Illinois Official Reports

Appellate Court

People v. Baker, 2020 IL App (3d) 180348

Appellate Court 

Caption

THE PEOPLE OF THE STATE OF ILLINOIS, Plaintiff-Appellee, v.

MICAH C. BAKER, Defendant-Appellant.

District & No. Third District 

No. 3-18-0348

Filed August 6, 2020

Decision Under 

Review

Appeal from the Circuit Court of Will County, No. 17-CF-1997; the 

Hon. Edward A. Burmila Jr., Judge, presiding.

Judgment Reversed and remanded.

Counsel on

Appeal

James E. Chadd, Thomas A. Karalis, and Steven Varel, of State 

Appellate Defender’s Office, of Ottawa, for appellant.

James W. Glasgow, State’s Attorney, of Joliet (Patrick Delfino and 

Thomas D. Arado, of State’s Attorneys Appellate Prosecutor’s Office, 

of counsel), for the People.

Panel JUSTICE SCHMIDT delivered the judgment of the court, with 

opinion.

Justices Carter and O’Brien concurred in the judgment and opinion.
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OPINION

¶ 1 Defendant, Micah C. Baker, appeals the Will County circuit court’s denial of his motion to 

withdraw his guilty plea. Defendant argues the circuit court failed to comply with Illinois 

Supreme Court Rule 604(d) (eff. July 1, 2017). We reverse and remand.

¶ 2 I. BACKGROUND

¶ 3 After a grand jury indictment, the State charged defendant with two counts of domestic 

battery (720 ILCS 5/12-3.2(a)(2), (b) (West 2016)). The court appointed counsel to represent 

defendant. On March 15, 2018, defendant pled guilty to the more serious charge. In exchange 

for his plea, the State moved to dismiss the lesser charge and recommended a sentence of 180 

days in jail and 30 months’ probation. The court granted the State’s motion and imposed the 

recommended sentence.

¶ 4 On March 21, 2018, defendant appeared without counsel and told the court he wished to 

withdraw his guilty plea. The court instructed defendant to file a written document containing 

his reasons for wanting to withdraw his plea and provide the State with notice.

¶ 5 On March 23, 2018, defendant filed a timely pro se motion titled “My plea withdrawl 

[sic],” wherein defendant described his reasons for wanting to withdraw his plea. Defendant 

appeared without counsel that same day. The court did not determine whether defendant had 

legal representation. The State said it did not have a copy of defendant’s motion and requested 

additional time to respond. The court allowed the request and scheduled a hearing for April 11, 

2018. When defendant did not appear on April 11, the court removed the case from the docket, 

saying, “Strike it from the call.”

¶ 6 On April 16, 2018, defendant appeared without counsel. The court failed to determine 

whether defendant had legal representation. The court asked defendant what he wanted his 

pro se motion to accomplish. Defendant said he wished to withdraw his guilty plea. The court 

repeated its previous instructions, directing defendant to file a written document laying out his 

reasons for wanting to withdraw his plea, and scheduled a hearing for April 20, 2018.

¶ 7 On April 20, 2018, defendant appeared without counsel before a different judge, who reset 

the hearing for May 3, 2018, to ensure the plea judge would oversee the matter. On May 3, 

2018, defendant failed to appear. The court removed defendant’s case from the docket, saying 

defendant’s “motion to withdraw his plea of guilty is stricken.”

¶ 8 On May 8, 2018, defendant filed a second pro se motion titled “[Defendant’s] reasons for 

plea withdrawl [sic],” which largely repeated his first motion’s assertions. Defendant appeared 

without counsel that same day. The court failed to determine whether defendant had legal 

representation. The court allowed the State’s request for time to respond to defendant’s motion. 

The State filed its written response on May 24, 2018. On May 29, 2018, defendant appeared 

without counsel, said he did not have a copy of the State’s response to his motion, and received 

time to review the response. The court reset the case for a June 6, 2018, hearing.

¶ 9 On June 6, 2018, defendant appeared without counsel. Without addressing defendant’s lack 

of counsel, the court held a hearing on defendant’s first motion to withdraw his guilty plea. 

After hearing the parties’ arguments, the court denied the motion. The court asked defendant 

if he had a public defender, and defendant said “No.” The court then asked, “Are you going to 

be able to afford counsel on appeal now?” Defendant replied, “What is counsel?” Plea counsel, 
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who was sitting in the courtroom at the time, informed the court that he had represented 

defendant during the plea proceedings. The circuit clerk filed a notice of appeal on defendant’s 

behalf on June 7, 2018.

¶ 10 II. ANALYSIS

¶ 11 Defendant argues the circuit court failed to comply with Illinois Supreme Court Rule 

604(d) (eff. July 1, 2017) by not determining whether defendant had legal representation, 

appointing counsel for defendant for postplea proceedings, or obtaining a knowing waiver of 

defendant’s right to counsel. The State concedes that the court erred when it did not determine 

whether defendant had postplea legal representation. However, the State argues that we do not 

have jurisdiction to consider defendant’s appeal.

¶ 12 Where, as in this case, defendant entered a fully negotiated guilty plea, he may not appeal 

the judgment entered upon the guilty plea without first filing a motion to withdraw the plea 

within 30 days of sentencing. Id. If the court denies the motion, defendant must then file a 

notice of appeal in the circuit court within 30 days. Id. Defendant may file a late notice of 

appeal in the appellate court under certain circumstances. Ill. S. Ct. R. 606(c) (eff. July 1, 

2017). “The timely filing of a Rule 604(d) motion and a notice of appeal are jurisdictional 

prerequisites to a review of defendant’s guilty plea.” People v. Dieterman, 243 Ill. App. 3d 

838, 841 (1993).

¶ 13 The State contends that we lack jurisdiction to review the merits of defendant’s appeal 

because defendant filed his notice of appeal more than 30 days after the court imposed his 

sentence. The State argues the court struck defendant’s timely first motion from the record, 

either on April 11, 2018, by saying “[s]trike it from the call” or on May 3, 2018, by saying the 

“motion to withdraw his plea of guilty is stricken.” As a result, defendant’s May 8, 2018, 

motion, which was filed 54 days after sentencing, was untimely.

¶ 14 The State’s argument misconstrues the record. The court impliedly extended the time for 

filing a motion to reconsider sentence by considering the merits of defendant’s May 8, 2018, 

motion. See People v. Church, 334 Ill. App. 3d 607, 613-14 (2002). Observing defendant’s 

filing difficulties, the court allowed defendant at least three attempts to file his motion properly. 

The court’s April 11, 2018, statement “Strike it from the call” removed the case from the docket 

because defendant failed to appear. It did not eliminate defendant’s motion entirely. Likewise, 

the court’s May 3, 2018, statement “motion to withdraw his plea of guilty is stricken,” only 

removed the case from the docket. When defendant filed a written motion and appeared, the 

court allowed the State to respond and properly considered the merits of defendant’s motion. 

To find otherwise would require us to determine that the court erred by conducting a hearing 

on defendant’s second motion and denying the motion on its merits instead of dismissing it for 

untimeliness. See People v. Bailey, 2014 IL 115459, ¶ 27. We presume the court knows the 

law and applied it properly unless the record contains strong affirmative evidence to the 

contrary. People v. Howery, 178 Ill. 2d 1, 32 (1997). Therefore, the court did not err by ruling 

on the merits of defendant’s pro se motion to withdraw. Defendant’s timely notice of appeal 

from the court’s denial of his timely pro se motion to withdraw his guilty plea vested us with 

jurisdiction to consider the merits of defendant’s appeal.

¶ 15 Under Rule 604(d), when a defendant files a motion to withdraw his guilty plea within 30 

days of sentencing the court shall “determine whether the defendant is represented by counsel, 

and if the defendant is indigent and desires counsel, the trial court shall appoint counsel.” Ill. 
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S. Ct. R. 604(d) (eff. July 1, 2017). When a defendant manifests an interest in challenging the 

judgment against him, the court “ ‘has an affirmative duty to ascertain whether a defendant 

desires counsel for preparation and presentation of postplea motions.’ ” (Emphasis in original.) 

People v. Perry, 2014 IL App (1st) 122584, ¶ 22 (quoting People v. Griffin, 305 Ill. App. 3d 

326, 332 (1999)). The court must either appoint counsel to represent an indigent defendant for 

postplea proceedings or find that the defendant knowingly waived the right to appointed 

counsel. People v. Smith, 365 Ill. App. 3d 356, 360 (2006). If a court fails to satisfy this 

requirement, it must remand the case. Id. at 361. We review de novo the issue of whether the 

court failed to comply with the Rule 604(d) requirements. Id. at 358.

¶ 16 After reviewing the record, we accept the State’s concession. Defendant filed his first 

pro se motion to withdraw his plea on March 23, 2018, within the prescribed 30-day period, 

but the court did not determine whether defendant had legal representation until after the June 

6, 2018, hearing where the court denied the motion. The court failed to comply with Rule 

604(d). Moreover, defendant’s comments during the postplea proceedings indicated that he 

was unaware of his right to postplea counsel. The appointment of counsel would have 

eliminated the confusion around the motion filing process. Therefore, we reverse the judgment 

of the circuit court denying defendant’s motion to withdraw his guilty plea and remand the 

case for further proceedings.

¶ 17 III. CONCLUSION

¶ 18 For the foregoing reasons, we reverse the judgment of the circuit court of Will County and 

remand for further proceedings.

¶ 19 Reversed and remanded.