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## Injury Prevention & Control: Traumatic Brain Injury

### Traumatic Brain Injury

              - Concussion & Mild TBI                  - Recognition
                - Response
                - Feeling Better
                - Prevention
                - Clinical Diagnosis & Management
                - Support and Resources 
              - Concussion in Sports                  - Recognition
                - Response
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                - Survivor Stories
                - Get the Facts
                - Additional Resources 
              - Severe TBI
              - Statistics
              - Long-term Outcomes
              - Causes & Risk Groups                  - Infants & Toddlers
                - Kids & Teens
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#### Injury Center Topics

                - Saving Lives & Protecting People
                - Home & Recreational Safety
                - Motor Vehicle Safety
                - Traumatic Brain Injury
                - Injury Response
                - Violence Prevention
                - Data & Statistics (WISQARS)
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            - CDC's Injury Center

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# Traumatic Brain Injury

                          Traumatic brain injury  (TBI) is a serious public health problem in the United States.  Each year,  traumatic brain injuries contribute to a substantial number of deaths and cases  of permanent disability. Recent data shows that, on average, approximately 1.7  million people sustain a traumatic brain injury annually.1

A TBI is caused by a  bump, blow or jolt to the head or a penetrating head injury that disrupts the  normal function of the brain. Not all blows or jolts to the head result in a  TBI. The severity of a TBI may range from “mild,” i.e., a brief change in  mental status or consciousness to “severe,” i.e., an extended period of  unconsciousness or amnesia after the injury. The majority of TBIs that occur  each year are concussions  or other forms of mild TBI.2

CDC’s research and  programs work to prevent TBI and help people better recognize, respond, and  recover if a TBI occurs.

### Traumatic Brain Injury Topics

                            - Concussion and Mild TBI
                            - Severe TBI
                            - Concussion in Sports
                            - Clinical Diagnosis and Management

                            - Statistics
                            - Long-term Outcomes
                            - Causes and Risk Groups
                            - Prevention

- Traumatic Brain Injury in the United States: Emergency  Department Visits, Hospitalizations, and Deaths, 2002-2006.  Available as [ PDF 2MB ] or [ Word 482K ].
- New Report –  Surveillance for Traumatic Brain Injury–Related Deaths — United States, 1997–2007, *MMWR Surveillance Summaries*

### Research Activities

                          - Traumatic Brain Injuries Related to Sports and Recreation Activities Among Persons Aged ≤19 Years — United States, 2001–2009 
                          - TBI Reports and Fact Sheets
                          - Research Findings on Treatment Guidelines for Severe TBI
                          - CDC Study Finds Traumatic Brain Injuries Can Result from  Seniors Falls               

### Educational Initiatives and  Campaigns

                          - Heads Up: Brain Injury in Your Practice
                          - Heads Up: Concussion in High School Sports
                          - Heads Up: Concussion in Youth Sports
                          - Heads Up: Prevent Shaken Baby Syndrome
                          - Heads Up to Schools: Know Your Concussion ABCs
                          - Help Seniors Live Better, Longer: Prevent Brain Injury

#### References

                      - Faul M, Xu L, Wald  MM, Coronado VG. Traumatic brain injury in the United States: emergency  department visits, hospitalizations, and deaths. Atlanta (GA): Centers for  Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Injury Prevention and  Control; 2010. 
                      - Centers for Disease Control and       Prevention (CDC), National Center for Injury Prevention and Control.       Report to Congress on mild traumatic brain injury in the United States:       steps to prevent a serious public health problem. Atlanta (GA): Centers       for Disease Control and Prevention; 2003. 

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            - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention          National Center for Injury Prevention and Control (NCIPC)          4770 Buford Hwy, NE          MS F-63          Atlanta, GA 30341-3717
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          - Page last reviewed:  September 21, 2011
          - Page last updated:  February 28, 2012
          - Content source:  Centers for Disease Control and Prevention ,  National Center for Injury Prevention and   Control    

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