**GAO-10-621**                      Published: Jun 18, 2010. Publicly Released: Jul 01, 2010.                  

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## Highlights

Federally funded at about $5 billion a year, the Low-Income Home Energy Assistance Program (LIHEAP) provides financial assistance to low-income households for heating and cooling costs. The Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) awards LIHEAP funds based on low-income populations and other factors. Grantees--states, the District of Columbia, territories, and Indian tribes and tribal organizations--then provide energy assistance payments to low-income households. GAO was asked to audit (1) the risk of fraud and abuse in LIHEAP in selected states; (2) case studies of fraudulent, improper, and abusive LIHEAP activity; and (3) key weaknesses in the design of LIHEAP's internal controls framework. To meet these objectives, GAO analyzed LIHEAP data from seven states for fraud indicators, interviewed federal and state officials, performed investigations, and conducted proactive testing in two states using a bogus company, individuals, addresses, and documents. The seven states were primarily selected based on size of LIHEAP grant and availability of centralized database.

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## Recommendations for Executive Action

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## Topics

Worker and Family Assistance

Block grantsDisadvantaged personsEligibility determinationsErrorsFederal fundsFederal grantsstate relationsGrant administrationGrant award proceduresGrant monitoringGrants to statesHousingIneligible granteesInternal controlsInvestigations by federal agenciesLow income housingPaymentsProgram evaluationRecords managementRisk assessmentRisk factorsState-administered programsSystems designPolicies and procedures