COURT OF APPEALS OF VIRGINIA

Present: Judges Humphreys, Huff and AtLee

JOSEPHINE WESSEH

MEMORANDUM OPINION*

v. Record No. 0709-22-4 PER CURIAM

SEPTEMBER 27, 2022

WOLDEARE GAY LEGESSE AND

 LYFT, INC.

FROM THE CIRCUIT COURT OF PRINCE WILLIAM COUNTY

Carroll A. Weimer, Jr., Judge

(James M. Johnson; Johnson Law Firm, PC, on brief), for appellant.

(Edward W. Bailey; Kalbaugh Pfund & Messersmith, PC, on brief),

for appellee Woldeare Gay Legesse.

(Christian F. Tucker; Moran Reeves & Conn PC, on brief), for 

appellee Lyft, Inc.

Josephine Wesseh appeals the circuit court’s order finding that it did not have jurisdiction 

and dismissing her appeal from the General District Court of Prince William County. Wesseh 

argues that the circuit court erred in finding that the order she had appealed was not a final order 

disposing of “the whole subject of the case” and dismissing her appeal for a lack of jurisdiction. 

After examining the briefs and record in this case, the panel unanimously holds that oral argument is 

unnecessary because “the appeal is wholly without merit.” Code § 17.1-403(ii)(a); Rule 5A:27(a). 

BACKGROUND

“On appeal, we view the evidence and all reasonable inferences arising therefrom in the

light most favorable to the prevailing party at trial.” Coxcom, LLC v. Fairfax Cnty., ___ Va. ___, 

* Pursuant to Code § 17.1-413, this opinion is not designated for publication.

UNPUBLISHED
- 2 -

___ (July 14, 2022) (quoting Western Refining Yorktown, Inc. v. County of York, 292 Va. 804, 815 

(2016)).

On August 6, 2021, Wesseh filed a warrant in debt in the General District Court of Prince 

William County, seeking $20,000, plus interest and costs, stemming from an automobile accident. 

On the return date for the warrant in debt, neither Wesseh nor her counsel appeared. At appellees’

request, the general district court dismissed the case without prejudice under Rule 7B:8(b).1 On 

September 30, 2021, Wesseh noted her appeal to the circuit court.

On November 16, 2021, Lyft, Inc. moved to dismiss the appeal, arguing that the circuit 

court did not have jurisdiction over the matter. On January 14, 2022, the parties appeared before the 

circuit court for a hearing on the motion to dismiss. Subsequently, the circuit court entered an order 

granting appellees’ motions to dismiss. The circuit court found that it did not have jurisdiction to 

hear the appeal because Wesseh “did not appeal a [f]inal [o]rder that disposes of the whole subject 

of the case and gives all relief contemplated” and dismissed the matter. Wesseh did not note any 

objections to the order but did file a motion for reconsideration. Wesseh then noted her appeal to 

this Court. 

ANALYSIS

Wesseh argues that the circuit court erred in dismissing her appeal and finding that it did not 

have jurisdiction over the matter. We find that Wesseh failed to preserve her arguments for appeal.

Rule 5A:18 provides that “[n]o ruling of the trial court . . . will be considered as a basis for 

reversal unless an objection was stated with reasonable certainty at the time of the ruling.” “Under 

this rule, a specific argument must be made to the trial court at the appropriate time, or the 

allegation of error will not be considered on appeal.” Edwards v. Commonwealth, 41 Va. App. 752, 

1

“If the defendant, but not the plaintiff, appears on the return date and the case is not 

before the Court for trial, the Court must dismiss the action without prejudice to the right of the 

plaintiff to refile.” Rule 7B:8(b).
- 3 -

760 (2003) (en banc). In determining whether an appellant has complied with Rule 5A:18, this 

Court may only consider facts contained in the record on appeal. The record on appeal includes the 

transcripts of the relevant proceedings or the written statement of facts in lieu of a transcript if the 

transcripts or written statement of facts in lieu of a transcript are filed in accordance with Rule 5A:8.

Here, Wesseh has failed to file a transcript of the January 14, 2022 hearing on Lyft’s motion 

to dismiss. Additionally, although Wesseh filed a written statement of facts in lieu of a transcript, it 

was not properly made a part of the record on appeal.

This Court has held that an appellant establishes prima facie compliance with Rule 

5A:8(c) if she timely files the written statement of facts in lieu of a transcript with the clerk of 

the trial court and mails or delivers a copy to opposing counsel “along with a notice that the 

statement will be presented to the trial judge between fifteen and twenty days after filing.” 

Proctor v. Town of Colonial Beach, 15 Va. App. 608, 610 (1993) (en banc). Here, Wesseh 

timely filed her written statement of facts in lieu of a transcript, but she did not include the 

requisite notice to Lyft, Inc. and Legesse that the statement would be presented to the trial judge 

“no earlier than 15 days nor later than 20 days” after its filing. Rule 5A:8(c)(1). Considering

Wesseh’s failure to establish “prima facie compliance, we hold that a remand for compliance by 

the trial judge is inappropriate. Consequently, the statement of facts is not ‘a part of the record.’” 

Clary v. Clary, 15 Va. App. 598, 600 (1993) (en banc) (quoting Mayhood v. Mayhood, 4 

Va. App. 365, 369 (1987)).

Because the record before us does not reflect that Wesseh stated her objection to the 

circuit court’s ruling “with reasonable certainty at the time of the ruling,” Wesseh has waived her 

argument on appeal. See Lloyd v. Kime, 275 Va. 98, 107-08 & n.* (2008). Although Wesseh 

timely filed a motion to reconsider with the clerk of the circuit court, she did not request a 

hearing or ask the circuit court to suspend or stay the final order. Nothing in the record indicates
- 4 -

that the circuit court had an opportunity to consider and rule on the motion before it lost 

jurisdiction under Rule 1:1(a). To preserve an argument for appeal, “the record must 

affirmatively demonstrate that the trial court was made aware of the argument.” Brandon v. Cox, 

284 Va. 251, 256 (2012). “A motion to reconsider is insufficient to preserve an argument not 

previously presented unless the record establishes that the court had an opportunity to rule on the 

motion.” Westlake Legal Group v. Flynn, 293 Va. 344, 352 (2017). Accordingly, we find that 

Wesseh had opportunities to make her arguments and objections known but ultimately “waived her 

argument by failing to preserve it.” Brandon, 284 Va. at 256.

CONCLUSION

For the foregoing reasons, the circuit court’s judgment is affirmed.

Affirmed.