# Patent

## Title
Method for detecting a downlink control structure for carrier aggregation

## Abstract

This invention relates with a method for detecting a downlink control structure for carrier aggregation in communication network in which data transmission is scheduled by a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH). An UE receives higher layer signaling enabling carrier aggregation for the UE. The UE reads the PDCCHs of component carriers (CCs), wherein the downlink control information (DCI) in the PDCCHs of each CC is read according to one of a plurality of predefined formats derived from the higher layer signaling.

## Background
This application is a divisional application of U.S. application Ser. No. 13/389,828 filed Feb. 10, 2012, which is a national stage entry of International Application PCT/JP2010/063444 filed Aug. 2, 2010, which claims priority from Australia Patent Application No. 2009903831 filed Aug. 14, 2009, which applications are all incorporated herein by reference.


TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention is related to methods for detecting a downlink control structure for carrier aggregation in a communications network.
BACKGROUND ART
Long Term Evolution (LTE) is a mobile network technology standard based on a 3GPP standard. It is a set of enhancements to the Universal Mobile Telecommunications Systems (UMTS) and is designed to increase data rates for mobile wireless users, improve user throughput and make more efficient use of the radio frequency spectrum. LTE-Advanced is currently being standardized by the 3GPP as an enhancement of LTE.
FIG. 1 shows the configuration of a heterogeneous LTE-Advanced or LTE Rel-10 mobile communication network 10. In the system 10, base stations 12, 14, also known as evolved Node Bs (eNode B), support communication for multiple User Equipments (UEs) 16, 18, for example mobile phones, laptops, personal digital assistants. The base stations 12, 14 are fixed and each provide communication coverage for a particular geographical area. Base station 12 is a femto cell, which connects to the service provider's network via broadband, and provides coverage over component carriers CC#0 and CC#1. Base station 14 is a macro cell which provides radio coverage over component carriers CC#0 and CC#1 over different distances for each component carrier.
In the downlink channel, from the base stations 12, 14 to the UEs 16, 18, the LTE standard uses Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM). OFDM is a digital multi-carrier modulation method that uses a large number of closely spaced orthogonal sub-carriers to carry data. Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) is employed as a multiplexing scheme in the LTE downlink. In OFDMA, individual UEs are allocated sub-carriers for a predetermined amount of time. This allows simultaneous data transmission from several users.
The downlink channel supports physical channels, which convey information from higher layers in the LTE stack. Two physical downlink channels are the Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH), which is used for data transmission and the Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH), which is used for transmitting control information. Scheduling of downlink data reception (in PDSCH) or uplink data transmission in the Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) to the UE is typically performed through downlink control signaling using the PDCCH.
SUMMARY OF INVENTION
Technical Problem
A major feature to be introduced for LTE-Advanced is carrier aggregation. Component carriers (CCs) that are contiguous or non-contiguous in frequency may be aggregated. A UE may be configured to aggregate a different number of CCs of possibly different bandwidths in the uplink (UL) and downlink (DL). Carrier aggregation is UE specific, each UE in the same cell may have a different configuration of carrier aggregation.
Once a UE is configured with carrier aggregation, the UE is capable of simultaneously receiving or transmitting on all the CCs that are aggregated. Thus, the UE may be scheduled over multiple CCs simultaneously. The scheduling of downlink assignments and uplink grants for each CC may be via an additional carrier indicator field of 0-3 bits in DCI format(s) for a single CC. In case of 0 bits, there is no carrier indicator.
An example illustrating the carrier aggregation of 5 CCs and the corresponding carrier indicator index to CC index mapping for a PDCCH with the carrier indicator field in CC #2 is shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, respectively.
The use of a carrier indicator in the PDCCH is not without cost. The disadvantages of having a PDCCH carrier indicator include:
increased complexity in PDCCH scheduling as the scheduling may have to be performed jointly over multiple CCs.
Increased payload size of up to 3 bits for DCI formats if the carrier indicator is explicitly signaled.
Potential increased number of blind decoding attempts per CC if UE is expected to blindly detect whether the non-zero-bit carrier indicator field exists in a DCI format and if the CCs can have different bandwidth size.
From the UE's point of view, the increase in blind decoding attempts for a CC is undesirable due to the increased PDCCH processing latency and increased power consumption especially if the UE is required to perform the extra blind detections all the time but the benefit of PDCCH with configurable linkage is only limited to certain scenarios.
It would therefore be desirable to provide a method for detecting carrier aggregation that minimizes the number of PDCCH blind decoding attempts required to be performed by the UE for each CC.
The above discussion of background art is included to explain the context of the present invention. It is not to be taken as an admission that any of the documents or other material referred to was published, known or part of the common general knowledge at the priority date of any one of the claims of this specification.
Solution to Problem
According to one aspect, the present invention provides a method for detecting a downlink control structure for carrier aggregation in a communications network in which data transmission is scheduled by a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH), the method including the steps of, at a UE:
receiving higher layer signaling enabling carrier aggregation for the UE, and
reading the PDCCHs of component carriers (CCs), wherein the downlink control information (DCI) in the PDCCHs of each CC is read according to one of a plurality of predefined formats derived from the higher layer signaling.
The higher layer signaling allows the carrier aggregation to be turned on or off, and allows the number of blind decoding attempts as well as the payload sizes of DCI formats to be kept to minimum when cross-carrier control is not needed (depending on deployment scenario or network operator's preference). The higher-layer signaling is transmitted only to UEs with carrier aggregation capability. The default setting assumed by both the eNodeB and the UE before the higher layer signaling is sent is no cross-carrier control, i.e. all DCI formats are with zero-bit carrier indicator fields.
As the PDCCH of each CC is read in accordance with a predetermined DCI format signaled to the UE, the UE power and latency budget for PDCCH processing per CC may be reduced.
The higher layer signaling may indicate that a CC is a host CC that is able to transmit the PDCCHs of client CCs, the predefined format for the DCI in the PDCCHs for the host CC having a non-zero-bit carrier indication field.
Thus, PDCCHs containing carrier indicators are only transmitted on a subset of CCs (say K, where K=1, . . . , M and M is the total number of CCs aggregated for the UE), called the host CCs.
The higher layer signaling may indicate that a CC is a client CC that does not transmit the PDCCHs of other CCs, the predefined format for the DCI in the PDCCHs for the client CC having a zero-bit carrier indication field.
The PDCCHs of client CCs can be transmitted on a host CC. It is possible for a CC to be a host CC as well as a client CC at the same time. In this case, the CC can transmit the PDCCHs of other CCs as well as having its own PDCCHs transmitted on other CCs.
The higher layer signaling may indicate that the UE is not required to detect PDCCHs on a client CC. Instead, the PDCCHs for the client CC are transmitted in the host CC. The method may then further include the step of selectively reading the PDCCHs of CCs so that the UE does not detect PDCCHs on that client CC.
A client CC can thus be configured such that all PDCCHs (with zero-bit carrier indicator) for a UE are not transmitted on the CC. Hence, the UE is not required to detect any PDCCH on the client CC. However, such configuration cannot be applied if the client CC is also a host CC at the same time.
This configuration is beneficial for heterogeneous networks deployment where the interference level of the client CCs can be so high that control channels cannot be reliably transmitted. As PDCCH detection is not required for the client CCs, power saving can be achieved at the UE.
However, for other deployment scenarios such as homogenous networks where frequency diversity gain may be more important, the diversity gain can be harnessed by the UE also detecting PDCCHs on the client CCs.
The higher layer signaling may not indicate that a CC is a client CC or host CC, in this case, the CC may be taken to be a normal CC which is used to transmit all of its own PDCCHs and only its own PDCCHs, the predefined format for the DCI in the PDCCHs for the normal CC having a zero-bit carrier indication field.
Thus, using higher layer signaling, an eNodeB can configure a CC to be one or more of the following types:
Host CC: The CC which can be used for transmission of the PDCCHs of client CC(s) and its own PDCCHs.
Client CC: The CC of which its PDCCHs can be transmitted on a host CC. The client CC can also be used to transmit its own PDCCHs if configured to do so.
Normal CC: The CC which is used to transmit all of its own PDCCHs and only its own PDCCHs (same as in LTE Rel-8).
All PDCCHs transmitted on the host CCs always contain carrier indicators with non-zero bits, even for the PDCCHs that correspond to the host CCs. The actual number of bits for the carrier indicator field can be a function of the actual number of carriers aggregated for the UE (i.e. ceil(log 2 M).). The PDCCHs transmitted on the client CCs or the normal CCs do not contain carrier indicators with non-zero bits.
The higher layer signaling may be used to configure CCs as host CCs, client CCs and normal CCs in a semi-static manner according to need or change in the radio channel characteristics in the network. For example, for a heterogeneous network with uncoordinated deployment of femto cells, the interference characteristics of each CC may change several times in a day.
The higher-layer signaling may be UE-specific, as some UEs may not have carrier aggregation capability. Furthermore, for a heterogeneous network, the interference characteristics for each CC experienced by different UEs may be different. As shown in FIG. 1, UE 16 and UE 18 clearly experience different radio characteristics for CC #0 and CC #1.
The host CC may have the same CC bandwidth as a client CC for which they are transmitting PDCCHs. In this case, a CC which is a part of carrier aggregation has to have the same bandwidth size with at least one other CC within the carrier aggregation for it to be eligible as a candidate CC for a host or a client CC.
Advantageous Effects of Invention
The advantage of the invention is that the number of PDCCH blind decoding attempts that the UE has to perform for the host CC does not double due to two different payload sizes for the same DCI format as a result of the difference in CC bandwidth. In conjunction with using the predefined formats as described above, the number of blind decoding attempts required to be performed by the UE may be kept the same as that needed for a normal CC.



BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a heterogeneous LTE-Advanced or LTE Rel-10 mobile communication network.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of carrier aggregation of 5 CCs.
FIG. 3 is a table providing examples of 3-bit carrier indicator fields.
FIG. 4A is schematic diagrams of PDCCH-PDSCH linkage scenarios for two CCs.
FIG. 4B is schematic diagrams of PDCCH-PDSCH linkage scenarios for two CCs.
FIG. 4C is schematic diagrams of PDCCH-PDSCH linkage scenarios for two CCs.
FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing a method according to an embodiment of the invention.



DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS
FIG. 4A, FIG. 4B and FIG. 4C show possible PDCCH-PDSCH linkage scenarios for an example of two CCs. In FIG. 4A, the PDCCHs 20, 22 are in the same CC 24, 26 as the PDSCHs 28, 30 that they schedule. In FIG. 4B, the PDCCHs 32, 34 are in a different component carrier 36, 38 to the PDSCHs 42, 40 that they schedule. In FIG. 4C, the PDCCHs 44, 46 are both in a single component carrier 48, although the PDCCHs 44, 46 schedule PDSCHs 50, 52 in component carriers 48, 54.
According to the control structure used in the present invention, CCs 24 and 26 are normal CCs, CCs 36, 38 are both host and client CCs, CC 48 is a host CC and CC 54 is a client CC.
With reference to FIG. 5, according to an embodiment of the invention, the PDCCHs of CCs are read according to one of a plurality of predefined formats derived from higher layer signaling between the eNodeB (for example base station 12) and UE (for example UE 16).
At step 70 it is determined if the UE is required to detect DCI formats with non-zero-bit carrier indicator fields. The default setting assumed by both the eNodeB and UE is no carrier aggregation. Thus if no higher layer signaling has been received, at step 72, the UE assumes that the CC is a normal CC, and reads PDCCHs of the CC according to the predefined format of the DCI in the PDCCHs having a zero-bit carrier indication field.
However, if the UE receives higher layer signaling from the eNodeB, such as a carrier_ind_config signal to switch on carrier aggregation, then at step 74, the UE determines if the downlink CC is a host CC. If the higher layer signaling from the eNode B, such as a control_cc_config signal, indicates that a CC is a host CC, the UE reads the PDCCHs of the CC according to the predefined format of the DCI having a non-zero-bit carrier indication field at step 76. The physical signal processing and procedure of PDCCHs detection can be the same as the Rel-8 processing and procedure as specified in TS 36.211 and TS 36.213.
If the higher layer signaling from the eNodeB, such as the control_cc_config signal, instead indicates that the CC is a client CC, the UE determines that the downlink CC is a client CC at step 78. The UE then determines whether the UE is required to detect PDCCHs for that client CC at step 80 via higher layer signaling from the eNodeB, such as a client_cc_config signal.
If the UE is required to detect PDCCHs, at step 82, the UE reads the PDCCHs of the CC according to the predefined format of the DCI having a zero-bit carrier indication field. The physical signal processing and procedure of PDCCHs detection can be the same as the Rel-8 processing and procedure as specified in TS 36.211 and TS 36.213.
If the UE is not required to detect PDCCHs on the client CC, then at step 84, the UE does not attempt to detect PDCCHs.
If no control_cc_config signal is received by the UE (i.e. the higher layer signaling does not indicate that the CC is a host or client), the UE assumes that the downlink CC is a normal CC at step 86. The UE reads PDCCHs of the normal CC according to the predefined format of the DCI in the PDCCHs having a zero-bit carrier indication field. The physical signal processing and procedure of PDCCHs detection can be the same as the Rel-8 processing and procedure as specified in TS 36.211 and TS 36.213.
The UE can therefore detect the downlink control structure for carrier aggregation in a manner which minimizes the number of PDCCH blind decoding attempts required to be performed by the UE to the same as the LTE Rel-8 requirement (a maximum of 44 times).
It is to be understood that various alterations, additions and/or modifications may be made to the parts previously described without departing from the ambit of the present invention, and that, in the light of the above teachings, the present invention may be implemented in software, firmware and/or hardware in a variety of manners as would be understood by the skilled person.
INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE
This application is based upon and claims the benefit of priority from Australian patent application No. 2009903831, filed on Aug. 14, 2009, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein in its entirety by reference.
INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY
The present invention provides a method for controlling access to a mobile communications networks.
REFERENCE SIGNS LIST


    10 mobile communication network
    12 femto cell
    14 eNodeB
    16, 18 UE
    20, 22, 32, 34, 44, 46 PDCCH
    24, 26, 36, 38, 48, 54 CC (Component Carrier)
    28, 30, 40, 42, 50, 52 PDSCH

## Claims

1. A method implemented in a user equipment (UE) used in a wireless communications network configured to support carrier aggregation, the method comprising:
assuming a component carrier (CC) is a normal CC when no higher layer signaling is received indicating that the CC is a host CC or a normal CC;
when higher layer signaling is received, receiving, from a base station, higher layer signaling indicating a host CC;
receiving a first physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) on the host CC;
reading first downlink control information (DCI) in the first PDCCH according to a first predefined format;
when higher layer signaling is received, receiving a second PDCCH on the normal CC; and
reading second DCI in the second PDCCH according to a second predefined format; and
wherein in a normal CC the UE detects PDCCH assuming all DCI formats are with a zero-bit carrier indicator field and in a host CC the UE detects PDCCH assuming all DCI formats include a non-zero carrier indicator field.

2. The method as in claim 1, wherein the host CC is used to transmit each PDCCH for the host CC and a PDCCH for another CC.

3. The method as in claim 1, wherein the first DCI in the first PDCCH has a first DCI format with a non-zero-bit carrier indicator field (CIF).

4. The method as in claim 1,
wherein the first DCI in the first PDCCH on the host CC is read without a PDCCH decoding attempt on a client CC.

5. The method as in claim 4, wherein a PDCCH for the client CC is transmitted on the host CC.

6. The method as in claim 1, wherein the normal CC is used to transit each PDCCH for the normal CC and no PDCCH for another CC.

7. The method as in claim 1, wherein the second DCI in the second PDCCH has a second DCI format with a zero-bit carrier indicator field (CIF).

8. The method as in claim 1, wherein the higher layer signaling is used for CC configuration in a semi-static manner.

9. A method implemented in a base station used in a wireless communications network configured to support carrier aggregation, the method comprising:
transmitting a component carrier (CC) as a normal CC when no higher layer signaling is used to indicate that the CC is a host CC or a normal CC;
when higher layer signaling is used to transmit CC, transmitting, to a user equipment (UE), higher layer signaling indicating a host CC,
wherein the UE receives a first physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) on the host CC, and reads first downlink control information (DCI) in the first PDCCH according to a first predefined format,
and wherein the method further comprises:
when higher layer signaling is used to transmit CC, transmitting, to the UE a second PDCCH on the normal CC; and
wherein the UE receives a second PDDCH on the normal CC and reads second DCI in the second PDCCH according to a second predefined format; and
wherein in a normal CC the UE detects PDCCH assuming all DCI formats are with a zero-bit carrier indicator field and in a host CC the UE detects PDCCH assuming all DCI formats include a non-zero carrier indicator field.

10. A method implemented in, a wireless communications network configured to support carrier aggregation, the method comprising:
assuming at a User Equipment (UE) a component carrier (CC) is a normal CC when no higher layer signaling is received from a base station (BS) indicating that the CC is a host CC or a normal CC;
when higher layer signaling is transmitted, transmitting, from the BS to the UE, higher layer signaling indicating a host component carrier (CC); and
receiving, at the UE, a first physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) on the host CC,
wherein the UE reads first downlink control information (DCI) in the first PDCCH according to a first predefined format,
and wherein the method further comprises:
receiving a second PDCCH on the normal CC; and
reading second DCI in the second PDCCH according to a second predefined format; and
wherein in a normal CC the UE detects PDCCH assuming all DCI formats are with a zero-bit carrier indicator field and in a host CC the UE detects PDCCH assuming all DCI formats include a non-zero carrier indicator field.

11. A wireless communications network configured to support carrier aggregation, the wireless communications network comprising:
a base station to transmit higher layer signaling indicating a host component carrier (CC); and
a user equipment (UE) to receive the higher layer signaling from the base station,
wherein the UE, assumes a CC is a normal CC when no higher layer signaling is received from the base station indicating that the CC is a host CC or a normal CC;
when higher layer signaling is received by the UE from the base station, receives a first physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) on the host CC, and reads first downlink control information (DCI) in the first PDCCH according to a first predefined format,
and wherein when higher layer signaling is received by the UE from the base station, the UE receives a second PDCCH on the normal CC; and
reads second DCI in the second PDCCH according to a second predefined format; and
wherein in a normal CC the UE detects PDCCH assuming all DCI formats are with a zero-bit carrier indicator field and in a host CC the UE detects PDCCH assuming all DCI formats include a non-zero carrier indicator field.