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16


APPENDIX A:

PARTIAL GROTRIAN DIAGRAMS

AL

Ne
ane Mult. desig. a Mult. desig. h
Mult. no. Mult. no.

A....|2p®2pe - 2p62s 460.7 | sp52p° - sp62s_ 919.8
(uv 1) 462.4 (uv 1) 932.0
B....|2p52p° - 35 4p 456.3 | 3p°2p°- 4s 4p 744.9
(UV 2) 456.9 (UV 3) 748.2
455.3 740.3
454.6 745.3
131.4
2p'pe- 35 2p 446.3 | 3p52po_ 45 2p 723.4
(uv 3) 446.6 (uv 4) 725.5
445.0 718.1
447.8 730.9
3s 4P - 3p 4p° 3694.2 [4s 4P - 4p 4p° 4806.1
(1) 3734.9 6) 4933.2
3751.3 4972.2
3664.1 | “ 4735.9
3709.6 4847.9
3766.3 5009.4
3777.2 5062.1
3s 4P - 3p 4p° 3334.9 |4s 4P - 4p 4p° 4348.1
(2) 3355.0 (7) 4426.0
3360.6 4430.2
3297.7 4266.5
3327.2 4331.2
3344.4 4379.7
F.....]38 4P - 3p 2p° 3135.8 [4s 4p - 4p 2p° 4082.4
(3) (3136.5P) (8) 4112.8
(3086.3P) 3974.8
3187.6 4228.2

37


APPENDIX A: PARTIAL GROTRIAN DIAGRAMS

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Preface

When the late Paul W. Merrill was planning his publication on “Lines
of the Chemical Elements in Astronomical Spectra,” he requested the pres-
ent author (CEM) to prepare a set of selected Partial Grotrian Diagrams
for inclusion as Appendix A.

In response to similar, more recent requests for Grotrian Diagrams,
and in order to make them more generally available, Appendix A is being
reprinted here by permission of the Director of Publications, Carnegie
Institution of Washington. To facilitate the use of the material, a descrip-
tive column is included in the index. The spectra for which partial diagrams
have been made are indicated by “D”. The related spectra whose leading
lines are included in the tabular keys to the diagrams, are noted by “K”.

In the original publication, Appendix A comprises pages 103 to 165.
In the present publication the corresponding pages run from 8 to 65.

Charlotte E. Moore

Washington, D. C.
February 21, 1968.


APPENDIX A: PARTIAL GROTRIAN DIAGRAMS

PI sir CLI AIV KV
Key | Multiplet
ont, Mult. Mult. Mult. Mult. Mult.
letter | designation N no. no. a No. a ho. aA ho.
A.... |3p°4s° - 3p?2pr | (5332.4P) (2E) | 4068.6 (LF) | (3342.72) (2F) | (2803.6P) ...... | (2495.3P) .....
(5339.7P) 4076.4 (3353.4P) (2868.2P) (2515.3P)
3p34s° - 3p32p° | (8787.6P) (1F) 6716.4 (2F) | 5517.7 (1F) | 4711.3 (IF) | 4122.63 (1F)
(8799.1P) 6730.8 5537.6 4740.2 4163.30
C.... | 3p32p° - 3p32p°} (13561.8P) ..... (10320.4P) (3F) | (8480.9P) (3F) | 7237.3  (2F) | (6321.8P) (2F)
(13581.9P) (10336.4P) (8501.8P) 7262.8 (6354.7P)
(13534.7P) (10286.7P) (8433.7P) 7170.6 (6228.4P)

31


APPENDIX A: PARTIAL GROTRIAN DIAGRAMS

8°bLSh 96902 B'LFOST
6°L9Sp 79902 T'0s0sT
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qv 13

17


APPENDIX A: PARTIAL GROTRIAN DIAGRAMS

AIT sil
Key Multiplet
letter | designation Mult. | Mult
no. no.
[3p 2pe - 45 2g 3961.5 (1) 1533.4 (UV 2)
3944.0 1526.7
B.... [3p 2P° - 3d 2p | 3092.7 (3) ‘| 1265.0 (UV 4)
3082.2 1260.7
3092.8
.. }3p2p_ - 4p 2pe — | 3856.0 (1)
3862.6
3853.7
25 - 4p 2p | 1gi23.2P (4) | 6347.1 (2)
13150.6P 6371.4
.. [3d 2p - 4f 2° | 11255.7P (8) | 4130.9 (3)
11254.0P 4128.1
AIT Gal Int
Key 7"
lett Mult. desig. r Mult. desig. Xr Mult. desig. r
°F} Mult. no. Mult. no. Mult. no.
A....[3p 2p? - 4s 2g 3961.5 |4p 2P° - Ss 25 4172.0 | 5p 2P° - 6s 2g 4511.3
@) 3944.0 (1) 4033.0 (1) 4101.8
.{3p 2p°- 3d 2p © 3092.7 |4p 2p? - 4a 2p 2943.6 | Sp 2P° - 5a 2D 3256.1
(3) 3082.2 (UV 1) 2874.2 3039.4
3092.8 2944.2 3258.6
Cc... sp22p - 6p 2p° -(13266.1P)
~(12669.7P)
.|4s 2s - 4p 2p 13123.2P|5s 25 - 5p 2° 11949.2 | 6s 25 - 6p 2P° 12912.6
13150.6P 12109.9 (13430.4P)
E....3d 2p - 4f 2F° 11255.7P|4d 2p - 5 2F° 8813.7 | 5d 2D - Gf 2F" 9370.4
11254.0P 8808.9 9350.0

23


APPENDIX A: PARTIAL GROTRIAN DIAGRAMS

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PARTIAL GROTRIAN DIAGRAMS

APPENDIX A:

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Index to Diagrams—continued

Zz Sp Descr.* Page Zz Sp Descr.* Page
19 Kr K 9 81 Gat K 23
K 18
KiIv K 85 37 Rb 1 K 9
Kv K 31:
38 Sri K 19
20 Ca I D 18 Sr 0 K 18
1
Ca 1 D rr 89 xr K *%
K 3 Yu K AL
Cav K 85 40 Dr 1 K aT
21 Se 1 D 42 aru K 45
K 43
AL Nb I K 51
Se D 40
x 4 Nb m1 K 49
. 42, Mor K 55
22 Tit D 46
Kk aT Mo 0 K 53
Tin D 44 43 Te 1 K 59
K 45 Te 1 K 57
23 vi D 50 49 Int K 28
K Bl
Vu D 48 55 Cs 1 K 9
K 49
56 Bat K 19
24 Cri D 54 Ba I K 13
K 55
Cru D 52 57 La I K 43
K 53 La 0 K 41
25 Mn I D 58 2 Hf 0 K 45
K 59
Mn D 56 74 Wi K 55
K Br v6) Rel K 59
26 Fe 1 D 62 Re 1 K 57
Fe D 61
Fe m1 D 60
27 Cor D 63
28 Ni D 65
Nil D 64



Index to Diagrams

Zz Sp Deser.* Page Z Sp Descr.* Page
1 Hr D 4 1 Nal K 9
K i
2 He I D 6 Na Iv K 33
He 0 D 5
12 Mg 1 D 16
8 Lit D 8 K 17
K 9 K 19
Mg D 10
4 Ber K 15 K rf
Be 1 D 8 Mg v K 33
K 9
18 Alt K 23
5 Br K 21 Ala K 17
6 C1 K 25 Al mr K u
Cu D 20 14 Sir D 26
K 21 K 27
cm D 14 Sim D 22
K 15 K 23
cw D 8 Sim K 17
K 9 Si v K il
7 NI K 29 15 Pi K 31
ua D 24 Pt K 27
K 25
Nm K 21 16 SI D 34
Niv K 15 K 35
Nv K 9 Su D 30
K 31
8 O1 D 382 $m K 27
K 33
Ou D 28 17 cin K 85
K 29 Cl m K 31
Om D 24 Cliv K 27
K 25
Ow K 21 18 Al D 39
Ov K 15 Al D 36
Ow K 9 K 387
10 Net D 38 an x a
Ne Il K. 87
Ne m1 K 38 AV K a
Ne Iv K 29
Nev K 25

* D—Diagram
K—Tabular Key



APPENDIX A: PARTIAL GROTRIAN DIAGRAMS

Key Multiptet Bel cm NIV ov
letter designation q Mult. n Mult. n Mult, " Muit.
no. no. no. no.
Bice as2lg - 2p 1p° | 2348.6 (Uv1) | 977.0 (uv 1) 165.1 (UV 1) 629.7 (UV 1)
Bowe 28215. 3p Ip? 386.2 (UV 2) 247.2 (uv2) | 172.2 (uv 2)
C cee ap 3p° - 3s 3g | 3321.3 (1) 538.3 (UV 5) 322.7 (UV 4) | 215.2 (Uv 4)
3321.1 538.2 322.6 215.1
3321.0 538.1 322.5 215.0
Dveseee ap tp - 2p%p | 7209.3... 2296.9  (UV8) | 17185 - (uv 7) | 1371.3 (Uv 7)
Eo 2p Ipe - ap@ts | 3455.2 see 1247.4 955.3 (uv 8) | 774.5 (uv 8)
Fen 2p Ip -~ 3513 | 8264.1 (2) 690.5  (uvio) | 3874 (uvs) | 2485 (Uva)
G......] 2p 3p>-3a4p | 4972.7 (3) 574.3 (Uv 11) 335.0 (uv 10) | 220.4 (UV 10)
H.. 3s 3g - sp 3p* |14904.3 ee 4647.4 (1) 3478.7 (1) 2781.0
4650.2 3483.0 2787.0
4651.4 3484.9 2789.9
3p!pe -3a1p | ——-  ——— | 5696.0 (2) 4057.8 (3) 3144.7 (2)

15


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APPENDIX A: PARTIAL GROTRIAN DIAGRAMS

cr ov
Key Multiplet r
letter designation r Mult. x Mult. r Mult. a Mult.
no. no. no. no.
Besse 2p*pe- 352s | 2497.7 (U1) | 858.6 (UV 4) 452.2 (UV4) | 279.9 (uv 4)
2496.8 858.1 451.9 219.6
B...... |2p2P° - 2p22p | 2089.6 (Uv 2) | 1335.7 (Uv 1) 991.6 (uv 1) | 790.2 (UV 1)
2088.8 1334.5 989.8 181.7
991.5 790.1
Coe 38g -3p2p> |———  ——— | 6578.0 2) 4097.3 (1) 3063.5 (1)
6582.8 4103.4 3071.7
Dieses 3p2pe-342p |——- —— | 7236.2 (8) 4640.6 (2) 3411.8 (2)
7231.1 4634.2 3403.6
4641.9 3413.7

21


UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE e ~=C. R. Smith, Secretary
NATIONAL BUREAU OF STANDARDS © A. V. Astin, Director

Partial Grotrian Diagrams of
Astrophysical Interest

Charlotte E. Moore

Institute for Basic Standards
National Bureau of Standards
Washington, D. C. 20234

and

Paul W. Merrill

Mount Wilson and Palomar Observatories

A Reprint of Appendix A from
“Lines of the Chemical Elements in Astronomical Spectra”
by Paul W. Merrill .
Carnegie Institution of Washington Publication 610, 1956

NSRDS-NBS 23
National Standard Reference Data Series
National Bureau of Standards 23

Issued June 1968

For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office
Washington, D.C., 20402 - Price 55 cents


4.94

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PARTIAL GROTRIAN DIAGRAMS

APPENDIX A:

“pS6l ‘998d

‘seqeg "W pure ‘ugTe}eD,

"Vy CW ‘si033a~W ‘aM
Aq sysdyeue paystyqnduy «|

dg = do(sq)gps dg = de(so)gpy dy = dy(sye)gpe
89 = 89(Sq)gPS 8¢ = 8¢(Sq)¢Ph Sh = 84(Soe) PE
o-L9se Le9¢e
9'assz 686s
Paar O'bLbs
B'Lbs2 TpLbs
86257 dg gPh | e09re
8°9662 odg 2 - dg & | ovzpre a
z'eore zsere Tesez
eres dg sg] ores ds ss | s'eeez
O'EELZ odg Z - So ® | OLE dg z - Spe | zerez
ze dg s9 | ovsuse dg ss | ooops
20S od, 2 - T'268e ody 2 - So ® | o'eepe
z'su22 ovLp9z 19092
sez, dg sg | ovorsz ds ss | 1's6sz
TCT od, 2 - 8,2 | epez dy - 8, % | T'ouc2
vou “3TtW ‘ou “TIN “ou ITO
x “Stsep “10 x ‘B18ep “ITN . “Stsep “NW. “on
Pot 194, UW

57


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28


PARTIAL GROTRIAN DIAGRAMS

APPENDIX A:

dg = d9(g)zgPs
«89 = 89(Cq)2PS
89 = 99(d¢)zPS

dg = dg(age)gpy
18S = S(T") ZPy
G = 86(1g2)zPF

dy = dp(age)gpe
18h = SH(Cyze)gPE
= SH(dg2)ePE

(26) (12) (#8)
898s dg Po | o'Tsue dg Ph | s‘eres a gPt
$'66SF Dz Z - De 4 | 28698 Dez - Dze | S:006s zz - De |" H
(+6) (u9) (18)
L'CSph dg PS | O'bIOb dg ePh | e'T0sh dy PE
Vet og ¥ - Dg | SIH og z - OZ® | G89 dz Zz - OZ B/D
(91) (61)
Tse1z dg 189 | 2'9968 dg wg | 8'epbb dy i
U'998% og X¥ - Gza | goes tg Zz - Gzge | o'seeh gz - aye
(95)
687 dg s9 | p6Lbe dg sg | e'Tree
$982 Dz 2 - dze | Tere Dz 2 - dzge | ovsves
(e%)
26992 dg s9 | e'0S0r dg sg | z'se9e
G'Lg9z oz * - dzge | Lepr Gz2 - age | sse9e Gz - dze}"d
(14) (et)
6'SLSz dg 0°60 dg 8g | S°TOLe dy sy
¥889% odg X - Bor odg Z - dee | CSU dg 2 - dpe
LTLge S'LSeE o'epee
B°BLge e'9086 (s) 0°68ZE (2)
o-Lz9% dg S°6LZE dg sg | g'9eze oy 85
SLE ody A - oeuze ody 7 - dpe | Speze od Z - dpe] a
z'peTs SZLsE geese
6°SL6% 2965S (1) BLES ()

WELLE dg seers dg sg | o'toss dy SF
VIPOZ oDy % o'eeee O, 2 - dpe | verse D,2 - ape |" Vv
“ou WNW sou “FN sou INN

x a
X_-Brsep “a “Ss0p “TW XS sisep ow | eT
IH mz ONL

45


APPENDIX A: PARTIAL GROTRIAN DIAGRAMS

Sil PIL SUI cli AV
Key Multiplet
letter designation r Mult. r Mult. a Mult. » Mult] r Mult.
no. no. no. no. no.
A....|3p°3p_ ~ sp24p | (16455.0P) (11884.1P) (1F)|(9532.1P) (IF) | 8045.6 (1F)|7005.7 (IF)
(16068.4P) (11470.0P) (9069.6P) 7530.5 6435.1
B....|3p23p - 3p21g | (6589.7P) (1F) (4736.6P) (2F)|(3796.8P) (2F) |(3203.6P) (2F) |(2785.2P) .......
6527.1 (4669.5P) 3721.8 (3118.7P) (2691.1P)
.|3p24p_ - sp24g |(10991.5P) (2F) (7875.7P) (3F)|6312.1 (3F) | 5323.3 (3F)| 4625.5 (2F)
D....{3p24p ~ 4s 3p} 2970.4 (1) 1278.1 736:2 (UV 11)| (493.3P) —
2987.6 1284.4 738.5 (496.0P)
E....|3p4p - 4s 1p 2881.6 (UV 43)] 1249.8 729.5 (UV 12)| 486.2 350.9 (UV 8)
F..../3p%4s - 4s 3p>} 4102.9 (2) 1534.5? 836.3 (UV 13)} (546.9P) —
G....]3p24s - 4s 1p} 3905.5 (3) 1485.5 824.9 (UV 14)} 535.0 —
H.... {4s 9p° - 4p 3p | 12031.5 (4) 6043.1 (5) |4253.6. (4) 3076.7 —_
11984.2 6024.2 4285.0 3063.1
11991.6 6034.0 4332.7 3071.4
- 4p 3p | 10827.1 (5) 5425.9 (6) {3838.3 (5) 2782.5 —
10749.4 5386.9 3837.8 2751.2
10979.3 5499.7 3899.1P) 2835.4
10786.9 5409.7 3860.6 2770.6
10603.4 5316.1 3778.9 2701.4
10661.0 5344.7 3831.8 2724.0

27


60000

ev

ba
3
|

50000 —

— 4.94
— 3.70

YZGWNN JAVM

I |
8 8
6 3
a 9

z

— 2.47

20000 —

10000 —

NICKEL Z=28


APPENDIX A

PARTIAL GROTRIAN DIAGRAMS OF ASTROPHYSICAL INTEREST

Charlotte E. Moore * and Paul W. Merrill

Introduction

Grotrian diagrams. Many years ago W. Grotrian
devised a graphical representation of the relations of
characteristic spectrum lines to the quantum energy
levels of various atoms and ions, and gave many exam-
ples for atoms and ions with one, two, and three valence
electrons. These ‘‘Grotrian diagrams” (ZZ17, 18, 20)
have been of great value to astronomers as well as to
physicists. A few excellent diagrams of carbon, nitro-
gen, and oxygen ions were prepared by B. £dlén in con-
nection with his important laboratory work in the far
ultraviolet (ZZ51). Some simplified diagrams of low-
excitation lines will be found in a useful recent French
monograph on flame spectra (ZZ1).

‘A new collection of partial diagrams of many of
the lighter elements has been prepared especially for
this monograph. The purpose of the Grotrian diagrams
in this appendix is to exhibit, for various elements, the
atomic transitions responsible for the chief lines ob-
served in astronomical spectra. We must emphasize
the astronomical bias of the diagrams and the fact
that they do not, by any means, include all transitions
which the atoms actually perform. It is not feasible to
indicate all the multiplets, to say nothing of all the
lines; it has even been necessary to omit many of the
known spectroscopic terms. Hence, as representa-
tions of actual atomic structure and behavior, the dia-
grams of many elements are oversimplified and woe-

* National Bureau of Standards.

ZZ1 L’Analyse spectrale quantitative par la flamme.
R. Mavrodineanu and H. Boiteux,. Masson et

Cie, Paris, 1954.

Graphische Darstellung der Spektren von Atomen
und Ionen mit ein, zwei und drei Valenzelektro-
nen. Volume II. W. Grotrian. Julius Springer,
Berlin, 1928. Handbuch der Astrophysik.

Julius Springer, Berlin.

Z217

fully incomplete. We have tried, however, to retain
enough of the important features to display the main
quantum organization, especially of the lower terms.

Multiplets are represented by straight lines: the
line is solid for transitions between terms of the same
multiplicity, dashed for transitions between terms of
different multiplicity (intersystem multiplets), and dot-
dashed for transitions whose upper terms are metasta-
ble (forbidden transitions between terms of the same
parity).

The wave lengths in angstroms of one or more of
the strongest lines in each multiplet are given; the ac-
companying figure in parentheses indicates the multi-
plet number either (1) in the Revised Multiplet Table
(A Multiplet Table of Astrophysical Interest, Revised
Edition, Contributions from the Princeton University
Observatory No. 20, 1945) or (2) if accompanied by
the letters UV, in An Ultraviolet Multiplet Table (Cir-
cular of the National Bureau of Standards 488, 1950).

Tabular keys to Grotrian diagrams. To list im-
portant corresponding lines in spectra of various ele-
ments, and thus to make a diagram serve for more than
one element, we include a number of tables showing in
parallel columns analogous lines of two or more re-
lated spectra. These tables are of two kinds: they may
list (1) isoelectronic sequences such as NaI, MgII, ALII
SiIV, or (2) corresponding spectra in successive periods
of the Periodic Table such as Lil, Nal, KI, RbI, CsI.
Wave lengths greater than 2000A are IA values in air;
those less than 2000A are values in vacuum.

ZZ18 _W. Grotrian. Gesetzmissigkeiten in den
Serienspektren. Volume 3, part 2, page 475,
1930.

2220 W. Grotrian. Gesetzmissigkeiten in den

Serienspektren. Volume 7, page 250, 1936.

ZZ51 Wellenlangen und Termsysteme zu den Atom-
spektren der Elemente Lithium, Beryllium,
Bor, Kohlenstoff, Stickstoff und Sauerstoff.
Bengt Edlén. Nova Acta Regiae Societatis
Scientiarum Upsaliensis, series IV, volume 9,

no. 6, 1934.


5.56

45000 —

ev

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— 4.94

40000 —

— 4.32

35000 —

30000 —

3.09
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| |
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8 8
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18

15000 —

10000 —

5000 —

— 0.62

CALCIUM Z=20

— 0.00



PARTIAL GROTRIAN DIAGRAMS

APPENDIX A:

dg = do(age)sozp¢

dg = dg (Age)8S5 PF

Sy = dh (Age)sF PE

dg = de(Sge) Ph dy = do(Soe)ghe
189 = 89(SgB)gPS 8g = 86(Soe)gPh Sh = SH(Sge)cPE
s"0Lss (5) $7029 (2)
Oveess dg 8g} 0°90%9 dy 85
$°90SS «dg 2 - Sg B®] F802 dg Z - Sot |G
9625 (9) O'F6TE (8) §'S09E (>)
V PLOY dg #89 | SOLIS wag sg} geese ay 8
8800 ody dSzP-S, Sor | 9'zeTs od, 4 - S,e | L'eLsE dy A - S,
OLSLE (u) 8°80z8 (2) (do'ts98) (8)
1208 dg 89 Seste ag sg] e*geae aay
O'898E .G, Sz -S,ScF | Tztte Gd, 2 - S,e | g'st9s G,z -
o'eo6s (09) 1682h (1)
T'p988 dg 8g] 8'PLer dy
SR6LE od, Z - S,e | CHSC ody z -
ou “FINAL “OU "FINAL x “Ou “FINAL
x “31sep “TW . “818ep “UAW “Btsep “IN rien
TM 10W 129

55


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10000

0.62

Fel

5000

=26

IRON Z

0.00


APPENDIX A: PARTIAL GROTRIAN DIAGRAMS

(42) (az'966e) | (42) 6'OTSh | (ae) B'T6Ts | —— (de) 9th | Sqpde - ype | 0
(ae°21¥2) * (atte) (az"eote) | —— (42) (a€t'68st) | Spp4e - dpgde.| “ve
69809 (a8"s629) VTSuL (au"s216) (ae" 90811)
(at) wees | (a1) e019 | (at) e'sete | (at) (a6 6nse) | (at) (de'OzR0T) | aypde - dgzde | -
‘ou “Ou ‘ou ‘ou ‘ou
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35


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ARGON Z

36


PARTIAL GROTRIAN DIAGRAMS

APPENDIX A:

1nd = dg(age)scepy
dg=  de(age),py
Sg=  8¢(dgt),Pp

wtb = dp (dge)spgrE
d= — dy(dgt),Pe
Sh=  SH(Cge)5PE

ovsese (») o'sone (62)
6SLSE dg Sg] L'POLE — 1,db sy
8088 xdg 4 - dge® | 9'€0LE ody - dye a
ezo8e Sse
ovesee (as'st8e)
erspge (2) 9"6088 (82)
erese pads sg} s'eogs §— radb Sp
BILE og S - dye | o's6z8 .dg x - dye | 9
T’soue (a9'9TT+)
T'POLE LOIly
O6SLE (s) S'OIIh (12)
8'8ELE dg ss] 2'STIy dy sy
OCTLE og X - dg® | STITh yh - age
TLstp 900%)
SE2TF z's6eh
6°00Th () "068% (22)
wenop = dg so] L'p8ep dy 8%
6'BS0F og h - Age | 26LEr alg A - dg B®
ou “FIN ou “FTW
x “Stsep IW x “Bsep “am _| “pet
14N IA

51


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subpanels which make detailed studies of users’ needs, the present state of
knowledge, and existing data resources as a basis for recommending one or
more data compilation activities. This asembly of advisory services con-
tributes greatly to the guidance of NSRDS activities.

The NSRDS-NBS series of publications is intended primarily to in-
clude evaluated reference data and critical reviews of long-term interest to
the scientific and technical community.

A. V. Astin, Director.

Iv


APPENDIX A: PARTIAL GROTRIAN DIAGRAMS

dg = do(aye)s9 ps ug = As(aqe)ss Pp dy = do(aye)8p PE
wg = d9(dge)s9 ps iSg = dg(age)sg Py dy = dp(age)sp pe
se = 289 PS 2s = 28S PP ob = 25 PE
(2) (>) (8)
Loess 49 289] Lerop dg 28s | $2068 dy 2s
90863 dg f - dz | gpL9r dg Zz - Gge | Bites ag 4 - age [vg
(8) (2) (2)
stoss —,d9 289 | L'I6T9 ag 28S | §°020F dy aa
Vscps .dz 4 - dze® | o'ser9 dg 2 - dge® | Lezor dg 4 - age
(¢) (¢)
4°9619 4,9 289 | ¥'e209 wag 28S | 976829 dy ar
8169 .d, Z - Gz | Pesto GO, z - dze | oegz9 Gz - dze
(3) (2)
s‘oss9 dg 289] 6 2rty dg gs | uotzo dy 23h
GOLZL zg 2 - ze | e'e@ty gf - age | L089 gz - age |" g
(1) q)
eessh = ,d9 259 | 9°L899 wag 28S | 8°8L89 dy 2h
€R76L dp Z - Gye | Le6L9 dy 2 - Gz e | HETHO oly 2 - Cz e v
‘ou “7 ‘ou “NW sou “WW
xX
x “Btsep “OW “S1sep “MW x “S18ep “TIN oy
eT IK 19s



PARTIAL GROTRIAN DIAGRAMS

APPENDIX A:

dg 238
v'pSer Tes9e dy 2 - 8] e 8'6E2S veeeey
(81)
dg 8g
sees suze dy 2 - Gye | sresee coe:
(st)
dg 8g
aan uate dy 2 - ape | acess a)
(et)
dg sg
sesh epLer Gy 2 - dpe | sy ay Zz - Gye
orppee 9°2ehh () zeosz (TAN)
er08ss oreeer dg ss | sossz dp 55
GLEE dg X - Gg | 9608 dg 2 - dee | Hz9G2 dg - age |g
(4) (2)
ezise do sg] oupe dg sg | az'seze
T1098 dy 4 - age | gous dp 2 - age | etsee
orestp (0%) 6'T09e () eroass
wisop = dg so| rites dg ss | crouse
$9868 dg 4 - de® | 1'0098 dg 2 - Gee | Grzuse dp z - age |"
Pr LLOY (HW) Lresas () e'zp9s ()
zezte dg sg] spe dg ss | wosss dy
T0r6e de® - dee | CLs ae 2 - Gye | sero ag 2 - Gye |g
(ge) (9) (a
sete = dg so | poses dg ss | reses dp sy
O'tLsh Gy 4 - dee | geese cc, z - Gee | ovsves a, z - dee fy
“ou "FNAL ‘ou “FINAL “ou “FINAL
x “3180p “VW x “S1sep “mW x “aisap"ammn_| “pay
met mA 1198

41


APPENDIX A: PARTIAL GROTRIAN DIAGRAMS

Key Multiptet Nal Mell ALU silV
letter designation Mult. d Mult. q Mult. a Mult.
no. no. no. no.
B veseeee 385 - 3p2p°} 5890.0 (1) 2795.5 (UV 1) 1854.7 (UV 1) | 1393.7 (UV 1)
5895.9 2802.7 1862.8 1402.7
Bee 3p2p°- 482s | 11403.6 (3) 2936.5 (UV 2) 1384.1 818.1 (UV 4)
11381.2 2928.6 1379.7 815.1
.|3p*p° - 5823 | 6160.7 (5) 1753.6 856.8 (516.3P)
6154.2 1750.9 855.0 (517.8P)
D....-{3p 2B? - 3d2D | 8194.8 (4) 2798.0 (UV 3) 1611.8 sees | 1128.3 (UV 3)
8183.3 2790.8 1605.8 1122.5
8194.8
EB vee 3p 2p°- 442p | 5688.2 (6) 1737.8 893.9 os 561.1
5682.6 1735.0 892.1
5688.2
F w..[4828 - 5p 2p? | 10745.9 (18) 3613.8 (2) (1911.8P) 1210.5 seeeeeaee
10748.7 3615.6 (1913.2P)
G veces 3d 2D - 5p 2p° |(17031.3P) 3848.2 (6) (1599.6P) (860.5P)
(17038.7P) 3850.4 (1600.7P)
Hee 3d2p - 4¢ 2° | 18459.7P 4481.1 (4) 1935.8 1066.6
4481.3
.|3a2p - 5f2F° | 12679.0 (21) 3104.7 (6) 1352.9 749.7
3104.8
K we] 4p 2B? = 4d 2D | 23378.4P 7896.4 (8) 4529.2 (3) 3165.7
23347.5P 7877.1 4512.5 3149.6
4528.9
Leese 4p 2p? - 5a2p |(14779.5P) ...... 4390.6 (10) 2213.6 ease 1365.0
(14767.1P) 4384.6 2209.7 1369.1
M........)48 28 - 4p 2p | 22056 Pu... (9217.3P) (1) 5696.5 (2) 4088.9 (1)
22084 DP (9243.4) 5722.6 4116.1

ll


APPENDIX A: PARTIAL GROTRIAN DIAGRAMS

crn Mort
Key
Mult. desig. Mult. desig.

letter | “Mult. no. a Mult. no. x
a 4p - 2 4p° 3408.8 | b4D - 2 4P° 4250.7
4s 4p 3422.7 | 5s 5p 4363.6
(3) 3433.3 (3) 4433.5
3382.7 4209.6
3403.3 4279.0
3421.2 4377.8
B....] aD - z §D° 3368.0 | b 4D - z SD° 3961.5
4s 4p 3358.5 | 5s 5p 3986.2
(4) 3347.8 (4) 3953.0
C....] a 4D - 2 4F° 3132.1 b 4D - z 4F° 3635.1
4s 4p 3124.9 | 5s 5p 3688.3
(5) 3120.4 (5) 3692.6
3118.6 3702.6
D....| a 4D - 2 4p° 2876.0 | b 4D - 2 4p° 3292.3
4s 4p 2870.4 | 5s 5p 3320.9
(UV 11) 2867.1 (6) 3329.2
2865.3 3347.3

3d4(a5D)4s = 4s
3a4(a5D)4p - 4p

4a4(a5D)bs = 5s
4at(a5d)5p = Sp

53


APPENDIX A: PARTIAL GROTRIAN DIAGRAMS

MnI Tcl# Rel*
Key + 4, "
Mult. desig. Mult. desig. Mult. desig.
letter | “Mult. no. x Mult. no. x Mult. no. r
A....| a 6s - 2 6p° 4030.8] a 6s - z 6p? 4297.1] a 8s - z Spo 3460.5
452 4p 4033.1 | 582 5p 4262.3 | 6s? 6p 3464.7
(2) 4034.5 4238.2 3451.9
B....] a 8p - z Spe 4041.4] a ®p - z Sp° 40316 | a Sp - z Sp° 4136.4
4s" 4p’ 4055.5 | 5s’” 5p’ = 4095.7 | 6s” 6p’ 4923.9
(6) 4063.5 4124.2 5667.9
4018.1 3985.0 4391.3
4035.7 4049.1 (5209.1P)
4048.8 4088.7 5943.2
4079.2 4145.0 4605.7
4083.6 4172.5 9331.9
4082.9 4176.3 5852.8
a 8p - z SF° 3806.7 a 6p - z 6F° 3636.1
4s" 4p" 3823.5 os’’ Sp’ 3718.9
(6) 3834.4 3746.9
3841.1 3768.8
3844.0 3779.4
D....| a &p - x 6p° 3577.9] a 6D - x Sp° 3466.3 | a Sp - x Sp° 3399.3
4s'" 4p’" 3586.5 5s” 5p’’ 3550.7 6s" 6p”’ 3689.5
(8) 3595.1 3595.7 3876.9
3d54s(a7s)4p = 4p 4d°5s(a7s)5p = 5p 5d56s(a7s)6p = 6p
3d8(a5p)4s = 45’ 4d8(a5p)5s = 5s"? 5d6(5p)6s_— = 6s"
3d8(a5D)4p = 4p’ 4d6(a5D)5p = 5p’” 5d8(5D)6p = 6p’?

# TcI analysis from:
W. F. Meggers, J. Res.
Nat. Bur. Std. 47, 7,
RP 2221, 1951.

*Rel analysis from:
W. F. Meggers, Bur. Std.
J. Res. 6, 1027, RP 322,
1931.
P. F. A. Klinkenberg,
Physica 13, 581, 1947.
R. Velasco, An. real. soc.
esp. ffs. y quim. 45, 215,
1949.

59


“APPENDIX A: PARTIAL GROTRIAN DIAGRAMS

KI Call
Key Multiplet
letter | designation r Mult. a Malt.
no. no.
4823 - 4p2p° | 7664.9 (1) 3933.7 (1)
7699.0 3968.5
. | 4s 2s - 34 2D 4642.4P 7291.5P  (1F)
4641.9P 7323.9P
C....]3d 7D - 4p 2p° |-11772.7 6) 8542.1 (2)
-11689.8 8662.1
-11769.4 8498.0
D....|48 2s - 5p2p° | 4044.1 (3) 1650.0 (UV 1)
4047.2 1652.0
Call srt Ball
Key | Mult. desig Mult. desig Mult. desig.
letter | “Mult. no. x Mult. no. x Mult. no. x
A.... [4828 - 4p2p° 3933.7 |5s 2s - 5p2p° 4077.7 [6s 28 - 6p 2P° 4554.0
(1) 3968.5 (1) 4215.5 a) 4934.1
B....]4828 - 3d2D ——-7291.5P|5s 28 - 442p —(6738.4P)|6s 2S - 5d 2D (17616.8P)
(1F) 7323.9P (1F) (6868.2P) (20511.9P)
3d2p-4p2p° 9542.1 |4a2p- 5p2p* 10327.3 | 5d2D-6p2P° 6141.7
2) 8662.1 ) 10914.9 @) 6496.9
8498.0 10036.7 5853.7
D.... [4s 2s - 5p2p° 1650.0 |5s 2s - 6p2P° 1784.0 |6s 2s -p2P° 1999.4
(UV 1) 1652.0 (UV1) 1793.1 2024.0

13


Foreword

The National Standard Reference Data System is a Government-wide
effort to provide for the technical community of the United States effective
access to the quantitative data of physical science, critically evaluated and
compiled for convenience, and readily accessible through a variety of dis-
tribution channels. The System was established in 1963 by action of the
President’s Office of Science and Technology and the Federal Council for
Science and Technology.

The responsibility to administer the System was assigned to the Na-
tional Bureau of Standards and an Office of Standard Reference Data was
set up at the Bureau for this purpose. Since 1963, this Office has developed
systematic plans for meéting high-priority needs for reliable reference
data. It has undertaken to coordinate and integrate existing data evaluation
and compilation activities (primarily those under sponsorship of Federal
agencies) into a comprehensive program, supplementing and expanding
technical coverage when necessary, establishing and maintaining standards
for the output of the participating groups, and providing mechanisms for
the dissemination of the output as required.

The System now comprises a complex of data centers and other activi-
ties, carried on in Government agencies, academic institutions, and non-
governmental laboratories. The independent operational status of existing
critical data projects is maintained and encouraged. Data centers that are
components of the NSRDS produce compilations of critically evaluated
data, critical reviews of the state of quantitative knowledge in specialized
areas, and computations of useful functions derived from standard refer-
ence data. In addition, the centers and projects establish criteria for evalua-
tion and compilation of data and make recommendations on needed modifi=
cations or extensions of experimental techniques.

Data publications of the NSRDS take a variety of physical forms, in-
cluding books, pamphlets, loose-leaf sheets and computer tapes. While most
of the compilations have been issued by the Government Printing Office,
several have appeared in scientific journals. Under some circumstances,
private publishing houses are regarded as appropriate primary dissemina-
tion mechanisms.

The technical scope of the NSRDS is indicated by the principal cate-
gories of data compilation projects now active or being planned: nuclear
properties, atomic and molecular properties, solid state properties, thermo-
dynamic and transport properties, chemical kinetics, colloid and surface
properties, and mechanical properties.

An important aspect of the NSRDS is the advice and planning assist-
ance which the National Research Council of the National Academy of
Sciences-National Academy of Engineering provides. These services are
organized under an overall Review Committee which considers the program
as a whole and makes recommendations on policy, long-term planning, and
international collaboration. Advisory Panels, each concerned with a single
technical area, meet regularly to examine major portions of the program,
assign relative priorities, and identify specific key problems in need of
further attention. For selected specific topics, the Advisory Panels sponsor


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22


Abstract

This publication is a reprint of Appendix A of the book by Paul W.
Merrill entitled, “Lines of the Chemical Elements in Astronomical Spectra”
(Carnegie Inst. Wash. Publ. 610, 1956). It contains partial Grotrian Dia-
grams of selected spectra of astrophysical interest, which give wavelengths,
multiplet numbers and key letters for the transitions shown. The diagrams
are accompanied by tabular keys in which the key letters indicate related
lines in spectra similar in structure ‘to those illustrated in the diagrams.
There are 39 diagrams of spectra between hydrogen and nickel and tabular
keys for 90 spectra between lithium and rhenium.

Key Words: Atomic spectra, partial Grotrian diagrams; Grotrian dia-
grams.

Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 68-60070


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39


PARTIAL GROTRIAN DIAGRAMS

APPENDIX A:

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B'Shee 6'8s67 T8989 (at'e286)
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‘ou x ‘ow x ‘ou x ‘ou x
WW OW wis ut uoneustsep 9HeT
&
AGN m0 UN 10 are =

25


PARTIAL GROTRIAN DIAGRAMS

APPENDIX A:

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d gzrge d6'es2st P69LIT 8" P61
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e'eecel de‘eezer S'pepeT (s) e1eeit (s) (s)
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S'8r68 () OLPCL (1) 0°669L, (1) 6's68S (1) 6°L0L9 (1)
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APPENDIX A: PARTIAL GROTRIAN DIAGRAMS

Til Zri
Key ,
Mult. desig. Mult. desig.
letter | “Mult. no. x Mult. no. x
A....| a 3p - 2 3r° 5210.4 | a 3p - w 3F° 3663.6
452 4p” 5193.0 | 582 SplV 3623.9
5173.7 (12) 3586.3
5064.7 | a 3F - u 3p° 3029.5
5040.0 | 5s2 splV 3011.7
5014.2 (22) 2985.4
4681.9 | a 3F - x 3G° 3601.2
4667.6 | 5s2 SpIV 3547.7
4656.5 (13) 3519.6
3998.6 | a 3p - z 3F° 6127.5
3989.8 | 5s2 5p 6143.2
3981.8 2) 6134.6
3958.2 | a 8F - z 3p° 5879.8
3956.3 | 5s2 5p 5797.8
3948.7 (4) 5135.7
3752.9 a 3r - y 3¥° (4391.4P)
3741.1 | 5s2 5p’ 4347.2
3729.8 4236.6
4981.7 a 5F - y 5g° 4687.8
4991.1 | 5s" Sp’ 4TAC.1
4999.5 (43) 4739.5
5007.2 4772.3
5014.3 4815.6
4533.2 a 5p ~ y 5r° 4227.8
4s’ 4p’ 4534.8 5s’ op’ 4239.3
(42) 4535.6 (45) 4241.7
4535.9 4241.2
4536.1 4240.4
1...... a 5F - x 5p° 4305.9 | a 5r - x 5p° 4081.2
4s! 4p’ 4301.1 | 5s 5p’ 4072.7
(44) 4300.6 (46) 4064.2
4298.7 4055.0
4295.8 4044.6
3a245? = 4s? 402582 = Ss2
3d3(b4F)4s = 4s" 4d3(b4F)5s = 5s’
3024s(a"F Mp = 4p’” 4d25s(a2F)5p = 5plV
3d24s(a*F)4p = 4p 4d25s(a4F)5p = 5p
3d°(b4F)4p = 4p’ 4q3(b4F)5p = 5p’

47


PARTIAL GROTRIAN DIAGRAMS

APPENDIX A:

dg = dg(a,®) gPy
8g = 86(458)gPr

dy = dy(a5e) bg
Sh = 8h(4,2) Pe

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