NATIONAL BUREAU OF STANDARDS REPORT

•6627

A SURVEY OF

RECENTLY ACTIVATED OR EXPANDED

STANDARDS AND CALIBRATION PROGRAMS

IN THE ARMED SERVICES

by

Arthur Schach

<NBS>

If. S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE

NATIONAL BUREAU OF STANDARDS
THE NATIONAL BUREAU OF STANDARDS

Functions and Activities

The functions of the National Bureau of Standards are set forth in the Act of Congress, March

3, 1901, as amended by Congress in Public Law 619, 1950. These include the development and

maintenance of the national standards of measurement and the provision of means and methods for making measurements consistent with these standards: the determination of physical constants and

properties of materials; the development of methods and instruments for testing materials, devices,

and structures; advisory services to government agencies on scientific and technical problems; in- vention and development of devices to serve special needs of the Government; and the development

of standard practices, codes, and specifications. The work includes basic and applied research,

development, engineering, instrumentation, testing, evaluation, calibration services, and various

consultation and information services. Research projects are also performed for other government

agencies when the work relates to and supplements the basic program of the Bureau or when the Bureau’s unique competence is required. The scope of activities is suggested by the listing of

divisions and sections on the inside of the back cover.

Publications

The results of the Bureau’s work take the form of either actual equipment and devices or published papers. These papers appear either in the Bureau’s own series of publications or in the journals

of professional and scientific societies. The Bureau itself publishes three periodicals available from

the Government Printing Office: The Journal of Research, published in four separate sections,

presents complete scientific and technical papers; the Technical News Bulletin presents summary

and preliminary reports on work in progress; and Basic Radio Propagation Predictions provides

data for determining the best frequencies to use for radio communications throughout the world.

There are also five series of nonperiodical publications: Monographs, Applied Mathematics Series,

Handbooks, Miscellaneous Publications, and Technical Notes. Information on the Bureau’s publications can be found in NBS Circular 460, Publications of the

National Bureau of Standards ($1.25) and its Supplement ($1.50), available from the Superintendent

of Documents, Government Printing Office, Washington 25, D.C.
NATIONAL BUREAU OF STANDARDS REPORT

NBS PROJECT

- 3020-30950

NBS REPORT

6627

A SURVEY OF

RECENTLY ACTIVATED OR EXPANDED

STANDARDS AND CALIBRATION PROGRAMS

IN THE ARMED SERVICES

by

Arthur Schach

THIS DOCUMENT IS FOR THE EXCLUSIVE USE OF GOVERNMENT AGENCIES

AND THEIR CONTRACTORS

NATIONAL BUREAU OF ST, Intended for use yvithln the

to additional evaluation and r listing of this Report, either I the Office of the Director, Na

however, by the Government

to reproduce additional copie

IMPORTANT NOTICE

Approved for public release by the

Director of the National Institute of

Standards and Technology (NIST)

on October 9, 2015.

rogress accounting documents

mally published it is subjected

reproduction, or open-literature

lion is obtained in writing from Such permission is not needed,

prepared if that agency wishes

U. S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE

NATIONAL BUREAU OF STANDARDS

FOREWORD

This survey describes briefly some of the systems of standards

laboratories that are currently maintained by Federal defense

agencies. The information presented has been obtained from a variety of sources, including informal discussions with persons

working in the different laboratories. It has not, however,

been checked with the laboratories that are listed.

The situation is changing so rapidly that, some of the information may already be out of date. The author will be glad to

receive additions and corrections so that they can be incorporated

in a future edition of this report.

I
TA3LE OF CONTENTS

Page

Standards and Calibration Programs of the U. S. Army ....... 1 Army Ordnance Program 1 Signal Corps Program 3

Standards and Calibration Programs of the U. S. Navy 8

BuOrd-BuShips Program 8

BuAer Program 11

Standards and Calibration Program of the U. S. Air Force ....21

Standards and Calibration Program of the U. S. Atomic

Energy Commission 25

Standards and Calibration Requirements Imposed by Defense

Agencies on Contractors 29

CHARTS AND TABLES

Chart A“l, Army Ordnance Calibration Structure 6

Chart A“2 S Continental U. S. Calibration Facilities (Army

Ordnanc e) 7 Chart N-l s Technical Control of BuOrd~BuShips Calibration

PrOgram aoe.eeeo.oooo.ooo.ee..ao.e9o.8oe..ae.eeee.ooe...eo0 13

Chart N“2, Navy BuOrd-RuShips Calibration Program Structure. . 14

Table N-l, Navy Standards Laboratories ...15

Table N=2 S Contractors' Standards Laboratories (BuOrd) ......17

Chart AF-1, Air Force Calibration System .................... 24

Chart AEC°1, AEG Calibration Chain 27

ii
STANDARDS_AND_CALIBRATION_PROGRM[S: U. S„ ARMY

REGULAR CALIBRATION PROGRAMS within the Army are carried out by

(1) the Army Ordnance Corps and (2) the Army Signal Corps.

POSSIBLE EXPANSION OF ARMY CALIBRATION ACTIVITY s It is understood

that the entire calibration and standards situation within

the Army is now being restudied. The indications are that

the Army is seriously considering an expansion of its calibration activities on a scale that will match current efforts

by the Navy and Air Force.

ARMY ORDNANCE PROGRAM

ADMINISTRATIVE and technical control of the Army Ordnance calibration program is exercised by the Frankford Arsenal in

Philadelphia. The Frankford responsibility includes budgeting

for, selecting, and procuring standards and distributing them,

recommending the installations which will have a calibration

facility, preparing administrative and technical directives,

furnishing training, establishing control to assure satisfactory operation of the program, effecting coordination

within the corps to develop calibration requirements and

coverage for all Ordnance Corps materiel, and coordinating

with other services to effect equipment standardization, etc.

STRUCTURE of the Army Ordnance calibration program is shown below

in Chart A-l. Briefly, there are 3 Primary Reference

Laboratories at the top; followed by II Secondary Reference

Laboratories; followed by 27 Secondary Transfer Sets.

LOCATIONS of Army Ordnance calibration facilities in continental

U. S,. are shown on the attached Chart A- 2.

Primary Reference Laboratories : The 3 top-level labs are at:

Frankford Arsenal, Philadelphia, Pa.

Benicia Arsenal, Calif.

Redstone Arsenal, Alabama

The Primary Reference Laboratories are intended to be

the Ordnance Corps activities through which NBS

receives all of the routine referral work load.

Occasionally it is anticipated that direct contact

with the Bureau by one of the lower levels will be

required, especially by research activities, when an unusual calibration requirement is generated. In

this case, clearance for control purposes is effected

through Frankford Arsenal.

1
Frankford Arsenal services Secondary Reference Laboratories east of the Mississippi, excluding the Redstone

Arsenal Area.

Benicia services all Secondary Reference Laboratories

west of the Mississippi, excluding the Los Angeles area

where, by an arrangement with BuOrd-BuShips, the WPSL

at Pomona provides primary calibration services.

The Primary Standards Laboratory at Redstone Arsenal

(known as the Army Rocket and Guided Missile Primary

Laboratory) is an in-house facility.

Secondary Reference Laboratories : Total number - 8

Five of these are at Ordnance Depots where they serve

(1) to calibrate Secondary Transfer Sets and (2) to

calibrate instruments located at the depot "rebuild"

shops and for production and inspection purposes.

Two Army Ordnance Districts (Boston and Mew York) have

Secondary Reference Laboratories in support of inspection equipment used by contractors and ordnance inspectors

within the respective districts.

One Secondary Reference Laboratory is at Picatinny (New

Jersey) Arsenal in support of industrial Special

Weapons activity.

Secondary Transfer Sets ; Total number - 27

These operate with portable equipment to calibrate

instruments in the field, contractor's plants, etc.,

where such service is feasible. They are in the

charge of groups of personnel called "calibration

teams.

Eighteen Secondary Transfer Sets operate out of depot

Secondary Reference Laboratories. Currently these are being transported in 1/2-ton panel trucks. It is

understood that consideration is being given to utilizing

a large vehicle similar to the 1-1/2-ton multistop

commercial delivery vans to accommodate the increased

number of standards which will result from Special

Weapons integration and planned increased microwave

capability at this level.

Nine Ordnance districts are said to have Secondary

Transfer capabilities to the extent required in support

of their procurement and production programs.

2
Special Weapons Calibration: Special (nuclear) Weapons have

been calibrated at the "primary" level by Sandia Corp.

under agreements with all military services. Army

calibration of equipment associated with Special Weapons

has been a responsibility of the Ordnance Ammunition

Command. In December 1958 a letter directive was issued requesting that calibration services of OAC be

integrated with those of the Ordnance Corps at the

depot and team level, the integration to become effective July 1959.

SIGNAL CORPS PROGRAM

GENERAL FEATURES AND RESPONSIBLE ORGANIZATIONS:

Though it may be a small program when compared with those of

Army Ordnance, the Navy or the Air Force, the standards and

calibration program of the Signal Corps has been described

as "wide ranging" and "decentralized."

Its wide ranging character is shown in the following four

general categories of activity:

(1) During research and development, calibration

needs are provided for by the Standards and Engineering

Facilities Division of the Army Signal Research and

Development Laboratories.

(2) In the manufacturing stage, the Signal Corps

Procurement Agency imposes on contractors strict

requirements for calibration of standards and production equipment.

(3) Signal Corps equipment in use by the Army is

supported by Army Signal Field Maintenance shops which,

in turn, are kept in calibration by the Signal Corps

Field Calibration Service.

(4) When Signal Corps equipment becomes subject for

5th echelon or depot base maintenance, the Maintenance

Division of all Signal Depots or Signal Supply Sections

are strictly programmed to avail themselves of the

National Standards and thus continue unbroken the chain

of National and Signal Corps Standards calibration . .

.

5th echelon maintenance facilities are programmed for

calibration of standards and production by P & D

Standards Procedures, and applicable local implementation.

These instructions provide for acquisition of Signal

Corps Standards, calibration by National Standards, upkeep, and application thereof.

3
The decentralization of the program is said to avoid the degradation of accuracy associated with a "multilayered

centralized calibration organization." Direct contact is thus

maintained between the National Standards at N3S and those of

Army Signal R & D Labs; Army Signal Supply Agency as aided by

Signal Equipment Support Agency; Field Calibration Service; and

5th echelon maintenance facilities.

TYPES OF MEASUREMENT: "GAUGING" PROGRAMS

As might be expected, the bulk of equipment that must be

calibrated by the Signal Corps is in the electrical and elecr

tronic field. Thus it is "logistically responsible" for over

500 types of general purpose electronic test equipment, as well as for many communication and radar systems, each with

its specialized test equipment.

However, attention must also be given to dimensional measurements. In 1953, the Gauge Engineering Division, Signal Equipment Support Agency, was established to deal with problems of

physical interchangeability of components; as a result of which

the Signal Corps now has mechanical "gauge sets" for more than

300 standard Signal items.

An electrical "gauging program" was begun in 1957. "We have

made considerable progress in the electrical gauge area, and

standards of many critical items are now available. These

standards, when applied by Quality Assurance Division of the

U. S. Army Signal Supply Agency to new equipment. .. supplied

by contractors, insures maximum interchangeability, calibration

and performance in Signal Corps equipment."

Recently, as in the other Services, increased attention has

been given to Radiac equipment. The control point for the most

active portion of this calibration program is the Lexington

Signal Depot which controls the issuance and use of radioactive

field calibration instruments. Nucleonics calibration

facilities are in operation at the Lexington and Sacramento

Signal Depots. They provide all higher echelon maintenance as well as calibration of radiacc equipment for the Signal Corps.

Overseas the Signal activity at Saumur General Depot has a similar mission. An additional radiac calibration is now being

investigated by the Signal Corps. This will take the form of

a mobile facility such as now exists in the SigC Field

Calibration Service and will constitute an extension of that

technical assistance. Within this facility it is proposed

"to develop a means of radiac calibration by dynamic means

rather than by a hazardous radioactive source".
FIELD CALIBRATION SERVICE:

To test the idea of a mobile calibration facility, which (it

is said) seemed promising because of the development of more

rugged test equipment, a Signal Corps shop truck was converted

to this purpose in 1955 at the Sacramento Signal Depot. A

Signal Corps pamphlet (see "Reference" below) says: "The need

for this service exceeded all expectations. On initial trips

it was found that an average of only thirty percent of the

equipment in use by the field units was within calibration

limits and completely serviceable. On second visits to the same field shops, nine to twelve months later, this percentage

rose to approximately fifty-five percent," and there have

been steady increases with each successive visit?.

The Sacramento Depot was then asked to build six additional

vans, one to set up a Field Calibration Service for each

Army field maintenance activity in continental U. S. The

basic vehicle was a standard Army 32-passenger bus. Delivery of the six calibration vans was completed by

August 1957. Since then, another van, fully equipped, was shipped to the Army Command in Europe in June 1958; and

recently, additional vehicles were placed in service by

the Tobyhanna, Decatur, and Sacramento Signal Depots.

As a result of the field experience gained since 1955,

AR 750-615 was published 3 April 1958. This document presents Signal Corps technical and administrative doctrine in

regard to calibration of Signal Corps test equipment in the

hands of using field personnel. Signal Corps Standard Procedures P & D 750-37 and DEP 750=37 also provide instructive

guidance and implementation of the Army Regulation within

the Signal Corps Depot System.

All standards of measurement used by the Signal Corps Field

Calibration Service are said to be periodically certified by

and at intervals recommended by the National Bureau of

Standards.

REFERENCE:

ELECTRONIC COMMUNICATIONS PROCEDURE: FIELD CALIBRATION SERVICE,

a pamphlet prepared by the Sacramento Signal Depot for the

U. S. Army Signal Corps, dated 20 September 1957.

5
ARMY

ORDNANCE

CALIBRATION

STRUCTUR

fCHART A1

Itl

tn

6
CONTINENTAL

UNITED

STATES

CALIBRATION

FACILITIES

(ARMY

ORDNANCE)

CHART A-2

7

(FORT

COHFIHE3)
STANDARDS AND CALIBRATION PROGRAMS:

U. S. NAVY

RESPONSIBILITY for calibration activities in the Department of the

Navy rests with the cognizant technical bureaus = = the

Bureau of Ordnance, the Bureau of Ships , and the Bureau of

Aeronautics. BuOrd and BuAer are now combined into

Bureau of Naval Weapons Systems. This is expected to lead

eventually to closer coordination of tha major calibration

programs. There are now two such major calibration programs

in the Navy: (1) a combined BuOrd-BuShips program and "(2) a BuAer program. Efforts to coordinate calibration activities

in the Bureau of Ships, Bureau of Ordnance, and Bureau of

Aeronautics have been under the supervision of the Office

of Naval Material.

LIST OF NAVY STANDARDS: A list of Navy standards laboratories com- piled by the BuOrd March 1959, contains 92 names; a copy is

attached as Table N~l.

BUORD-BUSHIPS PROGRAM

NEED: in an informal talk given in late 1959, a representative

of the Bureau of Ships noted that a latest model cruiser

required ten or more times as much test equipment as did

a cruiser before 1950; at the same time the accuracies

required have increased a hundredfold or more. "Instruments

once used mainly in laboratories are now being procured for

field use... thus, we now have, on board ships, large

quantities of voltmeters, such as Fluke 801' s, precision

frequency standards, calorimeters, precision attenuators, and

so forth. This equipment is delicate, requires skilled

handling and frequent recalibration. Therefore, the development of a comprehensive Navy calibration program became

mandatory if these instruments were to be maintained within

their designed tolerances."

HISTORY: The BuOrd calibration program began to get under way in

1957, as a result of studies made from 1954 to 1956. About

the same time, following on reports of inadequate performance

of shipborne electronic equipment, BuShips organized POMSEE

(Performance, Operational , and Maintenance Standards of

Electronic Equipment) , a program to insure periodic measure- ments of important parameters of electronic equipment. As

a result of poor correlation among BuSnips test data and the

need for increasingly higher accuracies in the newer equipment,

a BuOrd-BuShips combined program was inaugurated in 1958; this

operates for the most part as a single program under dual

adminis tration.

8
TECHNICAL DIRECTION: While each of the standards laboratories in

the program is under military and/or administrative control

of the activity in which it is located, all laboratories are under the technical direction of the Metrology Department,

Bureau of Naval Weapons Representative (formerly: Naval

Inspector of Ordnance), Pomona, California* The purpose of

this is "to insure coordination of all necessary technical

functions, the use of identical standards, the same calibration procedures, training and inter-bureau use of the

calibration facilities*" (See Chart N-l below.)

Chart N-2 below, shows the various echelons of standards

laboratories in the BuOrd-BuShips calibration program

structures.

Primary Standards Laboratories: There are two such "primary"

Laboratories at the top of the BuOrd-BuShips structure.

Both are just completing their procurement of apparatus

and many staff members are very recent auditions. The

two laboratories are:

Eastern Primary Stds Lab (EPSL) , at Naval Weapons

P lant;, Washington, D. C. Not counting the large

Mechanical Gage Unit, which has been in existence

for a number of years, the staff numbers about 12.

Western Primary Stds Lab (WPSL) , at Naval Industrial

Reserve Ordnance plant, Pomona, California. Again

excepting the gage laboratory, this has a staff of

about 45. The gage lab is civil service, Navy

operated; the other laboratories are ope rated by

Convair under contract to the Navy.

Secondary Standards Laboratories (BuOrd) : The Bureau of

Ordnance has ten laboratories at this level. Staff and

equipment are expected to be 90 percent complete by the

end of 1959 and the labs should be completely operational by the end of 1960. The ten secondary BuOrd labs

are:

In the Eastern Area

Naval Ammunition Depot, Crane, Ind.

Naval Ordnance Plant, Forest Park,

Naval Central Torpedo Office, Newpo

Naval Mine Engineering Facility, YOi.uuvwu, va.. Naval Ordnance Laboratory, Silver Spring, Md.

Qual ity

Evaluation

^Centers

• R & D

Facility

9
In the Western Area ==• Naval Torpedo Station, Keyport, Wash.

Naval Ammunition Depot, Concord,

Calif*

Naval Ammunition and Net Depot,

Seal Beach, Calif*

Naval Ammunition Depot, Oahu, Hawaiy

Naval Ordnance Test Station, China

Lake, Calif* = - R & D Facility

Secondary Standards Laboratories (BuShips) : These are on the same level as the preceding, and are usually referred to

in BuShips as Reference Laboratories* These laboratories

are being located at various Naval shipyards; equipment

is now under procurement for 12 such labs*

Secondary Standards Laboratories ( Contractor) : Also incorporated

in the BuOra=BuShips system at this level are many of the

standards labs of contractors* Table N=1 below is a list

of 207 BuOrd contractors with standards laboratories,

compiled by BuOrd in Feb* 1959* A number of the larger

of these contractors, however, are at the level of the

BuOrd-BuShips "primary" labs, just below NBS*

Local Standards Laboratories : These are in charge of contractors or of inspectors employed in the calibration of

test and inspection equipment at BuOrd or BuShips field

activities* Included here are the "floating laboratories"

or tenders of BuShips* A total of 27 tenders are now

planned* It is expected that 8 tenders will be in operation during the later part of 1959 or early 1960* The

remaining activities will get the necessary laboratory

instruments, now under procurement, as soon as their

facilities are funded and completed* It should be noted

that the tenders, although listed as "local" laboratories

in the BuOrd-BuShips structure, will be fitted with

equipment that is largely on the next higher or "secondary"

level

„

Also at the local level are the vans fitted out as standards labs which are being planned by the Marine

Corps. The Marine Corps and Coast Guard recently agreed

with BuOrd-BuShips to coordinate their calibration programs with that of the combined BuOrd-BuShips program

in order to insure maximum utilization of existing

calibration facilities.

TRAINING: Plans for a training program to handle an anticipated

increase in personnel at all levels are currently being drawn

up.

Quality

Ivaluation

Centers

10
REFERENCES: SLIM (i.e„, Standards Laborat ories Information

Manual ,) prepared by the Metrology Department, is intended

to contain "all information pertaining to the establishment, operation, and maintenance of measurements standards

laboratories within the framework of the BuOrd-BuShips

calibration program."

BuOrd- BuShips Calibration Program , by Lt. Francis L. Roach,

IRE Transactions on Instrumentation, Volume 1-7, December

1958, Nos. 3 and 4, P. 357.

The Navy 1 s Tes t Equipment Cal ibration Program , by Lt. Cdr.

L. 0. Whaley, U. S. N. , in the Bureau of Ships Journal,

January 1959.

BUAER PROGRAM

TECHNICAL DIRECTION of the BuAer calibration program is exercised

by BuAer Maintenance Representatives (BAMR's) stationed at

the BuAer Primary Laboratories.

PLANS, as of August 1958, called for about 160 items of BuAer

primary standards and 270 items for BuAer secondary ("reference") standards per station in use.

Primary Standards Laboratories : These are located at:

Naval Air Station, Alameda, Calif.

Naval Air Station, Norfolk, Va.

Naval Air Station, Pensacola, Fla.

Naval Air Station, North Island, San Diego, Calif.

The first two of these are now fully operational. Equipment and personnel for the otherswere still being gathered

in Sept. 1959.

Reference Standards Laboratories : Nine of these BuAer

secondary level labs are or will be established at the

following Naval Air Stations:

Pensacola Lakehurst

Jacksonville Alameda

Norfolk North Island (Plant Div. C'alibr. Ships)

Quonset Point North Island (Avionics Div. Calibr.

Cherry Point Shops)

Calibration facilities at this level are also said to be

maintained at Whidley, Washington; Kentron, Hawaii, and Rota,

Spain.

11
Laboratories at this level will bear the brunt of the

program; they are responsible for calibration of all production test equipment located at their parent stations

and of all fleet "avionics" test equipment located in

their particular geographical areas.

Local Standards Laboratories : A block diagram given in an article by M. L„ Scroggs of BuAer (See reference below)

indicates that these are concerned with production test

equipment

.

REFERENCE:

Instrument Calibration Program with the Department of the

Navy: Bureau of Aeronuatics Phase , by M. L. Scroggs, IRE

Transactions on Instrumentation, Vol. 1-7, Dec. 1958, Nos. 3 & 4, p. 360.

12
DEPARTMENT

OF

NAVY

CHART NI

13
NAVY

BUORD-BUSHIPS

CHART N-2

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14
NAVY STANDARDS LABORATORIES

(SLIM)

TABLE N-l

ACTIVITY CODE

CTO NEWPORT

,

QEL, SECONDARY STANDARDS LAB CTO NEWPORT

,

QEL, CHEMICAL (r MATERIALS DIV

CTO NEWPORT

,

QEL , ELECTRONIC DIV

CTO NEWPORT

,

QEL, MECHANICAL DIV

CTO NEWPORT

,

WEAPON SERVICES DEPT

NR A NCL

NAL

NBL

NDL

INSMAT CHICAGO p BL

INSORD POMONA, WESTERN PRIMARY STANDARDS LAB WPP INSORD POMONA, MEASUREMENT STDS DIV, TECH DIRECTION ORG TOO

MARINE CORPS BASE* TWENTY NINE PALMS SDS

NAD BANGOR ICClNAD CHARLESTON, GMSU 213 YFl

NAD CHARLESTON, STATION TEL

NAD CONCORD, QEL , SECONDARY STANDARDS LAB CCA

NAD CONCORD, QEL CAL

NAD CONCORD, STATION CBL

NAD CONCORD, MARE ISLAND ANNEX CDL

NAD CRANE, QEL, SECONDARY STANDARDS LAB D1A

NAD CRANE, QEL, AMMUNITION & MISSILE BRANCH DAL NAD CRANE, QEL, LAUNCHER (, GUIDANCE EVALUATION BRANCH DBL NAD CRANE, GMSU 219 OCL

NAD CRANE, ORDNANCE DEPT DDL NAD CRANE, PYRO RESEARCH t DEVELOPMENT DEPT DEL NAD CRANE, PUBLIC WORKS DEPT DEL

NAD EARLE

NAD FT MIFFLIN

NAD HASTINGS

NAD HAWTHORNE

NAD HINGHAM, GMSU 215

NAD MC ALESTER

CCL

NEL

DHL

NAD OAHU, QEL, SECONDARY STANDARDS

NAD OAHU, QEL, CHEMICAL BRANCH

NAD OAHU, QEL

NAD OAHU, LUALUALE

I

NAD OAHU, WAI KELE

NAD OAHU, WEST LOCH, ASW SHOP

NAD OAHU, WEST LOCH, MINE SHOP

OHA

OFL

OAL

OCL

ODL

OIL

OBL

NAD SHUMAKER

NAD ST JULIENS CREEK

NAND SEAL BEACH,

NAND SEAL BEACH,

NAND SEAL BEACH,

NAND SEAL BEACH,

NAND SEAL BEACH,

QEL, SECONDARY STANDARDS LAB QEL

GMSU 217

ORDNANCE DEPT

PUBLIC WORKS DEPT

SBA

SAL

SDL

SBL

SCL

NAOTS CHINCOTEAGUE , GMU 3 6 GMU 11 YNL NAS ATSUGI OAS

NAS BARBERS POINT OBS

15
ACTIVITY

CODE

NAVDEGSTA KINGSTON KAS NAVDEGSTA NORFOLK YAS NAVAL RADIOLOGICAL DEFENSE LAB. SAN FRANCISCO CBS NAVAL SHIPYARDS

BOSTON NAVAL SHIPYARD N0S

CHARLESTON NAVAL SHIPYARD YCS LONG BEACH NAVAL SHIPYARD SAS MARE ISLAND NAVAL SHIPYARD CAS NEW YORK NAVAL SHIPYARD NES NORFOLK NAVAL SHIPYARD Y&S PEARL HARBOR NAVAL SHIPYARD ODS PHILADELPHIA NAVAL SHIPYARD YDS PORTSMOUTH NAVAL SHIPYARD NCS PUGET SOUND NAVAL SHIPYARD K.6S US NAVY. 9 TH NAVAL DIST. ELECTRONIC ORD DEPT. GREAT LAKES FAS NCEL PORT HUENEME SC$

NGF WASHINGTON. EASTERN PRIMARY STANDARDS LAB EPP

NM GUAM OHL

NM SUBIC BAY OGL NMEF YORKTOWN. QEL . SECONDARY STANDARDS LAB YVA NMEF YORKTOWN. STATION YSl

NOF SASEBO OJL

NOF YOKOSUKA OEL

NOL CORONA SFL

NOL WHITE OAK WOB NOLTF FT MONROE YPL NOP FOREST PARK, GAGE LAB. SECONDARY STANDARDS LAB FPA NOP FOREST PARK, STATION FAL NOP LOUISVILLE YJL NOP MACON YML NOP POCATELLO KBL NOP SOUTH CHARLESTON YKL

NOP YORK YlL

NOTS CHINA LAKE CLB NOTS PASADENA SEL NPG DAHLGREN YQL

NPP INDIAN HEAD YOL

NRF SAN DIEGO SBS NRL WASHINGTON YES

NSRF GUAM OCS NUOS NEWPORT, INSTRUMENTATION BRANCH. APPLIED SCIENCE DEPT NFL NWS YORKTOWN, GMSU 211 YCL NWS YORKTOWN. GMU SI YDL NWS YORKTOWN, STATION YAL SWSA NORFOLK YRL SWS A SAN DIEGO SGL US NAVAL WAR COLLEGE. NEWPORT NAS

TOTAL NO. : 92
CODE

A PC AEC

ACC

A JC ARC

ANC

ABC

ADC

A I C AGC

BXC

BNC

BQC

BHC

B JC BDC

BFC

BCC

BSC

BGC

BYC

BAC

BBC

BKC

CWC

CAC

CTC

CBC

CLC

DDC

DEC

DAC

EEC

EAC

EMC

ENC

ERC

EFC

EBC

ECC

EDC

F DC FBC

FAC

FEC

GMC

G JC GHC

GKC

GAC

GIC

GLC

GPC

GFC

GOC

GCC

GGC

GBC

APPENDIX I CONTRACTOR’S STANDARDS LABORATORIES

EASTERN AREA

(SLIM )

1

TABLE N-2

CONTRACTOR LOCATION

ACF INDUSTRIES. INC AERONAUTICAL RADIO. INC AIRCRAFT ARMAMENTS. INC ALLEGANY BALLISTICS LAB, HERCULES PWDR CO

ALLOYD RESEARCH

AMPHENOL ELECTRONICS CORP

APPLIED PHYSICS LAB, JOHN HOPK I 'IS UNIV

ARMOUR RESEARCH FOUND. ILL INST OF TECH

ATLANTIC RESEARCH CORP

AVCO MFG CO, CROSLEY DIV

ST CHARLES, MO

WASHINGTON. DC COCKEYSVILLE. MD CUMBERLAND. MD WATERTOWN. MASS

CHICAGO, ILL SILVER SPRING. MD CHICAGO, ILL ALEXANDRIA, VA CINCINNATI, OHIO

BALDWIN PIANO CO

BALLANTINE LAB, INC BARNES ENGRG CO

BAUSCH LOMB OPTICAL CO

BELOCK INSTRUMENT CORP

BENDIX AVIATION CORP, BENDIX PROD DIV

BENDIX AVIATION CORP. BENDIX RADIO DIV

BENDIX AVIATION CORP, FRIEZ INST DIV

BENDIX AVIATION CORP, MONTROSE DIV

BENDIX AVIATION CORP. RESEARCH LAB BENDIX AVIATION CORP, YORK DIV

BORG CORP, GEORGE W, EQUIPMENT DIV

BRUSH BERYLLIUM CO

BULOVA WATCH CO

CINCINNATI, OHIO

BOONTON, NJ STAMFORD, CONN

ROCHESTER, NY COLLEGE POINT, NY MISHAWAKA, I ND TOWSON, MD

BALT I MORE ,

• MD

S MONTROSE. PA DETROIT, MICH

YORK, PA JANESVILLE. WIS

CLEVELAND, OHIO

FLUSHING, NY CHICAGO MINIATURE LAMP WORKS

COLUMBIA UNIV, LAMONT GEOLOGICAL LAB CONTINENTAL ELECTRIC CO

COOK RESEARCH LAB CORNELL AERONAUTICAL LAB

CHICAGO. ILL NEW YORK, NY GENEVA, ILL CHICAGO, ILL BUFFALO. NY DEARBORN ELECTRONIC LABS

DETROIT CONTROLS CORP

DUNLAP ASSOCIATES

CHOCAGO, ILL NORWOOD. MASS

STAMFORD, CONN

EASTMAN KODAK CO, NAVY ORDNANCE DIV

EDO CORP

ELECTRAN MFG CO

ELGIN NATIONAL WATCH CO

EMERSON RESEARCH LAB ESSO RESEARCH ENGRG, PROCESS RESEARCH DIV

EUREKA WILLIAMS CORP

EWEN KNIGHT CORP

excelco developments, inc

ROCHESTER, NY COLLEGE POINT, NY CHICAGO. ILL LINCOLN, NEBR SILVER SPRING, MD LINDEN, NJ BLOOMINGTON, ILL NEEDHAM HEIGHTS, MASS

SILVER CREEK, NY FAIRCHILD ENG AIRPLANE. GUIDED MISSILE DIV FARNSWORTH ELECTRONICS CO

FARRAND OPTICAL CO. INC FEDERAL TELECOMMUNICATIONS LAB. INC

WYANDANCH. NY FORT WAYNE, IND NEW YORK, NY NUTLEY, NJ GENERAL DYNAMICS CORP, ELECTRIC BOAT DlV

GENERAL ELECTRIC CO. ELECTRONIC COMPTS DIV

GENERAL ELECTRIC CO, GENERAL ENGRG LAB GENERAL ELECTRIC CO. mil electronic equip

GENERAL ELECTRIC CO, MISSILE ORD SYS DEPT GENERAL ELECTRIC CO, SEMICONDUCTOR PROD DEPT GENERAL MOTORS CORP

GENERAL RADIO CO

GEORGIA INST OF TECH

GOOD ALL ELEC MFG CO

GOODYEAR AIRCRAFT CORP

GRUEN APPLIED SCIENCE LAB, INC GULTON INDUSTRIES, INC

GROTON, CONN

OWENSBORO, KY SCHENECTADY, NY UTICA. NY PITTSFIELD. MASS

SYRACUSE, NY SAGINAW, MICH

OAK PARK, ILL ATLANTA. GA OGALLALA, NEBR AKRON. OH 1,0 HEMPSTEAD,’ NY METUCHEN, NJ

17
CONTRACTOR’S STANDARDS LABORATORIES (SLIM)

CODE

HAC

HCC

HBC

ICC

I DC IBC KBC

KCC

KAC

K DC MAC

MEC

MFC

MCC

MIC

MHC

NKC

NDC

NRC

NBC

PFC

PCC

PAC

PKC

PEC

PDC

RIC

RBC

R JC RDC

RAC

RCC

SDC

SCC

SEC

SBC

SAC

SKC

SJC

SFC

SXC

SGC

TCC

TFC

T DC TEC

TGC

TBC

VDC

VCC

VBC

VFC

VEC

WBC

EASTERN AREA

CONTRACTOR LOCATION

HAMILTON WATCH CO

HYCON E ASTER » INC HYTRON RADIO ELECTRONIC CO

LANCASTER. PA CAMBRIDGE. MASS

DANVERS. MASS

INDUSTRIAL RADIO CORP

INTERNATIONAL ELECTRONICS

INTERNATIONAL TELEPHONE TE'EGRAPH

CHICAGO. ILL WASHINGTON. DC CLIFTON. NJ KELLOGG CO. M W KIP ELECTRONICS CORP

KOLLMORGEN OPTICAL CORP

JERSEY CITY, NJ STAMFORD, CONN

NORTHAMPTON, MASS

KOLLSMAN INS TRUMENT CORP ELMHURST

,

LI . NY MASS INST OF TECH, DIV OF DEFENSE LAB CAMBRIDGE . MASS

MASS INST OF TECH, DIV OF SPONSORED RESEARCH CAMBRIDGE . MASS

MASS INST OF TECH, GUIDED MISSILES COMM CAMBRIDGE . MASS

MAXSON CORP, W L NEW YORK, NY MCDONNELL A I rcraft CORP ST LOUIS, m6

MINNEAPOLIS HONEYWE LL REG CO MINNEAPOL IS.MINN

NRK MFG ENGRG CO

NATIONAL BERYLLIA CORP

NEW YORK UN IV. ENGRG RESEARCH DIV NORDEN KETAY CORP. NORDEN LAB DIV

CHICAGO, ILL NORTH BERGEN. NJ NEW YORK, NY WHITE PLAINS, NY PARAPLEGICS MFG CO

PHILCO CORP

PHOTOGRAMMETRY, INC PICKARD BURNS

POWER INDUSTRIES, INC PREMIER INSTRUMENTS CORP

FRANKLIN PARK, ILL PHILADELPHIA. PA SILVER SPRING, MD NEEDHAM, MASS

CHICAGO, ILL NEW YORK, NY RADIO CORP OF AMERICA

RADIO CORP OF AMERICA, VICTOR DIV RAYTHEON MFG CO

RAYTHEON MFG CO. MISSILE SYSTEMS DIV

REEVES INSTRUMENT CORP

ROSEN ENGRG PROD, INC, RAYMOND

HARRISON, NJ CAMDEN. NJ NEWTON. MASS

BEDFORD, MASS

NEW YORK, NY PHILADELPHIA, PA SEEBURG CORP, J P SERVONICS, INC SONATONE CORP

SPERRY GYROSCOPE CO. AIR ARMAMENT

SPERRY GYROSCOPE CO. MARIINE DIV

SPERRY GYROSCOPE CO, MAR]1 NE DIV

SPERRY RAND CORP

STAVID ENGRG CORP

STEMM CO R EDWARD

SYLVANIA ELECTRIC PROD INC TEAGUE, W D TECHNICRAFT LAB, INC TESLA ELEC CO

THIOKOL CHEMICAL CORP

THOMPSON, JOHN I TUNG SOL ELECTRIC, INC

CHICAGO, ILL ALEXANDRIA, V

A

ELMSFORD* NY DIV GREAT NECK, NY GARDEN CITY, NY MINEOLA, NY CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA

PLAINFIELD. NJ CHICAGO, ILL EMPORIUM, PA

NEW YORK, NY THOMASTON, CONN

CHICAGO, ILL ELKTON. MD WASHINGTON. DC NEWARK, NJ VICTOR DESIGN CORP NEWARK, NJ

VICTOREEN INSTRUMENT CO CLEVELAND. OHIO

VIRGINIA, UN I V OF, PHYSICS DEPT CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA VITRO CORP OF AMERICA, VITRO LAB DIV SILVER SPRING. MD VITRO CORP OF AMERICA, VITRO LAB DIV WEST ORANGE, NJ WESTINGHOUSE ELECTRIC CO, TUBE DIV ELMIRA, NY
WESTERN AREA

CONTRACTOR’S STANDARDS LABS (SLIM)

CODE CONTRACTOR

AKC AEROJET GENERAL CORP

ALC AEROJET GENERAL CORP

AOC AERO NUTRONIC SYSTEMS » INC

AFC AMERICAN ELECTRIC MOTORS

AHC AMERICAN ELECTRONICS* INC

AAC ASSOCIATED MISSILE PROD CORP

AMC ASSOCIATED MISSILE PROD CORP

8LC BABCOCK RADIO ENGRG CORP

BIC BECKMAN INSTRUMENTS

BEC BENDIX AVIATION CORP* PACIFIC DIV

BMC BERMITE POWDER CO

B PC BOURNS LAB. INC

BRC BRUBAKER ELECTRONICS. INC

CCC CALIFORNIA INST OF TECH, JET PROPULSION LAB

CGC CALIFORNIA, UN I V OF, RADIATION LAB

CEC CENTURY ENGINEERS, INC

CSC CLARY CORP

C DC CONSOLIDATED ELECTRODYNAMICS CORP

CXC CONVAIR, ASTRONAUTICS

CNC CONVAIR, ORDNANCE AEROPHYSICS LAB

COC CONVAIR, POMONA, ENGRG

CMC CONVAIR, POMONA, MFG

DSC DAYSTROM PACIFIC CORP

DPC DEMORNAY BONARDI

DNC DONNER SCIENTIFIC CO

DBC DOUGLAS AIRCRAFT CORP

DC C DOUGLAS AIRCRAFT CORP

FCC FARNSWORTH ELECTRONICS CO, PACIFIC DIV

FGC FENSKE, FREDERICK MILLER. INC

FFC FIRESTONE TIRE RUBBER CO

GOC GENERAL ELECTRIC CORP

GEC GILFILLAN BROS, INC

GRC GRAND CENTRAL ROCKET CO

GDC GUDEMAN ELECTRONICS, DIELECTRON DIV

HEC HALLAMORE ELECTRONICS, INC

HOC HOFFMAN LABORATORIES, INC

HDC HUNTER DOUGLAS ALUMINUM CORP

HYC HYCON ELECTRONICS, INC

HRC HYDRAULIC RESEARCH MFG CO

H SC HYCOR CO. INC

I EC INTERSTATE ELECTRONICS CORP

I AC INTERSTATE ENGRG CORP

LAC LANSDALE TUBE CO. DIV OF PHILCO CORP

LIC LIBRASCOPE INC

LHC LITTON INDUSTRIES

L SC LOCKHEED AIRCRAFT CORP. MISSILE SYSTEMS D IV

L VC LOCKHEED AIRCRAFT CORP, MISSILE SYSTEMS D IV LBC LOCKHEED AIRCRAFT CORP, SANTA CRUZ TEST BASE

LZC LOCKHEED AIRCRAFT CORP, terminal I SLAND

LMC LUTHER MFG CO

LOCATION

AZUSA, CALIF

SACRAMENTO, CALIF

GLENDALE, CALIF

LOS ANGELES, CALIF

EL MONTE, CALIF

DENVER, COLO

POMONA, CALIF

COSTA MESA, CALIF

FULLERTON, CALIF

N HOLLYWOOD, CALIF

SAUGUS, CALIF

RIVERSIDE, CALIF

CULVER CITY, CALIF

PASADENA, CALIF

LIVERMORE, CALIF

BURBANK, CALIF

SAN GABRIEL, CALIF

PASADENA, CALIF

SAN DIEGO, CALIF

DA I NGE RF I ELD , TEXAS

POMONA, CALIF

POMONA, CALIF

SANTA MONICA, CALIF

PASADENA, CALIF

CONCORD, CALIF

EL SEGUNDO, CALIF

SANTA MONICA, CALIF

PALO ALTO, CALIF

LOS ANGELES, CALIF

LOS ANGELES, CALIF

ONTARIO, CALIF

LOS ANGELES, CALIF

REDLANDS. CALIF

MONROVIA, CALIF

ANAHEIM, CALIF

LOS ANGELES, CALIF

RIVERSIDE, CALIF

PASADENA, CALIF

BURBANK, CALIF

SYLMAR, calif

ANAHEIM, CALIF

EL SEGUNDO. CALIF

LANSDALE. CALIF

GLENDALE. CALIF

BEVERLY HILLS, CALIF

SUNNYVALE. CALIF

VAN NUYS, CALIF

SUNNYVALE, CALIF

LONG BEACH, CALIF

HOLLYWOOD, CALIF

19
CODE

MDC

MBC

MOC

NAC

NFC

NCC

NEC

OPC

PBC

POC

RMC

R VC

REC

RGC

RFC

RKC

RHC

SIC

SHC

SZC

STC

SSC

SPC

THC

TAC

use

VAC

WAC

WSC

WKC

WEC

W DC wee wzc

WLC

WESTERN AREA

CONTRACTOR’S STANDARDS LABS (SLIM)

CONTRACTOR LOCATION

MARTIN COMPANY* GLENN L MINNEAPOLIS HONEYWELL REGULATOR

MOTOROLA, INC, PHOENIX RESEARCH

CO

LAB

DENVER, COLO

MONROVIA, CALIF

PHOENIX, ARIZ

NADER MFG CO

NEW MEXICO COLLEGE OF AGRIC MECH ARTS

NORTH AMERICAN AVIATION INC, AUTONETICS DIV

NORTH AMERICAN AVIATION INC, ROCKET DYNE DIV

MONROVIA, CALIF

STATE COLLEGE* NM

BELLFLOWER, CALIF

CANOGA PARK, CALI

OWEN LAB PASADENA, CALIF

PRECISION TECHNOLOGY, INC

POMONA ELECTRONIC CO

LIVERMORE, CALIF

POMONA, CALIF

RAD I APHONE CO

RADIOPLANE

REINHOLD ENGRG PLASTICS CO

RHEEM MFG CO

ROBERTSHAW FULTON CONTROLS CO

ROYAL INDUSTRIES

ROYAL INDUSTRIES, INC

MONROVIA, CALIF

VAN NUYS, CALIF

NORWALK,. CALIF

RIVERA, CALIF

ANAHEIM, CALIF

ALHAMBRA, CALIF

BURBANK, CALIF

SANDIA CORP

SANDIA CORP, SANDIA BASE

STELLARDYNE LAB

STODDART AIRCRAFT RADIO CORP

SPECTROL CORP

SUNDSTRAND TURBO

LIVERMORE, CALIF

ALBUQUERQUE, NM

EL CAJON, CALIF

HOLLYWOOD, CALIF

SAN GABRIEL, CALI

PACOIMA, CALIF

TELECOMPUTING CORP

TEXAS, UN I V OF, DEFENSE RESEARCH LAB

N HOLLYWOOD, CALI

AUSTIN, TEXAS

US ENGRG CO LOS ANGELES, CALI

VAR I AN ASSOCIATES PALO ALTO, CALIF

WAHLGREN ELECTRICAL MFG CO

WASHINGTON, UN I V OF, APPLIED PHYSICS LAB

WASTE KING CORP

WESTERN DESIGN MFG CO

WESTINGHOUSE ELECTRIC CO

WIANCKO ENGRG CO

WESTINGHOUSE, TERMINAL ISLAND

WHITAKER CO, WM R

PASADENA, CALIF

SEATTLE, WASH

LOS ANGELES, CALI

GOLETA, CALIF

SUNNYVALE, CALIF

PASADENA, CALIF

LONG BEACH, CALIF

LOS ANGELES, CALI

TOTAL NO. : 207
STANDARDS AND CALIBRATION PROGRAMS

U. S. AIR FORCE

RESPONSIBILITY for calibration of precision equipment used by Air

Force activities rests with the Air Materiel Command (AMC),

whiph in turn has designated the Gentile Air Force Station,

Dayton AF Depot, as the Air Force central control agency for

certification of all standards utilized in all Air Materiel

Areas (AMA's) and AF Depots.

(The AMA is a field agency of the AMC in a specified

geographical area -- with the exception of the Rome (N. Y.)

AMA, which is concerned with the procurement and storage

of larger items of electronic ground equipment (radar,

communication systems, etc.). There are nine AMA's in

continental U. S. and six overseas. An AF Depot is an establishment within the confines of an AMA and includes a landing field, base facilities, and facilities for the

wholesale receipt, storage, and distribution of AF supplies

and for performing depot maintenance.

BUDGET: The capital equipment devoted to the AMC calibration program is about $18 millions and the annual cost to AMC is

about $9.5 millions. Also, there are about 2,170 AF

personnel concerned with calibration activities; this includes about 1,200 persons at AF Base facilities who are occupied mostly with maintenance and repair.

TRAINING: The extent to which the AF is expanding its calibration

activities is indicated by its training program in the maintenance and calibration of precision measuring equipment.

The training is concentrated at Lowry Technical Training

Center, "Lowry AF Base, Denver, where courses were started in

April 1959. So far about 140 have been graduated, about 100 are now in training, and about 18 are added per week. Several

sections run simultaneously, with about six trainees per

section. The course lasts 18 weeks. Trainees are Airmen 1st

class or civilians with two or more years experience with

electronic equipment; they are selected by competitive

examination.

AIR FORCE STANDARDS: These are the highest echelon AF standards

in the dimensional and electromechanical areas. They are kept in the AF Standards Laboratory at Dayton AF Depot, and are used to calibrate transfer standards which are then handcarried to lower echelon standards labs at various AMA's and

Depots.

21
There are no corresponding AF Standards in the electrical and

electronic areas. Instead, there is a Dayton AF Depot

Detachment at NBS Boulder Laboratories which maintains a pool

of standards of the kind used at the next lower AF echelon.

Standards in the pool are calibrated by NBS Boulder and are then exchanged, on a regular schedule, for standards in use

at the AMA-level labs.

The AF is currently planning to move its top standards lab

from Dayton to a location near Heath, Ohio. It is converting

to this purpose a "surplus" plant (built by Kaiser for a large

scale forging operation which was made obsolescent before it

could be put to use) consisting principally of a very large

pit with unusually thick concrete walls.- The AF expects to

expand the measurement facilities at this new location to

include means for handling the ultra-precise inertial guidance

accelerometers which no existing standards laboratory is

presently equipped to calibrate.

AMA-LEVEL STANDARDS LABORATORIES; Just below NBS, for electricalelectronic measurements, and just below the AF Standards

Laboratory at Dayton, for dimensional and electromechanical

measurements, are the "AMA~.level" laboratories maintained

presently at 16 locations throughout the world, namely at:

Patrick AF Base: RCA is in the process of being

supplied with AMA-level electrical and electronic

standards. Under consideration is a plan to supply

a set of AMA- level dimensional and electromechanical

standards to the Pan American Airways plant at Patrick.

Central AMA, Europe (Chateauroux, France; operated by

RCA). Spain AMA (Madrid; operated by General Electric).

Northern AMA, Pacific (Tachikama, Japan).

Elmendorf AF Base, Alaska, has been authorized certain

standards at this level, and is in the course of getting

them.

Canada: In connection with the maintenance of radar outposts, limited numbers of AMA-level standards are being

provided to two firms that have contracted to handle

maintenance operations for the AF.

Sacramento AMA

San Bernardino AMA

Ogden AMA

San Antonio AMA

Mobile AMA

Rome AMA

Warner Robbins AMA

Middletown .AMA Oklahoma City AMA

22
The principal function of the AMA-level standards laboratories

is to calibrate the standards of the next lower echelon of

AF standards -- those maintained usually at AF Bases.

BASE STANDARDS LABORATORIES: The AF "Base" Standards Laboratories

will ordinarily be located at AF Base Calibration and maintenance shops. About 160 such Base Standards Laboratories are now planned. About 40 are now operational , and the remainder

are expected to have their complement of Base standards in

six to twelve months. The main obstacle to the setting up of

such labs has not been that of procuring equipment, but of

getting laboratory buildings and competent staff. Equipment

for all planned Base standards facilities is now being delivered to Dayton, where the "packages" of standards are put together for shipment to the Base locations. In FY 1959,

the AF spent $6 millions for such equipment; in FY 1960 it

will spend closer to $5 millions.

The number of Base standards facilities planned for each of

the AMA's is indicated in the following by the numeral in

parentheses after the name of the AMA:

Sacramento (10) Warner Robbins (13)

San Bernardino (9) Middletown (19)

Ogden (15) Northern Pacific (8)

San Antonio (21) Northern Europe (23)

Mobile (18) Spain (7)

At about this same level are the calibration vans

that are used to service the Thor squadrons in the

U. K. ; also the test facilities at other AF installations such as the Aircraft Control and Warning (AC

Sc W) or Radar Bomb Scoring (RBS) sites.

REFERENCES: AF Regulation 74-2 , 17 Jan 1,958, with SUPPLEMENT 1,

19 Mar 1958, "establishes basic requirements and assigns

responsibilities for the repair, calibration, and certification of precision measurement equipment .

AF Technical Order , TO: 33-1-14, 21 Feb 1958, outlines the

structure of the AF calibration program and gives lists of

standards and accessories at the AMA and AF Base levels.

USAF Program for Calibration and Repair of Precision Measurement Equipment , by Major K. M. Johnston, U. S. Air Force Aircraft

Accident and Maintenance Review, 14, 2 (October 1959).

23
CHART AF-I FROM: T. O. 33-1-14

24

USAF

Calibration

System
STANDARDS AND CALIBRATION PROGRAMS

ATOMIC ENERGY COMMISSION

(All quotations are from the IRE article by H. C * Biggs referred

to below)

NEED FOR AEC SYSTEM TO MONITOR PRECISION MEASUREMENTS: "The basic

problem is to establish and maintain standards in a system

marked by great decentralization with many participating

agencies and wide geographic dispersion.

AEC-related "research, development, and manufacturing, and use of atomic weapons constitute an involved set of interlocking operations. Non-nuclear development work is the

responsibility of Sandia Corporation. Components and subassemblied are manufactured throughout the country by

companies carefully chosen for their ability to do precision

work. Weapon components are inspected either at Sandia or

at widely separated manufacturing plants. The AEC also

operates a quality assurance program to confirm that weapon

systems, as produced, meet the design intent outlined by the

design engineers. Finally, additional tests are made by

military agencies at storage locations or in the field."

As for the weapons themselves, their complexity makes many

different kinds of measurement necessary. "Every weapon is

enclosed in a case of some sort, contains nuclear fuel,, and

has a fuzing and firing system. For testing purposes, it

consists basically of mechanical, electrical and electromechanical parts, all of which must be measured during manufacturing. After a weapon has been assembled, measurements

are confined mainly to electrical and electromechanical tests.

For field tests, only electrical and pressure measurements are

needed.

STRUCTURE: The structural outline of the AEC calibration system

is shown in the attached Chart AEC-1.

To meet the problem indicated above and "to secure compatible

measuring results throughout the complex of development, manufacturing, and testing agencies, a Physical -and Electrical

Standards Department was formed at Sandia Corporation, " with

the responsibility of monitoring the measuring equipment of

all other special weapons agencies.

SANDIA ("PRIMARY") STANDARDS LABORATORY: This is the top standards

laboratory in the AEC structure. Operated by the Sandia Physical and Electrical Standards Dept. , its principal function is

to certify reference standards used by tie "Secondary Reference

Laboratories" at the next lower step in the calibration chain.

25
The Sandia Standards Laboratory has rather strict technical

surveillance over the Secondary Labs. According to Biggs:

"If methodology is to be standard, one agency must be paramount. This is especially important because the trend in AEC

manufacturing is toward ever tighter tolerances, which carry

in their wake the demand for tighter standards and more

sensitive equipment. To meet these demands, the AEC has

asked the primary laboratory (at Sandia) to report on the

quality of work done at the secondary laboratories. These

determinations of quality are made through technical audits.

Samples barometers, voltmeters, gauge blocks, resistors -- are rotated continually among the secondary laboratories,

each of which is asked to measure or calibrate the samples to

the limit of its ability. The results of these measurements

are sent to the laboratories as an indication of their

competence.

The "Primary" lab at Sandia has two parts: "Physical" and

"Electrical." The first is concerned with standards for

dimensional measurements, for calibration of weighing equipment, humidity measurements, pressure, and temperature. The

other handles electrical standards =- voltage, current, impedance, power, pulse, and radiation -- in the range from DC

to tens of kilomegacycles

Coordination of the standards at Sandia with those at NBS on the one hand and with those of the "Secondary" labs on the

other is effected largely by means of "closed calibration

loops." For example: "In establishing secondary electrical

references, four unsaturaf ed-type standard cells are first

certified against a bank, of saturated cells at the primary

(Sandia) standards laboratory and then sent to a secondary

laboratory. There they are intercompared by a precision

potentiometer. After three months, one standard cell is

compared with the other three cells and sent to the primary

laboratory for a new certification. After the cell is

returned to the secondary laboratory its value is again intercompared with the other three cells to make sure that it has

suffered no damage in transit. Many calibration loops,

similar to this in essence but varying in detail, insure the

validity of all calibrations."

SECONDARY STANDARDS LABORATORIES: These are established at various

inspection locations -- at Sandia itself, manufacturing

suppliers of the AEC, and at military installations. Their

task is to provide calibration service for measuring equipment.

". . . the term secondary is used in a relative sense. . . The

quality of the standards at secondary laboratories is similar

26
to that of the primary standards of many industrial organizations. In fact, the primary standards of a supplier automatically becomes secondary standards when the supplier enters

the AEC system.

As the last sentence may suggest, although the secondary lab

may belong to a private company, or be part of a military

installation, the AEC (through Sandia) will provide it with

calibration services without charge -- at least to the extent

that the secondary lab's work relates to a special weapons

proj ect.

REFERENCE: Physical and Electrical Standardization Program for

the AEC , by H. C. Biggs, IRE Transaction on Instrumentation,

Vol. 1-7, Nos. 3 and 4, December 1958, page 364. This is

ac<tajnpanied by four and a half pages of tabulations showing

the principal standards and equipment, and their accuracies,

in use at the various levels of the AEC calibration system.

27
CHART AECNATIONAL BUREAU

OF STANDARDS

A

Calibration Loop

PRIMARY STANDARDS LABORATORY

Sandia Corporation

Physical and Electrical Standards

A Primary Transfer

Standard

SECONDARY REFERENCE LABORATORIES

Sandia - Suppliers - Military

A

U

Secondary Transfer

Standards

INSTRUMENTS GAGES TESTERS

Relative Tolerance

AEC CALIBRATION CHAIN

(Based on diagram accompanying H. C. Biggs' IRE article-

see "Source of Information. ")

28
STANDARDS AND CALIBRATION REQUIREMENTS

IMPOSED BY DEFENSE AGENCIES ON CONTRACTORS

Army Ordnance Corps : The Army Ordnance Corps requires its

contractors to have complete calibration systems, Including

the necessary standards. In their acceptance testing work,

Army Ordnance inspectors need not rely entirely on contractor

test equipment but can call on the Army Ordnance standards

laboratories for assistance. Occasionally, but not very often,

the provision of services by Army Ordnance standards laboratories to contractors is written into the contract.

Air Force . As a matter of general policy, the AF expects its

contractors to provide for their own calibration needs, either

through a company standards laboratory or through an outside

commercial laboratory. The only ease in which the AF provides

regular calibration service is when the contractor, as part

of his contractual obligation, performs maintenance and repair

work with AF equipment at AF installations. AF standards labs

will also perform "referee" calibrations.

All AF contracts have a clause that requires the contractor to

"provide and maintain gages and other measuring and testing

devices necessary to assure that supplies conform to contract

requirements. Such devices shall be checked with suitable -n. measurement ’ equipment at established periods to assure con- tinued accuracy.

.

e and (the contractor) shall maintain records

or other conclusive evidence that proper control is being

provided." (Quotation from MIL-Q-5923C (USAF) , paragraph 3.3,

8 Jan. 1956). A more detailed clause is now being drafted

which will call specifically for traceability to NBS." The

"traceability" requirement has already been put into effect

as an interpretation of the existing clause, starting early

in 1959 and is probably a major factor in the current expansion of standardization activities in private industry.

Navy BuOrd-BuShips . BuOrd and BuShips make it mandatory for

contractors to maintain test equipment in calibration and to

keep records of calibration dates. For contractors without

the needed calibration facilities, the Metrology Department

of the BuOrd-BuShips calibration system will undertake to

perform a "measurement requirements analysis" for them. Then, on an interim basis, until the contractor can set up his own standards lab, BuOrd-BuShi.ps standards labs will service his

instruments

.

29
Navy BuAer . BuAer takes pretty much the same position as BuOrd

and BuShips. The aim of the BuAer standards labs is to provide

assistance to BuAer inspectors, not to the contractors (who

must provide their own calibration services).

Atomic Energy Commission . The "Primary" Standards Laboratory

established at Sandia Corporation in Albuquerque, N. M.

,

supplies calibration services to AEC contractors without charge.

Calibrations are mostly in the areas of microwave quantities

and acceleration, . A preferred way of providing this service

is by preparing special kits of standards and calibrated

instruments that are sent to the contractors on loan.

30

USCOMM-NBS-DC
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE

Frederick H. Mueller, Secretary NATIONAL BUREAU OF STANDARDS

A. V. Astin, Director THE NATIONAL BUREAU OF STANDARDS

The scope of activities of the National Bureau of Standards at its major laboratories in Washington, D.C., and

Boulder, Colorado, is suggested in the following listing of the divisions and sections engaged in technical work.

In general, each section carries out specialized research, development, and engineering in the field indicated by

its title. A brief description of the activities, and of the resultant publications, appears on the inside of the front

cover.

I WASHINGTON, D.C. I

Electricity and Electronics. Resistance and Reactance. Electron Devices. Electrical Instruments. Magnetic Measurements. Dielectrics. Engineering Electronics. Electronic Instrumentation. Electrochemistry.

Optics and Metrology. Photometry and Colorimetry. Photographic Technology. Length. Engineering

Metrology. .

.

Heat. Temperature Physics. Thermodynamics. Cryogenic Physics. Rheology. Molecular Kinetics. Free

Radicals Research.

| Atomic and Radiation Physics. Spectroscopy. Radiotnetry. Mass Spectrometry. Solid State Physics. Electron Physics. Atomic Physics. Neutron Physics. Radiation Theory. Radioactivity. X-rays. High

Energy Radiation. Nucleonic Instrumentation. Radiological Equipment.

Chemistry. Organic Coatings. Surface Chemistry. Organic Chemistry. Analytical Chemistry. Inorganic

Chemistry. Electrodeposition. Molecular Structure and Properties of Gases. Physical Chemistry. Thermochemistry. Spectrochemistry. Pure Substances.

Mechanics. Sound. Mechanical Instruments. Fluid Mechanics. Engineering Mechanics. Mass and Scale. Capacity, Density, and Fluid Meters. Combustion Controls.

Organic and Fibrous Materials. Rubber. Textiles. Paper. Leather. Testing and Specifications. Poly- mer Structure. Plastics. Dental Research.

Metallurgy. Thermal Metallurgy. Chemical Metallurgy. Mechanical Metallurgy. Corrosion. Metal

. Physics.

Mineral Products. Engineering Ceramics. Glass. Refractories. Enameled Metals. Constitution and Microstructure.

Building Technology. Structural Engineering. Fire Protection. Air Conditioning, Heating, and Refrigeration. Floor, Roof, and Wall Coverings. Codes and Safety Standards. Heat Transfer. Concreting Materials.

Applied Mathematics. Numerical Analysis. Computation. Statistical Engineering. Mathematical Physics.

Data Processing Systems. SEAC Engineering Group. Components and Techniques. Digital Circuitry.

Digital Systems. Analog Systems. Application Engineering.

® Office of Basic Instrumentation. o Office of Weights and Measures. BOULDER, COLORADO

Cryogenic Engineering, Cryogenic Equipment. Cryogenic Processes. Properties of Materials. Gas Liquefaction. Radio Propagation Physics. Upper Atmosphere Research. Ionospheric Research. Regular Propagation

Services. Sun-Earth Relationships. VHF Research. Radio Warning Services. Airglow and Aurora. Radio

Astronomy and Arctic Propagation.

Radio Propagation Engineering. Data Reduction Instrumentation. Modulation Research. Radio Noise. Tropospheric Measurements. Tropospheric Analysis. Propagation Obstacles Engineering. Radio-Meteorology. Lower Atmosphere Physics.

Radio Standards. High Frequency Electrical Standards. Radio Broadcast Service. High Frequency Impedance Standards. Electronic Calibration Center. Microwave Physics. Microwave Circuit standards. Radio Communication and Systems. Low Frequency and Very Low Frequency Research. High Fre- quency and Very High Frequency Research. Ultra High Frequency and Super High Frequency H csearcli. Modulation Research. Antenna Research. Navigation Systems. Systems Analysis. Field Operations.