Author: Curt Hull (after IPCC) Page 1 of 4 Printed: 2009-08-07

GWP AR4.doc Property of Manitoba Eco Network 

# GHG Lifetimes and GWPs

For ozone-depleting substances and their replacemen ts

Summary 

### The tables below show the lifetimes and direct (exc ept for CH 4 

### ) 100-year global warming potentials (GWP) relative to CO 2 

### for ozone-depleting substances and their replaceme nts. These tables are from the Intergovernmental Panel on Clim ate Change (IPCC), Fourth Assessment Report (AR4), Working Group 1, Chapter 2, Changes in Atmospheric Constituents and in Radiative Forcing , Table 2.14, page 212, http://www.ipcc.ch/publications_and_data/publicatio ns_ipcc_fourth_assessment_report_wg1_report_the_phy sical_science_basis.htm 

# Tables

Note 

### : The values for global warming potential in the AR4 WG1 Technical

Summary reflect radiative forcing estimates and lif etimes that are improvements upon the values used in the IPCC Second Assessment Report (SAR) but which are still widely cited. 

## Key greenhouse gases (GHG)

Designation or Name Chemical formula Lifetime (years) 100 yr

GWP (SAR) 100 yr

GWP (AR4) Carbon dioxide CO 2 Note 1 1 1 Methane CH 4 12 2 21 25 Nitrous oxide N 2 O 114 310 298 

## Substances controlled by the Montreal Protocol

Designation or Name Chemical formula Lifetime (years) 100 yr

GWP (SAR) 100 yr

GWP (AR4) CFC-11 CCl 3 F 45 3,800 4,750 CFC-12 CCl 2 F 2 100 8,100 10,900 CFC-13 CClF 3 640 10,800 16,400 CFC-113 CCl 2 FCClF 2 85 4,800 6,130 CFC-114 CClF 2 CClF 2 300 8,040 8,730 CFC-115 CClF 2 CF 3 1,700 5,310 9,990

1 The CO 2response function used in this report is based on the revised version of the Bern Carbon Cycle Model using a background CO 2concentration value of 378 ppm. (See CO2 residence time graphs following)

2The perturbation lifetime for methane is 12 years as in the IPCC Third Assessment Report (TAR). The GWP for methane includes indirect effect s from enhancements of ozone and stratospheric water vapour.Author: Curt Hull (after IPCC) Page 2 of 4 Printed: 2009-08-07

GWP AR4.doc Property of Manitoba Eco Network

Designation or Name Chemical formula Lifetime (years) 100 yr

GWP (SAR) 100 yr

GWP (AR4) Halon-1301 CBrF 3 65 5,400 7,140 Halon-1211 CBrClF 2 16 4,750 575 Halon-2402 CBrF 2 CBrF 2 20 3,680 503 Carbon tetrachloride CCl 4 26 1,400 1,400 Methyl bromide CH 3 Br 0.7 17 1 Methyl chloroform CH 3 CCl 3 5 506 45 HCFC-22 CHClF 2 12 1,500 1,810 HCFC-123 CHCl 2 CF 3 1.3 90 77 HCFC-124 CHClFCF 3 5.8 470 609 HCFC-141b CH 3 CCl 2 F 9.3 2,250 220 HCFC-142b CH 3 CClF 2 17.9 1,800 2,310 HCFC-225ca CHCl 2 CF 2 CF 3 1.9 429 37 HCFC-225cb CHClFCF 2 CClF 2 5.8 2,030 181 

## Hydrofluorocarbons

Designation or Name Chemical formula Lifetime (years) 100 yr

GWP (SAR) 100 yr

GWP (AR4) HFC-23 CHF 3 270 11,700 14,800 HFC-32 CH 2 F 2 4.9 650 675 HFC-125 CHF 2 CF 3 29 2,800 3,500 HFC-134a CH 2 FCF 3 14 1,300 1,430 HFC-143a CH 3 CF 3 52 3,800 4,470 HFC-152a CH 3 CHF 2 1.4 140 124 HFC-227ea CF 3 CHFCF 3 34.2 2,900 3,220 HFC-236fa CF 3 CH 2 CF 3 240 6,300 9,810 HFC-245fa CHF 2 CH 2 CF 3 7.6 3,380 314 HFC-365mfc CH 3 CF 2 CH 2 CF 3 8.6 2,520 241 HFC-43-10mee CF 3 CHFCHFCF 2 C F 3 15.9 1,300 1,640



## Perfluorinated compounds

Designation or Name Chemical formula Lifetime (years) 100 yr

GWP (SAR) 100 yr

GWP (AR4) Sulphur hexafluoride SF 6 3,200 23,900 22,800 Nitrogen trifluoride NF 3 740 12,300 20,700 PFC-14 CF 4 50,000 6,500 7,390 PFC-116 C2F 6 10,000 9,200 12,200 PFC-218 C 3 F 8 2,600 7,000 8,830Author: Curt Hull (after IPCC) Page 3 of 4 Printed: 2009-08-07

GWP AR4.doc Property of Manitoba Eco Network

Designation or Name Chemical formula Lifetime (years) 100 yr

GWP (SAR) 100 yr

GWP (AR4) PFC-318 c-C 4 F 8 3,200 8,700 10,300 PFC-3-1-10 C 4 F 10 2,600 7,000 8,860 PFC-4-1-12 C 5 F12 4,100 6,510 13,300 PFC-5-1-14 C 6 F1 4 3,200 7,400 9,300 PFC-9-1-18 C 10 F1 8 >1,000d >5,500 >9,500 trifluoromethyl sulphur pentafluoride SF 5 CF 3 800 13,200 21,200



## Fluorinated ethers

Designation or Name Chemical formula Lifetime (years) 100 yr

GWP (SAR) 100 yr

GWP (AR4) HFE-125 CHF 2 OCF 3 136 13,800 8,490 HFE-134 CHF 2 OCHF 2 26 12,200 1,960 HFE-143a CH 3 OCF 3 4.3 2,630 230 HCFE-235da2 CHF 2 OCHClCF 3 2.6 1,230 106 HFE-245cb2 CH 3 OCF 2 CHF 2 5.1 2,440 215 HFE-245fa2 CHF 2 OCH 2 CF 3 4.9 2,280 200 HFE-254cb2 CH 3 OCF 2 CHF 2 2.6 1,260 109 HFE-347mcc3 CH 3 OCF 2 CF 2 CF 3 5.2 1,980 175 HFE-347pcf2 CHF 2 CF 2 OCH 2 CF 3 7.1 1,900 175 HFE-356pcc3 CH 3 OCF 2 CF 2 CHF 2 0.33 386 33 HFE-449sl C 4 F9OCH 3 3.8 1,040 90 HFE-569sf2 C 4 F9OC 2 H 5 0.77 207 18 HFE-43-10pccc124 CHF 2 OCF 2 OC 2 F 4 OCHF 2 6.3 6,320 569 HFE-236ca12 CHF 2 OCF 2 OCHF 2 12.1 8,000 860 HFE-338pcc13 CHF 2 OCF 2 CF 2 OCHF 2 6.2 5,100 460 

## Perfluoropolyethers

Designation or Name Chemical formula Lifetime (years) 100 yr

GWP (SAR) 100 yr

GWP (AR4) PFPMIE CF 3 OCF(CF 3 )CF 2 OCF 2

OCF 3 800 7,620 12,400



## Hydrocarbons and other compounds - Direct Effects

Designation or Name Chemical formula Lifetime (years) 100 yr

GWP (SAR) 100 yr

GWP (AR4) Dimethylether CH 3 OCH 3 0.015 1 <<1 Methylene chloride CH 2 Cl 2 0.38 31 2.7Author: Curt Hull (after IPCC) Page 4 of 4 Printed: 2009-08-07

GWP AR4.doc Property of Manitoba Eco Network Designation or Name Chemical formula Lifetime (years) 100 yr

GWP (SAR) 100 yr

GWP (AR4) Methyl chloride CH 3 Cl 1.0 45 4



# CO 2 

# residence time graphs

The figure below shows the degree to which carbon d ioxide (CO 2 

### ) emissions persist in the atmosphere over time. The lifetime of a gas in the atmosphere is generally known as its "residence time", but unlike other greenhouse g ases, carbon dioxide does not undergo a simple decline over a single predictable timescal e. Instead, the excess carbon is first diluted by the carbon cycle as it mixes into the oc eans and biosphere (e.g. plants) over a period of a few hundred years, and then it is slowl y removed over hundreds of thousands of years as it is gradually incorporated into carbo nate rocks. 3

3 Global Warming Art, image created by Robert A. Roh de, http://www.globalwarmingart.com/wiki/Image:Carbon_D ioxide_Residence_Time_png