(i)

DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE AND LABOR

BUREAU OF STANDARDS

S. W. STRATTON, Director

Laws Concerning the Weights and Measures

OF THE UNITED STATES

CF'AKST -EDITION)

COMPILED BY LOUIS A. FISCHER, Associate Physicist

AND

HENRY D. HUBBARD, Secretary

BUREAU OF STANDARDS

WASHINGTON

GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE

1904

DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE AND LABOR

BUREAU OF STANDARDS

S. W. STRATTON, Director

Laws Concerning the Weights and Measures

OF THE - UNITED STATES

COMPILED BY LOUIS A. FISCHER, Associate Physicist

AND

HENRY D. HUBBARD, Secretary

BUREAU OF STANDARDS

WASHINGTON

GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE

1904
Department of Commerce and Labor

Document No. 31 BUREAU OF standards

II
CONTENTS.

Page. Letter of sub^uttal v

Introductiox vn

xatio^"ae latts and regulations conxerxixg weights axd measttres 1 Laws of the States, Territories, and possessions of the United States concerning WEIGHTS AND MEASURES 25-466

Al.^bama

Alaska

Aeizoxa

Aekaxsas

Califorxia

Colorado

Coy>T:cTicx"T

Delaw.are

District of Columbia

Florida

Georgia

Hawaii

Idaho

Illinois IXDIAXA Iowa

Kansas Kentucky

Louisiana

Maine

iLuiYLAND

!\L\ssachusetts

Michigan

Minnesota

Mississippi IMlSSOUBI

Page2529

3133

3747

6167

79 101 105

109 113

119 127

135

145

151 155

165 175

189 223

231 239

243

Montana , Xebraska

Xew Hampshiee

Xew Jebsey , Xew Mexico

Xew York , North Carolina .

.

North Dakota

Ohio '. Oklahoma

Oregon

Pennsylvania

Philippines Porto Rico

Ehode Island

South Carolina

South Dakota

Tennessee Texas Utah

Vermont

Virginia

Washington

West Vibginia

Wisconsin

Wyoming

Page. 247 253

259

267

273

277

291 297

305

321 329

331 351

353

357

371 385

393

407 411

419

423

431

443

449

457 Tables of the legal weights (in pounds) of a bushel of various com3iodities—

Appendix . . 467

Index 471

f

LETTER OF SUBMITTAL.

Department of Commerce and Labor,

Bureau of Standards,

WasMngtoti, December £8, lOOJ/..

Sir: I have the honor to submit herewith for publication a compilation of the laws concern- ing the weights and measures of the United States. On account of the diversity in these laws throughout the country it has hitherto been

practically impossible to obtain complete and accurate information on this subject from a single

volume. An examination of the volume will show serious differences in the laws and practice

regarding almost every kind of measures in the various parts of the United States.

It is believed that this compilation will be of service to the State, county, and city sealers of

weights and measures, to manufacturers of measuring instruments and others engaged in industries in which measuring and weighing are important factors, and especiallj^ to those who

desire authentic information in order properly to consider measures proposed for the improvement of our weights and measures. Heretofore such information has not been available for the

intelligent discussion of this important subject.

Respectfully, S. W. STRATTON, '

Director.

The Secretary of Commerce and Labor.

V

INTRODUCTION.

This collection of the laws concerning the weights and measures of the United States was

begun for the use of the Bureau of Standards and not for the pui'pose of publication. On

account, however, of the interest that these laws have for legislators, State and city sealers of

weights and measures, and those industries whose operations cover several States, it has been

deemed advisable to publish this volume, particularly since the information here collected could

otherwise be found onl}' in scattered volumes rarely accessible to a single individual.

Section VIII of the Constitution of the United States authorizes Congress to "fix the standard

of weights and measures," and notwithstanding that the importance of the subject was repeatedlj"

urged by Washington, Adams, and Jefferson in their messages to Congress, no general legislation

has ever been enacted in regard to the weights and measures now in common use. At the time

of the American Revolution the weights and measures in common use were of English origin.

Most of them had been procured from time to time by the colonies from Great Britain, and

although it was well known that there were variations in the weights and measures of the same

denomination thi'oughout the States, it was not until 1830 that the matter received attention

from Congress. At this time an investigation of the weights and measures in use in the various

custom-houses was ordered by a resolution of the Senate. As a result of this investigation the

avoirdupois pound, the English yard, the wine gallon of 231 cubic inches, and bushel of 2,150.42

cubic inches were adopted by the Treasury Department, and the construction of copies of the

standards thus established was immediateh" undertaken in order to supply the custom-houses

with uniform weights and measures.

In 1836 a joint resolution of Congress directed the Secretar}^ of the Treasury to deliver to the

governor of each State in the Union a complete set of all the weights and measures adopted as standards by that Department, to the end that a uniform standard of weights and measures might

be established throughout the United States. Nearl}^ all of the States have been supplied

with complete sets of standards in accordance with the resolution mentioned, and in many cases they have been adopted b}' legislative action as the standards of the State. The fundamental

standards, the pound, yard, gallon, and bushel, are, therefore, with certain exceptions, uniform

throughout the Union. "The practice, however, in regard to the use of the two units last mentioned and their subdivisions differs materiall3^ In some States the gallon of certain

products is defined as a definite number of pounds. Twelve pounds of strained honey is a legal

gallon in Nebraska; 6i pounds of kerosene in Kansas, 7i pounds of linseed in Ohio, 11 pounds

of sorghum molasses in Indiana, are likewise legal gallons of the products named. These legal

weights do not accord with the true volume of one gallon of 231 cubic inches. In a few

instances the old ale gallon of 282 cubic inches is legalized, and in several States the old ale or milk gallon is the legal dry gallon, this being about 5 per cent larger than the corresponding

unit derived from the standard (Winchestei") bushel.

19150—05 n VII
VIII INTRODUCTION.

In many of the States the legal bushel of certain commodities is specified in pounds.

Special bushels have also been legally established in man}^ States for particular products, such

as the charcoal bushel, which in Connecticut is 2,748 cubic inches, in Colorado 2,600 cubic

inches, in Kansas 2,664 cubic inches, in Pennsylvania 2,571 cubic inches, and in Minnesota

2,419.6 cubic inches (or one-half basket). In Vermont "one bushel and three-quarters of a peck

are deemed a bushel of charcoal, lime, or ashes." In some places 6 pecks constitute a bushel

of "screened lump coal." A lime bushel in Minnesota is 2,688 cubic inches. In Pennsylvania,

however, it is equal to the Winchester bushel, although the coke bushel is 2,648 cubic inches. In Idaho the bushel of fruit is 2,564 cubic inches, and the coke bushel in Missouri is 2,680

cubic inches. Some States require, furthermore, "heaped measure," others " struck measure,"

the heap sometimes being required to be "as high as the article will admit," and elsewhere "as

high as may be without special effort or design," and in still other cases, as in Connecticut, the

heaped bushel is definitely fixed as 2,664 cubic inches. The ton of coal is in some States fixed

at 2,000 pounds and in others at 2,240 pounds. The barrel varies from 29 gallons liquid

measure, or 100 dry quarts, in New York to 42 gallons liquid measure in Texas. This diversity causes confusion in the commerce between the different States. That there

is need for authoritative definition by weight is made evident by the fact that Congress has

found it necessary to specify the number of pounds of certain commodities in a bushel. , These values were adopted by Congress solely for use in the customs service, and do not

supersede the State laws, from which they often differ. In the Philippine Islands, Porto Rico, and Guam the metric system of weights and measures

is in general use, and it is the sole legalized system for these islands. The use of the metric

system has been legal in the United States since 1866, and although it is in extensrive use among

technical and scientific men it is not in general use in commercial transactions. Nevertheless the

legal status of the metric system is in some respects superior to that of our customary system of

weights and measures, since Congress has legalized the metric S3'stem as a whole and specifically

stated the relation of the various units to one another. On the other hand the system of weights

and measures in common use in the United States has never been specifically adopted by Congress

nor are the relations of the various units to one another fixed except by custom. It is therefore not possible to give a list of the legal weights and measures of this country, such as may be found

in foreign countries where the standax'ds and their multiples and subdivisions are fixed by law.

Congress has never even adopted material standards for our customary s3^stem of weights and

measures, but has left this matter to the discretion of the Ti'easur}^ Department.

Until 1893 the British Imperial 3'ard and pound were recognized hy the Treasury Department as the standards of the United States, but on account of the inferior character of the copies

of these standards in the possession of the Department it was decided that greater stability and

higher accuracy would be obtained by accepting the international meter and kilogram as the

fundamental standards of the United States. The yard was therefore defined as a certain

fraction of the meter and the pound as a certain fraction of the kilogram, the values adopted

being those established by the act of 1866, namely, 1 yard=|^ meter, and 1 pound avoirdupois=^^ kilogram. This action does not in any way alter the values of our customary

weights and measures, but simply fixes them in terms of standards that represent the highest

development of metrology. If any further justification for this action were needed, it would be

found in the fact that since it was taken the British Government has had constructed an iridio- platinum yard, similar in material and form to the International Meter.

In view of the confusion resulting from the diverse and conflicting laws in regard to our customary weights and measures, as shown by this compilation, it would seem that some action
INTEODUCTION. IX

tending to their improvement should be taken, either by Congress or by the joint action of tlie States, and this forms an additional reason for the present publication of the laws upon this

subject. In preparing the compilation a transcript was made from the latest authorized codes and

compiled statutes in the library of the Supreme Court of the United States, and this was

supplemented by the additional legislation appearing in the later volumes of the session laws.

Numerous relevant statutes were found elsewhere than in the code chapters on " Weights and

Measures," and these were also included. To insure the accuracy of the text the original manuscript was compared with the statutes, a duplicate of the corrected copy was submitted to the

governors of the States for comparison and revision, final proofs were furnished to the State governments for such further correction as might be needed to make the transcript complete,

and, finally, the references cited were reverified by the compilers. The compilation will naturally need revision from time to time as new laws are enacted or old ones repealed or amended.

In several cases existing laws have been declared unconstitutional by the courts, and this fact is noted in the text. To facilitate reference the lines of the text are numbered serially for each State, and in most

cases the sequence conforms to that found in the codes. The dates of the original enactments

and subsequent amendments have usually been cited, but where this has not been practicable

the reference is to the date of the volume cited, the aim having been to present the existing laws

rather than their historical development.

LAWS CONCERNING WEIGHTS AND MEASURES.

UNITED STATES.

V. s.

Reference. Date. Provisions. Suliject.

I'oiistitution of t li e United

States.

Art. I, sec.

8, liar. o.

Origiiiiil act,

0. 872.

Sec. 1. I. S. Stat- utes at

Largre,voi. 31, i).1440. K. S., 3.570. Sec. 2.

1787

Mar. 3, 1901.

Sec. 3.

Congress shall have the power * * To

coin Money, regulate the Value thereof and of

foreign Coin, and fix the Standard of Weights

and Measures

The Office of Standard Weights and Measures

shall hereafter be known as the National Bureau

of Standards.

That the functions of the bureau shall consist

in the custody of the standards ; the comparison

of the standards used in scientific investigations, engineering, manufacturing, commerce,

and educational institutions with the standards

adopted or recognized by the Government ; the

construction, when necessary, of standards,

their multiples and subdivisions; 'the testing

and calibration of standard measuring apparatus ; the solution of problems which arise in

connection with standards; the determination

of physical constants and the properties of mate -

rials, when such data are of great importance

to scientific or manufacturing interests and are not to be obtained of sufficient accuracy elsewhere.-

That the bureau shall exercise its functions

for the Government of the United States; for

any State or municipal government within the

United States; or for any scientific society,

educational institution, firm, corporation, or individual within the United States engaged in

manufacturing or other pursuits requiring the use of standards or standard measuring instruments. All requests for the services of the

bureau shall be made in accordance with the

I'ules and regulations herein established.

10

11

13

14

16

17

20

21

23

24

2(i

2S

30

31

32

33

34

N'atiiiiial stainlanl of weights ami iiieas- uros.

Estalilislinient of tlie National linreau of Standards.

Custody of standards.

t'oni|iarisons.

Construction & il standards.

Tests.

Investigations

For wliom its functions may be exercised.

19150—05-
2

u. s. WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject.

Officers and employ

ees.

Director.

Powers and duties.

Annual report.

Bulletins of Infornia

tlon.

Provisions.

35 1903 That the officers and. employees of the bureau

36 shall consist" of a director, at an annual salary

37 of five thousand dollars; one physicist, at an

38 annual salary of three thousand five hundred

39 dollars; one chemist, at an annual salary of

*o three thousand five hundred dollars; two as-

*i sistant physicists or chemists, each at an annual

salary of two thousand two hundred dollars;

*3 one laboratory assistant, at an annual salary of

one thousand four hundred dollars ; one labora45 tory assistant, at an annual salary of one thou

6 sand two hundred dollars ; one secretary, at an

*' annual salary of two thousand dollars; one

*8 clerk, at an annual salary of one thousand two

*9 hundred dollars; one messenger, at an annual

50 salary of seven hundred and twenty dollars;

51 one engineer, at an annual salary of one thou52 sand five hundred dollars; one mechanician, at

53 an annual salary of one thousand four hundred

54 dollars ; one watchman, at an annual salary of

55 seven hundred and twenty dollars, and one

66 laborer, at an annual salary of six hundred

5J dollars.

58 That the director shall be appointed by the

50 President, by and with the advice and consent

60 of the Senate. He shall have the general

61 supervision of the bureau, its equipment, and

62 the exercise of its functions. . He shall -make

63 an annual report to the Secretary of the Treas64 ury,'' including an abstract of the work done

65 during the year and a financial statement. He

66 may issue, when necessary, bulletins for public

« The staff of the Bureau has been increased by Congress from year to year. The legislative bill making appropriation for the fiscal year 1904-5 provides for the following officers: Director, physicist, chemist, 4 associate physicists, associate chemist, 7 assistant physicists, assistant chemist, 15 laboratory assistants, 2 aids, 5 laboratory apprentices,

storekeeper, librarian, secretary, 6 clerks, messenger boy, computer, 5 mechanicians, woodworker, draftsman, skilled laborer, 2 assistant messengers, engineer, 2 assistant engineers, electrician, 2 firemen, 2 laborers, janitor, charwoman,

2 watchmen.

b By the act of Congress establishing the Department of Commerce and Labor, the National Bureau of Standards was transferred to the new Department. The words "Commerce and Labor" should therefore be substituted for "Treasurv" wherever occurring in the original act.

Date.
WEIGHTS AXD MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Reference. Date.

Aft of Mar. j 1901

3. 1901. I

3

V. s.

Provisions. Subject.

67 Balletins.

68

71

73

74

Appointments.

Salaries.

jg Laboratory.

distribution, containing such information as may be of value to the pubhc or facilitate the

bureau in the exercise of its functions.

That the officers and employees provided for

by this Act, except the director, shall be appointed by the Secretary of the Treasury," at

such time as their respective services may become necessary.

That the following sums of money are hereby

appropriated: For the payment of salaries

provided for by this Act, the sum of twenty

seven thousand one hundred and forty dollars, or so much thereof as may be necessary ; toward

the erection of a suitable laboratory, of fireproof

construction, for the use and occupation of said

bureau, including all permanent fixtures, such

as plumbing, piping, wiring, heating, lighting,

and ventilation, the entire cost of which shall

not exceed the sum of two hundred and fifty

thousand dollars,'* one hundred thousand dollars

for equipment of said laboratory, the sum of

ten thousand dollars ; for a site for said labora - tory, to be approved by the visiting committee

hereinafter ]3rovided for and purchased by the

Secretary of the Treasury," the sum of twenty

five thousand dollars, or so much thereof as may be necessary; for the papnent of the general expenses of said bureau, including books

and periodicals, furnitui-e, office expenses, stationery and printing, heating and lighting,

expenses of the visiting committee, and contingencies of all kinds, the sum of five thousand

dollars,' or so much thereof as may be necessary, to be expended under the supervision of kjo

the Secretary of the Treasury." loi That for all comparisons, calibrations, tests, 102 or investigations, excej^t those performed for los the Government of the United States or State io+ «Now Secretary of Commerce and Labor. '-Extended to .§32.5,000. <'$]1,000 after 1903.

80

81

82

83

84

85

86

90

91

92

93

94

95

96

99

Fees for tests, etc.
4

IJ. s. WEIGHTS AKD MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject. Provisions. Date. Reference.

Fees for tests, etc.

Reffalations.

Vlsitiiis committee.

Standard weight of the mint.

10.5 governments within the United States, a rea106 sonable fee shall be charged, according to a

it>j schedule submitted by the director and approved

108 by the Secretary of the Treasury."

109 That the Secretary of the Treasury" shall,

110 from time to time, make regulations regarding

111 the payment of fees, the limits of tolerance to

112 be attained in standards submitted foi- verifica113 tion, the sealing of standards, the disbursement

111 and receipt of moneys, and such other matters

11'' as he may deem necessary for carrying this Act

lie into effect.

iiJ That there shall be a visiting committee of

118 five members, to be appointed by the Secretary

119 of the Treasury," to consist of men promi120 nent in the various interests involved, and

121 not in the employ of the Government. This

122 committee shall visit the bureau at least once a

123 year, and report to the Secretary of the Treas124 ury," upon the efficiency of its scientific work

125 and the condition of its equipment. The mem126 bers of this committee shall serve without com

127 pensation, but shall be paid the actual expenses

128 incurred in attending its meetings. The period

i2!> of service of the members of the original com13" mittee shall be so arranged that one member

131 shall retire each year, and the appointments

132 thereafter to be for a period of five years,

133 Appointments made to fill vacancies occurring

134 other than in the regular manner are to be made

135 for the remainder of the period in which the

136 vacancy e'Xists.

137 For the purpose of securing a due conformity

13S in weight of the coins of the United States to

139 the provisions of this title, the brass troy -pound

140 weight procured by the minister of the United

1+1 States at London, in the year eighteen hundred

142 and twenty -seven, for the use of the Mint and

143 now in the custody of the mint at Philadelphia,

«Ko\v Secretary of Commerce and Labor.

1901

{May 19. 1S28.)

Feb. 12, 1873.
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

u. s.

Reference. Date.

Sec 3549.

r. 131.

Sec. 50.

17 Stat.

432.

(1828)

(187S)

Feb. 12, 1871.

C. 301.

Sec. 1. 14 Stat.,

339. R. S., 3669.

C. 281. 14 Stat.,

301. R. S., 3880.

(;. 335.

Sec. 135.

17 Stat.,

301.

(;. 301.

Sec. 2. 14 Stat.,

339, 340. K. S., 3570.

July 28, 1866.

July 27, 1866.

(June 8, 1872.)

July 28, 1866.

Provisions.

shall be the standard troy pound of the Mint of

the United States, conformably to which the

coinage thereof shall be regulated.

It shall be the duty of the Director of the

Mint to procure for each mint and assay office,

to be kept safely thereat, a series of standard

weights corresponding to the standard troy

pound of the Mint of the United States, consisting of a one -pound weight and the requisite

subdivisions and multiples thereof, from the

hundredth part of a grain to twenty -five pounds.

The troy weights ordinarily employed in the

transactions of such mints and assay offices

shall be regulated according to the above stand - ards at least once in every year, under the inspection of the superintendent and assayer ; and

the accuracy of those used at the Mint at Philadelphia shall be tested annually, in the presence

of the assay commissioners, at the time of the

annual examination and test of coins.

It shall be lawful throughout the United States

of America to employ the weights and measures

of the metric system ; and no contract or deal - ing, or pleading in any court, shall be deemed

invalid or liable to objection because the weights

or measures expressed or referred to therein are weights or measures of the nietric system.

The Postmaster -General shall furnish to the

post-offices exchanging mails with foreign countries, and to such other offices as he may deem

expedient, postal balances denominated in grams

of the metric system, fifteen grams of which

shall be the equivalent for postal purposes, of

one -half ounce avoirdupois, and so in progression . The tables in the schedule hereto annexed

shall be recognized in the construction of con - tracts, and in all legal proceedings, as establishing, in terms of the weights and measures now

144

145

146

147

148

149

150

151

1.52

153

154

155

1,56

lo.

1.58

1.59

160

161

162

163

164

165

166

167

168

169

170

171

172

173

174

175

176

177

178

179

180

181

182

Subject.

Troy pound.

Standard weights for mints and assay

offices.

Annual testing.

The metric system authorized.

Metric postal balances

for post-ofBces.

Authorized tables of weights and measures.
6

V. s. WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject.

E(|ui?aleuts

lislied. estabTaltles <)f units.

Leiicrth.

Capacity.

Surface.

X rovisions.

-S3 in use in the United States, the equivalents of

18* the weights and measures expressed therein in

terms of the metric system ; and the tables may

186 lawfully be used for computing, determining,

187 and expressing in customary weights and meas -

188 ures the weights and measures of the metric

189 system.

190

191

192 193

194

195

19«

197

MEASURES OF LENGTH.

Metric denominations and values.

Myriameter 10,000 meters. Kilometer 1.000 meters. Hectometer 100 meters. Dekameter 10 meters. Meter 1 meter. Decimeter of a meter. Centimeter jj^ of a meter. Millimeter y^Vs ot a meter.

Equivalents in denominations in use.

6.2137 miles.

0.62137 miles, or 3,280 feet and 10 inches.

328

393.7 39.37

3.937

p.3937

feet and 1 inch.

inches.

inches.

inches. inch.

0.0394 inch.

MEASURES OF CAPACITY.

Metric denominations and values.

Names. Number

of liters.

198 Kiloliter or 1,000

stere. 199 Hectoliter .

.

100

200 Dekaliter... 10 201 Liter 1 202 Deciliter ... iV 203 Centiliter... 1*0 204 Milliliter...

Cubic measure.

1 cubic meter

jV of a cubic meter. .

.

10 cubic decimeters ..

1 cubic decimeter

i'b of a cub. decimeter

10 cubic centimeters .

1 cubic centimeter . .

.

Equivalents in denominations in use.

Drv measure. Liquor or wine

measure.

1.308 cub. yards..

2 bushels and

3.35 pecks.

9.08 quarts

0,908 quart

6.1022 cub. inch . 0.6102 cub. inch . 0.061 cub. inch .

.

264.17 gallons.

26.417 gallons.

2.6417 gallons.

1.0567 quarts.

0.845 gill. 0.338 fluid ounce,

0.27 fluid dram.

MEASURES OF SURFACE.

Metric denominations and values.

205 Hectare 10,000 square meters. 206 Are '. 100 square meters. 207 Centare 1 square meter.

Equivalents in denominations in use.

2.471 acres.

119.6 square yards.

1,550 square inches.

Date. Reference.

1866 14 Stat. , 339, 340.

K. S., 3570.
WEIGHTS AND MEASUEES OF THE UNITED STATES. 7

u. s. f

Reference. Date. Provisions. Subject.

14 Stat.,

339, 340. R. S., 3590.

1866

Joint reso- lution of Congress.July -27, 1866.

Res. Xo.

26, 21 Stat., 521. R. S., 3570.

iMar. 3, 1881.

C. 667.

Sec. 1. 26 Stat.,

242. R. S., 3670.

July 11, 1890.

WEIGHTS.

Metric denominations and values.

Names.

Millier or tonneau.

Quintal Myriagram

Kilogram or kilo .

Hectogram

Delsagram Gram

Decigram

Centigram

Milligram

Number of grams.

1,000,000

100, 000

10, 000 1,000

100

10

1

Weight of what quantity

of water at maximum

density.

1 cubic meter

1 hectoliter

10 liters 1 liter 1 deciliter , 10 cubic centimeters

1 cubic centimeter

X5 of a cubic centimeter . 10 cubic millimeters

1 cubic millimeter

Equivalents in denominations in use.

Avoirdupoi.s weight.

2204.6 pounds.

220.46 pounds.

22.040 pounds.

2.2046 pounds.

3.5274 ounces.

0.3527 ounces.

15.432 grains.

1.5432 grains.

0.1543 grain.

0.0154 grain.

Be it resolved by the Senate and House of

Representatives of the United States of America

in Congress assembled, That the Secretary of

the Treasury be, and he is hereby, authorized

and directed to furnish to each State, to be

delivered to the Governor thereof, one set of

standard weights and measures of the Metric

system for the use of the States respectively.

Resolved, by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States in Congress

assembled. That the Secretary of the Treasury

be, and he is hereby, directed to cause a complete set of all the weights and measures adopted

as standards to be delivered to the Grovernor of

each State in the Union, for the use of agricultural colleges in the States, respectively, which

have received a grant of lands from the United

States, and also one set of the same for the use

of the Smithsonian Institution : Provided That

the cost of each set shall not exceed two hundred

dollars, and a sum sufficient to carry out the

provisions of this resolution is hereby appropriated out of any money in the Treasury not

otherwise appropriated.

Hereafter such necessary repairs and adjustments shall be made to the standards furnished

to the several States and Territories as may be

208

209 210

211 212

213 214

215

216

217

218

219

220

221

222

223

224

225

226

227

228

229

230

231

232

233

234

235

236

237

238

239

240

241

242

243

244

Weights.

Standard weights and

measures of the

metric system to

l)c furnished to the

States.

Standard weights

and measures.

For agricultural col- leges.

For the Smithsonian

Institution.

Repair of standard weights and measures.
8

c. s. WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Provisions. Date. ^

Reiilarliifr lost stand- ard weights and

measures.

Metric system re- quired In United

States medleal and

pliarmacal work.

245

246

247

248

249

2.50

251

252

253

254

265

256

257

258

259

260

261

262

263

264

265

266

267

268

269

270

271

272

273

274

275

276

277

278

279

280

281

282

requested by the Governors thereof, and also to

standard weights and measures that have been,

or may hereafter be, supplied to United States

custom-houses and other offices of the United

States, under Act of Congress, when requested

by the Secretary of the Treasury."

The Secretary of the Treasury"' * * * jg * * * authorized and directed to furnish pre - cise copies of standard weights and measures

bearing the seal of the office of construction of

standard weights and measures of the United

States, and accompanied by a suitable certificate,

to any State, Territory, or institution heretofore

furnished with the same, upon application in

writing by the governor in the case of a State or

Territory, or by the official head in the case of

an institution, setting forth that the copies of

standards applied for are to replace similar ones

heretofore furnished, in accordance with law,

by the office of construction of standard weights

and measures of the United States which have

been lost or destroyed: Provided, That the

applicant shall, before the said standards are delivered, first deposit with the Secretary of the

Treasury" the amount of money necessary to

defray all expenses incurred by the office of

construction of standard weights and measures

in furnishing the same, which amount shall be

covered into the Treasury of the United States

to the credit of miscellaneous receipts, as soon

as the weights or measures are delivered for

transportation into the hands of such persons

as are designated by the officers ordering the

same.

Officers shall, for all official, medical, and

pharmacal purposes, make use of the metric

system of weights and measures. In expressing quantities by weight the terms of

1 Now Secretary of Commerce and Labor.

1890

Aug. 18, 1894.

Promul- gated

hy the Prcsid e II t Nov. 21, 1902.

'

' ffram '

'
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATED*. 9

II. S. f

Reference. Date.

Regulations.

Sec. 722, p. 117.

Sec. 723.

Order u p

- proved by Secretary

of War.

1902

Wclglits and

lUeasures. Bulletin ffo. 26.

C. 221.

Sec. 1. 27 Stat.

740.

Apr. 13, 1804.

Provisions.

Approved

by Sec- retary

of the Treasu r y , Apr. 5, 1893.

Mar. 3, 1893.

and "centigram," and in expressing quantity

by measure, the term " cubic -centimeter," only

shall be employed.

In recording thermometric observations, offi- cers shall make use of and refer to the centigrade

scale.

Upon the publication of the new supply table

and receipt of the new forms, all requisitions,

invoices, receipts, and returns pertaining to

medical supplies will be in accordance with the

metric system of weights and measures. After the 30th day of June, 1894, the use of

this system in writing official prescriptions is

desired ; on and after the 1st day of January,

1895, such use is hereby ordered.

Metric measures, weights, and prescription

blanks will soon be issued to all posts without

requisition

Until medical supplies now in stock in troy

and avoirdupois weights are exhausted, the following approximate values may be considered

as equivalent in transferring original packages : 1 ounce = 30 grammes.

1 pound = ^ kilogram.

1 fluid ounces 30 cubic centimeters.

1 pint =500 cubic centimeters.

1 quart = 1 liter.

1 yard = 1 meter.

* =!= * The Office of Weights and Measures, with the approval of the Secretary of the

Treasury, will in the future, regard the International Prototype Metre and Kilogramme as fundamental standards, and the customary units,

the yard and the pound, will be derived therefrom in accordance with the Act of July 28, 1866.

For the purpose of securing uniformity the

following is established as the only standard

283

284

285

28(i

287

288

289

290

291

292

293

294

295

29(!

297

2!)8

2!)i)

300

301

302

303

304

305

306

307

308

309

310

311

31J

313

314

315

316

317

318

319

Subject.

Units of weight and

measure.

Centigrade thermo- metric scale required.

Metric system re- quired in medical work In War De- partment.

Rj luired in all prescriptions.

Yard and pound t(i be derived from meter and kilogram.

Standard gauge for sheet and plate iron and steel.
10

II. s.

WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject. Provisions. Date.

Sheet-metal gauge. 320 gauge for sheet and plate iron and steel in the

321 United States of America, namely:

367

Number of gauge.

Approximate

thick- ness in

fractions

of an

inch.

Approxi- mate

thickness

in decimal

parts of an

Approxithickness in millimeters.

Weight

Tier square

foot in ounces

avoir- dupois.

Weight

per square

in pounds

avoirdupois.

1 Weight Weight

per per

square square

foot in meter

kilo- in kilo- grams, grams.

Weight

per

square meter

in pounds

dupois.

322 0000000 1-2 .5 12.7 320 20. 00 9. 072 97.65 215. 28 323 000000 15-32 . 46875 11.90625 300 18.75 8.505 91.55 201. 82 324 00000 7-16 . 4375 11.1125 280 17.50 7.983 85.44 188. 37 326 0000 13-32 . 40625 10. 31875 260 16. 25 7. 371 79.33 174.91 326 000 3-8 .375 9.525 240 15 6.804 73.24 161. 46 327 00 11-32 . 34375 8. 73125 220 13.75 6. 237 67. 13 148. 00 328 5-16 .3125 7. 9375 200 12.50 5.67 61.03 134. 55 329 1 9-32 . 28125 7. 14375 180 11.25 5. 103 54. 93 121. 09 330 2 17-64 . 265625 6. 746875 170 10. 625 4. 819 51.88 114. 37 331 3 1-4 .25 6.35 160 10. 4.536 48.82 107. 64 332 4 15-64 .234375 5. 953125 150 9. 375 4. 252 45. 77 100.91 333 5 7-32 .21875 5. 55625 140 8.75 3.969 42. 72 94.18 334 6 18-64 . 203125 5. 159375 130 8. 125 3. 685 39. 67 87.45 335 7 3-16 . 1875 4. 7625 120 7.5 3. 402 36.62 80. 72 336 8 11-64 . 171875 4. 365625 110 6. 875 3. 118 33. 57 74.00 337 9 5-32 .15625 3. 96875 100 6. 25 2. 835 30.52 07. 27 338 10 9-64 . 140625 3. 571875 90 5. 625 2. 552 27. 46 60. 55 339 11 1-8 .125 3. 175 80 5 2.268 24.41 53.82 340 12 7-C4 . 109375 2. 778125 70 4. 375 1.984 21. 36 47.09

.341 13 3-32 . 09375 2. 38125 60 3. 75 1.701 18. 31 40.30 342 14 5-^4 . 078125 1. 984375 50 3. 125 1.417 15. 26 33.64 343 15 9-128 . 0703125 1. 7859375 45 2. 8125 1. 276 13.73 30.27 344 16 1-16 .0625 1. 5875 40 2.5 1.134 12. 21 26. 91 345 17 9-160 . 05625 1. 42875 36 2. 25 1.021 10. 99 24. 22 346 18 1-20 .05 1.27 32 2. 9072 9 765 21. 53 347 19 7-160 . 04375 1. 11125 28 1.75 .7938 8.544 18.84 348 20 3-80 .0375 . 9525 24 1.50 .6804 7. 324 16. 15 349 21 11-320 . 034375 . 873125 22 1.375 .6237 6.713 14.80 350 22 1-32 . 03125 . 793750 20 1.25 .567 6.103 13. 46 351 23 9-320 . 028125 . 714375 18 1. 125 . 5103 5.493 12. 11 352 24 1-40 .025 .635 16 1. .4536 4.882 10. 76 353 25 7-320 . 021875 . 555625 14 .875 .3969 4. 272 9. 42 354 26 3-100 . 01875 . 47625 12 .75 .3402 3. 662 8. 07 355 27 11-640 . 0171875 . 4365625 11 .6875 .3119 3.357 7.40 356 28 1-64 . 015625 . 396875 10 .625 .2835 3.052 6.73 357 29 9-640 . 0140625 . 3.571875 9 . 5625 . 2.551 2. 746 6.05 358 30 1-80 . 0125 .3175 8 . 5 . 2268 2.441 5.38 359 31 7-640 . 0109375 . 2778125 7 .4375 .1984 2. 136 4. 71 360 32 13-1280 . 01015625 . 25796875 6i . 40625 .1843 1.983 4.37 361 33 3-320 . 009375 . 238125 6 .375 .1701 1.831 4. 04 362 34 11-1280 . 00859375 .21828125" 5i . 34375 .1559 1.678 3. 70 363 35 5-640 . 0078125 . 1984375 6 .3125 .1417 1.526 3.36 364 36 9-1280 . 00703125 . 17859375 4i . 28125 .1276 1.373 3.03 365 37 17-2560 . 006640625 . 168671875 H . 265625 .1205 1. 297 2. 87 366 38 1-160 . 00625 . 1.5875 4 .25 .1134 1. 221 2.69 And on and after July first, eighteen hundred

368 and ninety three, the same and no other shall

a. 21828. 125 vd. R. S., 3570.

1893
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES. 11

u. s. f

Reference.

B. S., 3570.

€. 221.

Sec. 1. 27 Stat.,

746.

Sec. 2.

Sec. 3.

c. m.

Sec. 2. 28 Stat.,

102. B.S.,3570.

Date. Provisions.

1893

July 12, 1894.

be used in determining duties and taxes levied

by the U. S. of America on sheet and plate iron

and steel. But this act shall not be construed

to increase duties upon any articles which may

be imported.

The Secretary of the Treasury" is authorized

and required to prepare suitable standards in

accordance herewith.

In the practical use and application of the

standard gauge hereby established a variation

of two and one -half per cent either way may be

allowed.

* * * from and after the passage of this

Act the legal units of electrical measure in the

United States shall be as follows

First. The unit of resistance shall be what is

known as the international ohm, which is substantially equal to one thousand million units of

resistance of the centimeter -gram -second system of electro -magnetic units, and represented

by the resistance offered to an unvarying electric

current by a column of mercury at the temperature of melting ice fourteen and four thousand

five hundred and twenty -one ten thousandths

grams in mass, of a constant cross -sectional

and of the length of one hundred and six and

three -tenths centimeters.

Second. The unit of current shall be what is

known as the international ampere, which is

one -tenth of the unit of current of the centimeter-gram-second system of electro -magnetic

units, and is the practical equivalent of the

unvarying current, which, when passed through

a solution of nitrate of silver in water in accord - ance with standard specifications, deposits silver

at the rate of one thousand one hundred and

eighteen millionths of a gram per second.

Third. The unit of electro -motive force shall

be what is known as the international volt,

« Now Secretar}' of Commerce and Labor.

Subject.

369

370

371

372

373

374

37.5

376

377

378

379

880

381

382

383

384

385

386

387

388

389

390

391

392

393

394

395

396

397

398

399

400

401

402

403

404

405

406

407

This gauge to be used

to levy duties.

Preparation of gauge

standards.

Variations allowed In use.

Legal units of elec- trical measure es- tablislied.

Unit of

olini. resistance.

Unit of current, ampere.

Unit of electro-motive

force, volt.
12 WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

U. s.

Subject. Provisions. Date. Reference.

liiituf electro-iuotlve

force, volt.

I iiit of (niaiitity, couloiiih.

I'll it of cnpac^ItY. farad.

I'nit of work, joule.

l iiit of power, w;ilt.

I'nit of iiiiluctioii, henry.

4()s which is the electro -motive force that, steadily on applied to a conductor whose resistance is one

4 JO international ohm, will produce a current of an

+11 international ampere, and is practically equiva-

+1-' lent to" one thousand fourteen hundred and

+13 thirty -fourths of the electro -motive force be-

+1+ tween the poles or electrodes of the voltaic cell

+•'> known as Clark's cell, at a temperature of fifteen

iifi degrees centigrade, and prepared in the manner

+n described in the standard specifications.

+1S Fourth. The unit of quantity shall be what is

+i!> known as the international coulomb, which is

+20 the quantity of electricity transferred by a cur-

+21 rent of one international ampere in one second.

+2i> Fifth. The unit of capacity shall be what is

+23 known as the international farad, which is the

+2+ capacity of a condenser charged to a potential

+25 of one international volt by one international

+26 coulomb of electricity.

+27 Sixth. The unit of work shall be the Joule,

428 which is equal to ten million units of work in

+2!) the centimeter -gram -second system, and which

+30 is practically equivalent to the energy expended

+31 in one second by an international ampere in an

+32 international ohm.

+33 Seventh. The unit of power shall be the Watt,

+3+ which is equal to ten million units of power in

+35 the centimeter -gram -second system, and which

+3C is practically equivalent to the work done at the

+37 rate of one Joule per second.

+3H Eighth. The unit of induction shall be the

+39 henry, which is the induction in a circuit when

++0 the electro -motive force induced in this circuit

++1 is one international volt while the inducing cur-

++2 rent varies at the rate of one Ampere per second.

++3 That it shall be the duty of the National

+* Academy of Sciences to prescribe and publish,

+5 as soon as possible after the passage of this Act,

*« such specifications of details as shall be nec1894 0. 131.

Sec. 2. 28 Stat.,

102. U. S., 3570.

14 3T-
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES. 13

u. s.

Date.

1894

.Inly 2«. 1894.

July 24, 1897.

July 20, 1868.

Provisions.

448

449

450

451

452

453

454

4*>6

457

4.58

459

460

461

462

463

465

466

essary for the practical application of the defini - tions of the ampere and volt hereinbefore given,

and such specifications shall be the standard

specifications herein mentioned."

Preparation, printing, publication, and distribution by the Department of State of the diplo - matic, consular, and other commercial reports,

* * * That all terms of measure, weight, and

money shall be reduced to and expressed in terms

of measure, weight, and coin of the United

States, as well as in the foreign terms ; * * * Buttons or parts of buttons and button molds

or blanks, finished or unfinished, shall pay duty

at the following rates, the line button measure

being one -fortieth of one inch * * *. Timber, hewn, sided or squared (not less

than eight inches square) , and round timber

used for spars or in building wharves, one cent

per cubic foot.

Sawed boards, planks, deals, and other lumber of whitewood, sycamore, and basswood, one +67 dollar per thousand feet board measure ; sawed *68 lumber, not specially provided for in this Act, +«» two dollars per thousand feet board measure;

but when lumber of any sort is planed or finished, in addition to the rates herein provided,

there shall be levied and paid for each side so planed or finished fifty cents per thousand feet

board measure ; and if planed on one side and +'5 tongued and grooved, one dollar and fifty cents +^6 per thousand feet board measure; and in estimating board measure under this schedule no

deduction shall be made on board measure on

account of planing, tonguing and grooving.

Proof -spirit shall be held to be that alcoholic

liquor which contains one -half its volume of

alcohol of a specific gravity of seven thousand

nine hundred and thirty -nine ten -thousandths

(.7939) at sixty degrees Fahrenheit. And for the

«See Bulletin No. 2, Bureau of Standards, for detailed specifications herein provideil for.

470

471

473

480

483

484

Subject.

Specification for prac

tical use of units.

lernis (if welglits,

ni e a s u r p s, a n d money in commercial reports.

Tlie "line, measure

tons.

' a unit of for l)utTimber measure.

Board measure.

Standard

spirits. of proof
14

II. s. WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject.

Prevention of frsiuds.

Standard gallon to be

used In sales.

Standard gallon for use In internal rev- enue.

Standard weight of gallon for certain

oils.

Authorized barrel of proof spirits.

Standard barrel of fermented liquors.

Provisions. Date.

486

487

488

489

490

491

492

493

494

495

496

497

498

499

600

501

502

503

604

505

506

507

508

509

510

511

512

513

514

515

516

517

518

519

520

521

622

523

624

prevention and detection of frauds by distillers

of spirits, the Commissioner of Internal Revenue may prescribe for use such hydrometers,

saccharometers, weighing and gauging instruments, or other means for ascertaining the

quantity, gravity, and producing capacity of

any mash, wort, or beer used, or to be used,

in the production of distilled spirits, and the

strength and quantity of spirits subject to tax, as he may deem necessary ; and he may pre - scribe rules and regulations to secure a uniform

and correct system of inspection, weighing,

marking, and gauging of spirits.

In all sales of spirits a gallon shall be held to

be a gallon of proof -spirit, according to the

standard prescribed in the preceding section,

set forth and declared for the inspection and

gauging of spirits throughout the United States.

That the word ' ' gallon '

' wherever used in

the internal -revenue law relating to beer, lagerbeer, ale, porter, and other similar fermented

liquors, shall be held and taken to mean a winegallon, the liquid measure containing two hundred and thirty -one cubic inches.

Cotton -seed oil, four cents per gallon of seven

and one -half pounds weight.

Flaxseed, linseed, and poppy-seed oil,- raw,

boiled, or oxidized, twenty cents per gallon of

seven and one -half pounds weight.

Every distiller shall make a return of the

number of barrels of spirits distilled by him,

counting forty gallons of proof -spirits to the

barrel, whenever such -return is demanded by

the collector of the district.

By whatever name such liquors may be called, a tax of one dollar for every barrel containing

not more than thirty -one gallons; and at a like

rate for any other quantity or for any fractional

part of a barrel. In estimating and computing

July 20, 1868.

Mar. 1, 1879.

July 24, 1897.

July 20, 1868.

July 13, 1866.
WEIGHTS AND MEASUKES OF THE UNITED STATES. 15

V. s.

ference. Date. Provisions. Subject.

B. S. 3339. July 16, 1866.

C. 201.

Sec. 38. 14 Stat.,

187.

K. S., 2919.

July 18, 1866.

Tariff act. Sec. 223.

Sec. 224.

Sec. 22.5.

Sec. 226.

Sec. 227.

Sec. 228.

July 24, 1897.

such tax, the fractional parts of a barrel shall be

halves, thirds, quarters, sixths, and eighths;

and any fractional part of a barrel containing

less than one- eighth shall be accounted oneeighth; more than one -eighth and not more

than one -sixth, shall be accounted one -sixth;

more than one -sixth, and not more than onefourth, shall be accounted one -fourth; more

than one -fourth and not more than one -third

shall be accounted one -third; more than onethird and not more than one -half, shall be ac- counted one-half; more than one-half, and not

more than one barrel, shall be accounted one

barrel ; more than one barrel, and not more than

sixty -three gallons, shall be accounted two barrels, or a hogshead.

For the purpose of estimating the duties on

importations of grain the number of bushels

shall be ascertained by weight, instead of by

measuring; and sixty pounds of wheat, fifty -six

pounds of corn, fifty -six pounds of rye, forty

eight pounds of barley, thirty -two pounds of

oats, sixty pounds of pease, and forty -two

pounds of buckwheat avoirdupois weight, shall

respectively be estimated bushel.

Barley, thirty cents per bushel of forty -eight

pounds.

Barley -malt, forty -five cents per bushel of

thirty -four pounds.

Barley, pearled, patent, or hulled, two cents

per pound.

Buckwheat, fifteen cents per bushel of forty

eight pounds.

Corn or maize, fifteen cents per bushel of

fifty -six pounds.

Corn meal, twenty cents per bushel of forty

eight pounds.

52.5

526

527

528

529

530

531

532

533

534

535

536

537

538

539

-•40

541

542

543

544

545

546

547

548

549

5.50

551

552

553

554

555

556

557

558

559

560

561

Standard barrel of fermented liquors.

Standard liogsliead.

I (' ar a 1 weight of

bushel for certain products.

Weight of standard

bushel of certain commodities for

levying duties.
16

V. s. WEIGHTS AND MEA8UEES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject.

Standard ireiglits per

liusliel.

Provisions. Date. 1 Reference.

I Hit (f measure for

certiiiii fruit.

Aut!iurized weiarlit of

iiusliel of eoal.

Autliorizeil ton of

coal.

Ton defined.

Hundred>rcielit de

fined.

>Veii!:liini; nnd measur'ni; of coal an<l wood required.

562

563

564

565

5(>6

567

568

569

570

571

572

573

574

.575

5 7 6

577

578

570

580

.)81

582

583

584

585

58(>

587

.>88

589

590

591

592

593

594

595

596

597

598

599

600

Pease, green, in bulk or in barrels, sacks, or

similar packages, and seed pease, forty cents

per bushel of sixty pounds ^ * *

* Potatoes, twenty -five cents per bushel of sixty

pounds.

Seeds: Castor beans or seeds, twenty-five

cents per bushel of fifty pounds; flaxseed or linseed and other oil seeds not specially provided

for in this Act, twenty -five cents per bushel of

fifty -six pounds.

Pineapples, in barrels and other packages, seven cents per cubic foot of the capacity of

barrels or packages ; in bulk, seven dollars per

thousand.

Coal, bituminous, and all coals containing less

than ninety -two per centum of fixed carbon, and

shale, sixty -seven cents per ton of twenty -eight

bushels, eighty pounds to the bushel ; coal slack

or culm, such as will pass through a half -inch

screen, fifteen cents i:>ev ton of twenty -eight

bushels, eighty pounds to the bushel * * *. Wherever the word "ton" is used in this

chapter, in reference to weight, it shall be construed as meaning twenty -hundred -weight, each

hundred -weight being one hundred and twelve

pounds avoirdupois.

It shall not be lawful for any officer or person

in the civil, military, or naval service of the

United States in the District of Columbia to

purchase anthracite or bituminous coal or wood

for the public service except on condition that

the same shall, before delivery, be inspected and

weighed or measured by some competent person, to be appointed by the Head of the Department or chief of the branch of the service for

which the purchase is made from among the

persons authorized to be employed in such Department or branch of the service. The person

appointed under this section shall ascertain thnt

1897

Mar. 2 1861.

Jul} 11. 1870.
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES, 17

V. s.

Reference.

C. 248.

Sec. 1. 16 Stilt.

229.

16. Sec. 20.

1 Stat.. 250.

K. S., 3568.

C. 131.

Sec. !3. 17 Stat.,

426. K. S., 3514.

K. S., 3511.

Date.

1870

Apr. 2, 1792.

Feb. 12, 1873.

Provif^ions.

602

603

604

605

"The

contain 25

each ton of coal weighed by him shall consist eoi of two thousand two hundred and forty pounds,

and that each cord of wood to be so measured

shall be of the standard measure of one hundred

and twenty -eight cubic feet. Each load or parcel of wood or coal weighed and measured by ««« him shall be accompanied by his certificate of «<>' the number of tons or pounds of coal and the

number of cords or parts of cords of wood in

each load or parceL

The money of account of the United States

shall be expressed in dollars or units, dimes or ei--^ tenths, cents or hundredths, and mills or thousandths, a dime being the tenth part of a dollar, a cent the hundredth part of a dollar, a mill the «i thousandth part of a dollar; and all accounts

in the public offices and all proceedings in the

courts shall be kept and had in conformity to

this regulation.

The standard for both gold and silver coins of

the United States shall be such that of one

thousand parts by weight nine hundred shall be

of pure metal and one hundred of alloy. The «28 alloy of the silver coins shall be of copper. The «--^+ alloy of the gold coins shall be of copper, or of 625 copper and silver ; but the silver shall in no case «2« exceed one -tenth of the whole alloy. e-'^ The gold coins of the United States shall be a one -dollar piece," which, at the standard weight «2!) of twenty-five and eight-tenths grains, shall be

the unit of value; a quarter -eagle, or two and

a half dollar piece ; a three -dollar piece ; a half

eagle, or five -dollar piece ; an eagle, or ten -dollar

piece; and a double -eagle, or twenty -dollar «3+ And the standard weight of the gold 635 shall be twenty -five and eight -tenths

of the quarter -eagle, or two and a half 637 dollar piece, sixty -four and a half grains; of «3« coinage of a dollar gold piece was discontinued pursuant to the act of Septemlier 26, 1890;

8 grains per dollar. 19150—05 2

609

610

611

613

614

616

617

618

619

620

621

030

631

632

633

piece,

dollar

grains

Subject.

standard tnii of coal.

Standard curd of wood.

Decimal system es- tablished for tlie coinage.

Standard fineness for

!;old and silver coins.

Standaril weisbts

gold coins.

)ther gold coins
18

V. s.

WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject. Provisions. Date.

standard weights of gold cuius. Feb. 12, 1873.

Standard of Talue. Mar. 14, 1900.

Weight of standard

silver dollar. Feb. 28, 1878.

639 the three-dollar piece, seventy-seven and four6*0 tenths grains; of the half -eagle or five dollar

piece, one hundred and twenty-nine grains; of

642 the eagle, or ten dollar piece, two hundred and

643 fifty-eight grains; of the double-eagle, or

644 twenty -dollar piece, five hundred and sixteen

645 grains.

* * * The dollar consisting of twenty -five

647 and eight-tenths grains of gold nine -tenths fine,

648 as established by section thirty -five hundred and

649 eleven of the Revised Statutes of the United

650 States shall be the standard unit of value, and all

651 forms of money issued or coined by the United

652 States shall be maintained at a parity of value

653 with this standard, and it shall be the duty of

654 the Secretary of the Treasury to maintain such

656 parity.

656 * * * There shall be coined at the several

657 mints of the United States, silver dollars of the

658 weight of four hundred and twelve and a half

659 grains Troy of Standard silver, as provided in

660 the act of January eighteenth, eighteen -hundred

661 and thirty -seven, * *

*

662 The silver coins of the United States shall be

663 a trade -dollar," a half-dollar, or fifty-cent piece,

664 a quarter -dollar, or twenty -five -cent piece, a

665 dime, or ten -cent piece; and the weight of the

666 trade -dollar" shall be four hundred and twenty

667 grains troy; the weight of the half-dollar shall

668 be twelve grams and one -half of a gram; the

669 quarter -dollar and the dime shall be, respec670 tively, one -half and one -fifth of the weight of

671 said half-dollar.

672 The weight of the piece of five cents shall be

673 seventy -seven and sixteen -hundredths grains

674 troy; of the three -cent piece,* thirty grains;

675 and of the one -cent piece, forty -eight grains.

« The laws authorizing the coinage and issue of the trade-dollar were repealed by the act of March 3, 1887, chapter 396. Its legal tender quality had been abolished by the resolution of July 22, 1876. Coinage discontinued by act of September 26, 1890, chapter 945.

Standard weights of subsidiary silver coins.

Feb. 12, 1873.

Standard weight of minor coins.
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES. 19

u. s.

Reference. Date. Provisions. Subject.

Feb. 1-2, 1873.

1878

In adjusting the weights of the gold coins, the

following deviations shall not be exceeded in any 67; single piece: In the double-eagle and eagle, 678 one -half of a grain; in the half -eagle, the 679 three -dollar piece, the quarter -eagle, and the 68o one -dollar piece, one -fourth of a grain. And 68i in weighing a number of pieces together, when 682 delivered by the coiner to the superintendent, ess and by the superintendent to the depositor, the 684 deviation from the "standard weight shall not 68.i exceed one -hundredth of an oimce in five ese thousand dollars, in double -eagles, eagles, half- 687 eagles, or quarter -eagles, in one thousand three- 688 dollar pieces, and in one thousand one -dollar 680 pieces. 69o In adjusting the weight of the silver coins the 69i following deviations shall not be exceeded in 692 any single piece: In the dollar, the half and 693 quarter dollar, and in the dime, one and one- 69* half grains. And in weighing a large number 695 of pieces together, when delivered by the coiner 696 to the superintendent, and by the superintend- 697 ent to the depositor, the deviations from the 698 standard weight shall not exceed two - hundredths 699 of an ounce in one thousand dollars, half -dollars, Joo or quarter -dollars, and one -hundredth of an 'Oi ounce in one thousand dimes.

In adjusting the weight of the minor coins '"s provided by this Title, there shall be no greater ^o* deviation allowed than three grains for the fivecent piece and two grains for the three and 7«6 one -cent pieces.

Any gold coins of the United States, if re- duced in weight by natural abrasion not more

than one -half of one per centum below the

standard weight prescribed by law, after a circulation of twenty years, as shown by the date

of coinage, and at a ratable proportion for any

period less than twenty years, shall be received

707

708

709

710

711

12

13

Deviations from

standard weight

allowed.

tiold coins.

Silver coins.

Minor coins.

Tolerated loss of

weight by abrasion.

714
20

I!. S. WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject.

Tolerated loss of

neigrht by abrasion.

Provisions.

Penalty for altering

weisrhts at mints or

assay offices.

Semiyearly comparison of weights and measures userl in custom-houses.

Determination of weight or quantity

of imports.

Foreign weiarhts and measures to be used

in customs invoices.

715

716

717

718

719

7-20

7-21

722

72.3

724

72o

726

727

728

729

730

731

732

733

73+

73.5

736

7.37

73S

739

740

741

742

743

744

74.5

746

747

748

749

7.50

7.51

7.52

753

754

at their nominal value by the United States

Treasury and its offices, under such regulations

as the Secretary of the Treasury may prescribe

for the protection of the Grovernment against

fraudulent abrasion or other practices.

* * * if any of the weights used at any of

the mints or assay -offices of the United States

shall be defaced, increased, or diminished

through the fault or connivance of any of the

said officers or persons who are employed at the

said mints or assay -offices, with a fraudulent

intent • * * * every such officer or person

who commits any or either of the said offenses

shall be imprisoned at hard labor for a term

not less than one year nor more than ten years,

and shall be lined in a sum not more than ten

thousand dollars.

* * * it shall be the duty of the surveyor

* * * First. To superintend and direct all

inspectors, weighers, measurers, and gangers

within his port. * * * To examine, and from

time to time, and particularly on the first Mondays of January and July in each year, try the

weights, measures and other instruments used

in ascertaining the duties on imports, with

standards to be provided by each collector at

the public expense for that purpose ; and where

disagreements or errors are discovered, to re- port the same to the collector ; and to obey and

execute such directions as he may receive for

correcting the same, agreeably to the standards.

In all cases in which the invoice or entry

does not contain the weight, or quantity, or measure of merchandise, now weighed, or measured, or gauged, the same shall be weighed,

gauged, or measured at the expense of the

owner, agent, or consignee.

All invoices shall be made out in the weights

or measures of the country or place from which

the importation is made, and shall contain a

Date.

1878

Feb. 12, 1873.

(Mar. 2, 1799.)

July 30, 1846. K. S.. 2920.

C. 74. Sec. 4. 9 Stat.. 43.

June 30, 1864.

C. 171.

Sec. 27. 13 Stat.,

217. R. S.. 2837.
WEIGHTS ANB MEASURKS OF THE UNITED STATES. 21

V. a.

RefeVeni'e. Date,

C. 171.

Sec. 27. 13 Stat.

217.

1864

R. S., 2915. Dec. 22.

C. 6. 1870. le Stat.

397.

V. 322.

Sec. 42. 17 Stat..

270. K.S.,4571.

Juno 7, 1H72.

('. 186. .July 20, Sec 40. 1868. 15 Stat.,

141. U.S., 3306.

V. 29. May 18,

Sec. 2. 1796.

1 Stat. , 465. E.S.,2395.

Provisionp. Subject.

true statement of the actual weights or measures of such merchandise, without any respect

to the weights or measures of the United States.

The Secretary of the Treasury shall, by regulation, prescribe, and require that samples from

packages of sugar shall be taken by the proper

officers, in such manner as to ascertain the true

quality of such sugar ; and the weights of sugar

imported in casks of boxes shall be marked distinctly by the custom-house weigher, by scoring

the figures indelibly on each package.

Every master shall keep on board proper

weights and measures for the purpose of determining the quantities of the several provisions

and articles served out, and shall allow the same

to be used at the time of serving out such provisions and articles, in the presence of a witness, whenever any dispute arises about such

quantities, and in default shall, for every offense,

be liable to a penalty of not more than fifty

dollars.

Every person who knowingly uses any false

weights or measures in ascertaining, weighing,

or measuring the quantities of grain, meal, or vegetable materials, molasses, beer, or other

substances to be used for distillation, shall be

fined not less than five hundred dollars nor more

than five thousand dollars, and imprisoned not

less than one year nor more than three yeai3.

Any person who uses any molasses, beer, or other substance, whether fermented on the

premises or elsewhere, for the purpose of producing spirits, before an account of the same is

registered in the proper book provided for that

purpose, shall forfeit and pay the sum of one

thousand dollars for each offense so committed.

The public lands shall be divided by north

and south lines run according to the true meridian, and by others crossing them at right

7.55

756

757

7.58

7.59

760

761

762

7(!3

764

765

766

767

768

769

770

771

772

773

774

775

776

777

778

779

780

781

7H2

783

7S4

7S5

786

787

788

789

790

791

792

793

Original units in in- voice.

Weiglits to appear on

caslis of sugar.

Weights and measures

to lie Itept liy merchant shipmasters.

Penalty.

Using false weights

(ornieasures) in as- certaining materials; penalty.

I'sing unregistered

materials: penalty.

Measurement of puhlic lands.
22

r. s. WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject. Provisions.

Size of township ps- tablished.

Size of legal seftloii of land."

Authorized units for land measurements.

Contents of public

lands.

Mode of measuring

tonnage of ships.

794

795

796

797

798

799

800

801

802

803

804

80.5

806

807

808

809

810

811

812

813

814

81.5

816

817

818

819

820

821

822

823

824

82.5

826

827

828

829

830

831

832

angles, so as to form townships of six miles

square," unless where the line of an Indian res- ervation, or of tracts of land heretofore surveyed

or patented, or the course of navigable rivers,

may render this impracticable ; and in that case

this rule must be departed from no further than

such particular circumstances require.

* * * the township shall be subdivided

into sections, containing, as nearly as may be,

six hundred and forty acres each, by running

through the same, each way, parallel lines at

the end of every two miles; and by making a corner on each of such lines, at the end of every . mile. * *

* * * * All lines shall be plainly marked

upon trees, and measured with chains, containing two perches of sixteen and one -half feet

each, subdivided into twenty -five equal links;

and the chain shall be adjusted to a standard to

be kept for that purpose.

* * * Each section or subdivision of section, the contents whereof have been returned

by the surveyor -general, shall be held and considered as containing the exact quantity ex- pressed in such return; and the half -sections

and quarter -sections, the contents whereof shall

not have been thus returned, shall be held and

considered as containing the one -half or the onefourth part, respectively, of the returned contents of the section of which they may make part.

The registry of every vessel shall express her

length and breadth, together with her depth

and the height under the third or spar deck,

which shall be ascertained in the following

manner: The tonnage -deck, in vessels having

three or more decks to the hull, shall be the

second deck from below ; in all other cases the

upper deck of the hull is to be the tonnage

deck. The length from the fore part of the

Date.

May 18, 1796.

Feb. 11, 1805.

Reference.

C. 29. Sec. 2. 1 Stat., 465. B. S.. 2395.

May 6, 1864.

V. 14. Sec. 2. 2 Stat., 313.

K. S.,2396.

t:. 83. Sec. 2. 13 Stat..

69. K. S., 4150.

"The instructions of the surveyor-general allow for the convergenoy of meridians.
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES. 23

I. s.

Reference.

0. S3. Sec. 2. 18 Stat.,

69.

S., 4150.

. 70. 3 Stat.,

444.

.S., 41.51.

.S., 415.3.

tat. L.,

vol. 4, p.

7!).

. 4. Stat., 79.

Date.

May 6 1864.

Feb. 28,

186.5.

Amended

1882,

1886,

1895.

Jan. 12, 1825. Approved

Provisions.

839

S40

841

842

843

outer planking on the side of the stem to the

after part of the main stern-post of screw- 834 steamers, and to the after part of the rudder- sss post of all other vessels measured on the top of sse the tonnage -deck, shall be accounted the ves- 837 sel's length. The breadth of the broadest part 838 of the outside of the vessel shall be accounted

the vessel's breadth of beam. A measure from

the underside of the tonnage -deck plank, amidships, to the ceiling of the hold (average thickness,) shall be accounted the depth of hold. If

the vessel has a third deck, then the height 844 from the top of the tonnage -deck plank to the 845 under side of the upper -deck plank shall be 840 accounted as the height under the spar-deck. 847 All measurement to be taken in feet and frac- s+s tions of feet ; and all fractions of feet shall be 8+9 expressed in decimals. 85o No part of any vessel shall be required by the 85i preceding section to be measured or registered 852 for tonnage that is used for cabins or state- 8.53 rooms, and constructed entirely above the first 854 deck, which is not a deck to the hull. * * * 855 The register tonnage of every vessel built 8.50 within the United States or owned by a citizen 857 or citizens thereof shall be her entire internal 858 cubical capacity in tons of one hundred cubic

feet each * * *. seo The Secretary of the Treasury may, under 861 the direction of the President, adopt such hy- 8«-' drometer as he may deem best calculated to 863 promote the public interest tor the purpose of »«+ ascertaining the proof of liquors ; and, after such 865 adoption, the duties imposed by law upon dis

tilled spirits shall be collected according to proof se ascertained by any hydrometer so adopted.

806

Subject.

Mode of measuring

tonnage of ships.

PaWs to lie excluded.

Ue^lster ton defined.

Standard

eter. hrdroni868
I

I

j
ALABAMA.

ALA.

Adopted

Fel). Ifi, 18!>7.

r(^vision.<.

There is but one standard of measure of length

and surface, one of weight, and one of capacity,

throughout this state, o^vhich must be in con- formity with the standard of measure of length,

surface, weight and capacity established by

Congress.

All contracts made within this state for any

work to be done, or for anything to be sold and

delivered, must be construed to have been made

according to the standard of weight and measure thus ascertained, unless the parties stipulate

to the contrary.

Any county which has not been furnished

with weights and measures, consisting of one

weight of fifty pounds, one of twenty -five

pounds, one of fourteen pounds, one of seven

pounds, two of four pounds, two of two pounds,

and two of one pound, avoirdupois; one measure of one yard, and one of one foot, cloth

measure ; one measure of half a bushel, one of

one peck, and one of one half peck, dry measure; one measure of one gallon, one of a half

gallon, one of one quart, one of one pint, one of

one -half pint, and one of one gill, wine measure, in conformity with such standard, must be

supplied therewith, by the secretary of state, as early as practicable.

If the weights and measures of any county

are destroyed, without the fault of any official

who by law had charge of the same, the secre- tary of state shall, upon the requisition of the

probate judge, furnish weights and measures to

such county.

11

12

;{(»

31

Subject.

standard.

(N>iitriivt!<.

Staiidiirus counties. furnished

Len);tlls.

Volume.

In case of

tion. destruc25
26 WEIGHTS AND MEASURES Ob' THE UNITED STATES.

ALA.

Subject. Provisions. Date. Reference.

New counties. 34 New counties must be furnished with weights

35 and measures.

1897 Code, 1897.

Sec. 4234.

Expense. 36 For the expense of obtaining such weights

37 and measures, and furnishing the same to coun38 ties, the auditor must, on the account being cer3!> tified by the secretary of state, draw his warrant

*o on the state treasury.

Sec. 4235.

Notice of receipt. 41 The judge of probate of each county, when

*2 furnished with such weights and measures,

43 must, within three weeks thereafter, give notice

44 thereof by advertisement at the court-house

45 door, and at five other pubhc places in the

46 county.

Sec. 4236.

Seal of weights and

measures. 47 Such iudges must try all weights and meas48 ures presented to them, by such standards, and

49 if found to agree with same, must seal them

50 with a seal to be provided at the expense of the

51 county.

Sec. 4237.

Penalty. 52 Three months after the notice prescribed in

53 this chapter has been given, every person sell54 ing any commodity by weight or measure, which

55 does not correspond with such standard , forfeits

56 the sum of ten dollars to any person suing for

5J the same.

Sec. 4238.

Custody nt. 58 The set of balances intended for the adiust59 ment of weights and measures furnished to this

60 state by act of congress, must be kept by the

61 secretary of state.

Sec. 4239.

Weight of bushel of certain commodi- 62 If not otherwise agreed upon, the legal Sec. 4240.

ties. 63 weights per bushel of the following commodi64 ties shall be as follows: Cottonseed, thirty -two

65 pounds; wheat, sixty pounds; shelled corn,

66 fifty-six pounds; corn in the ear, seventy

6J pounds ; corn in the shuck, seventy -five pounds

;

68 peas, sixty pounds ; rye, fifty -six pounds; oats,

69 thirty -two pounds ; barley, fourty- seven pounds

;

70 Irish potatoes, sixty pounds; sweet potatoes.

• 71 fifty-five pounds; beans, sixty pounds; dried

'2 peaches, unpeeled, thirty-three pounds; dried
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES. 27

ALA.

Reference. Date. Provisions. Subject.

€ode, 189J. 1897 peaches, peeled, thirty-eight pounds; dried apples, twenty -four pounds; turnips, fifty -five

pounds ; meal, forty -six pounds ; unbolted meal,

forty -eight pounds.

73

74

75

76

Weight of bushei.

Sec. 3160. When oysters in the shell are bought or sold

by measure, it shall be by box measure, and the

1 1 1 tJdOlll 1X1 Life U LllllJ-Ol 111 111 tolldUt? ClllU. Ul tilt? following dimensions: eighteen inches long,

twelve inches wide and six inches deep, all in77

78

79

80

81

Pleasure of oysters.

side measure ; and four of such measures filled 8-2 Barrel. and rounded, without heaping, shall constitute 83 a barrel. 84
i
ALASKA.

ALASKA.

Reference. Date. Provision^;. Subject.

Carter's

Annotated Alaska

Codes,

1900.

Sec. fi9.

1900 That if any person shall knowingly use any i false weight or measm-e, and shall thereby de- 2 fraud or otherwise injure another, or shall 3 knowingly mark or stamp a false weight or * measure or false tare upon any cask or pack- 5 age, or shall knowingly sell or offer for sale any « cask or package so marked, such person, upon ? conviction thereof, shall be punished by impris- s onment in the county jail not less than one » month nor more than one year, or by fine not i" less than fifty nor more than five hundred n

dollars. 12

I'sln^; false weight

etc.

29

ARIZ.

Reference. Date. Provisions. Subject.

11 e T 1 s e (1 Statutes,

1901. Penal Oode.

Title XIII.

I'. 10. See. 497.

Sec. 498.

1901

Sec. 499.

Sec. 500.

Bashford's Compiled Law s , 1864-1871,

p. 677.

C. LXXXIII.

Sec. 1.

Dec. 14, 1868.

Sec. 2.

Sec. 3.

A false weight or measure is one which does

not conform to the standard established by the

laws of the United States of America.

Every person who uses any weight or measure, knowing it to be false, by which use another

is defrauded or otherwise injured, is guilty of a misdemeanor

Every person who knowingly marks or stamps

false or short weights or measures, or false tare,

on any cask or package, or knowingly sells or

offers for sale any cask or package so marked, is

guilty of a misdemeanor.

In all sales of coal, hay, and other commodities usually sold by the ton or fractional parts

thereof, the seller must give to the purchaser

full weight, at the rate of two thousand pounds

to the ton ; and in all sales of articles which are

sold in commerce by avoirdupois weight, the

seller must give to the purchaser full weight, at

the rate of sixteen ounces to the pound; and

any person violating this section is guilty of a misdemeanor.

That it is hereby established that throughout

this Territory a bushel of corn shall consist of

54 pounds ; a bushel of wheat of 60 pounds ; a bushel of barley of 45 pounds ; a bushel of rye

of 56 pounds ; a bushel of oats of 32 pounds ; a bushel of small white beans of 60 pounds; a bushel of other beans of 55 pounds ; one hun - dred pounds shall constitute one hundred weight

and 2,000 pounds shall constitute one ton.

In all transactions, the foregoing shall be the

standard of weights in this Territory, unless

otherwise especially agreed upon by the parties

interested.

This act shall take effect and be in force from

and after its passage.

9

10

11

12

13

14

lo

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

2G

27

28

29

30

31

32

33

34

35

36

37

False weights.

Penalty.

Stamping casks, etc., falsely.

Full weight of all articles must l)e given.

Standard weight of hnshel.

Hundredweight and

ton.

Special agreements.

Effect.

31

ABR.

Eeference. Date. Provisions. Subject.

Digest by

Sandels k

Hall.

C. CLTI.

Sec. 7385.

1894

Act Feb.

17, 1859.

1894

Act JIar.

i 7, 1885.

19150—05

The set of weights and measures prepared by

the United States under the act of congress ap - proved the fourteenth day of June, A. D. 1836,

and delivered to the governor of the State of

Arkansas, and now deposited in the office of

secretary of state, shall be and the same is hereby declared to be the standard of all weights

and measures used in this state, and the clerk of

the county court of each county in this state

shall procure, as soon as practicable, at the ex- pense of the county, a complete set of weights^

andmeasm'es, which shall conform to said standard, and shall be sealed by the secretary of

state.

The secretary of state shall procure a seal or stamp, with the letters "S. A." upon it, with

which he shall seal all weights and measures

which he shall compare with the said standard

in his office and Jfind to be correct; and such

weights and measures, after being so sealed, shall

be a lawful standard for the county by which

they were procured ; and the secretary of state

shall charge the sum of four dollars for testing

and sealing such weights and measures. The several clerks of the county courts shall

seal all weights and measures that may be pre - sented to them for that purpose which corre- spond with the county standard.

Whenever, in any contract, for the repair or construction of any cistern in this state, the

capacity of which is represented in barrels,

there is no other specification of the holding

capacity of said barrels, the term "barrel" shall —

3

10

11

13

15

16

IS

19

20

24

26

Standards.

Custody.

County officers.

Sets to be furnlshert.

State seallns

County sealiner.

29

30

31

32

33

Standard barrel.

33
34

ARK. WEIGHTS AND MEASUEES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject. Provigions. Date. Eeference.

Barrel.

Legal weight of bushel

of certain comiuodItles.

34 be taken and held, in law, as meaning and intend -

35 ing a holding capacity which is the exact equiv36 alent of the cubical contents of thirty -six times

37 that of the standard gallon measure of the United

38 States, now in use, and kept, as required by law,

39 in the office of the secretary of state of Arkansas.

The legal weight per bushel of

Corn, shelled, shall be fifty -six pounds.

Corn, in ear, husked, seventy pounds.

Corn, in ear, unhusked, seventy -four pounds.

Wheat, sixty pounds.

Oats, thirty-two pounds.

Cotton seed, thirty -three and one -third lbs.

Corn meal, forty-eight pounds

Barley, forty -eight pounds.

Rye, fifty -six pounds.

Potatoes, sixty pounds.

Potatoes, sweet, fifty pounds.

Onions, fifty -seven pounds.

White Beans, sixty pounds.

Peas, sixty pounds.

Flax seed, fifty -six pounds.

Blue grass, seed, fourteen pounds.

Clover seed, sixty pounds.

Timothy seed, sixty pounds.

Millet seed, fifty pounds.

Buck Wheat, fifty -two pounds.

Red Top, fourteen pounds.

Sorghum, fifty pounds.

Green Apples, fifty pounds.

Dried Apples, twenty -four pounds.

Dried Peaches, thirty -three pounds.

Bran, twenty pounds.

Salt, fifty pounds.

Turnips, fifty -seven pounds.

Broom Corn seed, forty-eight pounds.

Johnson Orass, twenty -eight pounds.

1894 Saiidel's H Hairs mgest.

Act Mar. 30,1887

Sec. 7389.

41

42

43

44

4.5

48

49

50

51

52

53

54

58

59

60

61

63

64

65

66

69

70
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES. 85

ABE.

Reference.

Acts of 1901,

pp. 338-9. ActCLXXXIV.

Sec. 1.

Sec. 2.

Sec. 3.

Sec. 1.

Sec. 2.

Date.

May 23, 1901.

Provisions.

Apr. 23, 1903.

The Doyle stick or standard of log measurement be and the same is hereby declared to be

the standard by which all logs bought, sold, cut, or hauled in this state shall be scaled or estimated.

Any person or persons buying, selling, cutting or hauling saw logs within the limits of

this state, who shall use or attempt to use any

combination stick, or any other stick or standard than that mentioned in this section one of

this act for the purpose of scaling, or estimating

the number of feet in such logs sold, bought,

cut or hauled, shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and upon conviction shall be fined in

any sum not less than fifty dollars (50) , nor

more than two hundred dollars (200) for each

offense, to be assessed by the jury trying the

case, and to be collected and appropriated as other public fines, provided that in scaling logs

under this act, the average diameter inside the

bark shall be taken.

All laws and parts of laws in conflict herewith are hereby repealed, and this act shall

take effect and be in force thirty days after its

passage.

Act entitled "An Act to require railroads to

maintain track scales for weighing freight, to

furnish shippers with weights, and for other

purposes," approved February 17, 1903, be

amended to read as follows

That all railroads, operating in this State shall

keep and maintain track or railroad scales for

the purpose of weighing coal shipped in car load

lots, at all stations along their respective lines of

road where as much as one thousand cars of the

same are shipped in carload lots yearly.

At all such stations it shall be the duty of the

railroad company to properly weigh each and

every car after the same shall have been loaded

71

72

76

77

78

79

SO

81

82

83

84

85

86

87

88

89

90

91

92

93

94

9.5

96

97

98

99

100

101

102

103

104

105

106

107

108

Subject.

Log measurement.

Penalty.

Log measurement,

penalty.

Conflicting laws re- pealed.

Track scales for weighing freight.

Scales required.

Cars to be weighed.
36 WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES=

ARK.

Subject. Provisions. Date. Reference.

Certificate of weight.

Penalty for violation

of tliese provisions.

109 and furnish to each shipper by written certifl110 cate of weighman within one day after the same

111 shall have been received by said company, corns rect weight of each car and of the contents of

113 each car delivered to them by the shipper.

Ill The certificate of weight to be given to ship115 pers as provided in section 2 of this Act shall

116 contain, in addition to the correct weight of the

117 car and its contents, the date of delivery and

118 the number of the car.

119 Any railroad in this State failing or refusing

120 to comply with any of the provisions of this Act

121 shall be subject to a penalty of one hundred dol122 lars, to be paid to the County, for every failure

123 or refusal, and each day upon which it may

124 refuse or fail to comply with this Act shall con -

125 stitute a separate offense.

126 That this Act take effect sixty days after its

127 passage.

1908 Act of Apr.

23, 1903.

Sec. 3.

Sec. 4.

Sec. 6.
CALironmA.

OAL.

Reference. Date.

1903

Provisions.

The standard weights and measures now in

charge of the Secretary of State being the same

that were furnished to this state by the government of the United States, and consisting of one

standard yard measure; one set of standard

weights, comprising one troy pound, and nine

avoirdupois weights of one, two, three, four,

five, ten, twenty, twenty -five, and fifty pounds,

respectively; one set of standard troy ounce

weights, divided decimally from ten ounces to

the one ten thousandths of an ounce ; one set of

standard liquid capacity measures, consisting of

one wine gallon of two hundred and thirty -one

cubic inches, one half gallon, one quart, one

pint, and one half pint measure ; and one standard half bushel, containing one thousand and

seventy -five cubic inches and twenty -one hundredths of a cubic inch, according to the inch

hereby adopted as the standard, are the standards of weights and measures throughout the

State.

The standard yard is the unit or standard

measure of length and surface from which all

other measure of extension, whether lineal,

superficial, or solid, are derived and ascertained.

The yard is divided into three equal parts,

called feet, and each foot into twelve equal

parts, called inches ; for measures of cloths and

other commodities commonly sold by the yard,

it may be divided into halves, quarters, eighths,

and sixteenths.

The rod, pole, or perch, contains five and a

half yards, and the mile one thousand seven

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

21

2.5

26

27

28

29

30

31

32

33

Subject.

standards.

Lengths.

Mass.

Volume.

Units of extension.

Division of tlic yard.

Bod.

Mile.

37
38

t'AL. WEIGHTS AND MEASUEES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject. Provisions. .Date.

Chain.

Acre.

I'nits of weleht.

Division of pound.

Unit of liquid measure.

Barrel, hogshead.

luit of measure for

solids.

DiTision

bushel. of half

Division of capacity

for commodities.

41

43

3+ hundred and sixty yards ; the chain for measur35 ing land is twenty -two yards long, and divided

36 into one hundred equal parts, called links.

37 The acre for land measure must be measured

38 horizontally, and contains ten square chains,

39 and is equivalent in area to a rectangle sixteen

i« rods in length and ten in breadth ; six hundred

and forty acres being contained in a square

mile.

The standard avoirdupois and troy weights are the units or standards of weight from which all

+•5 other weights are derived and ascertained.

*6 The avoirdupois pound, which bears to the

+' troy pound the ratio of seven thousand to five

18 thousand seven hundred and sixty, is divided

*9 into sixteen equal parts, called ounces ; the hun50 dred weight consists of one hundred avoirdupois

51 pounds and twenty hundred weight constitute a

5i ton. The troy ounce is equal to the twelfth

53 part of the troy pound.

5* The standard gallon and its parts are the units

55 or standards of measure of capacity for liquids,

from which all other measures of liquids are derived and ascertained.

The barrel is equal to thirtj' -one and a half

59 gallons, and two barrels constitute a hogshead.

60 The standard half bushel is the unit or stand -

61 ard measure of capacity for substances other

62 than liquids, from which all other measures of

63 such substances are derived and ascertained.

6* The peck, half peck, quarter peck, quart, and

65 pint measures for measuring commodities other

66 than liquid are derived from the half bushel by

6< successively dividing that measure by two.

68 The measures of capacity for coal, ashes,

69 marl, manure, Indian corn in the ear, fruit, and

70 roots of every kind, and for all other commodi71 ties commonly sold by heap measure, are the

72 half bushel and its multiples and subdivisions

;

1903

.56

58
WEIGHTS AND MEASUEES OF THE UNITED STATES. 39

CAL.

Date. Provisions.

1903

1903

and the measures used to measure such commodities must be made cylindrical, with plane

and even bottom, and must be of the following

diameters from outside to outside : the bushel,

nineteen and a half inches ; half bushel, fifteen

and a half inches, and a peck, twelve and a third

inches.

All commodities sold by heap measure must

be duly heaped up in the form of a cone ; the

outside of the measure, by which the same are measured, to be the limit of the base of the

cone, and such cone to be as high as the article

will admit.

Contracts made within this State for work to

be done, or for anything to be sold or delivered

by weight or measure, must be construed according to the foregoing standards.

Whenever wheat, rye, Indian corn, barley,

buckwheat, or oats, are sold by the bushel, and

no special agreement as to the weight or measurement is made by the parties, the bushel

consists of sixty pounds of wheat, of fifty -four

pounds of rye, of fifty -two pounds of Indian

corn, of fifty pounds of barley, of forty pounds

of buckwheat, and of thirty -two pounds of oats.

A false weight or measure is one which does

not conform to the standard established by the.

laws of the United States of America.

Every person who uses any weight or meas - ure, knowing it to be false, by which another is

defrauded or otherwise injured, is guilty of a misdemeanor.

Every person who knowingly marks or stamps

false or short weight or measure, or false tare,

on any cask or package so marked is guilty of a misdemeanor. . In all sales of coal, hay, and other commodities, usually sold by the ton or fractional parts

thereof, the seller must give to the purchaser

73

74

75

76

77

78

79

80

81

8-2

83

84

85

86

87

90

91

92

93

94

95

96

97

98

99

100

101

102

103

104

105

106

107

108

109

110

111

Subject.

Construction.

Heap measure.

Construction of contracts.

Weight per bushel.

False weight and

measure defined.

Using false weights

or measures.

Stamping false

weight.

Weight by the ton or pound.
40

CAL. WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OV THE UNITED STATES.

Subject. Provisions. Date.

Full weight required.

Standard of weiglits and measures.

State sealer.

Appointment of

county and city sealers.

Standards

Stamping correct

weiglits and measures.

112

113

114

115

116

117

118

119

120

121

122

123

124

125

126

127

128

129

130

131

132

133

134

135

136

137

138

139

140

141

142

143

144

145

146

147

148

149

150

full weight, at the rate of two thousand pounds

to the ton; and in all sales of articles which

are sold in commerce by avoirdupois weight, the

seller must give to the purchaser full weight, at

the rate of sixteen ounces to the pound; and

any person violating this section is guilty of a misdemeanor.

There shall be one standard of weights and

measures of capacity throughout this State,

which shall be in conformity with the standard

of weights and measures established by law.

The Secretary of State shall be ex officio State

Sealer of Weights and Measures, and he is

hereby required to seal all balances, weights, and

measures to be used as standards by the County

Sealers.

It shall be the duty of the Governor of the

State of California to appoint, whenever so re- quested to do by the Board of Supervisors of

any county, or city and county, a County Sealer

in every county of this State, who shall hold

office for four years from the date of appointment, and it shall be the duty of each and every

County Sealer to procure, at the expense of the

County in which he is appointed, a complete

standard of balances, weights and measures, in

conformity with that established by the laws of

the United States, which, shall consist of a standard balance, a yard, a pound weight, a

liquid gallon, and a half bushel, and the usual

subdivisions of such weights and measures; the

standard to be examined and certified to by the

said State Sealer, who shall procure, at the

expense of the State, a complete standard of

weights and measures in conformity with this

Act. .

. Each County Sealer shall procure a stamp

with the letter "C," and he shall cause the

same to be stamped on all weights and measures

« Act of 1891 declared unconstitutional l)y superior court.

1903

April 6,a 1891.
WEIGHTS AND MEASUKES OF THE UNITED STATES. 41

CAL.

Date. Provisions. Subject.

1891 which he shall have examined and certified to

be correct. Every County Sealer may appoint,

when so authorized by the Board of Supervisors

of any county, or city and county, as many deputies as may be necessary for the faithful and

prompt discharge of the duties of his office.

Such deputies shall hold office during the pleas - ure of the County Sealer, and shall have the

same powers as the County Sealer.

All persons using any weights and measures

or beams, by which any commodity or articles

of trade or traffic is weighed or measured, shall

have the same certified to by the County Sealer

at least once in a year. Any person hereafter

using such weights and measures or beams not

conformable to the standard of the county in

which such weights, measures, or beams are used, or without having such weights, measures,

or beams certified to as aforesaid, shall be guilty

of a misdemeanor, and upon conviction shall be

fined in any sum not less than fifty nor more

than one hundred dollars for each and every

offense; and the person or persons who shall

furnish the information necessary to secure a conviction for violating any of the provisions of

this Act shall be entitled to one -half of the fine

collected, and the officer collecting the same

shall pay it over to such persons, on demand

and one -half of the fine collected shall be paid

to the District Attorney of the county in which

the conviction is had.

It is hereby made the duty of the County

Sealers to report immediately, to the Prosecuting Attorney or District Attorney of the county

for which they may act, all violations of section

five of this Act, whose duty it shall be to prosecute all persons so offendin'g.

The County Sealer shall have the power to

inspect, at any hour in the daytime, all such

Deputies.

Annual certification required.

Penalty for using

false or uncertified

weigiits and measures.

Report of violations.

County sealer may

inspect at any time.
42

CAL. WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE DNITED STATES.

Subject. Provisions. Date.

Penalty.

Schedule of fees.

Expenses of sealer to be paid from fees.

Keeord of testing to be kept.

Deputy State sealer.

190

191

192

193

194

195

196

197

198

199

200

•201

202

203

201

205

206

207

208

209

210

211

212

213

214

215

216

217

218

219

220

221

222

223

224

225

226

227

228

weights and measures and beams, at or in the

places where they are used; and any person

refusing to allow such inspection, upon reasonable request, shall be liable to the penalties of

section five of this Act.

Each County Sealer shall be entitled to re- ceive for his services, from persons using balance

weights and measures mentioned in section

three hereof, the following fees: For sealing

and marking every beam, one dollar; for sealing and marking measures of extension, at the

rate of fifty cents per yard, not to exceed two

dollars for any measure; sealing scales, from

two pounds up to two hundred pounds, seventy

five cents each; from two hundred pounds to

five hundred pounds, inclusive, one dollar and

fifty cents each; five hundred pounds to two

thousand pounds, inclusive, two dollars and fifty

cents each; two thousand to six thousand, five

dollars each ; from six thousand (three ton) to

twenty -five ton, ten dollars each; twenty -five

ton up to one hundred ton, twenty -five dollars

each; for sealing and marking liquid measures,

if the same be of the capacity of one gallon or more, fifty cents; if less than a gallon, twenty

five cents.

Every County Sealer of Weights and Measures shall pay all the expenses incurred in the

discharge of his duties, including salaries of

deputies, from the fees collected by him, and no

charge shall be made by such County Sealer to

any county for such expenses.

The County Sealer shall keep a record of the

names of all firms and persons where, and the

date when, weights and measures and balances

have been officially adjusted, and shall issue to

such persons and firms a certificate therefor.

The Chief Sealer of Weights and Measures of

the State of California shall appoint a practical

1891
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES. 43

CAL.

Date. Provisions. Subject.

1891

Feb. 14, 1872.

scalemaker a Deputy State Sealer, to assist said

State Sealer to establish the different County

Sealers' offices, to adjust annually the balances,

weights and measures in the State of California,

and to complete the office of the Chief Sealer at

the Capitol with all necessary appliances to

carry out the provisions of this Act. Said

deputy may charge to said County Sealers a fee

of one hundred dollars. All such fees shall be

paid into the General Fund of the State Treasury. Said Deputy Sealer shall receive a salary

of one hundred and fifty dollars per month, and

traveling expenses incurred in the performance

of his official duties.

The Secretary of State is hereby authorized

and empowered, and it shall be his duty, to

complete the office of said Chief Sealer, at the

Capitol of this State, with all the necessary appliances to carry out the provisions of this Act.

The salary of said Deputy State Sealer shall be

paid monthly, in the same manner as the salaries of other State officers are paid. The traveling expenses incurred by said Deputy State

Sealer in the discharge of his official duties, as

also the expenses incurred by the Secretary of

State in completing the office of said State

Sealer with all the necessary appliances, shall

be paid out of the Gleneral Fund of the State

Treasury, after being audited and allowed by

the State Board of Examiners.

All Acts and parts of Acts in conflict with

this Act are hereby repealed.

This Act shall take effect from and after its

passage.

Every person who, in putting up in any bag,

bale, box, barrel, or other package, any hops,

cotton, wool, grain, hay, or other goods usually

sold in bags, bales, boxes, barrels or packages

229

230

231

232

233

234

235

236

237

238

239

240

241

242

243

244

245

246

247

248

249

2.50

251

252

253

254

255

256

257

258

2.59

260

261

262

263

264

265

266

Deputy State sealer.

Fee.

Salarfo

Equipment for ofBce of chief sealer.

Repeal,

Effect.

Penalty for putting extraneous substances in pacliages

sold by weiffht to increase tlie weisht.
44 WEIGHTS AND MEASUEES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject. Provisions. Date.

False tare.

State sealers of

iveig:Iits and measures.

(jOunty sealers.

Custody of county

standards.

Copies of the stand- ards to be furnished

to the counties.

Stampiug county

standards.

267

268

260

270

271

272

273

274

276

276

277

278

279

280

281

282

283

284

285

286

287

288

289

290

291

292

293

294

296

296

297

298

2S9

300

301

302

303

304

306

by weight, puts in or conceals therein anything

whatever, for the purpose of increasing the

weight of such bag, bale, box, barrel, or package, with intent thereby to sell the goods therein, or to enable another to sell the same, for an

increased weight, is punished by fine of not less

than twenty -five dollars for each offense.

The State Sealer of Weights and Measures

has the general supervision of the weights and

measures of the State. He must take charge

of the standards, and see that they are kept in

and in no case removed from a fireproof vault

in his office, except for the purpose of comparing and copying. He must correct the standards of the cities and counties, provide them

with the necessary standards, balances, and

other means of adjustment, and as often as once in ten years compare the same with those

in his possession.

The county clerks are ex -officio county seal- ers of weights and measures for their respective

counties.

The county sealers must keep in their offices

the standards of weights and measures for their

respective counties.

Copies of the original standards, to be made

of such materials as the State sealer directs,

must be deposited by him in the offices of the

county sealers of the several counties of this

State, at the expense of the counties, which are

severally responsible for the preservation of the

copies respectively delivered to them.

The State sealer must cause to be impressed

on each of the copies of such original standards

the letter " C," and such other device as he may

direct for the particular county ; which device

must be recorded in the State sealer's office,

and a copy thereof delivered to the respective

county sealers.

1872

1899
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES. 45

CAL.

Eeference. Date. Provisions. Subject.

Political

Code.

Sec. 566.

Sec. 567.

Sec. 351.

1899 The county sealers must compare all weights soe and measures, which are brought to them for so; that purpose, with the copies of the standards sos in their possession, and when the same are 309 found or made to conform to the legal stand- 310 ards, the officer comparing them must seal and

mark them as correct. 312 Each county sealer may receive for his serv- 313 ices the following fees: For sealing and mark- 314 ing every beam, seventy -five cents; for sealing 315 and marking measures of extension, at the rate sie of forty cents per yard, not to exceed one dollar 317 and a half for any one measure ; for sealing and sis marking every weight, twenty -five cents; for 319 sealing and marking liquid and dry measures, 320

if the same are of the capacity of a gallon or 321 more, forty cents; it less than a gallon, twenty 322 cents. 323 The Secretary of State is ex officio State 324 Sealer of Weights and Measures. 325

Testing of local

weights and measures.

Scliedule of fees.

Secretary of State

ex officio State

sealer weights and

measures.

Note. —The act of 1891 is inoperative, having been declared unconstitutiona] by the superior court.

COLORADO.

COIiO.

Reference. | Date. Provisions.

1891 That the weights and measures accepted and

used by the government of the United States at

the present time, except as hereinafter provided,

shall be deemed the lawful standard of weights

and measures of the people of this state.

The ton shall be twenty hundred pounds

weight, avoirdupois.

Sixty pounds of wheat, fifty -six pounds of rye,

fifty -six pounds of Indian corn, seventy pounds

of corn in the ear, forty -eight pounds of barley,

thii'ty-two pounds of oats, sixty pounds of

potatoes, sixty pounds of beans, sixty pounds

of clover seed, forty -five pounds of timothy

seed, forty -four pounds of hemp seed, fifty

two pounds of buckwheat, fourteen pounds of

blue gi-ass seed, fifty pounds of corn meal, fifty

seven pounds of onions, eighty pounds of salt,

eighty pounds of lime, eighty pounds of mineral

coal, respectively, shall be the standard weight

of a bushel of each of the foregoing articles;

and twenty -five hundred cubic inches of charcoal shall be the standard measure of a bushel

and a perch of stone in mason work shall be

considered sixteen and one -half cubic feet; and

for brick work measure, when laid up in wall,

shall be counted twenty -two brick per cubic

foot for foot wall, and fifteen brick for what is

known as eight inch wall ; a common brick to

be eight and one -half inches in length, four and

one -quarter inches in width, and two and three

eighths inches in thickness ; and water sold by

the inch by any individual or corporation shall

be measured as follows, to -wit: Every inch

9

10n

12

1.3

14

1.5

16

17

18

19

•20

•21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

32

subject.

Standard.

Ton.

Weight per bnsliel.

Bashelfor charcoal.

Perch of brickwork.

Inch of water; Irri- gation measure.

47
48

COLO. WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject. Provisions. Date.

Ini li of water.

Water by cubic foot.

Treasurer to procure

standard.

i)ealers to compare

with standard.

34 shall be considered equal to an inch square ori35 fice under a five inch pressure, and a five inch

36 pressure shall be from the top of the orifice of

31 the box put into the banks of the ditch, to the

38 surface of the water; said boxes or any slot

39 or apertm-e through which such water may be

*o measured, shall in all cases be six inches per41 pendicular, inside measurement, except boxes

42 delivering less than twelve inches, which may

43 be square, with or without slides ; all slides for

44 the same shall move horizontally and not other

45 wise and said box put into the banks of ditch

46 shall have a descending grade from the water in

47 ditch of not less than one -eighth of an inch to

48 the foot.

49 The state engineer shall use in all his calcula50 tions, measurements, records and reports, the

51 cubic foot per second as the unit of measure

52 ment of flowing water, and the cubic foot as the

53 unit of measurement of volume.

54 It shall be the duty of the treasurer of this

55 state to procure as soon as possible from the

56 proper department of the federal government,

57 all necessary weights and measures for the use

58 of the state, and as soon as he shall receive

59 them, to give public notice through two or more

60 newspapers for thirty days, to each and every

61 board of county commissioners in the state, to

62 obtain copies or duplicates of said weights and

63 measures.

64 That all venders and traders in goods, wares,

65 and merchandise, gold dust and other articles of

60 traffic shall, within ninety days after the recep07 tion of the standards by said commissioners,

08 have their balances, weights and measures com69 pared with said standards of their respective

70 counties, and approved and marked by the

71 county inspector, and if the same are found to

72 be correct, to be sealed with the name or the

1891
WEIGHTS AND MEASUKES OP THE UNITED STATES. 49

COLO.

Date. Provisions. Subject.

1891 initial letters of the county inscribed thereon, or condemned by him if found incorrect.

That on the first regular meeting of the board

of county commissioners in each county in this

state, after the passage of this chapter, and

thereafter annually, on the first regular monthly

meeting of every year, said county commissioners shall appoint a fit and proper person, who

shall be styled inspector of weights and measures, and shall give bond to the county for the

faithful performance of the duties of his office, as said commissioners may direct.

That each county board shall make out a list

of fees to be charged by said inspector, and

which fees when charged shall be recoverable

in any court, as any other debt or account is

recovered.

That it shall be the duty of each county board,

as aforesaid, to furnish to each inspector all the

necessary tools, marks and brands which he

may require, to be paid for out of the county

funds.

All persons, for the purpose of weighing or measuring goods, wares, merchandise, water or other articles of traffic, actually sold by him,

not in accordance with this chapter, shall be

deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and upon

conviction thereof may be imprisoned not ex- ceeding one year, or fined not exceeding one loi thousand dollars at the discretion of the court i«2 in which the conviction shall be obtained. los If any person shall knowingly have, keep or 104 use any false or fraudulent scales or weights for 105 weighing gold or gold dust or any other article loe or commodity, every such person so offending lo' shall, on conviction, be fined not exceeding five los hundred dollars, or imprisoned in the county

jail not exceeding six months.

19150—05 4

73

74

76

76

77

78

79

80

81

82

83

84

85

87

89

92

93

94

95

96

99

100

Appuintmeut of In- spector.

Fees of Inspector.

Inspector's tools.

Wrongful selling,

penalty.

False weights, penalty.

110
50

COLO. WEIGHTS AND MEASUEES OF THE TJOTTED STATES.

Subject. Provisions. Date.

False TTelehts at mill,

penalty.

Inspector's duty.

Fines paid lutoconnty

treasury.

Ton of coal.

Bushel of coal.

Irrlsation measurements.

Jleasnrlng flumes and

weirs required.

If any person shall knowingly sell by false

weights or measiu'es, or shall knowingly use

false measures at any mill, in taking toll for

grinding corn, wheat, rye or other grain, he

shall be deemed a common cheat, and on conviction shall be fined not less than two hundred

dollars and be imprisoned in the county jail not

exceeding three months.

Whenever it shall come to the knowledge of

the inspector that any person within his county

has violated any of the provisions of this chap - ter, it shall be his duty to enter a complaint

against him before some magistrate having

jurisdiction of the offense thereof, to the end

that the offender may be punished and fined

according to law.

All fines imposed and collected for violation

of the provisions of this chapter shall be paid

into the county treasury for the use of the people of the county in which the offense was

committed.

Where coal is mined by weight, or by the

ton, two thousand pounds shall constitute a ton, or where it is measm^ed by the bushel, eighty

pounds shall constitute one bushel.

Whenever any owner or owners of any irrigation ditch, canal, flume or reservoir in this state,

taking water from any stream shall fail to erect or maintain in good repau% at the point of intake

of such ditch, canal, flume or reservoir a suitable

and proper headgate and measuring flume or

wiers, together with the necessary embankments

therefor, of sufficient height and strength to

control the water at all ordinary stages, with a frame work constructed of timber not less than

fotir inches square, at the bottom sides and gate

or gates of plank not less than two inches in

thickness, then the State Engineer or Superintendent of irrigation shall, upon ten days' preApr. 30, 1901.

Apr. 20, 1901.
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES. 51

COLO.

Date. Provisions. Subject.

1901 vious notice in writing duly sefved upon the

owner or owners of such irrigating ditch, canal,

flume or reservoir, or upon any agent or employe

representing or controlling the same, refuse to

deliver to such owner or owners of such irrigating ditch, canal, flume, or reservoir, any

water from such stream, until such owner or owners shall cause to be erected or repaired the

headgate, headgates or measuring flumes of such

ditch, canal, flume or reservoir.

Whenever the owner or owners of any irrigating ditch, canal or reservoir transferring

water from one public stream to another, or from a reservoir, ditch or flume to a stream, in

order that the same may be diverted therefrom

for irrigation or any other purposes, shall fail

and neglect to construct suitable and proper

measuring flumes or wiers for the proper and

accurate determination of the amount and volume of water turned into, carried through and

diverted out of said public stream , then the State

Engineer or the Superintendent of irrigation

shall, upon five days' previous notice in writing

duly served upon the owner or owners of any

such irrigating ditch, canal or reservoir, or agent

or employe thereof, so transferring water from

one public stream to another, or from any ditch

canal or reservoir to a public stream for conveyance therethrough, refuse to allow to be

taken and diverted therefrom, any water whatever on account of delivery of water thereto, for

such time and until such owner or owners shall cause to be erected or repaired such flumes or wiers at the point of delivery to and taking

from said public stream so used as a conduit.

The State Engineer or [Superintendent of

Irrigation"] shall rate the measuring flumes

and wiers referred to in Sections 1 and 2 of this

act, and shall supply the superintendent of the

« Title changed in 1903 to irrigation division engineer.

150

151

152

153

154

155

156

157

158

169

160

161

162

164

165

166

167

168

169

170

171

172

173

174

175

176

177

178

179

180

181

182

183

184

185

186

187

Penalty.

Failure to construct flumes or weirs.

Rating of flumes and

weirs.
52 WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

COLO.

Subject. ^ Provisions. Date. Reference.

189 division and tlie water commissioner of the dis- 1901 Session

190 trict in which such measuring flumes or wiers are

C. 85.

'

191 located, with a rating table which shall be used

192 by them in measuring water flowing to and from

193 such public stream.

Impounding water. 194 The owners or possessors of reservoirs shall

195 not have the right to impound any water what196 ever in such reservoir during the time that such

191 water is required in ditches for direct irrigation

Sec. 4.

tiauge rod. 198 or for reservoirs holding senior rights. A guage

199 rod shall be permanently fixed and maintained

200 at the outlets of said reservoirs, and if any owner

201 or possessor of any reservoir shall fail or refuse

202 within thirty days after this act goes into effect,

203 to provide fix and maintain such guage rod or

204 rods, as aforesaid, then and in that event, the

205 owner or possessor of such reservoir shall not

206 be entitled to impound any water whatever in

207 said reservoir or reservoirs until the provisions

208 of this section are fully complied with.

Control of headgates and measuring 209 All headgates and measuring wiers used in Sec. 5.

weirs. 210 connection with canals, flumes, ditches and

211 reservoirs for the measuring and delivery of

212 water therefrom and thereto, shall be under the

213 supervision and control at all times of the State

214 Engineer, the [superintendent of irrigation"] of

215 the water division and the water commissioner

216 of the water district wherein such headgate and

2" measuring weirs are located.

Survey of reservoirs. 218 The owner or owners of any reservoir situate

219 upon or in the bed of any natural stream or

•220 through which any natural stream runs, for the

221 purpose of storing water to be diverted at a

222 point further down said stream, shall, at the

223 expense of the owner or owners, cause a com224 plete survey of the contour lines of said reservoir

226 to be made by the State Engineer, and it shall

226 be the duty of the State Engineer to make such

227 survey upon the request of the owner, which

Sec. 6.

« Title changed in 1903 to irrigation division engineer.
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES. 53

COLO.

Reference. Date. Provisions. Subject.

Session

Laws.

C. 85.

1901

Sec. 7.

MIUs's Annotated Statutes. Sec. 2459.

1901

said contour lines shall be ascertained for at

least every vertical foot in depth, and in all cases where deemed necessary by the State Engineer, for fractions of a foot ; and a table to be

prepared showing the number of cubic feet,

capacity of said reservoir for each foot in depth

and fraction thereof ; and a guage rod placed in

said reservoir, marked in correspondence with

said contour line from which the amount of

water stored in, or taken from, said reservoir,

may be ascertained. And, in case of failure so

to do the said State Engineer or [Superintendent

of irrigation"] shall refuse to be allowed to be

taken into, or diverted from said reservoir, any

water whatever: Provided, however, That in

all cases where for any reason said State Engineer may find it impracticable to make said

survey, the said owner or owners of said reser- voir may continue to store and deliver water

upon providing a suitable and proper measuring

flume or weir for the accurate ascertainment

of the amount of water discharged from said

reservoir.

All acts and parts of acts inconsistent herewith are hereby repealed.

The state engineer shall have general supervising control over the public waters of the

state. He shall make or cause to be made careful measurements of the flow of the public

streams of the state from which water is diverted

for any purpose, and compute the discharge of

the same. He shall also collect all necessary

data and information regarding the location,

size, cost and capacity of dams and reservoirs

hereafter to be constructed, and like data regarding the feasibility and economical construction

of reservoirs on eligible sites, of which he may

obtain information, and the useful purpose to

which the water from the same may be put.

« Irrigation division engineer.

228

229

230

231

232

233

234

235

236

237

238

239

240

241

242

243

244

245

246

247

248

249

250

251

252

2.53

254

255

2,56

257

258

2.59

260

261

262

263

264

265

266

Survey of reservoirs.

Repeal.

Measurements of public streams.
54

COIiO. WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject.

Predicting probable

flow.

Provisions.

lleasnrement of ca- nals, dams, and

reservoirs.

Mea s II r e ni e n t of

water.

Ose of water for Irri- gation.

267

268

269

270

271

272

273

274

27.5

276

277

278

279

280

281

282

283

284

285

286

287

288

289

290

291

292

293

294

295

296

297

298

299

300

301

302

303

304

305

He shall also collect all data and information

regarding the snow-fall in the mountains each

season, for the purpose of predicting the probable flow of water in the streams of the state,

and publish the same.

The state engineer shall, on request of any

party interested and on payment of his per diem

charges and reasonable expenses, appoint a deputy to measure, compute and ascertain all

necessary data of any canal, dam, reservoir, or other construction, as required or as may be

desired to establish court decrees or for filing

statements, in compliance with law, in the

county clerk's records.

For the more accurate and convenient measu.rement of any water appropriated pursuant to

any judgment or decree rendered by any court

establishing the claims of priority of any ditch,

canal or reservoir, the owners thereof may be

required by the state engineer to construct and

maintain, under the supervision of the state

engineer, a measuring weir or other device for

measuring the flow of water at the head of such

ditch, canal or reservoir, or as near thereto as practicable. The state engineer shall compute,

and arrange in tabular form the amount of water

that will pass such weir or measuring device at

the different stages thereof, and he shall furnish

a copy of a statement thereof to any water

superintendents or commissioners having control of such ditch, canal or reservoir.

That section 44 of an act entitled "An act

to regulate the use of water for irrigation and

providing for the settling the priority of right

thereto, and for payment of the expenses

thereof, and for payment of all costs and ex- penses incident to said regulation of use," approved February 19, 1879, be amended so as to

read as follows to wit

:

Date.

Approved

Apr. 20, 1901.

Reference.

Mills's Annotated Statutes. Sec. 2459.

Sec. 2462.

Sec. 2466.

Session

Laws, c. 86, pp.

196, 197.

Sec. 1.
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES. 55

COLO.

Eeference. Date. Provisions. Subject.

Session

Laws, ap- proved

Apr. 20, 1901, C. 86.

Sec. 1.

1901

Sec. 2.

Session

Laws, C. 58 , pp.

176-177.

Sec. 1.

Approved

Apr. 9, 1897.

Sec. 2.

Sec. 44. Every person who shall wilfully and

without authority open, close, change or interfere with any headgate of any ditch, or any

water box or measuring device of any water box

for the receiving or delivery of water, after the

headgate of the ditch has been adjusted by and

is in the control of the water commissioner, or

after such water box or measuring device has

been adopted by the ditch officer in charge, shall

be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and on

conviction thereof shall be fined in a sum not

more than $300.00, or imprisoned in the county

jail not exceeding sixty days, or both such fine

and imprisonment, in the discretion of the court.

Any person who shall be found using water

taken through any such headgate, water box or measuring device so unlawfully interfered with,

shall prima facie be deemed guilty of a violation

of this section.

Justices of the peace shall have jurisdiction

to hear, try and determine actions brought for

violations of this act, subject to the right of

appeal as provided for in cases of assault and

battery.

That whenever any person or company shall

divert water from one public stream and turn

it into another public stream, such person or company may take out the same amount of

water again, less a reasonable deduction for

seepage and evaporation, to be determined by

the State Engineer.

Any person or company transferring water

from one public stream to another shall be re- quired to construct and maintain under the

direction of the State Engineer measuring

fiumes or weirs and self -registering devices at

the point where the water leaves its natural

water shed and is turned into another, and also

306

307

308

309

310

311

312

313

311

31.5

316

317

318

319

320

321

322

323

324

325

326

327

328

329

328

329

330

331

332

333

334

335

336

337

338

339

340

341

Tampering with

measuring devices.

Penalty.

Diverting public

streams.

Measuring devices re- quired.
56

COLO. WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject. Provisions. Date.

Record to be kept.

Exchange of ivater in equal amounts.

Measuring devices re- quired.

Kepeal.

Coal mines, clieck weigliman,

To be selected by miners.

Duties of check

ivelgbman.

342

343

344

345

346

847

348

349

350

351

352

353

354

355

356

357

358

359

360

361

362

363

364

365

366

367

368

369

370

371

372

373

374

375

376

377

378

379

at the point where it is finally diverted for use from the public stream.

It shall be the duty of the Water Commissioner of the district in which the water is used

to keep a record of the amount of water so turned into his district from any other district.

When the rights of others are not injured

thereby, it shall be lawful for the owner of a

reservoir to deliver stored water into a ditch

entitled to water or into the public stream to

supply appropriations from said stream, and

take in exchange therefor from the public

stream higher up an equal amount of water,

less a reasonable deduction for loss, if any there

be, to be determined by the state engineer:

Provided, That the person or company desiring

such exchange shall be required to construct

and maintain undei' the direction of the State

Engineer measuring flumes or weirs and self

registering devices at the point where the water

is turned into the stream or ditch taking the

same or as near such point as, is practicable so that the Water Commissioner may readily determine and secure the just and equitable

change of water as herein provided."

All acts and parts of acts inconsistent with

this Act are hereby repealed.

That hereafter in all coal mines in this State,

operated by individuals or corporations, whether

as oM^ners or lessees and working twenty or more miners underground, there may be employed a Check Weighman, who shall be se- lected by the miners employed in said mine and

whose wages shall be paid by the miners therein

employed.

The duties of such Check Weighman shall be

to see that all coal, mined in the coal mine at

which he is employed, is accurately weighed

"See also acts of 1903; also chapter 105.

1897

Approved

Mar. 31, 1897.
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES. 57

COLO.

Reference. Date. Provisions. Subject.

Session

Laws 1897.

C. 37.

Sec. 2.

1897

Sec. 8.

Session

Laws 1901,

0. 91, pp. 236-237.

Sec. 1.

Approved- Apr. 30, 1901.

Sec. 2.

and for that purpose every such aforesaid owner

or lessee shall give to such Weighman, free access to all scales and weights used for that purpose and to all books wherein the weights of

coal mined by the miners in said mines are re- corded.

Any mine owner, operator, manager superintendent or lessee operating any coal mine in

this State who shall refuse to allow any such

Check Weighman to be so employed or shall

refuse such Check Weighman access to such

aforesaid scales, weights or books, shall be

deemed guilty of a misdemeanor and upon conviction thereof shall be fined in the sum of not

less than $25.00 nor more than $500.00.

It shall be the duty of every corporation,

company or persons engaged in the business of

mining and selling coal by weight or measure in

this state to procure and constantly keep on

hand, at the proper place, the necessary scales

and measures and whatever else may be necessary to correctly weigh or measure the coal

mined and taken out by the workmen or miners

of such corporation, company or persons, and it shall be the duty of the Inspector of Weights

and Measures of every county in which coal is

mined and sold to visit each coal mine operated

therein, and, once in each year, unless oftener

requested by the operator or the miner or the

miners, test the correctness of such scales and

measures. If in any county there is no Inspector of Weights and Measures, then the State

Inspector of Mines shall be required to test the

correctness of such scales or measures within a reasonable time after application is made to him

therefor by either the miners or owner or those

who may be operating the mine.

Each car or other apparatus used by any such

corporation, .company or person in removing

380

381

382

383

384

385

386

387

388

389

390

391

392

393

394

895

390

397

398

399

400

401

402

408

404

406

406

407

408

409

410

411

412

418

414

415

416

417

418

Access to scales.

Penalty for hindering check weighman.

Scales and measures

to be provided by mining corporations.

Inspector.

Weighing of cars.
58

COIiO.

WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject. Provisions. Date. Reference.

Marking cars. coal from any mine shall be plainly marked by

420 having distinctly placed upon it a number which

421 shall be kept thereon while such car or appa422 ratus is in use and no two cars or other appara423 tus so used shall bear the same number, and if

424 the coal from such mine is mined and the min425 ers are paid therefor according to weight for

426 mining the same, every such car so used shall

427 be weighed upon such tested scales and the

428 weight of the coal thereof shall be correctly

1901 Session

Laws 1901.

C. 91.

itecord. 429 credited to the person mining it and recorded

430 in a book kept for that purpose and the correct

431 weight shall also be marked upon such car or

432 apparatus before it is returned to the mine for

433 reloading. If the coal of any such mine is

434 mined and the miners thereof are paid for the

435 same by measure, the number of bushels of coal

436 such car or other apj^aratus will hold when

437 loaded to its capacity shall also be plainly

438 marked upon it and kept thereon as long as

439 such car is used, as aforesaid. When coal is

Legal ton of coal. 440 mined by weight or by the ton, two thousand

441 pounds shall constitute a ton, or where it is

Legal bnslielof coal. 442 measured by the bushel, eighty pounds shall

443 constitute one bushel.

Weighing of coal. 444 All coal mined by the ton or by weight shall

445 be weighed in the car or other apparatus in

Sec. 3.

446 which it is removed from the mine before it is

447 screened or before it is passed over or dumped

448 down upon any screen or any other device which

449 may let, or be capable of letting a portion of the

450 coal drop through such screen or device, and it

451 shall be paid for according to the weight so as452 certained at such price per ton as may be agreed

453 upon by such owner or operators and the miner

454 or miners who mine the same. All coal mined

Measure of coal. 455 and paid for by measure shall be paid for per

456 car according to the number of bushels marked

457 upon the car or other apparatus in which it is
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES. 59

COLO.

Reference. Date. Provisions. Subject.

Session

Laws 1901.

C. 91.

See. 4.

Sec. 5.

.Wllls's Annotated Statutes. Sec. 3232.

1901 removed from the mine, and without the coal ^^s thereof being screened or without it being *59 passed over or dumped upon a screen or any *«<> other device which shall let any portion of the *6i coal fall through such screen or device.

A failure to comply with any of the provisions *63 of this act shall be unlawful and deemed a misdemeanor, and any person, agent or owner operating a coal mine in this state who shall be

convicted of a violation of this act shall be fined

for the first offense not less than twenty -five ^^s dollars ($25.00) , nor more than fifty dollars +69 ($50.00) and for the second offense and each

subsequent offense not less than one hundred

dollars ($100.) nor more than two hundred dollars ($200.)

In the opinion of the General Assembly an

emergency exists ; therefore, this act shall take

effect upon and after its passage. *<6 Any person, association or corporation, or the

agent of any person, association or corporation

engaged in the business of milling, sampling,

concentrating, reducing, shipping, or purchas- ^so ing ores, as aforesaid, who shall keep or use any false or fraudulent scales or weights for

weighing ore, or who shall keep or use any false or fraudulent assay scales or weights for ascer- taining the assay value of ore, knowing them

to be false, every person so offending shall be

deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and on conviction thereof shall be fined in a sum not exthan one hundred (100) dollars, or imprison- 490 ment not more than one year, or both, at the 491 discretion of the court. 492

violation of this act.

Penalty.

Act immediately operative.

False weights or

scales.

Note.—See also Session Laws 1903, chap. 126, sees. 1, 2, and 3.

COXXECTICLT.

cosx.

Reference. Date. Provisions. Subject.

a e n e r a 1 Statutes, Bevlslon

1902.

Title 60.

C. 288, p. 1170.

Sec. 4876.

(1846) 1893

1875

1875

The set of weights and measures adopted as standards under the resokition of the congress

of the United States, passed June first, 1836,

and sent to this state, shall be the standards

of weights and measures of this state, and be

kept in the custody of the treasurer, at his

office, and he shall cause to be tried by such

standards all such weights and measures as shall

be presented to him to be tried, and stamp such

as shall be found true with the capital letters

S. C.

The treasurer of each county shall keep and

preserve in good order weights and measures

similar to the standard weights and measures

described in sec. 4876, and which have been

tried by said standards and stamped as in said

section required; and for any neglect to keep

any of said weights or measures shall forfeit

to the county seventeen dollars for every three

months of such neglect, to be recovered by

suit instituted by the state's attorney for such

county; and such treasurer shall cause to be

tried by the county standard all such weights

and measures as shall, according to the provisions of sec. 4878, be presented to him to be

tried, and stamp such as shall be found true

with the capital letter C, and also with the initial letter or letters of the name of the county.

The selectmen of each town shall provide

weights and measures of the various kinds contained in the standard set mentioned in sec. 4876, as standards for such town, the standards

for liquid measure to be of copper, brass, or

10

11

12

13

15

16

IS

19

20

21

23

25

26

28

29

30

31

32

Standards.

County treasurer.

Weights and measures for towns.

Capacity.

61
62

t'ONN. WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject.

Capacity measures.

Duty of sealer.

Pound, ton, etc.

Barrel.

Dry {gallon.

Liquid grallou.

Bushel measurement.

Provisions.

34

36

36

37

38

39

40

41

42

43

44

46

46

47

48

49

50

61

52

53

54

55

56

67

68

69

60

61

62

63

64

65

66

67

68

69

70

71

pewter, and cause them to be tried and stamped

by the county standards, and shall also provide

pint, quart, and two -quart corn measures of

the same proportionate dimensions as the state

standards; and if they fail to provide such

standards, or to keep them in good order, each

negligent selectman shall be fined seven dollars, and after conviction shall incur a like penalty for every two months of neglect to provide

such standards.

The sealer of weights and measures in each

town shall have the custody of its weights and

measures. He shall annually try, by the town

standards, the weights and measures used by

every person in such town; destroy such as cannot be made to correspond with the standard; and stamp such found or made true

with the capital initial letter or letters of the

name of the town.

The avoirdupois pound shall bear to the troy

pound the relation of seven thousand to five

thousand seven hundred and sixty. The hundred weight shall contain one hundred avoirdupois pounds; and the ton twenty hundred

weight. The barrel shall contain thirty -one and one -half gallons; and the hogshead, two

barrels. The dry gallon shall contain two hundred and eighty -two cubic inches; and the

liquid gallon, two hundred and thirty- one cubic

inches.

The bushel in struck measure shall contain

twenty -one hundred and fifty and forty -two

hundredths cubic inches and in heap measure

twenty -five hundred and sixty -four cubic

inches, except that every bushel of charcoal

shall contain twenty -seven hundred and forty

eight cubic inches. When sold by weight the

bushel of charcoal shall weigh twenty pounds

Date.

1875

1800

1827 1896

1827 1896

Reference.

General

Statutes, KeTlsion

1902, p. 1170.

Sec. 4878.

Sec. 4879.

P. ii;i.

Sec. 4880.

Sec. 4881.
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES. 63

OONN.

XVcic I ClUjC. Da tA

General 1827 Statutes, 1895 Berlsiou

1902, p. 1171.

Sec. 4881.

Sec. 4882. 1857 1899

1873-88

Provisions.

when commercially dry 72 ; the barrel of flour, one

hundred and ninety -six pounds; and the barrel of potatoes, one hundred and seventy -two

pounds.

The bushel of wheat shall contain sixty

pounds; of Indian corn, or of rye, fifty -six

pounds; of barley, forty -eight pounds ; of oats,

thirty-two pounds; of rye meal, fifty pounds;

of peas, sixty pounds ; of potatoes, sixty pounds

of apples, forty -eight pounds; of carrots, fifty

pounds; of onions, fifty -two pounds; of clover

seed, sixty pounds; of herdsgrass or timothy

seed, forty -five pounds; of bran and shorts,

twenty pounds; of flaxseed, fifty -five pounds;

of coarse salt, seventy pounds ; of fine salt, fifty

pounds; of lime, seventy pounds; of sweet

potatoes, fifty-four pounds; of beans, sixty

pounds; of dried apples, twenty-five pounds;

of dried peaches, thirty -three pounds; of rough

rice, forty-five pounds; of upland cotton seed,

thirty pounds; of sea island cotton seed, fortyfour pounds; of buckwheat, forty -eight pounds;

of sugar beets, sixty pounds; of mangelwurzel,

sixty pounds; of rutabagas, sixty pounds; of

parsnips, forty-five pounds; of common English turnips, fifty pounds ; of hard coal, eighty

pounds. Every person who shall sell, or offer or expose for sale or exchange, any of the articles enumerated in this section, knowing or having reason to believe that the measurement loi of articles so sold, or offered or exposed for sale 102 or exchange, is less than the measurement re- 103 quired by this section, except in cases where 104 there is a special agreement to sell by some 105 other measurement, shall be fined not more than loe twenty -five dollars. 107 All sales of milk shall be made by wine los measure.

73

74

77

78

79

80

81

82

83

84

86

87

91

94

95

96

97

98

99

100

109

Subject.

Barrel.

Weight of bushel.

Penalty for noncompliance.

Milk.
64 WEIGHTS A^^D MEASUKES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject.

Penalty for usins un- stamped Treights.

Provisions. Date. Reference

.

Cotton thread, qnantltf of, to be desig- nat«d.

Sale of domestic sew- Ins silk by skein.

Babcock mllk-test

bottles tested and

stamped.

Every person who shall, for the purpose of

buying or selling, use any weight or measure

not legally stamped shall forfeit two dollars,

half to the town in which such offense shall be

committed, and half to the sealer of weights

and measures for said town, who shall prosecute for such offense.

Every manufacturer of cotton sewing thread,

and every person engaged in putting up such

thread oh spools, or in packages of one pound

weight or less, intended for sale, shall, before

the same is offered for sale, affix to, or impress

upon, each spool or package, a label or stamp

designating its weight or length in yards . Every

such manufacturer, or person engaged as aforesaid, who shall neglect to affix to, or impress

upon, each spool or package such a label or stamp, or shall, with intent to deceive, affix to, or impress upon, or suffer to be affixed to, or impressed upon, any such spool or package,

a label or stamp specifying that it contains a

gTeater number of yards, or a greater quantity

of thread by five per cent, than it does contain,

shall be fined five dollars for each of such

spools or packages ; and every trader who shall

offer for sale such thread, knowing or having

reason to believe that it is falsely labeled or stamped as regards length or quality, shall be

subject to the same fine.

Every person who shall sell, or offer for sale,

by the skein, any sewing silk manufactured in

this country, unless each skein shall consist of

twenty threads, each two yards long, shall be

fined seven dollars.

Xo person or corporation buying milk or cream and making payments therefor based on

the results of the Babcock test shall use any

bottle or pipette for the pm'pose of determining

1800

1888

1869-88

General

Statutes, BerlsloD

1902. p. 1171.

Sec. 4884.

P. 1172.

Sec. 4885.

1813

1888

1901

Sec. 4886.

Sec. 4887.
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES. 65

CONN.

Eeference. Date. Provisions. Subject.

General

Statutes, Eevlsion 1901, p. 1170.

Sec. 4887.

Sec. 4888.

1901

1881-88

the relative or proportional amount of butter i^s fat of any milk or cream, unless such bottle or 1*9 pipette shall have been tested and stamped as i^o accurate by the Connecticut agricultural ex- isi periment station or by the Connecticut agri- 152 cultural college. Every person or corporation 153 that shall use any bottle or pipette for the pur- 154 pose named in this section, unless the same is

stamped as herein prescribed, shall forfeit to i^e the use of the state the sum of five dollars for 157 each bottle or pipette so used. The State's i58 attorneys in the several counties shall collect 159 forfeitures under this section. i^o The standard of time for the seventy -fifth lei meridian west from Greenwich shall be the lea standard of time for this state. les

Testing milk bottles

iind pipettes.

Standard of time.

19150—05 5

DELAWARE.

DEL.

Reference. Date. Provisions.

1893

See. 2.

The standard weights and measures of the

United States, now deposited in the secretary's

office at Dover, are the true and legal standards

for this state ; and the duplicates thereof, deposited with the several prothonotaries, are true

duplicate standards by which all weights and

measures, used within this state, shall be tried

and regulated.

A regulator of weights and measures for each

county, shall be appointed by the governor, for

the term of four years. The said regulator shall

be sworn, or affirmed to perform the duties of

his office faithfully and impartially. He shall

within thirty days, from his appointment, give

bond to the state, with sufficient surety, to be

approved by the governor, in the sum of one

thousand dollars, conditioned for the faithful

performance of the duties of his office ; and if

such bond be not filed in the secretaries office

within the time aforesaid, his commission shall

be void.

He shall next year, and every second year

thereafter in the months of September and

October, appoint a time in three of the most

public places in each hundred of his county for

regulating by and with the duplicate standards

aforesaid, without charge, any weights and

measures, scales, balances, or other weighing

apparatus, that may be brought to him; and

shall stamp the same plainly with the letter S,

and the initial of his county. He shall give

twenty days' notice of these appointments by

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

32

Subject.

Standard.

County regulators.

Term and oath.

Bond.

Time for regulating weights and measures.

Duties of regulator.

67
68 WEIGHTS AKD MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

DEI.

Subject. ! Provisions. Date. Reference.

Begnlation of weights and measures.

{ 33 five advertisements in the hundreds respect

34 ively. He shall in like manner at all other

35 times, regulate such weights, and 'measures,

36 scales, or balances, as may be brought to him,

37 or of which he may have knowledge. And he

38 shall diligently inquire for all unstamped weights

39 and measures, scales and balances, which are w used within the county for buying or selling.

1893 B e T i s e d Code, I'. LXTI.

Sec. 3.

Compensation. *i The regulators shall be paid for their services

4-' annually, one hundred and seventy -five dollars

43 in New Castle county, one hundred and fifty

44 dollars in Sussex county, and one hundred and

45 twenty -five dollars in Kent county, to be allowed

46 by the levy court of the respective counties, and

4T paid as other county charges.

Sec. 4.

Penalty for using weights not 48 If any person shall buy, sell, or barter, by any Sec. 5. stamped.

49 weight, or measure, scale, balance, or other

50 weighing apparatus, that has- not been duly

51 regulated and stamped, or if any person shall

52 make, or use, a false stamp, or brand, for stamp

53 ing weights and measures, he shall forfeit and

54 pay five dollars, to any one who will sue for the

55 same.

Care of the duplicate standards. 56 Each regulator of weights and measures shall,

57 preserve and keep, in good order, the duplicate

58 standards belonging to the county, and the bal59 ance furnished him for regulating weights ; and

60 Tip sball attend with said dunlicate standards

61 at the office of the Secretary of State, when re62 quired by him, in writing, so to do, for the pur63 pose of having them regulated by the originals.

Sec. 6.

Begnlatlon of weights and measures in 64 That the regulator of weights and measures

Apr. 5, 1883. Laws of Del- aware, t'. >ewcastle County. 65 in and for New Castle county, shall, once in

66 every year, advertise in at least two newspapers

67 in the county, one of each political party, the

68 place where his office is located. He shall also

69 once in every year go to all the stores, offices,

70 booths, stalls or other places of business in his

71 county (except the public market and market

144, vol. 17. Sec. 1.
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES. 69

Date. Provisions. Subject.

1885 houses in the city of Wilmington) where any 72 beams, scales, weights and measures are used

for the purpose of buying and selling any goods,

chattels or other things, and test and adjust or cause to be tested and adjusted (if possible) all

such beams, scales, weights and measures, and

stamp the same plainly with the letter S and

the initial of his county and the current year.

He shall also in like manner, at all other times,

test and adjust such beams, scales, weights and

measures as may be brought to him for that

purpose.

For which trial and adjustment the said regulator for New Castle county, in addition to the

salary already allowed by law, shall demand and

receive from the proprietors or owners of all

such weights, and beams, and scales, and measures, the following fees, to wit : for the trial and

balancing of every set of scales, eight cents ; for

every patent balance, fifteen cents; for every

set of coal or hay scales, one dollar each; for

every set of platform scales which draws five

hundred pounds or under, fifty cents, and an

additional sum of five cents for every one hun - dred pounds not exceeding two thousand pounds,

and any platform scale drawing over two thousand pounds shall be classed as coal or hay

scales; for every yard measure, two cents; for

every bushel measure, ten cents ; for every half

bushel measure, seven cents; for every peck loi and half -peck measure, five cents; for every 102 quarter peck measure, three cents; for every 103 gallon, half-gallon, and quart measure, three io4 cents each; for every pint measure, or less, 105 two cents; for every weight of twenty -eight loe pounds or more, eight cents; for every weight lo' less than twenty -eight pounds, two cents, and

an additional charge or fee for labor or mate- 109 rials furnished for adjusting said beams, scales, "o

73

74

75

76

77

78

79

80

81

82

85

86

87

88

90

91

92

93

94

95

90

97

98

99

100

Testing.

Stamplnr.

Fees for trying and

adjusting weights and measures.
70

DEL.

"WEIGHTS AKD MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Provisions. Date.

False weights and

measures.

weights and measures to be fixed by agreement

between the regulator and the owner or user

thereof; provided, always, that the said regulator shall only be entitled to one -half of the

above fees for stamping such beams, scales,

weights and measures as he shall find to be correct after testing the same. The said regulator

may collect by suit, before any justice of the

peace, all fees prescribed by this section from

the proprietors or owners of such scales, beams,

weights or measures, which he has adjusted.

The said regulator of weights and measures

of New Castle County is hereby required to

stamp, or cause to be stamped, with the word

"C'M'D," all false beams, scales, weights and

measures, as he may find within the county

that cannot be well adjusted, and shall be paid

one -half of the fee for such test and stamping,

as is provided for in this act in other cases, and

all the provisions of this act relating to the

inspection of beams, scales, weights and measures used for the purpose of buying or selling,

shall also extend to all such beams, scales,

weights and measures as are or may be used

for ascertaining weights and measures the purpose of charging for freight, tannage, transportation, commission and all other charges,

when such charges are regulated by weight or measure.

In case any user or owner of such beams,

scales, weights and measures, within the county of New Castle, in this State, shall refuse or neglect to comply with any of the requisitions

which the said regulator is by this act authorized or directed to make; or shall knowingly

sell or buy any false beams, scales, weights, or measure; or shall purposely alter any beam,

scale, weight, or measure, so that the capacity

is diminished or increased after the same shall

1885
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES. 71

DEL.

Date. Provisions. Subject.

1885 have been adjusted and stamped; or shall, in

buying or selling, knowingly use any beam,

scale, weight, or measure, so altered, or shall

purposely alter, any beam, scale, weight or measure so as to impair the adjustment thereof

after the same shall have been adjusted and

stamped; or shall knowingly have in his possession any beam, scale, weight or measure so altered as aforesaid; or shall knowingly buy,

sell, use, or barter by any beam, scale, weight

or measure, or other weighing or measuring

apparatus that has not been duly adjusted and

stamped as aforesaid ; or shall knowingly make,

use or have in possession any false stamp or brand for stamping any beams, scales, weights,

or measures, he or they shall be guilty of a misdemeanor and be liable to indictment, and

upon conviction thereof shall be fined not less

than five nor more than fifty dollars, and shall

pay the costs of prosecution. And all fines

recovered for any offence under this act shall

be for the use of the county, and be paid by the

officers receiving the same to the Treasurer of

New Castle County. Provided, however, that

no owner or user of beams, scales, weights and

measures, as aforesaid, shall incur any of the

liabilities and penalties prescribed by this act

until after the regulator has called at his or

their store, office, booth, stall, or place of business, for the purpose of testing or adjusting the

same.

That all beams, scales, weights and measures

tested, adjusted and stamped under the provisions of this act, which shall be used in the

public markets and market houses of any city or incorporated town in said county, shall be

liable to be tested and adjusted by the Regulator of Weights and Measures of such city or town, but no fee shall be charged therefor;

Penalty.

Disposition of fines.

Weights In public

mjirjcets.
72 WEIGHTS AITD MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES,

DEL.

Subject. Provisions. Date. Reference.

Fees. 189 provided, however, that if, upon such testing

190 and adjustment, such beams, scales, weights or

191 measures shall be found to be false, the person

192 or persons in whose possession the same shall

193 be found shall, in addition to the fees prescribed

194 UyiWT Slf^P"!"! kJCOLlUll r^Ti O^ At "fniQ iioi' ir\f^\T "tck "tlnc^ c^cmifnirw rk'f \JJL l/llXo CtOl/^ ir y t-LLt! XVv?^ LlldLL/JL KjL

196 Weights and Measures of such city or town the

196 fees allowed to such regulator for like services

197 under the ordinances and regulations of said

198 city or town.

1886 Laws of Del- aware, C. 144, TOl. 17. Sec. 4.

Administering oaths. 199 That the said Regulator of Weights and Meas200 ures is hereby authorized and empowered to

201 administer an oath or affirmation to any or all

^"^ piopiieiois oi owiieis oi any oeams, scaies,

203 weights or measures, named in this act, to

204 ascertain whether they are used for the purpose

206 of buying or selling, as is contemplated by this ac t

.

Sec. 6.

Standard bnshel for charcoal. 207 That the standard measure of charcoal in this

208 state shall be two thousand seven hundred and

209 forty -eight cubic inches for each and every

210 bushel thereof, and when sold by weight, a

Mar. 17, 1886. Laws of Del- aware, C. 662, TOl. 17.

Sec. 1.

Standard measure by weight of charcoal. 212 dry)

.

213 That this act shall take effect from its pas21* sage, and all acts or parts of acts inconsistent

215 herewith are hereby repealed.

Sec. 2.

Care of State standards. 216 The Secretary of State is required to keep in

21' good order the standard weights and measures,

218 together with the balances for adjusting dupli219 cate standards, now deposited in his office. He

220 shall, on the first day of May 1852, and on the

221 same day of every fifth year thereafter, try and

222 prove the duplicate standards of weights and

223 TYl llltJdoLll Afl Qn VOGCO a1 ATI 0*1 Tl (T LU "f r* A C!£iA7CiT*Q 1 All Tl 'f'l iiG \wT tULt; ot? V t?l di KjKj Llll Llt/o^ U V

224 and with the originals in his office; and shall

226 caus§ them to be made uniform and correct.

226 He shall make an entry of the performance of

227 this duty in the executive register.

1893 -Code, C. 28.

Sec. 17.
WEIGHTS AND MEASUEES OF THE UNITED STATES. 73

DEL.

Date. Provisions. Subject.

1893 The prothonotary shall preserve and keep in

good order the duplicate standards of weights

and measures deposited in his office; but he

shall allow the commissioner of weights and

measures of his county free access to, and use

of, the said duplicates, and the occasional cus- tody of them, as may be required for the discharge of his duties.

When wheat, or Indian corn, is sold by the

bushel, and there is no special agreement as to

the measurement, or weight thereof, the bushel

shall consist of sixty pounds of wheat, and

fifty -six pounds of corn. All casks for the exportation of breadstuffs, shall be made of good seasoned materials, well

hooped and nailed, and shall be of the following sizes, viz: No. 1, 27 inches long, 16J inches

diameter at the head, and to contain 196

pounds; No. 2, 22| inches long, 12J inches

diameter, and to contain 98 pounds ; and if any

person shall export from New Castle County to

any foreign port, or place, beyond the United

States, or shall sell for such exportation any

wheat flour, rye flour, or middlings of wheat,

packed in casks made of unseasoned materials, or of other dimensions, or of less weight per

cask, than these respectively, he shall forfeit

and pay to the flour inspector forty cents per

cask, and shall have remedy over for damages

against the miller, or cooper, who furnished the

same.

Indian corn meal, made from corn sufficiently

kiln -dried, shall be packed for exportation from

New Castle County, or from Middleford, or Seaford in Sussex county, to any foreign port, or any port in the United States where there

are no inspection laws, in strong 'tight hogsheads, made of good seasoned white, or red oak,

well hooped and secured—the staves forty -one

228

229

2.30

231

232

233

234

23.5

236

237

238

239

240

241

242

243

244

245

246

247

248

249

260

251

252

253

254

255

256

257

258

259

260

261

262

263

264

265

Custody of duplicate standards.

The bushel.

Regulation and size of casks for exportation.

Packages of meal.
74

DEL.

WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject. Provisions. Date.

Packages of meal.

Brands to be used.

Flour.

Inspector's oath.

Breadstnff to be In- spected.

267

268

269

270

271

272

273

274

275

276

279

280

281

282

283

284

285

286

287

288

289

290

291

292

293

294

295

296

297

298

299

300

301

302

303

304

305

inches long, twenty -seven inches diameter at

the head and to contain 800 pounds net, or in

casks twenty -six inches long, 16J inches diameter and to contain 196 pounds, or in half barrels

22 inches long, 12J inches diameter, and to contain 98 pounds, under the same penalty herein

provided for flour; except that wheat flour, or kiln -dried Indian corn meal, may be exported

in sacks, or packages, if inspected and passed,

and the same fees paid for inspection as in

proportion for barrels.

Each miller shall brand, or mark, with his

own name, or some name by which it may be

distinguished as his, every cask or hogshead, of

breadstuff manufactured by him (for exportation) , and mark the kind and quality, and weight,

tare and net, under penalty of twenty cents for

each cask, or hogshead, not branded, to anyone

who will sue for the same ; and if any person

shall mark a false weight, or wrong tare, to the

disadvantage of the purchaser, he shall forfeit

and pay to the inspector one dollar for each

cask, or hogshead, so falsely branded.

All wheat flour, manufactured for sale, or exportation, shall be merchantable, and of due

fineness, without mixture.

The Governor shall appoint a flour inspector,

who shall reside in the city of Wilmington, and

another who shall reside in or near Middleford,

or Seaford, who shall appoint the necessary

deputies. Each inspector, or deputy, shall be

duly sworn, or affirmed, and shall hold office for

four years.

No person shall ship, or load, for exportation

from New Castle County to any foreign port, or

to any port in the United States where there are no inspection laws, any superfine, or common

flour, or middlings, or any rye flour, or Indian

corn meal, before the same is duly inspected.

1893
WEIGHTS AND MEASUEES OF THE UNITED STATES. 75

DKL.

Date. Provisions.

1893 The inspector shall try the packing and quality, by boring and piercing; or if necessary, by

unpacking. If, on unpacking, the quantity be

found insufficient, the miller shall pay all charges

of packing and repacking, besides the penalty

aforesaid; otherwise the inspector shall pay

such charges, or the purchaser, if done at his

request.

If the flour be "superfine," he shall stamp

the plug with the letters " S. D. ;" if inferior to

superfine, but good merchantable common flour,

he shall scratch and erase the superfine brand,

and stamp the plug with the letters " C . D.

;

if below that quality, he shall condemn the same

as unfit for exportation, and shall mark it with

a circle and cross in red chalk. "Middlings,"

'

' fine rye flour, " " rye flour,

'

' and '' kiln - dried corn meal," shall be in like manner inspected

and marked, or condemned, and scratched, ac- cording to the quality thereof.

The fee for inspection shall be one cent for

each cask, or barrel, and three cents for each

hogshead, to be paid by the person exporting, or intending to export the same, whether approved

or condemned.

In case of dispute concerning inspection, any

judge of the State shall, on application, appoint

three proper triers to examine such breadstuff

and report to him its quality and condition ; and

their report shall be final. If their report sustain the inspector, the other party shall pay the

triers fifty cents each; if otherwise, the inspector shall pay them and shall pass the breadstuffs inspected, as merchantable.

The inspector or his deputy, shall, when re- quired, go on board any vessel within ten miles

of Wilmington, New Castle, or Port Penn,

Middleford, or Seaford, to inspect more than

306

307

308

309

310

311

312

313

314

315

316

317

318

319

320

321

322

323

324

325

326

327

328

329

330

331

332

333

334

335

336

337

338

339

340

341

342

343

Subject.

Manner of Inspection.

Stamping grades of

flour.

Triers.

Inspection on slilp* board.
76 WEIGHTS AND MEASUBES OF THE UNITED STATES.

DEL.

Subject. Provisions. Date. Reference.

Inspector iimy iiot deal.

False lirandlng.

Penalty.

Forfeiture of un- marked mixed

flour.

Inspection of flour and meal.

'i** fifty casks under penalty of forfeiting thirty

dollars to any one who will sue for the same.

3*6 No such inspector, or deputy, shall deal in any

3*7 flour by buying, selling, or bartering the same,

3*8 other than superfine fiour under penalty of for3*9 feiting one hundred dollars.

350 If any person shall falsely brand any bread

351 stuff, after inspection, with design to evade the

352 inspection, or shall, knowingly and fraudulently,

353 ship the same with said false brand, he shall

354 forfeit and pay one hundred dollars ; and every

355 cask, or hogshead, so falsely and fraudulently

356 branded, shall be forfeited to the State, and

357 may be seized by the inspector, or deputy, one358 half to his own use; and if any person shall

359 brand, or make the mark of superfine, common,

360 or middlings, on any cask of flour after it shall

361 have been taken from the mills and before it

362 shall have been inspected and allowed as such

363 by the inspector, such person shall forfeit and

36* pay twenty cents to any person who will sue for

365 the same.

366 If any flour, branded "superfine," or "com367 mon" shall be found, on inspection, to contain

368 corn meal, or other mixture and adulteration, it

369 shall be forfeited to the State, and may be seized

370 as aforesaid, one half to the inspector's use.

371 In case of any seizure, he shall sell the same,

372 after ten days' notice in one or more news373 papers of the State, at public vendue; and shall

37* pay over one -half the proceeds to the State

375 Treasurer within thirty days thereafter.

376 (That all superfine or common flour, mid377 dlings, rye flour, and Indian corn meal, offered

378 "^"^ TAT* JlKJI Qfl 1 P n Tl n QA1 A l A1* Or\T\ Gil TYl T^'fl AVI ITl "fnO /^Tf^T A"P octit? ctllU. bUin lUl CUllfeUili [J LlUli. Jill tilt? Ol L V UJL 379 Wilmington shall be first duly inspected, and

380 any person violating the provisions of this act,

381 shall pay to the flour inspector of the city of

382 Wilmington, for the use of the State, the sum

1893 Revised

Statutes.

C. LXVII.

Sec. 9.

Sec. 10.

Sec. 11.
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES. 77

DEL.

Reference. Date. Provisions. Subject.

Revised

Statutes.

C. LXTII.

Sec. 11.

B e T I s e d Statutes,

C. 154, vol. 13. Sec. 1.

LaiTS of Del- aware,TOl. 19.0.697.

Sec. 2.

Mar. 19, 1867.

1893

of five cents for each barrel, and ten cents for sss each hogshead of corn meal, middlings, or rye 384 flour, so sold without inspection, to be recovered ss^ as like amounts are by the laws of this State sse recoverable.) 387 That whenever Indian corn meal shall be sold 388 by the bushel, and no special agreement as to 389 the measurement or weight thereof shall be 390 made by the parties, the bushel if sifted, shall 391 consist of 44 pounds, and if unsifted, the bushel 392 shall consist of 48 pounds. 393 A perch of stone shall contain, when meas- 394 ured in the wall, twenty -four and three- 395 quarters cubic feet ; when measured in square 396 piles on the ground twenty -seven cubic feet. 397 When measured in boats, thirty cubic feet. 398 When measured in cars, thirty -one and one- 399 half cubic feet. All stone to be measured in +00 the wall when practicable. Any mason work 401 contracted for, in which the contractor agrees 402 to furnish both materials and labor at a stated *03 sum per perch, shall be measured and computed 40+ according to the following rules governing the +05 measurement of mason work, i. e., mason meas- ^oe urement shall be the basis of settlement.

Penalty for failure.

An act to reeulate tlie selling: of Indian

meal.

Perch of stone.

Note. —See also act of April 17, 1893, prescribing units of measurement in various trades.

DISTRICT or COLU]MBIA.

D. C.

Date. Provisions. Subject.

3Iar. 2, 1895. From and after the passage of this Act the

sealer of weights and measures shall receive a

salary of two thousand five hundred dollars per

annum in lieu of fees. Such officer shall be

appointed by, and shall be under the direction

and control of, the Commissioners of the District of Columbia. He shall have the custody

and control of such standard weights and meas - ures of the United States as now are, or as shall

hereafter be, provided by the District of Columbia, which shall be the only standards for

weights and measures in said District.

That the sealer of weights and naeasures shall

give bond to the United States in the penalty of

five thousand dollars, with two siu'eties, or with

the guarantee of a com|)any incorporated under

the laws of the District of Columbia, to be

approved by the Commissioners, conditioned on

the faithful discharge of the duties of his office,

and shall take and subscribe an oath or affirmation before the Commissioners that he will

faithfully and impartially discharge the duties

of his office, which bond or guarantee and oath

shall be deposited with the Commissioners of

the District of Columbia.

That the Commissioners of the District of

Columbia, on the recommendation of the sealer

of weights and measm'es, be, and they are hereby, authorized to appoint one assistant

sealer of weights and measures, at a salary of

twelve hundred dollars per annum. The said

Commissioners shall appoint such additional

employees as may be, in the judgment of the

Commissioners of the District of Columbia,

3

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

1-2

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

32

33

34

Sealer of weights and

measures.

"

Bond required.

Oath.

Assistant sealer of weights and measures.

79
80 WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

D. C.

Subject. Provisions. Dat8. Eeference.

Extra employees. 35 temporarily required for operations of the sealer

36 of weights and measures at an aggregate ex37 pense of not exceeding five hundred dollars in

38 any one year. The said Commissioners shall

39 provide for use of the sealer and the assistant

40 sealer of weights and measures a suitable room

*i or rooms to be used for an office ; and the said

*2 Commissioners shall also provide a horse and

43 wagon for the use of the sealer and assistant

*4 sealer of weights and measures at such times

45 as the business of their office shall require.

1895 Act of Con- g r e s s , 91 a r . 2, 1895.

Sec. 3.

Commissioners to prescribe fees. 46 That the Commissioners of the District of

47 Columbia are hereby empowered and directed

48 to prescribe a schedule of fees to be charged by

49 the sealer of weights and measures for his serv60 ices, in lieu of the fees now charged, which

61 schedule shall be printed and conspicuously dis -

62 played in the office of the sealer of weights and

53 measures. Such schedule of fees shall be so

64 arranged as to provide as nearly as may be for

56 all the salaries and expenses connected with the

56 office of the sealer of weights and measures, and

Sec. 4.

Disposition of fees. 57 no more. All fees collected by the sealer or

68 assistant sealer of weights and measures shall

69 be paid over to the collector of taxes of the Dis -

60 trict of Columbia under regulations to be pre61 scribed by the Commissioners of the District of

62 Columbia, and be covered into the Treasury of

63 the United States as other revenues of the Dis64 trict are now.

Oatli of assistant

sealer. 65 The assistant sealer of weights and measures

66 shall take the same oath his principal is reSec. 5.

• 67 quired to take, and may, during the continuance

68 of his office, discharge and perform any of the

69 official duties of his principal, and any default

70 or misfeasance in office by the assistant sur71 veyor, or other assistant or helper of the sealer

72 of weights and measures, shall be deemed a

73 breach of the official bond of his principal.
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES. 81

D. i .

I Reference. Date. Provasions. Subject.

1895 The sealer of weights and measures and,

under his direction, the assistant sealer of

weights and measures shall have the exclusive

power to perform all the duties of their office.

They shall from time to time try and prove all

scales, weights, beams, and measures of every

kind whatsoever used in the District of Columbia for the purpose of buying and selling,

and such as shall be found to conform to the

standards kept in their office they, or either

of them, shall stamp with the word" approved,"

or with the letter "W," and the year in which

said inspection is made ; and such as are found

not to conform to the standards in their office

they, or either of them, shall stamp with the

word '

' condemned '' and the year in which the

inspection is made. Upon the written request

of any resident of the District of Columbia the

sealer of weights and measures shall test, or cause to be tested, within a reasonable time after

the receipt of such request, the weights, scales,

beams, or other instruments used in buying or

selling by the person, firm, or corporation designated in such request : Provided, That nothing

herein contained shall be construed to prevent

any manufacturer or other person from keeping

for sale scales, beams, weights, or measures;

but on the written request of such manufacturer or other person the sealer of weights and

measures shall test, or cause to be tested, and

shall stamp as herein provided all such scales,

beams, weights, or measures offered for sale:

A7id provided further, That nothing herein contained shall be construed to require or to authorize the sealer of weights and measures to test

any scales belonging to the United States.

That the Commissioners of the District of

Columbia shall furnish the sealer of weights

and measures a book to be kept in his office, in

74 Sealers to hare ex- clusKe power to perform duties of their ofBce.

78

79

80

81

83

' Stamping^.

85

86

89

90

91

92

93

94

95

96

97

98

99

100

101

102

103

104

105

106

107

108

109

110

111

112

Scales belonsin? to the United States not to be tested by

District sealer.

Record of tests.

19150—05-
82

D. C.

WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject. Provisions. Date. Reference.

Test record.

Weights must be ex- hibited on demand

of officer.

Scales for commercial

purposes must be approved.

Condemning false

ireights and measores.

wMcli book he shall register, in alphabetical

order, the name of each person whose measures,

scales, beams, or other instruments he or his

assistant has inspected, together with the number and size of the same, and what number of

each was approved and what condemned, with

the time of inspection ; and such book shall be

open to the inspection and examination of the

public at all reasonable times.

No person shall neglect or refuse to exhibit

any weights, scales, measures, beams, or other

instruments used by him or her in weighing or measuring to the sealer or assistant sealer of

weights and measures when and whenever demanded by them, or either of them, for the purpose§ of inspection and stamping: Provided^

That no fees shall be collected for examinations

made in excess of the number of examinations

prescribed in the schedule of fees hereinbefore

provided for.

That no person shall use for buying or selling, or for weighing freight or express matter, any

weights, measures, scales, or other instruments,

unless the same shall have been examined and

approved by the sealer or assistant sealer of

weights and measures. The fact and the date

of such examination and approval and the

period for which such examination and approval

shall hold good shall be certified to with the

seal of the sealer of weights and measures.

Such certificates shall be attached in a conspic - uous place to the weights, measures, scales, or other instruments so examined and approved;

and such certificate shall be valid only for such

time as the Commissioners of the District of

Columbia shall provide in the schedule of fees

hereinafter provided for : Provided^ That nothing herein contained shall prevent at any time

the examination and condemnation of any

1895 Act of Con- g r e s s

,

Mar. 2, 1895.

Sec. 8.

1896 Sec. 9. As amended

by act of Mar. 28, 1896.
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES. 83

D. V.

Date. Provisions. Subject.

1896 weights, measures, scales, or other instruments

that may be found defective . The Commission - ers of the District of Columbia shall prescribe

the amount of tolerance to be allowed by the

sealer of weights and measures, and all weights,

measures, and balances that do not conform to

the standards for weights and measures in this

Act provided for within the limit of tolerance so allowed may be seized by the sealer of weights

and measures, and when so seized shall be destroyed by him, and a record of the same shall

be duly entered on the books of his office.

Failure to comply with the provisions of this

section, or the use of any weights, measures,

scales, or other instruments described in this

section, before the payment of the fees fixed by

the said Commissioners for examinations, shall

render the person so failing or using liable to a

fine of not more than twenty dollars and costs

of prosecution for each offense, to be recovered

in the police court of the District of Columbia

and the said court may make a further sentence

that the offender be imprisoned in the District

jail for any period not exceeding six months

until the payment of such fine and costs.

No person shall sell, or offer for sale in any

market, or in the public streets or alleys, or anywhere in the District of Columbia, any

fruits, vegetables, or berries, in crates, baskets, or other measures, or any butter in prints, or any ice or coal, at or for a greater weight or measure than the true weight or measure

thereof; and all ice, coal, meats, poultry, and

provisions (excepting vegetables sold by the

head or bunch) of every kind sold in the markets, streets, alleys, or elsewhere in the District

of Columbia, shall be weighed or measured by

scales, weights or balances, or in measures duly

tested and stamped by the sealer or assistant

Limits of tolerance.

True weight and measure required.
84

D. V.

WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Provisions. Date.

Poultry to be sold by

TTeiglit.

Certificates of weight

of coal required.

191

192

193

194

195

196

197

198

199

200

201

202

208

204

205

206

207

208

209

210

211

212

213

214

215

216

217

218

219

220

221

222

223

224

225

226

227

228

sealer of weights and measures : Provided, That

poultry may be offered for sale and sold in other

manner than by weight ; but, in all cases where

the person intending to purchase shall so desire

and request, poultry shall be weighed as hereinbefore provided.

Any person who shall neglect or refuse to

exhibit his weights, measures, scales, beams, or other instruments used for the purpose of

weighing or measuring to the sealer or assistant

sealer of weights and measures ; or any person

who shall use, in buying or selling, any weights,

measures, scales, beams or other instruments

used for weighing or measuring, which shall

have been inspected and condemned by the

sealer of weights and measures, or which, upon

examination, shall not be conformable to the

standards in the office of the sealer of weights

and measures; or any person who shall violate, or fail to comply with, any of the foregoing

provisions of this Act, shall be punished by a

fine not to exceed one hundred dollars and costs

of prosecution; and the court may make a further sentence that the offender be imprisoned in the District jail till the payment of

such fine and costs: Provided, That such imprisonment shall not exceed the period of six

months.

That no jDerson shall sell or deliver any coal

within the limits of the District of Columbia

unless there shall be delivered to the person in

charge of the wagon or conveyance used in delivering such coal a certificate duly signed by

the person selling the same and showing the

weight of the coal purporting to be delivered,

the weight of the wagon or conveyance used in

such delivery, the total weight of coal and conveyance, and the name of the purchaser.

1895
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES. 85

D. C.

Date. Provisions. Subject.

1895 229

230

231

232

233

That no person in charge of the wagon or conveyance used in delivering coal, to whom the

certificate mentioned in section twelve of this

Act has been delivered, shall neglect or refuse

to exhibit such certificate to the sealer or the

assistant sealer of weights and measures, or to 234 any person designated by them, or to the pur- 235 chaser or intended purchaser of the coal being 236 delivered; and when said officers, person so 23; designated, or such purchaser or intended pur- 238 chaser shall demand that the weight shown by 239 such certificate be verified, it shall be the duty 240 of the person delivering such coal to convey the 241 same forthwith to some public scale of the Dis- 242 trict, or to any private scale the owner whereof 243 shall consent to such use, and to permit the 244 verifying of the weight shown, and shall, after 245 the delivery of such coal, return forthwith, with 246 the wagon or conveyance used, to the same 247 scale and verify the weight of the wagon or 243 conveyance. 249 That it shall be the duty of the sealer of 250 weights and measures to inspect, or cause to be 251 inspected and tested, the weight of coal sold or 252 delivered as aforesaid within the District of

Columbia, and to take the proceedings necessary

to enforce the provisions of this Act.

That any person who shall violate or who 256 i p*'""!*?''

shall neglect or refuse to comply with the pro- 257 visions of sections six, seven, and eight of this 258 Act, or any person who shall deliver or attempt 259 to deliver coal of less weight than that set down 260 in the certificate hereinbefore mentioned, shall

be punished with a fine not to exceed one hundred dollars and costs of prosecution ; and the

court may make a further sentence that the 264 offender be imprisoned in the District jail until 265 the payment of such fine and costs: Provided, 266

Verifying the weight

of loads of coal.

253

254

Sealer to be responsible for Inspecting and testing weight

of coal sold or delivered.

261

262

263
86 WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

D. C.

Subject. Provisions. Date. Reference.

267 That the term of such imprisonment shall not

268 exceed six months.

Repeal. 269

270 That all laws and ordinances inconsistent

with the provisions of this Act be, and the same

Sec. 16.

271 are hereby, repealed.

Schedule of fees for testing and sealing. 272 I |T*T7 TVl OQ Cn /"IT'OT riQlT r^ll O ri Q

1

-L'lj lllcaoUl (J\ cl Ildll UU.oilt!l__ _ _ ^ Apr. 23, 1896. A c t 1 on Board

273 Dry measure, half bushel or less; Com ml s- sloners. 274 1 to 10, inclusive (each) - . - 275 1 to 25, inclusive (each)_ no

276

277

1 to 50, inclusive (each) . 1 to 100, inclusive (each) . _. Uo

278 Ice cream measure:

279 1 to 50, inclusive (each) 1 A

280 1 to 100, inclusive (each) AC

281 1 to 200, inclusive (each) A'7

282 200 or over (each) _ . Uo

283 Liquid measures over 1 gallon (each) . - _ . - OK

284 Liquid measures, 1 gallon or less:

285 1 to 10 measures, inclusive (each) _ - 1 A

286 1 to 25 measures, inclusive (each) — . _ AQ

287 1 to 50 measures, inclusive (each) _ _ . ASUo

288 1 to 100 measures, inclusive (each) _ ATI . U

289 Milk can, 1 gallon or more:

290 1 to 50 cans, inclusive (each) _ . . ZO

291 1 to 100 cans, inclusive (each)- - — . iJU 292 Over 100 cans (each) — . ID

293 Milk bottles and jars, glass (each 100 bottles) . ou

294 Scales, coal, semiannuallv O AA 25. UU

295 Scales, counter, semiannuallv- - - -- - - OK

296 Scales, counter, platform, over 200 pounds, semi297 annually --

1 AA 1. UU

298 Scales, counter, platform, under 200 pounds, semi299 annually .50

300 Scales, hay, semiannually — 2. 00

301 Scales, platform, semiannuallv L 00

302 Scales, potato, semiannually . 26

303 Scales, railroad, large, semiannuall}^ (first 10 tons). 2. 00

304 Scales, railroad, large (each ton over 10) .25

305 Scales, spring balance, "quarterly," January 1 to

306 July 1, 1903 .15

307 Spring balance, semiannually after July 1, 1903-. . 25

308 Scales, wagon, semiannually — . . 2. 00

309 Weights, sealing of (each) .10

310 Yard measures sealed, annually (each) . .10
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES. 87

D. C.

Date. Provisions. Subject.

May 30, 1S96. It shall not be lawful for any person, under a 311 penalty of five dollars for each offense, to be 31-2 recovered in the police court of the District of sis Columbia in the name of said District in the si* same manner as other fines and penalties are 315 recovered, to use any bushel, half -bushel, peck, sie half -peck, or quarter -peck measure unless the

same be of the dimensions following, to be meas- sis ured from inside to inside, to wit : Every bushel 319 measure shall not be less than fifteen and one- 320 fourth inches in diameter at the top, fourteen 3-'i and one -half inches in diameter at the bottom, 322 twelve and three -eighths inches deep, and the 323 staves three -fourths of an inch in thickness. 324 Every half -bushel measure shall not be less than 32.5 twelve and .one -half inches in diameter at the

top, eleven and one -half inches in diameter at

the bottom, nine and one -half inches deep, and 328 the staves at least one inch thick. Every peck 329 measure shall not be less than ten inches in 330 diameter at the top, nine and one -fourth inches ssi in diameter at the bottom, seven and five -eighths 332 inches deep, and the staves three -fourths of an 333 inch in thickness. Every half -peck measure,

when joined to the peck, shall not be less than

eight and five -eighths inches in diameter at the 336 top, nine and one -eighth inches in diameter at 33; the bottom, four and. one -half inches in depth, 33s and the staves five -eighths inch thick; and 339 every one -half peck measure, when made sep- 340 arate from the peck, shall not be less than nine 341 and one -eighth inches in diameter at the top, 342 eight and five -eighths inches in diameter at the 343 bottom, four and one -half inches deep, and the 344 staves five -eighths inch thick; every quarter

peck measure shall not be less than six and one

eighth inches in diameter at the top, five and 34 seven -eighths inches in diameter at the bottom.

326

327

33.5

34.5

346

Standard shape and

size for dry measure.

Rashel.

Peck.

.jg^ i Half peck.

348

Quarter peck.
88

D. C.

TTEIGHTS AXD MEASURES OF THE TNITED STATES.

Subject. Provisions.

Weight of bushel of potatoes.

Impersonation of

irelffhmasters.

Standard

corn

.

Penalty.

Supervision

specters.

of Infour and three -fourths inches deep, and the

850 staves one -half inch in thickness.

351 That when potatoes are sold by weight the

352 lawful weight of a bushel of potatoes shall be

353 sixty pounds, under a penalty of five dollars for

354 each offense, to be recovered in the police court

355 of the District of Columbia, in the name of the

356 said District, in the same manner as other fines

357 and penalties are recovered.

358 It shall be unlawful for any person to falsely

j 359 represent himself or herself as being a weighI 360 master of hay, straw, fodder, or corn, or to

, 361 make, give, or issue any certificate of the quanI 362 tity of hay, straw, fodder, or corn weighed in

' 363 the District of Columbia,

barrel of

j That hereafter in the District of Columbia

365 three hundred and fifty pounds of corn on the

366 cob shall constitute a barrel and two hundred

36T and eighty pounds of shelled corn shall consti368 tute a barrel: Provided, That nothing in this

369 Act shall be held to prohibit the sale of corn on

370 the cob by the barrel.

371 That any person violating any of the provi372 sions of this Act shall be deemed guilty of a

373 misdemeanor, and on conviction thereof in the

371 police court of the District aforesaid shall be

375 punished by a fine of not more than fifty dollars

376 or imprisonment in the jail of the District of

377 Columbia not exceeding six months, or both, in

378 the discretion of the com-t.

379 The [Inspectors of Lumber °], Inspectors of

380 Wood, [Inspectors of Coal°], Inspector of Boil381 ers. Inspectors of Flom\ Commissioners of Flour,

382 and the Inspector and Ganger of Spirituous

383 Liquors, shall hereafter be under the immediate

384 supervision of the Sealer of Weights and Meas385 ures, through whom they shall make their

386 reports to the Commissioners, and who shall

387 from time to time, submit to the Commission

-

a Amended by later ord«;r, see lines 391 ff.

Date. lEeference.

1896

Mar. 3, 1899.

Public, >o.

166.

See. 2.

PubUc, No.

196.

See. 1.

Sec. 2.

Sec. 3.

Sept. 29, Action of the

1 1902. ~ • - Board of C m m 1 g- gloners.
WEIGHTS ATSTD MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES. 89

D. C.

Eeference. Date. Provisions. Subject.

Action of the Board of Commissioners.

Action of the Board of OommlsBloners.Oct. 2, 1902.

Webb's Digest, p. 461.

Sec. 1.

Dec. 3, 1866.

Sec. 2.

ers any recommendations looking to the improvement of those branches of the service he

may deem it advisable to make.

The order of September 29, 1902, placing the

offices of Inspectors of Lumber, Inspectors of

Wood, Inspectors of Coal, Inspectors of Boilers,

Inspectors of Flour, Commissioners of Flour,

and Inspector and Ganger of Spirituous Liquors

under the Sealer of Weights and Measures, is

hereby modified by transferring the supervision

of the Inspectors of Coal and the Inspector and

Measurer of Lumber who inspects lumber purchased by the District to the Superintendent of

Property of the 'Engineer Department.

It shall be the'duty of the Mayor," annually,

about the fourth Monday in June, and whenever

a vacancy shall occur by death, resignation, or otherwise, to appoint, by and with the advice

and consent of the Board of Aldermen, six inspectors and measurers of lumber, whose duty

it shall be to inspect and measure all boards,

plank, joist, scantling, and timber, brought to,

and offered for sale within the jurisdiction of

this Corporation not previously inspected, measured, and which have not the measurement

marked thereon, in accordance with the laws

operative in this city, by a lawfully appointed

and sworn inspector and measurer, when, as soon as the same shall be sold; an authentic

certificate of which fact shall, in all cases, be

furnished by the seller; and each of the said

inspectors and measurers shall, before entering

on the duties of his office, make and subscribe

an oath faithfully to discharge the duties of his

said office.

It shall be the duty of the inspectors of lumber to cut in legible figures the number of feet

contained in each board, plank, joist, scantling,

« Now Board of Commissioners.

388

389

390

391

.392

393

394

39.5

396

397

398

399

400

401

402

403

404

405

406

407

408

409

410

411

412

413

414

415

416

417

418

419

420

421

422

423

424

425

Inspectors of and lumber.

coal

Inspectors and measurers of lumber.

Duties of lumber In- spectors.
90

D. C.

V^EIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject. Provisions. Date.

Board measure.

Inspector shall not purchase lumber

except for his pri- vate use.

Compensation.

Penalty for sellint; lumber contrary to

this act.

Beports.

Flour containers.

426

427

428

429

430

441

432

433

434

435

436

437

438

439

440

441

442

443

444

445

446

447

448

449

4.50

451

452

453

454

455

456

457

458

459

460

461

462

463

464

or timber, by the rule of board measure, except

boards under one inch thick, which shall be

measured on the surface, and marked accordingly; all unsound, worm-eaten irregularly

sawed, wind -shaken, mildewed, or very knotty

boards, scantlings, joist or other timber, or any

part thereof, that may be, in the opinion of the

measurer, unfit for use, shall be condemned, and

left out of the count.

No inspector shall be permitted to purchase,

or appoint any deputy to purchase any lumber

for him, except for his own use, on pain of

forfeiting his office.

The said inspectors shall be entitled to re- ceive as compensation for inspecting, measuring, and marking, the sum of thirty cents per

one thousand feet board measure, one -half to

be paid by the buyer and the other half by the

seller.

Any person or persons buying or selling lumber contrary to this act, shall, on conviction

thereof, forfeit and pay, for every offence, the

sum of twenty dollars to this Corporation, to be

recovered as other fines and penalties are by

said Corporation.

It shall be the duty of the said inspectors,

severally to make returns and report halfyearly to the Mayor, the quantity in square feet

of the several kinds of lumber inspected by

him or them.

All casks containing flour brought to the City

of Washington for sale or exportation shall be

well made, of good seasoned materials, and

tightened with at least ten hoops, sufficiently

nailed with four nails in each chine hoop and

three nails in each upper bilge hoop, and of the

following dimensions to -wit: the staves of all

barrels to be twenty -seven inches long, and the

diameter at the head to be seventeen inches;

1866

June 3, 1853.
WEIGHTS Al^D MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES. 91

D. C.

Date. Pro\'isions. Subject.

1853 the staves of half barrels shall be twenty -two

inches in length, and the diameter at the head

thirteen inches. Every miller or brander of

flour for sale in or exportation from the City of

Washington, shall have a brand mark, of strong

impression, and such as cannot easily be erased,

with which he shall brand every cask of flom'

l)efore it shall be removed from the place where

the same was manufactured, with the name of

the mill at full length, or the initials of the

proprietor's or renter's christian name, with the

surname in full length; and every miller or bolter shall also brand every cask of flour ac- cording to the respective diameters above described; and the said inspector is hereby

du-ected not to inspect any cask of flour which

is not prepared agreeably to the directions of

this act. Each and every flour barrel shall

weigh not less than seventeen pounds, and ea,ch

and every half barrel not less than eleven pounds,

which tare shall be marked on the head of each

cask ; and if the inspector shall be of the opinion

that any cask containing flour which he may be

called upon to inspect exceeds in weight the tare

marked on its head, he shall be, and is, hereby

empowered to start the flour therein contained,

and if upon trial said cask shall exceed in weight

the tare so marked, the person bringing the

same to the city for sale shall forfeit and paj" to

the said inspector twenty -five cents for each

pound of the excess. Every miller or bolter shall put into all barrels

one hundred and ninety -six pounds of flour,

and into all half barrels ninety -eight pounds of

flour ; and if any miller or boltjer of flour shall

pack any cask with a less quantity of flour than

is by this act du'ected to be^ contained in the

casks of the different sizes above mentioned,

the person offering the same for inspection

465

466

467

468

469

470

471

47-2

473

474

475

476

477

478

479

480

481

482

483

484

485

486

487

488

489

490

491

49:J

493

494

493

496

497

498

499

500

501

50-2

503

Standard batrel.

Harking.

Minimum ireisltt.

Standard Treiarlit of barrel of flour.
92

D. C. WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject. Provisions. Date. Heference.

Penalty for short weight.

Corders and measurers of wood and

weighers of coal.

Koi'k Creek district.

First canal district.

Second canal district.

Macostia district.

Potomac district.

504

505

506

507

508

509

510

511

512

513

514

515

516

517

518

519

520

.521

522

523

524

525

526

527

528

529

530

531

532

533

534

535

536

537

538

539

540

541

shall forfeit, if the deficiency be one pound, .ten cents; if two pounds fifteen cents; and for

every pound deficient above two, twenty -five

cents ; and it shall be the duty of the inspector,

in all cases of deficiency of weight in casks of

flour, to procure, at the expense of the person

bringing the same to the city for sale, flour of

like quality sufficient to make good any such

deficiency in weight. And for opening, filling,

and recoopering each cask so deficient in weight

the inspector shall be allowed fifteen cents,

including the inspection fee.

The Mayor" is authorized, on or about the

fourth Monday in June, annually, to appoint, by

and with the consent of the Board of Aldermen, five corders and measurers of wood and

weighers of coal—that is to say, one for the

Rock Creek district, to measure all wood and

weigh all coal landed or sold within that part of

the city lying west of the eastern line of Seven - teenth street west, one for the first Canal district, to measure all wood and weigh all coal

landed or sold on or near the canal between

Seventeenth street west and Twelfth street

west, and north to the boundary of the city;

one for the second Canal district, to measure all

wood and weigh all coal landed or sold on or near the canal between Twelfth street west and

N street south, west of Third street east, and

north to the boundary of the city ; one for the

Anacostia district, to measure all wood and to

weigh all coal landed or sold on or near the

canal south of N street south and east of Third

street east, and on or near the Anacostia river;

and one for the Potomac district, to measure all

wood and to weigh all coal landed or sold on or near the Potomac River between the Tiber and

Anacostia river.

« Now Board of Commissioners.

1853 Webb's Dl. gest. Act

of Jniie 3, 1853.

1853 Sec. 1.
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES. 93

D. C.

Date. Pro^dsions. Subject.

1853 All wood corders and coal measurers ap- 512 pointed under this act, previous to entering 543 upon the discharge of their duties, shall each 544 give hond in the sum of fifty dollars, with 545 surety to be approved by the Mayor," for the 546 faithful discharge of the duties imposed upon 54; them by law, and shall also take the following '^m oath or affirmation before a justice of the peace 549 for the County of Washington, viz: "I, A. B., 550 do swear (or solemnly, sincerely, and truly de- 551 clare, or affirm) that I will diligently and truly 552 examine, set up, pack, and cord all firewood and 553 weigh and measure all coal, or cause the same 554 to be done in my presence, when thereunto re- 555 quired, according to the best of my skill and 556 judgment, and according to law, without fear, 557 favor, affection, malice or partiality. So help ^ss me God." Said oath or affirmation the person 559 sworn or affirmed shall deposit with the Regis- ^eo ter of this Corporation. oei The Mayor" is hereby authorized, in case of sea the sickness, absence or temporary inability of ses either of the wood corders and coal measm'ers ^64 of this city, to appoint suitable persons to per- 565 form all the duties of such wood corder and see coal measurer during such sickness, absence, or temporary inability; and each and every per- s^s son so appointed shall comply with all the 569 requisites of law, and be subject to all the 570 conditions and penalties prescribed in the 571 case of regularly appointed wood corders and 572 measurers. 573 All wood brought to the city as aforesaid for 574 sale shall be of the following description—that 575

is to say, sound and free from decay or hollow- 576 ness, at least four feet in length, including one- 577 half of the kerf, and not less than two inches 578 diameter at the small end. It shall be set up, 579 packed, and corded, under the direction of the sso

a Now Board of Commissioners.

Bond required.

Oath.

Temporary wood

corders and coal measurers.

Method of packing and measuring

wood.
94

D. C.

WEIGHTS AND MEASUEES OF THE UNITED STATES.

V,

Subject. Provisions. Date. Eeference.

Cord of wood.

Defective wood.

Compensation to wood

corders.

Penalty for neglect to comply with tills act.

581

58-2

583

584

585

586

587

588

589

590

591

592

593

594

595

596

597

598

599

600

601

602

603

604

605

606

607

608

609

610

611

612

613

614

615

616

617

618

619

District wood corder, and shall be measured by

him ; every cord of wood shall be eight feet in

length, four feet in breadth, and four feet four

inches in height, well stowed and packed ; the

straight wood to be placed together in the lower

part of the pile, and the crooked wood in the

upper part of the pile ; and the said wood cord - ers are hereby directed to make the proper allowance for any loss which may be sustained m

the measure of the crooked wood; all undersized, hollow, or decayed wood shall be corded

separately and apart by itself, and sold as unmerchantable. All wood brought to the city

by land shall be subject to the same regulations,

excepting such as may be sold by the wagon,

cart, dray or sledge load. The wood corders

for their trouble in examining and measuring

the same, shall receive nine cents for every cord

of wood so examined and measured by them, to

be paid by the seller of such wood ; and the said

wood corders shall not cord any wood not of the

length aforesaid, but the same shall be rejected

as unmerchantable.

If any person bringing or sending any firewood to this city for sale shall sell and deliver

the same before it has been corded and measured as aforesaid, except as aforesaid, or shall

neglect or refuse to have the same corded and

measured, such person shall forfeit and pay two

dollars for the use of the city for every cord of

wood so sold and delivered ; and if any person

or persons shall purchase and receive any firewood brought to the City of Washington for

sale, except as aforesaid, which has not been

corded, measured, and passed by one of the said

wood corders aforesaid, such person or persons

shall forfeit and pay two dollars for the use of

the city for every cord of wood so purchased and

received.

1853 Webb's Di- gest, Act

of June 3, 1853.

Sec. 4.

1864 Act of Oct. 17, 1864.

1853 Act of June

3, 1853.

Sec. 5.
WEIGHTS AND MEASUEES OF THE UNITED STATES. 95

D. C.

Reference. Date. Provisions. Subject.

Webb's Di- gest, Act

of Jane 3, 1853.

Sec. 6.

Sec. 7.

Complied

Statutes of District of Colnmbla,

p. 551. Kevlsed Statutes, D. C. Sec. 1190.

Legislative

Assembly, June 20, 1872, p. 33. Sec. 3.

Sec. 4.

1853

1853

1833

It shall be the duty of all wood and coal

measurers to make returns of all the wood and

coal measured or weighed by them respectively

along the line of the Canal to the Commissioner

thereof, at such periods and in such manner as he may from time to time prescribe, with the

approbation of the Mayor."

The measurers of wood and weighers of coal

who shall be appointed in conformity to this

law shall not, during their continuance in office,

deal or traffic in the aforementioned articles,

under a penalty of twenty -five dollars for each

and every such offence; nor shall any person

employed in the service of a wood or coal dealer

be eligible to the office of wood corder or coal

measurer.

All hay and straw, which may be sold by

weight in the District, shall be sold by the net

hundred, and every twenty hundred pounds net

weight shall be a ton.

All hay, straw, fodder and oats in the straw

brought to and sold within the District of

Columbia, whether in wagons, carts, packages,

bundles, or otherwise, shall be sold by weight

and weighed in one of the several scales authorized by law, and the persons obtaining such

scales, in accordance with the following provisions, shall have the exclusive privilege of

weighing all such hay, straw, fodder, and oats

in the straw.

No hay, straw, fodder, or oats in the straw

shall be sold in the District of Columbia unless

the same shall be previously weighed by one of

the duly authorized weighmasters, and a certificate of the quantity so weighed obtained, under

a penalty of not more than ten nor less than

five dollars for every wagon load, cart load,

bundle, bale, or package so sold, to be recovered

of the seller before the police court.

~^ « Now Board of Commissioners.

620

621

622

623

624

625

626

627

628

629

630

631

632

633

634

635

636

637

638

639

640

641

642

643

644

643

646

647

648

C49

650

651

652

653

654

655

636

657

638

Keports.

Officers must not deal

In coal or wood.

Xet hundred weleht

for sales of hay and

straw.

Hay, straw, and fod- der to be sold by

weight.

Public hay scales.

Must be weighed by

welghmaster.
96

D. C. WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject. Provisions. Date.

Penalty for absence during hours of buS'

iness.

Schedule of fees.

Certificate of gross weight required.

659

660

661

662

663

661

665

666

667

668

669

670

671

672

673

674

675

676

677

678

679

680

681

682

683

684

685

686

687

688

689

690

691

692

693

694

695

696

697

In case of non-attendance on the part of the

person having charge of any of the authorized

scales, by reason of which any person wanting

hay, straw, fodder, or oats weighed shall be

detained for the space of half hour, the person

in charge shall forfeit for such offense, if it shall take place between the hour of six A. M.

and six P. M., the sum of not more than ten

nor less than five dollars, to be recovered as other fines are. Persons entitled to the privileges of said scales

shall be allowed and receive compensation for

weighing every load of hay, straw, fodder, or

oats in the straw, weighing five hundred pounds

or less, ten cents; all loads between five hundred and two thousand pounds, thirty -five cents

;

and for each and every bundle or package of the

same, two cents, to be paid by the seller; and

the said owner or proprietors shall not receive

any other fee under the -penalty of five dollars

for. each and every offense.

It shall be the duty of the weigher of hay,

straw, fodder or oats in the straw weighed, to

give a certificate describing the gross weight of

the hay, straw, fodder, or oats in the straw,

with the wagon, and all the pieces that are used

in securing the same in the wagon; also the

weight of the wagon and pieces, and the net

weight of the hay, straw, fodder, or oats in the

straw so weighed, and it shall be the duty of

the weighers of hay to brand with the letters

W. C. all wagons, carts, or other vehicles used

in bringing hay, straw, fodder, or oats in the

straw for sale ; also all the pieces of wood used

in securing said hay, straw, fodder, or oats in

the straw, and to number the same and to place

the number in certificate; in case the wagon

shall not be in practice of bringing .hay, the

weighers may dispense with the marking of the

1833
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES. 97

D. C.

Date. Provisions. Subject.

1853

706

707

pieces, provided the certificate is not given to 698 the wagon and pieces are reweighed, and when- 699 ever any hay, straw, fodder, or oats in the straw ^oo shall be weighed by the package or bundle, it 'oi shall be the duty of the weigher to allow five

pounds of wood to each one hundred pounds of jos

hay ; the gross and net weight in the body of 704 the certificates given by the weigher shall be 'os written at full length, and shall be set down in

figures in the margin of said certificates.

The above articles shall be weighed and sold 'os at the rate of one hundred pounds for every 709 hundred weight, that in all cases the weigher "o

and deputies shall be sworn, and the weigher 'n

shall make a sworn quarterly return of the true "2

amount received in each and every quarter, and "3

the amount of each in each quarter, and the ^i* quarters shall be construed to be and terminate

severally on the thirty -first of March, thirtieth Jie of June, thirtieth of September, and thirty -first

of December, in each and every year, and if 'is either of the weighers shall fail to make the re- "9

turns required by this act for a longer period '20 than ten days after the expiration of each quar- 721 ter, it shall be the duty of the Commissioners 722 (Governor) to annul the privilege of said weigher

or weighers, and it shall be his duty also to make

any allowance he shall think just on account of

the hay, and so forth, being wet, and for each

and every breach of law, not otherwise provided

for by either of the weighers of hay, straw, fodder, or oats in the straw, he shall pay a sum of

not less than two nor more than ten dollars.

The sealers of weights and measures shall

quarterly examine and adjust the hay scales, and

shall be paid" one dollar by each weigher of hay

for such services, and the attention of the police 734 Amended in act of Congress, authorizing Commissioners to fix schedule of fees. 19150—05 7

723

724

725

726

728

729

730

731

AUoiranee for packing.

HandrediT eight of

100 pounds to be

used.

Examining and ad

justing hay scales.
98 WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

D. C.

Subject. Provisions. Date. Reference.

shall be directed, and they shall be required to

1863 Webb's Di- gest, Act note and make report of all violation of this law.

of June 3, 1853. ExcluslTe right to ose hay scales. 737 Annually, on or about the tenth day of July the

738 Commissioners (Governor) shall, after at least

739 five days' public notice sell to the highest bidder

'40 the exclusive right and privilege of using public

7*1 scales, all hay, straw, fodder, and live cattle

742 which may be sold in said District of Columbia,

743 which said right or privilege shall continue only

7** for the term or period which may be designated

7*5 at the time of said sale, but not exceeding two

7*6 years.

Sec. 10.

Payment of amonnt

of bid. 7*7 The person or persons who shall be the high7*8 est bidder or bidders at such sale or sales, and

749 who shall thereby become entitled to said right

750 or privilege, as aforesaid, shall, before entering

751 upon the duty of weighmaster, deposit to the

752 credit of the general fund the amount or

753 amounts so bid by him or them, and take and

75* subscribe to the following oath or affirmation,

765 before some person authorized to administer the

Sec. 11.

Oath. 756 same, to-wit: "I , of the District of Co767 lumbia, do solemnly swear (or affirm, as the

758 case may be,) that I will faithfully, truly, ani

759 impartially, according to the best of my judg760 ment and ability, execute and perform all the

761 duties of the weighmaster which are or may be

762 prescribed by law ; '

' shall be filed in the Regis -

763 ter's office, and said weighmaster shall also give

Bond. 764 bond, with two sureties, approved by the Com765 missioners (Governor) in the penal sum of two

766 thousand dollars, conditioned to pay all damages

767 that may be sustained by reason of wilful

768 omission, refusal, or neglect to discharge the

769 duties of his office, which are or may be pre770 scribed by law which bond shall also be filed in

771 the Collectors (Register's) office, and may be

772 sued upon by any person injured or damaged

773 by such wilful omission, refusal, or neglect.
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES. 99

D. C.

Date. Provisions. Subject.

1853 The said weighmaster is authorized to charge

and receive for the weighing of hay, straw, and

fodder, the rate of charge prescribed by law and

no more; and for weighing live stock at the

rate of one cent per hundred pounds, which

said several fees or charges shall be paid by the

seller, and the said weighmaster shall not re- ceive any other or greater fees or charges, under

penalty of five dollars for every offense.

The said weighmaster or weighmasters shall

keep the scales in all proper and needful

repair during the term or period for which

right or privilege may have been given, and

any neglect or omission to provide for such re- pairs shall operate as a forfeiture of said right or privilege, and the same may again be sold

for the benefit of the District of Columbia for

the said unexpired period.

It shall not be lawful for any person or per- sons to sell or offer for sale any hay, straw,

fodder, or live stock, except horses, mules,

milch cows, and calves, in the District of Columbia, without having the same weighed as

aforesaid, and a certificate of the weight thereof

obtained, under the penalty of five dollars for

each and every offense.

It shall not be lawful for any person or per- sons to sell cut -hay in any other manner than

by weight, and any person or persons offending

against this law shall forfeit and pay to the

District of Columbia the sum of three dollars

for the first, and five dollars for each and every

subsequent offense ; all fines to be collected and

applied as other fines forfeited to the District

of Columbia.

All acts or parts of acts which may be inconsistent with the provisions of this act be, and

the same are hereby, repealed.

774

77.5

776

777

778

779

780

781

782

783

784

785

786

787

788

789

790

791

792

793

794

795

796

797

798

799

800

801

802

803

804

805

806

807

808

809

810

811

Legal rates only to be charged.

Fees for weighing.

Scales to be kept In repair.

Penalty for neglect.

Weight of stock or

feed niDSt be certified.

I'at hay to be sold by

weight.

Bepeal.

rLOBIDA.

FLA.

Reference. Date. Provisions. Subject.

Session

Lans.chap.

4161.

Sec. 1.

Sec. 2.

Sec. 3.

Sec. 4.

1893 Jane 6 The standard of weights and measures shall i be such as is prescribed by the Congress of the 2 United States. » It shall be the duty of the board of county + commissioners of each county in this state at & their regular meeting in July of each year, or as « soon thereafter as practicable, to appoint a citi- < zen of known integrity, discretion and intelli- « gence, who shall be designated as Inspector of » Weights and Measures, and shall also furnish i» said Inspector with the standard weights and "

measures as prescribed in section one of this act. 12 Said Inspector shall take and subscribe to an 13 oath of office to faithfully discharge the duties "

of the same, and give bond with good and 15 sufficient security, approved by the Board of i« County Commissioners in the sum of one thousand dollars, conditioned on the faithful discharge of his duties, as hereinafter prescribed, i'> and such oath and bond to be filed with the

clerk of the Circuit Court. 21 It shall be the duty of such Inspector to visit 22 and examine such weights and measures used 23 by all traders, railroad omces or of other per- 24 sons or places, where weights and measures are 25 used for buying, selling or bartering of any 26 commodity, at least once in each year, examine 27 the same and ascertain if such weights and 28 measures correspond with the standard weights 29 and measures prescribed, and if found to corres- so pond with said standard, to stamp same as si "correct." But if such weights and measures 32 do not correspond with said standards he shall 33

Standard.

Dounty commissioners to appoint In- spectors.

Oath and bond.

Duties of inspectors.

101
102

FLA. WEIGHTS AND MEA8UEES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject. Provisions. Date.

Stamping and dlspo- sition of false

freights and measures.

Duty of Inspector.

Fees.

Bepeal.

Effect.

Selling Iiy false weights or measures.

Selling by untested weights and measures.

34

35

3G

37

38

39

40

41

42

43

44

45

46

47

48

49

60

51

52

53

54

55

56

57

58

59

60

61

62

03

64

65

66

67

68

69

70

71

take possession of the same and stamp them

"incorrect," or destroy the same as may be

deemed proper. Said Inspector shall report

without delay to the Board of County Commissioners, the names and residences of all persons

in whose possession false weights and measures

are found, and the Board of County Commissioners shall inform the Prosecuting Attorney

who shall proceed to prosecute said person or persons, and upon conviction said person or per- sons shall be punished as by statute provided.

Said Inspector of Weights and Measures

when informed that any trader or any other

person is using false weights and measures,

shall proceed without delay to examine same

and if found to be true, shall inform the Board

of County Commissioners of the fact, and they

the County Commissioners shall proceed as is

prescribed in Section 4 of this act. Said Inspectors shall receive as compensation

for their services such fees as shall be prescribed

by the Board of County Commissioners, to be

paid by the person or persons whose weights

and measures he may examine.

That sections 880, 881, 882 and 883 of the

Revised Statutes, Chapter 12, be and the same

are hereby repealed.

This act shall take effect upon its approval

by the Governor.

Whoever knowingly sells by false weight or measure, shall be punished by imprisonment

not exceeding six months or by fine not exceeding one thousand dollars.

Whoever refuses to have his weights and

measures tested, or refuses to pay the fees for

the same, or whoever, after his weights and

measures have been tested, fails to make them

conform to the standard, and keep them con1893

1832

Feb. 10
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES. 103 I FLA. I

Date. Provisions. Subject.

1832

1901 May 30

formed, shall be punished by imprisonment not

exceeding sixty days or by fine not exceeding

one hundred dollars.

The following standard of weights and measures shall be the standard of weights and

measures throughout the State

One standard bushel shall contain 2,150| solid

inches. One liquid gallon shall contain 231

solid inches. The weights and measures shall

be as follows

Wheat, per bushel, 60 pounds avoirdupois.

Corn, shelled, per bushel, 56 pounds avoirdupois.

Corn on cob with shuck, 70 pounds avoirdupois.

Sorghum seed, per bushel, 56 pounds avoirdupois.

Barley seed, per bushel, 48 pounds avoirdupois.

Oats, per bushel, 32 pounds avoirdupois.

Bran, per bushel, 20 pounds avoirdupois.

Corn meal, per bushel, 48 pounds avoirdupois.

Beans, shelled, per bushel, 60 pounds avoirdupois.

Beans, velvet, in hull, per bushel, 78 pounds

avoirdupois.

Beans, castor, shelled, per bushel, 48 pounds

avoirdupois.

Millet seed, per bushel, 50 pounds avoirdupois.

Beggarweed seed, per bushel, 62 pounds loi avoirdupois. 102 Irish potatoes, per bushel, 60 pounds avoir- 103 dupois. 10* Sweet potatoes, per bushel, 60 pounds avoir- 105 dupois.

Turnips, per bushel, 54 pounds avoirdupois, lo? Onions, per bushel, 56 pounds avoirdupois.

Salt, per bushel, 60 pounds avoirdupois. 109

Weight of the bushel.

89

90

91

92

93

94

95

96

97

9S

99

100

Standard bushel and

f!;allon.

Weights of legal

bushels of certain products.
104

FLA. WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject. Provisions.

Weights of legal

bushel of produce.

Standard weights and

measures to be used

In contracts.

Repeal.

110

111

112

113

114

115

116

117

118

119

120

121

122

123

124

125

126

127

128

129

130

131

132

133

134

135

136

Peanuts, per bushel, 22 pounds avoirdupois.

Chufas, per bushel, 54 pounds avoirdupois.

Rye, per bushel, 56 pounds avoirdupois.

Apples, dried, per bushel, 24 pounds avoirdupois.

Apples, green, per bushel, 48 pounds avoirdupois.

Quijaces, per bushel, 48 pounds avoirdupois.

Peaches, dried, per bushel, 33 pounds avoirdupois.

Peaches, green, per bushel, 54 pounds avoirdupois.

Cotton seed, per bushel, 32 pounds avoirdupois.

Cotton seed. Sea Island, per bushel, 46 pounds

avoirdupois.

Plums, per bushel, 40 pounds avoirdupois.

Pears, per bushel, 60 pounds avoirdupois.

Guavas, per bushel, 54 pounds avoirdupois.

All contracts hereafter made within this State

for work to be done or anything to be sold or delivered by weight or measure shall be taken

and construed according to the standard of

weights and measures hereby adopted as the

standard of this State.

All laws and parts of laws in conflict with this

act are hereby repealed.

Date.

1901

Reference.

Laws of Florida, chap. 4975.

Sec. 1.

Sec. 2.

Sec. 3.
GEORGIA.

OA.

Reference.

€o(le, Tol. 1. Sec. 1634.

Date.

1895

Dec. 15

Provisions.

The legal weight of the following articles or commodities per bushel shall be as follows

Wheat, sixty pounds

Shelled corn, fifty -six pounds;

Corn in the ear, seventy pounds

Peas, sixty pounds

Rye, fifty -six pounds;

Oats, thirty -two pounds;

Barley, forty -seven pounds;

Irish potatoes, sixty pounds;

Sweet potatoes, fifty -five pounds;

White beans, sixty pounds;

Clover seed, sixty pounds

Timothy-seed, forty-five pounds;

Flaxseed, fifty -six pounds;

Hempseed, forty-four pounds;

Blue -grass seed, fourteen pounds;

Buckwheat, fifty -two pounds;

Dried peaches, unpeeled, thirty -three

pounds

Dried peaches, peeled, thirty -eight pounds;

Dried apples, twenty -four pounds;

Onions, fifty-seven pounds;

Stone coal, eighty pounds

Unslacked lime, eighty pounds;

Turnips, fifty -five pounds;

Corn meal, forty-eight pounds;

Wheat bran, twenty pounds;

Cotton seed, thirty pounds;

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

16

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

S8

29

Subject.

Weight per bushel.

105
106 WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject. Provisions. Date. Reference.

Bushel.

.3" brround-peas, twenty -five pounas;

31 Plastering hair, eight pounds

;

32 Rough rice, forty-three pounds;

1895 Code, Tol. 1. Sec. 1634.

Cord. 33 Tan bark, per cord, two thousand two hun3* dred and fifty pounds.

Seal. 35 The ordinaries must procure for their respect

36 ive counties a marking instrument, seal or

3J stamp, tor the purpose ot marking all weights

38 and measures which they may find not to weigh

3« or measure less than the standard established

*o by the Congress of the United States, which is

+1 the standard of this State.

Sec. 1635.

Penalty. *2 All persons engaged in selling by weights and

+3 measures shall apply to the orrlinaries of their

respective counties and have their weights and

*'» measures so marked, and default thereof shall

*« not collect more than three -fourths of any ac- " count, note, or other writing, the consideration

*» of which is any commodity sold by their weights

*9 and measures : Provided, this section shall not

»o apply to any person selling by weights and

51 measures who has applied to the ordinary of his

6-' county and found that the county has not been

53 supplied with the necessary standards for test5* ing weights and measures.

Code, sec.

1636.

Selling by deficient weights and meas- 55 Any citizen may complain to the ordinary of Sec. 1637.

ures. 5e the deficiency of any weights and measures,

57 whether marked or not, and when done it is the

58 duty of said ordinary to notify the person com59 plained of, and give him the name of the com-

«« plainant, and specify a day, not more than ten

ei days distant, when he shall submit his weights

62 and measures, to the test of the ordinary, and if

e3 the complaint is found to be true withm the

e* seller's knowledge, he shall be deemed a person

65 selling by false weights and measures, and shall

66 be presented by the grand jury as such, if no

67 person appears and indicts.
WEIGHTS AND MEASUKE8 OF THE UNITED STATES. 107

(JA.

Reference. Date. Provisions. Subject.

Code, ToU 1. Sec. 1638.

Sec. 163)9.

1895 The Governor shall procure standards of 68 weights and measures for each county which 69 does not have them, and they, together with the '» marks provided by the ordinary, shall be kept 'i in his office for the inspection of the citizens. '2 When such standards are obtained, it is the

duty of such ordinary to give sixty days written '* notice thereof at the door of the court-house, and

in the public gazette where the sheriff of the

county advertises his sales. "

Standards to be pro- cured.

Ordinary to (tive notice.

HAWAn.«

HAWAII.

Date. Provisions. Subject.

1897

(1898)

Inspection of weights, measures, etc.. In markets.

Penalty for using nn- apprOTed weielits and measures.

It shall be the duty of every clerk of a market once in every month, and whenever

requested so to do by any purchaser in said

market, to inspect all the weights, measures

and beams used in weighing and measuring in

such market; and, at the expense of the owners, to make them conform to the standard

weights and measures of the Republic; and if any person shall refuse to exhibit his weights

and measures, or to make them conform to

those established by law, he shall be fined

twenty -five dollars.

Any person using any weights or measures

in a public market, not approved by the clerk

of such market, shall be fined ten dollars, and

he shall besides be liable in tenfold damages to

any person injured by his conduct.

It shall be the duty of the Minister of the

Interior- to procure a standard set of weights

and measures ; and he shall annually (or oftener

in his discretion) cause all beams, weights and

measures in this Republic, used by persons

selling any goods, wares, merchandise, fruits,

vegetables or other commodity, to be tested, at

the place where used, by such standard weights

or measures, and to seal such as shall be found

« The laws of Hawaii relating to weights and measures which appear to be still in force are found in chapter 65

of the Penal Laws, 1897, as amended by act 51 of the Session Laws of 1898. Chapter 65, as amended, so far as it relate.^ to weights and measures, reads as cited. By section 6 of the act of Congress approved April 30, 1900, to provide a government for the Territory of Hawaii, the foregoing laws are among those which continue in force. By section 8 of the same act the office of minister of the interior is abolished, and by section 75 various powers and duties formerly belonging to the minister

of the interior (and among them, those relating to weights and measures) are vested in a superintendent of public works. Now superintendent of public works.

109

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

Standard weiglits and measures and test- ing of the weights and measures of the country.
110

HAWAII. WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject. Provisions. Date.

Stamping.

Fees.

The standard weights and measures to be those of the United

States.

Standard weight of the busliel of cer- tain grains.

Penalty for altering

balances.

Penalty for selling by

unsealed weights, measures, or bal- ances.

•28

29

30

31

32

33

34

35

36

87

38

39

40

41

42

43

44

45

46

47

48

49

60

51

52

53

54

55

56

57

58

59

60

61

62

63

64

65

true with the capital letters R. H. He shall in

like manner cause to be tested all beams,

weights and measures which shall be brought

to him to be tested.

The charge for testing any beam, weight or measure, shall be as follows: For sealing and

marking every beam, fifty cents; for sealing

and marking every measure of extension,

twenty -five cents; for sealing and marking

every weight, ten cents; for sealing and marking every liquid or dry measure, ten cents;

and a reasonable compensation for making such

weights and measures conform to the standard.

Provided, however, that no charge shall be

made for more than two inspections of the same

beam, weight or measure, in one year. All

tees collected under this Section shall be paid

into the Treasury as Government Realizations.

The standards of weights and measures shall

be those adopted, and now used, or that may

be adopted and used by the United States of

America.

Whenever any wheat, rye, Indian corn, barley or oats, shall be sold by the bushel, and no

special agreement as to the measurement shall

be made by the parties, the bushel shall consist

of sixty pounds of wheat, of fifty -six pounds of

rye, of fifty -six pounds of Indian corn, of forty

eight pounds of barley, and thirty-two pounds

of oats.

Any person who shall wilfully and fraudulently change any beam, weight or measure

after the same shall have been tested and sealed,

shall be liable on conviction in any District

Court, to pay a fine not to exceed Fifty Dollars

for each such offense.

If any person shall sell any goods, wares, or merchandise, fruit, vegetables, or other commodity whatsoever by any beams, weights, or

1897-8
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES. Ill

HAWAII.

Eeference. Date. Provisions. Subject.

Penal Code

of Hawaii,

1897. (Amended

1898.)

Sec. 1123.

1897

(1898) measures, that have not been duly sealed, he

shall be fined for each offense a sum not ex- e? ceeding fifty dollars ; and any person who shall

be injured or defrauded by the use of any such 69 beams, weights, or measures, may maintain an

action against the offender ; and if judgment be "

rendered for the plaintiff, he shall recover double 72 damages, and the costs of suit. 73

Fine.

Damages and costs.

4

IDAHO.

IDAHO.

Date. Provisions. Subject.

1903

Mar. 6

"Sec. 4.

That the standard of weights and measures in

this State shall agree exactly with the standard

as recognized and furnished by the United States,

and shall for the purpose of security and verification be kept in the custody of the Secretary of

State.

That the Secretary of State shall be ex officio

State Sealer of Weights and Measures and shall

have the care and custody of authorized public

standards of weights and measures, he shall try

and prove by such standards all weights and

measures, scales and beams, which may belong

to any county, and be sent or brought to him for

that purpose by the county auditor, and shall

seal such when found to be accurate, by stamping on them the letter "I," with a seal which

he shall have and keep for that purpose.

The county auditor of each county shall have

the care and custody of the county standards.

He shall procure at the expense of the county,

when not already provided, full sets of weights

and measures, scales and beams which he shall cause to be tried, proved and sealed by the State

standards under the direction of the Secretary

of State. The county commissioners of each

county shall be the county sealers of weights

and measures for their respective districts.

The county auditor shall authorize and instruct

the county commissioners of their county in re - gard to testing and verifying weights and meas - ures within said county and shall furnish said

commissioners with a copy of this act, and each

commissioner shall immediately post in two

10

12

13

14

16

16

17

18

19

20

22

23

24

26

27

29

30

31

32

33

Uniform standard of weights and measures.

State sealer and In- spector.

Custody of county

standards.

County comni issloners

to act as sealers.

19150—05- 113
114

IDAHO.

WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject. Provisions. Date. Reference.

TcNtiuf local iieislits and measures.

Schedule of fees.

Expenses to be

charced to couutv.

Penalty for failure

to hare irelehts. measures, or scales

tested.

3* conspicuous places in his district notices of his

35 authority and readiness to act as inspector and

36 sealer of weights and measui'es.

3J That the said county sealers shall try and

38 prove all weights and measures, scales and

39 beams within the respective districts twice each

40 year, and when the same are found or made to

n conform to the legal standard they shall seal

42 and mark such weights and measures with a

43 seal to he .kept by them for that purpose.

a That the State and county sealers of weights « and measures in this State shall charge for testae ing and sealing any beam or scale the sum of

4J fifty cents, and for each and every weight or

48 measure ten cents, for sealing or marking liquid

49 and dry measures if the same be a gallon or

50 more ten cents; if less than a gallon five cents;

51 they shall also be entitled to reasonable com5-' pensation for making such weights and meas53 ures conform to the standards established by

54 this act.

55 That the expense justly chargeable to any

56 county in this State, incurred in and immedi5' ately connected with the procm'ing of county

58 standards of weights and measures and noticing

59 and advertising the same in furtherance of the

60 provisions and intentions of this act shall on

61 presentation of proper and sufficient vouchers

62 be accepted and paid by said county.

63 That any person in this State who shall,

64 thirty days subsequent lo published notices

65 from the sealers of weights and measures as

66 provided in section four of this act, be found

6J using any false or fraudulent beams, scale

68 weights or measures and who shall fail or neg69 lect on written notice of the same, from any

'0 person so aggrieved or in any way cognizant

51 thereof, to have said imperfect beams, weights, " measures and scales duly inspected and by

1903

Mar. 6
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES. 115

IDAHO.

Reference. Date. Provisions. Subject.

1903

Mar. 6

of the following articles

proper authority adjusted and sealed, or who 73 shall use the same scales, weights or measures,

subsequent to said notice without correction or adjustment, as provided in this act, shall be

liable to an action in law at the penalty of

twenty dollars for each offense. Said penalty

to be paid into the county fund.

That the Secretary of State and each and

every county sealer of weights and measures in

this State, shall, before entering upon the performance of any official duty described or implied in this act, take and subscribe the following

oath, "I do swear (or affirm) that I will

not seal or give any certificate of correction for

any scale, weight or measure, that does not as nearly as possible agree with the standard in my

keeping, as the standard of the State of Idaho,

and of the United States, and I will to the best

of my ability execute and discharge truthfully

and faithfully the trusts imposed upon me, so help me God," which oath or affirmation shall

be filed in the office of the Secretary of State.

In the sale of fruits, vegetables and other

articles sold by measure two thousand five

hundred and sixty -four cubic inches shall constitute a bushel. The hundred weight shall

consist of one hundred pounds, and twenty such

weights shall constitute a ton. Whenever any loo

74

75

70

77

78

79

80

81

82

83

84

86

87

88

90

91

92

93

94

95

96

97

98

99

shall be contracted for 101 or sold or delivered and no special contract ^or

agreement shall be made to the contrary, the

weight per bushel shall be as follows, to-wit: i«* Wheat sixty lbs ; clover sixty lbs ; rye or Indian i«6 corn fifty-six lbs; oats thirty-six lbs; barley i«6 forty -eight lbs ; buckwheat 1:orty -two lbs ; dried lo? apples, prunes or peaches twenty-eight pounds;

potatoes sixty lbs ; green apples, pears or prunes

forty -five lbs; flax seed fifty -six lbs.

102

103

108

109

Penalty.

Oath of sealer.

110

Standard bushel.

Hundred freight.

Ton.

Bushels of produce.
116

IDAHO. WEIGHTS AND MEASUEES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject. Provisions. Date. Eeference.

Short weight or overTf eight in p n r - chases.

Penalty.

False Trelghts and

measnres.

Cslng false weights

or measures.

Stamplngfalsewelght

on packages.

Weight by ton or pound.

Who ever in buying any of the said articles

mentioned in the preceding section shall take

any greater number of pounds thereof to the

bushel, or in selling any of said articles shall

give any less number of pounds thereof to the

bushel, than is allowed by said section with

intent to gain advantage thereby except when

expressly authorized so to do by special contract

or agreement to that effect shall be liable to the

party injured for double the value of property

so wrongfully taken or not given and ten dollars

in addition, to be recovered in any court of competent jurisdiction.

Whereas an emergency exists therefore this

act shall take effect and be in force from and

after its passage and approval by the Governor.

A false weight or measure is one which does

not conform to the standard established by the

laws of the United States of America.

Every person who knowingly sells any goods,

wares or merchandise, or any valuable thing, by

false weight or measure, or knowingly uses false

measures at any mill in taking toll for grinding

corn, wheat, rye, or other grain, is guilty of a misdemeanor.

Every person who uses any weights or measures, knowing it to be false, by which another

is defrauded or otherwise injured, is guilty of a misdemeanor.

Every person who knowingly marks or stamps

false or short weight or measure, or false tare,

on any cask or package, or knowingly sells or

offers for sale, any cask or package so marked,

is guilty of a misdemeanor.

In all sales of coal, hay, and other commodities, usually sold by the ton or fractional part

thereof, the seller must give to the purchaser

full weight, at the rate of two thousand pounds

1903 Idaho S e s

•

slon Laws

(1903), p. 89.

Sec. 11.

1887

Sec. 12.

Revised Statutes, 1887, TitleXll,p.

762. chap. IX.

Sec. 7105.

Sec. 7106.

Sec. 7107.

Sec. 7108.

Sec. 7109.
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES. 117

IDAHO.

Date. Provisions. Subject.

1887 to the ton; and in all sales of articles which

are sold in commerce by avoirdupois weight, the

seller must give to the purchaser full weight, at

the rate of sixteen ounces to the pound; and

any person violating this section is guilty of a misdemeanor.

Every person, association or corporation, or the agent of any person, association or corporation, engaged in the business of milling, sampling, concentrating, reducing, shipping or purchasing ores, who keeps or uses any false or fraudulent assay scales or weights for ascer- taining the assay value of ore, knowing them

to be false, every person so offending is guilty

of a misdemeanor, and is punishable by a fine

in any sum not exceeding one thousand dollars, or by imprisonment in the county jail for a term of not more than one year, nor less than

one month, or by both such fine and imprisonment.

Every person, corporation or association, or the agent of any person, corporation or association, engaged in milling, sampling, concentrating, reducing, shipping or purchasing of ores in this Territory (State) who in any manner knowingly alters or changes the true value

of any ores delivered to him or them, so as to

deprive the seller of the result of the correct

value of the same or who issues any bill of sale or certificate of purchase that does not exactly

and truthfully state the actual weight, assay

value, and total amount paid for any lot or lots

of ore purchased, or who by any secret understanding or agreement with another, issues a

bill of sale or certificate of purchase that does

not exactly and truthfully state the actual weight,

assay value and total amount paid for any lot or

149

160

161

152

158

154

155

156

168

169

160

161

162

163

164

165

167

168

169

171

172

173

174

175

176

178

180

181

182

183

184

185

Full welgbt mast bn

given.

FrandDlent scales fo^ welgbing or assay- ing ores.

Fraudulent alteration of value of ores.
118

IDAHO. WEIGHTS AND MEASUEE8 OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject. Provisions. Date.

Fraud in sale of ores.

Measuring lumber.

Percli measure of masonry.

86 lots of ore purchased, or who by any secret un87 derstanding or agreement with another issues a

88 bill of sale or certificate of purchase that does

89 not truthfully and correctly set forth the weight,

90 assay value and total amount paid for any lot or

91 lots of ore purchased by him is guilty of a mis92 demeanor, and shall be punished as provided in

93 the preceding section.

9+ Each lumber inspector shall, in person or by

95 deputy, at the request of any owner of logs,

96 timber, or lumber, after a scalement or meas97 urement thereof, make a bill stating therein the

98 number of logs, the number of feet board meas99 ure, contained in such logs or lumber, and the

200 number of feet, cubic running, or board meas201 ure, contained in said timber, and at whose re202 quest the same were scaled or measured, and to

203 whom scaled or measured, a copy of which he

201 shall enter upon the books of his office, to be

205 provided by him and kept for that purpose, with

206 the marks as they occurred upon the logs. A

207 correct bill of the same shall be given to such

208 owner, with a certificate thereto attached that

209 it is a true and correct bill, which bill so certi210 fied shall be presumptive evidence of the facts

211 therein contained and of the correctness of such

212 scalement or measurement in all courts, except

213 in favor of the inspector who made the same.

214 The perch is the standard of stone masonary,

215 and contains sixteen and one -half solid feet.

1887

1903

Mar. 10

1883

Jan. 29
LLLmOIS.

Reference. Date. Provisions. Subject.

Kevlsed Statutes, 1901,

pp. 1815,

ff. , chap.

147.

Sec. 1.

Sec. 2.

Sec. 3.

Sec. 4.

1843 That the weights and measures received from i the United States, and now in charge of the 2 secretary of state, to wit: one yard measure, » one half bushel, one wine gallon, one wine * quart, one wine pint, one wine half pint, one ^ set of avordupois weights, consisting of fifty, e twenty-five, twenty, ten, five, four, three, two ^ and one pounds, and from eight ounces down to » one drachm ; one set of troy weights from five » thousand pennyweights down to a half a grain,

and from one pound down to the ten thousandth ^

part of an ounce, together with the three sets 12 of balances, when received from the United is States, shall be and remain, and be used as "

the sole authorized public standard of weights 15 and measures,

Such weights, measures and balances as may i< be procured, from time to time to replace those 1** before mentioned, shall be preserved in the 19 same form, and of the same dimensions, the

denominations of the weights and measures 21 being marked thereon, respectively; and they 22 shall be sealed with the seal which is kept for -'3 that purpose by the state sealer. 24 All commodities sold by the heaped measure, 2.5 shall be duly heaped up in the form of a cone, 26 the outside of the measure by which the same 27 shall be measured to be the limit of the base 28 of such cone, and such cone to be as high as 29 the article to be measured will admit. so The measures used for measuring dry com- 31 modities, not heaped, shall be stricken with a 32 straight stick or roller, and of the same diameter from end to end. 34

Standards.

State sealer to keep.

Heaped measure.

Measures not heaped.

lis
120

ILL. WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject. Provisions. Date. Reference.

HundredTrelght, ton.

Contracts.

Weight per bushel of produce.

35

36

37

38

39

40

41

42

43

44

45

46

47

48

49

50

51

52

53

54

55

56

57

58

59

60

61

62

63

64

65

66

67

68

69

70

71

72

73

The hundred weight shall consist of one hun - dred pounds, and twenty such hundred weights

shall constitute a ton.

Contracts hereafter to be executed, made

within this state, for any work to be done, or

for anything to be sold, delivered, done or agreed for, by weight or measure, shall be taken

and construed to be made according to the

standard weight and measure thus ascertained.

Whenever any of the following articles shall

be contracted for, or sold, or delivered, and no

special contract or agreement shall be made to

the contrary, the weight per bushel or barrel, or

divisible merchantable quantities of a barrel,

shall be as follows

:

Wheat flour, per barrel, 196 pounds.

Wheat flour, per half barrel, 98 pounds.

Wheat flour, per quarter bar. sack, 49 pounds.

Wheat flour, per eighth bar. sack, 24J lbs.

Corn meal, per bushel sack, 48 pounds.

Corn meal, per half bus. sack, 24 pounds.

Corn meal, per quarter bus. sack, 12 pounds.

Stone coal, per bushel, 80 pounds.

Unslacked lime, per bushel, 80 pounds.

Corn in the ear, per bushel, 70 pounds.

Wheat, per bushel, 60 pounds.

Irish potatoes, per bushel, 60 pounds.

White beans, per bushel, 60 pounds.

Clover seed, per bushel, 60 pounds.

Onions, per bushel, 57 pounds.

Shelled corn, per bushel, 56 pounds.

Rye, per bushel, 56 pounds.

Flax seed, per bushel, 56 pounds.

Sweet potatoes, per bushel, 50 pounds.

Turnips, per bushel, 55 pounds.

Fine salt, per bushel, 55 pounds.

Buckwheat, per bushel, 52 pounds.

Coarse salt, per bushel, 50 pounds.

Barley, per bushel, 48 pounds.

» As amended h}' act approved June IS, 1891. In force July 1, 1891.

1845 Revised

Statutes

,

1901, chap.

147.

Sec. 6.

Amended 1891

Sec. 7.

a
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES. 121

ILL.

Reference. Date. Provisions. Subject.

ReTlsed Statutes, 1901,

chap. 147.

Sec. 7.

1895

1845

Castor beans, per bushel, 46 pounds.

Timothy seed, per bushel, 45 pounds.

Hemp seed, per bushel, 44 pounds.

Malt, per bushel, 38 pounds.

Dried peaches, per bushel, 33 pounds.

Oats, per bushel, 32 pounds.

Dried apples, per bushel, 24 pounds.

Bran, per bushel, 20 pounds.

Blue grass seed, per bushel, 14 pounds.

Hair (plastering) , per bushel, 8 pounds.

Whoever, in buying any of the articles of

property mentioned in the preceding section,

shall take any greater number of pounds thereof

to the bushel, or barrel, or divisible merchantable quantity of a barrel, or in selling any of

said articles, shall give any less number of

pounds thereof to the bushel or barrel, or divisible merchantable quantity of a barrel, than is

allowed by said section, with intent to gain an

advantage thereby, except expressly authorized

so to do by special contract or agreement to

that effect, shall be liable to the party injured in

double the amount of the property so wrongfully taken or not given and ten dollars in

addition thereto, to be recovered in any form of

action, in any court of competent jurisdiction.

The secretary of state shall be ex officio, state

sealer of weights and" measures, and shall have

the care and custody of the authorized public

standards of weights and measures. He shall

try and prove, by such standards, all weights

and measures, scales and beams which may

belong to any county, and be sent or brought to

him for that purpose by the county sealer, and

shall seal such, when found to be accurate, by

stamping on them the letter with a seal

which he shall have and keep for that purpose.

The county clerk of each county shall be the

sealer of weights and measures for the county.

74

75

76

77

78

79

80

81

82

88

89

90

91

92

93

94

95

96

97

9S

99

02

03

04

05

06

07

08

09

10

11

12

Weights per bushel of pruduce.

Penalty.

85

I 86

State sealer.

Duties.

Stamping.

I'onnty sealer.
122

ILl. WEIGHTS AND MEASUEES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject. Provisions. Date.

County standards.

Duty of founty

sealer.

Fees.

Penalty for neglect- ing to test county

standards.

13 and shall have the care and custody of the

1* county standards. He shall procure, at the ex15 pense of the county, when authorized by the

16 county board, and not already provided, a full " set of weights and measures, scales and beams,

18 which he shall cause to be tried, proved and

19 sealed by the state standards, under the direc20 tion of the secretary of state.

21 The several county sealers shall try and prove

22 all weights and measures, scales and beams,

23 when requested so to do ; and when the same

24 are found or made to conform to the legal stand -

25 ards, they shall seal and mark such weights and

26 measures, with a seal to be kept by them for

27 that purpose.

28 The secretary of state and each county sealer

29 shall be entitled to receive for his services, at

30 and after the following rates : For sealing and

31 marking every beam, ten cents ; for sealing and

32 marking measures of extension, at the rate of

33 ten cents per yard, not to exceed fifty cents

34 for any one measure ; for sealing and marking

35 every weight, two cents; for sealing and mark36 ing liquid and dry measures, if the same be of

37 the capacity of a gallon or more, ten cents, or

38 less than a gallon five cents. They shall also be

39 entitled to a reasonable compensation for mak-

*o ing such weights and measures conform to the

41 standard established by this act,

42 Every county clerk who neglects to have the

43 standards under his charge compared and sealed

44 as required by this act, or neglects to keep the

45 same in good order and repair, or who suffers

46 any of them, through his neglect, to be lost,

47 damaged or destroyed, shall forfeit to the county

48 not less than fifty nor more than 200 dollars, to

49 be recovered before any justice of the peace of

60 the county.

1846
WEIGHTS AND MEASUEES OF THE UNITED STATES. 123

ILL.

Reference. Date. Provisions. Subject.

Rerlsed Statutes, 1901,

chap. 147.

Sec. 14.

1846

Sec. 15. 1897

Chap. .^8, Sec. 101. 1845

t'h&p. 24, Art. V,

Sec. 1.

1874

Chap. 93,

Sec. 24a. 1890

Apr. 18

Whoever sells by any other weights, measures,

scales, beams or balances than such as conform

to such standards, shall forfeit a sum not' ex- ceeding $20 for each offense, and when by the

custom of trade they are provided by the buyer,

if he purchases by any other weights, measures,

scales, beams, or balances, he shall be subject

to a like penalty, to be recovered before a justice

of the peace in the name and for the use of the

person complaining.

That the standard of analysis for milk in this

State as to the ingredients and preparations

shall be: Water, eighty -eight per cent; milk

solids, twelve per cent; and such milk solids

shall contain not less than three per cent of

butter fat. When contracts are made for milk

purchased within this State for delivery within

or without this State no other standard shall be

used except by special contract in writing.

If any person shall knowingly sell by false

weights or measures, or shall knowingly use

false measures at any mill, in taking toll for

grinding corn, wheat, rye or other grain, he

shall be deemed a common cheat, and, on conviction, shall be fined not less than $200, and

imprisoned not exceeding three months.

(55) The city council in cities, and president

and the board of trustees in villages, shall have

the following powers: To provide for the inspection and sealing of weights and measures.

(56) To enforce the keeping and use of

proper weights and measures by vendors.

(91) To tax public scales.

The operator of every coal mine where miners

are paid by the weight of their output shall pro - vide at such mine suitable and accurate scales of

standard manufacture for the weighing of such

coal, and a correct record shall be kept of all

Penalty.

Standard of analysis

of milk.

False weljrhts and

measures.

City councils.

Scales for weighing

coal.
124

ILL.

WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject.

Welghman.

Check-nelghman.

Railroad scales.

Provisions.

189 coal so weighed, and said record shall be open

190 at all reasonable hours to the inspection of

191 miners and others interested in the product of

192 said mine.

193 The person authorized to weigh the coal and

19* keep the record as aforesaid shall, before enter

195 ing upon his duties, make and subscribe to an

196 oath before some person duly authorized to

197 administer oaths, that he will accurately weigh

198 and carefully keep a true record of all coal

199 weighed, and such affidavit shall be kept con200 spicuously posted at the place of weighing,

201 It shall be permitted to the miners at work in

2oa any coal mine to employ a check- weighman at

203 their option and at their own expense, whose

201 duty it shall be to balance the scales and see

205 that the coal is properly weighed and that a

206 correct account of the same is kept, and for this

20J purpose he shall have access at all times to the

208 beam box of said scales and be alforded every

209 facility for verifying the weights while the

210 weighing is being done. The check -weighman

211 so employed by the miners, before entering

212 upon his duties, shall make and subscribe to an

213 oath before some person duly authorized to ad214 minister oaths, that he will faithfully discharge

215 his duties as check -weighman, and such oath

216 shall be kept conspicuously posted at the place

217 of weighing.

218 § 2. At all stations or places from which the

219 shipments of grain by the road of such corpo220 ration shall have amounted during the previous

221 year to fifty thousand (50,000) bushels or more,

222 such corporation shall, when required so to do

223 by the persons who are the shippers of the

224 major part of said fifty thousand bushels of

226 grain, erect and keep in good condition for use,

226 and use in weighing grain to be shipped over its

227 road, true and correct scales, of proper struco As amended by act approved May 18, 1877. In force July 1, 1877. L. 1877, p

Date. Reference.

1899

1899

Revised Statutes, 1901,

chap. 147.

Sec. 24b.

Sec. 24c.

1877 Revised Statutes, 1901,

chap. 114.

Sec. 119.a

168.
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES. 125

ILL.

Revised Statutes, 1901,

chap. 114.

Sec. 119.

Date.

1877

Provisions.

ture and capacity for the weighing of grain by

car load in their cars after the same shall have

been loaded. Such corporation shall carefully

and correctly weigh each car upon which grain

shall be shipped from such place or station,

both before and after the same is loaded, and

ascertain and receipt for the true amount of

grain so shipped. If any such corporation shall

neglect or refuse to erect and keep in use such

scales when required to do so as aforesaid, or

shall neglect or refuse to weigh in the manner

aforesaid any grain shipped in bulk from any

station or place, the sworn statement of the

shipper, or his agent having personal knowledge of the amount of grain shipped, shall be

taken as true as to the amount so shipped. In

case any railroad corporation shall neglect or refuse to comply with any of the requirements

of section first, second and fifth of this act, it shall, in addition to the penalties therein provided, forfeit and pay for every such offense and

for each and every day such refusal or neglect is continued the sum of one hundred dollars

($100) , to be recovered in an action of debt be - fore any justice of the peace, in the name of the

People of the State of Illinois, such penalty or

forfeiture to be paid to the county in which the

suit is brought, and shall also be required to

pay all costs of prosecution, including such

reasonable attorney's fees as may be assessed by

the justice before whom the case may be tried.

228

229

230

231

232

233

234

235

236

237

238

239

240

241

242

243

244

245

246

247

248

249

250

251

252

253

254

255

256

257

258

Subject.

Weighing.

Penalties.

Reference. I Date.

Burns' An- notated

Statutes,

litOl, vol.

S, chap.

111. p.

! ;c. s;30.

Sec. 8731.

Sec. 8732.

1853

1885

Provisions.

Each board of county commissioners shall

procure a set of the following measures and

weights: One measure of one foot, or twelve

inches, English measure, so called; also one

measure of three feet, or thirty -six inches as aforesaid; also one -half bushel measure (which

shall contain one thousand and seventy -five and

one -fifth solid inches), and one gallon measure

(which shall contain two hundred and thirty

one solid inches) , which measures are to be

made of wood or of any metal the court may

think jDroper ; also one set of weights commonly

called avoirdupois weights ; which weights and

measures shall be sealed with the name or initial letters of the county, and shall be kept by

the county auditor, for the purpose of trying

and sealing the weights and measures used in

this county.

As soon as such board of county commission - ers shall have furnished the set of weights and

measures as aforesaid, it shall cause notice

thereof to be given, at the court-house door, for

one month ; and any person desirous of having

his weights and measures tried by the county

standard shall apply to the county auditor of the

county in which he shall live, and if they cor- respond with the standard, the county auditor

shall seal them with the seal provided for that

purpose.

The avoirdupois weight of beef or pork in

each barrel shall be two hundred pounds ; and

of flour in each barrel, one hundred and ninety

six pounds; of sorghum molasses, eleven pounds

10

11

13

15

16

17

18

20

21

22

23

25

26

29

30

32

33

Subject.

t'ouuty board to pro- cure standards.

Length.

Capacity.

Weight.

Ji'otice; auditor's duty; sealing.

Standard weights of produce.

127
128

IND. WEIGHTS AND MEASUEES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject.

Legal bushel of grain and other products.

Weight of hushel.

Provisions.

34

35

36

37

38

39

40

41

42

43

44

45

46

47

48

49

50

51

52

53

54

55

56

57

58

59

60

61

62

63

64

65

66

67

68

69

70

71

72

73

to the gallon; of hay or straw, two thousand

pounds shall be given and taken for a ton.

A bushel of the respective articles hereinafter

mentioned shall mean the amount of weight,

avoirdupois, in this section specified as follows

:

Of wheat, sixty pounds

;

Of buckwheat, fifty pounds

;

Of oats, thirty -two pounds;

Of beans, sixty pounds

;

Of potatoes, sixty pounds;

Of clover seed, sixty pounds

;

Of hemp seed, forty -four pounds;

Of blue grass seed, fourteen pounds;

Of castor beans, forty-six pounds;

Of dried peaches, thirty -three pounds;

Of dried apples, twenty -five pounds;

Of onions, forty -eight pounds;

Of salt, fifty pounds

;

Of mineral coal, mined without and sold

within the state, eighty pounds;

Of coal mined within the state, eighty pounds

;

Of timothy seed, forty -five pounds;

Of rye, fifty-six pounds;

Of barley, forty -eight pounds;

Of corn meal, fifty pounds

;

Of cranberries, thirty-three pounds;

Of millet seed, fifty pounds

;

Of orchard grass seed, fourteen pounds;

Of malt rye, thirty -five pounds;

Of middlings, fine, forty pounds;

Of middlings, coarse, thirty pounds;

Of Osage orange, thirty-three pounds;

Of parsnips, fifty -five pounds;

Of sweet potatoes, fifty -five pounds;

Of turnips, fifty-five pounds;

Of pop -corn, seventy pouaads;

Of shelled corn, fifty-six pounds;

Of corn in the ear, seventy pounds, until the

first of December next after it is grown and

after that date, sixty -eight pounds.

Date. Reference.

1853

Amended 1897

Burns' An- no t a t e d Statutes,

1901, TOl. 3, chap.

111.

Sec. 8732.
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES. 129

im.

Eeference. Date. Provisions. Subject.

Annotated

Statutes,

1901.

Sec. 8732a.

1897

Sec. 8733. 1885

Sec. 8733a. 1897

Sec. 873Sb.

Whoever, when buying or selling by weight,

buys or sells any of the foregoing articles or commodities enumerated in section one of this

act, at a measure differing in weight from the

standard of measures therein prescribed and

fixed, shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor,

and upon conviction thereof shall be fined not

more than twenty -five dollars nor less than one

dollar.

All the different kinds of grain, seeds and

articles specified in this act shall hereafter be

given and taken at the several weights affixed

to each standard bushel, and as such shall

be considered a legal tender to fulfill any contract made for the delivery of either of the kinds

of grain, seeds or articles specified in this act. That it shall be unlawful for any person, commission merchant, miller, dealer, grain inspector, corporation, company, firm or association,

either by himself, itself, officer, agent or employe, when purchasing wheat or receiving it in

barter or exchange for flour or otherwise, from

the owner, his agent or employe, to use for the

purpose of testing or determining the weight,

grade, milling or market value of wheat any

measure than the standard half -bushel measure

furnished this state by the United States ; and

the use of any fractional part of said standard

half -bushel measure for such purpose will be a

violation of this section.

It shall be unlawful to use anything other than

a straight stick with the edges square for leveling the wheat in said half -bushel measure, for

the purpose of testing the weight, grade, milling or market value of wheat: Provided, that

the provisions of this act shall not apply to wheat

or grain that is inspected or graded by the car load under the regulations of any board of trade.

19150—05 ^9

74

75

76

77

78

79

80

81

82

83

84

85

86

87

88

89

90

91

92

93

94

95

96

97

98

99

100

101

102

103

104

105

106

107

108

109

110

111

Violation of act; penalty.

Standard busliel to be

a legal tender.

Wlieat, how measured.

Manner of measuring.
130

1]VD. WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject.

Violation of act, penalty.

Short weight.

Selling coal by false weight.

Weight of flour.

Beef and porl<.

Short-weight packages.

Provisions.

Any person violating the provisions of this

act shall be guilty of a misdemeanor, and upon

conviction, shall be fined in any sum not more

than one hundred dollars nor less than ten dollars, to which can be added imprisonment in

the county jail for a period not exceeding six

months in the discretion of the judge or jury

trying the same.

Whoever knowingly sells, or directs or permits any person in his employ to sell, any property, and makes or gives any false or short

weight or measure of such property; and any

person owning or having charge of scales, measures or steel -yards for the purpose of weighing

or measuring any property, who knowingly re- ports any false or untrue weight or measure,

whereby any person may be defrauded or injured, —shall be fined not more than one hundred dollars nor less than ten dollars.

Whoever knowingly sells and delivers any

coal except at the weight and measure prescribed

by law, shall be fined not more than one hundred dollars nor less than five dollars.

The weight of flour in each barrel shall be one

hundred and ninety -six pounds. It shall be

examined with a three-quarter barrel -auger,

and shall be marked of three qualities, the first

to be branded "Superfine," the second "Fine,"

and the third "Coarse."

The weight of beef or pork in each barrel

shall be two hundred pounds. According to the

quality and usage of trade, beef shall be branded

' ' Mess beef '

' and '' Prime beef '' and pork shall

be branded "Mess pork," "Prime pork," and

"Cargo pork."

Whoever packs, brands, or sells, or causes to

be packed, branded, or sold, any salt, beef,

pork, flour, tobacco, or hay, in barrels or packages, as full barrels or packages, when such

Date.

1899

1881

1881

Reference.

Annotated

Statutes,

1901.

Sec. 8733c.

Sec. 2349.

Sec. 2350.

Sec. 7018.

Sec. 7019.

E e T I s e d Statutes,

1881, p. 401.

Sec. 2130.
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES. 133

IXD.

Date. Provisions. Subject.

1889

1891

3iar. 2

any of its requirements, shall, upon conviction

thereof, be fined not more than two hundred

dollars ($200.00) , and in default of payment he

shall be imprisoned three months in the county

jail.

That the owner, operator, agent or lessees of

any coal mine in the State, at which the miners

are paid by weight, shall provide suitable and

accurate scales of standard manufacture for the

weighing of coal, which shall be delivered from

such mine, and such owner, operator, agent or

lessee shall be required to keep United States

standard weights to test said scales.

That at every coal mine in this State where

the coal mined is paid for by weight, it shall be

the duty of the weighman and the check

weighman to examine and balance said scales

every morning, and in no case shall any coal be

weighed until such scales are tested by the

United States standard weight test and found

correct. Said weighman, or check weighman,

shall accurately weigh and record a correct ac- count of the amount weighed of each miner's

car of coal delivered, which record shall be kept

open at all reasonable hours for the inspection

of all miners or others pecuniarily interested in

the product of such mine: Provided, That if

the weighman and check -weighman shall disagree, work may continue until the Mine Inspector can be present, and any erroneous weights made during such time shall be rectified. When difference shall arise between

the weighman and check-weighman, or owners,

operator, agent or lessee of any mine as to the

correctness of the scales, the same shall be

referred to the Mine Inspector, whose duty it shall be to see and regulate the same at once. Whenever the mining of coal is paid for by

weight, the persons employed in mining the

229

230

231

232

233

234

235

236

237

238

239

240

241

242

243

244

245

246

247

248

249

2.50

251

252

253

254

255

256

257

258

259

260

261

262

263

264

265

266

267

Standard scales and

weights for mines.

Duties of Trelghmen.

Miners may keep

Chech lYclcrhman at place of weighing.
134

1>D.

WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UlflTED STATES.

subject. Provisions. Date. Reference.

Checls-weiehman for miners.

Penaltj' for noncomplianfe with this

act.

Miners to be paid on

basis of weight of unscreened coal.

Lesal bnshel of coal.

Legal ton of coal.

Payment for Impnrities not to be re- quired.

Appointment of ofB- cers, inclnding

sealer of weights and measures.

Common conncil to enforce ordinances

regulating sales of hay, wood, coal,

etc.

268

269

270

271

272

273

274

275

276

277

278

279

280

281

282

283

284

285

286

287

288

289

290

291

292

293

294

295

296

297

298

299

300

301

302

303

304

305

806

same shall have the right of selecting and keep - ing in the weight office or at the place of

weighing the coal, a committee of one, to be

known as a check -weighman, who shall be

vested with the same rights as described in section 2 of this act, said check -weighman to be

paid by said miners.

That any owner, operator, agent or lessee,

operating a coal mine in this State, who shall

fail to comply with the provisions of sections 1,

2 and 3 of this act, or who shall obstruct the

carrying out of any of its requirements, shall

upon conviction thereof be fined not less than

twenty dollars ($20) nor more than twenty -five

dollars ($25) for each and every day or part of a day during which such a violation shall continue.

That all coal mined in this State under contract for payment, by the ton or other quantity,

shall be weighed before being screened, and the

full weight thereof shall be credited to the

miner of such coal, and eighty pounds of such

coal as mined shall constitute a bushel, and two

thousand pounds of coal as mined shall constitute a ton : Provided^ That nothing in this act

shall be so construed as to compel payment for

sulphur, rock, slate, black-jack or other impurities, including dirt, which may be loaded with,

or amongst the coal.

At every such first annual meeting the common council shall appoint, by ballot, a chief

engineer of the fire department, three commissioners to form a board of health, and,

in their discretion, a sealer of weights and

measures, * *

* * * * The common council shall have

power to enforce ordinances. * * * Thirty -first. To regulate the selling, weighing and measuring of hay, wood, coal and

other articles.

1891

1901

Acts of 1891,

p. 57. Sec. 3.
IOWA.

IOWA.

Date. Provisions.

The standard weights and measures now in

charge of the secretary of state, furnished by

the government of the United States, shall be

the standard weights and measures throughout

the state.

The unit or standard measure of length and

surface, from which all other measures of extension, whether they be lineal, superficial or solid,

shall be derived and ascertained, shall be the

standard yard now in possession of the secretary

of state, furnished by the government of the

United States. It shall be divided into three

equal parts called feet, and each foot into twelve

equal parts called inches, and for the measure

of cloths and other commodities commonly sold

by the yard, it may be divided into halves,

quarters, eighths, sixteenths. The rod, pole or perch shall contain five and a half such yards,

and the mile, one thousand seven hundred and

sixty such yards.

The acre for land measure shall be measured

horizontally and contain ten square chains, and

be equivalent in area to a rectangle sixteen rods

in length and ten in breadth, six hundred and

forty such acres being contained in a square

mile. The chain for measuring land shall be

twenty -two yards long, and be divided into one

hundred equal parts, called links.

The units or standards of weight, from which

all other weights shall be derived and ascertained, shall be the standard avoirdupois and

troy weights, as furnished this state by the

United States. The avoirdupois pound, which

21

22

23

24

26

26

27

28

80

31

32

33

Subject.

Standards.

Length and surface.

Laud measures.

Weight.

135

*
136

IOWA.

WEIGHTS AND MEASUEES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject. Provisions. Date.

Weight.

Capacity.

Inch of cream.

Substances not

liquids.

Contracts, construction.

Weight of bushel.

3* bears to the troy pound, the ration of seven

35 thousand to five thousand seven hundred and

36 sixty, shall be divided into sixteen equal parts

37 called ounces ; the hundred weight shall consist

38 of one hundred avoirdupois pounds, and twenty

39 hundred weight shall constitute a ton. The

*o troy ounce shall be equal to the twelfth part of a

*i troy pound.

42 The unit or standard measure of capacity for

43 liquids, from which all other measures of liquids

4* shall be derived and ascertained, shall be the

45 standard gallon and its parts, as furnished this

46 state by the government of the United States.

47 The inch or gauge of cream shall be one -half of

48 a standard gallon. The barrel shall be thirty

4» one and a half gallons, and two barrels shall

50 constitute a hogshead.

51 The unit or standard measure of capacity for

52 substances not liquids, from which all other

53 measures of such substances shall be derived

54 and ascertained, shall be the standard half

55 bushel, furnished this state ' by the United

56 States, and the peck, half -peck, quarter-peck,

57 quart, and pint measures, for measuring comes modities not liquids, shall be derived from the

59 half bushel by successively dividing that meas60 ure by two.

61 All contracts hereafter made within this state

62 for work to be done, or for anything to be sold

63 or delivered, by weight or measure, shall be

64 taken and construed according to the standard

65 of weights and measure hereby adopted as the

66 standard of this state.

6' A bushel of the respective articles hereafter

68 mentioned will mean the amount of weight in

69 this section specified:

Pounds.

70 Wheat 60

71 Shelled corn 56

1897

1897
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES. 131

I\D.

Eeference.

Annotated

Statutes,

1901.

Sec. 2131.

Date.

1881

Acts of 1883,

p. 76. Sec. 2.

Sec. 3.

1883

Mar. 3

Provisions.

barrels or packages do not contain the weight i^i which, by law, they are required to contain, 152 shall be fined not more than one hundred dol- 1^3 lars nor less than ten dollars.

Whoever alters or erases any brand or mark 155 of any inspector appointed by proper authority, i^e placed on any barrel of salt, flour, beef, pork, 157 or hogshead of tobacco, or other article author- i58 ized by law to be inspected and branded, shall i«9 be fined not more than one hundred dollars nor le" less than five dollars. i«i That section 4 of the above entitled act, being i«2 section five thousand, four hundred and eighty

of the Revised Statutes of 1881, be so amended le* as to read as follows: Section 4. It shall be the

duty of the mine inspector, in addition to his i^o other duties, to examine all scales used at any i«7 coal mine in this State for the purpose of weigh - les ing coal taken out of said mine ; the same to be i«9 tested by sealed weights, to be furnished to said

mine inspector by .the Auditor of State, the

cost of which is to be audited by the Auditor of

State, and paid out of any money in the State

treasury not otherwise appropriated.

And on inspection, if found incorrect, he shall

notify the owner or agent of any such mine that

the same is incorrect, and, after such notice, it shall be unlawful for any person or agent to use

or suffer the same to be used, until the same is so adjusted that the same will give the true and i8« correct weight. Any person violating the pro- i^i visions of this section, shall, on conviction be 1^2 fined in any sum not less than ten nor more

than one hundred dollars for each day or part is* of a day the same may be used. iss Whenever the mining of coal is paid for by »«« weight, the persons employed in mining the is' same shall have the right of selecting and i8« keeping in the weigh office, or at the place of

170

171

173

174

175

178

179

Subject.

Altering

ntarlcs. inspector's

Penalty.

Mine inspector.

Inspection of scales.

Oliecli weigliman.
132

IJiD. WEIGHTS AND MEASDBES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject.

Standard scales to lie provided for mines.

Duties of weiglinien.

Disaereement as to

welglit.

Miners to appoint

weiglinian if cliecli weigliman is iacli- lus.

Penalty for noncompliance TFitli act.

Provisions. Date. Reference.

190

191

192

193

194

19.5

190

197

198

199

200

201

202

203

204

205

206

207

208

209

210

211

212

213

214

215

216

217

21S

219

220

221

222

223

224

225

226

227

228

weighing the coal, a checkweighman, who shall

have the right to inspect the weighing of the

coal so mined by such miners; the miners to

select and pay their said check -weighman.

That the owner, agent or operator of every

coal mine in this State, at which the miners are paid by weight shall provide suitable and

accurate scales of standard manufacture for the

weighing of coal which shall be delivered from

such mine.

That at every coal mine in this State where

coal is mined by weight it shall be the duty of

the weighman and the check weighman to

examine and balance said scales every morning,

and in no case shall any coal be weighed until

such scales are tested and found correct : Pro - vided, That if the weighman and check weighman shall disagree, work may continue until the

mine -inspector can be present, and any erro- neous weights made during such time shall be

rectified. When differences shall arise between

check weighman and weighman, or owners or agents of the mines, as to the correctness of the

scales, the same shall be referred to the Mine

Inspector, whose duty it shall be to regulate the

same at once, and in the event of said scales

proving to be correct, then the party or parties

applying for the testing thereof shall bear all

costs, but if not correct then the owners or agent of said mine shall pay the cost and charges

of making said examination.

That when there is no check weighman at a

raine, a committee of one selected by the miners

shall be vested with the same rights of check

weighman as described in section 2 of this act. Any owner or agent operating a coal mine in

this State who shall fail to comply with the

provisions of sections 1 and 2 of this act, or who shall obstruct or hinder the carrying out of

1883

1889 Har.ll
WEIGHTS AND MEASUEES OF THE UNITED STATES. 141

IOWA.

Date. Provisions. Subject.

scales correctly balanced, to make true weights,

and to render a correct account to the person

having weighing done. Every scale shall be a

public one for the use of which a charge is

made.

Weighmasters are required to make true

weights and keep a correct register of all weigh - ing done by them, giving the amount of each

weight, date thereof, and the name of the person or persons for whom done, and give, upon

demand, to the person having weighing done,

a certificate, showing the weight, date, and for

whom weighed. Weighmasters or keepers of

public scales kept for the purpose of weighing

stock or grain shall keep a standard of weight,

not less than fifty pounds avoirdupois, for the

purpose of testing such scales, and at least once

a month, or oftener, if requested, make a satisfactory test of the correctness thereof.

Any weighmaster or keeper of public scales,

violating any of the provisions of the two preceding sections, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor

and fined in any sum not over twenty nor less

than five dollars for each offence, and be liable

to the person injured for all damages sustained.

The board of supervisors of each county, as often as may be necessary, shall appoint one

inspector of lumber and shingles, who shall have

power to appoint one or more deputies, for

whose conduct he shall be liable.

Before any inspector or deputy shall enter

upon the duties of his office, he shall take an

oath or affirmation that he will faithfully and

impartially perform the duties required of him

by law, and each inspector shall give bond, with

sureties to be approved by the county auditor,

'in such sum as the board of supervisors may

require, payable to the state, which shall be

deposited with the treasurer of the county, conditioned for the faithful and impartial perform

229

230

231

232

233

234

235

236

237

238

239

240

241

242

243

244

245

246

247

248

249

250

251

252

253

254

255

256

2.57

258

259

260

261

262

263

264

265

266

267

268

Public scale.

Correct weights,

standard for test- ing.

Penalty.

Inspector of shingles and lumber.

Oath, bond.
14:2 WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

IOWA.

'

Subject. Provisions. Date. Reference.

Damages. 269 ance of Ms duties ; and any person who suffers Code of 1897,

p. 1060.

Sec. 3031- 270 iTiiurv bv tbe ino.aDaoitv neffleot or misconduct

of such inspector or his deputy may recover

2'2 damages therefor in an action on such bond, but

such action shall be commenced within one year

27* after the cause of action accrues.

Duties, counterfeit- ing brand. 275 The inspectors or their deputies, within their

2'6 respective counties, shall inspect all lumber,

.277 boards, and shingles, when applied to for that

278 purpose, and when inspected, stamp on the same,

279 with branding irons, made for that purpose, the

280 name of the state and county where inspected,

281 and the kind and quality of the article inspected,

282 which iron shall be made and lettered as directed

288 by the board of supervisors, and every inspector

284 shall make, in a book kept for that purpose,

285 distinct entries of all articles inspected by him

286 or his deputies, with the names of the persons

287 for whom said articles were inspected ; and any

288 person who shall counterfeit said brands or

289 marks or either of them, shall be guilty of

Sec. 3032.

290 forgery, and be punished accordingly.

Sec. ans&. Size of shingles. 291 A shingle shall be sixteen inches in length,

292 four inches wide, half an inch thick at the butt,

293 plpaT" of ^flT* rl pc'if'naf'.prl fls; fiv^t, anH <5PP'nTir1

294 quality, and each bundle branded with the quality

295 and l^XXVA name XXI-A'XXX\_^ of\_/ JL the U XX \J insnector XXXkJ Is^ U X • AllX_ J. X himber X Iw-l-XXX R^f V-'X shall kJXXCA'XX beK_f 296 divided into four qualities and designated as

297 clear, first common, second common, and refusal.

Compensation of su- perintendent. 298 The salary of the sujjerintendent of weights

299 and measures shall be fifty dollars per annum.

Sec. 3034.

Compensation of

sealer. 300 Each sealer of weights and measures shall

301 receive the following fees

:

302 1, For sealing and marking every beam, ten

303 cents.

.ju* j[\ btJciiiug dnu. xnaijiing inedbuieo oi exieii305 sion, at the rate of ten cents per yard, not to

306 exceed fifty cents for any one measure.

307 3. For sealing and marking every weight, five

308 cents.

Sec. 3035.
WEIGHTS AND MEASUEES OF THE UNITED STATES. 137

IOWA.

Date. Provisions. Subject.

Pounds. Corn in the cob 70

Eye 56

Oats 32

Barley 48

Potatoes 60

Beans 60

Bran 20

Clover seed 60

Tunothy seed 45

Flax seed 56

Hemp seed 44

Buckwheat 52

Blue grass seed 14

Castor beans 46

Dried peaches 33

Dried apples 24

Onions 57

Salt 50

Stone coal 80

Charcoal 20

Coke 1 38

Sweet potatoes 46

Lime 80

Sand 130

Hungarian grass seed 50

Millet seed 50

Osage orange seed 32

Sorghum saccharatum seed 30

Broom corn seed 30

Apples, peaches, or quinces 48

Cherries, grapes, currants or gooseberries- 40

Strawberries, rasx)berries or blackberries- 32

The perch of mason work or stone consists of

twenty -five feet cubic measure.

The standard size for all boxes used in packing hops shall be thirty -six inches long, eighteen

inches wide, and twenty -three and one -fourth

inches deep, inside measurement.

72

73

74

75

76

77

78

79

80

81

82

83

84:

85

86

87

88

89

90

91

92

93

94

95

96

97

98

99

100

101

102

103

104

105

106

107

108

109

Weight of bushel.

Perch of mason irork

or stone.

Hop boxes.
138

IOWA. WEIGHTS AND MEASUEES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject. Provisions. Date.

Snperlntendent.

Dntles.

Original standards.

Delivery to successor.

110 A superintendent of weights and measures

111 for the state, who shall possess sufficient learn

112 ing and mechanical skill to perform the duties

113 of the office, shall be appointed by the governor

11* from the board of professors of the university,

115 who shall hold his office during the pleasure of

116 the governor, and give a bond in the penal sum

117 of five thousand dollars conditioned for the

118 faithful discharge of his duties, which bond

119 shall be filed with, and it with the sureties

120 thereon approved by, the secretary of state.

121 He shall have charge of the standards adopted,

122 and keep them in the building furnished by the

128 state, from which they shall in no case be re124 moved. He shall provide the several counties

126 with such standards, balances, and other means

126 of adjustment as may be ordered by them, and

12' as often as once in ten years compare the same

128 with those in his possession, and have a general

129 supervision of the weights and measures of the

130 state. He shall procure and keep for the state

131 a complete set of copies of the original standard

132 of weights and measures, which shall be used

133 for adjusting the county standards and in no

131 case shall the original standards, be used for any

135 other purpose than the adjustment of this set

136 of copies. He shall also procure such apparatus

13J and fixtures as are necessary in the comparison

138 and adjustment of county and town standards.

139 He shall cause to be impressed upon all standards

140 of weights and measures furnished by him the

141 word '

' Iowa ' ' and such other devices as he shall

1*2 direct for the particular county, city or town,

1*3 and the county sealers shall see that, in addition

1** to the above device, there is impressed upon the

1*5 town and city standards such other device as the

1*6 board of supervisors shall direct for them.

147 When the superintendent shall resign, be

148 removed from office, or remove from Iowa City,
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES. 139

IOWA.

Reference. Date. Provisions. Subject.

or when any city, county or town sealer shall

resign, be removed from office, or remove from

the county, city or town in which he shall have

been appointed or elected, the person so resigning, removed or removing shall deliver to his successor in office all the standard beams,

weights and measui'es in his possession.

The board of supervisors of any county may,

at any regular meeting, provide for obtaining

from the state superintendent of weights and

measures such standards of weights and measures as it may be deemed necessary for its

county, and in case it orders such standards it shall appoint a county sealer of weights and

measm'es, who shall hold his office during the

pleasure of the board. The county sealer shall

take charge of the county standai»ds and standard balances, and provide for their safe keeping,

and provide cities and towns with such standard

weights and measures and standard balances as may be wanting, and compare them with those

in his possession as often as once every five

years.

A sealer of weights and measures may be

appointed in any city or town by the council

thereof, who shall hold his office during its

pleasure, and it may obtain from the sealer of

weights and measm-es of the proper county such

standards of weights and measures as may be

necessary ; in case the board of supervisors of a county in which any city or town is situated

has not obtained such standards, then its council may do so. Each sealer in cities and towns

shall take charge and provide for the safe keeping of the town or city standards, and see that

the weights, measures and all apparatus used

for determining the quantity of commodities

used throughout the town or city, which shall

be brought to him for that purpose, agree with

the standards in his possession.

Dellrerj- to successor.

Sealer, duties.

Sealer for cities and

towns.
140

IOWA. WEIGHTS AND MEASUEES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject. Provision?. Date.

Expenses.

Delivery to successor, penalty.

Uslner false weights

or measures.

Penalty.

Welghniasters of public scales.

189

190

191

192

193

194

195

196

197

198

199

200

201

202

203

204

205

206

207

208

209

210

211

212

213

214

215

216

217

218

219

220

221

222

223

224

225

226

227

228

All expenses directly incurred in furnishing

the several counties, cities and towns with

standards, or in comparing those that may be

in their possession, shall be borne by them.

In case of the death of any sealer of weights

and measures, his representatives shall deliver

to his successor in office such beams, weights

and measures, and, in case of refusal or neglect

to do so, the successor in office may maintain an

action against the person so refusing or neglecting, and recover for the use of such county, city or town double the value thereof, and in every

such action in which judgment shall be ren- dered for the plaintiff he shall recover double

costs.

If any person shall hereafter use any weights,

measures, beams or other apparatus for determining the quantity of commodities, which shall

not be conformable to the standards of this

state, in any counties whose standards have been

obtained by the board of supervisors, or in any

city or town after such standards have been ob - tained therein, whereby any person shall be injured or defrauded, he shall pay five dollars for

each offence, to be collected by the county, city, or town sealer, and shall be liable to the person

defrauded in treble damages and costs. Every

person keeping any store, grocery or other place

for the sale or purchase of such commodities as are usually sold by weight or measure, shall,

once in each year, procure the weights and

measures used by him to be compared with the

standard herein provided, and be subject to a penalty of five dollars for every neglect to comply with this provision, to be recovered by any

one who shall prosecute therefor.

All persons keeping public scales, before

entering upon their duties as weighmasters,

shall be sworn, before some person having

authority to administer oaths, to keep their
WEIGHTS AND MEASUEES OF THE UNITED STATES. 143

IOWA.

Reterence. Date. Provisions. Subject.

Code of 1897.

*

Sec. 3036.

Sec. 5044.

Sec. 6045.

Sec. 6070.

4. For sealing and marking liquid and dry 309 measures, five cents for each measure. 3i»

5. He shall also be entitled to a reasonable an compensation for making weights and measures 812 conform to the standards in his possession. sis The inspector of lumber and shingles shall si* receive : 315

1. For inspecting and measuring lumber, for 316 each thousand feet, board measure, fifteen cents. ^^'^

2. For inspecting shingles, for each thousand,

fifteen cents. 319 If any person, with intent to defraud, use a 320 false balance, weight or measure in the weigh- 321 ing or measuring of anything whatever that is 322 purchased, sold, bartered, shipped, or delivered 323 for sale or barter, or that is pledged or given in 324 payment, he shall be fined not exceeding five 325 hundred nor less than fifty dollars, or be im- 326 prisoned in the county jail not more than six 327 months, or both, 328 The magistrate granting a warrant of arrest 329 under the preceding section must also direct the 330 seizure of the false weights, balances or meas- 331 ures, and if the party be convicted, or they are 332 found to be false, they shall be forfeited to the 333 county, and after being made of the standard 334 weight or measure, may be sold, and the money 335 arising from such sale must be paid into the 336 county treasury. 337 Where fiour, meal, or other mill products are 338 sold by the sack or package purporting to weigh 339 a certain number of pounds, the weight of such 340 sack or package shall be plainly marked or 341 stamped thereon ; and if any such sack or pack- 342 age sold shall weigh less than the amount so 343 marked, the person selling the same shall be 344 fined not less than five nor more than twenty- 345 five dollars. 346

Compensation for

sealer.

Compensatton of In- spector of lumber.

False weights and

measures.

Seizure.

Weight of packages,

flour.
Si
ka:s'sas.

Ki>"S.

Eeference. Date. Provisions. Subject.

General Statutes, 1901,

chap. 116,

p. 1603.

Sec. 7920.

1868 Amended 1886

I

I

187

1868

1886

Sec. 7923. 1868

1886

19150—05

The weights and measures received from the

United States by the state university shall be

placed in charge of the chancellor of the state

university, and shall be and remain and be used

as the sole authorized public standard of weights

and measures.

Such weights, measures and balances as may

be procured from time to time to replace those

before mentioned shall be preserved in the same

form and of the same dimensions, the denominations of the weights and measures being

marked thereon respectively, and they shall be

sealed with the seal which is kept for that pur - pose by the state sealer.

The chancellor of the state university shall be

ex officio state sealer of weights and measures

and shall have the care and custody of the authorized public standards of weights and measures. He shall try and prove by such standards

all weights and measures, scales and beams,

which may belong to any county and be sent or brought to him for that purpose by the county

sealer, and shall seal such, when found to be

accurate, by stamping on them the letter "K"

with a seal which he shall have and keep for

that purpose.

The county clerk of each county shall be the

sealer of weights and measures for the county,

and shall have the care and custody of the county

standards. He shall procure at the expense of

the county, when not already provided, a full

10

10

11

12

13

14

1.5

16

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

27

28

30

31

Weights

nres. and measSealed.

State sealer.

Conntj- sealer.

145
146

KANS. WEIGHTS AND MEASUEES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject. Provisions. Date.

County standards.

Proved, when.

Compensation.

Sealing and marking.

Adjusting.

Penalty for neglect.

Penalty for using

false standards.

32

33

34

3.5

36

37

38

39

40

41

42

43

44

45

46

47

48

49

50

51

52

53

54

55

66

57

58

59

60

61

62

63

64

65

66

67

68

69

70

set of weights and measures, scales and beams,

which he shall cause to be tried, proved and

sealed by the state standards, under the direction of the chancellor of the state university.

The several county sealers shall try and prove

all weights and measures, scales and beams,

when requested so to do ; and when the same

are found or made to conform to the legal standards they shall seal and mark such weights and

measures with a seal to be kept by them for that

purpose.

The state, county and township sealers shall

be entitled to receive for their services at and

after the following rates : For sealing and marking every beam, ten cents; for sealing and

marking measures of extension, at the rate of

ten cents per yard, not to exceed fifty cents for

any one measure ; for sealing and marking every

weight, two cents; for sealing and marking

liquid and dry measures, if the same be of a capacity of a gallon or more, ten cents ; of less

than a gallon, five cents. They shall also be

entitled to a reasonable compensation for making

such weights and measures conform to the

standard established by this act. Every county clerk who neglects to have the

standards under his charge compared and sealed

as required by this act, or neglects to keep the

same in good order and repair, or who suffers

any of them through his neglect to be lost, damaged or destroyed, shall forfeit to the county

not less than fifty dollars nor more than two

hundred dollars, to be recovered before any

justice of the peace of the county.

Whoever sells by any other weights, scales,

measures, beams or balances than such as con- form to the standards shall forfeit a sum not

exceeding twenty dollars for each offense ; and

when by the custom of trade they are provided

1868

1886

1877

Uar. 10

1877
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES. 147

KAXS.

Reference. Date. Provisions. Subject.

General Statutes, 1901,

chap. 116,

p. 1604.

Sec. 792<.

Sec. 7928.

1877

Mar. 10

Sec. 7929.

Sec. 7930. 1889

1897

by the buyer, if be purchase by any other

weights, measures, scales, beams or balances,

he shall be subject to a like penalty, to be re- covered before a justice of the peace in the name

and for the use of the person complaining.

In the sale of charcoal, fruits, vegetables, and

all other articles sold by heaped measure, one

thousand two hundred and eightj^-two (1,282)

cubic inches shall constitute a half -bushel.

The hundred -weight shall consist of 100

pounds, and twenty such hundred -weight shall

constitute a ton.

Whenever any of the following articles shall

be contracted for, or sold or delivered, and no

special contract or agreement shall be made to

the contrary, the weight per bushel shall be as follows: Wheat, sixty pounds; rye, fifty -six

pounds; Indian corn, shelled, fifty- six pounds;

Indian corn, in the ear, seventy pounds; rice

corn, fifty -six pounds; sorghum seed, fifty -six

pounds ; buckwheat , fifty pounds ; barley, forty - eight pounds; malt, thirty -two pounds; oats,

thirty -two pounds ; bran, twenty pounds ; corn

meal, fifty pounds; beans, sixty pounds; clover

seed, sixty pounds; Hungarian and millet seed,

fifty pounds; Irish potatoes, sixty pounds;

sweet potatoes, fifty pounds; turnips, fifty- five

pounds; flax seed, fifty- six pounds; onions,

fifty -seven pounds; salt, fifty pounds; castor

beans, forty -six pounds; hemp seed, forty -four io« pounds ; native blue grass seed , fourteen pounds

English blue grass seed, twenty -two pounds; ^o-i timothy seed, forty -five pounds; dried peaches, 103 thirty -three pounds; dried apples, twenty -fom' 10* pounds; green apples, forty -eight pounds; 105 stone coal, eighty pounds; unslacked lime, i"6 eighty pounds ; plastering hair, unwashed, eight

pounds; plastering hair, washed, four pounds;

Kaffir corn, fifty -six pounds.

79

86

89

90

92

93

91

95

96

97

98

99

Penalty.

Heaped balf bushel.

Hundredweight

ton. and

Weight per bushel.

109
148

KAIVS. WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject. Provisions. Date. Reference.

Penalty tor accepting

or giving false

measure.

Weight of gallon of various oils.

Penalty.

110

111

112

113

114

115

L16

117

118

119

120

121

122

123

24

125

126

127

128

129

130

131

132

133

134

135

136

137

138

1.39

140

141

142

143

144

145

146

147

148

Whoever in buying any of the articles mentioned in the preceding section shall take any

greater number of pounds thereof to the bushel,

or in selling any of the said articles shall give

any less number of j^ounds thereof to the bushel,

than is allowed by said section, with intent to

gain advantage thereby, except where expressly

authorized so to do by special contract or agreement to that effect, shall be liable to the party

injured in double the amount of the property

so wrongfully taken or not given, and ten dollars in addition thereto, to be recovered in any

court of competent jurisdiction.

Whenever any of the following named articles

shall be contracted for or sold or delivered by

wholesale or in the original package within the

state of Kansas, and no special contract or agreement shall be made to the contrary, such

sale and all such computations for payment and

settlement therefor shall be by weight. The

weight per gallon shall be as follows : Naphtha,

five and three -fourths pounds; kerosene oil, six

and one -half pounds; paraffine oil, seven and

one-half pounds ; castor oil, eight pounds ; olive

oil, seven and five -eighths pounds; linseed oil,

raw, seven and one- half pounds; linseed oil,

boiled, seven and one -half pounds; menhaden

oil, seven and one -half pounds; cod liver oil,

seven and one -half pounds; whale oil, seven

and one -half pounds ; lard oil, seven and onehalf pounds; neat's foot oil, seven and one -half

pounds; sperm oil, seven and one -fourth

pounds; turpentine, seven pounds ; miners' oil, seven and one -half pounds ; gasoline, seven and

one -fourth pounds.

Whoever in buying any of the articles men - tioned in the preceding section shall take any

greater number of pounds thereof to the gallon, or in selling any of the said articles shall give

1877 Oeneral Statutes, 1901.

cliap. 116.

p. 1605.

Sec. 7931.

1885 Mar 14

Sec. 7982.

Sec. 7933.
WEIGHTS AND MEASUEES OF THE UNITED STATES. 149

KANS.

Eeference. Date. Provisions. Subject.

(ieneriil statutes, 1901,

chap. 116,

p. 1605.

Sec. J933.

1885 any less number of pounds to the gallon, than is

allowed in said section, with intent to gain ad- iso vantage thereby, except when expressly authorized so to do by special contract or agreement to 152 that effect, shall be liable to the party injured i^'s in double the amount or value of the property so i«i wrongfully taken or not given, and ten dollars

in addition thereto, to be recovered in any court ise of competent jurisdiction. 157

Penalty.

KENTUCKY.

KT.

Reference. Date. Pro\'isious. Subject.

Carroll's

Kentucky

Statutes,

1903, chap.

134, p. 670.

Sec. 4815.

Sec. 4816.

Sec. 4&17.

Sec. 4S1S.

1903

! The weights, measures, and balances received i from the government of the United States, now 2 in the custody of the secretary of state, shall 3 continue in the custody of that officer, and shall * be the standards of weights^ and measures in this 3 State. 6 The Governor shall cause duplicates of those < weights, measures, and balances to be made » for such counties as may not have the same; «» and upon his written certificate of the cost, the 10 Auditor shall give a warrant on the Treasury "

therefor. 12 The county court of every county not fm'- 13 nished with such duplicates within one year from "

the time this chapter takes effect, or from the 13 time it becomes a county, may, at the expense le of the county, procure the same from the gov- n

ernor, after paying the costs thereof into the is State Treasury, and cause the same to be kept if by some person in the county appointed, from 20 time to time, for that purpose. 21 Any person desirous of having his weights 22 and measiu'es tested, may have the same done 23 by the person appointed to keep such duplicates, 24 who, if he finds them correct, shall seal them 25 with a seal to be provided by the county court 26 for that purpose. For testing any steelyard, 27 balance or beam, he shall receive from the ap- 28 plicant a fee of twenty -five cents, and for test- 29 ing every weight or measure, five cents. But 30 the county court of Jefferson county shall pre- 31 scribe the duties and fix the fees of the sealer 32 of weights and measures in that county. 33

Standard.

Duplicates furnished

counties.

County court may

procure.

Testing weights and

measures.

151
152

KT. WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject. Provisions. Date.

Penalty,

Hundredweight.

Ton.

Bushel. Weight of different articles.

Si Any person who shall buy or sell by any

35 weight, balance or measure, that does not corse resix)nd to and agree with such duplicates, or

3' shall keep the same for the i^m^pose of buying

38 or selling therewith, shall be fined four dollars

39 for every offense, or a like sum for every month

w he may continue to keep the same. " The hundred weight shall consist of one hun - dred pounds avoirdupois, and two thousand such

13 'pounds shall constitute a ton ; and all contracts

*i hereafter made shall be construed accordingly,

unless the contrary be stipulated.

The following weights shall constitute a bushel

of each article named respectively

:

Wheat, sixty pounds.

Shelled corn, fifty -six pounds.

Corn in the ear, seventy pounds from the first

of November to the first of May following,

and from the first of May to the first of

November following, sixty -eight pounds.

Rye, fifty -six pounds.

Oats, shelled, thh'ty-two pounds.

Barley, forty -seven pounds.

Irish potatoes, sixty pounds.

Sweet potatoes, fifty-five pounds.

White beans, sixty pounds.

Castor beans, forty-five pounds.

Clover seed, sixty pounds.

Timothy seed, forty -five pounds.

Flax seed, fifty -six pounds.

Millet seed, fifty pounds.

Peas, sixty pounds.

Blue grass seed, fourteen pounds.

Buckwheat, fifty -six pounds.

Dried apples, twenty -fom' pounds.

Dried peaches, thii'ty-nine pounds.

Onions, fifty -seven pounds.

Bottom onion sets, thirty -six pounds.

Salt, fifty pounds.

1899

45

46

48

49

50

53

54

56

58

59

60

61

62

63

64

66

67

68

69
WEIGHTS AND MEASUKBS OF THE UNITED STATES. 153

KY.

Date. Provisions. Subject.

1903 J3

1898

Mar. 16

Stone coal, seventy -six pounds.

The term coal includes anthracite, cannel,

bituminous and other mined coal.

Bran, twenty pounds.

Plastering hair, eight pounds.

Turnips, sixty pounds.

Unslacked lime, thirty -five pounds.

Corn meal, fifty pounds.

Fine salt, fifty -five pounds.

Hungarian grass seed, fifty pounds.

Ground peas, twenty -four pounds.

Orchard grass seed, fourteen pounds.

English blue grass seed, fourteen pounds.

Hemp seed, forty -four pounds.

One hundred and sixty pounds net of Irish

potatoes shall constitute a merchantable barrel.

Any person selling unscreened coal for

screened coal shall be subject to a fine of not less

than five nor more than twenty dollars, recoverable by warrant before a justice of the peace.

That the hundred weight of hemp shall consist of one hundred pounds avoidupois, and two

thousand such pounds shall constitute a ton,

and all contracts hereafter made shall be so con - strued. Any person violating this act shall be

fined in a sum of not less than one hundred

dollars nor more than five hundred dollars for

each offense.

Legal weights per bushel of certain produce.

76

81

82

83

86

87

88

89

90

91

92

93

94

95

96

97

98

99

Irish potatoes, pounds

to barrel.

Coal, penalty for sell- ing unscreened for screened.

Hemp.

100

LOUISIA^^^A.

LA.

Reference. Date. Provisions. Subject.

B e T i s e d Laws, 1904,

p. 1827.

Sec. 3912.

Sec. 3913.

Sec. 3914.

1855

1904 The Governor at the expense of the state, i shall procure or cause to be procured, one com- 2 plete set of copper weights, to correspond with 3 weights of their like denomination used by the * revenue officers of the United States, in theu' » offices, together with scales for said weights, 6 and a stamp or a seal, with such device as the ' Governor may deem proper; as also one com- » plete set of measures, calculated for dry, liquid 9 and long measures, of the same capacity and 10 length as those of their like denomination used n

by such revenue officers aforesaid ; which set of 1-' weights and measures, together with the scales 13 and stamps, shall be deposited in the office of 1* the Secretary of State to serve as a general i-> standard of weights and measures in this state, le It shall be the duty of the Governor to nomi- i< nate, and, by and with the advice and consent is of the Senate, appoint for each of the four Dis- 19 tricts of the city of New Orleans, a suitable 20 person as the Sealer of Weights and Measures, 21 and he shall appoint in like manner, a person 22 in each of the respective parishes of this State, 23 each of whom shall hold the office for the term 24 of two years. 25 It shall be the duty of the persons thus ap- 26 pointed, to visit all places of business, in their 27 district or parish, for which they are appointed, 28 once in each year, and at any other time when 29 on complaint or by request, their Services may so be required, and to inspect all weights and si measures used in the places of business, and 32 when found to correspond with the standard 33

Standards fixed, how

obtained.

Inspectors, how appointed.

Duties of Inspectors.

155
156 WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

liA.

Subject. Provisions. Date. Reference.

Inspectors' duties.

Neglect of duty; penalty.

Parishes to hare set,

etc.

Xew Orleans to pro- cure set.

Fees ot sealer.

3* of the State, to seal them or give a written cer35 tificate of their correctness; but when found

36 to disagree with the standard of the State, the

37 inspector shall forbid their further use until

38 they shall have been corrected, approved and

39 sealed. It shall also be the duty of the Inspect

40 ors to attend upon all calls made upon them

" for performing the duties of their office.

It shall be the duty of each inspector to see

*3 that no other weights and measures but those

44 established by law be made use within the lim- « its of this State; and in case of negligence or

46 breach on the part of the inspector, he shall be

47 condemned to pay a fine not exceeding two hun -

48 dred nor less than one hundred dollars. The

49 Common Council of New Orleans are authorized

50 to pass regulations or ordinances relative to the

61 police of weights and measures, to insure within

52 the city of New Orleans the execution of this

53 law.

54 Each parish, as soon as practicable, shall be

55 provided, at the expense of such parish, with a

56 set of weights and measures, and a stamp con57 formably to those hereinbefore set forth, the

58 same to be kept by the parish recorder.

59 The inspectors for the four districts of the

60 city of New Orleans shall procure a set of

61 weights and measures at the expense of the

62 city.

63 The appointed sealer of weights and meas64 ures shall be entitled to and receive the follow

65 ing fees

:

66 For each yearly visit and inspection of a full

67 set of steelyards, or of scales with their weights

ui ui udidiicob wim uiieii weigntis, oi oi a ousnei

69 measure and its parts, or of a gallon measure

70 and its parts, or a set of yardsticks, they shall

71 receive twenty-five cents, and no more; for

72 sealing each weight and measure, five cents;

li)04 Revised

Laws, 1904,

p. 1828.

Sec. 3914.

Sec. 3916.

Sec. 3916.

P. 1829.

Sec. 3917.

Sec. 3918.
WEIGHTS AND MEASUEES OF THE UNITED STATES. 157

LA.

Reference. Date. Provisions. Subject.

B e T 1 s e d Laws, 1904,

p. 1829.

Sec. 3918.

Sec. 3919.

Sec. 3920.

Sec. 3921.

1904

P. 1830.

Sec. 3922.

for the examination of each platform scale,

cotton and tobacco scale, and its apparatus,

fifty cents ; and for sealing the same fifty cents

the fees, in all cases, to be paid by the owners

of the weights and measures inspected and

sealed. The stamp shall be impressed, and

payment required for doing the same only on

such as have not been stamped, or such as, having once been stamped, are found so defective as to require to be regulated with the

standard.

In case of vacancy, by death or resignation,

the Governor shall have power to appoint.

The inspectors only shall have the power to

stamp weights and measures, and upon the

stamp shall be the initials of the inspector's

name.

No person shall buy or sell any commodity

whatsoever, by weight or measure, which does

not correspond with the aforesaid standard, or

is not stamped after the said parishes have procured the standard of weights and measures as aforesaid; or shall keep any such weights or measures for the purpose of buying and selling

thereby, under the penalty of fifty dollars for

each offense, besides the forfeiture of the

weights and measures found to be false ; and of a fine of ten dollars when the weights and

measures shall be found to be just, though not

stamped ; said fine to be recovered before any

tribunal of competent jurisdiction, one -half to

the benefit of the informer, and the other half

to the parish in which the offender resides. All

weights and measures seized shall be forfeited

for the benefit of the stamper, who shall not

return them into circulation until he has made

them conformable to his standard.

Whosoever shall make, or cause to be made

use of, or shall utter false stamps or seals, shall.

73

74

75

76

77

78

79

80

81

82

83

84

Pees.

88

89

90

91

92

93

94

95

96

97

98

99

100

101

102

103

104

105

106

107

108

109

110

111

Fllilng- vacancies In

office.

Who has power to stamp.

Sales, etc., to be made by standard.

False stamps, etc.

penalty.
158

LA. WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject. Provisions. Date.

Penalty.

Selling unstamped measures and

weights.

Appointing of Inspector.

Barrel measure.

Coal measure; grain; wheat, corn, oats, barley, and rye.

Quarterly returns to the State treasurer.

on conviction thereof, be subjected to tbe pains

and penalties of forgery under the laws of this

state.

It is forbidden to sell, or cause to be sold,

measures and weights, unless they shall have

been tried and stamped by the person appointed

for that purpose, under the penalties imposed

by the second preceding section.

The person appointed to inspect and seal

weights and measures may employ assistance

when necessary, at their own expense, but shall

not commit their functions to a substitute with - out being subject to dismissal from office by the

Governor.

There shall be in this state a dry measure to

be known under the name of a barrel which

shall, except for the purchase and sale of oysters,

contain three and a quarter bushels, according

to the American Standard, and shall be divided

into half and quarter barrels. But for the sale

of oysters, baskets shall be used which shall

contain one -half of the standard barrel, which

standard barrel shall contain three and a quarter bushels according to this section, said baskets to be stamped according to law.

Coal shall be sold by the barrel or bushel

measure; grain shall be sold by the barrel,

bushel or weight ; the legal weight of a bushel

of wheat shall be sixty pounds ; of a bushel of

corn, fifty-six pounds; of a bushel of oats,

thirty -two pounds ; of a bushel of barley, forty

eight pounds, and of a bushel of rye, fifty -six

pounds.

It shall be the duty of each inspector in the

city of New Orleans, to make quarterly returns,

under oath, to the Treasurer of the State, of

all moneys collected for fines, together with a written statement thereof.

1904
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES. 159

LA.

Reference. Date. Provisions. Subject.

Revised

laws, 1904,

p. 1831.

Sec. 3928.

See. 3929.

1896

Sec. 3930.

Act 80 of

1902. Revised

Laws, 1904,

pp. 1831-2.

1877 Amended 1902

Inspection of flour and weights and measures

for the town of Washington. See Section 1872."

Appointment of inspectors. See sec. 3924.

The Governor shall, by and with the advice

and consent of the Senate, appoint for the parish of Orleans, on the right bank of the river, a

suitable person as a sealer of weights and measures, who shall hold the office for the term of

two'' years.

An act relative to the inspection of weights

and measures for that portion of the parish of

Orleans known as the sixth and seventh districts.

§ 1. That the Governor nominate, and by and

with the advice and consent of the Senate, appoint for the Sixth and Seventh Districts of the

parish of Orleans a suitable person as a sealer

of weights and measures, who shall hold office

for the term of four years.

§ 2. That the said person so appointed shall

perform the duties of said office in accordance

with the provisions of the Act No. 70, session

acts of 1868, approved September 9, 1868.

§ 3. That this act shall take effect from and

after its passage, and that all laws conflicting

therewith be and the same are hereby repealed.

(Act 70 referred to in above is now R, S. 3930

to 3940.)

It shall be the duty of the person appointed

to visit all places of business in his district once

in each year, and at any other time when on

complaint or by request, his services may be

required, and to inspect all weights and measures in places of business, and when found to

correspond with the standard of the state, to

seal them, or give a written certificate of their

Sec. 1872. The Governor, with the advice and consent of the Senate, shall appoint an

shall also fulfill the duties of Inspector of Weights and jNIeasures, for the town of Washing

pensation and penalties shall be the same as are now prescribed and are allowed by the exis same in the city of New Orleans.

t> See line 168.

'

"Sec. 3931.

Inspectiou of flour,

etc.

Appointment of

sealer.

Inspection of weights and measures.

nspector of Flour, who

on, whose duties, coming laws regulating the
160

LA. WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject. Provisions. Date.

Inspection.

Inspector authorized

to procure set.

Fees of sealer.

Vacancies.

Fees, by whom paid.

Duties of parochial

authorities.

Coal and colie boat gangers, etc.

86

87

88

89

90

91

92

93

94

95

96

97

98

99

00

201

202

203

204

205

206

207

208

209

210

211

212

213

214

215

216

217

218

219

220

221

222

223

224

correctness ; but when found to disagree with

the standard of the State the inspector shall

forbid their further use until they shall have

been corrected, approved and sealed. It shall

also be the duty of said inspector to attend upon

all calls made upon him for performing the

duties of said office.

The inspector for said parish on the right

bank shall be authorized to procure a set of

weights and measures at the expense of the

parochial authorities thereof.

The person appointed sealer of weights and

measui-es shall be entitled to receive similar

fees to those paid to the inspectors of the city

of New Orleans.

In case of vacancy by death or resignation,

the Governor shall have power to appoint, as provided in section 3930 of this act. Power of inspector ; use of unstamped weights

and measures prohibited. See Sees. 3920,3921.

Fees in all cases to be paid by the owner of

the weights and measures inspected or sealed

;

the stamp shall be imposed and payment re- quired for doing the same only for such as have

not been stamped or such as having once been

stamped are found so deficient as to require to

be regulated with the standard.

The parochial authorities of said parish are authorized to pass regulations and ordinances

relative to the police of weights and measures

to insure within the said parish of Orleans,

right bank, the execution of this law relative to

weights and measures.

Sale of unstamjDed weights and measures pro - hibited; inspector may employ assistant, etc. See Sees. 3923, 3924.

An Act entitled an act for the appointment

of two coal and coke boat gangers, to fix then'

compensation, and to define their duties.

1868

1888
WEIGHTS AND MEASUEES OF THE UNITED STATES. 161

LA.

Date. Provisions. Subject.

1888

19150—05-

§ 1. That there shall be appointed by the

Governor, by and with the advice and consent

of the Senate, two coal and coke boat gangers,

who shall have their offices in the city of New

Orleans; provided, however, that the governor

shall have the power to remove from office any

coal and coke boat or barge ganger upon satisfactory proof made to him of negligence or official misconduct.

§ 2. Each of said gangers shall give bond, payable to the governor or his successor in office

with two sufficient sureties, in the penal sum of

five thousand dollars, conditioned for the faithful performance of the duties required of him

by law.

§ 3. It shall be the duty of said gangers when

called upon for that purpose, to gauge any coal or coke boat or barge in the port of New Orleans or the state of Louisiana.

§ 4. Such ganging shall consist in reducing

the length, breadth and depth, inside measurement, of boats or barges, deducting all obstructions and displacements, into cubic inches and

dividing said cubic inches by twenty -six hundred and eighty -eight (2688), thus ascertaining

the net measurement in bushels. Two and six

tenths (2 6/10) bushels shall constitute a barrel.

§ 5. In all cases it shall be the duty of the gangers, or either of them, to respond promptly

to any call made for their or either of their

services, and to furnish a full and detailed certificate of gross measurement of the boat or barge gauged, and the allowance made for

obstructions and displacements.

§ 6. The fee for ganging and regauging shall

be ten dollars ($10) , for each boat, and five

dollars for each barge, to be paid by the seller,

except as hereinafter provided. —11

225

226

227

228

229

230

231

232

233

234

235

236

237

238

239

210

241

242

243

244

245

246

247

248

249

2.50

251

252

253

254

255

256

257

258

259

260

261

262

Gangers.

Bond required.

Duty of gangers.

Gauging.

Bushel.

Barrel.

Prompt service.

Fee.
162 WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject. Provisions. Date.

Regauging.

Inspection required.

Tenure of office.

Fees.

Standard barrel and

ton.

Fine.

271

276

278

263 The purchaser of any boat or barge of coal or

261 coke, shall have the privilege of calling upon

the said ganger or gangers to regange boats or

266 barges in all cases where the original gauge is not

267 satisfactory, and such regange shall be adopted

268 as the correct measure. If the original gauge

269 shall be found to be correct, then the purchaser

270 shall pay the fee for regauging ; but if the re -

2-1 gauge shows a less measure, then the seller shall

2'2 pay the fee.

2J3 No boat load of coal or coke shall be sold in

this city or state until it has been inspected as provided for in this act. And any person who

shall sell a boat load of coal or coke that has not

been gauged as aforesaid, shall be liable to a penalty of fifty dollars (50) for each boat or

279 barge so sold, to be recovered, with costs of suit,

280 in any court of competent jurisdiction, for the

281 benefit of the Charity Hospital of New Orleans.

282 The term of office of said gangers shall be four

years. This act to take effect from and after its

passage.

An act to compel the weighing or gauging in

286 the State, of all bituminous or anthracite coal

287 or coke sold in Louisiana by boat, barge or car

load.

That all anthracite or bituminous coal sold in

290 this State, under the direction of the governor

291 by the state Grangers whose fees, duties and

292 responsibilities shall remain as now fixed by law,

293 provided the fee for weighing shall not exceed

294 one cent per ton.

295 That the standard measures for the bitumi296 nous and anthracite coal in this state shall be

283

284

285

288

289

297 the barrel containing 6988 cubic inches and the

298 standard ton of 2000 pounds.

299 That whosoever shall violate the provisions of

300 this act shall be adjudged guilty of a misde301 meanor and shall be fined not less than fifty dol1888

1894
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES. 163

LA.

Date. Provisions. Subject.

1894

1898

1900

1870

lars ($50) , nor more than $100 at the discretion

of the court, for each offense.

Be it enacted by the General Assembly of the

State of Louisiana, That what is known as Scribner's Lumber and Log Book—Doyle's

rules which is as follows

Take four off the diameter of log and multiply the square of half the remainder by the

length of log ; divide the product by four ; quo - tient will show the number of feet contained in

the log ; be and the same is hereby adopted as the standard scale for the measurement of

saw logs; provided that Scribner's rule may be

used by agreement of both parties. Provided

said measurement shall not apply to cypress

timber.

Be it further enacted, etc., That any person

violating the provisions of this act shall be

deemed guilty of a misdemeanor and upon con - viction thereof shall be fined not less than fifty

dollars, nor more than one hundred dollars, or imprisoned in the parish jail not less than thirty

nor more than ninety days.

Be it enacted by the General Assembly of the

State of Louisiana, That what is known as the

Doyle's -rule, or scale, shall be the standard

rule for the measurement of saw logs in this

State; provided, that this act shall not prevent

the use of a different rule or scale when both

the seller and the buyer prefer to use a different scale.

Be it further enacted, etc., That all laws or parts pf laws in conflict herewith are repealed.

That whosoever shall falsify and knowingly

sell any produce or merchandise by short weights

or measure, shall, on conviction, thereof, be imprisoned at hard labor for a period not exceeding

two years, and fined not exceeding two thousand

dollars, at the discretion of the court.

302

303

304

30.T

306

.307

308

309

310

311

312

313

314

31.5

316

317

318

319

320

321

322

323

324

32.5

326

327

328

329

330

331

332

333

334

33.5

336

337

338

339

340

Fine.

Measurement of saw

logs other than cypress.

Act to adopt a stand- ard scale for the measurement of

saw losrs.

False weights and

mcasnrest
I
MAIXE.

ME.

Reference. Date.

1904

Provisions.

The standard of weights and measures

furnished by the United States and adopted by

this state continues the standard of weights

and measures for the state; and the state

sealer of weights and measures shall cause all

such weights and measures of a smaller denomination than those furnished by the United

States, as are necessary to make a complete set,

to be compared and regulated by the standards

aforesaid : and keep, at the expense of the state, a suitable standard balance for gold, and for

avoirdupois weights, to be kept with the weights

and measures at the state house, and used only

for regulating other weights and measures.

Until otherwise provided, the treasurer of

state, shall, at the state's expense, in the manner provided in the preceding section, procm-e

and preserve as publi'.j standards, to be used

only as such, the following measures, beams

and weights, to wit: one bushel, one -half

bushel, one peck, one -half peck, one ale quart,

one wine gallon, one wine half gallon, one wine

quart, one wine pint, one wine half pint, and one

wine gill; said measures shall be made of copper or pewter, conformable in contents to said

standard measures; and the diameter of the

bushel shall not be less than eighteen inches

and a half, containing thuly-two Winchester

quarts ; of the half bushel, not less than thirteen

inches and three-quarters, containing sixteen

Winchester quarts ; of the peck, not less than

ten inches and three-quarters, containing eight

Winchester quarts ; and of the half peck, not less

20

21

2.3

26

28

30

31

32

33

Subject.

standard of weights and measures.

Official tests.

Standard beams,

Treiffhts and measures to be kept by

the treasurer ot

state.

1&5
166

ME. WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OP THE UNITED STATES.

Subject. Provisions. Date.

State standards.

Also by county treas- urers, to be sealed once in ten years by

state standards.

Penalty.

lOTTnseal, and stand- ard of beams,

iveiglits and measures to be kept by treasurers, and

sealed once in ten

years.

3* than nine inches, containing four Winchester

35 quarts ; the admeasurement to be made in each

36 instance in the inside; also one ell, and one

37 yard; one set of brass weights, to four pounds,

38 computed at sixteen ounces to the pound, with

39 fit scales and steel beam ; also a good beam and

*o scales, and a nest of troy weights, from one

+1 hundred and twenty -eight ounces, down to the

least denomination, with the weight of each

*3 weight, and the length of each measure, marked

** or stamped thereon, and sealed with a seal, to

*5 be procured and kept by said treasurer; also

46 one fifty -six pound weight, one twenty -eight

47 pound weight, one fourteen pound weight, and

*8 one seven pound weight, of iron.

49 The treasurer of each county, at the expense

50 thereof, shall have one complete set of beams,

51 and of brass, copper, pewter and iron weights,

52 and of the measures before mentioned, except

53 the bushel measure, proved and sealed by the

54 state standards, and conformable thereto in

55 breadth and contents ; and preserve them for the

56 use of such county only as standards ; and once

5' in every ten years, from July one, eighteen

58 hundred and thirty -nine, he shall have them

59 compared, proved and sealed by the state stand

60 ards ; for each neglect of said duty, he forfeits

61 two hundred dollars to the state, to be recovered

62 in an action of debt.

63 The treasurers of towns, at the expense there

64 of, shall constantly keep a town seal, and, as

65 town standards, a complete set of beams, weights,

66 and copper and pewter measures, conformable

6J to the state standards, except that the bushel

68 measure, and the half bushel, peck and half

69 peck measures may be of wood instead of copper

'0 or pewter, but of the same dimensions, and

71 except also a nest of troy weights other than

72 those from the lowest denomination to eight

1904
^VEIGHTS AND MEASUEES OF THE UNITED STATES. 167

ME.

Date. Provisions. Subject.

1904 ounces ; they shall cause all beams, weights and

measures, belonging to their towns, to be proved

and sealed by the state or county standards once

in ten years, from July one, eighteen hundred

and forty; and for every neglect of said duty

they forfeit one hundred dollars, half to the

town, and half to the prosecutor.

The municipal officers of each town shall

annually appoint a sealer of weights and measures therein, removable at pleasure, and may

fill vacancies ; for each month's neglect of this

duty, they severally forfeit ten dollars, to be

appropriated as in the preceding section. Any

city may purchase and keep for use scales

for weighing hay and other articles, appoint

weighers, and fix their fees, to be paid by the

purchaser.

Whoever, so appointed and notified thereof,

refuses for seven days to accept the office and be

sworn, forfeits five dollars, half to the town, and

half to the prosecutor; when sworn, he shall re- ceive the standards and seal from the treasurer,

giving a receipt therefor, describing them and

their condition, and therein engaging to re- deliver them at the expiration of his office in

like good order ; and he shall be accountable for

their due preservation while in his possession.

The sealers of weights and measures in the

several cities and towns shall annually give pub -

lie notice by advertisement, or by posting in one

or more public places in their respective cities

and towns notices to all inhabitants or persons

having usual places of business therein and who

use weights, measures or balances for the pur

-

pose of selling any goods, wares, merchandise

or other commodities or for public weighing

to bring in their weights, measures and bal- ances to be adjusted and sealed. Such sealers

shall attend in one or more convenient places

J3

74

75

76

77

78

79

80

81

82

83

84

85

86

87

88

89

90

91

92

93

94

95

96

97

98

99

100

101

10-2

103

104

105

106

107

108

109

110

111

Penalty.

Appointment of seal- ers by town officers and penalties.

-of weighers, by

cities.

Penalty for sealer or weigher not accept- ing office.

To receive and re- ceipt for standards and seal.

Sealers shall give notice of times and

places for sealing.

Weights and measures.
168

ME.

WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject. Provisions. Date. Reference.

Sealers shall visit persons wlio neglect

to comply.

Shall Tisit once a

year, all having

scales and test

same.

All scales, weights and measures may

be tested any time.

If sealer can not seal any weights, etc., he may mark to show inspection.

Use of weights, etc., that can not be ad- justed by sealers, forbidden.

112

113

114

115

116

117

118

119

120

121

122

123

124

125

126

127

128

129

130

131

132

133

134

135

136

137

138

139

140

141

143

143

144

14&

146

147

148

149

150

and shall adjust, seal and record all weights,

measures and balances so brought in.

After giving said notice the said sealers shall

go to the houses, stores and shops of persons

who neglect to comply therewith, and having

entered the same with the assent of the occu- pants thereof, shall adjust and seal their

weights, measures and balances.

Said sealers shall go once a year and oftener

if necessary, to every hay and coal scale, to

every platform balance within their respective

cities and towns that cannot be easily or conveniently removed, and shall test the accuracy

of and adjust and seal the same.

All persons using any scales, weights or measures for the purpose of buying or selling any

commodity, may, when they desire it, have the

same tested and sealed by the sealers of weights

and measures at the office of any of said sealers.

In case a sealer of weights and measures cannot seal any weights, measures and balances in

the manner before provided, he may mark them

with a stencil, or by other suitable means so as

to show that they have been inspected ; but he

shall in no case seal or mark as correct any

weights, measures or balances which do not

conform to the standards. If such weights,

measures or balances can be readily adjusted by

such means as he has at hand, he may adjust

and seal them; but if they cannot be readily

adjusted, he shall affix to such weights, measures or balances a notice, forbidding their use

until he is satisfied that they have been so adjusted as to conform to the standards; and

whoever removes said notice without consent of

the officer affixing the same, shall for each

offense forfeit a sum not exceeding fifty dollars,

one -half to the use of the city or town and onehalf to the use of the complainant.

1904
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES. 1(39

ME.

Date. Provisions. Subject.

A sealer when visiting the place of business

of any person for the purpose of testing any

weights, measures or balances, may use for that

purpose such weights, measures or balances as he can conveniently carry with him, and each

city and town shall furnish its sealer with one

or more duplicate sets of weights, measures

and balances, which shall at all times be kept

to conform to the standards furnished by the

state, and all weights, measures and balances so sealed shall be deemed to be legally sealed the

same as if tested and sealed with the standard

weights, measures and balances.

A sealer of weights and measures may seize

without a warrant such weights, measures or balances as may be necessary to be used as evidence in cases of violation of the law relating to

the sealing of weights and measures, such

weights, measures or balances to be returned to

the owners, or forfeited as the court may direct.

When a complaint is made to a sealer of

weights and measures by any person that he

has reasonable cause to believe or when such

sealer himself has reasonable cause to believe

that a weight, measure or balance used in the

sale of any commodity within his city or town

is incorrect, the said sealer shall go to the

place where such weight, measure or balance is

and shall test the same, and mark it according to

the result of the test applied thereto ; and if the

same is incorrect and cannot be adjusted, the

said sealer shall attach a notice thereto, certifying that fact, and forbidding the use thereof until

it has been made to conform to the authorized

standard. Any person using a weight, measure

or balance after a sealer has demanded permission to test the same, and has been refused such

permission shall be liable to a penalty of not less

than ten, nor more than one hundred dollars. 89

Sealer shall be fur- nished with appli- ances for testing weights, etc., by

towns and cities.

64 False weights and

measures may be

seized.

Proceedings, when

complaint Is made, that incorrect

weight, etc., are being used.

Penalty for using

weight, etc., after refusal of permission to test.
170

ME. WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject. Provisions. Date.

HOTT incorrect

weights, etc., shall be stamped.

Scales shall be sealed before sale or use.

Measures for articles sold by heaped

measure, to con - form to standard.

Twenty-liTe pounds

shall be a quarter, and so on.

Penalty for using any

false weights, etc.

Penalty for u s i n g

weights, etc., which

have not been sealed.

190

191

192

193

194

195

19G

197

198

199

200

201

202

203

204

205

206

207

208

209

210

211

212

213

214

215

216

217

218

219

220

221

222

223

224

225

226

227

All weights, measures and balances that cannot be made to conform to the standard shall be

stamped "condemned" or "CD" by the sealer,

and no person shall thereafter use the same

under the penalties provided in the case of the use of false weights and measures.

Before any weights, measures, scales, steelyards, beams or balances are offered for sale or used, they shall be sealed by a public sealer of

weights and measures.

All measures, by which fruit and other things,

usually sold by heaped measure, are sold, shall

be conformable in capacity and breadth, to the

public standard. Such articles as are sold or exchanged in any market or town in the state ^ by gross or avoirdupois weight, shall be sold or exchanged as follows: twenty -five avoirdupois

pounds constitute one quarter; four quarters,

one hundred; and twenty hundreds, one ton;

and all other articles, usually sold by tale, shall

be sold by decimal hundred.

Whoever knowingly uses a false weight,

measure, scale, balance or beam, or after a weight, measure, scale, balance or beam has

been adjusted and sealed, alters it so that it does

not conform to the public standard and fraudulently makes use of it, shall forfeit for each

offense fifty dollars, one -half to the use of the

city or town and one -half to the use of the complainant ; and every sealer who has reasonable

cause to believe that a weight, measure, scale,

balance or beam has been altered since it was

last adjusted and sealed shall enter the premises in which it is kept or used and shall examine the same.

Whoever sells by any other weights, measures,

scales, beams or balances than those which have

been sealed as before provided, shall forfeit a sum

not exceeding twenty dollars for each offense.

1904
WEIGHTS AND MEASUEES OF THE UNITED STATES. 171

DIE.

Date. Provisions. Subject.

1904 and when by the custom of trade such weights,

measures, scales, beams or balances are provided by the buyer, he shall, if he purchases by

any other, be subject to a like penalty to be

recovered by an action of tort to the use of the

complainant.

The city council of a city may by ordinance,

and a town may by by-law, provide that the

sealer of weights and measures for their city or town shall be paid by a salary, and that he

shall account for and pay into the treasury of

the city or town the fees received by him by

virtue of his office; and where such salary is

paid no fees shall be charged for services ren- dered under section seven. All nursery stock shipped into the state from

any other state, country or province shall bear

on each box or package a certificate that the

contents of said box or package have been inspected by a duly authorized inspecting officer,

and that said contents appear to be free from

all dangerous insects or diseases. If nursery

stock is brought into the state without such a

certificate, the consignee shall return it to the

consignor at the expense of the latter ; provided.,

however., that any box or package bearing a certificate of fumigation, which shall be an affidavit

made before a justice of the peace that all stock

sold by the consignor has been fumigated in a manner approved by the state nursery inspector

of the state from which said nursery stock is

shipped, the same may be accepted as though

bearing a proper certificate of inspection.

Any transportation company which shall bring

into this state any nursery stock, such as trees,

shrubs, vines, cuttings or buds, and any transportation company, owner or owners of nursery

stock, or persons selling nursery stock as thus

defined, who shall transport such stock or cause

229

230

231

232

233

234

235

23<>

237

238

239

240

241

242

243

244

245

240

247

248

249

250

251

252

253

254

255

250

257

258

259

260

261

262

263

264

265

266

267

Sealer may be paid

salary and fees paid

Into treasury.

Inspection of nursery

stock. —n ursery stock

brought into the

state witliout certificate of Inspection, shall be re- turned.

-proviso.

Penalty for transporting or selling uninspected u u r sery stock.
172

ME. WEIGHTS AND MEASUEES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject. Provisions. Date. Reference.

Prosecutions.

Suspected presence of injurious Insects

shall be reported to commissioner of agriculture.

Duty of commissioner of agriculture.

May enter private or public grounds to treat trees.

Pressed hay, how to be marked.

268

269

270

271

272

273

274

275

276

277

278

279

280

281

282

283

284

285

286

287

288

289

290

291

292

293

294

295

296

297

298

299

300

301

302

303

304

305

306

it to be transported within the state, the same

not having attached to each box or package an

unexpired official certificate of inspection or an

affidavit of fumigation, which shall meet the

requirements specified in the preceding section,

shall be punished by a fine not exceeding one

hundred dollars for each offense. The commissioner of agriculture shall institute prosecutions

to enforce the penalty j)rescribed in this section.

If any person in the state suspects the presence of San Jose scale or other injurious insects or diseases preying upon trees, shrubs or vines

in his possession or within his knowledge, he

shall forthwith notify the commissioner of agriculture to that effect; and said commissioner

shall cause the said trees, shrubs or vines to be

inspected by a competent entomologist, who

shall forthwith make a report of the results of

his inspection and file the same with the commissioner of agriculture at Augusta. If dangerous insects or injurious diseases are found by

the entomologist, the commissioner shall publish the report of the same, and see that the best

known treatment is applied to such trees, shrubs

or vines for the destruction of the insects or dis- eases with which the same may be infested. For

the above purposes the commissioner of agriculture or his employees may enter private or pub -

lie grounds and treat any trees, shrubs or vines

that may be infested with dangerous insects or injurious diseases.

All hay pressed and put up in bundles, except

hay pressed by farmers and retailed from their

own barns, shall have the first letter of the

christian name and the whole of the surname

of the person putting up the same, written,

printed or stamped on bands or boards made

fast thereto, with the name of the state and the

place where such person lives. Whoever offers
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES. 173

HE.

Eeference. ' Date. Provisions. Subject.

344

Standard

fixed.

for sale or shipment any pressed hay not marked so: as aforesaid, except hay pressed by farmers and sos retailed from their own barns, forfeits one dol- sof Penalty lar for each bale so olfered, to be recovered by sio complaint. ISTo person who has received hay

not marked as j^rovided in this section shall

defend any action for the price thereof upon 313 that gronnd, nnless he shall prove that, before 31* the delivery of said hay to him, he requested sio the person from whom he bought the same to 316 comply with the provisions of this section. si; The standard weight of a bushel of potatoes, sis in good order and fit for shipping, is sixty 319 pounds; of apples, in good order and fit for the 320 market, forty-four pounds; of wheat, sixty 321 pounds; of corn, fifty -six pounds; of barley 322 and buckwheat, forty -eight pounds; of carrots, 323 fifty pounds ; of onions in good order and fit for 324 shipping, fifty -two pounds; of ruta baga, sugar 325 beets, mangel wurzel, and tm'nip beets, in like 326 condition, sixty pounds; of English turnips, in 327 like condition, fifty pounds ; of parsnips, in like 32s condition, forty -five pounds; of beans, in like 329 condition, sixty pounds; of peas, sixty pounds ; 330 of rye and Indian meal, fifty pounds; of oats, 331 thirty-two pounds; of Turk's Island, or other 332 coarse grades of salt, seventy pounds, and of 333 Liverpool, or other fine grades, sixty pounds; 334 and of hair used in masonry, well dried and 33.5 cleansed, eleven pounds; and the measure of 336 each of these articles shall be determined as 337 aforesaid at the request of the vendor or vendee ; 338 and if either party refuses so to do, he forfeits 339 twenty cents for each bushel, to the person 340 prosecuting therefor within thu-ty days. 341 The standard weight of a bushel of herdsgrass 342 seed, when well cleaned and in good condition, 343 is forty -five pounds.

The standard weight of a barrel of potatoes, 34,

When person receivins- hay not

marked may defend

action for price.

weight

Herdsgrass seed.

Barrel of potatoes.
174 WEIGHTS AND MEASUKES OF THE UNITED STATES.

HE.

Subject. Provisions. Date. Reference.

Penalty.

in good order and fit for shipping, is one him- s+e dred and sixty -five pounds. Whoever acting »*' for himself or as the employee of another, takes 3*8 more than the standard weight for a barrel of 34«j potatoes, shall forfeit fifty cents for each barrel, 350 to the person prosecuting therefor within thirty 351 days. 362

Maine Code,

chap. 39.

Sec. 39.
MARYLAOT).

MD.

Eeference. Date. Provisions. Subject.

Code, Mar.

14, 1888,

art. 97, p. 1440.

Sec. 1.

Sec. 2.

Sec. 3.

Sec. 4.

1825

[1888] The standards for weights and measures in i this State, except as otherwise provided in this ^ article, shall be such as are used at the custom s house- in the city of Baltimore. * The county commissioners of each county

shall, except where otherwise directed by the ^ local law, on or before the first day of May in ' each year, appoint some person as keeper of the » standards of weights and measures, who shall » safely keep and preserve the same, and when i<» required, deliver them to the county commis- n

sioners, or to such person as they may appoint

to receive the same, and who shall perform the is several duties prescribed by this article. i* The person so appointed, before entering upon i« the duties of his office, shall give bond to the

county commissioners in the penal sum of five i- hundred dollars, conditioned for the faithful i** discharge of all the duties appertaining to his i'>> office. 20 All weights and measures used in this State 21 in the vending of articles shall be inspected by 22

uiitj bdiici is.t?tipt;i luj. tile ouLiiiLj, ullOo 111 cVciy

year, under a penalty not exceeding twenty 21 dollars, to be paid by the person owning or 25 using the same, and when adjusted, shall be 26 by the standard keeper branded, marked or 27 stamped with the letters M.S. meaning thereby 28 Maryland Standard, in such manner, and on 29 such parts of such weights and measures as in 30 his judgment, will be most lasting and effectual si in preventing fraudulent practices or imposition 32 in the use ihereof . 33

StandardB.

Keeper of the standards.

Bond required.

Inspection stamp.

175
176

MD. WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject.

Only stamped weights and measures to be

used.

Scale beams.

Attendance at places

for inspection; adTertisenient of time and place.

Book to be kept.

Provisions.

The weights and measures so examined,

branded or stamped, and no other, shall be

used within this State in the vending of such

articles as are directed by law to be or are usually sold by weight or measure, under a penalty of twenty dollars, and all articles sold

within this State shall be sold by weights and

measures under the like penalty.

All scale beams used in the vending of articles in this State shall be inspected and stamped

by the keeper of the standards of weights, as weights are directed to be stamped; and any

person using scale beams in this State not

stamped as herein directed, shall forfeit and

pay a sum not exceeding twenty dollars for each

offence.

The keeper of standards of weights and meas - ures shall attend at the different markets, towns

and villages, in the county for which they shall

respectively be appointed, at least once in each

year, and at different public inspecting warehouses in the said counties at least twice in each

year, on some certain days to be appointed by

the county commissioners, of which days public

notice shall be given by advertisements inserted

in some one or more newspapers in the counties

in which there may be such paper printed, and

also by advertisements set up at some conspicuous

place in the said markets, warehouses, villages,

and towns, and shall inspect and adjust all beams

and scales weights and measures, used or intended to be used in the said county.

Each keeper of standards shall keep a book in

which he shall register the names of the persons

whose beams and scales, weights and measures,

he has adjusted, together with the day of the

month and year, and the number and description of the same so adjusted, which book he

shall submit to the inspection of the county

Date.

1825

[1888J
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OP THE UNITED STATES. 177

MD.

Reference Date. Provisions. Subject.

1825

[1888] commissioners once in each year, or oftener if

required.

If any person shall neglect or refuse to have

his beams and scales, weights and measures,

inspected and adjusted as herein directed, when

required to do so by the proper officer, he shall

forfeit and pay five dollars for every day during

such delinquency.

If any standard keeper shall be informed or have reason to suspect that any person is using,

or has in his possession with a fraudulent inten - tion any false beams, scales or measures, he

shall examine the same, and if he find them, or any of them, to be false, he shall seize the same

forfeiture, and adjust and sell them at public auction, and shall annually return a statement of the money received therefor under oath

to the county commissioners.

If any weight or measure which shall have

been branded or stamped as herein required

shall be broken, injured, altered or changed, or condemned by the standard keeper, and shall be

found thereafter in the use of any person within

the state, such person shall forfeit and pay

twenty dollars for each offence.

Each standard keeper shall receive such compensation for the discharge of his duties as the

county commissioners shall think proper to allow, which shall be levied on the assessable

property of the county and collected as other

county charges.

Whenever any standard keeper shall be applied to, to adjust scales, weights and measures,

by adding to or diminishing the same, or to

adjust scale beams, he shall be allowed an additional reasonable compensation therefor, to be

paid by the party so applying for his services.

The one -half of all fines and forfeitures imposed by the preceding sections of this article

19150—05 12

73

74

75

76

77

78

79

80

81

82

83

84

85

86

87

88

89

90

91

92

93

94

95

96

97

98

99

100

101

102

103

104

105

106

107

108

109

110

111

Refusal to allow In- spection; penalty.

False beams, scales, or measures.

Use of weights or measures altered

since Inspection or condemned; penalty.

Compensation to standard Iceeper.

Fees.

Fines.
178

MD. WEIGHTS AND MEASUEES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Provisions. Date. Reference.

Sections 1 to 1.5 not

applicable to Balti- more city, nor to private iiirtlTiduals not in business.

Measures of dried

fruit.

Corn barrel, lime measure.

shall go to the informer, the other to the use of

the county.

Nothing contained in the preceding sections

of this article shall apply to the city of Baltimore nor to any private house keeper not in

trade or pursuing some kind of merchandise as

a business.

All measures of dried fruit used in this State

shall be fixed and uniform and tried by the

standards herein established, and the measure

to be filled even, without rise or heap, and the

fruit not packed or pressed in the measurement

thereof; and every person violating the provisions of this section shall be subject to a fine

of five dollars, to be recovered before a justice

of the peace as other debts, one -half to the

informer and the other half to the use of the

State.

Oats shall be bought and sold in this State

by struck measure or by weight, at the rate of

twenty -six pounds to the bushel.

Potatoes in this State shall l3e sold by weight

at the rate of fifty -six pounds to the bushel,

and any person offending against the provisions

of this section shall be subject to a fine of ten

dollars, to be recovered before any justice of

the peace of the city or county where said

offence may be committed; this section not

apply to the counties of Frederick, Washington, Allegany, Anne Arundel, Carroll and

Montgomery.

Hay and straw, which may be sold by weight

in this State, shall be sold by the net hundred,

and every twenty hundred pounds net weight

shall be a ton.

The size and dimensions of the corn barrel

measure shall be as follows: twenty -one inches

in diameter (clear of staves) at the bottom,

and twenty -three inches in diameter (clear of

1825

[1888] Code of 1888,

art. 97.

See. 15.

P. 1443.

1844 Sec. 16.

1839

1872

1852 1860

1861

Sec. 17.

Sec. 18.

1832 Sec. 19.

1843

1867

Sec. 20.
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES. 179

MD.

Reference. Date. Provisions. Subject.

Code of 1888,

art. 97, p. 1443.

Sec. 20.

(1845) 1867

1882

1831

1829

staves) and shall hold five struck bushels of corn ; and all the lime sold in this State to any

person or persons, shall be measured in a bushel

measure of the following dimensions, viz:

twelve inches (clear of staves) at the bottom,

and fifteen inches in diameter (clear of staves)

at the top, and shall be fifteen inches high inside perpendicular measure; and in all cases where the lime has already slacked, it shall re- quire two such bushels to make one bushel of

quick lime. Any person violating the provisions of this section shall, on conviction in any

court of this State, or before any justice of the

peace be fined not less than fifty dollars nor

more than five hundred dollars, one -half to go

to the informer and the other half to the public

school fund of the county.

Corn in the ear may be bought and sold by

weight or measure, and when sold by weight

three hundred and thirty -five pounds shall be

the standard weight of a barrel.

Quercitron and all other ground bark, sumach

and all other articles sold by weight, shall be

sold by the one hundred pounds for the one

hundred weight, and twenty hundred shall be

considered and taken for a ton, and so in proportion for any greater or smaller quantity.

The count of all staves and heading shall be

by the short hundred, so that one thousand

pieces shall be computed as one thousand staves

or heading, as the case may be; and any inspector or dealer in staves or heading attempting

to count or compute at any greater rate than one

thousand pieces to the thousand, and in that

proportion for a greater or less number, shall be

deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and be subject

to indictment, and upon conviction shall be fined

not exceeding one hundred dollars, one -half to

the informer and the other half to the State.

Iilmebushelmeasnre.

Penalty.

Corn In ear.

Bark;

Count of starts and

heading.
180 WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

1«D.

Subject. Provisions. Date. Reference.

Drj goods. 190 No' person shall sell any package or parcel of

191 cotton, woolen, or other dry goods, having any

192 mark thereon or attached thereto, indicating or

193 stating a greater number of yards or larger

19* quantity than is actually contained in such

195 package or parcel; and any auctioneer, com196 mission merchant or other dealer so selling,

197 shall in each case forfeit and pay to the pur198 chaser of each package or parcel, double the

199 value of the quantity of goods which on actual

200 measurement it shall be found there is wanting

201 in such package or parcel to make up the num202 ber of yards or quantity marked thereon.

1849 Code of 1888,

art. 97, p. 1444.

Sec. 24.

Sums forfeited, how

recoverable. 203 All sums not exceeding one hundred dollars

204 forfeited and payable under the preceding sec205 tion shall be recoverable by the purchaser before

206 a iustice of the peace as other debts, and all

207 sums exceeding one hundred dollars by action

208 of debt in any court having jurisdiction thereof

209 in the city of Baltimore or county where such

210 sales were made.

See. 25.

P. 1445.

Grain. 211 All charged for freight measurement, weigh

212 ing inspection, wharfage and commission on

213 grain, shall be made on the number of bushels

214 as ascertained by weight and not by the run215 ning measure; and any one found guilty of a

216 violation of this section shall, on conviction

217 thereof before a justice of the peace, be fined

218 not less than five nor more than fifty dollars,

219 one -half to the informer and the other half to

220 the use of the State; provided, that any one

221 feeling himself aggrieved by any such judgment

222 shall have the right of appeal to the circuit

223 court for the county of the Baltimore city court,

224 as, the case may be, on giving bond in the usual

226 form to prosecute such an appeal, and for the

226 payment of the judgment and the costs if such

227 judgment should be affirmed.

1868 Sec. 26.
WEIGHTS A^fD MEASURES OF THE U>^ITED STATES. 181

HD.

Reference. Date. Provisions. Subject.

1884

1896

1890

1900

Mar. 8

1900

The standard measure of charcoal shall be ^^s two thousand seven hundred and forty -eight

cubic inches for each and every bushel thereof, 230 and when sold by weight, a bushel shall be 231 twenty pounds (commercially dry.) 232 Potatoes in this State shall be sold by weight 233 at the rate of fifty -six pounds to the bushel, 234 and any person offending against the provisions 23.5 of this section shall be subject to a fine of ten 236 dollars, to be recovered before any justice of 237 the peace of the city or county where said 238 offense may be committed. 239 The standard barrel for the measurement of 240 all green peas or beans in the hull, for which a 241 heaping measure is now given, shall be of the 242 following dimensions, namely : diameter of said 24.3 barrel at the top shall be eighteen and three- 244 fourths inches inside the staves, the diameter 24.5 at the bottom inside the staves shall be sixteen 240 and one -fourth inches, and the depth of said 247 barrel shall be twenty -six inches inside and to 24s contain in all six thousand two hundred and 249 fifty -three and three -fourths cubic inches,

measurement by said barrel to be struck measure.

Be it enacted by the General Assembly of

Maryland, That Section two hundred and sixty

three of Article 13 of the Public Local Laws of

the State of Maryland, title " Harford County," 255 sub -title, ''Tomatoes," be and the same is 256 hereby repealed and re-enacted, so as to read 257 as follows : 2.58 The legal weight of tomatoes in Harford 2.59 County shall be sixty pounds to the bushel, and 260 in all cases where either the buyer or seller of 261 tomatoes desires it they shall be bought or sold 262 by such weight. 263 An apple barrel shall be of the following 264 dimensions : Head diameter, seventeen and one - 26.5 eight inches; length of stave, twenty -eight and 266

2.50

251

253

254

Charcoal, bashel.

Potatoes.

Standard barrel for peas and beans.

Bashel of tomatoes

In Harford Countj'.

Size of apple barrel.
182 WEIGHTS AND MEASUEES OF THE UiflTED STATES.

Subject. Provisions. Date. Reference.

Apple barrel.

Measnre of Ofstcrs,

Oyster bashel.

Qther oyster

ures.

27+

276

267 one-half inches; bulge, not less than sixty-four

26S inches, outside measm'ement ; and every per269 son, firm or corporation buying or selling apples

in this State by the barrel shall be understood

271 as referring to the quantity or size of the barrel

specified in the section ; i3rovided, however, that

2T3 nothing in this section shall prevent any shipment of apples in the regular fiour barrel."

All oysters sold in this State shall be measured either in a one -half bushel tub, a bushel

277 tub, a bushel and one -half tub or a three bushel

278 tub, and no instruments shall be used for meas279 uring oysters in the shell but an iron circular

280 tub with straight sides and a straight solid bot281 tom, with holes in the bottom for draining, such

282 holes to be no larger, however, than one inch

283 in diameter; a half bushel tub shall have the

28* following dimensions, all measurements to be

285 from inside to inside : fifteen inches across the

286 top, thirteen inches across the bottom, and

287 seventeen inches diagonally from the inside

288 chime to the top ; a bushel tub shall measure

289 sixteen and one -half inches across at the bot290 tom from inside to inside, twenty -one inches

291 diagonally from the inside chime to the top, and

292 eighteen inches across from inside to inside from

293 the top; a bushel and one -half tub shall meas294 nre nineteen inches across the top from inside

295 to inside, eighteen inches across the bottom from

296 inside to inside, and twenty -four inches diag297 onally from the inside chime to the top ; a three

298 bushel tub shall measure twenty -four inches

299 across the top from inside to inside, twenty -two

300 inches from inside to inside at the bottom, and

301 twenty -nine twenty -six -hundredths inches di302 agonally from the inside chime to the top, and

303 all oysters measured in the shell as required by

304 law shall be even measiu^e to the top of the tub

305 only, and any person or persons engaged in the

a See also lines 337 ff.

1900 Supplement.

Code 1890-

1900. art. 27.

Sec. 104s.

1900 Art. 72.

Sec. 63.

1900-
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OP THE UNITED STATES. 183

MD.

Date. Provisions. Subject.

1900

1902

Apr. 11

business of buying or selling oysters in this

State who shall own or have in his possession

any instrument of measurement for oysters in

the shell which shall differ in size or description

from the measure herein before mentioned, or

shall demand a greater measure than herein be - fore mentioned, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor, and punished upon conviction before a court of competent jurisdiction, to be fined a sum of not less than fifty dollars nor more than

one hundred dollars or committed to the house

of correction for a period of not less than three

months nor more than six months, or both, in

the discretion of the judge or justice of the peace

trying the same; and in each case a fine is imposed under the provisions of this section, said

fine to be paid over by the officer making the

arrest to the Comptroller of the State, to be

credited to the oyster fund; one -half, however,

to be paid to the informer, unless he be an officer

of the State fishery force. Said measures shall

also be the standard measure for shells, and the use of any other measure for that purpose shall

be punished, as is prescribed by this section, for

the use of any other measures for measuring

oysters, and the measurers or special inspectors

are hereby forbidden to handle or interfere with

the oysters in or upon the tub or measure for

the purpose of pressing or pushing down the

same, under penalty of removal from office and

a fine of ten dollars for each offense.

It shall not be lawful for any person or persons, or corporations in the State of Maryland,

to use in the shipment of those agricultural

products commonly called truck, a barrel of less

size and dimensions as follows, to -wit : the head

or ends shall not be be less than 17 inches ; the

staves shall not be less than 27J inches ; inside

measurement at bilge not less than 19 inches

306

.307

308

309

310

311

312

313

314

315

316

317

318

319

320

321

322

323

324

325

326

327

328

329

330

.331

332

333

334

335

336

337

338

339

340

341

342

343

344

Oyster measure.

Penalty.

Size of barrel for

truck.
184

MD. WEIGHTS AT^D MEA8UKES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject.

Size of barrel of truclt.

Penalty.

Report on condition

of mines.

Volume of air in cir- culation.

Weighing cars of coal.

Provisions.

345

346

347

348

349

350

351

352

353

354

356

357

358

359

360

361

362

363

364

365

366

367

368

369

370

371

372

373

374

375

376

377

378

379

380

381

382

383

384

and the height of barrel from the bottom head

to the top end of staves shall not be less than

26 inches; single head or double head, from

head up, 24J inches.

Any person violating this section shall be

fined not less than one nor more than five dollars for each offense, and the use of each barrel' so prohibited shall constitute a separate offence.

Section 198 of Article 1 and Section 152 of

Article 12. "It shall be the duty of the Mine

Inspector, on examination of any mine, to make

out a written or partly written and partly printed

report of the condition in which he finds such

mine and post the same at the mouth of the

mine properly protected from the weather. The

said report shall give the date of the visit, the

number of cubic feet of air in circulation and

where measured, and that he has measured the

air at the cut -through of one or more rooms in

each heading or entry, and such other information as he shall deem necessary, and the said

report shall remain posted in the office or conspicuous place, and may be examined by any

person employed in or about the mine."

Section 202 of Article 1 and Section 156 of

Article 12 . " That the Mine Inspector shall also

be an inspector of weights and measures at all

mines now or hereafter opened in said counties,

and shall weigh several cars of coal mined

therein once every two months, on the scales of

the different mines, or when requested to do so

especially by any miner or operator, in order to

test the accuracy of said scales, and the State

shall supply said Mine Inspector with the re - quired weights and apparatus for testing scales,

and to do any other act he may deem necessary

to ascertain whether the coal be justly weighed

at said mine, and it shall be the duty of every

person acting as weighmaster for the owner.

Date.

1902

Apr. 11
WEIGHTS AND MEASUEE8 OF THE UNITED STATES, 185

ao.

Keference. Date. Provisions. Subject.

Art. 1. Sec. 202.

Art. 12.

Sec. 156.

lessee or agent of said mines, before entering

upon the performance of his duty as weigh- sse master or check -weighman, or before making as? any report, to make oath before some justice of sss the peace, in the proper county, that he will

perform the duty of weighmaster or check- 390 weighman as prescribed by this Act, at such 391 mine, with honesty and fidelity, and he will 392 keep a true and accurate account of all the coal 393 so weighed by him, and will credit and allow the 394 full weight, and no more, of coal in each mining 395 car, to the party or parties who mined the same 396 at the rate of two thousand two hundred and 397 forty pounds per ton, and all fractions thereof 398 be counted in hundred weights, a copy of which 399 oath shall be posted up in said weigh -office, ^oo where such coal is weighed. But the said oath 101 of weigh -master or check -weighman shall be *02

. understood and construed as only requiring said *03 weighmaster or check -weighman to allow and

credit said fraction of tons in whole hundred

weights (cwts.) in manner following, namely: *og Where the odd pounds in any mining cars in excess of the whole hundred weight therein, los shall equal or exceed fifty -six pounds, the said *09 weighmaster or check -weighman shall credit

such miner with a whole hundred weight, for 411 such odd pounds, but where such odd pounds, 412 less than a whole hundred weight (cwt.) shall

be less than fifty-six pounds, then such weighmaster or check -weighman shall give such

miner no credit whatever for such odd pounds

and it shall be the duty of said weighmaster and

of any check -weighman to perform the several "s

acts and matters prescribed in said affidavit. 419 Provided that every car when weighed shall be 420 uncoupled and stopped on the scales; but the 421 Mine Inspector may make special regulations as 422 to the stopping of cars when necessary. 423

Weighing of coal.
186

MD. WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject. Provisions. Date.

Inspection of accu- racy of ireighlngs.

ffelghlnff of coal.

424

Check-weisrh master.

Section 203 of Article 1 and Section 157 of

425 Article 12. "The Mine Inspector shall have

power to examine the weighing sheets on which

the weight of the miner's cars are registered, and

428 the monthly aggregate of coal weighed on such

429 scales, and shall compare such aggregate

430 monthly weighings with the manifest or ship431 ping reports of the operators, and thus deter

432 mine from time to time whether the coal is

433 accurately weighed."

434 Section 204 of Article 1 and Section 158 of

435 Article 12. "That it shall be lawful, however,

436 notwithstanding the provisions of this Act, in

437 relation to weighmaster and the weighing of

438 coal, for any lesses, owner, individual or agent

439 of any mine in said counties of Allegany and

440 Garrett to contract with the miners to mine

441 coal therein or therefrom by measurement ; and

442 it shall also be lawful for any owner, lessee or

443 agent of any mine in said counties, at or in

444 which not more than ten miners are employed

445 at any one time, to contract with the miner or

446 miners employed therein by the day, week or

447 month instead of by weight, and in all such

448 cases when the compensation of the miners by

449 their contract or agreement fixed by the day,

450 week or mouth, be ascertained by the cubic

451 yard or other measurement, as hereinbefore

452 provided, it shall not be obligatory upon such

453 owner, lessee or agent of such mine to jorovide

454 any weighmaster or weigh the coal mined in

455 such shaft or mine, or taken therefrom; but the

456 mine cars used in any such mine worked by

457 shaft shall be measured by a sworn measurer,

458 and said owner, lessee or agent, shall cause the

459 capacity of each of said mining cars to be

460 plainly stamped or branded thereon."

461 Section 205 of Article 1 and Section 159 of

462 Article 12. "That at any time upon the request
WEIGHTS AND MEASUEES OF THE UNITED STATES. 187

MD.

Date. Provisions. Subject.

of a majority of the miners then employed in

any coal mine in said comities of Allegany and *64 Garrett, the agent, lessee or operator of said 465 coal mine shall permit said miners (but at their 466 own expense) to provide and keep in the said 46? weigh house at said mine, at the scales kept 46s thereat, for such length of time as such miners 46» may require, a check -weighmaster, who shall 470 have the right at all times to be present when 471 the coal mined at each mine is being weighed 472 by the weighmaster of said mine, and to exam- 473 ine the scales thereof, and to take and keep a 474 full statement of the weight of each mining car 475 load of coal, as shown by the said scales when 476 the coal is being weighed thereon, by said

weighmaster, and upon the discovery of such

check -weighmaster- of any wilful violation of

any of the provisions of this Act by the weighmaster employed at such mine, it shall be the 4si duty of such check -weighmaster to immediately 482 lay all such information before the State's At- 483 torney of the county in which such weigh house 484

is situated, or the Mine Inspector, for their 485 action upon the same." 48g

Section 206 of Article 1 and Section 160 of 487 Article 12. " That it shall be the duty of every 488 person acting as weighmaster in any of the said 4S9 mines, to keep in ink or indelible pencil a list 490 or statement of the number of mining cars, and 491 the weight of coal in cars mined each day, and 492 the persons mining the same and place and 493 keep said list at the weigh house, where said 494 coal is weighed, where the parties interested 495 therein may inspect it ; which lists shall be kept 496 for reference and inspection by all persons in- 497 terested therein for at least thirty days time. 498 And it shall be the duty of every operator to 499 provide correct and accurate scales, upon which 500

477

478

480

Check-weighmaster.

Duties of weighmaster.

all coal mined in said mine shall be weighed in 501

Duty of operator.
188

JID. WEIGHTS AMD MllASUEES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject. Provisions. Date. Reference.

Duty of operator. 502 the state in which it is mined, before the same

shall be dumped or taken from the mining cars,

504 in which the miners have loaded the same ; and

505 no operator shall dock any miner in excess of

506 five hundred pounds (cwts.) on any one car,

507 and it shall be the duty of the operator to cause

508 the average weight of each empty car used at

509 any such mine to be plainly stamped on the out510 side of each car."

Art. 1. Sec. 206.

Art. 12.

Sec. 160.
MASSACHUSETTS.

MASS.

Reference.

1 s e d

8,1902,

1, p. chap.

Date.

1894

1894

1902

Provisions.

1762,

etc. 1901

The avoirdupois pound shall bear to the troy

pound the relation of seven thousand to five

thousand seven hundred and sixty. The hundred weight shall contain one hundred avoirdupois pounds, and the ton twenty hundred

weight.

The barrel shall contain thirty -one and onehalf gallons, and the hogshead two barrels.

The barrel of flour measured by weight, shall

contain one hundred and ninety -six pounds,

the barrel of potatoes one hundred and seventy

two pounds and the barrel of sweet potatoes

one hundred and fifty pounds.

The bushel of wheat shall contain sixty

pounds ; of Indian corn or of rye , fifty - six pounds

of barley, forty-eight pounds; of oats, thirtytwo pounds ; of corn meal, fifty pounds ; of rye

meal, fifty pounds; of peas, sixty pounds; of

soy beans (glycine hispida), fifty -eight pounds;

of potatoes, sixty pounds ; of apples, forty -eight

pounds; of carrots, fifty pounds; of onions,

fifty-two pounds; of clover seed, sixty pounds;

of herdsgrass, or timothy seed, forty -five

pounds ; of Japanese barnyard millet (panicum

crus-galli), thirty -five pounds; of bran and

shorts, twenty pounds; of flaxseed, fifty-fivepounds; of coarse salt, seventy pounds; of fine

salt, fifty pounds ; of lime, seventy pounds ; of

sweet potatoes, fifty-four pounds; of beans,

sixty pounds; of dried apples, twenty -five

pounds; of dried peaches, thirty -three pounds;

of rough rice, forty -five pounds; of upland cotton seed, thirty pounds; of sea -island cotton

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

2.5

26

27

28

29

30

31

32

33

Subject.

Arolrdapols to troy poand.

Barrel.

Barrel of floar.

Weight of bushel.

189
190 WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

MASS.

Subject. Provisions. Date. Eeference.

Weight of bushel of meal.

Standard weights and

measures.

Capacities.

Weights.

31 seed, forty -four pounds; and of buckwheat,

35 forty -eight pounds.

36 In this Commonwealth a bushel of cracked

3< corn or feed or any meal except oatmeal shall

38 be fifty pounds, and a cental shall be one hun39 dred pounds.

*o The following weights, measures and balances

*i now in the treasury ; a set of dry measures con -

12 sisting of one -half bushel, eight, four, two, and

+3 one quarts ; a set of liquid measures consisting

11 of one gallon, two and one quarts, one pint, two

15 and one gills, a set of apothecaries' liquid meas16 ures consisting of one gallon, four, two, and one

1' pints, twelve, eight, six, four, three, two and

IS one ounces, four, two, and one drams, ten and

19 five minims ; a set of avoirdupois weights con -

50 sisting of fifty, twenty -five, twenty, ten, five,

•51 four, three, two and one pounds; eight, six,

52 four, thi'ee, two and one ounces, eight, six, four,

53 three, two and one drams; a set of troy weights

51 consisting of five thousand, three thousand, two

55 thousand, one thousand, five hundred, three

56 hundred, two hundred, one hundred, fifty,

->'' thirty, twenty, ten, five, three, two and one

58 pennyweights, ten, six, five, four, three, two,

5» and one grains, one -half a grain, twelve, ten,

60 six, five, four, three, two and one ounces,

61 five -tenths, four -tenths, three -tenths, two62 tenths, and one -tenth, five one- himdredths,

63 four one -hundredths, three one -hundredths,

61 two one -hundredths, one one -hundredth, five

65 one -thousandths, four one -thousandths, three

66 one -thousandths, two one -thousandths, one

6' one -thousandth, five ten -thousandths, four

68 ten -thousandths, three ten -thousandths, two

69 ten -thousandths, one ten -thousandths, of an

'0 ounce ; a set of apothecaries' weights consisting

<i of twelve, six, two and one ounces, four, two

'2 and one drams, two and one scruples, ten, five.

1J62

1901

1810

1692

1901

Kevised Statutes, 1902,

vol. 1, p. 583, chap.

62. Sec. 5.

Sec. 6.
WEIGHTS AND MEASUEES OF THE UNITED STATES. 191

MASS.

Reference.

Revised

Laws, 1902,

vol. 1, pp. 5S3-4.

Sec. 6.

Date.

1692,

etc. 1901

1799

1890

1902

Provisions.

four, three, two and one grains, one -half, onequarter, and one -tenth grains, a yard measure

and three sets of balances, shall be the sole

authorized standards of weights and measures,

except as provided in chapter sixty -three.

They shall be kept in the treasury by the

treasurer, and at least once in every five years

he shall cause them to be compared with those

of the United States government and, if necessary, corrected so they shall agree therewith.

Such weights, measures and balances as may

be procured from time to time to replace the

standard weights, measures and balances shall

be preserved in the same form and of the same

dimensions as are required of said standards,

the denomination of the weights and measures

shall be marked and stamped thereon respectively and they shall be sealed with the seal

which is kept for that purpose by the treasurer

and receiver general.

The treasurer and receiver -general shall appoint a deputy state sealer of weights and meas - ures, who shall be sworn, shall give bond for

the faithful performance of his official duties,

shall have his office in the treasury of the Commonwealth, shall perform his duties under the

direction and supervision of the treasurer and

receiver general and shall receive from the Com - monwealth an annual salary of fifteen hundred

dollars and the necessary expenses incurred in

the performance of his duties. The treasurer

shall provide his deputy with whatever may be

necessary for the proper performance of his

duties and shall furnish him with duplicates of

the authorized public standard weights, measures and balances in the treasury, and he shall

keep and use them for sealing weights, measures and balances in the same manner as the

73

74

75

76

77

78

79

80

81

82

83

84

85

86

88

89

90

91

92

93

94

95

96

97

98

99

00

01

02

03

04

05

06

07

08

Subject.

Ijength.

Custody.

Weights to be repliiced, witen.

Deputy State sealer.

Salary and expenses.
192

MASS. WEIGHTS AXD MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Provisions. Date. Reference.

standard weights to be kept by coantles,

cities, etc.

standards kept in the treasury are used by the

treasurer.

The deputy shall try, adjust and seal the

standard weights, measures and balances of

every city and town at least once in five years,

and shall see that they are kept in good order

and condition, and for such purpose he shall at

any time, upon the request of a city or town

treasurer, visit such citj^ or town. He may also

inspect the weights, measures and balances of

any person which are used for selling any goods,

wares, merchandise or other commodity or for

public weighing in any city or town, and if he

finds them inaccurate he shall forthwith inform

the maj'or or selectmen who shall cause the

provisions of this chapter to be enforced. If in

the ^performance of his official duties he discovers a violation of the laws, he may enter a complaint and prosecute the same, and for this

purpose shall have like powers and authority as are conferred upon the sealer or deputy sealer

of a city or town by sections twenty -nine and

thirty. Whoever hinders, obstructs or in any

way interferes with him in the performance of

his duty shall be punished by a fine of not more

than three hundred dollars or by imprisonment

for not more than sixty days.

The deputy shall keep a record in detail of the

places visited, and of the weights, measures and

balances tested by him, and he shall annually

during the first week in January, make a report

thereof to the treasurer and receiver general.

The treasurer shall provide each county, city

and town with a complete set of the standard

weights, measures and balances named in the

following section

:

Counties, cities and towns shall keep the following standard weights, measures and bal- ances : A set of avoirdupois weights consisting

1890

B e T I s e d

LaTTS, 1903, p. 5 8 4,

chap. 62.

Sec. 8. Sec. 9.

1890 Sec. 10.

Sec. 11.

Sec. 12.
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES. 193

MASS.

Reference. Date. Provisions. Subject.

Revised

Laws, 1902, p . 6 8 6,

chap. 62.

Sec. 12.

1890

Sec. 13. 1897

Sec. 14.

Sec. 16. 1692

1897

of fifty, twenty -five, twenty, ten, five, four, two

and one pounds, and eight, four, two, one, onehalf, one -quarter, one -eighth and one -sixteenth

ounces ; a set of dry measures consisting of one

half -bushel, one eight -quart, one four -quart,

one two-quart, one one-quart measures; a set

of liquid measures consisting of one gallon, one

half -gallon, one quart, one pint, one half -pint,

and one gill ; one balance ; one yard measure

and each city and each shire town shall keep the

meter and kilogram and such standard troy

weights as the treasurer and receiver general

may designate. Each county shall keep a set of

apothecaries' weights and apothecaries' liquid

measures.

The duplicate sets of apothecaries' weights

and apothecaries' liquid measures furnished to

the county treasurers shall be kept at the county

seats and shall be used as standards for apothecaries' weights and apothecaries' liquid measures as described in section six, for the respective counties within which they are kept.

City treasurers and town treasurers if so directed by the selectmen, shall, upon request to

the treasurer and receiver general, be provided,

at the expense of such cities and towns, with

duplicate sets of apothecaries' weights and

apothecaries' liquid measures, as described in

section six, which shall be used as standards in

the respective cities and towns in which they

are kept.

The several county, city and town treasurers

shall, at the expense of their respective counties,

cities, and towns, provide therein accessible

places for the safe and suitable keeping and

preservation of the weights, measures and bal- ances furnished by the Commonwealth, which

shall be used only as standards. Said treasurers

shall have the care and oversight thereof ; shall

County standards.

Counties to have apothecaries'

weights.

Cities and towns to have same.

Safe-keeping of

weights.

19L50—05- -13
194

MASS. WEIGHTS AND MEASUEES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject. Provisions.

Custody.

Penalty of treasurers

for neglect.

County and town

standards to be

tested.

ippolntmeut of seal- ers and gaugers.

189

190

191

192

19.3

194

195

196

197

198

199

200

201

202

203

204

205

206

207

208

209

210

211

212

213

214

215

216

217

218

219

220

221

222

223

224

225

226

227

see that they are kept in good order and repair

;

and if any of them are lost, destroyed, or irreparably damaged, shall, at the expense of the

county, city or town, replace the same by similar weights, measures or balances. Counties,

cities and towns may effect insurance on such

weights, measures and balances, for their own

benefit.

Every such treasurer who neglects to provide

a suitable place for keeping such weights, measures and balances, or to keep them in good order

and repair or who suffers any of them through

his neglect to be lost, damaged or destroyed,

shall forfeit two hundred dollars.

The standards, except those of apothecaries'

weight and apothecaries' liquid measure, which

are in the custody of county treasurers shall, at

least once in every ten years, and such standards

which are in the custody of city and town treas- urers shall, at least once in every five years, be

tried, adjusted, and sealed by the treasurer and

receiver general or by his deputy. At least

once in every three years the standards of

apothecaries' weights and of apothecaries' liquid

measures which are in the custody of county

treasurers shall be compared with and adjusted

by those in the custody of the treasurer and

receiver general, and such standards in the cus- tody of city and town treasurers, with those of

the treasurer and receiver general or of the

county treasurer. Every treasurer who neglects

to have the standards in his care so sealed shall

forfeit not more than fifty dollars.

The mayor and alderman of cities and the

selectmen of towns shall annually, in March or

April, appoint one or more sealers of weights

and measures, or one sealer and one or more

deputy sealers to act under the direction of the

sealer, and they may also appoint gaugers of

Date.

1692

1897

Reference.

Revised

Laws, 1902,

pp. 585-6,

chap. 62.

Sec. 15.

1799

1897

1738

1897 1902

1692

1877

Sec. 16.

Sec. 17.

Sec. 18.
"WEIGHTS AJTD MEASUKES OF THE UNITED STATES. 195

3IASS.

Eeference. Date. ]^r()visions. Subject.

K e V i s e (1 Laws, 1902. p . 5 8 6,

chap. 62,

Sec. 18.

1692,

etc. 1897

1799

1705

1847

1692

1877

244

245

liquid measures ; and may at any time remove -'28 such sealers, deputy sealers and gangers, and 229 appoint others in their places. 230 Every sealer of weights and measures shall

receive from the treasurer of his city or town a -s^ set of the standards and a seal, and shall give a receipt therefor, stating the condition in which ^34 they are received ; and he shall be accountable -^'^ to his city or town for the due preservation

thereof in like condition until he returns them

to the treasurer. 238 The treasurer and receiver general and his 239 deputy, the county treasurers and the city and -*•> town ssalers shall each keep a seal for his sev- -+i eral use. The seals of the treasurer and of his

deputy shall bear the letters "C. M." those of

the county treasurers shall bear the initial and

final letters of their respective counties, followed by the letters "Co".; and those of city -'46 and town sealers, the name of their respective 247 cities or towns, or such intelligible abbreviation 2+8 thereof as the mayor and alderman or selectmen 249 may prescribe. Any such treasurer or sealer 250 who neglects to keep a seal in accordance with 251 the provisions of this section shall forfeit not 252 more than twenty dollars. 253 Sealers of weights and measures shall an- 254 nually give public notice by advertisement, or 255 by posting in one or more public places in their 2.-,6 respective cities and towns, notices to all inhab- -'-j^ itants or persons having usual places of business 2.5s therein who use weights, measures or balances 259 for the purpose of selling goods, wares, mer- 260 chandise or other commodities or for public 261 weighing, to bring in their weights, measures 262 and balances to be adjusted and sealed. Such 2«3 sealers shall attend in one or more convenient 264 places, and shall adjust, seal, and record all 260 weights, measures and balances so brought in.

BemOTal.

Sealers accountalilf

to towns for stand'

ards.

Seal.

Annual notice of ad- justment.

266
196 WEIGHTS AND MEASUEES OF THE UNITED STATES.

MASS.

Subject. Provisions. Date. Reference.

I'lat e of sealing. 267

268

269

270

271

272

After giving said notice said sealers shall go

to the houses, stores and shops of persons who

neglect to comply therewith, and, having entered

the same with the assent of the occupants thereof

shall adjust and seal their weights, measures

and balances.

1705

1863 E e T I s e d taws, 1902,

p. 587.

Sec. 22.

Hny scales. 273

274

275

276

277

278

Said sealers shall go once a year, and oftener

if necessary, to every hay and coal scale and to

every platform balance within their respective

cities and towns which cannot be easily or conveniently removed, and shall test the accuracy

of, adjust and seal the same.

1705

1847

Sec. 23.

To test weights upon

request. 279

280

281

282

283

Whoever uses scales, weights or measures,

for the purpose of buying or selling any commodity may, if he desires it, have his weights

and measures, used for such purpose, tested and

sealed by the sealer of weights and measures.

1876 Sec. 24.

Test of apothecaries" weights. 284

285

286

287

288

289

290

291

292

293

294

295

Apothecaries and all other persons dealing in

drugs, medicines or merchandise commonly sold

by apothecaries' weight or by apothecaries'

liquid measure shall, at least once in three

years, cause such weights and measures so used

to be tested and sealed either by the county

treasurer or by the sealers of weights and measures in the respective cities and towns in which

they carry on business. County treasurers,

for the purpose of this section, shall be sealers

of weights and measures in their respective

counties.

1897 Sec. 25.

Penalty for failure to

test. 296

297

298

299

300

301

302

303

304

Whoever sells or deals in drugs, medicines or merchandise which require the use of apothecaries' weights or apothecaries' liquid measures

or in the sale of which they are commonly used,

and does not have such weights and measures

tested in accordance with the provisions of this

chapter shall be punished by a fine of not less

than five nor more than fifty dollars for each

offence.

Sec. 26.
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES. 197

MASS.

Date. Provision.?. Subject.

1877

1897

If a sealer of weights and measures cannot

seal any weights, measures and balances in the

manner before provided, he may mark them

with a stencil or by other suitable means, so as

to show that they have been inspected, but he

shall in no case seal or mark as correct any

weights, measures or balances which do not

conform to the standards. If such weights,

measures or balances can be readily adjusted

by such means as he has at hand, he may adjust

and seal them, but if they cannot be readily

adjusted, he shall affix to such weights, measures or balances a notice forbidding their use

until he is satisfied that they have been so adjusted as to conform to the standards ; and whoever removes said notice without the consent of

the officer affixing the same shall for each offence

forfeit not more than fifty dollars, to be equally

divided between the city or town and the complainant.

A sealer or his deputy, when visiting the

place of business of any person for the purpose

of testing any weights, measures or balances,

may use for that purpose such weights, measures or balances as he can conveniently carry

with him ; and each city and town shall furnish

its sealer with one or more duplicate sets of

weights, measures, and balances, which shall at

all times be kept to conform to the standards pro - vided by the Commonwealth; and all weights,

measures and balances so sealed shall be deemed

to be legally sealed, as if they were tested and

sealed with the standard weights, measures and

balances.

A sealer or deputy sealer of weights and

measures may seize without a warrant such

weights, measures or balances as maybe necessary to be used as evidence in cases of violation

of the law relative to the sealing of weights and

306

306

307

308

309

310

311

312

313

314

315

316

317

318

319

320

321

322

323

324

325

326

327

328

329

330

.'{31

332

333

334

335

336

337

338

339

340

341

342

343

Marking Trelghts.

Sealers to have duplicate sets.

May seize for evi- dence.
198

MASS. WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject. Provisions. Date. Reference.

Seizure of unlawful

measures.

Incorrect weights.

Suspected measares.

344

34.5

346

347

348

349

350

361

352

3.53

354

355

356

357

358

369

360

361

362

863

364

366

366

367

368

369

370

371

372

378

374

376

376

377

378

379

380

881

measures; and they shall be returned to the

owners or forfeited as the court may direct.

A sealer or deputy sealer of weights and

measures, or any person specially authorized by

the mayor and the aldermen or selectmen, may

seize any measures which are in the possession

of the vendor of merchandise and which are used or intended to be used for measuring merchandise offered for sale by him if they are not

of the shape or dimensions, or are not sealed, as required by law ; any such vendor who has in

his possession such measures, with intent to use them in violation of law, shall be punished

by a fine of not more than twenty dollars for

each offence, and such measures, upon proper

proceedings, shall be destroyed. Such possession of such measures shall be prima facia

evidence that they were intended to be used in

violation of law. Violations of the provisions

of this section shall be prosecuted by said offi- cers. If any person informs a sealer of weights and

measures that he has reasonable cause to believe, or if such sealer has reasonable cause to believe

that a weight, measure or balance used in the

sale of any commodity within his city or town

is incorrect, said sealer shall go to the place

where such weight, measure or balance is, shall

test it and mark it according to the result of the

test ; and if it is incorrect and cannot be adjusted,

he shall attach thereto a notice of that fact and

forbidding the use thereof until it has been

made to conform to the authorized standard.

If a sealer has reasonable cause to believe that a weight, measure, scale, balance or beam h^s

been altered, since it was last adjusted and

sealed he shall enter the premises in which it is

kept or used and shall examine the same. Who- ever uses a weight, measure or balance after

1877

1897

1883

B (• V i s e (I Laws. 1902,

p . 5 8 8,

ohap. 62.

Sec. 30.

1863

1897

Sec. 31.
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES. 199

MASS.

Reference. Date.

B e T i s e d 1863,

Lavfs, 1902, etc. pp. 588-9, 1876

chap. 62.

Sec. 32. 1870

Provisions. Subject.

Sec. 33. 1863

1897

Sec. 34. 1692

1876

Sec. 35. 1863-76

Sec. 36. 1800-16

refusing permission to a sealer to test it shall

be punished by a fine of not less than ten nor

more than one hundred dollars.

All weights, measui-es and balances which

cannot be made to conform to the standard shall

be stamped ' ' condemned " or " CD '' by the

sealer.

Whoever knowingly uses a false or condemned

weight, measure, scale, balance or beam or, after

the same has been adjusted and sealed, alters it so that it does not conform to the public standard and fraudulently makes use of it, or whoever uses the same for weighing or measuring

any commodity sold or exchanged, shall for each

offence forfeit fifty dollars to be equally divided

between the city or town and the complainant.

Each sealer of weights and measures, including the coimty treasurers, shall receive a fee of

one dollar for sealing each platform bg-lance if

weighing five thousand pounds or more, and

fifty cents if weighing less than that amount,

and three cents each for sealing all other weights,

measures, scales, beams or balances. He shall

also have a reasonable compensation for all

necessary repairs, alterations and adjustments

made by him.

Cities and towns may establish ordinances and

by-laws providing that the sealer of weights and

measures shall be paid by a salary, and that he

shall account for and pay into the city or town

treasury the fees received by him by virtue of

his office; and if such salary is paid, no fees

shall be charged for services rendered under the

provisions of section twenty -one. Vibrating steelyards may be used if each beam

and the poises thereof are annually tried, proved

and sealed by a sealer of weights and measures.

383

384

385

386

387

388

389

390

S91

392

393

394

395

396

397

398

399

400

401

402

403

404

405

40(>

407

408

409

410

t411

412

413

414

415

416

417

418

419

Fine.

Weiehts to be marked "'condemned.'"

when.

Penalty for u s i n i false weiifhts.

Fees of sealers.

Sealers may be paid

salaries.

Steelyard.
200

MASS. WEIGHTS AND MEASUEES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject. Provisions. Date. Reference.

Unsealed Tveights.

Penalty.

Value of goods sold by

unsealed weights, how collected.

Huiidredweight, how

construed."

Kules for weighing.

Measures for salt and

grain.

420

421

422

423

424

425

426

427

428

429

430

431

432

433

434

435

436

437

438

439

440

441

442

443

444

445

446

447

448

449

450

451

452

453

454

455

456

457

458

Whoever sells or, if by the custom of trade

such weights, measures, scales, beams or bal- ances are provided by the buyer, buys by any

other weights, measures, scales, beams or bal- ances than those which have been sealed as before provided or as provided in chapter sixty

three shall forfeit not more than twenty dollars

for each offence to the use of the person suing

therefor.

The seller may recover the fair market value

of goods, wares or merchandise sold if they were,

for the purposes of the sale, weighed or measured upon scales, measures, weights, beams or balances which were not sealed according to

law, or by a person not a sworn weigher, measurer or surveyor, or by a person not authorized

by law to weigh or measure the same, if such

sale is made in good faith and the purchaser is

not injured thereby.

If commodities are sold by the hundred

weight, it shall be understood to mean the net

weight of all packages of not more than one

hundred pounds avoirdupois ; and all contracts

concerning goods sold by weight shall be understood and construed accordingly.

Every public weigher of goods or commodities

shall weigh the same according to the provisions

of the preceding section, and shall make his

certificate accordingly ; and for each refusal or neglect he shall forfeit not more than ten dollars. Every weigher of goods appointed by a

city or town and every weigher for hire or reward shall be a public weigher within the

provisions of this section.

If the city council of a city or a town accepts

the provisions of this section or has accepted

the corresponding provisions of earlier laws,

every measure by which salt or grain is sold

shall in addition to being conformable in ca1705

1847 B e r 1 s e d Laws, 1902,

p. 5 8 9,

chap. 62.

Sec. 37.

1875-78 Sec. 38.

1826 Sec. 39.

Sec. 40.

1823 Sec. 41.
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES. 201

suss.

Reference. Date. Provisions. Subject.

Revised

laws, 1902, p . 5 9 0,

chap. 62.

Sec. 41.

1823

Seo. 42.

Sec. 43.

1863

1900-

1901

pacity and diameter to the public standards, *59 have a bar of iron, approved by a sealer of *6o weights and measures, across the middle thereof *6i at the top, and a bar or standards of iron, ap- *62 proved as aforesaid from the center of the first

mentioned bar to the center of the bottom of +64 the measure ; and every such measure shall be

filled by shoveling such salt or grain into the *66 same, and the striking thereof shall always be +6? lengthwise of the first described bar. And +68 whoever sells or exposes for sale any salt or +69 grain in any other measure, or fills or strikes

such measure in any other manner than is provided in this section, shall forfeit fifty cents for

every bushel of salt or grain so measured, filled, ^s

or stricken; but salt may be measured from +7+ vessels in such measures as are used by the

government of the United States, or, as authorized by any city or town, in tubs or in propor- +" tional parts of hogsheads, without bars.

The mayor and aldermen of a city or the +'<» selectmen of a town in which boilers and heavy +8o machinery are sold shall appoint, and may re- +8i move, one or more persons, not engaged in the +82 manufacture or sale thereof, to be weighers of +83 boilers and heavy machinery, who shall be sworn +8+ to the faithful performance of their duties. The +85 board appointing them may fix their fees, which +86 shall be paid by the seller. +8? Glass bottles or jars which are used for the +88 distribution of milk or cream to consumers, and +89 which hold when filled to a level with the bot- +90 tom of the cap or stopple, not less than seven +91 ounces and six drams and not over eight ounces +92 and two drams; not less than fifteen ounces +93 and five drams and not over sixteen ounces and +9+ four drams; not less than thirty -one ounces +95 and four drams and not over thirty -two ounces +96 and four drams; not less than forty -seven +97

Salt and grain measures.

Appointment of

Tveighers of boilers.

Sealing of milk cans.
202

MASS. WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject.

Salt and grain measures.

Provisions. Date. Reference.

Sealing of milk cans.

Metric system anthorIzed.

Effect of Tarlous

measures.

498

*99

500

501

502

503

504

505

506

507

508

509

510

511

512

513

514

515

516

517

518

619

520

521

522

523

524

525

526

527

528

629

530

531

532

533

534

535

536

ounces and three drams and not over forty

eight ounces and five drams; not less than

sixty -three ounces and two drams and not over

sixty -four ounces and six drams ; shall be sealed

as measures under the provisions of section

twenty -one. All dealers in milk or cream who

use glass bottles or jars for the distribution of

milk or cream to consumers shall bring in such

bottles or jars to the office of the sealer of

weights and measures in their respective cities

and towns, to be sealed as aforesaid ; but no fee

shall be charged or received for sealing them.

If a bottle or jar has once been sealed by the

sealer of weights and measures, it shall not in

any case be necessary to have it sealed again at

any time while it is used for the distribution of

milk or cream to consumers. Glass bottles or

jars sealed under the provisions of this section

shall not be legal measures except for the distribution of milk or cream to consumers.

The weights and measures of the metric system may be employed and used in this Commonwealth, and no contract or dealing shall be

deemed invalid and no pleading in any court

shall be open to objection because the weights

or measures are stated therein in terms of the

metric system. The metric weights and measures received from the United States and now

in the treasury of the Commonwealth may be

used as authorized public standards of weights

and measures, and shall in no case be removed

from the treasury except under necessity for

their preservation or repair.

The following tables shall be recognized in

the construction of contracts and in legal proceeding as establishing in terms of the metric

system the equivalents of the other weights and

measures expressed therein and may also be

used for computing, determining and express

l9oo- 1901

1877

Revised

laws, 1902, p . 6 9 0,

chap. 62,

sec. 43.

Metric syst e ni of weights

and measures.

C. 63.

Sec. 1.

Sec. 2.
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES. 203

MASS.

Date. Provisions. Subject.

Duties of State hikI town treasurers.

548

549

Sealing of metrie weights and measures.

ing in customary weights and measures the

weights and measures of the metric system." sss The duties of the treasurer and receivergeneral and his deputy and the duties and 540 responsibilities of the treasurer of each town, 6*1 with respect to the keeping, care, verification 542 and use of the standard weights and measures

of the metric system, shall be the same as those

established by law with respect to other standard weights and measures. ^40 The deputy state sealer shall verify, adjust ^47 and seal all metric weights and measures

brought to him for that purpose. The sealer

of weights and measures in each town which

has received the standard metric weights and »»i measures shall verify, adjust and seal all metric »52 weights and measures brought to him for

that purpose from within the county in which

such town is situated, and he shall receive a 555 reasonable compensation therefor ; but he shall »56 claim no fees for any sealing, verification or adjustment for the performance of which he 258 may otherwise receive compensation by salary ^59 paid by the town. seo Every person who uses weights or measures 56i of the metric system for the purpose of selling

any goods, wares merchandise or other com- ses modifies shall have them adjusted, sealed and 564 recorded by an authorized sealer of weights and

measures, and shall thereafter be responsible for ''ce the correctness and exactness of the same ; and se? every person who illegally or fraudulently uses ses the metric weights or measures shall be liable 569 to the same penalty to which he would have

been liable if he had used other weights and -"i measures. 372 No person shall be deemed ineligible to hold 573 the office of weigher of coal in any city or town

by reason of sex. 575

" Here follows the conversion tables as adopted by the Congress of the United States. See United States Law^

Duties of persons using metric sys- tem.

1902 The office of weigher

of coal may l)e held by either sex.
204

MASS. WEIGHTS AND MEASUEES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject. Provisions. Date. Reference.

Weighing and Inspec- tion of hay and

Ktraw.

Inspection and sale of bark.

The weighing of coal.

Coal to be sold by weight and measure.

576

577

578

579

580

581

582

ass

584

585

586

587

588

589

590

591

692

593

594

595

596

697

698

699

600

601

602

603

604

605

606

607

608

609

610

611

612

613

614

Whoever, in a city or town for whicli an inspector is appointed, sells pressed or bundled

hay or straw which has not been inspected and

weighed as before provided, shall forfeit two dollars for each bale or bundle so sold ; but no such

inspection and weighing need be made unless

the vendee at the time of purchase requires it. The city council of a city may establish ordinances, with suitable penalties, not exceeding

five dollars for any one violation thereof, for

the regulation of the sale of prepared wood,

slabs and edgings for fuel, when sold by the

load, and for the inspection, survey, measurement and sale of bark for fuel or manufacturing

purposes brought into said city for sale, whether

the same is exposed for sale in ranges or upon

a cart or other vehicle ; and said city may pro - vide for the appointment of such surveyors, inspectors and other officers as may be necessary

to carry into effect said ordinances and may

establish their fees.

The mayor and aldermen of a city or the

selectmen of a town shall appoint, and may

remove, weighers of coal, one of whom at least

shall not be engaged in the business of selling

coal, who shall be sworn, and by whom all coal

shall be weighed. No person shall be ineligible for appointment because of the fact that

he is not a resident of such city or town, notwithstanding provisions to the contrary in any

general or special act or city charter.

Coal, in quantities of one hundred pounds or more, shall be sold by weight, and, except when

sold by the cargo, two thousand pounds avoirdupois shall be the standard for the ton. Coal,

in quantities of less than one hundred pounds,

shall be sold by measure, and shall be delivered

to the purchaser thereof in the same baskets or

measui-'^s as are used in measuring it.

1849,

etc. 1902

Acts of 1902,

chap. 459.

Sec. 82

1902 Revised

Laws, TOl.

1, p. 571,

chap. 57.

Sec. 83. Amended

acts of

1902,chap.

453.

Sec. 84.
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES. 205

MASS.

Reference. Date. Provisions. Subject.

Ame n d e d

acts, 1902,

chap. 453.

Sec. 86.

1901

1902

Baskets or measures which are used in meas - uring coal in quantities of less than one hundred pounds shall be of a cylindrical form

and of the following dimensions in the inside

thereof: one bushel, nineteen inches diameter

in every part and nine inches in depth measured

from the highest part of the bottom thereof,

and one -half bushel, the same diameter and

four and one -half inches in depth. Such

baskets or measures shall be sealed and the

capacity thereof plainly marked or stamped

thereon by a sealer of weights and measures

of the city or town in which the person using it usually resides or does business ; and shall in

selling said articles, be filled level full

Whoever sells coke or coal by weight shall

without cost to the purchaser cause the goods

to be weighed by a sworn weigher of the city or town in which they are weighed, and shall cause a certificate stating the name and place

of business of the seller, the name of the person taking charge of the goods after the weighing, as given to the weigher on his request,

and the quantity of the goods, to be signed by

the weigher. Such certificate shall be given to

said person and shall by him be given only to

the owner of the goods or his agent when he

unloads the same ; and every such person, owner

or agent shall, on request and without charge

therefor, permit any sealer of weights and

measures of any city or town to examine the

certificate and to make a copy thereof.

Coke in quantities of less than one hundred

pounds, and charcoal in any quantities, shall be

sold only by baskets or in bags, and when sold

by baskets shall be kept, until delivered, in the

same baskets in which the goods are measured.

Coke sold in quantities of one hundred pounds

or more shall be sold by baskets or by weight.

615

616

617

618

619

620

621

622

62:{

624

625

626

627

628

629

630

631

632

633

634

635

636

637

638

639

740

641

642

643

644

645

646

647

648

649

650

651

652

653

Dimensions and seal- ing of basliets for measuring.

Selling coal or coke

by weight.

Sale of coke and charcoal.
206

MASS. WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject. Provisions. Date. Reference.

Baskets and bags, ca- pacity and sealinsr.

Public scales for fuel.

Public scales.

Record to be kept of weights and measures.

654

655

6.56

657

6.58

659

660

661

662

663

664

665

666

667

668

669

670

671

672

673

674

675

676

677

678

679

680

681

682

683

684

685

686

687

688

689

690

691

692

693

Baskets used in selling coke or charcoal shall

be of the capacity of two bushels, of one bushel,

or of one -half bushel, Massachusetts standard

dry measure. They shall be sealed, and their

capacity plainly marked thereon by a sealer of

weights and measures of the city or town in

which the person using them resides or does

business, and shall be filled level full. Bags of

coke or charcoal sold or offered for sale shall

contain, and shall be sold as containing, one -half

bushel, dry measure, standard aforesaid, of said

goods, and shall be plainly marked with the

name of the person who puts up the same, and

the words in capital letters, each at least one

inch in height—" ONE-HALF BUSHEL."

A sealer of weights and measures of a city or town in which any quantity of coke, charcoal or

coal for delivery is found may, in his discretion, direct the person in charge of the goods to

convey the same without delay or charge to

scales designated by such sealer, who shall there

determine the quantity of the goods, and, if they are not in baskets or bags, shall determine their weight with the weight of the vehicle in which they are carried, and shall direct

said person to return to such scales forthwith

after unloading the goods ; and upon such return,

the sealer shall weigh the vehicle. The scales

designated by the sealer as aforesaid may be the

public scales of the city or town or any other

scales therein which have been duly tested and

sealed, and shall be such scales as are in his

judgment the most convenient of those available.

A sealer of weights and measures of a city or town and a sworn weigher shall keep in a book

used by him solely for that purpose a record of

all baskets sealed by him as aforesaid, and of all

weighings and determinations of quantities of

coke, charcoal or coal made by him as aforesaid.

Such record shall be made at the time of meas1901

1902 RevisedLaiTS,1902,

TOl. 1, p. 671. Amended by

acts of 1902,

chap. 453.

Sec. 88.

1901

1902 Amended

acts, 1902,

chap. 453.

Sec. 89.

Sec. 90.
WEIGHTS AND MEASUEES OF THE UNITED STATES. 207

MASS.

Reference. Date. Provisions. Subject.

Amended

acts, 1902,

chap. 153.

Sec. 90.

Sec. 91. Amended,

acts of 190-2, chap. 453.

1901 1902

Acts of 1903.

chap. 4S4.

Sec. 1.

1903

Sec. 2.

uring or weighing, and shall state the day and

hour of the measuring or weighing, the name

and place of business of the seller of the goods,

the name of the owner of the baskets or of the

purchaser of the goods as given to him on his

request by the person taking charge of the

baskets or goods after weighing or measuring,

the capacity of the baskets measured or quantity

of goods determined, and the name of said person, and, in the case of a re -weighing as aforesaid, shall state the weight as given in the

certificate and as determined by him. No charge

shall be made by any such sealer for anything

done under the provisions of this and the two

preceding sections.

Whoever violates any provision of the seven preceding sections or fails to comply with any

request for information or du^ection made under

authority thereof, or gives a false answer to any

such request, shall for each offence be punished

by a fine of not more than fifty dollars; and

whoever shall be guilty of any fraud or deceit

relative to the weighing, selling or delivering of

coke, charcoal or coal, shall for each offence be

punished by a fine of not more than one hundred dollars. Sealers of weights and measures

shall cause the provisions of the seven preceding

sections to be enforced in their respective cities

and towns.

It shall be unlawful for any person, firm or corporation to engage in or carry on the busi- ness of selling coal or coke, as principal or agent, in any city or town, at wholesale or

retail, either by maintaining a place of business

or by peddling the same from house to house,

or otherwise, without first obtaining a license so

to do from the secretary of the Commonwealth,

Such licenses shall be granted by the secre- tary of the Commonwealth for such periods

and upon the payment of such fees, not exceed

694

695

696

697

698

699

700

701

702

703

704

705

700

707

708

709

710

711

712

713

714

715

716

717

718

719

720

721

722

723

724

726

726

727

728

729

730

731

732

733

Record of weiijlits and

measures.

Penalty.

Licensing dealers In coal and colie.

License fees.
208

MASS.

"WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject. Provisions. Date.

Suspension of licenses.

Appeal ou suspension

of license.

Public notice of li- cense.

Penalty for violations.

Penalty for harin^

illegal coal measures.

734

735

736

737

738

739

740

741

742

743

744

745

746

747

748

749

750

751

752

753

7.54

7.55

756

757

7.58

7.59

760

761

762

763

764

765

766

767

768

769

770

771

772

ing five dollars, and upon such conditions and

terms as may be prescribed in cities by ordinance and in towns by by-laws.

The said licenses may be suspended or re- voked at any time by the Secretary of the Commonwealth, after a fair hearing given to the

licensee, for using false weights or measures,

for charging extortionate prices, for conspiring,

combining unlawfully with other persons, or unlawfully discriminating in the conduct of

said business, or for any other just and sufficient reason. Any licensee aggrieved by the suspension or revocation of his license may appeal to any justice of the superior court who shall hear the

parties as soon as may be, and whose decision

sustaining, modifying or annulling the action of

the licensing authority shall be final and binding upon all parties. Pending such appeal and

a decision thereon the license shall continue in

force.

It shall be the duty of any licensee as aforesaid to give public notice that he holds the

license by displaying the word '' Licensed '

' , and

the number of his license at his place of busi- ness and on all vehicles employed by him in his

business and in such other manner as the

licensing authority may direct. It shall be unlawful for any such persons, firms or corporations not so licensed to designate themselves as licensed or to use the word "licensed" upon

any vehicle or in any place.

Whoever violates any provision of this act

shall be punished by fine of not more than

fifty dollars or by imprisonment for a term

not exceeding six months, or by both such fine

and imprisonment.

A vendor of coal, coke or charcoal who has

in his possession a basket, bag or other measure

1903
WEIGHTS AND MEASUKES OF THE UNITED STATES. 209

MASS.

Reference. Date. Provisions. Subject.

Act of 1903.

chap. 484.

Sec. 92.

1903

Sec. 93.

Act of 1903,

chap. 408.

Sec. 1.

1903

which does not conform in every particular to

the requirements respecting it, with intent to use or permit it to be used in measuring coal,

coke or charcoal sold or offered for sale, shall

be punished by a fine of not more than twenty

dollars, and such basket, bag or measure shall

be destroyed.

The mayor and alderman of a city or the

selectman of a town shall appoint one or more

persons whose duty it shall be to seize all baskets, bags or measures used or intended to be

used for measuring coal, coke or charcoal, which

do not conform to the foregoing provisions, to

arrest without warrant any person who has in

his possession such baskets, bags or measures

and to prosecute him under the provisions of the

preceding section . The tribunal by which he is

convicted shall order said baskets, bags and

measures to be destroyed.

The legal and standard barrel for cranberries

shall measure not less than twenty -five and

one fourth inches between the heads, inside;

the diameter of the head shall be sixteen and

one fourth inches, including the beveled edge;

the outside bilge circumference shall measure

not less than fifty -eight and one half inches;

the thickness of the staves shall be four tenths

of an inch. But any barrel of different form

but of the same interior capacity shall be considered a legal and standard barrel. The legal

and standard crate for cranberries shall measure

seven and one half inches, by twelve inches by

twenty -two inches, inside, exclusive of any

interior partition or support. No barrel or crate

intended for the sale or delivery of cranberries,

except of the standard measure herein specified

and plainly marked with the words "Massachusetts Standard Measure", shall be manufactured or sold. No person shall so mark any

19150—05 14

773

774

775

776

777

778

779

780

781

782

783

784

785

786

787

788

789

790

791

792

793

794

795

796

7E

798

799

800

801

802

803

804

805

806

807

808

809

810

811

Penalty for havlni;

illegal coal measures.

Seizure of Illegal

measures; arrest,

etc.

Cranberry barrels anrt crates.
210

MASS. WEIGHTS AND MEASUEES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject. Provisions.

Barrels most be

marked.

Standard weights.

Packing and branding flsli.

SI 2

813

814

HU)

816

817

818

819

820

821

822

823

824

825

826

827

828

829

830

831

832

833

834

836

836

837

838

839

840

841

842

843

844

846

846

847

848

849

860

barrel or crate so used or intended to be used

unless such barrel or crate exactly conforms to

the measure herein specified.

Every barrel or crate used for the sale or

delivery of cranberries shall be of the Massachusetts standard measure, and shall be marked

as required by this act. No person shall use any barrel or crate for such sale or delivery the

capacity of which is less than that of the stand - ard barrel or crate herein provided for. Any

person violating any of the provisions of this

act shall be punished by a fine not exceeding

one hundred dollars. The deputy sealers of

weights and measures of the several cities and

towns shall cause the provisions of this act to

be enforced.

Section twenty -four of chapter fifty -seven of

the Revised Laws is hereby repealed.

This act shall take effect on the first day of

January in the year nineteen hundred and four.

Under the supervision of the inspector general

and his deputies, respectively, all kinds of split

pickled fish and fish for barrelling, all codfish

tongues and sounds, halibut fins and napes, and

swordfish, if said articles are intended for export, shall be well struck with salt or pickle in

the first instance, and preserved sweet and free

from rust, taint or damage; and if they are found in good order and of good quality, they

shall be packed in tierces containing three hun - dred pounds each, in barrels containing two

hundred pounds each, in half barrels containing

one hundred pounds each, or in packages containing less than one hundred pounds each, on

which the number of pounds therein shall be

plainly and legibily branded. Every cask, kid

or package shall be packed with good clean salt

suitable for the purpose, and, after packing with

sufficient salt to preserve its contents, shall be

Date.

1903

1879-80

Reference.

Acts of 1903,

chap. 408.

Sec. 1.

Sec. 2.

Revised

Lans , p

.

543, chap.

56.

Sec. 7.
WEKtHTS AJTD irEASFKES OF THE ^^^TED STATES. 211

SASS.

Reference. Date. rro%'isions.

1879-80 headed or well secured and filled up with a clean

strong pickle.

Casks which are used for packing or repacking pickled fish intended for export, unless they

contain less than twenty -five pounds weight,

shall be made of sound, well -seasoned white oak,

ash, red oak, spruce, pine or chestnut staves,

with headings of either of said kinds of wood,

and, if of pine, such headings shall be free from

sap and knots and planed ; the barrels, half barrels and tierces shall be well hooped with at least

three good hoops of sufficient substance on each

bilge, and three hoops of the like Cjuality of each

chime; the barrel staves shall be twenty-eight

inches in length, and the heads shall be seventeen inches between the chimes; the barrels

shall contain not less than twenty -eight nor

more than twenty -nine gallons each, the half

barrels not less than fifteen gallons each and the

tierces not less than forty -five nor more than

forty -six gallons each. Each cask shall oe made

in a workmanlike manner, and branded on its

side near the bung with the name of the maker.

Boxes used for packing smoked alewives or herrings shall be made of good sound boards

sawed and well seasoned, the sides, top and bottom of not less than half inch and the ends of not

less than three-quarters inch boards, securely

nailed : and such boxes shall be seventeen inches

in length, eleven inches in breadth and six inches

in depth, in the clear, inside.

If fish are sold by the quintal, it shall be understood to mean a quintal of one hundred

pounds avou'dupois, and all contracts relative

to fish sold in this manner shall be construed

accordingly.

If clam bait is sold by the barrel, it shall be

construed to mean a fish barrel of not more than

twenty-nine nor less than twenty-eight gallons,

Subject.

Casks, quality and

capacity.

851-

852

853

854

853

856

857

858

839

860

861

862

863

864

865

866

867

868

869

870

871

872

873

874

875

876

877

878

879

880

881

882

883

884

885

Qo- Clam bait, contents

of barrel of, etc.

Boxes, quality and

capacity.

Qnlntal, weight of.

888

889
212 . WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

MASS.

Subject. Provisions. Date. Eeference.

Barrel of olam bait. 890 and containing twenty -six gallons of clams and

891 not over three gallons if pickle. If a disagree

892 ment arises between the purchaser and seller

893 respecting the quantity in a barrel, either party

894 may have the barrel measured by the inspector

895 of fish ; and if it does not contain the aforesaid

896 number of gallons of clams, the seller shall re897 ceive pay for the number of gallons it contains,

898 and shall pay the expense of measuring and

899 coopering; otherwise the purchaser shall pay

900 such expense.

1879-80 Revised

L a w s, p. 543, chap.

56.

Weighers of flsh. 901 The mayor and aldermen of cities and the

902 selectmen of town, in which salt water flsh are

903 landed from vessels, shall annually appoint a

904 public weigher of fish, who shall hold office for one

905 year from the time of his appointment and un906 til his successor is appointed, shall be sworn to

907 the faithful performance of his official duties

908 and shall give bond with sureties in the sum of

909 five thousand dollars.

Sec. 29.

Fish to be weighed upon request or de- 910 All fish when landed from vessels or boats See. 31. mand.

911 shall be weighed by such weigher or his depu912 ties, upon the request or demand of the buyer

913 or seller of such fish or of the master, agents or

914 a majority of the crew of such vessel or boat;

915 and the weigher shall issue a certificate of

916 weight to the seller and a duplicate to the buyer.

Berord of weight,

etc. , to be kept. 917 The deputies shall make report to the weigher Sec. 32.

918 of the fish weighed by them, and he shall keep

919 a complete record of such weight with the date

920 of weighing, the name of the vessel from which

921 the fish were taken and the person for whom

922 the fish were weighed. Such scales, beams,

923 measures or balances as may be required by the

924 weigher or his deputies shall be properly sealed

925 according to law and be under his supervision.

Fees for weighing. 926 The fees for weighing shall be twenty cents

927 per one thousand pounds, but in no case less

928 than one dollar, and shall be paid by the person

Sec. 33.
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES. 213

MASS.

Date. Provisions. Subject.

1879-80 applying to have the fish weighed. The deputies shall pay to the weigher two cents per one

thousand pounds for all fish weighed by them.

A weigher or any of his deputies who violates

his oath of of&ce shall be liable to a penalty of

not less than twenty -five nor more than onehundred dollars and shall forfeit his position.

In each market or town where beef cattle are

sold for the purpose of market or barrelling,

the mayor and alderman or selectmen shall

appoint one or more persons, conveniently situated in such city or town and not dealers in cattle, to be weighers of beef, who shall be sworn.

Fees for weighing cattle shall be paid by the

vendor and shall be twenty cents for each of

the first five ; fifteen cents for each of the sec - ond five ; ten cents each from eleven to twenty,

inclusive; five cents for each above twenty;

also twelve and one -half cents for each certificate which shall contain the weight of each of

the cattle weighed for one person, unless the

vendor requests a division thereof.

A loaf of bread for sale shall be two pounds

in weight. Bread, unless composed in chief

part of rye or maize, shall be sold in whole,

half, three-quarter and quarter loaves, but not

otherwise.

Bread, when sold, shall, upon request of the

buyer, be weighed in his presence and, if found

deficient in weight, additional bread shall be

delivered to make up the legal weight.

Whoever violates any of the provisions of the

three preceding sections shall forfeit ten dollars

for each offence, to the use of the informer.

The provisions of the four preceding sections

shall not apply to rolls or to fancy bread weighing less than one -quarter of a pound.

All fruits, vegetables and nuts, if sold by

measure, shall be sold by dry measure, and

929

930

931

932

933

934

935

936

937

938

939

940

941

942

943

944

945

946

947

948

949

950

951

952

953

954

955

956

957

958

959

960

961

962

963

964

965

966

967

Penalty on weigher,

etc., for Tlolatlng oath of ofBce.

Weighers of beef.

—fees of.

Weight of loaTes.

Bread to be weighed,

etc.

Penalty.

Rolls and fancy

bread.

Fruits, etc., to be

sold by dry measure.
214

9IA8S. WEIGHTS AND MEASUEES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject. Provisions. Date.

1879-80

Sale of certain berries.

Muts, etc., measured

by the strike.

drain and meal, lion

sold.

Sales by bushel or

cental.

968

969

970

971

972

973

974

976

976

977

978

979

980

981

982

983

984

985

986

987

988

989

990

991

992

993

994

996

996

997

998

999

1000

1001

1002

1003

1004

1005

1006

whoever violates the provisions of this section

shall forfeit not more than ten dollars for each

offence.

Baskets or other receptacles holding one quart

or less which are used or intended to be used in

the sale of strawberries, blackberries, cherries,

currants or gooseberries shall be of the capacity

of one quart, one pint or one -half pint, Massachusetts standard dry measure. Whoever sells or offers for sale a basket or other receptacle

holding one quart or less to be used in the sale

of any of the aforesaid fruit which does not

conform to said standard, shall be punished by a

fine of not less than five nor more than ten dollars for each offence. Said baskets or other

receptacles shall not be required to be tested

and scaled as provided by chapter sixty -two,

but the sealer or deputy sealer of weights and

measures of any city or town or the deputy

sealer of the commonwealth may, if he. so

desires, and shall, upon complaint, test the

capacity of any basket or other receptacle in

which any of the aforesaid fruit is sold or intended to be sold ; and if the same is found

to contain less than the standard measure he

shall sieze the same and make complaint against

the vendor.

Chestnuts, walnuts, cranberries and all other

berries when sold shall, subject to the provisions of the preceding section, be measured by

the strike or level measure.

In all contracts for the sale and delivery of

wheat, corn, rye, oats, barley, buckwheat,

cracked corn, ground corn or corn meal, ground

rye or rye meal, or feed, or any other meal except

oatmeal, cider apples, beans or peas, the same

shall, except as provided in chapter sixty -two,

be bargained for and sold either by the bushel

or by the cental.
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES. 215

Date. Provisions. Subject.

1879-80 The mayor and aldermen of cities and selectmen of towns shall annually appoint one or more

measurers of grain ; and if only one is appointed

by them, they may authorize him to appoint

deputy - measurers

Each of such measurers and deputies shall,

upon request of a party to a contract for the

sale by the bushel of any quantity exceeding one

bushel of either of the articles mentioned in

section four of chapter sixty -two, ascertain the

weight thereof and give a certificate of the num - ber of bushels, as ascertained by weight according to the rule prescribed in said section.

Whoever sells or delivers by the bushel any

quantity, exceeding one bushel, of either of the

articles aforesaid, if the same has not been

weighed by one of the measures of grain, shall

forfeit to the purchaser two dollars for every

measured bushel so delivered which does not

contain the required number of pounds.

If said articles are sold by cental, the measurers and their deputies, upon application as before provided, shall give a certificate of the

number of centals of the same; and whoever

sells and delivers a quantity of the same exceed - ing one cental, if it has not been weighed by

said measurers, shall forfeit to the purchaser

ten dollars for every lot, purporting to be a

cental, which contains less than one hundred

pounds.

The fees of measurers of grain shall be prescribed by the mayor and aldermen or by the

selectmen of the several places in which they

are appointed, and one -half shall be paid by

the seller and one -half by the purchaser.

If a measurer or deputy measurer uses, or has

in his possession with intent to use for the purposes herein provided, any false weight, scale,

balance or other instrument for weighing, or

1007

1008

1009

1010

1011

1012

1013

1014

1016

1016

1017

1018

1019

1020

1021

1022

1023

1024

1025

1026

1027

1028

1029

1030

1031

1032

1033

1034

1035

1036

1037

1038

1039

1040

1041

1042

1043

1044

1045

DIeasurers of grain to be appointed.

—Duties of.

Penalty for sheet

weight.

Certificate of sale by

cental.

Fees of nieasarers.

Penalty for light

weights.
216

HASS. WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject. Provisions. Date.

Size of casks, etr. for gunpowder.

Weighers of hay.

Weighers of hay.

Inspectors of pressed hay and straw.

1046

1047

1048

1049

1050

1051

1052

1053

1054

1055

1056

1057

1058

1069

1060

1061

1062

1063

1064

1065

1066

1067

1068

1069

1070

1071

1072

1073

1074

1075

1076

1077

1078

1079

1080

1081

1082

1083

1084

colludes with the purchaser or seller with intent

to defraud the other party, or makes and utters a false and fraudulent certiJ&cate under the provisions of this chapter, he may be removed

from office by the mayor and aldermen or se- lectmen, and shall also on conviction thereof be

punisTied by a fine of not more than five hundred dollars and by imprisonment for not more

than six months.

Gunpowder manufactured in this commonwealth shall be put into strong and tight casks

containing twenty -five, fifty or one hundred

pounds each, or quantities of not more than

five pounds, into copper, brass or tin canisters

and closely covered with copper, brass or tin covers.

If the city council of a city or town accepts

the provisions of this section or has accepted

the corresponding provisions of earlier laws,

the mayor and aldermen or selectmen may frorti

time to time appoint, for a term not exceeding

one year, weighers of hay who shall have the

superintendence of the hay scales belonging to

such city or town, and shall weigh hay offered

for sale therein and any other articles offered to

be weighed. Such weighers of hay may be at

any time removed by such mayor and aldermen or selectmen. Cities and towns may es- tablish ordinances and by-laws for the regulation of hay scales and of the compensation of

weighers of hay. A person who, not having

been so appointed, sets up hay scales in a city or town for the purpose of weighing hay or other

articles shall forfeit to the use of such city or town twenty dollars a month, so long as such

scales are continued.

The mayor and aldermen of a city or the

selectmen of a town in which pressed or bundled

hay or straw is sold may, on the petition of ten

1879-80
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES. 217

MASS.

Date. Provisions. Subject.

1879-80 or more voters thereof, annually appoint one or more inspectors of pressed or bundled hay and

straw, who shall be sworn. They may remove

any inspector so appointed, fill any vacancy and

fix the fees for inspecting, weighing and marking, which shall be paid by the person employing the inspector.

Each inspector shall provide himself with

proper scales, weights, seals and other suitable

instruments and, on request of the owner or

seller, shall inspect and weigh all pressed or bundled hay and straw within the limits of the

city, town or ward for which he maybe appointed.

Bales or bundles of hay or straw so inspected,

which are found to be sweet, of good quality and

free from damage or improper mixture shall be

branded or marked "No. 1." Such bales or bundles of hay or straw of a secondary quality

shall be branded or marked "No. 2." Bales or bundles of hay or straw found to be wet or dam - aged, or which contain substances not valuable

as hay or straw, as the case may be, shall be

branded or marked "Bad." Each bale or bundle so inspected shall be branded or marked

with the name of the inspector, the city or town

for which he is appointed, the month and year

when the inspection is made and net weight of

the bundle.

See Rev. Laws, p. 543, ch. 57, sec. 39.

A dealer in ice who refuses or neglects to pro - vide scales for each wagon used by him for the

delivery of ice or, on request of the purchaser

of ice, refuses or neglects to weigh the same

when delivered or gives false weight shall for

each offense be punished by a fine of not more

than fifty dollars.

Whoever, having charge of the delivery of ice

from a wagon, not being a dealer in ice, refuses

on the request of the purchaser of ice to weigh

085

086

087

088

089

090

091

092

093

094

096

096

097

098

099

00

01

02

03

04

05

06

07

08

09

10

11

12

13

14

16

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

-Duties of.

Pressed hay and

straw, how numbered and marked.

Penalty for selling without Inspection,

etc. Ice dealers to have

scales.

Penalty for giving

false weight.
218

MASS. WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject. Provisions. Date.

1879-80

({iialltf of lime and

casks.

Penalty.

Survey of marble, etc.

Casks, hOTT branded.

Sales of potatoes,

onions, and salt.

1124

1125

1126

1127

1128

1129

1130

1131

1132

1133

1134

1135

1136

1137

1138

1139

1140

1141

1142

1143

1144

1145

1146

1147

1148

1149

1150

1151

1152

1153

1154

11.55

1156

1157

1158

1169

1160

1161

1162

the same when it is delivered or gives false

weight, shall be punished by a fine of not more

than ten dollars.

No stone lime manufactured within this commonwealth shall be sold or exposed to sale, or shipped on board a vessel in casks, unless it is

well burnt and pure, in good and sufficient new

casks, containing either fifty or one hundred

gallons each, made of well -seasoned heads and

staves, with ten good and sufficient hoops on

each cask, well driven and sufficiently secured

with nails or pins.

Whoever sells, exposes for sale, ships or re- ceives on board a vessel in casks, any lime manufactured in this commonwealth, other than

such as is contained in casks made according to

the provisions of the preceding section and having the aforesaid marks or brands respectively,

shall forfeit one dollar and fifty cents for each

cask sold, exposed for sale, shipped or received

on board a vessel; but the provisions of this

chapter shall not restrain any person from retailing lime by the bushel or other quantities,

when not in casks.

The mayor and aldermen of a city or selectmen of a town may establish regulations, with

suitable penalties, relative to the appointment

of a surveyor and the survey and measurement

of marble, soapstone and freestone of every

description, foreign or American, imported or brought into such place for sale.

Every cask or wrought, cut or wire nails or brads shall be marked or branded on the head

by the manufacturer, in plain, legible letters,

with his name and the net weight of the contents of the cask.

In order to ascertain the mean or true weight

of potatoes, onions or salt, the vendor shall

weigh ten measures at least in every hundred
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES. 219

MASS.

Eeference. Date. Provisions. Subject.

R e T I s e d

LaiTS, p. 1879-80 bushels, five measures at least in every fifty "es

543, chap.

67. bushels and two measures at least in every less ne*

quantity than fifty bushels sold, unless the

vendor and vendee appoint a third person to nes measure or ascertain the weight or quantity of ii67 the same or unless they agree on such weight

or quantity, or unless the amount sold does not nes exceed ten bushels and the vendee does not n^"

require the same to be weighed. Whoever sells "^i

potatoes, onions or salt, without so ascertaining

the weight, shall forfeit two dollars for every i^a

bushel sold and in like proportion for a greater or less quantity, to the use of the person who ii7->

first prosecutes therefor. n^e

Sec. 61. Every manufacturer of cotton, linen or silk u"

sewing -thread, and every person engaged in n^s

putting up such thread on spools, or in packages 1179 of four ounces weight or less not wound on nso spools, shall, before the same is offered for sale, "si

affix to or impress upon each spool of such usa thread, and upon each package of such thread "ss not wound on spools, a label or stamp designat- nsi

ing the quantity of thread which each spool or uss package contains, either by giving the length in use yards or by giving the weight. ^^^^

Sewing thread to be

labeled.

Spools or packases of thread.

Sec. 63. Any such person who neglects to affix such

lable to or to impress such stamp upon each ^^^^ spool and package of thread, or affixes to or impresses upon, or causes or suffers to be affixed ""^ to or impressed upon, any spool or package of

thread intended for sale, a label or stamp specifying that such spool or package contains a greater number of yards or a greater quantity i^^-^ of thread than five per cent than such spool or package contains, shall forfeit five dollars for n^'' each spool or package so without a label or stamp or falsely labelled or stamped, which is

sold or delivered to any person to be sold, i-"" one -half of which shall be to the use of the 1201

Penalty for neslect- Ine to afBs label.
220

MASS. WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject. Provisions. Date.

Penalty for selllnir thread falsely.

Certain bobbins ex- empted.

Measurers of wood

and bark.

Measurers may act In adjoining town.

Cord wood, dimensions of.

Penalty for selling wood. etc., not measured.

1202

1203

1204

1205

1206

1207

1208

1209

1210

1211

1212

1213

1214

1215

1216

1217

1218

1219

1220

1221

1222

1223

1224

1225

1226

1227

1228

1229

1230

1231

1232

1233

1234

1235

1236

1237

1238

1289

1240

commonwealth and one -half to the use of the

person who sues therefor.

A merchant, jobber or trader who sells or offers for sale cotton, linen or silk sewing thread,

put up either on spools, or in packages of the

weight of four ounces or less not wound on

spools, which is not labelled or stamped, or which

is falsely labelled or stamped as regards length

or quantity by an amount greater than five per

cent of the true length or quantity, shall be

liable to the penalty provided in the preceding

section.

Ready wound bobbins of thread adapted for use in sewing machine shuttles shall be exempt

from the provisions of the three preceding

sections.

The city council of a city and a town shall

annually choose one or more measurers of wood

and bark, who shall hold office during the year

and until others are chosen and qualified in their

stead, and who shall be sworn. Town may, by

vote fixing the number to be chosen, delegates

the appointment of such measurers to the

selectmen.

Such measurers may, in the manner prescribed

for surveyors of lumber in section seven of

chapter sixty, be licensed to act in a town

adjoining that for which they are elected or appointed.

Cord wood exposed for sale shall be either

four, three or two feet long, including half the

kerf; and the cord of wood, being well and

closely laid together, shall measure a quantity

equal to a cord of eight feet in length, four in

width and four in height.

If fire^^ood or bark which is exposed for sale

in a market or upon a cart or other vehicle is

offered for sale before it has been measured by

a public measurer of wood and bark and before

1879-80
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES. 221

MASS.

Date. Provisions. Subject.

1879-80 a ticket thereof signed by him has been delivered 12"

to the driver, certifying the quantity which the i-'is load contains, the name of the driver and the 1243 place in whioh he resides, the driver and owner i2«

shall for eacfi load thereof severally forfeit five 1245 dollars. 12*6 Measurers of wood and bark in any city or 1247 town shall be entitled to such fees for their 1248 services as the mayor and alderman or select- 1249 men shall establish ; and the fees shall in each 1250 case be paid to the measurer by the driver and 1251 shall be repaid by the purchaser. 1252 Cord wood brought by water into a city or 125."? town for sale, and landed, shall be measured by 1254 a public measurer ; and for that purpose the 1255 wood shall be corded and piled by itself in 1256 ranges, making up in height what shall be 1257 wanting in length, and, being so measured, a 1258 ticket shall be given to the purchaser, who shall 1259 pay the stated fees for such service. Cities and 1260 towns may establish ordinances and by-laws, 1261 with suitable penalties, for the inspection, sur- 1262 vey, measurement and sale of wood, coal and 1263 bark for fuel brought into such places for sale, 1264 and may also provide for the appointment of 1260 inspectors, surveyors and other officers and 1266 establish their fees, ' 1267 Each wharfinger, carter or driver who con- 1268 veys firewood or bark from a wharf or landing 1269 place shall be furnished by the owner or seller 1270 with a ticket certifying the quantity which the 1271 load contains and the name of the driver ; and 1272

if firewood or bark is thus conveyed without 1273 such ticket accompanying the same, or if a 1274 driver refuses to produce and show such ticket 1275 on demand to any sworn measurer, or to give 1276 his consent to have the same measured, or if 1277 such ticket certifies a greater quantity of wood 127s or bark than the load contains in the opinion 1

Fees of measurers.

Measurement of

water-borne wood.

Fee ticket.

7!>

Tickets showing

quantity in load.
222 WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

MASS.

Subject. Provisions. Date. Reference.

Annual test of sur- vefors' apparatus.

1280 of the measurer after measuring the same, the

1281 driver and owner shall for each load thereof

1282 forfeit five dollars. The provisions of this

1283 chapter shall not extend to a person who trans -

1284 ports, carts or causes to be transpo'i'ted or carted

128.5 from a wharf or landing place to his own dwell -

1286 ing house or store cord wood or bark which he

1287 has purchased on a wharf or landing place, or

1288 which he has landed thereon upon his own

1289 account.

* 1290 AH apparatus for linear measurements used

1291 by a land surveyor shall be annually tested and

1292 proved by the sealer of weights and measures

1293 in the city or town in which such surveyor re1294 sides or has his office, and all chains, tapes or

1295 other apparatus used for linear measurements

1296 which cannot be made to conform to the stand -

1297 ard shall be marked " condemned," or " CD.,"

1298 by the sealer of weights and measures, and

1299 shall not thereafter be used by any surveyor for

1300 measuring land, under a penalty of twenty dol1301 lars for each offence.

1879-80 Revised

Laws, p. 543, chap.

67.

Sec. 80.

Chap. 61.

Sec. 5.
mu;h.

Date. Provisions.

1897 The weights and measures, together with the

scales and beams, and those made in conformity

therewith, which are now, or may hereafter he

deposited in the treasury of this state, shall be

preserved by the treasurer, and be the public

standards.

The treasurer of the state shall be the state

sealer of weights and measures, and he shall

have and keep a seal, which shall be so formed

as to impress the letter " M " upon the weights

and measures, and scales and beams, to be sealed

by him, with which he shall seal all such authorized public standards of weights and measures,

and all the weights and measures, and scales and

beams to be provided by the several counties,

when examined by said treasurer, and found to

be in conformity with the standard weights and

measures, and scales and beams aforesaid.

The board of supervisors of each county for

which the same have not already been obtained,

shall procure, for the use and at the expense of

their county, a complete set of weights and

measures, and scales and beams, in exact conformity with those remaining in the state

treasury; except that the same may be made of

such suitable materials as the supervisors may

direct, which shall be tried and proved by the

said treasurer, and be by him sealed and

certified.

When so sealed and certified, such weights

and measures, scales and beams, shall be deposited with the county clerk, who shall be the

sealer of weights and measures for the county

1

2

3

*

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

1-2

13

14

15

IG

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

32

Subject.

Standards.

State sealer. Duties.

Supervisors to pro- cure standards

from State sealer.

County standards to be deposited with

clerk.

22,3
224

9II0H. WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject. Provisions. Date.

His duties.

County standards to be tried once In five years.

When county stand- ards to be procured

by treasurer.

Standards for each township, how pro- cured.

34

35

36

37

38

39

40

41

42

43

44

45

4f.

47

48

49

50

51

62

53

54

55

56

57

68

69

60

61

62

63

64

65

66

67

68

69

70

71

72

and the same shall be kept by him as the standard of weights and measures for the county;

and the said clerk shall also provide and keep a

seal similar to the seal required to be kept by

the state treasurer, with which he shall seal the

weights and measures, and scales and beams, to

be provided by the several townships.

Once in every five years from the first day of

January, eighteen hundred and forty -five, each

county clerk for the time being shall cause the

said standards in his keeping to be tried, proved

and sealed by the state standards, under the

direction of the state treasurer.

If the board of supervisors of any county

which has not heretofore provided such standards, shall neglect for six months to provide the

same, and cause them to be tried and proved,

and sealed as aforesaid, and delivered to the

clerk of the county, it shall be the duty of the

clerk to notify the county treasurer of such

neglect, and such county treasurer shall immediately provide such standards, and cause the

same to be tried, proved, sealed, and deposited

as aforesaid, at the expense of his county.

The township board of each township shall

procure to be made and provided, when it shall

not heretofore have been done, for the use, and

at the expense of the township, a complete set

of weights and measures, and scales and beams,

in conformity with the standards kept by the

clerk of the county, which shall be tried, proved,

and sealed, and certified by the county clerk, by

the standards remaining in his office, and such

weights and measures, scales and beams, so

tried, sealed and certified, shall be delivered to,

and kept by the clerk of the township, as standards for the township ; such township standards

to be made of such suitable materials as the

township board shall direct ; and the said board

1897
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES. 225

MICH.

Date. Provisions. Subject.

1897 shall also provide a seal similar to the state seal,

to be kept by the township clerk.

The township clerk of each township shall be

the sealer of weights and measures therein, and

shall have the care and custody of the standard

weights and measures of his township, and shall

seal weights and measures, scales ajad beams,

used within his township, after having tried and

proved them by the township standards.

The clerk of each township shall, once in each

year, some time in the month of April, put up

a written notice in three of the most public

places in the township, stating therein the time

and place when and where he will attend such

of the inhabitants as live within the limits

described in the several notices aforesaid, and

seal all such of their great and small scales,

beams, weights and measures as are found to be

accurate, and as they shall bring for that purpose.

The township clerk shall be entitled to demand and receive from the person for whom

the service is rendered, for trying, proving, and

sealing as aforesaid, three cents for each scale,

beam, weight or measure found not to be con- formable thereto, and two cents for each scale,

beam, weight or measure found to be conformable thereto.

The township clerk shall go, once in every

year, to the houses, stores and shops of such

merchants, traders, retailers of spirituous liquors, and of such other of the inhabitants of

the township, using scales, beams, weights and

measures, for the purpose of buying and selling, as shall neglect to bring or send in their scales,

beams, weights and measures, and he shall

there try, prove, and seal the same.

For the service required in the last preceding

section, the township clerk shall be entitled to

demand and receive of such merchants, or other

19150—05 15

73

74

75

76

77

78

79

80

81

82

83

84

85

86

87

88

89

90

91

92

93

94

95

90

97

98

99

100

101

102

103

104

105

106

107

108

109

110

111

Township sealer, his

rtuty.

Notice of annual seal- ing.

Compensation of township clerk.

Annual vislttostores,

etc., to try weights and measures.

Double fees.
226

HIGH. WEIGHTS AISTD MEASUEES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject. Provisions. Date.

Donble fees.

Fees of county clerks

for sealing, etc.

When township clerk

to procnre standard.

Penalty on sealer for

neglect, etc.

Tlbrating steelyards.

Con^^t^uction of cer- tain contracts.

Standard measare of

fruits, etc.

112

113

114

115

116

117

118

119

120

121

122

123

124

125

126

127

128

129

130

131

132

133

134

135

136

137

138

139

140

141

142

143

144

145

146

147

148

149

150

persons, double the fees hereinbefore provided

for the like services, together with four cents for

every mile he shall necessarily travel for that

purpose going out and returning home.

The county clerk shall be entitled to receive

from each township clerk a fee of three cents,

for the first sealing of every weight, measure,

scale,^ or beam, and two cents for every subiiequent sealing of the same.

If the township board of any township, after

notice to them that the standard of weights and

measures for the county have been deposited

with the county clerk, shall neglect, for the

space of six months, to provide standard

weights and measures for their township, as above directed, it shall be the duty of the township clerk forthwith thereafter to procure the

same at the expense of the township.

If any sealer of weights and measures shall

neglect to perform his duty, as prescribed in

this chapter, he shall forfeit, for each neglect,

the sum of five dollars.

The vibrating steelyards, which have heretofore been allowed and used in this state, may

continue to be used; but each beam, and the

poises thereof, shall be annually tried, proved,

and sealed, by a sealer of weights and measures,

like other beams and weights.

When any commodity shall be sold by the

hundred weight, it shall be understood to mean

the net weight of one hundred pounds avoirdupois, and all contracts concerning goods or commodities sold by weight, shall be construed

accordingly, unless such construction would be

manifestly inconsistent with the special agreement of the parties contracting.

The half bushel and the parts thereof shall

be the standard measure for fruits and other

commodities customarily sold by heaped meas1897
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES. 227

MICH.

Date. Provisions. Subject.

1897 lire; and in measuring such commodities the

half bushel or other smaller measure shall be

heaped as high as may be, without special effort or design; and the standard measure of charcoal shall be twenty -seven hundred and forty

eight cubic inches for each and every bushel

thereof.

The people of the state of Michigan enact,

That whenever wheat, rye, shelled corn, corn on the cob, corn meal, oats, buckwheat, beans,

clover seed, timothy seed, flax seed, hemp seed,

millet seed, blue grass seed, red top seed,

barley, dried apples, dried peaches, potatoes,

potatoes (sweet) , onions, turnips, peas, cranberries, dried plums, castor beans, salt, mineral coal, Hungarian grass seed, orchard grass

seed, osage orange seed, shall be sold by the

bushel, and no special agreement as to the

measure or weight thereof shall be made by

the parties, the measure thereof shall be ascer- tained by weight, and^ shall be computed as follows, viz:

Sixty pounds for a bushel of wheat

Fifty -six pounds for a bushel of rye;

Fifty -six pounds for a bushel of shelled corn

Seventy pounds for a bushel of corn on the

cob

Fifty pounds for a bushel of corn meal

Thirty -two pounds for a bushel of oats;

Forty -eight pounds for a bushel of buckwheat

Sixty pounds for a bushel of beans

Sixty pounds for a bushel of clover seed

Forty -five pounds for a bushel of timothy

seed;

Fifty -six pounds for a bushel of flax seed;

Forty -four pounds for a bushel of hemp seed;

Fifty pounds for a bushel of millet or Hungarian grass seed;

Bushel of charcoal.

Produce sold by

bushel ascertained by weight.

Weight per bushel of grain and other

products.
228

MICH. WEIGHTS AND MEASUEES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject. Provisions.

Weight per bushel of produce.

Weight of bushel

stone lime.

Apples.

Duty of persons

weighing cattle, etc.

189

190

191

192

193

194

195

196

197

198

199

200

201

202

203

204

205

206

207

208

209

210

211

212

218

214

215

216

217

218

219

220

221

222

223

224

225

226

227

Fourteen pounds for a bushel of blue grass

seed;

Fourteen pounds for a bushel of red top seed

;

Forty -eight pounds for a bushel of barley;

Twenty -two pounds for a bushel of dried

apples

;

Twenty -eight pounds for a bushel of dried

peaches

;

Sixty pounds for a bushel of potatoes

;

Fifty -six pounds for a bushel of sweet potatoes;

Fiftj^'-four pounds for a bushel of onions;

Fifty -eight pounds for a bushel of turnips;

Sixty pounds for a bushel of peas

;

Forty pounds for a bushel of cranberries

;

Twenty -eight pounds for a bushel of dried

plums

;

Forty -six pounds for a bushel of castor beans

;

Fifty -six pounds for a bushel of Michigan

salt;

Eighty pounds for a bushel of mineral coal

;

Fourteen pounds for a bushel of orchard grass

seed

;

Thirty -three pounds for a bushel of osage

orange seed.

The people of the state of Michigan enact,

That whenever stone -lime is sold, and no special agreement is made by the parties, the bushel

shall consist of seventy pounds.

The people of the state of Michigan enact.

That whenever apples are bought or sold by

weight forty -eight pounds shall constitute a bushel.

The people of the state of Michigan enact.

That every person who shall weigh for any person purchasing, or selling, or offering for sale,

any live stock, neat cattle, sheep, swine, poultry, or other live animals, or any beef, pork, mutton,

fowls, or other animals when dressed, or any

Date.

1863

Mar. 20. [18971

1871

Apr. 8.

1877

Apr. 20.

1881 June 1.

Eeference.

MUler'sCompiled LaiTS, 1897, chap. 12 4, pp. 1558-9.

Sec. 4900.

Sec. 4901.

Sec. 4902.

Sec. 4903.
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES. 229

MICH.

Eeference. Date. Pro\nsions. Subject.

Miller's Com

plied Laws,

1897, chap. 124,p.l5o9,

Sec. 4903.

(1881) 1897

Sec. 4904.

P. 1560.

Sec. 4905. 1871

Apr. 13

Sec. 4906. 1869

Mar. 8

Sec. ^907. 1877 May 9

hay, grain, or produce, shall make a true and

correct weight or weights thereof, and give to

the purchaser and seller, or person offering the

same for sale, when requested, the true, full,

correct, and gross amount of any and all such

weights.

Every person who shall willfully violate any

of the provisions of this act shall be deemed

guilty of a misdemeanor, and on conviction

thereof shall be punished by a fine not exceeding fifty dollars, or by imprisonment in the

county jail not exceeding three months, or by

both such fine and imprisonment, in the discretion of the court.

The people of the state of Michigan enact.

That the quantity known as a box or basket of

peaches shall contain seven hundred and sixteen

and four -fifths cubic inches, or one -third of a bushel strict measure.

The people of the state of Michigan enact.

That the quantity known as a barrel of fruit,

roots, or vegetables shall be that quantity contained in a barrel made from staves twenty

seven inches in length, and each head sixteen

and one -half inches in diameter, or ordinary

flour -barrel size.

The people of the state of Michigan enact.

That when any person or persons, party or

parties, shall offer for sale or sell in any township, village, or city, within this state, any

fruits or vegetables contained in drawers or

cases, boxes or baskets, represented to hold one

bushel or any fractional part thereof, said

drawers, boxes, cases, or baskets, shall be of

the dimensions to hold, and shall hold the quantity offered for sale or sold, whether by the

bushel of thirty -two quarts or any fractional

part thereof.

228

229

230

231

232

233

234

235

236

237

238

239

240

241

242

243

244

245

246

247

248

249

250

251

252

253

254

255

256

257

258

259

260

261

262

263

264

265

Correct weights to be

given.

Penalty for Tlolation

of act.

Size of peach baskets.

Barrels.

Frnlt, etc. , not to be

sold in less qnantltles than represented.
230

MICH. WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Provisions. Date.

266

Fruit baskets to be marked as to number of pounds.

Any person or persons violating the provisions

267 of the foregoing section, upon conviction before

268 any court of competent jurisdiction, shall be

269 liable to a fine not less than five dollars nor more

270 than twenty dollars, and imprisonment for a

271 term not to exceed three months, or either or

272 both, in the discretion of said court.

273 The people of the state of Michigan enact:

274 That all manufacturers of peach baskets and

255 other fruit packages designed for the shipment

276 of peaches, grapes and plums, and all shippers

277 and dealers in the same, shall mark or cause to

278 be marked in a plain manner on the outside,

279 otherwise than the bottom, of such baskets or

280 packages, the capacity of each basket or pack281 age in pounds at the rate of one pound for each

282 forty -three and eight -thousandths cubic inches

283 of space contained in such basket or package.

284 Any manufacturer of or dealer in peach

285 baskets, or other fruit package designed for the

286 shipment of peaches, grapes and plums, who

287 shall sell or offer to sell such basket or packages

288 without complying with the provisions of this

289 act, shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor,

290 and upon conviction thereof in any court of

291 competent jurisdiction, shall be fined not less

292 than twenty -five dollars nor more than one

293 hundred dollars, and stand committed to the

294 county jail until such fine and costs are paid.

1877

1895 May 31
MEN^^^ESOTA.

MINN.

Reference. Date. Provisions. Subject.

General Statutes, 1894, chap. 21,

p. 591.

Sec. 2195.

Sec. 2196.

Sec. 2197.

1866 1878 The standard weights and measures received i from the secretary of state of the United States, 2 and all scale beams, weights and measures 3 owned by this state, shall be deposited in the * office of the state treasurer, who shall receive 5 and preserve the same. e The state treasurer shall be the sealer of ? weights and measures for the state. He shall » try and prove by said standards all weights and 9 measures scales or beams sent or brought to 10 him for that purpose by any county sealer, and n

shall seal such, when found to be accurate, by 12 stamping upon them the letters "Minn." with 13 a seal he shall have and keep for that purpose. 1* The treasurer of each county shall be the 15 sealer of weights and measures for the county,

He shall procure, at the expense of the county

(if not already provided), a full set of weights is and measures, scales and beams, which he shall 19 cause to be tried, proved and sealed by the state 20 standard, and certified by the state treasurer; 21 and the county treasurer for the time being, 22 once in every five years from the first day of 23 January, eighteen hundred and sixty five, shall 24 cause the standards in his keeping to be tried, 25 proved and sealed by the state standards, under 26 the direction of the state treasurer. Such 27 weights and measures when so sealed and cer- 28 tified, shall be deposited in the office of the 29 county treasurer as the county standards, by so which he shall try and prove all scale-beams, si steelyard weights and measures brought to him 32 for that purpose, and shall seal such, when ss

standards.

Sealer.

County sealer.

County standards.

231
232

MINN. WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject.

stamping.

Fee.

Deputy sealers.

Measure for charcoal.

Standards.

Dry measure.

Provisions.

34 found to be accurate, by stamping upon them

35 the letters "Minn." with a seal he shall have

36 and keep for that purpose. And for each try37 ing and proving, whether sealed or not, he shall

38 receive a fee of five cents, for every scale-beam,

39 steelyard, weight or measure,

40 The county treasurer of each organized county

41 shall have the power to appoint in writing a

42 deputy sealer of weights and measures for each

43 railroad station and wheat market in the county,

44 each of which appointments shall be recorded

45 in the office of register of deeds, and thereupon

46 each of said deputies shall have all the powers,

47 and shall be competent to perform all the duties,

48 of such office, and shall, in case of wilful neglect

49 or refusal to faithfully discharge the duties re6« quired of him by law, be punished in accordance

51 with the provisions of this act relating to the

52 office of sealer of weights and measures.

63 Every basket or other measure by which char54 coal is sold shall not be less in its average diam56 eter than twenty inches, and of sufficient depth

66 to contain four thousand eight hundred and

thirty -nine cubic inches, which shall be ac- counted two bushels.

Sec. 1. That section 6 of chapter 21 of the

General Statutes of 1878, being sections 2200

and 2201 of the General Statutes of 1894 be

amended to read as follows, viz

:

Dimensions for selling commodities by dry

64 measure: The unit or standard measure of ca65 pacity for all commodities sold by dry measure,

66 from which all other measures shall be derived

67 and ascertained, is the standard half bushel

68 containing ten hundred seventy -five cubic

69 inches and two -tenths of a cubic inch. The

70 peck, half peck (or gallon) , quarter peck, quart

71 and pint measures for measuring such commod - aAmendins: sections 2200 and 2201 of the General Statutes of 1894.

57

58

59

<10

61

62

63

Date.

1866

1878

1903

Apr. 21

Eeference.

General Statutes, 1894, chap. 21,

p, 591.

Sec, 2197,

Sec. 2198.

Sec. 2199.

Laws of

1903, chap, 368.a
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES. 233

MINN.

Date. Provisions. Subject.

1903 ities shall be derived from the half bushel by '2 siiccessively dividing that measure by two, viz

Cubical contents of the— Cubic inches. ^* Standard half bushel 1,075.2 "

Standard peck 537. 6 '6 Half peck or gallon 268. 8 "

Quarter peck 134.4

Quart 67.

Pint 33.6 80 Bushel 2,150,4 si Sec. 2. Liquid measure : For all commodities

in liquid form except beer and milk. The units ^3 or standards of measure of capacity for liquids

from which all other measures shall be derived

and ascertained shall be the standard wine galIon, containing two hundred thirty -one cubic

inches and its parts and multiples, as follows,

vi^ : 89 Cubic inches. The standard gallon contains 231 90 The standard quart contains 57.75 91 The standard pint contains 28. 875 92 The standard gill contains 7.21875 93 The standard barrel contains »* Gallons 31.50 93 The standard hogshead contains

Gallons 63 97 Beer and milk measures shall contain the fol- 98 lowing capacities : The gallon shall contain two 99 hundred eighty -two cubic inches. The half 100 gallon shall contain one hundred forty -one 101 cubic inches, and the quart one -half as much 102 and the pint one -half as much as the quart. 10s Sec. 3. Units of Length and Surface: The ">* unit or standard measure of length and surface 105 from which all other measures of extension, loe whether lineal, superficial or solid, shall be 107 derived and ascertained, is the standard yard los measure, which is divided into three equal parts 109

Contents of dry measures.

Liquid measure.

Standard gallon.

Special gallon for beer and milk.

Length.
234

mm.

WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject. Provisions. Date. Reference.

Lengths.

Net hnndredirelght.

Weight of bushel.

called feet and each foot into twelve equal parts

called inches.

The rod, pole or perch contains five and onehalf yards. The mile contains seventeen hundred sixty yards. The chain for measuring

lands is twenty -two yards long and is divided

into one hundred equal parts called links. The

acre contains ten square chains or one hundred

sixty square rods. There are six hundred forty

square acres in one square mile.

When any commodity is sold by the hundred - weight, it shall be understood to mean the net

weight of one hundred pounds avoirdupois,

and all contracts concerning goods or commodities shall be construed accordingly, unless such

construction is manifestly inconsistent with the

special agreement of the parties contracting,

(Sec, 2203 of Stat, 1894 is amended to read as follows) : Whenever any of the following articles shall

be contracted for or sold or delivered, and no

special contract or agreement shall be made to

the contrary, the weight avoirdupois per bushel

shall be as follows, to -wit: Apples, green, fifty

pounds; apples, dried, 28 pounds; beans, 60

pounds; barley, 48 pounds; buckwheat, 50

pounds; beets, 50 pounds; blue grass seed, 14

pounds; blueberries, 42 pounds; broom corn

seed, 57 pounds; corn, shelled, 56 pounds; corn

in the ear, 70 pounds; clover seed, 60 pounds;

carrots, 45 pounds; charcoal, 20 pounds; cranberries, 36 pounds ; currants, 40 pounds ; gooseberries 40 pounds; hemp seed, 50 pounds;

Hungarian grass seed, 48 pounds; millet, 48

pounds; oats, 32 pounds; onions, 52 pounds;

orchard grass seed, 14 pounds ; peas, 60 pounds

;

Irish potatoes, 60 pounds; sweet potatoes, 55

pounds; parsnips, 42 pounds; peaches, dried,

28 pounds; plastering hair, washed, 4 pounds;

1903 Lawsof 1903, chap. 368.

Sec. 3,

1866-78 Sec. 2202.

1897 Mar. 5, General

Laws, 1897,

chap, 31,

Sec. 1.
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES. 235

MINN.

Reference.

General

laws, 1897,

chap. 31.

Sec. 1.

I

Sec. 2.

General Statutes, 1894, chap. 21,

p. 692.

Sec. 2204.

Date.

1897

Provisions.

1875-78

P. 693.

Sec. 2205. 1866-89

unwashed, 8 pounds; rape seed, 50 pounds ; red 149 top seed, 14 pounds; rutabagas, 52 pounds; rye, 150 56 pounds ; sorghum seed, 57 pounds ; timothy 151 seed, 45 pounds ; wheat, 60 pounds ; coal, 80 1^2 pounds: Provided, that if coal be sold by the 153 ton the weight thereof shall be two thousand 154 (2,000) pounds. 155 Whenever any wood shall be contracted for i56 or sold or delivered, and no special contract or is? agreement shall be made to the contrary, the i58 measurement per cord shall be one hundred and 159 twenty - eight cubic feet. And whoe ver in buying leo any of said articles shall take any greater number lei of pounds or cubic feet thereof to the bushel, 162 ton or cord, as the case may be, or in selling any i63 of said articlQS shall give any less number of le* pounds or cubic feet thereof to the bushel, ton les or cord, as the case may be than is herein lee allowed and specified, except when expressly i«7 authorized so to do by special contract or agree- les ment to that effect, shall be deemed guilty of a i«9 misdemeanor and shall be punished- by a fine of

not less than ten dollars, nor more than one

hundred dollars, or by imprisonment in the

county jail for not more than 90 days.

This act shall take effect and be in force from

and after its passage. Approved March 5, 1897.

That whenever any lime shall be sold by the

bushel or barrel, and no special agreement as to

the weight or measure thereof is made by the

parties, the measure shall be ascertained by

weight as follows : Eighty pounds for a bushel, iso and two hundred pounds for a barrel of lime ; isi and when sold by measurement, the standard 182 shall contain twenty -six hundred and eighty

eight cubic inches.

All persons engaged in any business, trade, or i85 occupation, requiring the use of weights or ise measures, shall cause to be tried, proved and is?

183

184

Subject.

Weight of bushel.

Cord of wood.

Tilme.

Sealing.
236

MINN. WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject.

Using unproved

weights.

Penalty.

Dntf of sealer.

Provisions. Date.

188

189

190

191

192

193

194

195

196

197

198

199

200

201

202

203

204

20.j

206

207

208

209

210

211

212

213

214

215

216

217

218

219

220

221

222

223

224

225

226

sealed by the sealer of weights and measures in

their respective counties, all scale beams, steelyards, weights or measures, used by them in

buying or selling any goods, wares, merchandise,

grain, or other commodities. If after the expiration of three months from the passage of

this act, any person shall buy, sell, or dispose

of any goods, wares, merchandise, grain or other

commodities, by any scale-beam, steelyard,

weight or measure not proved and sealed in

accordance with the provisions of the law to

which this is amendatory, or shall fraudulently

buy, sell or dispose of any goods, or commodities, wares, grain or merchandise, by any scalebeam, steelyard, weight or measure that has

been sealed, but is unjust, shall be deemed

guilty of a misdemeanor, and upon conviction

thereof by any court having competent jurisdic - tion, shall be fined not less than five, nor more

than one hundred dollars; and upon neglect or

refusal to pay such fine and the costs of prosecution, the court before whom the accused shall

have been tried shall commit him to the county

jail until such fine and costs are paid, or he is

discharged by due course of law. And for the

purpose of enforcing the law, it shall be the duty

of the sealer of weights and measures, or his

deputy upon the written request of any aggrieved

person, and upon the payment to him in advance by such person the sum of one dollar, and

the further sum of twenty cents per mile for

going and returning, as traveling expenses, to

examine and test any weights and measures

used within his county, whether the same shall

have been before tested, proved and sealed or

not, at any time when called upon, and without

previous notice to the person or party complained of. And if such sealer of weights and

measures, or any deputy sealer of weights and

1866

1889
WEIGHTS AND MEASUEES OF THE UNITED STATES. 237

MINN.

Reference. Date. Provisions. Subject.

General statutes. 1894,

chap. 21, p. 593.

See. 3205.

1889

Chap. 21, p. 593.

Sec. 2206.

1866-78

Chap. 21, p. 593.

Sec. 2207.

Chap. 92a, p. 1795.

Sec. 6758.

227

228 measures, shall directly or indirectly give pre

vions notice or information to the party com

plained of, of such examination, in any manner 229 whatever, he shall be deemed guilty of a misde- 230 meanor, and, upon conviction thereof, shall be 231 punished by a fine of not less than fifty nor 232 more than one hundred dollars, or by imprison- 2.33 ment in the county jail for not less than thirty 234 nor more than ninety days, or by both fine and 235 imprisonment in the discretion of the court. 236 All fines collected under the provisions of the 237 act shall be paid over to the county treasurer 238 for the benefit of the school fund of the county 239 where the action is brought. 240 If the treasurer of any county, or the sealer 241 of weights and measui'es for any township, neg- 242 lects to procure (if not already provided) a set 243 of weights and measures for such county or 244 township, in compliance with the provisions of 245 this chapter, he shall, upon conviction thereof 246 by any court of competent jimsdiction, forfeit a 247 sum not exceeding one hundred dollars to the 248 use of the county. . 249 No action shall be commenced against any 250 county or township sealer, for neglecting to 251 procure the set of weights and measures as 252 required by law, until the person proposing 253 to bring such action gives such sealer notice in 254 writing of his intention to commence such 255 action, at least twenty days prior thereto. And 256 if such weights and measures are provided in 257 accordance with the requirements of law, within 258 twenty days from such notice, then such action 259 shall not be commenced. ' 260 A person who injures or defrauds another by 261 using, with knowledge that the same is false, a 262 false weight, measure, or other apparatus for 203 determining the quantity of any commodity, or 264

Duty of Sealers.

Penalty for neglect

to procure standards.

Action against sealer.

False weights and

measures.
238

Mi>?r. WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject. Provisions. Date. Reference.

Keeping false

welehts.

Stamping false

weieht or tare.

2B5

266

267

268

269

270

271

272

273

274

275

276

277

article of merchandise, or by knowingly delivering less than the quantity he represents, is

guilty of a misdemeanor.

A person who retains in his possession any

weight or measure, knowing it to be false, unless it appears beyond a reasonable doubt that

it was so retained without intent to use it, or permit it to be used, in violation of the last

section, is guilty of a misdemeanor.

A person who knowingly marks or stamps

false or short weights, or false tare, on any cask

or package, or knowingly sells or offers for sale

any cask or package so marked, is guilty of a misdemeanor.
MISSISSIPPI.

MISS.

Eeference. Date. Provisions. Subject.

Laws

1900, !8,pp

Sec. 1.

f chap.

.93-4.

1892 Amended

Mar.l2,

1900. Be it enacted by the Legislature of the State

of Mississippi, That Section 4477, Chapter

144, of the annotiated code of 1892, be amended

so as to read as follows

The standards established by congress are the

standards of weights and measures in this state

and a fac- simile of each is deposited with the

secretary of state, as well as at each of the state

institutions of learning. The secretary of state

and the proctors of those institutions are authorized to conform and seal all weights and

measures brought to them, and to receive the

fees allowed therefor. And on all sales by

weight of the agricultural products hereinafter

named, the number of pounds per bushel as stated in the following schedule, shall be the

true and legal standard, viz

Wheat, per bushel 60 pounds.

Corn in the ear, per bushel 72

Corn shelled, per bushel 56

Cotton seed" 32

Rye, per bushel 56

Buckwheat, per bushel 48

Barley, per bushel 48

Oats, per bushel 32

Peas, per bushel 60

White beans, per bushel 60

Castor beans, per bushel 46

Irish potatoes, per bushel 60

Sweet potatoes, per bushel 60

Onions, per bushel 57

Turnips, per bushel 55

Dried peaches, per bushel 33

a See also section 4482.

10

11

12

13

14

16

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

32

Standards of weight

and measures.

Standard weight of bushel.

239
240

MISS.

WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject. Provisions. Date.

Standard

bushel. weight of 34

Contracts.

Standard for counties and cities.

37

38

39

40

41

44

45

46

47

48

49

52

64

65

Dried apples, per bushel 26 pounds.

Clover seed, per bushel 60

Flax seed, per bushel 56

Millet seed, per bushel 50

Hungarian grass seed, per bushel- 50

Timothy seed, per bushel 45

Blue grass seed, per bushel 14

Hemp seed, per bushel 44

Salt, per bushel 50

Corn meal, per bushel 48

Ground peas, per bushel 24

Malt, per bushel 38

Bran, per bushel 20

Stone coal, per bushel 80

Lime, unslacked, per bushel 80

Sorghum seed, per bushel 42

Corn meal, bolted, per bushel 44

Corn meal, unbolted, per bushel. _ 48

That this act take effect and be in force from

and after its passage. Approved March 12,

1900.

All contracts for work or labor done, or any56 thing to be sold and delivered, will be construed

57 to have been made according to the standards,

58 unless the parties stipulate to the contrary.

59 The board of supervisors of every county, and

60 the mayor and board of aldermen of every city,

61 may procure the standards of weights and meas -

62 ures duly sealed by the secretary of state or some

63 proctor, and consisting of one weight of fifty

64 pounds, one of twenty-five pounds, one of four65 teen pounds and one of seven pounds ; two of

66 four pounds, two of two pounds, and two of one

67 pound, avoirdupois; one measure of one yard,

68 and one of one foot, cloth measure ; one meas69 ure of half a bushel, one of one peck, and one

'» of one -half peck, dry measure; one measure of

71 one gallon, one of one half -gallon, one of one

(1892) 1900

Mar. 12.
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES. 241

mss.

Date. Provisions. Subject.

quart, one of one pint, and one of one gill, wine

measure.

The inspector of provisions appointed for the

county or city shall be the keeper of the standards of weights and measures, and shall seal by

such standards all measures brought to him;

but if there be no such officer, the clerk of the

circuit court and the clerk of the city shall be

respectively keepers of the standards for the

county and city, and shall seal weights and

measures brought to them, and receive the fees

allowed.

The boards of supervisors and mayors and

boards of aldermen shall respectively provide

the proper stamps or brands with which to seal

weights and measures.

Unless otherwise agreed upon, a bushel of

cotton -seed shall be thirty -two pounds avoirdupois.

Unless otherwise agreed upon, oysters shall

be sold by stave measure, and the measure is of

dimensions as follows: Bottom, sixteen inches

across inside; top, eighteen inches across, inside ; and height, nine and one -half inches from

the center of the bottom, inside, to the center

of the top . Three of these measures filled and

rounded, without heaping, shall make one barrel of oysters.

Unless otherwise agreed upon, charcoal shall

be sold by measure, and the measure of charcoal shall be a barrel of the capacity of three

and one -quarter bushels.

The table known as "Scribner's Lumber and

Log book hj Doyle's Rule" is the standard rule

of measurement by which saw -logs and square

timber shall be measured. The use of any

other rule of measurement is unlawful; and

any person who shall use any other rule which

19150—05 16

73

<4

75

76

77

78

79

80

81

82

83

84

85

86

87

88

89

90

91

92

93

94

95

96

97

98

99

100

101

102

103

104

105

106

107

108

109

Inspector of provisions to be keeper

of standards.

Sealing and fees.

Stamps for sealing measures.

Cotton seed.

Measure of oysters.

Measure of charcoal.

Measure of saw logs,

etc.
242

MISS. WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject. Provisions. Date. Reference.

Itealers to have none

bnt sealed measures.

Selling by false

weights or measures.

110 gives a less number of feet in a given log, shall

111 be guilty of a misdemeanor, and punished ac112 cordingly, and be liable to any person injured

113 for triple damages.

114 When the county or cit^ is supplied with the

115 standards of weights and measures, every dealer

116 therein shall have none but sealed weights and

117 measures, and the weights shall be so sealed as

118 that the removal of any part of the filling will

119 destroy or deface the seal; and every dealer

120 having, in such case, any weight or measure

121 which has not been duly sealed, shall be guilty

122 of a misdemeanor, and shall, moreover, forfeit,

123 ten dollars for every day he may have any un124 sealed weight or measure.

125 If any person shall sell anything by any false

126 weight or measure, whereby another shall be

125 cheated; or if any person shall sell any light

128 weight loaf or package, calling the same a pound

120 or other quantity, or if any person shall sell any

130 under -capacity bottle or other vessel, calling it

131 a pint, quart, or other quantity, he shall be

132 guilty of a misdemeanor and fined not less than

133 ten dollars, and imprisoned not less than ten

134 days.

1892 Annotated

Code, 1892,

chap. 144,

p. 979.

Sec. 4485.

Sec. 4486.

Sec. 4487.
MISSOURI.

MO.

Date. Provisions. Subject.

1899 The clerk of each county court shall provide,

at the expense of the county, one measure of

one foot, or twelve inches, English measure ; one

measure of three feet, or thirty -six inches, English measure, denominated one yard ; one half

bushel measure, which shall contain one thousand seventy -five and one -fifth cubic inches,

denominated dry measure; one gallon measure, which shall contain two hundred and thirty

one cubic inches; one half -gallon measure,

which shall contain one hundred and fifteen

and one -half cubic inches; one quart measure,

which shall contain fifty -seven and three

fourths cubic inches. Also, one set of weights,

called avoirdupois weights, and one seal, with

initials of the county inscribed thereon ; which

measures, weights and seal shall be kej)t by the

clerk of the county court of each county.

So soon as the weights and measures are pro - vided, the clerks of the county courts shall cause

notice thereof to be given at the court-house

door, for two months; and any person who

shall knowingly keep any measures or weights,

and buy or sell any commodity whatsoever by

such weights or measures as shall not corre- spond with the weights and measures deposited

in the clerk's office, shall, for every such offence,

forfeit and pay to the party injured ten dollars,

to be recovered by civil action before any justice

of the peace of the county.

Clerks of the county court shall, with the seal

aforesaid, seal all weights and measures presented to them for that purpose, that corre- spond with the county standard.

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

32

33

34

County clerk to pro- cure weights and

measures.

Ijength.

Capacity.

Weight.

Notice.

Sealing.

243
244 WEIGHTS AND MEASUEES OF THE UNITED STATES.

MO.

Subject. Provisions. Date. Reference.

Ton.

Leeral weiglits of bush - ei of various produce.

35 The hundred weight shall consist of one hun -

36 dred pounds avoirdupois, and twenty such

37 hundreds shall constitute a ton.

38 Whenever the articles hereinafter named

39 shall be sold by the bushel, and no special

*o agreement as to the measurement or weights

*i thereof shall be made by the parties, the bushel

42 shall consist of the following number of pounds,

43 viz.: wheat, beans, clover-seed, Irish potatoes,

44 peas and split peas, sixty pounds to the bushel;

45 rye, shelled corn, and flax seed, fifty -six pounds

46 to the bushel; unshelled corn, seventy pounds

47 to the bushel; barley, forty -eight pounds to the

48 bushel; oats, thirty -two pounds to the bushel;

49 bran, twenty pounds to the bushel; onions,

50 fifty -seven pounds to the bushel ; dried peaches,

51 thirty -three pounds to the bushel ; dried apples,

62 twenty -four pounds to the bushel; buckwheat,

53 fifty -two pounds to the bushel; castor beans,

54 forty -six pounds to the bushel; hemp -seed,

65 forty -four pounds to the bushel; blue -grass

56 seed, fourteen pounds to the bushel; timothys' seed, forty-five pounds to the bushel; cotton

58 seed, thirty-three pounds to the bushel; salt,

69 fifty pounds to the bushel ; mineral coal, eighty

60 pounds to the bushel; coke and charcoal, twen64 ty-six hundred and eighty cubic inches per

62 bushel; sweet potatoes, fifty-six pounds to

63 the bushel; parsnips, forty-four pounds to the

64 bushel; common turnips, forty-two pounds to

65 the bushel; carrots, fifty pounds to the bushel;

66 rutabagas, fifty pounds to the bushel; corner meal and millet, fifty pounds to the bushel;

68 green peas, unshelled, fifty -six pounds to the

69 bushel ; green beans, unshelled, fifty -six pounds

70 to the bushel; apples, peaches, pears and Hun71 garian grass seeds, forty -eight pounds to the

72 bushel ; malt, thirty -eight pounds to the bushel

;

73 top -onions sets, twenty -eight pounds to the

1899 Berlsed Statutes, 1899,

chap. 173,

p. 2447.

Sec. 10575.

Sec. 10576,

chap. 173,

pp. 2447-8.

1
WEIGHTS AND MEASUEES OF THE UNITED STATES. 245

MO.

Date. Provisions. Subject.

1899 bushel; red -top seed and orchard grass seed,

fourteen pounds to the bushel; sorghum seed,

forty -two pounds to the bushel; Osage orange

seed, tMrty-six pounds to the bushel; cucumbers, forty-eight pounds to the bushel; tomatoes, forty -five pounds to the bushel; and

whenever apples shall be sold by the barrel and

no special agreement is made as to the size of

the barrel by the parties, the size shall be as follows: Length of barrel, twenty -eight and

one -half inches, with chines of three quarters

of an inch at the ends; the diameter of the

heads shall be seventeen and one -quarter inches,

and the diameter of the center of the barrel inside shall be twenty and one -half inches.

All plank and sawed timbers and lumber

shall, unless otherwise agreed by special contract, be sold by board measure.

A barrel of flour shall consist of 196 pounds

net ; a sack of flour shall consist of 98 pounds

net; a half sack of flour shall consist of 48

pounds net ; a quarter sack of flour shall con - sist of 24 pounds net ; no manufacturer or dealer

in flour shall sell flour in barrels, sacks, half

sacks, or quarter sacks containing a less amount

of flour than the amounts above specified. Before any barrel, sack, half sack or quarter sack

of flour shall be sold, the number of. pounds

therein contained shall be plainly labeled or stamped thereon. Any person who shall sell

any package of flour which shall be stamped or labeled with a greater number of pound, net

than such package actually contains, or who

shall put up or sell flour in any manner contrary to the provisions of this section, shall be

deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and upon conviction thereof, shall be fined in a sum not less

than ten dollars nor more than one hundred

dollars.

74

75

76

77

78

79

80

81

82

83

84

Legralwelphts of bushel of various produce.

88

89

90

91

92

93

94

95

96

97

98

99

100

101

102

103

104

105

106

107

108

109

110

111

112

Timber.

Flour, weight of barrel, sack.

MONT.

Date. Provisions. Subject.

1896 The weights and measures accepted and used

by the government of the United States at the

present time, except as hereinafter provided,

are the lawful standard weights and measures of

the State.

The standard yard is the unit or standard

measure of length and surface from which all

other measures of extension, whether lineal,

superficial or solid, are derived and ascertained.

The yard is divided into three equal parts,

called feet, and each foot into twelve equal parts

called inches ; for measures of cloths and other

commodities commonly sold by the yard, it may

be divided into halves, quarters, eights, and sixteenths.

The rod, pole, or perch, contains five and a

half yards, and the mile one thousand, seven hundred and sixty yards ; the chain for meas - uring land is twenty -two yards long, and divided

into one hundred equal parts, called links.

The acre for land measure must be measured

horizontally, and contains ten square chains,

and is equivalent in area to a rectangle sixteen

rods in length and ten in breadth ; six hundred

and forty acres being contained in a square mile.

The standard avoirdupois and troy weights

are the units or standards of weight from which

all other weights are derived and ascertained

The avoirdupois pound, which bears to the

troy pound the ratio of seven thousand to five

thousand, seven hundred and sixty, is divided

into sixteen equal parts, called ounces; the

10

11

12

13

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

23

24

26

26

28

29

30

31

32

Standards.

Tard.

Subdivisions of yard.

Rod, mile.

Cliain and link.

Acre.

Units of weight.

Division of pound.

247
248 WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

MOJfX.

Subject. Provisions. Date. Reference.

33 hundred weight consists of one hundred avoir- 1895 Code, 1896,

vol. l,chap. s' dupois pounds and twenty hundred weight con -

6, p. 408.

Sec. 3126. Ton. 36 stitute a ton. The troy ounce is equal to the

36 fwplt'fVi L VV C^l -L UJ_L "nafl", LICtJ. u nf\J±. nCt fvnv LX y "nmmrl IJ^LliHA.

Liquid measures.

37 The standard gallon and its parts are the units

39 from which all other measures of liquids are

40 derived and ascertained.

Sec. 3127.

Barrel and hogshead

.

*i The barrel is equal to thirty -one and a half

42 ^C4jXXv/XXkJ call Arm ^ (AjLlVA, anrl two V \\ \J hawpl^ ^^C*X X vyXO r'OTmf.if.nt.p WXXO UX U LX a<AJ hncshpfld XXV^OXXV/CliVX .

Sec. 3128.

Solid measure. 43 The standard half bushel is the unit or stand -

** ard measure of capacity for substances other

*5 than liquids, from which all other measures of

*^ such substances are derived and ascertained.

Sec. 3129.

Peck, etc. " The peck, half peck, quarter peck, quart and

48 pint measures for measuring commodities other

49 than liquid are derived from the half bushel by

•io successively dividing that measure by two.

Sec. 3130.

Heaped measure.

51 The measures of capacity for charcoal, ashes,

62 marl, manure, Indian corn in the ear, fruit,

63 roots of every kind, and for all other commodi64 ties commonly sold by heap measure, are the

65 half bushel and its multiples and subdivisions

;

66 and the measures used to measure such com67 modities must be made cylindrical, with plane

ClLL\X O V CIX kJ\J{jIj\jLLL^ dillLl IxlLlot rJKy \J-L Lilt? ±UiiU W ili^

69 diameters from outside to outside : The bushel

60 nineteen and a half inches ; half bushel, fifteen

61 and a half inches ; and the peck, twelve and a

62 third inches.

Sec. 3131.

Id.

•

63 All commodities sold by heap measure must

UK} U.U1J xicdpcu. up 1X1 Hit} iuiiii ui a cunt}, tntJ

65 outside of the measure, by which the same are

66 measured, to be the limit of the base of the cone

67 and such cone to be as high as the article will

68 admit.

Sec. 3132.

GontractR. 69 Contracts made within this state for work to

70 be done, or for anything to be sold or delivered

Sec. 3133.
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES. 249

Reference. Date. Provisions. Subject.

Code, 1895,

vol. 1, chap.

6, p. 409.

Sec. 3134.

1895

1901

by weight or measure, must be construed ac- cording to the foregoing standards.

The ton consists of twenty hundred pounds,

but a ton of mineral coal is expressed by the

conventional quantity of twenty -six and onethird bushels of seventy -six pounds each." A

bushel of each of the articles hereinafter named

consists of the number of pounds affixed to each

to -wit:

Pounds. Apples and pears 45

Barley 48

Beans 60

Beets 50

Bran 20

Buckwheat 52

Carrots 50

Coal, mineral 76

Corn in the ear 70

Corn, shelled 56

Corn meal 50

Hay per ton 2,000

Lime unslacked 80

Malt 30

Oats 32

Onions 57

Parsnips 50

Potatoes 60

Peas 60

Rye 56

Salt 50

Seeds : Blue grass 14

Clover 60

Timothy 45

Flax 56

Hemp 44

Hungarian grass 50

Turnips 50

Wheat 60

a Amended by act February 18, 1876.

71

72

73

74

78

79

80

81

82

83

84

85

86

87

90

91

92

93

94

95

96

100

101

102

103

104

105

106

107

108

Ton.

Weight per bushel.
250

MOXT.

WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject. Provisions. Date.

Inspection of weiglits and measures.

Penalties.

False weight.

Using false weights,

etc.

Ton, pound.

Dntles of sealers.

All venders and traders in goods and merchandise, gold dust and other articles of traffic,

must have their balances, weights and measures

compared with the standard of their respective

counties, and approved and marked by the

county sealer, and if the same are found to be

correct to be sealed with the name or initial

letters of the county inscribed thereon, or condemned by him if found incorrect and marked

"condemned."

The penalties for using, marking, or stamping false weights and measures, or selling therewith is provided for in Chapter IX, Title XIII,

Part I, Penal Code.

A false weight or measure is one which does

not conform to the standard established by the

laws of the United States of America.

Every person who uses any weight or measure

knowing it to be false, by which use another is

defrauded or otherwise injured, is guilty of a misdemeanor.

In all sales of coal, hay, and other commodities, usually sold by the ton or fractional part

thereof, the seller must give to the purchaser

full weight, at the rate of two thousand pounds

to the ton; and in all sales of articles which

are sold in commerce by avoirdupois weight, the

s'eller must give to the purchaser full weight,

at the rate of sixteen ounces to the pound ; and

any person violating this section is guilty of a misdemeanor.

The State sealer of weights and measures has

the general supervision of the weights and meas - ures of the State. He must take charge of the

standards, procure, at the expense of the state,

any that may be necessary, and see that they

are kept in, and in no case removed from a fire

proof vault in his office, except for the purpose

of comparing and copying. He must correct

1901

1896

1895
WEIGHTS AND MEASUEES OF THE UNITED STATES. 251

MONT.

Date. Provisions. Subject.

1896 the standards of the cities and counties, provide them with necessary standards, balances,

and other means of adjustment, and as often as once in ten years compare the same with those

in his possession.

The county clerks are ex -officio county seal- ers of weights and measures of their respective

counties.

The county sealers must keep in their offices

the standards of weights and measures, for their

respective counties.

Copies of the original standards, to be made

of such material as the State Sealer directs,

must be deposited by him in the office of the

county sealers of the respective counties of this

State, at the expense of the counties, which are

severally responsible for the preservation of the

copies respectively delivered to them.

The State Sealer must cause to be impressed

on each of the copies of such original standards

the letter " C " to indicate the word correct, and

such other device as he may direct for the particular county; which device must be recorded

in the State Sealer's office, and a copy thereof

delivered to, the respective county sealers.

The county sealer must compare all weights

and measures which are brought to them for

that purpose, with the copies of the standards

in their possession, and when the same are found or made to conform to the legal standards,

the officer comparing them must seal and mark

them as correct.

Each county sealer may receive for his services for the use of the county such fees as may

be fixed by the state sealer, to be paid by the

persons having weights or measures sealed or approved, which fees must be uniform for each

county of the State. The Board of County

Commissioners must furnish him the necessary

148

149

150

151

162

153

164

155

166

167

158

159

160

161

162

163

164

165

166

167

168

169

170

171

172

173

174

J5

176

177

178

179

180

181

184

186

186

Sealer to provide

standards.

County clerks ex offi- cio sealers.

Standards for county

sealers.

Standards for county

sealers.

Standards to be marked.

Standards, county

sealers to compare.

Fees.
252 WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

MONT.

Subject. Provisions. Date. Reference.

18' tools, marks and brands, to be used by him as

188 county sealer.

False weight. 189 Every person who, putting up in any bag,

190 bale, box, barrel, or other package, any hops,

191 cotton, wool, grain, hay or other goods usually

192 sold in bags, bales, boxes, barrels, or packages,

193 by weight, puts in or conceals therein anything

194 whatever, for the purpose of increasing the

195 weight of such bale, bag, box, barrel, or pack196 age, with intent thereby to sell the goods there

19V in, or to enable another to sell the same, for an

198 increased weight, is punishable by fine of not

199 less than twenty -five dollars for each offense.

Penal Code, 18 95, p. 862.

Sec. 681.
NEBRASKA.

NEBB.

Date. Provisions. Subject.

(1866) 1903

Jaly 1 The standard of weights and linear measures

shall be the same as that established by act of

congress for the several states, except that the

ton shall consist of two thousand pounds.

A bushel shall consist of two thousand one

hundred and fifty cubic inches. The halfbushel, peck, and half -peck shall consist of the

proper division and subdivision of a bushel.

A gallon shall consist of two hundred and

thirty -one cubic inches.

A pound avoirdupois shall consist of seven

thousand grains in Troy weight.

A bushel of each of the articles enumerated

in this section shall consist of the number of

pounds respectively affixed to each, viz

Apples, dried, per bushel 24 pounds.

Barley 48

Beans, castor 46 " Beans, white 60 " Bran 20

Buckwheat 52

Coal, stone 80 " Corn, ear 70 "

Corn, shelled 56 " Corn meal 50 " Hair for plastering 8 " Hay, per ton 2,000

Honey, strained, per gallon 12 " Lime, unslacked, per bushel 80 "

Malt, barley 30 " Oats 32

Onions 57 "

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

32

Standards.

Ton.

Bnshel.

Gallon.

Pound.

Weight per bushel.

Ton of hay.

Gallon of honey. Weight per bnshel.

253
254 WEIGHTS AND MEA8UEES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Provisions. Date.

False weights and

measares.

33

34

35

36

37

38

39

40

41

42

43

44

45

46

47

48

49

50

51

52

53

54

55

56

57

58

59

60

61

62

63

64

65

66

67

68

69

70

71

Onions sets 25 pounds.

Peaches, dried 33

Potatoes, Irish. '. 60

Potatoes, sweet 50

Peas 60

Rye 56

Seeds : Blue grass 14

Clover 60

Flax 56

Hemp 44

Hungarian grass 50

Millet 50

Osage orange 32

1903

Sorghum 30

Timothy grass 45

Salt 50

Turnips 55

Wheat 60

That the standard size of brick sold in the

State of Nebraska shall be eight and one -fourth

(85) inches long, four (4) inches wide and two

and one -half (2|) inches thick.

It shall be unlawful for any person, persons

or corporation to sell any brick of any other size

than that specified in section 1 of this act, without notifying the purchaser in writing of the

size of such brick at the time of the sale.

Any contractor or builder who shall furnish

any brick not of the standard size provided in

section 1 of this act, shall be considered as subject to the provisions of this act. Any person, persons or corporation violating

any of the provisions of this act, shall, on conviction, be fined in any sum not less than one

hundred ($100) dollars nor more than five hundred ($500) dollars.

Any person who shall knowingly keep false

weights or measures, and shall buy and sell articles thereby, shall forfeit and pay, upon con-
WEIGHTS AND MEASUEES OF THE UNITED STATES. 255

Date. Provisions. Subject.

1903 viction, a fine of not less than five nor more

than twenty -five dollars, to be recovered before

any court having competent jurisdiction; the

fine shall be appropriated to the use of common

schools in the same county; he shall also be

liable to the injured party in double the amount

of damages, with costs of suit.

That scales may be erected in the State of

Nebraska for public use at public expense.

Provided, that counties under township organization may adopt the privilege granted by this

act by townships. At the annual meeting of

such township such meeting may determine the

location and number of such scales to be erected

and located in said township and levy a tax to

pay for same.

When such scales shall be erected it shall be

the duty of the Township Board to appoint a weigh -master upon petition of the electors living in the immediate vicinity of the scales so

located, who shall, under oath, promise to perform the duties of his office faithfully and honestly and the weigh -master so appointed shall

continue in olBce until removed by the Township

Board or by resignation.

The scales shall be first class and of standard

make. The Township Board shall from time to

time, as in their judgment seems necessary, test

the scales as to their accuracy and properly adjust the same.

Whenever disputes arise between two parties

within the limits of the Township where such

scales are located, over the first weighing of any

article, the same shall be weighed a second time

on said public scales; and the weigh -master's

receipt therefor shall be final.

The Township Board shall fix and regulate

the fee or salary of said weighmaster and the

fees for weighing, Provided nothing in this act

Fine.

73

74

76

79

80

81

82

S3

84

85

86

87

88

89

90

91

92

93

94

9.5

96

97

98

99

100

101

102

103

104

10.5

106

107

108

109

110

Public scales.

Weighmaster.

Scales, testing.

Disputes.

Welgbmagter, salary.
256

i\EBB.

WEIGHTS AND MEASUEE8 OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject.

Townships nnder

eomnilssloner sys- tem.

Petition for scales.

Weights, measures, and inspection.

Ordinances. Powers.

Begulate weighing

and measuring.

Provisions.

11 shall be construed to prevent the public from

12 using such scales, without employing the weigh

13 master, subject to the rules to be made by the

14 Township Board of such township.

15 Townships in counties under commissioner

16 system, wishing to adopt the provisions, of this

17 act, shall petition to the commissioners of such

18 county, and where a majority of the electors so

19 petition, the same shall be granted: Provided,

20 that all duties and powers imposed upon Town -

21 ship Officers by the provisions of this act where

22 counties are under Township organization sys28 tem shall be performed by the county commis24 sioners of counties under commissioner system.

25 The mayor and council shall have power to

26 regulate the weighing and measuring of hay,

27 wood, and other articles exposed for sale, and

28 of all coal sold or delivered within the city,

29 and to provide for, license, and regulate the

30 inspection and sale of meats, flours, poultry,

31 fish, milk, vegetables and all other provisions or

32 articles of food exposed or offered for sale in

33 the city, and to prescribe the weight and quality

34 of bread exposed or offered for sale in the loaf.

35 Also to provide for the inspection of weights

36 and measures or weighing apparatus.

37 In addition to the powers herein granted, cities

38 governed under the provisions of this act shall

39 have power by ordinance. * *

*

40 Cities having population of from 25,000 to

41 40,000 e. g. Lincoln. * *

*

42 To establish standard weights and measures,

43 and regulate the weights and measures to be

44 used in the city, and to regulate the measuring

45 of every commodity sold in the city, in all cases

46 not otherwise provided by law, and to prohibit

47 the use of imperfect weights, measures and

48 weighing apparatus.

Date.

1903

i90i; Mar. 27
WEIGHTS AND MEASDRES OF THE UNITED STATES. 257

NEBE.

Reference, i Date.

1901

Mar. 27

Mar. 16

1887 Mar. 31

Provisions.

To provide for the inspection and weighing

of hay and grain and coal, the measuring of

wood and fuel to be used in the city, and to

determine the place or places of the same, and

to regulate and prescribe the place or places of

exposing for sale hay, coal and wood ; to fix the

fees and duties of persons authorized to perform

such duties.

In addition to the powers herein granted cities

governed under the provisions of this act shall

have power by ordnance.

Cities having a population of from 5,000 to

25,000.

To establish standard weights and measures,

and regulate the weights and measures to be

used in the city, and to regulate the weighing

and measuring of every commodity sold in the

city, in all cases not otherwise provided for by

law, and to prohibit and punish the use of

imperfect weights, measures, and weighing

apparatus.

To provide for the inspection and weighing

of hay, grain and coal, and measuring of wood

and fuel to be used in the city, and to determine

the place or places of the same and to regulate

and prescribe the place or places of exposing for

sale hay, coal, and wood, and to fix the fees and

duties of persons authorized to perform such

duties.

In addition to the powers hereinbefore granted

cities and villages under the provisions of this

chapter, each city and village may enact ordinances or by-laws for the following purposes.

To establish standard weights and measures

and regulate the weights and measures to be

used in the city or village, and to regulate the

weighing and measuring of every commodity

sold in the city or village, in all cases not otherwise provided by law.

19150—05 17

87

Subject.

Inspect and reifulate sale of fuel, grain, and liay.

Ordnance powers.

Weiarlits and measures.

Inspect fuel and feed.

Additional powers.

Established weisrhts and measures.
258

NEBR. WEIGHTS AJSTD MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

t S

1 P

i'

}

; s

Subject. Provisions. Date. Reference.

Inspection and weighing of merchandise.

Regulation markets.

Fraud in weighing

commodities.

18S To provide for the inspection and weighing

of hay, grain, and coal, the measuring of wood

190 and fuel to be used in the city or village, and

191 to determine the place or places of the same,

192 and to regulate and prescribe the place or places

193 of exposing for sale hay, coal, and wood ; to fix

194 the fees and duties of persons authorized to

195 perform the duties named in this subdivision.

196 The mayor and council" shall have power to

197 regulate the weighing and measuring of hay,

198 wood, and other articles exposed for sale, and of

199 all coal sold or delivered within the city, and to

200 provide for, license, and regulate the inspection

201 and sale of meats, flour, poultry, fish, milk, veg202 etables and all other provisions or articles of

203 food exposed or offered for sale in the city, and

204 to prescribe the weight and quality of bread

205 exposed or offered for sale in the loaf. Also to

206 provide for the inspection of weights and meas207 nres or weighing apparatus.

208 Any person or persons who shall knowingly

209 and wilfully sell, or direct, or permit any per210 son or persons in his or their employ to sell any

211 commodity or article of merchandise, and make

212 or give any false or short weight or measure, or

213 any person or persons owning or keeping, or

214 having charge of any scales or steelyards for the

215 purpose of weighing live-stock, hay, grain, coal,

216 or other articles, who shall knowingly and wil217 fully report any false or untrue weight, whereby

218 any other person or persons may be defrauded

219 or injured; such person or persons shall be

220 fined in any sum not exceeding fifty ($50) dol221 lars, or be imprisoned in the jail of the county

222 not exceeding thirty (30) days, at the discretion

223 of the court, and also be answerable to the party

424 defrauded or injured in double damages.

1887 Mar. 31

1897

Mar. 15

1873

1893

Oobbey's An- n t a t e d

Statutes of Nebraska,

TOl. 2, pp. 2369-70.

Sec. 8735.

P. 2255.

Sec. 7483.

Vol. 1, p. 767.

Sec. 2214.

Applies to cities of the metropolitan class having population of over 80,000, e. g. Omaha.
i^EW HAMPSHIRE.

N. H.

Eeference. Date. Provisions. Subject.

Public Stat- utes and

Session

Laws, 1901,

chap. 125.

Sec. 1. P. 390.

1860

Sec. 2. 1864

Sec. 3.

Sec. 4.

Sec. 5.

The standard weights and measures of this

state shall be those received from the United

States, and the ale or beer measures of the ca- pacity of two hundred and eighty -two cubic

inches to the gallon, provided or to be provided

by the state treasurer. All scale-beams, weights,

and measures owned by the state shall be deposited and carefully kept in his office by the

treasurer and shall be used as standards and for

no other purpose.

The state treasurer shall try and prove by the

state standards all such scale-beams, weights,

and measures as shall be brought to him for

that purpose.

A sealer of weights and measures for each

county shall be appointed by the governor, with

advice of the council, who shall hold his office

until another is appointed. He shall safely keep

the standard scale-beams, weights and measures

of the county, shall permit them to be used only

as standards, and shall cause any deficiencies

therein to be immediately supplied, at the ex- pense of the county.

The county sealer shall, once in every three

years, try and prove the standard scale-beams,

weights and measures of the county by the state

standards, and shall be allowed for the same a reasonable compensation by the county commissioners ; and he shall try and prove by the

county standards all seal ^ -beams, weights and

measures brought to him for that purpose by any

town sealer.

The selectmen of each town shall provide the

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

32

33

Standards.

Ale gallon.

Proving of.

County sealer.

Duties.

County sealer to try and prove county

standards.

Town standards.

259
260

N. H. WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject. Provisions. Date. Reference.

Duties of town sealer.

Compensation.

Duties of scalers.

Platform scales.

Sealing.

Fees.

3* town sealer with a full set of scale-beams,

35 weights and measures. If they shall neglect to

36 provide any scale-beam, weight or measure nec37 essary to make such full set, after notice of the

38 deficiency and a reasonable time to procure the

39 same, they shall forfeit for each offence ten dollars

.

+0 The sealer of weights and measures chosen in

41 each town shall carefully keep the town stand

12 ards, and permit them to be used only as stand

43 ards ; shall once in three years cause them to

44 be tried and proved by the county sealer, for

45 which he shall be allowed by the selectmen a

46 reasonable compensation; and shall trj'' and

47 prove by said town standards all scale-beams,

48 steelyards, weights, and measures which shall be

49 presented to him for that purpose.

50 Every sealer of weights and measures in a town

51 or city shall once in each year, within three

52 months after the first of April, visit and examine

53 every place where scales or measures are used for

54 the purchase or sale of any goods or commodi55 ties, and shall examine all such scales or measures.

56 Such sealer shall go to and there try and

57 prove any local platform or other fixed scales,

58 when applied to for that purpose, and shall re5i> ceive for such service a reasonable compensation.

60 The county and town sealers shall seal all

61 scale-beams, weights and measures found con62 formable with the standards, with the seals

63 heretofore used, if any; otherwise the county

64 sealer may use such seal as he may select, a dees scription thereof being first lodged in the office

66 of the secretary of state ; and the town sealer

67 shall use such seal as the town may adopt by

68 vote describing the same.

6!) The state treasurer shall receive ten cents,

70 the county sealer ten cents, and the town sealer

71 twenty -five cents for each and every scale-beam,

72 steelyard, or scale, and ten cents for each meas1901

1875

1864

Public Stat- utes and Session

Laws^l901,

cliap. 1*25, sec. 3, p. 390.

Sec. 6.

Sec. J.

Sec. 8.

Sec. 9.

Sec. 10.
WEIGHTS AND MEAgUEES OF THE UNITED STATES. 261

N. H.

Reference.

Public Stat- utes and

Session

Laws,1901,

chap. 125,

sec. 3, p. 390.

Date.

(1864)

187.)

Sec. 11.

Sec. 12.

1864

18(5

Sec. 13.

Sec. 14.

Provisions.

lire examined and sealed, excepting where more

than five scales or measures belonging to one

person or firm are sealed, in which case the fee

shall be one half of that sum for each additional

measure; all fees to be paid by the party or

parties whose scales, weights or measures are examined. The sealer shall give to the party or

parties a certificate of the examination, which

shall contain the number of scales, weights,

or measures sealed by him, and the date thereof.

He shall keep a record thereof in a book provided at the expense of the town or county for

which he was appointed, which shall state the

number of scales, weights and measures sealed

by him, the parties for whom they were examined, and the date thereof.

Any sealer who shall refuse or neglect to

perform any dutj required by law shall forfeit

for each neglect or refusal ten dollars.

If any person shall sell or dispose of any

goods or merchandise by any scale, scale-beam,

steelyard, weight or measure not proved or

sealed as aforesaid, or shall fraudulently sell or dispose of any commodity by any scale, scalebeam, steelyard, weight, or measure, which has

been sealed but is unjust, he shall be punished

by a fine of ten dollars for each offense, one

half of which shall go to the person making the

complaint.

When any commodity shall be sold by the

hundred weight, it shall be understood to mean

the net weight of one hundred pounds avoirdupois; and all contracts concerning goods sold

by weight shall be construed accordingly, unless otherwise distinctly expressed.

Every public weigher or town weigher of goods

or commodities shall weigh the same, and certify

the weight thereof accordingly ; and for each neg - lect or refusal to do so he shall forfeit five dollars.

(3

74

78

79

80

81

82

83

84

85

86

87

88

89

90

91

92

93

94

95

96

97

98

99

100

101

102

103

104

105

106

107

108

109

110

111

Subject.

Certification.

Record.

Sealer's neglect.

Penalty.

Hundredweight.

Public welgher'R

duty.
262

N. H. WEIGHTS AJfD MEASUEES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject. Provisions. Date.

Heaped bushel measure.

Charcoal measure.

Weight of bread.

Penalty.

Weight of erain per

bushel.

Measure of mlLk.

"•^ All measures by Tvhich fruit and other things,

113 excepting charcoal, are usually sold by heaped

11* measure shall be of the following dimensions

:

115 The bushel, not less than eighteen and a half

116 inches in diameter inside; the half -bushel, not

11' less than thirteen and three quarters inches in

ii« diameter inside ; the peck, not less than ten and

119 three quarters inches in diameter, inside; and

120 the half -peck, not less than nine inches in di121 ameter inside.

122 Every basket or other measure by which char123 coal shall be measured or sold shall be not less

in its average diameter than twenty inches, and

12-5 of a depth sufficient to contain eighteen gallons

126 level measure, which shall be accounted two

12' bushels, or one strike.

12S Loaves of soft bread offered for sale shall weigh

129 either half a pound, or one, one and a half, two,

130 three, or four pounds each ; and soft biscuits shall

131 weigh either four or eight ounces each.

132 If anyone shall sell or offer for sale any loaves

133 of soft bread or any soft biscuits that shall weigh

131 less than to the requirements of the preceding

135 section, he shall be fined ten dollars for each

136 offense.

13' The standard weight of corn and rye shall be

138 fifty -six pounds per bushel; of corn and rye

139 meal fifty pounds per bushel; of wheat, peas,

110 and potatoes, sixty pounds per bushel ; of beans,

111 sixty -two pounds per bushel; of oats, thn^ty112 two pounds per bushel ; but sales of either of

1*3 such articles may be made by express agreement

144 of parties in any other way.

1*5 Milk shall be bought and sold by wine meas1*6 ure, the standard for which shall be two

1*' hundred and thirty -one cubic inches to the gains Ion, and for subdivisions of the gallon in the

1*9 same proportion.

lS5o

1869
WEIGHTS AND MEASUKES OF THE UNITED STATES. 263

N. H.

Date. Provisions. Subject.

1901

1873

(1883)

All measures or vessels used in the sale of

milk shall be tried and proved by the standard

of wine measure, and the quantity they hold

agreeably to such standard shall be marked

thereon. Any person selling any milk by any

other than measures so tried, sealed, and

marked, shall forfeit for each offense ten dollars.

All milk cans used by persons engaged in the

business of purchasing milk at wholesale, shall

be sealed annually by the sealer of weights and

measures in the city or town where the purchaser resides; and no milk can shall be sealed

which does not contain one or more quarts, and

the capacity of the can shall be legibly marked

upon it by the sealer.

When milk is purchased by the can, such can

shall hold eight quarts of milk and no more.

Any person violating the provisions of the

two preceding sections shall be fined not more

than fifty dollars.

All cord wood exposed for sale shall be either

four feet, three feet, or two feet long, including

the kerf, and being well and closely laid together, a quantity measuring eight feet in

length, four in width, and four in height shall

constitute a cord.

It shall be the duty of measurers of wood and

bark to measure any wood or bark whenever re - quested, and to give a certificate thereof; and

they shall be paid for the service, by the party

requesting the same, forty cents for each hour

or fractional part of an hour necessarily spent

by them, when the quantity to be measured exceeds twenty cords, and four cents a cord when

it is twenty cords or less.

If any measurer, upon tender of his fees, shall

unreasonably neglect or refuse to measure or

certify any wood or bark brought to him for

Measures for milk to be tried and proved

by standard of nine

measure.

Milk cans to be sealed and marked annually.

Capacity.

Penalty.

Cord wood, how measured.

Measurers of wood

and bark.

Dntles aud fees.
264 WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

N. H.

Subject. Provisions. Date. Reference.

that purpose, or shall give any false certificate, 1901 Public stat- utes and

189 he shall for each offense forfeit five dollars.

Session

Laws of N. H.. chap. 12 8, p

.

403.

Sec. 1.

Duties of surTejors of lumber. 190 Surveyors of lumber shall survey all plank,

191 boards, spars, slit work, shingles, clapboards,

192 and timber previous to the sale thereof, and

193 shall measure the same if necessary, having due

19* cousidei^ation for drying and shrinking, making

195 reasonable allowance for rot, knots, and splits.

196 They shall mark the same anew according to

197 the just contents thereof, if requested by the

198 seller or purchaser, and give a certificate of the

199 quantity and sorts, if required, on payment

200 therefor.

Standard thickness

of plank.

•201 The standard of thickness of merchantable

202 plank shall be two inches, and when any plank of

203 a different thickness shall be purchased, it shall

20* be admeasured and calculated by that standard.

P. 404.

Sec. 3.

Ship timber, how

measured. 205 All round ship timber shall be measured ac- P. 404.

Sec. 4. 206 cording to the following rule ; a stick of timber

207 sixteen inches in diameter and twelve inches in

208 length shall constitute one cubic foot, and in

209 the same ratio for any other size and quantity ;*

210 forty feet shall constitute one ton.

Timber by thousand, how measured. 211 All round timber, the quantity of which is

212 estimated by the thousand, shall be measured

213 according to the following rule : a stick of tim -

21* ber sixteen inches in diameter and twelve

215 inches in length shall constitute one cubic foot,

216 and the same ration shall apply to any other

21' size and quantity. Each cubic foot shall con218 stitute ten feet of a thousand.

P 404. Sec 5.

Contracts for purcliase and sale of cotton, how construed.

219 All contracts for the sale and purchase of raw

220 or unmanufactured cotton, made within this

221 state, shall be taken and deemed to be contracts

222 for sale and purchase at actual weights, exclu223 sive of the weight of bagging, rope, iron ties, or

22* straps, or any other material in which the cotton

225 may be packed.

1870 P. 394.

S. 17.
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES. 265

N. H.

Date.

1870

Provisions. Subject.

Where there is no special agreement as to the

amount of tare to be allowed on each bale, every

bale of raw or unmanufactured cotton sold or

offered for sale within this state shall have legi - bly marked upon it, or upon some tag securely

fixed thereto, the gross weight of such bale,

and the aggregate weight of the bagging, rope,

and ties, or other materials in which the cotton

is packed, together with the name of the

weigher.

For the purpose of ascertaining the weight of

the packing material upon cotton, according to

the provisions of this chapter, and in the absence

of a special agreement as to tare, it shall be lawful

to weigh by sample; but there shall be an actual weighing of the packing materials of at least

one bale in ten of each lot, after the same shall

have been stripped or removed from thebaic.

226

227

228

229

230

231

232

233

234

23.5

230

237

238

239

210

211

2ll2

243

MarKliig of bales.

Tare, how

talned

JERSEY.

.1.

Date. Provisions. Subject.

1881

Mar. 17 That the standard of freights and measures of

the United States, now deposited in the office

of the secretary of state, at Trenton, and in the

offices of the clerks of the several counties of

this state, shall be the standard of weights and

measures of this state, and of the several counties thereof ; and the said secretary of state and

county clerks, and their successors in office are hereby requu-ed to preserve and care for the

same, and to keep them in proper condition for

comparison with those used by the inhabitants

of this state, when required by the provisions

of this act. That in this state the bushel of barley shall

consist of forty -eight pounds; of buckwheat,

fifty pounds ; of clover -seed, sixty -four pounds

of flax-seed, fifty-five pounds; of Indian corn,

fifty -six pounds; of amber sugar cane seed,

fifty-seven pounds; of oats, thu'ty pounds; of

rye, fifty -six pounds; of wheat, sixty jDounds;

of Irish potatoes, sixty pounds; of sweet potatoes, fiftj^-four pounds; of beans, sixty

pounds ; of peas, sixty pounds ; of onions, fifty

seven pounds; of dried peaches, thirty -three

pounds; of dried apples, twenty-five pounds;

and of all other articles usually sold by the

bushel and not weighed, the capacity of the

bushel shall be two thousand one hundred and

fifty and forty-two hundredths cubic inches;

of liquids, the standard gallon shall contain two

hundred and thirty -one cubic -inches ; the avoirdupois pound, of seven thousand grains troy,

shall be the standard for all commodities

standards established.

Custody.

8

9

10

11

1-2

13

14

15

16

i;

18

lt»

20

21

o.i

23

•2i

2.1

26

27

28

29

30

31

32 i

33 I

Weight of bnshel.

Standard bnshel and

sallon.

Weight.
268

J. WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Provisions. Date.

34

35

36

37

38

39

40

41

42

43

44

45

46

47

48

49

50

51

52

53

54

55

56

57

58

59

60

61

62

63

64

65

66

67

68

69

70

71

72

usually sold by weight, except gold, silver,

jewels and apothecaries' drugs, of which five

thousand seven hundred and sixty grains troy

shall constitute a pound;, the standard yard

shall consist of three feet or thirty -six inches,

and the chain for the measurement of lands

shall consist of four rods or sixty -six feet.

That if any person or persons within this

state shall willfully vend or sell any wares or merchandise, or any commodity whatever, by

any weight or measure of less length, weight or capacity than those mentioned in this act, for

the purpose of defrauding the person or persons

purchasing the same, the person or persons so offending shall, on conviction thereof, forfeit

and pay for every offence a sum not less than

two nor more than five times the value of the

article so illegally sold, to be recovered by action of debt, with costs in any court having

cognizance of that sum, one -half of said penalty

to go to the prosecutor and the other half to

the educational fund of the township in which

the offense may have been committed.

That for the protection of any persons against

prosecution for violating this act, he, she or they shall have access to the standard weights

and measures which are now, or may hereafter

be, deposited in the clerk's office of their re- spective counties, for the purpose of comparing

the several weights and measures by them used

with those so deposited ; and the said clerk shall

be entitled to receive one cent for ev,ery weight,

two cents for every measure and ten cents for

every scale compared, adjusted or corrected, to

be paid by the person by whom application is

made.

That the act entitled '

' An act to establish a uniform standard of weights and measures in

this state, and to provide for the appointment

1881

Mar. 17
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES. 269

N. .].

Eeference. Date. Provisions. Subject.

General Statutes, 1709-

1895, TOl. III,p.3752.

Sec. 5.

Sec. 6.

1881

1883

Feb. 14

Sec. 7.

Sec. 8.

Sec. 9.

Sec. 10. 1894 May 25

of a state superinteudent and inspector of the

same," passed March twenty -fifth, one thousand

eight hundred and seventy -two, and all supplements thereto, be and the same are hereby

repealed.

That the state geologist is hereby directed

and required to procure for the state of New

Jersey a surveyor's hardened steel tape, fifty

feet in length, of United States standard measurement, graduated to feet and hundredths,

with proper adjustment for temperature, and

with a spring balance attachment to pull not

less than six nor more than seven pounds;

which said tape shall be the standard of measurement for the surveying of all land in the

state of New Jersej^

That said standard shall be carefully preserved

in the office of the state geologist, and shall be

subject to the use, in the office of the state

geologist, or under his supervision, of any sur- veyor of this state for the purpose of testing

chains or tapes used by such surveyor.

That the expenses incurred for procuring

said standards shall be paid by the state treasurer, upon the presentation of voucher properly

indorsed by the state geologist.

That all acts, general and special, inconsistent herewith, are hereby repealed, and this act

shall take effect immediately.

That if any person shall hereafter sell, deliver or otherwise dispose of coal by what is

commonly known as short weight, or shall sell,

deliver or otherwise dispose of less than two

thousand pounds of coal for what is known

net ton, or of less than two thousand two hundred and forty pounds thereof for what is known

as a gross ton, he or she shall be deemed to be

guilty of a misdemeanor, and, upon conviction

thereof, shall be fined the sum of twenty -five

73

74

75

76

77

78

79

80

81

82

83

84

85

86

87

88

89

90

91

92

93

94

95

96

97

98

99

100

101

102

103

104

105

106

107

108

109

110

111

Land measurement.

Where kept.

Kxpeuses.

Repealer.

Tou of coal.
270

jj. i. WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject. Provisions. Date. Reference.

Weigher, appoint- ment of.

Weight of bushel of apples.

Penalty.

Owner of scales to re- port weight.

112

113

114

11.5

116

ii;

118

119

120

121

122

123

124

12.5

126

127

128

129

130

131

132

133

134

135

136

137

138

139

140

141

142

143

144

145

146

147

148

149

dollars for each and every offense, one -half of

which fine shall be paid to the person making

complaint thereof.

That the common council, board of aldermen,

township committee or other governing body of

any city, borough, township or other municipality in this state may designate and appoint

some competent person or persons to inspect

the weighing of coal, to detect any violations of

the provisions of this act, and to make complaint thereof, which person or persons so appointed shall receive as his or their sole com - pensation one -half the fine as aforesaid.

That fifty pounds shall constitute a bushel of

apples.

That if any person or persons owning or keeping or having charge of any scales or steelyards for the purpose of weighing live stock,

hay, coal or grain shall knowingly and willfully report any false or untrue weight whereby

any other person or persons may be defrauded,

deceived or injured, such person or persons,

upon conviction thereof shall be fined in any

sum not exceeding fifty dollars, or be imprisoned in the county jail not exceeding thirty

days, or both, at the discretion of the court, and

also be answerable to the party defrauded in

double damages, to be collected in an action of

debt before any court having competent jurisdiction.

That whenever the person or persons keeping

such scales or steelyards shall weigh any of the

aforesaid articles for hire or reward, he shall or they shall, on demand of the party interested,

report the weight of such article or articles, in

writing, to the owner thereof, and shall keep a record of the same in a suitable book to be kept

for that purpose.

General StatDtes, 1709-

1895, TOl. III,p.3;53.

Sec. 10.

Sec. 11.

1870

Mar. 17

1887

Apr. 21

Sec. 12.

Sec. 13.

Sec. 14.
WEIGHTS AND MEASUEES OF THE UNITED STATES. 271

>. .1.

Date. Provisions. Subject.

That a gross ton of hay or coal shall be implied to mean an avoirdupois weight of two

thousand two hundred and forty pounds and

that a net ton of hay or coal shall be implied to

mean an avoirdupois weight of two thousand

pounds.

That the standard size of peach baskets in

the State of New Jersey shall be sixteen quarts

Winchester half -bushel measure, that the

height of the basket shall be twelve and onequarter inches, and that the width across the

top shall be thirteen and one -half inches, and

that the inside measurement shall contain one

thousand and seventy -five and ten one -hundredths cubic inches, and that such basket

shall be marked "standard, N. J." upon the

staves just below the rim in Roman letters,

which shall be burned on or printed thereon

with permanent red paint in a straight line,

and each of them shall be not less than one

inch in length, and not be less than one -half

inch in width, and that every person who shall

manufacture for sale, or who shall offer or expose for sale any basket to be used for shipping or selling peaches not standard, shall distinctly and durably stamp, brand or mark upon

such basket upon the stave just below the rim

the number of quarts such basket contains.

That every person who shall manufacture,

sell, or offer or expose for sale, or have in his or her possession with intent to sell, or to use any peach basket or baskets not stamped,

branded or marked as required by the first section of this act to be stamped, branded, or marked, shall for every such offense, forfeit and

pay a fine of not less than twenty -five dollars

and not more than fifty dollars, to be recovered

with costs, in any court of this state having

160

151

152

153

154

155

156

157

158

159

160

161

162

163

16+

165

166

167

168

169

170

171

172

173

174

175

176

177

178

179

180

181

182

183

184

185

186

187

Gross and net ton defined

Standard size of peach basliets.

Marking.

Penalty.
272

A. J. WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject. Provisions. Date. Reference.

Illegal baskets, penalty.

Repealer.

188 cognizance thereof, in any action to be prose

189 cuted by any prosecuting attorney in the name

of the state, and the one -half of such recovery

191 shall be paid to the informer, and the residue

192 shall be applied to the support of the poor in

193 the county where such recovery is had.

194 That all acts and parts of acts inconsistent

195 with this act be and the same are hereby re19S pealed, and this act shall take effect the first

197 day of September, one thousand eight hundred

198 and ninety -two.

General statutes, 1709-

1895, TOl.

I, p. 140.

Sec. 5.

Sec. 6.
l^mV MEXICO.

iV. MEX.

Reference. ' Date. Provisions. Subject.

1852

Jan. 12 The weights and measures, as adopted by the

United States government, and at present in use

for the pui'poses of said government, be and the

same are hereby adopted and estabhshed as the

legal weights and measures of the Territory of

New Mexico.

All persons purchasing or selling with or by any

other weights and measures than such as have

been approved and sealed, as by this act required,

shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and

shall be fined, on conviction, in a sum not less

than twenty dollars, nor more than one hundred dollars.

The inhabitants of each county, shall apply to

the probate judge thereof, within the term of

thirty days from the publication of the notice

for such purpose, to cause a comparison of their

weights and measures, and for the judge of probate to give them his approval in the comparison, and in addition to the general seal, he shall

place thereon the peculiar one of the county.

The secretary, for the comparisons, approved

with the seal, which he may prepare for each

county, as also the judges of probate for those

which they prepare in theii' respective counties,

shall receive twenty -five cents, for each measure

from the person who wishes such comparison.

Any judge of probate who shall alter the measures, and approve the same, for any person who

may solicit it, shall be punished by a fine of not

less than fifty dollars, nor more than two hundred dollars, which shall be placed in the county

treasury, if they be convicted and sentenced in

the district court.

s

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

i;

IS

19

20

21

22

23

2i

25

26

30

31

32

33

34

Standards adopted.

Buying and selling.

Application for approval.

Fees.

Alteration

19150—05- -18 273
274 WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

N. MEX.

Subject. Provisions. Date. Reference.

Secretary to procure. 35 That the secretary of the Territory of New

36 Mexico be and he is hereby required to procure

37 as soon as possible from the proper department

38 of the Federal Government, the necessary stand

39 ard of weights and measures for this territory,

*o which shall be deposited in his office for the

41 greater security thereof.

1897 C ompl led

Laws, vol.

II, title

42, chap.

I, p. 1037.

Sec. 4190.

County standards. 42 As soon as said standards of weights and

43 measures shall be provided and deposited in the

44 manner required in the foregoing section, each

45 probate judge, in order to provide for their re46 spective counties, on receiving information that

47 the said standard has been received and depos48 ited as aforesaid, shall apply in person, or

49 through some person in whom he has confi50 dence, to the secretary of the territory, in order

51 that the said secretary furnish him with exact

62 weights and measures as deposited in the said

53 office of the said secretary ; and said comparison

54 of said standards shall be the model for weights

55 and measures in the respective counties; and

56 every two years thereafter the judges of probate

57 shall cause a comparison to be made with the

58 said standard of weights and measures deposited

59 with the secretary of the territory.

Sec. 4191.

Expense of standards. 60* The secretary of the territory shall provide

61 and deposit in his office, the standard mentioned

62 in section 4190, at the expense of the territory

;

63 and in order to provide therefor, on presenta64 tion of the account for transportation and other

65 expenses in obtaining said standards as made

66 by the said secretary, the auditor of public

67 accounts of this territory shall draw a warrant

68 on the territorial treasury for the amount of the

69 account thus presented, and the treasurer shall

70 pay the same out of any funds in his hands

71 belonging to the said territory: Provided, That

72 the said account shall not exceed the sum of

73 fifty dollars.

Sec. 4192.
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES. 275

i\. JIEX.

Reference.

Compiled

Laws, vol.

II, title 42, chap. 1, p. 1037.

Sec. 4193.

Sec. 4194.

Date.

Sec. 4195.

Sec. 4196.

House Bill

i\o. 102.

Sec. 1.

iec. 2.

Provisions.

Approved

Mar. 16, 1901.

The judges of probate of this territory shall

obtain a comparison with the standard that

has been deposited in the office of secretary of

the territory, at the expense of their respective

counties.

The vara measure is hereby suppressed, substituting in lieu thereof as the legal measure in

this territory, the yard, this being the measure

generally approved in the Uiiited States.

The probate judges of the different counties,

of which this territory is composed, are hereby

required to enforce compliance with the law

relative to weights and measures, by requiring

the same to be presented to said judge annually

for his comparison and approval: Provided,

That any person who shall fail to comply with

said duty shall be liable to suffer the penalty

imposed by law for such violation.

Any probate judge who shall fail to comply

with the duties herein specified, on conviction

thereof before the district court, shall suffer a fine for such omission in any sum not less

than two hundred, nor more than five hundred

dollars.

The following rule and method of measuring

loose hay in the stack, and specifying the cubical

contents of a ton of loose hay, is hereby established . Measure the stack for length, width, and the

"over," to get the "over," throw a tape line over the stack at an average place, from ground

to ground, drawing it tightly.

Multiply the width by the over and divide this

result by four.

Multiply result of division by the length, for

approximate cubical contents of stack.

To reduce to tons, for hay that has stood in

stack less than 20 days, divide cubical contents

by 512, for more than 20 and less than 60 days

74

75

76

77

78

79

80

81

82

83

84

85

86

87

90

91

92

93

94

95

96

97

98

99

100

101

102

103

104

105

106

107

108

109

110

111

112

Subject.

Expense of comparison to Itc paid I)y county.

Yard substituted for vara.

Enforcement ; duty of.

Penalty.

Rule establislied for measuring liay.

Measuring a stacli ot hay.

Tonnaare of liay

staclsed twenty days and for )iny stacked

sixty d:'_; s.
276

N. MEX. WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject. Provisions. Date.

T 11 II ii (' of li a

y

stacked over sixty

days.

Usiiif? false weights and measures.

divide cubical contents by 422, for more than 60

days divide cubical contents by 380.

Example. Stack measures 17 feet wide, 58

feet long, and 36 feet over. Stack has stood 15

days.

Multiply 17 by 36 equals 612.

Divide 612 by 4 equals 153.

Multiply 153 by length 58 equals 8874 which

gives the cubical contents in feet.

Divide 8874 by 512 equals 17 tons in stack.

Any person or persons who shall, with malice

and to the injury of the people or to any individual, alter or reduce the legal weights and

measures, regulated according to the standard

established in this territory, sections four thousand one hundred and eighty -five to four thousand one hundred and ninety -six, use any false

measures, on conviction thereof before the court

of a justice of the peace, or upon indictment

before the district court, shall be tried and sen- tenced as is provided by said sections.

1901

1897
^iTEW YORK.

N. Y.

Date. Provisions. Subject.

1896 This chapter shall be known as the domestic

commerce law.

The standard weights and measures now in

charge of the secretary of state, being the same

that were furnished to this state by the govern - ment of the United States, in accordance with

a joint resolution of Congress, approved June

fourteenth, eighteen hundred and thirty -six,

and consisting of one standard yard measure

and one set of standard weights, comprising one

Troy pound, and nine avoirdupois weights of

one, two, three, four, five, ten, twenty, twenty

five, and fifty pounds respectively; one set of

standard Troy ounce weights, divided decimally

from ten ounces to one ten -thousandth of an

ounce ; one set of standard liquid capacity meas - ures, consisting of one wine gallon of two hundred

and thirty -one cubic inches, one -half gallon,

one quart, one pint and one -half pint measure;

and one standard half bushel, containing one

thousand and seventy -five cubic inches and

twenty -one hundredths of a cubic inch, according to the inch hereby adopted as standard shall

be the standards of weights and measures

throughout this state.

The unit or standard measure of length and

surface, from which all other measures of extension, whether lineal, superficial or solid, shall

be derived and ascertained, is the standard yard

designated in this article, which is divided into

three equal parts called feet, and each foot into

twelve equal parts called inches. For measure

of cloths and other commodities commgnly sold

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

•20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

32

33

Description of

standards.

Length, vretglit.

Capacity.

Unit of lensrtit and

surface.
278 WEIGHTS AND MEASUEES OF THE UNITED STATES.

N. Y.

Subject. Provisions. Date. Reference.

Ijiiiul measures.

Units of wciglit.

Units of capacity.

31 by the yard, it may be divided into halves,

35 quarters, eighths, and sixteenths. The rod,

36 pole, or perch, contains five and one -half yards;

37 the mile, one thouand seven hundred and sixty

38 yards. The chain for measuring land is twenty

39 two yards long and is divided into one hundred

40 equal parts called links. The acre for land

41 measure shall be measured horizontally and

42 contain ten square chains, equivalent in area to

43 a rectangle sixteen rods in length and ten in

44 breadth; six hundred and forty acres being

4s contained in a square mile.

46 The units or standards of weight from which

47 all other weights shall be derived and ascer48 tained shall be the standard of avoirdupois and

49 Troy weights designated in this article. The

50 avoirdupois pound bears to the Troy pound the

51 ratio of seven thousand to five thousand seven

52 hundred and sixty, and is divided into sixteen

53 equal parts called ounces. The hundredweight

54 consists of one hundred avoirdupois pounds

55 and twenty hundredweight are a ton. The

56 Troy ounce is equal to the twelfth part of a

57 Troy pound.

58 The units or standards of measure of capacity

59 for liquids from which all other measures shall

60 be derived and ascertained shall be the standard

61 gallon and its parts designated in this article.

62 The barrel is equal to thirty -one and one -half

63 gallons and two barrels are a hogshead. All

64 other measures of capacity for liquids shall be

65 derived from the liquid gallon by continual

66 division by the number two, so as to make half

67 gallons, quarts, pints, half pints and gills. The

68 nil if, CiV "^tanrlai^rl TYipamiT'p nf r'fl,T)fl,p/itv for snb69 stance not liquids, from which all measures of

70 such substances shall be derived and ascer71 tained, is the standard half bushel mentioned

72 in this article. The peck, half peck, quarter

General

LaiTS, chap.

34, art. I. Sec. 3.

Sec. i.

Sec. 6.
WEIGHTS AND MEASUEES OF THE UNITED STATES. 279

Jf. T.

Date. Provisions. Subject.

peck, quart and pint measures for measuring

commodities which are not liquids shall be

derived from the half bushel by successively

dividing that measure by two.

The measures of capacity for all commodities

commonly sold by heap measure shall be the

half bushel and its multiples and subdivisions.

The measures used to measure such commodities shall be cylindrical, with plain and even

bottom, and of the diameter of nineteen and

one -half inches from outside to outside if a bushel; fifteen and one -half inches if a half

bushel, and twelve and one-thu-d inches if a peck. All commodities sold by heap measure

shall be duly heaped up in the form of a cone,

the outside of the measure to be the limit of the

base of the cone, and the cone to be as high as the commodities will admit.

The standard measure of capacity for bran

and shorts shall be forty quarts to the bushel.

The measure used for measuring such commod - ities shall be round, with a plain or even bottom, and it shall be thirteen and one -half inches

in diameter in the clear at the top, and fifteen

inches and one -half in diameter in the clear at

the bottom and of sufficient depth to contain

such number of quarts, when stricken with

a round, straight stick or roller of uniform

diameter.

Whenever any commodity specified in this 102 section is sold by the bushel, and no special 103 agreement is made by the parties as to the mode i»* of measuring, the bushel shall consist of seventy 105 pounds of lime or coarse salt; sixty pounds of 10c wheat, peas, potatoes, clover-seed or beans; i<>< fifty-seven pounds of onions; fifty -six pounds

of Indian corn, rye or fine salt; fifty -five pounds 109 of flaxseed ; fifty -four pounds of sweet potatoes ; no

fifty pounds of corn meal, rye meal, or carrots:

79

80

81

86

88

90

91

92

93

94

95

96

97

100

101

Dry measures.

Heaj) measure.

Jleasure for bran.

>'umber of ponnds to

tlie bashel.

Ill
280

N. T. WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject. Provisions. Date. Reference.

.Number of pounds to the bushel.

M r f than legal

weieht.

Size of barrel for apples, pears, quinces, and potatoes.

forty -eight pounds of barley, apples or buckwheat; forty-five pounds of herdsgrass, timothy seed or rough rice; forty -four pounds of

Sea Island cotton seed; thirty -three pounds of

dried peaches ; thirty -two pounds of oats ; thirty

pounds of upland cotton seed; twenty -five

pounds of dried apples ; twenty pounds of bran

or shorts.

Where potatoes, grains or other agricultural

products are sold by the bushel, without agreement as to the weight, any person requiring a

greater number of pounds for a bushel than as prescribed by section eight of the domestic

commerce law, is guilty of a misdemeanor.

Section nine of chapter three hundred and

seventy -six of the laws of eighteen hundred and

ninety-six, entitled "An act relating to domestic

commerce law, constituting chapter thirty -four

of the general laws," as amended by chapter

three hundred and seventeen of the laws of

eighteen hundred and ninety -nine, is hereby

amended to read as follows

:

A barrel of pears, quinces or potatoes shall

represent a quantity equal to one hundred

quarts of grain or dry measure. A barrel of

apples shall be of the following dimensions:

head diameter, seventeen and one - eighth inches

;

length of stave, twenty -eight and one -half

inches; bulge, not less than sixty-four inches

outside measurement, to be known as the standard apple barrel. Or where the barrel shall be

made straight or without a bulge it shall contain

the same number of cubic inches as the standard apple barrel. Every person buying or selling apples, pears, quinces or potatoes in this

state by the barrel, shall be understood as referring to the quantity or size of the barrel,

specified in this section, but when potatoes are

sold by weight, the quantity constituting a barGeneral

LaTTS,chap.

34, art. I. Sec. 8.

Sec. 8a.

1902

Apr. 2 laws of Jf. Y., 125th Session,

1902, vol. 2. C. 337.

Sec. 1.

Sec. 9. C. 317.
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES. 281

T.

Reference. Date. Provisions. Subject.

Laws of A'. Y.. 12oth Session,

chap. 337.

Sec. 1.

1902

Sec. 2. tieiieralLaws

of 1896,

cliap. 376.

Sec. 10.

Sec. 11.

rel shall be one hundred and seventy -four

pounds. No person. shall make, or cause to be

made, barrels holding less than the quantity

herein specified, knowing or having reason to

believe that the same are to be used for the sale

of apples, quinces, pears or potatoes, unless

such barrel is plainly marked on the outside

thereof vrith the words "short barrel" in letters

of not less than one inch in height. No person

in this state shall use barrels hereafter made for

the sale of such articles of a size less than the

size specified in this section. Every person

violating any provision of this section shall forfeit to the people of this state a sum of five

dollars for every barrel put up or made or used

in violation of such provision.

This act shall take effect immediately.

All contracts made within the state for work

to be done, or for the sale or delivery of personal property, by weight or measm-e, shall be

taken and construed according to the ^andards

of weights and measures adopted in this article.

The state superintendent of weights and

measures shall take charge of the standards

adopted by this article as the standards of the

state; cause them to be kept in a fire proof

building belonging to the state, from which

they shall not be removed, and take all other

necessary precautions for their safe -keeping.

He shall correct the standards of the several

cities and counties and provide them with such

standards, balances and other means of adjustment as may be necessary, and, as often as once

in ten years, compare the same with those in

his possession, and he shall have a general

supervision of the weights and measures of the

state.

151

1.52

1.53

1.54

155

156

167

1.58

159

160

161

162

163

164

165

166

167

168

169

70

71

72

73

174

Weight of barrel of potatoes.

78

79

180

181

182

183

184

185

186

187

Penalty.

Effect.

Construction of contracts.

Duties of State supcriiiteudentof weights and measures.
282

X. Y. WEIGHTS AXD MEASURES OF THE U^TITED STATES.

Subject. Provisions. Date. Eeference.

Copies of standard

weislits and meast'onnty sealer, duty

of: superTisors.

Town sealer.

188

20

•203

The state shall have a complete set of copies

of the original standards of weights and meas190 nres adopted by this article, which shall be used

191 for adjusting county standards, and the original

192 standards shall not be used except for the ad193 justment of this set of copies and for scientific

i9i purposes. The state superintendent of weights

195 and measures shall see that the foregoing pro196 vision of this section are complied with and

197 procure such apparatus and fixtures, if the same

198 have not already been procured, as are neces199 sary in the comparison and adjustment of the

200 county standards. He shall cause all the city

201 and county standards to be impressed with

the emblem of the United States, the letters

"X. Y.," and such other device as he shall

•204 direct for the particular county.

205 There shall be a county sealer of weights and

206 measures in each county, who shall be appointed

207 by the board of supervisors and hold office clur208 ing the pleasure of such board. He shall take

209 charge of and safely keep the count}' standards,

•210 provide the several towns with such standard

•211 weights, measures and balances, stamped with

212 such devices as the board of supervisors may

213 direct, as may be wanting, and compare the

21* town standards with those of the county as often

215 as once in five years. In towns where there are

216 no standards or no town sealer, he shall per217 form the duties of a town sealer. The board of

218 supervisors of each county shall procure the

219 proper standards for each town therein not

220 provided therewith, and the expense thereof

221 shall be paid by such town.

222 There shall be a town sealer of weights and

223 measures in each town, to be appointed by the

221 town board and hold office during its pleasure.

225 He shall take charge of and safely keep the

226 town standards and see that the weights, meas1896 General Laws

of Y., vol. Ill,

chap. 34,

art. 1. Sec. 12.
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES. 283

a. v.

Date. Provisions. Subject.

iires and all apparatus used in the town which

are brought to him for that purpose, conform to

the town standards.

Where not otherwise |)rovided by law, there

shall be a city sealer of weights and measures

to be appointed by the common council of each

city, and hold office during the pleasure of the

said council. He shall perform in his city the

duties of a town sealer in a town. Where it is

provided by law that some other city officer shall

perform the duties of a sealer, the provisions of

this article shall apply to such officer, so far as the same are not inconsistent with the law under

which he acts.

Whenever the sealer of a city, county or town

compares weights and measures and finds that

they correspond or causes them to correspond

with the standards in his possession, he shall

seal and mark such weights and measures with

the appropriate devices.

Each sealer shall receive for his services the

following fees

For sealing and marking every beam, ten

cents.

For sealing and marking measures of extension, ten cents per yard, not exceeding fifty

cents for any one measure.

For sealing and marking every weight, five

cents.

For sealing and marking liquid and dry meas - ures, ten cents for each measure.

He shall have a reasonable compensation for

making weights and measures conform with

the standards in his possession.

Whenever the state superintendent of weights

and measures resigns, is removed from office or removes from the city of Albany, or when any

city, county or town sealer resigns, is removed

from office or removes from the city, county or

227

2-28

22!)

230

231

232

233

234

235

236

237

238

239

240

241

242

243

244

245

246

247

248

249

250

251

2.32

253

254

255

256

257

258

259

260

261

262

263

264

265

City sealer.

Weights and measures to be sealed;

fees.

Dellrery of standards

to successor in

office.
284

>. T. WEIGHTS AND MEASUEES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject. Provisions. Date.

DellTery of standards

to successor.

SurTeyor's evidence

of survey of lands.

266 town in which he has been appointed or elected,

267 he shall deliver to his successor in office all the

268 standard beams, weights and measures in his

269 possession, and on the death of any such sealer

270 of weights and measures his representatives

271 shall in like manner deliver to his successor in

•272 office such beams, weights and measures. In

case of refusal or neglect to deliver such stand

274 ards entire and complete, as in this section re275 quired, the successor in office may maintain an

276 action against the person or persons so refusing

277 or neglecting, and recover double the value of

278 the standards not delivered and double the costs.

279 One -half the damages recovered in every such

280 action shall be retained by the person so re281 covering, and the other shall be applied to the

282 purchase of such standards as may be required

283 in his office.

2'*4 No surveyor shall give evidence in any cause

285 depending in any of the com'ts of this state, or

286 before arbitrators, respecting the survey or

287 measurement of lands which he may have

288 made, unless if required, either such surveyor

289 shall make oath, or it shall otherwise be shown

290 that the chain or measure used by him was

291 conformable to the standards of the state which

292 were the standards of the state at the time such

293 survey was made. An official certificate of any

294 state, county, city, village or town sealer elected

295 or appointed pursuant to the laws of this state,

296 or the oath of such smweyor, that such chain or

297 measm^e conformed to the state standard which

298 shall have been furnished any such sealer pur299 suant to the laws of this state, shall be prima

300 facie evidence of such conformity, and an official

301 certificate made by any such sealer that the im302 plement used in measuring such chain or other

303 measure was the one provided under such laws

304 for such pm^poses, shall be prima facie evidence

30a of that fact.
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES. 285

N. Y.

Eeference. Date. Provisions. Subject.

General

Laws, 1896.

Sec. 17b.

Sec. 17e.

Sec. 17(1.

Sec. 17e.

Sec. 17f, p. 1007.

A person who injures or defrauds another by soo using, with knowledge that the same is false, a 307 false weight, measure or other apparatus, for 308 determining the quantity of any commodity, or so" article of merchandise, or by knowingly deliver- sio ing less than the quantity that he represents, is

guilty of a misdemeanor. 312 A person who retains in his possession any 313 weight or measure, knowing it to be false, unless

it appears beyond a reasonable doubt that it was

so retained without intent to use it, or permit sir,

it to be used in violation of the last section, is sn guilty of a misdemeanor. sis A person who is authorized or enjoined by

law to arrest another person for a violation of 320 the last two sections, is equally authorized and »2i enjoined to seize any false weights and measures 322 found in the possession of the person so ar- 323 rested and to deliver the same to the magistrate 324 before whom the person so arrested is required 325 to be taken. 320 The magistrate to whom any weight or meas - 327 ure is delivered pursuant to the last section, 328 must, upon the examination of the defendant, 329 or if the examination is delayed or prevented, 330 without awaiting such examination, cause the 331 same to be tested by comparison with the stand - 332 ards conformable to law ; and if he finds it to 333 be false, he must cause it to be destroyed, or 334 to be delivered to the district attorney of the 335 county in which the defendant is liable to in- 336 dictment or trial, as the interests of justice in 337 his judgment require. 338 Upon the conviction of the defendant, the dis- 339 trict attorney must cause any weight or measure 340 in the respect whereof the defendant stands con - 341 victed, and which remains in the possession or 342 under the control of the district attorney, to be 343 destroyed. 344

Usiii^ false weights and measures.

Keeping false

weights.

Same; may be seized.

Same; may be tested and destroyed.

To be destroyed after conviction.
286

X. Y. WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject. Provisions Date.

Stamping false weight

or tare.

Small frnlt paclcages.

Standard quart.

Marks on baskets.

Penalty.

Oysters in kegs or

cans, how marked

or branded.

315

346

347

348

349

350

351

352

353

354

355

356

357

358

359

360

361

362

363

364

365

366

367

368

369

370

371

372

373

374

375

376

377

378

379

380

381

382

383

A person who knowingly marks or stamps

false or short weights, or false tare on any cask

or package, or knowingly sells or offers for sale

any cask or package so marked, is guilty of a misdemeanor.

The standard of measure for buying and selling

strawberries, raspberries, blackberries, currants,

gooseberries and other small fruit shall be the

quart, which shall contain when even full sixty

seven cubic inches ; the pint when even full shall

contain thirty-three and one -half cubic inches;

the half pint, which, when even full, shall contain sixteen and three-quarters cubic inches.

All manufacturers of small fruit packages such

as quarts, pints and half pints, that make or cause to be made such packages that are of less

size or capacity than the standard sizes defined

in section one of this act, shall mark each such

quart, pint and half pint with the word '' short

on the outside in letters not less than one half

inch in height. • Any person in this state who sells or offers

for sale fruit packages that are of less than the

standard sizes and capacity as defined in section

one, or any person who sells or offers for sale

fruit in packages that are of less size or capacity

than those defined in section one, that are not

marked with the word '

' short ' ' as directed in

section two, shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor and upon conviction thereof in any

court of competent' jurisdiction shall be fined

not less than five dollars and not more than

twenty -five dollars, and shall stand committed

to the county jail until such fine and costs are

paid.

Every person engaged in putting up oysters

for sale in kegs or cans, or offering them for

sale in kegs or cans, not previously marked or branded, shall mark or brand such kegs or cans

1900
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OE^ THE UNITED STATES. 287

J(. Y.

Date. Provisions. Subject.

1900

with the true quantity of oysters in pints, quarts

or gallons, which they may respectively hold, 38» and not more than one -quarter of each quantity 3«6 shall be liquid.

Every person violating any provision of this sss section shall forfeit to the city, village or town 389 where the violation occurs, the sum of one hun soo dred dollars for every such violation. sfi The casks shall be of two sizes only. One cask

shall contain one hundred and ninety -six pounds 393 of flour or meal, with staves twenty -seven inches 394 long and each head sixteen and one -half inches 395 in diameter; and the other size shall contain soe ninety -eight pounds, with staves twenty -two 39; inches long and each head fourteen inches in 398 diameter, or with staves twenty -seven inches 399 long and each head not more than twelve inches *oo in diameter. But Indian meal may likewise be *oi packed in hogsheads which shall contain eight *02 hundred pounds. 403 All barrels in which any pork or beef is re- packed, shall be of good, seasoned white oak or white ash staves and heading, free from every 4<»« defect ; and each barrel shall contain two hun - dred pounds of beef or pork.

The barrel shall measure seventeen and one

half inches between the chimes, and be twenty

eight inches long, and hooped with twelve good, *ii hickory, white oak or other substantial hoops. *i2 If made of ash staves, it shall be hooped with "3

at least fourteen hoops. The staves and heads ^i* shall be of good thick stuff, the heads not less *i5 than three-quarters of an inch thick; and each "e

stave, on each edge, at the bilge, shall not be

less than one -half an inch thick when finished. *i8 The hoops shall be well set and drove, and the

barrels branded on the bilge with at least the

initial letters of the cooper's name. The half *2i barrel shall contain not less than fifteen, not *22

408

409

410

Sale of oysters.

Size of casks.

Barrels and tierces, how made.
288

S. Y. WEIGHTS AND MEASUEES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject. Provisions. Date.

Stiindard weight of

liop bales and tare thereon.

Welglit to be marked

on bale.

Penalty.

Bepackins fruit and farm produce in barrels and other packages.

423

424

425

426

427

428

429

430

431

432

438

434

436

436

437

438

439

440

441

442

443

444

445

446

447

448

449

4.50

451

452

453

454

455

456

457

458

459

460

401

more than sixteen gallons, and be made in

proportion to and of like materials as a whole

barrel, and shall contain one -half the quantity

of beef or pork of the whole barrel.

The tierce shall be made in proportion to and

of like materials as a barrel, and shall contain

three hundred pounds of beef or pork.

A bale of hops sold in this state shall not

weigh less than one hundred and seventy -five

nor more than two hundred and ten pounds.

The tare to be deducted is five pounds. The

standard weight of sacking for baling is not less

than twenty -four nor more than thirty ounces

for each yard; five yards thereof is the maximum quantity to be used for each bale, and any

excess in. the weight of such sacking or other

extraneous matter used in baling may be deducted as additional tare.

The gross weight shall be plainly marked on

each bale of hay or straw sold or offered for sale

in this state ; and no baled hay or straw shall be

so sold or offered for sale which weighs less than

such gross weight after deducting five pounds

from such bale for shrinkage. And no baled

hay or straw shall be so sold or offered for sale

with more than twenty pounds of wood to the

bale, the weight of which is two hundred pounds

or upward, or more than ten pounds of wood

for bales weighing less than two hundred

pounds.

A person violating any provision of this section shall forfeit to the people of the state the

sum of five dollars for each such violation.

A person, firm, association or corporation who

purchases fruit or farm produce in barrels,

boxes or other packages, and empties, or causes

to be emptied, such barrels, boxes or other

packages, and repacks, or causes to be repacked

therein the same or other fruit or farm pro1900

1904

Apr. 13
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OP THE UNITED STATES. 289

N. T.

Reference. Date. Provisions. Subject.

Act to amend domestic

commerce

law. Laws of

N.¥.,chap.

309.

Sec. 45.

Chap. 286.

Sec. 44.

1904

April 18. duce, shall, before any such repacked barrel, *62 box or other package is sold, or offered or *es exposed for sale, erase or otherwise obliterate

the name of the grower or producer, if found *65 thereon. Every such person, firm, association or corporation selling, or offering or exposing

for sale fruit or farm produce which has been

emptied from and repacked in the barrels,

boxes or other packages in which they were *7o purchased, without erasing or otherwise obliterating the name of the grower, or producer of

such fruit or farm produce, if found thereon, as above provided, shall be subjected to a penalty

of fifty dollars for each barrel, box or other *75 package of fruit or farm produce so sold, *76 offered, or exposed for sale.

No person shall sell, offer or expose for sale

in this state, any ginseng roots or seeds foreign

to the United States, or ginseng roots or seeds

raised from stock imported from any country 48i outside the United States, except in packages to *82 which shall be securely affixed a label, stating *83 in plain English language, the name of such is* foreign country in which the roots or seeds were

originally grown. 486

Repacked containers.

Sale of ginseng.

19150—05 19

^^^OETH CAEOI.rN'A.

4 N. C.

Reference. Date. Provisions. Subject.

Code 1883,

chap. 65,

p. 589.

Sec. 3837.

1866-67

Sec. 383S. 1866-67

1881

See. 3839. 1881

No trader or other person shall buy or sell, or otherwise use in trading, any other weights and

measures than are made and used according to

the standard prescribed by the congi'ess of the

United States : Provided^ that this chapter shall

not prevent the citizens of the state from buying and selling grain by measure as may be

agreed upon between the parties.

The board of commissioners of each county

shall, at the charge of their county, proclire

standard sealed weights of half hundred, quarter

hundred, ten pounds, five pounds, two pounds

and one pound, one -half pound, one -quarter

pound, two ounces, one ounce, one -half ounce,

gauging rod and waist sticks; yard stick, half

bushel, peck, half peck, quarter peck, and oneeighth peck; gallon, half gallon, quart, pint,

half pint, and gill measure, of the United States

standard, sealed and branded "N. C."

It shall be the duty of the keeper of weights

and measures under the direction of the governor, to procure and furnish, at prime cost, to

any of the counties, upon an order of the board

of county commissioners, any of the weights

and measures mentioned in the preceding section, and he is hereby authorized, by and with

the approval of the governor, to contract for

the manufacture of plain, sealed weights substantially made of iron, steel or brass, as the

county ordering may direct; yard stick made

of substantial wood, each end neatly covered

with metal, sealed, marked and stamped

"N. C"; half bushel, peck, half peck, quarter

10

12

13

11

15

16

17

19

20

21

22

23

24

26

29

30

31

33

Standards.

To be provided by board of county commissioners.

Keeper of.

291
292

N. 0. WEIGHTS AND MEASUEES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject. Provisions. Date. Reference.

Keeper of weights and

measures. 1881 Code, 1883,chap. 6.5, p. 590.

Sec. 3839.

Standard keeper. 1883 Sec. 3840.

3* peck, and one -eighth peck, made of substantial,

35 well seasoned wood, with secure metallic bind36 ing and casing; gallon, half gallon, quart, pint,

37 half pint, and gill measure, made of light sheet

38 copper with iron handles : Provided^ the keeper

39 of weights and measures shall procure and

*o furnish as herein provided to the board of

41 commissioners of any county ordering the same,

42 dry and liquid sealed measures and yard stick

43 made of brass or copper.

+4 ° The weights and measures, stamps and brands

45 thus provided, shall be kept at the court house

46 of the respective counties by a standard keeper,

47 to be elected by the board of commissioners for

48 thfe term of two years; and the person thus

49 elected shall, before the board of county com50 missioners, take the oaths required for public

51 officers and also an oath of office, and shall give

52 bond, with good and sufficient surety, payable

53 to the state of North Carolina, in the sum of

54 two hundred dollars, conditioned for the safe

55 keeping of weights and measures, stamps and

56 brands aforesaid, and for the faithful perform

57 ance of the duties of his office.

58 "Every person using weights and measures

59 and steelyards, embracing balances and other

60 instruments used in weighing, shall allow

61 and permit the standard -keeper of the county

62 to try, examine and adjust by the standard at

63 least once every [two ''\ years all the said weights,

64 measures, steelyards, embracing balances and

66 other instruments used in weighing ; and every

66 trader or dealer by profession, and every miller,

67 at least once in every two years thereafter, shall

68 allow and permit their weights, measures, steel

69 yards, balances and other instruments used in

70 weighing, to be examined and adjusted by the

71 standard keeper of the county in which such

«This section does not apply to Northampton, Warren, and Lincoln counties (Public Laws, 1901, p. 225; 1903, c. 209).

& As amended by act of February 9, 1893, Public Laws 1893, chapter 100, page 85. «"Four years" in Camden and Currituck counties.

Trying of freights and

measures. 1818

1823

1867

1903

Mar. 9

Sec. 3841. 6

Public La\T8, 1903, chap.

623.
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES. 293

y. c.

Date. Provisions. Subject.

1818

1823

186J

1893

Mar. 1

1889

Mar. 11 1891

Mar. 7

1797

weights and measures are used ; and the standard

keeper, when practicable, shall mark, Ipj stamp

or brand, the weights, measures, steelyards,

balances and other instruments used in weighing found or made to agree with the standard,

and shall give a certificate of such examination

and adjustment, stating the weights, measures,

steelyards, balances and other instruments used

in weighing by him examined and adjusted;

and every person using, buying or selling by

weights and measures, who shall neglect to

comply with the requisites of this section, shall

forfeit fifty dollars, to be recovered at the instance of the standard keeper; one -half to his use and the other half to the use of the county

wherein the offence is committed.

It shall be the duty of the standard -keeper

to visit every person using weights, measures,

steelyards or other instruments used in weighing or measuring at least once in every two

years. * * * gee. 3. That this act shall

apply only to Guilford county.

Sections three thousand eight hundred and

forty and three thousand eight hundred and

forty -one shall not apply to Halifax, Montgomery, Bladen and Moore counties, and the office

of standard -keeper for Halifax county is hereby

abolished

If any person shall buy, sell, or barter by any

weight or measure which shall not be tried by

the standard, and sealed or stamped as aforesaid,

he shall, for every such offence, forfeit and pay

forty dollars; and if any person shall sell and

deliver by less measure than the standard, he

shall forfeit and pay for each offence forty dollars to the person suing therefor.

The measure of an acre of land shall be equal

to a rectangle of sixteen poles or perches in

a Public Laws 1893, chapter 207, page 160.

6 As amended by chapter 416 of 1891.

72

73

74

76

76

77

78

79

80

81

82

83

84

86

86

87

88

89

90

91

92

93

94

95

96

97

98

99

lUO

101

102

103

104

105

106

107

108

109

Testing nelghts and

measures.

tiullford County

weights and measures.

Halifax, .Montgomery, Bladen, and Moore counties

weights and measures.

Penalty.

Acre.
294 WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

N. C.

Subject. Provisions. Date. Reference.

Land measure. 110 length and ten in breadth, and shall contain 33Edw. I. Stat. 6. Sec. 3843.

111 one hundred and sixty square perches or poles,

112 or four thousand eight hundred and forty square

113 yards ; six hundred and forty such acres being

114 contained in a square mile.

Standard keeper; ap- pointment of. 116 The governor is further authorized to appoint

116 a suitable person to take care of such balances,

117 weights and measures, and perform the duties

118 relating to weights and measures, now imposed

119 on the governor, and such other duties as the

120 governor may prescribe, touching said balances

121 and weights and measures; and he shall take

122 from such person a bond with surety, to be ap123 proved by the governor, in the penal sum of

124 five hundred dollars for the safe keeping of said

126 weights and measures, and for the performance

126 of all his duties. And in case the governor

127 fails to appoint, or the person appointed fails to

128 qualify or discharge said duties, the keeper of

129 the capitol shall be ex officio keeper of weights

130 and measures, and discharge the duties and

131 receive the compensation provided.

1867 1881

Code, 1883, chap. 66, p. 692.

Sec. 3844.

Compensation of standard keeper. 132 The state standard keeper shall be allowed

133 such compensation for his services as the gov134 ernor shall deem adequate, not exceeding one

135 hundred dollars a year, to be paid quarterly, on

136 the warrant of the auditor.

1881 1883

Sec. 3845.

Sec. 3846. Standard keeper to supply counties. 137 It shall be the duty of the standard keeper

138 to supply to each county, which shall call for

139 the same, such standard weights as the standard

1*0 keeper of such county shall demand, duly sealed,

141 such county paying to the state treasurer the

1*2 actual costs of such weights, upon the certificate

1*3 of the state standard keeper.

1867

Sec. 3847.

Standard keeper to keep record. 1** It shall be the duty of the state standard

1*5 keeper to keep a book, in which he shall keep

1*6 an accurate account of all the weights and

1*7 measures by him delivered, and the expenses

1*8 incurred by him in the purchase of such weights
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES. 295

N. C.

Date. Provisions. Subject.

1881

1885

Jan. 31

1883

Mar. 12

and measures, subject to the inspection of the

state treasurer and the general assembly.

In every instance where the standard keeper

shall have before him for adjustment, or shall

find in the possession of any person, intending

to use the same, any weight or measure that

cannot be adjusted so as to meet the requirements of the law, it shall be the duty of the

standard keeper to destroy the same.

Thirty pounds of cotton seed by the standard

weight shall constitute one bushel: Provided^

this section shall not prevent the citizens of this

state from buying and selling cotton seed by

measure as may be agreed upon between the

parties.

The bushel of wheat shall be sixty pounds;

of Indian corn, fifty-six pounds; of corn meal,

forty -eight pounds; of bolted corn meal, fortysix pounds; of rye, fifty -six pounds; of barley,

forty -eight pounds ; of oats, thirty -two pounds

of flax seed, fifty-five pounds; of clover seed,

sixty pounds; of peas, sixty pounds; of rough

rice, forty-four pounds; of buckwheat, fifty

pounds ; of peanuts, twenty -two pounds ; and if any person shall take any greater weight for

one bushel of the several articles that is herein

mentioned, he shall forfeit and pay the sum of

twenty dollars for each separate case to any

person who may sue for the same.

The standard weight of a barrel of pork shall

be two hundred pounds of pork. Any person

offering for sale pork put up in barrels containing a less quantity of meat than two hundred

pounds, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor, and

upon conviction before a justice of the peace,

shall be find not less than five nor more than

ten dollars for each and every offence, and shall

also be liable in a civil action for a difference in

weicrht.

Destruction of bal- ances.

Bushel of cotton seed.

Weight of bushel of grain, etc.

Barrel of pork.
296

s. c.

WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject. Provisions. Date. Reference.

standard keepers.

Sarveyors' chains to he tried by stand- ard keeper. Measure of surveyors'

chain.

Misdemeanor.

188

189

190

191

192

193

194

195

196

197

198

199

200

201

202

203

204

205

206

207

208

209

210

211

212

213

214

215

21G

217

218

219

220

221

232

228

224

Standard keepers shall be entitled to re- ceive the following fees, and no other, namely:

for examining and adjusting a pair of steelyards,

twenty -five cents ; every weight of half a pound

and upwards, five cents ; every set of weights

below half a pound, including one piece of each

denomination, five cents; for a yard stick, or other measure of cloth, five cents ; every bushel,

half bushel, peck or other measure used in

measuring grain, meal or salt, ten cents; each

measure for liquor or wines, three cents, and for

extra work on bushel and half -bushel measures

a sum not exceeding twenty -five cents in any

one case. That the standard measure for a surveyor's

chain shall be twenty -two standard yards, a standard half or two -pole chain shall be eleven

standard yards, a standard quarter or one -pole

chain shall be five and one -half standard yards;

but every person using a surveyor's chain, half

chain or quarter chain for measuring land shall,

before using the same, and every two years

thereafter, bring the same to the standard

keeper of his county to be by him measured

and sealed.

That any person who shall use any chain for

measuring land without having the same first

measured and sealed by the standard -keeper, or who shall use the same for a longer period than

two years without bringing it to the standard

keeper and having the same measured and sealed

by him, shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and upon conviction thereof shall be

fined not exceeding ten dollars, to be recovered

in an action before the justice of the peace.

That this act shall be in force from and after

its ratification.

1870-71. North Carolina Code,

1883, chap.

57, p. 561.

Sec. 3763.

1889

Mar. 11 Laws of N. C, Session 1889,chap. 409, p.

401.

Sec. 1.

Sec. 2.

Sec. 3.
^^ORTH DAKOTA.

N. DAK.

Reference. Date. Provisions. Subject.

Session

Laws,l!»03.

Sec. 1722.

Approved

Mar. 4. 1903.

Revised

Codes, 1895,

vol. I, p

420, art. 20. Sec. 1723.

Sec. 1724.

1895

A bushel of each of the articles enumerated in

this section shall consist of the number of pounds

avoirdupois respectively affixed to each

Pounds. Barley _ 48

Beans 60

Bran , 20

Buckwheat 42

Beets 60

Broom corn seed 30

Corn, shelled 56

Corn, in the ear YO

Clover seed 60

Coal, stone 80

Flax seed 66

Lime 80

Oats 32

Onions 52

Potatoes, Irish 60

Potatoes, sweet - . 46

Peas 60

Rye 56

Salt 80

Turnips . 60

Timothy seed. 45

Wheat 60

Speltz 40

Millet 50

Apples . . 60

Bromus Inermus 14

Approved March 8, 1901.

A ton of hay shall consist of two thousand

pounds ; or by measurement, three hundred and

forty -three cubic feet after the same shall have

been stacked thirty days, or such time as may be

agreed upon between the parties.

A perch of mason work or stone shall consist

of twenty -five feet, cubic measure.

8

910

1112

131+

15

l(i

17

18

19ao

2122

232425

20

2728

29

30

31

32

34

35

37

Weight of bushel.

Ton of hay.

Perch of stone.

297
298

K. DAK. WEIGHTS AND MEAStJKES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Provisions. Date.

Kept by State treas- urer.

County comnilssloncrs may purchase

duplicates.

38

39

40

41

42

43

44

4o

46

47

48

49

50

61

52

53

54

55

56

67

58

59

60

61

62

63

64

65

66

67

68

69

70

71

72

73

74

75

76

The state treasurer shall procure and keep in

his office the following standards of weights and

measares, which shall conform in every particular to the United States standards of weights

and measures : One bushel, one half bushel, one

peck, one half peck, one quart, one wine half

gallon, one wine quart, one wine pint, one wine

gill ; such measures shall be made of copper or other suitable and substantial material ; also one

surveyor's chain thirty -three standard feet in

length, one yard measure, one foot measure and

one inch measure ; also one one hundred pound

weight, one fifty pound weight, one twenty-five

pound weight, one ten pound weight, one one

pound weight, one half pound weight, one quarter pound weight, one eighth of a pound, one

one sixteenth of a pound or one ounce weight,

one set of apothecaries weights from one pound

to one grain, one set of troy weights from one

pound to one grain ; besides such other scales,

beams and balances as shall be necessary to test

other weights by these standards ; which meas - ures, weights, scales, beams and balances are hereby declared to be the legal standards of

weights and measures for this state. Such

treasurer shall be charged with the custody and

be accountable to the state for the proper use and

care of the same. Such standards shall be used

only for testing the standards provided for in

the next section, and such treasurer shall keep

a record of all county weights, measures, beams,

and balances, marked and tested by him.

The board of county commissioners of each

county is authorized to purchase such duplicates of the above enumerated weights and meas - ures as it deems necessary for the use of its

county in carrying out the following provisions

of this article, which duplicates shall be paid for

by the county and be delivered to the sheriff,

1895
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES. 299

N. DAK.

Date. Provisions. Subject.

who shall be the sealer of weights and measures 77 for the connty, and may appoint such deputies

as he may deem necessary in the different parts

of the county, who shall possess the same powers

and shall perform the same duties under this

ajrticle as the sheriff, and may furnish such

deputies with such duplicates as the board of

county commissioners may provide for their

separate use, or may allow them to use, those

provided for himself.

Every such sealer and deputy sealer of weights

and measures shall give a bond to the county not

less than double the cost of the duplicates furnished him, conditioned that he will safely keep

and care for the same, and will turn them over

to his successor in good condition, and upon

such bond shall take and subscribe the oath

required of other county officers.

The sheriff as ex officio sealer of weights and

measures shall in the month of July in each

year test by his duplicates all scales, weights

and measm^es, found by him in his county, used

as provided in the next section, and shall give

to the person in charge of the same a certificate

of the correctness thereof if found to be correct,

and if found to be incorrect he shall cause the

same to be made correct if it can be done, and

if not he shall mark the same "condemned." lo* He shall keep a record of all such certificates los issued by him and of all his transactions under loe this article. For testing any measure, weight 107 or scale as provided in this section, he may col- los lect from the owner or person in charge the sum 109 of fifty cents ; provided, that when any scale is "o

tested, the certificate shall cover the weights m

used with the scale, and the sealer shall not be

allowed to charge more than fifty cents for

testing each scale and its several weights.

78

79

80

81

82

84

So

86

87

88

90

91

92

93

94

95

96

97

99

100

101

102

103

112

113

114

Sealer.

Bond and oath.

Sheriff to test vrelghts and measures.

Fee.
300 WEIGHTS AI^D MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

> . DAK.

Subject. Provisions. Date. Reference.

Ke^ulations. 115 The board of county commissioners of each

county shall prescribe by resolution, what kinds

1" and quantities of goods, wares, merchandise,

"8 grain, livestock and produce may be sold or exchanged with or without the use of the stand - ard weights and measures and tested scales, and

i-'i may change such resolution at any regular

1-2 meeting which resolution shall be entered in the

123 minutes of its meeting and published as part of

I"-* its proceedings ; and it shall be unlawful for any

125 person, firm or corporation by themselves or

126 representatives to use any scale, weight or

127 measure for computing the quantity of any

128 goods, wares, merchandise, grain, live stock or

129 produce to be bought or sold by him or them in

ISO any greater quantity than that allowed by the

131 board of county commissioners, without having

132 the same conform to the standard provided for

133 in this article, and having the same tested as

134 herein provided.

1895 K e T i s e d

Codes, 1895.

TOl. I, art. 20, p. 421.

Sec. 1729.

Duty of sealer. 135 Any person believing any dealer is violating

136 the provisions of this article or any resolution

13J of the board of county commissioners made by

138 authority hereof, may make complaint in writ139 ing to any sealer or deputy sealer and deposit

1*0 with him five dollars, setting forth the particu1*1 lar facts relating to such violation and that he

1*2 has reason to believe that the same are true.

1*3 Upon such complaint such sealer or his deputy

1** shall forthwith test the scale, weights or meas1*5 ures respecting the matters complained of by

1*6 his duplicates, and if found to conform thereto

1*7 he may convert the five dollars so deposited to

1*8 his own use as his fees for such services. If he

1*9 finds that anv of the matters comnlained of are

150 true he shall return the five dollars to the com151 plainant, and it shall be his duty forthwith to

152 arrest the person in charge of such scale and

153 take him before a justice of the peace in the

Sec. 1730.

I
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES. 301

N. DAK.

Date. Provisions. Subject.

1S95 county for trial, and upon conviction, such person, whether the owner or not, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor and punished accordingly. In

all such cases the sealer or deputy sealer making

the test shall make and swear to the complaint

and shall be entitled to the same fees as allowed

officers making arrest upon a warrant, besides

the sum of one dollar for making the test. Any

sealer may upon his own view of violation of

the provisions of this article, or any such resolution made by the board of county commissioners of his county, by authority hereof, arrest

and bring to trial such offender in the manner

above provided.

It shall be the duty of each person, firm or corporation who desires to use any scale, weight

or measure for computing the quantity of any

goods, wares, merchandise, produce, grain, or

live stock to be bought or sold by him or them

in greater quantities than those provided in the

resolution of the board of county commissioners

of his county, to send by mail a notice, to any

sealer to test such scale, weights or measures,

and it shall be the duty of any sealer receiving

such notice to test such scale, weights or measures, within ten days, and during the time before the same are tested, they may be used for

such purpose, and the person using them shall

be liable only for damages in a civil action.

The last five sections shall take effect and be

in force in each county in this state only upon

a resolution to that effect being adopted by the

board of county commissioners thereof.

The board of county commissioners of any

county is authorized in its discretion, when

petitioned by fifteen or more residents and

actual farmers of the county, to establish and

locate public scales at suitable railway stations

in its county.

Action against owner

of defectlre welahts and measures.

Duty of dealer to have

weights, measures,

or scales tested.

When acttakes effect.

Public scales.
302

N. DAK. WEIGHTS AND MEASUEES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject- Provisions. Date. Reference.

Care and capacity of

scales.

Appointment of weigh'

masters.

Welghmasters to keep

record.

Compensation.

False freights and

measures.

Penalty.

Retaining same

I'JS

194

195

196

197

198

199

200

201

202

20.3

204

205

206

207

208

209

210

211

212

213

214

215

216

217

218

219

220

221

222

223

224

225

226

227

228

229

230

231

Such scales shall be purchased by the county,

and shall be under cover, and of not less than

five tons' weighing capacity, and shall be the

property of the county, and at all times under

its control and subject to removal when the

county commissioners shall so require.

The board shall also appoint at each place

where it establishes such scales, a public weigh

master, who shall have the custody and care of

such property, and who shall give a bond in the

sum of five hundred dollars, conditioned for the

safe keeping of the same and for the faithful

and impartial discharge of his duties.

Each public weighmaster shall keep a stub

record of all weighing, which record and the

receipt of such weighmaster shall show for

whom property was weighed, and shall, with

such receipt, constitute prima facie evidence of

the facts therein contained.

Such public weighmasters shall receive such

compensation and shall be governed by such

rules and regulations as may be adopted by the

board of county commissioners, and may be

removed at any time by such board for cause.

If any person with intent to defraud, uses a

false balance, weight or measure, in the weighing or measuring of anything whatever that is

purchased, sold, bartered, shipped or delivered,

for sale or barter, or that is pledged or given in

payment, he shall be punished by fine not ex- ceeding one hundred dollars nor less than five

dollars, or by imprisonment in a county jail not

more than thirty days, or by both such fine and

imprisonment, and shall be liable to the injured

party in double the amount of damages.

Every person who retains in his possession

any weight or measure, knowing it to be false,

unless it appears beyond a reasonable doubt that

it was so retained without intent to use it, or

Revised

Codes,1896,

TOl. I, art. 20, p. 421.

Sec. 1734.

Sec. 1736.

Sec. 1736.

Sec. 1737.

Revised

Codes(Penal

Code), chap.

55, vol. II, p. 1319 ff. Sec. 7600.

Sec. 7501.
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES. 303

S. DAK.

Reference. Date. Provisions. Subject.

Revised

Codes, TOl.

11 (Penal

Code), chap,

55,p.l319fr,

Sec, ;o02,

Sec. 7503.

Sec. 7504.

Sec. 7.505,

1895 permit it to be used in violation of the last sec- 232 tion, shall be punished as therein provided, 233 Every person who is authorized or enjoined 234 by law to arrest another person for a violation 235 of sections 7500 and 7501, is equally authorized 236 and enjoined to seize any false weights or meas- 237 ures found in the possession of the person so 238 arrested, and to deliver the same to the magis'- 239 trate before whom the person so arrested is 2*0 required to be taken. 2*1 The magistrate to whom any weight or meas - 242 ures is delivered pursuant to the last section, 243 shall upon the examination of the accused, or if 244 the examination is delayed or prevented, with- 245 out awaiting such examination, cause the same 246 to be tested by comparison with standards con - 247 formable to law; and if he finds it to be false, 248 he shall cause it to be destroyed, or to be deliv- 249 ered to the state's attorney of the county in 250 which the accused is liable to prosecution or 251 trial, as the interests of justice in his judgmen^ 252 may require, 253 Upon the conviction of the accused, such 254 state's attorney shall cause any weight or meas- 235 ure In respect whereof the accused stands con- 256 victed, and which remains in the possession or 257 under the control of such state's attorney, to be 258 destroyed. 2.59 Every person who knowingly marks or stamps 260

or package, or knowingly sells or offers for sale 262 any cask or package so marked, is guilty of a 263 misdemeanor, 264

OfBcer may seize same.

May be tested and de- stroyed.

Duty of State's attor- ney.

StampIngfalseirelGrht

or tare.
«
OHIO.

OHIO.

Date. Provisions. Subject.

1903 The standard weights and measures furnished

the state of Ohio by the secretary of the treasury of the United States, under a resolution of

congress, approved June fourteenth, one thousand eight hundred and thirty -six, shall be the

legal standard of weights and measures throughout the state ; but nothing in this chapter con - tained shall be construed to prevent the use of

the weights and measures of the metric system,

authorized by congress of the United States as the same appears in section thirty -five hundred

and sixty- nine and thirty -five hundred and

seventy of the revised statutes of the United

States.

All contracts hereafter made within this state

for work to be done, or for anything to be sold

by weight or measure, shall be taken and construed according to the standards hereby adopted

as the standards of this state.

The unit of standard measure of length and

surface, from which all other measures of extension, whether they be lineal, superficial, or

solid, shall be derived and ascertained, is the

standard yard, now in possession of the secre- tary of state, and furnished by the government

of the United States. The yard shall be divided

into three equal parts, called feet, and each foot

into twelve equal parts, called inches. For the

measure of cloths and other commodities commonly sold by the yard, it may be divided into

halves, quarters, eighths, and sixteenths.

The rod, pole, or perch shall contain five and

a half such yards; the mile, one thousand seven

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

10

17

18

19

20

21

22'

23

24

25

2G

27

28

29

30

31

32

33

Standard freights and

measores.

Metric system may be used.

Construction of contracts.

Yard.

SubdlTlslon.

19150—05- -23

Rod, mile.

305
306

OHIO. WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject. Provisions. Date.

Chain.

Link.

Acre.

Perch of mason work.

Cord.

Standard weights.

Pound.

Ton.

Gallon.

Barrel.

54

35

36

37

38

39

40

41

42

43

44

45

46

47

48

49

50

51

52

53

54

55

56

57

68

59

60

61

62

63

64

65

66

67

68

69

70

71

72

hundred and sixty such yards; the chain for

measuring land shall be twenty -two yards long,

and shall be divided into one hundred equal

parts called links.

The acre for land measure shall be measured

horizontally, and contain ten square chains, and

shall be equivalent in area to a rectangle sixteen

rods in length and ten in breadth ; six hundred

and forty such acres being contained in a square

mile.

The perch of mason work or stone shall consist of twenty -five cubic feet.

The standard measure of a cord of fire wood

or tan -bark, shall be one hundred and twenty

eight cubic feet, well stowed and packed.

The units or standards of weight from which

all other weights shall be derived and ascer- tained shall be the standard avoirdupois and

troy weight furnished this state by the United

States government.

The avoirdupois pound, which bears to the

troy pound the ratio of seven thousand to five

thousand seven hundred and sixty, shall be

divided into sixteen equal parts called ounces;

the hundred weight except of pig iron or iron ore shall consist of one hundred avoirdupois

pounds, and twenty hundred weight shall constitute a ton ; and the troy ounce shall be equal

to the twelfth part of a troy pound.

The unit or standard measure of capacity for

liquids from which all other measure of liquids

shall be derived and ascertained, shall be the

standard gallon, and its parts, furnished this

state by the government of the United States.

The barrel shall be equal to thirty -one and

one -half gallons and two barrels shall constitute a hogshead ; and barrels for the purpose of

containing apples, potatoes, onions or any other

kind of fruit, produce or vegetables, shall be

1903
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES. 307

OHIO.

Date. Provisions. Subject.

1903 made of staves of seasoned timber, twenty -eight

and one -half inches in length with cut heads of

seventeen and one -eighth inches in diameter and

shall measure at the bulge not less than sixty

six inches in circumference, outside measure.

Such barrels shall be known as

' ' the standard

barrel," and on the outside of one or more of

the staves of each and every such barrel there

shall be stamped or branded the words, "state

of Ohio, standard," and the name of the cooper

or manufacturer of such barrel, and the name of

the city or town the nearest to which the cooper

shop or place of business of such manufacturer

is located.

The unit or standard measure of capacity for

substances not being liquids, from which all

other measures of such substances shall be

derived and ascertained, shall be the standard

half -bushel furnished this state by the government of the United States, the interior diameter

of which is thirteen inches and thirty -nine

fortieths of an inch, and the depth is seven

inches and one -twenty -fourth of an inch.

It shall be unlawful for any person, commission merchant, miller, dealer, grain -inspector,

corporation, company, firm, or association, either

by himself, itself, officer, agent, or employe,

when purchasing or receiving in barter or ex- change for flour or otherwise, from the original

producer, his agent or employe, to use for the

purpose of testing or determining the weight,

grade, milling or market value of wheat, any

measure other than the standard half -bushel

furnished this state by the United States ; and

the use of any fractional part of said standard

half -bushel measure for such purpose will be a

violation of this section.

Any person, commission -merchant, miller,

dealer, grain -inspector, corporation, company,

73

74

75

76

77

78

79

80

81

82

83

84

87

90

91

9-2

93

94

95

96

97

98

99

100

101

102

103

104

10.5

106

107

108

109

110

111

Barrel.

Branding.

Half bushel.

When halt bushel must be usei\.

Penalty.
308

OHIO. WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject.

Penalty.

Duty of the prose- cuting attorney;

fee.

Subdivision of the

half bushel.

Heaped measure.

Measure for dry commodities.

Measure for

fruits. small

Weight of bushel.

Provisions. Date.

112

113

114

115

116

117

118

119

120

121

122

123

124

125

126

127

128

129

130

131

132

133

134

135

136

137

138

139

140

141

142

143

144

145

146

147

148

149

150

firm or association, or any person acting as

officer, agent or employe, found guilty of a violation of section 1 of this act, (4439-1) shall be

fined not less than twenty -five dollars nor more

than one hundred dollars or imprisoned in the

county jail not more than thirty days, or both

at the discretion of the court. Fines collected

for violation of this act shall be paid into the

county treasury to the credit of the county fund.

It shall be the duty of the prosecuting attorneys to see that this act is enforced in their

respective counties ; and for each conviction of

violation thereof they shall be entitled to a fee

of twenty dollars, to be paid out of the county

funds upon the allowance of the commissioners

of the county.

The peck, half -peck, quarter -peck, quart, and

pint measure for measuring commodities which

are not liquids, shall be derived from the halfbushel by dividing that and each successive

measure by two.

Articles usually sold by heaped measure shall

be heaped up in a conical form as high as the

articles to be measured will admit.

Measures for measuring dry commodities not

usually heaped shall be struck with a straight

stick, with the edges rounded; and all commodities not liquids, when sold by the gallon or

less shall be sold by dry measure.

The measure used in the selling of or vending

berries and all other small fruit shall be the

standard dry measure bushel and fractions

thereof, and any person vending or selling such

fruits and using a measure other than the

standard dry measure, shall be fined not less

than ten or more than fifty dollars.

A bushel of the respective articles hereinafter

mentioned shall mean the amount of weight,

avoirdupois, in this section specified, viz

:

1903
WEIGHTS AND MEASUEES OF THE UNITED STATES. 809

OHIO.

Date. Provisions. Subject.

1903 Of wheat, sixty pounds

Of rye, fifty-six pounds;

Of oats, thirty -two pounds;

Of clover seed, sixty pounds;

Of timothy seed, forty -five pounds;

Of hemp seed, forty -four pounds;

Of millet seed, fifty pounds;

Of buckwheat, fifty pounds

Of beans, sixty pounds

Of peas, sixty pounds;

Of hominy, sixty pounds;

Of Irish potatoes, sixty pounds;

Of sweet potatoes, fifty pounds,-

Of onions, fifty-five pounds;

Of dried peaches, thirty-three pounds;

Of dried apples, twenty -four pounds;

Of flax seed, fifty -six pounds;

Of barley, forty-eight pounds;

Of malt, thirty -four pounds;

Of Hungarian grass seed, fifty pounds;

Of lime, seventy pounds;

Of coke, forty pounds;

Of bituminous coal, eighty pounds

Of cannel coal, seventy pounds;

Of corn, shelled, fifty -six pounds;

Of corn in the ear, sixty -eight pounds;

Of pop -corn in the ear, forty -two pounds;

Of tomatoes, fifty -six pounds;

Of apples, fifty pounds

Of peaches, forty -eight pounds;

Of turnips, sixty pounds

Of carrots, fifty pounds

Of beets, fifty -six pounds;

The standard bushel of stone coal, coke, or unslaked lime, shall contain twenty -six hundred

and eighty -eight cubic inches; and the lawful

measure for measuring such articles shall contain two bushels, and be of the following interior dimensions: twenty -four inches diameter

161

162

163

154

155

156

157

158

159

160

161

162

163

164

165

166

167

168

169

170

171

172

173

174

176

176

177

178

179

180

181

182

183

184

185

186

187

188

189

Weight of bnshel.

Bushel of stone coal and lime.
310

OHIO. WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject. Provisions. Date.

Bushel of charcoal.

How coal may he s;>h\.

Selling coal in viola- tion of provisions.

Weight of gallon of linseed, flaxseed, or

lard oil.

Duty of city or village scaler of weights and measures.

Comparison and seal- ing weights and

measures.

100

192

193

194

195

196

197

198

199

200

201

202

203

201

205

206

207

208

209

210

211

212

213

214

216

216

217

218

219

220

221

222

223

224

225

226

227

228

at the top, twenty inches at the bottom, and

fourteen and one -tenth inches deep.

The standard of measurement for a bushel of

charcoal shall be twenty-seven hundred and

forty -eight cubic inches.

Where facilities can be had, all sales of coal

shall be by weight; and two thousand pounds

avoirdupois shall constitute a ton thereof; but

where coal cannot be weighed it may be sold

by measurement.

Whoever sells stone coal in violations of the

provisions of this chapter shall be liable to the

person to whom the coal is sold and delivered

in treble damages, to be collected in a civil

action before any court of competent jurisdiction ; if the defendant in such action does not

reside in the county where the mine is located,

service may be had upon him by copy of the

summons left at his place of business ; and any

judgment recovered in such case shall be a lien

upon all property of the defendant in the county

from the day of service ; but this section shall

not apply to any person or corporation mining

or selling less than fifteen thousand bushels of

coal annually.

Whenever linseed, flaxseed, or lard oil is sold

by the barrel, and no special agreement as to

the measurement is made by the parties, the

standard for linseed or flaxseed oil shall be

seven and one -half pounds to the gallon; and

lard oil, seven and two -fifths pounds to the

gallon.

The city or village sealer shall, at least once

in three years, compare the copies of standards

in his possession with those in the office of the

county sealer.

The city or village sealer shall compare all

weights and measures which are brought to

him for that purpose, with the copies in his

1903
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES. 311

OHIO.

Date. Provisions. Subject.

possession, and when such weights and measures are made exactly to agree with said copies,

he shall seal and mark such weights and

measures.

The professor of physics of the Ohio state

university shall be ex -officio state sealer, and

the standards of weights and measures adopted

by the state shall be deposited in a suitable

room at the Ohio state university, and the same

shall be by him kept in suitable cases, which

shall be opened only for the purpose of com - paring with such standards the copies which by

law are to be furnished for the use of the several counties, unless by a joint resolution, of the

general assembly, or upon a call of either house

for information, or by order of the governor for

scientific purposes.

That the duties heretofore required of the

secretary of state under section 142, 147, 3555

and 3561 of the Revised Statutes are hereby

transferred to the professor of physics of the

Ohio state university, and the secretary of state

is hereby required and directed to turn over to

the professor of physics aforesaid, the weights

and measures, meter -provers, apparatus and

appliances heretofore used by him as said sealer

of weights and measures. Copies of the original standard shall be procured by the state sealer, of the following

materials, for the use of each county in this

state, not already furnished, in pursuance of

law, and be delivered by him to the auditor of

such county: One -half bushel measure, of oneeighth inch copper, with brass rim ; one gallon

measure, of one -sixteenth inch copper, with

brass rim and handle; one half gallon, one

quart, one pint, and one half pint measures, to

be made in the same manner and of the same

material; fifty, twenty-five, twenty, ten, five.

229

230

231

232

233

234

235

236

237

238

239

240

241

242

243

244

245

246

247

248

249

250

251

252

253

254

255

256

257

258

259

260

261

262

263

264

265

266

267

Sealing.

State sealer.

Same.

Copies of standards

for use of counties.
312

OHIO. WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject. Provisions. Date.

Weights.

Yard.

Device on county

standards.

Copies to be furnished

to cities and vllState sealer's expenses.

Custody of apparatus

for Inspecting pas and meters.

268

269

270

271

272

273

274

275

.276

277

278

279

280

281

282

283

281

285

286

287

288

289

290

291

292

293

294

295

296

297

298

299

300

301

302

303

304

305

306

four, three, two, and one pound weights, avoirdupois, to be made of cast iron, turned, polished

and trimmed; and one half pound, one quarter

pound, two ounce, one ounce, half ounce, and

quarter ounce weights, troy, to be made of brass

;

one brass yard measure, graduated into feet,

inches, and tenths.

The state sealer shall cause to be impressed

on each of the copies, so to be delivered to the

counties, the letter O, and such other device for

each county as he may direct, before the deposit thereof in the county auditor's office;

which device shall be recorded in the office of

the state sealer, and a copy thereof shall be

furnished to the auditor of the proper county.

The state sealer shall furnish like copies of

the original standards to the sealer of any city or village upon application therefor, and payment of the cost thereof, by such city or village.

The state sealer shall from time to time,

render an account to the auditor of state of all

moneys by him paid or liabilities incurred in

procuring and delivering copies of the standards

to the counties, as aforesaid; and the auditor

shall audit the same and draw his warrants on

the state treasurer for the amounts he finds

due, which shall be paid by the treasurer out

of any moneys to the credit of the general rev- enue fund.

The state sealer of weights and measures shall

have charge of all the apparatus and property,

belonging to the state, intended for the inspection of illuminating gas and gas meters, and the

testing of the registration of meter -provers; he

shall test the registration of all meter -provers

that may be presented to him for that purpose,

and shall stamp and seal all such meter -provers,

so tested, that are found correct ; for testing the

registration of gas meter -provers, to be paid by

1903
WEIGHTS AND MEA8UEES OF THE UNITED STATES. 313

OHIO.

Date. Provisions. Subject.

1903 the person requiring such service, he shall be

allowed the sum of five dollars for each meter

prover tested.

The county auditor is constituted county sealer

of weights and measures in his county,' and he

shall be responsible for the preservation of the

copies of the original standards delivered to his

office.

The county sealer shall compare all weights

and measures, which are brought to him for that

purpose, with the above-mentioned copies of

such standards in his possession ; and when they

are made to compare to the legal standards, the

officer comparing the same shall seal and mark

such weights and measures.

When a county sealer resigns, is removed from

office, or removes from the county, he shall deliver to his successor in office all the standards,

beams, weights and measures, in his possession;

and in case of the death of such sealer of weights

and measures, his representatives, shall, in like

manner, deliver to his successor in office such

beams, weights and measures.

In case of a neglect or refusal to deliver such

standards entire and complete, the successor in

.office may maintain a civil action against the

person so refusing or neglecting, and recover double the value of such standards as have not

been delivered, with costs of suit, which shall

be by him appropriated to the purchase of such

standards as are required in his office.

No surveyor shall give evidence in any cause pending in any of the courts of this state, or before arbitrators, respecting the survey or admeasurement of any lands, unless such surveyor

make oath, if required, that the chain or measure

used by him was conformable to the standards

of this state.

307

308

309

310

311

312

313

314

316

316

317

318

319

320

321

322

323

324

32a

320

327

328

329

330

331

332

333

334

335

336

337

338

339

340

341

342

343

344

Fee.

County sealer.

Duties of county

sealer.

County sealer shall deliver copies to

successors.

Penalty.

SnrTeyors' chains

and testimony.
314

OHIO. WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject. Provisions. Date.

Penalty for nslng

false Tveights and

measures.

When not to be enforced.

Deputy scaler of weights and measures.

In Toledo.

.345

346

347

348

349

350

351

353

353

354

355

356

357

358

359

360

361

362

363

364

365

366

367

368

369

370

371

372

373

374

375

376

377

378

379

380

381

382

If any person hereafter uses any weights,

measures, or beams, in weighing or measuring

which do not conform to the standards of the

state, or any other measures estabhshed by law,

whereby any dealer in, purchaser, or seller of,

any commodity or article of traffic is injured or defrauded, such dealer, purchaser, or seller,

may maintain a civil action against the offender,

and if judgment is rendered for the plaintiff,

he shall receive double damages and costs of

suit.

The provisions of the two preceding sections

shall not be enforced in any county, unless such

county has been furnished with copies of the

standards of this state, at least six months previous to the measuring or surveying mentioned

as aforesaid.

Every county sealer of weights and measures

may appoint by writing under his hand and seal a deputy, who shall compare weights and measures brought to the office of the county sealer

for that purpose, with the copies of the original

standards in the possession of the county sealer,

and who shall receive for the performance of

that duty, the compensation in each case provided by law

;

Provided, however, that in cities of the third

grade of the first class there shall be appointed

by the mayor, and confirmed by the common

council one sealer of weights and measures, a competent person for the position, who shall

receive a salary of fifteen hundred (1500) dollars per annum, to be paid by the city, and which

shall be in lieu of all fees or charges otherwise

allowed by law. Such sealer shall hold his

office for a term of two years and until his successor is appointed and qualified, and he shall

be authorized to appoint a competent deputy, at

his own expense to assist him in the performance

1903
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES. 315

OHIO.

Date. Provisions. Subject.

1903 of his duties. Before entering on his duties,

such sealer shall take the oath of office required

by law, and give a bond to the city, conditioned

for the faithful performance of his duties, with

security, to the approval of the common council, in the sum of one thousand five hundred

dollars.

State sealer of weights and measures, as provided in section 145, Revised Statutes of Ohio,

shall furnish, for the use of such sealer, all

necessary and approved standard measures, and

also all standard weights required, under fifty

pounds, with necessary subdivisions.

Such sealer shall furnish, at his own expense,

not less than two thousand pounds of standard

weights to be used in testing wagon and other

large scales, and shall use not less than one

thousand pounds in testing wagon scales, and

not less than two thousand pounds in testing

railroad track scales.

It shall be the duty of the sealer to faithfully

devote his time to the performance of the duties

of his office, and to test all weights, measures,

scales, beams, steelyards, and other machinery

used for weighing or measuring, within such

city, at least once in every year; and, upon

being notified, in writing, by any person that

any weight, measure, scale, beam, steelyards, or other machinery for weighing or measuring any

article intended to be purchased or sold in such

city, is inaccurate, or believed to be so, or not

according to the standard, to at once make an

examination of the same

And in the exercise of such duties he shall

have full police power to enforce any and all

reasonable measures for testing such weights

and measures, and also in ascertaining whether

false or short weights and measures are being

384

385

386

387

388

389

390

391

392

393

394

395

396

397

398

399

400

401

402

403

404

405

406

407

408

409

410

411

412

413

414

415

416

417

418

419

420

421

Oath.

Copies of standards

Sealer to furnish

standard ireights.

Duty of sealer.

Sealer has police powers.
316 WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

OHIO.

Subject. Provisions. Date. Reference.

Approval of weights

or measures.

UnlaiTfal weights and

measures.

False or short weight

or measure.

Altering weight,

measure, etc.

Testing and marking.

422 given in any sales or transfer of articles of mer-

*-'3 chandise taking place within such. city.

*2* And after he shall have found such weights

*2o and measures to be correct and according to the

4-'6 standard prescribed by law, he shall seal or

*27 mark the same with a stamp, or by pasting a

*28 card, thereon, as he may deem most proper,

*29 with the letters "C. S.," the initials for "City

Sealer," which said cards and seals shall be

431 provided by the city.

If such sealer shall find upon examination of

any weights or measures used by any person,

434 that the same do not conform to the standard

435 prescribed by law, he shall have authority to

436 confiscate such weights or measures and destroy

437 the same. No person shall use weights, meas438 ures, scales, beams, steelyards or other ma439 chinery for weighing or measuring any article

440 intended to be purchased or sold in such city,

441 or any weight or measurement in which other

442 persons or the public are interested, which do

443 not conform to the standards prescribed by law.

444 No person shall give or direct or permit any

446 person in his employ to give any false or short

446 weight or measure in the sale or transfer of any

447 property in such city, whereby any person may

448 be defrauded or injured.

449 No person shall alter or permit to be altered,

450 or knowingly use or permit to be used, after the

461 same shall have been altered, any weight, meas462 lire, scale, beam, steelyard, or other instru453 naent for weighing or measuring, after the same

464 shall have been tested, marked and sealed,

465 which, by reason of such alteration, shall not

oumui 111 Lu LiitJ icgdi &iidiiiu.aiu..

457 It shall be the duty of every person or per458 sons when called upon , to exhibit to such sealer

459 all weights, measures, scales, beams, steelyards,

460 or other machinery by them used or intended

1903 Bates' Annotated Statutes, YOl. I, title VIll, chap. 4, p. 542-3.

Sec. 1061.
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES. 317

OHIO.

Date. Provisions. Subject.

1903 to be used for weighing or measuring any arti- *6i cle or commodity, bought or sold, and permit *62 said sealer to examine, test, and mark the same.

Any person violating any of the provisions of *64 this act, or any section thereof, shall, upon con- 466 viction thereof in any court having jurisdiction lee thereof, be fined not less than five dollars nor 467 more than twenty -five dollars for the first 468 offense, or imprisoned not more than thirty 469 days, or both; and, upon conviction for any 470 subsequent offense, shall be fined not less than 471 $25.00 nor more than $100.00, or imprisoned 472 not more than sixty days, or both, and shall 473 stand committed until such fines or costs are 474 paid. 475 Each sealer is allowed to receive for his 476 services, the following rates: For sealing and 477 marking every beam, ten cents ; for sealing and 478 marking measures of extension, at the rate of 479 ten cents per yard, not exceeding twenty -five 48o cents for any one measure; for sealing and 48i marking every weight, five cents; for sealing 482 and marking liquid and dry measures, if the 488 same be of one gallon or more, ten cents, and if 48* less than one gallon, five cents; and a reason- 485 able compensation for marking such weight and 486 measures, so as to conform to the standards. 487 Whoever knowingly sells, or directs or per- 488 mits any person in his employ to sell, any 489 property, and make or give any false or short 490 weight or measure; and any person owning 491 or having charge of any scale or steelyard for 492 the purpose of weighing any property, who 49s knowingly reports any false or untrue weight, 494 whereby any person may be defrauded or in- 495 jured, shall be fined not more than fifty dollars, 496 or imprisoned not more than thirty days, or 497 both.

Penalty.

Fees.

Selling hj false

weight.

498
318

OHIO. WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject. Provisions. Date.

Vslng wrong weislits and measures in

iselling coal.

Penalty for making

or using false meters.

Failure to properly mark goods and packages sold by weight; penalty.

Begalatlons as to barrels and contents.

499

500

501

502

503

50+

.505

506

507

508

509

510

511

512

513

514

515

516

517

518

519

520

521

622

523

524

525

526

627

528

529

630

531

532

533

634

635

636

637

Whoever sells and delivers any stone-coal,

except at the weights and measures prescribed

by law, shall be fined not more than fifty nor

less than five dollars, or imprisoned not more

than thirty nor less than five days.

Whoever constructs or uses any false meter

provided for measuring and registering the

quantity of gas consumed by any person, under

a contract with any gas company, with intent to

defraud, shall be fined not more than five hundred dollars or imprisoned not more than thirty

days, or both.

Whoever puts up or packs any goods or articles

sold by weight, into any case or package, and

fails or omits to mark thereon the gross, tare,

and net weights thereof, in pounds and fractions of pounds; or, with intent to defraud, in

any way transfers any brand, mark or stamp,

put upon any case or package by any manufacturer, to any other case or package; or, with

the like intent, repacks any case or package

marked with the brand, mark or stamp of any

manufacturer, with goods or articles of a quality

inferior to the goods or articles of that manufacturer, shall be fined not more than five hundred dollars, or imprisoned not more than six

months, or both.

All fish barrels shall be made of good, sound

and seasoned timber, of such kind as the inspector deems sufficient; and shall be well

bound with at least twelve sufficient, smart

hoops, or eight fiat hoops, not less than two

inches broad, secured with at least three nails

in each chime hoop, and shall contain two hundred pounds weight of clean fish in each barrel,

and one hundred pounds weight of clean fish in

each half -barrel; and only one species of fish

shall be put or packed into the same barrel or

half -barrel ; and such fish shall be salted with a

1903

1902
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES. 319

OHIO.

Reference. 1 Date. Provisions. Subject.

Bates' Annotated Olilo Statutes,

vol. 2, «h

Ed., p

2396.

Sec. 4300.

Pp. 2396-

2397.

Sec. 4303.

P. 2397.

Sec. 4305.

P. 2398.

Sec. 4317.

1902 quantity of salt, not less than fifty pounds of coarse salt, or fifty -six pounds of fine salt to ss" each barrel, and in the same proportion to each 64o half -barrel. 541 A barrel of fish shall contain two hundred a*-' pounds, and every package or vessel, being or ois purporting to be a fractional part of a barrel of

fish, shall contain a like fractional part of two

hundred pounds net, of fish, exclusive of salt, 546 brine, and package; and every barrel or other 547 vessel of fish put up or sold in this state, shall 54** have the number of pounds of fish contained

therein distinctly branded upon the head 550 thereof. 551 Every person or firm so entering into bond, 552 may inspect and brand all fish so put up, and 553 packed or sold by him or it ; but the brand shall 554 set forth the full name and place of business of 555 such person or firm, the quality, kind, and 556 weight of fish, so put up or sold ; and such brand ^57 shall be a full guaranty of the facts so set forth, 558 and for any breach thereof, such person or firm 559 shall be liable on such bond. sfio The inspector of salt shall regulate the tare sei of barrels as follows : all barrels weighing less 662 than three hundred pounds shall be tared at 563 thirty pounds ; all barrels weighing over three se* hundred and less than four hundred, shall be 565 tared thirty -five pounds; and all barrels weigh- 666 ing over four hundred pounds shall be tared 667 forty pounds. ees

What barrel of flsh shall contain.

Such person may act

as his own inspector.

How tare of salt barrels regulated.

OKLAHOMA.

OKLA.

Date. Provisions. Subject.

1903

Sec. 2526.

If any person with intent to defraud, use a

false balance, weight or measure, in the weighing or measuring of anything whatever that is

purchased, sold, bartered, shipped or delivered

for sale or barter, or that is pledged, or given in

payment he shall be punished by a fine not

exceeding one hundred dollars nor less than five

dollars, or by imprisonment in the county jail

not more than thirty days, or by both such fine

and imprisonment, and shall be liable to the

injured party in double the amount of damages.

Every person who retains in his possession

any weight or measure, knowing it to be false,

unless it appears beyond a reasonable doubt that

it was so retained without intent to use it, or permit it to be used in violation of the last section, shall be punished as therein provided.

Every person who is authorized or enjoined

by law to arrest another person for violation of

the first two sections of this article, is equally

authorized and enjoined to seize any false

weights or measures found in the possession of

the persons so arrested, and to deliver the same

to the magistrate before whom the person so arrested is required to be taken.

The magistrate to whom any weight or meas - ure is delivered, pursuant to the last section,

shall, upon examination of the accused, or if the examination is delayed or prevented, without awaiting such examination, -cause the same

to be tested by comparison with standards conformable to law; and if he finds it to be false,

he shall cause it to be destroyed, or to be deliv19150—05 21

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

32

33

False weights and measures.

Fine.

Hetentlon Is punishable.

May be seized.

May be tested and

destroyed.

321
322

OKLA. WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject. Provisions. Date.

Indictment.

Shall be destroyed, when.

Stamping false

weights or false tare.

Weight of bashel.

Hay, ton of.

Perch of stone.

37

ered to the district attorney of the county in

which the accused is hable to indictment or

trial, as the interests of justice in his judgment

require.

Upon the conviction of the accused, such district attorney shall cause any weight or measure

in respect whereof the accused stands convicted,

and which remains in the possession or under

the control of such district attorney, to be

destroyed.

Every person who knowingly marlis or stamps

false or short weight, or false tare on any cask

or package, or knowingly sells or offers for sale

any cask or package so marked is guilty of a misdemeanor.

A bushel of each of the articles enumerated

in this section shall consist of the number of

pounds avoirdupois respectively affixed to each,

viz: Barley, forty-eight pounds; Beans, sixty

pounds; Bran, twenty pounds; Buckwheat,

forty -two pounds; Beets, sixty pounds ; Broom

corn seed, thirty pounds ; Corn, shelled, fifty -six

pounds ; Corn in the ear, seventy pounds ; Clover

seed, sixty pounds; Coal, stone, eighty pounds;

Flax seed, fifty-six pounds; Lime, eighty

pounds; Oats, thirty -two pounds; Onions,

fifty -two pounds ; Potatoes, Irish, sixty pounds

;

Potatoes, sweet, forty-six pounds; Peas, sixty

pounds; Rye, fifty -six pounds; Salt, eighty

pounds; Turnips, sixty pounds ; Timothy seed,

forty -two pounds; Wheat, sixty pounds.

A ton of hay shall consist of two thousand

pounds, or, by measurement, three hundred and

forty -three cubic feet, after the same shall have

been stacked thirty days, or such time as may

be agreed upon between the parties.

A perch of mason work, or stone, is hereby

declared to consist of twenty -five feet cubic

measure.

1903
WEIGHTS AND MEASUEE8 OF THE UNITED STATES. 323

OKLA.

Reference. Date. Provisions. Subject.

1897

Mar. 12 That upon the passage and approval of this 73 act it shall be the duty of the Grovernor of the

said Territory to appoint in each county thereof, a suitable male person, having the qualifications

of an elector therein, as public weigher, to serve

until the next general election, and until the

election and qualification of his successor. That at the next general election, and at all

subsequent general elections, there shall be

elected, as is provided by law for the election of

all the other officers mentioned in section one of

this act, a public weigher, and in case of a vacancy in office of the said public weigher, by

death, resignation, or removal from office, at

any time after the first general election the said

vacancy shall be filled by the board of county

commissioners of the county in which such

vacancy occurs, under the laws of said Territory

as now in force.

The public weigher herein provided for, shall

be subject to all the penalties for nonfeasance,

misfeasance, and malfeasance in office that the

other county officers are subject to, and the date

of his qualification and entrance upon, and into

the duties of his office, shall be the same as is

provided for all other county officers after the

first election.

Such public weigher shall hold his office at loo the county seat of his respective county, in an loi office which he shall provide for that purpose, lo-' and shall, after he enters upon the duties of his

office, execute to the Territory of Oklahoma, lo* and file with the county clerk of his county, to 105 be approved by the board of county commis- loe sioners, a bond in the penal sum of one thousand

dollars, with two or more sufficient suteties, los conditioned that he will faithfully, correctly and io« impartially perform all the duties of said office "o

according to law, keep and hold open to inspec

74

76

76

77

78

79

80

81

82

83

86

87

89

90

91

92

95

96

97

98

99

Appointment of public weigher by governor.

To be elected at next

general election

and thereafter.

Penalties subject to and qualilicatlon and time of enter- ing on duties.

OfBce at county seat and bond to be given and oath.

Ill
324 WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject. Provisions. Date.

Office at count}- seat

j iind bond to be

j given and oath.

Duties of public

weigher.

Public weigher's fees.

112

113

111

115

116

117

118

119

120

121

122

123

124

125

126

127

128

129

130

131

132

133

134

136

136

137

138

139

140

141

142

143

144

145

146

147

148

149

150

tion at all times, to interested persons, a true

and perfect record of all his doings and transac - tions as such weigher, and shall deliver to his successor in office all books, papers and records,

and property of every kind in his hands, and

belonging to the said officer. He shall also subscribe to an oath or affirmation that he will sup - port the Constitution of the United States, and

the Organic Act and laws of the Territory

of Oklahoma, and in all things faithfully discharge the duties of his office according to law.

It shall be the duty of every public weigher,

within his county, to receive, inspect and weigh

according to the standard weights of the United

States, all cotton, grain of every kind, live stock,

hay, cotton seed and wool, and make a record of

its condition, weight, marks and brands, if any

there be, with remarks as to any peculiarities

appearing thereon or therein, and to furnish the

person, firm or corporation applying for such

weights, a net weight certificate bearing the

official signature of the said weigher, and in all cases the said public weigher shall furnish the

applicant for such weights net weight certificate, and to keep a true and perfect copy of such

certificate, showing the gross weight as well as the net weight.

The said public weigher shall receive from the

person, firm or corporation, for the services ren- dered by him in his said official capacity, the following fees: For each bale of cotton weighed

by him, the sum of ten cents ; for each load of

seed cotton, grain of any kind, live stock, hay,

cotton seed, coal or wood, the sum of ten cents;

and when any of the said commodities are weighed by the said public weigher in less

quantities than loads, the said weigher shall be

entitled to, and shall receive for, the said services, the sum of ten cents for each of the said

1897
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES. 325

OKLA.

Reference. Date. Provisions. Subject.

Berised and Annotated

Statute s, TOl.I. chap.

19. art. 10,

p. 443.

Sec. 1383.

Sec. 1384.

1897

Sec. 1385.

P. 444.

Sec. 1386.

weighings so had, to be paid by the person so applying for the said weights, and to secure the

said fees to the said weigher, he, the said

weigher, shall have and is hereby granted a lien

upon the commodity so weighed by him, for the

said price, and the said lien shall be declared,

and does follow the property so weighed, into

the hands of any and all persons into whose

hands the said property shall pass by purchase,

or otherwise, and there shall be no innocent

purchasers of the said property as against the

lien hereby created in favor of the said weigher

or weighers.

It shall be the duty of the said weighers, and

each of them, to furnish, at their own expense,

all blanks, books, stationery and material of

every kind, and in no event shall the county or

territory be responsible for the purchase price

thereof, or any part thereof, nor for the office

rent of the said weigher, and the said weighers,

at the expiration of their respective terms in

office, shall be the exclusive owners of all books,

blanks and materials of every kind then on

hand, and not used up to that time in the office,

but such as have at that time been marked in

part, or in whole by the said weigher, shall be

deemed public property, and shall be delivered

to the successor in office.

Any public weigher violating any of the provisions of this act shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and on conviction shall be fined

not less than twenty -five, nor more than fifty

dollars, and shall, upon such conviction by the

district court, be removed from office, at the

discretion of the court where such conviction

is had.

The said weighers shall furnish their own

scales, and it shall be the duty of the sheriff of 88

Public weieher's fees.

Shall furnisli his own

supplies.

Penalty for violation

of duty.

Shall famish his own

scales to be in- spected by sheriff.
326 WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

OKLA.

Subject. Provisions. Date. Reference.

Submitting scales for Inspection.

Fraudulent Increase

of weight.

189 each couDty in this Territory to inspect the said

scales and test them with the United States

191 standard weights, placing his seal thereon, show -

192 ing the same as having been tested, at least once

193 each quarter, and report thereon, and file the

194 said report with the county clerk of the county

195 at the beginning of each quarter of the official

196 year: Provided, however, The Sheriff shall re197 ceive, as compensation for inspector of public

198 scales a sum not to exceed two dollars per day

199 for each day actually employed as such inspec200 tor, and said amount shall be paid by said public

201 weigher, and upon the failure of the sheriff of

202 any county to so inspect the said scales, he shall

203 be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor and on con -

204 viction thereof, he shall be fined in any sum not

205 less than ten, nor more than fifty dollars.

206 Every farmer or other person who with in -

207 tent to cheat or defraud any person, firm, or

208 corporation, plates, sand-packs, false-packs or

209 water -packs any cotton, and every ginner of cot210 ton who is a party thereto, or uses any artifice to

211 increase the weight of his cotton, corn, or other

212 commodity, with the said intent, shall be deemed

213 guilty of a misdemeanor, and on conviction,

214 shall be fined in any sum not less than twenty

five dollars, nor more than seventy -five dollars

216 and all costs, and it is hereby made the duty of

217 any and all weighers to report the same to the

218 courts for action, and in case of a refusal of any

219 weigher to make such a report, upon conviction

220 of such failure, the said weigher shall be fined

221 as for a misdemeanor, and shall be removed

222 "ffATTl A'ffipP

223 All acts and parts of acts in conflict herewith

224 shall be, and the same are hereby repealed, and

225 this act shall take effect and be in force from

226 and after its passage and approval.

1897 Kerlsed and Annotated

Statutes,

TOl. I,cliap. 19. art. 10,

p. 444.

Sec. 1386.

Sec. 1387.
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES. 327

OKLA.

Reference. Date. Piovisions. Subject.

Rerised and Annotated

Statutes of Oklahoma.

1!)03, sec.

396, vol. I. chap. 12, art. 3, p. 241.

Chap. 25, art. 36. p. 622,

Sec. 2353.

Sec. 2S54.

1903 The council may prescribe rules for the weigh - 227 ing and measuring of every commodity sold in 228 the city, in all cases not otherwise provided for 229 by law, and may provide for the inspection and 230 weighing of hay, grain and coal, the measuring 231 of wood and fuel, and determine the place or 232 places of the same, and regulate and prescribe 233 the place or places of exposing for sale, hay, coal 234 and wood, and fix the fees and duties of the 235 persons authorized to perform the duties named 236 in this section. 237 Of cities of the first class, population over 238 2500. 2.39 Every person, who in putting up or pressing 240 any bundle of hay for market, omits to put the 241 number of pounds in each bundle or bale so put 242 up, for which he sells or olfers to sell it, is 243 guilty of a misdemeanor. 244 Every person, who by putting up in any bag, 2*5 bale, box, barrel or other package, any hops, 246 cotton, hay or other goods usually sold in bags, -247 barrels or packages, by w^eight puts in or con- 248 ceals therein anything whatever tor the purpose 249 of increasing the weight of such bag, bale, box, 250 barrel or package, is punishable by a fine of 251 twenty -five dollars for each offense. 252

Kei^ulations of

weights and measures.

Omitting to marli

hay.

Increasing the ireight

of Ijarrels, boxes,

etc.
I
OBEG.

Date. Provisions. Subject.

1864

1854-57 1901

The weights and measures, together with the

scales and beams, and those made in conformity

therewith, which are now or may hereafter be

deposited in the treasury of this state, shall be

preserved by the treasurer and be the public

standards in this state.

The treasurer of the state shall be the sealer

of weights and measures, and he shall have and

keep a seal, which shall be so formed as to impress the word '

' Oregon ' ' upon the weights and

measures, scales and beams, to be sealed by

him, with which he shall seal all such authorized public standards of weights and measures,

and all the weights and measures, scales and

beams, to be provided by the several counties

when examined by said treasurer and found to

be in conformity with the standard weights and

measures, scales and beams, aforesaid.

When any commodity shall be sold by the

hundredweight, it shall be understood to mean

the net weight of one hundred pounds avoirdupois; and all contracts concerning goods or commodities sold by weight shall be construed

accordingly, unless such construction would be

manifestly inconsistent with the special agreement of the parties contracting.

Whenever wheat, rye, Indian corn, oats, barley, clover seed, buckwheat, dried apples, dried

peaches, potatoes, or pears shall be sold by the

bushel, and no special agreement as to the

measure or weight thereof shall be made by the

parties, the measure thereof shall be ascertained

1

2

3

4

5

C

7

8

9

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

32

Standards

llshed.

e s t a b •

Treasurer of State to be sealer.

Hundredweight.

Weight of bushel.

329
330 WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

OEEti.

Subject. Provisions. Date. Reference.

Weight of bushel. 33 by weight and shall be computed as follows:

34 Sixty pounds for a bushel of wheat or clover

35 seed; fifty -six pounds for a bushel of rye or

36 Indian corn; thirty -two pounds for a bushel of

3' oats; forty -six pounds for a bushel of barley;

38 forty -two pounds for a bUshel of buckwheat;

39 twenty -eight pounds for a bushel of dried ap-

*o pies or peaches; sixty pounds for a bushel of

*i potatoes; forty -five pounds for a bushel of ap42 pies or pears.

1854-77 1901

Code, 1902,

vol. 2, p. 1478, title 38, chap.

6. Sec. 4620.

Half bushel. 43 The half bushel and parts thereof shall be the

44 standard measure for charcoal, fruits, and ol^her

45 commodities customarily sold by heaped meas46 ure, and in measuring such commodities, the

4' half bushel or other smaller measure shall be

48 heaped as high as may be without special effort

49 or design.

1854 Sec. 4621.

Dimensions of a hop

box. 50 A hop box shall be thirty -six inches long,

51 thirty inches deep, and eighteen inches wide,

52 measurement upon the inside, and shall contain

53 nineteen thousand four hundred and forty

54 (19,440) cubic inches.

1886 Sec. 4622.

Tol. 1, p. 655, title 19, chap.

3.

Using false weights,

etc. 55 If any person shall knowingly use any false

56 weight or measure, and shall thereby defraud or

57 otherwise injure another, or shall knowingly

58 mark or stamp a false weight or measure or

59 false tare upon any cask or package, or shall

60 knowingly sell or offer for sale any cask or

61 package so marked, such person, upon convie

62 tion thereof, shall be punished by imprisonment

63 in the county jail not less than one month nor

64 more than one year, or by fine not less than

65 fifty nor more than five hundred dollars.

66 (Code published by authority of an Act ap67 proved February 25, 1901.)

1864 Sec. 1832.
PA.

Eeference. Date. Provisions. Subject.

Brightly's Purdon's

Digest, p. 2085.

Sec. 1.

Sec. 2.

Sec. 3.

Sec. 4.

1834

Apr. 15 The standard unit of all measures of length i shall be the yard, to conform to that in use in 2 this commonwealth at the date of the declara- 3 tion of independence ; the positive standard to * be obtained as hereinafter described ; and one- ^ third of said yard shall be one foot, and one- « twelfth of said foot shall be one inch. ? The standard of liquid measure shall be the « gallon, to contain two hundred and thirty -one » cubic inches, of the standard aforesaid, and no i*> more; and the standard of dry measure shall n

be the bushel, to contain two thousand one 1-' hundred and fifty cubic inches and forty -two 13 hundredths of a cubic inch, of the standard "

aforesaid, and no more. 15 The standard of weight shall be a pound, to 16 be computed upon the troy pound of the mint of i< the United States, referred to in the act of con- i« gress of the 19th of May 1828, to wit : the troy 19 pound of this commonwealth shall be equal to 20 the troy pound of the mint aforesaid, and the 21 avoirdupois pound of this commonwealth shall 22 be greater than the troy pound aforesaid, in the 23 proportion of seven thousand to five thousand 24 seven hundred and sixty. 2.5 It shall be lawful for the governor of this com- 26 monwealth, when he shall deem it expedient, 27 to have tested the conformity of said positive 28 standards of measure and weight to the fore- 29 going provisions of this act, or .to the natural so invariable standards hereinafter provided ; and 31

if congress shall at any time hereafter estab- 32 lish standards of weight and measure, the 33

Standards.

Linear measure.

Measures of capacity.

Standard of weiglits.

How standards to be

Terlfied.

331
332

PA. WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject. Provisions. Date. Reference.

To he referred to nat- aral iiiTariable

standards.

Gorernor to procure

standards.

Standards to counties.

34 Standards aforesaid shall be made to conform

35 thereto.

36 It shall be the duty of the governor, within

37 ten years after the passage of this act, to cause

38 the positive standards herein described, to be

39 referred to natural invariable standards, and to

+0 deposit in the of&ce of the secretary of the com -

*i monwealth, the authentic certificates of such

42 reference, with the apparatus by which it was

43 made; the length of the standard yard to be

44 compared with that of the pendulum vibrating

45 seconds, at a certain and defined spot in the Inde46 peiidence Square, in the city of Philadelphia, or

4T in some unalienable public property, at an ascer48 tained and convenient temperature and pressure,

49 all the circumstances of the comparison to be

50 stated ; the standard of weight to be compared

51 with that of one hundred standard cubic inches

52 of water, at its maximum density, and at a con53 venient atmospheric pressure.

54 The governor of this commonwealth be and

55 he is hereb}^ authorized to have prepared stand -

56 ards of weights, measure and capacity, specified

57 in the act of assembly, passed April 15th, 1834,

58 and he be authorized to carry into effect the

59 provisions of the said act as soon as practicable.

60 The secretary of the commonwealth be au61 thorized and directed to procure, as soon as

62 practicable, suitable cases for the standards of

63 weights and measures now in his office, and to

64 prescribe and publish the terms upon which

65 standards, of approved construction, carefully

66 compared with the state standards aforesaid,

67 shall be furnished to the commissioners of the

68 several counties of the commonwealth, accord

69 ing to the directions of the act of 15th of April

70 1884, entitled "An act to fix the standards and

71 denominations of measures and weights in the

72 commonwealth of Pennsylvania."

1834

Apr. 15 Brlghtlj's

Purdon's,

Dieest, p. 2086.

Sec. 5.

1838

Apr. 14

Sec. 6.

1843

Sept. 29

Sec. 7.
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES. 333

PA.

Date. Provisions. Subject.

1845

Apr. 16

1860

Apr. 26

The original standards of weights and measures furnished by the United States, and now

in the office of the secretary of the commonwealth, shall remain in the case provided for that

purpose, which shall only be opened under the

direction of the governor or the said secretary,

for the sole purpose of comparing such standards

with the copies hereinafter described, unless by a

joint resolution of the two houses of the legislature, or on the call of either house, or by permission of the governor, for scientific purposes.

Copies of such original standards, for general

use, to be made of such materials as the governor and the said secretary shall direct, shall be

transmitted by them, on application therefor, to

the county commissioners of each county in this

commonwealth, at the expense of the several

counties to which the same are sent, and not

otherwise.

The said secretary shall cause to be impressed on each of the copies of such original

standards the letters Pa., and such other additional device as he shall direct for the particular

county ; which device shall be recorded in the

secretary's office, and a copy thereof transmitted

to the respective county commissioners.

It shall be the duty of the county commissioners receiving such standards as aforesaid,

and their successors in office, in every five years,

and oftener, if they shall have reason to believe

it necessary, to cause such standards so received

by them or their predecessors in office, to be

tried and examined, to be corrected or renewed,

so as to conform exactly to the standards prepared according to the act of congress, and

deposited in the office of the secretary of the

commonwealth as aforesaid.

The county commissioners of the several

counties of this commonwealth are hereby

73

74

75

76

78

79

80

81

82

83

84

85

86

87

88

89

90

91

92

93

94

95

96

97

98

99

100

101

102

103

104

105

106

107

108

109

110

111

When and liow cases

to be opened.

Copies to be trans- mitted to the sev- eral counties.

How stamped.

Verification of county

standards.

True meridians to be

fixed.
334

PA. WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject. Provisions. Date. Reference.

True meridian to be

fixed.

Notice tliereof to be

ariven : surveyors

to adjust their compasses and chains

thereby.

Penalty for snrveying

with uu ad j u s t ed

compass or chain.

authorized and directed, within two years from

and after the passage of this act, to cause to be

marked and established, on some inalienable

property belonging to the county, or on some

such property as the commissioners of the

county may hereafter acquire for that purpose,

at or near the seat of justice of the several counties, a true meridian line, and a fixed standard

measure, of a two or four pole chain, agreeing

with and made after the measure of the standard yard now in the office of the secretary of

the commonwealth ; and the cost whereof to be

paid out of the respective county treasuries.

When the said true meridian lines, and the

measures of the said standard two or four pole

chain, shall have been so marked and established as aforesaid, the said county commissioners shall give public notice thereof, in one

or more newspapers of their respective counties, or otherwise, for at least three successive weeks

;

and it shall be the duty of every land surveyor

in this commonwealth, after such notice has

been given as aforesaid, in the month of April

in each year, to adjust and verify his compass

by one of the said meridian lines, and to ascertain the variation of its needle from the true

meridian, and his chain by one of the said

measures of the said standard two or four pole

chain. And the said surveyors shall thereafter,

in all their returns of surveys, or writings con- cerning surveys of land, and lines run by the

compass, note the bearings or courses of such

surveys and lines so as to show the true, and

not the magnetic bearing, together with the

date of such survey or tracing of lines.

Any surveyor, after notice given as required by

the provisions of this act, by making any survey

with an unadjusted compass or chain, he shall,

for every such neglect or refusal, pay the sum
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES. 335

PA.

Reference. Date. Provisions. Subject.

Brightly's Purdon's

Digest, p. 2086-87.

Sec. 14.

1860

Apr. 26

Sec. 15.

Sec. 22. 1891 June 1

P. 2088.

Sec. 23. 1891 May 12

Sec. 24.

Sec. 25.

Sec. 29.

1871 May 27

1849

Mar. 23

of ten dollars, on complaint made by any per- son interested in such survey, before the justice

of the peace nearest to the tract or lot of land

so surveyed, to be recovered as debts of like

amount are by law recoverable ; one -half thereof

to the person making the complaint, and the

other half to the treasurer of the school district

in which such survey is made, for the use of said

district. *

It shall be the duty of the commissioners of

the several counties aforesaid, to procure a book

to be kept in their of&ce ; and every surveyor,

on having adjusted his chain and compass as

aforesaid, shall enter therein the variation of

his compass from the true meridian, whether

east or west, and the day on which he adjusted

his chain and compass, and shall subscribe his

name thereto, for future reference."

From and after the passage of this act, the

standard weight of a cord of hemlock, oak or other bark, when sold by the cord or ton, shall

be two thousand pounds for each and every cord,

and two thousand pounds for each and every

ton.

The standard measure of charcoal shall be two

thousand five hundred and seventy -one cubic

inches for each and every bushel thereof, and

when sold by weight a bushel shall be eighteen

pounds (commercially dry) for all hard wood,

and fifteen pounds (commercially dry) for all soft

wood.

All other acts or parts of acts inconsistent

herewith are hereby repealed.

The legal standard ton for anthracite coal shall

be two thousand two hundred and forty pounds

avoirdupois weight.*

The standard bushel for the measurement of

bituminous coal, shall, from and after the first

« Article 2, sections 16-21, relate to the customary denominations. See page

b Sections 26, 27, 28, relate to penalties for a violation of section 25.

84

Penalty.

Duties of commissioners.

Weight of a cord of bark.

Charcoal measnre.

Ton of anthracite

coal.

Standard bushel of bituminous coal.

2087.
336

PA.

WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject.

Standard weieht of bushel of Wtnmlnous coal.

Provisions.

Weight of bushel of bituminous coal.

Councils to regulate

the same by ord- nance.

Weiarht of bushel of coal in Greensburg.

189

190

191

192

193

194

195

196

197

198

199

200

201

202

203

204

205

206

207

208

209

210

211

212

213

214

215

216

217

218

219

220

221

222

223

224

225

226

day of January 1850, contain 2688 cubic inches

even measure, and this act shall not affect contracts made before that time: Provided, This

act shall go into immediate operation in the

county of Allegheny, from and after its passage.

Where disagreements arise between the buyer

and seller of bituminous coal, in the county of

Allegheny, as to the measm-e of good merchantable coal, put into the wagon, car or cart, at the

mouth of the pit^ or at any of the wharves in

the county of Allegheny, a standard of weight

shall be established, of seventy -six pounds

avoirdupois to the bushel of merchantable coal."

The select and common councils of the cities

of Pittsburg and Allegheny, and the town councils of the incorporated boroughs in the county

of Allegheny, are hereby authorized to provide

and establish some mode to ascertain the weight

of coal sold within said cities and boroughs, and

impose suitable penalties upon all persons violating the provisions of the acts of assembly on

the subject.

The standard weight for coal in the borough

of Greensburg, in the county of Westmoreland,

shall be seventy -five pounds to the bushel; and

the burgess and the town council of said borough

may and they are hereby authorized and empowered to pass such ordinances as will be neces - sary to prevent the sale of coal in said borough,

otherwise than by the standard weight herein

specified, which weight shall be ascertained and

determined by the public scales in the said

borough, and said burgess and town council

shall have power to impose such fines and forfeitures as they may deem necessary to insure a

faithful compliance with said ordinances, and

collect the same as like fines and forfeitures are by law collected.

« Sections 31 and 32 relate to duties of weighmaster.

Date. Reference.

1849

Mar. 23

1850

Apr. 6

Brlghtly's Pu rdon's

Digest, p. 2088.

Sec. 29.

Sec. 30.

Sec. 33.

1852 Sec. 34.
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES. 337

PA.

Sec. 18.

Date.

1834

Apr. 16

Provisions.

The denominations of linear measure of this

commonwealth, whereof the yard as heretofore provided is the standard unit, with the

relations thereof, shall be as follows

Twelve inches make one foot.

Three feet make one yard.

Five and a half yards make one rod, pole or perch.

Forty rods make one furlong. ^ Eight furlongs make one mile.

The denominations of superficial measure of

this commonwealth, whereof the square of the

linear yard, as heretofore provided, is the standard unit, with the relations to said standard and

to each other shall be

Thirty and one -fourth square yards make one

pole or perch.

Forty square poles make one rood.

Four square roods make one acre. Six hundred and forty acres make one square

mile.

The denominations of liquid measure of this

commonwealth, whereof the gallon as heretofore

provided is the standard unit, with the relations

to said unit and to each other, shall be : Four gills make one pint.

Two pints make one quart.

Four quarts make one gallon.

Thirty -one and a half gallons make one

barrel.

Two barrels make one hogshead.

Two hogshead make one pipe.

Two pipes make one tun.

The denominations of dry measure of this

commonwealth, whereof the bushel as heretofore provided is the standard unit, with the

jelations to said standard and to each other,

shall be

Four pecks make one bushel.

227

228

229

230

231

232

233

234

235

236

237

238

239

240

241

242

243

244

245

246

247

248

249

250

251

252

253

254

256

256

257

258

259

260

261

262

263

264

266

Subject.

Denominations;

linear measure.

Of superficial measure.

Liquid measure.

Dry measure.

19150—05-
338

PA. WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject. Provisions. Date. Reference.

Peck.

Troy weight.

ATOlrdupois weight.

Sending out loads below standard

weight.

2C6

267

268

269

270

271

272

273

274

275

276

277

278

279

280

281

282

283

284

285

286

287

288

289

290

291

292

293

294

295

296

297

298

299

300

301

302

303

And the minor divisions of the peck shall be

its aliquot parts : Provided, That the form of

the dry measure shall be conical ; that the diameter of the circle of the top of the measure shall

be not less than one -twentieth greater than the

diameter of the bottom of the measure, and

the height not more than nine twelfths of the

diameter of the bottom.

The denominations of weight of this common - wealth, whereof the troy pound hs heretofore

provided is the standard unit, with the relations

thereof to said standard and to each other,

shall be

:

Twenty -four grains make one pennyweight.

Twenty pennyweights make one ounce. Twelve ounces make one pound.

The denominations of weight of this commonwealth, whereof the pound avoirdupois as heretofore provided is the standard unit, with the

relations to said pound and to each other,

shall be : Sixteen drams make one ounce. Sixteen ounces make one pound.

Twenty -five pounds make one quarter.

Four quarters make one hundred.

Twenty hundreds make one ton.

Any retail coal dealer sending out into the

highway a load of anthracite coal, containing

less than two thousand two hundred and

forty pounds avoirdupois for a ton, except

when delivering fractions of a ton, or if delivering a fraction of a ton and said fraction of a ton contain less relatively than the legal standard of two thousand two hundred and forty

pounds avoirdupois, the dealer so acting shall

be compelled to pay a fine of fifty dollars, one

half to go to the city and one -half to the said

inspector.

1834 Brlghtly'g Pur don's

Digest, p. 2087.

Sec. 19.

Sec. 20.

Sec. 21.

1871 May 27

P. 2088.

Sec. 26.
WEIGHTS AjS'D measures OF THE UNITED STATES. 339

PA.

Eeference. \ Date. Provisions. Subject.

Brightly's 1872 Pnrdon's Apr. 3

Dlsest, p. 2088.

Sec. 27.

1850

Apr. 6

It shall be unlawful for any retail coal dealer

of the city of Philadelphia, to dehver any quantity or quantities of anthracite coal, which shall

have been sold by weight, without each such

delivery being accompanied with a delivery

ticket, whereon shall be distinctly expressed in

tons fractional fourths thereof, or pounds avoirdupois, the quantity or cjuantities of coal contained in the cart, wagon or other vehicle used

in such delivery, with the name of the purchaser

thereof, and the dealer from whom purchased

and for each failure or refusal to produce such

delivery ticket, when called for by either of the

inspectors or the purchaser of the coal, the

driver or owner of the vehicle shall be compelled to pay a fine of ten dollars.

All penalties provided by this act, and the act

to which this is a supplement, shall be recoverable by action of debt in the same manner as penalties are by law now recoverable, to be

brought in the name of the coal inspector; onehalf of the said fines and penalties to go to the

city of Philadelphia, and the other half to go to

the said inspector; and corporations and companies violating this act, or the act to which

this is a supplement, shall incur like penalties

with individuals.

On the parties disagreeing as to the measure

of coal, and consenting to have the load or loads

weighed and taken to a properly adjusted scale,

the weighmaster of said scale shall superintend

the weighing of the suspected load, estimating

the number of bushels by the standard weight

of seventy -six pounds to the bushel; for which

service he shall be entitled to the usual fee or

fees charged for similar draughts, to be paid by

the party in error, on the presentation of a certificate of weight by the said officer ; the amount

304

305

306

307

308

309

310

311

312

313

314

315

316

317

318

319

320

321

322

323

324

325

326

327

328

329

330

331

332

333

334

335

336

337

338

339

340

341

Tlokets to be delivered: penaltylor

refusal.

How penalties recoverable.

Duties of welehmaster.
340

PA. WEIGHTS AND MEA8UEES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject- Provisions. Date. Reference.

How qnantlty of coal

to be ascertained.

M'eif^Iit of bltumtuoas

coal.

Penalty for violation.

Bushel of coke.

Unslaked lime.

342

343

344

345

346

347

348

349

3.50

351

352

353

354

355

3.56

357

358

3.59

360

361

362

363

364

365

366

367

368

369

370

371

372

373

374

375

376

377

378

379

380

of said fee to be collected as debts of like amount

are recoverable by law.

The third and fifth sections of the act establishing a uniform standard of bituminous coal

in Allegheny county, passed April 6th, Anno

Domini 1850, be and the same are hereby re- pealed, and hereafter all controversies in said

county in regard to the quantity of coal contained in any cart, wagon or other vehicle, shall

be ascertained in the manner provided for by

the 1st and 2nd sections of the act to which

this is a supplement: Provided, however, That

where coal is sold and delivered into boats

where the weight cannot conveniently be as- certained, then the standard fixed in the act of

March 23rd, 1849, shall oontinue unchanged.

The standard weight of bituminous coal, in

this commonwealth, shall be seventy-six pounds

to the bushel, and two thousand pounds shall

be one ton.

If any person or persons engaged in the busi- ness of mining bituminous coal, shall fix or

establish, any other number of pounds, by

agreement or contract, to be a bushel of bituminous coal, than as is provided for in the first

section of this act, such person or persons shall

be guilty of a misdemeanor, and, upon conviction

thereof, shall be sentenced to pay a fine not less

than five hundred and not exceeding one thousand dollars, and all penalties recovered under

this act shall be paid into the treasury of the

state.

The standard measure of coke, manufactured,

from bituminous coal, when sold by the bushel,

shall be two thousand six hundred and forty

eight cubic inches, and the standard weight per

bushel shall be forty pounds.

The standard bushel for the measurement of

unslaked lime, in the county of Allegheny, shall

1851

Apr. 12

Brlghtly's

Purdon's

Digest, p. 2088.

Sec. 32.

1878 May 18

Sec. 35.

Sec. 36, p. 2089.

1866

Apr. 11

Sec. 37. See Art. 88.

1856

Apr. 9

Sec. 38.
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES. 341

PA.

Reference, Date. Provisions. Subject.

Brightly-s Purdon's

Digest, p. 2089.

Sec. 38.

Sec. 39. 1864

Apr. 2J

Sec. 40. 1873

Mar. 21

Sec. 41, p. 2089. 1838

Apr. 14

Sec. 42. 1891 June 1

contain two thousand one hundred and fifty,

forty -two one-hundreth cubic inches, even

measure.

It shall not be lawful for any person or per- sons engaged in the business of purchasing, collecting or furnishing shingles or hoop -poles,

shaved hoops, straps, shucks, staves and heading, of any kind of material whatsoever, used in

the manufacture of wooden vessels, to demand

or deliver more than ten hundred pieces in number for one thousand; and that when any or

either of the above mentioned articles of lumber be purchased or sold by the thousand, it shall be so considered any custom or usage to

the contrary notwithstanding.

It shall be lawful for any person having timber, boards or other lumber upon the Ohio river, or any of its tributaries, in this state, to sell the

same under any measurement they agree upon,

or under any measurement which may be made

by any person or persons whom they and their

vendees, under contract, may select, any local

law or usage or ordinance to the contrary notwithstanding: Provided, That square timber

shall be measured with the usual five inch hook,

unless the parties shall otherwise contract.

The governor be and he is hereby authorized

and required to appoint a measurer of marble,

whose duty it shall be to faithfully measure

all marble in the rough brought into the city

and county of Philadelphia for sale, when

thereto required by the parties, or either of

them, whose compensation shall be one cent per

foot for cubic marble, and one -fourth of a cent

per foot for slab marble.

From and after the passage of this act, the

weight of a bushel of potatoes, shall be fifty -six

pounds.

381

382

383

384

385

386

387

388

389

390

391

392

393

394

395

39B

397

398

399

400

401

402

403

404

40.5

406

407

408

409

410

411

412

413

414

415

416

417

418

Sale of shingles, etc., by the thousand.

Sale of timber on the

Ohio.

Measurer of marble

to be appointed.

Weight of bushel of potatoes.
342

PA. WEIGHTS AND MEASUEES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject. Provisions. Date. Reference.

Repealing clause.

Penalty for disre- garding requisition

of regulator.

Penalty for selling unadjusted measures In Philadelphia.

Penalty for altering adjustment.

419

420

421

422

423

424

425

426

427

428

429

430

431

432

433

434

435

436

437

438

439

440

441

442

443

444

445

446

447

448

449

450

451

452

453

454

456

456

457

All acts or parts of acts inconsistent herewith

are hereby repealed.

In case any maker, vender or proprietor of

beams, scales, weights or measures, within the

city or county of Philadelphia, or county for

which a sealer has been appointed, shall neglect

or refuse to comply with the requisitions which

the regulator of weights and measures is authorized and directed to make ; or shall sell by false

beams, scales, weights or measures, such person

or persons so offending shall, for each and every

offence, forfeit and pay the sum of five dollars,

which may be sued for and recovered as debts

of the like amount are by law recoverable, for

the use of the poor of the city, district or township, in which such fine shall have been

incurred: Provided, That the provisions of the

5th and 6th sections of this act shall not be so construed as to extend to such beams, scales,

weights and measures, as shall not be used by

the proprietors thereof, for the purpose of buying or selling (by) the same.

It shall be the duty of any person or persons

offering dry measures for sale, within the limits

of the city and county of Philadelphia, to have

the same stamped and sealed by the proper offi- cer of said city and county, and any person

found guilty of offering exposing for sale any

dry measure, without having the same sealed

and adjusted by the proper officer as aforesaid,

shall be liable to a penalty of five dollars for

every such offence, to be collected as debts of

like amount are now collected, one -half to go to

the informer, and the other half to the use of

said county.

Any person who shall, in any way, alter any

measure, so that the capacity thereof is dimin - ished, after the same shall have been adjusted

and sealed, or shall, in buying or selling, use

1845

Apr. 15

BTlghtly's Purdon's

Digest, p. 2589.

Sec. 43.

Sec. 44.

1842

Mar. 18

Sec. 45.

1846

Apr. 21

Sec. 46, p. 2090.
WEIGHTS AND MEASUEES OF THE UNITED STATES. 343

PA.

Date. Provisions. Subject.

464

466

46S

any measure so altered; and any person who 458 shall alter anj" scale, beam or weight, so as to 459 impair the adjustment thereof, after the same *6o shall have been adjusted and sealed; and any

dealer, vender or weigher, who shall have in

his possession any scale, beam, weight, or meas- «3 ure so altered as aforesaid ; shall, on conviction

thereof, before any alderman or justice of the *^ peace, forfeit and pay the sum of ten dollars

and if the person so convicted refuse or neglect *^ to satisfy such forfeiture, with costs, imme

diately, or produce goods and chattels sufficient

whereon to levy the said forfeiture, together 4<o with cost, then the said alderman or justice of i<i the peace shall commit the offender to the jail i'--^ of the county wherein the offence was committed, there to be kept at hard labor for the

space of thirty days.

Any person who shall be convicted as aforesaid, and shall think himself or herself agrieved

by such conviction, may remove the proceedings

by certiorari to the next court of quarter sessions, held for the city or county wherein the iso offence shall have been committed ; and on the

hearing of the certiorari, the court may, if it think proper, examine testimony; but no judg- *83 ment shall be reversed for any matter of form,

if it shall be proved to the satisfaction of the

court, that the offence charged has been committed by the defendant.

One moiety of the forfeitm^es in money accru

ing and becoming due for any offence against *89 this act, shall be paid to the overseers or guardians of the poor of the city, borough or township, wherein the offence shall have been committed, and the other moiety to the person or 493 persons who shall prosecute and sue for the

same.

Penalty for using

false or altered

measures.

473

474

475

476

478

479

487

488

490

491

492

494

Record may lie re- moved by certiorari.

Appropriation of penalties.

495
344

PA. WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject. Provisions. Pate. Reference.

Penalty for selling by short weight

or measure.

Penalty for using

false scales,

weights, and measures.

Penalty for fraud In haling hay.

496

497

498

499

500

501

502

503

504

505

506

507

508

509

510

511

612

513

514

615

516

517

518

519

620

521

622

523

624

526

626

627

528

629

630

631

532

633

634

Whenever any description of manufactured

goods, commonly called dry goods or groceries,

shall be sold by the piece, in packages or by

weight, and the said pieces or packages shall be

marked or represented to contain a certain number of yards, pounds or ounces, and the same

shall be sold as containing that number or weight, when in fact the said pieces or packages

shall contain less number of yards or pounds or ounces than so represented, the seller or manufacturer thereof shall forfeit and pay to the

purchaser a sum equal to double the value of the

quantity or weight found to be deficient, to be

recovered by action of debt, in any court of law,

or before any alderman or justice of the peace

in this commonwealth, in the same manner that

debts of like amount are now by law recoverable.

Any person or persons who shall wilfully use and sell by false beams, scales, weights and

measures, any article, merchandise, commodity

or thing, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor, and

on being convicted thereof, shall be sentenced

to pay a fine not exceeding two hundred dollars,

and to undergo an imprisonment not exceeding

three months, or both, or either, at the discretion of the court.

Any person or persons within this commonwealth who shall sell, or cause to be sold or exchanged, in any manner whatsoever, baled

hay, straw or other material of a like nature, by

weight, and shall include in the weight of said

baled hay, straw or other substance of a similar

nature, any concealed or exposed matter, for

the purpose of increasing the weight, shall be

deemed guilty of a misdemeanor ; and on being

convicted thereof, shall be fined not exceeding

one hundred dollars, and be imprisoned not

exceeding six months, either or both, at the

discretion of the court.

1850

Apr. 11 Brlghtly's Purdou's

Digest, p. 2090.

Sec. 49.

1883 June 5

Sec. 60.

1876 May 8Sec. 51
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES. 345

PA.

Date. Provisions. Subject.

1895 Jnne 26 The governor of this commonwealth shall

appoint such nnmber of inspectors as may be

designated by the connty commissioners, in the

cities of the first and second class of this commonwealth, to inspect scales, weights and measures who shall be paid monthly out of the

county treasury, except in cities co -extensive

with the county, when the same shall be paid

out of the city treasury, such salary as may

be fixed by said commissioners; they shall serve for 'a term of four years, unless removed

by death, resignation or other cause. Each inspector shall be fui'nished with standard weights, measures and tests by the secretary

of internal affau's of this commonwealth.

The duty of each inspector shall be to visit

every place not more than four times a year,

where measures, weights and scales are used or

sold, including all market houses, shops, stores

and all places where meats, provisions and other

articles are sold by weight or measure in said

cities, to inspect, regulate and adjust the same.

The inspector to have power and to seize all

fraudulent scales, weights and measures, where

ever found, and which cannot be regulated and

adjusted, to use the same as evidence in any

action of law against the party or parties in

whose possession they are found.

Any person or persons purchasing new scales,

weights or measui*es that do not contain the

stamp of the inspector shall, before using them,

notify the inspector of the district and have

them tested, and all scales, weights and measures that cannot be adjusted by the inspector

shall be removed and destroyed.

Any person, upon arrest and conviction before

a magistrate or justice of the peace for refusing

to allow his scales, weights and measures to be

inspected, shall be fined ten dollars and costs of

.536

537

538

539

540

541

542

543

544

545

546

547

548

549

550

551

552

353

554

535

556

557

558

559

580

561

562

563

564

•565

.566

367

568

569

570

571

572

573

Inspectors.

Adjnsting weights

and measures.

Power to seize frand- ulent scales,

weights, and measures*

New scales, weights, and measures mnst

be adjusted.

Penalty.
346

PA. WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject.

Penalty.

2240 pounds avoirdapois to make a ton of anthracite coal.

Selling less for a ton.

Flne8.

Provisions. Date. Reference.

.574

575

576

577

578

579

580

581

582

583

584

585

586

587

588

589

.590

591

592

593

694

595

596

597

598

599

600

601

602

603

604

605

606

607

608

609

610

611

612

613

court, or be sentenced to imprisonment for a period of not more than ten days. Any person

who shall, after his scales, weights and measures have been inspected in accordance with the

provisions of the fifth section of this act, alter or cause to be altered his said inspected scales,

weights and measures, so that they be decreased

in size or amount, or who shall substitute for

said inspected weights and measures any other

weight and measure of smaller size or amount

shall, upon arrest and conviction before a magistrate or justice of the peace, be fined not

more than twenty dollars and cost of court, and

in default of the i:)ayment of such fine and costs

shall be imprisoned for a period of not more

than ten days.

All acts or parts of acts inconsistent herewith

be and the same are hereby repealed.

On and after the first day of July, Anno

Domini one thousand eight hundred and ninety -

five, two thousand two hundred and forty

pounds avoirdupois shall make and constitute a

legal ton of anthracite coal throughout this

commonwealth in all transactions between retail

coal dealers and their customers.

Any person, firm or corporation guilty of violating the provisions of section one of this act

whereby it is attempted to sell less than two

thousand two hundred and forty pounds to a

ton, or a proper proportion thereof to quantities

less than a ton, shall, upon conviction thereof

before any justice of the peace or alderman,

after hearing on complaint made, shall be liable

to a penalty not exceeding fifty dollars, recoverable as like penalties are within this common - wealth : Provided, That in all cases forty pounds

shall be allowed for the variation in scales.

All fines recovered under this act shall be paid

to the treasurer of the county wherein the action

is brought.

1895
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES. 347

PA.

Reference. Date.

Brlghtly's

Digest Sup- plement,

1903, p.

880.

See. 15.

Sec. 10.

Sec. 11.

Sec. 18.

Sec. 19.

Sec. 16.

Sec. 17.

Brlghtly's

Digest Sup- plement.

1903, p.

456.

Sec. 81.

1895 Jnne 26

1895

Jan. 24

1895 May 8

1897 Mar. 30

1897

July 15

Provisions. Subject.

Sec. 82.

All laws or parts of laws inconsistent with

or contrary to this act are hereby repealed.

From and after the passage of this act the

standard weight of "a bushel of clover seed shall

be sixty pounds.

All acts or parts of acts inconsistent herewith

are hereby repealed.

From and after the passage of this act the

weight of a bushel of onions shall be fifty

pounds.

All acts or parts of acts inconsistent herewith

are hereby repealed.

From and after the passage of this act the

weight of a bushel of oats shall be thirty -two

pounds.

All acts or parts of acts inconsistent herewith

are hereby repealed.

Be it enacted,'' &c., That it shall be unlawful

for any mine owner, lessee or operator of any

bituminous coal mine in this Commonwealth,

employing miners at bushel or ton rates, or other quantity, to pass the output of coal mined

by said miners over any screen or other device

which shall take any part from the weight, value

or quantitj^ thereof, before the same shall have

been weighed and duly credited to the employee

sending the same to the surface and accounted

for at the legal rate of weight fixed by the laws

of this Commonwealth.

Any owner, lessee or operator of any bituminous coal mine, violating the provisions of this

act, shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor,

and shall upon conviction, for each and every

such offense be punished by a fine of not less

than one hundred. (100) dollars nor more than

five hundred ($500) dollars, or by imprisonment

in the county jail for a period not to exceed

ninety days, or by both such fine and imprisonment, at the discretion of the court; proceed

« Constitutionality of this act questionable; vd. Brightly's Digest Supplement, p

614

615

616

617

618

619

620

621

622

623

624

625

626

627

628

629

630

631

632

633

634

635

636

637

638

639

640

641

642

643

644

645

646

647

648

649

650

651

652

456,

Bepeal.

Weight of bushel of cloTerseed.

Bepeal.

Weight of a bushel of ODlons.

Bepeal.

Weight of a bushel of

oats.

Bepeal.

Screening bituminous

coal before weighing, prohibited.

Tlolation of this act declared a misde- meanor.

note c.
348

PA. WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject. Provisions. Date. Reference.

Bepeal.

Appropriation to car- ry Into effect the

statute concerning

Inspectors.

Inspectors to be fur- nished with standards.

Standard weights of

Itushel.

653

654

655

656

657

658

659

660

661

662

663

664

665

666

667

668

669

670

671

672

673

674

675

676

677

678

679

680

681

682

683

684

685

686

687

688

689

690

ings to be instituted in any court of competent

jurisdiction.

All acts or parts of acts inconsistent herewith

be and the same are hereby repealed.

Be it enacted, etc., That the sum of two thousand five hundred dollars, or so much thereof as may be necessary, be and the same is hereby

specifically appropriated to the Secretary of

Internal Affairs, for the purpose of carrying

into effect section one and two of an act, entitled "An act to provide for the appointment of

inspectors by the Governor, for the cities of the

first and second class of this Commonwealth, to

inspect scales, weights and measures, and providing for their compensation" approved the

twenty -sixth day of June, one thousand eight

hundred and ninety -five.

Each inspector shall be furnished with standard weights, measures and tests, by the Secretary of Internal Affairs of this Commonwealth.

The several kinds of grain hereafter mentioned, which are now usually bought and sold

by measure, shall, from and after the passing of

this act, be regulated according to the following

standard weight per bushel, to wit : The weight

of each bushel of wheat shaU be sixty pounds

;

(of each bushel of rye or corn, fifty -eight

pounds;) of each bushel of barley, forty-seven

pounds; of each bushel of buckwheat, forty

-

eight pounds; and of each bushel of oats,

thirty -two pounds: Provided That nothing in

this act contained shall be so construed as to

prevent any person or persons from selling and

buying the several kinds of grain aforesaid by

measure.

The standard weight of rye and Indian corn

in this commonwealth shall be fifty -six pounds

for each and every bushel thereof.

1903

Apr. 11

Brightly's

Digest Supplement, p. 456.

Sec. 83.

Laws of Pa.

,

1903, p. 165. Act >o. 124

of 1903.

Sec. 1.

1S18

Mar. 10

Sec. 2.

Brightly'8 Pardon's

Digest, 12

ed., AtoL,

p. 966.

Sec. 6.

1845

Apr. 16

Sec. 7.
WEIGHTS AKD MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES. 349

PA.

Date. Provisions. Subject.

Brlslitly's Purdon's

Digest, 12

ed., A to L, |). 966.

See. 8.

Brightly's

Digest of the laws of Pa. from

1893 to 1903, p. 447, chap.

2. Sec. 16.

Sec. 17.

I

Pepper and Lewis Digest, M to Y, 1700 to 1894, col- umns 4265

and 4266.

1818

Mar. 10

1901

Apr. 24

Each and every bushel of foreign salt shall be

bought and sold by weight per bushel, in the

manner following, to wit: The weight of each

bushel of coarse salt shall be eighty -five pounds,

each bushel of ground salt, seventy pounds, and

each bushel of fine salt, sixty -two pounds : Provided nevertheless. That nothing herein contained shall be so construed as to prevent any

person or persons from selling or buying the

several kinds of salt aforesaid by measure, (y)

On and after the first day of August, Anno

Domini one thousand nine hundred and one,

each and every keg of black blasting powder

used, manufactured or sold in and around the

coal mines of this Commonwealth, shall contain

twenty -five pounds of said black blasting powder, standard weight; every one -half keg shall

contain twelve and a half pounds of said black

blasting powder, standard weight, and every

quarter keg shall contain six and one -quarter

pounds of said black blasting powder, standard

weight ; each of said kegs to be plainly stamped

with the name of the person, firm or corporation

manufacturing said powder, and also the number of pounds of powder contained in said keg.

Any manufacturer or dealer in said black

blasting powder, making or selling, or causing to

be made or sold, any keg, half -keg or quarter

keg of said black blasting powder containing

less weight of said powder than specified in this

act, shall be subject to a penalty of five dollars

for each and every keg, half -keg or quarter

keg, manufactured or sold, which does not contain the respective weights of black blasting

powder set forth in the foregoing section.

Each and every bushel of foreign salt shall

be bought and sold by weight per bushel, in the

manner following, to wit: The weight of each

bushel of coarse salt shall be eighty -five pounds,

691

692

693

694

695

696

697

698

699

700

701

702

703

704

705

706

707

708

709

710

711

712

713

714

715

716

717

718

719

720

721

722

723

724

725

726

727

728

729

Weight of kegs of

black blasting powder regulated.

Penalty.

Weight of salt per

bushel.
350 WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

PA.

Subject. Provisions. Date. Reference.

Weieht of salt per

bashel.

Weieht of salt per

barrel.

Fees for measnrlng

salt.

each bushel of ground salt seventy pounds, and

'31 each bushel of fine salt sixty -two pounds : Pro732 vided, nevertheless, That nothing herein con733 tained shall be so construed as td prevent any

734 person or persons from selling or buying the

'35 several kinds of salt aforesaid by measure.

All salt manufactured by evaporation, within

737 the limits of this commonwealth, and put in

738 packages pui'porting to be a barrel, said package

739 shall contain two hundred and eighty (280)

740 pounds of salt, and this exclusive of the weight

7« of the package.

742 By the measurer of corn and salt: In per743 forming the duties enjoined upon him by law,

744 for every one hundred bushels of corn and salt,

745 seven cents.

746 By the deputies of the said measurer, for

747 every one hundred bushels of corn which they

748 shall measure and keep an account of agreeably

749 to law, fifteen cents.

750 And for every one hundred bushels of salt

751 which they shall measm^e and keep an account

752 of, ten cents.

1818

Mar. 10

1877

|HaT.24

1821

Mar. 27

Pepper and

Lewis Digest, M to

Y, 1700 to 1894, col- umns 4265 and 4266.

1 u m n

4266.
PHILIPPmE ISLA1!^^DS.

p. I.

Eeference. Date. Provisions. Subject.

Tariff revi- sion law of 1901. Act of U. S. Philippine Co m m 1 s

- slon. Sec. 9.

Sec. 7.

Sept. 17, 1901; ef- fective

Nov. 15, 1901.

The metric system of weights and measures i as authorized by sections 3569 and 3570 of the 2 Revised Statutes of the United States, and at 3 present in use in the Philippine Islands, shall * be continued. 5 The meter is equal to 39.37 inches, « The liter is equal to 1.0567 quarts, wine ^ measure. » The kilogram is equal to 2.2046 pounds avoir- » dupois. 10 The following abbreviations shall be em- "

ployed in the tariff : 12 G. W. =gross weight. 13 N. W. =net weight. i* Hectog.=hectogram. 15 Kilo. =kilogram. le Kilos. =kilograms. 17 Hectol. =hectoliter. is

Metric system established.

Equivalents.

Abbreviations.

351 I

I

PORTO RICO.

POBTO RICO.

Date. Provisions. Subject.

1902 The metric system and the nomenclature

thereof shall obtain throughout Porto Rico.

The standard meter is the unit of standard

measure or length and surface from which all

^ other measures of extension whether lineal,

superficial, or solid, are derived and ascertained.

The meter is divided into ten equal parts

called decimeters, into one hundred equal parts

called centimeters, and into one thousand equal

parts called milimeters.

The decameter contains ten meters, the

hectometer one hundred meters, the kilometer

one thousand meters and the myriameter ten

thousand meters.

The hectare for land measure must be measured horizontally and contains ten thousand

square meters, the are contains one hundred,

square meters, and the centare one square

meter.

The standard liter and its parts are the units or standards of measure of capacity for liquids,

from which all other measures of liquids are derived and ascertained.

The liter is divided into ten equal parts called

deciliters, and into one hundred equal parts

called centiliters, and into one thousand equal

parts called milliliters.

A decaliter contains ten liters, a hectoliter

one hundred liters, and a kiloliter one thousand

liters.

The unit of cubic measure or value is the

standard cubic meter or stere, this being a cube

whose edge is one meter in length.

19150—05 23

10

11

12

13

14

16

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

26

27

28

30

31

32

33

Metrle system established.

The standard for measures of extension.

Subdivisions

multiples. and

Land measures.

The unit of capacity.

SubdlTlslous and

multiples.

Cubic measure.

353
354

PORTO BICO. WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject. Provisions. Date.

Onbic measnre. 1902

Unit of irelght.

Subdivisions

multiples. and

Contracts InrolTlng

irelghtg or measures.

Custody of the standards.

Supervision of weights and measures.

Penalties.

False freights and

measures.

Penalty for using.

34

37

38

The cubic meter or stere contains 1,000 cubic

35 decimeters; the cubic decimeter 1,000 cubic

36 centimeters, and the cubic centimeter, 1,000

cubic millimeters.

The standard gram is the unit or standard of

39 weight, from which all other weights are derived

40 and ascertained.

41 The gram is divided into ten equal parts

*2 called decigrams, into one hundred equal parts

43 called centigrams and into one hundred equal

44 parts called miligrams.

45 A decagram contains ten grams, a hectogram

46 one hundred grams, a kilogram one thousand

47 grams, a myriagram ten thousand grams, a

48 quintal one hundred thousand grams, and a

49 millier one million grams.

50 Contracts made within Porto Rico for work

51 to be done, or for anything to be sold or deliv52 ered by weight or measure, must be construed

53 according to the foregoing standards.

54 The authorized standards shall be kept in the

56 office of the Treasurer of Porto Rico and every

56 city and village shall keep a set of regulating

57 standards for purposes of verification.

58 The Treasurer of Porto Rico shall exercise

59 supervision over the system of weights and

60 measures and shall send an inspector to make

61 investigations whenever he deems it advisable,

62 The penalties for using, marking or stamping

63 false weights and measures, or selling therewith,

64 shall be as provided for in the Penal Code.

65 A false weight or measure is one which does

66 not conform to the standard established by law.

67 Every person who uses any weight or meases ure, knowing it to be false, by which use another

69 is defrauded or otherwise injured, shall be pun70 ished by imprisonment for not exceeding six

71 months or by fine not exceeding two hundred

72 dollars, or by both.
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES. 355

POKTO KU'O.

Reference. Date. Provisions. Subject.

Penal Code

of Porto

Rico, chap.

10. Sec. 482.

Sec. 483.

Sec. 484.

Every person who knowingly marks or stamps

false or short weight or measure, or false tare,

on any cask or package, or knowingly sells or

offers for sale, any cask or package so marked,

shall be punished by imprisonment for not "

exceeding six months or by fine not exceeding

two hundred dollars, or by both.

In all sales of sugar, coal, and other commodities, usually sold by ton or fractional parts si thereof, the seller must give to the purchaser s2 full weight, and any person violating this sec- tion shall be punished by imprisonment for not

exceeding six months or by fine not exceeding

two hundred dollars, or by both.

In all sales of merchandise, wares, articles of

food or drink or whatever else is purchased by

weight or measure, the seller must give to the ^9 purchaser full weight or measure, and any person violating this section shall be punished by si imprisonment not exceeding six months or by 92 fine not exceeding two hundred dollars, or by 9s both. 9*

Penalty for marking

false weights on

casks or packages.

Fall weight and measnre mast be given.

Penalty.

RHODE ISLA^TD.

R. 1.

Reference.

General

I,aws, 1896,

vol. II, p. 495, chap.

167.

Sec, 1.

Da^e.

1893

Sec. 2. Amended

Jan., 1901.

(1893) 1901

Sec. 3. 1893

Provisionf?.

The weights, measures and balances received,

from the United States, and now in the custody

of the state sealer, and such new weights, measures and balances as shall be receive 1 from the

United States as standard weights, measures

and balances in addition thereto or in renewal

thereof, shall be the authorized standards by

which all town standards of weights and measures shall be tried, proved and sealed.

There shall be a state sealer ,of weights,

measures, and balances, who shall be sworn to

the faithful performance of his duty. The person holding that office at the passage of this act

shall continue to hold the same until the first

day of February in the year A. D. 1901. At

the January session of the general assembly in

the year A. D. 1901, and in each fifth year

thereafter, the governor, with the advice and

consent of the senate, shall appoint some per- son to succeed the person then holding such

office ; and the person so appointed shall hold

his office until the first day of February in the

fifth year after his appointment. Any vacancy

which may occur in said office when the senate

is not in session shall be filled by the governor

until the next session thereof, when he shall,

with the advice and consent of the senate, appoint some person to fill such vacancy for the

remainder of the term.

The state sealer shall have the exclusive cus- tody and control of the standards so received

by the state from the United States, which

standards shall be kept in a suitable fire proof

10

12

14

15

16

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

27

28

30

81

32

Subject.

standard of weights, measures, and hal- ances established.

State sealer of

weights, m«asures, and balances.

Duties of

sealer.

357

the State
358

R. I. WETGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject. Pro's-isions. Date. Reference.

Doties of State sealer.

Set of standards for towns, when and how famished.

place to be provided by the state. He shall

have the oversight of ail the standards furnished

by the state to the various to^vns and cities, and

shall keep a complete list of the same and shall see that thej" are kept in good order and repair.

He shall also keep the standards belonging to

the state, furnished by the United States, in

perfect order, and shall keep a complete list of

the same, and shall take a receipt for the same

from his successor in office. His office shall be

kept open at least two specified days in each

week. He shall try, prove and seal all town

standards of weights, measures and balances

brought to him for that purpose, the compensation for which is hereinafter provided.

The state sealer shall fiu'nish a set of standards of weights, measui-es and balances, at such

cost as he may deem proper, to each city or town that in his judgment shall not have a suitable set, the same to be paid for by the state on

the order of the state auditor on the general

treasurer, the said set to consist as follows : one

even balance of the capacity not less than one

hundred pounds; one brass yard -gauge; five

iron dry measures, one each of the following

capacities: one-half bushel, one peck, one-half

peck, two quarts, and one quart; six iron wine

measures, one each of the following capacities:

one gallon; one-half gallon, one quart, one

pint, one -half pint, and one gill; five iron ring

weights, avoirdupois standard, one each as follows: fifty pounds, twenty -five pounds, twenty

pounds, ten pounds, and five pounds; ten brass

weights, avoirdupois standard, one each as follows: four pounds, two pounds, one pound,

eight ounces, four ounces, one oimce, one -half

ounce, one-quarter ounce, one-eighth ounce,

one -sixteenth ounce; together with a suitable case or cabinet to contain the same. He shall

1893
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES. 359

u. I.

Date. Provisions. Subject.

1893 also furnish each town and city, at the expense

of the said town or city, a portable even -balance

scale, with a set of weights and measures, to be

used by the said town or city sealer in the discharge of their duties as hereinafter provided.

The state sealer may, in the discharge of his

duties, inspect the weights, measures, balances

of any person or persons, which are used for

selling any goods, wares, merchandise or other

commodities, or for any public weighing in any

town or city in this state, and if he finds the

same to be inaccurate he shall forthwith inform

the mayor of the city or the president of the

town council, as the case may be, and such

mayor or president shall at once call the atten - tion of the town or city sealer thereto. The

state sealer shall keep a record in detail of the

towns and cities visited by him in the performance of his duties; of the weights, measures

and balances tested and sealed by him ; and he

shall annually, during the first week in December, make a report to the governor of his doings

for the year.

The sealer of the different towns and cities

shall make an inventory of the weights, measures and balances furnished by the state and

the condition of the same, on a blank prepared

for that purpose, in the month of October of

each year, and shall forward the same to the

state sealer of weights and measures.

The different town councils of the several

towns, and the boards of aldermen of the cities,

may appoint, upon the recommendation of their

respective town and city sealers, one or more

persons as deputy -sealers of their town or city,

who shall assist the said town or city sealer

and, in the absence from duty of such town or

city sealer, shall perform all the duties of town

73

74

75

76

77

78

79

80

81

82

83

84

87

88

89

90

91

92

93

94

95

96

97

98

99

100

101

102

103

104

105

106

107

108

109

110

ToTfns and cities to be furnished standards.

Inspection by the

State sealer. Rec- ord and report

thereof.

Town sealer to send

Inventory annually

to State sealer.

Deputy town sealers.
360

R. I. WEIGHTS AND MEASURES (5f THE UNITED STATES.

Subject. Provisions. Date.

Town sealer to take cliarge of the

weights, measures, and balances fur- nished by the State.

Penalty for neglect.

Town standards are

to be adjusted triennially by the State

sealer.

Town sealer to advertise annual sealing

of we 1 g h ts, etc., used in trade.

11 or city sealer as may be required of them for

12 the time being.

13 Every town or city sealer shall, at the expense

1* of his town or city, provide therein a suitable

16 place for the safe keeping and preservation of

16 the weights, measures and balances furnished

1' by the state, which shall be used only as stand

18 ards, and shall not be taken from the office.

19 He shall have the care and oversight thereof;

20 shall see that they are kept in good order and

21 repair ; and if any portion of them are lost,

22 damaged or destroyed, shall, at the expense of

23 the town or city, replace the same by similar

24 weights, measures or balances. He shall pro25 cure, at the expense of his town or city, a suit26 able set of sealing stamps for stamping dry and

•27 wine measures, with the date of the year thereon,

28 and, for coal and wood baskets, a branding iron,

29 with letters not less than one -half inch high and

30 the date of the year thereon.

31 Every town or city sealer who neglects to pro32 vide a suitable place for keeping such weights,

33 measures or balances, or suffers any of them

34 through his neglect to be lost, damaged or de35 stroyed, shall be fined the sum of not less than

36 twenty nor more than fifty dollars.

3' Every town or city sealer shall, once at least

38 in every three years, have the standard weights,

39 measures and balances in his custody tried, ad40 justed and sealed by the state sealer, who shall

41 receive as compensation therefor the sum of

42 fifteen dollars, which sum, together with the

43 necessary expenses incurred by him in perform

44 ing such service, shall be paid by the town or

45 city to which (Such set of standards belongs.

46 Every town or city sealer shall annually, at

47 the expense of his town or city, advertise or post

48 up notifications in public places in different

49 parts of his town or city, for every person en1893
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES. 361

B. I.

Date. Provisions. Subject.

1893 gaged in the trade of buying or selling, or as a public weigher, who uses weights and measures,

to bring in within a certain time, in each notification limited, being not less than one month

from the date of such notification, his weights,

measures, balances and scales to be adjusted

and sealed, and he shall forthwith adjust and

seal all weights and measures brought to him

for that purpose.

After the expiration of the time limited in the

notification which is required to be given in the

preceding section, the sealer of weights and

measures in every town or city shall visit the

places of business, and enter upon the carts,

wagons, and other vehicles then in use for

business, of all the persons engaged in the trade

of buying and selling or of selling, who have

weights, measures, or balances which have not

been sealed during the current calendar year,

and try, adjust, and seal the same. He shall go

at least once in e^ery six months to every hay

scale, coal scale, wagon scale, railroad track

scale, or platform scale or balance used in the

trade of buying and selling or of selling or for

public weighing, in his town or city, which is

not brought to him under the provisions of the

preceding section, and try, adjust, and seal the

same.

For every neglect of duty prescribed in the

next preceding section the town or city sealer

shall be fined a sum not exceeding twenty dollars and every town or city sealer who shall seal

any weight, measure or balance otherwise than

according to the town or city standard, duly

tried, proved and sealed by the state sealer,

shall be fined not exceeding fifty dollars nor

less than twenty -five dollars.

The sealer of weights and measures in any

toM^n or city shall receive a fee of three cents

Annual sealing.

Sealer to seal weights, measures, scales, and balances.

Penalty of town seal- er for neglect of duty.

Fees of town and city

sealers.
362

B. I. WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Provisions. Date. Reference.

89 for every weight, wine or dry measure sealed by

90 him at his office; he shall receive a fee\)f five

91 cents for every yard -stick or yard-measure

92 sealed by him; and for sealing every spring93 balance of a capacity less than one hundred

9* pounds he shall receive a fee of twenty -five

96 cents; for every spring -balance of a capacity of

96 one hundred and less than five hundred pounds,

97 fifty cents; for every platform scale, of a capa98 city of five thousand pounds or more, one dol99 lar ; for every balance of a capacity of less than

200 five thousand pounds, fifty cents; for every

steel -yard of a capacity of fifty pounds or less,

202 twenty -five cents; and for every steel -yard of

203 a capacity over fifty pounds, fifty cents ; every

204 scale or balance used for weighing people shall

206 be tested, and if found correct shall be sealed

206 by said sealer, and he shall receive a fee of fifty

207 cents for each and every scale or balance so

208 sealed. If any of the said scales or balances are

209 found to be incorrect, then i:hey shall be con210 demned and their use forbidden as hereinbefore

211 provided. For proving and sealing coal and

212 wood baskets he shall receive a fee of fifteen

213 cents each, and for every charcoal basket, so

214 sealed, twenty cents; he shall also have a rea216 sonable compensation for all repairs, altera

216 tions, and adjustments which it may be neces217 sary for him to make, made by him, and for the

218 expenses incurred in visiting any place, as pro

219 vided for in section twelve of this chapter.

220 Such fees and compensation shall be paid to

221 said sealer by the person owning or using the

222 weights, measures, or balances so adjusted and

223 sealed. Every person violating the provisions

224 of this section shall be fined not exceeding

225 twenty dollars for each offence, one -half thereof

226 to go to the town or city and one -half to the

227 complainant. All said fees received by any

1893 General

Laws, 1896,

chap. 167.

Sec. 14.
WEIGHTS AND MEASUKES OF THE UNITED STATES. 363

K. I.

Eeference. Date. Provisions. Subject.

ti e u e r 11 1 Lans,lH9H,

chap. 167.

Sec. 14.

1893

Sec. 15.

Sec. 16.

sealer of weights and measures of any town or

city shall be retained by him as compensation

for his services, except as hereinafter provided.

Any town or city council may at any time by

ordinance fix an annual salary for the sealer of

weights and measures of such town or city, and

in such case said fees received by him shall be

paid over by him to the town or city treasurer,

at the time or times prescribed by any ordinance

of such town or city.

No person engaged in the trade of buying and

selling shall have or permit to be kept at his

place of business or upon any cart, wagon or other vehicle used by him in carrying on his

business, any weight, measure or balance of

whatever description which is not at the time

duly sealed in accordance with this chapter, or which, having been sealed is no longer correct.

If such weights, measures or balances can be.

readily adjusted by such means as the sealer has

at hand, he may adjust and seal them; but if they cannot be readily adjusted, he shall either

seize such weights, measures and balances forth

with and destroy them, or shall affix to the same

a notice forbidding their use until he is satisfied

that they have been so adjusted as to conform

to the standards; and whoever removes said

notice without the consent of the officer affixing

the same shall for each offence be fined not less

than twenty dollars nor more than fifty dollars,

one -half to the town or city and one -half to the use of the complainant.

Every person engaged in the trade of buying

and selling, or of selling, or as a public weigher,

who shall use or permit to be used for him, or have in his possession at his place of business, or upon any cart, wagon, or other vehicle which is

used by him in carrying on his business, or upon

his person while engaged in his business, any

228

229

230

231

232

233

234

235

236

237

238

239

240

241

242

243

244

246

246

247

248

249

2S0

261

252

263

254

255

256

257

258

269

260

261

262

263

264

266

266

Salary.

Unlawful weights,

etc., are prohilitted and may be seized.

Duty of sealers.

Penalty for use of weights not sealed, and for altering

weights, etc. , af- ter same hare been

sealed.
364

R. I. WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Provisions. Date. Reference.

Penalty for fraudulent sale by weight

or measure.

Hay scales and plat- form balances.

Penalty for using same If not sealed.

267

268

269

270

271

272

273

274

275

276

277

278

279

280

281

282

283

284

285

286

287

288

289

290

291

292

293

294

295

296

297

298

299

300

301

302

303

304

305

weight, measure, balance, or scale of whatever

description, unless such weight, measure, balance, or scale shall have been duly sealed in

conformity with the provisions of this chapter,

and every such person who alters any weight,

measure, balance, or scale, after it has been duly

sealed, so that it does not conform to the United

States standard, or has in his possession any

such weight, measure, balance, scale, which has

been so altered, and every such person who shall use or permit to be used for him, or have in his

possession, as aforesaid, any weight, measure,

balance, or scale which he has refused to allow

to be examined or sealed by the sealer of weights

and measures, or deputy sealer, according to the

provisions of this chapter, or who shall use or permit to be used for him, or have in his possession any spring balance having a sliding or adjustable face-plate or index, or any measure

not made of the shape or dimensions required

by law, shall be fined the sum of twenty dollars

for each offence, one -half thereof to the use of

the town or city in which the offence shall have

been committed, and one -half thereof to the

complainant.

Every person who knowingly sells any commodity by weight or measure for a greater

quantity than is actually delivered to the purchaser thereof, shall be fined not exceeding one

hundred dollars or be imprisoned not exceeding

three months.

Every person who shall keep hay -scales or platform -balances for public use shall cause the

same to be tried and sealed at least once in six

months by a sworn sealer of weights and

measures.

Every person who shall keep hay -scales or platform -balances for public use, or shall weigh

or suffer to be weighed in such scales or bal1898

1902

Apr. 3
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES. 365

B. I.

Reference. Date. P^o^'i^ions. Subject.

1893 ances any articles of merchandise, unless such

scales or balances have been tried and sealed as provided in the preceding section, shall be fined

one hundred dollars.

Whenever the owner or keeper of such hayscales or balances shall apply to the mayor of

the city or president of the town council, as the

case may be, or to any person by him appointed

for the purpose in any town or city in which

the office of sealer of weights and measures

shall from any cause be vacant, to try such

scales or balances, and to seal the same if found

correct; such mayor, president or person so appointed shall try such scales or balances and

seal the same if found correct ; and in case of

his neglect to do so, such owner or keeper shall

be exempt from the fine prescribed in the next

preceding section.

The town councils of the several towns and

the board of aldermen of any city shall appoint

one or more persons to be weighers of coal and

other articles of merchandise, who shall be

sworn and be removable at the pleasure of the

town council or board of aldermen appointing

them, and shall receive such fees as may be

fixed by the town council or board of aldermen

of the several towns or cities, which shall be

paid by the seller: Provided^ that no person

shall act as a public weigher of coal or other

merchandise of which he is either the buyer or

seller, or in the sale whereof he has any interest.

Every person who shall sell coal or other

merchandise without its being first weighed by

a weigher provided for in section 21 of this act,

when the same shall be demanded by the pm'-

chaser, and producing a certificate of such

weight for the purchaser, shall be fined twenty

dollars for each offence.

306

307

308

309

310

311

312

313

314

315

316

317

318

319

320

321

322

323

324

325

326

327

328

329

330

331

332

333

334

335

336

337

340

341

342

843

Who to seal same, if the office of sealer

Is vacant.

Weighers of ooal and

other merchandise: how appointed;

their duties.

Penalty for selUna: of coal or other nier- ehandise unwelghed, when.
866

R. I. WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject. Provisions. Date.

Dimension)) of baskets

for sale of coal.

Sale of eoal by tlie basket.

Penalty for nonrom.

pliance iritli proTl- slons of section 23.

Legal weight of cer- tain commodities.

344

345

346

347

348

349

350

351

352

353

354

355

356

3a7

358

359

360

361

362

363

364

365

366

367

368

369

370

371

372

373

374

375

376

377

378

379

380

381

In the sale by measure of coal in quantities

less than five hundred pounds, the baskets or measures used in measuring the same shall be

of a cylindrical form of the following dimensions in the inside thereof, to wit: sixteen

inches in diameter at the top under the hoop,

and twelve and one -quarter inches in depth,

measured from the highest part of the bottom

thereof, and fourteen inches in diameter at the

bottom, each of which shall be deemed of the

capacity of one bushel ; or fourteen inches in

diameter at the top under the hoop, and nine

and one half inches in depth, measured from

the highest part of the bottom thereof, and ten

inches in diameter at the bottom, each of which

shall be deemed of the capacity of one -half

bushel. Such measures, in selling, shall be

filled level full, and every such measure shall be

sealed by a sealer of the city or town in which

the person using the same usually resides or does business. All coal sold in accordance with

this chapter shall be delivered to the purchaser

thereof in the same baskets or measures that

are used in measuring such coal.

Every vendor of coal who has in his possession a basket, box, tub, vessel or other measure

not conforming to the provisions of the preceding section, or not sealed as therein provided,

with intent to use the same or permit the same

to be used in measuring coal sold or offered for

sale, and any person who measures coal sold or

offered for sale in any basket or other measm^e

not conforming to the provisions of the preceding section and sealed as therein pro\aded, shall

be fined not exceeding twenty dollars for each

offence.

The legal weight of certain commodities in

the State of Rhode Island shall be as follows

:

1893

1900 May 4
WEIGHTS AND MBASUEES OF THE UNITED STATES. 367

R. I.

Date.

1900

Provisions. A bushel of" 382 Apples shall weigh 48 pounds.

Apples, dried, shall weigh 25 pounds.

Apple seed shall weigh 40 pounds.

Barley shall weigh 48 pounds.

Beans shall weigh 60 pounds.

Beans, castor, shall weigh 46 pounds.

Beets shall weigh 50 pounds.

Bran shall weigh 20 pounds.

Buckwheat shall weigh 48 pounds.

Carrots shall weigh 50 pounds.

Charcoal shall weigh 20 pounds.

Clover seed shall weigh 60 pounds.

Coal shall weigh 80 pounds.

Coke shall weigh 40 pounds.

Corn, shelled, shall weigh 56 pounds.

Corn, in the ear, shall weigh 70 pounds.

Corn meal shall weigh 50 pounds.

Cotton seed, upland, shall weigh 30 pounds

Cotton seed, Sea Island, shall weigh 44 *oi pounds.

Flax seed shall weigh 56 pounds.

Hemp seed shall weigh 44 pounds.

Hungarian seed shall weigh 50 pounds.

Lime shall weigh 70 pounds.

Malt shall weigh 38 pounds.

Millet seed shall weigh 50 pounds.

Oats shall weigh 32 pounds.

Onions shall weigh 50 pounds.

Parsnips shall weigh 50 pounds.

Peaches shall weigh 48 pounds.

Peaches, dried, shall weigh 33 pounds.

Peas shall weigh 60 pounds.

Peas, split, shall weigh 60 pounds.

Potatoes shall weigh 60 pounds.

Potatoes, sweet, shall weigh 54 pounds.

Rye shall weigh 56 pounds.

Rye meal shall weigh 50 pounds.

Salt, fine, shall weigh 50 pounds.

"Tliese words are repeated before the name of each commodity named in tlie original act

383

384

385

386

387

389

390

391

392

693

394

395

396

397

399

400

402

403

404

405

406

407

408

409

410

413

414

415

416

417

418

419

420

Subject.

Legal weights per

tiushel of various produce.
368

U. I.

WEIGHTS AND MEA8UEES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject. Provisions. Date.

Weight of bushel.

Barrel.

Net ton.

(iross ton.

Effect.

Sealers shall be exofficlo constables.

Uules for gauging.

421

422

423

424

425

426

427

428

429

430

431

432

433

434

435

436

437

438

439

440

441

442

443

444

445

446

447

448

449

450

451

452

453

454

455

456

457

458

459

460

Salt, coarse, shall weigh 70 pounds.

Timothy seed shall weigh 45 pounds.

Shorts shall weigh 20 pounds.

Tomatoes shall weigh 56 pounds.

Turnips shall weigh 50 pounds.

Wheat shall weigh 60 pounds.

A barrel of flour shall contain 196 pounds.

A ton of coal, net, shall weigh 2,000 pounds.

A ton of coal, gross, shall weigh 2,240 lbs.

All acts and parts of acts inconsistent herewith are repealed hereby, and this act shall take

effect from and after the first day of July, A. D.

1900.

The state sealer of weights and measures, and

the city and town sealers of weights and measures in the various cities and towns throughout

the state, shall be, by virtue of their respective

offices, special constables, and as such they shall

have power to prosecute all persons violating

the provisions of Chapter 167 of the General

Laws, and all acts in addition thereto or in

amendment thereof, and shall not be required

in such prosecutions to furnish any surety for

costs. They shall also have power to arrest

upon view without warrant, and to detain for a period of not more than twelve hours, any person found violating any of the provisions of said

Chapter 167 of the General Laws of Rhode

Island, or of any acts in addition thereto or in

amendment thereof.

This act shall take effect immediately.

All casks which shall be gauged in this state

shall be gauged by the method or rule commonly called "gauging by Gunter," computing

the gallon at two hundred thirty -one cubic

inches. Care shall be taken to ascertain, as near as may be practicable, the true average of

the head and bung diameter, also of the internal

length of the cask ; its mean diameter shall be

ascertained in accordance with the principles

1900

1896
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES. 369

R. I.

Date. Provisions. Subject.

1896 laid down in the work on the subject of gauging

by Daniel Anthony, published in Providence in

the year one thousand eight hundred seventeen.

The fees for gauging a single cask shall be

twenty -five cents ^ and for gauging any number

of casks not exceeding ten, ten cents each, and

for any number above ten, seven cents each;

the ganger who shall gauge any cask shall fairly

mark with branding irons or marking -irons on

the head or bulge of each cask the initials of his

name and the quantity of the gauge or capacity

of such cask.

Every person not holding the office of ganger,

who shall put upon any cask any gauge or other

permanent mark to denote the capacity of such

cask, or who shall exercise the office of ganger

or business of gauging, shall forfeit one hundred

dollars for each offence ; but nothing contained

in this section shall be so construed or held as

to apply to the sale of petroleum or any of its

products by weight or for exportation from the

state.

Every person who shall sell any commodity

by any gauge or gauge -mark, which shall not

have been made by a ganger appointed under

this chapter, shall forfeit the value of such

commodity sold.

The city council of the city of Providence may,

whenever they deem it expedient, appoint for

said city a gauger, who may appoint under him

such deputy -gangers as said city council may

approve, and for the official conduct of such

deputies he shall be answerable. Said gangers

shall be subject to such regulations as said city

council may establish not repugnant to law.

Nothing in this chapter shall be so construed

as to prevent the sale of any commodity under

the lawful gauge or gauge -mark of the United

States by the inspector of such commodity.

461

462

463

464

465

466

467

468

469

470

471

472

473

474

475

476

477

478

479

480

481

482

483

484

486'-

486

487

488

489

490

491

492

493

494

495

496

497

498

499

Fees for gauging; and casks, how

branded.

Penalty for fraudulent gauging.

Penalty for selling

l)y unofflrlal gauging.

(augers In Prorl- dence, liorr appointed.

Sales by U. S. gangers excepted.

19150—05 24

SOUTH CAROLINA.

8. C.

Reference.

Code of 1902,

TOl. 1, p. 624, chap.

36.

Sec. 1612.

Sec. 1613.

Sec. 1614.

(Sec. 1.) Sec. 1996.

I(Sec. 2.)

Date.

1893

(1902)

1896

(1902)

Provisions. Subject.

Weights and measures shall be regulated by

the standard fixed by the Congress of the United

States.

Such weights and measures as have been or may hereafter be furnished this State by the

government of the United States shall be kept

by the Treasurer, and said weights and measures

shall be deemed and taken to be the standard

weights and measures, by which all the weights

and measures in this State shall be regulated.

The Clerk of the Court of Common Pleas and

the General Sessions of each County in this

State shall furnish, and is required to keep in

his office, the weights and measures established

by law, which shall be the standards of all other

weights and measures in said County, and to

which any person shall have free access to test

the same; and the Governor of the State is

authorized and required to purchase such stand - ard weights and measures, out of the fines and

forfeitures incurred in their respective counties.

Be it enacted by the General Assembly of the

State of South Carolina, That the municipal

authorities of the cities and towns of this State

of not less than ten thousand inhabitants be,

and they are hereby, empowered to require all

dealers in coal to weigh all coal sold within the

limits of such cities and towns^upon the public

scales of such cities and towns and to impose a charge therefor of not more than ten cents for

each draft.

That said municipal authorities may enforce

the provisions of the foregoing Section by such

fine and imprisonment as may be now or here9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

32

33

34

Standard,

To be kept by State

treasurer.

Clerks of court to keep; same to be purchased by the

governor.

Coal to be weighed on

the public scales.

371
372

S. I'. WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject. Provisions. Date.

Welerht of cotton seed

bolted corn meal.

Weight of corn meal.

Weight of bushel of corn meal.

Sale of corn meal and

grits In bags.

Peoaltf.

1902

1882

1900

(1902) 1883 1900

1903

Feb. 23

35 after prescribed by law for the violation of the

36 ordinances of such cities or towns.

37 The weight of a bushel of cotton seed shall

3s be thirty pounds, except the seed of long staple

3» cotton, of which the weight shall be forty -two

+0 pounds ; and weight of unbolted corn meal shall

+1 be forty -eight pounds per bushel; and the

*2 weight of bolted corn meal shall be forty -six

43 pounds per bushel.

** Whereas, the practice in this State of putting

45 up and selling meal in short weight packages is

46 against the public welfare and the interests of

4< legitirdate trade

:

4s The standard weight of a bushel of corn meal,

49 whether bolted or unbolted, shall be forty -eight

50 pounds.

31 It shall be unlawful for any person or persons

52 to pack for sale, sell or offer for sale, in this

53 State, any corn meal", except in bags or pack54 ages containing by standard weight two bushels,

55 or one bushel, or one -half bushel, or one -fourth

56 bushel, or one -eighth bushel respectively. Each

57 bag or package of corn meal shall have plainly

58 printed or marked thereon whether the Meal is

59 "bolted" or "unbolted," the amount it con60 tains in bushels or fraction of a bushel, and

61 the weight: Provided, The provisions of this

62 Section shall not apply to the retailing of meal

63 direct to customers from bulk stock, when priced

64 and delivered by actual weight or measure.

65 Any person or persons guilty of violating

66 either of the foregoing Sections of this Act

67 shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and,

68 on conviction thereof, shall be punished by a

69 fine of not exceeding one hundred dollars, or

70 by imprisonment not exceeding thirty days, or

71 by both fine and imprisonment, in the discre72 tion of the Court.

"Acts of 1903 makes the provisions of this act applicable to "Grits" (see Acts of 1903, p. 126)

.
WEIGt^TB AND MEASUKES OF THE UNITED STATES. 373

S. €,

Reference.

Acts of 1903. Act So. 86.

Sec. 4.

Sec. 5.

Co<le of Laws,

South Carolina, 1902,

vol. I, art. 6, p. 021.

Sec. 1602.

Sec. 1603.

I Sec. 1604.

Date.

1903

1902

Provisions. Subject.

This Act shall be of force and effect from and

after April first, 1903.

All acts and parts of Acts in conflict with this

Act be, and the same are hereby, repealed.

All ranging timber bought or sold in the

markets of this State shall be by board or superficial measurement ; and any person or persons

who shall buy or sell ranging timber in or for

the markets of Charleston or Georgetown, or any other public market in the State, by the rule

known as "side and edge measurement," that

is to say, by adding the side to the edge, multiplying by the length, and dividing by twelve

[(side + edge) X length -f- twelve] shall be

fined for every such act of buying or selling not

less than one hundred dollars and not more than

three hundred dollars.

No timber shall be sold or purchased in the

City of Charleston by any mode of measurement

except that denominated board or superficial

measurement (unless by special contract between the parties) , which shall alone be done

by the Inspectors or Surveyors of timber in the

City of Charleston.

The City Council of Charleston and the Town

Councils of Beaufort, Port Royal, and Georgetown, shall each elect annually, for their respective municipalities, one or more Inspectors and

Surveyors of Timber, who, before entering upon

the duties of his or their office, shall severally

execute a bond to the said Council, in the penalty of two thousand dollars, with good sureties,

for the faithful performance of the duties of his or their office ; and shall also take and subscribe

the following oath, to wit: "I, A. B.,do solemnly swear (or affirm, as the case may be,) that

I will faithfully perform all the duties of Inspector and Surveyor of Timber in the City of

Charleston (or town of , as the case may

73

74

7.5

76

77

78

79

80

81

82

83

84

85

86

87

88

89

90

91

92

93

94

95

96

97

98

99

100

101

102

103

104

106

106

107

108

109

ii;>

111

Effect.

Repeal.

irules for measuring

timber and lumber.

"Side and edge

measurement" Il- legal.

No timber to be sold except by board measure.

Inspectors elected

annually.
374

s. c. WEIGHTS AND MEASUK^S OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject. Provisions. Date.

Oath of Inspector.

Inspectors to measure timber as herein directed.

Lumber to be Inspect- ed by licensed

measurers.

Fees.

112

113

114

115

116

117

118

119

120

121

122

123

124

125

126

127

128

129

130

131

132

133

134

135

136

137

138

139

140

141

142

143

144

145

146

147

148

149

150

be), as prescribed by the Act of General Assembly providing for the same: So help me

God." And said bond shall be recorded in the

office of the Secretary of State, and shall be

liable to suit at the instance of the State of South

Carolina, or of the individuals suffering loss by

the violation of the provisions of this Chapter.

It shall be the duty of the said Surveyors and

Inspectors to measure all timber in the manner

aforesaid brought for sale to the City of Charles - ton, at the request of any person owning or buying the same, and shall give a certificate to

such person, specifying the quality, and kind,

and quantity of such timber, and the number of

pieces in each lot; which certificate shall be

evidence of the matters stated therein, as between the owner and purchasers thereof. But

nothing herein contained shall prevent any per- son or persons from buying or selling timber in

bulk without measurement.

All timber and lumber brought to market for

sale at the ports of Charleston, Port Royal,

Beaufort, and Georgetown, shall be measured

and inspected by one of the licensed measurers,

selected by the seller and buyer jointly; and

the measurer so selected shall be entitled individually to the fee earned by him; and the

manner of inspection and classification of both

timber and lumber shall be such as may be

agreed upon between the buyer and seller.

Should the buyer fail to agree to the selection

of a measurer, then the measurement and inspection and classification may be made by any

official measurer. The fees to be received by the measurers shall

not exceed the following rates, viz: ten (10)

cents per thousand feet for all square, hewn, or round timber ; ten (10) cents per thousand feet

for all lumber measured by bulk measurement

1902
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES. 375

s. c.

Date. Provisions. Subject.

1902 in rafts; and twenty -five (25) cents per thousand feet for all lumber measured and inspected

by the piece ; the expense of measuring fees to

be equally divided between the buyer and seller.

The custom of making a deduction from the

actual weight of bales of unmanufactured cotton

as an allowance for breakage or draft thereon is

abolished ; and all contracts made in relation to

such cotton shall be deemed and taken as referring to the true and actual weight thereof without deduction; and no tare shall be deducted

from the weight of such bales of cotton except

the actual weight of the bagging and ties used

in baling said cotton ; and whenever it shall be

agreed between the buyer and seller to deduct

tare on cotton bales it shall be as follows : For

bales of cotton covered with seven yards of

standard cotton bagging and six iron ties the

actual tare shall be, and is hereby, fixed at sixteen pounds, and for bales of cotton covered

with seven yards of standard jute bagging and

six iron ties the actual tare shall be, and is

hereby, fixed at twenty -four pounds ; and when

buyer and seller agree to sell at net weight, and

when bales of cotton are covered with seven

yards of standard cotton bagging and six iron

ties, the actual tare shall be, and is hereby, fixed

at sixteen pounds, and when bales of cotton are covered with seven yards of standard jute bagging and six iron ties, the actual tare shall be,

and is hereby, fixed at twenty-four pounds.

It shall be unlawful for any cotton buyer to

refuse to accept any bale of cotton, after he has

bought the same by sample thereof, weighing

over three hundred pounds, provided same cor- responds in quality with sample bought by.

Upon the petition of fifty or more qualified

electors, who are growers of cotton and who

reside within five miles of any place in which

151

152

153

134

155

156

167

158

159

160

161

162

163

164

166

166

167

168

169

170

171

172

173

174

175

176

177

178

179

180

181

182

183

184

186

186

187

188

18i)

Tare on cotton prohibited.

Cotton hales^fveierliing not lexs tliaii 300

pounds made merchantable.

When public cotton

welgliers m a y be

elected.
376

s. c. WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject. Provisions. Date. Reference.

Cotton weighers to take oath and gire bond. Compensation.

Duties of weigher.

there may be a cotton market, the County Board

191 of Commissioners of that County shall annually

192 elect one or more public cotton weighers for

193 said, cotton markets, whose term of office shall

191 be for one year and until the election and quali195 fication of his or their successor or successors.

196 Before entering upon the duties of his office,

197 each cotton weigher shall be legally sworn to

198 discharge the duties of the position, by some

199 officer authorized to administer oaths, and shall

enter into bond in the sum of three hundred

201 dollars for the faithful performance of his duty,

202 which bond shall be approved by the County

203 Board of Commissioners and filed with the

204 Clerk of the Court of Common Pleas and Gen205 era! Sessions for the County in which said cot206 ton market or markets may be situated. Each

207 weigher shall receive as compensation for his

208 services not more than ten cents for each bale

209 weighed by him, to be fixed by the Commis210 sioners, the same to be paid in equal proportion

211 by the seller and buyer, except in those markets

212 where the weigher may be paid by individuals

213 or corporations, at which markets the seller

214 shall pay nothing : Provided, That such weigher

215 in the County of Florence shall receive as

216 compensation for his services not more than six

217 (.06) cents for each bale weighed by him, and

218 to be paid as herein provided.

219 It shall be the duty of each weigher to pro220 vide a platform and scales with ample facilities

221 for handling cotton with speed and at minimum

222 cost, at which platform or platforms all cotton

223 sold in said market or markets shall be weighed.

224 It shall be the duty of each weigher to weigh

225 fairly and promptly aU cotton sold in said mar226 ket or markets, issuing his own ticket, showing

227 the weight of each bale or package of cotton

228 weighed. It shall be his further duty to adjust

Code of Laws, Sooth Carolina, 1902,

art. 2, p. 601.

1896 1900

Sec. 1553.

P. 605.

1896

1901 Sec. 1554,
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES. 377

s. c.

Reference.

Code of Laws,

South Carolina, 19U2,

vol. 1, art.

2, p. 605.

Sec. 1664.

Date.

1896

1901

Sec. 1665. 1896

1998

Provisions.

any difference between sellers and buyers as to

moisture and mixed or false packing. In case

of inability from sickness or other cause, and

from the first day of March to the first day of

September of each year, a weigher may appoint

a deputy, who shall take, before entering upon

his duties, the usual oath of the office in the

manner required for the weigher. The elected

weigher shall be responsible on his bond for the

official acts of his deputy. Each weigher or his

deputy shall devote his exclusive attention to

the duties of his office during the cotton marketing season. Each weigher shall test his

scales once a month by the standards in the

office of the Clerk of Court as provided by law

Provided, That the County Board of Commissioners may, for good and sufficient cause shown, remove any such public cotton weigher

from his office, after first giving such weigher

at least ten days' notice to show cause why he

should not be removed ; and shall have power

to fill any vacancy occurring in the office of

public cotton weigher, at the first regular meeting of the said Board after such vacancy occurs. The provisions of sections 1553 and 1554 shall

not apply to sales made on plantations or at cotton mills; nor to the Counties of Charleston,

Greenwood, Laurens, Berkeley, Chester, Spartanburg, Aiken, Horry, Edgefield, Georgetown,

Richland, Saluda, Beaufort, Lancaster, Abbeville, York, Newberry, Kershaw, Lexington,

Oconee, nor to the town of Liberty, in Pickens

County, or to Anderson township in Anderson

County : Provided, That the provisions of said

Sections shall apply to the city of Sumter as follows : Three public weighers shall be elected for

the city of Sumter by the County Board of Commissioners, one of whom shall be recommended

by the City Council, and their term of office

229

230

231

232

233

234

235

236

237

238

239

240

241

242

243

244

245

246

247

248

249

250

251

262

253

254

255

266

257

268

259

260

261

262

263

264

265

266

267

Subject.

Deputy weigher.

Exceptions to sections 1653 and 1654.
378

s. c.

WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject. Provisions.

Cotton Tfelgher for

city of Sumter.

Special prOTlsioii for the tOTni of Honea

Path.

shall be one for a term of two years and one for

•269 a term of three years, one for a term of four

years to be determined by lot: Provided, That

271 no person shall be voted for or elected a cotton

272 weigher who is related within the sixth (6)

degree by blood or marriage to one or any of the

2<4 County Board of Commissioners. The cotton

275 weighers shall be required to mark and number

276 each bale of cotton as indicated by tags of buy277 er, and keep the cotton of each buyer together

27S in order to facilitate prompt shipment. No cot

279 ton shall be allovred to remain on the platform

280 more than five days except upon being subject

281 to a charge of one cent per bale, per day; and

282 cotton left on platform for any time to be at the

283 owner's risk. The platform for cotton weigh

284 ers shall be furnished by the County and shall

285 have a capacity of 5,000 bales, and the scales on

286 said platform shall be approachable from at least

287 two sides. The weighers as aforesaid shall

288 render to the County Commissioners a monthly

289 statement of the cotton weighed, and shall pay

290 to the County Treasurer one cent per bale for

291 all cotton weighed by them for the use of the

292 platform: Provided, further, The Mayor or

293 Intendant of an incorporated town in Green

294 wood County, upon petition of twenty -five

295 farmers who live in a radius of five miles, and

296 who are freeholders, shall order an election to

297 be held on the first Saturdaj^ in August of each

298 year for cotton weigher, and he shall declare the

299 candidate receiving the highest number of quali300 fied electors weigher for one year from day of

301 election. All farmers who sell cotton at said

302 depot shall be allowed to vote, provided they

303 reside in Greenwood County.

304 Upon the petition of twenty -five, or more,

305 qualified electors, who are growers and buyers

306 of cotton, or cotton growers or cotton buyers.

Date.

1899
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES. 379

S. C.

Reference. Date. Provisions. Subject.

Codeof Laws,

South Carolina, 1902,

TOl. 1, art.

2, p. 605.

Sec. 1556.

resident within five miles of Honea Path, the s"' Town Council of said town shall, within thirty sos days after the receipt of said petition, provide 309 for and annually conduct an election, and in the 3i» usual manner of elections in said town, for a public cotton weigher for said town, whose 312 term of office shall be for one year, and until the 313 election and qualification of his successor. At 314 such election all the only cotton growers and 315 cotton buyers who are qualified electors and re - 316 side within a radius of five miles of the depot in

said town, shall be entitled to vote; the said 318 Town Council shall declare the result of said 319 election, and the person receiving the highest 320 number of votes shall be the public cotton 321 weigher for said town, and he shall receive as 322 compensation for his services not exceeding five 323 cents per bale for every bale of cotton weighed, 324 one -half to be paid by the buyer and one -half 325 by the seller ; such weigher shall finally adjust 326 and settle all differences or disputes between 327 buyers and sellers as to proper deductions to be 328 allowed from water, dampness, damaged cot- 329 ton, or any false packing; and the said weigher 330 shall test the scales every morning before 331 weighing cotton, so as to insure accuracy. In 332 case of inability from sickness or other cause, 333 the said weigher may appoint a deputy, who 334 shall take, before entering upon his duties, the 335 usual oath of office in the manner required of 336 the weigher. Before entering upon the duties 337 of his office, said cotton weigher shall be legally 338 sworn to discharge the duties of his position by 339 the Intendant of the town of Honea Path, and 340 shall enter into bond in the sum of three hun- 34i dred dollars for the faithful performance of his 342 duty, which bond shall be approved by the Town 343 Council of Honea Path, and filed with the Clerk 344 of the Court of Common Pleas for Anderson 345

Cotton weigher for Honea Path.

Compensation.
380

s. c.

WEIGHTS AND MEASURES .OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject. Provisions. Date. Reference.

Special provision as

to the election of cotton weighers in Pickens and Oconee

Counties.

Weighers to give

bond, compensation of.

Duties of ivelghers.

346

347

348

349

3.50

3.51

352

353

354

355

3.56

357

358

359

360

361

362

363

364

365

366

367

368

369

370

371

372

373

374

375

376

377

378

379

380

381

382

383

384

County. The elected weigher shall be responsible on his bond for the official acts of his

deputy.

There shall be annually elected by the qualified

voters of Pickens C. H. township, Easley township, and Liberty township, respectively, in

Pickens County, and Seneca township, in Oconee County, a cotton weigher for Pickens, one

for Easley, and one for Liberty, and one for

Seneca in Oconee County. Such weigher shall

be duly sworn to discharge the duties of the

position by some officer authorized to administer

an oath. The election of such weigher shall be

on the third Saturday in August, 1899, the polls

to open at 10 a. m. and close at 5 p. m. at each

of the said towns, and on the third Saturday in

August each year thereafter. The Town Council of each of said towns, respectively, shall

appoint three men as managers of said election,

and shall give notice of the time and place of

holding the same at least ten days before the

day of said election.

The said weighers shall respectively enter into

bond to the Town Council of his town in the

sum of three hundred dollars for the faithful

performance of his duties, which bond shall be

approved by and filed with the said Town Coun -

cil of the said Towns in said Counties ; and said

weigher shall receive as compensation for his

services ten cents per bale for each bale weighed

by him, the same to be paid in equal proportions by the buyer and seller.

It shall be the duty of the said cotton weigher

to provide scales and ample facilities for handling cotton sold and weighed. It shall be the

duty of the said weigher to weigh all cotton

brought to his town for sale fairly and promptly,

issuing a ticket therefor, which shall show the

weight of each bale. It shall be his further

1899
"WEIGHTS AND MEASUEES OF THE UNITED STATES. 381

s. c.

Date. Provisions. Subject.

1899 duty to adjust any differences between buyers sss and sellers as to moisture, mixture or false pack- sse ing. In case of disability, by sickness or other ss? cause, the said weigher may appoint temporarily sss a deputy, who shall take the usual oath of office 389 before a Magistrate previous to entering upon 89o his duty. 391 When any false weighing or omission of duty 392 on the part of any one of said weighers occurs, 393 whereby either buyer or seller suffers loss or is 394 injured, such weigher and his bondsmen shall be 395 held liable to the extent of such loss or injury. 396 This section shall not apply to purchasers or 397 weighers of cotton for the Easley Cotton Mills, 898 in the town of Easley, nor to purchasers or 399 weighers of cotton for the Pickens mills, in the 4«o town of Pickens. *«i The County Commissioners of Lancaster

County are authorized and directed to order *03 elections to be held in the towns of Lancaster, *»* Heath Springs, and Kershaw, in Lancaster *06 County, on the second Tuesday in August, 1899, *06 and every two years thereafter, for the purpose *«7 of electing a public cotton weigher for each of

said towns, respectively; and said Commis- *09 sioners shall make such rules and regulations 4i« for the government of such elections as to them

shall seem proper ; they shall also fix the com - *i2 pensation to be received by each of said cotton 413 weighers, said compensation not to exceed five 41* cents per bale for each bale of cotton weighed *i6 by any one of them. Said Commissioners shall *i6 3anvass the votes polled at said elections, declare

said elections, and issue a commission to the *i8 person declared elected: Provided, That no "9

person elected public cotton weigher under the *2« provisions of this section shall receive a com- *2i mission to enter upon the discharge of his duties *22 as such public cotton weigher until he has en- *23

Liability of Trelghers.

Exceptions.

Election for cotton weigher In Lancaster (bounty.
^382

s. c.

WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject. Provisions. Date.

Cotton weigher In Lancaster County.

Quantity of flour In barrel.

City council of Charleston to regulate

sale of grain.

(iauglng of certain liquors sold In Charleston. Ap- pointment and

term of gauger.

424

425

426

427

428

429

430

431

432

433

434

435

436

437

438

439

440

441

442

443

444

445

446

447

448

449

450

451

452

453

454

455

4.56

457

458

459

460

461

462

tered into a good and sufficient bond, with two

or more sureties, in the sum of one thousand

dollars, payable to said Commissioners, and

conditioned for the faithful performance of his

duties as such cotton weigher, said bond to be

approved by said Commissioners. Any other

person than a duly elected and commissioned

cotton weigher, charging or receiving any sum

or sums of money or other valuable consideration for weighing cotton in cotton in said

County of Lancaster, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor, and upon conviction thereof shall be

fined a sum not exceeding one hundred dollars, or imprisonment for a term not exceeding thirty

days. The said commissioners are authorized

to fill any vacancy caused by the death or resignation of any cotton weigher elected under the

provisions of this Section by appointment.

Every barrel submitted for inspection as aforesaid shall contain such quantity of flour or meal

as upon inspection shall be found to be of

the net weight of one hundred and ninety -six

pounds; and each and every half -barrel shall

contain such quantity as shall be of the net

weight of ninety -eight pounds; and the said

Inspector shall cause all barrels ox half barrels

containing a less quantity to be made of full

weight at the expense of the owners thereof.

The City Council of Charleston shall have full

power and authority to regulate and control the

sale of grain by measurement or weight, or both,

sold within the corporate limits of the city, in

such manner as will insure a fair, equal and

uniform sale and measurement of the same.

All oils, molasses, syrups, wines, vinegar and

liquors, (not domestic) sold in the City of

Charleston, either by the hogshead, pipe, puncheon, barrel, cask, keg or tank, shall, before their

delivery, be gauged by a sworn Gauger, elected

1902
WEIGHTS AND MEASUEES OF THE UNITED STATES. 383

s. c.

Eeference. Date. Provisions. Subject.

Code of Laws,

South Carolina, 1902,

TOl. 1, art. 5, p. 619.

Sec. 1596.

1902 by the City Council of Charleston, whose term

of office shall be for four years.

Every barrel of pork or beef packed and sold

in this State shall contain thirty gallons and two *66 hundred pounds weight of wholesome, wellcured meat in the same, which shall be weighed *68 by the packers, and well packed with salt and *69 pickle, each piece not to weigh more than eight

pounds, and not to be cut or mangled further

than to take out the kernels or where the bones

require it, and not more than two heads in one

barrel of pork. No beef's heads or shanks shall

at all be packed.

size and contents of pork and beef barrels.

SOUTH DAKOTA.

S. DAK.

Date.

1903

Provisions. Subject.

A bushel of each of the articles enumerated

in this section shall consist of the number of

pounds avoirdupois respectively affixed to each,

viz

Barley, forty -eight pounds.

Beans, sixty pounds.

Bran, twenty pounds.

Buckwheat, forty -two pounds.

Beets, sixty pounds.

Broom corn seed, thirty pounds.

Corn, shelled, fifty -six pounds.

Corn in the ear, seventy pounds.

Clover seed, sixty pounds.

Lime, eighty pounds.

Coal, stone, eighty pounds.

Flax seed, fifty -six pounds.

Oats, thirty-two pounds.

Onions, fifty-two pounds.

Potatoes, Irish, sixty pounds.

Potatoes, sweet, forty-six pounds.

Peas, sixty pounds.

Rye, fifty -six pounds.

Salt, eighty pounds.

Turnips, sixty pounds.

Timothy seed, forty -two pounds.

Wheat, sixty pounds.

Spiltz, forty -five pounds.

A ton of hay shall consist of two thousand

pounds; or, by measurement, three hundred

and forty -three cubic feet, after the same shall

have been stacked thirty days, or such time as may be agreed upon between the parties.

19150—05 25

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

32

Legal weights of the

bushel.

Ton of hay, cubic measure.

385
386

S. DAK. WEIGHTS AND MEASUEES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject. Provisions. Date.

Perch of masonry.

Standards of weights and measures to be kept by state treas- urer. Capacity.

Length.

Weight.

Scales and balances.

County commissioners may purchase

duplicates.

34

35

36

37

38

39

40

41

42

43

44

45

46

47

48

49

50

51

52

53

54

55

56

57

58

59

60

61

62

63

64

65

66

67

68

69

70

71

A perch of mason work or stone is declared

to consist of twenty -five feet cubic measure.

The Treasurer of this state shall procure and

keep in his office at the capitol of the state the

following standards of weights and measures,

which shall conform in every practical particular to the United States standards of weights

and measures, to -wit: One bushel, one -half

bushel, one peck, one -half peck, one quart, one

wine gallon, one wine half gallon, one wine

quart, one wine pint, one wine gill. Said

measures shall be made of copper or other

suitable and substantial material; also one sur- veyor's chain thirty -three standard feet in

length, one yard measure, one foot measure,

and one inch measure; also one one -hundred

pound weight, one fifty pound weight, one

twenty -five pound weight, one ten pound

weight, one one -pound weight, one half-pound

weight, one quarter -pound weight, one oneeighth of a pound, one one -sixteenth of a pound

or one -ounce weight, one set of apothecaries'

weights from one pound to one grain, one set

of troy weights from one pound to one grain

;

besides such other scales, beams and balances as

shall be necessary to test other weights by these

standards; which measures, scales, weights,

beams and balances, are hereby declared to

be the legal standards of weights and measures for this state. The said state treasurer

shall be charged with the custody and accountable to the state for the proper use and care of

the same. Said standards shall be used only

for testing the standards provided for in section

3170, and said treasurer shall keep a record of

all county weights, measures, beams and bal- ances marked and tested by him.

The county commissioners of each county are hereby authorized to purchase such duplicates i

1903

1885

1885
WEIGHTS AND MEASUKES OF THE UNITED STATES. 387

S. DAK.

Eeference. Date.

Revised

Political

Code, 1903,

chap. 27,

p. 575,art.

33.

Sec. 3170.

(1903) 1885

Sec. 3171. 1886

Provisions.

of the above enumerated weights and measures

as they may deem necessary for the use of their

respective counties in carrying out the following

provisions of this article, which duplicates shall

be paid for by the county and delivered to the

sheriff, who is hereby declared to be the sealer

of weights and measures for the county, and

may appoint such deputies as he may consider

necessary in different parts of the county, who

shall possess the same powers and perform the

same duties under this article as the sheriff may,

and may furnish such deputies with duplicates

as the county commissioners may be willing to

provide for their separate use, or may allow

them to use those provided for himself. Each

and every such sealer and deputy sealer of

weights and measures shall give a bond to the

county of not less than double the cost of the

duplicates furnished him, conditioned that he

will safely keep and care for such duplicates,

and in good condition will turn them over to

his successor, and upon said bond shall take

and subscribe an oath of office substantially the

same form as that administered to other county

officers.

The sheriff as ex -officio sealer of weights and

measures shall in the month of July in each

year test by his duplicates all scales, weights

and measures found by him in his county, used

as provided in section 3172 and shall give the

person in charge thereof a certificate of the cor- rectness thereof, if found to be correct; and if found to be incorrect, he shall cause the same

to be made correct if it can so be done, and if not, he shall mark the same "condemned."

He shall keep a record of all such certificates

issued by him and of all his transactions under

this article. For testing any measure, weight

or scale as provided in this section he may

72

78

74

76

76

77

78

79

80

81

82

83

84

85

8()

87

88

89

90

91

92

93

94

95

96

97

98

99

100

101

102

103

104

106

106

107

108

109

110

Subject.

County standards.

Sealer.

Bond required.

Sheriff to test weights and measures.
388

S. DAK. WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject. Provisions. Date.

Fee.

Kinds and quantities

of food, etc., sold irithout standard weights and measures.

Complaint on viola- tion of law.

m

112

113

114

115

116

117

118

119

120

121

122

123

124

12.5

126

127

128

129

130

131

132

133

134

135

136

137

138

139

140

141

142

143

144

145

146

147

148

149

charge the owner or person in charge the sum

of fifty cents: Provided, that when any scale

is tested the certificate shall cover the weights

used with scale, and the sealer shall not be

allowed to charge more than fifty cents for testing each scale and its several weights.

The county commissioners of each county

shall prescribe, by resolution to that effect,

what kinds and quantities of goods, wares, merchandise, grain, live stock and j^roduce may be

sold or exchanged with or without the use of

the standard weights and measm^es and tested

scales, and may amend such resolution at any

regular meeting, which resolution and amendments shall be entered in the minutes of their

meeting and published as part of their proceedings ; and it shall be unlawful for any person,

firm or corporation, by themselves or any representative, to use any scale, weight or measure

for computing the quantity of any goods, wares,

merchandise, grain, live stock or produce to be

bought or sold 1)}^ him or them in any greater

quantity than that allowed by the board of

county commissioners of the county without

having the same conform to the standard provided for by this article, and having the same

tested as provided for in section 3171, or under

the conditions named in 3174.

Any person believing any dealer is violating

any of the provisions of this article or any subsequent resolution of the board of county commissioners made by authority hereof, may make

complaints in writing to any sealer or deputy

sealer and deposit with him five dollars, setting

forth the particular facts of such violation, and

that he has reason to believe that the same are

true. Upon such complaint such sealer or his

deputy shall forthwith test the scale, weights or measures respecting the matter complained of,

(1903) 1885
WEIGHTS MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES, 389

S. DAK.

Date. Pro-sTsions.

(1903) 1885 by his duplicates, and if found to conform

thereto he may convert the five dollars so deposited by the complainant to his own use as his fees for such service. If he finds that any

of the matters complained of be true he shall

return the five dollars to the complainant, and

it shall be his duty to forthwith arrest the person in charge of such scales and bring him to

trial before any justice of the peace in the

county; and upon conviction such person,

whether the owner or not, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor and punishable in the discretion

of the court. In all such cases the sealer or deputy sealer making the test shall make and

swear to the complaint in court and shall be

entitled to the same fees as allowed officers

making arrests upon a warrant, besides the sum

of one dollar for making the test. Any sealer

may upon his own view of violation of the provisions of this article or any subsequent resolution made by the board of county commissioners

of his county by authority hereof, arrest and

bring to trial such offender in the manner above

provided.

It shall be the duty of every person, firm or corporation who desires to use any scale, weight

or measui'e for computing the quantity of any

goods, wares, merchandise, produce, grain or

live stock to be bought or sold by him or them

in greater quantity than those provided in the

resolutions of the county commissioners of his

county, to send by mail a notice to any sealer

to test such scales, weights or measures, and it shall be the duty of any sealer receiving such

notice to test such scale, weights or measures

within ten days, and during such time before

the same are tested the same ma.j be used for

such purpose, and the user shall be liable only

for damages in a civil action.

Subject.

50

51

52

53 'Arrest.

54 !

56

Srocedare.

Duty of dealer to haye

weights, measures, and scales tested.
390

S. IIAK. WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject. Provisions. Date.

When act takes effect.

False weights and

measures.

U e t a i II ! II g false weights and measures.

Seizing false weights and measures.

Procedure.

189

190

191

192

193

194

195

196

197

198

199

200

201

202

203

201

205

206

207

208

309

210

211

212

213

214

215

216

217

218

219

220

221

222

223

224

225

226

227

This article, as to sections 3170, 3171, 3172,

3173, and 3174 shall take effect and be in force

in each county in this state upon a resolution

to that effect adopted by a majority of the board

of county commissioners thereof.

If any person with intent to defraud, use a

false balance, weight or measure, in the weighing or measuring of anything whatever that is

purchased, sold, bartered, shipped or delivered,

for sale or barter, or that is pledged or given in

payment, he shall be punished by fine not ex- ceeding one hundred dollars nor less than five

dollars, or by imprisonment in the county jail

not more than thirty days, or by both such fine

and imprisonment, and shall be liable to the

injured party in double the amount of damages.

Every person who retains in his possession any

weight or measure, knowing it to be false, unless

it appears beyond a reasonable doubt that it was

so retained without intent to use it, or permit it to be used in violation of the last section, shall

be punished as therein provided.

Every person who is authorized or enjoined

by law to arrest another person for a violation

of sections 659 and 660, is equally authorized

and enjoined to seize any false weights or measures found in the possession of the person so

arrested, and to deliver the same to the magistrate before whom the person so arrested is re- quired to be tat en. The magistrate to whom any weight or measure is delivered, pursuant to the last section,

shall upon the examination of the accused, or if the examination is delayed or prevented, without

awaiting such examination, cause the same to be

tested by comparison with standards conformable to law, and if he finds it to be false, he shall cause it to be destroyed, or to be delivered to

the state's attorney of the county in which the

(1903) 1885

1903
WEiaHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES. 391

S. DAK.

Reference. Date. Provisions. Subject.

Revised Penal Code, 1903,chap.

50, p. 1171.

Sec. 662.

Sec. 663.

Sec. 664.

Sec. 665. 1893

accused is liable to indictment or trial, as the a-^s interests of justice in his judgment require.

Upon the conviction of the accused, such 230 state's attorney shall cause any weight or meas- 231 ure in respect whereof the accused stands con- 232 vieted, and which remains in the possession or 233 under the control of such state's attorney, to be 234 destroyed. 235 Every person who knowingly marks or stamps 236 false or short weight or false tare on any cask 237 or package, or knowingly sells or oifers for sale 238 any cask or package so marked is guilty of a 239 misdemeanor. 240 Any person, firm, company or corporation 241 nnvphasinf*" cvain in thp Statp of Sontb T)akot9, 242 who shall take or keep a greater number of 243 pounds for a bushel than that established by law 244

is guilty of a misdemeanor. 245

Destruction of false weights or measures.

Fraudulent stamps,

tare or pacliaere.

Standard bushel of grain.

Dockage a misde- meanor.
» I
TEIS'NESSEE.

TENN.

Date. Provisions. Subject.

1856-6

1867-58

C. 55.

The standards of weights and measures in

this state shall be the same as those adopted by

the government of the United States, in accordance with the joint resolution of congress, approved June 24, 1836, copies of which are in the

care of the superintendent of weights and meas - ures, in the capital; that is to say:

(1) The standard of length, a copy of a brass

scale in the office of weights and measures in

Washington, one yard or thirty -six inches in

length, at the temperature of sixty -two degrees

Fahrenheit.

(2) The standard of liquid measures, a gallon

containing two hundred and thirty -one cubic

inches such as are shown on the subdivisions of

the yard.

(3) The standard of dry measure, a bushel

containing two thousand one hundred and fifty

and forty -two hundredths of such cubic inches.

(4) The standard of weights for the precious

metals, jewels, etc., a copy of the troy pound of

the United States mint, containing five thousand seven hundred and sixty grains ; the stand - ard of commercial weights, the avoirdupois

pound, containing seven thousand of such

grains.

He (the Superintendent of the Capitol) shall

take charge of the standard weights and measures which have been received from the general

government, and keep them in the room in the

capitol which has been assigned for the purpose, and use every precaution for the perfect

preservation of the same.

On his resignation, removal from office, or

s

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

32

33

34

Standjird of ivelghte and measures.

Length.

Liquid meaiiure.

Dry measure.

weight.

Standards, who to

Iteep.

Custody In vacancy.

393
394

TETfN. WEIGHTS AND MEA8UEES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject. Provisions. Date.

State standards, liovr used.

County-standards.

County standards,

liow used.

County standard

keeper and sealer.

IVliere to reside.

Oath.

35

36

37

38

39

40

41

42

43

44

4.5

46

47

48

4S

50

51

52

53

54

55

56

37

58

59

60

61

62

63

64

65

66

67

68

69

70

71 Corporation standard

keeper.

removal from the seat of government, he shall

deliver the state standards to his successor, or

to the secretary of state.

The state standards shall not be used except

for the adjustment of county and city standards

and scientific purposes.

The governor shall cause to be made, under

the direction of the superintendent, a set of

standard weights and measures for each county

of the state, in conformity to said state standards, and the superintendent shall adjust and

verify them thereby as often as necessary.

The county standards are not to be used

except for the adjustment and verification of

the substitutes which the governor shall cause

to be made, imder the direction of the superintendent, and furnished to the order of the

county court of each county in the state, together with suitable balances, brands, stamps,

and other apparatus necessary for the office of a county sealer of weights and measures.

There shall be a standard keeper and sealer

of weights and measures in each county of the

state, who shall be appointed by the county

court, and hold his office during the pleasure of

the court.

He shall live at the county toM^n, or as near

thereto as a person well qualified can be

procured.

He shall take the following oath : "I, , do solemnly swear that I will not stamp or seal

any weights or measures but such as shall, as near as possible, agree with the standards in

my keeping; and that I will, in all things, duly

and faithfully discharge the trust reposed in

me, to the best of my skill and judgment. So

help me God."

The corporate authorities of any city or town

1857-58

C. 55
WEIGHTS AND MEASUEES OF THE UNITED STATES. 395

TEX\.

Date. Provisions. Su'bject.

may appoint a standard sealer and keeper of

weights and measures for such city or town,

procuring and having verified suitable standards,

at the expense of such corporation; and said

officer shall have the same power and authority

as the county standard keeper and sealer.

It shall he his duty

(1) To take charge, and to use every precaution for the perfect preservation, of the standards furnished by the state, so as to avoid

touching them with the hand, and any soiling,

abrasion, or other injury thereto.

(2) To use the standards to adjust and verify

the substitutes or copies furnished him, and for

no other purpose.

(3) To adjust the substitutes or copies at

least once a year.

(4) To adjust and verify all weights, measures, and other apparatus used for weighing

and measuring, that may be brought to him for

the purpose by and in conformity with the said

substitutes.

(5) To brand or mark with the letter T and

the current year, such weights, measures, balances, and other apparatus, as, upon trial or adjustment shall be found correct.

(6) To prove patent balances, steelyards, platform scales, and other balances having poise,

with correct weights up to five hundred pounds.

(7) To advertise each year, at the courthouse

door, where he may be found with his apparatus

for proving and sealing.

(8) On vacating his office, to deliver to his

successor, or to the presiding officer of the

county court, or chief officer of the city or town,

as the case may be, all the standards and apparatus of his office.

On the death of a standard keeper and sealer,

his personal representative, or other person

73

74

75

7B

77

78

79

80

81

82

83

84

85

86

87

88

89

90

91

92

93

94

95

96

97

98

99

100

101

102

103

104

105

106

107

108

109

110

111

Duties.

Duties of standard

keeper.

On death, standards

to be delivered to whom.
396

TEiXN. WEIGHTS AND MEASUEES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject.

Use of seals.

Apparatus nheii not

sealed. Limits of

Table of weights and

measures.

Provisions.

Legal weiglits of barrels or busliels of various produce.

112

113 lU

115

116

117

118

119

120

121

122

123

124

125

126

127

128

129

130

131

132

133

134

135

136

137

138

139

140

141

142

143

144

146

146

147

148

149

into whose hands the standards and apparatus

of his office may come, shall deliver the same

to his successor, or to the presiding officer of

the county court, or chief magistrate of the city or town.

No person, except the standard keeper and

sealer, shall use a seal, brand or mark, such as

is above directed, for marking and sealing.

No apparatus used for weighing shall be sealed

which shall not weigh accurately within onefourth of a pound in one hundred.

The following shall be the legal and uniform

standard of weights and measures in this state

for the sale and purchase of the following named

products of the farm, orchard, and garden, and

articles of merchandise, to wit:

Apples, green, shall be 2i bush, per bbl.

Apples, green, shall be 50 lbs. per bush.

Apples, dried, shall be 24 lbs, per bush.

Apple seed shall be 40 lbs. per bush.

Barley shall be 48 lbs. per bush.

Beans, dried, shall be 60 lbs. per bush.

Beans, green, in pods, shall be 30 lbs.

bush.

Beans, green, in pods, shall be 2^ bush,

bbl.

Beans, castor, shall be 46 lbs. per bush.

Beef, net, shall be 200 lbs. per bbl.

Beets shall be 50 lbs. per bush.

Blackberries shall be 48 lbs. per bush.

Blackberries, dried, shall be 28 lbs. per bush.

Blue grass seed shall be 14 lbs. per bush.

Bran shall be 20 lbs. per bush.

Broom corn seed shall be 42 lbs. per bush.

Buckwheat shall be 50 lbs. per bush.

Cabbage shall be 50 lbs. per bush.

Canary seed shall be 60 lbs. per bush.

Carrots shall be 50 lbs. per bush.

per

per

Date.

1887

Mar. 28

Reference.

Code, 1896,

part 1, title 3, cliap. 8,

p. 235.

See. 580.

Sec. 581.

Sec. 582.

Code, 1886,

pp. 794-5.

Sec. 3475.
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES. 897

TEXi\.

Eeference. Date. Provisions. Subject.

Code, 1896,

pp. 794-5.

Sec. 3475.

1887 Cement shall be 80 lbs. per bush. 150 Charcoal shall be 22 lbs. per bush. 151 Cherries, with stems, shall be 56 lbs. per bush. 152 Cherries, without stems, shall be 64 lbs. per 1-53 bush.

Chestmits shall be 50 lbs. per bush. 155 Clover seed, red and white, shall be 60 lbs. per i5« bush. 157 Coal, stone, shall be 80 lbs. jDer bush. i58 Coke shall be 40 lbs. per bush. 159 Corn, shelled, shall be 56 lbs. per bush. leo Corn, in the ear, shucked, shall be 70 lbs. per lei bush. 162 Corn, in ear, with shucks, shall be 74 lbs. per les bush. 164 Corn, green, with shucks, shall be 100 lbs. i65 per bush. lee Corn, green, with shucks, shall be 2J bush, le? per bbl. 168 Corn, matured, with shucks, shall be 5 bush. i69 per bbl. uo Corn, pop, shall be 70 lbs. per bush. 171 Cornmeal, unbolted, shall be 48 lbs. per bush. i<2 Cornmeal, bolted, shall be 50 lbs. per bush. 1-3 Cotton seed shall be 28 lbs. per bush.

' Cucumbers shall be 48 lbs. per bush. i'5 Fish shall be 200 lbs. per bbl. "6

Flax seed shall be 56 lbs. per bush. i"

Flour shall be 196 lbs. per bbl. i^s Gooseberries shall be 48 lbs. per bush. 179 Grapes, with stems, shall be 48 lbs. per bush, is" Grapes, without stems, shall be 60 lbs . per bush . isi Hair, plastering, shall be 8 lbs. per bush. is2 rnOTYi Y~\ iic^cxf] QnQli no Inc: t^ai* l"^nGn iss XitJiliJJ ot;t;Ll o-ULdll UK: ttt: 1 Uo . Utrl U llfeii . '^^ Hickory nuts shall be 50 lbs. per bush. is* Hominy shall be 62 lbs. per bush. iss Horse radish shall be 50 lbs. per bush. 186 Hungarian seed shall be 48 lbs. per bush. is?

Legal weights per

barrel or bushel of rarious produce.
398

TENS. WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject. Provisions. Date. Reference.

Leeal weights per

barrel or "bushel of various produce.

188

189

190

191

192

193

194

195

196

197

198

199

200

201

202

203

204

205

206

20<

208

209

210

211

212

213

215

216

218

219

220

221

222

223

226

Land plaster shall be 100 lbs. per bush.

Lime, nnslacked, shall be 80 lbs. per bush.

Lime, slacked, shall be 40 lbs. per bush.

Liquids shall be 42 gals. p6r bbl.

Melon, cantaloupe, shall be 50 lbs. per bush.

Melon, cantaloupe, shall be 2^ bush, per bbl.

Millet, German, seed, shall be 50 lbs. per

bush.

Millet, Missouri, shall be 50 lbs. per bush.

Millet, Tennessee, shall be 50 lbs. per bush.

Oats seed shall be 32 lbs. per bush.

Onions, button sets, shall be 32 lbs. per bush.

Onions, matured, shall be 56 lbs. per bush.

Onions, top buttons, shall be 28 lbs. per bush.

Orchard grass seed shall be 14 lbs. per bush.

Osage orange seed shall be 33 lbs. per bush.

Parsnips shall be 50 lbs. per bush.

Peaches, matured, shall be 50 lbs. per bush.

Peaches, dried, shall be 26 lbs. per bush.

Pears, matured, shall be 56 lbs. per bush.

Pears, dry, shall be 26 lbs. per bush.

Peanuts, 23 pounds.

Peas, dry, 60 pounds.

Peas, green, in hull, shall be 30 lbs. per bush.

Peas, green, in hull, shall be 2^ bush, per bbl.

Pieplant shall be 50 lbs. per bush.

Plums shall be 64 lbs. per bush.

Pork, net, shall be 200 lbs. per bbl.

Potatoes, Irish, shall be 60 lbs. per bush.

Potatoes, Irish, shall be 2^ bush, per bbl.

Potatoes, sweet, shall be 2^ bush, per bbl.

Potatoes, sweet, shall be 50 lbs. per bush.

Quinces, matured, shall be 48 lbs. per bush.

Pas^Dberries shall be 48 lbs. per bush.

Redtop §eed shall be 14 lbs. per bush.

Rye seed shall be 56 lbs. per bush.

Rye grass (Italian) seed shall be 20 lbs. per

bush.

Sage shall be 4 lbs. per bush.

1887 Code, 1896.

Sec. 3475.
WEIGHTS AND MEASUEES OF THE UNITED STATES. 399

TENN.

Reference. Date. Provisions. Subject.

Code, 1896,

p. 795.

Sec. 3475.

1887

Sec. 3476. 1895 May 7

Sec. 3477.

Salads, turnips, kale, shall be 30 lbs. per bush.

Salads, mustard, spinach, shall be 30 lbs. per

bush.

Salt shall be 50 lbs. per bush.

Sorghum molasses shall be 12 lbs. per gal.

Sorghum seed shall be 50 lbs. per bush.

Strawberries shall be 48 lbs. per bush.

Timothy seed shall be 45 lbs. per bush.

Tomatoes shall be 56 lbs. per bush.

Turnips shall be 2J bush, per bbl.

Turnips shall be 50 lbs. per bush.

Velvet grass seed shall be 7 lbs. per bush.

Walnuts shall be 50 lbs. per bush.

Wheat shall be 60 lbs. per bush.

A barrel, dry measure, is by law fixed at five

bushels ; and proof of a different custom in the

neighborhood cannot alter the law. 4 Hum.,

106.

It shall be unlawful to buy or sell any of the

products of the farm, orchard, or garden, or articles of merchandise, mentioned in section 3475,

except in strict accordance with the standard of

weights and measures provided therein ; and it shall be unlawful to dock any of the articles

mentioned in said section, delivered in good

condition and marketable form, on account of

keg or barrel, without allowing value of same.

Any person violating this section, or any part

thereof, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor, and

shall be fined not less than five dollars nor more

than fifty dollars for each offense.

Every person keeping any store, grocery,

warehouse, merchant mill, commission house,

railroad depot, or any scales or apparatus for

weighing or measuring for the public, shall,

once in each year, have the weights, measures,

and other apparatus used by him proved and

sealed.

227

228

229

230

231

232

233

234

235

236

237

238

239

240

241

242

243

244

245

246

247

248

249

250

251

252

253

254

255

256

257

258

259

260

261

262

263

264

Violation a misde- meanor; penalty.

Apparatus to be

proved and sealed

yearly.
400

TEMV. WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject. Provisions. Date.

Peiialtv for iiearlect.

Tnsealed apiinratusI>ruliil)ited.

Treble damagres

costs. and

Surveyor's chains.

Metric system lea Ized.

Tables of weights and

measures.

26

•2B9

270

271

283

281

28.5

286

287

265 For every neglect to comply with this pro266 vision, the delinquent shall be liable to a penalty

of five dollars, to be recovered before a justice

of the peace, one -half to the use of the town

or county, the other half to the person who

sues therefor.

Every person not enumerated in section 3477,

272 who shall use weights, measures, or other ap-

'^<3 paratus in buying or selling which have not

been once sealed as required by law, shall be

2'5 subject to a penalty of one dollar and costs,

2'6 recoverable as above.

If any person use such weights, measures,

278 and apparatus which have not been sealed ac279 cording to law, or which have been altered after

2«o being sealed, whereby any person shall be de281 frauded, he shall be subject to an action at law,

282 in which the person defrauded shall recover

three times the amount of damages and costs.

Every surveyor shall have the chains or other

measures used by him in conformity with the

standard.

It shall be lawful throughout the United

288 States of America to employ the weights and

289 measures of the metric system, and no contract

290 or dealing or pleading in any court shall be

291 deemed invalid or liable to objection because

292 the weights or measures expressed or referred to

293 therein are weights or measures of the metric

294 system.

295 The tables in the schedule hereto annexed

296 shall be recognized in the construction of con297 tracts, and in all legal proceedings, as estab298 lishing, in terms of the weights and measures

299 now in use in the United States, the equivalent

300 of the weights and measures expressed therein

301 in terms of the metric system; and said tables

302 may be lawfully used for computing, determin303 ing, and expressing, in customary weights and
WEIGHTS AND MEASUKES OF THE UNITED STATES. 401

TE>>:.

Date. Provisions. Subject.

measures, the weights and measures of the

metric system."

The secretary of the treasury shall furnish

each state, to be delivered to the governor

thereof, one set of the standard weights and

measures of the metric system for the use of

the states respectively. (Act of Congress, July

27, 1866, sec. 1; 14 Stat., 369; 2 Bright, 553.)

The sealer of weights and measures is entitled to demand and receive, for sealing, fifteen

cents.

The fees of a standard keeper and sealer of

weights and measures shall be as follows

1. For proving and sealing- each balance beam,

patent balance, platform scales, steelyards, or

other weighing apparatus, requiring less than one hundred pounds to test SO 10

2. For such as require from one hundred to five hundred pounds to test 25

3. For such as require five hundred pounds or more

to test 50

4. For proving and sealing each yard measure 05

5. For proving and sealing each capacity measure of

less than one gallon 05

6. Of one gallon or more 10

7. For proving or sealing each weight or poise of

less than ten pounds 05

8. Of ten pounds or more 10

He may also charge a reasonable compensation for labor and materials employed in making

or attempting to make such weights, measures,

or balances as are not correct, conform to the

standards ; and he may retain such weights and

measures as are brought to him for adjustment

until his fees are paid.

He shall also have a reasonable compensation

for leaving his office to prove, seal, or adjust

weights or measures not brought there for that

purpose, said compensation to be fixed by the

quarterly court of each county.

"Here followed the tables of the metric system with the equivalents in denominations

United States laws, lines 190 to 217. 19150—05 26

305

306

307

308

309

310

311

31-2

313

311

31.5

316

317

31S

319

3-20 321 322

323 324

Metric system fur- nished States.

Scliednle of fees.

Beasonable compensation for correct- ing weights and

measures.

327 328

329 330

331

332

333

331:

335

336

337

Learlng offlce.

310

341

342

343 1

in use at present. See
402

TENS. WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject. Provisions. Date.

Appropriation. 1896

false balance, weight,

or measure.

Forfeited.

Contents of flour barrel.

lobacco scales, and

Inspection thereof.

Measures.

Salt and Sugar, sell- ing by marks.

344 The county court may appropriate moneys as follows :

(14) For weights and measures.

If any person, with intent to defraud, have

3*8 in his possession, or use, any false balance.

34.3

346

347

349 weight or measure in any business, trade, or

transaction, it shall be a misdemeanor.

351 The magistrate granting the warrant of arrest

352 for the offense described in the last section,

353 shall also direct the seizure of the false weights,

354 balances, or measures; and if they are found to

355 be false, they shall be forfeited to the county,

356 and, after being made of the standard weight or

357 measure, may be sold and the money paid to the

358 county treasury.

359 Every packer of flour or kiln -dried meal shall

360 put into a barrel the full quantity of one hun361 dred and ninety -six jDounds of flour, and into

362 every half barrel the full quantity of ninety

363 eight pounds of flour.

364 The proprietor will keep good and sufficient

365 scales for weighing tobacco, which shall be

366 tested at the beginning of each tobacco year, and

367 every three months thereafter, by the keeper

368 and sealer of weights for the county, and at the

369 time when written application is made by two

3J0 or more planters or burghers.

371 Millers shall keep in their mills the following

372 sealed measures : One half bushel, one peck, and

373 proper toll dishes for each measure.

37* Any person selling salt or sugar by the barrel,

375 sack, or bag, purporting by the marks or brands

376 to contain a certain number of pounds or bushels,

377 when in fact the quantity falls short of the

378 amount designated, shall forfeit ten cents for

379 each and every pound or deficiency, to any per380 son who will sue therefor ; but nothing in this

a List of objects includes (14) which concerns the subject of weights and measures

^ Of tobacco warehouses.
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OP THE UNITED STATES. 403

TENN.

Date. Provisions. Subject.

1887

391

39-2

section shall be construed to prevent the sale of ssi salt or sugar by the mark or brand, if the purchaser is willing to buy by such mark or brand, ass At every coal or other mine in this state, ss* where coal or other minerals are mined by weight 385 or measure, the miners, or a majority of those

present at a meeting called for that purpose, ss? shall have the right to employ a competent person ass as check weighman or check measurer, as the

case may require, who shall be permitted at all 390 times to be present at the weighing or measur

ing of coal, also have power to weigh or meas

ure the same, and, during the regular working 393 hours, to have the privilege to balance and ex- 394 amine the scales or measure the cars ; Provided, 395 That all such balancing or examination of scales 39c shall only be done in such way and in such time 397 as in no way to interfere with the regular work - 398 ing of the mines; and he shall not be considered 399 a trespasser during working hours while attend - 400 ing to the interest of his employers, and in no *<»i manner shall he be interferred with or intimidated by any person, agent, owner, or miner;

and any person violating these provisions shall

be held and deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, 405 and, upon conviction thereof, he shall be pun- *06 ished by a fine of not less than twenty dollars

and not exceeding one hundred dollars or im- ^os prisoned, at the discretion of the court. *09 It shall be a further duty of check weighman *io or check measurer to credit each miner with all *ii merchantable coal or other mineral mined by ^12 him, on a proper sheet or book kept by him "3

for that purpose. When differences arise be- *i* tween the check weighman or check measurer *i5 and the agent or owners of the mine, as to the 4i<5 uniformity, capacity of scales or cars used, the i'? same shall be referred to the mine inspector of *i8

402

403

Duties of check

TTeighmnn,

Further duties; dif- ferences how set- tled.
404

TENN. WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF TEE UNITED STATES.

Subject. Provisions. Date.

Penalty for Incorrect Tveighiug or measuring.

Barrel and half barrel.

Flour barrel, liow to be made.

the district where the mine is located, whose

*2o duty it shall be to regulate the same at once

;

*2i and, in the event of said scales or cars proving

to be correct, then the party or parties applying

423 for the testing thereof to pay or bear all costs

424 and expenses thereof, but, if not correct, then

425 the owner or owners of said mine to pay the

426 cost and charges of making said examination.

427 It is no interference or intimidation for the

428 mine owner to threaten to close down his mine

429 unless the miners discharge their check weigh

430 man.

431 Should any weighman, agent, or cheek meas432 urer, whether employed by operators or miners,

433 knowingly or wilfully adopt or take more or less

434 pounds for a bushel or ton than is now provided

435 for by law, or wilfully neglect the balancing or

436 examining of the scales or cars, or knowingly

437 and wilfully weigh coal with an incorrect scale,"

438 he shall be guilty of a misdemeanor, and, upon

439 conviction thereof, shall be imprisoned in the

440 county jail for not less than three months.

441 Weighman employed by the mine owner is

442 subject to the penalty, at least when the

443 miners do not all expressly agree to the in444 correct method of weights.

445 Each barrel shall contain not more than thirty

446 gallons, and each half barrel fifteen gallons.

447 Casks intended to contain flour or meal for

448 exportation shall be made of good seasoned

449 materials, tightened with ten hoops, sufficiently

450 nailed with four nails in each chime hoop, and

451 three nails in each bilge hoop, and shall be of

452 the following dimensions: the staves of the

453 barrel shall be twenty -seven inches long, and

454 the heads seventeen inches in diameter; and

455 the half barrel shall be one half the capacity of

456 the barrel.

1887

1858 1859-60
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES. 405

TENJT.

Reference. \ Date. Provisions. Subject.

Code of Tenn e s s e e

,

1896, p. 1644. Sec.6736(l).

Sec. 6740.

P. 1645.

1896 It shall be a misdemeanor: *57 For any person with intent to defraud, falsely *'^» to alter any stamp, brand, or mark on any cask, 459 package, box, or bale containing merchandise or *6o produce, made by a public of&cer appointed for ^ei that purpose, in order to denote the quality, -tea weight, or quantity of the contents thereof. *63 If the owner or superintendent of cotton gin

or tobacco establishments of any kind in Ten- 465 nessee, shall place any wood, iron, rocks, dirt, *66 or other substance, into any bale of cotton, *67 hogshead or package of tobacco, when packed

or baled, for the purpose of adding to the

weight thereof, or shall cause the same to be *7o done by others, such person or persons so offending shall be deemed guilty of a felony, and 4'2 subject to indictment -as in other cases of felony, 473 and, upon conviction thereof, shall suffer impiibonmeuL in me peuiieniiaiy oi me state, lor a period not less than two nor more than five

years, and shall also pay a fine of five hundred

dollars, to be paid into the treasury of the state.

Misdemeanor to alter brands.

Penalty for conceal- 1ns iron, Ktone,

etc., in bales of cotton or packages

of tobacco.
i il
TEXAS.

TEX.

Date. Provisions. Subject.

1846 May 7

1901

Apr. 18

(1895) 1901

The standard of weights and measures adopted

and used by the goverment of the United States

is hereby declared the only legal standard of

weights and measures in this state.

That article 5323 Title CIX of the Revised

Civil Statutes of the State of Texas, adopted

at the Regular Session of the Twenty -fourth

Legislature 1895, be and the same is amended

so that it shall hereafter read as follows

The following shall be the legal number of

pounds per bushel : wheat, sixty pounds ; corn

shelled, fifty-six pounds ; corn in the ear, shucked, seventy pounds; unshucked, in the ear, seventy-two pounds; oats, thirty-two pounds;

barley, forty -eight pounds; rye,, fifty -six

pounds; buckwheat, forty -two pounds; white

beans, sixty pounds; Irish potatoes, sixty

pounds; sweet potatoes, fifty -five pounds;

onions, fifty-seven pounds; turnips, fifty-five

pounds; dried apples, twenty-eight pounds;

dried peaches, twenty-eight pounds; bran,

twenty pounds; Hungarian grass seed, forty

eight pounds; hemp seed, forty-four pounds;

flax seed, fifty-six pounds; stone coal, eighty

pounds; charcoal, twenty-two pounds; salt,

fifty pounds ; clover seed, sixty pounds ; timothy

seed, forty-five pounds; cotton seed, thirty-two

pounds ; millet seed, fifty pounds ; peaches, fifty

pounds; tomatoes, fifty-five pounds; apples,

forty -five pounds.

The fact that no standard weight is now

established for certain fruits and vegetables, and

the time for marketing the same will soon

arrive, creates an emergency and imperative

public necessity that the constitutional rule re -

8

9

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

32

33

34

35

Legal standard.

Standards for ireights and measures.

AVelght per bushel.

407
408

TEX. WEIGHTS AND MEASUEES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject. Provisions.

Governor to procure

standards.

And furnish copies to counties.

Commissioner of agriculture may sell.

Counties to pay for same.

License to make and

vend.

quiring bills to be read on three several days be

suspended, and this act take effect and be in

force from and after the passage, and it is so enacted.

The governor, shall procure, if necessary, at

the expense of the state, a set of weights and

measures in conformity with the standard used

by the government of the United States, and

cause the same to be deposited with the treas- urer of the state, by him to be safely kept.

The governor is authorized to cause correct

copies of such weights and measures to be made

under such appropriate seal as he may adopt,

and to deliver or cause to be delivered, after the

inspection and approval of some competent person by him appointed for that purpose, a full

set of such weights and measures to the county

judges of the several counties, on their application, and at the cost and expense of their re- spective counties.

The commissioner of agriculture, insurance,

statistics and history is hereby authorized to sell

sets or parts of sets of standard weights and

measures, heretofore manufactured in accordance with articles 5323 and 5325 of the Revised

Statutes, at the present cost of manufacturing.

When such copies have been made it shall be

the duty of the several commissioners' courts

to appropriate a sufficient amount of money to

enable the county judges of the respective counties to pay for and procure a full set thereof for

the use of their counties, and said county judges

shall take charge of and keep the same.

The commissioners' courts of the several

counties are authorized and directed to grant a

license to such suitable person or persons as they may think proper to make and vend weights

and measures agreeing with the standard furnished by the governor, under such rules and

Date.

1901

1858

Feb. 13

1889

1846 May 7

Reference.

General

Iiaws,cliap. 108.

Sec. 2.

Revised

Statutes, 1895, p. 1092.

Art. 6324.

Art. 5325.

Art. 5326.

Art. 5327.

Art.
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES. 409

TEX.

Date. Provisions. Subject.

1S46

1858

Feb. 13

regulations as they may think proper to prescribe ; provided, however, that no such weights

and measures shall be sold or distributed unless

the same have been first examined and approved

by the commissioners' courts, or some competent person under their direction and approval.

Any person desirous of having his weights and

measures tested may have the same done by

applying to the county judge, who, if he finds

them correct, shall seal them with a seal to be

provided by the commissioners' court for that

purpose, on which shall be the capital letter "T"

and also the letter with which the name of the

county begins.

Any person who shall sell by sliij weight,

balance or measure that does not correspond to

and agree with such copies, or who shall keep

the same for the jDurpose of buying or selling

thereby, shall forfeit and pay the sum of ten

dollars for every month he may continue to keep

the same, one -half of which shall go to the

county in which such offence shall have been

committed, and the other to the county judge,

and it shall be his duty to sue for the penalty

incurred by the commission of every such offense

before some court of competent jurisdiction.

If the county judge shall fail to sue for any loi such penalty within three months after the same 102 shall have been incurred, any other person may

sue therefor and recover one -half thereof for

his own use and the other half for the use of

the county.

Nothing in the two preceding articles contained shall be construed to affect any provision los of the Penal Code relating to the use of false 109 weights and measures, nor shall a recovery of "o

any forfeiture by civil action relieve an offender m

from criminal prosecution or an action for dam

79

80

81

83

86

89

90

91

94

95

96

98

99

100

103

104

105

106

107

ages resulting therefrom.

112

113

Testing and stamping."

False Tvelghts measures. and

Private Informer may

recover, when.

Forfeitures merely

cumulative.
ill

is
UTAH.

UTAH.

Date. Provisions.

1898

Jan. 1 The standard of weights and measures adopted

and used by the government of the United States

is hereby declared the only legal standard of

weights and measures of this state.

The state auditor shall be ex officio state

sealer of weights and measures, and shall procure and have the care and custody of the

authorized public standard of ' weights and

measures. He shall try and prove by such

standards all weights and measures, scales and

beams, which may belong to any county, and

be sent or brought to him for that purpose by

the county sealer, and shall seal such, when

found to be correct, by stamping upon them the

letter U with a seal which he shall have and

keep for that purpose.

The county clerk of each county shall be ex

officio the sealer of weights and measures for

the county, and shall have the care and custody

of the county standards. He shall procure at

the expense of the county, when not already

provided a full set of weights and measures,

scales and beams, which he shall cause to be

tried, proved, and sealed by the state standards,

under the direction of the state auditor.

The several county sealers shall try and prove

all weights and measures, scales and beams,

when requested by the owners thereof, or by

any other person, so to do, and upon the payment to them of the fees prescribed by law,

and when the same are found or made to con- form to the legal standards, they shall seal and

mark such weights and measures with a seal to

be kept for that purpose.

•20

21

22

23

24

25

2G

27

28

29

30

31

32

33

34

Subject.

United States stand- ard governs.

State sealer, datles.

County sealer.

Standards.

Duties.

411
412

ITAH. WEIGHTS AND MEASUEES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Provisions. Date.

False standards, short weight or measure.

Fees of county sealers.

35

36

37

38

39

40

41

42

43

44

45

46

47

48

49

50

51

52

53

54

55

56

57

58

59

60

61

62

63

64

65

66

67

68

69

70

71

72

73

74

Any person dealing in any article of produce

or merchandise who shall himself or by his

agent or employee nse any weight or measure

other than the standard herein specified, or who shall himself or by his agent or employee

give short weight or measure or less than the

full quantity of any article sold, shall be liable

for each offense to a fine in any sum less than

three hundred dollars, and for all damages ac- cruing for such offense to the party injured.

County sealers shall collect for the use of the

county the fees prescribed by law.

(The following is part of Sec. 972 relative to

the fees for sealing weights and measures :

)

For examination, testing, sealing, and certifying as required from the owner of the same,

to wit

:

For any steelyard, beam, ground, floor, platform, counter, or other scales, by which maybe

weighed not exceeding one hundred pounds,

seventy five cents.

For any such instrument by which may be

weighed over one hundred pounds and less than

six hundred pounds, one dollar.

Over six hundred pounds, one dollar and fifty

cents.

For any nests or sets of weights, seventy -five

cents.

For any yard stick, dry, or liquid measure,

twenty-five cents.

And the weights attached to any scale shall, as to the compensation of the sealer of weights

and measures, be considered as part of the

scales: Provided that where any such weights,

measures, or instruments, upon subsequent ex- amination, be found correct and shall not re- quire to be stamped a second time, the aforesaid

sealer of weights and measures shall not receive

more than one -half the compensation provided

for.

1898
WEIGHTS AND MEASUEES OF THE UNITED STATES. 413

UTAH.

Date. Provisions.

1898 The sealer of weights and measures shall ex- amine and test any of the beforementioned

instruments for weighing or measuring, on application of any person who shall tender him

the fee which he is hereinbefore authorized to

receive, and he shall, in every case where he

may employ labor or material in making accurate weights or measures, be entitled to extra

compensation therefor, and to retain the article

upon which such labor or material has been

employed, until such compensation be paid.

Nothing in this title shall be construed to

curtail or in any manner abridge the powers of

municipal corporations to make such regulations

for the trying and proving of weights and meas - ures, scales and beams, as are granted to such

corporations by the laws of this state.

A false weight or measure is one which does

not conform to the standard established by the

laws of the United States of America.

Every person who uses any w^eight or measure, knowing it to be false, by which use another

is defrauded or otherwise injured, is guilty of a misdemeanor.

Every person who knowingly marks or stamps

false or short weight or measure, or false tare,

on any cask or package or car, or who knowingly sells or offers for sale any cask or package

or other article so marked, is guilty of a misdemeanor.

In all cases of coal, hay, and other commodities usually sold by the ton or fractional part

thereof, the seller must give to the purchaser

full weight, at the rate of two thousand pounds

to the ton; and in all sales of articles which

are sold in commerce by avoirdupois weight, the

seller must give to the purchaser full weight, at

the rate of sixteen ounces to the pound; and

any person violating any provision of this sec- tion is guilty of a misdemeanor.

75

76

77

78

79

80

81

82

83

84

85

80

87

88

89

90

91

92

93

94

95

96

97

98

99

100

101

102

103

104

105

106

107

108

109

110

111

112

113

114

Subject.

Articles to be held for

fee.

Municipal powers not

abridged.

False weights or measures defined.

Using false weight or measure.

Marking false weight

or measure; sale.

Giving short weight.
414

UTAH. WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject.

Metric system to be taught.

Measurement of air.

Duties of State engineer.

Fees to he paid In State treasury.

t'nbic foot per second,

legal standard.

Mine owners to pro- vlde scales for

weighing coal.

Provisions.

The Metric System shall be taught in the

public schools of the State.

The quantities of air in circulation" shall be

ascertained with an anemometer, or other efficient instrument; such measurements shall be

made by the inside foreman or other competent

person at least once every week, A report of

these air measurements shall be forwarded to

the mine inspector, together with the statement

of the number of persons employed in each district, on or before the twelfth day of each month

for the preceding month.

The state engineer shall make, or cause to be

made, measurements and calculations of the

discharge of streams, from which water shall be

taken for beneficial purposes, commencing such

work upon those streams which are most used

for irrigation or other purposes.

All moneys received by the State Engineer in

accordance with section 10 of this act, shall be

paid by him into the state treasury on the first

Monday of January, April, July and October,

respectively.

A cubic foot of water per second of time,

which shall be known as a second -foot, shall be

the legal standard for the measurement of water

in this state, both for the purpose of determining the fiow of water in natural streams, and for

the purpose of distributing water therefrom.

The owners, agent, or operator, of every coal

mine in this State, at which the miners are paid

by weight, shall provide at such mines suitable

and accurate scales of standard manufacture for

the weighing of all coal which shall be hoisted

or delivered from such mines ; provided, that

when coal is weighed in the miner's car, such

car shall be brought to a standstill on the scales

before the weight is taken.

In coal mines.

Date.

1901

189S

Reference.

Constitution of Utah,

art. 10. Sec. 11. Laws ofUtah,

1901, p. 86.

Sec. 9. Paragraph 9.

P.142,chap.

125.

Sec. 5.

Sec. 11.

Sec. 12.

Revised Statutes, Utah,

1898, chap.

3, p. 392.

Sec. 1529.
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES. 415

UTAH.

Date. Provisions. Subject.

1898 The owner, agent, or operator of such mine

shall require the person authorized to weigh the

coal delivered from said mine to be sworn before

some person having authority to administer an

oath, to keep the scales correctly balanced, to

accurately weigh and to correctly record the

gross or screened weight to the nearest ten

pounds of each miner's car of coal delivered

from such mine, and such oath shall be kept

conspicuously posted at the place of weighing.

The record of the coal mined by each miner

shall be kept separate, and shall be opened to

his inspection at all reasonable hours, and also

for the inspection of all other persons pecuniarily interested in such mine.

In all coal mines in this state the miners employed and working therein may furnish a competent check weighman at their own expense,

who shall at all proper times have full right of access and examination of such scales, machinery, or apparatus, and of seeing all measures,

and weights of coal mined and accounts kept of

the same; provided, that not more than one

person on behalf of the miners collectively shall

have such right of access, examination, and inspection of scales, measures, and accounts at

the same time, and that such persons shall make

no unnecessary interference with the use of

such scales, machinery, or apparatus. The

agent of the miners as aforesaid shall, before

entering upon his duties, make and subscribe to

an oath before some officer duly authorized to

administer oaths, that he is duly qualified and

will faithfully discharge the duties of check

weighman. Such oath shall be kept conspicuously posted at the place of weighing.

Any person, company, or firm having or using

any scale or scales for the purpose of weighing

the output of coal at mines so arranged or con -

1.53

154

loo

156

157

158

159

160

161

162

163

164

165

166

167

168

169

170

171

172

73

74

175

176

177

178

179

180

181

182

183

184

185

186

187

190

191

Weigher to be

sworn. Record of coal mined.

iUiners may furnish check weighman.

Duties and powers.

Fraudulent weighing

a misdemeanor.
416

UTAH. WEIGHTS AKD MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject. Provisions. Date.

Incorrect weighing of

coal.

Penalty for failure to comply with provisions.

Coal mine inspector

to examine scales.

To lieep record of

ra e a s u r e ni e II t of streams.

192

193

194

195

196

197

198

199

200

201

202

203

204

205

206

207

208

209

210

211

212

213

214

215

216

217

218

219

220

221

222

223

224

225

226

227

228

229

structed that fraudulent- weighing may be done

thereby, or who shall knowingly resort to or employ any means whatsoever by reason of

which such coal is not correctly weighed or re- ported in accordance with the provisions of this

chapter; or any weighman or check -weighman

who shall fraudulently weigh or record the

weights of such coal, or connive at or consent to

such fraudulent weighing, shall be deemed

guilty of a misdemeanor.

Any person, owner, or agent operating a coal

mine in this state who shall fail to comply with

the provisions of this chapter, or who shall obstruct or hinder the carrying out of its requirements, shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor

;

provided, that the provisions of this chapter

shall apply only to coal mines in which ten or more miners are employed in a period of twenty - four hours.

It shall be the duty of the coal mine inspector, in addition to his other duties, to examine all scales used at any coal mine in the state

for the purpose of weighing coal taken out of

such mine ; and on inspection, if found correct,

he shall notify the owner or agent of any such

mine that such scales are incorrect; and after

such notice it shall be unlawful for any owner

or agent to use or suffer the same to be used,

until such scales are so fixed that the same will

give the true and correct weight. Any persons

violating the provisions of this section shall be

deemed guilty of a misdemeanor.

It shall be the duty of the state engineer to

keep a full and complete record of all measurements of streams and all other valuable information in relation to irrigation matters of the

state that may come to his knowledge in the

discharge of his official duties.

1898
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES. 417

UTAH.

Reference. Date. Provisions. Subject.

JteTised Stat- utes Utah, 1898,chap.

8. p. 552.

Seel 2457.

1898 The state engineer shall, free of charge, give ^so any information desired by any person as to the 231 proper method of measuring water or of con- 232 structing apparatus for such measurement upon 233 proper application being made ; and shall give 234 special instructions to all watermasters as to 235 measurements of water, so as to secure a just 236 distribution of the same. 237

To give information

as to measurements

of water.

19150—05 27
I
VERMONT.

TT.

Date. Provisions. Subject.

I860

1797

The standard of weights and measures shall

be the standard adopted by the government of

the United States.

The state treasurer shall perserve in his

office and keep in repair all the standard scales,

weights and measures furnished by the general

government to the state, and shall keep a record

of the same.

Each county treasurer shall provide and keep

in repair in his office the following weights and

measures, which shall be proved and sealed by

the state treasurer: one half bushel, one peck,

one half peck; one gallon, one two quart, one

quart, one pint, and one half pint, wine measure ; one set of brass weights, from one ounce to

four pounds; one ten pound weight and one

twenty pound weight; and one yard measure.

If a county treasurer neglects to provide and

keep in repair the standard weights and measures specified in the preceding section, he shall

be fined one dollar for each month's neglect.

The county court shall have sole jurisdiction of

offenses under this section.

Each town treasurer shall provide and keep

in repair in his office the following standard

measures: one half bushel, one peck, one half

peck ; one gallon, one two quart, one quart, one

pint, and one half pint wine measure ; one yard

measure, and such scales or weights as the town

directs, which shall be proved and sealed by the

county treasurer.

The state, county or town treasurers shall

prove and seal scales, weights or measures

presented to them for that purpose, and shall

1

•2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

16

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

26

2«

27

28

29

30

31

32

33

34

Standard.

State treasnrer to keep.

County treasarer..

Standards*

Penalty for neglect.

Town treagorers to keep standardR.

Fees.

419
420 WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject. Provisions. Date. Eeference.

standards, how

marked.

Hun d red we i g h t. Ton.

Penalty for fraudulent use, altering,

etc.

Weight of bushel.

35

36

37

38

39

40

41

42

43

44

45

46

47

48

49

50

61

52

53

64

55

56

57

68

69

60

61

62

63

64

65

66

67

68

69

70

71

72

73

be entitled to receive from the person presenting the same ten cents for each article so sealed,

and a reasonable compensation for alterations.

The state standard shall be stamped with the

letters S S, the county standard with the

letters C S and the town standard with the

letters T S.

A hundredweight shall mean the net weight

of one hundred pounds avoirdupois, and a ton

the net weight of two thousand pounds ; and

contracts or sales concerning the same shall be

construed accordingly.

A person who knowingly uses for the purpose

of purchases or sales, or keeps for public use a weight, measure, scale, balance or beam which

does not conform to the standard of weights and

measures adopted by this state, or who alters a weight, measure, scale, balance or beam, after

it has been adjusted and sealed, so that it does

not conform to such standard and fraudulently

makes use thereof, shall be fined for each

offence fifty dollars, one -fifth to go to the complainant, the balance to the city or town in

which such person resides. Justices shall have

concurrent jurisdiction with the county court in

prosecutions under this section.

Abushel of wheat, potatoes, peas, clover seed,

beets, and turnips shall be each sixty pounds

;

a bushel of beans, sixty -two pounds; a bushel

of rye or Indian corn, fifty -six pounds ; a bushel

of barley or buckwheat, forty -eight pounds; a bushel of India wheat, forty -six pounds; a bushel of oats, thirty -two pounds; a bushel of

herds -grass or timothy seed, forty -five pounds;

a bushel of apples, forty -six pounds; a bushel

of carrots, fifty pounds; a bushel of onions,

fifty -two pounds; a bushel of salt, seventy

pounds ; as the standard weight and measure of

the same, in purchases and sales thereof.

1797j statutes

1894, title 29, chap

182, p. 772

Sec. 4293.

1831 Sec. 4294.

1894 Sec. 4295.

1861

1884

Sec. 4296.
WEIGHTS AXD MEASURES OF THE UTTITED STATES. 421

TT.

Date. Provisions. Subject.

187G The kinds of produce enumerated in the preceding section shall be in good order for shipping; and beets, turnips, carrots, and onions

shall be reasonably free from the soil in which

they grew, and fairly trimmed of their tops.

One bushel and three quarters of a peek shall

be deemed a bushel of charcoal, lime or ashes,

and contracts concerning the same shall be understood accordingly.

A pile of wood or bark four feet high, four

feet wide and eight feet long, well packed, shall

be a cord, and in measuring the length of wood

only one -half of the kerf shall be included.

The- standard measure of milk shall be wine

75

76

79

80

81

84

86

87

88

90

91

9-2

93

94

95

96

97

99

measure.

In all bargains for or sales of saw logs or round timber by measure, the number of feet,

unless otherwise stipulated by the parties, shall

be ascertained as follows : multiply the average

diameter of the top of the log, inside the bark,

in inches, by half such diameter in inches, disregarding fractions of an inch less than onehalf, and regarding fractions greater than

one -half as a full inch, and the number obtained as the product will represent the contents

in feet of a log of that diameter twelve feet

long. If the log is less than twelve feet long, loo the actual contents will be the same fraction of loi the above product as the actual length of the lo-' log is of twelve feet. If the log is more than loa twelve feet long, commence at the upper end 104 and measure it into sections of twelve feet; 105 then find, according to the above rule, the con- loe tents of each section, and fractional section. 107 The aggregate of the contents of the sections los will be the contents of the whole log. 109 In contracts for covering roofs with slate, no when underlap is agreed upon, three inches for m

each course of slate shall be required.

To be in eood orderfor

shipping.

Charcoal, lime.

Cord.

Measure of milk.

Saw loes and round

timbers.

Boollng slate.

112
422

VT. WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject.

Barrel of flour.

Branding weight of barrel or cask on head when Inspected,

Nails, how paclied and branded.

Provisions.

13 A barrel of flour shall contain one hundred

1* and ninety -six pounds, and a half barrel ninety

15 eight pounds.

16 He (inspector) shall ascertain the weight of

1' each barrel or cask by him inspected, and if

18 containing the number of pounds required by

19 law, shall brand said weight legibly on the head

20 of each barrel or cask, if not previously cor21 rectly branded, and brand in the same manner

22 each barrel or cask not containing the number

23 of pounds required by law with the word

24

'

' light ; " he shall ascertain by examination the

25 weight of casks or barrels which he suspects are

26 falsely or incorrectly marked, and correct the

27 mark of the tare thereon, if falsely or incor28 rectly marked.

29 Nails and brads, of all sizes, manufactured in

30 this state, shall be packed in strong and sufifi31 eient casks, made of seasoned timber and well

32 hooped, and containing not more than three hun33 dred pounds each ; the nails and brads to be well

34 made, and packed free from waste pieces of iron

35 (unless refuse nails or brads) or any fraudulent

36 mixture increasing the weight ; and a manufac -

37 turer, who is also the owner of such nails or

38 brads, shall brand in legible letters the initial of

39 his christian name and the whole of his sur40 name, on the side of each cask, and the name

41 of the town in which he resides, and the true

42 weight of the tare of such cask, with a brand

43 or marking iron, under the name of the town.

Date.

1894

Reference.

Stat utes,

1894, title 29, chap.

182,p.773.

Sec. 4305.

P. 774.

Sec. 4309.

P. 775.

Sec. 4316.
TIHaiNIA.

TA.

Reference. Date. Provisions. Subject.

Code, 1887, title 25,

chap. 86.

p. 487.

Sec. 1907.

1849

Sec. 1908. 1866-67

Sec. 1909. 1850-61

Sec. 1910.

The weights, measures, and balances received

by this state, under a resolution of congress approved the fourteenth day of June, eighteen

hundred and thirty -six, and an act of congress

approved the seventh day of July, eighteen

hundred and thirty -eight, shall be kept in the

capitol, in a room to be assigned by the Governor and fitted up for the purpose under his

direction ; they shall be the public standards of

v^eights and measures in this state.

The Register of the Land Office shall be

Superintendent of Weights and Measures, and

as such Superintendent shall receive a compensation of three hundred dollars per annum.

The Governor and the Superintendent of

Weights and Measures are authorized and directed to contract for and have manufactured,

v^ithin the state of Virginia, a sufficient number

of sets of balances, weights, and measures (the

measures to be made of cast iron, brass, or composition) , as will be necessary to supply each

county and corporation within the state, not provided with the same . The said balances , weights

and measures shall be delivered by the contractor at the office of Superintendent of

Weights and Measures as they may be required

by said Superintendent, and shall be paid for,

on the order of the Governor, out of any money

in the treasury not otherwise appropriated.

Upon the application of the court of any

county or corporation, the Governor or Superintendent shall furnish said county or corporation with such balances, weights, and measures

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

32

33

Standards.

Sapertntendent of

freights and measures.

Weights and measures to be manufactured for counties and corporations.

How obtained by

counties and corporations.

423
424

VA. WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject. Provisions. Date.

Local standards.

What weights and

measures they shall keep.

Where and by whom

kept.

Weight per bushel,

etc.

31 as the court shall designate; but, before receiv35 ing the same, the agent of such county or corse poration shall pay into the public treasury the

!" amount paid therefor by the state.

38 The court of every county and corporation

39 shall constantly keep for the use and at the

*» charge of such county or corporation, the fol-

*i lowing weights, measures, and balances, con- formable to said standards and sealed by said

43 Superintendent, that is to say: of dry measure,

** one half bushel, one peck, and one half peck;

46 of wine measure, one gallon, one half gallon,

*6 one quart, one pint, one half pint, one gill ; one

*' set of brass weights to four pounds, computed

48 at sixteen ounces to the pound, with suitable

49 scales and steel beam ; one set of iron weights

50 from one pound to fifty pounds; also of long

51 measures, one yard, and a set of troy weights,

52 from the lowest denomination to eight ounces.

53 All said measures, weights, and balances shall

54 be verified by the Superintendent, and sealed

65 by him in a durable manner, according to its

56 true weight, capacity and length.

67 The weights, balances and measures provided

58 for each county or corporation shall be kept in

59 such place and by such person as may be ap60 pointed by the court; such person to be the

61 sealer of weights and measures for the county

62 or corporation.

63 A cord contains one hundred and twenty - eight

64 cubic feet, being eight feet long, four feet high,

65 and four feet wide, or the equivalent thereof ; and

66 in all measurement of wood, tan -bark or other

67 things subject to such measurements the forces going shall be the true and legal standard, any

69 usage, by-law or ordinance of any corporation,

70 railroad, or other company to the contrary not71 withstanding. And in all sales by weight of

1860-51

1819
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES. 425

VA.

Reference. Date. Pronsions. Subject.

1876-7;

1849

73

74

the agricultiiral products hereinafter named the

number of pounds per bushel as stated in the

following schedule shall be the true and legal

standard: Barley, forty -eight pounds; beans,

(white) sixty pounds; blue -grass seed, fourteen

pounds; buckwheat, fifty -two pounds; chestnuts, fifty-seven pounds: clover seed, sixty

pounds; corn (shelled) , fifty -six pounds; corn

(in the ear), seventy pounds; corn -meal, fifty

pounds; dried apples, twenty -eight pounds;

dried peaches, peeled, forty pounds; dried

peaches, unpeeled, thirty-two pounds; flaxseed,

fifty-six pounds ; hemp seed, forty-four pounds

herds grass (or red top) seed, twelve pounds;

Hungarian grass seed, forty-eight pounds ; lime,

unslacked, eighty pounds; malt, thirty-eight

pounds; millet seed, fifty pounds; oats, thirty

pounds; onions, fifty -seven pounds; onions, top

sets, twenty -eight pounds; orchard grass seed,

fourteen j^ounds ; osage orange seed, thirty -four

pounds; peanuts, twenty -two pounds; peas,

black-eyed, sixty pounds; potatoes, Irish, fiftysix pounds; potatoes, sweet, fifty -six pounds;

plastering hair, eight pounds; rye, fifty -six

pounds; salt, Mty pounds; stone coal, eighty

pounds; timothy seed, forty -five pounds; turnips, fifty-five pounds; wheat, sixty pounds;

cotton seed, thirty -two pounds.

Once in every ten years from the time at which

they are first sealed, the said sealers of weights loi and measures shall cause them to be tried and 102 proved by the said public standards, under the los direction of the Superintendent, and sealed by 104 him anew; and if any sealer of weights and 105 measures shall fail to do so, he shall forfeit one loe hundred dollars. 107 Every sealer of weights and measures shall los at least once in every year, advertise in some

convenient newspaper, or put up notifications in "o

standard weight per

linshel of cotton

produce.

79

80

81

82

83

84

86

88

91

92

93

94

9.5

96

98

100 ProTlng of.

How often to advertise

for proTlne those

of indlrtduals.
426 WEIGHTS AND MEASUEES OF THE UNITED STATES.

TA.

Subject. Provisions. Date. Reference.

Annnal testing. Ill

113

113

114

11.5

116

117

118

119

different parts of the county or corporation, of

the times and places when and where he will

attend for the purpose of trying and proving

o XJ. UCLxCiLLK. vTo , \\ vTlii JJ. Lo dJuLVA JXLCClo ILL Co do JXldV UKj

brought to him for that purpose. Those which

may be found or can be made to agree with the

standards, shall be sealed by him accordingly,

and he shall deface and destroy all such as do

not and cannot be made to agree therewith."

1819 Code, 1887,

p. 489.

Sec. 1915.

Kore than one sealer may be appointed. 120

121

122

123

124

125

126

The court may appoint more than one sealer

r\T TVPi o* n I'c Q n n tyi pq qit i^pq Tr\T* Tf"Q /'*r^n ii 'I'tt' orii* — yJL \\ triii-LLLo dllLl lJ_Lt7doLli t?o XLo *^ULllltV \JL y^yJL poration and assign to each the district within

which he shall act. A full set of weights, measures, and balances shall be provided for each

district, and each sealer shall act only in his own

district.

Sec. 1917.

Fees of superintendent and sealer. 127

128

129

130

131

132

133

1.34

135

136

137

The Superintendent and each sealer of weights

and measures shall have five cents for every

weight or measure, or scale beam and balance,

and ten cents for each steelyard and the beam

and poises thereof, tried, proved, and sealed, or

rlp'FQ/^pri QTin n Pcl"r»r^T7Prl rwr niTYi • "friP Ssiit^pviti — LltJldi^tJU- diiU- Lic&LlUV cU. *jy 111 1 1 1 J tilt: kjLljJtjllll

tendent to be paid by the sealer of weights and

measures of the county or corporation for which

the service is rendered, and the sealer of weights

and measures, to be paid by the owners respectively for whom the service is rendered.

Sec. 1918.

Seal, hon procnred and paid for. 138

139

140

141

142

143

144

145

146

The seals and other things necessary to enable

them to perform theu' duty, shall be procured

by the Superintendent and the sealers. The

PH"?'!' nf cinr'h a^s atp "niTiPnyprl hvfhp Snnpvintpnn

pnt Sib all bp nairl mi tbp ovrlpv of tbp (rovpvn ov and of such a,sa.re nrocured bva sealer of weights

and measures, as also the fees paid by him to

the Superintendent, shall be a charge on the

county or city by whose court he was appointed.

Sec. 1919.

How welglits and measures sealed at 147 A person may call at any time upon the Su- Sec. 1920. any time. 148 perintendent at Richmond, or a sealer of weights

a Sec. 1916 repealed by laws of 1895-96, page 341.
WEIGHTS AND MEASUEES OF THE UNITED STATES. 427

VA.

Date. Provisions. Subject.

1849

1900

Pelt. 9

and measures in Ms county or corporation, to

try and prove the weights and measures of such

person, he paying therefore the regular fees, or double fees, if the service be rendered at his own

house, store, or shop.

If any county or corporation court shall refuse

to provide and keep the weights, measures, and

balances prescribed by law, every judge holding

such court shall forfeit one dollar per month

thenceforth until they shall be provided.

If the Superintendent or any sealer of weights

and measures shall fail to perform any duty

imposed on him, he shall forfeit twenty dollars

for each offence.

If any person shall sell or offer to sell any

commodity, buy, or keep for buying and selling,

any scales, balances, steelyards, weights or measures not sealed according to law, he shall

forfeit for each offence a sum not exceeding ten

dollars.

Once in every five years the directors of each

bank shall have the weights used in such bank

tried, proved, and sealed, either by the Superintendent or a sealer of weights and measures. No tender by any bank in the state, of gold

weighed with weights not so sealed, shall be

legal. The payer to, or receiver from, any bank,

of gold may require that it shall be weighed in

each scale, and the mean weight resulting

therefrom shall be deemed the true weight.

Be it enacted by the General Assembly of

Virginia, That when apples are bought or sold

by weight in this state, the quantity constituting

a bushel shall be forty -five pounds, and the

quantity constituting a barrel shall be one hun - dred and thirty -five pounds. A barrel for use

in packing, selling, or shipping apples shall be

of the following dimensions: Head diameter,

seventeen and one eighth inches; length of

149

150

151

152

153

154

155

156

157

160

161

162

163

164

165

166

167

168

169

170

171

172

Testing at special

times.

176

177

78

79

180

181

182

183

184

185

186

187

Penalty on judge for refusing to provide them.

Penalty on superin- tendent and sealers.

Penalty for using weights and measures not sealed.

Bank weights and

measures, sealing

of.

How gold to he

weighed; when ten- der not legal.

Weight of a barrel of apples, etc.
428

TA. WEIGHTS AND MEASUKES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject. Provisions. Date. Reference.

size of apple barrels.

Stamping

barrels.'

Penalty.

' short

Size of barrels for shipment of asri- cultural products

reeulated.

190

191

188 stave, twenty -seven and one half inches ; bulge,

189 not less than sixty -four inches, outside measurement.

Every person buying or selling apples in this

192 state by the barrel shall be understood as refer

193 ring to the quantity or size of the barrel herein

19* specified. No person in this state shall here195 after use or cause to be used, or have in his

196 possession barrels, for the sale of apples, of a

197 size less than the size specified in this act, unless

198 each of the same is plainly stamped on the out199 side thereof, and on each head with the words

200 '

' short barrel

' ' in letters not less than two

201 inches in height. Every person violating any

202 provisions of this section shall forfeit the sum

203 of five dollars for every barrel jDut up, made, or

204 used in violation of such provision, one -half of

205 Tvhich shall go to the informer and one -half to

206 the commonwealth.

This act shall be in force from its passage.

(Approved February 9,1900.)

Be it enacted by the general assembly of Virginia, That on and after August tenth, eighteen

hundred and ninety -eight, it shall not be law212 ful for any person in the State of Yii'ginia to

213 use in the shipment of those agricultural prod214 nets commonly called truck a barrel of less size

215 and dimensions than as follows, to -wit: the

heads or ends shall not be less than seventeen

inches ; the staves shall not be less than twenty

218 seven and one -half inches; inside measure219 ments at bilge not less than eighteen and one220 half inches, and the height of barrel from

221 bottom head to top end of stave shall not be less

222 than twenty -six inches; single head or double

223 head from head up, twenty -four and one -half

224 inches. Any person violating this section shall

225 be fined not less than one nor more than five

226 dollars for each offence, and the use of each

207

208

209

210

211

il6

217

1900 Acts of as- se m b 1 y, 1899-1900.

chap. 293.

p. 323.

Sec. 1.

See. 2.

1898 Aue. 10

See. 3.

Acts of ass e m b 1 y

,

189 7-9 8, chap. 77,

p. 80. ApprOTed

Jan. 20,

1808.

Sec. 1.
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES. 429

VA.

Date. Provisions. Subject.

1901

Feb. 15

barrel so prohibited used shall constitute a

separate offence.

All barrels manufactured or offered for sale

by any railroad company, agent, or transportation company, or any person in this state, after

the tenth day of August, eighteen hundred and

ninety -eight, used or to be used in the shipment

of truck shall be of not less dimensions and shall

be of not less capacity than the barrels prescribed

in section one. Any person, or any railroad

company, steamboat company, or agent of any

transportation company, violating this section

shall be fined not less than one nor more than

five dollars for each offence and the manufacture

and offering for sale of each barrel so prohibited

shall constitute a separate offence.

Nothing contained in sections one and two

shall apply to or prohibit the use or sale of

ordinary flour barrels or of half barrels, boxes or

crates.

The fines and penalties prescribed by this act

shall be recoverable before a justice of the peace

in the same manner as other fines are recoverable by law, and any justice, upon the oath of a

creditable person, shall issue a warrant for any

one charged with the violation of this act, or any

part thereof, and the amount recovered therefrom shall be paid into the treasury of the state

provided that the provisions of this act shall not

apply to barrels used for the shipment of apples.

This act shall be in force from the tenth of

August, eighteen hundred and ninety -eight.

Be it enacted by the general assembly of

Virginia, That every barrel of flour put up or manufactured in this state shall contain not less

than one hundred and ninety -six pounds of

flour, and that every barrel of flour put up or manufactured in this state, and every barrel of

flour shipped into the state, shall have the num227

228

229

230

231

232

233

234

235

236

237

238

239

240

241

242

243

244

246

246

247

248

249

250

261

252

253

264

256

266

257

258

269

260

261

262

263

264

265

Size of barrels manufactured for sale by

railroad compan;

Penalty.

Cse of flour barrels, half barrels, boxes,

or crates.

Fines recoTerab 1 e

,

how.

Capacity of flour barrel. Penalty for

less than 196

pounds. Number

pounds must be

stamped on barrel.
430 WEIGHTS AND MEASUEE8 OF THE UNITED STATES.

VA.

Subject. Provisions. Date. Eeference.

Fallare to correctly stamp barrels con- taining flour.

266 ber of pounds contained therein plainly stamped

on one head.

268 If any person or firm doing business in this

269 state wilfully or knowingly sell or causes to be

270 sold flour in barrels or packages not so correctly

2n stamped, showing the correct number of pounds

272 contained in such barrels or packages, he or

273 they shall be fined twenty-five dollars; and the

274 sale of every such barrel or package shall con275 stitute a separate offence.

1901 Acts of ass e m b ly

,

first extra session,

1901, chap.

180, p.m.
WASH.

Date. Provisions.

1890. The standard of weights and measures in this

state shall exactly agree with the standard as recognized and furnished by the United States,

and shall, for the purpose of security and verification, be kept in the custody of the secretary

of state.

The secretary of state shall ex officio be state

sealer of weights and measures, and shall have

the care and custody of the authorized public

standards of weights and measures. He shall

try and prove by such standards all weights and

measures, scales and beams which may belong

to any county and be sent and brought to him

for that purpose by the county sealer, and shall

seal such when found to be accurate, by stamping on them the letter " W" with a seal which

he shall have and keep for that purpose.

The county auditor of each county shall be

the sealer of weights and measures for the

county, and shall have the care and custody of

the county standards. He shall procure at the

expense of the county, when not already provided, a full set of weights and measures, scales

and beams, which he shall cause to be tried,

proved and sealed by the state standards, under

the direction of the secretary of state.

The secretary of state shall authorize and

instruct the county auditor of each and every

county in this state in regard to testing and

verifying weights and measures within said

county, and shall furnish said county auditor

with a copy of this act, and the county

auditor shall immediately post in his office due

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

Subject.

Standard.

Care of, etc.

Care of and proof by

conntf standards.

Instraction of sealers. Notice of sealers.

431
432 WEIGHTS AND MEASUEE8 OF THE UNITED STATES.

WASH.

Subject. Provisions. Date. Reference.

Notice of sealer. 3* notice of his authority and readiness to act as

35 inspector and sealer of weights and measures,

36 and shall advertise the same in two papers in

35 said county for the month of January in each

38 year: Provided, however, That in counties

39 where no newspapers are published, that notices

•K> shall be posted in five public places.

1890 Balllnger's

Code, 1897, title 20,

chap. 6, pp. 908-9.

Sec. 3636.

Sealing of measures.

+1 The several county sealers shall try and prove

*2 all weights and measures, scales and beams,

43 when requested J. to do so,1 and when the same

are found or made to conform to the legal

standards, they shall seal and mark such weights

*6 and measures with a seal to be kept by them for

*7 that purpose.

Sec. 3637.

Fees. *8 The state and county sealer of weights and

49 measures in this state shall charge for testing

6« or sealing any beam or scale the sum of fifty

51 cents: Provided, That no charge shall be made

52 for testing or sealing weights for counter, gold

53 or apothecary scales, and for each and every

54 weight or measure ten cents; for sealing and

55 marking liquid and dry measures, if the same

56 be a gallon or more, ten cents; if less than

55 a gallon, five cents. They shall also be entitled

58 to a reasonable compensation for making such

59 weights and measures conform to the standards

60 established by this act.

Sac. 3638.

Cost of county standards. 61 The expense justly chargeable to any county

62 in this state and incurred in and immediately

63 connected with procuring county standards of

64 weights and measures, and noticing and adver65 tising the same in furtherance of the provisions

66 and intentions of this act, shall, on presentation

67 of proper and sufficient vouchers to the county

68 commissioners, be accepted and paid by the

69 said county.

Sec. 3639.

False weights; penalty. 70 That any person in this state who shall, after

51 thirty days subsequent to published notice from

52 the county sealers of weights and measures, as

Sec. 3640.
WEIGHTS AND MEASUEES OF THE UNITED STATES. 433

WASH.

Reference. Date.

Balllnger's

Code, 1897,

TOl. 1, title 20, chap. ;, p. 909.

See. 3640.

Title 22,

chap. 1, p. 1053.

Sec. 4090.

Title 20,

chap. 7. pp. 909-910,

Sec. 3641.

Sec. 3642.

Provisions.

provided in section four of this act" be found

using any false or fraudulent beam, scale,

weight, or measure, and who shall fail or neglect, on written notice of the same from any

person aggrieved, or in any way cognizant

thereof, to have said imperfect beam, scale,

weight or measure duly inspected, and by proper

authority adjusted and sealed, or who shall usq

the same scale, weight or measure subsequent

to said notice without correction or adjustment,

as provided in this act, any person so offending

shall be liable to an action in law and penalty of

twenty dollars for each and every offense, to be

paid into the county fund.

That the unit of measure for water for irrigation, mining, milling and mechanical purposes

in this state shall be a cubic foot of water per

second of time.

The secretary of state and each and every

county sealer of weights and measures in this

state shall, before entering upon the performance of any official duties described or implied in

this act, take and subscribe the following oath

or affirmation: "I, , do swear (or affirm)

that I will not seal or give any certificate of

correctness for any scale, weight or measure

but such as shall, as nearly as possible, agree

with the standard in my keeping, as the standard of the state of Washington and of the

United States, and that I will, to the best of my

ability, execute and discharge truly and faithfully the trust reposed in me. So help me

God." Which oath or affirmation shall be filed

in the office of the secretary of state.

In the sale of fruits, vegetables and all other

articles sold by the heaped measure, one thousand two hundred and eighty -two (1,282) cubic

inches shall constitute a half bushel.

3632. 19150—05 28

73

74

75

76

77

78

79

80

81

82

83

84

88

89

90

91

92

93

94

95

96

97

98

99

100

101

102

103

104

105

106

107

108

109

110

Subject.

False weights, penalty.

Water measarement.

Oath of sealers.

Half bushel.
434 WEIGHTS AND MEASUEES OF THE UNITED STATES.

WASH.

Provisions. Reference.

Toil. Ill The hundredweight shall consist of one hun11-' dred pounds, and twenty such hundredweights

113 shall constitute a ton.

1890 Balllnger's

Code, 1897,

TOl. 2, p. 910.

Sec. 3643.

Bushel. 114 Whenever any of the following articles shall

ii« be contracted for, or sold, or delivered, and no

116 special contract or agreement shall be made to

117 the contrary, the weight per bushel shall be as

118 follows, to -wit: Wheat, sixty pounds; clover

ii'J seed, sixty pounds; rye or Indian corn, fifty-six

120 rtnnnrls' na.t.s tbiytv-two "nonnds • bfl.ylp.v fortv121 eight pounds; buckwheat, forty-two pounds;

dried apples or peaches, twenty-eight pounds;

123 potatoes, sixty pounds; green apples or pears,

124 forty -five pounds; flax, fifty -six pounds.

1893 Sec. 3644.

Penalty. 125 Whoever in buying any of the articles men126 tioned in the preceding section, shall take any

127 greater number of pounds thereof to the bushel,

128 or in selling any of the said articles, shall give

129 any less number of pounds thereof to the bushel

130 than is allowed by said section, with intent to

131 gain advantage thereby, except when expressly

132 authorized so to do by special contract or agree

133 mpnf, in tbaf, pfFpft, sViflll bfi liablfi to thp, T)tiTf,v

134 injured in double the amount of the property so

135 wrongfully taken or not given, and ten dollars

136 in addition thereto, to be recovered in any court

137 of competent jurisdiction.

1891 See. 3646.

Charcoal measure. 138 All baskets for measuring charcoal in this

139 state, shall contain two bushels and shall be of

140 the following dimensions, viz: Nineteen inches

141 in breadth in every part thereof, and seventeen

142 and one -half inches deep, measuring from the

143 top of the basket to the highest part of the

144 ViofifiOTYi anrl bp wpII bpfl.'npd • T*T*ovidp,d i hfl.t

145 nothing in this act shall be construed so as to

146 prevent the use of any basket, box or other

147 measure in conformity with the standard of

148 measurement as provided in this section.

1877 Sec. 3646.
WEIGHTS AND MEASUEES OF THE UNITED STATES. 435

WASH.

Reference.

Balllnger's

Code, 1897,

TOl. 1, p. 911.

Sec. 3647.

Sec. 3648.

Tol. 2, 1977.

Sec. 7167.

Sec. 7168.

Date.

1890

1891

1886

Provisions.

Any person or persons who shall violate the

provisions of the preceding section shall be liable to a fine of five dollars for each and every

offense so committed to be collected in similar

manner as other fines for similar cases are now

collected and all fines collected as aforesaid

shall belong to the school fund of the county in

which such offense or offenses may have been

committed.

The amount of tare to be deducted from the

gross weight of each bale of hops grown and

hereafter sold in this state is hereby fixed at

five pounds per bale. Five yards of baling

cloth is the maximum quantity to be used in

making the bale, and the standard weight of

each yard of baling cloth is hereby fixed at from

twenty -four to thirty ounces. The standard

weight for a bale of hops is hereby fixed at from

one hundred and seventy -five to two hundred

and ten pounds. Any vender of hops using

heavier sacking than specified in this section, or using any extraneous matter in the baling thereof,

shall have the same deducted, as additional tare.

Every person who uses any weight or measure, knowing it to be false, by which use another is defrauded or otherwise injured, is guilty

of a misdemeanor. A false weight or measure

is one which does not conform to the standard

established by the laws of the United States.

In all sales of coal, hay and other commodities usually sold by the ton or fractional part

thereof, the seller must give to the purchaser

full weight, at the rate of two thousand pounds

to the ton; and in all sales of articles which

are sold in commerce or trade, by avoirdupois

weight, the seller must give to the purchaser

full weight at the rate of sixteen ounces to the

pound. Any person violating this section is

guilty of a misdemeanor.

Subject.

Penalty.

Deduction of tare on

hops.

Bale of hops.

Using false weight or measure.

Failure to gWe full weight.
436 WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

WASH.

Subject. JProvisions. t^B^R^Date. Reference.

•Scales, when tested, license to weighers. 188 The chief inspector shall have full supervision

189 of the inspection of all grain and the weighing

I'jo of same at places provided with state inspection

191 under this chapter, and at least twice a year he

192 and his chief deputies shall examine, test and

193 correct all scales used in weighing grain at

194 places provided with state inspection, one of

195 which tests shall be made at the beginning of

196 each season, and after such scale is tested, if it

197 be found correct and in good condition, he or his

198 chief deputy shall seal the weights and issue to

199 the proprietor or proprietors of the place where

200 such scales are found a license certificate au201 thorizing such proprietor or proprietors to use

202 the said scales for weighing grain, so long as

203 they are kept correct and in good condition,

204 which license shall be good for one year, unless

205 sooner revoked by the chief inspector or his

206 chief deputy. The party receiving such license

207 shall pay the chief inspector or his chief deputy

208 the sum of five dollars per annum, which sum

209 shall be paid into the state treasurer by the

210 chief inspector and credited by the state treas211 urer to the state inspection fund. If such scales

212 be found inaccurate or unfit for use, the chief

213 inspector or his chief deputy shall notify the

214 party operating or using them and the party

215 thus notified shall, at his own expense, thor216 oughly repair the same before attempting to use

217 them, and until this same is done to the satis

218 faction of the chief inspector or his chief deputy^

219 the license of such party or parties shall be sus220 pended or revoked in the discretion of the chief

221 inspector or his chief deputy, but no license fees

222 shall be returned to any one by reason of any

1895 Balllnger's Annotated

Codes and

Statutes of Was^hlngton, title 17, chap.

4, p. 735.

Sec. 2886.

223 license being suspended or revoked.

Penalty for tamper- Sec. 2886.

ing with scales. 224 Every person, persons, corporation or agent

225 operating any warehouse, mill, elevator, wharf,

226 dock, commission house, feed store, or other
WEIGHTS AND MEASUEES OF THE UNITED STATES, 437

WASH.

Date. Provisions. Subject.

1895 place where grain is received and weighed, located at places where state inspection is provided for, shall, before weighing any grain after

September first, eighteen hundred and ninety

five, procure of the chief inspector or his chief

deputy, a license as herein provided, which

license shall show that his scales are correct and

the weights duly sealed, and shall be posted in a conspicuous place in the office of the building

where such scales are located. Any company,

corporation, person, persons or agent, found

guilty of using scales for weighing grain as pro - vided for under this chapter, after they have

been notified by the chief inspector or his chief

deputy that such scales are incorrect, or any

such person, persons, corporation or agent, who

may refuse or prevent the chief inspector or his

chief deputy from having free access to their

scales in the regular performance of then* duty,

within the tenor and meaning of this chapter,

or any such person, persons, corporation or agent, found guilty of tampering with any of

such scales, or of rendering false weights, shall

forfeit the sum of five hundred dollars for the

first offense, and 1000 dollars for every subsequent offense to be recovered before any court

having jurisdiction thereof, and shall also pay

all costs of prosecution, and his license may be

revoked, in the discretion of the chief inspector.

The chief inspector shall pay all such forfeitures

thus collected into the state treasury, and the

same shall be credited to the state inspection

fund.

The chief inspector shall procure at the ex- pense of the state, if not already provided, the

necessary full set of weights and measures,

stamps, scales and beams, which he shall cause

to be tried, proved and sealed by the state standard, and certified by the state treasurer, by

227

228

229

230

231

232

238

234

235

236

237

238

239

240

241

242

243

244

245

246

247

248

249

250

251

252

253

254

255

256

257

258

259

260

261

262

263

264

266

Penalty for tampering with scales.

Inspector to procure, what.
438

WASH. WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject. Provisions. Date.

(Qualifications of

weigliers.

State weigliers, how

appointed.

266

267

268

269

270

271

272

273

274

275

276

277

278

279

280

281

282

283

284

285

286

287

288

289

290

291

292

293

294

295

296

297

298

299

300

301

302

303

304

which he shall test and prove all scale beams,

weights and measures within the purport of this

chapter, and shall seal such, when found to be

accurate, by stamping upon them the letters

"Wash." with a seal provided for that purpose.

No person, persons, or corporation operating

any warehouse, elevator, mill, wharf, dock,

feed store, commission house or other places

where grain is received subject to state inspection, shall employ any person as weigher who is

not competent and acceptable to the chief inspector, or his chief deputy, and who has not

received from the chief inspector or his chief

deputy a license to weigh grain, and who shall

not have taken an oath to faithfully and honestly to perform his duties as such weigher in

such form as the state grain commission may

prescribe. No fee shall be charged for such

license. The said person shall be in the employ and under the control of the person, per- sons or corporation operating any such warehouse, elevator, mill, wharf, dock, feed store,

commission house or other place where grain is

received and weighed, subject to state inspection, and shall receive no compensation from

the state for services rendered. The agent or manager of such warehouse, elevator, mill,

wharf, dock, feed store or commission house or other place, as above specified, shall report

daily to the chief inspector or his chief deputy

the weight of grain in each ear received, referring to the car by its initial and number together with the number of sacks if it be sacked

grain.

It shall be the duty of the governor to appoint

state weighers, to weigh all shingles and lumber

to be shipped beyond the limits of this state.

That there shall be one weigher appointed for

each of the transcontinental railroads running

1895
WEIGHTS AND MEASUEES OF THE UNITED STATES. 439

WASH.

Date. Provisions. Subject.

1895 .30.1

306

SOI

into this state, aud that the office of said weighers shall commence when this article goes into

effect. That the term of office of said weighers

shall be for the period of four years.

The governor shall have the power, and it is 309 hereby made his duty, upon receiving a petition 310 in writing from five manufacturers of shingles

or lumber, complaining of the wrongful acts of 3i-> any of said weighers or their deputies, to inves- ^is tigate such charges and in his discretion to re - 31* move such weigher and to appoint a successor sis for such weigher. • 3i« Each weigher and each deputy weigher shall, 31

before entering upon the duties of his office, sis take and subscribe an oath that he will faithfully discharge the duties of his office to the best s-o of his knowledge and ability. Each weigher s'-i shall execute to the state of Washington a bond 322 with two or more sureties, to be approved by 323 the Secretary of State, in the sum of three 32* thousand dollars, conditioned that he and his 325 deputies will faithfully perform their duties as 320 lumber and shingle weighers and if said 327 lumber and shingle weighers or his deputy shall 328 fail to keep the conditions of said bond, then the 229 person aggrieved by his or their wrongful act 330 shall have a right of action against said weigher 331 and the sureties on said bond, and they shall be 332 liable on said bond for any judgment recovered 333 in such action to the amount of the penalty of 334 such bond. The oath and bond shall be filed 335 with the secretary of state.

It shall be the duty of each of said railroads

to construct scales capable of weighing cars loaded with lumber or shingles from that portion of Washington west of the Cascade moun- 340 tains at some point on their respective lines and 341 within the limits of this state for the purpose of 342 weighing said lumber and shingles ; and that it 343

Bemoral of weighers.

336

337

338

339

Oath and bond of deputy.

Railroads to proride

scales.
440

WASH. WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject.

Deputies.

Duty of weigher.

Rallroadg to accept weights.

Penalty.

What weigher's bill to contain.

Provisions.

344 shall be the duty of each of said railroads

345 doing business east of the Cascade mountains to

3*6 maintain scales on the east side of the moun3*7 tains and within the limits of this state for the

3*8 purpose of weighing lumber' and shingles man3*9 ufactured on each side of said mountains.

350 Every weigher shall have the right to appoint

351 one or more deputy weighers.

352 All lumber and shingles to be shipped beyond

353 the limits of this state by railroad shall first be

35* weighed by said weigher or his deputy at the

355 place where said scales are located.

356 If any lumber or shingles shall be shipped

357 beyond the limits of this state by any railroad

358 company before being weighed by said weigher

359 or his deputy, said railroad shall be compelled

360 to accept the weight named in the affidavit (if

361 there be any affidavit) attached to the bill of lad -

362 ing, and in all cases where there is no such affi -

363 davit attached, said cars or shingles or lumber

364 shall be weighed by said weigher in every in365 stance; any failure to comply with the above

366 requirements shall be adjudged a misdemeanor,

367 and on conviction thereof shall, for each offence,

368 be fined in any sum not less than five hundred

369 dollars nor more than two thousand dollars.

370 That upon weighing said shingles or lumber,

371 the weigher or his deputy shall make out a bill,

372 stating therein the names of the consignor and

373 the consignee, the destination of said car of

37* shingles or lumber and the place from which

376 said car was billed, the name of the railroad

876 owning such car and the number of said car,

377 together with the number of shingles or amount

378 of lumber said to be contained in such car, and

379 the total weight of shingles or lumber contained

380 therein. That he shall enter upon the books of

381 his office, to be provided by him and kept for

382 that purpose, a correct copy of said bill, and

Date.

1895

Reference.

Balllnger's Annotated

Codes and

Statutes of Washington, title 17, chap.

4, p. 797.

See. 3118.

Sec. 3119.

Sec. 3120.

P. 798.

Sec. 3121.

Sec. 3122.
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES. 441

WASH.

Reference. Date. Provisions. Subject.

Balllneer's

Annotated

Codes and

Statates of Waslilnffton, title

17. chap.

4, p. 798.

Sec. 3122.

Sec. 3123,

Sec. 3124.

Title 18,

chap. 3,

p. 815.

Sec. 3184.

Sec. 3185.

1895

1891 March 16

shall mail or deliver to the consignee two correct copies of said bill, and to the agent of the

railroad over which said car is shipped one

correct copy of said bill, with the certificates

thereto attached, that it is a true and correct

bill, which bill so certified shall be presumptive

evidence of the facts therein contained.

Each weigher or his deputy shall receive and

collect from the railroad by which said lumber

or shingles were received, the sum of fifty cents a car for each and every car of lumber or shingles weighed by him.

When any cars shall have been weighed, as herein designated, the said weight shall constitute the basis by which the weight of said lumber or shingles shall be determined.

It shall be unlawful for any mine owner,

lessee, or operator of coal mines in the state of

Washington employing miners at bushel or ton

rates, or other quantity, to pass the output of

coal mined by said miners over any screen or other device which shall take any part from the

value thereof before the same shall have been

weighed and duly credited to the employee

sending the same to the surface, and accounted

for at the legal rate of weights as fixed by the

laws of the state of Washington.

The weighman employed at any mine shall

subscribe an oath or affirmation before a justice

of the peace, or other officer authorized to administer oaths, to do justice between employer

and employee, and weigh the output of coal

from the mines as herein provided. The miners

employed by or engaged in working for any

mine owner, operator, or lessee, or (of) any

mine in this state, shall have the privilege, if

they desire, of employing at theu' own expense

a check weighman, who shall have like rights,

powers, and privileges in the weighing of coal

383

384

385

386

387

388

389

390

391

S92

393

394

395

396

397

398

399

400

401

402

403

404

405

406

407

408

409

410

411

412

413

414

415

416

417

418

419

420

421

Weigher's bill.

Pees.

Basis.

Duty of owner as to haylne; output of

coal neighed and

credited.

Welshman of coal.

Bights of employees.
442 WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

WASH.

Subject. Provisions. Date. Reference.

Oath and penalties. 422 as the regular weighman, and be subject to the

423 same oath and penalties as the regular weigh

424 man. Said oath or affirmation shall be kept

42.i conspicuously posted in the weigh office, and

426 any weigher of coal, or any person so employed,

427 who shall knowingly violate any of the provi428 sions of this article shall be deemed guilty of a

429 misdemeanor, and upon conviction shall be pun430 ished by a fine of not less than twenty -five dol431 lars nor more than one hundred dollars for each

432 offense, or by imprisonment in the county jail

4»'> 101 a period, not to exceeci tnirty ciays, or oy

434 both such fine and imprisonment, proceedings

435 to be instituted in any court having jurisdiction

436 therein.

1891 Balllnger's Annotated

Codes and

Statutes of Washington, title 18, chap.

8, p. 815.

Sec. 3186.
WEST VIRGmiA.

W. VA.

Date. Provisions. Subject.

1882 That the weights, measures and balances

received by this State, under a resolution of

Congress, approved the fourteenth day of June,

one thousand eight hundred and thirty -six, and

an act of Congress approved the seventh day of

July, eighteen hundred and thirty -eight, shall

be kept in the capitol, in a room to be assigned

by the governor, and fitted up for the purpose

under his direction. They shall be public

standards of weights and measures in this State.

The superintendent of weights and measures

shall receive for his services such salary as may

be prescribed by law.

The governor and superintendent of weights

and measures are authorized, and they are hereby directed to contract for and have manufactured a sufficient number of sets of balances,

weights and measures, the measures to be made

of cast iron, brass or composition, as will be

necessary to supply each county within this

State. The said balances, weights and measures

shall be delivered by the contractor at the .office

of the superintendent as they may be required,

and shall be paid for on the order of the governor out of any moneys in the treasury not

otherwise appropriated.

Upon the application of the county court of

any county, the governor or superintendent of

weights and measures, shall furnish said county

with such balances, weights and measures as the said county court shall designate, but before

receiving the same the said court shall pay into

the public treasury the amount paid by the State

for the same.

standard ivelgrlits aiic measures, when

kept.

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

32

33

34

Salary.

Weights and nieasi ures for counties. |

Governor to eontrar

for.

443
444 WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

W. VA.

Subject. Provisions. Date. Reference.

County court to keep

on hand nei;;htK,

etc. Hon kept.

35 The county court of each county shall con1882 Warth'sCode,

1899, chap. 36 stantly keep for use and at the charge of such

3' court, the following weights, measures and bal59, p. 632.

Sec. 6.

Standards, 38 ances, conformable to the said standards and

39 sealed by the superintendent, that is to say : Of

*o dry measure, one -half bushel, one peck, one -half

*i peck ; of wine measure, one gallon, one -half gal-

+2 Ion, one quart, one pint, one -half pint, one gill;

+3 one set of brass weights to four pounds, computed

at sixteen ounces to the pound, with suitable

5 scales and steel beam ; one set of iron weights

*6 from one pound to fifty pounds; of long meas-

*"! ure, one yard; and a set of Troy weights from

+8 the lowest denomination to eight ounces ; all of

9 said measures, weights and balances shall be

so verified by the superintendent and sealed by

51 him in a durable manner according to their true

5-2 weights, capacity and length.

Weights and measures to be kept by 53 The weights, measures and balances provided Sec. 6.

county. 5* for each county shall be kept in such places and

56 by such person as may be designated by the

56 county court of such county, and such person

57 shall be the sealer of weights and measures for

68 the county.

To be tested and re- sealed every ten 59 Once in every ten years from the time at Sec. 7.

years. 60 which they are first sealed, the said sealers of

61 weights and measures shall cause them to be

62 tried and proved by the said public standard,

63 under the direction of the superintendent, and

64 sealed by him anew, and if any such sealer shall

66 fail to do so, he shall forfeit one hundred dollars.

Proving balances. 66 Every sealer of weights and measures shall at

67 least once every year, advertise in some conven68 lent newspaper, and put up notifications in at

69 least three public places, in every magisterial

'0 district of the county, of the times and places

'1 when and where he will attend in said districts

'2 for the purpose of trying and proving such bal1891 Sec. 8.
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES. 445

W. TA.

Date. Provisions. Subject.

1891

1882

ances, weights and measures as may be brought

to him for that purpose, or which have not

been previously tried or proved within three 76 years. Those which may be found, or can be

made to agree with the standards, shall be cor- rected or altered and -sealed by him accordingly,

and he shall deface and destroy all such as do

not and cannot be made to agree therewith.

Such sealer shall in all cases furnish the lead,

instruments or other things necessary for such

correction or alteration and sealing.

The said sealer for each county shall once in

every three years go to the mills, stores or shops

of every person within his county, who uses

balances, steelyards, platform scales, weights

or measures, for the purpose of buying or selling, and who has failed for three years to bring

or send them in . at the times and places notified

by him, and also to all hay scales, cattle scales,

and platform balances, kept for public use, and

there try and prove such scales, balances, steelyards, weights or measures, and seal or deface

and destroy them as may be proper. In the

cases mentioned in this section, the sealer of

weights and measures shall, for such services,

have double the amount of his regular fees. 98 Keepers of scales for weighing live stock and 99 other ponderous articles shall have constantly 100 on hand a sealed' weight of not less than fifty 101 pounds, for the purpose of testing the correct- 102 ness of such scales, whenever required by any 108 person desiring to use the same for the purpose

aforesaid. Any person violating this section 105 shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and loe fined not exceeding fifty dollars. 107 Each sealer of weights and measures shall los have five cents for every weight or measure, or i«9 scale-beam and balance, and ten cents for each

steelyard and the beams and poises thereof, tried, m

76

77

80

81

84

85

86

89

90

91

94

95

96

97

Provlngr balances.

Duty of sealer of

county.

Sealer's compensation.
446

W. VA. WEIGHTS AND MEASUEES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject. Provisions. Date. Reference.

Sealer's

tion. compeusaSeals.

Any person may call on scaler to test.

Penalty.

Banks to hare their weights tested.

Tender of gold. How

weighed.

112

113

114

115

116

117

118

119

120

121

122

lis

124

126

126

127

128

129

130

131

132

133

134

136

136

137

138

139

140

141

142

143

144

145

146

147

148

149

proved, and sealed or defaced and destroyed by

him, to be paid by the owners thereof, respectively, for whom the service is rendered. Provided, That such sealer shall not have exceeding

twenty -five cents for his regular fees (or where

proper not exceeding fifty cents for double fees),

for any one scale and set of weights, or for any

one set of measures.

The seals and other things necessary to enable

them to perform their duty, shall be procured

by the sealers, and the costs thereof shall be a charge on their respective counties.

A person may at any time call upon the sealer

of his county to try and prove the weights and

measures of such person, he paying therefor the

regular fees, or double the fees if the service be

rendered at his own house, store or shop.

If the superintendent, or any sealer of weights

and measures shall fail to perform any duty

imposed on him, he shall forfeit twenty dollars

for each offence.

If any person in the county in which the

weights, measures and balances have been provided as required in section five of this chapter,

shall sell or offer to sell any commodity, buy, or keep for buying and selling, any scales, balances,

steelyards, weights or measures not sealed ac- cording to law, he shall forfeit for each offence

a sum not exceeding ten dollars.

Once in every five years the director of each

bank shall have the weights used in such bank

tried, proved and sealed, either by the superintendent or a sealer of weights and measures.

No tender by any bank in this state of gold

weighed with weights not so sealed shall be

legal. The payer to, or receiver from, any such

bank, of gold, may require that it shall be

weighed in each scale, and the mean weight

1882 Warth'sCode,

1899, chap.

69, p. 63f.

Sec. 10.

1882 Sec. 11.

Sec. 12.

Sec. 13.

Sec. 14.

Sec. 15.

Sec. 16.
WEIGHTS AND MEASUKES OF THE UNITED STATES. 447

W. VA.

Reference. ; Date. Provisions.

Wiirth'sCode, 1899, p. 634

Sec. 16.

Sec. 17.

Sec. 17a.

Alts of West

VI rg 111 1 a, regular ses- siim, 1901,

oil a p. ao,

p. 71. Sec. 1.

Sec. 2.

1866

1882

1883

1901

Feb. 22

resulting therefrom shall be deemed the true

weight.

The standard weight of the articles hereinafter named shall be as follows : Of bituminous

coal, eighty pounds per bushel; of wheat,

beans, potatoes or clover-seed, sixty pounds per

bushel ; of rye, corn or flaxseed, fifty -six pounds

per bushel; of barley, forty -eight pounds per

bushel; of oats, thirty -two pounds per bushel;

of buckwheat, fifty -two pounds per bushel; of

timothy seed, forty -five pounds per bushel; of

dried peaches, thirty -three pounds per bushel;

of dried apples, twenty -five pounds per bushel.

That "Scribner's rule" for the measurement

of logs, lumber and timber of all kinds, is hereby

established as the lawful rule in this state for

the measurement of all kinds of lumber, logs

and timber, unless some other rule be agreed to. Where the amount of wages paid to any of the

persons employed in any manufacturing, mining, or otherwise public enterprise employing

labor, depend upon the amount produced by

weight or measure, the persons so employed

may, at their own cost, station or appoint at

each place appointed for the weighing or measuring of the products of their labor a check

weighman or measurer, who shall in all cases be

appointed by a majority ballot of the workmen

employed at the works where he is appointed to

act as such check -weighman or measurer.

Every corporation, company, or person en- gaged in the business of mining coal in this

State, where such check -weighman is employed

by the miners working at such mines, shall furnish such check -weighman with a check or number and pay the said check -weighman for

all coal placed to his check or number same per

ton as is paid to the miners. Each of the per- sons so employed to see the weighing of said

Subject.

standard weight.

Timber measnre.

Weighing of certain products provided

for.

Duties of operators,

etc>
448

W. VA. WEIGHTS AND MEASUEES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject.

Oiitli of Welshman.

Law applicable in what cases.

Where welgrhman

selected by operator and employee; what

not necessary.

Act to lie given to srand jury.

Provisions.

189

190

191

192

193

194

196

196

197

198

109

200

201

202

20.^

204

205

206

207

208

209

210

211

212

213

214

216

216

217

218

219

220

221

coal before entering upon the discharge of the

duties of his employment shall take and subscribe an oath before a justice of the peace or a notary public, that he will honestly and impartially do and perform the duties of his employment and do equal and exact justice between

employers and employes to the best of his

judgment, skill and ability.

This act shall apply to all weights, balances,

steelyards, and weighing machines and measures

used in any factory, mine, mill or otherwise industrial concerns, for determining the wages

payable to any person employed according to the

mineral or otherwise products produced by them

through their labors.

Where the weighman is mutually selected by

the consent of a majority of the miners working in any mine and the operator or agent of

said company, it shall not be considered necessary to employ said check -weighman, but at

any time that either of the parties to said agree - ment should become dissatisfied with said

weighman they may dismiss him on ten days'

notice or the miners may employ a check

weighman. Any corporation, company, or person violating any of the provisions of this act

shall be guilty of a misdemeanor, and upon conviction thereof, shall be fined for each and every

offence not less than ten nor more than two

hundred dollars.

It shall be the duty of every court in each

county, in which any such local mine is operated

and in which a grand jury is impaneled, to give

this act in charge to the grand jury.

Date. Eeference.

1901
wisco^s^sm.

WIS.

Reference. Date Provisions. Subject.

1868

1885 The weights and measures and the scales and

beams, and such as shall be made under the direction of the state sealer of weights and measures in conformity therewith, which are now or may be hereafter deposited with the said sealer

shall be preserved by him and be the public

standards.

The custody of said standards is given to the

department of engineering of the state university subject to the control of the board of regents

thereof, and the professor of engineering shall

be the state sealer of weights and measures. He

shall keep a seal which shall be so formed as to

impress the letters "Wis." upon the weights

and measures, scales and beams sealed by him,

with which he shall seal all authorized public

standard weights and measures, scales and

beams provided by the several counties, when

tried and proved to be in conformity to the

standard weights and measures, scales and

beams aforesaid.

The county board of each county shall procure

at the expense of the county, and shall keep at

all times a complete set of weights and measures, scales and beams, in exact conformity to

the public standards, except that they may be

made of suitable materials as such board may

direct; all such weights and measures, scales

and beams having been tried and accurately

proved by him shall be sealed and certified to by

the state sealer of weights and measures and

shall be then deposited with and preserved by

the county treasurer as public standards for the

19150—05 29

20

21

22

24

25

27

28

30

31

32

Public standards.

State sealer and seal.

Duty o( county board and clerk.

449
450 WEIGHTS AND MEASUEE8 OF THE UNITED STATES.

WIS.

Subject. Provisions. Date. Reference.

County standards. 3* county. Whenever the county board shall neg35 lect for six months so to do the county clerk, on

36 notification and request by the treasurer, shall

37 provide such standards and cause the same to

38 be so tried, proved, sealed, certified and depos39 ited at the expense of the county.

1858 1886 Statutes,

1898, Tol.

1, p.1196.

Sec. 1660.

Treasurer, custodian,

fees. *o The treasurer of each county shall be the

41 county sealer of weights and measures and shall

42 keep a seal generally similar to that required to

43 be kept by the state sealer of weights and meas -

44 ures, with which he shall seal the weights and

45 measures, scales and beams provided by the

46 several towns, when tried and proved by him in

47 conformity to the public standards in his office.

48 He shall be entitled to receive a fee of five cents

49 for the first sealing, and three cents for every

50 subsequent sealing of each weight, measure,

51 scale and beam sealed by him. Once in every

52 five years from the first day of January, 1900,

53 each county treasurer for the time being shall

54 cause the standards in his keeping to be tried,

55 proved and sealed by the state standards, under

56 the direction of the state sealer of weights and

57 measures.

Sec. 1661.

Tomi board maj procure. 58 The town board of each organized town may,

59 at any time in their discretion, procure, and re60 place when necessary, for the use and at the

61 expense of the town, a complete set or partial

62 set of weights and measures, scales and beams,

63 in exact conformity to the public standard kept

64 by the county treasurer or state sealer of

65 weights and measures, which shall be tried and

66 proved, sealed and certified by the state sealer

67 of weights and measures or county treasurer,

68 and shall then be deposited with and preserved

69 by the town clerk as public standards for the

70 town. The town clerk shall be the town sealer

71 of weights and measures, may have a like seal

Sec. 1663.
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES. 451

WIS.

1 Reference. Date. Provisions. Subject.

Statntes,

1898, TOl. l,p. 1196.

Sec. 1662.

Sec. 1663.

Sec. 1664.

Sec. 1665.

SesslonLaiTS, 1901, chap.

111. •

1898

1901 Mar. 30

and receive like fees as the county treasurer. 72 Once in every five years from the first day of

February, 1900, the town clerk shall cause all -* standards in his keeping to be tried, proved and

sealed by the county standards under the direc- <« tion of the county treasurer. << If any sealer of weights and measures shall

neglect to perform any duty imposed by law or

shall prove and seal any weight, measure, scale so or beam by any public standard which shall not si have been tried, proved and sealed as prescribed §2 by this chapter he shall forfeit for each such

offense ten dollars.

The vibrating steelyards which have hereto- 8« fore been allowed and used in this state may

continue to be used; but such beams and the

poises thereof shall be annually tried, proved

and sealed by a sealer of weights and measures 89 like other beams and weights. 90 The following ° shall be the legal standard of 91 weights and measures in this state. The avoir- 92 dupois pound to bear to the troy pound, the re- 93 lation of seven thousand to five thousand seven 94 hundred and sixty. Whenever either of the 95 articles as commodities in this section men- 96 tioned, shall be sold by the bushel, and no 97 special agreement as to the weights thereof shall 98 be made, the measure thereof shall be ascer- 99 tained by weight, and shall be computed as 100 follows: sixty pounds for a bushel of wheat, 101 peas, potatoes, clover seed or beans; fifty-seven 102 pounds for a bushel of onions ; fifty -six pounds 103 for a bushel of Indian corn, rye, flaxseed or lo* rutabagas; fifty -four pounds for a bushel of 10.5 g^gg^ potatoes ; fifty pounds for a bushel of corn km* meal, rape seed, millet seed, beets, green cu- 107 cumbers, apples, rye meal, carrots, buckwheat, i«8 or fine salt; forty -eight pounds for a bushel of 109

| As amended by session laws of 1901, chapter 111.

Proving town standards.

Sealer's liability.

Steelyards to be tried.

Weight of bushel.
452

WIS. WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject. Provisions. Date. Reference.

^elght ot bushel.

Cord of bark.

Bushel a ml half

bushel.

Hundredweight and

ton.

10 barley, or Hungarian grass seed; forty -five

11 pounds for a bushel of Timothy seed or rough

12 rice; forty -four pounds for a bushel of hemp

13 seed, parsnips, or Sea Island cotton seed ; forty

1* two pounds for a bushel of turnips; thirty -four

15 pounds for a bushel of barley malt ; thirty -three

16 pounds for a bushel of dried peaches; thirty

17 two pounds for a bushel of oats ; thirty pounds

18 for a bushel of upland cotton seed; twenty-five

19 pounds for a bushel of dried apples; twenty

20 pounds for a bushel of bran or shorts ; seventy

21 pounds for a bushel of coarse salt or lime ; eighty

22 pounds for a bushel of unslacked lime; eight

23 pounds for a bushel of plastering hair, and two

2* thousand two hundred and forty pounds for a

25 cord of hemlock bark.

26 This act shall take effect and be in force from

27 and after its passage and publication.

28 Approved March 30, 1901.

29 The bushel in heap measure shall contain two

30 thousand one hundred and fifty and forty -two

31 hundredths cubic inches. The half bushel and

32 the parts thereof shall correspond in capacity

33 to that of the bushel and shall be the standard

34 measure for charcoal, fruits and other com35 modities customarily sold by heaped measure

36 and in measuring such commodities the half

37 bushel or other smaller measure shall be heaped

38 as high (as) may be without special effort or

39 design.

40 When any commodity shall be sold by the

41 hundred weight it shall be understood to mean

42 the net weight of one hundred pounds avoirdu43 pois, and all contracts concerning goods or

44 commodities sold by weight shall be construed

45 accordingly unless such construction would be

46 manifestly inconsistent with the special agree

4' ment of the parties contracting. When any

48 commodity is sold by the ton it shall be under

1898

(1901) Statutes

,

1898, vol.

1, p. 1197, Sec. 1666. Amended

Session

Laws, 1901,

chap. Ill,

sec. 1.

1868 1896

(Sec. 2.)

Sec. 1666.

Sec. 1667.
WEIGHTS AND MEASUKES OF THE UNITED STATES. 453

WIS.

Date. Provisions. Subject.

1858

1895

1874

1896

stood to mean the net weight of twenty hundred

avoirdupois pounds unless such construction

would be manifestly inconsistent with the special agreement of the parties contracting.

A barrel shall contain thirty -one and onehalf gallons and the hogshead two barrels. A

dry gallon shall contain two hundred eighty

two cubic inches ; the liquid gallon two hundred

thirty -one cubic inches. A barrel of flour

measured by weight shall contain one hundred

ninety-six pounds; a barrel of potatoes, one

hundred and seventy -two pounds; a barrel of

unslacked lime, two hundred pounds. A barrel

of apples or pears shall represent a quantity

equal to one hundred quarts of grain or dry

measure. The cranberry barrel shall be twenty

five and one -half inches high, sixteen inches in

diameter at the heads and eighteen inches in

diameter at the bilge, inside measui'e; and the

dimensions of the cranberry crate shall be

twenty -two inches long, twelve inches wide, by

seven and one -half inches high, inside measure.

Every maker of cranberry barrels shall stamp

or brand on each such barrel his name with

these letters over it " W. S." Any person selling cranberries in barrels of less capacity than

is herein provided for, shall be liable to the

purchaser in damages to three times the amount

of the shortage therein, and any person who

shall stamp or brand a cranberry barrel of less

capacity than is herein prescribed, with the letters aforesaid, shall forfeit to the complainant,

not less than five, nor more than twenty -five

dollars for each offense. A contract for berries

by the barrel or the crate unless it is otherwise

specially stipulated, shall be construed to mean

barrels or crates of the dimensions herein prescribed.

« As amended by Session Laws 1899, chapter 334, section 1.

Special agreements.

Barrel and hogshead.

Dry gallon.

Weights of barrel.

Apple barrel.

Barrel, cranberry

measure.

Stamping barrels.

Fine for stamping

short barrels.
454

WIS. WEIGHTS AND MEASUEES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject.

Hop boxes.

' MiKlard t'ur grain.

(jraln tester, used. how

Penalty.

Provisions.

187

188

189

190

191

192

193

194

196

196

197

198

199

200

201

202

203

204

205

206

207

308

209

210

211

212

213

214

215

216

217

218

219

220

221

222

223

224

This act shall take effect and be in force, from

and after its passage and publication.

Approved May 3, 1899.

The standard size of boxes used for picking

hops shall be not exceeding. three feet long, one

and one -half feet wide and two feet deep, inside

measure.

No person shall sell, buy or receive in store

any grain at any weight or measure per bushel

other than the standard weight or measure per

bushel fixed by law ; and for any violation hereof

the offender shall forfeit not less than five nor

more than fifty dollars.

No person shall determine the grade of any

grain which is bought or received in store at

any mill, elevator, warehouse or storehouse by

the use of any grain tester that is not sealed in

accordance with the United States standard of

measure and which sealer is not in accordance

therewith at the time it is used. When grain

is tested at the instance of the seller the tester

shall be filled by pouring the grain into it from

a scoop or a similar vessel, and when the tester

is filled it shall be struck or leveled with three

zigzag movements of a straight edge. Any

person who shall violate the provisions of this

section and thereby cheat or defraud the seller or buyer of any grain shall be punished as is

provided in section 4432.

Any produce merchant, warehouseman, miller or storage, forwarding or commission merchant or any other person who shall willfully use false weights or measures in the buying or

selling of any commodity or thing, and thereby

shall cheat or defraud the seller or buyer of any

such commodity or thing; or any person who

shall sell or offer to sell or have in his possession

for the purpose of selling, any device or machine

« As amended by Session Laws of 1901, chapter 108.

Date.

1899 Mays.

1866

1867

1872

1856

1868

1901

Mar, 30.

Referenct.

S e s s 1 u Laws, 1899

chap. 334.

Sec. 2.

Statutes

1898, vol

1, p. 1198

Sec. 1669.

Sec. 1670.

Sec. 1670a.

Sec. 4432.0
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES. 455

WIS.

Eel'erence. Date. Provisions. Subject.

Statutes. 1856

1898. Tol. I 1858

1, p. 1198. 1901

Sec. iiii.a Mar. 30

1898

to be used to or calculated to falsify any Treight 225 or measure, shall be punished by imprisonment 226 in the county jail not more than one year or by 227 fine not exceeding five hundred dollars ; but in 228 case the amount of damages occasioned by such 229 cheat or fraud, shall not exceed twenty dollars 230 he shall be punished by imprisonment in the 231 county jail not more than three months or by 232 fine not exceeding one hundred dollars. 233 Each lumber inspector shall, in person or by 234 deputy, at the request of any owner of logs, 235 timber or lumber, after a scalement or meas- 236 urement thereof, make a bill, stating therein 237 the number of logs, the number of feet, board 238 measure, contained in such logs and lumber, 239 and the number of feet, cubic, running or board 210 measure, contained in said timber, and at whose 241 request the same were scaled or measured and 212 to whom scaled or measured, a copy of which

bill he shall enter upon the books of his office,

to be provided by him and kept for that purpose, with the marks as they occurred upon the

logs. A correct bill of the same shall be given

to such owner, with a certificate thereto attached that it is a true and correct bill, which

bill so certified shall be presumptive evidence 250 of the facts therein contained and of the cor- 251 rectness of such scalement or measurement in 252 all courts, except in favor of the inspector or 253 deputy inspector who made the same. 251 A scale bill not properly certified but identi- 255 fied, and its correctness shown by testimony, is 256 admissible as evidence in an action for the price 257 of logs sold: (Christie v. Keator, 49 Wis. 640.) 258 So of a scale bill submitted to the opposite 259 party and by him admitted to be correct : (Smith 260 V. Schulenberg, 34 Wis. 41.) 261 A scale bill properly certified is the best evi- 262 dence of the number of feet in the lot of logs

243

244

245

246

247

248

249

Fine and

nient. ImprlsonEffect of scale bills

263

Scale bill as evidence.
456

WIS. WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject. Provisions. Date.

Scale bill as eTidence.

Roles for measure- ment of lumber.

Standard rule.

264

265

266

267

268

269

270

271

272

273

274

275

276

277

278

279

280

281

282

283

284

285

286

287

288

289

290

291

292

293

294

295

296

297

298

299

scaled and measured: Steele v. Schricker, 55

Wis. 134. It seems that contents of the scale

cannot be shown by parol: Fornette v. Carmichael, 41 Wis. 200.

Being only, in the language of the statute,

presumptive evidence of the facts and statements it contains, a scale bill and certificate

may be impeached for mistake or fraud on the

part of the inspector in making the same.

Gardner v. Wilber, 75 Wis. 601; Gates v. Young, 78 id. 98, 82 id. 272.

Each lumber inspector and his deputies shall,

in surveying or measuring logs, make such

allowance for hollow, rotten or crooked logs as would make them equal to good, sound, straight,

merchantable logs ; and all logs that are straight

and sound are to be measured at their full size,

inside the bark at the small end, and all logs over twenty -four feet long and not exceeding

thirty -six feet, shall be scaled or measured as two logs, allowing such rise from the first to

the second log as the same may require or as may seem proper in the opinion of the inspector

or his deputy. Each lumber inspector shall

require of each of his deputies, at the end of

each month, a correct account of all the logs,

lumber or timber measured by him during the

month next preceding, and he shall immediately enter such account upon the books of his

office.

The Scribner rule shall be the standard rule

for scaling or measuring logs in the said districts, but other rules may be used at the request

of the owner of logs ; but in all such cases the

bill of the inspector shall state by what rule the

logs were scaled or measured.

1898
WYO.

Date. Provisions.

1887 The weights, measures and balanGes as adopted by the United States government,

and as at present in use by said government,

or as may be changed and altered at any time

hereafter by said government, are hereby

adopted and established as the legal public

standard weights, measures and balances of

this state, and when received from the United

States government shall be turned over to the

state librarian who shall be authorized to act

as superintendent of weights, measures and

balances of this state, and who shall receive out

of the state treasury, out of any of the moneys

not otherwise appropriated, an annual compensation of one hundred dollars per annum as payment for said services, and the state auditor

is hereby directed to pay the freight on said

standard balances, weights and measures from

Washington, D, C, to Cheyenne, Wyoming, out

of any moneys in the treasury not otherwise

appropriated.

The state librarian shall be authorized, and is

hereby directed to contract for and have manufactured a sufficient number of sets of balances,

weights and measures (the measures to be out

of tin, cast iron, brass or compositions) as will

be necessary to supply each county within the

state, the said balances, weights and measures

to be delivered by the contractor at the office of

the state librarian as they may be required by

said state librarian, and they shall be paid for

on the order of said state librarian out of any

money in the treasury not otherwise appropriated.

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

•la

26

27

28

29

30

31

32

33

34

Subject.

Standard.

Compensation for

custodian.

Pnrchase of standards

for each county.

457
458

WTO. WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject. Provisions. Date.

Counties to pay for connty standards. 35

Specified standards to be kept by counties.

Assessor to be custo- dian and sealer of weights.

Upon the application of the county commis36 sioners of any county, the state librarian shall

37 furnish said county with such balances, weights

38 and measures as said commissioner shall designs nate as required, but before receiving the same,

*o the said county shall pay into the public treas-

*i ury the amount paid by the state for the same

42 Provided, that nothing herein contained shall

*3 be so construed as to authorize the state libra

rian to have manufactured at public expense a

*6 larger number of sets of balances, weights and

*6 measures than may be necessary to fill the call

47 of the county commissioners upon him as above

*8 mentioned.

*9 The county commissioners of every county

60 shall constantly keep for the use and at the cost

51 of such county, the following weights, measures

52 and balances, conformable to said standards and

53 seals, and sealed by said state librarian, that is

5* to say of dry measure, one half bushel, one peck,

56 and one half peck ; of wine measure, one gallon,

66 one quart, one pint, and one gill; one set of

57 brass weights up to four pounds, computed at

68 sixteen ounces to the pound, with suitable scales

69 and steel beam; one set of iron weights from

60 one pound to fifty pounds; also, of long meas61 ure, one yard and a set of troy weights from the

62 lowest denomination to eight ounces. Each of

63 said measures, weights and balances shall be

64 verified by the superintendent and sealed by

65 him in a durable manner, according to its true

66 weight, capacity or length.

67 The weights, balances and measures provided

68 for each county shall be in the keeping of the

69 county assessor, and shall be kept in such place

70 as the county commissioners may determine,

71 and said county assessor shall be sealer of

72 weights and measures for the county in which

73 he is assessor.
WEIGHTS AND MEASUEES OF THE UNITED STATES. 459

WTO.

Date. Provisions. Subject.

Once in each year from the time at which 74 they are first sealed, the said sealer of weights

and measures shall cause them to be tried and

proved by the said public standards, under the

direction of the state librarian, and sealed by

him anew, and if any sealer of weights and

measures shall fail so to do, he shall be deemed

guilty of a misdemeanor, and upon conviction

thereof, fined in a sum not exceeding fifty

dollars.

Every sealer of weights and measures shall,

at least once in every year, advertise in some

convenient newspaper, or put up notifications

in different parts of the county, of the times and

places when and where he will attend for the

purpose of trying and proving such balances and

weights and measures as may be brought to him

for that purpose. Those which may be found

or can be made to agree with the standards

shall be sealed by him accordingly, and he shall

deface or destroy all such as do not and cannot

be made to agree therewith.

The said sealer of balances and weights and

measures for each county shall, once in each

year, go to the houses, stores or shops of every

person within the county (in which he is elected

assessor) who uses balances, steel -yards, platform scales or balances, weights or measures,

for the purpose of buying and selling, and has 102 failed for one year to bring or send them in at i"* the times or places mentioned, notified and 10* advertised by him, and also to all hay scales 103 and platform balances kept for public use, and i«e there try and prove such scales, balances steel- lo? yards, weights and measures, and seal, or deface ">» and destroy them as may be proper. In the io« cases mentioned in this section the sealer of ii« weights and measures shall have double the m

76

77

79

80

81

82

88

84

8G

88

90

91

92

93

94

95

96

97

98

99

100

County standards tu be annually tested.

Notice of weights

county.

proving

In the

amount of his regular fees. 112

Annual sealing of weights in the

county.
460

WTO. WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject. Provisions. Date. Reference.

Expenses of obtaining seals, by whom

paid.

Fees ot county sealers.

Sealer to prove

weights on request.

113 The seals and other things necessary to enable

114 them to perform their duty shall be procured by

115 the state librarian and sealers. The cost of such

116 as are procured by the state librarian shall be

1" paid on the order of the State librarian out of

118 any state funds not otherwise appropriated, and

119 the cost of such as are procured by a sealer of

120 weights and measures shall be a charge on and

121 paid by the county in which he was elected

122 assessor.

123 Each sealer of weights and measures is

124 allowed to receive for his services fees as fol126 lows: For sealing and marking every beam,

126 twenty -five cents; for sealing and marking

127 measures of extension, at the rate of ten cents

128 per yard, not to exceed twenty -five cents on any

129 one measure; for sealing and marking every

130 weight, five cents; for sealing and marking

131 liquid and dry measures, if the same be one

132 gallon or more, twenty -five cents, and if less

133 than one gallon, ten cents; and he may charge

131 a reasonable compensation for time actually

135 and necessarily employed in fixing, altering or

136 repairing defective balances, weights or meas137 ures, so as to make them conform to the stand -

138 ard, such compensation in no case to exceed the

139 rate of fifty cents per hour for time actually

140 employed, and he shall make no charge when

141 the time employed is less than fifteen minutes.

142 Such fees received as above provided shall be in

143 full for all compensation as sealer of weights

141 and measures, and no charge shall be made

145 against any county in the state for such services.

146 Any person may call at any time upon the

147 sealer of weights and measures, in his county

148 to try and prove the weights and measures of

149 such person, he paying therefor the regular fees,

150 or double fees, if the service be rendered at his

151 own house, store or shop: Provided, That if

Bevlsed Statutes, 1899,

p. 651-2.

Sec. 2316.

Sec. 2317.

Sec. 2318.
WEIGHTS AifD MEASUEES OF THE UNITED STATES. 461

WTO.

Eeference. Date. Provisions. Subject.

any person shall call upon the sealer of weights

and measures to go to his house, store or shop

to perform any duties under this chapter, he

shall pay in addition to the fees above provided,

the reasonable expenses of such sealer of weights

and measures where the distance necessarily

traveled shall be over three miles.

If any board of county commissioners shall

refuse to provide and keep the weights, measm'es and balances prescribed by law, every

member of such board of county commissioners

so refusing shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and upon conviction thereof shall be

fined in a sum of not less than five dollars nor

more than fifty dollars.

If the state librarian or any sealer of weights and

measures of any county, shall wilfully or negligently fail to perform any duty imposed on him by

the provisions of this chapter, he shall be deemed

guilty of a misdemeanor, and upon conviction

thereof shall be fined not less than five dollars

nor more than fifty dollars for each offence.

If any person shall s«ll or offer to sell, any

commodity by, or keep for buying or selling by,

any scales, balances, steelyards, weights, or measures not sealed according to law, he shall

be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and upon

conviction thereof fined for each offense in a sum not less than five nor more than fifty dollars

Provided, That if upon such scales, balances,

steelyards, weights or measures being examined

and proved by the sealer of weights and measures, they shall prove to be correct, he shall not

be liable for the above fine.

Once in every year every bank or banking

house either public or private, shall have the

weights used in such bank or banking liouse

tried, proved and sealed, either by the state

librarian or by the sealer of weights and measExpenses.

Commissioners refas- Ine to p r T i d e standards: penalty.

Xegleet of duty by

officers; penaltj".

Penalty for using

incorrect weishts.

Banks must liare nelshts sealed.
462

wxo.

WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject. Provisions. Date.

I'fiialty fir fiiilurc

l)v bank.

Certain cities to hare

public scales.

Certain iTelghts to be annually tested.

City \Telghmasters to elre weight certifi- cates.

191

192

193

194

195

196

197

198

199

200

201

202

203

204

205

206

207

208

209

210

211

212

213

214

216

216

217

218

219

220

221

222

223

224

225

226

227

228

229

ures in the county in which such bank or banking house is situated.

If the officers of any bank, or owner of any

banking house shall fail to comply with the pro - visions of the foregoing section, they shall be

deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and upon conviction thereof fined in a sum not less than five

dollars nor more than fifty dollars for each

offense : Provided, That none of the provisions

of this chapter shall be so construed as to prohibit the use of spring or platform scales generally used by butchers or other persons : Pro - vided further, That when such spring or platform scales are used by any person or persons

they shall be tested at least once in each year,

and sealed, as in case of other scales or balances.

It shall be the duty of said county commission - ers to see that every city and town in their county

containing two thousand or more inhabitants is

provided with public scales for weighing of coal,

hay and other merchandise, sold by weight, and

that every city and town council in their respective counties shall apppint a city or town weigh

master, whose services shall be paid for by the

city or town appointing said weighmaster.

It shall be the duty of the sealer of weights

and measures to test all weights and measures

that are in use for the sale of liquids or solids

in his county, at least once in every twelve

months, and he shall bring action against any

company or person who may defraud or cheat

or attempt to defraud or cheat any person or persons by the use of short weights or measures.

It shall be the duty of all city or town weigh - masters to furnish a certificate of all merchandise weighed by them to teamsters or other

persons who may deliver coal, hay or other

merchandise sold by weight, so that said certificate shall be given to the purchaser.
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES. 463

Reference. Date. Provisions. Subject.

Bevlsed Statutes, 1899,

p. 653.

Sec. 2327.

Revised Statutes, 1899,

dlrlslon 5, title 1

,

chap. 9, p. 1274.

Sec. 6148.

P. 1275.

Sec. 6161.

Session LaTvs of Wyoming, cliap. 82, art. 8. Sec. 3.

1903

Any person violating the provisions of this 230 chapter shall, upon conviction, be fined in a 231 sum of not more than five hundred dollars, or 232 imprisoned in the county jail not more than six 233 months. 234 If any person shall knowingly have, keep, or 235 use any false or fraudulent scales or weights 230 for weighing gold or gold dust, or any other 237 article or commodity, every person so offending 238 shall be fined not more than five hundred dol- 239 lars, or imprisoned in the county jail not more 240 than six months. 241 If any person shall knowingly sell by false 242 weights or measures, or shall knowingly use 243 false weights or measures at any threshing ma- 244 chine, or at any mill, in taking toll for grinding 245 or threshing corn, wheat, rye or other grain and 246 seeds, he shall be deemed a common cheat and 247 shall be fined not more than one hundred dol- 248 lars, and shall be imprisoned in the county jail 249 not more than six months. 250 It shall be unlawful within the State of Wy- 251 oming to sell direct, or permit any person, 252 whether agent, employe or servant, to sell any 253 property of whatsoever character that shall be 254 short in weight or measure, and any person 255 owning or having charge of any scales or steel- 250 yards for the purpose of weighing any property, 257 or who knowingly reports any false or untrue 258 weight, whereby any person may be defrauded 259 or injured, or who shall sell any article of food, 260 beverage or medicine that shall be short in 261 measure by the prescribed and legal measure- 262 ments of this State and shall represent the same 263 to coiiLiaiii a cei Ldin (j[iiaiiiiiy wnicu il does not ^*'4 contain and thus defrauding the purchaser, 265 shall be fined not more than fifty dollars nor 266 imprisoned more than thirty days, or both, at 267 the discretion of the court. 268

Violating tliis cnapter; penalty.

Using false weiglits.

Selling by false

weiglits.

Penalty for sliortage

in weight or measurement.
464

WTO. WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject. Provisions. Date.

Acre-foot deflned.

Maple sugar and syrup

deflned.

Cases and packages must be marked.

Penalty.

269 An acre foot of water, as used in this act is

2'o defined, to be a volume sufficient to cover one

271 acre of land to a vertical depth of one foot, or a

272 total of 43,560 cubic feet.

273 10. This act shall take effect and be in force

274 from and after its passage.

275 For the purpose of this act maple sugar, and

276 maple syrup, shall be the unadulterated product

277 produced by the evaporation of pure sap from

278 the maple or sugar tree. The standard of weight

279 of a gallon of such maple syrup of 231 cubic

280 inches in the State of Wyoming, shall be eleven

281 pounds. And other substance mixed with the

282 maple sugar or maple syrup or any other sub283 stance purporting to be maple sugar or maple

284 syrup shall be deemed to be an adulteration

286 within the meaning of the laws of the State of

286 Wyoming, providing against the adulteration of

287 foods, drugs, and drinks, and such party who

288 makes or offers for sale such adulterated sugar

289 or ,syrup shall be deemed guilty of a misde290 meanor and fined as herein previously provided

291 for,

292 Whoever puts up or packs any goods or arti293 cles sold by weight into any case or package and

294 fails or omits to mark thereon the gross, tare,

29o and net weights thereof, in pounds and fraction

296 of pounds or with intent to defraud, in any way

297 transfers any brand, mark, or stamp, put up on

298 any case or package by any manufacturer, to

299 any other case or package; or, with the like

300 intent repack any case or package marked with

301 the brand, mark or stamp of any manufacturer,

302 with goods or articles inferior to the goods or

303 articles of that manufacturer, shall be fined not

304 more than five hundred dollars, or imprisoned

305 not more than six months.

1903

Feb. 21

1903
WEIGHTS AND MEA8UKES OF THE UNITED STATES. 465

wvo.

Reference, i Date.

1890-91

1890

Provisions. Subject.

It shall be the duty of the state engineer, or some qualified assistant, to proceed at the time

specified in the notice to the parties on said

stream, to be adjudicated, to make an examination of said stream, and the works diverting

water therefrom, said examination to include

the measurement of the discharge of said stream,

and of the carrying capacity of the various

ditches and canals diverting water therefrom

an examination of the irrigated lands, and an

approximate measurement of the lands irrigated

,

or susceptible of irrigation from the various

ditches and canals, which said observation and

measurements shall be reduced to writing, and

made a matter of record in his office; and it shall be the duty of the state engineer to make,

or cause to be made, a map or plat on a scale of

not less than one inch to the mile, showing with

substantial accuracy, the course of said stream,

the location of each ditch or canal diverting

water therefrom, and the legal subdivisions of

lands which have been irrigated, or which are

susceptible of irrigation from the ditches and

canals already constructed.

A cubic foot of water per second of time shall

be the legal standard for the measurement of

water in this state, both for the purpose of

determining the flow of water in natural

streams, and for the purpose of distributing

water therefrom.

It shall be unlawful for any mine owner,

lessee, operator, agent or company in this state,

employing miners at bushel or ton rates, or other quantities, in mining coal, to pass the output of coal mined by said miners over any screen

or any device which shall take any part of the

marketable coal from the amount thereof, before

306

307

308

309

310

311

312

31:!

314

31.>

31(!

317

318

319

320

321

322

323

324

325

326

327

328

329

330

331

332

333

334

335

336

337

338

339

340

341

342

Measurement of

streams and ditches.

Legal stand a r d of

water measurement.

Regulating the weighing of coal.
466

WYO. WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Subject. Provisions. Date.

Regulating the neighing of coal.

Fraudulent irelglilng of coal prohibited.

Penalty.

3*3 the same shall have been weighed and duly

3** credited to the employes sending the same to

3*5 the surface, unless otherwise agreed upon

346 between the miners and their employers. In

3*7 case of any agreement where coal is credited to

3*8 miners after having been screened and weighed,

3*9 said miners or employes shall receive compen350 sation for all marketable or saleable coal sent

351 by them to the surface, and accounted for at

352 the customary rate of weights ; Provided, That

353 this section shall also apply to the class of

36* workers in mines known as loaders engaged in

365 mines where mining is done by machinery

356 whenever the workers are under contract to

367 load coal by the bushel, ton or quantity.

358 It shall be unlawful for any person, company

369 or corporation having or using scales for the

360 purpose of weighing the output of any coal mine

361 in this state, to so arrange or construct the same

362 that fraudulent or incorrect weighing may be

363 done thereby, or to resort to or employ any

364 means by reason of which such coal as may be

365 mined shall be incorrectly weighed and reported.

366 Any person, company, or corporation, or

367 agent or employe of any person, company, or

368 corporation, who shall violate any of the proses visions of the two preceding sections, shall be

370 fined not more than one hundred dollars, or

371 imprisoned in the county jail not more than

372 three months, or both.

1890
APPENDIX.

LEGAL WEIGHTS OF BUSHEL.

The following legal weights (in pounds) per bushel of various commodities

have been established by State statutes in not more than two States

Apple seeds, 40 pounds (Rhode Island and Tennessee). Beggarweed seed, 62 pounds (Florida). Blackberries, 32 pounds (lofva) ; 48 pounds (Tennessee); dried, 28 pounds (Tennessee). Blueberries, 42 pounds (Minnesota). Bromus Inermus, 14 pounds (North Dakota).

Cabbage, 50 pounds (Tennessee).

^ Canary seed, 60 pounds (Tennessee). Cantaloupe melon, 50 pounds (Tennessee). Cement, 80 pounds (Tennessee).

Cherries, 40 pounds (Iowa) ; with stems, 66 pounds (Tennessee) ; without stems, 64 pounds (Tennessee).

Chestnuts, 50 pounds (Tennessee); 57 pounds (Virginia). Chufn, 54 pounds (Florida). Cotton seed, staple, 42 pounds (South Carolina). Cucumbers, 48 pounds (Missouri and Tennessee); oO pounds (Wisconsin). Currants, 40 pounds (Iowa and Minnesota).

Feed, 50 pounds (Massachusetts).

f Grapes, 40 pounds (Iowa) ; with stems, 48 pounds (Tennessee) ; without stems, 60 pounds (Tennessee),

(juavas, 54 pounds (Florida). Hickory nnts, 50 pounds (Tennessee). Hominy, 60 pounds (Ohio): 62 pounds (Tennessee).

Horseradish, 50 pounds (Tennessee).

Italian rye-grass seed, 20 pounds (Tennessee). Johnson grass, 28 pounds (Arkansas). KafBr corn, 56 pounds (Kansas).

Kale, 30 pounds (Tennessee).

Land plaster, 100 pounds (Tennessee). Meal (!), 46 pounds (Alabama); unbolted, 48 pounds (Alabama).

Middlings, line, 40 pounds (Indiana); coarse middlings, 30 pounds (Indiana).

Millet, Japanese barnyard, 35 pounds (Massachusetts). Mustard, 30 pounds (Tennessee).

Plums, 40 pounds (Florida); 64 pounds (Tennessee). Plums, dried, 28 pounds (Michigan). Popcorn, 70 pounds (Indiana and Tennessee); In the car, 42 pounds (Uhlo). Prunes, dried, 28 pounds (Idaho); green, 45 pounds (Idaho),

({ulnces, 48 pounds (Florida, Iowa, and Tennessee).

Bape seed, .iO pounds (AVisconsin)

Raspberries, 32 pounds (Kansas); 48 pounds (Tennessee). Rhuliarh, 50 pounds (Tennessee). Sage, 4 pounds (Tennessee).

Salads. 30 pounds (Tennessee). Sand, 130 pounds (Iowa).

Spelt or spiltz, 40 pounds (Xorth Dakota); 45 pounds (South Dakota).

Spinach, 30 pounds (Tennessee).

Strawberries, 32 pounds (Iowa); 48 pounds (Tennessee). Sugar-cane seed, 57 pounds (New Jersey). Velvet-grass seed, 7 pounds (Tennessee). Walnuts, 50 pounds (Tennessee). A list of the legal weights per bushel for other commodities is given on

i.T~„ :
468 WEIGHTS AND MEASUEES OF UNITED STATES APPENDIX.

LEGAL WEIGHTS (IX POUNDS) PER BUSHEL.

Apples.

£

CS a

Beans.

s>oa

9

acX

m

h

eca5

*

smn

Drooni-corn

seed.

9a

o

u

a

sie

«

9

X

u

Coal.

ew

Corn.

*a

S

a

hi©o

*«a

a

»

Sc

s.

ci a«a

*

s

a . S

o J

*

"ae <

X

9

a_; -a

a e e

a

5 o

V

oo

a

sa

, *'9 _ GJ a|

(T , °9-= » 5

a X

"" 9

a-5 Sa

as

Ve

V. s 48

4745

4850

4848

50 42 80 56 48

Ala 24 60

a60

70 75 56

Ariz 54 Ark 24 14 20 48 1 52 60 70 74 56 48

«;ai 40

5248

Colo 60

60 14 60

60

80 80 70 50 Conn .. Del 48 25 c60 20 .... 50 20

20 80

Fla .... Ga648 24

24

48

4748

48

48

<i60 e60

48 20 /20

70 56

56

48 14 52 60 80 70 48 Hanall

Idaho..

Ill

--•1

645 2824 42

52 6060

.... e60 46 14 20 80 .... 70 56 48

Ind. T

Ind 25

2424

24

4848

48

47

48

48

606060

e60

^646

46

1414

!14 14

5052

50

56

60

6060

60

80 (») ft70 i70

565650

Iowa... Kans .. Ky

48

648

2020

20

30

.... 20 8080

76

38

50 *45 76 76 76 76 76 50

56

56

56 LaMe 44 60 60 48 50 150 Md 20

Mass.

Mich... Minn .

Miss

48

48 650

25

22

28

2624

24

48

48

48

48

48

48

48

'"606060

e60 o60

60

e60

20 48

4850

48

5252

52

50

45

6060

60

60

6060

60

".50 66

56

56

56

56

56

50

46 14 50 14

14

14

1414

20

80 '70

70

72

50 57 80

46

46 20

20

2020

80 48

50

5050

Mo 4845

50

50 80

76

70 Mont .. i\el)r 50 70 46 80 70 NeT

>. H 6260

56 60

S. J ... S. Mex

50 25 48 50 64

\. y ... 48 25 48

48

4848

4846

4748

60 20 4850

42

50

42

42

48

48

50 6060

60

60

60

6060

60

50

>. ('

>. Dak.

Ohio... Okla

50

50 24

60

60

60

60

5660

20 30 80 70

68

70

56

56

66 50 80 70 4020 30 80

Oreg... Pa

45 28

50 Ml820

'•75

80

76 40

40

58

R. I ... 48 25 60 46 50 20 70 56 60

s48

S. Dak 48

48

48

60

of 60 e60

60

50

20

2020

30

42

4250

42

60

II 60

808080

70

70 5656

56

Tenn .. Tex

Utah

650

45

24

28

46 14 50 .)•> 40 1-74

22 60 i--

70 72

Vt 46

282825

25

48

48

48

4848

62

e60

60 48

52

50 606060

60

Va 14 80 70 56 50 Wash .

W.Ta

645 42

52

.50 6060

80 56

Wis.... Wyo

50 50 20 50 60 50

)

1 *Not defined.

" Small white beans. 60 pounds.

6 Green apple.s. .Sugar beets and mangel wurzel. Shelled beans. 60 pound?; vel- vet beans, 78 pounds.

e White beans. / Wheat bran. eCorn in ear, 70 pounds until Dec. 1 next after grown; 68 pounds thereafter.

'' In the cob.

' English blue-grass .seed, 22 pounds; native blue-grass

.seed, 14 pounds.

J Indian corn in ear.

k Corn in ear, from Nov. 1 to May

1 following, 70 pounds; 68 pounds from May 1 to Nov. 1.

' Indian-corn meal.

"1 Soy beans, 58 pounds.

" Cracked corn.

o Green unshelled beans, 30 pounds. P Commercially dry, for all hard

woods.

3 Fifteen pounds commercially

dry. for all soft woods.

'• Standard weight in borough of Greensburg.

•-•Standard weight bushel corn meal bolted or unbolted, 48 pounds.

' Dried beans.

" Red and white. 'Green unshelled corn, 100 pounds.
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF UNITED STATES—APPENDIX. 469

LEGAL WEIGHTS (IN POUNDS) PER BUSHEL—Continued.

Corn

meal,

bolted.

Oorn

meal,

unbolted. Cotton seed.

«

u

.aa

Flaxseed

(Unseed).

a>u

9

eJ

u

.asa

1-•gS

Oh

•a9

goa

§

m

u

'2

OR

klec

—

Sa S9

ao

Sia

aa

N

"3Sue

au

o

•3a

Lime.

"a

CD aO

Onions.

X

Osage

orange

seed.

z

X

a

Peaches.

*

X

ae

o

9

a-a — ao

o

-2 «

a

oo . •a ® 1-

P. S

*

S

a a

*a

e5

00ao

'aO

X

u

U

SiuO

*

00

a

ao"

1 'Sa.

1-A

u s 56 34 32

32

32

32

32

32

32

V. S. Ala. Ariz. Ark.

Cal.

Colo. Conn.

Del. D. C. Fla.

Ga. Hawaii.

Idaho,

lU.

Ind. T.

Ind. Iowa. Kans.

Ky.

La. Me. Md.

Mass. Mich. Minn.

Miss. Mo.

Mont.

Nebr.

Xev.

X. H.

J. N. Mex.

N. ¥. S. C.

Ala .32 38

Ariz Ark 33| 56 50 57

Cal 52

56

56

56

Colo 44 80

70

57 44 30 55 45 52 45 33

jjgl D C

44 48

Fla 323046 50 82

32

32

36

32

56

57

a"4 33

tia 56 8 44 80 38 56

56 56

111 56 44 80 38 57 Ind T

33 44

44

4444

635 50

50

5050

32

32

32 d32

48

57

57

67

14 33

32

55

56

56

56

40

8

50

5050

80 48 Kans ^56 80

o r OO 32 Kv ^36 14 OCT LaMe n 45 /3226

3232

3232

32

3232

52 45 Md

Slass 44 30

40

36

55

56

5656

56oo

45 <256 7070805264

52

5757

57

57

33

28

3333

9[ich 44

50

4444

4444

50

48

50

48

rift OV

50

4850

50

14

14 33 Ulnn 40 eg 42

Miss ... jHo 44 48 32

33 80 3838

30

30

9 28 14 36 44

50

48 Mont 80 Nebr g 80 50 25 32 33 Ner N H 32

N. J 55 56 30 67 33

N. Mex

44 30 55

55

56

56

56

45 oo

56 70 3232

3232

3232

32

32

57 OQOO

N. 0...

N. Dak

Ohio

40 48 30

80

70OU

60

50

52 ** 34 48 33 Ohio.

Okla. Oreg. Pa. , R. I. S. C.

>9. JJaK. Tenn.

Tex.

Utah.

Vt. Va. Wash. W. Va.

Wis. Wyo.

Okla

56

56

28 Pa 50

B. I 44 50 (0

30 56 44 50 70 38 50 50 48 33

S. Dak

46 48 30

56

5656

80

(*) 32

3232

52

J 56

57

Tenn... Tex50 48 2832

48 8 44

44

48

48

80 '5050

fc28 14 33 50 15050

26

28 Utah

Tt 45

12 56 1 3230

3232

32

52 Va 32 8 57

!

44 48 80 38 50 28 14 34 40

2833

33

Wash i 56

56

56

56 W. Va 1 Wis 1 44 30 8 ! 44 48 56 70 80 34 50 57 44 Wyo |

I i

* Xot defined. "Green peaches. f Bottom onion sets. 'German Missouri and Tennessee millet seed. ''Malt rye. /Strike measure. j Matured onions.

'• I'liwaslicd plastering hair, >i pounds; washed wTop onion sets. Button onion sets, 32 pounds.

plastering hair, -1 pounds. * Slacked lime, 40 pounds. 'Matured.

''Shelled.
470 WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF UNITED STATES APPENDIX.

LEGAL WEIGHTS (IN POUNDS) PER BUSHEL—Continued.

Dried

peaches,

unpeeled.

EX9

aa

S,

*

U

s,

Pease. Potatoes.

o*

V

1-

tca«

s

«5

Sb

e9

a

a

1

eM

Salt.

*

oX

au

o

ace

«

BoH

>»

.s

Turnips.

•4J B

ae

h9

« ,

»

h a 3

IB

es

*«

e

eae

©

1

9

35

oa • 00 *

k:

"a

seB

ou

a9

*

T.

a

&>

si

ila"

V. s 60

60

60 56

56

56

56

54

56

56

60

60

6060

60

60

6060

tJ. S. Ala.

Ariz. Ark.

Cal.

Colo. Conn.

Del. D. C. Fla.

Ga. Hanail,

Idaho.

III. Ind. T.

Ind.

loira. Kans.

Ky.

La. m.

nd.

mass. nich. ninn.

Hiss. Mo.

Mont.

iveur. Nev.

X. H.

X. i. X. Mex.

X. v. X. C.

X. Dak.

Ohio. Okla.

Aid Ala .... 83 55 60 .... 1 .... 55

Ark.... 33 60 60 50 1Iti 50 50 57

60

60 80 45Conn... 33 60 54 60 DV 50 70 20 50

D. C 60

60 dU

55 W

60

56

56

56

UD56

60 56

55

60

60

60

6060

(ia 33 25 60 43

.... 45

Idnho.

Til

....

28

33 60

....

60 60 55 50 45 55

Tn/I T 1

Ind...- lowa. .

K-Sns . H"v

33

33

33

60

60

6060

5546

50

55

56

56

56

5656

50

50

50

5050

45

45

4545

55 60

60

60

60

60

60

630

Oo 56 :::: 55

24 60 60 55 60

Me 60 60

5660

60

60 50 60 70 50 60

60

60

6060 d60

60

60

54

56

5560

56

A X *o ou 56

OD

56

56

56

56

56

56

50 70 20 Aft

A4045

45

45

45

45

60

ow60

60

6060

AADU

6060

6060

cl4 58

o2 5742

42 45

aiiss 24 5050

50

50

55

nio *o45

56 cl4 50 42

50 50 60 30 55

N. H 6060

60 50 56

56 60.... 54 60 60 M v 6060

6060

60

54 60 4544

dO 5656

56

56

5656

56

56

56 70 20 45 6060

60

60

60

22

N. Dak.

60

56

46

50

46

60

6060

80 45

45

42

60

60

60

56

" 80

4o 60 Oreg. 60 i Pa. 60 ! R. I.

Pa ft 62

50

85 d60 54 60 50 70 20 56 45 50

S. C. 8. Dak. 60 S. Dak.

60

46

50

55

60

6060

56

56

56

80

50

50

42

45

45

60

50

55

60 Tenn 23 e56 30 cl4 50 56

55

60 1 Tenn. Tex 60 Tex.

Utah.

Vt. Va. Wash. W. Va. Wis. Wyo.

Vt 60 /60

60

6060

56

565666

56

7050

45

45 60

55

!7 60

60

6060

60

Va 32 22 56 56 12 Wash

W. Va 45

Wis 60 54 60 45 56 50 50 70 20 45 42

1

a Green.

6 Sorghum .saccharatum seed. cSeed.

* Not defined.

d Including split pease,

e Matured pears. 56 pounds; dried

pears, 2t) pounds.

/ Black-eyed pease. g India wheat. 46 pounds.

ft Ground salt. 70 pounds.
IISTDEX.

[Figures in bold-face type refer to the numbered lines of the laws cited; figures preceded by p. refer to pages.]

A.

Agricultural colleges, standards to be provided, U. S., 232.

Alabama, laws of, p. 25. Alaska, laws of, p. 29. Appendix, legal weights (in pounds) per bushel of vari- ous commodities, p. 467. Area, see Units of, (b). Arizona, laws of, p. 31. Arkansas, laws of, p. 33. Assay oflBces and mints, standard weights for, U. S., 147.

B.

Bureau of Standards, see- National Bureau of Standards. Bushel, table of legal weights in pounds of commodities. Appendix.

Button measure, U. S., 458.

C.

California, laws of, p. 37. Capacity, see Units of, (c). City officers, see Officers, (d). City standards, see Standards, (d); also Testing of, (c). Coins, standard weights of, U. S., 628, 656, 662, 672.

Colorado, laws of, p. 47. Commerce and Labor, Secretary of, U. S., 63 b, 72 a, 91 0, 101 a, 108 a, 109 a, 250 a, 251 a, 268 a. Commodities, legal weights (in pounds) per bushel. Appendix, p. 467. Conditions affecting quantity, see units, (i). Connecticut, laws of, p. 61. County officers, see Officers, (c). County standards, see Standards, (c); also Testing, (c);

also Officers, (c). Custom-houses, annual testing of weights and measures

for, U. S., 732. Customs invoices, foreign weights and measures in, U. S., 752.

D.

Decimal system of coinage established, U. S., 611.

Delaware, laws of, p. 67. Director, Bureau of Standards, U. S., 36, 58.

Disposition of false weights and measures, see False

weights, etc. District of Columbia, laws of, p. 79.

E.

Electrical units, see Units of weights and measures.

F.

Fai.se Weights and Measures:

(a) Definition and tolerance—

U. S., 109, 377, 676, 708; Ala., 55; Alaska,

1; Ariz., 1; Cal., 98; Colo., 95, 477; D. C,

153; Fla., 32; Idaho, 127; 111., 151, 170;

Iowa, 320; La., 35, 90; Minn., 261; Mont., 123, 189, N. J., 7; N. Mex., 123; N. Y.,306;

N. Dak., 135, 217; Ohio, 432, 444; Okla.,

1; Pa., 609; P. R., 62, 65; R. I., 238; S. Dak., 194; Tenn., 120, 347; Tex., 89; Utah,

35,92; Vt., 47; Wash., 70, 172; Wyo., 216.

(b) Procedure and disposition—

Cal., 170, 182; Colo., 119, 127; Conn., 48;

Del., 122; D. C, 86, 149, 156, 213; Fla., 32, 45; Ga., 42; Idaho, 155; Iowa, 329;

La., 97, 102, 105; Me., 164, 171, 190;

Md., 81, 110; Mass., 339, 346, 365, 377,

780, 991, 1294; Minn., 213; Md., 22;

N. Y., 319; N. C, 151; N. Dak., 102, 135,

143, 234, 242, 254; Ohio, 432; Okla., 18,

26, 38; Pa., 320, 488, 557, 563; R. L, 248;

S. Dak., 103, 139, 211, 219, 230; Tenn., 347, 351; Tex., 89, 101; Utah, 35; Vt., 47; Va., 118; Wash., 211; W. Va., 79, 94;

Wyo., 93, 216.

(c) Penalties for using false weights and measures—

U. S., 776; Ala., 52; Alaska, 1; Ariz., 4; Cal,

101, 164, 263; Colo., 95, 111, 477; Conn.,

98; Del., 51; D. C, 201, 311, 499; Fla., 63; Idaho, 63, 111, 130, 136; 111., 151,

170; Ind., 74, 120; Iowa, 204; Kans., 66;

Ky., 34; La., 90, 335; Me., 211; Mass., 390, 1042; Minn., 192, 261; Miss., 108,

125; Mo., 22; Mont, 126, 189; Nebr., 69;

N. H., 154, 167; N. J., 102; N. Mex., 7, 123;

N. ¥., 306, 366; N. C, 100; N. Dak., 217,

260; Ohio, 345, 464, 488; Okla., 1; Pa., 421, 458, 513; P. R., 67; S. Dak., 194;

Tenn., 277; Tex., 89; Utah, 35, 95; Vt., 47; Wash., 70, 172; Wis., 216; Wyo., 235.

Fees, see Testing, (e). Fineness, standard, for gold and silver coins, U. S., 620.

Florida, laws of, p. 101. Foreign weights and measures in customs invoices, U. S., 752.

Fraud, see Penalties for; also False weights and measures,

(c). Fundamental standards, U. S., 194, 201, 211, 311.

471
472 INDEX.

[Figures in bold-face type refer to ttie numbered lines of the laws cited; figures preceded by p. refer to pages.]

G.

Gas meters, Ohio, 297, 504.

Gaugers, see Officers, (e). Georgia, laws of, p. 105. H.

Hawaii, laws of, p. 109. Hydrometer, standard for collection of duties, U. S., 861.

I.

Idaho, laws of, p. 113.

Illinois, laws of, p. 119. Indiana, laws of, p. 127. Inspectors, ••-•«(? Officers, (e). Iowa, laws of, p, 135. K.

Kansas, laws of, p. 145. Kentucky, laws of, p. 151.

Li.

Land, survey and measurement of, TJ. S., 791; Mass., 1290; 202; X. J., 78, 89, 95; N. Y., 284;

Ohio, 338; Pa., 125; Tenn., 284.

Length, see Units of, (a). Louisiana, laws of, p. 155. Lumber, regulations concerning, U. S., 462, 466, 588;

Ark., 71; D. C, 379, 391, 426, 516, 542; Idaho,

194; Iowa, 254, 291; La., 304; Mass., 583, 1218,

1231 ff; Miss., 104; Mo., 89; Jv. H., 170, 176, 190,

201, 205, 211; Pa., 169, 384, 396; S. C, 77, 90,

97, 132; Vt., 89; Va., 63; Wash., 309, 337, 352,

356, 370; W. Va., 163; Wis., 234, 255, 262, 275,

294.

M.

Maine, laws of, p. 165. Market regulations, Del., 181, 293, 306, 314; D. C,

177, 351, 379, 391, 456, 496, 640, 792; Fla., 22;

Hawaii, 1, 13; Idaho, 95; 111., 161; Ind., 30; Kans., 76; La., 90; Me., 203, 299, 318; Md., 50, 119 ff, 264, 275 ff; Mass., 936, 995, 999, 1160; Nebr.,

196; N. Y., 456; N. Dak., 115; Tenn., 245; Vt., 74. Maryland, laws of, p. 175. Mass, see Units of (d). Massachusetts, laws of, p. 189. Measure, see Units.

^Meridian, fixed, Pa., 110.

^letric system of weights and measures:

Legalized for all purposes, U. S., 164; tables and

equivalents, U. S., 179; metric po.stal balances for

post-oflBces, U. S., 171; metric system required in U. S. Public Health Department, U. S., 279;

metric system required in surgical and medical

work of Army, U. S., 289; approximate equivalents, U. S., 305.

Metric system of weights and measures—Continued.

Provisions in State laws regarding metric system,

Mass., 518, 531, 547, 561; Ohio, 7; P. L, 1;

P. R., 1-50; Tenn., 287, 295; Utah, 115.

Michigan, laws of, p. 223. Mines and mining regulations, U. S., 576; Colo., 132,

369 ff; 395, 444; Idaho, 155, 169; 111., 184, 193,

201; Ind., 131, 162, 295; Md., 353, 370 ff; Pa., 631, 643; Tenn., 384; Utah, 117, 144, 153, 168,

189; W. Va., 197; Wyo., 336.

Minnesota, laws of, p. 231. Mint, Troy pound of the, U. S., 137.

Mints and assay offices, standard weights for, U. S., 147.

Mississippi, laws of, p. 239. Missouri, laws of, p. 243. Montana, laws of, p. 247.

N.

National Bureau of Standards: Establishment, U. S., 5. Functions, U. S., 8. Personnel, U. S., 35. Annual report, U. S., 62.

Bulletin, U. S., 66.

Appropriations, U. S., 75.

Fees, U. S., 102.

Regulations, U. S., 109.

Visiting committee, U. S. , 117.

National officers, see Officers, (a). Nebraska, laws of, p. 253. Neglect, see Penalties for. New Hampshire, laws of, p. 259. New Jersey, laws of, p. 267. New Mexico, laws of, p. 273. New York, laws of, p. 277. North Carolina, laws of, p. 29 L

North Dakota, laws of, p. 297.

O.

Office of Standard Weights and Measures, U. S., 5. Officees in Chakge of Standards and Testing:

(a ) National officers—

U. S., 35, 58, 63 b, 72 a, 91 a, 101 a, 108 a, 109 a, 250 a, 251 a, 269 a.

( h ) State officers of ireights and measures—

Ark., 15; Cal., 123, 227, 274, 299, 324;

Colo., 54, 410; Conn., 1; Del., 2, 293; D. C,

1, 26; Hawaii, 18; Idaho, 7; 111., 100, 119;

Iowa, 110; Kans., 3, 15; Mass., 78, 93,

547; Mich., 7; Minn., 7; Miss., 9; Mont., 140; N.H.,9, 11; N. N.Y., 173-261;

N. C, 20, 115, 188; N. Dak., 38; Ohio,

233, 246; Oreg., 7; P. R.» 54, 58; R. I., 10,

434; S. C, 4; S. Dak., 35; Tenn., 27; Utah,

5; Vt., 4; Va., 11, 120; Wash., 7; W. Va., 11; Wis., 8: Wyo., 9.
INDEX. 473

[Figures in bold-face type refer to the numbered lines of the laws cited; figures preceded by p. refer to pages.]

Oppicehs in charge of Standards and Testing—Cont'd.

(c) County officers of weights and measures—

Ala., 41; Ark.. 17, 25; Cal., 128, 152, 280,

286; Colo., 58, 75; Conn., 12; Del., 9, 228;

Fla., 4, 53; Ga., 35; Idaho, 18, 25, 37; 111., Ill, 121; Ind., 1, 15; Iowa, 161; Kans., 27; Ky.,32; Md., 5; Mich., 32; Minn., 11,

15, 40; Miss., 74, 78; Mo., 17, 19; Mont., 153; N. H., 15; N. J., 7; N. Mex., 83; N. Y., 205; N. C, 97, 188; N. Dak., 76, 78, 95;

Ohio, 310, 362; S. C, 11; S. Dak., 77, 97;

Tenn., 55, 56; Utah, 17; Vt., 9; Va., 57,

100, 120; Wash., 18; W. Va., 53; Wis., 32,

40; Wyo., 67, 71.

(d) City and town officers of iveights and measures—

Cal., 280; Colo., 6; Conn., 29, 44; 111., 177;

Ind., 296; Iowa, 172; La., 17, 86, 120,

193, 197, 225; Me., 80, 100; Md., 50;

Mass., 172, 222, 231, 547; Mich., 75;

Miss., 74, 78; N. H., 40, 50; N. Y., 215,

222, 230; Ohio, 371; Pa., 535; R. I., 103,

113, 310, 434; Tenn., 72; Vt., 24; Va., 15; Wis., 70.

(e) Other officers, weighers, inspectors, gaugers, etc. —

U. S., 35, 594, 733; Del., 293, 331; D. C,

379, 516, 562; Ind., 162, 186; Iowa, 225,

254; La., 222; Md., 354, 370, 457, 465;

Mass., 222, 445, 479, 573, 597, 901, 936,

1007, 1067, 1082, 1151, 1218, 1237;

Miss., 74; Nebr., 88; N. H., 108, 176, 190;

N., J. 115; N. Dak., 199; Ohio, 561; Okla., 73, 123; Pa., 201 a, 331, 407, 535, 742;

R. L, 261, 324, 488; S. C, 97, 132, 187,

264, 304, 387, 402, 462; Tenn., 384;

Utah, 153, 168, 211; Vt., 116; Wash., 5, 7, 188, 271, 300, 350; W. Va., 168, 204;

Wis., 234; Wyo., 224, 306.

Ohio, laws of, p. 30-5. Oklahoma, laws of, p. 321. Oregon, laws of, p. 329.

P.

Penalties, see False weights and measures, (c); also Testing, (f). Penalties for neglect, fraud, and other offenses, U. 8., 720, 766, 773; Ark., 119; Colo., 306, 320, 386,

463; Conn., 17; Del., 278, 340, 346, 350, 366,

D. C, 197, 256, 311, 358, 371, 491, 604, 631,

659; Fla., 67; Ga., 42, 55; Hawaii, 8, 57, 63;

Idaho, 111, 132, 140, 155, 169; 111., 84, 142,

243; Ind., 74, 130, 147, 155; Kans, 57,110,

145; Ky., 34, 89; La., 42, 110; Me., 77, 90, 114,

146, 262, 347; Md., 75, 124, 161, 181, 305;

Mass., 133, 197, 296, 381, 576, 709, 821, 960,

968, 976, 1076, 1123, 1136, 1171, 1188, 1204,

1237, 1273, 1299; Mich., 234, 254, 266, 284;

Minn., 160, 225, 241, 268; Miss., 109; Mo., 103; Mont., 138, 189; Nel)r., 64, 208; N. H., 35,

89, 110, 132, 167, 176, 185; N. .1., 41; 127,

178; N. Mex., 28, 89, 92; N. Y., 120, 162, 272,

388, 453, 466; N. C, 81, 179, 213; N. Dak.,

228, 260; Ohio, 110, 330, 444, 449, 464, 499;

Okla., 12, 92, 179, 206, 245, 491; Oreg., 55; Pa., 147, 292, 320, 362, 421, 445, 454, 496, 522,

570, 599, 643, 716; P. R., 83, 87; R. L, 131,

178, 223, 254, 261, 292, 303, 337, 368, 473;

S. C, 32, 65, 392, 430; S. Dak., 139, 205, 241;

Tenn., 254, 265, 374, 404, 431, 441, 457, 464;

Tex., 101, 107; Utah, 99, 113, 189, 202, 221;

Vt., 18, 47; Va., 105, 154, 159, 163, 201, 224;

Wash., 70, 125, 149, 186; 224, 426; W. Va., 105, 129; Wis., 78, 173, 194, 211; Wyo., 79,

159, 167, 193, 230, 235, 242, 251, 358, 366.

See also Testing, (f); also False weights and measures, (c). Pennsylvania, laws of, p. 331. Philippines, laws of the, p. 351. Porto Rico, laws of, p. 353. Postal balances, metric, U. S., 171.

Pounds per bushel of various commodities, see Appendix.

Prescribed units, see Units, (g). Prescribed sizes, sff Units, (h). Procedure regarding false weights and measures, see False weights and measures.

Proof-spirit, U. S., 481.

Q.

Quantity, conditions affecting, see Units, (i).

K.

Repairs to State standards, U. S., 242.

Rhode Island, laws of, p. 357.

S.

Sealers, see Officers. Secretary of Commerce and Labor, U. S., 63 b, 72 a, 91 o, 101 a, 108 n, 109 a, 250 a, 251 a, 268 a. Sheet-metal gauge, U. S. Standard, U. S., 318.

Shipmaster to keep weights and measures, U. S., 766.

Ships, tonnage of, how measured, U. S., 824.

Sizes, prescribed, see Units, (h). Smithsonian Institution, standards to be provided, U. S., 235.

South Carolina, laws of, p. 371. South Dakota, laws of, p. 385. Square Measures, see Units of, (b). Standard fineness for gold and silver coins, U. S. , 620.

Standard of value, U. S., 646.

Standard sheet-metal gauge, U. S., 318.

Standard Weights and Measures, Office of, U. S., 5. Standard weights of gold coins, U. S., 628; of silver

coins, U. S., 656, 662; of minor coins, U. S., 672.

Standards, Bureau of, see National. Standard of weights and measures. Congress has power to

fix, U. S., 1.
474 INDEX.

[Figures in bold-face type refer to the numbered lines of the laws cited; figures preceded by p. refer to pages.]

Standaeds of Weight and Measure:

(a) National standards—

U. S., 1, 8, 13, 137, 311, 861; Ala., 4; Ark.,

1, 37; Cal., 1, 138; Colo., 1, 54; Conn., 1;

Del., 1; Fla., 1; Ga., 39; Hawaii, 7, 45;

Idaho, 2, 127; 111., 1; Ind., 99; Iowa, 1, 10,

31; Kans., 1; Ky., 1; La.. 1; Me., 1; Md.,

3; Mass., 80; Minn., 1; Miss., 5; Mont., 1; Nebr., 1; N. H., 1; N. J., 1; N. Mex., 1; N. Y., 3; N. C, 1, 18; N. Dak., 38; Ohio, 1, 51, 66, 104; Pa., 32, 73, 106; R. I., 1,30,

39; S. C, 2, 4; S. Dak., 35; Tenn., 1; Tex.,

1; Utah, 1; Vt., 1; Va., 1; Wash., 1; W.

V^., 1; Wyo., 1. (6) State standards—

U. S., 218, 242, 251; Ala., 1, 58; Ariz., 32

Ark., 1; Cal., 1, 119, 276; Colo., 1, 54

Conn., 1; Del., 1, 216; Fla., 1; Ga., 35

Hawaii, 18, 45; Idaho, 1; 111., 1, 17; Iowa

1, 121; Kans., 1; Ky., 1; La., 1; Me., 1 Md., 3; Mass., 40, 78, 83; Mich., 1; Minn.

1; Miss., 5; Mont., 1, 142; Nebr., 1; N. H.^

1; N. J., 1; N. Mex., 1, 35; N. Y., 3, 174

188; N. C, 1; N. Dak., 38; Ohio, 1, 81

250; Oreg., 1; Pa., 4, 26, 54, 73; P. R., 54

R. I., 1, 30, 39; S. C, 1, 4; S. Dak., 35

Tenn., 1, 28, 38; Tex., 1,40; Utah, 1; Vt.

1; Va., 1; Wash., 1; W. Va., 1; Wis., 1 Wyo., 1.

(c) County standards—

Ala., 13, 28, 34; Ark., 8, 19; Cal., 135, 280,

286, 292; Colo., 58; Conn., 12; Del., 56

Ga., 68; Idaho, 18; 111., 114; Ind., 1, 13

Iowa, 124, 130, 156; Kans., 29; Ky., 7, 13

Me., 49; Md., 9; Mass., 143, 147, 165

Mich., 14, 19, 30, 47; Minn., 17, 27; Miss. 59; Mo., 1; Mont., 148; 156, 159, 166; N

H., 18; N. J., 1; N. Mex., 42; N. Y., 208

N. C, 9, 22, 44, 137; N. Dak., 70; Ohio

256; Pa., 60, 84; S. C, 14; S. Dak., 70

Tenn., 41, 47; Tex., 46; Utah, 20; Vt., 9

Va., 15, 30; Wash., 21, 61; W. Va., 14, 27

Wis., 22 58; Wyo., 22, 35.

(d) City and toum. standards—

Cal., 280; Conn., 29; Iowa, 175, 189; La., 54; Me., 63, 155; Mass., 143, 147, 172,

231; Mich., 58; Miss., 59; N. H., 33; N. J., 1; Ohio, 283, 391; Pa., 547, 670; R. I., 8, 35, 49, 113; Vt, 24; Va., 30; Wis., 44.

(e) Mint and assay office standards—

U. S., 147.

(/ ) Public scales—

Ark., 95; Cal., 160; Del., 216; D. C, 74, 133,

731, 747, 783; Idaho, 155; 111., 183, 218;

Ind., 175; Iowa, 225; Me., 85, 126; Md., 42; Mass., 273, 681, 1068, 1114; Nebr.,

79, 88, 97, 115; N. H., 56; N. J., 127, 142;

N. Dak., 187, 193; Ohio, 397; Okla., 187;

R. I., 82, 169, 298; S. C, 219, 241, 378;

Tenn., 99, 260; Utah, 144, 189, 211; Va., 53; Wash., 188, 337; W. Va., 84, 99; AVyo.,

State officers, see Officers, (b). State standards, see Standards, (b); aZso Testing, (a). Streams and other waters, measurement of, Colo., 49,

253; Utah, 127, 230; Wyo., 311, 330.

Surface, see Units, (b). Survey and measr.r;'ment of land, U. S., 791; Mass., 1290; N. C, 202; N. J., 78, 89, 95; N. Y., 284;

Ohio, 333; Pa., 125; Tenn., 284.

T.

Tare, see Units, other conditions affecting quantity. Technical units, see Units. Tennessee, laws of, p. 393. Terms of weights and measures in commercial reports, U. S., 451.

Testing op Weights and Measures:

(a) Testing State standards—

U. S., 24, 109; Del., 216.

(b) Testing county standards—

Ark., 12, 15; Cal., 124, 280; Conn., 16, 46;

Del., 219; Ga.,^37; Idaho, 10, 28; 111., 103;

Iowa, 127; Kans., 19, 33; Me., 56; Mass., 203; Mich., 12, 25, 41; Minn., 8; Mont., 147; N. H., 24; N. Mex., 56; N. Y., 180,

184; N. Dak., 65; Ohio, 239; Oreg., 12;

Pa., 26, 36, 99; S. Dak., 65; Tenn., 38;

Utah, 9, 23; Va., 53, 100; Wash., 10, 24; W. Va., 48, 59; Wis., 16, 29, 51; Wyo.,

52, 62, 74.

(c) Testing city and town standards—

U. S., 24; Cal., 280; Conn., 7; Del., 219; 111., 118; Me., 73; Mass., 113; Mont., 147; N.

H., 29; N. Y., 180, 184; Ohio, 222; R. L,

8, 45, 137; Tenn., 38; Vt, 30; Va., 53,

100; W. Va., 44; Wis., 73.

(d) Testing trade weights and measures—

Ala., 47; Ark., 25; Cal., 148, 160, 188,306;

Colo., 64; Conn., 7, 22, 46; Del., 22, 64,

181; D. C, 74, 90; Fla., 22; Ga., 42; Hawaii, 1, 20; Idaho, 37; 111., 121, 177; Ind., 19; Iowa, 139, 181; Kans., 36; Ky., 22;

La., 26, 153, 159; Me., 126, 151; Md., 21,

64; Mass., 119, 254, 623, 657; Mich., 10,

82, 100; Minn., 31, 185; Miss., 11, 31, 76;

Mo., 31; Mont, 109, 173; Nebr., 135, 142;

N. H., 11, 24, 50; N. Mex., 14, 83, 86;

N. Y., 241; N. C, 58, 88; N. Dak., 95,

168; Ohio, 226, 315,404; Okla., 187; Pa., 550, 563; R. I., 45, 78, 146, 159; S. Dak.,

97, 174; Tenn., 90, 258; Utah, 26, 86;

Vt, 32; Va., 108, 169; Wash., 32, 41,211;

W. Va., 66, 84, 141; Wyo., 84, 96, 186,

216.

(e) Fees and compensation for testing iveights, measures, and measuring instruments, andfor other services,

etc. —

U. S., 102, 109; Ark., 22; Cal., 236, 313;

Colo., 85; Del., 41, 84, 191, 326, 335;

D. C, 46, 129, 272, 512, 669, 731, 774;

Fla., 53; Hawaii, 31: Idaho, 44; 111., 128;

ACj. T.'.- 0*7 -^O- T .1 «3
INDEX. 475

[Figures in bold-face type refer to the numbered lines of the laws cited ; figures preceded by p. refer to pages. ]

Testing of Weights and Measures—Continued.

(e) Fees and compensation for testing weights, measures, and measuring instruments, etc. —Continued. 206, 259, 289; Me., 235; Md., 98; Mass., 100, 399, 409, 485, 555, 733, 926, 929,

942, 1037, 1089, 1259; Mich., 92, 109,

116; Minn., 36; Miss., 12; Mont, 180;

Nebr., 108; N. H., 27, 45, 69, 179; N. J., 57; N. Mex., 22; N. Y., 247, 258; N. C,

132,188; N.Dak., 107,212; Ohio, 307, 368,

376, 476; Okla., 139, 196, 235; Pa., 337,

413, 742; R. I., 187, 227,231,464; S. C,

30, 137, 146, 206, 214, 322, 374, 412;

5. Dak., 109, 150, 162; Tenn., 312, 332,

339; Utah, 29, 45; Va., 13, 127, 151;

Wash., 48, 390; W. Va., 98, 108, 126; Wis.,

48, 72; Wyo., 12, 109, 123, 149, 154.

(/) Penalties for using unstamped \oeights or measures—

Colo., 95, 104, 164; Conn., 153; Del., 48; Ga., 45; Idaho, 73; La., 1 15, 219; Me., 185,225;

Md., 21, 34, 46, 91; Mass., 296, 390, 420,

1042; Miss., 114; Mo., 22; N. H., 154; N. Mex., 7; N. C, 100; Pa., 441; R. I., 238,

303; Tenn., 271, 277; Va., 163; Wash., 70; W. Va., 133; Wis., 78; Wyo., 174.

Texas, laws of, p. 407. Time, standard of. Conn., 161.

Tolerance allowed in weights and measures, see False Weights and Measures, (a). Tonnage of ships, how measured, U. S., 824.

Town officers, see Officers, (d). Town standards, see Standards, (d); also Testing.

Trade regulations, Ala., 7; Ariz., 8, 32; Cal., 86, 263;

Colo., Ill, 395; Del., 241, 259, 278, 290; D. C,

122, 133, 177, 229, 402; Fla., 22, 129; Ga., 42;

111., 38, 151; Ind., 90, 231; Iowa, 61, 338; Ky., 89; La., 90, 137, 289; Me., 244; Md., 21, 34, 211;

Mass., 607, 630, 647, 723, 832, 901, 1015, 1092,

1155, 1177; Mich., 140, 222; Minn., 185, 274;

Miss., 55; Mo., 96; Mont., 69, 130; Nebr., 55, 125,

149, 162, 182; N. H., 105, 219; N. Y., 168, 358,

386, 441, 478; N. Dak., 115, 260; Ohio, 15, 200-

Okla., 227, 240; Pa., 202, 292, 304; P. R., 50, 80;

S. C, 22, 402; S. Dak., 117; Vt., 74, 110, 129.

Trade units, see Units, (e). Trade weights and measures, see Testing, (d). Troy pound of the Mint, U. S., 137.

U.

United States, laws of, p. L

Units op Weight and Measure:

(rt) Units of length.—

U. S., 190, 460, 810; Cal., 22; Ind., 3; Iowa,

6, 21; Minn., 104; Mo., 4; Mont., 6, 10; N.J.,37; N. Mex., 79; N. Y., 26; N. 0., 202

;

N. Dak., 47; Ohio, 20; Pa., 1, 227; P. I., 1, 6; P. R., 3; Tenn., 10. See also Ajjpendix.

(

ti) Units of area—

U. S., 205, 814; Cal., 37; Iowa, 6, 21; Minn.,

117; Mont., 21; N. Y., 26, 40; N. C, 108;

Ohio, 38; Pa., 237; P. R., 15. S,-e nho

Units of Weight and Measure—Continued,

(c) Units of volume and capacity—

U. S., 198, 499, 504, 510, 512, 539, 541 ff, 603, 824, 859; Ala., 62, 77, 82; Ariz., 23;

Ark., 33, 40; Cal., 13, 15, 54, 58, 90, 119;

Colo., 8, 21, 23, 134, 442; Conn., 58, 64, 76; Del., 207, 391, 394; D. C, 351, 582;

Fla., 78, 79, 82; Ga., 1, 33; Hawaii, 49;

Idaho, 95, 100, 214; 111., 44; Ind., 6, 30,

83, 135, 288; Iowa, 42, 48, 51, 67, 104;

Kans., 76, 83, 123; Ky., 46; La., 126, 132,

139, 248, 250, 295; Me., 318; Md., 133,

151, 228, 240, 249, 337; Mass., 7, 9, 14,

36, 887; Mich., 154, 158, 214, 280; Minn.,

63, 82, 90, 98, 129, 180, 182; Miss., 15,

91, 97, 100; Mo., 5, 8, 38; Mont., 37, 74;

Nebr., 5, 9, 13, 28; N. H., 3, 137, 145, 173;

N. J., 14, 27, 30, 125; N. Y., 17, 20, 58,

91, 102, 353; N. C, 158, 178; N. Dak., 1, 31, 36; Ohio, 44, 46, 63, 87, 105, 148, 184,

192, 215; Okla., 49, 70; Oreg., 27, 43; Pa.,

8, 175, 187, 211, 248, 260, 374, 416,

616 ff; 673, 726; P. I., 7, 18; P. R., 20, 31;

R. I., 380; S. C, 37; S. Dak., 1, 33; Tenn.,

13, 17, 123, 128, 241, 445; Tex., 10; Vt., 61, 79, 83, 113; Va., 63, 71, 180; Wash.,

107, 114; W. Va., 152; Wis., 129, 153,

161; Wyo., 278. <Sce aZso Appendix.

{d) Units of iveight or mass—

U. S., 208, 510, 512, 541 ff, 583, 859; Ala., 62; Ariz., 16, 20, 23, 29; Ark., 40; Cal., 43, 90, 109; Colo., 6, 8, 132, 440; Conn., 53; Del., 210, 236, 247, 268, 391; D. C,

351, 364, 496, 708; Fla., 82; Ga., 1; Hawaii, 49; Idaho, 98, 148, 152; 111., 35, 44; Ind., 12, 30, 83, 135, 141, 288; Iowa, 29, 67; Kans., 80, 83, 123; Ky., 41, 46, 93, 95; La., 139, 298; Me., 206, 318; Md.,

133, 145, 233, 259; Mass., 1, 9, 14, 36,

439, 842, 882; Mich., 214, 280; Minn.,

120, 129, 153, 180; Miss., 15, 88; Mo.,

14, 35, 38, 92; Mont, 26, 73; Nebr., 4, 11,

13, 27; N. H., 102, 137; N. J., 14, 31, 102,

125, 150; N. Y., 46, 102; N. C, 158, 178;

N. Dak., 1, 31; Ohio, 49, 68, 78, 148, 184,

195, 215; Okla., 49, 65; Oreg., 19, 27;

Pa., 16, 169, 184, 211, 274, 358, 374,

416, 592, 616 ff, 673, 691, 726; P. I., 9, 16; P. R., 38; R. L, 380, 428, 429; S. C,

37; S. Dak., 128; Tenn., 20, 123, 389;

Tex., 10; Vt, 42, 61; Va., 180; Wash.,

Ill, 114; W. Va., 152; Wis., 92, 140,

157; Wyo., 278. aZso Appendix.

(e) Speci(d trade and technical units—

U. S., 318, 384, 396, 406, 418, 422, 427,

433, 438, 458, 470, 481, 499, 510, 512,

573, 603, 801; Ala., 77; Ark., 33; Colo., 21,

23, 33, 49; Conn., 139; D. C, 496, 582; Ga., 33; Idaho, 214; Iowa 47, 104; La., 126;

Md., 158, 228, 275; Mass., 9; Mich., 154^

Minn., 159; Mo., 38, 89; N. H., 205; N. Y., 91, 350; Utah 138; Vt., 79, 83; Va., 63;
476

[Figures in bold-face type refer to the numbered lines of the laws cited; figures preceded by p. refer to pages.]

Units of Weight and Measure—Continued.

(/) Electrical units—

U. S., 381 ff. {g) Prescribed iinits—

U. S., 174, 279, 294, 305, 311, 318, 381,

458, 462, 499, 541 ; Ala., 77; Ariz., 13, 32;

Cal., 68, 112, 115; Colo., 31, 49; Conn.,

108; D. C, 426, 496, 708; Ga., 33; Ind., 30,

99; La., 137; Md., 119, 130, 143, 172;

Mass., 966, 999; Mich., 148; Minn., 63;

N. H., 145; Ohio, 141; Vt., 87.

(/i) Prescribed sizes and containers—

U. S., 515, 520; Ala., 77, 82; Ark., 33; Cal., 58; Colo., 28; Conn., 58; Del., 241, 259,

278; D. C, 311, 319, 364, 456, 496; Ind., 30, 135; Iowa, 48, 106, 291, 338; Ky., 87;

La., 126, 131,248,250,295, 297; Me., 26,

345; Md., 147, 153, 170, 240, 264, 275,

293, 337; Mass., 454, 488, 615, 654, 792,

815, 853,866,874, 951, 971, 1055, 1155,

1177, 1231; Mich., 242, 247, 273, 280;

Minn., 53, 182; Miss., 91, 100; Mo., 80, 92;

Mont., 41, 56; Nebr., 51; N. H., 112, 122,

128, 150, 165, 201; N. J., 156; X. Y., 62, 80, 93, 134, 350, 392, 404, 409, 421;

N. C, 178; Ohio, 68, 78, 526; Oreg., 50; Pa., 255, 267, 701, 736; K. I., 344, 427; S. C,

51, 182, 442, 465; Tenn., 128, 139, 167,

169, 236, 241, 359, 445, 447; Vt., 113,

129; Va., 184, 209, 259; Wash., 138; Wis.,

153, 161, 164, 182, 190.

(() Other conditions affecting quuiitity—

U. S., 814, 851; Ala., 83; Alaska, 1; Ark., 89;

CaL, 73, 80; D. C, 177; 111., 25, 31; Ind., 104; Kan., 77; Me., 200, 209; Md., 119,

Units of Weight and Measure—Continued,

(i) Other conditions affecting quantity—Continued. 130, 133, 178, 232; Mass., 995; Mich.,

148; Minn., 274; Miss., 97; Mo., 89; Mont,

63, 189; N. H., 112, 205, 211, 219, 226,

236; N. Mex., 98; N. Y., 77, 86, 345, 356,

386, 430, 441; N. Dak., 260; Ohio, 133,

511, 561; Okla., 44, 206; P. R., 73; R. L, 360; S. C, 154; S. Dak., 236, 241 ; Tenn., 458, 464; Utah, 99, 105; Vt., 110; Wash.,

158, 178, 395; W. Va., 169; Wis., 136,

206, 294.

Utah, laws of, p. 411.

Value, standard of, U. S., 646. Vara suppressed as a unit, N. Mex., 79. Vermont, laws of, p. 419. Virginia, laws of, p. 423. Visiting committee. Bureau of Standards, U. S., 117.

Volume, see Units (c). W.

Washington, laws of, p. 431. Water and streams, measurement of, Colo., 49, 253;

Utah, 127, 230; Wye, 311, 330.

Weighers, see Officers (e)

Weight, see Units. Weights and measures, power to tix standard of, U. 8., 1. West Virginia, laws of, p. 443. Wisconsin, laws of, p. 449. Wood, see Lumber.

Wyoming, laws of, p. 457. o
J

jL