NATIONAL BUREAU OF STANDARDS REPORT

NBS PROJECT NBS REPORT

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glFjt

U. $. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE

NATIONAL BUREAU OF STANDARDS

The publication, repr Approved for public release by the parti is Prohlbited

unless permission Is oi Director of the National Institute of '^.Washington

25.D.C, Such permi S(andards am, Technology (NISX)

b«”

catty prepared If tha _ . ort for its own use, on October 9, 2015.

NBS 269 (Rev. 3/1/50) United States department of Commerce

Washington

Rational bureau of &tanbarbsi

Report

or

Fir© B&duranc© Tests ©f Tv*£&n**l ©atad L3&fc#rl©r wall Panels

Test e,©3?t To. TClQ2X9~b3? : njShb

Two fir© tests of pTm abris a #©<£ exterior walls wor e mad©

at til# National o ,j*#au of -..ttmdarcla and two at a laboratory

in tire IslatJaarX-ands to provld© data for- ifonpar ; soaS of the fear

e©n# tract ions*. bartain deviations In th© ard test -et r.ods,

saaci© necessary by the desirn e: the Te thirland® ..em; furnsa e f were carried through all t&a teats, ""he iaSiS do not provide

the basis for standard fir© ratings o©o«a*£s o... these deviations

out show the relative performsbo ©6 ©f the fon.tr eons*, rue tie:-: a undvr ©assn ti ally eq--uw. test ©ondrt-I© a.

1. IH'T ': -LODUC T I ON

Xa compliant© with a raquutst of Fay Z$ g %9Sk (1.11© TOttf]

frsft the torp© o: I.n4; .it.e©ra, Sorthaaat 'district, two Fir©

endurance tests of 'prefabricated panel# for anterior walls

were parfoiwid and two other fir# tents of different panels

for the same purpose were witnessed. T4© latter testa were

o ondue ted at the T. » 0» Fir© Taaecrcda Idalam story, delft,

Tolland.

ili© tocts war# m&ci# to provide data iov co . urts-. s

asiong iii# i our co^ true tIons tested, oth as to : : r# . a at at* c©

and as to the e&taafc of r©pairs which wo .14 be naeass&ry t . makx

the aa-iern li#o fir for • < se-*

1 # I ©cnnicii batmirttatansehalleti t nn-tot i

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TG10219-63:FP326S

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3 . Flames or gases hot enough to ignite cotton-waste pass

through the wall.

Certain deviations from the Standard Test Methods were

necessitated by the test furnaces. Tests 1 and 2 were made in

the wall test furnace of the T. >. 0. Laboratories at Delft,

Holland, shown in figure 5* This furnace was such that the

specimen size was about 7 ft. 6 in. wide and 10 ft. 6 in. high.

The furnace temperatures wore measured by five chrome1-alumel

thermocouples symmetrically distributed throughout the furnace

chamber. The junctions were bare and were located about 3 in.

from the exposed surface. The unexposed surface temperatures

were measured by five chrorael-alumel thermocouples whose

junctions were placed under 6 in. square falted asbestos pads,

four of which were symmetrically distributed over the surface

and the fifth placed over a joint between panels. Tests 3 and

1| were made in the wall test furnace of the National ureau of

Standards in Washington. The test frames ordinarily required

a specimen 10 ft. high and 16 ft. wide but filler walls were

built in to reduce the latter dimension to accomodate test

specimens 8 ft. wide, thereby approximating closely the frame

size of the Delft furnace. Therefore, the exposed areas of all

four test specimens were approximately equal but were less than

the minimum specified in the Standard Test Methods. Eleven

ehromel-alurael thermocouples were distributed symmetrically

over the unexposed surface with their junctions under 6 in.

square felted asbestos pads 0 .I4 in. thick. The numbers and

placement of thermocouples on the unexposed surfaces of the

four test specimens varied because of the available equipment

and 'be number of panels and joints and other construction

details, but were considered equivalent. No hose stream tests

were made on any of the specimens.

4. RESULTS

4*1 Test 1

Test of precast shocked concrete outer face and cement

coated fiber board inner face with 2 in. air space between.

During the first i+0 min. » slight amounts of smoke anc steam

issued from joints; at min., 2 explosions, cement coating

of inner face fell off from core and covered observation ports;

50 min, another explosion; 53 rain., fourth explosion; 2 hrs.

,

fifth explosion; 2 hr. 10 min., hairline cracks in unexposed

surface of center panel, upper section; 2 hr 20 min., gas off.
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Unroll ataly after th® §sut was fumed off, the vast .specifies

and m«fa« v*r« removed from the furnace, The maulakin, inner

face panel in che center ana i oriionti oi th©f® n either aide had

i alien Into the .furnace cntm cv, - he only dmrM,: e to the concrete

e -ur. face wti. a stalled spot afco -t j in* dmp arid 6 la. diameter

in the ©eftier of the upper section of each parol. deflections

Qt the ui«i* : so© were a II die,

fh# control of th© furnace tern :. erafcure was s .itii that the

ejiao aura severity was 89 pere or t ©f at andurd. The f:U-e endurance

limit was determined by %mk ©nature rim of 325 ue,.r»*® h at on©

thermocouple on the iraexpoeed »ris@ at 2 nr* a uin* the

ikerimeoupl© was on the '.ace of the center panel. If the

correction fom.nl®. in K119 la applied to the temperatures

indicated by the fear-© thermocouples , the correction la minus

3 min, therefore, the corrected fire cxr-uisnct, is £ nr. 3 rf n,

£ r the teat a. k,2 Test £

test of precast and shocked concrete outer face, i/Jneral

r;:

; bca£r pumice c©n©f»ete • , issued from the finu f •; 1 .r, <f run* and nil hr

• hairline cracks were observed in the •:.«,. ©aed sari ace at ki> rdn

or ifeout 3 a? : . The rae was t med off at 3 hr, US rhn*

Irnmedi ataly after the' as was t rred off, the frame and

specimen were removed frost the furnace* The center pumice panel and

portions of those on either side had melted down* the mineral

wool was in place except fox- the Centex a#cfc£@n behind v

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ax- ©a of

melted pumice, The outer concrete face was imdamaped and xecovered from the -*. leovio upon cool : • The control oi the furnace was such that the fire ex .©sure

severity was J6 percent of standard. The fir© ©ndurino* limit

was 'dot ©mined at 3 hr, 38 s&a*. by temp eratur® rise of 325 do , eee

at on© thermocouple located on the unopposed face o. the ce ..-or panel in the upper half. If the correction ho. ila in . 119 Is

applied to the temperatures as indicated by the bare fu ...a c therr^ecou- lea, the correction is minus . .iierefc. o corrected fir© endurance Is 3 hr, 33 min, The temporal --res. measured durin, the test are ©-.own in 1 . r.r© o,;

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T610219-63 : FP3268

I.1.3 Test 3

Test of mineral wool filled metal faced p&ofahriG&ted wall.

At min .

,

flames Into furnace from one joint between panels,

on exposed aide| in., flaxes into fwriiet fvm

exposed metal rase® of .all panels ©owed toward flumes ; 1 . min.,

ke fr m joint.® in - . ®d mxp mz.®% 13 u.u\., fl

into furnace f; ra joints in exposed fact almost out; 15 nin.

,

and af t.r, repeated pop -in. sounds* 31 = n. , lames out of 1 me. e

alon; top edge of Specimenj k$ mi paint and' or bit-ami nous

coai;n on upper 1/3 of uiioxpoaed face bliatoredj i hr# i mi®»,

pas off.

tfeaaadlateiy af ter the as was turned ©if , tire test frame

was removed from the furnace. The exposed face of me op@oixt.en

was badly warped and a bright low or flames in tit© into . let were

visible through the joints, ' The specimen was removed fr* m hie

frame, the exposed faces removed from the panels mid she fires

in the interior extinguished with water. The insulation in the

upper 3 to U ft. nad slipped down, -o to : ace res Itin >or«. the foowin or offing out of the exposed face. The wood frame and

ins 1 at I. on we: e badly charr.d#

The furnace control was such that the fir© exposure severity

was 98.8 percent of standard. The f 1 r# ©ndiuanoo was limited to

35 min by 325 de-..rae ? temperature rise ac one thermos, -uple on

the unoxposed surrace* This theraoeoupl© was located on the

cover strip of one of the joints between panda. he a. II utile

. $ i . .ed rice endurance

3k min. The temperate©® measured during the test are shown

in fl . ure 7

4*4 Test 4

Test of : ©til clad plywood faced call idled with glass

fiber insulation. Darin. the first 2 min., re ©sited pop in « 3 min., volimnihous flames into furnace from joints in excused

face, met cl face ul ed toward flame, smoke fro.', joints in

onex. osed face; 6 rd.n.., offset of . I on, joint in imexcosed

; 'ace as north anel bowed n>; 21 1 n«.., :

. , ht low or flames

in interior of north panel visible ..nrou. h joint in exposed face;

27 min., joint in unex .osed face between north aid :iorth-ct.nfcer

panels open in. , 34 tin., poppi .i, sound, .os o: at osed

face warped* 48 min. , flow visl lie "from u«ex, osed side in
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tiie placement of the furnace thermoc ©u-pl e s for tests 1

2 , at the Delft laboratory differed .from. the specified standard

in that the thermocouple* were not encased In pipe# and were

about 3 -i£»* from the expoaed face rather than 6 in* vh© 'are

junctions world lead to hi;; her tev.»perature Indications because

the pipes and their %h®mai la : were eliminate-..; • TrevI -

. as

experience has indicated exposure severities indicator y oar®

thermocouples differed oy about ? percent frc; t^sie indicate*:,

fey encased thermocouples in the same tests* The a feet of the

placement of the thermocouple junctions about 3 In* from the

exposed sun aces should be sc. all since the ©• brail depth of the

furnace chamber was only about 11 in# • camera lure variations

along the depth in such a furnace should be less than or, at

worst., equal to those that mi ht ex:; at in a deeper furnace

chamber.

These deviations from the wtaaxard Jest Method® and the

variations between the two test furnaces were such that, for the

purpose of the comparisons for which the- esta were requested,

their effects should be small* However, If fire resistance

rating,* should he desired for the various construction# tested,

it would be necessary to perform further tests which would fee

in full compliance with the standard Test let node#

5*2 !. ©pairs Necessary for ;.euse

It or before the ends oi the tests, the Individual test

specimens had ‘been damaged to the extent that repairs ur replacement would c© necessary* The condition and performance of

the specimens during the tests would apparently require!

Test 1 * The inner face would have to he replaced af ter a

standard 2 hr. fir© exposure or equivalent and the outer face

panels should he patched but could fee used as. JU.

Test 2 . The inner face and the mineral wool inauiati on

'between the faces would have to be replaced but the outer face

I anala would probe- 1 - be undamaged after a standard 31 hr# fire

exposure, or its equivalent*

Test 3* The com, let© wall panels would have to • •© replaced

after a | hr* standard fir© ex. ©sure, or eq d valent*

Test 4. The complete wall panels would have to e replaced

after & 3/4 hr* standard fire exposure, or ©q ,1 nlent.
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( 1, 119-53 )

Item E119 H equiramsnt s i» * !4* c. lasts

31 ze 100 ft. 2 76 3/4 ‘ft *

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Least .Dimension 9 ft. 74 ft.

Kuril ac © thermo - couple protee tl on encased bare

urnace thermocouple number 9 minimum 5

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number 5 $

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CONCRETE COVER

-5

STEEL FACING

]-

ELEVATION-FIRE EXPOSED SIDE VERTICAL SECTION

FIG. / CONSTRUCTION DETAILS OF TEST PANEL NO. /

CONCRETE COVER

HORIZONTAL SECTION

E!G. 2 CONSTRUCTION DETAILS OF TEST PANEL NO. 2

18 GA. STEEL FACE FASTENED WITH

NO. 7 X 1^" HELICAL NAILS, 6 PER STUD,

4 AT EACH HEADER AND PLATE, 2 PER FIRESTOP

1 X2"X 2-7" 16 GA. ANGLES(6) FASTENED TO HEADERS AND PLATES WITH NO. 1 4 X I " WOOD

SCREWS, 3 PER ANGLE, AND TO MOUNTING ANGLE WITH -j X 20 BOLTS, 3 PER ANGLE

I

PANEL JOINTS CAULKED

*

z{ X 2 ^

X ||X7'-II

1 MOUNTING ANGLES(2)

ELEVATION-FIRE EXPOSED SIDE

END FLASHINGS AND JOINT COVERS

FASTENED WITH NO. 14 X I j" WOOD

SCREWS AND COMBINATION WASHERS,

9 PER STUD

22 GA. GALBESTOS FASTENED WITH

NO. 7X1^-" HELICAL NAILS,6 PER STUD AND

2 AT EACH HEADER, PLATE AND FIRESTOP

3' 0F9LB. DENSITY MINERAL WOOL

vi'i Vk LlU ^ , 1 V/ W. . W NVH V. roHf .li. ...: *

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1 2' 8" >— 2' 8" 2' 8"

VERTICAL SECTION

LOOSE MINERAL WOOL

8 0

HORIZONTAL SECTION

FIG. J CONSTRUCTION DETAILS OF TESTPANEL N0.3

M—

|"X5^X235-V|R PLYWOOD

WASHERS AND NUTS

2

X l-g X 9 -4^ FI R PLYWOOD SPLINES FASTENED TO

.015" ALUMINUM BONDED TO j

FIR STILES WITH 2d ZINC COATED NAILS PLYWOOD FOR UNEXPOSED FACE 8 O.C

LB DENSITY FlBERED GLASS INSULATION

-|X3^-X9'-4| FIR PLYWOOD STILE

METAL CLAD PLYWOOD FLANGES

FASTENED TO STILES WITH 2d

ZINC COATED NAILS 8‘0.C HORIZONTAL SECTION

FIG. 4 CONSTRUCTION DETAILS OF TESTPANEL NO. 4

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FIG. 6

TIME-TEMPERATURE

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TEMPERATURE,

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FIG. 7 TIME-TEMPERATURE CURVES FOR TESTS NO. 3 AND

TEMPERATURE,

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