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2000 “Evaluating Effects of Fish Stocking on Amphibian Populations in Wilderness Lakes.” In, Cole, 

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2002 The Bird Web: Seattle’s Online Guide to the Birds of Washington State. Accessed online at 

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2004 The Bird Web: Merlin. Accessed on-line at http://www.birdweb.org/birdweb/species.asp?id=112

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2003 Genetic Diversity of Long-Toed Salamanders (Ambystoma macrodactylum) in High-Elevation 

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1997 The effect of temperature and food level on the expression of paedomorphosis and the occurrence 

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ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT 485

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1998a Interaction between introduced trout and larval salamanders (Ambystoma macrodactylum) in highelevation lakes. Conservation Biology 12:94-105. 

Tyler, T., W.J. Liss, R.L. Hoffman, and L.M. Ganio 

1998b “Experimental analysis of trout effects on survival, growth, and habitat use of two species of 

Ambystomatid salamanders.” Journal of Herpetology 32(3):345-349. 

Tyler, T.J., W.J. Liss, G.L. Larson, L.M. Ganio 

2002 Abundance and behavior of larval long-toed salamanders (Ambystoma macrodactylum) in 

naturally fishless lakes and lakes with non-reproducing populations of introduced trout in 

Northern Cascade Mountains, Washington, USA. Chapter 1 in Liss et al., eds. Ecological Impact 

of Introduced Trout on Native Aquatic Communities in Mountain Lakes, July 2002. 

Tyler, T.J., C.D. McIntire, B. Samora, R.L. Hoffman, and G.L. Larson 

2003 Inventory of aquatic breeding amphibians, Mount Rainier National Park, 1994-1999. U.S. 

Department of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science 

Center, Corvalis, OR. 

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) 

2004 National Guidance. Guidance for Assessing Chemical Contaminant Data for Use in Fish 

Advisories. Volume 2: Risk Assessment and Fish Consumption Limits. Office of Science and 

Technology. Available at: <http://www.epa.gov/ost/fishadvice/volume2/> 

U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) 

1995 Long-eared Myotis (Myotis evotis). Accessed online at 

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Walters, C.J. and R.E. Vincent 

1973 “Potential productivity of an alpine lake as indicated by removal and reintroduction of fish.” 

Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 102:675-697. 

Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife (WDFW), Washington Fish and Wildlife Commission 

1995 Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife Goals, Policies, and Objectives. Olympia, WA. 

February 2. 16 pp. 

2001 Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife’s High Lakes Fishery Management Program. Report 

Number 553-3766-001. Prepared by Parametrix (B. Pfeifer, M. Swayne, and B. Curtis). Olympia, 

WA. January 6. 272 pp. 

2002 List of federal and state sensitive species. Available at 

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2003 North Cascades National Park High Lakes Fishery Management Program. Draft Report. Mark R. 

Downen, Area Inland Biologist, Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife, La Conner District 

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Washington Department of Revenue (WDOR) 

2003 Taxable Retail Sales Comparison for All Cities and Unincorporated Counties. Taxable Retail 

Sales and Unit Count Calendar Year, 2002. Available online at 

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Washington Department of Transportation (WDOT) 

2002 Annual Traffic Report. 222 pp. Available online at http://www.wsdot.wa.gov/mapsdata/. 
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486 DRAFT MOUNTAIN LAKES FISHERY MANAGEMENT PLAN

Washington Employment Security Department (WESD) 

2003 Labor Market Information, Selected Economic Data. Available online at http://www.wa.gov/esd. 

Washington Gap Analysis Program (WAGAP) 

1997 Breeding Bird Distribution Models. Accessed online at 

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2003 Predicted Distribution Map for Merlin (Falco columbarius). Translated from the Washington Gap 

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Water Environmental Services, Inc. (WESI) 

1993 Olympic National Forest Wilderness Lake Survey: Goat Lake Phytoplankton-Zooplankton 

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Wydoski, R. S. and Whitney, R. R. 

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References

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT 487

PERSONAL COMMUNICATION 

Bivin, M., North Cascades National Park Plant Ecologist 

Personal communication with E. Bissell, TQNEPA. January 5 and June 22, 2004. 

Boiano, Danny, Fishery Biologist. Sequoia Kings Canyon National Park 

Personal communication. September 2003. 

Personal communication. October 14, 2003. 

Bransom, Sarah, NPS, Environmental Quality Division 

Personal communication (email) regarding angler numbers. January 3, 2004. 

Christerphersen, Roger, NPS Wildlife Biologist 

Personal communication. August 1, 2003. 

Cliff, Courtney, Stehikin Valley Ranch 

Personal communication. August 9, 2003. 

Conner, Ed, Seattle City Light 

Personal communication. June 19, 2003. 

Crisafulli, C. 

Personal Cummunication (telephone) with R. Nielsen, URS, Seattle, WA, regarding Dr. Crisafulli’s recent 

research on Northwest salamander predation by brook trout in Mt. St. Helen’s Volcanic Monumnet lakes. 

March 2003. 

Downen, Mark, Fishery Biologist, Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife 

Personal communication. November 14, 2002. 

Personal communication. June 15, 2003. 

Personal communication. January 20, 2004; June 21, 2004; and July 7, 2004 regarding fish and special 

status species presence, conditions, thresholds. 

Fowler, C. 

Memorandum to NPS staff at the North Cascades Complex regarding recreational activities and associated 

human impacts near lakes stocked with fish. October 28, 2003. 

Glesne, Reed, NPS Biologist 

Personal communication with Roy Zipp, 2003 (regarding tailed frogs); July 7 and 13, 2004 (regarding BMI 

impact thresholds) 

Hoffman, Bob, Oregon State University 

Personal communication July 30, 2003. 

Personal communication. August 5, 2003. 

Personal communication. October 14, 2003. 

Holmes, Ronald, NPS Aquatic Ecologist 

Personal communication. August 5, 2003. 

Holsinger, PhD, John R., Professor of Biological Sciences, Old Dominion University 

Personal communication regarding stygobromus, to Amy Hill. March 30, 2001. 

Kennedy, Jesse, NPS 

Personal communication regarding historic resources within the North Cascades National Park Service 

Complex. January 15, 2004. 
R EFERENCES

488 DRAFT MOUNTAIN LAKES FISHERY MANAGEMENT PLAN

Kuntz, Bob, NPS 

Personnal communication with Kim Cornelisse, URS Corporation. June 25, 2004. 

Larson, G., Oregon State University 

Personal communication. May 21, 2003. 

McKean, Sandy, Spokesperson, Hi-Lakers and Trail Blazers 

Personal communication, July 17, 2003. 

Mierendorf, Robert, NPS Archeologist. 

Personal communication regarding archeological resources and sensitive trails and lakes within North 

Cascades National Park Service Complex. January 2004. 

Personal communication regarding archeological sites within the North Cascades National Park Service 

Complex. January 8 and January 15, 2004. 

Moran, Patrick, Toxicologist, USGS-Water Resources Division 

Personal communication with Tom Campbell, URS Corporation. 2004. 

Nielsen, Rob, URS 

Personal communication with Nancy VanDyke, URS. January 16, 2004. 

Ostberg, Carl, Fishery Biologist, Western Fisheries Research Center 

Personal communication. August 4, 2003. 

Ostberg, Carl, Fishery Biologist, Western Fisheries Research Center 

Personal communication with Kim Cornelisse, URS Corporation. February 23, 2004. 

Pfeifer, Bob, Fishery Biologist, Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife 

Personal communication regarding fish impacts and thresholds, November 14, 2002 and July 7, 2004. 

Personal communication with E. Bissell, TQ NEPA. January 5, 2004. 

Personnal communication. May 12, 2004. 

Reidel, Jon, North Cascades Geologist 

Personal communication. August 1, 2003. 

Rosenlund, Bruce, Fishery Biologist USFWS 

Personal communication, September 2003 (Bruce is considered to be the expert on fish removal using 

antimycin based on work in the Rockies, including Rocky Mountain National Park. Bruce recommended 

methods of application, and assisted with estimating costs). 

Stinson, Derek 

Personal communication between D. Stinson, Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife and Kim 

Cornelisse, URS Corporation on June 28, 2004. 

Zipp, Roy, North Cascades National ParkService Complex, NPS Biologist 

Personal communication with Sandy McKean, spokesperson for Trail Blazers and Hi Lakers, 

July 17, 2003. 

Observations made by North Cascades National Park Staff in summer 2003. 

Personal communication with P. Steinholtz, URS Corporation. December 17, 2003. 

Personal communication with K. Cornelisse, URS Corporation on December 19, 2003. 

Personal communication regarding Draft Sport Fishing Use Estimates. December 27, 2003. 

Personal communication with J. Switzer, NPS. December 31, 2003. 

Personal communication regarding visitor use. 

Zyskowski, Stan, NPS 

Personal communication. August 15, 2003.