# Patent

## Title
Steerable laser probe

## Abstract

A steerable laser probe may include an actuation structure, a nosecone fixed to the actuation structure by one or more links and one or more link pins, a flexible housing tube, and an optic fiber disposed in the flexible housing tube and the actuation structure. A compression of the actuation structure may be configured to gradually curve the flexible housing tube and the optic fiber. A decompression of the actuation structure may be configured to gradually straighten the flexible housing tube and the optic fiber.

## Background
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
This Application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 61/697,534, filed Sep. 6, 2012.


FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present disclosure relates to a surgical instrument, and, more particularly, to a steerable laser probe.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
A wide variety of ophthalmic procedures require a laser energy source. For example, ophthalmic surgeons may use laser photocoagulation to treat proliferative retinopathy. Proliferative retinopathy is a condition characterized by the development of abnormal blood vessels in the retina that grow into the vitreous humor. Ophthalmic surgeons may treat this condition by energizing a laser to cauterize portions of the retina to prevent the abnormal blood vessels from growing and hemorrhaging.
In order to increase the chances of a successful laser photocoagulation procedure, it is important that a surgeon is able aim the laser at a plurality of targets within the eye, e.g., by guiding or moving the laser from a first target to a second target within the eye. It is also important that the surgeon is able to easily control a movement of the laser. For example, the surgeon must be able to easily direct a laser beam by steering the beam to a first position aimed at a first target, guide the laser beam from the first position to a second position aimed at a second target, and hold the laser beam in the second position. Accordingly, there is a need for a surgical laser probe that can be easily guided to a plurality of targets within the eye.
BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present disclosure presents a steerable laser probe. Illustratively, a steerable laser probe may comprise an actuation structure, a nosecone fixed to the actuation structure by one or more links and one or more link pins, a flexible housing tube, and an optic fiber disposed in the flexible housing tube and the actuation structure. In one or more embodiments, a compression of the actuation structure may be configured to gradually curve the flexible housing tube. Illustratively, a gradual curving of the flexible housing tube may be configured to gradually curve the optic fiber. In one or more embodiments, a decompression of the actuation structure may be configured to gradually straighten the flexible housing tube. Illustratively, a gradual straightening of the flexible housing tube may be configured to gradually curve the optic fiber.



BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The above and further advantages of the present invention may be better understood by referring to the following description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which like reference numerals indicate identical or functionally similar elements:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating an exploded view of a handle assembly;
FIGS. 2A and 2B are schematic diagrams illustrating a handle;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating a flexible housing tube;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating an exploded view of a steerable laser probe assembly;
FIGS. 5A, 5B, 5C, 5D, and 5E are schematic diagrams illustrating a gradual curving of an optic fiber;
FIGS. 6A, 6B, 6C, 6D, and 6E are schematic diagrams illustrating a gradual straightening of an optic fiber;
FIGS. 7A and 7B are schematic diagrams illustrating a handle;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram illustrating a flexible housing tube;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram illustrating an exploded view of a steerable laser probe assembly;
FIGS. 10A, 10B, 10C, 10D, and 10E are schematic diagrams illustrating a gradual curving of an optic fiber;
FIGS. 11A, 11B, 11C, 11D, and 11E are schematic diagrams illustrating a gradual straightening of an optic fiber.



DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF AN ILLUSTRATIVE EMBODIMENT
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating an exploded view of a handle assembly 100. Illustratively, a handle assembly 100 may comprise a nosecone 105 having a nosecone distal end 106 and a nosecone proximal end 107, an actuation structure 110 having an actuation structure distal end 111 and an actuation structure proximal end 112, a front plug 115, a distal ring 116, a proximal ring 117, an outer sleeve 120 having an outer sleeve distal end 121 and an outer sleeve proximal end 122, an actuation guide 130 having an actuation guide distal end 131 and an actuation guide proximal end 132, an inner hypodermic tube 140 having an inner hypodermic tube distal end 141 and an inner hypodermic tube proximal end 142, a piston 150 having a piston distal end 151 and a piston proximal end 152, an end plug 160 having an end plug distal end 161 and an end plug proximal end 162, one or more links 170, one or more spacers 175, and one or more link pins 180. In one or more embodiments, nosecone 105, actuation structure 110, front plug 115, outer sleeve 120, actuation guide 130, inner hypodermic tube 140, piston 150, and end plug 160 may be manufactured from any suitable material, e.g., polymers, metals, metal alloys, etc., or from any combination of suitable materials.
FIGS. 2A and 2B are schematic diagrams illustrating a handle 200. FIG. 2A illustrates a side view of a handle 200. Illustratively, handle 200 may comprise a handle distal end 201 and a handle proximal end 202. In one or more embodiments, a portion of nosecone 105 may be fixed to a portion of actuation structure 110, e.g., nosecone proximal end 107 may be fixed to actuation structure distal end 111. Illustratively, nosecone 105 may be fixed to actuation structure 110, e.g., by one or more links 170. In one or more embodiments, one or more link pins 180 may be configured to fix nosecone 105 to one or more links 170, e.g., a particular link pin 180 may be disposed within nosecone 105 and a particular link 170. Illustratively, one or more link pins 180 may be configured to fix actuation structure 110 to one or more links 170, e.g., a particular link pin 180 may be disposed within actuation structure 110 and a particular link 170. In one or more embodiments, a first link pin 180 may be configured to fix nosecone 105 to a particular link 170 and a second link pin 180 may be configured to fix actuation structure 110 to the particular link 175. Illustratively, one or more spacers 175 may be configured to prevent undesirable movement of one or more links 170 relative to one or more link pins 180, e.g., a particular spacer 175 may be disposed over a portion of a particular link pin 180 extending from a particular link 170.
In one or more embodiments, a portion of inner hypodermic tube 140 may be disposed within piston 150, e.g., inner hypodermic tube proximal end 142 may be disposed within piston 150. Illustratively, a portion of inner hypodermic tube 140 may be fixed within piston 150, e.g., by an adhesive or any suitable fixation means. In one or more embodiments, inner hypodermic tube proximal end 142 may be fixed within piston 150, e.g., by an adhesive or any suitable fixation means. Illustratively, actuation guide 130 may be disposed within outer sleeve 120. In one or more embodiments, actuation guide 130 may be fixed within outer sleeve 120, e.g., by an adhesive or any suitable fixation means. Illustratively, piston 150 may be disposed within actuation guide 130. In one or more embodiments, piston 150 may be configured to actuate within actuation guide 130.
In one or more embodiments, distal ring 116 may be disposed over a portion of front plug 115. Illustratively, front plug 115 may be configured to interface with a portion of outer sleeve 120, e.g., front plug 115 may be configured to interface with outer sleeve distal end 121. In one or more embodiments, front plug 115 may be configured to interface with a portion of actuation guide 130, e.g., front plug 115 may be configured to interface with actuation guide distal end 131. Illustratively, front plug 115 may be disposed within outer sleeve 120. In one or more embodiments, a portion of front plug 115 may be disposed within actuation guide 130. Illustratively, distal ring 116 may be disposed within actuation guide 130, e.g., distal ring 116 may be configured to form a hermetic seal within actuation guide 130.
In one or more embodiments, proximal ring 117 may be disposed over a portion of end plug 160. Illustratively, end plug 160 may be configured to interface with a portion of outer sleeve 120, e.g., end plug 160 may be configured to interface with outer sleeve proximal end 122. In one or more embodiments, end plug 160 may be configured to interface with a portion of actuation guide 130, e.g., end plug 160 may be configured to interface with actuation guide proximal end 132. For example, a portion of end plug 160 may be disposed within actuation guide 130. Illustratively, proximal ring 117 may be disposed within actuation guide 130, e.g., proximal ring 117 may be configured to form a hermetic seal within actuation guide 130. In one or more embodiments, end plug 160 may be disposed within outer sleeve 120. Illustratively, inner hypodermic tube 140 may be disposed within piston 150, actuation guide 130, front plug 115, distal ring 116, and nosecone 105. In one or more embodiments, a portion of inner hypodermic tube 140 may be fixed within nosecone 105, e.g., inner hypodermic tube distal end 141 may be fixed within nosecone 105. Illustratively, a portion of inner hypodermic tube 140 may be fixed within nosecone 105, e.g., by an adhesive or any suitable fixation means.
In one or more embodiments, a compression of actuation structure 110 may be configured to rotate one or more links 170 about one or more link pins 180. Illustratively, a rotation of one or more links 170 about one or more link pins 180 may be configured to extend a particular link pin 180, e.g., a particular link pin 180 disposed in nosecone 105, relative to handle proximal end 202. In one or more embodiments, an extension of a particular link pin 180 disposed in nosecone 105 relative to handle proximal end 202 may be configured to extend nosecone 105 relative to handle proximal end 202. Illustratively, a compression of actuation structure 110 may be configured to extend nosecone 105 relative to handle proximal end 202. In one or more embodiments, an extension of nosecone 105 relative to handle proximal end 202 may be configured to extend inner hypodermic tube 140 relative to handle proximal end 202. Illustratively, an extension of inner hypodermic tube 140 relative to handle proximal end 202 may be configured to actuate piston 150 within actuation guide 130. In one or more embodiments, a compression of actuation structure 110 may be configured to extend piston 150 relative to handle proximal end 202.
In one or more embodiments, a decompression of action structure 110 may be configured to rotate one or more links 170 about one or more link pins 180. Illustratively, a rotation of one or more links 170 about one or more link pins 180 may be configured to retract a particular link pin 180, e.g., a particular link pin 180 disposed in nosecone 105, relative to handle proximal end 202. In one or more embodiments, a retraction of a particular link pin 180 disposed in nosecone 105 relative to handle proximal end 202 may be configured to retract nosecone 105 relative to handle proximal end 202. Illustratively, a decompression of actuation structure 110 may be configured to retract nosecone 105 relative to handle proximal end 202. In one or more embodiments, a retraction of nosecone 105 relative to handle proximal end 202 may be configured to retract inner hypodermic tube 140 relative to handle proximal end 202. Illustratively, a retraction of inner hypodermic tube 140 relative to handle proximal end 202 may be configured to actuate piston 150 within actuation guide 130. In one or more embodiments, a decompression of actuation structure 110 may be configured to retract piston 150 relative to handle proximal end 202.
FIG. 2B illustrates a cross-sectional view of a handle 200. In one or more embodiments, handle 200 may comprise an optic fiber housing 210, an inner bore 220, an optic fiber guide 230, and a flexible housing tube housing 240. Illustratively, handle 200 may be manufactured from any suitable material, e.g., polymers, metals, metal alloys, etc., or from any combination of suitable materials.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating a flexible housing tube 300. Illustratively, flexible housing tube 300 may comprise a flexible housing tube distal end 301 and a flexible housing tube proximal end 302. Flexible housing tube 300 may be manufactured from any suitable material, e.g., polymers, metals, metal alloys, etc., or from any combination of suitable materials. Illustratively, flexible housing tube 300 may comprise a shape memory material, e.g., Nitinol. In one or more embodiments, flexible housing tube 300 may be manufactured from a material having an ultimate tensile strength between 700 and 1000 MPa. Illustratively, flexible housing tube 300 may be manufactured from a material having ultimate tensile strength less than 700 MPa or greater than 1000 MPa. In one or more embodiments, flexible housing tube 300 may be manufactured from a material having a modulus of elasticity between 30 and 80 GPa. Illustratively, flexible housing tube 300 may be manufactured from a material having a modulus of elasticity less than 30 GPa or greater than 80 GPa.
In one or more embodiments, flexible housing tube 300 may be manufactured with dimensions suitable for performing microsurgical procedures, e.g., ophthalmic surgical procedures. Illustratively, flexible housing tube 300 may be manufactured at gauge sizes commonly used in ophthalmic surgical procedures, e.g., 23 gauge, 25 gauge, etc. In one or more embodiments, flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to be inserted in a cannula, e.g., a cannula used during an ophthalmic surgical procedure. For example, one or more properties of flexible housing tube 300 may be optimized to reduce friction as flexible housing tube 300 is inserted into a cannula. In one or more embodiments, one or more properties of flexible housing tube 300 may be optimized to reduce friction as flexible housing tube 300 is removed from a cannula. Illustratively, flexible housing tube 300 may have an ultimate tensile strength between 1000 MPa and 1100 MPa. In one or more embodiments, flexible housing tube 300 may have an ultimate tensile strength less than 1000 MPa or greater than 1100 MPa.
In one or more embodiments, an optic fiber 310 may be disposed within flexible housing tube 300. Illustratively, optic fiber 310 may comprise an optic fiber distal end 311 and an optic fiber proximal end 312. In one or more embodiments, optic fiber 310 may be configured to transmit light, e.g., laser light. Illustratively, optic fiber 310 may be disposed within flexible housing tube 300 wherein optic fiber distal end 311 may be adjacent to flexible housing tube distal end 301. In one or more embodiments, a portion of optic fiber 310 may be fixed to a portion of flexible housing tube 300, e.g., by an adhesive or any suitable fixation means.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating an exploded view of a steerable laser probe assembly 400. Illustratively, a steerable laser probe assembly 400 may comprise a handle 200, a flexible housing tube 300 having a flexible housing tube distal end 301 and a flexible housing tube proximal end 302, an optic fiber 310 having an optic fiber distal end 311 and an optic fiber proximal end 312, and a light source interface 410. Illustratively, light source interface 410 may be configured to interface with optic fiber 310, e.g., at optic fiber proximal end 312. In one or more embodiments, light source interface 410 may comprise a standard light source connecter, e.g., an SMA connector.
Illustratively, a portion of flexible housing tube 300 may be fixed to nosecone 105, e.g., flexible housing tube proximal end 302 may be fixed to nosecone distal end 106. In one or more embodiments, a portion of flexible housing tube 300 may be fixed to nosecone 105, e.g., by an adhesive or any suitable fixation means. Illustratively, a portion of flexible housing tube 300 may be disposed within nosecone 105, e.g., flexible housing tube proximal end 302 may be disposed within nosecone 105. In one or more embodiments, a portion of flexible housing tube 300 may be fixed within nosecone 105, e.g., by an adhesive or any suitable fixation means. Illustratively, a portion of flexible housing tube 300 may be disposed within flexible housing tube housing 240, e.g., flexible housing tube proximal end 302 may be disposed within flexible housing tube housing 240. In one or more embodiments, a portion of flexible housing tube 300 may be fixed within flexible housing tube housing 240, e.g., by an adhesive or any suitable fixation means. For example, a portion of flexible housing tube 300 may be fixed within flexible housing tube housing 240 by a press fit, a weld, etc.
Illustratively, optic fiber 310 may be disposed within inner bore 220, optic fiber guide 230, optic fiber housing 210, piston 150, inner hypodermic tube 140, nosecone 105, and flexible housing tube 300. In one or more embodiments, optic fiber 310 may be disposed within flexible housing tube 300 wherein optic fiber distal end 311 is adjacent to flexible housing tube distal end 301. In one or more embodiments, a portion of optic fiber 310 may be fixed to a portion of flexible housing tube 300, e.g., by an adhesive or any suitable fixation means. Illustratively, a portion of optic fiber 310 may be fixed in a position relative to handle proximal end 202. In one or more embodiments, optic fiber 310 may be fixed within optic fiber housing 210, e.g., by an adhesive or any suitable fixation means. For example, optic fiber 310 may be fixed within optic fiber housing 210 by a press fit, a setscrew, etc. Illustratively, a first portion of optic fiber 310 may be fixed in optic fiber housing 210 and a second portion of optic fiber 310 may be fixed to a portion of flexible housing tube 300.
In one or more embodiments, a compression of actuation structure 110 may be configured to rotate one or more links 170 about one or more link pins 180. Illustratively, a rotation of one or more links 170 about one or more link pins 180 may be configured to extend nosecone 105 relative to handle proximal end 202. In one or more embodiments, an extension of nosecone 105 relative to handle proximal end 202 may be configured to extend flexible housing tube 300 relative to handle proximal end 202. Illustratively, an extension of flexible housing tube 300 relative to handle proximal end 202 may be configured to extend flexible housing tube 300 relative to optic fiber 310. In one or more embodiments, a portion of optic fiber 310, e.g., a portion of optic fiber 310 fixed to flexible housing tube 300, may be configured to resist an extension of flexible housing tube 300 relative to optic fiber 310. Illustratively, optic fiber 310 may be fixed within optic fiber housing 210 and optic fiber 310 may be fixed to flexible housing tube 300. In one or more embodiments, an extension of flexible housing tube 300 relative to optic fiber 310 may be configured to apply a force to a portion of flexible housing tube 300. Illustratively, an application of a force to a portion of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to compress a portion of flexible housing tube 300, e.g., an application of a force to a portion of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to compress a portion of flexible housing tube 300. In one or more embodiments, a compression of a portion of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to cause flexible housing tube 300 to gradually curve. Illustratively, a gradual curving of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to gradually curve optic fiber 310. In one or more embodiments, a compression of actuation structure 110 may be configured to gradually curve optic fiber 310. Illustratively, a compression of actuation structure 110 may be configured to gradually curve flexible housing tube 300.
In one or more embodiments, a decompression of actuation structure 110 may be configured to rotate one or more links 170 about one or more link pins 180. Illustratively, a rotation of one or more links 170 about one or more link pins 180 may be configured to retract nosecone 105 relative to handle proximal end 202. In one or more embodiments, a refraction of nosecone 105 relative to handle proximal end 202 may be configured to retract flexible housing tube 300 relative to handle proximal end 202. Illustratively, a retraction of flexible housing tube 300 relative to handle proximal end 202 may be configured to retract flexible housing tube 300 relative to optic fiber 310. In one or more embodiments, a portion of optic fiber 310, e.g., a portion of optic fiber 310 fixed to flexible housing tube 300, may be configured to facilitate a retraction of flexible housing tube 300 relative to optic fiber 310. Illustratively, optic fiber 310 may be fixed within optic fiber housing 210 and optic fiber 310 may be fixed to flexible housing tube 300. In one or more embodiments, a retraction of flexible housing tube 300 relative to optic fiber 310 may be configured to reduce a force applied to a portion of flexible housing tube 300. Illustratively, a reduction of a force applied to a portion of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to decompress a portion of flexible housing tube 300, e.g., a reduction of a force applied to a portion of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to decompress a portion of flexible housing tube 300. In one or more embodiments, a decompression of a portion of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to cause flexible housing tube 300 to gradually straighten. Illustratively, a gradual straightening of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to gradually straighten optic fiber 310. In one or more embodiments, a decompression of actuation structure 110 may be configured to gradually straighten optic fiber 310. Illustratively, a decompression of actuation structure 110 may be configured to gradually straighten flexible housing tube 300.
FIGS. 5A, 5B, 5C, 5D, and 5E are schematic diagrams illustrating a gradual curving of an optic fiber 310. FIG. 5A illustrates a straight optic fiber 500. In one or more embodiments, optic fiber 310 may comprise a straight optic fiber 500, e.g., when flexible housing tube 300 is fully retracted relative to optic fiber 310. Illustratively, optic fiber 310 may comprise a straight optic fiber 500, e.g., when actuation structure 110 is fully decompressed. In one or more embodiments, optic fiber 310 may comprise a straight optic fiber 500, e.g., when nosecone 105 is fully retracted relative to handle proximal end 202. Illustratively, a line tangent to optic fiber distal end 311 may be parallel to a line tangent to flexible housing tube proximal end 302, e.g., when optic fiber 310 comprises a straight optic fiber 500.
FIG. 5B illustrates an optic fiber in a first curved position 510. In one or more embodiments, a compression of actuation structure 110 may be configured to gradually curve optic fiber 310 from a straight optic fiber 500 to an optic fiber in a first curved position 510. Illustratively, a compression of actuation structure 110 may be configured to rotate one or more links 170 about one or more link pins 180. In one or more embodiments, a rotation of one or more links 170 about one or more link pins 180 may be configured to extend nosecone 105 relative to handle proximal end 202. Illustratively, an extension of nosecone 105 relative to handle proximal end 202 may be configured to extend flexible housing tube 300 relative to optic fiber 310. In one or more embodiments, an extension of flexible housing tube 300 relative to optic fiber 310 may be configured to apply a force to a portion of flexible housing tube 300, e.g., a portion of optic fiber 310 fixed to flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to apply a force to flexible housing tube 300. Illustratively, an application of a force to a portion of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to compress a portion of flexible housing tube 300. In one or more embodiments, a compression of a portion of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to cause flexible housing tube 300 to gradually curve. Illustratively, a gradual curving of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to gradually curve optic fiber 310, e.g., from a straight optic fiber 500 to an optic fiber in a first curved position 510. In one or more embodiments, a line tangent to optic fiber distal end 311 may intersect a line tangent to flexible housing tube proximal end 302 at a first angle, e.g., when optic fiber 310 comprises an optic fiber in a first curved position 510. In one or more embodiments, the first angle may comprise any angle greater than zero degrees. For example, the first angle may comprise a 45 degree angle.
FIG. 5C illustrates an optic fiber in a second curved position 520. In one or more embodiments, a compression of actuation structure 110 may be configured to gradually curve optic fiber 310 from an optic fiber in a first curved position 510 to an optic fiber in a second curved position 520. Illustratively, a compression of actuation structure 110 may be configured to rotate one or more links 170 about one or more link pins 180. In one or more embodiments, a rotation of one or more links 170 about one or more link pins 180 may be configured to extend nosecone 105 relative to handle proximal end 202. Illustratively, an extension of nosecone 105 relative to handle proximal end 202 may be configured to extend flexible housing tube 300 relative to optic fiber 310. In one or more embodiments, an extension of flexible housing tube 300 relative to optic fiber 310 may be configured to apply a force to a portion of flexible housing tube 300, e.g., a portion of optic fiber 310 fixed to flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to apply a force to flexible housing tube 300. Illustratively, an application of a force to a portion of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to compress a portion of flexible housing tube 300. In one or more embodiments, a compression of a portion of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to cause flexible housing tube 300 to gradually curve. Illustratively, a gradual curving of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to gradually curve optic fiber 310, e.g., from an optic fiber in a first curved position 510 to an optic fiber in a second curved position 520. In one or more embodiments, a line tangent to optic fiber distal end 311 may intersect a line tangent to flexible housing tube proximal end 302 at a second angle, e.g., when optic fiber 310 comprises an optic fiber in a second curved position 520. In one or more embodiments, the second angle may comprise any angle greater than the first angle. For example, the second angle may comprise a 90 degree angle.
FIG. 5D illustrates an optic fiber in a third curved position 530. In one or more embodiments, a compression of actuation structure 110 may be configured to gradually curve optic fiber 310 from an optic fiber in a second curved position 520 to an optic fiber in a third curved position 530. Illustratively, a compression of actuation structure 110 may be configured to rotate one or more links 170 about one or more link pins 180. In one or more embodiments, a rotation of one or more links 170 about one or more link pins 180 may be configured to extend nosecone 105 relative to handle proximal end 202. Illustratively, an extension of nosecone 105 relative to handle proximal end 202 may be configured to extend flexible housing tube 300 relative to optic fiber 310. In one or more embodiments, an extension of flexible housing tube 300 relative to optic fiber 310 may be configured to apply a force to a portion of flexible housing tube 300, e.g., a portion of optic fiber 310 fixed to flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to apply a force to flexible housing tube 300. Illustratively, an application of a force to a portion of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to compress a portion of flexible housing tube 300. In one or more embodiments, a compression of a portion of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to cause flexible housing tube 300 to gradually curve. Illustratively, a gradual curving of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to gradually curve optic fiber 310, e.g., from an optic fiber in a second curved position 520 to an optic fiber in a third curved position 530. In one or more embodiments, a line tangent to optic fiber distal end 311 may intersect a line tangent to flexible housing tube proximal end 302 at a third angle, e.g., when optic fiber 310 comprises an optic fiber in a third curved position 530. In one or more embodiments, the third angle may comprise any angle greater than the second angle. For example, the third angle may comprise a 135 degree angle.
FIG. 5E illustrates an optic fiber in a fourth curved position 540. In one or more embodiments, a compression of actuation structure 110 may be configured to gradually curve optic fiber 310 from an optic fiber in a third curved position 530 to an optic fiber in a fourth curved position 540. Illustratively, a compression of actuation structure 110 may be configured to rotate one or more links 170 about one or more link pins 180. In one or more embodiments, a rotation of one or more links 170 about one or more link pins 180 may be configured to extend nosecone 105 relative to handle proximal end 202. Illustratively, an extension of nosecone 105 relative to handle proximal end 202 may be configured to extend flexible housing tube 300 relative to optic fiber 310. In one or more embodiments, an extension of flexible housing tube 300 relative to optic fiber 310 may be configured to apply a force to a portion of flexible housing tube 300, e.g., a portion of optic fiber 310 fixed to flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to apply a force to flexible housing tube 300. Illustratively, an application of a force to a portion of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to compress a portion of flexible housing tube 300. In one or more embodiments, a compression of a portion of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to cause flexible housing tube 300 to gradually curve. Illustratively, a gradual curving of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to gradually curve optic fiber 310, e.g., from an optic fiber in a third curved position 530 to an optic fiber in a fourth curved position 540. In one or more embodiments, a line tangent to optic fiber distal end 311 may be parallel to a line tangent to flexible housing tube proximal end 302, e.g., when optic fiber 310 comprises an optic fiber in a fourth curved position 540.
In one or more embodiments, one or more properties of a steerable laser probe may be adjusted to attain one or more desired steerable laser probe features. Illustratively, a length that flexible housing tube distal end 301 extends from nosecone distal end 106 may be adjusted to vary an amount of compression of actuation structure 110 configured to curve flexible housing tube 300 to a particular curved position. In one or more embodiments, a stiffness of flexible housing tube 300 may be adjusted to vary an amount of compression of actuation structure 110 configured to curve flexible housing tube 300 to a particular curved position. Illustratively, flexible housing tube 300 may comprise a solid tube structure. In one or more embodiments, flexible housing tube 300 may comprise one or more apertures, e.g., configured to vary a stiffness of flexible housing tube 300. Illustratively, a material comprising flexible housing tube 300 may be adjusted to vary an amount of compression of actuation structure 110 configured to curve flexible housing tube 300 to a particular curved position. In one or more embodiments, a stiffness of flexible housing tube 300 may be adjusted to vary a bend radius of flexible housing tube 300. Illustratively, a stiffness of flexible housing tube 300 may be adjusted to vary a radius of curvature of flexible housing tube 300, e.g., when flexible housing tube 300 is in a particular curved position.
In one or more embodiments, at least a portion of optic fiber 310 may be enclosed in an optic fiber sleeve configured to, e.g., protect optic fiber 310, vary a stiffness of optic fiber 310, vary an optical property of optic fiber 310, etc. Illustratively, an optic fiber sleeve may be configured to compress a portion of flexible housing tube 300. For example, an optic fiber sleeve may be disposed over a portion of optic fiber 310 fixed within optic fiber housing 210 and the optic fiber sleeve may be disposed over a portion of optic fiber 310 fixed to a portion of flexible housing tube 300. In one or more embodiments, a compression of actuation structure 110 may be configured to extend flexible housing tube 300 relative to the optic fiber sleeve. Illustratively, an extension of flexible housing tube 300 relative to the optic fiber sleeve may cause the optic fiber sleeve to apply a force to a portion of flexible housing tube 300. Illustratively, an application of a force to a portion of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to compress a portion of flexible housing tube 300 causing flexible housing tube 300 to gradually curve.
Illustratively, optic fiber 310 may comprise a buffer, a cladding disposed in the buffer, and a core disposed in the cladding. In one or more embodiments, at least a portion of optic fiber 310 may comprise a buffer configured to protect an optical property of optic fiber 310. Illustratively, at least a portion of optic fiber 310 may comprise a buffer configured to protect an optical layer of optic fiber 310, e.g., the buffer may protect an optical layer of a curved portion of optic fiber 310. In one or more embodiments, at least a portion of optic fiber 310 may comprise a polyimide buffer configured to protect an optical property of optic fiber 310. For example, at least a portion of optic fiber 310 may comprise a Kapton buffer configured to protect an optical property of optic fiber 310.
Illustratively, a steerable laser probe may be configured to indicate, e.g., to a surgeon, a direction that optic fiber 310 may curve, e.g., due to a compression of actuation structure 110. In one or more embodiments, a portion of a steerable laser probe, e.g., handle 200, may be marked in a manner configured to indicate a direction that optic fiber 310 may curve. For example, a portion of flexible housing tube 300 may comprise a mark configured to indicate a direction that optic fiber 310 may curve. Illustratively, flexible housing tube 300 may comprise a slight curve, e.g., a curve less than 7.5 degrees, when actuation structure 110 is fully decompressed. In one or more embodiments, flexible housing tube 300 may comprise a slight curve configured to indicate a direction that optic fiber 310 may curve, e.g., due to a compression of actuation structure 110.
Illustratively, a steerable laser probe may comprise an actuation structure 110, a nosecone 105 fixed to actuation structure 110 by one or more links 170 and one or more link pins 180, a flexible housing tube 300, and an optic fiber 310. In one or more embodiments, a compression of actuation structure 110 may be configured to extend nosecone 105 relative to actuation structure proximal end 112. Illustratively, an extension of nosecone 105 relative to actuation structure proximal end 112 may be configured to extend flexible housing tube 300 relative to optic fiber 310. In one or more embodiments, an extension of flexible housing tube 300 relative to optic fiber 310 may be configured to apply a force to flexible housing tube 300. Illustratively an application of a force to flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to compress a portion of flexible housing tube 300. In one or more embodiments, a compression of a portion of flexible housing tube 300 may cause flexible housing tube 300 to gradually curve. Illustratively, a gradual curving of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to gradually curve optic fiber 310.
FIGS. 6A, 6B, 6C, 6D, and 6E are schematic diagrams illustrating a gradual straightening of an optic fiber 310. FIG. 6A illustrates a fully curved optic fiber 600. In one or more embodiments, optic fiber 310 may comprise a fully curved optic fiber 600, e.g., when flexible housing tube 300 is fully extended relative to optic fiber 310. Illustratively, optic fiber 310 may comprise a fully curved optic fiber 600, e.g., when actuation structure 110 is fully compressed. In one or more embodiments, optic fiber 310 may comprise a fully curved optic fiber 600, e.g., when nosecone 105 is fully extended relative to handle proximal end 202. Illustratively, a line tangent to optic fiber distal end 311 may be parallel to a line tangent to flexible housing tube proximal end 302, e.g., when optic fiber 310 comprises a fully curved optic fiber 600.
FIG. 6B illustrates an optic fiber in a first partially straightened position 610. In one or more embodiments, a decompression of actuation structure 110 may be configured to gradually straighten optic fiber 310 from a fully curved optic fiber 600 to an optic fiber in a first partially straightened position 610. Illustratively, a decompression of actuation structure 110 may be configured to rotate one or more links 170 about one or more link pins 180. In one or more embodiments, a rotation of one or more links 170 about one or more link pins 180 may be configured to retract nosecone 105 relative to handle proximal end 202. Illustratively, a retraction of nosecone 105 relative to handle proximal end 202 may be configured to retract flexible housing tube 300 relative to optic fiber 310. In one or more embodiments, a retraction of flexible housing tube 300 relative to optic fiber 310 may be configured to reduce a force applied to a portion of flexible housing tube 300, e.g., a portion of optic fiber 310 fixed to flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to reduce a force applied to flexible housing tube 300. Illustratively, a reduction of a force applied to a portion of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to decompress a portion of flexible housing tube 300. In one or more embodiments, a decompression of a portion of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to cause flexible housing tube 300 to gradually straighten. Illustratively, a gradual straightening of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to gradually straighten optic fiber 310, e.g., from a fully curved optic fiber 600 to an optic fiber in a first partially straightened position 610. In one or more embodiments, a line tangent to optic fiber distal end 311 may intersect a line tangent to flexible housing tube proximal end 302 at a first partially straightened angle, e.g., when optic fiber 310 comprises an optic fiber in a first partially straightened position 610. Illustratively, the first partially straightened angle may comprise any angle less than 180 degrees. For example, the first partially straightened angle may comprise a 135 degree angle.
FIG. 6C illustrates an optic fiber in a second partially straightened position 620. In one or more embodiments, a decompression of actuation structure 110 may be configured to gradually straighten optic fiber 310 from an optic fiber in a first partially straightened position 610 to an optic fiber in a second partially straightened position 620. Illustratively, a decompression of actuation structure 110 may be configured to rotate one or more links 170 about one or more link pins 180. In one or more embodiments, a rotation of one or more links 170 about one or more link pins 180 may be configured to retract nosecone 105 relative to handle proximal end 202. Illustratively, a retraction of nosecone 105 relative to handle proximal end 202 may be configured to retract flexible housing tube 300 relative to optic fiber 310. In one or more embodiments, a retraction of flexible housing tube 300 relative to optic fiber 310 may be configured to reduce a force applied to a portion of flexible housing tube 300, e.g., a portion of optic fiber 310 fixed to flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to reduce a force applied to flexible housing tube 300. Illustratively, a reduction of a force applied to a portion of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to decompress a portion of flexible housing tube 300. In one or more embodiments, a decompression of a portion of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to cause flexible housing tube 300 to gradually straighten. Illustratively, a gradual straightening of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to gradually straighten optic fiber 310, e.g., from an optic fiber in a first partially straightened position 610 to an optic fiber in a second partially straightened position 620. In one or more embodiments, a line tangent to optic fiber distal end 311 may intersect a line tangent to flexible housing tube proximal end 302 at a second partially straightened angle, e.g., when optic fiber 310 comprises an optic fiber in a second partially straightened position 620. Illustratively, the second partially straightened angle may comprise any angle less than the first partially straightened angle. For example, the second partially straightened angle may comprise a 90 degree angle.
FIG. 6D illustrates an optic fiber in a third partially straightened position 630. In one or more embodiments, a decompression of actuation structure 110 may be configured to gradually straighten optic fiber 310 from an optic fiber in a second partially straightened position 620 to an optic fiber in a third partially straightened position 630. Illustratively, a decompression of actuation structure 110 may be configured to rotate one or more links 170 about one or more link pins 180. In one or more embodiments, a rotation of one or more links 170 about one or more link pins 180 may be configured to retract nosecone 105 relative to handle proximal end 202. Illustratively, a retraction of nosecone 105 relative to handle proximal end 202 may be configured to retract flexible housing tube 300 relative to optic fiber 310. In one or more embodiments, a retraction of flexible housing tube 300 relative to optic fiber 310 may be configured to reduce a force applied to a portion of flexible housing tube 300, e.g., a portion of optic fiber 310 fixed to flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to reduce a force applied to flexible housing tube 300. Illustratively, a reduction of a force applied to a portion of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to decompress a portion of flexible housing tube 300. In one or more embodiments, a decompression of a portion of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to cause flexible housing tube 300 to gradually straighten. Illustratively, a gradual straightening of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to gradually straighten optic fiber 310, e.g., from an optic fiber in a second partially straightened position 620 to an optic fiber in a third partially straightened position 630. In one or more embodiments, a line tangent to optic fiber distal end 311 may intersect a line tangent to flexible housing tube proximal end 302 at a third partially straightened angle, e.g., when optic fiber 310 comprises an optic fiber in a third partially straightened position 630. Illustratively, the third partially straightened angle may comprise any angle less than the second partially straightened angle. For example, the third partially straightened angle may comprise a 45 degree angle.
FIG. 6E illustrates an optic fiber in a fully straightened position 640. In one or more embodiments, a decompression of actuation structure 110 may be configured to gradually straighten optic fiber 310 from an optic fiber in a third partially straightened position 630 to an optic fiber in a fully straightened position 640. Illustratively, a decompression of actuation structure 110 may be configured to rotate one or more links 170 about one or more link pins 180. In one or more embodiments, a rotation of one or more links 170 about one or more link pins 180 may be configured to retract nosecone 105 relative to handle proximal end 202. Illustratively, a retraction of nosecone 105 relative to handle proximal end 202 may be configured to retract flexible housing tube 300 relative to optic fiber 310. In one or more embodiments, a retraction of flexible housing tube 300 relative to optic fiber 310 may be configured to reduce a force applied to a portion of flexible housing tube 300, e.g., a portion of optic fiber 310 fixed to flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to reduce a force applied to flexible housing tube 300. Illustratively, a reduction of a force applied to a portion of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to decompress a portion of flexible housing tube 300. In one or more embodiments, a decompression of a portion of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to cause flexible housing tube 300 to gradually straighten. Illustratively, a gradual straightening of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to gradually straighten optic fiber 310, e.g., from an optic fiber in a third partially straightened position 630 to an optic fiber in a fully straightened position 640. In one or more embodiments, a line tangent to optic fiber distal end 311 may be parallel to a line tangent to flexible housing tube proximal end 302, e.g., when optic fiber 310 comprises an optic fiber in a fully straightened position 640.
Illustratively, a surgeon may aim optic fiber distal end 311 at any of a plurality of targets within an eye, e.g., to perform a photocoagulation procedure, to illuminate a surgical target site, etc. For example, a surgeon may aim optic fiber distal end 311 at any of a plurality of targets within a human eye, e.g., to perform a photocoagulation procedure, to illuminate a surgical target site, etc. In one or more embodiments, a surgeon may aim optic fiber distal end 311 at any target within a particular transverse plane of the inner eye by, e.g., rotating handle 200 to orient flexible housing tube 300 in an orientation configured to cause a curvature of flexible housing tube 300 within the particular transverse plane of the inner eye and varying an amount of compression of actuation structure 110. Illustratively, a surgeon may aim optic fiber distal end 311 at any target within a particular sagittal plane of the inner eye by, e.g., rotating handle 200 to orient flexible housing tube 300 in an orientation configured to cause a curvature of flexible housing tube 300 within the particular sagittal plane of the inner eye and varying an amount of compression of actuation structure 110. In one or more embodiments, a surgeon may aim optic fiber distal end 311 at any target within a particular frontal plane of the inner eye by, e.g., varying an amount of actuation of compression of actuation structure 110 to orient a line tangent to optic fiber distal end 311 wherein the line tangent to optic fiber distal end 311 is within the particular frontal plane of the inner eye and rotating handle 200. Illustratively, a surgeon may aim optic fiber distal end 311 at any target located outside of the particular transverse plane, the particular sagittal plane, and the particular frontal plane of the inner eye, e.g., by varying a rotational orientation of handle 200 and varying an amount of compression of actuation structure 110. In one or more embodiments, a surgeon may aim optic fiber distal end 311 at any target of a plurality of targets within an eye, e.g., without increasing a length of a portion of a steerable laser probe within the eye. Illustratively, a surgeon may aim optic fiber distal end 311 at any target of a plurality of targets within an eye, e.g., without decreasing a length of a portion of a steerable laser probe within the eye.
FIGS. 7A and 7B are schematic diagrams illustrating a handle 700. FIG. 7A illustrates a side view of a handle 700. Illustratively, handle 700 may comprise a handle distal end 701 and a handle proximal end 702. In one or more embodiments, a portion of nosecone 105 may be fixed to a portion of actuation structure 110, e.g., nosecone proximal end 107 may be fixed to actuation structure distal end 111. Illustratively, nosecone 105 may be fixed to actuation structure 110, e.g., by one or more links 170. In one or more embodiments, one or more link pins 180 may be configured to fix nosecone 105 to one or more links 170, e.g., a particular link pin 180 may be disposed within nosecone 105 and a particular link 170. Illustratively, one or more link pins 180 may be configured to fix actuation structure 110 to one or more links 170, e.g., a particular link pin 180 may be disposed within actuation structure 110 and a particular link 170. In one or more embodiments, a first link pin 180 may be configured to fix nosecone 105 to a particular link 170 and a second link pin 180 may be configured to fix actuation structure 110 to the particular link 175. Illustratively, one or more spacers 175 may be configured to prevent undesirable movement of one or more links 170 relative to one or more link pins 180, e.g., a particular spacer 175 may be disposed over a portion of a particular link pin 180 extending from a particular link 170.
In one or more embodiments, a portion of inner hypodermic tube 140 may be disposed within piston 150, e.g., inner hypodermic tube proximal end 142 may be disposed within piston 150. Illustratively, a portion of inner hypodermic tube 140 may be fixed within piston 150, e.g., by an adhesive or any suitable fixation means. In one or more embodiments, inner hypodermic tube proximal end 142 may be fixed within piston 150, e.g., by an adhesive or any suitable fixation means. Illustratively, actuation guide 130 may be disposed within outer sleeve 120. In one or more embodiments, actuation guide 130 may be fixed within outer sleeve 120, e.g., by an adhesive or any suitable fixation means. Illustratively, piston 150 may be disposed within actuation guide 130. In one or more embodiments, piston 150 may be configured to actuate within actuation guide 130.
In one or more embodiments, distal ring 116 may be disposed over a portion of front plug 115. Illustratively, front plug 115 may be configured to interface with a portion of outer sleeve 120, e.g., front plug 115 may be configured to interface with outer sleeve distal end 121. In one or more embodiments, front plug 115 may be configured to interface with a portion of actuation guide 130, e.g., front plug 115 may be configured to interface with actuation guide distal end 131. Illustratively, front plug 115 may be disposed within outer sleeve 120. In one or more embodiments, a portion of front plug 115 may be disposed within actuation guide 130. Illustratively, distal ring 116 may be disposed within actuation guide 130, e.g., distal ring 116 may be configured to form a hermetic seal within actuation guide 130.
In one or more embodiments, proximal ring 117 may be disposed over a portion of end plug 160. Illustratively, end plug 160 may be configured to interface with a portion of outer sleeve 120, e.g., end plug 160 may be configured to interface with outer sleeve proximal end 122. In one or more embodiments, end plug 160 may be configured to interface with a portion of actuation guide 130, e.g., end plug 160 may be configured to interface with actuation guide proximal end 132. For example, a portion of end plug 160 may be disposed within actuation guide 130. Illustratively, proximal ring 117 may be disposed within actuation guide 130, e.g., proximal ring 117 may be configured to form a hermetic seal within actuation guide 130. In one or more embodiments, end plug 160 may be disposed within outer sleeve 120. Illustratively, inner hypodermic tube 140 may be disposed within piston 150, actuation guide 130, front plug 115, distal ring 116, and nosecone 105. In one or more embodiments, a portion of inner hypodermic tube 140 may be fixed within nosecone 105, e.g., inner hypodermic tube distal end 141 may be fixed within nosecone 105. Illustratively, a portion of inner hypodermic tube 140 may be fixed within nosecone 105, e.g., by an adhesive or any suitable fixation means.
In one or more embodiments, a compression of actuation structure 110 may be configured to rotate one or more links 170 about one or more link pins 180. Illustratively, a rotation of one or more links 170 about one or more link pins 180 may be configured to extend a particular link pin 180, e.g., a particular link pin 180 disposed in nosecone 105, relative to handle proximal end 702. In one or more embodiments, an extension of a particular link pin 180 disposed in nosecone 105 relative to handle proximal end 702 may be configured to extend nosecone 105 relative to handle proximal end 702. Illustratively, a compression of actuation structure 110 may be configured to extend nosecone 105 relative to handle proximal end 702. In one or more embodiments, an extension of nosecone 105 relative to handle proximal end 702 may be configured to extend inner hypodermic tube 140 relative to handle proximal end 702. Illustratively, an extension of inner hypodermic tube 140 relative to handle proximal end 702 may be configured to actuate piston 150 within actuation guide 130. In one or more embodiments, a compression of actuation structure 110 may be configured to extend piston 150 relative to handle proximal end 702.
In one or more embodiments, a decompression of action structure 110 may be configured to rotate one or more links 170 about one or more link pins 180. Illustratively, a rotation of one or more links 170 about one or more link pins 180 may be configured to retract a particular link pin 180, e.g., a particular link pin 180 disposed in nosecone 105, relative to handle proximal end 702. In one or more embodiments, a retraction of a particular link pin 180 disposed in nosecone 105 relative to handle proximal end 702 may be configured to retract nosecone 105 relative to handle proximal end 702. Illustratively, a decompression of actuation structure 110 may be configured to retract nosecone 105 relative to handle proximal end 702. In one or more embodiments, a retraction of nosecone 105 relative to handle proximal end 702 may be configured to retract inner hypodermic tube 140 relative to handle proximal end 702. Illustratively, a retraction of inner hypodermic tube 140 relative to handle proximal end 702 may be configured to actuate piston 150 within actuation guide 130. In one or more embodiments, a decompression of actuation structure 110 may be configured to retract piston 150 relative to handle proximal end 702.
FIG. 7B illustrates a cross-sectional view of a handle 700. In one or more embodiments, handle 700 may comprise a cable housing 710, an inner bore 220, an optic fiber guide 230, and a flexible housing tube housing 240. Illustratively, handle 700 may be manufactured from any suitable material, e.g., polymers, metals, metal alloys, etc., or from any combination of suitable materials.
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram illustrating a flexible housing tube 300. Illustratively, flexible housing tube 300 may comprise a flexible housing tube distal end 301 and a flexible housing tube proximal end 302. Flexible housing tube 300 may be manufactured from any suitable material, e.g., polymers, metals, metal alloys, etc., or from any combination of suitable materials. Illustratively, flexible housing tube 300 may comprise a shape memory material, e.g., Nitinol. In one or more embodiments, flexible housing tube 300 may be manufactured from a material having an ultimate tensile strength between 700 and 1000 MPa. Illustratively, flexible housing tube 300 may be manufactured from a material having ultimate tensile strength less than 700 MPa or greater than 1000 MPa. In one or more embodiments, flexible housing tube 300 may be manufactured from a material having a modulus of elasticity between 30 and 80 GPa. Illustratively, flexible housing tube 300 may be manufactured from a material having a modulus of elasticity less than 30 GPa or greater than 80 GPa.
In one or more embodiments, flexible housing tube 300 may be manufactured with dimensions suitable for performing microsurgical procedures, e.g., ophthalmic surgical procedures. Illustratively, flexible housing tube 300 may be manufactured at gauge sizes commonly used in ophthalmic surgical procedures, e.g., 23 gauge, 25 gauge, etc. In one or more embodiments, flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to be inserted in a cannula, e.g., a cannula used during an ophthalmic surgical procedure. For example, one or more properties of flexible housing tube 300 may be optimized to reduce friction as flexible housing tube 300 is inserted into a cannula. In one or more embodiments, one or more properties of flexible housing tube 300 may be optimized to reduce friction as flexible housing tube 300 is removed from a cannula. Illustratively, flexible housing tube 300 may have an ultimate tensile strength between 1000 MPa and 1100 MPa. In one or more embodiments, flexible housing tube 300 may have an ultimate tensile strength less than 1000 MPa or greater than 1100 MPa.
In one or more embodiments, an optic fiber 310 may be disposed within flexible housing tube 300. Illustratively, optic fiber 310 may comprise an optic fiber distal end 311 and an optic fiber proximal end 312. In one or more embodiments, optic fiber 310 may be configured to transmit light, e.g., laser light. Illustratively, optic fiber 310 may be disposed within flexible housing tube 300 wherein optic fiber distal end 311 may be adjacent to flexible housing tube distal end 301. In one or more embodiments, a portion of optic fiber 310 may be fixed to a portion of flexible housing tube 300, e.g., by an adhesive or any suitable fixation means.
Illustratively, a cable 810 may be disposed within flexible housing tube 300. In one or more embodiments, cable 810 may comprise a cable distal end 811 and a cable proximal end 812. Illustratively, cable 810 may be disposed within flexible housing tube 300 wherein cable distal end 811 may be adjacent to flexible housing tube distal end 301. In one or more embodiments, a portion of cable 810 may be fixed to a portion of flexible housing tube 300, e.g., by an adhesive or any suitable fixation means. For example, cable 810 may be fixed to a portion of flexible housing tube 300 by a weld, a mechanical means, a tie, etc.
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram illustrating an exploded view of a steerable laser probe assembly 900. Illustratively, a steerable laser probe assembly 900 may comprise a handle 700, a flexible housing tube 300 having a flexible housing tube distal end 301 and a flexible housing tube proximal end 302, an optic fiber 310 having an optic fiber distal end 311 and an optic fiber proximal end 312, a cable 810 having a cable distal end 811 and a cable proximal end 812, and a light source interface 410. Illustratively, light source interface 410 may be configured to interface with optic fiber 310, e.g., at optic fiber proximal end 312. In one or more embodiments, light source interface 410 may comprise a standard light source connecter, e.g., an SMA connector.
Illustratively, a portion of flexible housing tube 300 may be fixed to nosecone 105, e.g., flexible housing tube proximal end 302 may be fixed to nosecone distal end 106. In one or more embodiments, a portion of flexible housing tube 300 may be fixed to nosecone 105, e.g., by an adhesive or any suitable fixation means. Illustratively, a portion of flexible housing tube 300 may be disposed within nosecone 105, e.g., flexible housing tube proximal end 302 may be disposed within nosecone 105. In one or more embodiments, a portion of flexible housing tube 300 may be fixed within nosecone 105, e.g., by an adhesive or any suitable fixation means. Illustratively, a portion of flexible housing tube 300 may be disposed within flexible housing tube housing 240, e.g., flexible housing tube proximal end 302 may be disposed within flexible housing tube housing 240. In one or more embodiments, a portion of flexible housing tube 300 may be fixed within flexible housing tube housing 240, e.g., by an adhesive or any suitable fixation means. For example, a portion of flexible housing tube 300 may be fixed within flexible housing tube housing 240 by a press fit, a weld, etc.
Illustratively, optic fiber 310 may be disposed within inner bore 220, optic fiber guide 230, piston 150, inner hypodermic tube 140, nosecone 105, and flexible housing tube 300. In one or more embodiments, optic fiber 310 may be disposed within flexible housing tube 300 wherein optic fiber distal end 311 is adjacent to flexible housing tube distal end 301. In one or more embodiments, a portion of optic fiber 310 may be fixed to a portion of flexible housing tube 300, e.g., by an adhesive or any suitable fixation means.
Illustratively, cable 810 may be disposed within cable housing 710, optic fiber guide 230, piston 150, inner hypodermic tube 140, nosecone 105, and flexible housing tube 300. In one or more embodiment, cable 810 may be disposed within flexible housing tube 300 wherein cable distal end 811 may be adjacent to flexible housing tube distal end 301. In one or more embodiments, a portion of cable 810 may be fixed to a portion of flexible housing tube 300, e.g., by an adhesive or any suitable fixation means. For example, cable 810 may be fixed to a portion of flexible housing tube 300 by a weld, a mechanical means, a tie, etc. Illustratively, a portion of cable 810 may be fixed in cable housing 710, e.g., cable proximal end 812 may be fixed in cable housing 710. In one or more embodiments, a portion of cable 810 may be fixed in cable housing 710, e.g., by an adhesive or any suitable fixation means. For example, a portion of cable 810 may be fixed in cable housing 710 by a press fit, a weld, a tie, etc. Illustratively, cable 810 may be fixed in cable housing 710 and cable 810 may be fixed to a portion of flexible housing tube 300. Cable 810 may be manufactured from any suitable material, e.g., polymers, metals, metal alloys, etc., or from any combination of suitable materials.
In one or more embodiments, a compression of actuation structure 110 may be configured to rotate one or more links 170 about one or more link pins 180. Illustratively, a rotation of one or more links 170 about one or more link pins 180 may be configured to extend nosecone 105 relative to handle proximal end 702. In one or more embodiments, an extension of nosecone 105 relative to handle proximal end 702 may be configured to extend flexible housing tube 300 relative to handle proximal end 702. Illustratively, an extension of flexible housing tube 300 relative to handle proximal end 702 may be configured to extend flexible housing tube 300 relative to cable 810. In one or more embodiments, a portion of cable 810, e.g., a portion of cable 810 fixed to flexible housing tube 300, may be configured to resist an extension of flexible housing tube 300 relative to cable 810. Illustratively, cable 810 may be fixed within cable housing 710 and cable 810 may be fixed to flexible housing tube 300. In one or more embodiments, an extension of flexible housing tube 300 relative to cable 810 may be configured to apply a force to a portion of flexible housing tube 300. Illustratively, an application of a force to a portion of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to compress a portion of flexible housing tube 300. In one or more embodiments, a compression of a portion of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to cause flexible housing tube 300 to gradually curve. Illustratively, a gradual curving of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to gradually curve optic fiber 310. In one or more embodiments, a compression of actuation structure 110 may be configured to gradually curve optic fiber 310. Illustratively, a compression of actuation structure 110 may be configured to gradually curve flexible housing tube 300.
In one or more embodiments, a decompression of actuation structure 110 may be configured to rotate one or more links 170 about one or more link pins 180. Illustratively, a rotation of one or more links 170 about one or more link pins 180 may be configured to retract nosecone 105 relative to handle proximal end 702. In one or more embodiments, a refraction of nosecone 105 relative to handle proximal end 702 may be configured to retract flexible housing tube 300 relative to handle proximal end 702. Illustratively, a retraction of flexible housing tube 300 relative to handle proximal end 702 may be configured to retract flexible housing tube 300 relative to cable 810. In one or more embodiments, a portion of cable 810, e.g., a portion of cable 810 fixed to flexible housing tube 300, may be configured to facilitate a retraction of flexible housing tube 300 relative to cable 810. Illustratively, cable 810 may be fixed within cable housing 710 and cable 810 may be fixed to flexible housing tube 300. In one or more embodiments, a retraction of flexible housing tube 300 relative to cable 810 may be configured to reduce a force applied to a portion of flexible housing tube 300. Illustratively, a reduction of a force applied to a portion of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to decompress a portion of flexible housing tube 300. In one or more embodiments, a decompression of a portion of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to cause flexible housing tube 300 to gradually straighten. Illustratively, a gradual straightening of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to gradually straighten optic fiber 310. In one or more embodiments, a decompression of actuation structure 110 may be configured to gradually straighten optic fiber 310. Illustratively, a decompression of actuation structure 110 may be configured to gradually straighten flexible housing tube 300.
FIGS. 10A, 10B, 10C, 10D, and 10E are schematic diagrams illustrating a gradual curving of an optic fiber 310. FIG. 10A illustrates a straight optic fiber 1000. In one or more embodiments, optic fiber 310 may comprise a straight optic fiber 1000, e.g., when flexible housing tube 300 is fully retracted relative to cable 810. Illustratively, optic fiber 310 may comprise a straight optic fiber 1000, e.g., when actuation structure 110 is fully decompressed. In one or more embodiments, optic fiber 310 may comprise a straight optic fiber 1000, e.g., when nosecone 105 is fully retracted relative to handle proximal end 702. Illustratively, a line tangent to optic fiber distal end 311 may be parallel to a line tangent to flexible housing tube proximal end 302, e.g., when optic fiber 310 comprises a straight optic fiber 1000.
FIG. 10B illustrates an optic fiber in a first curved position 1010. In one or more embodiments, a compression of actuation structure 110 may be configured to gradually curve optic fiber 310 from a straight optic fiber 1000 to an optic fiber in a first curved position 1010. Illustratively, a compression of actuation structure 110 may be configured to rotate one or more links 170 about one or more link pins 180. In one or more embodiments, a rotation of one or more links 170 about one or more link pins 180 may be configured to extend nosecone 105 relative to handle proximal end 702. Illustratively, an extension of nosecone 105 relative to handle proximal end 702 may be configured to extend flexible housing tube 300 relative to cable 810. In one or more embodiments, an extension of flexible housing tube 300 relative to cable 810 may be configured to apply a force to a portion of flexible housing tube 300, e.g., a portion of cable 810 fixed to flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to apply a force to flexible housing tube 300. Illustratively, an application of a force to a portion of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to compress a portion of flexible housing tube 300. In one or more embodiments, a compression of a portion of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to cause flexible housing tube 300 to gradually curve. Illustratively, a gradual curving of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to gradually curve optic fiber 310, e.g., from a straight optic fiber 1000 to an optic fiber in a first curved position 1010. In one or more embodiments, a line tangent to optic fiber distal end 311 may intersect a line tangent to flexible housing tube proximal end 302 at a first angle, e.g., when optic fiber 310 comprises an optic fiber in a first curved position 1010. In one or more embodiments, the first angle may comprise any angle greater than zero degrees. For example, the first angle may comprise a 45 degree angle.
FIG. 10C illustrates an optic fiber in a second curved position 1020. In one or more embodiments, a compression of actuation structure 110 may be configured to gradually curve optic fiber 310 from an optic fiber in a first curved position 1010 to an optic fiber in a second curved position 1020. Illustratively, a compression of actuation structure 110 may be configured to rotate one or more links 170 about one or more link pins 180. In one or more embodiments, a rotation of one or more links 170 about one or more link pins 180 may be configured to extend nosecone 105 relative to handle proximal end 702. Illustratively, an extension of nosecone 105 relative to handle proximal end 702 may be configured to extend flexible housing tube 300 relative to cable 810. In one or more embodiments, an extension of flexible housing tube 300 relative to cable 810 may be configured to apply a force to a portion of flexible housing tube 300, e.g., a portion of cable 810 fixed to flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to apply a force to flexible housing tube 300. Illustratively, an application of a force to a portion of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to compress a portion of flexible housing tube 300. In one or more embodiments, a compression of a portion of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to cause flexible housing tube 300 to gradually curve. Illustratively, a gradual curving of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to gradually curve optic fiber 310, e.g., from an optic fiber in a first curved position 1010 to an optic fiber in a second curved position 1020. In one or more embodiments, a line tangent to optic fiber distal end 311 may intersect a line tangent to flexible housing tube proximal end 302 at a second angle, e.g., when optic fiber 310 comprises an optic fiber in a second curved position 1020. In one or more embodiments, the second angle may comprise any angle greater than the first angle. For example, the second angle may comprise a 90 degree angle.
FIG. 10D illustrates an optic fiber in a third curved position 1030. In one or more embodiments, a compression of actuation structure 110 may be configured to gradually curve optic fiber 310 from an optic fiber in a second curved position 1020 to an optic fiber in a third curved position 1030. Illustratively, a compression of actuation structure 110 may be configured to rotate one or more links 170 about one or more link pins 180. In one or more embodiments, a rotation of one or more links 170 about one or more link pins 180 may be configured to extend nosecone 105 relative to handle proximal end 702. Illustratively, an extension of nosecone 105 relative to handle proximal end 702 may be configured to extend flexible housing tube 300 relative to cable 810. In one or more embodiments, an extension of flexible housing tube 300 relative to cable 810 may be configured to apply a force to a portion of flexible housing tube 300, e.g., a portion of cable 810 fixed to flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to apply a force to flexible housing tube 300. Illustratively, an application of a force to a portion of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to compress a portion of flexible housing tube 300. In one or more embodiments, a compression of a portion of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to cause flexible housing tube 300 to gradually curve. Illustratively, a gradual curving of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to gradually curve optic fiber 310, e.g., from an optic fiber in a second curved position 1020 to an optic fiber in a third curved position 1030. In one or more embodiments, a line tangent to optic fiber distal end 311 may intersect a line tangent to flexible housing tube proximal end 302 at a third angle, e.g., when optic fiber 310 comprises an optic fiber in a third curved position 1030. In one or more embodiments, the third angle may comprise any angle greater than the second angle. For example, the third angle may comprise a 135 degree angle.
FIG. 10E illustrates an optic fiber in a fourth curved position 1040. In one or more embodiments, a compression of actuation structure 110 may be configured to gradually curve optic fiber 310 from an optic fiber in a third curved position 1030 to an optic fiber in a fourth curved position 1040. Illustratively, a compression of actuation structure 110 may be configured to rotate one or more links 170 about one or more link pins 180. In one or more embodiments, a rotation of one or more links 170 about one or more link pins 180 may be configured to extend nosecone 105 relative to handle proximal end 702. Illustratively, an extension of nosecone 105 relative to handle proximal end 702 may be configured to extend flexible housing tube 300 relative to cable 810. In one or more embodiments, an extension of flexible housing tube 300 relative to cable 810 may be configured to apply a force to a portion of flexible housing tube 300, e.g., a portion of cable 810 fixed to flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to apply a force to flexible housing tube 300. Illustratively, an application of a force to a portion of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to compress a portion of flexible housing tube 300. In one or more embodiments, a compression of a portion of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to cause flexible housing tube 300 to gradually curve. Illustratively, a gradual curving of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to gradually curve optic fiber 310, e.g., from an optic fiber in a third curved position 1030 to an optic fiber in a fourth curved position 1040. In one or more embodiments, a line tangent to optic fiber distal end 311 may be parallel to a line tangent to flexible housing tube proximal end 302, e.g., when optic fiber 310 comprises an optic fiber in a fourth curved position 1040.
In one or more embodiments, one or more properties of a steerable laser probe may be adjusted to attain one or more desired steerable laser probe features. Illustratively, a length that flexible housing tube distal end 301 extends from nosecone distal end 106 may be adjusted to vary an amount of compression of actuation structure 110 configured to curve flexible housing tube 300 to a particular curved position. In one or more embodiments, a stiffness of flexible housing tube 300 may be adjusted to vary an amount of compression of actuation structure 110 configured to curve flexible housing tube 300 to a particular curved position. Illustratively, flexible housing tube 300 may comprise a solid tube structure. In one or more embodiments, flexible housing tube 300 may comprise one or more apertures, e.g., configured to vary a stiffness of flexible housing tube 300. Illustratively, a material comprising flexible housing tube 300 may be adjusted to vary an amount of compression of actuation structure 110 configured to curve flexible housing tube 300 to a particular curved position. In one or more embodiments, a stiffness of flexible housing tube 300 may be adjusted to vary a bend radius of flexible housing tube 300. Illustratively, a stiffness of flexible housing tube 300 may be adjusted to vary a radius of curvature of flexible housing tube 300, e.g., when flexible housing tube 300 is in a particular curved position.
In one or more embodiments, at least a portion of optic fiber 310 may be enclosed in an optic fiber sleeve configured to, e.g., protect optic fiber 310, vary a stiffness of optic fiber 310, vary an optical property of optic fiber 310, etc. Illustratively, optic fiber 310 may comprise a buffer, a cladding disposed in the buffer, and a core disposed in the cladding. In one or more embodiments, at least a portion of optic fiber 310 may comprise a buffer configured to protect an optical property of optic fiber 310. Illustratively, at least a portion of optic fiber 310 may comprise a buffer configured to protect an optical layer of optic fiber 310, e.g., the buffer may protect an optical layer of a curved portion of optic fiber 310. In one or more embodiments, at least a portion of optic fiber 310 may comprise a polyimide buffer configured to protect an optical property of optic fiber 310. For example, at least a portion of optic fiber 310 may comprise a Kapton buffer configured to protect an optical property of optic fiber 310.
In one or more embodiments, a location wherein cable 810 may be fixed to flexible housing tube 300 may be adjusted to vary an amount of compression of actuation structure 110 configured to curve flexible housing tube 300 to a particular curved position. For example, a portion of cable 810 may be fixed to an outer portion of flexible housing tube 300. Illustratively, cable 810 may be fixed to flexible housing tube 300 at a plurality of fixation points, e.g., to vary one or more properties of a steerable laser probe. In one or more embodiments, a length of cable 810 may be adjusted to vary an amount of compression of actuation structure 110 configured to curve flexible housing tube 300 to a particular curved position. Illustratively, a steerable laser probe may comprise one or more redundant cables 810. In one or more embodiments, one or more redundant cables 810 may be configured to maintain a particular curved position of flexible housing tube 300, e.g., in the event that cable 810 breaks or fails. Illustratively, one or more redundant cables 810 may be configured to maintain a particular curved position of flexible housing tube 300, e.g., in the event that a cable 810 fixation means fails. In one or more embodiments, one or more redundant cables 810 may be configured to maintain a particular curved position of flexible housing tube 300, e.g., in the event that cable 810 is no longer configured to maintain the particular curved position of flexible housing tube 300. Illustratively, one or more redundant cables 810 may be configured to maintain a particular curved position of flexible housing tube 300 wherein cable 810 is also configured to maintain the particular curved position of flexible housing tube 300.
In one or more embodiments, flexible housing tube 300 may comprise an access window configured to allow access to a portion cable 810. Illustratively, cable 810 may be fixed to a portion of flexible housing tube 300, e.g., by looping a portion of cable 810 through an aperture in flexible housing tube 300. In one or more embodiments, cable 810 may be fixed to a portion of flexible housing tube 300, e.g., by a purely mechanical means. For example, cable 810 may be fixed to a portion of flexible housing tube 300 in a manner other than by an adhesive, a weld, etc. Illustratively, cable 810 may be fixed to a portion of flexible housing tube 300 wherein a portion of cable 810 is configured to fail at a first applied failure force and a fixation means that fixes a portion of cable 810 to a portion of flexible housing tube 300 is configured to fail at a second applied failure force. In one or more embodiments, the second applied failure force may be greater than the first applied failure force.
Illustratively, a steerable laser probe may be configured to indicate, e.g., to a surgeon, a direction that optic fiber 310 may curve, e.g., due to a compression of actuation structure 110. In one or more embodiments, a portion of a steerable laser probe, e.g., handle 700, may be marked in a manner configured to indicate a direction that optic fiber 310 may curve. For example, a portion of flexible housing tube 300 may comprise a mark configured to indicate a direction that optic fiber 310 may curve. Illustratively, flexible housing tube 300 may comprise a slight curve, e.g., a curve less than 7.5 degrees, when actuation structure 110 is fully decompressed. In one or more embodiments, flexible housing tube 300 may comprise a slight curve configured to indicate a direction that optic fiber 310 may curve, e.g., due to a compression of actuation structure 110.
Illustratively, a steerable laser probe may comprise an actuation structure 110, a nosecone 105 fixed to actuation structure 110 by one or more links 170 and one or more link pins 180, a flexible housing tube 300, an optic fiber 310, and a cable 810. In one or more embodiments, a compression of actuation structure 110 may be configured to extend nosecone 105 relative to actuation structure proximal end 112. Illustratively, an extension of nosecone 105 relative to actuation structure proximal end 112 may be configured to extend flexible housing tube 300 relative to cable 810. In one or more embodiments, an extension of flexible housing tube 300 relative to cable 810 may be configured to apply a force to flexible housing tube 300. Illustratively an application of a force to flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to compress a portion of flexible housing tube 300. In one or more embodiments, a compression of a portion of flexible housing tube 300 may cause flexible housing tube 300 to gradually curve. Illustratively, a gradual curving of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to gradually curve optic fiber 310.
FIGS. 11A, 11B, 11C, 11D, and 11E are schematic diagrams illustrating a gradual straightening of an optic fiber 310. FIG. 11A illustrates a fully curved optic fiber 1100. In one or more embodiments, optic fiber 310 may comprise a fully curved optic fiber 1100, e.g., when flexible housing tube 300 is fully extended relative to cable 810. Illustratively, optic fiber 310 may comprise a fully curved optic fiber 1100, e.g., when actuation structure 110 is fully compressed. In one or more embodiments, optic fiber 310 may comprise a fully curved optic fiber 1100, e.g., when nosecone 105 is fully extended relative to handle proximal end 702. Illustratively, a line tangent to optic fiber distal end 311 may be parallel to a line tangent to flexible housing tube proximal end 302, e.g., when optic fiber 310 comprises a fully curved optic fiber 1100.
FIG. 11B illustrates an optic fiber in a first partially straightened position 1110. In one or more embodiments, a decompression of actuation structure 110 may be configured to gradually straighten optic fiber 310 from a fully curved optic fiber 1100 to an optic fiber in a first partially straightened position 1110. Illustratively, a decompression of actuation structure 110 may be configured to rotate one or more links 170 about one or more link pins 180. In one or more embodiments, a rotation of one or more links 170 about one or more link pins 180 may be configured to retract nosecone 105 relative to handle proximal end 702. Illustratively, a retraction of nosecone 105 relative to handle proximal end 702 may be configured to retract flexible housing tube 300 relative to cable 810. In one or more embodiments, a retraction of flexible housing tube 300 relative to cable 810 may be configured to reduce a force applied to a portion of flexible housing tube 300, e.g., a portion of cable 810 fixed to flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to reduce a force applied to flexible housing tube 300. Illustratively, a reduction of a force applied to a portion of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to decompress a portion of flexible housing tube 300. In one or more embodiments, a decompression of a portion of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to cause flexible housing tube 300 to gradually straighten. Illustratively, a gradual straightening of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to gradually straighten optic fiber 310, e.g., from a fully curved optic fiber 1100 to an optic fiber in a first partially straightened position 1110. In one or more embodiments, a line tangent to optic fiber distal end 311 may intersect a line tangent to flexible housing tube proximal end 302 at a first partially straightened angle, e.g., when optic fiber 310 comprises an optic fiber in a first partially straightened position 1110. Illustratively, the first partially straightened angle may comprise any angle less than 180 degrees. For example, the first partially straightened angle may comprise a 135 degree angle.
FIG. 11C illustrates an optic fiber in a second partially straightened position 1120. In one or more embodiments, a decompression of actuation structure 110 may be configured to gradually straighten optic fiber 310 from an optic fiber in a first partially straightened position 1110 to an optic fiber in a second partially straightened position 1120. Illustratively, a decompression of actuation structure 110 may be configured to rotate one or more links 170 about one or more link pins 180. In one or more embodiments, a rotation of one or more links 170 about one or more link pins 180 may be configured to retract nosecone 105 relative to handle proximal end 702. Illustratively, a retraction of nosecone 105 relative to handle proximal end 702 may be configured to retract flexible housing tube 300 relative to cable 810. In one or more embodiments, a retraction of flexible housing tube 300 relative to cable 810 may be configured to reduce a force applied to a portion of flexible housing tube 300, e.g., a portion of cable 810 fixed to flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to reduce a force applied to flexible housing tube 300. Illustratively, a reduction of a force applied to a portion of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to decompress a portion of flexible housing tube 300. In one or more embodiments, a decompression of a portion of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to cause flexible housing tube 300 to gradually straighten. Illustratively, a gradual straightening of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to gradually straighten optic fiber 310, e.g., from an optic fiber in a first partially straightened position 1110 to an optic fiber in a second partially straightened position 1120. In one or more embodiments, a line tangent to optic fiber distal end 311 may intersect a line tangent to flexible housing tube proximal end 302 at a second partially straightened angle, e.g., when optic fiber 310 comprises an optic fiber in a second partially straightened position 1120. Illustratively, the second partially straightened angle may comprise any angle less than the first partially straightened angle. For example, the second partially straightened angle may comprise a 90 degree angle.
FIG. 11D illustrates an optic fiber in a third partially straightened position 1130. In one or more embodiments, a decompression of actuation structure 110 may be configured to gradually straighten optic fiber 310 from an optic fiber in a second partially straightened position 1120 to an optic fiber in a third partially straightened position 1130. Illustratively, a decompression of actuation structure 110 may be configured to rotate one or more links 170 about one or more link pins 180. In one or more embodiments, a rotation of one or more links 170 about one or more link pins 180 may be configured to retract nosecone 105 relative to handle proximal end 702. Illustratively, a retraction of nosecone 105 relative to handle proximal end 702 may be configured to retract flexible housing tube 300 relative to cable 810. In one or more embodiments, a retraction of flexible housing tube 300 relative to cable 810 may be configured to reduce a force applied to a portion of flexible housing tube 300, e.g., a portion of cable 810 fixed to flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to reduce a force applied to flexible housing tube 300. Illustratively, a reduction of a force applied to a portion of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to decompress a portion of flexible housing tube 300. In one or more embodiments, a decompression of a portion of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to cause flexible housing tube 300 to gradually straighten. Illustratively, a gradual straightening of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to gradually straighten optic fiber 310, e.g., from an optic fiber in a second partially straightened position 1120 to an optic fiber in a third partially straightened position 1130. In one or more embodiments, a line tangent to optic fiber distal end 311 may intersect a line tangent to flexible housing tube proximal end 302 at a third partially straightened angle, e.g., when optic fiber 310 comprises an optic fiber in a third partially straightened position 1130. Illustratively, the third partially straightened angle may comprise any angle less than the second partially straightened angle. For example, the third partially straightened angle may comprise a 45 degree angle.
FIG. 11E illustrates an optic fiber in a fully straightened position 1140. In one or more embodiments, a decompression of actuation structure 110 may be configured to gradually straighten optic fiber 310 from an optic fiber in a third partially straightened position 1130 to an optic fiber in a fully straightened position 1140. Illustratively, a decompression of actuation structure 110 may be configured to rotate one or more links 170 about one or more link pins 180. In one or more embodiments, a rotation of one or more links 170 about one or more link pins 180 may be configured to retract nosecone 105 relative to handle proximal end 702. Illustratively, a retraction of nosecone 105 relative to handle proximal end 702 may be configured to retract flexible housing tube 300 relative to cable 810. In one or more embodiments, a retraction of flexible housing tube 300 relative to cable 810 may be configured to reduce a force applied to a portion of flexible housing tube 300, e.g., a portion of cable 810 fixed to flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to reduce a force applied to flexible housing tube 300. Illustratively, a reduction of a force applied to a portion of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to decompress a portion of flexible housing tube 300. In one or more embodiments, a decompression of a portion of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to cause flexible housing tube 300 to gradually straighten. Illustratively, a gradual straightening of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to gradually straighten optic fiber 310, e.g., from an optic fiber in a third partially straightened position 1130 to an optic fiber in a fully straightened position 1140. In one or more embodiments, a line tangent to optic fiber distal end 311 may be parallel to a line tangent to flexible housing tube proximal end 302, e.g., when optic fiber 310 comprises an optic fiber in a fully straightened position 1140.
Illustratively, a surgeon may aim optic fiber distal end 311 at any of a plurality of targets within an eye, e.g., to perform a photocoagulation procedure, to illuminate a surgical target site, etc. For example, a surgeon may aim optic fiber distal end 311 at any of a plurality of targets within a human eye, e.g., to perform a photocoagulation procedure, to illuminate a surgical target site, etc. In one or more embodiments, a surgeon may aim optic fiber distal end 311 at any target within a particular transverse plane of the inner eye by, e.g., rotating handle 700 to orient flexible housing tube 300 in an orientation configured to cause a curvature of flexible housing tube 300 within the particular transverse plane of the inner eye and varying an amount of compression of actuation structure 110. Illustratively, a surgeon may aim optic fiber distal end 311 at any target within a particular sagittal plane of the inner eye by, e.g., rotating handle 700 to orient flexible housing tube 300 in an orientation configured to cause a curvature of flexible housing tube 300 within the particular sagittal plane of the inner eye and varying an amount of compression of actuation structure 110. In one or more embodiments, a surgeon may aim optic fiber distal end 311 at any target within a particular frontal plane of the inner eye by, e.g., varying an amount of actuation of compression of actuation structure 110 to orient a line tangent to optic fiber distal end 311 wherein the line tangent to optic fiber distal end 311 is within the particular frontal plane of the inner eye and rotating handle 700. Illustratively, a surgeon may aim optic fiber distal end 311 at any target located outside of the particular transverse plane, the particular sagittal plane, and the particular frontal plane of the inner eye, e.g., by varying a rotational orientation of handle 700 and varying an amount of compression of actuation structure 110. In one or more embodiments, a surgeon may aim optic fiber distal end 311 at any target of a plurality of targets within an eye, e.g., without increasing a length of a portion of a steerable laser probe within the eye. Illustratively, a surgeon may aim optic fiber distal end 311 at any target of a plurality of targets within an eye, e.g., without decreasing a length of a portion of a steerable laser probe within the eye.
The foregoing description has been directed to particular embodiments of this invention. It will be apparent; however, that other variations and modifications may be made to the described embodiments, with the attainment of some or all of their advantages. Specifically, it should be noted that the principles of the present invention may be implemented in any system. Furthermore, while this description has been written in terms of a surgical instrument, the teachings of the present invention are equally suitable to systems where the functionality may be employed. Therefore, it is the object of the appended claims to cover all such variations and modifications as come within the true spirit and scope of the invention.

## Claims

1. An instrument comprising:
a handle having a handle distal end and a handle proximal end;
a piston having a piston distal end and a piston proximal end, the piston disposed in the handle;
an actuation structure of the handle having an actuation structure distal end and an actuation structure proximal end;
a nosecone having a housing tube housing;
a first link, the first link fixed to the actuation structure by a first link pin and the first link fixed to the nosecone by a second link pin;
a first spacer disposed over a portion of the first link pin extending from the first link, the first spacer configured to prevent movement of the first link relative to the first link pin;
a second spacer disposed over a portion of the second link pin extending from the first link, the second spacer configured to prevent movement of the first link relative to the second link pin;
a second link, the second link fixed to the actuation structure by a third link pin and the second link fixed to the nosecone by a fourth link pin;
a third spacer disposed over a portion of the third link pin extending from the second link, the third spacer configured to prevent movement of the second link relative to the third link pin;
a fourth spacer disposed over a portion of the fourth link pin extending from the second link, the fourth spacer configured to prevent movement of the second link relative to the fourth link pin;
a flexible housing tube having a flexible housing tube distal end and a flexible housing tube proximal end wherein the housing tube proximal end is disposed within the housing tube housing, the flexible housing tube having dimensions configured for performing ophthalmic surgical procedures, the flexible housing tube having an ultimate tensile strength in a range of 1000 to 1100 MPa; and
an optic fiber having an optic fiber distal end and an optic fiber proximal end, the optic fiber disposed in the actuation structure and the flexible housing tube wherein the optic fiber distal end is adjacent to the housing tube distal end and wherein a portion of the optic fiber is fixed to the housing tube.

2. The instrument of claim 1 wherein a compression of the actuation structure is configured to gradually curve the optic fiber more than 90 degrees relative to a line tangent to the flexible housing tube proximal end within a human eye.

3. The instrument of claim 2 wherein the compression of the actuation structure is configured to gradually curve the flexible housing tube.

4. The instrument of claim 3 wherein the compression of the actuation structure is configured to extend the flexible housing tube relative to the optic fiber.

5. The instrument of claim 3 wherein the compression of the actuation structure is configured to extend the nosecone relative to the actuation structure proximal end.

6. The instrument of claim 5 wherein the compression of the actuation is structure is configured to rotate the first link about the first link pin and rotate the second link about the third link pin.

7. The instrument of claim 5 wherein the compression of the actuation structure is configured to rotate the first link about the second link pin and rotate the second link about the fourth link pin.

8. The instrument of claim 1 wherein a decompression of the actuation structure is configured to gradually straighten the optic fiber more than 90 degrees relative to a line tangent to the flexible housing tube proximal end within a human eye.

9. The instrument of claim 8 wherein the decompression of the actuation structure is configured to gradually straighten the flexible housing tube.

10. The instrument of claim 1 further comprising:
a cable having a cable distal end and a cable proximal end, the cable disposed in the actuation structure and the flexible housing tube.

11. The instrument of claim 10 wherein a compression of the actuation structure is configured to gradually curve the optic fiber more than 90 degrees relative to a line tangent to the flexible housing tube proximal end within a human eye.

12. The instrument of claim 11 wherein the compression of the actuation structure is configured to gradually curve the flexible housing tube.

13. The instrument of claim 12 wherein the compression of the actuation structure is configured to extend the flexible housing tube relative to the cable.

14. The instrument of claim 12 wherein the compression of the actuation structure is configured to rotate the first link about the first link pin and rotate the second link about the third link pin.

15. The instrument of claim 12 wherein the compression of the actuation structure is configured to rotate the first link about the second link pin and rotate the second link about the fourth link pin.

16. The instrument of claim 10 wherein a decompression of the actuation structure is configured to gradually straighten the optic fiber more than 90 degrees relative to a line tangent to the flexible housing tube proximal end within a human eye.

17. The instrument of claim 16 wherein the decompression of the actuation structure is configured to gradually straighten the flexible housing tube.

18. The instrument of claim 17 wherein the decompression of the actuation structure is configured to retract the flexible housing tube relative to the cable.

19. The instrument of claim 10 further comprising:
a redundant cable having a redundant cable distal end and a redundant cable proximal end, the redundant cable disposed in the actuation structure and the flexible housing tube.