### REVISED DECEMBER 12, 2002

ApPENDIX

## E-2. S02 PSD NETTING ANALYSIS

This section describes the procedure for PSD netting and details the netting results for S02' Table EI describes the common abbreviations used in this section and Table &2 presents several common conversion factors. TABLE 

### E-l. COMMON ABBREVIATIONS DEFINED


### Abbreviation Definition 

### Btu/scf British thermal units per standard cubic feet hr/yr hours peryear kg kilograms lb/hr pounds per hour lb/ton pounds per short ton IblMMscf pounds per million standard cubic feet MMBtuJhr million British thermal units perhour mt metric tons mtpd metric tons per day mtph metric tons perhour Nm3 

### standard cubic meters Nm3

### /hr standard cubic meters perhour ppm parts per million st shorttons stpd short tons per day tpy short tons per year
TABLE 

### E-2. COMMON CONVERSION FACTORS 

### 2,0001b 1 st 1 mt 1.1 st 2.21b lkg 1 day 24 hours 8,760 hrs = 

### 1 year 365 days 1 year

GCC Dacotah E-1 

### Trinity ConsultantsREVISED DECEMBER 

### 12, 2002



## 1.1 PSD NETTING PROCEDURE This section outlines the procedure for determining the net emissions change for SO" The procedure is based on the suggested emissions netting procedure in the Draft EPA New Source Review (NSR) Workshop Manual for PSD and nonattainment area permitting.1 

### A six-step procedure is used for determining the net emissions change as summarized below:
I. Determine the emissions increases from the proposed project? 2. Determine the beginning and ending dates ofthe contemporaneous period as it relates to the proposed modification. 3. Determine which emissions units at the source experienced (or will experience, including any proposed decreases resulting from the proposed project) 

### a creditable increase or decrease in emissions during the contemporaneous period. 

### 4. Determine which emissions changes are creditable. 

### S. Determine, on a poJJutant-by-poJJutantbasis, the amount ofeach contemporaneous and creditable emissions increase and decrease. 6. Sum a]] contemporaneous and creditable increases and decreases with the increase from the proposed modification to determine ifa significant net emissions increase wiJJ occur. Each ofthe netting procedure steps is further elaborated in the fo]]owing subsections. 1.1.1 EMISSIONS INCREASES FROM THE PROPOSED PROJECT 

### In this step, the emissions increases from the proposed project are computed on a po]]utant-by-po]]utantbasis. These increases include both emissions thatresult from a physical modification to a source and emissions from sources associated with the physicaJJy modified sources. A PSD review applies only to those regulated po]]utants with

. a significant emissions increase from proposed modification; emission decreases are not

considered at this step. The computed emissions increase is compared to the PSD significance level shown inTable E-3, and a PSD review is required ifthe proposed project wi]] result in a significant emissions increase (i.e., an emissions increase in excess ofthe, PSD significance level). TABLE E-3. PSD SIGNIFICANCE LEVEL FOR S02

Pollutant PSD Significance Level 

### (tpy) SO" . 40

1 EPA, Office ofAir Quality Planning and Standards, New Source Review Workshop Manual: Prevention of Significant Deterioration andNonatlainmentArea Permilling, DRAFT, October J990. 2 This is aretroactive PSD application and thus, a majority ofthe "proposed" project has already been constructed, 

### GCC Dacotah E-2 Trinity ConsultantsREVISED DECEMBER 

### 12, 2002

1.1.2 CONTEMPORANEOUS PERIOD 

### The contemporaneous period begins on the date five years priorto construction commencing. The period ends on the date the emissions increase from the propCEed modification occurs. For this project, the contemporaneous period begins September 1989 and ends in 1996. 1.1.3 EMISSIONS INCREASES AND DECREASES DURING THE CONTEMPORANEOUS PERIOD 

### Creditable emissions increases within the contemporaneous period are associated with a physical change or change in the method ofoperation at a source which did not require a PSD permit. Decreases are associated with a physical change or change in the method of operation that are creditable, orreductions in actual emissions from a federally-enforceable emission limit. Once the decrease has been made federally-enforceable, any proposed increase above the federally-enforceable level must constitute aphysical change or change in the method ofoperation at the source orthe reduction is not considered creditable. 1.1.4 CREDITABLE EMISSIONS CHANGES 

### An 

### increase or decrease is creditable only ifthe relevant reviewing authority has notrelied upon it in previously issuing a PSD permit and the permit is in effect when the increase from the proposed modification occurs. Forpollutants with PSD increments, an increase or decrease in actual emissions which occurs before the baseline date in an area is creditable only ifit would be considered in calculating how much ofan increment remains available for the pollutant in question. A decrease is creditable only to the extent that it is federally-enforceable from the moment that the actual construction begins on the proposed modification to the source. The decrease must occurbefore the propored emissions increase occurs. A source cannottake credit for a decrease that ithas had to make, or will have to make, in orderto bring an emissions unit into compliance. Furthermore, a source cannot take credit for an emission reduction from potential emissions from an emissions unit which was permitted, but neverbuilt or operated. 

### 1.1.5 AMOUNT OF THE EMISSIONS INCREASE AND DECREASE 

### An 

### emissions increase or decrease is the difference between the new level ofactual emissions at the emissions unit and the old level. The new "actual emissions" level is the lower ofthe unit's "potential" or "allowable" emissions after the modification. The old level is calculated from the unit's actual operating data from a two-yearperiod which directly preceded the physical change. 1.1.6 PSD REVIEW 

### The proposed project is subjectto PSD review for each regulated pollutant for which the sum ofall creditable emissions increases and decreases results in a significantnet emissions increase. However, additional prospective and creditable emissions reductions sufficient to provide for a less than significant net emissions increase at the source may be proposed to avoid PSD review.
GCC Dacotah E-3 Trinity Consultants

### REVISED DECEMBER 12, 2002


## 1.2 

## S02 EMISSIONS NETTING
1.2.1 SOz MATERIAL BALANCE METHOD 

### A material balance method is used to quantify both the post-modification and premodification S02 emission rates. The material balance method was prepared by 

### F L Smidth, the kiln vendor, based on their knowledge ofthe Kiln No.6 system at 

### GCe Dacotah. Due to the inherent variability ofS02 emissions from the pyroprocessing process, it is believed that the material balance method based on the sulfur input and output can provide more representative emission rates than stack testing results, which only reflect instantaneous emission rates. In this emissions netting analysis, only emissions from sources that are modified or are associated with a modification are considered. Thus, emissions from the Kiln No.6 main stack, the alkali by-pass stack, and the coal mill/dryer are analyzed, whereas emissions from Kiln Nos. 

### 4 and 

### 5 are not considered. Sulfur input to a pyroprocessing system includes sulfur in the kiln feed and the fuel coal, while sulfur output includes sulfur in the preheaterexit gas (as S02), the alkali by-pass gas (as S02), the alkali by-pass dust, and the clinker. Figure I 

### shows the input and output of sulfur in the pyroprocessing system. The sulfur material balance method is used to quantifY the pre-modification past actual sulfur output content and the post-modification potential sulfur output content in the preheater 

### (PH) exit gas ofKiln No.6. The resultant sulfur output contents in 

### the PH exit gas are used to derive the corresponding S02 emissions rates for the kiln main stack, the coal mill/dryer stack, and the alkali by-pass stack.



### PH exit gas Kiln feed By-pass gas By-pass dust Coal Clinker

FIGURE 

### 1. SULFUR BALANCE IN PYROPROCESSING SYSTEM 

### Each process variable ofsulfur material balance method is calculated using the following equations: 

### I. Input sulfur content in kiln feed 

### = Kiln feed rate in 

### kg x 

### Pyritic sulfur (SO3)

### in kg x 32.06 

### kg ofS

I

### kg ofclinker 1kg ofkiln feed 80.06

### kg ofSO 3 1,000

### kg ofclinker x mt 

### ofclinker Sulfurin kg mt 

### ofclin ker GCCDacotah E-4 

### Trinity Consultants

### REVISED DECEMBER 12, 2002

2. Input sulfur content in coal = Coal feed rate in mtph 24 hrs Sulfur in kg 1,000 kg of clinker _--::-:.,-,- --'-_ x

__x x -'--_-"-

_ Clinker in mtpd day I kg ofcoal feed mt of clinker 

### 3. Output sulfur content in alkali by-pass gas = Sulfur in kg mt of clinker

SO, in ppm flow ratein Nm' /hr 24 hrs mt 64.06 kg ofSO, 32.06 kg of S 1,000kg --'---'=-:- x x -- x x - x x --'---"- 106 Clinkcrin mtpd day 1,000kg 22.4 Nm3ofS02 64.06 kg ofSO, mt 

### 4. Output sulfur content in alkali by-pass dust

## = Sin kg mt of c1inker

Bypassdustin mtph 24hrs S03 in kg 32.06kg ofS x 1,000kg of clinker x -- x x -:-:---:--:-c---"-:--=-::-- Clinkerin mtpd day Ikg ofbypass dust 80.06kg ofS03 mt of clinker



### 5. Output sulfur content in clinker

## = Sin kg mt ofclinker

Pyritic sulfur (S03) in kg x 32.06kg ofS Ikg ofclinker 80.06 kg of S03 1,000kg ofclinker x --'---=----- mt ofclinker Sulfurinkg mt ofclinker 

### 6. Output sulfur content in PH gas exit gas in kg ofsulfurpermetric tons ofclinker

## = Input sulfur in {kiln feed +coal}

- Output sulfur in {by-pass gas + by-pass dust + clinker} 

### 7. S02 in PH exit gas (lblhr) 

## = Sulfurin kg 64.06 kg ofSO, 1mt ofc1inker 2.21b day D'I l' k d" ----"'-x x x--x--x alycm erpro uctlOnmst mt of clinker 32.06kg ofS 1.1 st ofc1inker !kg 24hrs 

### 8. S02 in PH exit gas (tpy) 

## = Ib ofSO, hrs ton ofSO, ---"-x
-- x -----"--- hr year 2,000 Ib ofSO 2 

### Based on the past experience with the Kiln No.6 system, S02 emissions from the alkali bypass stack is estimated as 6% ofS02 in the PH exit gas. Before modification, all the PH exit gas was routed to the main stack inline with the raw mill. After the modification, 80% ofthe PH exit gas is routed to the main stack inline with raw mill and 20% ofthe PH exit gas is routed to the coal mill/dryer to provide heat for the coal-drying process.

GCC Dacotah E-5 

### Trinity Consultants

### 1.2.2 REVISED DECEMBER 

### 12, 2002

SULFUR INPUT AND OUTPUT PARAMETER VALUES 

### 1.2.2.1 PARAMETER VALUES FOR POST-MoDIFICATlON POTENTIAL EMISSIONS 

### Table E-4 shows the parameter values for material b'alance calculations after modification. TABLE E-4. SULFUR PARAMETERS USED IN POST-MODIFICATION POTENTIAL EMISSIONS
Vari:lbles Sulfur Content Parameters S03(%) S (0;(,) SO, (ppm) Operating rate' Sulfur Input Kiln feed 0.40'


### -- 

## -- 1.53 kg kiln feedlkg ofclinker Coal 

# -- 0.60' 

# -- 11.29 mtph Sulfur Output By-pass gas 

### -- 

## -- 100' 4,200 Nm' dry gaslhr By-pass dust 7.00' 

## -- -- 1.32 mtph Clinker 0.51' 

# -- -- 2,041 mtpd (2250 stpd)
1. The sulfur contents in the kiln feed (mainly from pyritic shale), coal, alkali by-pass dusl, and clinker are based on hislOrical analytical tests performed at Gee Dacotah facility. 2 FL Smidth**ba.~ed** on theinechnical experience with GCe Dacolah facility provided SO2concentration in alkali by-pass gas stream 3 The operating rates are estimated by FL Smidth 

### Calculations for the input and outputvariables to calculate post-modification potential S02 emissions are shown below:
INPUT SULFUR CONTENT IN KILN FEED

## = 1.53 kg ofkiln feed 0.004kg ofSO 3

__ 32_._06,-k..."g"",o,-f_S_ 1,000kg ofclinker --,-"'----- x x x-'---":---:-:--,--- Ikg ofclinker Ikg ofkiln feed 80.06kg ofSO, mt ofclinker
INPUT SULFUR CONTENT IN COAL = 2.4508 kg ofS mt ofclinker

11.29 mtph ofcoal x 24 hrs x 0.006 kg ofS x 1,000 kg of clinker 2,041 mtpd ofclinker day I kg ofcoal feed mt of clinker 0.7965 kg ofS mt of clinker OUTPUT SULFUR CONTENT IN ALKALI BY-PASS GAS 

## = 100ppmofSO, 4,200Nm3fhr 24hrs mt 64.06 kg ofSO, 32.06kgofS 1,000kg 

### ---'-'--,....--=-- x x--x x x x '- 10· 2,041mtpdofclinker day 1,000kg 22.4Nm3 0fSO, 64.06kgofS0 2 mt OUTPUT SULFUR Cm,TENT IN ALKALT BY-PASS DUST = 0.0071 kg ofS mt ofclinker

_...,I_.3_2_m_tp-'-,h,------,of_d."u_s_t

_ 24hrs 0.07 kg ofSO,

__**3_2._0_6-'k~::._**."of."S_ x 1,000kg of din ker

x--x . x 2,041 mtpd ofclinker day 1kg ofdust 80.06 kg ofSO 3 mt of clin ker 0.4351 kg ofS mt of clin ker



### GCC Dacotah E-G 

### Trinity ConsultantsREVISED DECEMBER 

### 12, 2002

OUTPUT SULFUR COI'\TEI'\T IN CLINKER = 0.0051 kg ofSO, 32.06kg ofS 1,000kg ofclinker ------'''----''-. x ---"'----,-- x --'----'='---,---

1kg ofclinker 80.06 kg ofSO, mt ofclinker 2.0444 kg ofS mt ofclinker
OUTPUT SULFUR CONTENT IN PH EXIT GAS



### = 2.4508 + 0.7965

- 0.0071

- 0.4351- 2.0444



### = 0.7607 _k-:g:....o_f_S_ mt of clinker 1.2.2.2 PARAMETER VALUES FOR PRE-MoDIFICATION PAST ACTUAL EMISSIONS 

### Table E-5 shows the parameters for sulfur input and output to calculate sulfur contentper metric tons ofclinker prior to the proposed modification. TABLE E-5. SULFUR PARAMETERS USED IN PAST ACTUAL (PRE-MODIFICATION) EMISSIONS

I. FL Smldth based on their technical experience withGee Dacotah faclhty provided SO concentration m alkali by-pass gas stream. 2 2. The operating rates are obtained from pre-modification audits perfonned by FL Smidth. 3. The daily clinkerproduction rate (1,500 stpd) is estimated based on 1993 and 1994 production rate. Variables Sulfur Content Parameters

. S03 (%) S(%) S02 (ppm) Operating rate2 Sulfur Input Kiln feed 0.40 

# -- -- 1.583 kg kiln feedlkg ofclinker Coal 

# -- 0.60 

# -- 8.89 mtph Sulfur Output By-pass gas 

# -- -- 100' 5,600 Nm3dry gaslhr By-pass dust 5.61 

# -- -- 2.15 mtph Clinker 0.45 

# -- -- 1,360 mtpd (1,500 stpd)'

. ..



### Calculations for the input and output variables to calculate past actual 

### 802 

### emissions are shown below:
INPUT SULFUR COI'\TENT IN KILN FEED = 

### 1.583 kg ofkiln feed x 0.004 kg of

### 80, x 32.06 kg of 

### 8 1kg ofclinker 1kg ofkiln feed 80.06 

### kg of 

### 80, 1,000kg ofclinker 2.5356kg of8 x**=-~--=---** 

### mt of clinker mt ofclinker
INPUT SULFUR COI'\TEI'\T IN COAL

## = 8.89 mtph ofcoal 24 hrs 0.006**k~** ofS 1,000kg of coal 0.9413 h ofS ----'-----x

-- x - x 

## =- 1,360mtpd ofclinker day 1kg ofcoalfeed mt of coal mt of clinker



### GCC Dacotah E-7 

### Trinity ConsultantsREVISED DECEMBER 

### 12, 2002

OUTPUT SULFUR CONTE1'iT I1'i ALKALI BY-PASS GAS 

## = 100ppmofSO 2 5,600 Nm' /hr 24hrs mt 64.06 kg ofSO 2 32.06 kg of S 1,000kg ---'-'---,----'- x x -- x x - x - x -'--""- 10' 1,360mtpdofclinker day 1,000kg 22.4 Nrn 3 ofSO, 64.06 kg ofSO, mt OUTPUT SULFUR CONTENT IN ALKALI BY-PASS DUST

## = 2.15mtphofdust 24hrs 0.056IkgofSO, 32.06kgofS 1,000kgofdust 0.85lSkgofS -----'----- x -- x - x x- 1,360mtpd day 1kg ofdust SO.06 kg of SO, mt of dust mt of clinker
OUTPUT SULFUR CONTENT [N CLINKER

## = 0.0141kgofS mt of clinker

0.0045 kg ofSO, x_3_2._0_6_k""g_0_f..,..S_ x 1,000 kg of clinker

1kg ofclinker 80.06 kg ofSO, mt ofclinker I.S020kg ofS mt of clinker

OUTPUT SULFUR CONTENT IN 

### PH EXIT GAS



### = 2.5356 

### + 0.9413

- 0.0141

- 0.851S

- 1.8020



### =0.S090 _k-"g:-o_f_S_ mt of clinker 

### 1.2.3 S02 EMISSION RATES 

### To estimate potential S02 emissions from the Kiln No.6 main stack, the alkali bypass stack, and the coal mill/dryer stack, the corresponding sulfur output content in the PH exit gas and the proposed yearly clinkerproduction value of763762.5 stpy are used. The past actual emissions from the Kiln No.6 main stack and the alkali by-pass stack are determined using the corresponding output sulfurcontent from PH exit gas and the average daily clinkerproductions and operating hours from 1993 and 1994, the two years prior to the Kiln No.6 modification. The average daily clinkerproduction in these two years is estimated to be 1,500 stpd. Since the coal mill/dryerunit did not exist as a separate emission source at that time, it had zero actual emissions during 1993 and 1994. 

### 1.2.3.1 KILN 

### No.6 MAIN STACK (SOURCE 

### 9)

POST-MODIFICATION POTENTIAL TO EMIT 

### As sho\Vl1 in previous section. the post-modification output sulfur content in the PH exit gas is 0.7607 kg ofsulfurpermetric ton ofclinker. Tne output sulfur content from the PH exit gas is converted to a tpy emission rate using the clinkerproduction rate of763,762.5 stpy:



## Gee Dacotah E-S 

### Trinity Consultants

### REVISED DECEMBER 12,2002

0.7607 kg ofS 64.06 kg of SO, 1mt of clinker 2.21b ton ---"'--x
. x x--x x mt of clinker 32.06 kg of S 1.1 st of clinker 1 kg 2000lb
763.762.5 stpy 

## =1,161 tpy When the raw mill in on, it is expected that 40% ofthe S02 will be scrubbed from the gaseous phase. Since 80%, ofthe PH exit gas is routed to the Kiln No. 6 main stack inline with the raw mill operation, the short-tenn S02 emission rates from the Kiln No.6 main stack can be calculated as follows: Raw Mill On: S02 Emission Rate'= 1,161 x 0.8 x 0.6 = 557.28 tpy Raw Mill Off: S02 Emission Rate = 1,161 x 0.8 = 928.80 tpy Since the raw mill is expected to be on for 93% ofthe kiln uptime, the annual S02 potential emission rates are calculated as follows: Raw Mill On: S02Emission Rate = 557.28 x 93% 

## =518.27 tpy Raw Mill On: S02Emission Rate

## =928.80x 7% 

## =65.01 tpy Total S02 Emission Rates = 

### 518.27 

### + 65.01 = 

### 583.3 tpy PAST ACTUAL EMISSIONS 

### As shown in previous section, the pre-modification output sulfur contenLin the PH exit gas is 0.8090 kg ofsulfurper metric ton ofclinker. The output sulfur content from the PH exit gas is converted to Iblhr emission rate using the clinkerproduction rate of 1,500 stpd: 0.8090kg ofS 64.06 kg ofSO, rot ofclinker 2.21b Day ---"'-------'--x - x x -- x-- rotofclinker 32.06kg ofS LIstofclinker Ikg 24hrs

x 1,500stpd

## =202.061b/hr Since the coal mi11ldryer did not exist during the 1993 and 1994 period, all PH exit gas is routed to the Kiln No.6 main stack. The scrubbing ofS02 (40% control efficiency) occurs only when the raw mill is in on. The premodification past actual emission rates ofS02 from the main stack are calculated as follows: Raw Mill On: S02 Emission Rate in Ib/hr

## = 202.06 x 0.6 = 121.24 Ib/hr Raw Mill Off: S02 Emission Rate in Iblhr

## = 202.06 Iblhr

GCC Dacotah 

### E-9 Trinity 

### Consultants

### REVISED DECEMBER 12, 2002

The annual past actual emission rates prior to the modification are calculated as follows: Raw Mill On: 1993 S02 Emission Rate 

## = 121.24 x 6,629 +2,000 

## =401.85 tpy Raw Mill Off: 1993 S02 Emission Rate = 

### 202.06 x 

### 499 +2,000 = 

### 50.41 tpy Raw Mill On: 1994 S02 Emission Rate 

### = 121.24 x 

### 6,826 +2,000 

### =413.79 tpy Raw Mill Off: 1994 S02 Emission Rate 

## = 202.06 x 

### 415 +2,000 

## =41.93 tpy Table E-6 summarizes the pre-modification past actual emission rates for the Kiln No.6 main stack.

TABLE E-6. PRE-MODIFICATION PAST ACTUAL 

### S02 EMISSIONS FOR KILN NO.6 MAIN STACK
Year Loesche Mill On Loesche Mill Off Total Operating Annual Operating Annual (tpy)

Hours Emissions Hours Emissions (hr/yr) (tpy) (hr/yr) (tpy) 1993 6,629 401.84 499 50.41 1994 6,826 413.79 415 41.93 Average 407.82 46.17 453.99



### 1.2.3.2 ALKALI BY-PASS (SOURCE 

### 11)

POST-MODIFICATION POTENTIAL TO EMIT 

### Based on process knowledge, the maximum amount ofS02 emissions anticipated from the alkali by-pass is 6 % 

### ofS02 in the PH 

### exit gas. Therefore, S02 emissions from alkali by-pass is calculated as follows: SO: Emission Rate = 

### 1,161 tpy x 

### 6 % = 

### 69.7 tpy

PRE-MODIFICATION PAST ACTUAL EMISSIONS 

### Similariy, the past actual emission rate from the alkali by-pass is calculated as follows: S02 Emission Rate = 

### 202.06 lb/hr 6 % = 

### 12.12 lb/hr Based on the actual operating hours in 1993 and 1994, the annual S02 emission rates from the alkali by-pass stack are calculated as: GCC Dacotah E-10 Trinity ConsultantsREVISED DECEMBER 

### 12, 2002

1993 S02 Emission Rate = 12.12 x 7,128 +2,000 =43.21 tpy 1994 S02 Emission Rate = 12.12 x 7,241 +2,000 = 43.88 tpy Table E-7 

### summarizes the pre-modification past actual S02 emission rates for the alkali by-pass stack. TABLE E-7. ACTUAL EMISSIONS FOR ALKALI BY-PASS Year Operating Annual Hours Emissions (hr/yr) (tpy) 1993 7,128 43.21 1994 7,241 43.88 Average 43.6



### 1.2.3.3 COAL MILLIDRYER (SOURCE 

### 41)

POST-MODIFICATION POTENTIAL TO EMIT 

### Since 20% ofthe PH exit gas is routed to the coal mill/dryer, S02 emissions from coal mill/dryer are calculated as follows: S02 Emission Rate 

## = 1,161 tpy x 20 % = 232.2 tpy S02 emissions associated with the firing ofnatural gas in the coal dryer are negligible. PRE-MoDIFICATION PAST ACTUAL EMISSIONS 

### The coal dryer was not installed prior to the 1996 modification and thus, has zero actual emissions.


### 1.2.3.4 S02 NET INCREASE 

### Table E-8 below summarizes the net increase ofS02 emissions due to the proposed modification.

GCC Dacotah 

### E-ll Trinity Consultants

### REVISED DECEMBER 12, 2002

TABLE E-8. NET INCREASE OF 

### S02 EMISSIONS
Emission Unit Pre-modification Post-modification Net Emissions Past Actual Future Potential Increase Emissions

. Emissions (tpy) (tpy) (tpy) Kiln NO.6 453.9 583.3 129.4 Alkali By-pass 43.6 69.7 26.1 Coal MilllDryer 0.0 232.2 232.2 Total 497.5 885.2 387.7


### The total emissions increase of387.7 tpy is greater than the PSD significance level of40 tpy on an annual basis. Therefore, a PSD review is required for S02.

GCC Dacotah E-12 

### Trinity ConsultantsREVISED DECEMBER 12, 

### 2002



## 1.3 SHORT-TERM S02 EMISSION CALCULATIONS
1.3.1 PARAMETER VALUES FOR MATERIAL BALANCE 

### Table 9 shows the parameter values used in the material balance for calculating short-term S02 emission rates. TABLE E-9. SULFURPARAMETERS USED IN PAST ACTUAL (PRE-MoDIFICATION) EMISSIONS Variables Sulfur Content I'arameters SO, (01..) S(%) SO, (ppm) Operating rate' Sulfur Input Kiln feed 0.50 

## -- 

# -- 1.53 kg kiln feedlkg ofclinker Coal 

# -- 0.76 

## -- 11.29 mtph Sulfur Output By-pass gas 

### -- -- 100' 4,200 Nm' dry gaslhr By-pass dust 7.00' 

# -- -- 1.32 mtph Clinker 0.51' 

# -- -- 2,041 mtpd (2.250 stpd)'
1 The sulfur contents in the kiln feed (mainly from pyritic shale), coal, alkali by·pass dust, and clinker are based on historical analytical tests perfonned atGee Dacotah facility. 2 FL Smidth based on theirtechnical experience with Gee Dacotah facility provided SO concentration in alkali by-pass gas stream. 2 3 The operating rales are estimated by FL Smidth.
INPUT SULFUR CONTENT IN KILN FEED

## = 1.53kg ofkiln feed 0.005 kg of50, 32.06kg ofS 1,000kg ofclinker 3.0634kg ofS --=------x x

## ----=--- x 

## =-----'=--- 1kg ofclinker Ikg ofkiln feed 80.06 kg ofSO, mt ofclinker mt ofclinker
INPUT SULFUR CONTENT IN COAL

## = 11.29mtphofcoal x_24_hr_s x 0.0074 kg of5 x 1,000kg of coal 

## =_1._0_09_0_k-:=g,-o_f_5 2,041 mtpdofclinker day Ikg ofcoalfeed mt ofcoal mt ofclinker OUTPUT SULFUR CONTENT IN ALKALI BY-I'ASS GAS = JOOppmofS0 2 4.200Nm' fhr 24hrs mt 64.06 kg ofSO, 32.06kgofS 1,000kg 0.007lkgofS x x--x x . x x =----='--- 106 2,04lmtpdofclinker day I,OOOkg 22.4Nm3 0fS02 64.06kgofS0 2 mt mt of clinker
OUTPUT SULFUR CONTENT 11'\ ALKALI BY-PASS DUST

## = 1.32mtph ofdust 24 hrs 0.07 kg ofSO, 32.06 kg ofS 1,000kg of clinker ----'----- x -- x x x 2,041 mtpd ofclinker day 1kg ofdust 80.06 kg ofSO, mt of clinker
OUTPUT SULFUR CONTENT IN CLINKER = 0.4351 kg ofS mt of clinker



### GCC Dacotah O.005lkgofSO, 32.06kgofS 1,000kg of clinker ---=----'- x -=-c:-:-:__ X -'----'=-.....,.,--,---

1kg ofclinker 80.06 kg ofSO 3 mt ofclinker



### E-13 2.0423 kg of

### S mt of clinker


### Trinity Consultants

### REVISED DECEMBER 12, 2002

OUTPUT SULFUR CONTENT IN 

### PH EXIT GAS

= 

### 3.0634 + 1.0090

- 0.0071

- 0.4351

- 2.0423



### = 1.5907 kg ofS mt of clinker 

### 1.3.2 SHORT-TERM EMISSION RATES The output sulfur content in the PH exit gas is 1.5919 kg ofsulfurpermetric ton ofclinker. The output sulfur content from the PH exit gas is converted to lb/hr emission rate using the clinker production rate of2.250 stpd:

_ 1._59_0_7_k--.:g:..,.o_f_S 64.06 kg ofSO 2 I

### rnt ofc1inker
. 2.21b Day 

### 2**~50** d _ 

### 596 Ib/ h x x x--x--x ,L stp

- r 

### rnt ofc1inker 32.06 kg ofS 1.1 st ofc1in ker Ikg 24 hrs When the raw mill in on, it is expected that 40% ofthe S02 will be scrubbed from the gaseous phase. Since 80% ofthe PH exit gas is routed tothe Kiln No.6 main stack inline with the raw mill operation, the short-term S02 emission rates from the Kiln No.6 main stack can be calculated as follows: Raw Mill On: S02 Emission Rate 

## =596 x 0.8 x 0.6 

## =286 (lb/hr) Raw Mill Off: S02 Emission Rate 

## =596 x 0.8 

## =477 (lb/hr) The flow rate for the coal mill stack is 20% ofthe preheater. Hence, the short-term S02 emission rates from the coal mill stack can be calculated as follows: Coal Mill Stack: S02 Emission Rate 

## =596 x 0.2 

## = 119 (lb/hr) The flow rate for the coal mill stack is 6% ofthe preheater. Hence, the short-term S02 emission rates from the alkali bypass stack can be calculated as follows: Alkali Bypass Stack: S02 Emission Rate 

## =596 x 0.06 

## = 36 (lb/hr)

Total Short-Term Emissions from the combined sources 

## =477+119t36 

## = 632 lb/hr

GCC Dacotah E-14 Trinity Consultants

### ApPENDIX

## E-3. PMlO 

## PSD NETTING ANALYSIS

This section describes the procedure for Prevention ofSignificantDeterioration (PSD) netting and details the netting results for PMIO. 

### The following common abbreviations are found in this section. TABLE 

### E- 

### 1. COMMON ABBREVIAnONS DEFINED


### Abbreviation Definition acfm actual cubic feet per minute atm atmospheres Btu/scf British thermal units per standard cubic feet· day/yr days per year dscfm 

### dry standard cubic feet per minute gr/dscf grains per 

### dry standard cubic foot hr/day hours per day 

### hr/yr hours peryear Ib/hr pounds perhour Ib/ton pounds per ton Ib/MMscf pounds per million standard cubic feet mph miles per hour MMBtu/hr million British thermal units perhour tpd tons per day tph tons perhour tpy tons per year
In addition, the following common conversions are found in this section. TABLE 

### E- 2. COMMON CONVERSIONS FACTORS



### GCCDacotah 2,0001b 7,000 gr 453.6 g 8,760 hrs 365 days



### E-I I ton I Ib I Ib I year I year

Trinity Consultants

## 1. PSD NETTING PROCEDURE

This section outlines the procedure for determining the net emissions change for each emissions unit or source. The procedure is based on the suggested emissions netting procedure in the New Source Review (NSR) Workshop Manual for PSD andnonattainment areapermitting.1 

### A six-step procedure is used for determining the net emissions change as summarizedbelow.
1. Determine the emissions increases from the proposed project: Ifincreases are significant, proceed; ifnot, the project is not subject to review. 2. Determine the beginning and ending dates ofthe contemporaneous period as itrelates to the proposed modification. 3. Determine which emissions units at the source experienced (or will experience, including any proposed decreases resulting from the proposed project) a creditable increase or decrease in emissions during the contemporaneous period. 4. Determine which emissions changes are creditable. 5. Determine, on apollutant-by-pollutantbasis, the amount ofeach contemporaneous and creditable emissions increase and decrease. 6. Sum all contemporaneous and creditable increases and decreases with the increase from the proposed modification to determine ifa significantnet emissions increase will occur. Each ofthe netting procedure steps is further elaborated in the following subsections. 

## 1.1 EMISSIONS INCREASES FROM THE PROPOSED PROJECT In 

### this step, the emissions increases from the proposedproject are computed on a pollutant-by-pollutant basis. These increases include both emissions thatresult from a physical modification to a source and emissions from sources associated with the physically modified source. A PSD review applies only to those regulated pollutants with a significant emissions increase from proposed modification; emission decnases are not considered at this step. The computed emissions increase is compared to the PSD significance levels shown in Table E- 3, and a PSD review is required ifthe proposed project will result in a significant emissions increase (i.e., an emissions increase in excess ofthe PSD significance level).

I 

## u.s. EPA, Air QualityManagement Division, New Source Review Workshop Manual: Prevention of Significant Deterioration andNonaltainmentPermitting, DRAFT October, 1990. 2 This is a retroactive PSD application and thus, a majority ofthe "proposed" project has already been constructed.


### GCC Dacotah E-2 

### Trinity Consultants

### TABLEE- 3. PSD SIGNIFICANCELEVELS

. 

### Pollutant PSD Significance Level (tpy) PM IO 

### 15 

## 1.2 CONTEMPORANEOUS PERIOD The contemporaneous periodbegins on the date five years priorto construction commencing. The period ends on the date the emissions increase from the proposed modification occurs. For this project, the contemporaneous periodbegins September 1989 and ends in 1996. 

## 1.3 EMISSIONS INCREASES AND DECREASES DURING THE CONTEMPORANEOUS PERIOD Creditable emissions increases within the contemporaneous period are associated with a physical change or change in the method ofoperation at a source, which did notrequire a PSD permit. Decreases are associated with aphysical change or change in the method of operation that are creditable, orreductions in actual emissions from a federally-enforceable emission limit. Once the decrease has been made federally enforceable, any proposed increase above the federally enforceable level must constitute aphysical change or change in the method ofoperation at the source orthe reduction is not considered creditable. 

## 1.4 CREDITABLE EMISSIONS CHANGES An 

### increase ordecrease is creditable only ifthe relevantreviewing authority has notrelied upon it in previously issuing aPSD permit and the permit is in effect when the increase from the proposed modification occurs. Forpollutants with PSD increments, an increase or decrease in actual emissions which occurs before the baseline date in an area is creditable only ifit would be considered in calculating how much ofan incrementremains available for the pollutant in question. A decrease is creditable only to the extent that itis federally enforceable from the momentthat the actual construction begins on the proposed modification to the source. The decrease must occurbefore the proposed emissions increase occurs. A source cannottake credit for a decrease that ithas had to make, or will have to make, in orderto bring an emissions unitinto compliance. Furthermore, a source cannot take credit for an emissionreduction from potential emissions from an emissions unit, which was permitted, butnever built or operated.



## 1.5 AMOUNT OF THE EMISSIONS INCREASE AND DECREASE An 

### emissions increase or decrease is the difference between the new level ofactual emissions at the emissions unit and the old level. The new "actual emissions" level is the lower ofthe unit's "potential" or "allowable" emissions afterthe modification. The old
GCCDacotah E-3 Trinity Consultants

### level is calculated from the unit's actual operating data from a two-yearperiod, which directly preceded the physical change. 

## 1.6 PSD REVIEW 

### The proposedproject is subject to PSD review for eachregulated pollutant for which the sum ofall creditable emissions increases and decreases results in a significantnet emissions increase. However, additional prospective and creditable emissions reductions sufficient to provide for a less than significantnet emissions increase at the source may be proposed to avoid PSD review.

GCCDacotah E-4 

### Trinity Consultants

## 2. PMlO 

### EMISSIONS NETTING

When perfonning emissions netting, only those units that have been physically modified orprocesses that are associated with the modified units are considered. TherefJre, all units which were not modified orprocesses that were not associated with the modified units are not included in this PMIO 

### netting analysis. GCC Dacotah is proposing to increase the annual clinkerproduction in Kiln No.6 to 2,250 tons of clinkerper day. Proposed PM IO 

### emissions are calculated using the maximum expected production for each unit. Maximum expectedproduction is based upon the rated design parameters for each kiln and the maximum percentage ofeach raw material in kiln feed. These values are presented in Table E- 4 and Table E- 5. The PMIO 

### emissions from the production increase are accounted for in the potential to emit calculations summarized in the following subsections. TABLE 

### E- 4. PMIO KILN RATING


### Rated Design Parameters Kiln No.6 Clinker Production Capacity (Rated, tpd) 2,250.00 Coal Mill (Rated, tph) 22.00 Dry Kiln Feed to ClinkerRatio 1.70
TABLE 

### E- 5. RAw MATERIAL INPUT


### Maximum Percent Material in Kiln Feed Calcium (Limestone) 80% Iron (Iron Ore) 3% Silica (Sand) 6% Alumina (Shale) 11% Gypsum (in cement) 8%
Past actual PMIO 

### emissions are calculated using an average ofthe production, size, or vehicle miles traveled reported in the 1993 and 1994 Emission Inventories for the GCC Dacotah facility. For units that existed, but were notreported in 1993 and 1994, this number is scaled from the current operations or estimated from other operations. Actual emissions, along with the emission calculation methodology for each unit, are presented in the following subsections.

GCCDacotah E-5 Trinity Consultants

## 2.1 POINT SOURCES Emission factors ofgr/dscf

### for eachpoint source as well as flow rates in actual cubic feet perminute (acfm) are provided in the November 15,2001 submittal. For the point sources discussed here, the emission factor used is 0.01 gr/dscf. 

### The flow rates are converted to dry standard cubic feet per minute (dscfm), using the method described in the letterto SD DENR dated March 6,**2002~** 

### The material Process rate used is in tons/hr. Equivalentemission factors are calculated according to the following equation.

( ) [ Emission Factor

# (~) xMaximum Flow Rate (dScf)] E . I EF Ib dscf min Ib 60 min

qUlva ent
- = 

### x x--- ton . (ton) 7,000gr hr Matenal Process Rate 

### h;

2.1.1 KILN 

### No.6 (SOURCE 

### 9) 

### 2.1.1.1 POTENTIAL TO EMIT 

### The annual PM IO 

### emissionrates for Kiln No.6 are calculatedby multiplying the equivalentemission factor in Ib/ton by the maximum process rate. The Loesche Mill is On 93% ofthe total hours in a year and Off7% ofthe kiln uptime. PMIO 

### Emissions 

## =

# ~)x(ton)x(8,760hr)x( ton ) 

### =tpy ton hr yr 

### 2,0001b



### The exit grain loading proposed for Kiln No.6 is 0.01 gr/dscf. 

### The maximum flow rate for this dust collectoris 240,000 acfm. This is converted to dscfm using the following equation. Maximum Flow Rate (dscfm) 

### = (acfm)x( StdTemp(K) ) x(Actual Pressure (atm)) x(lOO

- moisture (%)) 

### Actual Temp (K) StdPressure (atm) 100.

3 Personal Communication: Letter from Mr. Dave Rydquist, GCC Dacotah, to Mr. Brian Gustafson, SO DENR, dated March 6, 2002.


### GCC Dacotah E-6 Trinity Consultants

### Actual temperature is the temperature ofthe exit gases. This is obtained from the manufacturer's information. The moisture content is determined to be 10%. Actual pressure is 0.8803 atm based on an elevation of 1030.8**meters~** 

### Applied to Kiln No.6, the flow rate and PMIO 

### emissionrate equations above yield the following results.
MaximumFlow Rate = (240,000 acfm)

# x (293.15 K)

# x (0.8803 atm)

# x(IOO-lO) 399.82 K 1.0 atm 100


## = 139,415 dscfm Equivalent EF

## =

[ 0.01

# (dS~~ ) 

# x139,415

# (~~~)] x

__ Ib

_ 

# x 93.75

## (t~~) x 2 7,000 gr



## =0.06373 Ib/ton



### PMIO 

### Emissions 

## = ( 0.063731b)x(93.75x2ton)x(8,760hrJx( ton J ton hr yr 2,0001b


## =52.34 tpy

2.1.1.2 ACTUAL EMISSIONS 60 min hr



### The past actual hourly and annual PMIO 

### emissionrates for Kiln No.6 are obtained from the 1993 and 1994 Emission Inventories. Both inventories report the results ofaMay 1991 StackTest. These values are detailed in Table E- 6. The average ofl993 and 1994 Loesche Mill On rates and the average of 1993 and 1994 Loesche Mill Offrates are summed to get the annual emission**rate~** 

### Actual PM IO 

### emissions for Kiln No.6 are summarized in Table E- 6.

4 Jacobson, Mark Z., Fundamentals of AtmosphericModeling (New York, NY: Cambridge University Press, 1999), pg. 26. Reference gives the equation to calculate pressure at varying altitudes. The pressure at altitude I, minus the pressure at altitude 2, is divided by altitude 1 minus altitude 2. The calculated value is equal to the negative ofthe pressure at altitude 2 multiplied by gravity. 5 "Mill on" refers to the periods when both Kiln No.6 and the Loesche mill are operating. During "mill off' periods, only the kiln is operating.


### GCC Dacotah E-7 Trinity ConsultantsTABLE E- 6. ACTUAL EMISSIONS FOR KILN NO.6


### Loesche Mill On Loesche Mill Off Emission Operating Annual Emission Operating Annual Year Rate Hours Emissions Rate

- Hours Emissions (lb/hr) (hr/yr) (tpy) (lb/hr) (hr/yr) (tpy) Total 1993 9.07 6629 30.06 9.15 1 

### 499 2.28 (tpy) 1994 9.07 6826 30.96 9.15 2 

### 415 1.90 Average 30.51 2.09 32.60

I PM" emission factor based on stack test for TSP is adjusted for PM" using PM" to TSP ratio as provided in AP42 Port/and Cement

Manufacturing, Section 11.6.
2 Ibid.


### 2.1.2 CLINKER COOLER (SOURCE 

### 10) 2.1.2.1 POTENTIAL TO EMIT 

### The annual PMJO emission rates for the clinker cooler are calculated by multiplying the equivalent emission factor in lb/ton by the maximum process rate. PMJO Emissions =

# ~)x(ton)x(8,760hr)x( ton) =tpy ton hr yr 

### 2,0001b The exit grain loading from the clinker cooler is 0.01 gr/dscf. The maximum flow rate for this dust collectoris 153,000 acfm. This is converted to dscfm using the following equation. Maximum Flow Rate (dscfm) = (acfm)x( StdTemp (K) ) 

### x(ActualPressure (atm)) x(100

- moisture(%)) 

### ActualTemp (K) 

### StdPressure (atm) 100 Actual temperature is the temperature ofthe exit gases, obtained from the manufacturer's information. For conservatism, moisture percentage is assumed to be 0%. Actual pressure is 0.8805 atm calculated from an elevation of 1,029.1 meters.6 

### Applied to the clinker cooler, the flow rate and PMJO emission rate equations above yield the following results.

6 

### Jacobson, Mark Z., Fundamentals of AtmosphericModeling 

### (New York, NY: 

### Cambridge UniversityPress, 1999),

### pg. 26. Reference gives the equation to calculatepressure atvarying altitudes. Thepressure at altitude 1, 

### minus the
GCCDacotah E-8 Trinity Consultants

### Maximum Flow Rate 

### = (153,000 aCfm)x(293.15 K) x(0.8805 atm) x(IOO -0) 394.26 K 

### 1.0atm 100


## = 100,168 dscfm Equivalent EF

## =

[ 0,01

## (~)XIOO,168 (dSCf)] dscf min x Ib ---'--"'-"--9-3 .7-'--S-7(**--'-t~-~~)**

# --"---"""-"'- 7,000



## =0.09161b/ton 60 min x -.,.-- gr hr



### PMIO 

### Emissions 

### = ( 0.09161b)x(93.75ton)x(8,760hr)x( ton ) ton hr yr 

### 2,0001b


## = 37.62 tpy 

### 2.1.2.2 ACTUAL EMISSIONS 

### The May 1991 Stack Testresults, as appearing in the 1993 and 1994 Emission Inventories, provide an hourly emissionrate of5.56 Ib/hr? The reported hours ofoperation for 1993 and 1994 were 7,128 and 7,241 respectively. Thus, the annual emissionrate canbe calculated using the following equation. 

# (lb) (OP. hr 

## +

# Op. hr ) ( 

### ton ) PM Emissions 

## = - x 93 94 X 10 

### hr 

### 2 2,0001b Consequently, PM IO 

### emissions are calculated as follows.
PM E .. -556 1b (7,128hr+7,24Ihr) ( ton) 10 

### mISSIons - . - x x hr 2 2,0001b


## = 19.97 tpy 

### 2.1.3 ALKALI BY-PASS (SOURCE 

### 11) 2.1.3.1 POTENTIAL TO EMIT 

### The annual PMIO 

### emissionrates for the alkali by-pass is calculated by multiplying the equivalent emission factor in lb/ton by the maximumprocess rate.

pressure at altitude 2, is divided by altitude I minus altitude 2. The calculated value is equal to the negative ofthe pressure at altitude 2 multiplied by gravity. 7 PMIO emission factor based on stack test for TSP is adjusted for PM IO using PMIO to TSP ratio of84% as provided in AP-42 Portland CementManufacturing, Section 11.6.


### GCCDacotah E-9 Trinity Consultants

### PM IO 

### Emissions =

# ~) x(ton)x(S'760hr) x( ton ) = 

### tpy ton hr yr 

### 2,0001b The proposed exit grain loading for the alkali by-pass dust collector is 0.0I gr/dscf. The maximum flow rate for this dust collectoris 60,000 acfm. This is converted to dscfm using the following equation. Maximum Flow Rate (dscfm) 

## = (acfm)x ( StdTemp (K) ) x(Actual Pressure (atm)) x(100

- moisture(%)) 

### ActualTemp (K) StdPressure (atm) 100 Actual temperature is the temperature ofthe exit gases. This is obtained from the manufacturer's information. Moisture percentage is assumed to be 0% for conservatism. The elevation of 1034.2 meters determines the actual pressure is 0.8799 atm.' Applied to the alkali by-pass, the flow rate and PM IO 

### emission rate equations above yield the following results. Maximum Flow Rate 

## = (60,000 acfm)x(293.15 K) x(0.S799 atm) x(100-0) 560.93 K 1.0 atm 100

= 

### 27,591 dscfm Equivalent EF =

[ 0.01

# (dS~~ ) x 27,591

# (~~~ )

# I
x -=-==Ibc--- x 93.75

### (t~~) 

## J 7,000 gr



## =0.0252 Ib/ton

PM IO 

### Emissions = 

### ( 0.0252Ib)x(93.75ton)x(S,760hr)x( ton ) ton hr yr 

### 2,0001b

= 

### 10.35 tpy 60 min hr

8

### Jacobson, MarkZ., Fundamentals of Atmospheric Modeling 

### (New York, NY, 

### Cambridge University Press, 1999), pg. 26. Reference gives the equation to calculatepressure at varying altitudes. Thepressure at altitude 1, minus the pressure at altitude 2, is dividedby altitude I minus altitude 2. The calculated value is equal to the negative ofthe pressure at altitude 2multiplied by gravity.

GCCDacotah E-IO Trinity Consultants

### 2.1.3.2 ACTUAL EMISSIONS 

### The May 1991 Stack Testresults, as appearing in the 1993 and 1994 Emission Inventories, provide an hourly emission rate of0.85 Ib/hr: The reported hours ofoperation for 1993 and 1994 were 7,128 and 7,241, respectively. Thus, the annual emissionrate can be calculated using the following equation.

PM .. 

### (Ib) (OP.hr93+0P.hr94) ( ton] 10 

### emissIOns = - 

### x x 

### hr 

### 2 2,000Ib Consequently, PMIQ emissions are calculated as follows.
PM .. 085 lb (7,128hr+7,24Ihr) ( ton) 10 

### emIssIons 

### = . - x x 

### hr 2 2,0001b



### = 3.05 

### tpy 

### 2.1.4 COAL DRYER (SOURCE 

### 41)
2.1.4.1 POTENTIAL TO EMIT 

### The coal dryer utilizes two dust collectors for PMIQ emissions control, which emitthrough a common stack. Due to the common stack, these dust collectors have been modeled as one source (SRC41). The annual PMIQ emissionrates for the coal dryer dust collectors are calculatedby multiplying the equivalent emission factor in 

### Iblton by the maximum process rate. PMIQ Emissions 

### =

# ~)x(ton)x(8,760hr)x( ton ) 

### =tpy ton hr yr 

### 2,0001b 

### The exit grain loading proposed for the coal dryer is 0.01 gr/dscf. The maximum flow rate for the combined dust collectors is 42,000 actin. This is converted to dscfm using the following equation. Maximum Flow Rate (dscfm) 

## = (acfm)x( StdTemp (K) ) x(Actual Pressure (atm)) x(100

- moisture (%)) 

### ActualTemp (K) 

### Std Pressure (atm) 100 

### Actual temperature is the temperature ofthe exit gases. This is available from the manufacturer's information. Moisture percentage is 20%. Actual pressure

9 PM IO emission factor based on stack test for TSP is adjusted for PM IO using PM IO to TSP ratio as provided in 

### AP-42 Portland CementManufacturing, Section 

### 11.6.



### GCCDacotah 

### E-ll Trinity Consultants

### is 0.8801 atTn based on an elevation of 1033.0 meters.JO 

### Applied to the coal dryer, the flow rate and PMJO 

### emission rate equations above yield the following results. Maximum Flow Rate 

### = (42,000 acfm)x(293.l5

# K) x(0.880l atm)x(lOO- 20) 355.37 K 

### 1.0 atm 100

= 

### 24,394 dscfm EquivalentEF 

### =

[ 0.01

# (dS~ ) x 24,394

# (~~~)] x

# ~lb -x 20

### (t~~ 

# ) 7,000 gr



## =0.10451b/ton

PMJO 

### Emissions 

### = ( 0.1045Ib)x(20ton) x(8,760

# hr) x( ton ) ton 

# hr yr 

### 2,0001b


## =9.15 tpy

2.1.4.2 ACTUAL EMISSIONS 60 min hr



### The unit didnot existpriorto the 1994 modification; thus, past actual emissions are zero.


## 2.2 DUST COLLECTOREMISSIONS Dust collectors control emissions from various process sources at the GCC Dacotah facility. Emission factors ofgr/dscffor each transferpoint source as well as flow rates in actual cubic feet per minute (acfm) are providedin the November 15, 2001 submittal. For the transferpoint sources discussed here, the emission factor used is 0.01 gr/dscf. The flow rates are converted to dry standard cubic feet perminute (dscfrn), using the following method. The flow rate is determined from the maximum flow rate in acfm according to the following equation: Maximum Flow Rate (dscfrn) 

### = (acfm)x( StdTemp (K) ) 

### x(Actual Pressure (atm)) x(10o-moisture (%)) 

### Actual Temp (K) 

### StdPressure (atm) 100



## '0 Ibid.
GCC Dacotah 

### E-12 Trinity Consultants

### Standard temperature is 293.15 K and standard pressure is 1.0 atm. The actual temperature ofthe exit gases is obtained from the 200I stack test when available and from the manufacturers information in all other cases. 11 

### In cases where the moisture content was not available from the 200I stacktests, a conservative value of0% moisture was used. Actual pressure is based on the elevation ofeach respective dust collector.12 

### Table E- 7 provides the maximum flow rate in dscfm for all dust collectors considered in the PM IO 

### netting analysis. Equivalent emission factors for each dust collector source are provided in Table 

### E- 7 and are calculated according to the following equation.

( ) [ Emission Factor

# (~) x Maximum Flow Rate (dSCf)] E . I EF Ib dscf min Ib 60 min

qUlva ent
- 

## = x x --- ton M . I P R (ton) 7,000 gr hr atena rocess ate
-hr

TABLE E- 

### 7. EQUIVALENT EMISSION FACTORS Equivalent Controlled Emission Maximum Factor for Flow Rate Process rate PMI01 Source No. Description (dscfm) (tph) (Ib/ton) Dust Collectors I EDCIOI-Primary Crusher 6,288.13 1,000 0.0005 Secondary Crusher 

# -- 1,000


### -- 2 EDC102-Secondary Screens 6,486.44 1,000 0.0006 6 EDC652-Feed Storage Silo 5,154.73 180 0.0025 6a EDC501-Rock Silo to Loesche Mill 8,765.81 180 0.0042 6b EDC602-Kiln Feed Storage Silo to Kiln 3,006.32 160 0.0016 7b EDC710-Clinker Shed to FinishMills 13,151.70 500 0.0023 7c EDC706-Raw Shed to Loesche Mill 2,981.73 40 0.0064 7d EDC701-BCI07 to BCI08 Transfer 2,982.75 800 0.0003 7e EDC705-GypsumRaw Shedto Old Clinker 2,982.75 350 0.0007 7f EDC703-Raw Shed to Loesche Mill 2,982.75 40 0.0064 7g EDC704-GypsumRaw Shed to Old Clinker 2,982.75 350 0.0007 8 EDC614-Penthouse Storage 4,383.40 93.75 0.0040 8a EDC627-Penthouse No.2 (Dry) 3,069.08 93.75 0.0028 8b EDC613-Penthouse No.2 (Dry) 4,163.75 93.75 0.0038 8c EDC707-Rock Silo Discharge 1,315.17 1,000 0.0001 12 EDC731-1953 Allis Chalmers Finish Mill No.3 11,433.55 35 0.0280

II Airtech Environmental Services Inc. Test Report on the Air Emissions TestProgram. ReportNo. 1366; November 1,2000. 12 Jacobson, MarkZ., Fundamentals of AtmosphericModeling (New York, NY: Cambridge University Press, 1999), pg. 26. Reference gives the equation to calculate pressure at varying altitudes. The pressure at altitude I minus the pressure at altitude 2 is divided by altitude I minus altitude 2. The calculated value is equal to the negative ofthe pressure at altitude 2multipliedby gravity.


### GCC Dacotah E-13 Trinity ConsultantsEquivalent Controlled Emission Maximum Factor for Flow Rate Process rate PMlO1 Source No. Description (dscfm) (tph) (Ib/ton) 13 EDC741-1955 Allis Chalmers Finish Mill No.4 9,783.59 40 0.0210 14 EDC751-1976 Allis Chalmers FinishMill No.5 10,191.71 45 0.0194 15 EDC761-1976 Allis Chalmers Finish Mill No.6 10,089.08 45 0.0192 16 EDC77I-1978 TraylorFinish Mill No.7 19,649.74 85 0.0198 16a EDC772-1979 Traylor Finish Mill No.7 56,450.23 85 0.0569 16b EDC708-1980 Traylor Finish Mill No.7 3,711.20 500 0.0006 16c EDC709-1981 Traylor FinishMill No. 7 6,590.45 500 0.0011 16d EDC713-1982 Clinker Transfer System 8,769.79 500 0.0015 16e EDC781-1983 TraylorFinishMill No.7 3,509.11 0


### -- 17 EDC804-Bulk Storage Silos 3,511.11 125 0.0024 18 EDC82I-Bulk Storage Silos 3,373.88 125 0.0023 19 EDC805-Bulk Storage Silos 3,509.91 125 0.0024 20 EDC832-Bulk Storage Silos 7,804.06 125 0.0054 21 EDC824-BulkStorage Silos· 4,389.88 200 0.0019 24 EDC827-Rail Storage Silos 3,510.31 125 0.0024 25 EDC828-Rail Storage Silos 3,511.11 125 0.0024 26 EDC834-Rail Storage Silos 8,777.76 125 0.0060 27 EDC853-BulkRail Loadout 1,345.73 500 0.0002 28 EDC854-BulkRail Loadout 5,629.26 500 0.0010 35 EDC825-East TruckLoadout 2,633.63 500 0.0005 36 EDC826-West Truck Loadout 3,381.07 500 0.0006 37 EDC801-St. Regis Cement Bagging 5,177.12 114 0.0039 38 EDC802-St. Regis Cement Bagging 5,177.12 114 0.0039 39 EDC803-St. Regis Cement Bagging 5,177.12 114 0.0039 41b EDC274-Coal Stacker Top 1,141.24 400 0.0002 41c EDC275-Coal Surge Bin Top 395.09 400 0.0001 41d EDC702- Coal Tunnel to Coal Stacker 395.00 400 0.0001 41e EDC276-Coal Surge Bin Top 3,511.90 400 0.0008 41f EDC277-Coal Transfer 1,141.50 400 0.0002 41i EDC278-Coal Bin#6 1,139.81 400 0.0002 41j EDC630-Coal Dryer-FK pump 435.60 20 0.0019 62b EDC272/3
- Coal: Hopper to Conveyor 877.78 400 0.0002

I Equivalentcontrolled emission factors shown in this table are calculated values.


### 2.2.1 POTENTIAL TO 

### EMIT The annual PMJO 

### emission rates for the dust collectors are calculated by multiplying the equivalent emission factor in lblton by the maximum process rate. PM10 

### Emissions =

# ~) x(ton) x(8,760hr) x ( ton ) 

## =tpy

ton hr yr 2,0001b



### GCC Dacotah E-14 Trinity Consultants

### For dust collectors, PMJQ emissions are conservatively assumed to be equal to PM emissions. Table D-2, located in Appendix D ofthe PSD Air Quality Dispersion Modeling Analysis Report for PMJQ, summarizes the potential PMJQ emission rates for the dust collectors. 

### 2.2.2 ACTUAL EMISSIONS 

### Actual PMJQ emissions for dust collector sources are calculated as shown in Table D-2, located in Appendix D ofthe PSD Air Quality Dispersion Modeling Analysis Report for PMJQ, using 1993 and 1994 Emission Inventories. The emission factor for each source are obtained from the relevant AP-42 chapter or the FIRE database. 

## 2.3 FUGITIVE DUST


### 2.3.1 MISCELLANEOUS SOURCES 

### 2.3.1.1 TOPSOIL REMOVAL (SOURCE

### 42)
2.3.1.1.1 POTENTIAL TO EMIT 

### AP-42 Section 11.9, Table 11.9.1 gives the following equation for the PMJQ emission rates as aresult ofthe bulldozing ofoverburden.13


### ( Ib ) _ 

## (s)" EF PMIO

- 

### 0.75 x 1.0 x (M 

# t
Where: EF 

### s M 

### Emission factor for PM,o (lb/hr) Material silt content (%) Material moisture content (%) AP-42 Section 13.2.4, Table 13.2.4-1 gives a silt content of9% for cover.14 

### Moisture content for cover is 12%.15 There is no control device in place for topsoil removal. Thus, the PMJQ emission factor for topsoil removalis as follows:

13 U.S. EPA, Office ofAir and Radiation, Office ofAir Quality Planning and Standards, AP-42Introduction to MineralProducts Industry: Western Suiface CoalMining (Research Triangle Park, NC: U.S. EPA, October 1998), Section 11.9, Table 11.9.1. 14 U.S. EPA, Office ofAir and Radiation, Office ofAir Quality Planning and Standards, AP-42Introduction to Miscellaneous Sources: AggregateHandling andStorage Piles (Research Triangle Park, NC:" U.S. EPA, January 1995), Section 13.2.4, Table 13.2.4-1. 

### 15 Ibid.



### GCC Dacotah E-15 Trinity ConsultantsEF PMlO

# (~~ ) = 0.75



## =0.621blhr 

### (9 )" x 1.0 x +-<,-;-;- (12 )"



### Due to the units ofthe emission factor (lblhr), short-term PMIQ emissions are equai to the emission factor of0.62 Iblhr. PM IO 

### emission rates can be calculated from this value.

.. ( ton) ( lb) (

# hr) ( ton ) PM IO 

### EmIssIOns

- 

## = 0.62

- 

### x - x yr 

# hr yr 2,000 lb 

### Therefore, the PM IO 

### emissions from topsoil removal are as follows
.

.. (ton) ( lb) ( 

# hr) ( ton) PM IO 

### EmIssIons -. 

## = 0.62

- x 447

- x yr 

# hr yr 2,000 lb


## =0.14 tpy 

### 2.3.1.1.2 ACTUAL EMISSIONS 

### Actual hourly emissions are equal to the emission factor ofO.621blhr. Actual annual emissions are calculated as shown previously for potential emissions
.

.. (ton) ( lb) ( 

# hr) ( ton) PM IO 

### EmIssIons

- 

## = 0.62

- x 273

- x yr hr yr 2,000 lb


## =0.09 tpy 

### 2.3.1.2 DRILLING (SOURCE 

### 43)
2.3.1.2.1 POTENTIAL TO EMIT 

### PMIO 

### emission rates as aresult ofdrilling overburden are 0.161b total suspended particulate (TSP)/hole according to the FIRE database.16 

### For purposes ofthis calculation, it is assumed that all TSP is PMIO• 

### Thus, the PMIO 

### emission rates can be calculated as follows.



### ( ton) ( Ib ) ( hOles) (blasts) ( ton .) PMIO 

### Emissions

-- 

## = 0.16

-- x --- x x 

### yr 

### hole blast yr 

### 2,000 lb

16

## u.s. EPA, clearing house ofinventories and emission factors, PM2.5lnventory Resource Center. Factor Information Retrieval (FIRE), version 6.25, October 2000. FlRE- SCC 3-05-010-33.


### GCC Dacotah E-16 Trinity Consultants

### GCC Dacotah has provided value of 1,625 holes per year. The dust collector on the drilling rig provides 95% control of

### PM 10 

### emissions.17 

### The 

### PMIO 

### emission rate for drilling is calculated as follows.


### PMIO 

### Emissions =

# (0.16~) x(1625 hales) x ( ton ) x(100

- 95 ) hole yr 

### 2,000 Ib 100



### = 0.01 tpy


### 2.3.1.2.2 ACTUAL EMISSIONS 

### Actual emissions as aresult ofdrilling operations are calculated as shown previously for potential emissions. Actual 

### PMIO 

### emissions for drilling sources are calculated using the 1993 and 1994 Emissions Inventories. Thus, the 

### PM IO 

### emission rate for drilling is calculated as follows.
Long-term 

### PMIO 

### Emissions =

# 0.16~) x(991 hales) x ( ton ) x(100

- 95) hole blast 2,000 Ib 100



### = 0.004 tpy


### 2.3.1.3 SHALE CRUSHER (SOURCE 79B)


### 2.3.1.3.1 POTENTIAL TO EMIT 

### PM IO 

### emissionrates from the shale crusher are 0.00071b 

### PM /ton according to FIRE database.ls 

### For the purposes ofthis calculation, all 

### PM is assumed to be 

### PMIO• 

### Thus, the short-term and long-term 

### PM IO 

### emission rates are calculated as follows.

.. (ton) ( Ib) ( ton) 

### PMIO 

### EmISSIons 

## = Throughput

- x 0.0007

- x 

## =tpy yr 

### ton 2,000 Ib

As stated in AP-42 11.19.1, a control factor of80% may be used for wet suppression spray systems at transferpoints and on material handling

17

### Both the 1993 and 1994 Emission Inventories give acontrol factor of95% forthe drilling operation due to the dust collectordesign. 18 

### U.S. EPA, clearinghouse ofinventories and emission factors, PM2.5 Inventory Resource Center. Facor Information Retrieval (FIRE), version 6.25, October2000. FIRE

- SCC 3-05-020-01.

GCC Dacotah E-17 Trinity Consultants

### operations. 19 

### The PMIO 

### emission rate for the shale crusher is calculated as follows.

.. ( ton

# J ( Ib) ( 

### ton 

# J (100

- 80) 

### PMIO 

### EmissIOns = 

### 155,754

- 

### x 0.0007

- 

### x x yr . 

### ton 2,000 Ib 100


## =0.01 

### tpy


### 2.3.1.3.2 ACTUAL EMISSIONS 

### Actual PM IO 

### emissions for shale crusher sources are calculated using the 1993 and 1994 Emissions Inventories. Thus, the PMIO 

### emission rate for the shale crusheris calculated as follows.

.. ( ton

# J ( Ib) ( 

### ton ) (100

- 80) 

### PM IO 

### EmiSSIOns 

### = 80,051.5

- 

### x 0.0007

- 

### x x yr 

### ton 2,000 Ib 100


## =0.01 

### tpy


### 2.3.1.4 DISTURBED AREA (SOURCE 

### 80)
2.3.1.4.1 POTENTIAL TO EMIT 

### AP-42 Section 13.2.5 is used to calculate the PMIO 

### emission factor for the disturbed area ofthe quarry.20 The emission factor can be calculated using these equations:

## EF(~) = 

# k,P;
m 1=1
P = 58 (u • - u, .)' + 25 (u • - u •• )'
P = 0 for u' $ u. •

u· = 

### 0.053 X u lO+



### Where:

19 u.s. EPA, Office ofAir and Radiation, Office ofAir Quality Planning and Standards, AP-42 Introduction to Construction ondAggregateProcessing: Sand and GravelProcessing (Research Triangle Park, NC: u.S. EPA, November 1995), Section 11.19.J. 20 U.S. EPA, Office ofAir and Radiation, Office ofAir Quality Planning and Standards, AP-42 Introduction to Fugitive Dust Sources: Industrial WindErosion (Research Triangle Park, NC: U.S. EPA, January 1995), Section 13.2.5.


### GCC Dacotah E-18 

### Trinity Consultants

### EF k P 

### Emission factor for PM IO 

### (g/m2) 

### Particle size multiplier (0.5 for PM IO) 

### Erosion potential corresponding to the observed (or probable) fastest mile ofwind speed Friction velocity (mls) 

### Threshold friction velocity (mls) 

### Fastest mile ofreference anemometer for period between disturbances (mls) 

### The threshold friction velocity is 1.02 mls 

### for overburden according to AP-42 Section 13.2.5, Table 13.2.5-2?1 The maximum two-minute wind speed in mph is taken from Local Climatic Data for 1999. This value is convertedto mls 

### to calculate the friction velocity as is shown in the equation above. The maximum two-minute wind speed and friction velocity for each month of 1999 is detailed in Table E- 8. The erosion potential, P, for each month is also included in Table E- 8. As described in the equations above, P is reported as zero for those months where the friction velocity, u*, is less than or equal to the thresh91d friction velocity, u,*.

TABLE E- 8. WIND SPEED, FRICTION VELOCITY, AND EROSION POTENTIAL


### Maximum TwoMinute Wind Speed Friction Velocity Erosion Potential Month (mph) (mls) 

### (P) January 47 1.11 2.8473 February 51 1.21 6.7663 March 47 1.11 2.8473 April 44 1.04 0.5918 May 57 1.35 14.5984 June 37 0.88 0.0000 July 39 0.92 0.0000 August 41 0.97 0.0000 September 47 1.11 2.8473 October 55 1.30 11.7272 November 54 1.28 10.3893 December 43 1.02 0.0000 Therefore, the PM IO 

### emission factor for the disturbed area ofthe quarry can be calculated:

21 Ibid.


### GCC Dacotah E-19 Trinity Consultants**·~** P; = 52 .61 ,.1

EF (,;, ) 

### = 0.5 x 52 .61 

### = 26.31 (,;,) 

### Thus, the PM10 

### emissionrates can be calculated. PM IO 

### Emissions 

## = ( ) ( g) ( Ib ) ( 

### ton ) (4,046.9 m' ) Area acres x 26.31, x x x 

## =tpy m 

## *yr 

### 453.6 g 2,000 Ib
. 

### acre

No control is taken for the disturbed area. The PMIO 

### emission rate for the disturbed property can be calculated, PMIO 

### EmisSions 

## = (90acres)x(26.31 g)x( Ib 

### )x( ton )x(4,046.9m') m' 

## *yr 

### 453.6 g 2,000 Ib 

### acre 

## = 10.57 tpy


### 2.3.1.4.2 ACTUAL EMISSIONS 

### The actual emissions may be calculated as demonstrated above. PM IO 

### Emissions 

## = (63 acres)x(26.31 g )x( lb 

### )x( ton )x(4,046.9 m')

. m' 

## *yr 

### 453.6 g 2,000 Ib 

### acre

= 

### 7.37 tpy



### 2.3.2 MATERIAL HANDLING SOURCES 

### Material transfer emissions include emissions from all loading and unloading operations at the GCC Dacotah facility. 

### 2.3.2.1 POTENTIAL TO EMIT 

### The PMIO 

### emission factors for material transfer operations are calculated using the empirical equation found in AP-42, Aggregate Handling and Storage

GCCDacotah E-20 Trinity Consultants

### Piles.22 

### This equation will be referred to as the "drop equation" in this application.

EF

## (~) = k x (0.0032) ton 

### Where, 

## EF k U M = 

### Emission factor for drop points (lb/ton ofmaterial) Particle size multiplier (0.35 for PMIO) 

### Mean wind speed, miles perhour (mph) Material moisture content (%) 

### Wind speed information is obtained from the U.S. EPAprogram TANKS, Version 

### 3.1.13 

### TANKS specifies an average outdoor wind speed of 11.3 mph for the area ofRapid City, South Dakota. Controls are taken for areas that have some protection from wind, including areas below grade or structures with at least one wall. The material moisture contents used in the above equation are summarized in Table E- 9. TABLE 

### E- 

### 9. MOISTURE CONTENTS


### Moisture Content 

### Material (%) Coal] 33.73 Shale] 20.80 Strip Dirt 2 

### 12.00 Sand] 11.18 Iron Ore 1 

### 3.85 Limestone] 2.90 Gypsum 2 

### 0.70 Alkali Waste Ash 3 

### 0.05

I The moisture content is based on previous testing. 2 The moisture conlent is based on AP-42 Section 13.2.4 Table 13.2.4·1. J The moisture content is based on engineeringjudgment.

22 U.S. EPA, Office ofAir and Radiation, Office ofAir Quality Planning and Standards, AP·42 Introduction to Fugitive Dust Sources: Aggregate Handling andStorage Piles (Research Triangle Park, NC: U.S. EPA, January 1995), Section 13.2.4. 23 U.S. EPA, Office ofAir Quality Planning and Standards, Emission Factor and Inventory Group (MD·14), TANKS 3.1, Apri128, 1998, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina.


### GCC Dacotah E-21 Trinity Consultants

### Table E- 10 provides a listing ofthe PMIO 

### emission factors used in this analysis. Thus, emission rates can be calculated. PMIO 

### Emissions 

## = P d . (ton) (IOO-control(%») (EF lb) ( ton 

# J

ro lichon

- x x - x = 

### tpy 

### yr 

### 100 ton 

### 2,000 

### lb
Table D-4, located in Appendix D ofthe PSD Air Quality Dispersion Modeling Analysis Report for PMIO, 

### summarizes the PMIO 

### emissions calculated for material transfer points.

GCC Dacotah E-22 Trinity ConsultantsTABLE E-IO. PMJO EMISSION FACTORS FOR MATERIAL TRANSFER POINTS 

### Material PMJO 

### Moisture Emission Content Factor Source Description ('Yo) (Ib/ton) 45 Quarried Limestone: Front-End Loader to Truck 2.90 0.0019 46 Sand: Front-End Loader to Truck (100% is loaded at the pit) 11.18 0.0003 46a Sand: Front-End Loader to Truck (10% oftotal sand delivery from 11.18 0.0003 pit is storedpriorto the process) 47 Shale: Pile to Truck 20.80 0.0001 49 Gypsum: Quarry to Truck 0.70 0.0141 49a Gypsum: Pile to Truck 0.70 0.0141 50 Crushed Limestone: Raw Shed to Truckby Front End Loader 2.90 0.0019 50a Crushed Limestone (CrusherBack-up): Pile to Truck (to process) 2.90 0.0019 SOb Crushed Limestone: Conveyorto Screen 2.90 0.0019 SOc CrushedLimestone: Conveyorto Raw Shed 2.90 0.0019 51 Strip Dirt from Quarry Area (to Quarry Limestone) 12.00 0.0003 52a AlkalilKiln Dry Waste Ash: Bin to Truck 0.05 0.5655 53 Quarried Limestone: Truckto Crusher 2.90 0.0019 54 Sand: Truck to Semi-Enclosed Shed (90% from offsite delivery and 11.18 0.0003 10% from storage pile) 54a Sand: Truckto Pile (10% from offsite delivery) 11.18 0.0003 55 Shale: FE Loader from Quarry to Crusher 20.80 0.0001 55a Shale: Truckto Shed (100%) 20.80 0.0001 55b Shale: Stackerto Pile 20.80 0.0001 56 Iron Ore: Truck to Pile 3.85 0.0013 56a Iron Ore:Front End Loaderto Shed 3.85 0.0013 57 Gypsum: Truckto Pile 0.70 0.0141 57a Gypsum: Truckto Crusher 0.70 0.0141 57b Gypsum: Conveyorto Gypsum Storage Shed 0.70 0.0141 58 Crushed Limestone (CrusherBack-up): Truckto Pile 2.90 0.0019 58a Crushed Limestone: Truckto Raw Shed 2.90 0.0019 62 Coal: Truckto Pile 33.73 0.0001 62a Coal: Truck/Front-End Loaderto Hopper 33.73 0.0001 63 Unloading Strip Dirt from Truck 12.00 0.0003 64a AlkalilKiln Dry Waste Ash Truckto Quarry 7.80 0.0005

GCCDacotah E-23 Trinity Consultants

### 2.3.2.2 ACTUAL EMISSIONS 

### Actual emissions for material handling operations are calculated as shown previously for potential emissions. Actual PMIQ emissions for material transfer points are calculated using the 1993 and 1994 Emissions Inventories. The PMIQ emission factor for each source remains the same as is calculated above. The PMIQ emission rates for material transfer points are presented in Table D-4, in Appendix D ofthe PSD Air Quality Dispersion Modeling Analysis Report for PMIQ.
. 

### 2.3.3 WIND EROSION EMISSIONS 

### Wind erosion sources include all quarry areas and exposed storage piles. 

### 2.3.3.1 POTENTIAL TO EMIT 

### Fugitive PMIQ emissions from these sources are calculated using the equation provided in Air and Waste Management Association's (AWMA)

### AirPollution EngineeringManuaZ?4 Forpurposes ofemissions calculations, the quarries and storage piles are assumed to be active all year.


### E PM = 

### 1.7 

# x (_s)x (365 - P ) 

# x**(~)** 1.5 235 15 (lb/day/acre)


### E PM 10 

## = k x 

### E PM 

### Where:



### P f k PM emission rate for active storage piles (lb/day/acre) PMIQ emission rate for active storage piles (lb/day/acre) silt content ofaggregate (%) number ofdays with 

### <: 0.01 inch ofprecipitation peryear percentage oftime that the unobstructed wind speed exceeds 12 mph at the mean pile height 0.5 (for PMIQ) The silt content ofthe various aggregates quarried and stored at the GCC Dacotah facility appear in Table E- 11. As is recommended by the AWMA manual, AP-42 Section 13.2.2, Figure 13.2.2-1 is used to determine the precipitation value, p, for the above equation. This analysis uses 92 days?5

24 Air & Waste Management Association (AWMA), AirPollution EngineeringManual (New York: AWMA, 1992), Fugitive Emissions: Storage-Pile Wind Erosion, p. 136. 25 U.S. EPA, Office ofAir and Radiation, Office ofAir Quality Planning and Standards, AP-42 Introduction to Fugitive Dust Sources: UnpavedRoads (Research Triangle Park, NC: U.S. EPA, September 1998), Section 13.2.2, Figure 13.2.2-1. 

### GCCDacotah E-24 Trinity Consultants

### The wind speed exceeds 12 mph for 29.8% ofthe time as calculated on a onehour basis using 1991 meteorological data from the Rapid City**area~6** TABLE 

### E- 11. SILT CONTENT OF AGGREGATES 

### Silt Content Material 

## (%) Iron Ore 1 

### 4.00 Limestone 1 

### 3.60 Coal! 2.72 Gypsum 2 

### 1.60 Sand 1 

### 1.14 Gypsum Muck 2 

### 1.00 Shale J 

### 0.54

1 The silt content is based on previous testing. 2 The siltcontentis based on AP-42 Section 13.2.4 Table 13.2.4-1. 

### Therefore, the PM IO 

### emission factor can be calculated as follows: E (ton/acre/yr) 

## = 0.5 x 1.7 x (_s) x (365

- 92 ) x

## (~) x (365 days ) x ( ton ) 1.5 235 15 yr 2,000 Ib 

### Table E- 12 summarizes the PMIO 

### emission factor calculation for the quarry areas and storage piles. The long-term and short-term PM IO 

### emission rates can be calculated as follows: PMIO 

### Emissions = 

### . ( ) (IOO-contro)(%)) ( ton) ProductIOn acres x x EF = 

### tpy 100 acre

## *yr 

### Table D-6, located in Appendix D ofthe PSD Air Quality Dispersion Modeling Analysis Report for PMIO, 

### summarizes the hourly and annual PMIO 

### emission rates for quarry areas and storage piles at GCC Dacotah.

26 Meteorological data consists ofsurface observations and upper airmeasurements from the Rapid City, South Dakota area met station (National Weather Service Station [NWS] station number 24090). The anemometer height was 6.4 meters during this time period. 

### GCC Dacotah E-25 Trinity ConsultantsTABLE E- 

### 12. PM10 EMISSION FACTORS FOR THE QUARRIES AND STORAGE PILES

PMIO 

### Emission Silt Content Factor Source Description (%) 

### (ton/acre/yr) 79 Shale Pile/Quany 0.54 0.13 79a Shale Pile at the Quany 0.54 0.13 82 Crushed Limestone Pile 3.60 0.86 83 Sand Pile 1.14 0.27 84 Sand Pit 1.14 0.27 84a Sand Pit2 1.14 0.27 85 Iron Ore Pile 4.00 0.95 86 Coal Pile 2.72 0.65 87 Gypsum Pile/Quany 1.60 0.38 87a Gypsum Pile 1.60 0.38 87b Gypsum Storage Shed 1.60 0.51 87c Gypsum MuckPile 1.00 0.24


### 2.3.3.2 ACTUAL EMISSIONS 

### It 

### is assumed that the emissions for wind erosion sources have remained constant since 1993; therefore, these values are the same as are used above to calculate potential emissions. Emission factors for each source remain the same as presented above. Table D-6, located in Appendix D ofthe PSD Air Quality Dispersion Modeling Analysis Report for PMIO, 

### provides a complete listing ofinformation for each source. 

### 2.3.4 PAVED 

### ROAD EMISSIONS


### 2.3.4.1 POTENTIAL TO EMIT 

### PMIO 

### emission factors for pavedroads are based on the following equation from AP-42 Section 13.2.1.3.27 

# (sL )0.65 

# (W)1.5 E kx
- x- 2 3

27 U.S. EPA, Office ofAir and Radiation, Office ofAir Quality Planning and Standards, AP-42 Introduction to Fugitive Dust Sources: PavedRoads (Research Triangle Park, NC: U.S. EPA, October 1997), Section 13.2.1, Subsection 13.2.1.3. 

### GCCDacotah E-26 Trinity Consultants

### Where: 

### E k 

### sL W 

## = particulate emission factor (having units matching the units 

### ofk) base emission factor for particle size (PMIO, 

### IbNMT) road surface silt loading (g/m2 ) average weight ofvehicles (tons) The base emission factor of0.016 IbNMT for PM IO 

### is obtained from AP-42 Section 13.2.1.3, Table 13.2_1.1.28 Table 13.2.1-2 ofthis section provides a worst-case silt loading value of3 g/m2for public paved roads and Table 13.2-1.3 from the same section provides a road surface silt loading value for a quarry area of8.2 g/m2

. The average weight ofvehicles used, W, is the calculated average loaded and unloaded weight ofthe vehicles for that unit. The U.S. EPA is proposing adding a second equation to this section which will incorporate precipitation. The use ofthis equation would further reduce the emission factors calculated for the paved roads at

## Gee Dacotah by 12.6%.29 Therefore, the emission factor can be calculated as follows:

( ) 0.65 ( 

# )1.5 E(lb/mi) 

### = 0.016 

# x**s~** 

# x: Accordingly, the controlled long-term and short-term PM IO 

### emission rates can be calculated as follows: PMIO 

### Emissions 

## = VehicleTravel (;)

# xCOO

-

# C ;;;OI(%))

# x(EF:) =tpy
Table D-8, located in Appendix D ofthe PSD Air Quality Dispersion Modeling Analysis Report for PM IO, 

### summarizes the emission factors and emission rates for the paved roads at 

## Gee Dacotah. 

### 2.3.4.2 ACTUAL EMISSIONS 

### Actual emissions for. the paved road sources are calculated as depicted above for potential emissions. Actual vehicle weight is as reported in the 1993 and 1994 Emissions Inventories. The emission factor is calculated as shown above.

28 

### U.S. EPA, Office ofAirand Radiation, Office ofAir QualityPlanning and Standards, AP-42 Introduction to FugitiveDust Sources: PavedRoads 

### (Research TrianglePark, NC: 

### U.S. EPA, October 1997), Section 13.2.1.3, Table 13.2- 1.1. 29 

### U.S. EPA, Office ofAirand Radiation, Office ofAirQualityPlanning and Standards, AP-42 Introduction to Fugitive Dust Sources: PavedRoads 

### (Research Triangle Park, NC: 

### U.S. EPA, DRAFT 

### October2001), Page 13.2.1-4. 

## Gee Dacotah E-27 Trinity Consultants

### 2.3.5 Table D-8, located in Appendix D ofthe PSD Air Quality Dispersion Modeling Analysis Report for PM IO, 

### summarizes the actual emission rates. UNPAVED ROAD EMISSIONS 

### 2.3.5.1 POTENTIAL TO EMIT 

### PMIO 

### emission factors for unpaved roads are based on the following equation from AP-42 Section 13.2.2.2.30

E



### Where: 

### E k, a, b, c s 

### W M size-specific emission factor (lbNMT) empirical constants (PMIO) 

### surface siltmaterial content (%) mean vehicle weight (tons) surface material moisture content (%) The empirical constants used in this calculation are found in AP-42 Section 13.2.2, Table 13.2.2-2. ForPM IO, 

### the constants k, a, b, and c are given as 2.6, 0.8,0.4, and 0.3, respectively. The surface material moisture content for ahaul truck on an unpaved road is 2.4% according to AP-42 Section 11.9, Table 11.9_2.31 

### Unpaved road silt contents for stone crushing operations range from 5 to 10% by weight. 32 

### A value of8% is assumed for this analysis. The mean weight (loaded and unloaded) ofvehicles used is calculated for each unit. It 

### is conservatively assumed that the average speed is greater than 15 mph. Thus, the emission factor can be calculated as follows: 

# (8)0.8 

# (W) 0.' 2.6 x - x- E 

### (lb/mi) =

__->---,12---,-_"....,-'---,3--<-_

### ~)0'3 0.2

30 U.S. EPA, Office ofAir and Radiation, Office ofAir Quality Planning and Standards, AP-42 Introduction to Fugitive Dust Sources: UnpavedRoads (Research Triangle Park, NCo U.S. EPA, September 1998), Section 13.2.2, Figure 13.2.2-1. 31 U.S. EPA, Office ofAir and Radiation, Office ofAir Quality Planning and Standards, AP-42 Introduction to MineralProducts Industry: Western Surface CoalMining (Research Triangle Park, NCo U.S. EPA, October 1998), Section 11.9, Table 11.9-2. 32 Dr. John Richards, Ph.D., P.E., Todd Brozell, P.E., and Brian Palm, "Stone Crushing," page 5. 

### GCC Dacotah E-28 Trinity Consultants

### Accordingly, the controlled long and short-term PMIO 

### emission rates can be calculated as follows. PMIO 

### Emissions 

## = VehicleTraver(;:)

# xCOO-C~;:Ol(%))

# x(EF

# ~) =tpy
Table E- 13 summarizes the emission factor calculations ofPMIO 

### for unpaved roads. Table D-8, located in Appendix D ofthe PSD Air Quality Dispersion Modeling Analysis Report for PM IO, 

### summarizes the emission rates for the unpaved roads at GCC Dacotah. TABLE E-13. 

### PM\o EMISSION FACTORS FORTHE UNPAVED ROADS


### Mean PMIO 

### Vehicle Emission Weight Factor Source Description (tons) (Ib/mi) 97A Miscellaneous Travel 2.0 0.76 99 AlkalilKiln Waste Bin-Quarry 51.3 2.78 101 Quarry Limestone (Quarry to Crusher) Traffic 81.0 3.33 

### 2.3.5.2 ACTUAL EMISSIONS 

### Actual emissions for the unpaved roads are calculated as shown above for potential emissions using the appropriate 1993 and 1994 average production levels. Emission factors are calculated as shown above using the average vehicle weights reported in the 1993 and 1994 Emissions Inventories. Table D-8, located in Appendix D ofthe PSD Air Quality Dispersion Modeling Analysis Report for PMIO, 

### summarizes the emission factors and actual emission rates.

GCC Dacotah E-29 Trinity Consultants

## 2.4 NET INCREASE Table E- 14 details the net increase in PMIO 

### emissions at the facility. TABLE E- 14. NET INCREASE OF

### PM\o EMISSIONS


### Past Actual Future Potential Net Emissions Emission Unit(s) Emissions Emissions Increase (tpy) (tpy) (tpy) Kiln No.6 32.60 52.34 19.74 Clinker Cooler 19.97 37.62 17.65 Alkali By-Pass 3.05 10.35 7.30 Coal Dryer 0.00 9.15 9.15 Dust Collectors 68.97 38.55 -30.42 Topsoil Removal 0.09 0.14 0.05 Drilling 0.01 0.01 0.00 Shale Crusher 0.01 0.Q1 0.00 Disturbed Area 7.37 10.57 3.20 Material Transfer 3.97 7.44 3.47 Wind Erosion 13.99 13.99 0.00 Paved Roads 0.85 2.38 1.53 Unpaved Roads 11.43 14.97 3.54 Total 162.31 197.52 35.21
The total PM IO 

### emissions increase of35.21 tpy is in excess ofthe PSD significance level of 15 tpy. 

## 2.5 CREDITABLE EMISSION CHANGES No creditable emissions changes occurred during the contemporaneous period; therefore, the project is subject to a PSD review for PM IO•



### GCCDacotah E-30 Trinity Consultants

### GCC Dacotah 

### APPENDIXF

MODIFIED SOURCE INFORMAnON



### Trinity ConsultantsTABLE

### F-l. LC COORDINATES AND PMIO NET EMISSION L
....CREASES CORRESPONDING TO THE GCC DACOTAH MODIFICATIONS 

## *
LC LC PMIO Net Source 

### ID East North Emissions Increase Number Number Source Description (rn) (m) (g/s) I SRCI EDC 10I Crushers 114,012 183,356 8.1466E-03 2 SRC2 EDC 102 Screen 114,006 183,311 9.7759E-03 3 SRC3 ESP402 Wet Process Rotary Kiln No.4 114,004 183,158 O.OOOOE+OO 4 SRC4 ESP403 Wet Process Rotary Kiln No.5 114,005 183,171 O.OOOOE+OO 5a SRC5a EDC416 (S) Wet Process Clinker Coolers 114,174 183,116 O.OOOOE+OO 5b SRC5b EDC416(N) Wet Process Clinker Coolers 114,174 183,124 O.OOOOE+OO 6 SRC6 EDC652 Kiln Feed Storage Silo 113,997 183,226 5.0916E-02 6a SRC6a EDC501 Rock Silo to Loesche Mill 114,009 183,218 6.843IE-02 6b SRC6b EDC602 Kiln Feed Storage Silo to Kiln 114,030 183,223 3.2586E-02 7 SRC7 EDC421 Penthouse No.1 (Wet) 113,873 183,126 O.OOOOE+OO 7a SRC7a EDC420 Penthouse No.1 (Wet) 114,026 183,141 O.OOOOE+OO 7b SRC7b EDC710 Penthouse No.1 (Wet) 113,904 183,113 2.3625E-03 7c SRC7c EDC703 Raw Shed to Loesche Mill 114,005 183,254 2.6069E-02 7d SRC7d EDC706 Raw Shed to Loesche Mill. 114,033 183,284 6.I099E-03 7e SRC7e EDC705 Gyp Shed to Old Clinker 114,068 183,282 7.1902E-04 7f SRC7f EDC704 Gyp Shedto Old Clinker 114,106 183,281 2.6069E-02 7g SRC7g EDC70I BC 107 to BC 108 Transfer 114,014 183,326 7.1902E-04 8 SRC8 EDC614 Penthouse No.2 (Dry) 113,876 183,248 4.7250E-02 8a SRC8a EDC627 Penthouse No.2 (Dry) 114,123 183,204 3.3075E-02 8b SRC8b EDC613 Penthouse No.2 (Dry) 113,948 183,214 4.4888E-02 8c SRC8c EDC707 Rock Silo Discharge 113,998 183,239 1.6293E-03 9 SRC9 EDC619 No.6 Mill, Preheater, Kiln 113,941 183,197 1.5057E+00 10 SRCIO EDC615 Dry Process Clinker Cooler 114,150 183,218 1.0823E+00 11 SRCII EDC623 Dry Process Alkali By Pass Bin 114,049 183,220 2.9736E-01 12 SRCI2 EDC73 I Finish Mill No.3 114,087 183,075 1.2261E-02 13 SRCI3 EDC741 Finish Mill No.4 114,070 183,075 1.6506E-02 14 SRCI4 EDC751 Finish Mill No.5 114,059 183,088 5.6731E-02 15 SRC15 EDC761 Finish Mill No.6 114,048 183,089 5.8328E-02 16 SRC16 EDC771 Finish Mill No.7 114,020 183,091 1.1194E-01 16a SRCI6a EDC772 Finish Mill No.7 114,030 183,079 3.2169E-01 16b SRCI6b EDC708 Finish Mill No.7 114,020 183,101 3.3922E-03 16c SRCI6c EDC709 Finish Mill No.7 114,023 183,101 6.2190E-03 16d SRC16d EDC713 Finish Mill No.7 114,076 183,106 1.7719E-02 17 SRC17 EDC804 Bulk Storage Silos 114,237 183,035 9.6298E-03 18 SRC18 EDC821 Bulk Storage Silos 114,248 183,069 9.6298E-03 19 SRCI9 EDC805 Bulk Storage Silos 114,239 183,086 9.6298E-03

.

GCC Dacotah 

### F-l Trinity ConsultantsLC LC PMIO Net Source ID East North Emissions Increase Number Number Source Description (m) (m) (g/s) 20 SRC20 EDC832 Bulk Storage Silos 114,237 183,019 9.6298E 21 SRC21 EDC824 Bulk Storage Silos 114,269 183,027 9.6298E 24 SRC24 EDC827 Rail Storage Silos 114,218 183,051 9.6298E 25 SRC25 EDC828 Rail Storage Silos 114,207 183,036 9.6298E 26 SRC26 EDC834 Rail Storage Silos 114,215 183,036 9.6298E 27 SRC27 EDC853 Bulk Rail Loadout 114,220 183,073 9.5020E 28 SRC28 EDC854 Bulk Rail Loadout 114,224 183,076 9.5020E 35 SRC35 EDC825 East Truck Loadout 114,268 183,033 1.5253E 36 SRC36 EDC826 WestTruck Loadout 114,265 183,023 1.5253E 38 SRC38 EDC802 CementBagging 114,246 183,114 5.6370E 40 SRC40 EDC419 Wet Kiln to Waste Bin 114,022 183,182 2.0564E 41b SRC4lb EDC274 Coal Dryer-StackerTop 114,101 183,540 5.4510E 41c SRC4lc EDC275 Coal Dryer-Surge Bin Top 114,130 183,493 2.7255E 41d SRC4ld EDC702 Coal Tunnel to Stacker 114,067 183,559 2.7255E 41e SRC4le EDC276 Coal Dryer-Surge Bin Top 114,129 183,491 2.1804E 41f SRC41f EDC277 Coal Dryer-Transfer 114,179 183,406 5.4510E 41g SRC41g EDC280 Coal Dryer-Coal Bin#4 114,168 183,148 1.2314E 41h SRC41h EDC279Coal Dryer-Coal Bin#5 114,169 183,170 2.3678E 41 i SRC4li EDC278 Coal Dryer-Coal Bin#6 114,142 183,175 5.4510E 41j SRC41j EDC630 Coal Dryer-Coal System No.6 114,129 183,172 5.1784E 62b SRC62b EDC272/3 Coal: Hopperto Conveyor 114,038 183,578 5.4510E

• According to Section 3.7 ofthis modeling report, fugitive PM,. emissions are not considered in the CALPUFF analysis. All dust collector

PM" net emissions increases (SRCs 1 -41j and 62b) are combined and emitted through the main stack, i.e., SRC 9.

GCC Dacotah 

### F-2 Trinity Consultants

### GCC Dacotah 

### APPENDIXG

SAMPLE CALPOST INPUT FILE

Trinity ConsultantsGCC Dacotah

- Rapid City, South Dakota 53 x 43 computational grid 4 kID spacing Visibility Analysis: Badlands

---------------- Run title (3 lines)
CALPOST MODEL CONTROL FILE

INPUT GROUP: 0 -- Input and Output File Names Input Files
File Conc/Dep Flux File Relative Humidity File Background Data File Transmissometerl Nephelometer Data File Output Files
File List File Default File Name MODEL.DAT VISB.DAT BACK.DAT VSRN.DAT

Default File Name CALPOST.LST =CALPUFF.CON =CALPUFF.VIS ! MODDAT ! VISDAT *BACKDAT *VSRDAT = 

### * 

### *

PSTLST =CALPOST.LST Pathname for Timeseries Files (blank) (activate with exclamation points only if providing NON-BLANK character string) Pathname for Plot Files (blank) (activate with exclamation points only if providing NON-BLANK character string) * TSPATH

* PLPATH 

### *

*

User Character String (U) to augment default filenames (activate with exclamation points only if providing NON-BLANK character string) Timeseries TSttUUUU.DAT * TSUNAM * Top Nth Rank Plot RttUUUUU.DAT or RttiiUUU.GRD * TUNAM * Exceedance Plot XttUUUUU.DAT or XttUUUUU.GRD * XUNAM * Echo Plot jjjtthhU.DAT (Specific Days) or jjjtthhU.GRD * EUNAM * Visibility Plot V24UUUUU.DAT * VUNAM * (Daily Peak Summary)All file names will be converted to lower case if LCFILES = T Otherwise, if LCFILES = F, file names will be converted to UPPER CASE T = lower case ! LCFILES = F ! F = UPPER CASE NOTE: (1) file/path names can be up to 70 characters in length NOTE: (2) Filenames for ALL PLOT and TIMESERIES FILES are constructed using a template that includes a pathname, user-supplied character(s), and fixed strings (tt,ii,jjj, and hh), where tt = Averaging Period (e.g. 03) ii = Rank (e.g. 02) jjj= Julian Day hh = Hour (ending) are determined internally. based on selections made below. If a path or user-supplied character(s) are supplied, each must contain at least 1 non-blank character. !END!

INPUT GROUP: 1 -- General run control parameters Option to run all periods found in the met. file(s) (METRUN) Default: 0 ! METRUN 1 METRUN METRUN 

## o - Run period explicitly defined below 1

- Run all periods in CALPUFF data file(s) Starting date: Year (ISYR) No default ISYR 1990 (used only if Month (ISMO) No default ISMO 0 METRUN = 0) Day (ISDY) No default ISDY 0 Hour (ISHR) No default ISHR 0 Number of hours to process (NHRS) No default NHRS 0 Process every hour of data? (NREP) Default: 1 NREP 1

(1 every hour processed, 2 every 2nd hour processed, 5 every 5th hour processed, etc. ) Species 

### & Concentration/Deposition Information Species to process (ASPEC) -- No default ASPEC VISIB (ASPEC = VISIB for visibility processing) Layer/deposition code (ILAYER) Default: 1 '1' for CALPUFF concentrations, '-I' for dry deposition fluxes, '-2' for wet deposition fluxes, '-3' for wet+dry deposition fluxes. ILAYER 1

Scaling factors of the form: X(new) = X(old) 

### * A + B (NOT applied if A = B = 0.0) Defaults: A 0.0 

### B 

### = 0.0 A B 0.0 0.0
Add Hourly Background Concentrations/Fluxes? (LBACK) -- Default: F LBACK FReceptor information
Gridded receptors processed? Discrete receptors processed? CTSG Complex terrain receptors (LG)

-- Default: F (LD)

-- Default: F processed? (LCT)

-- Default: F LG LD LCT F T F --Report results by DISCRETE receptor RING? (only used when LD = T) (LDRING)

-- Default: F ! LORING F --Select range of DISCRETE receptors (only used when LD = T) : Select ALL DISCRETE receptors by setting NDRECP flag to -1; OR Select SPECIFIC DISCRETE receptors by entering a flag (0,1) for each 

## o = discrete receptor not processed 1 = discrete receptor processed using repeated value notation to select blocks of receptors: 23*1, 15*0, 12*1 Flag for all receptors after the last one assigned is set to 0 (NDRECP)

-- Default: -1 ! NDRECP -1
--Select range of GRIDDED receptors (only used when LG = T) : X index of LL corner (IBGRID) 

## -- Default: -1 ! IBGRID -1 (-1 OR 1 <= IBGRID <= NX) Y index of LL corner (JBGRID)


### -- Default: -1 JBGRID -1 (-1 OR 1 <= JBGRID <= NY) X index of DR corner (IEGRID) Default: -1 IEGRID -1 (-1 OR 1 <= IEGRID <= NX) Y index of DR corner (JEGRID) Default: -1 JEGRID -1 (-1 OR 1 <= JEGRID <= NY) Note: Entire grid is processed if IBGRID=JBGRID=IEGRID=JEGRID=-l --Specific gridded receptors can also be excluded from CALPOST processing by filling a processing grid array with Os and Is. If the processing flag for receptor index (i,j) is 1 (ON), that receptor will be processed if it lies within the range delineated by IBGRID, JBGRID,IEGRID,JEGRID and if LG=T. If it is 0 (OFF), it will not be processed in the run. By default, all array values are set to 1 (ON). Number of gridded receptor rows provided in Subgroup (la) to identify specific gridded receptors to process (NGONOFF)

-- Default: 0 ! NGONOFF 0
!END!
Subgroup (la)

-- Specific gridded receptors included/excludedSpecific gridded receptors are excluded from CALPOST processing by filling a processing grid array with Os and ls. A total of NGONOFF lines are read here. Each line corresponds to one 'row' in the sampling grid, starting with the NORTHERNMOST row that contains receptors that you wish to exclude, and finishing with row 1 to the SOUTH (no intervening rows may be skipped). Within a row, each receptor position is assigned either a 0 or 1, starting with the westernmost receptDr. 

## o gridded receptor not processed 1 

### = gridded receptor processed Repeated value notation may be used to select blocks of receptors: 23*1, 15*0, 12*1 Because all values are initially set to 1, any receptors north of the first row entered, or east of the last value provided in a row, remain ON. (NGXRECP)**-~** Default: 1

INPUT GROUP: 2 -- Visibility Parameters (ASPEC VISIB)
Maximum relative humidity (%) used in particle growth curve (RHMAX) Default: 98 ! RHMAX 98.0
Modeled species to be included in computing the light extinction

Include SULFATE? Include NITRATE? Include ORGANIC CARBON? Include COARSE PARTICLES? Include FINE PARTICLES? Include ELEMENTAL CARBON? (LVS04 ) (LVN03) (LVOC) (LVPMC) (LVPMF) (LVEC) Default: T Default: T Default: T Default: T Default: T Default: T LVS04 LVN03 LVOC LVPMC LVPMF LVEC T T F F T F And, when ranking for TOP-N, TOP-50, and Exceedance tables,

Include BACKGROUND? (LVBK) Default: T ! LVBK F Species name used for particulates in MODEL.DAT file COARSE (SPECPMC) Default: PMC ! SPECPMC PM2.5 FINE (SPECPMF) Default: PMF SPECPMF PM10
Extinction Efficiency (l/Mm per ug/m**3) MODELED particulate species:

EEPMCBK 

### = 1.0 ! PM COARSE PM FINE BACKGROUND particulate PM COARSE (EEPMC) (EEPMF) species: (EEPMCBK) Default: 0.6 Default: 1. 0 Default: 0.6 EEPMC EEPMF 1.0 1.0 1·
Other species:**~~MONIUM** SULFATE AMMONIUM NITRATE ORGANIC CARBON SOIL (EES04 ) (EEN03) (EEOC) (EESOIL) -- Default: Default: Default: Default: 3.0 3.0 4.0 1.0 EES04 EEN03 EEOC EESOIL 3.0 3.0 4.0 1.0ELEMENTAL CARBON (EEEC) -- Default: 10. Background Extinction Computation EEEC 10.0

Method used for background light extinction (MVISBK)

-- Default: 6 ! MVISBK 

### = 2 1 Supply single light extinction and hygroscopic fraction

- IWAQM (1993) RH adjustment applied to hygroscopic background and modeled sulfate and nitrate 2 Compute extinction from speciated PM measurements (A)

- Hourly RH adjustment applied to observed and modeled sulfate and nitrate

- RH factor is capped at RHMAX 3 Compute extinction from speciated PM measurements (B)

- Hourly RH adjustment applied to observed and modeled sulfate and nitrate

- Receptor-hour excluded if RH>RHMAX

- Receptor-day excluded if fewer than 6 valid receptorhours 4 

### = Read hourly transmissometer background extinction measurements

- Hourly RH adjustment applied to modeled sulfate and nitrate

- Hour excluded if measurement invalid (missing, interference, or large RH)

- Receptor-hour excluded if RH>RHMAX

- Receptor-day excluded if fewer than 6 valid receptorhours 5 = Read hourly nephelometer background extinction measurements

- Rayleigh extinction value (BEXTRAY) added to measurement

- Hourly RH adjustment applied to modeled sulfate and nitrate

- Hour excluded if measurement invalid (missing, interference, or large RH)

- Receptor-hour excluded if RH>RHMAX

- Receptor-day excluded if fewer than 6 valid receptorhours 6 Compute extinction from speciated PM measurements

- FLAG RH adjustment factor applied to observed and modeled sulfate and nitrate Additional inputs used for MVISBK 

### = 1:

Background light extinction (l/Mm) (BEXTBK) -- No default ! BEXTBK 0.0 Percentage of particles affected by relative humidity (RHFRAC) -- No default ! RHFRAC 0.0 Additional inputs used for MVISBK 

### = 6:

Extinction coefficients for hygroscopic species (modeled and background) are computed using a monthly RH adjustment factor in place of an hourly RH factor (VISB.DAT file is NOT needed).Enter the 12 monthly factors here (RHFAC). Month 1 is January. (RHFAC) -- No default RHFAC = 3.7, 3.7, 3.7, 3.7, 3.7, 3.7, 3.7, 3.7, 3.7, 3.7, 3.7, 3.7 ! Additional inputs used for MVISBK = 2,3,6:

Background extinction coefficients are computed from monthly CONCENTRATIONS of ammonium sulfate (BKS04), ammonium nitrate (BKN03) , coarse particulates (BKPMC), organic carbon (BKOC), soil (BKSOIL), and elemental carbon (BKEC)
. Month 1 is January. (ug/m**3) (BKS04 ) No default BKS04 0.2, 0.2, 0.2, 0.2, 0.2, 0.2, 0.2, 0.2, 0.2, 0.2, 0.2, 0.2 ! (BKN03) -- No default BKN03 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, O. 0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, O. 0, 0.0, O. 0, 0.0, 0.0 ! (BKPMC) 

### -- No default BKPMC 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, O. 0, 0.0, 0.0, O. 0, O. 0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0 ! (BKOC) -- No default BKOC 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, O. 0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 

## o. 0, 0.0, 0.0, 

## o. 0, 0.0 ! (BKSOIL) -- No default BKSOIL= 4.5, 4 .5, 4 .5, 4.5, 4.5, 4.5, 4 .5, 4.5, 4.5, 4.5, 4 .5, 4.5 ! (BKEC) 

### -- No default BKEC 0.0, 0.0, 

## o. 0, 

## o. 0, 

## o. 0, 

## o. 0, 

## o. 0, 

## o. 0, 0.0, 

## o. 0, 

## o. 0, 0.0 ! Additional inputs used for MVISBK = 2,3,5,6:

Extinction due to Rayleigh scattering is added (l/Mm) (BEXTRAY) -- Default: 10.0 ! BEXTRAY
!END!

INPUT GROUP: 3 -- Output options Output Units 10.0

Units for"All Output for Concentration 1 g/m**3 2 mg/m**3 3 ug/m**3 4 ng/m**3 5 Odour Units (IPRTU) -- Default: 1 for Deposition

g/m**2/s mg/m**2/s ug/m**2/s ng/m**2/s IPRTU 1

Visibility: extinction expressed in l/Mega-meters (IPRTU is ignored)Averaging time(s) reported
I-hr averages 3-hr averages 24-hr averages Run-length averages (LIHR) (L3HR) (L24HR) (LRUNL) Default: T Default: T Default: T Default: T LIHR L3HR L24HR LRUNL F F T T User-specified averaging time in hours

- results for an averaging time of NAVG hours are reported for NAVG greater than 0: (NAVG)

-- Default: 0 Types of tabulations reported NAVG 

## o

1) Visibility: daily visibility tabulations are always reported for the selected receptors when ASPEC 

### = VISIB. In addition, any of the other tabulations listed below may be chosen to characterize the light extinction coefficients. [List file or Plot/Analysis File] 2) Top 50 table for each averaging time selected [List file only] (LT50)

-- Default: T LT50 T 3) Top 'N' table for each averaging time selected [List file or Plot file] (LTOPN)

-- Default: F LTOPN T

4 Number of 'Top-N' values at each receptor selected (NTOP must be <= 4) (NTOP)

-- Default: 4 NTOP Specific ranks of 'Top-N' values reported (NTOP values must be entered) (ITOP(4) array)

-- Default: ITOP 1,2,3,4 4

1 , 2 , 3 ,

for each receptor and each averaging 4) Threshold exceedance counts time selected [List file or Plot file] (LEXCD) Default: F LEXCD = F Identify the threshold for each averaging time by assigning a non-negative value (output units)
. Default: -1.0 Threshold for I-hr averages (THRESHl) THRESHI -1. 0 Threshold for 3-hr averages (THRESH3) THRESH3 -1. 0 Threshold for 24-hr averages (THRESH24 ) THRESH24 -1. 0 Threshold for NAVG-hr averages (THRESHN) THRESHN -1. 0Counts for the shortest averaging period selected can be tallied daily, and receptors that experience more than NCOUNT counts over any NDAY period will be reported. This type of exceedance violation output is triggered only if NDAY > O. Accumulation period(Days) (NDAY) 

### -- Default: 

### 0 NDAY 0 Number of exceedances allowed (NCOUNT) 

# -- Default: 1 NCOUNT 1 5) Selected day tablets) Echo Option 

### -- Many records are written each averaging period selected and output is grouped by day [List file or Plot file] (LECHO) 

## -- Default: F LECHO 

### = F Timeseries Option**~-** Averages at all selected receptors for each selected averaging period are written to timeseries files. Each file contains one averaging period, and all receptors are written to a single record each averaging time. [TSttUUUU.DAT files] (LTIME)

-- Default: F Days selected for output (IECHO(366))

-- Default: 366*0 ! IECHO 

### = 366*1 ! (366 values must be entered) Plot output options LTIME F

Plot files can be created for the Top-N, Exceedance, and Echo tables selected above. Two formats for these files are available, DATA and GRID. In the DATA format, results at all receptors are listed along with the receptor location [x,y,val1,va12,
... ]. In the GRID format, results at only gridded receptors are written, using a compact representation. The gridded values are written in rows (x varies), starting with the most southern row of the grid. The GRID format is given the .GRD extension, and includes headers compatible with the SURFER(R) plotting software. A plotting and analysis file can also be created for the daily peak visibility summary output, in DATA format only. Generate Plot file output in addition to writing tables to List file? (LPLT)

-- Default: F Use GRID format rather than DATA format, when available? (LGRD)

-- Default: F
Additional Debug Output Output selected information to List file ! LPLT

LGRD F

Ffor debugging?
!END! (LDEBUG) -- Default: 

### F LDEBUG F

### GCCDacotah 

### ApPENDIXH

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### GCC Dacotah 

### APPENDIX!

RELATIVE HUMIDITY ANALYSIS



### Trinity Consultants

## REVISED DECEMBER 12, 2002 Relative humidity data for years prior and post 1990 are researched to determine ifJanuary 1990 relative humidity values are higher or lowerthan during otheryears. The research focuses on January data due to the fact that the model-predicted light extinction values for January 16 and 17, 1990 are significantly higher in magnitude than any other model-predicted light extinction values: 15.97 percent for January 16, 1990 and 12.22 percent for January 17, 1990. Two years ofrelative humidity data priorto 1990 (namely 1988 and 1989) and after 1990 (namely 1991 and 1992) are examined to determine ifthe 1990 data is representative ofsurrounding years. The maximum hourly relative humidity data was obtained from the Rapid City Regional Airport (WBAN ill 

### 24090) to correspond to the surface station selected for temperature interpolation within the GCC Dacotah CALMET analysis (Section 2). Light extinction values for January 16th 

### and 17th 

### are calculatedbased on the relative humidity values from 1988, 1989, 1991, and 1992. The relative humidity values on January 16th 

### and 17th 

### for all otheryears are lower than those occurring in 1990 as summarized in Table 

### 1-1. TABLE I-I. RELATIVE HUMIDITY VALUES FORJANUARY 16 AND 17,1988-1992· January 16 January 17 Year Maximum Hourly Maximum Hourly Relative Humidity Relative Humidity 

## (%) (%) 1988 74 88 1989 61 66 1990 100 96 1991 92 81 1992 82 88

.. • Relaave Humtdtty data was purchased from the National Chmaac Data Center

(NCDC), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) on June 27, 2002. 

### Extinction change is based on a 24-hour average. Therefore, hourly extinction change values for January 16 and 17, 1990 are determined by postprocessing the CALPUFF data on an hourly average. By postprocessing the data on an hourly average, the hours significantly contributing to the 24-hourlight extinction change canbe analyzed for any abnormal data and inconsistencies. ForJanuary 16, 1990, the model-predicted light extinction change is affected by hours 18-23 only, corresponding to 6 P.M. through 11 P.M. The relative humidity factor utilizedby the model is 18.059 corresponding to a 100 percentrelative humidity value. Table 1-1 shows that 1991 and 1992 represent the two years surrounding 1990 with the second and third highestrelative humidity values: 92 percent and 82 percent, respectively. Ifall hours between 18-23 are substituted with a relative humidity value of92 percent corresponding to 1991, leaving all otherhourly relative humidity values identical to the modelpredicted values, the 24-hour calculated light extinction change is 5.71 percent. Ifsubstituted with a relative humidity value of82 percentcorresponding to 1992, the 24-hourcalculatedlight extinction change is 2.91 percent. Thus, by changing the relative humidity value for 6 hours ofJanuary 16, 1990 to values from 1991 or 1992, the light extinction change is reducedconsiderably with a model-predicted

GCC Dacotah I-I Trinity Consultants

## REVISED DECEMBER 12, 2002 extinction change below the FLM's FLAG threshold ofa 5 percent light extinction change for the 1992 scenario; a significantreduction from 15.97 percent. Table 1-2 contains the spreadsheet used to calculate the light extinction values for January 16 using data representing 1991 and 1992. Note that the light extinction changes for 1991 and 1992 are derived from the ratio ofthe 1990 light extinction change and the corresponding relative humidity factors in these years. This method can be used because the light extinction values due to S02 and 

### NO, emissions have a linearrelationship with the relative humidity factor and the light extinction due to 502and 

### NO, emissions dominates the total light extinction contribution from all emissions (S02> 

### NO" and PMIO). 

### Moreover, the hourly background extinction value is calculated based on the corresponding hourly relative humidity factor. A similarcalculation is completed for January 17th• 

### As listed in Table 1-I, the two years corresponding to the second and third highestrelative humidity values surrounding 1990 are 1992 and 1991 with values of 88 percent and 81 percent, respectively. For January 17, 1990, the 24-hour model-predicted light extinction value is most affected by hours 0 to 2 corresponding to II P.M. ofJanuary 16th 

### to 2 A.M of January 17th• 

### During this 3-hourperiod, the first hourhas arelative humidity factor of 18.059, which equals 100 percent relative humidity; the second and third hourhave relative humidity factors of 12.429, which equals 96 percent. For each ofthese three hours, relative humidity values from 1992 and 1991 are substituted, leaving all other factors identical to the original 24-hour average model-predicted value. Based on the substitution ofrelative humidity at 88 percent and 81 percent, the calculated light extinction is 6.42 percent and 5.70 percent, respectively. In this circumstance, the light extinction change is drastically reduced, i.e., from an original value of12.22 percent. Table 1-3 contains the spreadsheet used to calculate the new extinction values for January 17. Based on the research conducted on the relative humidity values for January 16th 

### and 17th 

### from 1988, 1989, 1991, and 1992, all relative humidity values are below the values occurring in 1990. Since the visibility analysis for GCC Dacotah utilized the 1990 meteorological data (based on the availability ofthe mesoscale (MM4) data), the light extinction values are based onrelative humidity values higher than any surrounding years. Therefore, the 24-hour average extinction change based on the 1990 meteorological data may have overestimated the visibility impact ofthe modeled emissions.

GCC Dacotah 1-2 Trinity ConsultantsTABLE 1-2. EXTINCTION CHANeCULATIONS FOR JANUARY 16

Calpost Hourly Data from Scenario: (101102)Seenarlo,· Visibility

- S02 Scenarios. Updated Distribution. Run2. Badland•• Visibility Project Background ExtlneUon Extinction Coefficient COfIfflclenl Yu, D.y Hoo, (Mm"') (Mm") RHI< f(RH) 1990 16 0 0 25.335 18.059 1990 16 1 0 25.335 18.059 1990 16 

# , 0 21.957 12.429 1990 16 3 0 18.065 5.941 1990 16 

## • 0 21.957 12.429 1990 16 5 0 21.957 12.429 1990 16 5 0 21.957 12.429 1990 16 7 0 21.957 12.429 1990 16 8 0 21.957 12.429 1990 16 9 0 21.957 12.429 1990 16 10 0 21.957 12.429 1990 16 11 0 21.951 12.429 1990 16 12 0 18.065 5.941 1990 16 13 0 21.957 12.429 1990 16 

## " 0 21.957 12.429 1990 16 15 0 18.065 5.941 1990 16 16 0 21.957 12.429 1990 16 17 0 25.335 100 18.059 1990 16 18 1.435 25.335 100 18.059 1990 16 19 12.547 25.335 100 18.059 1990 16 20 24.827 25.335 100 18.059 1990 16 21 23.538 25.335 100 18.059 1990 16 

## " 16.079 25.335 100 18.059 1990 16 23 8.729 25.335 100 18.059 24-tY: 3.631 22.737 Based on**2~ur** EXlinclion%: 15.97 average for January 16. 1990 Expected R.sult wlth DIff

....nt**R.lati~** Humldlt1 Values: Proj.ct Background 1991 Project Background 1992 Extinction Exti_n Exti_n Exti_n Coeffic'-nt Coefficient Coefficient Coefficient**Ho~** (Mm'" (Mm") RHI< f{RH)**Ho~** Mm") (Mm") RHI< f(RH) 0 0 25.3354 18.059 0 0 25.3354 18.059 1 0 25.3354 18.059 1 0 25.3354 18.059 

## , 0 21.9574 12.429 

# , 0 21.9574 12.429 3 0 18.0646 5.941 3 0 18.0646 5.941 

## • 0 21.9574 12.429 4 0 21.9574 12.429 5 0 21.9574 12.429 5 0 21.9574 12.429 8 0 21.9574 12.429 

# • 0 21.9574 12.429 7 0 21.9574 12.429 7 0 21.9574 12.429 8 0 21.9574 12.429 8 0 21.9574 12.429 9 0 21.9574 12.429 9 0 21.9574 12.429 10 0 21.9574 12.429 10 0 21.9574 12.429 11 0 21.9574 12.429 11 0 21.9574 12.429 12 0 18.0646 5.941 12 0 18.0646 5.941 13 0 21.9574 12.429 13 0 21.9574 12.429 14 0 21.9574 12.429 14 0 21.9574 12.429 15 0 18.0646 5.941 15 0 18.0646 5.941 15 0 21.9574 12.429 15 0 21.9574 12.429 17 0 25.3354 18.059 17 0 25.3354 18.059 18 0.4721 18.0647 

# " 5.9412 18 0.2351 16.2755 82 2.9592 19 4.1278 18.0647 92 5.9412 19 2.0560 16.2755 82 2.9592 20 8.1678 18.0647 92 5.9412 20 '.0682 16.2755 82 2.9592 21 7.7437 18.0647 92 5.9412 21 3.8570 16.2755 82 2.9592 

# " 5.2898 18.0647 92 5.9412 

## " 2.6348 16.2755 82 2.9592 23 2.8717 18.0647 92 5.9412 23 1.4304 16.2755 82 2.9592 

## '''''' 1.195 20.920 Based on 240hour 24«: 0.595 20.473 Based on 240hour ElC1inclion%: 5.71 average for Extnction%: 2.91 average for January 16,1991 January 16,1992

GCCDacolah 1·3 Trinity Con.<ullanl:5TABLE 1-3. EXTINCTION CHAN_CULATIONS FOR JANUARY 17

Calpost Hourly Data from Se-narlo: (101102)Scenarlos. Visibility· S02 Scenarios· Updated Dlstribulon. Run2. Badlands. VIsibility Project Background Extinction Extinction Coefficient Co-ffie"nl Vear 

## D., Hour (Mm·1) (Mm·11 RHo/. f(RHI 1990 17 

# • 14.243 25.335 

## ,

# .. 18.059 1990 17 1 12.455 21.957 96 12.429 199. 17 2 8.651 21.957 96 12.429 199. 17 3 3.14 18.065 5.941 1990 17 4 3.595 18.065 5.941 1990 17 5 2.542 18.065 5.941 19" 17 

# , 2.59 16.928 4.047 1990 17 7 1.53 18.065 5.941 1990 17 

# • 1.059 17.116 4.359 1990 17 9 0.59 16.928 4.047 1990 17 

# ,. 0.336 15.613 1.855 1990 17 

## " 0.019 15.613 1.655 1990 17 12 

# • 16.208 2.846 1990 17 13 

# • 15.802 2.17 1990 17 

## ,. 

# • 15.613 1.855 19
.. 17 15 

# • 15.802 2.17 19
.. 17 

# " 

# • 15.802 2.17 19
.. 17 17 

# • 15.613 1.855 19
.. 17 

# " 

# • 16208 2.846 19
.. 17 

# " 

# • 16.208 2.846 19" 17 2. 

# • 16.208 2.846 19
.. 17 21 

# • 16.208 2.846 19
.. 17 22 

# • 15.982 2.469 1990 17 23 

# • 15.982 2.469 24·hr: 2.115 17.306 Bas.d on 24-hour Exlincoon%: 12.22 a"era"" lor January 17,1990 Expected Re.ultwith Different Relative Humidity Value.: Project Background Projecl Background Extinction Extinction 1992 Extinction Extinction 1991 Coefficient Coefficient Coefficient Coefficient Hour (Mm,I) (Mm'11 RHo/. I(RH) Hour (Mm°l) (Mnf 1) RHo/. I(RHI 

# • 3.1915 16.92796 

# .. 4.0466 

# • 2.2447 16.2077 81 2.8461 1 4.0551 16.92796 

# .. 4.0466 1 2.8521 16.2077 81 2.8461 2 2.8185 16.92796 

# .. 4
..... 2 1.9824 16.2077 81 2.8461 3 3.1400 18.0646 5.941 3 3.1400 18.0646 5.941 4 3.5950 18.0646 5.941 4 3.5950 18.0646 5.941 5 2.5420 18.0646 5.941 5 2.5420 18.0646 5.941 

# , 2.5900 16.9282 4.047 

# , 2.5900 16.9282 4.047 7 1.5300 18.0646 5.941 7 1.5300 18.0646 5.941 

# • 1.0590 17.1154 4.359 

## • 1.0590 17.1154 4.359 9 0.5900 16.9282 4.047 9 0.5900 16.9282 4.047 

# ,. 0.3360 15.613 1.855 

# ,. 0.3360 15.6130 1.855 

# " 0.0190 15.613 1.855 

### " 0.0190 15.6130 1.855 12 

# • 16.2076 2.846 12 

# • 16.2076 2.846 

## " 

# • 15.802 2.17 13 

# • 15.8020 2.17 

## ,. 

# • 15.613 1.855 

## ,. 

# • 15.6130 1.855 15 

# • 15.802 2.17 15 

# • 15.8020 2.17 

# " 

# • 15.802 2.17 

# " 

# • 15.8020 2.17 17 

# • 15.613 1.855 17 

# • 15.6130 1.855 18 

# • 16.2076 2.846 18 

# • 16.2076 2.846 19 

# • 16.2076 2.846 19 

# • 16.2076 2.846 2. 

# • 16.2076 2.846 2. 

# • 16.2076 2.846 21 

# • 16.2076 2.846 21 

# • 16.2076 2.846 22 

# • 15.9814 2.469 22 

# • 15.9814 2.469 23 

# • 15.9814 2.469 23 

# • 15.9814 2.469 24·1v": 1.061 16.536 Band on 24-hour 24-hr: 0.937 16.446 Band on**24-h~r** ExUlclion%: 6.42 awragel« ExUlclion%: 5.70 avera"" 1« January 17, 1992 January 17,1991

GCC Dacotab 1-4 TrinilyCoo:;ullanIS

### GCC Dacotah ApPENDIXJ

CORRESPONDENCE



### Trinity Consultants

### October 3, 2001 John Notar National Park Service Air Quality Division P.O. Box 25287 Denver, CO 80225-0287 DearMr. Notar: This is to follow up onyourtelephone discussion on September 18, 2001, with Ms. ChristineM. Otto concerning the modeling projectTrinity Consultants is involved with in Rapid City, SouthDakota. Inyour discussion, we described the projectto you and sought clarification on Class I Area modeling. Weunderstand from the discussion thatin addition to the PSD increment impact analysis and ambient air quality impact analysis (40 C.F.R. Part 51, Appendix \V), you indicated thatwe would also needto comply with therecent "Federal Land Managers Air QualityRelatedValues Workgroup Report"'or "FLAG." We understand that you want us to do the following tasks in orderto follow the FLAGprocess for this project:

• Class I ATeas to beModeled: Badlands National Park and the Wind CaveNational Park

• Visibility, Nitrogen and SulfurDeposition, and Class I Increment modeling are to be conducted using the CALPUFF model. For Class I incrementmodeling, we understand we are to use the.July 1996 EPA Class I SignificanceLevels

• Modeling Thresholds for each analysis are to be based on the following: a) Visibility

## =5% change inbackground extinction
. b) Deposition

## =Youhave askedus to contactDon Codding oftheNationalPark Service to obtainthe threshold limits for the areas

• You requested thatwe submitthe modeling protocolto you electronically, including sample. CALMET, CALPUFF, and CALPOST input files andthatyou then will review the files to determine whetherwe have selected all "switches" you feel are needed to adequately represent themodeling. We understandyou also want us to send a copy oftheprotocol to the SouthDakotaDENR andEPARegionVIII.

• MM4 datawill be used as the prognostic initial guess field.

12801 N. CentralExpressway, Suite 1200, Dallas,Texas75243 U.S.A. A.. Offices nationwide (972) 661-8100 A.. Fax (972) 385-9203 A.. www.trinityconsultants.com

### John Notar National Park Service October3,2001 Page 2

• We understand thatwe are to utilize surface stations, upper air stations, and precipitation stations data from available stations located around the facility and within the modeling domain. Currently, 15 surface stations, 6 upper air, and 15 precipitation stations are included in the analysis.

• Ozone data

- We understand that you have reviewedyour files for the available ozone stations and for the Badlands area and that only 1992 datais available. However, we . discussed that this data cannotbe used withinthis analysis due to the use ofthe MM4 data (1990). No stations are available around the Wind Cave National Park. We also discussed theprevious Lange PSD project's use ofthe value of40 ppb, and weunderstandthat you believe thatwhile that value is reasonable, you suggested thatwe contactEPA Region VIII (GordonMacrae) to determine whether amore representative value exists.

• We are to use the ammoniabackground value of10 ppb, as listed in the IWAQM guidance document page 14 for grasslands.

• We are to also use background visibility extinction values listed in the FLMs' December 2000FLAGReport for the two Class I areas. . • A 1 

## km receptor spacing will be used within and along theboundary ofthe Class I areas for modeling purposes.

• The modeling domain will be divided into 90x70 grids with a spacing of4 

### kIn: 360 

### kIn x 200 

## km. Lambert Conformalprojectionmaybebetter suited for this project due to the domain size, i.e. Lambert Conformalprojectionwill take into considerationthe curvature ofthe earth with a domain this large.

• The modeling will include the emissions increase thatresulted as

# a consequence ofthe 1994 modification as well as any subsequentmodifications. Please let meknow if! have accurately captured our conversation concerning the direction you wantus to take for implementingFLAG inthis project. Sincerely,

# ~cJg.L- dU----

_ ArunK chan SeniorProjectManager Trinity Consultants/, Christine Otto

, '

.. ,'--' 11/05/2001 04:25 PM To: John_Notar@nps,gov @ TCI cc: Arun KanchanlTrinity Consultants@TCLOallas, Stacy CarrlTrinity Consultants@TCLOallas, DFWPMDB@TCLDallas, Luke JoneslTrinity Consultants@TCLOallas Subject: GCC Dacotah CALPUFF Modeling Analysis Updates John, Per our conversation this afternoon regarding the GCC Dacotah CALPUFF Modeling Analysis Protocol, the following points will be addressed in the final CALPUFF analysis: 1. The meteorological stations included in the CALMET model will be updated to accommodate your request, as listed below:

• Remove surface, precipitation, and upper air stations that are not contributing to the CALMET processed meteorological grid. At this point, the stations outside of the domain are not contributing to the processing of the meteorological grid developed by CALMET due to particular settings established; therefore, the removal of the stations will not affect the overall meteorological grid developed by CALMET. The following stations will now be included: Precipitation stations: Rapid City Wind Cave Oahe Dam Scottsbluff Casper Surface stations: Rapid City Pierre Casper Scottsbluff UpperAir stations: Rapid City Huron North Platte 2. You suggested combining several sources, as listed in Table A-1 of the CALPUFF Modeling Analysis Protocol, to assist with the modeling processing and run time. With regards to this suggestion, the dust collector PM" net emissions increases will be combined and emitted from the main kiln stack. All bUilding downwash information will be included in the CALPUFF analysis. 3. The ozone data provided by Brad Schultz of the South Dakota Department of Environment and Natural Resources (SD DENR) will be used in the analysis with proper documentation. 4. The total sulfur deposition resulting from the project will be compared to the established threshold of 0.005 kg/haiyr. According to our conversation, all other parameters listed in the CALPUFF Modeling Analysis Protocol seem reasonable; however, you have not had a chance to review the CALMET and CALPOST input filessent via email on October 24, 2001. You indicated that you will review those files and provide feedback regarding the CALMET and CALPOST input files tomorrow, Tuesday, November 6, 2001. Please let me know if I hilVe accurately captured our conversation concerning the data for the GCC Dacotah CALPUFF Analysis. Thank you, Christine OttoBrad.Schultz@state.sd.us on 10/02/2001 09:58:34 AM

To: Christine Ottorrrinity Consultants cc: Subject RE: Ozone Data Availability

The Ozone season data averages for 1999. and 2000 in Rapid City, South Dakota are 22 part per billion in 1999 and 32 parts per billion in 2000. Our ozone season starts May 1 and September 30. The Badlands National Park site AIRS ID is 46 071 1001.
-----Original Message----- From: Christine Otto@trinityconsultants.com [mailto:Christine Otto@trinityconsultants.con] Sent: Monday, September 24, 2001 5:10 PM To: brad.schultz@state.sd.us Subject: Ozone Data Availability

Mr. Schultz, I am currently in the process of gathering deta for a visibility analysis to be conducted with the CALPUFF model for the Wind Cave National Park and the Badlands National Park areas in South Dakota. The facility I will be modeling is a Portland Cement Plant in Rapid City, South Dakota. I am trying to determine if ozone monitors are available within that area. I have done some preliminary research on the South Dakota Department of Environment and Natural Resources (SD DENR) website. It appears that stations are located within the Rapid City and Sioux Falls areas. I wanted to check on the monitor data availability for 1990; MM4 data will be used as the initial prognostic wind field and thus, I will need 1990 ozone monitor data. If monitor stations are not available from that time, I wanted to determine if you had a recommended ozone background value for use within the modeling. I have been able to locate a prior PSD application that was submitted in 1999 for the Black Hills Power and Light Lange Combustion Facility, which used a background ozone value of 40 ppb. I have contacted John Notar of the National Park Service regarding this value and he has stated that the value seems reasonable for the area; however, I wanted to get verification with you as well. In addition, I want to determine if there are improved monitoring stations within the area to be used for**dete~ining** the background light extinction in the area. Based on my understanding of the monitoring stations, improved monitors have been set-up within Class I areas to help determine the background values. Within other Class I areas improved monitors do not exist, but a representative Class I area monitor has been established. If this is the case, are there stations that are representative of the Badlands and Wind Cave National Park areas?I appreciate any assistance you can offer on the above questions. would like to discuss the above information, please call me at 

### 972-661-8100. Thank you, Christine Otto Trinity Consultants If you

# •

GCC Dacotah 

### APPENDIXK

ELECTRONIC DATA



### Trinity Consultants