# Environm **ental Fate and Ecological Risk Assessment for Foliar and**  **Seed Treatment Use**  **s of the New Fungicide**  **Fluxapyroxad (BAS 700F)** 

**Fluxapyroxad CAS**  **907204**

**- 31** 

**- 3**  **PC Code 138009** 



### 5 **March 2012**

**Prepared b**

**y** Catherine Aubee , Biologist Chuck Peck, Environmental Fate Scientist U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Office of Pesticide Programs Environmental Fate and Effects Division (EFED) Environmental Risk Branch IV 1200 Pennsylvania Ave., NW Mail Code 7507P Washington, DC 20460 

### Reviewed by Thomas Steeger, Ph.D., Senior Science Advisor Jim Carleton , Ph.D., Senior Science Advisor Marietta Echeverria , Branch Chief-Page 2 of 150

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# Table of Contents

**1. Executive Summary** 
**................................ ................................**  **................................ ................................**  **........... 5**  **2. Problem** 

**Formulation**
**................................ ................................**  **................................ ................................**  **......... 7**  **2.1. Nature of Chem** **ical Stressor**
**................................ ................................**  **................................ .....................**  **7 2.2.**  **Stressor Source and Distribution**
**................................ ................................**  **................................ ..............**  **7 2.3.**  **Receptors**
**................................ ................................**  **................................ ................................**  **..................... 8**  **2.4. Assessment Endpoints** 
**................................ ................................**  **................................ ................................**  **8 2.5.**  **Conceptual Model**
**................................ ................................**  **................................ ................................**  **...... 8**  **2.5.1. Risk**  **Hypothesis**
**................................ ................................**  **................................ ................................**  **. 8**  **2.5.2. Conceptual Diagram** 
**................................ ................................**  **................................ .........................**  **9 2.6.**  **Analysis Plan**
**................................ ................................**  **................................ ................................**  **............ 12**  **2.6.1. Conclus**  **ions from Previous Risk Assessments** 
**................................ ................................**  **.............. 12**  **2.6.2. Identification of Data Gaps and Uncertainties** 
**................................ ................................**  **............. 12**  **2.6.3. Me**  **asures of Exposure**
**................................ ................................**  **................................ .....................**  **13 2.6.**  **4. Me**  **asures of Effect**
**................................ ................................**  **................................ ...........................**  **13 2.6.5.**  **Integration of Exposure and Effects**
**................................ ................................**  **.............................. 14**  **3. Analysis** 
**................................ ................................**  **................................ ................................**  **............................. 14**  **3.1. Use Characterization** 
**................................ ................................**  **................................ ...............................**  **14 3.2.**  **E xposure Characterization** 
**................................ ................................**  **................................ ......................**  **15 3.2.1.**  **Environmental Fate and Transport**
**................................ ................................**  **............................... 15**  **3.2.2. Aquatic Exposure** 
**................................ ................................**  **................................ ............................**  **18 3.2.3.**  **T errestrial Exposure** 
**................................ ................................**  **................................ .......................**  **22 3.3.**  **Ecological Effects Characterization**
**................................ ................................**  **................................ ........**  **26 3.3.1.**  **Ecotoxicity Data**
**................................ ................................**  **................................ ...............................**  **26 3.3.1.**  **I ncident Reports** 
**................................ ................................**  **................................ ..............................**  **42 4.**  **Risk Characterization**
**................................ ................................**  **................................ ................................**  **...... 42**  **4.1. Risk Estimation** 
**................................ ................................**  **................................ ................................**  **........ 42**  **4.1.1. Aquatic Organisms** 
**................................ ................................**  **................................ ..........................**  **42 4.1.2.**  **T errestrial Organisms** 
**................................ ................................**  **................................ .....................**  **50 4.2.**  **Risk Description and Conclusions**
**................................ ................................**  **................................ ..........**  **54 4.2.1.**  **Aquatic Organisms**
**................................ ................................**  **................................ ..........................**  **54 4.2.2.**  **Terrestrial Organisms**
**................................ ................................**  **................................ .....................**  **57 4.2.**  **3. Conclusions** 
**................................ ................................**  **................................ ................................**  **...... 61**  **5. Federally Threatened and Endangered (Listed) Species of Concern** 
**................................ ..........................**  **63 5.1.**  **Action Area**
**................................ ................................**  **................................ ................................**  **............... 64**  **5.2. Taxonomic Groups Potentially at Risk** 
**................................ ................................**  **................................ ..**  **64 5.2.1.**  **Probit Dose**

**- Response Analysis** 
**................................ ................................**  **................................ ......**  **66 5.2.2.**  **Listed Species Occurrence with Proposed New Use of Fluxapyroxad**
**................................ ........**  **67 6.**  **Additional Description of Assumptions, Limitations, Uncertainties, Strengths and Data Gaps**
**............... 71**  **7. References** 
**................................ ................................**  **................................ ................................**  **......................... 73**  **Figure 2**

**- 1. Conceptual m** **odel for potential fluxapyroxad fol iar treatm** **ent effects on aquatic organisms.**
**....... 10**  **Figure 2**

**- 2. Conceptual m** **odel for potential fluxapyroxad foliar treatm ent effects on**  **terrestrial organisms.**
**.. 10**  **Figure 2**

**- 3. Conceptual m** **odel for potential fluxapyroxad seed treatm ent effects on aquatic organisms.** 
**......... 11**  **Figure 2**

**- 4. Conceptual m** **odel for potential fluxapyroxad seed treatm ent effects on terrestrial organisms.** 
**.... 11**  **Figure 3**

**- 1. Species sensitivity distribution for freshwater fish exposed to fluxapyroxad and its end** 

**- use**  **products, based on registrant**

**- submitted acute**  **toxicity data.**
**................................ ................................**  **................ 27**  **Figure 4**

**- 1. Pom** **e fruit peak EECs from spray drift only analysis.** 
**................................ ................................**  **...... 56**  **Figure 4**

**- 2. Corn, edible podded legume vegetables, oilseed crops (other), succulent shelled peas and beans,**  **soybeans peak EECs from spray drift only analyses.**
**................................ ................................**  **............................. 56** -Page 3 of 150

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**Table 1.1. Potential effects to federally listed taxa associated with the proposed uses of fluxapyrox ad.** 
**............ 6**  **Table 3.1. Fluxapyroxad application rates and retreatment intervals for proposed uses.**
**................................ ..**  **15 Table 3.2. Chemical properties and environmental fate param** **eters of fluxapyroxad.**
**................................ .......**  **17 Table 3.3. Input parameters used in surface water exposure m** **odeling (GENEEC).**
**................................ ..........**  **18 Table 3.4. Input parameters used in ground water exposure m** **odeling (SCIGROW).**
**................................ .......**  **19 Table 3.5. Application scenarios and start dates f**  **or PRZM/EXAMS m odeling.** 
**................................ .................**  **20 Table 3.6. Tier I surface water EECs of fluxapyroxad (GENEEC).** 
**................................ ................................**  **..... 21**  **Table 3.7. EECs from spray drift only following fluxpyroxad applications (PRZ M/EXAMS).** 
**......................... 22**  **Table 3.8. Terrestrial EECs as food residues for anim als exposed to fluxapyroxad as a result of the proposed**  **foliar uses.**
**................................ ................................**  **................................ ................................**  **................................ ...**  **24 Table 3.9. Terrestrial dose** 

**- based EECs for the range of seed treatm** **ent uses proposed for fluxapyroxad.**
**...... 25**  **Table 3.10. EECs for non**

**- target terrestrial and sem** **i**

**- aquatic plants based on proposed uses of fluxapyroxad**  **(TerrPlant).**
**................................ ................................**  **................................ ................................**  **................................ 26**  **Table 3.11. Acute toxicity endpoints used in risk estim ation and characterization for fish and aquatic**  **invertebrates exposed to fluxapyroxad in the water column**
**. ................................**  **................................ ................**  **29 Table 3.12. Chronic toxicity endpoints used in risk estimation and characterization for fish and aquatic**  **invertebrates exposed to fluxapyroxad in the water column.** 
**................................ ................................**  **................ 30**  **Table 3.13 Toxicity endpoints used in risk estimation and characterization for invertebra tes exposed to**  **fluxapyroxad in the sediment com partment.**  **................................ ................................**  **................................ ...........**  **31 Table 3.14 Toxicity endpoints used in risk estimation and**  **characterization for aquatic plants exposed to fluxapyroxad in the water column.** 
**................................ ................................**  **................................ ..........................**  **32 Table 3.15 Acute toxicity endpoints used in ris**  **k esti ma** **tion and characterization for terrestrial anim als**  **exposed to fluxapyroxad.**
**................................ ................................**  **................................ ................................**  **........... 34**  **Table 3.16 Chronic toxicity endpoints used in risk estimation and characterization for terrestrial anim** **als exposed to fluxapyroxad.** 
**................................ ................................**  **................................ ................................**  **........... 38**  **Table 3.17 Additional non**

**- guideline toxic** **ity data for hazard characterization of beneficial insects exposed to fluxapyroxad.** 
**................................ ................................**  **................................ ................................**  **............................. 38**  **Table 3.18 Toxicity endpoints used in risk estimation and characterization for terrestrial and semi** 

**- aquatic**  **plants exposed to fluxapyroxad.**
**................................ ................................**  **................................ ...............................**  **40 Table 4.1. Acute and chronic RQ**  **values for freshwater fish and invertebrates exposed to fluxapyroxad TGAI in surface water.** 
**................................ ................................**  **................................ ................................**  **......................... 44**  **Table 4.2. Acute RQ values for estua rine/m** **arine fish and invertebrates exposed to fluxapyroxad TGAI in surface water.** 
**................................ ................................**  **................................ ................................**  **............................. 45**  **Table 4.3. RQ values for sediment**

**- dwelling inv**  **ertebrates exposed to fluxapyroxad TGAI.**
**.............................. 46**  **Table 4.4. RQ values for listed and nonlisted species of aquatic plants exposed to fluxapyroxad TGAI in**  **surface water.**
**................................ ................................**  **................................ ................................**  **............................. 46**  **Table 4.5. Acute RQ values for freshwater fish exposed to BAS 700 01 F and BAS 700 04 F in s urface water as**  **a result of spray drift only, based on m aximum application rates for all fluxapyroxad uses.** 
**............................ 47**  **Table 4.6. Refined acute RQ values for freshwater fish and invertebrates exposed to BAS 703 01 F and BAS**  **703 02 F in surface water as a result of spray drift only, based on proposed uses for each form ulation.** 
**.......... 48**  **Table 4.7. RQ values for nonvascular aquatic plants exposed to BAS 703 02 F in surface water from spray**  **drift only, based on m aximum application rates for all proposed uses of fluxapyroxad.** 
**................................ ....**  **49 Table 4.8. Acute dietary** 

**- based RQ values for birds exposed to fluxapyroxad as a result of the proposed foliar**  **uses. ................................**  **................................ ................................**  **................................ ................................**  **............. 50**  **Table 4.9. Chronic dietary and dose**

**- based RQ values for m** **ammals exposed to fluxapyroxad as a result of the proposed foliar uses.** 
**................................ ................................**  **................................ ................................**  **.................. 51**  **Table 4.10. Chronic dietary RQ values for m am**  **mals exposed to fluxapyroxad following the proposed seed treatm** **ent uses. ................................**  **................................ ................................**  **................................ ...........................**  **53 Table 4.11. RQ values for listed species**  **1 of non** 

**- target terrestrial and semi** 

**- aquatic plants based on proposed**  **uses of fluxapyroxad (TerrPl ant).** 
**................................ ................................**  **................................ ............................**  **53 Table 4.12. Comparison of aquatic ecotoxicity endpoints for BAS 703 01 F and BAS 703 02 F with existing**  **pyraclostrobin endpoints.** 
**................................ ................................**  **................................ ................................**  **.......... 55**  **Table 4.13. RQ values for aquatic anim als exposed to fluxapyroxad residues in shallow ground water.** 
**.......... 57**  **Table 4.14. Characterization of potential risk to terrestrial birds and mammals from consumption of treated seeds, assuming that the lim** **it dose te sted in effects studies is the definitive toxicity endpoint.** 
**.......................... 59**  **Table 5.1 Potential effects to federally listed taxa associated wit h the proposed uses of fluxapyroxad.** 
**........... 65** -Page 4 of 150

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**Table 5.2. Summ ary of fluxapyroxad probit dose response analysis for listed species.** 
**................................ ......**  **67 Table 5.3. Tabulation by state and taxonom** **ic group of listed species at potential risk of direct or secondary effects of propos**  **ed fluxapyroxad uses.**
**................................ ................................**  **................................ ....................**  **69 Appendix A. Proposed New Uses, Fluxapyroxad** 
**................................ ................................**  **................................ ...**  **77 Appendix B. GENEEC Results** 
**................................ ................................**  **................................ ................................**  **81 Appendix C. SCI** 

**- GROW Results** 
**................................ ................................**  **................................ ...........................**  **86 Appendix D. Example STIR (v. 1.0) input and output data** 
**................................ ................................**  **.................. 87**  **Appendix E. Example SIP (v. 1.0) input and output data**
**................................ ................................**  **..................... 88**  **Appendix F. Ec otoxicity data gaps and uncertainties** 
**................................ ................................**  **........................... 89**  **Appendix G. Example T**

**- REX (v. 1.4.1) input and output data** 
**................................ ................................**  **........... 93**  **Appendix H. Example TerrPlant (v. 1.2.2) input and output data**
**................................ ................................**  **....... 96**  **Appendix I. LOCATES (v. 2.2.0) output of listed species**
**................................ ................................**  **..................... 97** -Page 5 of 150

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## 1. **Executive Summary**
Fluxapy roxad, a second generation py ridine carboxamide fungicide, is an active ingredient in a number of pesticide products proposed for registration (see **Appendix A** ) as both a foliar and seed treatment on a range of agricultural crops
. Fluxapy roxad has a moderate potential to reach aquatic environments, including surface and ground water, for several months or more following terrestrial application. The available fate data indicate that fluxapy roxad is likely

to dissipate to some extent through various mechanisms, including runoff, erosion, and leaching to ground water. Because fluxapy

roxad degrades slowly

in soil and aquatic systems ( e. g. , half

- lives greater than 1 ye ar) , the compound may p ersist in soil, in water, and in benthic sediment, once transported or partitioned to these environmental compartments. Fluxapy roxad is stable to some plant metabolism processes and has demonstrated at least limited systemic activity, based on plant residue studies submitted by the registrant

. Fluxapy roxad is moderately to very highly toxic to most fish and aquatic invertebrates, but is practically non -toxic to mammals, birds, and young adult honey b ee s following acute exposure. Chronic effects on reproduction and especially growth have been observed in both terrestrial and aquatic organisms exposed to fluxapy roxad , and toxic effects have been noted in aquatic and terrestrial plants. E cotoxicity data gaps exist with respect to potential chronic effects on estuarine/marine organisms

. The available avian toxicity data suggest that light conditions may influence the relative sensitivity o f some bird species to fluxapy roxad. Finally, two of the fluxpay roxad end

-use products (BAS 703 01 F and BAS 703 02 F) proposed for registration are co - formulated with the fungicide py raclostrobin and are similar in that respect to the registered fungicide product, Pristine  

### (25.2% boscalid and 12.8% py raclostrobin). The registrant is currently planning and conducting additional honey bee ( Apis mellifera ) larval toxicity tests with the fungicides boscalid and Pristine  

### to address concerns that Pristine  

### may affect honey

b ee larval/pupal (brood) and queen cell development

. Based on estimated environmental concentrations (EECs) and the available ecotoxicity data, the proposed use s of fluxapyroxad may result in chronic risk to mammals , including mammals that consume treated seed. Exposure and risk to mammals from consumption of treated seeds may be reduced if seeds are incorporated at plant. Chronic risk to birds, reptiles, and amphibians in the terrestrial environment cannot be precluded with certainty because slight but statistically significant effects on growth were observed at all treatment levels in an avian reproduction study ; therefore, it cannot be determined whether RQ values would exceed the LOC because the lower threshold of this effect has not been established. H owever, additional avian reproduction data are not being requested at this time because the effect was not dose

-responsive (100

– 1000 mg/kg diet), and it is unlikely that an additional study would establish a no observed adverse effects concentration (NOAEC) that would allow risk to be precluded at the screening level (NOAEC > 80 mg/kg diet) for the proposed uses

. Fluxapy roxad exposure at the labeled treatment rates may also result in risk to federally

- listed threatened and endangered (hereafter referred to as “listed”) species of dicotyledonous terrestrial and semi

- aquatic plants. Risk to listed dicot plants exceeds the Agency ’s level of concern (LOC) for all foliar uses and for the highest seed treatment application rate ( i.e. , wheat and triticale). For seed treatment uses, seed incorporation may reduce the likelihood of runoff and therefore-Page 6 of 150

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### reduce the potential for exposure and risk to listed dicot plants. The potential for adverse effects on monocotyledonous (monocot) plants and on nonlisted dicot plants is considered low. The likelihood of acute mortality to mammals, birds , reptiles and terrestrial

-phase amphibians is considered low as RQ values do not exceed the Agency ’s LOC

. Despite the absence of chronic ecotoxicity data for estuarine/marine organisms , a comparison of the available aquatic toxicity data with the relatively

l ow EECs o f fluxapyroxad in surface water demonstrate a low likelihood that the proposed use s will result in chronic risk to aquatic organisms. Similarly, the fluxapy roxad technical grade active ingredient (TGAI) does not pos e an acute risk to fish or aquatic invertebrates. H owever, potential spray drift of fluxapy

roxad co formulated with py

raclostrobin does result in a risk of acute mortality to fish and aquatic invertebrates

. The increased toxicity o f (and therefore risk from) the dual a.i. products for these taxa, when compared to fluxapy roxad TGAI and single a.i. formulations , is consistent with the toxicity profile for py

raclostrobin , which is evaluated in a separate risk assessment. The likelihood of adverse effects to sediment

- dwelling invertebrates and aquatic plants is considered low as RQ values do not approach or exceed the Agency ’s LOC.
The proposed uses of fluxapy roxad co - occur with 1, 230 unique species that are listed as federally threatened or endangered in the continental United States, Alaska, and Hawaii. These federally threatened or endangered species are referred to collectively as “listed species” throughout this assessment. The potential for direct and indirect effects to listed species as a result of the proposed uses of fluxapy roxad is summarized in **Table 1.1** 

. Although the total number (1, 230 ) of co - occurring listed species includes both aquatic and terrestrial invertebrates, this screening

- level assessment does not evaluate risk to terrestrial invertebrates.

**Table 1** 
**. 1** 
**. Potential effects to federally listed taxa associated with the proposed uses of fluxapyroxad.** 
**Listed Taxon Di** **rect Effects Indirect Effects from Risk to Other Taxa** 

**Yes/No Acute/Chronic**  **Yes/No Through ...**  Terrestrial and semi

aquatic plants

– monocots and dicots Yes (dicots only) NA Yes Chronic effects on birds, terrestrial

-phase am phibians, and mammals, when required for pollination or seed dispersal.

Birds Yes Chronic Yes Chronic effects on mammals that serve as prey; chronic effects on reptiles and am phibians that serve as prey. Terrestrial

-phase am phibians Yes Chronic Yes Chronic effects on mammals which provide habitat ( e.g. , burrows) and serve as prey.
Reptiles Yes Chronic Yes Chronic effects on mammals that serve as prey; chronic effects on birds, reptiles, and am phibians that serve as prey.

Mammals Yes Chronic Yes Chronic effects on birds, reptiles, and am phibians that serve as prey; chronic effects on mammals that serve as prey. Aquatic plants No NA Yes Effects on semi

- aquatic dicot plants that serve as primary producers.

Freshwater fish Yes Acute ( dual a.i. EP s only) Yes Effects on semi

- aquatic dicot plants that provide habitat and serve as primary producers.-Page 7 of 150

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Aquatic

-phase am phibians Yes Acute ( dual a.i. EP s only) Yes Chronic effects on terrestrial

-phase am phibians; effects on semi

- aquatic dicot plants that provide habitat and serve as primary producers.

Freshwater invertebrates Yes Acute ( dual a.i. EP s only) Yes Effects on semi

- aquatic dicot plants that provide habitat and serve as primary producers.

Molluscs No NA Yes Effects on semi

- aquatic dicot plants that provide habitat and serve as primary producers.

Marine/estuarine fish Yes Acute ( dual a.i. EP s only) Yes Effects on semi

- aquatic dicot plants that provide habitat and serve as primary producers. Marine/estuarine invertebrates Yes Acute ( dual a.i. EP s only) Yes Effects on semi

- aquatic dicot plants that provide habitat and serve as primary producers. EP End

-use product. NA Not applicable. 

## 2. **Problem Formulation**
**2.1. Nature of Chemical Stressor**  Fluxapy roxad ( 3

- (difluoromethyl)

- 1

-methyl

-N

- (3',4',5'

-trifluoro[1,1'

-biphenyl]

- 2

- yl)

- 1H

py razole

- 4

- carboxamide) is a new active ingredient proposed for use as a fungicide. The chemical’s mode of action is the inhibition of the enzy me succinate dehydrogenase, also known as complex II, in the mitochondrial el ectron transport chain. By inhibiting mitochondrial respiration and the subsequent production of ATP in fungal cells, fluxapy roxad inhibits spore germination, mycelial growth, and sporulation of the fungus on the surface of leaves and seeds (proposed labe l)

. **2.2. Stressor Source and Distribution**  Fluxapy roxad is an emulsifiable (EC) or suspension concentrate (SC) fungicide associated with six formulated end

-use products (four foliar treatment product s and two seed treatment product s , see **Appendix A**)

. Proposed foliar uses include applications to wheat, barley, corn, bean and pea legumes, peanuts, pome/stone fruits, fruiting vegetables, oil seed, root and tuberous vegetable crops. Proposed seed treatment s include use s on barley, corn, cotton, dried shelle d peas and beans, edible podded legume vegetables, oat, peanut, rye, sorghum, soy bean, sunflower, wheat and triticale seed. For the proposed seed treatment products (BAS 700 02 F and BAS 700 03 F) , fluxapy roxad will be applied to seeds as a water

-based slurry or mist. The proposed seed treatment label s do not indicate how treated seeds will be pl anted or applied to the field. The proposed f

oliar application labels indicate that the best coverage of crops would be accomplished by ground application; however, aerial application and applications through sprinkler irrigation equipment are permitted. It should also be noted that two of the proposed products (BAS 703 01 F and BAS 703 02 F) also contain the active ingredient py raclostrobin. This evaluation is l imited to the exposure associated with fluxapyroxad specifically and not py raclostrobin ; however, risk based on exposure to the formulated product(s) is assessed, where data are sufficient to permit analysis, based on the content of fluxpy roxad in the relevant formulations

.-Page 8 of 150

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### One major degradate was identified in the aerobic and anaerobic metabolism studies, M700F001 [ 3

- (difluoro

-methyl)

- 1

-methyl

- 1H

-py razole

- 4

- carboxylic acid]. B ased on discussions with the Residues of Concern Knowledgebase Subcommittee (RO CKS), only the parent compound is considered a residue of concern (D390225, 7/14/2011).
**2.3. Receptors** 
The receptor is the biological entity that is exposed to the stressor (US EPA 1998). F or this assessment, the receptor includes terrestrial and aquatic animals inhabiting fields where fluxapy roxad foliar applications occur or treated seeds are planted , and non -target areas to where fluxapy roxad is transported (via spray drift, runoff or leaching to groundwater). Consistent with the process described in the Overview Document (USEPA 2004 a), the risk assessment uses a surrogate species approach in its evaluation of fluxapy roxad

. T oxicological data generated from surrogate test sp ecies, which are intended to be representative of broad taxonomic groups, are used to extrapolate to potential effects on a variety o f species (receptors) included under these taxonomic groupings.
**2.4. Assessment Endpoints**  Assessment endpoints represent the actual environmental value that is to be protected, defined by an ecological entity

( species, community, or other entity) and its attributes (EPA 1998). F or fluxapy roxad , the ecological entities include birds, mammals, freshwater fish and invertebrates, estuarine/marine fish and invertebrates, terrestrial plants, insects, and aquatic plants and algae. The attributes evaluated for each of these entities may include growth, reproduction, and survival.
**2.5. Conceptual Model** 
For a pesticide to pose an ecological risk, it must reach ecological receptors in biologically significant concentrations. An exposure pathway i s the means by

which a pesticide moves in the environment from a source to an ecological receptor. F or an ecological pathway to be complete, it must have a source, a release mechanism, an environmental transport medium, a point of exposure for ecological receptors, and a feasible route of exposure.
A conceptual model provides a written description and visual representation of the predicted relationships between fluxapy roxad , the potential routes of exposure, and the predicted effects for each assessment endpoint. A conceptual model consists of two major components: the risk hy pothesis and the conceptual diagram (EPA 1998).

**2.5.1. Risk Hypothesis** 
For fluxapy

roxad , the following ecological risk hypothesis is employed for this risk assessment: Fluxapyroxad has slight to moderate mobility in soil; it can move to surface water through spray drift

, runoff , and erosion and it has potential to leach to ground water in vulnerable environments (e.g., high water tables, high rainfall/irrigation, sandy soils with low organic-Page 9 of 150

-



### matter, etc.)

. Therefore, fluxapyroxad may produce adverse effects on survival, growth, and/or reproduction of aquatic animals. There is also the potential for risk to benthic invertebrates, given fluxapyroxad ’s persistence in water and sediment

. Based on the compound’s persistence, fluxapyroxad may pose a chronic risk to small birds, terrestrial

phase amphibians and reptiles and mammals. Based on previous assessments of a similarly structured carboxamide fungicide, there is potential risk to terrestrial plants and uncertainty regarding the potential effects of fluxapyroxide co

- formulated with pyraclostrobin on the honey bee (Apis mellifera).
**2.5.2. Conceptual Diagram**  The environmental fate properties of fluxapy roxad indicate that for foliar applications, spray drift and runoff are potential transport mechanism s of fluxapy roxad to aquatic habitats where nontarget organisms may

b e exposed. It is expected that non-target terrestrial organisms can be exposed to foliar applications of fluxapy roxad through consumption of exposed plants and invertebrates

. With regards to the seed treatments, fluxapy roxad may reach aquatic habitats via leaching of the chemical from the seed coat into field runoff and groundwater. Itis expected that non-target terrestrial organisms can be exposed to fluxapy roxad through consumption of treated seeds

. These transport mechanisms ( i.e ., sources) are depicted in the conceptual models below (**Figures 2** 

**- 1**  and **2**

**- 2**  are for terrestrial and aquatic exposure to foliar applications and **Figures 2**

**- 3**  and **2**

**- 4**  are for terrestrial and aquatic exposure to seed treatments ) along with the receptors of concern and the potential attribute changes in the receptors due to exposures of fluxapy roxad

. Dotted lines represent transport pathways that are assumed to have a low likelihood of occurring and/or of contributing to ecologi cal risk.-Page 10 of 150

-

**Figure 2** 

**- 1** 
**. Conceptual m** **odel for potential fluxapyroxad foliar treatm ent effects on aquatic organisms.** 

**Figure 2** 

**- 2** 
**. Conceptual m** **odel for potential fluxapyroxad foliar treatm** **ent effects on terrestrial organisms.**-Page 11 of 150

-

**Figure 2** 

**- 3** 
**. Conceptual m** **odel f or potential fluxapyroxad seed**  **treatm ent effects on aquatic organisms.** 

**Figure 2** 

**- 4** 
**. Conceptual m** **odel f or potential fluxapyroxad seed**  **treatm ent effects on terrestrial organisms.** -Page 12 of 150

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### 2.6. **Analysis Plan**
The analys is plan is the final step in Problem Formulation. During this step, an assessment design is developed, the scope of the assessment is outlined, the methods for conducting the assessment are determined, measurements of effects and exposure to evaluate the risk hy pothesis are delineated, and initial data gaps and assumptions required to address them are identified.

**2.6.1. Conclusions from Previous Risk Assessments** 
As this is a new registration for a global chemical, there are no previous US EPA ecological risk assessments for fluxapy

roxad.
**2.6.2. Identification of Data Gaps and Uncertainties** 
In terms of environmental fate studies required to support the registration of fluxapy roxad, there are no data gaps for fluxapy roxad.
With respect to data requirements to support the assessment of eco logical effects , acceptable chronic toxicity

data for estuarine/marine fish and invertebrates in the water column have not been submitted. The registrant submitted a life cycle study with the mysid shrimp ( Americamysis bahia ), but the study was classified as invalid due to poor reproductive performance in controls, the absence of gui deline

- recommended measurements, and uncertainties regarding the effects of an altered photoperiod on the study p erformance. There is uncertainty regarding avian toxicity b ecause non- guideline lighting regimes were used in multiple studies and a definitive NOAEC was not established in the avian reproduction study with bobwhite quail ( Colinus virginianus). With respect to terrestrial plant toxicity, apparent adjuvant interference in a seedling emergence study reduces confidence in these toxicity endpoints. **Appendix F**  provides more detail on the guideline studies that were classified as either supplemental or invalid. Additional ecotoxicity data are not being requested at this time because such data would be unlikely to impact the screening level risk conc lusions based on the currently proposed uses

. Two of the flux a

py roxad end

-use products (BAS 703 01 F and BAS 703 02 F) proposed for registration are co - formulated with py raclostrobin and are similar in that respect to the registered fungicide product, Pri stine 

. 

### The Pristine  

### product , which is another formulation from the fluxapy roxad registrant , contains the similarly structured, py ridine carboxamide fungicide boscalid (25.2%) and py raclostrobin (12.8%). Previous risk assessments for boscalid (DP Barcodes D 363523, D 3 79809 , D38 5653 ) have described uncertainties regarding potential effects of Pristine  

### on development of honey b ee brood, based on incident reports (BASF 2008) and communications with beekeepers (personal communication) 1



### .

1 Personal communication in 2011: B. Brandi, L. Sundberg, R. Olivaris, D. Cox, K. Ward; commercial beekeepers in California.-Page 13 of 150

- 

### 2.6.3. **Measures of Exposure** Screening

- level assessments are intended to be prote ctive of wildlife on a national level , as opposed to being regionally

- or locally

- specific. Therefore, this assessment is not intended to represent a spatially

- or temporally

- specific analysis. Maximum application rates are used to model estimated environmental concentrations (EECs)

. M easures of exposure are based on aquatic and terrestrial models that calculate EECs using labeled application rates and methods. Exposure modeling assumes that the seed treatment use will not result in spray drift. P articulate drift, which may

o ccur from abrasion of treated seeds during field application, is not assessed in screening

- level exposure models. Groundwater is also assessed due to the moderate leaching potential of fluxapy

roxad and the potential to use groundwater as irrigation water on crops
. As this is a new registration, there are currently no monitoring data for fluxapy roxad for comparison to model

- generated EECs.
In the conduct of this screening

- level as sessment, Tier I models are employed unless exposure concentrations indicate an exceedence of ecological levels of concern. Surface water EECs are calculated using the Generic Estimated Environmental Concentration (GENEEC, v
. 2.0 , 8/1/2001 ) model

. EECs for sediment

- dwelling invertebrates and for drift only analys es are estimated using the Pesticide Root Zone Model (PRZM v
. 3.12.2, 5/15/05) and Exposure Analysis Modeling System (EXAMS v
. 2.98.04.06, 4/25/05), coupled with the input shell pe5v0 (11/15/06). Groundwater concentrations are estimated using the Screening Concentration in Ground Water ( SCIGROW, v. 2.3, 7/30/2003 ) model

. The Terrestrial Residue Exposure Model (T

- REX, version 1. 4 .1, 10/9/200 8 ) is used to derive terrestrial EECs on food items (USEPA 200 8 ) for terrestrial vertebrates

. The TerrPlant model (v. 1.2.2, 12/26/2006) is used to derive runoff EECs for estimating exposures to terrestrial plants inhabiting dry and semi

- aquatic areas (USEPA 2006b)

. Exposure estimates using the Screening Tool for Inhalation Risk (STIR, v. 1.0, 11/23/2010 ) and the Screening Imbibition Program (SIP , v. 1.0, 8/19/2010 ) indicated that inhalation and drinking water, respectively, were not expected to be significant routes of exposure for wildlife (**Appendix D**  and **E** )

. Exposure models are parameterized using relevant use and environmental fate data according to EFED input parameter guidance.

**2.6.4. Measures of Effect** 
Measures of effect are obtained from a suite of registrant

- submitted guideline studies which are conducted with a limited number of surrogate species. The test species are not intended to be representative of the most sensitive species but rather are selected based on their ability to thrive under laboratory

c onditions. F or example, toxicity testing reported in this risk assessment utilizes surrogate species to represent all freshwater fish (>2000 species) and birds (>680 species) identified in the U.S. Open literature searches are not conducted to identify data for potential use in this risk assessment because fluxapy roxad is a new active ingredient.
The acute measures of effect used in this screening

- level assessment include the median lethal dose (LD 50 

### ), median lethal concentration (LC 50 

### ), and the median effect concentration (EC 50 

### ). These are measures of acute toxicity which result in 50% of the respective effect in tested organisms. The endpoints for chronic measures of effect are the No Observed Adverse Effects Concentration (NOAEC) and the No Observed Adverse Effects Lev el (NOAEL). T oxicity-Page 14 of 150

-



### studies are submitted for freshwater fish and invertebrates, estuarine/marine fish and invertebrates, aquatic and terrestrial plants, birds, mammals and honey b ees. The measurement endpoints u sed for risk characterization are derived from studi es which underwent review and are classified as “acceptable” (conducted under guideline conditions and considered to be scientifically

s ound) or “supplemental” (conditions deviated from guidelines but the results are scientifically

sound).
**2.6.5. Integration of Exposure and Effect** **s** The exposure and toxicity effects data are integrated to evaluate the risks of adverse ecological effects on non-target species. F or the screening

- level assessment of fluxapy roxad , the deterministic, risk quotient (RQ) method is used to compare estimated exposure and measured toxicity values. The RQ method involves dividing EECs by acute and chronic toxicity v alues. The resulting RQs are then compared to the Agency ’s levels of concern (LOCs) (USEPA 2004 a). These criteria are used to indicate if appli cations of fluxapy roxad , as directed on the label, have the potential to cause adverse e ffects to non

-target organisms. Although risk is often de scribed in terms of the likelihood and magnitude of adverse effects, the risk quotient

-based approach does not provide a quantitative estimate of likelihood or magnitude of an adverse effect, but rather provides a “yes” or “no” answer depending upon whether or not LOCs are exceeded.



## 3. **Analysis**
**3.1. Use Characterization**  Fluxapy roxad is a new fungicide active ingredient (a.i.) included in multiple , formulated end

-use products , and is proposed for use on wheat, barley, corn, bean and pea legumes, peanuts, pome and stone fruits, fruiting vegetables, oil seed, root and tuberous vegetable crops. F oliar applications can be made via aerial, ground, or chemigation equipment. Proposed seed treatments include use s on barley, corn, cotton, dried shelled peas and beans, edible podded legume vegetables, oat, peanut, rye, sorghum, soy bean, sunflower, wheat and triticale seed. Application of the fungicide to seeds can be accomplished through water

-based slurry, using standard slurry

or mist

- ty

pe seed treatment application equipment. Areview of the labels indicates that many

of the uses have similar applic ation rates and retreatment intervals. As such, these uses have been grouped for ease of exposure modeling. Application rates and retreatment intervals for the groups considered in the modeling runs are provided in **Table 3.1** 

. F or seeding applications, the highest, mean, and lowest equivalent application rates were used to provide a range of potential exposure concentrations. Equivalent a pplication rates for seed applications in lbs ai per acre were developed using label information, provided in units of lbs ai/100 lbs of seed, and seeding rates provided by O PP’s Biological and Economic Analysis Division (Becker and Ratnayake 2011 ). Seeding rates are provided in **Appendix A, Table 2**

.-Page 15 of 150

-

**Table 3** 
**. 1** 
**. Fluxapyroxad**  **application rates and retreatment intervals for proposed uses.**

**Use(s) App** 
**.**

**Me thod**  **Max.**

**Single App** 
**. Rate**  **(lbs a.i./A)**  **No. of** 

**App s**  **. 1**  **Retreatm ent** 

**Interval (days)**  **PHI**

**( days)**  **Max. Annual**

**App. Rate (lbs a.i./**  **A/year)** Dried shelled beans (except soy beans) Foliar 0.18 2 7 21 0.36
Stone fruits Foliar 0.110 3 2 7 0 0.329 Barley, oat, rye, wheat, triticale Foliar 0.089 2 3 3 21 0.179 Corn, e dible podded legume vegetables, o ilseed crops ( other) , succulent shelled peas and beans, soybeans Foliar 0.089 2 7 7

- 21 4 0.179
Fruiting vegetables, tuberous and corm vegetables Foliar 0.089 3 2 7 7 0.268 Oilseed crops ( canola/rapeseed) Foliar 0.089 2 14 21 0.179 Peanut, sugar beet Foliar 0.089 3 2 14 7 0.268 Pome fruits Foliar 0.089 4 2 7 0 0.358 Wheat, triticale (high rate) Seed 0.078 1 NA NA 0.078 P odded legume (medium rate) Seed 0.022 1 NA NA 0.022 S unflower (low rate) Seed 0.0008 1 NA NA 0.0008 App.

- Application. Max.

- Maximum. N/A

- Not applicable. No.

– Number. PHI

– Pre

-harvest interval. 1 Maximum num

ber of applications specified on label. 2 Label specifies no more than 2 consecutive applications before alternating to a fungicide with a different mo de of action. 3 The retreatment interval was not specified on the labels, so a default value of 3 was assumed. This wa s estimated as the minimum amount of time necessary to apply the pesticide, evaluate the effects of the application, and determine if subsequent applications are required. 4 Sweet corn, edible podded legume vegetables, and succulent shelled peas and beans have a PHI of 7 days. All other uses in this group have a PHI of 21 days. 

### 3.2. **Exposure Characterization**
**3.2.1. Environmental Fate and Transport**  Fluxapy roxad is stable to hydrolys is at pH value s of 5, 7 and 9, and is stable to both soil and aqueous photolysis. F luxapy roxad is not expected to volatilize (vapor pressure of 6.1 x 10 - 11 

### Torr at 25  ̊ C). F luxapy

roxad does not readily

undergo aerobic or anaerobic degradation in soil, with single first

- order half

- lives ranging from 213 to 1,827 days. There did not appear to be any relationship between soil metabolism half

- lives and pH, organic carbon, or cation exchange capacity (fluxapy

roxad was persistent for years under all conditions tested)

. Low carbon dioxide ( CO 2 

### ) levels were observed in the aerobic soil metabolism studies, with very little transformation product being formed. There was an increase in unextracted residue formation with an increase in temperature without an effect on CO 2 

### and transformation product formation, and without the detection of parent in unextracted residue (MRID 47923684). C oupled with the fact that-Page 16 of 150

-



### fluxapy roxad is moderately

to slightly mobile (see mobility discussion below), there is the potential that the half

- life values determined in these studies are more representative of adsorption than of biotransformation. Fluxapy roxad does not readily

undergo aerobic or anaerobic degradation in aquatic s ystems, with single first

- order half

- lives ranging from 420 to 731 days. In aerobic aquatic studies, fluxapy roxad partitioned to sediment, reaching levels in sediment above 50% of the applied between 3 and 7 days after treatment.
Inthe terrestrial field dissipation studies conducted on b are soil at six locations throughout North America, fluxapy

roxad was detected infrequently b elow the top 6 inches of the soil, dissipating with half

- lives ranging from 17 to 436 days in the top 6 inches

. The 17 day dissipation half

- life was calculated for a study conducted in Texas using an nth 

### order model (IORE)

. Fluxapy roxad is classified as moderately to slightly

mobile (FAO soil mobility c lassification) based on organic carbon partition ( adsorption ; Koc 

### ) values in two U.S. soils ranging from 725 to 1 ,200 mL/goc 

### . Adsorption Koc 

### values for six foreign soils were similar, ranging from 496 to 1,424 mL/goc 

### . Freundlich soil partitioning coefficients (KF

### ) for adsorption for the two U.S. soils ranged from 2.5 to 8.6 ml/g (4.3 to 17.9 ml/g for foreign soils)

. Based on its mobility and exceptionally

l ong environmental persistence , f luxapy roxad has the potential to leach to ground water, particularly where high water tables are present, high rainfall/irrigation occurs, and where sandy soils with low organic matter exist. As mentioned above, in the majority of terrestrial field dissipation studies, fluxapyroxad was detected infrequently at depths greater than 6 inches. However, given fluxapy

roxad’s persistence and mobility, the terrestrial field dissipation studies, which only

l asted a maximum of 472 days, may not have been long enough to capture leaching over time. Additionally, because analys is of bulk soil core samples collected during terrestrial field dissipation studies is, in general, less efficient at detecting compounds in soil pore water than suction lysimeters, the terrestrial field dissipation studies are less likely to capture potential leaching of fluxap yroxad.
A bioconcentration in fish (BCF) laboratory study involving bluegill sunfish ( Lepomis m acrochirus ; MRID 47923730) showed that after 28 days of exposure to fluxapy roxad (1.0 and 10.0 μg a.i./L), whole fish BCF values (based on total radioactivity) were 86 and 93 (μg/kg

-ww per μg/L), respectively. T ime to reach 90% depuration was 2.5 and 2.4 days, respectively. Therefore, fluxap yroxad is not likely to bioaccumulate. One major degradate was identified in one of eight soils in the aerobic metabolism studies and in the anaerobic metabolism studies, M700F001 [ 3

- (difluoro

-methyl)

- 1

- methyl

- 1H

-py raz ole

- 4

- carboxyl ic acid]. Inthe single soil, M700F001 reached a level of 33% at Day 123 and decreased to a level of 29% by

the end of the study

(Day 3 63, MRID 47923684 ). In the remaining seven soils, M700F001 was below 6% throughout the conduct of the studies. In the anaerobic soil metabolism study

(MRID 47923688 ), M700F001 reached a level of 10% at the end of the study (Day 1 23). B ased on discussions with the Residues of Concern Knowledgebase Subcommittee (RO CKS), only

the parent compound was considered a residue of concern in drinking water (D390225, 7/14/2011). **Table 3.2**  summarizes the physicochemical and fate properties of fluxapy roxad.-Page 17 of 150

-

**Table 3** 
**. 2** 
**. Chemical properties and environmental fate param** **eters of fluxapyroxad.**  **Chemical Fate/Param eter**  **Value Source**  **(M RID)**  **Study**

**Classification Comments**  IUPAC Name 3

- (difluoromethyl)

- 1

- methyl

-N

- (3',4',5'

-trifluoro[1,1'

-biphenyl]

- 2

- yl)

- 1 H

-py

razole

-4

- carboxamide Chemical Formula C 18 H 12F 5N 3 O Chemical Structure

Molecular Mass (g/mol) 381.31 Vapor Pressure (25°C) ( Torr) 6.1 x 10 - 11 47923505 Acceptable Not expected to volatilize Solubility (20°C) (ppm) 3.44 (pH 7) 47923509 Acceptable Octanol

- water partition coefficient (Kow) 1 , 288 (log Kow = 3.11) 47923511 Acceptable Dissociation constant (pKa) 12.58 47923514 Acceptable Hydrolysis half

- life (pHs 5,7,9 ; 50 °C) No evidence of degradation at all three pH s 47923512 / 4 8409101 Acceptable

Aqueous photolysis half

- life No evidence of degradation 47923513 Acceptable Soil photolysis half

- life No evidence of degradation 47923690 Acceptable Aerobic soil metabolism half

life; soil texture 213 days (NJ, loam) 1 1,82 7 days (ID, sandy loam) 2 676 days (IL, loam) 2 387 days (WI, loamy sand) 2 47923684 Acceptable No observed correlation between half

lives and individual soil properties. 72 9 days (CA, sandy loam) 2 295 days (GA, sandy loam) 2 ,3 345 days (IN, loam) 2 ,3 238 days (NC, sandy loam) 2 ,3 47923691 Acceptable

Anaerobic soil metabolism half

- life; soil texture 591 days (NJ, loam) 2 47923688 Supplemental
Aerobic aquatic metabolism half

- life 420 days (silt loam) 2 701 days (sand) 2 47923713 Acceptable P artitioned mainly to sediments Anaerobic aquatic metabolism half

- life 731 days 4792371 4 Supplemental Range of Freundlich soil partition coefficients (KF , mL/g) for adsorption; 8.6 (NJ, silt loam) 2.5 (CA, sandy loam) 6.8 (Germany, loamy sand) 4.2 (Germany, sand) 5.7 (Germany, loamy sand) 12.3 (Spain, silty clay) 18.3 (Germany, clay silt) 14.0 (Japan, sandy silt) 47923707 Acceptable S ix foreign soils fo und to be representative of agricultural areas where the pesticide will be used

. Range of organic carbon partition coefficient s (K oc , mL/g oc) 1,195 (NJ, silt loam) 725 (CA, sandy loam) 981 (Germany, loamy sand) 978 (Germany, sand) 47923707 Acceptable S ix foreign soils fo und to be representative-Page 18 of 150

-

**Chemical Fate/Param eter**  **Value Source**  **(M RID)**  **Study**

**Classification Comments**  827 (Germany, loamy sand) 496 (Spain, silty clay) 1,424 (Germany, clay silt) 819 (Japan, sandy silt) of agricultural areas where the pesticide will be used

. Terrestrial field dissipation half

- life 76 days (MB 4 , clay loam) 47923695 Acceptable All applications were to bare ground. 16.7 days (TX, clay loam) 5 120 days (IL, silt loam) 332 days (NY, sandy loam) 47923696 Acceptable

314 days (CA , sandy loam) 436 days (WI , sand) 47923697 Acceptable
Bioconcentration factor 86

- 93(whole fish) 47923730 Acceptable 1 Estimates using the first

- order, multiple

- com partment (FOMC) mo del provided a better fit to the data, but, as only single first

- order (SFO) mo del estimates are currently used by EFED in estimating ecological exposure s , the half

life presented is from a SFO fit of the data. 2 Half

- lives extrapolated beyond length of studies (368 days for MRID 47923684, 120 days for MRID 47923691, 123 days for MRID 47923688, 100 days for MRID 47923713, and 365 days for MRID 47923714). 3 These estimates are based on the SFO mo del

. However using the interim EFED kinetics mo deling guidance, SFO is not the best model of degradation in these s tudies. Representative half

- lives based on alternative mo dels are as high as 613 (GA), 2,580 (IN), and 1,561 (NC) days. 4 MB

– Manitoba, Canada 5 Dissipation half

- life was calculated using an nth order mo del (IORE). U sing current EFED kinetics guidance, not available at the time of this estimation, suggests that a longer half

- life of 117 days may be more appropriate.


### 3.2.2. **Aquatic Exposure**
Inthe conduct of this screening

- level assessment, GENEEC was used to calculate aquatic e stimated environmental concentrations (EECs) for fluxapy roxad . I f aquatic EECs had exceeded ecological levels of concern, a more refined model (PRZM/EXAMS) would have be en employed. EECs for fluxapy roxad in surface water were generated based on maximum labeled use rates ( **Table 3.**  **1** ) and fate input parameters ( **Table 3. 3**  ) , developed using current EFED Input Parameter Guidance (USEPA, 2009)

. Although the labels specify that, for multiple applications of fluxapy

roxad, no more than two applications should be made consecutively be fore alternating to a fungicide with a different mode of action, GENEEC does not have the capability to model multiple applications with varying retreatment intervals. F or scenarios where three or four applications of fluxapy

roxad could be made, the applications were conservatively modeled as consecutive applications. A soil incorporation depth of 0 inches was assumed, as fluxapy roxad can be applied on a variety of seeds, with varying planting depths , and no incorporation provide s conservative exposure estimate s for transport in runoff

. **Table 3** 
**. 3** 
**. Input parameters used in surface water exposure m** **odeling (GENEEC). Variable Nam** **e Data Value**  **Data Source MRID(s)**  **Comment** Application Method Aerial ( foliar treatment), granular (seed treatment) Proposed labels Application Rate (lbs. ai/acre) See **Table 3.1** Proposed labels Application Frequency See **Table 3.1** Proposed labels-Page 19 of 150

- **Variable Nam e**  **Data Value Data Source**  **MRID(s) Comment**  Application Interval (days) See **Table 3.1** Proposed labels Incorporation depth (in) 0

-- Assumed no incorporation Koc 931 mL/g oc 47923707 Mean of eight values 1

Aerobic Soil Metabolism t 1/2 = 857 days 47923684, 47923691 90 th percentile on

mean (589 days) of 8 values 1 Solubility 3.44 ppm 47923509 Aerobic Aquatic Metabolism t 1/2 = 993 days 47923713 90 th percentile on mean (561 days) of 2 values 1 Photolysis t 1/2 = stable 47923513 **1** EFED input parameter guidance is located at: http://www.epa.gov/oppefed1/models/water/input_parameter_guidance.htm 

### EECs for fluxapy

roxad in groundwater used for irrigation purposes were generated based on maximum labeled use rates ( **Table 3.1**  ) and fate input parameters ( **Table 3.**  **4** ) , developed using current EFED Input Parameter Guidance (USEPA, 2009) and SCIGROW

. **Table 3** 
**. 4** 
**. Input parameters used in ground water exposure m** **odeling (SCIGROW). Variable Nam** **e Data Value**  **Data Source MRID(s)**  **Comment** Application Rate (lbs. ai/acre) 0.18 (foliar treatment) 0.078 (seed treatment) Proposed labels Application Frequency 2 (foliar treatment) 1 (seed treatment) Proposed labels
Aerobic Soil Metabolism t 1/2 = 366 days 47923684, 47923691 Median value of 8

values ranging from 213 to 1827 1
Koc 902 mL/g oc 47923707 Median of eight values 1
**1** EFED input parameter guidance is located at: http://www.epa.gov/oppefed1/models/water/input_parameter_guidance.htm


### To estimate exposure to sediment

- dwelling invertebrates and drift

- only exposure to formulated products, EECs were developed using PRZM/EXAMS , as the GENEEC model does estimate concentrations in pore water or as the result of drift

- only

. The same fate parameters used in the above mentioned aquatic exposure modeling were used ( **Table 3.3**  ). Drift

- only e stimates were only derived for foliar applications, as seed applications do not result in spray drift issues. The application efficiency

w as set to zero and the spray drift fraction was set to 0.05, to simulate an aerial application resulting in drift

- only c ontributions. The chemical application method (CAM) was set to 2, indicating an interception by the crop canopy

and the condition for disposition of the foliar pesticide after harvest was set to 1, indicating it was surface applied. Additionally, PRZM/EXAMS requires the entry o f the first application date and the use of crop - spe cific scenarios. These inputs are provided in **Table 3.5** 

. The date of the first application was determined considering a variety of factors. Initially the labels were consulted. For cereal crops-Page 20 of 150

-



### ( e.g ., barley, oats, rye, and wheat), the label s indicate to apply fluxapy roxad “after flag leaf emergence”, which occurs approximately 3 0 days after emergence (Anderson, 2008). H owever, in most instances, the labels indicated to apply fluxapy roxad “prior to disease development.” As fluxapy roxad is a fungicide, and most fungi thrive in moist, humid conditions, dates in the spring were considered. As fluxapy roxad is designed to attack diseases which affect the leaf, dates when leaves begin to appear were selected. F or most crops, this occurs approximately 1 4 days after emergence. With pome and stone fruits, the dates of emergence for scenarios outside of California were selected as they correspond with dates at when flowering occurs. For California PRZM/EXAMS scenarios, the first day o f spring was used as the day of application, since the date of emergence for these scenarios occurred in early J anuary
. A list of the scenarios modeled is provided in Table 3.5. The scenario with the maximum EEC is highlighted in bold. The selected crop

- specific scenarios are standard Agency

- developed scenarios.

**Table 3** 
**. 5**  **. Application scenarios and start dates for PRZM/EXAMS m** **odeling.**

**Use(s) PRZ** **M/EXAMS Scenario**  **Emergence date**  **Date of first**

**application** Dried shelled beans (except soybeans) **MIbeansSTD** 6/1 6/15 1

Stone fruits **CAfruit_WirrigSTD** GAPeachesSTD 1/16 3/21 2

Barley, oat, rye, wheat, triticale **NDwheatSTD** CAWheatRLF NDwheatSTD 5/16 6/15 3

Corn, e dible podded legume vegetables, o ilseed crops ( other) , succulent shelled peas

and beans, soybeans **IAcornSTD** ILCornSTD MScornSTD MSsoybeanSTD OHCornSTD PAcornSTD 5/25 6/8 1

Fruiting vegetables, tuberous and corm

vegetables **CAtom ato_WirrigSTD**  FLpeppersSTD FLtomatoSTD PAtomatoSTD 3/1 3/15 1

Oilseed crops ( canola/rapeseed) **NDcanolaSTD** 5/16 5/30 1 Peanut, sugar beet **MNsugarbeetSTD** NCpeanutSTD 5/16 5 /30 1

Pome fruits **CAfruit_WirrigSTD** NCappleSTD ORappleSTD PAappleSTD 1/16 3/21 2

**Bold** values indicate scenarios which generated the highest surface water EECs. 1 Assumed first application occurs 14 days after emergence. 2Assumed first application occurs on first day of spring. 

### The EECs in **Table 3.**  **6** reflect the 1

- in

- 10 ye ar peak, 4

- day, 21

- day, 60

- day, and 90

- day surface water concentrations

. Model r uns using ground and airblast applications were also conducted, but resulted in EECs that were lower than those for aerial applications. The EECs in **Table 3.7**  reflect the 1

- in

- 10 ye ar peak and 4

- day surface water concentrations resulting from drift only.-Page 21 of 150

-



### For estimates to sediment

- dwelling invertebrates, only the dried shelled beans scenario was run, as it generated the highest peak surface water EECs in the GENEEC and PRZM/EXAMS (results not shown) runs. The sediment pore water acute EEC for this scenari o was 6.31 μg/L

. This estimate was c onverted to units of μg/kg dry sediment by us ing the pore water concentration, the sediment Koc 

### (931 L/kgoc 

### , **Table 3.3**  ) , and the equilibrium partitioning model, depicted in equation 1 (EQ1) , to yi eld a concentration of 23 7 μg/kg dry s ediment (USEPA, 2008 )

. Default values and the equation for K biota 

### were obtained from supporting documents from the FIFRA SAP in 2004 for Refined (Level II) Terrestrial and Aquatic Models (USEPA, 2004 b ).

= / ( ) 

### EQ(1)

Where C sed

- dw 

### concentration of pesticide in sediment on dry weight basis (mg ai/kg sediment, dry

weight) C pw 

### concentration of pesticide dissolved in pore water (mg ai/L) m sed 

### mass of sediment (assumed to be 675,200 kg) f oc 

### fraction of organic carbon in sediment (assumed to be 0.04) Koc 

### organic carbon normalized solid water distribution coefficient (m3 

### /kgoc

### ) mbiota 

### mass of biota in benthic compartment (assumed to be 0.06 kg) K biota 

### biota

-water partition coefficient (0.436 x [Koc

### /0.35] 0.907 

### )(m 3 

### /kg) mDOC 

### mass of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in benthic compartment

(assumed to be 1.249 kg) KDOC 

### DOC

-water partition coefficient (assumed equal to Koc 

### , m 3 

### /kgoc

### ) Vpw 

### volume of pore water ( assumed equal to 249.8 m 3 

### )

**Table 3** 
**. 6** 
**. Tier I surface water EECs of fluxapyroxad**  **(GENEEC)**
**.**

**Use(s) Application**  **Rate (lbs ai/A), Number of**  **apps, RTI EECs (μ**  **g/L)**

**Peak 4 day**  **21 day 60 day**  **90 day** Dried shelled beans (except soybeans) 0.18 x 2, 7 days 10.14 10.10 9.85 9.32 8.94

Stone fruits 0.110 x 3, 7 days 9.27 9.24 9.01 8.52 8.18 Barley, oat, rye, wheat, triticale 0.089 x 2, 3 days 5.02 5.00 4.88 4.61 4.43 Corn, e dible podded legume vegetables, o ilseed crops ( other) , succulent shelled peas and beans,

soy beans 0.089 x 2, 7 days 5.01 4.99 4.87 4.61 4.42
Fruiting vegetables, tuberous and corm vegetables 0.089 x 3, 7 days 7.50 7.47 7.29 6.89 6.62 Oilseed crops ( canola/rapeseed) 0.089 x 2, 14 days 5.00 4.98 4.86 4.60 4.41 Peanut, sugar beet 0.089 x 3, 14 days 7.47 7.44 7.25 6.86 6.58-Page 22 of 150

- **Use(s) Application**  **Rate (lbs ai/A), Number of**  **apps, RTI EECs (μ**  **g/L)**

**Peak 4 day**  **21 day 60 day**  **90 day**

Pome fruits 0.089 x 4, 14 days 9.98 9.94 9.69 9.17 8.80
Wheat, triticale (high rate) 0.078 x 1, NA 1.74 1.74 1.69 1.59 1.53
P odded legume (medium rate) 0.022 x 1, NA 0.49 0.49 0.48 0.45 0.43
S unflower (low rate) 0.0008 x 1, NA 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 RTI

– retreatment interval
**Table 3** 
**. 7**  **. EECs from spray**  **drift only following fluxpyroxad applications**  **(PRZ M/EXAMS)** 
**.**

**Use(s) EECs (μ**  **g/L)**

**Peak 4 day** 
Dried shelled beans (except soybeans) 1.97 1.93

Stone fruits 4.09 4.06 Barley, oat, rye, wheat, triticale 1.40 1.38 Corn, e dible podded legume vegetables, o ilseed crops ( other) , succulent shelled peas and beans, soybeans 1.12 1.10 Fruiting vegetables, tuberous and corm vegetables 2.45 2.43 Oilseed crops ( canola/rapeseed) 1.64 1.62 Peanut, sugar beet 2.16 2.13
Pome fruits 4.39 4.36


### SCIGROW runs were conducted for the maximum foliar application (dried shelled beans except soy beans ; 2 applications at 0.18 lbs ai/A) and seeding rates (wheat, triticale ; 1 application at 0.078 lbs ai/A). For groundwater sources of irrigation water, the estimated concentration of fluxapy roxad in shallow groundwater for applications to dry shelled beans (except soy beans) is 0.087 μg/L ; the estimated value for wheat and triticale seed applications is 0.019 μg/L

. The SCIGROW output file is provided in **Appendix C**

. The se estimated ground water concentrations represent concentrations that might be expected in shallow , unconfined aquifers under sandy soils , which are expected to be most vulnerable to pesticide contamination.

**3.2.3. Terrestrial Exposure**  The proposed application of fluxapy roxad to crops has the potential to reach non

-target terrestrial organisms via spray

drift and runoff (for plants). Non-target terrestrial organisms may also be exposed to fluxapy

roxad via treated seeds. For terrestrial animals, T

- REX (Version 1.4.1) is-Page 23 of 150

-



### used to calculate dietary

- and dose

-based EECs of fluxapy roxad for mammals and birds feeding on the site of application. Input values for T

- REX include the maximum single application rates, number of applications, and retreatment interval for a given use and are located in **Table 3.**  **1**

. In this assessment, EFED uses a default foliar dissipation half

- life of 35 days as an input for terrestrial exposure modeling in T

- REX

. The default value is generally consistent with information from residue decline studies submitted by the registrant and reviewed by HED [Global Joint Review Monograph B.7.6 Residues resulting from supervised trials (Annex IIA 6.3; Annex IIIA 8.3) , 2011]. Although half

- lives were not calculated, supervised field trials with legume vegetables, sunflower, canola, and sugar beet show that mean residues of the fluxapy roxad declined by

a pproximately

h alf in the three

-to

- four weeks (21 to 28 days) following application. F luxapy roxad was more persistent on cereal crops, including rice, barley, and wheat; residues in these matrices declined only s lightly or remained the same for the duration of the trial (30 days). Therefore, the default foliar dissipation value of 35 days may underestimate persistence in some crop s. Upper

-bound Kenega nomogram values based on Hoerger and Kenega (1972) as modified by Fletcher et al

. ( 1994 ) are used to derive EECs for fluxapy roxad exposures to terrestrial mammals and birds based on dietary

- and dose

-based exposures from foliar appli cations of fluxapy roxad ( **Table 3.**  **8** ). Aone - year time period is simulated. C onsideration is given to different ty pes of feeding strategies for mammals and birds, including herbivores, insectivores and granivores. For dose

-based exposures, three weight cl asses of mammals (15, 35, and 1000 g) and birds (20, 100, and 1000 g) are considered (**Appendix G** ). T

- REX is also used to calculate dose

-based EECs of fluxapy roxad for birds and mammals that consume treated seeds. S eeding rates (Becker and Ratnayake 2011) and the maximum application rate according to the proposed label are used to calculate dose

-based EECs (USEPA 2008 b ) and the mass of fluxapy roxad per unit area (mg ai/ft2 

### ) available for consumption by birds and mammals ( **Table 3. 9** **)**

.-Page 24 of 150

-

**Table 3** 
**. 8** 
**. Terrestrial EECs as food residues for anim** **als exposed to fluxapyroxad as a result of the proposed foliar uses.**

**Food Type Dietary Based**  **( mg** **/k g diet** **) (m** **ammals and birds)**  **Dose Based (m** **g/kg bw)**  **(birds) Dose Bas**  **ed (m** **g/kg bw)**  **(m ammals)** 
**All Size Classes Sm** **all**

**(20 g) Medium** 

**(100 g) Large** 

**(1000 g) Sm** **all**

**(15 g) Medium** 

**(35 g) Large** 

**(1000 g)** Dried shelled beans (except soybeans) ; 0.18 lbs ai/A; 2 applications; 7

- day interval Short grass 80.81 92.03 52.48 23.50 77.04 53.25 12.35 Tall grass 37.04 42.18 24.05 10.77 35.31 24.41 5.66 Broadleaf plants/small insects 45.45 51.77 29.52 13.22 43.34 29.95 6.94 Fruits/pods/l arge insects 5.05 5.75 3.28 1.47 4.82 3.33 0.77 Seeds (granivore) N/A 1.28 0.73 0.33 1.07 0.74 0.17 Stone fruits ; 0.11 lbs ai/A; 3 applications; 7

- day interval Short grass 69.39 79.03 45.07 20.18 66.16 45.72 10.60 Tall grass 31.80 36.22 20.65 9.25 30.32 20.96 4.86 Broadleaf plants/small insects 39.03 44.45 25.35 11.35 37.21 25.72 5.96 Fruits/pods/l arge insects 4.34 4.94 2.82 1.26 4.13 2.86 0.66 Seeds (granivore) N/A 1.10 0.63 0.28 0.92 0.64 0.15 Barley, oat, rye, wheat, triticale ; 0.089 lbs ai/A; 2 applications; 3

- day interval Short grass 41.49 47.25 26.94 12.06 39.56 27.34 6.34 Tall grass 19.02 21.66 12.35 5.53 18.13 12.53 2.91 Broadleaf plants/small insects 23.34 26.58 15.16 6.79 22.25 15.38 3.57 Fruits/pods/l arge insects 2.59 2.95 1.68 0.75 2.47 1.71 0.40 Seeds (granivore) N/A 0.66 0.37 0.17 0.55 0.38 0.09 Corn, e dible podded legume vegetables, o ilseed crops ( other) , succulent shelled peas and beans, soybeans ; 0.089 lbs ai/A; 2 applications; 7

- day interval Short grass 39.95 45.50 25.95 11.62 38.09 26.33 6.10 Tall grass 18.31 20.86 11.89 5.32 17.46 12.07 2.80 Broadleaf plants/small insects 22.47 25.60 14.60 6.53 21.43 14.81 3.43 Fruits/pods/l arge insects 2.50 2.84 1.62 0.73 2.38 1.65 0.38 Seeds (granivore) N/A 0.63 0.36 0.16 0.53 0.37 0.08 Fruiting vegetables, tuberous and corm vegetables ; 0.089 lbs ai/A; 3 applications; 7

- day interval Short grass 56.14 63.94 36.46 16.32 53.53 36.99 8.58 Tall grass 25.73 29.31 16.71 7.48 24.53 16.96 3.93 Broadleaf plants/small insects 31.58 35.97 20.51 9.18 30.11 20.81 4.82 Fruits/pods/l arge insects 3.51 4.00 2.28 1.02 3.35 2.31 0.54 Seeds (granivore) N/A 0.89 0.51 0.23 0.74 0.51 0.12-Page 25 of 150

- **Food Type Dietary Based**  **( mg** **/k g diet** **) (m** **ammals and birds)**  **Dose Based (m** **g/kg bw)**  **(birds) Dose Bas**  **ed (m** **g/kg bw)**  **(m ammals)** 
**All Size Classes Sm** **all**

**(20 g) Medium** 

**(100 g) Large** 

**(1000 g) Sm** **all**

**(15 g) Medium** 

**(35 g) Large** 

**(1000 g)** Oilseed crops ( canola/rapeseed) ; 0.089 lbs ai/A; 2 applications; 14

- day interval Short grass 37.55 42.76 24.39 10.92 35.80 24.74 5.74 Tall grass 17.21 19.60 11.18 5.00 16.41 11.34 2.63 Broadleaf plants/small insects 21.12 24.05 13.72 6.14 20.14 13.92 3.23 Fruits/pods/l arge insects 2.35 2.67 1.52 0.68 2.24 1.55 0.36 Seeds (granivore) N/A 0.59 0.34 0.15 0.50 0.34 0.08 Peanut, sugar beet ; 0.089 lbs ai/A; 3 applications; 14

- day interval Short grass 49.82 56.74 32.35 14.48 47.50 32.83 7.61 Tall grass 22.83 26.00 14.83 6.64 21.77 15.05 3.49 Broadleaf plants/small insects 28.02 31.91 18.20 8.15 26.72 18.46 4.28 Fruits/pods/l arge insects 3.11 3.55 2.02 0.91 2.97 2.05 0.48 Seeds (granivore) N/A 0.79 0.45 0.20 0.66 0.46 0.11 Pome fruits ; 0.089 lbs ai/A; 4 applications; 7

- day interval Short grass 70.24 79.99 45.61 20.42 66.96 46.28 10.73 Tall grass 32.19 36.66 20.91 9.36 30.69 21.21 4.92 Broadleaf plants/small insects 39.51 44.99 25.66 11.49 37.67 26.03 6.04 Fruits/pods/l arge insects 4.39 5.00 2.85 1.28 4.19 2.89 0.67 Seeds (granivore) N/A 1.11 0.63 0.28 0.93 0.64 0.15 N/A Not applicable.

**Table 3** 
**. 9** 
**. Terrestrial dose** 

**- based EECs for the range of seed**  **treatm ent uses proposed for fluxapyroxad.**  **Use (s)**  **A pp**  **R ate** 

**(lbs a**  **. i** 
**. /**  **100 lbs seed** **) Seeding Rate**  **1**

**(lbs s**  **eed/ A** **) App**  **Rate**

**(lbs a**
**. i** 
**. /A)**  **Seed**

**App Rate**  **(m g a**  **. i** 
**. /**  **kg seed) Dose** 
**- Based EEC** 

**(m g a**  **. i** 
**. /k** **g -**  **bw/day) Spatial**  **EEC (available a.i. per**  **unit area)**  **(m g a**  **. i** 
**. /** **ft 2** **) Birds**  **Mam mals**  Wheat, triticale (high rate) 0.05 156 0.078 500 127 106 0.81 P odded legume (medium rate) 0.01 225 0.022 100 25.3 21.2 0.23 S unflower ( low rate) 0.02 4 0.0008 200 50.6 42.4 0.01 Abbreviations: App Application. cwt Hundred weight (100 lbs seed). 1 Reference: Becker and Ratnayake (20 11 ).-Page 26 of 150

-



### TerrPlant is used to calculate EECs for non-target plants that inhabit dry and semi

- aquatic areas. In this assessment, exposure to non-target plants is calculated based on the potential runoff and spray drift of foliar applications of fluxapy roxad and potential runoff after seed treatment application ( **Table 3.**  **10** ). P otential exposure resulting from spray drift is not calculated for seed treatment applications because any spray drift of fluxapy

roxad associated with the seed treatment use is expected to be negligible. TerrPlant does not account for particulate drift.

**Table 3** 
**. 10** 
**. EECs for non** 

**- target terrestrial and sem** **i**

**- aquatic plants based on proposed uses of fluxapyroxad**  **(TerrPlant).**

**Use(s) Application**  **Technique Single Max.** 

**App**
**. Rate**  **(lbs a.i./A) EECs (lbs a.i./A)** 

**Semi**

**- Aquatic**  **Areas (Total)**  **Spray**

**Drift Dry** 

**Areas (Total)**  Dried shelled beans (except soybeans) Foliar 0.18 0.027 0.009 0.0108

Stone fruits Foliar 0.110 0.0165 0.0055 0.0066 Barley, oat, rye, wheat, triticale

Foliar 0.089 0.0134 0.0045 0.0053 Corn, e dible podded legume vegetables, o ilseed crops ( other) , succulent shelled peas and beans,

soy beans Fruiting vegetables, tuberous and corm vegetables Oilseed crops ( canola/rapeseed) Peanut, sugar beet
Pome fruits
Wheat, triticale (high rate) Seed 0.078 0.008 N/A 0.0008
P odded legume (medium rate) Seed 0.022 0.0022 N/A 0.0002
S unflower (low rate) Seed 0.0008 <0.0001 N/A <0.0001 App.

- Application. Max.

- Maximum. N/A

- Not applicable. 

### 3.3. **Ecological Effects Characterization**
**3.3.1. Ecotoxicity Data**  Toxicity endpoints used in risk estimation and characterization for the proposed new use s of fluxapy roxad are shown in **Table 3.**  **11** through **Table 3.**  **1 8** 

. Inthe current risk assessment, the most sensitive endpoints available from registrant

- submitted toxicity studies classified as acceptable or supplemental are the endpoints selected for quantitative use in risk estimation

.-Page 27 of 150

- 

### 3.3.1.1. Aquatic Organisms
Acute toxicity

data for fish and aquatic invertebrates are summarized in **Table 3.**  **11**

. Based on the available data, fluxapy roxad and its formulated end

-use products are highly to very highly toxic to most species of freshwater fish tested (rainbow trout, Onchorynchus mykiss ; fathead minnow, Pimephales promelas ; and carp, Cyprinus carpio ) on an acute exposure basis

. Flux a py roxad is at least moderately toxic to bluegill sunfish on an acute exposure basis

. The freshwater fish species sensitivity distribution (SSD) f

or fluxapy

roxad and its end

-use products is illustrated in **Figure 3.**  **1**

. The SSD represents acute toxicity data for the four fish species exposed to fluxapy roxad TGAIand additional data for rainbow trout exposed to both single and dual

- a.i. end

-us e products containing fluxapy roxad. This figure illustrates the proportion of freshwater fish species (Y

- axis) predicted to exhibit a standard response (50% mortality) at a given stressor intensity (X

- axis, concentration of fluxapyroxad a.i. ). The data p oints (open circles) represent the mean LC 50 

### value for rainbow trout (n=5 studies : fluxapy roxad TGAI and 4 EPs ) and the actual LC 50 

### values for carp, fathead minnow, and bluegill sunfish (n=1 study e ach). The LC 50 

### values from formulated product tests are adjusted for percent a.i. Although the carp was more sensitive than other fish species exposed to fluxapy roxad TGAI, the greater toxicity

o f co - formulated fluxpy roxad in the studies with rainbow trout and the absence of formulated product data for the other species artificially skews the distribution so that the trout appears more sensitive overall.

**Figure 3** 

**- 1** 
**. Species**  **sensitivity distribution**  **for freshwater**  **fish exposed**  **to fluxapyroxad**  **and its**  **end**
**- use**  **products ,**  **based on**  **registrant**

**- submitted**  **acute toxicity data.** 

### The fluxapy

roxad TGAI is moderately toxic to freshwater invertebrates (water flea, Daphnia magna ) , and f

ormulated fluxapy

roxad ranges from slightly toxic (BAS 700 04 F) to very highly toxic (BAS 703 02 F) to freshwater invertebrates , on an acute exposure basis. The fluxapy roxad TGAI is at least moderately toxic to estuarine/marine fish (sheepshead minnow, Cyprinidon-Page 28 of 150

-



### variegatus) and invertebrates (mys id shrimp, Americamysis bahia ) based on acute mortality and is highly toxic to estuarine/marine molluscs (Eastern oyster, Crassostrea virginica ) , based on reductions in shell growth during acute exposure

. Chronic toxicity

data for fish and aquatic invertebrates exposed to fluxapy roxad are summarized in **Table 3.**  **1 2** 

. Chronic toxicity has been demonstrated for freshwater fish based on reduced growth (body length) of juvenile fathead minnow in an early life stage toxicity test . An acute

-to

chronic ratio (ACR), based on the submitted acute and chronic toxicity data for fathead minnow, is used in this assessment to calculate a NOAEC value for use in risk estimation because chronic toxicity data were not submitted for the freshwater fish species (carp) most sensitive to acute exposure to fluxapy

roxad. The calculations for the ACR and the calculated NOAEC value for carp are detailed in the footnotes to **Table 3.12** 

. Similar to the fathead minnow, chronic exposure of freshwater invertebrates (water flea, or daphnid) to fluxapy roxad resulted in reduced growth (length) of parental daphnids and reduced reproduction in terms of the number of offspring per female daphnid. The chronic NOAEC values for freshwater fish and invertebrates were approximately

an order of magnitude lower than the acute toxicity values (LC 50 

### or EC 50 

### ) for the same species exposed to the TGAI. Acceptable chronic toxicity data for estuarine/marine fish and invertebrates in the water column have not b een submitted.
Sediment toxicity

data for fluxapy

roxad are summarized in **Table 3.1**  **3**

. Spiked sediment toxicity tests with the fluxapy

roxad TGAIinhibited growth (reduced dry weight) and survival in separate 10

- day

studies with the freshwater amphipod ( Hyalella azteca ) and the estuarine/marine amphipod (

Leptocheirus plumulosus ), respectively

. F lux a py roxad exposure in a 28

- day study with the freshwater midge ( Chironomus riparius) inhibited development and, at the highest treatment concentration, reduced emergence. Toxicity endpoints for aquatic plants exposed to fluxapy roxad and its formulations are shown in **Table 3. 1**  **4**

. The submitted studies all demonstrate a reduction in frond number (vascular plants) or cell density

(nonvascular plants) within the range of fluxapy roxad concentrations tested. Biomass was also reduced, ty pically at only slightly greater concentrations than those where frond number and cell density were impacted

. Based on the submitted studies, nonvascular plants are slightly

more sensitive to fluxapy roxad exposure than the vascular plant (duckweed, Lemna gibba ). The green alga ( Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata ) was the most sensitive nonvascular plant species tested and was most sensitive to fluxapy roxad co - formulated with py raclostrobin (BAS 703 01 F and BAS 703 02 F), followed by the TGAI, and least sensitive to solo formulations of fluxapy roxad (BAS 700 01 F and BAS 700 04 F).-Page 29 of 150

-

**Table 3** 
**. 11** 
**. Acute toxicity endpoints used in risk estim** **ation and characterization for fish and aquatic invertebrates exposed to fluxapyro xad in the**  **water colum n.** 

**Study Type Species**  **Test Material Endpoints**  1 ,2 **(m g a.i./L)**  **Toxicity Classi fication**  **(M RID)**  **(Study Classification)**

Acute toxicity to freshwater fish Rainbow trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss) TGAI LC 50 = 0.61 95% CI = 0.54

– 0.69 Highly toxic (47923722) (Acceptable)
EP (BAS 700 01 F) LC 50 = 0.47 95% CI = 0.39

– 0.58 Highly toxic (47923816 ) (Acceptable)
EP (BAS 700 04 F) LC 50 = 0.66 95% CI = 0.28

– 1.3 Highly toxic (47924113) (Acceptable)
EP (BAS 70 3 0 1 F) LC 50 = 0. 0074 95% CI = 0. 0051

– 0.011 Very highly toxic (47924212) (Acceptable)
EP (BAS 70 3 0 2 F) LC 50 = **0.0045** 95% CI = 0. 0031

– 0.0064 Very highly toxic (47924314) (Acceptable)
Fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas) TGAI LC 50 = 0.47 95% CI = 0.33

– 0.66 Highly toxic (47923724 ) (Acceptable) Bluegill sunfish ( Lepomis macrochirus) TGAI LC 50 = 1.2 95% CI = not determined Moderately toxic (47923723 ) (Acceptable) Carp ( Cyprinus carpio ) TGAI LC 50 = **0.29** 95% CI = 0.27

– 0.33 Highly toxic (47923725 ) (Acceptable)

Acute toxicity to freshwater invertebrates Water flea ( Daphnia magna ) TGAI EC 50 = **5.1** 95% CI = 4.8

– 5.5 Moderately toxic (47923731 ) (Acceptable)
EP (BAS 700 01 F ) EC 50 = 0.68 95% CI = 0.48

– 0.96 Highly toxic (47923817 ) (Acceptable)-Page 30 of 150

- **Study Type Species**  **Test Material Endpoints**  1 ,2 **(m g a.i./L)**  **Toxicity Classi fication**  **(M RID)**  **(Study Classification)** EP (BAS 700 04 F) EC 50 = 28 95% CI = not determined Slightly toxic (47924114) (Supplemental)
EP (BAS 70 3 0 1 F) EC 50 = 0.016 95% CI = 0.014

– 0.019 Very highly toxic (47924213) (Supplemental)
EP (BAS 70 3 0 2 F) EC 50 = **0.0083** 95% CI = 0.0075

– 0.0093 Probit slope = 9.1 (95% CI = 5.7

– 13) Very highly toxic (47924315) (Supplemental)
Acute toxicity to estuarine/marine fish Sheepshead minnow ( Cyprinidon variegatus) TGAI LC 50 = **1.3** 95% CI = 0.72

– 2.8 Moderately toxic (47923763) (Acceptable)
Acute toxicity to estuarine/marine crustaceans Mysid shrimp ( Americamysis bahia ) TGAI EC 50 = **3.6** 95% CI = 2.9

– 4.5 Moderately toxic (47923761 ) (Acceptable) Toxicity to estuarine/marine mo lluscs

– shell deposition Eastern oyster ( Crassostrea virginica ) TGAI IC 50 = **0.96** 95% CI = 0.08

– 1.13 Highly toxic (47923762 ) (Acceptable) 1 **Bolded** values are the most sensitive endpoint(s) for a given taxonomic group and will be used in risk estimation. 2 For studies where concentration

-response slope data are not available, the default value of 4.5 (with 95% confidence intervals (CI) of 2.0 and 9.0) is used to derive the probability of an individual effect (Urban and Cook 1986).

**Table 3** 
**. 12** 
**. Chronic toxicity endpoints used in risk estimation and characterization for fish and aquatic invertebrates exposed to fluxapy**  **roxad in the water colum** **n.**

**Study Type Species**  **Test Material NOAEC & LOAEC**  1 **(m g a.i./L)**  **Effects (M**  **RID) (Study Classification)** 

Early life stage toxicity to freshwater fish Fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas) TGAI 0.036 & 0.068 Reduced length (47923729) (Supplemental) Carp ( Cyprinus carpio ) TGAI **0.022** & 0.042 2 ACR2 based on fathead minnow (47923724 and 47923729 )

(N/A)-Page 31 of 150

- **Study Type Species**  **Test Material NOAEC & LOAEC**  1 **(m g a.i./L)**  **Effects (M**  **RID) (Study Classification)**  Chronic toxicity to freshwater invertebrates Waterflea ( Daphnia magna ) TGAI **0. 46**  & 0.95 Reduced number of young , reduced parental length (47923736 ) (Acceptable) 1 **Bolded** values are the most sensitive endpoint(s) for a given taxonomic group and will be used in risk estimation. 2 0.036 mg a.i./L / LC50 = 0.47 mg a.i./L = acute to chronic ratio (ACR) 0.077 * 0.29 mg a.i./L = 0.022 mg a.i./L NOAEC 0.068 mg a.i./L / LC50 = 0.47 mg a.i./L = ACR 0.145 * 0.29 mg a.i./L = 0.042 mg a.i./L LOAEC

**Table 3** 
**. 13**  **Toxicity endpoints used in risk estimation and characterization for invertebrates exposed to fluxap yroxad in the sediment compartment.** 

**Study Type Species**  **Test Material Endpoints**  1 ,2 **(m g a.i./** **kg dry sediment )**  **Effects (M**  **RID) (Study Classification)**  10

- day sediment toxicity to freshwater invertebrates Freshwater amphipod (Hyalella azteca ) TGAI EC 50 > 973 NOAEC = **67** LOAEC = 113 Dry weight (47923744 ) (Supplemental)

10

- day sediment toxicity to estuarine/marine crustaceans Estuarine/marine amphipod ( Leptocheirus plumulosus) TGAI EC 50 = 121 95% CI = 103

– 146 Probit slope = 2.03 (1.66

-- 2.40) NOAEC = **27** LOAEC = 57 Survival (47923745) (Supplemental)

28

- day toxicity to freshwater invertebrates Freshwater midge ( Chironomus riparius) TGAI EC 50 > 527 NOAEC = 273 LOAEC = 527 Reduced emergence (47923746) (Supplemental)

EC 50 > 527 NOAEC = **76** LOAEC = 146 Inhibited development (47923746) (Supplemental)
1 **Bolded** values are the most sensitive endpoint(s) for a given taxonomic group and will be used in risk estimation. 2 For studies where concentration

-response slope data are not available, the default value of 4.5 (with 95% confidence intervals of 2.0 and 9.0) is used to derive the probability of an individual effect (Urban and Cook 1986).-Page 32 of 150

-

**Table 3** 
**. 14**  **Toxicity endpoints used in risk estimation and characterization for aquatic plants exposed to fluxapyroxad in the water colum n.** 

**Study Type Species**  **Test Material Endpoints**  1 **(m g a.i./L)**  **Effects (M**  **RID) (Study Classification)**  Toxicity to vascular aquatic plants Duckweed ( Lemna gibba ) TGAI EC 50 = **2.4** 95% CI = 2.2

– 2.5 NOAEC = **0.44** Yield (f rond number) (47923747 ) (Acceptable)

Toxicity to nonvascular aquatic plants Green alga (Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata ) TGAI EC 50 = **0.37** 95% CI = 0.35

– 0.38 NOAEC = **0.15** Yield (cell density) (47923737) (Supplemental)
EP (BAS 700 01 F) EC 50 = 0.67 95% C.I. = 0.57

- 0.78 NOAEC = 0.06 Yield (cell density) (47923818 ) (Supplemental)
EP (BAS 700 04 F) EC 50 = 0.74 95% C.I. = 0.66

– 0.84 NOAEC = 0.097 Cell density, yie ld (47924115) (Supplemental)
EP (BAS 703 01 F) EC 50 = 0.13 95% C.I. = 0.11

- 0.17 NOAEC = 0.0073 Cell density, yield (47924214) (Supplemental)
EP (BAS 703 02 F) EC 50 = **0.12** 95% C.I. = 0.099

- 0.14 NOAEC = **0.014** Cell density (47924316) (Supplemental)
Blue green algae ( Anabaena flos

- aquae) TGAI EC 50 = 1.8 95% CI = 1.7

– 1.9 NOAEC = 0.48 Cell density, yield (47923741 ) (Acceptable)

Freshwater diatom ( Navicula pelliculosa ) TGAI EC 50 = 1.6 95% CI = 1.5

– 1.7 NOAEC = 0.22 Cell density, yield (47923742 ) (Supplemental)

Estuarine/marine diatom (Skeletonema costatum ) TGAI EC 50 = 0.83 95% CI = 0.76

– 0.90 NOAEC = 0.20 Cell density, yield (47923743 ) (Acceptable) 1 **Bolded** values are the most sensitive endpoint(s) for a given taxonomic group and will be used in risk estimation.-Page 33 of 150

- 

### 3.3.1. **2**
**. Terrestrial**  **Organisms**
Acute toxicity

data for birds, mammals, honey b ees, and earthworms exposed to fluxapy roxad are summarized in **Table 3.1**  **5**

. Based on the available data, fluxapy roxad is practically

non toxic to birds (bobwhite quail, Colinus virginianus ; mallard duck, Anas platyrynchos ; and zebra finch, Taeniopygia guttata ) on an acute oral exposure basis and ranges from slightly to practically nontoxic to birds on a subacute dietary exposure basis. A 10% reduction in feed consumption was observed in female zebra finch exposed to fluxapy roxad at 2000 mg/kg bw. Dose

-responsive mortality was observed at all but the lowest test concentration (313 mg a.i./kg diet) in a subacute dietary exposure study

with bobwhite quail, but the mortality w as not observed when the study was repeated under lower light conditions (12

– 21 lux)

. This risk assessment conservatively uses the endpoints from the first bobwhite quail study, where up to 70% mortality

w as observed under normal laboratory l ight conditions (139

– 299 lux) , for screening

- level risk estimation.
The US EPA Office of Pesticide Programs Health Effects Division (HED) has concluded that fluxapy roxad exhibits low acute toxicity to mammals by all exposure routes (EPA Toxicity Category III or IV)

. No mortality was observed at the limit dose (2000 mg/kg bw) in an acute oral toxicity

study with the rat (

Rattus norvegicus), which was the most sensitive mammalian species tested. Fluxapy roxad and its formulated end

-use products are practically non-toxic to the young adult honey b ee ( Apis mellifera ) on both an acute contact and acute oral exposure basis

. The submitted data indicate that adult honey b ees are most sensitive to contact exposure to the BAS 700 01 F formulation, although the LD 50 

### value for BAS 700 01 F (15.7 g a.i./bee ) is still classified as practically nontoxic (LD 50 

### > 11 g a.i./bee). Likewise , submitted toxicity studies for the similarly structured carboxamide fungicide boscalid and its end

-use product, Pristine 


### , are not acutely toxic to young adult honey bees (MRID 48470202)

. Earthworms (Eisenia foetida ) exposed to fluxapy roxad TGAI for 14 days exhibited a dose

responsive reduction in biomass but no statistically significant mortality . Earthworms were more sensitive to the BAS 700 01 F formulation, which caused 28% mortality at 1000 mga .i./kg dry soil; biomass was not affected.-Page 34 of 150

-

**Table 3** 
**. 15**  **Acute toxicity endpoints used in risk estim ation and characterization for terrestrial**  **anim als**  **exposed to fluxapyroxad.**

**Study Type Species**  **Test Material Endpoints**  1 **Toxicity Classification (M**  **RID) (Study Classification)** 

Acute oral toxicity to birds Bobwhite quail ( Colinus virginianus) TGAI LD 50 > 2000 mg/kg bw Practically nontoxic (47923715) (Acceptable) Mallard duck ( Anas platyrhynchos) TGAI LD 50 > 2000 mg/kg bw Practically nontoxic (47923716 ) (Acceptable) Zebra finch ( Taeniopygia guttata ) TGAI LD 50 > **2000 mg** **/k g bw**  2 Practically nontoxic (47923717 ) (Supplemental)

Subacute dietary toxicity to birds Bobwhite quail ( Colinus virginianus) TGAI LC 50 = **2457 mg** **a.i./kg diet** 3 Slightly toxic (48485301) (Acceptable) Mallard duck ( Anas platyrhynchos) TGAI LC 50 > 5000 mg/kg diet Practically nontoxic (47923719) (Acceptable)
Acute oral toxicity to mammals 4 Norway rat (Rattus norvegicus) TGAI LD 50 > **2 000**  **mg /k** **g bw** Practically nontoxic (47923558 ) (Acceptable)

Acute contact and oral toxicity to honey bees Honey bee ( Apis mellifera ) TGAI LD 50 **> 100** **g a.i./bee** (contact) LD 50 > 111 g a.i./bee (oral) Practically non

-toxic (47923748) (Acceptable)
EP (BAS 700 01 F) LD 50 = **15.7** **g a.i./bee** (contact) 95% CI = 12.4

– 19.9 g a.i./bee LD 50 = 62.8 g a.i./bee (oral) 95% CI = not reported Practically non

-toxic (48565301) (Acceptable)
EP (BAS 700 04 F) LD 50 > 100 g a.i./bee (contact) LD 50 > 120 g a.i./bee (oral) Practically non

-toxic (47924116) (Acceptable) EP (BAS 703 01 F) LD 50 > 50.8 g a.i./bee (contact) LD 50 > 49.6 g a.i./bee (oral) Practically non

-toxic (47924215) (Acceptable) EP (BAS 703 02 F) LD 50 > 33.3 g a.i./bee (contact) LD 50 > 32.4 g a.i./bee (oral) Practically non

-toxic (47924317) (Acceptable) 14

- day toxicity to earthworms 5 Earthworm TGAI LC 50 > 1000 mg ai/kg soil NA-Page 35 of 150

- **Study Type Species**  **Test Material Endpoints**  1 **Toxicity Classification (M**  **RID) (Study Classification)**  (Eisenia foetida ) NOAEC = 125 mg ai/kg soil LOAEC = 250 mg ai/kg soil (47923750) (Supplemental) EP (BAS 700 01 F) LC 50 > 60 mg ai/kg soil NOAEC = 40 mg ai/kg soil LOAEC = 60 mg ai/kg soil NA (47923826 ) (Supplemental) 1 Dose

-response slope data were not available from the acute terrestrial to xicity studies. The default value of 4.5 (with 95% confidence intervals of 2.0 and 9.0) is used to derive the probability of an individual effect (Urban and Cook 1986). 2 The LD 50 values from all three avian acute oral toxicity studies are > 2000 mg/kg bw. The zebra finch is identified as the most sensitive among the acute oral toxicity studies because sublethal effects were observed in female zebra finch at the highest dose level. 3 The endpoint identified for use in risk estimation is from the first experiment conducted under normal laboratory lighting conditions. No mortality was observed when the experiment was repeated under extremely low light. 4 Mammalian toxicity data were reviewed by OPP Health Effects Division (USEPA) as part of the Global Joint Review for fluxapyroxad

. 5 The submitted 14

- day

earthworm toxicity studies were labeled as acute tests, although the duration is considerably longer than most acute toxicity tests.-Page 36 of 150

-



### Chronic toxicity

data for b irds, mammals, honey b ees, and earthworms exposed to fluxapy roxad are shown in **Tab le**  **3.1 6** 

. An avian reproduction study with bobwhite quail exposed to fluxapy roxad in the diet demonstrated a slight (5

– 7%) but statistically significant (p<0.05) reduction in hatchling body w eight at all treatment concentrations (NOAEC <100 mg/kg diet) , when compared to the negative control, with full recovery b y day 14 ( i.e. , effects in fluxapy roxad

-treated groups were transient and were no longer observed at day 1 4 post

-hatch)

. Fluxpy roxad exposure at 1000 mg/kg diet significantly increased the number of mallard duck chicks dead

- in

- shell and as a result significantly (p<0.05) reduced the number of hatchlings per female bird per week, the overall reproduction rate (number of 14

- day survivors per female per week), and hatchability

(percentage of hatched chicks to eggs set and percentage of hatched chicks to fertile eggs)

. HED concluded that f

luxapy roxad did not cause reproductive toxicity in rats. D evelopmental toxicity in rats included decreased body w eight and body

w eight gain in offspring and was observed at the same dose levels at which the study a uthors reported thy

roid dysregulation through hepatotoxicity in parental animals.
S ubmitted semi

- field studies with a solo formulation of fluxapy roxad (BAS 700 00 F, 5.9% a.i., not proposed for US registration; MRID 47923749 ) and with the boscalid product Pristine  

### (MRID 48470201) demonstrated no overall effects on honey b ee brood, although EFED identified transient effects on eggs, larvae, and forage bee mortality in the study

with Pristine 



### . The semi

- fiel d studies evaluated mortality, colony strength, brood compensation index, and brood termination rate, but did not evaluate effects on particular larval castes ( e.g. , queen cells). The positive control, fenoxycarb (an insect growth regulator), demonstrated only weak effects in the study with BAS 700 00 F and there is uncertainty as to the ability

( statistical power) of either study to detect treatment effects. None of the submitte d studies with fluxapy roxad or boscalid products evaluate endpoints specific to the concerns raised by beekeepers, particularly queen cell development. The registrant is currently p lanning and conducting additional larval toxicity tests with boscalid and Pristine  

### to further address these uncertainties

. Exposure to BAS 700 01 F (a solo formulation of fluxapy roxad) for 56 days inhibited earthworm reproduction, based on an 18% reduction in the number of juveniles , and caused a 16% reduction in parental biomass at 21 mg a.i/kg dry soil, when compared to the negative control.
Additional non- guideline toxicity data for beneficial insects exposed to formulated fluxapy roxad are considered supplemental information in the current risk assessment and are summarize d in **Table 3.1**  **7**

. Tests with the predatory mite ( Typhlodromus pyri), parasitoid wasp ( Aphidius rhopalosiphi), green lacewing ( Chrysoperla carnea ), and rove beetle ( Aleochara bilineata ) were conducted at treatment rates lower than in the acute toxicity tests with the honey b ee but approximately

e qual to the maximum application rate(s) on the proposed labels. The BAS 700 01 F formulation caused mortality in the predatory

mite, the parasitoid wasp, and the green lacewing and inhibited reproduction in the predatory mite, the parasitoid wasp, and the rove beetle. The BAS 700 04 F formulation had no effect on the predatory mite but caused mortality in the parasitoid wasp. F luxapy roxad co - formulated with py raclostrobin inhibited reproduction in the predatory mite (BAS 703 02 F) and the parasitoid wasp (BAS 703 01 F and BAS 703 02-Page 37 of 150

-



### F). N OAEL values were not established in five of the submitted studies because effects on reproduction were observed at all treatment levels. Terrestrial plant toxicity

data were submitted for BAS 700 01 F, BAS 703 01 F, and BAS 703 02 F ( **Table 3** 

**- 18**  )

. D efinitive IC 25 

### values were not established for any endpoint

- species study because effects either were not clearly dose -responsive or, more often, no effect greater than 25% was obser

ved. T errestrial plants were most sensitive to the BAS 703 02 F formulation, which inhibited dry

w eight in both monocotyledonous (monocot) and dicotyledonous (dicot) plants. Onion (

Allium cepa ) and cabbage ( Brassica oleracea ) were the most sensitive mono cot and dicot species in the seedling emergence study with BAS 703 02 F, whereas tomato ( Lycopersicon esculentum ) was the most sensitive dicot in the vegetative vigor study

. No monocots were affected by f oliar application of BAS 703 02 F. C orn (Zea mays) , lettuce ( Lactuca sativa ), wheat ( Triticum aestivum ), and soy bean ( Glycine max) were most sensitive to BAS 700 01 F. B AS 703 01 F inhibited dry weight in soy

bean, the most sensitive dicot in the vegetative vigor study, but had no effects on monocots.
The potential effects of the formulated product BAS 703 02 F on seedling emergence of terrestrial plants are uncertain beca use of potential adjuvant interference in results for onion ( Allium cepa, the most sensitive monocot species), cabbage (Brassica olera cea, the most sensitive dicot species), and tomato ( Lycopersicon esculentum ). Although no effects greater than 25% were observed in that study, the NOAEL values from that study are the most sensitive endpoints for terrestrial plant seedl ing emergence from any of the submitted studies and therefore are used in risk estimation for fluxapy roxad. H owever, the uncertainty regarding potential adjuvant effects on these species and endpoints reduces confidence in the risk conclusions that are based upon these end points.-Page 38 of 150

-

**Table 3** 
**. 16**  **Chronic toxicity endpoints used in risk estimation and characterization for terrestrial anim als exposed to fluxapyroxad.** 

**Study Type Species**  **Test Material Endpoints**  **Effects (M**  **RID) (Study Classification)** 

Avian reproduction Bobwhite quail ( Colinus virginianus) TGAI NOAEC **< 100 m g/kg diet**  NOAEL < **7.8 m g/kg bw/day**  LOAEC = 100 mg/kg diet Reduction in hatchling body weight (47923720 ) (Supplemental)
Mallard duck ( Anas platyrhynchos) TGAI NOAEC = 300 mg/kg diet NOAEL = 31.9 mg/kg bw/day LOAEC = 1000 mg/kg diet Increase in chicks dead

- in

shell and associated effects (4792372 1) (Acceptable)
Chronic toxicity to mammals 1

– two - generation reproduction Norway rat (Rattus norvegicus) TGAI NOAEC = **112 m g/kg diet** 2 NOAEL = **10 m g/kg bw/day**  LOAEL = 50 mg/kg bw/day Reduction in F2 body weight and body weight gain (47923602 ) (Acceptable) Toxicity to honey bee brood Honey bee ( Apis mellifera ) EP (BAS 700 00 F) 3 NOAEC = 0.11 lbs ai/A LOAEC > 0.11 lbs ai/A NA4 (47923749 ) (Supplemental)

56

- day toxicity to earthworms Earthworm (Eisenia foetida ) EP (BAS 700 01 F) NOAEC = 11 mg ai/kg soil LOAEC = 21 mg ai/kg soil Reduced number of juveniles, biomass (47923827) (Supplemental) 1 Mammalian toxicity data were reviewed by OPP Health Effects Division (USEPA) as part of the Global Joint Review for fluxapyro xad. 2 The NOAEC value was calculated by the reviewer as the mean of measured concentrations of fluxapyroxad in the diet at the N OAEL (10 mg/kg bw/day). 3 BAS 700 00 F is an emulsifiable concentrate formulation of fluxapyroxad (5.9% a.i.) that is not currently submitted for registration in the United States. 4 No statistically signficant (p<0.05) adverse effects were observed. P arameters evaluated included mortality, colony strength, brood compensation index, and brood termination rate.
**Table 3** 
**. 17**  **Additional non**

**- guideline toxicity data for**  **hazard characterization of beneficial**  **insects exposed to fluxapyroxad.**

**Study Type Species**  **Test Material Endpoints**  **(lbs a.i./A) Effects**  1 **(M RID)**  **(Study Classification)**

Toxicity to predatory mite Predatory mite ( Typhlodromus pyri) EP (BAS 700 01 F ) LD 50 = **0.051** 95% CI = 0.008

–0.156 NOAEL **< 0.006**  LOAEL = 0.006 Mortality, reduced number of eggs per female (47923820 ) (Supplemental) EP (BAS 700 01 F ) LD 50 = 0.089 95% CI = 0.072

–0.110 Reduced number of eggs per female-Page 39 of 150

- **Study Type Species**  **Test Material Endpoints**  **(lbs a.i./A) Effects**  1 **(M RID)**  **(Study Classification)** NOAEL < 0.014 LOAEL = 0.014 (47923823) (Supplemental) EP (BAS 700 04 F) LD 50 > 0.81 NOAEL = 0.81 LOAEL > 0.81 NA (47924117) (Supplemental) EP (BAS 703 01 F) LD 50 > 0.55 NOAEL = 0.55 LOAEL > 0.55 NA (47924216) (Supplemental)
EP (BAS 703 02 F) LD 50 > 0.13 NOAEL = 0.02 LOAEL = 0.04 Reduced number of eggs per female (47924318) (Supplemental) EP (BAS 700 00 F) 2 LD 50 > 0.22 NOAEL = 0.22 LOAEL > 0.22 NA (47923837 ) (Supplemental)

Toxicity to parasitoid wasp Parasitoid wasp ( Aphidius rhopalosiphi) EP (BAS 700 01 F ) LD 50 = **0.097** 95% CI = 0.088

–0.107 NOAEL **< 0.017** LOAEL = 0.017 Reduced number of parasitized aphids (47923821) (Supplemental)
EP (BAS 700 01 F ) LD 50 = 0.340 95% CI = 0.302

–0.383 NOAEL = 0.113 LOAEL = 0.179 Reduced number of parasitized aphids (47923824) (Supplemental) EP (BAS 700 04 F) LD 50 > 0.82 NOAEL = 0.07 LOAEL = 0.14 Mortality (47924118) (Supplemental)
EP (BAS 703 01 F) LD 50 > 0.5 NOAEL < 0.2 LOAEL = 0.2 Reduced number of parasitized aphids (47924217) (Supplemental)
EP (BAS 703 02 F) LD 50 > 0.13 NOAEL < 0.04 LOAEL = 0.04 Reduced number of parasitized aphids (47924319) (Supplemental) Toxicity to green lacewing Green lacewing ( Chrysoperla carnea ) EP (BAS 700 01 F ) LD 50 **> 0.804** NOAEL = **0.357** Mortality (47923822)-Page 40 of 150

- **Study Type Species**  **Test Material Endpoints**  **(lbs a.i./A) Effects**  1 **(M RID)**  **(Study Classification)** LOAE L = 0.536 (Supplemental)
Toxicity to rove beetle Rove beetle ( Aleochara bilineata ) EP (BAS 700 01 F ) LD 50 **> 0.809** NOAEL = **0.558** LOAEL = 0.809 Reduced number of emerged beetles (47923825) (Supplemental) 1 Effects observed at LOAEL. Other effects may have been observed at higher treatment rates. 2 BAS 700 00 F is an emulsifiable concentrate formulation of fluxapyroxad (5.9% a.i.) that is not currently submitted for registration in the United States. The predatory mite toxicity data for the BA S 700 00 F formulation are included for characterization to aid in com parison across end

-use products (EPs), since the honey bee brood test submitted by the registrant used the BAS 700 00 F formulation.
**Table 3** 
**. 18**  **Toxicity endpoints used in risk estimation and charac terization for terrestrial and semi** 

**- aquatic plants exposed to fluxapyroxad.** 

**Study Type Test Material**  **Most Sensitive Species**  **Endpoints (lbs a.i./A)**  **Effects (M**  **RID) (Study Classification)** 

Terrestrial plant toxicity: Tier II seedling emergence EP (BAS 700 01 F ) Monocot: corn (Zea mays) IC 25 > 0.356 NOAEL = 0.089 LOAEL = 0.178 Mortality, reduced emergence (47923765) (Acceptable) Dicot: lettuce ( Lactuca sativa ) IC 25 > 0.356 NOAEL = 0.022 LOAEL = 0.045 Seedling emergence (47923765) (Acceptable)

EP (BAS 703 01 F) Monocot: NA IC 25 > 0.189 NOAEL = 0.189 LOAEL > 0.189 NA (47924219) (Acceptable)
Dicot: NA IC 25 > 0.189 NOAEL = 0.189 LOAEL > 0.189 NA (47924219) (Acceptable)

EP (BAS 703 02 F) Monocot: Onion ( Allium cepa ) IC 25 **> 0.0894** NOAEL = **0.0446** LOAEL = 0.0894 Inhibition of dry weight (47924321) (Supplemental) Dicot: Cabbage (Brassica oleracea ) IC 25 **> 0.0894** NOAEL = **0.0055** LOAEL = 0.0111 Inhibition of dry weight (47924321) (Supplemental) Terrestrial plant toxicity: Tier II vegetative vigor EP (BAS 700 01 F) Monocot: wheat ( Triticum aestivum ) IC 25 > 0.356 NOAEL = 0.178 LOAEL = 0.356 Inhibition of dry weight (47923764) (Acceptable)-Page 41 of 150

- **Study Type Test Material**  **Most Sensitive Species**  **Endpoints (lbs a.i./A)**  **Effects (M**  **RID) (Study Classification)**  Dicot: soybean ( Glycine max) IC 25 > 0.356 NOAEL= 0.089 LOAEL = 0.178 Inhibition of dry weight and shoot length (47923764) (Acceptable)

EP (BAS 703 01 F) Monocot: NA IC 25 > 0.179 NOAEL= 0.179 LOAEL > 0.179 NA (47924218) (Acceptable) Dicot: soy

bean ( Glycine max) IC 25 > 0.183 NOAEL = 0.0898 LOAEL = 0.183 Inhibition of dry weight (47924218) (Acceptable)

EP (BAS 703 02 F) Monocot: NA IC 25 **> 0.0681** NOAEL= **0.0681** LOAEL > 0.0681 NA (47924320) (Acceptable) Dicot: Tomato ( Lycopersicon esculentum ) IC 25 **> 0.0681** NOAEL = **0.0167** LOAEL = 0.0338 Inhibition of dry weight (47924320) (Acceptable)-Page 42 of 150

- 

### 3.3.1. **Incident Reports** Fluxapy roxad has no existing registrations in North America; therefore, this assessment assumes that there are no existing incident reports associated with fluxapy roxad uses in the United States. Previous risk assessments for the structurally similar (py ridine carboxamide) fungicide active ingredient, boscalid, and its associated end

-use product Pristine  

### (25.2% boscalid and 12.8% py raclostrobin), have identified reports of potential effects of boscalid and/or Pristine  

### exposure on honey b ee brood (DP Barcodes D379809, D386068+). The registrant is currently planning and conducting higher tiered larval toxicity tests with a solo formulation of boscalid and with the Pristine  

### formulation, respectively, to address these uncertainties. As emi

- field study c onducted with a formulation of fluxapy roxad (BAS 700 00 F ; 5.9% a.i.) demonstrated no overall effects on honey b ee brood development but did not include endpoints specific to queen cell development (MRID 47923749 ). The re gistrant is not currently s eeking U.S. registration for the BAS 700 00 F formulation.



## 4. **Risk**

**Characterization** Toxicity data and exposure estimates for fluxapy roxad are used to evaluate the potential for adverse ecological effects on non-target species. This screening

- level ass essment employs a deterministic risk estimation method, based on risk quotient (RQ) values, to provide a metric of potential risks ( **Section 4.1**  )

. The potential for risk is characterized further in the Risk Description ( **Section 4.**  **2** ) based on the risk estimation results and other relevant information about toxicity, incidents, ecos ystems potentially at risk, and the environmental fate and transport characteristics of fluxapyroxad . In cases where an RQ value excee ds the listed species LOC, the potential for risk to listed species is characterized in greater detail in **Section 5** 

. The LOCATES (v. 2. 2 .0) database is queried to identify listed species that may c o - occur within potential use areas for the proposed action , i.e. , areas where affected crops are grown and where the proposed new use of fluxapy

roxad may

occur. **4.1. Risk Estimation** 
Unitless RQ value s are compared to the Agency ’s LOCs to identify taxonomic groups potentially at risk of acute or chronic effects associated with the proposed new use s of fluxapy roxad

. **4.1.1. Aquatic Organisms**  RQ values are calculated for estimating acute and chronic risk to fish and aquatic invertebrates, including molluscs, where the submitted ecotoxicity data are sufficient to use in risk estimation. Toxicity data for aquatic animals and plants reported in Section 3.3.1.1 in terms of mg/L (ppm) are converted to μ g/L(ppb) so that both exposure and toxicity are in similar units, i.e ., μ g/L

. As shown in **Table 4.1** through **Table 4. 4**  , none of the RQ values calculated for the fluxapy roxad TGAI either approach or exceed the Agency ’s levels of concern (LOCs) for risk to listed or nonlisted species of aquatic organi sms
. RQ values are not calculated for chronic risk to-Page 43 of 150

-



### estuarine/marine fish or invertebrates in the water column because acceptable chronic data for these taxa are not available

. As the endpoints for fluxapy roxad formulation s are lower than those of the technical active ingredient, RQ values are calculated for freshwater acute and chronic risk to fish and aquatic invertebrates using spray drift

- only EECs

. As shown in **Table 4.**  **5** , RQ values for the solo formulations of fluxapy

roxad (BAS 700 01 F and BAS 700 04 F) do not exceed the LOCs for acute risk to listed and nonlisted fish and aquatic invertebrates. H owever, **Table 4.6**  shows that RQ values calculated for all evaluated uses of the dual

- a.i. formulations of fluxapy roxad (BAS 703 01 F and BAS 703 02 F ) exceed the Agency ’s LOCs for acute risk to listed freshwater species of fish and aquatic invertebrates. RQ values for the uses of BAS 703 01 F on pome fruits and stone fruits also exceed the Agency ’s LOC for acute risk to non- listed freshwater fish

. The submitted ecotoxicity data indicate that nonvascular aquatic plants are in some cases more sensitive to formulated fluxapy roxad than to the TGAI. RQ values based on the green alga LC 50 

### and NOAEC values for BAS 703 02 F do not exceed the listed and nonlisted species LOCs for any o f the evaluated uses. RQ values for the other formulations (BAS 700 01 F, BAS 700 04 F, and BAS 703 01 F) are also not expected to ex ceed the LOCs for liste d and nonlisted species LOCs because the alga was less sensitive to these formulations than to BAS 703 02 F. Further characterization of the potential for adverse effects to aquatic organisms, based on the available data, is provided as part of the Risk Description in **Section 4.2.1**

.-Page 44 of 150

-

**Table 4** 
**. 1** 
**. Acute and chronic RQ values for freshwater fish and invertebrates exposed to fluxapyroxad TGAI in surface water.** 

**Use App Rate** 

**lbs a.i./A (#app)**  **App Method EECs**  **(μg/L) RQ Values** 

**Freshwater Fish** LC 50=29 0 μ g/L NOAEC=22 μ g/L **Freshwater Invertebrate** EC 50= 51 00 μ g/L NOAEC=46 0 μ g/L **Peak 21** 

**- d**  **60**

**- d**  **Acute Chronic**  **Acute Chronic**  Barley, oat, rye, wheat, triticale 0.089 (2) Aerial spray 5.02 4.88 4.61 0.02 0.21 <0.01 0.01 Corn, e dible podded legume vegetables, o ilseed crops ( other) , succulent shelled peas and beans,

soy beans 0.089 (2) Aerial spray 5.01 4.87 4.61 0.02 0.21 <0.01 0.01
Dried shelled beans (except soy beans) 0.18 (2) Aerial spray 10.14 9.85 9.32 0.0 3 0.42 <0.01 0.02 Fruiting vegetables, tuberous and corm vegetables 0.089 (3) Aerial spray 7.50 7.29 6.89 0.03 0.31 <0.01 0.02 Oilseed crops ( canola/rapeseed) 0.089 (2) Aerial spray 5.00 4.86 4.60 0.02 0.21 <0.01 0.01 Peanut, sugar beet 0.089 (3) Aerial spray 7.47 7.25 6.86 0.03 0.31 <0.01 0.02
Pome fruits 0.089 (4) Aerial spray 9.98 9.69 9.17 0.03 0.42 <0.01 0.02
Stone fruits 0.110 (3) Aerial spray 9.27 9.01 8.52 0.03 0.39 <0.01 0.02
S unflower (low rate) 0.0008 (1) Seed Treatment 0.0 2 0.0 2 0.0 2 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01
P odded legume (medium rate) 0.022 (1) Seed Treatment 0. 49 0. 48 0.45 <0.01 0.02 <0.01 <0.01
Wheat, triticale (high rate) 0.078 (1) Seed Treatment 1.74 1.69 1.59 <0.01 0.0 7 <0.01 <0.01-Page 45 of 150

-

**Table 4** 
**. 2** 
**. Acute RQ values for estuarine/m** **arine fish and invertebrates exposed to fluxapyroxad TGAI in surface water.**

**Use App Rate**  **lbs a.i./A (#app)**  **App Method EECs**  **(μg/L) RQ Values** 

**Estuarine/ Marine**  **Fish** LC 50= 1300 μ g/L **Estuarine/**

**Marine Crustacean**  EC 50= 36 00 μ g/L **Estuarine/**

**Marine Mollusc**  I C 50= 96 0 μ g/L **Peak Acute**  **Acute Acute**  Barley, oat, rye, wheat, triticale 0.089 (2) Aerial spray 5.02 <0.01 <0.01 0.01 Corn, e dible podded legume vegetables, o ilseed crops ( other) , succulent shelled peas

and beans, soybeans 0.089 (2) Aerial spray 5.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.01
Dried shelled beans (except soybeans) 0.18 (2) Aerial spray 10.14 0.01 <0.01 0.01 Fruiting vegetables, tuberous and corm

vegetables 0.089 (3) Aerial spray 7.50 0.01 <0.01 0.01 Oilseed crops ( canola/rapeseed) 0.089 (2) Aerial spray 5.00 <0.01 <0.01 0.01 Peanut, sugar beet 0.089 (3) Aerial spray 7.47 0.01 <0.01 0.01
Pome fruits 0.089 (4) Aerial spray 9.98 0.01 <0.01 0.01
Stone fruits 0.110 (3) Aerial spray 9.27 0.01 <0.01 0.01
S unflower (low rate) 0.0008 (1) Seed Treatment 0.0 2 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01
P odded legume (medium rate) 0.022 (1) Seed Treatment 0. 49 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01
Wheat, triticale (high rate) 0.078 (1) Seed Treatment 1.74 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01-Page 46 of 150

-

**Table 4** 
**. 3** 
**. RQ values for sediment** 

**- dwelling invertebrates exposed to fluxapyroxad TGAI.** 

**Use App Rate**  **lbs a.i./A (#app)**  **App Method EECs**  **( μg** **/ kg dry**  **sediment )**  **RQ Values 1** 

**1 0** 

**- day**  **Freshwater Invertebrate**  NOAEC= 67 000 μ g/kg dry sediment **10**

**- day** 

**Estuarine/Marine Invertebrate**  NOAEC=27 000 μ g/kg dry sediment **28**

**- day**  **Freshwater Invertebrate**  NOAEC= 76 000 μ g/kg dry sediment **Peak** 2
Dried shelled beans (except soybeans) 0.18 (2) Aerial spray 23 7 <0.01 0.01 <0.01
1 This assessment compares the 10

- and 28

- day sediment toxicity endpoints to the peak sediment EEC associated with each use. The resulting RQ values are expected to be conservative . However, given the demonstrated persistence of fluxapyroxad in water and sediment time

- weighted concentrations are expected to be similar to peak concentrations

. 2 Pore water concentration derived from PRZM/EXAMS (6.31 μg/L) was converted to μg/kg dry sediment using the sediment Koc (931 L/kg oc , **Table 3.3** ) and the equation in Section 3.2.2, pg. 18 (USEPA, 2008).
**Table 4** 
**. 4** 
**. RQ values for listed and nonlisted species of aquatic plants exposed to fluxapyroxad TGAI in surface water.** 

**Use App Rate**  **lbs a.i./A (#app)**  **App Method EECs**  **(μg/L) RQ Values** 

**Vascular Plants**  E C 50=24 00 μ g/L NOAEC=44 0 μ g/L **Nonvascular Plants** E C 50= 37 0 μ g/L NOAEC= 15 0 μ g/L **Peak Listed**  **Nonlisted Listed**  **Nonlisted** Barley, oat, rye, wheat, triticale 0.089 (2) Aerial spray 5.02 0.01 <0.01 0.03 0.01 Corn, e dible podded legume vegetables, o ilseed crops ( other) , succulent shelled peas and beans, soybeans 0.089 (2) Aerial spray 5.01 0.01 <0.01 0.03 0.01
Dried shelled beans (except soybeans) 0.18 (2) Aerial spray 10.14 0.02 <0.01 0.07 0.03 Fruiting vegetables, tuberous and corm

vegetables 0.089 (3) Aerial spray 7.50 0.02 <0.01 0.05 0.02 Oilseed crops ( canola/rapeseed) 0.089 (2) Aerial spray 5.00 0.01 <0.01 0.03 0.01 Peanut, sugar beet 0.089 (3) Aerial spray 7.47 0.02 <0.01 0.05 0.02
Pome fruits 0.089 (4) Aerial spray 9.98 0.02 <0.01 0.07 0.03-Page 47 of 150

- **Use App Rate**  **lbs a.i./A (#app)**  **App Method EECs**  **(μg/L) RQ Values** 

**Vascular Plants**  E C 50=24 00 μ g/L NOAEC=44 0 μ g/L **Nonvascular Plants** E C 50= 37 0 μ g/L NOAEC= 15 0 μ g/L **Peak Listed**  **Nonlisted Listed**  **Nonlisted** Stone fruits 0.110 (3) Aerial spray 9.27 0.02 <0.01 0.06 0.03
S unflower (low rate) 0.0008 (1) Seed Treatment 0.0 2 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01
P odded legume (medium rate) 0.022 (1) Seed Treatment 0. 49 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01
Wheat, triticale (high rate) 0.078 (1) Seed Treatment 1.74 <0.01 <0.01 0.01 <0.01

**Table 4** 
**. 5** 
**. Acute RQ values for freshwater fish exposed to**  **BAS 700 01 F and BAS 700 04 F in surface water**  **as a result of spray drift only , based on**  **ma ximu**  **m application rates for all fluxapyroxad uses**
**.**

**Use App Rate**  **lbs a.i./A (#app)**  **App**

**Me thod**  **EECs**

**(μg/L) BAS 700 01 F**  **1 BAS 700 04 F**  **1**

**Fish** LC 50=470 μ g/L **Invertebrates**

LC 50= 680 μ g/L **Fish**

LC 50= 660 μ g/L **Invertebrates**

LC 50=28000 μ g/L **Peak Acute**  **Acute Acute**  **Acute** Barley, oat, rye, wheat, triticale 0.0 8 9 (2) Aerial

spray 1.4 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 Corn, e dible podded legume vegetables, o ilseed crops ( other) , succulent shelled peas and beans, soybeans 0.089 (2) Aerial

spray 1.12 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01
Dried shelled beans (except soybeans) 0. 18 (2) Aerial

spray 1.97 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 Fruiting vegetables, tuberous and corm

vegetables 0.089 (3) Aerial

spray 2.45 0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 Oilseed crops ( canola/rapeseed) 0.089 (2) Aerial

spray 1.64 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 Peanut, sugar beet 0.089 (3) Aerial

spray 2.1 6 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01
Pome fruits 0.089 (4) Aerial

spray 4.39 0.01 0.01 0.01 <0.01-Page 48 of 150

- Stone fruits 0.110 (3) Aerial

spray 4.09 0.01 0.01 0.01 <0.01
1 **Bold** values are RQs that exceed the Agency’s acute risk LOC (RQ>0.05) for listed species; **bold italics** values also exceed the Agency’s acute risk LOC (RQ>0.5) for nonlisted species.
**Table 4** 
**. 6** 
**. Refined acute RQ values for freshwater**  **fish and invertebrates exposed to BAS 703 01 F and BAS 703 02 F in surface water as a result of spray drift only, based on proposed uses for each formulation.** 

**Use App Rate**  **lbs a.i./A (#app)**  **BAS 703 01 F** 1 **BAS 703 02 F** 1

**EECs (μg/L)**  **Fish**

LC 50= 7.4 μ g/L **Invertebrates**

LC 50= 16 μ g/L **EECs**

**(μg/L) Fish**  LC 50=4.5 μ g/L **Invertebrates**

LC 50= 8.3 μ g/L **Peak Acute**  **Acute Peak**  **Acute Acute**  Barley, oat, rye, wheat, triticale 0.0 8 7 (2) NA NA NA 1.36 **0.30 0.16**  Corn, e dible podded legume vegetables, o ilseed crops ( other) , succulent shelled peas and beans, soybeans 2 0.089 3 (2) 1.69 **0.23 0.11**  1.64 **0.36 0.20** 
Dried shelled beans (except soybeans) 0. 087 (2) NA NA NA 1.64 **0.36 0.20**  Fruiting vegetables, tuberous and corm

vegetables 0.089 (3) 2.45 **0.33 0.15**  2.38 **0.53 0.29**  Oilseed crop s (canola/rapeseed) 0.089 (2) 1.64 **0.22 0.10**  1.59 **0.35 0.19**  Peanut, sugar beet 0.089 (3) NA NA NA 2.09 **0.46 0.25** 
Pome fruits 0.089 (4) 4.39 **0.59 0.27**  NA NA NA
Stone fruits 0.110 (3) 4.09 **0.22 0.26**  NA NA NA
NA Not applicable. 1 **Bold** values are RQs that exceed the Agency’s acute risk LOC (RQ>0.05) for listed species; **bold italics** values also exceed the Agency’s acute risk LOC (RQ>0.5) for nonlisted species. 2 Corn, e dible podded legume vegetables, and succulent shelled peas and beans are proposed uses for BAS 703 02 F but not for BAS 703 01 F. Oilseed crops (other) and soybeans are proposed on both labels. 3 The maximum proposed application rate for BAS 703 02 F is slightly lower at up to two applications of 0.087 lbs a.i./A.-Page 49 of 150

-

**Table 4** 
**. 7** 
**. RQ values for nonvascular aquatic plants exposed to BAS 703 02 F in surface water from** **spray drift only, based on m axim** **um app lication**  **rates for all proposed uses of fluxapyroxad.**

**Use App Rate**  **lbs a.i./A**  **(#app) App Method**  **EECs (μg/L)**  **RQ Values** 1 **Nonvascular Plants** E C 50= 12 0 μ g/L NOAEC= 14 μ g/L **Peak Listed**  **Nonlisted** Barley, oat, rye, wheat, triticale 0. 089 (2) Aerial spray 1.4 0.10 0.01 Corn, e dible podded legume vegetables, o ilseed crops ( other) , succulent shelled peas and beans, soybeans 0.089 (2) Aerial spray 1.12 0.08 0.01
Dried shelled beans (except soybeans) 0. 18 (2) Aerial spray 1.97 0.14 0.02 Fruiting vegetables, tuberous and corm

vegetables 0.089 (3) Aerial spray 2.45 0.18 0.02 Oilseed crops ( canola/rapeseed) 0.089 (2) Aerial spray 1.64 0.12 0.01 Peanut, sugar beet 0.089 (3) Aerial spray 2.1 6 0.1 5 0.02
Pome fruits 0.089 (4) Aerial spray 4.39 0.31 0.04
Stone fruits 0.110 (3) Aerial spray 4.09 0.29 0.03
1 As a screen for risk from the various formulations of fluxapyroxad, RQ values are calculated based on spray drift EECs from all evaluated fluxapyroxad uses and the most sensitive toxicity endpoints from all nonvascular plant toxicity tests with formulated fluxapyroxad, which were from the test with BAS 703 02 F.-Page 50 of 150

- 

### 4.1.2. **Terrestrial Organisms**
Inthis assessment, RQ values are calculated for acute , dietary

-based risk to birds ( **Table 4. 7** ) and for chronic risk to mammals ( **Table 4. 8**  )

. RQ values are not calculated f or acute , dose

-based risk to birds , chronic risk to birds, or acute risk to mammals because the toxicity endpoints needed for these calculations are nondefinitive

. Specifically, the LD 50 

### values for birds and mammals were greater than the highest dose tested in each study, whereas the NOAEC value for chronic toxicity to birds was estimated to be less than the lowest treatment level tested in the avian reproduction study with bobwhite quail

. For all foliar uses of fluxpy roxad that were evaluated, the acute dietary

-based RQ values for birds are below the Agency ’s LOC s for acute risk to listed (RQ≥0. 1 ) and nonlisted (RQ≥0.5) species. Chronic, dietary

-based RQ values for mammals are also belo w the chronic risk LOC (RQ≥ 1 ) for all uses. However, chronic dose

-based RQ values for all uses exceed the chronic risk LOC for wild mammals (RQ > 1)

. Chronic risk concerns are triggered by all uses for small (15 g) and medium (35 g) mammals that consume short grass. Chronic risk concerns for large (1000 g) mammals that consume short grass are triggered by the use on dried shelled beans; stone fruits; fruiting vegetables, tuberous and corm vegetables; peanut and sugar beet; and pome fruits. Chronic risk to small and medium mammal consumers of other dietary items, such as tall grass, broadleaf plants, and small insects, exceeds the LOC following the proposed uses, with the exception of the uses on c orn, edible podded legume vegetables, oilseed crops (other), succulent shelled peas and beans, soy beans , and oilseed crops (canola and rapeseed).

**Table 4** 
**. 8** 
**. Acute dietary** 

**- based RQ values for birds exposed to fluxapyroxad as a result of the proposed foliar**  **uses.**

**Food Type**  **Avian Dietary** 

**- Based RQs**  **1 Short**  **G rass**  **Tall**

**G rass**  **Broadleaf**

**P lants/** **S mall**  **I nsects**  **Fruits/ P**  **ods/**

**L arge**  **I nsects**  Dried shelled beans (except soybeans) 0.03 0.02 0.02 <0.01

Stone fruits 0.03 0.01 0.02 <0.01 Barley, oat, rye, wheat, triticale 0.02 0.01 0.01 <0.01 Corn, e dible podded legume vegetables, o ilseed crops ( other) , succulent shelled peas and beans, soybeans 0.02 0.01 0.01 <0.01 Fruiting vegetables, tuberous and corm vegetables 0.02 0.01 0.01 <0.01 Oilseed crops ( canola/rapeseed) 0.02 0.01 0.01 <0.01 Peanut, sugar beet 0.02 0.01 0.01 <0.01 Pome fruits 0.03 0.01 0.02 <0.01 N/A Not applicable. 1 Dietary

-based RQ values are based on the bobwhite quail LC 50 value of 2457 mg a.i./kg diet (MRID 48485301)

.-Page 51 of 150

-

**Table 4** 
**. 9** 
**. Chronic dietary and dose** 

**- based RQ values for m** **ammals exposed to fluxapyroxad as a result of the proposed foliar uses.** 

**Food Type Dietary Based**  **( mg** **/k g diet** **) (m** **ammals and birds)**  **Dose Based (m** **g/kg bw)**  **(m ammals)** 
**All Size Classes**  **Sm all**  **(15 g) Medium** 

**(35 g) Large** 

**(1000 g)** Dried shelled beans (except soybeans) Short grass 0.72 **3.51 2.99**  **1.61** Tall grass 0.33 **1.61 1.37**  0.74 Broadleaf plants/small insects 0.41 **1.97 1.68**  0.90 Fruits/pods/l arge insects 0.05 0.22 0.19 0.10 Seeds (granivore) N/A 0.05 0.04 0.02 Stone fruits Short grass 0.62 **3.01 2.57**  **1.38** Tall grass 0.28 **1.38 1.18**  0.63 Broadleaf plants/small insects 0.35 **1.69 1.45**  0.78 Fruits/pods/l arge insects 0.04 0.19 0.16 0.09 Seeds (granivore) N/A 0.04 0.04 0.02 Barley, oat, rye, wheat, triticale Short grass 0.37 **1.80 1.54**  0.82 Tall grass 0.17 0.82 0.70 0.38 Broadleaf plants/small insects 0.21 **1.01** 0.86 0.46 Fruits/pods/l arge insects 0.02 0.11 0.10 0.05 Seeds (granivore) N/A 0.02 0.02 0.01 Corn, e dible podded legume vegetables, o ilseed crops ( other) , succulent shelled peas and beans, soybeans Short grass 0.36 **1.73 1.48**  0.79 Tall grass 0.16 0.79 0.68 0.36 Broadleaf plants/small insects 0.20 0.97 0.83 0.45 Fruits/pods/l arge insects 0.02 0.11 0.09 0.05 Seeds (granivore) N/A 0.02 0.02 0.01 Fruiting vegetables, tuberous and corm vegetables Short grass 0.50 **2.44 2.08**  **1.12** Tall grass 0.23 **1.12** 0.95 0.51 Broadleaf plants/small insects 0.28 **1.37 1.17**  0.63 Fruits/pods/l arge insects 0.03 0.15 0.13 0.07 Seeds (granivore) N/A 0.03 0.03 0.02 Oilseed crops ( canola/rapeseed) Short grass 0.34 **1.63 1.39**  0.75 Tall grass 0.15 0.75 0.64 0.34 Broadleaf plants/small insects 0.19 0.92 0.78 0.42 Fruits/pods/l arge insects 0.02 0.10 0.09 0.05 Seeds (granivore) N/A 0.02 0.02 0.01 Peanut, sugar beet Short grass 0.44 **2.16 1.85**  **0.99** Tall grass 0.20 **0.99** 0.85 0.45 Broadleaf plants/small insects 0.25 **1.22 1.04**  0.56 Fruits/pods/l arge insects 0.03 0.14 0.12 0.06 Seeds (granivore) N/A 0.03 0.03 0.01 Pome fruits Short grass 0.63 **3.05 2.60**  **1.40** Tall grass 0.29 **1.40 1.19**  0.64 Broadleaf plants/small insects 0.35 **1.71 1.46**  0.78 Fruits/pods/l arge insects 0.04 0.19 0.16 0.09-Page 52 of 150

- **Food Type Dietary Based**  **( mg** **/k g diet** **) (m** **ammals and birds)**  **Dose Based (m** **g/kg bw)**  **(m ammals)** 
**All Size Classes**  **Sm all**  **(15 g) Medium** 

**(35 g) Large** 

**(1000 g)** Seeds (granivore) N/A 0.04 0.0 4 0.02 N/A Not applicable. **Bolded** values exceed the Agency’s Level of Concern (LOC) for chronic risk to wild mammals (RQ > 1). RQ values of 0.99 in this assessment are conservatively rounded up and are considered to meet the chronic risk LOC. 

### RQ values for chronic risk to mammals, based on the range of proposed fluxapy roxad seed treatment uses, are calculated as follows:

RQ = Exposure (mg a.i./kg seed) / NOAEC (mg/kg diet)
The resulting RQ values for seed treatment uses on wheat and triticale and on sunflower exceed the Agency ’s LOC for chronic risk to mammals (RQ > 1 , **Table 4.9** )

. The RQ for seed treatment use on podded legumes does not exceed the LOC. This screening calculation indicates that a mammal that consumes 1 kg of treated wheat or triticale seed over an unspecified time period will have been exposed to a dietary c oncentration of fluxapy roxad that is approximately 4 .5 times the chronic NOAEC. S imilarly, a mammal that consumes 1 kg of treated sunflower seed will have been exposed to a dietary c oncentration of fluxapy roxad that is approximately 1 .8 times the chronic NOAEC. The amount of time it would take a mammal to consume 1 kg of seed would depend upon the physiology, life history, and energy requirements of the individual.
It should be noted that the seed treatment uses presented in **Table 4.9**  are a subset of those proposed on the fluxapy

roxad labels , used to provide a range of RQs . F or a seed treatment to be below the chronic risk LOC, it must be below 0.0112 lbs ai/100 lbs seed. B ased on the s eed treatment uses on the proposed labels (see **Appendix A** ) , only the cotton, oat, rye, sorghum, and sunflower seed treatments would be below the Agency ’s chronic risk LOC for mammals

. Seed incorporation is not required on the label; therefore, the seed treatment EECs for terrestrial animals and associated RQ values are calculated using the assumption that seeds are not incorporated and are readily available for consumption. RQ values are not calculated for acute, dose

-based risk to birds, chronic risk to birds , or acute risk to mammals based on the proposed seed treatment uses because the toxicity endpoints from these studies are nondefinitive ( i.e. , outside the range of test concentrations).-Page 53 of 150

-

**Table 4** 
**. 10** 
**. Chr**  **onic dietary RQ values for m am**  **mals exposed to fluxapyroxad following the proposed seed treatm** **ent uses. Seed Treatment Use(s)**  **A pp**  **R ate**  **(lbs a**  **. i** 
**. /**  **100 lbs seed )**  **Chronic EEC (m** **g a .**  **i**
**. /k** **g seed) Chronic RQs** 

NOAEC=112 mg/kg diet Wheat, triticale (high rate per A) 0.05 500 **4.46** P odded legume (medium rate per A) 0.01 100 0.89 S unflower ( low rate per A) 0.02 200 **1.79** A Acre. **Bolded** values exceed the Agency’s LOC for chronic risk to wild mammals (RQ > 1). 

### For terrestrial plants, RQ values for the foliar and seed treatment uses are calculated based on the most sensitive toxicity

endpoints from the submitted seedling emergence tests, but only the foliar uses are evaluated against the vegetative vigor tests, as foliar exposure of non-target plants is considered unlikely to result from the proposed seed treatment use s ( **Table 4. 10**  ). RQ values for listed species of dicot plants exceed the Agency ’s LOC for all of the foliar uses evaluated for dry and semi

- aquatic areas
. RQ values for listed species of monocot plants are below the LOC for all foliar uses. RQ values based on seed treatment uses exceed the Agency ’s LOC for the highest seed treatment use rate for listed species of dicot plants in semi

- aquatic areas
. The estimates for seed treatments are based on the assumption s that the seeds are not being incorporated and 100% of the seed treatment is available for leaching/runoff

. These assumptions are especially conservative for seeds which may routinely be incor

porated at depths greater than 1 inch

. They are more representative of scenarios where seeds are broadcast applied or incorporated less than one inch ( e.g. , wheat may b e incorporated at 0.5 inches; Conley 2 007)

. RQ values are not calculated for risk to non- listed species of terrestrial plants because the IC 25 

### value s are outside the range of concentrations tested. Conclusions regarding potential risk to listed and nonlisted terrestrial plants, as they relate to RQ values based on the available NOAEC value s, are discussed in **Section 4.2**

. **Table 4** 
**. 11** 
**. RQ values for listed species**  **1 of non** 

**- target terrestrial and semi** 

**- aquatic plants based on proposed**  **uses of fluxapyroxad (TerrPlant).**

**Use(s) Dry Area**  **RQs Semi** 

**- Aquatic Area** 

**RQs Spray Drift Only**  **RQs Monocot**  **Dicot Monocot**  **Dicot Monocot**  **Dicot** Dried shelled beans (except soybeans) 0.24 **1.96** 0.61 **4.91** 0. 13 0.54

Stone fruits 0.15 **1.20** 0.37 **3.00** <0.1 0.33 Barley, oat, rye, wheat, triticale

0.12 0.97 0.30 **2.43** <0.1 0.81 Corn, e dible podded legume vegetables, o ilseed crops ( other) , succulent shelled peas and beans,

soy beans Fruiting vegetables, tuberous and corm vegetables Oilseed crops ( canola/rapeseed)-Page 54 of 150

- Peanut, sugar beet
Pome fruits
Wheat, triticale (high rate) <0.1 0.14 0.17 **1.42** N/A N/A
P odded legume (medium rate) <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 0.40 N/A N/A
S unflower (low rate) <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 N/A N/A
N/A Not applicable. **Bolded** values exceed the Agency’s level of concern (LOC) for risk to listed species of terrestrial plants (RQ > 1). 1 RQ values are based on the seedling emergence NOAEL value s of 0.0446 (monocot) and 0.0055 ( dicot) lb ai/A (dry areas and semi

- aquatic areas) and the vegetative vigor NOAEL values of 0.0681 (monocot) and 0.0167 (dicot) lb ai/A (drift only)

. RQ values are not calculated in this assessment for nonlisted species of terrestrial plants because the IC 25 values were all greater than the highest treatment rate tested

. 

### Although the Agency

does not ty

pically quantify

risk to non-target terrestrial invertebrates using the RQ method, acute toxicity studies with the young adult honey b ee demonstrate that fluxapy roxad is practically

non -toxic to young adult honey b ees on an acute oral and an acute contact exposure basis (LD 50 

### >11 μg a.i./bee).
The potential for risk to non-target terrestrial organisms, associated with the proposed use s of fluxapy roxad , is discussed further in the Risk Description ( **Section 4.2 .2**  ).
**4.2. Risk Description and Conclusions** 
This assessment evaluates the potential for ecological risks associated with the proposed uses of the new fungicide fluxapy roxad as foliar applications and seed treatments. Fluxapy roxad is a sy nthetic carboxamide fungicide (FRAC Group 7) that inhibits mitochondrial respiration and the subsequent production of ATP in fungal cells, which inhibits spore germination, mycelial growth, and sporulation of the fungus on the surface of leaves (proposed label). Fluxapy roxad is persistent, i.e ., is stable to most environmental degradation and some plant metabolism processes, and has demonstrated at least some systemic activity based on plant residue studies submitted by

the registrant

. Two of the end

-use product s (BAS 703 01 F and BAS 703 02 F) in the registration petition include two active ingredients ( fluxapy roxad and py

raclostrobin); however, risk estimation in this assessment ( **Section 4.1**  ) evaluates potential effects based on fluxapy roxad

. Where available, information about similarly f ormulated end

-use products is included in the discussion of incident reports.

**4.2.1. Aquatic Organisms** 
For the proposed use s of fluxapy roxad , acute and chronic RQ values are below the listed (RQ≥0.0 5) and non- listed (RQ≥0.1 ) species acute and chronic (RQ≥ 1.0) risk LOCs for all assessed aquatic organisms based on toxicity of the TGAI

. However, based on endpoints for the fluxapy roxad formulations that contain py raclostrobin (BAS 703 01 F and BAS 703 02 F) and spray drift

- only EECs , there is acute risk to listed aquatic animals for all uses and nonlisted aquatic animals for the uses of BAS 703 01 F on pome fruits and stone fruits

. The enhanced toxi city o f the dual

- a.i. formulations appears to be driven by p yraclostrobin; when the toxicity-Page 55 of 150

-



### endpoints for freshwater fish and invertebrates are adjusted for the percentage of py raclstrobin in each prod uct, they are similar to toxicity

endpoints for the py

raclostrobin a.i. ( e.g. , USEPA 2011, DP Barcode D380640 ) , as illustrated in **Table 4.12** 

. In some cases, freshwater plants and animals are also more sensitive to solo (single a.i.) formulations of fluxapyroxad ( e.g. , BAS 700 01 F and BAS 700 04 F) than to the TGAI

. H owever, none of the RQ values for solo formulations approach or exceed the Agency ’s LOCs. Risk to listed and nonlisted aquatic plants from fluxapy

roxad TGAI and its EPs is low since RQ values are below the Agency ’s LOC (RQ≥ 1).

**Table 4** 
**. 12**  **. Comparison of aquatic ecotoxicity endpoints for BAS 703 01 F and BAS 703 02 F with existing**  **pyraclostrobin endpoints. Study Type**  **Species Endpoints**  **(m g**  **pyraclostrobin a.i**  **./L) BAS 703 01 F**  **BAS 703 02 F Pyraclostrobin**  1
Acute toxicity to freshwater fish Rainbow trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss) LC 50 = 0.007 LC 50 = 0.009 LC 50 = 0.006

Acute toxicity to freshwater invertebrates Water flea ( Daphnia magna ) EC 50 = 0.015 EC 50 = 0.016 EC 50 = 0.016

Acute toxicity to estuarine/marine fish Sheepshead minnow ( Cyprinidon variegatus) LC 50 = N/A LC 50 = N/A LC 50 = 0.077

Acute toxicity to estuarine/marine crustaceans Mysid shrimp ( Americamysis bahia ) EC 50 = N/A EC 50 = N/A EC 50 = 0.004
Toxicity to estuarine/marine mo lluscs

– shell deposition Eastern oyster ( Crassostrea virginica ) IC 50 = N/A IC 50 = N/A IC 50 = 0.013

N/A Not applicable. Formulated product toxicity data using BAS 703 01 F and BAS 703 02 F were not provided for estuarine//marine fish, crustaceans, or molluscs. 1 Py raclostrobin endpoints obtained from USEPA 2011 (DP Barcode D380640 et seq. )

. 

### Figures **4.1** and **4.2** depict the time series peak EECs from the PRZM/EXAMS spray drift only analys is for the highest peak EEC (use on pome fruits) and lowest peak EEC (use on corn, edible podded legume vegetables, oilseed crops (other), succulent shelled peas and beans, soy beans ). A review of the time series data indicates that, in general, the 90th perc entile peak EEC for the modeled uses occurs as a result of accumulation from repeated annual application over 30 ye ars. However, depending on the endpoint, exceedence of the LOC can occur much sooner. F or all uses, the LOC for listed species at 4.5 μg/L is exceeded in the first ye ar of applications. F or all uses, the LOC for listed species at 8.3 μg/Li s exceeded after two ye ars of consecutive use. Except for the uses with the top three peak EECs ( e.g. , pome fruits, stone fruits, and fruiting vegetables , tuberous and corm vegetables), the LOC for nonlisted species at 4.5 μg/Li s not exceeded. F or these top three EECs, this LOC is exceeded after six consecutive annual applications. The LOC for nonlisted species at 8.3 μg/L is only exceeded for use on pome fruits, where the peak value occurs after 30 ye ars of consecutive use. It should be noted that EECs from the predicted accumulation reflect maximum usage of fluxapy roaxd for 30 ye ars and a pond that has no outlet, which may not necessarily be representative of real world conditions.-Page 56 of 150

-



### However, given fluxapy

roxad’s high persistence in soil and aquatic environments, concentrations of fluxapy

roxad over the long

-term could potentially be a concern.

**Figure 4** 

**- 1** 
**. Pom** **e fruit peak EECs from spray drift only analysis** 
**.**

**Figure 4** 

**- 2** 
**. Corn,**  **edible podded**  **legume vegetables,**  **oilseed crops**  **(other), succulent**  **shelled peas**  **and beans,**  **soybeans peak EECs from spray drift only analyses** 
**.** 0.00E+00 5.00E

- 01 1.00E+00 1.50E+00 2.00E+00 2.50E+00 3.00E+00 3.50E+00 4.00E+00 4.50E+00 5.00E+00

1/1/1961 6/24/1966 12/15/1971 6/6/1977 11/27/1982 5/19/1988**E E** **C s** **( p** **p b** **)**

Pome Fruit Drift

- only EECs 0.05, 4.5 ppb

0.5, 4.5 ppb 0.05, 8.3 ppb 0.5, 8.3 ppb 90th%

0.00E+00 5.00E

- 01 1.00E+00 1.50E+00 2.00E+00 2.50E+00 3.00E+00 3.50E+00 4.00E+00 4.50E+00

1/1/1961 6/24/1966 12/15/1971 6/6/1977 11/27/1982 5/19/1988**E E** **C s** **( p** **p b** **)**

Corn et al Drift

- only EECs 0.05, 4.5 ppb 0.5, 4.5 ppb 0.05, 8.3 ppb 0.5, 8.3 ppb 90th%-Page 57 of 150

-



### Depending on the percent organic matter content of benthic sediments, fluxapy roxad can partition to sediments. The potential for risk to benthic organisms exposed to sediment pore water is also considered, using the conservative assumption that the highest concentration s tested in the amphipod studies represent the toxicity thresholds ( **Table 4.**  **3)**

. In this estimation, the acute RQ value for benthic invertebrates (RQ≤0.01) is similar to the RQ values for fish and invertebrates exposed to TGAI in the water column, and it does not exceed the acute risk to listed or non- listed species LOCs.
In addition to potential surface water exposure, aquatic and amphibious organisms may b e exposed to residues in ground water where ground water discharge s into surface systems , or in unique and sensitive subsurface ecos ystems such as caves, montane gravels, etc

. B ecause fluxapy roxad has moderate mobility and degrades slowly, it has the potential to reach ground water in certain environments. P otential concentrations of fluxapy roxad in shallow ground water were therefore calcul ated ( **Table 4.**  **1 1**  ). These concentrations in ground water (EEC=0.0 9 μg/L) are much lower than the maximum estimated concentrations in surface water (EEC= 10.14 μg/L) which correspond with RQ values below acute and chronic risk LOCs

. The likelihood of adverse effects to aquatic organisms exposed to fluxapyroxad residues in ground water is therefore considered to be low

. **Table 4** 
**. 13** 
**. RQ values**  **for aquatic anim als exposed to fluxapyroxad residues in shallow ground water.** 

**Use App** 

**Rate lbs**  **a.i./A (#app)**  **App**

**Me thod**  **EECs**

**(μg/L) Toxicity Endpoints**  **Ground Water RQ Values** 
**Peak 21** 

**- d**  **60**

**- d**  **Aquatic Animals Acute**  **Chronic** Dried shelled beans (except soy beans) 0.18

(2 ) Aerial 0.0 9 0.0 9 0.0 9 **Freshwater Fish** LC 50=29 0 μ g/L NOAEC=22 μ g/L <0.001 0.004
**Freshwater Invertebrate** EC 50=51 00 μ g/L NOAEC=46 0 μ g/L <0.001 <0.001

Wheat/ triticale 0.078

(1 ) Seed 0.02 0.02 0.02 **Freshwater Fish** LC 50=29 0 μ g/L NOAEC=22 μ g/L <0.001 <0.001
**Freshwater Invertebrate** EC 50=51 00 μ g/L NOAEC=46 0 mg/L <0.001 <0.001
App Application.



### 4.2.2. **Terrestrial Organisms** Although the available data indicate that the likelihood for adverse effects on aquatic organisms as a result of the proposed new use s of fluxapy roxad are very

l ow, greater uncertainty

surrounds the potential for risk to terrestrial organisms. A cute RQ values are not calculated in the Risk Estimation for dose

-based risk to birds or for dose

- or dietary

-based risk to mammals because the necessary toxicity endpoints (LD 50

### /LC 50 

### ) were determined to be greater than the limit dose in the submitted studies. Therefore, although fluxapy roxad is classified as practically non -toxic to birds and mammals on an acute oral and subacute dietary exposure basis, the nature and potential-Page 58 of 150

-



### dose

-response relationship of any e ffects of fluxapy

roxad at exposure levels above the limit dose are unknown. For the proposed foliar use s of fluxapy roxad, the potential for acute risk to birds and mammals is characterized using the conservative assumption that the limit dose or maximum dose tested in the submitted oral toxicity studies ( i.e. , 2,000 mg/kg bw) represents the toxicity endpoint. Under these conditions, the foliar use of fluxapy roxad is not expected to result in acute risk of mortality to listed or non- listed species of birds (and reptiles and terrestrial

-phase amphibians for which birds serve as surrogates) or mammals because the resulting RQ values are all less than the Agency ’s acute risk LOC, i.e ., RQ< 0. 5 for nonlisted species and RQ<0.1 for listed species

. The RQ values in **S ection**  **4.1** demonstrate that both foliar and seed treatment uses of fluxapy roxad may result in chroni c risk to mammals (RQ > 1.0). RQ values are not calculated for chronic risk to birds because a statistically significant decrease in hatchling body weight was ob s erved at all treatment levels in the submitted avian reproduction study with bobwhite quail

. Therefore, the chronic toxicity endpoint for bobwhite quail is nondefinitive ( i.e ., NOAE C < 100 mg ai/kg diet). An RQ value calculated assuming the NOAEC=100 mg ai/kg diet results in an RQ of 0.81 (based on maximum application rate to dry b eans) and would be less than the Agency ’s LOC for chronic risk to birds (LOC=1.0). H owever, chronic risk to birds cannot be precluded with confidence because the submitted data do not establish whether adverse effects may o ccur at dietary

c oncentrations less than 1 00 mg ai/kg diet. Inorder to preclude risk at the screening level, a NOAEC > 80 mg/kg

- diet would need to be established , which is unlikely based on the flat concentration

-response for the effect on body w eight in the bobwhite quail study

. The 5

– 7% decrease in hatchling body weight w as transient during the study and was not observed in the study

with mallard duck; it is uncertain whether and how this effect may impact the fitness of (and therefore risk to) different species and size classes of birds , reptiles, and terrestrial

-phase amphibians exposed to fluxapy roxad in the wild.
For the proposed seed treatment uses of fluxapy roxad, the potential for acute risk to birds is characterized in **Table 4.**  **1 4**  by c onverting the sub acute dietary toxicity endpoint f

or bobwhite quail (LC 50 

### , from the first experiment conducted under normal laboratory l ighting conditions ) to an subacute oral LD 50 

### value that represents the total a.i. consumed per kilogram body weight (kg bw) over the 5

- day

study. The calculation is perf ormed based on information in the study report, as follows:
LC 50 

### = 2457 mg a.i./kg diet, corresponds to 561 mg a.i./kg bw/day (reported by

the study) LD 50 

### = 561 mg a.i./kg bw/day x 5 days exposure = 2805 mg a.i./kg bw
The calculated LD 50 

### value is then compared to the dose

-based EEC (USEPA 2008 b ) values and the spatial EECs generated by T

- REX to determine RQ values for risk characterization. Terrestrial exposure of mammals through consumption of treated seeds is characterized in **Table 4.**  **1 4**  using the conservative assumption for mammals that the maximum dose tested (2,000 mg/kg bw) represents the toxicity endpoint (LD 50 

### ) . The toxicity endpoint is then adjusted for the body w eight (bw) of the test specimens (default bw= 178 g for bobwhite quai l and 350 g for Norway rat) and compared to the estimated exposure per unit area (mg a.i./ft2 

### ) and per daily dose of treated seed , i.e. , dose

-based EEC in terms of mga.i./kg bw/day (USEPA 2008 b )

.-Page 59 of 15 0

-

**Table 4** 
**. 14** 
**. Characterization of potential risk to terrestrial birds and mammals**  **from consumpti on of treated**  **seeds , assuming that the lim** **it dose tested in effects studies is the definitive toxicity endpoint.**

**Use App** 

**Rate lbs a.i.**  **/A (#app)**  **App Me** **thod EECs**  **Toxicity E ndpoints**  **Characterization Terrestrial**  **RQ Values Spatial**  **(m g a.i./ft** **2 )**  **Dose**
**- Based** 

**(m g a.i./k** **g****** **bw /d)**  **Animals Acute**  **Spatial Acute** 

**Dose**
  ** Based**

S unflower (low rate) 0.0008

(1) Seed 0.01 50.6 **Birds** LD 50=2,805 mg/kg

-bw LC 50=2,457 mg/kg diet NOAEC<1 00 mg/kg diet NOAEL<7.8 mg/kg

-bw <0.01 0.03

42.4 **Mam mals** 

LD 50>2 ,000 mg/kg

-bw NOAEC=1 12 mg/kg diet NOAEL=1 0 mg/kg

-bw <0.01 0.01

P odded legume (medium rate) 0.022

(1) Seed 0.23 25.3 **Birds** LD 50=2,805 mg/kg

-bw LC 50=2,457 mg/kg diet NOAEC<1 00 mg/kg diet NOAEL<7.8 mg/kg

-bw 0.01 0.01

21.2 **Mam mals** 

LD 50>2 ,000 mg/kg

-bw NOAEC=1 12 mg/kg diet NOAEL=1 0 mg/kg

-bw <0.01 <0.01

Wheat/ triticale (high rate) 0.0 78

(1) Seed 0. 81 127 **Birds** LD 50=2,805 mg/kg

-bw LC 50=2,457 mg/kg diet NOAEC<1 00 mg/kg diet NOAEL<7.8 mg/kg

-bw 0.02 0.06

106 **Mam mals** 

LD 50>2 ,000 mg/kg

-bw NOAEC=1 12 mg/kg diet NOAEL=1 0 mg/kg

-bw 0.01 0.02



### The available data indicate that the likelihood of risk of acute mortality to birds and mammals is low as RQ values do not exceed the Agency ’s acute risk LOC. Although dose

- responsive mortality was observed in the subacute dietary study with bobwhite quail, mortality i s not expected to occur at EECs calculated based on the proposed uses of fluxapy roxad. All risk conclusions for birds in this assessment are intended to apply to reptiles and to amphibians in the terrestrial environment

. The low potential for acute risk to listed species of birds can be further characterized by considering how foraging ecology affects the potential for exposure. T o consume a mass of fluxapy roxad equivalent to the acute dietary toxicity endpoint in the submitted study with bobwhite quail, a 20

- g bird would have to consume 40.4 mga .i., equivalent to 51.8 g (0. 114 lbs) of wheat seed treated at the maximum proposed application rate (0. 078 lbs a.i./cwt). This is considered an unlikely, though not impossible, scenario for most species. S maller, migrating birds that eat seeds are expected to be at the highest risk of exposure, since they h ave higher surface area-to

-body

weight ratios and they

must rapidly

refuel energy

reserves exhausted during-Page 60 of 150

-



### migration (Klassen & Lindstrom 1996). In a short period of time ( e.g. , one day or less), these birds may consume larger amounts of seeds, relative to body size, in proportions that approach or exceed their own body

weight. Nonetheless, given that adult mortality was observed only

in one dietary toxicity experiment with bobwhite quail and at relatively high concentrations when compared to EECs , the likelihood of frank mortality is considered low if a bird did consume the large amount of treated seed necessary to be exposed to the limit dose.
As the foraging efficiency o f a granivore decreases, the area of exposure ( i.e. , treated field) necessary to exceed the LOC increases. F or example, assuming conservatively that the maximum dose tested in the submitted studies represents the LD 50 

### value for birds, a 20

- g, seed

eating bird with 100% foraging efficiency ( i.e. , that all of the seeds are treated and that the bird eats all seeds within a given area) would consume enough fluxapy roxad in a 5

- ft2 

### area to exceed the Agency ’s LOC for acute risk to listed species of birds , reptiles and terrestrial

-phase amphibians

. U sing the same assumption, a 20

- g bird would consume enough fluxapy roxad to exceed the acute risk LOC for listed birds if it displayed 50% foraging efficiency in a 10

- ft2 

### foraging area, or if it displayed 10% foraging efficiency within a 50

- ft2 

### foraging area. The actual foraging area necessary to result in mortality to birds at a level equivalent to an LD 50 

### ( i.e. , mortality of 50% of exposed birds) is likely much greater given that no mortality was observed at the maximum dose tested

. Seed incorporation would further reduce the likelihood of exposure to birds and mammals from the proposed seed treatment uses.
As with birds and mammals, acute laboratory tests with terrestrial invertebrates ( i.e. , honey b ee) have demonstrated that fluxapy roxad is practically non -toxic on an acute exposure basis

. However, two of the fluxa p yroxad end

-use products (BAS 703 01 F and BAS 703 02 F) proposed for registration are co - formulated with py raclostrobin and are similar in that respect to the registered product, Pristine 


### , which is a dual

- a.i. formulation from the same registrant that contains the similarly

structured fungicide boscalid (25.2%) and pyraclostrobin (12.8%). Previous risk assessments for boscalid (DP Barcodes D363523, D379809, D385653) , which

– like fluxapy

roxad

– is a py

ridine carboxamide, have described uncertainties regarding potential effects on development of honey b ee brood, based on incident reports and communications with beekeepers. S ubmitted toxicity studies indicate that neither fluxapy roxad, any of its end

-use products proposed for re gistration in the United States, nor boscalid or Pristine  

### are acutely toxic to young adult honey

b ees. In addition, submitted semi

- field studies with a formulation of fluxapy roxad (BAS 700 00 F, not proposed for US registration) and with Pristine  

### demonstrated no overall effects on honey b ee brood, although EFED identified transient effects on eggs, larvae, and forage bee mortality in the study

with Pristine  

### (DP Barcode 390033)

. None of the submitted studies with fluxapy roxad or boscalid products evaluate endpoints specific to the concerns raised by

b eekeepers, particularly impaire d honey b ee queen cell development. The registrant is currently

p lanning and conducting additional larval toxicity tests with boscalid and Pristine  

### to further address these uncertainties

. Finally, the proposed new use s of fluxapy roxad are expected to result in risk to listed non-target terrestrial plants. RQ values for listed species of dicot plants exceed the Agency ’s LOC for all of the foliar uses evaluated. Of the six dicot species tested in the vegetative vigor study with BAS 703 02, only tomato demonstrated a significant effect, based on inhibition of dry w eight. However, the same formulation (BAS 703 02 F) significantly inhibited cabbage (dry

weight),-Page 61 of 150

-



### carrot (emergence), and lettuce (height) in the seedling emergence study

. Thus, any e ffects on non-target dicot plants are likely to differ based on both species and route of exposure. RQ values for listed species of monocot plants are below the LOC for all foliar use s. RQ values are not calculate for nonlisted terrestrial plants because a 25% effect was not observed in any species exposed to fluxpay

roxad at rates up to and including the maximum proposed application rate; therefore, risk to nonlisted plants in not exp ected to exceed the LOC. RQ values based on seed treatment uses exceed the Agency ’s LOC for the highest use rate evaluated for listed species of dicot plants in semi

- aquatic areas, but are below the LOC for all other nontarget plants

. This risk conclusion is sensitive to parameters such as incorporation depth of the seeds and seeding rate; in cases where seeds are incorporated greater than or equal to one inch, exposure via runoff is expected to be reduced, and risk would not exceed the LOC. It is uncertain to what extent exposure may

o ccur via particulate drift from abrasion of treated seeds during planting and how this ty pe of exposure may

affect risk to non

-target organisms.
**4.2.3. Conclusions** 
The risk hy

pothesis and conceptual models articulated in the initial problem formulation of this assessment identified concerns that the proposed uses of fluxapy roxad may

result in adverse effects on survival, growth and/or reproduction in aquatic organisms and that the compound may pose a chronic risk to small birds, terrestrial

-phase amphibians and reptiles and to all size classes of mammals. Although fluxapy roxad was not expected to pose a risk to aquatic plants or to terrestrial monocots, the problem formulation indicated that there was uncertainty regarding the potential effects of the compound on terrestrial dicots through runoff and spray drift.
Based on this screening

- level assessment, the physic o - chemical properties of fluxapy roxad indicate that the fungicide is persistent and has a high potential to reach aquatic environments, including surface and ground water, for several months or more following foliar application s and seed treatments

. Although the available ecotoxicity data demonstrate that fluxapy roxad is acutely toxic to aquatic organisms and may c ause chronic effects, including effects linked to reproduction and sublethal behavioral effects in some aquatic test species, the EECs that result from the proposed foliar and seed treatment use s are relatively low and the resulting risk estimates for the TGAI are below LOCs

. Therefore, based on the maximum proposed use rates, the potential for exposure to the fluxapy roxad TGAI at a level that is likely to cause direct acute or chronic effects on aquatic organisms, including fish, aquatic invertebrates, aquatic

-phase amphibians, and aquatic plants , is considered low. Acceptable chronic toxicity data for estuarine/marine animals were not available. Additional studies are not being requested at this time because estuarine/marine animals were similarly or less acutely sensitive to the TGAI than freshwater animals in the acute studies; when considered in the context of the relatively low EECs, new data would be unlikely to change the screening level risk conclusions. Despite the persistence of fluxapy

roxad , its propensity

to partition to sediments, its Kow 

### and the available fish biocencentration data indicate that fluxapy roxad does not bioconcentrate but is instead readily metabolized and excreted in fish

. There is more uncertainty about the extent that fluxapy roxad may move, persist, and/or bioconcentrate in aquatic invertebrates, which may b e more or less able to metabolize the parent compound. H owever, additional biococentration and bioaccumulation modeling is not triggered in this case because of the re latively low Kow 

### .-Page 62 of 150

-



### F ormulated fluxapy

roxad is in some cases more toxic than the TGAI to aquati c organisms. Exposure to dual

- a.i. formulations of fluxapy roxad (BAS 703 01 F and BAS 703 02 F) as a result of spray drift is expected to result in risk of acute mortality that exceeds the LOC for acute risk to listed freshwater fish , amphibians in the aquatic environment, and freshwater invertebrates. Certain uses of BAS 703 01 F also result in acute risk that exceeds the LOC for nonlisted freshwater fish and amphibians. Based on the BAS 703 02 F toxicity data for freshwater animals which is more toxic to these taxa but lacks the proposed uses on pome fruits and stone fruits , the EECs from spray

drift only

would need to be less than 0.225 g/L to avoid triggering acute risk to listed fish and less than 0.415 g/L to avoid triggering acute risk to listed aquatic inverterbates. Spray

drift EECs for the proposed uses of co - formulated fluxapy roxad range from 1.12 to 4.39 g/L. Although toxicity data for estuarine/marine animals exposed to formulated fluxapy roxad were not submitted, freshwater and estuarine/marine organisms generally exhibited similar responses to the TGAI; therefore, this assessment concludes that risk of acute mortality to estuarine/marine animals is possible when the use of BAS 703 01 F or BAS 703 02 F results in spray drift to estuarine/marine habitat. The greater toxicity o f the dual a.i. formulations to fish and invertebrates, when compared to the fluxapyroxad TGAI and solo formulations, appears to be driven b y p yraclostrobin.
Terrestrial vertebrates may b e exposed to fluxapy

roxad by c ontact with or ingestion of treated plants and insects

. S eed

- eating (granivore) birds and mammals may also be exposed to fluxapy roxad as a result of the proposed seed treatment use. This assessment concludes that the proposed foliar and seed treatment use s of fluxapy roxad may result in chronic risk to mammals that exceed the Agency ’s LOC. Chronic risk to birds, reptiles, and terrestrial

-phase amphibians cannot be precluded with certainty based on the available data , which demonstrated a slight (5

- 7% ) and transient (< 14 day), but statistically s ignificant (p<0.05) , effect on body weight in hatchling birds at all test concentrations. This treatment

-related effect was uniform across all test concentrations (100

- 1,000 mg/kg diet) and is consistent with effects on body weight and body weight gain in rat pups (NOAEC=112 mg/kg diet) in a two

- generation reproduction study with mammals. Ino rder to preclude chronic risk ( i.e. , RQ<1) to birds, reptiles, and terrestrial

-phase amphibians , based on the propose d uses, an avian reproduction study would need to establish that no adverse effects , including effects on hatchling body weight, are observed at concentrations greater than or equal to 80 mg/kg diet. Given the flat concentration

-response in this case, EFED considers it unlikely that an additional study

would yi eld a NOAEC that would allow risk to be precluded at the screening level Therefore, EFED is not requesting additional data at this time

. Risk estimates for acute mortality to mammals and birds, reptiles, and terrestrial

-phase amphibians do not exceed the Agency ’s LOC. The proposed foliar use of fluxapy roxad may result in risk to listed species of terrestrial and semi

- aquatic dicot plants, but risk to monocot plants and nonlisted dicot plants is not expected to exceed the LOC.
This assessment does not evaluate risk to terrestrial invertebrates. H owever, ecotoxicity data indicate that fluxpy

roxad is practically non -toxic to young adult honey b ees on an acute oral and contact exposure basis. Non- guideline studies with beneficial insects (predatory mite, parasitoid wasp, green lacewing , rove beetle) and with earthworms demonstrated effects on reproduction and resulted in mortality in some cases. Finally, in response to concerns raised by b eekeepers regarding the BASF product Pristine 



### -- which, like the fluxapy roxad formulations BAS 703 01 F and BAS 703 02 F, contains a carboxamide fungicide (boscalid) and py raclsotrobin

-- the-Page 63 of 150

-



### registrant is currently planning and conducting further tests to evaluate the potential for effects on larval honey

b ee development and queen cell production and survival. The structural similarities between boscalid and fluxapy roxad and the similarities in a.i. content of Pristine 


### , BAS 703 01 F, and BAS 703 02 F suggest that information from these forthcoming honey b ee studies may

be relevant to all three products.



## 5. **Federally Threatened and Endangered (Listed) Species of Concern**
Section 7 of the Endangered Species Act, 16 U.S.C. Se ction 1536(a)(2), requires all federal agencies to consult with the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) for marine and anadromous listed species, and the United States Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) for listed wildlife and freshwater organisms, if the proposed "action" may affect listed species or their designated critical habitat. E ach federal agency is required under the Act to ensure that any action it authorize s , funds , or carries out is not likely to jeopardize the continued existence of a listed species or result in the destruction or adverse modification of designated critical habitat. To jeopardize the continued existence of a listed species means "to engage in an action that reasonably would be expected, directly or indirectly, to reduce a ppreciably

the likelihood of both the survival and recovery of a listed species in the wild by reducing the reproduction, numbers, or distribution of the species" (50 C.F.R. § 402.02).
To facilitate compliance with the requirements of the Endangered Speci es Act (subsection (a)(2)), the Office of Pesticide Programs has established procedures to evaluate whether a proposed registration action may directly or indirectly

a ppreciably

reduce the likelihood of both the survival and recovery of a listed species in the wild by reducing the reproduction, numbers, or distributi on of any

l isted species (USEPA 2004 a). After the Agency’s screening

- level risk assessment is conducted, if any of the Agency ’s listed species LOCs are exceeded for either direct or indirect ef

fects, an analysis is conducted to determine if any l isted or candidate species may c o - occur in the area of the proposed pesticide use or areas downstream or downwind that could be contaminated from drift or runoff/erosion. If listed or candidate species may be present in the proposed action area, further biological assessment is undertaken. The extent to which listed species may

b e at risk is considered, which then determines the need for the development of a more comprehensive consultation package, as required b y the Endangered Species Act.
The federal action addressed herein is the proposed registration of new foliar and seed treatment use s for fluxapy

roxad

. Itis expected that the new use s of fluxapy roxad could occur nationwide

.-Page 64 of 150

-



### 5.1. **Action Area**
For listed species assessment purposes, the action area is considered to be the area affected directly or indirectly by fluxapy roxad use and not merely the immediate area where fluxapy roxad is applied. At the initial screening

- level, the risk assessment considers broadly described taxonomic groups and conservatively a ssumes that listed species within those broad groups are co - located with the pesticide treatment area. This means that terrestrial plants and wildlife are assumed to be loc ated on or adjacent to the treated site and aquatic organisms are assumed to be located in a surface water body adjacent to the treated site. The assessment also assumes that the listed species are located within an assumed area, which has the relatively highest potential exposure to the pesticide, and that exposures are likely to decrease with distance from the treatment area
. **Section 5.2**  o f this risk assessment presents the proposed pesticide use sites that are used to establish initial co

- location of species with treatment areas.
**5.2. Taxonomic Groups Potentially at Risk** 
If the assumptions associated with the screening

- level action area result in RQs that are below the listed species LOCs, a "no effect" determination conclusion is made with respect to listed species in that taxa, and no further refinement of the action area is necessary
. Furthermore, RQs below the listed species LOCs for a given taxonomic group indicate no concern for indirect effects on listed species that depend upon the taxonomic group for which the RQ was calculated. However, in situations where the screening assumptions lead to RQs in excess of the listed species LOCs for a given taxonomic group, a potential for a "may affect" conclusion exists and may be associated with direct ef fects on listed species belonging to that taxonomic group or may extend to indirect effects upon listed species that depend upon that taxonomic group as a resource. In such cases, additional information on the biology o f listed species, the locations of these species, and the locations of use sites are considered to determine the extent to which screening assumptions regarding an action area apply to a particular listed organism. These subsequent refinement steps will consider how this information would impact the action area for a particular listed organism and potentially include areas of exposure that are downwind and downstream of the pesticide use site.
Assessment endpoints, exposure pathways, the conceptual models addressing the proposed new fluxapy roxad use s , and the associated exposure and effects analys es conducted for the fluxapy roxad screening

- level risk assessment are in **Sections 2**  to **3**

. The assessment endpoints used in the screening

- level risk assessment include those defined operationally as reduced survival and reproductive impairment for both aquatic and terrestrial animal species and survival, reproduction, and growth of non-target aquatic and terrestrial plant species from exposure via spray drift and runoff

. These assessment endpoints address the standard set forth in the Endangered Species Act requiring federal agencies to ensure that any action it authorize s does not appreciably reduce the likelihood of both the survival and recovery o f a listed species in the wild by reducing the reproduction, numbers, or distribution of the species. Risk estimates (RQ value s) integrating exposure and effects are calculated for broad

-based taxonomic groups in the screening

- level risk assessment and are presented in **Section 4**
**.**-Page 65 of 150

-



### Both acute and chronic risk to listed species LOCs are considered in the screening

- level risk assessment to identify

direct and indirect effects to taxa of listed species. This section identifies direct and indirect effect concerns, by taxa, that are triggered by exceeding liste d species LOCs in the screening

- level risk assessment ( **Table 5.1**  ). When applicable, probit dose response analys is is used to evaluate the probability o f individual acute effects for exposures that occur at the established listed species LOC ( **Section 5.2.1**  ) . Data on exposure and effects collected under field (when available) and laboratory c onditions are evaluated to make determinations on the predictive utility

of the direct effect screening assessment findings to listed species.

**Table 5** 
**. 1**  **Potential effects to federally listed taxa associated with the proposed use s**  **of fluxapyroxad** 
**. Listed Taxon**  **Direct Effects Indirect Effects from Risk to Other Taxa** 

**Yes/No Acute/Chronic**  **Yes/No Through ...**  Terrestrial and semi

aquatic plants

– monocots and dicots Yes (dicots only) NA Yes Chronic effects on birds , terrestrial

-phase am phibians, and mammals, when required for pollination or seed dispersal.

Birds Yes Chronic Yes Chronic effects on mammals that serve as prey; chronic effects on reptiles and am phibians that serve as prey. Terrestrial

-phase am phibians Yes Chronic Yes Chronic effects on mammals which provide habitat ( e.g. , burrows) and serve as prey.
Reptiles Yes Chronic Yes Chronic effects on mammals that serve as prey; chronic effects on birds, reptiles, and am phibians that serve as prey.

Mammals Yes Chronic Yes Chronic effects on birds, reptiles, and am phibians that serve as prey; chronic effects on mammals that serve as prey. Aquatic plants No NA Yes Effects on semi

- aquatic dicot plants that serve as primary producers.

Freshwater fish Yes Acute ( dual a.i. EP s only) Yes Effects on semi

- aquatic dicot plants that provide habitat and serve as primary producers.
Aquatic

-phase am phibians Yes Acute ( dual a.i. EP s only) Yes Chronic effects on terrestrial

-phase am phibians ; effects on semi

- aquatic dicot plants that provide habitat and serve as primary producers

. Freshwater invertebrates Yes Acute ( dual a.i. EP s only) Yes Effects on semi

- aquatic dicot plants that provide habitat and serve as primary producers.

Molluscs No NA Yes Effects on semi

- aquatic dicot plants that provide habitat and serve as primary producers.

Marine/estuarine fish Yes Acute ( dual a.i. EP s only) Yes Effects on semi

- aquatic dicot plants that provide habitat and serve as primary producers. Marine/estuarine invertebrates Yes Acute ( dual a.i. EP s only) Yes Effects on semi

- aquatic dicot plants that provide habitat and serve as primary producers. EP End

-use product. NA Not applicable.-Page 66 of 150

- 

### 5.2.1. **Probit Dose**

**- Response Analysis** 
The Agency

u ses the probit dose

-response relationship as a tool for providing additional information on the potential for acute direct effects to individual listed species and to terrestrial and aquatic animals that may indirectly affect the listed species of concern (USEPA 2004 a). Based on the available acute toxicity data and RQ values for fluxapy roxad , a summary

o f the probit dose

-response analysis is provided in **Error! Reference**  **source not**  **found. Error!**  **Reference source**  **not found.** 

. I f no dose response information is available to estimate a slope for this analys is, a default slope assumption of 4.5 (with lower and upper bounds of 2 to 9) is used (Urban and Cook 1986). Individual effect probabilities are calculated based on an Microsoft® 

### Excel spreadsheet tool IECV1.1 (Individual Effect Chance Model Version 1.1) developed by

the U.S. EPA, OPP, Environmental Fate and Effects Division (June 22, 2004). The model allows for such calculations by entering the mean slope estimate (and the 95% confidence bounds of that estimate) as the slope parameter for the spreadsheet. The desired threshold for the probability o f an individual effect is entered as the listed species LOC. In addition, the probability

o f an individual effect is also derived based on the calculated acute RQ, if available.
As shown in **Error! Reference**  **source not**  **found. Error!**  **Reference source**  **not found.**  , the chance of acute direct effects ( i.e. , mortality) to individual listed fish at the listed species LOC is 1 in 4.18 x 10 8 

### (95% CI : 216 to 1.75 x 10 31 

### ). However, at the highest derived RQ value (0.98 ; **T able**  **4.5** ) for the proposed uses of dual a.i. formulations of fluxapy roxad, the chances of an individual effect increase for fish to approximately 1 in 2. For freshwater invertebrates, the chance of acute direct effects ( i.e. , mortality) at the listed species LOC is 1 in 8.19 x 10 31 

### (95% CI : 1.66 x 10 13 

### to 5.58 x 10 61 

### ). At the highest derived RQ value (0.53 ; **Table 4.5**  ) for dual a.i. formulations of fluxapy

roxad , the chances increase to 1 in 165 (95% CI : 17.2 to 5,920). These probabilities are based on exposure to formulated fluxapy roxad (BAS 703 02 F) in surface water from spray

drift only . In the absence of ecotoxicity data for estuarine/marine animals exposed to formulated fluxapy

roxad, this assessment assumes that the likelihood of an individual effect for these taxa is similar to that for freshwater fish and invertebrates. The likelihood of an individual acute effect is not calculated for acute oral exposure to birds and mammals because no mortality was observed in these studies and therefore an effect is considered unlikely.-Page 67 of 150

-

**Table 5** 
**. 2** 
**. Summ** **ary of fluxapyroxad probit dose response analysis for listed species. Taxa (study type)**  **Acute Effect Slope (95% C.I.)**  **Chance of Individual Effect**  **at Listed Species LOC (95% C.I.)**  **Chance of Individual Effect at Derived Acute**  **RQ 1**  **(95% C.I.)** Bird oral dose No mortality observed Not calculated; no mortality observed Not calculated; no mortality observed Bird dietary Mortality 1 Slope NA = 4.5 (2

– 9 ) 1 in 2.94 x 10 5 (1 in 44 to 1 in 8.86 x 10 18 ) 1 in 2.76 x 10 11 (1 in 862 to 1 in 2.14 x 10 42 ) Mammal oral dose No mortality observed Not calculated; no mortality observed Not calculated; no mortality observed

Freshwater fish Mortality2 Slope NA = 4.5 (2

– 9 ) 1 in 4.18 x 10 8 (1 in 216 to 1 in 1.75 x 10 31 ) 1 in 2.76 x 10 11 (1 in 862 to 1 in 2.14 x 10 42 ) Mortality (dual a.i. EPs) 3 Slope NA = 4.5 (2

– 9 ) 1 in 4.18 x 10 8 (1 in 216 to 1 in 1.75 x 10 31 ) 1 in 2.07 (1 in 2.03 to 1 in 2.13)

Freshwater invertebrate Mortality 4 Slope NA = 4.5 (2

– 9 ) 1 in 4.18 x 10 8 (1 in 216 to 1 in 1

. 75 x 10 31 ) 1 in 8.86 x 10 18 (1 in 31.6 x 10 4 to 1 in 1.03 x 10 72 ) Mortality (dual a.i. EPs) 5 Slope 9.1 (5.7

– 13) 1 in 8.19 x 10 31 (1 in 1.66 x 10 13 to 1 in 5.58 x 10 63 ) 1 in 165 (1 in 17.2 to 1 in 5,920)
Estuarine/marine fish Mortality6 Slope NA = 4.5 (2

– 9 ) 1 in 4.18 x 10 8 (1 in 216 to 1 in 1.75 x 10 31 ) 1 in 8.86 x 10 18 (1 in 3.16 x 10 4 to 1 in 1.03 x 10 72 ) Estuarine/marine crustacean Mortality6 Slope NA = 4.5 (2

– 9 ) 1 in 4.18 x 10 8 (1 in 216 to 1 in 1.75 x 10 31 ) 1 in 8.86 x 10 18 (1 in 3.16 x 10 4 to 1 in 1.03 x 10 72
Estuarine/marine mollusc Mortality6 Slope NA = 4.5 (2

– 9 ) 1 in 4.18 x 10 8 (1 in 216 to 1 in 1.75 x 10 31 ) 1 in 8.86 x 10 18 (1 in 3.16 x 10 4 to 1 in 1.03 x 10 72 1 Maximum acute dietary RQ = 0.03 (birds). 2 Based on exposure to the TGAI. Maximum acute RQ (0.03) did not exceed the LOC. 3 Based on exposure to the fluxpyroxad EP (BAS 703 02 F). Maximum acute RQ used in calculation (0.98) is based on spray drift from application to stone fruit. 4 Based on exposure to the TGAI. Maximum acute RQ (<0.01) did not exceed the LOC. 5 Based on exposure to the fluxpyroxad EP (BAS 703 02 F). Maximum acute RQ used in calculation (0.53) is based on spray drift from application to stone fruit. 6 Based on exposure to the TGAI. Maximum acute RQ (0.01) did not exceed the LOC. EP End

-use product. NA Not available.



### 5.2.2. **Listed Species Occurrence with Proposed New Use of Fluxapyroxad** 
A preliminary

analysis of the co - occurrence of listed species and the proposed new uses of fluxapy roxad was conducted using OPP’s LOCATES database (v. 2. 2 .0 ). The goal of the analys is for co - location is to determine whether sites of pesticide use are geographically associated with known locations of listed species. The objective is to provide insight into the potential for exposure of listed species and to identify those areas, crop uses, and listed species that warrant further attention. The LOCATES database uses location information for listed species at the county

l evel and compares it to agricultural census data (from 200 7 ) for crop production at the same county l evel of resolution. The product is a listing of federally- listed species that are locate d within counties known to produce the crops upon which the pesticide is-Page 68 of 150

-



### proposed for use. **Appendix I**  provides a species listing by state for those listed species that may potentially

be impacted by

the proposed new uses of fluxapy roxad

. A tabulation of the number of unique listed species in each state that may c o - occur with the proposed new use of fluxapy roxad as a seed treatment on rapeseed is provided in **Table 5.**  **3**

. Although this assessment does not evaluate risk to terrestrial invertebrates, terrestri al invertebrates are included in the tabulation of species that may c o - occur with areas of fluxapy roxad use. Secondary

e ffects may

o ccur in predatory

b irds, reptiles, amphibians, and mammals that rely on mammals, birds, reptiles, or terrestrial amphibians as prey
. LOCATES does not currently differentiate between different feeding guilds or identify those plant species that require particular interactions for pollination or seed dispersal. Therefore, the number of potentially

affected listed mammals, birds (also reptiles and terrestrial

-phase amphibians), and terrestrial plants may

b e overestimated and include species that are not likely to be indirectly affected if they

do not (1) rely on mammals, birds, amphibians, reptiles, or seeds as prey or (2) require mammals or birds for pollination or seed dispersal.
Based the results of the LOCATES database query, there are a total of 1, 230 unique listed species of terrestrial plants, birds, reptiles, terrestrial and aquatic

-phase amphibians, mammals, and terrestrial invertebrates associated with counties where fluxapy roxad may

b e used nationwide based on the proposed uses
. A total of 50 states have listed species that are potentially

affected by

direct or secondary

e ffects of fluxapy

roxad exposure and are associ ated with crops where fluxapy roxad is proposed for use
. Hawaii has the highest number ( 313 ) of listed species in the identified taxa that may c o - occur with the proposed fluxapy roxad uses, followed b y California (290 ), Alabama ( 9 6 ) , and Florida ( 95 ).
This preliminary

analys is indicates that there is a potential for fluxapy roxad use to overlap with listed species and that a more refined assessment is warranted. The more refined assessment should involve clear delineation of the action area associated with proposed uses of fluxapy roxad and the best available information on the temporal and spatial co - location of listed species with respect to the action area. This analys is has not been conducted for this screening level assessment.-Page 69 of 150

-

**Table 5** 
**. 3** 
**. Tabulation by state and taxonom** **ic group of listed species at potential risk of direct or secondary effects of proposed fluxap yroxad uses.** 

**State A** **m p** **h i** **b i** **a n** **s B** **i r** **d s** **C o** **n i** **f e** **r C** **o r** **a l** **s C** **r u** **s t** **a c** **e a** **n s** **a n** **d B** **i v** **a l** **v e** **s D** **i c** **o t** **P l** **a n** **t s** **F e** **r n** **s a** **n d** **L i** **c h** **e n** **s F** **i s** **h O** **t h** **e r** **I n** **v e** **r t** **e b** **r a** **t e** **s M** **a m** **m a** **l s** **M o** **n o** **c o** **t P** **l a** **n t** **s R** **e p** **t i** **l e** **s T** **o t** **a l** **p e** **r S** **t a** **t e** 

Alabama 3 35 13 3 14 12 5 4 4 **96** Alaska 6 2 **4** Arizona 3 16 19 1 7 2 2 **56** Arkansas 2 10 6 5 2 5 1 **34** California 1 8 160 21 24 29 18 7 **290** Colorado 2 12 6 2 3 1 **29** Connecticut 2 1 2 1 1 1 1 **9** Delaware 1 1 1 1 1 **5** Florida 1 4 2 7 48 1 4 11 3 6 **9 5**  Georgia 1 15 15 3 8 1 5 6 2 **6 3**  Hawaii 3 1 205 10 54 2 16 **313** Idaho 3 4 5 4 4 1 **18** Illinois 2 7 7 1 3 2 2 **24** Indiana 1 7 4 2 2 1 1 **18** Iowa 2 2 3 2 1 1 2 **13** Kansas 1 5 1 4 1 2 1 **12** Kentucky 2 3 2 1 2 3 2 **19** Louisiana 4 3 2 1 2 3 2 **16** Maine 3 1 2 2 2 **9** Maryland 1 1 5 1 2 2 2 1 **15** Massachusetts 6 1 1 1 3 1 2 1 **12** Michigan 4 2 4 1 4 2 3 1 **19** Minnesota 1 2 2 1 1 1 1 **9** Mississippi 2 10 2 1 3 5 5 **31** Missouri 1 6 6 7 5 2 3 1 **25** Montana 4 2 3 3 1 **12** Nebraska 3 2 2 2 1 2 **12** Nevada 4 12 9 22 2 1 1 **37** New Hampshire 3 1 1 1 1 2 **7** New Jersey 1 3 1 1 3 1 **12**-Page 70 of 150

-

**State A** **m p** **h i** **b i** **a n** **s B** **i r** **d s** **C o** **n i** **f e** **r C** **o r** **a l** **s C** **r u** **s t** **a c** **e a** **n s** **a n** **d B** **i v** **a l** **v e** **s D** **i c** **o t** **P l** **a n** **t s** **F e** **r n** **s a** **n d** **L i** **c h** **e n** **s F** **i s** **h O** **t h** **e r** **I n** **v e** **r t** **e b** **r a** **t e** **s M** **a m** **m a** **l s** **M o** **n o** **c o** **t P** **l a** **n t** **s R** **e p** **t i** **l e** **s T** **o t** **a l** **p e** **r S** **t a** **t e** 

New Mexico 1 3 2 13 13 4 4 1 **43** New York 4 2 5 1 1 2 1 2 1 **17** North Carolina 1 8 21 1 5 3 4 5 2 **5 3**  North Dakota 2 1 1 1 **6** Ohio 1 3 6 4 1 3 1 2 2 **20** Oklahoma 3 2 4 1 3 2 1 **19** Oregon 6 1 15 15 2 2 2 **41** Pennsylvania 3 3 1 2 1 **8** Rhode Island 2 1 1 1 1 1 **7** South Carolina 1 1 13 2 1 1 6 1 **3 2**  South Dakota 2 2 2 1 1 1 **11** Tennessee 2 39 16 2 16 4 3 2 **8 5**  Texas 1 1 26 9 20 6 3 1 **82** Utah 1 4 20 8 1 3 2 1 **38** Vermont 1 1 1 2 2 **6** Virginia 3 22 13 8 4 5 4 1 **61** Washington 3 9 5 1 5 1 **25** West Virginia 2 7 4 1 2 2 **17** Wisconsin 1 2 5 2 1 2 **14** Wyoming 2 3 5 3 2 **17**-Page 71 of 150

-



## 6. **Additional Description of Assumptions, Limitations, Uncertainties,**  **Strengths and Data Gaps Aquatic Exposure** 
The labels specify

that, for multiple applications of fluxapy roxad, no more than two applications should be made consecutively before alternating to a fungicide with a different mode of action. For several of the use scenarios, three and four applications of fluxapy roxad were modeled as consecutive applications without consideration of using a second fungicide. The Tier I mode l used for estimating aquatic exposure, GENEEC, does not have the capability to model multiple applications with varying retreatment intervals. While a higher tier model such as PRZM/EXAMS does allow for varying retreatment intervals, as the labels do not specify a particular alternative to be used for multiple applications, it is uncertain how long the retreatment interval between applications 2 and 3 should be

. The employed approach is expected to overestimate chronic aquatic concentrations , but given f luxapy roxad’s persistence, the potential overestimation is not expected to be significant.
The GENEEC model was used to generate EECs for seed treatments , which tend to be very conservative, particularly when assuming a depth of incorporation of 0 cm. Larger seeds would likely b e planted at a depth where pesticide transport to the surface for incorporation into runoff or for consumption by

terrestrial species would not occur
. As such, GENEEC EECs for seed treatments may

be overestimated.
Risk to aquatic organisms from exposure to fluxapy roxad was estimated using GENEEC

-based EECs. GENEEC does not allow for accumulation of pesticides in the farm pond with repeated annual applications , which could occur given fluxapy roxad’s persistence

. GENEEC is a single event model which assumes one single large rainfall/runoff event occurs that removes a large quantity o f pesticide from the field to the water all in one day

. Longer

-ter m, multiple

- day average concentration values are calculated based on the peak day v alue and subsequent values considering degradation processes. As a result , GENEEC may underestimate concentration s in static water bodies where fluxapy roxad is applied to the contributing drainage area over many consecutive ye ars. In flowing water bodies fluxapy roxad concentrations would not be expected to accumulate from year to year because of the effects of dilution and advective washout

. Risk to aquatic organisms from exposure to fluxapy roxad end

-products was estimated using PRZM/EXAMS EECs considering only spray drift. The standard pond modeled with EXAMS is a static water body

o f fixed volume with no outlet. Additionally, the linked PRZM/EXAMS models simulate the impact of daily weather on the treated agricultural field over a period of thirty years. During this time, pesticide is washed

- off of the field into the water

-body by twenty to forty rainfall/runoff events per ye ar. E ach new addition of pesticide to the water

-body adds to the pesticide which has arrived earlier either through previous runoff events or through spraydrift and begins degrading on the day it reaches the water. S ince fluxapy roxad is persistent in aquatic environments, the standard pond has no outlet, and modeled accumulation of fluxapy roxad occurs in the pond throughout the 30

- ye ar simulations, the 1

- in

- 10 ye ar EECs obtained from the model runs do not reflect varying meteorological conditions that are expected-Page 72 of 150

-



### once every

1 0 ye ars, since the ye arly peaks are not independent but are actually c orrelated to the previous ye ar’s peak concentration. A s a result, PRZM/EXAMS may p otentially

overestimate the aquatic EECs, as, over the course of thirty ye ars, some loss of fluxapy roxad would be expected due to burial of sediment and other dissipation processes. It should also be noted that fluxapy roxad concentrations in flowing water bodies are not expected to accumulate from year to ye ar because of downstream dilution and, as such, risk to freshwater fish and invertebrates resulting from accumulation of fluxapy roxad from spray

drift from multiple ye ars of application is not likely

to occur in flowing s ystems. **Terrestrial Exposure** Supervised field trials with legume vegetables, sunflower, canola, and sugar beet indicate that mean residues of fluxapy roxad declined by

a pproximately

h alf in the three

-to

- four weeks (21 to 28 days) following application, while field trials indicate that fluxapy roxad was more persistent on cereal crops ( e.g. , rice, barley, and wheat), with residues in these matrices declining only slightly or remaining the same for the duration of the trial (30 days). Therefore, the default foliar dissipation value of 35 days used in estimating terrestrial exposure may underestimate persistence in some crops. Iti s uncertain whether fluxapy roxad residues will accumulate in the terrestrial environment following repeated use over multiple seasons or ye ars. However, using the default foliar dissipation value and based on the maximum proposed application rate, even a single application of fluxpy roxad would result in an RQ value that exceeds the Agency ’s LOC for chronic risk to mammals. Exposure from seed treatment uses is likely to be overestimated for scenarios where seeds are incorporated. Seed incorporation > 1 inch would reduce the likelihood of runoff to non

-target plants and surface water and would further reduce the likelihood of seed consumption by birds and mammals.-Page 73 of 150

-



### Data Gaps **Appendix F**  lists that status of each of the studies submitted in support of the proposed registration of fluxapy

roxad and whether data gaps have been identified. There are no fate data gaps for fluxapy

roxad. Nonetheless, l ow carbon dioxide ( CO 2 

### ) levels were observed in the aerobic soil metabolism studies, as well as a lack of transformation product formation, an increase in unextracted residue formation with an increase in temperature without an effect on CO 2 

### , and transformation product formation, and the detection of parent in unextracted residue (MRID 47923684). These observations , c oupled with the fact that fluxapy roxad is moderately

to slightly mobile, indicate there is the potential that the estimated aerobic soil half

- life values are more representative of sorption than of bi otransformation. If this is the case, then over time, repeated use of fluxapy

roxad could result in saturation of soil sorption sites, resulting in greater potential for runoff of fluxapy roxad than can be accounted for in EFED’s models

. There are no acceptable chronic toxicity data for estuarine/marine fish or aquatic invertebrates. The submitted life cycle study with mysid shrimp was classified as invalid, and no other chronic studies have been submitted. **Appendix F**  lists numerous other studies that are classified as supplemental based on meaningful guideline deviations and/or uncertainty regarding the study results. S pecifically, the early life stage test with freshwater fish, three spiked sediment toxicity tests with benthic invertebrates, three toxic ity tests with nonvascular aquatic plants, the acute oral toxicity

test with zebra finch, the avian reproduction study with bobwhite quail, and the seedling emergence test with BAS 703 02 F are each classified as supplemental. H owever, additional data are not being requested for these studies at this time because such data would be unlikely to impact the screening level risk conclusions based on the currently proposed uses.



## 7. **References**
Anderson, P., Oelke, E., Simmons, S. 2008. Growth and Development Guide for Spring Barley. Available online at http://www.extension.umn.edu/distribution/cropsystems/DC2548.html

. Becker, J

. , and S. Ratnayake

. 2011. Acres Planted per Day and Seeding Rates of Crops Grow n in the United States. United States Environmental Protection Agency, Biological and Economic Analysis Division

. Conley , S.P., and J. Gaska. 2007. Winter wheat seeding rate, depth, and planting date. University of Wisconsin Integrated Pest and Crop Management. Available online at http://ipcm.wisc.edu/WCMNews/tabid/53/EntryId/366/Winter

-Wheat

- Seeding

- Rate

- Depth

- and

-Planting

Date.aspx

. Domagalski, .L., and K.M. Kuivila. 1993. Distributions of pesticides and organic contaminants between water and suspended sediment, San Francisco Bay, California. Estuaries 16 (3A): 416

– 426

. Fletcher, J.S., J.E. Nellessen, and T.G. Pfleeger. 1994. Literature review and evaluation of the EPA food

- chain (Kenaga) nomogram, and instrument for estimating pesticide residues on plants. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 13 (9):1383

- 1391.
H oerger, F., and E.E. Kenaga. 1972. Pesticide residues on plants: Correlation of representative data as a basis for estimation of their magnitude in the environment. In F. Coulston and F. Korte, eds., Environmental Quality and Safety: Chemistry, Toxicolo gy, and Technology, Georg Thieme Publ, Stuttgart, West Germany, pp. 9

- 28.-Page 74 of 150

-

Klaassen, M. and A. Lindstrom. 1996. Departure fuel loads in time

- minimizing migrating birds can be explained by the energy costs of being heavy. Journal of Theoretical Biologu 183: 29

– 34. Urban, D.J., and N. Cook. 1986. Ecological Risk Assessment. EPA 540/9

– 85

- 001. Office of Pesticide Programs. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. USEPA. 2011. Ecological risk assessment to support the proposed new use of pyraclostrobin on rapeseeed (cultivars, varieties, and/or hybrids, including canola and crambe), sweet corn, and sugar beet and as an encapsulated product on field corn, pop corn, and seed production corn. Ross, L., and R. Miller. Environmental F ate and Effects Division, Office of Pesticide Programs, Washington, D.C. DP Barcodes D380640, D380650, D384006, D384010, D384012, and D385442.
USEPA 2009 a . Pesticides; Data Requirements for Conventional Chemicals, Technical Amendments, and Data Require ments for Biochemical and Microbial Pesticides; Final Rule. FR 72(207):60933

- 60988.
USEPA 2009 b . Water models. Available online at http://www.epa.gov/oppefed1/models/water/

. USEPA 2009 c . ECO TOXi cology Database, v. 4.0. Available online at http://cfpub.epa.gov/ecotox/

. USEPAd. Ecological Incident Information System, v. 2.1 . Description online at http://www.epa.gov/pesticides/sc ience/models_db.htm

. USEPA 2009 e . Input Parameter Guidance. Environmental Fate and Effects Division, Office of Pesticide Programs, Washington, D.C. Available online at http://www.epa.gov/oppefed1/models/water/input_parameter_guidance.htm

. USEPA 2008 a . Science Advisory Panel (SAP): Selected Issues Associated with the Risk Assessment Process for Pesticides with Persistent, Bioaccumulative, and Toxic Characteristics. Office of Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic Substances, Office of Pesticide Programs, W ashington, D.C.
USEPA 2008 b . User’s Guide T

-REX Version 1.4.1 (Terrestrial Residue Exposure model). http://www.epa.gov/oppefed1/models/terrestrial/trex/t_rex_user_guide.htm#references
USEPA 2004 a . Overview of the Ecological Risk Assessment Process in the Office of Pesticide Programs, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Endangered and Threatened Species Effects Determinations. Office of Preventi on, Pesticides and Toxic Substances, Office of Pesticide Programs, Washington, D.C. Available online at http://www.epa.gov/oppfead1/endanger/consultation/ecorisk

- overview .pdf



### . USEPA 2004 b

. A Discussion with the FIFRA Scientific Advisory Panel Regarding the Terrestrial and Aquatic Level II Refined Risk Assessment Models (Version 2.0) , Chapter 4 . Support Document for Scientific Advisory Panel Meeting Scheduled from March 30

- April 2, 2004. March 4, 2004. Environmental Fate and Effects Division. Office of Pesticide Programs. United States Environmental Protection Agency. Available at http://www.ep a.gov/scipoly/sap/meetings/2004/033004_mtg.htm
USEPA 1998. Guidelines for Ecological Risk Assessment. EPA/630/R

- 95/002F. Published in 63 FR 26846; May 14, 1998. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC. April, 1998.
USEPA 1993. Wildlife Exposure Factors Handbook. EPA/600/R

- 13/187a. Office of Research and Development, Washington, D.C. Willis, G.H. and L.L. McDowell. 1987. Pesticide persistence on foliage. Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 100: 23

- 73.
**Fate MRIDs** -Page 75 of 150

-

MRID: 47923505 Kroehl, T. (2006) Physical Properties: Pure Active Ingredient. Project Number: 2006/1036276/OCR, 267469/1/OCR. Unpublished study prepared by BASF Aktiengesellschaft. 20 p.
MRID: 47923509 Wilfinger, W. (2008) Water Solubility of B AS 700 F at 20 Degrees Celsius. Project Number: 2007/1056999/OCR, 267487/1EXT/OCR, 20071489/01/PCSB. Unpublished study prepared by Eurofins

- GAB Gm bH. 53 p.
MRID: 47923511 Wilfinger, W. (2008) Partition Coefficient of BAS 700 F (HPLC Method). Project Number: 2007/1057001/OCR, 20071489/01/PCPC/OCR, 267475/1EXT. Unpublished study prepared by Eurofins

- GAB GmbH. 42 p.
MRID: 47923513 Hassink, J. (2009) Aqueous Photolysis of BAS 700 F. Project Number: 2009/1031228/OCR, 314718/OCR. Unpublished study prepared by BASF Aktiengesellschaft. 26 p.
MRID: 47923514 Wilfinger, W. (2008) Dissociation Constant of BAS 700 F in Water. Project Number: 2007/1057000/OCR, 267478/1EXT/OCR, 20071489/01/PCDC. Unpublished study prepared by Eurofins

- GAB GmbH. 30 p.
MRID: 47923684 Malinsky, D. (2010) Aerobic Soil Metabolism of (Carbon 14)

-BAS 700 F on US Soils: Final Report. Project Number: 2009/7003246/ocr, 002/57/01//US/319649, 2009/7003246. Unpublished study prepared by BASF Agricultural Research Center. 139 p.
MRID: 47923688 Malinsky, D. (2010) Anaerobic Soil Metabolism of (Carbon 14)

-BAS 700 F on US Soil: Final Report. Project Number: 2009/7003247/ocr, //SubNo/201002/56/01, 2009/7003247. Unpublished study prepared by BASF Agricultural Research Center. 131 p. MRID: 47923690 Hassink, J. (2009) Soil Photolysis of BAS 700 F. Project Number: 2009/1013342/US/ocr, EU/314704, 2009/1013342. Unpublished study prepared by BASF SE. 42 p.
MRID: 47923691 Ta, C. (2010) Rate of Degradation of BAS 700 F in Soils: Final Report. Project Number: 2009/7006123/ocr, //SubNo/201002/37/01, 209/7006123. Unpublished study prepared by BASF Agricultural Research Center and Agvise, Inc. 133 p.
MRID: 47923695 Jordan, J.; Warren, R. (2010) Terrestrial Field Dissipation of BAS 700 F Following Applications of BAS 700 AC F in Legumes. Project Number: 2009/7006030/ocr, //SubNo/201003/03/01, 2009/7006030. Unpublished study prepared by BASF Agricultural Research Center. 293 p.
MRID: 47923696 Jordan, J.; Warren, R. (2010) Terrestrial Field Dissipation of BAS 700 F Following Applications of BAS 700 AC F or BAS 700 AE F in Vegetable Use Patterns. Project Number: 2009/7006032/ocr, //SubNo/201003/02/01, 2009/7006032. Unpublished study prepared by BASF Agricultural Research Center. 756 p.
MRID: 47923697 Jordan, J. (2010) Terrestrial Field Dissipation of BAS 700 F Following Applications of BAS 700 AC F in Orchard and Vineyard Use Patterns. Project Number: 2009/7006033/ocr, //SubNo/201002/60/01, 2009/7006033. Unpublished study prep ared by BASF Agricultural Research Center. 505 p.
MRID: 47923707-Page 76 of 150

-

Hassink, J.; Stephan, A. (2009) Determination of the Adsorption/Desorption Behaviour of BAS 700 F on Different Soils. Project Number: 2009/1065633/OCR, 2009/1065633, 314706. Unpublished study prepared by BASF Aktiengesellschaft. 78 p.
MRID: 47923713 Ebert, D. (2009) Degradation of BAS 700 F in Water/Sediment Systems under Aerobic Conditions. Project Number: 2009/1004082/OCR, 2009/1004082, 314715. Unpublished study prepared by BASF Ak tiengesellschaft. 151 p.
MRID: 47923714 Ta, C. (2010) BAS 700 F: Anaerobic Aquatic Metabolism. Project Number: 2009/7006124/OCR, 2009/7006124, 319648. Unpublished study prepared by BASF Agro Research and Agvise Laboratories, Inc. 105 p.
MRID: 47923 730 Hafemann, C.; Kloeppner, U. (2009) Bioconcentration and Metabolism of BAS 700 F in Bluegill Sunfish (Lepomis macrochirus). Project Number: 2009/1012801/OCR, 2009/1012801, 315780. Unpublished study prepared by BASF Aktiengesellschaft. 163 p.
MRID: 48409101 Hassink, J. (2011) BAS 700 F: Aqueous Hydrolysis at Four Different pH Values (Including Amendment No. 1). Project Number: 324301, 2011/7000318. Unpublished study prepared by BASF Aktiengesellschaft. 19 p.-Page 77 of 150

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## Appendix **A**
**. Proposed New Uses, Fluxapyroxad**  **Proposed products for registration containing fluxapyroxad**
**Proposed New End** 
**- Use**  **Product Nam e**  **Summary Formulation Details:** Form ulation Type lb fluxapyroxad/gal of product ( lb ai pyraclostrobin/gal of product) **Application Type Crops** 

**BAS 700 01 F Fungicide**  **Reg No. 7969**

**- XXX**  Emulsifiable C oncentrate 0.52 Foliar Aerial and ground Wheat, barley, corn, bean and pea legumes,

peanuts, pome and stone fruits, fruiting vegetables, oil seed, root and tuberous vegetable crops. **BAS 700 02 F Fungicide Seed**  **Treatm ent**  **Reg No. 7969**

**- XXX**  S uspension C oncentrate 0.78 Seed Treatment Barley, corn, cotton, dried shelled peas and beans, edible podded legume vegetables, oat, peanut, rye, sorghum, soybean, sunflower, wheat and triticale seed
**BAS 700 03 F Fungicide Seed**  **Treatm ent**  **Reg No. 7969**

**- XXX**  S uspension C oncentrate 2.72 Seed Treatment Barley, corn, cotton, dried shelled peas and beans, edible podded legume vegetables, oat, peanut, rye, sorghum, soybean, sunflower, wheat and triticale seed
**BAS 700 04 F Fungicide**  **Reg No. 7969**

**- XXX**  S uspension C oncentrate 2.47 Foliar Aerial and ground Cereals, bean and pea legumes, peanuts, pome

and stone fruits, fruiting vegetables, oil seed, root and root and tuberous vegetable crops
**BAS 703 01 F**  **Fungicide Reg No. 7969** 

**- XXX**  S uspension C oncentrate 2.09 (2.09 Pyraclostrobin) Foliar Aerial and ground Pome and stone fruits, fruiting vegetables, oil

seed, soybean, and root and tuberous vegetable crops.
**BAS 703 02 F Fungicide**  **Reg No. 7969**

**- XXX**  S uspension C oncentrate 1.39 (2.78 Pyraclostrobin) Foliar Aerial and ground Cereals, fruiting vegetables, oilseed crops,

peanut, soybean, and root and tuber vegetables crops.-Page 78 of 150

-



### Proposed Use Information for Fluxapyroxad Products

**EUP Crop**  **Max Single App**  **Rate (lbs ai/A)**  **Number of**

**Applications Minim** **um**

**Retreatm ent**  **Interval Max Annual** 

**App Rate (lbs ai/A)**  **Notes**

BAS 700 01F Barley 0.089 2 NS 0.18 1

Corn 0.089 2 7 0.18 1 Dried shelled peas (except soy bean) 0.089 2 7 0.18 1 Dried shelled beans (except soy bean) 0.18 2 7 0.36 1 Edible podded legume vegetables 0.089 2 7 0.18 1 Fruiting vegetables 0.089 3 7 0.27 1 Oat 0.089 2 NS 0.18 1 Oilseed crops, canola/rapeseed 0.089 2 14 0.18 1 Oilseed crops, other 0.089 2 7 0.18 1 Peanut 0.089 3 14 0.27 2 Pome fruits 0.089 4 7 0.36 1 Rye 0.089 2 NS 0.18 1 Soy bean 0.089 2 7 0.18 1 Stone fruits 0.110 3 7 0.33 1 Succulent shelled peas and beans 0.089 2 7 0.18 1 Sugar beet 0.089 3 14 0.27 2 Tuberous and corm vegetables 0.089 3 7 0.27 2 Wheat, triticale 0.089 2 NS 0.18 1

BAS 700 02F and BAS 700 03F Barley seed 0.069 1 NA 0.0 69 Based on 1 38.3 lbs seed/acre

Corn seed 0.017 1 NA 0.01 7 Based on 33.2 lbs seed/acre Cotton seed 0.004 1 NA 0.004 Based on 18 .9 lbs seed/acre Dried shelled pea and bean seed 0.016 1 NA 0.016 Based on 163.4 lbs seed/acre Edible podded legume vegetable seed 0.022 1 NA 0.02 2 Based on 2 18 lbs seed/acre Oat seed 0.009 1 NA 0.0 09 Based on 90 lbs seed/acre Peanut seed 0.023 1 NA 0.0 23 Based on 228.3 lbs seed/acre Rye seed 0.009 1 NA 0.0 09 Based on 90 lbs seed/acre Sorghum seed 0.002 1 NA 0.002 Based on 9.1 lbs seed/acre Soy bean seed 0.017 1 NA 0.01 7 Based on 16 6.7 lbs seed/acre-Page 79 of 150

-

**EUP Crop**  **Max Single App**  **Rate (lbs ai/A)**  **Number of**

**Applications Minim** **um**

**Retreatm ent**  **Interval Max Annual** 

**App Rate (lbs ai/A)**  **Notes**

Sunflower seed 0.0 008 1 NA 0.0 008 Based on 4 lbs seed/acre Wheat, triticale seed 0.07 8 1 NA 0.0 7 8 Based on 1 56 lbs seed/acre

BAS 700 04F Barley 0.087 2 NS 0.17 1

Corn 0.087 2 7 0.17 1, 3 Dried shelled peas (except soy bean) 0.087 2 7 0.17 1 Dried shelled beans (except soy bean) 0.174 2 7 0.35 1 Edible podded legume vegetables 0.087 2 7 0.17 1 Fruiting vegetables 0.087 3 7 0.26 1 Oat 0.087 2 NS 0.17 1 Oilseed crops, canola/rapeseed 0.087 2 14 0.17 1 Oilseed crops, other 0.087 2 7 0.17 1 Peanut 0.087 3 14 0.26 2 Pome fruits 0.087 4 7 0.35 1 Rye 0.087 2 NS 0.17 1 Soy bean 0.087 2 7 0.17 1 Stone fruits 0.108 3 7 0.32 1 Succulent shelled peas and beans 0.087 2 7 0.17 1 Sugar beet 0.087 3 14 0.26 2 Tuberous and corm vegetables 0.087 3 7 0.26 2 Wheat, triticale 0.087 2 NS 0.17 1

BAS 703 01F Fruiting vegetables 0.089 3 7 0.27 1

Oilseed crops, canola/rapeseed 0.089 2 14 0.18 1 Oilseed crops, other 0.089 2 7 0.18 1 Pome fruits 0.089 4 7 0.36 1 Soy bean 0.089 2 7 0.18 1 Stone fruits 0.109 3 7 0.32 1 Tuberous and corm vegetables 0.089 3 7 0.27 2 Wheat, triticale 0.089 2 NS 0.18 1 BAS 703 02F Barley 0.087 2 NS 0.17 1

Corn 0.087 2 7 0.17 1-Page 80 of 150

-

**EUP Crop**  **Max Single App**  **Rate (lbs ai/A)**  **Number of**

**Applications Minim** **um**

**Retreatm ent**  **Interval Max Annual** 

**App Rate (lbs ai/A)**  **Notes** Dried shelled beans (except soy bean) 0.087 2 7 0.17 1 Edible podded legume vegetables 0.087 2 7 0.17 1 Fruiting vegetables 0.087 3 7 0.26 1 Oat 0.087 2 NS 0.17 1 Oilseed crops, canola/rapeseed 0.087 2 14 0.17 1 Oilseed crops, other 0.087 2 7 0.17 1 Peanut 0.087 3 14 0.26 2 Rye 0.087 2 NS 0.17 1 Soy bean 0.087 2 7 0.17 1 Succulent shelled peas and beans 0.087 2 7 0.17 1 Sugar beet 0.087 3 14 0.26 2 Tuberous and corm vegetables 0.087 3 7 0.26 2 Wheat, triticale 0.087 2 NS 0.17 1 NS

- not specified. NA

- not applicable **Notes** 1. Only 2 consecutive applications before alternating to a labeled fungicide w/ different mode of action. 2. Only 1 application before alternating to a labeled fungicide w / different mode of action. 3. Max single use rate based on label footnote in Table 2 of label

. 4. Seeding rates obtained from Becker, 2011-Page 81 of 150

-



## Appendix B. GENEEC Results **Foliar Applications** RUN No. 1 FOR fluxapyroxad ON barley * INPUT VALUES *

-------------------------------------------------------------------- RATE (#/AC) No.APPS & SOIL SOLUBIL APPL TYPE NO

- SPRAY INCORP ONE(MULT) INTERVAL Koc (PPM ) (%DRIFT) (FT) (IN)

-------------------------------------------------------------------- .089( .178) 2 3 931.0 3.4 AERL_B( 13.0) .0 .0

FIELD AND STANDARD POND HALFLIFE VALU ES (DAYS)

-------------------------------------------------------------------- METABOLIC DAYS UNTIL HYDROLYSIS PHOTOLYSIS METABOLIC COMBINED (FIELD) RAIN/RUNOFF (POND) (POND

- EFF) (POND) (POND)

-------------------------- ------------------------------------------ 857.00 2 N/A .00

- .00 993.00 993.00

GENERIC EECs (IN MICROGRAMS/LITER (PPB)) Version 2.0 Aug 1, 2001

----------------------------------------------------------------- --- PEAK MAX 4 DAY MAX 21 DAY MAX 60 DAY MAX 90 DAY GEEC AVG GEEC AVG GEEC AVG GEEC AVG GEEC

-------------------------------------------------------------------- 5.02 5.00 4.88 4.61 4.43

RUN No. 2 FOR fluxapyroxad ON corn * INPUT VALUES *

-------------------------------------------------------------------- RATE (#/AC) No.APPS & SOIL SOLUBIL APPL TYPE NO

- SPRAY INCORP ONE(MULT) INTERVAL Koc (PPM ) (%DRIFT) (FT) (IN)

-------------------------------------------------------------------- .089( .177) 2 7 931.0 3.4 AERL_B( 13.0) .0 .0

FIELD AND STANDARD POND HALFLIFE VALU ES (DAYS)

-------------------------------------------------------------------- METABOLIC DAYS UNTIL HYDROLYSIS PHOTOLYSIS METABOLIC COMBINED (FIELD) RAIN/RUNOFF (POND) (POND

- EFF) (POND) (POND)

-------------------------- ------------------------------------------ 857.00 2 N/A .00

- .00 993.00 993.00

GENERIC EECs (IN MICROGRAMS/LITER (PPB)) Version 2.0 Aug 1, 2001

----------------------------------------------------------------- --- PEAK MAX 4 DAY MAX 21 DAY MAX 60 DAY MAX 90 DAY GEEC AVG GEEC AVG GEEC AVG GEEC AVG GEEC

-------------------------------------------------------------------- 5.01 4.99 4.87 4.61 4.42

RUN No. 3 FOR fluxapyroxad ON dried bean * INPUT VALUES *

-------------------------------------------------------------------- RATE (#/AC) No.APPS & SOIL SOLUBIL APPL TYPE NO

- SPRAY INCORP ONE(MU LT) INTERVAL Koc (PPM ) (%DRIFT) (FT) (IN)-Page 82 of 150

-

-------------------------------------------------------------------- .180( .359) 2 7 931.0 3.4 AERL_B( 13.0) .0 .0

FIELD AND STANDARD POND HALFLIFE VALUES (DAYS)

-------------------------------------------------------------------- METABOLIC DAYS UNTIL HYDROLYSIS PHOTOLYSIS METABOLIC COMBINED (FIELD) RAIN/RUNOFF (POND) (POND

- EFF) (POND) (POND)

------------------------------------- ------------------------------- 857.00 2 N/A .00

- .00 993.00 993.00

GENERIC EECs (IN MICROGRAMS/LITER (PPB)) Version 2.0 Aug 1, 2001

-------------------------------------------------------------------- PEAK MAX 4 DAY MAX 21 DAY MAX 60 DAY MAX 90 DAY GEEC AVG GEEC AVG GEEC AVG GEEC AVG GEEC

-------------------------------------------------------------------- 10.14 10.10 9.85 9.32 8.94

RUN No. 4 FOR fluxapyroxad ON fruiting v * INPUT VALUES *

-------------------------------------------------------------------- RATE (#/AC) No.APPS & SOIL SOLUBIL APPL TYPE NO

- SPRAY INCORP ONE(MULT) INTE RVAL Koc (PPM ) (%DRIFT) (FT) (IN)

-------------------------------------------------------------------- .089( .265) 3 7 931.0 3.4 AERL_B( 13.0) .0 .0

FIELD AND STANDARD POND HALFLIFE VALUES (DAYS)

-------- ------------------------------------------------------------ METABOLIC DAYS UNTIL HYDROLYSIS PHOTOLYSIS METABOLIC COMBINED (FIELD) RAIN/RUNOFF (POND) (POND

- EFF) (POND) (POND)

-------------------------------------------------------------------- 857.00 2 N/A .00

- .00 993.00 993.00

GENERIC EECs (IN MICROGRAMS/LITER (PPB)) Version 2.0 Aug 1, 2001

------------------------------------ -------------------------------- PEAK MAX 4 DAY MAX 21 DAY MAX 60 DAY MAX 90 DAY GEEC AVG GEEC AVG GEEC AVG GEEC AVG GEEC

-------------------------------------------------------------------- 7.50 7.47 7.29 6.89 6.62

RUN No. 5 FOR fluxapyroxad ON oilseed * INPUT VALUES *

-------------------------------------------------------------------- RATE (#/AC) No.APPS & SOIL SOLUBIL APPL TYP E NO

- SPRAY INCORP ONE(MULT) INTERVAL Koc (PPM ) (%DRIFT) (FT) (IN)

-------------------------------------------------------------------- .089( .177) 2 14 931.0 3.4 AERL_B( 13.0) .0 .0

FIELD AND STANDARD POND HALFLIFE VALUES (DAYS)

-------------------------------------------------------------------- METABOLIC DAYS UNTIL HYDROLYSIS PHOTOLYSIS METABOLIC COMBINED (FIELD) RAIN/RUNOFF (POND) (POND

- EFF) (POND) (POND)

-------- -------------------------------------------------------------Page 83 of 150

-

857.00 2 N/A .00

- .00 993.00 993.00

GENERIC EECs (IN MICROGRAMS/LITER (PPB)) Version 2.0 Aug 1, 2001

-------------------------------------------------------------------- PEAK MAX 4 DAY MAX 21 DAY MAX 60 DAY MAX 90 DAY GEEC AVG GEEC AVG GEEC AVG GEEC AVG GEEC

------------------------------------------ -------------------------- 5.00 4.98 4.86 4.60 4.41

RUN No. 6 FOR fluxapyroxad ON peanut * INPUT VALUES *

-------------------------------------------------------------------- RATE (#/AC) No.APPS & SOIL SOLUBIL APPL TYPE NO

- SPRAY INCORP ONE(MULT) INTERVAL Koc (PPM ) (%DRIFT) (FT) (IN)

-------------------------------------------------------------------- .089( .264) 3 14 931.0 3.4 AERL_B( 13.0 ) .0 .0

FIELD AND STANDARD POND HALFLIFE VALUES (DAYS)

-------------------------------------------------------------------- METABOLIC DAYS UNTIL HYDROLYSIS PHOTOLYSIS METABOLIC COMBINED (FIELD) RAIN/RUNOFF (POND) (POND

- EFF) (POND) (POND)

-------------------------------------------------------------------- 857.00 2 N/A .00

- .00 993.00 993.00

GENERIC EECs (IN MICROGRAMS/LITER (PPB)) Version 2.0 Aug 1, 2001

-------- ------------------------------------------------------------ PEAK MAX 4 DAY MAX 21 DAY MAX 60 DAY MAX 90 DAY GEEC AVG GEEC AVG GEEC AVG GEEC AVG GEEC

-------------------------------------------------------------------- 7.47 7.44 7.25 6.86 6.58

RUN No. 7 FOR fluxapyroxad ON pome fruit * INPUT VALUES *

--------------------------------------- ----------------------------- RATE (#/AC) No.APPS & SOIL SOLUBIL APPL TYPE NO

- SPRAY INCORP ONE(MULT) INTERVAL Koc (PPM ) (%DRIFT) (FT) (IN)

-------------------------------------------------------------------- .089( .353) 4 7 931.0 3.4 AERL_B( 13.0) .0 .0

FIELD AND STANDARD POND HALFLIFE VALUES (DAYS)

-------------------------------------------------------------------- METABOLIC DAYS UNTIL HYDROLYSIS PHOTOLYSIS METABOLIC COMBINED (FIELD) RAIN/RUNOFF (POND) (POND

- EFF) (POND) (POND)

-------------------------------------------------------------------- 857.00 2 N/A .00

- .00 993.00 993.00

GENERIC EECs (IN MICROGRAMS/LITER ( PPB)) Version 2.0 Aug 1, 2001

-------------------------------------------------------------------- PEAK MAX 4 DAY MAX 21 DAY MAX 60 DAY MAX 90 DAY GEEC AVG GEEC AVG GEEC AVG GEEC AVG GEEC

-------- ------------------------------------------------------------ 9.98 9.94 9.69 9.17 8.80-Page 84 of 150

-

RUN No. 8 FOR fluxapyroxad ON stone frui * INPUT VALUES *

-------------------------------------------------------------------- RATE (#/AC) No.APPS & SOIL SOLUBIL APPL TYPE NO

- SPRAY INCORP ONE(MULT) INTERVAL Koc (PPM ) (%DRIFT) (FT) (IN)

-------------------------------------- ------------------------------ .110( .328) 3 7 931.0 3.4 AERL_B( 13.0) .0 .0

FIELD AND STANDARD POND HALFLIFE VALUES (DAYS)

-------------------------------------------------------------------- METABOLIC DAYS UNTIL HYD ROLYSIS PHOTOLYSIS METABOLIC COMBINED (FIELD) RAIN/RUNOFF (POND) (POND

- EFF) (POND) (POND)

-------------------------------------------------------------------- 857.00 2 N/A .00

- .00 993.00 993.0 0

GENERIC EECs (IN MICROGRAMS/LITER (PPB)) Version 2.0 Aug 1, 2001

-------------------------------------------------------------------- PEAK MAX 4 DAY MAX 21 DAY MAX 60 DAY MAX 90 DAY GEEC AVG GEEC AVG GE EC AVG GEEC AVG GEEC

-------------------------------------------------------------------- 9.27 9.24 9.01 8.52 8.18 

### Seed Treatments
RUN No. 1 FOR fluxapyroxad ON sunflower * INPUT VALUE S *

-------------------------------------------------------------------- RATE (#/AC) No.APPS & SOIL SOLUBIL APPL TYPE NO

- SPRAY INCORP ONE(MULT) INTERVAL Koc (PPM ) (%DRIFT) (FT) (IN)

--------------------------------- ----------------------------------- .001( .001) 1 1 931.0 3.4 GRANUL( .0) .0 .0

FIELD AND STANDARD POND HALFLIFE VALUES (DAYS)

-------------------------------------------------------------------- METABOLIC DAYS UNTIL HYDROLYSIS PHOTOLYSIS METABOLIC COMBINED (FIELD) RAIN/RUNOFF (POND) (POND

- EFF) (POND) (POND)

-------------------------------------------------------------------- 857.00 2 N/A . 00

- .00 993.00 993.00

GENERIC EECs (IN NANOGRAMS/LITER (PPTr)) Version 2.0 Aug 1, 2001

-------------------------------------------------------------------- PEAK MAX 4 DAY MAX 21 DAY MAX 60 DAY MAX 90 DAY GE EC AVG GEEC AVG GEEC AVG GEEC AVG GEEC

-------------------------------------------------------------------- 17.90 17.81 17.35 16.36 15.66

RUN No. 2 FOR fluxapyroxad ON legume * INPUT VALUES *

-------------------------------------------------------------------- RATE (#/AC) No.APPS & SOIL SOLUBIL APPL TYPE NO

- SPRAY INCORP ONE(MULT) INTERVAL Koc (PPM ) (%DRIFT) (FT) (IN)

-------------------- -------------------------------------------------Page 85 of 150

-

.022( .022) 1 1 931.0 3.4 GRANUL( .0) .0 .0

FIELD AND STANDARD POND HALFLIFE VALUES (DAYS)

-------------------------------------------------------------------- METABOLIC DAYS UNTIL HYDROLYSIS PHOTOLYSIS METABOLIC COMBINED (FIELD) RAIN/RUNOFF (POND) (POND

- EFF) (POND) (POND)

-------------------------------------------------------------------- 857.00 2 N/A . 00

- .00 993.00 993.00

GENERIC EECs (IN NANOGRAMS/LITER (PPTr)) Version 2.0 Aug 1, 2001

-------------------------------------------------------------------- PEAK MAX 4 DAY MAX 21 DAY MAX 60 DAY MAX 90 DAY GE EC AVG GEEC AVG GEEC AVG GEEC AVG GEEC

-------------------------------------------------------------------- 492.16 489.84 477.05 449.79 430.65

RUN No. 3 FOR fluxapyroxad ON wheat * INPUT VALUES *

-------------------------------------------------------------------- RATE (#/AC) No.APPS & SOIL SOLUBIL APPL TYPE NO

- SPRAY INCORP ONE(MULT) INTERVAL Koc (PPM ) (%DRIFT) (FT) (IN)

-------------------- ------------------------------------------------ .078( .078) 1 1 931.0 3.4 GRANUL( .0) .0 .0

FIELD AND STANDARD POND HALFLIFE VALUES (DAYS)

-------------------------------------------------------------------- METABOLI C DAYS UNTIL HYDROLYSIS PHOTOLYSIS METABOLIC COMBINED (FIELD) RAIN/RUNOFF (POND) (POND

- EFF) (POND) (POND)

-------------------------------------------------------------------- 857.00 2 N/A .00

- .00 993.00 993.00
**GENERIC EECs (IN MICROGRAMS/LITER (PPB)) Version 2.0 Aug 1, 2001**

**-------------------------------------------------------------------- PEAK MAX 4 DAY MAX 21 DAY MAX 60 DAY MAX 90 DAY**  **GEEC AVG GEEC AVG GEEC AVG GEEC AVG GEEC**

**-------------------------------------------------------------------- 1.74 1.74 1.69 1.59 1.53** -Page 86 of 150

-



## Appendix **C . SCI** 

**- GROW**  **Results**

SCIGROW VERSION 2.3 ENVIRONMENTAL FATE AND EFFECTS DIVISION OFFICE OF PESTICIDE PROGRAMS U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

SCREENING MODEL FOR AQUATIC PESTICIDE EXPOSURE
SciGrow version 2.3 chemical:fluxapyroxad time is 10/27/2011 13:34:47

--------------------- --------------------------------------------------- Application Number of Total Use Koc Soil Aerobic rate (lb/acre) applications (lb/acre/yr) (ml/g) metabolism (days)

----------------------------------------------------------- ------------- 0.180 2.0 0.360 9.02E+02 366.0

------------------------------------------------------------------------ groundwater screening cond (ppb) = 8.74E

- 02
************************************************************************
SciGrow version 2.3 chemical:fluxapyroxad time is 10/27/2011 13:35: 5

------------------------------------------------------------------------ Application Number of Total Use Koc Soil Aerobic rate (lb/acre) applications (lb/acre/yr) (ml/g) metabolism (days)

------------------------------------------------------------------------ 0.078 1.0 0.078 9.02E+02 366.0

-- ---------------------------------------------------------------------- groundwater screening cond (ppb) = 1.89E

- 02
************************************************************************-Page 87 of 150

-



## Appendix D. **Example STIR**  **(v. 1. 0**  **) input and output data**-Page 88 of 150

-



## Appendix E. **Example SIP**  **(v. 1. 0**  **) input and output data**-Page 89 of 150

-



## Appendix **F**
**. Ecotoxicity data gaps and uncertainties**  **Table 1. Aquatic eco**  **toxicity data gaps and uncertainties. OCSPP**  **Guideline Study Type**  **Test Substance**  **MRID EPA**  **Study Classification**  **Fulfills EPA** 

**Guideline ?**  **Endpoints**
850.1350 Chronic Toxicity to Saltwater Mys id BAS 700 F 47923735 Invalid No N/A


### 850.1400 Early Li fe Stage

Toxicity to Fish, Freshwater Fathead Minnow BAS 700 F 47923729 Supplemental Yes 1 Reduced length: NOAEC = 35.9 g ai/L LOAEC = 67.6 g ai/L


### Early Li fe Stage Toxicity to Fish, Estuarine/Marine N/A N/A NA (not submitted) No N/A



### 850.1735 Spiked Sediment

Toxicity, Freshwater Amphipod (10

- day) BAS 700 F 47923744 Supplemental No 2 Survival : N/A Dry weight: EC 50 > 973 mg ai/kg sediment 95% CI = N/A NOAEC = 67 mg ai/kg sediment3 LOAEC = 113 mg ai/kg sediment 

### 850.1740 Spiked Sediment

Toxicity, Estuarine/Marine Amphipod (10

- day) BAS 700 F 47923745 Supplemental Yes Survival: 4 EC 50 = 120.7 mg ai/kg sediment 95% CI = 103.1

– 145.6 mg ai/kg sediment Probit slope = 2.03(1.66 to 2.40) mg ai/kg sediment NOAEC = 27 mg ai/kg sediment LOAEC = 57 mg ai/kg sediment Grow th: not reported 

### Nonguideline Spiked Sediment

Toxicity, Freshwater Midge (28

- day) BAS 700 F 47923746 Supplemental N/A Emergence: 5 EC 50 > 527 mg ai/kg sediment 95% CI = N/A NOAEC = 273 mg ai/kg sediment LOAEC = 527 mg ai/kg sediment Development: EC 50 > 527 mg ai/kg sediment 95% CI = N/A-Page 90 of 150

-



### OCSPP **Guideline Study Type**  **Test Substance**  **MRID EPA**  **Study Classification**  **Fulfills EPA** 

**Guideline ?**  **Endpoints**

NOAEC = 76 mg ai/kg sediment LOAEC = 146 mg ai/kg sediment 

### 850.5400 Algal Toxicity, Tiers I

and II Green alga BAS 700 F 47923737 Supplemental No 7 Cell density: not reported 6 Yield (cell density): EC 50 = 0.37 mg ai/L 95% CI = 0.35

– 0.38 mg ai/L Slope = 6.1 (±0.23) NOAEC = 0.15 mg ai/L
Grow th rate (cell density): EC 50 = 0.63 mg ai/L 95% CI = 0.60

– 0.67 mg ai/L Slope = 4.4 (±0.26) NOAEC = 0.15 mg ai/L BAS 700 01 F 47923818 Supplemental No 7 Cell density : 8 EC 50 = 0.71 mg ai/L 9 5% C.I. = 0. 60

- 0.8 4 mg ai/L Slope: 1.96 (± 0. 134) NOAEC: 0. 06 mg ai/L
Yield (cell density): EC 50 : 0.67 mg ai/L 95% C.I.: 0.57

- 0.78 mg ai/L Slope: 2.29 (±0. 15) NOAEC: 0.06 mg ai/L
Grow th rate (cell density): EC 50 = 1.5 mg ai/L 95% C.I.: 1.3

- 1.7 mg ai/L Slope: 1.91 (±0. 11) NOAEC = 0. 49 mg ai/L 

### Freshwater diatom BAS 700 F 47923742 Supplemental No 7 Cell density: 6 EC 50 = 1.6 mg ai/L 95% CI = 1.5

– 1.7 mg ai/L Slope = 2.3 (±0.08) NOAEC = 0.22 mg ai/L-Page 91 of 150

-



### OCSPP **Guideline Study Type**  **Test Substance**  **MRID EPA**  **Study Classification**  **Fulfills EPA** 

**Guideline ?**  **Endpoints**

Yield (cell density): EC 50 = 1.6 mg ai/L 95% CI = 1.5

– 1.7 mg ai/L Slope = 2.4 (±0.08) NOAEC = 0.22 mg ai/L
Grow th rate (cell density): EC 50 > 3.4 mg ai/L 95% CI = N/A Slope = N/A NOAEC = 0.44 mg ai/L 1 Validity criteria per OCSPP Guideline 850.1400 were not satisfied for temperature and analytical recovery in some replicates; however, the overall performance of the test was adequate and the study is considered scientifically sound. 2 EFED considers th e survival endpoints to be unreliable due to elevated mortality in two replicates of the solvent control and in one replicate each of the 67 and 113 mg ai/kg sediment treatments. However, EFED is not requesting additional data at this time because survival at the three highest treatment levels (up to 973 mg ai/kg sediment) was > 80%, as compared to 84% in the negative control. 3 EFED will use the visually determined NOAEC of 67 mg a.i./kg sediment (initial measured), based on 26% reduction in mean dry wei ght when compared to the negative control, in risk estimation. No replicate outliers were excluded in the determination of this endpoint. This study does not support a statistically derived NOAEC for growth (dry weight) because the minimum significant di fference is 95%. 4 EFED will use statistically

- derived endpoints based on mean measured concentrations and comparisons to the negative control. There was a substantive dif ference between endpoints based on comparison to the negative control and comparison to the pooled controls. Additional endpoints based on pore water and overlying water concentrations, also in comparison to the negative control, are reported in the Biological Results section of the study review. 5 EFED will use NOAEC and LO AEC values for emergence based on the complete dataset, without excluding the replicate at the highest treatment concentration in which only one midge emerged. This does not affect the values used in risk estimation because development was a more sensitive endpoint than emergence in this study. 6 The endpoints for use in EFED risk estimation and characterization are presented in the Biological Results section of the study review. 7 Although the algal toxicity tests were consistent with OECD test guideline 201, the tests with the green alga and the freshwater diatom do not satisfy OCSPP guideline 850.5400 because the algae in controls had not reached the logarithmic growth phase by test termination, and the light intensity was much higher than what is recommended in the OCSPP guideline. These deviations may affect the nature of the growth curve and the concentration

-response, thereby limiting the utility of the information in EPA risk assessment. However, EFED is not requesting additional algal toxicity tests at thi s time. 8 The endpoints verified by the reviewer, including NOAEC values and endpoints for cell density, were omitted from the study review although the Biological Results section describes how they were calculated. They are included in this memo. The EC 50 values are roughly equivalent to the EC 50 values reported by the study author.-Page 92 of 150

-



### Table **2**
**. Terrestrial**  **eco toxicity data gaps and uncertainties.**  **uideline Study Type**  **Test Substance**  **MRID EPA**  **Study Classification**  **Fulfills EPA** 

**Guideline ?**  **Endpoints**
850.2100 Zebra Finch BAS 700 F 47923717 Supplemental No 1 LD 50 > 2000 mg/kg bw NOAEL = 1000 mg/kg bw 

### 850.2300 Avian Reproduction

Bobwhite Quail BAS 700 F 47923720 Supplemental No 2 reduction in hatchling body weight: NOAEC < 100 mg/kg diet NOAEL < 7.8 mg/kg bw/day LOAEC = 100 mg/kg diet 

### 850.4225 Terrestrial Plant

Toxicity : Seedling Emergence, Tier II BAS 703 02 F (14.4% fluxapyroxad, 27.2% pyraclostrobin) 47924321 Supplemental No 3 inhibition of dry weight : mo nocot IC 25 > 0.0894 NOAEL = 0.0446 LOAEL = 0.0894 mo st sensitive monocot: onion dicot IC 25 > 0.0894 NOAEL = 0.0055 LOAEL = 0.0111 mo st sensitive dicot: cabbage 

### Nonguideline Toxicity

to Honey Bee Brood BAS 700 00 F 4 47923749 Supplemental N/A NOAEC = 0.11 lbs ai/A LOAEC > 0.11 lbs ai/A

1 Classified as supplemental due to extremely low light intensity and an extended fasting period, which compounds uncertainties about sublethal effects observed in female birds at thehighest dose. However, EFED is not requesting an additional study at this time. 2 EFED conservatively concluded that a NOAEC was not established due to the slight (5

- 7%) but statistically significant reduction in hatchling body weight at all treatment levels when compared to negative control, with full recovery by day 14. I t is uncer tain to what extent deviations from guideline

-recommended study conditions may have contributed to the observed effects. Deviations included high temperature (up to 42°C) in cage centers and extremely low light intensity (1

- 10 lux). EFED is not requesting an additional study at this time. 3 EFED concluded that apparent adjuvant interference in the Tier II Seedling Emergence study with BAS 703 02 F lends uncertainty to the results obtained for onion (the most sensitive monocot species), cabbage (the most sensitive dicot species), and tomato. 4 BAS 700 00 F (5.9% fluxapyroxad) is an emulsifiable concentrate (EC) end

-use product that is not included in the registration dossier for any of the Global Joint Review countries.-Page 93 of 150

-



## Appendix G. **Example T** 
**- REX (v. 1.4.1) input and output data** -Page 94 of 150

--Page 95 of 150

--Page 96 of 150

-



## Appendix H. **Example TerrPlant (v. 1.2.2) input and output data**-Page 97 of 150

-



## Appendix **I . LOCATES**  **(v. 2. 2**  **.0) output of listed species** 



# Species Listing by State with Use Criteria

No species were excluded Minimum of 1 Acre. All Medium T yp es Reported 

### Generic taxon {Amphibian, Arachnid, Bird, Bivalve, Conf/cycds, Coral, Crustacean, Dicot,

Ferns, Fish, Gastropod, Insect, Lichen, Mammal, Monocot, Reptile} barley for grain, corn for grain, corn for silage or greenchop, corn

-popcorn & sweet corn, corn

sweet for seed, beans

- all other, beans

- dry edible excluding limas, beans

- dry lima, beans

- green lima, beans

- snap (green), beans

- yard

- long, peas

- chinese (sugar and snow), peas

- dry edible, peas

dry southern (cow

peas), peas

- green (excluding southern), peas

- green southern (cow peas)

- blackeyed, crowder, etc., peas

-pigeon, eggplant, peppers harvested, peppers other than bell (including chile), peppers

-bell (excluding pimientos), tomatoes in the open, oats for grain, canola, rapeseed, sunflower seed

- oil varieties, flaxseed, crambe, jojoba harvested, safflower, sesame, peanuts for nuts, apples, pears

- all, rye for grain, soybeans, apricots, cherries

- sweet, cherries

-tart, nectarines, peaches

- all, plums and prunes, sugarbeets for seed, sugarbeets for sugar, potatoes,

dasheens, taro, ginger root, sweet potatoes, yams, wheat

- all, triticale 

### Alabama ( 96) species: **E/T Me**  **dium Taxon**  Salamander, Frosted Flatwoods (Ambystoma cingulatum) T Terrestrial, Amphibian Freshwater, Vernal pool Salamander, Red Hills (Phaeognathus hubrichti) T Terrestrial, Amphibian Freshwater Plover, Piping (Charadrius melodus) E Terrestrial Bird Stork, Wo od (Mycteria americana) E Terrestrial Bird Tern, Interior (population) Least (Sterna antillarum) E Terrestrial Bird Wo odpecker, Red

- cockaded (Picoides borealis) E Terrestrial Bird Bankclimber, Purple (Elliptoideus sloatianus) T Freshwater Bivalve Combshell, Southern (=Penitent (Epioblasma penita) E F reshwater Bivalve mu ssel) Combshell, Upland (Epioblasma metastriata) E Freshwater Bivalve Fanshell (Cyprogenia stegaria) E Freshwater Bivalve Kidneyshell, Triangular (Ptychobranchus greenii) E Freshwater Bivalve Mucket, Orange

- nacre (Lampsilis perovalis) T Freshwater Bivalve Mucket, Pink (Pearlymu ssel) (Lampsilis abrupta) E Freshwater Bivalve Mussel, Acornshell Southern (Epioblasma othcaloogensis) E Freshwater Bivalve Mussel, Alabama Moccasinshell (Medionidus acutissimus) T Freshwater Bivalve Mussel, Coosa Moccasinshell (Medionidus parvulus) E Freshwater Bivalve Mussel, Cumberland Combshell (Epioblasma brevidens) E Freshwater Bivalve Mussel, Dark Pigtoe (Pleurobema furvum) E Freshwater Bivalve Mussel, Fine

- lined Pocketbook (Lampsilis altil is) T Freshwater Bivalve Mussel, Fine

- rayed Pigtoe (Fusconaia cuneolus) E Freshwater Bivalve Mussel, Flat Pigtoe (=Marshall's (Pleurobema marshalli) E Freshwater Bivalve Mussel) Mussel, Gulf Moccasinshell (Medionidus penicillatus) E Freshwater Bivalve Mussel, Heavy Pigtoe (=Judge (Pleurobema taitianum) E Freshwater Bivalve Tait's Mussel) Mussel, Heelsplitter Inflated (Potamilus inflatus) T Freshwater Bivalve Mussel, Oval Pigtoe (Pleurobema pyriforme) E Freshwater Bivalve-Page 98 of 150

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### Alabama ( 96) species: **E/T Me**  **dium Taxon**  Mussel, Ovate Clubshell (Pleurobema perovatum) E Freshwater Bivalve Mussel, Ring Pink (=Golf Stick (Obovaria retusa) E Freshwater Bivalve Pearly) Mussel, Rough Pigtoe (Pleurobema plenum) E Freshwater Bivalve Mussel, Shiny Pigtoe (Fusconaia cor) E Freshwater Bivalve Mussel, Shiny

- rayed Pocketbook (Lampsilis subangulata) E Freshwater Bivalve Mussel, Southern Clubshell (Pleurobema decisum) E Freshwater Bivalve Mussel, Southern Pigtoe (Pleurobema georgianum) E Freshwater Bivalve Pearlymu ssel, Alabama Lamp (Lampsilis virescens) E Freshwater Bivalve Pearlymu ssel, Cracking (Hemistena lata) E Freshwater Bivalve Pearlymu ssel, Cumberland (Quadrula intermedia) E Freshwater Bivalve Monkey face Pearlymu ssel, Orange

-footed (Plethobasus cooperianus) E Freshwater Bivalve Pearlymu ssel, Pale Lilliput (Toxolasma cylindrellus) E Freshwater Bivalve Pearlymu ssel, Turgid

- blossom (Epioblasma turgidula) E Freshwater Bivalve Pearlymu ssel, Wh ite W artyback (Plethobasus cicatricosus) E Freshwater Bivalve Stirrupshell (Quadrula stapes) E Freshwater Bivalve Shrim p, Alabama Cave (Palaemonias alabamae) E Freshwater Crustacean Am phianthus, Little (Amphianthus pusillus) T Freshwater Dicot Barbara Buttons, Mohr's (Marshallia mohrii) T Terrestrial Dico t Bladderpod, Lyrate (Lesquerella lyrata) T Terrestrial Dicot Chaffseed, American (Schwalbea americana) E Terrestrial Dicot Clover, Leafy Prairie (Dalea foliosa) E Terrestrial Dicot Harperella (Ptilimnium nodosum) E Freshwater Dicot Leather

-flower, Alabama (Clematis socialis) E Terrestrial Dicot Leather

-flower, Morefield's (Clematis morefieldii) E Terrestrial Dicot Pinkroot, Gentian (Spigelia gentianoides) E Terrestrial Dicot Pitcher

- plant, Alabama Canebrake (Sarracenia rubra alabamensis) E Terrestrial, Dicot Freshwater Pitcher

- plant, Green (Sarracenia oreophila) E Terrestrial, Dicot Freshwater Pondberry (Lindera melissifolia) E Terrestrial Dicot Potato

- bean, Price's (Apios priceana) T Terrestrial Dicot Fern, Alabama Streak

- sorus (Thelypteris pilosa var. alabamensis) T Terrestrial Ferns Fern, American hart's

- tongue (Asplenium scolopendrium var. T Terrestrial Ferns Quillwort, Louisiana (Isoetes louisianensis) E Terrestrial, Ferns Freshwater Cavefish, Alabama (Speoplatyrhinus poulsoni) E Freshwater Fish Chub, Spotfin (Erimonax monachus) T Freshwater Fish Darter, Boulder (Etheostoma wapiti) E Freshwater Fish Darter, Goldline (Percina aurolineata) T Freshwater Fish Darter, Slackwater (Etheostoma boschungi) T Freshwater Fish Darter, Snail (Percina tanasi) T Freshwater Fish Darter, Vermilion (Etheostoma chermocki) E Freshwater Fish Darter, W atercress (Etheostoma nuchale) E Freshwater Fish Sculpin, Pygm y (Cottus paulus (=pygmaeus)) T Freshwater Fish Shiner, Blue (Cyprinella caerulea) T Freshwater Fish 

### Alabama ( 96) species: **E/T Me**  **dium Taxon**  Shiner, Cahaba (Notropis cahabae) E Freshwater Fish Shiner, Palezone (Notropis albizonatus) E Freshwater Fish Sturgeon, Alabama (Scaphirhynchus suttkusi) E Freshwater Fish-Page 99 of 150

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Sturgeon, Gulf (Acipenser oxyrinchus desotoi) T Freshwater, Fish Campeloma, Slender (Campeloma decampi) E Freshwater Gastropod Elimia, Lacy (Elimia crenatella) T Freshwater Gastropod Pebblesnail, Flat (Lepyrium showalteri) E Freshwater Gastropod Riversnail, Ant hony's (Athearnia anthonyi) E Freshwater Gastropod Rocksnail, Painted (Leptoxis taeniata) T Freshwater Gastropod Rocksnail, Plicate (Leptoxis plicata) E Freshwater Gastropod Rocksnail, Round (Leptoxis ampla) T Freshwater Gastropod Snail, Armored (Pyrgulopsis (=Marstonia) pachyta) E Freshwater Gastropod Snail, Lioplax Cylindrical (Lioplax cyclostomaformis) E Freshwater Gastropod Snail, Tulotoma (Tulotoma magnifica) E Terrestrial Gastropod Butterfly, Mitchell's Satyr (Neonympha mitchellii mitchellii) E Terrestrial, Perm. Insect wetland Dragonfly, Hine's Emerald (Somatochlora hineana) E Terrestrial, Insect Freshwater Bat, Gray (Myotis grisescens) E Terrestrial, Mammal Subterraneous Bat, Indiana (Myotis sodalis) E Terrestrial, Mamma l Subterraneous Manatee, We st Indian (Trichechus manatus) E Saltwater Mammal Mouse, Alabama Beach (Peromyscus polionotus ammobates) E Terrestrial, Coastal Mammal Mouse, Perdido Key Beach (Peromyscus polionotus trissyllepsis) E Coastal Mammal Bulrush, Northeastern (=Barbed (Scirpus ancistrochaetus) E Terrestrial, Monocot Bristle) Freshwater Grass, Tennessee Yellow

- eyed (Xyris tennesseensis) E Terrestrial Monocot Trillium, Relict (Trillium reliquum) E Terrestrial Monocot Water

- plantain, Kral's (Sagittaria secundifolia) T Freshwater Monocot Snake, Eastern Indigo (Drymarchon corais couperi) T Terrestrial Reptile Tortoise, Gopher (Gopherus polyphemus) T Terrestrial Reptile Turtle, Alabama Red

- bellied (Pseudemys alabamensis) E Terrestrial, Reptile Freshwater Turtle, Flattened Musk (Sternotherus depressus) T Terrestrial, Reptile Freshwater 

### Alaska ( 4) species: **E/T Me**  **dium Taxon**  Albatross, Short

- tailed (Phoebastria (=Diomedea) albatrus) E Terrestrial, Saltwater Bird Eider, Steller's (Polysticta stelleri) T Terrestrial, Saltwater Bird Otter, Northern Sea (Enhydra lutris kenyoni) T Saltwater Mammal Seal, spotted (Phoca largha) T Saltwater Mammal 

### Arizona ( 56) species: **E/T Me**  **dium Taxon** -Page 100 of 150

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Frog, Chiricahua Leopard (Rana chiricahuensis) T Terrestrial, Amphibian Freshwater Salamander, Sonora Tiger (Ambystoma tigrinum stebbinsi) E Terrestrial, Amphibian Freshwater, Vernal pool Bobwhite, Masked (Colinus virginianus ridgwayi) E Terrestrial Bird Condor, California (Gymnogyps california nus) E Terrestrial Bird 

### Arizona ( 56) species: **E/T Me**  **dium Taxon**  Eagle, Bald (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) T Terrestrial Bird Falcon, Northern Aplomado (Falco femoralis septentrionalis) E Terrestrial Bird Flycatcher, Southwestern W illow (Empidonax traillii extimus) E Terrestrial Bird Owl, Mexican Spotted (Strix occidentalis lucida) T Terrestrial Bird Rail, Yuma Clapper (Rallus longirostris yumanensis) E Terrestrial Bird Blue

- star, Kearney's (Amsonia kearneyana) E Terrestrial Dicot Cactus, Arizona Hedgehog (Echinocereus triglochidiatus var. E Terrestrial Dicot Cactus, Brady Pincushion (Pediocactus bradyi) E Terrestrial Dicot Cactus, Cochise Pincushion (Coryphantha robbinsorum) T Terrestrial Dicot Cactus, Nichol's Turk's Head (Echinocactus horiz onthalonius var. E Terrestrial Dicot Cactus, Peebles Navajo (Pediocactus peeblesianus E Terrestrial Dicot Cactus, Pima Pineapple (Coryphantha scheeri var. robustispina) E Terrestrial Dicot Cactus, Siler Pincushion (Pediocactus (=Ech inocactus,=Utahia) T Terrestrial Dicot Cliffrose, Arizona (Purshia (=cowania) subintegra) E Terrestrial Dicot Cycladenia, Jones (Cycladenia jonesii (=humilis)) T Terrestrial Dicot Fleabane, Zuni (Erigeron rhiz omatus) T Terrestrial Dicot Groundsel, San Francisco Peaks (Senecio franciscanus) T Terrestrial Dicot Milk

-vetch, Holmgren (Astragalus holmgreniorum) E Terrestrial Dicot Milk

-vetch, Sentry (Astragalus cremnophylax var. E Terrestrial Dicot cremnophylax) Milkweed, We lsh's (Asclepias welshii) T Terrestrial Dicot Umbel, Huachuca Wa ter (Lilaeopsis schaffneriana var. recurva) E Terrestrial, Dicot Freshwater Catfish, Yaqui (Ictalurus pricei) T Freshwater Fish Chub, Bonytail (Gila elegans) E Freshwater Fish Chub, Gila (Gila intermedia) E Freshwater Fish Chub, Humpback (Gila cypha) E Freshwater Fish Chub, Sonora (Gila ditaenia) T Freshwater Fish Chub, Virgin River (Gila seminuda (=robusta)) E Freshwater Fish Chub, Yaqui (Gila purpurea) E Freshwater Fish Minnow, Loach (Tiaroga cobitis) T Freshwater Fish Pupfish, Desert (Cyprinodon macularius) E Freshwater Fish Shiner, Beautiful (Cyprinella formosa) T Freshwater Fish Spikedace (Meda fulgida) T Freshwater Fish Spinedace, Little Colorado (Lepidomeda vittata) T Freshwater Fish Squawfish, Colorado (Ptychocheilus lucius) E Freshwater Fish Steelhead (Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) mykiss) E Freshwater, Fish Brackish, Saltwater Sucker, Razorback (Xyrauchen texanus) E Freshwater Fish Topminnow, Gila (Yaqui) (Poeciliopsis occidentalis) E Freshwater Fish Trout, Apache (Oncorhynchus apache) T Freshwater Fish Trout, Gila (Oncorhynchus gilae) E Freshwater Fish Wo undfin (Plagopterus argentissimus) E Freshwater Fish Am bersnail, Kanab (Oxyloma haydeni kanabensis) E Terrestrial, Gastropod Freshwater Bat, Lesser (=Sanborn's) Long

- (Leptonycteris curasoae yerbabuenae) E Terrestrial,-Page 101 of 150

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Mammal nosed Subterraneous 

### Arizona ( 56) species: **E/T Me**  **dium Taxon**  Ferret, Black

-footed (Mustela nigripes) E Terrestrial Mammal Jaguar (Panthera onca) E Terrestrial Mammal Ocelot (Leopardus (=Felis) pardalis) E Terrestrial Mammal Pronghorn, Sonoran (Antilocapra americana sonoriensis) E Terrestrial Mammal Squirrel, Mount Graham Red (Tamiasciurus hudsonicus grahamensis) E Terrestrial Mammal Vole, Hualapa i Mexican (Microtus mexicanus hualpaiensis) E Terrestrial Mammal Ladies'

- tresses, Canelo Hills (Spiranthes delitescens) E Terrestrial Monocot Sedge, Navajo (Carex specuicola) T Terrestrial Monocot Rattlesnake, New Mexican Ridge

- (Crotalus willardi obscurus) T Terrestrial Reptile nosed Tortoise, Desert (Gopherus agassiz ii) T Terrestrial Reptile 

### Arkansas ( 34) species: **E/T Me**  **dium Taxon**  Eagle, Bald (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) T Terrestrial Bird Tern, Interior (population) Least (Sterna antillarum) E Terrestrial Bird Wa rbler, Bachman's (Vermivora bachmanii) E Terrestrial Bird Wo odpecker, Ivory

- billed (Campephilus principalis) E Terrestrial Bird Wo odpecker, Red

- cockaded (Picoides borealis) E Terrestrial Bird Fatmucket, Arkansas (Lampsilis powelli) T Freshwater Bivalve Mucket, Pink (Pearlymu ssel) (Lampsilis abrupta) E Freshwater Bivalve Mussel, Scaleshell (Leptodea leptodon) E Freshwater Bivalve Mussel, Speckled Pocketbook (Lampsilis streckeri) E Freshwater Bivalve Mussel, W inged Mapleleaf (Quadrula fragosa) E Freshwater Bivalve Pearlymu ssel, Curtis' (Epioblasma florentina curtisii) E Freshwater Bivalve Pearlymu ssel, Fat Pocketbook (Potamilus capax) E Freshwater Bivalve Pearlymu ssel, Turgid

- blossom (Epioblasma turgidula) E Freshwater Bivalve Rock

- pocketbook, Ouachita (Arkansia wheeleri) E Freshwater Bivalve (=Wh eeler's pm) Cray fi sh, Cave (Cambarus (Cambarus aculabrum) E Freshwater Crustacean aculabrum) Bladderpod, Missouri (Lesquerella filiformis) T Terrestrial Dicot Catchfly, Spalding's (Silene spaldingii) T Terrestrial Dicot Clover, Running Buffalo (Trifolium stoloniferum) E Terrestrial Dicot Fruit, Earth (=geocarpon) (Geocarpon minimum) T Terrestrial Dicot Harperella (Ptilimnium nodosum) E Freshwater Dicot Pondberry (Lindera melissifolia) E Terrestrial Dicot Cavefish, Ozark (Amblyopsis rosae) T Freshwater Fish Darter, Leopard (Percina pantherina) T Freshwater Fish Shiner, Arkansas River (Notropis girardi) T Freshwater Fish Sturgeon, Pallid (Scaphirhynchus albus) E Freshwater Fish Trout, Bull (Salvelinus confluentus) T Freshwater Fish Shagreen, Magazine Mountain (Mesodon magaz inensis) T Terrestrial Gastropod Beetle, American Burying (Nicrophorus americanus) E Terrestrial Insect Bat, Gray (Myotis grisescens) E Terrestrial, Mammal-Page 102 of 150

- Subterraneous

Bat, Indiana (Myotis sodalis) E Terrestrial, Mammal Subterraneous 

### Arkansas ( 34) species: **E/T Me**  **dium Taxon**  Bat, Ozark Big

- eared (Corynorhinus (=Plecotus) townsendii E Terrestrial, Mammal Subterraneous Panther, Florida (Puma (=Felis) concolor coryi) E Terrestrial Mammal Rabbit, Pygm y (Brachylagus idahoensis) E Terrestrial Mammal Ladies'

- tresses, Ute (Spiranthes diluvialis) T Terrestrial Monocot 

### California ( 290) species: **E/T Me**  **dium Taxon**  Frog, California Red

- legged (Rana aurora draytonii) T Terrestrial, Amphibian Freshwater Frog, Mountain Yellow

- legged (Rana muscosa) E Terrestrial, Amphibian Freshwater Salamander, California Tiger (Ambystoma californiense) E Terrestrial, Vernal Amphibian pool Salamander, Desert Slender (Batrachoseps aridus) E Terrestrial, Amphibian Freshwater Salamander, Santa Cruz Long

- toed (Ambystoma macrodactylum croceum) E Terrestrial, Amphibian Freshwater, Vernal pool Toad, Arroyo Southwestern (Bufo californicus (=microscaphus)) E Terrestrial, Amphibian Freshwater Albatross, Short

- tailed (Phoebastria (=Diomedea) albatrus) E Terrestrial, Saltwater Bird Condor, California (Gymnogyps californianus) E Terrestrial Bird Flycatcher, Southwestern W illow (Empidonax traillii extimus) E Terrestrial Bird Gnatcatcher, Coastal California (Polioptila californica californica) T Terrestrial Bird Murrelet, Marbled (Brachyramphus marmoratus) T Terrestrial, Bird Freshwater, Owl, Northern Spotted (Strix occidentalis caurina) T Terrestrial Bird Plover, We stern Snowy (Charadrius alexandrinus nivosus) T Terrestrial Bird Rail, California Clapper (Rallus longirostris obsoletus) E Terrestrial Bird Rail, Light

-footed Clapper (Rallus longirostris levipes) E Terrestrial Bird Rail, Yuma Clapper (Rallus longirostris yumanensis) E Terrestrial Bird Shrike, San Clemente (Lanius ludovicianus mearnsi) E Terrestrial Bird Sparrow, San Clemente Sage (Amphispiz a belli clementeae) T Terrestrial Bird Tern, California Least (Sterna antillarum browni) E Terrestrial Bird Towhee, Inyo Brown (Pipilo crissalis eremophilus) T Terrestrial Bird Vireo, Least Bell's (Vireo bellii pusillus) E Terrestrial Bird Cy press, Gowen (Cupressus goveniana ssp. goveniana) T Terrestrial Conf/cycds Cy pre ss, Santa Cruz (Cupressus abramsiana) E Terrestrial Conf/cycds Cray fi sh, Shasta (Pacifastacus fortis) E Freshwater Crustacean Fairy Shrimp, Conservancy Fairy (Branchinecta conservatio) E Vernal pool Crustacean Fairy Shrimp, Longhorn (Branchinecta longiantenna) E Vernal pool-Page 103 of 150

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Crustacean Fairy Shrimp, Riverside (Streptocephalus woottoni) E Vernal pool Crustacean Fairy Shrimp, San Diego (Branchinecta sandiegonensis) E Vernal pool Crustacean Fairy Shrimp, Vernal Pool (Branchinecta lynchi) T Vernal po ol Crustacean Shrim p, California Freshwater (Syncaris pacifica) E Freshwater Crustacean Tadpole Shrimp, Vernal Pool (Lepidurus packardi) E Vernal pool Crustacean Adobe Sunburst, San Joaquin (Pseudobahia peirsonii) T Terrestrial Dicot Allocarya, Calistoga (Plagiobothrys strictus) E Vernal pool Dicot Am brosia, San Diego (Ambrosia pumila) E Terrestrial Dicot Baccharis, Encinitas (Baccharis vanessae) T Terrestrial Dicot 

### California ( 290) species: **E/T Me**  **dium Taxon**  Barberry, Island (Berberis pinnata ssp. insularis) E Terrestrial Dicot Barberry, Nevin's (Berberis nevinii) E Terrestrial Dicot Bedstraw, El Dorado (Galium californicum ssp. sierrae) E Terrestrial Dicot Bedstraw, Island (Galium buxifolium) E Terrestrial Dicot Bird's

- beak, Palm ate

- bracted (Cordylanthus palmatus) E Terrestrial Dicot Bird's

- beak, Pennell's (Cordylanthus tenuis ssp. capillaris) E Terrestrial Dicot Bird's

- beak, salt marsh (Cordylanthus maritimus ssp. maritimus) E Saltwater Dicot Bird's

- beak, Soft (Cordylanthus mollis ssp. mollis) E Brackish, Saltwater Dicot Bladderpod, San Bernardino (Lesquerella kingii ssp. bernardina) E Terrestrial Dicot Mountains Bluecurls, Hidden Lake (Trichostema austromontanum ssp. T Terrestrial Dicot compactum) Broom, San Clemente Island (Lotus dendroideus ssp. traskiae) E Terrestrial Dicot Buckwheat, Cushenbury (Eriogonum ovalifolium var. vineum) E Terrestrial Dicot Buckwheat, Ione (incl. Irish Hill) (Eriogonum apricum (incl. var. prostratum)) E Terrestrial Dicot Buckwheat, Southern Mountain W ild (Eriogonum kennedyi var. T Terrestrial Dicot Bush

- ma llow, San Clemente Island (Malacothamnus clementinus) E Terrestrial Dicot Bush

- ma llow, Santa Cruz Island (Malacothamnus fasciculatus var. E Terrestrial Dicot Butterweed, Layne's (Senecio layneae) T Terrestrial Dicot Button

- celery, San Diego (Eryngium aristulatum var. parishii) E Terrestrial Dicot Cactus, Bakersfield (Opuntia treleasei) E Terrestrial Dicot Ceanothus, Coyote (Ceanothus ferrisae) E Terrestrial Dicot Ceanothus, Pine Hill (Ceanothus roderickii) E Terrestrial Dicot Ceanothus, Vail Lake (Ceanothus ophiochilus) T Terrestrial Dicot Centaury, Spring

- loving (Centaurium namophilum) T Terrestrial Dicot Checker

- ma llow, Keck's (Sidalcea keckii) E Terrestrial D icot Checker

- ma llow, Kenwood Marsh (Sidalcea oregana ssp. valida) E Terrestrial Dicot Checker

- ma llow, Pedate (Sidalcea pedata) E Terrestrial Dicot Clarkia, Pismo (Clarkia speciosa ssp. immaculata) E Terrestrial Dicot Clarkia, Presidio (Clarkia franciscana) E Terrestrial Dicot Clarkia, Springville (Clarkia springvillensis) T Terrestrial Dicot Clarkia, Vine Hill (Clarkia imbricata) E Terrestrial Dicot Clover, Fleshy Owl's (Castilleja campestris ssp. succulenta) T Vernal pool Dicot Clover, Monterey (Trifolium trichocalyx) E Terrestrial Dicot Clover, Showy Indian (Trifolium amoenum) E Terrestrial Dicot Coyote

- thistle, Loch Lomond (Eryngium constancei) E Terrestrial Dicot Crownbeard, Big

- leaved (Verbesina dissita) T Terrestrial Dicot Crownscale, San Jacinto Valley (Atriplex coronata var. notatior) E Terrestrial Dicot Daisy, Parish's (Erigeron parishii) T Freshwater Dicot-Page 104 of 150

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Dudleya, Conejo (Dudleya abramsii ssp. parva) T Terrestrial Dicot Dudleya, Marcescent (Dudleya cymosa ssp. marcescens) T Terrestrial Dicot Dudleya, Santa Clara Valley (Dudleya setchellii) E Terrestrial Dicot Dudleya, Santa Cruz Island (Dudleya nesiotica) T Terrestrial Dicot Dudleya, Santa Monica Mountains (Dudleya cymosa ssp. ovatifolia) T Terrestrial Dicot Dudleya, Verity's (Dudleya verityi) T Terrestrial Dicot 

### California ( 290) species: **E/T Me**  **dium Taxon**  Dwarf

-flax, Marin (Hesperolinon congestum) T Terrestrial Dicot Evening

- primrose, Antioch Dunes (Oenothera deltoides ssp. howellii) E Terrestrial Dicot Evening

- primrose, Eureka Valley (Oenothera avita ssp. eurekensis) E Terrestrial Dicot Evening

- primrose, San Benito (Camissonia benitensis) T Terrestrial Dicot Fiddleneck, Large

-flowered (Amsinckia grandiflora) E Terrestrial Dicot Flannelbush, Mexican (Fremontodendron mexicanum) E Terrestrial Dicot Flannelbush, Pine Hill (Fremontodendron californicum ssp. E Terrestrial Dicot decumbens) Fringepod, Santa Cruz Island (Thysanocarpus conchuliferus) E Terrestrial Dicot Gilia, Hoffmann's Slender

- (Gilia tenuiflora ssp. hoffmannii) E Terrestrial Dicot Gilia, Monterey (Gilia tenuiflora ssp. arenaria) E Terrestrial Dicot Golden Sunburst, Hartweg's (Pseudobahia bahiifolia) E Terrestrial Dicot Goldfields, Burke's (Lasthenia burkei) E Terrestrial Dicot Gold fields, Contra Costa (Lasthenia conjugens) E Terrestrial Dicot Grass, Hairy Orcutt (Orcuttia pilosa) E Vernal pool Dicot Grass, Sacramento Orcutt (Orcuttia viscida) E Vernal pool Dicot Grass, Slender Orcutt (Orcuttia tenuis) T Vernal pool Dicot Gumplant, Ash Meadows (Grindelia fraxino

- pratensis) T Terrestrial Dicot Howellia, W ater (Howellia aquatilis) T Freshwater Dicot Jewelflower, California (Caulanthus californicus) E Terrestrial Dicot Jewelflower, Metcalf Canyon (Streptanthus albidus ssp. albidus) E Terrestrial Dicot Jewelflower, Tiburon (Streptanthus niger) E Terrestrial Dicot Larkspur, Baker's (Delphinium bakeri) E Terrestrial Dicot Larkspur, San Clemente Island (Delphinium variegatum ssp. kinkiense) E Terrestrial Dicot Larkspur, Ye llow (Delphinium luteum) E Terrestrial Dicot Layia, Beach (Layia carnosa) E Terrestrial, Coastal Dicot Lessingia, San Francisco (Lessingia germanorum (=L.g. var. E Terrestrial Dicot germanorum)) Liveforever, Laguna Beach (Dudleya stolonifera) T Terrestrial Dicot Liveforever, Santa Barbara Island (Dudleya traskiae) E Terrestrial Dicot Lupine, Clover (Lupinus tidestromii) E Coastal Dicot Lupine, Nipomo Mesa (Lupinus nipomensis) E Coastal Dicot Malacothrix, Island (Malacothrix squalida) E Terrestrial Dicot Malacothrix, Santa Cruz Island (Malacothrix indecora) E Terrestrial Dicot Mallow, Kern (Eremalche kernensis) E Terrestrial Dicot Manzanita, Del Mar (Arctostaphylos glandulosa ssp. E Terrestrial Dicot Manzanita, Ione (Arctostaphylos myrtifolia) T Terrestrial Dicot Manzanita, Morro (Arctostaphylos morroensis) T Terrestrial Dicot Manzanita, Pallid (Arctostaphylos pallida) T Terrestrial Dicot Manzanita, Santa Rosa Island (Arctostaphylos confertiflora) E Terrestrial Dicot Meadowfoam, Butte County (Limnanthes floccosa ssp. californica) E Vernal pool Dicot Meadowfoam, Sebastopol (Limnanthes vinculans) E Terrestrial, Dicot Freshwater Milk

-vetch, Applegate's (Astragalus applegatei) E Terrestrial Dicot Milk

-vetch, Braunton's (Astragalus brauntonii) E Terrestrial Dicot Milk

-vetch, Clara Hunt's (Astragalus clarianus) E Terrestrial Dicot 

### California ( 290) species: **E/T Me**  **dium Taxon**  Milk

-vetch, Coachella Valley (Astragalus lentiginosus var. coachellae) E Terrestrial Dicot-Page 105 of 150

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Milk

-vetch, Coastal Dunes (Astragalus tener var. titi) E Terrestrial Dicot Milk

-vetch, Cushenbury (Astragalus albens) E Terrestrial Dicot Milk

-vetch, Fish Slough (Astragalus lentiginosus var. piscinensis) T Terrestrial Dicot Milk

-vetch, Pierson's (Astragalus magdalenae var. peirsonii) T Terrestrial Dicot Milk

-vetch, Triple

- ribbed (Astragalus tricarinatus) E Terrestrial Dicot Milk

-vetch, Ventura Marsh (Astragalus pycnostachyus var. E Terrestrial, Dicot lanosissimus) Freshwater Mint, Otay Mesa (Pogogyne nudiuscula) E Terrestrial Dicot Mint, San Diego Mesa (Pogogyne abramsii) E Terrestrial Dicot Monardella, Wi llowy (Monardella linoides ssp. viminea) E Terrestrial Dicot Morning

- glory, Stebbins (Calystegia stebbinsii) E Terrestrial Dicot Mountainbalm, In dian Knob (Eriodictyon altissimum) E Terrestrial Dicot Mountain

- ma hogany, Catalina (Cercocarpus traskiae) E Terrestrial Dicot Island Mustard, Slender

- petaled (Thelypodium stenopetalum) E Terrestrial Dicot Navarretia, Few

-flowered (Navarretia leucocephala ssp. Pauciflora) E Terrestrial, Vernal Dicot pool Navarretia, Many

-flowered (Navarretia leucocephala ssp. plieantha) E Terrestrial, Vernal Dicot pool Navarretia, Spreading (Navarretia fossalis) T Vernal pool Dicot Niterwort, Amargosa (Nitrophila mohavensis) E Terrestrial Dicot Oxy theca, Cushenbury (Oxytheca parishii var. goodmaniana) E Terrestrial Dicot Paintbrush, Ash

- grey

Indian (Castilleja cinerea) T Terrestrial Dicot Paintbrush, San Clemente Island (Castilleja grisea) E Terrest rial Dicot Indian Paintbrush, Soft

- leaved (Castilleja mollis) E Terrestrial Dicot Paintbrush, Tiburon (Castilleja affinis ssp. neglecta) E Terrestrial Dicot Penny

- cress, Kneeland Prairie (Thlaspi californicum) E Terrestrial Dicot Pentachaeta, Lyon's (Pentachaeta lyonii) E Terrestrial Dicot Pentachaeta, W hite

- rayed (Pentachaeta bellidiflora) E Terrestrial Dicot Phacelia, Island (Phacelia insularis ssp. insularis) E Terrestrial Dicot Phlox, Yreka (Phlox hirsuta) E Terrestrial Dicot Polygonum, Scott' s Valley (Polygonum hickmanii) E Terrestrial Dicot Potentilla, Hickman's (Potentilla hickmanii) E Terrestrial Dicot Pussypaws, Mariposa (Calyptridium pulchellum) T Terrestrial Dicot Rock

- cress, Hoffmann's (Arabis hoffmannii) E Terrestrial Dicot Rock

- cress, McDonald's (Arabis mcdonaldiana) E Terrestrial Dicot Rock

- cress, Santa Cruz Island (Sibara filifolia) E Terrestrial Dicot Rush

- rose, Island (Helianthemum greenei) T Terrestrial Dicot Sandwort, Bear Valley (Arenaria ursina) T Terrestrial Dicot Sandwort, Marsh (Arenaria paludicola) E Terrestrial, Dicot Freshwater Sea

- blite, California (Suaeda californica) E Terrestrial Dicot Spineflower, Ben Lomond (Chorizanthe pungens var. hartwegiana) E Terrestrial Dicot Spineflower, Howell's (Chori zanthe howellii) E Terrestrial Dicot Spineflower, Monterey (Chorizanthe pungens var. pungens) T Terrestrial Dicot Spineflower, Orcutt's (Chorizanthe orcuttiana) E Terrestrial Dicot 

### California ( 290) species: **E/T Me**  **dium Taxon**  Spineflower, Robust (Chorizanthe robusta va r. robusta) E Terrestrial Dicot Spineflower, Scotts Valley (Chorizanthe robusta var. hartwegii) E Terrestrial Dicot Spineflower, Slender

- horned (Dodecahema leptoceras) E Terrestrial Dicot Spineflower, Sonoma (Chorizanthe valida) E Terrestrial Dicot Spurge, Hoover's (Chamaesyce hooveri) T Vernal pool Dicot Stick ys eed, Baker's (Blennosperma bakeri) E Vernal pool Dicot Stonecrop, Lake County (Parvisedum leiocarpum) E Vernal pool Dicot Sunflower, San Mateo W ooll y (Eriophyllum latilobum) E Terrestrial Dicot-Page 106 of 150

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Taraxacum, California (Taraxacum californicum) E Terrestrial Dicot Tarplant, Gaviota (Deinandra increscens ssp. villosa) E Terrestrial Dicot Tarplant, Otay (Deinandra (=Hemizonia) conjugens) T Terrestrial Dicot Tarplant, Santa Cruz (Holocarpha macradenia) T Terrestrial Dicot Thistle, Chorro creek Bog (Cirsium fontinale var. obispoense) E Terrestrial, Dicot Freshwater Thistle, Fountain (Cirsium fontinale var. fontinale) E Terrestrial Dicot Thistle, La Graciosa (Cirsium loncholepis) E Freshwater, Dicot Brackish, Coastal Thistle, Suisun (Cirsium hydrophilum var. hydrophilum) E Terrestrial, Brackish Dicot Thornmint, San Diego (Acanthomintha ilicifolia) T Terrestrial Dicot Thornmint, San Mateo (Acanthomintha obovata ssp. duttonii) E Terrestrial Dicot Tuctoria, Green's (Tuctoria greenei) E Vernal pool Dicot Vervain, California (Verbena californica) T Terrestrial Dicot Wa llflower, Ben Lomond (Erysimum teretifolium) E Terrestrial Dicot Wa llflower, Contra Costa (Erysimum capitatum var. angustatum) E Terrestrial Dicot Wa llflower, Menzie's (Erysimum menziesii) E Terrestrial Dicot Watercress, Gambel's (Rorippa gambellii) E Terrestrial, Dicot Freshwater, Brackish Wo odland

- star, San Clemente (Lithophragma maximum) E Terrestrial Dicot Island Wo olly

- star, Santa Ana River (Eriastrum densifolium ssp. sanctorum) E Terrestrial Dicot Wo olly

- threads, San Joaquin (Monolopia (=Lembertia) congdonii) E Terrestrial Dicot Yerba Santa, Lompoc (Eriodictyon capitatum) E Terrestrial Dicot Chub, Bonytail (Gila elegans) E Freshwater Fish Chub, Mohave Tui (Gila bicolor mohavensis) E Freshwater Fish Chub, Owens Tui (Gila bicolor snyderi) E Freshwater Fish Goby, Tidewater (Eucyclogobius newberryi) E Freshwater Fish Pupfish, Desert (Cyprinodon macularius) E Freshwater Fish Pupfish, Owens (Cyprinodon radiosus) E Freshwater Fish Salm on, Chinook (Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) tshawytscha) E/T Freshwater, Fish Brackish, Saltwater Salm on, Coho (Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) kisutch) E Freshwater, Fish Brackish, Saltwater Sm elt, Delta (Hypomesus transpacificus) T Freshwater, Brackish Fish Squawfish, Colorado (Ptychocheilus lucius) E Freshwater Fish Steelhead (Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) mykiss) E Freshwater, Fish Brackish, Saltwater Stickleback, Unarmored (Gasterosteus aculeatus williamsoni) E Freshwater Fish Threespine 

### California ( 290) species: **E/T Me**  **dium Taxon**  Sturgeon, North American green (Acipenser medirostris) T Freshwater, Fish Sucker, Lost River (Deltistes luxatus) E Freshwater Fish Sucker, Modoc (Catostomus microps) E Freshwater Fish Sucker, Razorback (Xyrauchen texanus) E Freshwater Fish Sucker, Santa Ana (Catostomus santaanae) T Freshwater Fish Sucker, Shortnose (Chasmistes brevirostris) E Freshwater Fish Trout , Lahontan Cutthroat (Oncorhynchus clarki henshawi) T Freshwater Fish Trout, Little Kern Golden (Oncorhynchus aguabonita whitei) T Freshwater Fish Trout, Paiute Cutthroat (Oncorhynchus clarki seleniris) T Freshwater Fish Abalone, W hite (Haliotis sorenseni) E Saltwater Gastropod Snail, Morro Shoulderband (Helminthoglypta walkeriana) E Terrestrial Gastropod Beetle, Delta Green Ground (Elaphrus viridis) T Terrestrial, Vernal Insect pool-Page 107 of 150

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Beetle, Mount Hermon June (Polyphylla barbata) E Terrestrial, Insect Subterraneous Beetle, Ohlone Tiger (Cicindela ohlone) E Terrestrial Insect Beetle, Valley Elderberry Longhorn (Desmocerus californicus dimorphus) T Terrestrial Insect Butterfly, Bay Checkerspot (Euphydryas editha bayensis) T Terre strial Insect (W right's euphydryas) Butterfly, Behren's Silverspot (Speyeria zerene behrensii) E Terrestrial Insect Butterfly, Callippe Silverspot (Speyeria callippe callippe) E Terrestrial Insect Butterfly, El Segundo Blue (Euphilotes battoides allyni) E Terrestrial Insect Butterfly, Lange's Metalmark (Apodemia mormo langei) E Terrestrial Insect Butterfly, Lotis Blue (Lycaeides argyrognomon lotis) E Terrestrial Insect Butterfly, Mission Blue (Icaricia icarioides missionensis) E Terrestrial Ins ect Butterfly, Myrtle's Silverspot (Speyeria zerene myrtleae) E Terrestrial Insect Butterfly, Oregon Silverspot (Speyeria zerene hippolyta) T Terrestrial Insect Butterfly, Palos Verdes Blue (Glaucopsyche lygdamus E Terrestrial Insect Butterfly, Quino Checkerspot (Euphydryas editha quino (=E. e. wrighti)) E Terrestrial Insect Butterfly, San Bruno Elfin (Callophrys mossii bayensis) E Terrestrial Insect Butterfly, Smith's Blue (Euphilotes enoptes smithi) E Terrestrial Insect Fly, Delhi Sands Flower

- loving (Rhaphiomidas terminatus abdominalis) E Terrestrial Insect Grasshopper, Zayante Band

- (Trimerotropis infantilis) E Terrestrial Insect winged Moth, Kern Primrose Sphinx (Euproserpinus euterpe) T Terrestrial Insect Skipper, Carson Wa ndering (Pseudocopaeodes eunus obscurus) E Terrestrial Insect Skipper, Laguna Mountain (Pyrgus ruralis lagunae) E Terrestrial Insect Fox, San Joaquin Kit (Vulpes macrotis mutica) E Terrestrial Mammal Fox, San Miguel Island (Urocyon littoralis littoralis) E Terrestrial Mammal Fox, Santa Catalina Island (Urocyon littoralis catalinae) E Terrestrial Mammal Fox, Santa Cruz Island (Urocyon littoralis santacruz ae) E Terrestrial Mammal Fox, Santa Rosa Island (Urocyon littoralis santarosae) E Terrestrial Mammal J aguar (Panthera onca) E Terrestrial Mammal Kangaroo Rat, Fresno (Dipodomys nitratoides exilis) E Terrestrial Mammal Kangaroo Rat, Giant (Dipodomys ingens) E Terrestrial Mammal Kangaroo Rat, Morro Bay (Dipodomys heermanni morroensis) E Terrestrial Mammal 

### California ( 290) species: **E/T Me**  **dium Taxon**  Kangaroo Rat, San Bernardino (Dipodomys merriami parvus) E Terrestrial Mammal Merriam's Kangaroo Rat, Stephens' (Dipodomys stephensi (incl. D. cascus)) E Terrestrial Mammal Kangaroo Rat, Tipton (Dipodomys nitratoides nitratoides) E Terrestrial Mammal Mountain Beaver, Point Arena (Aplodontia rufa nigra) E Terrestrial, Mammal Freshwater Mouse, Pacific Pocket (Perognathus longimembris pacificus) E Terrestrial Mammal Mouse, Salt Marsh Harvest (Reithrodontomys raviventris) E Terrestrial Mammal Otter, Southern Sea (Enhydra lutris nereis) T Saltwater-Page 108 of 150

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Mammal Rabbit, Riparian Brush (Sylvilagus bachmani riparius) E Terrestrial Mammal Seal, Guadalupe Fur (Arctocephalus townsendi) T Saltwater, Coastal Mammal Sea

- lion, Steller (Eumetopias jubatus) E/T Saltwater, Coastal Mammal Sheep, Peninsular Bighorn (Ovis canadensis nelsoni) E Terrestrial Mammal Sheep, Sierra Nevada Bighorn (Ovis canadensis sierrae) E Terrestrial Mammal Shrew, Buena Vista Lake Ornate (Sorex ornatus relictus) E Terrestrial Mammal Vole, Amargosa (Microtus californicus scirpensis) E Terrestrial Mammal Wh ale, Finback (Balaenoptera physalus) E Saltwater Mammal Wh ale, Humpback (Megaptera novaeangliae) E Saltwater Mammal Wh ale, North Atlantic right (Eubalaena glacialis (incl. australis)) E Saltwater Mammal Wh ale, Sei (Balaenoptera borealis) E Saltwater Mammal Wh ale, Sperm (Physeter catodon (=macrocephalus)) E Saltwater Mammal Wo odrat, Riparian (Neotoma fuscipes riparia) E Terrestrial Mammal Alopecurus, Sonoma (Alopecurus aequalis var. sonomensis) E Terrestrial Monocot Am ole, Cammatta Canyon (Chlorogalum purpureum var. reductum) T Terrestrial Monocot Am ole, Purple (Chlorogalum purpureum var. purpureum) T Terrestrial Monocot Bluegrass, Napa (Poa napensis) E Terrestrial, Monocot Freshwater Bluegrass, San Bernardino (Poa atropurpurea) E Terrestrial Monocot Brodiaea, Chinese Camp (Brodiaea pallida) T Terrestrial Monocot Brodiaea, Thread

- leaved (Brodiaea filifolia) T Terrestrial Monocot Grass, California Orcutt (Orcuttia californica) E Terrestrial, Vernal Monocot pool Grass, Colusa (Neostapfia colusana) T Vernal pool Monocot Grass, Eureka Dune (Swallenia alexandrae) E Terrestrial Monocot Grass, San Joaquin Valley Orcutt (Orcuttia inaequalis) T Vernal pool Monocot Grass, Solano (Tuctoria mucronata) E Terrestrial, Vernal Monocot pool Lily, Pitkin Marsh (Lilium pardalinum ssp. pitkinense) E Freshwater Monocot Lily, Tiburon Mariposa (Calochortus tiburonensis) T Terrestrial Monocot Lily, W estern (Lilium occidentale) E Terrestrial Monocot Onion, Munz's (Allium munz ii) E Terrestrial Monocot-Page 1 09 of 150

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Piperia, Yadon's (Piperia yadonii) E Terrestrial Monocot Sedge, W hite (Carex albida) E Terrestrial, Monocot Freshwater Lizard, Blunt

- nosed Leopard (Gambelia silus) E Terrestrial Reptile Lizard, Coachella Valley Fringe

- toed (Uma inornata) T Terrestrial Reptile Lizard, Island Night (Xantusia riversiana) T Terrestrial Reptile 

### California ( 290) species: **E/T Me**  **dium Taxon**  Snake, Giant Garter (Thamnophis gigas) T Terrestrial, Reptile Freshwater Snake, San Francisco Garter (Thamnophis sirtalis tetrataenia) E Terrestrial, Reptile Freshwater Tortoise, Desert (Gopherus agassiz ii) T Terrestrial Reptile Wh ipsnake (=Striped Racer), (Masticophis lateralis euryxanthus) T Terrestrial Reptile Alam eda 

### Colorado ( 29) species: **E/T Me**  **dium Taxon**  Crane, W hooping (Grus americana) E Terrestrial, Bird Freshwater Flycatcher, Southwestern W illow (Empidonax traillii extimus) E Terrestrial Bird Owl, Mexican Spotted (Strix occidentalis lucida) T Terrestrial Bird Plover, Piping (Charadrius melodus) E Terrestrial Bird Tern, Interior (population) Least (Sterna antillarum) E Terrestrial Bird Beardtongue, Penland (Penstemon penlandii) E Terrestrial Dicot Bladderpod, Dudley Bluffs (Lesquerella congesta) T Terrestrial Dicot Butterfly Plant, Colorado (Gaura neomexicana var. coloradensis) T Terrestrial Dicot Cactus, Knowlton (Pediocactus knowltonii) E Terrestrial Dicot Cactus, Mesa Verde (Sclerocactus mesae

- verdae) T Terrestrial Dicot Cactus, Uinta Basin hookless (Sclerocactus wetlandicus) T Terrestrial Dicot Milk

-vetch, Mancos (Astragalus humillimus) E Terrestrial Dicot Milk

-vetch, Osterhout (Astragalus osterhoutii) E Terrestrial Dicot Mustard, Penland Alpine Fen (Eutrema penlandii) T Terrestrial, Dicot Freshwater Phacelia, North Park (Phacelia formosula) E Terrestrial Dicot Tw inpod, Dudley Bluffs (Physaria obcordata) T Terrestrial Dicot Wi ld

- buckwheat, Clay

- loving (Eriogonum pelinophilum) E Terrestrial Dicot Chub, Bonytail (Gila elegans) E Freshwater Fish Chub, Humpback (Gila cypha) E Freshwater Fish Squawfish, Colorado (Ptychocheilus lucius) E Freshwater Fish Sturgeon, Pallid (Scaphirhynchus albus) E Freshwater Fish Sucker, Razorback (Xyrauchen texanus) E Freshwater Fish Trout, Greenback Cutthroat (Oncorhynchus clarki stomias) T Freshwater Fish Butterfly, Uncompahgre Fritillary (Boloria acrocnema) E Terrestrial Insect Skipper, Pawnee Montane (Hesperia leonardus montana) T Terrestrial Insect Ferret, Black

-footed (Mustela nigripes) E Terrestrial Mammal Ly nx, Canada (Lynx canadensis) T Terrestrial Mammal Mouse, Preble's Meadow Jumping (Zapus hudsonius preblei) T Terrestrial Mammal Ladies'

- tresses, Ute (Spiranthes diluvialis) T Terrestrial Monocot 

### Connecticut ( 9) species: **E/T Me**  **dium Taxon**  Plover, Piping (Charadrius melodus) E Terrestrial Bird-Page 110 of 150

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Tern, Roseate (Sterna dougallii dougallii) E Terrestrial Bird Mussel, Dwarf We dge (Alasmidonta heterodon) E Freshwater Bivalve Chaffseed, American (Schwalbea americana) E Terrestrial Dicot Gerardia, Sandplain (Agalinis acuta) E Terrestrial Dicot Beetle, Puritan Tiger (Cicindela puritana) T Terrestrial, Coastal Insect 

### Connecticut ( 9) species: **E/T Me**  **dium Taxon**  Bat, Indiana (Myotis sodalis) E Terrestrial, Mammal Subterraneous Pogonia, Small Wh orled (Isotria medeoloides) T Terrestrial Monocot Turtle, Bog (Clemmys muhlenbergii) T Terrestrial, Reptile Freshwater 

### Delaware ( 5) species: **E/T Me**  **dium Taxon**  Plover, Piping (Charadrius melodus) E Terrestrial Bird Am aranth, Seabeach (Amaranthus pumilus) T Coastal Dicot Squirrel, Delmarva Peninsula Fox (Sciurus niger cinereus) E Terrestrial Mammal Pogonia, Sm all W horled (Isotria medeoloides) T Terrestrial Monocot Turtle, Bog (Clemmys muhlenbergii) T Terrestrial, Reptile Freshwater 

### Florida ( 95) species: **E/T Me**  **dium Taxon**  Salamander, Frosted Flatwoods (Ambystoma cingulatum) T Terrestrial, Amphibian Freshwater, Vernal pool Caracara, Audubon's Crested (Polyborus plancus audubonii) T Terrestrial Bird Crane, W hooping (Grus americana) E Terrestrial, Bird Freshwater Kite, Everglades Snail (Rostrhamus sociabilis plumbeus) E Terrestrial Bird Plover, Piping (Charadrius melodus) E Terrestrial Bird Scrub

- Jay , Florida (Aphelocoma coerulescens) T Terrestrial Bird Sparrow, Cape Sable Seaside (Ammodramus maritimus mirabilis) E Terrestrial Bird Sparrow, Florida Grasshopper (Ammodramus savannarum floridanus ) E Terrestrial Bird Stork, Wo od (Mycteria americana) E Terrestrial Bird Wa rbler (=Wo od), Kirtland's (Dendroica kirtlandii) E Terrestrial Bird Wa rbler, Bachman's (Vermivora bachmanii) E Terrestrial Bird Wo odpecker, Ivory

- billed (Campephilus principalis) E Terrestrial Bird Wo odpecker, Red

- cockaded (Picoides borealis) E Terrestrial Bird Bankclimber, Purple (Elliptoideus sloatianus) T Freshwater Bivalve Mussel, Fat Threeridge (Amblema neislerii) E Freshwater Bivalve Mussel, Gulf Moccasinshel l (Medionidus penicillatus) E Freshwater Bivalve Mussel, Ochlockonee (Medionidus simpsonianus) E Freshwater Bivalve Moccasinshell Mussel, Oval Pigtoe (Pleurobema pyriforme) E Freshwater Bivalve Mussel, Shiny

- rayed Pocketbook (Lampsilis subangulata) E Freshwater Bivalve Slabshell, Chipola (Elliptio chipolaensis) T Freshwater Bivalve Torreya, Florida (Torreya taxifolia) E Terrestrial Conf/cycds Shrim p, Squirrel Chimney Cave (Palaemonetes cummingi) T Freshwater, Crustacean Subterraneous Aster, Florida Golden (Chrysopsis floridana) E Terrestrial Dicot Bellflower, Brooksville (Campanula robinsiae) E Terrestrial Dicot Birds

- in

- a - nest, W hite (Macbridea alba) T Terrestrial Dicot-Page 111 of 150

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Blazing Star, Scrub (Liatris ohlingerae) E Terrestrial Dicot Bonamia, Florida (Bonamia grandiflora) T Terrestrial Dicot Buckwheat, Scrub (Eriogonum longifolium var. T Terrestrial Dicot Butterwort, Godfrey's (Pinguicula ionantha) T Terrestrial, Dicot Freshwater 

### Florida ( 95) species: **E/T Me**  **dium Taxon**  Campion, Fringed (Silene polypetala) E Terrestrial Dicot Chaffseed, American (Schwalbea americana) E Terrestrial Dicot Fringe Tree, Pygm y (Chionanthus pygmaeus) E Terrestrial Dicot Gooseberry, Miccosukee (Ribes echinellum) T Terrestrial Dicot Gourd, Okeechobee (Cucurbita okeechobeensis ssp. E Terrestrial Dicot okeechobeensis) Harebells, Avon Park (Crotalaria avonensis) E Terrestrial Dicot Hy pericum, Highlands Scrub (Hypericum cumulicola) E Terrestrial Dicot Jacquemontia, Beach (Jacquemontia reclinata) E Terrestrial, Coastal Dicot Lead

- plant, Crenulate (Amorpha crenulata) E Terrestrial Dicot Lupine, Scrub (Lupinus aridorum) E Terrestrial Dicot Meadowrue, Cooley's (Thalictrum cooleyi) E Terrestrial Dicot Milkpea, Small's (Galactia smallii) E Terrestrial Dicot Mint, Garrett's (Dicerandra christmanii) E Terrestrial Dicot Mint, Lakela's (Dicerandra immaculata) E Terrestrial Dicot Mint, Longspurred (Dicerandra cornutissima) E Terrestrial Dicot Mint, Scrub (Dicerandra frutescens) E Terrestrial Dicot Mustard, Carter's (Warea carteri) E Terrestrial Dicot Pawpaw, Beautiful (Deeringothamnus pulchellus) E Terrestrial Dicot Pawpaw, Four

- petal (Asimina tetramera) E Terrestrial Dicot Pawpaw, Rugel's (Deeringothamnus rugelii) E Terrestrial Dicot Pinkroot, Gentian (Spigelia gentianoides) E Terrestrial Dicot Plum , Scrub (Prunus geniculata) E Terrestrial Dicot Polygala, Lewton's (Polygala lewtonii) E Terrestrial Dicot Polygala, Tiny (Polygala smallii) E Terrestrial Dicot Prickly

- apple, Fragrant (Cereus eriophorus var. fragrans) E Terrestrial Dicot Rhododendron, Chapman (Rhododendron chapmanii) E Terrestrial Dicot Rosemary , Apalachicola (Conradina glabra) E Terrestrial Dicot Rosemary , Etonia (Conradina etonia) E Terrestrial Dicot Rosemary , Short

- leave d (Conradina brevifolia) E Terrestrial Dicot Sandlace (Polygonella myriophylla) E Terrestrial Dicot Skullcap, Florida (Scutellaria floridana) T Terrestrial Dicot Snakeroot (Eryngium cuneifolium) E Terrestrial Dicot Spurge, Deltoid (Chamaesyce deltoidea ssp. deltoidea) E Terrestrial Dicot Spurge, Garber's (Chamaesyce garberi) T Terrestrial Dicot Spurge, Telephus (Euphorbia telephioides) T Terrestrial Dicot Wa rea, Wi de

- leaf (Warea amplexifolia) E Terrestrial Dicot Water

-willow, Cooley's (Justicia cooleyi) E Terrestrial Dicot Wh itlow

- wort, Papery (Paronychia chartacea) T Terrestrial Dicot Wi ngs, Pigeon (Clitoria fragrans) T Terrestrial Dicot Wi reweed (Polygonella basiramia) E Terrestrial Dicot Ziziphus, Florida (Ziz iphus celata) E Terrestrial Dicot Darter, Okaloosa (Etheostoma okaloosae) E Freshwater Fish Sawfish, Smalltooth (Pristis pectinata) E Freshwater, Fish Brackish, Saltwater Sturgeon, Gulf (Acipenser oxyrinchus desotoi) T Freshwater, Fish 

### Florida ( 95) species: **E/T Me**  **dium Taxon**  Sturgeon, Shortnose (Acipenser brevirostrum) E Freshwater, Fish Cladonia, Florida Perforate (Cladonia perforata) E Terrestrial Lichen-Page 112 of 150

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Bat, Gray (Myotis grisescens) E Terrestrial, Mammal Subterraneous Bat, Indiana (Myotis sodalis) E Terrestrial, Mammal Subterraneous Manatee, We st Indian (Trichechus manatus) E Saltwater Mammal Mouse, Anastasia Island Beach (Peromyscus polionotus phasma) E Terrestrial, Coastal Mammal Mouse, Choctawhatchee Beach (Peromyscus polionotus allophrys) E Terrestrial, Co astal Mammal Mouse, Perdido Key Beach (Peromyscus polionotus trissyllepsis) E Coastal Mammal Mouse, Southeastern Beach (Peromyscus polionotus niveiventris) T Terrestrial, Coastal Mammal Mouse, St. Andrew Beach (Peromyscus polionotus peninsularis) E Terrestrial, Coastal Mammal Panther, Florida (Puma (=Felis) concolor coryi) E Terrestrial Mammal Pum a (=Cougar), Eastern (Puma (=Felis) concolor (all subsp. except E Terrestrial Mammal coryi)) Vole, Florida Salt Marsh (Microtus pennsylvanicus dukecampbelli) E Terrestrial, Brackish Mammal Beargrass, Britton's (Nolina brittoniana) E Terrestrial Monocot Beauty, Harper's (Harperocallis flava) E Terrestrial, Monocot Freshwater Seagrass, Johnson's (Halophila johnsonii) T Saltwater, Coastal Monocot Alligator, American (Alligator mississippiensis) T Terrestrial, Reptile Freshwater, Brackish Crocodile, American (Crocodylus acutus) T Terrestrial, Reptile Freshwater Skink, Blue

- tailed Mole (Eumeces egregius lividus) T Terrestrial Reptile Skink, Sand (Neoseps reynoldsi) T Terrestrial Reptile Snake, Atlantic Salt Marsh (Nerodia clarkii taeniata) T Terrestrial, Brackish, Reptile Saltwater Snake, Eastern Indigo (Drymarchon corais couperi) T Terrestrial Reptile 

### Georgia ( 63) species: **E/T Me**  **dium Taxon**  Salamander, Frosted Flatwoods (Ambystoma cingulatum) T Terrestrial, Amphibian Freshwater, Vernal pool Plover, Piping (Charadrius melodus) E Terrestrial Bird Stork, Wo od (Mycteria americana) E Terrestrial Bird Tern, Roseate (Sterna dougallii dougallii) E Terrestrial Bird Wa rbler (=Wo od), Kirtland's (Dendroica kirtlandii) E Terrestrial Bird Wa rbler, Bachman's (Vermivora bachmanii) E Terrestrial Bird Wo odpecker, Red

- cockaded (Picoides borealis) E Terrestrial Bird Bankclimber, Purpl e (Elliptoideus sloatianus) T Freshwater Bivalve Combshell, Upland (Epioblasma metastriata) E Freshwater Bivalve Kidneyshell, Triangular (Ptychobranchus greenii) E Freshwater Bivalve Mussel, Acornshell Southern (Epioblasma othcaloogensis) E Freshwater Bivalve Mussel, Alabama Moccasinshell (Medionidus acutissimus) T Freshwater Bivalve Mussel, Coosa Moccasinshell (Medionidus parvulus) E Freshwater Bivalve Mussel, Fat Threeridge (Amblema neislerii) E Freshwater Bivalve-Page 113 of 150

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Mussel, Fine

- lined Pocketbook (Lampsilis altilis) T Freshwater Bivalve Mussel, Gulf Moccasinshell (Medionidus penicillatus) E Freshwater Bivalve 

### Georgia ( 63) species: **E/T Me**  **dium Taxon**  Mussel, Ochlockonee (Medionidus simpsonianus) E Freshwater Bivalve Moccasinshell Mussel, Oval Pigtoe (Pleurobema pyriforme) E Freshwater Bivalve Mussel, Ovate Clubshell (Pleurobema perovatum) E Freshwater Bivalve Mussel, Shiny

- rayed Pocketbook (Lampsilis subangulata) E Freshwater Bivalve Mussel, Southern Clubshell (Pleurobema decisum) E Freshwat er Bivalve Mussel, Southern Pigtoe (Pleurobema georgianum) E Freshwater Bivalve Torreya, Florida (Torreya taxifolia) E Terrestrial Conf/cycds Am phianthus, Little (Amphianthus pusillus) T Freshwater Dicot Barbara Buttons, Mohr's (Marshallia mohrii) T Terrestrial Dicot Campion, Fringed (Silene polypetala) E Terrestrial Dicot Chaffseed, American (Schwalbea americana) E Terrestrial Dicot Coneflower, Smooth (Echinacea laevigata) E Terrestrial Dicot Dropwort, Canby's (Oxypolis canbyi) E Terrestrial, Dicot Freshwater Harperella (Ptilimnium nodosum) E Freshwater Dicot Leather

-flower, Alabama (Clematis socialis) E Terrestrial Dicot Meadowrue, Cooley's (Thalictrum cooleyi) E Terrestrial Dicot Pitcher

- plant, Green (Sarracenia oreophila) E Terrestrial, Dicot Freshwater Pondberry (Lindera melissifolia) E Terrestrial Dicot Rattleweed, Hairy (Baptisia arachnifera) E Terrestrial Dicot Skullcap, Large

-flowered (Scutellaria montana) T Terrestrial Dicot Spiraea, Virginia (Spiraea virginiana) T Terrestrial Dicot Sum ac, Michaux's (Rhus michauxii) E Terrestrial Dicot Quillwort, Black

- spored (Isoetes melanospora) E Vernal pool Ferns Quillwort, Mat

-forming (Isoetes tegetiformans) E Vernal pool Ferns Darter, Amber (Percina antesella) E Freshwater Fish Darter, Cherokee (Etheostoma scotti) T Freshwater Fish Darter, Etowah (Etheostoma etowahae) E Freshwater Fish Darter, Goldline (Percina aurolineata) T Freshwater Fish Darter, Snail (Percina tanasi) T Freshwater Fish Logperch, Conasauga (Percina jenkinsi) E Freshwater Fish Shiner, Blue (Cyprinella caerulea) T Freshwater Fish Sturgeon, Shortnose (Acipenser brevirostrum) E Freshwater, Fish Snail, Lioplax Cylindrical (Lioplax cyclostomaformis) E Freshwater Gastropod Lichen, Rock Gnome (Gymnoderm a lineare) E Terrestrial Lichen Bat, Gray (Myotis grisescens) E Terrestrial, Mammal Subterraneous Bat, Indiana (Myotis sodalis) E Terrestrial, Mammal Subterraneous Manatee, We st Indian (Trichechus manatus) E Saltwater Mammal Wh ale, Humpback (Megaptera novaeangliae) E Saltwater Mammal Wh ale, North Atlantic right (Eubalaena glacialis (incl. australis)) E Saltwater Mammal Grass, Tennessee Yellow

- eyed (Xyris tennesseensis) E Terrestrial Monocot Pink, Swamp (Helonias bullata) T Terrestrial, Monocot-Page 114 of 150

- Freshwater

Pogonia, Small Wh orled (Isotria medeoloides) T Terrestrial Monocot 

### Georgia ( 63) species: **E/T Me**  **dium Taxon**  Trillium, Persistent (Trillium persistens) E Terrestrial Monocot Trillium, Relict (Trillium reliquum) E Terrestrial Monocot Water

- plantain, Kral's (Sagittaria secundifolia) T Freshwater Monocot Snake, Eastern Indigo (Drymarchon corais couperi) T Terrestrial Reptile Turtle, Bog (Clemmys muhlenbergii) T Terrestrial, Reptile Freshwater 

### Guam ( 4) species: **E/T Me**  **dium Taxon**  Sea turtle, green (Chelonia mydas) E/T Saltwater Reptile Sea turtle, hawksbill (Eretmochelys imbricata) E Saltwater, Coastal Reptile Sea turtle, leatherback (Dermochelys coriacea) E Saltwater, Coastal Reptile Sea turtle, loggerhead (Caretta caretta) T Saltwater, Coastal Reptile 

### Hawaii ( 314) species: **E/T Me**  **dium Taxon**  Spider, Kauai Cave W olf (Adelocosa anops) E Terrestrial, Arachnid Subterraneous 'Akepa, Hawaii (Loxops coccineus coccineus) E Terrestrial Bird 'Akepa, Maui (Loxops coccineus ochraceus) E Terrestrial Bird 'Akia Loa, Kauai (Hemignathus (Hemignathus procerus) E Terrestrial Bird procerus) 'Akia Pola'au (Hemignathus (Hemignathus munroi) E Terrestrial Bird mu nroi) Coot, Hawaiian (=Alae keo keo) (Fulica americana alai) E Terrestrial Bird Creeper, Hawaii (Oreomystis mana) E Terrestrial Bird Creeper, Oahu (Alauwahio) (Paroreomyza maculata) E Terrestrial Bird Crow, Hawaiian ('Alala) (Corvus hawaiiensis) E Terrestrial Bird Duck, Hawaiian (Koloa) (Anas wyvilliana) E Terrest rial, Bird Freshwater Elepaio, Oahu (Chasiempis sandwichensis ibidis) E Terrestrial Bird Goose, Hawaiian (Nene) (Branta (=Nesochen) sandvicensis) E Terrestrial, Bird Freshwater Hawk, Hawaiian (Io) (Buteo solitarius) E Terrestrial Bird Honeycreeper, Crested (Palmeria dolei) E Terrestrial Bird ('Akohekohe) Moorhen, Hawaiian Common (Gallinula chloropus sandvicensis) E Terrestrial Bird 'O'o, Kauai (='A'a) (Moho braccatus) E Terrestrial Bird 'O'u (Honeycreeper) (Psittirostra psittacea) E Terrestrial Bird Palila (Loxioides bailleui) E Terrestrial Bird Parrotbill, Maui (Pseudonestor xanthophrys) E Terrestrial Bird Petrel, Hawaiian Dark

- rumped (Pterodroma phaeopygia sandwichensis) E Terrestrial Bird Po'ouli (Melamprosops phaeosoma) E Terrestrial Bird Shearwater, Newell's Townsend's (Puffinus auricularis newelli) T Terrestrial, Saltwater Bird Stilt, Hawaiian (=Ae'o) (Himantopus mexicanus knudseni) E Terrestrial Bird Swiftlet, Mariana Gray (=Vanikoro) (Aerodramus vanikorensis bartschi ) E Terrestrial Bird Thrush, Large Kauai (Myadestes myadestinus) E Terrestrial Bird Thrush, Small Kauai (Puaiohi) (Myadestes palmeri) E Terrestrial Bird Am phipod, Kauai Cave (Spelaeorchestia koloana) E Freshwater, Crustacean Subterraneous Abutilon sandwicense (ncn) (Abutilon sandwicense) E Terrestrial Dicot-Page 115 of 150

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Achyranthes mutica (ncn) (Achyranthes mutica) E Terrestrial Dicot 

### Hawaii ( 314) species: **E/T Me**  **dium Taxon**  Achyranthes splendens var. (Achyranthes splendens var. rotundata) E Terrestrial Dicot rotundata (ncn) A'e (Zanthox ylum dipetalum var. (Zanthoxylum dipetalum var. tomentosum) E Terrestrial Dicot tomentosum) A'e (Zanthox ylum hawaiiense) (Zanthoxylum hawaiiense) E Terrestrial Dicot 'Aiea (Nothocestrum breviflorum) (Nothocestrum breviflorum) E Terrestrial Dicot 'Aiea (Nothocestrum peltatum) (Nothocestrum peltatum) E Terrestrial Dicot 'Akoko (Chamaesyce celastroides (Chamaesyce celastroides var. kaenana) E Terrestrial Dicot var. kaenana) 'Akoko (Chamaesyce deppeana) (Chamaesyce deppeana) E Terrestrial Dicot 'Akoko (Chamaesyce herbstii) (Chamaesyce herbstii) E Terrestrial Dicot 'Akoko (Chamaesyce kuwaleana) (Chamaesyce kuwaleana) E Terrestrial Dicot 'Akoko (Chamaesyce rockii) (Chamaesyce rockii) E Terrestrial Dicot 'Akoko (Chamaesyce skottsbergii (Chamaesyce skottsbergii var. E Terrestrial Dicot var. skottsbe 'Akoko (Euphorbia haeleeleana) (Euphorbia haeleeleana) E Terrestrial Dicot Alani (Melicope adscendens) (Melicope adscendens) E Terrestrial Dicot Alani (Me licope balloui) (Melicope balloui) E Terrestrial Dicot Alani (Melicope haupuensis) (Melicope haupuensis) E Terrestrial Dicot Alani (Melicope knudsenii) (Melicope knudsenii) E Terrestrial Dicot Alani (Melicope lydgatei) (Melicope lydgatei) E Terrestrial Dicot Alani (Melicope mucronulata) (Melicope mucronulata) E Terrestrial Dicot Alani (Melicope ovalis) (Melicope ovalis) E Terrestrial Dicot Alani (Melicope pallida) (Melicope pallida) E Terrestrial Dicot Alani (Melicope quadrangularis) (Melicope quadra ngularis) E Terrestrial Dicot Alani (Melicope saint

-

johnii) (Melicope saint

- johnii) E Terrestrial Dicot Alani (Melicope zahlbruckneri) (Melicope z ahlbruckneri) E Terrestrial Dicot Alsinidendron obovatum (ncn) (Alsinidendron obovatum) E Terrestrial Dicot Alsinidendron trinerve (ncn) (Alsinidendron trinerve) E Terrestrial Dicot Alsinidendron viscosum (ncn) (Alsinidendron viscosum) E Terrestrial Dicot 'Anaunau (Lepidium arbuscula) (Lepidium arbuscula) E Terrestrial Dicot 'Anunu (Sicyos alba) (Sicyos alba) E Terrestrial Dicot Aupaka (Isodendrion hosakae) (Isodendrion hosakae) E Terrestrial Dicot Aupaka (Isodendrion laurifolium) (Isodendrion laurifolium) E Terrestrial Dicot Aupaka (Isodendrion longifolium) (Isodendrion longifolium) T Terrestrial Dico t 'Awiwi (Centaurium sebaeoides) (Centaurium sebaeoides) E Terrestrial Dicot 'Awiwi (Hedyotis cookiana) (Hedyotis cookiana) E Terrestrial Dicot Bonamia menziesii (ncn) (Bonamia menziesii) E Terrestrial Dicot Chamaesyce Halemanui (ncn) (Chamaesyce halemanui) E Terrestrial Dicot Cyanea undulata (ncn) (Cyanea undulata) E Terrestrial Dicot Delissea rhytodisperma (ncn) (Delissea rhytidosperma) E Terrestrial Dicot Dubautia latifolia (ncn) (Dubautia latifolia) E Terrestrial Dicot Dubautia pauciflorula (ncn) (Dubautia pauciflorula) E Terrestrial Dicot Geranium, Hawaiian Red

- (Geranium arboreum) E Terrestrial Dicot Gouania hillebrandii (ncn) (Gouania hillebrandii) E Terrestrial Dicot Gouania meyenii (ncn) (Gouania meyenii) E Terrestrial Dicot Gouania vitifolia (ncn) (Gouania vitifolia) E Terrestrial Dicot 

### Hawaii ( 314) species: **E/T Me**  **dium Taxon**  Haha (C ya nea acuminata) (Cyanea acuminata) E Terrestrial Dicot Haha (C ya nea asarifolia) (Cyanea asarifolia) E Terrestrial Dicot Haha (C ya nea copelandii ssp. (Cyanea copelandii ssp. copelandii) E Terrestrial Dicot copelandii)-Page 116 of 150

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Haha (C ya nea copelandii ssp. (Cyanea copelandii ssp. haleakalaensis) E Terrestrial Dicot haleakalaensis) Haha (C ya nea Crispa) (Cyanea (=Rollandia) crispa) E Terrestrial Dicot (=Rollandia crispa) Haha (C ya nea glabra) (Cyanea glabra) E Terrestrial Dicot Haha (C ya nea grimesiana ssp. (Cyanea grimesiana ssp. grimesiana) E Terrestrial Dicot grimesiana) Haha (C ya nea grimesiana ssp. (Cyanea grimesiana ssp. obatae) E Terrestrial Dicot obatae) Haha (C ya nea hamatiflora ssp. (Cyanea hamatiflora ssp. Carlsonii) E Terrestrial Dicot carlsonii) Haha (C ya nea hamatiflora ssp. (Cyanea hamatiflora ssp. hamatiflora) E Terrestrial Dicot ham atiflora) Haha (Cyanea humboldtiana) (Cyanea humboldtiana) E Terrestrial Dicot Haha (C ya nea koolauensis) (Cyanea koolauensis) E Terrestrial Dicot Haha (C ya nea lobata) (Cyanea lobata) E Terrestrial Dicot Haha (C ya nea longiflora) (Cyanea longiflora) E Terrestrial Dicot Haha (C ya nea mceldowneyi) (Cyanea mceldowneyi) E Terrestrial Dicot Haha (C ya nea pinnatifida) (Cyanea pinnatifida) E Terrestrial Dicot Haha (C ya nea platyphylla) (Cyanea platyphylla) E Terrestrial Dicot Haha (C ya nea recta) (Cyanea recta) T Terrestrial Di cot Haha (C ya nea rem yi ) (Cyanea remyi) E Terrestrial Dicot Haha (C ya nea shipmanii) (Cyanea shipmannii) E Terrestrial Dicot Haha (C ya nea stictophylla) (Cyanea stictophylla) E Terrestrial Dicot Haha (C ya nea St

- Johnii) (Cyanea st

- johnii) E Terrestrial Dicot (=Rollandia St

- Johnii) Haha (C ya nea superba) (Cyanea superba) E Terrestrial Dicot Haha (C ya nea truncata) (Cyanea truncata) E Terrestrial Dicot Ha'Iwale (Cyrtandra crenata) (Cyrtandra crenata) E Terrestrial Dicot Ha'Iwale (Cyrtandra dentata) (Cyrtandra dentata) E Terrestrial Dicot Ha'Iwale (Cyrtandra giffardii) (Cyrtandra giffardii) E Terrestrial Dicot Ha'Iwale (Cyrtandra munroi) (Cyrtandra munroi) E Terrestrial Dicot Ha'Iwale (Cyrtandra polyantha) (Cyrtandra polyantha) E Terrestrial Dicot Ha'Iwale (Cyrtandra (Cyrtandra subumbellata) E Terrestrial Dicot Ha'Iwale (Cyrtandra tintinnabula) (Cyrtandra tintinnabula) E Terrestrial Dicot Ha'Iwale (Cyrtandra viridiflora) (Cyrtandra viridiflora) E Terrestrial Dicot Haplostachys Haplostachya (ncn) (Haplostachys haplostachya) E Terrestrial Dicot Hau Kauhiwi (Hibiscadelphus (Hibiscadelphus woodii) E Terrestrial Dicot woodi) Hau Kuahiwi (Hibiscadelphus (Hibiscadelphus distans) E Terrestrial Dicot distans) Hau Kuahiwi (Hibiscadelphus (Hibiscadelphus giffardianus) E Terrestrial Dicot giffardianus) Hau Kuahiwi (Hibiscadelphus (Hibiscadelphus hualalaiensis) E Terrestrial Dicot hualalaiensis) 

### Hawaii ( 314) species: **E/T Me**  **dium Taxon**  Heau (Exocarpos luteolus) (Exocarpos luteolus) E Terrestrial Dicot Hedyotis degeneri (ncn) (Hedyotis degeneri) E Terrestrial Dicot Hedyotis parvula (ncn) (Hedyotis parvula) E Terrestrial Dicot Hedyotis St.

- Johnii (ncn) (Hedyotis st.

- johnii) E Terrestrial Dicot Hesperomannia arborescens (Hesperomannia arborescens) E Terrestrial Dicot Hesperomannia arbuscula (ncn) (Hesperomannia arbuscula) E Terrestrial Dicot Hesperomannia lydgatei (ncn) (Hesperomannia lydgatei) E Terrestrial Dicot Hibiscus, Clay's (Hibiscus clayi) E Terrestrial Dicot-Page 117 of 150

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Holei (Ochrosia kilaueaensis) (Ochrosia kilaueaensis) E Terrestrial Dicot Iliau (W ilk esia hobdyi) (Wilkesia hobdyi) E Terrestrial Dicot Kam ak ahala (Labordia (Labordia cyrtandrae) E Terrestrial Dicot Kam ak ahala (Labordia lydgatei) (Labordia lydgatei) E Terrestrial Dicot Kam ak ahala (Labordia tinifolia (Labordia tinifolia var. wahiawaensis) E Terrestrial Dicot var. wahiawaen) Kauila (Colubrina oppositifolia) (Colubrina oppositifolia) E Terrestrial Dicot Kaulu (Pteralyxia kauaiensis) (Pteralyxia kauaie nsis) E Terrestrial Dicot Kio'Ele (Hedyotis coriacea) (Hedyotis coriacea) E Terrestrial Dicot Kiponapona (Phyllostegia (Phyllostegia racemosa) E Terrestrial Dicot racemosa) Koki'o (Kokia drynarioides) (Kokia drynarioides) E Terrestrial Dicot Koki'o (Kokia kauaiensis) (Kokia kauaiensis) E Terrestrial Dicot Koki'o Ke'oke'o (Hibiscus (Hibiscus waimeae ssp. hannerae) E Terrestrial Dicot waim eae ssp. hannerae) Kolea (Myrsine juddii) (Myrsine juddii) E Terrestrial Dicot Kolea (Myrsine linearifolia) (Myrsine linearifolia) T Terrestrial Dicot Ko'oko'olau (Bidens micrantha (Bidens micrantha ssp. kalealaha) E Terrestrial Dicot ssp. kalealaha) Ko'oloa'ula (Abutilon menziesii) (Abutilon menz iesii) E Terrestrial Dicot Kuawawaenohu (Alsinidendron (Alsi nidendron lychnoides) E Terrestrial Dicot lychnoides) Kulu'I (Nototrichium humile) (Nototrichium humile) E Terrestrial Dicot Laukahi Kuahiwi (Plantago (Plantago hawaiensis) E Terrestrial Dicot hawaiensis) Laukahi Kuahiwi (Plantago (Plantago princeps) E Terrestrial Dicot princeps) Laulihilihi (Schiedea stellarioides) (Schiedea stellarioides) E Terrestrial Dicot Liliwai (Acaena exigua) (Acaena exigua) E Terrestrial Dicot Lobelia monostachya (ncn) (Lobelia monostachya) E Terrestrial Dicot L obelia niihauensis (ncn) (Lobelia niihauensis) E Terrestrial Dicot Lobelia oahuensis (ncn) (Lobelia oahuensis) E Terrestrial Dicot Lysimachia filifolia (ncn) (Lysimachia filifolia) E Terrestrial Dicot Lysimachia lydgatei (ncn) (Lysimachia lydgatei) E Terrestrial Dicot Mahoe (Alectryon macrococcus) (Alectryon macrococcus) E Terrestrial Dicot Makou (Peucedanum (Peucedanum sandwicense) T Terrestrial Dicot sandwicense) Ma'oli'oli (Schiedea apokremnos) (Schiedea apokremnos) E Terrestrial Dicot Ma'oli'oli (Schiedea kealiae) (Schiedea kealiae) E Terrestrial Dicot Mapele (C yrtandra c yaneoides) (Cyrtandra cyaneoides) E Terrestrial Dicot 

### Hawaii ( 314) species: **E/T Me**  **dium Taxon**  Meham eham e (Flueggea (Flueggea neowawraea) E Terrestrial Dicot neowawraea) Munroidendron racemosum (ncn) (Munroidendron racemosum) E Terrestrial Dicot Na'ena'e (Dubautia herbstobatae) (Dubautia herbstobatae) E Terrestrial Dicot Na'ena'e (Dubautia plantaginea (Dubautia plantaginea ssp. humilis) E Terrestrial Dicot ssp. humilis) Nani Wa i'ale'ale (Viola kauaensis (Viola kauaiensis var. wahiawaensis) E Terrestrial Dicot var. wahiawaensis) Nanu (Gardenia mannii) (Gardenia mannii) E Terrestrial Dicot Na'u (Gardenia brighamii) (Gardenia brighamii) E Terrestrial Dico t Naupaka, Dwarf (Scaevola (Scaevola coriacea) E Terrestrial Dicot coriacea) Nehe (Lipochaeta lobata var. (Lipochaeta lobata var. leptophylla) E Terrestrial Dicot-Page 118 of 150

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leptophylla) Neraudia angulata (ncn) (Neraudia angulata) E Terrestrial Dicot Neraudia ovata (ncn) (Neraudia ovata) E Terrestrial Dicot Neraudia sericea (ncn) (Neraudia sericea) E Terrestrial Dicot Nioi (Eugenia koolauensis) (Eugenia koolauensis) E Terrestrial Dicot Nohoanu (Geranium multiflorum) (Geranium multiflorum) E Terrestrial Dicot 'Oha (Delissea rivularis) (Delissea rivularis) E Terrestrial Dicot 'Oha (Delissea subcordata) (Delissea subcordata) E Terrestrial Dicot 'Oha (Delissea undulata) (Delissea undulata) E Terrestrial Dicot 'Oha (Lobelia gaudichaudii (Lobelia gaudichaudii ssp. koolauensis) E Terrestrial Dicot koolauensis) 'Oha Wa i (Clerm ontia (Clermontia drepanomorpha) E Terrestrial Dicot drepanomorpha) 'Oha Wa i (Clerm ontia lindseyana) (Clermontia lindseyana) E Terrestrial Dicot 'Oha Wa i (Clerm ontia oblongifolia (Clermontia oblongifolia ssp. mauiensis) E Terrestrial Dicot ssp. mauiensis) 'Oha Wa i (Clerm ontia peleana) (Clermontia peleana) E Terrestrial Dicot 'Oha Wa i (Clerm ontia p yrularia) (Clermontia pyrularia) E Terrestrial D icot 'Oha Wa i (Clerm ontia samuelii) (Clermontia samuelii) E Terrestrial Dicot 'Ohai (Sesbania tomentosa) (Sesbania tomentosa) E Terrestrial Dicot 'Ohe'ohe (Tetraplasandra (Tetraplasandra gymnocarpa) E Terrestrial Dicot gymn ocarpa) 'Olulu (Brighamia insignis) (Brighamia insignis) E Terrestrial Dicot Opuhe (Urera kaalae) (Urera kaalae) E Terrestrial Dicot Pam ak ani (Viola chamissoniana (Viola chamissoniana ssp. chamissoniana) E Terrestrial Dicot ssp. chamissoniana) Ph yl lostegia hirsuta (ncn) (Phyllostegia hirsuta) E Terrestrial Dicot Ph yl lostegia kaalaensis (ncn) (Phyllostegia kaalaensis) E Terrestrial Dicot Ph yl lostegia knudsenii (ncn) (Phyllostegia knudsenii) E Terrestrial Dicot Ph yl lostegia mannii (ncn) (Phyllostegia mannii) E Terrestrial Dicot Ph yl lostegia mollis (ncn) (Phyllostegia mollis) E Terrestrial Dicot Ph yl lostegia parviflora (ncn) (Phyllostegia parviflora) E Terrestrial Dicot Ph yl lostegia velutina (ncn) (Phyllostegia velutina) E Terrestrial Dicot Ph yl lostegia waimeae (ncn) (Phyllostegia waimeae) E Terrestrial Dicot Ph yl lostegia warshaueri (ncn) (Phyllostegia warshaueri) E Terrestrial Dicot Ph yl lostegia wawrana (ncn) (Phyllostegia wawrana) E Terrestrial Dicot 

### Hawaii ( 314) species: **E/T Me**  **dium Taxon**  Pilo (Hedyotis mannii) (Hedyotis mannii) E Terrestrial Dicot Po'e (Portulaca sclerocarpa) (Portulaca sclerocarpa) E Terrestrial Dicot Popolo 'Aiakeakua (Solanum (Solanum sandwicense) E Terrestrial Dicot sandwicense) Popolo Ku Mai (Solanum (Solanum incompletum) E Terrestria l Dicot incompletum) Pua'ala (Brighamia rockii) (Brighamia rockii) E Terrestrial Dicot Rem yakauaiensis (ncn) (Remya kauaiensis) E Terrestrial Dicot Rem yamontgomeryi (ncn) (Remya montgomeryi) E Terrestrial Dicot Rem ya , Maui (Remya mauiensis) E Terrestrial Dicot Sandalwood, Lanai (='Iliahi) (Santalum freycinetianum var. lanaiense) E Terrestrial Dicot Sanicula mariversa (ncn) (Sanicula mariversa) E Terrestrial Dicot Sanicula purpurea (ncn) (Sanicula purpurea) E Terrestrial Dicot Schiedea haleakalensis (ncn) (Schiedea haleakalensis) E Terrestrial Dicot Schiedea helleri (ncn) (Schiedea helleri) E Terrestrial Dicot Schiedea hookeri (ncn) (Schiedea hookeri) E Terrestrial Dicot Schiedea kaalae (ncn) (Schiedea kaalae) E Terrestrial Dicot Sch iedea kauaiensis (ncn) (Schiedea kauaiensis) E Terrestrial Dicot-Page 119 of 150

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Schiedea membranacea (ncn) (Schiedea membranacea) E Terrestrial Dicot Schiedea nuttallii (ncn) (Schiedea nuttallii) E Terrestrial Dicot Schiedea spergulina var. leiopoda (Schiedea spergulina var. leiopoda) E Terrestrial Dicot (ncn) Schiedea spergulina var. (Schiedea spergulina var. spergulina) T Terrestrial Dicot spergulina (ncn) Schiedea, Diamond Head (Schiedea adamantis) E Terrestrial Dicot (Schiedea adamantis) Silene hawaiiensis (ncn) (Silene hawaiiensis) T Terrestrial Dicot Silene lanceolata (ncn) (Silene lanceolata) E Terrestrial Dicot Silene perlmanii (ncn) (Silene perlmanii) E Terrestrial Dicot Silversword, Haleakala (Argyroxiphium sandwicense ssp. T Terrestri al Dicot macrocephalum) Silversword, Ka'u (Argyroxiphium (Argyroxiphium kauense) E Terrestrial Dicot kauense) Silversword, Mauna Kea (Argyroxiphium sandwicense ssp. E Terrestrial Dicot ('Ahinahina) sandwicense) Spermolepis hawaiiensis (ncn) (Spermolepis hawaiiensis) E Terrestrial Dicot Stenogyne angustifolia (ncn) (Stenogyne angustifolia var. angustifolia) E Terrestrial Dicot Stenogyne campanulata (ncn) (Stenogyne campanulata) E Terrestrial Dicot Stenogyne kanehoana (ncn) (Stenogyne kanehoana) E Terrestrial Dicot Tetramolopium arenarium (ncn) (Tetramolopium arenarium) E Terrestrial Dicot Tetramolopium capillare (ncn) (Tetramolopium capillare) E Terrestrial Dicot Tetramolopium filiforme (ncn) (Tetramolopium filiforme) E Terrestrial Dicot Tetramolopium lepidotum ssp. (Tetramolopium lepidotum ssp. lepidotum) E Terrestrial Dicot lepidotum (ncn) Tetramolopium rem yi (ncn) (Tetramolopium remyi) E Terrestrial Dicot Trematolobelia singularis (ncn) (Trematolobelia singularis) E Terrestrial Dicot Uhiuhi (Caesalpinia kavaiensis) (Caesalpinia kavaiense) E Terrestrial Dicot Vetch, Hawaiian (Vicia menziesii) (Vicia menz iesii) E Terrestrial Dicot 

### Hawaii ( 314) species: **E/T Me**  **dium Taxon**  Vigna o

- wahuensis (ncn) (Vigna o

- wahuensis) E Terrestrial Dicot Viola helenae (ncn) (Viola helenae) E Terrestrial Dicot Viola oahuensis (ncn) (Viola oahuensis) E Terrestrial Dicot Wa hine Noho Kula (Isodendrion (Isodendrion pyrifolium) E Terrestrial Dicot py rifolium) Xy losma crenatum (ncn) (Xylosma crenatum) E Terrestrial Dicot Diellia erecta (ncn) (Diellia erecta) E Terrestrial Ferns Diellia falcata (ncn) (Diellia falcata) E Terrestrial Ferns Diellia pallida (ncn) (Diellia pallida) E Terrestrial Ferns Diellia unisora (ncn) (Diellia unisora) E Terrestrial Ferns Diplazium molokaiense (ncn) (Diplaz ium molokaiense) E Terrestrial Ferns Fern, Pendant Kihi (Adenophorus (Adenophorus periens) E Terrestrial Ferns periens) 'Ihi'Ihi (Marsilea villosa) (Marsilea villosa) E Terrestrial, Verna l Ferns pool Pauoa (Ctenitis squamigera) (Ctenitis squamigera) E Terrestrial Ferns Pteris lidgatei (ncn) (Pteris lidgatei) E Terrestrial Ferns Wawae'Iole (Phlegmariurus (Huperzia mannii) E Terrestrial Ferns (=Huperzia) mannii) Snail, Newcomb's (Erinna newcombi) T Freshwater Gastropod Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella (Achatinella abbreviata) E Terrestrial Gastropod abbreviata)-Page 120 of 150

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Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella (Achatinella apexfulva) E Terrestrial Gastropod apexfulva) Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella (Achatinella bellula) E Terrestrial Gastropod bellula) Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella (Achatinella buddii) E Terrestrial Gastropod buddii) Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella (Achatinella bulimoides) E Terrestrial Gastropod bulimoides) Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella (Achatinella byronii) E Terrestrial Gastropod by ronii) Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella (Achatinella caesia) E Terrestrial Gastropod caesia) Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella (Achatinella casta) E Terrestrial Gastropod casta) Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella (Achatinella cestus) E Terrestrial Gastropod cestus) Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella (Achatinella concavospira) E Terrestrial Gastropod concavospira) Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella (Achatinella curta) E Terrestrial Gastropod curta) Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella (Achatinella decipiens) E Terrestrial Gastropod decipiens) Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella (Achatinella decora) E Terrestrial Gastropod decora) Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella (Ach atinella dimorpha) E Terrestrial Gastropod dim orpha) Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella (Achatinella elegans) E Terrestrial Gastropod elegans) Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella (Achatinella fulgens) E Terrestrial Gastropod fulgens) 

### Hawaii ( 314) species: **E/T Me**  **dium Taxon**  Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella (Achatinella fuscobasis) E Terrestrial Gastropod fuscobasis) Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella (Achatinella juddii) E Terrestrial Gastropod juddii) Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella (Achatinella juncea) E Terrestrial Gastropod juncea) Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella (Achatinella lehuiensis) E Terrestrial Gastropod-Page 121 of 150

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lehuiensis) Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella (Achatinella leucorraphe) E Terrestrial Gastropod leucorraphe) Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella lila) (Achatinella lila) E Terrestrial Gastropod Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella (Achatinella livida) E Terrestrial Gastropod livida) Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella (Achatinella lorata) E Terrestrial Gastropod lorata) Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella (Achatinella mustelina) E Terrestrial Gastropod mu stelina) Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella (Achatinella papyracea) E Terrestrial Gastropod papyracea) Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella (Achatinella phaeoz ona) E Terrestrial Gastropod phaeozona) Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella (Achatinella pulcherrima) E Terrestrial Gastropod pulcherrima) Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella (Achatinella pupukanioe) E Terrestrial Gastropod pupukanioe) Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella (Achatinella rosea) E Terrestria l Gastropod rosea) Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella (Achatinella sowerbyana) E Terrestrial Gastropod sowerbyana) Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella (Achatinella spaldingi) E Terrestrial Gastropod spaldingi) Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella (Achatinella stewartii) E Terrestrial Gastropod stewartii) Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella (Achatinella swiftii) E Terrestrial Gastropod swiftii) Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella (Achatinella taeniolata) E Terrestrial Gastropod taeniolata) Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella (Achatinella thaahumi) E Terrestrial Gastropod thaanumi) Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella (Achatinella turgida) E Terrestrial Gastropod turgida) Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella (Achatinella valida) E Terrestrial Gastropod valida) Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella (Achatinella viridans) E Terrestrial Gastropod viridans) Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella (Achatinella vittata) E Terrestrial-Page 122 of 150

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Gastropod vittata) Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella (Achatinella vulpina) E Terrestrial Gastropod vulpina) Fly, Hawaiian picture

- wing (Drosophila aglaia) E Terrestrial Insect Fly, Hawaiian picture

- wing (Drosophila mulli) T Terrestrial Insect Fly, Hawaiian picture

- wing (Drosophila musaphilia) E Terrestrial Insect Fly, Hawaiian picture

- wing (Drosophila substenoptera) E Terrestrial Insect Fly, Hawaiian picture

- wing (Drosophila heteroneura) E Terrestrial Insect 

### Hawaii ( 314) species: **E/T Me**  **dium Taxon**  Fly, Hawaiian picture

- wing (Drosophila hemipeza) E Terrestrial Insect Fly, Hawaiian picture

- wing (Drosophila ochrobasis) E Terrestrial Insect Fly, Hawaiian picture

- wing (Drosophila neoclavisetae) E Terrestrial Insect Fly, Hawaiian picture

- wing (Drosophila tarphytrichia) E Terrestrial Insect Fly, Hawaiian picture

- wing (Drosophi la montgomeryi) E Terrestrial Insect Fly, Hawaiian picture

- wing (Drosophila obatai) E Terrestrial Insect Moth, Blackburn's Sphinx (Manduca blackburni) E Terrestrial Insect Bat, Hawaiian Hoary (Lasiurus cinereus semotus) E Terrestrial, Mammal Subterraneous Seal, Hawaiian Monk (Monachus schauinslandi) E Saltwater, Coastal Mammal Bluegrass, Hawaiian (Poa sandvicensis) E Terrestrial Monocot Bluegrass, Mann's (Poa mannii) (Poa mannii) E Terrestrial Monocot Grass, Fosberg's Love (Eragrostis fosb ergii) E Terrestrial Monocot Hala Pepe (Pleomele hawaiiensis) (Pleomele hawaiiensis) E Terrestrial Monocot Hilo Ischaemum (Ischaemum (Ischaemum byrone) E Terrestrial Monocot by rone) Kam anom ano (Cenchrus (Cenchrus agrimonioides) E Terrestrial Monocot agrimonioides) Lau'ehu (Panicum niihauense) (Panicum niihauense) E Terrestrial Monocot Lo`ulu (Pritchardia affinis) (Pritchardia affinis) E Terrestrial Monocot Lo`ulu (Pritchardia kaalae) (Pritchardia kaalae) E Terrestrial Monocot Lo`ulu (Pritchardia napaliensis) (Pritchardia napaliensis) E Terrestrial Monocot Lo`ulu (Pritchardia schattaueri) (Pritchardia schattaueri) E Terrestrial Monocot Lo`ulu (Pritchardia viscosa) (Pritchardia viscosa) E Terrestrial Monocot Panicgrass, Carter's (Panicum (Panicum fauriei var. carteri) E Terrestrial Monocot fauriei var.carteri) Platanthera holochila (ncn) (Platanthera holochila) E Terrestrial Monocot Poa siphonoglossa (ncn) (Poa siphonoglossa) E Terrestrial Monocot Pu'uka'a (Cyperus trachysanthos) (Cyperus trachysanthos) E Terrestrial Monocot-Page 123 of 150

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### Idaho ( 18) species: **E/T Me**  **dium Taxon**  Catchfly, Spalding's (Silene spaldingii) T Terrestrial Dicot Four

- o'clock, Macfarlane's (Mirabilis macfarlanei) T Terrestrial Dicot Howellia, W ater (Howellia aquatilis) T Freshwater Dicot Peppergrass, Slick Spot (Lepidium papilliferum) T Terrestrial, Dicot Salm on, Chinook (Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) tshawytscha) E/T Freshwater, Fish Brackish, Saltwater Salm on, Sockeye (Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) nerka) E Freshwater, Fish Brackish, Saltwater Steelhead (Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) mykiss) E Freshwater, Fish Brackish, Saltwater Sturgeon, Wh ite (Acipenser transmontanus) E Freshwater, Fish Trout, Bull (Salvelinus confluentus) T Freshwater Fish Lim pet, Banbury Springs (Lanx sp. ) E Freshwater Gastropod Snail, Bliss Rapids (Taylorconcha serpenticola) T Freshwater Gastropod Snail, Snake River Physa (Physa natricina) E Terrestrial Gastropod Springsnail, Bruneau Hot (Pyrgulopsis bruneauensis) E Freshwater Gastropod Bear, Grizzly (Ursus arctos horribilis) T Terrestrial Mammal Caribou, W oodland (Rangifer tarandus caribou) E Terrestrial Mammal 

### Idaho ( 18) species: **E/T Me**  **dium Taxon**  Ly nx, Canada (Lynx canadensis) T Terrestrial Mammal Squirrel, Northern Idaho Ground (Spermophilus brunneus brunneus) T Terrestrial Mammal Ladies'

- tresses, Ute (Spiranthes diluvialis) T Terrestrial Monocot 

### Illinois ( 24) species: **E/T Me**  **dium Taxon**  Plover, Piping (Charadrius melodus) E Terrestrial Bird Tern, Interior (population) Least (Sterna antillarum) E Terrestrial Bird Fanshell (Cyprogenia stegaria) E Freshwater Bivalve Mucket, Pink (Pearlymu ssel) (Lampsilis abrupta) E Freshwater Bivalve Mussel, Clubshell (Pleurobema clava) E Freshwater Bivalve Pearlymu ssel, Fat Pocketbook (Potamilus capax) E Freshwater Bivalve Pearlymu ssel, Higgins' Eye (Lampsilis higginsii) E Freshwater Bivalve Pearlymu ssel, Orange

-footed (Plethobasus cooperianus) E Freshwater Bivalve Am phipod, Illinois Cave (Gammarus acherondytes) E Freshwater, Crustacean Subterraneous Aster, Decurrent False (Boltonia decurrens) T Terrestrial, Dicot Freshwater Clover, Leafy Prairie (Dalea foliosa) E Terrestrial Dicot Clover, Prairie Bush (Lespedez a leptostachya) T Terrestrial Dicot Daisy, Lakeside (Hymenoxys herbacea) T Freshwater Dicot Milkweed, Mead's (Asclepias meadii) T Terrestrial Dicot Potato

- bean, Price's (Apios priceana) T Terrestrial Dicot Thistle, Pitcher's (Cirsium pitcheri) T Terrestrial Dicot Sturgeon, Pallid (Scaphirhynchus albus) E Freshwater Fish Snail, Iowa Pleistocene (Discus macclintocki) E Terrestrial Gastropod Butterfly, Karner Blue (Lycaeides melissa samuelis) E Terrestrial Insect Dragonfly, Hine's Emerald (Somatochlora hineana) E Terrestrial, Insect-Page 124 of 150

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Bat, Gray (Myotis grisescens) E Terrestrial, Mammal Subterraneous Bat, Indiana (Myotis sodalis) E Terrestrial, Mammal Subterraneous Orchid, Eastern Prairie Fringed (Platanthera leucophaea) T Terrestrial Monocot Pogonia, Small Wh orled (Isotria medeoloides) T Terrestri al Monocot 

### Indiana ( 18) species: **E/T Me**  **dium Taxon**  Tern, Interior (population) Least (Sterna antillarum) E Terrestrial Bird Fanshell (Cyprogenia stegaria) E Freshwater Bivalve Mucket, Pink (Pearlymu ssel) (Lampsilis abrupta) E Freshwater Bivalve Mussel, Clubshell (Pleurobema clava) E Freshwater Bivalve Mussel, Rough Pigtoe (Pleurobema plenum) E Freshwater Bivalve Pearlymu ssel, Fat Pocketbook (Potamilus capax) E Freshwater Bivalve Pearlymu ssel, Wh ite Cat's Paw (Epioblasma obliquata perobliqua) E Freshwater Bivalve Riffleshell, Northern (Epioblasma torulosa rangiana) E Freshwater Bivalve Clover, Running Buffalo (Trifolium stoloniferum) E Terrestrial Dicot Goldenrod, Short's (Solidago shortii) E Terrestrial Dicot Milkweed, Mead's (Asclepias meadii) T Terrestrial Dicot Thistle, Pitcher's (Cirsium pitcheri) T Terrestrial Dicot Butterfly, Karner Blue (Lycaeides melissa samuelis) E Terrestrial Insect 

### Indiana ( 18) species: **E/T Me**  **dium Taxon**  Butterfly, Mitchell's Satyr (Neonympha mitchellii mitchellii) E Terrestrial, Perm. Insect wetland Bat, Gray (Myotis grisescens) E Terrestrial, Mammal Subterraneous Bat, Indiana (Myotis sodalis) E Terrestrial, Mammal Subterraneous Orchid, Eastern Prairie Fringed (Platanthera leucophaea) T Terrestrial Monocot Snake, Northern Copperbelly W ater (Nerodia erythrogaster neglecta) T Terrestrial, Reptile Freshwater 

### Iowa ( 13) species: **E/T Me**  **dium Taxon**  Plover, Piping (Charadrius melodus) E Terrestrial Bird Tern, Interior (population) Least (Sterna antillarum) E Terrestrial Bird Mussel, Dwarf We dge (Alasmidonta heterodon) E Freshwater Bivalve Pearlymu ssel, Higgins' Eye (Lampsilis higginsii) E Freshwater Bivalve Clover, Prairie Bush (Lespedez a leptostachya) T Terrestrial Dicot Milkweed, Me ad's (Asclepias meadii) T Terrestrial Dicot Monkshood, Northern Wi ld (Aconitum noveboracense) T Terrestrial Dicot Shiner, Topeka (Notropis topeka (=tristis)) E Freshwater Fish Sturgeon, Pallid (Scaphirhynchus albus) E Freshwater Fish Snail, Iowa Pleistocene (Discus macclintocki) E Terrestrial Gastropod Bat, Indiana (Myotis sodalis) E Terrestrial, Mammal Subterraneous Orchid, Eastern Prairie Fringed (Platanthera leucophaea) T Terrestrial Monocot Orchid, We stern Prairie Fringed (Platanthera praeclara) T Terrestrial Monocot-Page 125 of 150

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### Kansas ( 12) species: **E/T Me**  **dium Taxon**  Crane, W hooping (Grus americana) E Terrestrial, Bird Freshwater Plover, Piping (Charadrius melodus) E Terrestrial Bird Tern, Interior (population) Least (Sterna antillarum) E Terrestrial Bird Milkweed, Mead's (Asclepias meadii) T Terrestrial Dicot Madtom, Neosho (Noturus placidus) T Freshwater Fish Shiner, Arkansas River (Notropis girardi) T Freshwater Fish Shiner, Topeka (Notropis topeka (=tristis)) E Freshwater Fish Sturgeon, Pallid (Scaphirhynchus albus) E Freshwater Fish Beetle, American Burying (Nicrophorus americanus) E Terrestrial Insect Bat, Gray (Myotis grisescens) E Terrestrial, Mammal Subterraneous Ferret, Black

-footed (Mustela nigripes) E Terrestrial Mammal Orchid, We stern Prairie Fringed (Platanthera praeclara) T Terrestrial Monocot 

### Kentucky ( 47) species: **E/T Me**  **dium Taxon**  Plover, Piping (Charadrius melodus) E Terrestrial Bird Tern, Interior (population) Least (Sterna antillarum) E Terrestrial Bird Wa rbler (=Wo od), Kirtland's (Dendroica kirtlandii) E Terrestrial Bird Wa rbler, Bachman's (Vermivora bachmanii) E Terrestrial Bird Wo odpecker, Ivory

- billed (Campephilus principalis) E Terrestrial Bird Wo odpecker, Red

- cockaded (Picoides borealis) E Terrestrial Bird Fanshell (Cyprogenia stegaria) E Freshwater Bivalve 

### Kentucky ( 47) species: **E/T Me**  **dium Taxon**  Mucket, Pink (Pearlymu ssel) (Lampsilis abrupta) E Freshwater Bivalve Mussel, Clubshell (Pleurobema clava) E Freshwater Bivalve Mussel, Cumberland Combshell (Epioblasma brevidens) E Freshwater Bivalve Mussel, Cumberland Elktoe (Alasmidonta atropurpurea) E Freshwater Bivalve Mussel, O ys ter (Epioblasma capsaeformis) E Freshwater Bivalve Mussel, Ring Pink (=Golf Stick (Obovaria retusa) E Freshwater Bivalve Pearly) Mussel, Rough Pigtoe (Pleurobema plenum) E Freshwater Bivalve Mussel, W inged Mapleleaf (Quadrula fragosa) E Freshwater Bivalve Pearlymu ssel, Appalachian (Quadrula sparsa) E Freshwater Bivalve Monkey face Pearlymu ssel, Cracking (Hemistena lata) E Freshwater Bivalve Pearlymu ssel, Cumberland Bean (Villosa trabalis) E Freshwater Bivalve Pearlymu ssel, Dromedary (Dromus dromas) E Freshwater Bivalve Pearlymu ssel, Fat Pocketbook (Potamilus capax) E Freshwater Bivalve Pearlymu ssel, Little

-wing (Pegias fabula) E Freshwater Bivalve Pearlymu ssel, Orange

-footed (Plethobasus cooperianus) E Freshwater Bivalve Pearlymu ssel, Purple Cat's Paw (Epioblasma obliquata obliquata) E Freshwater Bivalve Pearlymu ssel, Tubercled

- (Epioblasma torulosa torulosa) E Freshwater Bivalve Pearlymu ssel, Wh ite W artyback (Plethobasus cicatricosus) E Freshwater Bivalve Pearlymu ssel, Yellow

- blossom (Epioblasma florentina florentina) E Freshwater Bivalve Riffleshell, Northern (Epioblasma torulosa rangiana) E Freshwater Bivalve Riffleshell, Tan (Epioblasma florentina walkeri (=E. E Freshwater Bivalve Shrim p, Kentuck y Cave (Palaemonias ganteri) E Freshwater Crustacean Chaffseed, American (Schwalbea americana) E Terrestrial Dicot Clover, Running Buffalo (Trifolium stoloniferum) E Terrestrial Dicot Goldenrod, Short's (Solidago shortii) E Terrestrial Dicot-Page 126 of 150

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Goldenrod, W hite

- haired (Solidago albopilosa) T Terrestrial Dicot Potato

- bean, Price's (Apios priceana) T Terrestrial Dicot Rock

- cress, Small (Arabis perstellata E. L. Braun var. E Terrestrial Dicot perstellata Fernald) Rosemary , Cumberland (Conradina verticillata) T Terrestrial Dicot Sandwort, Cumberland (Arenaria cumberlandensis) E Terrestrial Dicot Spiraea, Virginia (Spiraea virginiana) T Terrestrial Dicot Dace, Blackside (Phoxinus cumberlandensis) T Freshwater Fish Darter, Relict (Etheostoma chienense) E Freshwater Fish Shiner, Palezone (Notropis albizonatus) E Freshwater Fish Sturgeon, Pallid (Scaphirhynchus albus) E Freshwater Fish Beetle, American Burying (Nicrophorus americanus) E Terrestrial Insect Bat, Gray (Myotis grisescens) E Terrestrial, Mammal Subterraneous Bat, Indiana (Myotis sodalis) E Terrestrial, Mammal Subterraneous Bat, Virginia Big

- eared (Corynorhinus (= Plecotus) townsendii E Terrestrial, Mammal virginianus) Subterraneous Wo lf , Red (Canis rufus) E Terrestrial Mammal 

### Louisiana ( 16) species: **E/T Me**  **dium Taxon**  

### Louisiana ( 16) species: **E/T Me**  **dium Taxon**  Plover, Piping (Charadrius melodus) E Terrestrial Bird Tern, Interior (population) Least (Sterna antillarum) E Terrestrial Bird Wo odpecker, Red

- cockaded (Picoides borealis) E Terrestrial Bird Mucket, Pink (Pearlymu ssel) (Lampsilis abrupta) E Freshwater Bivalve Mussel, Heelsplitter Inflated (Potamilus inflatus) T Freshwater Bivalve Pearlshell, Louisiana (Margaritifera hembeli) T Freshwater Bivalve Chaffseed, American (Schwalbea americana) E Terrestrial Dicot Fruit, Earth (=geocarpon) (Geocarpon minimum) T Terrestrial Dicot Quillwort, Louisiana (Isoetes louisianensis) E Terrestrial, Ferns Freshwater Sturgeon, Gulf (Acipenser oxyrinchus desotoi) T Freshwater, Fish Sturgeon, Pallid (Scaphirhynchus albus) E Freshwater Fish Bear, American Black (Ursus americanus) SA Terrestrial Mammal Bear, Louisiana Black (Ursus americanus luteolus) T Terrestrial Mammal Manatee, We st Indian (Trichechus manatus) E Saltwater Mammal Tortoise, Gopher (Gopherus polyphemus) T Terrestrial Reptile Turtle, Ringed Map (Graptemys oculifera) T Terrestrial, Reptile Freshwater 

### Maine ( 9) species: **E/T Me**  **dium Taxon**  Plover, Piping (Charadrius melodus) E Terrestrial Bird Tern, Roseate (Sterna dougallii dougallii) E Terrestrial Bird Lousewort, Furbish (Pedicularis furbishiae) E Terrestrial Dicot Salm on, Atlantic (Salmo salar) E Freshwater, Fish Brackish, Saltwater Sturgeon, Shortnose (Acipenser brevirostrum) E Freshwater, Fish Bear, American Black (Ursus americanus) SA Terrestrial Mammal Ly nx, Canada (Lynx canadensis) T Terrestrial Mammal-Page 127 of 150

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Orchid, Eastern Prairie Fringed (Platanthera leucophaea) T Terrestrial Monocot Pogonia, Small Wh orled (Isotria medeoloides) T Terrestrial Monocot 

### Maryland ( 15) species: **E/T Me**  **dium Taxon**  Plover, Piping (Charadrius melodus) E Terrestrial Bird Mussel, Dwarf We dge (Alasmidonta heterodon) E Freshwater Bivalve Am aranth, Seabeach (Amaranthus pumilus) T Coastal Dicot Dropwort, Canby's (Oxypolis canbyi) E Terrestrial, Dicot Freshwater Gerardia, Sandplain (Agalinis acuta) E Terrestrial Dicot Harperella (Ptilimnium nodosum) E Freshwater Dicot Joint

-vetch, Sensitive (Aeschynomene virginica) T Terrestrial, Brackish Dicot Darter, Maryland (Etheostoma sellare) E Freshwater Fish Beetle, Northeastern Beach Tiger (Cicindela dorsalis dorsalis) T Terrestrial Insect Beetle, Puritan Tiger (Cicindela puritana) T Terrestrial, Coastal Insect Bat, Indiana (Myotis sodalis) E Terrestrial, Mammal Subterraneous Squirrel, Delmarva Peninsula Fox (Sciurus niger cinereus) E Terrestrial Mammal Bulrush, Northeastern (=Barbed ( Scirpus ancistrochaetus) E Terrestrial, Monocot Bristle) Freshwater 

### Maryland ( 15) species: **E/T Me**  **dium Taxon**  Pink, Swamp (Helonias bullata) T Terrestrial, Monocot Freshwater Turtle, Bog (Clemmys muhlenbergii) T Terrestrial, Reptile Freshwater 

### Massachusetts ( 12) species: **E/T Me**  **dium Taxon**  Plover, Piping (Charadrius melodus) E Terrestrial Bird Tern, Roseate (Sterna dougallii dougallii) E Terrestrial Bird Mussel, Dwarf We dge (Alasmidonta heterodon) E Freshwater Bivalve Gerardia, Sandplain (Agalinis acuta) E Terrestrial Dicot Sturgeon, Shortnose (Acipenser brevirostrum) E Freshwater, Fish Beetle, American Burying (Nicrophorus americanus) E Terrestrial Insect Beetle, Northeastern Beach Tiger (Cicindela dorsalis dorsalis) T Terrestrial Insect Beetle, Puritan Tiger (Cicindela puritana) T Terrestrial, Coastal Insect Bat, Indiana (Myotis sodalis) E Terrestrial, Mammal Subterraneous Bulrush, Northeastern (=Barbed (Scirpus ancistrochaetus) E Terrestrial, Monocot Bristle) Freshwater P ogonia, Small Wh orled (Isotria medeoloides) T Terrestrial Monocot Turtle, Bog (Clemmys muhlenbergii) T Terrestrial, Reptile Freshwater 

### Michigan ( 19) species: **E/T Me**  **dium Taxon**  Plover, Piping (Charadrius melodus) E Terrestrial Bird Wa rbler (=Wo od), Kirtland's (Dendroica kirtlandii) E Terrestrial Bird Mussel, Clubshell (Pleurobema clava) E Freshwater Bivalve Riffleshell, Northern (Epioblasma torulosa rangiana) E Freshwater Bivalve Daisy, Lakeside (Hymenoxys herbacea) T Freshwater Dicot Goldenrod, Houghton's (Solidago houghtonii) T Terrestrial Dicot-Page 128 of 150

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Monkey

-flower, Michigan (Mimulus glabratus var. michiganensis) E Terrestrial, Dicot Freshwater Thistle, Pitcher's (Cirsium pitcheri) T Terrestrial Dicot Fern, American hart's

- tongue (Asplenium scolopendrium var. T Terrestrial Ferns Beetle, Hungerford's Crawling (Brychius hungerfordi) E Freshwater Insect Water Butterfly, Karner Blue (Lycaeides melissa samuelis) E Terrestrial Insect Butterfly, Mitchell's Satyr (Neonympha mitchellii mitchellii) E Terrestrial, Perm. Insect wetland Dragonfly, Hine's Emerald (Somatochlora hineana) E Terrestrial, Insect Freshwater Bat, Indiana (Myotis sodalis) E Terrestrial, Mammal Subterraneous Ly nx, Canada (Lynx canadensis) T Terrest rial Mammal Iris, Dwarf Lake (Iris lacustris) T Terrestrial Monocot Orchid, Eastern Prairie Fringed (Platanthera leucophaea) T Terrestrial Monocot Pogonia, Small Wh orled (Isotria medeoloides) T Terrestrial Monocot Snake, Northern Copperbelly W ater (Nerodia erythrogaster neglecta) T Terrestrial, Reptile Freshwater 

### Minnesota ( 10) species: **E/T Me**  **dium Taxon**  Plover, Piping (Charadrius melodus) E Terrestrial Bird 

### Minnesota ( 10) species: **E/T Me**  **dium Taxon**  Mussel, W inged Mapleleaf (Quadrula fragosa) E Freshwater Bivalve Pearlymu ssel, Higgins' Eye (Lampsilis higginsii) E Freshwater Bivalve Clover, Prairie Bush (Lespedez a leptostachya) T Terrestrial Dicot Roseroot, Leedy's (Sedum integrifolium ssp. leedyi) T Terrestrial Dicot Shiner, Topeka (Notropis topeka (=tristis)) E Freshwater Fish Butterfly, Karner Blue (Lycaeides melissa samuelis) E Terrestrial Insect Ly nx, Canada (Lynx canadensis) T Terrestrial Mammal Lily, Minnesota Trout (Erythronium propullans) E Terrestrial Monocot Orchid, We stern Prairie Fringed (Platanthera praeclara) T Terrestrial Monocot 

### Mississippi ( 31) species: **E/T Me**  **dium Taxon**  Frog, Dusk y Gopher (Mississippi (Rana capito sevosa) E Terrestrial, Amphibian DPS) Freshwater Crane, Mississippi Sandhill (Grus canadensis pulla) E Terrestrial, Bird Freshwater Plover, Piping (Charadrius melodus) E Terrestrial Bird Tern, Interior (population) Least (Sterna antillarum) E Terrestrial Bird Wo odpecker, Red

- cockaded (Picoides borealis) E Terrestrial Bird Combshell, Southern (=Penitent (Epioblasma penita) E Freshwater Bivalve mu ssel) Mucket, Orange

- nacre (Lampsilis perovalis) T Freshwater Bivalve Mussel, Alabama Moccasinshell (Medionidus acutissimus) T Freshwater Bivalve Mussel, Black (=Curtus' Mussel) (Pleurobema curtum) E Freshwater Bivalve Clubshell Mussel, Cumberland Combshell (Epioblasma brevidens) E Freshwater Bivalve Mussel, Heavy Pigtoe (=Judge (Pleurobema taitianum) E Freshwater Bivalve-Page 129 of 150

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Tait's Mussel) Mussel, Heelsplitter Inflated (Potamilus inflatus) T Freshwater Bivalve Mussel, Ovate Clubshell (Pleurobema perovatum) E Freshwater Bivalve Mussel, Southern Clubshell (Pleurobema decisum) E Freshwater Bivalve Pearlymu ssel, Fat Pocketbook (Potamilus capax) E Freshwater Bivalve Pondberry (Lindera melissifolia) E Terrestrial Dicot Potato

- bean, Price's (Apios priceana) T Terrestrial Dicot Quillwort, Louisiana (Isoetes louisianensis) E Terrestrial, Ferns Freshwater Darter, Bayou (Etheostoma rubrum) T Freshwater Fish Sturgeon, Gulf (Acipenser oxyrinchus desotoi) T Freshwater, Fish Sturgeon, Pallid (Scaphirhynchus albus) E Freshwater Fish Bat, Gray (Myotis grisescens) E Terrestrial, Mammal Subterraneous Bat, Indiana (Myotis sodalis) E Terrestrial, Mammal Subterraneous Bear, American Black (Ursus americanus) SA Terrestrial Mammal Bear, Louisiana Black (Ursus americanus luteolus) T Terrestrial Mammal Manatee, We st Indian (Trichechus manatus) E Saltwater Mammal Snake, Eastern Indigo (Drymarchon corais couperi) T Terrestrial Reptile Tortoise, Gopher (Gopherus polyphemus) T Terrestrial Reptile Turtle, Alabama Red

- bellied (Pseudemys alabamensis) E Terrestrial, Reptile Freshwater 

### Mississippi ( 31) species: **E/T Me**  **dium Taxon**  Turtle, Ringed Map (Graptemys oculifera) T Terrestrial, Reptile Freshwater Turtle, Yellow

- blotched Map (Graptemys flavimaculata) T Terrestrial, Reptile Freshwater 

### Missouri ( 25) species: **E/T Me**  **dium Taxon**  Tern, Interior (population) Least (Sterna antillarum) E Terrestrial Bird Mucket, Pink (Pearlymu ssel) (Lampsilis abrupta) E Freshwater Bivalve Mussel, Scaleshell (Leptodea leptodon) E Freshwater Bivalve Mussel, W inged Mapleleaf (Quadrula fragosa) E Freshwater Bivalve Pearlymu ssel, Curtis' (Epioblasma florentina curtisii) E Freshwater Bivalve Pearlymu ssel, Fat Pocketbook (Potamilus capax) E Freshwater Bivalve Pearlymu ssel, Higgins' Eye (Lampsilis higginsii) E Freshwater Bivalve Aster, Decurrent False (Boltonia decurrens) T Terrestrial, Dicot Freshwater Bladderpod, Missouri (Lesquerella filiformis) T Terrestrial Dicot Clover, Running Buffalo (Trifolium stoloniferum) E Terrestrial Dicot Fruit, Earth (=geocarpon) (Geocarpon minimum) T Terrestrial Dicot Milkweed, Mead's (Asclepias meadii) T Terrestrial Dicot Pondber ry (Lindera melissifolia) E Terrestrial Dicot Sneezeweed, Virginia (Helenium virginicum) T Vernal pool Dicot Cavefish, Ozark (Amblyopsis rosae) T Freshwater Fish Darter, Niangua (Etheostoma nianguae) T Freshwater Fish Madtom, Neosho (Noturus placidus) T Freshwater Fish Shiner, Topeka (Notropis topeka (=tristis)) E Freshwater Fish Sturgeon, Pallid (Scaphirhynchus albus) E Freshwater Fish Cavesnail, Tumbling Creek (Antrobia culveri) E Freshwater, Gastropod Subterraneous-Page 130 of 150

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Dragonfly, Hine's Emerald (Somatochlora hineana) E Terrestrial, Insect Freshwater Bat, Gray (Myotis grisescens) E Terrestrial, Mammal Subterraneous Bat, Indiana (Myotis sodalis) E Terrestrial, Mammal Subterraneous Bear, American Black (Ursus americanus) SA Terrestrial Mamm al Orchid, We stern Prairie Fringed (Platanthera praeclara) T Terrestrial Monocot 

### Montana ( 12) species: **E/T Me**  **dium Taxon**  Crane, W hooping (Grus americana) E Terrestrial, Bird Freshwater Plover, Piping (Charadrius melodus) E Terrestrial Bird Tern, Interior (population) Least (Sterna antillarum) E Terrestrial Bird Catchfly, Spalding's (Silene spaldingii) T Terrestrial Dicot Howellia, W ater (Howellia aquatilis) T Freshwater Dicot Sturgeon, Pallid (Scaphirhynchus albus) E Freshwater Fish Sturgeon, Wh ite (Acipenser transmontanus) E Freshwater, Fish Trout, Bull (Salvelinus confluentus) T Freshwater Fish Bear, Grizzly (Ursus arctos horribilis) T Terrestrial Mammal Ferret, Black

-footed (Mustela nigripes) E Terrestrial Mammal Ly nx, Canada (Lynx canadensis) T Terrestrial Mammal 

### Montana ( 12) species: **E/T Me**  **dium Taxon**  Ladies'

- tresses, Ute (Spiranthes diluvialis) T Terrestrial Monocot 

### Nebraska ( 12) species: **E/T Me**  **dium Taxon**  Crane, W hooping (Grus americana) E Terrestrial, Bird Freshwater Plover, Piping (Charadrius melodus) E Terrestrial Bird Tern, Interior (population) Least (Sterna antillarum) E Terrestrial Bird Butterfly Plant, Colorado (Gaura neomexicana var. coloradensis) T Terrestrial Dicot Penstemon, Blowout (Penstemon haydenii) E Terrestrial Dicot Shiner, Topeka (Notropis topeka (=tristis)) E Freshwater Fish Sturgeon, Pallid (Scaphirhynchus albus) E Freshwater Fish Beetle, American Burying (Nicrophorus americanus) E Terrestrial Insect Beetle, Salt Creek Tiger (Cicindela nevadica lincolniana) E Terrestrial Insect Ferret, Black

-footed (Mustela nigripes) E Terrestrial Mammal Ladies'

- tresses, Ute (Spiranthes diluvialis) T Terrestrial Monocot Orchid, We stern Prairie Fringed (Platanthera praeclara) T Terrestrial Monocot 

### Nevada ( 37) species: **E/T Me**  **dium Taxon**  Flycatcher, Southwestern W illow (Empidonax traillii extimus) E Terrestrial Bird Rail, Yuma Clapper (Rallus longirostris yumanensis) E Terrestrial Bird Blazing Star, Ash Meadows (Mentzelia leucophylla) T Terrestrial Dicot Buckwheat, Steamboat (Eriogonum ovalifolium var. williamsiae) E Terrestrial Dicot Centaury, Spring

- loving (Centaurium namophilum) T Terrestrial Dicot Gumplant, Ash Meadows (Grindelia fraxino

- pratensis) T Terrestrial Dicot Ivesia, Ash Meadows (Ivesia kingii var. eremica) T Terrestrial Dicot-Page 131 of 150

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Milk

-vetch, Ash Meadows (Astragalus phoenix) T Terrestrial Dicot Niterwort, Amargosa (Nitrophila mohavensis) E Terrestrial Dicot Poolfish, Pahrump (= Pahrump (Empetrichthys latos) E Freshwater Dicot Killifish) Sunray, Ash Meadows (Enceliopsis nudicaulis var. corrugata) T Terrestrial Dicot Chub, Humpback (Gila cypha) E Freshwater Fish Chub, Pahranagat Roundtail (Gila robusta jordani) E Freshwater Fish Chub, Virgin River (Gila seminuda (=robusta)) E Freshwater Fish Cui

- ui (Chasmistes cujus) E Freshwater Fish Dace, Ash Meadows Speckled (Rhinichthys osculus nevadensis) E Freshwater Fish Dace, Clover Valley Speckled (Rhinichthys osculus oligoporus) E Freshwater Fish Dace, Desert (Eremichthys acros) T Freshwater Fish Dace, Independence Valley (Rhinichthys osculus lethoporus) E Freshwater Fish Speckled Dace, Moapa (Moapa coriacea) E Freshwater Fish Pupfish, Ash Meadows Amargosa (Cyprinodon nevadensis mionectes) E Freshwater Fish Pupfish, Devils Hole (Cyprinodon diabolis) E Freshwater Fish Pupfish, W arm Springs (Cyprinodon nevadensis pectoralis) E Freshwater Fish Spinedace, Big Spring (Lepidomeda mollispinis pratensis) T Freshwater Fish Spinedace, W hite River (Lepidomeda albivallis) E Freshwate r Fish Springfish, Hiko Wh ite River (Crenichthys baileyi grandis) E Freshwater Fish Springfish, Railroad Valley (Crenichthys nevadae) T Freshwater Fish 

### Nevada ( 37) species: **E/T Me**  **dium Taxon**  Springfish, W hite River (Crenichthys baileyi baileyi) E Freshwater Fish Sucker, Razorback (Xyrauchen texanus) E Freshwater Fish Sucker, Wa rner (Catostomus warnerensis) T Freshwater Fish Trout, Bull (Salvelinus confluentus) T Freshwater Fish Trout, Lahontan Cutthroat (Oncorhynchus clarki henshawi) T Freshwater Fish Wo undfin (Plagopterus argentissimus) E Freshwater Fish Naucorid, Ash Meadows (Ambrysus amargosus) T Terrestrial Insect Skipper, Carson Wa ndering (Pseudocopaeodes eunus obscurus) E Terrestrial Insect Ladies'

- tresses, Ute (Spiranthes diluvialis) T Terrestrial Monocot Tortoise, Desert (Gopherus agassiz ii) T Terrestrial Reptile 

### New Hampshire ( 7) species: **E/T Me**  **dium Taxon**  Plover, Piping (Charadrius melodus) E Terrestrial Bird Mussel, Dwarf We dge (Alasmidonta heterodon) E Freshwater Bivalve Milk

-vetch, Jesup's (Astragalus robbinsii var. jesupi) E Terrestrial Dicot Butterfly, Karner Blue (Lycaeides melissa samuelis) E Terrestrial Insect Ly nx, Canada (Lynx canadensis) T Terrestrial Mammal Bulrush, Northeastern (=Barbed (Scirpus ancistrochaetus) E Terrestrial, Monocot Bristle) Freshwater Pogonia, Small Wh orled (Isotria medeoloides) T Terrestrial Monocot 

### New Jersey ( 12) species: **E/T Me**  **dium Taxon**  Plover, Piping (Charadrius melodus) E Terrestrial Bird Tern, Roseate (Sterna dougallii dougallii) E Terrestrial Bird Mussel, Dwarf We dge (Alasmidonta heterodon) E Freshwater Bivalve Am aranth, Seabeach (Amaranthus pumilus) T Coastal Dicot Chaffseed, American (Schwalbea americana) E Terrestrial Dicot Joint

-vetch, Sensitive (Aeschynomene virginica) T Terrestrial, Brackish Dicot Beetle, Northeastern Beach Tiger (Cicindela dorsalis dorsalis) T Terrestrial Insect Bat, Indiana (Myotis sodalis) E Terrestrial,-Page 132 of 150

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Mammal Subterraneous Beaked

- rush, Knieskern's (Rhynchospora knieskernii) T Terrestrial Monocot Pink, Swamp (Helonias bullata) T Terrestrial, Monocot Freshwater Pogonia, Small Wh orled (Isotria medeoloides) T Terrestrial Monocot Turtle, Bog (Clemmys muhlenbergii) T Terrestrial, Reptile Freshwater 

### New Mexico ( 43) species: **E/T Me**  **dium Taxon**  Frog, Chiricahua Leopard (Rana chiricahuensis) T Terrestrial, Amphibian Freshwater Falcon, Northern Aplomado (Falco femoralis septentrionalis) E Terrestrial Bird Flycatcher, Southwestern W illow (Empidonax traillii extimus) E Terrestrial Bird Owl, Mexican Spotted (Strix occidentalis lucida) T Terrestrial Bird Plover, Piping (Charadrius melodus) E Terrestrial Bird Tern, Interior (population) Least (Sterna antillarum) E Terrestrial Bird Am phipod, Noel's (Gammarus desperatus) E Freshwater Crustacean Isopod, Socorro (Thermosphaeroma thermophilus) E Freshwater Crustacean Cactus, Knowlton (Pediocactus knowltonii) E Terrestrial Dicot 

### New Mexico ( 43) species: **E/T Me**  **dium Taxon**  Cactus, Kuenzler Hedgehog (Echinocereus fendleri var. kuenz leri) E Terrestrial Dicot Cactus, Lee Pincushion (Coryphantha sneedii var. leei) T Terrestrial Dicot Cactus, Mesa Verde (Sclerocactus mesae

- verdae) T Terrestrial Dicot Cactus, Sneed Pincushion (Coryphantha sneedii var. sneedii) E Terrestrial Dicot Fleabane, Zuni (Erigeron rhiz omatus) T Terrestrial Dicot Ipomopsis, Holy Ghost (Ipomopsis sancti

-spiritus) E Terrestrial Dicot Milk

-vetch, Mancos (Astragalus humillimus) E Terrestrial Dicot Pennyroyal, Todsen's (Hedeoma todsenii) E Terrestrial Dicot Poppy, Sacramento Prickly (Argemone pleiacantha ssp. pinnatisecta) E Terrestrial Dicot Sunflower, Pecos (Helianthus paradoxus) T Terrestrial, Perm. Dicot wetland Thistle, Sacramento Mountains (Cirsium vinaceum) T Terrestrial Dicot Wi ld

- buckwhea t, Gy psum (Eriogonum gypsophilum) T Terrestrial Dicot Chub, Chihuahua (Gila nigrescens) T Freshwater Fish Chub, Gila (Gila intermedia) E Freshwater Fish Gambusia, Pecos (Gambusia nobilis) E Freshwater Fish Minnow, Loach (Tiaroga cobitis) T Freshwater Fish Minnow, Rio Grande Silvery (Hybognathus amarus) E Freshwater Fish Shiner, Arkansas River (Notropis girardi) T Freshwater Fish Shiner, Beautiful (Cyprinella formosa) T Freshwater Fish Shiner, Pecos Bluntnose (Notropis simus pecosensis) T Freshwater Fish Spikedace (Meda fulgida) T Freshwater Fish Squawfish, Colorado (Ptychocheilus lucius) E Freshwater Fish Sucker, Razorback (Xyrauchen texanus) E Freshwater Fish Topminnow, Gila (Yaqui) (Poeciliopsis occidentalis) E Freshwater Fish Trout, Gila (On corhynchus gilae) E Freshwater Fish Snail, Pecos Assiminea (Assiminea pecos) E Freshwater Gastropod Springsnail, Alamosa (Tryonia alamosae) E Freshwater Gastropod Springsnail, Koster's (Juturnia kosteri) E Terrestrial-Page 133 of 150

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Gastropod Springsnail, Roswell (Pyrgulopsis roswellensis) E Freshwater Gastropod Bat, Lesser (=Sanborn's) Long

- (Leptonycteris curasoae yerbabuenae) E Terrestrial, Mammal nosed Subterraneous Bat, Mexican Long

- nosed (Leptonycteris nivalis) E Terrestrial, Mammal Subterraneous Ferret, Black

-footed (Mustela nigripes) E Terrestrial Mammal Jaguar (Panthera onca) E Terrestrial Mammal Rattlesnake, New Mexican Ridge

- (Crotalus willardi obscurus) T Terrestrial Reptile nosed 

### New York ( 17) species: **E/T Me**  **dium Taxon**  Plover, Piping (Charadrius melodus) E Terrestrial Bird Tern, Roseate (Sterna dougallii dougallii) E Terrestrial Bird Mussel, Clubshell (Pleurobema clava) E Freshwater Bivalve Mussel, Dwarf We dge (Alasmidonta heterodon) E Freshwater Bivalve Am aranth, Seabeach (Amaranthus pumilus) T Coastal Dicot Gerardia, Sandplain (Agalinis acuta) E Terrestrial Dicot Goldenrod, Houghton's (Solidago houghtonii) T Terrestrial Dicot 

### New York ( 17) species: **E/T Me**  **dium Taxon**  Monkshood, Northern Wi ld (Aconitum noveboracense) T Terrestrial Dicot Roseroot, Leedy's (Sedum integrifolium ssp. leedyi) T Terrestrial Dicot Fern, American hart's

- tongue (Asplenium scolopendrium var. T Terrestrial Ferns Sturgeon, Shortnose (Acipenser brevirostrum) E Freshwater, Fish Snail, Chittenang o Ovate Amber (Succinea chittenangoensis) T Terrestrial, Gastropod Freshwater Butterfly, Karner Blue (Lycaeides melissa samuelis) E Terrestrial Insect Bat, Indiana (Myotis sodalis) E Terrestrial, Mammal Subterraneous Orchid, Eastern Prairie Fringed (Platanthera leucophaea) T Terrestrial Monocot Pogonia, Small Wh orled (Isotria medeoloides) T Terrestrial Monocot Turtle, Bog (Clemmys muhlenbergii) T Terrestrial, Reptile Freshwater 

### North Carolina ( 56) species: **E/T Me**  **dium Taxon**  Spider, Spruce

-fir Moss (Microhexura montivaga) E Terrestrial Arachnid Plover, Piping (Charadrius melodus) E Terrestrial Bird Stork, Wo od (Mycteria americana) E Terrestrial Bird Tern, Roseate (Sterna dougallii dougallii) E Terrestrial Bird Wo odpecker, Red

- cockaded (Picoides borealis) E Terrestrial Bird Elktoe, Appalachian (Alasmidonta raveneliana) E Freshwater Bivalve Mussel, Dwarf We dge (Alasmidonta heterodon) E Freshwater Bivalve Mussel, Heelsplitter Carolina (Lasmigona decorata) E Freshwater Bivalve Pearlymu ssel, Cumberland Bean (Villosa trabalis) E Freshwater Bivalve Pearlymu ssel, Little

-wing (Pegias fabula) E Freshwater Bivalve Riffleshell, Tan (Epioblasma florentina walkeri (=E. E Freshwater Bivalve Spinymu ssel, James River (Pleurobema collina) E Freshwater Bivalve Spinymu ssel, Tar River (Elliptio steinstansana) E Freshwater Bivalve Am aranth, Seabeach (Amaranthus pumilus) T Coastal Dicot-Page 134 of 150

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Avens, Spreading (Geum radiatum) E Terrestrial Dicot Bittercress, Small

- anthered (Cardamine micranthera) E Terrestrial Dicot Blazing Star, Heller's (Liatris helleri) T Terrestrial Dicot Bluet, Roan Mountain (Hedyotis purpurea var. montana) E Terrestrial Dicot Chaffseed, American (Schwalbea americana) E Terrestrial Dicot Coneflower, Smooth (Echinacea laevi gata) E Terrestrial Dicot Dropwort, Canby's (Oxypolis canbyi) E Terrestrial, Dicot Freshwater Goldenrod, Blue Ridge (Solidago spithamaea) T Terrestrial Dicot Harperella (Ptilimnium nodosum) E Freshwater Dicot Heartleaf, Dwarf

-flowered (Hexastylis naniflora) T Terrestrial Dicot Heather, Mountain Golden (Hudsonia montana) T Terrestrial Dicot Joint

-vetch, Sensitive (Aeschynomene virginica) T Terrestrial, Brackish Dicot Loosestrife, Rough

- leaved (Lysimachia asperulaefolia) E Terrestrial Dicot Meadowrue, Cooley's (Thalictrum cooleyi) E Terrestrial Dicot Pitcher

- plant, Green (Sarracenia oreophila) E Terrestrial, Dicot Freshwater Pitcher

- plant, Mountain Sweet (Sarracenia rubra ssp. jonesii) E Terrestrial, Dicot Freshwater 

### North Carolina ( 56) species: **E/T Me**  **dium Taxon**  Pondberry (Lindera melissifolia) E Terrestrial Dicot Spiraea, Virginia (Spiraea virginiana) T Terrestrial Dicot Sum ac, Michaux's (Rhus michauxii) E Terrestrial Dicot Sunflower, Schweinitz's (Helianthus schweinitz ii) E Terrestrial Dicot Chub, Spotfin (Erimonax monachus) T Freshwater Fish Logperch, Roanoke (Percina rex) E Freshwater Fish Shiner, Cape Fear (Notropis mekistocholas) E Freshwater Fish Silverside, Wa ccamaw (Menidia extensa) T Freshwater Fish Sturgeon, Shortnose (Acipenser brevirostrum) E Freshwater, Fish Snail, Noonday (Mesodon clarki nantahala) T Terrestrial Gastropod Butterfly, Saint Francis' Satyr (Neonympha mitchellii francisci) E Terrestrial Insect Lichen, Rock Gnome (Gymnoderma lineare) E Terrestrial Lichen Bat, Gray (Myotis grisescens) E Terrestrial, Mammal Subterraneous Bat, Indiana (Myotis sodalis) E Terrestrial, Mammal Subterraneous Bat, Virginia Big

- eared (Corynorhinus (=Plecotus) townsendii E Terrestrial, Mammal virginianus) Subterraneous Manatee, We st Indian (Trichechus manatus) E Saltwater Mammal Pum a (=Cougar), Eastern (Puma (=Felis) concolor (all subsp. except E Terrestrial Mammal coryi)) Squirrel, Carolina Northern Flying (Glaucomys sabrinus coloratus) E Terrestrial Mammal Wo lf , Red (Canis rufus) E Terrestrial Mammal Arrowhead, Bunched (Sagittaria fasciculata) E Freshwater Monocot Irisette, W hite (Sisyrinchium dichotomum) E Terrestrial Monocot Pink, Swamp (Helonias bullata) T Terrestrial, Monocot Freshwater Pogonia, Small Wh orled (Isotria medeoloides) T Terrestrial-Page 135 of 150

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Monocot Sedge, Golden (Carex lutea) E Terrestrial Monocot Alligator, American (Alligator mississippiensis) T Terrestrial, Reptile Freshwater, Brackish Turtle, Bog (Clemmys muhlenbergii) T Terrestrial, Reptile Freshwater 

### North Dakota ( 6) species: **E/T Me**  **dium Taxon**  Crane, W hooping (Grus americana) E Terrestrial, Bird Freshwater Plover, Piping (Charadrius melodus) E Terrestrial Bird Tern, Interior (population) Least (Sterna antillarum) E Terrestrial Bird Sturgeon, Pallid (Scaphirhynchus albus) E Freshwater Fish Ferret, Black

-footed (Mustela nigripes) E Terrestrial Mammal Orchid, We stern Prairie Fringed (Platanthera praeclara) T Terrestrial Monocot 

### Ohio ( 20) species: **E/T Me**  **dium Taxon**  Plover, Piping (Charadrius melodus) E Terrestrial Bird Fanshell (Cyprogenia stegaria) E Freshwater Bivalve Mucket, Pink (Pearlymu ssel) (Lampsilis abrupta) E Freshwater Bivalve Mussel, Clubshell (Pleurobema clava) E Freshwater Bivalve Pearlymu ssel, Purp le Cat's Paw (Epioblasma obliquata obliquata) E Freshwater Bivalve Pearlymu ssel, Wh ite Cat's Paw (Epioblasma obliquata perobliqua) E Freshwater Bivalve 

### Ohio ( 20) species: **E/T Me**  **dium Taxon**  Riffleshell, Northern (Epioblasma torulosa rangiana) E Freshwater Bivalve Clover, Running Buffalo (Trifolium stoloniferum) E Terrestrial Dicot Daisy, Lakeside (Hymenoxys herbacea) T Freshwater Dicot Monkshood, Northern Wi ld (Aconitum noveboracense) T Terrestrial Dicot Spiraea, Virginia (Spiraea virginiana) T Terrestrial Dicot Madtom, Scioto (Noturus trautmani) E Freshwater Fish Beetle, American Burying (Nicrophorus americanus) E Terrestrial Insect Butterfly, Karner Blue (Lycaeides melissa samuelis) E Terrestrial Insect Butterfly, Mitchell's Satyr (Neonympha mitchellii mitchellii) E Terrestrial, Perm. Insect wetland Bat, Indiana (Myotis sodalis) E Terrestrial, Mammal Subterraneous Orchid, Eastern Prairie Fringed (Platanthera leucophaea) T Terrestrial Monocot Pogonia, Small Wh orled (Isotria medeoloides) T Terrestrial Monocot Snake, Lake Erie W ater (Nerodia sipedon insularum) T Terrestrial, Reptile Freshwater Snake, Northern Copperbelly W ater (Nerodia erythrogaster neglecta) T Terrestrial, Reptile Freshwater 

### Oklahoma ( 20) species: **E/T Me**  **dium Taxon**  Crane, W hooping (Grus americana) E Terrestrial, Bird Freshwater Curlew, Eskimo (Numenius borealis) E Terrestrial Bird Plover, Piping (Charadrius melodus) E Terrestrial Bird Tern, Interior (population) Least (Sterna antillarum) E Terrestrial Bird Vireo, Black

- capped (Vireo atricapilla) E Terrestrial Bird Wo odpecker, Red

- cockaded (Picoides borealis) E Terrestrial Bird Mussel, Scaleshell (Leptodea leptodon) E Freshwater Bivalve Mussel, W inged Mapleleaf (Quadrula fragosa) E Freshwater Bivalve-Page 136 of 150

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Rock

- pocketbook, Ouachita (Arkansia wheeleri) E Freshwater Bivalve (=Wh eeler's pm) Cavefish, Ozark (Amblyopsis rosae) T Freshwater Fish Darter, Leopard (Percina pantherina) T Freshwater Fish Madtom, Neosho (Noturus placidus) T Freshwater Fish Shiner, Arkansas River (Notropis girardi) T Freshwater Fish Beetle, American Burying (Nicrophorus americanus) E Terrestrial Insect Bat, Gray (Myotis grisescens) E Terrestrial, Mammal Subterraneous Bat, Indiana (Myotis sodalis) E Terrestrial, Mammal Subterraneous Bat, Ozark Big

- eared (Corynorhinus (=Plecotus) townsendii E Terrestrial, Mammal Subterraneous Orchid, Eastern Prairie Fringed (Platanthera leucophaea) T Terrestrial Monocot Orchid, We stern Prairie Fringed (Platanth era praeclara) T Terrestrial Monocot Alligator, American (Alligator mississippiensis) T Terrestrial, Reptile Freshwater, Brackish 

### Oregon ( 41) species: **E/T Me**  **dium Taxon**  Albatross, Short

- tailed (Phoebastria (=Diomedea) albatrus) E Terrestrial, Saltwater Bird Murrelet, Marbled (Brachyramphus marmoratus) T Terrestrial, Bird Freshwater, 

### Oregon ( 41) species: **E/T Me**  **dium Taxon**  Owl, Northern Spotted (Strix occidentalis caurina) T Terrestrial Bird Plover, We stern Snowy (Charadrius alexandrinus nivosus) T Terrestrial Bird Fairy Shrimp, Vernal Pool (Branchinecta lynchi) T Vernal pool Crustacean Catchfly, Spalding's (Silene spaldingii) T Terrestrial Dicot Checker

- ma llow, Nelson's (Sidalcea nelsoniana) T Terrestrial Dicot Daisy, Wi llam ette (Erigeron decumbens var. decumbens) E Terrestrial Dicot Four

- o'clock, Macfarlane's (Mirabilis macfarlanei) T Terrestrial Dicot Howellia, W ater (Howellia aquatilis) T Freshwater Dicot Lom atium , Bradshaw's (Lomatium bradshawii) E Terrestrial, Dicot Freshwater Lom atium , Cook's (Lomatium cookii) E Vernal pool Dicot Lupine, Kincaid's (Lupinus sulphureus (=oreganus) ssp. T Terrestrial Dicot kincaidii (=var. kincaidii)) Meadowfoam, Large

-flowered (Limnanthes floccosa ssp. Grandiflora) E Vernal pool Dicot Wo olly Milk

-vetch, Applegate's (Astragalus applegatei) E Terrestrial Dicot Paintbrush, Golden (Castilleja levisecta) T Terrestrial Dicot Popcornflower, Rough (Plagiobothrys hirtus) E Vernal pool Dicot Rock

- cress, McDonald's (Arabis mcdonaldiana) E Terrestrial Dicot Thelypody, Howell's Spectacular (Thelypodium howellii spectabilis) T Terrestrial Dicot Wi re - lettuce, Malheur (Stephanomeria malheurensis) E Terrestrial Dicot Chub, Borax Lake (Gila boraxobius) E Freshwater Fish Chub, Hutton Tui (Gila bicolor ssp.) T Freshwater Fish Chub, Oregon (Oregonichthys crameri) E Freshwater Fish Dace, Foskett Speckled (Rhinichthys osculus ssp.) T Freshwater Fish Salm on, Chinook (Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) tshawytscha) E/T Freshwater, Fish Brackish, Saltwater Salm on, Chum (Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) keta) T Freshwater, Fish Brackish, Saltwater-Page 137 of 150

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Salm on, Coho (Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) kisutch) E Freshwater, Fish Brackish, Saltwater Salm on, Sockeye (Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) nerka) E Freshwater, Fish Brackis h, Saltwater Steelhead (Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) mykiss) E Freshwater, Fish Brackish, Saltwater Sucker, Lost River (Deltistes luxatus) E Freshwater Fish Sucker, Modoc (Catostomus microps) E Freshwater Fish Sucker, Shortnose (Chasmistes brevirostris) E Freshwater Fish Sucker, Wa rner (Catostomus warnerensis) T Freshwater Fish Trout, Bull (Salvelinus confluentus) T Freshwater Fish Trout, Lahontan Cutthroat (Oncorhynchus clarki henshawi) T Freshwater Fish Butterfly, Fender's Blue (Icaricia icarioides fenderi) E Terrestrial Insect Butterfly, Oregon Silverspot (Speyeria zerene hippolyta) T Terrestrial Insect Deer, Columbian W hite

- tailed (Odocoileus virginianus leucurus) E Terrestrial Mammal Ly nx, Canada (Lynx canadensis) T Terrestrial Mammal Fritilla ry , Gentner's (Fritillaria gentneri) E Terrestrial Monocot Lily, W estern (Lilium occidentale) E Terrestrial Monocot 

### Pennsylvania ( 8) species: **E/T Me**  **dium Taxon**  

### Pennsylvania ( 8) species: **E/T Me**  **dium Taxon**  Plover, Piping (Charadrius melodus) E Terrestrial Bird Mussel, Clubshell (Pleurobema clava) E Freshwater Bivalve Mussel, Dwarf We dge (Alasmidonta heterodon) E Freshwater Bivalve Riffleshell, Northern (Epioblasma torulosa rangiana) E Freshwater Bivalve Bat, Indiana (Myotis sodalis) E Terrestrial, Mammal Subterraneous Bulrush, Northeastern (=Barbed (Scirpus ancistrochaetus) E Terrestrial, Monocot Bristle) Freshwater Pogonia, Small Wh orled (Isotria medeoloides) T Terrestrial Monocot Turtle, Bog (Clemmys muhlenbergii) T Terrestrial, Reptile Freshwater 

### Puerto Rico ( 68) species: **E/T Me**  **dium Taxon**  Coqui, Golden (Eleutherodactylus jasperi) T Terrestrial, Amphibian Freshwater Guajon (Eleutherodactylus cooki) T Terrestrial, Amphibian Freshwater Toad, Puerto Rican Crested (Peltophryne lemur) T Terrestrial, Amphibian Freshwater Blackbird, Yellow

- shouldered (Agelaius xanthomus) E Terrestrial Bird Hawk, Puerto Rican Broad

- winged (Buteo platypterus brunnescens) E Terrestrial Bird Hawk, Puerto Rican Sharp

- shinned (Accipiter striatus venator) E Terrestrial Bird Nightjar, Puerto Rico (Caprimulgus noctitherus) E Terrestrial Bird Parrot, Puerto Rican (Amazona vittata) E Terrestrial Bird Pigeon, Puerto Rican Plain (Columba inornata wetmorei) E Terrestrial Bird Plover, Piping (Charadrius melodus) E Terrestrial Bird Tern, Roseate (Sterna dougallii dougallii) E Terrestrial Bird Auerodendron pauciflorum (ncn) (Auerodendron pauciflorum) E Terrestrial Dicot-Page 138 of 150

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Bariaco (Trichilia triacantha) E Terrestrial Dicot Boxwood, Vahl's (Buxus vahlii) E Terrestrial Dicot Calyptranthes Thomasiana (ncn) (Calyptranthes thomasiana) E Terrestrial Dicot Capa Rosa (Callicarpa ampla) E Terrestrial Dicot Catesbaea Melanocarpa (ncn) (Catesbaea melanocarpa) E Terrestrial Dicot Chamaecrista glandulosa (ncn) (Chamaecrista glandulosa var. mirabilis) E Terrestrial Dicot Chumbo, Higo (Harrisia portoricensis) T Terrestrial Dicot Chupacallos (Pleodendron macranthum) E Terrestrial Dicot Cobana Negra (Stahlia monosperma) T Terrestrial Dicot Cordia bellonis (ncn) (Cordia bellonis) E Terrestrial Dicot Daphnopsis hellerana (ncn) (Daphnopsis hellerana) E Terrestrial Dicot Erubia (Solanum drymophilum) E Terrestrial Dicot Eugenia W oodburyana (Eugenia woodburyana) E Terrestrial Dicot Gesneria pauciflora (ncn) (Gesneria pauciflora) T Terrestrial Dicot Goetzea, Beautiful (Matabuey) (Goetzea elegans) E Terrestrial Dicot Higuero De Sierra (Crescentia portoricensis) E Terrestrial Dicot Holly, Cook's (Ilex cookii) E Terrestrial Dicot Ilex sintenisii (ncn) (Ilex sintenisii) E Terrestrial Dicot Leptocereus grantianus (ncn) (Leptocereus grantianus) E Terrestrial Dicot Lyonia truncata var. proctorii (ncn) (Lyonia truncata var. proctorii) E Terrestrial Dicot 

### Puerto Rico ( 68) species: **E/T Me**  **dium Taxon**  Mitracarpus Maxwelliae (Mitracarpus maxwelliae) E Terrestrial Dicot Mitracarpus Polycladus (Mitracarpus polycladus) E Terrestrial Dicot My rcia Paganii (Myrcia paganii) E Terrestrial Dicot Palo Colorado (Ternstroemia (Ternstroemia luquillensis) E Terrestrial Dicot luquillensis) Palo de Jazmin (Styrax portoricensis) E Terrestrial Dicot Palo de Nigua (Cornutia obovata) E Terrestrial Dicot Palo de Ramon (Banara vanderbiltii) E Terrestrial Dicot Palo de Rosa (Ottoschulz ia rhodoxylon) E Terrestrial Dicot Peperomia, Wh eeler's (Peperomia wheeleri) E Terrestrial Dicot Prickly

- ash, St. Thomas (Zanthoxylum thomasianum) E Terrestrial Dicot Schoepfia arenaria (ncn) (Schoepfia arenaria) T Terrestrial Dicot Ternstroemia subsessilis (ncn) (Ternstroemia subsessilis) E Terrestrial Dicot Uvillo (Eugenia haematocarpa) E Terrestrial Dicot Vernonia Proctorii (ncn) (Vernonia proctorii) E Terrestrial Dicot Fern, Adiantum vivesii (Adiantum vivesii) E Terrestrial Ferns Fern, Ela phoglossum serpens (Elaphoglossum serpens) E Terrestrial Ferns Fern, Thelypteris inabonensis (Thelypteris inabonensis) E Terrestrial Ferns Fern, Thelypteris verecunda (Thelypteris verecunda) E Terrestrial Ferns Fern, Thelypteris yaucoensis (Thelypteris yaucoensis) E Terrestrial Ferns Polystichum calderonense (ncn) (Polystichum calderonense) E Terrestrial Ferns Tectaria Estremerana (Tectaria estremerana) E Terrestrial Ferns Tree Fern, Elfin (Cyathea dryopteroides) E Terrestrial Ferns Manatee, We st Indian (Trichechus manatus) E Saltwater Mammal Aristida chaseae (ncn) (Aristida chaseae) E Terrestrial Monocot Cranichis Ricartii (Cranichis ricartii) E Terrestrial Monocot Lepanthes eltorensis (ncn) (Lepanthes eltoroensis) E Terrestrial Monocot Manaca , palma de (Calyptronoma rivalis) T Terrestrial Monocot Pelos del Diablo (Aristida portoricensis) E Terrestrial Monocot-Page 139 of 150

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Wa lnut, Nogal (Juglans jamaicensis) E Terrestrial Monocot Anole, Culebra Island Giant (Anolis roosevelti) E Terrestrial Reptile Boa, Puerto Rican (Epicrates inornatus) E Terrestrial Reptile Boa, Virgin Islands Tree (Epicrates monensis granti) E Terrestrial Reptile Sea turtle, green (Chelonia mydas) E/T Saltwater Reptile Sea turtle, hawksbill (Eretmochelys imbricata) E Saltwater, Coa stal Reptile Sea turtle, leatherback (Dermochelys coriacea) E Saltwater, Coastal Reptile Sea turtle, loggerhead (Caretta caretta) T Saltwater, Coastal Reptile 

### Rhode Island ( 7) species: **E/T Me**  **dium Taxon**  Plover, Piping (Charadrius melodus) E Terrestrial Bird Tern, Roseate (Sterna dougallii dougallii) E Terrestrial Bird Gerardia, Sandplain (Agalinis acuta) E Terrestrial Dicot Sturgeon, Shortnose (Acipenser brevirostrum) E Freshwater, Fish Beetle, American Burying (Nicrophorus americanus) E Terrestrial Insect Pum a (=Cougar), Eastern (Puma (=Felis) concolor (all subsp. except E Terrestrial Mammal coryi)) 

### Rhode Island ( 7) species: **E/T Me**  **dium Taxon**  Pogonia, Small Wh orled (Isotria medeoloides) T Terrestrial Monocot 

### South Carolina ( 32) species: **E/T Me**  **dium Taxon**  Salamander, Frosted Flatwoods (Ambystoma cingulatum) T Terrestrial, Amphibian Freshwater, Vernal pool Plover, Piping (Charadrius melodus) E Terrestrial Bird Stork, Wo od (Mycteria americana) E Terrestrial Bird Tern, Roseate (Sterna dougallii dougallii) E Terrestrial Bird Wa rbler (=Wo od), Kirtland's (Dendroica kirtlandii) E Terrestrial Bird Wa rbler, Bachman's (Vermivora bachmanii) E Terrestrial Bird Wo odpecker, Red

- cockaded (Picoides borealis) E Terrestrial Bird Mussel, Heelsplitter Carolina (Lasmigona decorata) E Freshwater Bivalve Am aranth, Seabeach (Amaranthus pumilus) T Coastal Dicot Am phianthus, Little (Amphianthus pusillus) T Freshwater Dicot Chaffseed, American (Schwalbea americana) E Terrestrial Dicot Coneflower, Smooth (Echinacea laevigata) E Terrestrial Dicot Dropwort, Canby's (Oxypolis canbyi) E Terrestrial, Dicot Freshwater Gooseberry, Miccosukee (Ribes echinellum) T Terrestrial Dicot Harperella (Ptilimnium nodosum) E Freshwater Dicot Heartleaf, Dwarf

-flowered (Hexastylis naniflora) T Terrestrial Dicot Loosestrife, Rough

- leaved (Lysimachia asperulaefolia) E Terrestrial Dicot Pitcher

- plant, Mountain Sweet (Sarracenia rubra ssp. jonesii) E Terrestrial, Dicot Freshwater Pondberry (Lindera melissifolia) E Terrestrial Dicot Sum ac, Michaux's (Rhus michauxii) E Terrestrial Dicot Sunflower, Schweinitz's (Helianthus schweinitz ii) E Terrestrial Dicot Quillwort, Black

- spored (Isoetes melanospora) E Vernal pool Ferns Sturgeon, Shortnose (Acipenser brevirostrum) E Freshwater, Fish Lichen, Rock Gnome (Gymnoderma lineare) E Terrestrial Lichen Manatee, We st Indian (Trichechus manatus) E Saltwater Mammal Arrowhead, Bunched (Sagittaria fasciculata) E Freshwater Monocot Irisette, W hite (Sis yrinchium dichotomum) E Terrestrial-Page 140 of 150

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Monocot Pink, Swamp (Helonias bullata) T Terrestrial, Monocot Freshwater Pogonia, Small Wh orled (Isotria medeoloides) T Terrestrial Monocot Trillium, Persistent (Trillium persistens) E Terrestrial Monocot Trillium, Relict (Trillium reliquum) E Terrestrial Monocot Turtle, Bog (Clemmys muhlenbergii) T Terrestrial, Reptile Freshwater 

### South Dakota ( 11) species: **E/T Me**  **dium Taxon**  Crane, W hooping (Grus americana) E Terrestrial, Bird Freshwater Curlew, Eskimo (Numenius borealis) E Terrestrial Bird Plover, Piping (Charadrius melodus) E Terrestrial Bird Tern, Interior (population) Least (Sterna antillarum) E Terrestrial Bird Mussel, Scaleshell (Leptodea leptodon) E Freshwater Bivalve 

### South Dakota ( 11) species: **E/T Me**  **dium Taxon**  Pearlymu ssel, Higgins' Eye (Lampsilis higginsii) E Freshwater Bivalve Shiner, Topeka (Notropis topeka (=tristis)) E Freshwater Fish Sturgeon, Pallid (Scaphirhynchus albus) E Freshwater Fish Beetle, American Burying (Nicrophorus americanus) E Terrestrial Insect Ferret, Black

-footed (Mustela nigripes) E Terrestrial Mammal Orchid, We stern Prairie Fringed (Platanthera praeclara) T Terrestrial Monocot 

### Tennessee ( 85) species: **E/T Me**  **dium Taxon**  Spider, Spruce

-fir Moss (Microhexura montivaga) E Terrestrial Arachnid Stork, Wo od (Mycteria americana) E Terrestrial Bird Tern, Interior (population) Least (Sterna antillarum) E Terrestrial Bird Wo odpecker, Red

- cockaded (Picoides borealis) E Terrestrial Bird Combshell, Upland (Epioblasma metastriata) E Freshwater Bivalve Elktoe, Appalachian (Alasmidonta raveneliana) E Freshwater Bivalve Fanshell (Cyprogenia stegaria) E Freshwater Bivalve Kidneyshell, Triangular (Ptychobranchus greenii) E Freshwater Bivalve Mucket, Pink (Pearlymu ssel) (Lampsilis abrupta) E Freshwater Bivalve Mussel, Alabama Moccasinshell (Medionidus acutissimus) T Freshwater Bivalve Mussel, Clubshell (Pleurobema clava) E Freshwater Bivalve Mussel, Coosa Moccasinshell (Medionidus parvulus) E Freshwater Bivalve Mussel, Cumberland Combshell (Epioblasma brevidens) E Freshwater Bivalve Mussel, Cumberland Elktoe (Alasmidonta atropurpurea) E Freshwater Bivalve Mussel, Cumberland Pigtoe (Pleurobema gibberum) E Freshwater Bivalve Mussel, Fine

- lined Pocketbook (Lampsilis altilis) T Freshwater Bivalve Mussel, Fine

- rayed Pigtoe (Fusconaia cuneolus) E Freshwater Bivalve Mussel, Ovate Clubshell (Pleurobema perovatum) E Freshwater Bivalve Mussel, O ys ter (Epioblasma capsaeformis) E Freshwater Bivalve Mu ssel, Ring Pink (=Golf Stick (Obovaria retusa) E Freshwater Bivalve Pearly) Mussel, Rough Pigtoe (Pleurobema plenum) E Freshwater Bivalve Mussel, Shiny Pigtoe (Fusconaia cor) E Freshwater Bivalve Mussel, Southern Pigtoe (Pleurobema georgianum) E Freshwater Bivalve Pearlymu ssel, Alabama Lamp (Lampsilis virescens) E Freshwater Bivalve Pearlymu ssel, Appalachian (Quadrula sparsa) E Freshwater Bivalve-Page 141 of 150

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Monkey face Pearlymu ssel, Birdwing (Conradilla caelata) E Freshwater Bivalve Pearlymu ssel, Cracking (Hemistena lata) E Freshwater Bivalve Pearlymu ssel, Cumberland Bean (Villosa trabalis) E Freshwater Bivalve Pearlymu ssel, Cumberland (Quadrula intermedia) E Freshwater Bivalve Monkey face Pearlymu ssel, Dromedary (Dromus dromas) E Freshwater Bi valve Pearlymu ssel, Green

- blossom (Epioblasma torulosa gubernaculum) E Freshwater Bivalve Pearlymu ssel, Little

-wing (Pegias fabula) E Freshwater Bivalve Pearlymu ssel, Orange

-footed (Plethobasus cooperianus) E Freshwater Bivalve Pearlymu ssel, Pale Lilliput (Toxolasma cylindrellus) E Freshwater Bivalve Pearlymu ssel, Purple Cat's Paw (Epioblasma obliquata obliquata) E Freshwater Bivalve Pearlymu ssel, Tubercled

- (Epioblasma torulosa torulosa) E Freshwater Bivalve 

### Tennessee ( 85) species: **E/T Me**  **dium Taxon**  Pearlymu ssel, Turgid

- blossom (Epioblasma turgidula) E Freshwater Bivalve Pearlymu ssel, Wh ite W artyback (Plethobasus cicatricosus) E Freshwater Bivalve Pearlymu ssel, Yellow

- blossom (Epioblasma florentina florentina) E Freshwater Bivalve Purple Bean (Villosa perpurpurea) E Freshwater Bivalve Rabbitsfoot, Rough (Quadrula cylindrica strigillata) E Freshwater Bivalve Riffleshell, Tan (Epioblasma florentina walkeri (=E. E Freshwater Bivalve Cray fi sh, Nashville (Orconectes shoupi) E Freshwater Cru stacean Aster, Ruth's Golden (Pityopsis ruthii) E Terrestrial Dicot Avens, Spreading (Geum radiatum) E Terrestrial Dicot Bladderpod, Spring Creek (Lesquerella perforata) E Floodplain Dicot Bluet, Roan Mountain (Hedyotis purpurea var. montana) E Terrestrial Dicot Chaffseed, American (Schwalbea americana) E Terrestrial Dicot Clover, Leafy Prairie (Dalea foliosa) E Terrestrial Dicot Coneflower, Tennessee Purple (Echinacea tennesseensis) E Terrestrial Dicot Goldenrod, Blue Ridge (Solidago spitham aea) T Terrestrial Dicot Ground

- plum, Guthrie's (Astragalus bibullatus) E Terrestrial Dicot Pitcher

- plant, Green (Sarracenia oreophila) E Terrestrial, Dicot Freshwater Potato

- bean, Price's (Apios priceana) T Terrestrial Dicot Rock

- cress, Braun's (Arabis perstellata E. L. Braun var. ampla E Terrestrial Dicot Rollins) Rosemary , Cumberland (Conradina verticillata) T Terrestrial Dicot Sandwort, Cumberland (Arenaria cumberlandensis) E Terrestrial Dicot Skullcap, Large

-flowered (Scutellaria montana) T Terrestrial Dicot Spiraea, Virginia (Spiraea virginiana) T Terrestrial Dicot Fern, American hart's

- tongue (Asplenium scolopendrium var. T Terrestrial Ferns Chub, Slender (Erimystax cahni) T Freshwater Fish Chub, Spotfin (Erimonax monachus) T Freshwater Fish Dace, Blackside (Phoxinus cumberlandensis) T Freshwater Fish Darter, Amber (Percina antesella) E Freshwater Fish Darter, Bluemask (=jewel) (Etheostoma sp.) E Freshwater Fish Darter, Boulder (Etheostoma wapiti) E Freshwater Fish Darter, Dusk ytail (Etheostoma percnurum) E Freshwater Fish Darter, Slackwater (Etheostoma boschungi) T Freshwater Fish Darter, Snail (Percina tanasi) T Freshwater Fish Logperch, Conasauga (Percina jenkinsi) E Freshwater Fish Madtom, Pygm y (Noturus stanauli) E Freshwater Fish Madtom, Smok y (Noturus baileyi) E Freshwater Fish Madtom, Yellowfin (Noturus flavipinnis) T Freshwater Fish Shiner, Blue (Cyprinella caerulea) T Freshwater Fish Shiner, Palezone (Notropis albizonatus) E Freshwater Fish-Page 142 of 150

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Sturgeon, Pallid (Scaphirhynchus albus) E Freshwater Fish Marstonia, Royal (=Royal Snail) (Pyrgulopsis ogmorhaphe) E Terrestrial Gastropod Riversnail, Anthony's (Athearnia anthonyi) E Freshwater Gastropod Snail, Painted Snake Coiled Forest (Anguispira picta) T Terrestrial Gastropod Lichen, Rock Gnome (Gymnoderma lineare) E Terrestrial Lichen 

### Tennessee ( 85) species: **E/T Me**  **dium Taxon**  Bat, Gray (Myotis grisescens) E Terrestrial, Mammal Subterraneous Bat, Indiana (Myotis sodalis) E Terrestrial, Mammal Subterraneous Squirrel, Carolina Northern Flying (Glaucomys sabrinus coloratus) E Terrestrial Mammal Grass, Tennessee Yellow

- eyed (Xyris tennesseensis) E Terrestrial Monocot Pogonia, Small Wh orled (Isotria medeoloides) T Terrestrial Monocot 

### Tex **as** ( 82) species: **E/T Me**  **dium Taxon**  Salamander, Barton Springs (Eurycea sosorum) E Terrestrial, Amphibian Freshwater Salamander, San Marcos (Eurycea nana) T Terrestrial, Amphibian Freshwater Salamander, Texas Blind (Typhlomolge rathbuni) E Freshwater, Amphibian Subterraneous Toad, Houston (Bufo houstonensis) E Terrestrial, Amphibian Freshwater Harvestman, Bee Creek Cave (Texella reddelli) E Terrestrial, Arachnid Subterraneous Harvestman, Bone Cave (Texella reyesi) E Terrestrial, Arachnid Subterraneous Harvestman, Cokendolpher Cave (Texella cokendolpheri) E Terrestrial, Arachnid Subterraneous Meshweaver, Braken Bat Cave (Cicurina venii) E Terrestrial, Arachnid Subterraneous Meshweaver, Government Canyon (Cicurina vespera) E Terrestrial, Arachnid Bat Cave Subterraneous Meshweaver, Madla's Cave (Cicurina madla) E Terrestrial, Arachnid Subterraneous Meshweaver, Robber Baron Cave (Cicurina baronia) E Terrestrial, Arachnid Subterraneous Pseudoscorpion, Tooth Cave (Tartarocreagris texana) E Terrestrial, Arachnid Subterraneous Spider, Government Canyon Bat (Neoleptoneta microps) E Terrestrial, Arachnid-Page 143 of 150

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Cave Subterraneous Spider, Tooth Cave (Leptoneta myopica) E Terrestrial, Arachnid Subterraneous Crane, Mississippi Sandhill (Grus canadensis pulla) E Terrestrial, Bird Freshwater Crane, W hooping (Grus americana) E Terrestrial, Bird Freshwater Curlew, Eskimo (Numenius borealis) E Terrestrial Bird Falcon, Northern Aplomado (Falco femoralis septentriona lis) E Terrestrial Bird Flycatcher, Southwestern W illow (Empidonax traillii extimus) E Terrestrial Bird Owl, Mexican Spotted (Strix occidentalis lucida) T Terrestrial Bird Plover, Piping (Charadrius melodus) E Terrestrial Bird Prairie

- chicken, Attwater's Greater (Tympanuchus cupido attwateri) E Terrestrial Bird Tern, Interior (population) Least (Sterna antillarum) E Terrestrial Bird Vireo, Black

- capped (Vireo atricapilla) E Terrestrial Bird Wa rbler (=Wo od), Golden

- (Dendroica chrysoparia) E T errestrial Bird Wo odpecker, Red

- cockaded (Picoides borealis) E Terrestrial Bird Am phipod, Peck's Cave (Stygobromus (=Stygonectes) pecki) E Freshwater, Crustacean Subterraneous Am brosia, South Texas (Ambrosia cheiranthifolia) E Terrestrial Dicot 

### Texas ( 82) species: **E/T Me**  **dium Taxon**  Ayenia, Texas (Ayenia limitaris) E Terrestrial Dicot Bladderpod, Wh ite (Lesquerella pallida) E Terrestrial Dicot Bladderpod, Zapata (Lesquerella thamnophila) E Terrestrial Dicot Cactus, Black Lace (Echinocereus reichenbachii var. albertii) E Terrestrial Dicot Cactus, Bunched Cory (Coryphantha ramillosa) T Terrestrial Dicot Cactus, Chisos Mountain (Echinocereus chisoensis var. chisoensis) T Terrestrial Dicot Hedgehog Cactus, Lloyd's Mariposa (Echinomastus mariposensis) T Terrestrial Dicot Cactus, Nellie Cory (Coryphantha minima) E Terrestrial Dicot Cactus, Sneed Pincushion (Coryphantha sneedii var. sneedii) E Terrestrial Dicot Cactus, Star (Astrophytum asterias) E Terrestrial Dicot Cactus, Tobusch Fishh ook (Ancistrocactus tobuschii) E Terrestrial Dicot Cat's

- eye, Terlingua Creek (Cryptantha crassipes) E Terrestrial Dicot Dawn

-flower, Texas Prairie (Hymenoxys texana) E Terrestrial Dicot (=Texas Bitterweed) Dogweed, Ashy (Thymophylla tephroleuca) E Terrestrial Dicot Frankenia, Johnston's (Frankenia johnstonii) E Terrestrial Dicot Fruit, Earth (=geocarpon) (Geocarpon minimum) T Terrestrial Dicot Manioc, W alk er's (Manihot walkerae) E Terrestrial Dicot Oak, Hinckley (Quercus hinckleyi) T Terrestrial Dicot Phlox, Texas Trailing (Phlox nivalis ssp. texensis) E Terrestrial Dicot Pitaya, Davis' Green (Echinocereus viridiflorus var. davisii) E Terrestrial Dicot Poppy

- ma llow, Texas (Callirhoe scabriuscula) E Terrestrial Dicot Rush

- pea, Slender (Hoffman nseggia tenella) E Terrestrial Dicot Sand

-verbena, Large

-fruited (Abronia macrocarpa) E Terrestrial Dicot Snowbells, Texas (Styrax texanus) E Terrestrial Dicot Sunflower, Pecos (Helianthus paradoxus) T Terrestrial, Perm. Dicot wetland Darter, Fountain (Etheostoma fonticola) E Freshwater Fish Gambusia, Big Bend (Gambusia gaigei) E Freshwater Fish Gambusia, Clear Creek (Gambusia heterochir) E Freshwater Fish Gambusia, Pecos (Gambusia nobilis) E Freshwater Fish Gambusia, San Marcos (Gambusia georgei) E Freshwater Fish-Page 144 of 150

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Minnow, Devils River (Dionda diaboli) T Freshwater Fish Pupfish, Comanche Springs (Cyprinodon elegans) E Freshwater Fish Pupfish, Leon Springs (Cyprinodon bovinus) E Freshwater Fish Shiner, Arkansas River (Notropis girardi) T Freshwater Fish Snail, Pecos Assiminea (Assiminea pecos) E Freshwater Gastropod Beetle, American Burying (Nicrophorus americanus) E Terrestrial Insect Beetle, Coffin Cave Mold (Batrisodes texanus) E Subterraneous Insect Beetle, Comal Springs Dryopid ( Stygoparnus comalensis) E Freshwater, Insect Subterraneous Beetle, Comal Springs Riffle (Heterelmis comalensis) E Freshwater, Insect Subterraneous Beetle, Helotes Mold (Batrisodes venyivi) E Subterraneous Insect Beetle, Kretschmarr Cave Mold (Texamaurops reddelli) E Subterraneous Insect Beetle, Tooth Cave Ground (Rhadine persephone) E Subterraneous Insect 

### Texas ( 82) species: **E/T Me**  **dium Taxon**  Rhadine exilis (ncn) (Rhadine exilis) E Terrestrial, Insect Subterraneous Rhadine infernalis (ncn) (Rhadine infernalis) E Terrestrial, Insect Subterraneous Bat, Mexican Long

- nosed (Leptonycteris nivalis) E Terrestrial, Mammal Subterraneous Bear, American Black (Ursus americanus) SA Terrestrial Mammal Bear, Louisiana Black (Ursus americanus luteolus) T Terrestrial Mammal Jaguarundi, Gulf Coast (Herpailurus (=Felis) yagouaroundi E Terrestrial Mammal Manatee, We st Indian (Trichechus manatus) E Saltwater Mammal Ocelot (Leopardus (=Felis) pardalis) E Terrestrial Mammal Ladies'

- tresses, Navasota (Spiranthes parksii) E Terrestrial Monocot Pondweed, Little Aguja Creek (Potamogeton clystocarpus) E Freshwater Monocot Wi ld

- rice, Texas (Ziz ania texana) E Freshwater Monocot Snake, Concho W ater (Nerodia paucimaculata) T Terrestrial, Reptile Freshwater 

### Utah ( 38) species: **E/T Me**  **dium Taxon**  Condor, California (Gymnogyps californianus) E Terrestrial Bird Flycatcher, Southwestern W illow (Empidonax traillii extimus) E Terrestrial Bird Owl, Mexican Spotted (Strix occidentalis lucida) T Terrestrial Bird Bearclaw poppy, Dwarf (Arctomecon humilis) E Terrestrial Dicot Bladderpod, Kodachrome (Lesquerella tumulosa) E Terrestrial Dicot Buttercup, Autumn (Ranunculus aestivalis (=acriformis)) E Terrestrial Dicot Cactus, San Rafael (Pediocactus despainii) E Terrestrial Dicot Cactus, Siler Pincushion (Pediocactus (=Echinocactus,=Utahia) T Terrestrial Dicot Cactus, Uinta Basin hookless (Sclerocactus wetlandicus) T Terrestrial Dicot Cactus, Wi nk ler (Pediocactus winkleri) T Terrestrial Dicot Cactus, Wr ight Fishhook (Sclerocactus wrightiae) E Terrestrial Dicot Cycladenia, Jones (Cycladenia jonesii (=humilis)) T Terrestrial Dicot Daisy, Maguire (Erigeron maguirei) T Freshwater Dicot Milk

-vetch, Deseret (Astragalus deseretic us) T Terrestrial Dicot Milk

-vetch, Heliotrope (Astragalus montii) T Terrestrial Dicot-Page 145 of 150

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Milk

-vetch, Holmgren (Astragalus holmgreniorum) E Terrestrial Dicot Milkweed, We lsh's (Asclepias welshii) T Terrestrial Dicot Phacelia, Clay (Phacelia argillacea) E Terrestrial Dicot Prim rose, Maguire (Primula maguirei) T Terrestrial Dicot Reed

- mu stard, Barneby (Schoenocrambe barnebyi) E Terrestrial Dicot Reed

- mu stard, Shrubby (Schoenocrambe suffrutescens) E Terrestrial Dicot Ridge

- cress (=Pepper

- cress), (Lepidium barnebyanum) E Terrestrial Dicot Barneby Townsendia, Last Chance (Townsendia aprica) T Terrestrial Dicot Chub, Bonytail (Gila elegans) E Freshwater Fish Chub, Humpback (Gila cypha) E Freshwater Fish Chub, Virgin River (Gila seminuda (=robusta)) E Freshwater Fish Squawfish, Colorado (Ptychocheilus lucius) E Freshwater Fish Sucker, June (Chasmistes liorus) E Freshwater Fish Sucker, Razorback (Xyrauchen texanus) E Freshwater Fish 

### Utah ( 38) species: **E/T Me**  **dium Taxon**  Trout, Lahontan Cutthroat (Oncorhynchus clarki henshawi) T Freshwater Fish Wo undfin (Plagopterus argentissimus) E Freshwater Fish Am bersnail, Kanab (Oxyloma haydeni kanabensis) E Terrestrial, Gastropod Freshwater Ferret, Black

-footed (Mustela nigripes) E Terrestrial Mammal Ly nx, Canada (Lynx canadensis) T Terrestrial Mammal Prairie Dog, Utah (Cynomys parvidens) T Terrestrial, Mammal Subterraneous Ladies'

- tresses, Ute (Spiranthes diluvialis) T Terrestrial Monocot Sedge, Navajo (Carex specuicola) T Terrestrial Monocot Tortoise, Desert (Gopherus agassiz ii) T Terrestrial Reptile 

### Vermont ( 6) species: **E/T Me**  **dium Taxon**  Mussel, Dwarf We dge (Alasmidonta heterodon) E Freshwater Bivalve Milk

-vetch, Jesup's (Astragalus robbinsii var. jesupi) E Terrestrial Dicot Bat, Indiana (Myotis sodalis) E Terrestrial, Mammal Subterraneous Ly nx, Canada (Lynx canadensis) T Terrestrial Mammal Bulrush, Northeastern (=Barbed (Scirpus ancistrochaetus) E Terrestrial, Monocot Bristle) Freshwater Pogonia, Small Wh orled (Isotria medeoloides) T Terrestrial Monocot 

### Virgin Islands ( 3) species: **E/T Me**  **dium Taxon**  Boxwood, Vahl's (Buxus vahlii) E Terrestrial Dicot Catesbaea Melanocarpa (ncn) (Catesbaea melanocarpa) E Terrestrial Dicot Lizard, St. Croix Ground (Ameiva polops) E Terrestrial Reptile 

### Virginia ( 61) species: **E/T Me**  **dium Taxon**  Salamander, Shenandoah (Plethodon shenandoah) E Terrestrial, Amphibian Freshwater Spider, Spruce

-fir Moss (Microhexura montivaga) E Terrestrial Arachnid-Page 146 of 150

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Plover, Piping (Charadrius melodus) E Terrestrial Bird Tern, Roseate (Sterna dougallii dougallii) E Terrestrial Bird Wo odpecker, Red

- cockaded (Picoides borealis) E Terrestrial Bird Fanshell (Cyprogenia stegaria) E Freshwater Bivalve Mucket, Pink (Pearlymu ssel) (Lampsilis abrupta) E Fresh water Bivalve Mussel, Cumberland Combshell (Epioblasma brevidens) E Freshwater Bivalve Mussel, Dwarf We dge (Alasmidonta heterodon) E Freshwater Bivalve Mussel, Fine

- rayed Pigtoe (Fusconaia cuneolus) E Freshwater Bivalve Mussel, O ys ter (Epioblasma capsaeformis) E Freshwater Bivalve Mussel, Rough Pigtoe (Pleurobema plenum) E Freshwater Bivalve Mussel, Shiny Pigtoe (Fusconaia cor) E Freshwater Bivalve Pearlymu ssel, Appalachian (Quadrula sparsa) E Freshwater Bivalve Monkey face Pearlymu ssel, Birdwing (Conradilla caelata) E Freshwater Bivalve Pearlymu ssel, Cracking (Hemistena lata) E Freshwater Bivalve Pearlymu ssel, Cumberland Bean (Villosa trabalis) E Freshwater Bivalve Pearlymu ssel, Cumberland (Quadrula intermedia) E Freshwater Bivalve M onkey face Pearlymu ssel, Dromedary (Dromus dromas) E Freshwater Bivalve 

### Virginia ( 61) species: **E/T Me**  **dium Taxon**  Pearlymu ssel, Green

- blossom (Epioblasma torulosa gubernaculum) E Freshwater Bivalve Pearlymu ssel, Little

-wing (Pegias fabula) E Freshwater Bivalve Purple Bean (Villosa perpurpurea) E Freshwater Bivalve Rabbitsfoot, Rough (Quadrula cylindrica strigillata) E Freshwater Bivalve Riffleshell, Tan (Epioblasma florentina walkeri (=E. E Freshwater Bivalve Spinymu ssel, James River (Pleurobema collina) E Freshwater Bivalve Isopod, Lee County Cave (Lirceus usdagalun) E Freshwater Crustacean Isopod, Madison Cave (Antrolana lira) T Freshwater Crustacean Am aranth, Seabeach (Amaranthus pumilus) T Coastal Dicot Birch, Virginia Round

- leaf (Betula uber) T Floodplain Dicot Bittercress, Small

- anthered (Cardamine micranthera) E Terrestrial Dicot Chaffseed, American (Schwalbea americana) E Terrestrial Dicot Coneflower, Smooth (Echinacea laevigata) E Terrestrial Dicot Harperella (Ptilimnium nodosum) E Freshwater Dicot Joint

-vetch, Sensitive (Aeschynomene virginica) T Terrestrial, Brackish Dicot Mallow, Peter's Mountain (Iliamna corei) E Terrestrial Dicot Rock

- cress, Shale Barren (Arabis serotina) E Terrestrial Dicot Sneezeweed, Virginia (Helenium virginicum) T Vernal pool Dicot Spiraea, Virginia (Spiraea virginiana) T Terrestrial Dicot Sum ac, Michaux's (Rhus michauxii) E Terrestrial Dicot Sunflower, Schweinitz's (Helianthus schweinitz ii) E Terrestrial Dicot Chub, Slender (Erimystax cahni) T Freshwater Fish Chub, Spotfin (Erimonax monachus) T Freshwater Fish Dace, Blackside (Phoxinus cumberlandensis) T Freshwater Fish Darter, Dusk ytail (Etheostoma percnurum) E Freshwater Fish Logperch, Conasauga (Percina jenkinsi) E Freshwater Fish Logperch, Roanoke (Percina rex) E Freshwater Fish Madtom, Yellowfin (Noturus flavipinnis) T Freshwater Fish Sturgeon, Shortnose (Acipenser brevirostrum) E Freshwater, Fish Snail, Virginia Fringed Mountain (Polygyriscus virginianus) E Terrestrial Gastropod Beetle, Northeastern Beach Tiger (Cicindela dorsalis dorsalis) T Terrestrial Insect Butterfly, Mitchell's Satyr (Neonympha mitchellii mitchellii) E Terrestrial, Perm. Insect wetland-Page 147 of 150

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Bat, Gray (Myotis grisescens) E Terrestrial, Mammal Subterraneous Bat, Indiana (Myotis sodalis) E Terrestrial, Mammal Subterraneous Bat, Ozark Big

- eared (Corynorhinus (=Plecotus) townsendii E Terrestrial, Mammal Subterraneous Squirrel, Carolina Northern Flying (Glaucomys sabrinus coloratus) E Terrestrial Mammal S quirrel, Delmarva Peninsula Fox (Sciurus niger cinereus) E Terrestrial Mammal Bulrush, Northeastern (=Barbed (Scirpus ancistrochaetus) E Terrestrial, Monocot Bristle) Freshwater Orchid, Eastern Prairie Fringed (Platanthera leucophaea) T Terrestrial Monocot Pink, Swamp (Helonias bullata) T Terrestrial, Monocot Freshwater Pogonia, Small Wh orled (Isotria medeoloides) T Terrestrial Monocot 

### Virginia ( 61) species: **E/T Me**  **dium Taxon**  Turtle, Bog (Clemmys muhlenbergii) T Terrestrial, Reptile Freshwater 

### Washington ( 25) species: **E/T Me**  **dium Taxon**  Albatross, Short

- tailed (Phoebastria (=Diomedea) albatrus) E Terrestrial, Saltwater Bird Murrelet, Marbled (Brachyramphus marmoratus) T Terrestrial, Bird Freshwater, Owl, Northern Spotted (Strix occidentalis caurina) T Terrestrial Bird Plover, We stern Snowy (Charadrius alexandrinus nivosus) T Terrestrial Bird Catchfly, Spalding's (Silene spaldingii) T Terrestrial Dicot Checker

- ma llow, Nelson's (Sidalcea nelsoniana) T Terrestrial Dicot Checker

- ma llow, W enatchee (Sidalcea oregana var. calva) E Terrestrial Dicot Mountains Howellia, W ater (Howellia aquatilis) T Freshwater Dicot Lom atium , Bradshaw's (Lomatium bradshawii) E Terrestrial, Dicot Freshwater Lupine, Kincaid's (Lupinus sulphureus (=oreganus) ssp. T Terrestrial Dicot kincaidii (=var. kincaidii)) Paintbrush, Golden (Castilleja levisecta) T Terrestrial Dicot Sandwort, Marsh (Arenaria paludicola) E Terrestrial, Dicot Freshwater Stickseed, Showy (Hackelia venusta) E Terrestrial Dicot Salm on, Chinook (Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) tshawytscha) E/T Freshwater, Fish Brackish, Saltwater Salm on, Sockeye (Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) nerka) E Freshwater, Fish Brackish, Saltwater Steelhead (Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) mykiss) E Freshwater, Fish Brackish, Saltwater Trout, Apache (Oncorhynchus apache) T Freshwater Fish Trout, Bull (Salvelinus confluentus) T Freshwater Fish Butterfly, Oregon Silverspot (Speyeria zerene hippolyta) T Terrestrial Insect Bear, Grizzly (Ursus arctos horribilis) T Terrestrial Mammal Caribou, W oodland (Rangifer tarandus caribou) E Terrestrial Mammal-Page 148 of 150

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Deer, Columbian W hite

- tailed (Odocoileus virginianus leucurus) E Terrestrial Mammal Ly nx, Canada (Lynx canadensis) T Terrestrial Mammal Rabbit, P ygm y (Brachylagus idahoensis) E Terrestrial Mammal Ladies'

- tresses, Ute (Spiranthes diluvialis) T Terrestrial Monocot 

### West Virginia ( 17) species: **E/T Me**  **dium Taxon**  Salamander, Cheat Mountain (Plethodon nettingi) T Terrestrial, Amphibian Freshwater Fanshell (Cyprogenia stegaria) E Freshwater Bivalve Mucket, Pink (Pearlymu ssel) (Lampsilis abrupta) E Freshwater Bivalve Mussel, Clubshell (Pleurobema clava) E Freshwater Bivalve Pearlymu ssel, Tubercled

- (Epioblasma torulosa torulosa) E Freshwater Bival ve Riffleshell, Northern (Epioblasma torulosa rangiana) E Freshwater Bivalve Spinymu ssel, James River (Pleurobema collina) E Freshwater Bivalve Isopod, Madison Cave (Antrolana lira) T Freshwater Crustacean Clover, Running Buffalo (Trifolium stoloniferum) E Terrestrial Dicot Harperella (Ptilimnium nodosum) E Freshwater Dicot Rock

- cress, Shale Barren (Arabis serotina) E Terrestrial Dicot 

### West Virginia ( 17) species: **E/T Me**  **dium Taxon**  Spiraea, Virginia (Spiraea virginiana) T Terrestrial Dicot Snail, Flat

- spired Three

- toothed (Triodopsis platysayoides) T Terrestrial Gastropod Bat, Indiana (Myotis sodalis) E Terrestrial, Mammal Subterraneous Bat, Virginia Big

- eared (Corynorhinus (=Plecotus) townsendii E Terrestrial, Mammal virginianus) Subterraneous Bulrush, Northeastern (=Barbed (Scirpus ancistrochaetus) E Terrestrial, Monocot Bristle) Freshwater Pogonia, Small Wh orled (Isotria medeoloides) T Terrestrial Monocot 

### Wisconsin ( 14) species: **E/T Me**  **dium Taxon**  Plover, Piping (Charadrius melodus) E Terrestrial Bird Wa rbler (=Wo od), Kirtland's (Dendroica kirtlandii) E Terrestrial Bird Mussel, W inged Mapleleaf (Quadrula fragosa) E Freshwater Bivalve Pearlymu ssel, Higgins' Eye (Lampsilis higginsii) E Freshwater Bivalve Clover, Prairie Bush (Lespedez a leptostachya) T Terrestrial Dicot Locoweed, Fassett's (Oxytropis campestris var. chartacea) T Terrestrial Dicot Milkweed, Mead's (Asclepias meadii) T Terrestrial Dicot Monkshood, Northern Wi ld (Aconitum noveboracense) T Terrestrial Dicot Thistle, Pitcher's (Cirsium pitcheri) T Terrestrial Dicot Butterfly, Karner Blue (Lycaeides melissa samuelis) E Terrestrial Insect Dragonfly, Hine's Emerald (Somatochlora hineana) E Terrestrial, Insect Freshwater Ly nx, Canada (Lynx canadensis) T Terrestrial Mammal Iris, Dwarf Lake (Iris lacustris) T Terrestrial Monocot Orchid, Eastern Prairie Fringed (Platanthera leucophaea) T Terrestrial Monocot-Page 149 of 150

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### Wyoming ( 17) species: **E/T Me**  **dium Taxon**  Toad, Wyom ing (Bufo baxteri (=hemiophrys)) E Terrestrial, Amphibian Freshwater Crane, W hooping (Grus americana) E Terrestrial, Bird Freshwater Plover, Piping (Charadrius melodus) E Terrestrial Bird Tern, Interior (population) Least (Sterna antillarum) E Terrestrial Bird Butterfly Plant, Colorado (Gaura neomexicana var. coloradensis) T Terrestrial Dicot Penstemon, Blowout (Penstemon haydenii) E Terrestrial Dicot Yellowhead, Desert (Yermo xanthocephalus) T Terrestrial Dicot Chub, Bonytail (Gila elegans) E Freshwater Fish Chub, Humpback (Gila cypha) E Freshwater Fish Squawfish, Colorado (Ptychocheilus lucius) E Freshwater Fish Sturgeon, Pallid (Scaphirhynchus albus) E Freshwater Fish Sucker, Razorback (Xyrauchen texanus) E Freshwater Fish Ferret, Black

-footed (Mustela nigripes) E Terrestrial Mammal Ly nx, Canada (Lynx canadensis) T Terrestrial Mammal Mouse, Preble's Meadow Jumping (Zapus hudsonius preblei) T Terrestrial Mammal Ladies'

- tresses, Ute (Spiranthes diluvialis) T Terrestrial Monocot Orchid, We stern Prairie Fringed (Platanthera praeclara) T Terrestrial Monocot 

### Aquatic Marine Species **Fish (Actinopterygii)** Common name Scientific name Family Order Salmon, Atlantic Salmo salar Salmonidae Salmoniformes Salmon, Chinook Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) tshawytscha Salmonidae Salmoniformes Salmon, Chum Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) keta Salmonidae Salmoniformes Salmon, Coho Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) kisutch Salmonidae Salmoniformes Salmon, Sockeye Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) nerka Salmonidae Salmoniformes Sawfish, Smalltooth Pristis pectinata Pristidae Pristiformes S teelhead Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) mykiss Salmonidae Salmoniformes Sturgeon, Gulf Acipenser oxyrinchus desotoi Acipenseridae Acipenseriformes Sturgeon, North American green Acipenser medirostris Acipenseridae Acipenseriformes Sturgeon, Shortnose Acipenser brevirostrum Acipenseridae Acipenseriformes Sturgeon, White Acipenser transmontanus Acipenseridae Acipenseriformes 

### Gastropod (Gastropoda) Common name Scientific name Family Order Abalone, White Haliotis sorenseni Haliotidae Vetigastropoda 

### Mammal **(Mammalia)** Common name Scientific name Family Order Bear, polar Ursus maritimus Ursidae Carnivora Manatee, West Indian Trichechus manatus Trichechidae Sirenia Otter, Northern Sea Enhydra lutris kenyoni Mustelidae Carnivora Otter, Southern Sea Enhydra lutris nereis Mustelidae Carnivora Seal, Guadalupe Fur Arctocephalus townsendi Phocidae Carnivora Seal, Hawaiian Monk Monachus schauinslandi Phocidae Carnivora Seal, spotted Phoca largha Phocidae Carnivora Sea

- lion, Steller Eumetopias jubatus Otariidae Carnivora-Page 150 of 150

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Whale, Blue Balaenoptera musculus Balaenopteridae Cetacea Whale, Bowhead Balaena mysticetus Balaenidae Cetacea Whale, Finback Balaenoptera physalus Balaenopteridae Cetacea Whale, Humpback Megaptera novaeangliae Balaenopteridae Cetacea Whale , North Atlantic right Eubalaena glacialis (incl. australis) Balaenidae Cetacea Whale, North Pacific right Eubalaena japonica Balaenidae Cetacea Whale, Sei Balaenoptera borealis Balaenopteridae Cetacea Whale, Sperm Physeter catodon (=macrocephalus) Physeteridae Cetacea 

### Monocot (Liliopsida) Common name Scientific name Family Order Seagrass, Johnson's Halophila johnsonii Hydrocharitaceae Alismatales 

### Reptile (Reptilia) Common name Scientific name Family Order 

### Reptile (Reptilia) Common name Scientific name Family Order Sea turtle, green Chelonia mydas Cheloniidae Testudines Sea turtle, hawksbill Eretmochelys imbricata Cheloniidae Testudines Sea turtle, Kemp's ridley Lepidochelys kempii Cheloniidae Testudines Sea turtle, leatherback Dermochelys coriacea Dermochelyidae Testudines Sea turtle, loggerhead Caretta caretta Cheloniidae Testudines Sea turtle, olive ridley Lepidochelys olivacea Cheloniidae Testudines Snake, Atlantic Salt Marsh Nerodia clarkii taeniata Colubridae Squamata

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