1

1 United States Department of Commerce

I \l1^31 National Institute of Standards and Technology

NISTIR 3976

DROPLET TRANSFER MODES FOR

A MIL 100S-1 GMAW ELECTRODE

P. R. Heald

R. B. Madigan

T. A. Siewert

S. Liu

Set

NISTIR 3976

DROPLET TRANSFER MODES FOR

A MIL 100S-1 GMAW ELECTRODE

Materials Reliability Division

Materials Science and Engineering Laboratory

National Institute of Standards and Technology

Boulder, Colorado 80303-3328

•Phillips 66 Company, Borger, Texas 79008-0271

•‘Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401

Supported, in part, by

Programmable Automated Welding System Program

U.S. Navy - David Taylor Research Center

Annapolis, Maryland 21402

October 1991

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE, Robert A. Mosbacher, Secretary

NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS AND TECHNOLOGY, John W. Lyons, Director

P. R. Heald*

R. B. Madigan

T. A. Siewert

S. Liu**
' ; *1

•

'

, . * 1 M^W-V--' '-lO''' ,-i

Vii^tapsB ,iaf1oB'daoM

.
CONTENTS

ABSTRACT 1

I. INTRODUCTION 1 A. Gas Metal Arc Welding 1 B. Metal Transfer Modes 2

C. Spray Transfer Subclassifications 5

D. Contact-Tube-to-Work Distance 6

E. Importance of Work 6

II . EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE 7

A- Equipment Description 7

B. Method of Data Collection 9

m . RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 9 w A. Mean Current and Wire Feed Rate 9

B. Current Standard Deviation 16

IV. CONCLUSIONS 21

V. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 22

VI . REFERENCES 22

APPENDIX A: ASYST PROGRAM LISTING 23

APPENDIX B: WELDING DATA 38
CONTENTS

ABSTRACT 1

I . INTRODUCTION 1 A Gas Metal Arc Welding . 1 B. Metal Transfer Modes 2

C. Spray Transfer Subclassifications 5

D. Contact-Tube-to-Work Distance 6

E. Importance of Work 6

II . EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE 7

A Equipment Description 7

B. Method of Data Collection 9

m . RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 9

A Mean Current and Wire Feed Rate 9

B. Current Standard Deviation 16

IV. CONCLUSIONS 21

V . ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 22

VI . REFERENCES 22

APPENDIX A ASYST PROGRAM LISTING 23

APPENDIX B: WELDING DATA 38
ABSTRACT

Welds were made with a 1.2-mm-diameter MIL lOOS-1 electrode using Ar-2% O2 shielding

gas to investigate the effects of contact-tube-to-work distance (13, 19, and 25 mm) on metal transfer.

The transfer modes were identified by the sound of the arc, images from a laser back-lit high-speed

video system, and digital records of the voltage and current fluctuations. The spray transfer region

was mapped on a current-voltage plot, with a range that included the boundaries of adjacent transfer

modes. The metal transfer mode boundaries shifted with an increase in contact-tube-to-work

distance. Increasing the contact-tube-to-work distance from 13 mm to 19 mm required a 15 mm/s

increase in the wire feed rate for the globular-to-drop-spray transition.

Key Words: contact-tip-to-work distance (CTWD); contact tip wear; gas metal arc welding; metal

transfer modes; MIL lOOS-1 electrode; spray transfer.

I. INTRODUCTION

A. Gas Metal Arc Welding

Gas metal arc (GMA) welding is a process in which a consumable electrode is continuously

fed into the arc. GMA welding uses the electrical arc as the heat source for melting both the base

metal and the filler metal added to the weld [1,2]. An inert or slightly reactive shielding gas is used

to protect the molten metal from the atmosphere. The shielding gas must have sufficient flow to

displace the atmosphere from the arc as well as the weld pool until solidification occurs and the metal

cools to a temperature where it does not react with the high oxygen and nitrogen levels in the

atmosphere. The shielding gas also ionizes to fonn s high-temperature plasma which carries the

current A mixture of argon with slight additions of oxygen or carbon dioxide is generally used for

low alloy steels. Typical additions to the inert gas are one to five volume percent oxygen or three

to twenty-five volume percent carbon dioxide [3j.

Most gas metal arc welding is performed with a constant voltage power source, which causes

the arc length to be self regulating [3]. If some perturbation causes the arc length to increase, the

1
following steps bring the arc length into equilibrium: the circuit resistance increases; the arc current

decreases; the resulting lower current melts the electrode slower than the electrode feed rate and the

arc length decreases to the stable length. If some perturbation causes the arc length to decrease, the

circuit resistance decreases and the system returns to a balance through the opposite sequence.

B. Metal Transfer Modes

Within the arc, the molten metal from the electrode has been observed to transfer across the

arc in three distinct modes: short circuit, globular, and spray [4].

Short circuit transfer is accompanied by a cyclic extinction and reestablishment of the arc. The arc is extinguished when the electrode contacts the workpiece (short circuit), resulting in a high

current flow with a low voltage. During the short circuit period, ohmic heating of the electrode

occurs and continues until a length of the electrode melts. This liquid electrode column is unstable;

when it separates, the arc is reestablished. This cyclic extinction of the arc may lead to severe spatter

and is accompanied by a staccato sound [3]. Figure 1 is a schematic representation of short circuit

metal transfer, while Figure 2 shows a typical time record of the welding current for short circuit

2
50 150 250 350 450

Time (ms)

Rgure 2. Typical cxirrent record for short circuit transfer.

metal transfer. Short circuit transfer mode welding is used primarily for out-of-position (nonhorizontal) welding because the low power input to the base metal results in a smaller weld pool [5].

Globular metal transfer is characterized by a round globular drop of molten metal (defined

as droplet diameters greater than the diameter of the electrode) forming at the electrode tip [3].

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the electrode tip for globular transfer. When the droplet has

attained a sufGcient size for gravity and the electromagnetic pinch force to overcome the surface

tension, the droplet detaches and is transferred across the arc to the weld pool [3].

The higher power input of globular over short circuit transfer, and to a lesser extent the

combination of pinch force, gravity, and shielding gas flow, cause globular transfer to produce a weld

bead shape with a deeper penetration than short circuit transfer [3]. Although globular transfer is

a steadier method of metal transfer than short circuit, it is rarely used for production welding because

the weld pool is broad and the droplets may not be projected toward the pool.

3
Electrode

Droplets^;-.,.^^^^

Base Plate

Figure 3. Schematic diagram of the electrode tip for globular transfer.

Drop Streaming

Spray Spray

Rotating

Spray

Figure 4. Schematic diagram of the electrode tip for spray transfer.
Spray transfer is characterized by smaller droplets than those observed in globular transfer.

The droplet diameter is approximately that of the electrode or smaller [3]. Figure 4 is a schematic

of the electrode tip during spray transfer. Droplet transfer for spray transfer is much the same as the

globular transfer with the distinction between them based upon the size and, therefore, frequency of

the droplets transferred.

Figure 4 shows that spray transfer is characterized by a conical electrode tip, caused by the

higher current density and the larger pinch (Lorentz) force [4]. The droplets projected from the

small diameter tip, are much smaller than the electrode diameter. Additionally, the initial droplet

acceleration for globular transfer is approximately that due to gravity, while for spray transfer, the

Lorentz force contribution is much stronger, accelerating the droplets toward the weld pool [6].

Spray metal transfer has a high deposition rate but is not suitable for out-of-position welding

because of the large weld pool.

C. Spray Transfer Subclassifications

The spray transfer region can be further divided into three subclassifications: projected (drop)

spray, streaming spray, and rotating spray [3]. Drop spray transfer is similar to globular transfer in

that both have roughly spherical droplets of molten metal. Upon a further increase in wire feed rate

and voltage, individual droplets become less distinct, and an almost continuous column of molten

metal extends from the electrode to the base plate. This is named streaming-spray metal transfer.

In rotating spray transfer, the electromagnetic forces have become so large that the metal in the arc column experiences forces which have large nonaxial components [6,7]. These nonaxial components

cause the molten column to have an initial velocity which is at an angle to the electrode axis. The

liquid metal follows a helical course from the electrode to the base plate.

D. Contact-Tube-to-Work Distance

The contact-tube-to-work distance (CTWD) affects the metal transfer mode by

altering the amount of ohmic heating occurring in the electrode. The CTWD is composed of the

electrode extension (distance from the contact tube to the arc) and the arc length. As the CTWD

5
is increased (with a constant voltage power source), the arc length shortens, causing the electrode

extension to increase in accommodation. This increase in the electrode extension results in increased

ohmic heating of the electrode between the contact tube and the arc.

E. Importance of Work

To offset the projected shortage of skilled welders as well as to remove humans from the

uncomfortable environment near an arc, intelligent welding systems should be developed. These

systems would duplicate much of the human welders’ expertise and allow better overall weld quality.

The correlation of electrical signals to physical arc characteristics (through-the-arc sensing)

would permit the development of an intelligent control system for welding. A through-the-arc sensing

strategy does not intrude into the arc region and eliminates sensor-workpiece interference and sensor

blinding. Electrical perturbations related to metal droplet transfer could be monitored and, based

on those fluctuations, the controller could alter the power source output to produce a high quality

weld. This system would supply the expertise of a welder which is necessary for real-time quality

control.

The intelligent control system would also allow higher quality welds to be produced as well

as increased productivity. It would allow a single operator to monitor multiple machines from a remote position.

II. EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE

This study examined in detail the spray transfer mode. The boundaries of the spray transfer

mode for the different combinations of welding power source, welding gun, and electrode were

established in terms of voltage and current values. The level of spatter, the audible sound of the arc,

as well as a through-the-arc laser imaging system and actual visual inspection of the arc, were used

to define the boundaries. A correlation of the electrical signals of the welding arc with the physical

arc characteristics was sought.

6
Once the boundaries of the spray transfer mode were established, an investigation of the

locations of the transfer mode boundaries (subclassifications) within the spray mode was conducted.

To establish the boundaries of the spray transfer region, an experimental matrix covering the voltage

range of 24 V to 40 V and current range from 175 A to 500 A was explored. The wire feed rates

varied from 84 mm/s to 335 mm/s (3.3 in/s to 13.2 in/s).

Other variables, such as electrode composition (MIL lOOS-1); shielding gas composition and

flow rate (Ar-2% O2, 0.3 L/min, respectively); and CTWD were maintained constant. Base plate

thickness and travel speed of the automatic carriage as well as weld orientation were also held

constant throughout each of the three CTWD portions of the investigation.

A. Equipment Description

A commercial constant potential DC arc welding power source supplied the current and

voltage for the welding process. However, the power output was then regulated, filtered, and

monitored by a 600 A transistorized DC welding current regulator. A manual GMA welding gun was

held stationary while the plate was moved underneath, permitting a through-the-arc laser imaging

system to view the tip of the electrode during welding.

A schematic diagram of the through-the-arc imaging system is presented in Figure 5. The

through-the-arc imaging system consisted of a 20 mW helium-neon laser; a high speed (up to 1000

frames/s) video camera with an 90 mm, f = 3.5 lens; a mirror; two focusing lenses; a narrow band pass

laser filter; and a frosted glass projection screen. A video cassette recorder/player and video monitor

permitted recording and viewing of the video images. The mirror was utilized to protect the laser

lens from the weld spatter. The first lens allowed the incident laser light to be focused to the size

of the welding arc and electrode tip for an image of the entire region of interest The narrow band

pass filter after the welding arc transmitted only the monochromatic laser illumination, eliminating

most of the light generated by the arc. The final lens focused the laser light for projection on the

frosted glass screen. The frosted glass screen made the alignment of the video system less cntical

The video system recorded the actual welding process in real time at high speed, and replayed it at

the 30 Hz rate of conventional video, or at lower frame rates down to stop action.

7
Figure 5. Schematic diagram of laser imaging system.

B. Method of Data Collection

A computer was equipped with an analog-to-digital (A/D) conversion board to sample the

current and voltage values during welding. The actual current and voltage data were collected with

a program (Appendix A) written with a high level programming language. The software allowed

different sampling rates as deGned by the user. For this study, a sampling rate of 500 Hz was selected

to obtain average values of voltage and current at the different transfer modes. The actual currents

and voltages (Appendix B) were correlated with a visual video image of the welding process, particularly the tip of the electrode as the metal transfer was taking place.

III. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

A. Mean Current and Wire Feed Rate

Although these data are speciGc (strictly speaking) to the power source, the welding head,

and the electrode, the major inOuence on the transfer mode is the electrode and shielding gas

8
compositions. Therefore, these data provide useful maps of the operating range for the electrode,

for any transfer mode. Figure 6 is a map of the mean current and voltage combinations and the

associated metal transfer mode, for a CTWD of 13 mm (1/2 in). The * symbols represent those

welding conditions that resulted in drop spray metal transfer; indicates streaming spray transfer;

and X indicates short circuit metal transfer. For the 13-mm CTWD, no globular or rotating spray

transfer was observed. Both of these modes are associated with a longer CTWD, so their absence

is not surprising with this short CTWD. The absence of rotating spray transfer at high currents

encouraged us to examine this effect closely, since the spatter and wide bead associated with rotating

spray often impose an upper limit to deposition rate.

Figure 7 is a map of current and voltage values for a CTWD of 19 mm (3/4 in). The symbols

are the same as those used in Figure 6; in addition, + represents globular metal transfer and a

represents rotating spray transfer. Here, all of the transfer modes are present

MEAN CURRENT (A)

Figure 6. 13-mm contact-tube-to-work-distance: mean current versus voltage.

9
MEAN

VOLTAGE

(V)

MEAN

VOLTAGE

(V)

40

36-

28-

IIM

Cl -Q-~

m !! Q

4i

32

Sot

Q- 3 5—Q— ^ S- 9>«

C]0 LiUU

Jl^

X

X X

XX—XI ^

>[_ X

XX

24 I I I I r I > I 1 ~i— t I I—1—I » » T I I I I I > I I I > I I I I i "~r 175 225 275 325 375 425 475 525

MEAN CURRENT (A)

Figure 7. 19-mm contact-tube-to-work-distance: mean current versus voltage.

40

36

32

28

24

175 225 275 325 375 425 475 525

MEAN CURRENT (A)

Figure 8. 25-mm contact-tube-to-work-distance: mean current versus voltage.

10
Figure 8 illustrates the various metal transfer modes and the associated current and voltage

values for a CTWD of 25 mm (1 in). The symbols represent the same metal transfer modes as in

Figure 7.

While current is often incorrectly considered to be an independent variable in GMAW, it is

wire feed rate that is the truly independent variable. The wire feed rate depends only on the wire

feeder control setting since the power for the wire feeder is separate from the power supplied for

the welding process. The wire feed rate versus mean voltage plots for the three CTWDs are

presented in Figures 9 (13 mm), 10 (19 mm), and 11 (25 mm). The symbols used to distinguish the

transfer modes in Figures 9 through 11 are identical to those of Figures 6 to 8: X indicates short

circuit; +, globular; *, drop spray; , streaming spray; and a, rotating spray.

Figures 9 to 11 show the effect of CTWD more clearly. For example, an increase in the

CTWD from 13 mm (1/2 in) to 19 mm (3/4 in) caused the globular to drop spray transition to shift

from a wire feed rate of 105 mm/s to 120 mm/s at a constant voltage of 29.5 V. With a further increase of CTWD to 25 mm (1 in) the same transition shifted to 130 mm/s.

WIRE FEED RATE (mm/s)

Figure 9. 13-mm contact-tube-to-work -distance: wire feed rate versus voltage.

11
MEAN

VOLTAGE

(V)

a

MEAN

VOLTAGE

(V)

WIRE FEED RATE (mm/s)

10. 19-mm contact-tube-to-work-distance: wire feed rate versus voltage.

WIRE FEED RATE (mm/s)

Figure 11. 25-mm Contact-tube-to-work-distance: wire feed rate versus voltage.

12
The shifts in the different transfer mode boundaries as a result of the CTWD changes are summarized in Figures 12 and 13. Figure 12 shows the shift of the drop spray transfer region as a

result of increasing the CTWD from 13 mm to 19 mm to 25 mm. The symbol X indicates the

location of the drop spray region with a 13 mm CTWD, + indicates the region for a CTWD of

19 mm, and * indicates the 25 mm CTWD. The shift was more noticeable with the CTWD change

from 13 mm to 19 mm than with a CTWD change from 19 mm to 25 mm. Figure 13 illustrates the

locations of the streaming spray metal transfer mode for the three different CTWDs, the symbol X

represents 13 mm, + 19 mm, and * 25 mm.

WIRE FEED RATE (mm/s)

Figure 12. Shift in drop spray transfer due to contact-tube-to-work distance changes.

13
100 150 200 250

I r I I I I I I I 300 350

WIRE FEED RATE (mm/s)

Figure 13. Shift in streaming spray transfer due to CTWD changes.

These figures illustrate the fact that the CTWD has a powerful effect on the location (current

and voltage values) of the transition to drop spray or streaming spray metal transfer modes. In both

figures, the beginning of the transfer mode (in both wire feed rate and voltage) increases as CTWD

increases.

As the CTWD increases for a given voltage, more of the electrode extends beyond the contact

tube, and the length of electrode that is canyinf the current increases (the current enters the

electrode at the contact tube and continues to the arc). Because the electrode has inherent

resistance (which increases with length and temperature), both the resistance of the electrode and

the total resistance of the circuit increase. This larger resistance causes more ohmic heating in the

electrode [8], which preheats the electrode and locreaics the melting rate. However, the increased

resistance reduces the current in the circuit and tha power loss dominates the ohmic heating of the

electrode. Regaining the former power requires an increase in current (wire feed rate) and/or

14
voltage. Thus, the transfer mode regions tend to shift to higher wire feed rate (current) and/or

voltage with an increase in CTWD.

The power dissipated by a resistance is the product of the voltage across and the current

through the resistance [4].

P = V • I. (1)

Increasing the voltage increases the power, and allows the arc length to remain constant even though

the CTWD increases. At a wire feed rate of 120 mm/s with a CTWD of 13 mm, the globular to drop

spray transition occurred at approximately 26 V, whereas with a 19 mm CTWD the same transition

occurred just under 29 V. A further increase of CTWD to 25 mm (1 in) resulted in the transition

at nearly 29.5 V.

Another example of the voltage increase necessary for the similar arc character, as a result

of the CTWD increase, occurs for the short circuit to streaming spray transfer mode transition. At

a constant wire feed rate of 170 mm/s, the transition occurred at 28.5 V, 29 V, and 29.5 V for 13 mm

(1/2 in), 19 mm (3/4 in), and 25 mm (1 in) CTWDs, respectively. A notable shift in transfer mode

also occurs at 270 mm/s and 31 V; the transfer mode is streaming for 13 mm CTWD, whereas for 19

and 25 mm CTWD, short circuit transfer is evident. The increase of CTWD from 13 mm to 19 mm

increases the power loss from ohmic heating. With less power available to melt the electrode, the

melting rate of the electrode must decrease. This decrease in power causes the melting rate to

become less than the wire feed rate, allowing short circuit transfer to occur.

With a gradual increase in CTWD for a given voltage, the arc length becomes progressively

shorter and eventually the arc extinguishes and short circuit transfer occurs. During the short circuit

portion of the cycle (high current), sufficient ohmic heating occurs to melt the wire and an arc is

reestablished, but insufficient power exists to maintain the arc.

At shorter CTWDs for a given voltage, streaming spray transfer remains the transfer mode

to higher electrode feed rates, permitting a greater deposition rate with a stable transfer of metal.

15
A longer CTWD is desirable for manual welding as it allows a better view of the weld area

and, therefore, the operator can react to the changing conditions of the welding process.

Development of a control system for mechanized welding, which could react very quickly to changing

conditions, would permit use of a shorter CTWD and, therefore, a greater metal deposition rate.

B. Current Standard Deviation

Figures 14, 15, and 16 are the welding current standard deviation isopleth plots for

the three CTWDs, 13 mm, 19 mm, and 25 mm. Figure 14 is the same plot as Figure 9 with the

addition of the current standard deviation isopleths for the 13 mm CTWD. The symbol * indicates

drop spray metal transfer, indicates streaming spray transfer, and X indicates short circuit metal

transfer, the same symbols as used previously. Likewise, Fgures 15 and 16 are Figures 10 and 11,

enhanced with the current standard deviation isopleths.

WIRE FEED RATE (mm/s)

Figure 14. 13-mm current standard deviation isopleth plot

16
MEAN

VOLTAGE

(V)

MEAN

VOLTAGE

(V)

WIRE FEED RATE (mm/s)

Figure 15. 19-mm current standard deviation isopleth plot.

50 . 10A

4(

32 -. 40A

- 30i

28 -

20A 20A

24 1 1 1 1

1 1 1 1 1

1

1'T 100 150

-IR -r

h

k

s

5

X

- -2.&A

200 250 300

WIRE FEED RATE (mm/s)

20A

I • I I I 350

Figure 16. 25-mm current standard deviation isopleth plot

17
These plots show that the highest current standard deviation occurs for the least stable

transfer mode, short circuit. Globular transfer has a somewhat smaller current standard deviation.

The three spray modes (drop, streaming, and rotating) all have similar magnitudes for the current

standard deviation, which are the smallest values of all five transfer modes.

The source of the standard deviation in current can be found by examining a histogram for

each transfer mode: short circuiting (Figure 17), globular (Figure 18), and spray (Figure 19). The

short circuit transfer mode, which has the largest current standard deviation, is characterized in Figure

17 by a very wide range in current. In the weld current histogram, the highest currents occur during

the actual short circuit, a broad peak centered near 290 A occur during the stable arc period, and the

lowest currents occur during transitions between the two. The transfer fluctuates over this range

giving an arithmetic average current which is substantially less than the maximum. In the lower

voltage portion of the short circuit transfer mode region, the histogram has two peaks, one for stable

arcing and one for the short circuit.

50 ISO 250 350 450

Welding Current (A)

Figure 17. Typical histogram for current in short circuit transfer.

18
Number

of

Samples

Number

of

Samples

50 150 250 350

Welding Current (A)

450

Figure 18. Typical histogram for current in globular transfer.

Figure 19. Typical histogram for current in spray transfer.

19
Globular transfer is also characterized by two distinct current ranges, closer together than for

short-circuiting transfer. The two currents in Figure 18 are characteristic of globule growth and the

period immediately after globule detachment. The high current peak occurs as the globule is growing,

the arc length is small and the voltage drop across the arc is low. Immediately after the globule

detaches, the arc length becomes longer, causing a higher voltage and a lower current. The current

standard deviation for the globular transfer is smaller than that of the short circuit transfer, as shown

in Figures 12, 13, and 14.

Spray transfer is evidenced by a narrow current histogram, with the two peaks becoming

essentially one, as in Figure 19. The variation in current and voltage have become less upon

achieving spray transfer. The current range over which the arc varies has become quite small, on the

order of 25 A.

The standard deviation of the current record is a convenient measure of the transfer mode.

Welds with a current standard deviation greater than 20 A (with wire feed rates greater than 200

mm/s) exhibit short circuit metal transfer. Those with current standard deviations less than 10 A

exhibit spray transfer. The change from a standard deviation of 20 A to 10 A signals the transition

from short circuit to spray.

The globular to drop spray transition is also characterized by a reduction in the current

standard deviation from 20 A to 10 A. Welds with a current standard deviation less than 10 A exhibit

spray metal transfer characteristics and those welds with current standard deviations greater than 20

A exhibit globular transfer. Although the standard deviation of current by itself cannot distinguish

globular from short-circuiting transfer, the standard deviation can be used to signal a deviation from

the spray transfer mode.

IV. CONCLUSIONS

1. Voltage/current or voltage/electrode feed rate maps are appropriate for reporting the

response of MIL lOOS-1 electrode to GMAW.

20
2. The standard deviation of the current is a robust indication of metal transfer mode for a MIL

lOOS-1 electrode. The highest standard deviation is indicative of short circuit transfer;

moderate standard deviation, of globular transfer; and the lowest standard deviation, of spray

transfer.

3. Spray metal transfer produces a current standard deviation of less than 10 A with the

transitions to other modes indicated by the current standard deviation increasing into the

range of 10 to 20 A.

4. Increasing the CTWD decreases the mean current at a constant wire feed rate and voltage.

5. Current histograms can be coupled with average current and standard deviation data to

monitor transfer mode.

V. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

Financial and technical support from the U.S. Navy Programmable Automated Welding

System (PAWS) program, Charles Null, NAVSEA 5142, Program Manager and R.A. Morris, David

Taylor Research Center, Technical Manager is acknowledged.

VI. REFERENCES

[1] Lancaster, J.F., ed., The Physics of Weldiny. First Edition. "Chapter 6, The Electric Arc in

Welding," International Institute of Welding ( IIW), Pergamon Press, 1984.

[2] Choo, R.T.C., J. Szekely and R.C. Westhod Modeling of High-Current Arcs with Emphasis

on Free Surface Phenomena in the Weld Pool, Welding Journal. September, 1990, pp 346(s)-

360(s).

[3] American Welding Society (AWS), 1979. Recommended Practices for Gas Metal Arc

Welding. AWS C5.6-79, American Welding Society. 1979.

[4]

Lyttle, K.A., Reliable GMAW Means Undersunding Wire Quality, Equipment and Process

Variables, Welding Journal. March, 198Z pp 43-48.
[5] Panibratsev, B.IC, A.P. Ladyzhanskii and LA. Zubov, Modelling the Process of Droplet

Formation and Transfer in Various Spatial Positions, Svar. Proiz. Number 6, 1983, pp 37-38.

[6] Lancaster, J.F., ed., The Physics of Welding. First Edition. "Chapter 7, Metal Transfer and

Mass Flow in the Weld Pool," International Institute of Welding (IIW), Pergamon Press,

1984.

[7] Lesnewich, A., Control of Melting Rate and Metal Transfer, Part II - Control of Metal

Transfer, Welding Journal. Volume 37, August, 1958, pp 418-s--425-s.

[8] Lesnewich, A., Control of Melting Rate and Metal Transfer, Part I- Control of Electrode

Melting Rate, Welding Journal. Volume 37, August, 1958, pp 343-s-353-s.

22
APPENDIX A

ASYST PROGRAM LISTING*

\

\ 3 Channel Acquisition and Analysis

\ with display

\

\ ASYST names appear in CAPITOL.LETTERS

\ user names appear in smalLletters

\ RBM 8/90

«««««««««««***«*«««««**««

15 STRING fname \ file name string

INTEGER SCALAR #samples/channel \ number of samples per channel to acquire

INTEGER SCALAR #.of.samples \ number of samples to be plotted, analyzed

REAL SCALAR sample.frequency \ sampling frequency per channel

INTEGER SCALAR #.of.channels \ number of channels to be sampled

\ total sample frequency

\ = sample.frequency * #.of.channels

INTEGER SCALAR a/d.resolution \ resolution of A/D converter

\ #samples/channel * #.of.channels < = 32768

4096 #samples/channel := \ define number of samples per channel

3 #.of.channels := \ define number of channels to sample

4096 a/d.resolution := \ define a/d resolution

REAL DIM[ 10 ] ARRAY file.info \ array to hold info to be written to disk

INTEGER DIM[ #samples/channel , #.of.channels ] ARRAY data.buffer

INTEGER SCALAR channel.no \ active channel number

REAL SCALAR gpr \ general purpose real

INTEGER SCALAR gpi \ general purpose integer

DIM[ 100 ] ARRAY display.buffer \ arrays for real-time data holding

REAL DIM[ 5000 ] ARRAY gpra \ and displaying

REAL DIM[ 1500 ] ARRAY c2.buf \ and displaying

REAL DIM[ 1500 ] ARRAY c3.buf \ and displaying

*ASYST is the trade name of the programming language; no endorsement or criticism is implied.

Other products may work as well or better.

23
0 0 24 18 WINDOW {live}

0 0 1 79 WINDOW gw

\ 0 0 10 79 WINDOW gw

\ window definition for live plots

\ window definition for static plots

\ plot debug window

RTI-800/815 \ initialize primitive acquisition hardware and software

0

0 A/D.TEMPLATE channel.0 \ a/d template

0 1 A/D.TEMPLATE channel.0

0 2 A/D.TEMPLATE channel.02

\ 0 3 A/D.TEMPLATE channel.01

0 4 A/D.TEMPLATE channel.04

1 1 A/D.TEMPLATE channel. 1 2 2 A/D.TEMPLATE channel.2

3 3 A/D.TEMPLATE channel.3

4 4 A/D.TEMPLATE channel.4

\ a/d template

\ a/d template

\ a/d template

\ a/d template

\ a/d template

\ a/d template

\ a/d template

\ a/d template

\

\ : set.defaults

\

\ sets default values for system parameters

\ note that several other parameters are assigned values above

\ coordinate parameter values between here and there

\

: set.defaults

-11 FIX.FORMAT \ limit floating point display to 1 decimal place

” NONAME " fname ":= \ default file name

1000 sample.frequency := \ define sample frequency per channel in Hz

channel.0 \ default a/d template

sample.frequency #.of.channels * 1000 / INV \ default sampling frequency

CONVERSION.DELAY \ set it (sample frequency = 1/conversion.delay)

A/D.INTT \ initialize hardware ( in ms ^ ^ )

\ data.to.screen

\

\ acquires one channel of data and displays it on the screen

\ used to allow user to look at data in real-time before

\ command issued to collect a buffer full to disk

\ once called, waits until a key is hit, stops and returns

\ to calling function

\

\ ******* ***** * VUPORT cl

.25 .8 VUPORT.ORIG \ set graphics window location and size

1. .19 VUPORT.SIZE

.05.05 AXIS.ORIG

.95 .9 AXIS.SIZE

24
VUPORT c2

.25 .60 VUPORT.ORIG \ set graphics window location and size

1. .19 VUPORT.SIZE

.05.05 AXIS.ORIG

.95 .9 AXIS.SIZE

VUPORT c3

.25 .40 VUPORT.ORIG \ set graphics window location and size

1. .19 VUPORT.SIZE

.05.05 AXIS.ORIG

.95 .9 AXIS.SIZE

: data.to.screen

." data to screen "

\ display what going on

GRAPHICS.DISPLAY \ prep graphics

{live} \ set text window

SCREEN.CLEAR \ clear screen

CR ." THE ACTIVE FILE”

CR ." NAME IS : ” fname TYPE \ display active file name

CR CR .” Hit any key to

CR ." start acquisition " \ prompt user

cl

HORIZONTAL NO.LABELS \ no horizontal labels

VERTICAL 0 2 LABEL.POINTS

NORMAL.COORDS .5 .5 AXIS.POINT

HORIZONTAL 0. 100. WORLD.SET \ set range of data, must coordinate with

VERTICAL -5. 5. WORLD.SET \ a/d scaling, see defaults

OUTLINE

XY.AXIS.PLOT

.01 .01 POSITION " Current” LABEL

c2

HORIZONTAL NO.LABELS

VERTICAL 0 2 LABEL.POINTS

NORMAL.COORDS .5 .5 AXIS.POINT

HORIZONTAL 0. 100. WORLD.SET

VERTICAL -5. 5. WORLD.SET

OUTLINE

XY.AXIS.PLOT

.01 .01 POSITION ” Light” LABEL

c3

HORIZONTAL NO.LABELS

VERTICAL 0 2 LABEL.POINTS

NORMAL.COORDS .5 .5 AXIS.POINT

HORIZONTAL 0. 100. WORLD.SET

VERTICAL -5. 5. WORLD.SET

OUTLINE

no horizontal labels

\ set range of data, must coordinate with

a/d scaling, see defaults

no horizontal labels

\ set range of data, must coordinate with

a/d scaling, see defaults

25
XY.AXIS.PLOT

.01 .01 POSITION " Field Probe" LABEL

gpra LINE.BUFFER.ON

c2.buf LINE.BUFFER.ON

c3.buf LINE.BUFFER.ON

RTI-800/815

sample.frequency #.of.channels * 1000 / INV \ set sampling frequency

CONVERSION.DELAY

BEGIN \ display data, loop until key is hit

cl

gpra LINE.BUFFER.SWITCH

ERASE.LINES

channel.O

display.buffer TEMPLATE.BUFFER

100 TEMPLATE.REPEAT

A/D.INTT

AyD.IN>ARRAY

display.buffer

-5.5. A/D.SCALE

DP>SP

Y.DATA.PLOT

c2

c2.buf LINE.BUFFER.SWITCH

ERASE.LINES

channel. 1 display.buffer TEMPLATE.BUFFER

100 TEMPLATEREPEAT

A/D.INTT

A/D.IN>ARRAY

display.buffer

-5.5. A/D.SCALE

DP>SP

Y.DATA.PLOT

c3

c3.buf LINE.BUFFER.SWTTCH

ERASELINES

channel.2

display.buffer TEMPLATE.BUFFER

100 TEMPLATE.REPEAT

A/D.INTT

A/D.IN>ARRAY

26
display.buffer

-5.5. A/D.SCALE

DP>SP

Y.DATA.PLOT

?KEY UNTIL KEY \ key hit?

channel.O \ yes, stop present acquisition

A/D.INIT

LINE.BUFFER.OFF \ clean up

AXIS.DEFAULTS

SCREEN.CLEAR

NORMAL.DISPLAY

STACK.CLEAR

CR ." Started acquisition to disk"

CR

\

\

: write.to.disk

CR ." Writing to disk

" LOAD.OVERLAY d:\DATAFILE.SOV

FTLE.TEMPLATE

4 COMMENTS

data.buffer [JFORM.SUBFILE

file.info QFORM.SUBFILE

END

fname DEFER> FILE.CREATE

fname DEFER> FILE.OPEN

" linel

"

1 > COMMENT

" line2

2 >COMMENT

" line3

"

3 >COMMENT

" line4

4

>COMMENT

1 SUBFILE data.bufFer ARRAY>FILE

7CONVERSION.DELAY Gle.info [ 1 ] :=

2 SUBFILE file.info ARRAY>FILE

nLRCLOSE

STACK.CLEAR

RELEASE.OVERLAY

\

27
: acquire.disk

CR Reading from disk " LOAD.OVERLAY d:\DATAFILE.SOV

fname DEFER> FILE.OPEN

1 SUBHLE

data.buffer HLE>ARRAY

2 SUBnLE

file.info HLE>ARRAY

file.info [ 1 ] CONVERSION.DELAY

channel.02

A/D.INIT

file.info [ 1 ] INV 1000 * #.of.channels / sample.frequency : =

FILE.CLOSE

RELEASE.OVERLAY

STACK.CLEAR

\

\

: wait.for.CR

BEGIN

#INPUT

WHILE

0 = REPEAT

\^*^mm*****m***************************if**^******^t******i**^i********tt^t^

\ plotter

\

\ completes x-y plot of arrays on top of stack

\ takes labels for axes from top of symbol stack

\ on both stacks y on top of x

\ *

: plotter

GRAPHICS.DISPLAY \ set graphics mode

SCREEN.CLEAR \ clear screen

gw \ set text window

0 0 VUPORT.ORIG \ set graph window location and size

1 .925 VUPORT.SIZE

.15.15 AXIS.ORIG

.8 .8 AXIS.SIZE

XY.AUTO.PLOT \ plot two arrays on top of stack

NORMAL.COORDS \ within reference of screen

\ calculate where to start y

label, get length of string, divide by

28
\ 50(characters/tenth of screen height, divide by 2 to center,

\ subtract from center (0.5) put x location on and swap

"LEN 1. * 50. / 2. / 0.5 SWAP - 0.02 SWAP

90 LABEL.DIR \ with label and character orientation

90 CHAR.DIR \ at 90 degrees

POSITION CURSOR.OFF LABEL \ write y

label

0 LABEL.DIR \ with character and label

0 CHAR.DIR \ direction of 0

0.5 0.05 POSITION LABEL \ locate where to start x label

.05 .05 READOUT> POSITION \ locate readout for array.read.out

WORLD.COORDS \ back to coordinates within graph

\ display active file name and available actions

CR CR File: " fname "TYPE

." Sampling Frequency = " sample.frequency . ." Hz "

\ ."V avg = " voltage mean .

\ ."I avg = " current mean . CR ." 1-Dump to Printer 2-Array.Readout 3-Retum Select a key -> " KEY

CASE \ get key and decide what to do

49 OF CR CR \ screen dump

"TYPE File:" fname "TYPE CR

." Sampling Frequency = " sample.frequency . ." Hz "

\ ."V avg = " voltage mean .

\ ."I avg = " current mean . SCREEN.PRINT

ENDOF

50 OF ARRAY.READOUT \ CR CR \ array.readout function

\ Active Keys -> Arrows, Home, PgUp, Ins, End, PgDn CR to quit

wait.for.CR \ loop until down

ENDOF

\ otherwise just leave

ENDCASE

\

\

: time.trace

CR CR Enter Channel Number 1 Current

CR 2 Light " CR 3 Field Probe -> " #INPUT channel.no : = STACK.CLEAR

CR CR ." Plot how Many Data Points, Up to " #samples/channel

.

." ? -> " #INPUT #.of.samples :=

29
" Time Trace”

channel.no

CASE

1 OF " Current

ENDOF

2 OF " Light ” ENDOF

3 OF " Field Probe " ENDOF

ENDCASE

#.of.samples RAMP \ create x axis time array

?conversion.delay #.of.channels * * DP>SP

data.buffer xsect[ ! , channel.no ] SUB[ 0 , #.of.samples ] -5. 5. a/d.scale

DP>SP

" Time (ms)

plotter

y

\

\

rmnt*****0**^*m*****if*****0******* **************** ******m*****’t^f***^m

: time.amplitude.histogram

CR CR ." Enter Channel Number 1 Current

CR .” 2 Light ” CR .” 3 Field Probe"

CR ." 4 Wire Speed " CR ." 5 Voltage -> " #INPUT channel.no :=

STACK.CLEAR

CR CR ******** Calculating Histogram ********* ”

" Histogram "

" Number of Samples "

0 gpra := \ zero a/d count array

#samples/channel 1 + 1 DO

data.buffer xsect[ I , channel.no ] \ put Ith voltage sample on stack

2049 + \ get it between 1 and 40%

\ 0. = IF 1 ELSE data.buffer xsect[ I , channel.no ] THEN

\ if zero, make it one, array index starts at 1 not 0

gpi := \ set general purpose scalar equal to it gpra [ gpi ] \ put corresponding a/d.count value on stack

1 + gpra [ gpi ] := \ increment that count value

LOOP

STACK.CLEAR

gpra SUB[ 1 , a/d.resolution ] FIX

\ -5.5. A/D.SCALE

DP>SP

INDEX.ARRAY HX

30
SWAP

channel.no

CASE

1 OF " Current

” ENDOF

2 OF " Light ” ENDOF

3 OF ” Field Probe ” ENDOF

ENDCASE

plotter

\

\

4i4i«**4i

«««*«

: channeLvs.channel

STACK.CLEAR

" Channel Vs Channel" \ graph title

CR CR Enter Y-axis Channel Number 1 Current

’ CR 2 Light

" CR 3 Field Probe -> ’ # INPUT channel.no

?DROP \ #INPUT leaves t/f on symbol stack, drop it data.buffer xsect[ ! , channel.no ] SUB[ 0 , #samples/channel 2 / ] -5. 5. A/D.SCALE

DP>SP

channel.no

CASE

1 OF " Current"

ENDOF

2 OF " Light"

ENDOF

3 OF " Field Probe"

ENDOF

ENDCASE

CR CR ." Enter X-axis Channel Number 1 Current

* CR ." 2 Light " CR ." 3 Field Probe > ’ # INPUT channel.no

?DROP \ #INPUT leaves t/f on symbol stack, drop it

data.buffer xsect[ ! , channel.no ] SUB[ 0 , #samples/channel 2 / ] -5. 5. A/D.SCALE

DP>SP
channel.no

CASE

1 OF ” Current"

ENDOF

2 OF " Light"

ENDOF

3 OF " Field Probe"

ENDOF

ENDCASE

VERTICAL 0 5 WORLD.SET

DOTTED

GRAPHICS.DISPLAY \ set graphics mode

SCREEN.CLEAR \ clear screen

gw \ set text window

0 0 VUPORT.ORIG \ set graph window location and size

1 .925 VUPORT.SIZE

.15.15 AXIS.ORIG

.8 .8 AXIS.SIZE

VERTICAL 0 5 WORLD.SET

HORIZONTAL 0 5 WORLD.SET

XY.AXIS.PLOT \ plot two arrays on top of stack

XY.DATA.PLOT

NORMAL.COORDS \ within reference of screen

\ calculate where to start y

label, get length of string, divide by

\ 50(characters/tenth of screen height, divide by 2 to center,

\ subtract from center (0.5) put x location on and swap

"LEN 1. * 50. / 2. / 0.5 SWAP - 0.02 SWAP

90 LABEL.DIR \ with label and character orientation

90 CHAR.DIR \ at 90 degrees

POSITION CURSOR.OFF LABEL \ write y

label

0 LABEL.DIR \ with character and label

0 CHAR.DIR \ direction of 0

0.5 0.05 POSITION LABEL \ locate where to start x label

.05 .05 READOUT>POSITION \ locate readout for array.read.out

WORLD.COORDS \ back to coordinates within graph

\ display active file name and available actions

CR CR ." File: " fname "TYPE

." Sampling Frequency = " sample.frequency . ." Hz "

\ ."V avg = " voltage mean .

\ ."I avg = " current mean . CR ." 1-Dump to Printer 2-Array.Readout 3-Retum Select a key -> " KEY

CASE \ get key and decide what to do

49 OF CR CR \ screen dump

32
TYPE File:" fname "TYPE CR

Sampling Frequency = " sample.frequency . Hz "

\ ."V avg = " voltage mean .

\ ."I avg = " current mean . SCREEN.PRINT

ENDOF

50 OF ARRAY.READOUT \ CR CR \ array. readout function

\

." Active Keys -> Arrows, Home, PgUp, Ins, End, PgDn CR to quit

wait.for.CR \ loop until down

ENDOF

\ otherwise just leave

ENDCASE

SOLID

\

\

\^^Hi0t****************************************************************

: name.nie

CR CR Type Active File Name ->

" "INPUT fname ": =

9

\

\

\^4^*^it*****************************************************************

: set.frequency

CR CR Enter sampling frequency per channel in Hz -> " #INPUT sample.frequency :=

sample.frequency #.of.channels * 1000 / INV

CONVERSION.DELAY

9

\

\

: acquire.live

STACK.CLEAR

channel.02

sample.frequency #.of.channels * 1000 / INV

CONVERSION.DELAY

data.buffer TEMPLATE.BUFFER

A/D.INIT

channel.02

#samples/channel TEMPLATE.REPEAT

A/D.INIT

A/D.IN>ARRAY

33
write.to.disk

\

\

: smooth.data

STACK.CLEAR

CR CR Enter Cutoff Frequency in Cycles/Point (0.03 - 0.5) " #INPUT

CR ••••••* SMOOTHING ******* " LOAD.OVERLAY WAVEOPS.SOV

SET.CUTOFF.FREQ

data.buffer xsect[ ! , 1 ] SMOOTH data.buffer xsect[ ! , 1 ] := \ voltage now holds low pass

filtered data

data.buffer xsect[ ! , 2 ] SMOOTH data.buffer xsect( ! , 2 ] := \ current now holds low pass

filtered data

data.buffer xsect[ ! , 3 ] SMOOTH data.buffer xseci( ! , 3 ]

: = \ current now holds low pass

filtered data

RELEASE.OVERLAY

\

\

\

\

«*«*«***«*««*«*«4i*««**«*4i«**«4t««

: stat

\ STACK.CLEAR

\ CR CR ." Avg Current MEAN = " current MEAN . .’ RMS = " current current * []sum

#samples/channel / sqrt

\ CR ." Current Max = ” current []MIN/MAX . ." Min = "

\ CR ." Sdev Current = " current VARIANCE SQRT .

\ CR CR ." Avg Voltage MEAN = " voltage MEAN . ." RMS = " voltage voltage * []sum

#samples/channel / sqrt

\ CR Voltage Max = " voltage QMIN/MAX . .’ Min = "

\ CR ." Sdev Voltage = " voltage VARIANCE SQRT .

\ CR CR ." Hit <return > to continue

\ wait.for.CR \ loop until key hit

9

\

\

if*^ntttim*************************m********»9 •••••• •••••**if************

\ Computes the DFT of the waveform on top of stack

\ [ waveform ~ ]

: fourier. transform

STACK-CLEAR

CR CR Enter Channel Number 1 Current

’ CR ." 2 Light ” CR ." 3 Field Probe -> " #INPLT channel.no :=
\ CR Enter Smoothing Cutoff Frequency in Cycles/Point (0.03 - 0.5) -> " #INPUT

LOAD.OVERLAY WAVEOPS.SOV

.1 SET.CUTOFF.FREQ

" Discrete Fourier Transform”

data.buffer xsect[ ! , channel.no ] channel.no

CASE

1 OF " Current

ENDOF

2 OF " Light

ENDOF

3 OF " Field Probe " ENDOF

ENDCASE

" Frequency (Hz)

CR CR ." ***** Calculating DFT ***** "

FFT \ Compute FFT

ZMAG \ Get Magnitude

\ amplitude array of frequencies on stack now

sub[ 0 , #samples/channel 2 / ] \ get real part

SMOOTH \ smooth amplitude

\ 3.63569e-3 * \ empirical madigan factor for real units

gpra []ramp \ set up frequency array

?conversion.delay lE-3 * \ calc time between samples

#.of.channels * \ calc time between samples for each

#samples/channel * INV \ channel and convert to frequency

gpra * gpra := \ per point, scale frequency array

1 gpi := BEGIN \ drop part of spectrum below

gpra [ gpi 1 30. > \ ?100 Hz

1 gpi + gpi

UNTIL

SUB[ gpi , #samples/channel 2 / gpi -

] \ only real half of power on stack

gpra SUB[ gpi , #samples/channel 2 / gpi -

] SWAP \ and they are backwards so swap them

plotter

RELEASE.OVERLAY

\^«*««*««**«**«««*««*«*«**«*«4i**«««*4i*«*««**« *«*««««««**««*««««*****««

\

\

: dump \ dumps present contents of buffers to ASCII file

name.file

35
fname DEFER> OUT>FILE \ open text file

\ CR ***••** Writing to Text File

*•****• " CONSOLE.OFF

#samples/channel 1 + 1 DO

T MU

i • • y data.buffer xsect[ 1 , 1 ]

. data.buffer xsect[ 1,2]..","

data.buffer xsect[ 1,3]..","

CR

LOOP

OUT>nLE.CLOSE

\

\

: test \ dumps a a/d channel to screen

RTI-800/815

A/D.INTT

BEGIN

A/D.IN . \ start acquisition

CR 100 MSEC.DELAY

?KEY

UNTIL

\

\

: go

STACK.CLEAR

set.defaults

101 1 DO

NORMAL.DISPLAY SCREEN.CLEAR INTEN.OFF INVERSE.OFF CR CR CR CR

DATA ACQUISITION AND ANALYSIS PROGRAM " CR CR CR

." <1> FILE NAME <2> LIVE ACQUIRE <3> DISK ACQUIRE " CR

." <4> TIME DATA PLOT <5> SMOOTH DATA <6> FOURIER

TRANSFORM " CR

." <7> AMPLITUDE HISTOGRAM <8> CHANNEL vs CHANNEL <9> SAMPLE

FREQUENCY " CR

." <S> STATISTICAL <Q> QUIT " CR

CR ." THE ACTIVE FILE NAME IS : " fname TYPE

CR CR ." Select a key -> " KEY DUP ASCn" "TYPE

CASE

49 OF name.file ENDOF

50 OF data.to.screen acquire.live ENDOF

51 OF acquire.disk ENDOF

36
52 OF time.trace ENDOF

53 OF smooth.data ENDOF

54 OF fourier.transform ENDOF

55 OF time.amplitude.histogram ENDOF

56 OF channeLvs.channel ENDOF

57 OF set.frequency ENDOF

1 15 OF stat ENDOF

83 OF LEAVE -1 4 FIX.FORMAT ENDOF

81 OF LEAVE -1 4 FTX.FORMAT ENDOF

83 OF LEAVE -1 4 FDC.FORMAT ENDOF

113 OF LEAVE -1 4 nX.FORMAT ENDOF

NOP

ENDCASE

LOOP

go

37
APPENDIX B

WELDING DATA

A. Data for Welds with 13-mm CTOD (Voltage in V and Current in A)

HLE CURRENT VOLTAGE CURRENT VOLTAGE CURRENT CURRENT CURRENT VOLTAGE VOLTAGE VOLTAGE TRANSFER

NAME MEAN MEAN RMS RMS MAX MIN SDEV SDEV MAX MIN MODE

V240040 233.2 24.2 240.1 24.3 499.5 0.0 57.1 3.0 38.1 8.1 SC

V245040 237.5 24.5 239.9 24.6 499.5 111.8 33.9 11 37.0 9.1 SC

V250040 234.4 25.0 235.0 25.0 439.0 7.8 163 1.3 39.8 10.6 DS

V255040 238.7 25.6 238.8 25.6 263.2 221.7 3.0 0.1 263 24.8 DS

V260040 240.6 26.0 240.6 26.0 252.0 229.0 2.8 0.1 26.8 25.1 DS

V265040 250.4 26.6 250.5 26.6 263.2 2383 2.7 0.1 27.2 25.7 DS

V270040 260.6 27.0 260.6 27.0 278.3 247.1 3.0 0.1 29.0 26.1 DS

V275040 264.1 27.5 264.1 27.5 274.4 250.0 3.1 0.1 27.9 25.0 DS

V280040 245.5 28.1 245.5 28.1 262.7 223.1 3.4 0.1 28.7 27.2 DS

V285040 249.2 28.5 249.2 28.5 258.3 235.4 3.0 0.1 29.3 27.6 DS

V290040 258.7 29.0 258.8 29.0 266.1 220.7 19 0.1 29.9 27.9 DS

V295040 276.3 29.5 276.3 293 283.7 257.3 12 0.1 30.2 27.4 DS

V300040 280.7 30.0 280.8 30.0 294.9 250.5 3.1 0.2 314 28.1 SS

V305040 283.7 30.5 283.7 30.5 294.4 263.7 19 0.1 31.4 29.7 SS

V310040 288.4 31.0 288.5 31.0 306.6 264.6 3.7 0.2 32.2 29.8 SS

V250045 249.3 25.1 252.6 25.2 499.5 0.0 403 2.6 38.5 8.7 SC

V255045 252.2 25.6 254.6 25.7 499.5 70.3 34.6 10 38.9 8.9 SC

V260045 267.3 26.0 267.4 26.0 309.1 224.1 8.4 0.5 32.5 18.8 DS

V265045 273.2 26.5 273.2 26.5 297.9 245.6 4.4 0.3 311 24.9 SS

V270045 272.2 27.0 272J 27.0 308.6 2293 5.7 03 30.4 25.5 SS

V275045 279.6 273 279.6 273 298.3 260.7 3.2 0.2 30.0 26.5 SS

V280045 294.2 28.0 294.2 28.0 310.5 281.7 3.1 0.2 30.6 26.9 SS

V285045 294.7 28.6 294.8 28.6 305.7 28Z2 19 0.2 30.6 26.9 SS

V290045 293.8 29.0 293.8 29.0 303.7 278.8 17 0.1 30.7 28.1 SS

V295045 293.8 29.5 293.8 29.5 310.5 278.8 16 0.1 30.2 28.8 SS

V300045 297.7 30.1 297.7 30.1 313.0 276.4 17 0.1 311 28.7 SS

V305045 307.4 30.6 307.4 30.6 330.1 285.6 3.7 0.1 31.1 29.1 SS

V310045 314.2 31.0 314.2 31.0 320.8 294.9 13 0.2 31.6 29.2 SS

V255050 266.4 25.6 269.6 25.7 499.5 20.0 41.1 12 50.0 9.6 sc

V260050 269.4 26.1 271.3 26.1 4993 62.5 31.8 1.8 41.5 10.4 sc

V265050 280.6 26.5 280.9 26.5 345.2 220.7 11.7 0.8 373 211 sc

V270050 286.7 27.0 286.7 27.0 340.3 242.7 6.5 0.4 31.7 25.3 SS

V275050 292.0 27.5 292.1 273 306.2 269.5 3.6 0.2 30.6 26.6 SS

V280050 316.9 28.0 316.9 28.0 334.0 297.9 3.0 0.1 29.4 26.9 SS

V290050 331.0 29.1 331.0 29.1 340.8 316.9 14 0.1 30.8 28.0 SS

V300050 327.4 30.0 327.4 30.0 337.9 314.0 14 0.1 303 29.0 SS

V310050 333.2 31.0 3333 31.0 358.4 306.6 23 0.1 333 30.1 SS

V260055 295.1 26.1 2953 26.1 499.5 273 19.4 1.2 37.2 14.5 sc

V265055 3043 26.6 304.6 26.6 404.8 187.5 13J 1.0 41.8 19.9 sc

V270055 310.1 27.0 3103 27.0 374.0 239.7 11.1 0.8 317 223 sc

V275055 318.9 273 318.9 273 348.1 294.9 4.6 0.3 31.5 26.2 sc

V280055 3283 27.9 328.6 28.0 349.1 293.9 5J 0.4 313 26.3 sc

V285055 332.6 283 33Z7 283 353.0 311.0 5.2 0.4 316 25.7 sc

V290055 3363 29.0 3363 29.0 354.5 315.9 43 03 323 26.4 SS

V295055 333.0 293 333.1 293 356.4 308.1 5.2 0.4 33.5 28.2 SS

V300055 354.4 30.1 354.4 30.1 377.4 331.1 3.4 0.2 313 29.1 SS

V310055 357.9 31.0 357.9 31.0 377.4 336.9 3.0 0.2 319 29.3 SS

V270060 325.6 27.0 325.6 27.0 386.7 291.0 7.1 0.5 313 23.8 sc

V275060 325.1 27.6 325.3 27.6 460.4 27Z0 10.5 0.8 33.1 114 sc

V280060 340.9 28.1 341.0 28.1 370.6 313.0 6.7 03 333 26.4 sc

V285060 343.1 283 343.1 283 368.2 308.6 5.9 0.4 31.7 26.4 sc
HLE CURRENT VOLTAGE CURRENT VOLTAGE CURRENT CURRENT CURRENT VOLTAGE VOLTAGE VOLTAGE TRANSFER

NAME MEAN MEAN RMS RMS MAX MIN SDEV SDEV MAX MIN MODE

V290060 345.9 29.0 345.9 29.0 370.6 324.2 4.5 0.3 31.7 27.1 SS

V295060 350.8 293 350.8 293 368.7 325.7 5.4 03 312 27.9 SS

V300060 358.5 30.0 358.6 30.0 379.9 314.0 5.0 0.4 34.0 28.6 SS

V310060 367.2 31.0 367.2 31.0 383.3 353.0 19 0.2 32.8 29.9 SS

V320060 382.6 32.0 382.6 32.0 393.6 365.2 16 0.1 34.0 31.1 SS

V325060 397.2 323 397.2 323 415.0 379.9 17 0.1 33.4 30.0 SS

V330060 3953 33.0 395.3 33.0 4063 384J 19 0.1 33.8 31.8 SS

3280065 355.1 28.1 355.1 28.1 373.5 334.0 4.6 0.4 31.0 25.3 sc

3285065 3503 28.6 350.4 28.6 381.8 316.4 6.3 0.5 311 26.4 sc

3290065 369.5 29.1 369.5 29.1 391.1 347.7 4.9 0.4 31.8 27.3 SS

3295065 3673 293 367.3 29.5 391.6 3403 4.7 0.4 310 28.3 SS

3300065 366.1 30.0 366.1 30.0 393.6 333.0 4.8 0.4 32.8 28.7 SS

3310065 395.8 31.0 395.8 31.0 418.0 366.2 4.7 0.4 343 28.8 SS

3320065 403.2 32.0 403.2 32.0 421.9 3823 3.9 0.3 353 30.1 SS

3330065 409.6 33.0 409.7 33.0 421.9 391.6 3.0 0.2 35.4 31.4 SS

3340065 415.4 34.0 415.4 34.0 423.3 3823 23 0.1 35.4 319 SS

3350065 456.7 35.0 456.9 35.0 499.5 438.0 11.2 0.2 35.9 34.1 SS

V280065 313.4 28.0 313.7 28.1 410.2 241.7 13.5 0.7 39.3 22.9 sc

V285065 331.2 283 331.2 28.5 363.3 289.1 6.2 0.4 34.7 26.6 sc

V290065 3319 29.0 332.9 29.0 355.5 296.9 5.5 0.4 323 27.1 SS

V295065 346.7 293 346.8 29.5 364.7 32Z8 33 0.3 31.9 28.6 SS

V300065 367.4 30.1 367.4 30.1 387.2 343.8 4.4 03 33.0 28.9 SS

V310065 370.2 31.0 370.2 31.0 384.8 347.7 3.2 0.2 318 29.5 SS

V320065 3723 32.1 372J 32.1 386.2 360.8 23 0.1 33.2 31.1 SS

V330065 404.1 33.0 404.1 33.0 418.9 375.0 33 0.2 35.1 31.4 SS

V285070 357.3 283 357.4 28.5 3943 314.0 8.7 0.4 31.5 25.5 SC

V290070 3673 29.0 367.5 29.0 383.8 3433 4.2 03 31.6 27.7 SC

V295070 362.9 29.6 362.9 29.6 385.7 3403 4.6 0.4 310 27.7 SS

V300070 388.1 30.1 388.2 30.1 414.1 3543 53 03 33.3 28.2 SS V310070 3963 31.0 396.5 31.0 422.4 368.7 4.8 0.4 33.9 29.7 SS V320070 397.6 32.0 397.6 32.1 413.6 373.0 43 0.4 353 30.7 SS V330070 397.9 33.1 398.0 33.1 415.0 369.1 3.6 03 35.8 31.8 SS

V340070 434.0 34.0 434.0 34.0 452.1 417.0 3.9 0.2 36.4 317 SS

V350070 454.7 35.1 454.7 35.1 471.7 439.0 4.2 0.2 36.7 34.1 SS

V290075 361.4 29.2 363.1 29.2 499.5 162.1 35.9 10 39.2 9.9 SC

V295075 390.6 293 390.7 293 4173 3543 7.7 03 318 27.2 SC

V300075 3923 29.8 392J 29.8 420.4 3553 7.8 0.5 33.7 27.9 SS

V305075 399.8 30.6 399.8 30.6 428.2 359.4 7.8 03 33.6 27.5 SS

V310075 390.0 31.0 390.1 31.1 414.1 3633 63 03 34.0 29.5 SS

V320075 408.8 32.1 408.8 3Z1 437.0 385.7 43 03 34.5 30.6 SS

V330075 4123 33.1 41Z5 33.1 428.7 391.6 3.2 0.2 34.4 31.4 SS

V340075 438.4 34.1 438.4 34.1 461.9 410.2 43 03 37.4 315 SS

V350075 435.0 35.0 435.0 35.0 449.7 411.1 3.9 0.2 36.9 33.9 SS

V360075 447.4 36.0 447.4 36.0 458.0 4183 3.1 0.1 37.9 34.9 SS

V290080 385.1 29.1 3853 29.1 4993 3203 11.9 1.0 35.9 20.0 SC

V295080 384.7 293 3843 293 452.1 345.2 7.6 0.6 36.2 26.4 SC

V300080 386.7 30.1 386.7 30.1 409.7 3633 5.3 03 316 28.7 SS V310080 4043 31.0 404.6 31.0 439.0 3743 6.4 0.5 34.0 28.5 SS

V320080 410.0 32.0 410.1 32.0 439.0 387.2 4.6 0.4 34.4 30.1 SS

V330080 418J 33.0 4183 33.0 442.9 3%.0 4.9 0.3 35.7 31.2 SS V340080 4433 34.1 4433 34.1 468.8 420.4 43 03 36.2 315 SS

V350080 444.9 35.0 445.0 35.0 481.4 424.3 4.6 03 37.0 33.4 SS V360080 4643 36.0 4643 36.0 473.1 446.3 16 0.2 37.5 34.4 SS

V290085 397.1 29.1 397.4 29.1 4993 33Z0 16.6 1.4 36.6 19.0 SC

V300085 403.0 30.0 403.1 30.0 433.1 3733 5.6 0.5 33.0 28.0 SC

V310085 422.1 30.9 422.2 30.9 483.9 360.4 10.4 0.7 36.6 25.4 SS V320085 419J 32.1 419.4 32.1 450.2 388.2 7.0 03 34J 30.6 SS

V330085 429.6 33.1 429.6 33.1 461.9 397.0 6.4 03 35.6 31.3 SS

39
RLE CURRENT VOLTAGE CURRENT VOLTAGE CURRENT CURRENT CURRENT VOLTAGE VOLTAGE VOLTAGE TRANSFER

NAME MEAN MEAN RMS RMS MAX MIN SDEV SDEV MAX MIN MODE

V340085 453.0 34.0 453.0 34.0 4773 4233 4.5 0.3 36.6 32.7 SS

V350085 460.0 35.0 460.0 35.0 487.3 442.9 5.4 0.2 37.0 33.8 SS

V360085 481.4 36.0 4813 36.0 4993 455.6 8.9 0.3 38.2 343 SS

V290090 407.6 29.1 408.2 29.2 4993 313.0 213 2.0 463 163 SC

V300090 419.7 30.1 419.9 30.1 4993 358.9 123 1.2 38.5 22.7 SC

V310090 444.9 31.1 445.0 31.1 4993 386.7 9.2 0.7 36.7 28.9 SS

V320090 451.6 32.0 451.7 32.1 482.9 408.2 8.6 0.6 35.4 30.4 SS

V330090 475.3 33.0 475.3 33.0 4983 441.9 6.4 03 36.2 29.5 SS

V340090 474.7 34.0 474.7 34.0 4993 4453 5.9 03 37.1 30.0 SS

V350090 497.1 35.0 497.1 35.0 499.5 471.7 3.8 0.4 37.7 32.9 SS

V290095 410.8 29.2 411.9 29.3 4993 305.2 293 2.9 39.0 14.6 SC

13v30000 420.6 293 424.0 29.8 767.6 302.7 53.9 4.1 38.6 10.5 SC

13v30501 424.0 30.1 426.8 303 748.0 325.7 483 33 383 11.2 SC

13v31002 424.0 30.6 425.0 30.7 734.9 308.1 29.5 2.2 37.7 13.4 sc

13v31503 4393 31.0 440.7 31.2 606.0 334.0 36.2 3.7 403 12.1 SC

13V32004 429.8 313 430.9 31.7 590.8 326.7 303 33 393 13.8 sc

13V32505 4533 32.0 454.0 32.1 558.6 381.3 21.0 2.8 37.6 16.9 sc

13v34006 460.4 33.4 460.6 33.5 535.2 408.7 12.7 1.1 37.1 26.0 SS

13v36007 5013 353 501.7 35.3 574.7 425.3 20.6 0.7 37.7 32.8 SS

40
B. Data for Welds with 19-mm CTOD (Voltage in V and Current in A)

RLE CURRENT VOLTAGE CURRENT VOLTAGE CURRENT CURRENT CURRENT VOLTAGE VOLTAGE VOLTAGE TRANSFER

NAME MEAN MEAN RMS RMS MAX MIN SDEV SDEV MAX MIN MODE

V2900961 191 29.4 193 29.4 352 121 31 0.4 31.0 23.1 GB

V3201198 190 32.2 192 32.2 274 115 31 03 33.9 2S.1 GB

V3401507 201 34.0 206 34.0 282 83 48 0.4 37.0 32,5 GB

V3501512 221 35.1 225 35.1 307 112 43 0.4 37.0 333 GB

V3100804 211 31.0 211 31.0 252 153 18 0.2 32.9 29.1 GB

V3151035 213 31.6 215 31.6 270 142 31 03 33.1 30.4 GB

V3001003 209 30.0 212 30.0 305 136 35 0.4 32,5 25.7 GB

V3051009 208 30J 311 30J 315 114 40 0.4 31.8 28.1 GB

V3151059 216 31J 219 31J 273 134 35 03 32.4 29.1 GB/D

V2900950 229 29.1 229 29.1 252 180 7 0.2 30.0 28.4 GB/D

V2800480 204 28.0 205 28.0 460 37 17 0.7 35.5 12J GB

V2850594 206 28J 207 28.6 444 127 21 0.6 39.8 12,4 GB

V2900980 215 29.1 217 29.1 289 109 26 0.4 38.0 263 GB

V2950988 217 29.6 218 29.6 267 154 26 03 32.2 28.0 GB

V3000997 226 29.9 228 29.9 330 157 26 03 31.1 27.2 GB/D

V3100797 225 31.0 225 31.0 255 148 15 03 33.2 29.1 GBD

V3151069 225 31.6 226 31.6 265 143 26 0.3 32.6 30.9 GBD

V3201211 212 32.1 216 32.1 295 125 39 0.4 33.1 30.3 GB

V3401501 236 34.1 237 34.1 280 148 17 0.2 35.2 31.8 SCG

V3501526 244 35.0 246 35.0 339 135 33 0.4 39.6 33.4 GBD

V2900967 228 29.0 228 29.0 247 192 6 0.1 29.8 27.7 GB

V3050702 227 30J 227 30J 248 191 8 0.2 31.4 29.0 DS

V3151044 236 31.6 237 31.6 262 192 14 0.2 32.4 30.0 GBD

V3201220 221 3Z0 222 32.0 281 142 23 03 33.8 30.8 GB

V3301373 232 33.0 233 33.0 275 154 24 03 34.0 31.3 GB

V3201260 246 32.0 246 3Z0 282 177 12 0.2 32.8 29.2 DS

V3401525 245 34.0 246 34.0 273 178 15 0.2 34.9 32,6 GBD

V3501535 276 34.9 277 34.9 292 220 6 03 35.9 33.0 DS-S

V2800501 213 28.0 214 28.1 500 27 25 13 41.4 12.1 GB

V2850602 222 28J 223 28J 245 187 7 0.2 29.8 213 GB

V2900000 231 29.2 231 29.2 246 214 4 0.2 30.3 27.9 GB

V2950150 234 29.6 234 29.6 248 219 4 0.2 31.2 28.1 GBD

V3000265 220 30.0 220 30.0 253 164 10 0.2 30.9 28.5 GBD

V3050690 248 30.6 248 30.6 263 225 4 0.2 313 27.2 DS

V3100818 235 31.0 235 31.0 255 191 11 0.2 31.7 293 DS

V3151076 250 31.6 250 31.6 266 231 5 0.2 323 303 DS

V3201252 234 31.9 234 31.9 260 177 8 0.2 3Z8 31.1 GBD

V3301382 232 33.0 233 33.0 272 169 21 03 33.8 31.0 GBD

V3201227 222 32.0 224 32.0 285 147 28 03 32.9 30.1 DS

V3301350 232 33.1 232 33.1 258 170 9 0.2 33.8 31.7 GB

V3501504 287 35.0 287 35.0 301 262 5 0.3 37.0 32.2 SS

V2900021 235 28.8 235 28.8 245 219 3 0.2 29.4 27.4 GBD

V3151083 260 31.6 260 31.6 286 33 5 0.2 32J 30.0 DS

V3201244 247 32.0 247 32.0 270 140 6 0.2 33J 303 DS

V3301360 254- 33.1 254 33.1 270 226 5 0.2 35.6 31.8 DS

V3401537 259 34.1 259 34.1 280 239 6 0.2 36.0 32.1 SS V2800518 229 28.0 229 28.0 248 210 5 0.2 28.7 26.4 GB

V2850622 231 28J 231 28J 248 216 4 0.2 29.4 27.0 GB

V2900040 234 29.0 234 29.1 244 219 3 0.2 30.2 27.6 DS

V2950161 260 29J 260 29J 276 240 4 0.2 30.8 26.6 DS

V3000321 233 30.0 233 30.0 248 206 5 0.2 31.0 283 GBD

V3050710 249 30J 249 30.5 264 227 4 0.2 313 26.8 DS.S

V31 00837 247 30.9 247 30.9 262 220 5 0.2 323 27.7 DS,S

41
FILE CURRENT VOLTAGE CURRENT VOLTAGE CURRENT CURRENT CURRENT VOLTAGE VOLTAGE VOLTAGE TRANS FFR NAME MEAN MEAN RMS RMS MAX MIN SDEV SDEV MAX MIN MODE

V3151051 259 31.6 V3201236 253 31.9

V3301367 261 33.0

V3301356 269 33.0

V3401547 268 34.0

V3601611 324 35.8 V2850634 249 28J

V2900057 249 28.9 V2950176 259 29.5 V3000358 260 30.0 V3000344 250 30.0 V3050726 257 30J

V3100851 258 31.0

V3151090 272 31J

V3201272 275 32.0 V2800536 245 28.0 V2850655 252 28J

V3301390 290 33.0 V3401557 297 34.0 V3501500 313 35.1 V3701655 326 37.1 V3801706 345 38.0 V2800549 253 28.0 V2850665 253 28J

V2900074 265 29.0 V2950191 272 29.4 V3000373 268 30.0

V3050736 270 30J

V3100660 276 30.9

V3151100 288 31.6 V2850676 254 28.4 V2800562 260 28.0 V2900092 286 28.9 V3000444 284 29.9 V3151111 289 31J

V3201292 296 32.0

V3201282 296 314

V3401582 311 34.0

V3401568 311 34.0

V3601617 '140 36.0

V3701728 320 37.6

V3801713 358 38.0

V2850683 264 28J

V3050753 272 30J

V3100874 291 31.0

V2800580 267 28.0

V2900115 289 29.0

V3000459 281 30.1 V3151121 2an 31.7

V3201299 305 32.0

V3301400 312 33.1 V3401603 314 34.1 V3501542 359 34.9

V3701663 360 36.9

V2950203 299 29.5 V3050764 289 30.6

V3100885 302 31.0

V3801720 375 38.0

259 31.6 284

253 31.9 278

261 33.0 279

269 33.0 281

268 34.0 288

325 35.8 411

249 28J 305

249 28.9 273

260 29J 274

260 30.0 274

250 30.0 272

257 30J 285

258 31.0 281

272 31J 291

275 32.0 309

246 28.1 500

253 28J 459

290 33.0 311

297 34.0 320

313 35.1 328

326 37.1 345

345 38.0 371

256 28.2 500

253 28J 444

266 29.0 359

272 29.4 294

268 30.0 282

270 30J 288

277 30.9 314

288 31.6 310

256 28J 500

264 28.2 500

286 28.9 303

284 29.9 299

289 31J 308

296 32.0 315

296 32.4 313

311 34.0 325

311 34.0 327

348 36.0 363

320 37.6 339

358 38.0 378

267 28.7 500

272 30J 441

291 31.0 330

273 28.2 500

289 29.1 350

283 30.2 500

297 31.7 369

305 32.0 326

312 33.1 330

314 34.1 330

359 34.9 381

360 36.9 376

299 29J 299

290 30.6 491

302 31.1 384

375 38.0 397

234 7 0.2 231 7 0.2 227 5 0.2 235 5 0.2 250 6 0.2 259 30 0.4 159 7 0.4 203 5 0.4 237 5 0.2 234 5 0.2 216 6 0.2 184 6 0.3 229 6 OJ

239 5 0.2 249 6 0.2 0 26 IJ

49 15 0.9 268 5 0.2 273 5 0.2 280 5 03

287 7 0.3 290 8 03

0 42 2.9 27 26 1.7 170 14 1.2 225 5 03

247 5 0.2 235 5 03

238 9 03

264 6 0.2 27 31 2.2 28 52 3.1 261 3 03

246 5 03

267 6 0.2 265 5 0.2 248 5 0.2 292 4 0.2 280 4 0.2 322 4 0.2 293 7 0.2 331 6 0.2 25 38 23

158 20 1.4 252 9 03

2 55 3.4 142 11 0.7 63 34 2.2 69 14 03

259 5 0.2 282 5 0.2 293 5 0.2 315 5 0.2 340 5 03

246 6 03

75 28 13

158 14 0.6 338 8 0.2

323 29.5 DS/5

32.9 29.6 SS

34.1 313 DS

353 31.5 SS

353 32.2 SS

38.1 33.8 SS

36.5 25.0 GB/D

38.6 25.0 SC/G

30.0 25.8 DS/S

30.8 28.3 SS

313 28.4 DS

34.3 28.4 DS/S

31.7 27.8 SS

32.2 29.7 SS

33.0 30.2 SS

39.0 12.8 SC/G

40.2 17.1 SC/G

34.3 31.6 SS

36.7 31.4 SS

35.6 31.8 SS

39.2 35.2 RS

41.9 35.1 RS

40.7 6.3 SCG

40.6 13.1 SC/G

40.1 20.4 SS

33.9 25.8 SS

313 283 SS

323 28.7 SS

32.9 28.1 SS

32.6 29.8 SS

45.2 13.7 SCD

40.1 11.8 SC

31.4 25.9 SS

35.8 28.0 SS

323 29.7 SS

33.9 27.8 SS

343 31.0 SS

35.0 31.5 SS

35.4 32.1 SS

383 333 SS

39.1 36.0 RS

40.4 363 RS

41.1 12.7 SCD

40.2 16.2 SS

34.4 29.0 SS

41.0 11.7 SC

383 22.5 SS

50.0 14.1 SS

423 25.1 SS

33.2 30.6 SS

33.8 30.9 SS

34.7 3Z6 SS

35.9 32.4 SS

383 33.6 RS

32.4 25.7 SS

41.7 16.1 SS

39.4 24.4 SS

39.1 34.8 RS

42
HLE CURRENT VOLTAGE CURRENT VOLTAGE CURRENT CURRENT CURRENT VOLTAGE VOLTAGE VOLTAGE TRANSFER

NAME MEAN MEAN RMS RMS MAX MIN SDEV SDEV MAX MIN MODE

V280068 288 28.1 289 28.1 498 37 25 2,2 39.8 14 SC

V3000470 290 30.0 294 30.1 500 75 51 2.9 39.6 13.0 SC

V3050776 295 30J 298 30.6 500 63 45 2.7 40.7 13.8 SC

V3151128 320 31J 321 31.5 451 112 29 1.4 41.5 18.3 SS

V3201309 307 32,0 307 310 327 250 6 03 33.8 28.3 SS

V3301412 315 33.0 315 33.0 331 286 4 0.2 33.7 31.5 SS

V3401613 328 34.0 328 34.0 291 6 0.2 35.2 31.7 SS

V3601625 379 36.0 379 36.0 405 344 5 0.3 37.0 33.3 SS

V280072 296 28.1 300 28.2 500 103 34 23 38.8 13.1 SC

V2900137 294 29.0 295 29.1 500 53 28 1.9 41.7 12.8 SC

V3051179 304 30.6 305 30.6 500 190 26 13 43.4 133 SC

V051189 311 30.6 313 30.6 450 166 30 1.6 41.2 18.7 SC

V3151136 343 31.4 344 31.4 439 203 25 1.1 38.4 27.0 SC

V3201320 306 311 309 312 483 91 30 1.5 44.2 213 sc

V3301423 325 33.0 325 33.0 338 304 4 0.2 33.7 31.7 SS

V3401620 342 34.0 343 34.0 435 211 14 0.7 423 19.2 SS

V3701672 401 37.0 402 37.0 422 355 6 0.2 37.7 33.3 RS

V2950216 318 29.6 320 29.6 500 95 33 2.2 453 13.1 SC

V3501554 391 35.0 391 35.0 409 372 4 0.3 363 32.0 SS/R

V3701671 378 33.8 378 33.8 396 354 5 0.2 34.7 323 SS

V3701698 386 37.0 386 37.0 403 368 5 0.2 39.1 35.4 RS

TEST 320 28.1 324 283 500 115 49 3.4 39.2 12.2 SC

V2901016 292 29.0 304 29.2 500 33 83 3.7 403 11.1 SC

V3050116 324 30.4 326 30.6 500 59 41 2.8 41.4 13.6 SC

V3151142 350 31J 351 313 463 242 31 1.4 39.9 243 sc

V3201335 317 32.0 318 310 420 147 25 1.2 40.5 26.1 sc

V3301441 358 33.0 358 33.0 382 307 7 0.2 34.2 29.8 SS

V3301433 334 33.0 334 33.0 351 313 4 0.2 34.0 31.5 SS

V3401632 360 33.9 360 33.9 383 319 8 0.4 36.4 32.1 SS

V3601633 395 36.1 395 36.1 419 459 5 0.3 36.7 34.3 RS

V3501565 401 35.0 401 35.0 419 377 5 0.2 35.6 31.3 RS

V3201754 373 31.9 374 31.9 435 246 15 0.6 353 27.3 SC

V3151151 339 31.6 340 31.7 476 191 31 1.6 42.7 18.5 SC

V3301450 365 319 365 319 390 335 6 03 34.9 30.8 SS

V3301468 362 319 362 319 383 332 8 0.4 35.4 30.9 SS

V3401640 360 33.9 360 33.9 401 284 10 0.6 39.8 303 SS

V3501575 407 35.0 407 35.0 421 380 5 0.2 35.8 31.9 RS

V3601637 424 36.0 424 36.0 437 405 3 0.2 37.2 33.2 RS

V3701717 391 37.0 391 37.0 407 361 6 03 37.9 33.4 RS

V3701685 418 37.0 418 37.0 429 373 4 03 37.9 35.1 RS

V2950233 341 29.5 343 29.6 500 128 36 23 46.0 7.3 SC

V2901021 312 28.9 321 29.2 500 91 72 33 433 103 SC

V3051170 346 30J 348 30.6 500 211 38 2.2 39.0 153 SC

V3151160 339 31J 341 31.6 500 144 41 2.4 40.4 15.6 SC

V3201750 377 31.8 378 313 500 203 29 1.0 383 18.2 SC

V3301479 OJQ 319 349 319 388 297 11 0.7 37.1 28.0 SS

V3301761 384 33.0 384 33.0 431 356 9 0.4 35.1 30.8 SS

V3301461 353 33.0 353 33.0 483 243 19 1.1 423 253 SS

V3401774 399 34.0 399 34.0 415 369 5 03 353 31.1 SS

V3301766 384 33.1 384 33.1 438 350 9 0.4 35.4 30.8 sc

V3401784 413 33.9 413 33.9 426 385 5 0.2 35.2 32.4 SS

V3501586 412 35.0 412 35.1 431 375 9 0.4 36.9 30.7 SS

V3401665 374 35.9 374 35.9 472 263 18 1.0 413 30.1 SS

V3601645 435 36.1 435 36.1 464 402 8 03 38.0 34.5 RS

V3701695 431 37.0 431 37.0 443 413 4 03 383 35.0 RS

V2950244 330 29.6 335 29.9 500 122 59 4.0 50.0 11.0 sc

V2901028 327 28.9 338 29.3 500 97 85 4.7 50.0 10.6 sc

V3401792 422 34.0 422 34.0 441 394 6 03 353 32.4 sc

43
FILE CURRENT VOLTAGE CURRENT VOLTAGE CURRENT CURRENT CURRENT VOLTAGE VOLTAGE VOLTAGE TRANSFER

NAME MEAN MEAN RMS RMS MAX MIN SDEV SDEV MAX MIN MODE

V3501600 448 35.1 448 35.1 463 424 5 0.3 36.0 33.3 RS

V3401801 414 34.1 414 34.1 436 369 9 0.4 36.2 32.6 SS

19V32008 373J 31.4 374.0 31.6 477.1 301.3 22J 3.3 39.5 15.2 SC

19V33009 375.4 32.6 376.0 317 467.8 276.4 20.9 2.6 40.3 18.4 SC

19V34010 382.8 33.6 382.9 33.6 453.6 334.5 10.9 1.2 39.5 25.3 SC

19v35011 395.8 34.5 395.9 34.6 438.0 358.9 7.6 0.8 38.9 30.3 SC

19v36012 398J 35.4 398.4 35.4 418.0 377.4 5.8 0.6 37.9 34.1 RS

19V35513 402.7 35.0 402.7 35.0 424.3 378.9 6.4 0.7 38.3 33.1 RS

19V37014 409.9 36.4 410.0 36.4 427.2 385.3 5.3 OJ 38.5 35.2 RS

u
C. Data for Welds with 25-mm CTOD (Voltage in V and Current in A)

RLE CURRENT VOLTAGE CURRENT VOLTAGE CURRENT CURRENT CURRENT VOLTAGE VOLTAGE VOLTAGE TRANSFER

NAME MEAN MEAN RMS RMS MAX MIN SDEV SDEV MAX MIN MODE

V280040 187.4 28.0 188.7 28.0 356.4 0.0 21.9 0.5 35.0 193 GB

V285040 190.1 283 190.2 283 207.0 171.4 5.1 0.2 31.0 273 GB

V290040 188.7 29.1 189.4 29.1 255.4 143.1 15.5 0.2 330 273 GB

V295040 189J 293 190.8 293 3623 129.4 22.0 03 35.9 132 GB

V300040 195.9 30.0 196.2 30.0 225.6 156.7 10.7 0.2 30.9 283 GB

V305040 194J 303 195.6 303 242.2 82.0 20.6 03 35.0 28.9 GB

V310040 196.8 31.0 197.6 31.0 246.6 1443 183 0.2 31.8 293 GB

V315040 197J 31.6 1993 31.6 292.0 133.8 26.1 03 334 29.9 GB

V320040 208.2 32.0 209.8 32.0 261.7 1443 25.4 03 338 31.1 GB

V325040 203.9 323 207.4 323 309.6 1113 37.9 0.4 333 303 GB

V330040 2023 33.0 207.5 33.0 358.9 813 46.2 03 35.1 30.9 GB

V335040 204.1 33.6 2073 33.6 3203 116.2 37.0 0.4 363 31.0 GB

V340040 210.7 34.0 2153 34.0 329.1 74.2 45.1 03 353 31.7 GB

V290043 1993 29.1 201.7 29.1 496.1 0.0 30.0 0.7 37.0 13.6 GB

V295043 200.4 293 200.6 293 242.2 149.9 9.0 03 313 26.9 GB

V300043 199.9 30.1 200.4 30.1 285.2 101.1 13.1 03 34.2 25.7 GB

V305043 208.0 30.4 208.7 30.4 3333 129.9 17.8 03 35.0 26.4 GB

V310043 2053 31.1 206.4 31.1 351.1 135.7 213 03 331 283 GB

V315043 200.0 313 205.2 313 4993 0.0 453 03 36.4 130 GB

V320043 203.7 32.1 205.1 32.1 294.4 122.1 24.2 0.4 37.9 30.2 DS

V325043 214.6 323 215.8 323 2803 121.1 22.7 03 33.7 31.2 DS

V290045 214.7 29.1 2143 29.1 240.2 1883 43 0.2 30.0 28.1 GB

V295045 211.6 293 211.6 293 225.6 181.6 5.0 0.2 313 2&4 DS

V30004S 2133 30.0 213.9 30.0 226.6 1973 4.2 0.2 31.2 29.1 DS

V305045 215.7 303 215.8 303 232.9 1953 43 0.2 313 29.2 DS

V310045 218.0 31.1 218.1 31.1 231.4 199.2 43 0.2 332 30.4 DS

V315045 221.6 313 221.7 313 232.4 201.2 4.2 0.2 323 31.1 DS

V320045 219.2 32.1 219.9 32.1 3203 130.4 173 0.4 34.0 29.4 DS

V325045 224.8 32.6 225.4 3Z6 311.0 143.6 17.0 0.4 34.8 30.8 DS

V330045 224.9 33.0 225.2 33.0 317.9 138.7 123 03 34.7 31.4 DS

V335045 231.1 33.6 231.2 33.6 2493 188.0 83 03 343 332 DS

V340045 230.6 34.0 230.9 34.0 2573 1563 10.9 0.4 35.7 337 DS

V345045 2443 34.4 244.9 34.4 265.1 2213 63 0.2 35.4 333 DS

V350045 2433 35.0 243.4 35.0 265.6 2143 6.6 0.2 35.7 34.2 DS

V285048 204.1 28.6 204.6 28.6 421.4 103.0 143 03 363 18.8 GB

V290048 203.9 29.1 204.6 29.1 414.6 125.0 17.2 0.6 430 25.0 GB

V295048 2073 29.6 2073 29.6 243.7 162.1 83 03 31.7 25.1 DS

V300048 211.0 30.1 2113 30.1 323.7 118.2 153 0.4 33.7 26.1 DS

V280050 217.4 28.0 217.6 28.0 2933 157.2 8.2 03 35.6 138 GB

V285050 218.7 283 218.7 283 2363 1943 5.7 03 293 27.0 GB

V290050 221.6 29.0 221.6 29.0 2373 204.1 4.7 0.2 29.9 27.7 DS

V295050 221.7 293 2213 293 2383 198.7 53 03 303 28.7 DS

V300050 231.0 30.1 231.0 30.1 247.1 203.6 4.0 0.2 31.0 293 DS

V305050 2363 30.6 236.6 30.6 253.4 220.7 33 0.2 31.6 293 DS

V310050 2373 31.0 237.9 31.0 2513 224.1 3.9 0.2 31.9 28.9 DS

V315050 236.0 313 236.0 313 248.0 204.6 3.7 0.2 332 30.7 DS

V320050 239.7 32.0 239.7 32.0 253.9 224.1 43 03 323 29.9 DS

V325050 252.9 323 253.0 323 268.6 209.0 4.9 0.2 343 30.9 DS

V330050 254.7 33.1 254.7 33.1 269.0 231.9 4.7 0.2 33.9 313 DS

V335050 259.1 333 259.2 333 2793 233.9 5.0 03 343 31.9 DS

V340050 256.8 34.0 256.9 34.0 274.4 2163 53 0.2 35.4 313 DS

V345050 258.0 343 258.1 343 2783 204.6 63 03 35.4 313 DS

V350050 258.1 35.0 2583 35.0 2793 234.4 63 0.2 35.9 333 DS

V355050 269.7 353 2693 353 295.4 231.4 6.2 0.2 38.1 333 DS

45
FILE CURREhfT VOLTAGE CURRENT VOLTAGE CURRENT CURRENT CURRENT VOLTAGE VOLTAGE VOLTAGE TRANSFER

NAME MEAN MEAN RMS RMS MAX MIN SDEV SDEV MAX MIN MODE

V360050 279.6 36.0 279.7 36.0 296.4 2503 4.8 0.2 38.9 34.1 DS

V290053 226.8 29.0 227.3 29.0 348.1 161.6 15.4 0.5 34.0 26.2 GB

V295053 224.5 29.6 224.6 29.6 271.0 1553 9.0 0.4 314 273 DS

V300053 225.2 30.1 2253 30.1 247.1 202.1 6.2 03 31.2 28.2 DS

V305053 233.8 303 233.9 303 2539 211.9 6.1 0.2 31.4 29.5 DS

V310053 236.7 31.1 236.7 31.1 2493 212.9 4.8 0.2 310 30.1 DS

V290055 227.2 29.0 2283 29.1 4993 413 24.6 1.7 41.4 143 SC

V295055 231.2 293 231.4 293 266.1 199.2 8.8 0.5 38.2 243 SC

V300055 244.4 30.0 2443 30.0 294.9 190.4 73 0.4 38.4 24.3 SC

V305055 243.4 30.4 2433 30.4 265.6 209.0 7.0 03 311 29.4 SS

V310055 239.1 31.1 239.2 31.1 267.6 201.2 7.0 03 312 29.4 SS

V315055 243.2 31.4 2433 313 259.8 2163 6.6 03 316 30.4 SS

V320055 245.8 32.0 245.9 330 267.1 203.6 8.2 03 333 30.4 SS

V325055 257.8 323 257.9 323 276.4 226.1 6.9 0.2 33.4 31.3 SS

V330055 2593 33.0 259.4 33.0 275.9 231.4 6.4 0.2 34.2 31.9 SS

V370055 2753 36.0 275.6 36.0 2983 247.6 6.7 0.2 37.8 34.1 SS

V280060 2423 28.0 243.8 28.1 499.5 3Z2 24.7 1.8 416 13.8 sc

V285060 248.2 283 248.7 28.6 3613 190.4 15.9 0.9 40.9 173 sc

V290060 2483 29.0 248.7 29.0 300.8 1%3 8.6 03 38.3 253 sc

V295060 258.4 293 2583 29.5 3133 207.0 6.8 0.3 333 28.0 SS

V300060 259.7 30.1 259.7 30.1 295.4 222.2 6.2 03 33.2 28.4 SS

V30S060 2623 303 2623 303 281.7 234.9 5.7 0.2 312 29.0 SS

V310060 260.4 31.1 2603 31.1 2773 211.9 63 03 33.2 27.2 SS

V315060 264.1 313 264.2 313 284.7 230.0 5.7 0.2 319 293 SS

V320060 273.4 32.0 273.4 330 288.6 235.8 4.6 0.2 33.6 30.2 SS

V32S060 281.4 323 2813 323 293.9 262.2 3.9 0.2 333 28.7 SS

V330060 2813 33.0 2813 33.0 295.9 263.2 3.7 0.2 34.1 303 SS

V335060 283.1 333 283.1 333 295.4 260.7 4.0 0.2 35.1 312 SS

V340060 2319 34.1 233.1 34.1 2739 189.0 11.0 03 36.0 312 SS

V345060 243.9 343 244.1 343 266.1 192.9 9.1 03 36.7 318 SS

V350060 246.7 35.0 2463 35.0 265.6 204.6 8.7 03 36.7 333 SS

V355060 2483 35.6 248.7 35.6 2713 207.5 93 0.4 363 34.5 SS

V360060 248.9 36.0 249.1 36.0 2713 1973 8.9 03 373 34.4 SS

V280065 260.0 28.0 262.1 28.1 4993 %.7 32.9 2.1 38.9 14.6 sc

V28506S 262.0 283 264.0 28.6 4993 513 31.9 13 40.7 13.7 sc

V290065 262.0 29.0 263.2 29.1 4643 1473 25.9 1.6 39.4 15.1 sc

V295065 268.2 293 269.1 293 356.9 203.6 213 1.0 37.9 21.8 sc

V300065 265.2 30.0 265.9 30.0 335.9 170.9 18.9 1.0 37.2 18.7 SS

V305065 2663 30.6 266.7 30.6 338.9 161.6 143 03 36.9 203 SS

V310065 276.7 31.0 2763 31.0 309.1 1853 7.1 0.4 40.0 27.4 SS

V315065 278.2 313 278.2 313 307.1 251.0 5.1 03 318 30.2 SS

V320065 278.1 32.0 2783 330 309.1 252.9 5.9 03 33.0 28.1 SS

V325065 279.9 32.6 279.9 336 2983 2573 5.2 0.2 34.0 30.1 SS

v3300^ 2823 33.0 282.9 33.0 2983 2573 5.4 03 33.9 31.6 SS

V335065 289.0 333 289.0 333 304.2 267.1 4.9 0.2 34.7 311 SS

V340065 2923 34.1 2923 34.1 304.7 2563 4.7 0.2 35.1 314 SS

V345065 2933 343 293.4 343 310.1 2573 5.1 0.2 35.4 311 SS

V350065 300.1 3S.0 300.1 35.0 3193 2803 4.6 0.2 35.8 33.9 SS

V355065 3163 353 3163 353 3393 297.9 63 0.2 363 343 SS

V360065 3103 36.0 3103 36.0 330.1 284.7 4.7 0.2 363 35.0 RS

V365065 310.7 363 3103 363 3193 2964 3.4 0.2 373 33.2 RS

V370065 321.6 37.0 321.6 37.0 3369 2993 43 0.2 393 34.8 RS

V280070 239.9 28.0 249.1 28.2 4993 1333 67.0 3.7 414 10.9 sc

V285070 242.1 28.6 249.7 2BA 4993 303 603 33 433 11.7 sc

V290070 2393 29.1 245.7 293 4993 37.1 533 33 43.1 11.8 sc

V295070 2403 293 246.9 293 4993 713 54.7 3.7 44.1 11.6 sc

V300070 2413 30.0 2473 30.2 4993 41.0 51.9 33 433 110 sc

V305070 2463 30.4 249.8 30.6 4993 61.0 42.1 17 43.4 119 SS

46
FILE CURRENT VOLTAGE CURRENT VOLTAGE CURRENT CURRENT CURRENT VOLTAGE VOLTAGE VOLTAGE TRANSFER

NAME MEAN MEAN RMS RMS MAX MIN SDEV SDEV MAX MIN MODE

V310070 246.0 31.0 249.2 31.1 4993 73.7 39.8 16 43.6 119 SS

V315070 242.6 31.4 246.4 31.6 4993 59.1 43.2 3.1 43.7 14.1 SS

V320070 240.0 32.2 246.6 334 499.5 58.1 56.7 33 463 13.9 SS

V325070 247.8 32.6 250.2 337 4993 59.1 34.7 11 43.8 111 SS

V330070 256.6 33.2 257.6 33.2 4993 121.1 217 13 43.9 153 SS

V335070 257.0 333 257.9 333 485.4 76.2 21.7 1.2 44.2 19.1 SS

V340070 260.7 34.1 261.1 34.1 348.1 1973 14.2 0.6 403 28.9 SS

V345070 2S8J 34.6 2583 34.6 3333 1973 118 0.6 38.7 313 SS

V350070 266.0 35.0 266.2 35.0 295.4 222.7 9.3 0.4 37.4 33.1 SS

V355070 278J 353 278.6 353 296.9 230.0 7.6 0.4 37.0 33.0 SS

V360070 2763 36.1 2763 36.1 295.9 2363 8.4 0.4 38.1 34.4 SS

V365070 275.2 363 275.4 363 295.4 224.6 9.1 0.4 38.7 33.9 RS

V370070 278.2 37.0 2783 37.0 3013 2303 7.9 0.4 383 353 RS

V345075 323.2 34.6 3233 34.6 336.9 284.2 53 03 35.9 33.4 SS

V350075 324.8 35.1 324.9 35.1 344.2 275.9 8.1 03 36.2 34.1 SS

V355075 326J 353 326.6 353 344.2 290.0 6.6 03 36.6 343 SS

V360075 338.9 36.0 339.0 36.0 352.1 317.9 5.0 03 373 33.6 RS

V365075 346.6 363 346.6 363 361.8 307.1 5.6 03 37.7 353 RS

V370075 348.1 37.1 348.1 37.1 366.7 327.6 4.8 03 38.0 35.9 RS

V290080 294.0 29.1 2953 29.2 4993 60.1 303 23 40.1 133 SC

V295080 304.9 293 3053 29.6 4993 168.0 218 1.6 403 16.2 SC

V300060 311J 30.1 311.6 30.1 430.7 211.9 13.7 1.0 37.2 183 SC

V305060 311.4 30.4 311.6 30.4 414.6 269.0 10.0 0.6 363 253 SC

V310060 321.7 31.0 321.7 31.0 345.7 2923 5.7 0.2 317 293 SC

V315060 320.7 313 320.7 313 335.0 2773 63 03 34.0 28.4 SS

V320080 324.6 3Zl 324.7 3Z1 339.4 296.4 5.1 0.2 333 30.9 SS

V32S060 334J 323 3343 323 344.2 314.9 4.2 0.2 333 313 SS

V33OO0O 335.2 33.0 335.2 33.0 350.6 3183 4.7 0.2 33.7 31.6 SS

V335080 337J 333 3373 333 351.1 308.6 4.2 0.2 35.1 312 SS

V340080 340.6 34.1 340.6 34.1 351.1 324.2 3.7 0.2 343 318 SS

V345080 350J 343 3503 343 364.7 3233 3.4 0.2 353 333 SS V350080 357.4 35.0 3573 35.0 376.0 338.4 4.1 0.2 353 33.6 RS

V355060 353.4 353 353.4 353 3643 337.4 3.7 0.2 363 34.2 RS

V345085 3413 343 341.4 343 359.9 2983 73 03 363 318 RS

V350085 3523 35.1 352.9 35.1 370.1 3203 6.7 03 373 34.0 RS

V355085 3533 353 3533 353 369.1 314.0 53 03 36.7 331 RS

V360065 357.6 36.0 357.7 36.0 3833 333.0 4.9 03 37.0 333 RS

V365065 355.4 363 355.4 363 37Z1 3203 53 0.4 37.6 34.7 RS

V370085 3583 37.0 358.4 37.0 379.9 3333 53 0.4 38.4 356 RS

V290090 309.9 29.0 311.0 29.1 4993 164.1 26.1 23 413 14.6 SC

V295090 3173 29.6 319.0 29.7 4993 1963 33.0 3.0 413 143 sc

V300090 310.6 29.9 3133 30.1 4993 129.4 413 3.2 410 14.6 sc

V305090 3153 30.6 317.6 30.8 4993 1313 36.7 3.0 41.4 118 sc

V310090 331.2 30.9 331.4 30.9 392.6 239.7 11.0 0.7 38.1 26.6 sc

V315090 334.1 313 3343 313 359.9 285.2 8.6 03 35.4 296 SS

V320090 338.2 32.0 338.4 32.0 377.4 285.2 11.0 0.6 38.9 28.7 SS V325090 3443 323 344.9 323 369.6 307.6 7.4 03 35.9 30.1 SS V330090 3443 33.0 344.9 33.0 365.2 310.1 7.1 0.4 35.7 31.4 SS V335090 349.0 333 349.1 333 3643 315.9 6.1 03 353 313 SS V340090 3613 34.0 361.9 34.0 380.9 336.4 5.0 03 36.1 30.9 SS V345090 3783 343 3783 343 392.1 349.6 43 03 363 31.7 SS V350090 380.2 35.0 380.2 35.0 3943 3433 4.9 03 36.7 31.7 SS V355090 3693 35.6 3693 35.6 3823 350.1 4.2 03 363 334 RS

V360090 3723 36.0 3723 36.0 3853 3511 4.1 03 36.9 334 RS

V350095 3643 35.0 3643 35.0 3813 3313 6.9 0.4 37.4 336 Si

V355095 3673 353 3673 353 386.7 325.7 6.9 0.4 38.1 318 RS

V36009S 363.2 36.0 3633 36.0 378.9 3343 6.4 0.4 383 34.7 RS

V365095 3753 363 375.6 363 390.6 350.1 6.0 0.4 383 356 RS

47
RLE CURRENT VOLTAGE CURRENT VOLTAGE CURRENT CURRENT CURRENT VOLTAGE VOLTAGE VOLTAGE TRANSFER

NAME MEAN MEAN RMS RMS MAX MIN SDEV SDEV MAX MIN MODE

V370095 383.7 37.0 383.8 37.0 401.4 351.1 6.0 0.4 383 35.0 RS

V370095 383.7 37.0 383.8 37.0 401.4 351.1 6.0 0.4 383 35.0 RS

V300100 339.2 30.1 341.1 30.2 499J 1653 36.1 3.1 40.7 13.1 SC

V305100 340J 303 3413 30.6 499J 205.6 26.7 2.2 40.8 16.1 SC

V310100 345.0 31.0 345.3 31.0 427.7 2173 13.6 1.1 4Z1 233 SC

V315100 348.8 31.6 349.2 31.6 499J 2153 15.2 1.1 39.4 20.0 SC

V320100 354.7 31.9 355.1 32.0 477.1 181.2 18.0 13 41.7 18.1 SS

V325100 360.6 3Z4 360.8 32.4 431.2 3003 123 08 37.0 188 ss V330100 364.8 33.1 365.2 33.1 441.9 273.4 173 1.0 39.5 258 SS

V335100 36Z5 333 362.6 33.6 394.0 317.4 10.6 0.7 38.7 30.7 ss V340100 373.2 34.0 3733 34.0 396.4 346.7 8.1 0.6 36.7 32.2 ss V345100 373.2 343 373.2 34.6 391.1 3403 6.8 0.4 368 32.6 ss V350100 373.0 35.0 373.1 35.0 393.1 335.9 5.6 0.4 37.1 31.1 ss V355100 382.4 35.4 3823 35.4 397.0 337.4 4.9 0.4 37.6 33.5 ss V360100 3943 36.0 3943 36.0 409.2 371.1 5.1 0.4 38.0 34.1 ss 25v31016 339.4 30.4 340.4 30.7 459.0 270.0 263 3.9 403 16.1 sc

25v32017 3403 313 341.1 31.7 426.8 267.6 233 3.6 403 17.8 sc

25v33018 3483 32.6 348.7 32.7 437J 284.2 18.1 2.4 40.6 198 sc

25v34019 3473 33.6 348.1 33.6 408.2 288.6 13.0 1.6 39.8 24.1 sc

25v35020 358.4 34.5 3583 34.5 412.6 318.4 83 0.9 39.6 30.9 RS

25v34S21 357.0 34.0 357.1 34.0 410.2 2913 83 0.9 39.1 25.4 RS

2Sv36022 362.7 353 362.7 35J 3833 335.0 53 03 383 34.0 RS

25v37023 378.9 363 379.0 36J 400.4 359.9 4.9 0.4 383 35.6 RS

Jun

13,

2016