908,179 483,350 1,466,201 0.0374 0.0355 0.0334

MS Oct 5 977,255 555,759 1,593,104 0.0403 0.0408 0.0363

MS Oct 6 1,015,219 594,592 1,675,235 0.0418 0.0437 0.0382

MS Oct 7 1,035,786 604,809 1,698,851 0.0427 0.0444 0.0387

MS Oct 8 1,050,150 614,722 1,759,169 0.0433 0.0452 0.0401

MS Oct 9 1,058,415 642,497 1,863,096 0.0436 0.0472 0.0424

H-26

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 156 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix H

Average 2000-2004 State Level Monthly-Diurnal Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Hour [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Average Values [2000-2004]

Calculated Ratios

MS Oct 10 1,057,888 624,425 1,974,628 0.0436 0.0459 0.0450

MS Oct 11 1,058,906 625,425 2,027,461 0.0436 0.0459 0.0462

MS Oct 12 1,060,871 658,573 2,099,963 0.0437 0.0484 0.0478

MS Oct 13 1,067,447 672,788 2,137,711 0.0440 0.0494 0.0487

MS Oct 14 1,069,322 657,719 2,185,782 0.0441 0.0483 0.0498

MS Oct 15 1,077,341 657,106 2,169,737 0.0444 0.0483 0.0494

MS Oct 16 1,083,412 653,251 2,157,074 0.0446 0.0480 0.0491

MS Oct 17 1,105,122 658,900 2,175,847 0.0455 0.0484 0.0496

MS Oct 18 1,119,474 665,373 2,189,952 0.0461 0.0489 0.0499

MS Oct 19 1,097,619 629,441 2,103,011 0.0452 0.0462 0.0479

MS Oct 20 1,075,426 588,481 2,007,873 0.0443 0.0432 0.0457

MS Oct 21 1,056,396 553,395 1,863,573 0.0435 0.0406 0.0424

MS Oct 22 994,149 490,323 1,636,301 0.0410 0.0360 0.0373

MS Oct 23 924,165 437,325 1,518,220 0.0381 0.0321 0.0346

MS Nov 0 873,994 419,723 1,319,979 0.0361 0.0291 0.0319

MS Nov 1 852,947 401,495 1,283,359 0.0352 0.0279 0.0310

MS Nov 2 830,951 389,995 1,261,174 0.0343 0.0271 0.0305

MS Nov 3 826,026 391,038 1,262,690 0.0341 0.0272 0.0305

MS Nov 4 857,253 417,220 1,308,806 0.0354 0.0290 0.0316

MS Nov 5 958,948 508,090 1,458,443 0.0396 0.0353 0.0353

MS Nov 6 1,022,014 630,716 1,659,706 0.0422 0.0438 0.0401

MS Nov 7 1,060,943 640,532 1,755,027 0.0438 0.0445 0.0424

MS Nov 8 1,091,560 651,059 1,801,817 0.0451 0.0452 0.0436

MS Nov 9 1,103,148 683,533 1,857,927 0.0455 0.0475 0.0449

MS Nov 10 1,078,324 694,360 1,880,080 0.0445 0.0482 0.0455

MS Nov 11 1,065,364 668,754 1,889,916 0.0440 0.0464 0.0457

MS Nov 12 1,032,203 637,744 1,903,624 0.0426 0.0443 0.0460

MS Nov 13 1,017,096 632,959 1,918,195 0.0420 0.0440 0.0464

MS Nov 14 991,302 621,379 1,936,214 0.0409 0.0432 0.0468

MS Nov 15 991,334 615,452 1,910,301 0.0409 0.0427 0.0462

MS Nov 16 1,038,741 662,734 1,952,063 0.0429 0.0460 0.0472

MS Nov 17 1,118,397 752,304 2,049,173 0.0462 0.0522 0.0495

MS Nov 18 1,139,616 804,866 2,097,309 0.0470 0.0559 0.0507

MS Nov 19 1,122,336 781,325 2,065,487 0.0463 0.0543 0.0499

MS Nov 20 1,099,154 709,431 1,965,038 0.0454 0.0493 0.0475

MS Nov 21 1,068,182 620,932 1,794,635 0.0441 0.0431 0.0434

MS Nov 22 1,033,176 572,600 1,595,278 0.0427 0.0398 0.0386

MS Nov 23 949,071 490,972 1,433,679 0.0392 0.0341 0.0347

MS Dec 0 985,774 547,406 1,523,183 0.0382 0.0351 0.0338

MS Dec 1 958,678 534,960 1,512,551 0.0372 0.0343 0.0335

MS Dec 2 934,029 521,102 1,524,804 0.0362 0.0334 0.0338

MS Dec 3 934,104 526,929 1,560,808 0.0362 0.0338 0.0346

MS Dec 4 974,296 548,706 1,660,840 0.0378 0.0352 0.0368

MS Dec 5 1,039,798 612,444 1,841,503 0.0403 0.0393 0.0408

MS Dec 6 1,113,547 721,122 2,036,031 0.0432 0.0462 0.0452

MS Dec 7 1,159,345 753,347 2,071,427 0.0450 0.0483 0.0459

MS Dec 8 1,173,841 760,317 2,095,025 0.0455 0.0488 0.0465

MS Dec 9 1,176,528 727,906 2,045,553 0.0456 0.0467 0.0454

MS Dec 10 1,154,951 702,026 1,964,054 0.0448 0.0450 0.0436

MS Dec 11 1,121,403 667,756 1,869,824 0.0435 0.0428 0.0415

MS Dec 12 1,083,924 639,652 1,821,740 0.0420 0.0410 0.0404

MS Dec 13 1,047,128 607,261 1,783,500 0.0406 0.0389 0.0396

MS Dec 14 1,004,758 568,687 1,763,453 0.0390 0.0365 0.0391

H-27

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 157 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix H

Average 2000-2004 State Level Monthly-Diurnal Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Hour [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Average Values [2000-2004]

Calculated Ratios

MS Dec 15 990,339 548,686 1,785,581 0.0384 0.0352 0.0396

MS Dec 16 1,034,926 600,093 1,877,670 0.0401 0.0385 0.0416

MS Dec 17 1,132,545 725,446 2,120,044 0.0439 0.0465 0.0470

MS Dec 18 1,182,372 785,125 2,220,651 0.0458 0.0503 0.0493

MS Dec 19 1,175,656 770,915 2,225,372 0.0456 0.0494 0.0494

MS Dec 20 1,169,944 758,124 2,203,589 0.0454 0.0486 0.0489

MS Dec 21 1,128,007 715,886 2,103,635 0.0437 0.0459 0.0467

MS Dec 22 1,085,539 659,297 1,851,805 0.0421 0.0423 0.0411

MS Dec 23 1,026,441 590,507 1,625,055 0.0398 0.0379 0.0360

NC Jan 0 3,625,870 1,340,390 3,136,181 0.0373 0.0362 0.0340

NC Jan 1 3,547,305 1,308,649 3,066,666 0.0364 0.0353 0.0332

NC Jan 2 3,547,177 1,317,699 3,090,405 0.0364 0.0356 0.0335

NC Jan 3 3,588,787 1,347,741 3,203,085 0.0369 0.0364 0.0347

NC Jan 4 3,699,352 1,403,864 3,417,648 0.0380 0.0379 0.0370

NC Jan 5 3,908,915 1,499,733 3,756,822 0.0402 0.0405 0.0407

NC Jan 6 4,256,587 1,655,285 4,258,104 0.0437 0.0447 0.0462

NC Jan 7 4,483,631 1,774,004 4,707,090 0.0461 0.0479 0.0510

NC Jan 8 4,515,366 1,766,638 4,645,775 0.0464 0.0477 0.0504

NC Jan 9 4,491,734 1,754,783 4,636,411 0.0461 0.0474 0.0503

NC Jan 10 4,393,796 1,702,344 4,374,553 0.0451 0.0459 0.0474

NC Jan 11 4,250,196 1,636,046 4,145,824 0.0437 0.0442 0.0449

NC Jan 12 4,086,233 1,544,270 3,809,889 0.0420 0.0417 0.0413

NC Jan 13 3,955,293 1,476,462 3,617,829 0.0406 0.0398 0.0392

NC Jan 14 3,816,633 1,418,449 3,450,107 0.0392 0.0383 0.0374

NC Jan 15 3,743,931 1,389,505 3,382,436 0.0385 0.0375 0.0367

NC Jan 16 3,815,007 1,417,757 3,483,763 0.0392 0.0383 0.0378

NC Jan 17 4,092,382 1,537,546 3,810,633 0.0420 0.0415 0.0413

NC Jan 18 4,420,054 1,716,940 4,361,423 0.0454 0.0463 0.0473

NC Jan 19 4,435,210 1,708,171 4,331,349 0.0456 0.0461 0.0469

NC Jan 20 4,392,805 1,679,293 4,212,749 0.0451 0.0453 0.0457

NC Jan 21 4,302,264 1,645,099 4,096,848 0.0442 0.0444 0.0444

NC Jan 22 4,123,178 1,572,475 3,824,535 0.0424 0.0424 0.0415

NC Jan 23 3,840,179 1,440,491 3,434,780 0.0395 0.0389 0.0372

NC Feb 0 3,184,603 1,111,659 2,584,219 0.0365 0.0355 0.0335

NC Feb 1 3,104,814 1,084,322 2,526,549 0.0356 0.0346 0.0327

NC Feb 2 3,102,384 1,084,226 2,523,155 0.0356 0.0346 0.0327

NC Feb 3 3,150,560 1,102,189 2,565,178 0.0362 0.0352 0.0332

NC Feb 4 3,265,151 1,154,184 2,727,067 0.0375 0.0369 0.0353

NC Feb 5 3,477,336 1,241,276 2,998,673 0.0399 0.0396 0.0388

NC Feb 6 3,822,164 1,386,221 3,442,195 0.0439 0.0443 0.0446

NC Feb 7 4,018,486 1,469,047 3,700,102 0.0461 0.0469 0.0479

NC Feb 8 4,046,941 1,482,539 3,747,404 0.0464 0.0474 0.0485

NC Feb 9 4,018,646 1,459,740 3,678,388 0.0461 0.0466 0.0476

NC Feb 10 3,950,541 1,421,953 3,537,090 0.0453 0.0454 0.0458

NC Feb 11 3,820,149 1,364,963 3,395,422 0.0438 0.0436 0.0440

NC Feb 12 3,695,389 1,319,860 3,286,832 0.0424 0.0422 0.0426

NC Feb 13 3,589,834 1,286,954 3,238,548 0.0412 0.0411 0.0419

NC Feb 14 3,480,630 1,245,758 3,140,457 0.0399 0.0398 0.0407

NC Feb 15 3,413,401 1,225,689 3,112,350 0.0392 0.0392 0.0403

NC Feb 16 3,436,366 1,238,232 3,156,097 0.0394 0.0396 0.0409

NC Feb 17 3,578,845 1,301,549 3,309,765 0.0411 0.0416 0.0429

NC Feb 18 3,916,367 1,444,037 3,687,236 0.0449 0.0461 0.0477

NC Feb 19 4,026,027 1,479,808 3,763,280 0.0462 0.0473 0.0487

H-28

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 158 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix H

Average 2000-2004 State Level Monthly-Diurnal Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Hour [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Average Values [2000-2004]

Calculated Ratios

NC Feb 20 4,006,346 1,462,311 3,636,622 0.0460 0.0467 0.0471

NC Feb 21 3,910,149 1,416,593 3,470,296 0.0449 0.0452 0.0449

NC Feb 22 3,715,354 1,327,212 3,175,393 0.0426 0.0424 0.0411

NC Feb 23 3,406,957 1,195,674 2,817,750 0.0391 0.0382 0.0365

NC Mar 0 3,495,471 1,156,479 2,781,502 0.0357 0.0344 0.0338

NC Mar 1 3,364,317 1,111,545 2,674,119 0.0344 0.0331 0.0325

NC Mar 2 3,321,515 1,101,682 2,646,229 0.0340 0.0328 0.0321

NC Mar 3 3,325,853 1,110,846 2,677,665 0.0340 0.0330 0.0325

NC Mar 4 3,432,883 1,154,085 2,799,670 0.0351 0.0343 0.0340

NC Mar 5 3,679,438 1,253,842 3,101,527 0.0376 0.0373 0.0377

NC Mar 6 4,083,241 1,423,687 3,556,842 0.0417 0.0423 0.0432

NC Mar 7 4,325,741 1,523,695 3,835,215 0.0442 0.0453 0.0466

NC Mar 8 4,408,061 1,554,926 3,978,168 0.0451 0.0462 0.0483

NC Mar 9 4,446,596 1,560,347 3,954,716 0.0455 0.0464 0.0480

NC Mar 10 4,422,051 1,540,513 3,787,457 0.0452 0.0458 0.0460

NC Mar 11 4,368,120 1,515,980 3,696,220 0.0446 0.0451 0.0449

NC Mar 12 4,320,676 1,487,685 3,591,910 0.0442 0.0442 0.0436

NC Mar 13 4,260,564 1,462,294 3,552,480 0.0435 0.0435 0.0432

NC Mar 14 4,181,428 1,428,179 3,424,153 0.0427 0.0425 0.0416

NC Mar 15 4,125,296 1,400,339 3,358,859 0.0422 0.0417 0.0408

NC Mar 16 4,137,088 1,409,567 3,382,900 0.0423 0.0419 0.0411

NC Mar 17 4,186,812 1,437,864 3,490,868 0.0428 0.0428 0.0424

NC Mar 18 4,384,996 1,518,976 3,714,131 0.0448 0.0452 0.0451

NC Mar 19 4,597,710 1,613,055 3,968,091 0.0470 0.0480 0.0482

NC Mar 20 4,561,487 1,604,590 3,972,640 0.0466 0.0477 0.0483

NC Mar 21 4,431,834 1,545,633 3,790,920 0.0453 0.0460 0.0460

NC Mar 22 4,186,059 1,433,121 3,483,528 0.0428 0.0426 0.0423

NC Mar 23 3,785,976 1,271,907 3,103,453 0.0387 0.0378 0.0377

NC Apr 0 3,039,447 989,438 2,429,415 0.0328 0.0314 0.0296

NC Apr 1 2,910,931 945,386 2,307,952 0.0314 0.0300 0.0281

NC Apr 2 2,850,958 927,453 2,269,071 0.0308 0.0294 0.0276

NC Apr 3 2,896,556 942,765 2,335,243 0.0313 0.0299 0.0284

NC Apr 4 3,135,361 1,025,528 2,555,352 0.0339 0.0325 0.0311

NC Apr 5 3,584,481 1,188,997 2,979,186 0.0387 0.0377 0.0363

NC Apr 6 3,881,843 1,294,539 3,271,639 0.0419 0.0411 0.0398

NC Apr 7 4,047,382 1,346,556 3,417,421 0.0437 0.0427 0.0416

NC Apr 8 4,171,051 1,385,765 3,451,552 0.0451 0.0440 0.0420

NC Apr 9 4,231,500 1,414,685 3,525,438 0.0457 0.0449 0.0429

NC Apr 10 4,270,268 1,444,254 3,674,803 0.0461 0.0458 0.0448

NC Apr 11 4,286,067 1,471,462 3,829,895 0.0463 0.0467 0.0466

NC Apr 12 4,290,947 1,505,275 4,032,680 0.0463 0.0478 0.0491

NC Apr 13 4,262,841 1,500,242 4,108,312 0.0460 0.0476 0.0500

NC Apr 14 4,252,222 1,503,067 4,136,316 0.0459 0.0477 0.0504

NC Apr 15 4,260,951 1,532,047 4,188,783 0.0460 0.0486 0.0510

NC Apr 16 4,235,832 1,522,595 4,190,814 0.0458 0.0483 0.0510

NC Apr 17 4,180,904 1,484,742 4,120,053 0.0452 0.0471 0.0502

NC Apr 18 4,151,241 1,442,982 3,980,953 0.0448 0.0458 0.0485

NC Apr 19 4,327,964 1,496,496 4,079,513 0.0467 0.0475 0.0497

NC Apr 20 4,309,003 1,478,214 3,952,971 0.0465 0.0469 0.0481

NC Apr 21 4,083,738 1,377,185 3,538,885 0.0441 0.0437 0.0431

NC Apr 22 3,659,870 1,215,010 3,052,504 0.0395 0.0386 0.0372

NC Apr 23 3,262,225 1,075,490 2,685,449 0.0352 0.0341 0.0327

NC May 0 2,988,299 951,099 2,688,735 0.0321 0.0307 0.0290

H-29

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 159 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix H

Average 2000-2004 State Level Monthly-Diurnal Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Hour [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Average Values [2000-2004]

Calculated Ratios

NC May 1 2,792,481 891,529 2,497,088 0.0300 0.0288 0.0269

NC May 2 2,674,871 855,789 2,392,481 0.0288 0.0276 0.0258

NC May 3 2,669,331 854,116 2,383,638 0.0287 0.0276 0.0257

NC May 4 2,890,248 927,239 2,554,672 0.0311 0.0299 0.0276

NC May 5 3,297,681 1,061,987 2,886,430 0.0355 0.0343 0.0311

NC May 6 3,634,181 1,170,557 3,184,623 0.0391 0.0378 0.0344

NC May 7 3,846,900 1,245,848 3,416,574 0.0414 0.0402 0.0369

NC May 8 4,034,773 1,310,353 3,667,525 0.0434 0.0423 0.0396

NC May 9 4,184,672 1,371,573 3,893,093 0.0450 0.0443 0.0420

NC May 10 4,305,947 1,424,820 4,141,648 0.0463 0.0460 0.0447

NC May 11 4,404,097 1,483,068 4,458,155 0.0474 0.0479 0.0481

NC May 12 4,475,259 1,539,283 4,697,419 0.0481 0.0497 0.0507

NC May 13 4,491,964 1,569,034 4,875,921 0.0483 0.0506 0.0526

NC May 14 4,498,554 1,561,658 4,951,990 0.0484 0.0504 0.0534

NC May 15 4,523,801 1,571,285 5,012,379 0.0486 0.0507 0.0541

NC May 16 4,523,778 1,568,349 5,003,593 0.0486 0.0506 0.0540

NC May 17 4,482,997 1,542,267 4,944,140 0.0482 0.0498 0.0533

NC May 18 4,391,547 1,496,982 4,799,984 0.0472 0.0483 0.0518

NC May 19 4,391,525 1,490,306 4,803,533 0.0472 0.0481 0.0518

NC May 20 4,395,887 1,482,807 4,719,101 0.0473 0.0478 0.0509

NC May 21 4,138,037 1,371,218 4,192,432 0.0445 0.0442 0.0452

NC May 22 3,688,336 1,200,680 3,546,431 0.0397 0.0387 0.0383

NC May 23 3,285,445 1,051,167 2,990,351 0.0353 0.0339 0.0323

NC Jun 0 2,965,187 875,221 2,530,360 0.0330 0.0313 0.0292

NC Jun 1 2,750,053 815,628 2,369,418 0.0306 0.0291 0.0273

NC Jun 2 2,598,072 773,177 2,259,001 0.0289 0.0276 0.0261

NC Jun 3 2,545,090 759,204 2,218,521 0.0283 0.0271 0.0256

NC Jun 4 2,651,641 791,787 2,303,803 0.0295 0.0283 0.0266

NC Jun 5 2,843,468 850,485 2,461,441 0.0317 0.0304 0.0284

NC Jun 6 3,072,903 914,963 2,644,430 0.0342 0.0327 0.0305

NC Jun 7 3,386,526 1,011,128 2,920,142 0.0377 0.0361 0.0337

NC Jun 8 3,709,883 1,115,505 3,237,030 0.0413 0.0399 0.0374

NC Jun 9 4,019,872 1,225,834 3,603,667 0.0448 0.0438 0.0416

NC Jun 10 4,235,939 1,310,821 3,971,825 0.0472 0.0468 0.0458

NC Jun 11 4,372,819 1,396,154 4,238,914 0.0487 0.0499 0.0489

NC Jun 12 4,454,747 1,447,004 4,513,322 0.0496 0.0517 0.0521

NC Jun 13 4,496,004 1,465,037 4,671,766 0.0501 0.0524 0.0539

NC Jun 14 4,506,747 1,470,722 4,793,038 0.0502 0.0526 0.0553

NC Jun 15 4,519,474 1,471,545 4,844,987 0.0503 0.0526 0.0559

NC Jun 16 4,508,458 1,466,571 4,842,407 0.0502 0.0524 0.0559

NC Jun 17 4,456,620 1,439,530 4,757,817 0.0496 0.0514 0.0549

NC Jun 18 4,327,832 1,388,804 4,596,146 0.0482 0.0496 0.0530

NC Jun 19 4,226,778 1,343,402 4,472,457 0.0471 0.0480 0.0516

NC Jun 20 4,229,304 1,336,758 4,374,033 0.0471 0.0478 0.0505

NC Jun 21 3,991,005 1,238,023 3,917,165 0.0445 0.0442 0.0452

NC Jun 22 3,644,049 1,106,567 3,327,381 0.0406 0.0395 0.0384

NC Jun 23 3,271,149 967,979 2,787,309 0.0364 0.0346 0.0322

NC Jul 0 3,203,381 924,262 2,845,009 0.0332 0.0312 0.0297

NC Jul 1 2,965,161 855,451 2,596,343 0.0308 0.0288 0.0271

NC Jul 2 2,800,743 813,580 2,476,811 0.0291 0.0274 0.0259

NC Jul 3 2,736,180 793,048 2,404,572 0.0284 0.0267 0.0251

NC Jul 4 2,830,295 824,684 2,476,064 0.0294 0.0278 0.0259

NC Jul 5 3,047,522 889,319 2,647,583 0.0316 0.0300 0.0277

H-30

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 160 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix H

Average 2000-2004 State Level Monthly-Diurnal Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Hour [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Average Values [2000-2004]

Calculated Ratios

NC Jul 6 3,271,366 946,124 2,816,944 0.0339 0.0319 0.0294

NC Jul 7 3,616,680 1,052,025 3,223,059 0.0375 0.0355 0.0337

NC Jul 8 3,953,695 1,168,302 3,623,778 0.0410 0.0394 0.0379

NC Jul 9 4,291,848 1,283,942 3,984,938 0.0445 0.0433 0.0417

NC Jul 10 4,524,538 1,375,387 4,335,515 0.0469 0.0464 0.0453

NC Jul 11 4,668,460 1,454,562 4,648,805 0.0484 0.0490 0.0486

NC Jul 12 4,750,356 1,527,006 4,933,908 0.0493 0.0515 0.0516

NC Jul 13 4,798,813 1,559,248 5,125,858 0.0498 0.0526 0.0536

NC Jul 14 4,812,096 1,564,905 5,188,364 0.0499 0.0528 0.0542

NC Jul 15 4,821,883 1,575,434 5,266,185 0.0500 0.0531 0.0550

NC Jul 16 4,819,234 1,570,114 5,297,395 0.0500 0.0529 0.0554

NC Jul 17 4,778,497 1,549,473 5,257,998 0.0496 0.0522 0.0550

NC Jul 18 4,673,354 1,496,447 5,116,396 0.0485 0.0505 0.0535

NC Jul 19 4,583,203 1,443,042 4,962,470 0.0476 0.0487 0.0519

NC Jul 20 4,554,945 1,438,105 4,863,301 0.0473 0.0485 0.0508

NC Jul 21 4,324,076 1,333,900 4,447,802 0.0449 0.0450 0.0465

NC Jul 22 3,973,197 1,184,353 3,900,877 0.0412 0.0399 0.0408

NC Jul 23 3,573,947 1,033,602 3,224,929 0.0371 0.0349 0.0337

NC Aug 0 3,304,852 963,941 2,898,716 0.0337 0.0315 0.0295

NC Aug 1 3,081,864 895,575 2,683,361 0.0314 0.0292 0.0274

NC Aug 2 2,924,085 855,384 2,554,207 0.0298 0.0279 0.0260

NC Aug 3 2,863,192 840,718 2,510,575 0.0292 0.0274 0.0256

NC Aug 4 3,005,461 884,898 2,620,875 0.0306 0.0289 0.0267

NC Aug 5 3,356,686 990,812 2,913,206 0.0342 0.0323 0.0297

NC Aug 6 3,565,695 1,050,611 3,109,145 0.0363 0.0343 0.0317

NC Aug 7 3,823,159 1,133,457 3,368,494 0.0390 0.0370 0.0343

NC Aug 8 4,119,121 1,247,193 3,792,038 0.0420 0.0407 0.0387

NC Aug 9 4,379,709 1,338,095 4,201,047 0.0446 0.0437 0.0428

NC Aug 10 4,560,689 1,437,327 4,545,567 0.0465 0.0469 0.0463

NC Aug 11 4,679,909 1,487,234 4,789,916 0.0477 0.0486 0.0488

NC Aug 12 4,756,748 1,559,170 5,073,057 0.0485 0.0509 0.0517

NC Aug 13 4,774,631 1,580,678 5,225,795 0.0487 0.0516 0.0533

NC Aug 14 4,777,253 1,580,098 5,280,027 0.0487 0.0516 0.0538

NC Aug 15 4,794,051 1,587,918 5,331,244 0.0489 0.0518 0.0543

NC Aug 16 4,797,668 1,583,009 5,319,490 0.0489 0.0517 0.0542

NC Aug 17 4,755,560 1,559,949 5,259,749 0.0485 0.0509 0.0536

NC Aug 18 4,661,588 1,506,549 5,116,358 0.0475 0.0492 0.0522

NC Aug 19 4,629,150 1,490,605 5,077,271 0.0472 0.0487 0.0518

NC Aug 20 4,574,623 1,454,956 4,901,477 0.0466 0.0475 0.0500

NC Aug 21 4,333,660 1,342,227 4,457,401 0.0442 0.0438 0.0454

NC Aug 22 3,985,537 1,198,084 3,847,163 0.0406 0.0391 0.0392

NC Aug 23 3,604,838 1,059,628 3,227,349 0.0367 0.0346 0.0329

NC Sep 0 2,831,718 843,999 2,569,763 0.0314 0.0310 0.0304

NC Sep 1 2,671,813 806,005 2,439,499 0.0296 0.0296 0.0289

NC Sep 2 2,572,274 783,030 2,353,479 0.0285 0.0288 0.0279

NC Sep 3 2,562,140 782,625 2,362,933 0.0284 0.0287 0.0280

NC Sep 4 2,741,434 832,267 2,487,419 0.0304 0.0306 0.0295

NC Sep 5 3,169,190 949,868 2,725,482 0.0351 0.0349 0.0323

NC Sep 6 3,446,956 1,025,547 2,945,275 0.0382 0.0377 0.0349

NC Sep 7 3,602,068 1,070,749 3,070,781 0.0399 0.0393 0.0364

NC Sep 8 3,819,430 1,131,711 3,298,495 0.0423 0.0416 0.0391

NC Sep 9 4,029,055 1,202,680 3,585,863 0.0446 0.0442 0.0425

NC Sep 10 4,217,518 1,265,309 3,849,918 0.0467 0.0465 0.0456

H-31

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 161 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix H

Average 2000-2004 State Level Monthly-Diurnal Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Hour [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Average Values [2000-2004]

Calculated Ratios

NC Sep 11 4,330,923 1,307,158 4,050,205 0.0480 0.0480 0.0480

NC Sep 12 4,419,852 1,350,136 4,214,846 0.0489 0.0496 0.0499

NC Sep 13 4,447,094 1,372,538 4,362,014 0.0492 0.0504 0.0516

NC Sep 14 4,464,546 1,372,945 4,435,916 0.0494 0.0504 0.0525

NC Sep 15 4,479,217 1,375,057 4,470,927 0.0496 0.0505 0.0529

NC Sep 16 4,465,511 1,365,792 4,432,498 0.0494 0.0502 0.0525

NC Sep 17 4,416,809 1,340,361 4,368,640 0.0489 0.0492 0.0517

NC Sep 18 4,382,304 1,322,191 4,323,960 0.0485 0.0486 0.0512

NC Sep 19 4,425,808 1,337,459 4,385,946 0.0490 0.0491 0.0519

NC Sep 20 4,265,207 1,269,439 4,077,678 0.0472 0.0466 0.0483

NC Sep 21 3,933,113 1,163,534 3,660,789 0.0436 0.0427 0.0433

NC Sep 22 3,508,261 1,035,938 3,191,631 0.0388 0.0381 0.0378

NC Sep 23 3,107,606 919,230 2,792,129 0.0344 0.0338 0.0331

NC Oct 0 2,885,070 928,449 2,442,398 0.0310 0.0298 0.0293

NC Oct 1 2,763,997 887,557 2,351,682 0.0297 0.0285 0.0282

NC Oct 2 2,720,289 873,564 2,300,310 0.0292 0.0281 0.0276

NC Oct 3 2,783,044 896,560 2,344,762 0.0299 0.0288 0.0281

NC Oct 4 3,082,324 1,006,245 2,601,114 0.0331 0.0323 0.0312

NC Oct 5 3,619,699 1,193,245 3,037,925 0.0389 0.0383 0.0364

NC Oct 6 4,009,044 1,336,083 3,415,044 0.0431 0.0429 0.0410

NC Oct 7 4,124,324 1,361,719 3,513,460 0.0443 0.0437 0.0422

NC Oct 8 4,246,949 1,415,941 3,666,854 0.0456 0.0455 0.0440

NC Oct 9 4,314,835 1,440,726 3,784,701 0.0464 0.0463 0.0454

NC Oct 10 4,339,629 1,450,914 3,816,711 0.0466 0.0466 0.0458

NC Oct 11 4,349,419 1,461,892 3,841,587 0.0467 0.0469 0.0461

NC Oct 12 4,357,347 1,476,232 3,953,621 0.0468 0.0474 0.0474

NC Oct 13 4,338,826 1,487,464 4,094,481 0.0466 0.0478 0.0491

NC Oct 14 4,314,366 1,488,527 4,131,106 0.0464 0.0478 0.0496

NC Oct 15 4,316,652 1,485,833 4,106,754 0.0464 0.0477 0.0493

NC Oct 16 4,309,747 1,474,424 4,093,656 0.0463 0.0473 0.0491

NC Oct 17 4,339,072 1,478,737 4,084,329 0.0466 0.0475 0.0490

NC Oct 18 4,493,664 1,540,332 4,212,273 0.0483 0.0495 0.0505

NC Oct 19 4,450,160 1,514,183 4,126,568 0.0478 0.0486 0.0495

NC Oct 20 4,284,031 1,443,363 3,900,011 0.0460 0.0464 0.0468

NC Oct 21 3,975,347 1,323,443 3,594,778 0.0427 0.0425 0.0431

NC Oct 22 3,512,993 1,149,489 3,134,673 0.0377 0.0369 0.0376

NC Oct 23 3,146,439 1,025,300 2,806,812 0.0338 0.0329 0.0337

NC Nov 0 3,150,839 1,015,387 2,449,180 0.0350 0.0339 0.0336

NC Nov 1 3,028,579 971,948 2,360,809 0.0337 0.0324 0.0324

NC Nov 2 2,980,393 959,450 2,315,231 0.0331 0.0320 0.0317

NC Nov 3 2,996,471 969,449 2,326,773 0.0333 0.0323 0.0319

NC Nov 4 3,110,091 1,013,456 2,432,433 0.0346 0.0338 0.0333

NC Nov 5 3,397,863 1,122,707 2,719,216 0.0378 0.0375 0.0373

NC Nov 6 3,816,334 1,281,051 3,145,075 0.0424 0.0427 0.0431

NC Nov 7 4,044,328 1,358,786 3,355,851 0.0450 0.0453 0.0460

NC Nov 8 4,121,076 1,380,735 3,392,485 0.0458 0.0461 0.0465

NC Nov 9 4,141,648 1,394,679 3,387,725 0.0460 0.0465 0.0464

NC Nov 10 4,108,343 1,378,482 3,320,442 0.0457 0.0460 0.0455

NC Nov 11 4,021,305 1,349,512 3,269,332 0.0447 0.0450 0.0448

NC Nov 12 3,904,488 1,315,604 3,216,716 0.0434 0.0439 0.0441

NC Nov 13 3,825,065 1,289,627 3,183,346 0.0425 0.0430 0.0436

NC Nov 14 3,746,599 1,261,138 3,114,744 0.0416 0.0421 0.0427

NC Nov 15 3,701,103 1,252,501 3,108,862 0.0411 0.0418 0.0426

H-32

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 162 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix H

Average 2000-2004 State Level Monthly-Diurnal Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Hour [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Average Values [2000-2004]

Calculated Ratios

NC Nov 16 3,777,052 1,273,672 3,164,960 0.0420 0.0425 0.0434

NC Nov 17 4,062,557 1,381,041 3,395,008 0.0452 0.0461 0.0465

NC Nov 18 4,291,870 1,463,476 3,557,570 0.0477 0.0488 0.0488

NC Nov 19 4,247,162 1,429,480 3,479,287 0.0472 0.0477 0.0477

NC Nov 20 4,186,388 1,395,882 3,370,869 0.0465 0.0466 0.0462

NC Nov 21 4,049,659 1,347,541 3,230,259 0.0450 0.0450 0.0443

NC Nov 22 3,799,944 1,252,490 2,970,701 0.0422 0.0418 0.0407

NC Nov 23 3,445,867 1,119,348 2,674,017 0.0383 0.0373 0.0367

NC Dec 0 3,746,730 1,304,213 3,329,238 0.0381 0.0364 0.0343

NC Dec 1 3,640,826 1,249,301 3,111,292 0.0371 0.0349 0.0320

NC Dec 2 3,604,310 1,236,941 3,029,282 0.0367 0.0346 0.0312

NC Dec 3 3,629,794 1,243,360 3,030,814 0.0369 0.0347 0.0312

NC Dec 4 3,728,167 1,296,002 3,236,096 0.0379 0.0362 0.0333

NC Dec 5 3,902,435 1,395,928 3,643,907 0.0397 0.0390 0.0375

NC Dec 6 4,205,452 1,551,236 4,365,683 0.0428 0.0433 0.0449

NC Dec 7 4,435,132 1,683,579 4,874,322 0.0451 0.0470 0.0502

NC Dec 8 4,518,449 1,723,609 4,993,567 0.0460 0.0482 0.0514

NC Dec 9 4,494,805 1,704,798 4,884,158 0.0457 0.0476 0.0503

NC Dec 10 4,377,997 1,646,309 4,645,870 0.0446 0.0460 0.0478

NC Dec 11 4,201,701 1,574,751 4,439,375 0.0428 0.0440 0.0457

NC Dec 12 4,035,944 1,488,621 4,115,556 0.0411 0.0416 0.0423

NC Dec 13 3,895,872 1,379,646 3,606,995 0.0396 0.0385 0.0371

NC Dec 14 3,780,919 1,338,989 3,454,137 0.0385 0.0374 0.0355

NC Dec 15 3,725,324 1,326,372 3,466,080 0.0379 0.0371 0.0357

NC Dec 16 3,856,207 1,379,749 3,737,941 0.0392 0.0385 0.0385

NC Dec 17 4,270,038 1,574,946 4,407,860 0.0435 0.0440 0.0454

NC Dec 18 4,520,968 1,690,557 4,747,898 0.0460 0.0472 0.0489

NC Dec 19 4,528,494 1,690,133 4,819,407 0.0461 0.0472 0.0496

NC Dec 20 4,505,067 1,682,184 4,769,232 0.0458 0.0470 0.0491

NC Dec 21 4,432,600 1,659,975 4,657,151 0.0451 0.0464 0.0479

NC Dec 22 4,259,928 1,562,495 4,182,135 0.0434 0.0437 0.0430

NC Dec 23 3,968,211 1,409,786 3,637,388 0.0404 0.0394 0.0374

SC Jan 0 1,728,093 721,116 1,850,156 0.0395 0.0391 0.0373

SC Jan 1 1,700,006 706,997 1,809,948 0.0389 0.0384 0.0365

SC Jan 2 1,698,665 704,675 1,809,371 0.0389 0.0382 0.0365

SC Jan 3 1,707,947 709,505 1,821,754 0.0391 0.0385 0.0367

SC Jan 4 1,729,700 717,457 1,871,774 0.0396 0.0389 0.0378

SC Jan 5 1,776,301 752,197 2,094,917 0.0406 0.0408 0.0423

SC Jan 6 1,860,983 787,384 2,287,912 0.0426 0.0427 0.0461

SC Jan 7 1,923,567 829,128 2,465,540 0.0440 0.0450 0.0497

SC Jan 8 1,933,655 810,887 2,466,285 0.0442 0.0440 0.0497

SC Jan 9 1,936,894 813,441 2,411,559 0.0443 0.0441 0.0486

SC Jan 10 1,918,638 794,597 2,235,280 0.0439 0.0431 0.0451

SC Jan 11 1,876,381 778,460 2,130,643 0.0429 0.0422 0.0430

SC Jan 12 1,830,742 761,547 2,036,485 0.0419 0.0413 0.0411

SC Jan 13 1,789,149 745,241 1,995,539 0.0409 0.0404 0.0402

SC Jan 14 1,759,395 727,972 1,952,888 0.0402 0.0395 0.0394

SC Jan 15 1,744,819 723,566 1,906,404 0.0399 0.0393 0.0385

SC Jan 16 1,757,000 739,319 1,922,537 0.0402 0.0401 0.0388

SC Jan 17 1,823,893 777,143 2,023,581 0.0417 0.0422 0.0408

SC Jan 18 1,912,362 829,821 2,168,269 0.0437 0.0450 0.0437

SC Jan 19 1,913,185 836,772 2,171,758 0.0438 0.0454 0.0438

SC Jan 20 1,898,515 825,406 2,135,170 0.0434 0.0448 0.0431

H-33

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 163 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix H

Average 2000-2004 State Level Monthly-Diurnal Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Hour [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Average Values [2000-2004]

Calculated Ratios

SC Jan 21 1,883,924 803,841 2,093,017 0.0431 0.0436 0.0422

SC Jan 22 1,838,539 781,559 2,006,926 0.0421 0.0424 0.0405

SC Jan 23 1,779,635 754,512 1,912,777 0.0407 0.0409 0.0386

SC Feb 0 1,491,213 613,334 1,607,464 0.0387 0.0381 0.0372

SC Feb 1 1,463,158 597,825 1,576,644 0.0380 0.0372 0.0365

SC Feb 2 1,460,769 595,351 1,569,584 0.0379 0.0370 0.0363

SC Feb 3 1,473,152 604,627 1,575,911 0.0382 0.0376 0.0365

SC Feb 4 1,496,362 618,267 1,614,304 0.0388 0.0384 0.0373

SC Feb 5 1,557,038 644,924 1,726,173 0.0404 0.0401 0.0399

SC Feb 6 1,653,909 683,041 1,882,275 0.0429 0.0425 0.0435

SC Feb 7 1,728,362 721,019 2,067,084 0.0448 0.0448 0.0478

SC Feb 8 1,736,534 759,406 2,064,784 0.0451 0.0472 0.0478

SC Feb 9 1,735,409 775,830 1,994,870 0.0450 0.0482 0.0461

SC Feb 10 1,721,097 711,635 1,913,585 0.0447 0.0442 0.0443

SC Feb 11 1,673,555 696,036 1,846,604 0.0434 0.0433 0.0427

SC Feb 12 1,619,888 682,489 1,794,420 0.0420 0.0424 0.0415

SC Feb 13 1,578,544 650,899 1,749,844 0.0410 0.0405 0.0405

SC Feb 14 1,547,477 644,188 1,721,217 0.0402 0.0401 0.0398

SC Feb 15 1,532,282 624,880 1,698,203 0.0398 0.0388 0.0393

SC Feb 16 1,539,109 631,259 1,713,567 0.0399 0.0392 0.0396

SC Feb 17 1,579,567 657,001 1,791,698 0.0410 0.0408 0.0414

SC Feb 18 1,663,058 701,384 1,921,503 0.0432 0.0436 0.0445

SC Feb 19 1,697,528 723,836 1,976,870 0.0440 0.0450 0.0457

SC Feb 20 1,697,268 705,811 1,953,211 0.0440 0.0439 0.0452

SC Feb 21 1,687,160 699,588 1,924,838 0.0438 0.0435 0.0445

SC Feb 22 1,645,415 681,704 1,829,540 0.0427 0.0424 0.0423

SC Feb 23 1,563,182 660,164 1,713,133 0.0406 0.0410 0.0396

SC Mar 0 1,570,028 617,676 1,729,461 0.0376 0.0366 0.0358

SC Mar 1 1,531,400 602,756 1,688,537 0.0366 0.0357 0.0350

SC Mar 2 1,521,077 591,850 1,683,137 0.0364 0.0351 0.0349

SC Mar 3 1,523,949 595,935 1,703,237 0.0365 0.0353 0.0353

SC Mar 4 1,548,871 605,469 1,742,061 0.0371 0.0359 0.0361

SC Mar 5 1,620,422 643,732 1,902,989 0.0388 0.0382 0.0394

SC Mar 6 1,745,903 702,598 2,107,986 0.0418 0.0417 0.0437

SC Mar 7 1,830,523 747,531 2,335,048 0.0438 0.0443 0.0484

SC Mar 8 1,844,727 759,818 2,341,894 0.0441 0.0451 0.0485

SC Mar 9 1,855,820 756,820 2,275,264 0.0444 0.0449 0.0471

SC Mar 10 1,838,923 749,713 2,162,459 0.0440 0.0445 0.0448

SC Mar 11 1,818,689 737,663 2,094,414 0.0435 0.0437 0.0434

SC Mar 12 1,799,958 730,198 2,050,291 0.0431 0.0433 0.0425

SC Mar 13 1,778,256 720,279 2,024,946 0.0425 0.0427 0.0419

SC Mar 14 1,762,992 716,285 2,004,596 0.0422 0.0425 0.0415

SC Mar 15 1,754,896 712,561 1,989,139 0.0420 0.0423 0.0412

SC Mar 16 1,763,911 714,222 1,989,251 0.0422 0.0424 0.0412

SC Mar 17 1,787,826 729,933 2,036,373 0.0428 0.0433 0.0422

SC Mar 18 1,825,407 741,845 2,106,974 0.0437 0.0440 0.0436

SC Mar 19 1,883,948 769,078 2,165,672 0.0451 0.0456 0.0449

SC Mar 20 1,885,767 774,288 2,171,867 0.0451 0.0459 0.0450

SC Mar 21 1,865,243 759,550 2,122,958 0.0446 0.0450 0.0440

SC Mar 22 1,796,203 724,800 2,006,710 0.0430 0.0430 0.0416

SC Mar 23 1,644,196 659,138 1,835,734 0.0393 0.0391 0.0380

SC Apr 0 1,449,915 578,366 1,541,052 0.0369 0.0355 0.0331

SC Apr 1 1,413,251 559,096 1,508,815 0.0360 0.0343 0.0324

H-34

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 164 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix H

Average 2000-2004 State Level Monthly-Diurnal Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Hour [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Average Values [2000-2004]

Calculated Ratios

SC Apr 2 1,399,197 553,497 1,497,568 0.0356 0.0340 0.0322

SC Apr 3 1,395,975 554,522 1,498,333 0.0355 0.0340 0.0322

SC Apr 4 1,444,258 579,023 1,584,251 0.0367 0.0355 0.0340

SC Apr 5 1,541,273 627,007 1,735,422 0.0392 0.0385 0.0373

SC Apr 6 1,626,261 664,207 1,877,552 0.0414 0.0407 0.0403

SC Apr 7 1,651,226 691,226 1,961,326 0.0420 0.0424 0.0421

SC Apr 8 1,692,028 700,213 1,940,268 0.0430 0.0430 0.0417

SC Apr 9 1,719,835 714,123 1,947,967 0.0437 0.0438 0.0418

SC Apr 10 1,729,069 721,714 2,021,772 0.0440 0.0443 0.0434

SC Apr 11 1,737,657 729,330 2,128,857 0.0442 0.0447 0.0457

SC Apr 12 1,741,301 732,848 2,180,195 0.0443 0.0450 0.0468

SC Apr 13 1,736,903 735,831 2,235,280 0.0442 0.0451 0.0480

SC Apr 14 1,736,370 735,125 2,259,505 0.0442 0.0451 0.0485

SC Apr 15 1,740,580 739,391 2,251,512 0.0443 0.0454 0.0484

SC Apr 16 1,747,930 740,665 2,226,652 0.0445 0.0454 0.0478

SC Apr 17 1,741,543 742,101 2,206,888 0.0443 0.0455 0.0474

SC Apr 18 1,728,436 728,244 2,173,481 0.0440 0.0447 0.0467

SC Apr 19 1,755,766 735,011 2,190,506 0.0447 0.0451 0.0471

SC Apr 20 1,761,299 738,799 2,158,688 0.0448 0.0453 0.0464

SC Apr 21 1,705,932 721,195 2,017,954 0.0434 0.0442 0.0433

SC Apr 22 1,608,642 670,600 1,797,648 0.0409 0.0411 0.0386

SC Apr 23 1,506,893 610,338 1,608,882 0.0383 0.0374 0.0346

SC May 0 1,498,612 637,097 1,833,832 0.0362 0.0347 0.0316

SC May 1 1,450,392 615,904 1,771,923 0.0351 0.0336 0.0306

SC May 2 1,417,869 602,820 1,744,069 0.0343 0.0329 0.0301

SC May 3 1,400,882 600,357 1,733,497 0.0339 0.0327 0.0299

SC May 4 1,428,284 614,115 1,759,756 0.0345 0.0335 0.0304

SC May 5 1,519,500 652,482 1,859,793 0.0367 0.0356 0.0321

SC May 6 1,611,498 693,767 1,967,396 0.0390 0.0378 0.0339

SC May 7 1,648,860 723,968 2,049,759 0.0399 0.0395 0.0354

SC May 8 1,720,799 755,914 2,185,667 0.0416 0.0412 0.0377

SC May 9 1,779,287 792,359 2,389,819 0.0430 0.0432 0.0412

SC May 10 1,833,007 822,368 2,607,752 0.0443 0.0448 0.0450

SC May 11 1,873,194 849,691 2,835,887 0.0453 0.0463 0.0489

SC May 12 1,894,648 868,950 2,950,397 0.0458 0.0474 0.0509

SC May 13 1,910,942 888,796 2,995,481 0.0462 0.0485 0.0517

SC May 14 1,907,923 885,213 3,037,408 0.0461 0.0483 0.0524

SC May 15 1,918,453 876,112 3,069,418 0.0464 0.0478 0.0530

SC May 16 1,921,958 876,388 3,063,115 0.0465 0.0478 0.0529

SC May 17 1,904,834 867,684 3,023,165 0.0461 0.0473 0.0522

SC May 18 1,876,441 841,868 2,911,756 0.0454 0.0459 0.0502

SC May 19 1,868,291 830,060 2,862,350 0.0452 0.0453 0.0494

SC May 20 1,868,894 830,803 2,786,645 0.0452 0.0453 0.0481

SC May 21 1,817,535 803,046 2,460,990 0.0440 0.0438 0.0425

SC May 22 1,699,689 738,375 2,120,530 0.0411 0.0403 0.0366

SC May 23 1,576,820 673,205 1,933,990 0.0381 0.0367 0.0334

SC Jun 0 1,493,640 582,310 1,794,445 0.0364 0.0353 0.0323

SC Jun 1 1,432,120 558,309 1,727,493 0.0349 0.0339 0.0311

SC Jun 2 1,391,295 543,551 1,690,485 0.0339 0.0330 0.0304

SC Jun 3 1,374,261 540,031 1,666,058 0.0335 0.0328 0.0300

SC Jun 4 1,385,262 541,945 1,672,944 0.0338 0.0329 0.0301

SC Jun 5 1,428,870 557,257 1,718,034 0.0349 0.0338 0.0309

SC Jun 6 1,496,140 582,334 1,784,352 0.0365 0.0353 0.0321

H-35

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 165 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix H

Average 2000-2004 State Level Monthly-Diurnal Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Hour [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Average Values [2000-2004]

Calculated Ratios

SC Jun 7 1,569,789 624,786 1,885,299 0.0383 0.0379 0.0339

SC Jun 8 1,687,007 681,249 2,089,132 0.0411 0.0413 0.0376

SC Jun 9 1,773,648 718,864 2,303,706 0.0433 0.0436 0.0414

SC Jun 10 1,849,785 758,252 2,555,332 0.0451 0.0460 0.0460

SC Jun 11 1,898,722 778,157 2,738,523 0.0463 0.0472 0.0492

SC Jun 12 1,919,728 793,701 2,834,378 0.0468 0.0481 0.0510

SC Jun 13 1,932,270 798,164 2,886,166 0.0471 0.0484 0.0519

SC Jun 14 1,936,457 797,934 2,921,888 0.0472 0.0484 0.0525

SC Jun 15 1,936,616 792,769 2,936,701 0.0472 0.0481 0.0528

SC Jun 16 1,928,347 785,587 2,920,656 0.0470 0.0477 0.0525

SC Jun 17 1,911,440 779,492 2,886,164 0.0466 0.0473 0.0519

SC Jun 18 1,882,383 761,132 2,799,440 0.0459 0.0462 0.0503

SC Jun 19 1,855,166 746,872 2,702,881 0.0453 0.0453 0.0486

SC Jun 20 1,851,233 746,366 2,676,326 0.0452 0.0453 0.0481

SC Jun 21 1,801,170 725,445 2,437,466 0.0439 0.0440 0.0438

SC Jun 22 1,692,344 673,917 2,079,593 0.0413 0.0409 0.0374

SC Jun 23 1,570,218 616,659 1,900,884 0.0383 0.0374 0.0342

SC Jul 0 1,620,900 617,147 1,915,031 0.0369 0.0358 0.0326

SC Jul 1 1,551,483 588,500 1,850,564 0.0354 0.0341 0.0315

SC Jul 2 1,500,227 571,371 1,806,669 0.0342 0.0331 0.0308

SC Jul 3 1,472,648 563,618 1,788,381 0.0336 0.0327 0.0304

SC Jul 4 1,479,367 567,725 1,795,608 0.0337 0.0329 0.0306

SC Jul 5 1,524,479 585,021 1,839,929 0.0348 0.0339 0.0313

SC Jul 6 1,587,303 606,797 1,891,656 0.0362 0.0352 0.0322

SC Jul 7 1,670,210 646,514 2,008,168 0.0381 0.0375 0.0342

SC Jul 8 1,793,230 704,890 2,254,461 0.0409 0.0409 0.0384

SC Jul 9 1,900,677 759,809 2,535,975 0.0433 0.0441 0.0432

SC Jul 10 1,974,755 791,754 2,719,318 0.0450 0.0459 0.0463

SC Jul 11 2,012,079 807,840 2,877,177 0.0459 0.0469 0.0490

SC Jul 12 2,040,709 822,946 2,967,171 0.0465 0.0477 0.0505

SC Jul 13 2,049,158 825,391 3,004,287 0.0467 0.0479 0.0511

SC Jul 14 2,052,040 833,307 3,047,656 0.0468 0.0483 0.0519

SC Jul 15 2,060,489 832,450 3,057,284 0.0470 0.0483 0.0520

SC Jul 16 2,055,686 825,135 3,025,976 0.0469 0.0479 0.0515

SC Jul 17 2,043,298 816,427 2,987,729 0.0466 0.0474 0.0509

SC Jul 18 2,018,525 798,095 2,919,358 0.0460 0.0463 0.0497

SC Jul 19 1,991,587 781,061 2,863,829 0.0454 0.0453 0.0488

SC Jul 20 1,992,241 778,797 2,817,732 0.0454 0.0452 0.0480

SC Jul 21 1,932,045 752,881 2,540,668 0.0440 0.0437 0.0433

SC Jul 22 1,830,533 705,997 2,211,035 0.0417 0.0409 0.0376

SC Jul 23 1,713,740 657,337 2,016,164 0.0391 0.0381 0.0343

SC Aug 0 1,669,000 626,459 1,923,024 0.0374 0.0366 0.0328

SC Aug 1 1,599,912 597,112 1,868,252 0.0358 0.0349 0.0319

SC Aug 2 1,549,850 579,237 1,827,890 0.0347 0.0339 0.0312

SC Aug 3 1,525,004 570,235 1,806,279 0.0342 0.0333 0.0308

SC Aug 4 1,545,884 575,793 1,820,358 0.0346 0.0337 0.0310

SC Aug 5 1,624,700 601,188 1,883,030 0.0364 0.0351 0.0321

SC Aug 6 1,690,450 623,077 1,925,134 0.0379 0.0364 0.0328

SC Aug 7 1,723,400 650,536 2,013,158 0.0386 0.0380 0.0343

SC Aug 8 1,814,519 684,468 2,197,919 0.0406 0.0400 0.0375

SC Aug 9 1,906,415 742,701 2,474,234 0.0427 0.0434 0.0422

SC Aug 10 1,980,397 776,292 2,713,602 0.0444 0.0454 0.0463

SC Aug 11 2,032,443 786,958 2,847,333 0.0455 0.0460 0.0486

H-36

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 166 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix H

Average 2000-2004 State Level Monthly-Diurnal Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Hour [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Average Values [2000-2004]

Calculated Ratios

SC Aug 12 2,052,610 802,943 2,924,493 0.0460 0.0469 0.0499

SC Aug 13 2,056,243 814,991 2,990,621 0.0461 0.0476 0.0510

SC Aug 14 2,063,580 821,035 3,064,772 0.0462 0.0480 0.0523

SC Aug 15 2,069,925 820,542 3,065,071 0.0464 0.0480 0.0523

SC Aug 16 2,063,212 816,753 3,024,907 0.0462 0.0477 0.0516

SC Aug 17 2,052,183 799,002 2,966,453 0.0460 0.0467 0.0506

SC Aug 18 2,029,780 779,424 2,877,464 0.0455 0.0456 0.0491

SC Aug 19 2,026,175 773,835 2,859,409 0.0454 0.0452 0.0488

SC Aug 20 2,020,544 769,733 2,798,475 0.0453 0.0450 0.0477

SC Aug 21 1,956,666 743,184 2,558,532 0.0438 0.0434 0.0436

SC Aug 22 1,863,302 700,535 2,201,837 0.0417 0.0409 0.0375

SC Aug 23 1,735,189 654,070 2,012,343 0.0389 0.0382 0.0343

SC Sep 0 1,433,481 529,517 1,641,405 0.0355 0.0342 0.0322

SC Sep 1 1,389,388 511,584 1,593,230 0.0345 0.0330 0.0313

SC Sep 2 1,359,473 502,039 1,572,801 0.0337 0.0324 0.0309

SC Sep 3 1,348,909 500,153 1,562,637 0.0335 0.0323 0.0307

SC Sep 4 1,380,888 510,443 1,593,344 0.0342 0.0330 0.0313

SC Sep 5 1,492,551 550,177 1,702,039 0.0370 0.0355 0.0334

SC Sep 6 1,579,565 590,679 1,812,898 0.0392 0.0382 0.0356

SC Sep 7 1,593,015 604,185 1,865,786 0.0395 0.0390 0.0366

SC Sep 8 1,677,248 638,007 1,960,842 0.0416 0.0412 0.0385

SC Sep 9 1,746,822 679,229 2,095,183 0.0433 0.0439 0.0411

SC Sep 10 1,806,770 703,403 2,249,399 0.0448 0.0454 0.0441

SC Sep 11 1,847,957 722,659 2,412,048 0.0458 0.0467 0.0473

SC Sep 12 1,866,568 732,681 2,543,527 0.0463 0.0473 0.0499

SC Sep 13 1,871,396 737,879 2,614,316 0.0464 0.0477 0.0513

SC Sep 14 1,875,795 743,721 2,648,594 0.0465 0.0480 0.0520

SC Sep 15 1,881,431 748,017 2,675,173 0.0467 0.0483 0.0525

SC Sep 16 1,885,700 750,387 2,653,661 0.0468 0.0485 0.0521

SC Sep 17 1,870,019 736,902 2,605,312 0.0464 0.0476 0.0511

SC Sep 18 1,861,590 728,943 2,528,650 0.0462 0.0471 0.0496

SC Sep 19 1,868,290 725,154 2,512,852 0.0463 0.0468 0.0493

SC Sep 20 1,835,112 702,531 2,382,740 0.0455 0.0454 0.0467

SC Sep 21 1,740,640 664,927 2,132,217 0.0432 0.0430 0.0418

SC Sep 22 1,614,198 610,261 1,897,061 0.0400 0.0394 0.0372

SC Sep 23 1,496,236 557,588 1,722,445 0.0371 0.0360 0.0338

SC Oct 0 1,584,045 572,629 1,614,079 0.0372 0.0356 0.0336

SC Oct 1 1,563,179 560,778 1,593,106 0.0367 0.0348 0.0331

SC Oct 2 1,552,024 555,435 1,585,690 0.0365 0.0345 0.0330

SC Oct 3 1,563,378 558,152 1,592,294 0.0367 0.0347 0.0331

SC Oct 4 1,622,994 580,487 1,649,210 0.0381 0.0361 0.0343

SC Oct 5 1,736,202 627,877 1,768,874 0.0408 0.0390 0.0368

SC Oct 6 1,825,628 676,786 1,886,492 0.0429 0.0420 0.0392

SC Oct 7 1,821,919 686,702 1,951,542 0.0428 0.0426 0.0406

SC Oct 8 1,847,515 700,465 2,011,122 0.0434 0.0435 0.0418

SC Oct 9 1,859,064 707,811 2,060,220 0.0437 0.0440 0.0428

SC Oct 10 1,856,435 713,978 2,110,551 0.0436 0.0443 0.0439

SC Oct 11 1,856,542 718,014 2,185,946 0.0436 0.0446 0.0455

SC Oct 12 1,860,690 724,268 2,260,835 0.0437 0.0450 0.0470

SC Oct 13 1,852,592 726,262 2,313,236 0.0435 0.0451 0.0481

SC Oct 14 1,850,542 731,678 2,351,017 0.0435 0.0454 0.0489

SC Oct 15 1,849,413 726,668 2,355,006 0.0435 0.0451 0.0490

SC Oct 16 1,852,257 727,366 2,351,463 0.0435 0.0452 0.0489

H-37

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 167 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix H

Average 2000-2004 State Level Monthly-Diurnal Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Hour [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Average Values [2000-2004]

Calculated Ratios

SC Oct 17 1,856,069 722,520 2,320,623 0.0436 0.0449 0.0483

SC Oct 18 1,877,238 724,131 2,326,335 0.0441 0.0450 0.0484

SC Oct 19 1,866,808 719,859 2,264,805 0.0439 0.0447 0.0471

SC Oct 20 1,846,455 709,888 2,120,661 0.0434 0.0441 0.0441

SC Oct 21 1,808,760 687,389 1,949,504 0.0425 0.0427 0.0405

SC Oct 22 1,719,502 642,997 1,780,385 0.0404 0.0399 0.0370

SC Oct 23 1,631,545 599,680 1,684,084 0.0383 0.0372 0.0350

SC Nov 0 1,634,166 594,383 1,624,338 0.0388 0.0380 0.0363

SC Nov 1 1,610,839 582,397 1,581,038 0.0382 0.0372 0.0353

SC Nov 2 1,596,014 575,703 1,568,622 0.0379 0.0368 0.0350

SC Nov 3 1,593,761 576,837 1,571,912 0.0378 0.0369 0.0351

SC Nov 4 1,617,385 588,331 1,616,640 0.0384 0.0376 0.0361

SC Nov 5 1,680,281 616,701 1,740,703 0.0399 0.0394 0.0389

SC Nov 6 1,776,053 662,254 1,965,145 0.0422 0.0423 0.0439

SC Nov 7 1,827,927 691,215 2,079,637 0.0434 0.0442 0.0465

SC Nov 8 1,827,180 687,112 2,072,905 0.0434 0.0439 0.0463

SC Nov 9 1,844,213 692,367 1,998,167 0.0438 0.0442 0.0446

SC Nov 10 1,835,738 684,115 1,937,503 0.0436 0.0437 0.0433

SC Nov 11 1,821,015 673,682 1,913,900 0.0432 0.0430 0.0428

SC Nov 12 1,798,370 667,312 1,914,041 0.0427 0.0426 0.0428

SC Nov 13 1,777,001 660,714 1,895,154 0.0422 0.0422 0.0423

SC Nov 14 1,759,967 658,086 1,914,232 0.0418 0.0421 0.0428

SC Nov 15 1,747,486 655,088 1,914,966 0.0415 0.0419 0.0428

SC Nov 16 1,755,083 656,719 1,932,851 0.0417 0.0420 0.0432

SC Nov 17 1,810,800 678,076 1,991,746 0.0430 0.0433 0.0445

SC Nov 18 1,863,271 701,664 2,081,308 0.0442 0.0448 0.0465

SC Nov 19 1,852,579 697,417 2,055,872 0.0440 0.0446 0.0459

SC Nov 20 1,830,891 688,044 1,988,740 0.0435 0.0440 0.0444

SC Nov 21 1,807,895 678,467 1,926,918 0.0429 0.0434 0.0430

SC Nov 22 1,772,932 660,130 1,801,442 0.0421 0.0422 0.0402

SC Nov 23 1,689,054 622,763 1,674,656 0.0401 0.0398 0.0374

SC Dec 0 1,790,705 674,127 1,908,284 0.0401 0.0395 0.0375

SC Dec 1 1,760,847 659,279 1,877,399 0.0395 0.0386 0.0369

SC Dec 2 1,766,498 660,719 1,890,957 0.0396 0.0387 0.0372

SC Dec 3 1,766,455 664,407 1,922,535 0.0396 0.0389 0.0378

SC Dec 4 1,788,023 677,882 2,005,041 0.0401 0.0397 0.0394

SC Dec 5 1,839,136 708,796 2,193,779 0.0412 0.0415 0.0431

SC Dec 6 1,903,431 736,781 2,379,535 0.0427 0.0432 0.0468

SC Dec 7 1,957,422 760,608 2,504,498 0.0439 0.0446 0.0492

SC Dec 8 1,958,923 768,669 2,515,860 0.0439 0.0450 0.0494

SC Dec 9 1,974,624 767,392 2,419,052 0.0443 0.0450 0.0475

SC Dec 10 1,944,825 751,207 2,264,252 0.0436 0.0440 0.0445

SC Dec 11 1,888,552 723,857 2,140,166 0.0423 0.0424 0.0421

SC Dec 12 1,833,408 694,261 2,022,036 0.0411 0.0407 0.0397

SC Dec 13 1,781,162 673,316 1,936,841 0.0399 0.0395 0.0381

SC Dec 14 1,755,403 663,791 1,911,001 0.0393 0.0389 0.0376

SC Dec 15 1,743,443 660,042 1,897,088 0.0391 0.0387 0.0373

SC Dec 16 1,775,717 669,264 1,937,000 0.0398 0.0392 0.0381

SC Dec 17 1,877,548 713,920 2,099,275 0.0421 0.0418 0.0413

SC Dec 18 1,948,165 753,627 2,255,923 0.0437 0.0442 0.0443

SC Dec 19 1,940,185 753,123 2,258,417 0.0435 0.0441 0.0444

SC Dec 20 1,941,859 750,942 2,221,568 0.0435 0.0440 0.0437

SC Dec 21 1,930,605 743,880 2,182,689 0.0433 0.0436 0.0429

H-38

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 168 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix H

Average 2000-2004 State Level Monthly-Diurnal Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Hour [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Average Values [2000-2004]

Calculated Ratios

SC Dec 22 1,909,077 732,480 2,140,416 0.0428 0.0429 0.0421

SC Dec 23 1,841,457 702,464 2,003,560 0.0413 0.0412 0.0394

TN Jan 0 2,920,730 1,316,670 2,817,787 0.0408 0.0406 0.0399

TN Jan 1 2,905,383 1,309,968 2,787,169 0.0406 0.0404 0.0395

TN Jan 2 2,896,852 1,315,743 2,779,735 0.0405 0.0405 0.0394

TN Jan 3 2,903,214 1,311,102 2,795,456 0.0405 0.0404 0.0396

TN Jan 4 2,942,126 1,324,196 2,817,908 0.0411 0.0408 0.0399

TN Jan 5 2,996,259 1,367,394 2,947,753 0.0418 0.0421 0.0418

TN Jan 6 3,012,850 1,387,044 3,096,095 0.0421 0.0427 0.0439

TN Jan 7 2,990,321 1,386,216 3,127,023 0.0418 0.0427 0.0443

TN Jan 8 3,017,898 1,385,708 3,089,071 0.0421 0.0427 0.0438

TN Jan 9 3,024,338 1,380,461 3,016,715 0.0422 0.0425 0.0428

TN Jan 10 3,015,220 1,377,561 2,955,646 0.0421 0.0424 0.0419

TN Jan 11 2,997,070 1,360,861 2,908,329 0.0419 0.0419 0.0412

TN Jan 12 2,980,028 1,337,986 2,842,003 0.0416 0.0412 0.0403

TN Jan 13 2,963,100 1,326,028 2,807,869 0.0414 0.0408 0.0398

TN Jan 14 2,941,105 1,324,684 2,798,369 0.0411 0.0408 0.0397

TN Jan 15 2,954,133 1,330,977 2,803,884 0.0413 0.0410 0.0397

TN Jan 16 2,995,673 1,341,978 2,875,433 0.0418 0.0413 0.0408

TN Jan 17 3,039,411 1,375,915 3,031,799 0.0424 0.0424 0.0430

TN Jan 18 3,053,103 1,390,734 3,145,028 0.0426 0.0428 0.0446

TN Jan 19 3,047,225 1,383,178 3,101,091 0.0426 0.0426 0.0440

TN Jan 20 3,042,230 1,375,234 3,059,203 0.0425 0.0424 0.0434

TN Jan 21 3,028,915 1,367,629 3,027,200 0.0423 0.0421 0.0429

TN Jan 22 2,988,540 1,351,866 2,980,122 0.0417 0.0416 0.0422

TN Jan 23 2,952,443 1,334,516 2,933,297 0.0412 0.0411 0.0416

TN Feb 0 2,574,224 1,151,313 2,217,245 0.0406 0.0404 0.0384

TN Feb 1 2,557,366 1,145,383 2,206,566 0.0403 0.0402 0.0382

TN Feb 2 2,551,600 1,144,234 2,207,289 0.0402 0.0401 0.0382

TN Feb 3 2,559,011 1,148,687 2,216,546 0.0403 0.0403 0.0383

TN Feb 4 2,591,672 1,162,344 2,248,486 0.0408 0.0408 0.0389

TN Feb 5 2,651,923 1,189,079 2,344,707 0.0418 0.0417 0.0406

TN Feb 6 2,680,511 1,223,915 2,551,773 0.0422 0.0429 0.0441

TN Feb 7 2,650,988 1,211,667 2,578,810 0.0418 0.0425 0.0446

TN Feb 8 2,679,949 1,217,896 2,576,993 0.0422 0.0427 0.0446

TN Feb 9 2,683,101 1,211,581 2,564,322 0.0423 0.0425 0.0444

TN Feb 10 2,673,675 1,206,579 2,544,375 0.0421 0.0423 0.0440

TN Feb 11 2,664,060 1,202,952 2,520,062 0.0420 0.0422 0.0436

TN Feb 12 2,653,417 1,190,479 2,460,839 0.0418 0.0417 0.0426

TN Feb 13 2,639,218 1,180,516 2,413,891 0.0416 0.0414 0.0418

TN Feb 14 2,628,210 1,177,559 2,384,980 0.0414 0.0413 0.0413

TN Feb 15 2,628,281 1,178,523 2,372,935 0.0414 0.0413 0.0410

TN Feb 16 2,651,670 1,186,017 2,397,712 0.0418 0.0416 0.0415

TN Feb 17 2,685,519 1,202,328 2,475,913 0.0423 0.0422 0.0428

TN Feb 18 2,698,565 1,217,822 2,570,199 0.0425 0.0427 0.0445

TN Feb 19 2,701,659 1,216,684 2,552,752 0.0426 0.0427 0.0442

TN Feb 20 2,704,139 1,212,103 2,497,266 0.0426 0.0425 0.0432

TN Feb 21 2,690,620 1,196,275 2,377,774 0.0424 0.0419 0.0411

TN Feb 22 2,646,491 1,178,261 2,285,972 0.0417 0.0413 0.0395

TN Feb 23 2,601,231 1,164,774 2,240,497 0.0410 0.0408 0.0388

TN Mar 0 2,863,192 1,262,633 2,526,716 0.0407 0.0410 0.0401

TN Mar 1 2,837,249 1,251,145 2,507,599 0.0404 0.0406 0.0398

TN Mar 2 2,823,322 1,249,157 2,496,297 0.0402 0.0406 0.0396

H-39

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 169 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix H

Average 2000-2004 State Level Monthly-Diurnal Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Hour [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Average Values [2000-2004]

Calculated Ratios

TN Mar 3 2,828,541 1,248,522 2,501,230 0.0402 0.0406 0.0397

TN Mar 4 2,869,746 1,260,202 2,544,223 0.0408 0.0409 0.0404

TN Mar 5 2,928,552 1,284,292 2,623,597 0.0417 0.0417 0.0417

TN Mar 6 2,953,220 1,306,974 2,753,518 0.0420 0.0424 0.0437

TN Mar 7 2,923,573 1,299,658 2,758,224 0.0416 0.0422 0.0438

TN Mar 8 2,957,454 1,304,343 2,741,578 0.0421 0.0424 0.0435

TN Mar 9 2,963,917 1,299,364 2,741,377 0.0422 0.0422 0.0435

TN Mar 10 2,968,817 1,300,732 2,714,868 0.0422 0.0422 0.0431

TN Mar 11 2,964,270 1,296,993 2,676,089 0.0422 0.0421 0.0425

TN Mar 12 2,950,743 1,287,801 2,649,580 0.0420 0.0418 0.0421

TN Mar 13 2,941,859 1,279,364 2,612,823 0.0419 0.0416 0.0415

TN Mar 14 2,930,183 1,277,018 2,593,250 0.0417 0.0415 0.0412

TN Mar 15 2,932,723 1,281,825 2,599,888 0.0417 0.0416 0.0413

TN Mar 16 2,943,762 1,284,331 2,636,583 0.0419 0.0417 0.0419

TN Mar 17 2,957,894 1,290,928 2,647,950 0.0421 0.0419 0.0420

TN Mar 18 2,993,900 1,301,854 2,674,917 0.0426 0.0423 0.0425

TN Mar 19 2,994,829 1,298,907 2,650,295 0.0426 0.0422 0.0421

TN Mar 20 2,989,464 1,292,354 2,613,530 0.0425 0.0420 0.0415

TN Mar 21 2,969,883 1,292,277 2,616,515 0.0423 0.0420 0.0415

TN Mar 22 2,916,682 1,274,315 2,562,055 0.0415 0.0414 0.0407

TN Mar 23 2,881,256 1,264,335 2,535,423 0.0410 0.0411 0.0403

TN Apr 0 2,625,217 1,172,033 2,299,120 0.0391 0.0397 0.0369

TN Apr 1 2,578,697 1,159,617 2,271,067 0.0384 0.0393 0.0365

TN Apr 2 2,574,083 1,158,195 2,265,690 0.0384 0.0392 0.0364

TN Apr 3 2,624,825 1,173,118 2,297,404 0.0391 0.0397 0.0369

TN Apr 4 2,720,941 1,202,595 2,359,428 0.0405 0.0407 0.0379

TN Apr 5 2,788,626 1,226,813 2,427,784 0.0415 0.0415 0.0390

TN Apr 6 2,788,759 1,227,899 2,474,661 0.0416 0.0416 0.0397

TN Apr 7 2,818,389 1,238,747 2,527,803 0.0420 0.0419 0.0406

TN Apr 8 2,849,956 1,246,791 2,586,541 0.0425 0.0422 0.0415

TN Apr 9 2,867,309 1,254,034 2,663,316 0.0427 0.0424 0.0428

TN Apr 10 2,867,472 1,253,711 2,698,362 0.0427 0.0424 0.0433

TN Apr 11 2,863,549 1,249,645 2,741,716 0.0427 0.0423 0.0440

TN Apr 12 2,867,333 1,252,766 2,759,701 0.0427 0.0424 0.0443

TN Apr 13 2,858,513 1,254,263 2,807,480 0.0426 0.0425 0.0451

TN Apr 14 2,856,845 1,260,763 2,853,766 0.0426 0.0427 0.0458

TN Apr 15 2,864,303 1,261,551 2,879,269 0.0427 0.0427 0.0462

TN Apr 16 2,868,405 1,267,334 2,886,568 0.0427 0.0429 0.0464

TN Apr 17 2,861,870 1,261,902 2,846,282 0.0426 0.0427 0.0457

TN Apr 18 2,880,421 1,265,115 2,844,539 0.0429 0.0428 0.0457

TN Apr 19 2,900,870 1,265,814 2,820,568 0.0432 0.0428 0.0453

TN Apr 20 2,880,610 1,256,356 2,697,267 0.0429 0.0425 0.0433

TN Apr 21 2,835,442 1,237,363 2,502,602 0.0422 0.0419 0.0402

TN Apr 22 2,769,167 1,209,273 2,405,900 0.0413 0.0409 0.0386

TN Apr 23 2,703,503 1,188,450 2,347,113 0.0403 0.0402 0.0377

TN May 0 2,631,555 1,160,164 2,615,593 0.0389 0.0384 0.0354

TN May 1 2,574,254 1,143,565 2,581,271 0.0381 0.0378 0.0349

TN May 2 2,548,784 1,137,709 2,564,942 0.0377 0.0376 0.0347

TN May 3 2,577,452 1,147,024 2,583,630 0.0381 0.0379 0.0349

TN May 4 2,663,387 1,172,451 2,638,991 0.0394 0.0388 0.0357

TN May 5 2,728,230 1,195,582 2,693,617 0.0404 0.0395 0.0364

TN May 6 2,740,909 1,207,176 2,733,403 0.0405 0.0399 0.0370

TN May 7 2,813,279 1,224,967 2,802,616 0.0416 0.0405 0.0379

H-40

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 170 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix H

Average 2000-2004 State Level Monthly-Diurnal Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Hour [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Average Values [2000-2004]

Calculated Ratios

TN May 8 2,866,414 1,259,872 2,956,049 0.0424 0.0417 0.0400

TN May 9 2,897,754 1,290,113 3,148,346 0.0429 0.0427 0.0426

TN May 10 2,904,984 1,300,993 3,325,062 0.0430 0.0430 0.0450

TN May 11 2,909,001 1,312,403 3,428,253 0.0430 0.0434 0.0464

TN May 12 2,919,046 1,348,697 3,527,999 0.0432 0.0446 0.0477

TN May 13 2,937,062 1,358,846 3,575,834 0.0434 0.0449 0.0484

TN May 14 2,941,896 1,351,649 3,567,107 0.0435 0.0447 0.0483

TN May 15 2,942,890 1,349,174 3,547,924 0.0435 0.0446 0.0480

TN May 16 2,937,367 1,352,944 3,547,779 0.0434 0.0447 0.0480

TN May 17 2,930,449 1,327,585 3,484,890 0.0433 0.0439 0.0471

TN May 18 2,925,523 1,313,653 3,400,207 0.0433 0.0434 0.0460

TN May 19 2,944,354 1,341,489 3,438,419 0.0436 0.0444 0.0465

TN May 20 2,922,881 1,309,977 3,282,625 0.0432 0.0433 0.0444

TN May 21 2,856,276 1,253,934 3,031,131 0.0422 0.0415 0.0410

TN May 22 2,784,018 1,203,191 2,779,087 0.0412 0.0398 0.0376

TN May 23 2,707,081 1,176,836 2,669,865 0.0400 0.0389 0.0361

TN Jun 0 2,531,287 1,069,631 2,469,862 0.0389 0.0388 0.0353

TN Jun 1 2,443,469 1,043,386 2,397,826 0.0376 0.0378 0.0343

TN Jun 2 2,397,437 1,027,933 2,357,153 0.0369 0.0373 0.0337

TN Jun 3 2,396,925 1,025,848 2,357,414 0.0369 0.0372 0.0337

TN Jun 4 2,445,340 1,040,336 2,396,349 0.0376 0.0377 0.0342

TN Jun 5 2,482,825 1,053,426 2,436,201 0.0382 0.0382 0.0348

TN Jun 6 2,521,704 1,060,823 2,495,153 0.0388 0.0385 0.0357

TN Jun 7 2,635,894 1,101,150 2,593,679 0.0406 0.0399 0.0371

TN Jun 8 2,732,826 1,140,529 2,779,909 0.0420 0.0414 0.0397

TN Jun 9 2,800,274 1,162,971 2,984,580 0.0431 0.0422 0.0426

TN Jun 10 2,836,621 1,177,750 3,089,931 0.0436 0.0427 0.0442

TN Jun 11 2,849,870 1,210,074 3,219,989 0.0438 0.0439 0.0460

TN Jun 12 2,855,389 1,228,430 3,356,100 0.0439 0.0446 0.0480

TN Jun 13 2,866,373 1,247,300 3,439,845 0.0441 0.0452 0.0492

TN Jun 14 2,878,041 1,264,423 3,509,291 0.0443 0.0459 0.0501

TN Jun 15 2,881,635 1,267,266 3,520,666 0.0443 0.0460 0.0503

TN Jun 16 2,882,816 1,264,887 3,500,832 0.0444 0.0459 0.0500

TN Jun 17 2,869,204 1,246,990 3,480,150 0.0441 0.0452 0.0497

TN Jun 18 2,854,483 1,211,944 3,339,200 0.0439 0.0440 0.0477

TN Jun 19 2,864,838 1,207,185 3,253,969 0.0441 0.0438 0.0465

TN Jun 20 2,849,824 1,180,223 3,078,778 0.0438 0.0428 0.0440

TN Jun 21 2,789,397 1,137,460 2,774,259 0.0429 0.0413 0.0396

TN Jun 22 2,703,450 1,112,048 2,618,597 0.0416 0.0403 0.0374

TN Jun 23 2,625,264 1,088,507 2,533,520 0.0404 0.0395 0.0362

TN Jul 0 2,723,708 1,110,322 2,630,084 0.0394 0.0390 0.0348

TN Jul 1 2,624,427 1,086,640 2,553,484 0.0380 0.0382 0.0338

TN Jul 2 2,565,432 1,071,490 2,508,515 0.0371 0.0376 0.0332

TN Jul 3 2,558,337 1,065,857 2,500,314 0.0370 0.0374 0.0331

TN Jul 4 2,590,626 1,074,783 2,530,485 0.0375 0.0377 0.0335

TN Jul 5 2,613,348 1,095,830 2,605,724 0.0378 0.0385 0.0345

TN Jul 6 2,663,132 1,112,119 2,717,291 0.0385 0.0391 0.0359

TN Jul 7 2,792,800 1,160,549 2,861,812 0.0404 0.0408 0.0378

TN Jul 8 2,901,848 1,192,854 2,992,444 0.0420 0.0419 0.0396

TN Jul 9 2,986,710 1,215,248 3,154,026 0.0432 0.0427 0.0417

TN Jul 10 3,019,673 1,238,587 3,388,925 0.0437 0.0435 0.0448

TN Jul 11 3,030,857 1,258,066 3,546,524 0.0439 0.0442 0.0469

TN Jul 12 3,033,672 1,269,558 3,660,236 0.0439 0.0446 0.0484

H-41

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 171 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix H

Average 2000-2004 State Level Monthly-Diurnal Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Hour [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Average Values [2000-2004]

Calculated Ratios

TN Jul 13 3,035,795 1,283,130 3,724,626 0.0439 0.0451 0.0492

TN Jul 14 3,049,375 1,271,091 3,739,835 0.0441 0.0446 0.0495

TN Jul 15 3,054,282 1,283,295 3,762,381 0.0442 0.0451 0.0497

TN Jul 16 3,051,969 1,267,330 3,729,801 0.0442 0.0445 0.0493

TN Jul 17 3,047,008 1,253,508 3,688,802 0.0441 0.0440 0.0488

TN Jul 18 3,032,675 1,244,605 3,616,111 0.0439 0.0437 0.0478

TN Jul 19 3,038,425 1,223,429 3,570,939 0.0440 0.0430 0.0472

TN Jul 20 3,019,713 1,214,702 3,458,750 0.0437 0.0427 0.0457

TN Jul 21 2,966,264 1,187,856 3,145,381 0.0429 0.0417 0.0416

TN Jul 22 2,887,611 1,156,287 2,829,045 0.0418 0.0406 0.0374

TN Jul 23 2,827,578 1,135,334 2,712,072 0.0409 0.0399 0.0359

TN Aug 0 2,704,871 1,102,508 2,637,888 0.0397 0.0395 0.0349

TN Aug 1 2,610,282 1,079,338 2,571,826 0.0383 0.0386 0.0341

TN Aug 2 2,545,750 1,061,310 2,520,123 0.0373 0.0380 0.0334

TN Aug 3 2,546,295 1,059,227 2,516,465 0.0373 0.0379 0.0333

TN Aug 4 2,611,452 1,075,701 2,573,329 0.0383 0.0385 0.0341

TN Aug 5 2,657,809 1,100,407 2,684,810 0.0390 0.0394 0.0356

TN Aug 6 2,663,412 1,101,584 2,720,984 0.0391 0.0394 0.0360

TN Aug 7 2,762,946 1,132,309 2,801,321 0.0405 0.0405 0.0371

TN Aug 8 2,842,089 1,151,929 2,910,709 0.0417 0.0412 0.0386

TN Aug 9 2,914,392 1,178,167 3,104,027 0.0427 0.0422 0.0411

TN Aug 10 2,951,929 1,198,192 3,378,553 0.0433 0.0429 0.0448

TN Aug 11 2,969,254 1,213,378 3,546,918 0.0435 0.0434 0.0470

TN Aug 12 2,993,434 1,227,359 3,643,276 0.0439 0.0439 0.0483

TN Aug 13 3,001,505 1,250,890 3,720,523 0.0440 0.0448 0.0493

TN Aug 14 3,007,352 1,268,602 3,812,830 0.0441 0.0454 0.0505

TN Aug 15 3,013,955 1,261,537 3,812,731 0.0442 0.0452 0.0505

TN Aug 16 3,003,960 1,233,673 3,706,531 0.0440 0.0442 0.0491

TN Aug 17 2,989,885 1,216,095 3,618,215 0.0438 0.0435 0.0479

TN Aug 18 2,985,473 1,210,229 3,621,920 0.0438 0.0433 0.0480

TN Aug 19 2,996,742 1,206,770 3,563,558 0.0439 0.0432 0.0472

TN Aug 20 2,948,212 1,188,294 3,391,834 0.0432 0.0425 0.0449

TN Aug 21 2,884,880 1,164,179 3,110,539 0.0423 0.0417 0.0412

TN Aug 22 2,823,438 1,137,206 2,829,114 0.0414 0.0407 0.0375

TN Aug 23 2,774,451 1,119,134 2,684,939 0.0407 0.0401 0.0356

TN Sep 0 2,488,084 1,035,716 2,445,041 0.0389 0.0395 0.0367

TN Sep 1 2,423,357 1,016,450 2,397,907 0.0378 0.0388 0.0360

TN Sep 2 2,384,567 1,003,630 2,368,491 0.0372 0.0383 0.0355

TN Sep 3 2,403,840 1,005,862 2,378,308 0.0375 0.0384 0.0357

TN Sep 4 2,488,355 1,035,930 2,444,261 0.0389 0.0395 0.0367

TN Sep 5 2,577,024 1,062,376 2,505,657 0.0402 0.0405 0.0376

TN Sep 6 2,557,078 1,057,122 2,504,384 0.0399 0.0403 0.0376

TN Sep 7 2,614,651 1,073,584 2,575,635 0.0408 0.0409 0.0386

TN Sep 8 2,685,130 1,087,661 2,645,223 0.0419 0.0415 0.0397

TN Sep 9 2,732,166 1,103,190 2,737,383 0.0427 0.0421 0.0411

TN Sep 10 2,762,113 1,117,353 2,842,572 0.0431 0.0426 0.0426

TN Sep 11 2,782,370 1,127,506 2,980,048 0.0435 0.0430 0.0447

TN Sep 12 2,800,262 1,134,332 3,067,131 0.0437 0.0433 0.0460

TN Sep 13 2,814,052 1,148,125 3,174,079 0.0440 0.0438 0.0476

TN Sep 14 2,821,888 1,145,774 3,240,123 0.0441 0.0437 0.0486

TN Sep 15 2,821,754 1,158,303 3,275,168 0.0441 0.0442 0.0491

TN Sep 16 2,813,655 1,150,036 3,261,138 0.0439 0.0439 0.0489

TN Sep 17 2,802,747 1,142,894 3,184,333 0.0438 0.0436 0.0478

H-42

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 172 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix H

Average 2000-2004 State Level Monthly-Diurnal Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Hour [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Average Values [2000-2004]

Calculated Ratios

TN Sep 18 2,834,387 1,156,020 3,163,428 0.0443 0.0441 0.0475

TN Sep 19 2,822,964 1,138,348 3,033,651 0.0441 0.0434 0.0455

TN Sep 20 2,763,242 1,114,604 2,792,921 0.0432 0.0425 0.0419

TN Sep 21 2,677,231 1,087,394 2,604,748 0.0418 0.0415 0.0391

TN Sep 22 2,606,449 1,068,943 2,541,266 0.0407 0.0408 0.0381

TN Sep 23 2,550,642 1,052,066 2,494,745 0.0398 0.0401 0.0374

TN Oct 0 2,648,670 1,199,661 2,430,822 0.0394 0.0396 0.0382

TN Oct 1 2,606,559 1,184,587 2,386,665 0.0388 0.0391 0.0375

TN Oct 2 2,587,766 1,179,838 2,376,278 0.0385 0.0389 0.0374

TN Oct 3 2,629,687 1,190,681 2,401,778 0.0391 0.0393 0.0378

TN Oct 4 2,733,080 1,226,766 2,494,082 0.0407 0.0405 0.0392

TN Oct 5 2,816,578 1,262,228 2,583,919 0.0419 0.0417 0.0406

TN Oct 6 2,776,422 1,257,264 2,582,838 0.0413 0.0415 0.0406

TN Oct 7 2,808,840 1,268,614 2,596,248 0.0418 0.0419 0.0408

TN Oct 8 2,849,356 1,276,976 2,636,870 0.0424 0.0421 0.0415

TN Oct 9 2,864,222 1,282,922 2,695,881 0.0426 0.0423 0.0424

TN Oct 10 2,870,140 1,285,628 2,715,317 0.0427 0.0424 0.0427

TN Oct 11 2,863,848 1,285,491 2,766,329 0.0426 0.0424 0.0435

TN Oct 12 2,863,927 1,289,405 2,798,583 0.0426 0.0426 0.0440

TN Oct 13 2,860,159 1,288,937 2,845,583 0.0426 0.0425 0.0447

TN Oct 14 2,865,749 1,292,539 2,859,716 0.0426 0.0427 0.0450

TN Oct 15 2,872,462 1,293,765 2,868,969 0.0427 0.0427 0.0451

TN Oct 16 2,874,892 1,299,907 2,845,788 0.0428 0.0429 0.0447

TN Oct 17 2,903,047 1,304,194 2,829,086 0.0432 0.0430 0.0445

TN Oct 18 2,910,031 1,305,793 2,869,447 0.0433 0.0431 0.0451

TN Oct 19 2,881,997 1,298,066 2,793,512 0.0429 0.0428 0.0439

TN Oct 20 2,855,000 1,287,168 2,657,664 0.0425 0.0425 0.0418

TN Oct 21 2,808,338 1,270,931 2,575,916 0.0418 0.0419 0.0405

TN Oct 22 2,749,485 1,243,810 2,508,375 0.0409 0.0410 0.0394

TN Oct 23 2,707,486 1,226,915 2,480,437 0.0403 0.0405 0.0390

TN Nov 0 2,604,100 1,223,715 2,414,220 0.0405 0.0408 0.0396

TN Nov 1 2,578,310 1,211,595 2,389,128 0.0401 0.0404 0.0392

TN Nov 2 2,557,600 1,200,125 2,361,621 0.0397 0.0400 0.0388

TN Nov 3 2,568,661 1,204,600 2,366,562 0.0399 0.0401 0.0388

TN Nov 4 2,623,612 1,217,848 2,407,952 0.0408 0.0406 0.0395

TN Nov 5 2,687,151 1,248,059 2,523,039 0.0418 0.0416 0.0414

TN Nov 6 2,704,525 1,266,926 2,645,725 0.0420 0.0422 0.0434

TN Nov 7 2,670,826 1,255,243 2,629,014 0.0415 0.0418 0.0431

TN Nov 8 2,713,597 1,266,947 2,610,660 0.0422 0.0422 0.0428

TN Nov 9 2,720,609 1,262,270 2,566,911 0.0423 0.0420 0.0421

TN Nov 10 2,715,670 1,256,873 2,548,418 0.0422 0.0419 0.0418

TN Nov 11 2,712,072 1,260,680 2,561,064 0.0421 0.0420 0.0420

TN Nov 12 2,702,597 1,253,317 2,537,363 0.0420 0.0417 0.0416

TN Nov 13 2,695,535 1,252,529 2,535,453 0.0419 0.0417 0.0416

TN Nov 14 2,680,817 1,247,847 2,507,614 0.0417 0.0416 0.0412

TN Nov 15 2,687,063 1,252,224 2,534,862 0.0418 0.0417 0.0416

TN Nov 16 2,734,418 1,270,390 2,592,730 0.0425 0.0423 0.0426

TN Nov 17 2,779,092 1,292,706 2,717,599 0.0432 0.0431 0.0446

TN Nov 18 2,754,809 1,286,552 2,720,184 0.0428 0.0428 0.0446

TN Nov 19 2,737,104 1,278,157 2,665,501 0.0425 0.0426 0.0437

TN Nov 20 2,731,155 1,272,948 2,621,086 0.0424 0.0424 0.0430

TN Nov 21 2,709,698 1,262,720 2,554,839 0.0421 0.0421 0.0419

TN Nov 22 2,657,072 1,245,841 2,479,549 0.0413 0.0415 0.0407

H-43

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 173 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix H

Average 2000-2004 State Level Monthly-Diurnal Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Hour [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Average Values [2000-2004]

Calculated Ratios

TN Nov 23 2,625,041 1,235,042 2,439,622 0.0408 0.0411 0.0400

TN Dec 0 2,663,981 1,289,065 2,507,568 0.0408 0.0408 0.0394

TN Dec 1 2,645,626 1,280,508 2,484,469 0.0405 0.0405 0.0390

TN Dec 2 2,634,110 1,286,252 2,484,816 0.0403 0.0407 0.0390

TN Dec 3 2,645,923 1,281,573 2,494,571 0.0405 0.0405 0.0392

TN Dec 4 2,672,147 1,295,077 2,508,733 0.0409 0.0410 0.0394

TN Dec 5 2,714,654 1,312,960 2,590,503 0.0416 0.0415 0.0407

TN Dec 6 2,739,343 1,333,082 2,753,101 0.0419 0.0422 0.0432

TN Dec 7 2,728,200 1,329,177 2,792,244 0.0418 0.0420 0.0438

TN Dec 8 2,762,203 1,339,330 2,740,797 0.0423 0.0424 0.0430

TN Dec 9 2,765,252 1,332,508 2,673,899 0.0423 0.0422 0.0420

TN Dec 10 2,747,708 1,326,693 2,660,846 0.0421 0.0420 0.0418

TN Dec 11 2,722,929 1,315,400 2,630,674 0.0417 0.0416 0.0413

TN Dec 12 2,706,948 1,303,174 2,606,085 0.0415 0.0412 0.0409

TN Dec 13 2,691,091 1,296,111 2,605,810 0.0412 0.0410 0.0409

TN Dec 14 2,676,333 1,296,782 2,611,653 0.0410 0.0410 0.0410

TN Dec 15 2,692,667 1,297,404 2,630,815 0.0412 0.0410 0.0413

TN Dec 16 2,753,111 1,328,902 2,705,495 0.0422 0.0420 0.0425

TN Dec 17 2,799,414 1,356,867 2,861,533 0.0429 0.0429 0.0449

TN Dec 18 2,797,651 1,360,399 2,894,345 0.0428 0.0430 0.0454

TN Dec 19 2,789,920 1,357,761 2,857,256 0.0427 0.0429 0.0449

TN Dec 20 2,781,081 1,346,472 2,804,239 0.0426 0.0426 0.0440

TN Dec 21 2,761,333 1,329,175 2,664,052 0.0423 0.0420 0.0418

TN Dec 22 2,724,350 1,315,984 2,583,267 0.0417 0.0416 0.0406

TN Dec 23 2,688,453 1,302,560 2,544,592 0.0412 0.0412 0.0400

VA Jan 0 1,870,379 709,902 2,270,410 0.0383 0.0367 0.0371

VA Jan 1 1,831,974 691,688 2,231,241 0.0375 0.0357 0.0365

VA Jan 2 1,827,302 691,721 2,231,915 0.0374 0.0357 0.0365

VA Jan 3 1,837,996 703,311 2,256,183 0.0376 0.0363 0.0369

VA Jan 4 1,866,693 724,798 2,302,253 0.0382 0.0374 0.0376

VA Jan 5 1,945,705 775,203 2,466,811 0.0399 0.0401 0.0403

VA Jan 6 2,062,853 836,803 2,725,271 0.0423 0.0432 0.0445

VA Jan 7 2,140,346 880,948 2,856,575 0.0438 0.0455 0.0467

VA Jan 8 2,159,894 888,955 2,855,767 0.0442 0.0459 0.0467

VA Jan 9 2,163,920 881,331 2,813,527 0.0443 0.0455 0.0460

VA Jan 10 2,153,422 866,893 2,735,486 0.0441 0.0448 0.0447

VA Jan 11 2,119,462 838,567 2,617,860 0.0434 0.0433 0.0428

VA Jan 12 2,078,796 813,172 2,521,855 0.0426 0.0420 0.0412

VA Jan 13 2,047,908 799,858 2,482,400 0.0419 0.0413 0.0406

VA Jan 14 1,997,935 786,336 2,448,434 0.0409 0.0406 0.0400

VA Jan 15 1,977,299 774,786 2,418,877 0.0405 0.0400 0.0395

VA Jan 16 2,013,541 798,569 2,495,827 0.0412 0.0413 0.0408

VA Jan 17 2,124,878 851,772 2,677,806 0.0435 0.0440 0.0438

VA Jan 18 2,164,716 880,522 2,774,355 0.0443 0.0455 0.0453

VA Jan 19 2,163,230 878,862 2,749,837 0.0443 0.0454 0.0449

VA Jan 20 2,146,022 867,355 2,731,130 0.0440 0.0448 0.0446

VA Jan 21 2,115,187 847,165 2,651,884 0.0433 0.0438 0.0433

VA Jan 22 2,042,874 803,242 2,491,078 0.0418 0.0415 0.0407

VA Jan 23 1,967,584 762,909 2,394,744 0.0403 0.0394 0.0391

VA Feb 0 1,599,388 582,578 1,818,400 0.0377 0.0361 0.0363

VA Feb 1 1,561,874 568,444 1,799,278 0.0368 0.0353 0.0359

VA Feb 2 1,541,608 563,050 1,790,993 0.0363 0.0349 0.0358

VA Feb 3 1,557,819 571,057 1,818,631 0.0367 0.0354 0.0363

H-44

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 174 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix H

Average 2000-2004 State Level Monthly-Diurnal Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Hour [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Average Values [2000-2004]

Calculated Ratios

VA Feb 4 1,592,189 595,065 1,867,807 0.0375 0.0369 0.0373

VA Feb 5 1,683,408 645,839 1,998,704 0.0396 0.0401 0.0399

VA Feb 6 1,821,048 705,616 2,234,999 0.0429 0.0438 0.0446

VA Feb 7 1,905,874 747,449 2,377,369 0.0449 0.0464 0.0475

VA Feb 8 1,917,379 753,740 2,394,464 0.0452 0.0468 0.0478

VA Feb 9 1,910,638 746,578 2,316,944 0.0450 0.0463 0.0463

VA Feb 10 1,899,147 732,901 2,244,827 0.0447 0.0455 0.0448

VA Feb 11 1,872,042 718,408 2,198,206 0.0441 0.0446 0.0439

VA Feb 12 1,834,364 698,984 2,134,129 0.0432 0.0434 0.0426

VA Feb 13 1,793,426 677,313 2,084,720 0.0422 0.0420 0.0416

VA Feb 14 1,738,207 654,142 2,013,181 0.0409 0.0406 0.0402

VA Feb 15 1,711,206 641,374 1,995,756 0.0403 0.0398 0.0399

VA Feb 16 1,725,413 647,856 2,006,861 0.0406 0.0402 0.0401

VA Feb 17 1,791,324 677,478 2,110,886 0.0422 0.0420 0.0422

VA Feb 18 1,882,725 726,377 2,265,468 0.0443 0.0451 0.0453

VA Feb 19 1,895,405 735,420 2,280,882 0.0446 0.0456 0.0456

VA Feb 20 1,886,456 725,703 2,235,068 0.0444 0.0450 0.0446

VA Feb 21 1,864,672 711,588 2,160,640 0.0439 0.0441 0.0432

VA Feb 22 1,790,496 672,276 2,023,752 0.0422 0.0417 0.0404

VA Feb 23 1,683,098 621,449 1,887,921 0.0396 0.0385 0.0377

VA Mar 0 1,758,366 650,813 1,958,208 0.0379 0.0370 0.0373

VA Mar 1 1,699,884 625,566 1,912,678 0.0366 0.0355 0.0365

VA Mar 2 1,668,736 612,417 1,871,624 0.0359 0.0348 0.0357

VA Mar 3 1,666,394 615,889 1,869,659 0.0359 0.0350 0.0356

VA Mar 4 1,695,337 631,901 1,911,423 0.0365 0.0359 0.0364

VA Mar 5 1,806,545 688,144 2,080,880 0.0389 0.0391 0.0397

VA Mar 6 1,955,755 748,155 2,284,033 0.0421 0.0425 0.0435

VA Mar 7 2,030,859 782,349 2,391,046 0.0437 0.0444 0.0456

VA Mar 8 2,055,789 790,511 2,395,390 0.0443 0.0449 0.0457

VA Mar 9 2,060,765 790,080 2,362,747 0.0444 0.0449 0.0450

VA Mar 10 2,043,878 782,768 2,314,866 0.0440 0.0445 0.0441

VA Mar 11 2,049,188 786,663 2,318,184 0.0441 0.0447 0.0442

VA Mar 12 2,024,587 774,772 2,279,104 0.0436 0.0440 0.0434

VA Mar 13 1,986,131 754,057 2,214,779 0.0428 0.0428 0.0422

VA Mar 14 1,940,082 733,412 2,140,863 0.0418 0.0416 0.0408

VA Mar 15 1,925,488 723,075 2,112,312 0.0415 0.0411 0.0403

VA Mar 16 1,938,153 726,924 2,136,893 0.0417 0.0413 0.0407

VA Mar 17 1,976,195 745,490 2,206,656 0.0425 0.0423 0.0421

VA Mar 18 2,056,356 783,585 2,355,568 0.0443 0.0445 0.0449

VA Mar 19 2,120,327 817,470 2,443,217 0.0457 0.0464 0.0466

VA Mar 20 2,097,262 808,478 2,384,264 0.0452 0.0459 0.0455

VA Mar 21 2,051,980 788,969 2,291,897 0.0442 0.0448 0.0437

VA Mar 22 1,972,283 750,617 2,161,156 0.0425 0.0426 0.0412

VA Mar 23 1,865,522 697,871 2,059,027 0.0402 0.0396 0.0393

VA Apr 0 1,638,889 577,304 1,834,424 0.0361 0.0340 0.0330

VA Apr 1 1,594,698 559,341 1,802,263 0.0351 0.0329 0.0324

VA Apr 2 1,562,427 555,289 1,788,274 0.0344 0.0327 0.0321

VA Apr 3 1,576,066 563,216 1,802,304 0.0347 0.0332 0.0324

VA Apr 4 1,657,137 600,545 1,934,289 0.0365 0.0354 0.0348

VA Apr 5 1,826,177 677,142 2,168,369 0.0402 0.0399 0.0390

VA Apr 6 1,933,743 726,479 2,356,745 0.0426 0.0428 0.0424

VA Apr 7 1,993,353 748,843 2,477,510 0.0439 0.0441 0.0445

VA Apr 8 2,025,742 763,741 2,517,734 0.0446 0.0450 0.0453

H-45

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 175 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix H

Average 2000-2004 State Level Monthly-Diurnal Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Hour [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Average Values [2000-2004]

Calculated Ratios

VA Apr 9 2,041,423 775,974 2,526,864 0.0449 0.0457 0.0454

VA Apr 10 2,038,005 775,956 2,495,178 0.0449 0.0457 0.0448

VA Apr 11 2,035,891 776,647 2,531,868 0.0448 0.0457 0.0455

VA Apr 12 2,028,858 776,330 2,563,478 0.0447 0.0457 0.0461

VA Apr 13 2,014,909 769,460 2,586,347 0.0443 0.0453 0.0465

VA Apr 14 1,990,455 758,601 2,572,695 0.0438 0.0447 0.0462

VA Apr 15 1,979,220 753,188 2,550,001 0.0436 0.0444 0.0458

VA Apr 16 1,973,384 753,216 2,559,697 0.0434 0.0444 0.0460

VA Apr 17 1,969,120 749,495 2,530,581 0.0433 0.0441 0.0455

VA Apr 18 1,965,055 747,742 2,526,264 0.0433 0.0440 0.0454

VA Apr 19 2,038,650 782,884 2,629,371 0.0449 0.0461 0.0473

VA Apr 20 2,031,218 775,341 2,571,418 0.0447 0.0457 0.0462

VA Apr 21 1,961,332 736,084 2,327,375 0.0432 0.0434 0.0418

VA Apr 22 1,834,270 663,387 2,075,886 0.0404 0.0391 0.0373

VA Apr 23 1,724,616 612,053 1,910,047 0.0380 0.0360 0.0343

VA May 0 1,545,919 654,334 2,088,904 0.0347 0.0323 0.0297

VA May 1 1,461,493 607,067 1,978,313 0.0328 0.0299 0.0282

VA May 2 1,405,092 585,011 1,925,685 0.0316 0.0289 0.0274

VA May 3 1,408,183 590,009 1,939,362 0.0316 0.0291 0.0276

VA May 4 1,502,013 633,614 2,066,155 0.0337 0.0312 0.0294

VA May 5 1,681,946 723,721 2,309,172 0.0378 0.0357 0.0329

VA May 6 1,818,634 788,660 2,548,153 0.0409 0.0389 0.0363

VA May 7 1,898,757 830,139 2,738,723 0.0427 0.0409 0.0390

VA May 8 1,965,350 861,379 2,942,454 0.0442 0.0425 0.0419

VA May 9 2,017,153 891,212 3,177,740 0.0453 0.0440 0.0452

VA May 10 2,027,359 899,446 3,310,099 0.0455 0.0444 0.0471

VA May 11 2,047,161 908,927 3,397,209 0.0460 0.0448 0.0483

VA May 12 2,056,265 918,265 3,452,711 0.0462 0.0453 0.0491

VA May 13 2,051,908 930,715 3,519,202 0.0461 0.0459 0.0501

VA May 14 2,045,504 980,043 3,570,203 0.0460 0.0483 0.0508

VA May 15 2,055,001 1,017,045 3,652,560 0.0462 0.0502 0.0520

VA May 16 2,052,028 1,032,844 3,671,994 0.0461 0.0509 0.0523

VA May 17 2,035,819 1,028,615 3,633,407 0.0457 0.0507 0.0517

VA May 18 2,003,778 989,684 3,506,801 0.0450 0.0488 0.0499

VA May 19 2,024,818 983,499 3,488,501 0.0455 0.0485 0.0496

VA May 20 2,012,754 977,582 3,362,578 0.0452 0.0482 0.0478

VA May 21 1,919,739 921,385 3,039,895 0.0431 0.0454 0.0433

VA May 22 1,803,204 807,713 2,640,306 0.0405 0.0398 0.0376

VA May 23 1,670,172 716,308 2,313,371 0.0375 0.0353 0.0329

VA Jun 0 1,535,718 564,493 1,955,809 0.0346 0.0303 0.0300

VA Jun 1 1,451,250 528,202 1,833,151 0.0327 0.0283 0.0281

VA Jun 2 1,405,228 508,902 1,781,072 0.0317 0.0273 0.0273

VA Jun 3 1,389,390 499,680 1,755,892 0.0313 0.0268 0.0270

VA Jun 4 1,425,828 516,426 1,809,811 0.0322 0.0277 0.0278

VA Jun 5 1,533,300 561,962 1,921,105 0.0346 0.0301 0.0295

VA Jun 6 1,652,876 625,775 2,097,904 0.0373 0.0336 0.0322

VA Jun 7 1,768,922 682,630 2,326,594 0.0399 0.0366 0.0357

VA Jun 8 1,893,400 732,207 2,550,700 0.0427 0.0393 0.0391

VA Jun 9 1,991,270 774,871 2,816,433 0.0449 0.0416 0.0432

VA Jun 10 2,041,222 806,659 3,032,658 0.0460 0.0433 0.0465

VA Jun 11 2,072,743 838,435 3,180,998 0.0467 0.0450 0.0488

VA Jun 12 2,085,477 877,111 3,323,443 0.0470 0.0470 0.0510

VA Jun 13 2,098,860 899,423 3,411,762 0.0473 0.0482 0.0524

H-46

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 176 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix H

Average 2000-2004 State Level Monthly-Diurnal Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Hour [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Average Values [2000-2004]

Calculated Ratios

VA Jun 14 2,102,088 917,146 3,436,868 0.0474 0.0492 0.0528

VA Jun 15 2,119,470 1,003,475 3,530,180 0.0478 0.0538 0.0542

VA Jun 16 2,108,789 1,032,366 3,559,636 0.0476 0.0554 0.0546

VA Jun 17 2,089,661 1,011,585 3,493,026 0.0471 0.0543 0.0536

VA Jun 18 2,047,308 995,992 3,388,159 0.0462 0.0534 0.0520

VA Jun 19 2,029,003 984,707 3,283,292 0.0458 0.0528 0.0504

VA Jun 20 2,028,236 972,622 3,212,192 0.0457 0.0522 0.0493

VA Jun 21 1,951,798 896,752 2,825,095 0.0440 0.0481 0.0434

VA Jun 22 1,835,164 764,662 2,434,870 0.0414 0.0410 0.0374

VA Jun 23 1,679,820 647,799 2,192,048 0.0379 0.0347 0.0336

VA Jul 0 1,704,862 636,854 2,231,134 0.0362 0.0341 0.0311

VA Jul 1 1,604,772 591,512 2,103,040 0.0341 0.0317 0.0293

VA Jul 2 1,522,774 559,116 2,019,643 0.0323 0.0299 0.0281

VA Jul 3 1,498,593 549,833 1,994,835 0.0318 0.0294 0.0278

VA Jul 4 1,537,955 563,336 2,036,226 0.0326 0.0301 0.0283

VA Jul 5 1,646,697 609,949 2,147,751 0.0349 0.0326 0.0299

VA Jul 6 1,734,217 655,628 2,289,967 0.0368 0.0351 0.0319

VA Jul 7 1,861,090 726,201 2,516,843 0.0395 0.0389 0.0350

VA Jul 8 1,980,867 791,032 2,786,784 0.0420 0.0423 0.0388

VA Jul 9 2,087,828 840,961 3,145,276 0.0443 0.0450 0.0438

VA Jul 10 2,142,626 863,668 3,388,605 0.0455 0.0462 0.0472

VA Jul 11 2,181,701 876,762 3,551,120 0.0463 0.0469 0.0494

VA Jul 12 2,204,128 896,024 3,675,653 0.0468 0.0480 0.0512

VA Jul 13 2,212,650 912,529 3,758,506 0.0470 0.0488 0.0523

VA Jul 14 2,209,449 918,906 3,788,632 0.0469 0.0492 0.0527

VA Jul 15 2,214,598 928,365 3,808,015 0.0470 0.0497 0.0530

VA Jul 16 2,210,019 935,751 3,828,290 0.0469 0.0501 0.0533

VA Jul 17 2,202,293 926,825 3,788,591 0.0467 0.0496 0.0527

VA Jul 18 2,169,071 898,383 3,651,230 0.0460 0.0481 0.0508

VA Jul 19 2,151,777 872,785 3,552,127 0.0457 0.0467 0.0494

VA Jul 20 2,139,263 857,022 3,435,399 0.0454 0.0459 0.0478

VA Jul 21 2,078,706 817,698 3,105,858 0.0441 0.0438 0.0432

VA Jul 22 1,973,834 764,842 2,785,915 0.0419 0.0409 0.0388

VA Jul 23 1,846,230 692,049 2,463,293 0.0392 0.0370 0.0343

VA Aug 0 1,711,775 647,585 2,290,030 0.0364 0.0330 0.0305

VA Aug 1 1,605,465 606,484 2,133,784 0.0341 0.0309 0.0285

VA Aug 2 1,535,053 580,947 2,039,166 0.0326 0.0296 0.0272

VA Aug 3 1,517,699 571,203 2,008,252 0.0322 0.0291 0.0268

VA Aug 4 1,569,706 587,754 2,078,976 0.0333 0.0300 0.0277

VA Aug 5 1,694,608 644,673 2,243,588 0.0360 0.0329 0.0299

VA Aug 6 1,777,196 683,969 2,379,500 0.0378 0.0349 0.0317

VA Aug 7 1,865,924 747,614 2,601,536 0.0396 0.0381 0.0347

VA Aug 8 1,967,164 814,989 2,853,217 0.0418 0.0416 0.0381

VA Aug 9 2,072,030 885,577 3,285,050 0.0440 0.0451 0.0438

VA Aug 10 2,130,434 903,557 3,584,803 0.0453 0.0461 0.0478

VA Aug 11 2,173,665 925,152 3,754,210 0.0462 0.0472 0.0501

VA Aug 12 2,195,527 942,316 3,844,172 0.0466 0.0480 0.0513

VA Aug 13 2,211,728 945,287 3,926,084 0.0470 0.0482 0.0524

VA Aug 14 2,208,769 945,097 3,976,443 0.0469 0.0482 0.0530

VA Aug 15 2,212,499 994,435 4,061,200 0.0470 0.0507 0.0542

VA Aug 16 2,205,808 991,010 4,039,150 0.0469 0.0505 0.0539

VA Aug 17 2,187,955 983,714 3,994,992 0.0465 0.0502 0.0533

VA Aug 18 2,150,114 972,668 3,849,458 0.0457 0.0496 0.0513

H-47

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 177 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix H

Average 2000-2004 State Level Monthly-Diurnal Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Hour [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Average Values [2000-2004]

Calculated Ratios

VA Aug 19 2,145,209 955,439 3,813,380 0.0456 0.0487 0.0509

VA Aug 20 2,122,441 918,658 3,591,925 0.0451 0.0468 0.0479

VA Aug 21 2,041,917 869,407 3,263,683 0.0434 0.0443 0.0435

VA Aug 22 1,945,967 798,195 2,879,613 0.0413 0.0407 0.0384

VA Aug 23 1,823,013 698,474 2,490,415 0.0387 0.0356 0.0332

VA Sep 0 1,461,731 556,344 1,955,407 0.0352 0.0335 0.0322

VA Sep 1 1,382,592 530,143 1,885,856 0.0333 0.0319 0.0311

VA Sep 2 1,339,279 515,282 1,842,656 0.0323 0.0311 0.0304

VA Sep 3 1,338,556 513,039 1,837,859 0.0323 0.0309 0.0303

VA Sep 4 1,415,967 539,645 1,911,194 0.0341 0.0325 0.0315

VA Sep 5 1,561,436 600,269 2,079,636 0.0376 0.0362 0.0343

VA Sep 6 1,632,176 637,192 2,183,543 0.0393 0.0384 0.0360

VA Sep 7 1,692,573 665,444 2,294,394 0.0408 0.0401 0.0378

VA Sep 8 1,774,399 707,846 2,444,289 0.0428 0.0427 0.0403

VA Sep 9 1,846,712 739,380 2,617,034 0.0445 0.0446 0.0431

VA Sep 10 1,883,020 762,275 2,784,859 0.0454 0.0459 0.0459

VA Sep 11 1,910,570 772,433 2,901,819 0.0461 0.0465 0.0478

VA Sep 12 1,919,899 782,398 2,973,831 0.0463 0.0471 0.0490

VA Sep 13 1,925,538 795,341 3,030,486 0.0464 0.0479 0.0499

VA Sep 14 1,926,222 810,628 3,088,146 0.0464 0.0488 0.0509

VA Sep 15 1,944,694 804,607 3,113,187 0.0469 0.0485 0.0513

VA Sep 16 1,935,466 800,161 3,110,833 0.0467 0.0482 0.0513

VA Sep 17 1,913,087 786,619 3,046,683 0.0461 0.0474 0.0502

VA Sep 18 1,906,905 778,185 2,993,230 0.0460 0.0469 0.0493

VA Sep 19 1,914,964 783,836 2,968,559 0.0462 0.0472 0.0489

VA Sep 20 1,854,886 752,391 2,770,907 0.0447 0.0453 0.0457

VA Sep 21 1,767,540 703,860 2,493,164 0.0426 0.0424 0.0411

VA Sep 22 1,681,509 665,591 2,285,052 0.0405 0.0401 0.0377

VA Sep 23 1,558,897 592,209 2,078,114 0.0376 0.0357 0.0342

VA Oct 0 1,459,155 527,767 1,557,534 0.0349 0.0326 0.0316

VA Oct 1 1,407,432 507,021 1,503,662 0.0336 0.0313 0.0305

VA Oct 2 1,375,083 494,354 1,474,394 0.0329 0.0305 0.0299

VA Oct 3 1,400,961 503,970 1,502,729 0.0335 0.0311 0.0305

VA Oct 4 1,518,711 561,887 1,643,656 0.0363 0.0347 0.0333

VA Oct 5 1,702,274 656,045 1,885,549 0.0407 0.0405 0.0383

VA Oct 6 1,796,400 707,685 2,041,507 0.0429 0.0437 0.0414

VA Oct 7 1,835,639 720,119 2,139,628 0.0439 0.0445 0.0434

VA Oct 8 1,853,898 733,272 2,198,294 0.0443 0.0453 0.0446

VA Oct 9 1,871,841 740,040 2,225,061 0.0447 0.0457 0.0451

VA Oct 10 1,859,894 730,019 2,237,954 0.0445 0.0451 0.0454

VA Oct 11 1,862,059 734,874 2,313,179 0.0445 0.0454 0.0469

VA Oct 12 1,861,698 735,906 2,341,942 0.0445 0.0454 0.0475

VA Oct 13 1,854,347 735,241 2,340,131 0.0443 0.0454 0.0475

VA Oct 14 1,832,371 729,339 2,329,439 0.0438 0.0450 0.0473

VA Oct 15 1,843,434 734,231 2,371,719 0.0441 0.0453 0.0481

VA Oct 16 1,850,521 734,549 2,378,945 0.0442 0.0454 0.0483

VA Oct 17 1,890,123 747,080 2,393,980 0.0452 0.0461 0.0486

VA Oct 18 1,932,878 772,163 2,452,793 0.0462 0.0477 0.0498

VA Oct 19 1,919,161 759,032 2,363,976 0.0459 0.0469 0.0480

VA Oct 20 1,881,186 736,427 2,180,428 0.0450 0.0455 0.0442

VA Oct 21 1,795,193 690,402 1,976,024 0.0429 0.0426 0.0401

VA Oct 22 1,671,660 624,826 1,779,365 0.0400 0.0386 0.0361

VA Oct 23 1,559,109 579,253 1,655,089 0.0373 0.0358 0.0336

H-48

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 178 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix H

Average 2000-2004 State Level Monthly-Diurnal Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Hour [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Average Values [2000-2004]

Calculated Ratios

VA Nov 0 1,637,417 592,858 1,838,004 0.0379 0.0360 0.0351

VA Nov 1 1,552,704 555,410 1,728,485 0.0359 0.0337 0.0330

VA Nov 2 1,518,901 543,104 1,692,818 0.0352 0.0330 0.0323

VA Nov 3 1,514,254 545,644 1,713,103 0.0351 0.0331 0.0327

VA Nov 4 1,550,494 570,307 1,791,663 0.0359 0.0346 0.0342

VA Nov 5 1,672,278 629,969 1,981,937 0.0387 0.0382 0.0378

VA Nov 6 1,798,921 696,879 2,215,326 0.0416 0.0423 0.0423

VA Nov 7 1,872,624 732,474 2,366,203 0.0434 0.0445 0.0451

VA Nov 8 1,887,423 741,235 2,383,026 0.0437 0.0450 0.0455

VA Nov 9 1,908,394 747,384 2,404,329 0.0442 0.0454 0.0459

VA Nov 10 1,897,770 734,029 2,335,473 0.0439 0.0445 0.0446

VA Nov 11 1,885,066 731,676 2,315,386 0.0436 0.0444 0.0442

VA Nov 12 1,861,046 723,081 2,272,625 0.0431 0.0439 0.0434

VA Nov 13 1,838,977 716,864 2,271,855 0.0426 0.0435 0.0433

VA Nov 14 1,805,476 703,084 2,252,952 0.0418 0.0427 0.0430

VA Nov 15 1,805,630 705,871 2,250,979 0.0418 0.0428 0.0429

VA Nov 16 1,853,985 717,772 2,309,856 0.0429 0.0436 0.0441

VA Nov 17 1,961,704 761,798 2,485,751 0.0454 0.0462 0.0474

VA Nov 18 1,975,554 772,106 2,535,740 0.0457 0.0469 0.0484

VA Nov 19 1,967,820 762,064 2,489,163 0.0456 0.0462 0.0475

VA Nov 20 1,937,653 740,890 2,392,853 0.0449 0.0450 0.0456

VA Nov 21 1,901,085 721,691 2,294,533 0.0440 0.0438 0.0438

VA Nov 22 1,831,409 684,860 2,118,594 0.0424 0.0416 0.0404

VA Nov 23 1,757,588 647,451 1,982,226 0.0407 0.0393 0.0378

VA Dec 0 1,871,009 707,198 2,191,515 0.0393 0.0378 0.0366

VA Dec 1 1,797,581 678,009 2,131,867 0.0377 0.0363 0.0356

VA Dec 2 1,764,860 662,189 2,078,089 0.0370 0.0354 0.0347

VA Dec 3 1,765,502 664,438 2,105,390 0.0370 0.0356 0.0352

VA Dec 4 1,798,697 688,912 2,196,313 0.0377 0.0369 0.0367

VA Dec 5 1,892,914 739,064 2,373,134 0.0397 0.0396 0.0396

VA Dec 6 2,001,053 791,819 2,602,807 0.0420 0.0424 0.0435

VA Dec 7 2,078,075 828,793 2,774,223 0.0436 0.0444 0.0463

VA Dec 8 2,109,883 842,461 2,789,344 0.0443 0.0451 0.0466

VA Dec 9 2,109,922 839,269 2,739,040 0.0443 0.0449 0.0457

VA Dec 10 2,085,586 822,797 2,630,637 0.0438 0.0440 0.0439

VA Dec 11 2,037,597 801,933 2,542,300 0.0427 0.0429 0.0425

VA Dec 12 1,980,822 774,133 2,446,193 0.0416 0.0414 0.0409

VA Dec 13 1,936,750 754,310 2,393,210 0.0406 0.0404 0.0400

VA Dec 14 1,897,795 743,729 2,346,263 0.0398 0.0398 0.0392

VA Dec 15 1,890,263 738,259 2,356,067 0.0397 0.0395 0.0393

VA Dec 16 1,969,412 774,824 2,492,375 0.0413 0.0415 0.0416

VA Dec 17 2,125,408 856,294 2,793,917 0.0446 0.0458 0.0467

VA Dec 18 2,157,214 874,751 2,871,318 0.0453 0.0468 0.0480

VA Dec 19 2,151,564 863,628 2,799,458 0.0451 0.0462 0.0468

VA Dec 20 2,130,113 849,899 2,748,439 0.0447 0.0455 0.0459

VA Dec 21 2,108,469 836,597 2,675,403 0.0442 0.0448 0.0447

VA Dec 22 2,044,722 799,528 2,497,562 0.0429 0.0428 0.0417

VA Dec 23 1,963,746 752,627 2,302,076 0.0412 0.0403 0.0384

WV Jan 0 4,249,442 1,894,435 3,529,625 0.0380 0.0364 0.0381

WV Jan 1 4,155,781 1,843,877 3,454,729 0.0371 0.0354 0.0372

WV Jan 2 4,104,091 1,817,862 3,419,085 0.0367 0.0349 0.0369

WV Jan 3 4,088,203 1,810,242 3,403,126 0.0365 0.0348 0.0367

WV Jan 4 4,127,942 1,835,248 3,437,783 0.0369 0.0353 0.0371

H-49

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 179 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix H

Average 2000-2004 State Level Monthly-Diurnal Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Hour [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Average Values [2000-2004]

Calculated Ratios

WV Jan 5 4,280,014 1,917,371 3,558,210 0.0383 0.0368 0.0384

WV Jan 6 4,573,064 2,088,359 3,776,220 0.0409 0.0401 0.0407

WV Jan 7 4,813,806 2,259,285 3,960,273 0.0430 0.0434 0.0427

WV Jan 8 4,879,139 2,300,620 4,017,639 0.0436 0.0442 0.0433

WV Jan 9 4,933,020 2,330,795 4,048,192 0.0441 0.0448 0.0436

WV Jan 10 4,943,863 2,336,407 4,064,235 0.0442 0.0449 0.0438

WV Jan 11 4,893,676 2,322,078 4,052,805 0.0437 0.0446 0.0437

WV Jan 12 4,848,694 2,295,186 4,014,446 0.0433 0.0441 0.0433

WV Jan 13 4,801,586 2,265,567 3,971,121 0.0429 0.0435 0.0428

WV Jan 14 4,754,843 2,232,995 3,942,716 0.0425 0.0429 0.0425

WV Jan 15 4,723,854 2,212,249 3,918,167 0.0422 0.0425 0.0422

WV Jan 16 4,760,189 2,238,053 3,969,454 0.0425 0.0430 0.0428

WV Jan 17 4,899,062 2,329,166 4,105,390 0.0438 0.0448 0.0443

WV Jan 18 5,004,069 2,413,424 4,193,319 0.0447 0.0464 0.0452

WV Jan 19 5,001,107 2,398,920 4,186,256 0.0447 0.0461 0.0451

WV Jan 20 4,967,170 2,366,811 4,115,894 0.0444 0.0455 0.0444

WV Jan 21 4,880,408 2,310,906 4,031,032 0.0436 0.0444 0.0435

WV Jan 22 4,714,799 2,190,675 3,892,699 0.0421 0.0421 0.0420

WV Jan 23 4,478,076 2,032,321 3,695,311 0.0400 0.0391 0.0398

WV Feb 0 3,869,369 1,753,162 3,236,329 0.0382 0.0369 0.0382

WV Feb 1 3,770,577 1,700,262 3,170,530 0.0372 0.0358 0.0374

WV Feb 2 3,733,964 1,680,205 3,142,389 0.0368 0.0353 0.0371

WV Feb 3 3,713,913 1,673,979 3,130,291 0.0366 0.0352 0.0369

WV Feb 4 3,764,787 1,703,968 3,176,549 0.0371 0.0358 0.0375

WV Feb 5 3,926,718 1,790,203 3,310,414 0.0387 0.0377 0.0391

WV Feb 6 4,194,362 1,950,867 3,502,900 0.0414 0.0410 0.0413

WV Feb 7 4,387,531 2,086,412 3,672,590 0.0433 0.0439 0.0433

WV Feb 8 4,445,016 2,125,658 3,720,802 0.0439 0.0447 0.0439

WV Feb 9 4,472,381 2,141,326 3,729,108 0.0441 0.0451 0.0440

WV Feb 10 4,479,402 2,143,699 3,737,825 0.0442 0.0451 0.0441

WV Feb 11 4,462,117 2,124,564 3,707,530 0.0440 0.0447 0.0438

WV Feb 12 4,408,304 2,093,781 3,653,998 0.0435 0.0440 0.0431

WV Feb 13 4,371,736 2,070,454 3,638,093 0.0431 0.0436 0.0429

WV Feb 14 4,295,638 2,021,150 3,577,435 0.0424 0.0425 0.0422

WV Feb 15 4,240,145 1,990,890 3,545,135 0.0418 0.0419 0.0418

WV Feb 16 4,251,408 2,003,139 3,553,782 0.0419 0.0421 0.0419

WV Feb 17 4,323,999 2,043,226 3,624,587 0.0427 0.0430 0.0428

WV Feb 18 4,465,413 2,143,792 3,753,621 0.0441 0.0451 0.0443

WV Feb 19 4,515,452 2,173,197 3,769,244 0.0446 0.0457 0.0445

WV Feb 20 4,491,732 2,151,329 3,750,907 0.0443 0.0453 0.0443

WV Feb 21 4,426,423 2,104,985 3,682,807 0.0437 0.0443 0.0435

WV Feb 22 4,276,431 1,998,377 3,554,922 0.0422 0.0420 0.0420

WV Feb 23 4,058,278 1,863,379 3,383,904 0.0400 0.0392 0.0399

WV Mar 0 4,118,452 1,798,426 3,471,235 0.0374 0.0359 0.0376

WV Mar 1 4,003,114 1,739,733 3,384,796 0.0364 0.0347 0.0367

WV Mar 2 3,943,335 1,717,039 3,348,712 0.0358 0.0343 0.0363

WV Mar 3 3,948,106 1,717,969 3,351,715 0.0359 0.0343 0.0363

WV Mar 4 4,013,975 1,753,160 3,409,329 0.0365 0.0350 0.0369

WV Mar 5 4,239,145 1,868,300 3,576,856 0.0385 0.0373 0.0387

WV Mar 6 4,548,297 2,063,518 3,837,582 0.0413 0.0412 0.0416

WV Mar 7 4,743,869 2,185,264 4,009,854 0.0431 0.0436 0.0434

WV Mar 8 4,832,323 2,242,822 4,082,783 0.0439 0.0448 0.0442

WV Mar 9 4,884,415 2,270,433 4,095,487 0.0444 0.0453 0.0444

H-50

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 180 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix H

Average 2000-2004 State Level Monthly-Diurnal Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Hour [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Average Values [2000-2004]

Calculated Ratios

WV Mar 10 4,906,289 2,283,364 4,094,196 0.0446 0.0456 0.0443

WV Mar 11 4,893,727 2,272,244 4,069,624 0.0445 0.0454 0.0441

WV Mar 12 4,843,689 2,245,144 4,038,034 0.0440 0.0448 0.0437

WV Mar 13 4,803,944 2,216,099 4,015,612 0.0437 0.0442 0.0435

WV Mar 14 4,737,384 2,173,090 3,969,588 0.0431 0.0434 0.0430

WV Mar 15 4,659,118 2,130,057 3,916,365 0.0423 0.0425 0.0424

WV Mar 16 4,655,959 2,126,639 3,907,090 0.0423 0.0425 0.0423

WV Mar 17 4,708,997 2,160,066 3,939,650 0.0428 0.0431 0.0427

WV Mar 18 4,817,024 2,223,988 4,025,737 0.0438 0.0444 0.0436

WV Mar 19 4,951,627 2,316,098 4,123,755 0.0450 0.0462 0.0447

WV Mar 20 4,926,890 2,300,298 4,107,029 0.0448 0.0459 0.0445

WV Mar 21 4,844,452 2,247,796 4,039,020 0.0440 0.0449 0.0437

WV Mar 22 4,640,082 2,105,813 3,877,380 0.0422 0.0420 0.0420

WV Mar 23 4,357,781 1,924,858 3,646,142 0.0396 0.0384 0.0395

WV Apr 0 3,731,648 1,646,822 3,211,698 0.0358 0.0344 0.0359

WV Apr 1 3,646,046 1,608,033 3,152,817 0.0350 0.0336 0.0352

WV Apr 2 3,629,253 1,601,105 3,144,249 0.0348 0.0334 0.0351

WV Apr 3 3,654,980 1,611,201 3,159,810 0.0350 0.0336 0.0353

WV Apr 4 3,793,856 1,673,928 3,255,696 0.0364 0.0349 0.0364

WV Apr 5 4,113,071 1,836,218 3,507,644 0.0394 0.0383 0.0392

WV Apr 6 4,372,897 2,000,714 3,729,969 0.0419 0.0418 0.0417

WV Apr 7 4,521,742 2,097,030 3,854,921 0.0434 0.0438 0.0431

WV Apr 8 4,604,510 2,152,911 3,950,373 0.0441 0.0449 0.0442

WV Apr 9 4,672,995 2,194,434 4,008,133 0.0448 0.0458 0.0448

WV Apr 10 4,684,136 2,206,171 4,027,220 0.0449 0.0461 0.0450

WV Apr 11 4,663,471 2,191,299 3,994,709 0.0447 0.0457 0.0447

WV Apr 12 4,654,850 2,187,479 3,994,312 0.0446 0.0457 0.0447

WV Apr 13 4,639,780 2,178,588 3,992,917 0.0445 0.0455 0.0446

WV Apr 14 4,596,659 2,147,389 3,947,058 0.0441 0.0448 0.0441

WV Apr 15 4,597,268 2,150,804 3,961,040 0.0441 0.0449 0.0443

WV Apr 16 4,581,958 2,139,654 3,954,941 0.0439 0.0447 0.0442

WV Apr 17 4,563,950 2,122,381 3,923,906 0.0438 0.0443 0.0439

WV Apr 18 4,560,416 2,115,866 3,922,354 0.0437 0.0442 0.0438

WV Apr 19 4,663,756 2,177,061 4,007,298 0.0447 0.0454 0.0448

WV Apr 20 4,691,196 2,193,010 4,023,341 0.0450 0.0458 0.0450

WV Apr 21 4,527,465 2,067,526 3,828,168 0.0434 0.0432 0.0428

WV Apr 22 4,208,315 1,875,409 3,554,492 0.0403 0.0392 0.0397

WV Apr 23 3,923,150 1,727,144 3,346,359 0.0376 0.0361 0.0374

WV May 0 3,703,271 1,459,683 3,366,264 0.0355 0.0351 0.0364

WV May 1 3,608,320 1,418,524 3,298,432 0.0346 0.0341 0.0356

WV May 2 3,543,860 1,399,333 3,256,146 0.0340 0.0336 0.0352

WV May 3 3,577,232 1,411,771 3,284,512 0.0343 0.0339 0.0355

WV May 4 3,749,129 1,477,311 3,403,791 0.0359 0.0355 0.0368

WV May 5 4,030,588 1,589,148 3,617,389 0.0386 0.0382 0.0391

WV May 6 4,267,917 1,687,539 3,788,669 0.0409 0.0405 0.0409

WV May 7 4,464,301 1,782,705 3,935,179 0.0428 0.0428 0.0425

WV May 8 4,586,199 1,836,948 4,007,875 0.0439 0.0441 0.0433

WV May 9 4,675,983 1,879,607 4,119,060 0.0448 0.0452 0.0445

WV May 10 4,719,217 1,907,253 4,134,937 0.0452 0.0458 0.0447

WV May 11 4,724,379 1,908,904 4,143,719 0.0453 0.0459 0.0448

WV May 12 4,727,655 1,915,606 4,168,739 0.0453 0.0460 0.0450

WV May 13 4,720,532 1,908,164 4,151,268 0.0452 0.0458 0.0449

WV May 14 4,702,889 1,902,024 4,148,550 0.0451 0.0457 0.0448

H-51

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 181 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix H

Average 2000-2004 State Level Monthly-Diurnal Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Hour [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Average Values [2000-2004]

Calculated Ratios

WV May 15 4,706,341 1,900,025 4,150,358 0.0451 0.0456 0.0448

WV May 16 4,680,703 1,879,212 4,131,555 0.0449 0.0451 0.0446

WV May 17 4,652,827 1,864,064 4,097,898 0.0446 0.0448 0.0443

WV May 18 4,617,372 1,841,005 4,044,140 0.0442 0.0442 0.0437

WV May 19 4,643,719 1,850,934 4,059,618 0.0445 0.0445 0.0439

WV May 20 4,690,038 1,876,110 4,092,223 0.0449 0.0451 0.0442

WV May 21 4,500,464 1,777,130 3,948,367 0.0431 0.0427 0.0427

WV May 22 4,176,506 1,631,243 3,701,583 0.0400 0.0392 0.0400

WV May 23 3,890,418 1,520,452 3,489,207 0.0373 0.0365 0.0377

WV Jun 0 3,526,345 1,276,527 3,194,799 0.0353 0.0346 0.0361

WV Jun 1 3,433,368 1,243,935 3,122,356 0.0344 0.0337 0.0353

WV Jun 2 3,356,399 1,219,119 3,069,736 0.0336 0.0331 0.0347

WV Jun 3 3,345,493 1,209,212 3,049,646 0.0335 0.0328 0.0345

WV Jun 4 3,435,049 1,241,041 3,115,593 0.0344 0.0337 0.0352

WV Jun 5 3,591,579 1,297,902 3,226,070 0.0360 0.0352 0.0365

WV Jun 6 3,815,818 1,381,086 3,397,933 0.0382 0.0375 0.0384

WV Jun 7 4,074,791 1,482,268 3,603,647 0.0408 0.0402 0.0407

WV Jun 8 4,276,798 1,566,502 3,751,856 0.0429 0.0425 0.0424

WV Jun 9 4,446,350 1,646,703 3,884,483 0.0446 0.0447 0.0439

WV Jun 10 4,553,449 1,701,459 3,987,246 0.0456 0.0462 0.0451

WV Jun 11 4,607,093 1,726,340 4,045,598 0.0462 0.0468 0.0457

WV Jun 12 4,631,195 1,748,354 4,097,366 0.0464 0.0474 0.0463

WV Jun 13 4,631,242 1,751,277 4,103,910 0.0464 0.0475 0.0464

WV Jun 14 4,616,662 1,749,726 4,091,018 0.0463 0.0475 0.0462

WV Jun 15 4,622,580 1,754,529 4,112,343 0.0463 0.0476 0.0465

WV Jun 16 4,617,336 1,749,965 4,088,543 0.0463 0.0475 0.0462

WV Jun 17 4,580,967 1,727,426 4,052,582 0.0459 0.0469 0.0458

WV Jun 18 4,532,265 1,692,096 3,989,552 0.0454 0.0459 0.0451

WV Jun 19 4,483,250 1,656,820 3,908,289 0.0449 0.0450 0.0442

WV Jun 20 4,505,031 1,659,174 3,912,114 0.0452 0.0450 0.0442

WV Jun 21 4,343,384 1,585,978 3,784,443 0.0435 0.0430 0.0428

WV Jun 22 4,024,747 1,452,580 3,547,404 0.0403 0.0394 0.0401

WV Jun 23 3,711,406 1,337,610 3,324,257 0.0372 0.0363 0.0376

WV Jul 0 3,743,508 1,383,466 3,456,762 0.0361 0.0354 0.0365

WV Jul 1 3,610,331 1,339,518 3,365,124 0.0348 0.0343 0.0355

WV Jul 2 3,524,932 1,309,072 3,298,397 0.0340 0.0335 0.0348

WV Jul 3 3,494,866 1,294,885 3,273,892 0.0337 0.0332 0.0346

WV Jul 4 3,569,280 1,321,295 3,328,862 0.0344 0.0338 0.0351

WV Jul 5 3,700,928 1,366,872 3,424,223 0.0357 0.0350 0.0362

WV Jul 6 3,893,625 1,439,413 3,557,209 0.0376 0.0369 0.0376

WV Jul 7 4,154,289 1,538,617 3,753,377 0.0401 0.0394 0.0396

WV Jul 8 4,385,314 1,630,970 3,944,418 0.0423 0.0418 0.0416

WV Jul 9 4,567,384 1,713,825 4,111,614 0.0441 0.0439 0.0434

WV Jul 10 4,682,749 1,783,318 4,235,872 0.0452 0.0457 0.0447

WV Jul 11 4,746,345 1,816,426 4,303,714 0.0458 0.0465 0.0454

WV Jul 12 4,775,065 1,833,806 4,349,875 0.0461 0.0470 0.0459

WV Jul 13 4,810,956 1,852,239 4,414,617 0.0464 0.0474 0.0466

WV Jul 14 4,816,485 1,858,710 4,433,846 0.0465 0.0476 0.0468

WV Jul 15 4,816,436 1,855,133 4,425,900 0.0465 0.0475 0.0467

WV Jul 16 4,815,910 1,853,918 4,422,182 0.0465 0.0475 0.0467

WV Jul 17 4,791,958 1,832,647 4,378,522 0.0462 0.0469 0.0462

WV Jul 18 4,730,850 1,798,833 4,300,188 0.0456 0.0461 0.0454

WV Jul 19 4,665,159 1,760,578 4,236,120 0.0450 0.0451 0.0447

H-52

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4b - 182 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix H

Average 2000-2004 State Level Monthly-Diurnal Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Hour [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Average Values [2000-2004]

Calculated Ratios

WV Jul 20 4,669,014 1,756,389 4,200,597 0.0450 0.0450 0.0443

WV Jul 21 4,504,520 1,684,422 4,057,296 0.0435 0.0431 0.0428

WV Jul 22 4,235,289 1,567,823 3,829,574 0.0409 0.0402 0.0404

WV Jul 23 3,946,975 1,456,164 3,616,258 0.0381 0.0373 0.0382

WV Aug 0 3,815,866 1,318,988 3,480,132 0.0363 0.0349 0.0360

WV Aug 1 3,704,477 1,280,416 3,400,927 0.0352 0.0339 0.0351

WV Aug 2 3,616,820 1,251,130 3,343,470 0.0344 0.0331 0.0346

WV Aug 3 3,586,321 1,239,763 3,321,327 0.0341 0.0328 0.0343

WV Aug 4 3,666,197 1,268,885 3,381,692 0.0348 0.0336 0.0349

WV Aug 5 3,853,805 1,337,138 3,537,563 0.0366 0.0354 0.0366

WV Aug 6 4,004,264 1,413,501 3,653,440 0.0380 0.0374 0.0378

WV Aug 7 4,215,225 1,492,878 3,822,830 0.0401 0.0395 0.0395

WV Aug 8 4,429,912 1,577,776 4,020,808 0.0421 0.0418 0.0416

WV Aug 9 4,595,394 1,648,263 4,200,879 0.0437 0.0437 0.0434

WV Aug 10 4,702,032 1,710,509 4,329,477 0.0447 0.0453 0.0447

WV Aug 11 4,777,262 1,755,067 4,401,562 0.0454 0.0465 0.0455

WV Aug 12 4,815,118 1,778,830 4,455,038 0.0458 0.0471 0.0460

WV Aug 13 4,830,298 1,786,874 4,485,768 0.0459 0.0473 0.0464

WV Aug 14 4,836,202 1,790,038 4,508,929 0.0460 0.0474 0.0466

WV Aug 15 4,863,624 1,795,929 4,509,896 0.0462 0.0476 0.0466

WV Aug 16 4,867,949 1,798,227 4,501,725 0.0463 0.0476 0.0465

WV Aug 17 4,841,578 1,778,250 4,474,502 0.0460 0.0471 0.0462

WV Aug 18 4,782,787 1,748,185 4,427,765 0.0454 0.0463 0.0458

WV Aug 19 4,782,890 1,734,883 4,400,760 0.0454 0.0460 0.0455

WV Aug 20 4,783,861 1,731,149 4,381,216 0.0455 0.0459 0.0453

WV Aug 21 4,571,284 1,631,975 4,161,064 0.0434 0.0432 0.0430

WV Aug 22 4,297,752 1,502,746 3,925,645 0.0408 0.0398 0.0406

WV Aug 23 4,000,028 1,379,902 3,642,811 0.0380 0.0366 0.0376

WV Sep 0 3,523,763 1,222,164 3,270,388 0.0350 0.0337 0.0359

WV Sep 1 3,438,300 1,194,098 3,216,142 0.0342 0.0330 0.0353

WV Sep 2 3,387,944 1,173,545 3,182,110 0.0337 0.0324 0.0350

WV Sep 3 3,383,266 1,177,349 3,186,215 0.0336 0.0325 0.0350

WV Sep 4 3,520,278 1,224,693 3,285,269 0.0350 0.0338 0.0361

WV Sep 5 3,808,971 1,336,444 3,494,425 0.0379 0.0369 0.0384

WV Sep 6 4,025,182 1,438,461 3,658,869 0.0400 0.0397 0.0402

WV Sep 7 4,174,065 1,508,426 3,767,733 0.0415 0.0416 0.0414

WV Sep 8 4,331,561 1,564,838 3,866,430 0.0431 0.0432 0.0425

WV Sep 9 4,445,198 1,614,392 3,946,971 0.0442 0.0446 0.0434

WV Sep 10 4,523,534 1,647,257 4,011,206 0.0450 0.0455 0.0441

WV Sep 11 4,574,930 1,672,820 4,057,023 0.0455 0.0462 0.0446

WV Sep 12 4,594,450 1,692,603 4,100,649 0.0457 0.0467 0.0451

WV Sep 13 4,595,168 1,701,257 4,131,734 0.0457 0.0470 0.0454

WV Sep 14 4,605,800 1,701,610 4,154,687 0.0458 0.0470 0.0457

WV Sep 15 4,599,618 1,703,620 4,171,726 0.0457 0.0470 0.0458

WV Sep 16 4,596,596 1,707,130 4,178,073 0.0457 0.0471 0.0459

WV Sep 17 4,569,107 1,681,107 4,130,915 0.0454 0.0464 0.0454

WV Sep 18 4,586,528 1,677,310 4,123,245 0.0456 0.0463 0.0453

WV Sep 19 4,642,216 1,704,072 4,140,909 0.0462 0.0470 0.0455

WV Sep 20 4,580,511 1,664,178 4,061,607 0.0456 0.0459 0.0446

WV Sep 21 4,337,546 1,540,779 3,854,213 0.0431 0.0425 0.0424

WV Sep 22 4,003,844 1,393,256 3,611,866 0.0398 0.0385 0.0397

WV Sep 23 3,699,525 1,288,883 3,400,905 0.0368 0.0356 0.0374

WV Oct 0 3,618,974 1,621,144 3,272,296 0.0348 0.0338 0.0360

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Appendix D.4b - 183 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix H

Average 2000-2004 State Level Monthly-Diurnal Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Hour [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Average Values [2000-2004]

Calculated Ratios

WV Oct 1 3,559,758 1,595,812 3,226,071 0.0342 0.0333 0.0355

WV Oct 2 3,534,706 1,586,482 3,207,668 0.0339 0.0331 0.0353

WV Oct 3 3,565,625 1,597,969 3,227,938 0.0342 0.0333 0.0355

WV Oct 4 3,741,408 1,671,527 3,352,988 0.0359 0.0349 0.0369

WV Oct 5 4,095,204 1,838,716 3,610,407 0.0393 0.0384 0.0397

WV Oct 6 4,418,184 2,029,335 3,865,236 0.0424 0.0423 0.0425

WV Oct 7 4,562,323 2,104,804 3,976,631 0.0438 0.0439 0.0437

WV Oct 8 4,652,025 2,152,739 4,019,973 0.0447 0.0449 0.0442

WV Oct 9 4,705,295 2,183,397 4,028,147 0.0452 0.0456 0.0443

WV Oct 10 4,710,830 2,185,421 4,032,132 0.0452 0.0456 0.0443

WV Oct 11 4,704,875 2,186,333 4,036,216 0.0452 0.0456 0.0444

WV Oct 12 4,688,124 2,181,432 4,033,725 0.0450 0.0455 0.0443

WV Oct 13 4,651,476 2,169,748 4,018,589 0.0447 0.0453 0.0442

WV Oct 14 4,610,580 2,140,643 3,987,181 0.0443 0.0447 0.0438

WV Oct 15 4,599,434 2,139,660 3,991,966 0.0442 0.0446 0.0439

WV Oct 16 4,592,520 2,139,428 3,995,499 0.0441 0.0446 0.0439

WV Oct 17 4,625,574 2,153,201 4,012,460 0.0444 0.0449 0.0441

WV Oct 18 4,756,187 2,234,812 4,120,427 0.0457 0.0466 0.0453

WV Oct 19 4,747,451 2,230,628 4,110,519 0.0456 0.0465 0.0452

WV Oct 20 4,665,754 2,174,455 4,022,393 0.0448 0.0454 0.0442

WV Oct 21 4,435,772 2,041,910 3,838,779 0.0426 0.0426 0.0422

WV Oct 22 4,101,607 1,860,468 3,602,312 0.0394 0.0388 0.0396

WV Oct 23 3,790,504 1,708,542 3,388,919 0.0364 0.0356 0.0372

WV Nov 0 3,780,067 1,750,447 3,309,421 0.0371 0.0364 0.0378

WV Nov 1 3,661,608 1,691,403 3,224,450 0.0360 0.0352 0.0369

WV Nov 2 3,613,349 1,660,122 3,180,830 0.0355 0.0345 0.0364

WV Nov 3 3,602,998 1,654,742 3,176,508 0.0354 0.0344 0.0363

WV Nov 4 3,643,413 1,674,743 3,202,564 0.0358 0.0348 0.0366

WV Nov 5 3,822,824 1,761,094 3,327,694 0.0376 0.0366 0.0380

WV Nov 6 4,157,762 1,942,323 3,562,470 0.0408 0.0404 0.0407

WV Nov 7 4,378,537 2,068,776 3,736,076 0.0430 0.0430 0.0427

WV Nov 8 4,471,261 2,126,790 3,816,344 0.0439 0.0442 0.0436

WV Nov 9 4,506,389 2,150,115 3,848,135 0.0443 0.0447 0.0440

WV Nov 10 4,533,363 2,165,649 3,864,271 0.0445 0.0450 0.0442

WV Nov 11 4,500,842 2,147,500 3,833,688 0.0442 0.0447 0.0438

WV Nov 12 4,467,510 2,128,701 3,799,494 0.0439 0.0443 0.0434

WV Nov 13 4,428,889 2,106,013 3,767,883 0.0435 0.0438 0.0431

WV Nov 14 4,378,096 2,079,127 3,749,338 0.0430 0.0432 0.0428

WV Nov 15 4,346,037 2,069,195 3,730,916 0.0427 0.0430 0.0426

WV Nov 16 4,385,192 2,092,295 3,764,646 0.0431 0.0435 0.0430

WV Nov 17 4,533,795 2,174,044 3,881,309 0.0445 0.0452 0.0444

WV Nov 18 4,603,067 2,211,814 3,956,061 0.0452 0.0460 0.0452

WV Nov 19 4,581,686 2,195,725 3,921,569 0.0450 0.0457 0.0448

WV Nov 20 4,563,731 2,185,415 3,875,566 0.0448 0.0454 0.0443

WV Nov 21 4,496,010 2,149,681 3,810,368 0.0442 0.0447 0.0435

WV Nov 22 4,288,692 2,023,264 3,666,694 0.0421 0.0421 0.0419

WV Nov 23 4,044,102 1,882,045 3,495,387 0.0397 0.0391 0.0399

WV Dec 0 3,940,230 1,799,753 3,420,736 0.0376 0.0365 0.0379

WV Dec 1 3,800,336 1,723,432 3,319,181 0.0363 0.0350 0.0368

WV Dec 2 3,751,357 1,705,779 3,289,072 0.0358 0.0346 0.0364

WV Dec 3 3,745,571 1,701,450 3,281,035 0.0358 0.0345 0.0364

WV Dec 4 3,794,848 1,727,318 3,316,106 0.0362 0.0350 0.0367

WV Dec 5 3,949,201 1,809,509 3,437,236 0.0377 0.0367 0.0381

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Appendix D.4b - 184 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group Appendix H

Average 2000-2004 State Level Monthly-Diurnal Profiles

CEM-Based Distribution

Alpine Geophysics

SO2 Mass NOx Mass Heat Input

State Month Hour [lbs] [lbs] [MMBtu] SO2 Ratio NOx Ratio Heat Input

Average Values [2000-2004]

Calculated Ratios

WV Dec 6 4,233,989 1,981,725 3,662,959 0.0404 0.0402 0.0406

WV Dec 7 4,474,020 2,117,521 3,862,515 0.0427 0.0429 0.0428

WV Dec 8 4,593,061 2,191,965 3,945,255 0.0438 0.0445 0.0437

WV Dec 9 4,651,094 2,225,221 3,991,071 0.0444 0.0451 0.0442

WV Dec 10 4,661,681 2,228,131 3,986,219 0.0445 0.0452 0.0442

WV Dec 11 4,606,381 2,195,141 3,936,405 0.0440 0.0445 0.0436

WV Dec 12 4,553,573 2,153,039 3,879,133 0.0435 0.0437 0.0430

WV Dec 13 4,495,870 2,121,901 3,840,522 0.0429 0.0430 0.0426

WV Dec 14 4,401,121 2,071,610 3,784,798 0.0420 0.0420 0.0419

WV Dec 15 4,354,333 2,044,563 3,760,254 0.0416 0.0415 0.0417

WV Dec 16 4,436,939 2,089,638 3,836,218 0.0424 0.0424 0.0425

WV Dec 17 4,663,174 2,228,940 4,013,471 0.0445 0.0452 0.0445

WV Dec 18 4,772,139 2,307,759 4,122,732 0.0456 0.0468 0.0457

WV Dec 19 4,769,498 2,299,340 4,097,800 0.0455 0.0466 0.0454

WV Dec 20 4,736,443 2,275,618 4,034,921 0.0452 0.0462 0.0447

WV Dec 21 4,680,463 2,238,335 3,976,665 0.0447 0.0454 0.0441

WV Dec 22 4,495,343 2,120,487 3,824,887 0.0429 0.0430 0.0424

WV Dec 23 4,203,589 1,947,792 3,616,058 0.0401 0.0395 0.0401

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Appendix D.4b - 185 

 December 17, 2007
Appendix D.4c 

White Paper on Mobile Source 

SMOKE Modeling 
Processing Mobile Emissions in SMOKE: Is it worth simulating everyday onroad 

mobile emissions to support 8-hr ozone modeling? 

 

Mike Abraczinskas 

North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources 

Division of Air Quality 

1641 Mail Service Center 

Raleigh, NC 27699-1641 

(919) 715-3743 

Michael.Abraczinskas@ncmail.net 

Cynthia Loomis 

Alpine Geophysics, LLC 

7341 Poppy Way 

Arvada, CO 80007 

(303) 421-2211 

cfl@alpinegeophysics.com 

Gregory Stella 

Alpine Geophysics, LLC 

387 Pollard Mine Road 

Burnsville, NC 28714 

(828) 675-9045 

gms@alpinegeophysics.com 

ABSTRACT 

The most computationally limiting step in emissions modeling is typically the generation of onroad 

mobile sources. Motor vehicle emissions are influenced by meteorological variability and the processing 

requirements for daily motor vehicle emissions have been determined to be rate limiting under most 

modeling schedules. Rather than utilizing averaged meteorological data or pre-calculated motor vehicle 

emissions, the Visibility Improvement State and Tribal Association of the Southeast (VISTAS) / 

Association for Southeastern Integrated Planning (ASIP) modeling team developed an emissions 

processing approach that models a representative week for each month of the year in order to make the 

SMOKE processing time more manageable and consistent with VISTAS/ASIP modeling schedules. This 

representative week was selected from mid-month, to try to best represent the average temperature 

ranges for the month, and also adjusted to exclude holidays that would require atypical processing. 

The purpose of this paper is to describe processing options for onroad mobile source emissions using the 

MOBILE module of the SMOKE emissions processor and to determine, based on air quality predictions 

and time and resource expenditure, benefits of simulating everyday for onroad mobile emissions to 

support 8-hr ozone modeling. We will present 12km evaluations of everyday vs. representative week 

emissions and associated air quality for a number of domains and discuss the benefits and limitations of 

the various methods relative to ozone, PM and regional haze prediction. 

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

 Appendix D.4c - 1 

December 17, 2007
INTRODUCTION 

On December 17, 2004, EPA made fine particle (PM2.5) nonattainment determinations for at least one 

area in seven of the states participating in the Visibility Improvement State and Tribal Association of the 

Southeast (VISTAS) regional haze project. They are Alabama, Georgia, North Carolina, Kentucky, 

Tennessee, Virginia, and West Virginia. In addition, South Carolina has one three-county area that was 

designated as unclassifiable in the same action. EPA’s Clean Air Interstate Rule (CAIR) modeling 

indicated that certain nonattainment areas may still be in nonattainment after full implementation of 

CAIR. These areas include Jefferson County, Alabama and Clayton and Fulton Counties in Georgia. 

The PM2.5 compliance date is April 2010 unless a state demonstrates that more time is necessary in 

which case up to five additional years may be granted. The nonattainment designations triggered the 

requirement for development of state implementation plans (SIPs) that will be due in April 2008. The 

draft guidance from EPA indicates that a significant requirement of PM2.5 SIPs will be attainment 

demonstrations using, at least in part, modeling analyses to define effective emissions control strategies 

and confirm that attainment can be achieved after implementation of the strategies. 2009 is the modeling 

year for the PM2.5 attainment demonstration and also is an interim analysis year for the VISTAS regional 

haze demonstration. 

In April of 2004, EPA determined areas that were not meeting the 8-hour ozone standard. States having 

one or more 8-hour ozone nonattainment areas in the Southeast are Alabama, Georgia, Kentucky, North 

Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, and West Virginia. EPA will require attainment of the 8-

hour ozone standard in basic nonattainment areas by June 15, 2009 and in moderate nonattainment areas 

by June 15, 2010. This will require states with basic 8-hour ozone nonattainment areas to model 2008 as 

the SIP modeling demonstration year while moderate nonattainment areas will require 2009 as the 

modeling year. Given that North Carolina and Virginia have two year SIP approval processes, there is an 

immediate need to complete an analysis of ozone attainment using air quality modeling. 

The states participating in the VISTAS project (the SESARM EPA Region 4 states plus Virginia and 

West Virginia from Region 3) have concluded that a collaborative process will be the most efficient 

approach for the collective states to develop information upon which to base the PM2.5 and 8-hour ozone 

attainment demonstrations. The local air regulatory agencies for Jefferson County, AL, Jefferson 

County, KY, Mecklenburg County, NC, Forsyth County, NC, Knox County, TN, and Shelby County, 

TN have also become signatory parties to this collaborative effort. SESARM will coordinate among 

participating agencies and oversee the performance of the inventory and modeling tasks in parallel with 

the VISTAS regional haze project tasks. 

The name of this collaborative effort is the Association for Southeastern Integrated Planning (ASIP). 

SESARM was awarded a grant from EPA on February 8, 2005 to conduct what was originally called the 

fine particle SIP development support project but is now known as ASIP. 

These states need to submit their 8-hour ozone State Implementation Plans (SIPs) to EPA by June 2007; 

the PM2.5 SIPs are due by April 2008. Some of the states involved in the ASIP ozone/PM modeling have 

two-year legislative review processes. Thus, the definition of the SIP control plans is needed in early 

2006. Consequently, the ASIP regional ozone and PM modeling has an aggressive schedule. 

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

 Appendix D.4c - 2 

December 17, 2007
Figure 1. PM2.5 nonattainment counties designed by EPA in December 2004. 

Figure 2. 8-hour ozone nonattainment counties in the US designated by EPA in April 2004. 

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

 Appendix D.4c - 3 

December 17, 2007
By far the most computationally limiting step in emissions modeling is typically the generation of 

onroad mobile sources. Motor vehicle emissions are influenced by meteorological variability and the 

processing requirements for daily motor vehicle emissions have been determined to be rate limiting 

under most modeling schedules. Rather than utilizing averaged meteorological data or pre-calculated 

motor vehicle emissions, the VISTAS and ASIP modeling team developed an emissions processing 

approach that models a representative week for each month of the year in order to make the SMOKE 

processing time more manageable and consistent with modeling schedule1

. This representative week 

was selected from mid-month, to try to best represent the average temperature ranges for the month, and 

also adjusted to exclude holidays that would require atypical processing. 

Based on the findings in the VISTAS Phase I and II modeling activities, ASIP selected the following 

models for use in modeling 8-hour ozone and particulate matter (PM) of size of 2.5 microns or less 

(PM2.5): 

3⁄4 MM52,3: The Pennsylvania State University/National Center for Atmospheric Research 

(PSU/NCAR) Mesoscale Meteorological Model (MM5) is a nonhydrostatic, prognostic 

meteorological model routinely used for urban- and regional-scale photochemical, fine 

particulate and regional haze regulatory modeling studies. 

 

3⁄4 SMOKE4: The Sparse Matrix Operator Kernel Emissions (SMOKE) modeling system is an 

emissions modeling system that generates hourly gridded speciated emission inputs of mobile, 

nonroad, area, point, fire and biogenic emission sources for photochemical grid models. 

3⁄4 CMAQ5,6: EPA’s Models-3/Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) modeling system is a 

‘One-Atmosphere’ photochemical grid model capable of addressing ozone, particulate matter 

(PM), visibility and acid deposition at regional scale for periods up to one year. 

The purpose of this paper is to describe processing options for onroad mobile source emissions using the 

MOBILE module of the SMOKE emissions processor and to determine, based on air quality predictions 

and time and resource expenditure, benefits of simulating everyday for onroad mobile emissions to 

support 8-hr ozone modeling. We will present 12km evaluations of everyday vs. representative week 

emissions and associated air quality for a number of domains and discuss the benefits and limitations of 

the various methods relative to ozone and regional haze prediction. 

MOBILE6 / SMOKE PREPARATION 

For the VISTAS/ASIP 2009 annual emissions inventory modeling, SMOKE was configured to generate 

point, area, nonroad, highway, and biogenic source emissions. In addition, certain subcategories, such as 

fires and EGUs were maintained in separate source category files in order to allow maximum flexibility 

in producing alternate strategies. With the exception of biogenic and highway mobile source emissions 

that are generated using the BEIS and MOBILE6 modules in SMOKE, pre-computed annual emissions 

will be processed using the month, day, and hour specific temporal profiles of the SMOKE model. Area, 

nonroad, and point sources were modeled as a block of Thursday, Friday, Saturday, Sunday, Monday 

one per month (total of 60 days modeled). Biogenics were modeled for each day of the episode. 

For this investigation, the onroad mobile source emissions were produced using two approaches: 

1) Modeling every day of the annual episode, using the MM5 meteorology files for each model day. 

When full annual runs were executed, holidays were modeled as Sundays. 

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

 Appendix D.4c - 4 

December 17, 2007
2) Modeling selected weeks (seven days) of each month and using these days as representative of the 

entire month. This selection criterion allows for the representation of day-of-the-week variability in 

the onroad motor vehicles, and models a representation of the meteorological variability in each 

month. The modeled weeks were selected from mid-month, avoiding inclusion of major holidays. 

The parameters for the SMOKE runs are as follows: 

Episodes: 

2002 Initial Base Year, and 

2009 Future year, using 2009 inventory and modeled using the same meteorology and 

episode days as 2002. 

Episode represented by the following weeks per month:

 January 15-21 

 February 12-18 

 March 12-18 

 April16-22 

 May 14-20 

 June 11-17 

 July 16-22 

August 13-19 

September 17-23 

October 15-21 

November 12-18 

December 17-23 

Days modeled as holidays for annual run:

 New Year’s Day - January 1 

 Good Friday – March 29 

 Memorial Day – May 27 

 July 4th 

 Labor Day – September 2 

 Thanksgiving Day – November 28, 29 

 Christmas Eve – December 24 

 Christmas Day – December 25 

Output time zone: 

Greenwich Mean Time (zone 0) 

Projection: 

Lambert Conformal with Alpha=33, Beta=45, Gamma=-97, and center at (-97, 40). 

Domain: 

36 Kilometer Grid: Origin at (-2736, -2088) kilometers with 148 rows by 112 columns 

and 36-km square grid cells. 

12 Kilometer Grid: Origin at (108, -1620) kilometers with 168 rows by 177 columns and 

12-km square grid cells. 

Layer structure: 

The CMAQ layer structure will be 19 layers, with specific layer positions defined in the 

meteorology files to be provided by VISTAS meteorological contractor. 

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

 Appendix D.4c - 5 

December 17, 2007
CMAQ model species: 

The CMAQ configuration will be for CB-IV with PM. The model species will be: CO, 

NO, NO2, ALD2, ETH, FORM, ISOP, NR, OLE, PAR, TERPB, TOL, XYL, NH3, SO2, 

SULF, PEC, PMFINE, PNO3, POA, PSO4, and PMC. 

Meteorology data: 

Daily (25-hour). SMOKE requires the following five types of MCIP outputs: (1) Grid 

cross 2-d, (2) Grid cross 3-d, (3) Met cross 2-d, (4) Met cross 3-d, and (5), Met dot 3-d. 

Elevated sources: 

All sources will be treated by SMOKE as potentially elevated. No plume-in-grid sources 

will be modeled. Wildfire emissions will be handled as point sources. 

Figure 3. 36-km national unified RPO domain and VISTAS 12-km domain. 

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

 Appendix D.4c - 6 

December 17, 2007
DEVELOPMENT OF ONROAD MOTOR VEHICLE SOURCE EMISSIONS 

The MOBILE6 module of SMOKE was used to develop the onroad mobile source emissions estimates 

for CO, NOX, PM, and VOC emissions. The MOBILE6 parameters, vehicle fleet descriptions, and 

VMT estimates are combined with gridded, episode-specific temperature data to calculate the gridded, 

temporalized emission estimates. The MOBILE6 emissions factors are based on episode-specific 

temperatures predicted by the meteorological model. Further, the MOBILE6 emissions factors model 

accounts for the following: 

• Hourly and daily minimum/maximum temperatures; 

• Facility speeds; 

• Locale-specific inspection/maintenance (I/M) control programs, if any; 

• Adjustments for running losses; 

• Splitting of evaporative and exhaust emissions into separate source categories; 

• VMT, fleet turnover, and changes in fuel composition and Reid vapor pressure (RVP). 

The primary input to MOBILE6 is the MOBILE shell file. The MOBILE shell contains the various 

options (e.g. type of inspection and maintenance program in effect, type of oxygenated fuel program in 

effect, alternative vehicle mix profiles, RVP of in-use fuel, operating mode) that direct the calculation of 

the MOBILE6 emissions factors. The shells used in these runs were based on VISTAS/ASIP BaseF 

modeling inputs7

. The options for all MOBILE6 parameters were held constant between the annual and 

representative week runs. 

Daily results of these model runs for a winter (January 17) and summer (July 18) day are represented in 

Figures 4 through 6 below. These data provide a comparison of the magnitude difference between ozone 

and particulate matter precursor species for each of these seasonally different episodes. As can be seen 

in these figures, the variable inputs (temperature, VMT, seasonal fuels) associated with each month’s 

run have an impact on the overall emissions generated for the onroad mobile source category. It is 

through modeling these differences with CMAQ for both ozone and PM that we have based our 

conclusions. 

Each of the onroad mobile source emissions runs conducted with the MOBILE6 module of SMOKE 

were performed on a dual Athlon MP 2600+ with 1.5 G RAM. With this configuration, the modeling 

team experienced run times of approximately sixty-three (63) minutes per run day on the 12km domain. 

Using this estimate, the representative week processing would require a total of 5,292 minutes (12 

months x 7 days x 63 minutes per run day) or about 88.2 hours (3.5 days) of CPU runtime to generate 

the files necessary to simulate the annual episode. In comparison, actually running each day’s onroad 

mobile source emissions using the same configuration would require 22,995 minutes (365 days x 63 

minutes per run day) or about 383.25 hours (16 days) of CPU run time. 

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

 Appendix D.4c - 7 

December 17, 2007
Figure 4. Daily VOC emissions as generated with the MOBILE6 module of SMOKE for a winter 

(January 17) and summer (July 18) episode day. 

Figure 5. Daily NOx emissions as generated with the MOBILE6 module of SMOKE for a winter 

(January 17) and summer (July 18) episode day. 

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

 Appendix D.4c - 8 

December 17, 2007
Figure 6. Daily PM-fine emissions as generated with the MOBILE6 module of SMOKE for a winter 

(January 17) and summer (July 18) episode day. 

EMISSIONS SUMMARY 

The reconstructed emissions based on the representative week run were calculated by mapping each day 

of week (Mon, Tue, Wed, etc.) from the modeled month to the same day of week generated in the 

representative week run. In the case of holidays, these days were mapped to representative week 

Sundays. An example of this mapping for the January episode is presented in Table 1. Note that 

although the emissions were generated for calendar year 2009, the meteorology is based on 2002. Table 

2 presents a comparison of January emissions as generated using the everyday MOBILE6 module run 

for each VISTAS/ASIP State and these emissions as reconstructed from the representative week 

MOBILE6 module runs. In comparison, Table 3 presents these emissions for the month of July. 

Table 1. Representative day mapping for January episode (Highlighted representative week). 

Modeled Representative Modeled Representative Modeled Representative 

Date Day Date Day Date Day 

1/1/2002* 1/20/2002 1/11/2002 1/18/2002 1/22/2002 1/15/2002 

1/2/2002 1/16/2002 1/12/2002 1/19/2002 1/23/2002 1/16/2002 

1/3/2002 1/17/2002 1/13/2002 1/20/2002 1/24/2002 1/17/2002 

1/4/2002 1/18/2002 1/14/2002 1/21/2002 1/25/2002 1/18/2002 

1/5/2002 1/19/2002 1/15/2002 1/15/2002 1/26/2002 1/19/2002 

1/6/2002 1/20/2002 1/16/2002 1/16/2002 1/27/2002 1/20/2002 

1/7/2002 1/21/2002 1/17/2002 1/17/2002 1/28/2002 1/21/2002 

1/8/2002 1/15/2002 1/18/2002 1/18/2002 1/29/2002 1/15/2002 

1/9/2002 1/16/2002 1/19/2002 1/19/2002 1/30/2002 1/16/2002 

1/10/2002 1/17/2002 1/20/2002 1/20/2002 1/31/2002 1/17/2002 

 1/21/2002 1/21/2002 

* Modeled holiday 

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

 Appendix D.4c - 9 

December 17, 2007
Table 2. January 2009 onroad mobile emissions comparison. 

State VOC NOx CO SO2 PM-10 PM-2.5 NH3

Alabama 6,567 8,774 105,011 51 266 174 500

Florida 28,354 26,686 336,541 171 834 529 1,736

Georgia 15,558 17,935 224,920 100 509 328 999

Kentucky 5,321 8,618 102,603 47 250 165 453

Mississippi 3,928 5,999 61,323 31 191 130 312

North Carolina 13,590 18,406 231,897 104 489 311 988

South Carolina 5,372 7,934 92,169 44 240 159 429

Tennessee 8,729 12,954 142,906 67 356 238 609

Virginia 7,377 11,708 156,617 72 311 190 716

West Virginia 2,025 3,177 41,742 18 91 59 168

96,821 122,190 1,495,728 705 3,536 2,283 6,910

State VOC NOx CO SO2 PM-10 PM-2.5 NH3

Alabama 6,394 8,765 102,800 51 266 174 500

Florida 28,852 26,476 333,248 171 833 529 1,736

Georgia 15,337 17,867 218,990 100 509 328 999

Kentucky 5,023 8,679 104,247 47 250 165 453

Mississippi 3,710 6,012 60,454 31 191 130 312

North Carolina 12,605 18,383 225,563 104 489 311 988

South Carolina 5,226 7,911 89,001 44 240 159 430

Tennessee 8,011 13,000 141,962 67 356 238 609

Virginia 7,005 11,735 155,321 72 311 190 715

West Virginia 1,941 3,194 42,096 18 91 59 168

94,104 122,021 1,473,682 705 3,536 2,283 6,909

State VOC NOx CO SO2 PM-10 PM-2.5 NH3

Alabama -2.6% -0.1% -2.1% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%

Florida 1.8% -0.8% -1.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%

Georgia -1.4% -0.4% -2.6% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%

Kentucky -5.6% 0.7% 1.6% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%

Mississippi -5.5% 0.2% -1.4% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%

North Carolina -7.2% -0.1% -2.7% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%

South Carolina -2.7% -0.3% -3.4% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%

Tennessee -8.2% 0.4% -0.7% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%

Virginia -5.0% 0.2% -0.8% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%

West Virginia -4.1% 0.6% 0.8% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%

-2.8% -0.1% -1.5% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%

January 2009 Emissions (Difference as Percent)

January 2009 Emissions (Everyday Calculation)

January 2009 Emissions (Representative Day Calculation)

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Appendix D.4c - 10 

December 17, 2007
Table 3. July 2009 onroad mobile emissions comparison. 

State VOC NOx CO SO2 PM-10 PM-2.5 NH3

Alabama 5,968 8,654 61,362 58 278 175 584

Florida 21,715 27,067 208,947 190 864 531 1,971

Georgia 15,833 17,965 133,828 114 533 332 1,162

Kentucky 5,289 8,196 56,333 53 262 166 537

Mississippi 3,934 6,013 38,674 36 200 130 376

North Carolina 12,975 17,340 130,042 120 512 311 1,171

South Carolina 5,316 7,859 57,163 51 251 160 512

Tennessee 8,797 12,446 81,289 75 368 237 712

Virginia 7,064 11,221 87,946 82 331 195 832

West Virginia 2,038 3,006 23,429 21 96 61 205

88,930 119,768 879,013 800 3,695 2,299 8,063

State VOC NOx CO SO2 PM-10 PM-2.5 NH3

Alabama 6,017 8,682 61,581 58 278 175 585

Florida 22,006 27,217 210,901 190 864 531 1,971

Georgia 16,252 18,091 135,119 114 533 332 1,163

Kentucky 5,274 8,196 56,184 53 262 167 537

Mississippi 3,960 6,023 38,911 36 200 130 376

North Carolina 13,160 17,394 130,728 120 512 311 1,171

South Carolina 5,449 7,903 57,867 51 251 160 512

Tennessee 8,798 12,454 81,930 75 368 237 712

Virginia 7,104 11,248 87,523 82 331 195 832

West Virginia 2,047 3,010 23,419 21 96 61 205

90,068 120,218 884,162 800 3,695 2,299 8,063

State VOC NOx CO SO2 PM-10 PM-2.5 NH3

Alabama 0.8% 0.3% 0.4% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%

Florida 1.3% 0.6% 0.9% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%

Georgia 2.6% 0.7% 1.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%

Kentucky -0.3% 0.0% -0.3% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%

Mississippi 0.7% 0.2% 0.6% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%

North Carolina 1.4% 0.3% 0.5% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%

South Carolina 2.5% 0.6% 1.2% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%

Tennessee 0.0% 0.1% 0.8% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%

Virginia 0.6% 0.2% -0.5% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%

West Virginia 0.5% 0.1% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%

1.3% 0.4% 0.6% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%

July 2009 Emissions (Difference as Percent)

July 2009 Emissions (Everyday Calculation)

July 2009 Emissions (Representative Day Calculation)

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4c - 11 

December 17, 2007
These aggregate emission summaries would lead one to believe that on an extended episode scale (like 

those required for PM or regional haze modeling), the use of representative week onroad mobile source 

emissions would be appropriate. However, in modeling either 1-hr or 8-hr ozone, there is enough of a 

temperature variability and therefore apparent ozone precursor emissions delta on an hour-to-hour basis 

that this same assumption could not be made without accompanying air quality simulations. 

AIR QUALITY MODELING 

The VISTAS/ASIP modeling team has applied the CMAQ Version 4.5 O3/PM2.5 photochemical grid 

modeling system. The VISTAS/ASIP modeling team implemented a comprehensive evaluation of the 

meteorological8

, emissions and air quality models. The CMAQ model performance evaluation indicated 

an underestimation of 8-hour ozone maximums during the summer. The model demonstrated reasonably 

good performance for sulfate, winter overestimation bias and summer underestimation bias for nitrate 

and reasonably good performance for elemental carbon (EC), albeit with lots of scatter and low 

correlation. However, organic carbon (OC) was underestimated with the summer OC underestimation 

bias being quite severe. After an intense focused analysis of the OC underestimation issue, the 

VISTAS/ASIP modeling team identified processes important to the formation of secondary organic 

aerosols (SOA) that were not included in the CMAQ SOA module that may be important to OC in the 

Southeastern U.S.9

 Consequently, VISTAS/ASIP enhanced the CMAQ SOA module by adding several 

new processes. This enhancement, called “SOAmods”, was implemented in CMAQ Version 4.5 and 

exhibited much improved OC model performance over the standard CMAQ SOA treatment10. A 

complete description of the modeling methods, configurations and performance are described 

elsewhere1,7. 

CMAQ was applied using both of the mobile emissions modeling methods described above. Recall, all 

emissions and air quality model inputs and configurations were held constant, with the exception of the 

mobile source emissions. This will allow us to isolate the air quality impacts of using the representative 

week mobile emissions versus the “actual” daily modeled mobile emissions. While the VISTAS/ASIP 

modeling is conducted on both 36-km National RPO and 12-km “VISTAS/ASIP” modeling domains as 

shown in Figure 3, this study focuses on evaluations of the 12-km air quality modeling results only. 

Using each of the mobile emissions databases (daily and the representative week) generated for the 

January and July study periods, we performed future-year air quality simulations for 2009 using CMAQ. 

We then post-processed the air quality model results to qualitatively evaluate the magnitude, location, 

and spatial extent of the differences in predicted ozone and PM2.5 concentrations due to the different 

mobile emissions modeling methodologies. Spatial plots were generated for each day simulated, 

including: 

1) daily maximum 8-hour ozone difference plots; 

2) maximum 1-hour ozone maximum difference plots; and, 

3) daily PM2.5 difference plots. 

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Appendix D.4c - 12 

December 17, 2007
RESULTS 

Our examination of the two air quality simulations began with the daily differences in PM2.5 

concentrations. Figures 7 and 8 represent the percent difference in the daily PM2.5 concentrations 

between the air quality simulations with representative week mobile emissions and the daily mobile 

emissions for one winter day (January 22nd) and one summer day (July 9th). No change is seen in either 

plot indicating daily PM2.5 concentrations changed less than one percent. Absolute differences in daily 

PM2.5 concentrations are shown in Figures 9 and 10 for the same two days (January 22nd and July 9th). 

Again, no change is seen in either plot indicating daily PM2.5 concentrations changed less than 0.2 

μg/m3

. In fact, all of the fourteen days modeled (seven winter days and seven summer days) show no 

differences as high as 0.2 μg/m3. 

We next examined the results of the two air quality simulations with the daily differences in maximum 

8-hour ozone concentrations. Figures 11 and 12 present the percent difference in the daily maximum 8-

hour ozone concentrations for one winter day (January 28th) and one summer day (July 15th). In most 

areas for the winter day, daily maximum 8-hour ozone concentrations changed less than one percent. In 

a few urban corridors, namely, near Chicago, IL, Atlanta, GA and Baltimore, MD, changes of one 

percent are noted. Near Philadelphia, PA, changes of up to two percent are noted. However, this was the 

only day of the seven wintertime days simulated that showed a daily maximum 8-hour ozone difference 

as high as one percent anywhere in the modeling domain. It should also be noted that predicting 

wintertime ozone concentrations is not usually an interest because most, if not all high ozone events in 

the middle latitudes of the northern hemisphere occur during the summertime. Therefore the remainder 

of the ozone analysis will focus on summertime differences. On the summer day, July 15th, presented in 

Figure 12, no changes are seen indicating daily maximum 8-hour ozone concentrations changed less 

than one percent. In fact, all seven of the summer days modeled showed no changes as high as one 

percent. 

Absolute differences in daily maximum 8-hour ozone concentrations are shown in Figure 13 for July 

15th. Again, no change as high as 0.5 ppb (0.0005 ppm) was noted on this day or any of the seven 

summer days modeled. In addition to the 8-hour ozone metrics discussed above, differences in 1-hour 

ozone maximums were examined. As shown in Figure14 and 15, only two days during the seven day 

summertime period simulated showed differences in 1-hour ozone maximums as high as 0.5 ppb (0.0005 

ppm). 

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4c - 13 

December 17, 2007
Figure 7. Percent difference in 24-hour PM2.5 concentrations for January 22nd (Representative week 

mobile emissions versus daily mobile emissions). 

Figure 8. Percent difference in 24-hour PM2.5 concentrations for July 9th (Representative week mobile 

emissions versus daily mobile emissions). 

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4c - 14 

December 17, 2007
Figure 9. Absolute differences in 24-hour PM2.5 concentrations for January (Representative week 

mobile emissions versus daily mobile emissions). 

Figure 10. Absolute differences in 24-hour PM2.5 concentrations for July 9th (Representative week 

mobile emissions versus daily mobile emissions). 

Emissions Preparation & Results 

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Appendix D.4c - 15 

December 17, 2007
Figure 11. Percent differences in daily 8-hour maximum ozone concentrations for January 28th 

(Representative week mobile emissions versus daily mobile emissions). 

Figure 12. Percent differences in daily 8-hour maximum ozone concentrations for July 15th

(Representative week mobile emissions versus daily mobile emissions). 

Emissions Preparation & Results 

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Appendix D.4c - 16 

December 17, 2007
Figure 13. Absolute differences in daily 8-hour maximum ozone concentrations for July 15th

(Representative week mobile emissions versus daily mobile emissions). 

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4c - 17 

December 17, 2007
Figure 14. Absolute differences in 1-hour maximum ozone concentrations for July 12th. 

Figure 15. Absolute differences in 1-hour maximum ozone concentrations for July 14th. 

Emissions Preparation & Results 

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Appendix D.4c - 18 

December 17, 2007
CONCLUSIONS 

U.S. EPA attainment demonstration modeling guidance11,12 notes that in some cases it may be useful to 

evaluate how the response of an air quality model to emissions changes varies as a function of 

alternative model inputs or model algorithms. These types of tests can be used to assess the robustness 

of a base case or control strategy modeling evaluation. As an example, EPA remarks that States/Tribes 

could consider the effects of assumed boundary conditions on predicted effectiveness of a control 

strategy. If the model response does not differ greatly over a variety of alternative plausible 

configurations, this increases confidence in the model results. 

The parameters for these sensitivity tests can include, but are not limited to: different chemical 

mechanisms, finer or coarser grid resolution, meteorological inputs from alternative, credible 

meteorological model(s), different initial/boundary conditions, and multiple sets of reasonable emission 

projections. Sensitivity tests can and should be applied throughout the modeling process, not just when 

model performance is being evaluated. 

The modeling team’s research in using reasonable alternate sets of onroad emission projections has 

determined that the use of representative week onroad mobile emissions for each month of our episodes 

within our 12km modeling domain predicts ozone and particulate matter concentration differences from 

annual, everyday onroad mobile modeling which could be considered insignificant from an air quality 

modeling standpoint. The small differences in the air quality results in combination with the length of 

time necessary to conduct daily onroad mobile runs using the MOBILE6 module of SMOKE has 

resulted in the project team’s recommendation that representative week onroad mobile emissions 

methodology be carried forward in the VISTAS regional haze modeling and the ASIP PM2.5 and 8-hour 

ozone modeling. 

REFERENCES 

1. “Draft Modeling Protocol For Association for Southeastern Integrated Planning (ASIP) – 

Emissions and Air Quality Modeling to Address 8-Hour Ozone and PM2.5 Nonattainment in the 

Southeastern United States”; Prepared for ASIP by ENVIRON, Alpine Geophysics and 

University of California, Riverside, January 31, 2006. 

2. Dudhia, J. "A Non-hydrostatic Version of the Penn State/NCAR Mesoscale Model: Validation 

Tests and Simulation of an Atlantic Cyclone and Cold Front", Mon. Wea. Rev., 1993, Vol. 121. 

pp. 1493-1513. 

3. Grell, G. A., J. Dudhia, and D. R. Stauffer. "A Description of the Fifth Generation Penn 

State/NCAR Mesoscale Model (MM5). NCAR Tech. Note, 1994. NCAR TN-398-STR, 138 pp. 

4. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Sparse Matrix Operator Kernel Emissions 

(SMOKE) Modeling System, http://cf.unc.edu/cep/empd/products/smoke/index.cfm. 

5. Byun, D.W., and J.K.S. Ching. “Science Algorithms of the EPA Models-3 Community 

Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) Modeling System”, EPA/600/R-99/030. 1999. 

6. Pleim J. et al. “New Developments in CMAQ Model Physics”, Presented at the 4th Annual 

CMAS Models-3 User’s Conference, September 26-28, 2005, Friday Center Chapel Hill North 

Carolina. 

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.4c - 19 

December 17, 2007
7. VISTAS Phase II Modeling website, http://pah.cert.ucr.edu/vistas/vistas2/ . 

8. Abraczinskas, M.A., Olerud, D.T., Sims, A.P. “Characterizing Annual Meteorological Modeling 

Performance for Visibility Improvement Strategy Modeling in the Southeastern U.S.”, Presented 

at the 3th AMS Joint Conference on the Applications of Air Pollution Meteorology with the Air 

and Waste Management Association, Vancouver, BC, 2004. 

9. Morris, R.E., McNally, D.E., Tesche, T.W., Tonnesen, G., Boylan, J.W., Brewer, P. 

“Preliminary Evaluation of the Community Multiscale Air Quality Model for 2002 over the 

Southeastern United States”. 2005. J. Air & Waste Manag. Assoc. 55:1694-1708 

10. Morris, R.E.; Koo, B.; Yarwood, G.; McNally, D.E.; Tesche, T.W.; Tonnesen, G.S.; Boylan, J.; 

Brewer, P. “Model Sensitivity Evaluation for Organic Carbon Using Two Multi-Pollutant Air 

Quality Models that Simulate Regional Haze in the Southeastern United States”, Atmos. 

Environ. Submitted for publication. 

11. Guidance on the Use of Models and Other Analyses in Attainment Demonstrations for the 8-hour 

Ozone NAAQS, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Office of Air Quality Planning and 

Standards Emissions, Monitoring, and Analysis Division Air Quality Modeling Group Research 

Triangle Park, North Carolina, 2005; EPA-454/R-05-002. 

12. Guidance for Demonstrating Attainment of Air Quality Goals for PM2.5 and Regional Haze, 

Draft Report, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC. 2001. 

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 

VISTAS and ASIP are funded by grants to the Southeastern States Air Resource Managers, Inc. from 

the United States Environmental Protection Agency and the VISTAS/ASIP state and local agencies. The 

authors of this paper would like to acknowledge VISTAS and ASIP State, local and Tribal air quality 

agencies, participating stakeholders, and associated contractors for their contribution and input in the 

emission inventory development and modeling. Additionally, the authors would like to recognize the 

support of the North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources, Division of Air 

Quality and Dennis McNally, Alpine Geophysics for his time in preparing the CMAQ runs used in this 

analysis. 

Emissions Preparation & Results 

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Appendix D.4c - 20 

December 17, 2007
KEYWORDS 

ASIP 

MOBILE 

Modeling 

Onroad Mobile 

Ozone 

Particulate Matter 

Regional Haze 

Regional Planning Organization 

SMOKE 

VISTAS 

Emissions Preparation & Results 

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Appendix D.4c - 21 

December 17, 2007
Appendix D.5 

VISTAS Emission Inventory 

Supporting Documentation 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.5 - 1 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 
Emissions Preparations & Results Appendix D.5 - 2 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas December 17, 2007 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Development of the VISTAS Draft 2002 Mobile Source Emission Inventory 

(February 2004 version), Pechan .....................................................................................................3 

Documentation of the Base G 2002 Base Year, 2009 and 2018 Emissions Inventory for 

VISTAS, MACTEC, Inc................................................................................................................62 

Memorandum to VISTAS State Point Contacts and VISTAS EGU Special Interest Workgroup, 

from Gregory Stella, June 13, 2005.............................................................................................318 
PECHAN

5528-B Hempstead Way 

Springfield, VA 22151 

703-813-6700 telephone 

703-813-6729 facsimile 

3622 Lyckan Parkway 

Suite 2002 

Durham, NC 27707 

919-493-3144 telephone 

919-493-3182 facsimile 

P.O. Box 1345 

El Dorado, CA 95623 

530-295-2995 telephone 

530-295-2999 facsimile 

Development of the 

VISTAS Draft 2002 

Mobile Source 

Emission Inventory 

(February 2004 

Version) 

Prepared for: 

VISTAS 

59 Woodfin Place 

Asheville, NC 28801 

Prepared by: 

Maureen A. Mullen 

Kirstin B. Thesing 

E.H. Pechan & Associates, Inc. 

5528-B Hempstead Way 

Springfield, VA 22151 

February 9, 2004 

Pechan Rpt. No. 04.01.002/9440.000 

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

 Appendix D.5 - 3 

December 17, 2007
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Emissions Preparation & Results 

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 Appendix D.5 - 4 

December 17, 2007
CONTENTS

Page

TABLES........................................................................................................................................ iv 

FIGURES....................................................................................................................................... v 

ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS.................................................................................... vi 

I. INTRODUCTION/BACKGROUND ................................................................................ 1

II. ONROAD METHODS AND DATA.................................................................................. 2

A. 2002 VMT DEVELOPMENT..................................................................................... 2 

1. Conversion to Annual VMT................................................................................. 2 

2. Projection to 2002................................................................................................. 3 

3. Splitting VMT by Road Type............................................................................... 4 

a. Allocation of VMT to Vehicle Type using Default VMT Mix Data............. 4 

b. Allocation of VMT to Vehicle Type using State-Provided VMT Mix Data . 6 

c. Allocation of VMT by Month........................................................................ 6 

B. 2002 ONROAD EMISSION FACTOR DEVELOPMENT USING MOBILE6.2 ..... 8 

1. General MOBILE6.2 File Structure ..................................................................... 8 

C. 2002 ONROAD EMISSION INVENTORY CALCULATIONS ............................. 14 

D. DATA PROVIDED BY STATE AND LOCAL AGENCIES .................................. 14 

1. Temperature........................................................................................................ 21 

2. I/M and ATP Programs ...................................................................................... 21 

3. RVP and Fuel Programs ..................................................................................... 21 

III. NONROAD METHODS AND DATA............................................................................. 22

A. NONROAD MODEL CATEGORIES ...................................................................... 22 

B. AIRCRAFT, COMMERCIAL MARINE VESSELS AND LOCOMOTIVES ........ 23 

2. CMV Improvements........................................................................................... 28 

a. Current Allocation Method.......................................................................... 28 

b. Revised Port Allocation Method.................................................................. 29 

3. Projection Methods............................................................................................. 40 

IV. ONROAD REFUELING METHODS............................................................................. 42

A. CONTROLS .............................................................................................................. 42 

B. METHODS................................................................................................................ 43 

V. NONROAD REFUELING METHODS.......................................................................... 44

VI. SUMMARY OF RESULTS.............................................................................................. 45

A. ONROAD RESULTS................................................................................................ 45 

B. NONROAD RESULTS............................................................................................. 47 

VII. OBSERVATIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS FOR IMPROVEMENT.............. 51

A. ONROAD SECTOR IMPROVEMENTS ................................................................. 51 

B. NONROAD SECTOR IMPROVEMENTS .............................................................. 52 

VIII. REFERENCES .................................................................................................................. 52

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 Appendix D.5 - 5 

December 17, 2007
TABLES 

Table II-1. VMT Data Provided by State/Local Agencies ............................................................ 3 

Table II-2. VMT Growth Factors Used for Virginia ..................................................................... 4 

Table II-3. Allocation of VMT from HPMS Vehicle Categories to MOBILE6 Vehicle Types for 

2001........................................................................................................................................... 5 

Table II-4. Default VMT Seasonal and Monthly Temporal Allocation Factors............................ 7 

Table II-5. Default Speeds Modeled by Road Type and Vehicle Type....................................... 13 

Table II-6. Summary of Onroad Data Provided by Alabama ...................................................... 15 

Table II-7. Summary of Onroad Data Provided by Florida......................................................... 15 

Table II-8. Summary of Onroad Data Provided by Georgia........................................................ 16 

Table II-9. Summary of Onroad Data Provided by Kentucky..................................................... 17 

Table II-10. Summary of Onroad Data Provided by Mississippi ................................................ 18 

Table II-11. Summary of Onroad Data Provided by North Carolina .......................................... 18 

Table II-12. Summary of Onroad Data Provided by South Carolina .......................................... 19 

Table II-13. Summary of Onroad Data Provided by Tennessee.................................................. 19 

Table II-14. Summary of Onroad Data Provided by Virginia ..................................................... 20 

Table II-15. Summary of Onroad Data Provided by West Virginia............................................ 20 

Table III-1. Summary of Comments by S/L/T Agencies on NONROAD Model Input Values 

Distributed in July 2003.......................................................................................................... 22 

Table III-2. Summary of S/L/T Agency Data Incorporated into the Draft VISTAS 2002 Other 

Nonroad Inventory.................................................................................................................. 23 

Table III-3a. Replacement Procedures for 1999 Locomotive Emissions for Pickens and 

Tuscaloosa County, Alabama ................................................................................................. 24 

Table III-3b. Replacement Procedures for 1999 Aircraft, Locomotive, and Commercial Marine 

Vessel Emissions for Palm Beach County, Florida ................................................................ 25 

Table III-3c. Replacement Procedures for 1999 Aircraft and Locomotive Emissions for 

Davidson County, Tennessee.................................................................................................. 26 

Table III-3d. Replacement Procedures for 1999 Aircraft, Locomotive, and Commercial Marine 

Vessel Emissions for Sample Counties in Virginia ................................................................ 27 

Table III-4. Port Areas Located in VISTAS and Adjoining States.............................................. 32 

Table III-5. List of VISTAS Ports and Ports of Adjoining States ............................................... 33 

Table III-6. Definition of Port Areas Obtained from Waterborne Commerce ............................ 36 

Table III-7a. Growth Factors for Railroad Distillate Fuel Oil Use.............................................. 40 

Table III-7b. 2002 National Rail Transportation Energy Use by Fuel Type............................... 41 

Table III-8. Growth Factors for Commercial Marine Vessel Distillate and Residual Fuel 

 Oil Use .................................................................................................................................... 42 

Table IV-1. Onroad Stage II Control Programs........................................................................... 43 

Table V-1. 2002 Draft Stage II Refueling Emissions by State.................................................... 45 

Table VI-1. 2002 VISTAS Onroad Emissions and VMT by State.............................................. 46 

Table VI-2. 1999 NEI Version 2 Onroad Emissions and VMT by State .................................... 46 

Table VI-3. Change in Onroad Emissions and VMT from 1999 NEI Version 2 to VISTAS 2002 

Inventory................................................................................................................................. 47 

Table VI-4. 2002 VISTAS Annual Onroad Refueling Emissions............................................... 47 

Table VI-5. Summary of Draft 2002 Nonroad Sector Annual Emissions by State ..................... 48 

Table VI-6. Summary of Draft 2002 NONROAD Model Emission Estimates by State............. 49 

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 Appendix D.5 - 6 

December 17, 2007
Table VI-7. Summary of Draft 2002 Other Nonroad* Emission Estimates by State.................. 50 

FIGURES 

Figure II-1. Header Section of MOBILE6.2 Input File Including VOC Exhaust and PM10

Emission Factors............................................................................................................................. 9 

Figure II-2. Header Section of MOBILE6.2 Input File Including VOC Evaporative and PM2.5

Emission Factors............................................................................................................................. 9 

Figure II-3. Run Data Section of a MOBILE6.2 Input File......................................................... 10 

Figure II-4. Run Data Section of a MOBILE6.2 Input File with Significant Local Inputs......... 10 

Figure II-5. Sample Scenario for a Typical MOBILE6.2 Input File ........................................... 12 

Figure III-1. VISTAS Region and Surrounding States, Underway NOx Emissions................... 30 

Figure III-2. VISTAS Region and Surrounding States, Port NOx Emissions............................. 31 

Figure III-3. VISTAS Region and Surrounding States, Revised Port Emissions of NOX............ 35 

Emissions Preparation & Results 

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 Appendix D.5 - 7 

December 17, 2007
ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS 

ATADS Air Traffic Activity Data System 

ATP anti-tampering program 

BTS Bureau of Transportation Statistics 

BTU British thermal unit 

CMV commercial marine vessels 

CNG compressed natural gas 

CO carbon monoxide 

DOT Department of Transportation 

EIA Energy Information Administration 

EPA U.S. Environmental Protection Agency 

FHWA Federal Highway Administration 

FIPS Federal Information Processing Standards 

GF growth factor 

HDDV heavy-duty diesel vehicle 

HDGV heavy-duty gasoline vehicle 

HPMS Highway Performance Monitoring System 

I/M inspection and maintenance 

LDDT light-duty diesel truck 

LDDV light-duty diesel vehicle 

LDGT light-duty gasoline truck 

LDGV light-duty gasoline vehicle 

LPG liquified petroleum gas 

LTO landing and takeoff 

MC motorcycle 

mg milligram 

NAPAP National Acid Precipitation Assessment Program 

NEI National Emission Inventory 

NH3 ammonia 

NOx oxides of nitrogen 

OTAQ Office of Transportation and Air Quality 

Pechan E.H. Pechan & Associates, Inc. 

PM2.5 particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter less than or equal to 2.5 micrometers 

PM10 particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter less than or equal to 10 micrometers 

ppmv parts per million volume 

RFG reformulated gasoline 

RVP Reid vapor pressure 

SCC source classification code 

S/L/T State/Local/Tribal 

SO2 sulfur dioxide 

USACE U.S. Army Corps of Engineers 

VISTAS Visibility Improvement-State and Tribal Association of the Southeast 

VMT vehicle miles traveled 

VOC volatile organic compound

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 Appendix D.5 - 8 

December 17, 2007
1 

I. INTRODUCTION/BACKGROUND 

The Visibility Improvement – State and Tribal Association of the Southeast (VISTAS) has 

contracted with E.H. Pechan & Associates, Inc. (Pechan) to prepare a 2002 mobile source 

emissions inventory. The purpose of this emissions inventory is to support the modeling and 

assessment of speciated particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter less than or equal to 2.5 

micrometers (PM2.5). Through this contract, Pechan first prepared an inventory review 

document. This document summarized several regional and national emission inventory efforts 

and identified strengths and weaknesses associated with the use of these inventories in regional 

haze modeling. This document also summarized data submittals by State and local air agencies 

within the VISTAS region that could be used in the VISTAS 2002 mobile source emissions 

inventory. 

Since that time, the State and local air agencies have updated their submittals for the mobile 

source sectors, including both onroad vehicles and nonroad engines. In July of 2003, Pechan 

delivered sets of inputs to the NONROAD model option files and MOBILE6.2 input files and 

vehicle miles traveled (VMT) data for each State and local agency to review. For the onroad 

sector, the MOBILE6.2 input files and VMT data represented Pechan’s processing of the State 

and local inputs in a consistent manner for use in calculating the 2002 onroad emissions 

inventory. The MOBILE6.2 input files and VMT data included as much of the local data 

supplied by the State and local agencies as possible, with missing information filled in with 

appropriate default data. The data delivered by Pechan for the State and local agencies to review 

related to the nonroad sector was primarily in the form of temperature and fuel data that would 

be used as inputs to the NONROAD model. It should be noted that the nonroad sector inputs 

were completed first and did not include some of the later temperature and fuel updates that did 

get incorporated in the onroad data. 

The State and local agencies were given a brief period to review, comment upon, and make 

updated submittals to the onroad and nonroad inputs that were delivered in July 2003. After 

receiving these comments and updated data, Pechan updated the appropriate MOBILE6.2 input 

files, VMT data, and nonroad inputs with the revised State and local data. Pechan then 

calculated 2002 onroad and nonroad emissions from these inputs. Pechan presented the 

preliminary results of these emission inventories at a VISTAS meeting on August 28, 2003. 

These draft August 2003 emission estimates, including inputs and methodology, were 

documented in a draft report circulated to VISTAS in October 2003. This October 2003 report 

also included documentation of draft 2002 refueling emissions from onroad and nonroad sources. 

The VISTAS States were asked to review this document, as well as the supporting files provided 

by Pechan, and provide comments or revisions by December 2003. Onroad and nonroad 2002 

emissions for the VISTAS States have since been calculated based on the updates provided by 

the States. This report documents the inputs and methodologies used in the February 2004 

version of the VISTAS 2002 onroad and nonroad mobile source emission inventories. 

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

 Appendix D.5 - 9 

December 17, 2007
2 

II. ONROAD METHODS AND DATA 

A. 2002 VMT DEVELOPMENT 

Table II-1 summarizes the type of VMT data submitted by each agency. Depending upon the 

data submitted by the individual State or agency, up to three different procedures were 

performed on the data. First, VMT data that were not provided at the annual level were 

converted from daily VMT to annual VMT. Second, VMT provided for years other than 2002 

were grown from the base year provided. Finally, the VMT were allocated by vehicle type, if 

not already at that level of detail. The section discusses each of these procedures in more detail. 

It should be noted that although the format and content of the VMT provided by the VISTAS 

State and Local agencies varied significantly from agency to agency, this draft 2002 VISTAS 

inventory is based at a minimum on county/roadway type specific VMT, as provided by the 

individual agencies. This is a significant improvement over the spatial allocation methods used 

in the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA’s) National Emission Inventory (NEI) for 

onroad vehicles. 

1. Conversion to Annual VMT 

For use in the emission calculations, Pechan’s ultimate goal with the VMT data was to develop 

an annual 2002 VMT database by county, roadway type, and vehicle type. As indicated in Table 

II-1, the VMT data were submitted using three different time periods: annual, average annual 

day, and summer day. No temporal adjustments were applied to VMT data submitted as annual 

VMT. VMT data submitted as average annual day VMT were multiplied by 365 to convert from 

an average day to the annual time period. The Jefferson County, Kentucky VMT were submitted 

as summer day VMT. All annual VMT values were converted to units of millions of miles per 

year. Therefore, any VMT values submitted as miles were divided by a factor of 1,000,000 and 

VMT values submitted in units of 1,000 miles were divided by a factor of 1,000. 

The Jefferson County, Kentucky VMT submittal included a single factor for converting the 

summer day VMT to average annual day VMT. Thus, the Jefferson County summer day VMT 

data were first multiplied by a factor of 0.97752 (the temporal conversion factor provided by 

Jefferson County) to obtain average annual day VMT. The VMT data were then multiplied by 

365 to obtain the annual VMT. 

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

 Appendix D.5 - 10 

December 17, 2007
3 

Table II-1. VMT Data Provided by State/Local Agencies 

State/Area 

Time 

Period 

2002 Actual 

VMT by 

County/Road 

Type/Vehicle 

Type 

2002 Actual 

VMT by 

County/Road 

Type 

2002 

Projected 

VMT by 

County/Road 

Type 

2002 VMT 

from TDM by 

County/Road 

Type/Vehicle 

Type 

1999 Actual 

VMT by 

County/Road 

Type/Vehicle 

Type 

Alabama AAD X 

Florida AAD X 

Georgia AAD X 

Kentucky AAD X 

Jefferson County, 

KY SD X 

Mississippi ANN X 

North Carolina AAD X 

South Carolina ANN X 

Tennessee AAD X 

Virginia ANN X 

West Virginia ANN X X 

Time Period Codes: AAD=Average Annual Day, SD=Summer Day, ANN=Annual 

2. Projection to 2002 

As indicated in Table II-1, the Virginia VMT submittal was for a base year of 1999 rather than 

2002. Thus, these VMT data needed to be projected to 2002 before calculating emissions. For 

Virginia, growth factors were developed by roadway type for the period from 1999 to 2001 

based on historical VMT data by roadway type from Table VM-2 “Functional System Travel” in 

DOT’s Highway Statistics series (DOT, 1999 and 2001). The growth factors, presented in Table 

II-2, were calculated by dividing Virginia’s 2001 VMT for each of the 12 roadway types from 

Highway Statistics 2001 by the corresponding 1999 VMT from Highway Statistics 1999. For the 

period from 2001 to 2002, the growth factors were developed using data obtained from the U.S. 

Department of Transportation’s Traffic Volume Trends report (DOT, 2002). This monthly 

publication provides a comparison of preliminary 2002 VMT estimates with comparable 2001 

VMT. For several roadway types, these data are provided only at a national level. However, for 

the combined rural interstates and arterials, these data are presented by State. The resultant data, 

used to project the 2001 Virginia VMT to 2002, are shown in Table II-2. The 2001 to 2002 

growth factors represent the 2002 VMT divided by the 2001 VMT, based on the data Virginia 

for the rural interstates and arterials and on the national data for the remaining roadway types. 

Once the growth factors were developed, the Virginia 1999 VMT data were first multiplied by 

the appropriate 1999 to 2001 growth factor and then by the appropriate 2001 to 2002 growth 

factor. 

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

 Appendix D.5 - 11 

December 17, 2007
4 

Table II-2. VMT Growth Factors Used for Virginia 

Roadway Type 

Roadway 

Type 

Portion of 

SCC 

Virginia 1999 

to 2001 VMT 

Growth Factor

Virginia 2001 

to 2002 VMT 

Growth Factor

Rural Interstate 110 1.043 1.035 

Rural Other Principal Arterial 130 1.050 1.035 

Rural Major Arterial 150 1.130 1.035 

Rural Major Collector 170 0.982 1.011 

Rural Minor Collector 190 1.032 1.011 

Rural Local 210 0.923 1.011 

Urban Interstate 230 1.050 1.024 

Urban Other Freeway & Expressway 250 0.984 1.011 

Urban Other Principal Arterial 270 1.061 1.011 

Urban Minor Arterial 290 0.991 1.011 

Urban Collector 310 0.925 1.013 

Urban Local 330 0.690 1.013 

Sources: U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, “Traffic Volume Trends, 

December 2002”, (http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/ohim/tvtw/tvtpage.htm); Highway Statistics 1999, and Highway 

Statistics 2001 (http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/policy/ohpi/hss/hsspubs.htm)

3. Splitting VMT by Road Type 

The final step in developing a consistent 2002 VMT data base was to allocate VMT from the 

county and roadway type level of detail to the county/roadway type/vehicle type level of detail. 

As shown in Table II-1, the Jefferson County, Kentucky; Mississippi; Virginia; and West 

Virginia VMT data supplied for these jurisdictions already included the vehicle type level of 

detail, so this final adjustment was not needed for these areas. For the remaining areas, some 

provided VMT mix by vehicle type fractions while others provided no information on the 

allocation of VMT by vehicle. In this latter case, default VMT fraction data from EPA’s 

MOBILE6 model were used. 

The States for which MOBILE6 default VMT mix data were used are: Alabama, Florida, 

Georgia, Kentucky (excluding Boone County, Campbell County, Kenton County, and Jefferson 

County), and South Carolina. It should be noted that Georgia initially provided VMT fractions 

based on Georgia's HPMS classification count data, but after review of ten years of these data 

determined that they are not reflecting the trend towards increasing travel by light trucks. 

Georgia therefore decided it was more conservative to assume MOBILE6 default VMT fractions. 

a. Allocation of VMT to Vehicle Type using Default VMT Mix Data 

To calculate 2002 VMT at the county/roadway type/vehicle type level using national default 

data, the VMT totals by county and roadway type need to be allocated among the 28 MOBILE6 

vehicle types. This was done based on the distribution of the 2001 rural and urban VMT among 

the six Highway Performance Monitoring Systems (HPMS) vehicle types found in Table VM-1 

(“Annual Vehicle Distance Traveled in Miles and Related Data - 1999 - by Highway Category 

and Vehicle Type”) of the Federal Highway Administration’s (FHWA’s) Highway Statistics 

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

 Appendix D.5 - 12 

December 17, 2007
5 

2001 (http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/ohim/ hs01/index.htm) and a mapping of these HPMS vehicle 

categories to the 28 MOBILE6 vehicle types. This mapping of the MOBILE6 vehicle types to 

the HPMS vehicle types was developed by EPA’s Office of Transportation and Air Quality 

(OTAQ) and is used in the development of the NEI. The data first needed to be expanded to the 

28 vehicle type level of detail to obtain the proper cross reference between the HPMS and 

MOBILE6 vehicle types since the eight vehicle types used in the final VISTAS VMT data base 

cannot be directly mapped to the HPMS vehicle categories. First, the VMT totals for each of the 

six HPMS vehicle categories were calculated as a fraction of the total VMT. This calculation 

was performed separately for the rural VMT and the urban VMT. The resulting 2001 VMT 

fractions for rural VMT and urban VMT are shown in Table II-3. Note that 2002 VMT are not 

yet available at this level of detail. Using the default MOBILE6 VMT fractions for 2001 (since 

the HPMS data represents 2001), taken from a MOBILE6 output file for 2001, the MOBILE6 

VMT fractions were renormalized among all MOBILE6 vehicle types mapped to a given HPMS 

vehicle category. This renormalization is shown in the final column of Table II-3. 

Table II-3. Allocation of VMT from HPMS Vehicle Categories to 

MOBILE6 Vehicle Types for 2001 

HPMS Vehicle Category 

HPMS 2001 

Rural VMT 

Fractions 

HPMS 2001 

Urban VMT 

Fractions 

MOBILE6 

Vehicle 

Category 

MOBILE6 2001 

VMT Fractions by 

HPMS Category 

Passenger Cars 0.5454 0.6065 LDGV 0.9980 

 LDDV 0.0020 

Motorcycles 0.0039 0.0031 MC 1.0000 

Other 2-Axle 4-Tire Vehicles 0.3368 0.3375 LDGT1 0.1565 

 LDGT2 0.5211 

LDGT3 0.1585 

LDGT4 0.0729 

LDDT12 0.0005 

LDDT34 0.0032 

HDGV2B 0.0658 

HDDV2B 0.0216 

Single-Unit 2-Axle 6-Tire or 

More Trucks 

0.0332 0.0212 HDGV3 0.0376 

 HDGV4 0.0206 

HDGV5 0.0436 

HDGV6 0.0934 

HDGV7 0.0437 

HDDV3 0.1023 

HDDV4 0.0867 

HDDV5 0.0380 

HDDV6 0.2138 

HDDV7 0.3205 

Combination Trucks 0.0770 0.0300 HDGV8A 0.0001 

 HDGV8B 0.0000 

HDDV8A 0.2191 

HDDV8B 0.7808 

Buses 0.0037 0.0017 HDGB 0.1920 

 HDDBT 0.3258 

HDDBS 0.4822 

Total 1.0000 1.0000 

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

 Appendix D.5 - 13 

December 17, 2007
6 

To calculate VMT by vehicle type, each VMT value representing a given county and road type 

was multiplied by the product of the HPMS VMT fraction (selected depending upon whether the 

road type represent VMT on rural or urban roads) and the corresponding MOBILE6 VMT 

fraction by HPMS category. This process resulted in 28 VMT values at the county/roadway 

type/vehicle type level of detail for each county/roadway type VMT value in the original VMT 

file. 

As an example, Table II-3 shows that the HPMS Passenger Car vehicle category accounts for 

54.54 percent of the total VMT on rural road types and that the MOBILE6 LDGV category 

accounts for 99.8 percent of the VMT in the HPMS Passenger Car category. Therefore, a VMT 

value representing rural interstates would be multiplied by 0.5454 times 0.9980 (0.5443), to 

obtain the VMT total on rural interstates from LDGVs. Once all county/roadway type VMT 

values were expanded to the corresponding set of values of VMT at the county/roadway type/28 

MOBILE6 vehicle type level of detail, the VMT data base was then totaled at the eight vehicle 

type level of detail (LDGV, LDGT1, LDGT2, HDGV, LDDV, LDDT, HDDV, MC). 

b. Allocation of VMT to Vehicle Type using State-Provided VMT Mix Data 

Both North Carolina and Tennessee provided VMT mix data at the eight vehicle type level of 

detail. The Tennessee data was provided for ten different county groupings, with a VMT mix 

provided for six aggregated roadway type categories. North Carolina provided statewide VMT 

mix fractions for each of the 12 roadway types. Since the VMT mix data for these two States 

were already at the eight vehicle type level, the procedure for allocating VMT by vehicle type 

was simpler than the procedure described above using the default data. Each county/roadway 

type VMT value was matched to the corresponding VMT mix for that county and roadway type 

and then separately multiplied by each of the eight VMT mix fractions to create eight VMT 

values by county/roadway type/vehicle type that would sum to the original VMT value at the 

county/roadway type level of detail. 

c. Allocation of VMT by Month 

The resulting annual county-level, vehicle, and roadway type-specific VMT data were 

temporally allocated to months during the emission calculations. National Acid Precipitation 

Assessment Program (NAPAP) temporal allocation factors were used to apportion the VMT to 

the four seasons. Monthly VMT data were obtained using a ratio between the number of days in 

a month and the number of days in the corresponding season. These temporal factors are shown 

in Table II-4. Several States provided some level of information on temporal adjustment factors 

for their VMT. These data were not used in this draft version of the 2002 VISTAS emission 

inventory due to time constraints. However, any State or locally supplied temporal adjustment 

factors will be included in the final version of the 2002 VISTAS onroad emission inventory.

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

 Appendix D.5 - 14 

December 17, 2007
7 

Table II-4. Default VMT Seasonal and Monthly Temporal Allocation Factors 

Roadway Seasonal VMT Factors Vehicle Type Roadway Type Winter Spring Summer Fall LDV,LDT,MC Rural 0.2160 0.2390 0.2890 0.2560LDV,LDT,MC Urban 0.2340 0.2550 0.2650 0.2450HDV All 0.2500 0.2500 0.2500 0.2500Monthly VMT FactorsVehicle Type Roadway Type Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec LDV,LDT,MC Rural 0.0744 0.0672 0.0805 0.0779 0.0805 0.0942 0.0974 0.0974 0.0844 0.0872 0.0844 0.0744LDV,LDT,MC Urban 0.0806 0.0728 0.0859 0.0832 0.0859 0.0864 0.0893 0.0893 0.0808 0.0835 0.0808 0.0806HDV All 0.0861 0.0778 0.0842 0.0815 0.0842 0.0815 0.0842 0.0842 0.0842 0.0852 0.0824 0.0861

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

 Appendix D.5 - 15 

December 17, 2007
8 

B. 2002 ONROAD EMISSION FACTOR DEVELOPMENT USING 

MOBILE6.2 

The onroad emission factors used in the calculation of the VISTAS 2002 onroad emission 

inventory were generated using EPA’s MOBILE6.2 emission factor model. In the development 

of the MOBILE6.2 input files, Pechan attempted to include as much of the relevant data supplied 

by the State and local agencies as possible, while at the same time, maintaining a generally 

similar overall structure to the MOBILE6.2 input files, such that the output emission factors 

could easily be matched to the appropriate VMT values. This section first discusses the overall 

general structure of the MOBILE6.2 input files. This is followed by details explaining how this 

general structure was adapted to include the State and local agency data and summaries of the 

types of data provided by each agency. 

1. General MOBILE6.2 File Structure 

Each MOBILE6.2 input file is divided into three sections: the header section, the run data 

section, and the scenario section. Information contained in the header section is primarily related 

to defining the output format and content desired by the user. For the processing of the VISTAS 

emission calculations, the database output format, aggregated to the daily level, was the desired 

output format. In addition, for proper modeling of the VOC emissions, it was desired to 

calculate the exhaust VOC emissions separately from the evaporative VOC emissions. However, 

within the constraints of MOBILE6.2 in the daily aggregated database output format, it is not 

possible to obtain evaporative and exhaust VOC emission factors broken out separately within 

each scenario. It is also not possible to obtain emission factors for both PM10 and PM2.5 within a 

single MOBILE6.2 scenario. Therefore, two sets of MOBILE6.2 input files were created—one 

set to model VOC exhaust, NOx, CO, SO2, PM10, and NH3 emission factors and a second set to 

model VOC evaporative and PM2.5 emission factors. Figure II-1 illustrates the header section of 

a sample VISTAS MOBILE6.2 input file used to generate the VOC exhaust, NOx, CO, SO2, 

PM10, and NH3 emission factors. Similarly, Figure II-2 illustrates the header section of a sample 

VISTAS MOBILE6.2 input file used to generate the VOC evaporative and PM2.5 emission 

factors. The primary difference between these two header sections is in the selection of the 

emission types included, using the DATABASE EMISSIONS command and in the selection of 

the pollutants to be included in the output. In Figure II-1, having the first two flags set to “2” 

following the DATABASE EMISSIONS command indicates that the startup and running 

exhaust emission factor components will be included in the output emission factor table. In 

Figure II-2, the last six flags of the DATABASE EMISSIONS command line are set to “2” to 

obtain the evaporative emission factor components in the emission factor output file. In Figure 

II-2, the pollutants SO2 and NH3 are eliminated from the PARTICULATES command line, as the 

emission factors for these pollutants will be reported in the output file resulting from the file 

shown in Figure II-1. 

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

 Appendix D.5 - 16 

December 17, 2007
9 

MOBILE6 INPUT FILE : 

> HEADER 01 0012002 - EXHAUST - PM 10.0 

 

REPORT FILE : Vistas02/Output02/V0100110.TXT REPLACE 

DATABASE OUTPUT : 

WITH FIELDNAMES : 

DAILY OUTPUT : 

DATABASE EMISSIONS : 2211 1111 

PARTICULATES : SO4 OCARBON ECARBON GASPM LEAD SO2 NH3 BRAKE TIRE 

AGGREGATED OUTPUT : 

EMISSIONS TABLE : Vistas02/TB1_02/V0100110.TB1 REPLACE 

 

MOBILE6 INPUT FILE : 

> HEADER 01 0012002 - EVAPORATIVE - PM 2.50 

 

REPORT FILE : Vistas02/Output02/V0100125.TXT REPLACE 

DATABASE OUTPUT : 

WITH FIELDNAMES : 

DAILY OUTPUT : 

DATABASE EMISSIONS : 1122 2222 

POLLUTANTS : HC 

PARTICULATES : ECARBON SO4 OCARBON GASPM LEAD BRAKE TIRE 

AGGREGATED OUTPUT : 

EMISSIONS TABLE : Vistas02/TB1_02/V0100125.TB1 REPLACE 

The next section of the MOBILE6 input files is the run data section. This section includes data 

that applies to all scenarios in the input file. Figure II-3 shows an example of this section for a 

county using default data. The only commands included in this example tell MOBILE6 that the 

HC emission factors should be expressed in terms of VOC and that refueling emission factors 

should be excluded from the output. It should be noted that refueling emissions were calculated 

using a separate set of input files, but were excluded from the onroad input files here since 

refueling emissions are included in the area source inventory rather than the onroad inventory. 

Chapter IV discusses the onroad refueling MOBILE6 input files and emission calculations. 

Comments in Figure II-3 indicate that this input file is using default registration distributions and 

diesel sales fractions. For any input files that represent counties for which registration 

distribution, diesel sales fractions, or trip length distributions have been provided or that have an 

inspection and maintenance (I/M) program, anti-tampering program (ATP), or low emission 

vehicle program in place in 2002, additional inputs are required in the run data section of the 

MOBILE6.2 input file. Figure II-4 shows an example of an input file including all of these data. 

Some of these data inputs are included directly in the MOBILE6.2 input file, while other data are 

contained in external text files that are named by the commands in the run data section. For 

questions regarding the specifics of any of the MOBILE6 input commands listed, the MOBILE6 

User’s Guide should be consulted. 

Figure II-1. Header Section of MOBILE6.2 Input File Including VOC Exhaust and 

PM10 Emission Factors 

Figure II-2. Header Section of MOBILE6.2 Input File Including VOC Evaporative 

and PM2.5 Emission Factors 

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

 Appendix D.5 - 17 

December 17, 2007
10 

RUN DATA : 

> 

 

EXPRESS HC AS VOC : 

NO REFUELING : 

* MOBILE6 Default Registration Distributions Applied 

* MOBILE6 Default Diesel Sales Fractions Applied 

RUN DATA : 

> 

 

EXPRESS HC AS VOC : 

NO REFUELING : 

REG DIST : Vistas02\ExtFiles\R02_ARLI.RDT 

* Diesel Sales Fractions Source File - 

E:\TrendsM6_New\Vistas02\ExtFiles\D02_ARLI.DSF 

DIESEL FRACTIONS : 

0.0012 0.0023 0.0026 0.0027 0.0029 0.0015 0.0008 0.0011 0.0001 0.0006 

0.0013 0.0015 0.0006 0.0014 0.0006 0.0099 0.0087 0.0446 0.0685 0.0857 

0.1922 0.1481 0.1132 0.0959 0.0126 

0.0056 0.0221 0.0167 0.0235 0.0126 0.0119 0.0206 0.0136 0.0155 0.0127 

0.0246 0.0206 0.0222 0.0184 0.0227 0.0115 0.0310 0.0568 0.0508 0.1211 

0.1077 0.2126 0.0711 0.0286 0.0176 

0.0056 0.0221 0.0167 0.0235 0.0126 0.0119 0.0206 0.0136 0.0155 0.0127 

0.0246 0.0206 0.0222 0.0184 0.0227 0.0115 0.0310 0.0568 0.0508 0.1211 

0.1077 0.2126 0.0711 0.0286 0.0176 

0.0126 0.0126 0.0126 0.0126 0.0126 0.0126 0.0126 0.0115 0.0111 0.0145 

0.0115 0.0129 0.0096 0.0083 0.0072 0.0082 0.0124 0.0135 0.0169 0.0209 

0.0256 0.0013 0.0006 0.0011 0.0001 

0.0126 0.0126 0.0126 0.0126 0.0126 0.0126 0.0126 0.0115 0.0111 0.0145 

0.0115 0.0129 0.0096 0.0083 0.0072 0.0082 0.0124 0.0135 0.0169 0.0209 

0.0256 0.0013 0.0006 0.0011 0.0001 

0.1998 0.1998 0.1998 0.1998 0.1998 0.1998 0.1998 0.2578 0.2515 0.3263 

0.2784 0.2963 0.2384 0.2058 0.1756 0.1958 0.2726 0.2743 0.3004 0.2918 

0.2859 0.0138 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 

0.6774 0.6774 0.6774 0.6774 0.6774 0.6774 0.6774 0.7715 0.7910 0.8105 

0.8068 0.8280 0.8477 0.7940 0.7488 0.7789 0.7842 0.6145 0.5139 0.5032 

0.4277 0.0079 0.0000 0.0000 0.0001 

0.8606 0.8606 0.8606 0.8606 0.8606 0.8606 0.8606 0.8473 0.8048 0.8331 

0.7901 0.7316 0.7275 0.7158 0.5647 0.3178 0.2207 0.1968 0.1570 0.0738 

0.0341 0.0414 0.0003 0.0000 0.0000 

0.4647 0.4647 0.4647 0.4647 0.4647 0.4647 0.4647 0.4384 0.3670 0.4125 

0.3462 0.2771 0.2730 0.2616 0.1543 0.0615 0.0383 0.0333 0.0255 0.0111 

0.0049 0.0060 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 

0.6300 0.6300 0.6300 0.6300 0.6300 0.6300 0.6300 0.6078 0.5246 0.5767 

Figure II-3. Run Data Section of a MOBILE6.2 Input File

Figure II-4. Run Data Section of a MOBILE6.2 Input File with Significant Local 

Inputs 

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

 Appendix D.5 - 18 

December 17, 2007
11 

0.5289 0.5788 0.5617 0.4537 0.4216 0.4734 0.4705 0.4525 0.4310 0.3569 

0.3690 0.4413 0.3094 0.1679 0.1390 

0.8563 0.8563 0.8563 0.8563 0.8563 0.8563 0.8563 0.8443 0.7943 0.8266 

0.7972 0.8279 0.8177 0.7440 0.7184 0.7588 0.7567 0.7431 0.7261 0.6602 

0.6717 0.7344 0.6107 0.4140 0.3610 

0.9992 0.9992 0.9992 0.9992 0.9992 0.9992 0.9992 0.9989 0.9987 0.9989 

0.9977 0.9984 0.9982 0.9979 0.9969 0.9978 0.9980 0.9979 0.9976 0.9969 

0.9978 0.9982 0.9974 0.9965 0.9964 

1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 

1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 

1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 

0.9585 0.9585 0.9585 0.9585 0.9585 0.9585 0.9585 0.8857 0.8525 0.8795 

0.9900 0.9105 0.8760 0.7710 0.7502 0.7345 0.6733 0.5155 0.3845 0.3238 

0.3260 0.2639 0.0594 0.0460 0.0291 

 

> ANTI-TAMP PROG : E:\TrendsM6_New\Vistas02\ExtFiles\VA_ATP2002.ATP 

ANTI-TAMP PROG : 

89 68 50 22222 21111111 1 12 098. 22112222 

> Exhaust I/M - IDLE test program #1 

I/M PROGRAM : 1 1983 2050 2 TRC 2500/IDLE 

I/M MODEL YEARS : 1 1968 1980 

I/M VEHICLES : 1 22222 21111111 1 

I/M STRINGENCY : 1 35.0 

I/M COMPLIANCE : 1 98.0 

I/M WAIVER RATES : 1 2.0 2.0 

 

> Exhaust I/M - ASM final program #2 

I/M PROGRAM : 2 1983 2050 2 TRC ASM 2525/5015 PHASE-IN 

I/M MODEL YEARS : 2 1981 2050 

I/M VEHICLES : 2 22222 11111111 1 

I/M STRINGENCY : 2 35.0 

I/M COMPLIANCE : 2 98.0 

I/M WAIVER RATES : 2 2.0 2.0 

I/M EFFECTIVENESS : 0.94 0.94 0.94 

 

> Exhaust I/M - IDLE test program #1 

I/M PROGRAM : 3 1983 2050 2 TRC 2500/IDLE 

I/M MODEL YEARS : 3 1981 2050 

I/M VEHICLES : 3 11111 21111111 1 

I/M STRINGENCY : 3 35.0 

I/M COMPLIANCE : 3 98.0 

I/M WAIVER RATES : 3 2.0 2.0 

 

> Evap I/M - Gas Cap test program #3 

I/M PROGRAM : 4 1998 2050 2 TRC GC 

I/M MODEL YEARS : 4 1973 2050 

I/M VEHICLES : 4 22222 21111111 1 

I/M COMPLIANCE : 4 98.0 

I/M WAIVER RATES : 4 2.0 2.0 

 

94+ LDG IMP : Vistas02\ExtFiles\NLEVNE.D 

> WeekDay Trip Length Distribution 

WE DA TRI LEN DI : Vistas02\ExtFiles\WeekTLD2.wdt 

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

 Appendix D.5 - 19 

December 17, 2007
12 

The third and final section of the MOBILE6.2 input files contains the scenario data. For this 

VISTAS inventory, each speed and road type combination or speed distribution were modeled in 

twelve consecutive scenarios representing the temperature and fuel properties applicable in each 

month. Thus, if a State agency supplied an average speed/road type combination for each of the 

12 HPMS road categories, the corresponding MOBILE6.2 input file would have 144 scenarios. 

The first scenario would represent January temperature and fuel conditions at the speed and 

MOBILE6 roadway type for the first speed/roadway type provided (typically rural interstates). 

This would be followed by the February scenario modeled for the same speed and roadway type, 

and so on through the twelfth scenario representing December conditions for the same speed and 

roadway type combination. 

Figure II-5 illustrates a sample scenario from one of the VISTAS MOBILE6.2 input files. This 

is the first scenario in the file—therefore, it represents January temperature and fuel conditions. 

The month of a given scenario in the VISTAS MOBILE6.2 input files can be determined by the 

last two digits of the SCENARIO RECORD command line. In this case, the last two digits are 

“01” indicating January. It should be noted that the only options for the EVALUATION 

MONTH command are “1” indicating January or “7” indicating July. For the VISTAS input 

files, the EVALUATION MONTH was set to “1” for all months from January through June and 

to 7 for months from July through December. When this flag is set to “1”, it indicates that 

MOBILE6 will use a January registration distribution. When the flag is set to “7”, MOBILE6 

ages the registration by a half year, applying a half year of fleet turnover to the distribution. The 

EVALUATION MONTH setting can also affect the reductions from reformulated gas programs. 

However, by including the SEASON command, as shown in Figure II-5, the EVALUATION 

MONTH flag setting will not affect reformulated gasoline reductions. With the SEASON flag 

set to “2”, winter reformulated gasoline rules will be applied in areas with a reformulated gas 

program modeled (using the FUEL PROGRAM command). Summer reformulated gas rules and 

reductions will be applied when the SEASON flag is set to “1” if reformulated gas has been 

modeled. In all of the VISTAS input files, the SEASON flag was included for all areas, whether 

or not a reformulated gasoline program was modeled. This flag has no effect when the FUEL 

PROGRAM command is not used. The SEASON flag was set to “1” for the months of May 

through September and to “2” for the remaining months. 

SCENARIO RECORD : 010010215.0_M01 

>FV FILE: SCENARIO: 1 

CALENDAR YEAR : 2002 

EVALUATION MONTH : 1 

MIN/MAX TEMPERATURE: 38.0 60.0 

ALTITUDE : 1 

PARTICULATE EF : PMGZML.CSV PMGDR1.CSV PMGDR2.CSV PMDZML.CSV PMDDR1.CSV 

PMDDR2.CSV 

SEASON : 2 

AVERAGE SPEED : 15.0 Arterial 

FUEL RVP : 12.5 

PARTICLE SIZE : 10.0 

DIESEL SULFUR : 500.0 

Figure II-5. Sample Scenario for a Typical MOBILE6.2 Input File

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

 Appendix D.5 - 20 

December 17, 2007
13 

Local speed data were provided by the agencies in Georgia, Kentucky, North Carolina, 

Tennessee, and Virginia. A set of 12 monthly scenarios was developed for each speed input for 

these States, with one exception. The Northern Kentucky (Boone County, Campbell County, 

and Kenton County) and Jefferson County, Kentucky inputs were speed distribution files, rather 

than average speeds by individual roadway types (one for Northern Kentucky and one for 

Jefferson County, Kentucky). In this case, only 12 scenarios were modeled in total in the 

Jefferson County and Northern Kentucky input files, with the Jefferson County or Northern 

Kentucky speed distribution referenced in each scenario, respectively. No speed information 

was provided for Alabama, Florida, Mississippi, South Carolina, or West Virginia. The average 

speeds modeled in these files were the default speeds used in the NEI. These speeds are shown 

in Table II-5 and vary by both roadway type and vehicle category. It should be noted that 

several agencies provided speed information for ramps. Since the VMT data file is organized by 

SCC and no SCC currently exists for ramp VMT, the ramp speed information could not be used 

directly. In some cases, the fraction of VMT occurring on ramps was provided. In these cases, 

this information was combined with the freeway speeds, following the guidance in the 

MOBILE6 user’s guide to determine the overall freeway speed including the ramp speed, at 34.6 

mph (the assumed value for ramp speeds in MOBILE6), and the fraction of VMT occurring on 

the ramps. 

Table II-5. Default Speeds Modeled by Road Type and Vehicle Type 

(mph) 

Speed (mph) and MOBILE6 Road Type 

HPMS Road Type 

Light Duty 

Vehicles 

Light Duty 

Trucks 

Heavy Duty 

Trucks 

Rural Interstate 60 Freeway 55 Freeway 40 Freeway 

Rural Principal Arterial 45 Arterial 45 Arterial 35 Arterial 

Rural Minor Arterial 40 Arterial 40 Arterial 30 Arterial 

Rural Major Collector 35 Arterial 35 Arterial 25 Arterial 

Rural Minor Collector 30 Arterial 30 Arterial 25 Arterial 

Rural Local 30 Arterial 30 Arterial 25 Arterial 

Urban Interstate 45 Freeway 45 Freeway 35 Freeway 

Urban Other Freeway and Expressway 45 Freeway 45 Freeway 35 Freeway 

Urban Principal Arterial 20 Arterial 20 Arterial 15 Arterial 

Urban Minor Arterial 20 Arterial 20 Arterial 15 Arterial 

Urban Collector 20 Arterial 20 Arterial 15 Arterial 

Urban Local Local Local Local 

Another optional input included in the scenario section of the MOBILE6 input files is the VMT 

mix by 16 MOBILE6 vehicle categories. These vehicle categories are based on the 28 

MOBILE6 vehicle categories, but with gasoline and diesel vehicles of the same weight class 

combined together. When no information was provided on VMT mix, the MOBILE6 defaults 

were used. Local VMT mix information provided by Tennessee, Virginia, and Jefferson County, 

Kentucky were included in the MOBILE6.2 input files. In some cases, the same VMT mix was 

applied to all scenarios. In other cases, the VMT mixes were specific to roadway type, so the 

VMT mix would vary according to the roadway type being represented in the scenario. 

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

 Appendix D.5 - 21 

December 17, 2007
14 

C. 2002 ONROAD EMISSION INVENTORY CALCULATIONS 

Once the MOBILE6.2 input files were set up and run through the MOBILE6.2 model, onroad 

emissions were calculated by multiplying the monthly VMT for a given county, roadway type, 

and vehicle type by the emission factor modeled for the same month, county, vehicle type and 

roadway type. Because the MOBILE6.2 input files were set up to create output files in the form 

of database tables, the output is provided by each of the 28 MOBILE6 vehicle types. Thus, the 

emission factors first were aggregated to the eight vehicle categories included in the VMT files. 

This was done using the VMT Fraction data provided in each of the MOBILE6 output files. For 

each of the MOBILE6 vehicle types included in one of the eight vehicle types needed, the VMT 

fractions were renormalized within that category. These eight vehicle categories are sometimes 

referred to as the MOBILE5 vehicle categories. For example, the LDGT1 and LDGT2 

MOBILE6 vehicle categories are both included in the MOBILE5 LDGT1 category. In this case, 

the MOBILE6 LDGT1 VMT fraction was divided by the sum of the MOBILE6 LDGT1 and 

LDGT2 VMT fractions. The same was done with the MOBILE6 LDGT2 VMT fraction, so that 

the renormalized MOBILE6 LDGT1 and LDGT2 VMT fractions should now sum to 1. Next, 

these normalized VMT fractions were multiplied by the corresponding MOBILE6 emission 

factor and all of these weighted emission factors for a given scenario, within a MOBILE5 vehicle 

category were summed to obtain the weighted emission factors at the MOBILE5 vehicle 

category level. The VMT fractions included in the MOBILE6 output files are affected by the 

registration distribution, diesel sales fractions, and VMT mixes supplied in the MOBILE6.2 

input files. Areas that used the MOBILE6 defaults for each of these inputs should all have the 

same VMT fractions, although even in these cases, there are two sets of VMT fractions—one for 

the months from January through June and another for the months July through December. This 

occurs due to the aging of the registration distribution caused by the use of the EVALUATION 

MONTH flag, as discussed above. These emission factors, now at the MOBILE5 vehicle 

category level, were multiplied by the corresponding VMT values to obtain monthly emissions 

by county, roadway type, and vehicle category. 

D. DATA PROVIDED BY STATE AND LOCAL AGENCIES 

The sections above describe some of the data that was supplied by the VISTAS State and local 

agencies for use in the development of the 2002 onroad emission inventory. Tables II-6 through 

II-15 summarize the data supplied by each agency in a consistent fashion. These tables primarily 

list the data that were actually used in this analysis. This section provides additional information 

on the data supplied by these agencies as well discussing why some of the data supplied could 

not be used. 

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

 Appendix D.5 - 22 

December 17, 2007
15 

Table II-6. Summary of Onroad Data Provided by Alabama 

 

Data Element Data Supplied by Responsible Agency 

VMT Data 2002 actual daily VMT by county/road type 

MOBILE6 Input Files 

MOBILE5 Input Files 

VMT Mix Information 

Counties by Temperature Region 

Monthly Temperatures Monthly 2002 temperatures by county 

RVP Data March-September RVP values 

Speed Data 

Registration Data 

Fuel Information 

I/M Program Information N/A 

Other 

Table II-7. Summary of Onroad Data Provided by Florida 

 

Data Element Data Supplied by Responsible Agency 

VMT Data 2002 actual daily VMT by county/road type 

MOBILE6 Input Files 

MOBILE5 Input Files 

VMT Mix Information 

Counties by Temperature Region Supplied counties in each of 3 temperature regions 

Monthly Temperatures 

RVP Data Summer RVP values provided 

Speed Data 

Registration Data 

Fuel Information 

I/M Program Information N/A 

Other 

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

 Appendix D.5 - 23 

December 17, 2007
16 

Table II-8. Summary of Onroad Data Provided by Georgia 

 

Data Element Data Supplied by Responsible Agency 

VMT Data 2002 actual average annual daily VMT by county and 

functional classification prepared by Georgia DOT 

MOBILE6 Input Files Provided MOBILE6 sample input files 

MOBILE5 Input Files 

VMT Mix Information 

Counties by Temperature Region 

Monthly Temperatures 

RVP Data Provided summer RVP values 

Speed Data Provided 2002 statewide speeds by road type (speeds 

based on VMT-weighted average speeds, from a 2002 

loaded highway network for the 13-county Atlanta area) 

Registration Data Provided one MOBILE6 registration distribution for 13-

county Atlanta area and one MOBILE6 registration 

distribution for rest-of-state 

Fuel Information Provided information on Georgia gasoline program, 

applied to 25 counties 

I/M Program Information Provided I/M inputs for 13-county Atlanta area in 

MOBILE6 format 

Other Provided VMT temporal adjustment factors by month and 

day of week for each road type (not used in the 01/04 

inventory) 

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

 Appendix D.5 - 24 

December 17, 2007
17 

Table II-9. Summary of Onroad Data Provided by Kentucky

 

Data Element Data Supplied by Responsible Agency 

VMT Data 2002 actual daily VMT by county/road type 

MOBILE6 Input Files Provided sample MOBILE6 input files for several counties 

MOBILE5 Input Files 

VMT Mix Information 

Counties by Temperature 

Region Provided temperature stations to be used for several counties 

Monthly Temperatures 

RVP Data Provided summer RVP for several counties 

Speed Data Provided average speed by road type for several county groupings 

Registration Data 

Fuel Information Verified counties in reformulated gasoline program 

I/M Program Information I/M program information provided 

Other 

Jefferson County, Kentucky 

Data Element Data Supplied by Responsible Agency 

VMT Data 2002 summer day VMT from TDM by county/road type/vehicle type 

MOBILE6 Input Files 

Provided MOBILE6 input files representing the four different vehicle 

control combinations found in Jefferson County 

MOBILE5 Input Files 

VMT Mix Information Provided Jefferson County VMT mix in MOBILE6 format 

Counties by Temperature 

Region 

Monthly Temperatures Provided 2002 actual monthly temperature data for Louisville area 

RVP Data Provided summer and winter RVP values 

Speed Data Provided speed distribution file for Jefferson County 

Registration Data 

Provided registration distribution for Jefferson County in MOBILE6 

format 

Fuel Information Reformulated gasoline modeled 

I/M Program Information I/M program information provided 

Other Provided absolute humidity data 

Boone County, Campbell County, and Kenton County, Kentucky 

Data Element Data Supplied by Responsible Agency 

VMT Data 2002 actual daily VMT by county/road type 

MOBILE6 Input Files 

MOBILE5 Input Files Provided MOBILE5 input file for Northern Kentucky counties 

VMT Mix Information 

Counties by Temperature 

Region 

Monthly Temperatures 

RVP Data Provided summer and winter RVP values 

Speed Data Provided speed distribution file for Northern Kentucky 

Registration Data 

Provided registration distribution for Northern Kentucky in MOBILE6 

format—LDGVs and LDGT1s only 

Fuel Information Reformulated gasoline modeled 

I/M Program Information I/M program information extracted from MOBILE5 input file 

Other 

Provided Northern Kentucky VMT distributions by facility type and 

by hour in MOBILE6 format 

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

 Appendix D.5 - 25 

December 17, 2007
18 

Table II-10. Summary of Onroad Data Provided by Mississippi 

 

Data Element Data Supplied by Responsible Agency 

VMT Data Provided 2002 actual annual VMT by county/road type/vehicle type 

MOBILE6 Input Files 

MOBILE5 Input Files 

VMT Mix Information 

Counties by Temperature 

Region 

Monthly Temperatures 

RVP Data Provided statewide RVP by season 

Speed Data 

Registration Data 

Fuel Information 

I/M Program Information N/A 

Other 

Table II-11. Summary of Onroad Data Provided by North Carolina 

 

Data Element Data Supplied by Responsible Agency 

VMT Data 2002 actual daily VMT by county/road type 

MOBILE6 Input Files 

MOBILE5 Input Files 

VMT Mix Information 

Counties by Temperature Region Indicated counties within each of several 

temperature regions in state 

Monthly Temperatures 

RVP Data 

Speed Data Provided average speed data by road type for 

several groups of counties and rest-of-state 

Registration Data Provided registration data for several groups of 

counties and rest-of-state based on 2001 data 

Fuel Information 

I/M Program Information Provided written description of I/M program 

Other 

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

 Appendix D.5 - 26 

December 17, 2007
19 

Table II-12. Summary of Onroad Data Provided by South Carolina 

 

Data Element Data Supplied by Responsible Agency 

VMT Data 2002 actual annual VMT by county/road type 

MOBILE6 Input Files 

MOBILE5 Input Files 

VMT Mix Information 

Counties by Temperature Region Supplied counties in each of 7 temperature regions 

Monthly Temperatures 

RVP Data 

Speed Data 

Registration Data 

Fuel Information 

I/M Program Information N/A 

Other 

Table II-13. Summary of Onroad Data Provided by Tennessee 

 

Data Element Data Supplied by Responsible Agency 

VMT Data 2002 actual daily VMT by county/road type 

MOBILE6 Input Files 

Provided MOBILE6 input files for groups of counties 

covering state 

MOBILE5 Input Files 

VMT Mix Information Provided VMT mix fractions by road type 

Counties by Temperature Region 

Monthly Temperatures 

RVP Data Provided summer RVP information 

Speed Data 

Provided average speed data by road type for 

groups of counties 

Registration Data Provided registration data for most counties 

Fuel Information 

I/M Program Information Provided in MOBILE6 input files 

Other 

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

 Appendix D.5 - 27 

December 17, 2007
20 

Table II-14. Summary of Onroad Data Provided by Virginia 

 

Data Element Data Supplied by Responsible Agency 

VMT Data 1999 actual annual VMT by county/road type/vehicle type 

MOBILE6 Input Files Provided MOBILE6 input files for representative counties 

MOBILE5 Input Files 

VMT Mix Information 

Counties by 

Temperature Region 

Provided listing of counties within each of several temperature 

regions 

Monthly Temperatures 

RVP Data Provided summer RVP data 

Speed Data Speed data provided for each VMT record 

Registration Data 2002 county-level registration data provided for nonattainment 

counties 

Fuel Information Verified counties in reformulated gasoline program 

I/M Program Information I/M and ATP inputs provided in MOBILE6 formats; verified counties 

that implement I/M 

Other LEV progam modeled statewide; provided diesel sales fractions 

Table II-15. Summary of Onroad Data Provided by West Virginia 

 

Data Element Data Supplied by Responsible Agency 

VMT Data 2002 actual annual VMT by county/road 

type/vehicle type 

MOBILE6 Input Files Supplied several sample MOBILE6 input 

files 

MOBILE5 Input Files 

VMT Mix Information VMT data included vehicle type splits 

Counties by Temperature Region Supplied counties in each of 4 

temperature regions 

Monthly Temperatures 

RVP Data Supplied summer RVP value statewide 

Speed Data Supplied speed data in MOBILE6 input 

files--speed data determined to be 

inappropriate for this analysis 

Registration Data 

Fuel Information 

I/M Program Information N/A 

Other 

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

 Appendix D.5 - 28 

December 17, 2007
21 

1. Temperature 

The default average daily maximum and minimum temperature data for each month used in this 

analysis was obtained from the National Climatic Data Center. This temperature data was actual 

2002 data. It should be noted that a number of agencies provided information on ozone season 

or summer temperatures. This information could not be used in this analysis, as the ozone 

season temperature data are based on several years of temperature data and do not represent the 

average daily minimum and maximum monthly temperatures that were needed for this analysis. 

Information was provided by Alabama, Kentucky, North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia, and 

West Virginia related to monthly temperature. In some cases, this data divided the counties 

within the State into several temperature regions and listing a city that should be used for 

obtaining the temperature data. In these cases, a temperature station from the National Climatic 

Data Center database was selected from the desired city, and this corresponding temperature set 

was applied to the counties listed by the States. Several of the States provided their own full set 

of 2002 temperature data either Statewide or by county. These data were included in the 

analysis, replacing the default temperature data for those States. 

2. I/M and ATP Programs 

Several agencies provided I/M and ATP inputs in the form of MOBILE5 input files. Pechan 

converted these inputs to MOBILE6 inputs, following the guidance in the MOBILE6 user’s 

guide. Agencies that provided the data in MOBILE5 format should review the MOBILE6 I/M 

and ATP inputs carefully to make sure that the conversions fully capture the actual programs as 

they were implemented in 2002. In addition, from information provided by North Carolina, 

Tennessee, and Jefferson County, Kentucky, the I/M and ATP programs should only be applied 

to a portion of the VMT in the corresponding counties. For the North Carolina and Tennessee 

I/M counties, duplicate MOBILE6.2 input files were created that eliminate the I/M and ATP 

programs. The VMT from these counties was divided according to the fraction of the VMT 

subject to I/M and the fraction of the VMT not subject to I/M. These fractions were provided by 

the corresponding agencies in North Carolina and Tennessee. The VMT data for each I/M 

county was then divided according to these VMT fractions to obtain one set of VMT for the 

portion of vehicles subject to I/M and another set for those not subject to I/M. The emission 

factors from the I/M files were multiplied by the portion of the VMT subject to I/M while the 

emission factors from the files without the I/M were multiplied by the remaining portion of the 

VMT. In Jefferson County, Kentucky, a similar procedure was followed. However, in this case, 

the county also has a significant portion of VMT from vehicles registered in Indiana that are not 

subject to I/M or that do not have reformulated gasoline. Thus, the Jefferson County VMT was 

divided into four subsets and four MOBILE6 input files were developed representing the four 

groups of vehicle types traveling in the county. 

3. RVP and Fuel Programs 

Default RVP by county and month were obtained from the data used in the 2002 NEI. The NEI 

fuel data are based on year 2000 fuel survey data for January and July, with data for intermediate 

months calculated by interpolation. RVP data for July were applied from May through 

September, the months when Phase II RVP regulations are in effect. For States that supplied 

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

 Appendix D.5 - 29 

December 17, 2007
22 

July, summer, or ozone season RVP values, these values were also applied from May through 

September. If winter RVP values were supplied, these values were applied directly in each of 

the remaining months. As mentioned above, reformulated gasoline programs were modeled 

where appropriate. Georgia provided additional fuel inputs to capture the RVP and sulfur 

content values of its low sulfur gasoline program. 

 

III. NONROAD METHODS AND DATA 

A. NONROAD MODEL CATEGORIES 

Pechan used EPA’s draft NONROAD2002a model to generate 2002 annual emissions for the 

majority of nonroad engines. To improve the accuracy of these model runs, we asked State/ 

Local/Tribal (S/L/T) contacts to provide seasonal or monthly gasoline Reid Vapor Pressure 

(RVP) and temperature; appropriate data on reformulated gasoline (RFG), oxygenated fuel and 

Stage II programs, and diesel fuel sulfur levels. In addition, to improve the activity data inputs, 

we asked whether S/L/T agencies had collected information on equipment populations or activity 

(e.g., hours of use or load factors) to use in place of default populations in the NONROAD 

model. No S/L/T agencies provided activity data to replace the model defaults. 

Seasonal average RVP and average, maximum and minimum temperature values were calculated 

based on the county-level, monthly RVP and temperature data set prepared for onroad mobile 

sources. Information on RFG programs and oxygenated fuels programs obtained for the onroad 

mobile sector was also used. In July 2003, Pechan distributed the input values (RVP, percent 

O2, temperature, and Stage II control efficiency) to be used for the draft NONROAD model 

2002 inventory for review and comment by the VISTAS S/L/T agencies. Pechan obtained 

comments from the S/L/T agencies listed in Table III-1. 

Table III-1. Summary of Comments by S/L/T Agencies on NONROAD Model Input 

Values Distributed in July 2003 

State Comment 

Alabama Provided region specific data to replace the statewide default values for RVP and 

ambient temperature 

Georgia Changed oxygen weight percent to zero for all counties 

Kentucky No Stage II programs in Bullitt and Oldham Counties 

Tennessee Revised RVP value for Davidson County 

Mississippi Revised statewide RVP by season 

Virginia No Stage II program in Charles City County 

Additional comments on the August 2003 NONROAD model temperature and RVP inputs were 

incorporated for consistency with data submitted for the onroad mobile modeling (e.g., North 

Carolina). In addition, the State of West Virginia provided revised geographic allocation files 

for certain nonroad categories to improve upon the NONROAD model’s default county 

allocation. 

Using the inputs shown in the file “VISTAS NONROAD County Inputs.xls,” Pechan prepared 

seasonal option files for each of four seasons (winter, spring, summer, and autumn), and ran the 

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

 Appendix D.5 - 30 

December 17, 2007
23 

NONROAD model at the county level. Model default values were used for all other inputs, with 

the exception of diesel fuel sulfur. A value of 2,500 parts per million volume (ppmv) was used 

instead of the default 2,318 ppm, since the default represented a national average including 

California’s lower diesel fuel sulfur level. Pechan summed the seasonal results, and then 

processed the model output to develop a county-level, SCC-level annual emissions inventory for 

all pollutants except NH3. 

The NH3 emissions for NONROAD model categories were developed using the following 

procedures. OTAQ recently reviewed the basis of NH3 data summarized in a report entitled, 

“A Study of the Potential Impact of Some Unregulated Motor Vehicle Emissions” (Harvey, 

1983). In conducting this review, OTAQ performed an analysis of the available light-duty 

noncatalyst engine data to develop defensible gasoline nonroad emission factors on a mg/gallon 

basis (Harvey, 2003). For both gasoline noncatalyst and diesel engines, fuel based emission 

factors were developed from emission factors expressed on a gram/mile basis by accounting for 

the reported fuel economy of each tested engine. For gasoline non-catalyst engines, this resulted 

in a value of 115.8 mg/gallon, which is applied to county-level fuel consumption estimates for 

2-stroke gasoline, 4-stroke gasoline and liquified petroleum gas (LPG) equipment. From the 

diesel engine test data, a value of 83.3 mg/gallon was derived, which is applied to diesel fuel 

consumption estimates. County-level fuel consumption for these engines, expressed in gallons, 

is an output from EPA’s NONROAD model. 

B. AIRCRAFT, COMMERCIAL MARINE VESSELS AND 

LOCOMOTIVES 

For 2002 aircraft, commercial marine vessels (CMVs), and locomotives, Pechan used 1999 

emission estimates developed for EPA’s 1999 NEI Version 2 as base year estimates for the 

VISTAS region. These categories are not included in the NONROAD model, and are hereafter 

referred to as “other nonroad.” Pechan then incorporated revised S/L/T estimates summarized in 

Table III-2, using the replacement procedures summarized in Tables III-3a through III-3d. 

Pechan tracked changes by labeling the default 1999 NEI records as Version 2 (V2) and the 

revised S/L/T records as Version 3 (V3). In cases where PM2.5 estimates were not provided, 

they were developed using the following category-specific fractions applied to the available 

PM10 emission estimates: 1) Aircraft: 0.69; 2) Locomotive: 0.90; and 3) CMV: 0.92 (EPA, 

2002). Commercial marine adjustments are described in detail in the following section. 

Table III-2. Summary of S/L/T Agency Data Incorporated into the Draft VISTAS 

2002 Other Nonroad Inventory

State Description of Inventory Pollutants 

Alabama 1999 Locomotive emissions for Pickens and Tuscaloosa 

counties 

VOC, NOx, and CO 

Florida 2001 Aircraft, Locomotive and Commercial Marine Vessel 

emissions for Palm Beach County 

VOC, NOx, CO, PM10, 

and SOx

Tennessee 1999 Aircraft and Locomotive emissions for Davidson County VOC, NOx, CO, SOx, and 

primary PM10

Virginia 1999 Statewide Inventory for Aircraft, Locomotive and 

Commercial Marine Vessels 

VOC, NOx, CO 

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

 Appendix D.5 - 31 

December 17, 2007
24 

Table III-3a. Replacement Procedures for 1999 Locomotive Emissions for 

Pickens and Tuscaloosa County, Alabama 

 

STATE_ 

FIPS 

COUNTY_ 

FIPS SCC Version Notes 

START_ 

DATE 

END_ 

DATE VOC NOX CO 

01 107 2285002005 V3 7.73 179.7 22.81

01 107 2285002005 V2 

Replace VOC, NOx, and CO 

emissions 19990101 19991231 1962.9 45643 5794.5

01 107 2285002010 V3 5.39 53.48 9.47

01 107 2285002010 V2 

Replace VOC, NOx, and CO 

emissions 19990101 19991231 5.39 53.48 9.48

01 125 2285002005 V3 16.31 379.15 48.13

01 125 2285002005 V2 

Replace VOC, NOx, and CO 

emissions 19990101 19991231 3384.9 78711.4 9992.6

01 125 2285002010 V3 9.29 92.15 16.33

01 125 2285002010 V2 

Replace VOC, NOx, and CO 

emissions 19990101 19991231 9.29 92.15 16.33

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

 Appendix D.5 - 32 

December 17, 2007
25 

Table III-3b. Replacement Procedures for 1999 Aircraft, Locomotive, and Commercial Marine Vessel Emissions 

for Palm Beach County, Florida 

STATE_ 

FIPS 

COUNTY_ 

FIPS SCC Version Notes 

START_ 

DATE 

END_ 

DATE VOC NOX CO SO2 

PM10- 

PRI 

PM25- 

PRI 

12 099 2275000000 V3 Apply a Growth Factor to 2001 

state-supplied aircraft emissions to backcast to 1999 Estimate PM2.5-PRI off PM10-PRI 

19990101 19991231 470.39 805.94 4,121.41 1.98 0.00 

12 099 2275001000 V2 Delete all records for this SCC 19990101 19991231 0.44 0.05 9.03 0 0.19 0.1312 099 2275020000 V2 Delete all records for this SCC 19990101 19991231 79.1 275.5 330.6 26.3412 099 2275050000 V2 Delete all records for this SCC 19990101 19991231 13.93 2.37 437.43 0.36 8.62 5.9512 099 2275060000 V2 Delete all records for this SCC 19990101 19991231 9.23 1.19 212.32 0.11 4.55 3.1412 099 2280000000 V3 Apply a Growth Factor to 2001 

state-supplied cmv emissions to backcast to 1999 Estimate PM2.5-PRI off PM10-PRI 

19990101 19991231 10.42 115.60 0.97 9.94 33.91

12 099 2280002100 V2 Delete all records for this SCC 19990101 19991231 25.5 815.4 107.51 36.95 34.3 31.5512 099 2280002200 V2 Delete all records for this SCC 19990101 19991231 0.22 7.05 0.93 0.32 0.3 0.2712 099 2280003100 V2 Delete all records for this SCC 19990101 19991231 6.8 217.5 28.63 115.6 9.48 8.7312 099 2280003200 V2 Delete all records for this SCC 19990101 19991231 0.06 1.93 0.25 1.43 0.11 0.112 099 2285002000 V3 Apply a Growth Factor to 2001 

state-supplied locomotive emissions to backcast to 1999 Estimate PM2.5-PRI off PM10-PRI 

19990101 19991231 28.19 658.78 83.64 48.09 15.50

12 099 2285002006 V2 Delete all records for this SCC 19990101 19991231 6.11 164.1 16.17 10.26 4.07 3.6612 099 2285002008 V2 Delete all records for this SCC 19990101 19991231 0.45 12.15 1.2 0.76 0.3 0.2712 099 2285002009 V2 Delete all records for this SCC 19990101 19991231 6.78 182.2 17.95 11.39 4.52 4.0712 099 2285002010 V2 Delete all records for this SCC 19990101 19991231 3.75 64.36 6.77 3 1.64 1.47

1 Palm Beach County provided emission estimates corresponding to 2001; as such, 2001 emission estimates were backcast to 1999 using growth factors presented in this report 

before incorporation.

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

 Appendix D.5 - 33 

December 17, 2007
26 

Table III-3c. Replacement Procedures for 1999 Aircraft and Locomotive Emissions for 

Davidson County, Tennessee 

 

STATE_ 

FIPS 

COUNTY_ 

FIPS SCC Version Notes 

START_ 

DATE 

END_ 

DATE VOC NOX CO SO2

PM10-

PRI 

PM25-

PRI 

47 037 2275000000 V3 

Estimate PM2.5-PRI off 

PM10-PRI 19990101 19991231 232.125 634.35 1766 32.13 39.25 

47 037 2275001000 V2 

Delete all records for this 

SCC 19990101 19991231 1.7 0.2 35 0.02 0.75 0.52

47 037 2275020000 V2 

Delete all records for this 

SCC 19990101 19991231 187.45 649.92 782.93 62.34

47 037 2275050000 V2 

Delete all records for this 

SCC 19990101 19991231 4.72 0.8 148.3 0.12 2.92 2.02

47 037 2275060000 V2 

Delete all records for this 

SCC 19990101 19991231 15.22 1.97 349.97 0.19 7.51 5.18

47 037 2285002000 V3 

Estimate PM2.5-PRI off 

PM10-PRI 19990101 19991231 20.803 363.117 50.701 26.36 8.893 

47 037 2285002006 V2 

Delete all records for this 

SCC 19990101 19991231 31.91 857.26 84.46 53.6 21.27 19.15

47 037 2285002010 V2 

Delete all records for this 

SCC 19990101 19991231 19.6 336.23 35.39 15.68 8.54 7.69

Emissions Preparation & Results 

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 Appendix D.5 - 34 

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27 

Table III-3d. Replacement Procedures for 1999 Aircraft, Locomotive, and 

Commercial Marine Vessel Emissions for Sample Counties in Virginia 

STATE_ 

FIPS 

COUNTY_ 

FIPS SCC Version Notes 

START_

DATE 

END_ 

DATE VOC NOX CO SO2

PM10-

PRI 

PM25-

PRI 

51 001 2275001000 V3 19990101 19991231 3.47 0.78 3.74

51 001 2275001000 V2 Replace VOC, NOx, and CO emissions 

Keep SO2, PM10-PRI, and PM2.5-PRI 

emissions 

19990101 19991231 0.31 0.04 6.38 0 0.14 0.09

51 013 2275020000 V3 19990101 19991231 145.821 992.23 1634.2

51 013 2275020000 V2 Replace VOC, NOx, and CO emissions 

Keep SO2 emissions 

19990101 19991231 271.17 940.36 1132.7 90.2

51 001 2275050000 V3 19990101 19991231 1.25 0.21 39.34

51 001 2275050000 V2 Replace VOC, NOx, and CO emissions 

Keep SO2, PM10-PRI, and PM2.5-PRI 

emissions 

19990101 19991231 0.25 0.04 7.81 0.01 0.15 0.11

51 001 2275060000 V3 19990101 19991231 0.05 0.01 1.26

51 001 2275060000 V2 Replace VOC, NOx, and CO emissions 

Keep SO2, PM10-PRI, and PM2.5-PRI 

emissions 

19990101 19991231 1.47 0.19 33.8 0.02 0.72 0.5

51 670 2280002000 V3 Add SCC to the Inventory 19990101 19991231 3.3 18.16 6.94

51 670 2280002100 V2 Sum up SO2, PM10-PRI, and PM2.5-PRI 

emissions for SCCs 2280002100 and 

2280002200 and add to SCC 280002000. 

After that, delete all records for SCC 

2280002100 and 2280002200 

19990101 19991231 10.12 323.52 42.66 14.7 13.61 12.52

51 670 2280002200 V2 Sum up SO2, PM10-PRI, and PM2.5-PRI 

emissions for SCCs 2280002100 and 

2280002200 and add to SCC 

2280002000. After that, delete all records 

for SCC 2280002100 and 2280002200 

19990101 19991231 0.17 5.39 0.71 0.24 0.23 0.21

51 670 2280003000 V3 Add SCC to the Inventory 19990101 19991231 0.14 1.64 0

51 670 2280003100 V2 Sum up SO2, PM10-PRI, and PM2.5-PRI 

emissions for SCCs 2280003100 and 

2280003200 and add to SCC 

2280003000. After that, delete all records 

for SCC 2280003100 and 2280003200 

19990101 19991231 2.7 86.31 11.36 45.9 3.76 3.46

51 670 2280003200 V2 Sum up SO2, PM10, and PM2.5 

Emissions for SCCs 2280003100 and 

2280003200 and add to SCC 

2280003000. After that, delete all records 

for SCC 2280003100 and 2280003200 

19990101 19991231 0.05 1.48 0.19 1.09 0.08 0.08

51 199 2283002000 V3 19990101 19991231 8.46 53.47 15.51

51 199 2283002000 V2 Replace VOC, NOx, and CO emissions 19990101 19991231 7.43 47.26 13.63

51 740 2285002005 V3 Add SCC to the Inventory 19990101 19991231 3.76 100.99 9.95

51 740 2285002006 V2 Sum up SO2, PM10-PRI, and PM2.5-PRI 

emissions for SCCs 2285002006 and 

2285002007 and add to SCC 285002005. 

After that, delete all records for SCC 

2285002006 and 2285002007.1

19990101 19991231 0.7 18.77 1.85 1.17 0.47 0.42

51 740 2285002007 V2 Sum up SO2, PM10-PRI, and PM2.5-PRI 

emissions for SCCs 2285002006 and 

2285002007 and add to SCC 285002005. 

After that, delete all records for SCC 

2285002006 and 2285002007.1

19990101 19991231 0.08 2.26 0.22 0.14 0.06 0.05

51 036 2285002010 V3 19990101 19991231 0.59 10.13 1.06

51 036 2285002010 V2 Replace VOC, NOx, and CO emissions 

Keep SO2, PM10-PRI, and PM2.5-PRI 

emissions 

19990101 19991231 1.99 34.15 3.59 1.59 0.87 0.78

1 Other counties may also have emissions for SCCs 2285002008 and 2285002009. In these cases, sum up SO2, PM10-PRI, and PM2.5-PRI emissions 

for SCCs 2285002006, 2285002007, 2285002008, and 2285002009 and add to SCC 2285002005. After that, delete all records for SCC 2285002006, 

2285002007, 2285002008, and 2285002009. 

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

 Appendix D.5 - 35 

December 17, 2007
28 

2. CMV Improvements 

This section describes procedures for improving the spatial distribution of CMV emission 

estimates for the VISTAS region. States that share borders with non-VISTAS States along the 

Mississippi and Ohio Rivers have expressed concern about the representativeness of port 

emission estimates at a county-level. Revising the county-level emissions estimates would allow 

more accurate modeling of emissions in the VISTAS States. 

Ideally, CMV emission estimates would be developed using local activity data that account for 

vessel type, engine type and mode of operation (cruise, maneuvering, and hotelling). Creating 

this type of “bottom-up” emission inventory requires a large amount of effort. Therefore, Pechan 

utilized port-specific emission estimates developed for the 1999 NEI, distributed using a revised 

allocation methodology, which incorporates information on the number of port facilities in each 

county. 

a. Current Allocation Method 

The current 2002 VISTAS commercial marine inventory is based on EPA’s 1999 NEI Version 

2.0, projected to 2002 using appropriate growth factors. State-supplied data were incorporated 

by EPA or by Pechan for some VISTAS States for this category, including Alabama, Virginia, 

West Virginia, and Palm Beach County, Florida. 

The 1999 NEI estimated emissions for these categories according to the following SCCs: 

SCC Descriptor 1 Descriptor 3 Descriptor 6 Descriptor 8

2280002100 Mobile Sources Marine Vessels, Commercial Diesel Port emissions 

2280002200 Mobile Sources Marine Vessels, Commercial Diesel Underway emissions 

2280003100 Mobile Sources Marine Vessels, Commercial Residual Port emissions 

2280003200 Mobile Sources Marine Vessels, Commercial Residual Underway emissions 

For the 1999 NEI, commercial marine diesel emissions were developed by obtaining 2000 

emission estimates for all pollutants except SO2 from OTAQ’s marine diesel regulatory 

background documentation (Draft Regulatory Impact Analysis - Control of Emissions from 

Compression-Ignition Marine Engines). To estimate emissions for 1999, 2000 estimates were 

backcast using growth factors obtained from the draft RIA cited above. Steam-powered residual 

CMV emission estimates were developed by obtaining fuel usage data from OTAQ and applying 

fuel-based emission factors (EPA, 1989). A similar method was used for diesel SO2 emissions. 

National diesel usage was estimated assuming a sulfur content of 0.25 percent and EPA emission 

factors (EPA, 2002). 

National diesel emissions were disaggregated into port and underway emissions estimates based 

on the assumption that 75 percent of distillate fuel is consumed within the port, while the 

remaining fuel is consumed while underway, consistent with EPA guidance. National residual 

emissions were disaggregated into port and underway emissions estimates based on the 

assumption that 25 percent of residual fuel is consumed within the port, while the remaining fuel 

is consumed while underway (EPA, 1989). 

Emissions Preparation & Results 

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 Appendix D.5 - 36 

December 17, 2007
29 

To allocate to counties, port emissions were assigned to the 150 largest U.S. ports based on 

activity obtained from the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE). The percentage of total 

traffic for each port was calculated by dividing the port-level traffic by the total traffic. 

Emissions for each port were then assigned to a single county. 

Underway emissions are assigned to counties based on a county=s shipping lane traffic. The 

Bureau of Transportation Statistics’ (BTS=) National Transportation Atlas Databases-1999 

contains data on the thousand tons per mile traveled for each shipping lane link in the United 

States (BTS-CD26). Where navigable rivers form a county or State boundary, the shipping lane 

traffic is proportioned to individual counties based on the length of shoreline that is shared. For 

example, if two counties share a navigable river, and both counties have the same length of 

shoreline, the shipping traffic is split evenly between the two counties. Shipping lanes that are 

not within counties, for example in the ocean, are associated to States based on BTS 

assignments. These waterway weights are then evenly distributed among the counties within 

these States that have navigable waterways. All shipping activity is summed at the county-level 

and compared with national shipping activity to determine what portion of activity can be 

attributed to individual counties. These proportions were used in disaggregating the national 

CMV emission estimates to the county level. 

b. Revised Port Allocation Method 

Figures III-1 and III-2 present emission maps for CMV port and underway NOx emissions 

created from the 1999 NEI Version 2.0 data. For underway emissions, Pechan believes that the 

allocation procedure results in a reasonable distribution of county-level emissions. However, the 

methodology to allocate port emissions results in all the emissions being assigned to a single 

county. For example, Cabell County in West Virginia is assigned all emissions for Huntington 

Port, but no emissions are allocated to Lawrence County in Ohio, the county on the opposite 

river bank. 

Port areas encompass multiple States and counties and in some cases, multiple waterways. 

Therefore, the emissions allocation process must incorporate all counties in the vicinity of the 

port where activity is occurring. This is especially true for inland rivers where activity takes 

place on both riverbanks and for 10 river miles or more outside the port city. The revised 

methodology allocates port emissions based on a surrogate for port-related activity in each 

county, rather than using a single county to define the port. 

Emissions Preparation & Results 

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 Appendix D.5 - 37 

December 17, 2007
30 

Figure 1.

d Surrounding States VISTAS Region and Surrounding States VISTAS Region an

Underway NOx Emissions NOx Emissions(Tons per Year) 00 - 400 400 - 800 800 - 1,300

1,300 - 2,4002,400 - 3,680

E.H. Pechan & Associates, Inc.

Figure III-1. VISTAS Re

Date: December 11, 2003.

gion and Surrounding States, Underway NOx Emissions

Emissions Preparation & Results 

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 Appendix D.5 - 38 

December 17, 2007
31 

Figure 2.

VISTAS Region and Surrounding States VISTAS Region and Surrounding States

Port NOx Emissions NOx Emissions(Tons per Year) 00 - 3,000 3,000 - 7,000 7,000 - 13,000 13,000 - 26,000

26,000 - 67,000

E.H. Pechan & Associates, Inc.

Date: December 11, 2003.

Figure III-2. VISTAS Region and Surrounding States, Port NOx Emissions

Emissions Preparation & Results 

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 Appendix D.5 - 39 

December 17, 2007
32 

The report, Waterborne Commerce of the United States, Calendar Year 1999 (USACE, 2000), 

hereafter referred to as Waterborne Commerce, presents the cargo tonnage and number of vessel 

trips in major waterways of the United States. The report defines port areas, which USACE uses 

to develop the Top 150 Ports in the United States by amount of cargo tonnage. As discussed in 

the previous section, the 1999 NEI allocates all the port emissions to these 150 ports based on the 

cargo tonnage handled by the port. 

Pechan uses this allocation of emissions to each port area as the starting point of its revised 

allocation process. Table III-4 presents the ports that are located in VISTAS and adjoining 

States, which are part of the Top 150 Ports. 

Table III-4. Port Areas Located in VISTAS and Adjoining States 

Port State Port State 

Mobile AL Pascagoula MS 

Guntersville AL Vicksburg MS 

Helena AR Biloxi MS 

Port Everglades FL Greenville MS 

Jacksonville FL Gulfport MS 

Miami FL Wilmington NC 

Port Canaveral FL Morehead City NC 

Palm Beach FL Cincinnati OH 

Panama City FL Pittsburgh PA 

Pensacola FL Charleston SC 

Tampa FL Georgetown SC 

Port Manatee FL Memphis TN 

Weedon Island FL Nashville TN 

Savannah GA Chattanooga TN 

Brunswick GA Norfolk Harbor VA 

Mount Vernon IN Newport News VA 

Louisville KY Hopewell VA 

New Orleans LA Huntington WV 

Baton Rouge LA 

The next step was to develop a list of counties that make up the port area. Port area definitions 

were obtained from Waterborne Commerce. Table III-6 presents the port definitions for the 

VISTAS States and adjoining States. Using the port definitions by river mile, Pechan established 

which counties are included in each port area. In many cases, these port areas encompass 

multiple counties. For example, Pittsburgh is defined in Waterborne Commerce as: 

Ohio River from Pittsburgh, PA to mile 40 (Pennsylvania/Ohio State Line); 

Allegheny River from Pittsburgh, PA to mile 72 (to head of project); 

Monongahela River from Pittsburgh, PA to mile 91 (to head of project). 

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December 17, 2007
33 

Therefore, the Port of Pittsburgh includes the following counties in Pennsylvania; Allegheny, 

Westmoreland, Armstrong, Washington, Fayette, Greene, Beaver. This process was repeated for 

all the port areas listed in Table III-4. 

The next step in allocating emissions is to develop a surrogate for the amount of CMV activity in 

each county of the port area. Pechan assumed that the activity of vessels in each county is 

related to the number of port facilities operating in a given county. Port facilities include 

terminals, piers, wharves, and docks that are involved in all types of commercial activity and 

support services. Pechan obtained the number of port facilities in each county from The Port 

Series Reports (USACE, 2003). The USACE periodically surveys the commercial marine 

industry to obtain information on port facilities and publishes it in The Port Series Reports. The 

reports give the name, location, operations, and describe the physical and inter-modal 

characteristics of the facilities. The data includes the location of the facility by river mile, State, 

and county. 

For each port area, Pechan calculated the ratio between the number of port facilities in each 

county to the total number of facilities in all counties that make up the port area. This ratio was 

used to allocate emissions for each port area to the county-level. Table III-5 presents the 

allocation ratios for each county in the port areas. Some port areas were still encompassed by 

one county using the definition of the port from Waterborne Commerce. However, a number of 

port areas include multiple counties. Note that New Orleans and Pittsburgh do not include any 

counties in VISTAS States. 

Table III-5. List of VISTAS Ports and Ports of Adjoining States 

Port State County Ratio Port State County Ratio Port State County Ratio 

Port Everglades FL Broward 1.0 AR Phillips 0.7778 TN Hamilton 0.7692 

Jacksonville FL Duval 1.0 

Helena 

MS Coahoma 0.2222 Chattanooga TN Marion 0.2308 

Miami FL Miami-Dade 1.0 FL Charlotte 0.7500 VA Norfolk City 0.5568 

Port Canaveral FL Brevard 1.0 

Charlotte 

FL Lee 0.2500 VA Chesapeake 

City 0.3068 

Palm Beach FL Palm Beach 1.0 IN Vanderburgh 0.3182 

Norfolk 

VA Portsmouth 0.1364 

Panama City FL Bay 1.0 IN Posey 0.4773 VA Newport News 0.6500 

Pensacola FL Escambia 1.0 

Mount 

Vernon 

KY Henderson 0.2045 

Newport 

News VA Hampton 0.3500 

Tampa FL Hillborough 1.0 KY Jefferson 0.6596 VA Hopewell 0.5000 

Port Manatee FL Manatee 1.0 

Louisville 

IN Clark 0.3404 Hopewell VA Charles City 0.5000 

Weedon Island FL Pinellas 1.0 LA St. Bernard 0.0858 PA Allegheny 0.5206 

Savannah GA Chatham 1.0 LA Plaquemines 0.1231 PA Westmoreland 0.0412 

Brunswick GA Glynn 1.0 LA Orleans 0.3284 PA Armstrong 0.0309 

Pascagoula MS Jackson 1.0 LA Jefferson 0.4366 PA Washington 0.1340 

Vicksburg MS Warren 1.0 LA St. Tammany 0.0224 PA Fayette 0.0412 

Biloxi MS Harrison 1.0 

New Orleans 

LA Tangipahoa 0.0037 PA Greene 0.0567 

Greenville MS Washington 1.0 NC New Hanover 0.8974 

Pittsburgh 

PA Beaver 0.1753 

Gulfport MS Harrison 1.0 Wilmington NC Brunswick 0.1026 KY Greenup 0.0795 

Morehead City NC Carteret 1.0 OH Hamilton 0.7931 KY Boyd 0.1023 

Georgetown SC Georgetown 1.0 KY Kenton 0.0862 OH Gallia 0.1136 

Nashville TN Davidson 1.0 

Cincinnati 

KY Boone 0.1207 OH Lawrence 0.2273 

Mobile AL Mobile 1.0 SC Charleston 0.7097 OH Scioto 0.1364 

Guntersville AL Marshall 1.0 Charleston SC Berkeley 0.2903 WV Wayne 0.1136 

TN Shelby 0.9123 WV Cabell 0.0795 Memphis AR Crittenden 0.0877 

Huntington 

WV Mason 0.1477 

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 Appendix D.5 - 41 

December 17, 2007
34 

Pechan was directed to perform the reallocation for all VISTAS ports. Figure III-3 presents the 

reallocation of port emissions in all States except Alabama. Alabama’s CMV data were 

provided to EPA and already incorporated into the 1999 NEI Version 2, and Pechan did not have 

access to the default 1999 NEI estimates for this State and category. Since State data take 

precedence, the inventory prepared by Pechan reflects the incorporation of State data for those 

areas that developed independent CMV emission estimates, including Virginia and Palm Beach 

County, Florida. In addition, West Virginia provided their own county fractions to allocate 

emissions for the Port of Huntington, using District-level data from the Army Corps of Engineers 

on tonnage of freight shipped and received. West Virginia also requested that residual-fueled 

CMV activity/emissions be zeroed out for their State. States providing their own data are 

encouraged to review the allocations Pechan developed for their port areas, and to provide 

further comment or direction as needed. 

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

 Appendix D.5 - 42 

December 17, 2007
35 

Figure III-3. VISTAS Region and Surrounding States, Revised Port Emissions of NOX

Emissions Preparation & Results 

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 Appendix D.5 - 43 

December 17, 2007
36 

Table III-6. Definition of Port Areas Obtained from Waterborne Commerce 

(USACE, 2000) 

VISTAS PORTS 

MOBILE, AL 

Entrance. bay and river channels, and channels into Chickasaw and Three Mile Creeks; Branch 

Channels; Theodore Ship Channel. 

GUNTERSVILLE, AL 

Both banks of the Tennessee River at mile 358 to mile 363. 

JACKSONVILLE HARBOR, FL 

Atlantic Ocean to the Florida East Coast Railway Bridge at Jacksonville, 26.8 miles. 

TAMPA, FL 

Gulf of Mexico to and including the channels of upper Tampa Harbor, 49.8 miles; Channel to Port Tampa 

and thence to Courtney Campbell Parkway, 17.5 miles; Natural channel leading from Port Tampa 

Channel toward St. Petersburg, 1.8 miles; Alafia River Channel, 3.6 miles; Hillsborough River to City 

Waterworks Dam, 10 miles; Channels in “Little Manatee River, Fl; Port Manatee, Fl Harbor.” 

MIAMI HARBOR, FL 

Atlantic Ocean to inner end of turning basin at Miami, 6 miles; Meloy Channel and thence natural 

channels along the easterly side of Biscayne Bay to Bakers Haulover Inlet, FL, about 11 miles; channel 

from turning basin to mouth of Miami River, 1.1 miles; existing Florida East Coast Railway Channel, 

Fishermans Channel from mouth of Miami River to Government Cut, 3.8 miles; and the channels reported 

under “Miami River, FL.” 

EVERGLADES HARBOR, COLLIER COUNTY, FL - No definition given 

CANAVERAL HARBOR, FL 

Entrance Channel (Atlantic Ocean) to Barrier Beach inner channel and Turning Basins, thence a Barge 

canal through a lock in the perimeter dike and continuing to the Intracoastal Waterway, Jacksonville to 

Miami. 

CHARLOTTE HARBOR, FL 

Gulf of Mexico to Municipal Terminal at Punta Gorda, about 29.5 miles; waterfront on Gasparilla Island 

from Port Boca Grande to Boca Grande, 4.5 miles; and Myakka River to El Jobean, 4 miles. 

PALM BEACH HARBOR, FL 

Atlantic Ocean to Port of Palm Beach Terminals, 1.7 miles; Lake Worth from Riviera Bridge to Southern 

Boulevard Bridge at West Palm Beach, 7.5 miles; and “Palm Beach, FL side channel and basin.” 

PORT MANATEE, FL 

40 feet deep by 400 feet wide entrance channel and basin. The entrance channel extends approximately 

3 miles in length from the turning basin to its intersection with Tampa Harbor main channel. Controlling 

Depth: 40 feet in entrance channel and turning basin. 

PANAMA CITY HARBOR, FL 

Entrance channel, inside bay and Watson Bayou. Project Depth: Approach channel, 34 feet; across 

Lands End, 32 feet; Watson Bayou, 10 feet. 

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37 

Table III-6. Definition of Port Areas Obtained from Waterborne Commerce 

(USACE, 2000) 

PENSACOLA HARBOR, FL 

Entrance channel and entire harbor, including Bayou Chico. 

Project Depth: entrance, 35 feet; Inner Harbor, 33 feet; Bayou Chico, 15 and 14 feet. 

WEEDON ISLAND, FL – no definition 

BRUNSWICK HARBOR, GA 

From 32-foot contour in the ocean across the Barthrough St. Simon Sound, Brunswick River, and Turtle 

River to the upper end of the Allied Chemical Company’s Wharf, formerly Atlantic Refining Company 

Wharf, 20.4 miles; from Brunswick River through East River, to the upper end of the project in Academy 

Creek, 2.7 miles; from St. Simon Sound through Back River to Mill Creek, the upper end of Back River 

improvement, 2.9 miles; from Back River through Terry Creek to the Glynn Canning Company’s Wharf, 

1.8 miles; a total distance of 27.8 miles. 

SAVANNAH HARBOR, GA 

From the 40-foot contour in the ocean to the Continental Can Company Plant, 32.15 miles. 

LOUISVILLE, KY 

Both banks of the Ohio River from mile 606 to mile 616 

Controlling Depth: 9 feet. Project Depth: 9 feet at low water stages. 

BILOXI HARBOR, MS 

Mississippi Sound, Biloxi Bay, Back Bay, and land cut to Gulfport Lake. 

Project Depth: East entrance channel, Mississippi Sound to Gulfport Lake, 12 feet: West entrance 

channel, Mississippi Sound to Biloxi Harbor, 10 feet; Ott Bayou, 12 feet. 

GREENVILLE, MS 

From Mississippi River mile 537 AHP left descending bank in an easterly direction, an entrance channel, 

8,000 feet long and 250 feet wide transitioning into the harbor and port area 10,000 feet long and 500 feet 

wide, then transitioning into Lake Ferguson, a channel 5,700 feet long and 250 feet wide. 

GULFPORT HARBOR, MS 

Mississippi Sound Channel, Ship Island Pass Channel, and Small Craft Harbor about 4,300 feet long 

west of the anchorage basin. 

Project Depth: Mississippi Sound, 30 feet; Ship Island Pass, 32 feet; Small Craft Harbor, 8 feet. 

PASCAGOULA HARBOR, MS 

Lower 4 miles of Dog River and lower 6.8 miles of Pascagoula River, Mississippi Sound, Bayou Casotte, 

and Horn Island Pass Channels. 

VICKSBURG, MS 

From Mississippi River mile 437 AHP on left descending bank in a northerly direction, a channel 14,500 

feet long by 150 feet wide in the Yazoo Diversion Canal, thence a dredged entrance channel 4,800 feet 

long and 150 feet wide, transitioning into a 300-foot wide dredged slack water harbor and turning basin 

10,700 feet long. 

MOREHEAD CITY HARBOR, NC 

Morehead City Harbor, NC. 

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Table III-6. Definition of Port Areas Obtained from Waterborne Commerce 

(USACE, 2000) 

PORT OF WILMINGTON, NC 

(see also Wilmington Harbor NC for waterway data) 

Both banks of the Cape Fear River extending from a point about 18 miles below the foot of Castle St. in 

Wilmington to a point about 2 miles above the Railroad Bridge at Navassa, and both banks of Northeast 

(Cape Fear) River from its mouth to a point about 1.67 miles above the Hilton Railroad Bridge. 

CHARLESTON HARBOR, SC 

(Including Ashley River, Cooper River, Shem Creek And Shipyard River, SC) 

Ocean to Goose Creek via Cooper River and Town Creek; to the Standard Wharf on Ashley River; to the 

Mount Pleasant Memorial Highway Bridge on Shem Creek; to the Airco Alloys Wharf on Shipyard River; 

Wando River to Cainhoy. 

GEORGETOWN HARBOR, SC (Winyah Bay) 

Atlantic Ocean Entrance to Winyah Bay, SC, to and including turning basin in Sampit River at the City of 

Georgetown, SC. 

MEMPHIS, TN 

Section Inlcuded: From mile 715.5 to mile 741.0 on Lower Mississippi River and includes Memphis 

Harbor (McKellar Lake) and Wolf River Harbor, 

Tennessee. Controlling Depth: 9 feet. Project Depth: 9 feet at low water stages. 

PORT OF NASHVILLE, TN 

(included in traffic of Cumberland River, TN and KY) 

Both banks of Cumberland River, mile 182 to mile 194 

Controlling Depth: 9 feet. Project Depth: 9 feet at low water stages. 

CHATTANOOGA, TN 

Section Included: Both banks of the Tennessee River at mile 454 to 471. 

Controlling Depth: 9 feet. Project Depth: 9 feet at low water stages. 

PORT OF RICHMOND, VA 

(Included in James River, VA Consolidated Report) 

PORT OF NEWPORT NEWS, VA (Including Newport News Creek, VA) 

Lower east shore of James River from mouth to 1.8 miles, and portion of north shore of Hampton Roads 

covering approximately 15,000 linear feet of waterfront at Newport News; and Newport News Creek. 

PORT OF HOPEWELL, VA (Included In James River VA Consolidated Report) 

South side of James River, from City Point, at mouth of Appomattox River, 2 miles downstream to the 

mouth of Baileys Creek. 

Controlling Depth: 25 feet at mean low water. Project Depth: 35 feet, maintained to 25 feet. 

NORFOLK HARBOR, VA 

From 55-foot contour in Hampton Roads to Norfolk & Western (formerly Virginia) Railway Bridge Crossing 

Southern Branch of Elizabeth River, 14.78 miles; thence upstream in Southern Branch, 4.61 miles. In 

Eastern Branch, 2.54 miles upstream from the mouth of that branch; in Western Branch, 1.78 miles 

upstream from the mouth of that branch; and 0.73 miles in Scotts Creek. 

HUNTINGTON, WV 

Both banks of the Ohio River from mile 303 to mile 317 

Controlling Depth: 9 feet. Project Depth: 9 feet at low water stages. 

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Table III-6. Definition of Port Areas Obtained from Waterborne Commerce 

(USACE, 2000) 

NON-VISTAS PORTS 

HELENA, AR 

Mile 659 through mile 663 on the Lower Mississippi River. 

The project provides for maintenance of an off-river harbor with dimensions of 9 feet deep and 450 feet 

wide for a length of 3,200 feet. 

MOUNT VERNON, IN 

Section Included: Right Bank of Ohio River from mile 151 to mile 154. 

Controlling Depth: 9 feet. Project Depth: 9 feet at low water stages. 

CINCINNATI, OH 

Both banks of the Ohio River from mile 465 to mile 491. 

Controlling Depth: 9 feet. Project Depth: 9 feet at low water stages. 

PORT OF PITTSBURGH, PA 

Ohio River from Pittsburgh, PA to mile 40 (Pennsylvania/Ohio State Line); Allegheny River from 

Pittsburgh, PA to mile 72(to head of project); Monongahela River from Pittsburgh, PA to mile 91(to head 

of project). Includes Aliquippa-Rochester, Pittsburgh, Clairton-Elizabeth. 

Controlling Depth: 9 feet. Project Depth: 9 feet. 

PORT OF PLAQUEMINES, LA 

Both banks of Mississippi River from mile 0 A.H.P. through mile 81.2 A.H.P 

Controlling and Project Depths: 45 feet. 

PORT OF BATON ROUGE, LA 

Both banks of Mississippi River from mile 168.5 A.H.P. through mile 253 A.H.P; including the Baton 

Rouge Barge Canal from a point on the east bank of the Mississippi River at mile 234.5 A.H.P., for a 

distance of 5 miles. 

PORT OF NEW ORLEANS, LA 

Both banks of the Mississippi River from mile 81.2 A.H.P. through mile 114.9 A.H.P.; Innerharbor 

Navigation Canal, 5.5 miles; Mississippi River-Gulf Outlet from its junction with the Innerharbor Navigation 

Canal to Bayou Bienvenue, 7 miles; and Harvey Canal, 5.5 miles. 

PORT OF SOUTH LOUISIANA (LA) 

Both banks of Mississippi River from mile 114.9 A.H.P. through mile 168.5 A.H.P. 

Controlling and Project Depths: 45 feet. 

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3. Projection Methods 

Pechan then projected the revised 1999 inventory to 2002 using surrogate growth indicators. For 

the aircraft category, 1999 and 2002 approach operations by airport and aircraft type were 

compiled from the Federal Aviation Administration’s Air Traffic Activity Data System 

(ATADS). The airport-level landing and takeoffs (LTOs) were assigned to counties and summed 

for the county. For counties with aircraft emissions without a county match in ATADS, Stateaverage growth factors were calculated and applied. The county-level growth factors are not 

presented in this report, but could be provided to VISTAS S/L/Ts if requested. 

For locomotives, projected emissions were developed in two steps as described below. For 1999 

to 2001, State-level vessel bunkering and rail fuel consumption was obtained from the Energy 

Information Administration’s (EIA’s) Fuel Oil and Kerosene Sales. For 2001 to 2002, Pechan 

applied national growth factors developed from fuel consumption projections in EIA’s Annual 

Energy Outlook. Table III-7a lists the growth factors for locomotives that were applied to the 

1999 emissions to first develop 2001 emissions. Table III-7b lists the growth factors used to 

generate 2002 emissions. Locomotive emissions were not revised from the August 2003 draft 

VISTAS 2002 inventory. 

Table III-7a. Growth Factors for Railroad Distillate Fuel Oil Use 

Rail Distillate Fuel Oil Sales 

(Thousand Gallons) 

FIPSST State 

1999 2001 

Growth Factor 

(GF) 

01 Alabama 42,137 55,777 1.3 

12 Florida 127,269 107,084 0.8 

13 Georgia 73,494 70,538 1.0 

21 Kentucky 98,941 99,812 1.0 

28 Mississippi 14,267 24,812 1.7 

37 North Carolina 53,900 77,762 1.4 

45 South Carolina 13,051 15,936 1.2 

47 Tennessee 44,083 91,363 2.1 

51 Virginia 32,202 61,154 1.9 

54 West Virginia 9,160 8,787 1.0 

Source: Department of Energy, Energy Information Administration Fuel Oil and Kerosene Sales 1999 & Fuel Oil and Kerosene 

Sales 2001 Table 23. Adjusted Sales for Transportation Use: Distillate Fuel Oil and Residual Fuel Oil 

(http://tonto.eia.doe.gov/FTPROOT/pertroleum/053599.pdf), (http://tonto.eia.doe.gov/FTPROOT/pertroleum/053501.pdf) 

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Table III-7b. 2002 National Rail Transportation Energy Use by Fuel Type 

(Trillion BTU) 

2001 2002 Growth Factor (GF) 

Intercity Rail (Electric) 10.17 10.40 1.0226 

Intercity Rail (Diesel) 16.60 16.88 1.0169 

Transit Rail (Electric) 46.36 47.40 1.0224 

INTERCITY/TRANSIT RAIL AVERAGE (SCC 2285002008) 1.0206 

Commuter Rail (Electric) 16.13 16.49 1.0223 

Commuter Rail (Diesel) 26.31 26.76 1.0171 

COMMUTER RAIL AVERAGE (SCC 2285002009) 1.0197 

Freight Rail (Distillate) 

(SCCs 2285002000, 2285002005, 2285002006, 

2285002007, 2285002010) 

512.81 492.32 0.9600 

Source: Department of Energy, Energy Information Administration, Annual Energy Outlook 2003: Table 34. Transportation Sector

Energy Use by Fuel Type Within a Mode (http://www.eia.doe.gov/oiaf/aeo/supplement/sup_tran.pdf) 

Since the CMV emissions were revised for the 1999 base year, these emissions were projected 

using 2002 Fuel Oil and Kerosene Sales data, which became available in November 2003. Table 

III-8 lists the growth factors for CMVs that were applied to 1999 emissions to generate 2002 

emissions. The same regional growth factor that accounts for an average regional growth rate 

was applied to CMV emissions for all VISTAS States. Because the State-level data represents 

sales and not use, and CMV activity spans State borders, a regional growth factor was deemed 

more appropriate. Pechan could make a similar adjustment for the locomotive growth factors, 

which are also based on fuel sales for 1999 to 2001, if requested by VISTAS. 

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Table III-8. Growth Factors for Commercial Marine Vessel Distillate and Residual 

Fuel Oil Use 

Fuel Oil Sales 

(Thousand Gallons) 

FIPSST State Growth Factor (GF) 

1999 2002 

DISTILLATE 

01 Alabama 67,455 73,400 1.1 

12 Florida 139,809 143,577 1.0 

13 Georgia 17,697 22,327 1.3 

21 Kentucky 81,811 56,169 0.7 

28 Mississippi 12,749 68,668 5.4 

37 North Carolina 11,279 10,057 0.9 

45 South Carolina 12,732 19,782 1.6 

47 Tennessee 43,867 112,364 2.6 

51 Virginia 29,444 28,235 1.0 

54 West Virginia 54,560 46,981 0.9 

Regional Distillate GF 471,403 581,560 1.2 

RESIDUAL 

01 Alabama 46,093 93,487 2.0 

12 Florida 404,228 460,600 1.1 

13 Georgia 40,117 79,191 2.0 

21 Kentucky1 69 1.2 

28 Mississippi 48,644 54,031 1.1 

37 North Carolina 6,989 35,210 5.0 

45 South Carolina 20,056 22,758 1.1 

47 Tennessee1 124 1.2 

51 Virginia 60,090 36,445 0.6 

54 West Virginia 1.2 

Regional Residual GF 626,217 781,915 1.2 1

 For Kentucky, Tennessee and West Virginia, Pechan summed the 1999 and 2002 CMV residual fuel oil use to develop a total 

VISTAS State growth factor, which was then applied to the three States. 

Source: Department of Energy, Energy Information Administration, Fuel Oil and Kerosene Sales 1999 & Fuel Oil and Kerosene 

Sales 2002, Table 23. Adjusted Sales for Transportation Use: Distillate Fuel Oil and Residual Fuel Oil.

IV. ONROAD REFUELING METHODS

Emissions were separately calculated from onroad refueling, also known as Stage II emissions. 

Since refueling is a category of evaporative rather than exhaust emissions, VOC is the only 

criteria pollutant of concern for this category. This chapter discusses the controls modeled for 

this emission category and the methods used to calculate these emissions. Refueling emissions 

for onroad sources were updated in February 2004 to account for the VMT updates provided by 

several States. 

A. CONTROLS 

Based on default information from the NEI as well as some information provided by VISTAS 

agencies, portions of five of the VISTAS States have onroad Stage II refueling controls in place. 

These States, along with the specific counties with onroad Stage II controls, are listed in 

Table IV-1. This table also shows information about the Stage II control program in each State 

including the year a Stage II program began, the number of years that the program was phased-in 

over, and the control efficiency of the program in reducing VOC emissions from Stage II 

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refueling for the LDGV, LDGT, and HDGV vehicle categories. These are the inputs required for 

modeling a Stage II control program using MOBILE6. States with Stage II programs should 

review this information and provide any corrections for the next round of emissions modeling. 

Table IV-1. Onroad Stage II Control Programs 

 

State 

Start 

Year 

Phase-In 

Years 

Control 

Efficiency Counties 

Florida 1993 2 95% Broward, Miami-Dade, Palm Beach 

Georgia 1992 3 81% Cherokee, Clayton, Cobb, Coweta, DeKalb, Douglas, 

Fayette, Forsyth, Fulton, Gwinnett, Henry, Paulding, 

Rockdale 

Kentucky 1999 2 86% Boone, Campbell, Kenton 

Kentucky 1992 2 95% Jefferson 

Tennessee 1993 3 95% Davidson, Rutherford, Sumner, Williamson, Wilson 

Virginia 1993 2 95% Counties: Arlington, Chesterfield, Fairfax, Hanover, 

Henrico, Loudoun, Prince William, Stafford 

 Independent Cities: Alexandria, Colonial Heights, 

Fairfax, Falls Church, Hopewell, Manassas, 

Manassas Park, Richmond 

B. METHODS 

A simplified set of MOBILE6.2 input files was created to simulate the onroad refueling emission 

factors. These input files were simplified because several of the inputs used for calculating the 

onroad exhaust and evaporative emission factors do not affect the refueling emission factors. 

For example, the refueling emission factors are unaffected by vehicle speed or I/M program. 

Thus, for each group of counties in a State with the same fuel parameters, temperature 

parameters, fleet characteristics (registration distribution, diesel sales fractions), and Stage II 

control program parameters, a MOBILE6.2 input file was created to model the onroad refueling 

emission factors. As mentioned above, speed does not affect the refueling emission factors, so 

each input file contained only 12 scenarios—one for each month of the year. Within each 

scenario, the temperature and fuel parameters were varied, using the same temperature and fuel 

data modeled in the onroad exhaust and evaporative MOBILE6.2 input files. Other fleet 

characteristics, such as registration distributions and diesel sales fractions, were included in the 

input files where applicable. The inputs shown in Table IV-1 were included for the input files 

representing counties with Stage II control programs. The header section of the MOBILE6.2 

input files was set up so that only refueling emission factors would be included in the tabular 

output file. 

After the MOBILE6.2 input files were generated, they were run through the MOBILE6.2 model 

to obtain refueling VOC emission factors in the database table format. These emission factors 

are produced for the 28 MOBILE6 vehicle types. The emission factors were then weighted using 

the VMT fraction information included in the MOBILE6 output tables to obtain VOC refueling 

emission factors for the 8 vehicle types included in the VISTAS VMT database. The VMT 

fraction information contained in the MOBILE6 input files is based on the default MOBILE6 

registration distributions, diesel sales fractions, and VMT fractions, or, when this information is 

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provided in the input files, based on area-specific fleet parameters. A database of emission 

factors by month, county, and 8 vehicle types was then prepared. In calculating monthly onroad 

refueling emissions, the VISTAS annual VMT data were temporally allocated by month in the 

same manner as described in Chapter II for the onroad exhaust and evaporative emission 

calculations. These VMT were then multiplied by the corresponding monthly emission factor (in 

terms of grams per mile) to obtain refueling emissions from onroad vehicles. The monthly 

emissions for each county were then summed to obtain annual refueling emissions. Also, since 

refueling emissions are included in the area source inventory and are not distinguished by vehicle 

type, all refueling emissions from onroad vehicles were summed for each county in the VISTAS 

region. Summaries of the refueling emissions from onroad vehicles are presented in Chapter VI. 

V. NONROAD REFUELING METHODS 

The NONROAD model accounts for refueling emissions from nonroad equipment under two 

separate components, vapor displacement and spillage. Vapor displacement emissions result 

when new liquid fuel being added to a fuel tank displaces fuel vapors already present in the tank. 

Spillage emissions result when fuel is spilled during the refueling process. 

Nonroad equipment may be fueled from a gasoline pump or a portable container. Refueling 

nonroad equipment from a portable container results in different emissions for both spillage and 

vapor displacement compared to refueling from a gasoline pump. In addition, the use of portable 

containers also results in extra refueling events. Both spillage and displacement emissions will 

also occur when the container is filled from a gasoline pump. However, due to lack of data, the 

NONROAD2002 model does not attempt to quantify this set of refueling emissions. As such, 

the NONROAD model refueling emissions associated with nonroad equipment being filled 

directly at the gasoline pumps will be used to represent the nonroad Stage II emission 

component. Stage II control factors listed in Table IV-1 were input in the county-specific 

NONROAD model option files. Once the model runs were performed, Pechan extracted the 

refueling and spillage emissions corresponding only to those engines (typically the larger 

horsepower engines) within each SCC assumed to be refueled at the pump. The list of SCC and 

horsepower ranges associated with pump versus container refueling is specified in the model 

since different emission rates are assumed for these two types of refueling. 

Table V-1 presents draft annual Stage II VOC emission estimates by State. These emissions 

were combined with the onroad vehicle Stage II estimates described in Section IV of this report. 

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Table V-1. 2002 Draft Stage II Refueling Emissions by State

FIPSST NAME VOC Emissions, tpy 

01 Alabama 167.25 

12 Florida 842.60 

13 Georgia 209.01 

21 Kentucky 112.65 

28 Mississippi 147.18 

37 North Carolina 298.49 

45 Tennessee 197.81 

47 South Carolina 155.33 

51 Virginia 174.70 

54 West Virginia 39.33 

VI. SUMMARY OF RESULTS 

This chapter presents the emission results from the February 2004 draft version of the 2002 

mobile source emissions inventory for the VISTAS region. These emissions result from the data 

and procedures described in the preceding chapters of this report. 

A. ONROAD RESULTS 

Table VI-1 summarizes the latest 2002 VISTAS onroad emissions inventory by State. This table 

also summarizes the total VMT for each State. Tables VI-2 and VI-3 are provided here for the 

purpose of comparing this inventory with another existing onroad inventory. The emissions 

shown in Table VI-2 are taken from Version 2 of EPA’s 1999 NEI. Table VI-3 then shows the 

percentage change from the 1999 NEI to the 2002 draft VISTAS inventory. If the two 

inventories had been developed using comparable data, one would generally expect to see 

reductions in the onroad emissions from 1999 to 2002 due to fleet turnover resulting in the 

replacement of older, dirtier vehicles with vehicles meeting more stringent emission standards. 

However, this reduction in per-vehicle emissions also needs to overcome increases in VMT for 

the overall emissions to decrease. All of the VISTAS States show increases in VMT from 1999 

to 2002, except North Carolina. This decrease in VMT needs to be further investigated by the 

State agency. States that were modeled with significant State or locally supplied inputs in the 

VISTAS modeling, such as Virginia and Georgia, would be expected to have more significant 

differences from the NEI data than States with no State-supplied information other than VMT. 

Some of the State inputs that cause significant deviations from the NEI estimates are registration 

distributions, VMT mixes by vehicle type, and speeds by road type. In addition, some of the 

pollutants are more affected by these inputs, while others (such as NH3) are minimally affected 

by these inputs. The 2002 VISTAS onroad emissions will continue to undergo review. Any 

comments or questions on these emissions by the State or local agencies will be investigated as 

part of this review. 

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Table VI-1. 2002 VISTAS Onroad Emissions and VMT by State 

(February 2004 Version) 

 

 2002 Annual Emissions (tons per year) 2002 Annual VMT

State VOC NOx CO SO2 PM10 PM2.5 NH3 (million miles)

Alabama 99,650 154,908 1,275,969 6,515 4,344 3,231 5,619 55,723

Florida 457,309 463,419 4,678,471 19,739 12,666 9,232 18,240 178,681

Georgia 215,035 311,125 2,601,785 11,487 8,038 5,942 10,612 106,785

Kentucky 79,110 164,231 1,196,211 5,718 4,083 3,048 5,103 51,020

Mississippi 68,508 107,047 845,990 4,354 3,152 2,399 3,603 36,278

North Carolina 147,977 278,265 2,116,829 9,953 6,374 4,741 7,868 80,166

South Carolina 92,491 136,569 1,192,894 5,647 3,825 2,867 4,719 47,074

Tennessee 126,959 255,090 1,785,136 8,115 5,445 4,059 6,855 68,316

Virginia 115,044 182,513 1,858,629 6,110 4,413 3,032 7,937 76,566

West Virginia 34,197 57,941 512,592 2,361 1,550 1,155 1,947 19,544

VISTAS Total 1,436,279 2,111,108 18,064,506 79,999 53,890 39,705 72,504 720,153

Table VI-2. 1999 NEI Version 2 Onroad Emissions and VMT by State 

 

 1999 Annual Emissions (tons per year) 1999 Annual VMT

State VOC NOx CO SO2 PM10 PM2.5 NH3 (million miles)

Alabama 121,201 163,024 1,412,343 6,280 4,712 3,599 5,249 52,914

Florida 328,412 424,969 3,379,563 16,581 12,259 9,318 14,162 141,903

Georgia 207,562 313,568 2,526,592 12,028 9,263 7,139 9,787 98,859

Kentucky 97,286 162,160 1,225,414 6,006 4,772 3,715 4,703 47,816

Mississippi 74,579 126,344 830,477 4,478 3,908 3,106 3,406 34,955

North Carolina 187,346 285,380 2,252,671 10,829 8,462 6,552 8,663 87,759

South Carolina 98,010 153,346 1,207,336 5,616 4,515 3,527 4,330 44,146

Tennessee 138,629 211,133 1,697,778 7,876 6,108 4,716 6,392 64,570

Virginia 150,528 238,515 1,861,417 8,972 6,892 5,307 7,320 73,904

West Virginia 40,060 68,580 539,578 2,471 2,023 1,589 1,859 19,033

VISTAS Total 1,443,613 2,147,019 16,933,170 81,137 62,913 48,567 65,871 665,859

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Table VI-3. Change in Onroad Emissions and VMT from 1999 NEI Version 2 to 

VISTAS 2002 Inventory (February 2004 Version) 

 

 Change from 1999 NEI V2 to 2002 VISTAS Draft Inventory 

State VOC NOx CO SO2 PM10 PM2.5 NH3 VMT

Alabama -18% -5% -10% 4% -8% -10% 7% 5%

Florida 39% 9% 38% 19% 3% -1% 29% 26%

Georgia 4% -1% 3% -4% -13% -17% 8% 8%

Kentucky -19% 1% -2% -5% -14% -18% 9% 7%

Mississippi -8% -15% 2% -3% -19% -23% 6% 4%

North Carolina -21% -2% -6% -8% -25% -28% -9% -9%

South Carolina -6% -11% -1% 1% -15% -19% 9% 7%

Tennessee -8% 21% 5% 3% -11% -14% 7% 6%

Virginia -24% -23% 0% -32% -36% -43% 8% 4%

West Virginia -15% -16% -5% -4% -23% -27% 5% 3%

VISTAS Total -1% -2% 7% -1% -14% -18% 10% 8%

Table VI-4 presents the latest 2002 VISTAS onroad refueling emission estimates by State. 

These refueling emissions are NOT included in the emissions shown in Tables VI-1 through VI3. 

Table VI-4. 2002 VISTAS Annual Onroad Refueling Emissions 

State 

2002 Annual Onroad VOC Refueling Emissions 

(tons per year) 

Alabama 8,408 

Florida 28,367 

Georgia 12,329 

Kentucky 6,885 

Mississippi 6,057 

North Carolina 15,320 

South Carolina 8,926 

Tennessee 9,901 

Virginia 8,657 

West Virginia 3,383 

VISTAS Total 108,233 

B. NONROAD RESULTS 

Table VI-5 provides a summary of draft 2002 nonroad sector annual emissions by State, 

including Stage II refueling emission estimates. Table VI-6 provides a summary of the draft 

2002 NONROAD model emission estimates by State, and compares the values to 2001 

NONROAD model NEI Version 2 estimates by showing the percent difference. A similar 

comparison is shown in Table VI-7 for other nonroad emission estimates compared to the 1999 

NEI Version 2. 

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For the NONROAD model categories, SO2, PM10, PM2.5, and NH3 decrease consistently across 

all States. SO2 emissions decrease due in part to a lower diesel fuel sulfur content input for the 

NONROAD model runs, which also contributes to decreases in particulate emissions. The 

decrease in NH3 is due primarily to corrections made to compresses natural gas (CNG) engine 

NH3 emissions, which involved zeroing out the estimates. The 1999 NEI erroneously applied 

emission factors on a grams per gallon basis to CNG fuel consumption. Although reported as 

uncompressed gallons in the NONROAD model, the CNG fuel consumption estimates represent 

a gaseous, not liquid, volume. Based on OTAQ’s recommendations, CNG NH3 emissions are 

now reported as zero. CO and NOx show little change for all States, and changes in VOC vary 

by State and are dependent on the contribution of specific equipment categories (detail not 

shown). 

For other nonroad categories, the increase in PM10 and PM2.5 is due to the addition of 

commercial aircraft PM emissions. Commercial aircraft PM10 and PM2.5 emissions were zero in 

the 1999 NEI; hence, the large percent increase. To gap fill this portion of the inventory, Pechan 

calculated and applied an average air taxi PM/NOx emission ratio to commercial aircraft NOx

emissions. States with a higher proportion of commercial aircraft show significant PM increases 

(e.g., FL, TN, VA). In addition, NOx emissions decrease due to new State data for other nonroad 

from AL and VA. 

Table VI-5. Summary of Draft 2002 Nonroad Sector Annual Emissions by State, 

tons per year 

FIPSST STATE VOC NOX CO PM10-PRI PM25-PRI SO2 NH3 

01 Alabama 46,788 64,367 373,634 5,504 4,895 7,529 32

12 Florida 211,006 153,396 1,765,539 61,426 45,849 17,453 109

13 Georgia 66,712 87,053 712,159 10,411 8,666 7,914 55

21 Kentucky 35,537 100,989 294,929 8,538 7,249 13,771 28

28 Mississippi 33,443 90,190 217,407 5,795 5,194 11,537 23

37 North Carolina 75,020 81,264 742,822 12,814 10,379 7,281 62

45 South Carolina 43,231 46,518 375,469 4,115 3,678 4,465 29

47 Tennessee 52,333 118,690 461,976 14,727 11,692 12,478 41

51 Virginia 61,655 69,668 614,958 21,580 16,497 11,068 44

54 West Virginia 15,497 36,613 120,029 2,293 2,034 2,388 10

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Table VI-6. Summary of Draft 2002 NONROAD Model Emission Estimates by State 

2002 DRAFT VISTAS NONROAD Model Inventory, tpy

FIPSST STATE VOC_ANN NOX_ANN CO_ANN PM10_ANN PM25_ANN SO2_ANN NH3_ANN

01 Alabama 44,501.18 28,635.48 365,161.12 3,306.84 3,044.48 2,729.32 31.92

12 Florida 205,489.66 86,654.40 1,730,125.77 12,890.06 11,862.13 9,113.26 109.02

13 Georgia 65,054.02 51,452.93 705,292.75 5,493.33 5,057.34 5,025.11 54.97

21 Kentucky 32,836.91 28,253.72 283,488.53 3,152.29 2,901.82 2,777.69 28.00

28 Mississippi 31,097.14 23,549.89 207,824.23 2,761.65 2,542.05 2,375.53 23.37

37 North Carolina 73,610.93 58,667.62 734,496.85 6,095.96 5,613.11 5,442.35 62.06

45 South Carolina 41,652.41 26,212.76 366,737.16 3,028.92 2,788.66 2,461.79 29.29

47 Tennessee 48,626.66 39,833.95 446,461.43 4,240.53 3,904.21 3,810.11 41.22

51 Virginia 56,973.85 40,914.48 594,020.13 4,739.47 4,362.61 4,103.01 44.22

54 West Virginia 14,498.68 9,502.33 115,652.49 1,038.29 955.70 980.17 10.31

2001 NONROAD Model NEI Version 2, tpy

FIPSST STATE VOC_ANN NOX_ANN CO_ANN PM10_ANN PM25_ANN SOX_ANN NH3_ANN

01 Alabama 43,602.83 28,786.95 360,439.36 3,422.60 3,150.91 3,110.79 581.69

12 Florida 188,868.96 86,835.32 1,713,539.62 13,243.04 12,186.78 10,456.05 1,305.25

13 Georgia 63,927.85 51,521.66 698,868.77 5,678.55 5,227.63 5,749.47 989.31

21 Kentucky 31,662.34 28,350.32 279,283.79 3,274.35 3,014.06 3,127.88 463.74

28 Mississippi 29,037.96 23,671.70 205,664.64 2,877.28 2,648.40 2,668.55 359.21

37 North Carolina 69,671.36 58,742.13 724,908.46 6,300.02 5,800.72 6,196.92 1,223.82

45 South Carolina 39,310.79 26,304.57 363,112.01 3,130.17 2,881.75 2,817.02 507.81

47 Tennessee 47,193.97 39,916.38 440,915.76 4,395.90 4,047.06 4,337.42 749.51

51 Virginia 55,459.80 41,082.63 585,850.58 4,887.90 4,499.09 4,677.52 627.60

54 West Virginia 13,912.53 9,568.82 113,766.38 1,076.32 990.67 1,113.21 179.75

Percent Difference

FIPSST STATE VOC_ANN NOX_ANN CO_ANN PM10_ANN PM25_ANN SOX_ANN NH3_ANN

01 Alabama 2.06% -0.53% 1.31% -3.38% -3.38% -12.26% -94.51%

12 Florida 8.80% -0.21% 0.97% -2.67% -2.66% -12.84% -91.65%

13 Georgia 1.76% -0.13% 0.92% -3.26% -3.26% -12.60% -94.44%

21 Kentucky 3.71% -0.34% 1.51% -3.73% -3.72% -11.20% -93.96%

28 Mississippi 7.09% -0.51% 1.05% -4.02% -4.02% -10.98% -93.50%

37 North Carolina 5.65% -0.13% 1.32% -3.24% -3.23% -12.18% -94.93%

45 South Carolina 5.96% -0.35% 1.00% -3.23% -3.23% -12.61% -94.23%

47 Tennessee 3.04% -0.21% 1.26% -3.53% -3.53% -12.16% -94.50%

51 Virginia 2.73% -0.41% 1.39% -3.04% -3.03% -12.28% -92.95%

54 West Virginia 4.21% -0.69% 1.66% -3.53% -3.53% -11.95% -94.26%

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Table VI-7. Summary of Draft 2002 Other Nonroad* Emission Estimates by State 

2002 DRAFT VISTAS Other Nonroad Inventory, tpy

FIPSST STATE VOC_ANN NOX_ANN CO_ANN PM10_ANN PM25_ANN SO2_ANN 

01 Alabama 2,286.81 35,731.80 8,473.33 2,196.87 1,850.82 4,799.75 

12 Florida 5,516.71 66,741.52 35,413.13 48,536.33 33,987.28 8,340.05 

13 Georgia 1,657.99 35,599.76 6,865.94 4,917.40 3,609.14 2,889.06 

21 Kentucky 2,699.92 72,735.57 11,440.23 5,385.61 4,346.83 10,992.91 

28 Mississippi 2,345.96 66,640.48 9,582.89 3,033.69 2,652.14 9,161.66 

37 North Carolina 1,409.01 22,596.53 8,325.56 6,718.49 4,766.12 1,838.68 

45 South Carolina 1,578.34 20,304.80 8,732.26 1,086.01 889.24 2,002.78 

47 Tennessee 3,706.17 78,855.60 15,514.17 10,486.01 7,787.92 8,667.84 

51 Virginia 4,681.39 28,753.43 20,938.22 16,840.30 12,134.84 6,965.04 

54 West Virginia 998.41 27,110.49 4,376.64 1,254.86 1,077.93 1,408.05 

1999 Other Nonroad NEI Version 2, tpy

FIPSST STATE VOC_ANN NOX_ANN CO_ANN PM10_ANN PM25_ANN SO2_ANN 

01 Alabama 7,309.83 152,338.93 25,075.50 1,315.93 1,176.15 3,854.54 

12 Florida 3,945.18 56,197.72 25,350.10 2,110.74 1,881.95 6,878.28 

13 Georgia 2,594.07 39,245.14 12,198.09 1,072.08 953.43 3,070.41 

21 Kentucky 2,676.93 62,930.31 12,388.06 2,370.31 2,153.93 8,965.67 

28 Mississippi 1,755.99 48,927.22 8,072.51 1,917.16 1,747.89 7,051.91 

37 North Carolina 1,447.95 17,999.44 8,739.21 540.09 470.85 1,508.40 

45 South Carolina 2,470.03 18,034.10 13,291.47 561.99 503.60 1,858.19 

47 Tennessee 2,426.97 51,133.47 11,127.02 1,786.06 1,616.72 6,266.91 

51 Virginia 2,682.78 51,592.64 13,083.30 1,632.38 1,462.82 4,769.97 

54 West Virginia 1,133.03 30,991.75 4,858.71 1,151.55 1,048.38 4,097.15 

Percent Difference

FIPSST STATE VOC_ANN NOX_ANN CO_ANN PM10_ANN PM25_ANN SO2_ANN 

01 Alabama -69% -77% -66% 67% 57% 25% 

12 Florida 40% 19% 40% 2199% 1706% 21% 

13 Georgia -36% -9% -44% 359% 279% -6% 

21 Kentucky 1% 16% -8% 127% 102% 23% 

28 Mississippi 34% 36% 19% 58% 52% 30% 

37 North Carolina -3% 26% -5% 1144% 912% 22% 

45 South Carolina -36% 13% -34% 93% 77% 8% 

47 Tennessee 53% 54% 39% 487% 382% 38% 

51 Virginia 74% -44% 60% 932% 730% 46% 

54 West Virginia -12% -13% -10% 9% 3% -66% 

*Includes emissions from aircraft, commercial marine and locomotive SCCs 

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VII. OBSERVATIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS FOR 

IMPROVEMENT 

This chapter lists several areas where the onroad and nonroad emission inventories could be 

improved. Some of these improvements require a long lead-time for the States and would not 

likely be available for the final 2002 VISTAS modeling, but could improve future State and 

regional inventory efforts. 

A. ONROAD SECTOR IMPROVEMENTS 

In the onroad sector, significant improvements have been made to the inventory due to the State 

and local agencies providing 2002 VMT data by county and roadway type. For this February 

2004 version of the VISTAS onroad inventory, only the Virginia VMT were projected by 

Pechan. It is anticipated that this States will be able to provide 2002 VMT data for use in the 

next revision of the inventory. 

Local registration distribution data were provided by fewer than half of the VISTAS States. In 

many cases, registration data can be obtained from State Departments of Motor Vehicles. States 

that do not already do so should request a download of the data summarizing registrations by 

model year and vehicle class from their appropriate motor vehicle agency. Although it is 

probably too late in many cases to obtain 2002 data, 2003 registration data could be used with 

some adjustments in developing the 2002 emission inventories. Registration data will become 

even more important as VISTAS prepares to project a 2018 onroad emission inventory, since the 

2018 projections will be affected by the number of vehicles that are subject to the Tier 2 

emission standards and the new heavy duty vehicle standards. The registration distributions 

directly determine the proportion of vehicles subject to these new emission standards. 

A relatively small amount of data was obtained regarding the distribution of VMT by season or 

month. Many State Departments of Transportation collect data that could be used to better 

distribute VMT by season or month. States should check to see what is available. These 

distributions will affect the episodic modeling that will be conducted by VISTAS. Pechan is 

currently performing a VMT scoping study for VISTAS to determine what data are available for 

better allocating VMT and emissions by month, day, and hour. These temporal improvements 

are expected to be incorporated into the next update of the VISTAS onroad emission inventory. 

Due to the direct relationship between the VMT mix by vehicle type and the overall emissions, 

States should investigate potential sources of information for this data to replace the default data 

used here in most States. 

EPA is currently in the process of preparing guidance on estimating emissions from heavy duty 

vehicles during long-term idling (sometimes referred to as hotelling). While these emissions are 

theoretically included in the MOBILE6 HDDV emission factors, they are not currently 

accounted for in the appropriate locations. For example, these emissions would typically occur 

at rest stops, trucking centers, and warehouse and distribution centers. With the current 

modeling, these emissions are spread over all counties, based on the VMT traveled by HDDVs in 

each county. If significant sources of truck idling emissions occur in or near Class I areas, the 

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52 

current modeling may be underestimating the effect of these emissions. If States are able to 

obtain data on the locations and utilization of truck rest stops, some of this emissions effect could 

be more appropriately accounted for in future versions of VISTAS modeling. 

B. NONROAD SECTOR IMPROVEMENTS 

NH3 emissions for aircraft, commercial marine and locomotives are still reported as zero. As a 

result of recent communications with OTAQ, Pechan would suggest applying the updated 

nonroad diesel NH3 emission factors used for the NONROAD model categories to activity data 

for commercial marine vessels and locomotives. To develop ammonia from commercial marine 

vessels and locomotives, Pechan would need to obtain or compile the county-level fuel 

consumption estimates used as the basis for 1999 emissions for these categories to use as the 

activity data for calculating updated NH3 emissions. The presence of State or local data in the 

1999 NEI does not allow for this to be determined easily by backing out the reported emission 

factors, and in some cases (e.g., diesel commercial marine), actual emissions (instead of activity) 

were obtained at a national level and allocated to counties (EPA, 2002). Alternatively, Pechan 

could use county level fuel consumption estimates developed for these categories for 2000 or 

2001. These activity data were used by Pechan to estimate dioxin/furan emission estimates for 

the 2000 and 2001 NEI. Pechan could normalize the 2000 or 2001 county distribution to 

national level fuel consumption estimates for 1999. Due to the characteristics of aircraft jet and 

piston engines, Pechan does not recommend estimating aircraft NH3 emissions using the 

available NH3 emission factors. 

VIII. REFERENCES 

EPA, 1989: “Procedures for Emission Inventory Preparation, Volume IV: Mobile Sources.” 

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Mobile Sources and Office of Air Quality 

Planning and Standards, EPA 450/4-81-026d (Revised). July 1989. 

EPA, 2002. “Documentation for Aircraft, Commercial Marine Vessel, Locomotive, and Other 

Nonroad Components of the National Emissions Inventory,” prepared by Eastern 

Research Group, Morrisville, NC for the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office 

of Air Quality Planning and Standards, Research Triangle Park, NC. September 30, 

2002. 

Harvey, 1983. Craig Harvey, et al. “A Study of the Potential Impact of Some Unregulated 

Motor Vehicle Emissions.,” SAE Paper 830987. June 1983. 

Harvey, 2003. C. Harvey, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Transportation and 

Air Quality, e-mail entitled “NH3 Emission Updates,” sent to K. Thesing, E.H. Pechan & 

Associates, Inc. June 30, 2003. 

USACE, 2000: Waterborne Commerce of the United States, Calendar Year 1999, IWR-WCUS99-2 U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. 2000. 

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53 

USACE, 2003: U.S. Waterways Data, Port and Waterway Facilities, [Data file]. Accessed from 

U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, http://www.iwr.usace.army.mil/ndc/data/datapwd.htm on 

December 12, 2003. 

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MACTEC, Inc. 

Documentation of the Base G 2002 Base Year, 2009 and 2018, 

Emission Inventories for VISTAS 

Prepared for: 

Visibility Improvement State and Tribal Association of the Southeast 

(VISTAS) 

Prepared by: 

MACTEC, Inc. 

______________________ ______________________ 

William R. Barnard Edward Sabo 

Sr. Principal Scientist Principal Scientist

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MACTEC, Inc. 2

Table of Contents 

Introduction .................................................................................................................................................................1 

1.0 2002 BASE YEAR INVENTORY DEVELOPMENT ........................................................................................4

1.1 POINT SOURCES...........................................................................................................................................4

1.1.1 Development of 2002 Point Source Inventory .......................................................................................4

1.1.1.1 Data Sources ................................................................................................................................................ 5

1.1.1.2 Initial Data Evaluation ................................................................................................................................. 6

1.1.1.3 PM Augmentation........................................................................................................................................ 7

1.1.1.4 EGU Analysis ............................................................................................................................................ 10

1.1.1.5 QA Review of Base F Inventory................................................................................................................ 11

1.1.1.6 Additional Base G Updates and Corrections.............................................................................................. 12

1.1.1.7 Summary of Base G 2002 Inventory.......................................................................................................... 15

1.1.2 Development of Typical Year EGU inventory......................................................................................18

1.2 AREA SOURCES .........................................................................................................................................20

1.2.1 Development of a “typical” year fire inventory ..................................................................................22

1.2.2 Development of non-fire inventory ......................................................................................................31

1.2.3 2002 Base G inventory updates ...........................................................................................................34

1.2.3.1 Changes resulting from State review and comment ................................................................................... 34

1.2.4 Ammonia and paved road emissions....................................................................................................37

1.2.5 Global Changes Made for Base G.......................................................................................................38

1.2.6 Quality Assurance steps.......................................................................................................................39

1.3 MOBILE SOURCES .....................................................................................................................................40

1.3.1 Development of on-road mobile source input files and VMT estimates...............................................41

1.3.1.1 Emissions from on-road mobile sources .................................................................................................... 42

1.3.2 Development of non-road emission estimates......................................................................................45

1.3.2.1 Emissions from NONROAD model sources.............................................................................................. 45

1.3.2.2 Emissions from Commercial Marine Vessels, Locomotives, and Airplanes.............................................. 61

Base G Revisions: ..............................................................................................................................................78

1.3.2.3 Emissions from NONROAD Model Sources in Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio .............................................. 85

1.3.3 Quality Assurance steps.......................................................................................................................87

2.0 PROJECTION INVENTORY DEVELOPMENT............................................................................................88

2.1 POINT SOURCES.........................................................................................................................................88

2.1.1 EGU Emission Projections ..................................................................................................................88

2.1.1.1 Chronology of the Development of EGU Projections................................................................................ 88

2.1.1.2 VISTAS IPM runs for EGU sources.......................................................................................................... 92

2.1.1.3 Post-Processing of IPM Parsed Files ......................................................................................................... 93

2.1.1.4 Eliminating Double Counting of EGU Units ............................................................................................. 95

2.1.1.5 Quality Assurance steps............................................................................................................................. 96

2.1.1.6 S/L Adjustments to IPM Modeling Results for Base G Projections........................................................... 97

2.1.1.7 Summary of Base F and Base G 2009/2018 EGU Point Source Inventories ............................................. 98

2.1.2 Non-EGU Emission Projections ........................................................................................................110

2.1.2.1 Growth assumptions for non-EGU sources.............................................................................................. 110

2.1.2.2 Source Shutdowns.................................................................................................................................... 112

2.1.2.3 Control Programs applied to non-EGU sources ....................................................................................... 114

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2.1.2.4 Quality Assurance steps........................................................................................................................... 117

2.1.2.5 Additional Base G Updates and Corrections............................................................................................ 117

2.1.2.6 Summary of Revised 2009/2018 non-EGU Point Source Inventories...................................................... 117

2.2 AREA SOURCES .......................................................................................................................................123

2.2.1 Stationary area sources .....................................................................................................................123

2.2.1.1 Stationary area source controls ................................................................................................................ 125

2.2.1.2 Stationary area source growth.................................................................................................................. 127

2.2.1.3 Differences between 2009/2018............................................................................................................... 127

2.2.2 Agricultural area sources ..................................................................................................................128

2.2.2.1 Control assumptions for agricultural area sources ................................................................................... 128

2.2.2.2 Growth assumptions for agricultural area sources ................................................................................... 128

2.2.3 Changes to Prescribed Fire for 2009/2018 Base G...........................................................................133

2.2.4 Quality Assurance steps.....................................................................................................................138

2.3 MOBILE SOURCES ...................................................................................................................................138

2.3.1 Development of on-road mobile source input files ............................................................................141

2.3.1.1 Preparation of revised 2018 input data files............................................................................................. 141

2.3.1.2 Preparation of initial 2009 input data files ............................................................................................... 144

2.3.2 VMT Data ..........................................................................................................................................145

2.3.3 Base G Revisions ...............................................................................................................................150

2.3.4 Development of non-road emission estimates....................................................................................150

2.3.4.1 NONROAD model sources...................................................................................................................... 151

2.3.4.2 Non-NONROAD model sources.............................................................................................................. 153

2.3.4.3 Emissions from NONROAD Model Sources in Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio ............................................ 188

2.3.4.4 Differences between 2009/2018............................................................................................................... 188

2.3.5 Quality Assurance steps.....................................................................................................................189

Appendix A: State Emission Totals by Pollutant and Sector

Appendix B: State VMT totals

Appendix C: State Tier 1 Emission Totals

Appendix D: VISTAS Tier 1 Emission Totals 

Appendix E: Aircraft PM Excerpt from 2001 Tucson Report 

Appendix F: Comparison of Base F and Base G On-Road Mobile Emissions

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List of Tables 

Table I-1. Inventory Version in Use by Year and Source Sector Through Base G - 2002 

Table I-2. Inventory Version in Use by Year and Source Sector Through Base G - 2009 

Table I-3. Inventory Version in Use by Year and Source Sector Through Base G - 2018 

Table 1.1-1. State Data Submittals Used for the Base F 2002 Point Source Inventory 

Table 1.1-2. Comparison of Particulate Matter Emissions from the S/L Data Submittals and 

the Base G 2002 VISTAS Point Source Inventory 

Table 1.1-3. Summary of Updates and Corrections to the Base F 2002 Inventory Incorporated 

into the 2002 Base G Inventory 

Table 1.1-4. Base G 2002 VISTAS Point Source Inventory for SO2 (tons/year) 

Table 1.1-5. Base G 2002 VISTAS Point Source Inventory for NOx (tons/year) 

Table 1.1-6. Base G 2002 VISTAS Point Source Inventory for VOC (tons/year) 

Table 1.1-7. Base G 2002 VISTAS Point Source Inventory for CO (tons/year) 

Table 1.1-8. Base G 2002 VISTAS Point Source Inventory for PM10-PRI (tons/year) 

Table 1.1-9. Base G 2002 VISTAS Point Source Inventory for PM2.5 -PRI (tons/year) 

Table 1.1-10. Base G 2002 VISTAS Point Source Inventory for NH3 (tons/year) 

Table 1.1-11. Comparison of SO2 and NOx Emissions (tons/year) for EGUs from Base G 

Actual 2002 Inventory and Typical 2002 Inventory. 

Table 1.2-1. Emissions from Fires in the VISTAS Region – Comparison between Original 

Base Year 2002 (VISTAS 3.1), 2002 Actual and Typical Year Base G 

Emissions. 

Table 1.2-2. Summary of State Data Submittals for the 2002 VISTAS Area Source 

Base F Inventory 

Table 1.2-3. Data Source Codes and Data Sources for VISTAS 2002 Base F Area Source 

Emissions Inventory. 

Table 1.3-1. Representative day mapping for January episode 

Table 1.3-2. Summary of Base F NONROAD Modeling Revisions

Table 1.3-3. Base F NONROAD Input File Sequence and Structural Revisions 

Table 1.3-4. Summary of Base G NONROAD Modeling Revisions

Table 1.3-5. Spring 2006 NONROAD Input File Sequence and Structural Revisions 

Table 1.3-6. Initial 2002 Base Year Aircraft, Locomotive, and Non-Recreational Marine 

Emissions as Reported in February 2004 Pechan Report (annual tons) 

Table 1.3-7. PM-to-NOx Ratios by Aircraft Type in Initial 2002 Base Year Inventory 

Table 1.3-8. Tucson, AZ PM-to-NOx Ratios by Aircraft Type. 

Table 1.3-9. Non-Corresponding Aircraft Emissions Records 

Table 1.3-10. Initial 2002 Base Year Aircraft, Locomotive, and Non-Recreational Marine 

Emissions with Modified Aircraft PM Emission Rates (annual tons) 

Table 1.3-11. Change in Initial 2002 Base Year Emissions due to Aircraft PM Emission Rate 

Modifications 

Table 1.3-12. CERR Aircraft NOx Records with No Corresponding PM Record. 

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List of Tables (continued) 

Table 1.3-13. Calculated Emission Ratios for VA. 

Table 1.3-14. Base F 2002 Base Year Aircraft, Locomotive, and Non-Recreational Marine 

Emissions (tons/year) 

Table 1.3-15. Change in 2002 Emissions, Base F Inventory Relative to Initial Inventory 

Table 1.3-16. Base F Comparison of Aircraft Emissions (Airports with Aircraft NOx > 200 

tons per year)

Table 1.3-17. Base G VA Aircraft Records Updates 

Table 1.3-18. Calculated Base G Emission Ratios for VA 

Table 1.3-19. Base G-Revised 2002 Base Year Aircraft, Locomotive, and Non-Recreational 

Marine Emissions (tons/year) 

Table 1.3-20. Change in 2002 Emissions, Base G Inventory 

Relative to Base F Inventory 

Table 1.3-21. Base G Comparison of Aircraft Emissions (Airports with Aircraft NOx > 200 

tons per year)

Table 1.3-22. Non-Default Files Used for MRPO Modeling 

Table 2.1-1. Adjustments to IPM Control Determinations Specified by S/L Agencies for the 

Base G 2009/2018 EGU Inventories. 

Table 2.1-2. Other Adjustments to IPM Results Specified by S/L Agencies for the Base G 

2009/2018 EGU Inventories. 

Table 2.1-3. EGU Point Source SO2 Emission Comparison for 2002/2009/2018 

Table 2.1-4. EGU Point Source NOx Emission Comparison for 2002/2009/2018 

Table 2.1-5. EGU Point Source VOC Emission Comparison for 2002/2009/2018 

Table 2.1-6. EGU Point Source CO Emission Comparison for 2002/2009/2018 

Table 2.1-7. EGU Point Source PM10-PRI Emission Comparison for 2002/2009/2018 

Table 2.1-8. EGU Point Source PM2.5 -PRI Emission Comparison for 2002/2009/2018 

Table 2.1-9. EGU Point Source NH3 Emission Comparison for 2002/2009/2018 

Table 2.1-10. Summary of Source Shutdowns Incorporated in Base G Inventory 

Table 2.1-11. Non-EGU Point Source Control Programs Included in 2009/2018 

Projection Inventories. 

Table 2.1-12. Summary of Updates and Corrections to the Base F 2009/2018 Inventories 

Incorporated into the Base G 2009/2018 Inventories 

Table 2.1-13. Non-EGU Point Source SO2 Emission Comparison for 2002/2009/2018 

Table 2.1-14. Non-EGU Point Source NOx Emission Comparison for 2002/2009/2018 

Table 2.1-15. Non-EGU Point Source VOC Emission Comparison for 2002/2009/2018 

Table 2.1-16. Non-EGU Point Source CO Emission Comparison for 2002/2009/2018 

Table 2.1-17. Non-EGU Point Source PM10-PRI Emission Comparison for 2002/2009/2018 

Table 2.1-18. Non-EGU Point Source PM2.5-PRI Emission Comparison for 2002/2009/2018. 

Table 2.1-19. Non-EGU Point Source NH3 Emission Comparison for 2002/2009/2018 

List of Tables (continued) 

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Table 2.2-1 2002 Base Year Emissions and Percentage Difference for Base F and Base G 

 (based on actual emissions). 

Table 2.2-2 2019 Projection Year Emissions &Percentage Difference for Base F & Base G 

Table 2.2-3 2018 Projection Year Emissions & Percentage Difference for Base F & Base G 

Table 2.2-4 Percentage Difference Between Base F and Base G Fire Emissions by State 

Table 2.3-1. 2002 versus 2018 VMT (million miles per year) 

Table 2.3-2. VMT and HDD Rule Estimates for North Carolina (million miles per year) 

Table 2.3-3. VMT and HDD Rule Estimates for South Carolina (million miles per year) 

Table 2.3-4. VMT and HDD Rule Estimates for Tennessee (million miles per year) 

Table 2.3-5. VMT and HDD Rule Estimates for Virginia (million miles per year) 

Table 2.3-6. Pre-Base F 2002 Aircraft, Locomotive, and Non-Recreational Marine Emissions 

(annual tons, as of the fall of 2004) 

Table 2.3-7. Locally Generated Growth Factors for North Carolina 

Table 2.3-8. Estimated Emission Reduction Impacts based on T-4 Rule 

Table 2.3-9. Estimated Emission Reduction Impacts Relative to VISTAS 2002 Base 

Year Values 

Table 2.3-10. Diesel CMV Adjustment Ratios for Palm Beach County, FL 

Table 2.3-11. Overall Adjustment Factors for Palm Beach County, FL 

Table 2.3-12. SO2 Emissions for Diesel Rail in Autauga County, AL from the CAIR 

Projections 

Table 2.3-13 Growth Options based on CAIR Data 

Table 2.3-14. Base F 2009 Aircraft, Locomotive, and Non-Recreational Marine Emissions 

(annual tons) -- Based on Growth Using 1996 and 2020 EPA Inventories 

Table 2.3-15. Base F 2018 Aircraft, Locomotive, and Non-Recreational Marine Emissions 

(annual tons) -- Based on Growth Using 1996 and 2020 EPA Inventories 

Table 2.3-16. Change in Emissions between 2009 and 2002 Base F Inventories (Based on 

Growth Using 1996 and 2020 EPA Inventories) 

Table 2.3-17. Change in Emissions between 2018 and 2002 Base F Inventories (Based on 

Growth Using 1996 and 2020 EPA Inventories) 

Table 2.3-18. Base G 2002 Aircraft, Locomotive, and Non-Recreational Marine Emissions 

(annual tons) 

Table 2.3-19. Locally Generated Growth Factors for Kentucky 

Table 2.3-20. Base G 2009 Aircraft, Locomotive, and Non-Recreational Marine Emissions 

(annual tons) -- Based on Growth Using 1996 and 2020 EPA Inventories 

Table 2.3-21. Base G 2018 Aircraft, Locomotive, and Non-Recreational Marine Emissions 

(annual tons) -- Based on Growth Using 1996 and 2020 EPA Inventories 

Table 2.3-22. Change in Emissions between 2009 Base G and 2002 Base F Inventories (Based 

on Growth Using 1996 and 2020 EPA Inventories) 

Table 2.3-23. Change in Emissions between 2018 Base G and 2002 Base F Inventories (Based 

on Growth Using 1996 and 2020 EPA Inventories) 

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List of Figures 

Figure 1.2-1. CO Emissions from Agricultural Burning for the Original Base Year, 2002 

Actual Base G, and 2002 Typical Base G Inventories.

Figure 1.2-2. CO Emissions from Land Clearing Burning for the Original Base Year, 2002 

Actual Base G and 2002 Typical Base G Inventories. 

Figure 1.2-3. CO Emissions from Prescribed Burning for the Original Base Year, 2002 Actual 

Base G and 2002 Typical Base G Inventories. 

Figure 1.2-4. CO Emissions from Wildfire Burning for the Original Base Year, 2002 Actual 

Base G and 2002 Typical Base G Inventories. 

Figure 2.2-1. Prescribed Fire Projection for Okeefenokee NWR for 2009 

Figure 2.3-1. Impacts of the Apparent CAIR Inventory Discrepancy 

Figure 2.3-2. Total Aircraft, Locomotive, and CMV CO Emissions (Base F) 

Figure 2.3-3. Locomotive CO Emissions (Base F) 

Figure 2.3-4. Total Aircraft, Locomotive, and CMV NOx Emissions (Base F) 

Figure 2.3-5. Locomotive NOx Emissions (Base F) 

Figure 2.3-6. Total Aircraft, Locomotive, and CMV PM10 Emissions (Base F) 

Figure 2.3-7. Locomotive PM10 Emissions (Base F) 

Figure 2.3-8. Total Aircraft, Locomotive, and CMV PM2.5 Emissions (Base F) 

Figure 2.3-9. Locomotive PM2.5 Emissions (Base F) 

Figure 2.3-10. Total Aircraft, Locomotive, and CMV SO2 Emissions (Base F) 

Figure 2.3-11. Locomotive SO2 Emissions (Base F) 

Figure 2.3-12. Total Aircraft, Locomotive, and CMV VOC Emissions (Base F) 

Figure 2.3-13. Locomotive VOC Emissions (Base F) 

Figure 2.3-14. Total Aircraft, Locomotive, and CMV CO Emissions (Base G) 

Figure 2.3-15. Locomotive CO Emissions (Base G) 

Figure 2.3-16. Total Aircraft, Locomotive, and CMV NOx Emissions (Base G) 

Figure 2.3-17. Locomotive NOx Emissions (Base G) 

Figure 2.3-18. Total Aircraft, Locomotive, and CMV PM10 Emissions (Base G) 

Figure 2.3-19. Locomotive PM10 Emissions (Base G) 

Figure 2.3-20. Total Aircraft, Locomotive, and CMV PM2.5 Emissions (Base G) 

Figure 2.3-21. Locomotive PM2.5 Emissions (Base G) 

Figure 2.3-22. Total Aircraft, Locomotive, and CMV SO2 Emissions (Base G) 

Figure 2.3-23. Locomotive SO2 Emissions (Base G) 

Figure 2.3-24. Total Aircraft, Locomotive, and CMV VOC Emissions (Base G) 

Figure 2.3-25. Locomotive VOC Emissions (Base G) 

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Acronyms and Abbreviations 

AEO Annual Energy Outlook 

AF&PA American Forest and Paper Association 

APCD Air Pollution Control District 

ATP Anti-Tampering Program 

BLRID Boiler Identification (Boiler ID) 

CAA Clean Air Act 

CAIR Clean Air Interstate Rule 

CEM Continuous Emissions Monitoring 

CAMD Clean Air Markets Division 

CERR Consolidated Emissions Reporting Rule 

CMU Carnegie Mellon University 

CMV commercial marine vessels 

CE Control Efficiency 

CO carbon monoxide 

DENR North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources 

DHEC South Carolina Department of Health and Environmental Control 

EDMS Emissions Data Management Systems 

ESD Emissions Standards Division 

EPA Environmental Protection Agency 

EGU Electric Generating Unit 

ICF ICF International, Inc. 

FIP Federal Implementation Plan 

FLM Federal Land Manager 

FTP File transfer protocol 

FR Federal Register 

FS Forest Service 

HDD Heavy Duty Diesel 

HDD RULE Heavy Duty Diesel Rule 

ICF ICF International, Inc. 

ID Identification 

I/M Inspection and Maintenance 

IPM® Integrated Planning Model®

IAQTR Interstate Air Quality Transport Rule 

LTO Landing and take off 

MACT Maximum achievable control technology 

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Acronyms and Abbreviations (continued) 

MACTEC MACTEC Engineering and Consulting, Inc. 

MOBILE 6 MOBILE emissions estimation model version 6 

MRPO Midwest Regional Planning Organization 

NH3 Ammonia 

NEI National Emission Inventory 

NIF National Emission Inventory Format 

NLEV National Low Emission Vehicle regulation 

NMIM National Mobile Inventory Model 

NONROAD no acronym (model name) 

NOx Oxides of nitrogen 

NWR National Wildlife Refuge 

OTB On the books 

OTW On the way 

ORIS Office of Regulatory Information Systems 

OTAQ Office of Transportation and Air Quality 

OTC Ozone Transport Commission 

PFC Portable fuel containers 

PM Particulate matter 

PM10-FIL Particulate matter less than or equal to 10 microns in diameter that can be 

captured on a filter 

PM10-PRI Particulate matter less than or equal to 10 microns in diameter that includes 

both the filterable and condensable components of particulate matter 

PM2.5-FIL Particulate matter less than or equal to 2.5 microns in diameter that can be 

captured on a filter 

PM2.5-PRI Particulate matter less than or equal to 2.5 microns in diameter that includes 

both the filterable and condensable components of particulate matter 

PM-CON Particulate matter created by the condensation of hot materials to form 

particulates, usually less than 2.5 microns in diameter 

ppmW parts per million by weight 

PRI Primary 

QA/QC Quality Assurance/Quality Control 

QAPP Quality Assurance Project Plan 

REMI Regional Economic Models, Inc. 

RFG Reformulated gasoline 

RVP Reid Vapor Pressure 

SCC Source Classification Code 

Emissions Preparation & Results 

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Acronyms and Abbreviations (continued) 

SCR Selective Catalytic Reduction 

SIP State Implementation Plan 

SIWG Special Interest Workgroup 

S/L/T State/Local/Tribal 

SMOKE Sparse Matrix Operator Kernel Emissions Modeling System 

S/L State and Local 

SO2 Oxides of Sulfur 

T4 Tier 4 

VISTAS Visibility Improvement State and Tribal Association of the Southeast 

VMT Vehicle Miles Traveled 

VOC Volatile organic compounds 

WRAP Western Regional Air Partnership 

Emissions Preparation & Results 

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 Appendix D.5 - 71 

December 17, 2007
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MACTEC, Inc. 1

Documentation of the Base G 2002 Base Year, 2009 and 2018, 

Emission Inventories for VISTAS 

Introduction

History of VISTAS Base and Projection Year Emission Inventory Development 

This section is provided to supply the history behind the development of the base and 

projection year inventories provided to VISTAS. Through the various iterations, the 

inventories that have been developed have typically had version numbers provided by the 

contractors who developed the inventories and to a certain extent these were also based 

on their purpose. Different components of the 2002 base year inventories have been 

supplied by E.H. Pechan and Associates, Inc. (Pechan), MACTEC Engineering and 

Consulting, Inc. (MACTEC), and by Alpine Geophysics, Inc. 

The initial 2002 base year inventory was jointly developed by Pechan and MACTEC. 

Pechan developed the on-road and non-road mobile source components of the inventory 

while MACTEC developed the point and area source component of the inventory. This 

version of the inventory included updates to on-road mobile that incorporated 

information from the 1999 NEI Version 2 final along with updated information on VMT, 

fuel programs, and other inputs to the MOBILE6 model to produce a draft version of the 

2002 inventory. For non-road sources, a similar approach was used. Updated State 

information on temperatures and fuel characteristics were obtained from VISTAS States 

and used with the NONROAD 2002 model to calculate 2002 emissions for NONROAD 

model sources. These estimates were coupled with data for commercial marine vessels, 

locomotives and airplanes projected to 2002 using appropriate growth surrogates. A draft 

version of these inventories was prepared in late 2003, with a final version in early 2004. 

An overview of the development of the on-road component can be found at: 

http://www.vistas-sesarm.org/documents/Pechan_drafton-roadinventory_082803.ppt

while an overview of the non-road component can be found at: 

http://www.vistas-sesarm.org/documents/Pechan_Non-roadInventory_082803.ppt. 

Similarly, draft versions of the 2002 point and area source base year inventories were 

prepared by MACTEC in the same timeframe (late 2003 for the draft, final in early 

2004). The point source component was based on data submitted by the VISTAS States 

or on the 1999 NEI. The data submitted by the States ranged from 1999 to 2001 and was 

all projected to 2002 using appropriate growth surrogates from Economic Growth 

Emissions Preparation & Results 

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December 17, 2007
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MACTEC, Inc. 2

Analysis System (EGAS) version 4. Toxic Release Inventory (TRI) data were used to 

augment the inventory for NH3. Continuous Emissions Monitor (CEM) data from the 

U.S. EPA’s Clean Air Markets Division was used to supply emissions for electric 

generating utilities (EGUs). Particulate matter emissions were augmented (when missing) 

by using emission factor ratios. Details on all these calculations are discussed in Section 

1.1.1.3 of this document. 

The area source component of the 2002 draft base year emissions was prepared similarly 

to the point sources, using State submittals and the 1999 NEI Version 2 final as the basis 

for projecting emissions to 2002 using EGAS growth factors. For ammonia area sources 

the Carnegie Mellon University (CMU) ammonia model was used to calculate emissions. 

Finally, data on acreage burned on a fire by fire basis was solicited from State forestry 

agencies in order to calculate fire emissions on a fire by fire basis. Virtually all VISTAS 

State forestry agencies provided data for these calculations at least for wild and 

prescribed fires. An overview of the point and area source development methods can be 

found at: 

http://www.vistas-sesarm.org/documents/MACTEC_draftpointareainventory_82803.ppt. 

Three interim versions of the 2002 base year inventory were developed. The first was 

delivered in August of 2003, the second in April of 2004 and the final one in October of 

2004. The August 2003 and April 2004 inventories were prepared by MACTEC and 

Pechan. A draft version of the revised 2002 base year inventory was released in June of 

2004, with a final version released in October 2004. That 2002 base year inventory was 

solely prepared by MACTEC. The October 2004 inventory incorporated 2002 

Consolidated Emissions Reporting Rule (CERR) data into the inventory along with some 

updated data from the VISTAS States. This inventory is typically referred to as version 

3.1 of the VISTAS inventory 

Closely following the version 3.1 2002 base year inventory, a “preliminary” 2018 

projection inventory was developed. This “preliminary” 2018 inventory was developed in 

late 2004 (Oct/Nov) and was designed solely for use in modeling sensitivity runs to 

provide a quick and dirty assessment of what “on the books” and “on the way” controls 

could be expected to provide in terms of improvements to visibility and regional haze 

impairment. A brief overview of the history of the three versions of the 2002 base year 

and the 2018 preliminary inventory use can be found at: http://www.vistassesarm.org/documents/STAD1204/2002and2018Emissions14Dec2004.ppt. 

Following preparation of the final 3.1 version of the 2002 base year inventory, States 

were asked to review and provide comments on that inventory to MACTEC for update 

Emissions Preparation & Results 

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 Appendix D.5 - 73 

December 17, 2007
Documentation of the Base G 2002 Base Year, 2009 and 2018, Emission Inventories for VISTAS 

MACTEC, Inc. 3

and revision. At the same time MACTEC prepared a revised draft version of the 2018 

projection inventory (January 2005) and a draft version of a 2009 projection inventory 

(April 2005). All of these were known as version 3.1 and were provided to the VISTAS 

States for review and comment. Comments were received and updates to the inventories 

based on these comments were prepared. The revised inventories were provided to the 

VISTAS States. At that time to be consistent with the modeling nomenclature being used 

by AG in performing their modeling runs, the inventory became the Base F VISTAS 

inventory. The Base F inventory was delivered for review and comment in August of 

2005. In addition, MACTEC delivered a report entitled Documentation of the Revised 

2002 Base Year, Revised 2018, and Initial 2009 Emission Inventories for VISTAS on 

August 2, 2005 that described the methods used to develop the Base F inventories. For 

the Electric Generating Utilities (EGU) different versions of the Integrated Planning 

Model were used between Base D and Base F, resulting in different projections of future 

EGU emissions. 

Over the period from August 2005 until June/July 2006 MACTEC received comments 

and updates to some categories from VISTAS States, particularly EGU. In addition, a 

new NONROAD model (NONROAD05) was released. Thus additional updates to the 

inventory were prepared based on the comments received along with revised NONROAD 

emission estimates from NONROAD05. The resultant inventory became the Base G 

inventory. 

This document details the development of the Base G inventories for 2002, 2009 and 

2018. The information that follows describes the development of the VISTAS inventory 

by sector from version 3.1 forward. Unless specific updates were made to an inventory 

sector, the methods used for version 3.1 were retained. Similarly unless specific changes 

were made to methods used for Base F, Base G methods were the same as Base F/version 

3.1 (if unchanged in Base F). 

Table I-1 through Table I-3 indicate roughly which version of the inventory is in use for 

each sector of the inventory as of Base G. 

Emissions Preparation & Results 

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 Appendix D.5 - 74 

December 17, 2007
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Table I-1: Inventory Version in Use by Year and Source Sector Through Base G - 2002 

Source AL FL GA KY MS NC SC TN VA WV 

EGU Base G Base G Base G Base G Base G Base G Base G Base G Base G Base G 

Non-EGU 

Point 

Base F with 

some source 

specific 

revisions in 

Base G 

Base F with 

some source 

specific 

revisions in 

Base G 

Base F with 

some source 

specific 

revisions in 

Base G 

Base F with 

some source 

specific 

revisions in 

Base G 

Base F with 

some source 

specific 

revisions in 

Base G 

Base F with 

some source 

specific 

revisions in 

Base G 

Base F with 

some source 

specific 

revisions in 

Base G 

Base F with 

some source 

specific 

revisions in 

Base G 

Base F with 

some source 

specific 

revisions in 

Base G 

Base F with 

some source 

specific 

revisions in 

Base G 

Area1 Base F for 

ammonia 

sources 

(CMU 

Model) and 

for some area 

sources, 

Base G for 

selected 

sources 

updated by 

the State with 

State 

supplied data 

Base F except 

for some 

emissions 

zeroed out 

(and records 

removed) for 

some 

southern FL 

counties for 

Base G. 

Base F Base F Base F Base F for 

ammonia 

sources 

(CMU 

Model) and 

for some area 

sources, 

Base G for 

selected 

sources 

updated by 

the State with 

State 

supplied data. 

Some 

corrections 

applied by 

MACTEC to 

correct PM 

values 

Base F Base F Base F for 

ammonia 

Sources 

(CMU 

Model) and 

for some area 

sources, 

Base G for 

selected 

sources 

updated by 

the State with 

State 

supplied data. 

Base F 

On-road Base G Base G Base G Base G Base G Base G Base G Base G Base G Base G 

Non-road Base G for all 

sources 

included in 

the 

NONROAD 

model. 

Base F for 

nonNONROAD 

model 

sources, 

except 

aircraft and 

locomotives 

updated for 

Base G. 

Base G for all 

sources 

included in 

the 

NONROAD 

model. 

Base F for 

nonNONROAD 

model 

sources 

Base G for all 

sources 

included in 

the 

NONROAD 

model. 

Base F for 

nonNONROAD 

model 

sources 

Base G for all 

sources 

included in 

the 

NONROAD 

model. 

Base F for 

nonNONROAD 

model 

sources 

except for 

aircraft in 

Cincinnati/N. 

KY Int. 

Airport, 

which are 

Base G. 

Base G for all 

sources 

included in 

the 

NONROAD 

model. 

Base F for 

nonNONROAD 

model 

sources 

Base G for all 

sources 

included in 

the 

NONROAD 

model. NC 

moved from 

Southern to 

Mid-Atlantic 

State in 

seasonal 

adjustment 

file. 

Base F for 

nonNONROAD 

model 

sources 

Base G for all 

sources 

included in 

the 

NONROAD 

model. 

Base F for 

nonNONROAD 

model 

sources 

Base G for all 

sources 

included in 

the 

NONROAD 

model. 

Base F for 

nonNONROAD 

model 

sources 

Base G for all 

sources 

included in 

the 

NONROAD 

model. 

Base F for 

nonNONROAD 

model 

sources, 

except for 

aircraft 

emissions 

which are 

Base G. 

Base G for all 

sources 

included in 

the 

NONROAD 

model. 

Base F for 

nonNONROAD 

model 

sources 

Fires Base F 

Typical 

Base F 

Typical 

Base F 

Typical 

Base F 

Typical 

Base F 

Typical 

Base F 

Typical 

Base F 

Typical 

Base F 

Typical 

Base F 

Typical 

Base F 

Typical 

Notes: 

Base G global Area Source changes that apply to ALL States: A) removal of Stage II refueling from area source file to non-road and on-road; B) 

modification of PM2.5 ratio for several fugitive dust sources per WRAP methodology; C) addition of portable fuel container (PFC) emissions to all 

States based on OTAQ report. 

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

 Appendix D.5 - 75 

December 17, 2007
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MACTEC, Inc. 2

Table I-2: Inventory Version in Use by Year and Source Sector Through Base G - 2009 

Source AL FL GA KY MS NC SC TN VA WV 

EGU1 Base G Base G Base G Base G Base G Base G Base G Base G Base G Base G 

Non-EGU 

Point2

Base F 

methodology 

but with 

revised 

growth 

factors for 

fuel fired 

sources in 

Base G 

Base F 

methodology 

but with 

revised 

growth 

factors for 

fuel fired 

sources in 

Base G 

Base F 

methodology 

but with 

revised 

growth 

factors for 

fuel fired 

sources in 

Base G 

Base F 

methodology 

but with 

revised 

growth 

factors for 

fuel fired 

sources in 

Base G 

Base F 

methodology 

but with 

revised 

growth 

factors for 

fuel fired 

sources in 

Base G 

Base F 

methodology 

but with 

revised 

growth 

factors for 

fuel fired 

sources in 

Base G 

Base F 

methodology 

but with 

revised 

growth 

factors for 

fuel fired 

sources in 

Base G 

Base F 

methodology 

but with 

revised 

growth 

factors for 

fuel fired 

sources in 

Base G 

Base F 

methodology 

but with 

revised 

growth 

factors for 

fuel fired 

sources in 

Base G 

Base F 

methodology 

but with 

revised 

growth 

factors for 

fuel fired 

sources in 

Base G 

Area Base F with 

updated AEO 

growth 

factors for 

fuel fired 

sources. 

Agricultural 

ammonia 

sources from 

CMU model. 

Base F with 

updated AEO 

growth 

factors for 

fuel fired 

sources. 

Agricultural 

ammonia 

sources from 

CMU model. 

Base F with 

updated AEO 

growth 

factors for 

fuel fired 

sources. 

Agricultural 

ammonia 

sources from 

CMU model. 

Base F with 

updated AEO 

growth 

factors for 

fuel fired 

sources. 

Agricultural 

ammonia 

sources from 

CMU model. 

Base F with 

updated AEO 

growth 

factors for 

fuel fired 

sources. 

Agricultural 

ammonia 

sources from 

CMU model. 

Base F with 

updated AEO 

growth 

factors for 

fuel fired 

sources. 

Agricultural 

ammonia 

sources from 

CMU model. 

Some 

specific 

source 

categories 

updated using 

State 

supplied file 

to override 

projected 

values. 

Base F with 

updated AEO 

growth 

factors for 

fuel fired 

sources. 

Agricultural 

ammonia 

sources from 

CMU model. 

Base F with 

updated AEO 

growth 

factors for 

fuel fired 

sources. 

Agricultural 

ammonia 

sources from 

CMU model. 

Base F with 

updated AEO 

growth 

factors for 

fuel fired 

sources. 

Agricultural 

ammonia 

sources from 

CMU model. 

Base F with 

updated AEO 

growth 

factors for 

fuel fired 

sources. 

Agricultural 

ammonia 

sources from 

CMU model. 

On-road Base G Base G Base G Base G Base G Base G Base G Base G Base G Base G 

Non-road Base G for all 

sources 

included in 

the 

NONROAD 

model. 

Base F 

projection 

methodology 

used for nonNONROAD 

model 

sources. 

Base G for all 

sources 

included in 

the 

NONROAD 

model. 

Base F 

projection 

methodology 

used for nonNONROAD 

model 

sources 

Base G for all 

sources 

included in 

the 

NONROAD 

model. 

Base F 

projection 

methodology 

used for nonNONROAD 

model 

sources 

Base G for all 

sources 

included in 

the 

NONROAD 

model. 

Base F 

projection 

methodology 

used for nonNONROAD 

model 

sources 

except for 

aircraft in 

Cincinnati/N. 

KY Int. 

Airport, 

which are 

Base G using 

State 

supplied 

growth 

factors. 

Base G for all 

sources 

included in 

the 

NONROAD 

model. 

Base F 

projection 

methodology 

used for nonNONROAD 

model 

sources 

Base G for all 

sources 

included in 

the 

NONROAD 

model. 

Base F 

projection 

methodology 

used for nonNONROAD 

model 

sources 

Base G for all 

sources 

included in 

the 

NONROAD 

model. 

Base F 

projection 

methodology 

used for nonNONROAD 

model 

sources 

Base G for all 

sources 

included in 

the 

NONROAD 

model. 

Base F 

projection 

methodology 

used for nonNONROAD 

model 

sources 

Base G for all 

sources 

included in 

the 

NONROAD 

model. 

Base F 

projection 

methodology 

used for nonNONROAD 

model 

sources 

Base G for all 

sources 

included in 

the 

NONROAD 

model. 

Base F 

projection 

methodology 

used for nonNONROAD 

model 

sources 

Fires Base F 

typical except 

for Rx fires 

Base F 

typical 

Base F 

typical except 

for Rx fires 

Base F 

typical except 

for Rx fires 

Base F 

typical except 

for Rx fires 

Base F 

typical except 

for Rx fires 

Base F 

typical except 

for Rx fires 

Base F 

typical except 

for Rx fires 

Base F 

typical except 

for Rx fires 

Base F 

typical except 

for Rx fires 

Notes: 

1. All EGU emissions updated with new IPM runs in Base G 

2. Revised growth factors from DOE AEO2006 fuel use projections 

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

 Appendix D.5 - 76 

December 17, 2007
Documentation of the Base G 2002 Base Year, 2009 and 2018, Emission Inventories for VISTAS 

MACTEC, Inc. 3

Table I-3: Inventory Version in Use by Year and Source Sector Through Base G - 2018 

Source AL FL GA KY MS NC SC TN VA WV 

EGU1 Base G Base G Base G Base G Base G Base G Base G Base G Base G Base G 

Non-EGU 

Point2

Base F 

methodology 

but with 

revised 

growth 

factors for 

fuel fired 

sources in 

Base G 

Base F 

methodology 

but with 

revised 

growth 

factors for 

fuel fired 

sources in 

Base G 

Base F 

methodology 

but with 

revised 

growth 

factors for 

fuel fired 

sources in 

Base G 

Base F 

methodology 

but with 

revised 

growth 

factors for 

fuel fired 

sources in 

Base G 

Base F 

methodology 

but with 

revised 

growth 

factors for 

fuel fired 

sources in 

Base G 

Base F 

methodology 

but with 

revised 

growth 

factors for 

fuel fired 

sources in 

Base G 

Base F 

methodology 

but with 

revised 

growth 

factors for 

fuel fired 

sources in 

Base G 

Base F 

methodology 

but with 

revised 

growth 

factors for 

fuel fired 

sources in 

Base G 

Base F 

methodology 

but with 

revised 

growth 

factors for 

fuel fired 

sources in 

Base G 

Base F 

methodology 

but with 

revised 

growth 

factors for 

fuel fired 

sources in 

Base G 

Area Base F with 

updated AEO 

growth 

factors for 

fuel fired 

sources. 

Agricultural 

ammonia 

sources from 

CMU model. 

Base F with 

updated AEO 

growth 

factors for 

fuel fired 

sources. 

Agricultural 

ammonia 

sources from 

CMU model. 

Base F with 

updated AEO 

growth 

factors for 

fuel fired 

sources. 

Agricultural 

ammonia 

sources from 

CMU model. 

Base F with 

updated AEO 

growth 

factors for 

fuel fired 

sources. 

Agricultural 

ammonia 

sources from 

CMU model. 

Base F with 

updated AEO 

growth 

factors for 

fuel fired 

sources. 

Agricultural 

ammonia 

sources from 

CMU model. 

Base F with 

updated AEO 

growth 

factors for 

fuel fired 

sources. 

Agricultural 

ammonia 

sources from 

CMU model. 

Some 

specific 

source 

categories 

updated 

using State 

supplied file 

to override 

projected 

values. 

Base F with 

updated AEO 

growth 

factors for 

fuel fired 

sources. 

Agricultural 

ammonia 

sources from 

CMU model. 

Base F with 

updated AEO 

growth 

factors for 

fuel fired 

sources. 

Agricultural 

ammonia 

sources from 

CMU model. 

Base F with 

updated AEO 

growth 

factors for 

fuel fired 

sources. 

Agricultural 

ammonia 

sources from 

CMU model. 

Base F with 

updated AEO 

growth 

factors for 

fuel fired 

sources. 

Agricultural 

ammonia 

sources from 

CMU model. 

On-road Base G Base G Base G Base G Base G Base G Base G Base G Base G Base G 

Non-road Base G for 

all sources 

included in 

the 

NONROAD 

model. 

Base F 

projection 

methodology 

used for nonNONROAD 

model 

sources. 

Base G for 

all sources 

included in 

the 

NONROAD 

model. 

Base F 

projection 

methodology 

used for nonNONROAD 

model 

sources 

Base G for 

all sources 

included in 

the 

NONROAD 

model. 

Base F 

projection 

methodology 

used for nonNONROAD 

model 

sources 

Base G for 

all sources 

included in 

the 

NONROAD 

model. 

Base F 

projection 

methodology 

used for nonNONROAD 

model 

sources 

except for 

aircraft in 

Cincinnati/N. 

KY Int. 

Airport, 

which are 

Base G using 

State 

supplied 

growth 

factors. 

Base G for 

all sources 

included in 

the 

NONROAD 

model. 

Base F 

projection 

methodology 

used for nonNONROAD 

model 

sources 

Base G for 

all sources 

included in 

the 

NONROAD 

model. 

Base F 

projection 

methodology 

used for nonNONROAD 

model 

sources 

Base G for 

all sources 

included in 

the 

NONROAD 

model. 

Base F 

projection 

methodology 

used for nonNONROAD 

model 

sources 

Base G for 

all sources 

included in 

the 

NONROAD 

model. 

Base F 

projection 

methodology 

used for nonNONROAD 

model 

sources 

Base G for 

all sources 

included in 

the 

NONROAD 

model. 

Base F 

projection 

methodology 

used for nonNONROAD 

model 

sources 

Base G for 

all sources 

included in 

the 

NONROAD 

model. 

Base F 

projection 

methodology 

used for nonNONROAD 

model 

sources 

Fires Base F 

typical 

except for Rx 

fires 

Base F 

typical 

Base F 

typical 

except for Rx 

fires 

Base F 

typical 

except for Rx 

fires 

Base F 

typical 

except for Rx 

fires 

Base F 

typical 

except for Rx 

fires 

Base F 

typical 

except for Rx 

fires 

Base F 

typical 

except for Rx 

fires 

Base F 

typical 

except for Rx 

fires 

Base F 

typical 

except for Rx 

fires 

Notes: 

1. All EGU emissions updated with new IPM runs in Base G 

2. Revised growth factors from DOE AEO2006 fuel use projections 

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

 Appendix D.5 - 77 

December 17, 2007
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MACTEC, Inc. 4

1.0 2002 Base Year Inventory Development 

1.1 Point Sources 

This section details the development of the 2002 base year inventory for point sources. There 

were two major components to the development of the point source sector of the inventory. The 

first component was the incorporation of data submitted by the Visibility Improvement State and 

Tribal Association of he Southeast (VISTAS) States and local (S/L) agencies to the United States 

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) as part of the Consolidated Emissions Reporting Rule 

(CERR) requirements Work on incorporating the CERR data into the revised base year 

involved: 1) obtaining the data from EPA or the S/L agency, 2) evaluating the emissions and 

pollutants reported in the CERR submittals, 3) augmenting CERR data with annual emission 

estimates for PM10-PRI and PM2.5-PRI; 4) evaluating the emissions from electric generating 

units, 5) completing quality assurance reviews for each component of the point source inventory, 

and 6) updating the database with corrections or new information from S/L agencies based on 

their review of the 2002 inventory. The processes used to perform those operations are described 

in the first portion of this section. 

The second component was the development of a “typical” year inventory for electric generating 

units (EGUs). VISTAS determined that a typical year electric generating units (EGU) inventory 

was necessary to smooth out any anomalies in emissions from the EGU sector due to 

meteorology, economic, and outage factors in 2002. The typical year EGU inventory is intended 

to represent the five year (2000-2004) period that will be used to determine the regional haze 

reasonable progress goals. The second part of this section discusses the development of the 

typical year EGU inventory. 

1.1.1 Development of 2002 Point Source Inventory 

MACTEC developed a draft 2002 emission inventory in June 2004 (Development of the Draft 

2002 VISTAS Emission Inventory for Regional Haze Modeling – Point Sources, MACTEC, June 

18, 2004). The starting point for the draft 2002 emission inventory was EPA’s 1999 National 

Emission Inventory (NEI), Version 2 Final (NEI99V2). For several states, we replaced the 

NEI99V2 data with more recent inventories for either calendar year 1999, 2000, or 2001 as 

submitted by the S/L agencies. We also performed several other updates, including updating 

emission estimates for selected large source of ammonia, incorporating 2002 Continuous 

Emissions Monitoring-(CEM)-based SO2 and NOx emissions for electric utilities, adding PM10

and PM2.5 emissions when they were missing from an S/L submittal, and performing a variety of 

additional Quality assurance/Quality control (QA/QC) checks. 

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

 Appendix D.5 - 78 

December 17, 2007
Documentation of the Base G 2002 Base Year, 2009 and 2018, Emission Inventories for VISTAS 

MACTEC, Inc. 5

The next version of the 2002 inventory (referred to as Base F) was released in August 2005 

(Documentation of the Revised 2002 Base Year, Revised 2018, and Initial 2009 Emission 

Inventories for VISTAS, MACTEC, August 2, 2005). The primary task in preparing the Base F 

2002 base year inventory was the replacement of NEI99V2 data with data submitted by the 

VISTAS S/L agencies as part of the CERR submittal and included in EPA’s 2002 NEI. 

The current version of the 2002 inventory (referred to as Base G) was released in August 2006 

and is documented in this report. The primary task in preparing the Base G 2002 base year 

inventory was the incorporation of corrections and new information as submitted by the S/L 

agencies based on their review of the Base F inventory. The following subsections document the 

data sources for the Base G inventory, the checks made on the CERR submittals, the process for 

augmenting the inventory with PM10 and PM2.5 emissions, the evaluation of EGU emissions, 

other QA/QC checks, and other Base G updates. The final subsection summarizes the Base G 

2002 inventory by state, pollutant, and sector (EGU and non-EGU). 

1.1.1.1 Data Sources 

Several data sources were used to compile the Base F point source inventory: 1) the inventories 

that the S/L submitted to EPA from May through July 2004 as required by the CERR; 

2) supplemental data supplied by the S/L agencies that may have been revised or finalized after 

the CERR submittal to EPA, and 3) the draft VISTAS 2002 inventory in cases where S/L CERR 

data were not available. For the Base G inventory, we replaced data from Hamilton County, 

Tennessee, using data from Hamilton County’s CERR submittal as contained in EPA’s 2002 NEI 

inventory (in Base F, the inventory for Hamilton County was based on the draft VISTAS 2002 

inventory, which in turn was based on the 1999 NEI). 

Table 1.1-1 summarizes the data used as the starting point for the Base F 2002 inventory. Once 

all of the files were obtained, MACTEC ran the files through the EPA National Emission 

Inventory Format (NIF) Basic Format and Content checking tool to ensure that the files were 

submitted in standard NIF format and that there were no referential integrity issues with those 

files. In a couple of cases small errors were found. For example, in one case non-standard 

pollutant designations were used for particulate matter (PM) and ammonia emissions. MACTEC 

contacted each VISTAS State point source contact person to resolve the issues with the files and 

corrections were made. Once all corrections to the native files were made, MACTEC continued 

with the incorporation of the data into the VISTAS point source files. S/L agencies completed a 

detailed review of the Base F inventory. Additional updates and corrections to the Base F 

inventory were requested by S/L agencies and incorporated into the Base G inventory. The Base 

G changes are documented in more detail in Section 1.1.1.6. 

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Table 1.1-1. State Data Submittals Used for the Base F 2002 Point Source Inventory. 

State / Local Program Point Source Emissions Data Source 

AL C 

FL B 

GA B 

KY C 

MS B 

NC C 

SC C 

TN C 

VA B 

WV B 

Davidson County, TN B 

Hamilton County, TN D 

Memphis/Shelby County, TN B 

Knox County, TN B 

Jefferson County, AL B 

Jefferson County, KY B 

Buncombe County, NC B 

Forsyth County, NC B 

Mecklenburg County, NC B 

Key 

A = Draft VISTAS 2002 

B = CERR Submittal from EPA's file transfer protocol (FTP) site 

C = Other (CERR or other submittal sent directly from S/L agency to MACTEC) 

D = CERR Submittal from EPA’s NEI 2002 Final Inventory 

1.1.1.2 Initial Data Evaluation 

For the Base F inventory, we conducted an initial review of the 2002 point source CERR data in 

accordance with the QA procedures specified in the Quality Assurance Project Plan (QAPP) for 

this project. The following evaluations were completed to identify potential data quality issues 

associated with the CERR data: 

• Compared the number of sites in the CERR submittal to the number of sites in the 

VISTAS draft 2002 inventory; for all States, the number of sites in the CERR submittal 

was less than in the VISTAS draft 2002 inventory, since the CERR data was limited to 

major sources, while the VISTAS draft 2002 inventory contained data for both major and 

minor sources; verified with S/L contacts that minor sources not included in the CERR 

point source inventory were included in the CERR area source inventory. 

• Checked for correct pollutant codes and corrected to make them NIF-compliant; for 

example, some S/L agencies reported ammonia emissions using the CAS Number or as 

“ammonia”, rather than the NIF-compliant “NH3” code. 

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• Checked for types of particulate matter codes reported (i.e., PM-FIL, PM-CON, PM-PRI, 

PM10-PRI, PM10-FIL, PM2.5-PRI, PM2.5-FIL); corrected codes with obvious errors 

(i.e., changed PMPRI to PM-PRI). (The PM augmentation process for filling in missing 

PM pollutants is discussed later in Section 1.1.1.3) 

• Converted all emission values that weren’t in tons to tons to allow for preparation of 

emission summaries using consistent units. 

• Checked start and end dates in the PE and EM tables to confirm consistency with the 

2002 base year. 

• Compared annual and daily emissions when daily emissions were reported; in some 

cases, the daily value was non-zero (but very small) but the annual value was zero. This 

was generally the result of rounding in an S/L agency’s submittal. 

• Compared ammonia emissions as reported in the CERR submittals and the 2002 Toxics 

Release Inventory; worked with S/L agencies to resolve any outstanding discrepancies. 

• Compared SO2 and NOx emissions for EGUs to EPA’s Clean Air Markets Division CEM 

database to identify any outstanding discrepancies. (A full discussion of the EGU 

emissions analysis is discussed later in Section 1.1.1.4) 

• Prepared State-level emission summaries by pollutant for both the EGU and non-EGU 

sectors to allow S/L agencies to compare emissions as reported in the 1999 NEI 

Version 2, the VISTAS draft 2002 inventory, and the CERR submittals. 

• Prepared facility-level emission summaries by pollutant to allow S/L agencies to review 

facility level emissions for reasonableness and accuracy. 

We communicated the results of these analyses through email/telephone exchanges with the S/L 

point source contacts as well as through Excel summary spreadsheets. S/L agencies submitted 

corrections and updates as necessary to resolve any QA/QC issues from these checks. 

1.1.1.3 PM Augmentation 

Particulate matter emissions can be reported in many different forms, as follows: 

PM Category Description 

PM-PRI Primary PM (includes filterable and condensable) 

PM-CON Primary PM, condensable portion only (all less than 1 micron) 

PM-FIL Primary PM, filterable portion only 

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PM10-PRI Primary PM10 (includes filterable and condensable) 

PM10-FIL Primary PM10 filterable portion only 

PM2.5 -PRI Primary PM2.5 (includes filterable and condensable) 

PM2.5 -FIL Primary PM2.5 filterable portion only 

S/L agencies did not report PM emissions in a consistent manner. The State/local inventories 

submitted for VISTAS included emissions data for either PM-FIL, PM-PRI, PM10-FIL, 

PM10-PRI, PM2.5 -FIL, PM2.5 -PRI, and/or PM-CON. From any one of these pollutants, EPA has 

developed augmentation procedures to estimate PM10-PRI, PM10-FIL, PM2.5 -PRI, PM2.5 -FIL, 

and PM-CON. If not included in a State/local inventory, PM10-PRI and PM2.5 -PRI were 

calculated by adding PM10-FIL and PM-CON or PM2.5 -FIL and PM-CON, respectively. 

The procedures for augmenting point source PM emissions are documented in detail in 

Appendix C of Documentation for the Final 1999 National Emissions Inventory {Version 3} for 

Criteria Air Pollutants and Ammonia – Point Sources, January 31, 2004). Briefly, the PM data 

augmentation procedure includes the following five steps: 

• Step 1: Prepare S/L/T PM and PM10 Emissions for Input to the PM Calculator 

• Step 2: Develop and Apply Source-Specific Conversion Factors 

• Step 3: Prepare Factors from PM Calculator 

• Step 4: Develop and Apply Algorithms to Estimate Emissions from S/L/T Inventory Data 

• Step 5: Review Results and Update the NEI with Emission Estimates and Control 

Information. 

Please refer to the EPA documentation for a complete description of the PM augmentation 

procedures. 

Table 1.1-2 compares the original PM emission estimates from the S/L CERR submittals and the 

revised 2002 VISTAS emissions estimates calculated using the above methodology. This table is 

intended to show that we took whatever States provided in the way of PM and filled in gaps to 

add in PM-CON where emissions were missing in order to calculate PM10-PRI and PM2.5 -PRI 

for all processes to get a complete set of particulate data. We did not compare any other 

pollutants besides PM, since for other pollutants CERR emissions equal VISTAS emissions. As 

noted in Table 1.1-2, we made significant revisions to the PM emissions for Kentucky in the 

Base F inventory and for South Carolina in the Base G inventory. 

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Table 1.1-2. Comparison of Particulate Matter Emissions from the S/L Data Submittals 

and the Base G 2002 VISTAS Point Source Inventory 

State Database PM-PRI PM-FIL PM-CON PM10-PRI PM10-FIL PM2.5 -PRI PM2.5 -FIL 

AL CERR 28,803 9,174 0 16,522 6,548 8,895 4,765 

 VISTAS 43,368 33,336 10,129 32,791 22,661 23,290 13,328 

FL CERR 0 33,732 0 0 32,254 0 0 

 VISTAS 61,728 37,325 24,403 57,243 32,840 46,147 21,744 

GA CERR 42,846 0 0 27,489 0 15,750 0 

 VISTAS 44,835 37,088 7,799 33,202 25,403 22,777 15,085 

KY CERR 0 3,809 0 19,748 1,360 0 0 

 VISTAS 27,719 22,349 5,329 21,326 15,963 14,173 8,749 

MS CERR 23,925 0 0 20,968 0 10,937 0 

 VISTAS 23,928 17,632 6,296 21,089 14,793 11,044 5,739 

NC CERR 48,110 0 0 36,222 0 24,159 0 

 VISTAS 48,114 41,407 6,708 36,992 30,284 27,512 21,113 

SC CERR 0 43,837 0 0 32,656 0 21,852 

 VISTAS 43,844 38,633 5,210 34,799 29,588 26,418 21,207 

TN CERR 1,660 25,500 21,482 43,413 22,164 34,167 12,140 

 VISTAS 56,797 32,085 24,715 50,937 26,269 41,442 16,774 

VA CERR 0 0 0 17,065 0 12,000 0 

 VISTAS 40,856 36,414 4,442 17,065 12,623 12,771 8,607 

WV CERR 0 29,277 0 0 14,778 0 8445 

 VISTAS 36,188 29,392 6,795 22,053 15,258 15,523 8,733 

Note 1: CERR refers to data as submitted by S/L agencies; VISTAS refers to data calculated by MACTEC using 

the PM augmentation methodologies described in this document. 

Note 2: KY DEP’s initial CERR submittal reported particulate matter emissions using only PM-PRI pollutant code. 

MACTEC used this pollutant code during the initial PM augmentation routine. In February 2005, KY DEP 

indicated that data reported using the PM-PRI code should actually have been reported using the PM10-PRI 

code. MACTEC performed a subsequent PM augmentation in April 2005 using the PM10-PRI code. These 

changes were reflected in the Base F emission inventory. 

Note 3: South Carolina Department of Health and Environmental Control (SC DHEC) initial CERR submittal 

reported particulate matter emissions using the PM-FIL, PM10-FIL, and PM2.5 -FIL pollutant codes. 

MACTEC used these pollutant codes during the initial PM augmentation routine. In August 2005, SC 

DHEC indicated that data reported using the PM-FIL, PM10-FIL, and PM2.5 -FIL pollutant codes should 

actually have been reported using the PM-PRI, PM10-PRI, and PM2.5 _PRI codes. MACTEC performed a 

subsequent PM augmentation in April 2006 using the revised pollutant codes. These changes were reflected 

in the Base G emission inventory. 

Note 4: The emission values in the VISTAS emission rows above differ slightly from the final values in the Base G 

inventory. This is due to several corrections and updates to the 2002 inventory submitted by S/L agencies 

after the PM augmentation was performed as discussed in Section 1.1.1.6. 

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After the PM augmentation process was performed, we executed a series of checks to 

identify potential inconsistencies in the PM inventory. These checks included: 

• PM-PRI less than PM10-PRI, PM2.5 -PRI, PM10-FIL, PM2.5 -FIL, or PM-CON; 

• PM-FIL less than PM10-FIL, PM2.5 -FIL; 

• PM10-PRI less than PM2.5 -PRI, PM10-FIL, PM2.5 -FIL or PM-CON; 

• PM10-FIL less than PM2.5 -FIL; 

• PM25-PRI less than PM2.5 -FIL or PM-CON; 

• The sum of PM10-FIL and PM-CON not equal to PM10-PRI; and 

• The sum of PM2.5 -FIL and PM-CON not equal to PM2.5 -PRI. 

S/L agencies were asked to review this information and provide corrections where the 

inconsistencies were significant. In general, corrections (or general directions) were provided in 

the case of the potential inconsistency issues. In other cases, the agency provided specific 

process level pollutant corrections. 

Note that for the Base G inventory, only the PM10-PRI and PM2.5 -PRI emission estimates were 

retained since they are the only two PM species that are included in the air quality modeling. 

Other PM species were removed from the Base G inventory to facilitate emissions modeling. 

1.1.1.4 EGU Analysis 

We made a comparison of the annual SO2 and NOx emissions for EGUs as reported in the S/L 

agencies CERR submittals and the data from EPA’s Clean Air Markets Division (CAMD) CEM 

database to identify any outstanding discrepancies. Facilities report hourly CEM data to EPA for 

units that are subject to CEM reporting requirements of the NOx State Implementation Plan (SIP) 

Call rule and Title IV of the Clean Air Act (CAA). EPA sums the hourly CEM emissions to the 

annual level, and we compared these annual CEM emissions to those in the S/L inventories. The 

2002 CEM inventory containing NOx and SO2 emissions and heat input data were downloaded 

from the EPA CAMD web site (www.epa.gov/airmarkets). The data were provided by quarter 

and emission unit. 

The first step in the EGU analysis involved preparing a crosswalk file to match facilities and 

units in the CAMD inventory to facilities and units in the S/L inventories. In the CAMD 

inventory, the Office of Regulatory Information Systems (ORIS) identification (ID) code 

identifies unique facilities and the unit ID identifies unique boilers and internal combustion 

engines (i.e., turbines and reciprocating engines). In the S/L inventories, the State and county 

FIPS and State facility ID together identify unique facilities and the emission unit ID identifies 

unique boilers or internal combustion engines. In most cases, there is a one-to-one 

correspondence between the CAMD identifiers and the S/L identifiers. However, in some of the 

S/L inventories, the emissions for multiple emission units are summed and reported under one 

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emission unit ID. We created an Excel spreadsheet that contained an initial crosswalk with the 

ORIS ID and unit ID in the CEM inventory matched to the State and county Federal 

Implementation Plan (FIPS), State facility ID, and emission unit ID in the S/L inventory. The 

initial crosswalk contained both the annual emissions summed from the CAMD database as well 

as the S/L emission estimate. It should be noted that the initial matching of the IDs in both 

inventories was based on previous crosswalks that had been developed for the preliminary 

VISTAS 2002 inventory and in-house information compiled by MACTEC and Alpine 

Geophysics. The matching at the facility level was nearly complete. In some cases, however, S/L 

agency or stakeholder assistance was needed to match some of the CEM units to emission units 

in the S/L inventories. 

The second step in the EGU analysis was to prepare an Excel spreadsheet that compared the 

annual emissions from the hourly CAMD inventory to the annual emissions reported in the S/L 

inventory. The facility-level comparison of CEM to emission inventory NOx and SO2 emissions 

found that for most facilities, the annual emissions from the S/L inventory equaled the CAMD 

CEM emissions. Minor differences could be explained because the facility in the S/L inventory 

contained additional small or emergency units that were not included in the CAMD database. 

The final step in the EGU analysis was to compare the SO2 and NOx emissions for select 

Southern Company units in the VISTAS region. Southern Company is a super-regional company 

that owns EGUs in four VISTAS States – Alabama, Florida, Georgia, and Mississippi – and 

participates in VISTAS as an industry stakeholder. Southern Company independently provided 

emission estimates for 2002 as part of the development of the preliminary VISTAS 2002 

inventory. In most cases, these estimates were reviewed by the States and incorporated into the 

States CERR submittal. The exception to this was a decision made by Georgia’s Department of 

Environmental Protection (GDEP) to utilize CEM-based emissions for the actual 2002 emissions 

inventory for sources within the State when Southern Company also provided data. There were 

no major inconsistencies between the Southern Company data, the CAMD data, and the S/L 

CERR data. 

The minor inconsistencies found included small differences in emission estimates (<2 percent 

difference), exclusion/inclusion of small gas-fired units in the different databases, and grouping 

of emission units in S/L CERR submittals where CAMD listed each unit individually. We 

compared SO2 and NOx emissions on a unit by unit basis and did not find any major 

inconsistencies. 

1.1.1.5 QA Review of Base F Inventory 

QA checks were run on the Base F point source inventory data set to ensure that all corrections 

provided by the S/L agencies and stakeholders were correctly incorporated into the S/L 

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inventories and that there were no remaining QA issues. After exporting the inventory to ASCII 

text files in NIF 3.0, the EPA QA program was run on the ASCII files and the QA output was 

reviewed to verify that all QA issues that could be addressed were resolved 

Throughout the inventory development process, QA steps were performed to ensure that no 

double counting of emissions occurred, and to ensure that a full and complete inventory was 

developed for VISTAS. QA was an important component to the inventory development process 

and MACTEC performed the following QA steps on the point source component of the VISTAS 

revised 2002 base year inventory: 

1. Facility level emission summaries were prepared and evaluated to ensure that 

emissions were consistent and that there were no missing sources. 

2. State-level EGU and non-EGU comparisons (by pollutant) were developed between 

the Base F 2002 base year inventory, the draft VISTAS 2002 inventory, and the 1999 

NEI Version 2 inventory. 

3. Data product summaries and raw NIF 3.0 data files were provided to the VISTAS 

Emission Inventory Technical Advisor and to the Point Source, EGU, and non-EGU 

Special Interest Work Group representatives for review and comment. Changes based 

on these comments were reviewed and approved by the S/L point source contact prior 

to implementing the changes in the files. 

4. Version numbering was used for all inventory files developed. The version 

numbering process used a decimal system to track major and minor changes. For 

example, a major change would result in a version going from Base F1 to Base F2. 

1.1.1.6 Additional Base G Updates and Corrections 

S/L agencies completed a detailed review of the Base F inventory. Table 1.1-3 summarizes the 

updates and corrections to the Base F inventory that were requested by S/L agencies and 

incorporated into the Base G inventory. 

There was a discrepancy between the base year 2002 and 2009/2018 emissions for PM10-PRI, 

PM2.5-PRI, and NH3. The 2002 emissions were provided directly by the S/L agencies and were 

estimated using a variety of techniques (i.e., EPA emission factors, S/L emission factors, sitespecific emission factors, and source test data). The 2009/2018 emissions, on the other hand, 

were estimated by Pechan (see Section 2.1.1.3) using an emission factor file based solely on 

AP-42 emission factors. An adjustment was made for 2002 EGU PM and NH3 emissions to 

reconcile these differences. The post-processed Integrated Planning Model® (IPM®) 2009/2018 

output uses a set of PM and NH3 emission factors that are “the most recent EPA approved 

uncontrolled emission factors” – these are most likely not the same emission factors used by 

States and emission inventory preparation contractors for estimating these emissions in 2002 for 

EGUs in the VISTAS domain. VISTAS performed a set of modifications to replace 2002 base 

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year PM and NH3 emission estimates with estimates derived from the most recent EPA-approved 

emission factors. For further details of the methodology used to make this adjustment, see EGU 

Emission Factors and Emission Factor Assignment, memorandum from Greg Stella to VISTAS 

State Point Source Contacts and VISTAS EGU Special Interest Workgroup, June 13, 2005. 

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Table 1.1-3. Summary of Updates and Corrections to the Base F 2002 Inventory 

Incorporated into the 2002 Base G Inventory. 

Affected 

State(s) Nature of Update/Correction 

TN, WV The latitude and longitude values for TN (except the four local programs) and WV were truncated to two 

decimal places in the Base F inventory. MACTEC re-exported the NIF ER tables in a manner that so that 

the latitude and longitude were not truncated in the Base G inventory. 

AL Corrected the latitude and longitude for two facilities: Ergon Terminalling (Site ID: 01-073-010730167) 

and Southern Power Franklin (Site ID: 01-081-0036). 

 Corrections to stack parameters at 10 facilities for stacks with parameters that do not appear to fall into the 

ranges typically termed "acceptable" for AQ modeling. 

FL Corrected emission values for the Miami Dade RRF facility (Site ID: 12-086-0250348). 

GA Hercules Incorporated (12-051-05100005) had an erroneous process id (#3) within emission unit id SB9 

and was deleted. This removes about 6,000 tons of SO2 from the 2002 inventory. 

 Provided a revised file of location coordinates at the stack level that was used to replace the location 

coordinated in the ER file. 

NC Made several changes to Base F inventory to correct the following errors: 

1. Corrected emissions at Hooker Furniture (Site ID: 37-081-08100910), release point G-29, 9211.38 tons 

volatile organic compounds (VOC's) should be 212.2 tons, 529.58 tons PM10 should be 17.02 tons, 529.58 

tons PM2.5 should be 15.79 tons in 2002 inventory. 

2. Identified many stack parameters in the ER file that were unrealistic. Several have zero for height, 

diameter, gas velocity, and flow rate. NC used the procedures outlined in Section 8 of the document 

""National Emission Inventory QA and Augmentation Report" to correct unrealistic stack parameters. 

3. Identified truncated latitude and longitude values in Base F inventory. NC updated all Title V facility 

latitude and longitude that was submitted to EPA for those facilities in 2004. Smaller facilities with only 

two decimal places were not corrected. 

4. Corrected emissions for International Paper (3709700045) Emission Unit ID, G-12, should be 1.8844 

tons VOCs instead of 2819.19 tons in 2002 

SC Corrected PM species emission values. SC DHEC’s initial CERR submittal reported particulate matter 

emissions using the PM-FIL, PM10-FIL, and PM25-FIL pollutant codes. In August 2005, SC DHEC 

indicated that data reported using the PM-FIL, PM10-FIL, and PM25-FIL pollutant codes should actually 

have been reported using the PM-PRI, PM10-PRI, and PM25_PRI codes. MACTEC performed a 

subsequent PM augmentation in April 2006 using the revised pollutant codes. These changes were 

reflected in the Base G emission inventory. 

TN Identified six facilities that closed in 2000/2001 but had non-zero emissions in the 2002 Base F inventory. 

MACTEC changed emissions to zero for all pollutants in the Base G 2002 inventory. 

 Supplied updated emission inventory for the Bowater facility (47-107-0012) based on the facility’s updated 

2002 emission inventory update. 

 Replaced data from Hamilton County, Tennessee, using data from Hamilton County’s CERR submittal as 

contained in EPA’s 2002 NEI (in Base F, the inventory for Hamilton County was based on the draft 

VISTAS 2002 inventory, which in turn was based on the 1999 NEI). 

 Updated emissions for PCS Nitrogen Fertilizer LP (Site ID: 47-157-00146) 

WV Updated emissions for Steel of West Virginia (Site ID: 54-011-0009) 

 Made changes to several Site ID names due to changes in ownership 

 Made corrections to latitude/longitude and stack parameters at a few facilities for stacks with parameters 

that do not appear to fall into the ranges typically termed "acceptable" for AQ modeling. 

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1.1.1.7 Summary of Base G 2002 Inventory 

Tables 1.1-4 through 1.1-10 summarize the Base G 2002 base year inventory. All values are in 

tons. For the purposes of Tables 1.1-4 through 1.1-10, EGU emissions include the emissions 

from all processes with a Source Classification Code (SCC) of either 1-01-xxx-xx (External 

Combustion Boilers – Electric Generation) or 2-01-xxx-xx (Internal Combustion Engines – 

Electric Generation). Emissions for all other SCCs are included in the non-EGU column. Note 

that aggregating emissions into EGU and non-EGU sectors based on the above SCCs causes a 

minor inconsistency with the EGU emissions reported in EPA’s CAMD database. The EGU 

emissions summarized in these tables may include emissions from some smaller electric 

generating units in the VISTAS inventory that are not in CAMD’s 2002 CEM database or the 

IPM forecasted emissions. The minor inconsistencies result in a less than 2 percent difference 

between the summary tables below and the data from CAMD’s CEM database. 

Table 1.1-4. Base G 2002 VISTAS Point Source Inventory for SO2 (tons/year). 

State All Point Sources EGUs Non-EGUs 

AL 544,309 447,828 96,481 

FL 518,721 453,631 65,090 

GA 568,731 514,952 53,778 

KY 518,086 484,057 34,029 

MS 103,388 67,429 35,960 

NC 522,113 477,990 44,123 

SC 259,916 206,399 53,518 

TN 413,755 334,151 79,604 

VA 305,106 241,204 63,903 

WV 570,153 516,084 54,070 

Total 4,324,278 3,743,725 580,556 

Note: EGU emissions include SCCs 1-01-xxx-xx and 2-01-xxx-xx; non-EGU has all other SCCs. 

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Table 1.1-5. Base G 2002 VISTAS Point Source Inventory for NOx (tons/year). 

State All Point Sources EGUs Non-EGUs 

AL 244,348 161,038 83,310 

FL 302,834 257,677 45,156 

GA 196,767 147,517 49,251 

KY 237,209 198,817 38,392 

MS 104,661 43,135 61,526 

NC 196,782 151,854 44,928 

SC 130,394 88,241 42,153 

TN 221,652 157,307 64,344 

VA 147,300 86,886 60,415 

WV 277,589 230,977 46,612 

Total 2,059,536 1,523,449 536,087 

Note: EGU emissions include SCCs 1-01-xxx-xx and 2-01-xxx-xx; non-EGU has all other SCCs. 

Table 1.1-6. Base G 2002 VISTAS Point Source Inventory for VOC (tons/year). 

State All Point Sources EGUs Non-EGUs 

AL 49,332 2,295 47,037 

FL 40,995 2,524 38,471 

GA 34,952 1,244 33,709 

KY 46,321 1,487 44,834 

MS 43,852 648 43,204 

NC 62,170 988 61,182 

SC 38,927 470 38,458 

TN 85,254 926 84,328 

VA 43,906 754 43,152 

WV 15,775 1,180 14,595 

Total 461,484 12,516 448,970 

Note: EGU emissions include SCCs 1-01-xxx-xx and 2-01-xxx-xx; non-EGU has all other SCCs. 

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Table 1.1-7. Base G 2002 VISTAS Point Source Inventory for CO (tons/year). 

State All Point Sources EGUs Non-EGUs 

AL 185,550 11,279 174,271 

FL 139,045 57,113 81,933 

GA 140,561 9,712 130,850 

KY 122,555 12,619 109,936 

MS 59,871 5,303 54,568 

NC 64,461 13,885 50,576 

SC 63,305 6,990 56,315 

TN 122,348 7,084 115,264 

VA 70,688 6,892 63,796 

WV 100,220 10,341 89,879 

Total 1,068,604 141,218 927,388 

Note: EGU emissions include SCCs 1-01-xxx-xx and 2-01-xxx-xx; non-EGU has all other SCCs. 

Table 1.1-8. Base G 2002 VISTAS Point Source Inventory for PM10-PRI (tons/year). 

State All Point Sources EGUs Non-EGUs 

AL 32,886 7,646 25,240 

FL 57,243 21,387 35,857 

GA 32,834 11,224 21,610 

KY 21,326 4,701 16,626 

MS 21,106 1,633 19,472 

NC 36,592 22,754 13,838 

SC 35,542 21,400 14,142 

TN 49,814 14,640 35,174 

VA 17,211 3,960 13,252 

WV 22,076 4,573 17,503 

Total 326,630 113,918 212,714 

Note: EGU emissions include SCCs 1-01-xxx-xx and 2-01-xxx-xx; non-EGU has all other SCCs. 

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Table 1.1-9. Base G 2002 VISTAS Point Source Inventory for PM2.5 -PRI (tons/year). 

State All Point Sources EGUs Non-EGUs 

AL 23,291 4,113 19,178 

FL 46,148 15,643 30,504 

GA 22,401 4,939 17,462 

KY 14,173 2,802 11,372 

MS 11,044 1,138 9,906 

NC 26,998 16,498 10,500 

SC 27,399 17,154 10,245 

TN 39,973 12,166 27,807 

VA 12,771 2,606 10,165 

WV 15,523 2,210 13,313 

Total 239,721 79,269 160,452 

Note: EGU emissions include SCCs 1-01-xxx-xx and 2-01-xxx-xx; non-EGU has all other SCCs. 

Table 1.1-10. Base G 2002 VISTAS Point Source Inventory for NH3 (tons/year). 

State All Point Sources EGUs Non-EGUs 

AL 2,200 317 1,883 

FL 1,657 234 1,423 

GA 3,697 83 3,613 

KY 1,000 326 674 

MS 1,359 190 1,169 

NC 1,234 54 1,180 

SC 1,553 142 1,411 

TN 1,817 204 1,613 

VA 3,230 127 3,104 

WV 453 121 332 

Total 18,200 1,798 16,402 

Note: EGU emissions include SCCs 1-01-xxx-xx and 2-01-xxx-xx; non-EGU has all other SCCs. 

1.1.2 Development of Typical Year EGU inventory 

VISTAS developed a typical year 2002 emission inventory for EGUs to avoid anomalies in 

emissions due to variability in meteorology, economic, and outage factors in 2002. The typical 

year inventory represents the five year (2000-2004) starting period that would be used to 

determine the regional haze reasonable progress goals. 

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Data from EPA’s CAMD were used to develop normalization factors for producing a 2002 

typical year inventory for EGUs. We used the ratio of the 2000-2004 average heat input and the 

2002 actual heat input to normalize the 2002 actual emissions. MACTEC obtained data from 

EPA’s CAMD for utilities regulated by the Acid Rain program. Annual data for the period 2000 

to 2004 were obtained from the CAMD web site (www.epa.gov/airmarkets). The parameters 

available were the SO2 and NOx emission rates, heat input, and operating hours. 

We used the actual 2002 heat input and the average heat input for the 5-year period from 2000-

2004 as the normalization factor, as follows: 

Normalization Factor: 2000-2004 average heat input 

 2002 actual heat input

If the unit did not operate for all five years, then the 2000-2004 average heat input was calculated 

for the one or two years in which the unit did operate. For example, if the unit operated only 

during 2002, then the normalization factor would be 1.0. The annual actual emissions were 

multiplied by the normalization factor to determine the typical emissions for 2002, as follows: 

Typical Emissions = 2002 actual emissions x Normalization Factor 

After applying the normalization factor, some adjustments were needed for special 

circumstances. For example, a unit may not have operated in 2002 and thus have zero emissions. 

If the unit had been permanently retired prior to 2002, then we used zero emissions for the 

typical year. If the unit had not been permanently retired and would normally operate in a typical 

year, then we used the 2001 (or 2000) heat input and emission rate to calculate the typical 

year emissions. 

The Southern Company provided typical year data for their sources. Hourly emissions data for 

criteria pollutants were provided. MACTEC aggregated the hourly emissions into annual values. 

Further documentation of how Southern Company created the typical year inventory for their 

units can be found in Developing Southern Company Emissions and Flue Gas Characteristics 

for VISTAS Regional Haze Modeling (April 2005, presented at 14th International Emission 

Inventory Conference http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/conference/ei14/session9/kandasamy.pdf ). 

Since Southern Company only supplied filterable particulate emissions, we ran the PM10/PM2.5

augmentation routine to calculate annual emission estimates for PM10-PRI and PM2.5-PRI. 

The Southern Company typical year data were used for Southern Company sources in Alabama, 

Florida, and Mississippi. Georgia EPD elected to use the typical year normalization factor 

derived from the CAMD data instead of the Southern Company typical year data (as was used in 

the Base F inventory). 

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The final step was to replace the 2002 actual emissions with the 2002 typical year data described 

above. MACTEC provided the raw data and results of the typical year calculations in a 

spreadsheet for S/L agency review and comment. Any comments made were incorporated into 

the Base G inventory. 

Table 1.1-11 summarizes emissions by State and pollutant for the actual 2002 EGU inventory 

and the typical year EGU inventory. For the entire VISTAS region, actual 2002 SO2 emissions 

were about 0.5 percent higher than the typical year emissions. The differences on a state-be-state 

basis ranged from actual emissions being 6.6 percent lower in Florida to 10.9 percent higher in 

Mississippi. For the entire VISTAS region, actual 2002 NOx emissions were about 0.1 percent 

lower than the typical year emissions. The differences on a state-be-state basis ranged from 

actual emissions being 9.6 percent lower in Florida to 6.3 percent higher in Mississippi. 

Table 1.1-11. Comparison of SO2 and NOx Emissions (tons/year) for EGUs from Base G 

Actual 2002 Inventory and Typical 2002 Inventory. 

SO2 Emissions (tons/year) NOx Emissions (tons/year) 

State Actual 2002 Typical 2002 Percentage 

Difference Actual 2002 Typical 2002 Percentage Difference 

AL 447,828 423,736 5.4 161,038 154,704 3.9 

FL 453,631 483,590 -6.6 257,677 282,507 -9.6 

GA 514,952 517,633 -0.5 147,517 148,126 -0.4 

KY 484,057 495,153 -2.3 198,817 201,928 -1.6 

MS 67,429 60,086 10.9 43,135 40,433 6.3 

NC 477,990 478,489 -0.1 151,854 148,812 2.0 

SC 206,399 210,272 -1.9 88,241 88,528 -0.3 

TN 334,151 320,146 4.2 157,307 152,137 3.3 

VA 241,204 233,691 3.1 86,886 85,081 2.1 

WV 516,084 500,381 3.0 230,977 222,437 3.7 

Total 3,743,725 3,723,177 0.5 1,523,449 1,524,693 -0.1 

1.2 Area Sources 

This section details the development of the Base G 2002 base year inventory for area sources. 

There are three major components of the area source sector of the inventory. The first component 

is the “typical” year fire inventory. Version 3.1 of the VISTAS base year fire inventory provided 

actual 2002 emissions estimates. Since fire emissions are not easily grown or projected, in order 

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to effectively represent fires in both the base and future year inventories, VISTAS determined 

that a typical year fire inventory was necessary. Development of the “typical” year fire inventory 

covered wildfire, prescribed burning, agricultural fires and land clearing fires. The first part of 

this section of the report discusses the development of the typical year fire inventory. The 

methodology provided in that section is identical to the documentation provided for Base F since 

the “typical” year inventory was developed as part of the Base F development effort. The major 

change in Base G for the fire component of the inventory was the development of projection year 

inventories that represent alternatives to the “typical” year inventory. These alternative 

projections incorporated projected changes in the acreage burned for prescribed fires on Federal 

lands. These projections are an augmentation of the “typical” year inventory. 

The second component of the area source inventory was the incorporation of data submitted by 

the VISTAS States to the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) as part of the 

CERR. Work on incorporating the CERR data into the revised base year involved: 1) obtaining 

the data from EPA, 2) evaluating the emissions and pollutants reported in order to avoid double 

counting and 3) backfilling from the existing VISTAS 2002 base year inventory for missing 

sources/pollutants. The processes used to perform those operations are described in the second 

portion of this section. That work was performed as part of the Base F inventory effort. In 

general no changes to that method were made as part of the Base G inventory updates. The 

methods used for the Base F inventory development effort using the CERR submittals have been 

maintained in this document. Where necessary, additional documentation has been added to 1) 

reflect changes that resulted from VISTAS States review of the Base F inventory and the 

incorporation of those changes into Base G, 2) changes made to how certain sources were 

estimated or 3) addition of new sources not found in Base F. 

The final component of the area source inventory was related to the development of NH3

emission estimates for livestock and fertilizers and paved road PM emissions. For the NH3

emission estimates for livestock and fertilizers we used version 3.6 of the Carnegie Mellon 

University (CMU) NH3 model. For the paved road PM emissions, we used the most recent 

estimates developed by EPA as part of the National Emission Inventory (NEI) development 

effort. EPA had developed an improved methodology for estimating paved road emissions so 

those values were substituted directly into the inventory after receiving consensus from all of the 

VISTAS States to perform the replacement. Details on these methods are provided in the third 

portion of this section of the document. That section is virtually identical to that from the Base F 

inventory document as there were only a couple of changes to the ammonia portion of the 

inventory and some updates to all fugitive dust categories including paved roads on a global 

basis between Base F and Base G. 

Finally, quality assurance steps for each component of the area source inventory are discussed. 

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1.2.1 Development of a “typical” year fire inventory 

Typical year fire emissions were developed starting from the actual fire acreage data and 

emission calculated for each VISTAS State. The table below shows the data submitted by each 

State in the VISTAS region indicating what data was received from each State for the purposes 

of calculating actual fire emissions. 

Fire Type AL FL GA KY MS NC SC TN VA WV 

Land Clearing 9 9 9 9 

Ag Burning 9 9 9 9 

Wildfires 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9

Prescribed 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9

In order to effectively characterize fire emissions in the VISTAS region, a typical (as opposed to 

strictly 2002 year based inventory) was required. Development of a typical year fire inventory 

provided the capability of using a comparable data set for both the base year and future years. 

Thus fire emissions would remain the same for air quality and visibility modeling in both the 

base and any future years. MACTEC originally proposed five different methods for developing 

the typical fire year to the VISTAS Fire Special Interest Work Group (SIWG) and requested 

their feedback and preference for developing the final typical year inventory. The method that 

was selected by SIWG members was to use a method similar to that used to develop an early 

version of a 2018 projection inventory. For that early 2018 inventory, State level ratios of acres 

over a longer term record (three or more years) developed for each fire type relative to 2002. The 

2002 acreage was then scaled up or down based on these ratios to develop a typical year 

inventory. For Base F and G, the decision of the VISTAS Fire SIWG was to base the ratio on 

county level data for States that supplied long term fire-by-fire acreage data rather than Statelevel ratios. Where States did not supply long term fire-by-fire acreage data, MACTEC reverted 

to using State-level ratios. With one broad exception (wildfires) this method was implemented 

for all fires. MACTEC solicited long term fire-by-fire acreage data by fire type from each 

VISTAS State. A minimum of three or more years of data were used to develop the ratios. Those 

data were then used to develop a ratio for each county based on the number of acres burned in 

each county for each fire type relative to 2002. 

Thus if we had long term county prescribed fire data from a State, we developed a county 

acreage ratio of: 

acreageRx levelcounty actual 2002

acresRx levelcounty average termLong Ratio =

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This ratio was then multiplied times the actual 2002 acreage to get a typical value (basically the 

long term average county level acres). Wherever possible this calculation was performed on a 

fire by fire basis. The acreage calculated using the ratio was then used with the fuel loading and 

emission factor values that we already had (and had been reviewed by the SIWG) to calculate 

emissions using the same method used for the 2002 actual values (which were previously 

documented). The following lists indicate which counties used the State ratios by fire type. 

Land Clearing Agricultural Fires Prescribed Burning 

FIPS COUNTY FIPS COUNTY FIPS COUNTY 

12086 Miami-Dade County 

12037 Franklin County 

12043 Glades County 

12045 Gulf County 

12049 Hardee County 

12057 Hillsborough County 

12073 Leon County 

12077 Liberty County 

12081 Manatee County 

12095 Orange County 

12097 Osceola County 

12103 Pinellas County 

12115 Sarasota County 

13015 Bartow County 

13021 Bibb County 

13045 Carroll County 

13047 Catoosa County 

13057 Cherokee County 

13059 Clarke County 

13063 Clayton County 

13073 Columbia County 

13077 Coweta County 

13083 Dade County 

13089 Dekalb County 

13097 Douglas County 

13117 Forsyth County 

13121 Fulton County 

13129 Gordon County 

13135 Gwinnett County 

13137 Habersham County 

13143 Haralson County 

13147 Hart County 

13151 Henry County 

13169 Jones County 

13215 Muscogee County 

13237 Putnam County 

13241 Rabun County 

13291 Union County 

13311 White County 

13063 Clayton County 

13083 Dade County 

13089 Dekalb County 

13097 Douglas County 

13121 Fulton County 

13135 Gwinnett County 

13137 Habersham County 

13215 Muscogee County 

13227 Pickens County 

13241 Rabun County 

13247 Rockdale County 

13311 White County 

13059 Clarke County 

13083 Dade County 

13089 Dekalb County 

13097 Douglas County 

13121 Fulton County 

13123 Gilmer County 

13135 Gwinnett County 

13139 Hall County 

13215 Muscogee County 

13241 Rabun County 

13247 Rockdale County 

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There were three exceptions to this method. 

Exception 1: Use of State Ratios for Wildfires 

The first exception was that wildfires estimates were developed using State ratios rather than 

county ratios. This change was made after initial quality assurance of the draft estimates revealed 

that some counties were showing unrealistic values created by very short term data records or 

missing data that created unrealistic ratios. In addition, exceptionally large and small fires were 

removed from the database since they were felt to be atypical. For example the Blackjack 

Complex fire in Georgia was removed from the dataset because the number of acres burned was 

“atypical” in that fire. We also removed all fires less than 0.1 acres from the dataset. 

Exception 2: Correction for Blackened Acres on Forest Service Lands 

Following discussions with the United States Forest Service (Forest Service) (memo from Cindy 

Huber and Bill Jackson, dated August 13, 2004), it was determined that the acres submitted by 

the Forest Service for wildfires and prescribed fires represented perimeter acres rather than 

“blackened” acres. Thus for wildfires and prescribed fires on Forest Service lands, a further 

correction was implemented to correct the perimeter acre values to blackened acres. The 

correction was made based on the size of the fire. For prescribed fires over 100 acres in size the 

acreage was adjusted to be 80 percent of the initial reported value. For prescribed fires of 100 

acres or less the acreage values were maintained as reported. For wildfires, all reported acreage 

values were adjusted to be 66 percent of their initially reported values. These changes were made 

to all values reported for Forest Service managed lands. 

Exception 3: Missing/Non-reported data 

When we did not receive data from a VISTAS State for a particular fire type, a composite 

average for the entire VISTAS region was used to determine the typical value for that type fire. 

For example, if no agricultural burning long term acreage data was reported for a particular 

State, MACTEC determined an overall VISTAS regional average ratio that was used to multiply 

times the 2002 values to produce the “typical” values. This technique was applied to all fire 

types when data was missing. 

In addition, for wildfires and prescribed burning, ratios were developed for “northern” and 

“southern” tier States within the VISTAS region and those ratios were applied to each State with 

missing data depending upon whether they were considered a “northern” or “southern” tier State. 

Development of “southern” and “northern” tier data was an attempt to account for a change from 

a predominantly pine/evergreen ecosystem (southern) to a pine/deciduous ecosystem (northern). 

States classified as “southern” included: AL, FL, GA, MS, and SC. States classified as 

“northern” included: KY, NC, TN, VA, and WV. 

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Finally for land clearing and agricultural fires, there are no NH3 and SO2 emissions. This is due 

to the lack of emission factors for these pollutants for these fire types. 

 Table 1.2-1 shows fire emissions from the original base year emission inventory (VISTAS 3.1), 

the actual 2002 emissions and the typical year emissions for the entire VISTAS region. The 

actual 2002 and typical fire emissions represent the Base F and Base G 2002 emissions. The 

typical emissions also represent the 2009 and 2018 emissions for all fire types with the exception 

of prescribed burning. Revisions made to the typical year prescribed fire emissions for 2009 and 

2018 are detailed in the projection section. Also, State level Base G emissions from fires for all 

years can be found in the tables in Appendix A. Values for fires in those tables are “typical” year 

values. 

Figures 1.2-1 through 1.2-4 show the State by State changes in emissions between the original 

2002 base year fire inventories, the actual 2002 and the typical year inventories for carbon 

monoxide (CO) by fire type. Due to the relative magnitude of CO emissions compared to other 

criteria and PM pollutants from fires; this pollutant is normally chosen to represent the 

distribution of fires in the example plots. 

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Table 1.2-1. Emissions from Fires in the VISTAS Region – Comparison between Original Base Year 2002 (VISTAS 3.1), 2002 

Actual and Typical Year Base G Emissions. 

CO NH3 NOX PM10-FIL PM10-PRI PM2.5-FIL PM2.5-PRI SO2 VOC 

Total LC Actual (Base G) 492,409 0 14,568 62,146 62,146 62,146 62,146 0 33,799 

Typical (Base G) 675,838 0 19,995 80,598 80,598 80,598 80,598 0 46,389 

VISTAS 3.1 484,240 0 14,327 61,325 61,325 61,325 61,325 0 33,238 

Total Ag Actual (Base G) 164,273 0 903 30,958 30,958 30,385 30,385 0 21,946 

Typical (Base G) 161,667 0 903 30,465 30,465 29,892 29,892 0 21,595 

VISTAS 3.1 331,073 0 903 41,480 41,480 40,192 40,192 0 41,875 

Total WF Actual (Base G) 298,835 1,333 6,628 28,923 28,923 24,926 24,926 1,611 16,804 

Typical (Base G) 547,174 2,451 11,955 53,070 53,070 45,635 45,635 3,072 28,491 

VISTAS 3.1 275,766 1,230 6,133 26,680 26,680 23,002 23,002 1,476 15,718 

Total RX Actual (Base G) 1,678,216 7,616 36,561 168,938 168,938 145,175 145,175 9,839 78,988 

 Typical (Base G) 1,635,776 7,425 35,650 164,811 164,811 141,636 141,636 9,590 76,990  VISTAS 3.1 1,724,940 7,822 37,556 173,590 173,590 149,181 149,181 10,101 81,188 

Key: LC = Land Clearing; Ag = Agricultural burning; WF = wildfires; RX = prescribed burning. Actual and Typical represent Base F and Base G (e.g., no change in methodology for Base F and Base G) for 2002. 

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Figure 1.2-1. CO Emissions from Agricultural Burning for the Original Base Year, 2002 Actual Base G, and 2002 Typical 

Base G Inventories.

CO Emissions

0.00

80,000.0060,000.0040,000.0020,000.00

160,000.00140,000.00120,000.00100,000.00

AL FL GA KY MS NC SC TN VA WV

tons

Ag Burning - 2002 Actual Ag Burning - Typical Ag Burning - VISTAS 3.1

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Figure 1.2-2. CO Emissions from Land Clearing Burning for the Original Base Year, 2002 Actual Base G and 2002 Typical 

Base G Inventories. 

CO Emissions

0.00

80,000.0060,000.0040,000.0020,000.00

180,000.00160,000.00140,000.00120,000.00100,000.00

AL FL GA KY MS NC SC TN VA WV

tons

Land Clearing - 2002 Actual Land Clearing - Typical Land Clearing - VISTAS 3.1

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Figure 1.2-3. CO Emissions from Prescribed Burning for the Original Base Year, 2002 Actual Base G and 2002 Typical 

Base G Inventories. 

CO Emissions

0.00

700,000.00600,000.00500,000.00400,000.00300,000.00200,000.00100,000.00

AL FL GA KY MS NC SC TN VA WV

tons

Prescribed - 2002 Actual Prescribed - Typical Prescribed - VISTAS 3.1

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Figure 1.2-4. CO Emissions from Wildfire Burning for the Original Base Year, 2002 Actual Base G and 2002 Typical 

Base G Inventories.

CO Emissions

0.00

50,000.00

250,000.00200,000.00150,000.00100,000.00

AL FL GA KY MS NC SC TN VA WV

tons

Wildfires - 2002 Actual Wildfires - Typical Wildfires - VISTAS 3.1

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1.2.2 Development of non-fire inventory 

The second task in preparing the area source component of the Base F and Base G 2002 base 

year inventory was the incorporation of data submitted by the VISTAS States to the EPA as part 

of the CERR. With few exceptions, Base F and Base G inventories for this component of the 

inventory are identical. Modifications to the Base F methodology (described below) only 

resulted from modifications from the VISTAS States during review of the Base F inventory. The 

changes made to the inventory based on these reviews are described in the last portion of this 

section of the report. The information presented below describes the method used to incorporate 

CERR data as part of Base F. 

Work on incorporating the CERR data into the 2002 Base F inventory involved: 1) obtaining the 

data from EPA, 2) evaluating the emissions and pollutants reported in order to avoid double 

counting and 3) backfilling from the earlier version of the VISTAS 2002 base year inventory for 

missing sources/pollutants. The processes used to perform those operations are described below. 

This work did not include any of the fire emission estimates described above. In addition it did 

not include emission estimates for ammonia from agricultural and fertilizer sources. Finally it did 

not include PM emissions from paved roads. Each of those categories was estimated separately. 

Data on the CERR submittals was obtained from EPA’s Draft NEI download file transfer 

protocol (FTP) site where the data are stored after they’ve been processed for review. The data 

submitted in National Emission Inventory Format (NIF) was downloaded from that site. Once all 

of the files were obtained, MACTEC ran the files through the EPA NIF Format and Content 

checking tool to ensure that the files were submitted in standard NIF format and that there were 

no issues with those files. In a couple of cases small errors were found. For example, in one case 

a county FIPs code that was no longer in use was found. MACTEC contacted each VISTAS 

State area source contact person to resolve the issues with the files and corrections were made. 

Once all corrections to the native files were completed, MACTEC continued with the 

incorporation of the data into the VISTAS area source files. 

Our general assumption was that unless we determined otherwise, the CERR submittals 

represented full and complete inventories. Where a State submitted a complete inventory, our 

plan was to simply delete the previous 2002 base year data and replace it with the CERR 

submittal. Prior to this replacement however, we stripped out the following emissions: 

1. All wildfire, prescribed burning, land clearing and agricultural burning emissions 

submitted to EPA by the States as part of the CERR process were removed since they 

were to be replaced with emissions estimated using methods described earlier. 

2. All fertilizer and agricultural ammonia emission records submitted to EPA by the 

States as part of the CERR process were removed. These were replaced with the 

estimates developed using the CMU Ammonia model. 

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3. All emissions from paved roads submitted to EPA by the States as part of the CERR 

process were removed. These emissions were replaced with updated emissions 

developed by U.S. EPA as part of their 2002 NEI development effort. 

This approach was used for most State and Local emission submittals to prepare the Base F 

inventory. There were a few cases where alternative data were used to prepare the Base F 

inventory. In general, these alternatives involved submittal of alternative files to the CERR data 

by S/L agencies. Table 1.2-2 below summarizes the data used to prepare the Base F inventory. In 

general the data were derived from one of the following sources: 

1. CERR submittal obtained from EPA FTP site as directed by VISTAS States; 

2. State submitted file (either revised from CERR submittal or separate format); 

3. VISTAS original 2002 base year (VISTAS version 3.1 base year file); or 

4. EPA’s preliminary 2002 NEI. 

Table 1.2-2. Summary of State Data Submittals for the 2002 VISTAS Area Source 

Base F Inventory 

State / Local Program Area Source Emissions Data Source 

AL B 

FL B 

GA C 

KY A 

MS B 

NC C 

SC B 

TN B 

VA B 

WV A/C 

Davidson County, TN B 

Hamilton County, TN C 

Memphis/Shelby County, TN A 

Knox County, TN B 

Jefferson County, AL * so B from State 

Jefferson County, KY B 

Buncombe County, NC * so C from State 

Forsyth County, NC * so C from State 

Mecklenburg County, NC * so C from State 

A = VISTAS 2002 (version 3.1) 

B = CERR Submittal from EPA's ftp site 

C = Other (CERR or other submittal sent directly from State to MACTEC) 

* = No response 

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In order to track the sources of data in the final Base F and Base G NIF files, a field was added to 

the NIF format files developed for VISTAS to track each data source. A field named 

Data_Source was added to the EM table. A series of codes were added to this field to mark the 

source of each emissions value in the Base F and Base G inventories. Values in this field are 

detailed in Table 1.2-3. 

Table 1.2-3: Data Source Codes and Data Sources for VISTAS 2002 Base F Area Source 

Emissions Inventory. 

Data Source Codes Data Source 

Base F Codes 

CMU Model CMU Ammonia model v 3.6 

E-02-X or E-99-F or L-02-X or S-02-X EPA CERR submittal (from FTP site) 

EPA Paved EPA Paved Road emissions estimates 

EPAPRE02NEI EPA Preliminary 2002 NEI 

STATEFILE State submitted file 

VISTBASYR31 VISTAS 2002 Base Year version 3.1 

VISTRATIO Developed from VISTAS Ratios (used only 

for missing pollutants) 

Additional Base G Codes 

ALBASEGFILE Base G update file provided by AL 

NCBASEGFILE Base G update file provided by NC 

OTAQRPT Portable Fuel Container Emissions from 

OTAQ Report 

STELLA Revised data provided by VISTAS EI Advisor 

Greg Stella 

VABASEGFILE Base G update file provided by VA 

VAStateFile Revisions/additions to Base G update file 

provided by VA 

Most States submitted complete inventories for Base F. Virginia’s inventory required a two stage 

update. Virginia’s CERR submittal only contained ozone precursor pollutants (including CO). 

For Virginia, MACTEC’s original plan was to maintain the previous 2002 VISTAS base year 

emissions for non-ozone pollutants and then do a simple replacement for ozone pollutants. 

However during the QA phase of the work, MACTEC discovered that there were categories that 

had ozone precursor or CO emissions in the submittal that weren’t in the original 2002 VISTAS 

base year inventory that should have PM or SO2 emissions. For those records, MACTEC used an 

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emissions ratio to build records for emissions of these pollutants. Data for Virginia PM and SO2

emissions were generated by developing SCC level ratios to NOx from the VISTAS 2002 base 

year inventory (version 3.1) or from emission factors and then calculating the emissions based on 

that ratio. 

1.2.3 2002 Base G inventory updates 

After the Base F inventory was submitted and used for modeling, VISTAS States were provided 

an opportunity for further review and comment on the Base F inventory. As a result of this 

review and comment period, several VISTAS States provided revisions to the Base F inventory. 

In addition to and as an outgrowth of some of the comments provided by the States during the 

review process, some of the changes made to the inventory were made globally across the entire 

VISTAS region. This section discusses the specific State changes followed by the global changes 

made to the area source component of the inventory for all VISTAS States. 

1.2.3.1 Changes resulting from State review and comment 

Alabama

Alabama suggested several changes and had questions concerning a few categories in the Base F 

inventory. The changes/questions were: 

1. For Source Classification Code (SCC) 2102005000 (Industrial Boilers: 

Residual Oil) and SCC 2103007000 (Institutional/Commercial Heating: 

Liquefied Petroleum Gas) the Alabama noted that the Base F VISTAS 

inventory had values for NOx, VOC and CO for the State, but no values for 

SO2, PM10 or PM2.5. 

MACTEC evaluated this information and found that there were actually emissions for two 

counties in AL for that SCC that had either SO2 and/or PM emissions. The data used to develop 

the 2002 Base F inventory for AL came from the preliminary 2002 CERR submittals (see above) 

which should have included SO2 and PM but did not except for two counties. According to 

MACTEC’s protocol for use of these files, the files received from EPA were to be used “as is” 

unless the States provided comments during the Base F comment period to correct the CERR 

submittal. No comments were received from AL on the CERR submittal used for Base F. For 

2002 Base G, AL provided an updated database file for these SCCs for all counties in the State 

that provided revised values for emissions and included SO2 and PM. The revised file was used 

to update the Base F data for Base G. 

2. AL noted that the Base F inventory included SCC 2401002000 (Solvent 

Utilization, Surface Coating, Architectural Coatings - Solvent-based, Total: 

All Solvent Types) and 2401003000 (Solvent Utilization, Surface Coating, 

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Architectural Coatings - Water-based, Total: All Solvent Types) as well as 

SCC 2401001000 (Solvent Utilization, Surface Coating, Architectural 

Coatings, Total: All Solvent Types). This resulted in double counting of the 

emissions for this category. AL suggested removal of the breakdown SCCs 

and use of the total SCC. 

MACTEC deleted records for the breakdown SCCs and retained the total all solvents 

SCC emissions. 

3. AL found the SCCs listed below missing from the Base F VISTAS inventory. 

SCC 

VOC 

Emissions SCC Description 

2401025000 1139.91 Surface Coatings: Metal Furniture, all coating types 

2401030000 425.27 Surface Coatings: Paper, all coating types 

2401065000 344.08 Surface Coatings: Electronic and Other Electrical, all coating 

types 

2430000000 504.29 Solvent Utilization, Rubber/Plastics, All Processes, Total: All 

Solvent Types 

2440020000 3043.78 Solvent Utilization, Miscellaneous Industrial, Adhesive 

(Industrial) Application, Total: All Solvent Types 

Total for AL 5457.32 

MACTEC found that the emissions for these SCCs were included in the Base F inventory, but 

with slightly different total emissions. AL provided an updated county-level emissions file for 

use in updating the Base G inventory. That file was used to update the NIF records for AL for 

those SCCs. 

4. AL noted that emissions in the Base F inventory were found for SCC 

2465000000 and SCCs 2465100000, 2465200000, 2465400000, 2465600000, 

and 2465800000. These last five SCCs represent a subset of the emissions in 

the 246500000 SCC resulting in potential double counting of emissions. 

MACTEC deleted all emissions associated with the Total SCC 2465000000 and retained the 

subset SCCs for the Base G inventory. 

Florida

Florida provided comments indicating that they felt that emissions from the following sources 

and counties were too high, especially for CO and PM and were likely zero: 

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• motor vehicle fire - Palm Beach County 

• woodstoves - Miami Dade, Hillsborough, Orange, Polk, Ft Myers, Pasco and Sarasota 

Counties 

• fireplaces - Miami Dade and Hillsborough Counties 

Emissions from these sources in the counties specified were set to zero by MACTEC for the 

Base G inventory. 

North Carolina

North Carolina provided corrected emission files for 2002 Base F. A text file with emission 

values was provided and used to update the Base F emissions to Base G. The updated emissions 

were applied directly to the Base F NIF file. The file provided was similar to the “EM” NIF 

table. An update query was used to update the data supplied in the text file to the Access 

database NIF file. All changes were implemented. 

South Carolina

South Carolina had two issues concerning the Base F inventory. These issues related to 1) 

additional SCCs that were in BASE F 2009 and 2018, but not in 2002 Base F and 2) SCCs that 

were in the U.S. EPA 2002 NEI inventory, but not in the VISTAS 2002, 2009, or 2018 Base F 

inventory. 

MACTEC investigated the additional SCCs found in 2009 and 2018 Base F and found that the 

SCCs actually were not missing in the 2002 Base F inventory but only had emissions for PM. 

Thus the emissions were maintained as they were provided in Base F. 

With respect to the SCCs that were found in the U.S. EPA 2002 NEI, MACTEC investigated and 

found that they were not included in the Base F inventory because they were not included in the 

2002 CERR submittal used to produce the Base F updates. The SCCs were apparently added by 

EPA later in the NEI development process. In addition, MACTEC also evaluated whether or not 

the SCCs were found in other VISTAS States Base F inventories. MACTEC found that some 

States included them and some did not, there was no consistency between the States. MACTEC 

also found that typically emissions for these SCCs were low in emissions, generally with 

emissions of only a few tons to tens of tons per year. The decision was made with South Carolina 

concurrence not to add these SCCs to the Base G inventory. These SCCs were: 210205000, 

2102011000, 2103007000, 2103011000, 2104007000, 2104011000, 2302002100, 2302002200, 

2302003100, 2302003200, 2610000500, 2810001000, and 281001500. 

Virginia

Virginia provided an updated 2002 base year emissions file. The data in that file were used to 

update the Base F inventory emission values to those for Base G. In addition, Virginia provided 

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information on several source categories that required controls for future year projections since 

the sources were located in counties/cities in northern Virginia and were subject to future year 

Ozone Transport Commission (OTC) regulations. MACTEC added in the base year control 

levels to the Base G inventory file for these categories so that they could be estimated correctly 

in future years. The controls added were for mobile equipment repair/refinishing sources, 

architectural and industrial maintenance coating sources, consumer products sources, and solvent 

metal cleaning sources. Minor errors were found in some entries for the initial file provided and 

VA provided a revised file with corrections and minor additions. 

1.2.4 Ammonia and paved road emissions 

The final component of the Base F inventory development was estimation of NH3 emission 

estimates for livestock and fertilizers and paved road PM emissions. For the NH3 emission 

estimates for livestock and fertilizers we used version 3.6 of the CMU NH3 model 

(http://www.cmu.edu/ammonia/). Results from this model were used for all VISTAS States. The 

CMU model version 3.6 was used in large part because it had been just recently been updated to 

include the latest (2002) Census of Agriculture animal population statistics. Prior to inclusion of 

the CMU model estimates, MACTEC removed any ammonia records for agricultural livestock or 

fertilizer emissions from the VISTAS 2002 initial base year inventory. MACTEC also generated 

emissions from human perspiration and from wildlife using the CMU model and added those 

emissions for each State. 

For the Base G ammonia inventory, MACTEC removed all wildlife and human perspiration 

emissions. VISTAS decided to remove these emissions from the inventory. Human perspiration 

was dropped due to a discrepancy in the units used for the emission factor that was not resolved 

prior to preparing the estimates and wildlife was dropped because VISTAS felt the activity data 

was too uncertain. Thus all emissions from these two categories were deleted in the Base G 2002 

inventory. 

For the paved road PM Base F emissions, we used the most recent estimates developed by EPA 

as part of the NEI development effort (Roy Huntley, U.S. EPA, email communication, 

8/30/2004). EPA had developed an improved methodology for estimating paved road emissions 

for 2002 and had used that method to calculate emissions for that source category. MACTEC 

obtained those emissions from EPA and those values were substituted directly into the inventory 

after receiving consensus from all of the VISTAS States to perform the replacement. These files 

were obtained in March of 2005 in NIF format from the EPA FTP site. 

For the Base G emissions, modifications were made to the emissions estimates based on changes 

suggested by work of the Western Regional Air Partnership and U.S. EPA. Details of these 

changes are provided below in the section on global changes made as part of the Base G 

inventory updates. 

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1.2.5 Global Changes Made for Base G 

There were three global changes made between the Base F and the Base G inventory (beyond the 

removal of wildlife and human perspiration NH3 emissions). These changes were: 

1. Removal of Stage II emissions from the area source inventory and inclusion in the mobile 

sector of the inventory, 

2. Adjustment of fugitive dust PM2.5 emissions, and 

3. Addition of emissions from portable fuel containers. 

As part of the Base F review process, several VISTAS States had expressed surprise that the 

Stage II refueling emission estimates were in the area source component of the inventory. This 

decision had been made with SIWG agreement early on in the inventory development process 

because 1) some States had included it in their CERR submittals and 2) because the non-road and 

on-road mobile estimates had differing activity factor units and could not be easily combined. 

However for Base G, the VISTAS States all agreed, especially in light of the different ways in 

which the emissions were reported in the CERR, to remove the Stage II refueling emissions from 

the area source inventory and include them in the non-road and on-road sectors. Thus all records 

related to Stage II refueling were removed from the area source component of the Base 

G inventory. 

PM2.5 emissions from several fugitive dust sources were also updated for Base G. The Western 

Regional Air Partnership (WRAP) and U.S. EPA had been investigating overestimation of the 

PM2.5 / PM10 ratio in several fugitive dust categories and U.S. EPA was in the process of making 

revisions to AP-42 for several categories during preparation of the Base G inventory. Based on 

data received from U.S. EPA, VISTAS decided to revise the PM2.5 emissions from construction, 

paved roads and unpaved road sources. PM2.5 emissions in Base F were multiplied by 0.67, 0.6, 

and 0.67 for construction, paved roads and unpaved roads respectively to produce the values 

found in Base G. No changes were made to PM10, only to PM2.5. 

Finally, as part of Virginia’s comments on the Base F inventory, emissions from portable fuel 

containers were mentioned as being absent from the inventory. MACTEC was tasked with 

developing a methodology that could be used to add these emissions to the Base G area source 

inventory. In investigating options for a method of estimating emissions, MACTEC found that 

the U.S. EPA had prepared a national inventory of emissions by State for portable fuel 

containers. Data on emissions from this source prepared by U.S. EPA were presented in, 

“Estimating Emissions Associated with Portable Fuel Containers (PFCs), Draft Report, Office of 

Transportation and Air Quality, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Report # 

EPA420-D-06-003, February 2006”. 

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State-level emission estimates for 2005 derived from Appendix Table B-2 of the PFCs report 

were used as the starting point for developing 2002 county-level emissions estimates. State 

emissions were derived from that table by using all of the emission estimates in that table with 

the exception of values for vapor displacement and spillage from refueling operations. Those 

components of the State emissions were left out of the State-level emissions to avoid double 

counting refueling emissions in the non-road sector. For the purposes of 2002 emission estimates 

for Base G, the 2005 values were assumed equal to 2002 values. 

The 2005 State-level estimates minus the refueling component from Appendix Table B-2 of the 

report were summed for each State and then allocated to the county-level. The county-level 

allocation was based on the fuel usage information obtained from the NONROAD 2005 model 

runs conducted as part of the Base G inventory development effort (see the 2002 base year Base 

G non-road section below). MACTEC used the spillage file from the NONROAD model 

(normally located in the DATA\EMSFAC directory in a standard installation of NONROAD) to 

determine the SCCs that used containers for refueling. The spillage file contains information by 

SCC and horsepower indicating whether or not the refueling occurs using a container or a pump. 

All SCC and horsepower classes using containers were extracted from the file and crossreferenced with the fuel usage by county for those SCC/horsepower combinations from the 

appropriate year model runs (2002, 2009 or 2018). Then the fuel usages by county from the 

NONROAD 2005 runs prepared for VISTAS were summed for those SCCs by county. The 

county level fuel use was then divided by the State total fuel use for the same SCCs to determine 

the fraction of total State fuel usage and that fraction was used to allocate the State-level 

emissions to the county. 

1.2.6 Quality Assurance steps 

Throughout the inventory development process, quality assurance steps were performed to 

ensure that no double counting of emissions occurred, and to ensure that a full and complete 

inventory was developed for VISTAS. Quality assurance was an important component to the 

inventory development process and MACTEC performed the following QA steps on the area 

source component of the 2002 Base F inventory: 

1. All CERR and NIF format State supplied data submittals were run through EPA’s 

Format and Content checking software. 

2. SCC level emission summaries were prepared and evaluated to ensure that emissions 

were consistent and that there were no missing sources. 

3. Tier comparisons (by pollutant) were developed between the revised 2002 base year 

inventory and the previous (version 3.1) base year inventory. 

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4. Fields were either added or used within each NIF data table to track the sources of 

data for each emission record. 

5. Data product summaries were provided to both the VISTAS Emission Inventory 

Technical Advisor and to Area Source and Fires SIWG representatives for review and 

comment. Changes based on these comments were implemented in the files. 

6. Version numbering was used for all inventory files developed. The version 

numbering process used a decimal system to track major and minor changes. For 

example, a major change would result in a version going from 1.0 to 2.0. A minor 

change would cause a version number to go from 1.0 to 1.1. Minor changes resulting 

from largely editorial changes would result in a change from 1.00 to 1.01. 

In addition, for the fires inventory, data related to fuel loading and fuel consumption was 

reviewed and approved by the VISTAS Fire SIWG to ensure that values used for each type of 

fire and each individual fire were appropriate. Members of the VISTAS Fire SIWG included 

representatives from most State Divisions of Forestry (or equivalent) as well as U.S. Forest 

Service and National Park Service personnel. 

For Base G, similar QA steps to those outlined above for Base F were undertaken. In addition, all 

final NIF files were checked using the EPA Format and Content checking software and summary 

information by State and pollutant were prepared comparing the Base F and Base G inventories. 

1.3 Mobile Sources 

This section describes the revisions made to the initial 2002 VISTAS Base Year emission 

inventory on-road mobile source input files. For this work actual emission estimates were not 

made, rather data files consistent with Mobile Emissions Estimation Model Version 6 

(MOBILE6) were developed and provided to the VISTAS modeling contractor. These input data 

files were then run during the VISTAS modeling to generate on-road mobile source emissions 

using episodic and meteorological specific conditions configured in the sparse matrix operator 

Kernel Emissions modeling system (SMOKE) emissions processor. 

During initial discussions with the VISTAS Mobile Source SIWG, some States indicated a desire 

to use CERR mobile source emissions data in place of the VISTAS 2002 inventories generated 

by E.H. Pechan and Associates, Inc. (the initial VISTAS 2002 Base Year inventory files). 

However, the CERR emissions data by itself were not sufficient for an inventory process that 

includes both base and future year inventories. MACTEC needed to be able to replicate the 

CERR data rather than simply obtain CERR emissions estimates. The reason for this is that only 

input files were being prepared to provide revised 2002 estimates during the VISTAS modeling 

process, rather than the actual emission estimates and that the 2002 input data files would be 

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used as a starting point for the projected emission estimates. This meant that the appropriate 

vehicle miles traveled (VMT), MOBILE6, and/or NONROAD model input data needed to be 

provided. If these data were provided with the CERR emissions estimates we used it as the 

starting point for revision of the 2002 Base Year inventory. However MACTEC did not have 

access to the on-road mobile CERR submissions from EPA, so re-submittal of these data directly 

to MACTEC was requested in order to begin compiling the appropriate input file data. 

In those cases where States did not provide CERR on-road mobile source input data files, our 

default approach was to maintain the data input files and VMT estimates for the initial 2002 Base 

Year inventory prepared by Pechan. 

1.3.1 Development of on-road mobile source input files and VMT estimates 

Development of the 2002 on-road input files and VMT was a multi-step process depending upon 

what the State mobile source contacts instructed us to use as their data. Information provided 

below provides incremental revisions made to on-road mobile source inventories or inputs in 

series from one inventory version to the next. In general the process involved one of three steps 

from the original 2002 on-road mobile source data. 

Base F Revisions 

1. The first step was to evaluate the initial 2002 base year files and make any nonsubstantive changes (i.e., changes only to confirm that the files posted for 2002 by 

Pechan were executable and that all the necessary external files needed to run MOBILE6 

were present). This approach was taken for AL, FL, GA, MS, SC, and WV. For these 

States the determination was made that the previous files would be okay to use as 

originally prepared. For SC, the VMT file was updated, but that did not affect the 

MOBILE6 input files. 

2. For other States, modification to the input files was required. The information below 

indicates what changes were made for other States in the VISTAS region. 

KY – For Kentucky, the Inspection and Maintenance (I/M) records in the input files for Jefferson 

County were updated in order to better reflect the actual I/M program in the Louisville 

metropolitan area. 

NC - Substantial revisions were implemented to these input files based on input from the State. 

The modifications necessary to reflect the desires of the State led to complete replacement of the 

previous input files. Among the changes made were: 

• The regrouping of counties (including the movement of some counties from one 

county group to another and the creation of new input files for previously grouped 

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counties). There were originally 32 input files; after the changes there were 49. The 

pointer file was corrected to reflect these changes. 

• Travel speeds were updated in over 3000 scenarios. 

• All I/M records were updated. 

• All registration distributions were updated. 

• I/M VMT fractions were updated (which only affected the pointer file). 

• VMT estimates were updated (which has no direct effect on the MOBILE6 input files 

but does ultimately affect emissions). 

3. VA and TN – For these States, new input files were provided due to substantive changes 

that the State wanted to make relative to the 2002 initial base year input files. In addition, 

revised VMT data were developed for each State. 

Base G Revisions

For the production of the VISTAS 2002 Base G inventory, VISTAS states reviewed the Base F 

inputs, and provided corrections, updates and supplemental data. 

For all states modeled, the Base G updates include: 

Adding Stage II refueling emissions calculations to the SMOKE processing. 

Revised the HDD compliance for all states. (REBUILD EFFECTS = .1) 

In addition to the global changes, individual VISTAS states made the following updates: 

KY – updated VMT and M6 input values for selected counties. 

NC – revised VMT and registration distributions. 

TN - revised VMT and vehicle registration distributions for selected counties. 

VA – revised winter RFG calculations in Mobile 6 inputs. 

WV – revised VMT input data. 

AL, FL, and GA did not provide updates for Base G and therefore the Base F inputs were used 

for these States. 

1.3.1.1 Emissions from on-road mobile sources 

The MOBILE6 module of the Sparse Matrix Operator Kernel Emissions (SMOKE) model was 

used to develop the on-road mobile source emissions estimates for CO, NOX, NH3, SO2, PM, and 

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VOC emissions. The MOBILE6 parameters, vehicle fleet descriptions, and VMT estimates are 

combined with gridded, episode-specific temperature data to calculate the gridded, temporalized 

emission estimates. The MOBILE6 emissions factors are based on episode-specific temperatures 

predicted by the meteorological model. Further, the MOBILE6 emissions factors model accounts 

for the following: 

• Hourly and daily minimum/maximum temperatures; 

• Facility speeds; 

• Locale-specific inspection/maintenance (I/M) control programs, if any; 

• Adjustments for running losses; 

• Splitting of evaporative and exhaust emissions into separate source categories; 

• VMT, fleet turnover, and changes in fuel composition and Reid vapor pressure 

(RVP). 

The primary input to MOBILE6 is the MOBILE shell file. The MOBILE shell contains the 

various options (e.g. type of inspection and maintenance program in effect, type of oxygenated 

fuel program in effect, alternative vehicle mix profiles, RVP of in-use fuel, operating mode) that 

direct the calculation of the MOBILE6 emissions factors. The shells used in these runs were 

based on VISTAS Base F modeling inputs as noted in the previous section. 

For this analysis, the on-road mobile source emissions were produced using selected weeks 

(seven days) of each month and using these days as representative of the entire month. This 

selection criterion allows for the representation of day-of-the-week variability in the on-road 

motor vehicles, and models a representation of the meteorological variability in each month. The 

modeled weeks were selected from mid-month, avoiding inclusion of major holidays. 

The parameters for the SMOKE runs are as follows: 

 Episodes: 

 2002 Initial Base Year, and 

2009 and 2018 Future years, using 2009/2018 inventories and modeled using the 

same meteorology and episode days as 2002. 

 Episode represented by the following weeks per month: 

 January 15-21 

 February 12-18 

 March 12-18 

 April16-22 

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 May 14-20 

 June 11-17 

 July 16-22 

 August 13-19 

 September 17-23 

 October 15-21 

 November 12-18 

 December 17-23 

 Days modeled as holidays for annual run: 

New Year’s Day - January 1 

Good Friday – March 29 

Memorial Day – May 27 

July 4th 

Labor Day – September 2 

Thanksgiving Day – November 28, 29 

Christmas Eve – December 24 

Christmas Day – December 25 

 Output time zone: 

 Greenwich Mean Time (zone 0) 

 Projection: 

 Lambert Conformal with Alpha=33, Beta=45, Gamma=-97, and center at 

 (-97, 40). 

 Domain: 

36 Kilometer Grid: Origin at (-2736, -2088) kilometers with 148 rows by 112 

columns and 36-km square grid cells. 

12 Kilometer Grid: Origin at (108, -1620) kilometers with 168 rows by 177 

columns and 12-km square grid cells. 

 CMAQ model species: 

The CMAQ configuration was CB-IV with PM. The model species produced 

were: CO, NO, NO 

2, ALD 2, ETH, FORM, ISOP, NR, OLE, PAR, TERPB, TOL, 

XYL, NH 

3, SO 2, SULF, PEC, PMFINE, PNO 3, POA, PSO 4, and PMC. 

 Meteorology data: 

Daily (25-hour). SMOKE requires the following five types of MCIP outputs: (1) 

Grid cross 2-d, (2) Grid cross 3-d, (3) Met cross 2-d, (4) Met cross 3-d, and (5), 

Met dot 3-d. 

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The reconstructed emissions based on the representative week run were calculated by mapping 

each day of week (Mon, Tue, Wed, etc.) from the modeled month to the same day of week 

generated in the representative week run. In the case of holidays, these days were mapped to 

representative week Sundays. An example of this mapping for the January episode is presented 

in Table 1.3-1 below. Note that although the emissions were generated for individual calendar 

years (2002, 2009 and 2018) the meteorology is based on 2002. 

Table 1.3-1. Representative day mapping for January episode 

(Highlighted representative week). 

Modeled Representative Modeled Representative Modeled Representative 

Date Day Date Day Date Day 

1/1/2002* 1/20/2002 1/11/2002 1/18/2002 1/22/2002 1/15/2002 

1/2/2002 1/16/2002 1/12/2002 1/19/2002 1/23/2002 1/16/2002 

1/3/2002 1/17/2002 1/13/2002 1/20/2002 1/24/2002 1/17/2002 

1/4/2002 1/18/2002 1/14/2002 1/21/2002 1/25/2002 1/18/2002 

1/5/2002 1/19/2002 1/15/2002 1/15/2002 1/26/2002 1/19/2002 

1/6/2002 1/20/2002 1/16/2002 1/16/2002 1/27/2002 1/20/2002 

1/7/2002 1/21/2002 1/17/2002 1/17/2002 1/28/2002 1/21/2002 

1/8/2002 1/15/2002 1/18/2002 1/18/2002 1/29/2002 1/15/2002 

1/9/2002 1/16/2002 1/19/2002 1/19/2002 1/30/2002 1/16/2002 

1/10/2002 1/17/2002 1/20/2002 1/20/2002 1/31/2002 1/17/2002 

 1/21/2002 1/21/2002 

* Modeled holiday 

1.3.2 Development of non-road emission estimates 

Emissions from non-road sources were estimated in two steps. First, emissions for non-road 

sources that are included in the NONROAD model were developed. Second, emissions from 

sources not included in the NONROAD model were estimated. The sections below detail the 

procedures used for each group of sources. 

1.3.2.1 Emissions from NONROAD model sources 

An initial 2002 base year emissions inventory for non-road engines and equipment covered by 

the EPA NONROAD model was prepared for VISTAS in early 2004. The methods and 

assumptions used to develop the inventory are presented in a February 9, 2004 report 

“Development of the VISTAS Draft 2002 Mobile Source Emission Inventory (February 2004 

Version)” as prepared by E.H. Pechan & Associates, Inc. Except as otherwise stated below, all 

aspects of the preparation methodology documented in that report continue to apply to the 

revised NONROAD modeling discussed in this section. 

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Revisions to the initial 2002 NONROAD emissions inventory were implemented to ensure that 

the latest State and local data were considered, as well as to more accurately reflect gasoline 

sulfur contents for 2002 and correct other State-specific discrepancies. Those revisions comprise 

the Base F VISTAS non-road inventory. This section details the specific revisions made to the 

NONROAD model input files for the Base F and Base G VISTAS base year inventories, and 

provides insight into some key differences between the versions of the NONROAD model 

employed for the Base F and Base G inventories and the previous version employed for the 

initial 2002 base year inventory prepared by Pechan. 

Revisions to the initial 2002 emissions inventory prepared by Pechan were actually implemented 

in two stages. An initial set of revisions was implemented in the fall of 2004. Those revisions 

resulted in the Base F inventory. These were followed by a second set of revisions in the spring 

of 2006. Those estimates produced the Base G base year inventory. To accurately document the 

combined effects of both sets of revisions, each set is discussed separately below. Unless 

otherwise indicated, all revisions implemented in Base F were carried directly into the Base G 

revision process without change. Thus, the inventories that resulted from the Base F revisions 

served as the starting point for the Base G revisions. 

For Base F, three VISTAS States provided detailed data revisions for consideration in 

developing revised model inputs. These States were: 

1. North Carolina 

2. Tennessee (including a separate submission for Davidson County), and 

3. Virginia. 

The remaining seven VISTAS States indicated that the initial 2002 VISTAS input files prepared 

by Pechan continued to reflect the most recent data available. These States were: 

1. Alabama, 

2. Florida, 

3. Georgia, 

4. Kentucky, 

5. Mississippi, 

6. South Carolina, and 

7. West Virginia. 

However, it should be recognized that the NONROAD input files for all ten VISTAS States were 

updated to reflect gasoline sulfur content revisions for the Base F 2002 base year inventory (as 

discussed below). The original files prepared by Pechan are available on their FTP site in the 

/pub/VISTAS/MOB_0104/ directory. 

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Before presenting the specific implemented revisions, it is important to note that the Base F 2002 

base year inventory utilized a newer release of the NONROAD model than was used for the 

initial 2002 base year inventory (prepared by Pechan). The Base F 2002 base year inventory, as 

developed in spring 2004, was based on the Draft NONROAD2004 model, which was released 

by the EPA in May of 2004. This model is no longer available on EPA’s website. The initial 

2002 base year inventory (prepared by Pechan) was based on the Draft NONROAD2002a 

version of the model (which is also no longer available on EPA’s website). Key differences 

between the models are as follows: 

• Draft NONROAD2004 included the effects of the Tier 4 non-road engine and equipment 

standards (this did not impact the Base F 2002 inventory estimates, but did affect Base F 

future year forecasts). 

• Draft NONROAD2004 included the exhaust emission impacts of the large spark-ignition 

engine standards; the evaporative impacts of these standards are not incorporated (this 

does not impact 2002 inventory estimates, but does affect future year forecasts). 

• Draft NONROAD2004 included revised equipment population estimates. 

• The PM2.5 fraction for diesel equipment in Draft NONROAD2004 had been updated from 

0.92 to 0.97. 

• Draft NONROAD2004 included revisions to recreational marine activity, useful life, and 

emission rates. 

To the extent that these revisions affect 2002 emissions estimates, they will be reflected as 

differentials between the initial and Base F 2002 VISTAS base year inventories. It is perhaps 

important to identify that, at the time of the Base F inventory revisions; the EPA recognized the 

Draft NONROAD2004 model as an appropriate mechanism for SIP development. Although the 

model was designated as a draft update, it reflected the latest and most accurate NONROAD 

planning data at that time, as evidenced by the EPA’s use of that version for the Tier 4 Final 

Rulemaking. 

Prior to the Base G inventory revisions implemented in 2006, the EPA released another updated 

version of the NONROAD model, designated as Final NONROAD2005 (which can be 

downloaded from: http://www.epa.gov/OMSWWW/nonrdmdl.htm#model). This version 

ostensibly represents the final version of the model, although certain components of it have been 

updated since its first release in December 2005. For the Base G inventory developed in the first 

half of 2006, all updates of the Final NONROAD2005 model through March 2006 are included. 

Key differences between Final NONROAD2005 and Draft NONROAD2004 are as follows: 

• Final NONROAD2005 reflects the latest basic emission rate and deterioration data. 

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• Final NONROAD2005 includes emission estimates for a range of evaporative emissions 

categories not included in Draft NONROAD2004 (tank and hose permeation, hot soak, 

and running loss emissions). 

• Final NONROAD2005 includes a revised diurnal emissions algorithm. 

• Final NONROAD2005 includes a revised equipment scrappage algorithm. 

• Final NONROAD2005 includes revised state and county equipment allocation data. 

• Final NONROAD2005 allows separate sulfur content inputs for marine and land-based 

diesel fuel. 

• Final NONROAD2005 includes revised conversion factors for hydrocarbon emissions. 

• Final NONROAD2005 includes the evaporative emission impacts of the large 

spark-ignition engine standards (this does not impact 2002 inventory estimates, but does 

affect future year forecasts). 

Unfortunately, due to the extensive revisions associated with Final NONROAD2005, input files 

created for use with Draft NONROAD2004 (e.g., Base F input files) and earlier versions of the 

model cannot be used directly with Final NONROAD2005 (used for Base G). This created a 

rather significant impact in that the VISTAS NONROAD modeling process involves the 

consideration of over 200 unique sets of input data. To avoid creating new input files for each of 

these datasets, a conversion process was undertaken wherein each of the Draft NONROAD2004 

(Base F) input data files were converted into the proper format required for proper execution in 

Final NONROAD2005 (Base G).1

 This process consisted of the following steps: 

• Revise the Draft NONROAD2004 (Base F) input files to include the following two line 

EPA-developed comment at the end of the input file header (this is a nonsubstantive 

change implemented solely for consistency with input files produced directly using Final 

NONROAD2005): 

9/2005 epa: Add growth & tech years to OPTIONS packet 

 and Counties & Retrofit files to RUNFILES packet. 

 

1

 The necessary conversions where developed by comparing substantively identical input files created using the 

graphical user interfaces for both Draft NONROAD2004 and Final NONROAD2005. The differences between the 

input files indicated the specific revisions necessary to convert existing VISTAS input files into Final 

NONROAD2005 format. 

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• Revise the Draft NONROAD2004 (Base F) input files to include the following two 

command lines after the “Weekday or weekend” command in the PERIOD packet: 

Year of growth calc: 

Year of tech sel : 

• Revise the Draft NONROAD2004 (Base F) input files to include the following command 

line after the “Diesel sulfur percent” command in the OPTIONS packet: 

Marine Dsl sulfur %: 0.2638 

Note that the value 0.2638 (2638 parts per million by weight [ppmW]) is applicable only 

for 2002 modeling and was accordingly revised (as described below) for both the 2009 

and 2018 Base G forecast inventories. The 2638 ppmW sulfur value for 2002 marine 

diesel fuel was taken from the 48-State (excludes Alaska and Hawaii) tabulation 

presented in the April 27, 2004 EPA document “Diesel Fuel Sulfur Inputs for the Draft 

NONROAD2004 Model used in the 2004 Non-road Diesel Engine Final Rule.” It should 

also be noted that this value differs by about 5 percent from the 2500 ppmW value 

previously used for the initial 2002 VISTAS modeling (performed by Pechan). Prior to 

Final NONROAD2005 (used for Base G), the NONROAD model allowed only a single 

diesel fuel sulfur input that was applied to both land-based and marine equipment. As 

documented in the February 9, 2004 report “Development of the VISTAS Draft 2002 

Mobile Source Emission Inventory (February 2004 Version)” as prepared by E.H. Pechan 

& Associates, Inc., a value of 2500 ppmW sulfur was used for all 2002 VISTAS 

NONROAD modeling. Given the ability of Final NONROAD2005 to distinguish a 

separate sulfur content for marine equipment and the existing EPA guidance document 

suggesting an appropriate marine sulfur value of 2638 ppmW for 2002, the existing 

modeling value of 2500 ppmW was modified (for marine equipment only). 

• Replace the Draft NONROAD2004 (Base F) input files RUNFILES packet command 

line: 

TECHNOLOGY : c:\non-road\data\tech\tech.dat 

with the command lines: 

EXH TECHNOLOGY : c:\non-road\data\tech\tech-exh.dat 

EVP TECHNOLOGY : c:\non-road\data\tech\tech-evp.dat 

• Revise the Draft NONROAD2004 (Base F) input files to include the following two 

command lines after the “EPS2 AMS” command in the RUNFILES packet: 

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US COUNTIES FIPS : c:\non-road\data\allocate\fips.dat 

RETROFIT : 

• Revise the Draft NONROAD2004 (Base F) input files to include the following command 

line after the “Rec marine outbrd” command in the ALLOC FILES packet: 

Locomotive NOx : c:\non-road\data\allocate\XX_rail.alo 

Where “XX” varies across input files. For any given file, “XX” is the two digit 

abbreviation of the state associated with the scenario being modeled (e.g., for Alabama 

modeling, XX=AL). 

• Replace the Draft NONROAD2004 (Base F) input files EMFAC FILES packet command 

line: 

Diurnal : c:\non-road\data\emsfac\diurnal.emf 

with the eight command lines: 

Diurnal : c:\non-road\data\emsfac\evdiu.emf 

TANK PERM : c:\non-road\data\emsfac\evtank.emf 

NON-RM HOSE PERM : c:\non-road\data\emsfac\evhose.emf 

RM FILL NECK PERM : c:\non-road\data\emsfac\evneck.emf 

RM SUPPLY/RETURN : c:\non-road\data\emsfac\evsupret.emf 

RM VENT PERM : c:\non-road\data\emsfac\evvent.emf 

HOT SOAKS : c:\non-road\data\emsfac\evhotsk.emf 

RUNINGLOSS : c:\non-road\data\emsfac\evrunls.emfEVP 

• Revise the Draft NONROAD2004 (Base F) input files to include the following command 

line after the “PM exhaust” command in the DETERIORATE FILES packet: 

Diurnal : c:\non-road\data\detfac\evdiu.det 

Once revised in this format, the VISTAS non-road input files developed for use with Draft 

NONROAD2004 (Base F) were executable under the Final NONROAD2005 model (Base G). 

The only additional revisions implemented to develop a Final NONROAD2005-based inventory 

(Base G) involved elimination of non-default equipment allocation files for North Carolina and 

West Virginia. Due to concerns about improper equipment allocation across counties under the 

Draft NONROAD2004 model (used for Base F), as well as for earlier versions of the 

NONROAD model, North Carolina had produced alternative allocation data files indicating the 

number of employees in air transportation by county, the number of wholesale establishments by 

county, and the number of employees in landscaping services by county. For the same reason, 

West Virginia had produced alternative equipment allocation files indicating the number of 

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employees in air transportation by county, the tonnage of underground coal production by 

county, the number of golf courses and country clubs by county, the number of wholesale 

establishments by county, the number of employees in logging operations by county, the number 

of employees in landscaping services by county, the number of employees in manufacturing 

operations by county, the number of employees in oil and gas drilling and extraction operations 

by county, and the number of recreational vehicle parks and campgrounds by county. These 

alternative equipment allocation files were used for all VISTAS inventory modeling conducted 

prior to the release of Final NONROAD2005 (i.e., through Base F). However, both North 

Carolina and West Virginia determined that the default allocation file revisions associated with 

the release of Final NONROAD2005 were appropriate to address the concerns that led to the 

development of the alternative allocation files. As a result, all alternative allocation file 

commands were removed from VISTAS NONROAD2005 (Base G) input files for North 

Carolina and West Virginia, so that the entire region under the Base G inventory is now modeled 

using the default allocation files provided with NONROAD2005. 

In addition to the alternative equipment allocation files, North Carolina had previously 

developed an alternative seasonal adjustment file that was used for the Base F inventory in place 

of the default file provided with Draft NONROAD2004 (and earlier model versions). The 

alternative data file implemented a single change, namely reclassifying North Carolina as a 

southeastern state rather than a mid-Atlantic state (as identified in the default data file). Since 

Final NONROAD2005 continues to identify North Carolina as a mid-Atlantic state, North 

Carolina requested that the southeastern reclassification be continued for all NONROAD2005 

modeling (Base G). To ensure that any other revisions associated with the seasonal adjustment 

file released with NONROAD2005 were not overlooked, the previously developed alternative 

seasonal adjustment file for North Carolina was scrapped and a new alternative file was created 

from the default seasonal adjustment file provided with Final NONROAD2005 for Base G 

inventory development. The alternative file, which was used for all North Carolina modeling, 

reclassifies North Carolina from a mid-Atlantic to a southeastern state. This represents the only 

non-default data file used for VISTAS NONROAD2005-based (Base G) modeling. 

The remainder of this section documents all changes to the originally established VISTAS input 

file values as documented in the February 9, 2004 report “Development of the VISTAS Draft 

2002 Mobile Source Emission Inventory (February 2004 Version)” as prepared by E.H. Pechan 

& Associates, Inc. Unless specifically stated below, all values from that report continue to be 

used without change in the latest VISTAS modeling. 

Base F Revisions:

For the initial 2002 base year inventory (developed by Pechan), all NONROAD modeling runs 

for VISTAS were performed utilizing a gasoline sulfur content of 339 ppmW and a diesel sulfur 

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content of 2,500 ppmW. Although the EPA-recommended non-road diesel fuel sulfur content for 

2002 is 2,283 ppmW, the 2,500 ppmW sulfur content used for the initial 2002 base year VISTAS 

inventory was designed to remove the effect of lower non-road diesel fuel sulfur limits 

applicable only in California. (The EPA recommended inputs can be found in “Diesel Fuel 

Sulfur Inputs for the Draft NONROAD2004 Model used in the 2004 Non-road Diesel Engine 

Final Rule,” EPA, April 27, 2004.) This correction is appropriate and was retained for the Base 

F 2002 inventory. Thus, the Base F inventory continued to assume a diesel fuel sulfur content of 

2,500 ppmW across the VISTAS region. 

However, 339 ppmW is not the EPA recommended 2002 gasoline sulfur content for either 

eastern conventional gasoline areas or Federal Reformulated Gasoline (RFG) areas. The 

recommended sulfur content for eastern conventional gasoline is 279 ppmW year-round, while 

the recommended sulfur content for RFG areas is 129 ppmW during the summer season and 279 

ppmW during the winter season. (Conventional gasoline and RFG sulfur contents for 2002 can 

be found in “User’s Guide to MOBILE6.1 and MOBILE6.2, Mobile Source Emission Factor 

Model,” EPA420-R-03-010, U.S. EPA, August 2003 [pages 149-155] (available at link at 

http://www.epa.gov/otaq/m6.htm) and in the source code for MOBILE6.2 at Block Data BD05.) 

Given the differences in the EPA-recommended values and the value used to generate the initial 

2002 base year inventory, the input files for Base F for all VISTAS areas were updated to reflect 

revised gasoline sulfur content assumptions. 

Since the VISTAS NONROAD modeling is performed on a seasonal basis, and since gasoline 

sulfur content in RFG areas varies with the RFG season, seasonally-specific gasoline sulfur 

content values were estimated for use in RFG area modeling. In addition, 25 counties in Georgia 

are subject to a summertime gasoline sulfur limit of 150 ppmW, so that seasonal sulfur content 

estimates were also estimated for these counties. The initial 2002 base year NONROAD 

inventory (prepared by Pechan) for these Georgia counties was based on a year-round 339 

ppmW gasoline sulfur content, but that oversight was corrected in the Base F 2002 base year 

inventory. Based on the seasonal definitions employed in the NONROAD model, monthly sulfur 

contents were averaged to estimate seasonal gasoline sulfur contents as follows: 

Month/Season RFG Areas 

Conventional 

Gasoline Areas 

Georgia Gasoline 

Control Areas 

March 279 ppmW 279 ppmW 279 ppmW 

April 279 ppmW 279 ppmW 279 ppmW 

May 129 ppmW 279 ppmW 150 ppmW 

Spring 229 ppmW 279 ppmW 236 ppmW 

June 129 ppmW 279 ppmW 150 ppmW 

July 129 ppmW 279 ppmW 150 ppmW 

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August 129 ppmW 279 ppmW 150 ppmW 

Summer 129 ppmW 279 ppmW 150 ppmW 

September 129 ppmW 279 ppmW 150 ppmW 

October 279 ppmW 279 ppmW 279 ppmW 

November 279 ppmW 279 ppmW 279 ppmW 

Fall 229 ppmW 279 ppmW 236 ppmW 

December 279 ppmW 279 ppmW 279 ppmW 

January 279 ppmW 279 ppmW 279 ppmW 

February 279 ppmW 279 ppmW 279 ppmW 

Winter 279 ppmW 279 ppmW 279 ppmW 

Note that the seasonal data are based on simple arithmetic averages and do not consider any 

monthly variation in activity (and fuel sales), and that the transition between summer and winter 

seasons is also not considered. Additionally, the summer fuel control season is treated as though 

it applies from May through September, while the summer RFG season actually ends on 

September 15 and the Georgia fuel control season does not officially begin until June 1. This 

treatment is consistent with the treatment of both fuel control programs in the VISTAS on-road 

vehicle modeling. Each of these influences will result in some error in the estimated sulfur 

content estimates, but it is expected that this error is small relative to the overall correction from 

a year-round sulfur content estimate of 339 ppmW. 

All NONROAD modeling revisions made as part of the Base F inventory preparation process are 

presented in Table 1.3-2. Due to more involved updates in several areas, the number of 

NONROAD input files as well as sequence numbers used to represent these files was also 

updated in a few instances (as compared to the files used to create the initial 2002 VISTAS nonroad inventory, as documented in the February 9, 2004 report “Development of the VISTAS Draft 

2002 Mobile Source Emission Inventory (February 2004 Version)” as prepared by E.H. Pechan 

& Associates, Inc. These structural revisions are presented in Table 1.3-3, and are provided 

solely for the benefit of NONROAD modelers as the indicated revisions have no impact on 

generated emission estimates. 

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Table 1.3-2. Summary of Base F NONROAD Modeling Revisions

State Revisions Implemented 

AL (1) Gasoline sulfur content changed from 339 ppmW to 279 ppmW in all counties and all seasons (all 

are conventional gasoline areas). 

FL (1) Gasoline sulfur content changed from 339 ppmW to 279 ppmW in all counties and all seasons (all 

are conventional gasoline areas). 

GA 

(1) Gasoline sulfur content changed from 339 ppmW to 279 ppmW in all seasons for conventional 

gasoline counties. 

(2) Gasoline sulfur content changed from 339 ppmW to 150 ppmW in the summer for all gasoline 

control counties. 

(3) Gasoline sulfur content changed from 339 ppmW to 236 ppmW in the spring and fall for all gasoline 

control counties. 

(4) Gasoline sulfur content changed from 339 ppmW to 279 ppmW in the winter for all gasoline control 

counties. 

Gasoline control counties: Barrow, Bartow, Butts, Carroll, Cherokee (a), Clayton (a), Cobb (a), 

Coweta (a), Dawson, De Kalb (a), Douglas (a), Fayette (a), Forsyth (a), Fulton (a), Gwinnett 

(a), Hall, Haralson, Henry (a), Jackson, Newton, Paulding (a), Pickens, Rockdale (a), Spalding, 

and Walton 

KY 

(1) Gasoline sulfur content changed from 339 ppmW to 279 ppmW in all seasons for conventional 

gasoline counties. 

(2) Gasoline sulfur content changed from 339 ppmW to 129 ppmW in the summer for all gasoline 

control counties. 

(3) Gasoline sulfur content changed from 339 ppmW to 229 ppmW in the spring and fall for all gasoline 

control counties. 

(4) Gasoline sulfur content changed from 339 ppmW to 279 ppmW in the winter for all gasoline control 

counties. 

Gasoline control counties: Boone, Bullitt (b), Campbell, Jefferson, Kenton, and Oldham (b) 

MS (1) Gasoline sulfur content changed from 339 ppmW to 279 ppmW in all counties and all seasons (all 

are conventional gasoline areas). 

NC 

(1) Gasoline sulfur content changed from 339 ppmW to 279 ppmW in all counties and all seasons (all 

are conventional gasoline areas). 

(2) Utilize revised (i.e., local) allocation files for three equipment categories. 

(3) Utilize revised (i.e., local) seasonal activity data. 

SC (1) Gasoline sulfur content changed from 339 ppmW to 279 ppmW in all counties and all seasons (all 

are conventional gasoline areas). 

TN 

(1) Gasoline sulfur content changed from 339 ppmW to 279 ppmW in all counties and all seasons (all 

are conventional gasoline areas). 

(2) Gasoline Reid Vapor Pressure (RVP) values changed in accordance with local recommendations. 

(3) Temperature data changed in accordance with local recommendations. 

(4) Counties regrouped in accordance with local recommendations. 

- continued -

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Table 1.3-2. Summary of Base F NONROAD Modeling Revisions (continued) 

State Revisions Implemented 

VA 

(1) Gasoline sulfur content changed from 339 ppmW to 279 ppmW in all seasons for conventional 

gasoline counties. 

(2) Gasoline sulfur content changed from 339 ppmW to 129 ppmW in the summer for all gasoline 

control counties. 

(3) Gasoline sulfur content changed from 339 ppmW to 229 ppmW in the spring and fall for all gasoline 

control counties. 

(4) Gasoline sulfur content changed from 339 ppmW to 279 ppmW in the winter for all gasoline control 

counties. 

(5) Gasoline RVP values changed in accordance with local recommendations. 

(6) Counties regrouped in accordance with local recommendations. 

(7) The control effectiveness for counties subject to Stage II controls revised to 77 percent in accordance 

with local recommendations. 

Gasoline control counties: Arlington Co., Fairfax Co., Loudoun Co., Prince William Co., 

Stafford Co., Alexandria City, Fairfax City, Falls Church City, Manassas City, Manassas Park 

City, Chesterfield Co., Hanover Co., Henrico Co., Colonial Heights City, Hopewell City, 

Richmond City, James City, York Co., Chesapeake City, Hampton City, Newport News City, 

Norfolk City, Poquoson City, Portsmouth City, Suffolk City, Virginia Beach City, and 

Williamsburg City (c) 

WV 

(1) Gasoline sulfur content changed from 339 ppmW to 279 ppmW in all counties and all seasons (all 

are conventional gasoline areas). 

(2) Continue to utilize local allocation files for nine equipment categories. 

Notes: 

(a) County is subject to local control currently, but is scheduled to join the RFG program in January 2005. 

(b) Control area is a portion of the county, but modeling is performed as though the control applies countywide. 

(c) The EPA also lists Charles City County as an RFG area, but local planners indicate that Charles City County is a conventional gasoline 

area and it is modeled as such. 

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Table 1.3-3. Base F NONROAD Input File Sequence and Structural Revisions

State 

Initial 2002 Base Year 

Inventory 

Input File 

Sequence Numbers 

Revised 2002 

Inventory 

Input File 

Sequence Numbers 

Reason(s) for Change 

Number of 

Revised 2002 Inventory 

NONROAD Input Files 

AL 01-08 01-08 No Structural Changes 32 (at 8 per season) 

FL 09-10 09-10 No Structural Changes 8 (at 2 per season) 

GA 11-13 11-13 No Structural Changes 12 (at 3 per season) 

KY 14-22 14-22 No Structural Changes 36 (at 9 per season) 

MS 48 48 No Structural Changes 4 (at 1 per season) 

NC 23-25 23-25 No Structural Changes 12 (at 3 per season) 

SC 26-32 26-32 No Structural Changes 28 (at 7 per season) 

TN 33-34 33-34, 49-52 Counties Regrouped 24 (at 6 per season) 

VA 35-43 35-38, 40-43 Counties Regrouped 32 (at 8 per season) 

WV 44-47 44-47 No Structural Changes 16 (at 4 per season) 

All 01-48 01-38, 40-52 204 (at 51 per season) 

Note: (1) All files include internal revisions to reflect the data changes summarized in Table 1.3-3 above. This table is intended to present 

structural revisions that are of interest in assembling the NONROAD model input files into a complete VISTAS region inventory. 

The indicated revisions do not (in and of themselves) result in emission estimate changes. 

 (2) The NONROAD model imposes an eight digit input file name limit, so all input files for the revised 2002 base year inventory 

follow a modified naming convention to allow each to be distinguished from the input files for the initial 2002 base year inventory. 

For the initial 2002 base year inventory, the naming convention was: 

ss02aaqq, where: ss = the two character State abbreviation, 

 aa = a two character season indicator as follows: AU = autumn, 

WI = winter, SP = spring, and SU = summer, and 

 qq = the two digit sequence number indicated above. 

For the revised 2002 inventory, the naming convention was modified to: 

ss02aFqq, where: ss = the two character State abbreviation, 

 a = a one character season indicator as follows: A = autumn, 

W = winter, S = spring, and X = summer, and 

 qq = the two digit sequence number indicated above. 

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Base G Revisions:

As described above, the primary modeling revision implemented for the Base G 2002 inventory 

was the use of the Final NONROAD2005 model (in place of the Base F use of Draft 

NONROAD2004). However, there were other minor revisions implemented for 13 Georgia 

counties and somewhat more significant revisions implemented for Tennessee. In Georgia, Stage 

II refueling control was assumed for 13 counties that previously were modeled as having no 

refueling control under Base F. In addition, to accommodate this Stage II change as well as 

forecast year changes in gasoline vapor pressure, corresponding changes in the structure and 

sequence of Georgia NONROAD input files were made. With the exception of the minor Stage 

II impacts, these structural and sequence changes have no impact on 2002 emission estimates, 

but allow for consistency between 2002 and forecast year input file structure and sequence. In 

Tennessee, more significant changes were implemented to gasoline vapor pressure assumptions, 

as well as similar minor changes in Stage II refueling control assumptions. 

In accordance with instructions from Georgia regulators, Stage II refueling control was assumed 

in the following 13 Georgia counties at a control efficiency value of 81 percent for the 

Base G inventory: 

Cherokee, Clayton, Cobb, Coweta, DeKalb, Douglas, Fayette, Forsyth, Fulton, 

Gwinnett, Henry, Paulding, and Rockdale. 

No Stage II control was assumed in these counties in prior inventories. 

Tennessee regulators provided revised monthly values for gasoline vapor pressure. Based on the 

seasonal definitions employed in the NONROAD model, monthly vapor pressures were averaged 

to estimate seasonal vapor pressures as follows: 

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Month/Season Nashville Area Memphis Area 

Remainder of 

Tennessee 

March 13.5 psi 13.5 psi 13.5 psi 

April 13.5 psi 13.5 psi 13.5 psi 

May 9.0 psi 9.0 psi 9.0 psi 

Spring 12.0 psi 12.0 psi 12.0 psi 

June 7.8 psi 7.8 psi 9.0 psi 

July 7.8 psi 7.8 psi 9.0 psi 

August 7.8 psi 7.8 psi 9.0 psi 

Summer 7.8 psi 7.8 psi 9.0 psi 

September 1-15 7.8 psi 7.8 psi 9.0 psi 

September 16-30 11.5 psi 11.5 psi 11.5 psi 

October 13.5 psi 13.5 psi 13.5 psi 

November 13.5 psi 13.5 psi 13.5 psi 

Fall 12.2 psi 12.2 psi 12.4 psi 

December 15.0 psi 15.0 psi 15.0 psi 

January 15.0 psi 15.0 psi 15.0 psi 

February 13.5 psi 13.5 psi 13.5 psi 

Winter 14.5 psi 14.5 psi 14.5 psi 

Note: The Nashville area consists of Davidson, Rutherford, Sumner, Williamson and Wilson 

counties, the Memphis area consists of Shelby County. 

As with the Base F revisions, the seasonal data are based on simple arithmetic averages and do 

not consider any monthly variation in activity (and fuel sales), nor is the transition between 

summer and winter seasons considered. Additionally, a monthly average of the September 1-15 

and September 16-30 data is calculated prior to averaging the September-November data to 

estimate a fall average vapor pressure, so that the month of September is weighted identically to 

the months of October and November. 

Tennessee regulators also indicated that Stage II vapor recovery was not in effect in Shelby 

County, so the Base F NONROAD input files for the county (which assumed Stage II was in 

place) were revised accordingly. 

All Base G NONROAD modeling revisions are presented in Table 1.3-4. As indicated above, the 

differentiation of inputs across previously grouped counties also required revision to the overall 

number and sequence of VISTAS NONROAD input files (as compared to the files used to create 

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both the initial VISTAS non-road inventory, as documented in the February 9, 2004 report 

“Development of the VISTAS Draft 2002 Mobile Source Emission Inventory (February 2004 

Version)” as prepared by E.H. Pechan & Associates, Inc., and the Base F revised inventory as 

documented above. These structural revisions are presented in Table 1.3-5, and are provided 

solely for the benefit of NONROAD modelers as the indicated revisions have no impact on 

generated emission estimates. 

Table 1.3-4. Summary of Base G NONROAD Modeling Revisions

State Revisions Implemented 

AL (1) Marine diesel sulfur content changed from 2500 ppmW to 2638 ppmW in all counties and seasons. 

FL (1) Marine diesel sulfur content changed from 2500 ppmW to 2638 ppmW in all counties and seasons. 

GA 

(1) Marine diesel sulfur content changed from 2500 ppmW to 2638 ppmW in all counties and seasons. 

(2) Stage II refueling vapor recovery implemented in 13 counties at an efficiency of 81 percent. 

(3) Counties regrouped to accommodate base and forecast year data differentiations. 

Stage II control counties: Cherokee, Clayton, Cobb, Coweta, De Kalb, Douglas, Fayette, 

Forsyth, Fulton, Gwinnett, Henry, Paulding, and Rockdale 

KY (1) Marine diesel sulfur content changed from 2500 ppmW to 2638 ppmW in all counties and seasons. 

MS (1) Marine diesel sulfur content changed from 2500 ppmW to 2638 ppmW in all counties and seasons. 

NC 

(1) Marine diesel sulfur content changed from 2500 ppmW to 2638 ppmW in all counties and seasons. 

(2) Revert to default equipment allocation files for all equipment categories. 

(3) Utilize revised (i.e., local) seasonal activity data. 

SC (1) Marine diesel sulfur content changed from 2500 ppmW to 2638 ppmW in all counties and seasons. 

TN 

(1) Marine diesel sulfur content changed from 2500 ppmW to 2638 ppmW in all counties and seasons. 

(2) Gasoline RVP values changed in accordance with local recommendations. 

(3) Stage II vapor recovery eliminated from Shelby County modeling. 

VA (1) Marine diesel sulfur content changed from 2500 ppmW to 2638 ppmW in all counties and seasons. 

WV (1) Marine diesel sulfur content changed from 2500 ppmW to 2638 ppmW in all counties and seasons. 

(2) Revert to default equipment allocation files for all equipment categories. 

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Table 1.3-5. Spring 2006 NONROAD Input File Sequence and Structural Revisions

State 

2002 Inventory 

Input File 

Sequence Numbers 

(Fall 2004) 

2002 Inventory 

Input File 

Sequence Numbers 

(Spring 2006) 

Reason(s) for Change 

Number of 

Final 2002 Inventory 

NONROAD Input Files 

AL 01-08 01-08 No Structural Changes 32 (at 8 per season) 

FL 09-10 09-10 No Structural Changes 8 (at 2 per season) 

GA 11-13 11-13, 53-54 Counties Regrouped 20 (at 5 per season) 

KY 14-22 14-22 No Structural Changes 36 (at 9 per season) 

MS 48 48 No Structural Changes 4 (at 1 per season) 

NC 23-25 23-25 No Structural Changes 12 (at 3 per season) 

SC 26-32 26-32 No Structural Changes 28 (at 7 per season) 

TN 33-34, 49-52 33-34, 49-52 No Structural Changes 24 (at 6 per season) 

VA 35-38, 40-43 35-38, 40-43 No Structural Changes 32 (at 8 per season) 

WV 44-47 44-47 No Structural Changes 16 (at 4 per season) 

All 01-38, 40-52 01-38, 40-54 212 (at 53 per season) 

Note: (1) All files include internal revisions to reflect the data changes summarized in Table 1.3-5 above. This table is intended to present 

structural revisions that are of interest in assembling the NONROAD model input files into a complete VISTAS region inventory. 

The indicated revisions do not (in and of themselves) result in emission estimate changes. 

 (2) The NONROAD model imposes an eight digit input file name limit, so all input files for the revised 2002 base year inventory 

follow a modified naming convention to allow each to be distinguished from the input files for the initial 2002 and fall 

2004-revised 2002 base year inventory. For the initial 2002 base year inventory, the naming convention was: 

ss02aaqq, where: ss = the two character State abbreviation, 

 aa = a two character season indicator as follows: AU = autumn, 

WI = winter, SP = spring, and SU = summer, and 

 qq = the two digit sequence number indicated above. 

For the fall 2004-revised 2002 inventory, the naming convention was modified to: 

ss02aFqq, where: ss = the two character State abbreviation, 

 a = a one character season indicator as follows: A = autumn, 

W = winter, S = spring, and X = summer, and 

 qq = the two digit sequence number indicated above. 

For the spring 2006-revised 2002 inventory, the naming convention was modified to: 

ss02aCqq, where: ss = the two character State abbreviation, 

 a = a one character season indicator as follows: A = autumn, 

W = winter, S = spring, and X = summer, and 

 qq = the two digit sequence number indicated above. 

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1.3.2.2 Emissions from Commercial Marine Vessels, Locomotives, and Airplanes 

An initial 2002 base year emissions inventory for aircraft, locomotives, and commercial marine 

vessels (CMV) was prepared for VISTAS in early 2004. The methods and data used to develop 

the inventory are presented in a February 9, 2004 report “Development of the VISTAS Draft 2002 

Mobile Source Emission Inventory (February 2004 Version)” as prepared by E.H. Pechan & 

Associates, Inc. A summary of the initial 2002 base year emissions inventory is presented in 

Table 1.3-6. Except as otherwise stated below, all aspects of the preparation methodology 

continue to apply to the Base F and Base G emission inventories. 

Revisions to the initial 2002 emissions inventory (prepared by Pechan) were implemented to 

ensure that the latest State and local data were incorporated as well as to correct an 

overestimation of PM emissions from aircraft. Revisions were actually implemented in two 

stages. An initial set of revisions was implemented in the fall of 2004. Those revisions constitute 

the Base F inventory. These were followed by a second set of revisions in 2006, which constitute 

the Base G inventory. To accurately document the combined effects of both sets of revisions, 

each set is discussed separately below. Unless otherwise indicated, all revisions implemented for 

Base F were carried directly into the Base G revision process without change. Thus, the 

inventories that resulted from the Base F revisions served as the starting point for the Base G 

revisions. 

Base F Revisions:

Revisions to the initial 2002 base year emissions inventory were implemented to ensure that the 

latest State and local data were incorporated as well as to correct an overestimation of PM 

emissions from aircraft. Seven of the ten VISTAS States provided revised inventory data in the 

form of emissions reported to the EPA under the CERR. States providing CERR data were 

Alabama, Georgia, Mississippi, North Carolina, Tennessee (excluding Davidson, Hamilton, 

Knox, and Shelby Counties), Virginia, and West Virginia. 

In many cases, the CERR data were only marginally different than the initial 2002 base year 

inventory data, but there were several instances where significant updates were evident. The 

remaining three VISTAS States (Florida, Kentucky, and South Carolina), plus Davidson, 

Hamilton, Knox, and Shelby counties in Tennessee, indicated that the initial 2002 VISTAS 

inventory continued to reflect the most recent data available. Florida did provide updated aircraft 

emissions data for one county (Miami-Dade) and these data were incorporated into the Base F 

2002 inventory as described below. 

Since several States recommended retaining the initial 2002 base year inventory data for Base F, 

the initial step toward revising the 2002 inventory consisted of modifying the estimated aircraft 

PM emissions of the initial inventory. The overestimation of aircraft PM became evident shortly 

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after the release of the initial 2002 base year inventory, when it was determined that VISTAS 

region airports would constitute the top seven, and 11 of the top 15, PM sources in the nation. 

Moreover, PM emissions for one airport (Miami International) were a full order of magnitude 

larger than all other modeled elemental carbon PM emission sources. In addition, unexpected 

relationships across airports were also observed, with emissions for Atlanta’s Hartsfield 

International being substantially less than those of Miami International, even though Atlanta 

handles over twice as many aircraft operations annually. Given the pervasiveness of this 

problem, and since the CERR data submitted by States was based on the initial 2002 VISTAS 

inventory data, aircraft PM emissions for the entire VISTAS region were recalculated. 

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Table 1.3-6. Initial 2002 Base Year Aircraft, Locomotive, and Non-Recreational Marine 

Emissions as Reported in February 2004 Pechan Report (annual tons)

Source State CO NOx PM10 PM2.5 SO2 VOC 

AL 3,787 175 688 475 17 196 

FL 28,518 11,955 46,352 31,983 1,050 3,703 

GA 3,175 992 3,919 2,704 94 353 

KY 2,666 657 2,597 1,792 63 263 

MS 1,593 140 553 381 13 96 

NC 6,088 1,548 6,115 4,219 148 613 

SC 6,505 515 452 312 88 863 

TN 6,854 2,665 7,986 5,510 225 920 

VA 17,676 5,607 14,476 9,988 234 3,229 

WV 1,178 78 310 214 8 66 

Aircraft 

(2275) 

Total 78,040 24,332 83,448 57,578 1,940 10,302 

AL 1,195 9,217 917 843 3,337 736 

FL 5,888 44,817 1,936 1,781 6,683 1,409 

GA 1,038 7,874 334 307 1,173 246 

KY 6,607 50,267 2,246 2,066 9,608 1,569 

MS 5,687 43,233 1,903 1,750 7,719 1,351 

NC 599 4,547 193 178 690 142 

SC 1,067 8,100 343 316 1,205 253 

TN 4,129 31,397 1,390 1,278 5,753 980 

VA 1,198 3,426 929 855 3,258 596 

WV 2,094 15,882 668 614 720 497 

Commercial 

Marine 

(2280) 

Total 29,503 218,760 10,858 9,989 40,146 7,779 

Military Marine VA 136 387 28 26 30 59 

(2283) Total 136 387 28 26 30 59 

AL 3,490 26,339 592 533 1,446 1,354 

FL 1,006 9,969 247 222 605 404 

GA 2,654 26,733 664 598 1,622 1,059 

KY 2,166 21,811 542 488 1,321 867 

MS 2,302 23,267 578 520 1,429 899 

NC 1,638 16,502 410 369 1,001 654 

SC 1,160 11,690 291 261 710 462 

TN 4,530 44,793 1,110 999 2,689 1,805 

VA 1,928 19,334 1,407 1,266 3,443 798 

WV 1,105 11,150 277 249 681 436 

Locomotives 

(2285) 

Total 21,980 211,588 6,118 5,505 14,947 8,738 

Grand Total 129,659 455,067 100,452 73,099 57,062 26,877 

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Aircraft do emit PM while operating. However, official EPA inventory procedures for aircraft 

generally do not include PM emission factors and, therefore, aircraft PM is generally erroneously 

reported as zero. In an effort to overcome this deficiency, the developers of the initial VISTAS 

2002 base year aircraft inventory (Pechan) estimated PM emission rates for aircraft using 

estimated NOx emissions and an unreported PM-to-NOx ratio (i.e., PM = NOx times a 

PM-to-NOx ratio). According to the initial 2002 base year inventory documentation, this 

approach was applied only to commercial aircraft NOx, but a review of that inventory indicates 

that the technique was also applied to military, general aviation, and air taxi aircraft in many, but 

not all, instances. Although there is nothing inherently incorrect with this approach, the accuracy 

and inconsistent application of the assumed PM-to-NOx ratio results in grossly overestimated 

aircraft PM. 

Through examination of the initial 2002 base year aircraft inventory (prepared by E.H. Pechan 

and Associates, Inc.), it is apparent that the commercial aircraft PM-to-NOx ratio used to 

generate PM emission estimates was approximately equal to 3.95 (i.e., PM = NOx times 3.95). 

While the majority of observed commercial aircraft PM-to-NOx ratios in that inventory are equal 

to 3.95, a few range as low as 3.00. If all aircraft estimates are included (i.e., commercial plus 

military, general aviation, and air taxi), observed PM-to-NOx ratios range from 0 to 123.0, and 

average 3.43 as illustrated in Table 1.3-7 

Table 1.3-7 PM-to-NOx Ratios by Aircraft Type In Initial 2002 Base Year Inventory. 

Aircraft Type Average 

PM-to-NOx

Range of 

PM-to-NOx

Average 

PM2.5 / PM10

Range of 

PM2.5 / PM10

Undefined (1) 0.046 0-0.062 0.690 0.690-0.690 

Military 0.073 0-92.3 0.688 0.333-1.000 

Commercial 3.953 3.00-3.953 0.690 0.667-0.696 

General Aviation 2.059 0-9.00 0.689 0.500-1.000 

Air Taxi 2.734 0-123.0 0.690 0.500-1.000 

Aggregate 3.427 0-123.0 0.690 0.333-1.000 

Note: (1) Two counties report aircraft emissions as SCC 2275000000 “all aircraft.” 

As indicated, the aggregate PM-to-NOx ratio is similar in magnitude to the ratio for commercial 

aircraft. This results from the dominant nature of commercial aircraft NOx emissions relative to 

NOx from other aircraft types. It is surmised that ratios that deviate from 3.95 are based on PM 

emission estimates generated by local planners, which were retained without change in the PM 

estimation process (although a considerable number of unexplained “zero PM” records also exist 

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in the initial 2002 base year inventory dataset). Regardless, based on previous statistical analyses 

performed in support of aircraft emissions inventory development outside the VISTAS region, a 

PM-to-NOx ratio of 3.95 is too large by over an order of magnitude. 

In analyses performed for the Tucson, Arizona planning area, PM-to-NOx ratios for aircraft over 

a standard aircraft landing and takeoff (LTO) cycle are shown in Table 1.3-8. Data for this table 

is taken from “Emissions Inventories for the Tucson Air Planning Area, Volume I., Study 

Description and Results,” prepared for the Pima Association of Governments, Tucson, AZ, 

November 2001. Pages 4-40 through 4-42 of that report, which document the statistical 

derivation of these ratios, are included in this report as Appendix E. 

Table 1.3-8. Tucson, AZ PM-to-NOx Ratios by Aircraft Type. 

Aircraft Type PM-to-NOx

Commercial Aircraft 0.26 

Military Aircraft 0.88 

Air Taxi Aircraft 0.50 

General Aviation Aircraft 1.90 

Note: 

The PM and NOx emission estimates presented in the Tucson study are for local aircraft operating mode times. 

For this work, emission estimates for Tucson were recalculated for a standard LTO cycle, so that the ratios 

presented are applicable to the standard LTO cycle and not a Tucson-specific cycle. Thus, the ratios presented 

herein vary somewhat from those associated with the emission estimates presented in the Tucson study report. 

In reviewing these data, it should be considered that they apply to a standard (i.e., EPA-defined) 

commercial aircraft LTO cycle.2

 Aircraft PM-to-NOx ratios vary with operating mode, so that 

aircraft at airports with mode times that differ from the standard cycle will exhibit varying ratios. 

However, conducting an airport-specific analysis for all airports in the VISTAS region was 

beyond the scope of this work. While local PM-to-NOx ratios could vary somewhat from the 

indicated standard cycle ratios, any error due to this variation will be significantly less than the 

order of magnitude error associated with the 3.95 commercial aircraft ratio used for the initial 

2002 base year inventory. 

It should be recognized that while the Tucson area is far removed from the VISTAS region, the 

data analyzed to generate the PM-to-NOx ratios is standard aircraft emission factor data routinely 

 

2 As defined in AP-42, Compilation of Air Pollutant Emission Factors, Volume II, Mobile Sources, a standard 

commercial aircraft LTO cycle consists of 4 minutes of approach time, 26 minutes of taxi (7 minutes in plus 19 

minutes out), 0.7 minutes of takeoff, and 2.2 minutes of climbout time (approach and climbout times being based 

on a 3000 foot mixing height).

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employed for inventory purposes throughout the United States (as encoded in models such as the 

Federal Aviation Administration’s Emissions Data Management Systems [EDMS]). With the 

exception of aircraft operating conditions, there are no inherent geographic implications 

associated with the use of data from the Tucson study. As indicated above, issues associated with 

local operating conditions have been eliminated by recalculating the Tucson study ratios for a 

standard LTO cycle. 

To implement the revised PM-to-NOx ratios in the Base F inventory, all aircraft PM records were 

removed from the initial 2002 base year inventory (prepared by Pechan). This includes records 

for which local planners may have estimated PM emissions. This approach was taken for two 

reasons. First, there is no way to distinguish which records may have been generated by local 

planners. Second, the data available to local planners may be no better than that used to generate 

the presented PM-to-NOx ratio data, so the consistent application of these data to the entire 

VISTAS region was determined to be the most appropriate approach to generating consistent 

inventories throughout the region. In undertaking this removal, it became apparent that there was 

an imbalance in the aircraft NOx and PM records in the initial 2002 base year inventory. Whereas 

there were 1,531 NOx records in the NIF emission data sets for this source category, there were 

only 1,212 PM records. The imbalance was distributed between three States, South Carolina, 

Tennessee, and Virginia as follows: 

Table 1.3-9 Non-Corresponding Aircraft Emissions Records 

 Aircraft NOx records with no corresponding PM record:

Aircraft Type South Carolina Virginia Total 

Military Aircraft 8 100 108 

General Aviation Aircraft 14 94 108 

Air Taxi Aircraft 5 99 104 

Aggregate 27 293 320 

 Aircraft PM records with no corresponding NOx record:

Aircraft Type Tennessee Total 

Air Taxi Aircraft 1 1 

Aggregate 1 1 

The unmatched PM record was for Hamilton County (Chattanooga), Tennessee and when 

removed, was not replaced since there was no corresponding NOx record with which to estimate 

revised PM emissions. It is unclear how this orphaned record originated, but clearly there can be 

no air taxi PM emissions without other combustion-related emissions. Thus, the removal of the 

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PM10 and PM2.5 records for Hamilton County permanently reduced the overall size of the 2002 

initial base year inventory database used as a starting point for Base F by two records. 

Of the 320 unmatched NOx records, 269 were records for which the reported emission rate was 

zero. Therefore, even though associated PM records were missing, the overall inventory was not 

affected. However, the 51 missing records for which NOx emissions were non-zero, did impact 

PM estimates for the overall inventory. 

Replacement PM10 records were calculated for all aircraft NOx records using the PM-to-NOx

ratios presented above. Aircraft type-specific ratios were utilized in all cases, except for two 

counties where aircraft emissions were reported under the generic aircraft SCC 2275000000. For 

these counties (Palm Beach County, Florida and Davidson County, Tennessee), the commercial 

aircraft PM-to-NOx ratio was applied since both contain commercial airports (Palm Beach 

International and Nashville International). 

Replacement aircraft PM2.5 records were also developed. The initial 2002 base year inventory 

assumed that aircraft PM2.5 was 69 percent of aircraft PM10. The origin of this fraction is not 

clear, but it is very low for combustion related PM. The majority of internal combustion engine 

related PM is typically 1 micron or smaller (PM1.0), so that typical internal combustion engine 

PM2.5 fractions approach 100 percent. For example, the EPA NONROAD model assumes 

92 percent for gasoline engine particulate and 97 percent for diesel engine particulate. Based on 

recent correspondence from the EPA, it appears that the agency is preparing to recommend a 

PM2.5 fraction of 98 percent for aircraft. (August 12, 2004 e-mail correspondence from U.S. EPA 

to Gregory Stella of Alpine Geophysics.) This is substantially more consistent with expectations 

based on emissions test data for other internal combustion engine sources and was used as the 

basis for the recalculated aircraft PM2.5 emission estimates in the Base F inventory. 

Although a substantial portion of the initial 2002 base year inventory was ultimately replaced 

with data prepared by State and local planners under CERR requirements in developing the Base 

F inventory, it was necessary to first revise the initial 2002 base year aircraft inventory as 

described so that records extracted from the inventory for areas not supplying CERR data for the 

Base F update would be accurate. Therefore, in no case is the aggregated State data reported for 

the Base F inventory identical to that of the initial 2002 base year inventory. Even areas relying 

on the initial 2002 base year inventory will reflect updates in Base F due to changes in emissions 

of PM10 and PM2.5 from aircraft. 

Table 1.3-10 presents the updated initial 2002 base year inventory estimates. These estimates do 

not reflect any changes related to modifications made to incorporate the CERR data, but instead 

indicate the impacts associated solely with the recalculation of aircraft PM emissions alone to 

apply the more appropriate PM to NOx ratios. Table 1.3-11 presents a summary of the net 

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impacts of these changes, where an over 90 percent reduction in aircraft PM is observed for all 

VISTAS areas except South Carolina and Virginia. The reasons for the lesser changes in these 

two States is that the overall aircraft NOx inventories for both include a large share of military 

aircraft NOx to which no (or very low) particulate estimates were assigned in the initial 2002 

base year inventory. Since these operations are assigned non-zero PM emissions under the 

revised approach, the increase in military aircraft PM offsets a portion of the reduction in 

commercial aircraft PM. In Virginia, zero (or near zero) PM military operations were responsible 

for about 35 percent of total aircraft NOx, while the corresponding fraction in South Carolina was 

almost 70 percent. As indicated, aggregate aircraft, locomotive, and commercial marine vessel 

PM is 70-75 percent lower in the updated 2002 base year inventory. 

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Table 1.3-10. Initial 2002 Base Year Aircraft, Locomotive, and Non-Recreational Marine 

Emissions with Modified Aircraft PM Emission Rates (annual tons)

Source State CO NOx PM10 PM2.5 SO2 VOC 

AL 3,787 175 64 62 17 196 

FL 28,518 11,955 3,193 3,129 1,050 3,703 

GA 3,175 992 269 264 94 353 

KY 2,666 657 179 175 63 263 

MS 1,593 140 44 43 13 96 

NC 6,088 1,548 419 411 148 613 

SC 6,505 515 409 401 88 863 

TN 6,854 2,665 707 692 225 920 

VA 17,676 5,607 2,722 2,667 234 3,229 

WV 1,178 78 25 24 8 66 

Aircraft 

(2275) 

Total 78,040 24,332 8,030 7,870 1,940 10,302 

AL 1,195 9,217 917 843 3,337 736 

FL 5,888 44,817 1,936 1,781 6,683 1,409 

GA 1,038 7,874 334 307 1,173 246 

KY 6,607 50,267 2,246 2,066 9,608 1,569 

MS 5,687 43,233 1,903 1,750 7,719 1,351 

NC 599 4,547 193 178 690 142 

SC 1,067 8,100 343 316 1,205 253 

TN 4,129 31,397 1,390 1,278 5,753 980 

VA 1,198 3,426 929 855 3,258 596 

WV 2,094 15,882 668 614 720 497 

Commercial 

Marine 

(2280) 

Total 29,503 218,760 10,858 9,989 40,146 7,779 

Military Marine VA 136 387 28 26 30 59 

(2283) Total 136 387 28 26 30 59 

AL 3,490 26,339 592 533 1,446 1,354 

FL 1,006 9,969 247 222 605 404 

GA 2,654 26,733 664 598 1,622 1,059 

KY 2,166 21,811 542 488 1,321 867 

MS 2,302 23,267 578 520 1,429 899 

NC 1,638 16,502 410 369 1,001 654 

SC 1,160 11,690 291 261 710 462 

TN 4,530 44,793 1,110 999 2,689 1,805 

VA 1,928 19,334 1,407 1,266 3,443 798 

WV 1,105 11,150 277 249 681 436 

Locomotives 

(2285) 

Total 21,980 211,588 6,118 5,505 14,947 8,738 

Grand Total 129,659 455,067 25,034 23,390 57,062 26,877 

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Table 1.3-11. Change in Initial 2002 Base Year Emissions due to Aircraft PM Emission 

Rate Modifications.

Source State CO NOx PM10 PM2.5 SO2 VOC 

AL 0% 0% -91% -87% 0% 0% 

FL 0% 0% -93% -90% 0% 0% 

GA 0% 0% -93% -90% 0% 0% 

KY 0% 0% -93% -90% 0% 0% 

MS 0% 0% -92% -89% 0% 0% 

NC 0% 0% -93% -90% 0% 0% 

SC 0% 0% -9% +29% 0% 0% 

TN 0% 0% -91% -87% 0% 0% 

VA 0% 0% -81% -73% 0% 0% 

WV 0% 0% -92% -89% 0% 0% 

Aircraft 

(2275) 

Total 0% 0% -90% -86% 0% 0% 

AL 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 

FL 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 

GA 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 

KY 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 

MS 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 

NC 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 

SC 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 

TN 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 

VA 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 

WV 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 

Commercial 

Marine 

(2280) 

Total 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 

Military Marine VA 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 

(2283) Total 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 

AL 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 

FL 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 

GA 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 

KY 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 

MS 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 

NC 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 

SC 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 

TN 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 

VA 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 

WV 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 

Locomotives 

(2285) 

Total 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 

Grand Total 0% 0% -75% -68% 0% 0% 

As indicated above, for the Base F 2002 base year inventory, data for all or portions of seven 

VISTAS States were replaced with corresponding data from recent (as of the fall of 2004) CERR 

submissions for 2002. Before replacing these data, however, an analysis of the CERR data was 

performed to ensure consistency with VISTAS inventory methods. It should perhaps also be 

noted that three of the CERR datasets provided for the Base F 2002 base year inventory 

(specifically those for Tennessee, Virginia, and West Virginia) included both annual and daily 

emissions data. Only the annual data were used. Daily values were removed. 

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Several important observations resulted from this analysis. First, it was clear that all of the 

CERR data continued to rely on the inaccurate aircraft PM estimation approach employed for the 

initial 2002 base year inventory. Therefore, an identical aircraft PM replacement procedure as 

described above for updating the initial 2002 base year inventory was undertaken for CERR 

supplied data. As a result, the CERR data for all VISTAS States has been modified for inclusion 

in the Base F 2002 VISTAS base year inventory due to PM replacement procedures. 

As was the case with the initial VISTAS 2002 base year inventory, there were a substantial 

number of aircraft NOx records without corresponding PM records, so that the number of 

recalculated PM records added to the CERR dataset is greater than the number of PM records 

removed. The aggregated CERR inventory data, reflecting data for all or parts of seven States, 

consisted of 13,656 records, of which 1,211 were aircraft NOx records. However, the number of 

corresponding aircraft PM records was 662 (662 PM10 records and 662 PM2.5 records). This 

imbalance was distributed as follows: 

Table 1.3-12 CERR Aircraft NOx Records with No Corresponding PM Record. 

Aircraft Type Georgia Tennessee Virginia Total 

Military Aircraft 136 136 

Commercial Aircraft 4 136 140 

General Aviation Aircraft 1 136 137 

Air Taxi Aircraft 136 136 

Aggregate 1 4 544 549 

From this tabulation, it is clear that virtually the entire imbalance is associated with the Virginia 

CERR submission, with minor imbalances in Georgia and Tennessee. Of the 549 unmatched 

NOx records, 461 were records for which the reported emission rate was zero. Therefore, even 

though the associated PM records were missing, the overall inventory was not affected. 

However, the 88 missing records for which NOx emissions were non-zero do impact PM 

emission estimates for the overall inventory. 

Replacement aircraft PM records (both PM10 and PM2.5) were generated for the CERR dataset 

using procedures identical to those described above for the updated initial 2002 base 

year inventory. 

Further analysis revealed that the CERR data for Virginia included only VOC, CO, and NOx

emissions for all aircraft, locomotives, and non-recreational marine vessels. Since SO2, PM10, 

and PM2.5 records are included in the 2002 VISTAS inventory, an estimation method was 

developed for these emission species and applied to the Virginia CERR data. For PM, the 

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developed methodology was only employed for locomotive and marine vessel data since aircraft 

PM was estimated using the PM-to-NOx ratio methodology described above. 

Consideration was given to simply adding the Virginia SO2 and non-aircraft PM records from the 

initial 2002 VISTAS inventory dataset, but it is very unlikely that either the source distribution 

or associated emission rates are identical across the CERR and initial VISTAS inventories. This 

was confirmed through a comparative analysis of dataset CO records. Therefore, an estimation 

methodology was developed using Virginia source-specific SO2/CO, PM10/CO, and PM2.5/PM10

ratios from the initial 2002 base year VISTAS inventory. The calculated ratios were then applied 

to the source-specific CERR CO emission estimates to derive associated source-specific SO2, 

PM10, and PM2.5 emissions for the Base F inventory. 

Initially, the development of the emissions ratios from the initial 2002 base year inventory was 

performed at the State (i.e., Virginia), county, and SCC level of detail. However, it readily 

became clear that there were substantial inconsistencies in ratios for identical SCCs across 

counties. For example, in one county, the SO2/CO ratio might be 0.2, while in the next county it 

would be 2.0. Since the sources in question are virtually identical (e.g., diesel locomotives) and 

since the fueling infrastructure for these large non-road equipment sources is regional as opposed 

to local in nature, such variations in emission rates are not realistic. Therefore, a more aggregated 

approach was employed in which SCC-specific emission ratios were developed for the State as a 

whole. Through this approach county-to-county variation in emission ratios is eliminated, but the 

underlying variation in CO emissions does continue to influence the resulting aggregate emission 

estimates. The applied emission ratios are as follows: 

Table 1.3-13 Calculated Emission Ratios for VA.

Source SCC SO2/CO PM10/CO PM2.5/CO PM2.5/PM10

Military Aircraft 2275001000 0.0215 

Commercial Aircraft 2275020000 0.3292 

General Aviation Aircraft 2275050000 0.0002 

Air Taxi Aircraft 2275060000 0.0015 

Emissions estimated using 

PM-to-NOx ratios as 

described previously. 

Aircraft Refueling 2275900000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 

Diesel Commercial Marine 2280002000 0.3697 0.3434 0.3157 0.92 

Residual Commercial Marine 2280003000 0.3697 0.3434 0.3157 0.92 

Diesel Military Marine 2283002000 0.2422 0.2248 0.2068 0.92 

Line Haul Locomotives 2285002005 3.2757 1.2999 1.1696 0.90 

Yard Locomotives 2285002010 2.2908 1.2461 1.1205 0.90 

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It is important to recognize that the inconsistency of emissions ratios across Virginia counties for 

sources of virtually identical design, which utilize a regional rather than local fueling 

infrastructure, has potential implications for other VISTAS States. There is no immediately 

obvious reason to believe that such inconsistencies would be isolated to Virginia. 

One final revision to the CERR dataset was undertaken as part of the Base F effort, and that was 

the removal of two records for unpaved airstrip particulate (SCC 2275085000) in Alabama. 

Otherwise identical records for these emissions were reported both in terms of filterable and 

primary particulate. The filterable particulate records were removed as all other particulate 

emissions in the VISTAS inventories are in terms of primary particulate. It is also perhaps worth 

noting that a series of aircraft refueling records (SCC 2275900000) for Virginia were left in 

place, even through typically such emissions would be reported under SCC 2501080XXX in the 

area source inventory. If additional VISTAS aircraft refueling emissions are reported under SCC 

2501080XXX, then it may be desirable to recode these records. 

Finally, data for areas of the VISTAS region not represented in the CERR dataset were added to 

the CERR data by extracting the appropriate records from the initial 2002 base year inventory 

(with revisions for aircraft PM to NOx ratios). Specifically, records applicable to the States of 

Florida, Kentucky, South Carolina, and the Tennessee counties of Davidson, Hamilton, Knox, 

and Shelby were extracted from the revised initial 2002 inventory and added to the CERR 

dataset to establish the 2002 Base F inventory. 

Following this aggregation, one last dataset revision was implemented to complete the 

development of the 2002 Base F inventory. As indicated in the introduction of this section, the 

initial 2002 base year emission estimates for Miami International Airport were determined to be 

excessive. Although the reason for this inaccuracy was not apparent, revised estimates for 

aircraft emissions in Miami-Dade County were obtained from Florida planners and used to 

overwrite the erroneous estimates. (Aircraft emission estimates were provided in an August 10, 

2004 e-mail transmittal from Bruce Coward of Miami-Dade County to Martin Costello of the 

Florida Department of Environmental Protection.) 

Table 1.3-14 presents a summary of the resulting Base F VISTAS 2002 base year inventory 

estimates for aircraft, locomotives, and non-recreational marine vessels. Table 1.3-15 provides a 

comparison of the Base F 2002 base year inventory estimates to those of the initial 2002 base 

year inventory. As indicated, total emissions for VOC, CO, NOx, and SO2 are generally within 

10 percent, but final PM emissions are reduced by 70-80 percent due to the approximate 90 

percent reductions in aircraft PM estimates. In addition, the significant changes in Georgia 

aircraft emissions are due to the CERR correction of Atlanta Hartsfield International Airport 

emissions, which were significantly underestimated in the initial 2002 base year inventory. The 

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reduction in Florida aircraft emissions due to the correction of Miami International estimates is 

also apparent. 

Lastly, Table 1.3-16 provides a direct comparison of emission estimates from the initial and Base 

F 2002 base year inventories for all 16 VISTAS region airports with estimated annual aircraft 

NOx emissions of 200 tons or greater (as identified at the conclusion of the Base F revisions).3

 

The table entries are sorted in order of decreasing NOx and once again, the dramatic reduction in 

PM emissions is evident. However, in addition, the appropriate reversal of the relationship 

between Atlanta’s Hartsfield and Miami International Airport is also depicted. As a rough 

method of quality assurance, Table 1.3-15 also includes a gross estimate of expected airport NOx

emissions using detailed NOx estimates developed for Tucson International Airport in 

conjunction with the ratio of local to Tucson LTOs. (The Tucson NOx estimates are revised to 

reflect a standard LTO cycle rather than the Tucson-specific LTO cycle. This should provide for 

a more realistic comparison to VISTAS estimates.) This is not meant to serve as anything other 

than a crude indicator of the propriety of the developed VISTAS estimates, and it is clear that the 

range of estimated-to-expected NOx emissions has been substantially narrowed in the Base F 

2002 base year inventory. Whereas estimated-to-expected ratios varied from about 0.2 to over 

3.5 in the initial 2002 base year inventory, the range of variation is tightened on both ends, from 

about 0.5 to 1.75 for the Base F 2002 base year inventory. In effect, all estimates are now within 

a factor of two of the expected estimates, which is quite reasonable given likely variation in local 

and standard LTO cycles and variations in aircraft fleet mix across airports. 

It is perhaps important to note that some shifting in county emissions assignments is evident 

between the initial and Base F 2002 base year aircraft inventories. For example, for the initial 

2002 base year inventory, Atlanta Hartsfield estimates were assigned to Fulton County (FIP 

13121), while they are assigned to Clayton County (FIP 13063) for the Base F 2002 base year 

inventory. Similarly, Dulles International Airport emissions were assigned solely to Fairfax 

County, Virginia (FIP 51059) in the initial 2002 base year inventory, but are split between 

Fairfax and Loudoun County (FIP 51107) for Base F. Such shifts reflect local planner 

decision-making and are not an artifact of the revisions described above. 

 

3 Subsequent revisions performed for Base G result in the addition of the Cincinnati/Northern Kentucky 

International Airport to the group of airports with aircraft operations generating at least 200 tons of NOx. These 

revisions are discussed below, including the addition of an appropriately modified version of the aircraft 

emissions table.

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Table 1.3-14. Base F 2002 Base Year Aircraft, Locomotive, and Non-Recreational Marine 

Emissions (tons/year)

Source State CO NOx PM10 PM2.5 SO2 VOC 

AL 3,787 175 226 87 17 196 

FL 25,431 8,891 2,424 2,375 800 3,658 

GA 6,622 5,372 1,475 1,446 451 443 

KY 2,666 657 179 175 63 263 

MS 1,593 140 44 43 13 96 

NC 6,088 1,548 419 411 148 613 

SC 6,505 515 409 401 88 863 

TN 7,251 2,766 734 719 235 943 

VA 9,763 2,756 1,137 1,115 786 2,529 

WV 1,178 78 25 24 8 66 

Aircraft 

(2275) 

Total 70,884 22,899 7,072 6,797 2,607 9,670 

AL 1,196 9,218 917 844 3,337 737 

FL 5,888 44,817 1,936 1,781 6,683 1,409 

GA 1,038 7,875 334 307 1,173 246 

KY 6,607 50,267 2,246 2,066 9,608 1,569 

MS 5,688 43,233 1,903 1,751 7,719 1,351 

NC 599 4,547 193 178 690 142 

SC 1,067 8,100 343 316 1,205 253 

TN 3,624 27,555 1,217 1,120 4,974 860 

VA 972 2,775 334 307 359 483 

WV 1,528 11,586 487 448 525 362 

Commercial 

Marine 

(2280) 

Total 28,207 209,972 9,911 9,118 36,275 7,413 

Military Marine VA 110 313 25 23 27 48 

(2283) Total 110 313 25 23 27 48 

AL 3,490 26,339 592 533 1,446 1,354 

FL 1,006 9,969 247 222 605 404 

GA 2,725 27,453 682 614 1,667 1,086 

KY 2,166 21,811 542 488 1,321 867 

MS 2,302 23,267 578 520 1,429 899 

NC 1,638 16,502 410 369 1,001 654 

SC 1,160 11,690 291 261 710 462 

TN 2,626 25,627 633 570 1,439 1,041 

VA 1,186 11,882 1,529 1,375 3,641 492 

WV 1,311 13,224 329 296 808 517 

Locomotives 

(2285) 

Total 19,611 187,764 5,833 5,248 14,066 7,777 

Grand Total 118,812 420,948 22,841 21,186 52,976 24,908 

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Table 1.3-15. Change in 2002 Emissions, Base F Inventory Relative to Initial Inventory

Source State CO NOx PM10 PM2.5 SO2 VOC 

AL 0% 0% -67% -82% 0% 0% 

FL -11% -26% -95% -93% -24% -1% 

GA +109% +442% -62% -47% +379% +26% 

KY 0% 0% -93% -90% 0% 0% 

MS 0% 0% -92% -89% 0% 0% 

NC 0% 0% -93% -90% 0% 0% 

SC 0% 0% -9% +29% 0% 0% 

TN +6% +4% -91% -87% +4% +2% 

VA -45% -51% -92% -89% +236% -22% 

WV 0% 0% -92% -89% 0% 0% 

Aircraft 

(2275) 

Total -9% -6% -92% -88% +34% -6% 

AL +0% +0% +0% +0% +0% +0% 

FL 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 

GA +0% +0% +0% +0% +0% +0% 

KY 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 

MS +0% +0% +0% +0% +0% +0% 

NC +0% +0% +0% +0% +0% +0% 

SC 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 

TN -12% -12% -12% -12% -14% -12% 

VA -19% -19% -64% -64% -89% -19% 

WV -27% -27% -27% -27% -27% -27% 

Commercial 

Marine 

(2280) 

Total -4% -4% -9% -9% -10% -5% 

Military Marine VA -19% -19% -12% -12% -12% -19% 

(2283) Total -19% -19% -12% -12% -12% -19% 

AL 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 

FL 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 

GA +3% +3% +3% +3% +3% +3% 

KY 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 

MS 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 

NC 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 

SC 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 

TN -42% -43% -43% -43% -46% -42% 

VA -38% -39% +9% +9% +6% -38% 

WV +19% +19% +19% +19% +19% +19% 

Locomotives 

(2285) 

Total -11% -11% -5% -5% -6% -11% 

Grand Total -8% -7% -77% -71% -7% -7% 

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Table 1.3-16. Base F Comparison of Aircraft Emissions 

(Airports with Aircraft NOx > 200 tons per year)

Airport FIP CO NOx PM10 PM2.5 SO2 VOC Approx. 

LTOs 

Predicted 

NOx

VISTAS

to 

Predicted 

Initial 2002 Base Year Inventory 

Miami 12086 9,757 5,997 23,706 16,357 525 1,641 150,000 1,680 3.57 

Orlando 12095 3,456 2,170 8,578 5,919 204 642 150,000 1,680 1.29 

Memphis 47157 3,462 1,934 7,645 5,275 185 603 125,000 1,400 1.38 

Reagan 51013 3,892 1,806 7,138 4,925 164 302 100,000 1,120 1.61 

Hampton 51650 2,690 1,705 0 0 0 611 Military 

Dulles 51059 2,032 1,330 5,246 3,620 0 272 75,000 840 1.58 

Orlando-Sanford 12117 3,615 1,225 4,837 3,337 100 351 

Atlanta 13121 1,457 913 3,608 2,490 86 274 420,000 4,704 0.19 

Fort Lauderdale 12011 1,930 809 3,196 2,206 75 257 75,000 840 0.96 

Charlotte 37119 1,643 788 3,113 2,148 75 255 150,000 1,680 0.47 

Tampa 12057 1,399 785 3,101 2,140 74 240 75,000 840 0.93 

Nashville 47037 1,819 653 40 28 33 239 60,000 672 0.97 

Raleigh 37183 1,584 592 2,338 1,613 56 204 75,000 840 0.70 

Louisville 21111 1,073 468 1,851 1,277 45 155 60,000 672 0.70 

Jacksonville 12031 871 325 1,284 886 31 112 30,000 336 0.97 

Palm Beach 12099 1,156 226 0 0 1 132 30,000 336 0.67 

Aggregate 41,836 21,724 75,682 52,220 1,655 6,290 0.19-3.57 

Base F 2002 Base Year Inventory 

Atlanta 13063 4,121 5,288 1,435 1,406 443 337 420,000 4,704 1.12 

Miami 12086 6,670 2,933 805 789 274 1,596 150,000 1,680 1.75 

Orlando 12095 3,456 2,170 568 556 204 642 150,000 1,680 1.29 

Memphis 47157 3,462 1,934 506 495 185 603 125,000 1,400 1.38 

Orlando-Sanford 12117 3,615 1,225 338 332 100 351 

Fort Lauderdale 12011 1,930 809 217 212 75 257 75,000 840 0.96 

Charlotte 37119 1,643 788 206 202 75 255 150,000 1,680 0.47 

Tampa 12057 1,399 785 206 202 74 240 75,000 840 0.93 

Nashville 47037 1,819 653 170 166 33 239 60,000 672 0.97 

Reagan 51013 1,269 635 171 168 193 97 100,000 1,120 0.57 

Dulles 1 51107 1,807 595 164 161 252 153 37,500 420 1.42 

Raleigh 37183 1,584 592 156 153 56 204 75,000 840 0.70 

Dulles 2 51059 1,095 591 156 153 252 115 37,500 420 1.41 

Hampton 51650 858 535 471 461 18 305 Military 

Louisville 21111 1,073 468 123 121 45 155 60,000 672 0.70 

Jacksonville 12031 871 325 87 85 31 112 30,000 336 0.97 

Palm Beach 12099 1,156 226 59 58 1 132 30,000 336 0.67 

Aggregate 37,829 20,550 5,838 5,721 2,312 5,793 0.47-1.75 

Net Change -10% -5% -92% -89% +40% -8% 

Note: For the Base F inventory, Dulles International Airport emissions are split between two Virginia counties. 

 Predicted NOx is based on the ratio of airport LTOs to test airport (Tucson International Airport) LTOs and NOx. This is not a rigorous 

comparison, but rather an approximate indicator of expected magnitude. 

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Base G Revisions: 

Further revisions to the 2002 base year emissions inventory were implemented in response to 

additional state data submittals in the spring of 2006. The inventories developed through the 

Base F revision process (as described above) served as the starting point for the 2006 revisions. 

Thus, unless otherwise indicated below, all documented Base F revisions continue to apply to the 

Base G-revised 2002 base year inventory. 

As part of the Base G review and update process, Virginia regulators provided 443 updated 

emission records for aircraft. These records reflected revisions to aircraft VOC, CO, and NOx, 

and in a few cases SO2, emissions records that were already in the Base F VISTAS 2002 

inventory (as opposed to the addition of previously unreported data). The specific revisions 

broke down as follows: 

Table 1.3-17 Base G VA Aircraft Records Updates 

Aircraft Type VOC CO NOx SO2 Total 

Military Aircraft 9 9 9 1 28 

Commercial Aircraft 12 12 12 17 53 

General Aviation Aircraft 65 66 66 0 197 

Air Taxi Aircraft 56 56 53 0 165 

Aggregate 142 143 140 18 443 

Emissions values for each of the 443 records in the Base F 2002 VISTAS inventory were 

updated for Base G to reflect the revised data. However, as described above for the Base F 

revisions, all aircraft SO2, PM10, and PM2.5 emissions in Virginia are estimated on the basis of 

CO (in the case of SO2) and NOx emissions (in the cases of PM10 and PM2.5). Therefore, since 

Virginia regulators did not provide updated SO2 emissions for all updated CO emissions records, 

or updated PM10 or PM2.5 emissions for all updated NOx emissions records, it was necessary to 

re-estimate aircraft SO2, PM10, and PM2.5 emissions in all cases where updated CO or NOx

emissions were provided for Base G (and explicit SO2 and/or PM10 and PM2.5 emissions 

were not). 

The procedure used to estimate the SO2, PM10, and PM2.5 emissions revisions was identical to 

that described above for the Base F inventory revisions, except that revised SO2-to-CO emissions 

ratios were calculated for commercial aircraft, where 12 pairs of revised CO and SO2 emissions 

estimates were available. Although a single pair of revised CO and SO2 emissions records was 

available for military aircraft, this was deemed an insufficient sample with which to replace the 

military aircraft SO2-to-CO emissions ratios previously calculated in Base F. However, it is 

worth noting that the SO2-to-CO emissions ratio for the revised military aircraft emissions pair 

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was within 16 percent of the previously calculated ratio, so any error associated with retention of 

the Base F ratio will be minor. Table 1.3-18 presents the emissions ratios. 

Table 1.3-18 Calculated Base G Emission Ratios for VA.

Source SCC 

SO2/CO 

(fall 2004) 

SO2/CO 

(spring 2006)

SO2/CO 

(used in 2006) PM10/NOx PM2.5/PM10

Military Aircraft 2275001000 0.0215 0.0180 0.0215 0.88 0.98 

Commercial Aircraft 2275020000 0.3292 0.0696 0.0696 0.26 0.98 

General Aviation Aircraft 2275050000 0.00016 n/a 0.00016 1.9 0.98 

Air Taxi Aircraft 2275060000 0.0015 n/a 0.0015 0.5 0.98 

Application of the SO2-to-CO emissions ratios to the 130 revised aircraft CO records, for which 

no corresponding SO2 emission revisions were provided, resulted in an additional 130 aircraft 

SO2 emission records updates for Virginia. Similarly, application of the PM10-to-NOx emissions 

ratios to the 140 revised aircraft NOx records for which no corresponding PM10 emission 

revisions were provided, resulted in an additional 140 aircraft PM10 emission records updates for 

Virginia. Application of the PM2.5-to-PM10 emissions ratios to the 140 revised aircraft PM10

records resulted in an additional 140 aircraft PM2.5 emission records updates for Virginia. Thus, 

in total, 853 (443+130+140+140) Virginia aircraft emissions records were updated for Base G. 

Also as part of the Base G review and update process, Alabama regulators provided 178 updated 

PM emission records for aircraft (89 records for PM10 and 89 records for PM2.5), 42 additional 

emissions records for locomotives (14 records for VOC, 14 records for CO, and 14 records for 

NOx), and 179 additional emission records for aircraft (30 records for VOC, 30 records for CO, 

30 records for NOx, 29 records for SO2, 30 records for PM10, and 30 records for PM2.5). After 

review, it was determined that the 178 updated PM emission records for aircraft actually 

reflected the original (overestimated) aircraft PM data that was replaced universally throughout 

the VISTAS region for Base F. Implementing these latest revisions would, in effect, “undo” the 

Base F aircraft PM revisions. Following discussions with Alabama regulators, it was determined 

that the 178 aircraft PM records would not be updated for the Base G revisions. 

The 42 additional emissions records for locomotives were determined to correspond exactly to 

existing SO2, PM10, and PM2.5 emissions records already in the Base F VISTAS 2002 inventory. 

It is not clear why these existing records contained no corresponding data for VOC, CO, and 

NOx, but those data are now reflected through the additional 42 records that have now been 

added to the Base G 2002 VISTAS inventory for Alabama. 

After examining the 179 additional aircraft emissions records in conjunction with Alabama 

regulators, it was determined that 17 of the records (commercial aircraft records in Dale, 

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Limestone, and Talladega counties) were erroneous and should be excluded from the update. The 

remaining 162 records reflected additional general aviation, air taxi, and military aircraft activity 

in 20 counties and were specifically comprised of 27 records each for VOC, CO, NOx, SO2, 

PM10, and PM2.5. There were no further issues with the VOC, CO, NOx, and SO2 records and 

these were added to the Base G 2002 VISTAS inventory without change. It was, however, 

apparent that the PM10 and PM2.5 records reflected an overestimation of aircraft PM similar to 

that which was previously corrected throughout the VISTAS region for Base F (as documented 

above). To overcome this overestimation, the additional aircraft PM10 and PM2.5 records 

provided by Alabama regulators were replaced with revised emission estimates developed on the 

basis of the PM10-to-NOx and PM2.5-to-PM10 ratios documented under the Base F revisions 

above. So although 27 aircraft PM10 records and 27 aircraft PM2.5 records were added to the 

2002 Alabama inventory, they reflected different emissions values than those provided directly 

by Alabama regulators. 

In total, 204 additional emissions records (42 for locomotives and 162 for aircraft) were added to 

the Base G 2002 Alabama inventory. 

Finally, as part of the Base G review and update process, Kentucky regulators provided 12 

updated aircraft emission records for Boone County, to correct previously underestimated 

aircraft emissions associated with the Cincinnati/Northern Kentucky International Airport. VOC, 

CO, and NOx emissions data were provided for military, commercial, general aviation, and air 

taxi aircraft. No associated updates for SO2, PM10, or PM2.5 emissions were provided. 

Corresponding PM10 emission estimates were developed by applying the PM10-to-NOx ratios 

presented in Table 1.3-17 above to the updated NOx emission estimates. PM2.5 emission 

estimates were developed by applying the PM2.5-to-PM10 ratios from that same table to the 

estimated PM10 emissions. SO2 emission estimates were developed by applying the SO2-to-PM10

ratios developed from the older data (i.e., the data being replaced) for Boone County aircraft to 

the updated PM10 emissions. Thus, a total of 24 inventory records for Kentucky were updated 

(VOC, CO, NOx, SO2, PM10, and PM2.5 for four aircraft types). 

Upon implementation of the universe of updates, 877 existing emission records were revised 

(853 in Virginia and 24 in Kentucky) and 204 additional emission records (all in Alabama) were 

added to the 2002 VISTAS inventory. The total number of aircraft, locomotive, and commercial 

marine inventory records thus changed from 22,838 records in Base F to 23,042 records in 

Base G. 

Table 1.3-19 presents a summary of the resulting Base G VISTAS 2002 base year inventory 

estimates for aircraft, locomotives, and non-recreational marine vessels. Table 1.3-20 provides a 

comparison of the Base G 2002 base year inventory estimates to those of the Base F 2002 base 

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year inventory. As indicated, total emissions for VOC, CO, NOx, and SO2 are generally within 

about 5 percent, with changes restricted to the states of Alabama, Kentucky, and Virginia. 

Lastly, Table 1.3-21 provides an updated comparison of emission estimates from the Base F and 

Base G 2002 base year inventories for all 17 VISTAS region airports with estimated annual 

aircraft NOx emissions of 200 tons or greater. As compared to Table 1.3-16, the table reflects the 

Base G addition of the Cincinnati/Northern Kentucky International Airport. Aircraft emission 

estimates for the other 16 airports are unchanged from their Base F values. 

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Table 1.3-19. Base G-Revised 2002 Base Year Aircraft, Locomotive, and Non-Recreational 

Marine Emissions (tons/year)

Source State CO NOx PM10 PM2.5 SO2 VOC 

AL 5,595 185 238 99 18 276 

FL 25,431 8,891 2,424 2,375 800 3,658 

GA 6,620 5,372 1,475 1,446 451 443 

KY 5,577 925 251 246 88 397 

MS 1,593 140 44 43 13 96 

NC 6,088 1,548 419 411 148 613 

SC 6,505 515 409 401 88 863 

TN 7,251 2,766 734 719 235 943 

VA 11,873 3,885 2,010 1,970 272 2,825 

WV 1,178 78 25 24 8 66 

Aircraft 

(2275) 

Total 77,712 24,305 8,029 7,734 2,121 10,179 

AL 1,196 9,218 917 844 3,337 737 

FL 5,888 44,817 1,936 1,781 6,683 1,409 

GA 1,038 7,875 334 307 1,173 246 

KY 6,607 50,267 2,246 2,066 9,608 1,569 

MS 5,688 43,233 1,903 1,751 7,719 1,351 

NC 599 4,547 193 178 690 142 

SC 1,067 8,100 343 316 1,205 253 

TN 3,624 27,555 1,217 1,120 4,974 860 

VA 972 2,775 334 307 359 483 

WV 1,528 11,586 487 448 525 362 

Commercial 

Marine 

(2280) 

Total 28,207 209,972 9,911 9,118 36,275 7,413 

Military Marine VA 110 313 25 23 27 48 

(2283) Total 110 313 25 23 27 48 

AL 3,518 26,623 592 533 1,446 1,365 

FL 1,006 9,969 247 222 605 404 

GA 2,654 26,733 664 598 1,622 1,059 

KY 2,166 21,811 542 488 1,321 867 

MS 2,302 23,267 578 520 1,429 899 

NC 1,638 16,502 410 369 1,001 654 

SC 1,160 11,690 291 261 710 462 

TN 2,626 25,627 633 570 1,439 1,041 

VA 1,186 11,882 1,529 1,375 3,641 492 

WV 1,311 13,224 329 296 808 517 

Locomotives 

(2285) 

Total 19,568 187,328 5,815 5,232 14,022 7,761 

Grand Total 125,597 421,918 23,780 22,107 52,444 25,401 

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Table 1.3-20. Change in 2002 Emissions, Base G Inventory 

Relative to Base F Inventory

Source State CO NOx PM10 PM2.5 SO2 VOC 

AL +48% +6% +5% +14% +7% +41% 

FL 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 

GA 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 

KY +109% +41% +40% +40% +41% +51% 

MS 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 

NC 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 

SC 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 

TN 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 

VA +22% +41% +77% +77% -65% +12% 

WV 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 

Aircraft 

(2275) 

Total +10% +6% +14% +14% -19% +5% 

AL 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 

FL 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 

GA 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 

KY 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 

MS 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 

NC 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 

SC 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 

TN 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 

VA 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 

WV 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 

Commercial 

Marine 

(2280) 

Total 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 

Military Marine VA 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 

(2283) Total 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 

AL +1% +1% 0% 0% 0% +1% 

FL 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 

GA 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 

KY 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 

MS 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 

NC 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 

SC 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 

TN 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 

VA 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 

WV 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 

Locomotives 

(2285) 

Total +0% +0% 0% 0% 0% +0% 

Grand Total +6% +0% +4% +4% -1% +2% 

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Table 1.3-21. Base G Comparison of Aircraft Emissions 

(Airports with Aircraft NOx > 200 tons per year)

Airport FIP CO NOx PM10 PM2.5 SO2 VOC Approx. 

LTOs 

Predicted 

NOx

VISTAS

to 

Predicted 

Base F 2002 Base Year Inventory 

Atlanta 13063 4,121 5,288 1,435 1,406 443 337 420,000 4,704 1.12 

Miami 12086 6,670 2,933 805 789 274 1,596 150,000 1,680 1.75 

Orlando 12095 3,456 2,170 568 556 204 642 150,000 1,680 1.29 

Memphis 47157 3,462 1,934 506 495 185 603 125,000 1,400 1.38 

Orlando-Sanford 12117 3,615 1,225 338 332 100 351 

Fort Lauderdale 12011 1,930 809 217 212 75 257 75,000 840 0.96 

Charlotte 37119 1,643 788 206 202 75 255 150,000 1,680 0.47 

Tampa 12057 1,399 785 206 202 74 240 75,000 840 0.93 

Nashville 47037 1,819 653 170 166 33 239 60,000 672 0.97 

Reagan 51013 1,269 635 171 168 193 97 100,000 1,120 0.57 

Dulles 1 51107 1,807 595 164 161 252 153 37,500 420 1.42 

Raleigh 37183 1,584 592 156 153 56 204 75,000 840 0.70 

Dulles 2 51059 1,095 591 156 153 252 115 37,500 420 1.41 

Hampton 51650 858 535 471 461 18 305 Military 

Louisville 21111 1,073 468 123 121 45 155 60,000 672 0.70 

Jacksonville 12031 871 325 87 85 31 112 30,000 336 0.97 

Palm Beach 12099 1,156 226 59 58 1 132 30,000 336 0.67 

Cincinnati 21015 467 144 38 37 14 54 50,000 560 0.26 

Aggregate 38,296 20,694 5,876 5,758 2,326 5,847 0.26-1.75 

Base G 2002 Base Year Inventory 

Atlanta 13063 4,121 5,288 1,435 1,406 443 337 420,000 4,704 1.12 

Miami 12086 6,670 2,933 805 789 274 1,596 150,000 1,680 1.75 

Orlando 12095 3,456 2,170 568 556 204 642 150,000 1,680 1.29 

Memphis 47157 3,462 1,934 506 495 185 603 125,000 1,400 1.38 

Orlando-Sanford 12117 3,615 1,225 338 332 100 351 

Fort Lauderdale 12011 1,930 809 217 212 75 257 75,000 840 0.96 

Charlotte 37119 1,643 788 206 202 75 255 150,000 1,680 0.47 

Tampa 12057 1,399 785 206 202 74 240 75,000 840 0.93 

Nashville 47037 1,819 653 170 166 33 239 60,000 672 0.97 

Reagan 51013 1,269 635 171 168 193 97 100,000 1,120 0.57 

Dulles 1 51107 1,807 595 164 161 252 153 37,500 420 1.42 

Raleigh 37183 1,584 592 156 153 56 204 75,000 840 0.70 

Dulles 2 51059 1,095 591 156 153 252 115 37,500 420 1.41 

Hampton 51650 858 535 471 461 18 305 Military 

Louisville 21111 1,073 468 123 121 45 155 60,000 672 0.70 

Cincinnati 21015 3,378 411 110 107 39 187 50,000 560 0.73 

Jacksonville 12031 871 325 87 85 31 112 30,000 336 0.97 

Palm Beach 12099 1,156 226 59 58 1 132 30,000 336 0.67 

Aggregate 41,207 20,961 5,947 5,828 2,352 5,981 0.47-1.75 

Net Change +8% +1% +1% +1% +1% +2% 

Note: For the revised inventory, Dulles International Airport emissions are split between two Virginia counties. 

 Predicted NOx is based on the ratio of airport LTOs to test airport (Tucson International Airport) LTOs and NOx. This is not a rigorous 

comparison, but rather an approximate indicator of expected magnitude. 

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1.3.2.3 Emissions from NONROAD Model Sources in Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio 

As part of the Base G update process, VISTAS requested that emissions estimates for 2002 be 

produced for the states of Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio. These estimates were to be produced at the 

same spatial (i.e., county level by SCC) and temporal resolution as estimates for the 

VISTAS region. 

The requested estimates were produced by extracting a complete set of county-level input data 

applicable to each of the three states from the latest version of the EPA’s NMIM (National 

Mobile Inventory Model) model. This included appropriate consideration of all non-default 

NMIM input files generated by the Midwest Regional Planning Organization (MRPO), as 

described below. These input data were then assembled into appropriate input files for the Final 

NONROAD2005 model and emission estimates were produced using the same procedure 

employed for the VISTAS region as part of the Base G updates. 

A complete set of monthly input data was developed for each county in Illinois, Indiana, and 

Ohio by extracting data from the following NMIM database files (using the NMIM MySQL 

query browser): 

county, countrynrfile, countyyear, countyyearmonth, countyyearmonthhour, 

gasoline, diesel, and natural gas 

The database files: 

countrynrfile, countyyear, countyyearmonth, and gasoline 

were non-default database files provided to VISTAS by the MRPO, and are intended to reflect 

the latest planning data being used by MRPO modelers. 

From these files, monthly data for gasoline vapor pressure, gasoline oxygen content, gasoline 

sulfur content, diesel sulfur content for land-based equipment, diesel sulfur content for 

marine-based equipment, natural gas sulfur content, minimum daily temperature, maximum daily 

temperature, and average daily temperature were developed. In addition, the altitude and Stage II 

refueling control status of each county, as well as the identity of the associated equipment 

population, activity, growth, allocation, and seasonal distribution files, was determined. These 

data were then assembled into Final NONROAD2005 input files on a seasonal basis, with 

monthly data being arithmetically averaged to produce seasonal equivalents as follows: 

Winter = Average of December, January, and February 

Spring = Average of March, April, and May 

Summer = Average of June, July, and August, 

Fall = Average of September, October, and November 

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Unlike the VISTAS Base G approach, this approach results in the use of the following 

non-default data files during the Final NONROAD2005 modeling process: 

Table 1.3-22 Non-Default Files Used for MRPO Modeling 

Data File Illinois Indiana Ohio 

Activity File 1700002.act 1800002.act 3900002.act 

Growth File 17000.grw 18000.grw 39000.grw 

Population File 17000.pop 18000.pop 39000.pop 

Season File 17000.sea 18000.sea 39000.sea 

Inboard Marine 

Allocation File 17000wib.alo 18000wib.alo 39000wib.alo 

Outboard Marine 

Allocation File 17000wob.alo 18000wob.alo 39000wob.alo 

Specific Fuel 

Consumption 

MRPO-specific file provided by MRPO modelers (arbitrarily 

named “mrpoBSFC.emf” for this work) 

One compromise was made relative to the level of resolution that is available through the basic 

approach described above, that being the treatment of ambient temperature data. Because NMIM 

offers a unique temperature profile for every U.S. county -- developed by aggregating 

temperature data from included and surrounding weather stations on the basis of their distances 

from the county population centroid -- it is not possible to explicitly group counties with 

otherwise identical input streams. Ungrouped however, there would be 1,128 distinct input 

streams to be processed (102 Illinois counties plus 92 Indiana counties plus 88 Ohio counties at 

four seasons each), or over five times the number of files processed for the entire 

VISTAS region. 

To surmount this problem and allow counties with similar temperature profiles to be grouped an 

approach was employed wherein counties were considered groupable if all temperature inputs4

are within ± 2 oF of the corresponding group average. This criterion is quite stringent in that it 

results in less tolerant grouping than that employed for VISTAS modeling, which uses 

temperature data from the nearest meteorological station as opposed to "unique" meteorological 

 

4

 Non-road temperature inputs used for county grouping are: winter minimum, spring minimum, summer minimum, 

fall minimum, winter maximum, spring maximum, summer maximum, fall maximum, winter average, spring 

average, summer average, and fall average.

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data for each county. Under this approach, the actual deviation for grouped counties is much less 

that ± 2 oF for the overwhelming majority of the 12 grouped temperature inputs. 

In addition to the required temperature consistency, all other input data for counties to be 

grouped had to be identical for all four seasons. Using this criterion, Illinois emissions were 

modeled using 12 county groups, Indiana emissions were modeled using 9 county groups, and 

Ohio emissions were modeled using 10 county groups. Thus, 31 iterations of NONROAD2002 

were required per season, as compared to the 53 iterations per season required for the 

VISTAS region. 

It should be noted that a potential quality assurance issue was noted in assembling the 

NONROAD2005 input data for a number of Indiana counties. Specifically, the gasoline vapor 

pressure for most Indiana counties reflects a value of 9.0 psi in all spring, summer, fall, and 

winter months. This is likely to indicate a problem with the accuracy of the NMIM databases for 

these counties, but these data were used as defined for this work. 

1.3.3 Quality Assurance steps 

Throughout the inventory development process, quality assurance steps were performed to 

ensure that no double counting of emissions occurred, and to ensure that a full and complete 

inventory was developed for VISTAS. Quality assurance was an important component to the 

inventory development process and MACTEC performed the following QA steps on the area 

source component of the 2002 base year revised: 

1. All CERR and NIF format State supplied data submittals were run through EPA’s 

Format and Content checking software. 

2. SCC level emission summaries were prepared and evaluated to ensure that emissions 

were consistent and that there were no missing sources. 

3. Tier comparisons (by pollutant) were developed between the revised 2002 base year 

inventory and the initial base year inventory. 

4. Data product summaries were provided to both the VISTAS Emission Inventory 

Technical Advisor and to Mobile Source SIWG representatives for review and 

comment. Changes based on these comments were implemented in the files. 

5. Version numbering was used for all inventory files developed. The version 

numbering process used a decimal system to track major and minor changes. For 

example, a major change would result in a version going from 1.0 to 2.0. A minor 

change would cause a version number to go from 1.0 to 1.1. Minor changes resulting 

from largely editorial changes would result in a change from 1.00 to 1.01. 

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2.0 Projection Inventory Development 

2.1 Point Sources 

We used different approaches for different sectors of the point source inventory: 

• For the EGUs, VISTAS relied primarily on the Integrated Planning Model® (IPM®) to 

project future generation as well as to calculate the impact of future emission control 

programs. The IPM results were adjusted based on S/L agency knowledge of planned 

emission controls at specific EGUs. 

• For non-EGUs, we used recently updated growth and control data consistent with the data 

used in EPA’s CAIR analyses, and supplemented these data with available S/L agency 

input and updated fuel use forecast data for the U.S. Department of Energy. 

For both sectors, we generated 2009 and 2018 inventories for a combined on-the-books (OTB) 

and on-the-way (OTW) control scenario. The OTB/OTW control scenario accounts for post2002 emission reductions from promulgated and proposed federal, State, local, and site-specific 

control programs as of July 1, 2004. Section 2.1.1 discusses the EGU projection inventory 

development, while Section 2.1.2 discusses the non-EGU projection inventory development. 

2.1.1 EGU Emission Projections 

The following subsections discuss the following specific aspects of the development of the EGU 

projections. First, we present a chronology of the EGU development process and discuss key 

decisions in selecting the final methods for performing the emissions projections. Next, we 

describe the development of the final set of IPM runs that are included in the VISTAS Base G 

inventory. Next, we describe the process of transforming the IPM parsed files into NIF format. 

Fourth, we discuss the process for ensuring that units accounted for in IPM were not doublecounted in the non-EGU inventory. Fifth, we describe the QA/QC checks that were made to 

ensure that the IPM results were properly incorporated into the VISTAS inventory. Sixth, we 

document the changes to the IPM results that S/L agencies specified they wanted included in the 

VISTAS inventory based on new information that was not accounted for in the IPM runs. 

Finally, we present summarize the Base G projected EGU emissions by year, state, and pollutant. 

2.1.1.1 Chronology of the Development of EGU Projections 

At the beginning of the EGU inventory development process, VISTAS considered three options 

for developing the VISTAS 2009 and 2018 projection inventories for EGUs: 

• Option 1 – Use the results of IPM modeling conducted in support of the proposed Clean 

Air Interstate Rule (CAIR) base and control case analyses as the starting point and refine 

the projections with readily available inputs from stakeholders; these IPM runs were 

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conducted for 2010 and 2015, which VISTAS would use to represent projected emissions 

in 2009 and 2018 respectively. 

• Option 2 – Use the VISTAS 2002 typical year as the starting point, apply growth factors 

from the Energy Information Administration, and refine future emission rates with 

stakeholder input regarding utilization rates, capacity, retirements, and new unit 

information. 

• Option 3 – Use the results of a new round of IPM modeling sponsored by VISTAS and 

the Midwest Regional Planning Organization (MRPO). These runs incorporated VISTAS 

specific unit and regulation modified parameters, and generate results for 2009 and 2018 

explicitly. 

An additional consideration for each of the three options was the inclusion of emission 

projections developed by the Southern Company specifically for their units. Southern Company 

is a super-regional company which owns EGUs in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, and Mississippi 

and participates in VISTAS as an industry stakeholder. Southern Company used their energy 

budget forecast to project net generation and heat input for every existing and future Southern 

Company EGU for the years 2009 and 2018. Further documentation of how Southern Company 

generated the 2009/2018 inventory for their units can be found in Developing Southern Company 

Emissions and Flue Gas Characteristics for VISTAS Regional Haze Modeling (April 2005, 

presented at 14th International Emission Inventory Conference). 

Each of these three options and the Southern Company projections were discussed in a series of 

conference calls with the VISTAS EGU Special Interest Work Group (SIWG) during the fall of 

2004. During a conference call on December 6, 2004, the VISTAS EGU SIWG approved the use 

of the latest VISTAS/MRPO sponsored IPM runs (Option 3) to represent the 2009 and 2018 

EGU forecasts of emissions for the OTB and OTW cases. During the call, Alabama and Georgia 

specified that they did not wish to use Southern Company provided emissions forecasts of 2009 

and 2018 to represent the sources in their States. Mississippi decided to utilize the Southern 

Company projections to represent activity at Southern Company facilities in Mississippi. After 

the call, Florida decided against using Southern Company provided emissions forecasts of 2009 

and 2018 to represent the sources in their State. Thus, Southern Company data was used only for 

Southern Company units in Mississippi for both the Base F and Base G projections. 

The Option 3 IPM modeling resulted from a joint agreement by VISTAS and MRPO to work 

together to develop future year utility emissions based on IPM modeling. The decision to use 

IPM modeling was based in part on a study of utility forecast methods by E.H. Pechan and 

Associates, Inc. (Pechan) for MRPO, which recommended IPM as a viable methodology (see 

Electricity Generating Unit {EGU} Growth Modeling Method Task 2 Evaluation, February 11, 

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2004). Although IPM results were available from EPA’s modeling to support their rulemaking 

for the Clean Air Interstate Rule (CAIR), VISTAS stakeholders felt that certain model inputs 

needed to be improved. Thus, VISTAS and MRPO decided to hire contractors to conduct new 

IPM modeling and to post-process the IPM results. Southern Company projections in 2009 were 

roughly comparable with IPM. For 2018, Southern Company projections were generally less 

than IPM because of assumptions made by Southern Company on which units would be 

economical to control and incorrect data in the NEEDS database which feeds IPM. 

In August 2004, VISTAS contracted with ICF International, Inc., to run IPM to provide utility 

forecasts for 2009 and 2018 under two future scenarios – Base Case and CAIR Case. The Base 

Case represents the current operation of the power system under currently known laws and 

regulations (as known at the time the run was made), including those that come into force in the 

study horizon. The CAIR Case is the Base Case with the proposed CAIR rule superimposed. The 

run results were parsed at the unit level for the 2009 and 2018 run years. Also in August 2004, 

MRPO contracted with E.H. Pechan to post-process the IPM outputs generated by ICF to provide 

model-ready emission files. The IPM output files were delivered by ICF to VISTAS in 

November (Future Year Electricity Generating Sector Emission Inventory Development Using 

the Integrated Planning Model (IPM®) in Support of Fine Particulate Mass and Visibility 

Modeling in the VISTAS and Midwest RPO Regions, January 2005), and the post-processed data 

files were delivered by Pechan to the MRPO in December 2004 (LADCO IPM Model Parsed 

File Post-Processing Methodology and File Preparation, February 8, 2005). 

On March 10, 2005, EPA issued the final Clean Air Interstate Rule. VISTAS and MRPO, in 

conjunction with other RPOs, conducted another round of IPM modeling which reflected 

changes to control assumptions based on the final CAIR as well as additional changes to model 

inputs based on S/L agency and stakeholder comments. Several conference calls were conducted 

in the spring of 2005 to discuss and provide comments on IPM assumptions related to six main 

topics: power system operation, generating resources, emission control technologies, set-up 

parameters and rule, financial assumptions, and fuel assumptions. Based on these discussions, 

VISTAS sponsored a new set of IPM runs to reflect the final CAIR requirements as well as 

certain changes to IPM assumptions that were agreed to by the VISTAS states. This set of IPM 

runs is documented in Future Year Electricity Generating Sector Emission Inventory 

Development Using the Integrated Planning Model (IPM®) in Support of Fine Particulate Mass 

and Visibility Modeling in the VISTAS and Midwest RPO Regions, April 2005 (these runs are 

referred to as the VISTAS Phase I analysis). 

Further refinements to the IPM inputs and assumptions were made by the RPOs, and ICF 

performed the following four runs using IPM during the summer of 2005 (these runs are referred 

to as the VISTAS/CENRAP Phase II analysis): 

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 Base Case with EPA 2.1.9 coal, gas and oil price assumptions. 

• Base Case with EPA 2.1.9 coal and gas supply curves adjusted for AEO 2005 reference 

case price and volume relationships. 

• Strategy Case with EPA 2.1.9 coal, gas and oil price assumptions. 

• Strategy Case with EPA 2.1.9 coal and gas supply curves adjusted for AEO 2005 

reference case price and volume relationships. 

The above runs were parsed for 2009 and 2018 run years. The above four runs were based on 

VISTAS Phase I and the EPA 2.1.9 assumptions. The changes that were implemented in the 

above four runs are summarized below: 

• Unadjusted AEO 2005 electricity demand projections were incorporated in the above 

four runs. 

• The gas supply curves were adjusted for AEO 2005 reference case price and volume 

relationships. The EPA 2.1.9 gas supply curves were scaled such that IPM will solve for 

AEO 2005 gas prices when the power sector gas demand in IPM is consistent with AEO 

2005 power sector gas demand projections. 

• The coal supply curves used in EPA 2.1.9 were scaled in such a manner that the average 

mine mouth coal prices that the IPM is solving in aggregated coal supply regions are 

comparable to AEO 2005. Due to the fact that the coal grades and supply regions 

between AEO 2005 and the EPA 2.1.9 are not directly comparable, this was an 

approximate approach and had to be performed in an iterative fashion. The coal 

transportation matrix was not updated with EIA assumptions due to significant 

differences between the EPA 2.1.9 and EIA AEO 2005 coal supply and coal demand 

region configurations. 

• The cost and performance of new units were updated to AEO 2005 reference case levels 

in all of the above four funs. 

• The run years 2008, 2009, 2012, 2015, 2018, 2020 and 2026 were modeled. 

• The AEO 2005 life extension costs for fossil and nuclear units were incorporated in the 

above runs. 

• The extensive NEEDS comments provided by VISTAS, MRPO, CENRAP and MANEVU were incorporated into the VISTAS Phase I NEEDS. 

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• MANE-VU’s comments in regards to the state regulations in the northeast were 

incorporated. 

• Renewable Portfolio Standards (RPS) in the northeast was modeled based on the 

Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative analysis. A single RPS cap was modeled for MA, RI, 

NY, NJ, MD and CT. These states could buy credits from NY, PJM and New England 

model regions. 

• The investments required under the Illinois power, Mirant and First Energy NSR 

settlements were incorporated in the above runs. 

For the VISTAS/CENRAP Phase II set of IPM runs, ICF generated two different parsed files. 

One file includes all fuel burning units (fossil, biomass, landfill gas) as well as non-fuel burning 

units (hydro, wind, etc.). The second file contains just the fossil-fuel burning units (e.g., 

emissions from biomass and landfill gas are omitted). The RPOs decided to use the fossil-only 

file for modeling to be consistent with EPA, since EPA used the fossil only results for CAIR 

analyses. For the 10 VISTAS states, non-fossil fuels accounted for only 0.13 percent of the NOx 

emissions and 0.04 percent of the SO2 emissions in the 2009 IPM runs. 

S/L agencies reviewed the results of the VISTAS/CENRAP Phase II set of IPM runs, which were 

incorporated into the VISTAS Base F inventory. S/L agencies primarily reviewed and 

commented on the IPM results with respect to IPM decisions on NOx post-combustion controls 

and SO2 scrubbers. S/L agencies provided the latest information on when and where new SO2

and NOx controls are planned to come online. S/L agencies also reviewed the IPM results to 

verify that existing controls and emission rates were properly reflected in the IPM runs. As 

directed by the S/L agencies, adjustments to the IPM results were made to specific units with any 

new information they had as part of the permitting process or other contact with the industry that 

indicates which units will install controls as a result of CAIR and when these new controls will 

come on-line. Mississippi decided to continue to use the Southern Company projections instead 

of the IPM projections to represent emissions at Southern Company facilities in Mississippi. The 

state-specified changes to the VISTAS/CENRAP Phase II set of IPM runs were used to create 

the Base G projection inventory (and are documented later in Section 2.1.1.6). 

2.1.1.2 VISTAS IPM runs for EGU sources 

The following general summary of the VISTAS IPM® modeling is based on ICF’s 

documentation Future Year Electricity Generating Sector Emission Inventory Development 

Using the IPM® in Support of Fine Particulate Mass and Visibility Modeling in the VISTAS and 

Midwest RPO Regions, April 2005. The ICF documentation is to be used as an extension to 

EPA's proposed CAIR modeling runs documented in Documentation Supplement for EPA 

Modeling Applications (V.2.1.6) Using the IPM, EPA 430/R-03-007, July 2003. 

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IPM provides “forecasts of least-cost capacity expansion, electricity dispatch, and emission 

control strategies for meeting energy demand and environmental, transmission, dispatch, and 

reliability constraints.” The underlying database in this modeling is U.S. EPA’s National 

Electric Energy Data System (NEEDS) released with the CAIR Notice of Data Availability 

(NODA). The NEEDS database contains the existing and planned/committed unit data in EPA 

modeling applications of IPM. NEEDS includes basic geographic, operating, air emissions, and 

other data on these generating units. VISTAS States and stakeholders provided changes for: 

• NOx post-combustion control on existing units 

• SO2 scrubbers on existing units 

• SO2 emission limitations 

• PM controls on existing units 

• Summer net dependable capacity 

• Heat rate for existing units 

• SO2 and NOx control plans based on State rules or enforcement settlements 

The years 2009 and 2018 were explicitly modeled. 

2.1.1.3 Post-Processing of IPM Parsed Files 

The following summary of the VISTAS/Midwest Regional Planning Organization (MRPO) IPM 

modeling is based on Pechan’s documentation LADCO IPM Model Parsed File Post-Processing 

Methodology and File Preparation, February 8, 2005. The essence of the IPM model postprocessing methodology is to take an initial IPM model output file and transform it into air 

quality model input files. ICF via VISTAS/MRPO provides an initial spreadsheet file containing 

unit-level records of both 

(1) “existing” units and 

(2) committed or new generic aggregates. 

All records have unit and fuel type data; existing, retrofit (for SO2 and NOx), and separate NOx

control information; annual SO2 and NOx emissions and heat input; summer season (MaySeptember) NOx and heat input; July day NOx and heat input; coal heat input by coal type; 

nameplate capacity megawatt (MW), and State FIPS code. Existing units also have county FIPS 

code, a unique plant identifier (ORISPL) and unit ID (also called boiler ID) (BLRID); generic 

units do not have these data. The processing includes estimating various types of emissions and 

adding in control efficiencies, stack parameters, latitude-longitude coordinates, and State 

identifiers (plant ID, point ID, stack ID, process ID). Additionally, the generic units are sited in a 

county and given appropriate IDs. This processing is described in more detail below. 

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The data are prepared by transforming the generic aggregates into units similar to the existing 

units in terms of the available data. The generic aggregates are split into smaller generic units 

based on their unit types and capacity, are provided a dummy ORIS unique plant and boiler ID, 

and are given a county FIPS code based on an algorithm that sites each generic by assigning a 

sister plant that is in a county based on its attainment/nonattainment status. Within a State, plants 

(in county then ORIS plant code order) in attainment counties are used first as sister sites to 

generic units, followed by plants in PM nonattainment counties, followed by plants in 8-hour 

ozone nonattainment counties. Note that no LADCO or VISTAS States provided blackout 

counties that would not be considered when siting generics, so this process is identical to the one 

used for EPA IPM post-processing. 

SCCs were assigned for all units; unit/fuel/firing/bottom type data were used for existing units’ 

assignments, while only unit and fuel type were used for generic units’ assignments. Latitudelongitude coordinates were assigned, first using the EPA-provided data files, secondly using the 

September 17, 2004 Pechan in-house latitude-longitude file, and lastly using county centroids. 

These data were only used when the data were not provided in the 2002 NIF files. Stack 

parameters were attached, first using the EPA-provided data files, secondly using a March 9, 

2004 Pechan in-house stack parameter file based on previous EIA-767 data, and lastly using an 

EPA June 2003 SCC-based default stack parameter file. These data were only used when the 

data were not provided in the 2002 NIF files. 

Additional data were required for estimating VOC, CO, filterable primary PM10 and PM2.5, PM 

condensable, and NH3 emissions for all units. Thus, ash and sulfur contents were assigned by 

first using 2002 EIA-767 values for existing units or SCC-based defaults; filterable PM10 and 

PM2.5 efficiencies were obtained from the 2002 EGU NEI that were based on 2002 EIA-767 

control data and the PM Calculator program (a default of 99.2 percent is used for coal units if 

necessary); fuel use was back calculated from the given heat input and a default SCC-based heat 

content; and emission factors were obtained from an EPA-approved October 7, 2004 Pechan 

emission factor file based on AP-42 emission factors. Note that this updated file is not the one 

used for estimating emissions for previous EPA post-processed IPM files. Emissions for 28 

temporal-pollutant combinations were estimated since there are seven pollutants (VOC, CO, 

primary PM10 and PM2.5, NH3, SO2 and NOx) and four temporal periods (annual, summer season, 

winter season, July day). 

The next step was to match the IPM unit IDs with the identifiers in VISTAS 2002 inventory. A 

crosswalk file was used to obtain FIPS State and county, plant ID (within State and county), and 

point ID. If the FIPS State and county, plant ID and point ID are in the 2002 VISTAS NIF tables, 

then the process ID and stack ID are obtained from the NIF; otherwise, defaults, described 

above, were used. 

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Pechan provided the post-processed files in NIF 3.0 format. Two sets of tables were developed : 

“NIF files” for IPM units that have a crosswalk match and are in the 2002 VISTAS inventory, 

and “NoNIF files” for IPM units that are not in the 2002 VISTAS inventory (which includes 

existing units with or without a crosswalk match as well as generic units). 

For Base F and Base G projections, VISTAS reviewed the PM and NH3 emissions from EGUs as 

provided by Pechan and identified significantly higher emissions in 2009/2018 than in 2002. 

VISTAS determined that Pechan used a set of PM and NH3 emission factors that are “the most 

recent EPA approved uncontrolled emission factors” for estimating 2009/2018 emissions. These 

factors are most likely not the same emission factors used by States for estimating these 

emissions in 2002 for EGUs in the VISTAS domain. Thus, the emission increase from 2002 to 

2009/2018 was simply an artifact of the change in emission factor, not anything to do with 

changes in activity or control technology application. Also, VISTAS identified an inconsistent 

use of SCCs for determining emission factors between the base and future years. 

VISTAS resolution of the PM and NH3 problem is fully documented in EGU Emission Factors 

and Emission Factor Assignment, memorandum from Greg Stella to VISTAS State Point Source 

Contacts and VISTAS EGU Special Interest Workgroup, June 13, 2005. The first step was the 

adjustment of the 2002 base year emissions inventory. Using the latest “EPA-approved” 

uncontrolled emission factors by SCC, Alpine Geophysics utilized CERR or VISTAS reported 

annual heat input, fuel throughput, heat, ash and sulfur content to estimate annual uncontrolled 

emissions for units identified as output by IPM. This step was conducted for non-CEM pollutants 

(CO, VOC, PM, and NH3) only. For PM emissions, the condensable component of emissions 

was calculated and added to the resulting PM primary estimations. The resulting emissions were 

then adjusted by any control efficiency factors reported in the CERR or VISTAS data collection 

effort. The second adjustment was to the future year inventories. Alpine Geophysics updated the 

SCCs in the future year inventory to assign the same base year SCC. Using the same methods as 

described for the 2002 revisions, those non-IPM generated pollutants were estimated using IPM 

predicted fuel characteristics and base year 2002 SCC assignments. 

2.1.1.4 Eliminating Double Counting of EGU Units 

The following procedures were used to avoid double counting of EGU emissions in the 

2009/2018 point source inventory. The 2002 VISTAS point source emission inventory contains 

both EGUs and non-EGUs. Since this file contains both EGUs and non-EGU point sources, and 

EGU emissions are projected using the IPM, it was necessary to split the 2002 point source file 

into two components. The first component contains those emission units accounted for in the 

IPM forecasts. The second component contains all other point sources not accounted for in IPM. 

As described in the previous section, Pechan developed 2009/2018 NIF files for EGUs from the 

IPM parsed files. All IPM matched units were initially removed from the 2009/2018 point source 

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inventory to create the non-EGU inventory (which was projected to 2009/2018 using the nonEGU growth and control factors described in Section 2.1.2). This was done on a unit-by-unit 

basis based on a cross-reference table that matches IPM emission unit identifiers (ORISPL plant 

code and BLRID emission unit code) to VISTAS NIF emission unit identifiers (FIPSST state 

code, FIPSCNTY county code, State Plant ID, State Point ID). When there was a match between 

the IPM ORISPL/BLRID and the VISTAS emission unit ID, the unit was assigned to the EGU 

inventory; all other emission units were assigned to the non-EGU inventory. 

If an emission unit was contained in the NIF files created by Pechan from the IPM output, the 

corresponding unit was removed from the initial 2009/2018 point source inventory. The NIF 

2009/2018 EGU files from the IPM parsed files were then merged with the non-EGU 2009/2018 

files to create the 2009/2018 Base F point source files. 

Next, we prepared several ad-hoc QA/QC queries to verify that there was no double-counting of 

emissions in the EGU and non-EGU inventories: 

• We reviewed the IPM parsed files {VISTASII_PC_1f_AllUnits_2009 (To Client).xls and 

VISTASII_PC_1f_AllUnits_2018 (To Client).xls} to identify EGUs accounted for in 

IPM. We compared this list of emission units to the non-EGU inventory derived from the 

VISTAS cross-reference table to verify that units accounted for in IPM were not doublecounted in the non-EGU inventory. As a result of this comparison, we made a few 

adjustments in the cross-reference table to add emission units for four plants to ensure 

these units accounted for in IPM were moved to the EGU inventory. 

• We reviewed the non-EGU inventory to identify remaining emission units with an 

Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) code of “4911 Electrical Services” or Source 

Classification Code of “1-01-xxx-xx External Combustion Boiler, Electric Generation”. 

We compared the list of sources meeting these selection criteria to the IPM parsed file to 

ensure that these units were not double-counted. 

S/L agencies also reviewed the 2009/2018 point source inventory to verify whether there was 

any double counting of EGU emissions. In two instances, S/L agencies provided corrections 

where an emission unit was double counted. 

2.1.1.5 Quality Assurance steps 

Quality assurance was an important component to the inventory development process and 

MACTEC performed the following QA steps on the EGU component of the VISTAS revised 

2009/2018 EGU inventory: 

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1. Provided parsed files (i.e., Excel spreadsheets that provide unit-level results derived from 

the model plant projections obtained by the IPM) to the VISTAS EGU SIWG for review 

and comment. 

2. Provided facility level emission summaries for 2009/2018 for both the base case and 

CAIR case to the VISTAS EGU SIWG to ensure that emissions were consistent and that 

there were no missing sources. 

3. Compared, at the State-level, emissions from the IPM parsed files and the post-processed 

NIF files to verify that the post-processed NIF files were consistent with the IPM parsed 

file results. 

VISTAS requested S/L review of these files – the changes specified by states as a result of this 

review are documented in the following subsection. 

2.1.1.6 S/L Adjustments to IPM Modeling Results for Base G Projections 

After S/L agency review of the final set of IPM runs (as incorporated into the Base F inventory), 

S/L agencies specified a number of changes to the IPM results to better reflect current 

information on when and where future controls would occur. These changes to the IPM results 

primarily involved S/L agency addition or subtraction future emission controls based on the best 

available data from state rules, enforcement agreements, compliance plans, permits, and 

discussions/commitments from individual companies. 

For example, Dominion Virginia Power released their company-wide plan to reduce emission to 

meet the requirements of CAIR and other programs. This plan varies substantially from the IPM 

results both in terms current and future controls and timing of these controls. As a result, VA 

DEQ developed their best estimates of future controls on EGUs in Virginia. Also, Duke Energy 

and Progress Energy have updated their plans for complying with North Carolina’s Clean 

Smokestack Act. These plans vary substantially from the IPM results both in terms current and 

future controls and timing of these controls. As a result, NC DENR replaced the IPM emission 

projections for 2009 with projections from the Duke Energy and Progress Energy compliance 

plan. NC DENR elected to use the IPM results for 2018. 

Some S/L agencies specified changes to the controls assigned by IPM to reflect their best 

estimates of emission controls. The changes specified by the S/L agencies are summarized in 

Table 2.1-1. These changes involved either 1) adding selective catalytic reduction (SCR) or 

scrubber controls to units where IPM did not predict SCR or scrubber controls, or 2) removing 

IPM-assigned SCR or scrubber controls at units where the S/L agency indicated their were no 

firm plans for controls at those units. We used a scrubber control efficiency of 90 percent when 

adding or removing SO2 scrubber controls. We used a control efficiency of 90 percent when 

adding or removing NOx SCR controls at coal-fired plants, 80 percent when adding or removing 

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NOx SCR controls at gas-fired plants, and 35 percent when adding or removing NOx

SNCR controls. 

In addition to the changes to the IPM-assigned controls, the S/L agencies also specified other 

types of changes to the IPM results. These other specific changes to the IPM results are 

summarized in Table 2.1-2. 

S/L agencies provided information and/or comment on changes in stack parameters from the 

2002 inventory for 2009/2018 inventory. Changes to stack parameters were also made in cases 

where new controls are scheduled to be installed. In cases where an emission unit projected to 

have a SO2 scrubber in either 2009 or 2018, some states were able to provide revised stack 

parameters for some units based on design features for the new control system. Other units 

projected to install scrubbers by 2009 or 2018 are not far enough along in the design process to 

have specific design details. For those units, the VISTAS EGU SIWG made the following 

assumptions: 1) the scrubber is a wet scrubber; 2) keep the current stack height the same; 3) keep 

the current flow rate the same, and 4) change the stack exit temperature to 169 degrees F (this is 

the virtual temperature derived from a wet temperature of 130 degrees F). VISTAS determined 

that exit temperature (wet) of 130 degrees F +/- 5 degrees F is representative of different size 

units and wet scrubber technology. 

2.1.1.7 Summary of Base F and Base G 2009/2018 EGU Point Source Inventories 

Tables 2.1-3 through 2.1-9 compare the Base G 2002 base year inventory to the Base F4 and 

Base G 2009/2018 projection inventories. The Base F4 projections rely primarily on the results 

of the IPM, while the Base G projections include the adjustments to the IPM results specified by 

the S/L agencies in the previous section. 

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Table 2.1-1 Adjustments to IPM Control Determinations Specified by S/L Agencies for the Base G 2009/2018 EGU Inventories. 

NOx Emission Controls SO2 Emission Controls 

State Plant Name and ID Unit 2009 2018 2009 2018 

IPM State IPM State IPM State IPM State 

AL James H. Miller 

ORISID=6002 

1 & 2 SCR 

during ozone season 

SCR probable year round due to CAIR 

SCR during ozone season 

SCR probable year round due to CAIR 

None None None Scrubber 

3 & 4 SCR 

during ozone season 

SCR year round from Consent Decree 

SCR during ozone season 

SCR year round from Consent Decree 

None None None Scrubber 

 Barry 1, 2, 3 None SNCR SCR SNCR None None None None  ORISID=3 4 None SNCR SCR SNCR None None Scrubber Scrubber 

5 None None SCR SCR None None Scrubber Scrubber 

 E C Gaston 1 - 4 SCR None SCR None None None Scrubber Scrubber  ORISID=26 5 SCR SCR SCR SCR Scrubber None Scrubber Scrubber  Gorgas 6 & 7 None None None None None None None None  ORISID=8 8 & 9 None None None None None Scrubber None Scrubber 

10 SCR SCR SCR SCR None Scrubber Scrubber Scrubber 

 Charles R. Lowman 1 None None None None None Scrubber None Scrubber  ORISID=56 2 & 3 SCR SCR SCR SCR Scrubber Scrubber Scrubber Scrubber 

GA Bowen 1BLR SCR SCR SCR SCR None Scrubber Scrubber 

 ORISID=703 2BLR SCR SCR SCR SCR None Scrubber Scrubber 

3BLR SCR SCR SCR SCR Scrubber Scrubber Scrubber 

4BLR SCR SCR SCR SCR 

IPM had retrofit scrubbers but little emission reductions 

Scrubber Scrubber Scrubber 

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Table 2.1-1 (continued) 

NOx Emission Controls SO2 Emission Controls 

State Plant Name and ID Unit 2009 2018 2009 2018 

IPM State IPM State IPM State IPM State 

GA Wansley 1 SCR SCR SCR SCR Scrubber Scrubber Scrubber 

 ORISID=6052 2 SCR SCR SCR SCR 

IPM had retrofit scrubbers but little emission reductions 

None Scrubber Scrubber 

 Kraft 1, 2 None None None None None None None None  ORISID=733 3 None None SCR None None None None None  McIntosh 

ORISID=6124 

1 None None SCR None None None None None 

 Yates 1 None None None None Scrubber Scrubber Scrubber Scrubber  ORISID=728 2, 3 None None None None None None None None 

4 – 7 None None SCR SCR None None Scrubber None 

 Hammond 1 None None SCR SCR None Scrubber Scrubber Scrubber  ORISID=708 2 None None SCR SCR None Scrubber Scrubber Scrubber 

3 None None SCR SCR None Scrubber Scrubber Scrubber 

4 SCR SCR SCR SCR Scrubber Scrubber Scrubber Scrubber 

KY Ghent 1 None SCR SCR SCR Scrubber Scrubber Scrubber Scrubber 

 ORISID=1356 2 None None SCR SCR None Scrubber Scrubber Scrubber 

3, 4 None SCR SCR SCR None Scrubber Scrubber Scrubber 

 Coleman C1 None None SCR SCR None Scrubber Scrubber Scrubber  ORISID=1381 C2 None None SCR SCR None Scrubber Scrubber Scrubber 

C3 None None SCR SCR None Scrubber Scrubber Scrubber 

 HMP&L Station 2 H1 SCR SCR SCR SCR Scrubber Scrubber Scrubber Scrubber 

H2 None SCR SCR SCR Scrubber Scrubber Scrubber Scrubber 

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Table 2.1-1 (continued) 

NOx Emission Controls SO2 Emission Controls 

State Plant Name and ID Unit 2009 2018 2009 2018 

IPM State IPM State IPM State IPM State 

KY E W Brown 1 None None None None None Scrubber None Scrubber 

 ORISID=1355 2 None None SCR SCR None Scrubber Scrubber Scrubber 

3 None None SCR SCR None Scrubber Scrubber Scrubber 

SC Jeffries 3 SCR None SCR None None None None None 

 ORISID=3319 4 None None None None None None None None  Wateree WAT1 SCR SCR SCR SCR None Scrubber None Scrubber  ORISID=3297 WAT2 SCR SCR SCR SCR None Scrubber Scrubber Scrubber  Canadys CAN1 None None None None None None None None  ORISID=3280 CAN2 None None None None None None None None 

CAN3 None None None None None Scrubber None Scrubber 

 Rainey CT1A None SCR None SCR None None None None  ORISID=7834 CT1B None SCR None SCR None None None None 

TN Kingston 1 – 8 SCR SCR SCR SCR None None Scrubber Scrubber 

 ORISID=3407 9 None SCR SCR SCR None None Scrubber Scrubber  Johnsonville 1 – 10 SCR None SCR SCR None None None None  ORISID=3406 

WV Willow Island 2 SCR None SCR SCR Scrubber None Scrubber Scrubber 

 ORISID=3946  Kammer 1 -3 SCR None SCR SCR Scrubber None Scrubber Scrubber  ORISID=3947 

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Table 2.1-2. Other Adjustments to IPM Results Specified by S/L Agencies for the Base G 

2009/2018 EGU Inventories. 

State Plant Name and ID Unit Nature of Update/Correction 

FL Central Power and Lime 

ORISID= 10333 

GEN1 Central Power and Lime (ORIS10333) is a duplicate entry. 

This is point 18 in Florida Crushed Stone (12-053-0530021). 

Removed IPM emissions for Central Power and Lime. 

 Cedar Bay Generating 

ORISID=10672 

GEN1 FLDEP disagrees with IPM projections - no knowledge of 

expansion of this facility and the cogeneration facility 

should not grow faster than the underlying industry. Cedar 

Bay is connected to Stone Container (12-031-0310067). 

Replaced IPM emissions with 2002 emissions for Cedar Bay 

(12-031-0310337) times the growth factors for Stone 

Container. 

 Indiantown Cogeneration 

ORISID=50976 

GEN1 FLDEP disagrees with IPM projections - no knowledge of 

expansion of this facility and the cogeneration facility 

should not grow faster than the underlying industry. 

Indiantown is connected to Louis Dreyfus Citrus (12-085-

0850002). Replaced IPM emissions with 2002 emissions for 

Indiantown (12-085-0850102) times the growth factors for 

Louis Drefus Citrus. 

GA Bowen 

ORISID=703 

1BLR 

2BLR 

3BLR 

4BLR 

IPM indicated retrofit scrubbers on all 4 units in 2009, but 

the IPM emissions showed little reductions from 2002 

levels. Changed emissions to reflect scrubbers on 3BLR and 

4BLR by 2009. 

 Wansley 

ORISID=6052 

1, 2 IPM indicated retrofit scrubbers on both units in 2009, but 

the IPM emissions showed little reductions from 2002 

levels. Changed emissions to reflect one scrubber on Unit 1 

by 2009. 

 Riverside 

ORISID=734 

4 All of plant Riverside was retired from service June 1, 2005; 

emissions set to zero in 2009 and 2018. 

 McIntosh 

ORISID=727 

CT10A 

CT10B 

CT11A 

CT11B 

The McIntosh Combined Cycle facility became commercial 

June 1, 2005. Added 346 tons of NOx and 121 tons of SO2

per unit to the 2009 and 2018 inventories. 

 Longleaf Energy Station 1, 2 Longleaf Energy Station is being proposed by LS Power 

Development, Inc. GA specified that the emissions from this 

proposed plant be included in the 2018 projections. Boilers 1 

and 2 added 1,882 tons of NOx and 3,227 tons of SO2 per 

unit to the 2018 inventory. 

 Duke Murray (55382) 1 Corrected coordinates to 34.7189 and -84.9353 

MS R D Morrow 

ORISID=6061 

1, 2 Revised the 2018 emissions to reflect controls not indicated 

by IPM. The SO2 emissions are much lower than IPM, but 

their expected NOx emissions are actually higher than IPM. 

The controls will be coming online 2009 or 2010, so the 

2009 inventory did not change. 

 Jack Watson (2049) 

Victor J Daniel (6073) 

Chevron Oil (2047) 

All MS DEQ specified that the emission projections provided by 

the Southern Company for their units in Mississippi were to 

be used instead of the IPM results. 

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Table 2.1-2 (continued) 

State Plant Name and ID Unit Nature of Update/Correction 

NC G G Allen (2718) 

Belews Creek (8042)1 

Buck (2720) 

Cliffside (2721) 

Dan River (2723) 

Marshall (2727) 

Riverbend (2732) 

All Replaced all IPM 2009 results with emission projections 

from Duke Power’s NC Clean Air Compliance Plan for 

2006. Used IPM results for 2018 

 Asheville (2706) 

Cape Fear (2708) 

Lee (2709) 

Mayo (6250) 

Roxboro (2712) 

Sutton (2713) 

Weatherspoon (2716) 

All Replaced all IPM 2009 results with emission projections 

from Progress Energy’s NC Clean Smokestacks Act 

Calendar Year 2005 Progress Report. Used IPM results for 

2018 

 Dwayne Collier Battle 

Cogeneration Facility 

ORISID=10384 

GEN1 

GEN2 

Dwayne Collier Battle is a duplicate entry. This is Cogentrix 

of Rocky Mount (37-065-3706500146, stacks G-26 and G27). Duplicate entries were removed both the 2009 and 2018 

inventories. 

 Kannapolis Energy 

Partners 

ORISID=10626 

GEN2 

GEN3 

Kannapolis Energy emissions are being used as credits for 

another facility. IPM emissions from this facility (37-025-

ORIS10626) were removed from the EGU inventory for 

2009 and 2018. Emissions from Kannapolis Energy (37-025-

3702500113) were carried forward in the 2009/2018 

inventory. 

SC Cross 

ORISID=130 

1, 2 Unit 1: upgrade scrubber from 82 percent to 95 percent 

removal efficiency by June 30, 2006. Recalculate emissions 

based on upgrade in control efficiency. 

Unit 2: upgrade scrubber from 70 percent to 87 percent 

removal efficiency by June 30, 2006. Recalculate emissions 

based on upgrade in control efficiency. 

 Winyah 

ORISID=6249 

1 – 4 Unit 1: Install scrubber that meets 95 percent removal 

efficiency by Dec. 31, 2008; Upgrade ESP from 0.38 to 0.03 

lb/mmBTU by Dec. 31, 2008 

Unit 2: Replace scrubber with one that meets 95 percent 

removal efficiency from 45 percent by Dec. 31, 2008; 

Upgrade ESP from 0.10 to 0.03 lb/mmBTU by Dec. 31, 

2008 

Unit 3: Upgrade scrubber from 70 percent to 90 percent 

removal efficiency by Dec. 31, 2012; Upgrade ESP from 

0.10 to 0.03 lb/mmBTU by Dec. 31, 2012 

Unit 4: Upgrade scrubber from 70 percent to 90 percent 

removal efficiency by Dec. 31, 2007; Upgrade ESP from 

0.10 to 0.03 lb/mmBTU by Dec. 31, 2007 

Recalculated SO2 and PM emissions based on upgrade in 

control efficiencies. 

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Table 2.1-2 (continued) 

State Plant Name and ID Unit Nature of Update/Correction 

SC Dolphus Grainger 

ORISID=3317 

1, 2 Unit 1: Upgrade ESP from 0.60 to 0.03 lb/mmBTU by Dec. 

31, 2012. Reduced PM10 and PM25 emissions in 2018 by 95 

percent based on change in allowable emission rate 

Unit 2: Install low NOx burners that meet 0.46 lb/mmBTU 

from 0.9 by May 1, 2004. Recalculated NOx emissions using 

0.46/lbs/mmBtu and IPM heat input 

Unit 2: Upgrade ESP from 0.60 to 0.03 lb/mmBTU by Dec. 

31, 2012. Reduced PM10 and PM25 emissions in 2018 by 95 

percent based on change in allowable emission rate 

SC Jeffries 

ORISID=3319 

3, 4 Unit 3: Upgrade ESP from 0.54 to 0.03 lb/mmBTU by Dec. 

31, 2012. Reduced PM10 and PM25 emissions in 2018 by 

94.44 percent based on change in allowable emission rate 

Unit 4: Upgrade ESP from 0.54 to 0.03 lb/mmBTU by Dec. 

31, 2012. Reduced PM10 and PM25 emissions in 2018 by 

94.44 percent based on change in allowable emission rate 

 W S Lee 

ORISID=3264 

1, 2 IPM does not indicate that these units are installing SOFA 

NOx control technology by April 30, 2006 to meet 0.27 

lb/mmBTU, down from 0.45 lb/mmBtu. Calculated NOx

emissions using IPM heat input and 0.27 lbs/mmBtu 

 Generic Unit 

ORISID=900545 

All All predictions for generic units appear reasonable with the 

exception of Plant ID ORIS900545 Point ID GSC45 which 

was modeled in Georgetown County. It will be very difficult 

to add new generation this close to the Cape Romain Class I 

area. Santee Cooper has no plans for future generation in 

Georgetown County, but does have plans for new future 

generation in Florence County. This unit was moved to 

coordinates specified in Florence County. 

VA AEP Clinch River 

ORISID=3775 

1, 2, 3 Used IPM results for 2009; replaced all 2018 IPM results 

with VADEQ’s growth and control estimates (no SCR or 

scrubbers). 

 AEP Glen Lyn 

ORISID=3776 

51, 52, 

6 

Used 2009/2018 IPM results for units 51 and 52; used 2009 

IPM for unit 6; replaced 2018 IPM for unit 6 with VADEQ’s 

growth and control estimates (nor SCR or scrubber). 

 Dominion Clover 

ORISID=7213 

1, 2 Used 2009/2018 IPM results. 

 Dominion Bremo 

ORISID=3796 

3, 4 Used 2009/2018 IPM results. 

 Dominion Chesterfield 

ORISID=3797 

3, 4, 

5, 6 

Replaced all 2009/2018 IPM results using VADEQ’s growth 

and control estimates. 

 Dominion Yorktown 

ORISID=3809 

1, 2, 3 Units 1, 2: Used 2009/2018 IPM results for NOx and used 

VADEQ’s growth and control estimates for SO2. 

Unit 3: IPM predicts zero heat input for this 880 MW #6 oil 

fired unit. Dominion plans to continue to operate Unit 3. 

Replaced all 2009/2018 IPM results using VADEQ’s growth 

and control estimates. 

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Table 2.1-2 (continued) 

State Plant Name and ID Unit Nature of Update/Correction 

VA Dominion Chesapeake 

ORISID=3803 

1 – 4 Unit 1: Used 2009/2018 IPM for NOx; used 2009 IPM for 

SO2; used VADEQ’s growth and control estimates for SO2 

(added scrubber that IPM did not have) 

Unit 2: Used 2009/2018 IPM for NOx; used 2009 IPM for 

SO2; used VADEQ’s growth and control estimates for SO2 

(added scrubber that IPM did not have) 

Unit 3: Used VA DEQ’s growth and control estimates for 

2009 NOx (added SCR that IPM did not have); used IPM 

result for 2018 NOx; Used 2009/2018 IPM for SO2. 

Unit 4: Used VA DEQ’s growth and control estimates for 

2009 NOx (added SCR that IPM did not have); used IPM 

result for 2018 NOx; Used 2009/2018 IPM for SO2. 

 Dominion Possum Point 

ORISID=3804 

3 & 4 

5 

6 

Unit 3&4: IPM had 137 tons of NOx for these units in 2009 

and 111 tons in 2018. VA DEQ specified that the permitted 

emission rates should be used, which equates to 3,066 tons 

in 2009 and 2018. 

Unit 5: IPM had zero heat input. Replaced all 2009/2018 

IPM results using VADEQ’s growth and control estimates. 

Unit 6: Replaced all 2009/2018 IPM results using VADEQ’s 

growth and control estimates. 

 Potomac River 

ORISID=3788 

1 - 5 Units 1&2: IPM retired these units. Mirant has no plans at 

this time to retire any units. Replaced all 2009/2018 IPM 

results using VADEQ’s growth and control estimates. 

Units 3, 4, 5: Replaced all 2009/2018 IPM results using 

VADEQ’s growth and control estimates. 

WV Albright 

ORISID=3942 

1, 2 IPM predicted early retirement for these units. AEP 

indicated there are no plans for early retirement. For 2009, 

used 2002 actual emissions as these units are not likely to 

retire by 2009. For 2018, used IPM prediction of retirement. 

 Rivesville 

ORISID=3945 

7, 8 IPM predicted early retirement for these units. AEP 

indicated there are no plans for early retirement. For 2009, 

used 2002 actual emissions as these units are not likely to 

retire by 2009. For 2018, used IPM prediction of retirement. 

 Willow Island 

ORISID=3946 

1, 2 Unit 1: IPM predicted early retirement for these units. AEP 

indicated there are no plans for early retirement. For 2009, 

used 2002 emissions as these units are not likely to retire by 

2009. For 2018, used IPM prediction of retirement. 

Unit 2: IPM predicted SCR and scrubber for 2009. These 

controls will not be in place by 2009. 

 North Branch Power 

Station 

ORISID=7537 

1A, 1B SO2 Permit Rate was corrected from 2.7 to 0.678 lb/MMBtu. 

Used SO2 Permit Rate of 0.678 lb/MMBtu and IPM 

predicted total fuel used to calculate SO2 emissions in 2009 

and 2018 

 Mt. Storm 

ORISID=3954 

1, 2, 3 SO2 Permit Rate was corrected from 2.7 to 0.15 lb/MMBtu. 

Used SO2 Permit Rate of 0.15 lb/MMBtu and IPM predicted 

total fuel used to calculate SO2 emissions in 2009 and 2018 

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Table 2.1-3 EGU Point Source SO2 Emission Comparison for 2002/2009/2018. 

2002 2009 2018 

State 

2002 

VISTAS 

BaseG 

Base F4 

IPM Based 

Base G 

IPM Based 

with S/L 

Adjustments 

Base F4 

IPM Based 

Base G 

IPM Based 

with S/L 

Adjustments 

AL 447,828 340,194 378,052 190,099 305,262 

FL 453,631 195,790 186,055 141,551 132,177 

GA 514,952 534,469 417,449 180,178 230,856 

KY 484,057 371,944 290,193 229,603 226,062 

MS 67,429 85,629 76,579 27,230 15,146 

NC 477,990 205,018 242,286 110,382 108,492 

SC 206,399 171,206 124,608 121,694 93,274 

TN 334,151 255,400 255,410 112,662 112,672 

VA 241,204 169,714 225,653 90,935 140,233 

WV 516,084 226,127 277,489 124,466 115,324 

Total 3,743,725 2,555,491 2,473,774 1,328,800 1,479,498 

Note: Emission summaries above are based on SCCs 1-01-xxx-xx and 2-01-xxx-xx. 

Table 2.1-4 EGU Point Source NOx Emission Comparison for 2002/2009/2018. 

2002 2009 2018 

State 

2002 

VISTAS 

BaseG 

Base F4 

IPM Based 

Base G 

IPM Based 

with S/L 

Adjustments 

Base F4 

IPM Based 

Base G 

IPM Based 

with S/L 

Adjustments 

AL 161,038 70,852 82,305 42,769 64,358 

FL 257,677 89,610 86,165 77,080 73,125 

GA 147,517 97,146 98,497 58,095 75,717 

KY 198,817 107,890 92,021 64,378 64,378 

MS 43,135 11,475 36,011 8,945 10,271 

NC 151,854 66,431 66,522 60,914 62,353 

SC 88,241 43,817 46,915 48,346 51,456 

TN 157,307 41,767 66,405 31,725 31,715 

VA 86,886 63,220 66,219 49,420 75,594 

WV 230,977 63,510 86,328 51,241 51,241 

Total 1,523,449 655,718 727,388 492,913 560,208 

Note: Emission summaries above are based on SCCs 1-01-xxx-xx and 2-01-xxx-xx. 

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Table 2.1-5 EGU Point Source VOC Emission Comparison for 2002/2009/2018. 

2002 2009 2018 

State 

2002 

VISTAS 

BaseG 

Base F4 

IPM Based 

Base G 

IPM Based 

with S/L 

Adjustments 

Base F4 

IPM Based 

Base G 

IPM Based 

with S/L 

Adjustments 

AL 2,295 2,441 2,473 2,952 2,952 

FL 2,524 1,867 1,910 2,324 2,376 

GA 1,244 1,571 2,314 1,903 2,841 

KY 1,487 1,369 1,369 1,426 1,426 

MS 648 406 404 1,124 1,114 

NC 988 974 954 1,272 1,345 

SC 470 660 660 906 906 

TN 926 932 932 977 976 

VA 754 685 778 903 996 

WV 1,180 1,342 1,361 1,387 1,387 

Total 12,516 12,247 13,155 15,174 16,319 

Note: Emission summaries above are based on SCCs 1-01-xxx-xx and 2-01-xxx-xx. 

Table 2.1-6 EGU Point Source CO Emission Comparison for 2002/2009/2018. 

2002 2009 2018 

State 

2002 

VISTAS 

BaseG 

Base F4 

IPM Based 

Base G 

IPM Based 

with S/L 

Adjustments 

Base F4 

IPM Based 

Base G 

IPM Based 

with S/L 

Adjustments 

AL 11,279 14,948 14,986 24,342 24,342 

FL 57,113 45,391 35,928 63,673 53,772 

GA 9,712 20,066 23,721 32,744 44,476 

KY 12,619 15,812 15,812 17,144 17,144 

MS 5,303 5,078 5,051 15,364 15,282 

NC 13,885 15,141 14,942 19,612 20,223 

SC 6,990 11,135 11,135 14,786 14,786 

TN 7,084 7,221 7,213 7,733 7,723 

VA 6,892 11,869 12,509 14,755 15,420 

WV 10,341 11,328 11,493 11,961 11,961 

 Total 141,218 157,989 152,790 222,114 225,129 

Note: Emission summaries above are based on SCCs 1-01-xxx-xx and 2-01-xxx-xx. 

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Table 2.1-7 EGU Point Source PM10-PRI Emission Comparison for 2002/2009/2018. 

2002 2009 2018 

State 

2002 

VISTAS 

BaseG 

Base F4 

IPM Based 

Base G 

IPM Based 

with S/L 

Adjustments 

Base F4 

IPM Based 

Base G 

IPM Based 

with S/L 

Adjustments 

AL 7,646 6,959 6,969 7,822 7,822 

FL 21,387 9,384 9,007 10,310 9,953 

GA 11,224 17,088 17,891 18,329 20,909 

KY 4,701 6,463 6,463 6,694 6,694 

MS 1,633 5,487 4,957 7,624 7,187 

NC 22,754 22,888 22,152 33,742 37,376 

SC 21,400 28,650 19,395 37,864 28,826 

TN 14,640 15,608 15,608 15,941 15,941 

VA 3,960 4,479 5,508 12,744 13,775 

WV 4,573 5,471 5,657 6,349 6,349 

Total 113,918 122,477 113,607 157,419 154,832 

Note: Emission summaries above are based on SCCs 1-01-xxx-xx and 2-01-xxx-xx. 

Table 2.1-8 EGU Point Source PM2.5 -PRI Emission Comparison for 2002/2009/2018. 

2002 2009 2018 

State 

2002 

VISTAS 

BaseG 

Base F4 

IPM Based 

Base G 

IPM Based 

with S/L 

Adjustments 

Base F4 

IPM Based 

Base G 

IPM Based 

with S/L 

Adjustments 

AL 4,113 3,916 3,921 4,768 4,768 

FL 15,643 6,250 5,910 7,171 6,843 

GA 4,939 10,104 10,907 11,403 13,983 

KY 2,802 4,279 4,279 4,434 4,434 

MS 1,138 5,310 4,777 7,469 7,033 

NC 16,498 16,514 15,949 26,966 29,792 

SC 17,154 23,366 16,042 32,180 25,032 

TN 12,166 13,092 13,092 13,387 13,387 

VA 2,606 3,194 4,067 11,101 11,976 

WV 2,210 2,850 2,940 3,648 3,648 

Total 79,269 88,875 81,884 122,527 120,896 

Note: Emission summaries above are based on SCCs 1-01-xxx-xx and 2-01-xxx-xx. 

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Table 2.1-9 EGU Point Source NH3 Emission Comparison for 2002/2009/2018. 

2002 2009 2018 

State 

2002 

VISTAS 

BaseG 

Base F4 

IPM Based 

Base G 

IPM Based 

with S/L 

Adjustments 

Base F4 

IPM Based 

Base G 

IPM Based 

with S/L 

Adjustments 

AL 317 359 359 1,072 1,072 

FL 234 1,659 1,631 3,004 2,976 

GA 83 686 686 1,677 1,677 

KY 326 400 400 476 476 

MS 190 333 333 827 827 

NC 54 423 445 691 663 

SC 142 343 343 617 617 

TN 204 227 227 241 241 

VA 127 632 694 558 622 

WV 121 330 330 180 180 

Total 1,798 5,392 5,448 9,343 9,351 

Note: Emission summaries above are based on SCCs 1-01-xxx-xx and 2-01-xxx-xx. 

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2.1.2 Non-EGU Emission Projections 

The general approach for assembling future year data was to use growth and control data 

consistent with the data used in EPA’s Clean Air Interstate Rule analyses, supplement these data 

with available stakeholder input, and provide the results for stakeholder review to ensure 

credibility. We used the revised 2002 VISTAS base year inventory, based on the 2002 CERR 

submittals as the starting point for the non-EGU projection inventories. As described in Section 

2.1.1.4, we split the point source inventory into EGU and non-EGU components. MACTEC 

performed the following activities to apply growth and control factors to the 2002 inventory to 

generate the 2009 and 2018 projection inventories: 

• Obtained, reviewed, and applied the most current growth factors developed by EPA, 

based on forecasts from an updated Regional Economic Models, Inc. (REMI) model 

(version 5.5) and the latest Annual Energy Outlook published by the Department of 

Energy (DOE); 

• Obtained, reviewed, and applied any State-specific or sector-specific growth factors 

submitted by stakeholders; 

• Obtained and incorporated information regarding sources that have shut down after 2002 

and set the emissions to zero in the projection inventories; 

• Obtained, reviewed, and applied control assumptions for programs “on-the-books” and 

“on-the-way”; 

• Provided data files in NIF3.0 format and emission summaries in EXCEL format for 

review and comment; and 

• Updated the database with corrections or new information from S/L agencies based on 

their review of the Base F 2009/2018 inventories. 

The following sections discuss each of these steps. 

2.1.2.1 Growth assumptions for non-EGU sources 

This section describes the growth factor data used in developing the Base F inventory for 2009 

and 2018, as well as the changes to the growth factor data made for the Base G inventory. 

The growth factor data used in developing the Base F inventory were consistent with EPA’s 

analyses for the CAIR rulemaking. These growth factors are fully documented in the reports 

entitled Development of Growth Factors for Future Year Modeling Inventories (dated April 30, 

2004) and CAIR Emission Inventory Overview (dated July 23, 2004). Three sources of data were 

used in developing the growth factors for the Base F inventory: 

• State-specific growth rates from the Regional Economic Model, Inc. (REMI) Policy 

Insight® model, version 5.5 (being used in the development of the EGAS Version 5.0). 

The REMI socioeconomic data (output by industry sector, population, farm sector value 

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added, and gasoline and oil expenditures) are available by 4-digit SIC code at the 

State level. 

• Energy consumption data from the DOE’s Energy Information Administration’s (EIA) 

Annual Energy Outlook 2004, with Projections through 2025 for use in generating 

growth factors for non-EGU fuel combustion sources. These data include regional or 

national fuel-use forecast data that were mapped to specific SCCs for the non-EGU fuel 

use sectors (e.g., commercial coal, industrial natural gas). Growth factors for the 

residential natural gas combustion category, for example, are based on residential natural 

gas consumption forecasts that are reported at the Census division level. These Census 

divisions represent a group of States (e.g., the South Atlantic division includes eight 

southeastern States and the District of Columbia). Although one would expect different 

growth rates in each of these States due to unique demographic and socioeconomic 

trends, EIA’s projects all States within each division using the same growth rate.

• Specific changes for sectors (e.g., plastics, synthetic rubber, carbon black, cement 

manufacturing, primary metals, fabricated metals, motor vehicles and equipment) where 

the REMI-based rates were unrealistic or highly uncertain. Growth projections for these 

sectors were based on industry group forecasts, Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) 

projections and Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA) historical growth from 1987-2002. 

In addition to the growth data described above, we received two sets of growth projections from 

VISTAS stakeholders. 

The American Forest and Paper Association (AF&PA) supplied growth projections for the pulp 

and paper sector, which were applied to SIC 26xx Paper and Allied Products. The AF&PA 

projection factors are for the U.S. industry and apply to all States equally. The numbers come 

from the 15-year forecast for world pulp and recovered paper prepared by Resource Information 

Systems Inc. (RISI). 

AF&PA Growth Factor 

SIC Code Sector 

2002 to 2009 2002 to 2018 

2611 Pulp Mills 1.067 1.169 

2621 Paper Mills 1.067 1.169 

2631 Paperboard Mills 1.067 1.169 

For both the Base F and Base G inventories, we used the above AF&PA growth factors by SIC 

instead of the factors obtained from EPA’s CAIR analysis. 

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For the Base F inventory, the NCDENR supplied recent projections for three key sectors in 

North Carolina where declining production was anticipated – SIC 22xx Textile Mill Products, 

23xx Apparel and Other Fabrics, and 25xx Furniture and Fixtures. For the Base G inventory, 

NCDENR decided to use a growth factor of 1.0 for these SIC codes for both 2009 and 2018. 

Although NCDENR has data that shows a steady decline in these industries in NC, NCDENR 

wanted to maintain the emission levels at 2002 levels so the future emission reduction credits 

were available in the event that they are needed for nonattainment areas. The specific growth 

factors for these industrial sectors in North Carolina were: 

NCDENR Growth Factors for Specific Industrial Sectors 

2009 2018 

SIC Code Industrial 

Sector Base F Base G Base F Base G 

22xx Textile Mill 

Products 0.6239 1.00 0.2792 1.00 

23xx Apparel and 

Other Fabrics 0.5867 1.00 0.2247 1.00 

25xx Furniture and 

Fixtures 0.8970 1.00 0.7647 1.00 

For the Base G inventory, we made one additional change to the growth factors. The Base F 

inventory relied on DOE’s AEO2004 forecasts for projecting emissions for fuel-burning SCCs 

(applies mainly to ICI boilers 1-02-xxx-xx and 1-03-xxx-xx, as well as in-process fuel use). We 

replaced the AEO2004 data with the more recent AEO2006 forecasts (released in February 

2006) to reflect changes in the energy market and to improve the emissions growth factors 

produced. We obtained the corresponding AEO2006 projection tables from DOE’s web site 

located at http://www.eia.doe.gov/oiaf/aeo/supplement/supref.html. We developed tables comparing 

the growth factors based on AEO2004 and AEO2006. These comparison tables were reviewed 

by the S/L agencies. Based on this review, VISTAS decided to use the AEO2006 growth factors 

for fuel burning SCCs. 

We used the EPA’s EGAS model and updated the corresponding AEO2006 projection tables to 

create growth factors by SCC. We applied the updated growth factors to 2002 actual emissions 

and replaced the 2009 and 2018 emissions in NIF EM tables for the affected SCCs. 

2.1.2.2 Source Shutdowns 

A few states indicated that significant source shutdowns have occurred since 2002 and that 

emissions from these sources should not be included in the future year inventories. These sources 

are identified in Table 2.1-10. 

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Table 2.1-10. Summary of Source Shutdowns Incorporated in Base G Inventory. 

State Description of Source Shutdowns 

AL None specified. 

FL The following facilities are shutdown and projected emissions were set to zero in 2009/2018. 

 0570075 CORONET INDUSTRIES, INC. 

 1050050 U S AGRI-CHEMICALS CORP. 

 1050051 U.S. AGRI-CHEMICALS CORPORATION 

These facilities emitted 2,417 tons of SO2 and 113 tons of NOx in 2002. 

GA Georgia indicated that the former Blue Circle (now LaFarge) facility in downtown Atlanta will likely 

shut down before 2009. The facility has two cement kilns, one of which is already shut down. The 

second kiln will continue to operate until the new facility in Alabama has enough milling capacity, 

after which the entire Atlanta facility will be completely closed down. This facility emitted 1,617 tons 

of SO2 and 587 tons of NOx in 2002. 

KY None specified. 

MS AF&PA indicated that the International Paper Natchez Mill (28-001-2800100010) has shut down. 

This facility emitted 1,398 tons of SO2 and 1,773 tons of NOx in 2002. 

 The Magnolia Resources - Pachuta Harmony Gas Plant (28-023-00031) is out of business and no 

longer holds an air permit. This facility emitted 2,257 tons of SO2and 134 tons of NOx in 2002. 

NC In Base F, two paper mills were identified as being shut down in the 2018 inventory. NCDENR 

indicated that these mills are not expected to close. The two facilities are Ecusta Business 

Development (37-175-3717500056) and International Paper (37-083-00007). Their emissions were 

added back into the Base G 2018 inventory. 

 BASF Corporation (37-021-724) in Buncombe County is currently operating but has plans to shut 

down in 2007. This facility emitted 461 tons of SO2 and 266 tons of NOx in 2002. 

SC South Carolina provided a list of facilities that were identified as closing down on or after Jan. 1, 

2003. The emissions for these facilities were set to zero in the 2009 and 2018 projection inventories. 

Emissions from these plants in 2002 were: 6,195 tons of SO2, 2,994 tons of NOx, and 2,836 tons of 

VOC. Most of the emissions were from one facility – Celanese Acetate (45-091-2440-0010) in York 

County. 

TN Davidson County (Nashville) indicated that significant source shutdowns have occurred since data 

were submitted for the 2002 CERR. Source number 47-037-00002 (Dupont) shut down a portion of 

their facility, which was permanently taken out of service. Source 47-037-00050 (Nashville Thermal 

Transfer Corp.) shut down their municipal waste combustors and replaced them with natural gas fired 

boilers with propane stand by. 

 Weyerhaeuser (AKA Willamette) Power Boiler 7 (47-163-0022, EU ID = 017) is being shut down. 

This emission unit emitted 4,297 tons of SO2 and 1,443 tons of NOx in 2002. 

 Liberty Fibers (47-063-0197) in Hamblen County has recently shut down. This facility emitted 5,377 

tons of SO2; 2,057 tons of NOx; and 9,059 tons of VOC in 2002. 

VA Rock-Tenn (51-680-00097) received a permit dated 9/13/2003 which required the shutdown of units 1 

and 2 by 2/27/2004. This permit was part of a netting exercise that allowed the installation of a new 

NG/DO boiler. These two units emitted 507 tons of SO2 and 276 tons of NOx in 2002. 

WV None specified. 

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2.1.2.3 Control Programs applied to non-EGU sources 

We used the same control programs for both the 2009 and 2018 non-EGU point inventory. Two 

control scenarios were developed: on-the-books (OTB) controls and on-the-way (OTW) controls. 

The OTB control scenario accounts for post-2002 emission reductions from promulgated federal, 

State, local, and site-specific control programs. The OTW control scenario accounts for proposed 

(but not final) control programs that are reasonably anticipated to result in post-2002 emission 

reductions. The methodologies used to account for the emission reductions associated with these 

emission control programs are discussed in the following sections. 

Table 2.1-11. Non-EGU Point Source Control Programs Included in 2009/2018 

Projection Inventories. 

On-the-Books (Cut-off of July 1, 2004 for Base 1 adoption) 

• Atlanta / Northern Kentucky / Birmingham 1-hr SIPs 

• Industrial Boiler/Process Heater/RICE MACT 

• NOx RACT in 1-hr NAA SIPs 

• NOx SIP Call (Phase I- except where States have adopted II already e.g. NC) 

• Petroleum Refinery Initiative (October 1, 2003 notice; MS & WV) 

• RFP 3 percent Plans where in place for one hour plans 

• VOC 2-, 4-, 7-, and 10-year maximum achievable control technology (MACT0 

Standards 

• Combustion Turbine MACT 

On-the-Way 

• NOx SIP Call (Phase II – remaining States & IC engines) 

2.1.2.3.1 OTB - NOx SIP Call (Phase I) 

Phase I of the NOx SIP call applies to certain large non-EGUs, including large industrial boilers 

and turbines, and cement kilns. States in the VISTAS region affected by the NOx SIP call have 

developed rules for the control of NOx emissions that have been approved by EPA. We reviewed 

the available State rules and guidance documents to determine the affected sources and ozone 

season allowances. We also obtained and reviewed information in the EPA’s CAMD NOx

Allowance Tracking System – Allowances Held Report. Since these controls are to be in effect 

by the year 2007, we capped the emissions for NOx SIP call affected sources at 2007 levels and 

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carried forward the capped levels for the 2009/2018 future year inventories. Since the NOx SIP 

call allowances are given in terms of tons per ozone season (5 month period from May to 

September), we calculated annual emissions by multiplying the 5-month allowances by a factor 

of 12 divided by 5. 

2.1.2.3.2 OTB - Industrial Boiler/Process Heater MACT 

EPA anticipates reductions in PM and SO2 as a result of the Industrial Boiler/Process Heater 

MACT standard. The methods used to account for these reductions are the same as those used 

for the CAIR analysis. Reductions were included for existing units firing solid fuel (coal, wood, 

waste, biomass) which had a design capacity greater than 10 mmBtu/hr. EPA prepared a list of 

SCCs for solid fuel industrial and commercial/ institutional boilers and process heaters. We 

identified boilers greater than 10 mmBtu/hr using either the boiler capacity from the VISTAS 

2002 inventory, or if the boiler capacity was missing, a default capacity based on a methodology 

developed by EPA for assigning default capacities based on SCC. The applied MACT control 

efficiencies were 4 percent for SO2 and 40 for percent for PM10 and PM2.5 to account for the cobenefit from installation of acid gas scrubbers and other control equipment to reduce HAPs. 

2.1.2.3.3 OTB - 2, 4, 7, and 10-year MACT Standards 

Maximum achievable control technology (MACT) requirements were also applied, as 

documented in the report entitled Control Packet Development and Data Sources, dated July 14, 

2004. The point source MACTs and associated emission reductions were designed from Federal 

Register (FR) notices and discussions with EPA’s Emission Standards Division (ESD) staff. We 

did not apply reductions for MACT standards with an initial compliance date of 2001 or earlier, 

assuming that the effects of these controls are already accounted for in the 2002 inventories 

supplied by the States. Emission reductions were applied only for MACT standards with an 

initial compliance date of 2002 or greater. 

2.1.2.3.4 OTB Combustion Turbine MACT 

The projection inventories do not include the NOx co-benefit effects of the MACT regulations 

for Gas Turbines or stationary Reciprocating Internal Combustion Engines, which EPA estimates 

to be small compared to the overall inventory. 

2.1.2.3.5 OTB - Petroleum Refinery Initiative (MS and WV) 

Three refineries in the VISTAS region are affected by two October 2003 Clean Air Act 

settlements under the EPA Petroleum Refinery Initiative. The refineries are: (1) the Chevron 

refinery in Pascagoula, MS; (2) the Ergon refinery in Vicksburg, MS; and (3) the Ergon refinery 

in Newell, WV. 

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The first consent decree pertained to Chevron refineries in Richmond and El Segundo, CA; 

Pascagoula, MS; Salt Lake City, UT; and Kapolei, HI. Actions required under the Consent 

Decree will reduce annual emissions of NOx by 3,300 tons and SO2 by 6,300 tons. The consent 

decree requires a program to reduce NOx emissions from refinery heaters and boilers through the 

installation of NOx controls that meet at least an SNCR level of control. The refineries are to 

eliminate fuel oil burning in any combustion unit. The consent decree also requires reductions of 

NOx and SO2 from the fluid catalytic cracking unit and control of acid gas flaring incidents. The 

consent decree does not provide sufficient information to calculate emission reductions for the 

FCCU or flaring at the Pascagoula refinery. Therefore, we calculated a general percent reduction 

for NOx and SO2 by dividing the expected emission reductions at the five Chevron refineries by 

the total emissions from these five refineries (as reported in the 1999 NEI). This resulted in 

applying percent reductions of 45 percent for SO2 and 28 percent for NOx to FCCU and flaring 

emissions at the Chevron Pascagoula refinery. 

The second consent decree pertained to the Ergon-West Virginia refinery in Newell, WV; and 

the Ergon Refining facility in Vicksburg, MS. The consent decree requires the two facilities to 

implement a 6-year program to reduce NOx emission from all heaters and boilers greater than 40 

mmBtu/hr, and to eliminate fuel oil burning in any combustion unit (except during periods of 

natural gas curtailment). Specifically, ultra low NOx burners are required on Boilers A and B at 

Newell, a low NOx-equivalent level of control for heater H-101 at Newell and heaters H-1 and 

H-3 at Vicksburg, and an ultra low NOx burner level of control for heater H-451 at Vicksburg. 

2.1.2.3.6 OTW - NOx SIP Call (Phase II) 

The final Phase II NOx SIP call rule was finalized on April 21, 2004. States had until April 21, 

2005, to submit SIPs meeting the Phase II NOx budget requirements. The Phase II rule applies to 

large IC engines, which are primarily used in pipeline transmission service at compressor 

stations. We identified affected units using the same methodology as was used by EPA in the 

proposed Phase II rule (i.e., a large IC engine is one that emitted, on average, more than 1 ton per 

day during 2002). The final rule reflects a control level of 82 percent for natural gas-fired IC 

engines and 90 percent for diesel or dual fuel categories. As shown later in Table 2.1-12, several 

S/L agencies provided move specific information on the anticipated controls at the compressor 

stations. This information was used in the Base G inventory instead of the default approach used 

by EPA in the proposed Phase II rule. 

2.1.2.3.7 Clean Air Interstate Rule 

CAIR does not require or assume additional emission reductions from non-EGU boilers and 

turbines. 

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2.1.2.4 Quality Assurance steps 

Final QA checks were run on the revised projection inventory data set to ensure that all 

corrections provided by the S/L agencies and stakeholders were correctly incorporated into the 

S/L inventories and that there were no remaining QA issues that could be addressed during the 

duration of the project. After exporting the inventory to ASCII text files in NIF 3.0, the EPA QA 

program was run on the ASCII files and the QA output was reviewed to verify that all QA issues 

that could be addressed were resolved 

Throughout the inventory development process, quality assurance steps were performed to 

ensure that no double counting of emissions occurred, and to ensure that a full and complete 

inventory was developed for VISTAS. Quality assurance was an important component to the 

inventory development process and MACTEC performed the following QA steps on the point 

source component of the VISTAS revised 2002 base year inventory: 

1. Facility level emission summaries were prepared and evaluated to ensure that 

emissions were consistent and reasonable. The summaries included base year 2002 

emissions, 2009/2018 projected emissions accounting only for growth, 2009/2018 

projected emissions accounting for both growth and emission reductions from OTB 

and OTW controls. 

2. State-level non-EGU comparisons (by pollutant) were developed for the base year 

2002 emissions, 2009/2018 projected emissions accounting only for growth, 

2009/2018 projected emissions accounting for both growth and emission reductions 

from OTB and OTW controls. 

3. Data product summaries and raw NIF 3.0 data files were provided to the VISTAS 

Emission Inventory Technical Advisor and to the Point Source, EGU, and non-EGU 

Special Interest Work Group representatives for review and comment. Changes 

based on these comments were reviewed and approved by the S/L point source 

contact prior to implementing the changes in the files. 

4. Version numbering was used for all inventory files developed. The version 

numbering process used a decimal system to track major and minor changes. For 

example, a major change would result in a version going from Base F1 to Base F2. 

2.1.2.5 Additional Base G Updates and Corrections 

Table 2.1-12 summarizes the updates and corrections to the Base F inventory that were requested 

by S/L agencies and incorporated into the Base G 2009/2018 inventories. 

2.1.2.6 Summary of Revised 2009/2018 non-EGU Point Source Inventories 

Tables 2.1-13 through 2.1-19 summarize the revised 2009/2018 non-EGU point source 

inventories. The “growth only” column does not include the shutdowns (section 2.1.2.2) or 

control factors (section 2.1.2.3), only the growth factors described in section 2.1.2.1. 

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Table 2.1-12. Summary of Updates and Corrections to the Base F 2009/2018 Inventories 

Incorporated into the Base G 2009/2018 Inventories. 

State Nature of Update/Correction 

AL Corrected the latitude and longitude for two facilities: Ergon Terminalling (Site ID: 01-073-

010730167) and Southern Power Franklin (Site ID: 01-081-0036). 

AL Corrections to stack parameters at 10 facilities for stacks with parameters that do not appear to fall 

into the ranges typically termed "acceptable" for AQ modeling. 

FL Corrected 2009/2018 emission values for the Miami Dade RRF facility (Site ID: 12-086-0250348) 

based on revised 2002 emissions and application of growth control factors for 2009/2018. 

GA Hercules Incorporated (12-051-05100005) had an erroneous process id (#3) within emission unit id 

SB9 and was deleted. This removes about 6,000 tons of SO2 from the 2009/2018 inventories. 

 Provided a revised file of location coordinates at the stack level that was used to replace the location 

coordinated in the ER file. 

 There are several sources that have updated their emissions from their BART eligible units. most of 

these changes were for fairly small (<50 tpy) sources. 

NC Made several changes to Base F inventory to correct the following errors: 

1. Corrected emissions at Hooker Furniture (Site ID: 37-081-3708100910), release point G-29, to use 

the corrected values in 2002 and carry those same numbers through to 2009 and 2018 since NCDENR 

assumes zero growth for furniture industry. 

2. Identified many stack parameters in the ER file that were unrealistic. Several have zero for height, 

diameter, gas velocity, and flow rate. NC used the procedures outlined in Section 8 of the document 

""National Emission Inventory QA and Augmentation Report" to correct unrealistic stack parameters. 

3. Identified truncated latitude and longitude values in Base F inventory. NC updated all Title V 

facility latitude and longitude that was submitted to EPA for those facilities in 2004. Smaller facilities 

with only two decimal places were not corrected. 

4. Corrected 2018 VOC emissions for International Paper (3709700045) Emission Unit ID, G-12, to 

reflect changes to the 2002 inventory. 

 There are three Transcontinental Natural Gas Pipeline facilities in NC that are subject to the NOx SIP 

call. NCDENR took 2004 emissions and grew them to 2009 & 2018 and capped those units that are 

subject to the NOx SIP Call Rule. These facility IDs are 37-057-3705700300, 37-097-3709700225, 

and 37-157-3715700131. 

 NCDENR applied NOx RACT to a two facilities located in the Charlotte nonattainment area. 

NCDENR provided 2009 & 2018 emissions for Philip Morris USA (37-025-3702500048) and 

Norandal USA (37-159-3715900057). 

SC Corrected PM species emission values. SC DHEC’s initial CERR submittal reported particulate 

matter emissions using the PM-FIL, PM10-FIL, and PM2.5 -FIL pollutant codes. In August 2005, SC 

DHEC indicated that data reported using the PM-FIL, PM10-FIL, and PM2.5 -FIL pollutant codes 

should actually have been reported using the PM-PRI, PM10-PRI, and PM2.5 _PRI codes. MACTEC 

performed a subsequent PM augmentation in April 2006 using the revised pollutant codes. These 

changes were reflected in the Base G 2009/2018 emission inventory. 

 Specified that the Bowater Inc. facility (45-091-2440-0005) in York County conducted an expansion 

in 2003/2004 and plans a future expansion. SC provided updated emissions for 2009 and 2018 for this 

facility. 

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Table 2.1-12. Continued. 

State Nature of Update/Correction 

TN Updated 2009/2018 emissions for Eastman Chemical (47-163-0003) based on final (Feb. 2005) 

BART rule. 

 Updated 2009/2018 emission inventory for the Bowater facility (47-107-0012) based on the facility’s 

updated 2002 emission inventory update. 

 Replaced 2009/2018 data from Hamilton County, Tennessee, using data from Hamilton County’s 

CERR submittal as contained in EPA’s 2002 NEI (in Base F, the inventory for Hamilton County was 

based on the draft VISTAS 2002 inventory, which in turn was based on the 1999 NEI); applied 

growth and control factors to revised 2002 inventory to generate emission projections for 2009/2018. 

 Updated 2009/2018 emissions for PCS Nitrogen Fertilizer LP (Site ID: 47-157-00146) based on the 

facility’s updated 2002 emission inventory update. 

 The 2002 NEI correctly reports the actual emissions for CEMEX (47-093-0008) after the NOx SIP 

call. There is no reason to suspect that that rate would change in 2008, 2009, or 2018. Emissions for 

2009/2018 were set equal to 2002 emissions. 

 In the Base F 2009/2018 inventories, NOx controls were applied for two units at Columbia Gulf 

Transmission (47-111-0004). There are no plans for controls at these units, EO3 and EO4. The 

assumed control efficiency of 82 percent was backed out in the 2009/2018 inventories. 

VA VADEQ provided 2009/2018 NOx emission estimates for NOx Phase II gas transmission sources at 

three Transco facilities (51-011-00011, 51-137-00027, 51-143-00120) which were used to replace the 

default NOx Phase II control assumptions for these facilities. 

 VADEQ provided updated 2009/2018 NOx and SO2 emissions based on new controls required by a 

November 2005 permit modification and netting exercise. The entire power plant facility is limited to 

213 tons of NOx and 107 tons of SO2 per year. The permit also allowed the installation of 3 new 

boilers, also under the 213 tons of NOx /year cap. 

WV Updated 2009/2018 emissions for Steel of West Virginia (Site ID: 54-011-0009) based on the 

facility’s updated 2002 emission inventory update. 

 Made changes to several Site ID names due to changes in ownership 

 Base F emissions were much too high for Weirton Steel (54-021-0029). WV believes that the source 

is very unlikely to emit the NOx SIP Call budgeted amounts in 2009 or 2018. WV provided revised 

emission estimates based on EGAS for 2009/2018. 

 Made corrections to latitude/longitude and stack parameters at a few facilities for stacks with 

parameters that do not appear to fall into the ranges typically termed "acceptable" for AQ modeling. 

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Table 2.1-13 Non-EGU Point Source SO2 Emission Comparison for 2002/2009/2018. 

2002 2009 2018 

State Base G Base F4 Base G Base F4 Base G 

AL 96,481 100,744 101,246 112,703 113,224 

FL 65,090 68,549 65,511 79,015 75,047 

GA 53,778 61,535 53,987 68,409 59,349 

KY 34,029 35,470 36,418 38,806 40,682 

MS 35,960 27,488 25,564 40,195 39,221 

NC 44,123 48,751 42,536 50,415 46,314 

SC 53,518 55,975 48,324 56,968 53,577 

TN 79,604 89,149 70,678 96,606 77,247 

VA 63,903 63,075 62,560 69,776 68,909 

WV 54,070 54,698 55,973 60,137 62,193 

Total 580,556 605,434 562,797 673,030 635,763 

Note: Emission summaries above include all SCCs except 1-01-xxx-xx and 2-01-xxx-xx. 

Table 2.1-14 Non-EGU Point Source NOx Emission Comparison for 2002/2009/2018. 

2002 2009 2018 

State BaseG Base F4 Base G Base F4 BaseG 

AL 83,310 69,676 69,409 79,101 78,318 

FL 45,156 44,859 46,020 50,635 51,902 

GA 49,251 51,556 50,353 57,323 55,824 

KY 38,392 36,526 37,758 40,363 41,034 

MS 61,526 55,877 56,397 62,132 61,533 

NC 44,928 44,877 34,767 47,200 37,801 

SC 42,153 42,501 40,019 44,480 44,021 

TN 64,344 63,431 57,883 70,313 63,453 

VA 60,415 51,335 51,046 56,876 55,945 

WV 46,612 40,433 38,031 44,902 43,359 

Total 536,087 501,071 481,683 553,325 533,190 

Note: Emission summaries above include all SCCs except 1-01-xxx-xx and 2-01-xxx-xx. 

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Table 2.1-15 Non-EGU Point Source VOC Emission Comparison for 2002/2009/2018. 

2002 2009 2018 

State Base G Base F4 Base G Base F4 Base G 

AL 47,037 46,660 46,644 54,268 54,291 

FL 38,471 36,675 36,880 42,787 42,811 

GA 33,709 34,082 34,116 40,267 40,282 

KY 44,834 47,648 47,785 55,564 55,861 

MS 43,204 37,921 37,747 45,769 45,338 

NC 61,182 70,464 61,925 76,027 70,875 

SC 38,458 38,273 35,665 44,545 43,656 

TN 84,328 89,380 74,089 111,608 93,266 

VA 43,152 43,620 43,726 53,065 53,186 

WV 14,595 14,012 13,810 16,632 16,565 

Total 448,970 458,735 432,387 540,532 516,131 

Note: Emission summaries above include all SCCs except 1-01-xxx-xx and 2-01-xxx-xx. 

Table 2.1-16 Non-EGU Point Source CO Emission Comparison for 2002/2009/2018. 

2002 2009 2018 

State Base G Base F4 Base G Base F4 Base G 

AL 174,271 176,899 180,369 194,280 201,794 

FL 81,933 83,937 87,037 96,642 96,819 

GA 130,850 147,362 147,427 168,570 167,904 

KY 109,936 121,727 122,024 139,121 139,437 

MS 54,568 58,023 57,748 67,764 66,858 

NC 50,576 53,955 53,744 61,127 62,197 

SC 56,315 62,144 60,473 71,318 68,988 

TN 115,264 123,844 119,665 146,407 140,942 

VA 63,796 67,046 68,346 74,364 76,998 

WV 89,879 100,248 100,045 119,318 119,332 

 Total 927,388 995,185 996,878 1,138,911 1,141,269 

Note: Emission summaries above include all SCCs except 1-01-xxx-xx and 2-01-xxx-xx. 

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Table 2.1-17 Non-EGU Point Source PM10-PRI Emission Comparison for 2002/2009/2018. 

2002 2009 2018 

State Base G Base F4 Base G Base F4 Base G 

AL 25,240 25,450 25,421 29,973 29,924 

FL 35,857 39,363 39,872 46,573 46,456 

GA 21,610 23,509 23,103 27,781 27,273 

KY 16,626 17,164 17,174 20,142 20,153 

MS 19,472 19,200 19,245 22,952 22,859 

NC 13,838 14,738 13,910 15,816 15,737 

SC 14,142 17,631 13,370 20,197 15,139 

TN 35,174 37,040 34,833 45,168 42,280 

VA 13,252 13,043 13,048 15,150 15,112 

WV 17,503 17,723 17,090 21,699 21,735 

Total 212,714 224,861 217,066 265,451 256,668 

Note: Emission summaries above include all SCCs except 1-01-xxx-xx and 2-01-xxx-xx. 

Table 2.1-18 Non-EGU Point Source PM25-PRI Emission Comparison for 

2002/2009/2018. 

2002 2009 2018 

State Base G Base F4 Base G Base F4 Base G 

AL 19,178 19,256 19,230 22,628 22,598 

FL 30,504 33,387 33,946 39,436 39,430 

GA 17,462 19,361 18,982 22,882 22,416 

KY 11,372 11,680 11,686 13,734 13,739 

MS 9,906 9,144 9,199 10,768 10,739 

NC 10,500 11,192 10,458 11,927 11,825 

SC 10,245 13,101 9,390 14,947 11,086 

TN 27,807 29,302 27,577 35,750 33,532 

VA 10,165 9,980 9,988 11,604 11,594 

WV 13,313 13,364 12,769 16,474 16,516 

Total 160,452 169,767 163,225 200,150 193,475 

Note: Emission summaries above include all SCCs except 1-01-xxx-xx and 2-01-xxx-xx. 

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Table 2.1-19 Non-EGU Point Source NH3 Emission Comparison for 2002/2009/2018. 

2002 2009 2018 

State Base G Base F4 Base G Base F4 Base G 

AL 1,883 2,132 2,132 2,464 2,464 

FL 1,423 1,544 1,544 1,829 1,829 

GA 3,613 3,963 3,963 4,799 4,797 

KY 674 733 760 839 901 

MS 1,169 667 668 761 764 

NC 1,180 1,288 1,285 1,422 1,466 

SC 1,411 1,578 1,578 1,779 1,779 

TN 1,613 1,861 1,841 2,240 2,214 

VA 3,104 3,050 3,049 3,613 3,604 

WV 332 341 341 416 413 

Total 16,402 17,157 17,161 20,162 20,231 

Note: Emission summaries above include all SCCs except 1-01-xxx-xx and 2-01-xxx-xx. 

2.2 Area Sources 

This section describes the methodology used to develop the 2009 and 2018 projection Base F 

and Base G projection inventories. This section describes two approaches to these projections. 

Separate methods for projecting emissions were used for non-agricultural (stationary area) and 

agricultural area sources (predominantly NH3 emissions). The two methods used for these 

sectors are described in the sections that follow. 

2.2.1 Stationary area sources 

The general approach used to calculate Base F projected emissions for stationary area sources 

was as follows: 

1. Use the VISTAS Base F 2002 base year inventory as the starting point for projections. 

2. MACTEC then worked with the VISTAS States (via the Stationary Area Source SIWG) 

to obtain any State specific growth factors and/or future controls from the States to use in 

developing the projections. 

3. MACTEC then back calculated uncontrolled emissions from the Base F 2002 base year 

inventory based on existing controls reported in the 2002 Base F base year inventory. 

4. Controls (including control efficiency, rule effectiveness and rule penetration) provided 

by the States or originally developed for use in estimating projected emissions for U.S. 

EPA’s Heavy Duty Diesel (HDD) rulemaking emission projections and used in the Clean 

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Air Interstate Rule (CAIR) projections were then used to calculate controlled emissions. 

State submitted controls had precedence over the U.S. EPA developed controls. 

5. Growth factors supplied from the States or the U.S. EPA’s CAIR emission projections 

were then applied to project the controlled emissions to the appropriate year. In some 

cases EGAS Version 5 growth factors were used if no growth factor was available from 

either the States or the CAIR growth factor files. The use of EGAS Version 5 growth 

factors was on a case-by-case basis wherever State-supplied or CAIR factors were not 

available for SCCs found in the 2002 Base F inventory. Use of the EGAS factors was 

necessitated due to the CERR submittals used in constructing the Base F 2002 inventory. 

Use of the CERR data resulted in SCCs that were not found in the CAIR inventory and if 

no State-supplied growth factor was provided required the use of an EGAS growth factor. 

6. MACTEC then provided the final draft Base F projection inventory for review and 

comment by the VISTAS States. 

For Base F stationary area sources, no State-supplied growth or control factors were provided. 

Thus for all of the sources in this sector of the inventory, growth and controls for Base F were 

applied based on controls initially identified for the CAIR and growth factors identified for the 

CAIR projections. 

For the Base G projections, the Base G 2002 base year inventory (see section 1.2.3) was used as 

a starting point. States provided some updated future controls but growth factors used were 

identical to those used for Base F. The revised controls for Base G were largely for new sources 

added as part of the 2002 Base F comments. The calculation of Base G projections was identical 

to the six steps outlined above with the exception of revisions made to prescribed fire for 2009 

and 2018 and for the State of North Carolina. North Carolina provided 2009 and 2018 updated 

emission files used to update the emissions for each year for several source categories. However 

not all sources in the inventory were included in these NC updates. As a consequence, the final 

Base G 2009 and 2018 inventory for NC included emissions updated using the NC supplied files 

and emissions developed using growth and control factors as outlined above. 

In a few cases, additional growth factors had to be added for source categories that had not 

initially been included in the Base F inventory. These growth factors were obtained from EGAS 

5.0. Finally updates to growth factors from EGAS 5.0 were made for fuel fired emission sources. 

The updated growth factors reflected the most recent data from the Department of Energy’s 

Annual Energy Outlook (AEO). These data were used to reflect changes in energy efficiency 

resulting from new or updated fuel firing technologies. 

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2.2.1.1 Stationary area source controls 

The controls obtained by MACTEC for the HDD rulemaking were controls for the years 2007, 

2020, and 2030. Since MACTEC was preparing 2009 and 2018 projections, control values for 

intermediate years were prepared using a straight line interpolation of control level between 2007 

and 2020. The equation used to calculate the control level was as follows: 

 CE = (((2020 CE – 2007 CE)/13)*YRS) + 2007 CE 

 Where: 

CE = Control Efficiency for either 2009 or 2018 

2020 CE = HDD Control Efficiency value for 2020 

2007 CE = HDD Control Efficiency value for 2007 

13 = Number of years between 2020 and 2007 

YRS = Number of years beyond 2007 to VISTAS Projection year 

For 2009 the value of YRS would be two (2) and for 2018 the value would be eleven (11). 

Control efficiency values were determined for VOC, CO and PM. Rule penetration values for 

each year in the HDD controls tables obtained by MACTEC were always 100 percent so those 

values were maintained for the VISTAS projections. 

Prior to performing the linear interpolation of the controls, MACTEC evaluated controls from 

the CAIR projections (NOTE: Initially the controls came from the IAQTR projections, however 

the controls used in CAIR were virtually identical to those in IAQTR). Those controls appeared 

to be identical to those used for the HDD rulemaking. In addition, MACTEC received some 

additional information on some controls for area source solvents (email from Jim Wilson, E.H. 

Pechan and Associates, Inc. to Gregory Stella, VISTAS Emission Inventory Technical Advisor, 

3/5/04) that were used to check against the controls in the HDD rulemaking files. Where those 

controls proved to be more stringent than the HDD values, MACTEC updated the control file 

with those values (which were then used in the interpolation to develop 2009 and 2018 values). 

Finally, for VOC the HDD controls were initially provided at the State-county-SCC level. 

However, upon direction from the VISTAS Emission Inventory Technical advisor, the VOC 

controls were consolidated at the SCC level and applied across all counties within the VISTAS 

region (email from Gregory Stella, Alpine Geophysics, 3/3/2004) to ensure that no controls were 

missed due to changes in county FIPS codes and/or SCC designations between the time the HDD 

controls were developed and 2002. 

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The equation below indicates how VOC emissions were projected for stationary area sources. 

⎟

⎟

⎠

⎞

⎜

⎜

⎝

⎛ ⎟

⎠

⎞ ⎜

⎝

⎛

⎟

⎠

⎞ ⎜

⎝

⎛

⎟

⎠

⎞ ⎜

⎝

⎛ = − 100

_

100

_

100

_ 1 2018 2018 2018

2018 2002

CEVOC REVOC RPVOC VOC xVOC

 Where: 

 VOC2018 = VOC emissions for 2018 

 VOC2002 = Uncontrolled VOC emissions for 2002 

 VOC_CE2018 = Control Efficiency for VOC (in this example for 2018) 

 VOC_RE2018 = Rule Effectiveness for VOC (in this example for 2018) 

 VOC_RP2018 = Rule Penetration for VOC (in this example for 2018) 

A similar equation could be constructed for either PM or CO. It should be noted that the control 

efficiencies calculated based on the HDD rulemaking were only applied if they were greater than 

any existing 2002 base year controls. No controls were found for SO2 or NOx area sources. 

In the pre-Base F 2018 emission estimates, an energy efficiency factor was applied to energy 

related stationary area sources. The energy efficiency factor was applied along with the growth 

factor to account for both growth and changes in energy efficiency. That factor was not applied 

to the Base F projections since information supplied by U.S. EPA related to the CAIR growth 

factors indicated that growth values for those categories were derived from U.S. Department of 

Energy (DOE) and were felt to account for changes in growth and projected energy efficiency. 

For the Base G inventory, these energy efficiency factors were re-instituted and used in 

conjunction with EGAS 5.0 growth factors in a manner identical to that used for the pre-Base F 

inventories. The energy efficiency factors were derived from U.S. DOE’s Annual Energy 

Outlook report. 

One significant difference between the Base F and Base G control factors was for counties and 

independent cities in northern Virginia. Several counties and independent cities in northern 

Virginia are subject to Ozone Transport Commission rules. For these counties and independent 

cities, controls for portable fuel containers, mobile equipment repair/refinishing, consumer 

products, solvent metal cleaning, and the architectural and industrial maintenance rules 

were added. The counties/independent cities (FIPS code) included in the changes for Base G 

were: Alexandria City (51510), Arlington (51013), Fairfax City (51600), Fairfax (51059), Falls 

Church City (51610), Fredericksburg City (51630), Loudoun (51107), Manassas City (51683), 

Manassas Park City (51685), Prince William County (51153), Spotsylvania (51177), and 

Stafford (51179). Not all OTC rules applied to all counties/cities. 

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2.2.1.2 Stationary area source growth 

As indicated above, growth factors for the Base F and Base G 2009 and 2018 inventories were 

obtained from the U.S. EPA and are linear interpolations of the growth factors used for the Clean 

Air Interstate Rule (CAIR) projections. The growth factors for the CAIR obtained by MACTEC 

were developed using a base year of 2001 and provided growth factors for 2010 and 2015. 

MACTEC used the TREND function in Microsoft ExcelTM to calculate 2002, 2009 and 2018 

values from the 2001, 2010 and 2015 values. The TREND function provides a linear 

interpolation of intermediate values from a known series of data points (in this case the 2001, 

2010 and 2015 values) based on the equation for a straight line. These values were calculated at 

the State and SCC level with the exception of paved road emissions (SCC = 2294000000). The 

growth factors for paved roads were available in the CAIR data set at the State, county and SCC 

level so they were applied at that level. 

Prior to utilizing the growth factors from the CAIR projections, MACTEC confirmed that all 

SCCs found in the VISTAS 2002 base year inventory were in the CAIR file (for Base F the 

starting point was the version 3.1 2002 base year inventory, for Base G the starting point was the 

Base F 2002 base year inventory). Some SCCs were not found in the CAIR file. For those SCCs, 

the growth factors used were derived in one of five ways. First where possible, they were taken 

from a beta version of EGAS 5.0. In other cases, the growth factor was set to one (i.e., no 

growth). In other cases, a similar SCC that had a CAIR growth factor was used. In a few cases a 

growth factor based on an average CAIR growth at the 6 digit SCC level was calculated. Finally 

a number of records used population as the growth surrogate. For the Base G inventory, CAIR 

growth factors for fuel fired area sources were replaced with EGAS 5.0 growth factors (used in 

conjunction with AEO fuel efficiency factors). A comment field in the growth factor file was 

used to mark those records that were not taken directly from the CAIR projection growth factors. 

2.2.1.3 Differences between 2009/2018 

Methodologically, there was no difference in the way that 2009 and 2018 emissions were 

calculated for stationary area sources. The individual control and growth factors were different 

(due to the linear interpolation used to calculate the values) but the calculation methods were 

identical. This applies to both Base F and Base G. 

The only exception to this is for the State of North Carolina for Base G. North Carolina provided 

an emissions update file used to override calculated projections for a number of area source 

categories. The values in these files (provided for both 2009 and 2018) were used to overwrite 

the calculated projected emissions in the final NIF file. 

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2.2.2 Agricultural area sources 

The general approach used to calculate projected emissions for agricultural area sources 

(predominantly NH3 emission sources) was as follows: 

1. MACTEC used the version 3.1 2002 base year inventory data (which was based on the 

CMU ammonia model version 3.6). 

2. MACTEC worked with the VISTAS States (via the Agricultural Sources SIWG) to 

obtain any State specific growth and/or future controls from the States for agricultural 

sources. 

3. Since the base year emissions were uncontrolled, and no future controls for these sources 

were identified, MACTEC projected the agricultural emissions using State-specific 

growth if available, otherwise the U.S. EPA’s Interstate Air Quality Transport Rule 

(IAQTR)/Ammonia inventory was used to develop the growth factors used to project the 

revised 2002 base year inventory to 2009 or 2018. Since the IAQTR inventory was only 

used to construct growth factors rather than using the emissions directly, no updated 

growth factors were prepared from the CAIR inventory values. 

4. MACTEC then provided the final draft inventory for review and comment by the 

VISTAS States. 

No change in the agricultural area source emission projections were made between Base F and 

Base G other than the removal of wild animal and human perspiration as a result of their removal 

from the 2002 base year file for Base G. 

2.2.2.1 Control assumptions for agricultural area sources 

No controls were identified either by the individual VISTAS States or in the information 

provided in the EPA’s IAQTR or CAIR Ammonia inventory documents. Thus all projected 

emissions for agricultural area sources represent simple growth with no controls. 

2.2.2.2 Growth assumptions for agricultural area sources 

Growth for several agricultural area source livestock categories was developed using the actual 

emission estimates developed by the EPA as part of the NEI. That work included projections for 

the years 2002, 2010, 2015, 2020, and 2030. The actual emissions themselves were not used 

other than to develop growth factors since the 2002 NEI upon which the growth projections were 

based was prepared prior to the release of the 2002 Census of Agriculture data which was 

included in the CMU model (version 3.6) used to develop the Base F 2002 VISTAS base year 

inventory. Thus VISTAS Agricultural Sources SIWG decided to use the NEI ammonia inventory 

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projected emissions to develop the 2009 and revised 2018 growth factors used to project 

emission for VISTAS. Details on the NEI inventory and projections can be found at: 

http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/ap42/ch09/related/nh3inventorydraft_jan2004.pdf. The actual data 

files for the projected emissions can be found at: 

http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/ap42/ch09/related/nh3output01_23_04.zip. 

In order to use the NEI projected emissions as growth factors, several steps were required. These 

steps were as follows: 

1. NEI projected emissions were only available for the years 2002, 2010, 2015, 2020, 

and 2030, thus the first task was to calculate intermediate year emissions for 2009 and 

2018. These values were calculated based on linear interpolation of the existing data. 

2. Once the intermediate emissions were calculated, MACTEC developed emission 

ratios to provide growth factors for 2009 and 2018. Ratios of emissions were 

established relative to the 2002 NEI emissions. 

3. Once the growth factors were established, MACTEC then evaluated whether or not 

all agricultural SCCs within the revised 2002 base year inventory had corresponding 

growth factors. MACTEC established that not all SCCs within the base year 

inventory had growth factors. These SCCs fell into one of two categories: 

a. SCCs that had multiple entries in the NEI but only a single SCC in the 2002 

VISTAS base year inventory. The NEI was established using a process model 

and for some categories of animals, emissions were calculated for several 

aspects of the process. The CMU model version 3.6 which was the basis for 

the VISTAS 2002 Base F inventory did not use a process model. As a 

consequence a mapping of SCCs in the NEI projections and corresponding 

SCCs in the CMU inventory was made and for those SCCs an average growth 

factor was calculated from the NEI projections for use with the corresponding 

SCC in the CMU based 2002 Base F inventory. 

b. There were also State, county, SCC trios in the 2002 VISTAS Base F 

inventory which had no corresponding emissions in the NEI files. For these 

instances, MACTEC first developed State level average growth factors from 

the NEI projections for use in growing these records. Even after developing 

State level average growth factors there were still some State/SCC pairs that 

did not have matching growth. For these records, MACTEC developed 

VISTAS regional average growth factors at the SCC level from the NEI data. 

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4. Once all of the growth factors were developed, they were used to project the 

emissions to 2009 and 2018. Growth factors were first applied at the State, county 

and SCC level. Then remaining records were grown with the State/SCC specific 

growth factors. Finally, any remaining ungrown records were projected at the SCC 

level using the VISTAS regional growth factor. 

For the livestock categories, the NEI emission projections only had data for beef and dairy cattle, 

poultry and swine. Thus for other livestock categories and for fertilizers alternative growth 

factors were required. 

The growth factors for other livestock categories and fertilizers were obtained from growth 

factors used for the IAQTR projections made by the U.S. EPA. The methodology for these 

categories was identical to that used for dairy, beef, poultry and swine with the exception that 

State/SCC and VISTAS/SCC growth factors were not required for these categories since the 

IAQTR data contained State, county and SCC level growth factors. The IAQTR data provided 

growth factors for 1996, 2007, 2010, 2015 and 2020. Linear interpolation was used to develop 

the growth factors for the intermediate years 2009 and 2018 required for the 

VISTAS projections. 

There were a few exceptions to the methods used for projecting agricultural sources for the 

VISTAS projections. These exceptions were: 

1. All swine emissions for North Carolina were maintained at 2002 levels for each 

projection year to capture a moratorium on swine production in that State. 

2. Ammonia growth factors for a few categories (mainly feedlots) were assigned to be the 

same as growth factors for PM emissions from the NEI projections. This assignment was 

made because the CMU model showed emissions from these categories but the NEI 

projections did not show ammonia emissions but did show PM emissions. 

3. No growth factors were found for horse and pony emissions. These emissions were held 

constant at 2002 levels. 

There was no change in this method between Base F and Base G. Thus Base F and Base G 

agricultural emissions are the same in each inventory. Future efforts on the agricultural emissions 

category should look at any changes made to the CMU model to reflect the model farm approach 

used by EPA in their inventory plus any updated growth factors that may be more recent than the 

EPA inventory used to develop growth estimates for Base F/G. 

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2.2.2.2.1 Differences between 2009/2018 

Methodologically, there was no difference in the way that 2009 and 2018 emissions were 

calculated for agricultural area sources. The growth factors were different (due to the linear 

interpolation used to calculate the values) but the calculation methods were identical. In addition 

there was no difference between Base F and Base G for this category. Thus Base F and Base G 

agricultural emissions are the same in each inventory. 

Tables 2.2-1 show the differences between Base F and Base G emissions for all area sources 

(including agricultural sources but excluding fires) for the 2002 base year and 2009 and 2018 by 

State and pollutant. 

Table 2.2-1 2002 Base Year Emissions and Percentage Difference for Base F and Base G 

(based on actual emissions). 

Actual Area 2002 - Base G 

State CO NH3 NOX PM10-PRI PM25-PRI SO2 VOC 

AL 83,958 58,318 23,444 393,588 56,654 52,253 182,674 

FL 71,079 37,446 28,872 443,346 58,878 40,491 404,302 

GA 108,083 80,913 36,142 695,414 103,794 57,559 299,679 

KY 66,752 51,135 39,507 233,559 45,453 41,805 95,375 

MS 37,905 58,721 4,200 343,377 50,401 771 131,808 

NC 345,315 161,860 36,550 280,379 64,052 5,412 237,926 

SC 113,714 28,166 19,332 260,858 40,291 12,900 161,000 

TN 89,828 34,393 17,844 212,554 42,566 29,917 153,307 

VA 155,873 43,905 51,418 237,577 43,989 105,890 174,116 

WV 39,546 9,963 12,687 115,346 21,049 11,667 60,443 

Base F 

AL 83,958 59,486 23,444 393,093 73,352 47,074 196,538 

FL 105,849 44,902 29,477 446,821 81,341 40,537 439,019 

GA 107,889 84,230 36,105 695,320 133,542 57,555 309,411 

KY 66,752 51,097 39,507 233,559 52,765 41,805 100,174 

MS 37,905 59,262 4,200 343,377 63,135 771 135,106 

NC 373,585 164,467 48,730 303,492 69,663 7,096 346,060 

SC 113,714 29,447 19,332 260,858 51,413 12,900 187,466 

TN 89,235 35,571 17,829 211,903 49,131 29,897 161,069 

VA 155,873 46,221 51,418 237,577 52,271 9,510 129,792 

WV 39,546 10,779 12,687 115,346 25,850 11,667 61,490 

Percentage Difference (negative values means Base G increased from Base F) 

AL 0.00% 1.96% 0.00% -0.13% 22.76% -11.00% 7.05% 

FL 32.85% 16.61% 2.05% 0.78% 27.62% 0.12% 7.91% 

GA -0.18% 3.94% -0.10% -0.01% 22.28% -0.01% 3.15% 

KY 0.00% -0.07% 0.00% 0.00% 13.86% 0.00% 4.79% 

MS 0.00% 0.91% 0.00% 0.00% 20.17% 0.00% 2.44% 

NC 7.57% 1.59% 24.99% 7.62% 8.05% 23.74% 31.25% 

SC 0.00% 4.35% 0.00% 0.00% 21.63% 0.00% 14.12% 

TN -0.67% 3.31% -0.09% -0.31% 13.36% -0.07% 4.82% 

VA 0.00% 5.01% 0.00% 0.00% 15.84% -1013.45% -34.15% 

WV 0.00% 7.57% 0.00% 0.00% 18.57% 0.00% 1.70% 

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Table 2.2-2 2009 Projection Year Emissions and Percentage Difference for Base F and 

Base G (based on actual emissions). 

Actual Area 2009 - Base G 

State CO NH3 NOX PM10-PRI PM25-PRI SO2 VOC 

AL 66,654 64,268 23,930 413,020 58,699 48,228 143,454 

FL 57,011 38,616 28,187 503,230 64,589 36,699 420,172 

GA 94,130 89,212 37,729 776,411 112,001 57,696 272,315 

KY 57,887 53,005 42,088 242,177 46,243 43,087 94,042 

MS 27,184 63,708 4,249 356,324 51,661 753 124,977 

NC 301,163 170,314 39,954 292,443 69,457 5,751 187,769 

SC 90,390 30,555 19,360 278,299 41,613 13,051 146,107 

TN 74,189 35,253 18,499 226,098 44,124 30,577 154,377 

VA 128,132 46,639 52,618 252,488 44,514 105,984 147,034 

WV 31,640 10,625 13,439 115,089 20,664 12,284 55,288 

Base F 

AL 68,882 65,441 26,482 411,614 76,248 17,818 157,405 

FL 101,356 46,950 31,821 507,515 90,487 52,390 462,198 

GA 103,579 92,838 38,876 776,935 146,691 57,377 294,204 

KY 64,806 53,023 42,122 242,345 54,397 40,779 94,253 

MS 37,161 64,289 4,789 356,516 65,321 637 125,382 

NC 332,443 173,187 53,550 317,847 75,570 7,607 252,553 

SC 95,826 31,966 20,852 278,852 54,230 12,945 176,104 

TN 82,196 36,578 19,148 225,650 51,753 29,787 160,265 

VA 133,738 49,173 53,344 252,924 54,587 10,619 120,022 

WV 37,704 11,461 13,816 115,410 25,835 12,156 57,082 

Percentage Difference (negative values means Base G increased from Base F) 

AL 3.24% 1.79% 9.64% -0.34% 23.02% -170.67% 8.86% 

FL 43.75% 17.75% 11.42% 0.84% 28.62% 29.95% 9.09% 

GA 9.12% 3.91% 2.95% 0.07% 23.65% -0.56% 7.44% 

KY 10.68% 0.03% 0.08% 0.07% 14.99% -5.66% 0.22% 

MS 26.85% 0.90% 11.27% 0.05% 20.91% -18.10% 0.32% 

NC 9.41% 1.66% 25.39% 7.99% 8.09% 24.41% 25.65% 

SC 5.67% 4.41% 7.16% 0.20% 23.27% -0.82% 17.03% 

TN 9.74% 3.62% 3.39% -0.20% 14.74% -2.65% 3.67% 

VA 4.19% 5.15% 1.36% 0.17% 18.45% -898.09% -22.51% 

WV 16.08% 7.29% 2.73% 0.28% 20.02% -1.06% 3.14% 

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Table 2.2-3 2018 Projection Year Emissions and Percentage Difference for Base F and Base 

G (based on actual emissions). 

Actual Area 2018 - Base G 

State CO NH3 NOX PM10-PRI PM25-PRI SO2 VOC 

AL 59,626 71,915 25,028 445,256 62,323 50,264 153,577 

FL 53,903 40,432 30,708 578,516 72,454 38,317 489,975 

GA 93,827 99,885 41,332 880,199 123,704 59,729 319,328 

KY 54,865 55,211 44,346 256,052 47,645 44,186 103,490 

MS 22,099 69,910 4,483 375,495 53,222 746 140,134 

NC 290,809 180,866 43,865 315,294 71,262 6,085 189,591 

SC 83,167 33,496 20,592 304,251 44,319 13,457 161,228 

TN 68,809 36,291 19,597 246,252 46,692 31,962 182,222 

VA 121,690 50,175 56,158 275,351 46,697 109,380 150,919 

WV 28,773 11,504 14,828 121,549 21,490 12,849 60,747 

Base F 

AL 63,773 73,346 28,754 445,168 82,449 49,975 168,507 

FL 100,952 49,889 35,047 582,832 101,872 59,413 533,141 

GA 105,059 103,911 42,260 880,800 163,925 61,155 342,661 

KY 65,297 55,356 45,597 256,544 57,110 42,326 102,117 

MS 36,425 70,565 5,230 375,931 68,338 831 139,419 

NC 327,871 184,167 60,073 345,275 85,018 8,273 234,207 

SC 89,343 35,082 22,467 304,940 58,441 13,517 196,946 

TN 81,242 37,812 20,928 245,893 55,712 31,047 188,977 

VA 129,037 53,023 56,668 275,790 58,141 11,479 128,160 

WV 36,809 12,390 15,079 121,964 27,088 13,450 62,164 

Percentage Difference (negative values means Base G increased from Base F) 

AL 6.50% 1.95% 12.96% -0.02% 24.41% -0.58% 8.86% 

FL 46.61% 18.96% 12.38% 0.74% 28.88% 35.51% 8.10% 

GA 10.69% 3.87% 2.20% 0.07% 24.54% 2.33% 6.81% 

KY 15.98% 0.26% 2.74% 0.19% 16.57% -4.40% -1.34% 

MS 39.33% 0.93% 14.28% 0.12% 22.12% 10.19% -0.51% 

NC 11.30% 1.79% 26.98% 8.68% 16.18% 26.45% 19.05% 

SC 6.91% 4.52% 8.34% 0.23% 24.16% 0.44% 18.14% 

TN 15.30% 4.02% 6.36% -0.15% 16.19% -2.95% 3.57% 

VA 5.69% 5.37% 0.90% 0.16% 19.68% -852.83% -17.76% 

WV 21.83% 7.15% 1.66% 0.34% 20.66% 4.46% 2.28% 

2.2.3 Changes to Prescribed Fire for 2009/2018 Base G 

Just prior to release of version 3.1 of the VISTAS inventory. several Federal agencies indicated 

that they had plans for increased prescribed fire burning in future years and that the “typical” fire 

inventory would likely not adequately capture those increases (memo from Bill Jackson and 

Cindy Huber, August 13, 2004). However data were not readily available to incorporate those 

changes up through the Base F inventory. As a consequence MACTEC worked with Federal 

Land Managers to acquire the data necessary to provide 2009 and 2018 specific projections for 

the prescribed fire component of the Base G fire inventory. The 2009 and 2018 projections 

developed using the method described below are being used by VISTAS as the 2009 and 2018 

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base case inventories for all States except FL. For FL the supplied data from the FLMs is not 

being used as FL felt that their data adequately reflected current and future prescribed burning 

practices. The “typical” fire projection is the 2002 base prescribed fire projection. 

One of the biggest issues in preparing the projection was how best to incorporate the data. Two 

agencies submitted data: Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS) and Forest Service (FS). FWS 

submitted annual acreage data by National Wildlife Refuge (NWR) and county with estimates of 

acres burned per day for each NWR. FS provided fire-by-fire acreage estimates based on 

mapping projected burning acreage to current 2002 modeling days. However, FWS did not 

submit data for VISTAS original base year preparation process, thus there was no known FWS 

data in the 2002 actual or typical inventories. Thus MACTEC had to develop a method that 

could use the county level data submitted by FWS. 

In addition, despite the fact that the FS submitted fire-by-fire data for the 2002 actual inventory 

and had mapped the projections to current burn days in the 2002 actual inventory, MACTEC 

could not do a simple replacement of those records with the 2009/2018 projections. This 

situation was created because several VISTAS States run a prescribed fire permitting program. 

To avoid double counting, only State data was used in those States for the 2002 actual inventory. 

Thus there were no Federal data in those States since the Federal data could have potentially 

duplicated State-supplied prescribed fire data. In VISTAS States without permit programs, the 

FS supplied data for 2002 was used and those records were marked in database. Thus for those 

States, the FS supplied 2009/2018 data could be directly substituted for the 2002 data. 

The method used by MACTEC to include the FS data applied a county level data approach for 

FS data where a State had a prescribed fire permitting program and a fire-by-fire replacement for 

FS data in States without permit programs. MACTEC used a county level approach for all of the 

FWS data. The approach used for each data set is discussed below. 

For the FWS data MACTEC summed the annual acres burned supplied by the FWS across all 

NWRs in a county. We then subtracted out 2002 acreage for that county from the FWS projected 

acreage annual total to avoid double counting. The remaining acreage was then multiplied by 0.8 

to account for blackened acres instead of the total perimeter acres that were reported. The revised 

total additional FWS acreage was then added to the total county “typical” acreage to determine 

future acreage burned for either 2009 or 2018. MACTEC then allocated the increased acreage to 

current modeling days. The average daily acres burned data provided by FWS per NWR/county 

was used to allocate the acreage to the correct number of days required to burn all of the acres. 

Guidance supplied by FWS indicated that up to three times the average daily acres burned could 

potentially be allocated to any one day. Thus if the estimated acreage per day were 100 acres 

then up to 300 acres could actually be allocated to a particular day. This approach (use of up to 

three times the average daily acres burned) was used if there were an insufficient number of 2002 

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modeling days available to account for all of the acreage increase. MACTEC used an 

incremental approach to using the increase above the base average daily acres. First we used 

twice the average daily acreage if that was sufficient to completely allocate the increased acreage 

over the total number of days available. If that wasn’t sufficient then we used three times the 

average daily acres burned to allocate the acreage. We applied the highest increases to days in 

the database that already had the highest acreage burned since we felt those days were most 

likely to represent days with representative conditions for conducting prescribed burns. 

The approach used by MACTEC for the FS was slightly different. For States that had permit 

programs, we used similar approach to the FWS county level approach. First we summed the FS 

data at county level, we then added that value to the typical acreage and then we allocated the 

acres to current modeling days. The mapping to current modeling days was performed by Bill 

Jackson of the USFS and provided to MACTEC. For States that do not have a prescribed fire 

permit program, MACTEC simply replaced the current fire-by-fire records in the database with 

fire-by-fire records from the FS and recalculated emissions based on fuel model and fuel loading. 

We also applied the same 0.8 correction for blackened acres applied to all FS supplied acreage as 

the supplied values represented perimeter acres. 

An additional problem with developing year-specific prescribed fire projections was how to 

adequately capture the temporal profile for those fires. In the 2002 actual fire inventory, fires 

occur on same days as state/FLM records. In the 2002 “typical” year inventory, fire acreage 

increased or decreased from acreage on the same fire days as were in the 2002 actual inventory, 

since the acres were simply increased for each day based on a multiplier used to convert from 

actual to typical. 

When prescribed fires acreage was added to a future year, MACTEC added acreage to individual 

fire days proportional to the annual increase (if acreage on a day is 10 percent of annual, add 10 

percent of projected increase to that same day). 

The table below shows how the FWS data for Okefenokee NWR were allocated for 2009 for 

Clinch County (Okefenokee NWR is located in four different counties). You can see that the 

total additional acres for the Clinch County portion of Okefenokee NWR was 1,956 acres. Two 

hundred eighty (280) acres were the estimated average daily acres burned for that NWR/county 

combination. Thus to allocate the entire 1,956 acres would require almost 7 burn days (1,956 

divided by 280). However only 5 burn days were found for Clinch County in the 2002 actual fire 

database. Thus we allocated twice the average acreage to the burn day with the most acres 

burned in the 2002 actual fire database (since our method allowed us to increase the average 

daily acres burned up to three times the recommended level). Thus the first burn day received 

560 acres and all others received 280 except the final day which received 276 to make the total 

equal to the required 1,956 acres. The table also indicates that the increased acres burned 

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0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

14000

16000

1/1/2002

2/1/2002

3/1/2002

4/1/2002

5/1/2002

6/1/2002

7/1/2002

8/1/2002

9/1/2002

10/1/2002

11/1/2002

12/1/2002

Date of Fire Event

Acres

Typical

FWS Add

USFS Add

provided increases of from 10-48 percent in the acres burned on the individual burn days and an 

average of approximately 14 percent for the year as a whole. 

CLINCH COUNTY 3/1/2002 4/1/2002 2/1/2002 1/1/2002 11/1/2002 12/1/2002

Total 

Annual

Acres (typical) 3,757 2,612 1,996 1,801 616 472 11,764

Add on FWS Projection 560 280 280 280 280 276 1,956

Total 4,316 2,891 2,276 2,080 895 747 13,720

Percent Increase 14.9% 10.7% 14.0% 15.6% 45.5% 58.5% 14.3%

The figure below shows the increases for prescribed burning in the four counties that comprise 

the Okefenokee NWR area (which also includes FS land). In this figure you can see the 

additional acreage added for the burn days from FWS and the individual day increases caused by 

projected increases in prescribed burning based on FS data. It should be noted that while the 

emissions represent 2009, all fire event dates listed are for 2002 to match up with the base year 

meteorology used in modeling exercises. 

Table 2.2-4 shows the percentage difference between the 2009 and 2018 projections developed 

for Base F and Base G. Base G includes the revised prescribed burning estimates described 

above. Values are calculated using Base F as the basis for change, thus negative values imply an 

increase in emissions for Base G. 

Figure 2.2-1 Prescribed Fire Projection for Okeefenokee NWR for 2009 

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Table 2.2-4 Percentage Difference Between Base F and Base G Fire Emissions by State 

State CO NH3 NOX PM10-PRI PM25-PRI SO2 VOC CO NH3 NOX PM10-PRI PM25-PRI SO2 VOC 

2009 Fires Base G 2018 Fires Base G AL 534,873 2,050 11,901 52,851 46,543 2,681 27,502 535,658 2,054 11,918 52,927 46,608 2,686 27,539 FL 923,310 3,157 19,791 98,470 88,756 4,129 51,527 923,310 3,157 19,791 98,470 88,756 4,129 51,527 GA 637,177 2,229 14,243 63,973 57,116 2,914 34,710 637,177 2,229 14,243 63,973 57,116 2,914 34,710 KY 31,810 143 682 3,093 2,653 187 1,497 33,296 150 714 3,237 2,777 196 1,567 MS 48,160 217 1,033 4,683 4,016 283 2,266 50,037 225 1,073 4,865 4,173 294 2,355 NC 96,258 433 2,065 9,359 8,027 566 4,530 111,266 501 2,387 10,819 9,279 655 5,236 SC 282,307 1,039 5,899 29,153 25,955 1,359 16,045 282,307 1,039 5,899 29,153 25,955 1,359 16,045 TN 17,372 78 373 1,689 1,449 102 817 18,860 85 405 1,834 1,573 111 888 VA 21,130 95 453 2,054 1,762 124 994 26,923 121 578 2,618 2,245 158 1,267 WV 3,949 18 85 384 329 23 186 5,013 23 108 487 418 29 236 2009 Fires Base F 2018 Fires Base F AL 514,120 1,957 11,456 50,833 44,812 2,559 26,526 514,120 1,957 11,456 50,833 44,812 2,559 26,526 FL 923,310 3,157 19,791 98,470 88,756 4,129 51,527 923,310 3,157 19,791 98,470 88,756 4,129 51,527 GA 620,342 2,153 13,882 62,336 55,712 2,815 33,918 620,342 2,153 13,882 62,336 55,712 2,815 33,918 KY 56,686 110 1,460 6,667 6,310 136 3,338 56,686 110 1,460 6,667 6,310 136 3,338 MS 128,471 177 3,328 14,693 13,680 100 13,625 128,471 177 3,328 14,693 13,680 100 13,625 NC 200,564 324 5,005 20,488 19,491 423 12,499 200,564 324 5,005 20,488 19,491 423 12,499 SC 253,005 908 5,270 26,304 23,511 1,187 14,666 253,005 908 5,270 26,304 23,511 1,187 14,666 TN 78,370 46 2,232 8,875 8,730 59 5,153 78,370 46 2,232 8,875 8,730 59 5,153 VA 19,159 159 978 18,160 17,361 99 912 19,159 159 978 18,160 17,361 99 912 WV 32,656 12 944 3,276 3,239 16 2,184 32,656 12 944 3,276 3,239 16 2,184 Percentage Difference (negative number means an increase in Base G emissions) AL -4.04% -4.77% -3.89% -3.97% -3.86% -4.77% -3.68% -4.19% -4.95% -4.03% -4.12% -4.01% -4.95% -3.82% FL 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% GA -2.71% -3.52% -2.60% -2.63% -2.52% -3.52% -2.34% -2.71% -3.52% -2.60% -2.63% -2.52% -3.52% -2.34% KY 43.88% -29.52% 53.25% 53.61% 57.96% -37.90% 55.15% 41.26% -35.57% 51.07% 51.44% 56.00% -44.34% 53.06% MS 62.51% -22.07% 68.95% 68.13% 70.64% -183.85% 83.37% 61.05% -26.83% 67.74% 66.89% 69.50% -194.91% 82.72% NC 52.01% -33.75% 58.74% 54.32% 58.82% -33.75% 63.76% 44.52% -54.60% 52.31% 47.19% 52.40% -54.60% 58.11% SC -11.58% -14.52% -11.93% -10.83% -10.39% -14.52% -9.40% -11.58% -14.52% -11.93% -10.83% -10.39% -14.52% -9.40% TN 77.83% -69.40% 83.30% 80.97% 83.41% -74.42% 84.14% 75.93% -83.92% 81.87% 79.34% 81.98% -89.36% 82.78% VA -10.29% 40.36% 53.67% 88.69% 89.85% -25.40% -9.03% -40.53% 24.00% 40.97% 85.59% 87.07% -59.79% -38.93% WV 87.91% -48.65% 91.03% 88.28% 89.83% -49.46% 91.49% 84.65% -88.70% 88.61% 85.12% 87.09% -89.73% 89.20% 

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2.2.4 Quality Assurance steps 

Throughout the inventory development process, quality assurance steps were performed to 

ensure that no double counting of emissions occurred, to ensure that a full and complete 

inventory was developed for VISTAS, and to make sure that projection calculations were 

working correctly. Quality assurance was an important component to the inventory development 

process and MACTEC performed the following QA steps on the stationary and agricultural area 

source components of the 2009 and revised 2018 projection inventories: 

1. All final files were run through EPA’s Format and Content checking software. 

2. SCC level emission summaries were prepared and evaluated to ensure that emissions 

were consistent and that there were no missing sources. 

3. Tier comparisons (by pollutant) were developed between the 2002 base year 

inventory and the 2009 and 2018 projection inventories. In addition, total VISTAS 

pollutant summaries were prepared to compare total emissions by pollutant between 

versions of the inventory (e.g., between Base F and Base G). 

4. Data product summaries were provided to both the VISTAS Emission Inventory 

Technical Advisor and to the SIWG representatives for review and comment. 

Changes based on these comments were implemented in the files. 

5. Version numbering was used for all inventory files developed. The version 

numbering process used a decimal system to track major and minor changes. For 

example, a major change would result in a version going from 1.0 to 2.0. A minor 

change would cause a version number to go from 1.0 to 1.1. Minor changes resulting 

from largely editorial changes would result in a change from 1.00 to 1.01. 

2.3 Mobile Sources 

Our general approach for assembling data was to use as much existing data from the pre-Base F 

preliminary projections as possible for these inventories, supplement these data with easily 

available stakeholder input, and provide the results for stakeholder review to ensure credibility. 

To develop the “base case” projections, MACTEC originally assembled data to develop two 

2009 and 2018 base case inventories: 1) an inventory that included all “on-the-books” control 

programs and 2) an “on-the-way” inventory that included controls that were likely to be “on-theway”. For the Base F and Base G emission forecasts to the mobile source sector, “on-the-books” 

and “on-the-way” are defined with the same strategies and therefore only a single projection 

scenario was developed for each forecast year. 

To ensure consistency across evaluation years, the 2009 and 2018 base case inventories were 

developed, to the maximum extent practical, using methodologies identical to those employed in 

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developing the 2002 on-road portion of the revised 2002 VISTAS base year inventory. All 

modifications to the 2002 inventory methods were developed in consultation with the Mobile 

Source Special Interest Workgroup (MSSIWG). Generally, modifications were only made to 

properly account for actual changes expected in the intervening period (i.e., between 2002 and 

2009 and between 2002 and 2018), but the underlying inventory development methodology was 

identical, except to the extent requested by VISTAS or the MSSIWG. 

MACTEC developed a preliminary 2018 inventory in early 2004. That inventory was designed 

to 1) be used for modeling sensitivity evaluations and 2) help establish the methods that would 

be used for the final 2018 inventory and the initial 2009 inventory. Since that work took place 

prior to the revision of the 2002 base year inventory data files, MACTEC provided a review of 

the data and methods used to develop on-road mobile source input files for the initial 2002 base 

year inventory prior to developing the preliminary 2018 inventory. Through this review, 

MACTEC determined the following: 

• On-road VMT. Most States provided local data for 2002 (or a neighboring year that 

was converted to 2002 using appropriate VMT growth surrogates such as population). 

Since these data were not applicable to 2018 due to intervening growth, input for 

2018 was solicited from the MSSIWG. At the same time we researched countyspecific growth rate data utilized for recent national rulemakings as a backstop 

approach to State supplied VMT projections. 

• Modeling Temperatures. Actual 2002 temperatures were used for the initial 2002 base 

year inventory. 

• Vehicle Registration Mix (age fractions by type of vehicle). A mix of State, local, and 

MOBILE6 default data were used for the 2002 initial base year inventory. Forecast 

data were solicited from the States, with a fallback position that we hold the fractions 

constant at their 2002 values. 

• Vehicle Speed by Roadway Type. For the 2002 initial base year inventory, speeds 

varying by vehicle and road type were used. 

• VMT Mixes (fraction of VMT by vehicle type). A mix of State, local, and quasi 

MOBILE6 default (i.e., MOBILE6 defaults normalized to better reflect local 

conditions) data were used for the 2002 initial base year inventory. Forecast data were 

solicited from the States. 

• Diesel Sales Fractions. As with the VMT mix data, the diesel sales fraction data 

employed for the 2002 initial base year inventory represents a mix of State, local, and 

quasi MOBILE6 default data. The issues related to updating these data to 2018 are 

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also similar, but are complicated by the fact that MOBILE6 treats diesel sales fraction 

on a model year, rather than age specific basis. Therefore, diesel sales fractions 

generally cannot be held constant across time. Once again, we solicited any local 

projections, with a fallback position that we would keep the data for 2002 and earlier 

model years constant for the forecast inventory, supplemented with MOBILE6 

default data for 2003 and newer model years. 

• State/Local Fuel Standards. For the 2002 initial base year inventory, these data were 

based on appropriate local requirements and updated data for 2018 was only required 

if changes were expected between 2002 and 2018. There are some national changes in 

required fuel quality for both on-road and non-road fuels that are expected to occur 

between 2002 and 2018 and these would be reflected in the 2018 inventory in the 

absence of more stringent local fuel controls. Expected changes in local fuel control 

programs were solicited. 

• Vehicle Standards. The 2002 initial base year inventory assumed NLEV applicability. 

This was altered to reflect Tier 2 for 2018, unless a State indicated a specific plan to 

adopt the California LEV II program. If so, we made the required changes to 

implement those plans for the preliminary 2018 inventory. 

• Other Local Controls. This includes vehicle emissions inspection (i.e., I/M) programs, 

Stage II vapor recovery programs, anti tampering programs, etc. By nature, the 

assumptions used for the 2002 initial base year inventory vary across the VISTAS 

region, but our presumption is that these data accurately reflected each State’s 

situation as it existed in 2002. If a State had no plans to change program requirements 

between 2002 and 2018, we proposed to maintain the 2002 program descriptions 

without change. However, if a State planned changes, we requested information on 

those plans. In the final implementation of the Base F and earlier inventories, Stage II 

controls were exercised in the area source component of the inventory, since the units 

used to develop Stage II refueling estimates are different between MOBILE6 and the 

NONROAD models. However, in the Base G inventories, Stage II refueling was 

moved to the on-road and non-road sectors. 

Once the preliminary 2018 (pre-Base F) base case projection inventory data were compiled, 

MACTEC applied the data and methods selected and proceeded to develop the preliminary (prebase F) base case 2018 projection inventories. The resulting inventories were provided to the 

MSSIWG in a user-friendly format for review. After stakeholder review and comment, the final 

preliminary 2018 base case inventories and input files were provided to VISTAS in formats 

identified by the VISTAS Technical Advisor (in this case, MOBILE input files and VMT, 

NONROAD input files and annual inventory files for NONROAD in NIF 3.0 format). Annual 

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inventory files for MOBILE were not developed as part of this work, only input files and VMT 

forecasts. MOBILE emissions were calculated by VISTAS air quality modeling contractor using 

the provided files. 

2.3.1 Development of on-road mobile source input files 

As indicated above, MACTEC prepared a preliminary version of the 2018 base case mobile 

inventory input data files. These files were then updated to provide a final set of 2018 base case 

inventory input data files as well as a set of input files for 2009. The information below describes 

the updates performed on the preliminary 2018 files and the development of the 2009 input 

data files for Base F emission estimation. 

Our default approach to preparing the revised 2018 and initial 2009 projection inventories for onroad mobile sources was to estimate the emissions by using either: 

1. the revised 2002 data provided by each State coupled with the projection methods 

employed for the preliminary 2018 inventory, or 

2. the same data and methods used to generate the preliminary 2018 inventory. 

We also investigated whether or not there was more recent VMT forecasting data available (e.g., 

from the CAIR and if appropriate revised the default VMT growth rates accordingly. This did 

not affect any State that provided local VMT forecasting data, but would alter the VMT 

estimates used for other areas. 

Since no preliminary 2009 inventory was developed there did not exist an option (2) above for 

2009. As a consequence, MACTEC crafted the 2009 initial inventory for on-road mobile sources 

using methods identical to those employed for the 2018 preliminary inventories coupled with any 

changes/revisions provided by the States during the review of the revised 2002 base year and the 

2018 preliminary inventories. Therefore, as was the case for 2018, we obtained from the States 

any input data revisions, methodological revisions, and local control program specifications (to 

the extent that they differed from 2002/2018). 

2.3.1.1 Preparation of revised 2018 input data files 

Preparation of the revised 2018 inventories required the following updates: 

1. The evaluation year was updated to 2018 in all files. 

2. The diesel fuel sulfur content was revised from 500 ppm to 11 ppm, consistent with 

EPA data for 2018 in all files. 

3. Since the input data is model year, rather than age, specific for diesel sales fractions 

(with data for the newest 25 model years required), we updated all files that included 

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diesel sales fractions. In the revised 2002 base year files, the data included applied to 

model years 1978-2002. For 2018, the data included would reflect model years 1994-

2018. To forecast the 2002 data, MACTEC took the data for 1994-2002 from the 

2002 files and added data for 2003-2018. To estimate the data for these years, we 

employed the assumption employed by "default" in MOBILE6 -- namely that diesel 

sales fractions for 1996 and later are constant. Therefore, we set the diesel sales 

fractions for 2003-2018 at the same value as 2002. 

4. VMT mix fractions must be updated to reflect expected changes in sales patterns 

between 2002 and 2018. If explicit VMT mix fractions are not provided, these 

changes are handled internally by MOBILE6 or externally through absolute VMT 

distributions. However, files that include explicit VMT mix fractions override the 

default MOBILE6 update and may or may not be consistent with external VMT 

distributions. MACTEC updated the VMT mix in such files as follows: 

First, we calculated the VMT fractions for LDV, LDT1, LDT2, HDV, and MC 

from the external VMT files for 2018. This calculation was performed in 

accordance with section 5.3.2 of the MOBILE6 Users Guide which indicates: 

LDV = LDGV + LDDV 

LDT1 = LDGT1 + LDDT 

LDT2 = LDGT2 

HDV = HDGV + HDDV 

MC = MC 

The resulting five VMT fractions were then split into the 16 fractions required by 

MOBILE6 using the distributions for 2018 provided in Appendix D of the 

MOBILE6 Users Guide. This approach ensures that explicit input file VMT 

fractions are consistent with the absolute VMT distributions prepared by 

MACTEC. These changes were made to all files that included VMT mixes. 

5. All other input data were retained at 2002 values, except as otherwise instructed by 

the States. This includes all control program descriptions (I/M, Anti-Tampering 

Program [ATP], Stage II, etc.), all other fuel qualities (RVP, oxy content, etc.), all 

other vehicle descriptive data (registrations age distributions, etc.), and all scenario 

descriptive data. The State-specific updates performed are described below. 

Kentucky:

MACTEC revised the 2018 input files for the Louisville, Kentucky area (Louisville Air Pollution 

Control District [APCD]) based on comments received relative to several components of 

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MOBILE input data. Based on these comments, the input files for Jefferson County, Kentucky 

were updated accordingly as follows: 

a) I/M and tampering program definitions were removed since the program was 

discontinued at the end of 2003. 

b) The "Speed VMT", "Facility VMT" and "Registration Age Distribution" file pointers 

were updated to reflect revised 2002 files provided by the Louisville APCD. 

c) The "VMT Mix" data, which was previously based on the default approach of 

"growing" 2002 data, was replaced by 2018-specific data provided by the Louisville 

APCD. 

North Carolina:

North Carolina provided a wide range of revised input data, including complete MOBILE6 input 

files for July modeling. MACTEC did not use the provided input files directly as they did not 

match the 2002 NC input files for critical elements such as temperature distributions and 

gasoline RVP (while they were close, they were slightly different). To maintain continuity 

between 2002 and 2018 modeling, MACTEC instead elected to revise the 2002 input files to 

reflect all control program and vehicle-related changes implied by the new 2018 files, while 

retaining the basic temperature and gasoline RVP assumptions at their 2002 values. Under this 

approach, the following changes were made: 

a) NC provided a county cross reference file specific to 2018 that differed from that 

used for 2002. We removed files that were referenced in the 2002 input data and 

replaced those files with those referenced in the 2018 data. In addition, since NC only 

provided 2018 input files for July, we estimated the basic data for these new files for 

the other months by cross referencing the target files for 2002 by county against the 

target files for 2018 by county. 

b) We then revised the 2002 version of each input file to reflect the 2018 "header" data 

included in the NC-provided 2018 files. These data are exclusively limited to I/M and 

ATP program descriptions, so that the 2002 I/M and ATP data were replaced with 

2018 I/M and ATP data. 

c) We retained the registration age fractions at their 2002 "values" (external file 

pointers) as per NC instructions. 

d) We retained all scenario-specific data (i.e., temperatures, RVP, etc.) at 2002 values, 

which (as indicated above), were slightly different in most cases from data included 

in the 2018 files provided by NC. We believe these differences were due to small 

deviations between the data assembled to support VISTAS 2002 and the process used 

to generate the 2018 files provided by NC, and that revising the VISTAS 2002 data to 

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reflect these variations was not appropriate given the resulting inconsistencies that 

would be reflected between VISTAS 2002 and VISTAS 2018. 

e) NC also provided non-I/M versions of the 2018 input files that would generally be 

used to model the non-I/M portion of VMT. While these files were retained they were 

not used for the 2018 input data preparation. 

Finally, NC also provided a speed profile file and a speed profile cross reference file for 2018. 

We did not use these in our updates as they have no bearing on the MOBILE6 input files, but 

they were maintained in case they needed to be included in SMOKE control files for a future 

year control strategy scenario. 

Virginia:

In accordance with instructions from VA, the input files that referenced an external I/M 

descriptive program file (VAIM02.IM) were revised to reference an alternative external file 

(VAIM05.IM). This change was to make the I/M program more relevant to the year 2018. 

One additional important difference was made with respect to the revised 2018 and initial 2009 

on-road mobile source input data files for all States. MACTEC developed updated SMOKE 

ready input files rather than MOBILE6 files so that the input data could be used directly by the 

VISTAS modeling contractor to estimate on-road mobile source emissions during modeling runs. 

2.3.1.2 Preparation of initial 2009 input data files 

The methodology used to develop the 2009 on-road input files was based on forecasting the 

previously developed revised 2002 base year input files and is identical to that previously 

described for the revised 2018 methodology except as follows: 

1. The evaluation year was updated to 2009. 

2. Diesel fuel sulfur content was revised from 500 ppm to 29 ppm. The 29 ppm value 

was derived from an EPA report entitled "Summary and Analysis of the Highway 

Diesel Fuel 2003 Pre-compliance Reports" (EPA420-R-03-013, October 2003), 

which includes the Agency's estimates for the year-to-year fuel volumes associated 

with the transition from 500 ppm to 15 ppm diesel fuel. According to Table 2 of the 

report, there will be 2,922,284 barrels per day of 15 ppm diesel distributed in 2009 

along with 110,488 barrels per day of 500 ppm diesel. Treating the 15 ppm diesel as 

11 ppm on average (consistent with EPA assumptions and assumptions employed for 

the 2018 input files) and sales weighting the two sulfur content fuels results in an 

average 2009 diesel fuel sulfur content estimate of 29 ppm. 

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3. Diesel sales fractions were updated identically to 2018 except that the diesel sales 

fractions for 2003-2009 were set at the same value as those for 2002 (rather than 

2003-2018). 

4. VMT mix fractions were updated to 2009 using an identical method to that described 

for 2018. 

5. All other input data were retained at 2002 values, except as otherwise instructed by 

individual States (see below). This includes all control program descriptions (I/M, 

ATP, Stage II, etc.), all other fuel qualities (RVP, oxy content, etc.), all other vehicle 

descriptive data (registration age distributions, etc.), and all scenario descriptive data. 

In addition to the updates described above that were applied to all VISTAS-region inputs, the 

following additional State-specific updates were performed: 

KY – Identical changes to those made for 2018 (but specific to 2009) were made for the 

2009 input files. 

NC – Identical changes to those made for 2018 (but specific to 2009) were made for the 2009 

input files. 

VA – Identical changes to those made for 2018 were made for 2009. 

2.3.2 VMT Data 

The basic methodology used to generate the 2009 and 2018 VMT for use in estimating on-road 

mobile source emissions was as follows: 

1. All estimates start from the final VMT estimates used for the 2002 revised base year 

inventory. 

2. Initial 2009 and 2018 VMT estimates were based on linear growth rates for each State, 

county, and vehicle type as derived from the VMT data assembled by the U.S. EPA for 

their most recent HDD (heavy duty diesel) rulemaking. The methodology used to derive 

the growth factors is identical to that employed for the preliminary 2018 VMT estimates 

(which is described in the next section). 

3. For States that provided no independent forecast data, the estimates derived in step 2 are 

also the final estimates. These States are: Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, 

Mississippi, and West Virginia. For States that provided forecast data, the provided data 

were used to either replace or augment the forecast data based on the HDD rule. These 

States, and the specific approaches employed, are detailed following the growth method 

description. 

The steps involved in performing the growth estimates for VMT were as follows: 

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1. Linear growth estimates were used (although MACTEC investigated the potential use of 

nonlinear factors and presented that information to the MSSIWG, the decision was made 

to use linear growth factors instead of nonlinear). 

2. Estimates were developed at the vehicle class (i.e., LDGV, LDGT1, LDGT2, etc.) level 

of detail since the base year 2002 estimates were presented at that level of resolution. In 

effect, the county and vehicle class specific growth factors were applied to the 2002 

VMT estimates for each vehicle and road class. 

3. Overall county-specific VMT estimates for each year (developed by summing the vehicle 

and road class specific forecasts) were then compared to overall county-specific growth. 

Since overall county growth is a more appropriate controlling factor as it includes the 

combined impacts of all vehicle classes, the initial year-specific vehicle and road class 

VMT forecasts were normalized so that they matched the overall county VMT growth. 

Mathematically, this process is as follows: 

(Est_rv_f) = (Est_rv_i) * (C_20XX / Sum(Est_rv_i)) 

where: 

Est_rv_f = the final road/vehicle class-specific estimates, 

Est_rv_i = the initial road/vehicle class-specific estimates, and 

C_20XX = the county-specific growth target for year 20XX. 

Table 2.3-1 presents a basic summary of the forecasts for the preliminary 2018 inventory for 

illustrative purposes: 

Table 2.3-1 2002 versus 2018 VMT (million miles per year) 

State 2002 2018 Growth Factor 

Alabama 55,723 72,966 1.309 

Florida 178,681 258,191 1.445 

Georgia 106,785 148,269 1.388 

Kentucky 51,020 66,300 1.299 

Mississippi 36,278 46,996 1.295 

North Carolina 80,166 110,365 1.377 

South Carolina 47,074 63,880 1.357 

Tennessee 68,316 91,647 1.342 

Virginia 76,566 102,971 1.345 

West Virginia 19,544 24,891 1.274 

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The following States provided some types of forecast data for VMT. The information presented 

below indicates how those data were processed by MACTEC for use in the VISTAS projection 

inventories. 

Kentucky: 

Revised 2009 and 2018 VMT mix data were provided by the Louisville APCD. Therefore, the 

distribution of Jefferson County VMT by vehicle type within the KY VMT file was revised to 

reflect the provided mix. This did not affect the total forecasted VMT for either Jefferson County 

or the State, but does alter the fraction of that VMT accumulated by each of the eight vehicle 

types reflected in the VMT file. The following procedure was employed to make the 

VMT estimates consistent with the provided 2009/2018 VMT mix: 

a) The 16 MOBILE6 VMT mix fractions were aggregated into the following five vehicle 

types: LDV, LDT1, LDT2, HDV, and MC. 

b) The 8 VMT mileage classes were aggregated into the same five vehicle types (across all 

roadway types) and converted to fractions by normalizing against the total Jefferson 

County VMT. 

c) The ratio of the "desired" VMT fraction (i.e., that provided in the Louisville APCD VMT 

mix) to the "forecasted" VMT fraction (i.e., that calculated on the basis of the forecasted 

VMT data) was calculated for each of the five vehicle classes. 

d) All forecasted VMT data for Jefferson County were multiplied by the applicable ratio 

from step c as follows: 

new LDGV = old LDGV * LDV ratio 

new LDGT1 = old LDGT1 * LDT1 ratio 

new LDGT2 = old LDGT2 * LDT2 ratio 

new HDGV = old HDGV * HDV ratio 

new LDDV = old LDDV * LDV ratio 

new LDDT = old LDDT * LDT1 ratio 

new HDDV = old HDDV * HDV ratio 

new MC = old MC * MC ratio 

The total forecasted VMT for Jefferson County was then checked to ensure that it was 

unchanged. 

North Carolina: 

North Carolina provided both VMT and VMT mix data by county and roadway type for 2018. 

Therefore, these data replaced the data developed for North Carolina using HDD rule growth 

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rates in their entirety. Similar data were submitted for 2009. Table 2.3-2 presents the resulting 

VMT estimates which differ from the "default" HDD rule estimates as follows: 

Table 2.3-2 VMT and HDD Rule Estimates for North Carolina (million miles per year) 

North Carolina 

2002 106,795 

State Data HDD Data 

2009 123,396 124,626 

2018 129,552 146,989 

As indicated, there are substantial reductions in the State-provided forecast data relative to that 

derived from the HDD rule. The growth rates for both 2009 and 2018 are only about half that 

implied by the HDD data (1.15 versus 1.17 for 2009 and 1.21 versus 1.38 for 2018). The 

resulting growth rates are the lowest in the VISTAS region. 

NC did not provide VMT mix data for 2009. Therefore, the VMT mix fractions estimated using 

the "default" HDD rule growth rates were applied to the State-provided VMT estimates to 

generate vehicle-specific VMT. Essentially, the default HDD methodology produces VMT 

estimates at the county-road type-vehicle type level of detail, and these data can be converted 

into VMT fractions at that same level of detail. Note that these are not HDD VMT fractions, but 

VMT fractions developed from 2002 NC data using HDD vehicle-specific growth rates. In 

effect, they are 2002 NC VMT fractions "grown" to 2009. 

The default VMT mix fraction was applied to the State-provided VMT data at the county and 

road type level of detail to generate VMT data at the county-road type-vehicle type level of 

detail. The one exception was for county 063, road 110, for which no VMT data were included in 

the HDD rule. For this single county/road combination, State-aggregate VMT mix fractions 

(using the HDD growth methodology) were applied to the county/road VMT data. The difference 

between road 110 VMT fractions across all NC counties is minimal, so there is no effective 

difference in utilizing this more aggregate approach vis-à-vis the more resolved county/road 

approach. 

South Carolina: 

South Carolina provided county and roadway type-specific VMT data for several future years. 

Data for 2018 was included and was used directly. Data for 2009 was not included, but was 

linearly interpolated from data provided for 2007 and 2010. The data were disaggregated into 

vehicle type-specific VMT using the VMT mixes developed for South Carolina using the HDD 

rule VMT growth rates. Table 2.3-3 presents the resulting VMT estimates which differ from the 

"default" HDD rule estimates as follows: 

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Table 2.3-3 VMT and HDD Rule Estimates for South Carolina (million miles per year) 

South Carolina 

2002 47,074 

State Data HDD Data 

2009 55,147 54,543 

2018 65,133 63,880 

Tennessee: 

In general, Tennessee estimates are based on the HDD rule growth rate as described in step two. 

However, Knox County provided independent VMT estimates for 2018 and these were used in 

place of the HDD rule-derived estimates. The Knox County estimates were total county VMT 

data only, so these were disaggregated into roadway and vehicle-type VMT using the 

distributions developed for Knox County in step two using the HDD rule VMT growth rates. No 

data for Knox County were provided for 2009, so the estimates derived using the HDD rule 

growth factors were adjusted by the ratio of "Knox County provided 2018 VMT" to "Knox 

County HDD Rule-derived 2018 VMT." Table 2.3-4 presents the resulting VMT estimates 

which differ from the "default" HDD rule estimates as follows: 

Table 2.3-4 VMT and HDD Rule Estimates for Tennessee (million miles per year) 

Tennessee 

2002 68,316 

State Data HDD Data 

2009 78,615 78,813 

2018 91,417 91,647 

Virginia: 

Virginia provided county and roadway type-specific annual VMT growth rates and these data 

were applied to Virginia -provided VMT data for 2002 to estimate VMT in both 2009 and 2018. 

Virginia provided VMT mix data for 2002, but not 2009 or 2018. Therefore, the estimated VMT 

data for both 2009 and 2018 were disaggregated into vehicle type-specific VMT using the VMT 

mixes developed for VA using the HDD rule VMT growth rates. Table 2.3-5 presents the 

resulting VMT estimates which differ from the "default" HDD rule estimates as follows: 

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Table 2.3-5 VMT and HDD Rule Estimates for Virginia (million miles per year) 

Virginia 

2002 77,472 

State Data HDD Data 

2009 88,419 89,196 

2018 104,944 104,164 

2.3.3 Base G Revisions 

For the development of the VISTAS 2009 and 2018 Base G inventories and input files, VISTAS 

states reviewed the Base F inputs, and provided corrections, updates and supplemental data as 

noted below. 

For all states modeled, the Base G updates include: 

• Adding Stage II refueling emissions calculations to the SMOKE processing. 

• Revised the HDD compliance. (REBUILD EFFECTS = .1) 

• Revised Diesel sulfur values in 2009 to 43 ppm and 2018 to 11 ppm 

In addition to the global changes, individual VISTAS states made the following updates: 

KY – updated VMT and M6 input values for selected counties 

NC – revised VMT estimates, speeds and vehicle distributions and updated registration 

distributions for Mobile 6. 

TN - revised VMT and vehicle registration distributions for selected counties. 

WV – revised VMT input data 

AL, FL, and GA and VA did not provide updates for 2009/2018 Base G, and the Base F inputs 

were used for these States. 

2.3.4 Development of non-road emission estimates 

The sections that follow describe the projection process used to develop 2009 and 2018 non-road 

projection estimates, as revised through the spring of 2006, for sources found in the NONROAD 

model and those sources estimated outside of the model (locomotives, airplanes and commercial 

marine vessels). 

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2.3.4.1 NONROAD model sources 

NONROAD model input files were prepared in both the fall of 2004 (Base F) and the spring of 

2006 (Base G) based on the corresponding 2002 base year inventory input files available at the 

time the forecasts were developed, with appropriate updates for the projection years. Generally, 

this means that the Base F 2002 base year input files (as updated through the fall of 2004) were 

used as the basis for Base F projection year input file development and Base G 2002 base year 

input files as updated through the spring of 2006 were used as the basis for Base G projection 

year input file development. Thus, all base year revisions are inherently incorporated into the 

associated projection year revisions. Other specific updates for the projection years for 

NONROAD model sources consist of: 

1. Revise the emission inventory year in the model (as well as various output file naming 

commands) to be reflective of the projection year. 

2. Revise the fuel sulfur content for gasoline and diesel powered equipment. 

3. Implement a limited number of local control program charges (national control program 

changes are handled internally within the NONROAD model, so explicit input file changes 

are not required). 

All equipment population growth and fleet turnover impacts are also handled internally within 

the NONROAD model, so that explicit changes input file changes are not required. 

Base F Input File Changes: 

To correctly account for diesel fuel sulfur content differences between the base and projection 

years, two sets of input and output files were prepared for each forecast year, one set for landbased equipment and one set for marine equipment. This two-step projection process was 

required for Base F, because diesel fuel sulfur contents varied between land-based and 

marine-based non-road equipment and the Draft NONROAD2004 used for Base F allowed only 

a single diesel fuel sulfur input. Thus, the model was executed separately for land-based and 

marine-based equipment for Base F, and the associated outputs subsequently combined. The 

specific diesel fuel sulfur contents modeled were as follows: 

Diesel S (ppm) 2002 2009 2018 

 Land-Based 2500 348 11 

 Marine-Based 2500 408 56 

As indicated, the Draft NONROAD2004 model was run with both sets of input files and the 

output file results were then combined to produce a single NONROAD output set. 

To correctly account for the national reduction in gasoline sulfur content (a national control not 

explicitly handled by the NONROAD model), all NONROAD input files for both 2009 and 2018 

were revised to reflect a gasoline fuel sulfur content of 30 ppmW. 

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Base G Input File Changes: 

With the release of Final NONROAD2005 that was used for the Base G projection year 

inventory development, the NONROAD model is capable of handling separate diesel fuel sulfur 

inputs for land-based and marine-based non-road equipment in a single model execution. 

Therefore, the two step modeling process described above for Base F updates was no longer 

required. Instead, the differential diesel fuel sulfur values are assembled into a single 

NONROAD input file as follows: 

Diesel S (ppm) 2002 2009 2018 

 Land-Based 2500 348 11 

 Marine-Based 2638 408 56 

Additionally, revised gasoline vapor pressure data were provided by Georgia regulators for 20 

counties5

 where reduced volatility requirements were established in 2003. Since this requirement 

began after the 2002 base year, the vapor pressure values in the base year input files for these 

counties are not correct for either the 2009 or 2018 forecast years. Therefore, to correctly 

forecast emissions in these counties, the forecast year gasoline vapor pressure inputs were 

revised to: 

Gasoline RVP (psi) 2002 2009 2018 

 Spring 9.87 9.2 9.2 

 Summer 9.0 7.0 7.0 

 Fall 9.87 9.2 9.2 

 Winter 12.5 12.5 12.5 

The summer vapor pressure was simply set equal to the 2003 control value, while the spring and 

fall vapor pressures were adjusted to reflect a single month of the reduced volatility limit. The 

winter volatility was assumed to be unaffected by the summertime control requirement. 

2.3.4.1.1 Differences between 2009/2018 

Other than diesel fuel sulfur content and the year of the projections, there are no differences in 

the methodology used to estimate emissions from NONROAD model sources. As indicated 

above, however the Base F 2009/2018 projections were developed using Draft NONROAD2004, 

while the Base G 2009/2018 projections were made using Final NONROAD2005. 

 

5

 The specific counties are: Banks, Chattooga, Clarke, Floyd, Gordon, Heard, Jasper, Jones, Lamar, Lumpkin, 

Madison, Meriwether, Monroe, Morgan, Oconee, Pike, Polk, Putnam, Troup, and Upson. 

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2.3.4.2 Non-NONROAD model sources 

Using the 2002 base year emissions inventory for aircraft, locomotives, and commercial marine 

vessels (CMV) prepared as described earlier in this document, corresponding emission 

projections for 2009 and 2018 were developed in both the fall of 2004 (Base F) and the spring of 

2006 (Base G). This section describes the procedures employed in developing those inventories. 

The information presented is intended to build off of that presented in the section describing the 

2002 Base F base year inventory. It should be recognized that for both the Base F and Base G 

inventories, the base year inventory used to develop the emission forecasts was the latest 

available at the time of forecast development. Generally, this means that the 2002 base year 

inventory as updated through the fall of 2004 was used as the basis for the Base F projection year 

inventory development, and the Base F 2002 base year inventory was used as the basis for Base 

G projection year inventory development. Thus, all base year revisions (as described earlier in 

this document) are inherently incorporated into the associated projection year revisions. 

Base F Revisions: 

Table 2.3-6 shows the 2002 base year emissions for each State in the VISTAS region for aircraft, 

locomotives and CMV (as they existed prior to Base F development). 

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Table 2.3-6. Pre-Base F 2002 Aircraft, Locomotive, and Non-Recreational 

Marine Emissions 

(annual tons, as of the fall of 2004)

Source State CO NOx PM10 PM2.5 SO2 VOC 

AL 3,787 175 226 87 17 196 

FL 25,431 8,891 2,424 2,375 800 3,658 

GA 6,620 5,372 1,475 1,446 451 443 

KY 2,666 657 179 175 63 263 

MS 1,593 140 44 43 13 96 

NC 6,088 1,548 419 411 148 613 

SC 6,505 515 409 401 88 863 

TN 7,251 2,766 734 719 235 943 

VA 9,763 2,756 1,137 1,115 786 2,529 

WV 1,178 78 25 24 8 66 

Aircraft 

(2275) 

Total 70,882 22,899 7,072 6,797 2,607 9,670 

AL 1,196 9,218 917 844 3,337 737 

FL 5,888 44,817 1,936 1,781 6,683 1,409 

GA 1,038 7,875 334 307 1,173 246 

KY 6,607 50,267 2,246 2,066 9,608 1,569 

MS 5,688 43,233 1,903 1,751 7,719 1,351 

NC 599 4,547 193 178 690 142 

SC 1,067 8,100 343 316 1,205 253 

TN 3,624 27,555 1,217 1,120 4,974 860 

VA 972 2,775 334 307 359 483 

WV 1,528 11,586 487 448 525 362 

Commercial 

Marine 

(2280) 

Total 28,207 209,972 9,911 9,118 36,275 7,413 

Military Marine VA 110 313 25 23 27 48 

(2283) Total 110 313 25 23 27 48 

AL 3,490 26,339 592 533 1,446 1,354 

FL 1,006 9,969 247 222 605 404 

GA 2,654 26,733 664 598 1,622 1,059 

KY 2,166 21,811 542 488 1,321 867 

MS 2,302 23,267 578 520 1,429 899 

NC 1,638 16,502 410 369 1,001 654 

SC 1,160 11,690 291 261 710 462 

TN 2,626 25,627 633 570 1,439 1,041 

VA 1,186 11,882 1,529 1,375 3,641 492 

WV 1,311 13,224 329 296 808 517 

Locomotives 

(2285) 

Total 19,540 187,044 5,815 5,232 14,022 7,750 

Grand Total 118,739 420,228 22,823 21,170 52,931 24,881 

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Although some of the data utilized was updated, the methodology used to develop the Base F 

2009 and 2018 emissions forecasts for aircraft, locomotives, and CMV is identical to that used 

earlier to develop preliminary 2018 Base 1 (“On the Books”) and 2018 Base 2 (“On the Way”) 

inventories. Briefly, the methodology relies on growth and control factors developed from 

inventories used in support of recent EPA rulemakings, and consists of the following steps: 

(a) Begin with the 2002 base year emission estimates for aircraft, locomotive, and CMV as 

described above (at the State-county-SCC-pollutant level of detail). 

(b) Detailed inventory data (both before and after controls) for these same emission sources 

for 1996, 2010, 2015, and 2020 were obtained from the EPA's Clean Air Interstate Rule 

(CAIR) Technical Support Document (which can be found at 

http://www.epa.gov/cair/pdfs/finaltech01.pdf). Using these data, combined growth and 

control factors for the period 2002-2009 and 2002-2018 were estimated using straight 

line interpolation between 1996 and 2010 (for 2009) and 2015 and 2020 (for 2018). This 

is done at the State-county-SCC-pollutant level of detail. 

(c) The EPA growth and control data are matched against the 2002 VISTAS base year data 

using State-county-SCC-pollutant as the match key. Ideally, there would be a one-to-one 

match and the process would end at this point. Unfortunately, actual match results were 

not always ideal, so additional matching criteria were required. For subsequent reference, 

this initial (highest resolution) matching criterion is denoted as the “CAIR-Primary” 

criterion. 

(d) A second matching criterion is applied that utilizes a similar, but higher-level SCC (lower 

resolution) matching approach. For example, SCC 2275020000 (commercial aircraft) in 

the 2002 base year inventory data would be matched with SCC 2275000000 (all aircraft) 

in the CAIR data. This criterion is applied to records in the 2002 base year emissions file 

that are not matched using the “CAIR-Primary” criterion, and is also performed at the 

State-county-SCC-pollutant level of detail. For subsequent reference, this is denoted as 

the “CAIR-Secondary” criterion. At the end of this process, a number of unmatched 

records remained, so a third level matching criterion was required. 

(e) In the third matching step, the most frequently used SCC in the EPA CAIR files for each 

of the aircraft, locomotive, and commercial marine sectors was averaged at the State level 

to produce a “default” State and pollutant-specific growth and control factor for the 

sector. The resulting factor is used as a “default” growth factor for all unmatched 

county-SCC-pollutant level data in each State. In effect, State-specific growth data are 

applied to county level data for which an explicit match between the VISTAS 2002 base 

year data and EPA CAIR data could not be developed. The default growth and control 

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SCCs are 2275020000 (commercial aircraft) for the aircraft sector, 2280002000 

(commercial marine diesel total) for the CMV sector, and 2285002000 (railroad 

equipment diesel total) for the locomotive sector. Matches made using this criterion are 

denoted as “CAIR-Tertiary” matches. 

(f) According to EPA documentation, the CAIR baseline emissions include the impacts of 

the (then proposed) Tier 4 (T4) non-road diesel rulemaking, which implements a low 

sulfur fuel requirement that affects both future CMV and locomotive emissions. 

However, the impacts of this rule were originally intended to be excluded from the initial 

VISTAS 2018 forecast, which was to include only “on-the-books” controls. (The T4 rule 

was finalized subsequent to the development of the preliminary 2018 inventory in March 

of 2004.) Given its final status, T4 impacts were moved into the “on the books” 

inventory for non-road equipment. In addition, since there are no other proposed rules 

affecting the non-road sector between 2002 and 2018, there is no difference between the 

2018 “on the books” and 2018 “on the way” inventories for the sector; so that only a 

single forecast inventory (for each evaluation year) was developed. Nevertheless, since 

the algorithms developed to produce the VISTAS forecasts were developed when there 

was a distinction between the “on the books” and “on the way” inventories, the distinct 

algorithms used to produce the two inventories have been maintained even though the 

conceptual distinctions have been lost. This approach was taken for two reasons. First, it 

allowed the previously developed algorithms to be utilized without change. Second, it 

allowed for separate treatment of the T4 emissions impact which was important as those 

impacts changed between the proposed and final T4 rules. Thus, previous EPA 

inventories that include the proposed T4 impacts would not be accurate. Therefore, the 

procedural discussion continues to reflect the distinctions between non-T4 and T4 

emissions, as these distinctions continue to be intrinsically important to the forecasting 

process. Therefore, a second set of EPA CAIR files that excluded the Tier 4 diesel 

impacts was obtained and the same matching exercise described above in steps (b) 

through (e) was performed using these “No T4” files. It is important to note that the 

matching exercise described in steps (b) through (e) cannot simply be replaced because 

the “No T4” files obtained from the EPA include only those SCCs specifically affected 

by the T4 rule (i.e., diesel CMV and locomotives). So in effect, the matching exercise 

was augmented (rather than replaced) with an additional three criteria analogous to those 

described in steps (c) through (e), and these are denoted as the “No T4-Primary,” “No 

T4-Secondary,” and “No T4-Tertiary” criteria. Because they exclude the impacts of the 

proposed T4 rule, matches using the “No T4” criteria supersede matches made using the 

basic CAIR criteria (as described in steps (c) through (e) above). 

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(g) The CAIR matching criteria were overridden for any record for which States provided 

local growth data. Only North Carolina provided these forecasts, as that State has 

provided specific growth factors for airport emissions in four counties. Because the 

provided data were based on forecasted changes in landings and takeoffs at major North 

Carolina airports, the factors were applied only to commercial (SCC 2275020000) and air 

taxi (SCC 2275060000) emissions. Emissions forecasts for military and general aviation 

aircraft operations, as well as all aircraft operations in counties other than the four 

identified in the North Carolina growth factor submission, continued to utilize the growth 

factors developed according to steps (b) through (f) above. Table 2.3-7 presents the 

locally generated growth factors applied in North Carolina. 

Table 2.3-7 Locally Generated Growth Factors for North Carolina 

FIP 2009 Factor 2018 Factor 

37067 0.71 0.84 

37081 0.97 0.89 

37119 1.15 1.01 

37183 0.88 0.81 

Note: 

Growth factor = Year Emissions/2002 Emissions. 

Under CAIR approach, 2009 = 1.16 to 1.17 for all 4 counties. 

Under CAIR approach, 2018 = 1.36 to 1.37 for all 4 counties. 

(h) Using this approach, each State-county-SCC-pollutant was assigned a combined growth 

and control factor using the EPA CAIR forecast or locally provided data. The 22,838 data 

records for aircraft, locomotives, and CMV in the 2002 revised base year emissions file 

were assigned growth factors in accordance with the following breakdown: 

 48 records matched State-provided growth factors, 

 4,179 records matched using the CAIR-Primary criterion, 

 240 records matched using the CAIR-Secondary criterion, 

 7,463 records matched using the CAIR-Tertiary criterion, 

 720 records matched using the No T4-Primary criterion, 

 3,858 records matched using the No T4-Secondary criterion, and 

 6,330 records matched using the No T4-Tertiary criterion. 

(i) Finally, the impacts of the T4 rule as adopted were applied to the grown “non T4” 

emission estimates. The actual T4 emission standards do not affect aircraft, locomotive, 

or CMV directly, but associated diesel fuel sulfur requirements do affect locomotives and 

CMV. Lower fuel sulfur content affects both SO2 and PM emissions. Expected fuel sulfur 

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contents were obtained for each evaluation year from the EPA technical support 

document for the final T4 rule (Final Regulatory Analysis: Control of Emissions from 

Non-road Diesel Engines, EPA420-R-04-007, May 2004). According to that document, 

the average diesel fuel sulfur content for locomotives and CMV is expected to be 408 

ppmW in 2009 and 56 ppmW in 2018. These compare to expected non-T4 fuel sulfur 

levels of 2599 ppmW in 2009 and 2336 ppmW in 2018. Table 2.3-8 uses calculated 

emissions estimates for base and T4 control scenarios to estimate emission 

reduction impacts. 

Table 2.3-8 Estimated Emission Reduction Impacts based on T-4 Rule 

2009 2018

CMV SO2 = Non-T4 SO2 × 0.1569 0.0241

Locomotive SO2 = Non-T4 SO2 × 0.1569 0.0241

CMV PM = Non-T4 PM × 0.8962 0.8762

Locomotive PM = Non-T4 PM × 0.8117 0.7734

However, since the diesel fuel sulfur content assumed for the 2002 VISTAS base year 

inventory, upon which both the 2009 and 2018 inventories were based, is 2500 ppmW, a 

small adjustment to the emission reduction multipliers calculated from the T4 rule is 

appropriate since they are measured relative to modestly different sulfur contents (2599 

ppmW for 2009 and 2336 ppmW for 2018). Correcting for these modest differences 

produces the emission reduction impact estimates relative to forecasts based on the 

VISTAS 2002 inventory shown in Table 2.3-9. 

Table 2.3-9 Estimated Emission Reduction Impacts Relative to VISTAS 2002 Base 

Year Values 

2009 2018

CMV SO2 = Non-T4 SO2 × 0.1632 0.0225

Locomotive SO2 = Non-T4 SO2 × 0.1632 0.0225

CMV PM = Non-T4 PM × 0.9004 0.8685

Locomotive PM = Non-T4 PM × 0.8187 0.7610

These factors were applied directly to the non-T4 emission forecasts to produce the final 

VISTAS 2009 and 2018 emissions inventories for aircraft, locomotive, and CMV. 

The only exception is for Palm Beach County, Florida, where CMV emissions are 

reported as “all fuels” rather than separately by residual and diesel fuel components. To 

estimate T4 impacts in Palm Beach County, the ratio of diesel CMV emissions to total 

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CMV emissions in the remainder of Florida was calculated and the T4 impact estimates 

for Palm Beach County were adjusted to reflect that ratio. Table 2.3-10 shows the 

calculated diesel CMV ratios. 

Table 2.3-10 Diesel CMV Adjustment Ratios for Palm Beach County, FL 

GROWTH BASIS SO2 PM

2009 (1996, 2020 Growth Basis) 0.2410 0.7861 

2009 (1996, 2010, 2015, and 2020 Growth Basis) 0.1279 0.7875 

2018 (1996, 2020 Growth Basis) 0.2432 0.7925 

2018 (1996, 2010, 2015, and 2020 Growth Basis) 0.2624 0.7918 

The differences between the growth bases are discussed in detail below. 

Combining these ratios with the T4 impact estimates for diesel engines, as presented 

above, yields the following impact adjustment factors for Palm Beach County: 

Table 2.3-11 Overall Adjustment Factors for Palm Beach County, FL 

GROWTH BASIS

2009 SO2 (19, 20 Growth Basis) 0.7894 [0.1632×0.2410+(1-0.2410)]

2009 SO2 (96, 10, 15, and 20 Growth Basis) 0.8930 [0.1632×0.1279+(1-0.1279)] 

2018 SO2 (96, 20 Growth Basis) 0.7623 [0.0225×0.2432+(1-0.2432)] 

2018 SO2 (96, 10, 15, and 20 Growth Basis) 0.7436 [0.0225×0.2624+(1-0.2624)] 

2009 PM (19, 20 Growth Basis) 0.9217 [0.9004×0.7861+(1-0.7861)] 

2009 PM (96, 10, 15, and 20 Growth Basis) 0.9216 [0.9004×0.7875+(1-0.7875)] 

2018 PM (96, 20 Growth Basis) 0.8958 [0.8685×0.7925+(1-0.7925)] 

2018 PM (96, 10, 15, and 20 Growth Basis) 0.8959 [0.8685×0.7918+(1-0.7918)]

The differences between the growth bases are discussed in detail below.

Utilizing this approach, emission inventory forecasts for both 2009 and 2018 were developed. As 

indicated in step (b) above, basic growth factors were developed using EPA CAIR inventory data 

for 1996, 2010, 2015, and 2020. From these data, equivalent EPA CAIR inventories for 2002 and 

2009 were developed through linear interpolation of the 1996 and 2010 inventories, while an 

equivalent CAIR inventory for 2018 was developed through linear interpolation of the 2015 and 

2020 inventories. Growth factors for 2009 and 2018 were then estimated as the ratios of the 

CAIR 2009 and 2018 inventories to the CAIR 2002 inventory. 

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During the development of the preliminary 2018 VISTAS inventory in March 2004, this process 

yielded reasonable results and exhibited no particular systematic concerns. However, when the 

2009 Base F inventory was developed, significant concerns related to SO2 and PM were 

encountered. Essentially, what was revealed by the Base F 2009 forecast was a series of apparent 

inconsistencies in the CAIR 2010 and 2015 emission inventories (as compared to the 1996 and 

2020 CAIR inventories) that were masked during the construction of the “longer-term” 

2018 inventory. 

The apparent inconsistencies are best illustrated by looking at the actual data extracted from the 

CAIR inventory files. Note that although a limited example is being presented, the same general 

issue applies throughout the CAIR files. For FIP 01001 (Autauga County, Alabama) and SCC 

2285002000 (Diesel Rail), the CAIR inventories indicate SO2 emission estimates as shown in 

Table 2.3-12. 

Table 2.3-12 SO2 Emissions for Diesel Rail in Autauga County, AL from the CAIR 

Projections 

YEAR TONS 

1996: 15.3445 

2010: 2.7271 

2015: 2.8178 

2020: 16.6232 

Clearly, there is a major drop in emissions between 1996 and 2010, followed by a major increase 

in emissions between 2015 and 2020. Several observations regarding these changes are 

important. First, the CAIR data were reported to exclude the T4 rule, so that the drop in 

emissions should be related to something other than simply a change in diesel fuel sulfur content. 

Second, if the T4 rule impacts were “accidentally” included in the estimates, there should be a 

resultant 90 percent drop in diesel sulfur between 2010 and 2015; so such inclusion is unlikely. 

Third, the rate of growth between 2015 and 2020 (43 percent per year compound or 97 percent 

per year linear) is well beyond any reasonable expectations for rail service; and fuel sulfur 

content during this period is constant both with and without T4. In short, there appeared to be no 

rational explanation for the data, yet the same basic relations are observed for thousands of CAIR 

inventory records. 

For the most part, the issue seems to be centered on SO2 and PM records, which are those 

records primarily affected by the T4 rule. But, as noted above, there does not seem to be any 

pattern of consistency that would indicate that either inclusion or exclusion of T4 rule impacts is 

the underlying cause. Moreover, where they occur, the observed growth extremes generally 

affect both SO2 and PM equally, while one would expect PM effects to be buffered if the T4 rule 

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was the underlying cause, since changes in diesel fuel sulfur content will only affect a fraction of 

PM (i.e., sulfate), while directly reducing SO2. 

The data presented in Figure 2.3-1 illustrates what this meant to the VISTAS forecasting process. 

Figure 2.3-1 depicts the same data presented above for Autauga County, Alabama, but 

normalized so that the interpolated 2002 CAIR emissions estimate equals unity. The “raw” CAIR 

data is depicted by the markers labeled A, B, C, and D. Interpolated data for 2002 and 2009, 

based on 1996 and 2010 CAIR data, is depicted by the markers labeled “i” and “ii.” Interpolated 

data for 2018, based on 2015 and 2020 CAIR data is depicted by the marker labeled “iii.” The 

relationship between marker “iii” and marker “i” is exactly the relationship used to construct the 

preliminary (e.g., pre-Base F) 2018 VISTAS inventory (i.e., a linear growth rate equal to 0.7 

percent per year). Thus, it is easy to see that although there is a major “dip and rise” between 

2002 and 2018, it is essentially masked unless data for intervening years are examined. Since no 

intervening year was examined for the preliminary 2018 inventory, the “dip and rise” was not 

discovered. However, upon the development of the 2009 inventory forecast, the issue became 

obvious, as the marker labeled “ii” readily illustrates. In effect, the 2009 inventory reflected very 

low negative “growth rates” for some SCCs and pollutants relative to the 2002 inventory, while 

the 2018 inventory reflected very high and positive growth rates for those same SCCs and 

pollutants. In effect, the path between 2002 and 2018 that previously looked like the dotted line 

connecting markers “i” and “iii,” now looks like the solid line connecting markers “i”, “ii,” and 

“iii.” For reference purposes, this path is hereafter referred to as the 1996, 2010, 2015, and 2020 

growth basis, since all interpolated data is based on CAIR data for those four years. 

Figure 2.3-1. Impacts of the Apparent CAIR Inventory Discrepancy 

0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025

Year

Emissions

1

iii

ii

i

D

B C

A

3 2

A,B,C,D = EPA CAIR Data.

i,ii,iii = 96-10-15-20 Interpolations.

1,2,3 = 96-20 Interpolations.

All indicated growth is linear.

i to ii = -9.1%/yr ii to iii = 22.9%/yr

i to iii = 0.7%/yr

1 to 2 to 3 = 0.3%/yr

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In light of the apparent discrepancies inherent in the 1996, 2010, 2015, and 2020 growth basis 

data and the inconsistencies its use would impart into the 2009 and 2018 VISTAS inventories, a 

secondary forecasting method was developed. This second method relies on the apparent 

consistency between the 1996 and 2020 non-T4 CAIR inventories, interpolating equivalent 2002, 

2009, and 2018 inventories solely from these two inventories. In effect, the CAIR inventories for 

2010 and 2015 are ignored. In Figure 2.3-1, this secondary approach is depicted by the data 

points that lie along the lines connecting markers A and D. Markers A and D represent the 1996 

and 2020 CAIR inventories, and the markers labeled 1, 2, and 3 represent the interpolated 2002, 

2009, and 2018 CAIR equivalent inventories. The growth rate between 2009 and 2002 is then 

equal to the ratio of the 2009 and 2002 CAIR inventories, while that between 2018 and 2002 is 

equal to the ratio of the 2018 and 2002 CAIR inventories. For the example data, the resulting 

linear growth estimate is 0.3 percent per year. For reference purposes, this path is hereafter 

referred to as the 1996-2020 growth basis, since all interpolated data are based on CAIR data for 

only those two years. 

It is perhaps worth noting that the only elements of Figure 2.3-1 that have any bearing on the 

VISTAS inventories are the growth rates. The absolute CAIR data are of importance only in 

determining those rates, as all VISTAS inventories were developed on the basis of the VISTAS 

2002 base year inventory, not any of the CAIR inventories. So referring to Figure 2.3-1, the two 

growth options are summarized in Table 2.3-13. 

Table 2.3-13 Growth Options based on CAIR Data 

GROWTH BASIS PERCENT PER YEAR 

1996, 2010, 2015, 2020 Growth Basis: -9.1% per year (linear) between 2002 and 2009 

1996-2020 Growth Basis: +0.3% per year (linear) between 2002 and 2009 

1996, 2010, 2015, 2020 Growth Basis: +22.9% per year (linear) between 2009 and 2018 

1996-2020 Growth Basis: +0.3% per year (linear) between 2009 and 2018 

1996, 2010, 2015, 2020 Growth Basis: +0.7% per year (linear) between 2002 and 2018 

1996-2020 Growth Basis: +0.3% per year (linear) between 2002 and 2018 

Of course, these specific rates are applicable only to the example case (i.e., diesel rail SO2 in 

Autauga County, Alabama), but there are thousands of additional CAIR records that are virtually 

identical from a growth viewpoint. 

While forecast inventories for aircraft, locomotives, and CMV were developed for 2009 and 

2018 using both growth methods, it was ultimately decided to utilize the 1996-2020 growth basis 

for Base F since it provided more reasonable growth rates for 2009. Tables 2.3-14 and 2.3-15 

present a summary of each Base F inventory, while Tables 2.3-16 and 2.3-17 present the 

associated change in emissions for each Base F forecast inventory relative to the Base F 2002 

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base year VISTAS inventory. The larger reduction in CMV SO2 emissions in 2009 and 2018 

(relative to 2002) for Virginia and West Virginia is notable relative to the other VISTAS States, 

but this has been checked and is attributable to a high diesel contribution to total CMV SO2 in 

the 2002 inventories for these two States. 

Figures 2.3-2 through 2.3-13 graphically depict the relationships between the various Base F 

inventories and preliminary 2002 and 2018 projections prepared prior to Base F. There are two 

figures for each pollutant, the first of which presents a comparison of total VISTAS regional 

emission estimates for aircraft, locomotives, and CMV, and the second of which presents total 

VISTAS region emission estimates for locomotives only. This two figure approach is intended to 

provide a more robust illustration of the differences between the various inventories, as some of 

the differences are less distinct when viewed through overall aggregate emissions totals. All of 

the figures include the following emissions estimates: 

• The 2002 Base F base year VISTAS emissions inventory (labeled as “2002”), 

• The 2002 pre-Base F base year VISTAS emissions inventory (labeled as “2002 

Prelim”), 

• The Base F 2009 VISTAS emissions inventory developed using growth rates derived 

from 1996 and 2020 EPA CAIR data (labeled as “2009”), 

• The Base F 2018 VISTAS emissions inventory developed using growth rates derived 

from 1996 and 2020 EPA CAIR data (labeled as “2018”), and 

• The pre-Base F 2018 VISTAS emissions inventory estimates as developed using 

growth rates derived from 1996, 2010, 2015, and 2020 EPA CAIR data (labeled as 

“2018 Prelim”). 

All 12 figures generally illustrate a reduction in emissions estimates between the 2002 pre-Base 

F emission estimates published in February 2004 (the initial 2002 VISTAS inventory) and the 

2002 Base F emission estimates. This reduction generally results from emission updates reflected 

in the State 2002 CERR submittals used to develop the Base F 2002 base year inventory, 

although the major differences in aggregate PM emission estimates are driven to a greater extent 

by modifications in the methodology used to estimate aircraft PM in the Base F 2002 base year 

inventory (as documented under the base year inventory section of this report). 

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Table 2.3-14. Base F 2009 Aircraft, Locomotive, and Non-Recreational Marine Emissions 

(annual tons) -- Based on Growth Using 1996 and 2020 EPA Inventories

Source State CO NOx PM10 PM2.5 SO2 VOC 

AL 4,178 202 278 102 19 217 

FL 29,258 10,316 2,812 2,756 928 4,235 

GA 7,635 6,233 1,712 1,678 523 512 

KY 3,075 762 207 203 73 304 

MS 1,765 162 51 50 16 108 

NC 6,551 1,601 436 427 153 644 

SC 7,372 559 446 437 98 975 

TN 8,020 3,096 824 807 268 1,050 

VA 10,994 3,094 1,239 1,214 907 2,892 

WV 1,312 91 28 28 9 74 

Aircraft 

(2275) 

Total 80,159 26,116 8,033 7,704 2,993 11,011 

AL 1,280 8,888 872 802 2,753 768 

FL 6,236 43,198 1,838 1,691 5,864 1,467 

GA 1,097 7,599 317 291 974 256 

KY 7,087 48,039 2,158 1,985 8,350 1,649 

MS 6,074 41,437 1,821 1,676 6,587 1,415 

NC 634 4,386 184 169 584 148 

SC 1,133 7,796 326 300 1,012 264 

TN 3,887 26,333 1,168 1,074 4,512 904 

VA 1,042 2,662 312 286 61 506 

WV 1,638 11,073 455 419 89 381 

Commercial 

Marine 

(2280) 

Total 30,109 201,412 9,450 8,693 30,786 7,759 

Military Marine VA 118 299 23 21 5 50 

(2283) Total 118 299 23 21 5 50 

AL 3,648 23,529 452 406 242 1,279 

FL 1,052 8,905 189 170 101 382 

GA 2,769 24,398 507 456 271 1,003 

KY 2,264 19,597 415 374 221 819 

MS 2,406 20,785 441 397 239 849 

NC 1,712 14,741 313 282 167 618 

SC 1,213 10,443 222 200 119 437 

TN 2,745 23,924 483 435 240 984 

VA 1,236 11,134 1,167 1,050 608 467 

WV 1,369 12,177 251 226 135 489 

Locomotives 

(2285) 

Total 20,412 169,635 4,440 3,995 2,343 7,328 

Grand Total 130,798 397,462 21,946 20,413 36,126 26,148 

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Table 2.3-15. Base F 2018 Aircraft, Locomotive, and Non-Recreational Marine Emissions 

(annual tons) -- Based on Growth Using 1996 and 2020 EPA Inventories

Source State CO NOx PM10 PM2.5 SO2 VOC 

AL 4,681 236 345 122 23 245 

FL 34,178 12,147 3,312 3,246 1,093 4,976 

GA 8,939 7,340 2,016 1,976 616 601 

KY 3,602 898 244 239 86 357 

MS 1,986 190 60 58 18 122 

NC 6,728 1,454 400 392 139 615 

SC 8,487 616 493 484 112 1,119 

TN 9,009 3,519 939 921 309 1,187 

VA 12,578 3,528 1,370 1,342 1,063 3,358 

WV 1,484 106 33 33 10 85 

Aircraft 

(2275) 

Total 91,670 30,035 9,213 8,814 3,468 12,666 

AL 1,388 8,464 880 809 2,715 809 

FL 6,684 41,117 1,853 1,705 6,248 1,543 

GA 1,174 7,246 319 293 976 269 

KY 7,703 45,174 2,199 2,023 8,383 1,752 

MS 6,571 39,129 1,850 1,702 6,556 1,498 

NC 679 4,179 185 170 596 155 

SC 1,217 7,406 329 303 1,027 278 

TN 4,225 24,763 1,190 1,095 4,808 960 

VA 1,133 2,517 314 289 9 537 

WV 1,781 10,412 459 422 13 404 

Commercial 

Marine 

(2280) 

Total 32,554 190,407 9,578 8,811 31,330 8,205 

Military Marine VA 128 282 23 21 1 53 

(2283) Total 128 282 23 21 1 53 

AL 3,850 19,917 381 343 34 1,183 

FL 1,110 7,538 159 143 14 353 

GA 2,917 21,395 427 385 38 932 

KY 2,389 16,751 352 317 31 757 

MS 2,540 17,594 372 335 34 785 

NC 1,807 12,478 264 237 24 571 

SC 1,280 8,840 187 168 17 404 

TN 2,897 21,735 407 367 34 910 

VA 1,300 10,173 983 885 86 436 

WV 1,444 10,831 212 190 19 453 

Locomotives 

(2285) 

Total 21,534 147,252 3,744 3,368 333 6,785 

Grand Total 145,885 367,975 22,557 21,015 35,132 27,709 

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Table 2.3-16. Change in Emissions between 2009 and 2002 Base F Inventories (Based on 

Growth Using 1996 and 2020 EPA Inventories)

Source State CO NOx PM10 PM2.5 SO2 VOC 

AL +10% +15% +23% +18% +16% +11% 

FL +15% +16% +16% +16% +16% +16% 

GA +15% +16% +16% +16% +16% +16% 

KY +15% +16% +16% +16% +16% +16% 

MS +11% +16% +15% +15% +16% +12% 

NC +8% +3% +4% +4% +3% +5% 

SC +13% +9% +9% +9% +12% +13% 

TN +11% +12% +12% +12% +14% +11% 

VA +13% +12% +9% +9% +15% +14% 

WV +11% +16% +15% +15% +16% +12% 

Aircraft 

(2275) 

Total +13% +14% +14% +13% +15% +14% 

AL +7% -4% -5% -5% -18% +4% 

FL +6% -4% -5% -5% -12% +4% 

GA +6% -3% -5% -5% -17% +4% 

KY +7% -4% -4% -4% -13% +5% 

MS +7% -4% -4% -4% -15% +5% 

NC +6% -4% -5% -5% -15% +4% 

SC +6% -4% -5% -5% -16% +4% 

TN +7% -4% -4% -4% -9% +5% 

VA +7% -4% -7% -7% -83% +5% 

WV +7% -4% -7% -7% -83% +5% 

Commercial 

Marine 

(2280) 

Total +7% -4% -5% -5% -15% +5% 

Military Marine VA +7% -4% -7% -7% -83% +5% 

(2283) Total +7% -4% -7% -7% -83% +5% 

AL +5% -11% -24% -24% -83% -6% 

FL +5% -11% -24% -24% -83% -6% 

GA +4% -9% -24% -24% -83% -5% 

KY +5% -10% -23% -23% -83% -6% 

MS +5% -11% -24% -24% -83% -6% 

NC +5% -11% -24% -24% -83% -6% 

SC +5% -11% -24% -24% -83% -6% 

TN +5% -7% -24% -24% -83% -6% 

VA +4% -6% -24% -24% -83% -5% 

WV +4% -8% -24% -24% -83% -5% 

Locomotives 

(2285) 

Total +4% -9% -24% -24% -83% -5% 

Grand Total +10% -5% -4% -4% -32% +5% 

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Table 2.3-17. Change in Emissions between 2018 and 2002 Base F Inventories (Based on 

Growth Using 1996 and 2020 EPA Inventories)

Source State CO NOx PM10 PM2.5 SO2 VOC 

AL +24% +35% +53% +41% +36% +25% 

FL +34% +37% +37% +37% +37% +36% 

GA +35% +37% +37% +37% +37% +36% 

KY +35% +37% +37% +37% +37% +36% 

MS +25% +36% +35% +35% +36% +27% 

NC +10% -6% -5% -5% -6% 0% 

SC +30% +20% +21% +21% +27% +30% 

TN +24% +27% +28% +28% +31% +26% 

VA +29% +28% +20% +20% +35% +33% 

WV +26% +36% +35% +35% +36% +28% 

Aircraft 

(2275) 

Total +29% +31% +30% +30% +33% +31% 

AL +16% -8% -4% -4% -19% +10% 

FL +14% -8% -4% -4% -7% +9% 

GA +13% -8% -5% -5% -17% +9% 

KY +17% -10% -2% -2% -13% +12% 

MS +16% -9% -3% -3% -15% +11% 

NC +13% -8% -4% -4% -14% +9% 

SC +14% -9% -4% -4% -15% +10% 

TN +17% -10% -2% -2% -3% +12% 

VA +17% -9% -6% -6% -98% +11% 

WV +17% -10% -6% -6% -98% +12% 

Commercial 

Marine 

(2280) 

Total +15% -9% -3% -3% -14% +11% 

Military Marine VA +17% -10% -6% -6% -98% +12% 

(2283) Total +17% -10% -6% -6% -98% +12% 

AL +10% -24% -36% -36% -98% -13% 

FL +10% -24% -36% -36% -98% -13% 

GA +10% -20% -36% -36% -98% -12% 

KY +10% -23% -35% -35% -98% -13% 

MS +10% -24% -36% -36% -98% -13% 

NC +10% -24% -36% -36% -98% -13% 

SC +10% -24% -36% -36% -98% -13% 

TN +10% -15% -36% -36% -98% -13% 

VA +10% -14% -36% -36% -98% -11% 

WV +10% -18% -36% -36% -98% -12% 

Locomotives 

(2285) 

Total +10% -21% -36% -36% -98% -12% 

Grand Total +23% -12% -1% -1% -34% +11% 

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118,739

130,798

145,885

129,659

159,122

0

20,000

40,000

60,000

80,000

100,000

120,000

140,000

160,000

180,000

2002 2009 2018 2002 Prelim 2018 Prelim

T

o

n

s

p

e

r

Y

e

a

r

19,540 20,412

21,534 21,980

23,849

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

2002 2009 2018 2002 Prelim 2018 Prelim

T

o

n

s

p

e

r

Y

e

a

r

Figure 2.3-2. Total Aircraft, Locomotive, and CMV CO Emissions (Base F)

Figure 2.3-3. Locomotive CO Emissions (Base F)

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420,228

397,462

367,975

455,067

395,049

0

50,000

100,000

150,000

200,000

250,000

300,000

350,000

400,000

450,000

500,000

2002 2009 2018 2002 Prelim 2018 Prelim

T

o

n

s

p

e

r

Y

e

a

r

187,044

169,635

147,252

211,588

167,783

0

50,000

100,000

150,000

200,000

250,000

2002 2009 2018 2002 Prelim 2018 Prelim

T

o

n

s

p

e

r

Y

e

a

r

Figure 2.3-4. Total Aircraft, Locomotive, and CMV NOx Emissions (Base F) 

Figure 2.3-5. Locomotive NOx Emissions (Base F) 

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22,823 21,946 22,557

100,452

128,715

0

20,000

40,000

60,000

80,000

100,000

120,000

140,000

2002 2009 2018 2002 Prelim 2018 Prelim

T

o

n

s

p

e

r

Y

e

a

r

5,815

4,440

3,744

6,118

3,947

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

2002 2009 2018 2002 Prelim 2018 Prelim

T

o

n

s

p

e

r

Y

e

a

r

Figure 2.3-6. Total Aircraft, Locomotive, and CMV PM10 Emissions (Base F) 

Figure 2.3-7. Locomotive PM10 Emissions (Base F) 

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5,232

3,995

3,368

5,505

3,552

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

2002 2009 2018 2002 Prelim 2018 Prelim

T

o

n

s

p

e

r

Y

e

a

r

21,170 20,413 21,015

73,099

92,207

0

10,000

20,000

30,000

40,000

50,000

60,000

70,000

80,000

90,000

100,000

2002 2009 2018 2002 Prelim 2018 Prelim

T

o

n

s

p

e

r

Y

e

a

r

Figure 2.3-8. Total Aircraft, Locomotive, and CMV PM2.5 Emissions (Base F) 

Figure 2.3-9. Locomotive PM2.5 Emissions (Base F) 

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14,022

2,343

333

14,947

1,553

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

16,000

2002 2009 2018 2002 Prelim 2018 Prelim

T

o

n

s

p

e

r

Y

e

a

r

52,931

36,126 35,132

57,062

41,284

0

10,000

20,000

30,000

40,000

50,000

60,000

2002 2009 2018 2002 Prelim 2018 Prelim

T

o

n

s

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Y

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a

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Figure 2.3-10. Total Aircraft, Locomotive, and CMV SO2 Emissions (Base F) 

Figure 2.3-11. Locomotive SO2 Emissions (Base F)

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7,750

7,328

6,785

8,738

7,544

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

8,000

9,000

10,000

2002 2009 2018 2002 Prelim 2018 Prelim

T

o

n

s

p

e

r

Y

e

a

r

24,881

26,148

27,709

26,877

29,228

22,000

23,000

24,000

25,000

26,000

27,000

28,000

29,000

30,000

2002 2009 2018 2002 Prelim 2018 Prelim

T

o

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a

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Figure 2.3-12. Total Aircraft, Locomotive, and CMV VOC Emissions (Base F) 

Figure 2.3-13. Locomotive VOC Emissions (Base F) 

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Base G Revisions: 

Table 2.3-18 shows the Base G 2002 base year emissions for each State in the VISTAS region 

for aircraft, locomotives and CMV. Although some of these data are updated relative to those 

used as the basis of the Base F emissions forecasts, the methodology used to develop 2009 and 

2018 emissions forecasts for aircraft, locomotives, and CMV for Base G is identical to that used 

for Base F (as documented above). The only exceptions are as follows: 

(a) As indicated in the discussion of the Base F forecasts, the CAIR (growth rate) matching 

criteria were overridden for any record for which States provided local growth data. For 

Base F, only North Carolina provided such data. However, for Base G, Kentucky 

regulators provided growth data for aircraft emissions associated with 

Cincinnati/Northern Kentucky International Airport (located in Boone County, 

Kentucky). These data were applied to all pollutants and all aircraft types (i.e., military 

aircraft (SCC 2275001000), commercial aircraft (SCC 2275020000), general aviation 

aircraft (SCC 2275050000), and air taxi aircraft (SCC 2275060000)). Emissions forecasts 

for all aircraft operations in counties other than Boone continued to utilize the growth 

factors developed according to the CAIR matching criteria. Table 2.3-19 presents the 

locally generated growth factors applied in Kentucky. It should be recognized that 

although the locally provided growth factors presented in the table are significantly 

greater than those that would apply under the CAIR matching criteria, this is to be 

expected as local regulators noted a very significant decline in activity at the 

Cincinnati/Northern Kentucky International Airport in 2002 (relative to activity in 

preceding years). Moreover, this downward spike seems to have been alleviated since 

2002, so that the provided growth factors represent not only “routine” growth expected 

between 2002 and the two forecast years, but growth required to offset the temporary 

decline observed in 2002. 

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Table 2.3-18. Base G 2002 Aircraft, Locomotive, and Non-Recreational Marine Emissions 

(annual tons)

Source State CO NOx PM10 PM2.5 SO2 VOC 

AL 5,595 185 238 99 18 276 

FL 25,431 8,891 2,424 2,375 800 3,658 

GA 6,620 5,372 1,475 1,446 451 443 

KY 5,577 925 251 246 88 397 

MS 1,593 140 44 43 13 96 

NC 6,088 1,548 419 411 148 613 

SC 6,505 515 409 401 88 863 

TN 7,251 2,766 734 719 235 943 

VA 11,873 3,885 2,010 1,970 272 2,825 

WV 1,178 78 25 24 8 66 

Aircraft 

(2275) 

Total 77,712 24,305 8,029 7,734 2,121 10,179 

AL 1,196 9,218 917 844 3,337 737 

FL 5,888 44,817 1,936 1,781 6,683 1,409 

GA 1,038 7,875 334 307 1,173 246 

KY 6,607 50,267 2,246 2,066 9,608 1,569 

MS 5,688 43,233 1,903 1,751 7,719 1,351 

NC 599 4,547 193 178 690 142 

SC 1,067 8,100 343 316 1,205 253 

TN 3,624 27,555 1,217 1,120 4,974 860 

VA 972 2,775 334 307 359 483 

WV 1,528 11,586 487 448 525 362 

Commercial 

Marine 

(2280) 

Total 28,207 209,972 9,911 9,118 36,275 7,413 

Military Marine VA 110 313 25 23 27 48 

(2283) Total 110 313 25 23 27 48 

AL 3,518 26,623 592 533 1,446 1,365 

FL 1,006 9,969 247 222 605 404 

GA 2,654 26,733 664 598 1,622 1,059 

KY 2,166 21,811 542 488 1,321 867 

MS 2,302 23,267 578 520 1,429 899 

NC 1,638 16,502 410 369 1,001 654 

SC 1,160 11,690 291 261 710 462 

TN 2,626 25,627 633 570 1,439 1,041 

VA 1,186 11,882 1,529 1,375 3,641 492 

WV 1,311 13,224 329 296 808 517 

Locomotives 

(2285) 

Total 19,568 187,328 5,815 5,232 14,022 7,761 

Grand Total 125,597 421,918 23,780 22,107 52,444 25,401 

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Table 2.3-19 Locally Generated Growth Factors for Kentucky 

FIP 2009 Factor 2018 Factor 

21015 1.31 1.81 

Note: 

Growth factor = Year Emissions/2002 Emissions. 

Under CAIR approach, 2009 = 0.99 to 1.17. 

Under CAIR approach, 2018 = 0.97 to 1.40. 

(b) Because of the additional emissions records added in Alabama, as discussed in the Base 

G 2002 base year inventory section of this report, the total number of emissions records 

in the Base G 2009 and 2018 forecasts increased to 23,042 (as compared to 22,838 for 

Base F). The 23,042 data records for aircraft, locomotives, and CMV were assigned 

growth factors in accordance with the following breakdown: 

 72 records matched State-provided growth factors, 

 4,287 records matched using the CAIR-Primary criterion, 

 240 records matched using the CAIR-Secondary criterion, 

 7,511 records matched using the CAIR-Tertiary criterion, 

 720 records matched using the No T4-Primary criterion, 

 3,858 records matched using the No T4-Secondary criterion, and 

 6,354 records matched using the No T4-Tertiary criterion. 

Tables 2.3-20 and 2.3-21 present a summary of the resulting Base G 2009 and 2018 inventories, 

while Tables 2.3-22 and 2.3-23 present the associated change in emissions for each forecast 

inventory relative to the Base G 2002 base year VISTAS. As was the case with Base F, the larger 

reduction in CMV SO2 emissions in 2009 and 2018 (relative to 2002) for Virginia and West 

Virginia is notable relative to the other VISTAS States, but is attributable to a high diesel 

contribution to total CMV SO2 in the 2002 inventories for these two States. 

Figures 2.3-14 through 2.3-25 graphically depict the relationships between the various 

inventories, as revised through Base G. There are two figures for each pollutant, the first of 

which presents a comparison of total VISTAS regional emission estimates for aircraft, 

locomotives, and CMV, and the second of which presents total VISTAS region emission 

estimates for locomotives only. This two figure approach is intended to provide a more robust 

illustration of the differences between the various inventories, as some of the differences are less 

distinct when viewed through overall aggregate emissions totals. All of the figures include the 

following emissions estimates: 

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• The Base G 2002 base year VISTAS emissions inventory (labeled as “2002”), 

• The pre-Base F 2002 base year VISTAS emissions inventory (labeled as “2002 

Prelim”), 

• The Base G 2009 VISTAS emissions inventory developed using growth rates derived 

from 1996 and 2020 EPA CAIR data (labeled as “2009”), 

• The Base G 2018 VISTAS emissions inventory developed using growth rates derived 

from 1996 and 2020 EPA CAIR data (labeled as “2018”), and 

• The pre-Base F 2018 VISTAS emissions inventory estimates developed using growth 

rates derived from 1996, 2010, 2015, and 2020 EPA CAIR data (labeled as “2018 

Prelim”). 

All 12 figures generally illustrate a reduction in emissions estimates between the pre-Base F 

2002 emission estimates published in February 2004 and the Base G 2002 base year emission 

estimates. This reduction generally results from emission updates reflected in the Base F State 

CERR submittals, although the major differences in aggregate PM emission estimates are driven 

to a greater extent by modifications in the methodology used to estimate aircraft PM in the Base 

F revisions to the 2002 Base F base year inventory (as documented under the base year inventory 

section of this report). 

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Table 2.3-20. Base G 2009 Aircraft, Locomotive, and Non-Recreational Marine Emissions 

(annual tons) -- Based on Growth Using 1996 and 2020 EPA Inventories

Source State CO NOx PM10 PM2.5 SO2 VOC 

AL 6,265 213 292 116 21 309 

FL 29,258 10,316 2,812 2,756 928 4,235 

GA 7,635 6,233 1,712 1,678 523 512 

KY 6,959 1,135 307 301 108 487 

MS 1,765 162 51 50 16 108 

NC 6,991 1,795 486 477 171 709 

SC 7,372 559 446 437 98 975 

TN 8,020 3,096 824 807 268 1,050 

VA 13,141 4,244 2,124 2,082 306 3,153 

WV 1,312 91 28 28 9 74 

Aircraft 

(2275) 

Total 88,716 27,844 9,083 8,732 2,447 11,612 

AL 1,280 8,888 872 802 2,753 768 

FL 6,236 43,198 1,838 1,691 5,864 1,467 

GA 1,097 7,599 317 291 974 256 

KY 7,087 48,039 2,158 1,985 8,350 1,649 

MS 6,074 41,437 1,821 1,676 6,587 1,415 

NC 634 4,386 184 169 584 148 

SC 1,133 7,796 326 300 1,012 264 

TN 3,887 26,333 1,168 1,074 4,512 904 

VA 1,042 2,662 312 286 61 506 

WV 1,638 11,073 455 419 89 381 

Commercial 

Marine 

(2280) 

Total 30,108 201,412 9,450 8,693 30,786 7,759 

Military Marine VA 118 299 23 21 5 50 

(2283) Total 118 299 23 21 5 50 

AL 3,677 23,783 452 406 242 1,289 

FL 1,052 8,905 189 170 101 382 

GA 2,769 24,398 507 456 271 1,003 

KY 2,264 19,597 415 374 221 819 

MS 2,406 20,785 441 397 239 849 

NC 1,690 14,662 311 279 165 613 

SC 1,213 10,443 222 200 119 437 

TN 2,745 23,924 483 435 240 984 

VA 1,236 11,134 1,167 1,050 608 467 

WV 1,369 12,177 251 226 135 489 

Locomotives 

(2285) 

Total 20,420 169,808 4,437 3,993 2,341 7,333 

Grand Total 139,362 399,364 22,994 21,440 35,578 26,754

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Table 2.3-21. Base G 2018 Aircraft, Locomotive, and Non-Recreational Marine Emissions 

(annual tons) -- Based on Growth Using 1996 and 2020 EPA Inventories

Source State CO NOx PM10 PM2.5 SO2 VOC 

AL 7,126 249 361 139 24 352

FL 34,178 12,147 3,312 3,246 1,093 4,976

GA 8,939 7,340 2,016 1,976 616 601

KY 9,078 1,446 391 383 138 623

MS 1,986 190 60 58 18 122

NC 8,150 2,114 572 561 202 831

SC 8,487 616 493 484 112 1,119

TN 9,009 3,519 939 921 309 1,187

VA 14,770 4,706 2,271 2,226 349 3,574

WV 1,484 106 33 33 10 85

Aircraft 

(2275) 

Total 103,206 32,435 10,450 10,027 2,871 13,472

AL 1,388 8,464 880 809 2,715 809

FL 6,684 41,117 1,853 1,705 6,248 1,543

GA 1,174 7,246 319 293 976 269

KY 7,703 45,174 2,199 2,023 8,383 1,752

MS 6,571 39,129 1,850 1,702 6,556 1,498

NC 678 4,179 185 170 596 155

SC 1,217 7,406 329 303 1,027 278

TN 4,225 24,763 1,190 1,095 4,808 960

VA 1,133 2,517 314 289 9 537

WV 1,781 10,412 459 422 13 404

Commercial 

Marine 

(2280) 

Total 32,554 190,407 9,578 8,811 31,330 8,205

Military Marine VA 128 282 23 21 1 53

(2283) Total 128 282 23 21 1 53

AL 3,881 20,131 381 343 34 1,192

FL 1,110 7,538 159 143 14 353

GA 2,917 21,395 427 385 38 932

KY 2,389 16,751 352 317 31 757

MS 2,540 17,594 372 335 34 785

NC 1,782 12,539 263 237 23 570

SC 1,280 8,840 187 168 17 404

TN 2,897 21,735 407 367 34 910

VA 1,300 10,173 983 885 86 436

WV 1,444 10,831 212 190 19 453

Locomotives 

(2285) 

Total 21,539 147,527 3,743 3,368 332 6,792

Grand Total 157,427 370,651 23,794 22,227 34,534 28,522 

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Table 2.3-22. Change in Emissions between 2009 Base G and 2002 Base F Inventories 

(Based on Growth Using 1996 and 2020 EPA Inventories)

Source State CO NOx PM10 PM2.5 SO2 VOC 

AL +12% +15% +23% +18% +16% +12%

FL +15% +16% +16% +16% +16% +16%

GA +15% +16% +16% +16% +16% +16%

KY +25% +23% +23% +23% +23% +23%

MS +11% +16% +15% +15% +16% +12%

NC +15% +16% +16% +16% +16% +16%

SC +13% +9% +9% +9% +12% +13%

TN +11% +12% +12% +12% +14% +11%

VA +11% +9% +6% +6% +12% +12%

WV +11% +16% +15% +15% +16% +12%

Aircraft 

(2275) 

Total +14% +15% +13% +13% +15% +14%

AL +7% -4% -5% -5% -18% +4%

FL +6% -4% -5% -5% -12% +4%

GA +6% -3% -5% -5% -17% +4%

KY +7% -4% -4% -4% -13% +5%

MS +7% -4% -4% -4% -15% +5%

NC +6% -4% -5% -5% -15% +4%

SC +6% -4% -5% -5% -16% +4%

TN +7% -4% -4% -4% -9% +5%

VA +7% -4% -7% -7% -83% +5%

WV +7% -4% -7% -7% -83% +5%

Commercial 

Marine 

(2280) 

Total +7% -4% -5% -5% -15% +5%

Military Marine VA +7% -4% -7% -7% -83% +5%

(2283) Total +7% -4% -7% -7% -83% +5%

AL +5% -11% -24% -24% -83% -6%

FL +5% -11% -24% -24% -83% -6%

GA +4% -9% -24% -24% -83% -5%

KY +5% -10% -23% -23% -83% -6%

MS +5% -11% -24% -24% -83% -6%

NC +3% -11% -24% -24% -83% -6%

SC +5% -11% -24% -24% -83% -6%

TN +5% -7% -24% -24% -83% -6%

VA +4% -6% -24% -24% -83% -5%

WV +4% -8% -24% -24% -83% -5%

Locomotives 

(2285) 

Total +4% -9% -24% -24% -83% -6%

Grand Total +11% -5% -3% -3% -32% +5%

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Table 2.3-23. Change in Emissions between 2018 Base G and 2002 Base F Inventories 

(Based on Growth Using 1996 and 2020 EPA Inventories)

Source State CO NOx PM10 PM2.5 SO2 VOC 

AL +27% +35% +52% +41% +36% +28%

FL +34% +37% +37% +37% +37% +36%

GA +35% +37% +37% +37% +37% +36%

KY +63% +56% +56% +56% +56% +57%

MS +25% +36% +35% +35% +36% +27%

NC +34% +37% +36% +36% +37% +36%

SC +30% +20% +21% +21% +27% +30%

TN +24% +27% +28% +28% +31% +26%

VA +24% +21% +13% +13% +28% +27%

WV +26% +36% +35% +35% +36% +28%

Aircraft 

(2275) 

Total +33% +33% +30% +30% +35% +32%

AL +16% -8% -4% -4% -19% +10%

FL +14% -8% -4% -4% -7% +9%

GA +13% -8% -5% -5% -17% +9%

KY +17% -10% -2% -2% -13% +12%

MS +16% -9% -3% -3% -15% +11%

NC +13% -8% -4% -4% -14% +9%

SC +14% -9% -4% -4% -15% +10%

TN +17% -10% -2% -2% -3% +12%

VA +17% -9% -6% -6% -98% +11%

WV +17% -10% -6% -6% -98% +12%

Commercial 

Marine 

(2280) 

Total +15% -9% -3% -3% -14% +11%

Military Marine VA +17% -10% -6% -6% -98% +12%

(2283) Total +17% -10% -6% -6% -98% +12%

AL +10% -24% -36% -36% -98% -13%

FL +10% -24% -36% -36% -98% -13%

GA +10% -20% -36% -36% -98% -12%

KY +10% -23% -35% -35% -98% -13%

MS +10% -24% -36% -36% -98% -13%

NC +9% -24% -36% -36% -98% -13%

SC +10% -24% -36% -36% -98% -13%

TN +10% -15% -36% -36% -98% -13%

VA +10% -14% -36% -36% -98% -11%

WV +10% -18% -36% -36% -98% -12%

Locomotives 

(2285) 

Total +10% -21% -36% -36% -98% -12%

Grand Total +25% -12% +0% +1% -34% +12%

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125,597

139,362

157,427

129,659

159,122

0

20,000

40,000

60,000

80,000

100,000

120,000

140,000

160,000

180,000

2002 2009 2018 2002 Prelim 2018 Prelim

T

o

n

s

p

e

r

Y

e

a

r

19,568 20,420

21,539 21,980

23,849

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

2002 2009 2018 2002 Prelim 2018 Prelim

T

o

n

s

p

e

r

Y

e

a

r

Figure 2.3-14. Total Aircraft, Locomotive, and CMV CO Emissions (Base G)

Figure 2.3-15. Locomotive CO Emissions (Base G)

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421,918

399,364

370,651

455,067

395,049

0

50,000

100,000

150,000

200,000

250,000

300,000

350,000

400,000

450,000

500,000

2002 2009 2018 2002 Prelim 2018 Prelim

T

o

n

s

p

e

r

Y

e

a

r

187,328

169,808

147,527

211,588

167,783

0

50,000

100,000

150,000

200,000

250,000

2002 2009 2018 2002 Prelim 2018 Prelim

T

o

n

s

p

e

r

Y

e

a

r

Figure 2.3-16. Total Aircraft, Locomotive, and CMV NOx Emissions (Base G) 

Figure 2.3-17. Locomotive NOx Emissions (Base G) 

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23,780 22,994 23,794

100,452

128,715

0

20,000

40,000

60,000

80,000

100,000

120,000

140,000

2002 2009 2018 2002 Prelim 2018 Prelim

T

o

n

s

p

e

r

Y

e

a

r

5,815

4,437

3,743

6,118

3,947

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

2002 2009 2018 2002 Prelim 2018 Prelim

T

o

n

s

p

e

r

Y

e

a

r

Figure 2.3-18. Total Aircraft, Locomotive, and CMV PM10 Emissions (Base G) 

Figure 2.3-19. Locomotive PM10 Emissions (Base G) 

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22,107 21,440 22,227

73,099

92,207

0

10,000

20,000

30,000

40,000

50,000

60,000

70,000

80,000

90,000

100,000

2002 2009 2018 2002 Prelim 2018 Prelim

T

o

n

s

p

e

r

Y

e

a

r

5,232

3,993

3,368

5,505

3,552

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

2002 2009 2018 2002 Prelim 2018 Prelim

T

o

n

s

p

e

r

Y

e

a

r

Figure 2.3-20. Total Aircraft, Locomotive, and CMV PM2.5 Emissions (Base G) 

Figure 2.3-21. Locomotive PM2.5 Emissions (Base G) 

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52,444

35,578 34,534

57,062

41,284

0

10,000

20,000

30,000

40,000

50,000

60,000

2002 2009 2018 2002 Prelim 2018 Prelim

T

o

n

s

p

e

r

Y

e

a

r

14,022

2,341

332

14,947

1,553

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

16,000

18,000

2002 2009 2018 2002 Prelim 2018 Prelim

T

o

n

s

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e

r

Y

e

a

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Figure 2.3-22. Total Aircraft, Locomotive, and CMV SO2 Emissions (Base G) 

Figure 2.3-23. Locomotive SO2 Emissions (Base G)

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25,401

26,754

28,522

26,877

29,228

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

35,000

2002 2009 2018 2002 Prelim 2018 Prelim

T

o

n

s

p

e

r

Y

e

a

r

7,761

7,333

6,792

8,738

7,544

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

8,000

9,000

10,000

2002 2009 2018 2002 Prelim 2018 Prelim

T

o

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s

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Y

e

a

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Figure 2.3-24. Total Aircraft, Locomotive, and CMV VOC Emissions (Base G) 

Figure 2.3-25. Locomotive VOC Emissions (Base G) 

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2.3.4.3 Emissions from NONROAD Model Sources in Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio 

Base G projection inventories for 2009 and 2018 for NONROAD model sources in the states of 

Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio were produced using a methodology identical to that employed to 

develop a Base G 2002 base year inventory for the same states (as documented earlier in this 

report). This method consists of the extraction of a complete set of county-level input data 

applicable to each of the three states (in each of the two projection years) from the latest version 

of the EPA’s NMIM model. This includes appropriate consideration of all non-default NMIM 

input files generated by the Midwest Regional Planning Organization as documented earlier in 

the discussion of the Base G 2002 base year inventory. These input data were then assembled 

into appropriate input files for the Final NONROAD2005 model and emission estimates were 

produced using the same procedure employed for the VISTAS region. 

Changes noted between the base year (2002) and forecast year (2009 and 2018) input data 

extracted from NMIM include differences in gasoline vapor pressure, gasoline sulfur content, 

and diesel sulfur content in most counties. All temperature data (minimum, maximum, and 

average daily temperatures) was constant across years. 

As described in the discussion of the Base G 2002 base year inventory, counties in the three 

states were grouped for modeling purposes using a temperature aggregation scheme that allowed 

for county-specific temperature variations of no more that 2 oF from group average temperatures 

(for all temperature inputs). The same grouping scheme was applied to projection year modeling, 

so that Illinois emissions were modeled using 12 county groups, Indiana emissions were modeled 

using 9 county groups, and Ohio emissions were modeled using 10 county groups. Thus, 31 

iterations of NONROAD2002 were required per season per projection year, as compared to the 

53 iterations per season per projection year required for the VISTAS region. 

As was also described in the discussion of the Base G 2002 base year inventory, several 

non-default equipment population, growth, activity, seasonal distribution, and county allocation 

files are assigned by NMIM model inputs for these counties. As was the case for the base year 

inventory development, these same non-default assignments were retained for both 

projection inventories. 

2.3.4.4 Differences between 2009/2018 

Methodologically, there was no difference in the way that 2009 and 2018 emissions were 

calculated for non-road mobile sources. The actual value of the growth factors were different for 

each type of mobile source considered, but the calculation methods were identical. 

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2.3.5 Quality Assurance steps 

Throughout the inventory development process, quality assurance steps were performed to 

ensure that no double counting of emissions occurred, to ensure that a full and complete 

inventory was developed for VISTAS, and to make sure that projection calculations were 

working correctly. Quality assurance was an important component to the inventory development 

process and MACTEC performed the following QA steps on mobile source components of the 

2009 and revised 2018 projection inventories: 

1. All final files (NONROAD only) were run through EPA’s Format and Content 

checking software. Input data files for MOBILE and VMT growth estimates were 

reviewed by the corresponding SIWG and by the VISTAS Emission Inventory 

Technical Advisor. 

2. SCC level emission summaries were prepared and evaluated to ensure that emissions 

were consistent and that there were no missing sources (NONROAD only). 

3. Tier comparisons (by pollutant) were developed between the 2002 base year 

inventory and the 2009 and 2018 projection inventories (NONROAD only). Total 

VISTAS level summaries by pollutant were developed for these sources to compare 

Base F and Base G emission levels. 

4. Data product summaries were provided to both the VISTAS Emission Inventory 

Technical Advisor and to the SIWG representatives for review and comment. 

Changes based on these comments were implemented in the files. 

5. Version numbering was used for all inventory files developed. The version 

numbering process used a decimal system to track major and minor changes. For 

example, a major change would result in a version going from 1.0 to 2.0. A minor 

change would cause a version number to go from 1.0 to 1.1. Minor changes resulting 

from largely editorial changes would result in a change from 1.00 to 1.01. 

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APPENDIX A: 

STATE EMISSION TOTALS BY POLLUTANT AND SECTOR 

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Annual CO Emissions by Source Sector

0

8,000,0007,000,0006,000,0005,000,0004,000,0003,000,0002,000,0001,000,000

AL

FL

GA

KY

MS

NC

SC

TN

VA

WV

Tons per year

FIRESAREANONROADONROADNONEGUEGU

2002 Actual EGU and Fires

2002 Typical EGU and Fires

2009

2018

Emissions Preparation & Results 

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Annual CO Emissions by Source Sector 

Name EGU NONEGU ONROAD NONROAD AREA FIRES YEAR 

11,279 174,271 1,366,056 414,385 83,958 474,959 2002 Actual 

11,460 174,260 942,793 414,385 83,958 514,120 2002 Typical 

AL 14,986 180,369 942,793 454,686 66,654 534,873 2009 

24,342 201,794 797,966 488,924 59,626 535,658 2018 

 

57,113 81,933 4,693,893 1,920,729 71,079 790,620 2002 Actual 

55,899 81,928 3,446,095 1,920,729 71,079 923,310 2002 Typical 

FL 35,928 87,037 3,446,095 2,104,920 57,011 923,310 2009 

53,772 96,819 3,086,330 2,323,327 53,903 923,310 2018 

 

9,712 130,656 2,833,468 791,158 108,083 654,411 2002 Actual 

9,650 130,656 2,053,694 791,158 108,083 620,342 2002 Typical 

GA 23,721 147,215 2,053,694 882,970 94,130 637,177 2009 

44,476 167,644 1,765,020 973,872 93,827 637,177 2018 

 

12,619 109,936 1,260,682 325,993 66,752 8,703 2002 Actual 

12,607 109,937 942,350 325,993 66,752 24,900 2002 Typical 

KY 15,812 122,024 942,350 357,800 57,887 31,810 2009 

17,144 139,437 782,423 381,215 54,865 33,296 2018 

 

5,303 54,568 894,639 236,752 37,905 13,209 2002 Actual 

5,219 54,567 628,151 236,752 37,905 14,353 2002 Typical 

MS 5,051 57,748 628,151 257,453 27,184 48,160 2009 

15,282 66,858 528,898 270,726 22,099 50,037 2018 

 

13,885 50,531 3,176,811 808,231 345,315 34,515 2002 Actual 

14,074 50,531 2,184,901 808,231 345,315 71,970 2002 Typical 

NC 14,942 53,696 2,184,901 887,605 301,163 96,258 2009 

20,223 62,145 1,510,848 960,709 290,809 111,266 2018 

 

6,990 56,315 1,275,161 413,964 113,714 248,341 2002 Actual 

6,969 56,315 912,280 413,964 113,714 253,005 2002 Typical 

SC 11,135 60,473 912,280 448,625 90,390 282,307 2009 

14,786 68,988 800,619 481,332 83,167 282,307 2018 

 

7,084 114,681 1,967,658 505,163 89,828 4,302 2002 Actual 

6,787 114,681 1,361,408 505,163 89,828 10,124 2002 Typical 

TN 7,214 119,039 1,361,408 554,121 74,189 17,372 2009 

7,723 140,138 1,150,516 593,100 68,809 18,860 2018 

 

6,892 63,796 2,170,508 660,105 155,873 15,625 2002 Actual 

6,797 63,784 1,495,771 660,105 155,873 12,611 2002 Typical 

VA 12,509 68,346 1,495,771 726,815 128,132 21,130 2009 

15,420 76,998 1,310,698 797,683 121,690 26,923 2018 

 

10,341 89,879 560,717 133,113 39,546 6,738 2002 Actual 

10,117 89,878 385,994 133,113 39,546 2,652 2002 Typical 

WV 11,493 100,045 385,994 152,862 31,640 3,949 2009 

11,961 119,332 319,030 167,424 28,773 5,013 2018 

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Annual NH3 Emissions by Source Sector

0

50,000

250,000200,000150,000100,000

AL

FL

GA

KY

MS

NC

SC

TN

VA

WV

Tons per year

FIRESAREANONROADONROADNONEGUEGU

2002 Actual EGU and Fires

2002 Typical EGU and Fires

2009

2018

Emissions Preparation & Results 

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Annual NH3 Emissions by Source Sector 

Name EGU NONEGU ONROAD NONROAD AREA FIRES YEAR 

317 1,883 5,576 33 58,318 1,689 2002 Actual 

239 1,883 6,350 33 58,318 1,957 2002 Typical 

AL 359 2,132 6,350 36 64,268 2,050 2009 

1,072 2,464 7,296 42 71,915 2,054 2018 

 

234 1,423 18,078 134 37,446 3,102 2002 Actual 

222 1,423 21,737 134 37,446 3,157 2002 Typical 

FL 1,631 1,544 21,737 148 38,616 3,157 2009 

2,976 1,829 26,154 171 40,432 3,157 2018 

 

83 3,613 10,524 60 80,913 2,578 2002 Actual 

86 3,613 12,660 60 80,913 2,153 2002 Typical 

GA 686 3,963 12,660 68 89,212 2,229 2009 

1,677 4,797 14,871 79 99,885 2,229 2018 

 

326 674 5,044 31 51,135 39 2002 Actual 

321 674 5,795 31 51,135 112 2002 Typical 

KY 400 760 5,795 34 53,005 143 2009 

476 901 6,584 40 55,211 150 2018 

 

190 1,169 3,577 23 58,721 59 2002 Actual 

198 1,169 4,026 23 58,721 65 2002 Typical 

MS 334 668 4,026 25 63,708 217 2009 

827 764 4,565 29 69,910 225 2018 

 

54 1,179 10,455 65 161,860 155 2002 Actual 

55 1,179 12,637 65 161,860 324 2002 Typical 

NC 445 1,285 12,637 72 170,314 433 2009 

663 1,465 13,077 83 180,866 501 2018 

 

142 1,411 4,684 33 28,166 980 2002 Actual 

141 1,411 5,510 33 28,166 908 2002 Typical 

SC 343 1,578 5,510 36 30,555 1,039 2009 

617 1,779 6,472 41 33,496 1,039 2018 

 

204 1,542 6,616 43 34,393 19 2002 Actual 

197 1,542 7,738 43 34,393 46 2002 Typical 

TN 227 1,764 7,738 48 35,253 78 2009 

241 2,115 8,962 55 36,291 85 2018 

 

127 3,104 7,837 48 43,905 70 2002 Actual 

130 3,104 9,066 48 43,905 57 2002 Typical 

VA 694 3,049 9,066 53 46,639 95 2009 

622 3,604 10,757 61 50,175 121 2018 

 

121 332 1,933 9 9,963 30 2002 Actual 

121 332 2,183 9 9,963 12 2002 Typical 

WV 330 341 2,183 11 10,625 18 2009 

180 413 2,484 13 11,504 23 2018 

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Annual NOx Emissions by Source Sector

0

800,000600,000400,000200,000

1,200,0001,000,000

AL

FL

GA

KY

MS

NC

SC

TN

VA

WV

Tons per year

FIRESAREANONROADONROADNONEGUEGU

2002 Actual EGU and Fires

2002 Typical EGU and Fires

2009

2018

Emissions Preparation & Results 

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Annual NOx Emissions by Source Sector 

Name EGU NONEGU ONROAD NONROAD AREA FIRES YEAR 

 161,038 83,310 158,423 65,366 23,444 10,728 2002 Actual 

154,704 83,302 101,323 65,366 23,444 11,456 2002 Typical 

AL 82,305 69,409 101,323 56,862 23,930 11,901 2009 

64,358 78,318 46,222 43,799 25,028 11,918 2018 

 

257,677 45,156 466,098 180,627 28,872 15,942 2002 Actual 

282,507 45,150 314,307 180,627 28,872 19,791 2002 Typical 

FL 86,165 46,020 314,307 163,794 28,187 19,791 2009 

73,125 51,902 154,611 127,885 30,708 19,791 2018 

 

147,517 49,214 308,013 97,961 36,142 14,203 2002 Actual 

148,126 49,214 208,393 97,961 36,142 13,882 2002 Typical 

GA 98,497 50,312 208,393 85,733 37,729 14,243 2009 

75,717 55,775 99,821 64,579 41,332 14,243 2018 

 

198,817 38,392 154,899 104,571 39,507 187 2002 Actual 

201,928 38,434 97,912 104,571 39,507 534 2002 Typical 

KY 92,021 37,758 97,912 94,752 42,088 682 2009 

64,378 41,034 42,104 79,392 44,346 714 2018 

 

43,135 61,526 111,791 88,787 4,200 283 2002 Actual 

40,433 61,553 69,949 88,787 4,200 308 2002 Typical 

MS 36,011 56,398 69,949 80,567 4,249 1,033 2009 

10,271 61,533 29,717 68,252 4,483 1,073 2018 

 

151,850 44,881 341,198 84,284 36,550 740 2002 Actual 

148,809 44,881 207,648 84,284 36,550 1,544 2002 Typical 

NC 66,517 34,719 207,648 70,997 39,954 2,065 2009 

62,346 37,750 81,706 49,046 43,865 2,387 2018 

 

 88,241 42,153 140,428 50,249 19,332 4,932 2002 Actual 

 88,528 42,153 91,696 50,249 19,332 5,270 2002 Typical 

SC 46,915 40,019 91,696 43,235 19,360 5,899 2009 

51,456 44,021 42,354 31,758 20,592 5,899 2018 

 

157,307 64,331 233,324 96,827 17,844 92 2002 Actual 

152,137 64,331 147,757 96,827 17,844 217 2002 Typical 

TN 66,405 57,869 147,757 86,641 18,499 373 2009 

31,715 63,435 65,242 70,226 19,597 405 2018 

 

86,886 60,415 219,602 63,219 51,418 335 2002 Actual 

85,081 60,390 133,170 63,219 51,418 271 2002 Typical 

VA 66,219 51,046 133,170 54,993 52,618 453 2009 

75,594 55,945 61,881 40,393 56,158 578 2018 

 

230,977 46,612 59,612 33,239 12,687 145 2002 Actual 

222,437 46,618 36,049 33,239 12,687 57 2002 Typical 

WV 86,328 38,031 36,049 30,133 13,439 85 2009 

51,241 43,359 16,274 25,710 14,828 108 2018 

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Annual PM10 Emissions by Source Sector

0

800,000600,000400,000200,000

1,200,0001,000,000

AL

FL

GA

KY

MS

NC

SC

TN

VA

WV

Tons per year

FIRESAREANONROADONROADNONEGUEGU

2002 Actual EGU and Fires

2002 Typical EGU and Fires

2009

2018

Emissions Preparation & Results 

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Annual PM10 Emissions by Source Sector 

Name EGU NONEGU ONROAD NONROAD AREA FIRES YEAR 

 7,646 25,240 3,898 4,787 393,588 47,237 2002 Actual 

 7,845 25,239 3,188 4,787 393,588 50,833 2002 Typical 

AL 6,969 25,421 3,188 4,027 413,020 52,851 2009 

7,822 29,924 2,488 3,041 445,256 52,927 2018 

 

21,387 35,857 11,253 18,281 443,346 85,263 2002 Actual 

21,391 35,856 9,953 18,281 443,346 98,470 2002 Typical 

FL 9,007 39,872 9,953 15,613 503,230 98,470 2009 

9,953 46,456 8,489 12,497 578,516 98,470 2018 

 

11,224 21,516 7,236 8,618 695,414 65,227 2002 Actual 

11,467 21,516 6,103 8,618 695,414 62,336 2002 Typical 

GA 17,891 22,997 6,103 7,521 776,411 63,973 2009 

20,909 27,143 4,995 6,015 880,199 63,973 2018 

 

4,701 16,626 3,720 6,425 233,559 846 2002 Actual 

4,795 16,626 3,002 6,425 233,559 2,421 2002 Typical 

KY 6,463 17,174 3,002 5,544 242,177 3,093 2009 

6,694 20,153 2,283 4,556 256,052 3,237 2018 

 

1,633 19,472 2,856 5,010 343,377 1,284 2002 Actual 

1,706 19,469 2,290 5,010 343,377 1,396 2002 Typical 

MS 4,957 19,245 2,290 4,270 356,324 4,683 2009 

7,187 22,859 1,688 3,452 375,495 4,865 2018 

 

22,754 13,785 6,905 7,348 280,379 3,356 2002 Actual 

22,994 13,785 5,861 7,348 280,379 6,998 2002 Typical 

NC 22,152 13,855 5,861 6,055 292,443 9,359 2009 

37,376 15,678 4,299 4,298 315,294 10,819 2018 

 

21,400 14,142 3,446 4,152 260,858 25,968 2002 Actual 

21,827 14,142 2,878 4,152 260,858 26,304 2002 Typical 

SC 19,395 13,370 2,878 3,471 278,299 29,153 2009 

28,826 15,139 2,258 2,617 304,251 29,153 2018 

 

14,640 34,534 5,338 6,819 212,554 418 2002 Actual 

13,866 34,534 4,238 6,819 212,554 984 2002 Typical 

TN 15,608 34,145 4,238 5,877 226,098 1,689 2009 

15,941 41,397 3,199 4,672 246,252 1,834 2018 

 

3,960 13,252 4,537 8,728 237,577 1,519 2002 Actual 

3,892 13,252 3,760 8,728 237,577 1,226 2002 Typical 

VA 5,508 13,048 3,760 7,510 252,488 2,054 2009 

13,775 15,112 3,343 6,208 275,351 2,618 2018 

 

4,573 17,503 1,395 1,850 115,346 655 2002 Actual 

4,472 17,503 1,096 1,850 115,346 258 2002 Typical 

WV 5,657 17,090 1,096 1,640 115,089 384 2009 

6,349 21,735 844 1,292 121,549 487 2018 

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Annual PM2.5 Emissions by Source Sector

0

50,000

250,000200,000150,000100,000

AL

FL

GA

KY

MS

NC

SC

TN

VA

WV

Tons per year

FIRESAREANONROADONROADNONEGUEGU

2002 Actual EGU and Fires

2002 Typical EGU and Fires

2009

2018

Emissions Preparation & Results 

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Annual PM2.5 Emissions by Source Sector 

Name EGU NONEGU ONROAD NONROAD AREA FIRES YEAR 

 4,113 19,178 2,794 4,502 56,654 42,041 2002 Actual 

 4,176 19,177 2,049 4,502 56,654 44,812 2002 Typical 

AL 3,921 19,230 2,049 3,776 58,699 46,543 2009 

4,768 22,598 1,262 2,835 62,323 46,608 2018 

 

15,643 30,504 7,852 17,415 58,878 75,717 2002 Actual 

15,575 30,504 6,216 17,415 58,878 88,756 2002 Typical 

FL 5,910 33,946 6,216 14,866 64,589 88,756 2009 

6,843 39,430 4,242 11,868 72,454 88,756 2018 

 

4,939 17,394 5,158 8,226 103,794 57,293 2002 Actual 

5,070 17,394 3,869 8,226 103,794 55,712 2002 Typical 

GA 10,907 18,906 3,869 7,175 112,001 57,116 2009 

13,983 22,323 2,517 5,730 123,704 57,116 2018 

 

2,802 11,372 2,693 6,046 45,453 726 2002 Actual 

2,847 11,372 1,941 6,046 45,453 2,076 2002 Typical 

KY 4,279 11,686 1,941 5,203 46,243 2,653 2009 

4,434 13,739 1,160 4,256 47,645 2,777 2018 

 

1,138 9,906 2,109 4,690 50,401 1,102 2002 Actual 

1,147 9,902 1,522 4,690 50,401 1,197 2002 Typical 

MS 4,777 9,199 1,522 3,985 51,661 4,016 2009 

7,033 10,739 876 3,203 53,222 4,173 2018 

 

16,498 10,455 4,816 7,005 64,052 2,878 2002 Actual 

16,623 10,455 3,643 7,005 64,052 6,002 2002 Typical 

NC 15,949 10,411 3,643 5,760 69,457 8,027 2009 

29,791 11,775 2,158 4,069 71,262 9,279 2018 

 

17,154 10,245 2,496 3,945 40,291 22,953 2002 Actual 

17,521 10,245 1,870 3,945 40,291 23,511 2002 Typical 

SC 16,042 9,390 1,870 3,294 41,613 25,955 2009 

25,032 11,086 1,154 2,474 44,319 25,955 2018 

 

12,166 27,345 3,919 6,458 42,566 359 2002 Actual 

11,491 27,345 2,782 6,458 42,566 844 2002 Typical 

TN 13,092 27,079 2,782 5,557 44,124 1,449 2009 

13,387 32,893 1,643 4,403 46,692 1,573 2018 

 

2,606 10,165 3,090 8,288 43,989 1,303 2002 Actual 

2,650 10,165 2,254 8,288 43,989 1,052 2002 Typical 

VA 4,067 9,988 2,254 7,136 44,514 1,762 '2009 

11,976 11,594 1,641 5,891 46,697 2,245 2018 

 

2,210 13,313 1,003 1,728 21,049 562 2002 Actual 

2,163 13,313 703 1,728 21,049 221 2002 Typical 

WV 2,940 12,769 703 1,528 20,664 329 2009 

3,648 16,516 428 1,198 21,490 418 2018 

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Annual SO2 Emissions by Source Sector

0

700,000600,000500,000400,000300,000200,000100,000

AL

FL

GA

KY

MS

NC

SC

TN

VA

WV

Tons per year

FIRESAREANONROADONROADNONEGUEGU

2002 Actual EGU and Fires

2002 Typical EGU and Fires

2009

2018

Emissions Preparation & Results 

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Annual SO2 Emissions by Source Sector 

Name EGU NONEGU ONROAD NONROAD AREA FIRES YEAR 

 447,828 96,481 6,885 7,584 52,253 2,208 2002 Actual 

 423,736 96,481 635 7,584 52,253 2,559 2002 Typical 

AL 378,052 101,246 635 3,471 48,228 2,681 2009 

305,262 113,224 720 2,818 50,264 2,686 2018 

 

453,631 65,090 20,872 20,614 40,491 4,057 2002 Actual 

483,590 65,090 2,120 20,614 40,491 4,129 2002 Typical 

FL 186,055 65,511 2,120 8,967 36,699 4,129 2009 

132,177 75,047 2,533 7,536 38,317 4,129 2018 

 

514,952 53,774 12,155 9,005 57,559 3,372 2002 Actual 

517,633 53,774 1,254 9,005 57,559 2,815 2002 Typical 

GA 417,449 53,983 1,254 2,725 57,696 2,914 2009 

230,856 59,343 1,458 1,709 59,729 2,914 2018 

 

484,057 34,029 5,974 14,043 41,805 51 2002 Actual 

495,153 34,029 585 14,043 41,805 146 2002 Typical 

KY 290,193 36,418 585 9,180 43,087 187 2009 

226,062 40,682 651 8,592 44,186 196 2018 

 

67,429 35,960 4,604 11,315 771 78 2002 Actual 

60,086 35,954 397 11,315 771 84 2002 Typical 

MS 76,579 25,564 397 7,191 753 283 2009 

15,146 39,221 441 6,638 746 294 2018 

 

477,990 44,103 13,343 7,693 5,412 203 2002 Actual 

478,488 44,103 1,311 7,693 5,412 423 2002 Typical 

NC 242,286 42,516 1,311 1,892 5,751 566 2009 

108,492 46,292 1,323 905 6,085 655 2018 

 

206,399 53,518 5,958 4,866 12,900 1,281 2002 Actual 

210,272 53,518 556 4,866 12,900 1,187 2002 Typical 

SC 124,608 48,325 556 1,701 13,051 1,359 2009 

93,274 53,577 643 1,198 13,457 1,359 2018 

 

334,151 79,584 9,184 10,441 29,917 25 2002 Actual 

320,146 79,584 831 10,441 29,917 60 2002 Typical 

TN 255,410 70,657 831 5,651 30,577 102 2009 

112,672 77,219 944 5,207 31,962 111 2018 

 

241,204 63,903 7,218 8,663 105,890 92 2002 Actual 

233,691 63,900 900 8,663 105,890 74 2002 Typical 

VA 225,653 62,560 900 1,707 105,984 124 2009 

140,233 68,909 1,059 507 109,380 158 2018 

 

516,084 54,070 2,489 2,112 11,667 40 2002 Actual 

500,381 54,077 227 2,112 11,667 16 2002 Typical 

WV 277,489 55,973 227 359 12,284 23 2009 

115,324 62,193 255 56 12,849 29 2018 

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Annual VOC Emissions by Source Sector

0

800,000600,000400,000200,000

1,400,0001,200,0001,000,000

AL

FL

GA

KY

MS

NC

SC

TN

VA

WV

Tons per year

FIRESAREANONROADONROADNONEGUEGU

2002 Actual EGU and Fires

2002 Typical EGU and Fires

2009

2018

Emissions Preparation & Results 

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Annual VOC Emissions by Source Sector 

Name EGU NONEGU ONROAD NONROAD AREA FIRES YEAR 

 2,295 47,037 119,790 60,487 182,674 25,278 2002 Actual 

 2,288 47,035 72,848 60,487 182,674 26,526 2002 Typical 

AL 2,473 46,644 72,848 50,249 143,454 27,502 2009 

 2,952 54,291 47,296 40,407 153,577 27,539 2018 

 

 2,524 38,471 495,225 272,072 404,302 42,724 2002 Actual 

 2,531 38,471 323,290 272,072 404,302 51,527 2002 Typical 

FL 1,910 36,880 323,290 209,543 420,172 51,527 2009 

 2,376 42,811 216,620 183,452 489,975 51,527 2018 

 

 1,244 33,157 267,378 85,965 299,679 33,979 2002 Actual 

 1,256 33,157 184,239 85,965 299,679 33,918 2002 Typical 

GA 2,314 33,444 184,239 67,686 272,315 34,710 2009 

 2,841 39,485 105,507 56,761 319,328 34,710 2018 

 

 1,487 44,834 98,311 44,805 95,375 410 2002 Actual 

 1,481 44,834 63,258 44,805 95,375 1,172 2002 Typical 

KY 1,369 47,786 63,258 38,558 94,042 1,497 2009 

 1,426 55,861 39,084 30,920 103,490 1,567 2018 

 

 648 43,204 82,810 41,081 131,808 622 2002 Actual 

 629 43,203 49,670 41,081 131,808 675 2002 Typical 

MS 404 37,747 49,670 36,197 124,977 2,266 2009 

 1,114 45,338 30,734 28,842 140,134 2,355 2018 

 

 988 60,496 253,374 94,480 237,926 1,624 2002 Actual 

 986 60,496 163,803 94,480 237,926 3,387 2002 Typical 

NC 954 61,207 163,803 74,056 187,769 4,530 2009 

 1,345 70,100 88,620 61,327 189,591 5,236 2018 

 

 470 38,458 106,792 55,016 161,000 14,202 2002 Actual 

 470 38,458 67,281 55,016 161,000 14,666 2002 Typical 

SC 660 35,665 67,281 43,061 146,107 16,045 2009 

 906 43,656 44,700 36,131 161,228 16,045 2018 

 

 926 77,304 169,914 66,450 153,307 202 2002 Actual 

 890 77,304 108,200 66,450 153,307 476 2002 Typical 

TN 932 66,538 108,200 55,358 154,377 817 2009 

 976 83,573 64,665 45,084 182,222 888 2018 

 

 754 43,152 144,684 74,866 174,116 735 2002 Actual 

 747 43,152 89,678 74,866 174,116 593 2002 Typical 

VA 778 43,726 89,678 57,009 147,034 994 2009 

 997 53,186 60,454 49,052 150,919 1,267 2018 

 

 1,180 14,595 40,066 18,566 60,443 317 2002 Actual 

 1,140 14,595 23,907 18,566 60,443 125 2002 Typical 

WV 1,361 13,810 23,907 18,069 55,288 186 2009 

 1,387 16,565 15,463 14,086 60,747 236 2018 

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.5 - 278 

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Annual CO Emissions by Source Sector

0

8,000,0007,000,0006,000,0005,000,0004,000,0003,000,0002,000,0001,000,000

AL

FL

GA

KY

MS

NC

SC

TN

VA

WV

Tons per year

FIRESAREANONROADONROADNONEGUEGU

2002

2009 OTB

2009 OTW

2018 OTB

2018 OTW

EGU and NonEGU values based on 2002 Typical Emissions

All Fire emissions based on Typical Year values

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.5 - 279 

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Annual CO Emissions by Source Sector 

Name AREA EGU FIRES NONEGU NONROAD ONROAD YEAR Basis 

83,958 10,812 514,120 174,306 367,038 1,366,056 2002 OTB - Typical 2002 

 68,882 16,494 514,120 177,145 408,424 942,793 2009 OTB - Typical 2002 

AL 68,882 19,205 514,120 177,145 408,424 942,793 2009 OTW - Typical 2002 

 63,773 26,600 514,120 194,801 443,100 797,966 2018 OTB - Typical 2002 

 63,773 29,893 514,120 194,801 443,100 797,966 2018 OTW - Typical 2002 

 

105,849 51,165 923,310 84,920 1,731,519 4,693,893 2002 OTB - Typical 2002 

101,356 40,642 923,310 98,325 1,934,550 3,446,095 2009 OTB - Typical 2002 

FL 101,356 40,641 923,310 98,325 1,934,550 3,446,095 2009 OTW - Typical 2002 

100,952 59,793 923,310 113,923 2,179,296 3,086,330 2018 OTB - Typical 2002 

100,952 57,759 923,310 113,923 2,179,296 3,086,330 2018 OTW - Typical 2002 

 

107,889 8,098 620,342 131,417 700,427 2,833,468 2002 OTB - Typical 2002 

103,579 19,170 620,342 147,835 783,990 2,053,694 2009 OTB - Typical 2002 

GA 103,579 20,024 620,342 147,835 783,990 2,053,694 2009 OTW - Typical 2002 

105,059 27,152 620,342 169,156 868,018 1,765,020 2018 OTB - Typical 2002 

105,059 28,895 620,342 169,156 868,018 1,765,020 2018 OTW - Typical 2002 

 

66,752 12,888 56,686 110,141 289,967 1,260,682 2002 OTB - Typical 2002 

64,806 15,273 56,686 121,981 306,884 942,350 2009 OTB - Typical 2002 

KY 64,806 15,119 56,686 121,981 306,884 942,350 2009 OTW - Typical 2002 

65,297 16,974 56,686 139,395 349,285 782,423 2018 OTB - Typical 2002 

65,297 14,954 56,686 139,395 349,285 782,423 2018 OTW - Typical 2002 

 

37,905 3,831 128,471 57,711 213,779 894,639 2002 OTB - Typical 2002 

37,161 6,714 128,471 60,709 237,297 628,151 2009 OTB - Typical 2002 

MS 37,161 6,954 128,471 60,709 237,297 628,151 2009 OTW - Typical 2002 

36,425 10,553 128,471 70,454 252,658 528,898 2018 OTB - Typical 2002 

36,425 12,928 128,471 70,454 252,658 528,898 2018 OTW - Typical 2002 

 

373,585 12,027 200,564 52,542 725,734 3,176,811 2002 OTB - Typical 2002 

332,443 11,091 200,564 54,791 797,360 2,184,901 2009 OTB - Typical 2002 

NC 332,443 11,170 200,564 54,791 797,360 2,184,901 2009 OTW - Typical 2002 

327,871 13,482 200,564 63,699 863,536 1,510,848 2018 OTB - Typical 2002 

327,871 13,777 200,564 63,699 863,536 1,510,848 2018 OTW - Typical 2002 

 

113,714 3,675 253,005 59,605 367,575 1,275,161 2002 OTB - Typical 2002 

95,826 6,316 253,005 65,612 402,871 912,280 2009 OTB - Typical 2002 

SC 95,826 6,526 253,005 65,612 402,871 912,280 2009 OTW - Typical 2002 

89,343 10,175 253,005 75,209 438,027 800,619 2018 OTB - Typical 2002 

89,343 10,671 253,005 75,209 438,027 800,619 2018 OTW - Typical 2002 

 

89,235 6,339 78,370 119,405 451,480 1,967,658 2002 OTB - Typical 2002 

82,196 6,750 78,370 121,420 500,186 1,361,408 2009 OTB - Typical 2002 

TN 82,196 6,651 78,370 121,420 500,186 1,361,408 2009 OTW - Typical 2002 

81,242 7,074 78,370 143,845 540,143 1,150,516 2018 OTB - Typical 2002 

81,242 6,509 78,370 143,845 540,143 1,150,516 2018 OTW - Typical 2002 

 

155,873 5,958 19,159 62,534 595,311 2,170,508 2002 OTB - Typical 2002 

133,738 9,811 19,159 69,822 661,295 1,495,771 2009 OTB - Typical 2002 

VA 133,738 10,245 19,159 69,822 661,295 1,495,771 2009 OTW - Typical 2002 

 129,037 14,788 19,159 77,590 734,294 1,310,698 2018 OTB - Typical 2002 

 129,037 14,839 19,159 77,590 734,294 1,310,698 2018 OTW - Typical 2002 

 

39,546 9,927 32,656 89,928 119,089 560,717 2002 OTB - Typical 2002 

37,704 12,622 32,656 100,292 138,999 385,994 2009 OTB - Typical 2002 

WV 37,704 12,328 32,656 100,292 138,999 385,994 2009 OTW - Typical 2002 

36,809 13,064 32,656 119,367 152,932 319,030 2018 OTB - Typical 2002 

36,809 12,992 32,656 119,367 152,932 319,030 2018 OTW - Typical 2002 

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.5 - 280 

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Annual NH3 Emissions by Source Sector

0

50,000

250,000200,000150,000100,000

AL

FL

GA

KY

MS

NC

SC

TN

VA

WV

Tons per year

FIRESAREANONROADONROADNONEGUEGU

2002

2009 OTB

2009 OTW

2018 OTB

2018 OTW

EGU and NonEGU values based on 2002 Typical Emissions

All Fire emissions based on Typical Year values

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.5 - 281 

 December 17, 2007
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MACTEC, Inc. 208

Annual NH3 Emissions by Source Sector 

Name EGU NONEGU ONROAD NONROAD AREA FIRES YEAR Basis 

89 1,883 5,576 32 59,486 1,957 2002 OTB - Typical 2002 

1,128 2,112 6,350 35 65,441 1,957 2009 OTB - Typical 2002 

AL 1,344 2,112 6,350 35 65,441 1,957 2009 OTW - Typical 2002 

1,909 2,456 7,296 40 73,346 1,957 2018 OTB - Typical 2002 

2,173 2,456 7,296 40 73,346 1,957 2018 OTW - Typical 2002 

 

53 1,383 18,078 108 44,902 3,157 2002 OTB - Typical 2002 

2,524 1,605 21,737 119 46,950 3,157 2009 OTB - Typical 2002 

FL 2,524 1,605 21,737 119 46,950 3,157 2009 OTW - Typical 2002 

4,022 1,905 26,154 138 49,889 3,157 2018 OTB - Typical 2002 

3,865 1,905 26,154 138 49,889 3,157 2018 OTW - Typical 2002 

 

5 3,613 10,524 54 84,230 2,153 2002 OTB - Typical 2002 

1,305 3,963 12,660 60 92,838 2,153 2009 OTB - Typical 2002 

GA 1,376 3,963 12,660 60 92,838 2,153 2009 OTW - Typical 2002 

1,912 4,799 14,871 71 103,911 2,153 2018 OTB - Typical 2002 

2,057 4,799 14,871 71 103,911 2,153 2018 OTW - Typical 2002 

 

0 674 5,044 28 51,097 110 2002 OTB - Typical 2002 

717 733 5,795 30 53,023 110 2009 OTB - Typical 2002 

KY 710 733 5,795 30 53,023 110 2009 OTW - Typical 2002 

763 839 6,584 36 55,356 110 2018 OTB - Typical 2002 

771 839 6,584 36 55,356 110 2018 OTW - Typical 2002 

 

97 1,169 3,577 23 59,262 177 2002 OTB - Typical 2002 

388 667 4,026 26 64,289 177 2009 OTB - Typical 2002 

MS 407 667 4,026 26 64,289 177 2009 OTW - Typical 2002 

686 761 4,565 30 70,565 177 2018 OTB - Typical 2002 

872 761 4,565 30 70,565 177 2018 OTW - Typical 2002 

 

35 1,171 10,455 61 164,467 324 2002 OTB - Typical 2002 

577 1,255 12,637 68 173,187 324 2009 OTB - Typical 2002 

NC 574 1,255 12,637 68 173,187 324 2009 OTW - Typical 2002 

740 1,412 13,077 79 184,167 324 2018 OTB - Typical 2002 

781 1,412 13,077 79 184,167 324 2018 OTW - Typical 2002 

 

0 1,411 4,684 29 29,447 908 2002 OTB - Typical 2002 

409 1,578 5,510 32 31,966 908 2009 OTB - Typical 2002 

SC 422 1,578 5,510 32 31,966 908 2009 OTW - Typical 2002 

702 1,779 6,472 37 35,082 908 2018 OTB - Typical 2002 

742 1,779 6,472 37 35,082 908 2018 OTW - Typical 2002 

 

0 1,620 6,616 41 35,571 46 2002 OTB - Typical 2002 

406 1,861 7,738 45 36,578 46 2009 OTB - Typical 2002 

TN 400 1,861 7,738 45 36,578 46 2009 OTW - Typical 2002 

427 2,240 8,962 53 37,812 46 2018 OTB - Typical 2002 

394 2,240 8,962 53 37,812 46 2018 OTW - Typical 2002 

 

122 3,097 7,837 44 46,221 159 2002 OTB - Typical 2002 

396 3,057 9,066 48 49,173 159 2009 OTB - Typical 2002 

VA 439 3,057 9,066 48 49,173 159 2009 OTW - Typical 2002 

759 3,620 10,757 57 53,023 159 2018 OTB - Typical 2002 

783 3,620 10,757 57 53,023 159 2018 OTW - Typical 2002 

 

12 331 1,933 10 10,779 12 2002 OTB - Typical 2002 

691 342 2,183 11 11,461 12 2009 OTB - Typical 2002 

WV 673 342 2,183 11 11,461 12 2009 OTW - Typical 2002 

722 416 2,484 13 12,390 12 2018 OTB - Typical 2002 

719 416 2,484 13 12,390 12 2018 OTW - Typical 2002 

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.5 - 282 

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MACTEC, Inc. 209

Annual NOx Emissions by Source Sector

0

800,000600,000400,000200,000

1,200,0001,000,000

AL

FL

GA

KY

MS

NC

SC

TN

VA

WV

Tons per year

FIRESAREANONROADONROADNONEGUEGU

2002 

2009 OTB

2009 OTW

2018 OTB

2018 OTW

EGU and NonEGU values based on 2002 Typical Emissions

All Fire emissions based on Typical Year values

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.5 - 283 

 December 17, 2007
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MACTEC, Inc. 210

Annual NOx Emissions by Source Sector 

Name EGU NONEGU ONROAD NONROAD AREA FIRES YEAR Basis 

153,349 83,868 158,423 64,891 23,444 11,456 2002 OTB - Typical 2002 

131,988 80,738 101,323 55,494 26,482 11,456 2009 OTB - Typical 2002 

AL 132,323 70,644 101,323 55,494 26,482 11,456 2009 OTW - Typical 2002 

135,010 91,052 46,222 42,573 28,754 11,456 2018 OTB - Typical 2002 

39,942 80,031 46,222 42,573 28,754 11,456 2018 OTW - Typical 2002 

 

247,099 59,517 466,098 150,519 29,477 19,791 2002 OTB - Typical 2002 

148,522 67,533 314,307 136,851 31,821 19,791 2009 OTB - Typical 2002 

FL 147,801 67,533 314,307 136,851 31,821 19,791 2009 OTW - Typical 2002 

159,004 77,551 154,611 111,959 35,047 19,791 2018 OTB - Typical 2002 

59,446 77,551 154,611 111,959 35,047 19,791 2018 OTW - Typical 2002 

 

120,785 52,425 308,013 91,386 36,105 13,882 2002 OTB - Typical 2002 

131,901 53,008 208,393 79,049 38,876 13,882 2009 OTB - Typical 2002 

GA 119,425 53,008 208,393 79,049 38,876 13,882 2009 OTW - Typical 2002 

128,938 59,005 99,821 60,650 42,260 13,882 2018 OTB - Typical 2002 

65,559 59,005 99,821 60,650 42,260 13,882 2018 OTW - Typical 2002 

 

209,802 38,460 154,899 101,261 39,507 1,460 2002 OTB - Typical 2002 

178,930 37,960 97,912 90,803 42,122 1,460 2009 OTB - Typical 2002 

KY 177,272 37,201 97,912 90,803 42,122 1,460 2009 OTW - Typical 2002 

182,192 41,776 42,104 77,295 45,597 1,460 2018 OTB - Typical 2002 

64,674 40,948 42,104 77,295 45,597 1,460 2018 OTW - Typical 2002 

 

27,254 76,906 111,791 90,686 4,200 3,328 2002 OTB - Typical 2002 

38,911 70,463 69,949 81,780 4,789 3,328 2009 OTB - Typical 2002 

MS 38,978 70,463 69,949 81,780 4,789 3,328 2009 OTW - Typical 2002 

38,355 76,738 29,717 68,781 5,230 3,328 2018 OTB - Typical 2002 

11,206 76,738 29,717 68,781 5,230 3,328 2018 OTW - Typical 2002 

 

144,730 50,393 341,198 81,448 48,730 5,005 2002 OTB - Typical 2002 

66,598 46,242 207,648 66,382 53,550 5,005 2009 OTB - Typical 2002 

NC 67,051 46,242 207,648 66,382 53,550 5,005 2009 OTW - Typical 2002 

64,537 50,044 81,706 45,146 60,073 5,005 2018 OTB - Typical 2002 

59,917 50,044 81,706 45,146 60,073 5,005 2018 OTW - Typical 2002 

 

85,555 44,123 140,428 46,789 19,332 5,270 2002 OTB - Typical 2002 

50,433 43,799 91,696 39,544 20,852 5,270 2009 OTB - Typical 2002 

SC 50,128 42,944 91,696 39,544 20,852 5,270 2009 OTW - Typical 2002 

55,103 48,314 42,354 29,512 22,467 5,270 2018 OTB - Typical 2002 

36,264 47,403 42,354 29,512 22,467 5,270 2018 OTW - Typical 2002 

 

155,028 73,384 233,324 95,968 17,829 2,232 2002 OTB - Typical 2002 

106,979 62,435 147,757 85,084 19,148 2,232 2009 OTB - Typical 2002 

TN 104,528 61,176 147,757 85,084 19,148 2,232 2009 OTW - Typical 2002 

112,411 69,374 65,242 69,093 20,928 2,232 2018 OTB - Typical 2002 

32,411 67,999 65,242 69,093 20,928 2,232 2018 OTW - Typical 2002 

 

82,911 61,528 219,602 58,524 51,418 978 2002 OTB - Typical 2002 

64,950 64,298 133,170 50,120 53,344 978 2009 OTB - Typical 2002 

VA 62,810 60,027 133,170 50,120 53,344 978 2009 OTW - Typical 2002 

56,716 71,480 61,881 36,970 56,668 978 2018 OTB - Typical 2002 

40,045 66,931 61,881 36,970 56,668 978 2018 OTW - Typical 2002 

 

222,090 46,715 59,612 34,442 12,687 944 2002 OTB - Typical 2002 

173,977 42,140 36,049 31,148 13,816 944 2009 OTB - Typical 2002 

WV 174,572 40,469 36,049 31,148 13,816 944 2009 OTW - Typical 2002 

170,522 46,846 16,274 26,279 15,079 944 2018 OTB - Typical 2002 

42,227 44,944 16,274 26,279 15,079 944 2018 OTW - Typical 2002 

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.5 - 284 

 December 17, 2007
Documentation of the Base G 2002 Base Year, 2009 and 2018, Emission Inventories for VISTAS 

MACTEC, Inc. 211

Annual PM10 Emissions by Source Sector

0

800,000600,000400,000200,000

1,200,0001,000,000

AL

FL

GA

KY

MS

NC

SC

TN

VA

WV

Tons per year

FIRESAREANONROADONROADNONEGUEGU

2002

2009 OTB

2009 OTW

2018 OTB

2018 OTW

EGU and NonEGU values based on 2002 Actual Emissions

All Fire emissions based on Typical Year values

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.5 - 285 

 December 17, 2007
Documentation of the Base G 2002 Base Year, 2009 and 2018, Emission Inventories for VISTAS 

MACTEC, Inc. 212

Annual PM10 Emissions by Source Sector 

Name EGU NONEGU ONROAD NONROAD AREA FIRES YEAR Basis 

5,737 24,957 3,898 5,331 393,093 50,833 2002 OTB - Typical 2002 

29,053 25,161 3,188 4,597 411,614 50,833 2009 OTB - Typical 2002 

AL 23,250 25,161 3,188 4,597 411,614 50,833 2009 OTW - Typical 2002 

31,815 29,278 2,488 3,690 445,168 50,833 2018 OTB - Typical 2002 

20,450 29,278 2,488 3,690 445,168 50,833 2018 OTW - Typical 2002 

 

33,182 28,882 11,253 17,692 446,821 98,470 2002 OTB - Typical 2002 

25,779 27,531 9,953 15,630 507,515 98,470 2009 OTB - Typical 2002 

FL 24,493 27,531 9,953 15,630 507,515 98,470 2009 OTW - Typical 2002 

27,320 31,890 8,489 13,827 582,832 98,470 2018 OTB - Typical 2002 

22,204 31,890 8,489 13,827 582,832 98,470 2018 OTW - Typical 2002 

 

5,447 22,058 7,236 8,295 695,320 62,336 2002 OTB - Typical 2002 

39,580 23,861 6,103 7,368 776,935 62,336 2009 OTB - Typical 2002 

GA 28,118 23,861 6,103 7,368 776,935 62,336 2009 OTW - Typical 2002 

41,221 28,177 4,995 6,068 880,800 62,336 2018 OTB - Typical 2002 

26,905 28,177 4,995 6,068 880,800 62,336 2018 OTW - Typical 2002 

 

6,000 15,613 3,720 6,389 233,559 6,667 2002 OTB - Typical 2002 

32,406 15,858 3,002 5,312 242,345 6,667 2009 OTB - Typical 2002 

KY 29,606 15,858 3,002 5,312 242,345 6,667 2009 OTW - Typical 2002 

33,784 18,587 2,283 4,602 256,544 6,667 2018 OTB - Typical 2002 

25,733 18,587 2,283 4,602 256,544 6,667 2018 OTW - Typical 2002 

 

4,783 19,680 2,856 5,551 343,377 14,693 2002 OTB - Typical 2002 

5,864 19,439 2,290 4,754 356,516 14,693 2009 OTB - Typical 2002 

MS 5,883 19,439 2,290 4,754 356,516 14,693 2009 OTW - Typical 2002 

6,268 23,145 1,688 3,873 375,931 14,693 2018 OTB - Typical 2002 

6,459 23,145 1,688 3,873 375,931 14,693 2018 OTW - Typical 2002 

 

22,689 14,507 6,905 7,449 303,492 20,488 2002 OTB - Typical 2002 

23,028 14,301 5,861 6,210 317,847 20,488 2009 OTB - Typical 2002 

NC 21,459 14,301 5,861 6,210 317,847 20,488 2009 OTW - Typical 2002 

21,417 16,002 4,299 4,474 345,275 20,488 2018 OTB - Typical 2002 

20,258 16,002 4,299 4,474 345,275 20,488 2018 OTW - Typical 2002 

 

23,492 18,149 3,446 4,211 260,858 26,304 2002 OTB - Typical 2002 

18,023 17,368 2,878 3,593 278,852 26,304 2009 OTB - Typical 2002 

SC 17,493 17,368 2,878 3,593 278,852 26,304 2009 OTW - Typical 2002 

19,290 20,272 2,258 2,889 304,940 26,304 2018 OTB - Typical 2002 

19,182 20,272 2,258 2,889 304,940 26,304 2018 OTW - Typical 2002 

 

14,537 35,982 5,338 7,145 211,903 8,875 2002 OTB - Typical 2002 

17,735 33,838 4,238 6,218 225,650 8,875 2009 OTB - Typical 2002 

TN 17,159 33,838 4,238 6,218 225,650 8,875 2009 OTW - Typical 2002 

19,103 41,466 3,199 5,019 245,893 8,875 2018 OTB - Typical 2002 

12,432 41,466 3,199 5,019 245,893 8,875 2018 OTW - Typical 2002 

 

3,790 12,799 4,537 7,928 237,577 18,160 2002 OTB - Typical 2002 

15,343 13,470 3,760 6,763 252,924 18,160 2009 OTB - Typical 2002 

VA 12,804 13,470 3,760 6,763 252,924 18,160 2009 OTW - Typical 2002 

14,390 15,661 3,343 5,564 275,790 18,160 2018 OTB - Typical 2002 

12,653 15,661 3,343 5,564 275,790 18,160 2018 OTW - Typical 2002 

 

7,145 14,866 1,395 2,072 115,346 3,276 2002 OTB - Typical 2002 

36,442 14,926 1,096 1,819 115,410 3,276 2009 OTB - Typical 2002 

WV 31,780 14,926 1,096 1,819 115,410 3,276 2009 OTW - Typical 2002 

37,425 18,433 844 1,381 121,964 3,276 2018 OTB - Typical 2002 

24,253 18,433 844 1,381 121,964 3,276 2018 OTW - Typical 2002 

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.5 - 286 

 December 17, 2007
Documentation of the Base G 2002 Base Year, 2009 and 2018, Emission Inventories for VISTAS 

MACTEC, Inc. 213

Annual PM2.5 Emissions by Source Sector

0

50,000

300,000250,000200,000150,000100,000

AL

FL

GA

KY

MS

NC

SC

TN

VA

WV

Tons per year

FIRESAREANONROADONROADNONEGUEGU

2002

2009 OTB

2009 OTW

2018 OTB

2018 OTW

EGU and NonEGU values based on 2002 Typical Emissions

All Fire emissions based on Typical Year values

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.5 - 287 

 December 17, 2007
Documentation of the Base G 2002 Base Year, 2009 and 2018, Emission Inventories for VISTAS 

MACTEC, Inc. 214

Annual PM2.5 Emissions by Source Sector 

Name EGU NONEGU ONROAD NONROAD AREA FIRES YEAR Basis 

3,131 19,016 2,794 4,877 73,352 44,812 2002 OTB - Typical 2002 

24,875 19,184 2,049 4,144 76,248 44,812 2009 OTB - Typical 2002 

AL 19,190 19,184 2,049 4,144 76,248 44,812 2009 OTW - Typical 2002 

27,280 22,268 1,262 3,231 82,449 44,812 2018 OTB - Typical 2002 

16,279 22,268 1,262 3,231 82,449 44,812 2018 OTW - Typical 2002 

 

25,761 24,569 7,852 16,739 81,341 88,756 2002 OTB - Typical 2002 

19,307 23,063 6,216 14,786 90,487 88,756 2009 OTB - Typical 2002 

FL 18,186 23,063 6,216 14,786 90,487 88,756 2009 OTW - Typical 2002 

20,848 26,622 4,242 13,044 101,872 88,756 2018 OTB - Typical 2002 

16,278 26,622 4,242 13,044 101,872 88,756 2018 OTW - Typical 2002 

 

2,137 17,893 5,158 7,899 133,542 55,712 2002 OTB - Typical 2002 

33,111 19,562 3,869 7,014 146,691 55,712 2009 OTB - Typical 2002 

GA 22,163 19,562 3,869 7,014 146,691 55,712 2009 OTW - Typical 2002 

34,361 23,110 2,517 5,769 163,925 55,712 2018 OTB - Typical 2002 

20,549 23,110 2,517 5,769 163,925 55,712 2018 OTW - Typical 2002 

 

3,605 10,729 2,693 5,998 52,765 6,310 2002 OTB - Typical 2002 

26,640 10,837 1,941 4,978 54,397 6,310 2009 OTB - Typical 2002 

KY 23,915 10,837 1,941 4,978 54,397 6,310 2009 OTW - Typical 2002 

27,857 12,738 1,160 4,289 57,110 6,310 2018 OTB - Typical 2002 

19,915 12,738 1,160 4,289 57,110 6,310 2018 OTW - Typical 2002 

 

4,384 10,187 2,109 5,200 63,135 13,680 2002 OTB - Typical 2002 

5,511 9,459 1,522 4,440 65,321 13,680 2009 OTB - Typical 2002 

MS 5,530 9,459 1,522 4,440 65,321 13,680 2009 OTW - Typical 2002 

5,919 11,068 876 3,597 68,338 13,680 2018 OTB - Typical 2002 

6,110 11,068 876 3,597 68,338 13,680 2018 OTW - Typical 2002 

 

16,428 11,204 4,816 7,079 69,663 19,491 2002 OTB - Typical 2002 

17,449 10,888 3,643 5,889 75,570 19,491 2009 OTB - Typical 2002 

NC 16,034 10,888 3,643 5,889 75,570 19,491 2009 OTW - Typical 2002 

15,636 12,136 2,158 4,215 85,018 19,491 2018 OTB - Typical 2002 

14,702 12,136 2,158 4,215 85,018 19,491 2018 OTW - Typical 2002 

 

19,238 13,565 2,496 3,985 51,413 23,511 2002 OTB - Typical 2002 

14,471 12,977 1,870 3,396 54,230 23,511 2009 OTB - Typical 2002 

SC 14,079 12,977 1,870 3,396 54,230 23,511 2009 OTW - Typical 2002 

15,601 15,092 1,154 2,718 58,441 23,511 2018 OTB - Typical 2002 

15,509 15,092 1,154 2,718 58,441 23,511 2018 OTW - Typical 2002 

 

11,918 29,130 3,919 6,756 49,131 8,730 2002 OTB - Typical 2002 

15,770 27,313 2,782 5,873 51,753 8,730 2009 OTB - Typical 2002 

TN 15,228 27,313 2,782 5,873 51,753 8,730 2009 OTW - Typical 2002 

17,103 33,502 1,643 4,724 55,712 8,730 2018 OTB - Typical 2002 

10,514 33,502 1,643 4,724 55,712 8,730 2018 OTW - Typical 2002 

 

2,559 9,868 3,090 7,486 52,271 17,361 2002 OTB - Typical 2002 

13,451 10,368 2,254 6,388 54,587 17,361 2009 OTB - Typical 2002 

VA 11,237 10,368 2,254 6,388 54,587 17,361 2009 OTW - Typical 2002 

12,366 12,062 1,641 5,241 58,141 17,361 2018 OTB - Typical 2002 

10,755 12,062 1,641 5,241 58,141 17,361 2018 OTW - Typical 2002 

 

3,356 12,154 1,003 1,941 25,850 3,239 2002 OTB - Typical 2002 

29,773 12,138 703 1,699 25,835 3,239 2009 OTB - Typical 2002 

WV 25,251 12,138 703 1,699 25,835 3,239 2009 OTW - Typical 2002 

30,628 15,045 428 1,284 27,088 3,239 2018 OTB - Typical 2002 

17,548 15,045 428 1,284 27,088 3,239 2018 OTW - Typical 2002 

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

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Annual SO2 Emissions by Source Sector

0

800,000700,000600,000500,000400,000300,000200,000100,000

AL

AL

AL

FL

FL

FL

GA

GA

GA

KY

KY

KY

MS

MS

MS

NC

NC

NC

SC

SC

SC

TN

TN

TN

VA

VA

VA

WV

WV

WV

Tons per year

FIRESAREANONROADONROADNONEGUEGU

2002

2009 OTB

2009 OTW

2018 OTB

2018 OTW

EGU and NonEGU values based on 2002 Typical Emissions

All Fire emissions based on Typical Year values

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

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216

Annual SO2 Emissions by Source Sector 

Name EGU NONEGU ONROAD NONROAD AREA FIRES YEAR Basis 

AL 421,734 96,447 6,885 7,539 47,074 2,559 2002 OTB - Typical 2002 

AL 465,576 100,845 635 3,463 17,818 2,559 2009 OTB - Typical 2002 

AL 314,841 100,845 635 3,463 17,818 2,559 2009 OTW - Typical 2002 

AL 375,305 112,771 720 2,815 49,975 2,559 2018 OTB - Typical 2002 

AL 226,506 112,771 720 2,815 49,975 2,559 2018 OTW - Typical 2002 

 

FL 443,152 70,165 20,872 17,023 40,537 4,129 2002 OTB - Typical 2002 

FL 219,072 76,851 2,120 8,380 52,390 4,129 2009 OTB - Typical 2002 

FL 199,834 76,851 2,120 8,380 52,390 4,129 2009 OTW - Typical 2002 

FL 215,177 87,065 2,533 7,511 59,413 4,129 2018 OTB - Typical 2002 

FL 126,280 87,065 2,533 7,511 59,413 4,129 2018 OTW - Typical 2002 

 

GA 433,513 62,032 12,155 8,145 57,555 2,815 2002 OTB - Typical 2002 

GA 582,078 63,348 1,254 2,588 57,377 2,815 2009 OTB - Typical 2002 

GA 394,425 63,348 1,254 2,588 57,377 2,815 2009 OTW - Typical 2002 

GA 554,013 70,386 1,458 1,702 61,155 2,815 2018 OTB - Typical 2002 

GA 221,615 70,386 1,458 1,702 61,155 2,815 2018 OTW - Typical 2002 

 

KY 508,139 34,026 5,974 13,739 41,805 136 2002 OTB - Typical 2002 

KY 483,235 35,479 585 9,092 40,779 136 2009 OTB - Typical 2002 

KY 342,670 35,479 585 9,092 40,779 136 2009 OTW - Typical 2002 

KY 429,418 38,816 651 8,536 42,326 136 2018 OTB - Typical 2002 

KY 225,772 38,816 651 8,536 42,326 136 2018 OTW - Typical 2002 

 

MS 57,263 36,071 4,604 11,551 771 100 2002 OTB - Typical 2002 

MS 76,855 35,028 397 7,232 637 100 2009 OTB - Typical 2002 

MS 76,855 35,028 397 7,232 637 100 2009 OTW - Typical 2002 

MS 74,505 40,318 441 6,638 831 100 2018 OTB - Typical 2002 

MS 23,768 40,318 441 6,638 831 100 2018 OTW - Typical 2002 

 

NC 472,192 51,049 13,343 7,207 7,096 423 2002 OTB - Typical 2002 

NC 182,356 52,693 1,311 1,798 7,607 423 2009 OTB - Typical 2002 

NC 132,054 52,693 1,311 1,798 7,607 423 2009 OTW - Typical 2002 

NC 133,691 58,671 1,323 838 8,273 423 2018 OTB - Typical 2002 

NC 78,205 58,671 1,323 838 8,273 423 2018 OTW - Typical 2002 

 

SC 203,978 56,329 5,958 4,449 12,900 1,187 2002 OTB - Typical 2002 

SC 163,560 53,746 556 1,633 12,945 1,187 2009 OTB - Typical 2002 

SC 143,492 53,746 556 1,633 12,945 1,187 2009 OTW - Typical 2002 

SC 178,938 60,300 643 1,195 13,517 1,187 2018 OTB - Typical 2002 

SC 152,457 60,300 643 1,195 13,517 1,187 2018 OTW - Typical 2002 

 

TN 325,779 90,374 9,184 10,413 29,897 59 2002 OTB - Typical 2002 

TN 436,453 85,275 831 5,649 29,787 59 2009 OTB - Typical 2002 

TN 279,931 85,275 831 5,649 29,787 59 2009 OTW - Typical 2002 

TN 323,654 92,396 944 5,205 31,047 59 2018 OTB - Typical 2002 

TN 103,602 92,396 944 5,205 31,047 59 2018 OTW - Typical 2002 

 

VA 234,714 68,038 7,218 8,796 9,510 99 2002 OTB - Typical 2002 

VA 220,686 76,081 900 2,248 10,619 99 2009 OTB - Typical 2002 

VA 140,665 76,081 900 2,248 10,619 99 2009 OTW - Typical 2002 

VA 181,338 85,351 1,059 1,217 11,479 99 2018 OTB - Typical 2002 

VA 115,987 85,351 1,059 1,217 11,479 99 2018 OTW - Typical 2002 

 

WV 497,991 54,045 2,489 2,305 11,667 16 2002 OTB - Typical 2002 

WV 598,555 54,701 227 392 12,156 16 2009 OTB - Typical 2002 

WV 246,851 54,701 227 392 12,156 16 2009 OTW - Typical 2002 

WV 482,959 60,141 255 56 13,450 16 2018 OTB - Typical 2002 

WV 111,937 60,141 255 56 13,450 16 2018 OTW - Typical 2002 

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

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Annual VOC Emissions by Source Sector

0

800,000600,000400,000200,000

1,400,0001,200,0001,000,000

AL

FL

GA

KY

MS

NC

SC

TN

VA

WV

Tons per year

FIRESAREANONROADONROADNONEGUEGU

2002

2009 OTB

2009 OTW

2018 OTB

2018 OTW

EGU and NonEGU values based on 2002 Typical Emissions

All Fire emissions based on Typical Year values

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.5 - 291 

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Annual VOC Emissions by Source Sector 

Name EGU NONEGU ONROAD NONROAD AREA FIRES YEAR Basis 

1,501 47,893 119,790 44,978 196,538 26,526 2002 OTB - Typical 2002 

1,261 47,600 72,848 35,498 157,405 26,526 2009 OTB - Typical 2002 

AL 1,312 47,600 72,848 35,498 157,405 26,526 2009 OTW - Typical 2002 

1,574 55,373 47,296 26,338 168,507 26,526 2018 OTB - Typical 2002 

1,612 55,373 47,296 26,338 168,507 26,526 2018 OTW - Typical 2002 

 

2,362 36,301 495,225 201,960 439,019 51,527 2002 OTB - Typical 2002 

1,562 39,255 323,290 144,749 462,198 51,527 2009 OTB - Typical 2002 

FL 1,559 39,255 323,290 144,749 462,198 51,527 2009 OTW - Typical 2002 

2,052 46,049 216,620 128,131 533,141 51,527 2018 OTB - Typical 2002 

1,988 46,049 216,620 128,131 533,141 51,527 2018 OTW - Typical 2002 

 

984 33,753 267,378 63,337 309,411 33,918 2002 OTB - Typical 2002 

1,497 34,153 184,239 46,722 294,204 33,918 2009 OTB - Typical 2002 

GA 1,499 34,153 184,239 46,722 294,204 33,918 2009 OTW - Typical 2002 

1,794 40,354 105,507 36,014 342,661 33,918 2018 OTB - Typical 2002 

1,790 40,354 105,507 36,014 342,661 33,918 2018 OTW - Typical 2002 

 

1,518 44,854 98,311 34,156 100,174 3,338 2002 OTB - Typical 2002 

1,594 47,733 63,258 23,980 94,253 3,338 2009 OTB - Typical 2002 

KY 1,580 47,733 63,258 23,980 94,253 3,338 2009 OTW - Typical 2002 

1,635 55,729 39,084 20,795 102,117 3,338 2018 OTB - Typical 2002 

1,616 55,729 39,084 20,795 102,117 3,338 2018 OTW - Typical 2002 

 

696 43,401 82,810 32,401 135,106 13,625 2002 OTB - Typical 2002 

584 38,119 49,670 27,650 125,382 13,625 2009 OTB - Typical 2002 

MS 590 38,119 49,670 27,650 125,382 13,625 2009 OTW - Typical 2002 

766 45,966 30,734 20,576 139,419 13,625 2018 OTB - Typical 2002 

827 45,966 30,734 20,576 139,419 13,625 2018 OTW - Typical 2002 

 

1,043 72,856 253,374 71,378 346,060 12,499 2002 OTB - Typical 2002 

1,100 70,146 163,803 52,430 252,553 12,499 2009 OTB - Typical 2002 

NC 1,093 70,146 163,803 52,430 252,553 12,499 2009 OTW - Typical 2002 

1,183 75,985 88,620 40,576 234,207 12,499 2018 OTB - Typical 2002 

1,172 75,985 88,620 40,576 234,207 12,499 2018 OTW - Typical 2002 

 

438 38,493 106,792 41,374 187,466 14,666 2002 OTB - Typical 2002 

601 36,410 67,281 30,531 176,104 14,666 2009 OTB - Typical 2002 

SC 626 36,410 67,281 30,531 176,104 14,666 2009 OTW - Typical 2002 

745 44,586 44,700 24,989 196,946 14,666 2018 OTB - Typical 2002 

754 44,586 44,700 24,989 196,946 14,666 2018 OTW - Typical 2002 

 

819 87,975 169,914 49,056 161,069 5,153 2002 OTB - Typical 2002 

866 89,128 108,200 38,686 160,265 5,153 2009 OTB - Typical 2002 

TN 854 89,128 108,200 38,686 160,265 5,153 2009 OTW - Typical 2002 

899 111,372 64,665 28,667 188,977 5,153 2018 OTB - Typical 2002 

826 111,372 64,665 28,667 188,977 5,153 2018 OTW - Typical 2002 

 

672 42,589 144,684 57,050 129,792 912 2002 OTB - Typical 2002 

546 44,359 89,678 40,897 120,022 912 2009 OTB - Typical 2002 

VA 503 44,359 89,678 40,897 120,022 912 2009 OTW - Typical 2002 

694 53,968 60,454 34,412 128,160 912 2018 OTB - Typical 2002 

674 53,968 60,454 34,412 128,160 912 2018 OTW - Typical 2002 

 

1,128 14,599 40,066 14,805 61,490 2,184 2002 OTB - Typical 2002 

1,442 14,015 23,907 14,249 57,082 2,184 2009 OTB - Typical 2002 

WV 1,397 14,015 23,907 14,249 57,082 2,184 2009 OTW - Typical 2002 

1,471 16,636 15,463 9,500 62,164 2,184 2018 OTB - Typical 2002 

1,456 16,636 15,463 9,500 62,164 2,184 2018 OTW - Typical 2002 

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

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APPENDIX B: 

STATE VMT TOTALS 

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

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State VMT Totals 

Million Miles Per Year 

2002 LDGV LDGT1 LDGT2 HDDV LDDV LDDT HDDV MC TOTAL 

AL 31,982 12,728 4,347 1,630 63 69 4,709 196 55,723 

FL 105,340 40,835 13,945 5,079 206 220 12,465 591 178,681 

GA 61,660 24,394 8,331 3,103 121 132 8,673 371 106,785 

KY 28,751 12,189 3,366 1,606 55 55 4,827 171 51,020 

MS 23,933 6,724 439 1,025 330 125 3,610 92 36,278 

NC 51,189 30,339 10,787 4,119 230 230 9,440 461 106,795 

SC 26,672 10,750 3,671 1,395 52 58 4,306 171 47,074 

TN 30,809 20,272 6,922 2,943 52 111 6,810 397 68,316 

VA 36,336 24,784 8,667 2,148 61 139 4,969 369 77,472 

WV 9,010 5,931 2,028 732 25 37 1,664 117 19,544 

 

2009 LDGV LDGT1 LDGT2 HDDV LDDV LDDT HDDV MC TOTAL 

AL 30,638 18,598 5,511 2,069 65 72 5,976 249 63,178 

FL 107,641 62,449 18,697 6,820 215 230 16,743 794 213,590 

GA 61,569 36,641 10,933 4,077 126 137 11,374 487 125,343 

KY 28,006 16,984 4,428 1,983 58 57 5,983 231 57,729 

MS 23,641 10,131 573 1,341 356 135 4,719 120 41,017 

NC 48,495 43,484 15,122 4,576 40 224 10,928 527 123,396 

SC 26,451 16,119 4,796 1,824 55 61 5,617 223 55,147 

TN 28,775 28,650 8,521 3,627 52 111 8,391 490 78,615 

VA 33,663 34,814 10,597 2,624 61 137 6,073 451 88,419 

WV 8,128 8,205 2,427 878 25 37 1,995 140 21,835 

 

2018 LDGV LDGT1 LDGT2 HDDV LDDV LDDT HDDV MC TOTAL 

AL 31,706 23,562 6,990 2,634 67 84 7,607 317 72,966 

FL 116,576 83,385 24,996 9,156 221 301 22,491 1,066 258,191 

GA 65,214 47,687 14,245 5,332 129 171 14,853 637 148,269 

KY 29,353 21,058 5,558 2,463 60 66 7,454 288 66,300 

MS 24,787 12,984 736 1,727 372 159 6,076 155 46,996 

NC 42,247 51,568 18,260 4,985 279 279 11,396 553 129,566 

SC 27,930 20,880 6,220 2,375 57 75 7,306 290 65,133 

TN 29,253 35,702 10,629 4,538 52 130 10,500 613 91,417 

VA 35,030 44,438 13,543 3,358 62 164 7,770 578 104,944 

WV 8,130 10,025 2,969 1,078 25 41 2,451 172 24,891 

Emissions Preparation & Results 

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APPENDIX C: 

STATE TIER 1 EMISSION TOTALS 

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

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State Tier 1 Emission Totals 

State Year TIER1 TIER 1 NAME CO NH3 NOX PM10 PM2.5 SO2 VOC 

AL 2002 01 FUEL COMB. ELEC. UTIL. 11,460 239 154,704 7,845 4,176 423,736 2,288 

AL 2002 02 FUEL COMB. INDUSTRIAL 67,121 234 51,527 6,729 3,791 40,918 2,237 

AL 2002 03 FUEL COMB. OTHER 70,498 169 19,237 6,411 5,528 39,606 56,120 

AL 2002 04 CHEMICAL & ALLIED PRODUCT 5,721 35 2,032 1,220 888 12,770 7,273 

AL 2002 05 METALS PROCESSING 38,247 376 6,011 9,107 7,803 14,039 3,299 

AL 2002 06 PETROLEUM & RELATED 13,606 0 878 194 155 22,991 4,024 

AL 2002 07 OTHER INDUSTRIAL PROCESSES 47,676 1,468 25,252 22,689 9,516 17,904 25,304 

AL 2002 08 SOLVENT UTILIZATION 216 0 226 149 126 3 108,437 

AL 2002 09 STORAGE & TRANSPORT 174 0 230 1,086 636 13 16,522 

AL 2002 10 WASTE DISPOSAL & RECYCLING 86,302 10 3,465 13,960 13,073 489 11,334 

AL 2002 11 HIGHWAY VEHICLES 1,366,056 5,576 158,423 3,898 2,794 6,885 119,790 

AL 2002 12 OFF-HIGHWAY 414,385 33 65,366 4,787 4,502 7,584 60,487 

AL 2002 14 MISCELLANEOUS 442,778 59,864 9,343 408,115 79,127 2,559 21,686 

2002 

Total 2,564,239 68,005 496,695 486,190 132,115 589,499 438,800 

AL 2009 01 FUEL COMB. ELEC. UTIL. 14,986 359 82,305 6,969 3,921 378,052 2,473 

AL 2009 02 FUEL COMB. INDUSTRIAL 68,146 274 36,301 6,140 3,438 40,651 2,191 

AL 2009 03 FUEL COMB. OTHER 52,256 158 19,514 5,904 5,104 36,048 31,403 

AL 2009 04 CHEMICAL & ALLIED PRODUCT 6,118 38 2,273 1,257 912 13,660 6,613 

AL 2009 05 METALS PROCESSING 38,969 500 6,021 9,062 7,756 16,629 3,305 

AL 2009 06 PETROLEUM & RELATED 13,241 0 858 221 177 22,495 3,336 

AL 2009 07 OTHER INDUSTRIAL PROCESSES 52,004 1,571 26,340 24,196 10,197 19,383 26,519 

AL 2009 08 SOLVENT UTILIZATION 247 0 257 165 139 4 92,631 

AL 2009 09 STORAGE & TRANSPORT 192 0 253 1,146 584 14 17,738 

AL 2009 10 WASTE DISPOSAL & RECYCLING 87,225 11 3,634 14,504 13,485 590 11,207 

AL 2009 11 HIGHWAY VEHICLES 942,793 6,350 101,323 3,188 2,049 635 72,848 

AL 2009 12 OFF-HIGHWAY 454,686 36 56,862 4,027 3,776 3,471 50,249 

AL 2009 14 MISCELLANEOUS 463,498 65,899 9,788 428,698 82,679 2,681 22,657 

2009 

Total 2,194,361 75,195 345,729 505,475 134,217 534,314 343,169 

AL 2018 01 FUEL COMB. ELEC. UTIL. 24,342 1,072 64,358 7,822 4,768 305,262 2,952 

AL 2018 02 FUEL COMB. INDUSTRIAL 69,198 275 38,781 6,462 3,613 43,170 2,295 

AL 2018 03 FUEL COMB. OTHER 43,744 164 20,185 5,641 4,818 37,162 21,215 

AL 2018 04 CHEMICAL & ALLIED PRODUCT 7,384 46 2,804 1,523 1,106 16,509 8,040 

AL 2018 05 METALS PROCESSING 49,770 674 7,519 11,036 9,423 21,824 4,234 

AL 2018 06 PETROLEUM & RELATED 13,002 0 848 258 207 22,242 3,421 

AL 2018 07 OTHER INDUSTRIAL PROCESSES 60,452 1,732 30,831 27,727 11,812 21,843 30,267 

AL 2018 08 SOLVENT UTILIZATION 301 0 317 200 169 4 112,412 

AL 2018 09 STORAGE & TRANSPORT 234 0 307 1,366 699 17 18,900 

AL 2018 10 WASTE DISPOSAL & RECYCLING 88,758 13 3,867 15,343 14,143 718 11,938 

AL 2018 11 HIGHWAY VEHICLES 797,966 7,296 46,222 2,488 1,262 720 47,296 

AL 2018 12 OFF-HIGHWAY 488,924 42 43,799 3,041 2,835 2,818 40,407 

AL 2018 14 MISCELLANEOUS 464,235 73,529 9,803 458,551 85,538 2,686 22,686 

2018 

Total 2,108,311 84,843 269,643 541,458 140,394 474,974 326,063 

Emissions Preparation & Results 

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State Tier 1 Emission Totals 

State Year TIER1 TIER 1 NAME CO NH3 NOX PM10 PM2.5 SO2 VOC 

FL 2002 01 FUEL COMB. ELEC. UTIL. 55,899 222 282,507 21,391 15,575 483,590 2,531 

FL 2002 02 FUEL COMB. INDUSTRIAL 64,794 131 45,153 20,442 18,547 42,524 4,219 

FL 2002 03 FUEL COMB. OTHER 49,230 99 11,593 8,464 8,074 20,031 16,123 

FL 2002 04 CHEMICAL & ALLIED PRODUCT 745 1,101 2,221 1,868 1,488 34,462 3,542 

FL 2002 05 METALS PROCESSING 1,404 1 194 449 334 882 82 

FL 2002 06 PETROLEUM & RELATED 1,070 0 560 259 129 470 724 

FL 2002 07 OTHER INDUSTRIAL PROCESSES 18,586 19 12,325 23,419 11,844 6,515 27,024 

FL 2002 08 SOLVENT UTILIZATION 0 0 1 128 110 0 304,582 

FL 2002 09 STORAGE & TRANSPORT 161 0 561 1,645 720 38 79,281 

FL 2002 10 WASTE DISPOSAL & RECYCLING 175,989 351 6,123 22,142 21,604 659 17,449 

FL 2002 11 HIGHWAY VEHICLES 4,693,893 18,078 466,098 11,253 7,852 20,872 495,225 

FL 2002 12 OFF-HIGHWAY 1,920,729 134 180,627 18,281 17,415 20,614 272,072 

FL 2002 14 MISCELLANEOUS 764,337 40,324 15,083 498,855 115,287 4,129 41,274 

2002 

Total 7,746,839 60,460 1,023,045 628,597 218,979 634,786 1,264,128 

FL 2009 01 FUEL COMB. ELEC. UTIL. 35,928 1,631 86,165 9,007 5,910 186,055 1,910 

FL 2009 02 FUEL COMB. INDUSTRIAL 69,972 146 44,480 16,265 14,827 38,225 4,473 

FL 2009 03 FUEL COMB. OTHER 33,014 100 10,800 7,555 7,174 19,882 10,907 

FL 2009 04 CHEMICAL & ALLIED PRODUCT 901 1,231 2,461 1,908 1,526 34,961 3,821 

FL 2009 05 METALS PROCESSING 1,545 1 176 361 251 993 82 

FL 2009 06 PETROLEUM & RELATED 1,190 0 612 304 156 519 748 

FL 2009 07 OTHER INDUSTRIAL PROCESSES 18,593 26 13,521 33,084 19,357 6,881 26,413 

FL 2009 08 SOLVENT UTILIZATION 0 0 1 132 113 0 319,723 

FL 2009 09 STORAGE & TRANSPORT 187 0 621 1,661 727 50 83,880 

FL 2009 10 WASTE DISPOSAL & RECYCLING 177,953 342 6,251 22,971 22,364 698 17,241 

FL 2009 11 HIGHWAY VEHICLES 3,446,095 21,737 314,307 9,953 6,216 2,120 323,290 

FL 2009 12 OFF-HIGHWAY 2,104,920 148 163,794 15,613 14,866 8,967 209,543 

FL 2009 14 MISCELLANEOUS 764,004 41,471 15,075 557,331 120,796 4,129 41,290 

2009 

Total 6,654,301 66,833 658,265 676,145 214,282 303,479 1,043,321 

FL 2018 01 FUEL COMB. ELEC. UTIL. 53,772 2,976 73,125 9,953 6,843 132,177 2,376 

FL 2018 02 FUEL COMB. INDUSTRIAL 76,847 156 47,835 17,808 16,255 40,443 4,892 

FL 2018 03 FUEL COMB. OTHER 27,094 110 12,344 7,254 6,852 20,975 8,878 

FL 2018 04 CHEMICAL & ALLIED PRODUCT 1,200 1,448 3,119 2,367 1,907 41,395 4,739 

FL 2018 05 METALS PROCESSING 1,973 2 225 466 323 1,325 106 

FL 2018 06 PETROLEUM & RELATED 1,513 0 778 387 198 659 918 

FL 2018 07 OTHER INDUSTRIAL PROCESSES 20,748 35 15,855 39,871 23,301 7,741 29,716 

FL 2018 08 SOLVENT UTILIZATION 0 0 1 158 135 0 387,657 

FL 2018 09 STORAGE & TRANSPORT 226 0 690 2,008 879 58 87,732 

FL 2018 10 WASTE DISPOSAL & RECYCLING 180,730 418 6,486 24,140 23,427 769 18,335 

FL 2018 11 HIGHWAY VEHICLES 3,086,330 26,154 154,611 8,489 4,242 2,533 216,620 

FL 2018 12 OFF-HIGHWAY 2,323,327 171 127,885 12,497 11,868 7,536 183,452 

FL 2018 14 MISCELLANEOUS 763,701 43,251 15,068 628,984 127,364 4,129 41,338 

2018 

Total 6,537,461 74,720 458,023 754,381 223,592 259,739 986,760 

Emissions Preparation & Results 

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State Tier 1 Emission Totals 

State Year TIER1 TIER 1 NAME CO NH3 NOX PM10 PM2.5 SO2 VOC 

GA 2002 01 FUEL COMB. ELEC. UTIL. 9,650 86 148,126 11,467 5,070 517,633 1,256 

GA 2002 02 FUEL COMB. INDUSTRIAL 59,492 27 53,039 12,037 7,886 88,791 3,956 

GA 2002 03 FUEL COMB. OTHER 63,314 17 14,465 10,142 10,057 10,740 27,226 

GA 2002 04 CHEMICAL & ALLIED PRODUCT 5,387 920 2,277 391 305 2,721 2,668 

GA 2002 05 METALS PROCESSING 330 0 60 147 94 0 70 

GA 2002 06 PETROLEUM & RELATED 41 0 3 69 44 68 175 

GA 2002 07 OTHER INDUSTRIAL PROCESSES 27,960 2,666 12,215 39,630 13,073 8,701 26,999 

GA 2002 08 SOLVENT UTILIZATION 4 0 22 13 13 0 234,744 

GA 2002 09 STORAGE & TRANSPORT 39 0 6 583 360 0 26,334 

GA 2002 10 WASTE DISPOSAL & RECYCLING 203,892 16 6,872 29,227 28,311 312 18,964 

GA 2002 11 HIGHWAY VEHICLES 2,833,468 10,524 308,013 7,236 5,158 12,155 267,378 

GA 2002 12 OFF-HIGHWAY 791,158 60 97,961 8,618 8,226 9,005 85,965 

GA 2002 14 MISCELLANEOUS 498,622 83,032 10,279 687,028 116,756 2,815 25,618 

2002 

Total 4,493,357 97,349 653,338 806,587 195,354 652,942 721,352 

GA 2009 01 FUEL COMB. ELEC. UTIL. 23,721 686 98,497 17,891 10,907 417,449 2,314 

GA 2009 02 FUEL COMB. INDUSTRIAL 63,067 28 53,726 11,206 7,390 89,850 4,163 

GA 2009 03 FUEL COMB. OTHER 45,184 17 15,347 8,496 8,400 10,981 15,683 

GA 2009 04 CHEMICAL & ALLIED PRODUCT 6,044 1,032 2,531 436 341 2,743 2,814 

GA 2009 05 METALS PROCESSING 363 0 61 159 100 0 47 

GA 2009 06 PETROLEUM & RELATED 50 0 4 83 54 82 154 

GA 2009 07 OTHER INDUSTRIAL PROCESSES 29,976 2,902 12,528 45,339 14,758 7,662 28,441 

GA 2009 08 SOLVENT UTILIZATION 4 0 25 14 14 0 216,248 

GA 2009 09 STORAGE & TRANSPORT 45 0 7 649 401 0 27,821 

GA 2009 10 WASTE DISPOSAL & RECYCLING 218,460 18 7,419 31,955 30,900 360 18,711 

GA 2009 11 HIGHWAY VEHICLES 2,053,694 12,660 208,393 6,103 3,869 1,254 184,239 

GA 2009 12 OFF-HIGHWAY 882,970 68 85,733 7,521 7,175 2,725 67,686 

GA 2009 14 MISCELLANEOUS 515,329 91,406 10,637 765,043 125,665 2,914 26,388 

2009 

Total 3,838,907 108,817 494,908 894,896 209,973 536,020 594,708 

GA 2018 01 FUEL COMB. ELEC. UTIL. 44,476 1,677 75,717 20,909 13,983 230,856 2,841 

GA 2018 02 FUEL COMB. INDUSTRIAL 67,067 30 57,232 11,755 7,769 94,403 4,424 

GA 2018 03 FUEL COMB. OTHER 39,440 17 17,801 7,722 7,622 11,958 11,482 

GA 2018 04 CHEMICAL & ALLIED PRODUCT 7,076 1,208 2,982 517 405 3,436 3,524 

GA 2018 05 METALS PROCESSING 421 0 76 185 118 0 55 

GA 2018 06 PETROLEUM & RELATED 63 0 5 105 68 104 191 

GA 2018 07 OTHER INDUSTRIAL PROCESSES 33,611 3,559 14,460 55,130 17,899 8,748 33,333 

GA 2018 08 SOLVENT UTILIZATION 5 0 30 22 22 0 264,326 

GA 2018 09 STORAGE & TRANSPORT 54 0 9 764 470 0 29,409 

GA 2018 10 WASTE DISPOSAL & RECYCLING 235,690 22 8,120 35,280 34,038 423 20,411 

GA 2018 11 HIGHWAY VEHICLES 1,765,020 14,871 99,821 4,995 2,517 1,458 105,507 

GA 2018 12 OFF-HIGHWAY 973,872 79 64,579 6,015 5,730 1,709 56,761 

GA 2018 14 MISCELLANEOUS 515,220 102,075 10,635 859,835 134,730 2,914 26,368 

2018 

Total 3,682,015 123,537 351,467 1,003,235 225,372 356,010 558,631 

Emissions Preparation & Results 

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State Tier 1 Emission Totals 

State Year TIER1 TIER 1 NAME CO NH3 NOX PM10 PM2.5 SO2 VOC 

KY 2002 01 FUEL COMB. ELEC. UTIL. 12,607 321 201,928 4,795 2,847 495,153 1,481 

KY 2002 02 FUEL COMB. INDUSTRIAL 14,110 182 60,716 2,155 1,463 41,825 1,566 

KY 2002 03 FUEL COMB. OTHER 40,806 55 4,997 7,679 7,352 9,647 12,711 

KY 2002 04 CHEMICAL & ALLIED PRODUCT 176 214 296 774 581 2,345 3,462 

KY 2002 05 METALS PROCESSING 89,197 6 1,082 3,396 2,720 12,328 1,508 

KY 2002 06 PETROLEUM & RELATED 4,304 335 2,519 308 205 5,747 2,895 

KY 2002 07 OTHER INDUSTRIAL PROCESSES 6,493 78 6,518 31,429 10,394 3,333 25,388 

KY 2002 08 SOLVENT UTILIZATION 0 10 9 317 241 1 61,834 

KY 2002 09 STORAGE & TRANSPORT 33 8 15 1,920 1,177 3 18,853 

KY 2002 10 WASTE DISPOSAL & RECYCLING 20,622 8 1,768 7,229 6,476 606 7,927 

KY 2002 11 HIGHWAY VEHICLES 1,260,682 5,044 154,899 3,720 2,693 5,974 98,311 

KY 2002 12 OFF-HIGHWAY 325,993 31 104,571 6,425 6,046 14,043 44,805 

KY 2002 14 MISCELLANEOUS 25,849 51,026 556 197,402 28,291 146 5,238 

2002 

Total 1,800,871 57,318 539,873 267,547 70,486 591,151 285,977 

KY 2009 01 FUEL COMB. ELEC. UTIL. 15,812 400 92,021 6,463 4,279 290,193 1,369 

KY 2009 02 FUEL COMB. INDUSTRIAL 14,986 195 61,683 2,105 1,456 42,433 1,476 

KY 2009 03 FUEL COMB. OTHER 30,045 54 5,178 7,035 6,725 10,123 9,148 

KY 2009 04 CHEMICAL & ALLIED PRODUCT 179 249 300 851 633 2,384 3,635 

KY 2009 05 METALS PROCESSING 99,428 7 1,156 3,246 2,550 13,735 1,772 

KY 2009 06 PETROLEUM & RELATED 4,818 377 2,828 344 230 6,460 3,052 

KY 2009 07 OTHER INDUSTRIAL PROCESSES 7,212 84 6,674 32,194 10,912 3,634 27,548 

KY 2009 08 SOLVENT UTILIZATION 0 10 11 371 283 1 62,595 

KY 2009 09 STORAGE & TRANSPORT 38 9 18 2,064 1,268 3 20,038 

KY 2009 10 WASTE DISPOSAL & RECYCLING 22,388 9 1,979 7,770 6,925 733 7,725 

KY 2009 11 HIGHWAY VEHICLES 942,350 5,795 97,912 3,002 1,941 585 63,258 

KY 2009 12 OFF-HIGHWAY 357,800 34 94,752 5,544 5,203 9,180 38,558 

KY 2009 14 MISCELLANEOUS 32,627 52,915 702 206,463 29,601 187 6,335 

2009 

Total 1,527,684 60,137 365,214 277,453 72,006 379,651 246,509 

KY 2018 01 FUEL COMB. ELEC. UTIL. 17,144 476 64,378 6,694 4,434 226,062 1,426 

KY 2018 02 FUEL COMB. INDUSTRIAL 15,692 205 64,533 2,203 1,528 43,772 1,555 

KY 2018 03 FUEL COMB. OTHER 24,764 53 5,550 6,469 6,169 9,947 7,479 

KY 2018 04 CHEMICAL & ALLIED PRODUCT 219 317 367 1,054 781 2,884 4,384 

KY 2018 05 METALS PROCESSING 114,470 9 1,508 3,898 3,065 15,800 2,343 

KY 2018 06 PETROLEUM & RELATED 5,495 434 3,244 392 262 7,426 3,394 

KY 2018 07 OTHER INDUSTRIAL PROCESSES 8,303 93 7,872 35,349 12,377 4,141 31,394 

KY 2018 08 SOLVENT UTILIZATION 0 12 14 464 352 1 73,525 

KY 2018 09 STORAGE & TRANSPORT 44 10 21 2,408 1,481 4 21,196 

KY 2018 10 WASTE DISPOSAL & RECYCLING 24,677 11 2,256 8,481 7,518 894 8,392 

KY 2018 11 HIGHWAY VEHICLES 782,423 6,584 42,104 2,283 1,160 651 39,084 

KY 2018 12 OFF-HIGHWAY 381,215 40 79,392 4,556 4,256 8,592 30,920 

KY 2018 14 MISCELLANEOUS 33,931 55,118 729 218,725 30,626 196 7,254 

2018 

Total 1,408,378 63,361 271,967 292,975 74,010 320,369 232,347 

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State Tier 1 Emission Totals 

State Year TIER1 TIER 1 NAME CO NH3 NOX PM10 PM2.5 SO2 VOC 

MS 2002 01 FUEL COMB. ELEC. UTIL. 5,219 198 40,433 1,706 1,147 60,086 629 

MS 2002 02 FUEL COMB. INDUSTRIAL 22,710 28 48,726 5,007 3,634 9,740 8,023 

MS 2002 03 FUEL COMB. OTHER 36,752 34 4,502 5,445 5,414 789 22,923 

MS 2002 04 CHEMICAL & ALLIED PRODUCT 15,410 361 1,725 849 440 1,663 2,375 

MS 2002 05 METALS PROCESSING 1,031 0 115 122 58 36 371 

MS 2002 06 PETROLEUM & RELATED 975 20 1,187 790 335 15,560 20,788 

MS 2002 07 OTHER INDUSTRIAL PROCESSES 13,884 747 9,219 27,617 8,051 8,866 15,525 

MS 2002 08 SOLVENT UTILIZATION 45 7 105 219 178 1 80,760 

MS 2002 09 STORAGE & TRANSPORT 74 0 80 124 38 40 23,327 

MS 2002 10 WASTE DISPOSAL & RECYCLING 1,414 9 89 447 324 31 886 

MS 2002 11 HIGHWAY VEHICLES 894,639 3,577 111,791 2,856 2,109 4,604 82,810 

MS 2002 12 OFF-HIGHWAY 236,752 23 88,787 5,010 4,690 11,315 41,081 

MS 2002 14 MISCELLANEOUS 14,529 58,746 312 323,622 43,028 84 708 

2002 

Total 1,243,435 63,753 307,072 373,815 69,446 112,814 300,206 

MS 2009 01 FUEL COMB. ELEC. UTIL. 5,051 334 36,011 4,957 4,777 76,579 404 

MS 2009 02 FUEL COMB. INDUSTRIAL 24,607 30 44,095 3,728 2,787 7,388 8,007 

MS 2009 03 FUEL COMB. OTHER 26,023 33 4,514 5,278 5,245 751 17,445 

MS 2009 04 CHEMICAL & ALLIED PRODUCT 16,141 405 1,955 941 488 1,880 2,614 

MS 2009 05 METALS PROCESSING 1,098 0 128 129 62 37 402 

MS 2009 06 PETROLEUM & RELATED 1,101 23 1,262 894 379 7,926 13,317 

MS 2009 07 OTHER INDUSTRIAL PROCESSES 14,181 197 8,376 31,381 8,629 8,254 16,282 

MS 2009 08 SOLVENT UTILIZATION 50 8 118 239 194 1 80,393 

MS 2009 09 STORAGE & TRANSPORT 92 0 100 172 59 49 23,494 

MS 2009 10 WASTE DISPOSAL & RECYCLING 1,486 10 95 473 339 32 743 

MS 2009 11 HIGHWAY VEHICLES 628,151 4,026 69,949 2,290 1,522 397 49,670 

MS 2009 12 OFF-HIGHWAY 257,453 25 80,567 4,270 3,985 7,191 36,197 

MS 2009 14 MISCELLANEOUS 48,314 63,886 1,037 337,018 46,695 283 2,295 

2009 

Total 1,023,747 68,978 248,207 391,770 75,160 110,767 251,261 

MS 2018 01 FUEL COMB. ELEC. UTIL. 15,282 827 10,271 7,187 7,033 15,146 1,114 

MS 2018 02 FUEL COMB. INDUSTRIAL 27,056 33 46,929 4,093 3,058 8,169 8,559 

MS 2018 03 FUEL COMB. OTHER 20,900 32 4,767 4,964 4,928 726 14,670 

MS 2018 04 CHEMICAL & ALLIED PRODUCT 20,175 475 2,337 1,132 588 2,242 3,290 

MS 2018 05 METALS PROCESSING 1,357 0 167 160 79 48 461 

MS 2018 06 PETROLEUM & RELATED 1,267 26 1,438 1,010 430 19,028 14,407 

MS 2018 07 OTHER INDUSTRIAL PROCESSES 16,267 216 9,996 38,494 10,494 9,657 20,301 

MS 2018 08 SOLVENT UTILIZATION 60 9 141 301 244 1 98,354 

MS 2018 09 STORAGE & TRANSPORT 115 0 124 210 73 62 24,537 

MS 2018 10 WASTE DISPOSAL & RECYCLING 1,638 12 114 533 372 34 870 

MS 2018 11 HIGHWAY VEHICLES 528,898 4,565 29,717 1,688 876 441 30,734 

MS 2018 12 OFF-HIGHWAY 270,726 29 68,252 3,452 3,203 6,638 28,842 

MS 2018 14 MISCELLANEOUS 50,160 70,096 1,076 352,321 47,869 294 2,377 

2018 

Total 953,900 76,320 175,329 415,546 79,246 62,486 248,517 

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State Tier 1 Emission Totals 

State Year TIER1 TIER 1 NAME CO NH3 NOX PM10 PM2.5 SO2 VOC 

NC 2002 01 FUEL COMB. ELEC. UTIL. 14,074 55 148,809 22,994 16,623 478,488 986 

NC 2002 02 FUEL COMB. INDUSTRIAL 23,578 301 48,590 5,596 4,334 33,395 2,540 

NC 2002 03 FUEL COMB. OTHER 217,008 2,318 16,460 31,777 26,746 3,971 87,985 

NC 2002 04 CHEMICAL & ALLIED PRODUCT 13,952 535 859 866 538 5,736 4,313 

NC 2002 05 METALS PROCESSING 5,876 60 201 564 467 1,010 2,512 

NC 2002 06 PETROLEUM & RELATED 461 0 174 104 52 283 140 

NC 2002 07 OTHER INDUSTRIAL PROCESSES 8,552 480 7,380 25,328 8,924 3,426 18,025 

NC 2002 08 SOLVENT UTILIZATION 130 307 229 524 484 26 151,383 

NC 2002 09 STORAGE & TRANSPORT 66 46 53 639 354 1 16,120 

NC 2002 10 WASTE DISPOSAL & RECYCLING 125,528 247 7,482 2,239 2,218 1,666 15,568 

NC 2002 11 HIGHWAY VEHICLES 3,176,811 10,455 341,198 6,905 4,816 13,343 253,374 

NC 2002 12 OFF-HIGHWAY 808,231 65 84,284 7,348 7,005 7,693 94,480 

NC 2002 14 MISCELLANEOUS 72,673 159,069 1,561 233,551 36,414 423 3,528 

2002 

Total 4,466,940 173,937 657,279 338,434 108,975 549,463 650,954 

NC 2009 01 FUEL COMB. ELEC. UTIL. 14,942 445 66,517 22,152 15,949 242,286 954 

NC 2009 02 FUEL COMB. INDUSTRIAL 24,871 312 38,160 5,159 3,871 30,788 2,509 

NC 2009 03 FUEL COMB. OTHER 158,837 2,723 18,441 25,334 19,467 4,060 49,819 

NC 2009 04 CHEMICAL & ALLIED PRODUCT 14,732 599 933 981 607 6,286 4,925 

NC 2009 05 METALS PROCESSING 6,358 67 207 627 528 1,130 2,790 

NC 2009 06 PETROLEUM & RELATED 556 0 212 127 64 349 162 

NC 2009 07 OTHER INDUSTRIAL PROCESSES 9,211 507 8,061 28,524 9,788 3,712 18,144 

NC 2009 08 SOLVENT UTILIZATION 142 335 246 549 506 28 136,114 

NC 2009 09 STORAGE & TRANSPORT 75 51 55 696 380 1 17,367 

NC 2009 10 WASTE DISPOSAL & RECYCLING 139,518 307 8,354 2,774 2,750 1,913 17,331 

NC 2009 11 HIGHWAY VEHICLES 2,184,901 12,637 207,648 5,861 3,643 1,311 163,803 

NC 2009 12 OFF-HIGHWAY 887,605 72 70,997 6,055 5,760 1,892 74,056 

NC 2009 14 MISCELLANEOUS 96,825 167,131 2,080 250,912 49,956 566 4,648 

2009 

Total 3,538,573 185,185 421,913 349,750 113,268 294,321 492,624 

NC 2018 01 FUEL COMB. ELEC. UTIL. 20,223 663 62,346 37,376 29,791 108,492 1,345 

NC 2018 02 FUEL COMB. INDUSTRIAL 26,872 341 40,897 5,594 4,222 32,507 2,702 

NC 2018 03 FUEL COMB. OTHER 131,365 2,857 20,027 21,847 16,231 4,050 34,104 

NC 2018 04 CHEMICAL & ALLIED PRODUCT 18,463 702 1,105 1,175 726 7,414 6,113 

NC 2018 05 METALS PROCESSING 7,576 76 255 771 657 1,335 3,516 

NC 2018 06 PETROLEUM & RELATED 712 0 272 162 82 448 207 

NC 2018 07 OTHER INDUSTRIAL PROCESSES 10,675 559 9,259 34,339 11,601 4,357 20,978 

NC 2018 08 SOLVENT UTILIZATION 169 375 277 588 540 31 152,979 

NC 2018 09 STORAGE & TRANSPORT 91 59 67 808 430 2 19,511 

NC 2018 10 WASTE DISPOSAL & RECYCLING 156,599 387 9,456 3,502 3,474 2,234 19,789 

NC 2018 11 HIGHWAY VEHICLES 1,510,848 13,077 81,706 4,299 2,158 1,323 88,620 

NC 2018 12 OFF-HIGHWAY 960,709 83 49,046 4,298 4,069 905 61,327 

NC 2018 14 MISCELLANEOUS 111,705 177,474 2,399 273,030 54,376 655 5,333 

2018 

Total 2,956,008 196,655 277,112 387,788 128,356 163,752 416,523 

Emissions Preparation & Results 

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State Tier 1 Emission Totals 

State Year TIER1 TIER 1 NAME CO NH3 NOX PM10 PM2.5 SO2 VOC 

SC 2002 01 FUEL COMB. ELEC. UTIL. 6,969 141 88,528 21,827 17,521 210,272 470 

SC 2002 02 FUEL COMB. INDUSTRIAL 31,771 97 38,081 5,308 3,641 44,958 1,338 

SC 2002 03 FUEL COMB. OTHER 75,800 65 4,367 6,261 6,166 4,318 49,171 

SC 2002 04 CHEMICAL & ALLIED PRODUCT 2,526 173 25 501 318 59 8,784 

SC 2002 05 METALS PROCESSING 13,833 0 450 639 408 4,160 660 

SC 2002 06 PETROLEUM & RELATED 248 0 283 120 71 170 114 

SC 2002 07 OTHER INDUSTRIAL PROCESSES 9,502 1,237 15,145 15,224 6,981 12,128 16,342 

SC 2002 08 SOLVENT UTILIZATION 0 1 1 78 60 0 88,878 

SC 2002 09 STORAGE & TRANSPORT 10 0 4 1,025 626 0 21,009 

SC 2002 10 WASTE DISPOSAL & RECYCLING 67,908 10 4,063 9,172 8,641 625 15,291 

SC 2002 11 HIGHWAY VEHICLES 1,275,161 4,684 140,428 3,446 2,496 5,958 106,792 

SC 2002 12 OFF-HIGHWAY 413,964 33 50,249 4,152 3,945 4,866 55,016 

SC 2002 14 MISCELLANEOUS 221,436 28,903 4,335 262,974 47,136 1,187 12,535 

2002 

Total 2,119,129 35,343 345,960 330,728 98,009 288,701 376,401 

SC 2009 01 FUEL COMB. ELEC. UTIL. 11,135 343 46,915 19,395 16,042 124,608 660 

SC 2009 02 FUEL COMB. INDUSTRIAL 33,201 105 35,660 3,307 2,370 37,792 1,414 

SC 2009 03 FUEL COMB. OTHER 49,914 63 4,551 5,264 5,183 4,359 25,073 

SC 2009 04 CHEMICAL & ALLIED PRODUCT 2,798 173 26 543 345 60 7,409 

SC 2009 05 METALS PROCESSING 15,632 0 449 631 378 4,856 663 

SC 2009 06 PETROLEUM & RELATED 302 0 340 145 86 200 131 

SC 2009 07 OTHER INDUSTRIAL PROCESSES 10,241 1,403 15,069 18,267 8,045 13,443 15,697 

SC 2009 08 SOLVENT UTILIZATION 1 1 1 90 69 0 95,538 

SC 2009 09 STORAGE & TRANSPORT 13 0 5 569 352 0 21,989 

SC 2009 10 WASTE DISPOSAL & RECYCLING 70,379 11 4,215 9,526 8,977 666 15,998 

SC 2009 11 HIGHWAY VEHICLES 912,280 5,510 91,696 2,878 1,870 556 67,281 

SC 2009 12 OFF-HIGHWAY 448,625 36 43,235 3,471 3,294 1,701 43,061 

SC 2009 14 MISCELLANEOUS 250,690 31,416 4,962 282,480 51,151 1,359 13,906 

2009 

Total 1,805,210 39,061 247,124 346,565 98,163 189,601 308,820 

SC 2018 01 FUEL COMB. ELEC. UTIL. 14,786 617 51,456 28,826 25,032 93,274 906 

SC 2018 02 FUEL COMB. INDUSTRIAL 36,105 113 37,333 4,037 2,855 39,714 1,525 

SC 2018 03 FUEL COMB. OTHER 39,627 65 5,135 4,791 4,711 4,469 16,391 

SC 2018 04 CHEMICAL & ALLIED PRODUCT 3,296 212 32 664 423 74 9,107 

SC 2018 05 METALS PROCESSING 18,853 0 587 773 476 5,920 868 

SC 2018 06 PETROLEUM & RELATED 389 0 438 186 110 258 166 

SC 2018 07 OTHER INDUSTRIAL PROCESSES 12,136 1,566 17,507 20,215 9,044 15,863 18,636 

SC 2018 08 SOLVENT UTILIZATION 1 1 1 116 89 0 120,433 

SC 2018 09 STORAGE & TRANSPORT 16 0 6 1,380 842 0 22,742 

SC 2018 10 WASTE DISPOSAL & RECYCLING 73,403 13 4,512 10,038 9,443 735 17,167 

SC 2018 11 HIGHWAY VEHICLES 800,619 6,472 42,354 2,258 1,154 643 44,700 

SC 2018 12 OFF-HIGHWAY 481,332 41 31,758 2,617 2,474 1,198 36,131 

SC 2018 14 MISCELLANEOUS 250,637 34,345 4,961 306,342 53,367 1,359 13,896 

 2018 

Total 1,731,198 43,446 196,081 382,244 110,019 163,509 302,665 

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State Tier 1 Emission Totals 

State Year TIER1 TIER 1 NAME CO NH3 NOX PM10 PM2.5 SO2 VOC 

TN 2002 01 FUEL COMB. ELEC. UTIL. 6,787 197 152,137 13,866 11,491 320,146 890 

TN 2002 02 FUEL COMB. INDUSTRIAL 15,257 6 44,510 8,015 6,649 74,146 2,021 

TN 2002 03 FUEL COMB. OTHER 77,857 25 15,568 7,967 7,549 16,253 18,346 

TN 2002 04 CHEMICAL & ALLIED PRODUCT 36,920 1,518 1,772 3,246 2,201 6,516 24,047 

TN 2002 05 METALS PROCESSING 41,371 14 1,182 7,620 7,030 5,818 6,898 

TN 2002 06 PETROLEUM & RELATED 543 0 331 314 243 383 1,850 

TN 2002 07 OTHER INDUSTRIAL PROCESSES 9,420 44 11,794 30,484 12,867 5,845 27,336 

TN 2002 08 SOLVENT UTILIZATION 275 1 5,066 2,103 1,818 58 110,872 

TN 2002 09 STORAGE & TRANSPORT 22 24 105 1,249 736 134 21,962 

TN 2002 10 WASTE DISPOSAL & RECYCLING 22,143 31 1,839 7,068 6,469 349 15,505 

TN 2002 11 HIGHWAY VEHICLES 1,967,658 6,616 233,324 5,338 3,919 9,184 169,914 

TN 2002 12 OFF-HIGHWAY 505,163 43 96,827 6,819 6,458 10,441 66,450 

TN 2002 14 MISCELLANEOUS 10,824 34,318 225 180,006 25,193 60 2,252 

2002 

Total 2,694,242 42,836 564,680 274,095 92,622 449,332 468,342 

TN 2009 01 FUEL COMB. ELEC. UTIL. 7,214 227 66,405 15,608 13,092 255,410 932 

TN 2009 02 FUEL COMB. INDUSTRIAL 15,943 7 37,369 7,195 6,004 63,511 1,915 

TN 2009 03 FUEL COMB. OTHER 61,443 27 14,793 7,134 6,786 16,955 12,781 

TN 2009 04 CHEMICAL & ALLIED PRODUCT 35,440 1,719 1,958 3,519 2,400 7,056 15,594 

TN 2009 05 METALS PROCESSING 45,183 15 1,245 7,337 6,823 6,537 7,676 

TN 2009 06 PETROLEUM & RELATED 615 0 373 356 276 435 1,433 

TN 2009 07 OTHER INDUSTRIAL PROCESSES 9,911 62 12,635 32,661 13,737 6,240 28,598 

TN 2009 08 SOLVENT UTILIZATION 309 1 5,984 2,431 2,095 65 112,312 

TN 2009 09 STORAGE & TRANSPORT 26 31 12 1,218 733 42 23,687 

TN 2009 10 WASTE DISPOSAL & RECYCLING 23,810 35 1,993 7,618 6,968 393 14,922 

TN 2009 11 HIGHWAY VEHICLES 1,361,408 7,738 147,757 4,238 2,782 831 108,200 

TN 2009 12 OFF-HIGHWAY 554,121 48 86,641 5,877 5,557 5,651 55,358 

TN 2009 14 MISCELLANEOUS 17,921 35,200 379 192,464 26,830 102 2,814 

2009 

Total 2,133,342 45,108 377,545 287,655 94,083 363,228 386,222 

TN 2018 01 FUEL COMB. ELEC. UTIL. 7,723 241 31,715 15,941 13,387 112,672 976 

TN 2018 02 FUEL COMB. INDUSTRIAL 17,038 7 38,908 7,693 6,447 65,823 2,054 

TN 2018 03 FUEL COMB. OTHER 54,486 30 15,503 6,757 6,412 18,091 10,269 

TN 2018 04 CHEMICAL & ALLIED PRODUCT 45,455 2,053 2,424 4,443 3,044 9,088 20,071 

TN 2018 05 METALS PROCESSING 52,834 17 1,589 9,579 8,953 7,790 9,956 

TN 2018 06 PETROLEUM & RELATED 715 0 430 416 324 508 1,636 

TN 2018 07 OTHER INDUSTRIAL PROCESSES 10,946 88 14,157 38,250 16,286 7,286 35,587 

TN 2018 08 SOLVENT UTILIZATION 380 1 7,675 3,155 2,718 79 140,793 

TN 2018 09 STORAGE & TRANSPORT 33 41 14 1,572 939 49 25,493 

TN 2018 10 WASTE DISPOSAL & RECYCLING 26,712 42 2,326 8,562 7,828 468 17,530 

TN 2018 11 HIGHWAY VEHICLES 1,150,516 8,962 65,242 3,199 1,643 944 64,665 

TN 2018 12 OFF-HIGHWAY 593,100 55 70,226 4,672 4,403 5,207 45,084 

TN 2018 14 MISCELLANEOUS 19,210 36,213 408 209,058 28,209 111 3,293 

2018 

Total 1,979,148 47,749 250,619 313,294 100,592 228,116 377,408 

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State Tier 1 Emission Totals 

State Year TIER1 TIER 1 NAME CO NH3 NOX PM10 PM2.5 SO2 VOC 

VA 2002 01 FUEL COMB. ELEC. UTIL. 6,797 130 85,081 3,892 2,650 233,691 747 

VA 2002 02 FUEL COMB. INDUSTRIAL 64,386 100 75,807 18,480 8,453 137,448 5,332 

VA 2002 03 FUEL COMB. OTHER 98,788 13 15,648 11,572 11,236 5,508 54,496 

VA 2002 04 CHEMICAL & ALLIED PRODUCT 321 2,158 8,062 449 393 2,126 1,530 

VA 2002 05 METALS PROCESSING 3,580 0 937 1,575 1,349 5,251 513 

VA 2002 06 PETROLEUM & RELATED 23,384 0 182 255 153 170 501 

VA 2002 07 OTHER INDUSTRIAL PROCESSES 12,002 726 9,279 33,409 9,795 17,702 13,086 

VA 2002 08 SOLVENT UTILIZATION 0 4 0 225 210 2 111,511 

VA 2002 09 STORAGE & TRANSPORT 16 7 11 745 505 0 26,121 

VA 2002 10 WASTE DISPOSAL & RECYCLING 16,566 109 1,866 3,152 1,277 1,581 4,065 

VA 2002 11 HIGHWAY VEHICLES 2,170,508 7,837 219,602 4,537 3,090 7,218 144,684 

VA 2002 12 OFF-HIGHWAY 660,105 48 63,219 8,728 8,288 8,663 74,866 

VA 2002 14 MISCELLANEOUS 13,225 43,948 285 182,193 21,835 74 706 

2002 

Total 3,069,678 55,080 479,980 269,212 69,233 419,436 438,158 

VA 2009 01 FUEL COMB. ELEC. UTIL. 12,509 694 66,219 5,508 4,067 225,653 778 

VA 2009 02 FUEL COMB. INDUSTRIAL 67,422 105 67,263 18,346 8,345 135,612 5,483 

VA 2009 03 FUEL COMB. OTHER 66,037 14 15,966 10,062 9,742 5,258 28,063 

VA 2009 04 CHEMICAL & ALLIED PRODUCT 286 2,082 7,790 477 413 1,996 1,419 

VA 2009 05 METALS PROCESSING 3,397 0 827 1,563 1,332 4,813 390 

VA 2009 06 PETROLEUM & RELATED 26,288 0 197 275 169 187 557 

VA 2009 07 OTHER INDUSTRIAL PROCESSES 12,471 733 9,425 33,961 9,984 18,871 13,394 

VA 2009 08 SOLVENT UTILIZATION 0 5 0 248 231 3 110,127 

VA 2009 09 STORAGE & TRANSPORT 17 7 12 797 544 0 26,456 

VA 2009 10 WASTE DISPOSAL & RECYCLING 20,109 119 2,174 3,823 1,515 1,805 4,789 

VA 2009 11 HIGHWAY VEHICLES 1,495,771 9,066 133,170 3,760 2,254 900 89,678 

VA 2009 12 OFF-HIGHWAY 726,815 53 54,993 7,510 7,136 1,707 57,009 

VA 2009 14 MISCELLANEOUS 21,582 46,719 464 198,040 23,990 124 1,077 

2009 

Total 2,452,703 59,596 358,500 284,369 69,721 396,929 339,219 

VA 2018 01 FUEL COMB. ELEC. UTIL. 15,420 622 75,594 13,775 11,976 140,233 997 

VA 2018 02 FUEL COMB. INDUSTRIAL 72,218 114 70,343 19,248 8,892 140,995 5,861 

VA 2018 03 FUEL COMB. OTHER 53,171 14 17,852 9,427 9,086 5,369 18,603 

VA 2018 04 CHEMICAL & ALLIED PRODUCT 338 2,462 9,211 579 502 2,291 1,708 

VA 2018 05 METALS PROCESSING 4,034 0 1,017 1,861 1,592 5,948 469 

VA 2018 06 PETROLEUM & RELATED 30,284 0 228 315 194 217 642 

VA 2018 07 OTHER INDUSTRIAL PROCESSES 14,029 877 10,836 37,553 11,276 21,294 15,636 

VA 2018 08 SOLVENT UTILIZATION 0 6 0 314 293 3 127,953 

VA 2018 09 STORAGE & TRANSPORT 21 8 15 949 648 0 27,357 

VA 2018 10 WASTE DISPOSAL & RECYCLING 24,293 141 2,595 4,694 1,828 2,171 5,821 

VA 2018 11 HIGHWAY VEHICLES 1,310,698 10,757 61,881 3,343 1,641 1,059 60,454 

VA 2018 12 OFF-HIGHWAY 797,683 61 40,393 6,208 5,891 507 49,052 

VA 2018 14 MISCELLANEOUS 27,223 50,279 584 218,141 26,225 158 1,322 

2018 

Total 2,349,413 65,342 290,549 316,406 80,044 320,246 315,875 

Emissions Preparation & Results 

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State Tier 1 Emission Totals 

State Year TIER1 TIER 1 NAME CO NH3 NOX PM10 PM2.5 SO2 VOC 

WV 2002 01 FUEL COMB. ELEC. UTIL. 10,117 121 222,437 4,472 2,163 500,381 1,140 

WV 2002 02 FUEL COMB. INDUSTRIAL 8,685 97 33,831 1,583 1,332 37,118 1,097 

WV 2002 03 FUEL COMB. OTHER 29,480 13 15,220 3,814 3,683 3,990 9,275 

WV 2002 04 CHEMICAL & ALLIED PRODUCT 

MFG 50,835 80 1,627 950 831 9,052 5,755 

WV 2002 05 METALS PROCESSING 28,837 143 1,570 8,749 7,515 5,619 1,393 

WV 2002 06 PETROLEUM & RELATED 

INDUSTRIES 1 0 1,086 475 475 7,550 2,163 

WV 2002 07 OTHER INDUSTRIAL PROCESSES 2,003 56 5,347 18,751 5,567 2,316 1,803 

WV 2002 08 SOLVENT UTILIZATION 15 0 18 49 44 0 35,989 

WV 2002 09 STORAGE & TRANSPORT 15 0 3 1,952 947 0 12,432 

WV 2002 10 WASTE DISPOSAL & RECYCLING 9,395 8 599 4,153 3,731 100 5,098 

WV 2002 11 HIGHWAY VEHICLES 560,717 1,933 59,612 1,395 1,003 2,489 40,066 

WV 2002 12 OFF-HIGHWAY 133,113 9 33,239 1,850 1,728 2,112 18,566 

WV 2002 14 MISCELLANEOUS 2,811 9,909 61 92,633 10,458 16 157 

2002 

Total 836,024 12,371 374,650 140,825 39,478 570,742 134,936 

WV 2009 01 FUEL COMB. ELEC. UTIL. 11,493 330 86,328 5,657 2,940 277,489 1,361 

WV 2009 02 FUEL COMB. INDUSTRIAL 9,296 104 27,094 1,415 1,220 36,912 998 

WV 2009 03 FUEL COMB. OTHER 21,558 13 14,229 3,351 3,216 4,047 6,824 

WV 2009 04 CHEMICAL & ALLIED PRODUCT 

MFG 58,271 82 1,804 987 864 10,166 5,426 

WV 2009 05 METALS PROCESSING 30,939 142 1,517 7,985 6,724 5,971 1,380 

WV 2009 06 PETROLEUM & RELATED 

INDUSTRIES 1 0 1,221 535 535 8,495 2,172 

WV 2009 07 OTHER INDUSTRIAL PROCESSES 2,288 59 4,995 19,228 5,899 2,570 2,064 

WV 2009 08 SOLVENT UTILIZATION 17 0 20 52 47 0 32,305 

WV 2009 09 STORAGE & TRANSPORT 17 0 3 2,062 1,003 0 12,997 

WV 2009 10 WASTE DISPOSAL & RECYCLING 9,131 8 583 4,050 3,632 97 4,898 

WV 2009 11 HIGHWAY VEHICLES 385,994 2,183 36,049 1,096 703 227 23,907 

WV 2009 12 OFF-HIGHWAY 152,862 11 30,133 1,640 1,528 359 18,069 

WV 2009 14 MISCELLANEOUS 4,116 10,574 89 92,900 10,624 23 219 

2009 

Total 685,983 13,508 204,064 140,956 38,933 346,356 112,621 

WV 2018 01 FUEL COMB. ELEC. UTIL. 11,961 180 51,241 6,349 3,648 115,324 1,387 

WV 2018 02 FUEL COMB. INDUSTRIAL 9,917 111 28,710 1,493 1,290 38,531 1,072 

WV 2018 03 FUEL COMB. OTHER 18,891 16 17,254 3,160 3,024 4,065 6,270 

WV 2018 04 CHEMICAL & ALLIED PRODUCT 

MFG 70,252 99 2,183 1,188 1,041 12,280 6,560 

WV 2018 05 METALS PROCESSING 36,850 183 2,061 10,944 9,372 7,182 1,790 

WV 2018 06 PETROLEUM & RELATED 

INDUSTRIES 1 0 1,407 616 616 9,786 2,338 

WV 2018 07 OTHER INDUSTRIAL PROCESSES 2,756 68 5,949 21,347 6,794 3,101 2,561 

WV 2018 08 SOLVENT UTILIZATION 20 0 24 61 55 0 38,023 

WV 2018 09 STORAGE & TRANSPORT 19 0 4 2,522 1,225 0 13,394 

WV 2018 10 WASTE DISPOSAL & RECYCLING 9,237 10 592 4,134 3,692 98 5,272 

WV 2018 11 HIGHWAY VEHICLES 319,030 2,484 16,274 844 428 255 15,463 

WV 2018 12 OFF-HIGHWAY 167,424 13 25,710 1,292 1,198 56 14,086 

WV 2018 14 MISCELLANEOUS 5,175 11,453 112 98,307 11,316 29 268 

 2018 

Total 651,532 14,617 151,521 152,256 43,699 190,706 108,484 

 CO NH3 NOX PM10 PM2.5 SO2 VOC 

VISTAS 2002 31,034,756 666,451 5,442,572 3,916,030 1,094,698 4,858,865 5,079,25

VISTAS 2009 25,854,812 722,418 3,721,469 4,155,033 1,119,806 3,454,666 4,118,47

VISTAS 2018 24,357,364 790,588 2,692,309 4,559,582 1,205,324 2,539,907 3,873,27

Emissions Preparation & Results 

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APPENDIX D: 

VISTAS TIER 1 EMISSION TOTALS 

Emissions Preparation & Results 

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VISTAS Tier 1 Emission Totals 

Year TIER1 TIER 1 NAME CO NH3 NOX PM10 PM2.5 SO2 VOC 

2002 01 FUEL COMB. ELEC. UTIL. 139,579 1,710 1,524,690 114,256 79,263 3,723,175 12,417 

2002 02 FUEL COMB. INDUSTRIAL 371,905 1,204 499,981 85,353 59,731 550,864 32,330 

2002 03 FUEL COMB. OTHER 759,534 2,810 122,058 99,532 91,805 114,852 354,375 

2002 04 CHEMICAL & ALLIED PRODUCT MFG 131,993 7,093 20,896 11,114 7,982 77,450 63,748 

2002 05 METALS PROCESSING 223,705 601 11,801 32,367 27,778 49,143 17,306 

2002 06 PETROLEUM & RELATED INDUSTRIES 44,633 355 7,204 2,887 1,863 53,392 33,374 

2002 07 OTHER INDUSTRIAL PROCESSES 156,077 7,520 114,474 267,980 97,013 86,736 196,831 

2002 08 SOLVENT UTILIZATION 687 331 5,677 3,805 3,284 90 1,288,990 

2002 09 STORAGE & TRANSPORT 610 85 1,069 10,968 6,100 230 261,959 

2002 10 WASTE DISPOSAL & RECYCLING 729,760 801 34,165 98,788 92,125 6,418 112,088 

2002 11 HIGHWAY VEHICLES 20,199,593 74,325 2,193,387 50,584 35,929 88,684 1,778,345 

2002 12 OFF-HIGHWAY 6,209,596 477 865,130 72,019 68,302 96,336 813,788 

2002 14 MISCELLANEOUS 2,067,084 569,139 42,039 3,066,378 523,524 11,494 113,703 

2002 Total 31,034,756 666,451 5,442,572 3,916,030 1,094,698 4,858,865 5,079,254 

2009 01 FUEL COMB. ELEC. UTIL. 152,790 5,449 727,384 113,607 81,884 2,473,773 13,155 

2009 02 FUEL COMB. INDUSTRIAL 391,510 1,305 445,832 74,864 51,709 523,163 32,629 

2009 03 FUEL COMB. OTHER 544,310 3,201 123,331 85,412 77,042 112,463 207,146 

2009 04 CHEMICAL & ALLIED PRODUCT MFG 140,910 7,611 22,031 11,898 8,528 81,191 54,270 

2009 05 METALS PROCESSING 242,911 732 11,788 31,098 26,505 54,700 18,507 

2009 06 PETROLEUM & RELATED INDUSTRIES 48,161 399 7,908 3,283 2,124 47,147 25,061 

2009 07 OTHER INDUSTRIAL PROCESSES 166,088 7,545 117,625 298,836 111,304 90,649 203,100 

2009 08 SOLVENT UTILIZATION 771 360 6,662 4,290 3,690 100 1,257,986 

2009 09 STORAGE & TRANSPORT 702 98 1,087 11,035 6,051 160 275,466 

2009 10 WASTE DISPOSAL & RECYCLING 770,459 869 36,697 105,463 97,855 7,287 113,566 

2009 11 HIGHWAY VEHICLES 14,353,436 87,703 1,408,206 42,370 26,848 8,817 1,146,174 

2009 12 OFF-HIGHWAY 6,827,857 530 767,707 61,528 58,279 42,845 649,786 

2009 14 MISCELLANEOUS 2,214,906 606,617 45,212 3,311,350 567,986 12,370 121,629 

2009 Total 25,854,812 722,418 3,721,469 4,155,033 1,119,806 3,454,666 4,118,474 

2018 01 FUEL COMB. ELEC. UTIL. 225,129 9,351 560,200 154,832 120,895 1,479,499 16,318 

2018 02 FUEL COMB. INDUSTRIAL 418,010 1,384 471,501 80,386 55,928 547,527 34,938 

2018 03 FUEL COMB. OTHER 453,482 3,358 136,418 78,031 69,853 116,812 149,363 

2018 04 CHEMICAL & ALLIED PRODUCT MFG 173,857 9,023 26,564 14,641 10,522 97,612 67,534 

2018 05 METALS PROCESSING 288,138 961 15,006 39,673 34,058 67,170 23,798 

2018 06 PETROLEUM & RELATED INDUSTRIES 53,442 460 9,088 3,846 2,491 60,676 27,321 

2018 07 OTHER INDUSTRIAL PROCESSES 189,922 8,793 136,722 348,275 130,883 104,030 238,409 

2018 08 SOLVENT UTILIZATION 936 404 8,480 5,378 4,618 119 1,516,454 

2018 09 STORAGE & TRANSPORT 855 119 1,258 13,988 7,686 192 290,271 

2018 10 WASTE DISPOSAL & RECYCLING 821,737 1,068 40,324 114,708 105,763 8,545 125,525 

2018 11 HIGHWAY VEHICLES 12,052,347 101,223 639,931 33,884 17,080 10,027 713,143 

2018 12 OFF-HIGHWAY 7,438,312 612 601,040 48,648 45,927 35,166 546,062 

2018 14 MISCELLANEOUS 2,241,196 653,831 45,776 3,623,293 599,620 12,532 124,137 

2018 Total 24,357,364 790,588 2,692,309 4,559,582 1,205,324 2,539,907 3,873,273 

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

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APPENDIX E: 

AIRCRAFT PM EXCERPT FROM 2001 TUCSON REPORT 

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

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APPENDIX F: 

COMPARISON OF BASE F AND BASE G ON-ROAD MOBILE EMISSIONS

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

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Base G Onroad Mobile Emissions (Annual Tons)

FIPSST 2002 2009 2018 2002 2009 2018 2002 2009 2018 2002 2009 2018 2002 2009 2018 2002 2009 2018 2002 2009 2018AL 125,768 76,065 44,503 156,460 100,693 42,622 1,303,508 902,469 594,725 6,827 802 654 3,861 3,136 2,193 2,768 2,010 1,085 5,530 6,298 6,630FL 520,757 336,707 199,050 460,503 312,321 136,040 4,493,820 3,308,863 2,263,190 20,687 2,584 2,302 11,148 9,801 7,516 7,779 6,104 3,671 17,922 21,549 23,778GA 279,975 192,773 99,464 304,309 207,024 92,113 2,699,650 1,956,263 1,303,529 12,043 1,568 1,325 7,165 6,005 4,406 5,110 3,797 2,166 10,436 12,554 13,511

KY 102,362 73,142 42,810 154,634 100,025 46,993 1,214,191 950,912 711,211 6,238 751 694 3,682 2,944 2,348 2,667 1,899 1,158 5,003 5,737 7,095MS 86,811 51,600 28,699 110,672 69,952 27,620 853,774 602,257 394,247 4,566 532 401 2,828 2,250 1,479 2,089 1,491 746 3,549 3,995 4,147NC 260,895 166,844 91,720 323,606 199,281 79,433 2,839,283 1,966,195 1,207,391 12,286 1,487 1,346 6,505 5,510 3,994 4,571 3,453 1,931 9,601 11,702 12,776

SC 114,861 71,781 41,866 138,940 91,471 39,348 1,226,555 878,825 588,536 5,909 713 584 3,414 2,831 1,986 2,473 1,834 988 4,646 5,466 5,878

TN 177,943 114,032 61,339 235,869 150,179 62,446 1,893,704 1,320,562 863,682 9,127 1,065 862 5,312 4,160 2,813 3,904 2,720 1,405 6,556 7,702 8,196VA 157,989 95,694 55,992 219,835 132,699 57,192 2,136,288 1,435,359 954,463 8,196 1,067 949 4,499 3,706 2,922 3,067 2,216 1,404 7,770 8,990 9,653WV 41,703 24,570 14,652 58,340 35,234 15,530 526,841 360,865 243,683 2,438 276 231 1,366 1,057 747 984 676 369 1,889 2,126 2,268

VISTAS 1,869,063 1,203,208 680,096 2,163,168 1,398,879 599,336 19,187,613 13,682,570 9,124,656 88,316 10,844 9,348 49,780 41,400 30,403 35,411 26,200 14,922 72,902 86,118 93,932

Base F Onroad Mobile (Annual Tons)

FIPSST 2002 2009 2018 2002 2009 2018 2002 2009 2018 2002 2009 2018 2002 2009 2018 2002 2009 2018 2002 2009 2018AL 118,978 73,137 47,151 157,626 101,299 46,598 1,300,754 934,442 675,902 6,898 637 720 3,905 3,195 2,488 2,799 2,053 1,262 5,586 6,362 7,296FL 438,761 293,423 192,096 402,099 284,737 134,465 4,022,000 3,090,443 2,306,759 18,802 1,911 2,289 10,185 9,027 7,691 7,126 5,653 3,848 16,183 19,553 23,595GA 265,972 187,102 104,678 306,998 208,568 100,707 2,712,473 2,044,169 1,474,029 12,182 1,256 1,458 7,252 6,116 4,995 5,169 3,877 2,517 10,545 12,685 14,870KY 96,202 63,210 38,814 154,093 97,731 43,014 1,195,656 932,296 669,891 5,988 587 651 3,728 3,008 2,283 2,699 1,946 1,160 5,055 5,807 6,584

MS 81,701 49,986 30,337 110,242 69,949 29,829 849,049 624,575 445,150 4,614 398 441 2,863 2,296 1,688 2,114 1,525 876 3,585 4,035 4,565NC 272,594 167,894 87,718 290,873 207,670 83,399 2,677,118 2,192,253 1,238,802 12,482 1,314 1,323 6,733 5,874 4,299 4,754 3,651 2,158 9,711 12,663 13,077

SC 107,236 69,026 44,121 139,403 91,832 42,641 1,220,825 921,308 663,597 5,972 558 643 3,454 2,884 2,258 2,502 1,874 1,154 4,694 5,522 6,472TN 168,389 109,716 63,916 233,324 147,591 66,879 1,881,893 1,359,880 961,929 9,202 833 944 5,349 4,247 3,199 3,927 2,788 1,643 6,629 7,753 8,962VA 143,969 91,230 59,737 222,830 133,039 64,079 1,996,287 1,483,125 1,091,546 7,234 902 1,059 4,546 3,768 3,343 3,097 2,258 1,641 7,852 9,084 10,757

WV 39,581 23,914 15,375 60,335 36,000 16,940 533,258 379,272 273,900 2,495 228 255 1,399 1,099 844 1,005 705 428 1,938 2,188 2,484VISTAS 1,733,382 1,128,638 683,942 2,077,822 1,378,416 628,551 18,389,312 13,961,764 9,801,505 85,868 8,622 9,783 49,414 41,513 33,086 35,191 26,330 16,687 71,778 85,652 98,664

Emissions Change (Base G - Base F, Annual Tons) -- Positive Value Indicates Increase from Base F

FIPSST 2002 2009 2018 2002 2009 2018 2002 2009 2018 2002 2009 2018 2002 2009 2018 2002 2009 2018 2002 2009 2018AL 6,789 2,928 -2,647 -1,166 -606 -3,977 2,754 -31,973 -81,178 -71 165 -66 -45 -58 -295 -31 -43 -178 -56 -63 -666FL 81,997 43,284 6,955 58,404 27,584 1,575 471,820 218,420 -43,569 1,885 672 14 963 774 -175 653 451 -177 1,738 1,996 183GA 14,003 5,671 -5,214 -2,689 -1,544 -8,594 -12,823 -87,906 -170,500 -139 312 -133 -86 -111 -589 -59 -80 -352 -109 -131 -1,359KY 6,160 9,933 3,996 541 2,294 3,979 18,534 18,615 41,319 250 164 43 -46 -65 65 -32 -47 -2 -52 -70 512MS 5,110 1,613 -1,638 430 3 -2,209 4,724 -22,319 -50,903 -48 134 -41 -35 -46 -209 -25 -34 -130 -35 -40 -419

NC -11,699 -1,049 4,001 32,734 -8,389 -3,966 162,165 -226,057 -31,411 -196 174 23 -228 -364 -304 -183 -198 -226 -111 -961 -302SC 7,625 2,755 -2,255 -462 -362 -3,293 5,731 -42,483 -75,061 -63 156 -59 -40 -53 -272 -29 -40 -166 -48 -56 -594TN 9,554 4,316 -2,577 2,545 2,589 -4,433 11,811 -39,318 -98,246 -75 232 -82 -37 -87 -385 -22 -68 -238 -73 -52 -766VA 14,020 4,464 -3,744 -2,995 -340 -6,887 140,001 -47,766 -137,084 962 165 -110 -47 -62 -420 -30 -42 -237 -83 -94 -1,104WV 2,122 656 -723 -1,995 -766 -1,410 -6,416 -18,407 -30,217 -57 49 -24 -32 -42 -97 -22 -29 -59 -49 -62 -217

VISTAS 135,680 74,570 -3,846 85,346 20,462 -29,215 798,301 -279,194 -676,850 2,448 2,222 -435 367 -114 -2,683 219 -130 -1,764 1,123 466 -4,732

Emissions Change (Base G - Base F/Base F, Annual %) -- Positive Value Indicates Increase from Base F

FIPSST 2002 2009 2018 2002 2009 2018 2002 2009 2018 2002 2009 2018 2002 2009 2018 2002 2009 2018 2002 2009 2018AL 6% 4% -6% -1% -1% -9% 0% -3% -12% -1% 26% -9% -1% -2% -12% -1% -2% -14% -1% -1% -9%FL 19% 15% 4% 15% 10% 1% 12% 7% -2% 10% 35% 1% 9% 9% -2% 9% 8% -5% 11% 10% 1%GA 5% 3% -5% -1% -1% -9% 0% -4% -12% -1% 25% -9% -1% -2% -12% -1% -2% -14% -1% -1% -9%KY 6% 16% 10% 0% 2% 9% 2% 2% 6% 4% 28% 7% -1% -2% 3% -1% -2% 0% -1% -1% 8%MS 6% 3% -5% 0% 0% -7% 1% -4% -11% -1% 34% -9% -1% -2% -12% -1% -2% -15% -1% -1% -9%

NC -4% -1% 5% 11% -4% -5% 6% -10% -3% -2% 13% 2% -3% -6% -7% -4% -5% -10% -1% -8% -2%

SC 7% 4% -5% 0% 0% -8% 0% -5% -11% -1% 28% -9% -1% -2% -12% -1% -2% -14% -1% -1% -9%

TN 6% 4% -4% 1% 2% -7% 1% -3% -10% -1% 28% -9% -1% -2% -12% -1% -2% -14% -1% -1% -9%

VA 10% 5% -6% -1% 0% -11% 7% -3% -13% 13% 18% -10% -1% -2% -13% -1% -2% -14% -1% -1% -10%

WV 5% 3% -5% -3% -2% -8% -1% -5% -11% -2% 21% -9% -2% -4% -12% -2% -4% -14% -3% -3% -9%

VISTAS 8% 7% -1% 4% 1% -5% 4% -2% -7% 3% 26% -4% 1% 0% -8% 1% 0% -11% 2% 1% -5%

VOC NOx CO SO2 PM-10 PM-2.5 NH3

VOC NOx CO SO2 PM-10 PM-2.5 NH3

VOC NOx CO SO2 PM-10 PM-2.5 NH3

VOC NOx CO SO2 PM-10 PM-2.5 NH3

Emissions Preparation & Results 

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Annual Onroad Emissions Comparison

0

600,000500,000400,000300,000200,000100,000

AL FL GA KY MS NC SC TN VA WV

Annual VOC Emissions (Tons)

2002 BaseG2002 BaseF2009 BaseG2009 BaseF2018 BaseG2018 BaseF

Emissions Preparation & Results 

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Annual Onroad Emissions Comparison

0

50,000

500,000450,000400,000350,000300,000250,000200,000150,000100,000

AL FL GA KY MS NC SC TN VA WV

Annual NOx Emissions (Tons)

2002 BaseG2002 BaseF2009 BaseG2009 BaseF2018 BaseG2018 BaseF

Emissions Preparation & Results 

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Annual Onroad Emissions Comparison

0

500

5,0004,5004,0003,5003,0002,5002,0001,5001,000

AL FL GA KY MS NC SC TN VA WV

Thousands

Annual CO Emissions (Tons)

2002 BaseG2002 BaseF2009 BaseG2009 BaseF2018 BaseG2018 BaseF

Emissions Preparation & Results 

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Annual Onroad Emissions Comparison

0

5,000

25,00020,00015,00010,000

AL FL GA KY MS NC SC TN VA WV

Annual SO2 Emissions (Tons)

2002 BaseG2002 BaseF2009 BaseG2009 BaseF2018 BaseG2018 BaseF

Emissions Preparation & Results 

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Annual Onroad Emissions Comparison

0

8,0006,0004,0002,000

12,00010,000

AL FL GA KY MS NC SC TN VA WV

Annual PM-10 Emissions (Tons)

2002 BaseG2002 BaseF2009 BaseG2009 BaseF2018 BaseG2018 BaseF

Emissions Preparation & Results 

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Annual Onroad Emissions Comparison

0

9,0008,0007,0006,0005,0004,0003,0002,0001,000

AL FL GA KY MS NC SC TN VA WV

Annual PM-2.5 Emissions (Tons)

2002 BaseG2002 BaseF2009 BaseG2009 BaseF2018 BaseG2018 BaseF

Emissions Preparation & Results 

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Annual Onroad Emissions Comparison

0

5,000

25,00020,00015,00010,000

AL FL GA KY MS NC SC TN VA WV

Annual NH3 Emissions (Tons)

2002 BaseG2002 BaseF2009 BaseG2009 BaseF2018 BaseG2018 BaseF

Emissions Preparation & Results 

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Atmospheric Sciences Group 

Alpine Geophysics, LLC ▪ 387 Pollard Mine Road ▪ Burnsville, NC 28714 ▪ (828) 675-9045 ▪ (828) 675-5801 FAX 

MEMORANDUM 

To: VISTAS State Point Source Contacts and VISTAS EGU Special Interest Workgroup 

From: Gregory Stella, VISTAS Technical Advisor - Emission Inventories 

Date: June 13, 2005 

Re: EGU Emission Factors and Emission Factor Assignment 

Purpose

The purpose of this memorandum is to discuss the differences currently known to exist in the 

base year (2002) and future year (2009 and 2018) forecasts of EGU emission factors for PM and 

NH3. In particular, it has been identified that E.H. Pechan & Associates, Inc. (Pechan) in their 

development of post-processed IPM output into NIF structure uses a set of PM and NH3 

emission factors that are “the most recent EPA approved uncontrolled emission factors” and 

which are most likely not the same emission factors used by States and emission inventory 

preparation contractors for estimating these emissions in 2002 for EGUs in the VISTAS domain. 

Additionally, through review of the code used to post-process the IPM parsed files, it has also 

been determined that emission factors are assigned in future years based on Pechan assigned 

SCCs and not necessarily initial base year SCCs as coded in the original VISTAS NIF files. 

A second objective of this memorandum is to propose a resolution to the issues at hand and to 

recommend a set of modifications to be made to the base year PM and NH3 emission estimates 

for this source category. 

Background

VISTAS Base Year EGU Emissions Preparation 

A major component to the development of the VISTAS point source sector of the inventory was 

the incorporation of data submitted by the VISTAS States and local (S/L) agencies to the United 

States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) as part of the Consolidated Emissions Reporting 

Rule (CERR). Work on incorporating the CERR data into the revised base year involved: 1) 

obtaining the data from EPA or the S/L agency, 2) evaluating the emissions and pollutants 

reported in the submittal, 3) augmenting CERR data with annual emission estimates for PM10-

PRI and PM25-PRI; 4) evaluating the emissions from electric generating units, and 5) 

completing quality assurance reviews for each component of the point source inventory. 

Data from several sources were used: 1) the inventories that the S/L submitted to EPA from May 

through July 2004; 2) supplemental data supplied by the S/L agencies that may have been 

revised or finalized after submittal to EPA, and 3) the original VISTAS 2002 inventory in cases 

where S/L CERR data were not available. 

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Alpine Geophysics, LLC ▪ 387 Pollard Mine Road ▪ Burnsville, NC 28714 ▪ (828) 675-9045 ▪ (828) 675-5801 FAX 

Particulate matter emissions can be reported in many different forms, as follows: 

PM Category Description

PM-PRI Primary PM (includes filterable and condensable) 

PM-CON Primary PM, condensable portion only (all less than 1 micron) 

PM-FIL Primary PM, filterable portion only 

PM10-PRI Primary PM10 (includes filterable and condensable) 

PM10-FIL Primary PM10, filterable portion only 

PM25-PRI Primary PM25 (includes filterable and condensable) 

PM25-FIL Primary PM25, filterable portion only 

State/local agencies did not report PM emissions in a consistent manner. The State/local 

inventories submitted for VISTAS included emissions data for either PM-FIL, PM-PRI, PM10-

FIL, PM10-PRI, PM25-FIL, PM25-PRI, and/or PM-CON. From any one of these pollutants, 

EPA has developed augmentation procedures to estimate PM10-PRI, PM10-FIL, PM25-PRI, 

PM25-FIL, and PM-CON. If not included in a State/local inventory, PM10-PRI and PM25-PRI 

were calculated by adding PM10-FIL and PM-CON or PM25-FIL and PM-CON, respectively. 

The procedures for augmenting point source PM emissions are documented in detail in Appendix 

C of Documentation for the Final 1999 National Emissions Inventory (Version 3) for Criteria 

Air Pollutants and Ammonia – Point Sources, January 31, 20041

. 

Briefly, the PM data augmentation procedure includes the following five steps: 

• Step 1: Prepare S/L/T PM and PM10 Emissions for Input to the PM Calculator 

• Step 2: Develop and Apply Source-Specific Conversion Factors 

• Step 3: Prepare Factors from PM Calculator 

• Step 4: Develop and Apply Algorithms to Estimate Emissions from S/L/T Inventory Data 

• Step 5: Review Results and Update the NEI with Emission Estimates and Control 

Information. 

Ammonia (NH3) emissions from these sources were assigned using direct incorporation of S/L/T 

provided emission estimates or via the application of emission factors using ratios of NH3 

emission factors to other reported pollutants (e.g., VOC, CO, etc.). 

IPM Post Processing 

ICF via VISTAS contracts provided an initial spreadsheet file containing unit-level records of 

both (1) “existing” units and (2) committed or new generic aggregates. All records have unit and 

fuel type data; existing, retrofit (for SO2 and NOx), and separate NOx control information; annual 

SO2 and NOx emissions and heat input; summer season (May-September) NOx and heat input; 

July day NOx and heat input; coal heat input by coal type; nameplate capacity (MW), and State 

FIPS code. Existing units also have county FIPS code, a unique plant identifier (ORISPL) and 

unit ID (also called boiler ID) (BLRID); generic units do not have these data. 

 

1

 ftp://ftp.epa.gov/EmisInventory/finalnei99ver3/criteria/documentation/point/point_99nei_finalv3_0204.pdf 

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Alpine Geophysics, LLC ▪ 387 Pollard Mine Road ▪ Burnsville, NC 28714 ▪ (828) 675-9045 ▪ (828) 675-5801 FAX 

The IPM data were further processed by Pechan using data files and methodology recently 

approved by EPA. The most current documentation related to this subject is the EPA report 

titled, Documentation for the 2002 Electric Generating Unit (EGU) National Emissions 

Inventory (NEI), September 20042. The processing includes estimating various types of 

emissions and adding in control efficiencies, stack parameters, latitude-longitude coordinates, 

and State identifiers (plant ID, point ID, stack ID, process ID). Additionally, the generic units 

were sited in a county and given IDs. 

Pechan developed SCC assignments for all units; unit/fuel/firing/bottom type data were used for 

existing units’ assignments, while only unit and fuel type were used for generic units’ 

assignments. Additional review of the source code used in developing these post-processed files 

confirmed this fact. In actuality, not only does it exist that the post-processing code assigns 

different emission factors for the same SCC but that SCCs assigned in future year IPM output are 

potentially different than those assigned in the base year inventory, leading to additional, 

propagating differences in the base year and future year estimates. The full extent of these issues 

is currently under review by VISTAS and MRPO. 

Stack parameters were attached, first using matches to data in the VISTAS 2002 NIF files, 

secondly using the EPA-provided data files, thirdly using a March 9, 2004 Pechan in-house stack 

parameter file based on previous EIA-767 data, and lastly using an EPA June 2003 SCC-based 

default stack parameter file. 

Plant ID (within State and county), point ID, process ID, and stack ID were then attached, first 

using the VISTAS-provided data files, or secondly using EPA or Pechan-generated defaults. 

Default stack IDs within a plant were assigned for each unique stack height-diameter 

combination. The process ID and stack ID default data were only used when the data were not 

matched to the original VISTAS 2002 NIF files. 

Additional data were required for estimating VOC, CO, filterable primary PM10 and PM2.5, PM 

condensable, and NH3 emissions for all units. Thus, ash and sulfur contents were assigned by 

first using 2002 EIA-767 values for existing units or SCC-based defaults; filterable PM10 and 

PM2.5 efficiencies were obtained from the 2002 EGU NEI that were based on 2002 EIA-767 

control data and the PM Calculator program (a default of 99.2% was used for coal units if 

necessary); fuel use was back calculated from the given heat input and a default SCC-based heat 

content; and emission factors were obtained from an EPA-approved October 7, 2004 Pechan 

emission factor file based on AP-42 emission factors. Table 1 provides the emission factor 

differences between the “old” emission factor file (used in development of EPA’s 1999 NEI v.3) 

and the updated factors as used in VISTAS latest IPM conversion. Note that this updated file was 

not the one used for estimating emissions for previous EPA post-processed IPM files (including 

estimates for CAIR). It should also be noted that this component of emission estimation is only 

for the filterable component of PM and that the emission factors used for condensable PM did 

not change between the two versions. 

 

2

 ftp://ftp.epa.gov/EmisInventory/draftnei2002/point/documentation/egu2002doc.pdf 

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Atmospheric Sciences Group 

Alpine Geophysics, LLC ▪ 387 Pollard Mine Road ▪ Burnsville, NC 28714 ▪ (828) 675-9045 ▪ (828) 675-5801 FAX 

Issue Identification

During a VISTAS TAWG meeting held at the Solution Center in Durham, NC on April 5 and 6, 

2005, emission summaries were presented as comparisons of 2002 to 2018 forecasts. Table 2 

presents the slide originally used in identifying the increase in PM and NH3 emissions. In this 

comparison, it was noted that PM and NH3 emissions (highlighted in Table 2) from EGUs were 

significantly higher in 2018 than in 2002 and based on known regulation and activity, no reason 

could be identified for this increase. After an initial review of the data, it was determined that the 

PM and NH3 emission factors used between the base year and future year were most likely the 

culprit. In fact, for some SCCs, the NH3 emission factor increased by over 5,000% (0.000565 to 

0.03 lbs/ton coal burned). Changes in PM emission factors were not as large and limited to only 

a few SCCs. However, this emissions increase was simply an artifact of the change in emission 

factor, not anything to do with changes in activity or control technology application. 

Additionally, after further review of the post-processing code by VISTAS, it was determined that 

not only were differing emission factors being used for similar SCCs between the base and future 

year estimates for those SCCs identified in Table 2, but that the same SCCs were not necessarily 

being used for emission factor assignment in the base and post-processed IPM scenarios. This 

issue has implications not only for the different PM and NH3 factors, but for other pollutants 

(CO, VOC) not initially estimated by IPM. 

Table 3 presents those unit-segment (SCC) combinations which have been identified in the 2018 

OTW run to have been assigned SCCs in the IPM post-processing step different than those in the 

2002 base case. In some instances, the SCCs are comparable enough that the emission factors 

assigned were the same. However, there are additional instances where significant enough 

difference exists that review and correction may be warranted. An analysis of the differences in 

assignment of these SCCs and associated factors has not yet been completed. 

Proposed Solution

There are two issues which need to be resolved in the estimation of relative differences in EGU 

emissions between VISTAS base year 2002 emissions inventory and any forecasts of this source 

sector using IPM and post-processing steps applied using existing programs provided by Pechan; 

(1) consistent use of emission factors between the base and future years, and (2) the consistent 

use of SCCs for determining emission factors between the base and future years. 

These issues can be resolved using a variety of ways but the proposal provided here positions 

VISTAS to regenerate some specific pollutant 2002 emissions for the EGU sector in a fashion 

consistent, and presumably, more up-to-date, than the estimates provided in the 2002 base year 

inventory. Additionally, this proposal allows for the existing process to be completed in the postprocessing steps but adjusts the resulting non-IPM generated emissions using correct SCCs and 

emission factors. 

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Alpine Geophysics, LLC ▪ 387 Pollard Mine Road ▪ Burnsville, NC 28714 ▪ (828) 675-9045 ▪ (828) 675-5801 FAX 

Base Year Emissions Adjustment 

The first step is the adjustment of the 2002 base year emissions inventory. Using the latest 

“EPA-approved” uncontrolled emission factors by SCC, VISTAS contactors will utilize CERR 

or VISTAS reported annual heat input, fuel throughput, heat, ash and sulfur content to estimate 

annual uncontrolled emissions for units identified as output by IPM. This step will be conducted 

for non-CEM pollutants (CO, VOC, PM, and NH3) only. For PM emissions, the condensable 

component of emissions will also be calculated and added to the resulting PM primary 

estimations. When these fuel characteristic variables are found to be zero, out of range (as 

identified by AP-42 factors), or invalid, average fuel data collected from EPA’s AP-42 

documentation on heat, sulfur, and/or ash content will be used. The resulting emissions will then 

be adjusted by any control efficiency factors reported in the CERR or VISTAS data collection 

effort. 

Future Year Scenario Adjustment 

Because the assignment of the SCCs to IPM output is a post-processing step which involves the 

cross-reference file developed to match IPM units to VISTAS 2002 base year inventory, it 

should be relatively straightforward to modify the code to assign the same base year SCC to the 

future year. Then, through assignment of SCCs and associated emission factors (via another 

cross-reference), similar base year and future year emission factor assignments could be made; 

just using the projected controls and fuel throughput as predicted by IPM. If modifications can 

not be made directly to the code for this cross-reference step, VISTAS can modify the resulting 

post-processed NIF files for those sources identified with alternate SCCs assigned in the future 

year. Using the same methods as described for the 2002 revisions, those non-IPM generated 

pollutants would be estimated using IPM predicted fuel characteristics and base year 2002 SCC 

assignments.

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Alpine Geophysics, LLC ▪ 387 Pollard Mine Road ▪ Burnsville, NC 28714 ▪ (828) 675-9045 ▪ (828) 675-5801 FAX 

Table 1. Comparison of “Old” vs. “New” Emission Factors for IPM Post-Processing 

SCCEMFACforMRPOoldvsnew.xls -- PM+NH3 EF, 12/17/04

This file lists the "Old" and "New" EPA-approved Uncontrolled PM10, PM2.5, and NH3 Emission 

Factors for the SCCs in the MRPO Scenarios. 

 

SCC1

 FUEL 

"New" 

PM10EF4

"Old" 

PM10EF3

"New" 

PM25EF4

"Old" 

PM25EF3 PMFLAG2

"New" 

NH3EF4

"Old" 

NH3EF3

10100201 BIT 2.6000 2.6000 1.4800 1.4800 A 0.030000 0.000565

10100202 BIT 2.3000 2.3000 0.6000 0.6000 A 0.030000 0.000565

10100203 BIT 0.2600 0.2600 0.1100 0.1100 A 0.030000 0.000565

10100204 BIT 13.2000 13.2000 4.6000 4.6000 0.030000 0.000565

10100211 BIT 2.6000 2.6000 1.4800 1.4800 A 0.030000 0.000565

10100212 BIT 2.3000 2.3000 0.6000 0.6000 A 0.030000 0.000565

10100217 BIT 12.4000 12.4000 1.3640 3.2000 0.030000 0.000565

10100221 SUB 2.6000 2.6000 1.4800 1.4800 A 0.030000 0.000565

10100222 SUB 2.3000 2.3000 0.6000 0.6000 A 0.030000 0.000565

10100223 SUB 0.2600 0.2600 0.1100 0.1100 A 0.030000 0.000565

10100224 SUB 13.2000 13.2000 4.6000 4.6000 0.030000 0.000565

10100226 SUB 2.3000 2.3000 0.6000 0.6000 A 0.030000 0.000565

10100238 SUB 16.1000 16.1000 4.2000 4.2000 0.030000 0.000565

10100301 LIG 1.8170 1.8170 0.5214 0.5214 A 0.030000 0.000565

10100302 LIG 2.3000 2.3000 0.6600 0.6600 A 0.030000 0.000565

10100303 LIG 0.8710 0.8700 0.3690 0.1100 A 0.030000 0.000565

10100317 LIG 12.0000 12.0000 1.4000 1.4000 0.030000 0.000565

10100601 NG 1.9000 1.9000 1.9000 1.9000 3.200000 3.200000

10100801 PC 7.9000 7.9000 4.5000 4.5000 A 0.397000 --- 

10102018 WC 12.0000 12.0000 1.4000 1.4000 0.030000 0.000565

20100201 NG 1.9380 1.9380 1.9380 1.9380 6.560000 --- 

20100301 IGCC 11.5500 11.5500 11.5500 11.5500 6.560000 --- 

Notes: 

1. SCCs beginning with 101002 (coal), 101003 (coal), 101008 (coke), or 101020 (waste coal), emission 

factors in LB/TON; SCCs beginning with 101006 (natural gas), 201002 (natural gas), or 201003 (IGCC), 

emission factors are in LB/E6FT3. 

2. If PMFLAG = 'A', then apply ash content to PM emission factor. 

3. "Old" emission factors are used for latest EPA IPM post-processing. 

4. "New" emission factors are used for MRPO IPM post-processing. 

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Table 2. Annual Emissions Comparison of 2002 Typical with 2018 OTW; VISTAS Tier 1 Category Totals. 

19% 9% 13% -50% -8% -52% -19% VISTAS Total

15% 5% 14% 0% 0% 0% 2% Miscellaneous

35% -29% -29% -61% 23% -30% -40% Off-highway36% -53% -34% -89% -19% -70% -47% Highway Vehicles52% 10% 11% 37% 9% 13% 11% Waste Disposal & Recycling40% 2% -4% 34% 46% 28% -19% Storage & Transport20% 32% 34% 23% 36% 48% 22% Solvent Utilization16% 25% 28% 19% 21% 15% 22% Other Industrial Processes12% 33% 35% 11% 15% 23% -19% Petroleum & Related Industries60% 20% 20% 37% 29% 27% 43% Metals Processing27% 36% 36% 31% 32% 29% 50% Chemical & Allied Product Mfg23% -8% -16% 15% -28% 19% -55% Fuel Comb. Other28% 7% 5% 7% 15% 0% 12% Fuel Comb. Industrial

3024% 82% 69% -63% 53% -68% 13% Fuel Comb. Elec. Util.

NH3 PM-2.5 PM-10 SO2 CO NOx VOC Source Category

Annual 2018 OTW - 2002 Typical Emissions (Percent)

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Table 3. Differences in VISTAS Base Year 2002 and IPM Post-Processed SCC Emission Factor Assignments FIPS Plant ID Plant Name Point ID Stack ID Segment 2002 SCC IPM SCC 01039 0001 ALABAMA ELECTRIC COOPERATIVE - MCWILLIAMS 005 002 01 10100201 20100201 01055 0002 ALABAMA POWER COMPANY - GADSDEN 002 001 01 10100202 20100201 01055 0002 ALABAMA POWER COMPANY - GADSDEN 003 001 01 10100201 20100201 01063 0001 ALABAMA POWER COMPANY - GREENE COUNTY 002 001 01 10100201 10100202 01063 0001 ALABAMA POWER COMPANY - GREENE COUNTY 003 001 01 10100201 10100202 01071 0008 TVA - WIDOWS CREEK 008 002 01 10100202 10100212 01071 0008 TVA - WIDOWS CREEK 009 003 01 10100202 10100212 01085 0008 GENERAL ELECTRIC CO 001 001 01 10200602 20100201 01097 1001 ALABAMA POWER COMPANY - BARRY 002 001 01 10100201 10100212 01097 1001 ALABAMA POWER COMPANY - BARRY 003 001 01 10100201 10100212 01097 1001 ALABAMA POWER COMPANY - BARRY 004 001 01 10100201 10100212 01097 1001 ALABAMA POWER COMPANY - BARRY 005 002 01 10100201 10100212 01097 1001 ALABAMA POWER COMPANY - BARRY 006 003 01 10100201 10100212 01097 1001 ALABAMA POWER COMPANY - BARRY 007 005 01 20200203 20100201 01097 1001 ALABAMA POWER COMPANY - BARRY 008 006 01 20200203 20100201 01097 1001 ALABAMA POWER COMPANY - BARRY 009 007 01 20200203 20100201 01097 1001 ALABAMA POWER COMPANY - BARRY 010 008 01 20200203 20100201 01127 0001 ALABAMA POWER COMPANY - GORGAS 004 003 01 10100201 10100202 01127 0001 ALABAMA POWER COMPANY - GORGAS 005 003 01 10100201 10100202 01127 0001 ALABAMA POWER COMPANY - GORGAS 006 004 01 10100201 10100212 01127 0001 ALABAMA POWER COMPANY - GORGAS 007 004 01 10100201 10100212 01127 0001 ALABAMA POWER COMPANY - GORGAS 008 004 01 10100201 10100212 12001 0010001 PROGRESS ENERGY FLORIDA, INC. U OF FL COGEN 1 1 1 20200203 20100201 12009 0090006 FLORIDA POWER & LIGHT (PCC) CAPE CANAVERAL 1 1 2 10100401 20100201 12009 0090006 FLORIDA POWER & LIGHT (PCC) CAPE CANAVERAL 2 2 2 10100401 20100201 12027 0270016 DESOTO COUNTY GENERATING COMPANY, LLC 2 2 1 20100101 20100201 12031 0310047 JEA KENNEDY 3 3 1 20100101 20100201 12031 0310047 JEA KENNEDY 4 4 1 20100101 20100201 12031 0310047 JEA KENNEDY 5 5 1 20100101 20100201 12031 0310485 JEA BRANDY BRANCH FACILITY 2 2 1 20100101 20100201 12033 0330045 GULF POWER COMPANY CRIST ELECTRIC GENERATING PLANT 2 1 1 10100601 20100201 12033 0330045 GULF POWER COMPANY CRIST ELECTRIC GENERATING PLANT 3 1 2 10100601 20100201 

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Alpine Geophysics, LLC ▪ 387 Pollard Mine Road ▪ Burnsville, NC 28714 ▪ (828) 675-9045 ▪ (828) 675-5801 FAX 

FIPS Plant ID Plant Name Point ID Stack ID Segment 2002 SCC IPM SCC 

12049 0490043 VANDOLAH POWER COMPANY, LLC 1 1 1 20100101 20100201 12095 0950203 ORLANDO COGEN LIMITED, L.P. 1 1 1 20200203 20100201 12097 0970014 PROGRESS ENERGY FLORIDA, INC. INTERCESSION CITY PLANT 11 11 1 20100101 20100201 12097 0970014 PROGRESS ENERGY FLORIDA, INC. INTERCESSION CITY PLANT 18 18 2 20100101 20100201 12099 0990042 FLORIDA POWER & LIGHT (PRV) RIVIERA POWER PLANT 3 3 3 10100401 20100201 12099 0990042 FLORIDA POWER & LIGHT (PRV) RIVIERA POWER PLANT 4 4 3 10100401 20100201 12099 0990045 CITY OF LAKE WORTH UTILITIES TOM G. SMITH POWER PLANT 9 9 1 10100601 20100201 12103 1030011 PROGRESS ENERGY FLORIDA, INC. BARTOW PLANT 1 1 2 10100401 20100201 12103 1030011 PROGRESS ENERGY FLORIDA, INC. BARTOW PLANT 2 2 2 10100404 20100201 12103 1030011 PROGRESS ENERGY FLORIDA, INC. BARTOW PLANT 3 3 2 10100404 20100201 12105 1050003 LAKELAND ELECTRIC CHARLES LARSEN MEMORIAL POWER PLANT 4 4 2 10100401 20100201 12105 1050221 CALPINE/AUBURNDALE POWER PARTNERS, LP 6 6 2 20100101 20100201 12105 1050223 

PROGRESS ENERGY FLORIDA, INC. TIGER BAY COGENERATION FACILITY 3 3 1 10200602 20100201 

12105 1050233 TAMPA ELECTRIC COMPANY POLK POWER STATION 1 1 2 20100201 20100301 12121 1210003 PROGRESS ENERGY FLORIDA, INC. FL POWER SUWANNEE RVR PLANT 1 1 3 10100404 20100201 12121 1210003 PROGRESS ENERGY FLORIDA, INC. FL POWER SUWANNEE RVR PLANT 2 2 3 10100401 20100201 12121 1210003 PROGRESS ENERGY FLORIDA, INC. FL POWER SUWANNEE RVR PLANT 3 3 3 10100401 20100201 12127 1270009 FLORIDA POWER & LIGHT (PSN) SANFORD POWER PLANT 1 1 3 10100401 20100201 12127 1270020 PROGRESS ENERGY FLORIDA, INC. TURNER PLANT 10 10 1 20100101 20100201 12127 1270020 PROGRESS ENERGY FLORIDA, INC. TURNER PLANT 9 9 1 20100101 20100201 12127 1270028 PROGRESS ENERGY FLORIDA, INC. DEBARY FACILITY 17 17 1 20100101 20100201 12127 1270028 PROGRESS ENERGY FLORIDA, INC. DEBARY FACILITY 18 18 1 20100101 20100201 13051 05100006 KRAFT STEAM - ELECTRIC GENERATING PLANT SG01 CS1 1 10100212 20100201 13051 05100006 KRAFT STEAM - ELECTRIC GENERATING PLANT SG02 CS1 1 10100212 20100201 13067 06700003 

GEORGIA POWER COMPANY, MCDONOUGH STEAM-ELECTRIC GENERATING PLANT CT6M ST6M 1 20100101 20100201 

13067 06700003 

GEORGIA POWER COMPANY, MCDONOUGH STEAM-ELECTRIC GENERATING PLANT CT7M ST7M 1 20100101 20100201 

13115 11500003 

GEORGIA POWER COMPANY, HAMMOND STEAM-ELECTRIC GENERATING PLANT SG01 ST1 1 10100212 10100202 

13115 11500003 

GEORGIA POWER COMPANY, HAMMOND STEAM-ELECTRIC GENERATING PLANT SG02 ST1 1 10100212 10100202 

13115 11500003 

GEORGIA POWER COMPANY, HAMMOND STEAM-ELECTRIC GENERATING PLANT SG03 ST1 1 10100212 10100202 

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FIPS Plant ID Plant Name Point ID Stack ID Segment 2002 SCC IPM SCC 

13115 11500003 

GEORGIA POWER COMPANY, HAMMOND STEAM-ELECTRIC GENERATING PLANT SG04 ST2 1 10100212 10100202 

13207 20700008 

GEORGIA POWER COMPANY, SCHERER STEAM-ELECTRIC GENERATING PLANT SG01 ST1 1 10100212 10100226 

13207 20700008 

GEORGIA POWER COMPANY, SCHERER STEAM-ELECTRIC GENERATING PLANT SG02 ST2 1 10100212 10100226 

13207 20700008 

GEORGIA POWER COMPANY, SCHERER STEAM-ELECTRIC GENERATING PLANT SG03 ST3 1 10100212 10100226 

13207 20700008 

GEORGIA POWER COMPANY, SCHERER STEAM-ELECTRIC GENERATING PLANT SG04 ST4 1 10100212 10100226 

13237 23700008 

GEORGIA POWER COMPANY, BRANCH STEAM-ELECTRIC GENERATING PLANT SG01 ST1 1 10100212 10100202 

13237 23700008 

GEORGIA POWER COMPANY, BRANCH STEAM-ELECTRIC GENERATING PLANT SG02 ST1 1 10100212 10100202 

13237 23700008 

GEORGIA POWER COMPANY, BRANCH STEAM-ELECTRIC GENERATING PLANT SG03 ST2 1 10100212 10100202 

13237 23700008 

GEORGIA POWER COMPANY, BRANCH STEAM-ELECTRIC GENERATING PLANT SG04 ST2 1 10100212 10100202 

21111 0126 LOU GAS & ELEC, CANE RUN 06 06 01 10100212 10100202 21111 0127 LOU GAS & ELEC, MILL CREEK 03 03 01 10100212 10100202 21111 0127 LOU GAS & ELEC, MILL CREEK 04 04 01 10100212 10100202 21157 2115700053 DUKE ENERGY MARSHALL COUNTY,LLC 001A 1 2 20100101 20100201 21223 2122300002 LOUISVILLE GAS & ELECTRIC TRIMBLE CO GEN STATION 001 1 1 10100202 10100212 28007 2800700032 ATTALA GENERATING COMPANY, LLC 003 3 1 10100602 20100201 28047 2804700055 MISSISSIPPI POWER COMPANY, PLANT JACK WATSON 004 4 1 10100101 10100202 28047 2804700055 MISSISSIPPI POWER COMPANY, PLANT JACK WATSON 005 5 1 10100101 10100202 28059 2805900090 MISSISSIPPI POWER COMPANY, PLANT DANIEL 001 1 1 10100223 10100212 28059 2805900090 MISSISSIPPI POWER COMPANY, PLANT DANIEL 002 2 1 10100223 10100212 28059 2805900090 MISSISSIPPI POWER COMPANY, PLANT DANIEL 003 3 1 20100101 20100201 28059 2805900090 MISSISSIPPI POWER COMPANY, PLANT DANIEL 004 4 1 20100101 20100201 28059 2805900090 MISSISSIPPI POWER COMPANY, PLANT DANIEL 005 5 1 20100101 20100201 28059 2805900090 MISSISSIPPI POWER COMPANY, PLANT DANIEL 006 6 1 20100101 20100201 37017 3701700043 ELIZABETHTOWN POWER, LLC G-17A S-1 8 10101202 10100204 37035 3703500073 DUKE ENERGY CORPORATION - MARSHALL STEAM STATION G-1 S-3 5 10100202 10100212 37035 3703500073 DUKE ENERGY CORPORATION - MARSHALL STEAM STATION G-2 S-4 13 10100202 10100212 37035 3703500073 DUKE ENERGY CORPORATION - MARSHALL STEAM STATION G-4 S-1 11 10100202 10100212 

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.5 - 327 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group 

Alpine Geophysics, LLC ▪ 387 Pollard Mine Road ▪ Burnsville, NC 28714 ▪ (828) 675-9045 ▪ (828) 675-5801 FAX 

FIPS Plant ID Plant Name Point ID Stack ID Segment 2002 SCC IPM SCC 

37035 3703500073 DUKE ENERGY CORPORATION - MARSHALL STEAM STATION G-5 S-2 12 10100202 10100212 37071 3707100039 DUKE ENERGY CORPORATION - ALLEN STEAM STATION G-14 S-1 1 10100202 10100212 37071 3707100039 DUKE ENERGY CORPORATION - ALLEN STEAM STATION G-15 S-2 3 10100202 10100212 37071 3707100039 DUKE ENERGY CORPORATION - ALLEN STEAM STATION G-16 S-3 5 10100202 10100212 37071 3707100039 DUKE ENERGY CORPORATION - ALLEN STEAM STATION G-17 S-4 7 10100202 10100212 37071 3707100039 DUKE ENERGY CORPORATION - ALLEN STEAM STATION G-18 S-5 9 10100202 10100212 37071 3707100040 DUKE ENERGY CORPORATION - RIVERBEND STEAM STATION G-17 S-5 20 10100202 10100212 37145 3714500029 CP&L - ROXBORO STEAM ELECTRIC PLANT G-29 S-1 1 10100212 10100202 37145 3714500029 CP&L - ROXBORO STEAM ELECTRIC PLANT G-35A S-3 5 10100212 10100202 37145 3714500029 CP&L - ROXBORO STEAM ELECTRIC PLANT G-35B S-3 5 10100212 10100202 37145 3714500029 CP&L - ROXBORO STEAM ELECTRIC PLANT G-36A S-4 7 10100212 10100202 37145 3714500029 CP&L - ROXBORO STEAM ELECTRIC PLANT G-36B S-4 7 10100212 10100202 37145 3714500045 CP&L - MAYO FACILITY G-46A S-1 1 10100212 10100202 37145 3714500045 CP&L - MAYO FACILITY G-46B S-1 1 10100212 10100202 37155 3715500147 PROGRESS ENERGY CAROLINAS, INC., W.H. WEATHERSPOON PLANT G-26 S-2 9 10100202 10100212 37155 3715500166 LUMBERTON POWER, LLC G-17A S-1 7 10101202 10100204 37159 3715900004 DUKE ENERGY CORPORATION - BUCK STEAM STATION G-4 S-6 8 10100202 10100212 37159 3715900163 ROWAN COUNTY POWER LLC G-1 S-1 1 10100604 20100201 37159 3715900163 ROWAN COUNTY POWER LLC G-2 S-2 3 10100604 20100201 37159 3715900163 ROWAN COUNTY POWER LLC G-3 S-3 5 10100604 20100201 37169 3716900004 DUKE ENERGY CORP - BELEWS CREEK STEAM STATION G-17 S-1 1 10100215 10100202 37169 3716900004 DUKE ENERGY CORP - BELEWS CREEK STEAM STATION G-18 S-2 2 10100215 10100202 37191 3719100017 PROGRESS ENERGY - F LEE PLANT G-3 S-1 3 10100212 10100202 37191 3719100017 PROGRESS ENERGY - F LEE PLANT G-4 S-2 5 10100212 10100202 45021 0600-0081 DUKE ENERGY:MILL CREEK CA1 1 2 20100101 20100201 45021 0600-0081 DUKE ENERGY:MILL CREEK CA2 2 2 20100101 20100201 45021 0600-0081 DUKE ENERGY:MILL CREEK CA3 3 2 20100101 20100201 47145 0013 TVA KINGSTON FOSSIL PLANT 001 S-1 1 10100202 10100212 47145 0013 TVA KINGSTON FOSSIL PLANT 002 S-1 1 10100202 10100212 47145 0013 TVA KINGSTON FOSSIL PLANT 003 S-1 1 10100202 10100212 47145 0013 TVA KINGSTON FOSSIL PLANT 004 S-1 1 10100202 10100212 47145 0013 TVA KINGSTON FOSSIL PLANT 005 S-1 1 10100202 10100212 47145 0013 TVA KINGSTON FOSSIL PLANT 006 S-2 1 10100202 10100212 47145 0013 TVA KINGSTON FOSSIL PLANT 007 S-2 1 10100202 10100212 

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.5 - 328 

 December 17, 2007
Atmospheric Sciences Group 

Alpine Geophysics, LLC ▪ 387 Pollard Mine Road ▪ Burnsville, NC 28714 ▪ (828) 675-9045 ▪ (828) 675-5801 FAX 

FIPS Plant ID Plant Name Point ID Stack ID Segment 2002 SCC IPM SCC 

47145 0013 TVA KINGSTON FOSSIL PLANT 008 S-2 1 10100202 10100212 47145 0013 TVA KINGSTON FOSSIL PLANT 009 S-2 1 10100202 10100212 47157 00528 ALLEN FOSSIL PLANT CTrb10 CTrb10 13 20100101 20100201 47161 0011 TVA CUMBERLAND FOSSIL PLANT 001 S-01 1 10100215 10100202 47161 0011 TVA CUMBERLAND FOSSIL PLANT 002 S-02 1 10100215 10100202 51001 00030 COMMONWEALTH CHESAPEAKE POWER STATION 1A 1 1 20100101 20100201 51001 00030 COMMONWEALTH CHESAPEAKE POWER STATION 1B 1 2 20100101 20100201 51001 00030 COMMONWEALTH CHESAPEAKE POWER STATION 1C 1 3 20100101 20100201 51001 00030 COMMONWEALTH CHESAPEAKE POWER STATION 1D 1 4 20100101 20100201 51001 00030 COMMONWEALTH CHESAPEAKE POWER STATION 1E 1 5 20100101 20100201 51001 00030 COMMONWEALTH CHESAPEAKE POWER STATION 1F 1 6 20100101 20100201 51001 00030 COMMONWEALTH CHESAPEAKE POWER STATION 1G 1 7 20100101 20100201 51083 00046 DOMINION - CLOVER POWER STATION 1 1 4 10100501 10100212 51083 00046 DOMINION - CLOVER POWER STATION 2 2 4 10100501 10100212 51153 00002 DOMINION - POSSUM POINT 3 3 1 10100212 20100201 51175 00051 DOMINION - SOUTHAMPTON POWER STATION 1 1 1 10200219 10100204 51191 00180 WOLF HILLS ENERGY LLC 21 1 1 20100209 20100201 51191 00180 WOLF HILLS ENERGY LLC 22 2 1 20100202 20100201 51191 00180 WOLF HILLS ENERGY LLC 23 3 1 20100202 20100201 51191 00180 WOLF HILLS ENERGY LLC 24 4 1 20100202 20100201 51191 00180 WOLF HILLS ENERGY LLC 25 5 1 20100202 20100201 51760 00389 DOMINION - BELLEMEADE 20 1 1 20100101 20100201 51760 00389 DOMINION - BELLEMEADE 21 2 1 20100101 20100201 54023 0014 NORTH BRANCH POWER STATION 002 001 01 10100217 10100202 

Emissions Preparation & Results 

Regional Haze SIP for NC Class I Areas

Appendix D.5 - 329 

 December 17, 2007