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<meta name="description" content="Pursuant to Commission requirements, spot market energy sales above the soft price cap of $1,000/MWh in the Western Electricity Coordinating Council (WECC) (i.e., the non-California Independent System Operator Corporation (CAISO) portion of the wholesale spot electricity market in the United States portion of the Western Interconnection) are subject to justification and refund, and that justification must be filed within 30 days after the end of the month in which the sale occurred.   " />
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<meta property="og:description" content="Pursuant to Commission requirements, spot market energy sales above the soft price cap of $1,000/MWh in the Western Electricity Coordinating Council (WECC) (i.e., the non-California Independent System Operator Corporation (CAISO) portion of the wholesale spot electricity market in the United States portion of the Western Interconnection) are subject to justification and refund, and that justification must be filed within 30 days after the end of the month in which the sale occurred.   " />
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                      Staff Guidance on WECC Soft Price Cap
          
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      <p class="MsoBodyText"><span><span><span>Pursuant to Commission requirements, spot market energy sales above the soft price cap of $1,000/MWh in the Western Electricity Coordinating Council (WECC) (i.e., the non-California Independent System Operator Corporation (CAISO) portion of the wholesale spot electricity market in the United States portion of the Western Interconnection) are subject to justification and refund, and that justification must be filed within 30 days after the end of the month in which the sale occurred.<strong>   </strong></span></span></span></p>

<p class="MsoBodyText"><span><span><span>In June 2021, the Commission issued an order providing guidance on justification filings for sales above the WECC soft price cap.<a href="#_ftn1" id="_ftnref1" name="_ftnref1"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><strong><span><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><strong><span><span>[1]</span></span></strong></span></span></strong></span></a>  The Commission explained that justifications may be based on, but are not limited to, demonstrations from at least one of three frameworks:  (1) a production cost-based framework; (2) an index-based framework; and (3) an opportunity cost-based framework.  The Commission also allowed sellers to justify their transactions as “sleeve” transactions.  Sellers are required to include detailed information to support each transaction above the WECC soft price cap; this support could include documentation such as affidavits, purchase confirmations, and invoices.  The Commission stated that it did not intend to preclude sellers from seeking to justify their transactions under approaches different from the ones identified in the June 2021 Guidance Order, but if a seller uses a different approach, the seller must clearly demonstrate how the alternative approach justifies its transaction. </span></span></span></p>

<p class="MsoBodyText"><span><span><span>  </span></span></span></p>


  <div data-embed-button="block" data-entity-embed-display="view_mode:block_content.full" data-entity-type="block_content" data-entity-uuid="924af441-2744-45ae-a141-a936a6fd4c8f" data-langcode="en" data-entity-embed-display-settings="[]" class="embedded-entity">                                                                                                      





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        <a class="accordion__item-title" id="staff-guidance-on-wecc-soft-offer-caps-0" href="#" aria-controls="staff-guidance-on-wecc-soft-offer-caps-0-content" aria-expanded="false">
          <span class="accordion__item-text">
            What is the WECC soft price cap?
          </span>
          <span class="accordion__item-icon"><svg class="icon icon--arrow-down" viewBox="0 0 44 26"><path d="M22 21.385L2.908 2.293a1 1 0 00-1.414 1.414l19.799 19.8a1 1 0 001.414 0l19.8-19.8a1 1 0 00-1.415-1.414L22 21.385z" /></svg></span>
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        <div class="accordion__item-content" id="staff-guidance-on-wecc-soft-offer-caps-0-content" aria-hidden="true"><p class="MsoBodyText"><span><span><span>During the 2000-2001 Western energy crisis, the Commission identified a number of structural reforms and market rule changes that were necessary in order for a robust, sta<a name="_bookmark0"></a><a name="_bookmark1"></a><a name="_bookmark2"></a>ble, competitive bulk power market to operate over the long-term in California and West-wide.<strong>  </strong><span>One of these </span>reforms was the WECC soft price cap.  </span></span></span></p>

<p class="MsoBodyText"><span><span><span>In July 2002, in response to the CAISO’s Comprehensive Market Redesign Proposal, the Commission established a $250/MWh offer cap for the CAISO markets and a $250/MWh price cap for all spot market sales in WECC.<a href="#_ftn1" name="_ftnref1"><strong><strong><span><span>[1]</span></span></strong></strong></a>  The Commission stated that the $250/MWh offer cap, together with the other mitigation measures, was a careful balance of the need to provide an incentive for market entry by new generation with the need to protect markets from potential market power abuse.<a href="#_ftn2" name="_ftnref2"><strong><strong><span><span>[2]</span></span></strong></strong></a>  The Commission subsequently clarified that the $250/MWh cap is a “soft” cap and that offers and prices above the cap will be subject to justification and refund.<a href="#_ftn3" name="_ftnref3"><strong><strong><span><span>[3]</span></span></strong></strong></a></span></span></span></p>

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<hr>
<div id="ftn1">
<p class="MsoFootnoteText"><span><span><a href="#_ftnref1" name="_ftn1"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><strong><span><span><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><strong><span><span>[1]</span></span></strong></span></span></span></strong></span></a><span> <em>Cal. Indep. Sys. Operator Corp.</em>, 100 FERC ¶ 61,060, at P 46 (July 2002 Order), <em>order on reh’g and compliance</em>, 101 FERC ¶ 61,061, at P 17 (2002) (October 2002 Order).</span></span></span></p>
</div>

<div id="ftn2">
<p class="MsoFootnoteText"><span><span><a href="#_ftnref2" name="_ftn2"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><strong><span><span><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><strong><span><span>[2]</span></span></strong></span></span></span></strong></span></a><span> July 2002 Order, 100 FERC ¶ 61,060 at P 51.</span></span></span></p>
</div>

<div id="ftn3">
<p class="MsoFootnoteText"><span><span><a href="#_ftnref3" name="_ftn3"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><strong><span><span><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><strong><span><span>[3]</span></span></strong></span></span></span></strong></span></a><span> <em>E.g.</em>, October 2002 Order, 101 FERC ¶ 61,061 at P 17; <em>see also</em> October 2010 Order, 133 FERC ¶ 61,026 at PP 14, 16.  </span></span></span></p>
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        <a class="accordion__item-title" id="staff-guidance-on-wecc-soft-offer-caps-1" href="#" aria-controls="staff-guidance-on-wecc-soft-offer-caps-1-content" aria-expanded="false">
          <span class="accordion__item-text">
            Who needs to file?
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          <span class="accordion__item-icon"><svg class="icon icon--arrow-down" viewBox="0 0 44 26"><path d="M22 21.385L2.908 2.293a1 1 0 00-1.414 1.414l19.799 19.8a1 1 0 001.414 0l19.8-19.8a1 1 0 00-1.415-1.414L22 21.385z" /></svg></span>
        </a>
        <div class="accordion__item-content" id="staff-guidance-on-wecc-soft-offer-caps-1-content" aria-hidden="true"><p><span><span>All Commission-jurisdictional sellers who make spot market sales in WECC outside of CAISO are subject to the filing requirement.  The reference to WECC in the context of energy price caps in Commission orders and this staff document is to the wholesale electricity market in the United States portion of the Western Interconnection.  </span></span></p></div>
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        <a class="accordion__item-title" id="staff-guidance-on-wecc-soft-offer-caps-2" href="#" aria-controls="staff-guidance-on-wecc-soft-offer-caps-2-content" aria-expanded="false">
          <span class="accordion__item-text">
            When are filings due?
          </span>
          <span class="accordion__item-icon"><svg class="icon icon--arrow-down" viewBox="0 0 44 26"><path d="M22 21.385L2.908 2.293a1 1 0 00-1.414 1.414l19.799 19.8a1 1 0 001.414 0l19.8-19.8a1 1 0 00-1.415-1.414L22 21.385z" /></svg></span>
        </a>
        <div class="accordion__item-content" id="staff-guidance-on-wecc-soft-offer-caps-2-content" aria-hidden="true"><p class="MsoBodyText"><span><span><span>The Commission requires that justification filings be made within 30 days after the end of the month in which the sale in excess of the WECC soft price cap occurred.<a href="#_ftn1" name="_ftnref1"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><strong><span><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><strong><span><span>[1]</span></span></strong></span></span></strong></span></a><span>  For the purposes of this reporting, the date the sale occurred is the date on which the power flowed.</span></span></span></span></p>

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<hr>
<div id="ftn1">
<p class="MsoFootnoteText"><span><span><a href="#_ftnref1" name="_ftn1"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><strong><span><span><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><strong><span><span>[1]</span></span></strong></span></span></span></strong></span></a> <em><span>W. Elec. Coordinating Council</span></em><span>, 178 FERC ¶ 61,205, at P 14 (2022).</span></span></span></p>
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        <a class="accordion__item-title" id="staff-guidance-on-wecc-soft-offer-caps-3" href="#" aria-controls="staff-guidance-on-wecc-soft-offer-caps-3-content" aria-expanded="false">
          <span class="accordion__item-text">
            Are buyers required to submit justification filings?
          </span>
          <span class="accordion__item-icon"><svg class="icon icon--arrow-down" viewBox="0 0 44 26"><path d="M22 21.385L2.908 2.293a1 1 0 00-1.414 1.414l19.799 19.8a1 1 0 001.414 0l19.8-19.8a1 1 0 00-1.415-1.414L22 21.385z" /></svg></span>
        </a>
        <div class="accordion__item-content" id="staff-guidance-on-wecc-soft-offer-caps-3-content" aria-hidden="true"><p><span><span>Buyers are not required to submit justification filings.</span></span></p></div>
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        <a class="accordion__item-title" id="staff-guidance-on-wecc-soft-offer-caps-4" href="#" aria-controls="staff-guidance-on-wecc-soft-offer-caps-4-content" aria-expanded="false">
          <span class="accordion__item-text">
            What docket should be used for the filing?
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          <span class="accordion__item-icon"><svg class="icon icon--arrow-down" viewBox="0 0 44 26"><path d="M22 21.385L2.908 2.293a1 1 0 00-1.414 1.414l19.799 19.8a1 1 0 001.414 0l19.8-19.8a1 1 0 00-1.415-1.414L22 21.385z" /></svg></span>
        </a>
        <div class="accordion__item-content" id="staff-guidance-on-wecc-soft-offer-caps-4-content" aria-hidden="true"><p><span><span><span>Justification filings should be filed in new dockets under section 205 of the Federal Power Act, using Filing Code 80 (Compliance) for sellers in the “E” program, and Filing Code 70 (Compliance) for sellers in the “M” program.</span></span></span></p></div>
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        <a class="accordion__item-title" id="staff-guidance-on-wecc-soft-offer-caps-5" href="#" aria-controls="staff-guidance-on-wecc-soft-offer-caps-5-content" aria-expanded="false">
          <span class="accordion__item-text">
            Should justification filings also be filed in docket numbers where the seller’s MBR tariff was  accepted, if applicable?
          </span>
          <span class="accordion__item-icon"><svg class="icon icon--arrow-down" viewBox="0 0 44 26"><path d="M22 21.385L2.908 2.293a1 1 0 00-1.414 1.414l19.799 19.8a1 1 0 001.414 0l19.8-19.8a1 1 0 00-1.415-1.414L22 21.385z" /></svg></span>
        </a>
        <div class="accordion__item-content" id="staff-guidance-on-wecc-soft-offer-caps-5-content" aria-hidden="true"><p><span><span><span>Justification filings should not be filed in the docket in which a seller’s MBR tariff was accepted.</span></span></span></p></div>
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        <a class="accordion__item-title" id="staff-guidance-on-wecc-soft-offer-caps-6" href="#" aria-controls="staff-guidance-on-wecc-soft-offer-caps-6-content" aria-expanded="false">
          <span class="accordion__item-text">
            Which transactions are subject to justification?
          </span>
          <span class="accordion__item-icon"><svg class="icon icon--arrow-down" viewBox="0 0 44 26"><path d="M22 21.385L2.908 2.293a1 1 0 00-1.414 1.414l19.799 19.8a1 1 0 001.414 0l19.8-19.8a1 1 0 00-1.415-1.414L22 21.385z" /></svg></span>
        </a>
        <div class="accordion__item-content" id="staff-guidance-on-wecc-soft-offer-caps-6-content" aria-hidden="true"><p class="MsoBodyText"><span><span><span>The Commission requires justification filings for spot electric market sales that exceed the WECC soft price cap of $1,000/MWh.  Spot market sales in WECC are sales that are 24 hours or less in duration and are entered into the day of or day prior to delivery.<strong>  </strong>Purely financial transactions that do not result in the delivery of a physical electricity product are not subject to the WECC soft price cap.  </span></span></span></p></div>
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        <a class="accordion__item-title" id="staff-guidance-on-wecc-soft-offer-caps-7" href="#" aria-controls="staff-guidance-on-wecc-soft-offer-caps-7-content" aria-expanded="false">
          <span class="accordion__item-text">
            What kind of support is required for justification?
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          <span class="accordion__item-icon"><svg class="icon icon--arrow-down" viewBox="0 0 44 26"><path d="M22 21.385L2.908 2.293a1 1 0 00-1.414 1.414l19.799 19.8a1 1 0 001.414 0l19.8-19.8a1 1 0 00-1.415-1.414L22 21.385z" /></svg></span>
        </a>
        <div class="accordion__item-content" id="staff-guidance-on-wecc-soft-offer-caps-7-content" aria-hidden="true"><p class="MsoBodyText"><span><span><span>Sellers are required to include detailed information to support each transaction above the WECC soft price cap; this support could include documentation such as affidavits, purchase confirmations, and invoices. </span></span></span></p>

<p><span><span>In the June 2021 Guidance Order, the Commission provided examples of the kind of support that may be used to justify sales above the WECC soft price cap as just and reasonable.  For example, under the production cost-based framework, sellers may demonstrate actual short-run marginal costs such as fuel and operation and maintenance costs for generating resources using documentation such as purchase confirmations, invoices, and affidavits.    <strong>  </strong></span></span></p></div>
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        <a class="accordion__item-title" id="staff-guidance-on-wecc-soft-offer-caps-8" href="#" aria-controls="staff-guidance-on-wecc-soft-offer-caps-8-content" aria-expanded="false">
          <span class="accordion__item-text">
            If a seller responded to a buyer’s bid, such that the buyer set the price, does the seller have to justify the price?
          </span>
          <span class="accordion__item-icon"><svg class="icon icon--arrow-down" viewBox="0 0 44 26"><path d="M22 21.385L2.908 2.293a1 1 0 00-1.414 1.414l19.799 19.8a1 1 0 001.414 0l19.8-19.8a1 1 0 00-1.415-1.414L22 21.385z" /></svg></span>
        </a>
        <div class="accordion__item-content" id="staff-guidance-on-wecc-soft-offer-caps-8-content" aria-hidden="true"><p class="MsoBodyText"><span><span><span>All jurisdictional sellers are required to submit justification filings for sales above the WECC soft price cap, even those responding to a bid.  Accordingly, even if a seller responded <span>t</span>o a buyer’s bid, a justification filing is required to support a claim that a sale above the<span> WECC </span>soft price cap is just and reasonable.<strong> </strong></span></span></span></p></div>
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        <a class="accordion__item-title" id="staff-guidance-on-wecc-soft-offer-caps-9" href="#" aria-controls="staff-guidance-on-wecc-soft-offer-caps-9-content" aria-expanded="false">
          <span class="accordion__item-text">
            Do sellers need to justify transactions such as sleeves or sales priced at an index (i.e., the sale was not at a specific price over the soft price cap, but rather settled at a price above the cap due to where the index cleared)?
          </span>
          <span class="accordion__item-icon"><svg class="icon icon--arrow-down" viewBox="0 0 44 26"><path d="M22 21.385L2.908 2.293a1 1 0 00-1.414 1.414l19.799 19.8a1 1 0 001.414 0l19.8-19.8a1 1 0 00-1.415-1.414L22 21.385z" /></svg></span>
        </a>
        <div class="accordion__item-content" id="staff-guidance-on-wecc-soft-offer-caps-9-content" aria-hidden="true"><p class="MsoBodyText"><span><span><span>All jurisdictional sellers are required to submit justification for sales priced above the soft price cap, regardless of how that sales price came to be.</span></span></span></p>

<p class="MsoBodyText"><span><span><span>The June 2021 Guidance Order includes guidance regarding justification for sleeve transactions and justification under an index-based framework.</span></span></span></p></div>
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<div id="ftn1">
<p class="MsoFootnoteText"><span><span><a href="#_ftnref1" id="_ftn1" name="_ftn1"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><strong><span><span><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><strong><span><span>[1]</span></span></strong></span></span></span></strong></span></a> <em><span>ConocoPhillips Co.</span></em><span>, 175 FERC ¶ 61,226 (2021) (June 2021 Guidance Order).</span></span></span></p>
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