U.S. Department of the Interior

U.S. Geological Survey

Open-File Report 2009–1077

In cooperation with the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources and 

the Minnesota Pollution Control Agency

Concentrations of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) 

in Urban Stormwater, Madison, Wisconsin, 2005–08

Concentrations of Polycyclic Aromatic 

Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Urban Stormwater, 

Madison, Wisconsin, 2005–08

By William R. Selbig

In cooperation with the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources and the 

Minnesota Pollution Control Agency

Open-File Report 2009–1077

U.S. Department of the Interior

U.S. Geological Survey
U.S. Department of the Interior

KEN SALAZAR, Secretary

U.S. Geological Survey

Suzette M. Kimball, Acting Director

U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia: 2009

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Suggested citation:

Selbig, W.R., 2009, Concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in urban stormwater, 

Madison, Wisconsin, 2005–08: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2009–1077, 46 p.

ISBN 978-1-4113-2436-7
iii

Contents

Abstract...........................................................................................................................................................1

Introduction.....................................................................................................................................................1

Description of Study Areas ..........................................................................................................................1

Parking Lot 1 ..........................................................................................................................................2

Parking Lot 2 ..........................................................................................................................................3

Parking Lot 3 ..........................................................................................................................................4

Feeder Street.........................................................................................................................................5

Collector Street .....................................................................................................................................6

Arterial Street........................................................................................................................................7

Commercial Roof...................................................................................................................................8

Mixed-Use Area (Strip Mall)...............................................................................................................8

Runoff-Sample Collection...........................................................................................................................10

Results ...........................................................................................................................................................10

References....................................................................................................................................................26

Appendix Tables 1–1 – 1–7 .........................................................................................................................27

Figures

1–8. Photographs showing:

1. Parking lot number 1. A, Ground-level view. B, Aerial view with delineated 

drainage boundary ..............................................................................................................2

2. Parking lot number 2. A, Ground-level view. B, Aerial view with delineated 

drainage boundary ..............................................................................................................3

3. Parking lot number 3. A, Ground-level view. B, Aerial view with delineated 

drainage boundary ..............................................................................................................4

4. Photograph of feeder street, Madison, Wis. ..................................................................5

5. Photograph of collector (minor arterial) street, Middleton, Wis. ...............................6

6. Arterial street. A, Ground-level view. B, Aerial view with delineated drainage 

boundary ...............................................................................................................................7

7. Photograph of commercial roof, Madison, Wis. ............................................................8

8. Mixed use (strip mall) study site, Fitchburg, Wis. A, Ground-level view. 

B, Aerial view with delineated drainage boundary........................................................9

9–11. Graphs showing:

9. Percent contribution of individual PAH compounds from source areas 

monitored in Madison, Wis. (2008)..................................................................................12

10A. Geometric mean concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from 

parking lots in Madison, Wis., and Marquette, Mich. ................................................20

10B. Geometric mean concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from 

commercial roofs in Madison, Wis., and Marquette, Mich. ......................................21

10C. Geometric mean concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from 

feeder streets in Madison, Wis., and Marquette, Mich. ............................................22

10D. Geometric mean concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from 

collector streets in Madison, Wis., and Marquette, Mich. ........................................23
iv

10E. Geometric mean concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from 

arterial streets in Madison, Wis., and Marquette, Mich. ...........................................24

10F. Geometric mean concentrations of total polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons 

from source areas monitored in Madison, Wis., and Marquette, Mich. .................25

11. Mean concentration of total polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from source 

areas monitored in Madison, Wis. (2008) ......................................................................26

Tables

1. Source areas and land uses sampled for definition of pollutant concentration................1

2. Limits of detection and detection frequencies of polycyclic aromatic 

hydrocarbons ..............................................................................................................................11

3A. Summary statistics of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons for parking lots that 

have and have not been sealed ...............................................................................................13

3B. Summary statistics of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons for residential 

feeder street................................................................................................................................15

3C. Summary statistics of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons for collector street................16

3D. Summary statistics of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons for arterial street...................17

3E. Summary statistics of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons for commercial roof..............18

3F. Summary statistics of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons for the mixed-use area 

(strip mall) ....................................................................................................................................19

Conversion Factors and Abbreviations

Multiply By To obtain

Length

inch (in.) 2.54 centimeter (cm)

foot (ft) 0.3048 meter (m)

Area

acre 0.4047 hectare (ha)

square foot (ft2) 0.09290 square meter (m2)

Volume

liter (L) 0.2642 gallon (gal)

Temperature in degrees Celsius (°C) may be converted to degrees Fahrenheit (°F) as follows

°F=(1.8×°C)+32

Horizontal coordinate information is referenced to the 1991 adjustment of the North American 

Datum of 1983 (NAD 83/91).

Water year in USGS reports is the 12-month period October 1 through September 30. The water 

year is designated by the calendar year in which it ends.
Concentrations of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons 

(PAHs) in Urban Stormwater, Madison, Wisconsin, 

2005–08

By William R. Selbig

Abstract

Concentrations of 18 PAH compounds were characterized from six urban source areas (parking lots, feeder street, 

collector street, arterial street, rooftop, and strip mall) around 

Madison, Wisconsin. Parking lots were categorized into those 

that were or were not sealed. On average, chrysene, fluoranthene, and pyrene were the dominant PAH compounds in all 

urban stormwater samples. Geometric mean concentrations for 

most individual PAH compounds were significantly greater for 

a parking lot that was sealed than for lots that were not sealed. 

Results from this study are consistent with similar studies that 

measured PAH concentrations in urban stormwater samples in 

Marquette, Mich., and Madison, Wis.

Introduction

Environmental managers are often faced with the difficult 

challenge of developing strategies to mitigate a variety of 

pollutants entrained in urban runoff. Characterizing pollutant concentrations by source area may help focus managerial decision-making. Limited attention has been given to 

more unconventional and potentially toxic pollutants, such as 

polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), owing to a lack of 

concentration data. Although there is growing evidence that 

PAHs and other organic pollutants are degrading the health of 

urban water resources, not enough data are available to do a 

mass balance on their sources. 

In 2005, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources 

(WDNR), began a study to help municipalities reduce the 

uncertainty in their stormwater management planning by 

characterizing polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) concentrations in urban runoff from different source areas and 

land uses. As part of an interstate cooperative agreement, the 

Minnesota Pollution Control Agency (MPCA) joined the study 

in 2008. Water-quality samples were collected at multiple sites 

in Madison, Wis., for approximately 1 year at each site; the 

entire study spanned August 2005 through September 2008. 

The purpose of this report is to summarize PAH concentration 

data collected from six urban source areas in or near Madison, Wis., during the study and to compare these data to PAH 

concentrations reported in previous studies. 

Description of Study Areas

This study characterized concentrations of individual 

PAH compounds as well as a total PAH summation from several urban source areas. Specific source areas and land-use categories are identified in table 1. Choice of these urban source 

areas was based on the prevalence of the specific types of 

source areas within urban watersheds. Data from source areas 

or land uses with multiple sampling locations were synthesized to represent their respective category. For example, data 

from three different commercial parking lots were synthesized 

into a single dataset representing all parking lots. Parking lots 

were further delineated by maintenance criteria as being either 

sealed or not sealed with an asphalt or coal-tar-based sealant. 

Each street was categorized by traffic volume as a feeder, collector, or arterial street. A summary of the geographic setting 

and physical description for each study area follows.

Table 1. Source areas and land uses sampled for definition of 

pollutant concentration.

Source area Land use Number of sites

Parking lot Commercial 3 

(1 sealed, 2 not sealed)

Streets Residential, 

commercial 3

Rooftop Institutional (flat) 1

Mixed use Commercial 

(strip mall) 1
89°31'30" 89°31'25"

43°3'35"

43°3'30"

EXPLANATION

Drainage basin 0 50 100 200Feet

0 25 50 Meters

Figure 1. Parking lot number 1. A, Ground-level view. B, aerial view with delineated drainage boundary.

A

B

2 Concentrations of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Urban Stormwater, Madison, Wisconsin, 2005–08

Parking Lot 1

Figure 1. Parking lot number 1. 

A, Ground-level view. 

B, Aerial view with delineated drainage boundary.

Figures 1A and 1B illustrate the layout 

and general appearance of parking lot 1. This 

3.3-acre commercial parking area is on the west 

side of Madison adjacent to a home improvement store. The asphalt-based surface was 

approximately 10 to 15 years old at the time 

of study. Maintenance of the asphalt lot has 

been limited to periodic sealing of cracks with 

an asphalt-based tar. Runoff is collected into a 

single storm-sewer inlet near the center of the 

parking lot, then conveyed through a concrete, 

30-in.-diameter circular pipe from which the 

runoff eventually drains into an open ditch. 
89°18'30" 89°18'25"

43°7'15"

43°7'10"

EXPLANATION

Drainage basin 0 50 100 200 Feet

0 25 50 Meters

A

B

Figure 2. Parking lot number 2. A, Ground-level view. B, aerial view with delineated drainage boundary.

Description of Study Areas 3

Parking Lot 2

Figure 2. Parking lot number 2. 

A, Ground-level view. 

B, Aerial view with delineated drainage boundary.

Figures 2A and 2B illustrate the layout 

and general appearance of parking lot 2. 

This 5.9-acre commercial parking area is 

on the east side of Madison adjacent to a 

shopping center complex. The asphalt-based 

surface was approximately 5 years old at the 

time of study. Maintenance of the asphalt 

lot has been limited to periodic sealing of 

cracks with an asphalt-based tar. Runoff is 

collected into multiple storm-sewer inlets 

then conveyed through a common concrete, 

36-in.-diameter circular pipe, from which 

the runoff eventually drains into a detention 

pond. 
89°22'37" 89°22'34"

43°4'41"

43°4'38" 0 25 50 100 Feet

0 5 10 20 Meters

EXPLANATION

Drainage basin

Figure 3. Parking lot number 3. A, Ground-level view. B, aerial view with delineated drainage boundary.

A

B

4 Concentrations of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Urban Stormwater, Madison, Wisconsin, 2005–08

Parking Lot 3

Figure 3. Parking lot number 3. A, Ground-level view. 

B, Aerial view with delineated drainage boundary.

Figures 3A and 3B illustrate the layout and general 

appearance of parking lot 3. This 0.91-acre parking lot is used 

primarily for employees of an electric generation plant during 

weekdays and as overflow parking for nearby businesses during weeknights and weekends (Judy Horwatich, U.S. Geological Survey, written commun., 2009). The asphalt-based 

surface was 22 years old at the time of study. Maintenance for 

the parking lot includes periodic application of seal coat. A 

seal coat of coal-tar was last applied in 2000. 
Description of Study Areas 5

Feeder Street

This 0.4-acre residential street had an average daily traffic count of fewer than 1,500 vehicles per day at the time of study. Runoff from the asphalt-based street is collected via concrete 

curb and gutter and conveyed into a nearby storm sewer. Runoff is from the street surface with 

no additional contributing source areas. A moderate amount of organic detritus is deposited on 

the street surface from overhead tree canopy, especially during spring and fall. The street was 

cleaned monthly during the study period, commencing in early spring and ending in late fall. 

Figure 4 shows the general appearance of the residential feeder street.

Figure 4. Feeder street, Madison, Wis.
6 Concentrations of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Urban Stormwater, Madison, Wisconsin, 2005–08

Collector Street

This 0.93-acre commercial street had an average daily traffic count ranging between 

10,000 to 15,000 vehicles per day at the time of study, designating it as a collector to minor 

arterial street. Runoff from the asphalt-based street is collected from two lanes of asphalt pavement in both the eastbound and westbound directions via concrete curb and gutter and then 

conveyed into a concrete, 15-in.-diameter circular pipe. Streets are the major source of runoff; 

even though a grassed median separates the eastbound and westbound lanes, it was not considered a significant source of runoff. The street was cleaned monthly during the study period, 

commencing in early spring and ending in late fall. Figure 5 shows the general appearance of 

the collector street.

Figure 5. Collector (minor arterial) street, Middleton, Wis.
89°18'10" 89°18'

43°8'10"

43°8' 

EXPLANATION

Eastbound lanes drainage basin

Westbound lanes drainage basin

0 250 500 Feet

0 50 100 Meters

Figure 6. Arterial street. A, Ground-level view. B, aerial view with delineated drainage boundary.

A

B

Description of Study Areas 7

Arterial Street

Figure 6. Arterial street. A, Ground-level view. 

B, Aerial view with delineated drainage boundary.

The arterial street is a length of U.S. Highway 

151 in Madison, Wis. It was reconstructed in 1999 

as divided highway with up to four lanes in each 

direction. The monitored stretch of highway has a 

drainage area of 2.27 acres and approximately 5,000 

linear feet of curb and gutter that directs highway 

runoff into a concrete, 18-in.-diameter circular pipe 

(Judy Horwatich, U.S. Geological Survey, written commun., 2009). A 3-ft-wide grassed median 

separates the eastbound and westbound lanes. Runoff 

from a small, grassy hillside drains to the arterial 

street but was not considered a significant source of 

flow (Judy Horwatich, U.S. Geological Survey, oral 

commun., 2009). The concrete-based highway has 

1/8-in. grooves oriented perpendicular to traffic flow. 

These grooves provide pavement drainage and traction for vehicles under slippery conditions. Average 

daily traffic count was approximately 40,000 vehicles 

per day at the time of study. Figures 6A and 6B show 

the general appearance of the arterial street.
8 Concentrations of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Urban Stormwater, Madison, Wisconsin, 2005–08

Commercial Roof

The commercial roof monitored as part of this study is a municipal wellhouse on the west 

side of Madison, Wis. Runoff from the 3,080-ft2 flat, rubber roof is directed equally to one of 

two aluminum downspouts. Samples were acquired at the end of a single downspout. Figure 7 

shows the general appearance of the commercial roof.

Figure 7. Commercial roof, Madison, Wis.

Mixed-Use Area (Strip Mall)

This 2.76-acre mixed-use area (representing the “strip mall” category sometimes used in 

urban stormwater studies and models) is in the City of Fitchburg, just south of Madison. Runoff 

originates from four primary source areas: parking lot (57 percent), roofs (24 percent), sidewalks (15 percent), and grassed areas (4 percent). Runoff is collected by multiple storm-sewer 

inlets and then conveyed through a single concrete, 12-in.-diameter circular storm sewer, from 

which the runoff eventually drains into an open ditch. Roofs within the strip-mall drainage 

basin are constructed primarily with asphalt composite shingles commonly found on residential 

dwellings. The gutters and downspouts are constructed primarily of painted extruded aluminum. The asphalt-based parking lot was approximately 10 years old at the time of study, having 

been constructed in 1999. Maintenance for the parking lot has included periodic application of 

seal coat. Sealant was last applied on July 16, 2008, at approximately halfway through the sampling timeframe of this study. It is unknown whether the sealant was asphalt or coal-tar based. 

Figures 8A and 8B show the general appearance and layout of the strip mall.
!. ")

")

")

")

"

) ")

Drainage basin

A

B

Figure 8. Mixed use (strip mall) study site, Fitchburg, Wis., A, Ground-level view. B, aerial view with 

delineated drainage boundary.

Description of Study Areas 9

Figure 8. Mixed use (strip 

mall) study site, Fitchburg, Wis. 

A, Ground-level view. 

B, Aerial view with delineated 

drainage boundary.
10 Concentrations of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Urban Stormwater, Madison, Wisconsin, 2005–08

Runoff-Sample Collection

An automated monitoring station was used to measure 

flow and collect samples near the basin outlet of each source 

area monitored in this study. Each monitoring station was 

equipped with automated stormwater-quality samplers and 

instruments to measure water level and velocity. Measurement, control, and storage of data were done by way of 

electronic dataloggers. Precipitation data were collected by use 

of a tipping-bucket rain gage calibrated to 0.01 inch. A probe 

with two different sensor systems was mounted to the bottom 

of each pipe. Each probe contained a pressure transducer to 

measure water level and a pair of ultrasonic transducers to 

measure velocity. A fifth-order polynomial was used to convert 

water level into cross-sectional area for each pipe configuration. Instantaneous pipe discharge was then computed by 

multiplying the cross-sectional area of the pipe by the associated mean velocity. Storm-runoff volumes were computed by 

summing the 1-minute-interval instantaneous discharge during 

the sampled storm. 

Sample collection was activated by a rise in water level 

in the pipe during a precipitation event. Once the water-level 

threshold was exceeded, typically a depth of 0.15 ft from 

the pipe floor, the volume of water passing the station was 

measured and accumulated at 1-minute increments until a 

volumetric threshold was reached. At that point, the sampler 

collected a discrete water sample and the volumetric counter was reset. The process was repeated until the water level 

receded below the threshold. The Teflon-lined intake nozzle of 

the sampler orifice was approximately 0.5 in. above the pipe 

floor. Subsamples, 1 L in volume, were transferred through the 

Teflon-lined sample tubing into a 10-L glass jar.

These flow-weighted samples were collected and composited into a single water sample, then split and processed 

for analysis. A Teflon churn splitter was used to composite and 

split samples into smaller, 1-L amber glass bottles for detection of PAH compounds. Processed samples were kept in a 

refrigerator at 4°C until delivered to the analytical laboratory, 

usually within 48 hours after runoff cessation. Because each 

discrete sample was composited into a single event sample, 

the resulting concentrations represent the event mean concentration (EMC). Samples were analyzed at the Wisconsin State 

Laboratory of Hygiene, in Madison.

Results

Table 2 lists individual PAH compounds for which 

samples were analyzed and the detection frequency for each 

source area or land use. The parking-lot source area was 

divided into lots that were or were not sealed with an asphalt 

or coal-tar-based sealant. A detection frequency of “none,” 

“intermittent,” or “common” indicates that concentrations 

in all, more than 50 percent, or fewer than 50 percent of the 

samples analyzed were below the detection limit for the corresponding PAH compound, respectively.

Of the 18 individual PAH compounds for which samples 

were analyzed, 6 were nearly always below the detection 

limit for all source areas monitored: acenaphthylene, dibenzo 

(A, H) anthracene, fluorene, 1-methylnaphthalene, 2-methylnaphthalene, and naphthalene. In most cases, individual PAH 

compounds that were never detected in runoff from the roof, 

the streets, or the mixed-use area were intermittently detected 

in runoff from parking lots. On average, chrysene, fluoranthene, and pyrene were the dominant PAH compounds in all 

urban stormwater samples (fig. 9). This finding is consistent 

with results from similar, previous studies that measured PAH 

concentrations in urban stormwater samples (Hoffman, 1985; 

Steuer and others, 1996,1997; Menzie and others, 2002; Stein 

and others, 2006 ).
Results 11

Table 2. Limits of detection and detection frequencies of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. 

[μg/L, micrograms per liter]

Polycyclic

 aromatic

hydrocarbon

Limit of 

detection 

(μg/L)

Detection frequency

Parking lots

Roof

Streets Mixed

Sealant No sealant Feeder Collector Arterial Strip mall

Acenaphthene 0.06 Intermittent Intermittent None None Intermittent Intermittent None

Acenaphthylene .11 None None None None None None None

Anthracene .03 Common Intermittent Intermittent Intermittent Intermittent Common None

Benzo (A) Anthracene .093 Common Common Common Intermittent Common Common Common

Benzo (A) Pyrene .160 Common Common Common Intermittent Common Common Common

Benzo (B) 

Fluoranthene .130 Common Common Common Intermittent Common Common Common

Benzo (G,H,I,) 

Perylene .140 Common Common Common Intermittent Common Common Common

Benzo (K) 

Fluoranthene .120 Common Common Intermittent Intermittent Common Common Common

Chrysene .027 Common Common Common Common Common Common Common

Dibenzo (A, H) 

Anthracene .03 Intermittent Intermittent None None None None None

Fluoranthene .110 Common Common Common Intermittent Common Common Common

Fluorene .52 None Intermittent None None None None None

Indeno (1.2.3-C,D) 

Pyrene .093 Common Common Common Intermittent Common Common Common

1-Methylnaphthalene .06 None None None None None None None

2-Methylnaphthalene .05 Intermittent None None None Intermittent None None

Naphthalene .04 None None None None Intermittent Intermittent None

Phenanthrene .093 Common Common Common Intermittent Common Common Common

Pyrene .110 Common Common Common Intermittent Common Common Common
Acenaphthene

Acenaphthylene

Anthracene

Benzo (A) Anthracene

Benzo (A) Pyrene

Benzo (B) Fluoranthene

Benzo (G,H,I,) Perylene

Chrysene

Dibenzo (A, H) 

Fluoranthene

Fluorene

Indeno (1.2.3-C,D) Pyrene

1-Methylnaphthalene

2-Methylnaphthalene

Naphthalene

Phenanthrene

Pyrene

PERCENT OF TOTAL PAH CONCENTRATION

Parking - no sealant 

Parking - no sealant 

Parking - sealant 

Parking - sealant 

Commercial roof

Commercial roof

Collector street

Collector street

Feeder street

Feeder street

Arterial street

Arterial street

Strip mall

Strip mall

60

50

40

30

20

10

0

Benzo (K) Fluoranthene

EXPLANATION

12 Concentrations of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Urban Stormwater, Madison, Wisconsin, 2005–08

Figure 9. Percent contribution of individual PAH compounds from source areas monitored in Madison, Wis. (2008).
Results 13

Table 3A. Summary statistics of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons for parking lots that have and have not been sealed.

[<, less than; —, not determined; μg/L, micrograms per liter; chemical nomenclature is that of the Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene]

Polycyclic aromatic

hydrocarbon

Number of

observations

Number

of

detections

Minimum

(μg/L)

Maximum

(μg/L)

Median

(μg/L)

Mean

(μg/L)

Standard

deviation

Coefficient 

of

variation

Parking lot—Sealed

Acenaphthene 14 6 <.064 0.17 <.064 0.09 0.04 0.41

Acenaphthylene 15 0 <0.11 <0.11 <0.11 — — —

Anthracene 13 12 0.05 0.35 0.25 0.22 0.10 0.45

Benzo (A) Anthracene 14 11 0.17 2.00 1.10 1.09 0.71 0.65

Benzo (A) Pyrene 13 13 0.66 6.10 3.60 3.21 1.86 0.58

Benzo (B) Fluoranthene 15 15 1.70 10.00 5.20 5.55 2.49 0.45

Benzo (G,H,I,) Perylene 15 15 1.20 7.40 4.10 4.19 1.87 0.44

Benzo (K) Fluoranthene 15 15 0.68 4.80 2.40 2.56 1.19 0.47

Chrysene 15 15 1.40 8.80 4.70 4.93 2.17 0.44

Dibenzo (A, H) 

Anthracene

15 1 <0.12 0.47 <0.12 — — —

Fluoranthene 15 15 3.70 25.00 13.00 13.81 6.17 0.45

Fluorene 15 0 <0.52 <0.52 <0.52 — — —

Indeno (1.2.3-C,D) 

Pyrene

15 15 1.10 6.20 3.80 3.75 1.60 0.43

1-Methylnaphthalene 15 0 <0.064 <0.064 <0.064 — — —

2-Methylnaphthalene 15 4 <0.049 0.11 <0.049 0.06 0.02 0.34

Naphthalene 15 0 <0.042 <0.042 <0.042 — — —

Phenanthrene 15 15 1.40 11.00 5.20 5.41 2.56 0.47

Pyrene 15 15 2.50 17.00 9.20 9.65 4.33 0.45

Total PAH 15 15 14.56 95.56 52.33 53.86 23.98 0.45

Table 3A continues on the next page.

Tables 3A through 3F detail summary statistics for 

individual and total PAH concentrations. Descriptive statistics 

for datasets with censored values (values reported as less than 

the laboratory’s limit of detection) were calculated by use of 

the nonparametric Kaplan-Meier method (Helsel, 2005). Total 

PAHs are the sum of individual, uncensored PAH compounds 

for each analyzed sample. Concentrations of PAH compounds 

for each sampled precipitation event are detailed in appendix 

tables 1–1 through 1–7.
14 Concentrations of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Urban Stormwater, Madison, Wisconsin, 2005–08

Table 3A. Summary statistics of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons for parking lots that have and have not been sealed.

[<, less than; —, not determined; μg/L, micrograms per liter; chemical nomenclature is that of the Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene]

Polycyclic aromatic

hydrocarbon

Number of

observations

Number

of

detections

Minimum

(μg/L)

Maximum

(μg/L)

Median

(μg/L)

Mean

(μg/L)

Standard

deviation

Coefficient 

of

variation

Parking lots—Not sealed

Acenaphthene 27 2 <0.064 0.30 <0.064 — — —

Acenaphthylene 27 0 <0.11 <0.11 <0.11 — — —

Anthracene 27 6 <0.031 1.30 <0.031 0.09 0.25 2.63

Benzo (A) Anthracene 27 16 <0.093 3.60 0.17 0.36 0.69 1.91

Benzo (A) Pyrene 27 22 <0.16 5.00 0.35 0.62 0.97 1.55

Benzo (B) Fluoranthene 27 25 <0.13 6.10 0.54 0.93 1.22 1.31

Benzo (G,H,I,) Perylene 27 26 <0.14 5.00 0.53 0.84 1.00 1.20

Benzo (K) Fluoranthene 27 19 <0.12 2.90 0.24 0.43 0.57 1.32

Chrysene 27 27 0.04 5.70 0.43 0.77 1.13 1.47

Dibenzo (A, H) 

Anthracene 27 1 <0.034 0.10 <0.034 — — —

Fluoranthene 27 26 <0.11 16.00 1.05 1.94 3.17 1.64

Fluorene 27 1 <0.52 0.65 <0.52 — — —

Indeno (1.2.3-C,D) 

Pyrene

27 26 <0.093 4.00 0.43 0.70 0.83 1.18

1-Methylnaphthalene 27 0 <0.064 <0.064 <0.064 — — —

2-Methylnaphthalene 27 0 <0.049 <0.049 <0.049 — — —

Naphthalene 27 0 <0.042 <0.042 <0.042 — — —

Phenanthrene 27 20 <0.093 8.70 0.31 0.80 1.68 2.10

Pyrene 27 26 <0.11 12.00 0.77 1.43 2.37 1.66

Total PAH 27 27 4.98 71.25 4.76 8.62 13.96 1.62

—Continued.
Results 15

Table 3B. Summary statistics of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons for residential feeder street.

[<, less than; —, not determined; μg/L, micrograms per liter; chemical nomenclature is that of the Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene]

Polycyclic aromatic

hydrocarbon

Number of

observations

Number

of

detections

Minimum

(μg/L)

Maximum

(μg/L)

Median

(μg/L)

Mean

(μg/L)

Standard

deviation

Coefficient 

of

variation

Acenaphthene 15 0 <0.064 <0.064 <0.064 — — —

Acenaphthylene 15 0 <0.11 <0.11 <0.11 — — —

Anthracene 15 1 <0.031 0.05 <0.031 — — —

Benzo (A) Anthracene 15 5 <0.093 0.58 <0.093 0.18 0.15 0.85

Benzo (A) Pyrene 15 5 <0.16 0.85 <0.16 0.29 0.23 0.78

Benzo (B) 

Fluoranthene

15 5 <0.13 1.30 <0.13 0.33 0.36 1.08

Benzo (G,H,I,) 

Perylene

14 5 <0.14 1.10 <0.14 0.33 0.32 0.96

Benzo (K) 

Fluoranthene

15 4 <0.12 0.40 <0.12 0.17 0.09 0.54

Chrysene 15 12 <0.027 1.00 0.06 0.23 0.32 1.38

Dibenzo (A, H) 

Anthracene 15 0 <0.034 <0.034 <0.034 — — —

Fluoranthene 13 6 <0.11 2.70 <0.11 0.64 0.83 1.31

Fluorene 15 0 <0.52 <0.52 <0.52 — — —

Indeno (1.2.3-C,D) 

Pyrene

15 4 <0.093 0.86 <0.093 0.21 0.24 1.11

1-Methylnaphthalene 15 0 <0.064 <0.064 <0.064 — — —

2-Methylnaphthalene 15 0 <0.049 <0.049 <0.049 — — —

Naphthalene 15 0 <0.042 <0.042 <0.042 — — —

Phenanthrene 15 5 <0.093 1.30 <0.093 0.31 0.38 1.26

Pyrene 13 5 <0.11 1.90 <0.11 0.50 0.61 1.22

Total PAH 15 15 0 11.13 0.05 2.16 3.86 1.79
16 Concentrations of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Urban Stormwater, Madison, Wisconsin, 2005–08

Table 3C. Summary statistics of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons for collector street.

[<, less than; —, not determined; μg/L, micrograms per liter; chemical nomenclature is that of the Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene]

Polycyclic aromatic

hydrocarbon

Number of

observations

Number

of

detections

Minimum

(μg/L)

Maximum

(μg/L)

Median

(μg/L)

Mean

(μg/L)

Standard

deviation

Coefficient 

of

variation

Acenaphthene 17 2 <0.064 0.22 <0.064 — — —

Acenaphthylene 17 0 <0.11 <0.11 <0.11 — — —

Anthracene 17 3 <0.031 0.42 <0.031 — — —

Benzo (A) Anthracene 17 11 <0.093 2.20 0.14 0.39 0.59 1.52

Benzo (A) Pyrene 17 11 <0.16 2.90 0.29 0.62 0.90 1.46

Benzo (B) Fluoranthene 17 12 <0.13 4.50 0.42 0.80 1.23 1.54

Benzo (G,H,I,) Perylene 17 12 <0.14 3.60 0.36 0.66 0.95 1.44

Benzo (K) Fluoranthene 17 9 <0.12 2.10 0.20 0.37 0.53 1.45

Chrysene 17 16 <0.027 3.70 0.39 0.66 1.03 1.56

Dibenzo (A, H) 

Anthracene

17 0 <0.034 <0.034 <0.034 — — —

Fluoranthene 17 16 <0.11 9.60 0.93 1.72 2.80 1.63

Fluorene 17 0 <0.52 <0.52 <0.52 — — —

Indeno (1.2.3-C,D) 

Pyrene

17 13 <0.093 2.90 0.31 0.59 0.87 1.47

1-Methylnaphthalene 17 0 <0.064 <0.064 <0.064 — — —

2-Methylnaphthalene 17 2 <0.049 0.12 <0.049 — — —

Naphthalene 17 1 <0.042 0.06 <0.042 — — —

Phenanthrene 17 12 <0.093 4.50 0.33 0.78 1.37 1.75

Pyrene 17 15 <0.11 7.10 0.69 1.25 2.03 1.62

Total PAH 15 15 0 42.92 1.83 5.74 12.47 2.17
Results 17

Table 3D. Summary statistics of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons for arterial street. 

[<, less than; —, not determined; μg/L, micrograms per liter; chemical nomenclature is that of the Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene] 

Polycyclic aromatic

hydrocarbon

Number of

observations

Number of

detections

Minimum

(μg/L)

Maximum

(μg/L)

Median

(μg/L)

Mean

(μg/L)

Standard

deviation

Coefficient 

of

variation

Acenaphthene 11 2 <0.064 0.16 <0.064 — — —

Acenaphthylene 11 0 <0.11 <0.11 <0.11 — — —

Anthracene 11 7 <0.031 0.56 0.05 0.15 0.19 1.27

Benzo (A) Anthracene 11 9 <0.093 4.00 0.25 0.94 1.35 1.43

Benzo (A) Pyrene 10 10 0.17 6.80 0.52 1.80 2.34 1.30

Benzo (B) Fluoranthene 11 11 0.24 12.00 0.67 2.64 3.82 1.45

Benzo (G,H,I,) Perylene 11 11 0.27 7.70 0.56 2.00 2.59 1.30

Benzo (K) Fluoranthene 11 10 <0.12 4.80 0.30 1.15 1.59 1.39

Chrysene 11 11 0.20 9.10 0.54 2.10 2.97 1.42

Dibenzo (A, H) 

Anthracene

11 0 <0.06 <0.06 <0.06 — — —

Fluoranthene 11 11 0.49 22.00 1.20 4.83 7.07 1.47

Fluorene 11 0 <0.52 <0.52 <0.52 — — —

Indeno (1.2.3-C,D) 

Pyrene 11 11 0.23 7.30 0.51 1.84 2.46 1.34

1-Methylnaphthalene 11 0 <0.064 <0.064 <0.064 — — —

2-Methylnaphthalene 11 0 <0.049 <0.049 <0.049 — — —

Naphthalene 11 2 <0.042 0.05 <0.042 — — —

Phenanthrene 11 11 0.12 8.50 0.41 1.74 2.72 1.56

Pyrene 11 11 0.33 16.00 0.87 3.51 5.17 1.48

Total PAH 11 11 2.05 98.96 5.72 22.52 32.27 1.43
18 Concentrations of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Urban Stormwater, Madison, Wisconsin, 2005–08

Table 3E. Summary statistics of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons for commercial roof. 

[<, less than; —, not determined; μg/L, micrograms per liter; chemical nomenclature is that of the Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene] 

Polycyclic aromatic

hydrocarbon

Number of

observations

Number of

detections

Minimum

(μg/L)

Maximum

(μg/L)

Median

(μg/L)

Mean

(μg/L)

Standard

deviation

Coefficient 

of

variation

Acenaphthene 9 0 <0.064 <0.064 <0.064 — — —

Acenaphthylene 9 0 <0.11 <0.11 <0.11 — — —

Anthracene 9 1 <0.031 0.09 <0.031 — — —

Benzo (A) Anthracene 9 5 <0.093 0.58 0.10 0.16 0.16 0.99

Benzo (A) Pyrene 9 8 0.18 0.99 0.21 0.30 0.26 0.88

Benzo (B) Fluoranthene 9 8 0.20 1.30 0.24 0.36 0.36 0.99

Benzo (G,H,I,) Perylene 9 8 0.17 1.10 0.24 0.33 0.30 0.90

Benzo (K) Fluoranthene 9 2 <0.12 0.62 <0.12 — — —

Chrysene 9 8 0.15 1.10 0.19 0.29 0.31 1.09

Dibenzo (A, H) 

Anthracene

9 0 <0.06 <0.06 <0.06 — — —

Fluoranthene 9 9 0.12 2.90 0.53 0.76 0.82 1.08

Fluorene 9 0 <0.52 <0.52 <0.52 — — —

Indeno (1.2.3-C,D) 

Pyrene

9 7 0.17 1.00 0.21 0.29 0.28 0.97

1-Methylnaphthalene 9 0 <0.064 <0.064 <0.064 <0.064 — —

2-Methylnaphthalene 9 0 <0.049 <0.049 <0.049 <0.049 — —

Naphthalene 9 0 <0.042 <0.042 <0.042 <0.042 — —

Phenanthrene 9 8 0.15 1.60 0.28 0.39 0.46 1.16

Pyrene 9 8 0.31 2.30 0.42 0.60 0.65 1.08

Total PAH 9 9 0.12 13.58 2.40 3.44 3.92 1.14
Results 19

Table 3F. Summary statistics of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons for the mixed-use area (strip mall). 

[<, less than; —, not determined; μg/L, micrograms per liter; chemical nomenclature is that of the Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene]

Polycyclic aromatic

hydrocarbon

Number of

observations

Number of

detections

Minimum

(μg/L)

Maximum

(μg/L)

Median

(μg/L)

Mean

(μg/L)

Standard

deviation

Coefficient 

of

variation

Acenaphthene 19 0 <0.064 <0.064 <0.064 — — —

Acenaphthylene 19 0 <0.11 <0.11 <0.11 — — —

Anthracene 19 0 <0.031 <0.031 <0.031 — — —

Benzo (A) Anthracene 19 19 0.09 0.47 0.15 0.22 0.14 0.64

Benzo (A) Pyrene 19 15 <0.16 1.20 0.32 0.46 0.33 0.72

Benzo (B) Fluoranthene 19 18 <0.13 1.70 0.60 0.74 0.53 0.72

Benzo (G,H,I,) Perylene 19 17 <0.14 1.70 0.56 0.69 0.48 0.70

Benzo (K) Fluoranthene 19 13 <0.12 0.53 0.21 0.26 0.16 0.60

Chrysene 19 19 0.04 1.40 0.52 0.59 0.42 0.71

Dibenzo (A, H) 

Anthracene

19 0 <0.034 <0.034 <0.034 — — —

Fluoranthene 19 18 <0.11 3.70 1.20 1.42 1.12 0.79

Fluorene 19 0 <0.52 <0.52 <0.52 — — —

Indeno (1.2.3-C,D) 

Pyrene

19 18 <0.095 1.50 0.55 0.65 0.45 0.69

1-Methylnaphthalene 19 0 <0.064 <0.064 <0.064 — — —

2-Methylnaphthalene 19 0 <0.049 <0.049 <0.049 — — —

Naphthalene 19 0 <0.042 <0.042 <0.042 — — —

Phenanthrene 19 13 <0.093 1.20 0.36 0.42 0.33 0.79

Pyrene 19 17 <0.11 2.20 0.82 0.92 0.74 0.80

Total PAH 19 19 0.14 14.77 5.72 6.21 4.75 0.76
0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

Anthracene

Benzo (A) Anthracene

Benzo (A) Pyrene

Benzo (B) Fluoranthene

Benzo (G,H,I,) Perylene

Benzo (K) Fluoranthene

Chrysene

Fluoranthene

Indeno (1.2.3-C,D) Pyrene

Phenanthrene

Pyrene

Total PAH

CONCENTRATION, IN MICROGRAMS PER LITER

Madison, Wis., 2008 (not sealed)

Madison, Wis., 2008 (sealed)

Marquette, Mich. (sealed)

EXPLANATION

20 Concentrations of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Urban Stormwater, Madison, Wisconsin, 2005–08

Figure 10A. Geometric mean concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from parking lots in Madison, Wis., 

and Marquette, Mich.

Figures 10A through 10F compare geometric mean concentrations of select PAH compounds from this study to those 

from similar studies done in Marquette, Mich., and Madison, 

Wis. (Steuer and others, 1997) in 1993 and 1994, respectively. 

Source areas monitored as part of the Madison, Wis., study 

in 1994 included only feeder, collector, and arterial streets. In 

contrast to this study, Waschbusch and Steuer collected urban 

runoff with source-area-specific water-quality samplers rather 

than autosamplers placed at the basin outfall. Descriptions of 

each source-area sampler are detailed in Waschbusch (1999). 

In general, the pattern of individual PAH compound concentrations were similar between studies for all source areas 

monitored. PAH concentrations for feeder-street runoff were 

similar in both Madison studies but tended to be lower in Marquette, Mich. (fig. 10C). Conversely, collector-street runoff 

had similar PAH concentrations for both Madison studies, but 

concentrations were higher in the Marquette runoff (fig. 10D). 

PAH concentrations for arterial street runoff were similar for 

all three studies (fig. 10E).
0.0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

Anthracene

Benzo (A) Anthracene

Benzo (A) Pyrene

Benzo (B) Fluoranthene

Benzo (G,H,I,) Perylene

Chrysene

Fluoranthene

Indeno (1.2.3-C, D) Pyrene

Phenanthrene

Pyrene

Madison, Wis. (2008)

Marquette, Mich.

CONCENTRATION, IN MICROGRAMS PER LITER

Benzo (K) Fluoranthene

EXPLANATION

Results 21

Figure 10B. Geometric mean concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from commercial roofs in Madison, Wis., 

and Marquette, Mich.

Geometric mean concentrations for most individual PAH 

compounds were significantly greater for parking lots that 

were sealed than for those that were not sealed. Runoff from 

both of the coal-tar sealed parking lots that were monitored in 

Marquette, Mich., and Madison, Wis., had similar geometric 

mean concentrations despite the distance between locations 

and length of time between studies. These results are consistent with a similar study that examined PAH concentrations 

from coal-tar-sealed parking lots in Austin, Tex. (Van Metre 

and others, 2005). 
0.0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

1.0

Anthracene

Benzo (A) Anthracene

Benzo (A) Pyrene

Benzo (B) Fluoranthene

Benzo (G,H,I,) Perylene

Chrysene

Fluoranthene

Indeno (1.2.3-C, D) Pyrene

Phenanthrene

Pyrene

Marquette, Mich.

Madison, Wis. (1994)

Madison, Wis. (2008)

CONCENTRATION, IN MICROGRAMS PER LITER

Benzo (K) Fluoranthene

EXPLANATION

22 Concentrations of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Urban Stormwater, Madison, Wisconsin, 2005–08

Figure 10C. Geometric mean concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from feeder streets in 

Madison, Wis., and Marquette, Mich.
0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

Anthracene

Benzo (A) Anthracene

Benzo (A) Pyrene

Benzo (B) Fluoranthene

Benzo (G,H,I,) Perylene

Chrysene

Fluoranthene

Indeno (1.2.3-C, D) Pyrene

Phenanthrene

Pyrene

Madison, Wis. (2008)

Madison, Wis. (1994)

Marquette, Mich.

CONCENTRATION, IN MICROGRAMS PER LITER

Benzo (K) Fluoranthene

EXPLANATION

Results 23

Figure 10D. Geometric mean concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from collector streets in 

Madison, Wis., and Marquette, Mich.
0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5

Anthracene

Benzo (A) Anthracene

Benzo (A) Pyrene

Benzo (B) Fluoranthene

Benzo (G,H,I,) Perylene

Chrysene

Fluoranthene

Indeno (1.2.3-C, D) Pyrene

Phenanthrene

Pyrene

Madison, Wis. (2008)

Madison, Wis. (1994)

Marquette, Mich.

CONCENTRATION, IN MICROGRAMS PER LITER

Benzo (K) Fluoranthene

EXPLANATION

24 Concentrations of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Urban Stormwater, Madison, Wisconsin, 2005–08

Figure 10E. Geometric mean concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from arterial streets in 

Madison, Wis., and Marquette, Mich.
0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

Parking lotsealed Parking lotnot sealed Commercial

roof Feeder street

Collector

street Arterial street

Madison, Wis. (2008)

Madison, Wis. (1994)

Marquette, Mich

CONCENTRATION, IN MICROGRAMS PER LITER

EXPLANATION

Results 25

Figure 10F. Geometric mean concentrations of total polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from source areas monitored in 

Madison, Wis., and Marquette, Mich.
0

10

20

30

40

50

60

PARKING LOT - SEALED

PARKING LOT -

 NOT SEALED

COMMERCIAL

ROOF

FEEDER

STREET

COLLECTOR

STREET

ARTERIAL

STREET

MIXED USE

CONCENTRATION, IN MICROGRAMS PER LITER

26 Concentrations of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Urban Stormwater, Madison, Wisconsin, 2005–08

Figure 11 shows the mean total PAH concentrations for 

the Madison, Wis., 2008 study. Runoff from the sealed parking 

lot had the largest concentration, followed by runoff from the 

unsealed parking lots, the arterial street, the mixed-use area 

(strip mall), the collector street, the commercial roof, and 

finally, the feeder street. Similar to the Madison 2008 study, 

geometric mean total PAH concentrations in the Marquette 

study were greatest for sealed parking lots followed by those 

for arterial, collector, and feeder streets (fig. 10F). Runoff 

from commercial roofs had the lowest total PAH geometric 

mean concentrations (fig. 10F). 

References

Helsel, D.R., 2005, Nondetects and data analysis—Statistics 

for censored environmental data: Hoboken, N.J., John Wiley 

and Sons, 250 p.

Hoffman, E.J., 1985, Urban runoff pollutant inputs to Narragansett Bay—Comparison to point sources, in Proceedings from the Conference on Perspectives on Nonpoint 

Source Pollution: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 

EPA 440/5–85–001, p. 159–164.

Figure 11. Mean concentration of total polycyclic aromatic 

hydrocarbons from source areas monitored in Madison, Wis. 

(2008).

Prepared by the Wisconsin Water Science Center:

U.S. Geological Survey

Wisconsin Water Science Center

8505 Research Way

Middleton, WI 53562

tel: (608) 828-9901

fax: (608) 821-3817

This publication is available online at URL

http://pubs.usgs.gov/ofr/2009/1077

Information regarding the Wisconsin Water Science Center is 

available at URL: http://wi.water.usgs.gov

Information regarding the Wisconsin Water Science Center’s Lakes 

Team is available at URL: http://wi.water.usgs.gov/lakes

Menzie, C.A., Hoeppner, S.S., Cura, J.J., Freshman, J.S., and 

LaFrey, E.N., 2002, Urban and suburban storm water runoff 

as a source of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) to 

Massachusetts estuarine and coastal environments: Estuaries, v. 25, no. 2, p. 165–176.

Stein, E.D., Tiefenthaler, L.L., and Schiff, K., 2006, Watershed-based sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in 

urban storm water: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 25, no. 2, p. 373–385.

Steuer, J.J., Selbig, W.R., and Hornewer, N.J., 1996, Contaminant concentration in stormwater from eight Lake Superior 

basin cities, 1993–94, U.S. Geological Survey Open-File 

Report 96–122, 16 p.

Steuer, J.J., Selbig, W.R., Hornewer, N.J., and Prey, Jeffrey, 

1997, Sources of contamination in an urban basin in Marquette, Michigan and an analysis of concentrations, loads, 

and data quality: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources 

Investigations Report 97–4242, 25 p.

Van Metre, P.C.; Mahler, B.J.; Scoggins, Mateo; and Hamilton, P.A., 2005, Parking lot sealcoat—A major source of 

polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in urban and 

suburban environments: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 

2005–3147, 4 p.

Waschbusch, R.J., Selbig, W.R., and Bannerman, R.T., 1999, 

Sources of phosphorus in stormwater and street dirt from 

two urban residential basins in Madison, Wisconsin, 1994–

95, U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations 

Report 99–4021, 47 p. 
Appendix Tables 1–1 – 1–7

1–1. Concentrations of PAH compounds and total PAH summation for parking lots

1 and 2...........................................................................................................................................28

1–2. Concentrations of PAH compounds and total PAH summation for parking lot 3..................32

1–3. Concentrations of PAH compounds and total PAH summation for feeder street. ................35

1–4. Concentrations of PAH compounds and total PAH summation for collector street. ............37

1–5. Concentrations of PAH compounds and total PAH summation for arterial street. ...............40

1–6. Concentrations of PAH compounds and total PAH summation for commercial roof. ..........42

1–7. Concentrations of PAH compounds and total PAH summation for a mixeduse area (strip mall)....................................................................................................................44
Table 1–1. Concentrations of PAH compounds and total PAH summation for parking lots 1 and 2. [<, less than; all values expressed as micrograms per liter; chemical nomenclature is that of the Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene] Sample ID Date Acenaph- thene Acenaph- thylene Anthracene Benzo (A) Anthracene Benzo (A) Pyrene Benzo (B) Fluoran- thene Benzo (G,H,I,) Perylene Benzo (K) Fluoran- thene 

PARKING LOT 1 - 1 09/10/2006 <.064 <.11 <.031 <.093 <.16 <.13 <.14 <.12 PARKING LOT 1 - 2 10/10/2006 <.064 <.11 <.031 <.093 <.16 0.19 0.21 <.12 PARKING LOT 1 - 3 10/16/2006 0.20 <.11 <.031 <.093 0.22 0.29 0.32 <.12 PARKING LOT 1 - 4 10/21/2006 <.064 <.11 <.031 <.093 0.26 0.36 0.38 0.16 PARKING LOT 1 - 5 04/02/2007 <.064 <.11 0.19 0.75 1.20 1.80 1.60 0.81 PARKING LOT 1 - 6 04/24/2007 <.064 <.11 <.031 0.22 0.40 0.67 0.59 0.30 PARKING LOT 1 - 7 04/25/2007 <.064 <.11 0.05 0.31 0.57 0.98 0.85 0.45 PARKING LOT 1 - 8 05/24/2007 <.064 <.11 <0.040 0.31 0.67 1.30 1.10 0.56 PARKING LOT 1 - 9 06/18/2007 <.064 <.11 <.031 <.093 0.26 0.44 0.43 0.18 PARKING LOT 1 - 10 07/26/2007 <.064 <.11 <.031 0.25 0.37 1.30 1.10 0.51 PARKING LOT 1 - 11 08/04/2007 <.064 <.11 <.031 <.093 <.16 0.14 0.16 <.12 PARKING LOT 1 - 12 08/06/2007 <.064 <.11 <.031 <.093 <.16 <.13 0.14 <.12 PARKING 

LOT 1 - 13

08/15/2007 <.064 <.11 <.031 <.093 <.16 0.21 0.23 <.12 
Table 1–1. Concentrations of PAH compounds and total PAH summation for parking lots 1 and 2—Continued.[<, less than; all values expressed as micrograms per liter; chemical nomenclature is that of the Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene]

Sample ID Date Fluoran- thene Fluorene Indeno (1.2.3-C,D) Pyrene 1-Methyl- naphthalene 2-Methyl- naphthalene Naphthalene Phenan- threne Pyrene 

PARKING 

LOT 1 - 1

09/10/2006 <.11 <.52 <.093 <.064 <.049 <.042 <.093 <.11 

PARKING 

LOT 1 - 2

10/10/2006 0.27 <.52 0.15 <.064 <.049 <.042 <.093 0.20 

PARKING 

LOT 1 - 3

10/16/2006 0.42 <.52 0.25 <.064 <.049 <.042 0.21 0.32 

PARKING 

LOT 1 - 4

10/21/2006 0.52 <.52 0.28 <.064 <.049 <.042 0.14 0.40 

PARKING 

LOT 1 - 5

04/02/2007 3.60 <.52 1.40 <.064 <.049 <.042 1.80 2.70 

PARKING 

LOT 1 - 6

04/24/2007 1.40 <.52 0.44 <.064 <.049 <.042 0.37 0.94 

PARKING 

LOT 1 - 7

04/25/2007 1.90 <.52 0.64 <.064 <.049 <.042 0.71 1.40 

PARKING 

LOT 1 - 8

05/24/2007 2.20 <.52 0.93 <.064 <.049 <.042 0.81 1.50 

PARKING 

LOT 1 - 9

06/18/2007 0.60 <.52 0.33 <.064 <.049 <.042 0.18 0.42 

PARKING 

LOT 1 - 10

07/26/2007 1.70 <.52 0.91 <.064 <.049 <.042 0.57 1.30 

PARKING 

LOT 1 - 11

08/04/2007 0.18 <.52 0.15 <.064 <.049 <.042 <.093 0.13 

PARKING 

LOT 1 - 12

08/06/2007 0.16 <.52 0.12 <.064 <.049 <.042 <.093 0.12 

PARKING 

LOT 1 - 13

08/15/2007 0.25 <.52 0.18 <.064 <.049 <.042 <.093 0.20 
Table 1–1. Concentrations of PAH compounds and total PAH summation for parking lots 1 and 2—Continued. [<, less than; all values expressed as micrograms per liter; chemical nomenclature is that of the Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene] Sample ID Date Acenaph- thene Acenaph- thylene Anthracene Benzo (A) Anthracene Benzo (A) Pyrene Benzo (B) Fluoran- thene Benzo (G,H,I,) Perylene Benzo (K) Fluoran- thene 

PARKING LOT 1 - 14 08/18/2007 <.064 <.11 <.031 0.25 0.50 0.83 0.80 0.37 PARKING LOT 1 - 15 09/21/2007 <.064 <.11 <.031 0.18 0.36 0.64 0.67 0.28 PARKING LOT 2 - 1 08/23/2006 0.30 <.11 1.30 3.60 5.00 6.10 5.00 2.90 PARKING LOT 2 - 2 09/10/2006 <.064 <.11 <.031 <.093 0.16 0.22 0.23 <.12 PARKING LOT 2 - 3 10/04/2006 <.064 <.11 0.05 0.33 1.00 1.70 1.30 0.77 PARKING LOT 2 - 4 10/16/2006 <.064 <.11 <.031 <.093 0.16 0.17 0.18 <.12 PARKING LOT 2 - 5 03/10/2007 <.064 <.11 <.031 0.17 0.45 0.69 0.60 0.31 PARKING LOT 2 - 6 03/11/2007 <.064 <.11 <.031 0.16 0.35 0.53 0.46 0.24 PARKING LOT 2 - 7 03/12/2007 <.064 <.11 <.031 0.17 0.34 0.54 0.46 0.23 PARKING LOT 2 - 8 03/13/2007 <.064 <.11 <.031 0.24 0.47 0.81 0.68 0.33 PARKING LOT 2 - 9 03/31/2007 <.064 <.11 0.19 1.20 2.00 2.90 2.50 1.40 PARKING LOT 2 - 10 04/03/2007 <.064 <.11 0.07 0.48 0.82 1.20 1.00 0.54 PARKING 

LOT 2 - 11

04/24/2007 <.064 <.11 <.031 <.093 0.18 0.41 0.35 0.17 

PARKING 

LOT 2 - 12

05/24/2007 <.064 <.11 <.031 0.11 0.25 0.44 0.41 0.20 
Table 1–1. Concentrations of PAH compounds and total PAH summation for parking lots 1 and 2—Continued.[<, less than; all values expressed as micrograms per liter; chemical nomenclature is that of the Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene]

Sample ID Date Fluoran- thene Fluorene Indeno (1.2.3-C,D) Pyrene 1-Methyl- naphthalene 2-Methyl- naphthalene Naphthalene Phenan- threne Pyrene 

PARKING 

LOT 1 - 14

08/18/2007 1.10 <.52 0.65 <.064 <.049 <.042 0.36 0.88 

PARKING 

LOT 1 - 15

09/21/2007 0.88 <.52 0.52 <.064 <.049 <.042 0.31 0.68 

PARKING 

LOT 2 - 1

08/23/2006 16.00 0.65 4.00 <.064 <.049 <.042 8.70 12.00 

PARKING 

LOT 2 - 2

09/10/2006 0.29 <.52 0.18 <.064 <.049 <.042 <.093 0.22 

PARKING 

LOT 2 - 3

10/04/2006 3.50 <.52 1.30 <.064 <.049 <.042 1.20 2.60 

PARKING 

LOT 2 - 4

10/16/2006 0.24 <.52 0.13 <.064 <.049 <.042 <.093 0.22 

PARKING 

LOT 2 - 5

03/10/2007 1.40 <.52 0.54 <.064 <.049 <.042 0.39 1.00 

PARKING 

LOT 2 - 6

03/11/2007 1.00 <.52 0.41 <.064 <.049 <.042 0.24 0.75 

PARKING 

LOT 2 - 7

03/12/2007 1.10 <.52 0.39 <.064 <.049 <.042 0.32 0.78 

PARKING 

LOT 2 - 8

03/13/2007 1.60 <.52 0.61 <.064 <.049 <.042 0.45 1.20 

PARKING 

LOT 2 - 9

03/31/2007 6.10 <.52 2.20 <.064 <.049 <.042 2.50 4.50 

PARKING 

LOT 2 - 10

04/03/2007 2.50 <.52 0.93 <.064 <.049 <.042 1.20 1.80 

PARKING 

LOT 2 - 11

04/24/2007 0.65 <.52 0.28 <.064 <.049 <.042 0.20 0.43 

PARKING 

LOT 2 - 12

05/24/2007 0.77 <.52 0.32 <.064 <.049 <.042 0.31 0.54 
Table 1–2. Concentrations of PAH compounds and total PAH summation for parking lot 3. [<, less than; —, data not available; all values expressed as micrograms per liter; chemical nomenclature is that of the Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene] Sample ID Date Acenaph- thene Acenaph- thylene Anthracene Benzo (A) Anthracene Benzo (A) Pyrene Benzo (B) Fluoran- thene Benzo (G,H,I,) Perylene Benzo (K) Fluoran- thene 

PARKING LOT 3 - 1 04/29/2006 0.08 <.11 0.25 1.20 2.80 5.20 4.00 2.40 PARKING LOT 3 - 2 05/11/2006 <.064 <.11 0.05 0.17 0.66 1.70 1.20 0.68 PARKING LOT 3 - 3 06/10/2006 <.064 <.11 0.19 <.59 — 4.00 3.00 1.70 PARKING LOT 3 - 4 06/25/2006 0.16 <.11 — <1.0 1.90 5.20 4.10 2.30 PARKING LOT 3 - 5 07/11/2006 <.064 <.11 0.14 <.57 0.78 3.40 2.60 1.50 PARKING LOT 3 - 6 07/20/2006 0.09 <.11 — 1.90 — 7.50 5.70 3.60 PARKING LOT 3 - 7 07/27/2006 0.09 <.11 0.30 2.00 3.80 5.80 4.80 2.70 PARKING LOT 3 - 8 08/23/2006 <.064 <.11 0.30 1.80 5.50 8.10 6.30 3.70 PARKING LOT 3 - 9 08/24/2006 <.064 <.11 0.24 1.50 3.90 5.40 4.30 2.50 PARKING LOT 3 - 10 08/25/2006 <.064 <.11 0.29 1.70 3.60 4.80 3.80 2.20 PARKING LOT 3 - 11 04/23/2007 — <.11 0.35 1.70 5.70 9.80 7.10 4.60 PARKING LOT 3 - 12 04/24/2007 <.064 <.11 0.06 0.34 0.84 2.10 1.40 1.10 
Table 1–2. Concentrations of PAH compounds and total PAH summation for parking lot 3—Continued.[<, less than; —, data not available; all values expressed as micrograms per liter; chemical nomenclature is that of the Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene]

Sample ID Date Fluoran- thene Fluorene Indeno (1.2.3-C,D) Pyrene 1-Methyl- naphthalene 2-Methyl- naphthalene Naphthalene Phenan- threne Pyrene 

PARKING 

LOT 3 - 1

04/29/2006 13.00 <.52 3.80 <.064 <.049 <.042 5.80 9.20 

PARKING 

LOT 3 - 2

05/11/2006 3.70 <.52 1.10 <.064 <.049 <.042 1.40 2.50 

PARKING 

LOT 3 - 3

06/10/2006 11.00 <.52 2.80 <.064 <.049 <.042 4.10 7.10 

PARKING 

LOT 3 - 4

06/25/2006 15.00 <.52 3.80 <.064 <.049 <.042 7.30 10.00 

PARKING 

LOT 3 - 5

07/11/2006 8.90 <.52 2.40 <.064 <.049 <.042 3.20 5.90 

PARKING 

LOT 3 - 6

07/20/2006 19.00 <.52 5.30 <.064 <.049 <.042 7.20 14.00 

PARKING 

LOT 3 - 7

07/27/2006 13.00 <.52 4.30 <.064 <.049 <.042 5.20 10.00 

PARKING 

LOT 3 - 8

08/23/2006 18.00 <.52 5.90 <.064 <.049 <.042 6.30 13.00 

PARKING 

LOT 3 - 9

08/24/2006 12.00 <.52 4.10 <.064 <.049 <.042 4.20 9.00 

PARKING 

LOT 3 - 10

08/25/2006 11.00 <.52 3.50 <.064 <.049 <.042 4.00 8.70 

PARKING 

LOT 3 - 11

04/23/2007 24.00 <.52 5.80 <.064 0.11 <.042 11.00 17.00 

PARKING 

LOT 3 - 12

04/24/2007 4.50 <.52 1.20 <.064 <.049 <.042 1.90 3.10 
Table 1–2. Concentrations of PAH compounds and total PAH summation for parking lot 3—Continued. [<, less than; —, data not available; all values expressed as micrograms per liter; chemical nomenclature is that of the Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene] Sample ID Date Acenaph- thene Acenaph- thylene Anthracene Benzo (A) Anthracene Benzo (A) Pyrene Benzo (B) Fluoran- thene Benzo (G,H,I,) Perylene Benzo (K) Fluoran- thene 

PARKING LOT 3 - 13 05/15/2007 0.17 <.11 0.25 1.10 3.70 6.40 4.40 2.80 PARKING LOT 3 - 14 05/24/2007 <.064 <.11 <.28 — 6.10 10.00 7.40 4.80 PARKING LOT 3 - 15 07/03/2007 0.11 <.11 0.25 0.97 2.40 3.80 2.80 1.80 

Table 1–2. Concentrations of PAH compounds and total PAH summation for parking lot 3—Continued. [<, less than; —, data not available; all values expressed as micrograms per liter; chemical nomenclature is that of the Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene] Sample ID Date Fluoran- thene Fluorene Indeno (1.2.3-C,D) Pyrene 1-Methyl- naphthalene 2-Methyl- naphthalene Naphthalene Phenan- threne Pyrene 

PARKING LOT 3 - 13 05/15/2007 18.00 <.52 3.60 <.064 0.09 <.042 6.60 11.00 PARKING LOT 3 - 14 05/24/2007 25.00 <.52 6.20 <.064 0.09 <.042 8.80 17.00 PARKING LOT 3 - 15 07/03/2007 11.00 <.52 2.40 <.064 0.09 <.042 4.10 7.30 
Table 1–3. Concentrations of PAH compounds and total PAH summation for feeder street.[<, less than; —, data not available; all values expressed as micrograms per liter; chemical nomenclature is that of the Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene]

Sample ID Date Acenaph- thene Acenaph- thylene Anthracene Benzo (A) Anthracene Benzo (A) Pyrene Benzo (B) Fluoran- thene Benzo (G,H,I,) Perylene Benzo (K) Fluoran- thene 

FEEDER - 1 08/14/2007 <.064 <.11 <.031 <.093 <.16 <.13 <.14 <.12 FEEDER - 2 08/18/2007 <.064 <.11 <.031 <.093 <.16 <.13 <.14 <.12 FEEDER - 3 09/06/2007 <.064 <.11 <.031 <.093 <.16 <.13 <.14 <.12 FEEDER - 4 09/21/2007 <.064 <.11 <.031 <.093 <.16 <.13 — <.12 FEEDER - 5 09/25/2007 <.064 <.11 <.031 <.093 <.16 <.13 <.14 <.12 FEEDER - 6 10/02/2007 <.064 <.11 <.031 <.093 <.16 <.13 <.14 <.12 FEEDER - 7 10/15/2007 <.064 <.11 <.031 <.093 <.16 <.13 <.14 <.12 FEEDER - 8 10/17/2007 <.064 <.11 <.031 <.093 <.16 <.13 <.14 <.12 FEEDER - 9 04/10/2008 <.064 <.11 0.05 0.30 0.50 0.65 0.57 0.32 FEEDER - 10 04/24/2008 <.064 <.11 <.15 0.58 0.85 1.30 1.10 0.40 FEEDER - 11 05/02/2008 <.064 <.11 <.045 0.28 0.45 0.65 0.59 0.24 FEEDER - 12 05/06/2008 <.064 <.11 <.031 <.093 <.16 <.13 <.14 <.12 FEEDER - 13 05/29/2008 <.064 <.11 <.031 <.093 <.16 <.13 <.14 <.12 FEEDER - 14 06/05/2008 <.064 <.11 <.031 0.40 0.70 0.80 0.82 0.24 FEEDER - 15 06/12/2008 <.064 <.11 <.031 0.14 0.25 0.27 0.25 <.12 
Table 1–3. Concentrations of PAH compounds and total PAH summation for feeder street—Continued. [<, less than; —, data not available; all values expressed as micrograms per liter; chemical nomenclature is that of the Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene] Sample ID Date Fluoran- thene Fluorene Indeno (1.2.3-C,D) Pyrene 1-Methyl- naphthalene 2-Methyl- naphthalene Naphthalene Phenan- threne Pyrene 

FEEDER - 1 08/14/2007 <.11 <.52 <.093 <.1 <.049 <.042 <.093 <.11 FEEDER - 2 08/18/2007 <.11 <.52 <.093 <.1 <.049 <.042 <.093 <.11 FEEDER - 3 09/06/2007 — <.52 <.093 <.1 <.049 <.042 <.093 — FEEDER - 4 09/21/2007 — <.52 <.14 <.1 <.049 <.042 <.093 — FEEDER - 5 09/25/2007 <.11 <.52 <.093 <.1 <.049 <.042 <.093 <.11 FEEDER - 6 10/02/2007 <.11 <.52 <.093 <.1 <.049 <.042 <.093 <.11 FEEDER - 7 10/15/2007 <.11 <.52 <.093 <.1 <.049 <.042 <.093 <.11 FEEDER - 8 10/17/2007 <.11 <.52 <.093 <.1 <.049 <.042 <.093 <.11 FEEDER - 9 04/10/2008 1.40 <.52 0.47 <.064 <.049 <.042 0.62 1.00 FEEDER - 10 04/24/2008 2.70 <.52 <1.2 <.064 <.049 <.042 1.30 1.90 FEEDER - 11 05/02/2008 1.20 <.52 0.56 <.064 <.049 <.042 0.51 0.91 FEEDER - 12 05/06/2008 <.11 <.52 <.093 <.064 <.049 <.042 <.093 <.11 FEEDER - 13 05/29/2008 0.12 <.52 <.15 <.064 <.049 <.042 <.093 <.11 FEEDER - 14 06/05/2008 1.60 <.52 0.86 <.064 <.049 <.042 0.99 1.40 FEEDER - 15 06/12/2008 0.46 <.52 0.26 <.064 <.049 <.042 0.22 0.39 
Table 1–4. Concentrations of PAH compounds and total PAH summation for collector street.[<, less than; —, data not available; all values expressed as micrograms per liter; chemical nomenclature is that of the Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene]

Sample ID Date Acenaph- thene Acenaph- thylene Anthracene Benzo (A) Anthracene Benzo (A) Pyrene Benzo (B) Fluoran- thene Benzo (G,H,I,) Perylene Benzo (K) Fluoran- thene 

COLLECTOR - 1 07/26/2007 <.064 <.11 <.031 <.093 <.16 <.13 <.14 <.12 COLLECTOR - 2 08/04/2007 <.064 <.11 <.031 <.093 <.16 <.13 <.14 <.12 COLLECTOR - 3 08/14/2007 <.064 <.11 <.031 0.21 0.31 0.43 0.36 0.21 COLLECTOR - 4 08/18/2007 <.064 <.11 0.07 0.29 0.36 0.42 0.38 0.20 COLLECTOR - 5 08/22/2007 <.064 <.11 <.031 <.093 <.16 0.29 0.26 <.12 COLLECTOR - 6 08/27/2007 <.064 <.11 <.031 <.093 <.16 <.13 <.14 <.12 COLLECTOR - 7 09/21/2007 <.064 <.11 <.031 0.29 0.40 0.50 0.46 0.26 COLLECTOR - 8 10/02/2007 <.064 <.11 <.031 0.14 0.22 0.32 0.30 <.12 COLLECTOR - 9 10/15/2007 <.064 <.11 <.031 <.093 <.16 <.13 <.14 <.12 COLLECTOR - 10 10/17/2007 <.064 <.11 <.031 <.093 <.16 <.13 <.14 <.12 COLLECTOR - 11 03/31/2008 0.12 <.11 0.42 1.60 2.90 4.50 3.60 2.10 COLLECTOR - 12 04/08/2008 <.064 <.11 <.031 0.13 0.29 0.56 0.47 0.24 COLLECTOR - 13 04/10/2008 <.064 <.11 0.08 0.41 0.64 0.99 0.83 0.47 COLLECTOR - 14 04/24/2008 0.22 <.11 <.50 2.20 2.90 3.40 2.60 1.30 
Table 1–4. Concentrations of PAH compounds and total PAH summation for collector street—Continued. [<, less than; —, data not available; all values expressed as micrograms per liter; chemical nomenclature is that of the Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene] Sample ID Date Fluoran- thene Fluorene Indeno (1.2.3-C,D) Pyrene 1-Methyl- naphthalene 2-Methyl- naphthalene Naphthalene Phenan- threne Pyrene 

COLLECTOR - 1 07/26/2007 0.25 <.52 <.093 <.064 <.049 <.042 <.093 0.15 COLLECTOR - 2 08/04/2007 <.11 <.52 <.093 <.064 <.049 <.042 <.093 <.11 COLLECTOR - 3 08/14/2007 0.93 <.52 0.31 <.064 <.049 <.042 0.33 0.69 COLLECTOR - 4 08/18/2007 1.10 <.52 0.33 <.064 <.049 <.042 0.53 0.80 COLLECTOR - 5 08/22/2007 0.44 <.52 0.20 <.064 <.049 <.042 0.11 0.31 COLLECTOR - 6 08/27/2007 0.23 <.52 <0.11 <.064 <.049 <.042 <.093 0.16 COLLECTOR - 7 09/21/2007 1.00 <.52 0.36 <.064 <.049 <.042 0.34 0.76 COLLECTOR - 8 10/02/2007 0.64 <.52 0.23 <.064 <.049 <.042 0.23 0.48 COLLECTOR - 9 10/15/2007 0.13 <.52 <.093 <.064 <.049 <.042 <.093 <.11 COLLECTOR - 10 10/17/2007 0.18 <.52 0.12 <.064 <.049 <.042 <.093 0.14 COLLECTOR - 11 03/31/2008 9.60 <.52 2.90 <.064 0.12 0.06 4.20 7.10 COLLECTOR - 12 04/08/2008 1.00 <.52 0.40 <.064 <.049 <.042 0.42 0.69 COLLECTOR - 13 04/10/2008 2.10 <.52 0.65 <.064 <.049 <.042 0.95 1.60 COLLECTOR - 14 04/24/2008 8.40 <.52 2.80 <.064 0.07 <.042 4.50 5.90 
Table 1–4. Concentrations of PAH compounds and total PAH summation for collector street—Continued.[<, less than; —, data not available; all values expressed as micrograms per liter; chemical nomenclature is that of the Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene]

Sample ID Date Acenaph- thene Acenaph- thylene Anthracene Benzo (A) Anthracene Benzo (A) Pyrene Benzo (B) Fluoran- thene Benzo (G,H,I,) Perylene Benzo (K) Fluoran- thene 

COLLECTOR - 15 04/25/2008 <.064 <.11 <.063 0.35 0.49 0.69 0.58 0.27 COLLECTOR - 16 05/30/2008 <.064 <.11 <.031 0.24 0.40 0.53 0.47 0.20 COLLECTOR - 17 06/05/2008 <.064 <.11 <.031 0.14 0.26 0.29 0.27 <.12 

Table 1–4. Concentrations of PAH compounds and total PAH summation for collector street—Continued.[<, less than; —, data not available; all values expressed as micrograms per liter; chemical nomenclature is that of the Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene]

Sample ID Date Fluoran- thene Fluorene Indeno (1.2.3-C,D) Pyrene 1-Methyl- naphthalene 2-Methyl- naphthalene Naphthalene Phenan- threne Pyrene 

COLLECTOR - 15 04/25/2008 1.50 <.52 0.59 <.064 <.049 <.042 0.68 1.10 COLLECTOR - 16 05/30/2008 1.00 <.52 0.48 <.064 <.049 <.042 0.36 0.75 COLLECTOR - 17 06/05/2008 0.54 <.52 0.29 <.064 <.049 <.042 0.18 0.41 
Table 1–5. Concentrations of PAH compounds and total PAH summation for arterial street. [<, less than; all values expressed as micrograms per liter; chemical nomenclature is that of the Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene] Sample ID Date Acenaph- thene Acenaph- thylene Anthracene Benzo (A) Anthracene Benzo (A) Pyrene Benzo (B) Fluoran- thene Benzo (G,H,I,) Perylene Benzo (K) Fluoran- thene 

ARTERIAL - 1 05/11/2005 <.064 <.11 <.031 <.093 0.17 0.24 0.27 <.12 ARTERIAL - 2 05/19/2005 0.16 <.11 0.56 4.00 6.80 12.00 7.70 4.80 ARTERIAL - 3 07/20/2005 <.064 <.11 0.31 1.90 3.70 5.10 4.20 2.40 ARTERIAL - 4 07/21/2005 <.064 <.11 0.08 0.44 0.81 1.20 0.99 0.56 ARTERIAL - 5 04/29/2006 <.064 <.11 0.04 0.25 0.41 0.67 0.56 0.30 ARTERIAL - 6 05/09/2006 <.064 <.11 0.05 0.32 0.56 0.93 0.81 0.40 ARTERIAL - 7 05/11/2006 <.064 <.11 <.031 0.14 0.32 0.48 0.47 0.23 ARTERIAL - 8 05/24/2006 0.13 <.11 0.40 2.80 4.50 7.00 5.60 3.20 ARTERIAL - 9 06/09/2006 <.064 <.11 <.031 <.093 — 0.37 0.39 0.17 ARTERIAL - 10 06/25/2006 <.064 <.11 <.031 0.12 0.28 0.44 0.46 0.19 ARTERIAL - 11 07/11/2006 <.064 <.11 0.05 0.23 0.47 0.56 0.55 0.25 
Table 1–5. Concentrations of PAH compounds and total PAH summation for arterial street—Continued.[<, less than; all values expressed as micrograms per liter; chemical nomenclature is that of the Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene]

Sample ID Date Fluoran- thene Fluorene Indeno (1.2.3-C,D) Pyrene 1-Methyl- naphthalene 2-Methyl- naphthalene Naphthalene Phenan- threne Pyrene 

ARTERIAL - 1 05/11/2005 0.49 <.52 0.23 <.064 <.049 <.042 0.12 0.33 ARTERIAL - 2 05/19/2005 22.00 <.52 7.30 <.064 <.049 0.04 8.50 16.00 ARTERIAL - 3 07/20/2005 9.60 <.52 3.80 <.064 <.049 <.042 3.00 6.40 ARTERIAL - 4 07/21/2005 2.20 <.52 0.90 <.064 <.049 <.042 0.64 1.50 ARTERIAL - 5 04/29/2006 1.20 <.52 0.51 <.064 <.049 <.042 0.37 0.87 ARTERIAL - 6 05/09/2006 1.60 <.52 0.72 <.064 <.049 <.042 0.42 1.20 ARTERIAL - 7 05/11/2006 0.89 <.52 0.38 <.064 <.049 <.042 0.22 0.67 ARTERIAL - 8 05/24/2006 13.00 <.52 5.30 <.064 <.049 0.05 5.00 10.00 ARTERIAL - 9 06/09/2006 0.59 <.52 0.31 <.064 <.049 <.042 0.24 0.40 ARTERIAL - 10 06/25/2006 0.65 <.52 0.36 <.064 <.049 <.042 0.23 0.50 ARTERIAL - 11 07/11/2006 0.88 <.52 0.44 <.064 <.049 <.042 0.41 0.69 
Table 1–6. Concentrations of PAH compounds and total PAH summation for commercial roof. [<, less than; all values expressed as micrograms per liter; chemical nomenclature is that of the Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene] Sample ID Date Acenaph- thene Acenaph- thylene Anthracene Benzo (A) Anthracene Benzo (A) Pyrene Benzo (B) Fluoran- thene Benzo (G,H,I,) Perylene Benzo (K) Fluoran- thene 

COMMERCIAL ROOF-1 08/17/2006 <.064 <.11 <.031 <.093 0.19 0.22 0.26 <.12 COMMERCIAL ROOF-2 08/28/2006 <.064 <.11 <.031 <.093 <.16 <.13 <.14 <.12 COMMERCIAL ROOF-3 10/04/2006 <.064 <.11 <.031 <.093 0.24 0.27 0.24 <.12 COMMERCIAL ROOF-4 10/10/2006 <.064 <.11 <.031 0.16 0.29 0.33 0.29 <.12 COMMERCIAL ROOF-5 10/16/2006 <.064 <.11 <.031 0.11 0.21 0.23 0.20 <.12 COMMERCIAL ROOF-6 10/21/2006 <.064 <.11 <.031 <.093 0.18 0.20 0.17 <.12 COMMERCIAL ROOF-7 03/21/2007 <.064 <.11 0.09 0.58 0.99 1.30 1.10 0.62 COMMERCIAL ROOF-8 04/02/2007 <.064 <.11 <.031 0.12 0.20 0.24 0.22 <.12 COMMERCIAL ROOF-9 04/22/2007 <.064 <.11 <.031 0.10 0.23 0.32 0.31 0.17 
Table 1–6. Concentrations of PAH compounds and total PAH summation for commercial roof—Continued.[<, less than; all values expressed as micrograms per liter; chemical nomenclature is that of the Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene]

Sample ID Date Fluoran- thene Fluorene Indeno (1.2.3-C,D) Pyrene 1-Methyl- naphthalene 2-Methyl- naphthalene Naphthalene Phenan- threne Pyrene 

COMMERCIAL 

ROOF-1

08/17/2006 0.38 <.52 0.21 <.064 <.049 <.042 0.15 0.31 

COMMERCIAL 

ROOF-2

08/28/2006 0.12 <.52 <.093 <.064 <.049 <.042 <.093 <.11 

COMMERCIAL 

ROOF-3

10/04/2006 0.54 <.52 0.24 <.064 <.049 <.042 0.23 0.43 

COMMERCIAL 

ROOF-4

10/10/2006 0.72 <.52 0.27 <.064 <.049 <.042 0.32 0.56 

COMMERCIAL 

ROOF-5

10/16/2006 0.46 <.52 0.17 <.064 <.049 <.042 0.23 0.37 

COMMERCIAL 

ROOF-6

10/21/2006 0.46 <.52 <0.14 <.064 <.049 <.042 0.31 0.36 

COMMERCIAL 

ROOF-7

03/21/2007 2.90 <.52 1.00 <.064 <.049 <.042 1.60 2.30 

COMMERCIAL 

ROOF-8

04/02/2007 0.53 <.52 0.20 <.064 <.049 <.042 0.28 0.42 

COMMERCIAL 

ROOF-9

04/22/2007 0.73 <.52 0.31 <.064 <.049 <.042 0.33 0.56 
Table 1–7. Concentrations of PAH compounds and total PAH summation for a mixed-use area (strip mall). [<, less than; all values expressed as micrograms per liter; chemical nomenclature is that of the Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene] Sample ID Date Acenaph- thene Acenaph- thylene Anthracene Benzo (A) Anthracene Benzo (A) Pyrene Benzo (B) Fluoran- thene Benzo (G,H,I,) Perylene Benzo (K) Fluoran- thene 

MIXED USE - 1 04/08/2008 <.064 <.11 <.031 0.22 0.49 1.10 1.00 0.49 MIXED USE - 2 04/10/2008 <.064 <.11 <.094 0.47 0.85 1.60 1.40 0.53 MIXED USE - 3 05/29/2008 <.064 <.11 <.031 0.09 0.18 0.25 0.25 <.12 MIXED USE - 4 06/05/2008 <.064 <.11 <.031 0.22 0.44 0.75 0.76 0.25 MIXED USE - 5 06/12/2008 <.064 <.11 <.031 0.09 0.16 0.21 0.23 <.12 MIXED USE - 6 06/12/2008 <.064 <.11 <.031 0.09 <.16 0.13 <.14 <.12 MIXED USE - 7 06/22/2008 <.064 <.11 <.031 0.11 0.18 0.57 0.62 0.16 MIXED USE - 8 07/07/2008 <.064 <.11 <.031 0.09 <.16 0.21 0.23 <.12 MIXED USE - 9 07/10/2008 <.064 <.11 <.031 0.09 <.16 0.21 0.23 <.12 MIXED USE - 10 07/11/2008 <.064 <.11 <.031 0.15 0.32 0.55 0.56 0.17 MIXED USE - 11 07/19/2008 <.064 <.11 <.031 0.09 <.16 <.13 <.14 <.12 MIXED USE - 12 08/04/2008 <.064 <.11 <.060 0.39 0.47 0.60 0.51 0.23 MIXED USE - 13 08/13/2008 <.064 <.11 <.031 0.41 0.71 0.99 0.90 0.35 MIXED USE - 14 08/08/2028 <.064 <.11 <.031 0.39 1.00 1.40 1.30 0.45 MIXED USE - 15 09/04/2008 <.064 <.11 <.031 0.45 0.91 1.60 1.40 0.51 
Table 1–7. Concentrations of PAH compounds and total PAH summation for a mixed-use area (strip mall)—Continued.[<, less than; all values expressed as micrograms per liter; chemical nomenclature is that of the Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene]

Sample ID Date Fluoran- thene Fluorene Indeno (1.2.3-C,D) Pyrene 1-Methyl- naphthalene 2-Methyl- naphthalene Naphthalene Phenan- threne Pyrene 

MIXED USE - 1 04/08/2008 1.90 <.52 0.83 <.064 <.049 <.042 0.47 1.30 MIXED USE - 2 04/10/2008 2.80 <.52 1.40 <.064 <.049 <.042 0.97 1.90 MIXED USE - 3 05/29/2008 0.35 <.52 0.23 <.064 <.049 <.042 <.093 0.24 MIXED USE - 4 06/05/2008 1.10 <.52 0.70 <.064 <.049 <.042 0.36 0.82 MIXED USE - 5 06/12/2008 0.31 <.52 0.21 <.064 <.049 <.042 <.093 0.22 MIXED USE - 6 06/12/2008 0.18 <.52 0.13 <.064 <.049 <.042 <.093 0.13 MIXED USE - 7 06/22/2008 0.79 <.52 0.57 <.064 <.049 <.042 0.26 0.50 MIXED USE - 8 07/07/2008 0.28 <.52 0.22 <.064 <.049 <.042 <.093 0.21 MIXED USE - 9 07/10/2008 0.28 <.52 0.22 <.064 <.049 <.042 <.093 0.21 MIXED USE - 10 07/11/2008 0.72 <.52 0.55 <.064 <.049 <.042 0.25 0.53 MIXED USE - 11 07/19/2008 <.11 <.52 <.095 <.064 <.049 <.042 <.093 <.11 MIXED USE - 12 08/04/2008 2.20 <.52 0.51 <.064 <.049 <.042 0.52 1.50 MIXED USE - 13 08/13/2008 2.50 <.52 0.88 <.064 <.049 <.042 0.82 1.70 MIXED USE - 14 08/08/2028 2.50 <.52 1.20 <.064 <.049 <.042 0.52 1.80 MIXED USE - 15 09/04/2008 3.70 <.52 1.40 <.064 <.049 <.042 1.20 2.20 
Table 1–7. Concentrations of PAH compounds and total PAH summation for a mixed-use area (strip mall)—Continued. [<, less than; all values expressed as micrograms per liter; chemical nomenclature is that of the Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene] Sample ID Date Acenaph- thene Acenaph- thylene Anthracene Benzo (A) Anthracene Benzo (A) Pyrene Benzo (B) Fluoran- thene Benzo (G,H,I,) Perylene Benzo (K) Fluoran- thene 

MIXED USE - 16 09/08/2008 <.064 <.11 <.031 0.12 0.30 0.54 0.46 0.18 MIXED USE - 17 09/12/2008 <.064 <.11 <.031 0.13 0.28 0.63 0.49 0.20 MIXED USE - 18 10/07/2008 <.064 <.11 <.031 0.38 1.20 1.70 1.70 0.52 MIXED USE - 19 10/15/2008 <.064 <.11 <.031 0.15 0.56 0.80 0.78 0.25 

Table 1–7. Concentrations of PAH compounds and total PAH summation for a mixed-use area (strip mall)—Continued. [<, less than; all values expressed as micrograms per liter; chemical nomenclature is that of the Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene] Sample ID Date Fluoran- thene Fluorene Indeno (1.2.3-C,D) Pyrene 1-Methyl- naphthalene 2-Methyl- naphthalene Naphthalene Phenan- threne Pyrene 

MIXED USE - 16 09/08/2008 1.20 <.52 0.47 <.064 <.049 <.042 0.31 <.70 MIXED USE - 17 09/12/2008 1.50 <.52 0.55 <.064 <.049 <.042 0.48 0.84 MIXED USE - 18 10/07/2008 3.10 <.52 1.50 <.064 <.049 <.042 0.82 2.00 MIXED USE - 19 10/15/2008 1.50 <.52 0.71 <.064 <.049 <.042 0.47 0.91 

Selbig, W.R.—Concentrations of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Urban Stormwater, Madison, Wisconsin, 2005–08—Open-File Report 2009–1077

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