U S C E N S U S B U R E A U

American Community Survey Reports

U.S. Department of Commerce

Economics and Statistics Administration 

U.S. CENSUS BUREAU 

ACS-07

Issued May 2007

Helping You Make Informed Decisions

The American Community— 

American Indians and Alaska Natives: 2004
This report was drafted for the U.S. Census Bureau’s Racial Statistics

Branch by staff of the Pew Hispanic Center, Washington, DC

(Roberto Suro, Rakesh Kocchar, Jeffrey Passel, Gabriel

Escobar, Sonya Tafoya, Richard Fry, Dulce Benevides, and

Michelle Wunsch). Edward Spar and Frederick J. Cavanaugh of

Sabre Systems, Inc. provided initial review of the report.

Direction for the report was provided by Jorge H. del Pinal, former

Assistant Division Chief, Special Population Statistics, Population

Division. Overall direction was provided by Howard Hogan,

Associate Director for Demographic Programs, and Enrique J.

Lamas, Chief, Population Division.

The report was finalized by Nicholas A. Jones, Population

Division. Within the Population Division, Frank B. Hobbs and

Claudette E. Bennett provided subject matter review and guidance; Stella U. Ogunwole, Letha L. Clinton, and Maryam Asi

provided principal statistical assistance; and Anika Juhn and Pedro

Martinez prepared the maps. Principal editorial review and guidance was provided by Marjorie F. Hanson, Data Integration

Division. In addition, Lisa M. Blumerman, Kenneth R. Bryson,

and Deborah H. Griffin of the American Community Survey Office

provided helpful comments on this report.

Dale Garrett, under the guidance of Alfredo Navarro and

Anthony G. Tersine, Jr. of the Decennial Statistical Studies

Division, conducted sampling review.

Jan Sweeney, Theodora Forgione, and Jamie Peters of the

Administrative and Customer Services Division, Walter C. Odom,

Chief, provided publications and printing management, graphics

design and composition, and editorial review for print and electronic

media. General direction and production management were provided

by Wanda Cevis, Chief, Publications Services Branch.

Acknowledgments
U.S. Census Bureau The American Community—American Indians and Alaska Natives: 2004 1

INTRODUCTION

This report presents a portrait of the

American Indian and Alaska Native

population in the United States.1 It is

part of the American Community

Survey (ACS) report series.

Information on demographic, social,

economic, and housing characteristics in the tables and figures is

based on data from the 2004 ACS

Selected Population Profiles and

Detailed Tables.2 The data for the

American Indian and Alaska Native

population are based on responses

to the 2004 ACS question on race,

which asked all respondents to

report one or more races.3

The 2004 ACS estimated the number of American Indians and Alaska

Natives to be about 4 million, or

1.4 percent of the U.S. household

population (Table 1).4 The number

of individuals who reported

American Indian and Alaska Native

as their only race was about 

2.2 million, or 0.8 percent of the

population. About another 1.9 million reported their race as

American Indian and Alaska Native

and one or more other races,

including about 1.4 million people

who reported their race as

American Indian and Alaska Native

and White.5 The American Indian

and Alaska Native-alone-or-in-combination population included about

561,000 Hispanics, and the

American Indian and Alaska Nativealone population included about

299,000 Hispanics.6

Data are reported for both the

American Indian and Alaska Nativealone and the American Indian and

Alaska Native-alone-or-incombination populations. In this

report, respondents who reported

American Indian and Alaska Native

and no other race are included in

the single-race or American Indian

and Alaska Native-alone population

The American Community—

American Indians and Alaska Natives: 2004

Table 1.

Household Population by Race and Hispanic Origin: 2004

(Data based on sample limited to the household population and exclude the population living in

institutions, college dormitories, and other group quarters. For information on confidentiality

protection, sampling error, nonsampling error, and definitions, see

http://factfinder.census.gov/home/en/datanotes/exp_acs2004.html)

Race and Hispanic origin

Population

Percent of

total

population

Margin of

error1 (±)

Total . . . . . . . . . . . ................. 285,691,501 100.00 (X)

White alone, not Hispanic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192,362,875 67.33 0.01

American Indian and Alaska Native alone2 . . . 2,151,322 0.75 0.02

Not Hispanic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,852,775 0.65 0.01

Hispanic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ................ 298,547 0.10 0.01

American Indian and Alaska Native alone or

in combination . . . . . . . . . . . . . .............. 4,006,160 1.40 0.02

Not Hispanic . . . . . . . . . .................. 3,445,472 1.21 0.02

Hispanic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ......... 560,688 0.20 0.02

American Indian and Alaska Native in

combination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,854,838 0.65 0.02

Not Hispanic . . . . . . . . . . . . ............... 1,592,697 0.56 0.02

Hispanic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ................ 262,141 0.09 0.01

American Indian and Alaska Native and

White . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,370,675 0.48 0.02

(X) Not applicable.

1 This number, when added to and subtracted from the estimate, produces the 90-percent

confidence interval around the estimate. 2 This category includes people who reported only ‘‘American Indian or Alaska Native,’’ either by

specifying one or more American Indian or Alaska Native tribes or tribal groupings or by responding with

a generic term such as ‘‘American Indian’’ or ‘‘Alaska Native.’’

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2004 American Community Survey, Selected Population Profiles,

S0201.

1 In the federal government, the category

“American Indian or Alaska Native” refers to

people having origins in any of the original

peoples of North and South America (including Central America) who maintain tribal

affiliation or community attachment. 2 The 2004 ACS datasets, including

Selected Population Profiles and Detailed

Tables, are available online in the American

FactFinder at <http://factfinder.census.gov>. 3 For further information on the content

and format of the questionnaire, see

<www.census.gov/acs/www/Downloads

/SQuest03.pdf>. 4 This report discusses data for the

United States, including the 50 states and

the District of Columbia; it does not include

data for Puerto Rico.

5 The race-in-combination categories use

the conjunction and in bold and italicized

print to link the race groups that compose

the combination. 6 The estimates in this report are based

on responses from a sample of households.

Estimates may vary from the actual values

because of sampling error and other factors.

All comparative statements have undergone

statistical testing and are significant at the

90-percent confidence level unless otherwise

noted.
(i.e., including those who reported

their race as one or more American

Indian and Alaska Native tribes and

no other race). Respondents who

reported American Indian and

Alaska Native either alone or with

one or more other race categories

are included in the American

Indian and Alaska Native-alone-orin-combination population. The

report also includes data for the

non-Hispanic segments of these

populations.

Data on individuals who reported

that they were American Indian

and Alaska Native and White, a

part of the in-combination population, are shown separately in this

report in the American Indian and

Alaska Native and White category.

The term “American Indian and

Alaska Native” is used to refer to

the American Indian and Alaska

Native-alone population and the

term “non-Hispanic White” is used

to refer to the White-alone, not

Hispanic population. In the report

graphics, the acronym “AIAN” is

used to refer to the American Indian

and Alaska Native population.

The American Indian and Alaska

Native population includes people

who reported American Indian and

Alaska Native or wrote in their

principal or enrolled tribe or tribes

on the ACS question on race.

Among American Indians, Cherokee

was the largest tribal grouping,

with a population of 331,000 or 

15 percent of the American Indian

and Alaska Native-alone population

(Table 2).7 Navajo was the 

2 The American Community—American Indians and Alaska Natives: 2004 U.S. Census Bureau

Table 2.

American Indian and Alaska Native Household Population

by Tribal Group: 2004

(Data based on sample limited to the household population and exclude the population living in

institutions, college dormitories, and other group quarters. For information on confidentiality protection,

sampling error, nonsampling error, and definitions, see

http://factfinder.census.gov/home/en/datanotes/exp_acs2004.html)

Tribal group

Population

Percent of

American

Indian and

Alaska Nativealone

population

Margin of

error1 (±)

American Indian and

Alaska Native alone2 . . . . . . . . . . . 2,151,322 100.0 (X)

American Indian tribal grouping, specified . . . 1,729,574 80.4 0.88

Apache . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66,048 3.1 0.63

Blackfeet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39,508 1.8 1.13

Cherokee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........... 331,491 15.4 0.83

Cheyenne . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ......... 15,715 0.7 0.35

Chickasaw . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........ 12,773 0.6 0.27

Chippewa . . . . . . . . . . . . . ................ 92,041 4.3 0.47

Choctaw . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55,107 2.6 0.47

Creek . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27,243 1.3 0.26

Iroquois . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .......... 50,982 2.4 0.51

Lumbee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59,433 2.8 0.25

Navajo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 230,401 10.7 1.20

Osage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............. 13,982 0.6 0.25

Ottawa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ................ 12,824 0.6 0.16

Paiute . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............. 14,944 0.7 0.23

Pima . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............ 48,709 2.3 1.35

Potawatomi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........ 14,952 0.7 0.21

Pueblo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............ 69,203 3.2 0.70

Seminole . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12,578 0.6 0.29

Sioux . . . . . . . . ......................... 67,666 3.1 0.70

Tohono O’Odham . . . . . . ................ 20,577 1.0 0.31

Yaqui . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .......... 16,169 0.8 0.22

Yuman . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............ 10,419 0.5 0.78

All other American Indian tribes3 . . . . . . . . . 446,809 20.8 1.27

American Indian tribes, not specified . . . . . . . 45,736 2.1 0.35

Alaska Native tribes, specified . . . . . . . . ..... 89,462 4.2 0.37

Alaska Athabascan . . . . . . . . . . . .......... 12,370 0.6 0.17

Aleut . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,037 0.5 0.16

Eskimo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............. 35,951 1.7 1.16

Tlingit-Haida . . . . . . . . . . ................. 18,677 0.9 0.67

All other Alaska Native tribes4 . . . . . . . . . . . 11,427 0.5 0.73

Alaska Native tribes, not specified . . . . . . . . . . 11,808 0.5 0.09

American Indian tribes or Alaska Native

tribes, not specified5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 274,742 12.8 0.90

(X) Not applicable.

1 This number, when added to and subtracted from the estimate, produces the 90-percent

confidence interval around the estimate. 2 This category includes people who reported only ‘‘American Indian or Alaska Native,’’ either by

specifying one or more American Indian or Alaska Native tribes or tribal groupings or by responding with

a generic term such as ‘‘American Indian’’ or ‘‘Alaska Native.’’ 3 This category includes people who reported one specified American Indian tribe or tribal grouping

not shown above, as well as people who reported two or more specified American Indian tribes or tribal

groupings but only reported as American Indian or Alaska Native. 4 This category includes people who reported one specified Alaska Native tribe or tribal grouping not

shown above, as well as people who reported two or more specified Alaska Native tribes or tribal

groupings but reported only as American Indian or Alaska Native. 5 This category includes respondents who checked the ‘‘American Indian or Alaska Native’’ response

category or wrote in the generic term ‘‘American Indian’’ or ‘‘Alaska Native’’ or tribal entries not

elsewhere classified.

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2004 American Community Survey, Selected Population Profiles,

S0201, and Detailed Tables, B02005.

7 Tribal grouping refers to the combining

of individual American Indian tribes into a

general tribal grouping, such as Fort Sill

Apache, Jicarilla Apache, and Mescalero

Apache, into the general Apache tribe, or combining individual Alaska Native tribes, such as

American Eskimo, Eskimo, and Greenland

Eskimo, into the general Eskimo tribe.
second-largest tribal grouping, with

a population of 230,000 or 11 percent of the American Indian and

Alaska Native-alone population.

Other tribal groupings with populations of about 50,000 or more

included Apache, Chippewa,

Choctaw, Iroquois, Lumbee, Pueblo,

and Sioux. These tribal groupings

accounted for nearly one-half of the

American Indian and Alaska Nativealone population. Among Alaska

Natives, Eskimo and Tlingit-Haida

tribal groupings both had populations of 15,000 or more people. In

the future, as the ACS goes to full

implementation and multiple-year

estimates are produced, more information about additional tribal

groupings may be available.

HIGHLIGHTS

American Indians and Alaska

Natives were most likely to live in

one of three states—Arizona,

California, and Oklahoma. Many of

the Western states had relatively

larger proportions (3 percent or

more) of American Indians and

Alaska Natives, compared with the

rest of the United States.

Compared with the non-Hispanic

White population, the American

Indian and Alaska Native population had a larger proportion of

younger people and a smaller proportion of older people in 2004.

American Indians and Alaska

Natives were more likely never to

have married than non-Hispanic

Whites. About two-thirds of

American Indian and Alaska Native

households were family households. Compared with nonHispanic White women, American

Indian and Alaska Native women

were more likely to have given

birth in the past 12 months.8

About 1 of every 4 American

Indians and Alaska Natives lived

below the poverty level, compared

with about 1 of every 10 nonHispanic Whites. About one-quarter

of American Indian and Alaska

U.S. Census Bureau The American Community—American Indians and Alaska Natives: 2004 3

The American Community Survey (ACS) is a new

nationwide survey designed to provide reliable,

timely information for local communities on how

they are changing. This survey is a critical element

in the U.S. Census Bureau’s 2010 Decennial Census

Program. The ACS collects detailed information on

the characteristics of the population and housing

on an ongoing sample basis. These data previously

were collected in census years in conjunction with

the decennial census. Since the ACS is conducted

every year, rather than once every 10 years, it will

provide more current data throughout the decade.

Fully implemented in 2005, the ACS is the largest

household survey in the United States, with an

annual sample size of about 3 million housing unit

addresses throughout the country. Release of annual estimates from the ACS began in 2006 for all

geographic areas with a population of 65,000 or

more; 3-year period estimates will begin in 2008

for areas and populations as small as 20,000; and

5-year period estimates will start in 2010 for census tracts, block groups, and small populations. All

estimates, including the 3-year and 5-year period

estimates, are planned to be updated every year.

During the testing program (2000 to 2004), the

ACS sampled approximately 800,000 addresses per

year and produced estimates for the United States,

states, and essentially all places, counties, and metropolitan areas with at least 250,000 people.

The data contained in this report are based on the

ACS sample interviewed in 2004. The population

represented (the population universe) is limited to

the household population and excludes the population living in institutions, college dormitories, and

other group quarters. For information on the ACS

sample design and other ACS topics, visit

<http://factfinder.census.gov/home/en/datanotes

/exp_acs2004.html>.

The Census Bureau’s population estimates program

releases official population estimates of the U.S.

resident population by sex, age, race, and Hispanic

origin. For information on the Census Bureau’s population estimates program, visit <www.census.gov

/popest/estimates.php>. The ACS estimates in this

report pertain to the household population only

(i.e., the total population, excluding the group quarters population). Therefore, the ACS estimate of the

American Indian and Alaska Native population

shown in this report should not be viewed as the

official measure of this population.

What Is the American Community Survey?

8 The summary statistics mentioned in

these highlights often refer to different segments of the American Indian and Alaska

Native-alone population. For example, birth

rates are estimated for women 15 to 50 years

old, and educational attainment refers to the

population aged 25 and older. The figures in

the report contain information on the universe for each statistic.
Native workers were employed in

management, professional, and

related occupations.

Most American Indians and Alaska

Natives were high school graduates

and about 1 of every 7 had a bachelor’s degree or more education.

American Indians and Alaska

Natives generally spoke only

English at home or spoke English

very well.

4 The American Community—American Indians and Alaska Natives: 2004 U.S. Census Bureau

The 2004 American Community Survey (ACS) followed the federal standards for collecting and presenting data on race and Hispanic origin established by the Office of Management and Budget

(OMB) in 1997. In accordance with these standards,

which mandate that race and Hispanic origin are

two separate and distinct concepts, the ACS asked

both a Hispanic-origin question and a race question.* The first question asked respondents if they

were Spanish, Hispanic, or Latino. The next question asked respondents to indicate the race or races

they considered themselves to be.**

The questions about race and Hispanic origin on the

2004 ACS are comparable with those on Census

2000. In both, the Hispanic-origin question preceded

the race question, and respondents were asked to

select one or more race categories. The 2004 ACS

question on race included 15 separate response categories and two areas where respondents could write

in a more specific race group. In addition to White,

Black or African American, American Indian or Alaska

Native, and Some Other Race, 7 of the 15 response

categories are Asian and 4 are Native Hawaiian or

Other Pacific Islander. OMB recognizes five standard

race categories: White, Black or African American,

American Indian or Alaska Native, Asian, and Native

Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander. The response categories and write-in answers can be combined to

create the five OMB race categories plus Some Other

Race, as well as all combinations of two or more

races. The “Some Other Race” category was included

in Census 2000 and also in the 2004 ACS for respondents who were unable to identify with 1 of the 5

OMB race categories.

Because the 2004 ACS allowed respondents to

report more than one race, two basic ways of defining a race group are possible. A group such as

American Indian and Alaska Native may be defined

as those who reported American Indian and Alaska

Native and no other race (the race-alone or singlerace concept) or as those who reported American

Indian and Alaska Native regardless of whether

they also reported another race (the race alone-orin-combination concept).

Race and Hispanic origin are treated as two separate

and distinct concepts in the federal statistical system. People in each race group may be either

Hispanic or not Hispanic, and people of Hispanic

origin may be any race. The Census Bureau uses a

variety of approaches for showing data on race and

ethnicity. The text of this report compares the population and housing characteristics for the single-race

American Indian and Alaska Native population with

those of the White-alone, not Hispanic population.

However, this does not imply that this approach is

the Census Bureau’s preferred method for analyzing

data on race. In the graphics and tables of this

report, several approaches for measuring race are

shown. These approaches illustrate the overlapping

concepts for measuring race. The specific measures

shown are: 1) the single-race American Indian and

Alaska Native population; 2) the single-race American

Indian and Alaska Native, not Hispanic population; 

3) the American Indian and Alaska Native-alone-or-incombination population; and 4) the American Indian

and Alaska Native-alone-or-in-combination, not

Hispanic population.

Because Hispanics may be any race, data in this

report for American Indians and Alaska Natives

overlap with data for Hispanics. Data from the ACS

show that, in 2004, Hispanic American Indians and

Alaska Natives composed approximately 14 percent

of the single-race American Indian and Alaska

Native population.

Understanding Data on Race and Hispanic Origin From the 

2004 American Community Survey

* For further information, see <www.whitehouse.gov/omb

/fedreg/1997standards.html>.

** Race and Hispanic origin, as used by the Census Bureau,

reflect self-identification by individuals according to the group or

groups with which they most closely identify. The categories are

sociopolitical constructs that include racial, ethnic, and national

origin groups. For more details, see <www.census.gov/acs

/www/Downloads/2004/usedata/Subject_Definitions.pdf>.
• In 2004, American Indians and

Alaska Natives were most likely

to live in 1 of 3 states—Arizona,

California, or Oklahoma. These

states represented the top three

states for both the American

Indian and Alaska Native-alone

population, as well as the

American Indian and Alaska

Native-alone-or-in-combination

population.

• Arizona represented about 

13 percent of the American

Indian and Alaska Native-alone

population and about 8 percent

of the American Indian and

Alaska Native-alone-or-incombination population. 

• California and Oklahoma each

represented about 12 percent of

the American Indian and Alaska

Native-alone population and

about 14 percent (California)

and about 10 percent

(Oklahoma) of the American

Indian and Alaska Native-aloneor-in-combination population.9

U.S. Census Bureau The American Community—American Indians and Alaska Natives: 2004 5

About one-third of American Indians and Alaska Natives resided in three states.

Figure 1.

American Indian and Alaska Native Household 

Population by State: 2004

(Percent distribution of American Indian and Alaska Native population. Data based on 

sample limited to the household population and exclude the population living in 

institutions, college dormitories, and other group quarters. For information on 

confidentiality protection, sampling error, nonsampling error, and definitions, see 

http://factfinder.census.gov/home/en/datanotes/exp_acs2004.html) 

All other states 33.9

Arizona 12.6

California 12.2

New Mexico 8.1

North Carolina 4.0 Texas 4.0

Alaska 3.8

Oklahoma 12.4

Washington 3.4

New York 2.8

Montana 2.7

American Indian and Alaska Native Alone or in Combination

Note: Percentages do not sum to 100.0 due to rounding.

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2004 American Community Survey, Selected Population 

Profiles, S0201.

All other states 41.1 California 13.9

Arizona 8.0

Texas 5.1

New Mexico 4.8

Washington 4.1

North Carolina 3.4

Oklahoma 10.3

New York 3.2

Michigan 3.2

Alaska 3.1

American Indian and Alaska Native Alone

9 The percentages of the American Indian

and Alaska Native-alone populations in

Oklahoma and California are not statistically

different from the American Indian and

Alaska Native-alone population in Arizona.
• The American Indian and Alaska

Native-alone population represented about 0.8 percent of the

U.S. household population, and

the American Indian and Alaska

Native-alone-or-in-combination

population represented about

1.4 percent.

• The state of Alaska had the

largest proportion of single-race

American Indians and Alaska

Natives in its population (about

13 percent), as well as American

Indians and Alaska Natives who

reported one or more races

(about 19 percent).

• Many western states had relatively larger proportions (3 percent or more) of American

Indians and Alaska Natives. For

single-race American Indians

and Alaska Natives, this included states such as Alaska,

Arizona, Montana, and New

Mexico. Oklahoma and North

Dakota also had relatively larger

proportions of American Indians

and Alaska Natives.

• In addition to these states, two

other states had relatively larger

proportions of American Indians

and Alaska Natives who reported one or more races—Wyoming

and South Dakota.

6 The American Community—American Indians and Alaska Natives: 2004 U.S. Census Bureau

Alaska had a larger proportion of American Indians and Alaska Natives

than any other state.

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2004 American Community Survey, Detailed Tables, B02001 and B02010.

U.S. percent 1.4

8.0 or more

3.0 to 7.9

1.5 to 2.9

Less than 1.5

8.0 or more

3.0 to 7.9

1.5 to 2.9

Less than 1.5

U.S. percent 0.8

Figure 2.

Percent American Indian and Alaska Native by State: 2004

(American Indian and Alaska Native-alone, and American Indian and Alaska Native-alone-or-in-combination population, as a 

percent of state population. Data based on sample limited to the household population and exclude the population living in 

institutions, college dormitories, and other group quarters. For information on confidentiality protection, sampling error, 

nonsampling error, and definitions, see http://factfinder.census.gov/home/en/datanotes/exp_acs2004.html)

American Indian and

Alaska Native alone

AZ

4.8 NM

9.3

ID

1.6

MT

6.5 ND

5.6

SD

2.4

OK

7.8

WY

2.3

AK

12.9

CA

1.6

AK

19.3

AZ

5.7

NV

1.9 CO

1.5

OR

2.6 ID

2.1

MT

7.8

WY

3.4

NM

10.2

OK

12.0

KS

2.5

ND

6.2 MN

1.5

AR

1.5

WA

2.7

HI

2.0

American Indian and Alaska Native 

alone or in combination

SD

3.2

NC

1.6
• In 2004, American Indians and

Alaska Natives had a median

age of 31.9 years, about 8 years

younger than the median age of

the non-Hispanic White population, 40.1 years.

• The American Indian and Alaska

Native population had a larger

proportion of young people and

a smaller proportion of older

people than the non-Hispanic

White population.

• About 30 percent of American

Indians and Alaska Natives were

children (under 18), compared

with about 22 percent of 

non-Hispanic Whites. About 

7 percent of American Indians

and Alaska Natives were 65 and

older, compared with about 

15 percent of non-Hispanic

Whites.

U.S. Census Bureau The American Community—American Indians and Alaska Natives: 2004 7

The median age of American Indians and Alaska Natives was about 8 years younger 

than that of non-Hispanic Whites.

Figure 3.

Selected Age Groups and Median Age: 2004 

Note: Some percentages do not sum to 100.0 due to rounding. 

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2004 American Community Survey, Selected Population Profiles, S0201.

(Percent distribution. Data based on sample limited to the household population and exclude the population living in institutions, 

college dormitories, and other group quarters. For information on confidentiality protection, sampling error, nonsampling error, and 

definitions, see http://factfinder.census.gov/home/en/datanotes/exp_acs2004.html) 

AIAN and White

AIAN alone or in

combination, not

Hispanic

AIAN alone or in

combination

AIAN alone, not

Hispanic

AIAN alone

White alone, not

Hispanic

Total

Under 18 18 to 44 45 to 64 65 and older

Median age 

(years)

36.2

40.1

31.9

32.7

32.0

33.4

34.1

25.5

22.3

29.6

29.3

30.9

29.6

29.9

38.0

35.8

40.6

39.9

38.6

38.1

36.5

24.5

27.3

23.3

23.9

23.6

24.7

25.0

12.0

14.5

6.5

6.9

7.1

7.6

8.5
• In 2004, about 42 percent of

American Indians and Alaska

Natives aged 15 and older were

married, compared with about

57 percent of non-Hispanic

Whites aged 15 and older.10

• American Indians and Alaska

Natives (about 35 percent) were

more likely than non-Hispanic

Whites (about 24 percent) never

to have married.

• About 1 of every 6 American

Indians and Alaska Natives was

either separated (about 3 percent) or divorced (about 

14 percent), compared with

about 1 of every 8 non-Hispanic

Whites (about 2 percent and

about 11 percent, respectively).

8 The American Community—American Indians and Alaska Natives: 2004 U.S. Census Bureau

More than one-third of the American Indians and Alaska Natives had never married.

Figure 4.

Marital Status: 2004

Note: Some percentages do not sum to 100.0 due to rounding. 

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2004 American Community Survey, Selected Population Profiles, S0201.

(Percent distribution of population 15 and older. Data based on sample limited to the household population and exclude the 

population living in institutions, college dormitories, and other group quarters. For information on confidentiality protection, 

sampling error, nonsampling error, and definitions, see http://factfinder.census.gov/home/en/datanotes/exp_acs2004.html) 

AIAN and White

AIAN alone or in

combination, not

Hispanic

AIAN alone or in

combination

AIAN alone, not

Hispanic

AIAN alone

White alone, not

Hispanic

Total

Never Married Married Separated Widowed Divorced

27.8

23.8

35.3

35.2

34.3

33.6

30.2

53.8

57.3

42.3

42.2

42.3

42.6

45.0

2.1

1.5

3.0

3.0

3.1

3.1

3.3

6.1

6.7

5.4

5.6

5.5

5.7

5.7

10.2

10.7

14.0

14.0

14.8

15.0

15.8

10 Differences between the age distributions of American Indians and Alaska Natives

and non-Hispanic Whites may affect marital

status patterns.
• American Indian and Alaska

Native women had a higher fertility rate than non-Hispanic

White women.11

• About 66 of every 1,000

American Indian and Alaska

Native women aged 15 to 50

had given birth in the 12

months prior to being surveyed,

compared with about 50 of

every 1,000 non-Hispanic White

women aged 15 to 50.

• About 46 percent of American

Indian and Alaska Native mothers who had given birth were

unmarried, compared with

about 20 percent of nonHispanic White mothers.

U.S. Census Bureau The American Community—American Indians and Alaska Natives: 2004 9

American Indian and Alaska Native women were more likely to have given birth in the 

past 12 months than non-Hispanic White women.

Figure 5.

Fertility: 2004

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2004 American Community Survey, Selected Population 

Profiles, S0201.

(Of every 1,000 women aged 15 to 50, the number who had given birth in the 

12 months preceding the survey, based on the race and Hispanic origin of the mother. 

Data based on sample limited to the household population and exclude the population 

living in institutions, college dormitories, and other group quarters. For information 

on confidentiality protection, sampling error, nonsampling error, and 

definitions, see http://factfinder.census.gov/home/en/datanotes/exp_acs2004.html)

AIAN and White

AIAN alone or in

combination, not

Hispanic

AIAN alone or in

combination

AIAN alone, not

Hispanic

AIAN alone

White alone, not

Hispanic

Total

Births per 1,000 women in the 

past 12 months

Percent of 

women with a 

birth in the 

past 12 months 

who were 

unmarried

28.6

20.5

45.6

50.2

46.1

49.3

38.6

55.4

50.3

65.9

62.4

57.7

55.6

46.2

11 Of every 1,000 women aged 15 to 50,

the number who had given birth in the 12

months preceding the date of the survey,

whether in 2003 or 2004.
• About 68 percent of American

Indian and Alaska Native households and 66 percent of nonHispanic White households were

family households.12

• American Indian and Alaska

Native households (about 

41 percent) were less likely than

non-Hispanic White households

(about 54 percent) to be

married-couple households.

• About 20 percent of American

Indian and Alaska Native households were families maintained

by a woman with no husband

present, compared with about 

9 percent of non-Hispanic White

households. 

• American Indian and Alaska

Native households consisted of

2.9 people on average, compared with 2.5 people on average for non-Hispanic White

households.

10 The American Community—American Indians and Alaska Natives: 2004 U.S. Census Bureau

About two-thirds of American Indian and Alaska Native households were family

households.

Figure 6.

Household Type: 2004

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2004 American Community Survey, Selected Population Profiles, S0201, and Detailed Tables, B11001.

(Percent distribution. Household type is shown by the race and Hispanic origin of the householder. Data based on sample limited to 

the household population and exclude the population living in institutions, college dormitories, and other group quarters. For 

information on confidentiality protection, sampling error, nonsampling error, and definitions, see 

http://factfinder.census.gov/home/en/datanotes/exp_acs2004.html) 

AIAN and White

AIAN alone or in

combination, not

Hispanic

AIAN alone or in

combination

AIAN alone, not

Hispanic

AIAN alone

White alone, not

Hispanic

Total

Married couple

Female householder, 

no husband present 

Male householder, 

no wife present Nonfamily households

Average

household

size

2.60

2.45

2.85

2.81

2.68

2.64

2.49

Family households

50.2

53.5

40.5

40.6

40.1

40.4

42.7

12.6

8.9

20.4

20.9

19.1

18.7

15.1

4.4

3.5

7.3

6.4

6.2

5.8

5.0

32.8

34.1

31.8

32.1

34.6

35.1

37.2

12 A household is a person or a group of

people who occupy a housing unit as their current residence. A family household consists of

a householder and one or more people living

together in the same household who are related to the householder by birth, marriage, or

adoption. It may also include people unrelated

to the householder. There are three types of

family households in the survey data: married

couple, female householders with no husband

present, and male householders with no wife

present. In addition, there are nonfamily

households, such as a person living alone or

with unrelated individuals.
• About 7 percent of American

Indians and Alaska Natives aged

30 and older were grandparents

living in the same household

with their coresident grandchildren younger than 18. In comparison, about 2 percent of nonHispanic Whites aged 30 and

older were grandparents living

in the same household with

their coresident grandchildren

younger than 18.

• About 58 percent of American

Indian and Alaska Native grandparents who lived with their

coresident grandchildren were

also responsible for their care,

compared with about 45 percent

of non-Hispanic White grandparents who lived with their coresident grandchildren.

U.S. Census Bureau The American Community—American Indians and Alaska Natives: 2004 11

American Indians and Alaska Natives were more likely than non-Hispanic Whites

to live with and care for grandchildren.

Figure 7.

Responsibility for Grandchildren Under 18 Years: 2004

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2004 American Community Survey, Selected Population Profiles, S0201.

(Percent of people 30 and older. Data based on sample limited to the household population and exclude the population living 

in institutions, college dormitories, and other group quarters. For information on confidentiality protection, sampling error, 

nonsampling error, and definitions, see http://factfinder.census.gov/home/en/datanotes/exp_acs2004.html)

AIAN and White

AIAN alone or in

combination, not

Hispanic

AIAN alone or in

combination

AIAN alone, not

Hispanic

AIAN alone

White alone, not

Hispanic

Total

Percent with grandchildren in 

the household

Percent of grandparents responsible for 

coresident grandchildren

3.4

2.3

7.1

7.1

5.9

5.8

4.0

41.8

44.5

58.0

60.9

57.6

59.3

51.2
• About 75 percent of American

Indians and Alaska Natives aged

5 and older spoke only English

at home, compared with about

94 percent of non-Hispanic

Whites aged 5 and older.

• About another 18 percent of

American Indians and Alaska

Natives spoke a language other

than English at home and spoke

English very well, compared

with about 4 percent of nonHispanic Whites.

12 The American Community—American Indians and Alaska Natives: 2004 U.S. Census Bureau

A majority of American Indians and Alaska Natives spoke only English at home or 

spoke English very well.

Figure 8.

Language Spoken at Home and English-Speaking Ability: 2004

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2004 American Community Survey, Selected Population Profiles, S0201.

(Percent distribution of population 5 and older. Data based on sample limited to the household population and exclude the population 

living in institutions, college dormitories, and other group quarters. For information on confidentiality protection, sampling error, 

nonsampling error, and definitions, see http://factfinder.census.gov/home/en/datanotes/exp_acs2004.html)

AIAN and White

AIAN alone or in

combination, not

Hispanic

AIAN alone or in

combination

AIAN alone, not

Hispanic

AIAN alone

White alone, not

Hispanic

Total

Only English at home

Non-English at home, 

English spoken 

"very well"

Non-English at home, 

English spoken less than 

"very well"

81.3

94.3

75.3

80.3

82.1

86.8

91.0

10.3

3.9

18.0

15.8

13.2

10.6

6.9

8.4

1.8

6.7

3.9

4.7

2.6

2.1
• About 77 percent of American

Indians and Alaska Natives aged

25 and older were high school

graduates and about 14 percent

had a bachelor’s degree or more

education. 

• Among non-Hispanic Whites aged

25 and older, about 89 percent

were high school graduates and

about 30 percent had a bachelor’s degree or more education.

U.S. Census Bureau The American Community—American Indians and Alaska Natives: 2004 13

About three-fourths of American Indians and Alaska Natives were 

high school graduates.

Figure 9.

Educational Attainment: 2004

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2004 American Community Survey, Selected Population Profiles, S0201.

(Percent of population 25 and older. Data based on sample limited to the household population and exclude the population 

living in institutions, college dormitories, and other group quarters. For information on confidentiality protection, sampling error, 

nonsampling error, and definitions, see http://factfinder.census.gov/home/en/datanotes/exp_acs2004.html)

AIAN and White

AIAN alone or in

combination, not

Hispanic

AIAN alone or in

combination

AIAN alone, not

Hispanic

AIAN alone

White alone, not

Hispanic

Total

Less than high school High school graduate or more

Bachelor's degree 

or more

16.1

11.4

23.4

21.6

20.8

19.6

18.7

83.9

88.6

76.6

78.4

79.2

80.4

81.3

27.0

29.7

14.2

15.1

16.3

16.8

17.3
• About 25 percent of civilian

employed American Indians and

Alaska Natives aged 16 and

older worked in management,

professional, and related occupations, compared with about

38 percent of civilian employed

non-Hispanic Whites aged 16

and older. About 23 percent of

American Indian and Alaska

Native workers worked in sales

and office occupations, compared with about 27 percent of

non-Hispanic White workers.

• American Indian and Alaska

Native workers were also

employed in a variety of other

occupations, including about 

22 percent in service occupations; about 15 percent in construction, extraction, and maintenance occupations; and about

another 15 percent in production, transportation, and material moving occupations.13

• In comparison, the proportion of

non-Hispanic White workers

aged 16 and older in these

occupations was about 14 percent in service occupations;

about 10 percent in construction, extraction, and maintenance occupations; and about

12 percent in production, transportation, and material moving

occupations.

14 The American Community—American Indians and Alaska Natives: 2004 U.S. Census Bureau

American Indians and Alaska Natives worked in a variety of occupations.

13 The proportion of American Indian and

Alaska Native workers in sales and office

occupations was not significantly different

from the proportion in service occupations.

Figure 10.

Occupation: 2004

Note: Some percentages do not sum to 100.0 due to rounding.

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2004 American Community Survey, Selected Population Profiles, S0201.

(Percent distribution of civilian employed population 16 and older. Data based on sample limited to the household population and 

exclude the population living in institutions, college dormitories, and other group quarters. For information on confidentiality 

protection, sampling error, nonsampling error, and definitions, see http://factfinder.census.gov/home/en/datanotes/exp_acs2004.html)

AIAN and White

AIAN alone or in

combination, not

Hispanic

AIAN alone or in

combination

AIAN alone, not

Hispanic

AIAN alone

White alone, not

Hispanic

Total

Management, 

professional, and 

related occupations 

Service 

occupations 

Sales and office 

occupations

Farming, 

fishing, and

forestry 

occupations

Construction, 

extraction, and

maintenance 

Production, 

transportation, 

and material 

moving

34.1

37.6

25.4

27.2

27.1

28.3

28.2

16.2

13.7

21.5

21.1

20.3

19.8

18.6

26.2

26.9

23.3

22.9

24.7

24.2

25.8

0.7

0.5

0.7

0.6

0.7

0.6

0.9

9.8

9.6

14.6

14.3

12.8

12.7

11.3

13.1

11.7

14.5

13.9

14.5

14.4

15.3
• The median income of American

Indian and Alaska Native households in the 12 months prior to

being surveyed was about

$31,600. This was about

$17,000 less than the median

income of non-Hispanic White

households (about $48,800).

U.S. Census Bureau The American Community—American Indians and Alaska Natives: 2004 15

The median income of American Indian and Alaska Native households was less than 

that of non-Hispanic White households.

14

Figure 11.

Median Household Income: 2004

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2004 American Community Survey, Selected Population 

Profiles, S0201.

(Household income in the past 12 months in 2004 inflation-adjusted dollars. Housing 

units are classified by the race and Hispanic origin of the householder. Data based 

on sample limited to the household population and exclude the population living in 

institutions, college dormitories, and other group quarters. For information on 

confidentiality protection, sampling error, nonsampling error, and definitions, 

see http://factfinder.census.gov/home/en/datanotes/exp_acs2004.html)

AIAN and White

AIAN alone or in

combination, not

Hispanic

AIAN alone or in

combination

AIAN alone, not

Hispanic

AIAN alone

White alone, not

Hispanic

Total $44,684

$48,784

$31,605

$30,818

$32,997

$32,500

$35,520

14 Data reflect the median income of

households in the 12 months prior to being

surveyed. Income is expressed in 2004

inflation-adjusted dollars. It is based on the

distribution of the total number of households and includes those with no income.

Households are classified by the race and

Hispanic origin of the householder.
• About 25 percent of American

Indians and Alaska Natives were

living below the poverty level in

the 12 months prior to being

surveyed, compared with about

9 percent of non-Hispanic

Whites.

• The poverty rate was generally

higher for children (under age

18). About 31 percent of

American Indian and Alaska

Native children and about 

11 percent of non-Hispanic

White children lived in poverty.

• Among those aged 65 and older,

American Indians and Alaska

Natives had a poverty rate of

about 20 percent, compared

with about 7 percent for nonHispanic Whites.

16 The American Community—American Indians and Alaska Natives: 2004 U.S. Census Bureau

The poverty rate was higher for American Indians and Alaska Natives than for 

non-Hispanic Whites.

15

Figure 12.

Poverty Rate by Age Group: 2004

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2004 American Community Survey, Selected Population Profiles, S0201.

(Percent of specific group in poverty in the past 12 months. Data based on sample limited to the household population and exclude 

the population living in institutions, college dormitories, and other group quarters. For information on confidentiality protection,

sampling error, nonsampling error, and definitions, see http://factfinder.census.gov/home/en/datanotes/exp_acs2004.html)

AIAN and White

AIAN alone or in

combination, not

Hispanic

AIAN alone or in

combination

AIAN alone, not

Hispanic

AIAN alone

White alone, not

Hispanic

Total

All ages Under 18 65 and older

13.1

8.8

24.6

25.1

22.2

22.2

18.1

18.4

11.0

30.7

31.6

27.7

27.8

22.1

9.4

7.2

20.2

19.7

17.2

16.7

13.6

15 In accordance with the U.S. Office of

Management and Budget’s (OMB) Statistical

Policy Directive 14, the Census Bureau uses

a set of money income thresholds that vary

by family size and composition to determine

who is in poverty. If a family’s total income is

less than the threshold for the family, then

that family and every individual in it are considered to be in poverty. For example, the

poverty threshold for a family of three with

one child under 18 for the 1-year period

preceding the ACS interview was $14,974.

Poverty status was determined for all individuals except for unrelated individuals under

15 years old. The official poverty definition

uses money income before taxes and does

not include capital gains or noncash benefits.

For more information on poverty in the ACS,

see <www.census.gov/prod/2005pubs

/acs-01.pdf> and <www.census.gov/acs

/www/UseData/Def/Poverty.htm>.
• A majority of American Indian

and Alaska Native households

(about 56 percent) lived in

owner-occupied homes. In comparison, about 74 percent of

non-Hispanic White households

lived in owner-occupied homes.

• About 44 percent of American

Indian and Alaska Native households lived in renter-occupied

homes, compared with about 

26 percent of non-Hispanic

White households.

U.S. Census Bureau The American Community—American Indians and Alaska Natives: 2004 17

More than one-half of American Indian and Alaska Native households lived in 

owner-occupied homes.

Figure 13.

Housing Tenure: 2004

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2004 American Community Survey, Selected Population Profiles, S0201.

(Percent of occupied housing units. Housing tenure is shown by the race and Hispanic origin of the householder. Data based on 

sample limited to the household population and exclude the population living in institutions, college dormitories, and other group 

quarters. For information on confidentiality protection, sampling error, nonsampling error, and definitions, 

see http://factfinder.census.gov/home/en/datanotes/exp_acs2004.html)

AIAN and White

AIAN alone or in

combination, not

Hispanic

AIAN alone or in

combination

AIAN alone, not

Hispanic

AIAN alone

White alone, not

Hispanic

Total

Owners Renters

67.1

73.9

55.5

56.8

56.4

57.5

60.8

32.9

26.1

44.5

43.2

43.6

42.5

39.2
• The median value of American

Indian and Alaska Native owneroccupied homes was about

$95,000, compared with a median value of about $154,000 for

non-Hispanic White owneroccupied homes.16

• The median monthly rental payment of American Indian and

Alaska Native households in

renter-occupied homes was

about $597. In comparison, the

median monthly rental payment

made by non-Hispanic White

households was about $693.17

18 The American Community—American Indians and Alaska Natives: 2004 U.S. Census Bureau

The median value of owner-occupied homes for American Indians and Alaska Natives

was about $95,000.

Figure 14.

Selected Housing Characteristics: 2004

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2004 American Community Survey, Selected Population Profiles, S0201.

(Housing units are classified by the race and Hispanic origin of the householder. Data based on sample limited to the household 

population and exclude the population living in institutions, college dormitories, and other group quarters. For information on 

confidentiality protection, sampling error, nonsampling error, and definitions, see 

http://factfinder.census.gov/home/en/datanotes/exp_acs2004.html)

AIAN and White

AIAN alone or in

combination, not

Hispanic

AIAN alone or in

combination

AIAN alone, not

Hispanic

AIAN alone

White alone, not

Hispanic

Total

Median value of owner-occupied housing units 

Median gross rent of 

renter-occupied housing units 

$151,366

$153,693 

$95,454

$92,753

$108,818

$106,132

$120,439

$694

$693

$597

$585

$622

$608

$627

16 Differences between the geographic

distribution of American Indians and Alaska

Natives and non-Hispanic Whites may affect

home values and rental costs.

17 The monthly rental payment represents

gross rent (i.e., the amount of the contract

rent plus the estimated average monthly

cost of utilities and fuels).
• In 2004, about 71 percent of

American Indian and Alaska

Native workers aged 16 and

older drove alone and about 

16 percent carpooled to work.18

• Among non-Hispanic White

workers aged 16 and older,

about 81 percent drove alone

and about 8 percent carpooled

to work.

• The mean travel time to work

was similar for American Indian

and Alaska Native workers and

non-Hispanic White workers

(about 24 minutes).

U.S. Census Bureau The American Community—American Indians and Alaska Natives: 2004 19

American Indian and Alaska Native workers were more likely than non-Hispanic White

workers to carpool to work.

18 Differences between the geographic

distribution of American Indians and Alaska

Natives and non-Hispanic Whites may affect

commuting patterns.

Figure 15.

Commuting to Work: 2004

Note: Some percentages do not sum to 100.0 due to rounding. 

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2004 American Community Survey, Selected Population Profiles, S0201. 

(Percent of workers 16 and older. Data based on sample limited to the household population and exclude the population living in 

institutions, college dormitories, and other group quarters. For information on confidentiality protection, sampling error, nonsampling 

error, and definitions, see http://factfinder.census.gov/home/en/datanotes/exp_acs2004.html)

AIAN and White

AIAN alone or in

combination, not

Hispanic

AIAN alone or in

combination

AIAN alone, not

Hispanic

AIAN alone

White alone, not

Hispanic

Total

Drove alone: 

car, truck, or van

Carpooled: 

car, truck, 

or van

Public 

transportation, 

except taxicab Walked

Other 

means 

Worked

at home

Mean 

travel 

time 

(mins.)

24.7

23.9

23.9

24.0

24.0

23.9

23.7

77.7

81.1

71.2

72.3

72.1

73.1

75.5

10.1

8.3

15.7

14.6

14.5

13.8

12.7

4.6

2.6

3.4

3.0

3.6

3.2

2.6

2.4

2.2

4.3

4.6

3.9

4.0

3.2

1.4

1.3

2.1

2.1

2.1

2.1

2.1

3.8

4.4

3.2

3.5

3.8

3.9

4.0
SOURCE OF THE DATA 

AND ACCURACY OF 

THE ESTIMATES

The findings presented in this

report are based on the ACS sample interviewed in 2004. The data

in this report are based on the

population living in households

that were included in the ACS sample. The 2004 ACS did not collect

information from people living in

group quarters, which include correctional facilities, hospitals, college dormitories, group homes,

and overnight shelters.

The 2004 ACS used a two-stage

stratified sample of approximately

838,000 housing units and the

occupants of these units. ACS figures are estimates based on this

sample and approximate the actual

figures that would have been

obtained by interviewing the entire

household population using the

same methodology. The estimates

from the 2004 ACS sample may differ from other samples of housing

units and people within those housing units. The process of sampling

ensures the integrity and the representativeness of sample survey

results but also results in sampling

error. Sampling error is the deviation of a sample estimate from the

average of all possible samples.

In addition to sampling error, other

types of errors, specifically, nonsampling errors, may be introduced during any of the operations

used to collect and process survey

data. For example, operations such

as editing, reviewing, or keying

data from questionnaires may

introduce error into the estimates.

Nonsampling errors may affect the

data in two ways. Errors that are

introduced randomly increase the

variability of the data. Systematic

errors that are consistent in one

direction introduce bias into the

results of a sample survey. The

Census Bureau protects against the

effect of systematic errors on survey estimates by conducting

extensive research and evaluation

programs on sampling techniques,

questionnaire design, and data collection and processing procedures.

The primary sources of error and

the processes instituted to control

error in the 2004 ACS are

described in further detail in the

Accuracy of the Data (2004) explanation located at <www.census.gov

/acs/www/Downloads/ACS

/accuracy2004.pdf>.

Sampling errors and some types of

nonsampling errors are estimated by

the measure of standard error. The

sample estimate and its estimated

standard error permit the construction of interval estimates with a

prescribed confidence that the interval includes the average result of all

possible samples. All comparison

statements in this ACS 2004 report

have undergone statistical testing,

and comparisons are significant at

the 90-percent confidence level

unless otherwise noted.

FOR MORE INFORMATION

Further information from the 2004

ACS is available from the American

FactFinder on the Census Bureau’s

Web site. More than 1,000 tables

are available, including population

profiles for race, Hispanic-origin,

and ancestry groups. The Internet

address is 

<http://factfinder.census.gov>. 

For information on confidentiality

protection, also see

<www.census.gov/acs/www

/Downloads/ACS

/accuracy2004.pdf>.

For more information on the

American Indian and Alaska Native

population, visit 

<http://factfinder.census.gov

/home/aian/index.html> and

<www.census.gov/population

/www/socdemo/race/indian.html>.

CONTACT

For additional information, contact

the Racial Statistics Branch at 

301-763-2402 or via e-mail

pop@census.gov.

20 The American Community—American Indians and Alaska Natives: 2004 U.S. Census Bureau