89–006 

111TH CONGRESS REPORT " ! HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 1st Session 111–325 

TO ENACT CERTAIN LAWS RELATING TO NATIONAL AND 

COMMERCIAL SPACE PROGRAMS AS TITLE 51, UNITED 

STATES CODE, ‘‘NATIONAL AND COMMERCIAL SPACE 

PROGRAMS’’ 

NOVEMBER 2, 2009.—Referred to the House Calendar and ordered to be printed 

Mr. CONYERS, from the Committee on the Judiciary, 

submitted the following 

R E P O R T 

[To accompany H.R. 3237] 

[Including cost estimate of the Congressional Budget Office] 

The Committee on the Judiciary, to whom was referred the bill 

(H.R. 3237) to enact certain laws relating to national and commercial space programs as title 51, United States Code, ‘‘National and 

Commercial Space Programs’’, having considered the same, report 

favorably thereon and recommend that the bill do pass. 

TABLE OF CONTENTS 

Page 

Purpose and Summary ............................................................................................ 2 

Background and Need for Legislation .................................................................... 2 

Conformity With Original Intent ........................................................................... 2 

Hearings ................................................................................................................... 3 

Committee Consideration ........................................................................................ 3 

Committee Votes ...................................................................................................... 3 

Committee Oversight Findings ............................................................................... 3 

New Budget Authority and Tax Expenditures ...................................................... 3 

Congressional Budget Office Cost Estimate .......................................................... 4 

Performance Goals and Objectives ......................................................................... 5 

Constitutional Authority Statement ...................................................................... 5 

Advisory on Earmarks ............................................................................................. 5 

Disposition Table ..................................................................................................... 5 

Section-by-Section Analysis .................................................................................... 23 


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PURPOSE AND SUMMARY

H.R. 3237 would enact certain laws relating to national and commercial space programs as title 51, United States Code, ‘‘National 

and Commercial Space Programs’’. 

BACKGROUND AND NEED FOR LEGISLATION

H.R. 3237 revises and restates certain laws relating to national 

and commercial space programs and re-enacts those laws as title 

51, United States Code. The bill was prepared by the Office of the 

Law Revision Counsel of the House of Representatives, as part of 

its responsibility under 2 U.S.C. 285b to submit to the Committee 

on the Judiciary proposed bills to enact titles of the United States 

Code into positive law. 

This bill has undergone extensive review in two previous Congresses. Predecessor bills to H.R. 3237 were introduced in the 

109th and 110th Congresses — H.R. 3039 in the 109th, and H.R. 

4780 in the 110th. This bill is substantially identical to H.R. 4780, 

with a few revisions to respond to comments received. 

CONFORMITY WITH ORIGINAL INTENT

In the drafting, the intent is to comply with the standard set 

forth in 2 U.S.C. 285b(1), that the restatement of existing law shall 

conform to ‘‘the understood policy, intent, and purpose of the Congress in the original enactments, with such amendments and corrections as will remove ambiguities, contradictions, and other imperfections . . . .’’ 

In restating existing law, this bill consolidates various provisions 

of law which have been enacted separately over a period of many 

years, reorganizing them, conforming style and terminology, modernizing obsolete language, and correcting drafting errors. These 

changes are not intended to have substantive effect, or to impair 

in any way the precedential value of earlier judicial decisions or 

other interpretations. 

This bill is intended to restate existing law without substantive 

change. That enactment of a bill such as this one does not make 

substantive change in the law, absent an unequivocal expression of 

Congressional intent to make such a change, has been repeatedly 

held in numerous cases, including the following: 

Finley v. United States, 490 U.S. 545, 553–555 (1989). 

Cass v. United States, 417 U.S. 72, 81–82 (1974). 

Tidewater Oil Co. v. U.S., 409 U.S. 151, 161–162 (1972). 

United States v. Cook, 384 U.S. 257, 260 (1966). 


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Fourco Glass Co. v. Transmirra Products Corp., 353 U.S. 222, 

226–227 (1957). 

Washington–Dulles Transportation, Ltd. v. Metropolitan Washington Airports Authority, 263 F.3d 371, 378–379 (4th Cir. 2001). 

Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway Co. v. United States, 617 

F.2d 485, 490–491 (7th Cir. 1980). 

Trailer Marine Transport Corp. v. Federal Maritime Commission, 602 F.2d 379, 383 (D.C. Cir. 1979). 

See also NORMAN J. SINGER, SUTHERLAND STATUTORY CONSTRUC- TION, §§ 28.10, 28.11 (6th ed. 2002). 

HEARINGS

No hearings were held on H.R. 3237. 

COMMITTEE CONSIDERATION

On October 21, 2009, the Committee met in open session and ordered the bill, H.R. 3237, favorably reported, by voice vote, a 

quorum being present. 

COMMITTEE VOTES

In compliance with clause 3(b) of rule XIII of the Rules of the 

House of Representatives, the Committee advises that there were 

no recorded votes during the Committee’s consideration of H.R. 

3237. 

COMMITTEE OVERSIGHT FINDINGS

In compliance with clause 3(c)(1) of rule XIII of the Rules of the 

House of Representatives, the Committee advises that the findings 

and recommendations of the Committee, based on oversight activities under clause 2(b)(1) of rule X of the Rules of the House of Representatives, are incorporated in the descriptive portions of this report. 

NEW BUDGET AUTHORITY AND TAX EXPENDITURES

Clause 3(c)(2) of rule XIII of the Rules of the House of Representatives is inapplicable because this legislation does not provide new 

budget authority or increased tax expenditures. 


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CONGRESSIONAL BUDGET OFFICE COST ESTIMATE

In compliance with clause 3(c)(3) of rule XIII of the Rules of the 

House of Representatives, the Committee sets forth, with respect to 

the bill, H.R. 3237, the following estimate and comparison prepared 

by the Director of the Congressional Budget Office under section 

402 of the Congressional Budget Act of 1974: 

U.S. CONGRESS, 

CONGRESSIONAL BUDGET OFFICE, 

Washington, DC, October 30, 2009. 

Honorable JOHN CONYERS, JR. 

Chairman, 

Committee on the Judiciary, 

U.S. House of Representatives, 

Washington, DC 20515. 

Dear Mr. Chairman: 

The Congressional Budget Office has prepared the enclosed cost 

estimate for H.R. 3237, a bill to enact certain laws relating to national and commercial space programs as title 51, United States 

Code, ‘‘National and Commercial Space Programs.’’ 

If you wish further details on this estimate, we will be pleased 

to provide them. The CBO staff contact is Jeff LaFave, who can be 

reached at 226-2860. 

Sincerely, 

Douglas W. Elmendorf 

Enclosure 

cc: Honorable Lamar Smith 

Ranking Minority Member 

H.R. 3237—A bill to enact certain laws relating to national and 

commercial space programs as title 51, United States Code, ‘‘National and Commercial Space Programs’’ 

As ordered reported by the House Committee on the Judiciary on 

October 21, 2009 

H.R. 3237 would codify certain laws relating to national and commercial space programs as title 51 of the United States Code. In 

restating existing law, the legislation would make technical 

changes to the law involving national and commercial space programs. CBO estimates that enacting H.R. 3237 would have no significant impact on the federal budget and would not affect direct 

spending or revenues. 

H.R. 3237 contains no intergovernmental or private-sector mandates as defined in the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act and would 

impose no costs on state, local, or tribal governments. 

The CBO staff contact for this estimate is Jeff LaFave. The estimate was approved by Theresa Gullo, Deputy Assistant Director 

for Budget Analysis. 


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PERFORMANCE GOALS AND OBJECTIVES

The Committee states that pursuant to clause 3(c)(4) of rule XIII 

of the Rules of the House of Representatives, H.R. 3237 will revise 

and restate certain laws relating to national and commercial space 

programs, and re-enact those laws as title 51, United States Code. 

CONSTITUTIONAL AUTHORITY STATEMENT

Pursuant to clause 3(d)(1) of rule XIII of the Rules of the House 

of Representatives, the Committee finds the authority for this legislation in article I, section 8 of the Constitution. 

ADVISORY ON EARMARKS

In accordance with clause 9 of rule XXI of the Rules of the House 

of Representatives, H.R. 3237 does not contain any congressional 

earmarks, limited tax benefits, or limited tariff benefits as defined 

in clause 9(d), 9(e), or 9(f) of Rule XXI. 

DISPOSITION TABLE

This table shows a disposition for provisions affected by the bill. 

Disposition Table 

Former United States Code Section Disposition 

15 U.S.C. 1511e ........................................................................ 51 U.S.C. 50702 

15 U.S.C. 1535 ......................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 50703 

15 U.S.C. 5601 ......................................................................... Not repealed but omitted from text of title 51. Section 2 of 

the Land Remote Sensing Policy Act of 1992 (15 U.S.C. 

5601) provides findings related to land remote sensing 

policy. 

15 U.S.C. 5602 ......................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 60101 

15 U.S.C. 5611 ......................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 60111 

15 U.S.C. 5612 ......................................................................... Repealed as obsolete. Section 102 of the Land Remote 

Sensing Policy Act of 1992 (15 U.S.C. 5612) required the 

Landsat Program Management, subject to appropriations 

and only under certain existing contract authority, to expeditiously contract with a United States private sector 

entity for the development and delivery of Landsat 7. 

15 U.S.C. 5613 ......................................................................... Repealed as obsolete. Section 103 of the Land Remote 

Sensing Policy Act of 1992 (15 U.S.C. 5613) required the 

Landsat Program Management, within 30 days after October 28, 1992, to enter into negotiations with the Landsat 

6 contractor with respect to unenhanced data for which 

the Landsat 6 contractor had responsibility under its contract. In the event such negotiations had not, by September 30, 1993, resulted in an agreement meeting certain specified goals, the Administrator of the National 

Aeronautics and Space Administration and the Secretary 

of Defense were jointly required to certify and report their 

determination of that fact to Congress, with a review of 

options, projected costs, and recommendations for 

achieving the specified goals. 

15 U.S.C. 5614 ......................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 60112 


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Disposition Table—Continued 

Former United States Code Section Disposition 

15 U.S.C. 5615(a), (b) .............................................................. 51 U.S.C. 60113 

15 U.S.C. 5615(c) ..................................................................... Repealed as obsolete. Section 105(c) of the Land Remote 

Sensing Policy Act of 1992 (15 U.S.C. 5615(c)) required 

the Landsat Program Management to develop and submit 

to Congress, not later than July 15, 1994, a report containing a Landsat 7 Data Policy Plan. 

15 U.S.C. 5615(d) ..................................................................... Repealed as obsolete. Section 105(d) of the Land Remote 

Sensing Policy Act of 1992 (15 U.S.C. 5615(d)) required 

the Landsat Program Management to submit reports to 

Congress providing justification for certain aspects of the 

Landsat 7 data policy. The first such report was required 

to be submitted not later than 12 months after submission of the Landsat 7 Data Policy Plan required by section 105(c) of the Act (15 U.S.C. 5615(c)). Thereafter, the 

reports were required to be submitted annually until the 

launch of Landsat 7, which occurred on April 15, 1999. 

15 U.S.C. 5621 ......................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 60121 

15 U.S.C. 5622 ......................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 60122 

15 U.S.C. 5623 ......................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 60123 

15 U.S.C. 5624 ......................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 60124 

15 U.S.C. 5625 ......................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 60125 

15 U.S.C. 5631 ......................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 60131 

15 U.S.C. 5632 ......................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 60132 

15 U.S.C. 5633(a)–(e) .............................................................. 51 U.S.C. 60133 

15 U.S.C. 5633(f) ...................................................................... Repealed as obsolete. Section 303(f) of the Land Remote 

Sensing Policy Act of 1992 (15 U.S.C. 5633(f)) required 

the President to assess the progress of the technology 

demonstration program under section 303 of the Act (15 

U.S.C. 5633) and submit a report to Congress within 2 

years after October 28, 1992. 

15 U.S.C. 5641(a) ..................................................................... Repealed as obsolete. Section 401(a) of the Land Remote 

Sensing Policy Act of 1992 (15 U.S.C. 5641(a)) required, 

within 5 years after October 28, 1992, the Landsat Program Management, in consultation with representatives 

of appropriate United States Government agencies, to assess and report to Congress on options for a successor 

land remote sensing system to Landsat 7. 

15 U.S.C. 5641(b), (c) .............................................................. 51 U.S.C. 60134 

15 U.S.C. 5651 ......................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 60141 

15 U.S.C. 5652 ......................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 60142 

15 U.S.C. 5653 ......................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 60143 

15 U.S.C. 5654 ......................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 60144 

15 U.S.C. 5655 ......................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 60145 

15 U.S.C. 5656 ......................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 60146 

15 U.S.C. 5657 ......................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 60147 

15 U.S.C. 5658 ......................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 60148 

15 U.S.C. 5671 ......................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 60161 

15 U.S.C. 5672 ......................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 60162 

15 U.S.C. 5801 ......................................................................... Not repealed but omitted from text of title 51. Section 501 

of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act, Fiscal Year 1993 (15 U.S.C. 5801) provides findings related to national space competitiveness. 

15 U.S.C. 5802 ......................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 50501 

15 U.S.C. 5803(a)–(c) .............................................................. 51 U.S.C. 50502 

15 U.S.C. 5803(d) ..................................................................... Repealed as obsolete. Section 504(d) of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act, Fiscal Year 1993 (15 U.S.C. 5803(d)), required the Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration to conduct an ongoing review of the program established under section 504 of the Act (15 U.S.C. 5803) and 

report the results of the review to Congress not later than 

January 31, 1995. 

15 U.S.C. 5804 ......................................................................... Previously repealed. 


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Disposition Table—Continued 

Former United States Code Section Disposition 

15 U.S.C. 5805 ......................................................................... Repealed as obsolete. Section 506 of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act, Fiscal Year 1993 (15 U.S.C. 5805), required the Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the Secretary of Defense, as appropriate, in coordination with the Secretary of Transportation, to conduct an inventory and identify all launch support facilities owned by the United States Government. To the extent practicable, the Administrator and the Secretary of 

Defense were also required to identify launch support facilities which could be made available for use by nonFederal entities on a reimbursable basis without interfering with Federal activities. Not later than one year 

after November 4, 1992, the Administrator and the Secretary of Defense were each required to submit a report 

to Congress. 

15 U.S.C. 5806 ......................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 50503 

15 U.S.C. 5807 ......................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 50504 

15 U.S.C. 5808 ......................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 50506 

42 U.S.C. 2451 ......................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 20102 

42 U.S.C. 2452 ......................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 20103 

42 U.S.C. 2453 ......................................................................... Repealed as obsolete. Section 302 of the National Aeronautics and Space Act of 1958 (42 U.S.C. 2453) provided 

that the President, for a period of four years after July 

29, 1958, was authorized to transfer to the National Aeronautics and Space Administration the functions of other 

Federal agencies that related primarily to the prescribed 

functions of the Administration. 

42 U.S.C. 2454 ......................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 20131 

42 U.S.C. 2455(a) ..................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 20132 

42 U.S.C. 2455(b) ..................................................................... Not repealed but omitted from text of title 51. Section 

304(b) of the National Aeronautics and Space Act of 

1958 (42 U.S.C. 2455(b)) provides that the Atomic Energy 

Commission may authorize its employees to permit any 

member, officer, or employee of the National Aeronautics 

and Space Council (and certain others) to have access to 

‘‘Restricted Data’’ under certain circumstances. The 

Atomic Energy Commission was abolished and its functions were transferred by sections 104 and 201 of the 

Energy Reorganization Act of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5814, 42 

U.S.C. 5841). The National Aeronautics and Space Council 

(which was established under section 201(a) of the National Aeronautics and Space Act of 1958 (Public Law 

85–568, 72 Stat. 427)), including the office of Executive 

Secretary of the Council, together with its functions, was 

abolished by section 3(a)(4) of Reorganization Plan No. 1 

of 1973 (5 App. U.S.C.). 

42 U.S.C. 2456 ......................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 20133 

42 U.S.C. 2456a ....................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 20134 

42 U.S.C. 2457 ......................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 20135 

42 U.S.C. 2458 ......................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 20136 

42 U.S.C. 2458a ....................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 20137 

42 U.S.C. 2458b ....................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 20138 

42 U.S.C. 2458c ........................................................................ 51 U.S.C. 20139 

42 U.S.C. 2459 ......................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 20140 

42 U.S.C. 2459a ....................................................................... Not repealed but omitted from text of title 51. Section 202 

of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act, Fiscal Year 1993 (42 U.S.C. 2459a), provides that certain appropriations authorized under the Act 

may remain available until expended and that certain 

contracts may be entered into for training, investigations, 

and costs associated with personnel relocation and for 

other services provided during the fiscal year following 

the fiscal year in which funds are appropriated. 

42 U.S.C. 2459b ....................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 20141 


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Disposition Table—Continued 

Former United States Code Section Disposition 

42 U.S.C. 2459c ........................................................................ 51 U.S.C. 20142 

42 U.S.C. 2459d ....................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 30301 

42 U.S.C. 2459e ........................................................................ 51 U.S.C. 30302 

42 U.S.C. 2459f ........................................................................ 51 U.S.C. 20143 

42 U.S.C. 2459f–1 .................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 20144 

42 U.S.C. 2459g ....................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 30307 

42 U.S.C. 2459h ....................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 30308(b) 

42 U.S.C. 2459i ........................................................................ 51 U.S.C. 30102 

42 U.S.C. 2459j ........................................................................ 51 U.S.C. 20145 

42 U.S.C. 2459k ........................................................................ 51 U.S.C. 20146 

42 U.S.C. 2459l ........................................................................ 51 U.S.C. 20147 

42 U.S.C. 2460 ......................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 30101 

42 U.S.C. 2461 ......................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 30901 

42 U.S.C. 2462 ......................................................................... Previously repealed. 

42 U.S.C. 2463 ......................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 30303 

42 U.S.C. 2464 ......................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 70101 

42 U.S.C. 2464a ....................................................................... Not repealed but omitted from text of title 51. Section 8111 

of the Department of Defense Appropriations Act, 1986 

(42 U.S.C. 2464a), provides, in fiscal year 1986, that the 

Secretary of Defense and the Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration jointly determine which payloads are to be launched on Titan II 

launch vehicles, with certifications to Congress required 

regarding cost effectiveness and possible waivers. 

42 U.S.C. 2465 ......................................................................... Previously repealed. 

42 U.S.C. 2465a(a) ................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 70102(a) 

42 U.S.C. 2465a(b) ................................................................... Repealed as obsolete. Section 112(b) of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act, Fiscal Year 1991 (42 U.S.C. 2465a(b)), required the Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, within six months after November 16, 1990, to 

submit a report to Congress setting forth a plan to implement the policy described in subsection (a)(1) of the 

section. 

42 U.S.C. 2465a(c) ................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 70102(b) 

42 U.S.C. 2465a(d) ................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 70102(c) 

42 U.S.C. 2465b ....................................................................... Previously repealed. 

42 U.S.C. 2465c ........................................................................ 51 U.S.C. 70103(a) 

42 U.S.C. 2465d ....................................................................... Previously repealed. 

42 U.S.C. 2465e ........................................................................ Previously repealed. 

42 U.S.C. 2465f ........................................................................ 51 U.S.C. 70103(b) 

42 U.S.C. 2466 ......................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 70301 

42 U.S.C. 2466a ....................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 70302 

42 U.S.C. 2466b ....................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 70303 

42 U.S.C. 2466c ........................................................................ 51 U.S.C. 70304 

42 U.S.C. 2467 ......................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 40901 

42 U.S.C. 2467a ....................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 40902 

42 U.S.C. 2467b(a) ................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 40903(b) 

42 U.S.C. 2467b(b) ................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 40903(c) 

42 U.S.C. 2467b(c) ................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 40903(a) 

42 U.S.C. 2471 (prior) .............................................................. Repealed as obsolete. Section 201 of the National Aeronautics and Space Act of 1958, which was classified to a 

prior 42 U.S.C. 2471, established the National Aeronautics and Space Council. The provision is obsolete because section 3(a)(4) of Reorganization Plan No. 1 of 

1973 (5 App. U.S.C.) abolished the National Aeronautics 

and Space Council, including the office of Executive Secretary of the Council, together with its functions, effective 

July 1, 1973. 

42 U.S.C. 2471 ......................................................................... Not repealed but omitted from text of title 51. Section 501 

of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act, Fiscal Year 1989 (42 U.S.C. 2471), provides for establishment of the National Space Council. 

The National Space Council has not functioned or been 

staffed since 1993. 


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Disposition Table—Continued 

Former United States Code Section Disposition 

42 U.S.C. 2471a ....................................................................... Not repealed but omitted from text of title 51. Section 121 

of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act, Fiscal Year 1991 (42 U.S.C. 2471a), provides that the National Space Council (see item for 42 

U.S.C. 2471 in this table) shall establish a Users’ Advisory Group. The National Space Council has not functioned or been staffed since 1993. 

42 U.S.C. 2472 ......................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 20111 

42 U.S.C. 2473(a), (b) .............................................................. 51 U.S.C. 20112 

42 U.S.C. 2473(c) ..................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 20113 

42 U.S.C. 2473a ....................................................................... Previously repealed. 

42 U.S.C. 2473b (1st par.) ....................................................... 51 U.S.C. 30304 

42 U.S.C. 2473b (last par.) ...................................................... Repealed as obsolete. The last paragraph under the heading 

‘‘Small and Disadvantaged Business’’, at 103 Stat. 864, 

in the Departments of Veterans Affairs and Housing and 

Urban Development, and Independent Agencies Appropriations Act, 1990 (42 U.S.C. 2473b (last par.)), required the 

Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration to submit, within one year from November 9, 

1989, a plan describing the process to be followed to 

achieve the goal prescribed in the first paragraph under 

that heading in that Act (42 U.S.C. 2473b (1st par.)). 

42 U.S.C. 2473c(a) ................................................................... Repealed as unnecessary. Section 21(a) of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act, Fiscal Year 1992 (42 U.S.C. 2473c(a)), provided a short title 

for section 21 of the Act (42 U.S.C. 2473c). 

42 U.S.C. 2473c(b) ................................................................... Not repealed but omitted from text of title 51. Section 21(b) 

of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act, Fiscal Year 1992 (42 U.S.C. 2473c(b)) 

provides findings related to alcohol abuse, illegal drug 

use, the effectiveness of testing programs as a deterrent, 

and the ability to establish programs with adequate safeguards to protect the privacy of individuals being tested. 

42 U.S.C. 2473c(c)–(h) ............................................................. 51 U.S.C. 31102 

42 U.S.C. 2473d ....................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 30309 

42 U.S.C. 2473e ........................................................................ Previously repealed. 

42 U.S.C. 2474(a) ..................................................................... Repealed as obsolete. Section 204(a) of the National Aeronautics and Space Act of 1958 (42 U.S.C. 2474(a)) established the Civilian-Military Liaison Committee. The 

Committee was abolished and its functions, together with 

the functions of its chairman and other officers, were 

transferred to the President of the United States by sections 1(e) and 3(a) of Reorganization Plan No. 4 of 1965 

(5 App. U.S.C.). 

42 U.S.C. 2474(b) ..................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 20114(a) 

42 U.S.C. 2474(c) ..................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 20114(b) 

42 U.S.C. 2474(d) ..................................................................... Repealed as obsolete. Section 204(d) of the National Aeronautics and Space Act of 1958 (42 U.S.C. 2474(d)) provided that an active or retired officer of the Army, Navy, 

or Air Force could serve as Chairman of the Civilian-Military Liaison Committee established by section 204(a) of 

the Act (42 U.S.C. 2474(a)). The Committee was abolished. See item for 42 U.S.C. 2474(a) in this table. 

42 U.S.C. 2475 ......................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 20115 

42 U.S.C. 2475a(a) ................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 30701(a) 

42 U.S.C. 2475a(b) ................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 30701(b)(2) 

42 U.S.C. 2475b ....................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 30702 

42 U.S.C. 2476 ......................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 20116 

42 U.S.C. 2476a ....................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 20117 


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Disposition Table—Continued 

Former United States Code Section Disposition 

42 U.S.C. 2476b ....................................................................... Repealed as obsolete. Section 208 of the National Aeronautics and Space Act of 1958 (42 U.S.C. 2476b) authorized the Administrator of the National Aeronautics and 

Space Administration to accept gifts and donations of 

services, money, and property to be used for construction 

of a space shuttle orbiter. The authority of the Administrator to accept gifts or donations terminated five years 

after October 30, 1987. 

42 U.S.C. 2477 ......................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 31101 

42 U.S.C. 2481 ......................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 20161 

42 U.S.C. 2482 ......................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 20162 

42 U.S.C. 2483 ......................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 20163 

42 U.S.C. 2484 ......................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 20164 

42 U.S.C. 2486 ......................................................................... Not repealed but omitted from text of title 51. Section 202 

of the National Space Grant College and Fellowship Act 

(42 U.S.C. 2486) provides findings related to the national 

space grant college and fellowship program of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. 

42 U.S.C. 2486a ....................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 40301 

42 U.S.C. 2486b ....................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 40302 

42 U.S.C. 2486c ........................................................................ 51 U.S.C. 40303 

42 U.S.C. 2486d ....................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 40304 

42 U.S.C. 2486e ........................................................................ 51 U.S.C. 40305 

42 U.S.C. 2486f ........................................................................ 51 U.S.C. 40306 

42 U.S.C. 2486g ....................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 40307 

42 U.S.C. 2486h ....................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 40308 

42 U.S.C. 2486i ........................................................................ 51 U.S.C. 40309 

42 U.S.C. 2486j ........................................................................ Previously repealed. 

42 U.S.C. 2486k ........................................................................ 51 U.S.C. 40310 

42 U.S.C. 2486l ........................................................................ Repealed as obsolete. Section 214 of the National Space

Grant College and Fellowship Act (42 U.S.C. 2486l ) authorized appropriations for fiscal years 1988, 1989, 1990, 

and 1991. 

42 U.S.C. 2487 ......................................................................... Not repealed but omitted from text of title 51. Section 601 

of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act, Fiscal Year 1993 (42 U.S.C. 2487) provides findings related to biomedical research in space. 

42 U.S.C. 2487a ....................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 40501 

42 U.S.C. 2487b ....................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 40502 

42 U.S.C. 2487c ........................................................................ 51 U.S.C. 40503 

42 U.S.C. 2487d ....................................................................... Previously repealed. 

42 U.S.C. 2487e ........................................................................ 51 U.S.C. 40504 

42 U.S.C. 2487f ........................................................................ 51 U.S.C. 40505 

42 U.S.C. 2487g ....................................................................... Repealed as obsolete. Section 608 of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act, Fiscal Year 1993 (42 U.S.C. 2487g), provided that the Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration should ensure that up to $3,750,000 from the 

appropriations authorized for ‘‘Research and Development’’ for fiscal year 1993 were also used to carry out 

title VI of the Act. 

42 U.S.C. 14701 ....................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 50101 

42 U.S.C. 14711(a) ................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 50111(a) 

42 U.S.C. 14711(b) ................................................................... Repealed as obsolete. Section 101(b) of the Commercial 

Space Act of 1998 (42 U.S.C. 14711(b)) required the Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration to deliver various studies and reports to Congress. The last report was required to be delivered no 

later than the submission of the President’s annual 

budget request for fiscal year 2000. 

42 U.S.C. 14712(a) ................................................................... Not repealed but omitted from text of title 51. Section 

104(a) of the Commercial Space Act of 1998 (42 U.S.C. 

14712(a)) provided findings related to the Global Positioning System as an essential element in civil, scientific, 

and military space development. 


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Disposition Table—Continued 

Former United States Code Section Disposition 

42 U.S.C. 14712(b) ................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 50112 

42 U.S.C. 14713 ....................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 50113 

42 U.S.C. 14714 ....................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 50114 

42 U.S.C. 14715(a) ................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 50115(a) 

42 U.S.C. 14715(b) ................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 50115(b) 

42 U.S.C. 14715(c) ................................................................... Repealed as obsolete. Section 107(c) of the Commercial 

Space Act of 1998 (42 U.S.C. 14715(c)) required the Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration to conduct a study to determine the extent to 

which the baseline scientific requirements of Earth 

science can be met by commercial providers. The results 

of the study were required to be transmitted to Congress 

within six months after October 28, 1998. 

42 U.S.C. 14715(d) ................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 50115(c) 

42 U.S.C. 14715(e) ................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 50115(d) 

42 U.S.C. 14731 ....................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 50131 

42 U.S.C. 14732 ....................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 50132 

42 U.S.C. 14733(a) ................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 50133 

42 U.S.C. 14733(b), (c) ............................................................ Repealed as obsolete. Section 204(b) of the Commercial 

Space Act of 1998 (42 U.S.C. 14733(b)) required the Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration to conduct a study of the feasibility of implementing the recommendation of the Independent Shuttle 

Management Review Team that the National Aeronautics 

and Space Administration transition toward the privatization of the Space Shuttle. Section 204(c) of the Act (42 

U.S.C. 14733(c)) required that, within 60 days after October 28, 1998, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration complete the study and submit a report to the 

Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of 

the Senate and the Committee on Science and Technology 

of the House of Representatives. 

42 U.S.C. 14734 ....................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 50134 

42 U.S.C. 14735 ....................................................................... Repealed as obsolete. Section 206 of the Commercial Space 

Act of 1998 (42 U.S.C. 14735) required the Secretary of 

Defense, in consultation with the Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and others, 

to prepare and submit to certain committees of Congress 

a report related to national launch capabilities. The report was to be submitted no later than 180 days after 

October 28, 1998. The report was to access the total potential space missions expected to be conducted from the 

date of the report through December 31, 2007, and identify potential resource deficiencies. Based on the report, 

recommendations related to national launch capabilities 

were to be made by the Secretary of Defense, after consultation with certain Federal, State, and local officials 

and representatives from the private sector. 

42 U.S.C. 14751 ....................................................................... Not repealed but omitted from text of title 51. Section 902 

of the Commercial Reusable In-Space Transportation Act 

of 2002 (42 U.S.C. 14751) provides findings related to 

the need for development of commercial reusable inspace transportation systems. 

42 U.S.C. 14752 ....................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 50302 

42 U.S.C. 14753 ....................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 50301 

42 U.S.C. 16601 ....................................................................... Not repealed but omitted from text of title 51. Section 2 of 

the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16601) provides definitions applicable in the Act. 

42 U.S.C. 16611(a) ................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 20301 

42 U.S.C. 16611(b) ................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 20302 


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Disposition Table—Continued 

Former United States Code Section Disposition 

42 U.S.C. 16611(c) ................................................................... Not repealed but omitted from text of title 51. Section 

101(c) of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16611(c)) provides that the President shall develop a national policy to 

guide aeronautics research and development programs 

through 2020. Not later than 1 year after December 30, 

2005, the policy is to be transmitted to the Committee on 

Appropriations of the House of Representatives, the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate, the Committee on 

Science and Technology of the House of Representatives, 

and the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate. 

42 U.S.C. 16611(d) ................................................................... Not repealed but omitted from text of title 51. Section 

101(d) of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16611(d)) provides that the Administrator of the National Aeronautics 

and Space Administration shall develop a plan to guide 

the science programs of the Administration through 2016. 

Not later than 1 year after December 30, 2005, the plan 

is to be transmitted to the Committee on Science and 

Technology of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the 

Senate. 

42 U.S.C. 16611(e) ................................................................... Not repealed but omitted from text of title 51. Section 

101(e) of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16611(e)) provides that the Administrator of the National Aeronautics 

and Space Administration shall develop a plan for managing the facilities of the Administration through 2015. 

Not later than the date on which the President submits 

the proposed budget for the Federal Government for fiscal 

year 2008 to Congress, the plan is to be transmitted to 

the Committee on Science and Technology of the House of 

Representatives and the Committee on Commerce, 

Science, and Transportation of the Senate. 

42 U.S.C. 16611(f) .................................................................... Not repealed but omitted from text of title 51. Section 101(f) 

of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16611(f)) provides that 

the Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space 

Administration shall develop a human capital strategy to 

ensure that the Administration has a workforce of the appropriate size and with the appropriate skills to carry out 

its programs through 2011. Not later than 60 days after 

the date on which the President submits the proposed 

budget for the Federal Government for fiscal year 2007 to 

Congress, the strategy is to be transmitted to the Committee on Science and Technology of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Commerce, Science, 

and Transportation of the Senate. 

42 U.S.C. 16611(g) ................................................................... Not repealed but omitted from text of title 51. Section 

101(g) of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16611(g)) provides that the Administrator of the National Aeronautics 

and Space Administration shall conduct a study to determine whether any of the Administration’s centers should 

be operated by or with the private sector by converting a 

center to a Federally Funded Research and Development 

Center or through any other mechanism. Not later than 

May 31, 2006, the study is to be transmitted to the Committee on Science and Technology of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Commerce, Science, 

and Transportation of the Senate. 

42 U.S.C. 16611(h)(1) .............................................................. 51 U.S.C. 30103(a) 


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Disposition Table—Continued 

Former United States Code Section Disposition 

42 U.S.C. 16611(h)(2) .............................................................. Not repealed but omitted from text of title 51. Section 

101(h)(2) of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16611(h)(2)) 

provides that it is the sense of Congress that each budget submitted to Congress should be evaluated for compliance with the findings and priorities established by the 

Act and the amendments made by the Act. 

42 U.S.C. 16611(i) .................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 30103(b) 

42 U.S.C. 16611(j) .................................................................... Not repealed but omitted from text of title 51. Section 101(j) 

of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16611(j)) provides that 

the Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy shall commission an independent review of the Nation’s long-term strategic needs for aeronautics test facilities and shall submit the review to the Committee on 

Science and Technology of the House of Representatives 

and the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate. In addition, the Administrator of the 

National Aeronautics and Space Administration is prohibited from closing or mothballing certain aeronautics test 

facilities until certain conditions are met. 

42 U.S.C. 16611a(a) ................................................................. 51 U.S.C. 20303(a) 

42 U.S.C. 16611a(b) ................................................................. 51 U.S.C. 20303(b) 

42 U.S.C. 16611a(c) ................................................................. 51 U.S.C. 20303(c) 

42 U.S.C. 16611a(d) ................................................................. Not repealed but omitted from text of title 51. Section 

2001(d) of the America COMPETES Act (42 U.S.C. 

16611a(d)) provides a sense of Congress related to authorized funding levels enabling the National Aeronautics 

and Space Administration to contribute significantly to 

innovation in the United States and undertake related activities. 

42 U.S.C. 16611a(e) ................................................................. 51 U.S.C. 20303(d) 

42 U.S.C. 16611a(f) .................................................................. Not repealed but omitted from text of title 51. Section 

2001(f) of the America COMPETES Act (42 U.S.C. 

16611a(f)) provides that not later than 1 year after August 9, 2007, the Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration shall submit to Congress a report on a plan for instituting assessments of 

the effectiveness of the National Aeronautics and Space 

Administration’s science, technology, engineering, and 

mathematics education programs in improving student 

achievement. 

42 U.S.C. 16611b ..................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 30103(c) 

42 U.S.C. 16611b note (Public Law 111–8, div. B, title III, 

(3d proviso in par. under heading ‘‘Cross Agency Support’’, at 123 Stat. 589)).

51 U.S.C. 30103(d) 

42 U.S.C. 16612 ....................................................................... Not repealed but omitted from text of title 51. Section 102 

of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16612) provides that 

certain actions are to be taken and reports are to be 

transmitted in 2006, 2007, and 2008 to the Committee 

on Science and Technology of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Commerce, Science, and 

Transportation of the Senate. 

42 U.S.C. 16613 ....................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 30104 

42 U.S.C. 16614 ....................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 30703 

42 U.S.C. 16615 ....................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 30501 


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Disposition Table—Continued 

Former United States Code Section Disposition 

42 U.S.C. 16616 ....................................................................... Not repealed but omitted from text of title 51. Section 108 

of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16616) provides that 

the Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space 

Administration shall develop a commercialization plan to 

support the human missions to the Moon and Mars, to 

support low-Earth orbit activities and Earth science missions and applications, and to transfer science research 

and technology to society. Not later than 180 days after 

December 30, 2005, the plan is to be submitted to the 

Committee on Science and Technology of the House of 

Representatives and the Committee on Commerce, 

Science, and Transportation of the Senate. 

42 U.S.C. 16617 ....................................................................... Not repealed but omitted from text of title 51. Section 109 

of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16617) provides that 

the Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space 

Administration shall conduct a feasibility study on the 

use of ground source heat pumps in future Administration facilities or substantial renovation of existing Administration facilities involving the installation of heating, 

ventilating, and air conditioning systems. Not later than 

1 year after December 30, 2005, the study is to be transmitted to the Committee on Science and Technology of 

the House of Representatives and the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate. 

42 U.S.C. 16618 ....................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 30502 

42 U.S.C. 16631 ....................................................................... Repealed as obsolete. Section 202 of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 

2005 (42 U.S.C. 16631) authorized appropriations for fiscal year 2007. 

42 U.S.C. 16632 ....................................................................... Repealed as obsolete. Section 203 of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 

2005 (42 U.S.C. 16632) authorized appropriations for fiscal year 2008. 

42 U.S.C. 16633 ....................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 70902 

42 U.S.C. 16634 ....................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 50505 

42 U.S.C. 16635 ....................................................................... Not repealed but omitted from text of title 51. Section 206 

of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16635) provides that 

amounts appropriated pursuant to the Act may be used, 

but not to exceed a total of $70,000 in any fiscal year, 

for official reception and representation expenses. 

42 U.S.C. 16636 ....................................................................... Not repealed but omitted from text of title 51. Section 207 

of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16636) provides that 

the Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space 

Administration shall transmit to the Committee on 

Science and Technology of the House of Representatives 

and the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate a report providing the current expected development costs of the International Space Station and certain related matters. Thirty days after transmittal of the report, section 202 of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Act of 2000 (42 U.S.C. 

2451 note) is repealed. 

42 U.S.C. 16651 ....................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 30503 


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Disposition Table—Continued 

Former United States Code Section Disposition 

42 U.S.C. 16652 ....................................................................... Not repealed but omitted from text of title 51. Section 302 

of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16652) provides the 

sense of Congress with respect to the Hubble Space Telescope and certain related matters. Not later than 60 days 

after the landing of the second space shuttle mission for 

return-to-flight certification, a status report on plans for 

a Hubble Space Telescope servicing mission is to be 

transmitted by the Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration to the Committee on 

Science and Technology of the House of Representatives 

and the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate. 

42 U.S.C. 16653 ....................................................................... Not repealed but omitted from text of title 51. Section 303 

of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16653) provides that 

the Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space 

Administration shall seek an independent assessment of 

the costs as well as the technical, cost, and schedule 

risks associated with incorporating the Landsat instrument on the first National Polar-Orbiting Operational Environmental Satellite System spacecraft compared with 

undertaking various alternatives. Not later than 180 days 

after December 30, 2005, the independent assessment is 

to be transmitted to the Committee on Science and Technology of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the 

Senate. Under certain conditions alternative reports are 

required. 

42 U.S.C. 16654(a) (matter before par. (1)) ........................... 51 U.S.C. 30504(a) 

42 U.S.C. 16654(a)(1) .............................................................. Not repealed but omitted from text of title 51. Section 

304(a)(1) of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16654(a)(1)) 

provides that not later than 60 days after December 30, 

2005, the Administrator of the National Aeronautics and 

Space Administration shall carry out an assessment 

under section 304 of the Act for certain missions. 

42 U.S.C. 16654(a)(2) .............................................................. 51 U.S.C. 30504(b) 

42 U.S.C. 16654(b) ................................................................... Not repealed but omitted from text of title 51. Section 

304(b) of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16654(b)) provides that not later than 30 days after completing each 

assessment required by section 304(a)(1) of the Act (42 

U.S.C. 16654(a)(1)), the Administrator shall transmit a 

report on the assessment to the Committee on Science 

and Technology of the House of Representatives and the 

Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of 

the Senate. 

42 U.S.C. 16655(1) ................................................................... Not repealed but omitted from text of title 51. Section 

305(1) of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16655(1)) provides that the Administrator of the National Aeronautics 

and Space Administration shall transmit the report required by section 506 of the Act. Section 506(3) of the 

National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16766(3)) provides that the 

Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration shall, not later than 90 days after December 

30, 2005, submit to certain committees of Congress the 

research plan for utilization and proposed final configuration of the International Space Station. 

42 U.S.C. 16655(2), (3) ............................................................ 51 U.S.C. 40904 

42 U.S.C. 16656 ....................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 60505 


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Disposition Table—Continued 

Former United States Code Section Disposition 

42 U.S.C. 16657 ....................................................................... Not repealed but omitted from text of title 51. Section 307 

of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16657) provides that 

the Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space 

Administration shall review the policies, processes, and 

procedures in the planning and management of applications research and development implemented in calendar 

years 2001 to 2005 within the Headquarters Earth-Sun 

System Applied Sciences Program and former Earth 

Science Applications Program. Not later than 1 year after 

December 30, 2005, a report describing the results of the 

review is to be transmitted to the Committee on Science 

and Technology of the House of Representatives and the 

Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of 

the Senate. 

42 U.S.C. 16658 ....................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 20304 

42 U.S.C. 16671 ....................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 60301 

42 U.S.C. 16672 ....................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 60302 

42 U.S.C. 16673 ....................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 60303 

42 U.S.C. 16674 ....................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 60304 

42 U.S.C. 16675 ....................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 60305 

42 U.S.C. 16676 ....................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 60306 

42 U.S.C. 16691 ....................................................................... Not repealed but omitted from text of title 51. The George E. 

Brown, Jr. Near-Earth Object Survey Act, which consists of 

section 321 of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16691), 

provides that the Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration shall plan, develop, 

and implement a Near-Earth Object Survey program. Not 

later than 1 year after December 30, 2005, an initial report is to be transmitted to Congress. Not later than February 28 of the fifth year after December 30, 2005, an 

additional report is to be transmitted to Congress. 

42 U.S.C. 16701 ....................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 40101 

42 U.S.C. 16711 ....................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 40102 

42 U.S.C. 16712(a) ................................................................... Not repealed but omitted from text of title 51. Section 

2002(a) of the America COMPETES Act (42 U.S.C. 

16712(a)) provides a sense of Congress related to the 

aeronautics research and development programs of the 

National Aeronautics and Space Administration. 

42 U.S.C. 16712(b) ................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 40103 

42 U.S.C. 16721(a), (b) ............................................................ 51 U.S.C. 40111 

42 U.S.C. 16721(c), (d) ............................................................ Repealed as obsolete. Section 421(c) of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 

2005 (42 U.S.C. 16721(c)) required the Administrator of 

the National Aeronautics and Space Administration to 

enter into an arrangement with the National Research 

Council for an assessment of the Nation’s future requirements for fundamental aeronautics research. Section 

421(d) of the Act (42 U.S.C. 16721(d)) required the assessment, along with the National Aeronautics and Space 

Administration’s response to the assessment, to be transmitted to Congress no later than 2 years after December 

30, 2005. 

42 U.S.C. 16722(a) ................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 40701 

42 U.S.C. 16722(b) ................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 40112(a) 

42 U.S.C. 16722(c) ................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 40112(b) 

42 U.S.C. 16722(d) ................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 40112(c) 

42 U.S.C. 16722(e) ................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 40112(d) 

42 U.S.C. 16722(f) .................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 40112(e) 

42 U.S.C. 16722(g) ................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 40112(f) 

42 U.S.C. 16723 ....................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 40113 

42 U.S.C. 16724 ....................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 40114 

42 U.S.C. 16725 ....................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 40115 


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Disposition Table—Continued 

Former United States Code Section Disposition 

42 U.S.C. 16726 ....................................................................... Repealed as obsolete. Section 426 of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 

2005 (42 U.S.C. 16726) required the Administrator of the 

National Aeronautics and Space Administration to enter 

into an arrangement with the National Research Council 

for an assessment of Federal wake turbulence research 

and development programs. A report containing results of 

the assessment was required to be provided to Congress 

no later than 2 years after December 30, 2005. 

42 U.S.C. 16727 ....................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 40116 

42 U.S.C. 16741 ....................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 40131 

42 U.S.C. 16751 ....................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 40141 

42 U.S.C. 16761(a) ................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 70501(a) 

42 U.S.C. 16761(b) ................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 70501(b) 

42 U.S.C. 16761(c) ................................................................... Not repealed but omitted from text of title 51. Section 

501(c) of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16761(c)), as 

amended by section 611(a) of the National Aeronautics 

and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2008 (Public Law 110–422, 122 Stat. 4796), provides that the Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration shall, not later than 90 days after October 15, 

2008, submit to certain committees of Congress a report 

related to the lack of a United States human space flight 

system to replace the Space Shuttle upon its planned retirement. 

42 U.S.C. 16762 ....................................................................... Not repealed but omitted from text of title 51. Section 502 

of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16762) provides that 

the Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space 

Administration shall, to the fullest extent possible consistent with a successful development program, use the 

personnel, capabilities, assets, and infrastructure of the 

space shuttle program in developing the Crew Exploration 

Vehicle, Crew Launch Vehicle, and a heavy-lift launch vehicle. Not later than 180 days after December 30, 2005, 

a plan describing how the National Aeronautics and 

Space Administration will proceed with its human space 

flight programs is to be transmitted to the Committee on 

Science and Technology of the House of Representatives 

and the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate. Not later than March 31, 2006, a 

transition plan for certain Federal and contractor personnel engaged in the space shuttle program is to be 

transmitted to the Committee on Science and Technology 

of the House of Representatives and the Committee on 

Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate. 

42 U.S.C. 16763 ....................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 70502 

42 U.S.C. 16764 ....................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 70503 

42 U.S.C. 16765 ....................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 70904 

42 U.S.C. 16766(1), (2) ............................................................ 51 U.S.C. 70903 

42 U.S.C. 16766(3) ................................................................... Not repealed but omitted from text of title 51. Section 

506(3) of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16766(3)) provides that the Administrator of the National Aeronautics 

and Space Administration shall, not later than 90 days 

after December 30, 2005, submit to certain committees 

of Congress the research plan for utilization and proposed final configuration of the International Space Station. 

42 U.S.C. 16767(a) ................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 70905(b) 

42 U.S.C. 16767(b) ................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 70905(c) 


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Disposition Table—Continued 

Former United States Code Section Disposition 

42 U.S.C. 16767(c) ................................................................... Not repealed but omitted from text of title 51. Section 

507(c) of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16767(c)) provides that the Administrator of the National Aeronautics 

and Space Administration shall, not later than one year 

after December 30, 2005, transmit to certain committees 

of Congress a plan describing how the national laboratory 

(i.e., the United States segment of the International 

Space Station) will be operated. 

42 U.S.C. 16767(d) ................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 70905(a) 

42 U.S.C. 16781 ....................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 31501 

42 U.S.C. 16782 ....................................................................... Not repealed but omitted from text of title 51. Section 602 

of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16782) provides that 

the Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space 

Administration is encouraged to provide the capabilities 

to support secondary payload flight opportunities on 

United States launch vehicles, or free flyers, for satellites 

or scientific payloads weighing less than 500 kilograms. 

In addition, the Administrator of the National Aeronautics 

and Space Administration is required to initiate a feasibility study for designating a National Free Flyer Launch 

Coordination Center as a means of coordinating, consolidating, and integrating secondary launch capabilities, 

launch opportunities, and payloads. 

42 U.S.C. 16791 ....................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 40905 

42 U.S.C. 16792 ....................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 30902 

42 U.S.C. 16793 ....................................................................... Not repealed but omitted from text of title 51. Section 614 

of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16793) provides that 

the Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space 

Administration shall enter into an arrangement with the 

National Research Council of the National Academy of 

Sciences to conduct a review and evaluation of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration’s precollege 

science, technology, and mathematics education program. 

Not later than 18 months after December 30, 2005, the 

results of the review and evaluation are to be transmitted 

to the Committee on Science and Technology of the House 

of Representatives and the Committee on Commerce, 

Science, and Transportation of the Senate. 

42 U.S.C. 16794 ....................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 40906 

42 U.S.C. 16795 ....................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 40907 

42 U.S.C. 16796 ....................................................................... Not repealed but omitted from text of title 51. Section 617 

of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16796) provides that 

the Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space 

Administration shall transmit a report to Congress on the 

legal status of the Motivating Undergraduates in Science 

and Technology program and implement the program if 

the report concludes that the program is in compliance 

with the laws of the United States. 

42 U.S.C. 16797 ....................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 40908 

42 U.S.C. 16798(a) ................................................................... Not repealed but omitted from text of title 51. Section 

619(a) of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16798(a)) provides that not more than 180 days after December 30, 

2005, the Administrator of the National Aeronautics and 

Space Administration shall transmit to the Committee on 

Science and Technology of the House of Representatives 

and the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate a report describing action taken by 

the National Aeronautics and Space Administration to implement the recommendations contained in Government 

Accountability Office Report No. 04–639. 


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Disposition Table—Continued 

Former United States Code Section Disposition 

42 U.S.C. 16798(b) ................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 40909 

42 U.S.C. 16811 ....................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 50116 

42 U.S.C. 16821 ....................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 30306 

42 U.S.C. 16822 ....................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 31301 

42 U.S.C. 16823 ....................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 30704 

42 U.S.C. 16824 ....................................................................... Not repealed but omitted from text of title 51. Section 710 

of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16824) provides that 

not later than one year after December 30, 2005, the 

Comptroller General shall transmit to the Committee on 

Science and Technology of the House of Representatives 

and the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate a review of the National Aeronautics 

and Space Administration’s enhanced use leasing pilot 

program established by section 315 of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Act of 1958 (42 U.S.C. 

2459j). 

42 U.S.C. 16831 ....................................................................... Not repealed but omitted from text of title 51. Section 721 

of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16831) provides that 

the National Science Foundation shall continue to collect 

statistically reliable data on the field of degree of college-educated individuals to fulfill certain statutory obligations, but if the Director of the National Science Foundation determines that there is a legal impediment to the 

continued collection of this data, the Committee on 

Science and Technology of the House of Representatives 

and the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate are to be informed not later than 

180 days after December 30, 2005. 

42 U.S.C. 16832(a) ................................................................... Not repealed but omitted from text of title 51. Section 

722(a) of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16832(a)) provides that the Director of the National Science Foundation 

shall charge the Mathematical and Physical Sciences Advisory Committee with conducting a review of the astronomical facilities supported by the Foundation to determine the appropriate balance between supporting the operation of existing facilities and supporting the design, 

development, and eventual operation of new facilities. No 

later than June 30, 2006, the review is to be transmitted 

to the Committee on Science and Technology of the House 

of Representatives and the Committee on Commerce, 

Science, and Transportation of the Senate. 

42 U.S.C. 16832(b) ................................................................... Not repealed but omitted from text of title 51. Section 

722(b) of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16832(b)) provides that the Director of the National Science Foundation 

shall develop a plan to facilitate more thorough design 

and development of facilities that can be considered for 

funding through the Major Research Equipment and Facilities Construction account. No later than June 30, 

2006, the plan is to be transmitted to the Committee on 

Science and Technology of the House of Representatives 

and the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate. 

42 U.S.C. 16841 ....................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 70701 

42 U.S.C. 16842 ....................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 70702 

42 U.S.C. 16843 ....................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 70703 

42 U.S.C. 16844 ....................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 70704 

42 U.S.C. 16845 ....................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 70705 

42 U.S.C. 16846 ....................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 70706 

42 U.S.C. 16847 ....................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 70707 

42 U.S.C. 16848 ....................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 70708 

42 U.S.C. 16849 ....................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 70709 


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Disposition Table—Continued 

Former United States Code Section Disposition 

42 U.S.C. 16850 ....................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 70710 

42 U.S.C. 17701 ....................................................................... Not repealed but omitted from text of title 51. Section 2 of 

the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2008 (42 U.S.C. 17701) provides findings related to the programs and activities of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. 

42 U.S.C. 17702 ....................................................................... Not repealed but omitted from text of title 51. Section 3 of 

the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2008 (42 U.S.C. 17702) provides definitions applicable in the Act. 

42 U.S.C. 17711 ....................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 60501 

42 U.S.C. 17712(a) ................................................................... Not repealed but omitted from text of title 51. Section 

204(a) of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2008 (42 U.S.C. 17712(a)) provides a sense of Congress related to transitioning experimental sensors and missions into operational monitoring 

systems. 

42 U.S.C. 17712(b) ................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 60502(a) 

42 U.S.C. 17712(c) ................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 60502(b) 

42 U.S.C. 17712(d) ................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 60502(c) 

42 U.S.C. 17713(a) ................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 60503 

42 U.S.C. 17713(b) ................................................................... Not repealed but omitted from text of title 51. Section 

206(b) of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2008 (42 U.S.C. 17713(b)) provides that no later than 90 days after October 15, 2008, 

the Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space 

Administration shall transmit a new baseline report consistent with section 103(b)(2) of the National Aeronautics 

and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2005 (42 

U.S.C. 16613(b)(2)), which is restated as section 

30105(c)(2) of title 51. 

42 U.S.C. 17714 ....................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 60504 

42 U.S.C. 17721 ....................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 40702 

42 U.S.C. 17722 ....................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 40703 

42 U.S.C. 17723(a) ................................................................... Not repealed but omitted from text of title 51. Section 

304(a) of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2008 (42 U.S.C. 17723(a)) provides a finding and declaration related to the need for 

establishing a research program to assess the impact of 

commercial supersonic flight operations in order to set 

sonic boom standards. 

42 U.S.C. 17723(b) ................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 40704(a) 

42 U.S.C. 17723(c) ................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 40704(b) 

42 U.S.C. 17724 ....................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 40104 

42 U.S.C. 17731 ....................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 70504 

42 U.S.C. 17732(a) ................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 70505(a) 

42 U.S.C. 17732(b) ................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 70505(b) 

42 U.S.C. 17732(c) ................................................................... Not repealed but omitted from text of title 51. Section 

404(c) of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2008 (42 U.S.C. 17732(c)) provides a sense of Congress related to using commercial 

services to the maximum extent practicable in support of 

lunar outpost activities. 

42 U.S.C. 17733(a) ................................................................... Not repealed but omitted from text of title 51. Section 

405(a) of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2008 (42 U.S.C. 17733(a)) provides a statutory declaration that a robust program of 

long-term exploration-related technology research and development will be essential for the success and sustainability of any enduring initiative of human and robotic 

exploration of the solar system. 

42 U.S.C. 17733(b) ................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 70506 

42 U.S.C. 17734 ....................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 71301 

42 U.S.C. 17741 ....................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 70507 

42 U.S.C. 17742 ....................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 70508 


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Disposition Table—Continued 

Former United States Code Section Disposition 

42 U.S.C. 17751(a) ................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 70907 

42 U.S.C. 17751(b) ................................................................... Not repealed but omitted from text of title 51. Section 

601(b) of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2008 (42 U.S.C. 17751(b)) provides that the Administrator of the National Aeronautics 

and Space Administration shall, no later than 9 months 

after October 15, 2008, submit to certain committees of 

Congress a plan to support the operations and utilization 

of the International Space Station beyond fiscal year 

2015 for a period of at least 5 years. 

42 U.S.C. 17752 ....................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 70906 

42 U.S.C. 17753 ....................................................................... Not repealed but omitted from text of title 51. Section 603 

of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2008 (42 U.S.C. 17753) provides a declaration related to the importance of ensuring the continued viability and productivity of the International Space 

Station and provides that the Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration shall develop 

a contingency plan to ensure the continued viability and 

productivity of the International Space Station in the 

event that United States commercial cargo resupply services are not available during an extended period after the 

Space Shuttle is retired. The contingency plan must be 

delivered to certain committees of Congress no later than 

one year after October 15, 2008. 

42 U.S.C. 17761 ....................................................................... Not repealed but omitted from text of title 51. Section 613 

of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2008 (42 U.S.C. 17761) provides that 

the Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space 

Administration shall develop certain plans related to termination of the Space Shuttle program. One plan is required to be submitted to Congress not later than 90 

days after October 15, 2008. The other plan is required to 

be submitted to Congress not later than 180 days after 

October 15, 2008. The Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration is also required to establish a Space Shuttle Transition Liaison Office, which 

shall terminate 2 years after completion of the last Space 

Shuttle flight. 

42 U.S.C. 17771 ....................................................................... Not repealed but omitted from text of title 51. Section 621 

of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2008 (42 U.S.C. 17771) provides that 

the Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space 

Administration shall develop a strategy for providing domestic commercial launch services in support of small 

and medium-sized Science, Space Operations, and Exploration missions, and that the Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration shall, no 

later than 90 days after October 15, 2008, transmit to 

certain committees of Congress a report related to the 

strategy. 

42 U.S.C. 17781(a) ................................................................... Not repealed but omitted from text of title 51. Section 

704(a) of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2008 (42 U.S.C. 17781(a)) provides a sense of Congress related to the unique opportunity the International Space Station offers for Federal 

agencies to engage students in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics education, and the provision 

encourages the National Aeronautics and Space Administration to include other Federal agencies in its planning 

efforts to use the International Space Station National 

Laboratory. 

42 U.S.C. 17781(b) ................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 40903(d) 

42 U.S.C. 17781(c) ................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 40311 

42 U.S.C. 17791(a) ................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 71101 


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Disposition Table—Continued 

Former United States Code Section Disposition 

42 U.S.C. 17791(b) ................................................................... Not repealed but omitted from text of title 51. Section 

801(b) of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2008 (42 U.S.C. 17791(b)) provides a sense of Congress related to near-Earth object 

program activities providing benefits to the scientific and 

exploration activities of the National Aeronautics and 

Space Administration. 

42 U.S.C. 17792 ....................................................................... Not repealed but omitted from text of title 51. Section 802 

of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2008 (42 U.S.C. 17792) provides findings related the threat of collision of near-Earth objects 

with Earth. 

42 U.S.C. 17793 ....................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 71102 

42 U.S.C. 17794 ....................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 71103 

42 U.S.C. 17795 ....................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 71104 

42 U.S.C. 17801 ....................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 50111(b) 

42 U.S.C. 17811(a) ................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 31502 

42 U.S.C. 17811(b), (c) ............................................................ Not repealed but omitted from text of title 51. Section 

1002(b) of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2008 (42 U.S.C. 17811(b)) 

provides that the Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration shall determine and 

prioritize the maintenance and upgrade backlog at each 

of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration’s 

Centers and associated facilities, and shall develop a 

strategy and budget plan to reduce the backlog by 50 

percent over the next five years. Section 1002(c) of the 

Act (42 U.S.C. 17811(c)) requires a report to Congress on 

the results of activities undertaken to carry out subsection (b). The report is to be delivered concurrently with 

delivery of the fiscal year 2011 budget request. 

42 U.S.C. 17812(a) ................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 31503 

42 U.S.C. 17812(b) ................................................................... Not repealed but omitted from text of title 51. Section 

1003(b) of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2008 (42 U.S.C. 17812(b)) 

provides that the Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration shall enter into an arrangement for an independent external review of the Administration’s laboratories and that results of the review 

shall be provided to certain committees of Congress no 

later than 18 months after October 15, 2008. 

42 U.S.C. 17821(a) ................................................................... Not repealed but omitted from text of title 51. Section 

1102(a) of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2008 (42 U.S.C. 17821(a)) 

provides a finding related to the need for space traffic 

management. 

42 U.S.C. 17821(b) ................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 71302 

42 U.S.C. 17822 ....................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 31302 

42 U.S.C. 17823 ....................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 20305 

42 U.S.C. 17824 ....................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 30305 

42 U.S.C. 17825(a) ................................................................... Not repealed but omitted from text of title 51. Section 

1109(a) of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2008 (42 U.S.C. 17825(a)) 

provides a sense of Congress that the National Aeronautics and Space Administration should not dilute, distort, suppress, or impede scientific research or the dissemination of scientific research. 

42 U.S.C. 17825(b) ................................................................... Not repealed but omitted from text of title 51. Section 

1109(b) of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2008 (42 U.S.C. 17825(b)) 

provides that, within 60 days after October 15, 2008, the 

Comptroller General shall initiate a study to be completed 

within 270 days and shall transmit a report to Congress 

setting forth findings, conclusions, and recommendations. 

42 U.S.C. 17825(c) ................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 60506 


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Disposition Table—Continued 

Former United States Code Section Disposition 

42 U.S.C. 17826 ....................................................................... Not repealed but omitted from text of title 51. Section 1111 

of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2008 (42 U.S.C. 17826) provides that, 

within 12 months after October 15, 2008, the Director of 

Office of Science and Technology Policy, in conjunction 

with others, shall develop a plan and initiate an inventory of natural methane stocks and fluxes in the polar region of the United States. 

42 U.S.C. 17827 ....................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 30310 

42 U.S.C. 17828 ....................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 31504 

42 U.S.C. 17829 ....................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 31505 

49 U.S.C. 70101 ....................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 50901 

49 U.S.C. 70102 ....................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 50902 

49 U.S.C. 70103 ....................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 50903 

49 U.S.C. 70104 ....................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 50904 

49 U.S.C. 70105 ....................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 50905 

49 U.S.C. 70105a ..................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 50906 

49 U.S.C. 70106 ....................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 50907 

49 U.S.C. 70107 ....................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 50908 

49 U.S.C. 70108 ....................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 50909 

49 U.S.C. 70109 ....................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 50910 

49 U.S.C. 70109a ..................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 50911 

49 U.S.C. 70110 ....................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 50912 

49 U.S.C. 70111 ....................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 50913 

49 U.S.C. 70112 ....................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 50914 

49 U.S.C. 70113 ....................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 50915 

49 U.S.C. 70114 ....................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 50916 

49 U.S.C. 70115 ....................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 50917 

49 U.S.C. 70116 ....................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 50918 

49 U.S.C. 70117 ....................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 50919 

49 U.S.C. 70118 ....................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 50920 

49 U.S.C. 70119 ....................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 50921 

49 U.S.C. 70120 ....................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 50922 

49 U.S.C. 70121 ....................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 50923 

49 U.S.C. 70301 ....................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 51101 

49 U.S.C. 70302 ....................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 51102 

49 U.S.C. 70303 ....................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 51103 

49 U.S.C. 70304 ....................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 51104 

49 U.S.C. 70305 ....................................................................... 51 U.S.C. 51105 

Public Law 101–611, § 123 ..................................................... 51 U.S.C. 70901 (Section 123 of the National Aeronautics 

and Space Administration Authorization Act, Fiscal Year 

1991 (Public Law 101–611, 104 Stat. 3204), which was 

not previously classified to the United States Code, is restated as section 70901 of title 51.) 

SECTION-BY-SECTION ANALYSIS

SECTION 1—TABLE OF CONTENTS

Section 1 of the bill provides a table of contents for the Act. 

SECTION 2—PURPOSE; CONFORMITY WITH ORIGINAL INTENT

Section 2(a) of the bill provides that the purpose is to codify certain existing laws related to national and commercial space programs as a positive law title of the United States Code. 


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Section 2(b) of the bill provides a statement of intent with respect to the codification of existing law (see ‘‘Conformity With 

Original Intent’’ above). 

SECTION 3—ENACTMENT OF TITLE 51, UNITED STATES CODE

Section 3 of the bill enacts title 51, United States Code. For each 

section of title 51, the source provision citations, along with any revision notes, are set out below. 

TITLE 51—NATIONAL AND COMMERCIAL 

SPACE PROGRAMS 

Subtitle I—General 

Chap. Sec. 

101. Definitions ........................................................................................................ 10101 

Subtitle II—General Program and Policy Provisions 

201. National Aeronautics and Space Program ....................................................... 20101 

203. Responsibilities and Vision ............................................................................... 20301 

Subtitle III—Administrative Provisions 

301. Appropriations, Budgets, and Accounting ........................................................ 30101 

303. Contracting and Procurement .......................................................................... 30301 

305. Management and Review .................................................................................. 30501 

307. International Cooperation and Competition ..................................................... 30701 

309. Awards .............................................................................................................. 30901 

311. Safety ................................................................................................................ 31101 

313. Healthcare ........................................................................................................ 31301 

315. Miscellaneous .................................................................................................... 31501 

Subtitle IV—Aeronautics and Space Research and Education 

401. Aeronautics ....................................................................................................... 40101 

403. National Space Grant College and Fellowship Program .................................. 40301 

405. Biomedical Research in Space .......................................................................... 40501 

407. Environmentally Friendly Aircraft ................................................................... 40701 

409. Miscellaneous .................................................................................................... 40901 


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Subtitle V—Programs Targeting Commercial Opportunities 

501. Space Commerce ............................................................................................... 50101 

503. Commercial Reusable In-Space Transportation ............................................... 50301 

505. Commercial Space Competitiveness .................................................................. 50501 

507. Office of Space Commercialization ................................................................... 50701 

Subtitle VI—Earth Observations 

601. Land Remote Sensing Policy ............................................................................ 60101 

603. Remote Sensing ................................................................................................ 60301 

605. Earth Science ................................................................................................... 60501 

Subtitle VII—Access to Space 

701. Use of Space Shuttle or Alternatives ............................................................... 70101 

703. Shuttle Pricing Policy for Commercial and Foreign Users .............................. 70301 

705. Exploration Initiatives ...................................................................................... 70501 

707. Human Space Flight Independent Investigation Commission ......................... 70701 

709. International Space Station .............................................................................. 70901 

711. Near-Earth Objects .......................................................................................... 71101 

713. Cooperation for Safety Among Spacefaring Nations ....................................... 71301 

Subtitle I—General 

CHAPTER 101—DEFINITIONS 

Sec. 

10101. Definitions. 

SECTION 10101 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

10101 ................... (no source) 

Title-wide definitions for the terms ‘‘Administration’’ and ‘‘Administrator’’ are added for clarity and convenience. 

Subtitle II—General Program and Policy 

Provisions 

CHAPTER 201—NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE 

PROGRAM 

SUBCHAPTER I—SHORT TITLE, DECLARATION OF POLICY, AND 

DEFINITIONS 

Sec. 

20101. Short title. 

20102. Congressional declaration of policy and purpose. 

20103. Definitions. 


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SUBCHAPTER II—COORDINATION OF AERONAUTICAL AND SPACE 

ACTIVITIES 

20111. National Aeronautics and Space Administration. 

20112. Functions of the Administration. 

20113. Powers of the Administration in performance of functions. 

20114. Administration and Department of Defense coordination. 

20115. International cooperation. 

20116. Reports to Congress. 

20117. Disposal of excess land. 

SUBCHAPTER III—GENERAL ADMINISTRATIVE PROVISIONS 

20131. Public access to information. 

20132. Security requirements. 

20133. Permission to carry firearms. 

20134. Arrest authority. 

20135. Property rights in inventions. 

20136. Contributions awards. 

20137. Malpractice and negligence suits against United States. 

20138. Insurance and indemnification. 

20139. Insurance for experimental aerospace vehicles. 

20140. Appropriations. 

20141. Misuse of agency name and initials. 

20142. Contracts regarding expendable launch vehicles. 

20143. Full cost appropriations account structure. 

20144. Prize authority. 

20145. Lease of non-excess property. 

20146. Retrocession of jurisdiction. 

20147. Recovery and disposition authority. 

SUBCHAPTER IV—UPPER ATMOSPHERE RESEARCH 

20161. Congressional declaration of purpose and policy. 

20162. Definition of upper atmosphere. 

20163. Program authorized. 

20164. International cooperation. 

SUBCHAPTER I—SHORT TITLE, DECLARATION OF POLICY, 

AND DEFINITIONS 

SECTION 20101 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

20101 ................... (no source) 

Chapter 201 of title 51 restates the National Aeronautics and 

Space Act of 1958. Although short titles are generally eliminated 

as unnecessary in positive law titles of the United States Code, in 

this case it was suggested that the short title ‘‘National Aeronautics and Space Act’’ be provided for convenience. 


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SECTION 20102 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

20102 ................... 42 U.S.C. 2451. Pub. L. 85–568, title I, § 102, July 29, 1958, 72 

Stat. 426; Pub. L. 94–413, § 15(a), (b), Sept. 

17, 1976, 90 Stat. 1270; Pub. L. 95–238, title 

III, § 311, Feb. 25, 1978, 92 Stat. 83; Pub. L. 

95–401, § 7, Sept. 30, 1978, 92 Stat. 860; Pub. 

L. 98–361, title I, § 110, July 16, 1984, 98 

Stat. 426; Pub. L. 100–685, title II, § 214, 

Nov. 17, 1988, 102 Stat. 4093; Pub. L. 106– 

391, title III, § 302(a), Oct. 30, 2000, 114 Stat. 

1591; Pub. L. 109–155, title III, § 321(d)(2), 

Dec. 30, 2005, 119 Stat. 2923. 

In subsection (b), the words ‘‘in conformity with section 201(e)’’, 

which appeared at the end of the subsection, are omitted as obsolete. Section 201 of Public Law 85–568, which was classified to 

former section 2471 of title 42 (last appearing in the 1970 edition 

of the United States Code), established the National Aeronautics 

and Space Council, with the functions of the Council specified in 

section 201(e). Those functions included advising the President ‘‘as 

he may request’’ with respect to promoting cooperation and resolving differences among agencies of the United States engaged in 

aeronautical and space activities. The words are obsolete because 

section 3(a)(4) of Reorganization Plan No. 1 of 1973 (5 App. U.S.C.), 

abolished the National Aeronautics and Space Council, including 

the office of Executive Secretary of the Council, together with its 

functions. 

In subsection (c), the words ‘‘(as established by title II of this 

Act)’’, which appeared after ‘‘Administration’’, are omitted as unnecessary. 

In subsection (d), the word ‘‘and’’, appearing at the end of paragraph (8), is omitted as unnecessary because of the introductory 

words ‘‘one or more of the following’’. 

SECTION 20103 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

20103 ................... 42 U.S.C. 2452. Pub. L. 85–568, title I, § 103, July 29, 1958, 72 

Stat. 427; Pub. L. 98–52, title I, § 108, July 

15, 1983, 97 Stat. 285. 

In paragraph (1)(A), the word ‘‘Earth’s’’ is capitalized for consistency in title 51. 

SUBCHAPTER II—COORDINATION OF AERONAUTICAL AND 

SPACE ACTIVITIES 

SECTION 20111 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

20111 ................... 42 U.S.C. 2472. Pub. L. 85–568, title II, § 202, July 29, 1958, 72 

Stat. 429; Pub. L. 88–426, title III, § 305(12), 

Aug. 14, 1964, 78 Stat. 423. 


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SECTION 20112 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

20112 ................... 42 U.S.C. 2473(a), (b). Pub. L. 85–568, title II, § 203(a), (b), July 29, 

1958, 72 Stat. 429; Pub. L. 93–409, § 4, Sept. 

3, 1974, 88 Stat. 1070; Pub. L. 94–413, 

§ 15(c), Sept. 17, 1976, 90 Stat. 1270; Pub. L. 

95–401, § 6, Sept. 30, 1978, 92 Stat. 860; Pub. 

L. 101–611, title I, § 107, Nov. 16, 1990, 104 

Stat. 3197. 

SECTION 20113 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

20113 ................... 42 U.S.C. 2473(c). Pub. L. 85–568, title II, § 203(c), formerly 

§ 203(b), July 29, 1958, 72 Stat. 429; Pub. L. 

86–20, May 13, 1959, 73 Stat. 21; Pub. L. 86– 

481, § 5, June 1, 1960, 74 Stat. 153; Pub. L. 

87–367, title II, § 206(a), Oct. 4, 1961, 75 

Stat. 791; Pub. L. 87–584, § 6, Aug. 14, 1962, 

76 Stat. 384; Pub. L. 87–793, § 1001(f), Oct. 

11, 1962, 76 Stat. 864; Pub. L. 88–426, title 

III, § 306(d), Aug. 14, 1964, 78 Stat. 429; Pub. 

L. 88–448, title IV, § 402(a)(34), Aug. 10, 

1964, 78 Stat. 495; Pub. L. 91–646, title II, 

§ 220(a)(2), Jan. 2, 1971, 84 Stat. 1903; Pub. 

L. 93–74, § 6, July 23, 1973, 87 Stat. 174; 

Pub. L. 93–316, § 6, June 22, 1974, 88 Stat. 

243; renumbered § 203(c), Pub. L. 93–409, § 4, 

Sept. 3, 1974, 88 Stat. 1070; Pub. L. 96–48, 

§ 6(a), Aug. 8, 1979, 93 Stat. 348; Pub. L. 

108–201, § 2(a), Feb. 24, 2004, 118 Stat. 461. 

In subsection (b), in the matter before paragraph (1), the words 

‘‘chapter 51 and subchapter III of chapter 53 of title 5’’ are substituted for ‘‘the Classification Act of 1949, as amended’’ on authority of section 7(b) of Public Law 89–554 (80 Stat. 631), the first section of which enacted Title 5, Government Organization and Employees. 

In subsection (c)(2), the words ‘‘section 8141 of title 40’’ are substituted for ‘‘the Act of March 3, 1877 (40 U.S.C. 34)’’ on authority 

of section 5(c) of Public Law 107–217 (116 Stat. 1303), the first section of which enacted Title 40, Public Buildings, Property, and 

Works. 

In subsection (c)(4), the words ‘‘in accordance with the provisions 

of chapters 1 to 11 of title 40 and in accordance with title III of 

the Federal Property and Administrative Services Act of 1949 (41 

U.S.C. 251 et seq.)’’ are substituted for ‘‘in accordance with the provisions of the Federal Property and Administrative Services Act of 

1949, as amended (40 U.S.C. 471 et seq.)’’ on authority of section 

5(c) of Public Law 107–217 (116 Stat. 1303), the first section of 

which enacted Title 40, Public Buildings, Property, and Works. 

In subsection (e), the words ‘‘subsections (a) and (b) of section 

3324 of title 31’’ are substituted for ‘‘section 3648 of the Revised 

Statutes, as amended (31 U.S.C. 529)’’ on authority of section 4(b) 


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of Public Law 97–258 (96 Stat. 1067), the first section of which enacted Title 31, Money and Finance. 

In subsection (i), the words ‘‘maximum rate payable under section 5376 of title 5’’ are substituted for ‘‘rate for GS–18’’ because 

of section 101(c) of the Federal Employees Pay Comparability Act 

of 1990 (enacted by § 529 of Public Law 101–509, 5 U.S.C. 5376 

note). 

In subsection (k)(1), the words ‘‘section 1302 of title 40’’ are substituted for ‘‘section 321 of the Act of June 30, 1932 (47 Stat. 412; 

40 U.S.C. 303b)’’ on authority of section 5(c) of Public Law 107–217 

(116 Stat. 1303), the first section of which enacted Title 40, Public 

Buildings, Property, and Works. 

SECTION 20114 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

20114(a) ............... 42 U.S.C. 2474(b). Pub. L. 85–568, title II, § 204(b), (c), July 29, 

1958, 72 Stat. 431. 

20114(b) ............... 42 U.S.C. 2474(c). 

In subsection (a), the words ‘‘through the President’’ are substituted for ‘‘through the Liaison Committee’’ because the CivilianMilitary Liaison Committee, which was established by section 

204(a) of the National Aeronautics and Space Act of 1958 (42 

U.S.C. 2474(a)), was abolished and its functions, together with the 

functions of its chairman and other officers, were transferred to the 

President by sections 1(e) and 3(a) of Reorganization Plan No. 4 of 

1965 (5 App. U.S.C.). 

In subsection (b), the words ‘‘as provided in section 201 (e)’’, 

which appeared at the end of the subsection, are omitted as obsolete. Section 201 of Public Law 85–568, which was classified to 

former section 2471 of title 42 (last appearing in the 1970 edition 

of the United States Code), established the National Aeronautics 

and Space Council, with the functions of the Council specified in 

section 201(e). Those functions included advising the President ‘‘as 

he may request’’ with respect to promoting cooperation and resolving differences among agencies of the United States engaged in 

aeronautical and space activities. The words are obsolete because 

section 3(a)(4) of Reorganization Plan No. 1 of 1973 (5 App. U.S.C.), 

abolished the National Aeronautics and Space Council, including 

the office of Executive Secretary of the Council, together with its 

functions. 

SECTION 20115 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

20115 ................... 42 U.S.C. 2475. Pub. L. 85–568, title II, § 205, July 29, 1958, 72 

Stat. 432. 


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SECTION 20116 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

20116 ................... 42 U.S.C. 2476. Pub. L. 85–568, title II, § 206, July 29, 1958, 72 

Stat. 432; Pub. L. 92–68, § 7, Aug. 6, 1971, 85 

Stat. 177; Pub. L. 106–391, title III, § 302(b), 

Oct. 30, 2000, 114 Stat. 1591. 

In subsections (a)(2) and (b), the words ‘‘section 102(c) of this 

Act’’, which appear in section 206 of Public Law 85–568 (72 Stat. 

432), are treated as referring to section 102(d), rather than section 

102(c), of Public Law 85–568 because of the redesignation done by 

section 110(a)(2) of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act, 1985 (Public Law 98–361, 98 Stat. 426). 

Section 102(d) of Public Law 85–568 is restated as section 20102(d) 

of title 51. 

SECTION 20117 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

20117 ................... 42 U.S.C. 2476a. Pub. L. 85–568, title II, § 207, as added Pub. L. 

93–74, § 7, July 23, 1973, 87 Stat. 175; 

amended Pub. L. 103–437, § 15(j), Nov. 2, 

1994, 108 Stat. 4593. 

In paragraph (1), the words ‘‘Committee on Science and Technology’’ are substituted for ‘‘Committee on Science, Space, and 

Technology’’ on authority of section 1(a)(10) of Public Law 104–14 

(2 U.S.C. note prec. 21), Rule X(1)(n) of the Rules of the House of 

Representatives, adopted by House Resolution No. 5 (106th Congress, January 6, 1999), and Rule X(1)(o) of the Rules of the House 

of Representatives, adopted by House Resolution No. 6 (110th Congress, January 5, 2007). 

SUBCHAPTER III—GENERAL ADMINISTRATIVE PROVISIONS 

SECTION 20131 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

20131(a) ............... 42 U.S.C. 2454(a) (words 

before proviso). 

Pub. L. 85–568, title III, § 303, July 29, 1958, 

72 Stat. 433; Pub. L. 102–588, title V, § 509, 

Nov. 4, 1992, 106 Stat. 5129. 

20131(b) ............... 42 U.S.C. 2454(b). 

20131(c) ............... 42 U.S.C. 2454(a) (proviso). 

SECTION 20132 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

20132 ................... 42 U.S.C. 2455(a). Pub. L. 85–568, title III, § 304(a), July 29, 1958, 

72 Stat. 433; 1978 Reorg. Plan No. 2, § 102, 

eff. Jan. 1, 1979, 43 F.R. 36037, 92 Stat. 

3783. 


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The words ‘‘Director of the Office of Personnel Management’’ are 

substituted for ‘‘Civil Service Commission’’ because of section 102 

of Reorganization Plan No. 2 of 1978 (5 App U.S.C.). 

SECTION 20133 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

20133 ................... 42 U.S.C. 2456. Pub. L. 85–568, title III, § 304(e), July 29, 1958, 

72 Stat. 435. 

SECTION 20134 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

20134 ................... 42 U.S.C. 2456a. Pub. L. 85–568, title III, § 304(f), as added Pub. 

L. 100–685, title II, § 206, Nov. 17, 1988, 102 

Stat. 4090. 

SECTION 20135 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

20135 ................... 42 U.S.C. 2457. Pub. L. 85–568, title III, § 305, July 29, 1958, 

72 Stat. 435; Pub. L. 96–517, § 7(b), Dec. 12, 

1980, 94 Stat. 3027; Pub. L. 97–96, § 7, Dec. 

21, 1981, 95 Stat. 1210; Pub. L. 97–164, title 

I, § 162(3), Apr. 2, 1982, 96 Stat. 49; Pub. L. 

98–622, title II, § 205(c), Nov. 8, 1984, 98 

Stat. 3388; Pub. L. 106–113, div. B, 

§ 1000(a)(9) [title IV, § 4732(b)(20)], Nov. 29, 

1999, 113 Stat. 1536, 1501A–585. 

SECTION 20136 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

20136(a) ............... 42 U.S.C. 2458(a). Pub. L. 85–568, title III, § 306, July 29, 1958, 

72 Stat. 437. 

20136(b) ............... 42 U.S.C. 2458(b) (1st 

sentence). 

20136(c) ............... 42 U.S.C. 2458(b) (par. 

(1) of last sentence). 

20136(d) ............... 42 U.S.C. 2458(b) (par. 

(2) of last sentence). 

In subsections (c) and (d), the words ‘‘No award may be made 

under subsection (a)’’ are substituted for ‘‘No award may be made 

under subsection (a) with respect to any contribution’’ for clarity 

and to eliminate unnecessary words. 

SECTION 20137 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

20137 ................... 42 U.S.C. 2458a. Pub. L. 85–568, title III, § 307, as added Pub. L. 

94–464, § 3, Oct. 8, 1976, 90 Stat. 1988. 


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In subsection (a), the word ‘‘hereafter’’ is omitted as unnecessary. 

In subsection (b), in the last sentence, commas are added after 

‘‘brought’’ and ‘‘Attorney General’’ for clarity. 

In subsection (e), the words ‘‘wrongful act or omission’’ are substituted for ‘‘wrongful act of omission’’ to correct an error in the 

law. 

SECTION 20138 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

20138 ................... 42 U.S.C. 2458b. Pub. L. 85–568, title III, § 308, as added Pub. L. 

96–48, § 6(b)(2), Aug. 8, 1979, 93 Stat. 348. 

SECTION 20139 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

20139 ................... 42 U.S.C. 2458c. Pub. L. 85–568, title III, § 309, formerly title 

III, as added Pub. L. 106–74, title IV, 

§ 435(a), Oct. 20, 1999, 113 Stat. 1097; designated § 309 and amended Pub. L. 106–391, 

title III, § 324(a)(2), (b), Oct. 30, 2000, 114 

Stat. 1599, 1600; Pub. L. 109–155, title VII, 

§ 702, Dec. 30, 2005, 119 Stat. 2936. 

In subsection (d)(3), the words ‘‘without regard to the date on 

which the Administration entered into the waiver’’ are substituted 

for ‘‘without regard to whether it was entered into before, on, or 

after the date of enactment of this Act’’ to avoid an ambiguity in 

the law. Literally, the words ‘‘the date of enactment of this Act’’ 

mean July 29, 1958, the date of enactment of Public Law 85–568. 

However, the intended meaning of the words ‘‘the date of enactment of this Act’’ is probably October 20, 1999, the date of enactment of Public Law 106–74. The question as to which date is actually intended is rendered inconsequential by the words ‘‘before, on, 

or after’’. 

SECTION 20140 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

20140 ................... 42 U.S.C. 2459. Pub. L. 85–568, title III, § 310, formerly § 307, 

July 29, 1958, 72 Stat. 438; Pub. L. 88–113, 

§ 6, Sept. 6, 1963, 77 Stat. 144; renumbered 

§ 308, Pub. L. 94–464, § 3, Oct. 8, 1976, 90 

Stat. 1988; renumbered § 309, Pub. L. 96–48, 

§ 6(b)(1), Aug. 8, 1979, 93 Stat. 348; renumbered § 310, Pub. L. 106–391, title III, 

§ 324(a)(1), Oct. 30, 2000, 114 Stat. 1599. 


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SECTION 20141 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

20141 ................... 42 U.S.C. 2459b. Pub. L. 85–568, title III, § 311, formerly § 310, 

as added Pub. L. 98–52, title I, § 107, July 15, 

1983, 97 Stat. 284; renumbered § 311, Pub. L. 

106–391, title III, § 324(a)(1), Oct. 30, 2000, 

114 Stat. 1599. 

SECTION 20142 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

20142 ................... 42 U.S.C. 2459c. Pub. L. 85–568, title III, § 312, formerly § 311, 

as added Pub. L. 100–147, title I, § 117, Oct. 

30, 1987, 101 Stat. 867; renumbered § 312, 

Pub. L. 106–391, title III, § 324(a)(1), Oct. 30, 

2000, 114 Stat. 1599. 

In subsection (a), the word ‘‘expendable’’ is substituted for 

‘‘expendabe’’ to correct an error in the law. 

SECTION 20143 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

20143 ................... 42 U.S.C. 2459f. Pub. L. 85–568, title III, § 313, formerly § 312, 

as added Pub. L. 106–377, § 1(a)(1) [title IV, 

§ 431], Oct. 27, 2000, 114 Stat. 1441, 1441A– 

56; renumbered § 313 and amended, Pub. L. 

108–199, div. G, title IV, § 417, Jan. 23, 2004, 

118 Stat. 415; Pub. L. 108–447, div. I, title 

IV, § 417, Dec. 8, 2004, 118 Stat. 3339; Pub. 

L. 109–155, title II, § 201, Dec. 30, 2005, 119 

Stat. 2915. 

In subsection (a)(1), the words ‘‘for fiscal year 2007 and thereafter’’ are omitted as unnecessary. 

SECTION 20144 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

20144 ................... 42 U.S.C. 2459f–1. Pub. L. 85–568, title III, § 314, as added Pub. L. 

109–155, title I, § 104, Dec. 30, 2005, 119 

Stat. 2910; Pub. L. 110–422, title XI, 

§ 1105(b), Oct. 15, 2008, 122 Stat. 4809. 

In subsection (i)(2), subparagraph (A) is added, and the words 

‘‘provisions known as the Anti-Deficiency Act’’ are substituted for 

‘‘the Anti-Deficiency Act (31 U.S.C. 1341)’’, for clarity. 

In subsection (i)(4), the words ‘‘Committee on Science and Technology’’ are substituted for ‘‘Committee on Science’’ on authority of 

Rule X(1)(o) of the Rules of the House of Representatives, adopted 

by House Resolution No. 6 (110th Congress, January 5, 2007). 


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SECTION 20145 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

20145 ................... 42 U.S.C. 2459j. Pub. L. 85–568, title III, § 315, as added Pub. L. 

108–7, div. K, title IV, § 418, Feb. 20, 2003, 

117 Stat. 525; Pub. L. 110–161, div. B, title 

V, § 533(a)–(e), Dec. 26, 2007, 121 Stat. 1931; 

Pub. L. 110–422, title XI, § 1117(c), (d), Oct. 

15, 2008, 122 Stat. 4814. 

In subsection (f)(2), the word ‘‘Administration’s’’ is substituted for 

‘‘Agency’s’’ for clarity. 

In subsection (g), the words ‘‘10 years after December 26, 2007’’ 

are substituted for ‘‘on the date that is ten years after the date of 

the enactment of the Commerce, Justice, Science, and Related 

Agencies Appropriations Act of 2008’’ for consistency and to reflect 

the date of enactment of the Commerce, Justice, Science, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2008 (Public Law 110–161, div. 

B, 121 Stat. 1884). 

SECTION 20146 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

20146 ................... 42 U.S.C. 2459k. Pub. L. 85–568, title III, § 316, as added Pub. L. 

109–155, title VII, § 701, Dec. 30, 2005, 119 

Stat. 2935. 

SECTION 20147 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

20147 ................... 42 U.S.C. 2459l. Pub. L. 85–568, title III, § 317, as added Pub. L. 

109–155, title VII, § 705, Dec. 30, 2005, 119 

Stat. 2936. 

SUBCHAPTER IV—UPPER ATMOSPHERE RESEARCH 

SECTION 20161 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

20161 ................... 42 U.S.C. 2481. Pub. L. 85–568, title IV, § 401, as added Pub. L. 

94–39, § 8, June 19, 1975, 89 Stat. 222. 

SECTION 20162 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

20162 ................... 42 U.S.C. 2482. Pub. L. 85–568, title IV, § 402, as added Pub. L. 

94–39, § 8, June 19, 1975, 89 Stat. 222. 


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SECTION 20163 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

20163 ................... 42 U.S.C. 2483. Pub. L. 85–568, title IV, § 403, as added Pub. L. 

94–39, § 8, June 19, 1975, 89 Stat. 222. 

SECTION 20164 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

20164 ................... 42 U.S.C. 2484. Pub. L. 85–568, title IV, § 404, as added Pub. L. 

94–39, § 8, June 19, 1975, 89 Stat. 223. 

CHAPTER 203—RESPONSIBILITIES AND VISION 

Sec. 

20301. General responsibilities. 

20302. Vision for space exploration. 

20303. Contribution to innovation. 

20304. Basic research enhancement. 

20305. National Academies decadal surveys. 

SECTION 20301 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

20301 ................... 42 U.S.C. 16611(a). Pub. L. 109–155, title I, § 101(a), Dec. 30, 2005, 

119 Stat. 2897. 

SECTION 20302 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

20302 ................... 42 U.S.C. 16611(b). Pub. L. 109–155, title I, § 101(b), Dec. 30, 2005, 

119 Stat. 2898. 

SECTION 20303 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

20303(a) ............... 42 U.S.C. 16611a(a). Pub. L. 110–69, title II, § 2001(a), (b), (c), (e), 

Aug. 9, 2007, 121 Stat. 582. 

20303(b) ............... 42 U.S.C. 16611a(b). 

20303(c) ............... 42 U.S.C. 16611a(c). 

20303(d) ............... 42 U.S.C. 16611a(e). 

SECTION 20304 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

20304 ................... 42 U.S.C. 16658. Pub. L. 110–69, title II, § 2003, Aug. 9, 2007, 

121 Stat. 583. 


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SECTION 20305 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

20305 ................... 42 U.S.C. 17823. Pub. L. 110–422, title XI, § 1104, Oct. 15, 2008, 

122 Stat. 4809. 

Subtitle III—Administrative Provisions 

CHAPTER 301—APPROPRIATIONS, BUDGETS, AND 

ACCOUNTING 

Sec. 

30101. Prior authorization of appropriations required. 

30102. Working capital fund. 

30103. Budgets. 

30104. Baselines and cost controls. 

SECTION 30101 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

30101 ................... 42 U.S.C. 2460. Pub. L. 86–45, § 4, June 15, 1959, 73 Stat. 75. 

The word ‘‘hereafter’’ is omitted as unnecessary. 

SECTION 30102 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

30102 ................... 42 U.S.C. 2459i. Pub. L. 108–7, div. K, title III, (last par. under 

heading ‘‘Administrative Provisions’’, at 117 

Stat. 520), Feb. 20, 2003, 117 Stat. 520. 

SECTION 30103 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

30103(a) ............... 42 U.S.C. 16611(h)(1). Pub. L. 109–155, title I, § 101(h)(1), (i), Dec. 30, 

2005, 119 Stat. 2903. 

30103(b) ............... 42 U.S.C. 16611(i). 

30103(c) ............... 42 U.S.C. 16611b. Pub. L. 110–161, div. B, title III, (7th par. 

under heading ‘‘Administrative Provisions’’, 

at 121 Stat. 1919), Dec. 26, 2007, 121 Stat. 

1919. 

30103(d) ............... 42 U.S.C. 16611b note. Pub. L. 111–8, div. B, title III, (3d proviso in 

par. under heading ‘‘Cross Agency Support’’, 

at 123 Stat. 589), Mar. 11, 2009, 123 Stat. 

589. 

In subsection (a)(5), the source law’s reference to ‘‘section 104’’ of 

the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization 

Act of 2005 (Public Law 109–155, 119 Stat. 2910) is translated as 

‘‘section 20144’’ of title 51. Section 104 of the National Aeronautics 

and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2005 amended the 

National Aeronautics and Space Act of 1958 (Public Law 85–568, 


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72 Stat. 426) by inserting a new section 314, which is restated as 

section 20144 of title 51. 

In subsection (b), in the matter before paragraph (1), the words 

‘‘Committee on Science and Technology’’ are substituted for ‘‘Committee on Science’’ on authority of Rule X(1)(o) of the Rules of the 

House of Representatives, adopted by House Resolution No. 6 

(110th Congress, January 5, 2007). 

In subsection (c), in the matter before paragraph (1), the words 

‘‘For fiscal year 2009 and hereafter’’ are omitted as unnecessary. 

SECTION 30104 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

30104 ................... 42 U.S.C. 16613. Pub. L. 109–155, title I, § 103, Dec. 30, 2005, 

119 Stat. 2907. 

In subsections (b)(2), (c)(1), (d)(3), and (e)(1)(A), (2), the words 

‘‘Committee on Science and Technology’’ are substituted for ‘‘Committee on Science’’ on authority of Rule X(1)(o) of the Rules of the 

House of Representatives, adopted by House Resolution No. 6 

(110th Congress, January 5, 2007). 

CHAPTER 303—CONTRACTING AND PROCUREMENT 

Sec. 

30301. Guaranteed customer base. 

30302. Quality assurance personnel. 

30303. Tracking and data relay satellite services. 

30304. Award of contracts to small businesses and disadvantaged individuals. 

30305. Outreach program. 

30306. Small business contracting. 

30307. Requirement for independent cost analysis. 

30308. Cost effectiveness calculations. 

30309. Use of abandoned and underutilized buildings, grounds, and facilities. 

30310. Exception to alternative fuel procurement requirement. 

SECTION 30301 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

30301 ................... 42 U.S.C. 2459d. Pub. L. 102–139, title III, (1st par. under heading ‘‘Administrative Provisions’’, at 105 Stat. 

771), Oct. 28, 1991, 105 Stat. 771. 

The words ‘‘in this or any other Act with respect to any fiscal 

year’’ are omitted as unnecessary. 

SECTION 30302 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

30302 ................... 42 U.S.C. 2459e. Pub. L. 102–195, § 19, Dec. 9, 1991, 105 Stat. 

1615. 

In subsection (a), the date ‘‘December 9, 1991’’ is substituted for 

‘‘the date of enactment of this Act’’ to reflect the date of enactment 


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38 

of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act, Fiscal Year 1992 (Public Law 102–195, 105 Stat. 1605). 

In subsection (a), the words ‘‘that has been submitted to Congress as provided’’ are substituted for ‘‘described’’ for clarity. 

SECTION 30303 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

30303(a) ............... 42 U.S.C. 2463 (1st par.). Pub. L. 95–76, § 6, July 30, 1977, 91 Stat. 315; 

Pub. L. 103–437, § 15(c)(3), Nov. 2, 1994, 108 

Stat. 4592. 

30303(b) ............... 42 U.S.C. 2463 (last 

par.). 

In subsection (b), the words ‘‘Committee on Science and Technology’’ are substituted for ‘‘Committee on Science, Space, and 

Technology’’ on authority of section 1(a)(10) of Public Law 104–14 

(2 U.S.C. note prec. 21), Rule X(1)(n) of the Rules of the House of 

Representatives, adopted by House Resolution No. 5 (106th Congress, January 6, 1999), and Rule X(1)(o) of the Rules of the House 

of Representatives, adopted by House Resolution No. 6 (110th Congress, January 5, 2007). 

In subsection (b), the word ‘‘hereafter’’ is omitted as unnecessary. 

SECTION 30304 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

30304 ................... 42 U.S.C. 2473b (1st 

par.). 

Pub. L. 101–144, title III, (1st par. under heading ‘‘Small and Disadvantaged Business’’, at 

103 Stat. 863), Nov. 9, 1989, 103 Stat. 863; 

Pub. L. 109–155, title VI, § 611, Dec. 30, 

2005, 119 Stat. 2932. 

The word ‘‘Alaska’’ is substituted for ‘‘Alaskan’’ in the phrase 

‘‘Alaska Native-serving institutions (as defined in section 317(b)(2) 

of that Act (20 U.S.C. 1059d(b)(2)))’’ for consistency with the term 

defined in section 317(b)(2) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 

U.S.C. 1059d(b)(2)). 

SECTION 30305 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

30305 ................... 42 U.S.C. 17824. Pub. L. 110–422, title XI, § 1107, Oct. 15, 2008, 

122 Stat. 4810. 

In subsection (c), in the matter before paragraph (1), the date 

‘‘October 15, 2008’’ is substituted for ‘‘the date of enactment of this 

Act’’ to reflect the date of enactment of the National Aeronautics 

and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2008. 


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SECTION 30306 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

30306 ................... 42 U.S.C. 16821. Pub. L. 109–155, title VII, § 707, Dec. 30, 2005, 

119 Stat. 2937. 

SECTION 30307 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

30307 ................... 42 U.S.C. 2459g. Pub. L. 106–391, title III, § 301, Oct. 30, 2000, 

114 Stat. 1591; Pub. L. 109–155, title VII, 

§ 704, Dec. 30, 2005, 119 Stat. 2936. 

In subsection (b), in the first sentence, the words ‘‘the Administrator shall conduct’’ are substituted for ‘‘the Administrator for the 

National Aeronautics and Space Administration shall conduct’’ to 

eliminate unnecessary words. 

In subsection (b), in the last sentence, the word ‘‘experts’’ is substituted for ‘‘expertise’’ for clarity. 

SECTION 30308 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

30308(a) ............... (no source) 

30308(b) ............... 42 U.S.C. 2459h. Pub. L. 106–391, title III, § 304, Oct. 30, 2000, 

114 Stat. 1592. 

In subsection (a), definitions of ‘‘commercial provider’’ and ‘‘State’’ 

are added to carry forward the appropriate definitions from section 

3 of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2000 (Public Law 106–391, 114 Stat. 1579, 1580). 

SECTION 30309 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

30309 ................... 42 U.S.C. 2473d. Pub. L. 106–391, title III, § 325, Oct. 30, 2000, 

114 Stat. 1600. 

SECTION 30310 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

30310 ................... 42 U.S.C. 17827. Pub. L. 110–422, title XI, § 1112, Oct. 15, 2008, 

122 Stat. 4811. 

CHAPTER 305—MANAGEMENT AND REVIEW 

Sec. 

30501. Lessons learned and best practices. 

30502. Whistleblower protection. 


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30503. Performance assessments. 

30504. Assessment of science mission extensions. 

SECTION 30501 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

30501 ................... 42 U.S.C. 16615. Pub. L. 109–155, title I, § 107, Dec. 30, 2005, 

119 Stat. 2912. 

In subsection (a), the words ‘‘Committee on Science and Technology’’ are substituted for ‘‘Committee on Science’’ on authority of 

Rule X(1)(o) of the Rules of the House of Representatives, adopted 

by House Resolution No. 6 (110th Congress, January 5, 2007). 

In subsection (a), the date ‘‘December 30, 2005’’ is substituted for 

‘‘the date of enactment of this Act’’ to reflect the date of enactment 

of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2005 (Public Law 109–155, 119 Stat. 2895). 

SECTION 30502 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

30502 ................... 42 U.S.C. 16618. Pub. L. 109–155, title I, § 110, Dec. 30, 2005, 

119 Stat. 2914. 

In subsection (a), the date ‘‘December 30, 2005’’ is substituted for 

‘‘the date of enactment of this Act’’ to reflect the date of enactment 

of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2005 (Public Law 109–155, 119 Stat. 2895). 

In subsections (a) and (d), the words ‘‘Committee on Science and 

Technology’’ are substituted for ‘‘Committee on Science’’ on authority of Rule X(1)(o) of the Rules of the House of Representatives, 

adopted by House Resolution No. 6 (110th Congress, January 5, 

2007). 

In subsection (d), the words ‘‘Not later than February 15 of each 

year beginning February 15, 2007’’ are substituted for ‘‘Not later 

than February 15 of each year beginning with the year after the 

date of enactment of this Act’’ for clarity. 

SECTION 30503 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

30503 ................... 42 U.S.C. 16651. Pub. L. 109–155, title III, § 301, Dec. 30, 2005, 

119 Stat. 2916. 

In subsections (b) and (c), the date ‘‘December 30, 2005’’ is substituted for ‘‘the date of enactment of this Act’’ to reflect the date 

of enactment of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2005 (Public Law 109–155, 119 Stat. 

2895). 

In subsection (c), the words ‘‘Committee on Science and Technology’’ are substituted for ‘‘Committee on Science’’ on authority of 

Rule X(1)(o) of the Rules of the House of Representatives, adopted 

by House Resolution No. 6 (110th Congress, January 5, 2007). 


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SECTION 30504 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

30504(a) ............... 42 U.S.C. 16654(a) (matter before par. (1)). 

Pub. L. 109–155, title III, § 304(a) (matter before par. (1)), (2), Dec. 30, 2005, 119 Stat. 

2918. 

30504(b) ............... 42 U.S.C. 16654(a)(2). 

In subsection (a), the words ‘‘In addition—’’ are omitted as unnecessary. 

CHAPTER 307—INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION AND 

COMPETITION 

Sec. 

30701. Competitiveness and international cooperation. 

30702. Foreign contract limitation. 

30703. Foreign launch vehicles. 

30704. Offshore performance of contracts for the procurement of goods and services. 

SECTION 30701 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

30701(a) ............... 42 U.S.C. 2475a(a). Pub. L. 106–391, title I, § 126, Oct. 30, 2000, 

114 Stat. 1585. 

30701(b)(1) ........... (no source) 

30701(b)(2) ........... 42 U.S.C. 2475a(b). 

30701(b)(3) ........... (no source) 

In subsection (b)(1), the definition of ‘‘United States commercial 

provider’’ is added to carry forward the appropriate definition from 

section 3 of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration 

Authorization Act of 2000 (Public Law 106–391, 114 Stat. 1580). 

In subsection (b)(3), the description of national interests of the 

United States is added to carry forward the appropriate description 

of national interests of the United States from section 2(6) of the 

National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act 

of 2000 (Public Law 106–391, 114 Stat. 1578). 

SECTION 30702 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

30702 ................... 42 U.S.C. 2475b. Pub. L. 106–391, title III, § 305, Oct. 30, 2000, 

114 Stat. 1592. 

SECTION 30703 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

30703 ................... 42 U.S.C. 16614. Pub. L. 109–155, title I, § 105, Dec. 30, 2005, 

119 Stat. 2912. 

In subsection (c), the date ‘‘December 30, 2005’’ is substituted for 

‘‘the date of enactment of this Act’’ to reflect the date of enactment 


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of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2005 (Public Law 109–155, 119 Stat. 2895). 

SECTION 30704 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

30704 ................... 42 U.S.C. 16823. Pub. L. 109–155, title VII, § 709, Dec. 30, 2005, 

119 Stat. 2938. 

In the matter before paragraph (1), the words ‘‘beginning with 

the first fiscal year after the date of enactment of this Act [December 30, 2005]’’ are omitted as obsolete. 

CHAPTER 309—AWARDS 

Sec. 

30901. Congressional Space Medal of Honor. 

30902. Charles ‘‘Pete’’ Conrad Astronomy Awards. 

SECTION 30901 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

30901(a) ............... 42 U.S.C. 2461 (1st par.). Pub. L. 91–76, § 1, Sept. 29, 1969, 83 Stat. 124. 

30901(b) ............... 42 U.S.C. 2461 (last 

par.). 

Pub. L. 91–76, § 2, Sept. 29, 1969, 83 Stat. 124. 

SECTION 30902 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

30902 ................... 42 U.S.C. 16792. Pub. L. 109–155, title VI, § 613, Dec. 30, 2005, 

119 Stat. 2932. 

CHAPTER 311—SAFETY 

Sec. 

31101. Aerospace Safety Advisory Panel. 

31102. Drug and alcohol testing. 

SECTION 31101 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

31101(a) ............... 42 U.S.C. 2477(a) (1st, 

last sentences). 

Pub. L. 90–67, § 6, Aug. 21, 1967, 81 Stat. 170; 

Pub. L. 94–307, § 8, June 4, 1976, 90 Stat. 

681; Pub. L. 99–234, title I, § 107(f), Jan. 2, 

1986, 99 Stat. 1759; Pub. L. 109–155, title I, 

§ 106, Dec. 30, 2005, 119 Stat. 2912. 

31101(b) ............... 42 U.S.C. 2477(a) (3d 

sentence). 

31101(c) ............... 42 U.S.C. 2477(a) (2d 

sentence). 

31101(d) ............... 42 U.S.C. 2477(a) (4th, 

5th sentences). 


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SECTION 31101—CONTINUED

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

31101(e) ............... 42 U.S.C. 2477(b). 

In subsection (d)(1)(B), the words ‘‘maximum rate payable under 

section 5376 of title 5’’ are substituted for ‘‘rate for GS–18’’ because 

of section 101(c) of the Federal Employees Pay Comparability Act 

of 1990 (Public Law 101–509, 5 U.S.C. 5376 note). 

In subsection (e), the date ‘‘December 30, 2005’’ is substituted for 

‘‘the date of enactment of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2005’’ to reflect the date of enactment of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2005 (Public Law 109–155, 119 Stat. 2895). 

SECTION 31102 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

31102(a) ............... 42 U.S.C. 2473c(h). Pub. L. 102–195, § 21(c)–(h), Dec. 9, 1991, 105 

Stat. 1616. 

31102(b) ............... 42 U.S.C. 2473c(c). 

31102(c) ............... 42 U.S.C. 2473c(d). 

31102(d) ............... 42 U.S.C. 2473c(e). 

31102(e) ............... 42 U.S.C. 2473c(f). 

31102(f) ................ 42 U.S.C. 2473c(g). 

In subsection (b)(2), the words ‘‘within 18 months after the date 

of enactment of this Act’’ are omitted as obsolete. 

In paragraphs (1) and (2) of subsection (c), and in subsection 

(f)(2), the date ‘‘December 9, 1991’’ is substituted for ‘‘the date of 

enactment of this Act’’ to reflect the date of enactment of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act, 

Fiscal Year 1992 (Public Law 102–195, 105 Stat. 1605). 

CHAPTER 313—HEALTHCARE 

Sec. 

31301. Healthcare program. 

31302. Astronaut healthcare survey. 

SECTION 31301 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

31301 ................... 42 U.S.C. 16822. Pub. L. 109–155, title VII, § 708, Dec. 30, 2005, 

119 Stat. 2938. 

SECTION 31302 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

31302 ................... 42 U.S.C. 17822. Pub. L. 110–422, title XI, § 1103, Oct. 15, 2008, 

122 Stat. 4808. 


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CHAPTER 315—MISCELLANEOUS 

Sec. 

31501. Orbital debris. 

31502. Maintenance of facilities. 

31503. Laboratory productivity. 

31504. Cooperative unmanned aerial vehicle activities. 

31505. Development of enhanced-use lease policy. 

SECTION 31501 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

31501 ................... 42 U.S.C. 16781. Pub. L. 109–155, title VI, § 601, Dec. 30, 2005, 

119 Stat. 2931. 

SECTION 31502 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

31502 ................... 42 U.S.C. 17811(a). Pub. L. 110–422, title X, § 1002(a), Oct. 15, 

2008, 122 Stat. 4806. 

SECTION 31503 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

31503 ................... 42 U.S.C. 17812(a). Pub. L. 110–422, title X, § 1003(a), Oct. 15, 

2008, 122 Stat. 4807. 

SECTION 31504 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

31504 ................... 42 U.S.C. 17828. Pub. L. 110–422, title XI, § 1116, Oct. 15, 2008, 

122 Stat. 4813. 

SECTION 31505 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

31505 ................... 42 U.S.C. 17829. Pub. L. 110–422, title XI, § 1117, Oct. 15, 2008, 

122 Stat. 4813. 

Subtitle IV—Aeronautics and Space Research and 

Education 

CHAPTER 401—AERONAUTICS 

SUBCHAPTER I—GENERAL 

Sec. 

40101. Definition of institution of higher education. 


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40102. Governmental interest in aeronautics research and development. 

40103. Cooperation with other agencies on aeronautics activities. 

40104. Cooperation among Mission Directorates. 

SUBCHAPTER II—HIGH PRIORITY AERONAUTICS RESEARCH AND 

DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMS 

40111. Fundamental research program. 

40112. Research and technology programs. 

40113. Airspace systems research. 

40114. Aviation safety and security research. 

40115. Aviation weather research. 

40116. University-based Centers for Research on Aviation Training. 

SUBCHAPTER III—SCHOLARSHIPS 

40131. Aeronautics scholarships. 

SUBCHAPTER IV—DATA REQUESTS 

40141. Aviation data requests. 

SUBCHAPTER I—GENERAL 

SECTION 40101 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

40101 ................... 42 U.S.C. 16701. Pub. L. 109–155, title IV, § 401, Dec. 30, 2005, 

119 Stat. 2923. 

SECTION 40102 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

40102 ................... 42 U.S.C. 16711. Pub. L. 109–155, title IV, § 411, Dec. 30, 2005, 

119 Stat. 2923. 

SECTION 40103 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

40103 ................... 42 U.S.C. 16712(b). Pub. L. 110–69, title II, § 2002(b), Aug. 9, 2007, 

121 Stat. 583. 

The words ‘‘Next Generation Air Transportation System’’ are inserted before ‘‘Joint Planning and Development Office’’ for consistency with section 709 of the Vision 100—Century of Aviation Reauthorization Act (Public Law 108–176, 49 U.S.C. 40101 note). 

SECTION 40104 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

40104 ................... 42 U.S.C. 17724. Pub. L. 110–422, title III, § 307, Oct. 15, 2008, 

122 Stat. 4788. 


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SUBCHAPTER II—HIGH PRIORITY AERONAUTICS RESEARCH 

AND DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMS 

SECTION 40111 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

40111 ................... 42 U.S.C. 16721(a), (b). Pub. L. 109–155, title IV, § 421(a), (b), Dec. 30, 

2005, 119 Stat. 2924. 

SECTION 40112 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

40112(a) ............... 42 U.S.C. 16722(b). Pub. L. 109–155, title IV, § 422(b)–(g), Dec. 30, 

2005, 119 Stat. 2925. 

40112(b) ............... 42 U.S.C. 16722(c). 

40112(c) ............... 42 U.S.C. 16722(d). 

40112(d) ............... 42 U.S.C. 16722(e). 

40112(e) ............... 42 U.S.C. 16722(f). 

40112(f) ................ 42 U.S.C. 16722(g). 

SECTION 40113 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

40113 ................... 42 U.S.C. 16723. Pub. L. 109–155, title IV, § 423, Dec. 30, 2005, 

119 Stat. 2925. 

In subsection (b), the date ‘‘December 30, 2005’’ is substituted for 

‘‘the date of enactment of this Act’’ to reflect the date of enactment 

of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2005 (Public Law 109–155, 119 Stat. 2895). 

SECTION 40114 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

40114 ................... 42 U.S.C. 16724. Pub. L. 109–155, title IV, § 424, Dec. 30, 2005, 

119 Stat. 2926. 

In subsection (b), the date ‘‘December 30, 2005’’ is substituted for 

‘‘the date of enactment of this Act’’ to reflect the date of enactment 

of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2005 (Public Law 109–155, 119 Stat. 2895). 

SECTION 40115 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

40115 ................... 42 U.S.C. 16725. Pub. L. 109–155, title IV, § 425, Dec. 30, 2005, 

119 Stat. 2926. 


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SECTION 40116 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

40116 ................... 42 U.S.C. 16727. Pub. L. 109–155, title IV, § 427, Dec. 30, 2005, 

119 Stat. 2926; Pub. L. 110–422, title III, 

§ 308, Oct. 15, 2008, 122 Stat. 4788. 

In subsection (b), the words ‘‘Centers for Research on Aviation 

Training’’ are substituted for ‘‘Centers’’ for clarity. There are references to both ‘‘Centers for Research on Aviation Training’’ and 

‘‘Administration Centers’’ in subsection (a). 

In subsection (d)(1), the words ‘‘proposed in the application submitted under subsection (c)’’ are substituted for ‘‘proposed by the 

Center in its application under subsection (c)’’ for clarity. Under 

section (c), applications are filed by an institution of higher education (or a consortium of such institutions) seeking funding, and 

not by the Center for which such funding is sought. 

SUBCHAPTER III—SCHOLARSHIPS 

SECTION 40131 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

40131 ................... 42 U.S.C. 16741. Pub. L. 109–155, title IV, § 431, Dec. 30, 2005, 

119 Stat. 2927. 

In subsection (b), the date ‘‘December 30, 2005’’ is substituted for 

‘‘the date of enactment of this Act’’ to reflect the date of enactment 

of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2005 (Public Law 109–155, 119 Stat. 2895). 

SUBCHAPTER IV—DATA REQUESTS 

SECTION 40141 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

40141 ................... 42 U.S.C. 16751. Pub. L. 109–155, title IV, § 441, Dec. 30, 2005, 

119 Stat. 2927. 

CHAPTER 403—NATIONAL SPACE GRANT COLLEGE AND 

FELLOWSHIP PROGRAM 

Sec. 

40301. Purposes. 

40302. Definitions. 

40303. National space grant college and fellowship program. 

40304. Grants or contracts. 

40305. Specific national needs. 

40306. Space grant college and space grant regional consortium. 

40307. Space grant fellowship program. 

40308. Space grant review panel. 

40309. Availability of other Federal personnel and data. 


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40310. Designation or award to be on competitive basis. 

40311. Continuing emphasis. 

SECTION 40301 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

40301 ................... 42 U.S.C. 2486a. Pub. L. 100–147, title II, § 203, Oct. 30, 1987, 

101 Stat. 869. 

In paragraph (3), the word ‘‘that’’ is substituted for ‘‘, to’’ for clarity. 

In paragraph (4), the words ‘‘in order to’’ are substituted for ‘‘to’’, 

and the words ‘‘through such consortia’’ are added, for clarity. 

SECTION 40302 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

40302 ................... 42 U.S.C. 2486b. Pub. L. 100–147, title II, § 204, Oct. 30, 1987, 

101 Stat. 870. 

The definitions of ‘‘Administration’’ and ‘‘Administrator’’ in section 204 of the National Space Grant College and Fellowship Act 

(Public Law 100–147, title II, 101 Stat. 870) are omitted as unnecessary because of the definitions added by section 10101 of title 51. 

SECTION 40303 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

40303 ................... 42 U.S.C. 2486c. Pub. L. 100–147, title II, § 205, Oct. 30, 1987, 

101 Stat. 871. 

SECTION 40304 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

40304 ................... 42 U.S.C. 2486d. Pub. L. 100–147, title II, § 206, Oct. 30, 1987, 

101 Stat. 872. 

In subsection (a), the words ‘‘not more than 66 percent’’ are substituted for ‘‘66 percent, or any lesser percent’’, and the word ‘‘except’’ is substituted for ‘‘except that this limitation shall not apply’’, 

for clarity and to eliminate unnecessary words. 

In subsection (b), the words ‘‘up to 100 percent’’ are substituted 

for ‘‘100 percent, or any lesser percent’’ to eliminate unnecessary 

words. 

SECTION 40305 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

40305 ................... 42 U.S.C. 2486e. Pub. L. 100–147, title II, § 207, Oct. 30, 1987, 

101 Stat. 873. 


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In subsection (a), the words ‘‘up to 100 percent’’ are substituted 

for ‘‘100 percent, or any lesser percent’’ to eliminate unnecessary 

words. 

SECTION 40306 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

40306 ................... 42 U.S.C. 2486f. Pub. L. 100–147, title II, § 208, Oct. 30, 1987, 

101 Stat. 873. 

SECTION 40307 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

40307 ................... 42 U.S.C. 2486g. Pub. L. 100–147, title II, § 209, Oct. 30, 1987, 

101 Stat. 874. 

SECTION 40308 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

40308 ................... 42 U.S.C. 2486h. Pub. L. 100–147, title II, § 210, Oct. 30, 1987, 

101 Stat. 874. 

In subsection (a), the word ‘‘provisions’’ is substituted for 

‘‘provisons’’ to correct an error in the law. 

SECTION 40309 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

40309 ................... 42 U.S.C. 2486i. Pub. L. 100–147, title II, § 211, Oct. 30, 1987, 

101 Stat. 875. 

SECTION 40310 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

40310 ................... 42 U.S.C. 2486k. Pub. L. 100–147, title II, § 213, Oct. 30, 1987, 

101 Stat. 875. 

The date ‘‘October 30, 1987’’ is substituted for ‘‘the date of enactment of this Act’’ to reflect the date of enactment of the National 

Space Grant College and Fellowship Act, which is title II of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 

1988 (Public Law 100–147, 101 Stat. 860). 

SECTION 40311 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

40311 ................... 42 U.S.C. 17781(c). Pub. L. 110–422, title VII, § 704(c), Oct. 15, 

2008, 122 Stat. 4803. 


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CHAPTER 405—BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH IN SPACE 

Sec. 

40501. Biomedical research joint working group. 

40502. Biomedical research grants. 

40503. Biomedical research fellowships. 

40504. Establishment of electronic data archive. 

40505. Establishment of emergency medical service telemedicine capability. 

SECTION 40501 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

40501 ................... 42 U.S.C. 2487a. Pub. L. 102–588, title VI, § 602, Nov. 4, 1992, 

106 Stat. 5130. 

SECTION 40502 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

40502 ................... 42 U.S.C. 2487b. Pub. L. 102–588, title VI, § 603, Nov. 4, 1992, 

106 Stat. 5130. 

SECTION 40503 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

40503 ................... 42 U.S.C. 2487c. Pub. L. 102–588, title VI, § 604, Nov. 4, 1992, 

106 Stat. 5131. 

SECTION 40504 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

40504 ................... 42 U.S.C. 2487e. Pub. L. 102–588, title VI, § 606, Nov. 4, 1992, 

106 Stat. 5131. 

SECTION 40505 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

40505 ................... 42 U.S.C. 2487f. Pub. L. 102–588, title VI, § 607, Nov. 4, 1992, 

106 Stat. 5131; Pub. L. 109–295, title VI, 

§ 612(c), Oct. 4, 2006, 120 Stat. 1410. 

The words ‘‘Office of Foreign Disaster Assistance’’ are substituted 

for ‘‘Office of Foreign Disaster’’ to correct an error in the law. 


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CHAPTER 407—ENVIRONMENTALLY FRIENDLY 

AIRCRAFT 

Sec. 

40701. Research and development initiative. 

40702. Additional research and development initiative. 

40703. Research alignment. 

40704. Research program on perceived impact of sonic booms. 

SECTION 40701 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

40701 ................... 42 U.S.C. 16722(a). Pub. L. 109–155, title IV, § 422(a), Dec. 30, 

2005, 119 Stat. 2924. 

In paragraphs (2) and (3), the date ‘‘December 30, 2005’’ is substituted for ‘‘the date of enactment of this Act’’ to reflect the date 

of enactment of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2005 (Public Law 109–155, 119 Stat. 

2895). 

SECTION 40702 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

40702 ................... 42 U.S.C. 17721. Pub. L. 110–422, title III, § 302, Oct. 15, 2008, 

122 Stat. 4786. 

In paragraphs (1) and (2), the date ‘‘October 15, 2008’’ is substituted for ‘‘the date of enactment of this Act’’ to reflect the date 

of enactment of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2008 (Public Law 110–422, 122 Stat. 

4779). 

SECTION 40703 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

40703 ................... 42 U.S.C. 17722. Pub. L. 110–422, title III, § 303, Oct. 15, 2008, 

122 Stat. 4787. 

SECTION 40704 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

40704(a) ............... 42 U.S.C. 17723(b). Pub. L. 110–422, title III, § 304(b), (c), Oct. 15, 

2008, 122 Stat. 4787. 

40704(b) ............... 42 U.S.C. 17723(c). 

CHAPTER 409—MISCELLANEOUS 

Sec. 

40901. Science, Space, and Technology Education Trust Fund. 

40902. National Aeronautics and Space Administration Endeavor Teacher Fellowship Trust Fund. 


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40903. Experimental Program to Stimulate Competitive Research—merit grant 

competition requirements. 

40904. Microgravity research. 

40905. Program to expand distance learning in rural underserved areas. 

40906. Equal access to the Administration’s education programs. 

40907. Museums. 

40908. Continuation of certain education programs. 

40909. Compliance with title IX of Education Amendments of 1972. 

SECTION 40901 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

40901 ................... 42 U.S.C. 2467. Pub. L. 100–404, title II, (par. under heading 

‘‘Science, Space, and Technology Education 

Trust Fund’’, at 102 Stat. 1028), Aug. 19, 

1988, 102 Stat. 1028; Pub. L. 103–327, title 

III, Sept. 28, 1994, 108 Stat. 2328. 

In the first sentence, the words ‘‘the Department of Housing and 

Urban Development—Independent Agencies Appropriations Act, 

1989 (Public Law 100–404, 102 Stat. 1014)’’ are substituted for 

‘‘this Act’’ to clarify the reference. 

In the second sentence, the words ‘‘of the Treasury’’ are inserted 

after ‘‘the Secretary’’ for clarity. 

In the sixth sentence, the word ‘‘hereafter’’, which appeared after 

‘‘each calendar quarter’’, is omitted as unnecessary. 

SECTION 40902 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

40902 ................... 42 U.S.C. 2467a. Pub. L. 102–195, § 20, Dec. 9, 1991, 105 Stat. 

1615. 

In subsection (a), the words ‘‘The Trust Fund shall consist of 

amounts’’ are substituted for ‘‘The Trust Fund shall consist of gifts 

and donations accepted by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration pursuant to section 208 of the National Aeronautics 

and Space Act of 1958 (42 U.S.C. 2476b), as well as other amounts’’ 

because the Administration’s authority to accept gifts or donations 

under section 208 of the National Aeronautics and Space Act of 

1958 terminated 5 years after October 30, 1987. 

SECTION 40903 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

40903(a) ............... 42 U.S.C. 2467b(c). Pub. L. 102–588, title III, § 304, Nov. 4, 1992, 

106 Stat. 5120. 

40903(b) ............... 42 U.S.C. 2467b(a). 

40903(c) ............... 42 U.S.C. 2467b(b). 

40903(d) ............... 42 U.S.C. 17781(b). Pub. L. 110–422, title VII, § 704(b), Oct. 15, 

2008, 122 Stat. 4802. 

In subsection (d) the words ‘‘eligible States’’ are substituted for 

‘‘EPSCoR States’’ for clarity and consistency in the section. 


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SECTION 40904 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

40904(1) ............... 42 U.S.C. 16655(2). Pub. L. 109–155, title III, § 305(2), (3), Dec. 30, 

2005, 119 Stat. 2918. 

40904(2) ............... 42 U.S.C. 16655(3). 

SECTION 40905 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

40905 ................... 42 U.S.C. 16791. Pub. L. 109–155, title VI, § 612, Dec. 30, 2005, 

119 Stat. 2932. 

SECTION 40906 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

40906 ................... 42 U.S.C. 16794. Pub. L. 109–155, title VI, § 615, Dec. 30, 2005, 

119 Stat. 2934. 

In subsection (b), in the matter before paragraph (1), the words 

‘‘Every 2 years’’ are substituted for ‘‘Not later than 1 year after the 

date of enactment of this Act [December 30, 2005], and every 2 

years thereafter’’ to eliminate obsolete language. 

In subsection (b), in the matter before paragraph (1), the words 

‘‘Committee on Science and Technology’’ are substituted for ‘‘Committee on Science’’ on authority of Rule X(1)(o) of the Rules of the 

House of Representatives, adopted by House Resolution No. 6 

(110th Congress, January 5, 2007). 

SECTION 40907 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

40907 ................... 42 U.S.C. 16795. Pub. L. 109–155, title VI, § 616, Dec. 30, 2005, 

119 Stat. 2934. 

SECTION 40908 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

40908 ................... 42 U.S.C. 16797. Pub. L. 109–155, title VI, § 618, Dec. 30, 2005, 

119 Stat. 2934. 

SECTION 40909 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

40909 ................... 42 U.S.C. 16798(b). Pub. L. 109–155, title VI, § 619(b), Dec. 30, 

2005, 119 Stat. 2935. 


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Subtitle V—Programs Targeting Commercial 

Opportunities 

CHAPTER 501—SPACE COMMERCE 

SUBCHAPTER I—GENERAL 

Sec. 

50101. Definitions. 

SUBCHAPTER II—PROMOTION OF COMMERCIAL SPACE OPPORTUNITIES 

50111. Commercialization of Space Station. 

50112. Promotion of United States Global Positioning System standards. 

50113. Acquisition of space science data. 

50114. Administration of commercial space centers. 

50115. Sources of Earth science data. 

50116. Commercial technology transfer program. 

SUBCHAPTER III—FEDERAL ACQUISITION OF SPACE TRANSPORTATION 

SERVICES 

50131. Requirement to procure commercial space transportation services. 

50132. Acquisition of commercial space transportation services. 

50133. Shuttle privatization. 

50134. Use of excess intercontinental ballistic missiles. 

SUBCHAPTER I—GENERAL 

SECTION 50101 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

50101 ................... 42 U.S.C. 14701. Pub. L. 105–303, § 2, Oct. 28, 1998, 112 Stat. 

2843. 

The definition of ‘‘Administrator’’ in section 2 of the Commercial 

Space Act of 1998 (Public Law 105–303, 112 Stat. 2843) is omitted 

as unnecessary because of the definition added by section 10101 of 

title 51. 

SUBCHAPTER II—PROMOTION OF COMMERCIAL SPACE 

OPPORTUNITIES 

SECTION 50111 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

50111(a) ............... 42 U.S.C. 14711(a). Pub. L. 105–303, title I, § 101(a), Oct. 28, 1998, 

112 Stat. 2845. 

50111(b) ............... 42 U.S.C. 17801. Pub. L. 110–422, title IX, § 902, Oct. 15, 2008, 

122 Stat. 4805. 

In subsection (b)(1)(D), the date ‘‘October 15, 2008’’ is substituted 

for ‘‘the date of enactment of this Act’’ to reflect the date of enactment of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2008 (Public Law 110–422, 122 Stat. 4779). 


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SECTION 50112 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

50112 ................... 42 U.S.C. 14712(b). Pub. L. 105–303, title I, § 104(b), Oct. 28, 1998, 

112 Stat. 2852. 

SECTION 50113 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

50113 ................... 42 U.S.C. 14713. Pub. L. 105–303, title I, § 105, Oct. 28, 1998, 

112 Stat. 2852. 

SECTION 50114 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

50114 ................... 42 U.S.C. 14714. Pub. L. 105–303, title I, § 106, Oct. 28, 1998, 

112 Stat. 2853. 

SECTION 50115 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

50115(a) ............... 42 U.S.C. 14715(a). Pub. L. 105–303, title I, § 107(a), (b), (d), (e), 

Oct. 28, 1998, 112 Stat. 2853, 2854. 

50115(b) ............... 42 U.S.C. 14715(b). 

50115(c) ............... 42 U.S.C. 14715(d). 

50115(d) ............... 42 U.S.C. 14715(e). 

SECTION 50116 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

50116 ................... 42 U.S.C. 16811. Pub. L. 109–155, title VI, § 621, Dec. 30, 2005, 

119 Stat. 2935. 

This section restates provisions originally enacted as part of the 

National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act 

of 2005 (Public Law 109–155, 119 Stat. 2895), and not as part of 

the Commercial Space Act of 1998 (Public Law 105–303, 112 Stat. 

2843), which is generally restated in this chapter. 

In subsection (a), in the last sentence, the word ‘‘Administration’’ 

is substituted for ‘‘agency’’ for clarity and because of the definition 

of ‘‘Administration’’ added by section 10101 of title 51. 

In subsection (b), the date ‘‘December 30, 2005’’ is substituted for 

‘‘the date of enactment of this Act’’ to reflect the date of enactment 

of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2005 (Public Law 109–155, 119 Stat. 2895). 


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SUBCHAPTER III—FEDERAL ACQUISITION OF SPACE 

TRANSPORTATION SERVICES 

SECTION 50131 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

50131(a) ............... 42 U.S.C. 14731(a). Pub. L. 105–303, title II, § 201, Oct. 28, 1998, 

112 Stat. 2854. 

50131(b) ............... 42 U.S.C. 14731(b) (less 

last sentence). 

50131(c) ............... 42 U.S.C. 14731(b) (last 

sentence). 

50131(d) ............... 42 U.S.C. 14731(c). 

50131(e) ............... 42 U.S.C. 14731(d). 

In subsection (d), the date ‘‘October 28, 1998’’ is substituted for 

‘‘the date of the enactment of this Act’’ and for ‘‘such date’’ to reflect 

the date of enactment of the Commercial Space Act of 1998 (Public 

Law 105–303, 112 Stat. 2843). 

SECTION 50132 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

50132 ................... 42 U.S.C. 14732. Pub. L. 105–303, title II, § 202, Oct. 28, 1998, 

112 Stat. 2855. 

SECTION 50133 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

50133 ................... 42 U.S.C. 14733(a). Pub. L. 105–303, title II, § 204(a), Oct. 28, 1998, 

112 Stat. 2856. 

SECTION 50134 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

50134 ................... 42 U.S.C. 14734. Pub. L. 105–303, title II, § 205, Oct. 28, 1998, 

112 Stat. 2857; Pub. L. 106–65, div. A, title 

X, § 1067(21), Oct. 5, 1999, 113 Stat. 775. 

In subsection (b)(1), in the matter before subparagraph (A), the 

words ‘‘Committee on Science and Technology’’ are substituted for 

‘‘Committee on Science’’ on authority of Rule X(1)(o) of the Rules 

of the House of Representatives, adopted by House Resolution No. 

6 (110th Congress, January 5, 2007). 

CHAPTER 503—COMMERCIAL REUSABLE IN-SPACE 

TRANSPORTATION 

Sec. 

50301. Definitions. 

50302. Loan guarantees for production of commercial reusable in-space transportation. 


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SECTION 50301 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

50301 ................... 42 U.S.C. 14753. Pub. L. 107–248, title IX, § 904, Oct. 23, 2002, 

116 Stat. 1576. 

SECTION 50302 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

50302 ................... 42 U.S.C. 14752. Pub. L. 107–248, title IX, § 903, Oct. 23, 2002, 

116 Stat. 1574. 

In subsection (f)(2), the word ‘‘forbear’’ is substituted for ‘‘forebear’’ to correct an error in the law. 

In subsection (g)(1), the words ‘‘services or systems’’ are substituted for ‘‘services or system’’ to correct an error in the law. 

CHAPTER 505—COMMERCIAL SPACE COMPETITIVENESS 

Sec. 

50501. Definitions. 

50502. Launch voucher demonstration program. 

50503. Anchor tenancy and termination liability. 

50504. Use of Government facilities. 

50505. Test facilities. 

50506. Commercial Space Achievement Award. 

SECTION 50501 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

50501 ................... 15 U.S.C. 5802. Pub. L. 102–588, title V, § 502, Nov. 4, 1992, 

106 Stat. 5123. 

SECTION 50502 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

50502 ................... 15 U.S.C. 5803(a)–(c). Pub. L. 102–588, title V, § 504(a)–(c), Nov. 4, 

1992, 106 Stat. 5124; Pub. L. 105–303, title I, 

§ 103, Oct. 28, 1998, 112 Stat. 2851. 

In subsection (a), the words ‘‘to become effective October 1, 

1993’’, which appeared at the end, are omitted as obsolete. 

SECTION 50503 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

50503 ................... 15 U.S.C. 5806. Pub. L. 102–588, title V, § 507, Nov. 4, 1992, 

106 Stat. 5127. 


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SECTION 50504 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

50504 ................... 15 U.S.C. 5807. Pub. L. 102–588, title V, § 508, Nov. 4, 1992, 

106 Stat. 5128. 

SECTION 50505 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

50505 ................... 42 U.S.C. 16634. Pub. L. 109–155, title II, § 205, Dec. 30, 2005, 

119 Stat. 2916. 

This section restates provisions originally enacted as part of the 

National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act 

of 2005 (Public Law 109–155, 119 Stat. 2895), and not as part of 

title V of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act, Fiscal Year 1993 (Public Law 102–588, 106 Stat. 

5107), which is generally restated in this chapter. 

In subsection (a), the words ‘‘Committee on Science and Technology’’ are substituted for ‘‘Committee on Science’’ on authority of 

Rule X(1)(o) of the Rules of the House of Representatives, adopted 

by House Resolution No. 6 (110th Congress, January 5, 2007). 

SECTION 50506 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

50506 ................... 15 U.S.C. 5808. Pub. L. 102–588, title V, § 510, Nov. 4, 1992, 

106 Stat. 5129. 

In subsection (b), in the matter before paragraph (1), the words 

‘‘The Secretary of Commerce shall periodically make awards’’ are 

substituted for ‘‘The Secretary of Commerce shall periodically 

make, and the Chairman of the National Space Council shall 

present, awards’’ to eliminate obsolete language. The reference to 

the Chairman of the National Space Council is obsolete because the 

National Space Council (established by section 501 of the National 

Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act, Fiscal 

Year 1989 (Public Law 100–685, 102 Stat. 4102)) has not functioned or been staffed since 1993. 

CHAPTER 507—OFFICE OF SPACE COMMERCIALIZATION 

Sec. 

50701. Definition of Office. 

50702. Establishment. 

50703. Annual report. 

SECTION 50701 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

50701 ................... (no source) 


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A chapter-wide definition for the term ‘‘Office’’ is added for clarity and convenience. 

SECTION 50702 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

50702 ................... 15 U.S.C. 1511e. Pub. L. 105–309, § 8, Oct. 30, 1998, 112 Stat. 

2937; Pub. L. 107–305, § 14, Nov. 27, 2002, 

116 Stat. 2380; Pub. L. 108–447, div. B, title 

II, Dec. 8, 2004, 118 Stat. 2878. 

SECTION 50703 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

50703 ................... 15 U.S.C. 1535. Pub. L. 101–611, title I, § 115(b), Nov. 16, 1990, 

104 Stat. 3201. 

The words ‘‘The Secretary of Commerce shall submit an annual 

report’’ are substituted for ‘‘Commencing in fiscal year 1992, and 

every fiscal year thereafter, the Secretary of Commerce shall submit . . . a report’’ to eliminate unnecessary words. 

The word ‘‘Office’’, meaning the Office of Space Commercialization, is substituted for ‘‘Office of Space Commerce’’ to correct an 

error in the law. 

The words ‘‘Committee on Science and Technology’’ are substituted for ‘‘Committee on Science, Space, and Technology’’ on authority of section 1(a)(10) of Public Law 104–14 (2 U.S.C. note prec. 

21), Rule X(1)(n) of the Rules of the House of Representatives, 

adopted by House Resolution No. 5 (106th Congress, January 6, 

1999), and Rule X(1)(o) of the Rules of the House of Representatives, adopted by House Resolution No. 6 (110th Congress, January 

5, 2007). 

Subtitle VI—Earth Observations 

CHAPTER 601—LAND REMOTE SENSING POLICY 

SUBCHAPTER I—GENERAL 

Sec. 

60101. Definitions. 

SUBCHAPTER II—LANDSAT 

60111. Landsat Program Management. 

60112. Transfer of Landsat 6 program responsibilities. 

60113. Data policy for Landsat 7. 

SUBCHAPTER III—LICENSING OF PRIVATE REMOTE SENSING SPACE 

SYSTEMS 

60121. General licensing authority. 

60122. Conditions for operation. 

60123. Administrative authority of Secretary. 

60124. Regulatory authority of Secretary. 

60125. Agency activities. 


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SUBCHAPTER IV—RESEARCH, DEVELOPMENT, AND DEMONSTRATION 

60131. Continued Federal research and development. 

60132. Availability of federally gathered unenhanced data. 

60133. Technology demonstration program. 

60134. Preference for private sector land remote sensing system. 

SUBCHAPTER V—GENERAL PROVISIONS 

60141. Nondiscriminatory data availability. 

60142. Archiving of data. 

60143. Nonreproduction. 

60144. Reimbursement for assistance. 

60145. Acquisition of equipment. 

60146. Radio frequency allocation. 

60147. Consultation. 

60148. Enforcement. 

SUBCHAPTER VI—PROHIBITION OF COMMERCIALIZATION OF WEATHER 

SATELLITES 

60161. Prohibition. 

60162. Future considerations. 

SUBCHAPTER I—GENERAL 

SECTION 60101 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

60101 ................... 15 U.S.C. 5602. Pub. L. 102–555, § 3, Oct. 28, 1992, 106 Stat. 

4164. 

The definition of ‘‘Administrator’’ in section 3 of the Land Remote 

Sensing Policy Act of 1992 (Public Law 102–555, 106 Stat. 4164) 

is omitted as unnecessary because of the definition added by section 10101 of title 51. 

SUBCHAPTER II—LANDSAT 

SECTION 60111 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

60111 ................... 15 U.S.C. 5611. Pub. L. 102–555, title I, § 101, Oct. 28, 1992, 

106 Stat. 4166. 

In subsection (b), in the matter before paragraph (1), after the 

words ‘‘funding expectations for the Landsat’’, the word ‘‘program’’ 

is set out without being capitalized to correct an error in the law. 

In subsection (c)(6), the words ‘‘sections 102 and 103 of the Land 

Remote Sensing Policy Act of 1992 (Public Law 102–555, 106 Stat. 

4168)’’ are substituted for ‘‘sections 102 and 103’’ to clarify the reference. The reference to sections 102 and 103 of the Land Remote 

Sensing Policy Act of 1992 is retained in text, notwithstanding the 

fact that sections 102 and 103 of the Act are repealed as obsolete, 

because oversight responsibilities may continue for contracts entered into under the now obsolete provisions. 

In subsection (e)(2), in the matter before subparagraph (A), the 

word ‘‘biennially’’ is substituted for ‘‘Within 1 year after the date 

of the enactment of this Act and biennially thereafter,’’ to eliminate 

obsolete language. 


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SECTION 60112 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

60112 ................... 15 U.S.C. 5614. Pub. L. 102–555, title I, § 104, Oct. 28, 1992, 

106 Stat. 4170. 

SECTION 60113 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

60113 ................... 15 U.S.C. 5615(a), (b). Pub. L. 102–555, title I, § 105(a), (b), Oct. 28, 

1992, 106 Stat. 4170. 

SUBCHAPTER III—LICENSING OF PRIVATE REMOTE 

SENSING SPACE SYSTEMS 

SECTION 60121 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

60121 ................... 15 U.S.C. 5621. Pub. L. 102–555, title II, § 201, Oct. 28, 1992, 

106 Stat. 4171; Pub. L. 105–303, title I, 

§ 107(f)(1), Oct. 28, 1998, 112 Stat. 2854. 

In subsection (b)(2), the words ‘‘within 6 months after the date 

of the enactment of the Commercial Space Act of 1998’’ are omitted 

as obsolete. 

SECTION 60122 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

60122 ................... 15 U.S.C. 5622. Pub. L. 102–555, title II, § 202, Oct. 28, 1992, 

106 Stat. 4172; Pub. L. 105–303, title I, 

§ 107(f)(2), Oct. 28, 1998, 112 Stat. 2854. 

In subsection (c), in the matter before paragraph (1), the words 

‘‘subsection (b)’’ are substituted for ‘‘paragraph (b)’’ to correct an 

error in the law. 

SECTION 60123 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

60123 ................... 15 U.S.C. 5623. Pub. L. 102–555, title II, § 203, Oct. 28, 1992, 

106 Stat. 4172. 

In subsection (a), at the end of paragraph (2), a semicolon is substituted for the period to correct an error in the law. 


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SECTION 60124 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

60124 ................... 15 U.S.C. 5624. Pub. L. 102–555, title II, § 204, Oct. 28, 1992, 

106 Stat. 4173. 

SECTION 60125 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

60125 ................... 15 U.S.C. 5625. Pub. L. 102–555, title II, § 205, Oct. 28, 1992, 

106 Stat. 4173. 

SUBCHAPTER IV—RESEARCH, DEVELOPMENT, AND 

DEMONSTRATION 

SECTION 60131 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

60131 ................... 15 U.S.C. 5631. Pub. L. 102–555, title III, § 301, Oct. 28, 1992, 

106 Stat. 4174. 

SECTION 60132 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

60132 ................... 15 U.S.C. 5632. Pub. L. 102–555, title III, § 302, Oct. 28, 1992, 

106 Stat. 4174. 

In subsection (b), the word ‘‘affect’’ is substituted for ‘‘effect’’ to 

correct an error in the law. 

SECTION 60133 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

60133 ................... 15 U.S.C. 5633(a)–(e). Pub. L. 102–555, title III, § 303(a)–(e), Oct. 28, 

1992, 106 Stat. 4174. 

In subsection (a)(1), the date ‘‘October 28, 1992’’ is substituted for 

‘‘the date of the enactment of this Act’’ to reflect the date of enactment of the Land Remote Sensing Policy Act of 1992 (Public Law 

102–555, 106 Stat. 4163). At the end of paragraph (1), a semicolon 

is substituted for the period to correct an error in the law. 

SECTION 60134 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

60134(a) ............... 15 U.S.C. 5641(c). Pub. L. 102–555, title IV, § 401(b), (c), Oct. 28, 

1992, 106 Stat. 4176. 

60134(b) ............... 15 U.S.C. 5641(b). 


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In subsection (b), in the matter before paragraph (1), the words 

‘‘In carrying out subsection (a), the Landsat Program Management 

shall consider the ability of each of the options to’’ are omitted as 

obsolete. The omitted words refer to section 401(a) of the Land Remote Sensing Policy Act of 1992 (15 U.S.C. 5641(a)), which required, within 5 years after October 28, 1992, the Landsat Program 

Management, in consultation with representatives of appropriate 

United States Government agencies, to assess and report to Congress on options for a successor land remote sensing system to 

Landsat 7. 

In subsection (b)(3), the words ‘‘otherwise projected to be in operation in the future’’ are substituted for ‘‘projected to be in operation 

through the year 2000’’ to eliminate obsolete language. 

SUBCHAPTER V—GENERAL PROVISIONS 

SECTION 60141 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

60141 ................... 15 U.S.C. 5651. Pub. L. 102–555, title V, § 501, Oct. 28, 1992, 

106 Stat. 4176. 

SECTION 60142 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

60142 ................... 15 U.S.C. 5652. Pub. L. 102–555, title V, § 502, Oct. 28, 1992, 

106 Stat. 4176. 

In subsection (b), the words ‘‘hereafter in this section’’ are substituted for ‘‘hereinafter’’ for clarity. 

In subsection (c), in the matter before paragraph (1), the words 

‘‘of the Interior’’ are substituted for ‘‘of Interior’’ to correct an error 

in the law. 

In subsection (c)(1), the date ‘‘October 28, 1992’’ is substituted for 

‘‘the date of enactment of this Act’’ to reflect the date of enactment 

of the Land Remote Sensing Policy Act of 1992 (Public Law 102– 

555, 106 Stat. 4163). 

SECTION 60143 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

60143 ................... 15 U.S.C. 5653. Pub. L. 102–555, title V, § 503, Oct. 28, 1992, 

106 Stat. 4177. 

SECTION 60144 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

60144 ................... 15 U.S.C. 5654. Pub. L. 102–555, title V, § 504, Oct. 28, 1992, 

106 Stat. 4177. 


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SECTION 60145 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

60145 ................... 15 U.S.C. 5655. Pub. L. 102–555, title V, § 505, Oct. 28, 1992, 

106 Stat. 4177. 

SECTION 60146 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

60146 ................... 15 U.S.C. 5656. Pub. L. 102–555, title V, § 506, Oct. 28, 1992, 

106 Stat. 4177. 

SECTION 60147 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

60147 ................... 15 U.S.C. 5657. Pub. L. 102–555, title V, § 507, Oct. 28, 1992, 

106 Stat. 4178. 

SECTION 60148 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

60148 ................... 15 U.S.C. 5658. Pub. L. 102–555, title V, § 508, Oct. 28, 1992, 

106 Stat. 4179. 

In subsection (d), in the second sentence, the words ‘‘have been, 

or are being’’ are substituted for ‘‘has been, or is being’’ to correct 

an error in the law. 

SUBCHAPTER VI—PROHIBITION OF COMMERCIALIZATION 

OF WEATHER SATELLITES 

SECTION 60161 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

60161 ................... 15 U.S.C. 5671. Pub. L. 102–555, title VI, § 601, Oct. 28, 1992, 

106 Stat. 4179. 

SECTION 60162 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

60162 ................... 15 U.S.C. 5672. Pub. L. 102–555, title VI, § 602, Oct. 28, 1992, 

106 Stat. 4180. 

The date ‘‘October 28, 1992’’ is substituted for ‘‘the enactment of 

this Act’’ to reflect the date of enactment of the Land Remote Sensing Policy Act of 1992 (Public Law 102–555, 106 Stat. 4163). 


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CHAPTER 603—REMOTE SENSING 

Sec. 

60301. Definitions. 

60302. General responsibilities. 

60303. Pilot projects to encourage public sector applications. 

60304. Program evaluation. 

60305. Data availability. 

60306. Education. 

SECTION 60301 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

60301 ................... 42 U.S.C. 16671. Pub. L. 109–155, title III, § 311, Dec. 30, 2005, 

119 Stat. 2920. 

SECTION 60302 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

60302 ................... 42 U.S.C. 16672. Pub. L. 109–155, title III, § 312, Dec. 30, 2005, 

119 Stat. 2920. 

SECTION 60303 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

60303 ................... 42 U.S.C. 16673. Pub. L. 109–155, title III, § 313, Dec. 30, 2005, 

119 Stat. 2921. 

SECTION 60304 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

60304 ................... 42 U.S.C. 16674. Pub. L. 109–155, title III, § 314, Dec. 30, 2005, 

119 Stat. 2921. 

SECTION 60305 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

60305 ................... 42 U.S.C. 16675. Pub. L. 109–155, title III, § 315, Dec. 30, 2005, 

119 Stat. 2922. 

SECTION 60306 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

60306 ................... 42 U.S.C. 16676. Pub. L. 109–155, title III, § 316, Dec. 30, 2005, 

119 Stat. 2922. 


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CHAPTER 605—EARTH SCIENCE 

Sec. 

60501. Goal. 

60502. Transitioning experimental research into operational services. 

60503. Reauthorization of Glory Mission. 

60504. Tornadoes and other severe storms. 

60505. Coordination with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. 

60506. Sharing of climate related data. 

SECTION 60501 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

60501 ................... 42 U.S.C. 17711. Pub. L. 110–422, title II, § 201, Oct. 15, 2008, 

122 Stat. 4784. 

SECTION 60502 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

60502(a) ............... 42 U.S.C. 17712(b). Pub. L. 110–422, title II, § 204(b), (c), (d), Oct. 

15, 2008, 122 Stat. 4785. 

60502(b) ............... 42 U.S.C. 17712(c). 

60502(c) ............... 42 U.S.C. 17712(d). 

SECTION 60503 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

60503 ................... 42 U.S.C. 17713(a). Pub. L. 110–422, title II, § 206(a), Oct. 15, 2008, 

122 Stat. 4785. 

SECTION 60504 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

60504 ................... 42 U.S.C. 17714. Pub. L. 110–422, title II, § 208, Oct. 15, 2008, 

122 Stat. 4786. 

SECTION 60505 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

60505 ................... 42 U.S.C. 16656. Pub. L. 109–155, title III, § 306, Dec. 30, 2005, 

119 Stat. 2919. 

In subsection (b), the words ‘‘beginning with the first fiscal year 

after the date of enactment of this Act [December 30, 2005]’’ are 

omitted as obsolete. 

In subsection (b), the words ‘‘Committee on Science and Technology’’ are substituted for ‘‘Committee on Science’’ on authority of 

Rule X(1)(o) of the Rules of the House of Representatives, adopted 

by House Resolution No. 6 (110th Congress, January 5, 2007). 


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SECTION 60506 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

60506 ................... 42 U.S.C. 17825(c). Pub. L. 110–422, title XI, § 1109(c), Oct. 15, 

2008, 122 Stat. 4811. 

Subtitle VII—Access to Space 

CHAPTER 701—USE OF SPACE SHUTTLE OR 

ALTERNATIVES 

Sec. 

70101. Recovery of fair value of placing Department of Defense payloads in orbit 

with space shuttle. 

70102. Space shuttle use policy. 

70103. Commercial payloads on space shuttle. 

SECTION 70101 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

70101 ................... 42 U.S.C. 2464. Pub. L. 97–324, title I, § 106(a), Oct. 15, 1982, 

96 Stat. 1600. 

SECTION 70102 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

70102(a) ............... 42 U.S.C. 2465a(a). Pub. L. 101–611, title I, § 112(a), (c), (d), Nov. 

16, 1990, 104 Stat. 3198, 3199. 

70102(b) ............... 42 U.S.C. 2465a(c). 

70102(c) ............... 42 U.S.C. 2465a(d). 

SECTION 70103 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

70103(a) ............... 42 U.S.C. 2465c. Pub. L. 101–611, title II, § 203, Nov. 16, 1990, 

104 Stat. 3206; Pub. L. 105–303, title II, 

§ 203(2), Oct. 28, 1998, 112 Stat. 2855. 

70103(b) ............... 42 U.S.C. 2465f. Pub. L. 101–611, title II, § 206, Nov. 16, 1990, 

104 Stat. 3207; Pub. L. 105–303, title II, 

§ 203(4), Oct. 28, 1998, 112 Stat. 2855. 

In subsection (a), the words ‘‘this section’’ are substituted for 

‘‘this title’’, meaning title II of Public Law 101–611, because title 

II of Public Law 101–611 was previously repealed except for section 

201 (a short title provision, classified to 42 U.S.C. 2451 note, in 

which neither defined term appears) and sections 203 (42 U.S.C. 

2465c) and 206 (42 U.S.C. 2465f) of Public Law 101–611, which are 

restated in this section. 


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CHAPTER 703—SHUTTLE PRICING POLICY FOR 

COMMERCIAL AND FOREIGN USERS 

Sec. 

70301. Congressional findings and declarations. 

70302. Purpose, policy, and goals. 

70303. Definition of additive cost. 

70304. Duties of Administrator. 

SECTION 70301 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

70301 ................... 42 U.S.C. 2466. Pub. L. 99–170, title II, § 201, Dec. 5, 1985, 99 

Stat. 1017. 

SECTION 70302 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

70302 ................... 42 U.S.C. 2466a. Pub. L. 99–170, title II, § 202, Dec. 5, 1985, 99 

Stat. 1017. 

SECTION 70303 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

70303 ................... 42 U.S.C. 2466b. Pub. L. 99–170, title II, § 203, Dec. 5, 1985, 99 

Stat. 1017. 

The definition of ‘‘Administrator’’ in section 203(1) of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 

1986 (Public Law 99–170, 99 Stat. 1017) is omitted as unnecessary 

because of the definition added by section 10101 of title 51. 

SECTION 70304 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

70304 ................... 42 U.S.C. 2466c. Pub. L. 99–170, title II, § 204, Dec. 5, 1985, 99 

Stat. 1017; Pub. L. 103–437, § 15(c)(5), Nov. 

2, 1994, 108 Stat. 4592. 

In subsections (b) and (c)(1), the words ‘‘Committee on Science 

and Technology’’ are substituted for ‘‘Committee on Science, Space, 

and Technology’’ on authority of section 1(a)(10) of Public Law 104– 

14 (2 U.S.C. note prec. 21), Rule X(1)(n) of the Rules of the House 

of Representatives, adopted by House Resolution No. 5 (106th Congress, January 6, 1999), and Rule X(1)(o) of the Rules of the House 

of Representatives, adopted by House Resolution No. 6 (110th Congress, January 5, 2007). 

CHAPTER 705—EXPLORATION INITIATIVES 

Sec. 

70501. Space shuttle follow-on. 


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70502. Exploration plan and programs. 

70503. Ground-based analog capabilities. 

70504. Stepping stone approach to exploration. 

70505. Lunar outpost. 

70506. Exploration technology research. 

70507. Technology development. 

70508. Robotic or human servicing of spacecraft. 

SECTION 70501 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

70501(a) ............... 42 U.S.C. 16761(a). Pub. L. 109–155, title V, § 501(a), (b), Dec. 30, 

2005, 119 Stat. 2927. 

70501(b) ............... 42 U.S.C. 16761(b). 

In subsection (b), the words ‘‘The Administrator shall transmit 

an annual report’’ are substituted for ‘‘Not later than 180 days 

after the date of enactment of this Act [December 30, 2005] and annually thereafter, the Administrator shall transmit a report’’ to 

eliminate obsolete language. 

In subsection (b), the words ‘‘Committee on Science and Technology’’ are substituted for ‘‘Committee on Science’’ on authority of 

Rule X(1)(o) of the Rules of the House of Representatives, adopted 

by House Resolution No. 6 (110th Congress, January 5, 2007). 

SECTION 70502 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

70502 ................... 42 U.S.C. 16763. Pub. L. 109–155, title V, § 503, Dec. 30, 2005, 

119 Stat. 2929. 

SECTION 70503 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

70503 ................... 42 U.S.C. 16764. Pub. L. 109–155, title V, § 504, Dec. 30, 2005, 

119 Stat. 2929. 

SECTION 70504 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

70504 ................... 42 U.S.C. 17731. Pub. L. 110–422, title IV, § 403, Oct. 15, 2008, 

122 Stat. 4789. 

SECTION 70505 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

70505(a) ............... 42 U.S.C. 17732(a). Pub. L. 110–422, title IV, § 404(a), (b), Oct. 15, 

2008, 122 Stat. 4789. 

70505(b) ............... 42 U.S.C. 17732(b). 


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SECTION 70506 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

70506 ................... 42 U.S.C. 17733(b). Pub. L. 110–422, title IV, § 405(b), Oct. 15, 

2008, 122 Stat. 4789. 

SECTION 70507 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

70507 ................... 42 U.S.C. 17741. Pub. L. 110–422, title V, § 501, Oct. 15, 2008, 

122 Stat. 4791. 

SECTION 70508 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

70508 ................... 42 U.S.C. 17742. Pub. L. 110–422, title V, § 502, Oct. 15, 2008, 

122 Stat. 4791. 

CHAPTER 707—HUMAN SPACE FLIGHT INDEPENDENT 

INVESTIGATION COMMISSION 

Sec. 

70701. Definitions. 

70702. Establishment of Commission. 

70703. Tasks of Commission. 

70704. Composition of Commission. 

70705. Powers of Commission. 

70706. Public meetings, information, and hearings. 

70707. Staff of Commission. 

70708. Compensation and travel expenses. 

70709. Security clearances for Commission members and staff. 

70710. Reporting requirements and termination. 

SECTION 70701 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

70701 ................... 42 U.S.C. 16841. Pub. L. 109–155, title V, § 821, Dec. 30, 2005, 

119 Stat. 2941. 

SECTION 70702 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

70702 ................... 42 U.S.C. 16842. Pub. L. 109–155, title V, § 822, Dec. 30, 2005, 

119 Stat. 2941. 


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SECTION 70703 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

70703 ................... 42 U.S.C. 16843. Pub. L. 109–155, title V, § 823, Dec. 30, 2005, 

119 Stat. 2941. 

SECTION 70704 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

70704(a) ............... 42 U.S.C. 16844(a). Pub. L. 109–155, title V, § 824, Dec. 30, 2005, 

119 Stat. 2942. 

70704(b) ............... 42 U.S.C. 16844(b). 

70704(c) ............... 42 U.S.C. 16844(c). 

70704(d) ............... 42 U.S.C. 16844(d). 

70704(e) ............... 42 U.S.C. 16844(e) (1st 

sentence). 

70704(f) ................ 42 U.S.C. 16844(e) (2d 

sentence). 

70704(g) ............... 42 U.S.C. 16844(e) (last 

sentence). 

SECTION 70705 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

70705 ................... 42 U.S.C. 16845. Pub. L. 109–155, title V, § 825, Dec. 30, 2005, 

119 Stat. 2942. 

SECTION 70706 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

70706 ................... 42 U.S.C. 16846. Pub. L. 109–155, title V, § 826, Dec. 30, 2005, 

119 Stat. 2943. 

SECTION 70707 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

70707 ................... 42 U.S.C. 16847. Pub. L. 109–155, title V, § 827, Dec. 30, 2005, 

119 Stat. 2943. 

In subsection (c), in the 1st sentence, the words ‘‘the daily equivalent of the annual rate of basic pay in effect for positions at level 

IV of the Executive Schedule under section 5315 of title 5’’ are substituted for ‘‘the daily rate paid a person occupying a position at 

level IV of the Executive Schedule under section 5315 of title 5’’ for 

consistency in title 51. 

In subsection (c), in the last sentence, the words ‘‘the expert or 

consultant’’ are substituted for ‘‘it’’ for clarity. 


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SECTION 70708 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

70708 ................... 42 U.S.C. 16848. Pub. L. 109–155, title V, § 828, Dec. 30, 2005, 

119 Stat. 2944. 

In subsection (a), the words ‘‘at a rate not to exceed the daily 

equivalent of the annual rate’’ for ‘‘at not to exceed the daily equivalent of the annual rate’’ for consistency in title 51. 

In subsection (b), the words ‘‘section 5703 of title 5’’ are substituted for ‘‘section 5703(b) of title 5’’ to correct an error in the 

law. Section 5703 of title 5, United States Code, does not contain 

a subsection (b). 

SECTION 70709 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

70709 ................... 42 U.S.C. 16849. Pub. L. 109–155, title V, § 829, Dec. 30, 2005, 

119 Stat. 2944. 

SECTION 70710 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

70710 ................... 42 U.S.C. 16850. Pub. L. 109–155, title V, § 830, Dec. 30, 2005, 

119 Stat. 2944. 

CHAPTER 709—INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION 

Sec. 

70901. Peaceful uses of space station. 

70902. Allocation of International Space Station research budget. 

70903. International Space Station research. 

70904. International Space Station completion. 

70905. National laboratory designation. 

70906. International Space Station National Laboratory Advisory Committee. 

70907. Maintaining use through at least 2020. 

SECTION 70901 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

70901 ................... (not previously classified) Pub. L. 101–611, title I, § 123, Nov. 16, 1990, 

104 Stat. 3204. 

The words ‘‘the National Aeronautics and Space Administration 

Authorization Act, Fiscal Year 1991 (Public Law 101–611, 104 Stat. 

3190)’’ are substituted for ‘‘this Act’’ to clarify the reference. 

SECTION 70902 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

70902 ................... 42 U.S.C. 16633. Pub. L. 109–155, title II, § 204, Dec. 30, 2005, 

119 Stat. 2916. 


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The words ‘‘Beginning with fiscal year 2006’’, which appeared at 

the beginning of this section, are omitted as obsolete. 

SECTION 70903 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

70903 ................... 42 U.S.C. 16766(1), (2). Pub. L. 109–155, title V, § 506(1), (2), Dec. 30, 

2005, 119 Stat. 2930. 

SECTION 70904 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

70904 ................... 42 U.S.C. 16765. Pub. L. 109–155, title V, § 505, Dec. 30, 2005, 

119 Stat. 2929. 

In subsections (b)(3) and (c)(2), the words ‘‘Committee on Science 

and Technology’’ are substituted for ‘‘Committee on Science’’ on authority of Rule X(1)(o) of the Rules of the House of Representatives, 

adopted by House Resolution No. 6 (110th Congress, January 5, 

2007). 

In subsections (b)(3) and (c)(2), the date ‘‘December 30, 2005’’ is 

substituted for ‘‘the date of enactment of this Act’’ to reflect the 

date of enactment of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2005 (Public Law 109–155, 119 Stat. 

2895). 

In subsection (c)(2) the words ‘‘Not later than 60 days after the 

date of enactment of this Act [December 30, 2005], and’’ are omitted as obsolete. 

SECTION 70905 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

70905(a) ............... 42 U.S.C. 16767(d). Pub. L. 109–155, title V, § 507(a), (b), (d), Dec. 

30, 2005, 119 Stat. 2930, 2931. 

70905(b) ............... 42 U.S.C. 16767(a). 

70905(c) ............... 42 U.S.C. 16767(b). 

SECTION 70906 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

70906 ................... 42 U.S.C. 17752. Pub. L. 110–422, title VI, § 602, Oct. 15, 2008, 

122 Stat. 4795. 

In subsection (a), the date ‘‘October 15, 2008’’ is substituted for 

‘‘the date of enactment of this Act’’ to reflect the date of enactment 

of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2008 (Public Law 110–422, 122 Stat. 4779). 


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SECTION 70907 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

70907 ................... 42 U.S.C. 17751(a). Pub. L. 110–422, title VI, § 601(a), Oct. 15, 

2008, 122 Stat. 4793. 

CHAPTER 711—NEAR-EARTH OBJECTS 

Sec. 

71101. Reaffirmation of policy. 

71102. Requests for information. 

71103. Developing policy and recommending responsible Federal agency. 

71104. Planetary radar. 

SECTION 71101 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

71101 ................... 42 U.S.C. 17791(a). Pub. L. 110–422, title VIII, § 801(a), Oct. 15, 

2008, 122 Stat. 4803. 

SECTION 71102 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

71102 ................... 42 U.S.C. 17793. Pub. L. 110–422, title VIII, § 803, Oct. 15, 2008, 

122 Stat. 4803. 

SECTION 71103 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

71103 ................... 42 U.S.C. 17794. Pub. L. 110–422, title VIII, § 804, Oct. 15, 2008, 

122 Stat. 4804. 

In the matter before paragraph (1), the date ‘‘October 15, 2008’’ 

is substituted for ‘‘the date of enactment of this Act’’ to reflect the 

date of enactment of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2008. 

SECTION 71104 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

71104 ................... 42 U.S.C. 17795. Pub. L. 110–422, title VIII, § 805, Oct. 15, 2008, 

122 Stat. 4804. 

CHAPTER 713—COOPERATION FOR SAFETY AMONG 

SPACEFARING NATIONS 

Sec. 

71301. Common docking system standard to enable rescue. 

71302. Information sharing to avoid physical or radio-frequency interference. 


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SECTION 71301 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

71301 ................... 42 U.S.C. 17734. Pub. L. 110–422, title IV, § 407, Oct. 15, 2008, 

122 Stat. 4790. 

SECTION 71302 

Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 

71302 ................... 42 U.S.C. 17821(b). Pub. L. 110–422, title XI, § 1102(b), Oct. 15, 

2008, 122 Stat. 4808. 

SECTION 4—CONFORMING AMENDMENTS TO OTHER LAWS

Section 4 of the bill makes conforming amendments. 

Subsections (a) to (c) make conforming amendments to update cross references in positive law titles of the United States 

Code. 

Subsection (d) renumbers and transfers chapters 701 and 

703 of title 49, United States Code, as chapters 509 and 511, 

respectively, of title 51, United States Code. Subsection (d) also 

makes related conforming amendments to update cross references and execute other necessary technical changes related 

to the transfers. 

Subsection (e) makes a conforming amendment to section 

304 of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16654). 

SECTION 5—TRANSITIONAL AND SAVINGS PROVISIONS

Section 5 of the bill contains transitional and savings provisions. 

SECTION 6—REPEALS

Section 6 of the bill repeals provisions replaced by the bill, along 

with unnecessary and obsolete provisions (see ‘‘Disposition Table’’ 

above). 

Æ 


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