### UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY WASHINGTON , D. C. 20460

O FFICE OF PREVENTION , PESTICIDES , AN D TO XIC SUBS TANCES 

## A PR 1 5 2 009 MEM O RANDUM DP B arcode : 3 63945 D ecision : 389 745



### SU BJ EC T: E PA Review o f A BS TC's 2 007 and 20 08 Co m I n s e c t R esistance M anagement Co mp l iance Ass urance P rogram [EPA Re gi stration Nos. 5 24

- 4 89 ,684 67

- 2, 6 7979-1, 29964 -3,5 24-52 8,52 4 -55 1 , 68467 -5 ,67 979-5, 2996 4-4 , 524 -54 5, 524

- 552, 68467 -6 ,679 79 -8 , and 29 964-5; MRlD s 4 73339 6-01 and 4 76633-01 

## J TO : Mi k e M endel sohn , S enior R egulatory Action Leader Mi crobial Pe sticide Branch B iopest i cides and P o lluti on Pre vention D ivision ( 751 1 P) J eann e tt e Martin ez, Ecologist 

# 6- M icrobial P esticide Bran ch

## ~V Bi opes ti cides and Po lluti on Pre ventio n Di vision (7 511 P)

# L--=a--- ...... 

### F ROM :

REV IEWED A lan Rey nolds, E ntomologist 

### BY : Microbial Pe sticide Branch Bi opes ticid es and Po ll ution Prevent i o n D ivision (7 51 1 P )

ACTION REQUES TED: B P PD 1 

### was a sked to r eview ABS TC's IRM CA P for co m b orer an d co rn rootw onn p ro tected s ing le c orn P IPs and c orn b orer and corn ro otworm protected s tacked co rn P IP s.

I Th e us e o f BPPD i n thi s r eview re fers t o th e BPPD IRM team co n s i sting o f J eannette Martinez a nd A lan R eynolds .CONC L USIO NS A ND RECOMME NDA TIONS C ompliance w ith re fuge requirement s for EC B pro tected s in g l e and/o r stac ked co m PI Ps: 1 . Th e 2 007 an d 2 008 o nline s urvey res ults s how t hat grower compli ance with refuge size re quirements fo r s ingle E CB protec ted co m P IP s h a s reached th e lowest level (see Figure I ) s ince 200 2 (i n th e 70 th a nd 80 th per centile) . A BSTC i s co rrect t hat m ost g rowers con tinue to adhe re to th e refuge requ irem ent s an d th at a po rtion of no n-c ompliant g rowers atte mpted to p lant a refuge a lthough no t large e nough i n s ize . Ho wever, 

### it i s co ncerning to see co mpliance decrease d espite reg istrants wo rking toge ther w ith the Na tiona l C orn Growe r A sso ciation (NCGA) 

### wi th m ore o utreach t ools, incr eased e d ucational effo rts , and m ore av e nues t han eve r wit h w hich to reach g rowers . BPPD n otes th at th e increase in n on-compliance m ay in some insta nce s re flect wi llful non-c omp liance wi th requ irement s rather th an a l ack of know ledge. 2 . T he 2007 and 2008 on -farm a s s e s sment showe d th at 9 1% and 86% of growers, respectively, were co mpliant wit h refuge requ irements . Whi le t his is s till a hi gh deg ree of co mpliance , B PPD notes th at th ere has bee n a vis ible de clining tre nd in co m pliance sinc e 2003. T he p ercent of non -compliant g rower s a nd growe rs w ith sig nificant d eviation s was at the h ighest l evel in 2 008 (1 3 . 7% an d 10 .2%, re spec tive ly) si nce on -farm asses s ments started i n 200 3 ( see Fi gure 4 ). Comp liance w ith refuge re quirements f or co m roo two nn pr o tected c om PIPs : 3 . O ve ra ll co mpli ance ( per grower) wi th refug e re quire men t s h a s f urther decli ned in 20 08 a nd dropped fro m 93% and 87% fo r refuge s i ze and di st ance , respec tively, i n 2005 to 74% an d 6 3% i n 2 008 (see F igure 2 ) . Th e perce nt of growers w ho can recall th e correct refuge requi remen t s ( unaided) h a s dras tical ly d eclined to th e lower 70 t h and 3 0 th perce ntiles for refuge s s ize and di stan ce, respectively . C o mp l iance w ith re fuge d istanc e re quireme nts for rootwo nn -p rotected 

### Bt com p roduct s might be m ore c hallenging b ecause the re fuge m ust be d eployed e ither wi thin the CRW -protected 

### Bt field or i mmediatel y a djace nt to a corn roo two nn -protected 

### B t field . 

### Fur th er education with re spect to 

### refuge distance , especially, may be need ed fOr growers who plant corn rootworm protected B t corn .

. 4 . From th e 2007 an d 2008 o n-farm assessme nt re s ults it c an be concl uded th at growers ' comp li ance wa s relatively hi gh in bo th y ear s (90% and 86%) b ut th at overall co mpliance h as decreased fro m p reviou s years. T he pe rcent age of s i g ni fic an t dev iation s (9%) also in creased i n 2008 com pared to 2007 (2.8%) a nd 2006 (6.5%) . BPPD notes th at comp liance res ult s f rom o nfarm as sessme nt s are hi gher than fro m o n-line s u rveys (7 4% fo r refuge size and 6 3% fo r refuge di s t ance) . Th e reasons for th i s discrepancy are n ot cl ear . Th e p hone /internet s urvey may 

### be a s tat is tica lly re prese ntative s amp le (60 0) , w hile the o n -farm s urvey i s n ot ( 134) . 

### BPPD recommends increasing th e s ample size fOr on -farm as ses sments targ eting growers who plant co rn rootworm protected Bt c orn . Si nce 2 006 the s ample s ize h as decreased each yea r; this bri ngs in to qu e s tion w hether th e s urvey result s are s till re pre se ntative of gro wers' comp lianc e . ac ro ss a ll reg ion s. F urthermore , 

### ifregional data had been provided fOr the 200 7 and 2008 CAP, BPPD could verify where regional non -c ompliance from the two a sse ssment methods did not correspond Ifthese data are i n tac t available fOr 2007 and 200 8, BPPD re commends that ABSTC s ubmit the additional infOrmation to the Age n cy. BPPD recommends fO cused s ampling (on

- farm assessmen ts ) fOr areas of high Bt c orn a doption (i.e . the " red zone " fO r CR W and 2

### whe re th er e h ave b een a necdotal reports of hig h-non compliance) . 

### Th e s e a re a s w ill h ave hi gh s el ect i o n pr e ssure f or re si stanc e ; h igh n on-compliance w ill further in c rease th at ri sk. C ompli ance w ith refuge requirement s fo r s tack e d EC B and C R W pr otected c om P IP s: 5 . 20 0 8 co mpliance r e s ult s f or refuge requirem ent s ( stacke d c o m PI P s ) we re s i milar to the 20 07 r e sults . W hile th e maj ori ty o f grower s pl anted a re fuge and o b s erved th e correc t r efuge di s tance , a larg e p erc en ta ge of growe r s di d n ot co mply w ith r equirements . C o mpliance w ith refuge di stance dr opp ed f rom 9 2% in 20 06 to 66 % in 2 007 and 2 008 ( see Figure 3 ) . On ly 3 6% o f the s urv eye d grow e r s in 2 007 and 20 08 c ould recall th e cor rect r efug e di stan ce for C RW. BPP D recommends that A BST C ' s ed uca ti onal e ffO rts targ e t growers who p lant s tac ked B t pr od u cts for HC B and C RW 

### to further i m prove c omplian ce w ith ref uge req uirements , e sp eciall y if o ne co n side rs ho w th e numb er of gro we r s w ho hav e s tarte d plan ting s tac ke d co m P IPs h a s increa s ed s i nce 2 006. 6 . Th e o n-farm a ssess ment re s ults d emon str ate th at th e s urve ye d grow er s w ho pl anted s tacke d Bt 

### c orn h yb rid s in 2 007 were ap proximatel y e qually c ompliant (89%) as grow e r s w h o plant ed co m b o re r-protec ted 

### Bt corn h yb rid s (9 1%) and co leopteran-pro tected 

### Bt c o m h ybrids (9 0% ). L ike the s urvey results for c o m rootw onn pro tec ted B t c o m , the 

### o n-farm co mplianc e r e sults f or s tac ked EC B and C RW p roduct s ( 9 0 .3%) do not direc tly c orrespond w it h the o n-line c o mpliance results for s t acke d pr oduct s (7 0% and 66 % for re fug e s iz e and di stance , re s pe c ti vely). Th e o n-farm s u rvey re s ult s s h owe d h igher co mplian ce rates t han the o nline s ur vey re s ult s. The re as on s for thi s d iscrepancy we re n ot obviou s (both o nline and o n-farm s amp les were s tati s tica lly repre sentative ) but co uld b e furth er in ve s tigated i f regional d ata had been p rovided f or b oth s urvey m eth o d s ( see # 8 be low). IU hese data ar e in fac t a vaila ble for 20 0 7 an d 200 8, BPPD re comme nd s that A BS T C su bmit th e additio nal i nto rmation to the Agency. 

### Part o f th i s d eviati on betw een o n-lin e and o n-farm 

### s ur vey re sults c o uld b e due to th e s w i tc h in s urvey me thodology in 2007 . 

### DE FIC IENCIES 7. A BS TC 's repo rted r es ult s from the o n-farm s urv e y f or g rower s wh o pl anted s tac ked EC B and CRW co m P IP s s tated th at th e numb er o f s i g ni fic ant and n on- si gnifi cant d ev iation s we re 86 and 3 6, re spec ti ve l y . B PPD notes th at th e s e numbers do n ot a dd up to th e total numb er o f nonco mpliant grow ers ( 2 53 ) re port e d b y A BS TC . It 

### i s uncl ear at th i s p oint wh at the co rrect num bers w e re f or 2 0 08 ; BPPD re que sts t ha t the c o r rected o n-fa rm results to r s tacked co rn PI Ps be s ubmiued. 

### 8 . T he onlin e s u rvey results ( s ingle and s t ac ked B t produ ct s ) w ere n ot broken do wn for th e fo ur reg ion s ass ess e d as w as do n e in pr evi ou s years , and th eref ore, it i s impo ssibl e f or B PPD to determine in w hich re gion s t he n on- com plianc e w ith refuge requir ements do minated o r o ccurred . BPPD re commend s th at i f the o nline s ur v ey i s n ot s e t up to gather re g ional d ata tha t it be re-d e s igned f or thi s purp o s e . In ad diti o n , it i s u se ful t o be a ble t o ta bulate results i n a hi storical c ontext f or eac h of th e f our re gion s ( a . E as te rn Io w a , N ort h e rn Ill inoi s re gion; b . So uth Dak ota , M inne sota, Ne braska, Wes te rn Iow a reg io n ; c. K an sas, O klahom a , T exas Panhandl e region ; an d d . No rth Car o lina, Sou th C aro lina , Southea st M isso uri, T e nn essee, M i ss i ss ippi regi on) . BPP D req u es ts th at th is info rm at i on be prov ided in fu ture repo rts s o t ha t 

### 3

### AB ST C and B PPD may de term ine w here n on - c omplian ce is th e h ighes t . where ho t spo ts fOr res is ta nce co uld occu r and the r isk orresis t ance ev olu ti on is th e h ighes t. a nd in wh ich geograp hic regions regist rants c ould fOcus their resistance m onitoring effOr ts (Or E CB a nd 

### C

RW 9 . Th e 2 007 12 008 o nline s urv eys d id n ot inclu de re sult s fo r 'ad he rence to r e fug e s iz e and di stance require ment s ' f o r the Co m and Co tt o n Be lt as wa s repo rted i n p re vious y ears ( i .e . s ee Table I ) . 

### Suc h de tails s hould b e p rovi ded i f th e dat a a re a vailable . O th erw ise BPPD su gges ts th a t th e o n-line p art orthe gro wer su rvey b e red esign ed s o that r esults c an b e grouped b y Corron o r Corn B elt /

reg i on s /

stat es . Simil arly (O r on - farm assessm ent s ur ve ys, BPPD re commends that c o m pli an c e wit h ' refu g e s ize a nd refuge di s tan ce ' be in cl ud ed in futu re C A P rep or ts . 10 . 

### It i s po s sibl e th at b y s w it c hin g from ph one s u rveys to o n-li n e s urve ys, var iability was introduced in to the re s ult s o f 20 07 a nd 2008 wh e n c ompared to ea rlier ye ar s. 

### In ord er to 

### de termine whether co mplia n ce has declined du e to th e s witch i n m etho dology a nd/or o ther f

ac to rs, BPPD s ugg es t s tha t AB ST C reana lyz e their data from 200 7 and 2008 an d asse ss w h ether n on-compli an ce is ran domly d isl ri bu ted (e rror due to n ew m ethodology) or clus tered a .e. re g io nal non -c omplia n c e in cre a se d). T hi s an a l y sis s ho u ld p rovide furthe r i n s ight in to w hy c o mp l iance m ig ht have d ecli ned i n th e l as t tw o ye ar s .

4I. B A CK GR O UND 

### A s a cond ition of r egi strati on for th e co m bo rer-protected 81 (B acillus r huring iensi s) 

### co m produc ts ( EPA Reg . No s . 524-489 . 68 467 -2 . 67979 -1 and 2 9 9 64-3 ), co m rootwonn -protec ted 

### Bt com produ cts ( EPA Reg . Nos . 524 -528. 52 4 -55 1 , 6 8467

- 5, 67 979

- 5, and 29964-4 ), and s tacked ( com borer /com rootworm -protected ] B I co m products (EPA R eg . Nos . 5 24-545, 524 -552, 68 46 7-6, 6 7979

- 8, and 29964 ·5 ), the reg i s trants m ust w ork t ogether thro ugh th eir s elf

- a p pointed Agricu ltural Biotec hno logy S teward s hip Tec hnical Co mm ittee ( ASSTe ) to implem ent. an Insec t Re sistance Manage ment ( IRM) Co mpli ance A ss ur ance Program (CA P) . Th e I RM CA P is d esigned to prom ote co mp l iance wi th re fuge requi rements amo ng a ll 

### Bt com g rowers irres pective o f [a nn s i z e . The p rogram i s c o mposed of seve ral p arts : g row er ag ree ments, annual grower affi rmation o fI RM req uirements , grow er e ducation , tip s and co mp laints to i dentify n on-compli ant grow ers, t hird-p arty growe r s urvey ( telep hon e a nd s ince 20 07 a lso o n-line), o n-farm a sses sment s , a nd f o llo w - up a ction s ( phased c o mp li ance p ro gram ) s ho u ld n on-c o mplia nt g rowers be id en tified through th e o n - farm as sess ments. I ndi v idual regi strant s, ho wever , a re re spon sib l e for imp l em entin g th e requi rem en t s ag reed up on by th e**ABST nse**  Re sistance Ma nagement Ste ward ship S ubco mmi ttee's C ompli an c e Ass urance Program and EP A . T he re sult s o f the y ear' s pro gram are to be report ed to E PA in an annu a l co mp l iance ass u rance report ( January 3 1 s t ea c h y ear) . Th is review addre s se s the ABSTC

- In s ect R esi stan ce Man agement Ste ward s hip Subco mmitte e' s 2 007 an d 2008 In sect Re si stance M anageme nt C omp liance Ass urance Prog ram R eport fo r Com Bo rer -P rotected BI Com . II . SUMMARY OF 2007120 08 CAP The 2007 and 2008 ABST C CAP co ntained a s ummary of the following ac tivit ies: I ) 200 7 and 2008 third p arty grower s u rvey s fo r single an d s t acked PIP s fo r bo th E C B and CRW, 2 ) 2007 and 2008 on -f arm asse ss ment s, and 3) t ips and c ompl aints, 4 ) CA P ac tivities fo r 2 00 7 and 2 008 , and 5 ) p lan s for th e C AP du ring 2008 and 2009 . Grower agree ments a nd annua l growe r a ffirmation s yste m s are rev iewed as p art of eac h r e gis tr a nt' s ann ual l RM re port . 1. 

### Thi rd -Party G row er P hone a nd Onlin e S urvey T he grower s urvey fu n ctio n s t o m easure c omp li ance adh erence to re fu ge s ize a n d di stance requirements at a re gi onal le vel and to id entif y ed ucational o pportunities i n the s e f our regi ons to increase gro w er com pliance w ith I RM requirem ents . A s a co ndition o f each indi vidual BI co m regi s tration, th e registr ant mu st pe rform an ann ual t hird-party s urvey o f a s t a t is tica lly repr esentative samp le of 

### Bt com gro wer s . B e ginnin g w ith the 2002 gro wing s eason , > 500 gro wers fro m f our s e p arate regions w ere ano nymou sly s urv ey e d . Th e m ethodology for con duct ing the growe r su rv ey h as re mained v irtua lly un chan ged since it was fir st cond ucted by Marketing H o riz on s , Inc i n 2000 . Pas t r e sults ( including data fro m 2006 ) we re weigh ted to reflect the actual di s tribut ion of co m a cre s i n each re gion . Howev er, s tarting in 2007 due to an increasing co mplexi ty o f growe r s' B t c om planting practices and a need to s tandardize the gr owe r s urvey acro ss in sect -protected traits , Marketing H oriz o ns utilized an internet -based s urvey approa ch . BPP D n otes that it i s unclear at thi s point what k i nd o f bi as, if any, e ntered th e data d ue to th i s c h ange in me th odology . In o ther word s , a repo rted i ncr ease in n on-compliance m ay or m ay no t be p artly d ue to th e c hange i n th e s urvey m ethodology . There are f our s ampling reg io n s that d iff er b y p e st an d level of ad option : a) regions wi th hi gh r ate s of 

### B t co m a doption ; b ) a reas w he r e i nsectic i de s h ave hi st oricall y b een s prayed for co ntrol of com 

### 5

### boring inse ct pest s ; an d c ) areas w here Bt 

### c om and Sf 

### c otton m ay be 

### grown s imultaneous l y . To participate i n the s urvey, re spondents had to be i dentified as deci sion -maker s. not emp loyed b y th e ag richemical or s eed indu s trie s, wh o farmed a minimum o f 200 acre s of c om ( 100 ac res i n the co m-corton growing r egion of the S outh) , an d at least 5 0 ac res o f the ir t otal co m ac reage had to be p lanted with 

### Bt co m ( the registered produc ts identified in th e s ubject h eading) . Due to the random nature o f the s urvey, the sam ple s ize from co tton growing reg ions w as t oo s ma ll in 2007 and 2008 to ana lyze whether there w as a diff erence in co mpliance between the Co tton B elt and C om Belt. A BSTC reported in it s 200 8 C AP that i t will w ork with Mar keting H orizons to i mprove the re s ponse ra te in the c otton - growing region s f or th e 200 9 s urveys . The ABS T C comp li ance s urveys we re condu cted fo r co m bor e r -protected, c om rootworm p rotected , and s tacked ( com bo rer- and rootw orm-pr otected) 

### Bt com . The o bjectives of the s urveys w ere to ( i) de termine the le v el of grower adherence to IRM requirement s; (ii ) mea sure c hanges in grower awar eness of IRM requirements; (i ii) obtain growe r fee dback for i mprovement o f educational an d comp liance prog ram s; and (i v} e va luate the potential bi o lo gical s igni fi ca nce of n on -adherence to the requirement s . Growers were recrui ted f o r the s u rvey between Augu s t 23 an d Sep tember 2 0, 2007; the i nternet b ased portion of the s urvey rema ined open for completion unti l October 2 , 200 7 . A tota l of6 11 growers c omp leted the i nternet s urvey , s ome o f wh om had multip le Bt c om va rieties o n their farm s . The internet s urvey, ther ef ore, re sulted in 4 67 s urvey entrie s for s ingle co m bo rer (EC B) p rotected PIP s, 1 32 ent rie s for s ingle c om rootw onn (C R W) 

### p rotected PI Ps , a nd 45 6 entri e s fo r stac ked co m PIP s p rotected aga inst EC B and C RW . In 200 8, gro wers wer e re cruited for the s urvey between Au gust 2 0 an d Octobe r 2 ; the i nternet b ased portion o f the s urvey rem ained o pen for co mpletion unt il Oct ober 9, 200 8 . A to tal o f 600 growe rs comp leted the internet s urvey, s ome of wh om had multip le Bt co m v arie t ies o n th eir farm s . The inte rnet s urvey, theref o re , r e s ult ed in 3 1 7 s urvey entrie s f or s ing le EC B pro tected P IP s, 103 e ntrie s for single C RW protected P IP s, and 556 entrie s for stacked c om P IP s protecte d a gain st EC B a ndC RW .



### a. Corn Bo rer-Protected Bt Corn Registrations 200 7 Data : O f the 6 1 1 gr owers w ho co mp l eted the online s urvey, 46 7 g rowers p lanted a c om bo re r prot ected Bt pr oduct in 200 7 (s i ngle and/o r s tacked PIP pr oducts) . Reported result s sho wed that adherence to the refuge s ize and d istance requirement s were 8 0 % and 8 8 % , r espectively, an d remained rel atively h igh . Eighty -nine per cent of the g rowers s urveyed planted at least a 1 5 % co m bo rer refuge , wh ile 9 5 % p lanted at least a 10 % refu ge . The 88 % fo r co mpliance wi th refu ge d istance ref ers to the gro wers that co uld rec all the layout o f all the ir EC B p rotected Bt c om field s ( 447/467) . Of the 140 gro wers wh o planted a s i ngJ e com borer p rotected Bt pr oduct, 89 % adhered to refug e s ize and 8 7 % of tho s e grower s wh o re called the lay out of their Bt field s c omplied wi th refu ge di stance requi remen ts . The se c omplian ce numbe r s f or s i ng l e EC B protected co m PIP s c orrespo nd the c omp liance n umber s o btained i n 2006 more cl osely than th e poo led re s ults f o r s i n g l e and stacked 

### PIP s. 6

### N inety -s ix p ercent o f grower s s urveyed w ere a ware o fI RM requirement s , th e s ame as in 200 5 and 2 006. O n an un aided b asis , 6 3% o f tho se s urveyed acro s s a ll re gions pro vided the co rrect refuge s ize requirements f or th eir area. Further, o n an unaid ed bas is , 79% o f th e growers ac ross all regions i dentified th e c orrect re fuge di stance. T he e ducation p ortion o f th e s urvey provided s imilar re sults to pri or years . G rowers i ndicated that see d co mpanies and th eir d ealers were th e most important so urces o f IRM i nformation (9 2% and 95% , respectively) . N inety

- three per cent o f grower s s tated that th ey received inf ormation f rom multiple s o u rces (e.g., 

### technical gui de , co nversation with c ompany representati v e). E ighty-eight p ercent of grower s s tate d that th ey h ad enough inf ormation at th e tim e of to p lantin g to es tablish an d man age a Sf 

### co m re fuge. 2008 Data : O f t he 600 grow ers w ho co mp lete d th e onlin e s urvey , 3 17 growers pla nted a c om b orer prot ected B t product in 2 008 (s ingle an d/or s tacked PIP product s). Rep orted re sults s howed th at ad herence to the refuge s ize and d is tance requirements we re 7 8% and 88%, r espectively , and r emained relatively hi gh . The 88 % fo r co mp l iance w ith refuge di stance re fer s to th e growers that co uld recall t he l ayo ut o f all th eir ECB protected B t co m fields (298/3 1 7). E ighty

- s ix pe rcent o f th e gro wers s urveyed p lanted at least a 1 5% co m b orer refu ge .

T able l. Summary o f telephon e survey res ults f or co rn bo rer -p rotected Bt c orn g ro wers (Da ta fr om 2002 -2006) and o nline s urvev r esults 'Data f rom 2007 and 2008\ Su rvey Year Survey Questi on 2002 2003 200 4 2005 20 06 2 007 2008



# - ---- -- %res ponde nts- - Adh erence to Refug e S ize Weig hted average across a ll four re gion s s urveyed 86 92 9 1 92 89 80 78 NC /SC/SE MOffNlMS 77 8 2 7 8 82 80 (50 % r efuge in c o tton-growing area s) E l AIN IL (20% re fuge) 88 96 95 94 N /A NlA 89 -99 SDIMNINEJW IA (20% refuge) 85 93 90 9 1 KS /OKJTX (20% r efu ge) [Hi gh P lains 

### 1 8 1 82 9 3 95 82 Adh erenc e to Dis tance Requi rem ents W e ight ed averag e acro ss a ll four region s s urveyed 89 93 96 96 96 88' 88' NC /SC/SE M O !TNIMS [Cotton B elt} 78 83 84 80 80 E l AIN IL 95 96 96 9 7 89-9 9 N/A N/A S DIMNJNEJW I A 89 94 98 97 K S /O KfTX [Hi gh Pl ains 

### 1 79 92 94 94 Awa reness o f IRM Require ments 

### 7A ll gro wers 88 93 92 92 92 96 98 U nai d ed R ecall of IRM Req u ire me nts Refuge size 42 52 5 3 59 NJA 6 3 ' 79' (weighted av erag e acro ss all four r egion s s urv eyed) Refuge di stanc e 3 7 49 55 53 49 79' 8 9' ( weighted a verage across all four r egion s s urv eye d ) R efu ge s ize (C om B e lt an d Hi gh P la in s) I 61 N /A N /A Re fuge si ze (Co tto n Be lt)2 3 1 N / A N /A Com belt a nd high plain s Iowa, IlIm Oi

S, So uth Dak ota, Minne s ota, Nebraska, Kansas , Oklahoma, Texa s, r.e., thre e of f our r egions s urveye d l Cm ton belt = North Carolina , South Carolina, south-eastern M iss ou ri , T ennessee, and Mi ss i ss ip pi l Cotton Bell n umbers are n ot se parated from C om B elt s urvey r esult s • Per ce nt r eflects onl y t hose g ro wers that co uld r emembe r t he layout of a ll their 8t field s; 447 out o f 467 (95 .7%) in 2007 ; 298 out o f3 1 7 (94 %) in 200 8 . BPPD Revi ew (2007): Ba sed o n t he th ird

- party grower s urvey res ult s from 200 2 through 2007 , grower compliance for (a ve ra ge weighted ) refuge s ize fell from 89 % to 80 % o ve rall an d ( average wei g hted) refuge di stance from 96 % to 88 % . The r eported numbers include farmers wh o p lanted s ing le com PIP s and s tacked com PIPs . H oweve r, when complian ce am ong growers plant ing a single Lepidoptera protected co m PIP in 2 007 w as co mpared t o the c omp liance re sults o btained in 2006 , then a dherence t o refuge s ize did n ot c hange, while c ompliance with refuge di stance declined f rom 9 6 % to 88 % . This s t ill repre s ent s a reduction in EC B refuge c omp l iance f o r 2007 . Un fortunately , the o nline s urvey re s ults were not bro ken down for the four regio n s , as was done in previo u s year s, and t herefo re , i t i s impo ssi ble for B PPD to dete rmine w hich regi on h ad grea ter non - c omplian ce wi th refuge requ irem ent s. BP PD re que sts tha t th i s info rmati on be p rovided i n future reports s o th at it can be dete rmined in w hich farmi ng reg ions the regi s tran t s n eed to f ocus thei r ed ucational ou treach . BP PD r eco mmend s th at th e on line s urv ey b e c ondu cted in a mann er th at w ill b e co mparable wi th the ph one s urv ey se t u p of th e p ast y ears, so th at result s c an be put int o hi storical co ntext f or eac h o f the f our r egi ons (a . Ea s tern I owa , N orthe rn Ill i no i s r egion ; b . S outh Dakota, M inneso ta , Neb raska, We stern Iowa region ; c . Kan sas , Ok lahoma , Texas Panhandle r egion; a nd d. No rth C aro lin a, Sout h Carolina, So utheast M is sour i , T enne ssee , M i ss is s ippi r egion) . By p roviding geog raphic /r egional i nformatio n a bout re fuge comp liance, th e r egi stran ts and the Age ncy c an become aw are of p rob lemat ic reg ions and de termine what the und erlying ca u ses co uld be . R egion s of no n-compl iance coul d al so i ndicate potential h ot s po ts f or r esistan c e in the future . Approximately 79 % o f g rowers s urveyed in 2 006 a cro ss all region s knew ( unaided) the co rrect di stance requiremen ts and approximately 6 3 % o f the g rowers s urveyed during thi s same timeframe kn ew th e correct refuge si ze requirements . Th e 7 9 % o f gro wers rememberin g the c o rrect r efu ge requirements r epre s ent s a n incre ase from the 4 9 % reported in 20 06 . I RM a wareness amon g grower s in 2007 ( 96 % ) a ppears to be h ighe r than in 200 6 (9 2%) . Thi s s ugge s ts t hat an i ncre ase in n o n-compliance i s not du e to lack of educati on but m a y rather be a reflecti on o f g row e rs' attit udes to willfu l non- complian c e toward s r efuge requ irements . The 2007 ABSTC re port di d not report details o f adherence to re fuge s i ze an d d i stance requ i re ments f or the C o rn an d C o tt o n B elt ( see Table I above). S uch de tail s wo uld be preferabl e to 

### 8h ave , and s hould be provid ed if th e d ata is ava i lab le . O th erwise BPP D su gges ts th at the o n-l ine p art of th e gro wer s urvey be rede sig ned so th at re su lts can be gro u p ed b y Co tto n o r Co m B el t/region s/stat e s . Re sults fr o m the e ducation port ion o f the 2007 s urv ey indicate th at s e e d c o mpanie s an d deale rs are b y f ar the m os t im portant so urces o fI RM inf ormatio n fo r growers ( 92 % and 9 5 %, re spe ctivel y) . Gr owers al so in di c ate th at th ey rec eive multip le so ur ces of IRM informati o n (93 %) an d t hat th e y h ad e noug h i nformation at t he tim e o f p l anting to e stab l i sh and man age a Bt co m refuge ( 88% ) . BP PD Review (20 08) : Th e 2 008 s urvey re su lt s s how that g rower co mp l iance wi th refuge s ize requirement s fo r s ingle E CB prot ected com PIP s h a s f urth er decl ined an d i s n ow at the l o west level s ince 2002 ( s ee Figu re 1 ) . ABST C i s co rrec t th a t m o s t g rowe rs co ntinue t o a d here to the refuge r eq uirement s ; h owe v er , it i s rea so n fo r c o ncern th at com pliance dec rea s ed w hil e r egi str a nt s and N CGA h av e m or e o utreac h too l s a nd iricrea s ed edu cati onal e fforts than eve r to rea ch gro wers . BPPD r eiterate s that the in crea s e in n on- c omp li ance m a y re flect g rower s' att itude s t o ward r efuge r eq u irement s rather than a la ck o f kn o w led ge , e s pe cially if o ne co n s iders tha t th e IRM a w ar e ness h as co n s i ste ntl y incre ased s ince 2 002 and up thr ough 2 008 . A s in 2 007, th e o n line s u rvey re s ult s we re n ot broken d own for the f o ur regi o n s ass esse d in previou s y ear s, and therefore, it i s impo ssib l e fo r B PPD t o determ ine in wh i ch re gions the non co mpliance wi th refuge requ ire ments d ominated o r occ urred . B PPD reque sts th at t hi s inf ormation be provided in future re ports so that it can be e xtracted where s pecifica lly no n -complianc e o ccurs and wh at th e pote nti al driver s ar e . BPPD recommends th at th e o nli ne s urv ey i s re -d e signed in s uc h a m anner th at it wi ll m atc h th e phone s urv ey s e t up of th e pas t years, an d th at re s u l ts can be put i nto hi sto ri c al co ntex t fo r e ach o f th e f our re gion s ( a . Eas tern Io w a., N o rthern Ill ino i s regio n ; b . So uth Dakota, M innesot a, N ebras ka, W e st ern Iowa reg i o n ; c . Kan s as, O klaho ma , T ex as P anhand le re g i on; a nd d . N o rth C aro lin a, Sou th Caro li na , S ou theast Mis s ouri , Ten ne ssee, M i ssiss ippi reg i o n ) . In thi s m a nner , A BST C a nd BPPD may determin e w hether an in c r ease in non - c omp li a nce i s, f or exa mp le , due to highe r p e st pre ssure s in partic ul ar regio n s or du e to o ther o uts ide f actors . T h e 20 08 A BST C report did report deta il s o f ad he re nce to refuge siz e an d d i s t ance req uirement s f o r th e C o m and C o tton B elt (s e e Table I abo v e ) . Su ch d etail s w ould be p r ef

erab l e to h a ve , a nd s hou ld b e prov ided if th e d ata i s ava ilab le . Otherw i se BPPD s ugges ts th at th e o n- line p art o f th e growe r s urv ey be r ed esi gn e d so tha t r es ults c an b e g roup e d b y Co tto n o r Co rn B el t/reg io n s/ sta tes . Re sults f ro m th e e d uca tion port io n of th e 2008 s urvey i ndicate th at s eed c o mpanie s and d ea lers a r e b y f ar the mo s t im po rtant so urces o fI RM informatio n fo r grow ers (890 10 and 90% , re s pectively ) . G ro wers al so indi cate that th ey receive multiple sources of IRM information ( 9 4%) an d th a t the y h ad e nough i nformation at the t ime o f p lanting t o e s tabli sh and mana ge a Bt co m refuge ( 86 %) .



### - 9

-CorrpI iance Wth Refuge Rec:,.Ji1 et I 

### eras fer ECB prctected BtComPlPs



# 60 +- - - -

_ 

# j : t-- - - - -

2010 2008 2008 2002**60 +-** **-~ --_** **-~** 2000 Planting Season FIgur e I. Compli an ce T re nd f rom 2002

- 2008 for E CB protec ted C o r n PIP s


### b. Co rn roo tworm-pr otected Bt co rn reg istrations 2007 Data : Of the 61 1 growe r s wh o c ompleted the o n l ine s urvey , 13 2 growers planted c oleopteran -protected 

### Bt c om (s ing le an dlor s tacked PIP s) and were rand omly s elected from the co m growin g re gio n s . A ll re s ponden ts p lanted a minimum o f2 00 ac re s o f c o m o n th eir land in 2007 ( 100 ac re s i n th e co rn - cotto n growi ng reg ion o f the So uth) , wi th a mini mum of 50 a c re s of r o ct worm- prot ected co m . Re p o rted r e sul ts s h owe d th at a dherence to th e refug e s i z e was 80 %. Thi s n umber d oes n ot di fferentiate be tween g ro wer s th at plan ted a si ngle co m ro otworm p rotected PIP andl or s tack ed PIP s. Eig hty

- s ix percent o f a ll the grower s s ur veye d planted a t lea st a 1 5 % co m root worm refuge . A dherence to the refuge di stance requirement wa s s imilar t o adheren ce to refuge s i z e (7 9%) . N ine ty -se v en p ercent of the g rower s s urveyed w ere a ware o f IRM requirement s . S ixty-three p ercent a nd 3 3 

### % , re spe ctively , o f th e grower s were able to provide t he c o rr ec t refuge s ize and di s tan ce requ irem ents o n a n un aided b a sis (Ta ble 2 ) . Grow ers indi cate d that th e see d com panie s an d t heir d ea lers we re th e m os t i mpo rtant s o ur ce s of i nf orma ti on o n IRM . Ag roc hem i ca l r etaile rs , crop cons ul tants , grow er guide s/techno logy g u ide /use agree men t s, coo perative ex ten sion/uni ve rs i ty, and farm pu blications were al so ci ted as be ing important b y m o re than 8 0 % of the re s ponden t s . 

### 2008 D ata: O f the 6 00 growe rs w ho c o m p leted th e o nl ine s urve y, 103 growers p lanted co leop teran - protected 

### Bt co m (s i ng l e an dlo r s t ac ked PIP s) an d were rand o mly s el e cted f ro m th e co m gro wing re gion s . All r e s pondent s pl anted a mini mum 0£200 a c re s o f com i n 200 8 ( 1 00 ac re s in th e co m-cotto n g row ing reg ion o f th e So uth) , w ith a m inimum of 5 0 ac re s o f rootworm-p rote cted co m .

- 10

-Repo rted re su lt s s howed tha t growe r adhe rence to the refuge s i ze and d i stance requireme nt w as 74 % and 63 % (but 8 1 % o n a field b asis), re spectivel y . The se numbe rs d o n ot d ifferentiate between g ro wers that planted a s i ngle c om ro otwonn p rotected PIP an d/or sta cked PIP s . A total o f 84 % o f grower s planted at le ast a 15 % refuge f or C RW . N i nety -s ix percent o f the g rowers s urveyed were a ware o fI RM requirement s . Seventy -two percent and 34 %, re spe ctivel y , o f the grower s surveyed we re ab le to provide , o n an un a ided basi s, the co rrect refuge s i ze and di stance requ irements f or the ir area ( Table 2 ) . G rowers i nd ic ated tha t th e s ee d co m panie s and their de a ler s we re th e mo s t im po rtant sourc e s of in formation o n IRM (85 % an d 95 %, re spectively) . Agroche mical retailers, cro p co n s ultants , growe r g uide s/ technology gu ide /u s e ag reements , coope rative ex tension/univer s ity, a nd fann p ublications we re a l so ci ted a s b ein g important by m ore than 8 0% o f t he re spo ndent s. Table 2 . Su mma ry of T elep hone ( 2005-2006) and O nline S ur vey (200 7 -200 8) R esults f or R ootworm -Prot ected Bt C o r n G rowers S urv ey Questi on) 20 05 1 2006 2 200 7 2 008 Y

. R espo ndent s Y. Respondents 0 /. Respondents Responde nts Adhe ren ce to Refuge S ize 9 3 g9 gO 74 A dhere nce t o Distanc e Requ irem ents g 7 8 2 79 6 3 Awa reness of IRM Re quir emen ts 9 7 9 3 9 7 96 U naided retail o f refu ge size 51 57 6 3 72 U naided recall of refug e d istan ce 5 8 55 33 34 V. eld Gard RW and Y u : l

d G ard P lu s co m gr o ..... e rs 2 Y i

eldGard RW , Y id dG ard Pl u s, H ercule x RW , and H erc ule x X TRA co m gr o we r s . JWei g ht ed ave r age a cr os s all fo ur regi on s su rveye d BPPD R eview (200 7): Ac ro ss a ll the y ear s s urveyed , g rower a dherence i n 2007 to re fuge di s tance requirem ents acro s s a ll region s wa s l ower f or roo two nn - protected th an fo r EC B protected 

### Bt co m . Ad herence to refu ge d istance h a s fu rther dro pped s i n c e th e s urvey s b egan in 2005 . Conve rsel y, co mpliance wi th ref uge s i ze ap peared to be th e sa me fo r C RW an d EC B pr otected P IP s a ccordi ng to 2007 survey re s ults . None theless, c o mpliance for refuge s i ze h a s furth er dec lined . A war e nes s of IRM requirements was co mparab le to th at f or g rowe r s of co m bo rer -protected 

## 8 1 co m . Sixty-three pe rcent of th e grower s c ould correctly recall the co rr ect refuge s ize requireme nt for CRW ; th is re sult was s im il ar to wh at was f ound in 20 06 . Ho wever , g rowers ' ability to recall the co rrect refuge di stanc e requirement s h as d ropped drasticall y c ompared to the pri or year ( from 55 % to 33 %). Co mpliance with refuge di stan ce f or ro otworm-prote cted BI com produc ts mi ght be more challenging because th e refug e mu st 

### be depl oyed either within the C RW

- p rotec ted BI field o r immediately a djace n t to a com root w onn- protected BI field . Thi s s ugge s ts th at fu rther education with re s pect to refuge d i stance may be n eeded f or g rowers who pl ant co m roo two nn p rotected Bt products . U nfortunately , th e s urvey does n ot indicate i n w hat regions th e co mp liance d eviation s occ urred . Th e 200 7 A BST C report d id n ot report s ufficie nt d etai l s w ith re spec t to geogr aphic or reg ional non-co mp l iance o f refuge s iz e an d d i st ance ( see Tab le 2 ab ove) . S uch d etails shou ld b e prov ided fo r fu ture r eports .



### - 1 1 -Thi s will help the regi stran ts , s eed de alers, and s eed c ompanie s to fi gure o ut whi ch reg ions need to be targeted with inc rease d educational eff orts . 

### BPPD Rev iew (2008): Ov erall co mpliance (pe r growe r) w ith refug e requ irements h as co ntinued to decline s ince 2007 and h as dropped to 74 % an d 63 % i n 2 008 for refu ge s ize and di stance (se e Figure 2 ) . Gro wer awaren e s s o f IRM requirement s i s as high as ever (9 6 %), b ut o nly 72 % o f the grow ers s urv eye d were ab le to reca ll the co rrec t refu ge s ize requirement. In 2 007 and 2 008 there h as been a drastic decline in the percent o f grower s wh o co uld remembe r the corre ct refuge d istance . A s s t ated a bove, compl iance w ith refuge di stance req uirement s for rootworm-pr otected BI com produ cts m ight be m ore ch allenging becau se the refu ge mu st be dep l oyed eith er w ithin the C RW.protected SI field o r immediately adjacent to a c om rootworm-protected 

### Bt field. Further educati on with re spect t o refuge dis tance b ut a l so refuge size may 

### be in place for growers w h o pl ant com roo two nn protected Bt products . T he 20 08 ABST C r eport did not include s ufficient d etails with re spect to ge ographi c o r regi onal n on - c omp liance o f re fuge s i ze and di stance (s ee Tab le 2 abo ve) . Such detail s s ho u ld be provided in fu ture repo rts . Thi s wi ll help th e reg i strant s , s ee d de alers, and s eed c ompan i e s to det ermine whic h re gions nee d to be targe ted wi th incr eased e ducational ef forts . CcnpIiance wth Refuge**~renvnts** for CRNpic:Aected Bt Corn PIPs 1 00 ' 90 

# I 60 

# I 70 60 50

2004 2005 2000 200l 2008 2009 Figur e 2 . Co mplia nce T re nd from 2005-2008 for C RW pr otected PIP s



### c. 

### Stacked Bt corn registrations 2007 Data: Of th e 6 11 gro wer s ' wh o co mpleted the o nline s urvey, 45 6 pl anted s tacked Bt co rn ( fo r EC B an d/o r C RW co ntro l ) . All re spond ents planted a mi n imum of2 00 acre s o f co m in 2 007, with a minimum o f 50 a cres o f s tacked BI co m .



### - 12 •Re ported results s howed t hat a dher ence to the r efuge s ize and di stance requirement was 70 % an d 66 % ( o ft h ose that could recall t he layout of a ll t heir Bt fi elds; 44 9 /456) , respect ively . E ighty -two pe rcent of the growe rs who planted stacked P IP produc ts planted at le ast a 15 % refuge for ECB and CRW . Ninety

- six perce nt of the growers surveyed we re aware of lRM requirement s. Sixty -tw o and 55 % of the grower s s urveyed were able to provide . o n an unaided basis, th e co rrect r efuge s ize for ECB and C RW . re spec tively . On an unaided basi s , 77 % and 39 % of th e g rowers s urv e yed s tated the correct refuge di stance f o r EC B an d CRW, re s pectively ( Table 3 ) . Th e education po rtion of th e s urv ey provided si milar re su lts as th ose de sc ribed in th e co m bo re r- protecte d an d co m ro otwormpro tected 81 com sec tions (see a bove). 2 008 D ata : Of th e 600 gr owers wh o co mp leted the on line s urvey, 556 p lanted s tacked Bt co m ( for E CB an d/or C RW con trol) . Se venty -two perce nt of the se gro wers rep orted th at the y a dhered t o refu ge s ize . A total o f 8 1 % o f g rowers wh o planted s tacked Bt prod ucts reported that th ey p lanted at le as t a 1 5% . Of th e gro wer s w ho recalled th e layout o f th eir stacke d Bt co m field s (5 43 /

556), 66% had the co rrec t refu ge d i sta nce f or CR W and E CB. O n a p er fie ld b asis , a dherence to refuge size an d di s tance was 73 % and 76 % . Overall aware nes s ofIRM re quirements wa s 97 %. E ighty-o ne perce nt of the growe r s remembered the c orrect refuge s ize , w hile o nly 36 % remembered th e co rrect CRW refuge distance . Ta ble 3 . S ummary o f Te lephone a nd On -Line S urvey R esults f o r Stacked B t Co rn G rowe rs (Da ta from 2006- 2oo8l 20 06 200 7 2008 Survey Q uesti on ·/0 Respond ents Of. Respondents ./0 Respond ents A dh ere nc e t o Re fug e S ize 78 70 72 Adherence to D istance Requirements 92 66 66' Aw areness of IRM Requirements 95 96 97 Una id e d recall of refuge size 59 6 2 and 55 1 8 t Una ided r ecall of refuge d istanc e C RW 48 3 9 3 6 U naided recall of refuge di stance E CD 32 77 86 Wei ghted av era ge ac r oss al l fo ur regi ons su rveyed 2 First n um ber listed i s f o r E Ca an d the second n umber f o r C RW ref u ge com pliance . ) o n a pe r fie ld basis , ad herenc e w as76 %

o n a pe r field basi s, adhe rence w as 7 ) "1. B PP D Re view (2 007) : Grower adhe rence to refuge s ize requi rement s (70 % ) acro ss all region s w as lower in 200 7 than in the p revious yea r ( see Figure 3 ) . Co mpli ance with ref uge d i s tance (acro ss a ll re g ions) h as d ropped fro m 9 2 % i n 2006 to 66 % i n 2 007 . Th e d egree of no n-compliance is likely du e to th e a dded am ount o f co m plexi ty of pl anting refuge s fo r s tacked p roducts . Unaided a warenes s of refuge di stance was low f or C RW refu ge size and di st ance (55 % and 39 %, r e spe ctive l y) an d ind icates that e ducational o ut reach need s to f ocus o n thi s ar ea of refu ge depl oyment. 20 07 results for un aided a warene s s of

- 13

-( ECB) refuge size and di stance requirement s were comparable to the 2006 re su lts . The 200 7 ABST C report d id not report s ufficient detail s o f the adheren ce to refuge si ze and di stance requ irements for a ll fo ur s urveyed re gions (s ee Table 3 above) bu t ra ther pro vided average re sults . More detailed re ports s hould be s ubmitted in the future . 

### BPPD Review (2008): 2008 c ompliance re su lts for refuge requiremen ts (s tacked co m PIP s) were s i milar to the 200 7 re sults (s ee Figure 3 ) . Wh i le the majo rity o f gro wers p lanted a r efuge and observed the co rrect refuge d i stance , a large pe rcentage of growe rs did n ot comp ly wi th requirement s . Complian ce with refuge distance drop ped from 92 % in 2006 to 66 % i n 2007 and 2008 . Onl y 36 % o f the surveyed growe rs in 2007 a nd 2 008 c ou ld r ecall th e correc t refuge d istance for C RW . It ap pear s that ABST C's e ducationa l effort s s hou ld t ar get growers w ho p lant s tacked Bt prod uct s f or EC B and C RW to furthe r improve co mp l iance w ith refuge r equirements es pec ially i f o n e co n s iders how th e n umber of growe rs w h o have s t arted p lanting s tacked com P IP s h a s increa se d s i nce 20 06 . carpriance Wth Reflge Re<Prerrents for Stacked Bt Com PIPs icc , - -- - - - -- - - - - -,

'" 00 

### t- - - - - - - - - - --- --1 5OJ--

__**_-- _-** 

2005 2006 2lXJ7 aoce Pl anti ng Season F ig u re 3. Co mplianc e Trend from 2 006-2008 for Stac ked C or n P IPs 

### 2. On -Farm A s sessment Program The o n-farm assess ment porti on o f the Co mpliance A s suran ce Pro gram ident ifies individual n onco mpliant growe rs ( large and s ma ll farm s) and is be lieved to enhance re gi strant and s eed de aler unde rstanding s o f the o b s tacles that hind er growe r implementation o fi RM requiremen ts. The o n fa rm ass essment pr ogram was full y implemented fo r c om bo rer - protected BI co m produ cts in 2 003 an d f or c om roo two rm-p rotected produ cts in 2 004 an d stac ked BI co m p roduct s i n 2 006. In 20 07, regi strant s and their se ed co mpan y partner s c onducted 208 3 on - farm ass essments . The nu mber of growe rs a ssessed for ea ch type o f BI c om v aried depe nding o n the market s hare o f the produ ct type . Grower s from a range offann s iz es, located acro ss 3 3 s tates, we re s e l ected a t ra ndom

- 1 4 -f or asse ss ment fro m reg i s trant s ' cus to mer lis ts . T we nty - five pe rc ent of th e gr owers i n t he o n -f arm asse ss ments w ere d et ermine d to be " s ma ll growers" (p lanting l e ss th an 250 ac res of co m) . In 2 0 08, o ne - thousand

- th ree-hund r ed

- twelv e o n- fa rm ass e ss ments were con ducte d wi th gr owers fro m a cro ss 35 s t a tes, of w hich 33 % fell in to th e ca tegory of "s mal l gr ower s " . Company repre s entative s we re tr a ined t o con duct o n- farm ass essments . To pics covered i n th e s e tra ining s i ncluded I RM requirement s , m e ss a g e s t hat s hou ld be co mm un ica ted to gr o wer s , f o ll owup ac tio ns i f growe r s are fou nd t o b e out of co mplian ce a nd h ow to u se th e I RM ass ess ment f o rm. A ll as sess ment fo rm s c o ntain e d th e same q ue stion s , b ut th e introdu ctory p ara g raph s a n d co mpan y r ep re s entative s ectio ns w e re c us to miz e d t o s u it th e n eed s of eac h r egi str ant. R egi strant s r e spon ded to a ll c omp lianc e dev i a tio n s id entified i n th e 2 00 7 a n d 2 008 o n-farm ass es s m e nts acc ording to th e co mmon s et of s tand ards o utlined in the P C A ( s ee Appe ndix ) .



### a

. C orn b orer-products B t corn reg istrations 

### 200 7 Data : Of th e 20 83 gr owe r s as s e sse d in 2 007 , 9 % w e re fou nd to be o ut o f co mpli ance ; 1 29 gro wers (6.2 %) had " s ignificant dev iatio ns ", and 59 ( 2 . 8 %) ha d "i n s igni fican t d eviations" fro m th e refuge s ize o r d istance req uirements ( Table 4 ) . A s ses sment s w ere rando mly co nducted acro ss a ran ge o f farm si zes with a p proxi mately 25 % of the fa rms cat ego rized as " s m a ll e r g rowers" with le ss than 25 0 ac re s of co m. A BSTC repo rts th at c ompli ance am ong s ma ller growers (87 %) w as s i milar to th e level of co mp l iance ob se rved am o ng lar g e r gro wers ( 9 1%) . In 2006 , 9 0 growe rs were fo u nd, vi a th e o n- farm as s essment p rocess , to be o ut o f c o mpli ance wi th the IRM p ro gram . O f th ese g row ers , 4 5 d evi ate d s ig nifican tly fr om th e re quirem e nts and were re s po nded to w ith the p e A, w hi c h inclu des re as s e ssme nt the f o ll owi n g year . No ne of th e g rower s re as s e ssed in 2 0 07 w ere f ou nd to h ave d eviated s i g ni fican tly fro m th e es tab li s hed IRM p rogram ; th erefore , a cce ss to 

### B t co rn s eed wa s n ot re voked fo r th e s e gr ower s. So me r e - a ssess ed g rower s d id n ot lo nger f arm or pl ant B t co m in 2007 . 

### 2008 Data : O f th e 1312 o n-farm ass ess me nts co nduct e d in 2 008 , 8 6 % revealed th at g rowe r s c om plied full y wi th refuge r equi re me nt s f o r s ingl e L epidopt er a Bt p ro du cts . Of th e 14 % o f g rowers th at we re o ut of co m pli ance, 10 % h ad s i g nificant de via t ions . O n- farm as s ess m ents w e re rand o ml y c ond ucted acros s a ra nge of f arm s i zes wi th ap prox imatel y 33 % o f gr owers c ategorized as " s ma ll gro wer s" wi th le ss t han 250 acre s of co m . R esu lts o f th e asses sme nt indi cate that co mpli ance am ong s mall and l arge growe r s were si milar ( 82 % vs . 89 %) . I n 2 007, 188 g rowe rs were o ut of co mpliance of w hich 1 29 ha d s ig n i fican t dev iatio n s an d wer e reasse ss ed durin g th e 200 8 gro wing s e aso n . No ne of t he g row ers l o st acce ss to the tec hno logy . So me farme r s w e re n o l o n ge r fa rmi ng o r d id n ot p l ant B t c orn in 200 8 .

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-T a b le 4 . C umula t ive Result s l or- the Fjrst -Time O n -Fa r- m Le pi dopte ra n-Protected B I C o r- n As sess ments (Da ta lo r- 200 3-2 oo8l Is s ue A dd r- ess ed N umbe r- 01 g rowers 2

003 2 004 2 00S 2006 2 007 2008 G r ow ers assessed 196 1 2 13 0 221 5 202 0 2 083 1312 Co mpliant growers 1,789 2032 208 9 1 930 1895 1132 (9 1%) ( 95.4 %) ( 9 4. 3%) ( 95. 5%) ( 9 1 .0%) ( 86.3 %,) Noncompliant growers 172 9 8 126 90 188 180 ( 9%) ( 4.6%) (5 . 7% ) ( 4 .5 %) (9 .0%) ( 13 .7%) Refuge size deviations " 6 4 (3%) 2 7 (1 .3%) 33 ( 1.5% ) 3 3 ( 1.6 %) N IA N IA Reluge distance deviations 1 27 (7 %) 69 ( 3.2%) 68 ( 3 . 1%) 64 ( 3.2% ) N I A N IA Insignificant deviations 6 8 (4%) 59 (2. 8 %) 51 ( 2 . 3% ) 4 5 ( 2.2% ) 59 (2 .8%) 46 ( 3.5%) Significant deviations" 10 4 (5 %) 39 ( 1.8%) 7 5 ( 3 ,4% ) 4 5 ( 2 .2%) 129 ( 6.2%) 134 (10.2 %) Some growers had co mp li ance deviations o ther th an refuge Size o r dis tance o r som e growe rs may have had both a r efug e size and a refuge d istance de viation ; thu s . the tota l of refuge d istance an d s ize deviat ions does not equ al th e number o f no n-eo mp liant grow ers. J Signi ficant deviations ar e defined as : A Bt c om grower who plan ted l e s s Ih an 15% non- Bt c om refuge (excep t in certai n cotto n gro w i ng areas in wh i ch case i t w o uld be le ss than 4 00/0 0 00- B I c om re fuge) ; o r p lanted f ewer than 213 o f the Bt co m fi elds are pl anted withi n 2 m ile o f a non- Bt com refuge . 

### BPPD Revi ew (2007) : Th e cumulative r esult s of the 2 007 o n - farm assess ments showed that 9 1 % o f the gr owers full y c omplied with the refu ge requirements ( 9% o r 188 o ut o f20 83 were f ound to 

### be o ut o f co mpliance ). The o ve ra ll c ompliance with refuge requi remen ts slightly decreased in 2007 (9 1%) co mpared to 2006 ( 95.5%) . The perc entage of no n- significant d eviation s w as si m ilar in 200 7 (3 . 5% o r 4 6/1312) compare d to 2006 ( 2 . 2% o r 59 12083); the perce ntage of s i gni fi can t dev iation s i ncreased i n 200 7 (6 .2% o r 129 12083) co mpared to 2 006 ( 2.2%). N o in formation w a s p rovided for co mp l iance wit h r efuge s i ze and di st ance s pec ifi ca ll y. H ence B PPD ca nnot co mpa re the 20 07 data with o n-f arm as sess ments c onducted in p reviou s years . BPPD re commend s that AB ST C p rovide thi s inf o rm ati o n w it h th eir next rep ort in or der t o be co n sistent wi th pr evious ly co llec ted d ata and so th at all p art i e s in vo l ved (re gistrant s and Age ncy) und erstand more t horough ly w hy non - compliance mi ght occ ur . BPPD Re view ( 2008): Of a ll the gro wers as sessed d uring the o n-farm vi sits, 8 6% we re compl iant w i th refuge requi rements . Whi le th is is s till a high degree o f co mpliance, B PPD notes that th ere i s a clear trend in declin ing overall comp lian ce s i nce 200 3 (s ee Figure ... ) . The percent o f no n-e o mpliant gr owers ( 13.7%) and growe rs with s ig nificant deviati ons (1 0.2%) w as highe st in 200 8 s ince o n- farm ass essments began .in 200 3 . A s stated previ ous l y, BPPD rec o mmend s that ABST C provide refu ge s ize and refuge di stance c o mpliance i ndividuall y , as w as d one in prior ye ars , for the same re as on s s tated above .

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-

# ..**~with Refuge~forECBprotected**  at Com PIPs (on fam as s! 5 5 ,iBi Its)

# --. 

# / 

# ----- \ I 

# '\ -

# -,



# ..

.." Planting Sea80n Fi gur r 4 . Declining Trend in R d ugr Co mp liancr as s uppor trd by O n .Flr m As sessment S u rvry Data 

### h. Co rn ro otworm-active Bt corn reg istrations 2 007 D ata : In 2007, ABST C de termined that 90 % of the grow ers co mplied fu ll y wit h r efuge requirement s . Of the 24 7 growe r s ass essed, a total o f 24 were n on-co mpliant o f whi ch 1 6 ( 6 . 5 %) were ide ntified as havin g "s i g nific an t d e viation s" and & ( 3.2 %) as havi ng in s ignificant deviati ons from the r efuge s iz e o r d i stance requi rements in 200 6 cr able 5 ) . Twenty -four non-compli ant g rower s i n 2007 were s u b je c t to th e Ph ased Co m pliance A pproach . Th ese growe rs we re b e re v i s ited in 2 008 . In 2006 , 2 1 growers w ere f ound , v ia the on-f arm a s se ssment proce ss, to b e o ut o f co mpliance with th e IRM program. O f th e s e g rowers , 11 deviated sig nificantly from th e requirem ent s and wer e re sponded to with the P CA . w hich i nclude s rea s sessment the fo llowing ye ar . No ne o f th e g rower s reas s es s ed in 2 007 lo st acce ss to the tec hnology . 

### 2 008 D ata: On -farm asse s sments were rand o mly conducted acro ss a range o f f ann s i z e s w i th approximately 3 3 % of growers ca tegorized as " s m all growers " wi th le ss t han 250 ac re s of com . Re sults of th e as sess m e nt in dicate th at co mpl iance am on g s mall an d large g rower s w ere s im ila r ( 82% vs . 89 % ) . O f t he 134 o n -f arm a s sessment s , 86 % of th e g rowers co mplied fu lly w ith refuge requirements f o r s in g l e Col eopteran Bt pr oducts . Of the 14 % o f gr owers that we re o ut of c omplian ce . 9% had s igni ficant d eviation s . In 2 00 7, th e 2 4 growers th at we re fo und to b e o ut of compli ance w ere rea s se ss ed i n 2 008 . N o ne o f th e s e grower s met th e cri ter io n f o r r evocation of acce ss to the B t tec hnology.

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-Tab l e 5. Cum ulative Res ults for t he O n-Fa rm Coleonteran -Protected B t C o rn Assessment ' (2006-2008 data) 2006 2007 2008 G rowers assessed 39 5 2 47 134 Refuge dista nce 1 3' N / A N /A devi ations Refu ze size d eviatio ns 7 N /A N /A Si lln ificant devia tions II 2.8 %) 16 6 . 5 %) 1 2 9.0 I nsillnificant d eviations 10 4 .0%) 8 3 . 2 % 7 5.2 % Compliant arowers 374 94 . 7 % 22 3 90 .3% 115 85 .8% Non -compliant arowers 2 1 5.3 %) 24 9 . 7%} 1 9 14.2% ) Table a dapted fro m p age 12 o f MRJ D 4 7044 4-0 1 2 Some gro wers had com p li ance deviat io ns oth er th an re fuge size o r d istan c e ; th u s. the total of re fuge di s tance an d s ize de viatio n s doe s not equal the number of no n-compliant growers . J Si gnifican t deviation s are defined as : A B t co m grower wh o pl anted l ess than 15 % non - B t com refuge (except in certain cotto n gro wing areas in w hich cas e i t w o uld be l ess than 40-;' non - B t com re fuge) ; o r planted fewer than 213 o f the BI co m fi e l ds are p lanted w ithin 2 mi l e o r a non - B t co m re fuge . BPPD Review (2007): Fro m th e o n-farm asse ssme nt re sult s , i t ca n be co ncluded that g rower compliance wit h co rn roo tworm -pro tected refu ge re quirements ap pears high er (90 %) than t hat of com bore r-protec ted refuge requiremen t s i n 2 007 ( 80%) . H owever , the nu mber of non-compliant growe rs (9 .7 %) in 2007 has alm o st do ubled c o mpared 10 2006 ( 5.3% ). Th i s s hou ld be a reason for co n cern . BPPD notes that it i s important to analy ze why co mpliance has dec lined in 2 007 . C ompliance s ho uld 

### be broken d own fo r the four re gi on s ( d iscusse d e arlier in th i s re port ), s o that it can 

### be as sesse d whethe r non - c ompliance i s a re gi onal phen omen a o r not . Re sults f or n on-e omplian ce were not broken down for refu ge s ize and refuge di stan ce . BPPD recommend s that ABS T C provide thi s i nf ormatio n a gain in their next re port . BPPD Review (2008) : From th e o n -farm assess ment re s ult s it can be concluded th at grower s' c ompl iance was relatively h igh (86%) in 2008 but t hat co mpliance continue s t o stea dily decrease . Th e numb er of s ignifi cant deviation s (9 % ) in c reased further c ompared to 2 007 and 200 6 . B PPO n ote s th at comp liance re sul ts from o n-farm asse s smen t s are hi gher th an f rom o n-l ine s urvey s ( 74 % fo r refuge s ize and 63 % f or re fuge di s tance ) . The rea s on s f or th i s di s crepanc y are not cle ar . The phone/internet s urve y m ay 

### be a s tatistica lly repre sentative samp le ( 6 0 0), wh ile the o n - farm s urve y i s not ( 134 ) . BPPD rec ommend s incre asin g th e samp le s i z e f o r o n- f arm ass e ss ment s targetin g grower s wh o pl ant co m roo tw o rm prot ected Bt co m . Since 2 006 the sample s ize h as decre ased with e ach ye ar; th is b rings int o que sti on w hether the s urvey re sul ts are s till repre sentative o f gro wers ' c ompliance . F urthermore , if regi onal data had been pr ovided f or 2008 o nline and on

- farm as s e ss ments b y AB STC, BP PD could confirm whe ther reg ional non -co mp liance from the se two as s e ss ment method s h ad s i mi lar pattern s . Res ult s for no n-compl i ance are not broke n d o wn for refuge s ize and refuge di s tance . B PPD re que sts th at ABSTC p rovide th i s info rmation a gain i n th eir fu ture report s.



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### c. Sta cked B t corn registrations 2007 Data: Of the 1069 growers ass essed, 959 ( 89 . 7 %) were in compliance with refuge requi rements, while 110 (10 .3%) were identified as having been out of c ompliance . Of tho se grower s identified a s having bee n ou t of comp liance . 7 7 ( 7 . 2%) were identified as having "s i gni ficant devia tions" G able 

### Q) . On -farm as sess ments were co nducted at rando m acro ss a ran ge of farm s i zes with abo ut 25 % of g ro wers identified as " s mall grow ers " p lanting le ss than 250 acres with co m . Th e data s ho w th at " sma ll g rowers " ( 86%) are abo ut as c omp l iant wit h r efuge req uire m ent s as " large r g rowers " (9 1 % ) . In 2006 , 6 1 growe rs were fo und, v ia th e o n-farm asses s ment pro cess , to b e o ut of co mp l iance w ith the I RM program . Of th e s e gro wers , 45 de via ted s ig ni fica ntly f rom the req uireme nt s and were re sp onded to wi th t he Ph ased C o m p l ian ce A pproac h , wh ic h in cl udes r ea sse s sme nt the fo llowin g yea r . No g rowers we re fo und to b e o ut o f c omp li ance du ring the 2 007 rea ss e ssm ent. S ome of t ho se growe rs that we re r eas s es s ed for com p liance di d n o t farm o r p l ant B t co m in 2 007 . 

### 2008 Data : In 2008, the o n - farm re assess men ts revealed that 86 % of th e growers comp lied with refuge requirements and that 1 4 % were out of compliance . Th e data s ugges t that the l evel of compliance w as c omparable between s mall growers ( 82 %) and larger growers ( 88 %) in 2 008 . ABS TC report s th at 86 growers had s ignificant deviat ions, while 36 had ins ignificant deviati ons . O f the 1 10 grower s found to be out of c omp l iance fo r stacked B t com i n 200 7. seve nty-seve n met the ' signi ficant devi atio ns' category . None of th ose g rowe rs reasse sse d in 2008 h ad the techno logy re voked ; a s m all po rt io n o f g rower s wh o were o ut of co mpliance i n 200 7 did not fa nn o r p lant B t c om any longer . Tab le 6. Cu mulative Re sults of t he F i rst T ime O n-Fa rm S tacked Br C orn As sessment ' ( D ata f or 2006-20 08l 2006 2007 2 008 G rowers a ssessed 6 00 1069 1799 Refuge d istance 5 1 z 

### N/ A N / A devia tions Re fuse size deviations 8 

### N / A N/ A Sl an iflcan t dev ia ti ons 4 5 (7.5 % 77 7 .2%) 86 ' I nslonifica n t deviations 16 33 ( 3. 1 % 36'**a n** r owers 53 9 ( 89 . 8 % 9 59 89 . 7% 1 546 (8 5 .9% Non-comnlta n t er owers 6 1 (10 . 2 % 110 ( 10.3% 2 53 14.1 %) T a ble adapted fr om pa ge 12 o f M RlD 4 704-t4 -0 1 1 So me gro w er s had com pliance: de viations o ther th an re fuge size o r d istance; thus, th e total o f refuge distance and s ize d eviations docs no t equal the numbe r o f non-compliant gro w ers . aSigni ficant dev iations are defined as: A Bt co m gro wer who p l anted less than 1 5% n on - B I co m r efuge (except i n certai n cotton gro wing ar eas i n .....hich case: it would be less th an.fO% non - BI co m refuge); or p lanted f e we r than 213 of the B I com fields are p lanted w ithin 2 mile o f a non - B t c o m re fuge . • The n umbers o f devi at i ons to not add up to the 2 5 3 non-c c mpnam cases re poned.



### - 1 9 -BPPD Rev iew (2 007) : G rowers w ho p lanted s tacked 8/ co m hybrid s in 2007 were approximately equall y co mpliant ( 8 90A») as grower s who planted c orn borer-p rotected 

### Bt com hyb rids ( 91%) and coleopteran -protected 

### Bt com h ybrids ( 90%). It is u nclear from the data provided in 2007 whethe r co mpliance dev iation s were mo re commo n fo r refuge d istance th an for refuge s ize . Thi s i nformation was n ot provided by ABSTC for 2007 . B PPD re c onun ends that t his i nformation i s o nce m ore included in fu ture CAP reports . BPPD R eview ( 2008) : Co mpliance wi th stacked Lepidopte ran an d Co leopteran p rotected B t products ap peared to 

### be s lightly lower in 20 08 co mpared to 20 06 and 2 007; th e number o f non- c ompli ant gro wers ha s i ncrea sed. BPPD not es th at th e numb er of s ignificant and non- signifi cant d eviations ( 86 an d 36, respectively) did not add up to th e report ed numb er of non-c ompliant g rowers (253) . 

### It i s uncl ear at this p oint w hat the co rrect num bers wer e for 2008 . B PPD req uests that co rrected o n -f arm r esults for stac ked c om PIP s b e s ubmitted . Res ults for all o n-farm ass ess ments , s ingle Lepidopteran , s ingle Coleopte ran, a nd s tacked EC B /C RW p rotected p roducts, s uggest that co mpliance wa s e qually hi gh am ong growe rs in dependent of the co m PIP s p lanted . This i s in d irect con tradiction to w hat the results of onli ne s urveys convey . Fo r o nline s urvey re s ults . r efu ge comp liance ( size and distance ) fo r s tacked P IPs and coleopteran P IPs i s s i milar but in the 70 m and 60 m pe rcentile s. while compliance for ECB P IP s i s h igher. It is unclear why there is a di screpancy between on -farm and

.online s urvey results . Part of this dev iation between survey results could be due to the change in s urvey methodology (s wi tch from phone to on -line s urveys). I t i s u nclear from the data provi ded i n 2008 whe ther comp liance devia tions we re m ore co mmon for refu ge d istance th an fo r refuge s ize. This info rmation h as n ot be en provide d b y A BSTC since 2007 . BP PD r ecommends th at th is information is once m ore reported in futu re C A P reports. . 

### 3. Tips an d 

### Compla ints 2 007 Dat a: In 2 007, the registrants received 14 " tips and co mplaint s." An y l egitimate tip s an d co mplaints we re m anaged in a ccordance w ith th e Co mpliance As sess ment P rogram. A ny g rower found to be o ut of co mpliance base d on a leg itimate t ips an d com plaint received an o n-farm IRM vis it . If th ere we re any growers f ound to be o ut of co mpliance du ring the vi si t t hen th ese growers we re responded to 

### in a manner co nsistent with the P hased Compliance App roach . There were no leg itimate tip s and comp laints r eported in 200 3 or 2004 . Co mplia nce wi th J R."I r equ ir ements 

## c b le 7 . Anony mous Tips a nd o mel atnts a bout No n- Year Number of Tips and Com plaints 2008 5 2007 14 2006 3 2005 5 2004 0 2003 0 Ta

- 20-BPPD Rev iew (200 712008): EPA h as req uired that the re gi stran ts have a "ti ps an d comp l aints" s ys te m as a mec hanis m f or individua l s 

### ( e.g. gro we rs, sa les r ep rese n ta ti v e s , e tc . ) to re port a ll eged ins tances o f lRM n o n co mpl i anc e to th em ( see E PA 200 1) . S uch a s yst em w as devel oped b y the AB STC -IRM Su bc omm itte e . The program w as i mpl e mented fo r the fi rs t fu ll- s e aso n in 2 003 . 

### It a llows eac h re g i s trant to d evel op a tip s and c o mp lai nts' s ys tem th a t i s co mpatible wi th their busi ne ss o p era tion s .. ." The re gi s trant s h ave d eveloped m ech a ni sms ( e . g., c us tom e r s ervic e n umber s) to rec eive all eged i nstan ces of n on - c omp li anc e wi th th e JRM r e quirem ent s. T h e ti p s an d co mplaint s n um ber i s publ icized t hro u gh a v ariet y o f I RM co mmun i cat i ons m e chan i sms 

### (e .g. t echnical bu ll etins , g rower g uide s, letter s, s e ed cat a l og s , n ew s letter s, e tc.) . Th ere w ere no legitim at e tip s a nd co mplain t s in 2 0 03 or 2 004 ; h owever , th ere w ere fiv e le gitimat e t ip s a nd co mplaint s in 2005 , thre e in 2 00 6 , a nd 14 i n 2007 . Eac h of th e se gr owe r s id entifi ed t hrou g h th e tip s an d co mp lai n ts m echani sm we re v is ite d as part o f the 

### o n-farm a ssess ment pro g ram . 

### It i s n o t po ss i ble to d ete rmine wh ether an y of th e n on -c o mplian t g ro w e rs id entifi ed v ia th e tip s and complain ts rou te w e re s ub jec t to th e Ph ase d Co m pli ance Approac h . 

### It a ppears tha t th e T ip s an d Complaints p rog ram was prope rly imple me nted in 2 007 . 

### 4 . Publiciz ing the 

### C omplianc e A ssura n ce Prog ram The re gis tr ants pu blicize th e C A P, i ncluding the Ph ased Co mpliance App roach as part o f eac h of t hei r g row e r educat ion p rograms , co m p any l itera tu r e, i n te rnal tr ainin g se ssio ns , an d me etin g s wi th g rowers an d d e a le rs . A BS TC m ember s a lso wo rk wit h t he N ation al Co m G rowe r s A ss ociatio n . The re gi s trant s w ork to pr ov ide the gr ower s a co n sis ten ce m e ssa ge a bou t co m p lianc e w ith I RM req u irement s. 

### 5 . B PP D C on cl ud in g State me nts B PPD co ncurs w ith ABST C th at th e ma j ority of farme r s c o mplied w ith th e refu g e re quirement s i n 2 007 a nd 20 0 8 and th at a p ortio n of n on - c ompli ant g rowe rs atte mpted to p lant a refuge a lth ough n ot l ar g e en ou gh in s iz e . H ow ev er , the num ber o f s ignific an t d eviation s repo n ed fro m th e o n-farm ass es s m e nt s in cr e as ed f or s in gle lepi d o p te ran as we ll as c o m ro o t wonn pro te cted c o m pr oduct s in 2 007 an d 2 008 . Th e o n l ine port i o n s o f th e su rvey a lso ind icate d a d ecli ne i n aw are n ess of r efu ge requ ir ements for co m ro otwonn an d stacked pr oducts b ut n ot f or s ing le E C B prot ected Bt produ cts . Furthermo re, BPPD n ote s th at th e ov erall complian ce with refu g e r eq u ir ement s ap pear s t o h ave declin ed f or s ingle and stacked co m P IP s compare d t o prior y e ars in 2 007 . Li ke AB STC, BPPO que s tion s i f so me of the n on-compliance m ay be d ue to chan ging the m ethodo logy o f s urvey s, name ly s wi tch i n g part of th e ph o ne s urvey s to o nline s urve ys. BP PO reco mmen ds th a t ABST C i nve s tigat e thi s fu n h e r an d look a t th e di stri b ution o f n on-co mpliance to se e i f n on -c om pliance i s random l y o r n on-random ly d i stri buted ac ross th e r e gions . Th e laner c ou ld ind ica te that the r e m a y h ave be en a high er d e g re e o f n o n- comp li an ce ; th e f orm er co u ld ind ic a te th at the i ncre ase i n n onco mp li an ce w as in fluen ced b y th e c hange i n t he s urv ey' s me tho d o logy . B PPO r ec ommen d s , a s
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### stated seve ral time s throughout thi s rev iew , th at ABST C break down the compliance report f or e ach geographi c region o f i nterest as was done bef ore 2007 . Thi s allow s BPPD as well as ABST C to as sess whether or not non -compliance is a l ocal/regional phenomen on . It 

### al so alert s ABST C and BPPD to potential h ot s pots o f re s i s tance and where m onitoring for re sistance co uld f ocus .



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### III. REFERENCES Lance Bailey . 

### 2 008 .2 007 I n s ect Re si stance M anagem ent Co mplian ce A s surance Repo rt f or Com B o rer -Protected B t Co m, Co m R oot wo nn- Protected 8t c om. and C om B orer / C om R ootworm Protected Stacked Bt Co m . U npublis h ed report s ubmitted by A BST C t o the Agenc y . M RID 4 73 3 9 6-0 1 Lance B ailey . 

### 2009 . 2008 In sect R e s i s tance Management Co mpl iance As su ranc e R eport fo r Co m Bo rer-Protected 8t Co m. C o rn R ootwo nn-P rotected B t co m , an d Co m B orer / C om Roo two rmPro tected S tacked Bt Co m . U npublished rep ort s ub mitt ed b y AB STC to t he Age ncy . MRID 4 76633-01 U . S. E nviro nme nta l Protection Ag ency (EP A) 2 001. B iopesticides R egistration Ac tion D o cum ent : 

### Ba cillus th uringiensis Plant -In c orpor ated Prot ectant s ( 10/16 / 01), p osted at h U p :// www . e pa . gov/ p e s t ic id e slb io pe s ticide s/pip slb t _b rad . h tm .



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### APPENDIX : Phase C ompliance App roach (PCA) The ABST C • IRM S uhc o nun ittee has devel oped a s tandard s et of procedure s ( Table 8) kn own as the Phased C o mplian c e Appro ach ( pe A)
. The p eA requ ire s that regi strants take s pe ci fic 

### ac t io ns (primaril y. rem edial grower educ ation and then l o s s o f acce ss to the te chnology if 

### an indi vidua l grower i s f ound to h ave s ignifican t d eviation s i n two c onsec utive y ears ) fo r non

### co mpliant growers ide ntified thr ough the o n-farm as sess ment program . The p eA 

### propo ses to s u s pend sa les to ind ividual g rowers fo r o ne year afte r two y ears of si gn i fic ant deviation s. 

### Fo ll owi ng the o ne-year s u s pen s i o n. growe rs may b e re-q u alified to purcha se s eed s. Tab le 8. P hased C omp lia n ce App roach (PCA) Mandatory Respo nses Additional R esponses Significant Deviations 

## • IRM e ducat ion 

## • Invoice monito ring 

## • Warnin g J ett er 

## • C o mp liance as s is tance c o ntact pr ior to 

## • Techn ica l as s istance p lantin g 

## • Co mp lianc e assess me nt c ont a ct f or th e 

## • Gro wer I RM tra inin g f o llowing grow i ng seaso n 

### • Deny acc e ss to th e S t c o m produ ct for 

## • Reaffi nn ation o f IRM an y sign i ficant d e v ia tion tw o y ears in a o bli gati ons row 

## • Den y acc ess to the B t c om Other Deviation s 

## • IRM ed ucatio n product f o r oth er de via t ions 

## • Letter an d/o r c o mplianc e assis tanc e th at are repe ated o ver a c onta ct pri or to p lantin g pe riod of ye ars. 

## • Com pli ance ass ess men t con tact in th e fo llowin g gro w i ng s eas on



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