Pesticide Data Program—Annual Summary, Calendar Year 2004 

Pesticide Data Program 

Annual Summary Calendar Year 2004 

United States 

Department of 

Agriculture 

Agricultural 

Marketing 

Service 

Science and Technology 

Programs 

Visit our Web site at: www.ams.usda.gov/science/pdp/ 

February 2006 
Pesticide Data Program—Annual Summary, Calendar Year 2004 

United States 

Department of 

Agriculture 

Marketing and 

Regulatory 

Programs 

Agricultural 

Marketing 

Service 

1400 Independence Ave. 

Washington, DC 

20250 

February 2006 

To the Reader: 

I am pleased to present the Pesticide Data Program’s (PDP) 14th Annual 

Summary, which includes data for calendar year 2004. PDP data continue to 

demonstrate that the Nation’s food supply is among the safest in the world. 

The U.S. Department of Agriculture implemented PDP in May 1991. Since then, 

PDP has tested a wide range of commodities in the U.S. food supply. Using a 

rigorous statistical approach to sampling and the most current laboratory methods, 

PDP has tested both fresh and processed fruit and vegetables, grains and grain 

products, milk and dairy products, beef, pork, poultry, drinking water, and bottled 

water (initiated in 2005) for pesticide residues. 

PDP data are essential for the implementation of the 1996 Food Quality 

Protection Act, which directs the Secretary of Agriculture to collect pesticide 

residue data on foods most likely consumed by infants and children. The U.S. 

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) uses PDP data as a critical component 

of dietary assessments of pesticide exposure. The extensive and reliable PDP 

results provide realistic exposure information to the EPA assessment process. 

PDP is a partnership with cooperating State agencies responsible for sample 

collection and analysis. Twelve States participated in the program during 2004: 

California, Colorado, Florida, Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota, Montana, New 

York, Ohio, Texas, Washington, and Wisconsin. Sound conclusions about our 

food supply can be drawn from PDP results because together the sampling States 

represent all regions of the country and over half the Nation’s population. 

The format of this Annual Summary is intended to provide the reader with 

thorough and accurate information. A detachable form is included following this 

letter for your comments and suggestions on how we can improve this report 

further. 

Sincerely, 

Lloyd C. Day 

Administrator 

AMS-Agricultural Marketing Service 

An Equal Opportunity Provider and Employer 
Pesticide Data Program—Annual Summary, Calendar Year 2004 

Contents Page No.

Acknowledgements ...............................................................................................................................vii 

Executive Summary ...............................................................................................................................ix 

Acronyms..............................................................................................................................................xii

Section I Introduction..........................................................................................................................1 

Section II Sampling Operations..........................................................................................................4 

 Background................................................................................................................................4 

 Fresh and Processed Fruit and Vegetables ................................................................................5 

 Grains: Soybeans and Wheat Flour ...........................................................................................6 

 Dairy: Milk ................................................................................................................................9 

 Drinking Water ..........................................................................................................................9 

 

Section III Laboratory Operations...................................................................................................11 

 Overview..................................................................................................................................11 

 Fresh and Processed Fruit and Vegetables ..............................................................................12 

 Soybeans and Wheat Flour ......................................................................................................13 

 Milk .........................................................................................................................................13 

 Drinking Water ........................................................................................................................14 

 Quality Assurance Program.....................................................................................................14 

Section IV Database Management....................................................................................................16 

 Electronic Data Pathway..........................................................................................................16 

 Data Reporting.........................................................................................................................16 

Section V Sample Results and Discussion........................................................................................18 

 Sample Results.........................................................................................................................18 

 National Estimates ...................................................................................................................20 

 Fresh vs. Processed..................................................................................................................20 

 Import vs. Domestic Residue Comparisons.............................................................................21 

 Ethephon Results .....................................................................................................................22 

 Postharvest Applications .........................................................................................................22 

 Environmental Contaminants ..................................................................................................22

 Multiple Pesticide Residue Detections ....................................................................................23 

 Tolerance Violations................................................................................................................23 

 Drinking Water Results ...........................................................................................................24 

 Synopsis...................................................................................................................................24 

 

iii 
Pesticide Data Program—Annual Summary, Calendar Year 2004 

Figures and Tables

Figures Page No. 

1 PDP Program Operations Support and Data Users ...........................................................2 

 2 Program Participants ..........................................................................................................3 

 3 Commodity Origin .............................................................................................................8 

 4 Origin of Selected Fresh Commodities: Cantaloupe, Cucumbers, and Grapes................10 

 5 Number of Samples Collected and Collection Sites for Soybeans—Crop Year 2003.....11 

 6 Location of Drinking Water Collection Sites at Community Water Systems..................12 

 7 PDP Data Pathway ...........................................................................................................17 

 8 Effects of Water Treatment on Atrazine Concentration in Drinking Water Samples ......25 

Tables

 1 PDP Commodity Collection Schedule for 2004 ................................................................5 

 2 Distribution of Samples Collected and Analyzed by Each Participating State..................7 

 3 Number of Samples Analyzed and Summary of Residues Detected by Commodity ......19 

 4 Selected Residue Comparisons for Fresh and Processed Commodities...........................21 

Appendices A-L

 Appendix A Commodity History 

 Appendix B Distribution of Residues by Pesticide in Fruit and Vegetables 

 Appendix C Distribution of Residues by Pesticide in Soybeans 

 Appendix D Distribution of Residues by Pesticide in Wheat Flour 

 Appendix E Distribution of Residues by Pesticide in Milk 

 Appendix F Distribution of Residues by Pesticide in Drinking Water 

 Appendix G Sample Origin by State or Country 

 Appendix H Import vs. Domestic Pesticide Residue Comparisons 

 Appendix I National Estimates for Concentration Percentiles vs. Tolerance 

 Appendix J Cumulative Distributions of Residues for Selected Pesticide/Commodity Pairs 

 Appendix K Number of Pesticides Detected per Sample 

 Appendix L Fruit and Vegetable Samples Reported to FDA as Exceeding the 

 Tolerance or Without Established Tolerance 

v 
Pesticide Data Program—Annual Summary, Calendar Year 2004 

Acknowledgements 

The States participating in the Pesticide Data 

Program (PDP) deserve special recognition for 

their contributions to the program. The dedication 

and flexibility of sample collectors allow the 

Agricultural Marketing Service (AMS) to adjust 

sampling protocols to respond to changing trends 

in commodity distribution and availability. PDP 

acknowledges the contributions of the State 

laboratories, U.S. Department of Agriculture’s 

(USDA) AMS National Science Laboratory and 

Grain Inspection, Packers, and Stockyards 

Administration Laboratory in providing testing 

services to the program and the National 

Agricultural Statistics Service for providing 

statistical support. PDP also acknowledges the 

exceptional support of the Health Effects Division 

staff of the U.S. Environmental Protection 

Agency, Office of Pesticide Programs, in helping 

set the direction for PDP. 

 

Data presented in this report were collected and 

processed through the efforts of the following 

organizations: 

Program Administration

Agricultural Marketing Service 

Science and Technology Programs 

1400 Independence Ave., SW 

South Building, Mail Stop 0222 

Washington, DC 20250 

Deputy Administrator 

Science & Technology Programs: 

Robert L. Epstein 

(202) 720-5231, Facsimile (202) 720-6496 

Monitoring Programs Office 

8609 Sudley Rd., Suite 206 

Manassas, VA 20110 

Director: Martha Lamont 

(703) 330-2300 x17, Facsimile (703) 369-0678 

Deputy Director: Diana Haynes 

(703) 330-2300 x34, Facsimile (703) 369-0678 

Electronic-mail Address: 

amsmpo.data@usda.gov

Web Site: 

http://www.ams.usda.gov/science/pdp/

Participating State Agencies

California Department of Food and Agriculture 

California Department of Pesticide Regulation 

Colorado Department of Agriculture 

Florida Department of Agriculture and 

 Consumer Services 

Maryland Department of Agriculture 

Michigan Department of Agriculture 

Minnesota Department of Agriculture 

Montana Department of Agriculture 

New York Department of Agriculture and 

 Markets 

Ohio Department of Agriculture 

Texas Department of Agriculture 

Washington State Department of Agriculture 

Wisconsin Department of Agriculture, Trade, 

 and Consumer Protection 

Participating Laboratories

 

California Department of Food and Agriculture 

Division of Inspection Services 

Chemistry Laboratory 

3292 Meadowview Rd. 

Sacramento, CA 95832 

 

Colorado Department of Agriculture 

Inspection & Consumer Services Division 

Laboratory Section 

2331 West 31st Ave. 

Denver, CO 80211-3859 

Florida Department of Agriculture and 

 Consumer Services 

Chemical Residue Laboratory 

Building #3 

3125 Conner Blvd. 

Tallahassee, FL 32399-1650 

Florida Department of Agriculture and 

 Consumer Services 

Chemical Residue Laboratory 

500 3rd St., NW 

Winter Haven, FL 33881 

vii 
Pesticide Data Program—Annual Summary, Calendar Year 2004 

Texas Department of Agriculture 

Pesticide Laboratory 

1500 Research Parkway, Ste. B100 

College Station, TX 77845 

United States Department of Agriculture 

Grain Inspection, Packers & Stockyards 

 Administration 

Technical Services Division 

10383 North Ambassador Dr. 

Kansas City, MO 64153-1394 

United States Department of Agriculture 

Agricultural Marketing Service 

National Science Laboratory 

801 Summit Crossing Pl. 

Gastonia, NC 28054 

Washington State Department of Agriculture 

Chemical and Hop Laboratory 

21 N. 1st Ave., Ste. 106 

Yakima, WA 98902 

Michigan Department of Agriculture 

Laboratory Division 

1615 South Harrison Rd. 

East Lansing, MI 48823-5224 

Minnesota Department of Agriculture 

601 North Robert Street 

St. Paul, MN 55101 

Montana Department of Agriculture 

Laboratory Bureau 

McCall Hall, Montana State University 

Bozeman, MT 59717 

 

New York Department of Agriculture 

 And Markets 

Food Laboratory 

1220 Washington Ave. 

State Office Campus, Bldg. 7 

Albany, NY 12235 

Ohio Department of Agriculture 

Consumer Analytical Laboratory 

8995 East Main St. 

Reynoldsburg, OH 43068 

viii 
Pesticide Data Program—Annual Summary, Calendar Year 2004 

This summary of results for 2004 is the 14th

Annual Summary of the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) Pesticide Data Program (PDP). 

In 1991, USDA was charged with designing and 

implementing a program to collect data on pesticide residues in food. The responsibility for this 

program was given to USDA’s Agricultural 

Marketing Service (AMS). 

Program Operations: AMS, through its 

Monitoring Programs Office (MPO), oversees the 

planning and policy development for PDP. MPO 

meets regularly with the U.S. Environmental 

Protection Agency (EPA) and other stakeholders 

(e.g., industry and grower groups) to establish 

program priorities and direction. Participating 

States have a prominent role in program planning 

activities and policy establishment, particularly 

policies relating to quality assurance (QA). The 

USDA National Agricultural Statistics Service 

(NASS) provides sampling support to PDP and 

statistically reliable data on chemical usage at the 

State level and collects economic data that link 

chemical usage with economic characteristics. 

Data Uses: PDP data are used primarily by EPA 

to prepare realistic pesticide dietary exposure 

assessments as part of its ongoing effort to 

implement the 1996 Food Quality Protection Act 

(FQPA). PDP provides high-quality data on 

residues in food, particularly foods most likely 

consumed by infants and children, including 

minor crops. Minor crops are those grown on 

300,000 acres or less in the U.S. – for example, 

many fruit and vegetable crops are defined as 

minor crops. PDP data are used in pesticide reregistration activities, in accordance with FQPA 

requirements. 

PDP data are also used by the U.S. Food and 

Drug Administration (FDA), USDA’s Economic 

Research Service (ERS) and Foreign Agricultural 

Service (FAS), participating States, academic 

institutions, chemical manufacturers, environmental interest groups, food safety organizations, 

and groups within the private sector representing 

food producers. PDP data are used by the U.S. 

Government and agricultural community to 

examine pesticide residue issues that may affect 

good agricultural practices relating to integrated 

pest management objectives and U.S. trade, particularly in the competitive global market. PDP 

additionally provides support for USDA’s participation in the Codex Alimentarius Commission. 

Risk Assessment: In estimating the potential risks 

of consumption of pesticide residues from food, 

EPA uses a step-wise tiered approach. As a first 

step, EPA may use a conservative, worst-case 

scenario and assume that a pesticide is applied to 

the fullest extent permitted by the pesticide label; 

that is, on every acre of each approved crop at the 

maximum rate and frequency allowed. EPA also 

may assume that residues on treated crops are 

present at the maximum allowable level. Exposure 

estimates based on such assumptions are likely to 

significantly exceed actual exposure. When an 

initial assessment indicates a potential risk, EPA 

refines its assessment using more realistic exposure data. Refinements may include the use of 

additional data such as: (1) the percent of a crop 

treated with a pesticide; (2) studies of the effects of 

washing, cooking, processing, and storage; and (3) 

residue monitoring data. During the refinements of 

this exposure assessment, PDP data can be pivotal. 

PDP sampling procedures were designed to 

capture residues in the food supply as close as possible to the time of consumption. PDP concentrates 

its efforts to provide realistic pesticide residue data 

on foods that are most often consumed by infants 

and children and incorporates recommendations 

made in 1993 by the National Academy of 

Sciences (NAS) in its report “Pesticides in the 

Diets of Infants and Children.” 

Participants: In 2004, sampling and/or testing 

program operations were carried out with the 

support of 12 States: California, Colorado, Florida, 

Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota, Montana, New 

York, Ohio, Texas, Washington, and Wisconsin. 

Additionally, two Federal laboratories provided 

testing services: USDA’s AMS National Science 

Laboratory and the Grain Inspection, Packers, and 

Stockyards Administration Laboratory. Participating water utilities provided drinking water samples 

which were tested by the Colorado, Montana, and 

New York State laboratories. MPO is responsible 

for administering the program, coordinating 

ix 

Executive Summary 
Pesticide Data Program—Annual Summary, Calendar Year 2004 

x 

sampling activities, directing technical performance issues and quality assurance measures, and 

managing database activities. 

Sampling: PDP commodity sampling is based on 

a rigorous statistical design which ensures that the 

data are reliable for use in exposure assessments 

and that they can be used to draw various 

conclusions about the Nation’s food supply. 

Pesticides and commodities included each year in 

PDP are selected based on EPA data needs and on 

information about the types and amounts of food 

consumed by infants and children. Fruit and 

vegetable samples collected by each of the 10 

sampling States (California, Colorado, Florida, 

Maryland, Michigan, New York, Ohio, Texas, 

Washington, and Wisconsin) are apportioned 

according to that State’s population. Samples are 

randomly chosen close to the time and point of 

consumption (i.e., distribution centers rather that 

at farmgate) and reflect what is typically available 

to the consumer throughout the year. Samples are 

selected without regard to country of origin, 

variety, or organic labeling. The monthly sampling rate is 62 samples per commodity, except 

for highly seasonal commodities. For seasonal 

commodities, sampling rates are adjusted to 

reflect market availability. 

Results: During 2004, PDP tested fresh and 

processed fruit and vegetables, soybeans, wheat 

flour, milk, and drinking water for various 

insecticides, herbicides, fungicides, and growth 

regulators. Of the 13,208 total samples collected 

and analyzed, 10,366 were fruit and vegetable 

commodities including apples, cantaloupe, cauliflower, cucumbers, grapes, fresh and canned 

green beans, lettuce, oranges and orange juice, 

canned peaches, pears, canned spinach, strawberries, sweet bell peppers, sweet potatoes, 

tomatoes, and winter squash. PDP also tested 616 

soybean, 725 wheat flour, 739 milk, and 762 

drinking water samples. 

Excluding soybeans and drinking water, 84 

percent of all samples were domestic, 14 percent 

were imported, and about 1 percent was of 

unknown origin. Approximately eight percent of 

the orange juice samples were of mixed national 

origin. 

Overall, 76 percent of fresh fruit and vegetables 

and 40 percent of processed fruit and vegetables 

showed detectable residues. Residues were 

detected in 42 percent of soybean samples, 57 

percent of wheat flour samples, and 100 percent of 

milk samples. Residue findings in milk were 

primarily low level residues of diphenylamine and 

the environmental contaminants DDE p,p’ and 

dieldrin. These findings are largely attributable to 

the recent improvements in analytical technologies 

and associated lower detection limits. 

Of the 12,446 fruit and vegetable, soybean, wheat 

flour, and milk samples tested, 30 percent 

contained no detectable pesticides [parent compound and metabolite(s) combined], 30 percent 

contained 1 pesticide, and 40 percent contained 

more than 1 pesticide. Fewer pesticides were found 

in processed products and grain than in fresh 

commodities. Low levels of environmental 

contaminants were detected in milk, lettuce, and 

spinach, usually at concentrations well below 

levels that trigger regulatory actions. 

PDP testing found residues exceeding an established tolerance in 0.2 percent of the 12,446 samples (excluding drinking water). A tolerance is the 

maximum amount of a pesticide residue allowable 

on a raw agricultural commodity. Established 

tolerances are listed in the Code of Federal Regulations, Title 40, Part 180. Residues with no 

established tolerance were found in 5.2 percent of 

all samples (excluding drinking water). These 

residues were detected at very low concentrations 

and may be the result of spray drift, crop rotations, 

or the use of sanitizers in food handling establishments. PDP communicates these findings to FDA 

when they are reported by testing laboratories. 

In finished drinking water, PDP detected low 

levels (measured in parts per trillion) of some 

pesticides, primarily widely used herbicides. 

Fifty-one different residues were detected in the 

untreated intake water and 38 different residues 

were detected in the finished water. The majority 

of pesticides included in the PDP testing profiles 

were not detected. None of the detections in the 

finished water samples exceeded established EPA 

Maximum Contaminant Levels (MCLs) or Health 

Advisory (HA) values, and there were no 
Pesticide Data Program—Annual Summary, Calendar Year 2004 

holders by hard copy, Internet, or custom reports 

generated by MPO. Additional copies of the PDP 

Annual Summary may be obtained by calling 

MPO at (703) 330-2300 or by mailing the form 

provided at the beginning of this report. This 

publication, the PDP database file for 2004, and 

annual summaries and database files for previous 

years are available on the PDP Web site at http://

www.ams.usda.gov/science/pdp. 

xi 

detections for any of the pesticides with 

established Freshwater Aquatic Organism (FAO) 

criteria. 

Data Availability: PDP continuously strives to 

improve methods for the collection, testing, and 

reporting of data. These data are freely available to 

EPA and other Federal and State agencies charged 

with regulating and setting policies on the use of 

pesticides. They are also available to all stake-
Pesticide Data Program—Annual Summary, Calendar Year 2004 

xii 

Acronyms

% C.V. Percent Coefficient of Variation 

AMS Agricultural Marketing Service 

BQL Below Quantifiable Level 

EMRL Extraneous Maximum Residue Limit 

EPA Environmental Protection Agency 

ERS Economic Research Service 

ESA Ethane Sufonic Acid 

e-SIF Electronic-Sample Information Form 

FAO Fresh Aquatic Organism 

FAPAS Food Analysis Performance Assessment Scheme 

FAS Foreign Agricultural Service 

FDA Food and Drug Administration 

FFDCA Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act 

FGIS Federal Grain Inspection Service 

FIFRA Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act 

FQPA Food Quality Protection Act 

GC Gas Chromatography 

GIPSA Grain Inspection, Packers, and Stockyards Administration 

GLP Good Laboratory Practices 

HA Health Advisory 

HPLC High Performance Liquid Chromotography 

LIB Laboratory Information Bulletin 

LOD Limit of Detection 

LOQ Limit of Quantitation 

MCL Maximum Contaminent Level 

MPO Monitoring Programs Office 

MRL Maximum Residue Limit 

MRM Multiresidue Methods 

MS Mass Spectrometry 

NASS National Agricultural Statistics Service 

NSL National Science Laboratory 

OA Oxanilic Acid 

PAM Pesticide Analytical Manual 

PDP Pesticide Data Program 

ppb parts per billion 

ppm parts per million 

ppt parts per trillion 

PT Proficiency Testing 

QA Quality Assurance 

QAO Quality Assurance Officer 

QAU Quality Assurance Unit 

QC Quality Control 

RDE Remote Data Entry 
Pesticide Data Program—Annual Summary, Calendar Year 2004 

xiii 

SAM Single Analyte Method 

SIF Sample Information Form 

SOP Standard Operating Procedure 

SPE Solid Phase Extraction 

SSL Secure Sockets Layer 

TPM Technical Program Manager 

USDA United States Department of Agriculture 

USGS United States Geological Survey 
Pesticide Data Program—Annual Summary, Calendar Year 2004 

1 

I. Introduction 

The Pesticide Data Program (PDP), which was 

initiated in 1991 to collect data on pesticide residues in food, now has an important role in the 

implementation of the 1996 Food Quality Protection Act (FQPA). This law directs the Secretary of 

Agriculture to collect pesticide residue data on 

commodities most frequently consumed by infants 

and children. PDP data are used primarily by the 

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to 

assess dietary exposure during the review of the 

safety of existing pesticide tolerances (maximum 

residue limits). 

Because PDP collects data on food commodities 

primarily for exposure assessment, program operations differ markedly from those followed by 

regulatory monitoring programs for tolerance 

enforcement. PDP samples are collected closer to 

the point of consumption and are prepared emulating consumer practices. Sampling is based on EPA 

data needs and does not impede commodity 

distribution. Laboratory operations are designed to 

achieve the lowest detectable levels rather than 

quick sample turn around. As a dietary risk assessment support program, PDP focuses its pesticide 

testing on registered uses for the commodities in 

the program rather than screening for all potential 

illegal uses. 

Figure 1 (a) illustrates PDP program policy development and planning operations. Primary contributors to these activities include the participating 

States, EPA, USDA’s National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), and additional stakeholders 

including industry and grower groups. Figure 1 (b) 

depicts PDP primary data users including EPA, the 

U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), 

USDA’s Economic Research Service (ERS) and 

Foreign Agricultural Service (FAS), participating 

States, academic institutions, chemical manufacturers, environmental interest groups, food safety 

organizations, and groups within the private sector 

representing food producers. Additionally, other 

Government agencies and industry have used PDP 

data to promote the export of U.S. commodities to 

international markets, and the Codex Alimentarius 

Commission has used PDP data in its own dietary 

risk assessments. 

In 2004, all samples except soybeans and drinking 

water were collected by 10 States (California, 

Colorado, Florida, Maryland, Michigan, New 

York, Ohio, Texas, Washington, and Wisconsin) 

through cooperative agreements with their respective State agencies. Soybean sampling was 

performed by USDA Federal Grain Inspection Service (FGIS) inspectors. Water sampling was conducted by participating drinking water treatment 

facility personnel in six States (Michigan, North 

Carolina, Ohio, Oregon, Pennsylvania, and Washington). Laboratory services were provided by 10 

States (California, Colorado, Florida, Michigan, 

Minnesota, Montana, New York, Ohio, Texas, and 

Washington) and 2 Federal laboratories: USDA’s 

Agricultural Marketing Service (AMS) National 

Science Laboratory (NSL) and the Grain Inspection, Packers, and Stockyards Administration 

(GIPSA) Laboratory. The AMS Monitoring Programs Office (MPO) is responsible for administrative, sampling, technical, and database activities. 

Figure 2 shows the 12 States that participate in the 

sampling and/or testing of PDP fruit and vegetable, wheat flour, whole milk samples, and drinking 

water, as well as the 13 neighboring States that are 

in the direct distribution networks of the PDP participating States. Together, these States represent 

about 50 percent of the Nation's population and all 

4 census regions of the U.S. These States also represent the major producers of fruit and vegetables 

in the U.S. Milk samples are collected by PDP 

participating States. Soybean samples are selected 

in consultation with FGIS and water sites are chosen in collaboration with EPA based on data 

needs. 

AMS works closely with EPA to select commodities and pesticides for PDP testing. Commodities 

Pesticide Data Program (PDP) 

Annual Summary, Calendar Year 2004

This summary consists of the following sections: (I.) Introduction, (II.) Sampling Operations, 

(III.) Laboratory Operations, (IV.) Database Management, and (V.) Sample Results and Discussion 
Pesticide Data Program—Annual Summary, Calendar Year 2004 

2 

Figure 1. PDP Program Operations Support and Data Users. This figure illustrates (a) agencies/groups 

that support PDP program policy and planning activities, and (b) agencies/groups that used PDP data. 

Refer to the list of acronyms for further explanation of groups. 

Industry and 

Grower Groups 

Academic 

Institutions 

Other 

Government 

Agencies 

Agricultural 

Industry 

CODEX 

Chemical Manufacturers, 

Environmental Interest 

Groups, Food Safety 

Organizations 

(a) PDP Policy and Planning Contributions 

(b) PDP Data Users 

Participating 

States 

National 

Agricultural 

Statistics Service 

Environmental 

Protection 

Agency 

Food and Drug 

Administration 

Participating States 

Environmental 

Protection 

Agency 

Foreign 

Agricultural 

Service 

Economic 

Research 

 Service 
Pesticide Data Program—Annual Summary, Calendar Year 2004 

3 

selected are those representing the highest U.S. 

consumption, with an emphasis on foods consumed 

by infants and children. Appendix A details the 

commodity history in PDP from the beginning of 

the program in 1991 through 2005. 

Fruit and vegetable samples are collected at terminal markets and large chain store distribution 

centers from which food commodities are supplied 

to supermarkets and grocery stores. Sampling at 

these locations allows for residue measurements 

that include pesticides applied during crop production and those applied after harvest (such as 

fungicides and growth regulators) and takes into 

account residue degradation while food commodities are in storage. Participation as a PDP sampling 

site is voluntary, which sets it apart from State and 

Federal enforcement programs. In 2004, more than 

700 sites granted access and provided information, 

including site volume data, to sample collectors. 

This voluntary cooperation is important to PDP 

and makes it possible to adjust sampling protocols 

in response to fluctuations in food distribution and 

production. 

Pesticides screened by PDP include those with 

current registered uses and compounds for which 

toxicity data and preliminary estimates of dietary 

exposure indicate the need for more extensive 

residue data. PDP also monitors pesticides for 

which EPA has instituted modified use directions 

(i.e., reduced application rates or frequency) as 

part of risk mitigation requirements. The following appendices list the specific pesticides tested in 

the program: fruit and vegetables (Appendix B), 

soybeans (Appendix C), wheat flour (Appendix 

D), milk (Appendix E), and drinking water 

(Appendix F). 

Nevada 

Idaho 

Wyoming 

New 

Mexico 

Hawaii 

Alaska 

Virginia

Delaware 

Connecticut 

Massachusetts 

Michigan 

Vermont 

New Jersey 

Figure 2. Program Participants. During 2004, AMS established cooperative agreements with 12 States to 

sample and/or test PDP commodities. State laboratories are responsible for analyzing fresh and processed 

fruit and vegetable samples and drinking water samples. The Federal laboratory in Gastonia, North 

Carolina, analyzes meat, poultry, and dairy products, and the Federal laboratory in Kansas City, Missouri, 

analyzes whole and processed grain products. States that do not participate in PDP’s sampling program but 

are in the direct distribution networks of the participating States are also shown. 

New 

York 

Texas 

California 

Oklahoma 

Washington 

Wisconsin 

Florida 

States participating in PDP 

Minnesota 

States where produce is directly marketed from 

participating States 

Location of participating State (white stars)/Federal 

(black stars) Laboratories 

Maryland 

Colorado 

Ohio 

Montana 
Pesticide Data Program—Annual Summary, Calendar Year 2004 

4 

II. Sampling Operations 

♦ Background

The goal of the PDP sampling program is to obtain 

a statistically defensible representation of the U.S. 

food supply. PDP data will subsequently reflect 

actual pesticide residue exposure from food. 

Using a rigorous statistical design, PDP has 

developed extensive procedures to ensure that 

samples are randomly selected from the national 

food distribution system and reflect what is 

typically available to the consumer. 

Fruit and vegetables, processed grain, and dairy 

products are collected by trained State inspectors 

at terminal markets and large chain store distribution centers throughout the country. Whole 

grain samples are collected from trains, trucks, and 

barges by trained USDA FGIS inspectors. 

Drinking water samples are collected by trained 

personnel at individual water treatment facilities at 

selected sites across the country. At these 

locations, information is usually available about 

the identity and origin of the sample. Sample 

information is captured at the time of sample 

collection for inclusion in PDP files. 

PDP sample origin data identify the State or 

Country where the commodity was produced and a 

comparison of PDP sample origin data to State 

production and import data by USDA’s NASS 

shows that PDP sampling is representative of the 

U.S. food supply. PDP sampling operations are 

adjusted according to product availability. The 

number of fruit, vegetable, wheat flour, and milk 

samples collected in each participating State is 

determined by State population. The number and 

location of collected grain samples is determined 

by annual domestic production figures. For drinking water, each local watershed has its own unique 

characteristics; therefore, sample collection for this 

commodity is not intended to reflect national 

trends. In this case, PDP collects samples in areas 

where it is known that targeted pesticides are 

heavily used. The quarterly collection schedule for 

all 2004 commodities is shown in Table 1. 

Sample collectors are trained to adhere to detailed 

program Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) 

that outline proper packaging techniques and 

shipping procedures for each commodity type. 

SOPs for PDP sampling are available on the Internet at www.ams.usda.gov/science/pdp. The SOPs 

provide criteria for site selection and specific 

instructions for sample selection, shipping and 

handling, and chain-of-custody. SOPs are updated 

as needed and serve as a technical reference in 

conducting program sampling reviews to ensure 

that program goals and objectives are met. 

Fruit, vegetable, and milk samples are packed in 

heavy-duty, temperature-controlled containers. 

Samples are shipped the same day as collection by 

overnight delivery to ensure that the selected 

commodities maintain their original integrity until 

they are received at their respective laboratory for 

analysis. Frozen cold packs are included in shipping containers, when necessary, so that holding 

temperatures are preserved throughout transit 

time. Grain samples are collected in pesticide-free 

bags or pouches and are shipped the same day as 

collection to the laboratory where the samples are 

frozen pending analysis. Drinking water samples 

are collected in specially prepared bottles containing dechlorinating agents to halt any potential 

compound degradation, packed with proper cushioning and cold packs, and shipped the same day 

as collection to their respective laboratory by 

overnight delivery. 

PDP Sample Information Forms (SIFs) are used 

for chain-of-custody and to capture information 

needed to characterize the sample. Sample collectors use the forms to record information such 

as: (1) State of sample collection; (2) collection 

date; (3) sampling site code; (4) commodity code; 

and (5) testing laboratory code. Information from 

these five data elements is combined to form a 

unique PDP sample identification number for 

each sample. Other available information about 

each sample is recorded also, such as collector 

name, the State or country of origin, product variety, production claims such as organic, and any 

postharvest chemical applications. An electronic 

SIF (e-SIF) capturing system was implemented in 

2003 and continues to be used to record relevant 

sample information. Refer to Section IV on Database Management for more information on the eSIF system. 
Pesticide Data Program—Annual Summary, Calendar Year 2004 

5 

♦ Fresh and Processed Fruit and Vegetables 

Of all samples collected and analyzed in 2004, 

approximately 78 percent (10,366 of 13,208) were 

fruit and vegetables, including fresh and processed 

products. The fresh commodities collected for PDP 

were apples, cantaloupe, cauliflower, cucumbers, 

grapes, green beans, lettuce, oranges, pears, strawberries, sweet bell peppers, sweet potatoes, 

tomatoes, and winter squash. The processed 

commodities included canned green beans, ready-toserve orange juice, canned peaches, and canned 

spinach. All fresh and frozen fruit and vegetable 

samples weighed either 3 or 5 pounds. The sample 

weight of canned commodities may vary, but 

usually ranged from 1 to 3 pounds. For largesized commodities, such as cauliflower and cantaloupe, a minimum of two units were collected to 

maintain sample representativeness. 

Samples are routinely collected at either terminal 

markets or large chain store distribution centers. 

Surrogate or “proxy” sites (retail markets) are 

occasionally used to collect samples when the 

commodity of interest is unavailable at a terminal 

market or distribution center. In these cases, the 

commodity is selected in the rear storage area of 

the retail facility so the possible contamination by 

Table 1. PDP Commodity Collection Schedule for 2004. Samples are most often collected 

for a 2-year time period. Commodities are initiated or terminated in different quarters of 

the year, so that new commodities are not brought into the program all at the same time. 

This graph illustrates time ranges for the listed commodities. See Appendix A for the 

complete PDP commodity history from May 1991 through December 2005. 

Commodity Jan-Mar Apr-Jun Jul-Sep Oct-Dec 

Apples * X X X X 

Cantaloupe * X X X X 

Cauliflower * X 

Cucumbers X X X 

Grapes * X X X X 

Green Beans, Canned X 

Green Beans, Fresh * X X X 

Lettuce * X X X X 

Milk * X X X X 

Orange Juice * X 

Oranges * X X X X 

Peaches, Canned X X X X 

Pears * X X X X 

Soybean Grain ** X X X 

Spinach, Canned X X 

Strawberries * X X X X 

Sweet Bell Peppers X X X 

Sweet Potatoes X X X 

Tomatoes X X X X 

Water, Finished * X X X X 

Water, Untreated * X X X X 

Wheat Flour X X X X 

Winter Squash * X X 

* Sampling continued in 2005. 

* Soybeans were collected in the 2003 Crop Year (Sep 2003-Aug 2004) 
Pesticide Data Program—Annual Summary, Calendar Year 2004 

6 

the consumer is eliminated and to allow capture of 

sample information from the product boxes. In 

2004, approximately 4 percent of PDP commodities were collected at proxy sites. The 

commodities most often collected at proxy sites 

included: milk, wheat flour, canned fruit or vegetables (canned peaches, canned spinach, and 

canned green beans), and orange juice. 

Participating State agencies compile and maintain 

lists of sampling sites. The States provide the 

AMS and NASS with annual volume information 

for commodities distributed at each site. This 

information is used to weight the site to determine 

the probability for sample selection. For example, 

a weight of 10 may be given to a site that distributes 100,000 pounds of produce annually and a 

weight of 1 is given to a site that distributes 

10,000 pounds. The probability-proportionate-tosize method of site selection then results in the 

larger site’s being 10 times more likely to be 

selected for sampling than the smaller site. 

Participating States work with NASS to develop 

statistical procedures for site weighting and selection. States are also given the option of having 

NASS perform their quarterly site selection. The 

number of sampling sites and the volume of produce distributed by the sites vary greatly between 

States. Sampling plans that include sampling 

dates, sites (primary and alternate), targeted 

commodities, and testing laboratories are prepared 

by each State on a quarterly basis. Collection of 

commodities is randomly assigned to weeks of the 

month, prior to selection of specific sampling 

dates within a week. Because sampling sites are 

selected for an entire quarter, States may assign 

the sites to particular months based on geographic 

location. 

State population figures are used to assign the 

number of fruit and vegetable samples scheduled 

for collection each month. These population- and 

distribution-network-based numbers result in the 

following monthly collection assignments for each 

State: California, 14; Colorado, 2; Florida, 7; 

Maryland, 4; Michigan, 6; New York, 9; Ohio, 6; 

Texas, 8; Washington, 4; and Wisconsin, 2. This 

schedule results in a monthly target of 62 samples 

per commodity, or 744 samples per commodity 

per year. 

A total of 10,366 fresh and processed fruit and 

vegetable samples were collected and analyzed 

during 2004. The number of samples collected in 

each State is listed in Table 2. Figure 2 illustrates 

the participating States and the laboratories to 

which samples were shipped. The total number of 

samples per commodity and the percentage of 

each that were either domestic, imported, or of 

unknown origin are shown in Figure 3. The origin 

of some fresh commodities can vary greatly 

throughout the year. Graphic examples of this 

variation may be found in Figure 4 where differences in origin (domestic vs. import) are depicted 

for fresh cantaloupe, cucumbers, and grapes by 

month. Fruit and vegetable samples originated 

from 39 States plus Washington, D.C., and 22 foreign countries (Appendix G). Results of all vegetable and fruit analyses are tabulated in Appendix 

B. 

♦ Grains: Soybeans and Wheat Flour 

USDA FGIS inspectors collected 616 soybean 

samples for the 2003 crop year (September 2003 

through August 2004). The sample collection period was divided into two collection phases: 

October 2003 through February 2004 (466 samples) and April 2004 through August 2004 (150 

samples). Sample collection rates, on a statewide 

basis, were calculated on the basis of crop production totals averaged over a 3-year period. Samples 

were drawn from trucks (26% of samples), hopper 

cars (49% of samples), and barges (25% of 

samples). Soybeans slated for export were 

excluded from the sampling scheme. PDP chainof-custody procedures are similar to those used for 

fruit and vegetable samples. Sample information 

for soybeans included: inspection location, inspection point code, field office location, official 

agency collecting the sample, carrier identification 

(truck, barge, or railcar), State of origin, collection 

date, quantity of lot sampled, and inspector’s 

name. Pesticide residue analysis was performed by 

the GIPSA Technical Services Division Laboratory located in Kansas City, Missouri. Soybean 

samples originated from 21 States and were collected through 8 regional GIPSA offices. There 

were no imported soybean samples; all were of 

domestic origin. The origin and number of samples collected from each State is displayed in Figure 5; sample results may be found in Appendix C. 
Pesticide Data Program—Annual Summary, Calendar Year 2004 

7 

Table 2. Distribution of Samples Collected and Analyzed by Each Participating State. This table includes 

those commodities collected at terminal markets and distribution centers. The distribution of soybean and 

drinking water samples may be found in Figures 5 and 6, respectively. 

AP = Apples GR = Grapes SC = Spinach (Canned) 

CC = Peaches (Canned) LT = Lettuce ST = Strawberries 

CF = Cauliflower MK = Milk SW = Sweet Potatoes 

CN = Cantaloupe OG = Oranges TO = Tomatoes 

CU = Cucumbers OJ = Orange Juice WF = Wheat Flour 

GB = Green Beans PE = Pears WS = Winter Squash 

GC = Green Beans (Canned) PP = Sweet Bell Peppers 

Commodity Legend 

State AP CF CN CU GB GR LT OG PE PP ST SW TO WS 

Total 

Fresh 

California 168 42 168 126 126 168 168 168 168 126 168 168 168 84 2,016 

Colorado 24 6 24 18 18 24 24 24 25 18 24 24 24 12 289 

Florida 84 21 84 63 63 84 84 84 84 63 84 84 84 42 1,008 

Maryland 48 12 47 36 35 44 48 47 48 36 43 48 48 18 558 

Michigan 72 18 72 54 54 72 72 72 72 54 72 72 72 36 864 

New York 108 27 108 81 81 108 108 108 108 81 108 108 108 54 1,296 

Ohio 72 18 71 54 46 72 72 72 69 54 67 72 72 35 846 

Texas 96 24 96 72 72 96 96 96 96 72 96 96 96 48 1,152 

Washington 48 12 48 36 35 48 48 48 48 36 46 48 48 24 573 

Wisconsin 24 5 24 17 18 23 23 23 23 18 23 23 24 11 279 

 744 185 742 557 548 739 743 742 741 558 731 743 744 364 8,881 

CC GC OJ SC 

Total 

Processed 

Total Fresh & 

Processed 

F&V 

168 42 42 84 336 2,352 

24 6 6 12 48 337 

84 21 21 42 168 1,176 

48 12 12 24 96 654 

72 18 18 36 144 1,008 

108 27 27 54 216 1,512 

72 18 18 36 144 990 

96 23 24 48 191 1,343 

48 12 12 24 96 669 

23 6 6 11 46 325 

743 185 186 371 1,485 10,366 

State 

California 

Colorado 

Florida 

Maryland 

Michigan 

New York 

Ohio 

Texas 

Washington 

Wisconsin 

MK 

166 

23 

83 

48 

72 

105 

72 

92 

48 

16 

725 

WF 

168 

23 

84 

48 

71 

105 

72 

96 

48 

24 

739 

Fresh Fruit and Vegetables 

Processed Fruit and Vegetables Dairy 

 Product 

Grain 

Product 
Pesticide Data Program—Annual Summary, Calendar Year 2004 

8 

Strawberries (731 Samples)

Fresh Fruit and Vegetable Commodities 

Apples (744 Samples) Cantaloupe (742 Samples) Cauliflower (185 Samples)

Domestic 53.1% Domestic 97.8% Domestic 91.7% 

Import 46.4% 

Import 7.9% 

Unknown 0.5% 

Cucumbers (557 Samples) Grapes (739 Samples) Green Beans (548 Samples

Unknown 0.4% 

Domestic 52.8% 

Import 46.8% 

Domestic 51.3% Domestic 87.8% 

Import 46.2% 

Unknown 2.5% 

Lettuce (743 Samples) Oranges (742 Samples) Pears (741 Samples)

Unknown 0.1% 

Domestic 93.7% 

Import 6.2% 

Domestic 98.9% Domestic 86.1% 

Import 12.8% 

Unknown 1.1% 

Sweet Potatoes (734 Sampl Sweet Potatoes (743 Sampl

Unknown 0.8% 

Import 0.7% 

Domestic 98.5% Domestic 94.1% 

Import 5.9% 

Import 1.1% 

Import 7.7% 

Unknown 4.5% 

Sweet Bell Peppers (558 Samples) 

Unknown 0.4% 

Import 2.2% 

Unknown 2.1% 

Import 27.6% 

Domestic 70.3% 

Green Beans (548 Samples) 

Sweet Potatoes (743 Samples) 

Tomatoes (744 Samples) Peaches (751 Samples)

Domestic 67.2% Domestic 84.1% 

Import 28.4% 

Unknown 4.4% Unknown 1.6% 

Import 14.3% 

Winter Squash (364 Samples) 

--Continued 
Pesticide Data Program—Annual Summary, Calendar Year 2004 

9 

PDP collected and analyzed 725 samples of 

bleached, white, enriched wheat flour. Wheat flour 

originated from 24 States (98% of total) and 2 

foreign countries (<1% of total). Less than one 

percent of the samples were of unknown origin. 

Refer to Appendix G for detailed sample origin 

information. Five-pound samples of pre-packaged 

wheat flour were collected from routine PDP 

sampling sites (distribution centers and terminal 

markets); sample collection and chain-of-custody 

procedures were the same as described above for 

fruit and vegetables. Wheat flour analyses were 

performed by the GIPSA Laboratory in Kansas 

City, Missouri. Results for wheat flour are shown 

in Appendix D. 

♦ Dairy: Milk

In 2004, 739 whole milk samples were collected in 

10 participating States, primarily from distribution 

centers or supermarkets that received milk from 24 

different States. 

Seventy-four percent of milk samples were collected at retail distribution centers and 26 percent 

of the samples were collected at proxy sites 

(supermarkets or retail stores that receive product 

directly from their distribution centers). Selection 

of proxy sites for milk sample collection is based 

on a store’s close geographic proximity to its 

milk distribution center. Sample collection States 

are found in Table 2 and distribution by origin is 

found in Appendix G. Shipment and chain-ofcustody procedures were the same as for fruit and 

vegetable samples. Pesticide residue analysis for 

all samples was performed by the AMS NSL in 

Gastonia, North Carolina. Results are shown in 

Appendix E. 

♦ Drinking Water 

PDP collected 762 drinking water samples from 

community water systems in Michigan, North 

Carolina, Ohio, Oregon, Pennsylvania, and 

Washington. Samples were collected bimonthly 

by water treatment facility personnel and sent to 

State laboratories in Colorado, Montana, and 

New York for analysis. Samples included water 

collected from both the raw water intake and the 

finished drinking water after treatment. The untreated intake water and treated water were 

collected as paired samples, taking into account 

each individual plant’s processing time. Dechlorinating and preservative chemicals were 

Figure 3. Commodity Origin. This figure depicts the proportion of commodity origin for each fresh and 

processed fruit and vegetable product tested in 2004 and is representative of the national market. 

Processed Fruit and Vegetable Commodities (continued) 

Green Beans Peaches (751 Samples)

Domestic 89.8% 

Domestic 95.7% 

Import 4.3% 

Mixed National 8.1% 

Import 2.1% 

Green Beans (743 Samples)

Unknown 1.5% 

Domestic 96.9% 

Import 1.6% 

Peaches, Canned (743 Samples) Spinach

Domestic 98.7% 

Import 0.5% 

Unknown 0.8% 

Green Beans, Canned (185 Samples) Orange Juice (186 Samples) 

Spinach, Canned (371 Samples) 
Pesticide Data Program—Annual Summary, Calendar Year 2004 

10 

Origin of Cantaloupe Samples

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

JAN

FEB

MAR

APR

MAY

JUN

JUL

AUG

SEP

OCT

NOV

DEC

Number of Samples

Origin of Cucumber Samples

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

JAN

FEB

MAR

APR

MAY

JUN

JUL

AUG

SEP

Number of Samples

Origin of Grape Samples

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

JAN

FEB

MAR

APR

MAY

JUN

JUL

AUG

SEP

OCT

NOV

DEC

Number of Samples

Domestic 

Imported 

Figure 4. Origin of Selected Fresh Commodities: Cantaloupe, Cucumbers, and Grapes. Differences in 

origin (domestic vs. import) are illustrated by month. The targeted number of samples is 62 per month for 

each commodity. 

* 

* Cucumber sampling ended in September 2004. 
Pesticide Data Program—Annual Summary, Calendar Year 2004 

11 

added to the samples. Samples were packed with 

frozen cold packs and shipped overnight to the 

testing laboratories. 

Since the inception of the water program, PDP has 

completed two years of sampling at sites in 

California, Colorado, Kansas, New York, and 

Texas. New sampling sites were chosen for 2004-

2005. Site selection was made in collaboration 

with EPA’s Environmental Fate and Effects 

Division. All selected sites met the following 

criteria: (1) service to populations under 50,000; 

(2) use of surface water as the primary source of 

water; and (3) location in regions of heavy 

agriculture where known amounts of pesticides 

were applied. Water treatment method was not part 

of the selection criteria. General locations of water 

collection sites and testing laboratories are 

illustrated in Figure 6 and results are shown in 

Appendix F. 

III. Laboratory Operations

♦ Overview 

Thirteen laboratories (11 State and 2 Federal) 

performed analyses for PDP. These laboratories 

are equipped with instrumentation capable of 

detecting residues at very low levels. Laboratory 

staff members receive intensive training and must 

demonstrate analytical proficiency on a periodic 

basis. Program scientists continuously test new 

technologies and develop new techniques to 

improve the levels of detection. Major changes in 

methodology are evaluated and their soundness 

demonstrated and documented in accordance with 

PDP SOPs. 

Figure 5. Number of Samples Collected and Grower States for Soybeans — Crop Year 2003. A 

total of 616 soybean samples were collected between September 2003 and August 2004. The samples 

originated from 21 States and were collected in proportion to their production volumes. Residue 

testing for all samples was performed by the Grain Inspection, Packers, and Stockyards 

Administration Laboratory, located in Kansas City, Missouri. 

Michigan 

South Dakota 

Iowa 

Minnesota 

Arkansas 

North Dakota 

Alabama

1 

8 

4 

9 

5 

1 

8 

4 

15 

12 

14 

14 

19 

122 60 

42 106 

38 

38 

64 

32 

Ohio 

Louisiana

States where more than 30 samples were grown 

States where less than 30 samples were grown 

GIPSA laboratory—Kansas City, MO 

Mississippi

Kansas 

Missouri

Wisconsin 

Nebraska 

Montana 

Illinois 

Indiana

N. Carolina

Tennessee

Kentucky Virginia
Pesticide Data Program—Annual Summary, Calendar Year 2004 

12 

♦ Fresh and Processed Fruit and Vegetables 

PDP participating laboratories analyzing fruit and 

vegetables monitored 175 pesticides plus 56 metabolites, degradates, and isomers using multiresidue methods (MRMs). Upon arrival at the testing facility, samples are visually examined for 

acceptability and discarded if determined to be 

inedible (decayed, extensively bruised, or spoiled). 

Accepted samples are prepared emulating the 

practices of the average consumer to more closely 

represent actual exposure to residues. Fresh samples are prepared as follows: (1) apples and pears 

are washed with stems and cores removed; (2) 

cantaloupes are cut in half and seeds and rinds are 

removed; (3) cauliflower is washed and the wrapper leaves are removed; (4) cucumbers and winter 

squash are washed and inedible portions are 

removed; (5) grapes and green beans are washed 

and stems and extraneous materials are removed; 

(6) lettuce is washed, wrapper leaves are removed 

(head lettuce only), and damaged portions are removed; (7) oranges are peeled and excess white 

membrane is removed; (8) strawberries are rinsed 

and stems and leaves are removed; (9) sweet bell 

peppers are washed with stems, cores, and seeds 

removed; (10) sweet potatoes are washed, gently 

scrubbed with a vegetable brush, rinsed, and 

woody stems are removed; and (11) tomatoes are 

washed and stems removed. Processed samples 

are prepared as follows: (1) fresh and reconstituted orange juices are mixed until homogeneous; 

and (2) canned and frozen fruit and vegetables are 

homogenized with their entire contents, including 

any liquid present. 

Laboratories are permitted to refrigerate incoming 

fresh fruit and vegetable samples of the same 

commodity for up to 72 hours to allow for different sample arrival times from collection sites. 

Frozen and canned commodities may be held in 

storage (freezer or shelf) until the entire sample 

set is ready for analysis. Samples are homogenized using choppers and/or blenders and are 

separated into analytical portions (aliquots) for 

analysis. If testing cannot be performed immediFigure 6. Location of Drinking Water Collection Sites at Community Water Systems. A total of 16 

water treatment facilities in the U.S. were sampled in paired units (coordinated treated and untreated 

samples). Sites represent areas of varied geographical settings but are located in watersheds where 

pesticides were known to have been heavily applied. 

Michigan 

N. Carolina

2 

4 

3 

1 Ohio 

Washington 

3 

3 

Montana 

Colorado 

Sampled States (# of Sites) 

Location of State laboratories that perform sample 

analysis 

New York

Oregon 

Pennsylvania 
Pesticide Data Program—Annual Summary, Calendar Year 2004 

13 

ately, the entire analytical set is frozen at -40°C or 

lower, according to PDP’s Quality Assurance/

Quality Control (QA/QC) requirements. Surplus 

aliquots not used for the initial testing are retained 

frozen in the event that replication of analysis or 

verification testing is required. 

For analysis of fruit and vegetables, variations and 

combinations of the FDA Luke I [Section 302 of 

Pesticide Analytical Manual (PAM) I] and Luke 

II [FDA Laboratory Information Bulletin (LIB) 

3896] extraction procedures were used by PDP 

laboratories in Ohio and Texas. The California, 

Florida (Winter Haven), and Washington laboratories used modifications of the MRM developed 

by the California Department of Food and Agriculture. The New York laboratory used a method 

based on the Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada 

solid phase extraction (SPE) method with some 

modifications based on the Luke procedure. The 

Florida (Tallahassee) and Michigan laboratories 

used a modified version of the QuEChERS 

method, developed and published in July 2003 by 

USDA ARS. All MRMs are determined, through 

method validation procedures, to produce equivalent data for PDP analytical purposes. Residues 

are extracted from samples with the use of organic 

solvents followed by various cleanup procedures 

such as SPE. 

 

Gas chromatography (GC) and liquid chromatography (LC), coupled with selective detectors 

and mass spectrometry (MS) systems, are used for 

the initial identification and quantitation of pesticides. Laboratories are increasing their use of GC 

and LC/MS-MS tandem systems and are specifically focusing on LC/MS techniques to broaden 

the scope of testing and to keep pace with emerging analyte chemistries. All residues initially identified must be verified. Confirmation is accomplished by MS, alternate detection systems, or 

alternate chromatographic behavior. Verification 

is considered crucial due to the complexity of 

commodity matrices and the low concentration 

levels of detected residues. The verification 

process provides an extra measure of confidence 

in the identification of both the pesticide residue 

and its concentration. 

Triazoles – Strawberries: In addition to analyzing strawberries and sweet potatoes using MRMs, 

the Michigan laboratory monitored triazole fungicides including three metabolites, 1,2,4-triazole, 

triazole acetic acid, and triazole alanine in strawberries. The analyses were performed using LC 

coupled with tandem MS in order to achieve the 

low parts per billion (ppb) detection limits 

required for dietary risk assessment. Testing for 

the three common metabolites required development of special analytical techniques in addition 

to the more conventional PDP multiresidue methods. The remaining target triazole fungicide 

parent compounds, isomers, and other metabolites 

were determined by GC coupled with MS 

detection or LC/MS-MS. 

Ethephon – Fresh Fruit: In 2004, apple and 

grape sample homogenates were tested for 

ethephon by the Minnesota laboratory. The samples were prepared as described in the fresh fruit 

and vegetables section above. Aliquots of the 

homogenates were frozen and shipped to the Minnesota laboratory on a monthly basis. The Minnesota laboratory used a single analyte method 

(SAM) to extract ethephon from apple and grape 

samples and analyses were performed by headspace GC with flame ionization detection. 

♦ Soybeans and Wheat Flour 

The USDA GIPSA laboratory in Kansas City, 

Missouri, monitored soybean samples for 67 pesticides plus 16 metabolites and isomers and wheat 

flour samples for 55 pesticides plus 16 metabolites and isomers. On arrival at the testing facility, 

samples are visually examined for acceptability 

and discarded if spoiled (e.g., moldy, rotten). 

Soybean samples were ground before being 

analyzed. Surplus sample aliquots, not used for 

the initial testing, were retained refrigerated in the 

event that replication of analysis or verification 

testing was required. Extraction of soybean and 

wheat flour samples was accomplished using solvent extraction and SPE cleanup coupled with 

MS detection. 

♦ Milk 

The AMS NSL in Gastonia, North Carolina, 

tested milk samples for 70 pesticides plus 18 

metabolites, degradates, and isomers. Upon arrival at the testing facility, samples were visually 
Pesticide Data Program—Annual Summary, Calendar Year 2004 

14 

examined for acceptability and discarded if 

spoiled. Samples were refrigerated until preparation for analysis. Generally, 1 quart to 1 gallon 

samples were received. Because the milk samples 

received were homogenized, further mixing at the 

laboratory was not required. A 100-gram aliquot 

was weighed and extracted using solvent extraction followed by SPE cleanup. Three 100-gram 

aliquots were weighed, frozen, and kept in reserve 

in the event that replication of analysis or verification testing was required. Surplus milk remaining 

after the four aliquots were taken was then 

discarded. Samples were analyzed using MS 

detection, selective detectors, or post-column 

derivatization high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).

♦ Drinking Water

The Colorado, Montana, and New York laboratories analyzed drinking water for approximately 

182 pesticides plus 51 metabolites and isomers. 

These compounds were determined to be of interest to EPA. Paired samples of the raw intake water 

(untreated) and disinfected finished drinking water 

(treated) were collected for analysis. Treated water 

samples were collected after the untreated samples 

at a time interval consistent with the hydraulic 

residence. Hydraulic residence is the average time 

from entry into the treatment facility until 

discharge as treated water. 

Each sample consisted of three 1-liter amber glass 

bottles collected at the water treatment facility. 

Upon arrival at the testing laboratory, samples 

were visually examined for acceptability and discarded if warm to the touch or leaking. Samples 

were refrigerated until time of analysis and extracted within 96 hours of collection. A 1-liter 

bottle was extracted for compounds amenable to 

GC analysis and one for compounds amenable to 

LC analysis. The remaining bottle was held in reserve or extracted for specialty compounds requiring separate extraction/analytical procedures [e.g., 

ethane sulfonic acid (ESA) and oxanilic acid (OA) 

analogs of alachlor, acetochlor, and metolachlor]. 

Extraction methods used were based on SPE 

methods developed by the United States Geological Survey (USGS) and were independently 

validated by each testing laboratory. Samples were 

analyzed using MS detection (single and tandem 

GC and LC technologies), selective detectors, or 

post-column derivatization HPLC detection 

systems. 

♦ Quality Assurance Program 

The primary objectives of the QA/QC program are 

to ensure the reliability of PDP data and the 

performance equivalency of the participating laboratories. Direction for the PDP QA program is 

provided through SOPs based on EPA Good Laboratory Practices (GLPs). Written SOPs provide 

uniform administrative, sampling, and laboratory 

procedures. SOPs are revised annually to accommodate changes in the program. Prior to submission to PDP, data are reviewed by each Quality 

Assurance Unit (QAU) for completeness and 

adherence to PDP requirements. 

Laboratory Technical Advisory Group and 

Quality Assurance Officers: A Technical Advisory Group comprised of laboratory Technical 

Program Managers (TPMs) and Quality Assurance 

Officers (QAOs) is responsible for annually reviewing program SOPs and addressing QA issues. 

For day-to-day QA oversight, PDP relies on the 

QAU at each participating facility. As required 

under EPA GLPs, the QAU operates independently 

from the laboratory staff and is responsible for performing quarterly internal program audits. Preliminary data review procedures are performed on-site 

by each laboratory’s QAU. Final review procedures are performed by PDP staff who are responsible for collating and reviewing data for 

conformance with SOPs. 

Method Performance Requirements: Laboratories are required to determine and verify the 

limits of detection (LODs) and limits of quantitation (LOQs) for each pesticide/commodity pair. 

LODs depend on matrix, analyte, and detector 

used. LODs for each pesticide/commodity pair are 

shown in the applicable crop results appendix. 

Additional method performance/validation requirements include modules for consistent instrument 

response (linearity), method range, and precision 

and accuracy. 

Confirmation: Verification by MS or a suitable 

alternate detection system is required for all preliminary results. Verified residue amounts greater 

than or equal to LOD and below LOQ are reported 
Pesticide Data Program—Annual Summary, Calendar Year 2004 

15 

as below quantifiable level (BQL). BQLs are 

assigned values at one-half the LOQ, and are used 

along with values greater than or equal to LOQ 

and non-detects in dietary risk assessments, when 

appropriate. 

Routine Quality Control Procedures: PDP 

procedures for quality control (QC) are intended 

to assess method and analyst performance during 

sample preparation, clean-up, extraction, and, 

where applicable, derivatization. To maximize 

sample output and decrease the QC/sample ratio, 

samples are analyzed in analytical sets that include 

the test samples and the following components: 

Reagent Blank – For analysis of fruit and vegetables, milk, soybeans, and wheat flour, an amount 

of distilled water, equivalent to the natural moisture content of the commodity, is run through the 

entire analytical process to confirm glassware 

cleanliness and system integrity. 

Matrix Blank – A previously analyzed sample of 

the same commodity, which contains either very 

low concentrations of known residues or no detectable residues, is divided into two portions. 

The first portion is used to determine background 

information on naturally occurring chemicals and 

the second is used to prepare a matrix spike. 

Matrix Spike(s) – Prior to extraction, a portion(s) 

of matrix blank is spiked with marker pesticides to 

determine the precision and accuracy of the 

analyst and instrument performance. Marker 

pesticides are compounds selected from different 

pesticide classes (e.g., organochlorines, organophosphates, carbamates, conazoles, imidazolinones, neonicotinyls, phenoxy acid herbicides, 

pyrethroids, strobilurins, triazines), which have 

physical and chemical characteristics similar to 

those in the class they represent. The use of 

marker pesticides to monitor recoveries is a modification of PDP’s previous requirements that 

called for spiking with all pesticides. Marker pesticides are representative chemicals of the various 

classes analyzed and are intended to provide 

assurance of data reliability while not expending 

undue laboratory resources determining recoveries 

for each compound included in the extensive analytical screens. During 2004, PDP laboratories 

quantitated a total of 40,986 matrix spikes, with an 

overall mean recovery of 90 percent and an overall 

percent coefficient of variation (% C.V.) of 32 percent. The % C.V. is calculated as the standard 

deviation divided by the mean. 

Process Control Spike – A compound with physical 

and chemical characteristics similar to those of the 

pesticides being tested is used to evaluate the analytical process on a sample-by-sample basis. Each 

of the analytical set components, except the reagent 

and matrix blanks, is spiked with process controls. 

During 2004, PDP laboratories quantitated a total 

of 50,880 process controls on 13,207 samples, with 

an overall mean recovery of 96 percent and an 

overall % C.V. of 19 percent. Of these process controls, 363 (0.71%) were rerun due to initial failure 

to meet PDP recovery criteria. These rerun values 

are not included in these statistics. 

Proficiency Testing: All facilities are required to 

participate in PDP’s Proficiency Testing (PT) program. For laboratories testing fresh and processed 

fruit and vegetables, grains and grain products, and 

dairy products, multiresidue test samples containing pesticides of known quantities are periodically 

issued and analyzed under the same conditions as 

routine samples. The resulting data are used to 

determine performance equivalency among the 

testing laboratories, and to evaluate individual 

laboratory performance. During 2004, PDP laboratories received 4 multiresidue fruit and vegetable 

PT sets consisting of 12 samples, 1 milk set consisting of 3 samples, and 1 soybean set consisting 

of 3 samples. For fruit and vegetable multiresidue 

screening, the 12 samples comprised 4 commodities and were fortified with 35 compounds at levels 

generally 1 to 10 times the LOQ. Four compounds 

were repeated once. Reported results for fruit and 

vegetable samples yielded an overall mean recovery of 97 percent and an overall % C.V. of 28 

percent. 

Additionally, PDP laboratories participated in the 

international AOAC® and Food Analysis Performance Assessment Scheme (FAPAS) proficiency 

testing programs. For the AOAC® program, PDP 

laboratories participated in one test round of orange 

matrices fortified with nine pesticides. For FAPAS, 

PDP laboratories participated in 2 rounds consisting of apple, grapefruit, lettuce, and tomato test 

matrices fortified with 19 pesticides. 
Pesticide Data Program—Annual Summary, Calendar Year 2004 

16 

Laboratories were evaluated based on z-scores for 

reported compounds, as well as any reported false 

negatives or false positives. Laboratories were not 

held responsible for reporting compounds not 

included in their routine screening method. 

Overall, PDP laboratories performed as well or 

better than other participating laboratories. 

For water, a commercial vendor supplied PT solutions to the testing laboratories. Solution profiles 

were based on common laboratory analytical 

profiles and detection limits. Test solutions were 

used for spiking, rather than distribution of spiked 

samples, due to stability concerns. For each PT set, 

the vendor supplied the laboratory’s QAU with a 

custom solution that was diluted according to program protocols by the onsite QAU and fortified 

into 1 liter of unfiltered tap water. The spiked 

samples were then presented to the staff members 

of each respective laboratory for analysis. 

On-site Reviews: PDP staff perform on-site visits 

to determine compliance with PDP SOPs. 

Improvements in sampling, chain-of-custody, laboratory, recordkeeping, and electronic data transmission procedures are made as a result of on-site 

reviews. 

IV. Database Management 

 

PDP maintains an electronic database at the MPO 

in Manassas, Virginia, that serves as a central data 

repository. The data captured and stored in the 

PDP database include sample collection and 

product information, residue findings, and process 

control recoveries for each sample analyzed, in 

addition to QA/QC fortified recoveries for each set 

of samples. Each calendar-year survey is stored in 

a separate database structure, allowing easier 

administration and data reporting. The PDP data 

pathway is illustrated in Figure 7. 

♦ Electronic Data Pathway

 

PDP utilizes the Remote Data Entry (RDE) system, 

which is a customized software application that 

allows participating State and Federal laboratories 

to enter and transmit data electronically. The RDE 

system is centralized with all user interface software and database files residing in Washington, 

D.C. The laboratory users need only a Web 

browser to interface with the RDE system. 

Access is controlled through separate user login/

password accounts and user access rights for the 

various system functions based on position 

requirements. The RDE system utilizes Secure 

Sockets Layer (SSL) technology to encrypt all 

data passed between users’ computers and the 

central Web server. 

A separate Windows-based system allows 

sample collectors to capture the standardized SIF 

electronically on handheld or laptop computers. 

The e-SIF system generates formatted text files 

containing sample information that are e-mailed 

to PDP headquarters and then imported into the 

Web-based RDE system. 

The RDE data entry screens have extensive editing functions and cross-checks built into the 

software to ensure that valid values are entered 

for all critical data elements. This task is made 

easier by the practice of capturing and storing 

standardized codes for all critical alphanumeric 

data elements rather than their complete names, 

meanings, or descriptions. This coding scheme 

allows for faster and more accurate data entry, 

saves disk storage space, and allows the user to 

perform adhoc queries (data searches) on the 

database easily. The data entry screens also perform automatic edits on numeric fields, dates, 

and other character fields to ensure that entries 

are within prescribed boundaries. 

At PDP headquarters, the RDE system allows 

staff chemists to review the data on-line and then 

to mark the data as ready-for-upload to the 

central PDP database. A separate upload application converts and passes the data to the PDP 

database which is presently maintained using 

Microsoft® Access in a Windows® operating environment. Access to the central PDP database is 

limited to PDP staff personnel only and is controlled through password protection and user 

access rights. System back-ups are performed 

each night and back-up tapes are sent to off-site 

storage once a week. 

♦ Data Reporting 

The PDP staff frequently receives requests for 

data from Government agencies and interested 

outside parties. Adhoc queries and custom 
Pesticide Data Program—Annual Summary, Calendar Year 2004 

17 

Figure 7. PDP Data Pathway. An illustration of PDP data path from sample collection, through 

laboratory analysis and reporting. 

- 10 State labs + 2 USDA labs 

- F&V Samples prepared for consumption 

- Detect residues at low levels 

- Pesticide residue data generated 

- Multi-tiered QA data review process

Laboratory Analysis 

Sample Collection

- Collection in 10 States 

- Samples taken close to consumer 

- Standardized Sample Information Form 

- Data entry on handheld/laptop computers 

- Web-based data entry software 

- Import data from other systems 

- Access controlled by user login 

- Extensive data cross-checks 

Laboratory Remote Data Entry (RDE) 

Data Review at HQ 

- Chemists review data on-screen 

- Upload data to central database 

Year-end Review 

- Data reconciliation 

Internet 

Internet 

- Standard & adhoc reporting 

- Annual Summary 

- Custom data sets 

Data Reporting 
Pesticide Data Program—Annual Summary, Calendar Year 2004 

18 

reports are generated to fill such requests. An 

electronic library of data queries is maintained to 

generate standardized data summaries, including 

the data tables, charts, and appendices in this 

annual summary. Subsets of the PDP calendaryear databases are made available for download 

from the PDP Website. The data files on the 

Website are fixed-length text files that contain a 

portion of the sampling data, all of the reported 

residue findings, and reference lists that can be 

used to interpret the standardized codes used in 

the PDP data. The data files can be imported into 

defined database structures and manipulated with 

the use of common database management 

software packages. 

V. Sample Results and Discussion

♦ Sample Results 

In 2004, PDP conducted surveys on a variety of 

foods including fresh and processed fruit and 

vegetables, soybeans, wheat flour, milk, and 

drinking water. Of the 13,208 samples that were 

collected and analyzed, 10,366 were fruit and 

vegetable commodities, 616 were soybean samples, 725 were wheat flour samples, 739 were 

milk samples, and 762 were drinking water 

samples. 

With the exception of soybean and drinking water 

samples which were all from U.S. sources, 84 percent of the samples were produced in the U.S., 14 

percent were imports, and about 1 percent were of 

unknown origin. Appendix G shows the distribution of sample origin by State or Country. Of the 

domestic samples, more than 43 percent (4,317 of 

9,982) were grown, packed, and/or distributed in 

or from California. Approximately eight percent 

of the orange juice samples were of mixed 

national origin (i.e., the juice was comprised of 

oranges grown in more than one country). Appendix H includes a comparison of residues for 

selected commodities with a significant import 

component. 

Table 3 gives an overview of the number of 

residue detections for fresh and processed fruit 

and vegetables, grains, and dairy products determined during 2004. Overall, 76 percent of fresh 

fruit and vegetables and 40 percent of processed 

fruit and vegetables showed detectable residues. 

The percent of samples with detections ranged 

from 22 percent (canned peaches) to 98 percent 

(apples). Residues were detected in 42 percent of 

the soybean samples, 57 percent of the wheat 

flour samples, and 100 percent of the milk samples. Residue findings in milk were primarily low 

level detections of diphenylamine and the environmental contaminants DDE p,p’ and dieldrin. 

These findings are largely attributable to the recent improvements in analytical technologies and 

associated lower detection limits. 

Appendix B tabulates the distribution of residues 

in fruit and vegetables for the complete 2004 data 

set. Information included in this appendix are: 

number of samples analyzed for a particular 

compound; number and percent of samples with 

detections; range of concentrations detected; tolerance violations; range of analytical LODs for 

2004; EPA tolerance levels or FDA action levels; 

and corresponding Codex Alimentarius maximum 

residue limits (MRLs) and/or extraneous maximum residue limits (EMRLs), when applicable. 

Appendices C, D, E, and F provide the distribution of residues for soybeans, wheat flour, milk, 

and water respectively. The individual sample 

data can be downloaded from the PDP Website or 

obtained by contacting MPO. 

In 2004, PDP also completed a special study of 

triazole fungicides and metabolites, which began 

in 2003 at the request of EPA. Michigan analyzed 

more than 500 strawberry samples for parent 

triazoles and common triazole metabolites. 

Additionally, California analyzed more than 200 

strawberry samples for parent triazoles. For 

strawberries, triazole alanine was detected in 12.4 

percent of the samples. Parent triazoles myclobutanil and triflumizole were detected in 38.4 and 

1.4 percent of strawberry samples respectively. 

Triadimefon, 1,2,4-triazole, and triazole acetic 

acid were not detected in any strawberry samples. 

Food monitoring data, together with dietary consumption surveys, are used by EPA to estimate 

dietary exposure to pesticides to ensure the safety 

of existing pesticide uses. EPA uses all results 

reported by PDP, including sample results 

reported as below the LOD and those above the 

tolerance. PDP laboratories are required to 
Pesticide Data Program—Annual Summary, Calendar Year 2004 

19 

Number of 

Samples 

Analyzed 

Samples with 

Residues 

Detected 

Percent 

of Samples 

with Detections 

Different 

Pesticides 

Detected 

Different 

Residues 

Detected 

Total Residue 

Detections 

Apples 744 727 98 33 41 2,619 

Cantaloupe 742 402 54 18 24 626 

Cauliflower 185 134 72 4 4 151 

Cucumbers 557 404 73 30 36 1,025 

Grapes 739 574 78 32 39 1,336 

Green Beans 548 387 71 24 28 976 

Lettuce 743 657 88 47 57 1,985 

Oranges 742 654 88 10 12 981 

Pears 741 643 87 31 35 1,309 

Strawberries 731 681 93 28 35 1,996 

Sweet Bell Peppers 558 539 97 43 50 2,282 

Sweet Potatoes 743 461 62 13 14 587 

Tomatoes 744 359 48 17 21 737 

Winter Squash 364 146 40 17 20 217 

8,881 6,768 76 16,827 

Green Beans, Canned 185 44 24 5 5 73 

Orange Juice 186 93 50 3 3 94 

Peaches, Canned 743 162 22 3 3 175 

Spinach, Canned 371 300 81 8 8 406 

 1,485 599 40 748 

Table 3. Number of Samples Analyzed and Summary of Residues Detected by Commodity. The distinction 

between the number of pesticides and different residues is made to differentiate a parent compound and its 

metabolite(s). A parent compound and its metabolites are reported as a single pesticide detection rather than 

as separate residue detections. 

TOTAL PROCESSED 

Number of Samples Analyzed = 10,366 

Number of Samples with Residues Detected = 7,367 

Percent with Residue Detections = 71.1% 

Total Number of Different Pesticides Detected = 99 

Total Number of Different Residues Detected = 115 

Total Number of Residue Detections = 17,575 

Soybeans 616 256 42 8 8 282 

Wheat Flour 725 410 57 16 16 590 

1,341 666 50 872 

Milk 739 739 100 12 12 2,129 

Number of Samples Analyzed = 12,446 

Number of Samples with Residues Detected = 8,772 

Percent with Residue Detections = 70.5% 

Total Number of Different Pesticides Detected = 156 

Total Number of Different Residues Detected = 171 

Total Number of Residue Detections = 20,576 

Fresh Fruit and Vegetables:

Processed Fruit and Vegetables:

TOTAL FRESH 

Dairy Product:

Processed Grain Product:

Fruit and Vegetables Totals: 

All Commodities (excludes 762 drinking water samples): 

TOTAL GRAIN 
Pesticide Data Program—Annual Summary, Calendar Year 2004 

20 

establish LODs and report any instrumental 

response below the LOD as a non-detect. LODs 

are established experimentally for each pesticide/

commodity pair and are reported with each data 

set. The number of non-detects can be used in conjunction with percent crop treated data to determine what proportion of these values may be 

counted as zero towards the dietary exposure. As 

shown in Table 3, 30 percent of the samples 

(excluding water) were reported as having no residue detections (i.e., results were below the established LOD). For samples containing residues, the 

vast majority of the detections were well below 

established tolerances. 

♦ National Estimates

 

National estimates for selected pesticide/

commodity pairs are shown in Appendix I. In most 

cases for each pair, the levels of detected residues 

are a small fraction of the tolerance level. A range 

of values for the average sample residue concentration (mean) for each pair is provided. The 

lower value for the range is determined by treating 

a sample without detectable residues as if it had a 

residue concentration equal to zero. The upper 

value is determined by treating such a sample as if 

it had a residue concentration equal to the LOD. 

Calculations for the 50th, 75th, and 90th percentiles for each of the selected pairs are shown. The 

ratio of the 90th percentile to the tolerance, as a 

normalization factor is also provided. Percent detections and percentiles for apples, cantaloupe, 

cauliflower, cucumbers, grapes, fresh green beans, 

lettuce, oranges, pears, strawberries, sweet bell 

peppers, sweet potatoes, tomatoes, and winter 

squash were weighted to reflect monthly variations 

in marketing. No weighting adjustments were 

made for canned green beans, milk, orange juice, 

canned peaches, soybeans, canned spinach, or 

wheat flour. 

Appendix J displays the estimated distributions of 

12 representative pesticide/commodity pairs. 

These graphs depict that the overwhelming majority of pesticide testing results and the respective 

means (average values) are at low concentrations. 

The range of values, the median at the 50th percentile, and the range in percentile representing the 

lower and upper bound for the sample mean are 

shown on each chart. These pesticide/commodity 

pairs included in Appendix J are diphenylamine/

apples, cyprodinil/grapes, acephate/green beans, 

methamidophos/green beans, imidacloprid/lettuce, 

imazalil/oranges, chlorpyrifos/soybeans, permethrin total/canned spinach, myclobutanil/strawberries, imidacloprid/sweet bell peppers, dicloran/

sweet potatoes, and malathion/wheat flour. In some 

cases, there is convergence of the mean upper and 

lower bound into a single line due to the insignificant differences between them (e.g., dicloran/sweet 

potatoes). 

♦ Fresh vs. Processed

 

The 2004 residue data, as in past years, show that 

residue profiles for fresh products are significantly 

different than for processed products. Raw agricultural commodities, if specifically grown for processing into juice for example, could receive 

different treatments than products destined for 

fresh market. An increase in residue levels (concentration) or reduction in residue levels is likely a 

direct result of processing effects such as cooking, 

pasteurization, and other processing steps. A 

comparison of residues for selected fresh and 

processed products is shown in Table 4. 

For fresh green beans, detection of pesticides in 

greater than 10 percent of the samples included 

acephate, chlorothalonil, endosulfan I, endosulfan 

sulfate, methamidophos, and o-phenylphenol. In 

canned green beans, detection of acephate and 

methamidophos was significantly less than in the 

fresh product. Chlorothalonil, endosulfan I, and 

endosulfan sulfate were not detected in canned 

green beans and o-phenylphenol was not analyzed. 

A direct comparison of fresh oranges to orange 

juice can be problematic. Not only may oranges 

specifically grown for processing into juice receive 

different treatments than products destined for the 

fresh market, but entirely different varieties are 

grown specifically for juice production and may be 

treated completely differently than fresh market 

oranges. In some cases, orange juice samples were 

comprised of juice from oranges grown in different 

countries. In 2004, carbaryl and o-phenylphenol 

were found more frequently in orange juice than in 

fresh oranges. In contrast, imazalil was found in 

0.5 percent of the juice and on 74.7 percent of 

fresh oranges and thiabendazole was not detected 

in any of the juice samples while 34.0 percent of 

fresh oranges contained thiabendazole. 
Pesticide Data Program—Annual Summary, Calendar Year 2004 

21 

Results for fresh spinach collected and analyzed in 

2003 are compared to the 2004 findings for canned 

spinach in Table 4. Cypermethrin was detected in 

14.9 percent of the fresh spinach samples and 23.2 

percent of the canned spinach samples. DDE p,p’ 

was detected in 24.0 percent of the fresh spinach 

samples and 10.8 percent of the canned spinach 

samples. Permethrin (total) was found in 49.5 

percent of the fresh spinach samples and 65.8 

percent of the canned spinach samples. 

♦ Import vs. Domestic Residue Comparisons 

Information about the origin of each PDP sample 

is recorded when the sample is collected. Figure 

3 illustrates the proportion of the domestic and 

import component for each PDP fruit and vegetable commodity this year. The data generated by 

PDP reflect pesticide residues in foods available 

to the U.S. consumer, including both domestic and 

imported products. Many commodities are almost 

entirely of domestic origin with only a minor 

import component. However, some fresh commodities, such as cantaloupe, cucumbers, grapes, 

sweet bell peppers, and tomatoes are from domestic growers part of the year and are imported 

during the remaining months. Comparisons of 

selected residues detected in imported versus domestic commodities can be found in Appendix H. 

Table 4. Selected Residue Comparisons for Fresh and Processed Commodities. The percentage of 

samples with detections and the range of reported values for selected pesticides recovered from fresh 

vs. processed green beans, oranges and spinach are shown. Commodity/residue pairs were selected 

based on the following criteria: data availability for fresh and processed product within the same 

sampling timeframe; greater than 10% detection rate for a residue in either the fresh or processed 

commodity; and number of samples analyzed sufficient to ensure adequate representation. 

Pesticide 

% of Saples 

with 

Detects 

Minimum 

Value 

Detected, 

ppm 

Maximum 

Value 

Detected, 

ppm 

% of 

Samples 

with 

Detects 

Minimum 

Value 

Detected, 

ppm 

Maximum 

Value 

Detected, 

ppm 

Acephate 29.4 0.003 2.0 14.1 0.003 0.16 

Chlorothalonil 28.8 0.003 0.46 0 0 0 

Endosulfan I 10.2 0.003 0.21 0 0 0 

Endosulfan sulfate 15.9 0.003 0.95 0 0 0 

Methamidophos 27.9 0.008 0.56 15.1 0.003 0.094 

o-Phenylphenol 64.4 0.017 0.017 NA NA NA 

GREEN BEANS -- Fresh (2004) GREEN BEANS -- Canned (2004) 

Carbaryl 1.9 0.003 0.059 11.3 0.003 0.010 

Imazalil 74.7 0.050 0.95 0.5 0.050 0.050 

o-Phenylphenol 19.1 0.017 0.062 38.7 0.017 0.017 

Thiabendazole 34.0 0.050 0.75 0 0 0 

ORANGES -- Fresh (2004) ORANGE JUICE (2004) 

Cypermethrin 14.9 0.050 2.9 23.2 0.050 0.90 

DDE p,p’ 24.0 0.012 0.077 10.8 0.012 0.012 

Permethrin Total 49.5 0.048 16 65.8 0.048 11 

SPINACH -- Fresh (2003) SPINACH -- Canned (2004) 

NA No analysis performed for commodity/pesticide pair. 
Pesticide Data Program—Annual Summary, Calendar Year 2004 

22 

Overall, samples of cucumbers from Mexico, 

grapes from Chile, and cantaloupes from Central 

America showed higher percent detections than the 

respective domestic samples. These sample sets 

were selected to compare data where residues are 

present in greater than 10 percent of the commodity and allow comparison of individual residues. 

These data showed that while the overall residues 

are higher in some of these imported crops compared to domestic producers, the residue profile 

was different. 

The cucumber data in Appendix H indicate that 

during 2002-2004, residues were detected in 59.3 

percent of the domestic samples and 85.0 percent 

of the Mexican samples. Endosulfan I, endosulfan 

II, or endosulfan sulfate was detected in 31.2 

percent of the domestic cucumber samples and 

63.8 percent of the Mexican cucumber samples. 

Similarly, metalaxyl and methamidophos were 

detected more frequently in Mexican cucumbers 

than in domestic cucumbers. 

For grapes, 89.2 percent of the Chilean samples 

and 69.5 percent of the domestic samples had residues detected in 2004. Captan residues were 

detected in 44.3 percent of the Chilean grape samples compared to 2.9 percent of the domestic samples. Conversely, ethephon residues were detected 

in 17.3 percent of the Chilean samples compared 

to 57.0 percent of the domestic grape samples. 

For cantaloupe, 37.4 percent of the domestic 

product had residues compared to 80.8 percent of 

the Central American (Costa Rica, Guatemala, 

Honduras, and Nicaragua) samples in 2003-2004. 

Cantaloupe samples from Central America had 

more residues of endosulfan sulfate and methomyl 

than samples from the U.S. 

♦ Ethephon Results 

In 2004, PDP responded to a critical EPA need for 

ethephon data. The Minnesota laboratory used a 

selective analyte method to measure ethephon 

residues on apples and grapes. Apple and grape 

frozen homogenates were shipped to the Minnesota 

laboratory on a monthly basis for ethephon 

determinations. As shown in Appendix B, ethephon was detected in 28.9 percent of the apple 

samples and 35.7 percent of the grape samples. 

♦ Postharvest Applications

Pesticides can be applied before and after harvest 

depending on the crop and approved label use. 

PDP data capture both preharvest and postharvest 

uses because samples are collected at points when 

all pesticide applications have already occurred. 

Pesticides applied postharvest are used primarily as 

fungicides, but some insecticides and sprouting 

inhibitors are also important postharvest crop 

treatments. Some detections reported in Appendices B, C, and D were most likely generated by 

postharvest applications to the raw agricultural 

commodity. 

♦ Environmental Contaminants

 

DDT, DDD, and DDE: A total of 9,845 fruit and 

vegetable (Appendix B), 596 soybean (Appendix 

C), 725 wheat flour (Appendix D), and 739 milk 

samples (Appendix E), were screened for DDE 

p,p’, a metabolite of DDT. Other DDT metabolites 

measured only in fruit and vegetables include 

DDD o,p’ and DDD p,p’. Use of DDT has been 

prohibited in the U.S. since 1972; however, due to 

its persistence in the environment, residues of the 

DDE p,p’ metabolite were detected in 1.5 percent 

(147 detections in 9,845 samples) of the fruit and 

vegetable samples tested. Residues of DDE p,p’ 

were found in green beans (2.2%), lettuce (11.3%), 

canned spinach (10.8%), sweet bell peppers 

(0.4%), sweet potatoes (0.3%), winter squash 

(1.9%), wheat flour (0.1%), and milk (96.1%). 

Residues of DDT o,p’ and DDT p,p’ were detected 

in lettuce (1.7% and 0.9% respectively). More than 

96 percent of the milk samples had low level 

detections of DDE p,p’. These finding are largely 

attributable to the recent improvements in 

analytical technologies and associated lower 

detection limits. All detections of DDT and its 

metabolites were well below the established action 

levels. 

OTHER EXTRANEOUS PESTICIDES: In 1974, 

all aldrin and dieldrin uses were canceled in the 

U.S., and in 1978, all heptachlor uses were canceled. In 1986, chlordane uses, except termiticide 

uses, were canceled. Despite these cancellations 

and due to their persistence in the environment, 

residues of dieldrin were detected in cantaloupe, 

cucumbers, sweet potatoes, winter squash, milk, 
Pesticide Data Program—Annual Summary, Calendar Year 2004 

23 

and soybeans in 2004. Dieldrin was found in 41.5 

percent of milk samples, 7.5 percent of cucumber 

samples, 7.1 percent of winter squash samples, and 

less than 1 percent of the cantaloupe, sweet potato, 

and soybean samples. Less than 1 percent of both 

cucumbers and winter squash contained heptachlor 

epoxide, a metabolite of heptachlor. Cis and trans 

chlordane were detected in less than 1 percent of 

the lettuce samples and 3.6 and 2.5 percent of the 

winter squash samples respectively. All detections 

were below the established action levels. No 

residues of aldrin were detected in fruit and 

vegetables or soybeans. Oxychlordane, a chlordane 

metabolite, was not detected in any of the 1,798 

fruit or vegetable samples analyzed. 

♦ Multiple Pesticide Residue Detections

By virtue of the MRMs employed, PDP provides 

novel data that can be used by EPA in evaluating 

exposure to multiple residues from the same commodity. The data are crucial for assessments which 

consider cumulative exposure to pesticides determined to have common mechanisms of toxicity. 

The distribution of multiple pesticides occurring in 

samples tested during 2004 is presented in Appendix K. These data enumerate the number of distinct 

pesticides rather than residues, as was reported in 

summaries prior to 2003. For example, endosulfan, 

its isomer endosulfan II, and its metabolite endosulfan sulfate are reported as a single pesticide 

detection rather than separate residue detections. 

These data indicate that 29.5 percent of all samples 

tested contained no detectable pesticides [parent 

compound and metabolite(s) combined], 30 percent 

contained 1 pesticide, and slightly over 40 percent 

contained more than 1 pesticide. Parent compounds 

and their metabolites are combined to report the 

number of “pesticides” rather than the number 

“residues,” as was reported in summaries prior to 

2003. For example, a sample with positive 

detections for Endosulfan, I, II, and sulfate would 

have been counted as three residues in the 2002 

Appendix L. That sample would be counted as just 

one pesticide detected in this Summary’s Appendix 

K. 

Most multiple residue detections result from the 

application of more than one pesticide on a crop 

during a growing season; however, a number of 

other factors could contribute to multiple 

detections. Pesticide spray drift, residue transfer 

through crop rotation, cross-contamination at 

packing facilities, and/or presence of persistent 

environmental contaminants could all contribute 

to residue detections. 

It should be noted that, in most cases, samples 

analyzed by PDP are composites of 3 to 5 pounds 

from the same lot. Therefore, the estimated 

concentrations in these composite sample results 

for multiple residue detections may or may not 

reflect the number of pesticides per concentration in a single serving item of a commodity. 

♦ Tolerance Violations 

A tolerance is defined under Section 408 of the 

Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act as the 

maximum quantity of a pesticide residue allowable on a raw agricultural commodity. Tolerances 

are also applicable to processed foods. EPA is in 

the process of reassessing tolerances under FQPA. 

A tolerance violation occurs when a residue is 

found that exceeds the tolerance level or when a 

residue is found for which there is no established 

tolerance. With the exception of meat, poultry, 

and egg products, for which USDA is responsible, 

FDA enforces tolerances for all imported and 

domestic foods that move through interstate 

commerce. Unlike enforcement programs, PDP 

emphasizes determination of residues at the 

lowest detectable levels rather than quick turnaround times. When PDP identifies samples with 

residues exceeding the tolerance or with residues 

for which there is no established tolerance, these 

detections are reported to FDA regional and 

headquarters’ offices. This notification is made in 

accordance with a Memorandum of Understanding between USDA and FDA for the purpose of 

pinpointing areas where closer surveillance may 

be needed. FDA enforcement action has not been 

a practical response to PDP analysis because of 

the time required between sample collection and 

data reporting. 

Residues exceeding the established tolerance are 

noted with an “X” in Appendices B, C, D, and E. 

Similarly, residues for which a tolerance is not 

established are noted with a “V.” The “X” and 

“V” annotations are followed by a number 

indicating the number of samples reported to 

FDA. 
Pesticide Data Program—Annual Summary, Calendar Year 2004 

24 

An established tolerance may apply to more than 

one residue because pesticides may break down 

into more than one metabolite or contain more than 

one isomer. For example, the tolerance for 

endosulfan combines residues of endosulfan I, 

endosulfan II, and endosulfan sulfate and organophosphate tolerances may combine the parent 

compound and the sulfone and sulfoxide metabolites. Therefore, where applicable, the violations in 

Appendix L are combined residues of parent and 

any isomers and/or metabolites to count the total 

number of samples with tolerance violations. 

Excluding water samples, residues exceeding the 

tolerance were detected in 0.2 percent of the 

12,446 samples tested in 2004 – 21 samples with 1 

residue each. Residues with no established tolerance were found in 5.2 percent of the samples (625 

samples with 1 residue each, 26 samples with 2 

residues each, and 1 sample with 3 residues). In 

most cases, these residues were detected at very 

low levels and some residues may have resulted 

from spray drift or crop rotations. The residue 

levels and commodities are listed in Appendix L. 

♦ Drinking Water Results 

Figure 6 shows the location of drinking water sites 

for the 2004 PDP testing program. Untreated and 

treated drinking water samples were collected from 

community water systems in Michigan, North 

Carolina, Ohio, Oregon, Pennsylvania, and Washington. Each watershed reflects the local topography, watershed size, geomorphology, soil types, 

geology, land use, land management practices, 

crop varieties, pesticides applied, and application 

methods. Due to the complexities associated with 

water quality assessments, these data reflect only 

the unique characteristics of the watersheds from 

which the samples were obtained. 

PDP analyzed 762 water samples from community 

water systems using MRMs to test for more than 

200 pesticides and metabolites. Treatment plants 

participating in the 2004 survey draw from surface 

water as their primary source waters. The data 

presented here are for the untreated water collected 

at treatment plant intakes and treated water (postdisinfection) collected just prior to distribution to 

customers. Fifty-one different residues were 

detected in the untreated intake water and 38 in the 

finished water. Most of the detections were of 

commonly used herbicides and their metabolites. 

The majority of pesticides included in the PDP 

testing profiles were not detected and none of the 

detections in the finished water samples exceeded 

EPA Maximum Contaminant Levels (MCLs) or 

Health Advisory (HA) values. 

Appendix F lists the MCL and/or HA values; 

however, many of the compounds in the PDP 

testing profiles do not have established regulatory 

standards. For comparative purposes, EPA Fresh 

Aquatic Organism (FAO) criteria, which are much 

lower than human-based MCLs or HAs, are also 

given. These criteria are lower than MCL or HA 

levels due primarily to higher exposure to these 

compounds because aquatic organisms live all or 

most of their lives in water. During 2004, there 

were no detections for any of the pesticides with 

established FAO levels. Additional information 

regarding EPA drinking water standards is 

available at: http://www.epa.gov/safewater/

standard/setting.html. 

Water treatment technologies vary widely and may 

be based on the local water chemistry, targeted 

contaminants needing removal, and cost. Appendix F shows the concentration of detected residues 

in treated and untreated water. In most cases, there 

were more detections in the untreated water than 

the treated water. In a few cases, residues detected 

in the treated water were not detected in the 

untreated water. The data acquired to date indicate 

that the water treatment process removed matrix 

interferences, allowing for a more sensitive 

measurement in the treated water. Depending on 

the treatment process employed, individual 

pesticides are entirely, partially, or not removed 

during the treatment process. 

Figure 8 illustrates the effect of treatment on 

atrazine levels for both a Michigan site and an 

Ohio site. At the Ohio site, atrazine concentrations 

are greatly reduced (several orders of magnitude), 

whereas at the Michigan site, only small changes 

in concentration were observed between the 

untreated and treated samples. 

♦ Synopsis 

A total of 10,366 fresh and processed fruit and 

vegetable samples, 616 soybean samples, 725 
Pesticide Data Program—Annual Summary, Calendar Year 2004 

25 

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

Concentration (ppt)

Treated

Untreated

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

Concentration (ppt)

Treated

Untreated

1st Quarter 2nd Quarter 3rd Quarter 4th Quarter 

Figure 8. Effects of Water Treatment on Atrazine Concentration in Drinking Water Samples. This 

figure illustrates the different removal rates of atrazine by community water system water treatment 

processes at one site in Ohio and one site in Michigan. The hydraulic residence time (the average time 

from entry into the treatment facility to discharge as treated water) was determined to be five to six 

hours. In both cases, the amount of atrazine residue removed by treatment brought the concentration 

below the MCL. 

Ohio 

Michigan 

1st Quarter 2nd Quarter 3rd Quarter 4th Quarter 

MCL (atrazine) 

MCL (atrazine) 
Pesticide Data Program—Annual Summary, Calendar Year 2004 

26 

♦♦♦♦♦

wheat flour samples, 739 milk samples, and 762 

drinking water samples were analyzed for various 

pesticides including insecticides, herbicides, and 

fungicides. MRMs were used to detect a wide 

variety of compounds including carbamates, conazoles, imidazoles, organochlorines, organophosphates, phenoxy acid herbicides, pyrethroids, 

strobilurins, and triazines. 

Excluding soybeans and drinking water which are 

all domestic, approximately 84.4 percent of all 

samples tested were domestic, 14.4 percent were 

imported, 1.1 percent were of unknown origin, and 

0.1 percent were of mixed national origin. 

Overall, 30 percent of all samples tested contained 

no detectable pesticides [parent compound and 

metabolite(s) combined], 30 percent contained 1 

pesticide, and 40 percent contained more than 1 

pesticide. Generally, fewer pesticides were found 

in processed products and grain than in fresh 

commodities. Low levels of environmental contaminants were detected in milk, lettuce, and 

spinach at concentrations generally well below 

levels that trigger regulatory actions. Of all the 

samples tested, 0.2 percent were reported as 

containing residues exceeding the tolerance and 

5.2 percent as containing residues where no 

tolerance was listed in 40 CFR, Part 180. 

In finished drinking water, PDP detected low 

levels (measured in parts per trillion) of some 

pesticides, primarily widely used herbicides. Fiftyone different residues were detected in the 

untreated intake water and 38 in the treated water. 

The majority of pesticides included in the PDP 

testing profiles were not detected. None of the 

detections in the finished water samples exceeded 

established EPA MCL or HA levels and there were 

no detections for any of the pesticides with 

established FAO criteria. 

The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in all its programs and activities on the basis of race, 

color, national origin, age, disability, and where applicable, sex, marital status, familial status, parental status, religion,

sexual orientation, genetic information, political beliefs, reprisal, or because all or part of an individual’s income is derived 

from any public assistance program (Not all prohibited bases apply to all programs.) Persons with disabilities who require 

alternative means for communication of program information (Braille, large print, audiotape, etc.) should contact USDA’s 

TARGET Center at (202) 720-2600 (voice and TDD). To file a complaint of discrimination, write to USDA, Director, Office of 

Civil Rights, 1400 Independence Avenue, S.W., Washington, D.C. 20250-9410, or call (800) 795-3272 (voice) or (202) 720-

6382 (TDD). USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. 
Appendix A

Commodity History 

 Appendix A identifies commodities sampled by the Pesticide Data Program 

through December 2005. Updates to this list are posted on the PDP Web site at 

http://www.ams.usda.gov/science/pdp. 
Fresh Commodities

Commodity Start Date End Date

Apples 1 Sep-91 Dec-96

Apples (S-1) Jan-99 Dec-99

Apples (S-2) Jan-99 May-99

Apples Oct-00 Sep-02

Apples Jan-04 Dec-05

Apples (T-1) Jan-03 Dec-03

Asparagus Jan-02 Jun-03

Bananas Sep-91 Sep-95

Bananas Jan-01 Dec-02

Broccoli Oct-92 Dec-94

Broccoli Jan-01 Dec-02

Cantaloupe Jul-98 Jun-00

Cantaloupe Oct-03 Sep-05

Carrots 1 Oct-92 Sep-96

Carrots Oct-00 Sep-02

Cauliflower Oct-04 Ongoing

Celery Feb-92 Mar-94

Celery Jan-01 Dec-02

Cherries 2 May-00 Aug-01

Cucumbers Jan-99 Dec-00

Cucumbers Oct-02 Sep-04

Eggplant Jan-05 Ongoing

Grapefruit Aug-91 Dec-93

Grapefruit Jan-05 Ongoing

Grapes 1 May-91 Dec-96

Grapes Jan-00 Dec-01

Grapes Jan-04 Dec-05

Green Beans Feb-92 Dec-95

Green Beans Jan-00 Dec-01

Green Beans Apr-04 Mar-05

Lettuce May-91 Dec-94

Lettuce Oct-99 Sep-01

Lettuce Jan-04 Dec-05

Mushrooms Oct-01 Sep-03

Nectarines 3 Jul-00 Sep-01

Onions Jan-02 Dec-03

Oranges 1 Aug-91 Dec-96

Oranges Jan-00 Dec-01

COMMODITY HISTORY AS OF DECEMBER 2005

Appendix A. Page 1 of 4 
Commodity Start Date End Date

Oranges Jan-04 Dec-05

Peaches Feb-92 Sep-96

Peaches (S-3) Jan-00 Sep-00

Peaches4 Jan-01 Sep-02

Peaches (T-1) May-03 Sep-03

Pears Jan-97 Jun-99

Pears (S-1) Jul-98 Jun-99

Pears Oct-03 Sep-05

Pineapples Jul-00 Jun-02

Plums Jan-05 Ongoing

Potatoes May-91 Dec-95

Potatoes (S-4) Dec-96 Dec-97

Potatoes Jul-00 Jun-02

Spinach 1 Jan-95 Sep-97

Spinach Jul-02 Dec-03

Strawberries5 Jan-98 Sep-00

Strawberries Jan-04 Dec-05

Sweet Bell Peppers Jan-99 Dec-00

Sweet Bell Peppers Oct-02 Sep-04

Sweet Potatoes 1 Jan-96 Jun-98

Sweet Potatoes Jan-03 Dec-04

Tomatoes 1 Jul-96 Jun-99

Tomatoes Jan-03 Dec-04

Watermelon 6 Oct-05 Ongoing

Winter Squash 5 Jan-97 Jun-99

Winter Squash Jul-04 Ongoing

NOTES

1

 Excludes sampling hiatus September - November 1996.

2

 Sampling adjusted for market availability. Cherries were sampled for two years 

 (May-00 - Aug-01) for a total of six months.

3

 Sampling adjusted for market availability. Nectarines were sampled for two years 

 (Jul-00 - Sep-01) for a total of six months.

4

 Sampling adjusted for market availability. Peaches were sampled for two years

 (Jan-01 - Sep-02) for a total of sixteen months.

5

 Frozen collected when fresh unavailable.

6

 Samples collected in California, Florida, New York, Maryland and Texas only.

(S-1) Special single serving project testing for organophosphates.

(S-2) Special single serving project testing for carbamates.

(S-3) Special single serving project testing for carbamate, organochlorine, organophosphate, 

 organonitrogen, and sulfur compounds.

(S-4) Special single serving project testing for aldicarb.

(T-1) Triazole parent and metabolite compounds only.

Appendix A. Page 2 of 4 
Processed Commodities

Commodity Start Date End Date

Apple Juice 1 Jul-96 Dec-98

Apple Juice Jan-02 Dec-02

Apple Sauce Jul-02 Dec-02

Asparagus, Canned Jul-03 Dec-03

Corn Syrup 2 Jan-98 Jun-99

Grape Juice Jan-98 Dec-99

Green Beans, Canned/Frozen 1 Jan-96 Jun-98

Green Beans, Canned Jan-03 Mar-04

Green Beans, Frozen Apr-05 Dec-05

Orange Juice Jan-97 Dec-98

Orange Juice Oct-04 Ongoing

Peaches, Canned Dec-96 Dec-97

Peaches, Canned Jan-03 Dec-04

Peaches, Canned (T-1) Jan-03 Mar-03

Peaches, Canned (T-1) Oct-03 Dec-03

Peanut Butter Jan-00 Dec-00

Pear Juice, Concentrate/Puree Jul-02 Jun-03

Pears, Canned Jul-99 Jun-00

Peas, Canned/Frozen Apr-94 Jun-96

Peas, Canned/Frozen3 Oct-01 Sep-03

Spinach, Canned Oct-97 Dec-98

Spinach, Frozen Jan-99 Dec-99

Spinach, Canned Jan-04 Jun-04

Strawberries, Frozen 4 Jan-98 Sep-00

Sweet Corn, Canned/Frozen Apr-94 Mar-96

Sweet Corn, Canned/Frozen 3 Oct-01 Sep-03

Tomato Paste, Canned Jan-01 Jun-01

Tomatoes, Canned Jul-99 Jun-00

Winter Squash, Frozen 4 Jan-97 Jun-99

NOTES

1 Excludes sampling hiatus September - November 1996.

2 Excludes sampling hiatus January 1999.

3 Canned samples collected in first year and frozen samples in second year of testing. 

4 Frozen collected when fresh unavailable.

(T-1) Triazole parent and metabolite compounds only.

Appendix A. Page 3 of 4
Grains

Commodity Start Date End Date

Barley Oct-01 Sep-03

Oats Jul-99 Apr-00

Rice Oct-00 Sep-02

Soybeans Sep-96 Feb-98

Soybeans1 Oct-03 Dec-05

Wheat Feb-95 Jan-98

Wheat Sep-04 Ongoing

Wheat Flour Jan-03 Dec-04

Wheat Flour (T-1) Jan-03 Dec-03

Dairy

Commodity Start Date End Date

Butter Jan-03 Dec-03

Heavy Cream Jul-05 Dec-05

Milk 2 Jan-96 Oct-98

Milk (TSP) Jul-03 Dec-03

Milk Jan-04 Dec-05

Drinking Water

States Start Date End Date

California, New York Mar-01 Dec-03

Colorado, Kansas, Texas May-02 Dec-03

Oregon, Pennsylvania Jan-04 Dec-04

Michigan, North Carolina, Ohio, Washington Jan-04 Ongoing

Bottled Water - Ten Participating States Jan-05 Ongoing

Meat / Poultry Products

Commodity Type Start Date End Date

Poultry Young Chickens Apr-00 Mar-01

Beef Cows, Heifers, Steers Jun-01 Jul-02

Pork Gilt, Barrow Jan-05 Jun-05

NOTES

1

 Soybeans collection from October - December 2005 includes only grain slated for export

 (special soybean project).

2

 Excludes sampling hiatus September - November 1996.

(T-1) Triazole parent and metabolite compounds only.

(TSP) Triazole Sampling Project. Samples sent to contract laboratory.

Appendix A. Page 4 of 4
Appendix B

Distribution of Residues by Pesticide 

in Fruit and Vegetables 

Appendix B shows residue detections for all fruit and vegetable pesticide/commodity 

pairs tested, including range of values detected, range of Limits of Detection (LODs), 

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) tolerances, and Codex Maximum Residue 

Limit/Extraneous Maximum Residue Limit (MRL/EMRL) references for each pair. 

In 2004, 10,366 fruit and vegetable samples were analyzed, of which 8,881 were fresh 

product and 1,485 were processed product. 

PDP reports tolerance violations to the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) as part of an 

interagency Memorandum of Understanding between the U.S. Department of Agriculture and 

FDA. Residues reported to FDA are shown in the “Pesticide/Commodity” column to the right of 

the commodity and are annotated as “X” (if the residue exceeded the established tolerance) or 

“V” [if the residue did not have a tolerance listed in the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR), Title 

40, Part 180]. In both cases, these annotations are followed by a number indicating the number 

of samples reported to FDA. 

Data to establish Codex MRLs are evaluated by the Food and Agriculture/World Health 

Organization-sponsored Joint Meeting on Pesticide Residues (JMPR) based on toxicology, 

residue occurrence in crops determined by supervised field trials, and dietary exposure. The 

Codex Committee on Pesticide Residues (CCPR) meets annually to discuss proposed MRLs 

and recommends approval to the Codex Alimentarius Commission. This means that Codex 

MRLs represent levels that are considered safe to humans. MRLs/EMRLs shown in this 

appendix are from the Codex Alimentarius: Proc. of Codex Committee on Pesticide Residues, 

37th Session, April 18-23, 2005, The Hague, The Netherlands. Only Codex MRLs (CXLs) are 

listed. 

The information herein is only intended to be an initial reference. Readers are reminded 

that international regulations and MRLs may change and that it is important that information 

obtained from this table be verified with knowledgeable parties in the market of interest prior to 

sale or shipment of exports. 
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Acephate (insecticide)

Apples 744 0 0.002 - 0.003 0.02 -

Cantaloupe 742 1 0.1 0.008 ^ 0.002 - 0.005 0.02 -

Cucumbers (X-2) 557 9 1.6 0.003 - 0.052 0.002 ^ 0.02 -

Grapes 738 0 0.002 - 0.005 0.02 -

Grean Beans, Canned 185 26 14.1 0.003 - 0.16 0.002 - 0.005 3 -

Green Beans 548 161 29.4 0.003 - 2.0 0.002 - 0.005 3 -

Lettuce 743 60 8.1 0.003 - 0.11 0.002 - 0.003 10 5

Orange Juice 186 0 0.002 ^ 0.02 -

Oranges 742 0 0.002 ^ 0.02 -

Pears 741 0 0.002 - 0.075 0.02 -

Spinach, Canned 371 0 0.005 ^ 0.02 -

Strawberries 731 5 0.7 0.002 - 0.005 0.001 - 0.002 0.02 -

Sweet Bell Peppers 558 131 23.5 0.005 - 1.8 0.003 ^ 4.0 -

Winter Squash (X-1) 364 2 0.5 0.027 - 0.22 0.002 - 0.005 0.02 -

TOTAL 7,950 395

Acetamiprid (insecticide) 

Apples 52 52 100 0.001 - 0.10 0.0006 ^ 1.0 -

Cauliflower 185 0 0.0006 ^ 1.20 -

Lettuce 175 27 15.4 0.001 - 0.20 0.0006 ^ 0.20 -

TOTAL 412 79

Acibenzolar S methyl (plant activator)

Apples 176 0 0.007 ^ NT -

Cauliflower 185 0 0.007 ^ 1.0 -

Lettuce 175 0 0.007 ^ 0.25 -

Tomatoes 744 0 0.018 ^ 1.0 -

TOTAL 1,280 0

Alachlor (herbicide)

Cantaloupe 527 0 0.016 ^ NT -

Spinach, Canned 371 0 0.016 ^ NT -

Winter Squash 262 0 0.016 ^ NT -

TOTAL 1,160 0

Aldicarb (insecticide) 

Apples 528 0 0.0003 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe 527 0 0.020 ^ NT -

Cauliflower 185 0 0.0003 ^ NT -

Cucumbers 395 0 0.010 - 0.018 NT -

Grapes 526 0 0.010 ^ NT 0.2

Grean Beans, Canned 131 0 0.020 ^ NT -

Green Beans 387 0 0.020 ^ NT -

Lettuce 527 0 0.0003 ^ NT -

Orange Juice 186 0 0.010 - 0.012 0.3 0.2

Oranges 742 0 0.010 - 0.012 0.3 0.2

Pears 525 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Spinach, Canned 371 0 0.020 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 558 0 0.0003 ^ NT -

Sweet Potatoes 739 0 0.007 - 0.010 0.1 0.1

Winter Squash 262 0 0.020 ^ NT -

TOTAL 6,589 0

Aldicarb sulfone (metabolite of Aldicarb) 

Apples 484 0 0.0009 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe 527 0 0.038 ^ NT -

Cauliflower 169 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Cucumbers 395 0 0.010 - 0.021 NT -

Grean Beans, Canned 131 0 0.020 ^ NT -

APPENDIX B. DISTRIBUTION OF RESIDUES BY PESTICIDE IN FRUIT AND VEGETABLES

Appendix B. Page 1 of 47
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Green Beans 387 0 0.020 ^ NT -

Lettuce 512 0 0.0009 ^ NT -

Orange Juice 186 0 0.010 - 0.021 0.3 0.2

Oranges 742 0 0.010 - 0.050 0.3 0.2

Spinach, Canned 371 0 0.038 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 558 0 0.0009 ^ NT -

Sweet Potatoes 739 7 0.9 0.003 - 0.060 0.002 - 0.009 0.1 0.1

Winter Squash 262 0 0.038 ^ NT -

TOTAL 5,463 7

Aldicarb sulfoxide (metabolite of Aldicarb)

Apples 528 0 0.0003 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe 527 0 0.038 ^ NT -

Cauliflower 185 0 0.001 ^ NT -

Cucumbers 395 0 0.010 - 0.026 NT -

Grapes 526 0 0.010 ^ NT 0.2

Grean Beans, Canned 131 0 0.020 ^ NT -

Green Beans 387 0 0.020 ^ NT -

Lettuce 438 0 0.0003 ^ NT -

Orange Juice 186 0 0.010 - 0.027 0.3 0.2

Oranges 742 0 0.010 - 0.027 0.3 0.2

Pears 525 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Spinach, Canned 371 0 0.038 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 510 0 0.0003 ^ NT -

Sweet Potatoes 739 8 1.1 0.003 - 0.077 0.002 - 0.005 0.1 0.1

Winter Squash 262 0 0.038 ^ NT -

TOTAL 6,452 8

Aldrin (insecticide) (parent of Dieldrin)

Apples 744 0 0.007 - 0.024 0.03 AL 0.05

Cantaloupe 215 0 0.008 ^ 0.1 AL 0.1

Cauliflower 185 0 0.024 ^ 0.03 AL -

Grapes 526 0 0.002 ^ 0.05 AL -

Grean Beans, Canned 185 0 0.002 - 0.008 0.05 AL 0.05

Green Beans 547 0 0.002 - 0.008 0.05 AL 0.05

Lettuce 743 0 0.007 - 0.024 0.03 AL 0.05

Orange Juice 186 0 0.008 ^ 0.02 AL 0.05

Oranges 742 0 0.008 ^ 0.02 AL 0.05

Peaches, Canned 743 0 0.006 ^ 0.02 AL -

Pears 741 0 0.002 - 0.008 0.03 AL 0.05

Sweet Bell Peppers 558 0 0.007 ^ 0.05 AL -

Sweet Potatoes 743 0 0.003 - 0.008 0.1 AL 0.1

Tomatoes 744 0 0.006 ^ 0.05 AL -

Winter Squash 102 0 0.008 ^ 0.1 AL 0.1

TOTAL 7,704 0

Allethrin (insecticide)

Apples 216 0 0.010 ^ Ex -

Cantaloupe 742 0 0.010 - 0.016 4 -

Grapes 738 0 0.010 - 0.015 4 -

Orange Juice 186 0 0.010 ^ Ex -

Oranges 742 0 0.010 ^ Ex -

Peaches, Canned 743 0 0.031 ^ Ex -

Pears 719 8 1.1 0.015 - 0.035 0.010 - 0.030 Ex -

Spinach, Canned 371 0 0.016 ^ Ex -

Tomatoes 744 1 0.1 0.052 ^ 0.031 ^ Ex -

Winter Squash 262 0 0.016 ^ NT -

TOTAL 5,463 9

Ametryn (herbicide)

Cucumbers 395 0 0.010 - 0.011 NT -

Orange Juice 132 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Oranges 527 0 0.010 ^ NT -

TOTAL 1,054 0

Appendix B. Page 2 of 47
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Anilazine (fungicide)

Grean Beans, Canned 131 0 0.023 ^ NT -

Green Beans 387 0 0.023 ^ NT -

TOTAL 518 0

Atrazine (herbicide)

Apples 528 0 0.002 - 0.006 NT -

Cantaloupe 527 0 0.024 ^ NT -

Cauliflower 185 0 0.006 ^ NT -

Cucumbers 395 0 0.010 - 0.011 NT -

Grapes 526 0 0.008 ^ NT -

Grean Beans, Canned 131 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Green Beans 387 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Lettuce (V-4) 527 4 0.8 0.003 - 0.011 0.002 ^ NT -

Orange Juice 132 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Oranges 527 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Pears 525 0 0.008 ^ NT -

Spinach, Canned 371 0 0.024 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 558 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Winter Squash 262 0 0.024 ^ NT -

TOTAL 5,581 4

Azinphos methyl (insecticide)

Apples 744 303 40.7 0.013 - 0.32 0.008 - 0.012 1.5 2

Cantaloupe 742 0 0.008 - 0.012 2.0 0.2

Cucumbers 557 0 0.008 ^ 2.0 0.2

Grapes 526 3 0.6 0.018 - 0.052 0.011 ^ 4.0 1

Grean Beans, Canned 185 0 0.005 - 0.008 2.0 0.5

Green Beans 548 0 0.005 - 0.008 2.0 0.5

Lettuce 527 0 0.012 ^ NT 0.5

Orange Juice 186 0 0.008 ^ 2.0 1

Oranges 742 0 0.008 ^ 2.0 1

Peaches, Canned 743 0 0.023 ^ 2.0 2

Pears 719 252 35.0 0.013 - 0.42 0.008 - 0.011 1.5 2

Spinach, Canned 371 0 0.012 ^ 2.0 0.5

Strawberries 211 0 0.008 ^ 2.0 1

Sweet Bell Peppers 558 0 0.012 ^ 0.3 1

Tomatoes 744 0 0.023 ^ 2.0 1

Winter Squash 262 0 0.012 ^ NT 0.5

TOTAL 8,365 558

Azoxystrobin (fungicide)

Apples 147 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Cauliflower 169 0 0.002 ^ 3.0 -

Grapes 526 16 3 0.002 - 0.19 0.002 ^ 1.0 -

Lettuce 116 1 0.9 0.032 ^ 0.002 ^ 30.0 -

Orange Juice 132 0 0.010 ^ 1.0 -

Oranges 527 0 0.010 ^ 1.0 -

Pears 525 0 0.002 ^ NT -

TOTAL 2,142 17

Bendiocarb (insecticide)

Apples 744 0 0.002 - 0.040 SU -

Cantaloupe 215 0 0.002 ^ SU -

Cauliflower 185 0 0.040 ^ SU -

Grapes 738 0 0.002 - 0.005 SU -

Lettuce 743 0 0.002 - 0.040 SU -

Orange Juice 186 0 0.002 - 0.010 SU -

Oranges 742 0 0.002 - 0.010 SU -

Pears 741 0 0.002 - 0.005 SU -

Strawberries 729 0 0.001 - 0.002 SU -

Winter Squash 102 0 0.002 ^ SU -

TOTAL 5,125 0

Appendix B. Page 3 of 47
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Benfluralin (herbicide) 

Lettuce 162 0 0.020 ^ 0.05 -

TOTAL 162 0

BHC alpha (insecticide)

Apples 744 0 0.002 - 0.007 0.05 AL -

Cantaloupe 742 0 0.002 - 0.004 0.05 AL -

Cauliflower 185 0 0.007 ^ 0.05 AL -

Grapes 526 0 0.002 ^ 0.05 AL -

Grean Beans, Canned 131 0 0.001 ^ 0.05 AL -

Green Beans 387 0 0.0008 - 0.001 0.05 AL -

Lettuce 743 0 0.002 - 0.007 0.05 AL -

Orange Juice 186 0 0.002 ^ 0.05 AL -

Oranges 742 0 0.002 ^ 0.05 AL -

Peaches, Canned 743 0 0.003 ^ 0.05 AL -

Pears 741 0 0.002 ^ 0.05 AL -

Spinach, Canned 371 0 0.004 ^ 0.05 AL -

Strawberries 211 0 0.002 ^ 0.05 AL -

Sweet Bell Peppers 558 0 0.007 ^ 0.05 AL -

Sweet Potatoes 505 0 0.002 ^ 0.05 AL -

Tomatoes 744 0 0.003 ^ 0.05 AL -

Winter Squash 364 0 0.002 - 0.004 0.5 AL -

TOTAL 8,623 0

BHC beta (isomer of BHC alpha)

Grean Beans, Canned 131 0 0.001 ^ 0.05 AL -

Green Beans 387 0 0.0008 - 0.001 0.05 AL -

Peaches, Canned 743 0 0.003 ^ 0.05 AL -

Sweet Potatoes 527 0 0.002 ^ 0.05 AL -

Tomatoes 744 0 0.003 ^ 0.05 AL -

TOTAL 2,532 0

Bifenazate (acaricide)

Apples 216 1 0.5 0.033 ^ 0.020 ^ 0.75 -

Cantaloupe 87 0 0.013 ^ 0.75 -

Grapes 212 3 1.4 0.033 ^ 0.020 ^ 0.75 -

Pears 216 3 1.4 0.033 ^ 0.020 ^ 0.75 -

Strawberries 211 14 6.6 0.033 - 0.40 0.020 ^ 1.5 -

Winter Squash 232 0 0.013 - 0.020 0.75 -

TOTAL 1,174 21

Bifenthrin (insecticide)

Apples 546 0 0.003 - 0.010 0.05 -

Cantaloupe 742 0 0.010 - 0.016 0.4 -

Cauliflower 185 0 0.003 ^ 0.6 -

Cucumbers 557 2 0.4 0.017 ^ 0.010 - 0.011 0.4 -

Grapes 738 0 0.010 - 0.011 0.2 -

Grean Beans, Canned 185 9 4.9 0.013 - 0.017 0.008 - 0.010 0.6 -

Green Beans 548 20 3.6 0.012 - 0.12 0.008 - 0.010 0.6 -

Lettuce 743 0 0.003 - 0.010 3.0 -

Orange Juice 186 0 0.010 ^ 0.05 0.05

Oranges 742 0 0.010 ^ 0.05 0.05

Pears 741 0 0.010 - 0.011 0.5 0.5

Spinach, Canned 371 0 0.016 ^ 0.2 -

Strawberries 731 50 6.8 0.017 - 0.30 0.010 - 0.040 3.00 1

Sweet Bell Peppers 558 74 13.3 0.005 - 0.096 0.003 ^ 0.5 -

Sweet Potatoes 743 1 0.1 0.017 ^ 0.010 - 0.016 0.05 -

Winter Squash 364 8 2.2 0.017 ^ 0.010 - 0.016 0.4 -

TOTAL 8,680 164

Boscalid (fungicide) 

Cantaloupe 87 0 0.039 ^ 1.6 -

Cauliflower 169 0 0.006 ^ 3.0 -

Appendix B. Page 4 of 47
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Lettuce 131 1 0.8 0.038 ^ 0.006 ^ 11.0 -

Winter Squash 130 0 0.039 ^ 1.6 -

TOTAL 517 1

Bromacil (herbicide)

Cucumbers 395 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Orange Juice 186 0 0.010 - 0.015 0.1 -

Oranges 742 0 0.010 - 0.015 0.1 -

TOTAL 1,323 0

Buprofezin (insecticide)

Cantaloupe 215 0 0.015 ^ 0.50 -

Cucumbers 557 0 0.009 - 0.015 0.50 1

Grapes 738 3 0.4 0.015 - 0.031 0.015 ^ 0.40 -

Lettuce 216 0 0.015 ^ 13.0 -

Orange Juice 186 0 0.015 ^ 2.0 0.5

Oranges 742 0 0.015 ^ 2.0 0.5

Pears 525 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Winter Squash 102 0 0.015 ^ 0.50 -

TOTAL 3,281 3

Butylate (herbicide)

Cantaloupe 527 0 0.016 ^ NT -

Spinach, Canned 371 0 0.016 ^ NT -

Winter Squash 262 0 0.016 ^ NT -

TOTAL 1,160 0

Captafol (fungicide) (parent of THPI)

Cantaloupe 527 0 0.017 ^ NT -

Grapes 526 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Grean Beans, Canned 131 0 0.030 ^ NT -

Green Beans 387 0 0.030 ^ NT -

Pears 525 0 0.015 - 0.25 NT -

Spinach, Canned 371 0 0.017 ^ NT -

Tomatoes 744 0 0.040 ^ 15 -

Winter Squash 262 0 0.017 ^ NT -

TOTAL 3,473 0

Captan (fungicide) (parent of THPI)

Apples 392 42 10.7 0.020 - 1.3 0.012 - 0.019 25 25

Cantaloupe 563 0 0.012 ^ 25 -

Cucumbers 485 0 0.012 ^ 25 -

Grapes 720 142 19.7 0.012 - 1.2 0.008 - 0.025 50 -

Grean Beans, Canned 185 0 0.005 - 0.012 25 -

Green Beans 406 7 1.7 0.008 - 0.21 0.005 - 0.012 25 -

Lettuce 374 1 0.3 0.032 ^ 0.012 - 0.019 100 -

Orange Juice 132 0 0.012 ^ NT -

Oranges 527 0 0.012 ^ NT -

Peaches, Canned 743 0 0.012 ^ 50 15

Pears 741 65 8.8 0.012 - 1.2 0.008 - 0.025 25 25

Spinach, Canned 371 0 0.012 ^ 100 -

Strawberries 731 504 68.9 0.020 - 16 0.012 - 0.019 25 20

Sweet Bell Peppers 248 30 12.1 0.032 - 0.86 0.019 ^ 25 -

Tomatoes 744 0 0.012 ^ 25 15

Winter Squash 298 0 0.012 ^ 25 -

TOTAL 7,660 791

Carbaryl (insecticide)

Apples 744 66 8.9 0.0005 - 0.49 0.0003 - 0.002 10.0 5

Cantaloupe 742 26 3.5 0.003 - 0.61 0.002 - 0.008 10 -

Cauliflower 185 0 0.0003 ^ 10 -

Cucumbers 557 14 2.5 0.003 - 0.043 0.002 - 0.010 10 -

Appendix B. Page 5 of 47
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Grapes 738 35 4.7 0.003 - 0.58 0.002 - 0.010 10 5

Grean Beans, Canned 185 0 0.002 - 0.010 10 -

Green Beans 548 4 0.7 0.010 - 0.24 0.002 - 0.010 10 -

Lettuce 743 3 0.4 0.003 - 0.005 0.001 - 0.002 10 -

Orange Juice 186 21 11.3 0.003 - 0.010 0.002 - 0.010 10 7

Oranges 742 14 1.9 0.003 - 0.059 0.002 - 0.010 10 7

Peaches, Canned 743 96 12.9 0.017 - 0.24 0.010 ^ 10 10

Pears 741 41 5.5 0.003 - 0.46 0.002 - 0.010 10.0 5

Spinach, Canned 371 0 0.008 ^ 12 -

Strawberries 729 36 4.9 0.003 - 1.1 0.002 ^ 10 -

Sweet Bell Peppers 558 40 7.2 0.001 - 0.81 0.001 ^ 10 5

Sweet Potatoes 653 0 0.002 ^ 0.2 0.02

Tomatoes 744 0 0.010 ^ 10 5

Winter Squash 364 0 0.002 - 0.008 10 -

TOTAL 10,273 396

Carbendazim - MBC (fungicide)

Apples 528 107 20.3 0.0002 - 0.21 0.0001 ^ 7.0 3

Cauliflower 185 0 0.0001 ^ 0.2 -

Lettuce (V-7) 527 7 1.3 0.0002 - 0.0003 0.0001 ^ NT -

Pears 66 0 0.010 ^ 7.0 3

Sweet Bell Peppers 558 156 28.0 0.0002 - 0.24 0.0001 ^ 0.2 -

Sweet Potatoes 523 0 0.004 ^ 0.2 -

TOTAL 2,387 270

Carbofuran (insecticide) (parent of 3-Hydroxycarbofuran)

Apples 528 0 0.0003 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe 742 2 0.3 0.003 - 0.014 0.002 - 0.008 0.2 -

Cauliflower 185 0 0.0003 ^ NT -

Cucumbers 557 4 0.7 0.003 - 0.061 0.002 - 0.018 0.2 -

Grapes 562 0 0.002 - 0.013 0.2 -

Grean Beans, Canned 131 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Green Beans (V-1) 388 1 0.3 0.003 ^ 0.002 - 0.015 NT -

Lettuce 527 0 0.0003 ^ NT -

Orange Juice 132 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Oranges 527 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Pears 525 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Spinach, Canned 371 0 0.008 ^ NT -

Strawberries 729 0 0.001 - 0.002 0.2 -

Sweet Bell Peppers 558 7 1.3 0.0005 - 0.024 0.0003 ^ 0.2 -

Winter Squash 364 0 0.002 - 0.008 0.6 -

TOTAL 6,826 14

Carbophenothion (insecticide)

Apples 528 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Cauliflower 185 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Lettuce 527 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 558 0 0.002 ^ NT -

TOTAL 1,798 0

Carboxin (fungicide)

Cantaloupe 527 0 0.016 ^ NT -

Grean Beans, Canned 54 0 0.008 ^ 0.2 -

Green Beans 161 0 0.008 ^ 0.2 -

Spinach, Canned 371 0 0.016 ^ NT -

Winter Squash 262 0 0.016 ^ NT -

TOTAL 1,375 0

Carfentrazone ethyl (herbicide)

Grapes 526 0 0.008 ^ NT -

Pears 525 0 0.008 ^ NT -

Tomatoes 744 0 0.036 ^ 0.10 -

TOTAL 1,795 0

Appendix B. Page 6 of 47
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Chlordane cis (insecticide) (isomer of Chlordane)

Apples 744 0 0.0007 - 0.002 0.1 AL 0.02

Cantaloupe 742 0 0.002 - 0.004 0.1 AL 0.02

Cauliflower 185 0 0.0007 ^ 0.1 AL 0.02

Grapes 526 0 0.002 ^ 0.1 AL 0.02

Grean Beans, Canned 185 0 0.001 - 0.002 0.1 AL 0.02

Green Beans 548 0 0.0008 - 0.002 0.1 AL 0.02

Lettuce 743 1 0.1 0.001 ^ 0.0007 - 0.002 0.1 AL 0.02

Orange Juice 186 0 0.002 - 0.012 0.1 AL 0.02

Oranges 742 0 0.002 - 0.012 0.1 AL 0.02

Peaches, Canned 743 0 0.003 ^ 0.1 AL 0.02

Pears 741 0 0.002 ^ 0.1 AL 0.02

Spinach, Canned 371 0 0.004 ^ 0.1 AL 0.02

Strawberries 211 0 0.002 ^ 0.1 AL 0.02

Sweet Bell Peppers 558 0 0.0007 ^ 0.1 AL 0.02

Sweet Potatoes 743 0 0.002 - 0.019 0.1 AL 0.02

Tomatoes 744 0 0.003 ^ 0.1 AL 0.02

Winter Squash 364 13 3.6 0.003 - 0.024 0.002 - 0.004 0.1 AL 0.02

TOTAL 9,076 14

Chlordane trans (insecticide) (isomer of Chlordane)

Apples 744 0 0.0007 - 0.002 0.1 AL 0.02

Cantaloupe 742 0 0.002 - 0.004 0.1 AL 0.02

Cauliflower 185 0 0.0007 ^ 0.1 AL 0.02

Grapes 526 0 0.002 ^ 0.1 AL 0.02

Grean Beans, Canned 185 0 0.001 - 0.002 0.1 AL 0.02

Green Beans 548 0 0.0008 - 0.002 0.1 AL 0.02

Lettuce 743 1 0.1 0.001 ^ 0.0007 - 0.002 0.1 AL 0.02

Orange Juice 186 0 0.002 - 0.012 0.1 AL 0.02

Oranges 742 0 0.002 - 0.012 0.1 AL 0.02

Peaches, Canned 743 0 0.003 ^ 0.1 AL 0.02

Pears 741 0 0.002 ^ 0.1 AL 0.02

Spinach, Canned 371 0 0.004 ^ 0.1 AL 0.02

Strawberries 211 0 0.002 ^ 0.1 AL 0.02

Sweet Bell Peppers 558 0 0.0007 ^ 0.1 AL 0.02

Sweet Potatoes 743 0 0.002 - 0.020 0.1 AL 0.02

Tomatoes 744 0 0.003 ^ 0.1 AL 0.02

Winter Squash 364 9 2.5 0.003 - 0.020 0.002 - 0.004 0.1 AL 0.02

TOTAL 9,076 10

Chlorethoxyfos (insecticide)

Cantaloupe 527 0 0.016 ^ NT -

Oranges 286 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Spinach, Canned 371 0 0.016 ^ NT -

Winter Squash 262 0 0.016 ^ NT -

TOTAL 1,446 0

Chlorfenvinphos total (insecticide)

Apples 528 0 0.004 ^ NT -

Cauliflower 185 0 0.004 ^ NT -

Lettuce 527 0 0.004 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 558 0 0.004 ^ NT -

TOTAL 1,798 0

Chlorothalonil (fungicide)

Cantaloupe 302 0 0.005 - 0.007 5 2

Cucumbers 557 26 4.7 0.008 - 0.090 0.005 - 0.008 5 5

Grapes 526 0 0.002 - 0.008 NT 0.5

Grean Beans, Canned 185 0 0.002 - 0.005 5 5

Green Beans 548 158 28.8 0.003 - 0.46 0.002 - 0.005 5 5

Appendix B. Page 7 of 47
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Lettuce (V-1) 1 1 100 0.008 ^ 0.005 ^ NT -

Orange Juice 132 0 0.008 ^ NT -

Oranges 527 0 0.008 ^ NT -

Peaches, Canned 743 0 0.008 ^ 0.5 0.2

Pears 525 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Strawberries 69 0 0.005 ^ NT -

Tomatoes 744 47 6.3 0.013 - 0.25 0.008 ^ 5 5

Winter Squash 244 32 13.1 0.008 - 0.42 0.005 - 0.007 5 5

TOTAL 5,103 264

Chlorpropham (herbicide, growth regulator)

Apples (V-1) 528 1 0.2 0.010 ^ 0.006 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe 527 0 0.017 ^ NT -

Cauliflower 185 0 0.006 ^ NT -

Cucumbers (V-2) 396 2 0.5 0.017 ^ 0.010 - 0.011 NT -

Grapes 526 0 0.011 ^ NT -

Grean Beans, Canned 131 0 0.023 ^ NT -

Green Beans 387 0 0.023 ^ NT -

Lettuce 527 0 0.006 ^ NT -

Orange Juice 132 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Oranges 527 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Pears (V-1) 525 1 0.2 0.018 ^ 0.011 ^ NT -

Spinach, Canned 371 0 0.017 ^ 0.3 -

Sweet Bell Peppers (V-9) 558 9 1.6 0.010 ^ 0.006 ^ NT -

Sweet Potatoes (V-2) 2 2 100 0.017 ^ 0.010 ^ NT -

Winter Squash 262 0 0.017 ^ NT -

TOTAL 5,584 15

Chlorpyrifos (insecticide)

Apples 744 9 1.2 0.002 - 0.016 0.001 - 0.004 1.5 1

Cantaloupe 742 6 0.8 0.007 ^ 0.004 ^ 0.1 -

Cauliflower 185 0 0.001 ^ 1.0 0.05

Cucumbers (X-1) 557 14 2.5 0.007 - 0.12 0.004 ^ 0.05 -

Grapes 738 88 11.9 0.006 - 0.32 0.004 ^ 0.5 0.5

Grean Beans, Canned 185 0 0.004 - 0.005 0.05 0.01

Green Beans 548 1 0.2 0.007 ^ 0.004 - 0.005 0.05 0.01

Lettuce 743 23 3.1 0.002 - 0.026 0.001 - 0.004 0.1 -

Orange Juice 186 0 0.004 ^ 1.0 1

Oranges 742 6 0.8 0.007 ^ 0.004 ^ 1.0 1

Peaches, Canned 743 0 0.010 ^ 0.05 0.5

Pears 741 16 2.2 0.006 - 0.041 0.004 ^ 0.05 1

Spinach, Canned 371 3 0.8 0.007 ^ 0.004 ^ 0.1 -

Strawberries 731 30 4.1 0.001 - 0.040 0.0008 - 0.004 0.2 0.3

Sweet Bell Peppers 558 98 17.6 0.002 - 0.47 0.001 ^ 1.0 2

Sweet Potatoes 743 51 6.9 0.002 - 0.035 0.001 - 0.004 0.05 -

Tomatoes 744 20 2.7 0.017 - 0.17 0.010 ^ 0.5 0.5

Winter Squash 364 2 0.5 0.007 - 0.018 0.004 ^ 0.1 -

TOTAL 10,365 367

Chlorpyrifos methyl (insecticide) 

Grapes 109 0 0.005 ^ NT 0.2

Green Beans 301 0 0.004 ^ NT 0.1

Pears 86 0 0.005 ^ NT -

TOTAL 496 0

Clofentezine (insecticide)

Apples 216 0 0.007 ^ 0.5 0.5

Pears 216 2 0.9 0.011 ^ 0.007 ^ 0.5 0.5

TOTAL 432 2

Clomazone (herbicide)

Apples 483 0 0.002 - 0.005 NT -

Cantaloupe 742 0 0.004 - 0.040 0.05 -

Appendix B. Page 8 of 47
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Cauliflower 185 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Cucumbers 557 0 0.008 - 0.009 0.1 -

Grapes 526 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Grean Beans, Canned 185 0 0.005 - 0.008 0.05 -

Green Beans 548 0 0.005 - 0.008 0.05 -

Lettuce 512 0 0.002 - 0.005 NT -

Orange Juice 132 0 0.008 ^ NT -

Oranges 527 0 0.008 ^ NT -

Pears 525 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Spinach, Canned 371 0 0.004 - 0.040 NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 542 0 0.005 ^ 0.05 -

Sweet Potatoes 743 0 0.008 - 0.023 0.05 -

Winter Squash 364 0 0.008 - 0.040 0.1 -

TOTAL 6,942 0

Coumaphos (insecticide)

Apples 528 0 0.006 ^ NT -

Lettuce 527 0 0.006 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 558 0 0.006 ^ NT -

TOTAL 1,613 0

Coumaphos oxygen analog (metabolite of Coumaphos)

Apples 528 0 0.008 ^ NT -

Lettuce 527 0 0.008 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 558 0 0.008 ^ NT -

TOTAL 1,613 0

Cycloate (herbicide)

Cantaloupe 527 0 0.016 ^ NT -

Spinach, Canned 371 0 0.016 ^ 0.05 -

Winter Squash 262 0 0.016 ^ NT -

TOTAL 1,160 0

Cyfluthrin (insecticide)

Apples 744 0 0.030 - 0.14 0.05 0.5

Cantaloupe 742 0 0.030 ^ 0.05 -

Cauliflower 185 0 0.14 ^ 2.5 -

Cucumbers 395 0 0.060 ^ 0.05 -

Grapes 738 0 0.023 - 0.030 0.05 -

Grean Beans, Canned 131 0 0.045 ^ 0.05 -

Green Beans 387 0 0.045 ^ 0.05 -

Lettuce 743 9 1.2 0.050 - 2.8 0.030 - 0.14 3.0 -

Orange Juice 186 0 0.030 - 0.060 0.2 -

Oranges 742 0 0.030 - 0.060 0.2 -

Pears 741 0 0.023 - 0.030 0.05 -

Spinach, Canned 371 0 0.030 ^ 0.05 -

Strawberries 731 0 0.024 - 0.030 0.05 -

Sweet Bell Peppers 558 1 0.2 0.068 ^ 0.041 - 0.57 0.50 0.2

Tomatoes 744 0 0.079 ^ 0.20 0.5

Winter Squash 364 0 0.030 ^ 0.05 -

TOTAL 8,502 10

 Cyhalothrin, Total (Cyhalothrin-L + R157836 epimer) (insecticide) **

Apples 528 10 1.9 0.010 - 0.033 0.006 - 0.020 0.30 0.2

Cantaloupe 527 0 0.016 ^ 0.01 -

Cauliflower 185 0 0.020 ^ 0.4 -

Grapes 482 0 0.015 ^ 0.01 -

Lettuce 527 37 7.0 0.010 - 0.40 0.006 ^ 2.0 -

Orange Juice 132 0 0.060 ^ 0.01 -

Oranges 175 0 0.060 ^ 0.01 -

Pears 327 0 0.015 ^ 0.30 0.2

Spinach, Canned 371 0 0.016 ^ 0.01 -

Strawberries (X-2) 520 2 0.4 0.031 - 0.037 0.008 ^ 0.01 -

Appendix B. Page 9 of 47
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Sweet Bell Peppers 558 13 2.3 0.010 - 0.038 0.006 ^ 0.20 -

Winter Squash 262 0 0.016 ^ 0.01 -

TOTAL 4,594 62

Cyhalothrin, Lambda (includes gamma isomer) (insecticide)

Apples 216 0 0.010 ^ 0.30 0.2

Cantaloupe 215 0 0.010 ^ 0.01 -

Cucumbers 263 0 0.060 ^ 0.01 -

Grapes 256 0 0.010 - 0.015 0.01 -

Grean Beans, Canned 185 0 0.010 - 0.030 0.20 -

Green Beans 548 1 0.2 0.017 ^ 0.010 - 0.030 0.20 -

Lettuce 216 13 6.0 0.017 - 1.0 0.010 ^ 2.0 -

Orange Juice 54 0 0.010 ^ 0.01 -

Oranges 567 0 0.010 - 0.060 0.01 -

Pears 414 0 0.010 - 0.015 0.30 0.2

Strawberries (X-2) 211 3 1.4 0.017 - 0.060 0.010 ^ 0.01 -

Sweet Potatoes 216 0 0.010 ^ 0.01 -

Tomatoes 744 0 0.047 ^ 0.10 -

Winter Squash 102 0 0.010 ^ 0.01 -

TOTAL 4,207 17

Cypermethrin (insecticide)

Apples 744 0 0.030 - 0.17 NT 2

Cantaloupe 742 0 0.030 ^ NT -

Cauliflower 185 0 0.17 ^ 2.0 1

Cucumbers (V-1) 396 1 0.3 0.050 ^ 0.030 - 0.036 NT 0.2

Grapes 526 0 0.023 ^ NT 0.5

Grean Beans, Canned 132 6 4.5 0.025 - 0.050 0.015 - 0.030 0.5 0.5

Green Beans 387 8 2.1 0.025 ^ 0.015 ^ 0.5 0.5

Lettuce 743 63 8.5 0.050 - 0.90 0.030 - 0.17 10.0 2

Orange Juice 132 0 0.035 ^ NT 2

Oranges 527 0 0.035 ^ NT 2

Pears 741 0 0.023 - 0.030 NT 2

Spinach, Canned 371 86 23.2 0.050 - 0.90 0.030 ^ 10.0 2

Sweet Bell Peppers 558 0 0.051 ^ 0.2 0.5

Sweet Potatoes 743 0 0.027 - 0.030 NT 0.05

Tomatoes 744 0 0.057 ^ 0.2 0.5

Winter Squash 364 0 0.030 ^ NT -

TOTAL 8,035 164

Cyprodinil (fungicide)

Apples 216 2 0.9 0.013 - 0.030 0.008 ^ 0.1 -

Grapes 738 181 24.5 0.008 - 0.83 0.008 ^ 2.0 -

Peaches, Canned 743 19 2.6 0.017 - 0.040 0.010 ^ 2.0 -

Pears 741 0 0.008 ^ 0.1 -

Strawberries 731 105 14.4 0.013 - 0.99 0.008 - 0.092 5 -

TOTAL 3,169 307

Cyromazine (insect growth regulator)

Apples 499 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Cauliflower 185 0 0.002 ^ 10.0 -

Lettuce 512 20 3.9 0.004 - 0.040 0.002 ^ 7.0 5

Sweet Bell Peppers 513 29 5.7 0.004 - 0.036 0.002 ^ 1.0 1

TOTAL 1,709 49

DCPA (herbicide)

Apples 528 0 0.0007 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe 742 0 0.006 - 0.007 1 -

Cauliflower 185 15 8.1 0.001 - 0.007 0.0007 ^ 5 -

Cucumbers 557 0 0.006 ^ 1 -

Grapes 526 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Grean Beans, Canned 185 0 0.002 - 0.006 2 -

Green Beans 548 3 0.5 0.003 - 0.010 0.002 - 0.006 2 -

Appendix B. Page 10 of 47
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Lettuce 743 202 27.2 0.001 - 0.29 0.0007 - 0.006 2 -

Orange Juice 132 0 0.006 ^ NT -

Oranges 527 0 0.006 ^ NT -

Pears 525 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Spinach, Canned (V-25) 371 25 6.7 0.012 - 0.044 0.007 ^ NT -

Strawberries 731 0 0.006 ^ 2 -

Sweet Bell Peppers 558 11 2.0 0.001 - 0.017 0.0007 ^ 2 -

Sweet Potatoes 743 0 0.003 - 0.006 2 -

Tomatoes 744 0 0.006 ^ 1 -

Winter Squash 364 0 0.006 - 0.007 1 -

TOTAL 8,709 256

DDD o,p' (metabolite of DDT)

Apples 528 0 0.001 ^ 0.1 AL -

Cauliflower 185 0 0.001 ^ 0.5 AL -

Lettuce 527 0 0.001 ^ 0.5 AL -

Sweet Bell Peppers 558 0 0.001 ^ 0.1 AL -

TOTAL 1,798 0

DDD p,p' (metabolite of DDT)

Apples 744 0 0.001 - 0.008 0.1 AL -

Cantaloupe 742 0 0.008 - 0.020 0.1 AL -

Cauliflower 185 0 0.001 ^ 0.5 AL -

Cucumbers 557 0 0.008 ^ 0.1 AL -

Grapes 738 0 0.005 - 0.008 0.05 AL -

Grean Beans, Canned 185 0 0.008 - 0.010 0.2 AL -

Green Beans 548 0 0.008 - 0.010 0.2 AL -

Lettuce 743 0 0.001 - 0.008 0.5 AL -

Orange Juice 186 0 0.008 ^ 0.1 AL -

Oranges 742 0 0.008 ^ 0.1 AL -

Pears 741 0 0.005 - 0.008 0.1 AL -

Spinach, Canned 371 0 0.020 ^ 0.5 AL -

Strawberries 211 0 0.008 ^ 0.1 AL -

Sweet Bell Peppers 558 0 0.001 ^ 0.1 AL -

Sweet Potatoes 216 0 0.008 ^ 1 AL -

Winter Squash 364 0 0.008 - 0.020 0.1 AL -

TOTAL 7,831 0

DDE p,p' (metabolite of DDT)

Apples 744 0 0.002 - 0.007 0.1 AL -

Cantaloupe 742 0 0.007 ^ 0.1 AL -

Cauliflower 185 0 0.002 ^ 0.5 AL -

Cucumbers 557 0 0.007 ^ 0.1 AL -

Grapes 738 0 0.005 - 0.007 0.05 AL -

Grean Beans, Canned 185 0 0.002 - 0.007 0.2 AL -

Green Beans 548 12 2.2 0.003 - 0.012 0.002 - 0.007 0.2 AL -

Lettuce 743 84 11.3 0.003 - 0.023 0.002 - 0.007 0.5 AL -

Orange Juice 186 0 0.007 ^ 0.1 AL -

Oranges 742 0 0.007 ^ 0.1 AL -

Peaches, Canned 743 0 0.005 ^ 0.2 AL -

Pears 741 0 0.005 - 0.007 0.1 AL -

Spinach, Canned 371 40 10.8 0.012 ^ 0.007 ^ 0.5 AL -

Strawberries 211 0 0.007 ^ 0.1 AL -

Sweet Bell Peppers 558 2 0.4 0.003 ^ 0.002 ^ 0.1 AL -

Sweet Potatoes 743 2 0.3 0.003 ^ 0.002 - 0.007 1 AL -

Tomatoes 744 0 0.005 ^ 0.05 AL -

Winter Squash 364 7 1.9 0.012 - 0.034 0.007 ^ 0.1 AL -

TOTAL 9,845 147

Appendix B. Page 11 of 47
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

DDT o,p' (insecticide)

Apples 528 0 0.001 ^ 0.1 AL -

Cauliflower 185 0 0.001 ^ 0.5 AL -

Lettuce 527 9 1.7 0.002 ^ 0.001 ^ 0.5 AL -

Sweet Bell Peppers 558 0 0.001 ^ 0.1 AL -

TOTAL 1,798 9

DDT p,p' (insecticide)

Apples 744 0 0.002 - 0.008 0.1 AL -

Cantaloupe 215 0 0.008 ^ 0.1 AL -

Cauliflower 185 0 0.002 ^ 0.5 AL -

Cucumbers 557 0 0.008 ^ 0.1 AL -

Grapes 738 0 0.005 - 0.008 0.05 AL -

Grean Beans, Canned 185 0 0.008 - 0.010 0.2 AL -

Green Beans 548 0 0.008 - 0.010 0.2 AL -

Lettuce 743 7 0.9 0.003 ^ 0.002 - 0.008 0.5 AL -

Orange Juice 186 0 0.008 ^ 0.1 AL -

Oranges 742 0 0.008 ^ 0.1 AL -

Pears 741 0 0.005 - 0.008 0.1 AL -

Strawberries 211 0 0.008 ^ 0.1 AL -

Sweet Bell Peppers 558 0 0.002 ^ 0.1 AL -

Sweet Potatoes 216 0 0.008 ^ 1 AL -

Winter Squash 102 0 0.008 ^ 0.1 AL -

TOTAL 6,671 7

Deltamethrin (insecticide) (includes parent Tralomethrin)

Apples 744 0 0.015 - 0.33 0.05 0.2

Cantaloupe 742 0 0.015 - 0.24 0.05 0.2

Cucumbers 557 0 0.015 - 0.020 0.05 0.2

Grapes 738 0 0.015 - 0.023 0.05 0.2

Lettuce 567 0 0.015 - 0.33 0.05 0.5

Orange Juice 186 0 0.015 - 0.018 0.05 0.02

Oranges 742 0 0.015 - 0.018 0.05 0.02

Pears 741 0 0.015 - 0.023 0.05 -

Spinach, Canned 371 0 0.24 ^ 0.05 0.5

Strawberries 731 0 0.015 - 0.11 0.05 0.2

Sweet Bell Peppers 526 0 0.024 - 0.33 0.05 -

Sweet Potatoes 721 0 0.015 - 0.048 0.05 -

Winter Squash 364 0 0.015 - 0.24 0.05 0.2

TOTAL 7,730 0

Diazinon (insecticide)

Apples 744 8 1.1 0.003 - 0.050 0.002 - 0.004 0.5 0.3

Cantaloupe 742 1 0.1 0.003 ^ 0.002 - 0.007 0.75 0.2

Cucumbers 557 7 1.3 0.003 - 0.018 0.002 ^ 0.75 0.1

Grapes 738 4 0.5 0.003 - 0.008 0.002 - 0.005 0.75 -

Grean Beans, Canned 185 0 0.002 - 0.005 0.5 0.2

Green Beans 548 0 0.002 - 0.005 0.5 0.2

Lettuce 743 75 10.1 0.003 - 0.048 0.002 - 0.004 0.7 0.5

Orange Juice 186 0 0.002 ^ 0.7 -

Oranges 742 0 0.002 ^ 0.7 -

Peaches, Canned 743 0 0.015 ^ 0.7 0.2

Pears 741 6 0.8 0.003 - 0.012 0.002 - 0.005 0.5 0.3

Spinach, Canned 371 0 0.007 ^ 0.7 0.5

Strawberries 731 3 0.4 0.002 - 0.009 0.001 - 0.002 0.5 0.1

Sweet Bell Peppers 558 0 0.004 ^ 0.5 0.05

Sweet Potatoes 743 0 0.0007 - 0.002 0.1 -

Tomatoes 744 1 0.1 0.025 ^ 0.015 ^ 0.75 0.5

Winter Squash 364 0 0.002 - 0.007 0.75 -

TOTAL 10,180 105

Appendix B. Page 12 of 47
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Diazinon oxygen analog (metabolite of Diazinon)

Apples 744 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe 742 0 0.003 - 0.016 NT -

Cauliflower 185 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Cucumbers 557 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Grapes 738 0 0.001 - 0.003 NT -

Grean Beans, Canned 185 0 0.003 - 0.005 NT -

Green Beans 548 0 0.003 - 0.005 NT -

Lettuce 743 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Orange Juice 186 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Oranges 742 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Peaches, Canned 743 0 0.026 ^ NT -

Pears 741 0 0.001 - 0.003 NT -

Spinach, Canned 371 0 0.016 ^ NT -

Strawberries 211 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 558 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Sweet Potatoes 743 0 0.001 - 0.003 NT -

Tomatoes 744 0 0.026 ^ NT -

Winter Squash 364 0 0.003 - 0.016 NT -

TOTAL 9,845 0

Dichlobenil (herbicide)

Apples 715 0 0.005 - 0.019 0.5 -

Cauliflower 123 0 0.064 ^ NT -

Grapes 738 0 0.005 - 0.013 0.15 -

Lettuce 527 0 0.019 ^ NT -

Orange Juice 132 0 0.005 ^ NT -

Oranges 527 0 0.005 ^ NT -

Peaches, Canned 743 0 0.014 ^ 0.15 -

Pears 741 0 0.005 - 0.013 0.5 -

Sweet Bell Peppers 558 0 0.019 ^ NT -

TOTAL 4,804 0

Dichlorvos - DDVP (insecticide) (also a metabolite of Naled)

Apples 744 0 0.002 - 0.003 0.5 -

Cantaloupe 742 0 0.002 - 0.003 0.5 -

Cucumbers 557 2 0.4 0.008 - 0.009 0.002 ^ 0.5 -

Grapes 738 0 0.002 ^ 0.5 -

Grean Beans, Canned 185 0 0.002 - 0.006 0.5 -

Green Beans 548 0 0.002 - 0.006 0.5 -

Lettuce 743 1 0.1 0.005 ^ 0.002 - 0.003 1 -

Orange Juice 164 0 0.002 ^ 3 -

Oranges 742 0 0.002 ^ 3 -

Peaches, Canned 743 0 0.005 ^ 0.5 -

Pears 525 0 0.002 - 0.005 0.5 -

Spinach, Canned 371 0 0.003 ^ 3 -

Strawberries 731 51 7.0 0.001 - 0.93 0.0007 - 0.002 1 -

Sweet Bell Peppers 558 0 0.003 ^ 0.5 -

Tomatoes 744 0 0.005 ^ 0.05 -

Winter Squash 364 0 0.002 - 0.003 0.5 -

TOTAL 9,199 54

Dicloran (fungicide)

Apples (V-1) 528 1 0.2 0.003 ^ 0.002 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe 527 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Cauliflower 185 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Cucumbers 557 1 0.2 0.029 ^ 0.008 ^ 5 -

Grapes 738 21 2.8 0.006 - 0.23 0.004 - 0.008 10 7

Grean Beans, Canned 185 0 0.002 - 0.008 20 -

Green Beans 548 30 5.5 0.003 - 1.8 0.002 - 0.008 20 -

Lettuce 743 7 0.9 0.003 - 0.013 0.002 - 0.008 10 -

Orange Juice 132 0 0.008 ^ NT -

Appendix B. Page 13 of 47
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Oranges 527 0 0.008 ^ NT -

Peaches, Canned 743 0 0.009 ^ 20 7

Pears (V-2) 526 2 0.4 0.006 - 0.013 0.004 - 0.008 NT -

Spinach, Canned (V-1) 371 1 0.3 0.029 ^ 0.010 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers (V-1) 558 1 0.2 0.52 ^ 0.002 ^ NT -

Sweet Potatoes 743 328 44.1 0.004 - 4.1 0.003 - 0.008 10 -

Tomatoes 744 27 3.6 0.015 - 0.14 0.009 ^ 5 -

Winter Squash 262 0 0.010 ^ NT -

TOTAL 8,617 419

Dicofol o,p' (insecticide)

Apples 499 1 0.2 0.21 ^ 0.003 - 0.010 5 -

Cauliflower 185 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Lettuce 527 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Strawberries 520 0 0.006 ^ 5 -

Sweet Bell Peppers 558 39 7.0 0.005 - 0.084 0.003 ^ 5 1

TOTAL 2,289 40

Dicofol p,p' (isomer of Dicofol o,p')

Apples 744 5 0.7 0.005 - 0.87 0.003 - 0.010 5 -

Cantaloupe 742 6 0.8 0.017 - 0.079 0.010 - 0.018 5 0.2

Cauliflower 185 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Cucumbers 557 1 0.2 0.017 ^ 0.010 - 0.020 5 0.5

Grapes 738 2 0.3 0.055 - 0.061 0.010 - 0.015 5 5

Grean Beans, Canned 185 0 0.008 - 0.010 5 2

Green Beans 548 0 0.008 - 0.010 5 2

Lettuce 527 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Orange Juice 186 0 0.010 ^ 10 5

Oranges 742 2 0.3 0.017 ^ 0.010 ^ 10 5

Peaches, Canned 743 0 0.021 ^ 10 5

Pears 741 3 0.4 0.025 - 0.11 0.010 - 0.015 5 -

Spinach, Canned 371 0 0.018 ^ NT -

Strawberries 731 1 0.1 0.017 ^ 0.010 ^ 5 -

Sweet Bell Peppers 558 84 15.1 0.005 - 0.58 0.003 ^ 5 1

Tomatoes 744 19 2.6 0.022 - 0.21 0.013 ^ 5 1

Winter Squash 364 0 0.010 - 0.018 5 -

TOTAL 9,406 123

Dieldrin (insecticide) (also a metabolite of Aldrin)

Apples 744 0 0.005 - 0.006 0.03 AL 0.05

Cantaloupe 742 6 0.8 0.010 - 0.030 0.006 - 0.018 0.1 AL 0.1

Cauliflower 185 0 0.005 ^ 0.03 AL -

Cucumbers 557 42 7.5 0.010 - 0.040 0.006 ^ 0.1 AL 0.1

Grapes 526 0 0.002 - 0.005 0.05 AL -

Grean Beans, Canned 185 0 0.001 - 0.006 0.05 AL 0.05

Green Beans 548 0 0.0008 - 0.006 0.05 AL 0.05

Lettuce 743 0 0.005 - 0.006 0.03 AL 0.05

Orange Juice 186 0 0.006 ^ 0.02 AL 0.05

Oranges 742 0 0.006 ^ 0.02 AL 0.05

Peaches, Canned 743 0 0.005 ^ 0.02 AL -

Pears 741 0 0.002 - 0.006 0.03 AL 0.05

Spinach, Canned 371 0 0.018 ^ 0.05 AL 0.05

Strawberries 211 0 0.006 ^ 0.05 AL -

Sweet Bell Peppers 558 0 0.005 ^ 0.05 AL -

Sweet Potatoes 743 6 0.8 0.003 - 0.022 0.002 - 0.006 0.1 AL 0.1

Tomatoes 744 0 0.005 ^ 0.05 AL -

Winter Squash (X-1) 364 26 7.1 0.010 - 0.20 0.006 - 0.018 0.1 AL 0.1

TOTAL 9,633 80

Appendix B. Page 14 of 47
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Difenoconazole (fungicide)

Cantaloupe 527 0 0.072 ^ NT -

Spinach, Canned 371 0 0.072 ^ NT -

Winter Squash 262 0 0.072 ^ NT -

TOTAL 1,160 0

Diflubenzuron (insecticide)

Apples 498 0 0.007 ^ NT 5

Cauliflower 155 0 0.022 ^ NT -

Grapes (V-1) 1 1 100 0.012 ^ 0.007 ^ NT -

Lettuce (V-1) 527 1 0.2 0.011 ^ 0.007 ^ NT -

Orange Juice 186 0 0.007 - 0.010 0.5 0.5

Oranges 456 0 0.0007 - 0.010 0.5 0.5

Pears 216 2 0.9 0.012 ^ 0.007 ^ 0.50 5

Sweet Bell Peppers 558 8 1.4 0.011 ^ 0.007 ^ 1.0 -

TOTAL 2,597 12

Dimethenamid (herbicide)

Cantaloupe 527 0 0.016 ^ NT -

Spinach, Canned 371 0 0.016 ^ NT -

Winter Squash 262 0 0.016 ^ NT -

TOTAL 1,160 0

Dimethoate (insecticide) (parent of Omethoate)

Apples 744 7 0.9 0.004 - 0.12 0.002 ^ 2 1

Cantaloupe 742 23 3.1 0.003 - 0.14 0.002 - 0.007 1 -

Cauliflower 185 2 1.1 0.004 - 0.016 0.002 ^ 2 -

Cucumbers (V-6) 397 6 1.5 0.003 - 0.22 0.002 ^ NT -

Grapes 738 18 2.4 0.003 - 0.23 0.002 - 0.005 1 1

Grean Beans, Canned 185 0 0.002 - 0.005 2 -

Green Beans 548 22 4.0 0.003 - 0.12 0.002 - 0.005 2 -

Lettuce 743 70 9.4 0.003 - 0.29 0.002 ^ 2 2

Orange Juice 186 0 0.002 ^ 2 2

Oranges 742 2 0.3 0.003 - 0.015 0.002 ^ 2 2

Pears 741 0 0.002 - 0.005 2 1

Spinach, Canned 371 0 0.007 ^ 2 -

Strawberries 211 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 558 23 4.1 0.004 - 0.35 0.002 ^ 2 1

Tomatoes 744 3 0.4 0.015 ^ 0.009 ^ 2 1

Winter Squash 262 0 0.007 ^ NT -

TOTAL 8,097 176

Dimethomorph (fungicide)

Apples 513 0 0.002 - 0.003 NT -

Cantaloupe 215 0 0.030 - 0.050 0.5 -

Cauliflower (V-1) 185 1 0.5 0.003 ^ 0.002 ^ NT -

Cucumbers 557 0 0.030 - 0.050 0.5 -

Grapes 212 0 0.030 - 0.050 3.5 -

Lettuce 743 80 10.8 0.003 - 3.2 0.002 - 0.050 10 -

Orange Juice 132 0 0.030 ^ NT -

Oranges 527 0 0.030 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 558 0 0.003 ^ 1.5 -

TOTAL 3,642 81

Diphenamid (herbicide)

Apples 528 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe 527 0 0.018 ^ NT -

Cauliflower 185 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Cucumbers 395 0 0.006 ^ NT -

Grean Beans, Canned 131 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Green Beans 379 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Lettuce 527 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Appendix B. Page 15 of 47
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Orange Juice 132 0 0.006 ^ NT -

Oranges 527 0 0.006 ^ NT -

Peaches, Canned 743 0 0.020 ^ NT -

Spinach, Canned 371 0 0.018 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 558 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Sweet Potatoes 743 0 0.006 ^ NT -

Tomatoes 744 0 0.020 ^ NT -

Winter Squash 262 0 0.018 ^ NT -

TOTAL 6,752 0

Diphenylamine - DPA (fungicide)

Apples 744 589 79.2 0.005 - 3.6 0.003 - 0.010 10.0 10

Cantaloupe (V-2) 742 2 0.3 0.014 ^ 0.008 - 0.010 NT -

Cauliflower 185 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Cucumbers 395 0 0.010 - 0.020 NT -

Grapes 526 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Grean Beans, Canned 131 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Green Beans 379 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Lettuce 527 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Orange Juice 132 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Oranges 527 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Pears (V-37) 741 37 5.0 0.017 - 0.97 0.010 - 0.015 NT 5

Spinach, Canned 371 0 0.008 ^ NT -

Strawberries 193 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers (V-4) 558 4 0.7 0.005 ^ 0.003 ^ NT -

Winter Squash (V-1) 262 1 0.4 0.014 ^ 0.008 ^ NT -

TOTAL 6,413 633

Disulfoton (insecticide)

Apples 528 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe 527 0 0.007 ^ NT 0.5

Cauliflower 185 0 0.002 ^ 0.75 0.5

Cucumbers 395 0 0.003 ^ NT 0.5

Grapes 526 0 0.004 ^ NT -

Grean Beans, Canned 185 0 0.003 - 0.008 0.75 0.2

Green Beans 548 0 0.003 - 0.008 0.75 0.2

Lettuce 743 0 0.002 - 0.003 0.75 0.5

Oranges 286 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Pears 525 0 0.004 ^ NT -

Spinach, Canned 371 0 0.007 ^ 0.75 0.5

Sweet Bell Peppers 558 0 0.002 ^ 0.1 0.5

Tomatoes 744 0 0.021 ^ 0.75 0.5

Winter Squash 262 0 0.007 ^ NT 0.5

TOTAL 6,383 0

Disulfoton sulfone (metabolite of Disulfoton)

Apples 528 0 0.006 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe 527 0 0.009 ^ NT 0.5

Cauliflower 185 0 0.006 ^ 0.75 0.5

Cucumbers 395 0 0.004 ^ NT 0.5

Grapes 526 0 0.004 ^ NT -

Grean Beans, Canned 185 0 0.004 - 0.005 0.75 0.2

Green Beans 548 0 0.004 - 0.005 0.75 0.2

Lettuce 743 0 0.004 - 0.006 0.75 0.5

Oranges 286 0 0.004 ^ NT -

Pears 525 0 0.004 ^ NT -

Spinach, Canned 371 0 0.009 ^ 0.75 0.5

Sweet Bell Peppers 558 0 0.006 ^ 0.1 0.5

Tomatoes 744 0 0.008 ^ 0.75 0.5

Winter Squash 262 0 0.009 ^ NT 0.5

TOTAL 6,383 0

Appendix B. Page 16 of 47
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Diuron (herbicide)

Apples 744 0 0.008 - 0.011 1 -

Cauliflower 185 0 0.008 ^ NT -

Grapes 212 0 0.011 ^ 1 -

Lettuce 527 0 0.008 ^ NT -

Orange Juice 186 0 0.010 - 0.012 1 -

Oranges 456 0 0.010 - 0.012 1 -

Pears 216 0 0.011 ^ 1 -

Sweet Bell Peppers 558 0 0.008 ^ NT -

TOTAL 3,084 0

Endosulfan I (insecticide)

Apples 744 4 0.5 0.008 - 0.010 0.005 - 0.006 2.0 1

Cantaloupe 742 1 0.1 0.012 ^ 0.005 - 0.007 2.0 0.5

Cauliflower 185 0 0.006 ^ 2.0 0.5

Cucumbers 557 206 37 0.008 - 0.24 0.005 ^ 2.0 0.5

Grapes 738 1 0.1 0.004 ^ 0.002 - 0.005 2.0 1

Grean Beans, Canned 185 0 0.002 - 0.005 2.0 0.5

Green Beans 548 56 10.2 0.003 - 0.21 0.002 - 0.005 2.0 0.5

Lettuce 743 52 7.0 0.008 - 0.57 0.005 - 0.006 2.0 1

Orange Juice 186 0 0.005 ^ NT 0.5

Oranges 742 0 0.005 ^ NT 0.5

Peaches, Canned 743 0 0.004 ^ 2.0 1

Pears 741 4 0.5 0.004 - 0.008 0.002 - 0.005 2.0 1

Spinach, Canned 371 0 0.007 ^ 2.0 2

Strawberries 731 10 1.4 0.008 - 0.13 0.005 - 0.006 2.0 -

Sweet Bell Peppers 558 62 11.1 0.010 - 0.24 0.006 ^ 2.0 -

Sweet Potatoes 743 0 0.002 - 0.005 0.2 0.2

Tomatoes 744 106 14.2 0.005 - 0.049 0.003 - 0.004 2.0 0.5

Winter Squash 364 3 0.8 0.008 - 0.012 0.005 - 0.007 2.0 -

TOTAL 10,365 505

Endosulfan II (isomer of Endosulfan)

Apples 744 9 1.2 0.010 - 0.035 0.006 ^ 2.0 1

Cantaloupe 742 2 0.3 0.012 ^ 0.006 - 0.007 2.0 0.5

Cauliflower 185 0 0.020 ^ 2.0 0.5

Cucumbers 557 149 26.8 0.010 - 0.20 0.006 ^ 2.0 0.5

Grapes 738 1 0.1 0.021 ^ 0.004 - 0.006 2.0 1

Grean Beans, Canned 185 0 0.002 - 0.006 2.0 0.5

Green Beans 548 39 7.1 0.003 - 0.21 0.002 - 0.006 2.0 0.5

Lettuce 743 35 4.7 0.010 - 0.79 0.006 ^ 2.0 1

Orange Juice 186 0 0.006 ^ NT 0.5

Oranges 742 0 0.006 ^ NT 0.5

Peaches, Canned 743 0 0.004 ^ 2.0 1

Pears 741 12 1.6 0.006 - 0.036 0.004 - 0.006 2.0 1

Spinach, Canned 371 0 0.007 ^ 2.0 2

Strawberries 731 18 2.5 0.007 - 0.23 0.004 - 0.006 2.0 -

Sweet Bell Peppers 558 87 15.6 0.010 - 0.23 0.006 ^ 2.0 -

Sweet Potatoes 743 0 0.002 - 0.006 0.2 0.2

Tomatoes 744 166 22.3 0.005 - 0.054 0.003 - 0.004 2.0 0.5

Winter Squash 364 2 0.5 0.012 ^ 0.006 - 0.007 2.0 -

TOTAL 10,365 520

Endosulfan sulfate (metabolite of Endosulfan)

Apples 730 1 0.1 0.012 ^ 0.007 - 0.020 2.0 1

Cantaloupe 742 329 44.3 0.012 - 0.12 0.007 ^ 2.0 0.5

Cauliflower 185 0 0.020 ^ 2.0 0.5

Cucumbers 557 249 44.7 0.010 - 0.26 0.006 - 0.007 2.0 0.5

Grapes 738 1 0.1 0.006 ^ 0.004 - 0.007 2.0 1

Grean Beans, Canned 185 0 0.002 - 0.007 2.0 0.5

Green Beans 548 87 15.9 0.003 - 0.95 0.002 - 0.007 2.0 0.5

Lettuce 743 34 4.6 0.012 - 0.98 0.007 - 0.020 2.0 1

Orange Juice 186 0 0.006 - 0.007 NT 0.5

Appendix B. Page 17 of 47
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Oranges 742 0 0.006 - 0.007 NT 0.5

Peaches, Canned 743 0 0.006 ^ 2.0 1

Pears 741 13 1.8 0.006 - 0.10 0.004 - 0.007 2.0 1

Spinach, Canned 371 3 0.8 0.012 ^ 0.007 ^ 2.0 2

Strawberries 731 22 3.0 0.007 - 0.066 0.004 - 0.007 2.0 -

Sweet Bell Peppers 558 30 5.4 0.033 - 0.14 0.020 ^ 2.0 -

Sweet Potatoes 743 11 1.5 0.003 ^ 0.002 - 0.007 0.2 0.2

Tomatoes 744 154 20.7 0.005 - 0.023 0.003 - 0.006 2.0 0.5

Winter Squash 364 44 12.1 0.012 - 0.090 0.007 ^ 2.0 -

TOTAL 10,351 978

Endrin (insecticide)

Apples 176 0 0.007 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe 742 0 0.008 - 0.040 0.05 AL 0.05

Cauliflower 185 0 0.022 ^ 0.05 AL -

Cucumbers 162 1 0.6 0.013 ^ 0.008 ^ 0.05 AL 0.05

Grapes 526 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Grean Beans, Canned 185 0 0.001 - 0.008 0.05 AL -

Green Beans 548 0 0.001 - 0.008 0.05 AL -

Lettuce 391 0 0.007 - 0.008 0.05 AL -

Oranges 286 0 0.008 ^ NT -

Pears 525 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Spinach, Canned 371 0 0.040 ^ 0.05 AL -

Sweet Potatoes 743 0 0.002 - 0.008 0.05 AL -

Tomatoes 744 0 0.005 ^ 0.05 AL -

Winter Squash 364 0 0.008 - 0.040 0.05 AL 0.05

TOTAL 5,948 1

EPTC (herbicide)

Apples 176 0 0.064 ^ NT -

Cauliflower 185 0 0.064 ^ 0.1 -

Lettuce 175 0 0.064 ^ 0.1 -

Orange Juice 132 0 0.020 ^ 0.1 -

Oranges 527 0 0.020 ^ 0.1 -

Tomatoes 744 0 0.018 ^ 0.1 -

TOTAL 1,939 0

Esfenvalerate (insecticide) (isomer of Fenvalerate)

Cucumbers 264 0 0.051 ^ 0.05 -

Oranges 264 0 0.051 ^ 0.05 -

Peaches, Canned 743 0 0.055 ^ 0.05 -

Sweet Potatoes 505 0 0.005 ^ 0.05 -

Tomatoes 744 0 0.055 ^ 0.05 -

TOTAL 2,520 0

Esfenvalerate+Fenvalerate Total (insecticide)

Apples 568 2 0.4 0.025 ^ 0.009 - 0.12 2.0 2

Cantaloupe 742 0 0.015 - 0.042 1.0 0.2

Cauliflower 185 0 0.029 - 0.19 0.5 2

Cucumbers 293 0 0.015 - 0.051 0.5 0.2

Grapes 738 0 0.015 - 0.038 0.05 1

Grean Beans, Canned 185 0 0.015 - 0.050 2.0 1

Green Beans 548 3 0.5 0.025 - 0.11 0.015 - 0.050 2.0 1

Lettuce 567 1 0.2 0.025 ^ 0.009 - 0.12 5.0 2

Orange Juice 186 0 0.015 - 0.051 0.05 2

Oranges 478 0 0.015 - 0.051 0.05 2

Pears 741 1 0.1 0.025 ^ 0.015 - 0.038 2.0 2

Spinach, Canned 371 0 0.042 ^ 0.05 -

Strawberries 731 0 0.015 - 0.020 0.05 1

Sweet Bell Peppers 310 9 2.9 0.014 - 0.072 0.009 - 0.12 1.0 0.5

Sweet Potatoes 216 0 0.015 ^ 0.05 0.05

Winter Squash 364 0 0.015 - 0.042 1.0 0.5

TOTAL 7,223 16

Appendix B. Page 18 of 47
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Ethalfluralin (herbicide)

Apples 528 0 0.017 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe 742 0 0.015 - 0.040 0.05 -

Cauliflower 185 0 0.056 ^ NT -

Cucumbers 539 0 0.015 ^ 0.05 -

Lettuce 527 0 0.017 - 0.11 NT -

Orange Juice 132 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Oranges 527 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Spinach, Canned 371 0 0.040 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 558 0 0.017 ^ NT -

Winter Squash 364 0 0.015 - 0.040 0.05 -

TOTAL 4,473 0

Ethephon (plant growth regulator) 

Apples 494 143 28.9 0.008 - 0.60 0.005 ^ 5 5

Grapes (X-5) 496 177 35.7 0.008 - 4.6 0.005 ^ 2.0 1

TOTAL 990 320

Ethiofencarb (insecticide)

Apples 514 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Cauliflower 185 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Grapes 526 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Lettuce 527 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Pears 525 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 542 0 0.015 ^ NT -

TOTAL 2,819 0

Ethion (insecticide)

Apples 528 0 0.001 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe 527 0 0.004 ^ NT -

Cauliflower 185 0 0.001 ^ NT -

Grapes 526 0 0.005 ^ NT -

Grean Beans, Canned 131 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Green Beans 387 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Lettuce 527 0 0.001 ^ NT -

Orange Juice 186 0 0.002 - 0.005 2.0 -

Oranges 742 0 0.002 - 0.005 2.0 -

Pears 525 0 0.005 ^ NT -

Spinach, Canned 371 0 0.004 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 558 0 0.001 ^ NT -

Winter Squash 262 0 0.004 ^ NT -

TOTAL 5,455 0

Ethion di oxon (metabolite of Ethion)

Orange Juice 132 0 0.005 ^ NT -

Oranges 527 0 0.005 ^ NT -

TOTAL 659 0

Ethion mono oxon (metabolite of Ethion)

Apples 528 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Cauliflower 185 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Lettuce 527 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Orange Juice 186 0 0.002 - 0.015 NT -

Oranges 742 0 0.002 - 0.015 NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 558 0 0.002 ^ NT -

TOTAL 2,726 0

Ethoprop (insecticide)

Apples 528 0 0.0009 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe 527 0 0.016 ^ NT 0.02

Cucumbers 557 0 0.002 ^ 0.02 0.02

Grean Beans, Canned 54 0 0.002 ^ 0.02 -

Green Beans 161 0 0.002 ^ 0.02 -

Appendix B. Page 19 of 47
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Lettuce 527 0 0.0009 ^ NT 0.02

Orange Juice 132 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Oranges 527 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Spinach, Canned 371 0 0.016 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 558 0 0.0009 ^ NT 0.02

Sweet Potatoes 743 2 0.3 0.002 - 0.003 0.001 - 0.002 0.02 0.02

Winter Squash 262 0 0.016 ^ NT -

TOTAL 4,947 2

Ethoxyquin (plant growth regulator) 

Pears 2 2 100 0.017 ^ 0.010 ^ 3 3

TOTAL 2 2

Etridiazole (fungicide)

Grapes 526 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Grean Beans, Canned 131 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Green Beans 387 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Pears 525 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Strawberries 520 0 0.006 ^ 0.20 -

Tomatoes 744 0 0.028 ^ 0.15 -

TOTAL 2,833 0

Famoxadone (fungicide)

Cantaloupe 87 0 0.13 ^ 0.30 -

Winter Squash 118 0 0.13 ^ 0.30 -

TOTAL 205 0

Fenamiphos (insecticide)

Apples 744 0 0.002 - 0.004 0.25 0.05

Cantaloupe 527 0 0.006 ^ NT 0.05

Cauliflower 185 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Cucumbers 395 0 0.004 ^ NT -

Grapes 738 0 0.001 - 0.004 0.10 0.1

Grean Beans, Canned 131 0 0.008 ^ NT -

Green Beans 387 0 0.008 ^ NT -

Lettuce 527 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Orange Juice 186 0 0.004 ^ 0.60 -

Oranges 742 0 0.004 ^ 0.60 -

Peaches, Canned 743 0 0.011 ^ 0.25 -

Pears 525 0 0.001 ^ NT -

Spinach, Canned 371 0 0.006 ^ NT -

Strawberries 211 0 0.004 ^ 0.6 -

Sweet Bell Peppers 558 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Winter Squash 262 0 0.006 ^ NT -

TOTAL 7,232 0

Fenamiphos sulfone (metabolite of Fenamiphos)

Apples 744 0 0.002 - 0.008 0.25 0.05

Cantaloupe 527 0 0.012 - 0.024 NT 0.05

Cucumbers 395 0 0.008 ^ NT -

Grapes 738 1 0.1 0.003 ^ 0.001 - 0.008 0.10 0.1

Grean Beans, Canned 131 0 0.020 ^ NT -

Green Beans 387 0 0.020 ^ NT -

Lettuce 527 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Orange Juice 186 0 0.008 ^ 0.60 -

Oranges 742 0 0.008 ^ 0.60 -

Peaches, Canned 743 0 0.018 ^ 0.25 -

Pears 525 0 0.001 ^ NT -

Spinach, Canned 371 0 0.012 - 0.024 NT -

Strawberries 211 0 0.008 ^ 0.6 -

Sweet Bell Peppers 544 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Winter Squash 262 0 0.024 ^ NT -

TOTAL 7,033 1

Appendix B. Page 20 of 47
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Fenamiphos sulfoxide (metabolite of Fenamiphos)

Apples 528 0 0.002 ^ 0.25 0.05

Grapes 526 7 1.3 0.001 - 0.035 0.001 ^ 0.10 0.1

Lettuce 527 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Orange Juice 132 0 0.012 ^ 0.60 -

Oranges 527 0 0.012 ^ 0.60 -

Peaches, Canned 743 0 0.023 ^ 0.25 -

Pears 525 0 0.001 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers (V-1) 544 1 0.2 0.003 ^ 0.002 ^ NT -

TOTAL 4,052 8

Fenarimol (fungicide)

Apples 744 0 0.010 - 0.015 0.1 0.3

Cauliflower 185 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Grapes 738 0 0.015 - 0.025 0.2 0.3

Lettuce 527 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Pears 741 0 0.015 - 0.025 0.1 0.3

Sweet Bell Peppers 558 0 0.010 - 0.064 NT 0.5

TOTAL 3,493 0

Fenbuconazole (fungicide)

Apples 470 0 0.0009 ^ NT 0.1

Cauliflower 107 0 0.0009 ^ NT -

Cucumbers 395 0 0.030 ^ NT 0.2

Grapes 526 0 0.005 ^ NT 1

Lettuce 411 0 0.0009 ^ NT -

Orange Juice 132 0 0.030 ^ NT -

Oranges 527 0 0.030 ^ NT -

Peaches, Canned 743 0 0.061 ^ 2.0 0.5

Pears 525 0 0.005 ^ NT 0.1

Sweet Bell Peppers 452 0 0.0009 ^ NT -

TOTAL 4,288 0

Fenhexamid (fungicide)

Peaches, Canned 743 0 0.039 ^ 10.0 -

Strawberries 518 154 29.7 0.017 - 0.98 0.010 - 0.035 3.0 -

TOTAL 1,261 154

Fenitrothion (insecticide)

Apples 528 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Cauliflower 185 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Lettuce 527 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 558 0 0.003 ^ NT -

TOTAL 1,798 0

Fenpropathrin (insecticide)

Apples 744 40 5.4 0.026 - 0.32 0.016 - 0.020 5.0 5

Cantaloupe 742 0 0.016 - 0.020 0.5 -

Cauliflower 185 0 0.016 ^ 3.0 -

Cucumbers 557 0 0.020 ^ 0.5 -

Grapes 738 13 1.8 0.017 - 0.13 0.015 - 0.020 5.0 5

Lettuce 527 0 0.016 ^ NT -

Orange Juice 186 0 0.020 ^ 2.0 -

Oranges 742 0 0.020 ^ 2.0 -

Pears 741 30 4.0 0.017 - 0.17 0.015 - 0.020 5.0 5

Spinach, Canned 371 0 0.016 ^ NT -

Strawberries 731 75 10.3 0.030 - 0.95 0.018 - 0.020 2.0 -

Sweet Bell Peppers 558 0 0.016 ^ NT 1

Tomatoes 744 25 3.4 0.052 - 0.22 0.031 ^ 0.6 1

Winter Squash 364 0 0.016 - 0.020 0.5 -

TOTAL 7,930 183

Appendix B. Page 21 of 47
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Fenthion (insecticide)

Apples 528 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Cauliflower 185 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Grapes 526 0 0.008 ^ NT -

Lettuce 527 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Pears 525 0 0.008 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 558 0 0.002 ^ NT -

TOTAL 2,849 0

Fenvalerate (insecticide) (isomer of Esfenvalerate)

Apples 176 0 0.009 ^ 2.0 2

Cucumbers 264 0 0.099 ^ 0.5 0.2

Lettuce 176 0 0.009 ^ 0.05 2

Oranges 264 0 0.099 ^ 0.05 2

Sweet Bell Peppers 248 1 0.4 0.029 ^ 0.009 - 0.058 1.0 0.5

Tomatoes 55 0 0.055 ^ 1.0 1

TOTAL 1,183 1

Fludioxonil (fungicide)

Apples 528 0 0.012 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe 527 0 0.036 ^ 0.01 -

Cauliflower 155 0 0.012 - 0.17 2.0 -

Cucumbers 395 0 0.015 ^ 0.01 -

Grapes 738 88 11.9 0.017 - 0.37 0.010 - 0.015 1.0 -

Grean Beans, Canned 131 0 0.050 ^ 0.01 -

Green Beans 379 0 0.050 ^ 0.01 -

Lettuce 527 0 0.012 - 0.080 0.01 -

Orange Juice 132 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Oranges 527 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Peaches, Canned 743 0 0.11 ^ 5.0 -

Pears 525 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Spinach, Canned 371 0 0.036 ^ 0.01 -

Strawberries 211 34 16.1 0.025 - 0.41 0.015 ^ 2.0 -

Sweet Bell Peppers 558 0 0.012 ^ 0.01 -

Winter Squash 262 0 0.036 ^ 0.01 -

TOTAL 6,709 122

Fluridone (herbicide)

Apples 568 0 0.024 - 0.33 0.1 -

Cantaloupe 724 0 0.016 - 0.035 0.1 -

Cucumbers 557 0 0.035 - 0.036 0.1 -

Grapes 212 0 0.035 - 0.060 0.1 -

Grean Beans, Canned 185 0 0.035 - 0.15 0.1 -

Green Beans 540 0 0.035 - 0.15 0.1 -

Lettuce 524 0 0.024 - 0.53 0.1 -

Orange Juice 186 0 0.035 - 0.036 0.1 -

Oranges 742 0 0.035 - 0.036 0.1 -

Pears 216 0 0.035 ^ 0.1 -

Spinach, Canned 371 0 0.016 ^ 0.1 -

Strawberries 729 0 0.0003 - 0.035 0.1 -

Sweet Bell Peppers 510 0 0.024 - 0.33 0.1 -

Sweet Potatoes 739 0 0.002 - 0.035 0.1 -

Winter Squash 364 0 0.016 - 0.035 0.1 -

TOTAL 7,167 0

Folpet (fungicide)

Apples 216 0 0.017 ^ 25 -

Cantaloupe 742 0 0.017 - 0.066 15 3

Cucumbers 557 0 0.012 - 0.017 15 1

Grapes 720 0 0.015 - 0.050 25 2

Lettuce 216 0 0.017 ^ 50 -

Orange Juice 132 0 0.012 ^ NT -

Oranges 527 0 0.012 ^ NT -

Appendix B. Page 22 of 47
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Pears 503 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Spinach, Canned 371 0 0.066 ^ NT -

Strawberries 691 2 0.3 0.29 - 0.57 0.015 - 0.017 25 20

Tomatoes 744 0 0.010 ^ 25 -

Winter Squash 262 0 0.066 ^ NT -

TOTAL 5,681 2

Fonofos (insecticide)

Apples 528 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Cauliflower 185 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Cucumbers 395 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Grapes 526 0 0.005 ^ NT -

Grean Beans, Canned 185 0 0.002 - 0.005 NT -

Green Beans 548 0 0.002 - 0.005 NT -

Lettuce 527 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Oranges 286 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Pears 525 0 0.005 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 558 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Sweet Potatoes 743 0 0.001 - 0.002 NT -

Tomatoes 744 0 0.016 ^ NT -

TOTAL 5,750 0

Forchlorfenuron (plant growth regulator)

Apples 219 0 0.0002 - 0.0005 0.01 -

Cauliflower 32 0 0.0005 ^ NT -

Lettuce 235 0 0.0005 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers (V-1) 496 1 0.2 0.0002 ^ 0.0001 - 0.0002 NT -

TOTAL 982 1

Heptachlor (insecticide)

Apples 528 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe 742 0 0.004 - 0.006 0.05 AL -

Cauliflower 185 0 0.002 ^ 0.05 AL -

Grapes 526 0 0.0008 - 0.003 0.05 AL -

Grean Beans, Canned 131 0 0.002 ^ 0.05 AL -

Green Beans 387 0 0.002 ^ 0.05 AL -

Lettuce 743 0 0.002 - 0.006 0.05 AL -

Orange Juice 186 0 0.006 ^ 0.05 AL 0.01

Oranges 742 0 0.006 ^ 0.05 AL 0.01

Pears 741 0 0.0008 - 0.006 0.05 AL -

Spinach, Canned 371 0 0.004 ^ 0.05 AL -

Sweet Bell Peppers 542 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Winter Squash 364 0 0.004 - 0.006 0.05 AL -

TOTAL 6,188 0

Heptachlor epoxide (metabolite of Heptachlor)

Apples 528 0 0.004 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe 742 0 0.004 - 0.006 0.05 AL -

Cauliflower 185 0 0.004 ^ 0.05 AL -

Cucumbers 557 2 0.4 0.024 - 0.026 0.006 ^ 0.05 AL -

Grapes 526 0 0.002 ^ 0.05 AL -

Grean Beans, Canned 185 0 0.001 - 0.006 0.05 AL -

Green Beans 548 0 0.001 - 0.006 0.05 AL -

Lettuce 743 0 0.004 - 0.006 0.05 AL -

Orange Juice 186 0 0.006 ^ 0.05 AL 0.01

Oranges 742 0 0.006 ^ 0.05 AL 0.01

Peaches, Canned 743 0 0.004 ^ 0.05 AL -

Pears 741 0 0.002 - 0.006 0.05 AL -

Spinach, Canned 371 0 0.004 ^ 0.05 AL -

Sweet Bell Peppers 558 0 0.004 ^ NT -

Appendix B. Page 23 of 47
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Tomatoes 744 0 0.004 ^ NT -

Winter Squash 364 3 0.8 0.006 - 0.011 0.004 - 0.006 0.05 AL -

TOTAL 8,463 5

Hexachlorobenzene - HCB (impurity of Quintozene)

Apples 176 0 0.001 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe 527 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Cauliflower 185 0 0.001 ^ 0.1 -

Grapes 526 0 0.0008 ^ NT -

Grean Beans, Canned 185 0 0.002 ^ 0.1 -

Green Beans 548 0 0.002 ^ 0.1 -

Lettuce (V-1) 175 1 0.6 0.002 ^ 0.001 ^ NT -

Oranges 286 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Pears 525 0 0.0008 ^ NT -

Spinach, Canned 371 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Tomatoes 744 0 0.003 ^ 0.1 -

Winter Squash (V-1) 263 1 0.4 0.003 ^ 0.002 - 0.003 NT -

TOTAL 4,511 2

Hexaconazole (fungicide)

Cucumbers 395 0 0.020 ^ NT -

Orange Juice 132 0 0.020 ^ NT -

Oranges 527 0 0.020 ^ NT -

TOTAL 1,054 0

Hexythiazox (insecticide, acaricide)

Apples 308 0 0.033 - 0.45 0.50 0.5

Sweet Bell Peppers (V-1) 1 1 100 0.054 ^ 0.033 ^ NT -

TOTAL 309 1

Hydroprene (insect growth regulator) 

Apples 528 0 0.013 ^ 0.2 -

Cantaloupe 87 0 0.013 ^ 0.2 -

Cauliflower 185 0 0.013 ^ 0.2 -

Lettuce 527 0 0.013 ^ 0.2 -

Winter Squash 130 0 0.013 ^ 0.2 -

TOTAL 1,457 0

3-Hydroxycarbofuran (metabolite of Carbofuran)

Apples 528 0 0.0006 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe 742 1 0.1 0.007 ^ 0.004 - 0.012 0.2 -

Cauliflower 185 0 0.0006 ^ NT -

Cucumbers 557 0 0.004 - 0.021 0.2 -

Grapes 738 0 0.004 - 0.013 0.2 -

Grean Beans, Canned 131 0 0.020 ^ NT -

Green Beans 387 0 0.020 ^ NT -

Lettuce 527 0 0.0006 - 0.002 NT -

Orange Juice 132 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Oranges 527 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Pears 525 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Spinach, Canned 371 0 0.012 ^ NT -

Strawberries 729 0 0.002 - 0.004 0.2 -

Sweet Bell Peppers 558 5 0.9 0.001 - 0.022 0.0006 ^ 0.2 -

Winter Squash 364 0 0.004 - 0.012 0.6 -

TOTAL 7,001 6

5-Hydroxythiabendazole (metabolite of Thiabendazole)

Orange Juice 132 0 0.010 ^ 10 -

Oranges 241 0 0.010 ^ 10 -

Pears 66 0 0.010 ^ 10 -

Strawberries 520 0 0.0002 - 0.002 5.0 -

TOTAL 959 0

Appendix B. Page 24 of 47
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Imazalil (fungicide)

Apples 528 0 0.010 ^ NT 5

Cantaloupe 527 0 0.030 ^ NT 2

Cauliflower 171 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Cucumbers 351 0 0.010 - 0.030 NT 0.5

Grapes 526 0 0.005 ^ NT -

Lettuce 527 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Orange Juice 186 1 0.5 0.050 ^ 0.030 ^ 10.0 5

Oranges 742 554 74.7 0.050 - 0.95 0.030 ^ 10.0 5

Pears 525 0 0.005 ^ NT 5

Spinach, Canned 371 0 0.030 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers (V-1) 558 1 0.2 0.016 ^ 0.010 ^ NT -

Winter Squash 262 0 0.030 ^ NT -

TOTAL 5,274 556

Imidacloprid (insecticide)

Apples 744 225 30.2 0.0002 - 0.017 0.0001 - 0.009 0.6 0.5

Cantaloupe 215 10 4.7 0.015 - 0.040 0.009 - 0.010 0.5 0.2

Cauliflower 185 133 71.9 0.0005 - 0.16 0.0002 ^ 3.5 0.5

Grapes 738 120 16.3 0.010 - 0.78 0.009 - 0.010 1.0 1

Lettuce 743 497 66.9 0.0002 - 0.33 0.0001 - 0.009 3.5 2

Orange Juice 186 0 0.010 ^ 0.7 1

Oranges 456 3 0.7 0.017 - 0.12 0.010 ^ 0.7 1

Pears 741 30 4.0 0.010 - 0.079 0.009 - 0.010 0.6 1

Strawberries 729 37 5.1 0.015 - 0.13 0.009 - 0.010 0.50 -

Sweet Bell Peppers 558 452 81.0 0.0002 - 0.13 0.0001 ^ 1.0 1

Sweet Potatoes 523 0 0.030 ^ 0.40 -

Winter Squash 102 3 2.9 0.015 ^ 0.009 ^ 0.5 -

TOTAL 5,920 1,510

Indoxacarb (insecticide)

Grapes 526 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Pears 525 1 0.2 0.019 ^ 0.010 ^ 0.20 -

Tomatoes 744 0 0.12 ^ 0.50 -

TOTAL 1,795 1

Iprodione (fungicide)

Apples (V-2) 528 2 0.4 0.014 - 0.032 0.008 ^ NT 5

Cantaloupe 527 0 0.008 ^ NT -

Cauliflower 185 0 0.028 ^ NT -

Cucumbers (V-1) 395 1 0.3 0.035 ^ 0.021 ^ NT 2

Grapes 738 89 12.1 0.035 - 0.77 0.021 - 0.023 60.0 10

Grean Beans, Canned 185 0 0.015 - 0.021 2.0 2

Green Beans 548 17 3.1 0.025 - 0.35 0.015 - 0.021 2.0 2

Lettuce 743 5 0.7 0.014 - 0.28 0.008 - 0.021 25.0 25

Peaches, Canned 743 0 0.034 ^ 20.0 10

Pears (V-2) 526 2 0.4 0.035 - 0.038 0.021 - 0.023 NT 5

Spinach, Canned 371 0 0.008 ^ NT -

Strawberries 731 20 2.7 0.035 - 1.2 0.021 - 0.029 15 10

Sweet Bell Peppers (V-2) 558 2 0.4 0.053 - 0.085 0.028 ^ NT -

Tomatoes (V-1) 1 1 100 0.057 ^ 0.034 ^ NT 5

Winter Squash 262 0 0.008 ^ NT -

TOTAL 7,041 139

Iprodione metabolite isomer (metabolite of Iprodione)

Apples 528 0 0.098 ^ NT -

Cauliflower 123 0 0.098 ^ NT -

Lettuce 498 1 0.2 0.16 ^ 0.098 - 1.4 25.0 -

Strawberries 520 0 0.062 ^ 15 -

Sweet Bell Peppers 558 0 0.098 ^ NT -

TOTAL 2,227 1

Appendix B. Page 25 of 47
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Kresoxim-methyl (fungicide)

Apples 439 0 0.003 - 0.010 0.5 0.2

Cauliflower 32 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Lettuce 311 0 0.003 - 0.010 NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 330 0 0.010 ^ NT -

TOTAL 1,112 0

Lindane - BHC gamma (insecticide)

Apples 744 0 0.002 - 0.003 1 -

Cantaloupe 742 0 0.002 - 0.006 3 -

Cauliflower 185 0 0.003 ^ 1 -

Cucumbers 557 0 0.002 ^ 3 -

Grapes 738 0 0.002 ^ 1 -

Grean Beans, Canned 185 0 0.001 - 0.002 0.5 AL -

Green Beans 548 0 0.001 - 0.002 0.5 AL -

Lettuce 743 0 0.002 - 0.003 3 -

Orange Juice 186 0 0.002 ^ 0.5 AL -

Oranges 742 0 0.002 ^ 0.5 AL -

Peaches, Canned 743 0 0.004 ^ 1 -

Pears 741 0 0.002 ^ 1 -

Spinach, Canned 371 0 0.006 ^ 1 -

Strawberries 211 0 0.002 ^ 1 -

Sweet Bell Peppers 558 0 0.003 ^ 1 -

Sweet Potatoes 743 0 0.002 ^ 0.5 AL -

Tomatoes 744 0 0.004 ^ 3 -

Winter Squash 364 0 0.002 - 0.006 3 -

TOTAL 9,845 0

Linuron (herbicide)

Apples 498 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Cauliflower 185 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Grapes 526 0 0.008 ^ NT -

Grean Beans, Canned 131 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Green Beans 387 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Lettuce (V-1) 512 1 0.2 0.005 ^ 0.003 ^ NT -

Pears 525 0 0.008 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 542 0 0.003 ^ NT -

TOTAL 3,306 1

Malathion (insecticide)

Apples 744 0 0.003 - 0.004 8 2

Cantaloupe 742 0 0.004 - 0.007 8 -

Cauliflower 185 0 0.003 ^ 8 -

Cucumbers 557 0 0.004 ^ 8 0.2

Grapes 738 1 0.1 0.047 ^ 0.004 ^ 8 8

Grean Beans, Canned 185 0 0.004 - 0.008 8 1

Green Beans 548 0 0.004 - 0.008 8 1

Lettuce 743 6 0.8 0.005 - 5.0 0.003 - 0.004 8 -

Orange Juice 186 0 0.004 ^ 8 4

Oranges 742 1 0.1 0.007 ^ 0.004 ^ 8 4

Peaches, Canned 743 0 0.010 ^ 8 6

Pears 741 0 0.004 ^ 8 -

Spinach, Canned 371 0 0.007 ^ 8 3

Strawberries 731 153 20.9 0.001 - 0.61 0.0007 - 0.004 8 1

Sweet Bell Peppers 558 6 1.1 0.005 - 0.075 0.003 ^ 8 0.1

Sweet Potatoes 743 3 0.4 0.002 - 0.005 0.001 - 0.004 1 0.5

Tomatoes 744 1 0.1 0.017 ^ 0.010 ^ 8 0.5

Winter Squash 364 0 0.004 - 0.007 8 -

TOTAL 10,365 171

Appendix B. Page 26 of 47
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Malathion oxygen analog (metabolite of Malathion)

Apples 744 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe 742 0 0.003 - 0.007 NT -

Cauliflower 185 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Cucumbers 557 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Grapes (V-1) 738 1 0.1 0.020 ^ 0.003 - 0.006 NT -

Grean Beans, Canned 185 0 0.003 - 0.005 NT -

Green Beans 548 0 0.003 - 0.005 NT -

Lettuce (V-1) 743 1 0.1 0.021 ^ 0.003 ^ NT -

Orange Juice 186 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Oranges 742 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Peaches, Canned 743 0 0.012 ^ NT -

Pears 741 0 0.003 - 0.006 NT -

Spinach, Canned 371 0 0.007 ^ NT -

Strawberries (V-29) 731 29 4.0 0.002 - 0.013 0.0009 - 0.003 NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 558 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Sweet Potatoes 743 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Tomatoes 744 0 0.012 ^ NT -

Winter Squash 364 0 0.003 - 0.007 NT -

TOTAL 10,365 31

Metalaxyl (fungicide)

Apples 729 0 0.006 - 0.025 0.2 1

Cantaloupe 742 7 0.9 0.014 - 0.075 0.008 - 0.010 1.0 0.2

Cauliflower 124 0 0.020 - 0.083 1.0 0.5

Cucumbers 557 89 16.0 0.017 - 0.15 0.010 - 0.011 1.0 0.5

Grapes 738 1 0.1 0.076 ^ 0.010 - 0.015 2.0 1

Grean Beans, Canned 185 0 0.010 - 0.015 0.2 -

Green Beans 540 0 0.010 - 0.015 0.2 -

Lettuce 686 5 0.7 0.010 - 0.35 0.006 - 0.040 5.0 2

Orange Juice 186 0 0.010 ^ 1.0 5

Oranges 742 0 0.010 ^ 1.0 5

Peaches, Canned 743 0 0.033 ^ 1.0 -

Pears 525 0 0.015 ^ NT 1

Spinach, Canned 371 0 0.008 ^ 10.0 2

Strawberries 731 46 6.3 0.017 - 0.21 0.010 - 0.019 10.0 -

Sweet Bell Peppers 558 97 17.4 0.010 - 0.22 0.006 - 0.040 1.0 1

Sweet Potatoes 743 0 0.007 - 0.010 0.5 -

Tomatoes 744 0 0.033 ^ 1.0 0.5

Winter Squash 364 2 0.5 0.014 ^ 0.008 - 0.010 1.0 0.2

TOTAL 10,008 247

Methamidophos (insecticide) (also a metabolite of Acephate)

Apples 744 0 0.001 - 0.002 0.02 -

Cantaloupe 742 2 0.3 0.006 - 0.16 0.002 - 0.004 0.5 -

Cucumbers 557 50 9.0 0.003 - 0.52 0.002 ^ 1.0 1

Grapes (X-1) 563 9 1.6 0.003 - 0.035 0.002 - 0.008 0.02 -

Grean Beans, Canned 185 28 15.1 0.003 - 0.094 0.002 - 0.005 1 -

Green Beans 548 153 27.9 0.008 - 0.56 0.002 - 0.005 1 -

Lettuce 743 38 5.1 0.002 - 0.012 0.001 - 0.002 1.0 1

Orange Juice 186 0 0.002 ^ 0.02 -

Oranges 742 0 0.002 ^ 0.02 -

Pears 741 0 0.002 - 0.025 0.02 -

Spinach, Canned 371 0 0.004 ^ 0.02 -

Strawberries 211 0 0.002 ^ 0.02 -

Sweet Bell Peppers 558 188 33.7 0.002 - 0.39 0.001 ^ 1.0 1

Tomatoes 744 73 9.8 0.008 - 0.14 0.005 ^ 1.0 -

Winter Squash 364 2 0.5 0.006 - 0.046 0.002 - 0.004 0.02 -

TOTAL 7,999 543

Methidathion (insecticide)

Apples 744 0 0.002 - 0.004 0.05 0.5

Cantaloupe 527 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Appendix B. Page 27 of 47
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Cauliflower 185 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Grapes 526 0 0.004 ^ NT 1

Lettuce 527 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Orange Juice 186 0 0.004 - 0.005 2.0 2

Oranges 742 3 0.4 0.007 - 0.008 0.004 - 0.005 2.0 2

Peaches, Canned 743 0 0.010 ^ 0.05 0.2

Pears 741 2 0.3 0.006 - 0.016 0.004 ^ 0.05 1

Spinach, Canned 371 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 558 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Winter Squash 262 0 0.010 ^ NT -

TOTAL 6,112 5

Methiocarb (insecticide) (analyzed as sulfoxide)

Apples 513 0 0.0006 ^ NT -

Cauliflower 185 0 0.0006 ^ NT -

Cucumbers 263 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Grapes 526 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Grean Beans, Canned 131 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Green Beans 387 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Lettuce 497 0 0.0006 ^ NT -

Oranges 286 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Pears 525 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 528 0 0.0006 ^ NT -

TOTAL 3,841 0

Methomyl (insecticide)

Apples 729 6 0.8 0.002 - 0.023 0.001 - 0.014 1 2

Cantaloupe (X-3) 742 142 19.1 0.020 - 0.50 0.012 - 0.017 0.2 0.2

Cauliflower 185 0 0.001 ^ 2 2

Cucumbers 557 13 2.3 0.017 - 0.084 0.010 - 0.014 0.2 0.2

Grapes 738 40 5.4 0.010 - 3.3 0.010 - 0.017 5 5

Grean Beans, Canned 185 0 0.014 - 0.015 2 1

Green Beans 548 4 0.7 0.023 - 0.085 0.014 - 0.015 2 1

Lettuce 743 83 11.2 0.002 - 2.9 0.001 - 0.014 5 5

Orange Juice 186 0 0.010 - 0.017 2 1

Oranges 742 0 0.010 - 0.10 2 1

Peaches, Canned 743 0 0.012 ^ 5 0.2

Pears 741 0 0.010 - 0.014 4 2

Spinach, Canned 371 0 0.012 ^ 6 -

Strawberries (X-2) 211 53 25.1 0.023 - 4.1 0.014 ^ 2 -

Sweet Bell Peppers 558 74 13.3 0.001 - 0.77 0.0006 ^ 2 1

Sweet Potatoes 739 0 0.002 - 0.014 0.2 -

Tomatoes 744 0 0.012 ^ 1 1

Winter Squash 364 0 0.012 - 0.014 0.2 -

TOTAL 9,826 415

Methoprene (insect growth regulator)

Apples 528 0 0.014 - 0.048 NT -

Cauliflower 185 0 0.048 ^ NT -

Lettuce 527 0 0.014 - 0.048 NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 558 0 0.014 ^ NT -

TOTAL 1,798 0

Methoxychlor Total (insecticide)

Apples (V-2) 528 2 0.4 0.053 - 0.53 0.002 ^ NT -

Cauliflower 185 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Grean Beans, Canned 131 0 0.005 ^ NT -

Green Beans 387 0 0.005 ^ NT -

Lettuce 527 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 558 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Sweet Potatoes 505 0 0.004 ^ NT -

TOTAL 2,821 2

Appendix B. Page 28 of 47
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Methoxychlor olefin (metabolite of Methoxychlor)

Apples (V-2) 528 2 0.4 0.003 - 0.014 0.001 ^ NT -

Cauliflower 185 0 0.001 ^ NT -

Lettuce 527 0 0.001 - 0.003 NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 558 0 0.001 ^ NT -

TOTAL 1,798 2

Methoxychlor p,p' (isomer of Methoxychlor)

Cantaloupe 527 0 0.009 ^ NT -

Cucumbers 557 0 0.020 ^ NT -

Grapes 526 0 0.008 ^ NT -

Grean Beans, Canned 54 0 0.020 ^ NT -

Green Beans 161 0 0.020 ^ NT -

Orange Juice 132 0 0.020 ^ NT -

Oranges 527 0 0.020 ^ NT -

Peaches, Canned 743 0 0.014 ^ NT -

Pears 525 0 0.008 ^ NT -

Spinach, Canned 371 0 0.009 ^ NT -

Sweet Potatoes 216 0 0.020 ^ NT -

Tomatoes 744 0 0.014 ^ NT -

Winter Squash 262 0 0.009 ^ NT -

TOTAL 5,345 0

Metolachlor (herbicide)

Apples 528 0 0.001 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe 527 0 0.016 ^ NT -

Cauliflower 185 0 0.001 ^ NT -

Cucumbers 395 0 0.010 - 0.020 NT -

Grapes 526 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Grean Beans, Canned 185 0 0.008 - 0.010 0.3 -

Green Beans 548 0 0.008 - 0.010 0.3 -

Lettuce 527 0 0.001 ^ NT -

Orange Juice 132 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Oranges 527 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Peaches, Canned 743 0 0.022 ^ 0.1 -

Pears 525 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Spinach, Canned 371 0 0.016 ^ 0.5 -

Sweet Bell Peppers 558 0 0.001 ^ 0.1 -

Tomatoes 744 0 0.022 ^ 0.1 -

Winter Squash 262 0 0.016 ^ NT -

TOTAL 7,283 0

Metribuzin (herbicide)

Apples 528 0 0.013 - 0.044 NT -

Cantaloupe 527 0 0.016 ^ NT -

Cauliflower 185 0 0.013 ^ NT -

Cucumbers 395 0 0.030 ^ NT -

Grapes 526 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Lettuce 527 0 0.013 ^ NT -

Orange Juice 132 0 0.030 ^ NT -

Oranges 527 0 0.030 ^ NT -

Pears 525 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Spinach, Canned 371 0 0.016 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 558 0 0.013 ^ NT -

Tomatoes 744 0 0.029 ^ 0.1 -

Winter Squash 262 0 0.016 ^ NT -

TOTAL 5,807 0

Mevinphos Total (insecticide)

Apples (V-1) 528 1 0.2 0.003 ^ 0.002 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe 742 0 0.002 - 0.012 0.5 -

Cucumbers 557 0 0.002 - 0.004 0.2 -

Appendix B. Page 29 of 47
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Grapes 738 0 0.002 - 0.008 0.5 -

Grean Beans, Canned 131 0 0.017 ^ NT -

Green Beans 387 0 0.017 ^ NT -

Lettuce 743 0 0.002 ^ 0.5 -

Orange Juice 132 0 0.004 ^ NT -

Oranges 527 0 0.004 ^ NT -

Pears 525 0 0.008 ^ NT -

Spinach, Canned 371 0 0.012 ^ 1.0 -

Strawberries 731 1 0.1 0.005 ^ 0.0006 - 0.002 1.0 -

Sweet Bell Peppers 558 0 0.002 ^ 0.25 -

Tomatoes 744 0 0.011 ^ 0.2 -

Winter Squash 262 0 0.012 ^ NT -

TOTAL 7,676 2

Monocrotophos (insecticide)

Cantaloupe 527 0 0.007 ^ NT -

Grapes 526 0 0.008 - 0.025 NT -

Pears 525 0 0.008 - 0.025 NT -

Spinach, Canned 371 0 0.007 ^ NT -

Winter Squash 262 0 0.007 ^ NT -

TOTAL 2,211 0

Myclobutanil (fungicide)

Apples 729 37 5.1 0.002 - 0.026 0.0009 - 0.020 0.5 0.5

Cantaloupe 742 0 0.008 - 0.020 0.20 -

Cauliflower 185 0 0.0009 ^ 0.03 -

Cucumbers 557 2 0.4 0.033 ^ 0.020 ^ 0.20 -

Grapes 738 106 14.4 0.025 - 0.52 0.020 - 0.023 1.0 1

Grean Beans, Canned 185 0 0.015 - 0.020 1.0 -

Green Beans 548 20 3.6 0.025 - 0.21 0.015 - 0.020 1.0 -

Lettuce 713 5 0.7 0.002 ^ 0.0009 - 0.020 0.03 -

Orange Juice 132 0 0.020 ^ NT -

Oranges 527 0 0.020 ^ NT -

Peaches, Canned 743 0 0.046 ^ 2.0 2

Pears 525 0 0.023 ^ NT 0.5

Spinach, Canned 371 0 0.008 ^ 0.03 -

Strawberries (X-1) 731 281 38.4 0.002 - 0.64 0.001 - 0.020 0.50 1

Sweet Bell Peppers 558 49 8.8 0.002 - 0.18 0.0009 ^ 1.0 -

Sweet Potatoes 743 0 0.012 - 0.020 0.03 -

Tomatoes 744 0 0.046 ^ 0.30 0.3

Winter Squash 364 1 0.3 0.014 ^ 0.008 - 0.020 0.20 -

TOTAL 9,835 501

Napropamide (herbicide)

Apples 744 0 0.007 - 0.020 0.1 -

Cantaloupe 742 0 0.020 - 0.040 0.1 -

Cauliflower 185 0 0.007 ^ 0.1 -

Cucumbers 557 0 0.020 ^ 0.1 -

Lettuce (V-1) 528 1 0.2 0.17 ^ 0.007 - 0.020 NT -

Orange Juice 186 0 0.020 ^ 0.1 -

Oranges 742 0 0.020 ^ 0.1 -

Peaches, Canned 743 0 0.040 ^ 0.1 -

Pears 216 0 0.020 ^ 0.1 -

Spinach, Canned 371 0 0.040 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 558 0 0.007 ^ 0.1 -

Sweet Potatoes 743 0 0.008 - 0.020 0.1 -

Tomatoes 744 0 0.040 ^ 0.1 -

Winter Squash 364 0 0.020 - 0.040 0.1 -

TOTAL 7,423 1

Appendix B. Page 30 of 47
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Naptalam (herbicide)

Cantaloupe 527 0 0.24 ^ 0.1 -

Spinach, Canned 371 0 0.24 ^ NT -

Winter Squash 262 0 0.24 ^ NT -

TOTAL 1,160 0

1-Napthal (metabolite of Carbaryl)

Apples (V-5) 5 5 100 0.017 - 0.25 0.010 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe 617 0 0.010 - 0.16 10 -

Cucumbers 2 2 100 0.017 ^ 0.010 ^ 10 -

Grapes 158 9 5.7 0.017 - 0.38 0.010 ^ 10 -

Lettuce 90 0 0.010 ^ 10 -

Orange Juice 54 0 0.010 ^ 10 -

Oranges 162 1 0.6 0.017 ^ 0.010 ^ 10 -

Pears (V-7) 7 7 100 0.017 - 0.13 0.010 ^ NT -

Spinach, Canned 371 0 0.16 ^ 12 -

Strawberries 56 2 3.6 0.017 - 0.079 0.010 ^ 10 -

Winter Squash 298 0 0.010 - 0.16 10 -

TOTAL 1,820 26

Nitrapyrin (bactericide)

Cantaloupe 527 0 0.016 ^ NT -

Spinach, Canned 371 0 0.016 ^ NT -

Winter Squash 262 0 0.016 ^ NT -

TOTAL 1,160 0

Norflurazon (herbicide)

Apples 744 0 0.016 - 0.067 0.1 -

Cantaloupe 527 0 0.018 ^ NT -

Cauliflower 124 0 0.016 ^ NT -

Cucumbers 395 0 0.020 ^ NT -

Grapes 738 0 0.010 - 0.020 0.1 -

Lettuce 512 0 0.005 - 0.032 NT -

Orange Juice 186 0 0.020 ^ 0.2 -

Oranges 742 0 0.020 ^ 0.2 -

Pears 741 0 0.010 - 0.020 0.1 -

Spinach, Canned 371 0 0.018 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 526 0 0.005 - 0.032 NT -

Winter Squash 262 0 0.018 ^ NT -

TOTAL 5,868 0

Norflurazon desmethyl (metabolite of Norflurazon)

Apples 744 0 0.018 - 0.060 0.1 -

Cantaloupe 527 0 0.021 ^ NT -

Cauliflower 185 0 0.060 ^ NT -

Cucumbers 395 0 0.030 ^ NT -

Grapes 738 0 0.010 - 0.030 0.1 -

Lettuce 527 0 0.018 - 0.060 NT -

Orange Juice 186 0 0.030 ^ 0.2 -

Oranges 742 0 0.030 ^ 0.2 -

Peaches, Canned 743 0 0.041 ^ 0.1 -

Pears 741 0 0.010 - 0.030 0.1 -

Spinach, Canned 371 0 0.021 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 558 0 0.018 ^ NT -

Winter Squash 262 0 0.021 ^ NT -

TOTAL 6,719 0

Omethoate (metabolite of Dimethoate)

Apples 744 8 1.1 0.004 - 0.024 0.002 - 0.004 2 -

Cantaloupe 742 14 1.9 0.007 - 0.077 0.004 - 0.018 1 -

Cauliflower 185 0 0.002 ^ 2 -

Cucumbers (V-2) 397 2 0.5 0.007 - 0.078 0.004 ^ NT -

Grapes 716 15 2.1 0.007 - 0.055 0.004 - 0.008 1 -

Appendix B. Page 31 of 47
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Grean Beans, Canned 185 0 0.004 - 0.005 2 -

Green Beans 548 20 3.6 0.007 - 0.042 0.004 - 0.005 2 -

Lettuce 743 58 7.8 0.004 - 0.097 0.002 - 0.004 2 -

Orange Juice 186 0 0.004 ^ 2 -

Oranges 742 1 0.1 0.016 ^ 0.004 ^ 2 -

Pears 741 1 0.1 0.040 ^ 0.004 - 0.008 2 -

Spinach, Canned 371 0 0.018 ^ 2 -

Sweet Bell Peppers 558 21 3.8 0.004 - 0.025 0.002 ^ 2 -

Tomatoes 744 6 0.8 0.023 ^ 0.014 ^ 2 -

Winter Squash 262 0 0.018 ^ NT -

TOTAL 7,864 146

Oryzalin (herbicide)

Grapes 526 0 0.010 ^ 0.05 -

Pears 525 0 0.010 ^ 0.05 -

TOTAL 1,051 0

Oxadixyl (fungicide)

Apples 528 0 0.013 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe 742 0 0.008 - 0.015 NT -

Cauliflower 185 0 0.013 ^ NT -

Cucumbers (V-2) 557 2 0.4 0.025 - 0.054 0.015 ^ NT -

Lettuce 743 0 0.013 - 0.015 NT -

Orange Juice 132 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Oranges 527 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Spinach, Canned 371 0 0.008 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 558 0 0.013 ^ NT -

Sweet Potatoes 739 0 0.013 - 0.015 NT -

Winter Squash 262 0 0.008 ^ NT -

TOTAL 5,344 2

Oxamyl (insecticide)

Apples 715 2 0.3 0.022 - 0.037 0.0003 - 0.008 2 2

Cantaloupe 742 12 1.6 0.013 - 0.20 0.008 - 0.010 2.0 2

Cauliflower 171 0 0.0003 ^ NT -

Cucumbers 557 38 6.8 0.013 - 0.24 0.008 - 0.021 2.0 2

Grapes 526 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Grean Beans, Canned 131 0 0.020 ^ NT -

Green Beans 387 0 0.020 ^ NT -

Lettuce (V-5) 486 5 1.0 0.001 - 0.040 0.0003 - 0.008 NT -

Orange Juice 186 0 0.010 ^ 3 5

Oranges 742 0 0.010 - 0.10 3 5

Pears 741 0 0.008 - 0.010 2.0 -

Spinach, Canned 371 0 0.008 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 558 95 17.0 0.0005 - 0.28 0.0003 ^ 3 2

Sweet Potatoes 739 0 0.001 - 0.008 0.1 0.1

Tomatoes 744 7 0.9 0.025 ^ 0.015 ^ 2 2

Winter Squash 364 0 0.008 ^ 2.0 -

TOTAL 8,160 159

Oxamyl oxime (metabolite of Oxamyl)

Apples 72 0 0.010 ^ 2 2

Cantaloupe 53 4 7.5 0.049 - 0.10 0.010 ^ 2.0 2

Cucumbers 18 1 5.6 0.14 ^ 0.010 ^ 2.0 2

Grapes 526 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Orange Juice 186 0 0.010 ^ 3 5

Oranges 241 0 0.010 ^ 3 5

Pears 597 0 0.010 ^ 2.0 -

Sweet Potatoes 36 0 0.010 ^ 0.1 0.1

Winter Squash 36 0 0.010 ^ 2.0 -

TOTAL 1,765 5

Appendix B. Page 32 of 47
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Oxychlordane (metabolite of Chlordane)

Apples 528 0 0.002 - 0.008 NT -

Cauliflower 185 0 0.008 ^ NT -

Lettuce 527 0 0.008 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 558 0 0.002 ^ NT -

TOTAL 1,798 0

Oxydemeton methyl (insecticide)

Strawberries 520 0 0.015 ^ 2 -

TOTAL 520 0

Oxydemeton methyl sulfone (metabolite of Oxydemeton methyl)

Apples 729 0 0.009 - 0.015 1 -

Cantaloupe 215 0 0.015 ^ 0.3 -

Cucumbers 557 2 0.4 0.025 - 0.077 0.015 ^ 1 -

Grapes 738 0 0.015 - 0.023 0.1 -

Grean Beans, Canned 185 0 0.010 - 0.015 0.5 -

Green Beans 548 0 0.010 - 0.015 0.5 -

Lettuce 743 3 0.4 0.015 - 0.17 0.009 - 0.015 2 -

Orange Juice 186 0 0.015 ^ 1 -

Oranges 742 0 0.015 ^ 1 -

Pears 741 0 0.015 - 0.077 0.3 -

Strawberries 731 0 0.002 - 0.015 2 -

Sweet Bell Peppers 558 1 0.2 0.015 ^ 0.009 ^ 0.75 -

Winter Squash 102 0 0.015 ^ 0.3 -

TOTAL 6,775 6

Oxyfluorfen (herbicide)

Apples 392 0 0.010 - 0.030 0.05 -

Cauliflower 185 0 0.010 ^ 0.05 -

Cucumbers 395 0 0.030 ^ NT -

Grapes 738 0 0.025 - 0.030 0.05 -

Lettuce 175 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Orange Juice 132 0 0.030 ^ NT -

Oranges 527 0 0.030 ^ NT -

Pears 741 0 0.025 - 0.030 0.05 -

TOTAL 3,285 0

Parathion (insecticide)

Apples 528 0 0.005 - 0.006 NT -

Cantaloupe 527 0 0.006 ^ NT -

Cauliflower 185 0 0.005 ^ NT -

Cucumbers 557 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Grapes 526 0 0.008 ^ NT -

Grean Beans, Canned 131 0 0.017 ^ NT -

Green Beans 387 0 0.017 ^ NT -

Lettuce 527 0 0.005 - 0.006 NT -

Orange Juice 132 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Oranges 527 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Peaches, Canned 743 0 0.009 ^ NT -

Pears 525 0 0.008 ^ NT -

Spinach, Canned 371 0 0.006 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 558 0 0.006 ^ NT -

Sweet Potatoes 743 0 0.001 - 0.003 NT -

Tomatoes 744 0 0.009 ^ NT -

Winter Squash 262 0 0.006 ^ NT -

TOTAL 7,973 0

Parathion methyl (insecticide)

Apples 528 0 0.002 - 0.005 NT 0.2

Cantaloupe 527 0 0.006 ^ NT -

Cauliflower 185 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Appendix B. Page 33 of 47
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Grapes 526 0 0.004 ^ NT 0.5

Grean Beans, Canned 131 0 0.008 ^ NT -

Green Beans 387 0 0.008 ^ NT -

Lettuce 527 0 0.002 - 0.005 NT -

Pears 525 0 0.004 ^ NT -

Spinach, Canned 371 0 0.006 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 558 0 0.005 ^ NT -

Winter Squash 262 0 0.006 ^ NT -

TOTAL 4,527 0

Parathion methyl oxygen analog (metabolite of Parathion methyl)

Apples 528 0 0.005 - 0.009 NT -

Cauliflower 185 0 0.005 ^ NT -

Lettuce 527 0 0.005 - 0.009 NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 558 0 0.009 ^ NT -

TOTAL 1,798 0

Parathion oxygen analog (metabolite of Parathion)

Apples 528 0 0.003 - 0.006 NT -

Cantaloupe 527 0 0.016 ^ NT -

Cauliflower 185 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Cucumbers 557 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Lettuce 527 0 0.003 - 0.006 NT -

Orange Juice 132 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Oranges 527 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Peaches, Canned 743 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Spinach, Canned 371 0 0.016 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 558 0 0.006 ^ NT -

Sweet Potatoes 743 0 0.001 - 0.002 NT -

Tomatoes 744 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Winter Squash 262 0 0.016 ^ NT -

TOTAL 6,404 0

Pendimethalin (herbicide)

Cantaloupe 527 0 0.016 ^ NT -

Cucumbers 395 0 0.020 ^ NT -

Grapes 526 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Grean Beans, Canned 185 0 0.015 - 0.020 NT -

Green Beans 540 0 0.015 - 0.020 NT -

Orange Juice 132 0 0.020 ^ NT -

Oranges 527 0 0.020 ^ NT -

Pears 525 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Spinach, Canned 371 0 0.016 ^ NT -

Winter Squash 262 0 0.016 ^ NT -

TOTAL 3,990 0

Pentachloroaniline - PCA (metabolite of Quintozene)

Apples 176 0 0.001 ^ NT -

Cauliflower 185 0 0.001 ^ 0.1 -

Grapes 526 0 0.005 ^ NT -

Grean Beans, Canned 131 0 0.010 ^ 0.1 -

Green Beans 387 0 0.010 ^ 0.1 -

Lettuce 175 0 0.001 ^ NT -

Pears 525 0 0.005 ^ NT -

Tomatoes 744 0 0.005 ^ 0.1 -

TOTAL 2,849 0

Pentachlorobenzene - PCB (metabolite of Quintozene)

Apples 528 0 0.002 - 0.006 NT -

Cantaloupe 527 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Cauliflower 185 0 0.002 ^ 0.1 -

Grapes 526 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Grean Beans, Canned 185 0 0.002 - 0.003 0.1 -

Appendix B. Page 34 of 47
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Green Beans 548 0 0.002 - 0.003 0.1 -

Lettuce 527 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Oranges 286 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Pears 525 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Spinach, Canned 371 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 542 0 0.002 ^ 0.1 -

Tomatoes 744 0 0.005 ^ 0.1 -

Winter Squash 262 0 0.002 ^ NT -

TOTAL 5,756 0

Pentachlorophenyl methyl sulfide (metabolite of Quintozene)

Apples 176 0 0.001 ^ NT -

Cauliflower 185 0 0.001 ^ 0.1 -

Grapes 526 0 0.005 ^ NT -

Grean Beans, Canned 131 0 0.010 ^ 0.1 -

Green Beans 387 0 0.010 ^ 0.1 -

Lettuce 175 0 0.001 ^ NT -

Pears 525 0 0.005 ^ NT -

TOTAL 2,105 0

Permethrin Total (insecticide)

Cantaloupe 527 0 0.029 ^ 3.0 0.1

Grapes 526 0 0.038 ^ NT 2

Grean Beans, Canned 131 0 0.075 ^ NT 1

Green Beans (V-1) 387 1 0.3 0.24 ^ 0.075 ^ NT 1

Pears 525 1 0.2 0.063 ^ 0.038 ^ 3.0 2

Spinach, Canned 371 244 65.8 0.048 - 11 0.029 ^ 20.0 2

Winter Squash 262 3 1.1 0.048 - 0.21 0.029 ^ 3.0 0.5

TOTAL 2,729 249

Permethrin cis (isomer of Permethrin)

Apples 744 0 0.002 - 0.012 0.05 2

Cantaloupe 215 3 1.4 0.020 ^ 0.012 ^ 3.0 0.1

Cauliflower 185 0 0.008 ^ 1.0 0.5

Cucumbers 557 1 0.2 0.044 ^ 0.012 - 0.015 3.0 0.5

Grapes 18 0 0.012 ^ NT 2

Lettuce 743 129 17.4 0.004 - 1.0 0.002 - 0.012 20.0 2

Orange Juice 132 0 0.015 ^ NT 0.5

Oranges 527 0 0.015 ^ NT 0.5

Peaches, Canned 743 0 0.023 ^ 5.0 2

Pears 216 0 0.012 ^ 3.0 2

Strawberries 193 0 0.012 ^ NT 1

Sweet Bell Peppers 558 52 9.3 0.004 - 0.060 0.002 ^ 1.0 1

Tomatoes 744 6 0.8 0.025 - 0.051 0.015 - 0.023 2 1

Winter Squash 102 0 0.012 ^ 3.0 0.5

TOTAL 5,677 191

Permethrin trans (isomer of Permethrin)

Apples 744 0 0.006 - 0.012 0.05 2

Cantaloupe 215 2 0.9 0.020 ^ 0.012 ^ 3.0 0.1

Cauliflower 185 0 0.008 ^ 1.0 0.5

Cucumbers 557 2 0.4 0.045 - 0.077 0.012 - 0.015 3.0 0.5

Grapes 18 0 0.012 ^ NT 2

Lettuce 743 92 12.4 0.008 - 0.87 0.006 - 0.012 20.0 2

Orange Juice 132 0 0.015 ^ NT 0.5

Oranges 527 0 0.015 ^ NT 0.5

Peaches, Canned 743 0 0.023 ^ 5.0 2

Pears 216 0 0.012 ^ 3.0 2

Strawberries 193 0 0.012 ^ NT 1

Sweet Bell Peppers 558 40 7.2 0.011 - 0.071 0.006 ^ 1.0 1

Tomatoes 744 10 1.3 0.025 - 0.066 0.015 - 0.023 2 1

Winter Squash 102 0 0.012 ^ 3.0 0.5

TOTAL 5,677 146

Appendix B. Page 35 of 47
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Phenmedipham (herbicide)

Cantaloupe 527 0 0.097 ^ NT -

Spinach, Canned 371 0 0.097 ^ 0.5 -

Winter Squash 262 0 0.097 ^ NT -

TOTAL 1,160 0

Phenothrin (insecticide)

Grapes 460 0 0.015 - 0.075 NT -

Pears 440 0 0.015 - 0.075 NT -

TOTAL 900 0

Phenthoate (insecticide)

Apples 528 0 0.006 ^ NT -

Cauliflower 185 0 0.006 ^ NT -

Lettuce 527 0 0.006 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 558 0 0.006 ^ NT -

TOTAL 1,798 0

o-Phenylphenol (fungicide)

Apples 744 64 8.6 0.005 - 0.090 0.003 - 0.010 25 -

Cantaloupe 742 16 2.2 0.014 - 0.017 0.008 - 0.010 10 -

Cauliflower 185 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Cucumbers 557 79 14.2 0.017 - 0.49 0.010 - 0.011 10 -

Grapes (V-2) 528 2 0.4 0.017 ^ 0.010 - 0.015 NT -

Green Beans (V-67) 104 67 64.4 0.017 ^ 0.010 ^ NT -

Lettuce (V-42) 582 42 7.2 0.017 ^ 0.003 - 0.010 NT -

Orange Juice 186 72 38.7 0.017 ^ 0.010 ^ 10 0.5

Oranges 742 142 19.1 0.017 - 0.062 0.010 ^ 10 10

Peaches, Canned 743 60 8.1 0.023 ^ 0.014 ^ 20 -

Pears 741 83 11.2 0.015 - 13 0.010 - 0.015 25.0 20

Spinach, Canned 371 0 0.008 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 558 19 3.4 0.005 - 0.069 0.003 ^ 10 -

Sweet Potatoes 743 80 10.8 0.015 - 1.4 0.009 - 0.010 15 -

Tomatoes 744 25 3.4 0.023 - 0.33 0.014 ^ 10 -

Winter Squash (V-53) 331 53 16.0 0.014 - 0.017 0.008 - 0.010 NT -

TOTAL 8,601 804

Phorate (insecticide)

Apples 528 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe 527 0 0.012 ^ NT -

Cucumbers 395 0 0.003 - 0.005 NT -

Grapes 526 0 0.004 ^ NT -

Grean Beans, Canned 185 0 0.008 - 0.011 0.1 0.1

Green Beans 548 0 0.003 - 0.011 0.1 0.1

Lettuce 527 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Oranges 286 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Pears 525 0 0.004 ^ NT -

Spinach, Canned 371 0 0.012 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 558 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Winter Squash 262 0 0.012 ^ NT -

TOTAL 5,238 0

Phorate oxygen analog (metabolite of Phorate)

Apples 528 0 0.001 ^ NT -

Lettuce 527 0 0.001 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 558 0 0.001 ^ NT -

TOTAL 1,613 0

Phorate sulfone (metabolite of Phorate)

Apples 528 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe 527 0 0.012 ^ NT -

Cauliflower 185 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Appendix B. Page 36 of 47
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Cucumbers 395 0 0.004 ^ NT -

Grapes 526 0 0.012 ^ NT -

Grean Beans, Canned 185 0 0.004 - 0.005 0.1 0.1

Green Beans 548 0 0.004 - 0.005 0.1 0.1

Lettuce 527 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Oranges 286 0 0.004 ^ NT -

Pears 525 0 0.012 ^ NT -

Spinach, Canned 371 0 0.012 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 558 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Winter Squash 262 0 0.012 ^ NT -

TOTAL 5,423 0

Phorate sulfoxide (metabolite of Phorate)

Apples 528 0 0.009 ^ NT -

Cauliflower 185 0 0.009 ^ NT -

Lettuce 527 0 0.009 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 558 0 0.009 ^ NT -

TOTAL 1,798 0

Phosalone (insecticide)

Apples 744 4 0.5 0.010 - 0.057 0.002 - 0.006 10.0 2

Grapes 738 0 0.006 - 0.015 10.0 -

Grean Beans, Canned 131 0 0.030 ^ NT -

Green Beans 387 0 0.030 ^ NT -

Lettuce 527 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Peaches, Canned 743 0 0.039 ^ 15.0 2

Pears 741 0 0.006 - 0.015 10.0 2

Sweet Bell Peppers 558 0 0.002 ^ NT -

TOTAL 4,569 4

Phosmet (insecticide)

Apples 744 113 15.2 0.008 - 0.52 0.005 ^ 10 10

Cantaloupe 527 0 0.012 ^ NT -

Cucumbers 395 0 0.005 ^ NT -

Grapes 738 5 0.7 0.012 - 1.1 0.005 - 0.008 10 10

Grean Beans, Canned 131 0 0.017 ^ NT -

Green Beans 387 0 0.017 ^ NT -

Lettuce 527 0 0.005 ^ NT -

Orange Juice 186 0 0.005 ^ 5 5

Oranges 742 0 0.005 ^ 5 5

Peaches, Canned 743 0 0.018 ^ 10 10

Pears 741 128 17.3 0.008 - 1.6 0.005 - 0.008 10 10

Spinach, Canned 371 0 0.012 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 558 0 0.005 ^ NT -

Sweet Potatoes 743 37 5.0 0.003 - 0.18 0.002 - 0.005 10 -

Winter Squash 262 0 0.012 ^ NT -

TOTAL 7,795 283

Phosphamidon (insecticide)

Apples 528 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe 527 0 0.029 ^ NT -

Cauliflower 185 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Grapes 526 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Grean Beans, Canned 131 0 0.033 ^ NT -

Green Beans 387 0 0.033 ^ NT -

Lettuce 527 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Pears 525 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Spinach, Canned 371 0 0.029 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 558 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Winter Squash 262 0 0.029 ^ NT -

TOTAL 4,527 0

Appendix B. Page 37 of 47
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Piperonyl butoxide (insecticide)

Apples 730 0 0.005 - 0.016 8 -

Cantaloupe 742 0 0.008 - 0.010 8 1

Cauliflower 139 0 0.005 ^ EX -

Cucumbers 395 0 0.010 - 0.011 EX 1

Grapes 738 0 0.010 - 0.015 8 -

Grean Beans, Canned 185 0 0.010 - 0.015 8 -

Green Beans 540 0 0.010 - 0.015 8 -

Lettuce 685 5 0.7 0.074 - 0.58 0.005 - 0.010 EX 50

Orange Juice 186 0 0.010 ^ 8 0.05

Oranges 742 0 0.010 ^ 8 5

Peaches, Canned 743 0 0.014 ^ 8 -

Pears 741 0 0.010 - 0.015 8 -

Spinach, Canned 371 4 1.1 0.014 - 2.4 0.008 ^ EX 50

Sweet Bell Peppers 558 0 0.005 ^ EX 2

Sweet Potatoes 743 49 6.6 0.017 - 0.21 0.010 - 0.013 0.25 0.5

Tomatoes 744 31 4.2 0.023 - 0.46 0.014 ^ 8 2

Winter Squash 364 0 0.008 - 0.010 EX 1

TOTAL 9,346 89

Pirimicarb (insecticide)

Apples 528 0 0.010 ^ NT 1

Cauliflower 185 0 0.010 ^ NT 1

Lettuce 527 0 0.010 ^ NT 1

Sweet Bell Peppers 558 0 0.010 ^ NT 1

TOTAL 1,798 0

Pirimiphos methyl (insecticide)

Apples 528 0 0.002 ^ NT 2

Cantaloupe 527 0 0.016 ^ NT -

Cauliflower 185 0 0.002 ^ NT 2

Cucumbers 395 0 0.003 ^ NT 1

Grapes 526 0 0.004 ^ NT -

Grean Beans, Canned 131 0 0.008 ^ NT 0.5

Green Beans 387 0 0.008 ^ NT 0.5

Lettuce 527 0 0.002 ^ NT 5

Oranges 286 0 0.003 ^ NT 2

Pears 525 0 0.004 ^ NT 2

Spinach, Canned 371 0 0.016 ^ NT 5

Sweet Bell Peppers 558 0 0.002 ^ NT 1

Winter Squash 262 0 0.016 ^ NT -

TOTAL 5,208 0

Prallethrin (insecticide)

Apples 216 0 0.010 ^ 1.0 -

Cantaloupe 742 0 0.010 - 0.024 1.0 -

Grapes 212 0 0.010 ^ 1.0 -

Lettuce 216 0 0.010 ^ 1.0 -

Orange Juice 186 0 0.010 ^ 1.0 -

Oranges 742 0 0.010 ^ 1.0 -

Pears 216 0 0.010 ^ 1.0 -

Spinach, Canned 371 0 0.024 ^ 1.0 -

Strawberries 731 0 0.010 - 0.082 1.0 -

Winter Squash 364 0 0.010 - 0.024 1.0 -

TOTAL 3,996 0

Prochloraz (fungicide)

Grapes 526 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Grean Beans, Canned 131 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Green Beans 387 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Pears (V-1) 525 1 0.2 0.013 ^ 0.002 - 0.005 NT -

TOTAL 1,569 1

Appendix B. Page 38 of 47
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Procymidone (fungicide)

Grapes 526 0 0.005 ^ NT 5

Pears 525 0 0.005 ^ NT 1

TOTAL 1,051 0

Profenofos (insecticide)

Apples 528 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Cauliflower 185 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Grapes 526 0 0.011 ^ NT -

Lettuce 527 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Pears 525 0 0.011 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 558 0 0.002 ^ NT 0.5

TOTAL 2,849 0

Prometryn (herbicide)

Apples 513 0 0.007 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe 527 0 0.049 ^ NT -

Cauliflower 108 0 0.007 ^ NT -

Cucumbers 395 0 0.010 - 0.011 NT -

Lettuce 513 0 0.007 - 0.022 NT -

Orange Juice 132 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Oranges 527 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Spinach, Canned 371 0 0.049 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 558 0 0.007 ^ NT -

Winter Squash 262 0 0.049 ^ NT -

TOTAL 3,906 0

Pronamide (herbicide)

Apples 744 0 0.006 - 0.007 0.1 -

Cantaloupe 527 0 0.018 ^ NT -

Cauliflower 185 0 0.006 ^ NT -

Grapes 738 0 0.007 - 0.008 0.1 -

Grean Beans, Canned 131 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Green Beans 387 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Lettuce 743 8 1.1 0.010 - 0.038 0.006 - 0.007 1.0 -

Oranges 286 0 0.006 ^ NT -

Peaches, Canned 743 0 0.014 ^ 0.1 -

Pears 741 0 0.007 - 0.008 0.1 -

Spinach, Canned 371 0 0.018 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 558 0 0.006 ^ NT -

Winter Squash 262 0 0.018 ^ NT -

TOTAL 6,416 8

Propargite (insecticide)

Apples (V-1) 528 1 0.2 0.15 ^ 0.026 - 0.088 NT 3

Cantaloupe 527 0 0.008 ^ NT -

Cauliflower 185 0 0.026 ^ NT -

Cucumbers 395 0 0.020 ^ NT -

Grapes 738 1 0.1 0.51 ^ 0.015 - 0.020 10 7

Lettuce 527 0 0.026 ^ NT -

Orange Juice 186 0 0.020 ^ 5 0.3

Oranges 742 0 0.020 ^ 5 3

Pears (V-3) 525 3 0.6 0.016 - 0.12 0.015 - 0.30 NT 5

Spinach, Canned 371 0 0.008 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 558 0 0.026 ^ NT -

Winter Squash 262 0 0.008 ^ NT -

TOTAL 5,544 5

Propetamphos (insecticide)

Apples 744 0 0.002 - 0.003 0.1 -

Cantaloupe 742 0 0.003 - 0.008 0.1 -

Cauliflower 185 0 0.002 ^ 0.1 -

Appendix B. Page 39 of 47
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Cucumbers 395 0 0.003 ^ 0.1 -

Grapes 738 0 0.003 - 0.004 0.1 -

Lettuce 743 0 0.002 - 0.003 0.1 -

Orange Juice 186 0 0.003 ^ 0.1 -

Oranges 742 0 0.003 ^ 0.1 -

Pears 741 0 0.003 - 0.004 0.1 -

Spinach, Canned 371 0 0.008 ^ 0.1 -

Strawberries 731 0 0.0006 - 0.003 0.1 -

Sweet Bell Peppers 558 0 0.002 ^ 0.1 -

Winter Squash 364 0 0.003 - 0.008 0.1 -

TOTAL 7,240 0

Propiconazole (fungicide)

Apples 484 0 0.002 - 0.005 NT -

Cantaloupe 527 0 0.016 ^ NT -

Cauliflower 108 0 0.005 ^ NT -

Cucumbers 395 0 0.036 ^ NT -

Lettuce 397 0 0.005 - 0.008 NT -

Orange Juice 132 0 0.036 ^ NT -

Oranges 527 0 0.036 ^ NT -

Peaches, Canned 743 0 0.035 ^ 1.0 1

Spinach, Canned 371 0 0.016 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers (V-1) 466 1 0.2 0.004 ^ 0.002 ^ NT -

Winter Squash 262 0 0.016 ^ NT -

TOTAL 4,412 1

Propoxur (insecticide) 

Grapes 109 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Green Beans 301 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Pears 86 0 0.010 ^ NT -

TOTAL 496 0

Pymetrozine (insecticide)

Cauliflower 124 0 0.005 ^ 0.5 -

Lettuce 483 2 0.4 0.008 - 0.015 0.005 - 0.009 0.6 -

Sweet Bell Peppers 370 2 0.5 0.015 - 0.031 0.009 ^ 0.2 -

Sweet Potatoes 392 0 0.087 ^ 0.02 -

TOTAL 1,369 4

Pyridaben (insecticide)

Apples 216 0 0.015 ^ 0.5 -

Grapes 212 2 0.9 0.025 ^ 0.015 ^ 1.5 -

Orange Juice 186 0 0.010 - 0.015 0.5 -

Oranges 742 0 0.010 - 0.015 0.5 -

Peaches, Canned 743 0 0.041 ^ 2.5 -

Pears 216 0 0.015 ^ 0.75 -

TOTAL 2,315 2

Pyriproxyfen (insecticide, growth regulator)

Apples 744 0 0.005 - 0.013 0.2 -

Cantaloupe 215 0 0.005 ^ 0.10 -

Cauliflower 185 0 0.013 ^ 0.70 -

Grapes 738 0 0.005 - 0.015 0.10 -

Grean Beans, Canned 131 0 0.030 ^ 0.10 -

Green Beans 379 0 0.030 ^ 0.10 -

Lettuce 743 0 0.005 - 0.013 0.10 -

Orange Juice 186 0 0.005 - 0.008 0.3 0.5

Oranges 742 0 0.005 - 0.008 0.3 0.5

Peaches, Canned 743 0 0.014 ^ 1.0 -

Pears 741 1 0.1 0.008 ^ 0.005 - 0.015 0.2 -

Strawberries 211 5 2.4 0.008 - 0.14 0.005 ^ 0.30 -

Sweet Bell Peppers 558 0 0.013 ^ 0.2 -

Appendix B. Page 40 of 47
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Tomatoes 744 8 1.1 0.023 - 0.058 0.014 ^ 0.2 -

Winter Squash 102 0 0.005 ^ 0.10 -

TOTAL 7,162 14

Quintozene - PCNB (fungicide) (parent of HCB, PCA and PCB)

Apples 498 0 0.003 - 0.019 NT -

Cantaloupe 527 0 0.004 ^ NT -

Cauliflower 108 0 0.019 ^ 0.1 -

Cucumbers 395 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Grapes 526 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Grean Beans, Canned 185 0 0.001 - 0.003 0.1 0.1

Green Beans 548 32 5.8 0.001 - 0.014 0.0008 - 0.003 0.1 0.1

Lettuce 469 0 0.003 - 0.040 NT -

Oranges 286 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Pears 525 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Spinach, Canned 371 0 0.004 ^ NT -

Strawberries 193 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 526 0 0.003 - 0.019 0.1 0.05

Tomatoes 744 0 0.006 ^ 0.1 0.02

Winter Squash 262 0 0.004 ^ NT -

TOTAL 6,163 32

Resmethrin (insecticide)

Apples 216 0 0.010 ^ 3.0 -

Cantaloupe 742 0 0.010 - 0.032 3.0 -

Grapes 673 0 0.010 - 0.075 3.0 -

Lettuce 216 0 0.010 ^ 3.0 -

Orange Juice 186 0 0.010 ^ 3.0 -

Oranges 742 0 0.010 ^ 3.0 -

Pears 720 0 0.010 - 0.30 3.0 -

Spinach, Canned 371 0 0.032 ^ 3.0 -

Strawberries 211 0 0.010 ^ 3.0 -

Sweet Potatoes 216 0 0.010 ^ 3.0 -

Winter Squash 364 0 0.010 - 0.032 3.0 -

TOTAL 4,657 0

Resmethrin cis (isomer of Resmethrin)

Apples 528 0 0.002 - 0.008 3.0 -

Cauliflower 185 0 0.008 ^ 3.0 -

Lettuce 527 0 0.008 - 0.016 3.0 -

Sweet Bell Peppers 558 0 0.002 ^ 3.0 -

TOTAL 1,798 0

Resmethrin trans (isomer of Resmethrin)

Apples 528 0 0.002 - 0.008 3.0 -

Cauliflower 185 0 0.008 ^ 3.0 -

Lettuce 527 0 0.008 - 0.016 3.0 -

Sweet Bell Peppers 558 0 0.002 ^ 3.0 -

TOTAL 1,798 0

Sethoxydim (herbicide) 

Cantaloupe 87 0 0.13 ^ 4.0 -

Winter Squash 118 0 0.13 ^ 4.0 -

TOTAL 205 0

Simazine (herbicide)

Apples 744 0 0.002 - 0.010 0.25 -

Cantaloupe 527 0 0.018 ^ NT -

Cauliflower 185 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Cucumbers 395 0 0.010 - 0.011 NT -

Grapes 738 0 0.010 - 0.011 0.25 -

Grean Beans, Canned 131 0 0.023 ^ NT -

Appendix B. Page 41 of 47
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Green Beans 387 0 0.023 ^ NT -

Lettuce 527 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Orange Juice 186 0 0.010 ^ 0.25 -

Oranges 742 0 0.010 ^ 0.25 -

Peaches, Canned 743 0 0.036 ^ 0.25 -

Pears 741 0 0.010 - 0.011 0.25 -

Spinach, Canned 371 0 0.018 ^ NT -

Strawberries 211 0 0.010 ^ 0.25 -

Sweet Bell Peppers 558 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Winter Squash 262 0 0.018 ^ NT -

TOTAL 7,448 0

Spinosad A (insecticide)

Strawberries 457 33 7.2 0.035 - 0.12 0.021 ^ 1.0 -

Sweet Potatoes 399 0 0.013 ^ 0.10 -

TOTAL 856 33

Spinosad D (insecticide)

Strawberries 454 4 0.9 0.033 ^ 0.020 ^ 1.0 -

Sweet Potatoes 399 0 0.013 ^ 0.10 -

TOTAL 853 4

Sulfentrazone (herbicide) 

Strawberries 518 0 0.020 ^ 0.60 -

TOTAL 518 0

Sulprofos (insecticide)

Apples 528 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Cauliflower 185 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Lettuce 527 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 558 0 0.002 ^ NT -

TOTAL 1,798 0

Tebuconazole (fungicide)

Apples (V-1) 498 1 0.2 0.013 ^ 0.002 ^ NT 0.5

Cauliflower 185 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Cucumbers (V-1) 395 1 0.3 0.033 ^ 0.020 ^ NT 0.2

Grapes 738 39 5.3 0.033 - 0.27 0.020 - 0.023 5.0 2

Grean Beans, Canned 131 0 0.045 ^ NT -

Green Beans 387 0 0.045 ^ NT -

Lettuce (V-1) 483 1 0.2 0.003 ^ 0.002 ^ NT -

Orange Juice 132 0 0.020 ^ NT -

Oranges 527 0 0.020 ^ NT -

Peaches, Canned 743 0 0.066 ^ 1.0 1

Pears 525 0 0.023 ^ NT 0.5

Sweet Bell Peppers 558 0 0.002 ^ NT 0.5

TOTAL 5,302 42

Tebufenozide (insecticide)

Apples 700 27 3.9 0.005 - 0.10 0.003 ^ 1.0 1

Cauliflower 139 0 0.003 ^ 5.0 -

Grapes 738 7 0.9 0.003 - 0.19 0.001 - 0.003 3.0 2

Green Beans (V-2) 2 2 100 0.028 - 0.043 0.003 ^ NT -

Lettuce 670 4 0.6 0.005 - 0.27 0.003 - 0.010 10.0 10

Pears 741 18 2.4 0.005 - 0.24 0.001 - 0.003 1.5 1

Sweet Bell Peppers 464 36 7.8 0.005 - 0.11 0.003 ^ 1.0 1

Sweet Potatoes 523 0 0.011 ^ 0.25 -

TOTAL 3,977 94

Tecnazene (fungicide)

Apples 426 0 0.005 ^ NT -

Cauliflower 185 0 0.005 ^ NT -

Appendix B. Page 42 of 47
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Grapes 526 0 0.001 ^ NT -

Grean Beans, Canned 131 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Green Beans 387 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Lettuce 468 0 0.005 ^ NT -

Pears 525 0 0.001 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 448 0 0.005 ^ NT -

TOTAL 3,096 0

TEPP (insecticide)

Apples 528 0 0.006 ^ NT -

Lettuce 527 0 0.006 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 558 0 0.006 ^ NT -

TOTAL 1,613 0

Terbacil (herbicide)

Apples 744 0 0.006 - 0.020 0.3 -

Cantaloupe 527 0 0.018 ^ NT -

Cauliflower 185 0 0.006 ^ NT -

Cucumbers 395 0 0.020 ^ NT -

Grapes 526 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Lettuce 527 0 0.006 ^ NT -

Oranges 132 0 0.020 ^ NT -

Peaches, Canned 743 0 0.039 ^ 0.2 -

Pears 525 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Spinach, Canned 371 0 0.018 ^ NT -

Strawberries 211 0 0.020 ^ 0.1 -

Sweet Bell Peppers 558 0 0.006 ^ NT -

Winter Squash 262 0 0.018 ^ NT -

TOTAL 5,706 0

Terbufos (insecticide)

Apples 528 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe 527 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Cauliflower 185 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Cucumbers 395 0 0.006 ^ NT -

Grapes 526 0 0.005 ^ NT -

Lettuce 527 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Oranges 286 0 0.006 ^ NT -

Pears 525 0 0.005 ^ NT -

Spinach, Canned 371 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 558 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Winter Squash 262 0 0.015 ^ NT -

TOTAL 4,690 0

Terbufos sulfone (metabolite of Terbufos)

Apples 528 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe 527 0 0.018 ^ NT -

Cauliflower 185 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Cucumbers 395 0 0.004 ^ NT -

Grapes 526 0 0.005 ^ NT -

Grean Beans, Canned 131 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Green Beans 322 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Lettuce 527 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Oranges 286 0 0.004 ^ NT -

Pears 525 0 0.005 ^ NT -

Spinach, Canned 371 0 0.018 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 558 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Winter Squash 262 0 0.018 ^ NT -

TOTAL 5,143 0

Tetrachlorvinphos (insecticide)

Apples 528 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe 527 0 0.008 ^ NT -

Appendix B. Page 43 of 47
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Cauliflower 185 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Cucumbers 395 0 0.006 ^ NT -

Lettuce 527 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Oranges 286 0 0.006 ^ NT -

Spinach, Canned 371 0 0.008 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 558 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Winter Squash 262 0 0.008 ^ NT -

TOTAL 3,639 0

Tetradifon (insecticide)

Apples 744 0 0.010 - 0.032 5 -

Cantaloupe 742 0 0.012 - 0.028 1 -

Cauliflower 169 0 0.032 - 0.13 NT -

Cucumbers 557 0 0.006 - 0.012 1 -

Grapes 738 0 0.004 - 0.012 5 -

Grean Beans, Canned 131 0 0.008 ^ NT -

Green Beans 387 0 0.008 ^ NT -

Lettuce 527 0 0.010 - 0.064 NT -

Orange Juice 186 0 0.012 ^ 2 -

Oranges 742 0 0.012 ^ 2 -

Peaches, Canned 743 0 0.012 ^ 5 -

Pears 741 0 0.004 - 0.012 5 -

Spinach, Canned 371 0 0.028 ^ NT -

Strawberries 731 0 0.004 - 0.012 5 -

Sweet Bell Peppers 558 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Tomatoes 744 0 0.012 ^ 1 -

Winter Squash 364 0 0.012 - 0.028 1 -

TOTAL 9,175 0

Tetrahydrophthalimide - THPI (metabolite of Captafol and Captan)

Apples 568 72 12.7 0.033 - 0.83 0.020 - 0.040 25 -

Cantaloupe 302 0 0.009 - 0.040 25 -

Cauliflower 123 0 0.066 ^ 2 -

Grapes 738 68 9.2 0.067 - 1.3 0.040 - 0.075 50 -

Green Beans 4 4 100 0.13 - 0.54 0.040 ^ 25 -

Lettuce 567 0 0.020 - 0.060 100 -

Pears 741 49 6.6 0.067 - 0.86 0.040 - 0.075 25 -

Strawberries 211 145 68.7 0.067 - 1.5 0.040 ^ 25 -

Sweet Bell Peppers 310 4 1.3 0.033 ^ 0.020 ^ 25 -

Winter Squash 232 0 0.009 - 0.060 25 -

TOTAL 3,796 342

Tetramethrin (insecticide)

Grapes 526 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Pears 525 0 0.015 ^ NT -

TOTAL 1,051 0

Thiabendazole (fungicide)

Apples 744 644 86.6 0.0002 - 5.8 0.0001 - 0.030 10 3

Cantaloupe 742 8 1.1 0.075 - 0.38 0.030 - 0.045 15.0 -

Cauliflower 185 0 0.0005 ^ NT -

Cucumbers 395 0 0.010 - 0.030 NT -

Grapes 526 0 0.050 ^ NT -

Lettuce (V-43) 527 43 8.2 0.0002 - 0.032 0.0001 ^ NT -

Orange Juice 186 0 0.030 ^ 10 10

Oranges 742 252 34.0 0.050 - 0.75 0.030 ^ 10 10

Pears 741 481 64.9 0.050 - 4.3 0.030 - 0.050 10 3

Spinach, Canned 371 0 0.045 ^ NT -

Strawberries 731 0 0.0002 - 0.030 5.0 -

Sweet Bell Peppers (V-152) 558 152 27.2 0.0002 - 0.003 0.0001 ^ NT -

Sweet Potatoes 216 0 0.030 ^ 0.02 -

Winter Squash 364 0 0.030 - 0.045 1 -

TOTAL 7,028 1,580

Appendix B. Page 44 of 47
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Thiamethoxam (insecticide)

Apples 513 0 0.015 ^ 0.2 -

Cauliflower 185 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Lettuce 497 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 558 30 5.4 0.025 ^ 0.015 ^ 0.25 -

Sweet Potatoes 523 0 0.006 ^ 0.02 -

TOTAL 2,276 30

Thiazopyr (herbicide) 

Orange Juice 132 0 0.010 ^ 0.05 -

Oranges 527 0 0.010 ^ 0.05 -

TOTAL 659 0

Thiobencarb (herbicide)

Cucumbers 395 0 0.010 - 0.011 NT -

Lettuce 216 0 0.010 ^ 0.2 -

Orange Juice 132 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Oranges 527 0 0.010 ^ NT -

TOTAL 1,270 0

Thiodicarb (insecticide) 

Lettuce 162 0 0.002 ^ 35 5

Pears (V-1) 1 1 100 0.021 ^ 0.002 ^ NT 2

TOTAL 163 1

Tri-Allate (herbicide)

Grapes 526 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Pears 525 0 0.015 ^ NT -

TOTAL 1,051 0

Triadimefon (fungicide)

Apples 700 0 0.0009 - 0.025 1.0 0.5

Cantaloupe 742 0 0.023 - 0.025 0.3 0.1

Cauliflower 185 0 0.0009 ^ NT -

Cucumbers 557 1 0.2 0.042 ^ 0.025 - 0.026 0.3 0.1

Grapes 738 0 0.011 - 0.025 1.0 0.5

Grean Beans, Canned 131 0 0.023 ^ NT -

Green Beans 387 0 0.023 ^ NT -

Lettuce 469 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Orange Juice 132 0 0.025 ^ NT -

Oranges 527 0 0.025 ^ NT -

Pears 741 0 0.011 - 0.025 1.0 0.5

Spinach, Canned 371 0 0.023 ^ NT -

Strawberries 193 0 0.025 ^ NT 0.1

Sweet Bell Peppers 480 0 0.003 ^ NT 0.1

Winter Squash 364 0 0.023 - 0.025 0.3 0.1

TOTAL 6,717 1

Triadimenol (metabolite of Triadimefon)

Cantaloupe 215 0 0.015 ^ NT 2

Cucumbers (V-1) 109 1 0.9 0.025 ^ 0.015 ^ NT 2

Grapes (V-15) 212 15 7.1 0.025 - 0.22 0.015 ^ NT 2

Pears 216 0 0.015 ^ NT 0.5

Winter Squash 102 0 0.015 ^ NT 2

TOTAL 854 16

1,2,4-Triazole (common metabolite of triazole compounds)

Strawberries 518 0 0.036 ^ NT -

TOTAL 518 0

Triazole acetic acid - TAA (common metabolite of triazole compounds)

Strawberries 518 0 0.011 ^ NT -

TOTAL 518 0

Appendix B. Page 45 of 47
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Triazole alanine - TA (common metabolite of triazole compounds)

Strawberries (V-64) 518 64 12.4 0.060 - 0.13 0.036 ^ NT -

TOTAL 518 64

Trifloxystrobin (fungicide) 

Orange Juice 132 0 0.010 ^ 0.3 -

Oranges 527 0 0.010 ^ 0.3 -

TOTAL 659 0

Triflumizole (fungicide)

Apples 216 0 0.050 ^ 0.5 -

Cantaloupe 742 0 0.040 - 0.050 0.5 -

Grapes 738 0 0.020 - 0.050 2.5 -

Pears 741 0 0.020 - 0.050 0.5 -

Spinach, Canned 371 0 0.040 ^ NT -

Strawberries 211 3 1.4 0.083 - 0.18 0.050 ^ 2.0 -

Winter Squash 364 0 0.040 - 0.050 0.5 -

TOTAL 3,383 3

Trifluralin (herbicide)

Apples 528 0 0.0005 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe 742 0 0.008 - 0.017 0.05 -

Cauliflower 185 0 0.0005 ^ 0.05 -

Cucumbers 557 0 0.017 ^ 0.05 -

Grapes 738 0 0.015 - 0.017 0.05 -

Grean Beans, Canned 185 0 0.015 - 0.017 0.05 -

Green Beans 540 0 0.015 - 0.017 0.05 -

Lettuce 743 13 1.7 0.0008 - 0.003 0.0005 - 0.017 0.05 -

Orange Juice 186 0 0.017 ^ 0.05 -

Oranges 742 0 0.017 ^ 0.05 -

Peaches, Canned 743 0 0.024 ^ 0.05 -

Pears 525 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Spinach, Canned 371 0 0.008 ^ 0.05 -

Sweet Bell Peppers 558 1 0.2 0.0008 ^ 0.0005 ^ 0.05 -

Sweet Potatoes 743 0 0.001 - 0.017 0.05 -

Tomatoes 744 0 0.024 ^ 0.05 -

Winter Squash 364 0 0.008 - 0.017 0.05 -

TOTAL 9,194 14

Triforine (fungicide)

Apples 528 0 0.003 ^ 0.01 2

Cauliflower 185 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Lettuce 513 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 558 0 0.003 ^ 5.0 -

TOTAL 1,784 0

Vernolate (herbicide)

Cantaloupe 527 0 0.016 ^ NT -

Spinach, Canned 371 0 0.016 ^ NT -

Sweet Potatoes 743 0 0.008 - 0.050 NT -

Winter Squash 262 0 0.016 ^ NT -

TOTAL 1,903 0

Vinclozolin (fungicide)

Apples 528 0 0.004 ^ NT 1

Cantaloupe 527 0 0.014 ^ NT 1

Cauliflower 185 0 0.004 ^ NT 1

Cucumbers 557 0 0.002 - 0.010 NT 1

Grapes 526 0 0.003 ^ NT 5

Grean Beans, Canned 185 4 2.2 0.005 ^ 0.003 - 0.010 2.0 2

Green Beans 548 43 7.8 0.004 - 0.41 0.003 - 0.010 2.0 2

Lettuce 743 6 0.8 0.006 - 0.11 0.004 - 0.010 10.0 5

Appendix B. Page 46 of 47
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Orange Juice 132 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Oranges 527 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Pears 525 0 0.003 ^ NT 1

Spinach, Canned 371 0 0.014 ^ NT -

Strawberries (V-1) 1 1 100 0.034 ^ 0.010 ^ NT 10

Sweet Bell Peppers (V-2) 558 2 0.4 0.006 - 0.036 0.004 ^ NT 3

Winter Squash 262 0 0.014 ^ NT -

TOTAL 6,175 56

Zoxamide (fungicide)

Cantaloupe 527 0 0.020 ^ 1.0 -

Spinach, Canned 371 0 0.020 ^ NT -

Winter Squash 262 0 0.020 ^ 1.0 -

TOTAL 1,160 0

NOTES

Only one distinct detected concentration or LOD value was reported for the pair.

No tolerance level was set for that pesticide/commodity pair.

Numbers shown are Action Levels established by FDA and Codex Extraneous Maximum Residue Levels (EMRLs) for some

pesticides. Under FQPA, responsibility for establishing tolerances in lieu of action levels has been transferred to EPA. In the

interim, action levels are used.

Exempt from tolerance application.

Safe use in spot and/or crack and crevice treatments.

Residue was found where no tolerance was established by EPA. Following "V" are the number of occurrences.

Residue was found which exceeds EPA tolerance or FDA action level. Following "X" are the number of occurrences.

Previously reported as lambda cyhalothrin total, which included lambda cyhalothrin (a 1:1 mixture of the cis-(1R,3R),S-enantiomer

and the cis-(1S,3S),R-enantiomer) as well as R157836 (a 1:1 mixture of the cis-(1S,3S),S-enantiomer and the cis-(1R,3R),

R-enantiomer).

^

(V) =

(X) =

** =

NT =

AL =

EX =

SU

Many of the listed tolerances and MRLs are the sum of a parent compound and metabolite(s)/isomer(s). The 

reader is advised to refer to EPA for the complete listing of compounds in tolerance expressions and to Codex for 

the complete listing of compounds in MRL expressions.

Appendix B. Page 47 of 47
Appendix C 

Distribution of Residues by Pesticide 

in Soybeans 

Appendix C shows residue detections for all soybean compounds tested, including 

range of values detected, range of Limits of Detection (LODs), and Environmental 

Protection Agency (EPA) and Codex Maximum Residue Limit/Extraneous Maximum 

Residue Limit (MRL/EMRL) tolerance references for each pair. 

In 2004, PDP analyzed 616 soybean samples. A total of 256 samples (42 percent) 

were reported with residue detections. All residue detections were much lower than the 

established tolerances. 

See Appendix B for definition of MRLs. 

MRLs/EMRLs shown in this appendix are from the Codex Alimentarius: Proc. of 

Codex Committee on Pesticide Residues, 37th Session, April 18-23, 2005, The Hague, The 

Netherlands. Only Codex MRLs (CXLs) are listed. 

Because residues are expressed in ppb, EPA Tolerances and Codex MRLs have 

been multiplied by a factor of 1,000 as a basis for comparison using a single scale. There 

is no intention to imply any more exactness in the value than that originally expressed by 

EPA and Codex. 

The information herein is only intended to be an initial reference. Readers are 

reminded that international regulations and MRLs may change and that it is important that 

information obtained from this table be verified with knowledgeable parties in the market of 

interest prior to sale or shipment of exports. 
Pesticide

Pest. 

Type

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of 

Samples w/ 

Detects

Range of 

Values 

Detected, ppb

Range of 

LODs, ppb

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppb*

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppb*

3-Hydroxycarbofuran IM 548 3.0 ^ 200 -

5-Hydroxythiabendazole FM 542 3.0 ^ 100 -

Acephate I 596 40 ^ 1000 500

Acetochlor H 616 3.1 ^ 100 -

Alachlor H 616 5 0.8 8.0 - 17 1.2 ^ 200 -

Aldicarb I 428 10 ^ 20 20

Aldicarb sulfone IM 531 3.0 ^ 20 20

Aldicarb sulfoxide IM 532 10 ^ 20 20

Aldrin I 596 12.5 ^ 50 50

Bendiocarb I 523 1.5 ^ SU -

Benoxacor S 616 3.0 ^ 10 -

Boscalid F 616 1.5 ^ 2000 -

Carbaryl I 586 3.0 ^ 5000 200

Carbendazim - MBC F 616 1.5 ^ 200 200

Carbofuran I 611 3.0 ^ 200 -

Carboxin FM 592 1.2 ^ 200 -

Chlorimuron ethyl H 557 10 ^ 50 -

Chlorpyrifos I 616 178 28.9 5.0 - 25.2 3.0 ^ 300 -

Clofencet P 594 30 ^ 30000 -

Clomazone H 616 3.0 ^ 50 -

Clothianidin I 606 3.0 ^ NT -

Cyfluthrin I 537 10 ^ 50 -

Cyhalothrin, epimer R157836 I 96 4.0 ^ 10 -

Cyhalothrin, Lambda I 500 4.0 ^ 10 -

Cypermethrin I 596 25 ^ 50 50

DDD p,p' IM 616 1.5 ^ 200 -

DDE p,p' IM 596 1.9 ^ 200 -

Deltamethrin - includes 

parent Tralomethrin I 496 15 - 27 50 200

Dieldrin I 616 4 0.6 4.0 ^ 2.4 ^ 50 50

Dimethenamid H 616 1.0 ^ 10 -

Dimethoate I 616 8.0 ^ 50 -

Disulfoton I 616 6.0 ^ 100 -

Disulfoton sulfone IM 616 30 ^ 100 -

APPENDIX C. DISTRIBUTION OF RESIDUES BY PESTICIDE IN SOYBEANS

Appendix C. Page 1 of 3
Pesticide

Pest. 

Type

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of 

Samples w/ 

Detects

Range of 

Values 

Detected, ppb

Range of 

LODs, ppb

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppb*

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppb*

Disulfoton sulfoxide IM 551 3.6 ^ 100 -

Endrin I 616 5.4 ^ 50 -

EPTC H 522 3.0 ^ 100 -

Esfenvalerate I 616 10 ^ 50 -

Ethalfluralin H 595 0.80 ^ 50 -

Fenoxaprop ethyl H 616 1.5 ^ 50 -

Fenpropathrin I 616 4.2 ^ NT -

Fluazifop butyl H 616 3.0 ^ 1000 -

Fludioxonil F 597 8.0 ^ 10 -

Flumetsulam H 596 10 ^ 50 -

Fluridone H 511 1.0 ^ 100 -

Hydroprene R 596 1 0.2 35 ^ 21 ^ 200 -

Imazaquin H 587 3.0 ^ 50 -

Imidacloprid I 571 3.0 ^ 300 -

Indoxacarb I 591 27 ^ NT -

Lactofen H 606 9.0 ^ 50 -

Linuron H 601 3.0 ^ 1000 -

Malathion I 616 72 11.7 9.7 - 179 5.8 ^ 8000 -

Malathion oxygen analog IM 596 2.7 ^ NT -

Metalaxyl F 616 2.0 ^ 1000 50

Methamidophos IM 557 30 ^ 1000 50

Methomyl I 611 3.0 ^ 200 200

Methoxyfenozide I 557 3.0 ^ 100.0 -

Metolachlor H 616 1.9 ^ 200 -

Metribuzin H 616 6.5 ^ 300 -

Myclobutanil F 613 1.9 ^ 30 -

Norflurazon H 616 15 ^ 100 -

Norflurazon desmethyl HM 96 5.0 ^ 100 -

Omethoate IM 616 4.2 ^ 50 -

Oxadixyl F 616 3.0 ^ NT -

Oxamyl I 579 3.0 ^ 200 -

Oxyfluorfen H 606 2.0 ^ 50 -

Parathion ethyl I 616 4.2 ^ 100 -

Parathion methyl I 577 6.1 ^ 100 -

Appendix C. Page 2 of 3
Pesticide

Pest. 

Type

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of 

Samples w/ 

Detects

Range of 

Values 

Detected, ppb

Range of 

LODs, ppb

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppb*

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppb*

Parathion methyl oxygen 

analog IM 563 1.7 ^ NT -

Parathion oxygen analog IM 596 25 ^ NT -

Pendimethalin H 616 6.0 ^ NT -

Permethrin Total I 596 13 2.2 15.5 ^ 9.3 ^ 50 50

Phorate I 616 4.4 ^ 100 50

Prallethrin I 616 45 ^ 1000 -

Propetamphos I 616 5 0.8 2.0 ^ 1.0 ^ 100 -

Pyriproxyfen I 616 32.3 ^ 100.0 -

Quizalofop ethyl H 616 1.9 ^ 50 -

Resmethrin I 597 2.3 ^ 30000 -

Spinosad A I 583 3.0 ^ 20 10

Sulfentrazone H 553 15 ^ NT -

Tetrahydrophthalimide - THPI FM 616 15 ^ 2000 -

Thiabendazole F 616 3.0 ^ 100 -

Thifensulfuron methyl H 576 6.0 ^ 100 -

Trifluralin H 616 4 0.6 3.0 ^ 2.0 ^ 50 -

NOTES

* = EPA Tolerances and Codex MRLs have been multiplied by a factor of 1,000 as a basis for comparison 

 using a single scale. There is no intention to imply any more exactness in the value than that originally

 expressed by EPA and Codex.

^ = Only one distinct detected concentration or LOD value was reported for the pair.

NT = No tolerance level was set for that pesticide/commodity pair.

Pesticide Types:

F = Fungicide, FM = Fungicide Metabolite

H = Herbicide

I = Insecticide, IM = Insecticide Metabolite

P = Plant Growth Regulator

R = Insect Growth Regulator

S = Herbicide Safener

Many of the listed tolerances and MRLs are the sum of a parent compound and metabolite(s)/isomer(s). 

The reader is advised to refer to EPA for the complete listing of compounds in tolerance expressions and to 

Codex for the complete listing of compounds in MRL expressions.

Appendix C. Page 3 of 3
Appendix D

Distribution of Residues by Pesticide 

in Wheat Flour 

Appendix D shows residue detections for all wheat flour compounds tested, including 

range of values detected, range of Limits of Detection (LODs), and Environmental 

Protection Agency (EPA) and Codex Maximum Residue Limit/Extraneous Maximum 

Residue Limit (MRL/EMRL) tolerance references for each pair. 

In 2004, PDP analyzed 725 wheat flour samples. A total of 410 samples (57 

percent) were reported with residue detections. All residue detections were much lower 

than the established tolerances. 

See Appendix B for definition of MRLs. 

MRLs/EMRLs shown in this appendix are from the Codex Alimentarius: Proc. of Codex 

Committee on Pesticide Residues, 37th Session, April 18-23, 2005, The Hague, The 

Netherlands. Only Codex MRLs (CXLs) are listed. 

The information herein is only intended to be an initial reference. Readers are 

reminded that international regulations and MRLs may change and that it is important that 

information obtained from this table be verified with knowledgeable parties in the market of 

interest prior to sale or shipment of exports. 
Pesticide

Pest. 

Type

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of 

Samples w/ 

Detects

Range of 

Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

3-Hydroxycarbofuran IM 519 0.006 ^ 0.1 -

Acetochlor H 725 0.003 ^ 0.02 -

Allethrin I 725 0.003 ^ 2 -

Atrazine H 705 0.003 ^ 0.25 -

Bromuconazole 46 FM 725 0.006 ^ NT -

Bromuconazole 47 FM 705 0.004 ^ NT -

Carbaryl I 725 0.006 ^ 3 0.2

Carbofuran I 725 1 0.1 0.15 ^ 0.023 ^ 0.1 -

Carboxin FM 725 0.003 ^ 0.2 -

Carfentrazone ethyl H 725 1 0.1 0.005 ^ 0.003 ^ 0.10 -

Chlorpyrifos I 705 0.006 ^ 0.5 0.1

Chlorpyrifos methyl I 725 151 20.8 0.032 - 0.093 0.019 ^ 6.0 2

Clodinafop propargyl H 685 1 0.1 0.005 ^ 0.003 ^ 0.1 -

Cyanazine H 725 0.005 ^ 0.1 -

Cyfluthrin I 705 2 0.3 0.038 ^ 0.023 ^ 4.0 -

Cyhalothrin, Lambda I 725 0.003 ^ 0.05 -

Cyproconazole F 725 0.011 ^ NT -

DDE p,p' IM 725 1 0.1 0.005 ^ 0.003 ^ 0.5 -

Diazinon I 725 3 0.4 0.005 ^ 0.003 ^ 0.05 -

Diazinon oxygen analog IM 725 0.006 ^ NT -

Diclofop methyl H 725 0.003 ^ 0.1 -

Dieldrin I 705 0.006 ^ 0.02 -

Difenoconazole F 700 0.004 ^ 0.1 -

Dimethoate I 725 0.028 ^ 0.04 -

Dimethomorph F 647 0.019 ^ NT -

Disulfoton I 725 0.003 ^ 0.3 -

Disulfoton sulfone IM 705 0.013 ^ 0.3 -

Endosulfan I I 725 0.006 ^ 0.1 -

Endosulfan II IM 725 0.006 ^ 0.1 -

Endosulfan sulfate IM 725 0.003 ^ 0.1 -

Epoxiconazole F 725 0.004 ^ NT -

Etridiazole F 719 1 0.1 0.017 ^ 0.010 ^ 0.05 -

Fenbuconazole F 705 0.009 ^ NT -

APPENDIX D. DISTRIBUTION OF RESIDUES BY PESTICIDE IN WHEAT FLOUR

Appendix D. Page 1 of 3
Pesticide

Pest. 

Type

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of 

Samples w/ 

Detects

Range of 

Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Fenitrothion I 705 0.006 ^ NT 2

Fludioxonil F 560 0.009 ^ 0.02 -

Flufenacet H 725 0.006 ^ 1 -

Fluridone H 666 4 0.6 0.005 ^ 0.003 ^ 0.1 -

Heptachlor epoxide IM 725 0.003 ^ NT -

Hexaconazole F 725 0.004 ^ NT -

Imazalil F 686 0.028 ^ 0.05 -

Lindane - BHC gamma I 725 0.006 ^ 0.1 -

Linuron H 705 0.025 ^ 0.25 -

Malathion I 725 358 49.4 0.005 - 0.68 0.003 ^ 8 2

Malathion oxygen analog IM 725 0.005 ^ NT -

Metalaxyl F 725 0.006 ^ 1.0 -

Methoprene R 660 0.013 ^ 5.0 2

Methoxychlor p,p' (V-21) I 725 21 2.9 0.008 ^ 0.005 ^ NT -

Metolachlor H 725 0.003 ^ 0.1 -

Metribuzin H 725 0.006 ^ 0.75 -

Myclobutanil F 706 1 0.1 0.022 ^ 0.013 ^ 0.03 -

Omethoate IM 705 0.003 ^ 0.04 -

Parathion ethyl I 711 0.005 ^ 1.0 -

Parathion oxygen analog IM 711 0.019 ^ NT -

Phorate I 725 0.008 ^ 0.05 -

Phorate sulfone IM 725 0.005 ^ 0.5 -

Piperonyl butoxide I 725 19 2.6 0.010 - 0.40 0.006 ^ 20 10

Pirimiphos methyl (V-15) I 725 15 2.1 0.005 ^ 0.003 ^ NT 2

Propanil H 705 0.005 ^ 0.2 -

Propiconazole F 725 0.011 ^ 0.1 -

RH 9129 (fenbuconazole 

metabolite) FM 725 0.005 ^ NT -

RH 9130 (fenbuconazole 

metabolite) FM 705 0.004 ^ NT -

TCMTB F 725 0.025 ^ 0.1 -

Tebuconazole F 725 0.010 ^ 0.05 -

Tetraconazole F 725 0.004 ^ NT -

Thiabendazole F 685 1 0.1 0.022 ^ 0.013 ^ 1.0 -

Thiamethoxam I 705 0.003 ^ 0.02 -

Appendix D. Page 2 of 3
Pesticide

Pest. 

Type

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of 

Samples w/ 

Detects

Range of 

Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Tri Allate H 725 0.006 ^ 0.05 -

Triadimefon F 725 0.003 ^ 1.0 -

Triadimenol F 524 0.006 ^ 0.05 -

Trifluralin H 725 10 1.4 0.010 ^ 0.006 ^ 0.05 -

Triticonazole F 725 0.004 ^ 0.05 -

NOTES

^ = Only one distinct detected concentration or LOD value was reported for the pair.

NT = No tolerance level was set for that pesticide/commodity pair.

(V) = Residue was found where no tolerance was established by EPA. Following "V" are the number of occurrences.

Pesticide Types:

F = Fungicide, FM = Fungicide Metabolite

H = Herbicide

I = Insecticide, IM = Insecticide Metabolite

R = Insect Growth Regulator

Many of the listed tolerances and MRLs are the sum of a parent compound and metabolite(s)/isomer(s). The 

reader is advised to refer to EPA for the complete listing of compounds in tolerance expressions and to 

Codex for the complete listing of compounds in MRL expressions.

Appendix D. Page 3 of 3
Appendix E

Distribution of Residues by Pesticide 

in Milk 

Appendix E shows residue detections for all milk compounds tested, including range 

of values detected, range of Limits of Detection (LODs), and Environmental Protection 

Agency (EPA) and Codex Maximum Residue Limit/Extraneous Maximum Residue Limit 

(MRL/EMRL) tolerance references for each pair. 

In 2004, PDP analyzed 739 milk samples. All 739 samples (100 percent) were 

reported with residue detections, all of which were much lower than the established 

tolerances. 

See Appendix B for definition of MRLs. 

MRLs/EMRLs shown in this appendix are from the Codex Alimentarius: Proc. of 

Codex Committee on Pesticide Residues, 37th Session, April 18-23, 2005, The Hague, The 

Netherlands. Only Codex MRLs (CXLs) are listed. 

Because residues are expressed in ppb, EPA Tolerances and Codex MRLs have 

been multiplied by a factor of 1,000 as a basis for comparison using a single scale. There 

is no intention to imply any more exactness in the value than that originally expressed by 

EPA and Codex. 

The information herein is only intended to be an initial reference. Readers are 

reminded that international regulations and MRLs may change and that it is important that 

information obtained from this table be verified with knowledgeable parties in the market of 

interest prior to sale or shipment of exports. 
Pesticide

Pest. 

Type

Number 

of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of 

Samples w/ 

Detects

Range of 

Values 

Detected, ppb

Range of 

LODs, ppb

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppb*

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppb*

3-Hydroxycarbofuran IM 739 65 8.8 0.20 - 1.4 0.12 ^ 20 -

Acephate I 739 0.090 ^ 100 100

Alachlor H 739 0.15 ^ 20 -

Aldicarb I 739 0.12 ^ NT 10

Aldicarb sulfone IM 739 0.060 ^ NT 10

Aldicarb sulfoxide IM 739 0.18 ^ NT 10

Amitraz I 739 0.51 ^ 30 10

Atrazine H 739 0.18 ^ 20 -

Bifenthrin I 739 3 0.4 0.10 ^ 0.060 ^ 100 50

Buprofezin I 739 0.24 ^ 10 -

Carbaryl I 739 0.12 ^ 300 50

Carbofuran I 739 0.18 ^ 20 50

Chlorfenapyr I 739 0.090 ^ NT -

Chlorpropham H 739 0.30 ^ 50 -

Chlorpyrifos I 739 0.17 ^ 10 20

Chlorpyrifos methyl I 739 0.11 ^ 50 10

Chlorpyrifos methyl O-analog IM 739 1.5 ^ 50 -

Coumaphos I 739 0.11 ^ 500 -

Coumaphos oxygen analog IM 739 0.40 ^ 500 -

Cyfluthrin I 739 11 1.5 1.0 ^ 0.60 ^ 1000 10

Cyhalothrin, Total (Cyhalothrin-L 

+ R157836 epimer) I 739 128 17.3 0.25 - 2.3 0.15 ^ 200 -

Cypermethrin I 739 1 0.1 1.0 ^ 0.60 ^ 50 50

Cyproconazole F 739 0.21 ^ NT -

DDE p,p' IM 739 710 96.1 0.10 - 5.6 0.060 ^ 1250 20

DEF (Tribufos) H 739 0.12 ^ 2 -

Deltamethrin - includes parent 

Tralomethrin I 739 0.15 ^ 50 50

Dichlorvos - DDVP I 739 0.070 ^ 20 20

Dieldrin I 739 307 41.5 0.20 - 0.59 0.12 ^ 300 6

Difenoconazole F 739 0.15 ^ 10 -

Dimethoate I 739 6 0.8 0.12 ^ 0.070 ^ 2 50

Diphenylamine - DPA F 739 728 98.5 0.10 - 2.4 0.060 ^ 10 0.4

Endosulfan I I 739 0.060 ^ 500 4

APPENDIX E. DISTRIBUTION OF RESIDUES BY PESTICIDE IN MILK

Appendix E. Page 1 of 3
Pesticide

Pest. 

Type

Number 

of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of 

Samples w/ 

Detects

Range of 

Values 

Detected, ppb

Range of 

LODs, ppb

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppb*

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppb*

Endosulfan II IM 739 0.060 ^ 500 4

Endosulfan sulfate IM 739 134 18.1 0.20 - 0.89 0.12 ^ 500 4

Epoxiconazole F 739 0.21 ^ NT -

Esfenvalerate+Fenvalerate Total I 739 0.15 ^ 300 100

Etridiazole F 739 0.21 ^ 50 -

Fenamiphos I 739 0.17 ^ 100 5

Fenamiphos sulfone IM 739 0.70 ^ 100 5

Fenamiphos sulfoxide IM 739 0.84 ^ 100 5

Fenarimol F 739 0.24 ^ NT -

Fenoxaprop ethyl H 739 0.090 ^ 20 -

Fenpropathrin I 739 0.36 ^ 80 100

Fipronil I 739 0.30 ^ 50 20

Fluridone H 739 0.30 ^ 50 -

Fluroxypyr 1-methylheptyl ester H 739 0.24 ^ 300 -

Flutolanil F 739 0.12 ^ 50 50

Fluvalinate (V-3) I 739 3 0.4 0.75 - 2.4 0.45 ^ NT -

Hexachlorobenzene - HCB FM 739 0.21 ^ NT -

Hexaconazole F 739 0.15 ^ NT -

Iprodione F 739 0.75 ^ 500 -

Malathion I 739 0.12 ^ 500 -

Malathion oxygen analog IM 739 0.13 ^ NT -

Metalaxyl F 739 0.15 ^ 20 -

Methamidophos IM 739 0.060 ^ 100 10

Metolachlor H 739 0.27 ^ 20 -

Metribuzin H 739 0.60 ^ 50 -

MGK-264 I 739 0.51 ^ 300 -

Myclobutanil F 739 0.24 ^ 200 10

Norflurazon H 739 0.45 ^ 100 -

Omethoate IM 739 0.12 ^ 2 -

Oxydemeton methyl I 739 0.32 ^ 10 -

Oxyfluorfen H 739 0.21 ^ 50 -

Pentachloroaniline - PCA FM 739 0.27 ^ NT -

Pentachlorobenzene - PCB FM 739 0.30 ^ NT -

Pentachlorophenyl methyl ether FM 739 0.090 ^ NT -

Pentachlorophenyl methyl 

sulfide FM 739 0.12 ^ NT -

Appendix E. Page 2 of 3
Pesticide

Pest. 

Type

Number 

of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of 

Samples w/ 

Detects

Range of 

Values 

Detected, ppb

Range of 

LODs, ppb

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppb*

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppb*

Permethrin Total I 739 33 4.5 1.0 - 2.3 0.60 ^ 250 100

Profenofos I 739 0.17 ^ 10 10

Pronamide H 739 0.15 ^ 20 -

Propachlor H 739 0.18 ^ 20 -

Propanil H 739 0.18 ^ 50 -

Propargite I 739 0.75 ^ 80 100

Propham H 739 0.75 ^ NT -

Propiconazole F 739 0.36 ^ 50 10

Pyrazon H 739 0.15 ^ 10 -

Quintozene - PCNB F 739 0.24 ^ NT -

Simazine H 739 0.18 ^ 20 -

Tefluthrin I 739 0.27 ^ NT -

Tetrachlorvinphos I 739 0.16 ^ 500 -

Tetraconazole F 739 0.33 ^ 50.0 -

Tetradifon I 739 0.33 ^ 400 -

Tetramethrin I 739 0.75 ^ NT -

Thiabendazole F 739 0.75 ^ 400 200

Triadimefon F 739 0.27 ^ 40 50

Triadimenol F 739 0.21 ^ 10 10

Triflumizole F 739 0.18 ^ 50 -

Vinclozolin F 739 0.15 ^ 50 50

NOTES

* = EPA Tolerances and Codex MRLs have been multiplied by a factor of 1000 as a basis for comparison 

 using a single scale. There is no intention to imply any more exactness in the value than that originally

 expressed by EPA and Codex.

^ = Only one distinct detected concentration or LOD value was reported for the pair.

NT = No tolerance level was set for that pesticide/commodity pair.

(V) = Residue was found where no tolerance was established by EPA. Following "V" are the number of occurrences.

Pesticide Types:

F = Fungicide, FM = Fungicide Metabolite

H = Herbicide

I = Insecticide, IM = Insecticide Metabolite

Many of the listed tolerances and MRLs are the sum of a parent compound and metabolite(s)/isomer(s). 

The reader is advised to refer to EPA for the complete listing of compounds in tolerance expressions and to 

Codex for the complete listing of compounds in MRL expressions.

Appendix E. Page 3 of 3
Appendix F 

Distribution of Residues by Pesticide 

in Drinking Water 

Appendix F shows residue detections for all drinking water compounds tested, 

including range of values detected and range of Limits of Detection (LODs). The 

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) National Primary Drinking Water Regulation 

(NPDWR) Maximum Contaminant Levels (MCLs) for drinking water, Health Advisory (HA) 

values for drinking water, and Freshwater Aquatic Organism (FAOs) Criteria for ambient 

water are also shown. Units for LODs, MCLs, HAs, and FAOs are shown in parts per 

trillion (ppt). 

In 2004, PDP analyzed 762 drinking water samples. PDP detected 38 different 

pesticide residues in finished drinking water and 51 residues in the untreated intake water; 

most of the detections were herbicides. None of the finished drinking water samples 

exceeded EPA MCLs for any pesticide detected. In fact, the majority of pesticides included 

in the PDP screens were not detected. 

The MCLs are legally enforceable standards that apply to public water systems. 

EPA’s regulations for MCLs may be referenced at http://www.epa.gov/safewater/mcl.html. 

The HAs are an estimate of acceptable drinking water levels for a chemical substance 

based on health effects information. The values published are for lifetime HA, which is the 

concentration of a chemical in drinking water that is not expected to cause any adverse 

noncarcinogenic effects for a lifetime of exposure. The HA values can be referenced at 

http://www.epa.gov/waterscience/criteria/drinking. FAO criteria are set by EPA and are the 

concentration of a chemical in water at or below which aquatic life are protected from acute 

and chronic adverse effects of the chemical. The FAO values can be referenced at 

http://www.epa.gov/waterscience/criteria/wqcriteria.html. Health Advisories and FAO criteria 

are not legally enforceable Federal standards, but serve as technical guidance to assist 

Federal, State, and local officials. 

Because residue values are expressed in ppt, EPA MCL, HA, and FAO values have 

been multiplied by a factor of 1,000,000 as a basis for comparison using a single scale. There 

is no intention to imply any more exactness in the value than that originally expressed by EPA. 
Pesticide / Commodity

Pest. 

Type

Number 

of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detects

% of 

Samples 

with 

Detects

Range of 

Values 

Detected, ppt

Range of 

LODs, ppt

EPA MCL, 

ppt 1

EPA HA2, 

ppt 1

EPA 

FAO3

, 

ppt 1

1,2,4-Triazole FM

 Water, Finished 141 220 - 730

 Water, Untreated 136 220 - 730

2 4 5 T H

 Water, Finished 228 2 0.9 3.0 ^ 1.8 - 211 50,000 70,000

 Water, Untreated 228 1 0.4 3.0 ^ 1.8 - 211

2,4 DB H

 Water, Finished 379 15 - 756

 Water, Untreated 380 15 - 756

2,4-D H

 Water, Finished 379 134 35.4 6.0 - 401 3.6 - 264 70,000 70,000

 Water, Untreated 380 126 33.2 6.0 - 493 3.6 - 264

3-Hydroxycarbofuran IM

 Water, Finished 238 24 - 68

 Water, Untreated 238 24 - 68

Acetochlor H

 Water, Finished 376 11 2.9 52 - 357 9.2 - 49.5

 Water, Untreated 376 25 6.6 15.3 - 543 9.2 - 49.5

Acetochlor ethanesulfonic acid HM

 Water, Finished 115 93 80.9 20 - 1032 12 ^

 Water, Untreated 116 84 72.4 20 - 1243 12 ^

Acetochlor oxanilic acid HM

 Water, Finished 235 93 39.6 20 - 1211 12 - 100

 Water, Untreated 236 86 36.4 20 - 1585 12 - 100

Acifluorfen H

 Water, Finished 120 79 - 119

 Water, Untreated 119 79 - 119

Alachlor H

 Water, Finished 381 3 0.8 16.3 - 34 7.8 - 26 2000

 Water, Untreated 381 3 0.8 16.3 - 43 7.8 - 26

Alachlor ethanesulfonic acid HM

 Water, Finished 235 92 39.1 20 - 182 12 - 823

 Water, Untreated 236 85 36 20 - 232 12 - 823

Alachlor oxanilic acid HM

 Water, Finished 235 65 27.7 20 - 81 12 - 100

 Water, Untreated 236 68 28.8 20 - 102 12 - 100

Aldrin I

 Water, Finished 262 5.0 - 32

 Water, Untreated 262 5.0 - 32 3000

APPENDIX F. DISTRIBUTION OF RESIDUES BY PESTICIDE IN DRINKING WATER

Appendix F. Page 1 of 17
Pesticide / Commodity

Pest. 

Type

Number 

of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detects

% of 

Samples 

with 

Detects

Range of 

Values 

Detected, ppt

Range of 

LODs, ppt

EPA MCL, 

ppt 1

EPA HA2, 

ppt 1

EPA 

FAO3

, 

ppt 1

Atrazine H

 Water, Finished 380 191 50.3 1.1 - 2773 0.66 - 5.0 3000

 Water, Untreated 381 204 53.5 1.1 - 4225 0.66 - 5.0

Azinphos methyl I

 Water, Finished 239 12 - 253

 Water, Untreated 239 12 - 253

Barban H

 Water, Finished 120 5.0 ^

 Water, Untreated 120 5.0 ^

Bendiocarb I

 Water, Finished 99 18.8 ^

 Water, Untreated 99 18.8 ^

Benfluralin H

 Water, Finished 224 2.0 - 9.8

 Water, Untreated 224 2.0 - 9.8

Bensulfuron methyl H

 Water, Finished 379 1 0.3 2.0 ^ 1.2 - 53

 Water, Untreated 380 1.2 - 53

Bentazon H

 Water, Finished 375 151 40.3 0.30 - 16 0.18 - 209 200,000

 Water, Untreated 376 153 40.7 0.30 - 130 0.18 - 209

BHC alpha I

 Water, Finished 120 2.0 ^

 Water, Untreated 120 2.0 ^

Bifenthrin I

 Water, Finished 262 3.2 - 11

 Water, Untreated 262 3.2 - 11

Bromacil H

 Water, Finished 259 5.3 - 18 90,000

 Water, Untreated 261 12 4.6 8.8 - 34 5.3 - 18

Bromoxynil H

 Water, Finished 155 20 - 56

 Water, Untreated 154 20 - 56

Bromuconazole 46 FM

 Water, Finished 141 1.4 - 4.6

 Water, Untreated 142 1.4 - 4.6

Bromuconazole 47 FM

 Water, Finished 141 1.9 - 6.2

 Water, Untreated 142 1.9 - 6.2

Butachlor H

 Water, Finished 261 1.9 - 6.2

 Water, Untreated 261 1.9 - 6.2

Appendix F. Page 2 of 17
Pesticide / Commodity

Pest. 

Type

Number 

of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detects

% of 

Samples 

with 

Detects

Range of 

Values 

Detected, ppt

Range of 

LODs, ppt

EPA MCL, 

ppt 1

EPA HA2, 

ppt 1

EPA 

FAO3

, 

ppt 1

Butylate H

 Water, Finished 262 1.8 - 10 400,000

 Water, Untreated 262 1.8 - 10

Carbaryl I

 Water, Finished 259 4.7 - 15 700,000

 Water, Untreated 261 1 0.4 19 ^ 4.7 - 15

Carbendazim - MBC F

 Water, Finished 108 1.8 ^

 Water, Untreated 109 1.8 ^

Carbofuran I

 Water, Finished 379 0.60 - 17 40,000 40,000

 Water, Untreated 380 0.60 - 17

Carbophenothion I

 Water, Finished 239 5.3 - 32

 Water, Untreated 239 5.3 - 32

Chloramben H

 Water, Finished 113 60 ^ 100,000

 Water, Untreated 114 60 ^

Chlordane cis I

 Water, Finished 229 2.3 - 5.0 2000 4

 Water, Untreated 229 2.3 - 5.0 2400

Chlordane trans I

 Water, Finished 229 2.3 - 5.0 2000 4

 Water, Untreated 229 2.3 - 5.0 2400

Chlorfenvinphos beta I

 Water, Finished 15 4.1 ^

 Water, Untreated 15 4.1 ^

Chlorfenvinphos total I

 Water, Finished 342 7.5 - 32

 Water, Untreated 342 7.5 - 32

Chlorimuron ethyl H

 Water, Finished 261 7 2.7 9.3 - 32 3.3 - 65

 Water, Untreated 261 22 8.4 9.3 - 59 3.3 - 65

Chlorothalonil F

 Water, Finished 120 50 ^

 Water, Untreated 120 50 ^

Chlorpyrifos I

 Water, Finished 239 6.0 - 27 20,000

 Water, Untreated 239 6.0 - 27 83

Chlorpyrifos methyl I

 Water, Finished 239 11.3 - 22

 Water, Untreated 239 11.3 - 22

Appendix F. Page 3 of 17
Pesticide / Commodity

Pest. 

Type

Number 

of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detects

% of 

Samples 

with 

Detects

Range of 

Values 

Detected, ppt

Range of 

LODs, ppt

EPA MCL, 

ppt 1

EPA HA2, 

ppt 1

EPA 

FAO3

, 

ppt 1

Chlorpyrifos oxygen analog IM

 Water, Finished 120 59 ^

 Water, Untreated 120 59 ^

Clopyralid H

 Water, Finished 339 2 0.6 280 - 393 10.8 - 236

 Water, Untreated 340 1 0.3 360 ^ 10.8 - 236

Coumaphos I

 Water, Finished 239 3.8 - 121

 Water, Untreated 239 3.8 - 121

Coumaphos oxygen analog IM

 Water, Finished 120 1400 ^

 Water, Untreated 120 1400 ^

Cyanazine H

 Water, Finished 380 1.7 - 25 1000

 Water, Untreated 381 6 1.6 2.8 - 9.3 1.7 - 25

Cycloate H

 Water, Finished 241 3.3 - 11

 Water, Untreated 242 3.3 - 11

Cyfluthrin I

 Water, Finished 142 40 - 133

 Water, Untreated 142 40 - 133

Cyhalothrin, Lambda I

 Water, Finished 142 21 - 70

 Water, Untreated 142 21 - 70

Cypermethrin I

 Water, Finished 262 74 - 246

 Water, Untreated 262 74 - 246

Cyproconazole F

 Water, Finished 141 0.65 - 2.2

 Water, Untreated 142 0.65 - 2.2

DCPA H

 Water, Finished 234 0.80 - 2.5 70,000

 Water, Untreated 234 0.75 - 2.5

DCPA monoacid H

 Water, Finished 103 740 ^

 Water, Untreated 104 740 ^

DDD o,p' IM

 Water, Finished 119 3.8 ^

 Water, Untreated 119 3.8 ^

DDD p,p' IM

 Water, Finished 119 3.8 ^

 Water, Untreated 119 3.8 ^

Appendix F. Page 4 of 17
Pesticide / Commodity

Pest. 

Type

Number 

of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detects

% of 

Samples 

with 

Detects

Range of 

Values 

Detected, ppt

Range of 

LODs, ppt

EPA MCL, 

ppt 1

EPA HA2, 

ppt 1

EPA 

FAO3

, 

ppt 1

DDE o,p' IM

 Water, Finished 120 4.0 ^

 Water, Untreated 120 4.0 ^

DDE p,p' IM

 Water, Finished 229 2.5 - 7.5

 Water, Untreated 229 2.5 - 7.5

DDT o,p' IM

 Water, Finished 119 3.8 ^

 Water, Untreated 119 3.8 ^

DDT p,p' IM

 Water, Finished 119 3.8 ^

 Water, Untreated 119 3.8 ^

DEF - Tribufos H

 Water, Finished 239 3.8 - 18

 Water, Untreated 239 3.8 - 18

Deltamethrin (includes parent 

Tralomethrin) I

 Water, Finished 142 84 - 281

 Water, Untreated 142 84 - 281

Desethyl Atrazine HM

 Water, Finished 380 178 46.8 0.72 - 473 0.43 - 25

 Water, Untreated 381 201 52.8 0.72 - 850 0.43 - 25

Desisopropyl atrazine HM

 Water, Finished 380 127 33.4 2.7 - 274 1.6 - 50

 Water, Untreated 381 155 40.7 2.7 - 420 1.6 - 50

Diazinon I

 Water, Finished 239 7.5 - 14 600

 Water, Untreated 239 7.5 - 14

Diazinon oxygen analog IM

 Water, Finished 239 9.0 - 70

 Water, Untreated 239 9.0 - 70

Dicamba H

 Water, Finished 120 266 - 1350 200,000

 Water, Untreated 119 266 - 1350

Dichlobenil H

 Water, Finished 239 6.7 - 150

 Water, Untreated 239 6.7 - 150

Dichlorprop H

 Water, Finished 118 1 0.8 3.0 ^ 1.8 - 6.0

 Water, Untreated 119 1.8 - 6.0

Dichlorvos - DDVP I

 Water, Finished 234 12 - 22.5

 Water, Untreated 234 12 - 22.5

Appendix F. Page 5 of 17
Pesticide / Commodity

Pest. 

Type

Number 

of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detects

% of 

Samples 

with 

Detects

Range of 

Values 

Detected, ppt

Range of 

LODs, ppt

EPA MCL, 

ppt 1

EPA HA2, 

ppt 1

EPA 

FAO3

, 

ppt 1

Dicloran F

 Water, Finished 114 7.5 ^

 Water, Untreated 114 7.5 ^

Dicofol p,p' I

 Water, Finished 239 5.0 - 11.3

 Water, Untreated 239 5.0 - 11.3

Dicrotophos I

 Water, Finished 120 180 ^

 Water, Untreated 120 180 ^

Dieldrin I

 Water, Finished 239 5.0 - 15

 Water, Untreated 239 5.0 - 15 240

Difenoconazole F

 Water, Finished 141 2.5 - 8.2

 Water, Untreated 142 2.5 - 8.2

Dimethenamid H

 Water, Finished 238 28 11.8 1.0 - 18 0.60 - 5.0

 Water, Untreated 239 36 15.1 1.0 - 213 0.60 - 5.0

Dimethenamid/Dimethenamid P H

 Water, Finished 261 2.5 - 8.3

 Water, Untreated 262 16 6.1 4.2 - 55 2.5 - 8.3

Dimethoate I

 Water, Finished 239 5.3 - 63

 Water, Untreated 239 1 0.4 8.8 ^ 5.3 - 63

Dinoseb H

 Water, Finished 115 9 7.8 1.0 ^ 0.60 - 320 7000 7000

 Water, Untreated 115 1 0.9 1.0 ^ 0.60 - 320

Diphenamid H

 Water, Finished 119 24 ^ 200,000

 Water, Untreated 119 24 ^

Disulfoton I

 Water, Finished 381 6.0 - 150 300

 Water, Untreated 381 6.0 - 150

Disulfoton sulfone IM

 Water, Finished 260 3.8 - 29

 Water, Untreated 261 1 0.4 6.3 ^ 3.8 - 29

Diuron H

 Water, Finished 258 16 - 54 10,000

 Water, Untreated 260 7 2.7 27 - 90 16 - 54

Endosulfan I I

 Water, Finished 200 5.0 - 22.5

 Water, Untreated 200 5.0 - 22.5 220

Appendix F. Page 6 of 17
Pesticide / Commodity

Pest. 

Type

Number 

of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detects

% of 

Samples 

with 

Detects

Range of 

Values 

Detected, ppt

Range of 

LODs, ppt

EPA MCL, 

ppt 1

EPA HA2, 

ppt 1

EPA 

FAO3

, 

ppt 1

Endosulfan II IM

 Water, Finished 239 12 - 18.8

 Water, Untreated 239 12 - 18.8 220

Endosulfan sulfate IM

 Water, Finished 114 30 ^

 Water, Untreated 114 30 ^

Endrin I

 Water, Finished 239 22 - 52.5 2000 2000

 Water, Untreated 239 22 - 52.5 86

Epoxiconazole F

 Water, Finished 141 1.3 - 4.3

 Water, Untreated 142 1.3 - 4.3

EPTC H

 Water, Finished 356 3 0.8 17 - 68 2.5 - 117.8

 Water, Untreated 356 5 1.4 28 - 130 2.5 - 117.8

Esfenvalerate I

 Water, Finished 120 50 ^

 Water, Untreated 120 50 ^

Esfenvalerate+Fenvalerate Total I

 Water, Finished 142 19 - 62

 Water, Untreated 142 19 - 62

Ethalfluralin H

 Water, Finished 229 50 - 60

 Water, Untreated 229 50 - 60

Ethion I

 Water, Finished 381 2.3 - 85

 Water, Untreated 381 2.3 - 85

Ethion di oxon IM

 Water, Finished 120 5.3 ^

 Water, Untreated 120 5.3 ^

Ethion mono oxon IM

 Water, Finished 239 3.8 - 30

 Water, Untreated 239 3.8 - 30

Ethoprop I

 Water, Finished 381 5.3 - 17

 Water, Untreated 381 5.3 - 17

Fenamiphos I

 Water, Finished 234 7.5 - 172 2000

 Water, Untreated 234 7.5 - 172

Fenamiphos sulfone IM

 Water, Finished 120 384 ^

 Water, Untreated 120 384 ^

Appendix F. Page 7 of 17
Pesticide / Commodity

Pest. 

Type

Number 

of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detects

% of 

Samples 

with 

Detects

Range of 

Values 

Detected, ppt

Range of 

LODs, ppt

EPA MCL, 

ppt 1

EPA HA2, 

ppt 1

EPA 

FAO3

, 

ppt 1

Fenarimol F

 Water, Finished 119 37.5 ^

 Water, Untreated 119 37.5 ^

Fenbuconazole F

 Water, Finished 141 0.78 - 2.6

 Water, Untreated 142 0.78 - 2.6

Fenitrothion I

 Water, Finished 381 6.0 - 42

 Water, Untreated 381 6.0 - 42

Fenitrothion oxygen analog IM

 Water, Finished 120 83 ^

 Water, Untreated 120 83 ^

Fenpropathrin I

 Water, Finished 251 14 - 60

 Water, Untreated 251 14 - 60

Fenthion I

 Water, Finished 381 6.0 - 79

 Water, Untreated 381 6.0 - 79

Fenthion-O analog IM

 Water, Finished 239 7.5 - 175

 Water, Untreated 239 7.5 - 175

Fenuron H

 Water, Finished 238 2.6 - 27

 Water, Untreated 238 2.6 - 27

Fludioxonil F

 Water, Finished 114 37.5 ^

 Water, Untreated 114 37.5 ^

Flumetsulam H

 Water, Finished 233 6.0 - 196

 Water, Untreated 233 1 0.4 24 ^ 6.0 - 196

Fluometuron H

 Water, Finished 238 1 0.4 2.0 ^ 1.2 - 10.5 90,000

 Water, Untreated 239 1 0.4 2.0 ^ 1.2 - 10.5

Fluvalinate I

 Water, Finished 142 79 - 264

 Water, Untreated 142 79 - 264

Fonofos I

 Water, Finished I 239 7.5 - 30 10,000

 Water, Untreated I 239 7.5 - 30

Halosulfuron methyl H

 Water, Finished 141 3.3 - 11

 Water, Untreated 142 3.3 - 11

Appendix F. Page 8 of 17
Pesticide / Commodity

Pest. 

Type

Number 

of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detects

% of 

Samples 

with 

Detects

Range of 

Values 

Detected, ppt

Range of 

LODs, ppt

EPA MCL, 

ppt 1

EPA HA2, 

ppt 1

EPA 

FAO3

, 

ppt 1

Heptachlor I

 Water, Finished 120 5.0 ^ 400

 Water, Untreated 120 5.0 ^ 520

Heptachlor epoxide IM

 Water, Finished 200 5.0 - 15 200

 Water, Untreated 200 5.0 - 15 520

Hexachlorobenzene - HCB FM

 Water, Finished 120 10 ^ 1000

 Water, Untreated 120 10 ^

Hexaconazole F

 Water, Finished 141 4.0 - 13

 Water, Untreated 142 4.0 - 13

Hydroxy Atrazine HM

 Water, Finished 141 93 66 4.1 - 120 1.2 - 4.0

 Water, Untreated 142 96 67.6 2.0 - 480 1.2 - 4.0

Imazamethabenz acid H

 Water, Finished 141 0.60 - 2.0

 Water, Untreated 142 0.60 - 2.0

Imazamethabenz methyl H

 Water, Finished 379 0.15 - 4.2

 Water, Untreated 380 1 0.3 0.80 ^ 0.15 - 4.2

Imazamox H

 Water, Finished 259 2.4 - 10

 Water, Untreated 261 2 0.8 4.0 - 17 2.4 - 10

Imazapic H

 Water, Finished 259 10 3.9 4.6 - 5.0 0.90 - 3.0

 Water, Untreated 261 12 4.6 1.5 - 5.0 0.90 - 3.0

Imazapyr H

 Water, Finished 259 117 45.2 1.5 - 120 0.90 - 3.5

 Water, Untreated 261 107 41 1.5 - 140 0.90 - 3.5

Imazaquin H

 Water, Finished 379 15 4 4.0 - 29 2.4 - 10

 Water, Untreated 380 17 4.5 4.0 - 22 2.4 - 10

Imazethapyr H

 Water, Finished 379 76 20.1 4.0 - 52 2.4 - 11

 Water, Untreated 380 73 19.2 4.0 - 137 2.4 - 11

Imidacloprid I

 Water, Finished 238 6 2.5 2.5 ^ 1.5 - 42

 Water, Untreated 238 4 1.7 2.5 ^ 1.5 - 42

Iprodione F

 Water, Finished 64 30 ^

 Water, Untreated 64 30 ^

Appendix F. Page 9 of 17
Pesticide / Commodity

Pest. 

Type

Number 

of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detects

% of 

Samples 

with 

Detects

Range of 

Values 

Detected, ppt

Range of 

LODs, ppt

EPA MCL, 

ppt 1

EPA HA2, 

ppt 1

EPA 

FAO3

, 

ppt 1

Isofenphos I

 Water, Finished 239 4.5 - 18

 Water, Untreated 239 4.5 - 18

Isofenphos oxygen analog IM

 Water, Finished 120 36 ^

 Water, Untreated 120 36 ^

Lindane - BHC gamma I

 Water, Finished 376 10 - 66 200 200

 Water, Untreated 376 10 - 66 950

Linuron H

 Water, Finished 336 2.5 - 189

 Water, Untreated 336 2.5 - 189

Malathion I

 Water, Finished 381 6.0 - 35 100,000

 Water, Untreated 381 6.0 - 35

Malathion oxygen analog IM

 Water, Finished 119 6.0 - 40

 Water, Untreated 119 6.0 - 40

MCPA H

 Water, Finished 379 7.2 - 346 4000

 Water, Untreated 380 7.2 - 346

MCPB H

 Water, Finished 379 5.0 - 228

 Water, Untreated 380 5.0 - 228

Mecoprop - MCPP H

 Water, Finished 120 52 - 78

 Water, Untreated 119 52 - 78

Metalaxyl F

 Water, Finished 375 22.5 - 120

 Water, Untreated 376 22.5 - 120

Methidathion I

 Water, Finished 239 5.3 - 28

 Water, Untreated 239 5.3 - 28

Methidathion oxygen analog IM

 Water, Finished 239 22.5 - 428

 Water, Untreated 239 22.5 - 428

Methiocarb I

 Water, Finished 238 15 - 144

 Water, Untreated 238 15 - 144

Methomyl I

 Water, Finished 113 6.0 ^ 200,000

 Water, Untreated 114 6.0 ^

Appendix F. Page 10 of 17
Pesticide / Commodity

Pest. 

Type

Number 

of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detects

% of 

Samples 

with 

Detects

Range of 

Values 

Detected, ppt

Range of 

LODs, ppt

EPA MCL, 

ppt 1

EPA HA2, 

ppt 1

EPA 

FAO3

, 

ppt 1

Methoxychlor olefin IM

 Water, Finished 119 3.8 ^

 Water, Untreated 119 3.8 ^

Methoxychlor Total I

 Water, Finished 239 7.5 - 40 40,000 40,000

 Water, Untreated 239 7.5 - 40

Metolachlor H

 Water, Finished 381 153 40.2 2.5 - 661 1.5 - 5.0 100,000

 Water, Untreated 381 179 47 2.5 - 729 1.5 - 5.0

Metolachlor ethanesulfonic acid HM

 Water, Finished 235 114 48.5 20 - 971 12 - 150

 Water, Untreated 236 93 39.4 20 - 1058 12 - 150

Metolachlor oxanilic acid HM

 Water, Finished 235 103 43.8 20 - 459 12 - 100

 Water, Untreated 236 99 41.9 20 - 528 12 - 100

Metribuzin H

 Water, Finished 363 2 0.6 10.7 - 75 6.4 - 45 200,000

 Water, Untreated 364 12 3.3 10.7 - 120 6.4 - 45

Metsulfuron methyl H

 Water, Finished 240 3.0 - 10

 Water, Untreated 242 3.0 - 10

Mevinphos E I

 Water, Finished 39 3.4 ^

 Water, Untreated 39 3.4 ^

Mevinphos Total I

 Water, Finished 200 6.0 - 42

 Water, Untreated 200 6.0 - 42

Molinate H

 Water, Finished 239 9.8 - 12

 Water, Untreated 239 9.8 - 12

Monuron H

 Water, Finished 238 6.0 - 54

 Water, Untreated 238 6.0 - 54

Myclobutanil F

 Water, Finished 380 1.3 - 11.3

 Water, Untreated 381 1.3 - 11.3

Napropamide H

 Water, Finished 239 24 - 25

 Water, Untreated 239 24 - 25

Neburon H

 Water, Finished 379 4.0 - 75

 Water, Untreated 380 4.0 - 75

Appendix F. Page 11 of 17
Pesticide / Commodity

Pest. 

Type

Number 

of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detects

% of 

Samples 

with 

Detects

Range of 

Values 

Detected, ppt

Range of 

LODs, ppt

EPA MCL, 

ppt 1

EPA HA2, 

ppt 1

EPA 

FAO3

, 

ppt 1

Nicosulfuron H

 Water, Finished 259 16 6.2 2.8 - 40 1.7 - 16

 Water, Untreated 261 44 16.9 2.8 - 64 1.7 - 16

Norflurazon H

 Water, Finished 234 18.8 - 31

 Water, Untreated 233 18.8 - 31

Norflurazon desmethyl HM

 Water, Finished 234 37.5 - 72

 Water, Untreated 233 37.5 - 72

Oryzalin H

 Water, Finished 35 57 ^

 Water, Untreated 35 57 ^

Oxadiazon H

 Water, Finished 239 15 ^

 Water, Untreated 239 15 ^

Oxadixyl F

 Water, Finished 114 48.8 ^

 Water, Untreated 114 48.8 ^

Oxamyl I

 Water, Finished 113 6.0 ^ 200,000 30,000

 Water, Untreated 114 6.0 ^

Oxychlordane IM

 Water, Finished 234 4.0 - 7.5

 Water, Untreated 234 4.0 - 7.5

Oxydemeton methyl I

 Water, Finished 120 580 ^

 Water, Untreated 120 580 ^

Oxyfluorfen H

 Water, Finished 239 11.3 - 25

 Water, Untreated 239 11.3 - 25

Parathion ethyl I

 Water, Finished 261 7.5 - 49

 Water, Untreated 261 7.5 - 49 65

Parathion methyl I

 Water, Finished 261 4.5 - 178

 Water, Untreated 261 4.5 - 178 65

Parathion methyl oxygen analog IM

 Water, Finished 234 9.8 - 130

 Water, Untreated 234 9.8 - 130

Parathion oxygen analog IM

 Water, Finished 239 7.5 - 63

 Water, Untreated 239 7.5 - 63

Appendix F. Page 12 of 17
Pesticide / Commodity

Pest. 

Type

Number 

of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detects

% of 

Samples 

with 

Detects

Range of 

Values 

Detected, ppt

Range of 

LODs, ppt

EPA MCL, 

ppt 1

EPA HA2, 

ppt 1

EPA 

FAO3

, 

ppt 1

Pebulate H

 Water, Finished 234 2.3 - 25

 Water, Untreated 234 2.3 - 25

Pendimethalin H

 Water, Finished 239 4.5 - 5.0

 Water, Untreated 239 4.5 - 5.0

Permethrin cis I

 Water, Finished 262 4.5 - 15

 Water, Untreated 262 4.5 - 15

Permethrin trans I

 Water, Finished 142 7.5 - 25

 Water, Untreated 142 7.5 - 25

Phenthoate I

 Water, Finished 104 15 ^

 Water, Untreated 104 15 ^

Phorate I

 Water, Finished 239 11.3 - 121

 Water, Untreated 239 11.2 - 121

Phorate oxygen analog IM

 Water, Finished 239 5.3 - 275

 Water, Untreated 239 5.3 - 275

Phorate sulfone IM

 Water, Finished 239 6.0 - 36

 Water, Untreated 239 6.0 - 36

Phorate sulfoxide IM

 Water, Finished 239 37.5 - 260

 Water, Untreated 239 37.5 - 260

Phosalone I

 Water, Finished 239 4.5 - 33

 Water, Untreated 239 4.5 - 33

Phosalone oxygen analog IM

 Water, Finished 120 303 ^

 Water, Untreated 120 303 ^

Phosmet I

 Water, Finished 120 255 ^

 Water, Untreated 120 255 ^

Phosphamidon I

 Water, Finished 239 12 - 197

 Water, Untreated 239 12 - 197

Picloram H

 Water, Finished 379 73 - 4407 500,000 500,000

 Water, Untreated 380 73 - 4407

Appendix F. Page 13 of 17
Pesticide / Commodity

Pest. 

Type

Number 

of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detects

% of 

Samples 

with 

Detects

Range of 

Values 

Detected, ppt

Range of 

LODs, ppt

EPA MCL, 

ppt 1

EPA HA2, 

ppt 1

EPA 

FAO3

, 

ppt 1

Piperonyl butoxide I

 Water, Finished 119 18.8 ^

 Water, Untreated 119 18.8 ^

Pirimicarb I

 Water, Finished 119 37.5 ^

 Water, Untreated 119 37.5 ^

Pirimiphos methyl I

 Water, Finished 239 5.3 - 30

 Water, Untreated 239 5.3 - 30

Prallethrin I

 Water, Finished 142 18 - 61

 Water, Untreated 142 18 - 61

Profenofos I

 Water, Finished 239 3.8 - 6.1

 Water, Untreated 239 3.8 - 6.1

Prometon H

 Water, Finished 380 196 51.6 0.28 - 92 0.17 - 50 100,000

 Water, Untreated 381 204 53.5 0.28 - 110 0.17 - 50

Prometryn H

 Water, Finished 376 0.17 - 24

 Water, Untreated 377 42 11.1 0.28 - 60 0.17 - 24

Pronamide H

 Water, Finished 119 22.5 ^ 50,000

 Water, Untreated 119 22.5 ^

Propachlor H

 Water, Finished 380 0.64 - 16 90,000

 Water, Untreated 381 1 0.3 4.9 ^ 0.64 - 16

Propanil H

 Water, Finished 375 2.9 - 25

 Water, Untreated 376 2.9 - 25

Propargite I

 Water, Finished 239 90 - 180

 Water, Untreated 239 90 - 180

Propetamphos I

 Water, Finished 239 6.0 - 16

 Water, Untreated 239 6.0 - 16

Propham H

 Water, Finished 118 18 ^ 100,000

 Water, Untreated 119 18 ^

Propiconazole F

 Water, Finished 380 1.4 - 55

 Water, Untreated 380 1 0.3 7.8 ^ 1.4 - 55

Appendix F. Page 14 of 17
Pesticide / Commodity

Pest. 

Type

Number 

of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detects

% of 

Samples 

with 

Detects

Range of 

Values 

Detected, ppt

Range of 

LODs, ppt

EPA MCL, 

ppt 1

EPA HA2, 

ppt 1

EPA 

FAO3

, 

ppt 1

Propoxur I

 Water, Finished 119 24.8 ^

 Water, Untreated 119 24.8 ^

Quintozene - PCNB F

 Water, Finished 99 11.3 ^

 Water, Untreated 99 11.3 ^

Resmethrin I

 Water, Finished 142 7.8 - 26

 Water, Untreated 142 7.8 - 26

S-(2-hydroxy)propyl EPTC HM

 Water, Finished 120 125 ^

 Water, Untreated 120 125 ^

Siduron H

 Water, Finished 259 1 0.4 11.5 ^ 2.1 - 6.9

 Water, Untreated 261 3 1.1 7.7 - 11.5 2.1 - 6.9

Simazine H

 Water, Finished 380 156 41.1 1.2 - 120 0.71 - 15 4000 4,000

 Water, Untreated 381 180 47.2 1.2 - 520 0.71 - 15

Sulfometuron methyl H

 Water, Finished 261 1.1 - 15

 Water, Untreated 261 4 1.5 10.5 ^ 1.1 - 15

Sulfotep I

 Water, Finished 239 4.5 - 8.1

 Water, Untreated 239 4.5 - 8.1

Sulprofos I

 Water, Finished 239 6.0 - 46

 Water, Untreated 239 6.0 - 46

Sulprofos oxygen analog IM

 Water, Finished 120 98 ^

 Water, Untreated 120 98 ^

Tebuconazole F

 Water, Finished 380 2 0.5 9.7 ^ 1.7 - 299

 Water, Untreated 380 1 0.3 9.7 ^ 1.7 - 299

Tebupirimfos I

 Water, Finished 239 7.5 - 20

 Water, Untreated 239 7.5 - 20

Tebupirimfos oxygen analog IM

 Water, Finished 239 9.0 - 32

 Water, Untreated 239 9.0 - 32

Tebuthiuron H

 Water, Finished 379 125 33 0.75 - 3.8 0.45 - 10 500,000

 Water, Untreated 380 152 40 0.75 - 11 0.45 - 10

Appendix F. Page 15 of 17
Pesticide / Commodity

Pest. 

Type

Number 

of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detects

% of 

Samples 

with 

Detects

Range of 

Values 

Detected, ppt

Range of 

LODs, ppt

EPA MCL, 

ppt 1

EPA HA2, 

ppt 1

EPA 

FAO3

, 

ppt 1

Tecnazene P

 Water, Finished 104 18.8 ^

 Water, Untreated 104 18.8 ^

Tefluthrin I

 Water, Finished 262 2.1 - 6.8

 Water, Untreated 262 2.1 - 6.8

Terbacil H

 Water, Finished 119 22.5 ^ 90,000

 Water, Untreated 119 22.5 ^

Terbufos I

 Water, Finished 262 6.3 - 100 900

 Water, Untreated 262 6.3 - 100

Terbufos sulfone IM

 Water, Finished 239 4.5 - 18

 Water, Untreated 239 4.5 - 18

Terbufos-O analog IM

 Water, Finished 239 6.0 - 93

 Water, Untreated 239 6.0 - 93

Tetrachlorvinphos I

 Water, Finished 239 6.0 - 26

 Water, Untreated 239 6.0 - 26

Tetraconazole F

 Water, Finished 141 0.63 - 2.1

 Water, Untreated 142 0.63 - 2.1

Tetradifon I

 Water, Finished 34 37.5 - 250

 Water, Untreated 34 37.5 - 250

Tetramethrin I

 Water, Finished 142 28 - 94

 Water, Untreated 142 28 - 94

Thifensulfuron H

 Water, Finished 141 1.7 - 5.5

 Water, Untreated 142 1.7 - 5.5

Thiobencarb H

 Water, Finished 260 1.6 - 24.8

 Water, Untreated 261 1.6 - 24.8

Tolclofos methyl F

 Water, Finished 120 5.0 ^

 Water, Untreated 120 5.0 ^

Tralomethrin I

 Water, Finished 120 300 ^

 Water, Untreated 120 300 ^

Appendix F. Page 16 of 17
Pesticide / Commodity

Pest. 

Type

Number 

of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detects

% of 

Samples 

with 

Detects

Range of 

Values 

Detected, ppt

Range of 

LODs, ppt

EPA MCL, 

ppt 1

EPA HA2, 

ppt 1

EPA 

FAO3

, 

ppt 1

Tri Allate H

 Water, Finished 261 12 - 40

 Water, Untreated 261 12 - 40

Triadimefon F

 Water, Finished 380 1.0 - 22.5

 Water, Untreated 381 4 1 4.0 - 6.9 1.0 - 22.5

Triadimenol F

 Water, Finished 141 39 - 130

 Water, Untreated 142 39 - 130

Triasulfuron H

 Water, Finished 141 1.6 - 5.3

 Water, Untreated 142 1.6 - 5.3

Triazole acetic acid - TAA FM

 Water, Finished 141 3 2.1 50 ^ 30 - 100

 Water, Untreated 142 3 2.1 50 - 166 30 - 100

Triazole alanine - TA FM

 Water, Finished 141 13 - 44

 Water, Untreated 104 13 - 44

Triclopyr H

 Water, Finished 238 35 14.7 10 - 84 6.0 - 124

 Water, Untreated 238 36 15.1 10 - 68 6.0 - 124

Trifluralin H

 Water, Finished 229 1.5 - 3.3 5000

 Water, Untreated 229 1.5 - 3.3

Triticonazole F

 Water, Finished 141 7.7 - 26

 Water, Untreated 142 7.7 - 26

Vinclozolin F

 Water, Finished 239 5.0 - 6.0

 Water, Untreated 239 5.0 - 6.0

NOTES

1

 = EPA MCL, HA, and FAO values have been multiplied by a factor of 1,000,000 as a basis for comparison using a single scale.

 There is no intention to imply any more exactness in the value than that originally expressed by EPA.

2 = EPA Health Advisory values shown are for lifetime exposure.

3

 = The FAO value applies to ambient water rather than drinking water.

4

 = The MCL for chlordane is inclusive of the isomers.

^

 = Only one distinct detected concentration or LOD value was reported for the pair.

Pesticide Types:

F = Fungicide, FM = Fungicide Metabolite

H = Herbicide, HM = Herbicide Metabolite

I = Insecticide, IM = Insecticide Metabolite

P = Plant Growth Regulator

Appendix F. Page 17 of 17
Appendix G

Sample Origin by State or Country 

(Determined by Grower, Packer, or Distributor)

Appendix G gives the number of fruit and vegetables, grain, and milk samples per 

State or country of origin and the number of samples of unknown origin. Where available, 

origin of fresh commodities is taken from the grower or packer information. For processed 

commodities, origin is determined primarily by packer or distributor. 

As shown in Appendix G, samples originated from 39 States plus Washington, DC, 

and 23 foreign countries. There were 382 domestic and 77 imported samples from 

unknown origins. 

Drinking water and soybean samples are excluded from Appendix G. Origins for 

drinking water and soybean samples are described in Section II – Sampling Operations. 
Part 1. Domestic Samples

Gra. Dai. No. of % of

States = 39 AP CF CN CU GB GR LT OG PE PP ST SW TO WS CC GC OJ SC WF MK Domestic Total

Alabama 2 2 <0.1

Arizona 21 2 1 3 5 5 9 1 1 48 0.4

Arkansas 3 15 9 60 4 10 101 0.9

California 37 168 218 52 128 342 651 562 132 138 599 240 126 113 353 59 21 154 69 155 4317 36.5

Colorado 1 1 2 9 1 5 1 2 25 10 1 15 73 0.6

Connecticut 1 23 <0.1

Florida 72 48 72 12 6 61 2 126 57 10 187 6 29 5 81 15 18 59 866 7.3

Georgia 30 36 1 19 2 8 10 4 2 112 0.9

Idaho 3 1 41 11 9 27 36 42 170 1.4

Illinois 1 21 3 1 11 10 18 65 0.5

Indiana 2 2 <0.1

Kansas 10 10 0.1

Kentucky 3 1 2 2 2 1 2 12 25 0.2

Louisiana 1 147 148 1.3

Maine 1 4 1 2 2 10 0.1

Maryland 6 4 16 10 1 1 1 2 11 3 28 3 3 8 15 16 128 1.1

Massachusetts 1 1 1 2 1 2 14 22 0.2

Michigan 20 1 21 22 1 1 1 6 5 13 41 38 9 5 12 40 61 297 2.5

Minnesota 5 1 1 9 3 1 2 16 13 2 3 351 20 427 3.6

Mississippi 56 56 0.5

Missouri 1 12 4 <0.1

Montana 1 1 <0.1

Nebraska 17 17 0.1

New Jersey 1 9 5 1 7 15 5 9 15 5 5 11 88 0.7

New Mexico 1 1 <0.1

New York 42 2 1 17 26 2 4 2 3 11 2 5 2 22 9 10 1 11 5 62 239 2.0

North Carolina 1 3 8 6 1 7 121 9 5 1 162 1.4

Ohio 2 1 39 13 27 2 3 1 9 8 6 15 35 8 16 12 48 87 332 2.8

Oklahoma 3 1 1 5 1 11 0.1

Oregon 4 2 121 2 2 10 8 9 18 11 187 1.6

Pennsylvania 8 2 2 5 1 4 2 2 1 3 22 52 0.4

South Carolina 7 3 10 0.1

Tennessee 3 7 8 16 4 38 0.3

Texas 30 3 25 20 18 10 23 41 24 22 15 61 34 2 69 20 15 9 34 71 546 4.6

Vermont 1 1 <0.1

Virginia 2 19 1 8 8 3 4 45 0.4

Washington 500 9 11 10 1 318 3 3 11 5 2 2 3 2 27 907 7.7

Washington D.C. 5 5 <0.1

West Virginia 1 1 <0.1

Wisconsin 3 3 1 4 1 1 3 4 2 1 3 3 2 5 4 3 5 4 19 71 0.6

Unknown State 14 7 8 44 75 16 13 8 20 24 12 59 23 37 8 2 2 2 8 382 3.2

No. of Domestics 682 181 394 286 481 390 735 695 638 392 688 732 500 306 720 177 167 366 713 739 9,982

% of Total 92 98 53 51 88 53 99 94 86 70 94 99 67 84 97 96 90 99 98 100 84.4

Fresh F&V

APPENDIX G. SAMPLE ORIGIN BY STATE OR COUNTRY 1 

Processed F&V

(Determined by Grower, Packer, or Distributor)

Appendix G. Page 1 of 2
Part 2. Imported Samples

Gra. Dai. No. of % of

Countries = 22 AP CF CN CU GB GR LT OG PE PP ST SW TO WS CC GC OJ SC WF MK Imports Total

Argentina 44 2 46 0.4

Australia 16 16 0.1

Belgium 1 1 <0.1

Brazil 1 2 2 5 <0.1

Canada 10 3 19 1 4 20 35 7 8 4 111 0.9

Chile 18 287 38 343 2.9

China 2 2 <0.1

Colombia 2 2 <0.1

Costa Rica 83 83 0.7

Dominican Republic 11 11 0.1

Guatemala 157 2 1 160 1.4

Honduras 82 33 8 123 1.0

Israel 3 3 <0.1

Italy 1 1 <0.1

Jamaica 1 1 <0.1

Japan 1 1 <0.1

Mexico 1 7 201 38 51 1 2 73 39 174 37 1 1 1 2 629 5.3

Netherlands 2 2 <0.1

New Zealand 24 8 4 36 0.3

Nicaragua 3 3 <0.1

Peru 2 2 <0.1

South Africa 2 28 3 7 40 0.3

Unknown Country 7 1 2 2 2 3 1 56 1 1 1 77 0.6

No. of Imports 59 4 344 257 42 346 8 46 95 154 43 5 211 52 12 84260 1698

% of Total 8 2 46 46 8 47 1 6 13 28 6 1 28 14 242110 14.4

Part 3. Mixed National Origin Samples

Gra. Dai. No. of % of

CC GC OJ SC WF MK Mixed Orig Total

Belize / Brazil 1 1 <0.1

Brazil / Costa Rica / USA 3 3 <0.1

Brazil / Mexico 2 2 <0.1

Brazil / Mexico / USA 3 3 <0.1

Brazil / USA 6 6 0.1

No. of Mixed National Origin Samples 15 15

% of Total 8 0.1

Part 4. Unknown Origin Samples

Gra. Dai. No. of % of

AP CF CN CU GB GR LT OG PE PP ST SW TO WS CC GC OJ SC WF MK Unknown Total

Unknown Origin 3 4 14 25 3 1 8 12 6 33 6 11 3 6 135

% of Total <1 1 3 5 <1 <1 1 2 1 4 2 1 1 1 1.1

GRAND TOTALS 744 185 742 557 548 739 743 742 741 558 731 743 744 364 743 185 186 371 725 739 11,830

NOTE

1

 Excludes drinking water and soybean samples.

Fresh F&V

Fresh F&V Processed F&V

Processed F&V

Processed F&V

Appendix G. Page 2 of 2
Appendix H 

Import vs. Domestic Pesticide Residue Comparisons 

 

PDP is designed to provide a comprehensive statistical picture of pesticide residues in 

the U.S. food supply, representing all sources, including imports. Most commodities 

consumed are generally produced in the United States with import components that vary by 

commodity. However, several commodities tested over the past several years were cyclical; 

that is, part of the year the commodity was produced domestically and part of the year it was 

imported. 

Appendix H compares residue data reported for samples originating in the United 

States with those of the same commodity from major exporting countries. Residue data for 

domestic cucumbers are compared with data for samples originating in Mexico for 2002 

through 2004. Residue data for grapes from the United States are compared with data for 

samples originating in Chile for 2004 only. For cantaloupe, 2003-2004 data from Costa Rica, 

Guatemala, Honduras, and Nicaragua were combined and compared with data from the 

United States. Only residues detected in more than 10 percent of all samples are included in 

each comparison. All pesticides detected were registered in the United States. However, the 

profiles of residue findings were markedly different in the United States samples versus 

samples from these exporting countries. The differences in residue detections between 

countries were likely due to the pesticides used in response to pest pressures based on 

differing environmental, climatic, and growing conditions. 
Origin Year

# of Samples 

Analyzed

# of Samples 

w/ Detections

% of Samples 

w/ Detections

# of Residues 

Detected

United States 2002 76 42 55.3 89

2003 375 216 57.6 423

2004 286 179 62.6 377

2002-2004 737 437 59.3 889

Mexico 2002 102 82 80.4 212

2003 324 275 84.9 721

2004 201 176 87.6 530

2002-2004 627 533 85.0 1,463

Pesticide Origin

# of Samples 

Analyzed

# of Samples 

w/ Detections

% of Samples 

w/ Detections

Endosulfan I, II, or sulfate United States 737 230 31.2

Mexico 627 400 63.8

Metalaxyl United States 737 93 12.6

Mexico 627 190 30.3

Methamidophos United States 737 27 3.7

Mexico 627 123 19.6

NOTE: The Limits of Detection (LODs) for pesticide detections in cucumbers are listed in Appendix B.

Appendix H. Import vs. Domestic Pesticide Residue Comparisons

2002-2004 Distribution of Residues for Cucumbers

United States Samples vs. Samples Originating in Mexico

2002-2004 Distribution of Residues for Cucumber Samples

Originating in Mexico vs. United States

(Only Pesticides with Residue Detections in at least 10 Percent of all Samples)

Appendix H. Page 1 of 3
Origin Year

# of Samples 

Analyzed

# of Samples 

w/ Detections

% of Samples 

w/ Detections

# of Residues 

Detected

United States 2004 390 271 69.5 473

Chile 2004 287 256 89.2 768

Pesticide Origin

# of Samples 

Analyzed

# of Samples 

w/ Detections

% of Samples 

w/ Detections

Captan United States 373 11 2.9

Chile 287 127 44.3

Chlorpyrifos United States 390 7 1.8

Chile 287 81 28.2

Cyprodinil United States 390 79 20.3

Chile 287 100 34.8

Ethephon United States 186 106 57.0

Chile 255 44 17.3

Fludioxonil United States 390 5 1.3

Chile 287 82 28.6

Imidacloprid United States 390 62 15.9

Chile 287 47 16.4

Iprodione United States 390 8 2.1

Chile 287 77 26.8

Myclobutanil United States 390 67 17.2

Chile 287 27 9.4

NOTE: The Limits of Detection (LODs) for pesticide detections in grapes are listed in Appendix B.

2004 Distribution of Residues for Grapes

United States Samples vs. Samples Originating in Chile

2004 Distribution of Residues for Grape Samples

Originating in Chile vs. United States

(Only Pesticides with Residue Detections in at least 10 Percent of all Samples)

Appendix H. Page 2 of 3
Origin Year

# of Samples 

Analyzed

# of Samples 

w/ Detections

% of Samples 

w/ Detections

# of Residues 

Detected

United States 2003 144 69 47.9 84

2004 394 132 33.5 165

2003-2004 538 201 37.4 249

Central America1 2003 35 33 94.3 52

2004 325 258 79.4 436

2003-2004 360 291 80.8 488

Pesticide Origin

# of Samples 

Analyzed

# of Samples 

w/ Detections

% of Samples 

w/ Detections

Endosulfan sulfate United States 538 155 28.8

Central America1 360 254 70.6

Methomyl United States 538 21 3.9

Central America1 360 135 37.5

1 Combined findings from Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras, and Nicaragua.

NOTE: The Limits of Detection (LODs) for pesticide detections in cantaloupe are listed in Appendix B.

2003-2004 Distribution of Residues for Cantaloupe Samples

Originating in Central America1

 vs. United States

(Only Pesticides with Residue Detections in at least 10 Samples)

 Central America1

2003-2004 Distribution of Residues for Cantaloupe

United States Samples vs. Samples Originating in

Appendix H. Page 3 of 3
Appendix I 

National Estimates for 

Concentration Percentiles vs. Tolerance

(Pairs With Residue Detections in at Least 10 Percent of Samples)

Appendix I shows 96 pesticide/commodity pairs (including metabolites, isomers, and 

degradates) with detections in at least 10 percent of the samples tested. Concentrations 

detected are arranged in percentiles. The 90th percentile is compared to the 

Environmental Protection Agency tolerance established for each pesticide/commodity pair. 

The meaning of a percentile can be most easily explained through an example. For 

the pears/thiabendazole pair, the 50th percentile, or median, is estimated to be 0.20 ppm. 

This means that PDP estimates that at least 50 percent of pears available to U.S. 

consumers had thiabendazole residues of 0.20 ppm or less, while at least 50 percent had 

residues of 0.20 ppm or more. Similarly, the 75th percentile (or the upper quartile) for this 

pair is estimated to be 0.51 ppm, which means that at least 75 percent of pears had 

thiabendazole residues of 0.51 ppm or less, while at least 25 percent had residues of 0.51 

ppm or more. Finally, the 90th percentile is estimated to be 0.96 ppm, meaning that at 

least 90 percent of all pears had thiabendazole residues of 0.96 ppm or less, while at least 

10 percent had residues of 0.96 ppm or more. 

Percent detections and percentiles for apples, cantaloupe, cauliflower, cucumbers, 

grapes, fresh green beans, lettuce, oranges, pears, strawberries, sweet bell peppers, sweet 

potatoes, tomatoes, and winter squash were weighted based on marketing data. 
APPENDIX I. NATIONAL ESTIMATES FOR CONCENTRATION PERCENTILES vs. TOLERANCE

(Pairs With Residue Detections in at Least 10 Percent of Samples 1)

% of Ratio of

Samples with Mean (ppm) 2 Percentiles (ppm) 90th Percentile

Commodity / Pesticide Detections Lower Upper 50th 75th 90th to Tolerance

1 Apples (W)

Azinphos methyl 41.3 0.019 0.025 * 0.030 0.056 0.037

Captan 8.7 0.012 0.025 * * * < 0.001

Captan metabolite 3 15.8 0.032 0.048 * * 0.062 0.002

Carbendazim (MBC) 20.1 0.005 0.005 * * 0.004 0.001

Diphenylamine 77.3 0.28 0.28 0.037 0.41 0.90 0.090

Ethephon 4 29.5 0.011 0.015 * 0.009 0.034 0.007

Imidacloprid 32.0 0.001 0.003 * 0.001 0.003 0.005

Phosmet 17.4 0.010 0.014 * * 0.027 0.003

Thiabendazole 85.9 0.35 0.36 0.10 0.43 1.0 0.10

2 Cantaloupe (W) 

Endosulfan sulfate 32.4 0.007 0.012 * 0.013 0.023 0.011

Methomyl 12.7 0.007 0.018 * * 0.022 0.11

3 Cauliflower (W) (October - December only)

Imidacloprid 73.4 0.004 0.004 0.002 0.003 0.009 0.003

4 Cucumbers (W)

Endosulfan I 34.0 0.008 0.011 * 0.009 0.022 0.011

Endosulfan II 24.8 0.006 0.010 * * 0.019 0.010

Endosulfan sulfate 42.2 0.012 0.015 * 0.019 0.035 0.018

Metalaxyl 14.7 0.005 0.014 * * 0.020 0.020

o-Phenylphenol 14.5 0.005 0.014 * * 0.019 0.002

5 Grapes (W)

Captan 16.4 0.018 0.026 * * 0.046 0.001

Chlorpyrifos 9.9 0.004 0.007 * * * < 0.001

Cyprodinil 24.4 0.038 0.043 * * 0.15 0.075

Ethephon 37.5 0.17 0.17 * 0.10 0.53 0.26

Fludioxonil 10.3 0.010 0.020 * * 0.018 0.018

Imidacloprid 16.8 0.009 0.017 * * 0.019 0.019

Iprodione 10.2 0.019 0.039 * * 0.025 < 0.001

Myclobutanil 14.8 0.010 0.029 * * 0.042 0.042

6 Green Beans (W) (April - December only)

Acephate 29.2 0.097 0.10 * 0.028 0.30 0.10

Chlorothalonil 28.8 0.009 0.011 * 0.003 0.021 0.004

Endosulfan I 10.0 0.003 0.006 * * 0.002 0.001

Endosulfan sulfate 15.6 0.014 0.017 * * 0.017 0.009

Methamidophos 27.7 0.033 0.036 * 0.012 0.12 0.12

o-Phenylphenol 5 71.7 0.016 0.019 0.019 0.026 0.032 NT

7 Green Beans, Canned

Acephate 14.1 0.004 0.007 * * 0.010 0.003

Methamidophos 15.1 0.003 0.007 * * 0.010 0.010

Appendix I. Page 1 of 4
% of Ratio of

Samples with Mean (ppm) 2 Percentiles (ppm) 90th Percentile

Commodity / Pesticide Detections Lower Upper 50th 75th 90th to Tolerance

8 Lettuce (W)

Acetamiprid 6 15.4 0.003 0.003 * * 0.002 0.011

DCPA 27.3 0.002 0.004 * 0.001 0.004 0.002

DDE p,p' 11.4 0.001 0.004 * * 0.002 0.004

Diazinon 10.2 0.001 0.003 * * 0.002 0.003

Dimethomorph 10.8 0.032 0.047 * * 0.004 < 0.001

Imidacloprid 66.9 0.008 0.010 0.003 0.009 0.023 0.006

Methomyl 11.0 0.014 0.019 * * 0.003 0.001

Permethrin cis 17.5 0.019 0.024 * * 0.030 0.002

Permethrin trans 12.4 0.015 0.022 * * 0.016 0.001

9 Milk (in parts per billion)

Cyaholothrin, Total 17.3 0.092 0.22 * * 0.38 0.002

DDE p,p' 96.0 0.50 0.51 0.26 0.56 1.2 0.001

Dieldrin 41.4 0.11 0.18 * 0.22 0.38 0.001

Diphenylamine 98.5 0.21 0.21 0.19 0.25 0.36 0.036

Endosulfan sulfate 18.2 0.051 0.15 * * 0.22 < 0.001

10 Orange Juice

Carbaryl 11.3 0.001 0.008 * * 0.002 < 0.001

o-Phenylphenol 38.7 0.009 0.015 * 0.019 0.026 0.003

11 Oranges (W)

Imazalil 74.9 0.074 0.081 0.055 0.095 0.16 0.016

o-Phenylphenol 17.7 0.004 0.012 * * 0.019 0.002

Thiabendazole 34.8 0.038 0.058 * 0.055 0.12 0.012

12 Peaches, Canned

Carbaryl 12.9 0.008 0.017 * * 0.019 0.002

13 Pears (W) 

Azinphos methyl 34.1 0.017 0.024 * 0.020 0.051 0.034

o-Phenylphenol 13.2 0.14 0.16 * * 0.032 0.001

Phosmet 17.8 0.022 0.028 * * 0.031 0.003

Thiabendazole 66.5 0.35 0.37 0.20 0.51 0.96 0.096

14 Soybeans (in parts per billion)

Chlorpyrifos 28.9 2.7 4.8 * 3.5 10.6 0.035

Malathion 11.7 3.1 8.2 * * 6.8 0.001

15 Spinach, Canned

Cypermethrin 23.2 0.063 0.086 * * 0.24 0.024

DDE p,p' 10.8 0.002 0.008 * * 0.008 0.017

Permethrin Total 65.8 1.2 1.2 0.70 2.0 3.1 0.16

Appendix I. Page 2 of 4
% of Ratio of

Samples with Mean (ppm) 2 Percentiles (ppm) 90th Percentile

Commodity / Pesticide Detections Lower Upper 50th 75th 90th to Tolerance

16 Strawberries (W)

Captan 62.4 0.34 0.34 0.062 0.29 0.74 0.030

Cyprodinil 10.2 0.028 0.090 * * 0.014 0.003

Fenhexamid 28.2 0.052 0.060 * 0.047 0.20 0.067

Fenpropathrin 12.2 0.021 0.038 * * 0.036 0.018

Fludioxonil 10.9 0.012 0.025 * * 0.018 0.009

Malathion 25.1 0.006 0.007 * 0.001 0.016 0.002

Methomyl 27.0 0.13 0.14 * 0.025 0.33 0.17

Myclobutanil 42.6 0.018 0.023 * 0.013 0.064 0.13

Tetrahydrophthalimide (THPI) 60.5 0.20 0.21 0.10 0.27 0.50 0.020

Triazole alanine (TA) 12.9 0.010 0.042 * * 0.042 NT

17 Sweet Bell Peppers (W) 

Acephate 24.0 0.048 0.050 * * 0.16 0.040

Bifenthrin 12.8 0.003 0.005 * * 0.007 0.014

Captan 11.7 0.020 0.037 * * 0.035 0.001

Carbendazim (MBC) 27.2 0.004 0.004 * * 0.004 0.022

Chlorpyrifos 16.6 0.008 0.009 * * 0.017 0.017

Dicofol p,p' 14.2 0.008 0.011 * * 0.009 0.002

Endosulfan I 10.8 0.003 0.009 * * 0.007 0.004

Endosulfan II 15.2 0.004 0.009 * * 0.015 0.008

Imidacloprid 80.8 0.008 0.008 0.003 0.009 0.023 0.023

Metalaxyl 17.0 0.006 0.014 * * 0.019 0.019

Methamidophos 33.7 0.019 0.020 * 0.011 0.068 0.068

Methomyl 13.1 0.010 0.010 * * 0.005 0.002

Oxamyl 16.7 0.004 0.004 * * 0.006 0.002

Thiabendazole 27.3 < 0.001 < 0.001 * < 0.001 < 0.001 NT

18 Sweet Potatoes (W)

Dicloran 44.2 0.15 0.15 * 0.18 0.44 0.044

o-Phenylphenol 11.4 0.005 0.013 * * 0.012 0.001

19 Tomatoes (W)

Endosulfan I 14.5 0.002 0.004 * * 0.008 0.004

Endosulfan II 22.6 0.003 0.006 * * 0.013 0.007

Endosulfan sulfate 21.3 0.002 0.005 * * 0.010 0.005

20 Wheat Flour 

Chlorpyrifos methyl 20.8 0.009 0.024 * * 0.048 0.008

Malathion 49.4 0.009 0.011 * 0.011 0.023 0.003

21 Winter Squash (W) (July - December only)

Chlorothalonil 18.3 0.020 0.024 * * 0.048 0.010

Endosulfan sulfate 12.1 0.003 0.009 * * 0.013 0.007

o-Phenylphenol 15.3 0.003 0.010 * * 0.019 NT

Appendix I. Page 3 of 4
NOTES

1 Includes some pairs with detections in more than 10 percent of the samples, but with estimated detections in less than 

10 percent of the population. Excludes pairs with less than 100 sample observations.

2 The mean is estimated with a range of values. The lower bound is calculated with non-detections valued at zero. 

The upper bound is calculated using the LOD.

3 Samples collected from May through December only.

4 Samples collected from January through August only.

5 No samples in April.

6 Samples collected from September through December only.

* The percentile value is estimated to be below the Limit of Detection (LOD)

(W) Weighted for utilization. The Percent of Samples with Detections was recalculated to reflect national estimates.

NT No Tolerance established.

Appendix I. Page 4 of 4
Appendix J 

Cumulative Distributions of Residues for Selected 

Pesticide/Commodity Pairs

In Appendix J, the concentrations detected (in parts per million, except where 

otherwise noted) are plotted versus the calculated percentiles for the following 12 

pesticide/commodity pairs: 

Diphenylamine / Apples 

Cyprodinil / Grapes 

Acephate / Green Beans 

Methamidophos / Grean Beans 

Imidacloprid / Lettuce 

Imazalil / Oranges 

Chlorpyrifos / Soybeans 

Permethrin Total / Spinach (Canned) 

Myclobutanil / Strawberries 

Imidacloprid / Sweet Bell Peppers 

Dicloran / Sweet Potatoes 

Malathion / Wheat Flour 

The distribution of residues for all of the PDP pesticide/commodity pairs has the 

same curved shape. For each pesticide/commodity pair, the highest percentile graphed in 

the appendix (99th) is lower than the highest concentration detected in the sample (refer to 

the value shown in each graph’s legend). Inclusion of the highest concentration would 

cause graph distortion, which would obscure concentrations in the low ranges. The 

tolerance for the pesticide/commodity pair also is indicated in the legend of each graph. 

The large dots show the percentage of the commodity at or below a given level of residue 

concentration. For example, an estimated 50 percent of apples available to U.S. consumers 

in 2004 had diphenylamine residue concentrations of 0.037 ppm or less. The solid lines, 

tailing the large dots, depict percentage values. The lowest value of these solid lines 

indicates the estimated percentage of the commodity available to U.S. consumers with no 

detectable residues. For diphenylamine in apples, this is 23 percent. The shaded bar 

denotes the range of values estimated for the mean. For diphenylamine in apples, the 

mean range is approximately 0.28 ppm, corresponding to the 69th percentile. 
Percentiles

Concentration - (parts per million)

10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

2.0

2.2

2.4

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

2.0

2.2

2.4

LEGEND

Tolerance is 10.0 ppm

Highest Level Detected is 3.6 ppm

MEAN

Percentiles

Concentration - (parts per million)

10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

2.0

2.2

2.4

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

2.0

2.2

2.4

Percentiles

Concentration - (parts per million)

10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

2.0

2.2

2.4

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

2.0

2.2

2.4

LEGEND

Tolerance is 10.0 ppm

MEAN

Diphenylamine / Apples

0

Percentiles

Concentration - (parts per million)

10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

2.0

2.2

2.4

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

2.0

2.2

2.4

Percentiles

Concentration - (parts per million)

10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

2.0

2.2

2.4

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

2.0

2.2

2.4

LEGEND

Tolerance is 10.0 ppm

Highest Level Detected is 3.6 ppm

MEAN

Percentiles

Concentration - (parts per million)

10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

2.0

2.2

2.4

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

2.0

2.2

2.4

Percentiles

Concentration - (parts per million)

10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

2.0

2.2

2.4

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

2.0

2.2

2.4

LEGEND

Tolerance is 10.0 ppm

MEAN

Diphenylamine / Apples

Percentiles

Concentration - (parts per million)

10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

2.0

2.2

2.4

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

2.0

2.2

2.4

Percentiles

Concentration - (parts per million)

10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

2.0

2.2

2.4

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

2.0

2.2

2.4

LEGEND

Tolerance is 10.0 ppm

MEAN

Diphenylamine / Apples

0

Highest Level Detected is 3.6 ppm

Percentiles

Concentration - (parts per million)

60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0.0

0.05

0.10

0.15

0.20

0.25

0.30

0.35

0.40

0.45

0.50

0.0

0.05

0.10

0.15

0.20

0.25

0.30

0.35

0.40

0.45

0.50

LEGEND

Tolerance is 2.0 ppm

Highest Level Detected is 0.83 ppm

MEAN

Percentiles

Concentration - (parts per million)

60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0.0

0.05

0.10

0.15

0.20

0.25

0.30

0.35

0.40

0.45

0.50

0.0

0.05

0.10

0.15

0.20

0.25

0.30

0.35

0.40

0.45

0.50

Percentiles

Concentration - (parts per million)

60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0.0

0.05

0.10

0.15

0.20

0.25

0.30

0.35

0.40

0.45

0.50

0.0

0.05

0.10

0.15

0.20

0.25

0.30

0.35

0.40

0.45

0.50

LEGEND

Tolerance is 2.0 ppm

Highest Level Detected is 0.83 ppm

MEAN

Cyprodinil / Grapes

 Appendix J. Page 1 of 6 

Appendix J. Cumulative Distributions of Residues 

for Selected Pesticide/Commodity Pairs 
Percentiles

Concentration - (parts per million)

30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

LEGEND

Tolerance is 3 ppm

Highest Level Detected is 2 ppm

MEAN

Percentiles

Concentration - (parts per million)

30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

Percentiles

Concentration - (parts per million)

30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

LEGEND

Tolerance is 3 ppm

Highest Level Detected is 2 ppm

MEAN

Acephate / Green Beans

Percentiles

Concentration - (parts per million)

30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0.0

0.05

0.10

0.15

0.20

0.25

0.30

0.35

0.40

0.45

0.0

0.05

0.10

0.15

0.20

0.25

0.30

0.35

0.40

0.45

LEGEND

Tolerance is 1 ppm

Highest Level Detected is 0.56 ppm

MEAN

Percentiles

Concentration - (parts per million)

30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0.0

0.05

0.10

0.15

0.20

0.25

0.30

0.35

0.40

0.45

0.0

0.05

0.10

0.15

0.20

0.25

0.30

0.35

0.40

0.45

Percentiles

Concentration - (parts per million)

30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0.0

0.05

0.10

0.15

0.20

0.25

0.30

0.35

0.40

0.45

0.0

0.05

0.10

0.15

0.20

0.25

0.30

0.35

0.40

0.45

LEGEND

Tolerance is 1 ppm

Highest Level Detected is 0.56 ppm

MEAN

Methamidophos / Green Beans

 Appendix J. Page 2 of 6 
Percentiles

Concentration - (parts per million)

20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0.0

0.01

0.02

0.03

0.04

0.05

0.06

0.07

0.08

0.0

0.01

0.02

0.03

0.04

0.05

0.06

0.07

0.08

LEGEND

Tolerance is 3.5 ppm

Highest Level Detected is 0.33 ppm

MEAN

Percentiles

Concentration - (parts per million)

20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0.0

0.01

0.02

0.03

0.04

0.05

0.06

0.07

0.08

0.0

0.01

0.02

0.03

0.04

0.05

0.06

0.07

0.08

Percentiles

Concentration - (parts per million)

20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0.0

0.01

0.02

0.03

0.04

0.05

0.06

0.07

0.08

0.0

0.01

0.02

0.03

0.04

0.05

0.06

0.07

0.08

LEGEND

Tolerance is 3.5 ppm

Highest Level Detected is 0.33 ppm

MEAN

Imidacloprid / Lettuce

Percentiles

Concentration - (parts per million)

10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0.0

0.05

0.10

0.15

0.20

0.25

0.30

0.35

0.0

0.05

0.10

0.15

0.20

0.25

0.30

0.35

LEGEND

Tolerance is 10.0 ppm

MEAN

Percentiles

Concentration - (parts per million)

10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0.0

0.05

0.10

0.15

0.20

0.25

0.30

0.35

0.0

0.05

0.10

0.15

0.20

0.25

0.30

0.35

LEGEND

Tolerance is 10.0 ppm

MEAN

Percentiles

Concentration - (parts per million)

10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0.0

0.05

0.10

0.15

0.20

0.25

0.30

0.35

0.0

0.05

0.10

0.15

0.20

0.25

0.30

0.35

LEGEND

Tolerance is 10.0 ppm

MEAN

Imazalil / Oranges

0

Highest Level Detected is 0.95 ppm

 Appendix J. Page 3 of 6 
Percentiles

Concentration - (parts per BILLION)

70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

LEGEND

Tolerance is 300 ppb

Highest Level Detected is 25.2 ppb

MEAN

Percentiles

Concentration - (parts per BILLION)

70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

Percentiles

Concentration - (parts per BILLION)

70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

LEGEND

Tolerance is 300 ppb

Highest Level Detected is 25.2 ppb

MEAN

Chlorpryifos / Soybeans

Percentiles

Concentration - (parts per million)

20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

LEGEND

Tolerance is 20.0 ppm

Highest Level Detected is 11 ppm

MEAN

Percentiles

Concentration - (parts per million)

20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

Percentiles

Concentration - (parts per million)

20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

LEGEND

Tolerance is 20.0 ppm

Highest Level Detected is 11 ppm

MEAN

Permethrin Total / Spinach (Canned)

 Appendix J. Page 4 of 6 
Percentiles

Concentration - (parts per million)

40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0.0

0.02

0.04

0.06

0.08

0.10

0.12

0.14

0.16

0.18

0.20

0.22

0.0

0.02

0.04

0.06

0.08

0.10

0.12

0.14

0.16

0.18

0.20

0.22

LEGEND

Tolerance is 0.50 ppm

Highest Level Detected is 0.64 ppm

MEAN

Percentiles

Concentration - (parts per million)

40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0.0

0.02

0.04

0.06

0.08

0.10

0.12

0.14

0.16

0.18

0.20

0.22

0.0

0.02

0.04

0.06

0.08

0.10

0.12

0.14

0.16

0.18

0.20

0.22

Percentiles

Concentration - (parts per million)

40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0.0

0.02

0.04

0.06

0.08

0.10

0.12

0.14

0.16

0.18

0.20

0.22

0.0

0.02

0.04

0.06

0.08

0.10

0.12

0.14

0.16

0.18

0.20

0.22

LEGEND

Tolerance is 0.50 ppm

Highest Level Detected is 0.64 ppm

MEAN

Myclobutanil / Strawberries

Percentiles

Concentration - (parts per million)

10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0.0

0.01

0.02

0.03

0.04

0.05

0.06

0.07

0.08

0.0

0.01

0.02

0.03

0.04

0.05

0.06

0.07

0.08

LEGEND

MEAN

Percentiles

Concentration - (parts per million)

10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0.0

0.01

0.02

0.03

0.04

0.05

0.06

0.07

0.08

0.0

0.01

0.02

0.03

0.04

0.05

0.06

0.07

0.08

Percentiles

Concentration - (parts per million)

10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0.0

0.01

0.02

0.03

0.04

0.05

0.06

0.07

0.08

0.0

0.01

0.02

0.03

0.04

0.05

0.06

0.07

0.08

LEGEND

MEAN

Tolerance is 1.0 ppm

Highest Level Detected is 0.13 ppm

Imidacloprid / Sweet Bell Peppers

0

 Appendix J. Page 5 of 6 
Percentiles

Concentration - (parts per million)

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

2.0

0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

2.0

LEGEND

Tolerance is 10 ppm

Highest Level Detected is 4.1 ppm

MEAN

Percentiles

Concentration - (parts per million)

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

2.0

0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

2.0

Percentiles

Concentration - (parts per million)

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

2.0

0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

2.0

LEGEND

Tolerance is 10 ppm

Highest Level Detected is 4.1 ppm

MEAN

Dicloran / Sweet Potatoes

Percentiles

Concentration - (parts per million)

20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0.0

0.01

0.02

0.03

0.04

0.05

0.06

0.07

0.08

0.09

0.0

0.01

0.02

0.03

0.04

0.05

0.06

0.07

0.08

0.09

LEGEND

Tolerance is 8 ppm

Highest Level Detected is 0.68 ppm

MEAN

Percentiles

Concentration - (parts per million)

20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0.0

0.01

0.02

0.03

0.04

0.05

0.06

0.07

0.08

0.09

0.0

0.01

0.02

0.03

0.04

0.05

0.06

0.07

0.08

0.09

Percentiles

Concentration - (parts per million)

20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0.0

0.01

0.02

0.03

0.04

0.05

0.06

0.07

0.08

0.09

0.0

0.01

0.02

0.03

0.04

0.05

0.06

0.07

0.08

0.09

LEGEND

Tolerance is 8 ppm

Highest Level Detected is 0.68 ppm

MEAN

Malathion / Wheat Flour

Appendix J. Page 6 of 6 
Appendix K

Number of Pesticides Detected per Sample

Appendix K shows the percentage of samples versus the number of pesticides 

detected per sample, excluding drinking water. The graph and data on page 1 show the 

overall number of samples and percentages (of total number of samples analyzed) for each 

detection group across all commodities. The table on page 2 shows the number of 

pesticides detected by individual commodity. For the 12,446 samples analyzed, 29.5 

percent of the samples had no detectable pesticides, 30.0 percent had 1 pesticide, and 

40.5 percent of the samples had more than 1 pesticide. 

This appendix reports the number of distinct pesticides rather than residues, as was 

reported in summaries prior to 2003. A parent compound and its metabolites are reported 

as a single pesticide. For example, a single application of the pesticide endosulfan may 

result in residues of the parent compound endosulfan I, its endosulfan II isomer, and its 

endosulfan sulfate metabolite. Thus, three residue detections could result from the use of a 

single pesticide. In the 2002 and previous summaries, the corresponding appendix would 

have counted these results as three distinct residues, while this appendix counts the 

findings as just one distinct pesticide. 

In most cases, results in this appendix reflect pesticide residue concentrations from 

samples analyzed from composites of 3 to 5 pounds, depending on the commodity. 

Therefore, the number of pesticides reported does not necessarily reflect the number of 

pesticides per individual sample or per single serving of a commodity. 
APPENDIX K. SAMPLES vs. NUMBER OF PESTICIDES1

 DETECTED PER SAMPLE2

35

30

25

20

15

10

5

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

Number of

Samples 3,674 3,730 2,310 1,380 739 338 148 64 34 19 5 3 2

Percent of

Total Samples 29.5 30.0 18.6 11.1 5.9 2.7 1.2 0.5 0.3 0.2 0.04 0.02 0.02

TOTAL NUMBER OF SAMPLES = 12,446

NOTES

1

 Parent compounds and their metabolites are combined to report the number of "pesticides" rather than the number of "residues,"

 as was reported in summaries prior to 2003. For example, a sample with positive detections for Endosulfan I, II, and sulfate would

 have been counted as three residues detected in the 2002 Appendix L. That same sample would be counted as just one pesticide 

 detected in this appendix.

2

 Excludes drinking water samples.

Number of Pesticides Detected per Sample

Number of Pesticides Detected per Sample

Percent of Samples

29.5

18.6

30.0

2.7

5.9

11.1

0.3 0.2 0.5

1.2

0.04 0.02 0.02

Appendix K. Page 1 of 2
Commodity (# of samples) 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

Fresh Fruit and Vegetables:

Apples (744) 2.3 5.8 15.3 27.8 27.2 14.4 4.7 1.7 0.7 0.1 -- -- --

Cantaloupe (742) 45.8 32.7 15.9 5.0 0.5 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --

Cauliflower (185) 27.6 64.3 7.0 1.1 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --

Cucumbers (557) 27.5 39.0 21.7 9.2 2.2 0.4 0.2 -- -- -- -- -- --

Grapes (739) 22.3 32.2 21.2 11.8 7.2 3.1 1.6 0.4 0.1 -- -- -- --

Green Beans (548) 29.4 21.4 23.2 17.9 5.7 2.2 0.4 -- -- -- -- -- --

Lettuce (743) 11.6 27.9 21.3 14.7 11.4 6.5 3.0 1.7 1.1 0.8 0.1 -- --

Oranges (742) 11.9 49.6 33.7 4.4 0.4 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --

Pears (741) 13.2 38.3 27.0 13.2 5.9 1.9 0.4 -- -- -- -- -- --

Sweet Bell Peppers (558) 3.4 12.4 18.1 17.9 16.7 10.0 9.3 5.0 3.6 2.0 0.7 0.5 0.4

Strawberries (731) 6.8 19.7 28.2 24.6 12.6 5.1 1.9 1.0 -- 0.1 -- -- --

Sweet Potatoes (743) 38.0 48.2 11.7 2.2 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --

Tomatoes (744) 51.7 34.5 11.0 2.0 0.7 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --

Winter Squash (364) 59.9 27.2 10.2 1.9 0.5 0.3 -- -- -- -- -- -- --

Processed Fruit and Vegetables:

Green Beans, Canned (185) 76.2 9.7 12.4 1.6 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --

Orange Juice (186) 50.0 49.5 0.5 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --

Peaches, Canned (743) 78.2 20.1 1.7 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --

Spinach, Canned (371) 19.1 56.1 21.6 2.7 0.5 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --

Percent of Total Samples 28.9 31.2 18.2 10.2 6.1 2.9 1.4 0.6 0.3 0.2 0.05 0.03 0.02

Actual Number of Samples 2,999 3,230 1,888 1,053 628 300 141 64 34 19 5 3 2

Grain Products: 

Soybeans (616) 58.4 37.3 4.2 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --

Wheat Flour (725) 43.4 34.5 19.6 2.3 -- 0.1 -- -- -- -- -- -- --

Percent of Total Samples 50.3 35.8 12.5 1.3 -- 0.07 -- -- -- -- -- -- --

Actual Number of Samples 675 480 168 17 -- 1 -- -- -- -- -- -- --

Dairy Product: 

Milk (739) -- 2.7 34.4 41.9 15.0 5.0 0.9 -- -- -- -- -- --

Number of Samples -- 20 254 310 111 37 7 -- -- -- -- -- --

NOTES

1 Parent compounds and their metabolites are combined to report the number of "pesticides" rather than the number of "residues,"

as was reported in summaries prior to 2003. 

2 Excludes the 762 drinking water samples.

Number of Pesticides1 Detected per Sample2

APPENDIX K. SAMPLES vs. NUMBER OF PESTICIDES DETECTED PER SAMPLE

Percent

TOTAL NUMBER OF FRUIT & VEGETABLE SAMPLES = 10,366

Appendix K. Page 2 of 2
Appendix L

Fruit and Vegetable Samples Reported to FDA as 

Exceeding the Tolerance 

or Without Established Tolerance 

(per Code of Federal Regulations, Title 40, Part 180)

 

Appendix L shows residues reported to FDA as exceeding the tolerance or residues 

for which no established tolerance was listed under the Code of Federal Regulations 

(CFR), Title 40, Part 180. In 2004, a total of 672 samples with 700 residues were reported 

to the FDA as Presumptive Tolerance Violations. 

 A total of 21 fruit and vegetable samples were found to have residues at levels 

exceeding the established tolerance. Samples containing a residue exceeding an 

established tolerance included 3 cantaloupe samples, 3 cucumber samples, 6 grape 

samples, 7 strawberry samples, and 2 winter squash samples. Of those 21 samples, 9 

were reported as imported produce. 

In addition, 652 fruit and vegetable samples were found to have residues for which 

no tolerance was established. 

• 625 samples contained 1 residue for which no tolerance was established. 

• 26 samples contained 2 residues for which no tolerance was established. 

• 1 sample contained 3 residues for which no tolerance was established. 

One of the 652 samples also contained one residue that exceeded an established 

tolerance. 

 The columns under the Sample Origin heading provide the number of samples that 

were of domestic, import, or unknown origin for each pesticide/commodity pair listed. 

Appendix L also notes if metabolites (or isomers) were detected as part of the same 

sample. In instances where both parent and metabolite (or isomer) were detected, PDP 

accounted for both as part of the same tolerance expression. 

 
Residues Exceeding Established Tolerance

Commodity / Pesticide

Limit of 

Detection, 

ppm

Concentration 

Detected, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Sample 

Origin

1 Cantaloupe / Methomyl 0.017 0.50 0.2 Import

2 Cantaloupe / Methomyl 0.012 0.39 0.2 Import

3 Cantaloupe / Methomyl 0.014 0.32 0.2 U.S.

4 Cucumbers / Acephate 0.002 0.052 0.02 U.S.

5 Cucumbers / Acephate 0.002 0.036 0.02 U.S.

6 Cucumbers / Chlorpyrifos 0.004 0.12 0.05 Import

7 Grapes / Ethephon 0.005 4.6 2.0 U.S.

8 Grapes / Ethephon 0.005 4.5 2.0 Import

9 Grapes / Ethephon 0.005 4.4 2.0 Import

10 Grapes / Ethephon 0.005 3.6 2.0 Import

11 Grapes / Ethephon 0.005 2.6 2.0 Import

12 Grapes / Methamidophos 0.008 0.035 0.02 Import

13 Strawberries / Cyhalothrin, Lambda 0.010 0.060 0.01 U.S.

14 Strawberries / Cyhalothrin, Lambda 0.010 0.043 0.01 U.S.

15 Strawberries / Cyhalothrin, Total (Cyhalothrin-L + R157836 epimer) 0.008 0.037 0.01 U.S.

16 Strawberries / Cyhalothrin, Total (Cyhalothrin-L + R157836 epimer) 0.008 0.031 0.01 U.S.

17 Strawberries / Methomyl 0.014 4.1 2 U.S.

18 Strawberries / Methomyl 0.014 3.7 2 U.S.

19 Strawberries / Myclobutanil 0.001 0.64 0.50 U.S.

20 Winter Squash / Acephate + Methamidophos 0.005 0.27 0.02 Import

21 Winter Squash / Dieldrin 0.006 0.20 0.1 U.S.

APPENDIX L. SAMPLES REPORTED TO FDA AS EXCEEDING THE TOLERANCE

OR WITHOUT ESTABLISHED TOLERANCE

(per Code of Federal Regulations, Title 40, Part 180)

Appendix L. Page 1 of 4
Commodity / Pesticide U.S. Import Unk.

1 Apples

1 Naphthol 5 5 100 0.017 - 0.25 0.010 ^ 4 1 0

Chlorpropham 528 1 0.2 0.010 ^ 0.006 ^ 1 0 0

Dicloran 528 1 0.2 0.003 ^ 0.002 ^ 1 0 0

Iprodione 528 2 0.4 0.014 - 0.032 0.008 ^ 0 2 0

Methoxychlor olefin 528 2 0.4 0.003 - 0.014 0.001 ^ 2 0 0

Methoxychlor Total 528 2 0.4 0.053 - 0.53 0.002 ^ 2 0 0

Mevinphos Total 528 1 0.2 0.003 ^ 0.002 ^ 1 0 0

Propargite 528 1 0.2 0.15 ^ 0.026 - 0.088 1 0 0

Tebuconazole 498 1 0.2 0.013 ^ 0.002 ^ 1 0 0

2 Cantaloupe

Diphenylamine (DPA) 742 2 0.3 0.014 ^ 0.008 - 0.010 2 0 0

3 Cauliflower

Dimethomorph 185 1 0.5 0.003 ^ 0.002 ^ 1 0 0

4 Cucumbers

Chlorpropham 396 2 0.5 0.017 ^ 0.010 - 0.011 1 1 0

Cypermethrin 396 1 0.3 0.050 ^ 0.030 - 0.036 1 0 0

Dimethoate 397 6 1.5 0.003 - 0.22 0.002 ^ 1 5 0

 Omethoate 1 397 2 0.5 0.007 - 0.078 0.004 ^ 0 2 0

Iprodione 395 1 0.3 0.035 ^ 0.021 ^ 0 1 0

Oxadixyl 557 2 0.4 0.025 - 0.054 0.015 ^ 0 2 0

Tebuconazole 395 1 0.3 0.033 ^ 0.020 ^ 1 0 0

Triadimenol 109 1 0.9 0.025 ^ 0.015 ^ 0 1 0

5 Grapes

Diflubenzuron 1 1 100 0.012 ^ 0.007 ^ 0 1 0

Malathion oxygen analog 738 1 0.1 0.020 ^ 0.003 - 0.006 1 0 0

o-Phenylphenol 2 528 2 0.4 0.017 ^ 0.010 - 0.015 0 2 0

Triadimenol 212 15 7.1 0.025 - 0.22 0.015 ^ 2 13 0

6 Green Beans

Carbofuran 388 1 0.3 0.003 ^ 0.002 - 0.015 1 0 0

o-Phenylphenol 2 104 67 64.4 0.017 ^ 0.010 ^ 56 11 0

Permethrin Total 387 1 0.3 0.24 ^ 0.075 ^ 1 0 0

Tebufenozide 2 2 100 0.028 - 0.043 0.003 ^ 2 0 0

Sample Origin

Distribution of Residues with No Tolerance Listed in 40 CFR, Part 180, 

Range of 

LODs, ppm

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

Reported

% of 

Samples 

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

by Commodity/Pesticide

Appendix L. Page 2 of 4
Commodity / Pesticide U.S. Import Unk.

7 Lettuce

Atrazine 527 4 0.8 0.003 - 0.011 0.002 ^ 4 0 0

Carbendazim (MBC) 527 7 1.3 0.0002 - 0.0003 0.0001 ^ 7 0 0

Chlorothalonil 1 1 100 0.008 ^ 0.005 ^ 1 0 0

Diflubenzuron 527 1 0.2 0.011 ^ 0.007 ^ 1 0 0

Hexachlorobenzene (HCB) 175 1 0.6 0.002 ^ 0.001 ^ 1 0 0

Linuron 512 1 0.2 0.005 ^ 0.003 ^ 1 0 0

Malathion oxygen analog 743 1 0.1 0.021 ^ 0.003 ^ 0 1 0

Napropamide 528 1 0.2 0.17 ^ 0.007 - 0.020 1 0 0

o-Phenylphenol 2 582 42 7.2 0.017 ^ 0.003 - 0.010 42 0 0

Oxamyl 486 5 1 0.001 - 0.040 0.0003 - 0.008 5 0 0

Tebuconazole 483 1 0.2 0.003 ^ 0.002 ^ 1 0 0

Thiabendazole 527 43 8.2 0.0002 - 0.032 0.0001 ^ 41 2 0

8 Milk (in parts per billion)

Fluvalinate 739 3 0.4 0.75 - 2.4 0.45 ^ 3 0 0

9 Pears

1 Naphthol 7 7 100 0.017 - 0.13 0.010 ^ 1 6 0

Chlorpropham 525 1 0.2 0.018 ^ 0.011 ^ 1 0 0

Dicloran 526 2 0.4 0.006 - 0.013 0.004 - 0.008 2 0 0

Diphenylamine (DPA) 741 37 5 0.017 - 0.97 0.010 - 0.015 23 13 1

Iprodione 526 2 0.4 0.035 - 0.038 0.021 - 0.023 0 2 0

Prochloraz 525 1 0.2 0.013 ^ 0.002 - 0.005 1 0 0

Propargite 525 3 0.6 0.016 - 0.12 0.015 - 0.30 3 0 0

Thiodicarb 1 1 100 0.021 ^ 0.002 ^ 0 1 0

10 Spinach, Canned

DCPA 371 25 6.7 0.012 - 0.044 0.007 ^ 24 1 0

Dicloran 371 1 0.3 0.029 ^ 0.010 ^ 1 0 0

11 Strawberries

Malathion oxygen analog 731 29 4 0.002 - 0.013 0.0009 - 0.003 28 1 0

Triazole alanine (TA) 518 64 12.4 0.060 - 0.13 0.036 ^ 62 2 0

Vinclozolin 1 1 100 0.034 ^ 0.010 ^ 1 0 0

12 Sweet Bell Peppers

Chlorpropham 558 9 1.6 0.010 ^ 0.006 ^ 7 2 0

Dicloran 558 1 0.2 0.52 ^ 0.002 ^ 0 1 0

Diphenylamine (DPA) 558 4 0.7 0.005 ^ 0.003 ^ 3 0 1

Fenamiphos sulfoxide 544 1 0.2 0.003 ^ 0.002 ^ 1 0 0

Forchlorfenuron 496 1 0.2 0.0002 ^ 0.0001 - 0.0002 0 1 0

Hexythiazox 1 1 100 0.054 ^ 0.033 ^ 0 1 0

Imazalil 558 1 0.2 0.016 ^ 0.010 ^ 1 0 0

Iprodione 558 2 0.4 0.053 - 0.085 0.028 ^ 2 0 0

Propiconazole 466 1 0.2 0.004 ^ 0.002 ^ 1 0 0

Thiabendazole 558 152 27.2 0.0002 - 0.003 0.0001 ^ 102 46 4

Vinclozolin 558 2 0.4 0.006 - 0.036 0.004 ^ 2 0 0

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

Reported

% of 

Samples 

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

Sample Origin

Appendix L. Page 3 of 4
Commodity / Pesticide U.S. Import Unk.

13 Sweet Potatoes

Chlorpropham 2 2 100 0.017 ^ 0.010 ^ 2 0 0

14 Tomatoes

Iprodione 1 1 100 0.057 ^ 0.034 ^ 0 1 0

15 Wheat Flour

Methoxychlor p,p' 725 21 2.9 0.008 ^ 0.005 ^ 20 1 0

Pirimiphos methyl 725 15 2.1 0.005 ^ 0.003 ^ 15 0 0

16 Winter Squash

Diphenylamine (DPA) 262 1 0.4 0.014 ^ 0.008 ^ 1 0 0

Hexachlorobenzene (HCB) 263 1 0.4 0.003 ^ 0.002 - 0.003 1 0 0

o-Phenylphenol 2 331 53 16 0.014 - 0.017 0.008 - 0.010 51 2 0

NOTES

1 One detection within the same sample as Dimethoate.

2 o-Phenylphenol is a disinfectant approved for use in food handling establishments, including production facilities for

commodities identified above.

Note:

For those pesticide/commodity pairs where the minimum detected value is less than the limit of quantitation (3 times the

limit of detection), the reported values are estimates. In a few cases, this may apply to the maximum detected value.

Range of 

LODs, ppm

Number of Sample Origin

Samples

Samples 

Reported

% of 

Samples 

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Appendix L. Page 4 of 4