Mt An 4  (3-99)
 
 
 
Hogs and Pigs
 
 
National
Agricultural
Statistics
Service
 
 
 
 
USDA
Washington, D.C.
 
 
Released March 26, 1999, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS),
Agricultural Statistics Board, U.S. Department of Agriculture.  For information
on "Hogs and Pigs" call Greg Matli at 202-720-3106, office hours 7:00 a.m. to
4:30 p.m. ET.
 
 
 
               U.S. Hog  Inventory Down 1 Percent
 
U.S. inventory of all hogs and pigs on March 1, 1999, was 59.9 million head.
This was 1 percent below March 1998, and 4 percent below December 1, 1998.
 
Breeding inventory, at 6.53 million head, was down 6 percent from March 1, 1998
and  down 2 percent from December 1, 1998.  Market hog inventory, at 53.3
million head, was slightly above last year, but 4 percent below last quarter.
 
 
 
 
The December 1998-February 1999 U.S. pig crop, at 25.3 million head, was 1
percent less than 1998, but 9 percent more than 1997.  Sows farrowing during
this period totaled 2.89 million head, 1 percent below last year.  The sows
farrowed during this quarter represented 43 percent of the breeding herd.  The
average pigs per litter rose to an average of 8.73 pigs saved per litter for
the December-February period, compared to 8.70 pigs last year.  Pigs saved per
litter by size of operation ranged from 7.60 for operations with 1-99 hogs to
8.90 for operations with more than 5,000 hogs and pigs.
 
U.S. hog producers intend to have 2.88 million sows farrow during the March-May
1999 quarter, 7 percent below the actual farrowings during the same period in
1998 and 1 percent below 1997.  Intended farrowings for June-August 1999, at
2.84 million sows, are 7 percent below the same period last year and 4 percent
below 1997.
 
The total number of hogs under contract, owned by operations with over 5,000
head, but raised by contractees, accounted for 30 percent of the total U.S. hog
inventory.
 
                             Revisions
 
All inventory and pig crop estimates for March 1998 through December 1998 were
reviewed using final pig crop, official slaughter, import, and export data in
U.S. level balance sheets.  Based on the findings of this review, small
adjustments of less than one half percent were made to the inventory level for
December 1.  Adjustments of less than one half percent were made to pig crops
for September-November.
 
 
This report was approved on March 26, 1999.
 
 
                       Acting Secretary of
                           Agriculture
                         Michael V. Dunn
 
 
                  Agricultural Statistics Board
                           Chairperson
                           Rich Allen
 
 
 
 
            Hogs and Pigs:  Inventory Number by Class, Weight Group,
                     and Quarter, United States, 1997-99 1/
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                        :             :             :             :1999 as % of
          Item          :    1997     :    1998     :    1999     :-------------
                        :             :             :             : 1997 : 1998
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                        :   ----------- 1,000 Head -----------        Percent
                        :
March 1 Inventory       :
  All Hogs and Pigs     :   55,049        60,163        59,851      109     99
    Kept for Breeding   :    6,637         6,942         6,527       98     94
    Market              :   48,412        53,220        53,323      110    100
                        :
  Market Hogs and Pigs  :
   by Weight Groups     :
    Under 60 Pounds     :   18,490        20,192        19,804      107     98
    60-119 Pounds       :   11,627        12,791        12,764      110    100
    120-179 Pounds      :    9,858        10,774        10,970      111    102
    180 Pounds and Over :    8,437         9,464         9,786      116    103
                        :
June 1 Inventory        :
  All Hogs and Pigs     :   57,366        62,213
    Kept for Breeding   :    6,789         6,958
    Market              :   50,577        55,254
                        :
  Market Hogs and Pigs  :
   by Weight Groups     :
    Under 60 Pounds     :   19,988        21,482
    60-119 Pounds       :   12,574        13,711
    120-179 Pounds      :   10,002        11,084
    180 Pounds and Over :    8,013         8,978
                        :
September 1 Inventory   :
  All Hogs and Pigs     :   60,456        63,488
    Kept for Breeding   :    6,858         6,875
    Market              :   53,598        56,612
                        :
  Market Hogs and Pigs  :
   by Weight Groups     :
    Under 60 Pounds     :   20,662        21,189
    60-119 Pounds       :   13,388        14,032
    120-179 Pounds      :   10,673        11,555
    180 Pounds and Over :    8,875         9,837
                        :
December 1 Inventory    :
  All Hogs and Pigs     :   61,158        62,206
    Kept for Breeding   :    6,957         6,682
    Market              :   54,200        55,523
                        :
  Market Hogs and Pigs  :
   by Weight Groups     :
    Under 60 Pounds     :   20,237        20,140
    60-119 Pounds       :   13,319        13,631
    120-179 Pounds      :   11,188        11,585
    180 Pounds and Over :    9,457        10,168
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1/  May not add due to rounding.
 
 
 
 
           Farrowings:  Number of Sows, Pig Crop and Pigs Per Litter,
                            United States, 1997-99 1/
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                   :              :              :              : 1999 as % of
        Item       :     1997     :     1998     :     1999     :---------------
                   :              :              :              : 1997  : 1998
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                   :    ------------ 1,000 Head ------------         Percent
                   :
Sows Farrowing     :
  Dec-Feb 2/       :     2,684          2,929          2,892       108      99
  Mar-May 3/       :     2,911          3,086          2,879        99      93
  Dec-May 2/ 4/    :     5,595          6,014          5,771       103      96
                   :
  Jun-Aug 3/       :     2,946          3,054          2,841        96      93
  Sep-Nov          :     2,939          2,993
  Jun-Nov          :     5,884          6,047
                   :
Pig Crop           :
  Dec-Feb 2/       :    23,164         25,480         25,250       109      99
  Mar-May          :    25,229         26,989
  Dec-May 2/       :    48,394         52,469
                   :
  Jun-Aug          :    25,696         26,634
  Sep-Nov          :    25,494         25,902
  Jun-Nov          :    51,190         52,535
                   :
                   :      ------------- Number -------------         Percent
Pigs per Litter    :
  Dec-Feb 2/       :      8.63           8.70           8.73       101     100
  Mar-May          :      8.67           8.75
  Dec-May 2/       :      8.65           8.72
                   :
  Jun-Aug          :      8.72           8.72
  Sep-Nov          :      8.67           8.65
  Jun-Nov          :      8.70           8.69
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1/  May not add due to rounding.
2/  December preceding year.
3/  Intentions for 1999.
4/  Actual farrowings for December-February 1999 plus intentions for March-May
    1999.
 
 
 
 
         Pigs per Litter:  By Size of Operation, United States, 1998-99
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
              :              Pigs per Litter on Operations Having
              :-----------------------------------------------------------------
   Pig Crop   :  1-99   : 100-499  : 500-999  :1,000-1,999:2,000-4,999: 5,000+
              :  Head   :   Head   :   Head   :   Head    :   Head    :  Head
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
              :                             Number
              :
1998          :
Dec-Feb 1/    :  7.10       7.90       8.30       8.50        8.80       8.90
Mar-May       :  7.40       8.10       8.40       8.50        8.80       9.00
Jun-Aug       :  7.30       8.10       8.40       8.60        8.80       8.90
Sep-Nov       :  7.70       8.00       8.20       8.50        8.70       8.90
              :
1999          :
Dec-Feb 1/    :  7.60       8.10       8.20       8.40        8.70       8.90
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1/  December preceding year.
 
 
 
 
       Monthly Farrowings:  Number of Sows, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop,
                   United States December-November 1998-99 1/
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        :    Sows Farrowing     :    Pigs per Litter    :       Pig Crop
  Month :-----------------------------------------------------------------------
        :   1998    :   1999    :   1998    :   1999    :   1998    :   1999
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        :  --- 1,000 Head --        ---- Number ----       --- 1,000 Head ---
        :
Dec 1/  :     940        940        8.71        8.73         8,190      8,205
Jan     :     995        975        8.72        8.72         8,675      8,505
Feb     :     994        977        8.67        8.74         8,615      8,540
Mar     :   1,010                   8.69                     8,780
Apr     :   1,040                   8.80                     9,150
May     :   1,036                   8.74                     9,059
Jun     :   1,050                   8.74                     9,175
Jul     :   1,014                   8.73                     8,850
Aug     :     990                   8.70                     8,609
Sep     :   1,023                   8.70                     8,905
Oct     :   1,000                   8.60                     8,597
Nov     :     970                   8.66                     8,400
        :
Total   :  12,062                   8.71                   105,005
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1/  December preceding year.
 
 
 
 
              Hogs and Pigs:  Breeding, Market, and Total Inventory
                 by State and United States, March 1, 1998-99 1/
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        :       Breeding        :        Market         :         Total
        :-----------------------------------------------------------------------
        :       :     1999      :       :     1999      :       :     1999
  State :       :---------------:       :---------------:       :---------------
        : 1998  :       :as % of: 1998  :       :as % of: 1998  :       :as % of
        :       :Number : 1998  :       :Number : 1998  :       :Number : 1998
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        :   1,000 Head   Percent   1,000 Head    Percent   1,000 Head    Percent
        :
AR      :   110     110    100      700     625     89      810     735     91
GA      :    70      70    100      420     420    100      490     490    100
IL      :   550     470     85    4,150   3,880     93    4,700   4,350     93
IN      :   470     420     89    3,580   3,380     94    4,050   3,800     94
IA      : 1,300   1,220     94   12,800  13,380    105   14,100  14,600    104
KS      :   195     165     85    1,305   1,365    105    1,500   1,530    102
KY      :    70      65     93      490     405     83      560     470     84
MI      :   130     110     85      870     880    101    1,000     990     99
MN      :   630     590     94    5,070   5,010     99    5,700   5,600     98
MO      :   440     400     91    2,960   2,650     90    3,400   3,050     90
NE      :   430     420     98    3,020   2,880     95    3,450   3,300     96
NC      : 1,050   1,000     95    8,450   8,500    101    9,500   9,500    100
OH      :   210     195     93    1,440   1,455    101    1,650   1,650    100
OK      :   260     290    112    1,510   1,750    116    1,770   2,040    115
PA      :   120     120    100      980     980    100    1,100   1,100    100
SD      :   150     130     87    1,100   1,190    108    1,250   1,320    106
WI      :   105      85     81      625     585     94      730     670     92
        :
Oth     :
 Sts 2/ :   652     667    102    3,750   3,988    106    4,403   4,656    106
        :
US      : 6,942   6,527     94   53,220  53,323    100   60,163  59,851     99
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1/  May not add due to rounding.
2/  Individual State estimates not available for the 33 other States.
 
 
 
 
            Market Hogs and Pigs:  Inventory Number by Weight Group,
                  State, and United States, March 1, 1998-99 1/
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        :      Under      :     60-119      :     120-179     :    180 Lbs.
        :     60 Lbs.     :      Lbs.       :      Lbs.       :    and Over
  State :-----------------------------------------------------------------------
        :  1998  :  1999  :  1998  :  1999  :  1998  :  1999  :  1998  :  1999
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        :                              1,000 Head
        :
AR      :    220      220      175      155      155      135     150      115
GA      :    170      170      105      105       85       80      60       65
IL      :  1,510    1,380      980      890      930      870     730      740
IN      :  1,370    1,290      900      800      700      690     610      600
IA      :  4,200    4,300    3,400    3,380    2,750    2,950   2,450    2,750
KS      :    540      515      250      280      235      255     280      315
KY      :    200      170      115      100      100       75      75       60
MI      :    290      280      220      225      195      190     165      185
MN      :  1,960    1,960    1,240    1,230    1,020      990     850      830
MO      :  1,370    1,170      640      650      540      500     410      330
NE      :  1,220    1,140      750      750      570      550     480      440
NC      :  3,350    3,400    1,930    1,950    1,670    1,750   1,500    1,400
OH      :    640      580      310      355      300      310     190      210
OK      :    610      700      260      330      210      270     430      450
PA      :    355      340      260      250      220      210     145      180
SD      :    390      410      280      310      240      240     190      230
WI      :    250      210      145      135      120      130     110      110
        :
Oth     :
 Sts 2/ :  1,547    1,569      831      869      734      775     639      776
        :
US      : 20,192   19,804   12,791   12,764   10,774   10,970   9,464    9,786
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1/  Weight groups may not add to Market due to rounding.
2/  Individual State estimates not available for the 33 other States.
 
 
 
 
              Hogs and Pigs:  Breeding, Market, and Total Inventory
                 by State and United States, June 1, 1997-98 1/
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        :       Breeding        :        Market         :         Total
        :-----------------------------------------------------------------------
        :       :     1998      :       :     1998      :       :     1998
  State :       :---------------:       :---------------:       :---------------
        : 1997  :       :as % of: 1997  :       :as % of: 1997  :       :as % of
        :       :Number : 1997  :       :Number : 1997  :       :Number : 1997
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        :   1,000 Head   Percent   1,000 Head    Percent   1,000 Head    Percent
        :
AR      :   115     110     96      775     680     88      890     790     89
GA      :    75      70     93      515     430     83      590     500     85
IL      :   550     580    105    3,900   4,420    113    4,450   5,000    112
IN      :   440     470    107    3,110   3,730    120    3,550   4,200    118
IA      : 1,270   1,300    102   11,230  13,500    120   12,500  14,800    118
KS      :   195     190     97    1,285   1,280    100    1,480   1,470     99
KY      :    70      65     93      500     455     91      570     520     91
MI      :   130     130    100      890   1,000    112    1,020   1,130    111
MN      :   620     640    103    4,780   5,260    110    5,400   5,900    109
MO      :   455     410     90    3,045   2,890     95    3,500   3,300     94
NE      :   445     430     97    3,155   3,020     96    3,600   3,450     96
NC      : 1,000   1,050    105    8,700   8,750    101    9,700   9,800    101
OH      :   200     220    110    1,300   1,480    114    1,500   1,700    113
OK      :   210     260    124    1,290   1,610    125    1,500   1,870    125
PA      :   115     120    104      905     980    108    1,020   1,100    108
SD      :   165     140     85    1,005   1,210    120    1,170   1,350    115
WI      :   130     100     77      640     620     97      770     720     94
        :
Oth     :
 Sts 2/ :   604     673    112    3,552   3,939    111    4,156   4,613    111
        :
US      : 6,789   6,958    102   50,577  55,254    109   57,366  62,213    108
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1/  May not add due to rounding.
2/  Individual State estimates not available for the 33 other States.
 
 
 
 
            Market Hogs and Pigs:  Inventory Number by Weight Group,
                  State, and United States, June 1, 1997-98 1/
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        :      Under      :     60-119      :     120-179     :    180 Lbs.
        :     60 Lbs.     :      Lbs.       :      Lbs.       :    and Over
  State :-----------------------------------------------------------------------
        :  1997  :  1998  :  1997  :  1998  :  1997  :  1998  :  1997  :  1998
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        :                              1,000 Head
        :
AR      :    240      250      180      165      205      145     150      120
GA      :    200      165      130      120      110       90      75       55
IL      :  1,570    1,750      970    1,080      780      900     580      690
IN      :  1,140    1,380      770      980      640      780     560      590
IA      :  4,290    4,630    3,100    3,710    2,170    2,860   1,670    2,300
KS      :    545      525      285      285      230      240     225      230
KY      :    195      185      120      110      105       90      80       70
MI      :    400      450      185      220      180      190     125      140
MN      :  1,850    2,050    1,210    1,330      990    1,050     730      830
MO      :  1,430    1,450      665      590      550      510     400      340
NE      :  1,320    1,240      800      790      570      560     465      430
NC      :  3,350    3,450    2,170    2,130    1,830    1,770   1,350    1,400
OH      :    600      660      320      350      240      290     140      180
OK      :    470      610      210      300      200      220     410      480
PA      :    330      355      230      260      195      215     150      150
SD      :    420      455      250      295      180      255     155      205
WI      :    280      245      135      160      115      120     110       95
        :
Oth     :
 Sts 2/ :  1,358    1,632      844      836      712      799     638      673
        :
US      : 19,988   21,482   12,574   13,711   10,002   11,084   8,013    8,978
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1/  Weight groups may not add to Market due to rounding.
2/  Individual State estimates not available for the 33 other States.
 
 
 
 
              Hogs and Pigs:  Breeding, Market, and Total Inventory
               by State and United States, September 1, 1997-98 1/
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        :       Breeding        :        Market         :         Total
        :-----------------------------------------------------------------------
        :       :     1998      :       :     1998      :       :     1998
  State :       :---------------:       :---------------:       :---------------
        : 1997  :       :as % of: 1997  :       :as % of: 1997  :       :as % of
        :       :Number : 1997  :       :Number : 1997  :       :Number : 1997
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        :   1,000 Head   Percent   1,000 Head    Percent   1,000 Head    Percent
        :
AR      :   115     110     96      795     690     87      910     800     88
GA      :    65      65    100      505     415     82      570     480     84
IL      :   530     540    102    4,070   4,310    106    4,600   4,850    105
IN      :   450     450    100    3,400   3,650    107    3,850   4,100    106
IA      : 1,350   1,290     96   12,750  14,210    111   14,100  15,500    110
KS      :   205     180     88    1,345   1,370    102    1,550   1,550    100
KY      :    70      65     93      500     455     91      570     520     91
MI      :   130     120     92      970     950     98    1,100   1,070     97
MN      :   630     650    103    4,970   5,350    108    5,600   6,000    107
MO      :   435     420     97    3,115   2,930     94    3,550   3,350     94
NE      :   435     420     97    3,115   2,980     96    3,550   3,400     96
NC      : 1,000   1,050    105    8,900   9,250    104    9,900  10,300    104
OH      :   200     210    105    1,350   1,540    114    1,550   1,750    113
OK      :   215     290    135    1,385   1,690    122    1,600   1,980    124
PA      :   120     115     96      980     985    101    1,100   1,100    100
SD      :   160     130     81    1,060   1,170    110    1,220   1,300    107
WI      :   135      95     70      665     605     91      800     700     88
        :
Oth     :
 Sts 2/ :   613     675    110    3,723   4,062    109    4,336   4,738    109
        :
US      : 6,858   6,875    100   53,598  56,612    106   60,456  63,488    105
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1/  May not add due to rounding.
2/  Individual State estimates not available for the 33 other States.
 
 
 
 
            Market Hogs and Pigs:  Inventory Number by Weight Group,
                State, and United States, September 1, 1997-98 1/
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        :      Under      :     60-119      :     120-179     :    180 Lbs.
        :     60 Lbs.     :      Lbs.       :      Lbs.       :    and Over
  State :-----------------------------------------------------------------------
        :  1997  :  1998  :  1997  :  1998  :  1997  :  1998  :  1997  :  1998
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        :                              1,000 Head
        :
AR      :    265      230      190      180      195      150     145      130
GA      :    195      165      130      105      110       85      70       60
IL      :  1,540    1,540      970    1,050      820      930     740      790
IN      :  1,250    1,330      860      880      680      790     610      650
IA      :  4,300    4,560    3,650    4,050    2,650    3,000   2,150    2,600
KS      :    590      575      265      290      255      235     235      270
KY      :    195      185      120      110      105       90      80       70
MI      :    340      300      260      250      200      195     170      205
MN      :  2,020    2,110    1,250    1,380      940    1,060     760      800
MO      :  1,440    1,300      670      680      520      550     485      400
NE      :  1,350    1,300      760      720      580      540     425      420
NC      :  3,500    3,620    2,160    2,120    1,850    1,920   1,390    1,590
OH      :    610      680      330      360      250      310     160      190
OK      :    490      650      250      300      230      270     415      470
PA      :    370      350      260      255      205      215     145      165
SD      :    430      380      260      280      200      290     170      220
WI      :    280      240      150      140      125      120     110      105
        :
Oth     :
 Sts 2/ :  1,497    1,674      853      882      758      805     615      702
        :
US      : 20,662   21,189   13,388   14,032   10,673   11,555   8,875    9,837
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1/  Weight groups may not add to Market due to rounding.
2/  Individual State estimates not available for the 33 other States.
 
 
 
 
              Hogs and Pigs:  Breeding, Market, and Total Inventory
               by State and United States, December 1, 1997-98 1/
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        :       Breeding        :        Market         :         Total
        :-----------------------------------------------------------------------
        :       :     1998      :       :     1998      :       :     1998
  State :       :---------------:       :---------------:       :---------------
        : 1997  :       :as % of: 1997  :       :as % of: 1997  :       :as % of
        :       :Number : 1997  :       :Number : 1997  :       :Number : 1997
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        :   1,000 Head   Percent   1,000 Head    Percent   1,000 Head    Percent
        :
AR      :   110     110    100      750     640     85      860     750     87
GA      :    70      70    100      450     410     91      520     480     92
IL      :   550     530     96    4,150   4,320    104    4,700   4,850    103
IN      :   460     450     98    3,490   3,600    103    3,950   4,050    103
IA      : 1,360   1,260     93   13,240  14,040    106   14,600  15,300    105
KS      :   200     170     85    1,330   1,420    107    1,530   1,590    104
KY      :    70      65     93      500     455     91      570     520     91
MI      :   130     120     92      900   1,000    111    1,030   1,120    109
MN      :   650     620     95    5,050   5,080    101    5,700   5,700    100
MO      :   440     400     91    3,110   2,900     93    3,550   3,300     93
NE      :   440     420     95    3,060   2,980     97    3,500   3,400     97
NC      : 1,000   1,000    100    8,600   8,700    101    9,600   9,700    101
OH      :   210     200     95    1,490   1,500    101    1,700   1,700    100
OK      :   240     280    117    1,410   1,640    116    1,650   1,920    116
PA      :   120     120    100      980     980    100    1,100   1,100    100
SD      :   160     130     81    1,240   1,270    102    1,400   1,400    100
WI      :   105      85     81      635     605     95      740     690     93
        :
Oth     :
 Sts 2/ :   642     652    102    3,815   3,983    104    4,458   4,636    104
        :
US      : 6,957   6,682     96   54,200  55,523    102   61,158  62,206    102
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1/  May not add due to rounding.
2/  Individual State estimates not available for the 33 other States.
 
 
 
 
            Market Hogs and Pigs:  Inventory Number by Weight Group,
                State, and United States, December 1, 1997-98 1/
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        :      Under      :     60-119      :     120-179     :    180 Lbs.
        :     60 Lbs.     :      Lbs.       :      Lbs.       :    and Over
  State :-----------------------------------------------------------------------
        :  1997  :  1998  :  1997  :  1998  :  1997  :  1998  :  1997  :  1998
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        :                              1,000 Head
        :
AR      :    295      200      165      165      155      150     135       125
GA      :    165      160      130      100      100       80      55        70
IL      :  1,580    1,550      980    1,050      840      920     750       800
IN      :  1,230    1,370      880      840      760      780     620       610
IA      :  4,370    4,400    3,650    3,700    2,780    3,120   2,440     2,820
KS      :    580      535      260      290      260      280     230       315
KY      :    200      185      120      110      105       90      75        70
MI      :    320      340      200      270      205      180     175       210
MN      :  1,990    2,020    1,270    1,270      990      960     800       830
MO      :  1,360    1,130      650      770      610      570     490       430
NE      :  1,180    1,165      800      780      640      600     440       435
NC      :  3,350    3,400    2,000    2,000    1,840    1,850   1,410     1,450
OH      :    650      590      340      370      320      330     180       210
OK      :    480      590      260      320      200      265     470       465
PA      :    360      340      260      255      210      210     150       175
SD      :    450      405      330      320      260      280     200       265
WI      :    240      215      155      130      125      130     115       130
        :
Oth     :
 Sts 2/ :  1,437    1,545      869      891      788      790     722       758
        :
US      : 20,237   20,140   13,319   13,631   11,188   11,585   9,457    10,168
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1/  Weight groups may not add to Market due to rounding.
2/  Individual State estimates not available for the 33 other States.
 
 
 
 
           Farrowings:  Number of Sows, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop
           by State and United States, December-February 1998-99 1/ 2/
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        :      Sows Farrowing      :                 :       Pig Crop 3/
        :--------------------------:      Pigs       :--------------------------
        :        :      1999       :   per Litter    :        :      1999
  State :        :-----------------------------------:        :-----------------
        :  1998  :        :as % of :        :        :  1998  :        :as % of
        :        : Number :  1998  :  1998  :  1999  :        : Number :  1998
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        :   1,000 Head     Percent    --- Number --       1,000 Head    Percent
        :
AR      :    56       56     100      8.50     8.40       476      470     99
GA      :    26       28     108      8.35     8.60       217      241    111
IL      :   225      210      93      8.60     8.70     1,935    1,827     94
IN      :   195      185      95      8.60     8.60     1,677    1,591     95
IA      :   520      480      92      8.70     8.70     4,524    4,176     92
KS      :    90       83      92      9.00     8.70       810      722     89
KY      :    31       30      97      8.40     8.65       260      260    100
MI      :    40       37      93      8.80     9.00       352      333     95
MN      :   260      255      98      8.95     8.95     2,327    2,282     98
MO      :   195      185      95      8.80     8.60     1,716    1,591     93
NE      :   165      165     100      8.50     8.55     1,403    1,411    101
NC      :   515      530     103      8.90     8.85     4,584    4,691    102
OH      :    89       86      97      8.50     8.50       757      731     97
OK      :   117      150     128      8.90     9.20     1,041    1,380    133
PA      :    47       47     100      8.60     8.70       404      409    101
SD      :    58       50      86      8.60     8.90       499      445     89
WI      :    42       37      88      8.20     8.35       344      309     90
        :
Oth     :
 Sts 4/ :   258      278     108      8.35     8.56     2,154    2,381    111
        :
US      : 2,929    2,892      99      8.70     8.73    25,480   25,250     99
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1/  May not add due to rounding.
2/  December preceding year.
3/  Number of pigs born December-February on hand March 1, or had been sold.
4/  Individual State estimates not available for the 33 States.
 
 
 
 
           Farrowings:  Number of Sows, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop
                by State and United States, March-May 1997-99 1/
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        :        Sows Farrowing         :               :      Pig Crop 2/
        :-------------------------------:     Pigs      :-----------------------
        :       :       :    1999 3/    :  per Litter   :       :     1998
  State :       :       :-------------------------------:       :---------------
        : 1997  : 1998  :       :as % of:       :       : 1997  :       :as % of
        :       :       :Number : 1998  : 1997  : 1998  :       :Number : 1997
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        : ----- 1,000 Head ----  Percent  -- Number --   ----- 1,000 Head ----
        :
AR      :    60      56      54     96    8.30    8.40      498     470     94
GA      :    30      25      28    112    8.35    8.40      251     210     84
IL      :   240     255     210     82    8.40    8.60    2,016   2,193    109
IN      :   180     195     175     90    8.40    8.70    1,512   1,697    112
IA      :   510     550     480     87    8.60    8.70    4,386   4,785    109
KS      :    90      90      80     89    9.20    8.90      828     801     97
KY      :    31      30      30    100    8.50    8.40      264     252     95
MI      :    55      53      53    100    8.40    8.90      462     472    102
MN      :   255     275     255     93    8.85    8.90    2,257   2,448    108
MO      :   200     195     180     92    8.90    8.90    1,780   1,736     98
NE      :   170     170     170    100    8.50    8.40    1,445   1,428     99
NC      :   515     540     530     98    8.90    8.90    4,584   4,806    105
OH      :    85      90      84     93    8.40    8.70      714     783    110
OK      :    87     129     140    109    9.50    9.10      827   1,174    142
PA      :    48      48      47     98    8.60    8.70      413     418    101
SD      :    70      65      60     92    8.40    8.70      588     566     96
WI      :    47      43      33     77    8.50    8.50      400     366     92
        :
Oth     :
 Sts 4/ :   238     277     270     98    8.42    8.61    2,004   2,384    119
        :
US      : 2,911   3,086   2,879     93    8.67    8.75   25,229  26,989    107
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1/  May not add due to rounding.
2/  Number of pigs born March-May that were still on hand June 1, or had been
    sold.
3/  Intentions.
4/  Individual State estimates not available for the 33 other States.
 
 
 
 
           Farrowings:  Number of Sows, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop
               by State and United States, June-August 1997-99 1/
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        :        Sows Farrowing         :               :      Pig Crop 2/
        :-------------------------------:     Pigs      :-----------------------
        :       :       :    1999 3/    :  per Litter   :       :     1998
  State :       :       :-------------------------------:       :---------------
        : 1997  : 1998  :       :as % of:       :       : 1997  :       :as % of
        :       :       :Number : 1998  : 1997  : 1998  :       :Number : 1997
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        : ----- 1,000 Head ----  Percent  -- Number --     1,000 Head    Percent
        :
AR      :    58      57      53     93    8.60    8.50      499     485     97
GA      :    29      25      29    116    8.40    8.45      244     211     86
IL      :   220     230     200     87    8.40    8.60    1,848   1,978    107
IN      :   190     190     175     92    8.40    8.65    1,596   1,644    103
IA      :   540     530     470     89    8.80    8.75    4,752   4,638     98
KS      :    95      92      80     87    9.20    8.70      874     800     92
KY      :    31      29      30    103    8.35    8.40      259     244     94
MI      :    54      52      42     81    8.70    8.90      470     463     99
MN      :   260     280     255     91    8.85    8.90    2,301   2,492    108
MO      :   195     195     180     92    8.90    8.70    1,736   1,697     98
NE      :   165     170     170    100    8.55    8.60    1,411   1,462    104
NC      :   515     550     530     96    8.90    8.80    4,584   4,840    106
OH      :    90      90      83     92    8.30    8.75      747     788    105
OK      :    98     134     140    104    9.40    9.10      921   1,219    132
PA      :    49      48      47     98    8.70    8.70      426     418     98
SD      :    68      57      50     88    8.50    8.70      578     496     86
WI      :    48      42      33     79    8.50    8.35      408     351     86
        :
Oth     :
 Sts 4/ :   241     283     274     97    8.47    8.51    2,042   2,408    118
        :
US      : 2,946   3,054   2,841     93    8.72    8.72   25,696  26,634    104
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1/  May not add due to rounding.
2/  Number of pigs born June-August on hand September 1, or had been sold.
3/  Intentions.
4/  Individual State estimates not available for the 33 States.
 
 
 
 
           Farrowings:  Number of Sows, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop
            by State and United States, September-November 1997-98 1/
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        :      Sows Farrowing      :                 :       Pig Crop 2/
        :--------------------------:      Pigs       :--------------------------
        :        :      1998       :   per Litter    :        :      1998
  State :        :-----------------------------------:        :-----------------
        :  1997  :        :as % of :        :        :  1997  :        :as % of
        :        : Number :  1997  :  1997  :  1998  :        : Number :  1997
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        :   1,000 Head     Percent    --- Number --       1,000 Head    Percent
        :
AR      :    55       56     102      8.40     8.50       462      476    103
GA      :    25       28     112      8.35     8.30       209      232    111
IL      :   240      235      98      8.40     8.60     2,016    2,021    100
IN      :   190      195     103      8.50     8.65     1,615    1,687    104
IA      :   520      510      98      8.60     8.70     4,472    4,437     99
KS      :    95       90      95      9.20     8.70       874      783     90
KY      :    31       30      97      8.35     8.50       259      255     98
MI      :    48       52     108      8.70     8.50       418      442    106
MN      :   260      265     102      8.90     8.85     2,314    2,345    101
MO      :   200      190      95      8.90     8.60     1,780    1,634     92
NE      :   165      175     106      8.50     8.50     1,403    1,488    106
NC      :   510      520     102      8.85     8.65     4,514    4,498    100
OH      :    90       90     100      8.60     8.60       774      774    100
OK      :    99      135     136      9.30     9.10       921    1,229    133
PA      :    48       46      96      8.70     8.90       418      409     98
SD      :    70       60      86      8.60     8.60       602      516     86
WI      :    43       39      91      8.30     8.25       357      322     90
        :
Oth     :
 Sts 3/ :   250      277     111      8.34     8.50     2,086    2,354    113
        :
US      : 2,939    2,993     102      8.67     8.65    25,494   25,902    102
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1/  May not add due to rounding.
2/  Number of pigs born September-November that were still on hand December 1 or
    had been sold.
3/  Individual State estimates not available for the 33 other States.
 
 
 
 
         Reliability of March 1 Hogs and Pigs Estimates
 
Survey Procedures:  A random sample of about 13,500 U.S. producers was surveyed
to provide data for these estimates.  Survey procedures ensured that all hog
and pig producers, regardless of size, had a chance to be included in the
survey.  Large producers were sampled more heavily than small operations.  Data
were collected from about 11,500 operations, 85 percent of the total sample,
during the first-half of March by mail, telephone, and face-to-face personal
interviews.  Regardless of when operations responded, they were asked to report
inventories as of March 1.
 
Estimation Procedures:  These hogs and pigs estimates were prepared by the
Agricultural Statistics Board after reviewing recommendations and analysis
submitted by each State office.  National and State survey data were reviewed
for reasonableness with each other and with estimates from past years using a
balance sheet.  The balance sheet begins with the previous inventory estimate,
adds to it estimates of births and imports, and subtracts estimates of
slaughter, exports, and deaths.  This indicated ending inventory level is
compared to the Agricultural Statistics Board estimate for reasonableness.
 
Revision Policy:  Revisions to previous estimates are made to improve quarter
to quarter relationships.  Estimates for the previous four quarters are subject
to revision when current estimates are made.  In December, estimates for all
quarters of the current and previous year are reviewed.  The reviews are
primarily based on hog check-off receipts and slaughter.  Estimates will also
be reviewed after data from the Department of Agriculture's five-year Census of
Agriculture are available.  No revisions will be made after that date.
 
Reliability:  Since all operations raising hogs are not included in the sample,
survey estimates are subject to sampling variability.  Survey results are also
subject to non-sampling errors such as omissions, duplication, and mistakes in
reporting, recording, and processing the data.  The affects of these errors
cannot be measured directly.  They are minimized through rigid quality controls
in the data collection process and through a careful review of all reported
data for consistency and reasonableness.
 
To assist users in evaluating the reliability of the estimates in this report,
the "Root Mean Square Error" is shown for selected items in the following
table. The "Root Mean  Square Error" is a statistical measure based on past
performance and is computed using the difference between first and final
estimates.  The "Root Mean Square Error" for hog inventory estimates over the
past 20 quarters is 2.0 percent.  This means that chances are 2 out of 3 that
the final estimate will not be above or below the current estimate of 59.9
million head by more than 2.0 percent, or about 1,197,000 head.  Chances are 9
out of 10 that the difference will not exceed 3.5 percent, or about 2,095,000
head (the 90 percent confidence level).
 
 
                     Reliability of March 1 Hog Estimates 1/
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
            :       :                 :   Difference Between    :   Quarters
            : Root  :       90%       :    First and Latest     :---------------
            : Mean  :   Confidence    :        Estimates        : First : First
    Item    :Square :      Level      :-------------------------: Above : Below
            : Error :                 :Average:Smallest:Largest :Latest :Latest
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
            :    Percent       ---------- 1,000 Head ---------       Number
            :
All Hogs &  :  2.0     3.5     2,095     883      47     2,820     10      10
 Pigs       :
            :
Pig Crop    :  2.1     3.6       909     410       6     1,009      7      13
            :
Expected    :
 Farrowings :
            :
Next        :  2.8     4.9       141      63       1       225     11       9
 Quarter    :
            :
Following   :  5.1     8.8       250     110      17       380     12       8
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1/  Based on quarterly records for the past 20 quarters.
 
 
 
 
 
                              Index
                                                               Page
 
Farrowings, Number of Sows, Pigs Per Litter, and Pig Crop,
  September-November, Quarterly States . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19
 
Farrowings, Number of Sows, Pigs Per Litter, and Pig Crop,
  March-May, Quarterly States. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17
 
Farrowings, Number of Sows, Pig Crop, and Pigs Per Litter, US. . . 5
 
Farrowings, Number of Sows, Pigs Per Litter, and Pig Crop,
  December-February, Quarterly States. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16
 
Farrowings, Number of Sows, Pigs Per Litter, and Pig Crop,
  June-August, Quarterly States. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18
 
Hogs and Pigs Inventory Number, by Quarter,  US. . . . . . . . . . 4
 
Inventory, Total and Breeding, Market Hogs, and Market Hogs,
  by Weight Groups, Quarterly States, September 1. . . . . . . . .12
 
Inventory, Total and Breeding, Market Hogs, and Market Hogs,
  by Weight Groups, Quarterly States, December 1 . . . . . . . . .14
 
Inventory, Total and Breeding, Market Hogs, and Market Hogs,
  by Weight Groups, Quarterly States, June 1 . . . . . . . . . . .10
 
Inventory, Total and Breeding, Market Hogs, and Market Hogs,
  by Weight Groups, Quarterly States, March 1. . . . . . . . . . . 8
 
Monthly Farrowings, Number of Sows, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop,
  December-November, US. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
 
Pigs per Litter by Size of Operation, US . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
 
Survey and Estimation Procedures, Revision Policy
  and Reliability. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20
 
 
The next "Hogs and Pigs" report will be released at 3 p.m. ET on June 25, 1999.
 
 
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