Bulletin No. 211 Series C, Systematic Geology and Paleontology, 62 

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

CHARLES D. WALCOTT, DIRECTOR

STRATIGRAPHY AND PALEONTOLOGY

OF THE

UPPER CARBONIFEROUS ROCKS

OF THE

KA.NS.A.S SECTION

GEORGE I. ADAMS, GEORGE H. GIRTY, AND DAVID WHITE

WASHINGTON

GOVERNMENT FEINTING OFFICE 

1903
Q \: 'i b
CON-TENTS.

Page. 

INTRODUCTION, BY GEORGE I. ADAMS.....--.....-.....-.......--.-.--.-.. 13

Present condition of reconnaissance work... --.._.._______.____ 13

Purpose of this report.___...----..------_.----__---_._...._..__ 14

Authority and acknowledgments .._..._.._.___-_.-_..-------- 14

STRATIGRAPHY OF THE REGION, BY GEORGE I. ADAMS-.__..____-..-_-._..-- 15

Methods and materials used in preparing this report _-----_-_____---_- 15

Method of mapping employed .-.--.-._.......---............. 15

Area mapped by Adams.. ------------------------------------ 15

Area mapped by Bennett. ..........^......................... 16

Area mapped by Beede. --_--------_---.--------------.-_--.-- 16

Method of correlation ......-----...--..-.....-_.----------... 16

Rules of nomenclature followed ...................1.......... 17

R6suni6 of previous publications --...-----------.----------------.-.- 17

General mapping of the divisions of the Carboniferous of Kansas.. 17 

1858, Hayden ................................................ 17

1862, Hayden .....'.........--...-'.--..- .............. 18

1872, Hayden...............-------------------.---------.--- 18

1877. Kedzie _.-.----.-.--.----------------.'.--------.------.- 19

1878. Mudge----.---_.-_,--.-.-----------'---------.---.----.- 19

1893, Hay........:.........---..----------------.----.--..... 20

1895, Williston............................................... 21

1899, Haworth............................................... 22

General map of the Carboniferous of northern Indian Territory _. _ 22 

1879, Drake.-...--.-...------.---..-----------.---------...-. 22

Previous detailed stratigraphic surveys and mapping---.-.-....... 23

1866, Swallow: preliminary report of the geological survey of 

i Kansas-------------------------------------------------..'- 23

1893, Hay: Fort Riley section................................. 24

1894 (January), Haworth, Kii'k, and Piatt: Report on field 

work in geology __.____.-----.---------.------.-------_-_-. 24

* ' 1894 (November), Prosser: Kansas River section of the PerrnoCarbonif erous and Permian rocks of Kansas ................ 25

1895 (April), Haworth: Stratigraphy of the Kansas Coal 

s Measures ---.---.--..--------.---------------..------------ 25

1895 (October and November), Prosser: Classification of the

Upper Paleozoic rocks of central Kansas ------.-.-.---.---.. 25

1895 (December), Haworth: Stratigraphy of the Kansas Coal

Measures ---------------------- ...................^-..-... 25

1896, Hay: Geology of Fort Riley Military Reservation........ 25

1896, Haworth and assistants: University Geological Survey of

Kansas, Volume I....'......-..............-...........-....-- 25

3
4 CONTENTS.

STRATIGRAPHY OF THE REGION, BY GEORGE I. ADAMS Continued. Page. 

Resum6 of previous publications Cpntinued.

Previous detailed stratigraphic surveys and mapping Continued.

1897. Prosser: Permian and Upper Carboniferous of southern

Kansas .-...-_---. ......................................... 26

1898. Beede: Stratigraphy of Shawnee County .---_____-__---. 26

1898. Hawbrth and Crane: University Geological Survey of

Kansas, Voltune III--------_-------------.__.-...-.-.---.-- 26

1899. Beede: On the correlation of the Coal Measures of Kansas

and Nebraska ..........'................................... 27

1900. Beede: Reconnaissances in the Blue Valley Permian..... 27

1901. Smith: Ge'ological map of Lyon County.................. 27

Outline of detailed stratigraphy, with preliminary faunal lists...-..-.- 27

Cherokee shales....--._--.--.-...-.--....--..-...._._......-----. 27

Definition and synonymy.--._._.._.-_------______..___.__-.__ 27

Character and extent ____.__.__-..._----_.-..____._____----.. 28

Coal beds in the Cherokee shales ..._..-----.................. 28

Preliminary faunal list. -..........-....._-................... 29

Fort Scott limestone .............................................. 29

Definition and synonymy -----_----_--_..._.................. 29

Character and extent ......:.................................. 30

Preliminary faunal lists. .......,^............ r-............... 30

Labette shales.......-----.......-...-----------.._--......-...-- 31

Definition and synonymy..................................... 31

Character and extent -.--.--.--.-....-.--_-..............--... 31

Preliminary faunal list....................................... 31

Pawnee limestone..--.-.-------.-.......--------.------.....--.... 32

Definition and synonymy..... ..........-................._... 32

Character and extent ......................................... 32

Preliniinary-faunal list...-..---...._---.-...............---.. 32

Bandera shales ..................................^................. 32

Definition and synonymy..... -. .....................'......... 32

Character and extent .......................................... 33

Parsons limestone.. --.-..--..-.-.---.. --.--------................ 33

Definition and synonymy..--.--..-.--.---..................;.. 33

Character and extent ......................................... 33

Preliminary faunal lists.. ^.-................................. 33

Dudley shales..--------..-.-------.----.--.--..----.--.....---.. . 34

Definition-and synonymy..-..'......-. ........................ 34

Character and extent .....---.-.--.--.--...................... 34

Herthalimestone ..-...-.-----.--...---..-....,-.-..........-.... 35

Definition and synonymy..................... .............._. 35

Character and extent --...-....-..--.---..-..........:....... 35

Preliminary faunal list.. ....-..^.............................. .36

Galesburg shales ..--..-.---..----..---..------..-............... 36

Definition and synonymy.--........--.-.................._... 36

Character and extent ...-.-.- .----.----..-................... 36

Dennis limestone -.---------------.---------------------------'.-- 36

Definition and synonymy..----_------------_._____......_..-. 36

Character and extent ........................................ 36

Preliminary faunal list .---.---...-.------...............--.. 37

Cherryvale shales --...---.-..---,----.-------...---.--.--..---.-. 37

Definition and synonymy...... ............................ . 37

Character and extent ..'. ^ .............................. -.... 37
CONTENTS. 5

STRATIGRAPHY OF THE REGION, BY GEORGE I. ADAMS Contimied. Page. 

Outline of detailed stratigraphy, with preliminary faunal lists Cont'd.

Drum limestone............................... .................. 37

Definition and synonymy...................................... 37

Character and extent........... ............................. 37

Preliminary faunal list .............^'........................ 38

Chanute shales ._.................-..-.---...-......---.--..-...- 38

Definition and synonymy..................................... 38

Character and extent .-..---.-.-..-..-..-...-................ 38

Earlton limestone ._.............---.--...--.-................... 39

Definition and synonymy..................................... 39

Character and extent .....-...---.-...--..--..---.---..-.----- 39

Preliminary fatinal list ........_.......................... ... t 39

Vilas shales ..................................................... 39

Definition and synonymy.........'............................ 39

Character and extent .-......_..-...................»...._... 39

lolalimestone ..............'.........:........................... 40

Definition and synonymy.......... .----.-.--...........-.--. 40

Character and extent .... ..................................... 40

Preliminary f aunal list ...................................... 40

Lane shales..---..........-...---......--.-.-................--.. 40

Definition and synonymy....... ..----.--.-..............-..... 40

Character and extent .......................... -.---_.-.-... 41

Stanton limestone .................. .'.....................'...... 41

Definition and synonymy..-..--....---..--..............-...- 41

Character and extent....... .... .-..-....-..............._.... 43

Preliminary f aunal list ............................ ......--.. 43

Le Roy shales _-.-.--....---.-..---..-.......................--... 43

Definition and synonymy..----.--...-......................._ 43

Character and extent ......-.---.--.--.--.................... 44

Oread limestone........... .... .............................. . 44

Definition and synonymy................................. ... 44

Character and extent ...... -_----.--..-.--.----........ ......_ 44

Preliminary fatinal list....---.-.-----..----...---.........-..- 45

Kanwaka shales -..--...-...-.--.--.--...-.-....----...-.--.----. 45

Definition and synonymy.....--.----........................-- 4.5

Character and extent ... ...........................^......... 45

Lecompton limestone .-----...-..-...--...--._------...-.-...-.-. 46

Definition and synonymy..-----.--.-.-.-................-..-- 46

Character and extent ......----.-----------...--........---.- 46

Preliminary f aunal list..----....-.-..-.... .................. 46

Tecurnseh shales........... ..-..---......-.-.--...-........--..-. 47

Definition and synonymy..-.-....... ..---.---.---........---- 47

Character and extent ......----.--.------...-----.---...-..._ 47

Deer Creek limestone .--.....-.--....--.--.------.----------.--.. 47

Definition and synonymy..................................... 47

Character and extent ......-...-.-..._-.----.-----...-..--.-- 47

Preliminary faunal list..... ................................ 47

Calhotin shales .........---.........-....-..........-...-.------- 48

Definition and synonymy..-....-..----.---...-----.-.--..-.-.- 48

Character and extent .....--...-.-..-.-...--......-...-..--.- 48

Hartford limestone ...--.......-----.-.-....--...---..--_--.-.--- 48

Definition and synonymy. ...........r ........................ 48

Character and extent ...........----.-..-.---...----.----.-.- 48

Preliminary faunal list.......... ..........................^. 48
6 CONTENTS.

STRATIGRAPHY OP THE REGION, BY GEORGE I. ADAMS Continued. Page. 

Outline of detailed stratigraphy, with preliminary faunal lists Cont'd.

Severy shales ...........................-.....-.........----------- 49

Definition and synonymy.__..._.__._.._._.._-.___-_.-.-----.- 49

Character and extent...--------.--------.-- ....--..-...------. 49

Preliminary faunal list...__..____._._.._____________--.----.-. 49

Howard limestone ....................... ^....................... 50

Definition and synonymy._______._..._.___..____._____.__-.-- 50

Character and extent....---.----.---.....-...-..----.---..--- 50

Preliminary faunal list..--....-......-..--.....-.----.----..-. 50

Burlinganie shales.--...----.-......----.....-........-.._.-..... 51

Definition and synonymy..____._..____..__.______..--.-.-----. 51

Character and extent..--.---.---------__--_..---_-------.---- 51

Preliminary faunal list.......-----.-.---..----..---..---...-. 51

Barclay limestone.. ......'. ^...................................... 51

Definition and synonymy._.__-_--_---__-------.-_.------.--_- 51

Character and extent: --------.-...._.--_._-..__---.---..----- 51

Preliminary faunal list- -.----..-..---.-.---.----.--.-...-.... 52

Olpe shales ._..__...._.___....-__-_-_--_.--._....___-__--._-....-- 52

Definition and synonymy,__.___._..._____.____.---------..-._ 52

Character and extent. .._- --_-.._----..-----.._._..._--...-_._ 52

Preliminary faunal list..... ___..-------------_-------.---..-- 52

Emporia limestone.....-...-.---.---.....-..-.--.....--.--...-.---. 52

Definition and synonymy..................................... 52

Character and extent..._._.______.._.___..___.__._...__...__. 53

Preliminary f atinal list....____-.-----------------------.----- 53

Admire shales ................................................... 53

Definition and synonymy.._____..___._-------.--------------. 53

Character and extent......................................... 53

Preliminary faunal list ....^...........'..... ................. 53

Americus limestone.............................................. 53

Definition and synonymy.-.....-.-....---.......-.--..-..---. 53

Character and extent....--..----..-....-.-.-.-.-..--...--..-. 53

Preliminary faunal list.. ..................................... 53

Elmdale formation ..............................................

0 . Definition and synonymy ..:....... ...........................

Character and extent............................_....._......

Preliminary faunal list. -----.-..--.--..---..-..-.-.--..----..

Neva limestone ..................-.---..-.---.--.--..---------...

Definition and synonymy......----..--...-.-.-.-..-----..----

Character and extent ...-...--..---..--...-.----.------.----.

Eskridge shales .............---...----.-.--...-.....-----..--.-..

Definition and aynonymy.....................................

Charactea-and extent...............-...-.-..----..----_---..-

Preliminary faunal list..........--..----.--.--.------.-.--- .

Cotton wood limestone.---.--.----..--.---..---....-.-..-...-.-....

Definition and synonymy.....................................

Character and extent.. .....-.-...--. -..-..-.----.---.-...---.

Preliminary faunal list.. . .-......-.-.-.-.-...---.--.--..----

Garrison formation .......... ...... ..............................

Definition and synonymy.....................................'

Character and extent...... ---------.--.-.---.--.--..-.-- ---.

Preliminary faunal list.-------........-..-------.---.........

Wref ord limestone............................------..-.-...---..

Definition and synonymy.......-..-.----------.-..--......--.-
CONTENTS. 7

STRATIGRAPHY OF THE REGION, BY GEORGE I. ADAMS Continued. Page. 

Outline of detailed stratigraphy, with preliminary faunal lists Cont'd.

Wreford limestone Continued.

Character and extent..-._- ............................^....... 57

^ Preliminary faunal list.. ...............1....................... 57

Matfield shales .-_...._..___._.._.__....__......_._... -..-..-.-----. 57

Definition and synonymy._---_---_----.------__--_-.-_----.-- 57

Character and extent...------__-__...-.__.._-__-_-----:.----- 57

Preliminary faunal list ....... ....................-....:.-..-. 57

Florence flint .....................^.............................. 58

Definition and synonymy ....^.................................. 58

Character and extent.. ........ _...........................^ 58

Preliminary faunal list...____.____.________.._.-_-.._.-..-._-- 58

Fort Riley limestone..-___.....___.___._.-..-.---.--------.-.---- 58

Definition and synonymy...-..---.-...........,........-.,.'.. 58

Character and extent -__.-...______._______..._.-_-....._.-.... 58

Preliminary faunal list. ....................................... 58

Doyle shales -...-.--............-.---.-------.----.- ------------ 59

Definition and synonymy._--._..__._.____________.____.______ 59

Character and ex-tent ...._...........................-......-. 59

Preliminary faunal list....................................... 59

Winfield formation ________..____..__.___.__.___._____.._.._.-_:-. 59

Definition and synonymy..................................... 59

Character and extent ....... ^................................ 59

Preliminary faunal list....................................... 60

Marion formation.............................. ...-...-...-.-...-- 60

Definition and synonymy...................................... 60

Character and extent ........................................ 60

Preliminary faunal list. ........................ ^............. 60

Wellington shales................................................. 60

Formations described in northern Indian Territory and preliminary

lists of fossils from them..-.....--.....................-.---..-.-.. 61

Fort Scott limestone ................._........_.......-...---...-. 61

Preliminary faunal list.....-.....................-----..---. 61

Oologah limestone................................................. 62

Type locality ................................................ 62

Correlation ................................!................. 62

Preliminary faunal lists.. ......'.....................-......... 62

Coal above the Oologah .....-........-_.....-.................... 63

Localities ....................................................^ 63

Preliminary faunal list..._.-....................--..-..--..-. 63

Drum limestone ......_..............................--...---.-.. 63

Locality and thickness ........................._.............. 63

Preliminary faunal list. ........... .^........................ 64

Pawhuska limestone........;...............,.................... 64

Locality and thickness -.--.-----.-...........-..--------..--. 64

Correlation................................................... 64

Limestone at Pawnee, Okla ...--.--...............-----...--...-. 64

Locality-.-......-...-.-_......-.....-..-.-.-.._---.---. ..... 64

Preliminary faunal list............. ........................... 64

Columnar section --......-........-.-..-..................---.---.-.-. 65 .

Divisions of the Carboniferous and groupings of formations........... 67

Divisions previously proposed ...... ........................ ...... 67

Divisions of the Carboniferous on lithologic grounds .............. 69

Relation of Permian vertebrates to the Kansas section ................. 72
8 CONTENTS.

Page.

TABULATED LIST OF INVERTEBRATE FOSSILS, BY GEORGE H. GIRTY ......... 73

Value of the table .........-...-.....-...--...-..--..-......-. 73

Range of genera and species................................... 75

SUMMARY OF THE FOSSIL PLANTS RECORDED FROM THE UPPER CARBONIFEROUS AND PERMIAN FORMATIONS OF KANSAS, BY DAA^ID WHITE ......... 83

Introduction. ........................^............................... 83

Sources and amount of available material ............................ 84

Horizons and localities represented ___.______ _.__.___._.._ ._.____.____. 85

Cherokee shales...........-.--.-...-.-....--..-.----.-.-.-.---.'-- 85

Chanute (Thayer) shales. ....-.-.---..--.- -.-.---.-.--.-.-.-.-.-- 85

Le Roy (Lawrence) shales ....................................... 85

Severy shales.-...-...-...----.-.-.--.---..-.-.---._.-..-........ 85

Elmdale formation.,.........-.-...-.---....-...--............... 85

Chase formation.........-.-.. ------..----.-..-----.--......... 85

Marion formation.........--..--.-.-.---.----...-----.--.--...-.,. 86

Annotated list of species, with brief descriptions of several new forms

from the coal measures .......-.----.--....--...-....-.-......--..-. 86

Age of the beds from which the plants were collected ................. 108

Cherokee flora at the penitentiary shaft, Lansing .................. 108

Erie (Bethany Falls) flora at Kansas City ........................ 110

Chanute (Thayer) flora at Thayer ................................. 110

Le Roy (Lawrence) flora._----_....-.----.--..-.-.-.----..-.--...- Ill

Severy flora at Osage and Scranton ................................ 112

Elmdale flora at Onaga .......-.-..----.-..---...--.....-.-..--... 113

Marion (Wellington in part) flora in Dickinson County....... .... 114
ILLUSTRATIONS.

Page. 

PLATE I. Map of limestone outcroppings, by Ha worth, 1895 ............... 24

II. Map showing limestone outcroppings, by Ha worth .............. 26

III. Map of southeastern Kansas, showing lines of outcrop of limestone formation, by George I. Adams ......................... 28

IV. Map showing lines of outcrop of certain limestones in Indian

Territory, by George I. Adams ............................... 62

FIG. 1. Sketch from a map byHayden, 1858.............................. 18

2. Sketch from a map by Hayden, 1862............................. 18

3. Sketch from a map by Hayden, 1872............................. 19

4. Sketch from a map by Kedzie, 1877 .............................. 19

5. Sketch from a map by Mudge, 1878 ............................. 20

6. Sketch from a map by Hay, 1893...................---.....'...-.. 20

7. Sketch from a map by Williston, 1895........................... 21

8. Sketch from a map by Haworth, 1899..... ...................... 21

9. Sketch from a map by Drake, 1879 ............................._.' 22

JO. Sketch showing lithologic phases of the Carboniferous of Kansas,

Indian Territory, and Oklahoma, by George I. Adams......... 23

LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL.

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR,

UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY,

Washington, D. C. , June 5, 1902.

SIR: I have the honor to transmit herewith for publication a manuscript on stratigraphy and, paleontology of the Upper Carboniferous 

rocks of the Kansas section, by George I. Adains, George H. Girty, 

and David White. The stratigraphic portion of the paper is by Mr. 

Adams, the invertebrate paleontology by Dr. Girty, and the paleobotany by Mr. White. It is an attempt to summarize the available 

information concerning the section of the Carboniferous in Kansas, 

and its chief value lies in the fact that it clears up the synonymy of 

the stratigraphy and presents extensive faunal lists and such data as 

are available concerning the flora.

Very respectfully, C. W. HAYES,

Geologist in Charge of Geology. 

Hon. CHARLES D. WALCOTT,

Director United States Geological Survey.

11

STRATIGRAPHY AND PALEONTOLOGY OF THE UPPER CARBONIFEROUS 

ROCKS OF THE KANSAS SECTION.

By GEORGE I. ADAMS, GEORGE H. GIRTY, and DAVID WHITE.

INTRODUCTION.

By GEOKGE I. ADAMS.

Present condition of reconnaissance work. The Upper Carboniferous rocks of eastern Kansas have been sufficiently well studied by 

careful reconnaissances to permit the establishment of a section which 

may furnish a standard of reference for a large portion of the western interior Coal Measures area. The region hero considered includes 

that part of the Carboniferous area of the State which lies south of 

the Kansas River. The formations have a general northeast-southwest 

strike. They are extensively represented in Missouri, Nebraska, and 

Iowa, but the portions of them that lie in these States are not considered in this paper, the discussion being confined chiefly to the 

portions in Kansas that have been studied connectedly. To the 

southwest, in Indian Territory, the formations continue for a considerable distance approximately to the Arkansas River with characters similar to those observed in Kansas. Some of the formations 

in this portion of the field have been named and described, as the 

localities are not far distant from Kansas and the reconnaissances 

have been extended to them.

The base of the Upper Carboniferous is marked by erosional unconformity, and apparently by an overlap of the higher formations, so 

that a very considerable thickness of the lower portion of the Upper 

Carboniferous is not represented in Kansas. The upper limit is not 

marked by a distinct stratigraphic or faunal break, sedimentation in 

this region having been continuous from the Carboniferous into the 

Permian. The formations are sandstones and shales with interstratified limestones. The conspicuousness of the limestones and 

the facility with which their outcrop can be followed in the field 

has made it possible to extend accurate reconnaissances over a large

13
14 UPPER CARBONIFEROUS OF KANSAS. - [BULL.211.

area. The shales and. sandstones have been considered as intermediate formations, their upper and lower limits being denned by the 

limestones.

Purpose of this report. Reconnaissance and tentative correlation 

across areas that were not sufficiently studied have resulted in misconceptions which it is desirable to correct so far as present data 

permit. The discussion here presented is the result of a careful 

review of previous stratigraphic work, and the study of intermediate 

portions of the field. Wherever there has been reason to doubt the 

accuracy of previous correlations or the identity of the formations 

the field has been revisited and restudied. There are, perhaps, inaccuracies in the conclusions here presented, but an attempt has been 

made to set forth as clearly as possible what lias been learned by the 

reconnaissances made, with the hope that the results Avill show the 

necessity in future studies of more accurate observations and more 

detailed mapping. i

Authority and acknowledgments. While the material embodied in 

this bulletin is derived from many sources, it is also based largely 

upon observations and studies that have not been previously reported. 

The stratigraphic portion of the paper is by Mr. Adams, and has as 

original sources his own field work and that done under his supervision by Mr. John Bennett and Mr. J. W. Beede. The faunal lists 

and the remarks on them are by Dr. Girty, and are based upon his 

study of material gathered by Messrs. Adams, Bennett, and Beede 

during the progress of the stratigraphic work, and of special collections made by them for the purpose of completing more fully the 

faunal lists. The portion of the paper dealing with the fossil flora is 

by Mr. White, and the source of his material is mentioned in his 

introductory remarks.
STRATIGRAPHY OF THE REGION.

By GEORGE I. ADAMS.

METHODS AND MATERIALS USED IN PREPARING THIS

REPORT.

Method of mapping employed. The maps used in the field in making the reconnaissances here reported were the county maps of the 

State, and, so far as they were available, the topographic maps of the 

United States Geological Survey. The formations mapped were the 

limestones, and their lines of outcrop were referred to the section 

lines of the land survey. When it was impossible to traverse them 

in detail the mapping indicates more particularly the eastern border 

of the areas in which the limestones are found. The dip carries the 

limestones underground to the west. The accompanying maps (Pis. 

Ill, IV) show the lines of outcrop of the limestone formations as closely 

as the scale and the available data permit, but, as a result of erosion 

and of the occurrence of outcrops 'along stream valleys, these formations, if examined in detail, will be found to occur at places not 

indicated on the maps. By mapping the limestones the intervening 

sandstones and shales have been limited and their approximate areas 

shown.

Area mapped ~by Adams. The mapping of formations from the 

southern border of the State northward to an irregular line passing 

through Bourbon, Alien, Woodson, Coffey, and Greenwood counties 

was done under the University Geological Survey of Kansas, principally in the summer of 1896," although it was largely facilitated by 

field work of the summer of 1893. b This information has already 

been used by the Kansas survey. The mapping of this area was partially reviewed in 1899 during a journey undertaken for the purpose 

of making paleontologic collections for the United States Geological 

Survey.

In the summer of 1901 a reconnaissance was made into the Indian 

Territory along the outcrop of the Fort Scott limestone, 0 the Drum

a Univ. Geol. Snrv. Kansas, Vol. in, 1898, preface: 

bldem, Vol. 1,1896, Chapter I.

"Oil and gas fields of Kansas, Indian Territory, Texas, etc., .by G. I. Adams: Bull. U. S. Geol. 

Survey No. 184,1902, p. 15.

15
16 UPPEB CAKBONIFEBOUS OF KANSAS. [BULL. 211.

limestone, and the Elk Falls limestone/' and correlations were made 

with sections in the Indian Territory, given by N. F. Drake. 6

Area mapped l>y Bennett. In the summer of 1901 Mr. Bennett 

traversed the outcrop of the Stanton limestone from Miami County to 

Garnett, in Anderson County, for the purpose of correlation. He also 

extended the mapping of the formations from the limit of the work 

previously done by Adams in Greenwood and Wood son counties northward through Lyon, Coffey, and Osage counties to Shawnee County, 

correlating Avith the mapping done there by Beede. He also reviewed 

a portion of the mapping in Labette County done by Adams. In 

Indian Territory he traversed the outcrop of the Oologah limestones 

and verified some of the previous work of Adams. Mr. Bennett's 

knowledge of the field, which he had gained through his connection 

with the University Geological Survey of Kansas, was of material 

assistance in this work.

Area mapped by Beede. The mapping of the formations in Shawnee County was done by Mr. Beede independently, and supplements 

his description of the geology of Shawnee County. c In the summer 

of 1901 he traversed the" outcrop of the Barclay limestone from. 

Shawnee County to Lyou County. This work connected with that 

done by Bennett, who mapped the same formation from Lyon County 

to Eureka, in Greenwood County. Mr. Beede was also employed in 

the detailed survey of the- Cottonwood Falls quadrangle/ the principal 

portion of which lies in Chase County, and reviewed in part the map of 

Lyon County, made as an independent piece of work by A. J. Smith. 6 

The mapping of the formations in Lyon County was taken from the 

work of Mr. Smith, and was partially reviewed by Bennett and Beede, 

as above noted.

The map by Haworth, reproduced in this report (PL II), supple, 

ments the mapping above mentioned by showing, approximately, the 

extension of the formations to the northeast.

The Cottonwood Falls folio should be referred to for the mapping 

of the formations above the Aniericus limestone in Chase and portions 

of adjacent counties.

Method of correlation, The correlations accepted in this report 

are based upon the information embodied in the mapping presented 

herewith. Each formation has been traced, so far as practicable, 

from the locality at which it was originally described to such other 

parts of the field as had to be studied to determine equivalents. This 

report may contain errors in correlation, due to mistakes made in 

following the formations across country, but it is hoped and believed 

that such errors, if found, will prove to be unimportant.

«Carboniferous and Permian age of the Red Beds of eastern Oklahoma from stratigraphic 

evidence, by G. I. Adams: Am. Jour. Sci., 4th series, Vol. XII, 1901, p. 384.

b A geological reconnaissance of the coal fields of the Indian Territory, by N. F. Drake: Proc. 

Am. Philos. Soc., Vol. XXXVI, 1897, pp. 326-419.

cTrans. Kans. Acad. Sci., Vol. XV, 1898, p. 27.

d Geologic Atlas IT. S., Cottonwood Falls^folio, in preparation. 

1 « Trans. Kans. Acad. Sci., Vol. XVH, 1901, p. 190.
ADAMS.] . STRATIGRAPHY. 17

Rules of nomenclature followed. In determining what names should 

be applied to the formations described in this field the usage of the 

United States Geological Survey has been followed. For guidance 

in specific cases Avhich have arisen the following rules have been 

formulated:

1. The name adopted for a formation is the first geographic one proposed having an adequate definition; that is, a definition describing, 

or showing by means of a section, the character and succession of the 

beds composing the formation and indicating its upper and lower 

limits.

2. The type locality of a formation is the place where the outcrop 

appears on which the original description was based.

3. In case the mapping has shown that a named bed or series of beds 

is equivalent to one' described and named earlier, the later name is 

regarded as a synonym, and is accordingly dropped.

4. In deciding questions of priority the date of the publication containing names proposed has been referred to, and, in case two names 

have been proposed in the same publication, the first one. used which 

was not already preoccupied has been adopted.

5. In case the original definition was incomplete, but was adequately 

completed in subsequent descriptions of the same formation, by the 

same name, the original name is retained, provided no new name had 

been given prior to such adequate definition.

6. In case it has been necessary to recognize new units within the 

limits assigned to a formation in previous descriptions, the first name 

given is, if necessary, retained for use in its original sense, and new 

names are given to the new units.

7. The same geographic term is in no case adopted for more than 

one formation, even where additional designations had.been given, as 

upper, or lower, or limestone, sandstone, shale, etc. .

RESUME OF PREVIOUS PUBLICATIONS.

GENERAL MAPPING OF THE DIVISIONS OF THE CARBONIFEROUS OF

KANSAS.

The earliest information we have in regard to the Carboniferous 

formations of Kansas is derived from reports of exploring parties, 

who obtained scanty collections of fossils in traversing the eastern 

portion of the State. The more definite recognition of their extent 

followed the attempt to define their limits upon reconnaissance maps.

1858, Hay den. The first map that shows in part the extent of the 

Carboniferous rocks in northeastern Kansas was published by Hayden 

in 1858, a and was accompanied by an article explanatory of the map 

and by a section from the mouth of the Platte River to Fort Benton. 

This map is reproduced here as fig. 1. A footnote states that the por-

« Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., Vol. IX, 1857, p. 109.

Bull. 211 03 2
18 UPPER CARBONIFEROUS OF KANSAS. [BULL. 211

tion of the map which relates to Kansas was based upon information 

furnished by Maj. F. Hawh, who was conneced with the lineal survey 

of the State, Major Hawn contributed his knowledge of the geology 

to various workers, and assisted Swallow in preparing his preliminary 

report of the geological survey of Kansas/4

PIG. 1. Sketch from a map by Hayden, .1858.

1862, Hayden. A subsequent map published by Hayden (reproduced here as fig. 2) Ms an outline reduction of a map of Kansas, 

Nebraska, and Dakota. The portion of Kansas which is embraced is 

larger than in the map above mentioned (fig. 1). The formations

FIG. 2. Sketch from a map by Hayden, 1862.

shown which are of interest here are the Carboniferous, the Permian, 

and the Red Beds, the latter being referred to the Jurassic.

1872, Hayden. In Hayden's final report c of the survey of Nebraska 

and portions of adjacent Territories there is a map which shows a 

portion of northern Kansas. On this map the Carboniferous and

nPrel. Eept. Geol. Surv. Kansas, 1866, 

ftTrans. Am. Philos. Soc., new series, Vol. XII, 1863, p. 218.

c Final report of the U. S. Geological Survey of Nebraska and portions of adjacent Territories, 

made under the direction of the Commissioner of the General Land Office, Washington, 1872.
ADAMS.] STBATIGRAPHY. 19

Permian areas are shown. The position of the Permian as mapped is 

too far to the west to agree with the descriptions in the report of its 

occurrence along the Kansas Kiver. In the sketch presented herewith (fig. 3) a correction is suggested.

FIG. 3. Sketch from a map by Hayden, 1872.

1877, Kedzie. In the text-book on the Elements of Agricultural 

Geology, published by William Kedzie for the schools of Kansas, a 

geological map is inserted (fig. 4.) It is evidently a modification of 

a map by Mudge, since in the introduction the author acknowledges 

his indebtedness to the secretary of the agricultural board for the use

Fio. 4. Sketch from a map by Kedzie, 1877. .

of the geologic map of the State, arid Mudge was at that time State 

geologist.

1878, Mudge. The first biennial report of the State board of agriculture of Kansas for 1877-78 contains a map by B. F. Mudge, showing the surficial strata, of Kansas (fig. 5). The areas of the rocks
20 OPfER CARBONIFEROUS OF KANSAS. [BULL. 211.

shown which are of interest here are the Coal Measures and the Upper 

Carboniferous. It is obvious on examination of the map that the 

limit of the Coal Measures was drawn relative to the localities proFIG. 5. Sketch from a inap.by Mudge, 1878.

dnctive of coal, since it does not follow the strike of the rocks. The 

western limit of the Upper Carboniferous as shown is not much different from that of the Permian and Red Beds as recorded on the 

latest maps. .

FIG. 6. Sketch from a map by Hay, 1893.

1893, Hay. Accompanying an article on the Geology and Mineral 

Resources of Kansas by Robert Hay in the Eighth Biennial Report of
ADAMS.] STEATIGRAPHST. 21

the State Board of Agriculture for 1891-92 there is a map on which 

is shown approximately the boundary of some of the geologic divisions 

of Kansas. The accompanying sketch (fig. 6) shows the data which

FIG. 7. Sketch from a map by "Williston, 1895.

are of interest in connection with the Carboniferous. No line is 

drawn between the Coal Measures and Permian. The area of the Red 

Beds is shown, and they are referred to the Permian.

PlO. 8. Sketch from a map by Haworth, 1899.

1S95, Williston. A geologic map of Kansas by S. W. Williston/' 

compiled for the particular purpose of showing the geologic divisions 

in the western portion of the State, classes the rocks of eastern Kansas

. "Kansas Univ. Quart., Vol. Ill, 1895, p. 216.
22 UPPER CARBONIFEROUS OF KANSAS. [BULL. 211.

with which we are here dealing asPermo-Carboniferous andTriassic, 

including in the latter the area of the Red Beds. This map is here 

reproduced as fig. 7.

1899, -Haworth. The next general geologic map of the State of 

Kansas is a semiperspective one by Erasmus Haworth a reproduced 

here as fig. 8. On it the areas of the Lower Coal Measures, Upper Coal 

Measures', Permian, and Red Beds are shown. The division line 

between the Lower and Upper Coal Measures is approximately the one 

recognized by Broadhead between the lower and middle divisions in 

Missouri. The division line between the Upper Coal Measures and 

Permian is drawn at the horizon which was considered by Prosser as 

the base of the Permian. The limit of the Red Beds is evidently 

drawn so as to include the area in which the Red Beds color prevails.

GENERAL MAP OF THE CARBONIFEROUS OF NORTHERN INDIAN

TERRITORY.

1879, Drake. Accompanying the report of Drake's reconnaissance 

of the coal field of the Indian Territory b there is a map showing divisions of the Carboniferous, which were mapped by correlating the sections that<.he made. The divisions 

shown in the accompanying sketch 

(fig. 9) of the portion of northern 

Indian Territory here considered 

are the Lower Coal Measures, the 

Cavaniol and Poteau groups, which 

are classed as Upper Coal Measures, and the Permian. The terms

FIG 9.-Sketch from a map by Drake, 1879. '' Cavaniol " and '' PoteaU " Were

applied to groups whose typical sections are in the Choctaw Nation. It now appears that the rocks in

the northern part of the Indian Territory referred to them occupy a 

higher position in the general section. The mapping of the divisions 

has been shown to be untenable in this part of the field, because the 

limits of the divisions cut diagonally across the lines of stratification. 6 

The line at the base of the Permian was drawn by Drake at the 

horizon at which he noted the first appearance of fossils which he 

called Permian species. The Permian is made to include the Pawhuska limestone, which Smith had referred to the Upper Coal Measures. Although the line between the Permian and Coal Measures is 

not extended on Drake's map to the border of Kansas, it appears 

from a comparison of its position with the position of the base of the 

Permian in Kansas as determined by Prosser that it is much lower in 

the section.

«Univ. Geol. Surv. Kansas, Vol. IV, 1898, PI. XXXI.

& A geological reconnaissance of the coal fields of the Indian Territory, by N. F. Drake: Proc. 

Am. Philos. Soc., Vol. XXXVI, 1897, pp. 326-419.

c Adams, Bull. U. S. Geol. Sxtrvey No. 184,1902, p. lr>8; also Am. Jour. Sci., 4th series, Vol. XII, 

1901, p. 384.

Pawnee
ADAMS.] STRATIGRAPHY. 23

PREVIOUS DETAILED STRATIGRAPHIC SURVEYS AND MAPPING.

1866, Swallow: Preliminary report of the geological survey of Kansas. 0' The first section of the Carboniferous rocks of Kansas which 

attempted to show their succession in detail was that by G. C. Swallow. 6 In his report the beds are numbered from top to bottom and 

brief notes on their characters and occurrences are given. No. 1 of his

FIG. 10. Sketch showing lithologic phases of the Carboniferous of Kansas, Indian Territory, 

and Oklahoma, by George I. Adams.

section includes the portion of the Cretaceous which he observed. 

Below this he recognizes 255 individual beds, which he classes as 

Triassic, Permian, Lower Permian, and Carboniferous. He describes 

simply most of the individual formations of the various series and 

states their thicknesses. The names assigned to the formations are

« The literature here cited is only that in which geographic names were used for some of the 

formations. 

I'Prel. Rept. Geol. Surv. Kansas, 1866, pp. lft-28.
24 UPPER CAEBONIFEKOUS OF KANSAS. [BULL.211.

descriptive of their color, or their lithologic characters, or their fossil 

contents, or, in some cases, were of geographic significance. Those of 

the latter class are still admissible according to general usage. They 

are Fort Riley limestone, Stanton limestone, Pawnee limestone, Fort 

Scott limestone, and Fort Scott marble. The name'' Fort Scott marble " 

is applied to a local bed which has a thickness of only 1 foot 6 inches 

and which is of no stratigraphic importance. The Fort Scott limestone 

has been identified and the term is now in use, although in a somewhat more extended sense than would be implied by the original definition. - The name '' Pawnee limestone " is applied to the formation for 

which it was originally proposed. The Stanton limestone, as is 

recorded in this report, has now been identified from the locality 

of Stanton post-office, in Miami County. As a result of tracing the 

outcrop of this limestone a number of formation names which were 

subsequently proposed have been found to be synonyms. The Fort 

Riley limestone has been identified by Hay and Prosser, and has been 

assigned its proper place in the section.

Although the section of the Carboniferous prepared by Swallow 

served the purpose of presenting the general features of the stratigraphy, it is largely impaired by erroneous correlation. It appears 

that the errors were due to the fact that he considered the rocks along 

the Kansas River, in the vicinity of Topeka, the same as those in 

Miami County, which he called the Stanton series. This would account 

for the omission of a portion of the rocks which belong in the section, 

and in part for the inconsistencies in the localities assigned to certain 

formations.

1893, Hay: Fort Riley section/1 In a description of the geology 

and mineral resources of Kansas by Robert Hay there is given a section of the rocks exposed in the vicinity of Fort Riley. The individual 

beds are described and their thicknesses are stated. For two of them

names are used. These are the Wref ord limestone and £he Fort Riley 

ledge. The latter is applied to the same limestone which was named 

the Fort Riley by Swallow.

1894 (January], Haiuortli, Kirk, and Piatt: Report on field work in 

geology. b This report, which embraces the results of the first season 

of work by the University Geological Survey of Kansas, contains general descriptions and sections of the formations of the Carboniferous 

of eastern Kansas. Sections drawn to scale were made along the 

routes traversed, and the formations were described and correlated 

in a tentative manner. No map accompanies this report. The sections may be denominated as follows: The Neosho River section, by 

Haworth and Kirk; the Verdigris River section, by Haworth and 

Piatt; sections from Cherry vale to Lawrence and from Ottawa to 

Holliday, by Haworth.

a Eighth Bienn. Rept. Kansas State Board Agric., 1893, p. 104. 

b Kansas Univ. Quart., Vol. II, 1894, pp. 99-142.
U. S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY BULLETIN NO. 211 PL. I

MAP OF LIMESTONE OUTCROPPINGS, BY HAWORTH.

NOTE. The geologic formation names are Haworth's. The United States Geological Survey equivalents are 

as follows: lndependence = Drum; Mound Valley=Dennis; Altamont=Parsons; Oswego = Fort Scott; Cottonwood Falls=Cottonwood.
ADAMS.] STKATIGRAPHY. 25

%

1894 (November), Prosser: Kansas River section of the Permo-Carboniferous and Permian rocks of Kansas/1 In this paper, which deals 

with the stratigraphy and paleontology, the section along the Kansas 

River given by Swallow in 1866 is reviewed, corrected, and amplified. 

Reference is made to the work of Hayden and other geologists. This 

publication is, in a sense, preliminary to the "Classification of the 

Upper Paleozoic rocks of central Kansas," published in the Journal 

of Geology by the same author.

1895 (April), Haworth: Stratigraphy of the Kansas Coal Measures. 1* This article, which is published as a summary of the stratigraphy of the Coal Measures prior to the publication of Volume I of 

the University Geological Survey of Kansas, discusses the characteristics of the Coal Measures formations and the division of them into 

Upper and Lower. It also describes the position of the coal beds. 

The article is accompanied by a general columnar section of the Coal

Measures and a semi perspective map of eastern Kansas, showing the 

surface outcrops of the principal limestone formations which had been 

studied and correlated.

1895 (October and November), Prosser: Classification of the Upper 

Paleozoic roclcs 'of central Kansas. 0 In this paper, which reports 

the results of studies of the higher portion of the Carboniferous, 

detailed sections are described, and in some cases names are given to 

individual beds. Formations previously named by Swallow and Hay 

are identified, and correlations are attempted for a considerable area. 

The beds which are named are grouped into formations or stages, and 

the base of the Permian, as identified by Prosser, is determined from 

paleontologic evidence.

1895 (December], Haworth: Stratigraphy of the Kansas Coal Measures. 11 In this article the stratigraphy of the Coal Measures is outlined, and the division into Upper and Lower Coal Measures is 

discussed prior to publication of the same matter in a more extended 

form in Volume I of the University Geological Survey. A general 

columnar section and map of eastern Kansas showing the lines of 

outcrop of some of the limestone formations accompanies the article. 

This map (reproduced here as PI. I) is essentially the same as the 

one above noted/ excepting that the name Garnett is used instead of 

Burlington for one of the limestones.

1896, Hay: Geology of Fort Riley Military Reservation/ In this 

. paper the section of the rocks in the vicinity of Fort Riley is described, 

the columnar section being the same as that contained in the Eighth 

Biennial Report of the State Board of Agriculture for 1893.

1896, Haworth and assistants: University Q-eological Survey of 

Kansas, Vol. I. This volume, which is the first official report by the 

University Geological Survey of Kansas, was transmitted by Haworth,

"Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., Vol. VI, 1894, pp. 20-54. 'lAm. Jour. Sci., 3d series, Vol. L, 1895,p, 452.

''Kansas Univ. Quart., Vol. Ill, 1805, p. 271. e Kansas Univ. Quart., Vol. Ill, 1805, p. 271.

c Jour. Geol., Vol. Ill, 1805, pp. (582-705 and 7(j4-8(K». /Bull. U. S. Geol. Survey No. 137,189C.
26 UPPER CARBONIFEROUS OF KANSAS. [BULL.211.

and, besides chapters that were written wholly by him, contains others 

edited by him which embodied the work of his assistants. The conclusions and correlations are by Ha worth. The stratigraphic data 

embodied in this volume were obtained principally by means of studying a number of sections, which are as follows:

Section from Galena to Wellington, by George I. Adams, with an 

addendum, a section from Cedarvale to Winfield, by C. N. Gould.

Section from Baxter Springs to the State line, by Erasmus Haworth 

and John Bennett. '

Section along the Neosho and Cottonwood rivers, by M. Z. Kirk.

Section from the State line in Bourbon County to Yates Center, 

Woodson County, by John Bennett.

Section principally along the Osage River, by John G. Hall.

Section along the Kansas River from Kansas City to McFarland, by 

John Bennett, with an addendum, a section from Manhattan to Abilene, by Adams.

Section from Coffeyville to Lawrence, by Erasmus Haworth.

Section from Atchison to Barnes, by E. B. Knerr.

The report also contains a preliminary catalogue of the fossils of 

the Carboniferous, by John Bennett.

1897. Prosser: Permian and Upper Carboniferous of southern 

Kansas/1 This is a report of studies Of the sections of rocks exposed 

in the Flint Hills. In it an attempt is made to identify, by means of 

the fossils and general lithologic characters, formations named and 

described by Prosser in the Kansas and Cottonwood River sections. 

Detailed sections are described, but no map accompanies the article.

1898. Beede: Stratigraphy of Shaivnee County. An independent 

piece of stratigraphic work, consisting of a detailed description of the 

rocks of Shawnee County, was read before the Kansas Academy of

Sciences in January, 1896. b In this paper an attempt is made to

identify cei'tain formations named by Swallow. ISTo map is presented. 

1898, Haworth and Crane: University Geological Survey of Kansas, 

Vol. III. This volume consists of essentially two parts. The firstdeals with the stratigraphy of the Kansas Coal Measures and is a 

summary of all previous work done by the university survey. The 

second part, by Crane, pertains to the detailed stratigraphy of the 

coals, their properties, and the methods employed in mining them. 

Part I is accompanied by a map showing the outcrops of the principal 

limestone formations of the Coal Measures (PI. II), and a series of 

shaded maps, which, when the blank portions are cut away, show the 

order and superposition of the coal-bearing formations. The larger 

part of the field work subsequent to the publication of Volume I, 

which furnished the basis for the revisions of the stratigraphy conaKansas Univ. Quart., Vol. VI, 1896, p. 149.

&The stratigraphy of Shawnee County, by J. W. Beede: Trails. Kansas Acad. Sci., Vol. XV, 

1898, pp. 27-34.
U.S-SEQL061CAL SURVEY BULLETIN N0.2M PL.ll

MAP OFKASTER.N KANSAS, SHOWING LIME STONE OUTCROPPINGS

By Erasmus Haworth

LEGEND

IOLA ER1K PAWNEE 05WCGO 

''ui-vey equivalents a ass follows: Oswega^for't Scott; G
ADAMS.] STBATIGKRAPHY. 27

tain ed in this report, was done by George I. Adams, who was assisted 

by W. E. Ringle, and by John Bennett.

1899. Beede: On the Correlation of the Coal Measures of Kansas 

and Nebraska.® In addition to paleontologic information, this paper 

contains references to the formations in Shawnee County and describes 

their continuation into Nebraska.

1900. Beede: Reconnaissances in the Blue Valley Permian. 1' This 

paper furnishes information concerning the extension northward to 

the Nebraska line of the formations described by Prosser and others 

at localities along the Cottonwood and Kansas rivers. The paper is 

accompanied by a map showing Pottawatomie, Marshall, and portions 

of adjacent counties.

.1901, Smith: Geological map of Lyon County. In a paper on the 

Americus limestone, read before the Kansas Academy of Science, Mr.

Alva J. Smith discusses the occurrence of this formation in Lyon

County. c He identified in the field the formation described by Kirk 

in his Neosho River section^ and traced its outcrop in detail. With 

this paper he published a map showing the outcrops of the other limestone formations over the larger portion of Lyon County. This map 

has been partially reviewed in the field and is incorporated in this 

report.

OUTLINE OF DETAILED STRATIGRAPHY OF THE KANSAS 

SECTION, WITH PRELIMINARY FAUNAL LISTS.«

CHBROKEE SHALES.

.Definition and synonymy. The name Cherokee shales is applied 

to the heavy bed of shales, with some interstrati.fied sandstones and 

thin and unimportant limestones, which lie at the base of the section 

of the Carboniferous in Kansas.-^ The lower limit of the formation 

in Kansas is the Mississippian series, upon which it rests unconformably. The upper limit of the Cherokee shales is the Fort 

Scott limestone. In defining the upper limit of the Cherokee 

shales the statement is made that they include all the shales below 

the Oswego limestone, unless the Swallow limestone 0' should prove to 

be extensive, in which case the term should apply to the shales below 

the Swallow limestone. .This limestone is unimportant, and the 

name, which was given in honor of the first State geologist of Kansas, 

is found only in its first description. Since the name Oswego is a 

synonym of Fort Scott, the latter is substituted in the original definition. Within the formation certain sandstones have been named

« Trails. Kansas Acad. Sci., Vol. XVI, 1809, pp. 70-84.

' Kansas Univ. Quart., Vol. IX, 1900, p. 191.

"Trails. Kansas Acad. Sci., Vol. XVII, 1901, p. 189

''Univ. Geol. Surv. Kansas, Vol. 1,1896, p. 80.

«Faunal lists by Dr. OK H. Girty.

/Hawortli and Kirk, Kansas Univ. Quart., Vol. II, 1894, p. 105.

a Ibid., p. 105.
28 UPPER CARBONIFEROUS 0V KANSAS. [BULL.211.

the Columbus sandstones,0 but since they have proved to be of so 

little stratigraphic importance, they have been practically disregarded. Mention of them has been made in one subsequent description by Ha worth. 6

Since the Cherokee shales are here discussed as a formation and 

definite limits are assigned to them, attention should be called to the 

fact that the tracing of the line of outcrop of the Fort Scott limestone 

into the Indian Territory shows that a much greater thickness of 

rocks there intervenes between it and the Lower Carboniferous, 

amounting in the central portion of the Indian Territory to approximately 9,000 feet. To the Cherokee shales in Kansas is assigned a 

thickness of approximately 450 feet. Since the contact of the shales 

with the Lower Carboniferous is one of unconformity and overlap, the 

details of which have not yet been studied, the base of the formation 

can not now be denned beyond the area recognized in Kansas.

Character and extent of the formation. The thickness of the Cherokee shales, as obtained from the records of wells that have been 

drilled through them and by measuring the dip, is found to vary from 

place to place, but is usually between 400 and 500 feet. The average 

thickness is about 450 feet. Though the term shale has been applied to 

the formation, it contains beds of sandstone, which in some localities 

are of considerable thickness and extent. In the area around Columbus sandstone beds have had a considerable influence in determining 

the topographic features, and for those occurring at that locality the 

name Columbus sandstone was proposed, but since they have not 

proved to be of sufficient stratigraphic importance they have not been 

differentiated from the Cherokee shales. There are likewise thin 

limestones of local importance, which appear in the upper portion of 

the shales, but their outcrops are inconspicuous, aud they can not be 

referred to as persistent horizons. One of these beds was named the

Swallow limestone, but it has not been mapped or traversed far from 

its type locality. The area of the Cherokee shales is a belt approximately 20 miles wide, crossing the southeastern corner of the State. 

It includes Cherokee County (except the southeastern corner, where 

the rocks are Mississippian limestones), the eastern portion of 

Labette, the southeastern portion of Crawford, and the eastern border of Bourbon County.

Coal beds in the Cherokee shales. The thickest and most valuable 

coal beds of Kansas occur in the Cherokee shales. A number of them 

are of only local importance, and since they occur at various horizons 

and have not been studied in detail they have received no definite 

names. The two beds which produce the most coal are known as the 

Weir-Pittsburg lower and upper beds. The lower has an average 

thickness of 40 inches and the upper an average thickness of 30 

inches. A higher bed has been called the Fort Scott coal, from its

"Kansas Univ. Quart., Vol. II, 1894, p. ](K5. ^Uiiiv. Geol. Surv. Kansas, Vol. 1,189C, pp. 37,38.
U. S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY BULLETIN NO. 211 PL. 11!

BYA.HOE'Na.CO..BALT/MQRE MO.

MAP OF SOUTHEASTEFiN KANSAS

SHOWING LINKS OF OUTCROP OF LIME STONE FORMATIONS

is miles

George l.Adaxns

Scale

5 10
ADAMS.] STRATIGRAPHY. 29

occurrence near that town. This bed usually varies from 15 to 20 

inches in thickness, and has been mined by stripping at many localities. It occurs a few feet below the lower member of the Fort Scott 

limestone, and in mining the coal not infrequently the limestone is 

quarried. The limestone and the coal form conspicuous beds, which 

are easily traced. The same coal bed is probably not coextensive 

with the limestone, but all the way from Fort Scott to near Claremore, 

in Indian Territory, coal is obtained at about the same horizon. The 

Cherokee shales, where they have been penetrated by drill holes in 

the area to the northwest of their outcrop, where they are overlain 

by a considerable thickness of the higher formations, have been found 

to carry valuable beds of coal. The coal mined at Leavenworth at a 

depth of over 700 feet is in the Cherokee shales.

Preliminary faunal list.® -This list is based on collections from four 

localities.

Lophophyllnni proliferiun. Marginifera rnuricata. 

Lingula carbonaria. Spirifer cameratus. 

Chonetes mesololms. Semimila subtilita. 

Productus nebraskensis.

FORT SCOTT LIMESTONE.

Definition and synonymy. The name Fort Scott limestone was first 

employed by Swallow in 1866, b but was by him. applied only to the 

upper member of the formation, as here defined. Bennett c in 3896 

described the upper member as the Fort Scott limestone and the lower 

as the Fort Scott cement rock, and calls the two the Oswego or Fort 

Scott limestone. The lower member is bed No. 217 of Swallow's section, described by him as an impure, brown and drab, hydraulic, concretionary limestone, in one bed 6 feet thick. The interval between, 

the two members is occupied by shales, and, locally, by a thin coal 

bed. The name Oswego limestone was introduced by Haworth and 

Kirk/* and included the two limestones. The lower is spoken of by 

Haworth6 as the Fort Scott cement rock. In a report by Adams/ tho 

lower is called the Fort Scott cement rock, and it is stated that these 

two might well be called the Fort Scott limestone, but, since the name 

Oswego had already been introduced, it would be used for the present. 

In the same report? the Oswego or Fort Scott limestones are regarded 

as the upper limit of the Cherokee shales. Haworth ll says, concerning the terms by which these limestones should be designated, that., 

although the name Oswego has been used, the name Fort Scott would

« The faunal lists given in this bulletin have been prepared by Dr. Girty.

&Prel. Rept. Geol. Surv. Kansas, 1806.

cUniv. Geol. Surv. Kansas, Vol. 1,1896, pp. 89-91

^Kansas Univ. Quart., Vol. II, 1894, p. 105.

eldem, Vol. HI, 1895, p. 273. .

/Univ. Geol. Surv. Kansas, Vol. 1,1896, p. 21.

a Ibid., p. 22. .''." ,-'

A Ibid., Vol. I, p. 41. ' "'' 
30 UPPER CARBONIFEROUS OF KANSAS. [BULL. 211.

be equally convenient. Haworth's* final usage is to apply the name 

Fort Scott to the individual members and the name Oswego limestone 

to the whole formation. In a geologic section through Fort Scott 

to Nevada, Mo., by Hay, 6 the limestones at Fort Scott are shown and 

denominated the Fort Scott limestone and the Fort Scott "cement" 

limestone. It has been shown c that Oswego had already been used 

by Prossei>Qt as the name of the formation in the Silurian of New 

York, and is therefore preoccupied, and that, inasmuch as the name 

Fort Scott has been extended to the lower of the two members, and 

was proposed by Swallow for the upper and more important one, it 

should be accepted as a formation name for these closely associated 

limestones.

Character and extent of the formation. The Fort Scott limestone 

as exposed at Fort Scott is described by Bennett as consisting of a 

lower limestone member 44 feet thick, which is the rock used for 

making hydraulic cement, and an upper limestone member from 10 

to 14 feet in thickness, which was the original Fort Scott limestone described by Swallow and by him stated to have a thickness of from 8 to 18 feet. In the interval between the lower and 

upper limestone members there is a shale member, which is usually 

about 7 feet thick. The.line of outcrop of the Fort Scott limestone 

has been traced continuously from the Missouri line, near Fort Scott, 

south westward to the Indian Territory line, and thence into the Indian 

Territory to the Arkansas River south of Catoosa.

Preliminary faunal lists. This list is based on collections from the 

lower limestone member, obtained at three localities.

Fusulina cylindrica. Prodnctus puncfatus.

Sponge. Producfrus cora.

Aulopora ? sp. Prodnctus nebraskensis.

Syringopora ? sp. Spirifer caineratus.

Lopliopliyllmn. prolifermn. Seinirrala subtilita.

Campophylltun torquiuin. Allerisina terminate.

Prisruopora sp. Edinondia sp.

Rhipidomella pecosi. Trepospira sphaerulata.

Meekella striaticostata. Naticopsis altonensis.

Chonetes mesolobus. Loxonema ? sp. . . Productus seniireticulatus.

The following list is based on collections from the middle shale 

member, obtained at two localities:

Axophyllum rude. Marginifera muricata.

Orbiculoidea missouriensis. Ambocoelia planiconvexa.

Rhipidomella pecosi. Spirifer cameratus.

Chonetes mesolobus. Spiriferina kentuckyensis.

Chonetes nemingi. Cleiothyris orbicularis.

«Univ. Geol. Surv. Kansas, Vol. Ill, 1898, p. 30. 

6Fifth Bien. Kept. Kansas State Board Agr., 1887, p. 204. 

c Adams, Bull. U. S. Geol. Survey No. 184,1902, footnote, p..15. 

l. Geol. Soc. Am., Vol. IV, 1892, ppi 100,108,116.
ADAMS.] STEATIGEAPHY. 31

The following list is based on collections from the upper limestone 

member, obtained at six localities:

Fusulina cylindrica. Marginifera muricata.

Chsetetes milleporaceus. Marginifera wabashensis.-

Syringopora ? sp. . Spirifer cameratus.

Axophyllum rude. Squanitilaria perplexa.

Polypora sp. Ambocoelia planiconvexa.

Fenestella sp. Seminula subtilita. 

Rhoinbopora lepidodendroides. Cleiothyris orbicularis.

Meekella striaticostata. Htistedia mormoni.

Chonetes inesolobus. Avicnlopecten occidentalis.

Chonetes flemingi. Enchondria neglecta*.

Prodtictus seruiretictilatus. Edmondia sp.

Prodtictus 11. sp. Ostracoda. 

Productus pmictatus.

LABETTE SHALES.

Definition and synonymy. The name Labette shales is applied to 

the formation lying between the Fort Scott limestone and the Pawnee 

limestone. The term was introduced by Haworth a and applied to this 

interval, although in the definition the name Oswego limestone was 

used instead of Fort Scott. In describing the formation succeeding 

the Fort Scott limestone, the name Laneville shales was used provisionally, 6 and was made to include the interval up to the base of the 

Erie limestone, the Pawnee limestone and other intervening formations not being observed in the section. Similarly Adams c used the 

term Pleasanton shales, correlating the formation with the beds 

described as such by Haworth (l in the formation succeeding the Fort 

Scott, and supposing the Altamont was the equivalent of the lower 

Erie, and failing to recognize the Pawnee limestone in the section, 

gave as the upper limit of the shales the base of the Erie. The 

accepted use of the term Pleasanton shales is stated later in this 

paper. The name Laneville shales is now nowhere used, since it was 

applied to rocks occurring in an interval which embraces several 

formations.

Character and extent of the formation. The Labette shales vary 

from 30 to 60 feet in thickness. Their outcrop forms an irregular 

belt, limited by the Fort Scott and Pawnee limestones. They carry 

relatively little sandstone and no coals of recognized importance, 

although a bed from 6 to 8 inches thick has been stripped in the 

vicinity of Prescott.

Preliminary faunal list. The following list is based on collections 

obtained from two localities:

Lophophyllum proliferam. Chonetes mesolobus. 

Bhombopora lepidodendroides. Nucnla ventricosa. 

Derby a crassa.

« Univ. Geol. Surv. Kansas, Vol. Ill, 1898, p. 36. 

fcHawortli and Kirk, Kansas Univ. Quart., Vol. II, 1894, p. 108. 

cUniv. Geol. Surv. Kansas, Vol. 1,1896, p. 22. 

" - d Kansas Univ. Quart., Vol. Ill, 1895, p. 274.
32 UPPEE CARBONIFEROUS OF KANSAS. [BULL. 211

PAWNEE LIMESTONE.

Definition and synonymy. The name Pawnee limestone is applied 

to a heavy limestone formation which outcrops on Pawnee Creek, 

southeast of Fort Scott. It was first used by Swallow/* and is bed 

No. 203 of his section. The formation was identified by the Kansas 

University survey, and has been generally recognized. In the section along the Neosho River by Ha worth and Kirk & this formation 

was omitted, as it was also by Adams. 6'

Character and extent of the formation. ---The thickness of the Pawnee limestone, as given by Swallow, is 20 to 25 feet. Bennett, who 

has studied it more in detail, reports it to be 35 feet thick at certain 

exposures, and in a well near Redfield it was found to be 52 feet 

thick. Its thickness varies considerably from place to place. Its 

outcrop has been easily traced from Bourbon County southwestward 

into Labette County. There, however, it is inconspicuous, and its 

presence is indicated by the occurrence on the surface of masses of 

flint, which result from its disintegration. Its extent beyond the 

border of the State southwestward is questionable.

Preliminary faunal list. The following list is based on collections 

obtained from three localities:

Fusulina cylindrica. . Productus seniireticulatus.

Lophophyllum proliferum. Marginifera wabashensis.

Lophophyllum westi. Sqtianmlaria perplexa.

Zaphrentis ? sp. Ambocoelia planiconvexa.

Syringopora ? sp. Semirmla subtilita.

Chaetetes milleporaceus. Cleiothyris orbicnlaris.

Rhipidomella pecosi. Hustedia morrnoni.

Chonetes flemingi. Naticopsis altonensis ?

BANDERA SHALES.

Definition and synonymy. The term Bandera shales is here applied 

to the rocks occupying the interval between the Pawnee limestone 

and the Altamont limestone: These shales are the equivalent of the 

Lower Pleasanton shales of Haworth. The term Pleasanton shales, 

applied to the beds between the Pawnee limestone and the Erie limestone, was introduced by Ha worth. ^ At that time it was supposed 

that the Altamont limestone was the lower member of the Erie formation. In a description of the shales by Kirk and by Bennett, and in the 

correlation by Haworth/ an 8-foot limestone is included in the shales. 

The Altamont limestone was found to be continuous with this limestone, and accordingly the Pleasanton shales were divided into the 

Upper Pleasanton shales and the Lower Pleasanton shales, f In the

"Prel. Eept. Geol. Surv. Kansas, 1866, p. 24.

1> Kansas Univ. Quart., Vol. II, 1894, p. 108!

cUniv. Geol. Surv. Kansas, Vol. 1,1896, p. 22.

dKans. Univ. Quart., Vol. Ill, 1895, p. 274; also Univ. Geol. Surv. Kansas, Vol. 1,1896, p. 44.

«Loc. cit., pp. 74, 93, and 153, respectively.

/Haworth, Univ. Geol. Surv. Kansas, Vol. Ill, 1895, p. 39.
ADAMS.] STBATIGRAPHY. 33

northward extension of these formations it is thought that the Altamont limestone thins and is finally absent in the vicinity of Pleasanton, where the term Pleasanton shales is applicable to the rocks 

occupying the whole interval.

Character and extent of the formation. On the Marmaton River, 

near Bandera, this formation is variable in character and carries 

considerable thin-bedded sandstone, which is quarried for flagging. 

Its thickness may be stated tentatively as 1QO feet. The formation 

varies in character throughout its lateral extent, but west of Farlingtou, near Brazilton, and near the Neosho River east of Parsons, 

flagging similar to that obtained near Bandera has been quarried. 

This shale carries some coal, which has been mined near Pleasanton, 

but contains no bed which has been extensively developed or is 

known to be persistent for any considerable distance.

PARSONS LIMESTONE.

Definition and synonymy. This formation was first described by 

Adams" as the Altainoiit limestone, from its occurrence at Altamont, 

but was correlated with the lower member of the Erie. b It has since been 

shown that it is a distinct formation, which in its northward extension 

is continuous with the 8-foot limestone described by Bennett, c and, 

thinning, is probably finally absent from the section. The lower 

limestone at Altamont, continuing southwestward into the Indian 

Territory, becomes more important and is the equivalent of one of 

the beds exposed near Oologah, to which the name Oologah limestone 

was applied by Drake/' The name Parsons, here adopted, is from 

Parsons, Labette County, Kans., near which the formation is well 

exposed.

Character and extent of the formation. The Altamont limestone is 

not well exposed in the vicinity of Altamont, and, although there are 

surface outcrops near by, its thickness can not be accurately stated. 

Along the Marmaton River it appears to be represented by a bed 8 

feet thick. Farther south this bed thickens somewhat, and a second 

one is associated with it. These may be seen outcropping near Parsons, where a quarry has been opened in the lower one. South of 

Altamont the limestones are of much importance, and from there 

southward to the State line and in their outcrop \vestward to Coffeyville are seen to be separated into two distinct members by 15 feet or 

more of shale.

Preliminary faunal lists. The following list is based upon collections from the Parsons limestone obtained from two localities:

Lophophylhmi proliferum. Chonetes flemingi.

Orbiculoidea misscmriensis. Productus nebraskensis.

Chonetes glaber. Marginifera wabasheiisis.

a Univ. Geol. Surv. Kansas, Vol. 1,1896, p. 22. «Ibid., p, 93.

*>Ibid., p. 25. rfProc. Am. Philos. Sou.,Vol. XXXVI, 1897, p. 877.

Bull. 211 03 3
34 UPPEE CAEBONIFEEOUS OF KANSAS. [BULL.211.

Amboccelia planiconvexa. Hustedia mormoni.

Squamularia perplexa. Nucula ventricosa.

Seminula subtilita. Pleurotomaria sp.

Pugnax utah. Trepospira sphaerulata.

The following list was obtained from the lower limestone member 

of the Altamont, based on collections from five localities:

Sponge ?. . Productus semireticulatus.

Chaetetes niilleporaceus. . Marginifera wabashensis.

Crinoidal frag. Squamularia perplexa.

Stenopora sp. Seminula subtilita.

Orbiculoidea missouriensis. Dielasma bovidens.

Derbya crassa. Soleniscus sp.

Meekella striaticostata. Bellerophon crassus ?.

Chonetes mesolobus. Bellerophon indt.

The following list is based on collections from the upper member 

of the Parsons limestone obtained from six localities:

Lophophyllum proliferum. Spiriferina kentuckyensis.

Campophyllum sp. Ainbocoelia planiconvexa.

Chaetetes milleporacetis. Seminula subtilita.

Cladopora sp. Cleiothyris orbicularis.

Crinoidal frag. Hustedia mormoni.

Archaeocidaris sp. Dielasma bovidens.

Prismopora serrata. Pugnax utah.

Fistulipora sp. Pugnax rockymontana.

Fenestella sp. Pleurophorus sp.

Orbiculoidea missouriensis. Astartella vera.

Derbya crassa. Leda bellistriata.

Meekella striaticostata. Nucula ventricosa.

Chonetes mesolobtis. Orthoceras rushense ?.

Chonetes flemingi. Dentalium? sp.

Marginifera splendens. Naticopsis sp.

Marginifera wabashensis. Euomphalus subrugosus. 

Productus semireticulatus. . Phanerotrema grayvillense. 

Productus semireticulatus var. Worthenia tabulata.

Productus punctatus. Trepospira sphaerulata.

Spirifer cameratus. Euphemus carbonarius. 

Squamularia perplexa.

DUDLEY SHALES.

Definition and synonymy. The name Dudley shales is here applied 

to the beds occupying the interval between the Parsons limestone and 

the Hertha limestone, which, as explained above in the discussion of 

the synonymy, are the equivalent of Haworth's Lower Pleasanton 

shales.

Character and extent of the formation. The thickness of the Dudley shales along the Marmaton River, as estimated by-Bennett, is 

about 150 feet. The formation carries some sandstone and some thin 

beds of limestone, which, however, have not been found important 

stratigraphically. These shales thicken to the northwest. Along the 

Neosho River they are extensively developed, but near Altamont,
ADAMS.] STRATIGRAPHY. 85

where the Parsons limestones thicken up, the shales are thinner. 

There are no coals of importance in this formation, although a number of thin beds are known to occur.

HERTHA LIMESTONE.

Definition and synonymy. The name Hertha limestone is here 

introduced for the limestones succeeding the Upper Pleasanton shales 

as exposed in the vicinity of Hertha. This series of beds is the 

equivalent of the lower member of the Erie formation, for which no 

specific name has been used in Kansas. Haworth a in his correlation 

says that it is probably a continuation of the Bethany Falls limestone. 

This term Avas first used by Broadhead b for the formation occurring 

at Bethany, Harrison County, Mo. This locality is so far distant 

and there is so little certainty in our present knowledge of the continuation of the limestone to that place that it is thought best not to use 

the term in describing this formation, but should the correlation be 

established Bethany would .displace Hertha, except' in local usage.

The name Erie limestone was proposed by Haworth and Kirk in 

1894. c Later the formation was called the Erie or Triple limestone 

by Haworth d and was recognized as consisting of three members separated by thin shales. It was also considered as a triple formation by 

Kirk 6 and by Bennett.-^ In their southward extension the intervening shales thicken, and individual members are described as independent formations. In this bulletin the three beds of which the 

Erie is composed are regarded as separate formations where they are 

independently developed, and are described as the Hertha, Dennis, 

and Drum limestones.

Character 'and extent of the formation. The Hertha limestone, 

where its outcrop is farthest separated from the Dennis and Drum 

limestones, has a thickness of about 10 feet. Where it has been 

described as constituting the lower member of the Erie, it lias a 

thickness of about 20 feet. The detailed section of this formation 

varies from place to place, as the character of the bedding of the 

rock varies from a massive limestone to a thin-bedded limestone with 

intercalated shale members. This formation thins out and disappears in the hills northwest of Altamont. Its extent from there to 

the northwest is continuous, and it reaches its greatest importance 

where it is most closely associated with the Dennis and Drum formations, from the Neosho River to the Missouri line.

a Univ. Geol. Surv. Kansas, Vol. Ill, 1898, pp. 45, 46.

& Missouri Geol. Surv., 1872.

c Kansas Univ. Quai't., Vol. II, 1894, p. 108.

rildem, Vol III, 1895, pp. 275, 276.

« Univ. Geol. Surv. Kansas, Vol. 1,1896, p. 76.

/Ibid., p. 95.
36 UPPER CARBONIFEROUS OF KANSAS. [BULL.211.

Preliminary faunal list. The following list is based on collections 

from two localities:

Lophophyllum westi. Seminula subtilita.

Stenopora sp. Dielasma bovidens.

Fistulipora sp. a. Pinna? peracnta.

Fistulipora sp. b. Myalina perattentiata.

Chonetes fleniingi. Edmondia reflexa ?

Productus cora. Schizodus sp.

Productus nebraskensis. Naticopsis sp. a.

Marginifera splendens. Naticopsis sp. b.

Spirifer cameratus. Bellerophon crassus.

Squamularia perplexa. Euphemus ncdocarinatus.

Spiriferina kentuckyensis. Phillipsia sp.

GALESBURG SHALES.

Definition and synonymy. This name is here applied to the rocks 

occupying the interval between the Hertha limestone and the Dennis 

limestone. This formation is the equivalent of the Mound Valley 

shales of Haworth. a Before these were called the Mound Valley shales 

they had been described but not named.

Character and extent of the formation. Near Mound Valley, where 

this formation was first differentiated and named the Mound Valley 

shales, its thickness is about 100 feet, and the interval is practically 

all occupied by sandy shales. At that point the lower limit can not 

be definitely pointed out, because the Hertha limestone, which marks 

the lower limit of the Galesburg formation, is probably absent from 

the section. In the vicinity of Galesburg the thickness of the shales 

is about 75 feet, but northward, along the Neosho River, it decreases 

rapidly, and beyond that stream is reduced to only a few feet, becoming, in fact, simply a shale member of the Erie formation as defined 

by Haworth and Kirk.

DENNIS LIMESTONE.

Definit'ion and synonymy. The name Mound Valley limestone was 

proposed in 1896 for the limestone exposed on the hills northwest of 

Mound Valley, 6 and the bed was correlated with the middle member 

of the Erie. c The formation, as exposed at Cherry vale, had been 

previously described but not named, and had been incorrectly correlated with the Oswego of Haworth. a The name Dennis, from the 

town of that name in Labette County, Kans., near which it is conspicuously exposed, is now proposed for this limestone.

Character and extent of the formation. This formation has a thickness of from 10 to 15 feet, and varies from a heavy-bedded limestone 

to a thin-bedded limestone with shale partings. It has been traced

nUniv. Geol. Surv. Kansas, Vol. Ill, 1898, p^47,

6 Adams, idem, Vol. I, 1896, p. 23.

c Ibid., p. 25.

^Kansas Univ. Quart., Vol. II, 1894, p. 118; also p. 134.
ADAMS.] STKATIGEAPHY. 37

from Mound Valley south-westward to the Verdigris River, near Liberty, where it thins out. From Mound Valley its outcrop extends in 

an irregular line to the Neosho River, where the formation is closely 

associated with the underlying Hertha limestone and the overlying 

Drum limestone as a result of the thinning of the adjacent shales. 

In this portion of its extent it has a thickness of about 20 feet.

Preliminary fanned list. The following list is based'on collections 

from two localities:

Polypora sp. a. Procluctus sp.

Polypora sp. b. Spirifer cameratus.

Productus ptinctattis. . Sqtiamularia perplexa.

Productus cora. Seminula subtilita.

Productus senrireticulatits. Pinna? peracuta.

Prodtictus nebraskensis. Bellerophon sp.

CHERKYVALE SHALES.

Definition and synonymy. This name was first used by Ha worth," 

and is applied to the bed of shales lying between the Dennis limestone 

and the Drum limestone as exposed at Cherryvale. In the previous 

descriptions of the bed no name had been applied to it.

Character and extent of the formation. The thickness of the 

Cherryvale shales at Cherryvale is given as 120 feet by Haworth. In 

this locality they contain but little sandstone. They thin rapidly 

northward, and at the Neosho River become simply a shale member 

of the Erie formation, which is there composed of the Hertha, Dennis, 

and Drum limestones and intervening shales.

DKUM LIMESTONE.

Definition and synonymy. The name Independence limestone was 

first used provisionally by Haworth and Piatt 6 for the limestone 

exposed at Independence, Kaus., which was at that time erroneously 

correlated with the Oswego limestone. Exposures of the formation 

at Cherryvale were also described and correlated with the whole of the 

Erie. c Subsequently the name Independence was used by Adams (l 

for the limestone which is exposed at the original locality, and the 

formation was correlated with the upper member of the Erie. e The 

name has since been used in this sense, but is preoccupied by the 

Independence shales in the Devonian of Iowa/ and the name Drum 

limestone, from Drum Creek, Kansas, where it is conspicuously 

exposed, is adopted.

Character and extent of the formation. The thickness of this formation at Independence is fully 40 feet at the river bank, where it

"Univ. G-eol. Surv. Kansas, Vol. Ill, 1898, p. 47.

& Kansas Univ. Quart., Vol. II, 1894, p. 115.

cIbid., pp. 118,119.

rtUniv. Geol. Surv. Kansas, Vol. 1,1896, p. 23.

o Ibid., p. 25.

/Calvin: Am. Jour. Sci., 3d series, Vol. XV., 1878, pp. 460-462.
38 UPPER CARBONIFEROUS OF KANSAS. . [BULL.211.

occurs as a massive ledge. From there southward toward the State 

line it changes in character, becoming thin bedded and more argillaceous. To the northwest it maintains its importance, although somewhat thinner, and at the Neosho River is the upper member of the 

Erie formation, and has a thickness of about 25 feet.

Preliminary faunal list. The following list is based on collections 

from two localities:

Lophophyllum sp. Dielasma bovidens.

Fenestella (several sp.). Pugnax titah.

Fistulipora sp. Avictilopecten sp.

Productus norwoodi. Avictilopecten carboniferus.

Productus cora. Myalina perattenuata ?.

Productus nebraskensis. Myalina sp.

Productus n. sp. Pinna? peracuta.

Spirifer cameratus. Edmondia aspinwallensis. 

Squainularia perplexa. . Pleurophorus sp.

Spiriferina kentuckyensis. Euconispira sp.

Seminula subtilita. Phillipsia major.

' CHANUTE SHALES.

Definition and synonymy. This bed of shales was described and 

named by Haworth and Kirk/' The term Charmte was also used in a 

section given by Haworth. 6 Subsequently the najne Thayer shales 

was introduced for the same bed, c and this term was used by Adams. a 

Haworth in a footnote in a paper on the stratigraphy of the Kansas 

Coal Measures, published in 1895, 6 . states that the shales were called 

the Chanute shales by Haworth and Kirk, but that the name was 

subsequently changed to Thayer shales. . It seems that there was 

no reason given for the change, and that the term Thayer shales, 

although known to be a synonym, was nevertheless used in subsequent publications by the Kansas survey.

Character and extent of the formation. ^This formation reaches a 

thickness of fully 200 feet and is one of the important shales of the 

section. Along the Neosho River, in the vicinity of Chanute, it carries 

but little sandstone, Southward, in the vicinity of Thayer, and from 

there to the Indian Territory, the amount of the sandstone is so considerable as to form conspicuous outcrops within the area of the formation. 

Northwestward the shales are thinner, and toward the Missouri line 

become much less important than in their type locality. Near 

Thayer a coal bed occurs, which has been mined considerably for 

local use. Southward, toward the Indian Territory, coal is known to 

occur at several places within this formation, but is nowhere thick 

"enough to be of commercial importance.

"Kansas Univ. Quart., Vol. II, 1894, p. 109. 

6Ibid., p,124.

c Ha worth, idem, Vol. HI, 1895, p. 276. 

dUniv. Geol. Surv. Kansas, Vol. 1,1896, p. 24. 

e Am. Jour. Sci., 3d series, Vol. L, 1895, p. 459.
ADAMS.] STRATIGBAPHY. 39

EARLTON LIMESTONE.

Definition and synonymy. The first description of this limestone 

was given by Haworth and Piatt a at the locality of Altoona, though 

certain outcrops of the Tola were confused with this in the description, 

and the whole was referred to the Erie formation. The Earlton limestone was n ot recognized as distinct from the Tola until it was described 

by Adams in 1898. b The formation was subsequently referred to under 

this name by Haworth/

Character and extent of the formation. To the Earlton limestone 

maybe assigned a thickness of 15 feet, although it is variable in character and does not occur in a single bed. It has been studied in only 

a limited area from the Neosho River southwestward to the \rerdigris. Apparently this limestone becomes closely associated with the 

lola northward, and southward separates into beds which gradually 

thin out and disappear.

Preliminary faunal fo'sl The following list is based upon collections from three localities:

Ainblysiphonella sp. Avicnla sp.

Lophophylhim westi. Avictilopecten carboniferus.

Fenestella sp. Aviculopecten whitei.

Polypora sp. Aviculopecten occiclentails.

Pinnatopora sp. Streblopteria sp.

Rhornbopora lepiclodendroid.es. Lima retifera.

Thanmiscus sp. Monopteria ? sp.

Fistulipora carbonaria. Conocardium sp.

Derbya crassa ?. Pleurophorus sp.

Chonetes flemingi. Edmondia sp.

Producttia punctatus. Platyceras nebraskense. 

Productus semireticulattis ?. , Trepospira sphsernlata.

Spirifer cameratus. Worthenia tabulata.

Semintila subtilita. Pleurotomaria sp.

Spiriferina kenttickyensis. Solenisous sp.

Pugnax Utah. Loxoneina sp.

Dielasma bovidens. Orthoceras sp.

Squamularia perplexa. Nautilus sp. 

Hustedia mornioni.

VILAS SHALES.

Definition and synonymy. These shales occupy the interval 

between the Earlton limestone and the lola limestone, and were so 

defired by Ha worth. 0

Character and extent of the formation. The thickness of the Vilas 

shales is probably not greater than 75 feet. Where the Earlton limestone is closely associated with the lola, the bed probably thins out. 

Southward, when the Earlton limestone disappears, the Vilas shales 

blend with the lower shales adjacent to them.

"Kansas Univ. Quart., Vol. II, 1894, pp. 115,116. b Idem, Vol. VII, 1898, p. 96. 

c Univ. Geol. Surv. Kansas, Vol. Ill, 1898, p. 61.
40 UPPEE CARBONIFEROUS OF KANSAS. [BULL.211.

IOLA LIMESTONE.

Definition and synonymy. This name was introduced by Haworth 

and Kirk for the limestone exposed at lola/' The formation has been 

generally correctly correlated.

Character and extent of the formation. The thickness of this formation at lola is about 30 feet, where it occurs as a massive bed. 

Along the line of its outcrop, which is traced with little difficulty, it 

maintains its importance nearly to the Indian Territory line, where it 

separates into thin beds and is relatively inconspicuous.

Preliminary faunal list. The following list is based.on collections 

from nine localities.

Fusulina cylindrica. Productus sp.

Lophophyllum westi. , Marginifera wabashensis. 

Lophophyllum proliferum. , Proboscidella sp.

Chaetetes milleporaceus. Spirifer cameratns.

Etipachycrirras sp. Squamularia perplexa.

Fistulipora sp. Spiriferina kentuckyensis.

Fenestella sp. Seminula subtilita.

Septopora sp. Dielasma bovidens.

Crania sp. Aviculopecten interlineattis.

Rhipidomella pecosi. Pseudomonotis sequistriata.

Enteletes hemiplicattis. Myalina subquadrata.

Derbya crassa. Myalina swallowi. 

Meekella pyramidalis ?. - Yoldia sp.

Chonetes flemingi. Schizodus sp.

Productus nebraskensis. Euconispira sp.

Productus cora. ' Phanerotrema grayvillense.

Productus semireticulatus. Soleniscus ponderosus ?.

Productus norwoodanus. Naticopsis ? sp.

Productus punctatus. Leperditia sp. 

Productus subhorridus ?.

LANE SHALES.

Definition and synonymy. This name is given to the bed of shales 

lying between the lola limestone and the Stanton limestone. The 

name was first introduced by Haworth, 6 and was applied to the shales 

lying between the Carlyle limestone and the Garnett or Burlington 

limestone at Lane. It has since been learned, as best the writer is 

able to understand, that the limestone there considered to be the Carlyle is the lola, and that the limestone spoken of as the Garnett or Burlington is the same formation that was described as the Carlyle limestone and is now called the Stanton. Haworth says: c " Passing upward 

from the lola limestone and leaving unnoticed a shale bed 40 to 50 

feet thick and a limestone one-fourth as great, we come to the Lane 

shales." This shale bed, 40 to 50 feet thick, is probably the equivalent of thft bed at lola, which is now correlated with the Lane shales,

a Kansas Univ. Quart., Vol. II, 1894, p. 109. &Idem, Vol. Ill, 1895, p. 277. 

c Am. Jour. Sci., 3d series, Vol. L, 1895, p.460.
ADAMsJ STKATIGKAPHY. 41

and the limestone is probably the Stanton limestone. Haworth" 

describes the Garnett limestone as immediately above the Lane 

shales. Later b Haworth describes the Lane shales as lying between 

the lola and the Garnett. In this section the Carlyle limestone is 

evidently not considered or not recognized as being present. Elsewhere the Lane shales are described as.lying between the Carlyle 

and the Garnett limestones. Haworth in his final correlation 6 

describes the formation as lying between the lola and Garnett limestones. This is the position given to the Lane shales in the definition here accepted, with the correction necessitated by the facts now 

demonstrated, that the name Garnett is a synonym of Carlyle, and 

that both terms are synonymous with Stanton.

Character and extent of the formation. This formation is stated by 

Haworth to vary from 75 to 100 feet in thickness at its occurrence 

near Lane. From lola southward it apparently thins, so that the

overlying Stanton limestone is brought into closer association with 

the lola, and in the southern part of Woodson County the relations of 

the shale, as well as the Stanton limestone, become indefinite.

STANTON LIMESTONE.

Definition and synonymy. The name Stauton limestone was given 

by Swallow^ to bed No. 151 of his section, the name being derived 

from the post-office of Stanton, in Miami County. In his section of 

rocks in Miami County e this formation is No. 7, and is described in 

considerable detail, the place of its occurrence being given with 

unmistakable clearness. Mr. Bennett has visited this locality and 

traversed the outcrop of the formation southward, and as a-result of 

this work the following correlations are made possible. The Stanton 

formation as exposed at Carlyle is described by Haworth and Kirk/ 

and is called the Carlyle limestone. Haworth described the exposures 

at Garnett and provisionally called the rocks the Garnett limestone, 

and also provisionally pronounced them, identical-with the Burlington 

limestone. ^ The limestone was also described at Ottawa as a distinct 

formation, and named the Ottawa limestone by Haworth. k The section given in this connection is, reading upward: Carlyle limestone, 

shales, Garnett limestone, shales, Ottawa limestone. In the same 

article l certain limestones at Edgerton and Olathe were correlated 

with the Ottawa limestone. The name Ottawa was dropped without 

subsequent reference. In the descriptions given by Ha worth-7' the 

Carlyle limestone is disregarded, although the name is used in the 

general section accompanying the article. The Garnett limestone is 

since referred to in the sense of the descriptions by Haworth and

a Am. Jour.Sci.,od series, Vol. L, 1895, p. 460. /Kansas Univ. Quart., Vol. II, 1894, p. 110.

6 Univ. Geol. Surv. Kansas, Vol. 1,1896, pp. 48-49. olbid., p. 120.

"Idem, Vol. HI, 1898, p. 54. /'Ibid.

dPrelim. Kept. Geol. Surv. Kansas, I860, p. 20. 'Ibid., p. 125.

«Ibid., p. 74. . iAm. Jour. Sci., 3d series, Vol. L, 1895, p.460.
42 UPPER CARBONIFEROUS OF KANSAS. [BULL.211.

Kirk/' in which place it is correlated with the Burlington and called 

the "Burlington or Garuett, leaving the ultimate choice of name to 

some future time."

On an accompanying map the Carlyle is not shown, but the Garnett is indicated as present at Burlington and Garnett. This mapping 

and correlation is now known to be incorrect. & Later c Haworth 

describes the section as Carlyle limestone, Lane shales, and Garnett 

(or Burlington) limestone. The Carlyle limestone d is disregarded by 

Haworth, and the Garnett is stated to be the same as the Burlington or 

Garnett. Kirk e uses the Carlyle in the sense of its original description, and the Garnett is described as occurring at Burlington, and it 

is stated that it may bear the name Burlington or Garnett. Bennett/ 

describes the Carlyle as originally defined, and the Burlington as 

occurring west of Yates Center. Hall ff describes two limestones as 

the equivalent of the Garnett. Haworth h describes the following section : Carlyle limestone, Lane shales, and Garnett limestone. In his 

resume* he gives the same section. In an article by Adams on the 

Physiography of Southeastern Kansas/' published with the consent of 

'the Kansas Survey, the following footnote is given, which was written 

by Haworth:

This limestone was named the Carlyle by Kirk (Kansas Univ. Quart, Vol. II, 

p. 110) and the first- succeeding one above it the Garnett, or Burlington. It 

has since been learned, as will soon be published by Haworth, that the so-called 

Carlyle limestone is the lower member of the Garnett.

In the University Geological Survey of Kansas k Haworth makes 

the following statement:

In previous descriptions it has been thought that the limestone exposed at Carlyle was distinct from the Garnett limestone, and therefore the term Carlyle was 

introduced, but during the summer of 1897 Bennett discovered that the so-called 

Carlyle limestone was the same as; the Garnett. As the latter name had been

used much more extensively than the former, and the two first used at the same 

time by the writer, it is preferable to retain the name Garnett and entirely 

do away with the name Carlyle.

In the final correlation by Haworth l the matter is discussed more 

fully.

Fortunately the confusion which has arisen in this part of the section can be entirely cleared away by recognizing the Stanton limea Kansas Univ. Quart., Vol. II, 1894, p. 110.

t> The same mapping was also employed in PI. Ill, Vol. I, Univ. Geol. Surv. Kansas. 

c Kansas Univ. Quart., Vol. III., 1895, p. 277. 

dUniv. Geol. Surv. Kansas, Vol. 1,1896, p. 49. 

e Ibid., p. 78. 

/Ibid., p. 98. 

a Ibid., p. 101.

Mbid., Cn. VI . ' ' 

' i Ibid., Ch. IX.

i Kansas Univ. Quart., 1898, Vol. Ill, 1895, p. 97. 

fcVol.ni, p. 56. 

Z Ibid., pp. 103,104.
ADAMS.] STRATIGKAPHY. 43

stone described by Swallow, which term, having been until now disregarded, is untrammelled by any usage excepting the original.

Character and extent of the formation. The thickness assigned by 

Swallow to the Stanton limestone was from 6 to 28 -feet. In the 

description of the same formation by Bennett it is shown to consist of 

two members separated by a thin shale member, each from 12 to 15 

feet thick at Garnett. Atlola the thickness of the limestone is about 

12 feet. West of these places it has a maximum 'thickness of 30 feet. 

The detailed section accordingly varies from place to place. The 

limestone has been traced southward as far as the northern part of 

Wilson County, where it apparently thins and becomes unimportant.

Preliminary faunal list. The following list is based on collections 

from two localities:

Lophophyllum westi. Productus punctatus.

Archaeocidaris sp. Spirifer caineratus.

Eupachycrinus sp. Sqtiamularia perplexa.

Polypora sp. Spiriferina kentuckyensis.

Fenestella sp. Semintila subtilita.

Fistulipora sp. Pugnax titah.

Rhipidomella pecosi. Hustedia mormoni.

Enteletes heruiplicatus. Dielasma bovidens.

Derbya crassa. Platyceras nebraskense.

Chonetes flemingi. Bellerophon sp.

Marginifera wabashensis. Phillipsia major. 

Productns nebraskensis.

LE ROY SHALES.

Definition and synonymy. The name Le Roy shales applies to the 

interval between the Stanton limestone and the Oread limestone. It 

was first proposed by Ha worth and Kirk rt for beds exposed near 

Le Roy and Moody. The limits given to the formation in the original 

description were the Carlyle below and the Burlington above. In the 

same place it is stated that they are the shales lying between the Carlyle and Garnett limestones farther east, the Garnett being supposedly 

the same as the Burlington. In the same paper, but in a different 

chapter, the Lawrence shales were named from exposures near Lawrence* and defined as lying between the Ottawa limestone and the 

Oread. These limits are in reality the same as those given for the 

Le Roy shales. Later c the Lawrence shales were described by 

Haworth as above the Garnett, then supposed to be the limestone at 

Burlington, and called the Burlington, and the Oread limestone at 

Burlington. The shales at the locality from which the shales were 

named were redescribed by Kirk rf under the name Lane shales, and 

the Lawrence shales were described e as occurring above the Garnett 

limestone at Burlington, i. e., above the limestone called Burlington, 

now known as the Oread. The Lawrence shales are described by

"Kansas Univ. Quart., Vol. II, 1894, p. 110. dUniv. Geol. Surv. Kansas, Vol. 1,189C, p. 79. 

6Haworth, ibid., p. 122. «Ibid. 

cAm. Jour. Sci., 3d series, Vol. L, 1895, p. 460.
44 UPPEE CARBONIFEROUS OF KANSAS. [BULL.211.

Hall in accordance with a section at Lawrence,a as they also are by 

Bennett & and Haworth. 6 It is evident, as is shown by the erroneous 

mapping, that the Le Roy shales were at this time supposed to be 

below the Burlington-Garnett limestone, and the Lawrence shales 

above the limestone. This idea was corrected in 1898, d when the 

name Lawrence shales was used in preference to the name Le Roy, 

for the reason, it is stated/ that the name.had been most frequently 

used. The name Le Roy shales, however, has precedence. The definition of Le Roy shales as originally given is here accepted, cognizance 

being taken, however, of the proper correlation of the Stanton and 

the Oread.

The term Chautanqua sandstone was used by Adams f for the sandstones which near the southern border of the State are the equivalent 

of the Le Roy shales. The term was employed in this sense by 

Ha worth.? Since there is no special need of it as a formation name, 

it is here not used.

Character and extent of'the formation. The thickness of this formation, as given by Haworth and Kirk in the original description, is 

150 feet in the vicinity of Le Roy. From there northward the formation is certainly heavier and at Lawrence has a thickness of 300 feet 

according to Haworth. Southward the formation outcrops in a 

broad belt. Although denominated a shale, it contains heavy sandstones, which, however, have not been denned as distinct formations. 

Toward the Indian Territory line the sandstones predominate in 

importance over the shales. This formation carries some coal beds 

which have been mined locally, but none of them can be said to be of 

commercial importance.

OREAD LIMESTONE.

Definition and synonymy. The Oread limestone was described 

from the locality of Lawrence and named by Haworth from Mount 

Oread, the hill on which the State University stands/4 The name 

Burlington, applied to the same formation at Burlington by Haworth 

and Kirk/ is a synonym, and, moreover, is preoccupied by the term. 

Burlington in the section of the Mississippian rocks. The name Burlington was dropped by the Kansas survey in favor of Garnett, evidently because of its being preoccupied. The confusion which there 

has been in the recognition of the formation has been sufficiently 

reviewed above.

Character and extent of the formation. At .Lawrence the Oread

"Univ. Geol. Surv. Kansas, Vol. 1,1896, p. 103.

b Ibid., p. 113.

elbi.d., p. 136.

rtldem, Vol. HI, 1898, p. 57.

e Ibid., p. 104.

/Physiography of southeastern Kansas: Kans. Univ. Quart., Vol. VII, 1898, p. 98.

ffUniv. Geol. Surv. Kansas, Vol. Ill, 1898, p. 59.

''Kansas Univ. Quart., Vol. II, 1894, p. 123.

i Ibid., p. 110.
ADAMS.] STKATIGKAPHY. 45

limestone is described as consisting of two limestone members, each 

of which varies from 8 to 20 feet in thickness, with an intervening shale. 

From Burlington southward the limestone occurs usually as a single 

bed with a thickness of from 7 to 20 feet. Its outcrop is persistent 

and forms one of the well-marked horizons in the stratigraphy of the 

Coal Measures.

Preliminary faunal list. The following list is based on collections 

from seven localities:

Ftisulina cylindrica. Spirifer caineratus.

Lophophyllum proliferum. Squamularia perplexa.

Syringopora ? sp. Spiriferina kentuckyensis.

Fenestella sp. Arubocoelia planiconvexa. 

Rhombopora lepidodeudroides. Seminula subtilita.

Fistxilipora sp. Hustedia mormoni.

Bhipidomella pecosi. Dielasma sp.

Enteletes heniiplicatus. Pugnax utah.

Derbya crassa. Pseudomonotis equistriafca.

Derbya sp. Myaliiia kansasensis.

Meekella pyraniidalis ?. Allerisma sp.

Chonetes flemingi. ' Sed^wickia sp.

Productus semireticulatus. Soleniscus ponderosns.

Productus cora. Soleniscus ? sp.

Productus nebraskensis. Pleurotomaria ? sp.

Productus punctatus. Bellerophoix indt.

Productus sp. _ Euomphalus subrugosus. 

Marginifera wabashensis.

KANWAKA SHALES.

Definition and synonymy. This name is here proposed for the formation lying between the Oread limestone and the Leconipton limestone. This formation was called the Leconipton shales by Haworth/' 

but the name Lecompton had, previously been applied to a limestone 

formation. The name Elgin sandstone, which was applied by Ha worth 

to the sandstones in the southern part of the State that occupy this 

interval, is applicable in the region in which the sandstones occur, 

but since the intervening distance is so great, and since the term was 

proposed as the equivalent of shale beds, it is not extended to the 

locality near the Kansas River.

Character and extent of the formation. This formation at Leconipton is reported by Bennett to be 100 feet in thickness. It is persistent, 

and varies but little in character, except that in the southern portion 

of the State, south of the Verdigris River, sandstones are conspicuous 

within its limits.

a Univ. Geol. Surv. Kansas, Vol. Ill, 1898, p. 64.
46 UPPER CARBONIFEKOUS OF KANSAS. [BULL.211.

LECOMPTON LIMESTONE.

Definition and synonymy. The Lecompton limestone was named 

and defined by Bennett in his section along the Kansas River. a It 

had already been mentioned by Haworth, & the name evidently being 

adopted from Bennett's manuscript. It was overlooked by Haworth 

and Kirk in the Neosho River section, where it is inconspicuous. It 

is the equivalent of the lower division of the Elk Falls limestone. 6

Character and extent of the formation. According to the description of the outcrops near Lecompton the thickness of this formation 

is about 20 feet. It is separated into three limestone members with 

intervening thin shales. Its outcrop is not conspicuous for considerable of the distance between the Kansas River and the Verdigris, 

since, as a result of its relation to higher limestones, it usually occurs 

at the base of long slopes. Where it is seen it consists of two or more 

members, and retains its relative importance. In the southern part 

of the State, south of Elk River, it is more massive and develops into 

a conspicuous ledge. .

Preliminary.faunal list. The following list is based on collections 

from 14 localities: .

Fusulina cylindrica. Productus sp.

Amblysiphonella sp. . Marginifera wabashensis.

Zaphrentis ? sp. Marginifera lasallensis ?.

Lophophyllum proliferuni. Strophalosia sp.

Campophyllum sp. Spirifer cameratus.

Syringopora ? sp. Spiriferina kentuckyensis.

Archgeocidaris sp. Amboccelia planiconvexa.

Fistulipora 2 sp. Semirmla subtilita.

Fenestella sp. Dielasma bovidens.

Stenopora carbonaria. Dielasina sp.

Stenopora sp. Pugnax ? sp. 

Rhombopora lepidodendroides. Hustedia mormoni,

Rhipidomella pecosi ?. Avicitlopecten sp. 

Enteletes hemiplicatus. . Myalina subquadrata.

Derbya crassa. Myalina wyomingensis. 

Derbya robtista. Myalina kansasensis. . Meekella striaticostata. Avictilopinna sp. 

Chonetes flemingi. Astartella ver'a.

Chonetes granulifer. Euconispira sp.

Productus semireticulatus. Bellerophon percarinatus ?.

Productus pertenuis. Tracliydomia wheeleri ?.

Productus nebraskensis. Naticopsis sp.

Productus cora. Glyphioceras ? sp.

Productus punctatus. Phillipsia major.

"Univ. Geol. Surv. Kansas, Vol. I, i896, p. 116

6Kans. Univ. Quart., Vol. Ill, 1895, p. 278.

cHaworth, Univ. Geol. Surv. Kansas, Vol. Ill, 1898, pp. 65, 66.
ADAMS.] STEATIGEAPHY. 47

TECUMSEH SHALES.

Definition and synonymy, The name Tecuinseh applies to the formation, consisting largely of shales, which appears between the 

Lecompton limestone and the Deer Creek limestone. It was proposed 

by Beede a and was adopted by Haworth. The sandstones which 

occupy this interval south of the Elk River were called the Cave 

Spring sandstones by Haworth 5. This name, however, has not come 

into use, since this portion of the section has not been discussed, and 

there has been no necessity for mentioning the sandstones.

Character and extent of the formation. In the northern part of the 

State this formation is a shale bed which, according to Beede, is 75 

feet thick in Shawnee County. In the southern part of the State it is 

much thinner, and the interval is occupied to a considerable extent 

by sandstone.

DEER CREEK LIMESTONE.

Definition and synonymy. The name Deer Creek limestone was 

proposed by Bennett c for certain beds outcropping along Deer Creek 

near the Kansas River. It has been shown by Bennett's mapping of 

the formation that it is the equivalent of the Strawn of Kirk's Neosho 

River section. The name Strawn being preoccupied by the Strawn 

division of the Coal Measures of Texas, Deer Creek is accordingly 

applicable. This formation is equivalent to the basal portion of what 

was denominated the Upper-Elk Falls. d

Character and extent of the formation. The Deer Creek limestone, 

like the Lecompton, consists of two or more limestone members, with 

intervening shales carrying thin argillaceous limestone. The thickness of the formation is variable, but may be stated to average 25 

feet. The outcrops are not always well defined, and because of the 

similarity of this formation to the subjacent Lecompton and superjacent Hartford it is not easily traced.

Preliminary faunal list. The following list is based on collections 

from 14 localities:

Fusulina cylindrica. Derbya cymbula.

Lopliophyllum proliferuni. Meekella striaticostata.

Syringopora ? sp. Clionetes grairalifer.

Arcliseocidaris sp. Productus semireticulatus.

Fenestella (2 sp.). Productus cora.

Polypora sp. Productus nebraskensis.

Septopora sp. Productus punctatus.

Fistulipora (2sp.). Productus pertenuis. 

Rhombopora lepidodendroides. Productus sp. 

Derbya crassa. ^ Marginifera wabashensis.

Derbya robusta. Marginifera inuricata.

a Trans. Kaus. Acad. Sci., Vol. XV, 1898, p. 28. 

b Univ. Geol. Surv. Kansas, Vol. Ill, 1898, p. 60. 

cldem, Vol. 1,1896, p. 117. 

rf Haworth, idem, Vol. Ill, 1898, pp. 65, 66.
48 UPPER CARBONIFEROUS OF KANSAS. [BULL. 211.

Spirifer cameratus. Aviculopecten occidentalis.

Squamularia perplexa. Myalina subquadrata.

Ambocoelia planiconvexii. Allerisma terminale.

Spiriferina kentuckyensis. Nucula ventricosa ?.

Seminula subtilita. Bellerophon crassus.

Hustedia mormoni. Euomphalus subrugosus. 

Dielasma bovidens.

CALHOUN SHALES.

Definition and synonymy. The shales lying between the Deer Creek 

limestone and the Hartford limestone are known as the Calhotin. 

The name was introduced by Beede n, and was applied to beds outcropping in Shawiiee county.

Character and extent of the formation. In the vicinity of the Kansas 

River these shales are about 60 feet thick. They maintain this 

importance southward to the vicinity of Elk River, where they are 

thinner, and the adjacent limestones are in consequence more closely 

associated.

HARTFORD LIMESTONE.

Definition and synonymy. This name was proposed by Kirk 6 for 

limestones occurring at Hartford, on the Neosho River. The Topeka 

limestone, which was described by Bennett in the Kansas River section,6 is equivalent to this formation. This was determined by the 

mapping done by Bennett. It is the equivalent of the upper part of 

the Upper Elk Falls as described by Haworth.^

Character and. extent of the formation. The thickness of the Hartford limestone is about 25 feet. The individual members are separated by thin shale beds. It is persistent as far as it has been 

studied, although it has many variations in the details of its section.

Preliminary faunal list. The following list is based on collections 

from twelve localities.

Fusulina cylindrica. Chonetes mesolobus.

Amblysiphonella sp. Productus punctatus.

Syringopora inultatterraata. Productus semireticulatus.

Lophophylluni proliferum. Productus nebraskensis.

Eupachycrinus sp. Productus cora.

Archaeocidaris sp. Productus pertenuis?.

Fistulipora carbonaria. Productus sp. 

Rhombopora lepidodendroides. Marginifera wabashensis.

Polypora sp. Spirifer cameratus.

Fenestella sp. Squamularia perplexa.

Derbya crassa. Spiriferina kentuckyensis.

Derbya robusta. Seminula subtilita.

Chonetes granulifer. Dielasma bovidens.

Chonetes flemingi. Hustedia mormoni.

"Trans. Kansas Acad. Sci., Vol. XV, 1898, p. 29. 

fcUniv. Geol. Surv. Kansas, Vol. 1,1896, p. 80. 

clbid., p. 117. 

dldem, Vol. Ill, 1898, pp. 65, 66.
ADAMS.] STRATIGRAPHY. 49

Avicnlopecten occidentalis. 

Aviculopecten ni'coyi. 

Myalina subquadrata. 

Astartella vera.

Leda arata.

Phanerotrema gi'ayvillense. 

Bellerophon sp. 

Euphemus carbonarius.

SEVEKY SHALES.

Definition and synonymy. The shales lying between the Hartford 

limestone and the Howard limestone were called the Osage City shales 

by Hall/' This term was subsequently applied to this formation, 

together with the next higher shale formation, by Haworth 6 in his 

final correlation. In this usage the Howard limestone, which had 

been called the Osage City limestone by Hall, was considered not to 

be of sufficient importance to merit the rank .of a formation. The 

term " Severy shales " was subsequently used for this formation by 

Haworth, c and in view of the use of the word "Osage " to denote other 

rocks elsewhere is here adopted.

Character and extent of the formation. The Severy shales are 

between GO and 75 feet thick, and maintain a surprising uniformity 

in their lithologic character. They are argillaceous, and within a few 

feet of their upper limit c a coal bed is found, which has been mined 

extensively in the vicinity of Osage, Carbondale, and Burlingame. 

This coal, although not usually over 18 inches thick, is of importance 

because of its geographic location. It is the highest bed in the Coal 

Measures which is mined systematically.

Preliminary faunal list. The following list is based on collections 

from four localities:

Lophopkyllurn proliferum. 

Eocidaris sp. 

Archteocidaris sp. 

Enpachycrirms sp. 

Rhombopora lepidodendroides. 

Fistulipora sp. 

Orbictiloidea sp. 

Orbiculoidea inissouriensis. 

Lingula carbonaria. 

Derbya crassa. 

Clionetes flemingi. 

Producttis semii'eticulatus. 

Productus sp. 

Marginifera wabashensis ?. 

Spirifer cameratus. 

Spiriferina kentuckyensis. 

Ambocoelia planiconvexa. 

Seminnla subtilita. 

Hustedia morrnoni. 

Pugnax utah.

Avicnlopecten white!. 

Avicnlopecten sp. 

Streblopteria sp. 

Linii retifera ?. 

Myalina sp. 

Schizodus harei. 

Astartella varica. 

Astartella gurleyi ? 

Clinopistha radiata var. Itevis ?. 

Chtenomya ? sp. 

Sedgwickia ? sp. 

Trepospira sphaerulata. 

Worthenia tabtilata. 

Phanerotrema gray \dllen se. 

Pletirotomaria? (3 sp.) 

Bulirnorpha chrysalis. 

Bulimorpha sp. 

Soleniscus sp. 

Loxonema sp. 

Naticopsis altonensis.

"Univ. Geol. Surv. Kansas, Vol. 1,1896, p. 104. 

bldom, Vol. Ill, 1898, p. 73. 

I Ibid., p. CO.

Bull. 211 03-
50 UPPEE CAEBONIFEEOUS OF KANSAS. [BULL.211.

Euomphalus subrugosus. , Orthoceras rushense.

Euphemus carbonarius. Orthoceras sp.

Patellostium montfortianum. Goniatites sp.

Bellerophon stevensianus. Nautiloid.

Bellerophon sp. Phillipsia scitula.

. HOWARD LIMESTONE.

Definition and synonymy. The name Howard limestone was 

applied by Haworth a to the formation outcropping at Howard, in 

Elk County. This limestone is the same for which the name Osage 

City limestone was used by Hall. 6

Character and extent of the formation. In the vicinity of Howard 

the limestone is usually about 7 feet thick, and throughout its extent 

it is seldom of much importance. At many localities it is only a foot 

or two in thickness, but its occurrence above a bed of easily eroded 

shales makes it conspicuous. This limestone is of interest, since it 

indicates the general line of outcrop of the Osage coal. It was first 

studied in the southern part of the State and has been mapped there 

more extensively than northward. It has been noted in many descriptions and can be identified readily at localities not indicated upon 

the map.

Preliminary faunal list. The following list is based on collections 

from ten localities:

Fusulina cylindrica. Aviculopecten occidentalis.

Lophophyllum proliferum. Aviculopecten whitei.

Stenopora sp. Myalina subquadrata.

Fistulipora sp. Myalina kansasensis. 

Rhombopora lepidodendroides. * Aviculopinna sp. 

Fenestella sp. , Sedgwickia topekensis.

Enteletes hemiplicatus. Edniondia sp.

Derbya robusta. Nucula ventricosa.

Derbya crassa. Naticopsis altonensis. 

Chonetes flemingi. ' Naticopsis sp.

Chonetes sp. Soleniscus sp.

Productus semireticulatus. Bulimorpha chrysalis ?.

Productus cora. Euomphalus subrugosus.

Productus punctatus. Pleurotomaria sp.

Productus nebraskensis. Trepospira sphaerulata.

Productus sp. Phanerotrema grayvillense.

Marginifera wabasheosis. Bellerophon crassus.

Spirifer earneratus. . Patellostium montfortianum.

Amboccelia planiconvexa. Bucanopsis meekana ?.

Spiriferina kentuckyensis. Bucanopsis sp.

Seminula subtilita. Euphemus carbonarius.

Hustedia mormoni. Dentalium sp.

«Univ. Geol. Surv. Kansas, Vol. Ill, 1898, p. 67. 

6 Idem, Vol. 1,1896, p. 104.
ADAMS.] STEATIGEAPHY. 51

BUKLINGAME SHALES.

Definition and synonymy. This name was first used by Ha worth." 

It is applied to the shales which appear between the Howard limestone 

and the Barclay limestone. The term Osage shales was extended by 

I-Iaworth to include this formation, but is here restricted to usage in 

its original sense. The formation referred to as the Osage shales by 

Haworth 6 is now shown to be the equivalent of the Burlingame.

Character and extent of the formation. The Burlingame shales are 

about 120 feet thick in Shawnee County, and are approximately of 

the same importance throughout their extent. Since they are easily 

eroded, they give rise to an escarpment which is a conspicuous feature 

in this portion of the Coal-Measures area. In the vicinity of Silver 

Lake, west of Topeka, as well as at some localities in the southern 

part of the State, thin coal beds occur, which have been worked to a 

limited extent. The small mines in Greenwood, Elk, and Chautauqua counties are probably at this horizon.

Preliminary faunal list. The'following list is based on collections 

from four localities:

Lingula carbonaria. Dielasina bovidens.

Euteletes hemiplicatus Hustedia mormoni.

Derbya robusta. Myalina perattemiata.

Chonetes flemingi. Sedgwickia sp.

Producttis semireticulatus. Yoldia subscittila.

Prodtictus nebraskensis. Chaenoinya sp.

Marginifera wabashensis. Pleurophorus sp.

Spirifer camerattis. Schizodus sp.

Amboccelia planicouvexa. Bncanopsis meekana.

Seininula subtilita. Ostracoda.

BARCLAY LIMESTONE.

Definition and synonymy. This name is here introduced for the 

limestone which succeeds the Burlingame shales. The name WyckofE 

limestone was used for this formation c and applied to outcrops in the 

Neosho River section. The name Wyckoff, however, is preoccupied 

by a limestone of the Cincinnatian of Minnesota/' The name Burlingame limestone, proposed by IIall, e is likewise preoccupied by the 

shale formation of that name, although the term has been extensively 

used by I-Iaworth. The name Eureka limestone, introduced by 

Haworth/ is likewise preoccupied by the Eureka quartzite of 

Colorado.

Character and extent of the formation. This formation is reported 

by Beede as consisting in Shawnee County of two members, separated

oKansas Unir. Quart., Vol. Ill, 1895, p. 278. 

J> Univ. Geol. Sui-v. Kansas, Vol. Ill, .1.808, p. 07.. 

c Kansas Univ. Quart., Vol. II, 1894, p. 111.

rfHall and Sardeson.Bull. Geol. Soc. Ani., Vol. Ill, 1893, pp. 332-330. 

eUniv. Geol. Surv. Kansas, Vol. 1,1896, p. 105. 

. /Idem, Vol. Ill, 1898, p. 67.
52 UPPER CARBONIFEROUS OF KANSAS. [BOLL.211.

by a thin shale. The limestone has a thickness of from 4 to 7 feet. 

The lower member is the more conspicuous in the field. Hall reported 

it as 8 feet thick at Burlingame. It occurs in an escarpment above 

the Burlingame shales and can be readily traced. The upper member 

usually lies back some distance from the brow of the escarpment, and 

its occurrence is often masked.

Preliminary faunal list. The following list is based on collections 

from four localities:

Fusulina cylindrica. Productus cora.

Archseocidaris sp. Productus nebraskensis.

Fenestella (several sp.). Spirifer eameratus.

Rhombopora lepidodendroides. Seminula subtilita.

Enteletes hemiplicatus. Pleurotomaria sp.

Derby a sp. Euomphalus subrugosus. 

Chonetes flemingi.

OLPE SHALES.

Definition and synonymy. This term is here proposed for the shales 

lying between the Barclay limestone and the Emporia limestone. 

These shales have been described, but thus far have received no name.

Character and extent of the formation. The formation has not been 

studied extensively outside of Lyon County, where it has been limited 

by the mapping of the adjacent limestones. The thickness is reported 

to be from 50 to 60 feet.

Preliminary faunal list. The following list is based on collections 

from four localities:

Archceocidaris sp. Allerisma terniinale. 

Rhombopora lepidodendroides. Sedgwickia sp.

Fistulipora sp. Edmondia sp.

Enteletes hemiplicatus. Pleurophorus sp.

Derbya crassa. Pleurophorus occidentalis ?.

Chonetes flemingi?. Pleurophorus ? sp.

Chonetes glaber. Astartella ? sp. 

Aulacorhynchus millepunctatuin. ' Macrodon carbonarius.

Productus cora. Schizodus sp.

Productus nebraskensis. Schizodus' (small sp.).

Spirifer eameratus. Loxonerna sp.

Spiriferina kentuckyensis. Soleniscus sp.

Aviculopecten sp. Bulimorpha sp.

Entolium aviculatum. Pleurotomaria ? (2 sp.).

Bakewellia sp. Bellerophon stevensianus.

Myalina swallow!. Bellerophon n. sp. (?)

Modiola subelliptica. Dentalium sp.

EMPORIA LIMESTONE.

Definition'and synonymy. This name was applied by Kirka to a 

limestone formation in the Kansas River section, which had been 

previously described by Haworth and Kirk 6 as bed No. 10, but not 

otherwise named.

a Univ. Geol. Surv. Kansas, Vol. 1,1896, p. 80. >> Kansas Univ. Quart., Vol. II, 1894, p. 111.
ADAMS.] STRATIGRAPHY. 53

Character and extent of the formation. This limestone has been 

mapped in Lyon County by A. J. Smith, where it is found to be persistent. Its thickness is not very definitely reported, but may be 

stated as about 10 feet.

Preliminary faunal list. The following list is based on a collection 

from one locality:

Ftisulina cylindrica. Bellerophon inclet.

ADMIRE SHALES.

Definition and synonymy. This name is here introduced for the 

shales lying between the Emporia limestone and the Americns limestone. This formation has not heretofore been named.

Character and extent of the formation. The Admire shales have 

been defined by the mapping in Lyon County. The thickness assigned 

to them is 40 feet, although they have been studied in only a very 

general way.

Preliminary faunal list. The following list is based on collections 

from one locality:

Fusulina cylindrica. Productus semireticulatus. 

Rhipidomella pecosi. Spirifer cameratus. 

Mrekella striaticostata. Ambocoelia planiconvexa. 

Derbya crassa. Seminula subtilita. 

Productiis cora. Htistedia morinoni. 

Productus nebraskensis.

AMERICUS LIMESTONE.

Definition and synonymy. The name Americus limestone' was 

applied by Kirk a to a formation in the Neosho River section which 

had been previously described by Plaworth and Kirk as limestone 

No. 11. This formation has been identified by A. J. Smith, and 

mapped by him in Lyon County. b

Character and extent of the formation. This formation was reported 

by Kirk to be in two members, separated by a thin shale interval. 

The lower limestone is stated to have a thickness of 16 inches. This 

is the ledge which is quarried, and which Smith has stated, to vary 

from. 16 to 22 inches in thickness. The formation has not been 

mapped outside of Lyon County, excepting that Bennett has indicated in a general way its continuation into Greenwood County.

Preliminary faunal list. The following list is based on collections 

from two localities:

Fusulina cylindrica. Orbiculoidea sp.

Lophophylluin proliferuni. Enteletes hemiplicatus.

Archaeocidaris sp. Derbya crassa.

Fenestella sp. Meekella striaticostata.

Fistulipora sp. Chonetes granulifer.

Rhombopora lepidodendroides. Chonetes verneuilianus.

«Univ. Geol. Surv. Kansas, Vol. 1,1896, p. 80. *>Kansas Acad. Sei.,Vol. XVII, 1901, p. 189.
54 . UPPER CARBONIFEROUS OF KANSAS. [BULL. 211.

Producttis semireticulatus. Pugnax utah.

Productus nebraskensis ?. Pleurophorus sp.

Marginifera wabashensis. Aviculopinna sp.

Spirifer cameratus. Sedgwickia geinitzi.

Amboccelia planiconvexa. Phillipsia sp. 

Seminula subtilita.

ELMDALE FORMATION.

Definition and synonymy. This formation succeeds the Americus 

limestone. Its upper limit is the Neva limestone. It is a portion of 

what was called the Wabaunsee formation by P.rosser, a but it has not 

heretofore received a distinct -name.

Character and extent of the formation. The rocks included within 

the Elmdale formation aggregate about 130 feet in thickness and 

consist largely of shales, with some thin interbedded limestones, which 

are not generally conspicuous. The individual beds of limestone are 

seldom more than 3 or 4 feet thick, and do not produce definite topographic features. Thus. far the formation has been mapped only 

within the Cottonwood Falls quadrangle.

Preliminary faunal list. The following list is based on collections 

from eight localities;

Ftisulina cylindrica. Ambocoelia planiconvexa.

Archseocidaris sp. Serninula snbtilita.

Fenestella sp. Avictilopecten occidentalis.

Stenopora sp. Pseudomonotis sp. 

Rhombopora lepidodendroides. Myalina avicnloides ?.

Derby a crassa. Aviculopinna sp.

Meekella striaticostata. Edmondia sp.

Chonetes flemingi ?. Pleurophorus sp.

Chonetes granulifer. Leda sp. .

Productus cora. Schizodus sp.

Productus nebraskensis. Pleurotomaria ? sp.

Productus semireticulatus. Patellostiuni montfortianuni. 

Productus sp. Ostracoda. 

Spirifer cameratus.

NEVA LIMESTONE.

Definition and synonymy. The Neva limestone has a conspicuous 

outcrop, although it is relatively a thin formation. It was named the 

Drybone limestone by Swallow, 6 but inasmuch as this is not a geographic term the name Neva has been adopted. The limestone denominated the Dunlap system by Kirk, c in his Neosho River section, 

embraces what is here called the Neva limestone, together with a 

thinner bed which is found in the upper part of the Elmdale formation. The Neva formation is a portion of what Prosser called the 

Wabaunsee.

Character and extent of the formation. This formation has been

a Jour. Geol., Vol. Ill, 1895, p. 688.

&Prel. Bept. Geol. Surv. Kansas, 1866, p. 16.

» Univ. Geol. Surv. Kansas, Vol. 1,1896, p. 81.
ADAMS.] STRATIGRAPHY. 55

identified at a number of places, but lias been mapped only in the 

Cottonwood Falls quadrangle. The outcrop is conspicuous, and the 

peculiar texture of the rock is such as to'have suggested the name 

Drybone. It weathers with a rough surface, and is not so suitable for 

building stone as the Cottonwood limestone, which lies a short distance 

above it. Its thickness is approximately 10 feet, and it occurs in two 

beds, separated by a thin, shaly member.

ESKRIDGE SHALES.

Definition and synonymy. These shales have not been previously 

named. They are the highest beds which Avere included by Prosser 

in the Wabaunsee formation. Their lower limit is the Neva limestone and their upper limit the Cottonwood limestone.

Character and extent. The thickness of the Eskridge shales varies 

from 30 to 40 feet and includes thin beds of limestone. The formation 

has been mapped within the Cottonwood Falls quadrangle.

Preliminary faunal list. The following list is based on collections 

from four localities:

Amboccelia planiconvexa. Myalina sp. 

Aviculopecten occidentalis. PseiTdomonotis hawni. 

Myalina perattenuata ?.

COTTONWOOD LIMESTONE.

Definition and synonymy. This formation consists of a conspicuous 

limestone, which has been quarried extensively for building stone. 

It was denominated the-Cottonwood Falls limestone by Haworth and 

Kirk." It is the lower portion of Prosser's Cottonwood formation, 

which included, besides the limestone, which he called the Cottonwood, 6 the Cottonwood shales, c which succeed ii. d

Character and extent of the formation. The Cottonwood limestone 

is approximately 6 feet thick. It occurs with remarkable uniformity, 

and has been mapped in detail in the Cottonwood Falls quadrangle. 

Its general line of outcrop has been studied northward to the Kansas' 

River by Prosser, 6 and Beede has mapped it approximately in a 

reconnaissance which he made in the valley of Blue River. e It is a 

conspicuous formation, and has been noted by many observers 

because of its adaptability for building stone.

Preliminary faunal list. The following list is based on collections 

from six localities: .

Fusulina cylindrica. Meekella striaticostata.

Septopora sp. Chonetes grantilifer.

Fenestella sp. Producttis semireticxilafrus.

Stenopora sp. Senrimila subtilita.

Rhombopora lepidodendroides. Aviculopecten occidentalis.

a Kansas Univ. Quart., Vol. II, 1894, p. 112. a Jour. Geol., Vol. in, 1895, p. 097.

.'' Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., Vol. VI, 1894, p. 40. e Kansas Univ. Quart., Vol. IX, 1900, p. 191.
56 UPPER CARBONIFEROUS OF .KANSAS. [BULL.211..

GARRISON FORMATION.

Definition and synonymy. The Garrison formation may be denned 

as. occurring between the Cottonwood limestone and the "Wreford 

limestone. It includes at its base the Cottonwood shales as denned 

by Prosser/' and the portion above these shales was referred by him 

to the Neosho formation. 5

Character and extent of the formation. The Garrison formation has 

been mapped only in the Cottonwood Falls quadrangle. It has not 

been studied as a distinct formation at other localities, but the 

limiting limestones have been observed at localities on the Kansas 

River and northward toward Nebraska. It is about 120 feet thick 

and consists largely of shales. The interstratified limestones are 

from 1 to 4 feet in thickness and are not of stratigraphic importance.

Preliminary faunal list. -The following list is based on collections 

from fifty-one localities:

Fusulina cylindrica. Aviculopecten occidentalis.

Axophylluin rude. Aviculopecten m'coyi.

Archseocidaris sp. Aviculopecten cf. whitei.

Serpula sp. . Aviculopecten sp.

Thanmiscus sp. Pseudomonotis hawni.

Fenestella sp. ' Pseudomonotis equistriata.

Septopora sp. . Pseudomonotis kansasensis.

Pinnatopora sp. Myalina kansasensis.

Cystodictya divisa. Myalina perattenuata ?.

Streblotrypa prisca. Pinna? peracuta.

Meekopora sp. Aviculopinna illinoisensis. 

Stenopora carbonaria. . Sedgwickia granosa ?. 

Rhombopora lepidodendroides. Schizodus sp.

Derbya robusta. Pleurophorus sp.

Meekella striaticostata. Edmondia sp.

Chonetes grantilifer. Yoldia subscitula ?.

Productus semireticulatus. Soleniscus sp.

Productus nebraskensis. Naticopsis sp. 

Producttis cora. . Euomphalus stibrugosus.

Spirifer cameratus. Numerous indt. small gast.

Ambocoelia planiconvexa. Patellostium sp.

Seminula subtilita. Orthoceras sp.

Dielasma bovidens ?. Phillipsia scitula.

Pugnax utah. Ostracoda. 

Hustedia mormoni.

WREFORD LIMESTONE.

Definition and synonymy. This name was introduced by Hay c to 

denote the limestone which is the equivalent of what was subsequently denominated the Strong flint by Prosser a and which forms 

the base of what he called the Chase formation/

a Jour. Geol., Vol. Ill, 1895. A Jour. Geol., Vol. Ill, 1895, p. 772. 

b Ibid., p. 706. elbid., p. 771. 

c Eighth Bien. Eept. State Bd. Agr., p. 104.
ADAMS.] . STKATIGKAPHY. 57

Character and extent of the formation. The Wreforcl limestone is 

about 40 feet thick. It contains a large amount of flint and is the 

first limestone in the series which has this character. It has thus far 

been mapped only within the Cottonwood Falls quadrangle. Its 

nature is such that its outcrop forms a conspicuous escarpment. 

Quarries have been opened in it at several localities, but it is valuable only for ballast and rough stone.

Preliminary faunal list. The following list is based on collections 

from fourteen localities:

Archaeocidaris sp. Myalina perattenuata ?.

Septopora sp. ° Myalina kansasensis.

Fenestella sp. ' Mocliola stibelliptica ?. 

Rhombopora lepidodendroides. Pinna ? peracuta.

Derbya robusta. Yoldia subscitula ?.

Meekella striaticostata. Eclmondia sp.

Chonetes granulifer. Schizodus sp. 

Productus nebraskensis. . Macrodon carbonarius.

Productus semireticulatus. Pleurophorus calhcrani.

Seininula subtilita. Pleurophorus sp.

Aviculopecten occidentalis. Bellerophon sp.

Aviculopecten sp. Naticopsis sp.

Entolium avicnlatum. Euomphalus cubrugosus.

Pseudomonotis hawni, Phillipsia scitnla.

Posidonoinya ? sp. Ostracoda. 

Myalina aviculoides'?.

MATFIELD SHALES.

Definition and synonymy. This formation has not previously been 

defined. It was included by Prosser in the Chase formation/' Its 

lower limit is the Wreford limestone and its upper limit the Florence 

flint.

Character and extent of the formation. The Matfield shales have 

thus far been mapped only within the Cottonwood Falls quandragle, 

although the formations which limit them above and below have been 

.studied more widely. Inasmuch as this formation consists largely of 

shales and lies between two beds which form escarpments, it usually 

occurs in a slope or bench. Some thin limestone beds are found 

within it. The thickness may be stated as 70 feet.

Preliminary faunal list. The following list is based on collections 

from sixteen localities:

Axophylluni rude. Productus nebraskensis.

Archaeocidaris sp. Productus semireticulatus.

Spirorbis sp. . Amboccelia planiconvexa.

Septopora sp. Seminula stibtilita. 

Rhombopora lepidodendroides. Aviculopecten occidentalis.

Derbya robusta. Myalina pei'attenuata.

Meekella straticostata. Myalina siibquadrata.

Chonetes sp. Bakewellia parva.

«Jour. Geol., Vol. Ill, 1895, p. 771.
58 UPPER CARBONIFEROUS OF KANSAS. [BULL. 211.

. Allerisma terminate. . Schizodtis sp.

Sedgwickia altirostrata. Pleurophoms ? sp.

.Sedgwickia sp. ' Euompkalus sp.

Chaenomya minnehaha ?. Bellerophoii indt.

Edmondia sp. Gasteropod indt. .

FLORENCE FLINT.

Definition and synonymy. This formation was named by Prosser 

from the locality of Florence, where it is quarried extensively. It is 

the second limestone formation of the series which contains an abundance of flint. It is a portion of what was denominated the Chase 

formation by Prosser/'

Character and extent of the formation. The Florence flint has thus 

far been mapped only within the Cottonwood Falls quadrangle, but 

because of its strong lithologic characters it has been possible to 

identify it at widely separated localities. The thickness assigned is 

20 feet.

Preliminary faunal list. The following list is based on collections 

from fifteen localities:

Fenestella sp. > Myalina aviculoides ?.

Septopora sp. Pseiidonionotis hawni.

Derbya robusta. Bakewellia parva.

Meekella striaticostata. . Chaenomya leavenworthensis.

Prodiicttis semireticulatiis. - Pleurophorus sp.

Ambocoelia planiconvexa. Euomphalus subrtigosus.

Semintila stibtilita. Naticopsis sp.

Avicnlopecten occidentalis. Phillipsia scittila. 

Myalina perattenuata.

FORT RILEY LIMESTONE.

Definition and syiwnymy. Tliis name was introduced by Swallow. 5 

It is No. 52 of his section, described as occurring at Fort Riley and 

on Cottonwood River and Fancy Creek. The central part of it is 

supposedly the equivalent of the Fort Riley main ledge, so denominated by Hay. c The limestone denominated the Florence flint and 

limestone by Prosser a is the equivalent of the upper portion of the 

Fort Riley limestone as here defined. This formation is a part of 

the Chase formation, as described by Prosser.

Character and extent of the formation. The formation as above 

defined lias been mapped within the Cottonwood Falls quadrangle, 

where it has a thickness of about 40 feet.

Preliminary faunal list. The following list is based on collections 

from twenty-nine localities:

Fusulina cylindrica. Septopora sp.

Archseocidaris sp. Fenestella sp.

Meekopora sp. Derbya robusta.

Bhombopora lepidodendroides. Meekella striaticostata.

«Jour. Geol.,Vol. Ill, 1895, p. 771. c Eighth Bien. Eept. State Board Agr, p. 104. 

&Prel. Eept; GeoLSurv. Kansas, 1866, p. 14. d Jour. Geol., Vol. HI, 1895, p. 772.
ADAMS.] - STRATIGRAPHY. ' 59

Chonetes gramilifer. Allerisma granostim ?.

Productus semireticulatus. Chaenomya leavenworthensis.

Marginifera wabashensis. Sedgwickia altirostrata.

Amboccelia planiconvexa. Edmondia sp.

Seminula subtilita. Pleurophorus sp.

Avictilopecten occidentals. Schizodus sp.

Avictilopecten germanus?. Euomphahis subrugosus.

Avictilopecten sp. Euorn.pb.alus pernodosus ?.

Streblopteria n. sp. Gasteropod indt.

Pinna '? peractita. Bellerophon indt.

 Bakewellia parva. Phillipsia major. 

Allerisma terminate.

DOYLE SHALES.

Definition and synonymy. These shales have not been previously 

named. They were included within the Chase formation by Prosser. 

As here defined they occur between the Fort Riley limestone and the 

.Winfield formation.

Character and extent of the formation. The Doyle shales have a 

thickness of about 60 feet. They include some thin,, inconspicuous 

limestones. The formation occurs in benches and slopes, and has 

thus far been mapped only within the Cottonwood Falls quadrangle.

Preliminary faunal list. The following list is based on collections 

from five localities:

Archaeocidaris sp. Bakewellia parva.

Fenestella sp. Myalina sp.

Derbya robusta. Pleurophorus sp.

Meekella striaticostata. Schizodtis sp.

Productus seniireticulatus. Edmondia ? sp.

Seminula subtilita. Gasteropod indt.

Aviculopecten occidentals. Dentalium sp.

WINFIELD FORMATION.

Definition and synonymy. This formation is the top of the Chase 

formation, as described by Prosser, and includes what he called the 

Marion flint and Marion concretionary limestone."

Character and extent of the formation. As here defined, the Winfield formation has a thickness of from 20 to 25 feet. At the base 

there is a bed of cherty limestone about 4 feet thick; above this there 

is a bed of shales about 13 feet in thickness, and at the top is a concretionary limestone about 10 feet in thickness. The name was introduced by Prosser from the locality of Winfield, but the formation is 

so characteristic in appearance that there is little doubt that it is 

identical with the Winfield formation in the Cottonwood Falls quadrangle, where it has been mapped and studied in detail.

Jour. Geol., Vol. Ill, 1895, p. 772.
60 UPPEE CABBONTFEBOUS OF KANSAS. [BOLL. 211.

Preliminary faimed list. The following list is based on collections 

from- fifteen localities:

Archseocidaris sp. Myalina perattenuata.

Septopora sp. Aviculopinna illinoisensis.

Derbya robusta. Bakewellia parva.

Productus semireticulatus. Pletirophorus sp.

Ambocoelia planiconvexa?. Nucula? sp.

Seminula subtilita. Schizodus sp.

Aviculopecten occidentalis. Bellerophon indt. 

Pseudomonotis sp.

MARION FORMATION.

Definition and synonymy-. This name was introduced by Prosser a 

from the locality of Marion, where it is represented. The Marion 

concretionary limestone and Marion flint, named by him, should not 

be confused with it, since, as has already been stated, they belong in 

the Winfield formation. Although there may be some question 

because of apparent synonymy as to the propriety of retaining the 

name Marion, it is thought best to do so, since it was used as a formation name, the terms Marion, flint and Marion concretionary limestone being names given to individual beds. It is probable that the 

Abilene conglomerate, named by Prosser, 6 will be included in the 

Marion formation.

Character and extent of tlie formation. This formation consists 

largely of shales, although it contains some thin concretionary limestones and some thin-bedded limestones. Its upper limit has not been 

definitely fixed. About 100 feet of it is represented in the Cottonwood Falls quadrangle, where a portion of it has been mapped. Its 

entire thickness has been estimated at between 300 and 400 feet.

Preliminary fanned list. The following list is based on collections 

from twenty-eight localities:

Spirorbis sp. Leda sp.

Septopora sp. Nucula sp.

Derbya robusta. Edmondia subtruncata?

Productus semireticulatus. . Edmondia? sp.

Seminula subtilita. Pleurophorus sp.

Aviculopecten occidentalis. Aclis? sp.

Pseudomonotis hawni. Soleniscus sp.

Myalina aviculoides? Gasteropod indt.

Bakewellia parva. Bellerophon stevensianus? 

Pinna ? peracuta. Phillipsia sp.

Yoldia subscitula.

WELLINGTON SHALES.

The name "Wellington shales" was proposed by Cragin c for the 

shales above the Marion formation. This name has been accepted by 

Prosser.^ On the Smoky Hill River, and to the west of the area in 

which the formations above described are typically represented, the

a Jour. Geol., Vol. Ill, 1895, p. "86 « Colorado College Studies,^Vol. VI, pp. 3 and .16. 

6 Ibid., p. 788. dUniv. Geol. Surv. Kansas, Vol. II, p. 67.
ADAMS.] STBATIGEAPHY. 61

thickness of the Wellington shales is 200 feet or more. They are overlain on their western border by the Cretaceous rocks. A brief reference to their variation in their lateral extent has been made in this 

paper under the head of '' Divisions of the Carboniferous on lithologic 

grounds."

FORMATIONS DESCRIBED IN" NORTHERN INDIAN TERRITORY AND PRELIMINARY LISTS OF FOSSILS FROM 

THEM.

FOET SCOTT LIMESTONE.

This formation was traversed with considerable care from west 

of Chetopa, on the Kansas border, into Indian Territory as far as 

the Arkansas River. 08 It occurs in a prominent escarpment, and 

the stripping of coal and the quarrying of the limestone in this 

operation render the outcrop conspicuous. It trends past Kinnison and Eagle to Chelsea. From Chelsea the outcrop is nearly 

parallel with the railroad to Claremore and Catoosa. Throughout 

this interval the limestone is less important. A sandstone, which 

is interbedded between the two members, gradually develops, and the 

lower member is seldom seen. In the town of Catoosa, and on the 

creek to the southwest, the upper limestone is exposed. The strike 

of the formation from Catoosa is southwestward across the Arkansas River. It could not be followed with certainty because of the 

disappearance of the limestones, but the horizon, as indicated by 

associated sandstones, was traversed to a point between Holdenville 

and Wewoka. This made possible the correlation of the Kansas section of the Coal Measures with that of the area of the Choctaw coal 

field thus far surveyed, and shows that in the Choctaw Nation there 

are above the lowest productive coal 9,000 feet of shales and sandstone which are lower than the Fort Scott limestone. It will be 

remembered that the Cherokee shales, which occur below the Fort 

Scott limestone in Kansas, are but 450 feet thick. It is probable that 

the increased thickness of the section in the eastern part of the Indian 

Territory is due to a thickening of the shales and sandstones southward and an unconformity and overlap along the contact with the 

Lower Carboniferous.

Preliminary faunal list. The following fossils were obtained at one 

locality:

Fusulina cylindrica. Marginifera wabashensis.

Lophopkyllum proliferum. Spirifer cameratus.

Arcliaeocidaris sp. Squanmlaria perplexa. 

Rhonibopora lepiclodendroides. Spiriferina kentuckyensis.

Orbiculoidea rnissouriensis. Semirrala snbtilita.

Derbya crassa. Dielasrna bovidens.

Chonetes mesolobxis. Hustedia mormoni.

Chonetes flemingi. ' Bellerophon crassus.

Productus semiretictilatus. Orthoceras sp.

"Adams, Bull. U. S. Geol. Survey No. 184,1902, p. 15.
62 UPPEE CAEBON1FEEOUS OF KANSAS. [BULL.211.

OOLOGAH LIMESTONE.

Type locality. This formation was named by Drake a from exposures at Oologah. The thickness assigned in the sections accompanying the description is 50 feet. The line of outcrop of this formation 

was not mapped.

Correlation. The limestone outcropping at Oologah is reported by 

Bennett to consist of two members, separated by a shale bed. From 

Oologah south westward this formation occurs conspicuously in bluffs, 

which are particularly prominent on the Verdigris River and Bird 

Creek. West of Catoosa the limestone outcrops at many places on 

the divide between the Verdigris and Arkansas rivers. It is quarried 

extensively for ballast at Mingo, at which place it has a thickness of 

nearly 100 feet, according to the record of a drilled well. This estimate, however, may include some shale beds. The coal which is mined 

at Dawson and. at places farther north toward Connellsville occurs 

above this limestone. The outcrop of the limestone trends to the 

southwest, but has not been followed beyond the Arkansas River.

From the vicinity of Oologah the formation Avas traced northeastward to the Kansas line. It is conspicuous along the Verdigris east 

of Nowata and in the escarpment west of Big Creek all the way to 

the Kansas boundary. In this interval there are two members, separated by an interval of shale which thickens northward until it is 

approximately 100 feet on the head of Big Creek. The upper member of the limestone was "deter mined by Mr. Bennett to be the equivalent of the lower member of the Parsons formation as mapped and 

defined by Adams. The equivalency of the lower member of the 

Oologah has not been definitely determined. It is not impossible that 

it may prove to be a continuation of the Pawnee. The Parsons limestone in the southern part of Labette County has been reviewed by 

Bennett and found to consist of two members, the upper member of 

which has been mapped only tentatively in the Indian Territory. 

This limestone was observed by Adams along the Verdigris River at 

several localities south of Colfeyville. The thin ledge seen on the 

hill in the western part of Nowata is a representative of it. The shale 

bed which separates the upper and lower members of the Parsons 

apparently thickens in the Indian Territory.

Preliminary faunal lists. The following fossils were obtained from 

the lower Oologah limestone and are from four localities:

Campophyllum sp. Productiis cora.

Syringopora ? sp. Productus semireticulattis.

Fenestella sp. Marginifera wabashensis.

Septopora sp. . Spirifer cameratus.

Fistulipora sp. Squamularia perplexa.

Derbya crassa. Seminula subtilita. 

Producttis nebraskensis.

aproc. Am. Philos. Soc., Vol. XXXVI, 1897, p. 377.
U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY BULLETIN NO. 211 PL. IV

limestone 

._._._._ Upper- Parsons limestone

MAT5 SHOWING LINES OF OUTCROPS OF CERTAIN LIMESTONES ' 

limestone IK INDIAN TERRITORY AND OKLAHOMA __

By CTeorge I. Adams ____

HQEWa.CO..BALTlMORE MD.

Scale 40 Tail e s

Ooloa^ l

Loix-er Oolooali limestone

Fort Scott "limes tone
ADAMS.] STBATIGRAPHY. 63

The following fossils are from the Oologali limestone at four localities where the upper and lower members are closely associated:

Amplexus sp. Productus semireticulatus.

Campophylluin torquium? Spirifer cameratus.

Axophyllurn rude. Squamularia perplexa.

Syringopora ? sp. . Spiriferina kentuckyensis.

Fenestella sp. Seminula subtilita.

Fistulipora sp. Cleiothyris orbicularis.

Prisrnopora serrata. Hustedia mormoni. 

Rliombopora lepidodendroides.

The following fossils were.obtained from the upper limestone member of the Parsons at one locality:

Lophophyllmii proliferuin. Marginifera wabasheiisis.

Cladopora ? sp. Spirifer cameratus.

Fenestella sp. ' Squamularia perplexa.

Stenopora sp. Spiriferina kentuckyensis.

Fistulipora sp. Seminula subtilita.

Prismopora serrata. Cleiothyris orbicularis.

Orbiculoidea inissouriensis. Hustedia mormoni. 

Chonetes fiemingi.

COAL ABOVE THE OOLOGAH LIMESTONE.

Localities. At Dawson there is a bed of coal which is from 26 to 30 

inches thick. It has been mined by stripping and has been opened 

at several localities adjacent to Dawson. The bed at Collmsville is 

perhaps in the same horizon. The position of the coal with respect 

to the Oologah limestone, as determined by a well record, is something 

over 200 feet higher.

Preliminary faunal list. From the shales associated with the coal 

bed the following fossils were obtained from four localities:

Aulopora sp. Nucula ventricosa. 

Fenestella sp. Leda bellistriata. 

Chonetes glaber. Phanerotrema gi-ayvillense. 

Martinia ? sp. Phanerotrema n. sp. 

Aviculopecten sp. Euornphalus subrugosus. 

Aviculopecten carboniferus. Euphemus carbonarius. 

Allerisnia terminale. Orthoceras rushense. 

Edmondia sp. . Temnocheilus sp. 

"Schizodus sp.

DRUM LIMESTONE.

Locality and thickness. In studying the oil and gas fields of the 

Indian Territory a the Drum limestone was traversed by Adams from 

the outcrop west of Coffeyville to Bartlesville. It occurs on the divide 

between the Verdigris and Caney, extending southward to Hogshooter 

Creek, and thence northwestward to Bartlesville. The section of the 

formation has not been studied in detail. Its thickness within the

a Bull. U. S. Geol. Survey No. 184,1902.
64 UPPEE OABBONIFEBOUS OF KANSAS. [BULL.!ZII.

Territory, however, varies considerably from that which it has near the 

Kansas line. The mapping of it presented herewith is only tentative. 

Preliminary faunal list. The following fossils were obtained at 

three localities:

Campophylltim torquium. Euconispira sp. 

Axophyllum rude. Seminula snbtilita. 

Fenestella sp.

PAWHUSKA LIMESTONE.

Locality and thickness. This formation was named by J. P. Smith, a 

who determined some fossils from it and referred it to the Upper Coal 

Measures. On the authority of Mr. II. C. Hoover, who collected the 

fossils, the formation is reported to be 100 feet thick and to consist of 

massive limestone, which is found outcropping 3 miles northwest of 

Pawhuska. In Drake's section the greatest thickness given for a bed 

identified as Pawhuska limestone is 10 feet. The line of outcrop of 

this formation was not mapped by Drake.

Correlation. The Lecompton, Deer Creek, and Hartford limestone 

formations are shown in the mapping by Bennett to be the equivalent 

of the limestones which were reported by Haworth from Adams's field 

notes as the Upper and Lower Elk Falls. A more careful stiuty has 

shown that what was called the Upper Elk Falls is the equivalent of 

the Deer Creek and Hartford.

In the reconnaissance made in the Osage Nation by Adams 6 the limestones which had been denominated the Elk Falls were traversed and 

found to be the equivalent of the Pawhuska, which had been named 

previously by Smith. In the report of this reconnaissance it is stated 

that the Pawhuska consists of three distinct members. It is possible 

that they are the equivalents of the Lecompton, Deer Creek, and 

Hartford formations, although there is little certainty in such correlation, the intervening distance being so great.

LIMESTONE AT PAWNEE, OKLA.

Locality. This formation was named by Drake. c It is the limestone which outcrops on the east side of the court-house grounds at 

Pawnee, Okla. Its line of outcrop was not mapped. The name 

Pawnee is preoccupied by the Pawnee limestone of Swallow in the 

Kansas section. This limestone can not now be correlated with the 

Kansas section from stratigraphic information.

Preliminary faunal list. The following fossils were obtained at 

the court-house square in Pawnee:

Fusulina cylindrica. Meekopora sp.

Sponge. Derbya robusta ?.

Eocidaris ? sp. Meekella striaticostata.

a Jour. Qeol., Vol. II, 1894, p. 199; see also Proc. Am. Philos. Soc., Vol. XXXV, 1896, p. 290. 

b Carboniferous and Permian age of the Red Beds of eastern Oklahoma: Am. Jour. Sci.,.4th ser., 

Vol. XII, 1901, p. 384. 

cProc. Am. Philos. Soc., Vol. XXXVI, 1897, p. 386, footnote.
ADAMS.] STEATIGEAPHY. 65

Chonetes flemingi ?. 

Productus semireticulatus. 

Productus nebraskensis. 

Prodnctiis cora. 

Productus sp. 

Marginifera wabashensis. 

Spirifer earner atus. 

Arubocoelia planiconvexa.

Semirmla subtilita. 

Hustedia inorinoni. 

Dielasma bovidens. 

Pugnax ntah. 

Aviculopecten m'coyi. 

Aviculopecten occidentalis. 

Euomphalus subrugosus.

COLUMNAR SECTION.

The individual formations which have been described are here presented in a columnar section. No attempt is now made to group the 

formations, or to establish divisions of the Coal Measures, such as 

Upper, Middle, and Lower. The sedimentation was continuous, and 

there is no definite faunal break.

The thickness assigned to the individual formations is not in all 

cases the thickness observed where the type section was made, for in 

their lateral extent many variations are known to occur, and it has been 

thought best to state an average which may be used in estimating the 

total thickness Of the formations. From a number of computations 

and from comparison with the records of deep wells it has been, found 

that the sum of the thickness of individual formations agrees fairly 

well with the section which would be passed through in boring.

Columnar section of the Carboniferous rocks of Kansas.

No. Name of formation.

Thickness in 

feet.

Wellington shales ..........__-._......-----.-._.._.____..._.._..... +200

Marion formation .................................................... +100

Winfield formation............... ........................t......... 25

Doyle shales.. .........................................^............... 60

Fort Riley limestone.............................. ................... 40

Florence flint......................................................... 20

Matfield shales ..... ..-.---....-.-.- --...--...................... 70

Wrefordlimestone ---.--.-.-....-....---.-..--.......... .-.......... 40

Garrison formation......--....-.-.--....-............................ 120

Cottonwoodlimestone .............................................. 6

37 Eskridge shales --..-.....-.-.-.---..-...---.............-.--........ 40

36 Neva limestone.... ......-...-.-.-..-.--...---........-............. 10

35 Elmdale formation .............._--.--............................. 130

34 Americus limestone ............ ................. .................... 5

33 Admire shales..-.--..--------.-----.--...--.--.-...-----............ 40

32 Emporia limestone.-----..-..---------------..-.--.-.-............... 10

31 Olpe shales...............:....."..-.--.-..-.'......................... 60

30 Barclay limestone .---..........-.--.-.-.-.---....................... 7

Bull. 211 03 5
66 UPPER CARBONIFEROUS OF KANSAS. . . [BULL.211. 

Columnar section of the Carboniferous rocks of Kansas Continued.

No.

P.9

38

917

?,<v

9,5

?4

S3

22

91

?,0

19,

18

17

16

15

14

13

1 9

11

10

9

8

7

6

5

4

3

9

1

Name of formation.

Severy shales.. .-.----...--- .-----... ...... ...--......--... ..-..-_.--

Tecumseh shales .-----...--.......-.-....-.--..-....-...--.-.---..--.

Kanwaka shales ................. ^ ..-.-..-..............--.-.-..----

Oread limestone .-......-...........-_...... . . ..........---.-.-.--.

Le Roy shales -..-.... ...--.....-....-..-..--.-......-.--...-.-.--..

Earlton limestone .......... .........------..--.. ...--.-.-.-..-.--.

Drum limestone ......................... ..--.-.......---.. .._.......

Cherry vale shales ..................................................

Dennis limestone ......---.-....--........;.........-...-.--........

Hertha limestone -.-.--.-.... ... ......_-...---.-................ ....

Dudley shales .: ...--.--..'.................-.......-...----.........

Parsons limestone ......-.--..-..-.--..--.-........................

Bandera shales ......

Labette shales. . .....-.--.. -........... ........... -.-..-.........

Cherokee shales -------- ................. ........._................

Total thickness . .. j . . . . . ..-.....-.-.---.......-...... ... ....

Thickness in 

feet.

120

7

75

25

60

25

75

20

100

40

150'

30

100

30

75

15

200

30

120

15

100

20

150

25

100

25

60

25

450

3, 250
ADAMS.] ' STRATIGRAPHY. 67

DIVISIONS OF THE CARBONIFEROUS AND GROUPINGS OF

FORMATIONS.

DIVISIONS PREVIOUSLY PROPOSED.

The section of the Carboniferous rocks given by Swallow" was 

divided into a number of series, which apparently were made simply 

for convenience, for no reasons are given for the grouping, and practically no attention has been paid to his terms, since subsequent work 

lias shown many errors of correlation, in the section described by him. 

The names of the series are, from the base upward, Lower Coal series, 

Fort Scott inarbie series, Fort Scott Coal series, Pawnee limestone 

series, Marais des Cygnes .series, Well Rock series, Spring Bock 

series, Cave Rock series, Stanton series, Chocolate limestone series, 

Upper Coal series, and above these the formations which he denominated Lower Permian, Permian., and Triassic.

Following a usage "which seems to have originated in other coal 

fields, various writers have used the terms Lower and 'Upper Coal 

Measures, and sometimes Lower, Middle, and "Upper Coal Measures. 

The division Middle Coal Measures has not been clearly outlined by 

anyone. The tendency has been to use only the two terms Lower 

and Upper Coal Measures, since they have been adequate in referring 

to the coal fields of the State. It may be appropriately remarked 

that, for purposes of convenience only, the limits might be placed 

equally well at any one of several horizons. In' the publications by 

Haworth the line between the Lower and Upper Coal Measures has 

been drawn to correspond approximately with the divisions made by 

Broadhead between the Lower and Middle Coal Measures of Missouri. 

The formation which was used by Broadhead for reference in the 

field was a sandstone lying below the Bethany Falls limestone. Inasmuch as the sandstone is difficult to identify, Haworth has taken the 

base of the lower member of the Erie limestone, which he believes to 

correspond to Broadhead's Bethany Falls limestone, as the plane of 

separation in Kansas. The lower member of the Erie is here described 

as the Hertha limestone. This horizon has been identified in a tentative way through Kansas, Missouri, and Iowa. Instead of the terms 

Upper and Lower Coal Measures Keyes 6 has recently suggested the 

names Des Moinian and Missourian. These names are not adopted 

in this report, since they do not seem to serve any definite purpose in 

the discussion.

Certain other divisions or groupings of formations are made by 

Haworth in his final correlation, 0 as shown in the following table. 

The lithologic units to which Haworth has given names, as limestones 

and shales, have been variously denominated by him and Ids assist-

«Prel. Rept. Geol. Surv. Kansas, 1866, pp. 16-28.

*> Missouri Geol. Surv., Vol. IV, 1894, p. 82.

cUniv. Geol. Surv. Kansas, Vol. Ill, 1898, pp. 91-94.
68 UPPEE CAKBONIFEROUS OF KANSAS.' [BULL. '211.

ants as "systems," "beds," and "formations." For the groups of 

these he has used the term "formation" in the table. While the 

terminology used does not materially affect the value of the field 

work done, it is nevertheless confusing, and general readers are likely 

to obtain mistaken ideas as to the value of stratigraphic units or 

groups of units.

Divisions of the Kansas Coal Measures, after Hawortli.

B. Upper Coal Measures..

A. Lower Coal Measures. -

7. Cotton wood formation

6. Wabaunsee formation.

5. Shawnee formation

4. Douglas formation

8. Pottawatomie formation.

2. Marmaton formation- _

1. Cherokee shales.

/Cottonwood shales. 

\Cottonwood limestone.

A series of alternating limestones and shales to which 

individual names have not 

yet been given.

Burlingame limestones.

Osage shales.

Topeka limestones.

Calhoun shales.

Deer Creek limestones.

Tecumseh shales.

Lecompton limestones.

Lecornpton shales. 

/Oread limestones. 

I Lawrence shales.

Garnett limestones. '

Lane shales.

lola limestone.

Thayer shales.

Erie limestones.

Upper Pleasanton shales.

Altamont limestone.

Lower Pleasanton shales.

Pawnee limestone.

Labette shales.

Oswego limestones.

Cherokee shales.

In connection with these divisions a review is given of the use of the

terms Lower, Middle, and Upper, and Lower and Upper Coal Measures, and the grouping of the formations which is made is stated to be 

"natural" and well marked strati graphically.

In the study of the upper portion of the Kansas Carboniferous 

Prosser has likewise designated groups of "beds" as "formations or 

stages." With respect to his usage it is not inappropriate hereto 

point out that certain strata which he has named "beds" are appropriately of the rank of formations. His formations or stages appear 

to have suggested "the divisions which Hawortli made for the lower 

part of the section. Indeed, Prosser's Wabaunsee and Cottonwood 

formations were adopted by Hawortli. The following table exhibits 

the classifications and groupings which were made by Prosser/' They 

are presented here in abbreviated yet essentially complete form.

"Upper Paleozoic rocks of Kansas: Jour. G-eol., Vol. Ill, 1895, p. 797.'
ADAMS.] STRATIGRAPHY. . 69

Section of the Carboniferous rocks of Kansas, after Prosser.

Period.

Carboniferous .

Series.

Permian . . .

Upper Coal

Measures.

Formation or 

Stage.

Marion ......

Chase .......

Neosho --.-..

Cottonwood .

Wabaunsee .

Missouri.

Stratigraphic characters of the different 

beds.

Shales and marls alternating with 

beds of gypsum. 

Limestones and marls.

Abilene conglomerate. 

Shaly limestone, concretionary limestones, and thin limestones.

Marion concretionary limestone. 

Yellowish shales. 

Marion flint. 

Various colored shales with limestone.

Fort Riley or Florence limestone. 

Buff shaly limestone. . 

Florence flint. 

Shales and limestone. 

Strong flint.

Shales, massive limestone, and interbedded shale and limestone.

Cottonwood shales. 

Cottonwood limestone.

Shales. 

Dry bone limestone. 

Shales 'and limestones.

Paleoiitologic collections were made and studied by Prosser for the 

pin-pose of determining the boundary between the Coal Measures and 

the Permian. . The stages which he has recognized appear to have 

been established by the occurrence of fossils. In the case of the 

grouping by Haworth stratigraphy has been considered rather than 

paleontology. The only paleontologic evidence adduced in support 

of his divisions is the change in the fauna which Bennett reported as 

occurring at the division line between the Lower and Upper Coal 

Measures, and this, although it may prove to be important, is at 

present based upon the range of only a few species, and particularly 

on the occurrence of Chonetes mesolobus.

DIVISIONS OP THE CARBONIFEROUS ON LITHOLOGIC GROUNDS.

Considering the characters of the rocks as they appear to the casual 

observer, and more particularly to the student of stratigraphy, there 

are certain well-marked changes that may be seen by one crossing 

their area at right angles to the strike (see fig. 10, p. 23).
70 UPPER CARBONIFEROUS OF KANSAS. [BULL.211.

In the southeastern portion of the State, at the base of the section, 

there is a belt of country in which shales and sandstones are the only / 

rocks found. This belt widens in the Indian Territory by the thickening of the formation and the addition to the ]ower portion of the 

section of beds which are not represented in Kansas because of unconformity by overlap.

At the western border of this bed of shales the first limestone of the 

section appears. In traveling westward, and consequently in crossing the higher formations, which are exposed as a result of the westward dip, other limestone beds are found interstratified with the 

shales and sandstones at varying intervals. The texture of the limestones and their general appearance is far from being uniform, but 

they are all alike in becoming, on exposure to atmospheric agencies, 

more or less yellowish by reason of the oxidation of the iron contained 

in them. The limestones which are valuable for building purposes 

are largely marred in beauty by the yellowish tinge which they gradually assume, and occasionally beds which have been long exposed are 

even brown.

Higher in the section, in the country to the west along a line passing 

approximately through Grenola, Eureka, Emporia, and Manhattan, 

the limestones, which are interstratified with shales, are seen to be 

much whiter. The line of transition from the yellowish to the whiter 

rocks is .approximately at the Americus limestone. The occurrence 

of limestones in hillsides and terraces is conspicuous because of their 

glaring color, which is in strong contrast with the vegetation at all 

times of the year. Along with this change in color there is a certain 

change in texture, which is not easy to define but which is so marked 

a feature that anyone familiar with the building stones of eastern 

Kansas would have little hesitancy in stating whether a building was, 

constructed of limestone from this belt or the one to the east. The

higher rocks are less crystalline and have a rougher fracture. Their 

jointing is also less pronounced, and the individual blocks are usually 

right-angled, while those of the lower limestones are more acute. 

The difference in texture has given rise to the term "rnagnesian," 

although they are not properly so called.

Higher in the section of the Carboniferous in central Kansas the 

limestones gradually become unimportant and disappear. In this 

area the beds are practically all bluish or maroon-colored shales the 

Wellington shales. The relation of the rocks of the Red Beds area to 

these shales has not been thoroughly studied, but it appears that there 

is a transition southward to beds of a more sandy nature and of a red 

color.

In order to avoid complications in the nomenclature of the Carboniferous it is thought advisable not to give names to these divisions. 

For the purpose of description they may be referred to, following the. 

order in which they have been described above, as (1) lower shales
ADAMS.] STRATIGRAPHY. 71

and sandstones; (2) interstratified limestones, shales, and sandstones; 

(3) limestones, interstratified principally with shales; (4) bluish and 

purplish shales. Corresponding in a measure with these divisions, 

there are certain other.changes which may be mentioned here. The 

lower shales and sandstones carry the thicker beds of coal. The second belt of rocks carries the thinner beds of coal, some of which, 

however, are workable. Above the upper limit of the second division 

coal is not found, unless certain reported occurrences of beds an inch 

or two in thickness are to be considered. The shales in all the horizons where coal is found are not infrequently carbonaceous, and are 

laminated and fissile. The shales interstratified with the higher 

limestones and those occurring in the belt to the west of them are 

more clayey and" seldom sandy. They carry beds of gypsum of considerable thickness at a number of horizons, particularly in the upper 

part of the limestone division and in the southern extension of the

blue shales.

The distinctions which have thus far been outlined in Kansas do 

not hold when the rocks are followed south westward along their strike 

into the Indian Territory. Approximately along the Arkansas River, 

or a little south of that stream, the interstratified limestones disappear from the section, and the formations are accordingly shales and 

sandstones. Moreover, the rocks in the Indian Territory gradually 

assume a red color in the higher .portions of the section, the line of 

transition to this color being diagonal to the strike. The Red Beds 

of Kansas belong to this phase.

It appears that, for the purpose of studying the stratigraphy as 

well as the paleontology, Kansas is a better field than the Indian Territory, for the reasons that at varying intervals during the period of 

deposition conditions prevailed there which were favorable to an abundance of invertebrate life, and, moreover, the record of oscillation, 

which resulted in the change of sediments, is there sharply marked 

in the alternations of limestone and shale beds.

The changes in the character of the sediments and the differences 

in color and texture of the limestones are facts which should not be 

forgotten in establishing the divisions of the Carboniferous rocks. 

The question whether these changes were accompanied by faunal 

changes is one of particular interest. Thus far the broad divisional 

lines in the Carboniferous, which have been suggested by various 

workers, are the limits between the Lower and Upper Coal Measures 

and between the Upper Coal Measures and what has been called the 

Permian or Permo-Carboniferous. Both of these rest at present upon 

paleontologic grounds. It is interesting to note that the lower line 

has been drawn a relatively short distance above the first limestone in 

the section, and that the upper line has been drawn a similar distance 

above the first of the white limestones. It may be that the faunal 

changes are appropriately marked by these divisions, and in such case
72 UPPER CARBONIFEROUS OF KANSAS. ' [BULL.211.

they have followed certain changes of conditions of sedimentation. 

Regarding the paleontologic work which was used as a basis for the 

division between the Lower and Upper Coal Measures, it may be 

stated that it was far from being sufficiently exhaustive to settle the 

matter. That which was done in studying the higher portion of the 

section relative to the determination of the lower limit of the Penman 

was more extended, but it was not entirely in accord with the results 

of previous workers, and no subsequent corroborative faunal studies 

have been made. At both division lines the faunal changes are 

acknowledged to be not well marked, as naturally would be expected 

where sediments form an unbroken series.

RELATION OF PERMIAN VERTEBRATES TO THE KANSAS

SECTION.

Near the southern border of Kansas, in Cowley County, at a place 

about 5 miles northeast of Maple City, some vertebrate remains were 

found in the shale thrown out in digging a well. These were collected 

by Mr. C. N. Gould and sent to Dr. Williston, who identified the 

bones generically ft and considered them as indicating the Permian. 

The horizon in which these bones were found has been identified as 

the Garrison formation, although the correlation necessarily rests 

upon rather meager evidence, since the distance from the type locality 

is considerable and the invertebrate fossils have not been studied 

critically enough to admit of accurate identification .of horizons.

In northeastern Oklahoma, in the area of the so-called Red Beds, 

there is a locality which has yielded Permian vertebrate remains. 

The material has come from two places, one known as McCann's 

quarry, & 5 miles southeast of Nardin, in Kay County, the other 2 miles 

northeast of Orlando. The material has been studied by Dr. Williston, who has found that it represents characteristic Permian forms, 

such as have been reported from Texas. The stratigraphic position 

of the vertebrates from near Nardin and Orlaudo has not been definitely determined.' They occur to the southwest of the southern 

extension of the so-called Permian limestones of the Kansas section, 

but no horizon has been traced connecting the locality with the Kansas section.

The identification of the Permian in the western interior of the 

United Sta.tes for a long time rested upon the occurrence of reptilian 

remains, such as were first described by Cope from the Red Beds of 

Texas. The occurrence in Kansas and Oklahoma o.f the same genera 

which are found in Texas makes it possible to correlate the formations 

tentatively. The material in the Kansas section is meager. No 

doubt more will be found, and possibly Permian forms occur, at lower 

horizons than the Garrison formation.

a Notice of the vertebrate remains from the Kansas Permian- Kansas Univ. Quart., Vol. VI, 

1896, p. 53. 

& Kansas Univ. Quart., Vol. IX, 1900, pp. 175-177; also Jour. Geol., Vol IX, 1901, p 337,
TABULATED LIST OF INVERTEBRATE FOSSILS FROM THE

CARBONIFEROUS SECTION OF KANSAS.

«,

By GEORGE H. GIRTY.

Value of the table. The value attaching to tables such as the one 

given below depends upon the consideration of several factors. The 

most important among these appear to be the following:

(1) The precision with which the collections are located in the generalized section.

(2) The consistent accuracy of the determination of species.

(3) The variety and abundance of the formational faunas, and the 

 uniformity maintained in these particulars throughout the section.

(4) The completeness with which the faunas are represented in 

these particulars by the collections.

With all these elements favorable, the sequence of faunas and the 

range of species shown by this table should be applicable to a considerable area. Its applicability should, indeed, be limited only by 

facts of identity of horizon and of basinal boundary.

As I have not visited the Kansas field; the assignment of the collections upon which the tabulated lists are based to their proper positions in the section is entirely the work of others Messrs. Adams, 

Beecle, Bennett, and Prosser who made the collections while studying 

the stratigraphy.

The specific determinations were made by me, and I may add that 

I would not have chosen to present results of a preliminary character, 

such as these, if the careful discussion of the stratigraphy and nomenclature of Kansas Carboniferous rocks Avhich Dr. Adams has prepared 

had not seemed to invite a brief and subordinate account of the fossils 

which they contain. Because it is my purpose at some future time to 

offer a fuller discussion, based upon a more accurate discrimination 

of species, I will pass over many points of interest in the sequence of 

Carboniferous faunas of Kansas, and touch lightly upon others.

The constituents of the Kansas section consist of alternations of 

limestone and shale, the latter sometimes containing more or less 

 sandstone. During limestone-making periods invertebrate life was 

varied and abundant; but few of the mud beds, however, appear to 

have supported animal life. With some exceptions, therefore, only 

alternate formations are represented by fossil faunas. The youngest 

fauna obtained is that of the Marion formation, the Wellington having so far proved devoid of marine fossils. The oldest fauna occurs

73
74 UPPER CARBONIFEROUS OF KANSAS. [BULL.211.

in the Cherokee shales. It is rather meager, so far as known, but it 

is probable that numerous additions to our list of species can be 

obtained at favorable localities. Many of the faunas in the section 

are large and varied, and while all are not equally extensive, I believe 

that their uniform excellence is far above the average in sections of 

equal, length.

The faithfulness with which faunas, as the term must necessarily be 

understood when fossils are in question, are represented by collections depends in some measure upon the collector, but chiefly upon 

the number and extent of the collections. These factors necessarily 

enter into all collections, but ours are open to unusually little criticism. In number they comprise not far from 500 local lots of greater 

or less extent, and while some horizons are more amply represented 

than others, it is thought that no serious misrepresentation of fact is 

occasioned by this circumstance. The preservation of almost all of the 

Kansas material, it should be remarked, is unusually fine, and, with 

the exception of the specific determinations, which, as already said, 

are of a preliminary character, the conditions are most favorable for 

making the Kansas section, as its association and range of species 

and succession of faunas are shown by our collections, representative 

for a large territory in central United States. There can be no doubt, 

however, that most of the formational faunas will be increased by 

additions of species not contained in my lists, and by the prolongation of the range of others.

In the table are included only species obtained from Kansas, and 

only those represented .in our collection. Many fauna! lists, some of 

them prepared with care, have been published by Bennett, Beede, 

Prosser, Rogers, and others, but it has been thought best not to incorporate these with my own. A few collections from equivalent horizons were obtained from Indian Territory, chiefly from the lower 

portion of the section. Lists of the species identified will be found in 

the stratigraphic discussion. They agree reasonably well with those 

of the horizons with which the geologic evidence indicates that they 

are equivalent. A single collection was made at Pawnee, Okla., the, 

stratigraphic position of which is somewhere above the Pawhuska 

limestone. It was obtained from the bed which Drake named the 

Pawnee limestone, and which was included by him in the Permian. 

The position of the Pawnee fauna in the Kansas section is not low in 

the series nor yet at the very top. I judge that it represents about 

the horizon of the Elmdale or of the Garrison formation, at the base, 

or just below the base, of Prosser's Permo-Carboniferous.

An inspection of the table shows the evolution of the latest from 

the earliest faunas in the section to have been a progression from a 

brachiopod to a pelecypod facies. The gradual character of this 

replacement has been remarked by most paleontologists who have 

studied the faunal succession. It is without marked interruption at
OI'IITY.] INVERTEBRATE FOSSILS. . 75

any point, so that subdivisions appropriate for recognition are not 

clearly apparent, and there is room for differences of opinion as to 

where delimitation should be made. Several different classifications 

have in fact been, proposed, but no one seems to be especially favored 

by the evidence of invertebrate paleontology.

Range of genera and species. Previous writers have in several 

instances called attention to the range of individual genera and 

species in the Kansas section. Mr. Prosser has stated:" "We have 

not seen Spirifer cameratus above the Wabaunsee formation, or the 

last two species [Athyris subtilita and Productus semireticulatus] 

above the Chase formation." Our collections, however, extend the 

range of Spirifer cameratus into the Garrison formation, and of 

Productus semireticulatus and Athyris subtilita. into the Marion. 

The same author has recorded that of the brachiopoda only a few

specimens of Derby a have been found in the Marion formation, but

by the occurrence above referred to a'Productus of the type of semireticulatus and a S&minula resembling subtilita are added. Mr. 

Prosser also attaches significance to the abundance of ffusulina in the 

Cotton wood formation. Our collections show that this genus ranges 

fromv the Fort Scott limestone into the Fort Riley limestone, and that 

it is very abundant at seve'ral horizons. The Lecompton limestone 

may be mentioned in addition to the Cotton wood formation. Mr. 

John Bennett first directed my attention to the fact that Chonetes 

mesolol)us does not range above the Parsons limestone. This observation our collections seem to substantiate; nor need the doubtful 

identification recorded for the Hartford limestone be taken in contradiction, for that form is probably new and as closely related to 

Chonetes gldber as to Chonetes mesolobus. Except for its reappearance in the Admire shale, Rhipidomella pecusi seems to be characteristic of the lower part of the section, while Enteletes first appears in 

the Tola limestone, where it is abundant, and ranges through nineteen 

formations. Derbya crassa is more or less completely replaced, in the 

upper part of the section by the larger form, which I have identified 

as Derbya robusta, and similarly Chonetes flemingi is supplanted by 

the related Chonetes gramdifer. The Producti are of course most 

abundant and persistent, the semireticulatus type continuing from 

the beginning to the end of the section. The other types have a less 

extensive range, which, so far as ascertained, can be seen in the table. 

The range of 'Spirifer cameratus has already been commented on. 

It seems to me a noteworthy fact that not a single Spirifer of the 

Keokuk type (Spirifer opimus Hall, probably = Spirifer rockymontanus Marcou) is to be found in our collection. Squamidariaperplexa, 

a characteristic and frequently abundant species, appears to end with 

the Hartford, limestone, while Am,bocoilia planiconvexa extends with, 

some interruptions almost to the top of the section. Spiriferina Icen-

« Jour. G-eol., Vol. Ill, 1805, p. 790.
76 UPPER CARBONIFEROUS OF KANSAS. [BULL.211.

tuckyensis occurs in the Olpe shale, but not later, and here again the 

absence of Spirifemna of the spinosa type is a marked peculiarity. 

Semiriula subtilita, as already remarked, has a range coextensive with 

the section, and Cleioihyris orbicularis, usually a rare form, occurs 

only in the lower portion. Of the pelecypods I will speak at less 

length. Their appearance in the lower part of the section is at best 

scattering, and their preservation is such as usually to obliterate 

generic and frequently to obscure specific characters. Pseudomonotis 

and Bakewellia are interesting as being especially Permian types. 

Mr. Prosser mentions Pleuropliorus in this connection, but that genus 

ranges well down into our Mississippian beds. Pseudomonotis begins 

as early as the lola limestone, but it is rare, and only becomes abundant later in the section. This is still more true of Bakewellia, whose 

range, after an isolated occurrence in the Olpe shale, is restricted to 

the six formations at the top of the section. Myalina subguadrata, 

that large and striking Carboniferous species, ranges through the 

middle third of the section with a possible reappearance in the Matfield shale. However, while the range of individual species is interesting and often significant, the fact should not be lost sight of that 

all reliable results in stratigraphic paleontology must be based on the 

consideration of faunas.
List of invertebrate fossils from the Carboniferou

[NOTE. Sh.=shale; ls.=limestone.]

Species.

Aulopora ?sp .................... .......................

Fenestella sp. .................................................. 

Polypora sp...... -----.---.-. ---.__ --_--_--___---..----....-.._

Pinnatopora sp --.--..--.-....-.-.-.-....-.-.------.--..--.-..-

Fistulipora carbonaria.... ........................ ............

Rhombotiora lepidodendroides ........................... i...

Cherokee sh.

--

Fort ScotIs.

X

X

X 

X

X

Labette sh.

X

X

Pawnee Is.

 ^

Bandera sh.

-7

Parsons Is.

X

X

X

Dudley sh.

--

~Hertha Is.

Galesbtirg sh.

Dennis Is.

X

Cherry vale sh.

Drum Is.

X

Chanute sh. Earlton Is.

^

X 

X

X

X

X

Vilas sh.

-

03

1

X

v '

Lane sh.

--

StantoTi Is.

X
List of invertebrate fossils from the Carboniferous sect

Species.

Chonetes flemingi .....................-....---.--...---.-....-

Productus cora ..........:.....................................

Pi oductus norwoodi .......--....-.....--...-.-..-...--.---....

Cherokee sh.

V

V

Port ScotIs.

X

X 

V

X

Labette sh.

X

Pawnee Is.

X

X

Bandera sh.

--

Parsons Is.

X

X

X

Dudlev sh. Hertha Is.

X

X

X

Galesburg sh.

--

Dennis Is.

X

X

Cherry vale sh.

Drum Is.

X

X

X

Chanute sh.

--

Earlton Is.

9

X

 >

-

X

Vilas sh.

--

lola Is.

X

X

X

Lane sh.

SI
List of invertebrate fossils from the Carboniferous secti

Species.

Serninula subtilita. -.-...-... -.:..-.......---...------.--..----

Aviculooecten sp.. ..--...-...--. --..-------...--.----...-..----

Cherokee sh.

v

v

X

Fort Scott Is.

V

v

V

v

v

X

Labette sh. Pawnee Is.

V

v

v

X 

v

v

Bandera sh. 05

I

v

v

X

v

v

v

v

Dudley sh. Hertha Is.

v

v

v

X

v

Galesburg sh.

Dennis Is.

v

v

X

Cherryvale sh

--

CO

3 

Q

v

v

X

X

Ghanute sh.

--

Earlton Is.

v

v

X

X

Vilas sh. lola Is.

*s/

X

Lane sh.

--

StaIs

X

X

X

X
List of invertebrate fossils from the Carboniferous secti

Species.

N ucula st> -----.-------.---.--.----------------.--------....----

Cherokee sh. Fort Scot Is.

Labette sh.

V

Pawnee Is. Bander sh. Parsons Is.

X

Dudley sh. Hertha Is.

G-alesburg sh.

Dennis Is.

Cherryvale sh.

Drum Is.

X

Chanute sh. Earlton Is.

V

 s 

3

>

£

s"o

h- (

X

V

V

Lane sh.

StanIs
List of invertebrate fossils from the Carboniferous section 

 _

^' Species.

0

_i 

_i

Soleniscus sr> ..................................................

Cherokee sh. Fort Scot Is.

X

X

Labettesh. Pawnee Is. Bandera sh. Parsons Is. Dudley sh.

1

X

Hertha Is.

Galesburg sh.

Dennis Is.

Cherry vale sh.

03

a 

Q

Chanute sh. Earl ton Is.

V

X

Vilas sh. 03 

c3 

§

Lane sh.

Stanton Is. "

I 

J
List of invertebrate fossils from the Carboniferous secti

Species.

Cherokee sh. Fort Scott Is.

i

Dentalium sp .......... .................. ......................

Labette sh. Pawnee Is.

.. X

Bandera sh. Parsons Is.

X

X

X

X

X

Dudley sh. Hertha Is.

Galesburg sh.

Dennis Is.

Cherry vale sh.

Drum Is.

X

Chanute sh. Earlton Is.

Vilas sh. lola Is.

Lane sh.

StantIs
'Ostracoda.------------------..... ...........................

X

X

X

X

X

........................................... 'LeT)erditia st>..-- 

X

> 3' 

n

§ 

X

X

3"

1

P

8

if5"

X

><

<

<

X

X

X

X

p

3

1

>

X

o

X

Q 

o

3 

3"

3;

3"

CO

3.

X

X

O

a. B* 

O

§

a

D

§

X

X

X

O

1? 

o

§

2

T.

i

D

8

X

\

Species.

Cherokeesh.

Is. Scott Fort 

sh. Labette 

Is. Pawnee 

sh. Bandera 

Is. Parsons 

sh. Dudley 

Is. Hertha 

sh. G-alesburg 

Is. Dennis 

. sh vale Cherry 

Is. Drum 

sh. Chanute 

Is. Earlton 

Sh. Vilas 

Is. lola 

sh. Lane 

Is. Stanton 

sh. Roy Le 

Is. Oread 

sh. Kanwaka 

Is. Lecompton 

Tecumsehsh.

Is. Creek Doer 

sh. Calhoun 

Is. Hartford 

sh. Severy 

Is. Howai-d 

Sh. Burlingame 

Is. Barclay 

sh. Olpe 

Is. Emporia 

sh. Admire 

Is. Americus 

form. Elmdale 

Is. Neva 

sh. Eskridge 

Is. Cottonwood 

form. Garrison 

Is. ord Wref 

sh. Matfleld 

flint. Florence 

Is. Riley Fort 

sh. Doyle 

form. Winfleld 

form. Marion 

[ Axmo

SUMMARY OF THE FOSSIL PLANTS RECORDED FROM THE UPPER 

CARBONIFEROUS AND PERMIAN FORMATIONS OF KANSAS.

By DAVID WHITE. 

INTRODUCTION.

Being desirous of taking into account all the available data relating to the age and correlation of the formations of the Upper Paleozoic in Kansas, Mr. Adams has requested the preparation of a 

summary of the fossil plants, together with such correlative conclusions or suggestions as the scanty paleobotanical evidence at hand 

might seem to warrant. Naturally, within the very limited time for 

the preparation of this summary it has not been possible to give to 

some of the specimens the careful, comparative study necessary for 

their final determination and diagnosis, or to enter upon much-needed 

re visionary work in a number of genera and species from the higher 

Coal Measures. Systematic discussion with synonymy could not be 

included, while the collection of fossils from important or critical 

horizons, however needful at the moment, has, of course, been out of 

the question. Under these conditions this summary must be regarded 

merely as an inventory of such fossil-plant material as has come to 

hand from the Upper Paleozoic of Kansas, wherein are listed the 

species recorded, with brief annotations'and descriptions of a number 

of new Coal Measures types which have long been in manuscript and 

which should not be omitted from such an inventory.

Nearly all the specimens here discussed are of Coal Measures (Pennsylvanian) age. But very little plant material from beds of the supposed Permian of Kansas has yet been described. The University of 

Kansas, in connection with its geological survey of the State, has 

accumulated more or less fossil-plant material in its paleontological 

collections. This paleobotanical material, which has been sought 

Avith especial regard to the Permian problem, is now being studied by 

Mr. E. II. Sellards and will probably receive systematic treatment and 

illustration in one.of the proposed volumes of the State university 

survey. The writer is under obligation to Mr. Sellards and to the 

university for specimens, particularly of Permian types, submitted 

for examination or donated to the collections of the United States' 

National Museum. This material, so far as it has anywhere yet been 

published, is included in this summary; but .such species in the 

material communicated by Mr. Sellards as are new to science or have 

not previously been discovered in the State obviously could not be

85
86 UPPER CARBONIFEROUS Otf KANSAS. [BULL.211.

included without unfairly anticipating their full description by him 

and impairing the originality of his publication. Accordingly, in 

dealing with the supposed Permian flora in particular, which he has 

been so successful in discovering, all paleontological discussion of 

the material is here omitted.

SOURCES AND AMOUNT OF AVATLAKLE MATERIAL.

No systematic attempt at the collection of fossil plants in the Paleozoic of Kansas for the purpose of ascertaining the vertical range and 

stratigraphical characteristics of the species had been made prior to 

the recent work of the university survey. In fact it is but a few 

years since Paleozoic fossil plants were regarded by most geologists 

as curios or as important or interesting only on account of their biological significance rather than as a valuable aid in geological correlation. The collections that have been available, or that have been 

described, consist largely of material obtained from several horizons 

selected because the fossils, gathered by commercial collectors and 

sold to museums or other institutions, were showy. The greater portion, of the specimens which have been .examined were acquired by 

the late R. D. Lacoe, were reviewed in the Coal Flora by Leo Lesquereux, and are now in the Lacoe collection in the United States 

National Museum. The Lacoe collection also contains a considerable 

amount of material, chiefty from the Cherokee shales (Des Moinian), 

added to the Lacoe collection after the death of Lesquereux. Small 

collections from the Cherokee, the shales associated with the Erie 

limestone, the Le Roy (Lawrence) shale, the Chanute (Thayer) shale, 

and the Permian, have later been transmitted through the courtesy 

of the State university survey and its paleobotanist, Mr. Sellards. 

The development of a Permian flora in Kansas is due almost entirely 

to the efforts of the geologists of the State university.

A small collection of fossil woods from the Chase formation (Permian?) were sent by Professor Prosser to Sir William Dawson and 

Professor Penhallow, the latter of whom described three gymnospermic types from that formation/'

As will be seen, the materials, even. from the horizons best represented, are hardly ample,.while from the other horizons at which 

plants have been found the data are extremely meager or altogether 

insufficient. From nearly forty of the formations listed by Mr. 

Adams, .including several that are most important strati graphically 

or whose correlation is most problematic, no paleobotanical evidence 

at all is at hand.

"Trails. Eoyul Soc. Canada, Vol. VI, sec. iv, .1900, pp. 71-70.
WHITE.] FOSSIL PLANTS. . 87

HORIZONS AND LOCALITIES REPRESENTED.

The formations that have furnished the data included in this summary are, in ascending order, as follows: Cherokee shales (Des Moinian), Dennis (Bethany Falls-Erie) limestone, Chaiiute (Thayer) 

shales, Le Roy (Lawrence) shales, Severy (Osage) shales, Elm dale 

(Wabaunsee) formation, Chase formation, and Marion formation? 

(Permian). The relations of these formations, their thickness, intervals, and stratigraphical position in the general section may be seen 

by referring to the table given by Mr. Adams on pages 65-66.

CHEEOKEE SHALES.

Penitentiary shaft at Lansing, near Leavenworth. A collection 

made by Mr. Oscar Lamm from this deep mine is now in the Lacoe 

collection. A number of specimens were also sent by the university

in 1901.

CHANUTE (THAYER) SHALES.

Thayer, Neosho County. A very small collection identified or 

described by Lesquereux in the Coal Flora, and now in the Lacoe 

collection. Also several species sent by the State university.

LE ROY (LAWRENCE) SHALES.

 There are a considerable number of specimens from the vicinity 

of Lawrence, and from Garnett and Ottawa, mostly described by 

Lesquereux and embracing many types, in. the Lacoe collection. 

The United States National Museum also contains material sent by 

Mr. E. H. Sellards from a horizon in the upper part of the Lawrence 

shales at Oak Hill Cemetery and University Hill, Lawrence; at Blue 

Mounds, 6 miles southeast of Lawrence; and Twin Mounds, 20 

miles from Lawrence. The specimens from the vicinity of Lawrence 

reported on by Lesquereux were given no other locality than " Lawrenc£." They may have come from University Hill or some point in 

the upper part of the Le Roy (Lawrence) shales in the neighborhood 

of the city.

SEVERY SHALES.

A very small collection from Osage in the Lacoe collection, and a 

few specimens sent by the university from Scranton.

ELMDALE FORMATION.

Several lots from Onaga sent to the United States Geological Survey by Mi-. F. F. Crevecoeur.

CHASE FORMATION.

Several specimens of fossil wood from Coon Creek and Cottonwood 

Township, Chase County, were sent to Sir William Dawson by Prof. 

C. S. Prosser.
88 UPPER CARBONIFEROUS OP KANSAS. [BULL.211.

MARION FORMATION?

A .collection, consisting largely of new species, from a locality 3£ 

miles south of Banner City, Dickinson County, was received by the 

United States National Museum through the courtesy of Mr. E. H. 

Sellards and the State university. The mode of occurrence and the 

localities of these supposed Permian plants, which it is thought may 

have come, from the overlying Wellington formation as recognized 

by the State survey, have been described by Mr. Sellards. a Short 

papers.describing a few of the interesting plants of the Permian flora 

were published in the Kansas University Quarterly in 1900 and 1901. b

Following is a brief annotated list of the Coal Measures species in 

hand, accompanied by short descriptions of several new forms in the 

Lacoe collection, United States National Museum, together with the 

enumeration of such species as have been published from the Marion 

formation of Kansas.

ANNOTATED LIST OF SPECIES, WITH BRIEF DESCRIPTIONS 

OF SEVERAL NEW FORMS FROM THE COAL MEASURES.

Caulerpites n. sp. Lx. Mss.

A fine alga, figured and described in manuscript by Professor 

Lesquereux, which will be published later, with other Paleozoic types, 

in a posthumous work by that author.

Lacoe collection, 25134. Severy shales, Osage.

Excipulites Callipteridis (Schimp.), Kidst.

Found on the pinnules of Pseudopecopteris squamosa. They are 

perhaps to be regarded as glandular rather than as fungoid. 

Lacoe collection, 14487. Cherokee shales, Lansing.

Eremopteris solida (Lx.) D. W.

This species, described as Sphenopteris solida, is closely related to 

E. Ulobata D. W. ' 

Lacoe collection, 14219, 14220. Cherokee shales, Lansing.

Pseudopecopteris squamosa (Lx.) D. W.

. Normal form, possibly inseparable from Splienopteris neuropteroides 

Boulay. 

Lacoe collection, 14487, 15048. Cherokee shales, Lansing.

Pseudopecopteris Pluckenetii (Schloth.) Lx.

Contributed in numerous examples by Mr. E. II. Sellards, and in 

other collections.

a Trans. Kansas Acad. Sci., Vol. XVII, 1900, p. 308.

* Vol. IX, Jan., 1900, pp. C3, 64; idem., July, 1900 (published in 1901), pp. 179-189,. PI. XXXVIIXLII; and Vol. X, Jan. 1901, pp. 1-12, pi. I-IV.
WHITE.] FOSSIL PLANTS. 89

Lacoe collection, 15040, 15047. Cherokee sliales, Lansing.

U. S. National Museum (E. H. Sellards), 8615, 7742. Chaimte 

(Thayer) shales, Thayer.

U. S. National Museum (E. H. Sellards), 7727, 8616. Near top of 

Le Roy (Lawrence) shales, Bine Mounds.

Mariopteris cordatd-ovata ol>tusiloba n. var.

The specimens from Wilkesbarre, Pa., and Ottawa, Kans., described 

or figured by Lesquereux ft .as Pseudopecopteris cordato-ovataWelss 

sp., and which are here designated as a variety of that species, differ 

from the European plant described by Weiss 6 and Zeiller 0 by the 

greater obtuseness of the lobes, which are less distinctly upward 

turned. The pinnse of the Old. World plant would seem from the 

figures to lack the basal heterophylly which led the writer a to refer

the species to the genus Mariopteris. A small specimen exhibiting

this Mariopteyold heteromorphy served as the basis of the record e of 

Mariopteris ( ' 'Pseudopecopteris''''} muricata in the beds at Ottawa. 

The variety obtusiloiba is intermediate between the European type, 

the Pennsylvania plant identified by Lesquereux with Brongniart's 

Pecopteris Sillimanni, and Mariopteris occidentdlis D. W., from Indian 

Territory. The latter is in general much smaller, and its pinnules are 

proportionately narrower and more oblong. The plant in hand has a 

strong likeness in form to Mariopteris mazoniana Lx. sp.

Lacoe collection, 13511, 13525. Chanute (Thayer) shales, Thayer.

Lacoe collection, 13512-13525. Le Roy (Lawrence) shales, Ottawa.

U. S. National Museum (E. H. Sellards), 7723, 8617. LeRoy (Lawrence) shales, Blue Mounds.

Splienopteris pinnatifida (Lx..) "D. "W.

To this species belongs a very small specimen from Thayer recorded 

as Splienopteris tenetta. The species was also collected from the 

Lawrence shales by Mr. Sellards.

La'coe collection, 14321. Chanute (Thayer) shales, Thayer.

U. S. National Museum, 8630. Le Roy (Lawrence) shales, Blue 

Mounds.

U. S. National Museum, 7738. Le Roy (Lawrence) shales, Twin 

Mounds.

Splienopteris dejiticulata Brongn.

The specimens from Kansas appear to fully agree with examples 

from Cannelton, Pa., to which the above name was applied by Professor Lesquereux. The form in both regions is possibly due to heterophylly.

Lacoe collection, 14585. Cherokee shales, Lansing.

a Coal Flora, Atlas, p. 7, PI. XXXVII, figs. 4, 5.

cJFl. foss. bassin houill. perm. Antim et Epinac. Vol. 1,1890, pi. .1, figs. 1, la, l.b.

'»F1. cl. jiingst. Steinkohl. u. Rothliegenct. d. Saar-Rh. Geb., p. 38, pi. 1, figs. 1, la.

rf Nineteenth Ann. Rept. D. S. Geol. Survey, Pt. Ill, 18911, p. 481.

' Coal Flora, Vol. JII, p 881.
90 UPPEE CARBONIFEROUS OF KANSAS. [BULL. 211.

Sphenopteris sp. 

Lacoe collection, 14466. Cherokee shales, Lansing.

Sphenopteris sp. Sellards. 

Marion formation, Dickinson County.

Oligocarpia Gutbieri Goepp.

A large number of specimens from Garnett were published as above 

by Lesquereux. The same species has been transmitted by Mr. E. H. 

Sellards. The fragments from Garnett listed in the Coal Flora a as 

Pecopteris ClintoniLx. and Callipteridium memb-mnaceum'Lx.. belong, 

in my judgment, to the same species.

Lacoe collection, 14075-14089, 14094-14098. Le Roy (Lawrence) 

shales, Garnett.

U. S. National Museum (E. H. Sellards), 8623. Le Roy (Lawrence) 

shales, University Hill, Lawrence.

U. S. National Museum (E. H. Sellards), 8622. Le Roy (Lawrence) 

shales, Twin Mounds.

Oligocarpia n. sp. Sellards.

U. S. National Museum (E. H. Sellards), 8627. Le Roy (Lawrence) 

shales, Twin Mounds.

U. S. National Museum (E. H. Sellards), 8628. Le Roy (Lawrence) 

shales, Lawrence.

Aloiopteris Winslovii I). W.

To this species belong also the examples from Thayer listed in the 

Coal Flora as Pecopteris erosa Gutb.

Lacoe collection, 12391-12393, 12396, 12397.' Chanute (Thayer) 

shales, Thayer.

Lacoe collection, 12390. Le Roy (Lawrence) shales, Garnett.

Lacoe collection, 12394, 12395, 12403 (doubtful). Le Roy (Lawrence) shales, Ottawa.

U. S. National Museum (E. H. Sellards), 7723. Le Roy (Lawrence) 

shales, University Hill, Lawrence.

 U.S. National Museum (E. H. Sellards), 8622. Le Roy (Lawrence) 

shales, Twin Mounds.

Pecopteris cf. integra- (Andra) Zeill.

Fragments very close to the species figured by Germar as Sphenopteris integra Andra.

Lacoe collection, 13808, 13809. Le Roy (Lawrence) shales, Lawrence.

U. S. National Museum (E. H. Sellards), 8684. Le Roy (Lawrence) 

shales. Unknown.

« Coal Flora, Vol III, p. 881.
FOSSIL PLANTS. 91

Pecopteris unita Goepp. Einarginate form. 

Lacoe collection, 12484. Cherokee sl.ial.es, Lansing. 

Pecopteris Newberriana F. and I. C. W.

This species, described from the Dunkard formation of the Appalachian, 'trough, is extremely close to the later (Permian) phase of 

Pecopteris fo&minceformis (Schloth.) Sterzel, with which the writer-was 

at first disposed to place the specimens in hand.

U. S. National Museum (F. F. Crevecoeur), 8833. Elmdale formation, Onaga.

Pecopteris arborescens (Schloth.) Brongn. 

Among the numerous specimens identified and sent by Mr. Sellards 

under this name are several which have the proportions of Pecopteris 

cycithea, though the nervation appears to be simple. The plant appears 

to agree well with the species as recognized by most authors and with 

examples from the English coal fields in our collections. P. arborescens is extremely rare in this country, many of the specimens referred 

thereto being found on close examination of the nervation to represent 

quite distinct species. The fructification of the Kansas material is 

of the Asterotlieca type, with rather small unequal sporangia in fours. 

Several of the specimens sent by Mr. Sellards closely resemble'the 

examples provisionally referred below to P. liemitelioides Brongn. 

In the latter, however, the rachis and the median nerve are distinctly 

punctate, while in P. arborescens they are smooth.

U. S. National Museum, 7724, 8620, 8624, 8631. Le Roy (Lawrence) 

shales, Blue Mounds.

II. S. National Museum, 7730, 8621. Le Roy (LaAvren.ee) shales, 

Twin Mounds.

Pecopteris cf. liemitelioides Brongn.

This includes the specimens from Ottawa listed by Lesqnereux" 

as Pecopteris aspidioides Brongn. In form and size they are intermediate between P. cyathea and P. liemitelioides. I place them Avith the 

latter on account of the distinctly punctate rachis, the punctate strong 

median nerA^e, and the Arillous lamina, slightly punctulate on the 

nerves. In general, however, the pinnules are hardly so long as in 

typical examples of the latter species. The name Pecopteris aspidio- 

'icles is inapplicable to this plant, it having been used by Sternberg & 

for a robust, recurvate type, and by Brongniart for a form Avith forking nerAnlles referred by Zeiller c to P. Daubreei Zeill. From P. 

arborescens it differs chiefly by the generally large pinnule and especially by the villosity and punctate character of the nerves and rachis.

"Coal Flora, Vol. Ill, p. 880.

''Versuch eiuer geogn.-geogenetiscb-botaniscben Darstell. cl. Flora cl. Vorwolt, Vol. II, fasc 7-8, 

p. 34, PI. L, fig. 5. 

«F1. foss. bnssin perm. Brives, 1892, p. .18.
92 UPPER CARBONIFEROUS OF KANSAS. [BULL.211.

The Ottawa specimens are closely related to the plants from Rhode 

Island which were described by Brongniart a as Pecopteris arguta 

Sternb., but which, since P. arguta was merely a name given by Sternberg 6 to Schlotheim's Filicites fozminceformis, Goeppert c renamed, 

copying Bronghiart's figure, as Pecopteris elegans. The latter species, 

in which the straight, narrow pinnules are hardly .joined at the base, 

while the rachis appears to be smooth, includes most of the examples 

from Olyphant, Pa., and from Rhode Island, placed by Lesquereux in 

P. arguta, P. arborescens, and P. elegans.

Lacoe collection, 12609-12616, 13359. Le Roy (Lawrence) shales, 

Ottawa.

- Pecopteris hemitelioides Brongn.

Specimens apparently agreeing with this species as described from 

the highest Coal Measures of France have been transmitted by Mr. 

F. F. Crevecoeur.

U. S. National Museum, 8834. Elmdale formation, Onaga.

«

Pecopteris squamosa Lx.

Lacoe collection, 12700. Cherokee shales, Lansing. 

Pecopteris Candolliana Brongn.

The form of the apex of the pinna as well as the nervation in the 

fragments referred by Mr. Sellards to this species are very similar to 

those of Pecopteris lepidorrhachis.

U. S. National Museum (E. H. Sellards), 7729. Le Roy (Lawrence) 

shales, Twin Mounds.

 Pecopteris vestita Lx.

Lacoe collection, 13999. Cherokee shales, Lansing.

U. S. National Museum (E. H. Sellards), 8625. Cherokee shales,

Lansing.

Pecopteris villosa Brongn. ?

The specimens represent the Mazon Creek and Cannelton form 

identified by Lesquereux as above.

Lacoe collection, 13257. Cherokee shales, Lansing.

U. S. National Museum (E. H. Sellards), 8619. Cherokee shales, 

Lansing.

Pecopteris oreopteridia (Schloth.) Brongn. ?

Fertile pinnse doubtfully referred to this species. 

U. S. National Museum (F. F. Crevecoeur), 8831. Elmdale formation, Onaga.

"Hist. veg. foss., Vol. L, p. 303. cSyst. Fil. Foss., p. 344, PI. XV, fig. 10. 

f>Tent. Fl. Prim., p. xix.
 WHIM.] FOSSIL PLANTS. 93

Pecopteris cf. 'polymorplia Brongn.

Appears to be inseparable from the form described, by Lesquereux 

as Pecopteris eltiptica Eunby. The fragments from Lansing are 

slightly villous. Those communicated by Mr. Crevecoenr seem to 

represent the typical large P:polymorplia. In the specimens submitted by Mr. Sellards the sporangia are uncommonly broad for this 

species, though they are too small to identify therewith with certainty.

Lacoe collection, 13996. Cherokee shales, Lansing.

U. S. National Musum (E. H. Sellards), 7725. Le Roy (Lawrence) 

shales, Blue Mounds.

'U. S. National Museum (F. F. Crevecoeur), 8830. Elnidale formation, Onaga.

Pecopteris sp. Sellards.

U. S. National Museum (E. H. Sellards), 8103. Marion ? formation,

Dickmsoii County.

Pecopteris pteroides Brongn.

A small fragment contributed by Mr. Sellards appears to agree-with 

the plant as detailed by Brongniart under this name, though it is very 

different from Callipteridium pteridium (Schloth.) Zeill., to which the 

name was intended by Brongniart to apply. The Kansas fragment 

conforms to the P. pteroides as generally identified by Lesquereux in 

our American floras. By the form, size, and attitude of the pinnules 

the specimen closely resembles. Callipteridium oblongifolium F. & I. 

C. W.

U. S. National Museum (E. H. Sellards), 8634. Douglas County.

ALetliopteris sp.

Resembles Aletliopteris aquilina (Schloth.) Sternb. 

U. S. National Museum (E. H. Sellards), 8138. Cherokee shales, 

Lansing!

Aletliopteris cf. vvrginiana F. & I. C. W.

Pinnules smaller and generally a little more oblique than in Alethopteris viryiniana, which the Kansas plant strongly resembles.

U. S. National Museum (E. H. Sellards), 8138. Channte (Thayer) 

shales, Thayer.

Aletliopteris Grandini (Brongn.) Goepp.

Includes the specimens previously listed from Garnett and Ottawa 

as Aletliopteris pennsylvanica and a specimen in the Lacoe collection 

from Garnett labeled as Aletliopteris loiicliitica. The plant can not at 

most be more than varietally different from the species described by 

Brongniart.

Lacoe collection, 12212. Chauute (Thayer) shales, Thayer.
94 , UPPER CARBONIFEROUS OF KANSAS. [BULL. 211.

Lacoe collection, 12192, 12213-12226. Le Roy (Lawrence) shales, 

Garnett.

Lacoe collection. 12193-12195, 12201-12211. Le Roy (Lawrence) 

shales, Ottawa.

U. S. National Museum (E. H. Sellards), 7732, 8134, 8137. Le Roy 

(Lawrence) shales, University Hill, Lawrence.

U. S National. Museum (E. H. Sellards), 8132, 8133, 8136. Le Roy 

(Lawrence) shales, Blue Mounds.

Callipteridium grdndifolium F. & I. C. W. ?

The fragments here referred to appear to differ only by their somewhat smaller pinnules from the plant described by Fontaine and I. C. 

White from the Dunkard formation of West Virginia and Pennsylvania.

IT. S. National Museum (E. H. Sellards), 8635. Locality unknown.

CalUpteridium Sullivantii (Lx.) Weiss.

Lacoe collection, 11758, 11759, 12116. Cherokee shales, Lansing. 

U. S National Museum (E. H. Sellards), 8633?. Cherokee shales, 

Lansing.

Callipteris conferta Sternb.

U. S. National Museum (E. H. Sellards), 8111. Marion? formation, 

Dickinson County.

Callipteris conferta obliqua (Goepp.) Weiss. 

E. H. Sellards. Marion? formation, Dickinson County.

Callipteris conferta vulgaris Weiss.

E. H. Sellards. Marion? formation, Dickinson County.

Callipteris n. sp.

U. S. National Museum (E. H. Sellards), 8097, 8103. Marion? formation, Dickinson County.

Glenopteris splendens Sellards.

U. S. National Museum (E. H. Sellards), 8077. Marion? formation, 

Dickinson County.

Glenopteris simplex Sellards.

U. S. National Museum (E. H. Sellards), 8082. Marion? formation, 

Dickinson County.

Glenopteris lineata Sellards.

U. S..National Museum (E. H. Sellards), 8084. Marion? formation, 

Dickinson County.
WHITE.] . FOSSIL PLANTS. 95

Glenopteris Sterlingi Sellards.

IT. S. National Museum (E. H. Sellards), 8079. Marion? formation, 

Di'ckinson County.

Q-lenopteris? lobata Sellards. 

Marion? formation, Dickinson County.

Odontopteris osrnundceformis (Schloth.) Zeill.

The name osmundceformis, given by Schlotheim, antedates Schlotlieimii, the name given by Brongniart and employed by Lesquereux 

for the specimens in hand. To this species probably belong the fragments from Osage (Lacoe collection, 11269) identified by Lesquereux 

as Odontopteris Reichiana Brongn.

Lacoe collection, 10310-10312. Chanute (Thayer) shales, Thayer.

Lacoe collection, 10313-10315, 11269. Le Roy (Lawrence) shales, 

Osage.

Odontopteris Reicliiana Gutb.

Identified by Lesquereux.

Lacoe collection, 11265. Chanute (Thayer) shales, Thayer.

Odontopteris Brardii (Brongn.) Sternb.

U. S. National Museum (F. F. Crevecoeur), 8832. Elmdale formation, Onaga.

Odontopteris (Lescuropteris] Moorii (Lx.) D. W.

U. S. National Museum (F. F. Crevecoeur). Ehndale formation, 

Onaga.

Odontopteris sp. Sellards.

U. S. National Museum (E. H. Sellards), 8114, 8007. Marion? for" 

uiation, Dickinson County.

Odontopteris papilionacea n. sp.

The fragment somewhat doubtfully separated as above is characterized by very distant,.opposite or subopposite paired pinnules not very 

large, 1-2 cm. long, 5-12 mm. wide, ovate to subcuneate, auriculate or 

subauriculate, irregularly and obliquely lobate or sublobate, the lobes 

unequal, usually linear or narrow, obtuse, and parted to a variable 

depth, the nerves being decurrent at the origin, flexed abruptly 

outward, then arching but slightly, while forking usually three 

times in passing at an oblique angle to the border, Avhere they usually 

number about 30 per centimeter. The species seems to be intermediate between 0. cornuta L. and 0. subcuneata Bunby., both of which 

species are possibly founded on heteromorphous pinnae belonging to 

the Neuropteris Scheuchzeri group.

Lacoe collection, 2086, Cherokee shales, Lansing.
96 UPPER CARBONIFEROUS OF KANSAS. [BULL.211.

Odontopteris ? sp.

A very small fragment agreeing in many respects with examples 

identified by Lesquereux as Odontopteris alpina (Sterub.) Gein., and 

0. monstruosa Lx. It possibly only represents a terminal portion 

with large pinnules belonging to the plant here provisionally listed as 

Neuropteris Desorii Lx. U. S. National Museum (E. H. Sellards), 8612. Le Roy (Lawrence) 

shale, Oak Hill Cemetery, Lawrence.

Neuropteris Desorii Lx.?

A number of small fragments, from the vicinity of Lawrence, communicated by Mr. Sellards, are close to the species as identified by 

Lesquereux from Pennsylvania, though some of the specimens appear 

to represent a form with large pinnules. The plant described in the 

Coal Flora under the above name is a very interesting type which 

should perhaps be referred to Odontopteris.

U.t S. National Museum (E. H. Sellards), 8611, 8613. Le Roy (Lawrence) shale, Oak Hill Cemetery, Lawrence.

U. S. National Museum (E. H. Sellards), 8632. LeRoy (Lawrence) 

shale, University Hill, Lawrence.

Neuropteris rarinervis Bunby.

Lacoe collection, 1872-1875. Cherokee shales, Lansing. 

U. S. National Museum (E. H. Sellards), 8644. Cherokee shales, 

Lansing.

Neuropteris vermicularis Lx.

U. S. National Museum (E. H. Sellards), 8643. Cherokee shales, 

Lansing. . Neuropteris Lindalili n. sp.

A species of the Alethopteroid (Neumletliopteris) group, with very

small, linear, narrowly triangular, often somewhat subfalcate pinnules with cordate, auriculate, usually inequilateral bases and narrowly obtuse apices. The lamina is rather thick and slighly arched, 

as in N. Elrodi Lx., to which the species is very closely related. The 

median nerve is persistent, the lateral nerves rather coarse, generally 

regular, moderately close, open at the base, and curving to a right 

angle toward the margin while forking once or twice. The species 

resembles the N. Schlehani of Stur also, though lacking the smaller 

basal pinnules while being more distinctly auriculate. The plant 

was first identified in the Illinois State Geological Museum, in honor 

of whose curator at that time. Dr. Josua Lindahl, it is named. Later 

it was found in the Lacoe collection, and more recently it has been 

communicated in numerous fine examples by Mr. Sellards/ -

Lacoe collection, 11621-11624. Erie (Bethany Falls) limestone, 

Kansas City. » U. S. National Museum (E. H. Sellards), 8636. Erie (Bethany 

Falls) limestone, Kansas City.
WHITE.] EOSSIL PLANTS. 97

Neuropteris ovata Hoffm.

Recorded as Neuropteris Loscliii Brongn. in the Kansas lists in the 

Coal Flora, p. 880.

U. S. National Museum (E. H. Sellards), 7741, 8639. Chanute 

(Thayer) shales, Thayer.

Lacoe collection, 10744-10746. Cherokee shales, Lansing.

U. S. National Museum (E. H. Sellards), 8638, 18645. Cherokee 

shales, Lansing.

U. S. National Museum (E. H. Sellards) 7733, 8640. Le Roy (Lawrence) shales, University Hill, Lawrence.

Lacoe collection, 10740. Le Roy (Lawrence) shales, Ottawa?

Lacoe collection, 10739. Le Roy (Lawrence) shales, Garnett.

A form with short and broader pinnules, approaching the plant 

from the high Coal Measures in the Appalachian region, provisionally

referred to Neuropteris auricuiata, is found in the Severy shale.

U. S. National Museum (E. H. Sellards), 8641. Severy shale, 

Scranton.

Neuropteris plicata Stern b.

The plant generally identified by Lesquereux as this species is perhaps a late phase or modification of N. ovata, to which it is most 

closely related. It is also related to the species described below as 

N. hastata.

U. S. National Museum' (E. H. Sellards), 7740. Chanute (Thayer) 

shales, Thayer.

U. S. National Museum (F. F. Crevecoeur), 8839. Elm dale formation, Onaga.

Neuropteris hastata n. sp.

The species here named includes several fragments with broad 

striate rachis provided with closely placed, alternate to. opposite, 

inequilateral, more or less distinctly and narrowly triangular pinnules 

very closely comparable to those of N. LebertiHr., but generally more 

elongated and acute, and often attenuate at the apex like N. aspera 

Lx. Frequently the proximal angle is prolonged somewhat as in 

N. caudata D. W., to. which the close, strongly arched nervation also 

is, on the whole, very similar. The distal basal, angle is often squarrose or but slightly oblique. The species is possibly based on the 

heteromorphous pinnae from the lower portion of the fronds of a species 

of the Neuropteris ovata group. The later representatives of the 

latter species need a careful revision and more complete illustration.

Lacoe collection, 12072-12074 (types). Cherokee shales, Lansing.

Lacoe collection, 12076. Le Roy (Lawrence) shales, Lawrence.

Specimens, hardly typical, accompanying N. Lindahli communicated by Mr. Sellards.

U. S. National Museum, 1837. Erie (Bethariy Falls) limestone, Kansas City.

Bull. 211 03 7
98 UPPEK CAKBCXNIFEKOUS OF KANSAS. '[BUU..EI.

Neuropteris auriculata Brongu.?

The specimens here designated are probably quite distinct specifically from the European plant of this name, though apparently agreeing with material from the Dunkard formation of West Virginia, thus 

identified by Lesquereux.

IT. S. National Museum (F. F. Crevecoenr), 8829. Elmdale formation, Onaga.

Neuropteris sp.

Lacoe collection, 12070, 12071. Cherokee shales, Lansing. 

Neuropteris Clarltsoni Lx.

This species appears to differ but little, save in its greater size, from 

British examples referred to N. macropJiylla Brongn., to which the 

American species is joined by Kidston.

Lacoe collection, 1777-1781. Cherokee shales, Lausing.

U". S. National Museum (F. A. Bollard), 7759. Cherokee shales, 

Lansing.

Neuropteris Sclieuclizeri Hoffm.

Includes Neuropteris liirsuta Lx. and N. angustifolia'BYongu., as 

the latter is listed from Osage in the Coal Flora. a Also the specimen 

from Lawrence labeled by Professor Lesquereux as Lesley a micropliylla Lx. is probably but a deformed terminal pinnule of the same 

species.

Lacoe collection, 11665-11681, 12012-1.2014. Cherokee shales, Lausing.

U. S. National Museum (E. II. Sellards), 8648. Cherokee shales, 

Lansing.

U. S. National Museum (E. H. Sellards), 8650. Chanute (Thayer)

shales, Thayer.

U. S. National Museum (E. H. Sellards), 7720, 7721, 7735, 8646, 

8649. Le Roy (Lawrence) shales, Blue Mounds.

U.-S. National Museum (E. H. Sellards), 7734, 7736, 8647. Le Roy 

(Lawrence) shales, University Hill, Lawrence.

Lacoe collection, 11567-11569. Le Roy (Lawrence) shales, Lawrence.

Lacoe collection, 11606," 11607. Severy shales, Osage.

U. S. National Museum (E. H. Sellards), 8651. Americus limestone, 

Emporia.

The specimens sent by Mr. Crevecoeur to the United States Geological Survey from Onaga represent a large phase of the species with 

extremely large, long, Ungulate, broadly pedicellate, very obtuse, and 

often heterornorphous leaves, nearly destitute of hairs. It is scarcely 

different from the Appalachian Dunkard formation type, which, since 

the hairs are seldom found except in the youngest or terminal pinnies,

a Vol. Ill, p. 881.
WHITE.] FOSSIL PLANTS. 99

I have labeled in. onr collections as the .variety nuclei. On account 

of its marked difference in proportion from the earlier and normal 

Neuropteris Sclieuchzeri it should, perhaps, be treated as a distinct 

species.

TJ. S. National Museum (F. F..Crevecoeur), 8837. Elmclale formation, Onaga.

Neuropteris Rogersi Lx. (lion Kimball).

This very rare American species has been identified and transmitted in typical examples by Mr. Sellards.

U. S. National Museum, 7737, 8142. Le Roy (Lawrence) shales, 

Twin Mounds. <-

Neuropteris sp. Sellards.

A specimen communicated by Mr. Sellards resembles in some 

respects N. cordata Brongn.

U. S. National Museum, 8107. Marion formation, Dickinsou 

County.

Neuropteris career aria n. sp.

The types of this species include the specimen from Canuelton, Pa., 

No. 14831 of the Lacoe collection, described and poorly illustrated in 

the Coal Flora" as Odoniopteris monstruosa Lx., and specimens 10785 

from Lansing and 10791 from Mazon Creek, Illinois. The pinnules, 

as shown in the cited figure, are ovate, becoming constricted at the 

attachments along the lower portion of the slender rachis. The distal 

borders are distinctly and coarsely dentate or serrate (not shown in 

the figure), even more clearly so than in Neuropteris crenulata, Avith 

which I was for a long time disposed to place the Lansing specimen. 

The nervation originating from a single decurrent strand is distinct, 

not especially coarse, the median nerve quickly vanishing, the nervilles being a little strong, semiflabellate, distant, and passing nearly 

straight while forking usually twice to the border, where each nerville 

enters one of the teeth of the pinnule. The species is by its general 

form, the dentition of its pinnules, and its distant nerves related to 

N. crenulata, whose lowest pinnules, so admirably illustrated by 

Zeiller, 6 it closely resembles, though its slender rachis, dissolving 

median nerves, the straighter and not very coarse nervilles, and the 

broadly ovate form of the upper pinnules clearly separate it from the 

European plant. It is undoubtedly closely connected with the littleknown N. Evenii Lx., from which, while apparently quite distinct, it 

may ultimately prove inseparable.

Lacoe collection, 10785. Cherokee shales, Lansing.

 '.Vol. Ill, p. 741, PI. XCVII, fig. 3.

&F1. foss. bassin houill. Cornmeiitry, Pt. 1, Pis. XXVI, XXVII, figs. 1-5.
100 UPPEK CARBONIFEROUS OF KANSAS. [BULL.HI.

Linopteris dbliqua (Bunby.) Pot. 

Lacoe collection, 11368. Cherokee shales, Lausing. 

Lesleya ? micropliylla Lx.

The type of this species/' from Osage, may be but an example of 

the somewhat polymorphous terminal pinnules, so common in the 

later phase of Neuropteris Sclieuclizeri Hoffin. Its validity as a representative of the genus Lesleya is, to say the least, extremely 

doubtful. . Lacoe collection, 11744. feevery shales, Osage.

Tc&niopteris coriacea Goepp.

U. S. National Museum (E. H. Sellards), 8092-8094. Marion ? formation, Dickinson Coruity.

Tc&niopteris coriacea linearis Sellards.

U. S. National Museum (E. H. Sellards), 8095. Marion ? formation, Dickinson County.

Tc&niopt&ris Newberriana F. & I. C. W.

Identified and transmitted by Mr. Sellards.

U. S. National Museum (E. H. Sellards), 8087-8091. Marion ? formation, Dickinson County.

Aplilebia filiformis (Gutb.).

Original of record of Rliacophylhini filiforme in the Kansas flora. 

Lacoe collection, 1940S. Le Roy (Lawrence) shales, Garnett.

Aphlebia acuminata (Eliacopliyllwn acuminatum 11. sp.) Lx. Mss.

The types of this undescribed species are in the material left by 

Lesquereux unfinished.

Lacoe collection, 19500-19572, 19574, 19575. Le Roy (Lawrence) 

shales, Garnett.

Spiropteris sp.

Probably Pecopteris villosa Brongn.?

Lacoe collection, 19382. Cherokee shales, Lausing.

Daiibreeia sp.

Evidently representing the genus described by Renault and Zeiller 

from the Commentry Basin. The discovery of this rare Old World 

genus adds new evidence regarding the common character of the 

Carboniferous flora in Europe and in America.

U. S. National Museum (F. F. Crevecoeur), 9003-9005. Elmdale 

formation, Onaga.

a Coal Flora, Vol. Ill, p. 831.
WHITE.] FOSSIL PLANTS. 101

Plintliiotlieca angularis Lx. sp.

Tliis species described. by Lesquereux ffl as LepidocysUs angularis 

consists of a small peltate or pseudopeltate, densely radiately fibrous 

leaf, with greatly thickened, transversely ridged mesophyll, the furrows of which are occupied by closely grouped sporangia. This plainly 

represents the genus recently described by Zeiller 6 as Plintliiotlieca.

In the American species, which is represented by numerous specimens in the Lacoe collection from the Allegheny formation, 6' the rows 

of sporangia completely cover one side of the disk and form a marginal fringe, the peripheral sporangia being directed outward. The 

sporangia of our plant are in fours, and spread out, in the mature 

specimens, in a way very strongly resembling the soil described by 

Stur as Hawlea Cord a. In fact,, the radiate sporangia, which are 

attached at the basal end only, and which open longitudinally through 

their whole length, whether turgid or collapsed, resemble more closely 

those of the latter genus than Asterothcca, with which Professor 

Zeiller compares his specimens.

From the form and aspect of the specimens I conclude that the 

soil are on the under side of the leaf, which in most instances they 

completely cover, though in a few cases a marginal zone of the disk 

is left uncovered. This zone is precisely like that sometimes present 

in 'Doleropteris Gr. '.Ey. The young examples of the plant in hand, by 

their less distinct sporangia and the rows of rounded, puffy, fleshy protuberances, so strongly suggest the fertile leaves of the latter genus 

as to lead one to question whether the distinctions be less than generic, 

and whether the Lepidocystis angularis Lx. should possibly be 

referred to Doleropteris, or to Androstachys, its supposed polliniferons leaf. The writer hopes to make the specimens in liand the subject of a more detailed study, with ample illustrations.

Lacoe collection, 25271. Cherokee shales, Lansing.

Calamites ramosus Artis.

Includes specimens described by Lesquereux in Coal Flora, Vol. Ill, 

p. 702, pi. xcii, figs. 1, 2, 3,4. Some of the fragments placed by Lesquereux in this species should probably be put in Calamites Suckowii.

Lacoe collection, 17386-17389(figured), and 17405,17406. Apparently 

from the Le Roy (Lawrence) shales, and probably from Lawrence.

Lacoe collection, 17407. Severy shales, Osage.

Calamites Suckowii Brongu.

Lacoe collection, 17256-17258, 17260-17272. Le Roy (Lawrence) 

shales, Lawrence.

"Coal Flora, Vol. II, p. 450, PI. LXIX, fig. 17.

''Mem. Soc. geol. France, Pal., No. 21, p. 54, PI. IV, figs. 18, ISA.

 'The statement accompanying the description, Coal Flora, p. 457, that some of the types are 

from the " Intel-conglomerate " [Pottsville] of Canipbells Ledge, is erroneous, they having been 

collected from the lower group of the succeeding anthracite series at Port Griffith, in the 

Northern Anthracite field. * 
102 UPPER CARBONIFEROUS OF KANSAS. [BULL.211.

Ccilamites Cistii Brongn. 

Lacoe collection, 17351-17.352. LeRoy (Lawrence) shales, Lawrence.

Ccilamites cannc&formis Schloth. 

Lacoe collection, 17373. Le Roy (Lawrence) shales, Lawrence.

Ccdamodendron cruciaium (Sternb.) Zeill.? 

Lacoe collection, 17357. Le Roy (Lawrence) shales, Lawrence. 

Aster opliylliies equisetiformis (Schloth.) Brongn.

The Blue Mounds examples are robust; the Onaga, dense.

Lacoe collection, 17G77. Cherokee shales, Lansing.

U. S. National Museum (E. H. Sellards),8056,8657. Oherokee shales, 

Lansing. . U. S. National Museum (E. II. Sellards), 7728. LeRoy (Lawrence) 

shales, Blue Mounds.

U. S. National Museum (F. F. Crevecoeur), 8845. Elmdale .formation, Onaga.

Asteraphyllites sp.

U. S. National Museum (E. H. Sellards), 8658. Unknown. 

Annularia stellata (Schloth.) A-\rood.

Lacoe collection, 17913. Cherokee shales, Lansing.

U. S. National Museum (E. ,H. Sellards), 8659. Cherokee shales, 

Lansing. _

Lacoe collection, 17907.. Chanute (Thayer) shales, Thayer.

U. S. National Museum (E. H. Sellards), 8661. Chanute (Thayer) 

shales, Thayer.

U. S. National Museum (E. H. Sellards), 7731. Le Roy (Lawrence) 

shales, Twin Mounds.

U. S. National Museum (F. F. Crevecoeur), 8844. Elmdale formation, Onaga.

Annularia splienopliylloides (Zenk.) Gutb.

Lacoe collection, 17992-17993, 17953. Cherokee shales, Lansing. 

Annularia sphenopliyttoides intermedia Lx.

A type with elongated leaves, intermediate to A. stellata, was designated by Lesquereux as the var. intermedia of A. splienopliylloides. 

It is in general characteristic of the higher Coal Measures.

Lacoe collection, 17950,17952. LeRoy (Lawrence) shales, Lawrence.

U. S. National Museum (E. H. Sellards), 7726. Le Roy (Lawrence) 

shales, Blue Mounds.
VTHTTW.] FOSSIL PLANTS. 103

Bruckmannia tubercidata Sternb.?

A fragment of an axis with portions of bracts probably belonging to 

Annularia stellata, though it is possibly referable to A. splienopliylloides.

Lacoe collection, 18338. Le Roy (Lawrence) shales, Ottawa.

Calamostachys lirevifolia Lx.? 

Lacoe collection, 18359. Cherokee shales, Lansing.

Splienopliyllum emarginatum minor D. W. a

Besides the normal form of Splienophyllum emarginatum the collections from the lower horizons contain a few fragments of the narrower and somewhat more acutely dentate form, which, in treating 

the flora of the Lower Coal Measures of Missouri, I have referred to as 

S. cuneifolium. This form, which, as I have since pointed out, is different from the typical Old World S. cimeifolium, characteristic of 

the Potts ville and Lower Kanawha formations in this country, appears 

on further examination and comparisons to be in reality connected 

with S. emarginatum rather than with S. cuneifolium. I'therefore 

propose for this form, which represents an earlier phase of S.emarginatum, the varietal term given above. AVhere the leaves are much 

dissected or they are narrow with margins incurved and buried in the 

matrix it is often difficult of distinction from the normal' form of 

the species and from S. cuneifolium.

Lacoe collection, 18509. Cherokee shales, Lansing.

U. S. National Museum (E. H. Sellards), 8665. Cherokee shales, 

Lansing.

Splienophyllum emarginatum Brongn.

U. S. National Museum (E. H. Sellards), 8666. Locality unknown. 

Splienophyllum oblongifolium (Germ.) ling.

Besides the type identified by Lesquereux under this name in the 

Kansas material, a small form strongly suggestive of the closely 

related Splienopliyllum filiculme. Lx. is also present.

Lacoe collection, 18669, 18708. Chanute (Thaycr) shales, Thayer.

U. S. National Museum (E. H. Sellards), 8663. Chanute (Thayer) 

shales, Thayer.

Lacoe collection, 18521, 18522. Le Roy (Lawrence) shales, Lawrence.

U. S. National Museum (E. H. Sellards), 8662. Le Roy'(Lawrence) 

shales, Twin Mounds.

« Sphenophyllum cuneifolium (Sternb.) Zeill., D. White, Moil. U. S. Geol. Survey Vol. XXX VII, 

1899, p. 174, excluding syn.
104 TJPPEE CARBONIFEROUS OF KANSAS. [BULL.211.

Splienopliyllum verticillatum (Schloth.) Zeill.

This very rare species seems.to be represented in the Lacoe collection by a single specimen, No. 18610, labeled as Splienopliyllum 

Schlotheimii Brongn. a This, with several fragments from Blue 

Mounds communicated by Mr. Sellards, represents a crenulate, delicate type of leaf, with well-rounded angles, agreeing fairly well with 

Schlotheim's Pcdmacites verticillatus, though they are slightly more 

robust and a little broader. In the form of the leaf the specimens in 

hand approach the papilionate group represented by S. latifolium F. 

& I. C. W., S. laiifolium R. & Z., S. papilionaceum Gr. 'Ey., and S. 

Tlioni Mahr.

The Kansas plant differs slightly from that illustrated as Sphenopliyllum Schlotheimii by Lesquereux in the Coal Flora. 6

Lacoe collection, 18610. Le Roy (Lawrence) shales, Ottawa.

U. S. National Museum (E. H. Sellards), 8667. Le Roy (Lawrence) 

shales, Blue Mounds.

Splienopliyllum sp. Sellards.

A member of the papilionate group.

U. S. National Museum CE. H. Sellards)' 8121. Marion ? formation, 

Dickinson County.

Radiciies capillaceus (L. & IT.) Pot.

U. S. National Museum (F. F. Crevecoeur), 8843. Elmdale formation, Onaga.

Knorria compacla Lx.

The types from Kansas on which this species was founded, Coal 

Flora, Vol. Ill, p. 839, are sigillarioid in aspect. The species needs 

a thorough examination. .

Lacoe collection, 15800-15803. Chanute (Thayer) shales, Thayer.

Bolhrodendron ? n. sp.

A small, somewhat macerated, minutely rugose cortical fragment 

having numerous distant scars which are similar in form to those of 

Bothrodendron minutifolium, but a little larger, concave on the lower 

lateral margins and distinctly marked by a deep rounded apical sinus. 

Nerve trace small, central, transverse; cicatricules vertical, distant 

along the transverse diameter half .way to the lateral angles. With 

Alethopteris Grandini. .

Lacoe collection, 12208. Le Roy (Lawrence) shales, Lawrence.

«The specific name given by Schlotkeim lias priority over that applied by Brongniart to the 

same plant. 

bAtlas, p. 2, PI. II, ttg. C.
WHITE.] FOSSIL PLANTS. - 105

Lepidostrobus cultriformis Lx.

With Lepidoplvyllum cultriforme Lx. 

Lacoe collection, 16092-1G097. Cherokee shales, Lansing. 

U. S. National Museum (E. H. Sellarcls), 8668. Cherokee shales, 

Lansing.

Sigillaria camptotcenia Wood.

A good specimen of this species, labeled as above, has been sent to 

the National Museum by Mr. Sellards. It should be noted here, however, that the examples from Lawrence, described by Lesquereux 

under this name as accompanied by Sigillariosirolms baurencianus, 

the two species being regarded as in union as stem and cone, can not 

be referable to S. camptoic&nia. As seen in the original and other 

specimens from the same locality, the stem fragments (Lacoe collection, 16641, 16642) are coarsely lincate longitudinally,' not meshed. 

The impressions, which seem to be subepidermal, possibly represent 

a partially decorticated phase of the plant described below as Sigillaria suspecta, or that designated as "Sigillaria Brardii, a flue variety," 

by Lesqiiereux. To Sigillaria camptoic&nia belong specimens 18231 

and 18233 of the Lacoe collection, labeled by him as Stigmaria ficoides 

var. stellata Goepp.

Lacoe collection, 18231, 18232. Chanute (Thayer) shales, Thayer.

U. S. National Museum (E. H. Sellarcls), 8670. Le Boy (Lawrence) 

shales, Blue Mounds.

Sigillaria .Brardii Brongn

U. S. National Museum (E. H. Sellards), 868G. Le Boy (Lawrence) 

shales, Lawrence.

U. S. National Museum (E. H. Sellards), 8074. Sevory shales,

Scran ton.

Sigillaria Brardii coriacea n. var.

The specimens which are here varietally reported are marked by 

the very large size of the leaf scars, which are laterally distinctly 

acuminate, and distant from one another in the same spiral a little 

more than their vertical diameter, the intervening surface of the but 

slightly protuberant cushion being coarsely granular-shagreened. 

On account of the latter feature specimens of this form were labeled 

by Lesquereux as S. relicidata Lx. The variety coviacea may possibly prove inseparable from the type of cortex identified by the same 

author as Sigillaria venuloxa Brongn. The latter, or its supposed 

representatives in this country, seem in turn hardly to differ specifically from the S. obliqua as recognized by Lesquereux in material from 

the Appalachian region. The latter specimens are undoubtedly referable to the S. Brardii group.

Lacoe collection, 16604-16609. Le Boy (Lawrence) shales, Lawrence.

U. S. National Museum (E. H. Sellards), 8672, 8673. Le Boy (Lawrence) shales, Blue Mounds.
106 UPPER CARBONIFEROUS OF KANSAS. [BULL.211.

Sigillaria stispecta n. sp.

Bothrodendroid cortex having small rhomboidal scars, 2 to 3 mm. 

in diameter, usually 1 cm. or more apart, nearly 1^ times as broad as 

long, exactly rounded below, a little less than rectangular laterally, 

arched strongly upward with a very shallow and rather narrow apical 

sinus. The nerve scar is small, round, and but very little above the 

center of the scar, the lateral cicatricules being very oblique, very 

narrow, nearly straight and elongated below the median line of the 

scar. The interfoliar epidermis is transversely shagreened almost as 

in Botlirodendron minutifolium. In the partially decorticated condition the stems are rather coarsely and distantly but irregularly longitudinally lineate.

Lacoe collection, 16650, 19732 (types). Probably from the Le Roy 

(Lawrence) shales, of Lawrence.

Sigillaria Laurenciana n. sp. Lx. Mss.

Lacoe collection, 16570, 16571 (types). Le Roy (Lawrence) shales, 

Lawrence.

Sigillaria rectistriata n. sp. Lx. Mss.

Lacoe collection, 16576, 16577 (types). Chanute (Thayer) shales, 

Thayer. '

Sigillariostrobus quadrangidaris Lx. sp.

In structure the cones described by Lesquereux a as Lepidocystis 

quadrangularis seem to correspond to the strobili of the SigillaricB. 

Lacoe collection, 25280. Le Roy (Lawrence) shales, Lawrence.

Sigillariostrobus davatus Lx. sp. (Sigillariostrobus Laurencianus

Lx.)

This interesting species is represented by several fine examples 

from Kansas, including the types of Sigillariostrobus Laurencianus 

Lx. in the Lacoe collection. After a careful examination of the latter 

I am unable to discern any conclusive evidence that this strobilus 6 is 

in union with the specimens identified by Lesquereux as Sigillaria 

monostigma, as was assumed by the author in the original description 

of Sigillariostrobus'Laurencianus. The fragments of stem impression, which can hardly be Sigillaria camptotoznia, appear to be merely 

superimposed on a portion of a cone. Sigillariostrobus Laurencianus 

was correlated by Lesquereux c with Trocliopliyllum clavatumLx.., the 

specific term of which has priority. Sigillariostrobus davatus differs 

from the closely related S. Lacoei (Lycopodiles LacoeiLx.) by its 

more slender axis and much larger acuminate bracts, with a longer,

« Coal Flora, Vol. II, p. 455. & Idem, Vol. HI, p. 793. «Ibid., p. 794.
wrrrra.] FOSSIL PLANTS. 107

more open sporangiferous portion. The types of the species are 

included in 

Lacoe collection, 10640-16648. Le Roy (Lawrence) shales, Lawrence.

U. S. National Museum (E. H. Sellards), 8676. Le Roy (Lawrence) 

shales, Blue Mounds.

Doleropteris pennsylvanica Dn. sp.

Tlie American specimens described by Dawson a as Doleropliyllum 

pennsylvanicum agree in all essential characters with the supposed 

polleniferons leaves described or figured by Renault 6 and Saporta 6 as 

'Doleropliyllum and by Grand 'Eury d as 'Doleropteris and A.ndrostacliys. 

In several of our examples the "polleniferous" area is bordered by a 

thick radially fibrous zone much broader than in the example figured 

by Saporta and Renault. In the Kansas specimens we have the disk 

completely covered by the polleniferons capsules, which as pointed out 

by Dawson are apparently a little larger than in the European species, 

though in other superficial details the agreement with the Androstachys cebennensis of Grand 'Eury is equally close. Unfortunately the 

specimens at hand are not so preserved as to show the internal structure, but the impressions in the soft ferruginous sandstone have 

the somewhat obscure appearance of rows of squarrose groups of 

four. The aspect of these specimens strongly suggests very deeply 

immersed sori, possibly comparable to a certain extent with those of 

Plintliiotlieca Zeiller, rather than the irregular, elongated, closed 

chambers shown in the sections so admirably prepared by Professor 

Renault. In its general superficial aspect the Plintliiotlieca anatolica 

of Zeiller appears to be intermediate between P. angularis and 

Androstachys. I have, however, no doubt as to the generic identity of the species described by Dawson as Doleropliyllum pennsylvanicum and the fertile material figured by Renault and Saporta as 

belonging to that genus. If the supposed polleniferous leaves are 

actually generically identical with the striate leaves described by the 

same -authors under the same name, they should be designated as 

Doleropteris, the name which, though possibly inappropriate, was 

earlier applied e to the genus. On the other hand, if the generic identity of the sterile leaves and the supposed polleniferous leaves is not 

established, the specimens in hand should be referred to the genus 

Androstachys, which was proposed by Grand 'Eury especially for 

these fertile leaves. It may be interesting to note in this connection 

that the types of Doleropteris pennsylvanica in the Lacoe collection 

have the manuscript name Doleropliyllocarpum written in Sir William Dawson's hand on the labels.

"Can. Rec. Sci., Vol. IV, No. 1,1890, p. 7.

''Fl. foss. bussin houill. perm. Autun et Epinac, Vol. II, p. 262, PI. LXXII, fig..13.

 Evol. r-ig. veg , Pkanerog., Vol. 1, 1885, p. 75, f. &5.

 'Geol. Paleont. bassin hpiull. Gard, 1800, p. 306, PI. VIII, figs. 2A, 2A'. 

«Graud 'Eury, Fl. Garb. Loire, 1877, p. 104.
108 UPPER CARBONIFEROUS OF KANSAS. [BULL.211.

The genus Doleropliyllum was included by Saporta among the transitional types grouped by him in the Progymnosperms. Professor 

Renault correlates, as the seed of the genus, a fruit which in certain 

features resembles a large specimen of Rlicibdocarpus mamillatus. 

Whether the plants in hand should be definitely referred to the gymnosperms is perhaps still a little doubtful. Inclining to the belief entertained by Dawson and others that these specimens may represent 

fertile cyclopterid pinnules, some of whose striate fronds may still 

be known as Neuropteris, I am disposed to include them in the group 

Cycadofilices established by Potonie.

Lacoe collection, 19620. Le Roy (Lawrence) .shales, Lawrence.

Lacoe collection, 19621. Le Roy (Lawrence) shales, Lawrence.

 Cordaiies communis Lx.

Specimens under this name transmitted by Mr. Sellards. 

U. S. National Museum, 8677. Le Roy (Lawrence) shales, Blue 

Mounds.

Cordaiies squammiferus Lx. n. sp. MSS.

The description of this species will be included in a posthumous 

work covering a large amount of other material described or studied 

by Lesquerenx.

Lacoe collection, 26421 (type). Severy shales, Osage.

Cordaiies illinoisensis Dn.. 

Described by Penhallow from Chase County. 

Dadoxylon JProsseri Penh. 

Types from Cottonwood. Township, Chase County.

Pityoxylon Chasense Penh. 

Coon Creek, Chase County.

Cordaianilius ovatus Lx. 

Lacoe collection, 19207. Cherokee shales, Lansing.

Cordaicarpon cinctum Lx. 

Lacoe collection, 25351. Cherokee shales, Lansing.

Cardiocarpon Itansasiense Lx. n. sp. MSS. 

Lacoe collection, 26421 (type). Severy shales, Osage.

Cardioca?rpon ellipticum (Sternb.) Lx. 

Lacoe collection, 25918. Severy shales, Osage.
WHITE.] FOSSIL PLANTS. 109 

.Cardiocarpon Branneri Fairch. and D. W.

A single somewhat obscure specimen identified and transmitted by 

Mr.. Sellards.

U. S. National Museum, 8680. Erie (Bethany Falls) limestone, 

Kansas City.

Cardiocarpon sp. cf. Cuyahogw D. W.

U. S. National Museum (E. II. Sellards), 8678, 8681. Locality 

unknown.

Rliabdocarpos mamillatus Lx.

Lacoe collection, 26793. Cherokee shales, Lansing.

Rliabdocarpos Beineriianus Goepp. and Berg. 

U. S. National Museum (E. II. Sellards), 8G82. Locality unknown.

Rhabdocarpos sulcatus (Presl) Kiclst. 

Lacoe collection, 26535. Le Roy (LaAvrence) shales (?), Lawrence (?).

.Rliabdocarpos coronatus Lx. n. sp. MSS.

Lacoe collection, 26568 (types). LeRoy (Lawrence) shales, Ottawa. 

Rlidbdocarpos amygdalwformis Goepp. and Berg.

It is doubtful whether the specimens from Osage labeled and 

recorded by Lesquereux as above are identical with the seed described 

under that name by Goeppert and Berger.

Lacoe collection, 26633, 26640. Severy shales, Osage.

Rliabdocarpos Jacksonianus Lx.

 IF. S. National Museum (E. II. Sellards, 8683). Locality unknown. 

Trigonocarpivm Starkianum Lx.

Lacoe collection, 26916. Le Roy (Lawrence) shales, Lawrence. 

Lacoe collection, 26904'?. Le Roy (Lawrence) shales, Ottawa. 

Lacoe collection, 26911-26915. Severy shales, Osage. 

U. S. National Museum (E. H. Sellards), 8679. Locality unknown.

Trigonocarpum kansaseanum Lx.

Type, Coal Flora, Vol. Ill, p. 822.

Lacoe collection, 26999-27004. Severy shales, Osage.

Trigonocarpum Adamsii Lx.'?

Lacoe collection, 26749-26750. Erie (Bethany Falls) limestone, 

Kansas City.
110 UPPEE CARBONIFEROUS OF KANSAS. [BULL.21L

Trigonocqrpwm Hildreti Lx.

Identified by Lesquereux and labeled "Kansas." 

Lacoe collection, 26641. Locality unknown.

Carpolithes granularis Sternb.

The original of fig. 20, PL CXI, of the Coal Flora, from Osage, 

described by Lesquereux under the above name, appears to be specifically indistinguishable from, the specimens from the same place 

identified by him as Ccirdiocarpon ellipticum.

Lacoe collection, 25757. Severy shales, Osage.

AGE OF THE BEDS FROM WHICH THE PIjAJSTS WERE

COLLECTED.

It is not within the scope of this summary to enter upon a discussion of the horizontal or vertical distribution of the individual species comprising the floras as yet made known from Kansas. Such 

data, comprising the correlative evidence in detail, are of necessity 

omitted from, this paper. In the following pages but little more than 

the broader or tentative conclusions as to correlations will be stated; 

and since also very little information is available as to the floras 

above the stage of the Cherokee shales in the western interior 

regions, comparisons must be confined for the most part to the paleobotanically much better-known section of tbe Appalachian trough. a

CHEEOKEE FLOE A AT THE PENITENTIARY SHAFT, LANSING. .

Exciptilites Callipteridis (Scliimp.) Netiropteris sp.

Kidst. Netiropteris Clarksoni Lx.

Ereniopteris solida (Lx.) D. W. Neuropteris Schetichzeri Hoffm.

Pseudopecopteris squaniosa (Lx.) D. W. Neuropteris carceraria D. W.

PseudopecopterisPhickenetii( Schloth.) Linopteris obliqua (Bunby.) Pot.

Lx. ' Spiropteris sp.

Sphenopteris denticulata Brongn. Plinthiotheca angularis (Lx.) D. W.

Sphenopteris sp. Asterophyllites equisetiform-is

Pecopteris unita Goepp. (Schloth.) Brongn.

'Pecopteris squamosa Lx. Annularia stellata (Schloth.) Wood.

Pecopteris vestita Lx. Annularia sphenophylloides (Zenk.)

Pecopteris villosa Brongn. ? Gtitb.

Pecopteris cf. polymorpha Brongn. V Calamostachys brevifolia Lx. ?

Alethopteris sp. Sphenophyllnm emarginatuin Brongn.

Callipteridium Sullivantii (Lx.) Weiss. var. minor D. W.

Odontopteris papilionacea D. W. Lepidostrobus cultriformis Lx.

Netiropteris rarinervis Btinby. Cordaianthus ovattis Lx.

Netiropteris vermictilaris Lx. Cordaicarpon cincttim Lx.

Neuropteris ovata Hoffm. Rhabdocarpos mamillattis Lx. 

Netiropteris hastata D. W.

"It is hoped that all the Kansas material, together with more extensive data, may be treated 

in full, with the object of attaining more exact results, in the comprehensive report now in 

preparation by the State university survey at the hands of Mr. Sellards.
WHITE.] FOSSIL PLANTS. Ill

From the composition of this flora, the lowest yet at hand from 

Kansas, it appears that the horizon of the Lansing plants falls within 

the Allegheny formation of the Appalachian basin, of which the 

greater number of the fern species are more or less distinctly characteristic. So far as the vertical range of the plants has yet been 

ascertained in other basins, it would appear that the presence of 

Eremopteris solida, Pseudopecopteris squamosa, Pecopteris squamosa, 

Cattipteridium Sullivantii, Neuropteris vermicular is, N. carceraria, 

Plinthiotheca angularis, and the variety of SpJienopJiyllum emarginatum would indicate a close relationship with the Cherokee flora of 

Henry County, Mo., the Mazon. Creek stage of the Illinois Coal Measures, the Cannelton stage of the Pennsylvania bituminous coal fields, 

or coals C and D of the northern anthracite region. The occurrence 

of Pseudopecopteris Pluckenetii, common at Cannelton, the large 

pinuled Pecopteris, Neuropteris Clarksoni, and Linopteris oUiqua 

argue against a lower stage than the Kittanning group in the Allegheny formation, while the presence of Eremopteris solida, Pseudopecopteris squamosa, Pecopteris squamosa, Neuropteris vermicularis, 

and the small-leafed Splienopliyllum point less strongly to a date not 

later than, and probably a little earlier than the Freeport group. 

There can be little doubt that the Lansing coal was deposited within 

Allegheny time, its horizon falling probably in or near the Kittauning 

group.

A more extended search at additional localities would no doubt 

show a very intimate relation between the flora in hand and that of 

the Cherokee of Missouri, the loAver portion of which furnished the 

greater, part of the material described in the flora of the Lower Coal 

Measures of Missouri."

The Lansing horizon is certainly not lower than and probably not 

so IOAV as the "lower coal-bearing division"'' of the Arkansas Coal 

Measures, though unfortunately the fossil plants in the Arkansas and 

Indian Territory coal fields have not yet been collected sufficiently to 

make correlations with a high degree of assurance possible. The flora 

seems to correspond to that of the Middle Coal Measures of Great 

Britain, and to the uppermost portion of the latter or to the transition series above the Westphalian of the continent of Europe.

"Moii. U. S. Geol. Survey, Vol. XXXVII, 1899. To the species enumerated in this work are to 

be added the following from Coon Creek, Owen's and Pitcher's mines in the vicinity of Clinton, 

Henry County, recently coniirmiiicatecl by Dr. J. H. Britts: Rosellinites Seyschlayii Pot., Mnriopteris muricata (Schloth.) Zeill., Sphenopteris DiibuiKSoni'n Brongn.?, Desmopteris elonyalu, 

(Presl) Stur, Neuropteris vermicnlaris Lx., N. ovata Hoffm., N. capitata, Lx., and N. Dvsorii. Lx.

The gemis Desmopteris, here first reported from this continent, is represented in the Lacoo 

collection, U. S. National Museum, by several specimens from the Coal Measures of the Appalachian region.

&Tho flora of this division corresponds somewhat closely to that of the roof of the Grady 

(Hartshorne) coal, described from the McAlester-Lehigh coal field. Nineteenth Ann. Kept. U. S. 

Geol. Survey, Pt. Ill, p. 457.
'112 UPPER CARBONIFEROUS OF KANSAS. [BULL. 211.

ERIE (BETHANY FALLS) FLORA AT KANSAS CITY.

Neuropteris Lindahli D. W. Cardiocarpon Brainier! Fairch. & D. W« 

Neuropteris liastata D. W. Trigonocarpum Adamsii Lx.?

The material from this important stage is too meager to form a basis 

for a satisfactory comparison. The matrix, a buff-colored, thinbedded calcareous shale, is well filled with plant remains, and the 

locality and horizon, which are somewhat critical from the correlative 

standpoint, deserves a thorough paleobotanical exploration.

CHANUTE (THAYER) FLORA AT THAYER.

PseiidopecopterisPhickenetii(Schloth.) Neuropteris ovata Hoffin.

Lx. Neuropteris plicata Stemb.

Mariopteriscordato-ovata (Weiss)D.W. Neuropteris Scheuchzeri Hoffru.

Sphenopteris pinnatifida (Lx.) D. W. Annularia stellata (Schlotli.) Wood.

Aloiopteris Winslovii D. W. Sphenophyllum oblongifoliuin (G-erm.)

Alethopteris cf. virginiana F. & I. C. W. Ung.

Alethopteris Grandini (Brongn.) Goepp. Knorria compacta Lx.

Odontopteris osmtmdsefoimis(Schloth.) Sigillaria camptotiBnia Wood.

Zeill. . Sigillaria rectostriata Lx. 

Odontopteris Reichiana Gtitb.

The small amount of collecting, from a single locality only, here 

represented is not sufficient for. more than a mere indication as to the 

probable stage of the plants. The Chanute flora does not, however, 

seem to be of an earlier date than the Freeport, the uppermost division 

of the Allegheny formation; for while it retains several species, such 

as Pseudopecopteris Pluclcenetii, Sphenopteris pinnatifida, Aloiopteris 

Winslovii, a small form of Neuropteris plicata and Sigillaria camptotcenia, 'which are more common in the Allegheny, it is characterized 

by the introduction of a number of later types. Such are Mariopteris 

cordato-ovata, Aletliopteris cf. virginiana, A. Grandini, Odontopteris osmundceformis, 0. Reicliiana, and Sphenophyllum oblongifolium, 

all of Which are more or less distinctly indicative of a higher level. 

1 have, therefore, little hesitation in concluding that the plant horizon 

of the Chanute shales may be somewhat younger than the Allegheny. 

How much younger it may be it is impossible to conclude from the 

intrinsic evidence of the plants, especially since we have no complete 

standard paleobotanical sections in this country for comparison; but 

from the apparent age of the Le Roy shales, Avhich, according to Mr. 

Adams's general section, are about 250 feet above the Chanute, it seems 

not improbable that the Chanute may lie somewhere within the interval represented by the Conemaugh formation of the Allegheny region, 

and possibly in the lower portion of that formation. Its stage should 

be above the Hartshorne sandstone, and the McAlester coal in Indian 

Territory, and it is probably higher than the entire group of the 

McAlester shales. As compared with the Old World series, the horizon of the Chauute is probably in the Upper Coal Measures of Great
AVH1TE.] FOSSIL PLANTS. 113

Britain, and in the lower portion of the Saarbriickian (Stephanian) of 

continental Europe.

The material from Thayer is notable for the absence of Pecopteris, 

a genus of good time markers which should be found in the muchneeded collections from this important horizon.

LE ROY (LAWRENCE) FLORA/*

Pseudopecopteris Pluckenetii (Schloth.)

Lx.

Mariopteris cordato-o vata (Weiss)D.W. 

Sphenopteris pimiatiMa (Lx.) D. W. 

Oligocarpia Gutbieri Goepp. 

Oligocarpia n. sp. Sell. 

Aloiopteris Winslovii D. W. 

Pecopteris cf. Integra (Anclrii) Zeill. 

Pecopteris arborescens (Scliloth.)

Brongn.

Pecopteris cf. hemiteliodies Brongn. 

Pecopteris Candolliana Brongn. 

Pecopteris cf. polyniorplia Brongn. 

Alethopteris Grandini (Brongn) Goepp. 

Odontopteris ? sp. 

Neuropteris Desorii Lx. ? 

Neuropteris ovata Holfm. 

Neur.opteris hastata D. W. 

Neuropteris Scheuchzeri Hoffni. 

Neuropteris Rogers! Lx. 

Aphlebia filiformis (Gntb.) D. W. 

Aphlebia acurninata Lx. 

Calamites ramosus Artis. 

Calamites Suckowii Brongn. 

Calamites Cistii Brongn. 

Calamites cannseformis Schloth. 

Calainodendron cruciatnni (Sterb.) 

Zeill.

Aster ophyllites eqitisetiforniis

(Scliloth.) Brongn. 

Annularia stellata (Schloth.) Wood. 

Annularia sphenophylloides (Zenk.)

Gutb. var. intermedia Lx. 

Brnckmanuia tuberculata Sternb. 

Sphenophyllum oblongifolium (Germ.)

Ung. 

Sphenophyllum verticillatuni (Schloth.)

Zeill. ' ' Bothrodendron ? n. sp. 

Sigillafia camptotsenia Wood. 

Sigillaria Brardii Brongn. var. coriacea

D. W.

Sigillaria suspecta D. W. 

Sigillaria Laurenciana Lx. 

Sigillariostrobus quadrangularis (Lx.)

D. W. ?

Sigillariostrobus clavatus (Lx.) D. W. 

Doleropteris pennsylvanica (Dn.) D. W. 

Cordaites conimunis Lx. 

Rhabdocarpos coronatus Lx. 

Rhabdocarpos sulcatus (Presl) Kidst. 

Rhabdocarpos multistriatus (Presl) Lx. 

Trigonocarpitm Starkianum Lx.

As will be seen by reference to the foregoing list, nearly one-half of 

the species collected from the Le Roy flora belong to the filices. The 

Lepidophytes appear to be represented only by the Sigularice, though 

it is not improbable that Lepidodendron may be found at some localities. Of the species reported Splienopteris pinnatifida, Aloiopteris 

Winslovii, the fern doubtfully referred to Neuropteris Desorii, N. 

Roger si, Sigillaria camptotcenia, Sigillariostrobus quadrangularis (?), 

and Rhabdocarpos multistriatus are, in general, more at home, so far as 

my observations as to the distribution of the species have extended, in 

the Allegheny series of the eastern basins. The Sigillaria and Aloiopteris and Neuropteris species just cited are, however, the only ones 

that are generally considered as to any considerable degree characteristic of the Allegheny, though I have not elsewhere seen a narrow

oThe localities in' the Le Boy are: Lawrence, Blue Mounds, Twin Mounds, Ottawa, and Garnett. Most of the species are from Lawrence.

Bull. 211 03 8
114 UPPER CAKBONIFEBOUS -OF KANSAS. [BUM, 211.

pinnuled Neuropteris Sclieuclizeri at so high a level as to be found in 

association with the later forms in the Le Roy flora. Such later Le 

Roy forms are Mariopteris cordato-ovata, Pecopteris cf. integral, P. 

arborescens, P. cf. liemitelioides, P. Candolliana, P. cf. polymorplia, 

Aleihopteris Grandini, Annularia splienopliylloides var. intermedia, 

Splienopliyllum oblongifolium, S. verticillatum and Trigonocarpum 

Starldamim. The presence of typical form s of Pecopteris arbor escens, 

P. liemitelioides, Aletliopteris Grandini, Splienopliyllum oUtongifolium 

and S. verticillatum is strongly indicative of a post-Allegheny age for 

the flora. On the other hand the plants are clearly older than the 

Dtinkard formation.

For want of a slratigraphic study of the plants of the higher Coal 

Measures of the interior basins, or of the Conemaugh and Monougahela formations in the Appalachian trough, but little knowledge of 

the distinctive paleobotanical features of these formations "is available. Without such information, which should essentially constitute 

a paleobotanical section for comparison, it is impossible to arrive with 

definiteness at any conclusion regarding the age of a flora coming 

from these parts of our Coal Measures except it be very large or 

marked by special types. As yet but a small amount of material has 

been collected or studied from the roof of the Pittsburg coal, which 

forms the bottom bed of the Monongahela formation. "From such 

material as I have examined from this horizon I am disposed to regard 

its stage as more strongly marked by the large Pecopterids, including 

Callipteridioid forms, by the broad Alethopterids and the dilated 

Neuropterids. The presence of Aletliopteris Grandini, Annularia 

splienopliylloides var. intermedia, and more particularly the Splienopliyllum oblongifolium, which is very closely related to S. filiculme, 

seems to point toward a level possibly as high as the Pittsburg coal in 

the Monongahela formation. But the presence of the forms, which,

so far as known, appear to indicate a lower stage, makes it seem 

improbable that the Lawrence plants are of quite so late a date as the 

Monongahela formation of the Appalachian trough. Subsequent collecting, either in Kansas or from the Conemaugh and Monongahela 

formations in the Appalachian trough, ma}^ seriously modify this 

tentative conclusion. The flora of the Le Roy indicates a date within 

the Stephanian (Saarbriickian) of the European Carboniferous.

SEVEKY FLORA AT OSAGE AND SCRANTON.

Caulerpites n. sp. Lx. Cordaites squammiferus Lx. 

Odontopteris osmundteformis (Schloth.) Carliocarpon kansasiense Lx.

Zeill. Cardiocarpon ellipticum (Sternb.) Lx.

Neuropteris ovata Hoffm. Rhadbocarpos amygdalseformis G-oepp.

Neuropteris Scheuchzeri Hoffm. & Berg.

Lesleya microphylla Lx. Trigonocarpum Starkianum Lx.

Calamites ramosus Artis. Trigonocarpum kansaseanuin Lx.

Sigillaria Brardii Brongn. . Carpolithes granularis Sternb.
WHITE.] FOSSIL PLANTS. 115

The flora as yet made known from, the Severy shales appears to 

have included but four ferns, one of which is of doubtful validity, 

besides not being known definitely elsewhere. No Annularian or 

Sphenophyllean remains are rep.orted, while three of the. gymnosperms, 

described in Lesquereux's unpublished manuscript, have no recorded 

distribution. Odontopteris osmundcvformis is not 'known in the Dunkard formation," wliile the phase of Neuropteris Scheuchzeri, and 

possibly of N. ovata also, is less advanced than is characteristic of the 

Dunkard even at its lowest stratum, the roof of the Waynesbnrg 

coal, whose flora has been very thoroughly studied by Professors 

Fontaine and I. 0. White. The evidence, therefore, though very 

scanty, leans slightly toward a stage not higher than the Monongahela 

formation. The material in hand contains no distinctly Permian 

species, though no doubt further collections will reveal, species that 

range upward into the Permian. The flora is included in the Stephanian period of the Old World classification.

ELMDALE FLORA AT ONAGA.

Pecopteris Newberriana F. & I. C. W. Neuropteris auriculata Brongn.?

Pecdpteris henritelioides Brongn. Neuropteris Scheuchzeri Hoffin.

Pecopteris oreopteridia (Schlotli.) Datibreeia sp.

Brongn.? ' Asteropliyllitesef[uisetiformis(Scliloth.)

Pecopteris cf. polymorpha Brongn. Brongn.

Odontopteris Brardii Brongn. Annularia stellata (Schlotli.) Wood.

Odontopteris Moorii (Lx.) D. W. Radicites capillaceus (L. & H.) Pot. 

Neuropteris plicata Sternb.

The thirteen species from. Onaga communicated by Mr. Crevecoeur 

are, as compared with the floras of Lansing and Thayer, obviously of 

much later age. No species in any way characteristic of the Lower 

Coal Measures or the Allegheny formation remains. On the other 

hand, the ferns, either as individual species or as phases of species 

having wide range, are clearly indicative of a stage at least very high 

in the Upper Carboniferous (Pennsylvania!!). Nearly all the species 

have been reported from either the Permian of Europe or the Dunkard formation of the United States, though, with the possible exception of Pecopteris Newberriana, none are distinctly characteristic of 

the Permian. Most of the forms present occur in the Dunkard formation, whose flora was fully treated by Professors Fontaine and I. C. 

White. & Yet the small flora from Onaga contains none of the special 

types or characteristic Permian forms which are present in the Dunkard, and on account of which the greater part of the Dunkard is 

regarded as Permian.

It would seem, however, that the Onaga flora should be of later date 

than the Pittsburg coal, since the facies presented by several of the 

species has not yet been seen at so low an horizon. Thus the very

"Next above the Monougahela formation in the Appalachian trough, 

bSecond Geol. Surv. Pennsylvania, Rept. PP, Harrisburg, 1880.
116 UPPER CARBONIFEROUS OF KANSAS. [BULL.211.

large size of the form referred to Pecopteris liemitelioides ; the form 

referred tentatively to P. polymorplia, but which seems hardly to 

differ unless in size from the Dnnkard Ccdlipteridium grandifolium; 

the form identified by Lesquereux from the Dunkard as N&wopteris 

plicata; a the dilated heteromorphous N. Sclieuclizerij and perhaps 

the type here doubtfully listed as N. auriculata, all seem to indicate a stage as high as the roof of the Pittsburg coal, while some of 

these peculiar phases are present above and are not yet known below 

the Waynesburg coal, i. e., in the Dunkard. Pecopteris N&wberriana, which is possibly characteristic of the Dunkard, appears hardly 

distinguishable from the small phase of P. fo&minceformis, figured by 

Zeiller,* from the Permo-Carboniferous of France. The normal form 

of the latter species is reported from the roof of the Pittsburg coal in 

the Appalachian trough. It is probable that the apparent absence of 

many of the Dunkard forms in the lower beds is due entirely to the 

lack of study of the plants in the strata between the roof of the Pittsburg coal, which forms the base of the Monongahela formation, and 

the Waynesburg coal, the top bed of that formation. The absence of 

lepidophytes from the material in hand constitutes negative, and, 

under the circumstances, scarcely important proof, since their failure 

to be present may be due to chance in preservation or collection.

The evidence presented by this small Onaga flora may, therefore, be 

construed, so far as it represents the plants of its horizon, as indicating a stage probably within the Monongahela formation of the 

Appalachian region, or possibly as high as the lowest part of the Dunkard formation, although, with the exception of Pecopteris Neivberriana, the collection in hand does not contain any species characteristic of the Permian of the Old World, and does not signify a 

Permian age for the Onaga (Elmclale) beds.

MARION? (WELLINGTON IN PART?) FLORA OF DICKINSON COUNTY.

Sphenopteris sp. Sell. Glenopteris simplex Sell.

Pecopteris sp. Sell. Glenopteris lineata Sell.

Callipteris conferta Sternb. Glenopteris Sterling! Sell.

Callipteris conferta var. obliqtia Glenopteris ? lobata Sell.

(Goepp.) Weiss. Odontopteris sp. Sell.

Callipteris conferta var. lanceolata Neuropteris sp. Sell.

Weiss. Tseniopteris coriacea Goepp.

Callipteris conferta var. vulgaris Weiss. Tseniopteris coriacea var. lineata Sell.

Callipteris n. sp. Tseniopteris Newberriana F. & I. C. W.

Glenopteris splendens Sell. Sphenophylluni sp. Sell.

The above list includes only the material published or communicated to the National Museum by Mr. E. II. Sellards, by whom the 

collection of the State University survey is being elaborated. The

"Probably specifically different from the older form, which seems to agree with Sternberg's 

species and which was placed under the same name by Lesquereiix. 

b Fl. foss. bassin houill. et perm, de Brive, 1892, PL IV, fig. 5, 6.
wirrna.] FOSSIL PLANTS. 117

specimens are described by him as coming either from the topmost 

beds of the Marion formation or possibly from the base of the Wellington formation, next above the Marion. The flora is regarded by 

Mr. Sellards a as of Lower Permian age. I have not had an opportunity to examine the remaining material, at the State University, but 

if the composition of the entire flora proves to be of so young a character as the material described or placed in my hands by Mr. Sellards, 

his conclusion that the beds are of so late date as the Lower Permian 

will appear to be fully justified. I am not informed whether any of 

the gymnospermic species so important in, and so typically characteristic of, the Permian of Europe or Prince Edward Island are present 

in Kansas. However, such pteridophytic material as has come to me 

for examination is more nearly typical and characteristic of the Permian than any flora that I have yet seen from another formation in 

the United States.

If the plants preliminarily listed above are representative of the 

plant life of the Upper Marion or the Wellington formation, the flora 

of these beds is probably of a date fully as late as the earlier of the 

floras generally referred to the Permian in western Europe. In any 

event a flora containing these species can hardly be older than the 

topmost Carboniferous, or transitional from the Upper Carboniferous 

to the Permian.

"Trims. Runs. Acad. Sci., Vol. XVII, lt*>0 (HX.11), p. 208.

INDEX.

Page. 

Abileno conglomerate, useof name....... CO

Adams, George I., area mapped by ...... 15

maps by............................. 23,28,02

work done by.......................... 20

Admire shales, described ................. 53

Ages of beds from which plants were collected ............................ 110-117

Agriculture, Kansas State board of, geologic maps from reports of ....... 20

Alethopterissp., note on.................. 93

Grandini (Brongn.) Goepp., notes on. 93,

112,114 

virginianaF.&I.C.W., notes on.... 93,112

Aloiopteris Winslovii D. W., notes on .... 90,

112,113 

Altamoiit limestone, useof name ........ 32,83

Amboccelia planiconvexa, range of....... 75

Americus limestone, described........... 53-54

plant fossils from...................... 98

Androstachys cebennensis Grand 'Eury,

comparison with .................. 107

Annularia sphenophylloides (Zenk.)

Gutb., note on.....'__.__.__._.__.._ 1.02

sphenophylloides intermedia Lx.,

notes on.......................... 102,114

stellata (Schlo*th.) Wood, note on .... 102

Aphlebia acuminata, note 011............. 100

fllif orniis (Gutb.), note on............ 100

Asterophyllites sp., note on............... 102

equisetiforuiis (Schloth.) Broiign.,

note on......---...---....-......... 102

Athyris subtilita, range of................ 75

Bakowellia, occurrence of................ 76

Bandera shales, described ................ 32

Barclay limestone, described............. 51

reconnaissance of ..................... 16

Bennett, John, work done by....... 14,1C,20,41

Bethany Falls limestone, iise of name ... 35 

Bothrodeudron n. sp., note on......... 104

niinutifoliuui, comparison wi th ...... 10C

Bruckinannia tuberculata Sterub., note

on.................................. 103

Beede, J. W., work done by ........ 14,10,26,27

. Burlingame, coal mined at................ 49

Burlinganie shales, described ............ 51

Burliugame limestone, use of name...... 51

Burlington limestone, use of name.... 40,42,44

Calamites canntef orrnis Schloth., note on. 102 

Cistii Brongn., note on...i............ 102'

rarnosus Artis., note on......._..._.:. 101

Suckowii Brongn., note on......-..:... 101

Page. 

Calaniodendrou cruciatuni (Sternb.)

Zeill., note on...................... 102

Calaniostachys brovifolia Lx., note on... 103 

Calhoun shales, described ................ 48

Callipteridium grandifolium F. & I. C. W.,

notes on.................. J........ 94,1.10

inembranaceum Lx., note on......... 90

pteridium (Schloth.) Zeill., synonymy 93 

Sullivantii (Lx.) Weiss, notes on.... 94,111

Callipteris n. sp., note on .......:......... 94

conferta Sternb., note 011............. 94

conferta obliqua (Goepp.) Weiss,

note on............................. 94

conferta vulgaris Weiss, note on..... 94

Carbondale, coal miued at................ 49

CardiocarpouBraiineriFairch.andD.W.,

note on........*............-........ 1.03

Cuyahogoo D. W., note on............. 109

ellipticum (Sternb.) Lx., notes on.. 108,110 

kansasiense Lx.1 n. sp. MSS., note

on.................................. 103

Carlyle limestone, use of name........... 40-42

Carpolithes grauularis Sternb., note on . 110 

Caulerpites n. sp., note on -.............'.- 88

Cavaniol group, application of name..... 23

Cave Spring sandstones, use of name .... 47

Chanute shales, ago of ................._. 112

described ............................... 38-39

plant fossils from ..................... 80,

87.89,90,93,95,97,98,102-100,1.12 

Chase formation, plant fossils from...... 87

use of name...--.......------.......... 50-59

Chautauqua sandstone, use of name...... 44

Cherokee shales, age of ----------------- 110-111

described .............................. 27-29

plant fossils from......... 80-103,105,108-111

Cherry vale shales, described ............. 37

Chonetes, range of several species........ 75

Cleiothyris orbicularis, rangoof.......... 70

Coal beds, Bandera shales................. 33

Burlingame shales..................... 51

Chanute shales....... _ -..._..-...... 33

Cherokee shales ....................... 28-29

Dudley shales.......................... 35

Fort Scott ..^....I..... .-.. ... 28-29

Indian Territory _"..... 1 ------------ G1-C3

Le Roy shales.......Li.rl............... 44

Severy shales ............................ 49

Weir-Pi ttsburg....:..'......... ...... 28-29

Coal Measures, Lower, Middle, and Upper, use of terms discussed........ 07-69

119
120 INDEX.

Page.

Coal Measures, Middle, of Great Britain, 

relation to Kansas Carboniferous............................... 111-113

Collinsville, Ind. T., coal mines at........ 63

Columbus sandstone, use ofname........ 28

Columnar section.......................... 65

Cordaianthus ovatus Lx., note on _...._._ 108

Cordaicarpon cmctum Lx., note on ...... 108

Cordaites communis Lx., note on......... 108

illinoisensis Dn., note on.............. 108

squammiferus Lx. n. sp. MSS., note 

'on.................................. 108

Cotton wood Falls limestone, use of name. 55 

Cottonwood formation,useof name...... 55

Cotton wood limestone, described ........ 55

Cottonwood shales, use of name .......... 55,56

Cycadofllices, relation of Doleropteris to. 108 

Dadoxylon Pr osseri Penh., note 011....... 108

Daubreeia sp., note on .................... 100

Dawson,Ind.T.,coal mined at............ 62,63

Derbya, range of several species ......... 75

Deer Creek limestone, described ......... 47-48

possible equivalent in Indian Territory............ .................... 64

Dennis limestone, described _............. 36

plant fossils from ..................... 87

Des Moinian shales, plant f ossi Is from.... 86

Desmopteris, occurrence in America.. Ill, note 

Divisions of Carboniferous rocks in Kansas.:....................- -- .. 67-72

Dolerophyllocarpum Dn., synonym ...... 107

Dolerophyllum, grouped by Saporta

among Progymnosperms..-..-... 108

pennsylvanicum Dn., synonym....... 107

Doleropteris pennsylvanica Dn. sp., note

on.................................. 107

Doyle shales,described ................... 59

Drake,N.P.,map by ...................... 22

work done by.............-.....--...-- 16

Drum limestone, described............... 37-38

in Indian Territory, described........ 03-64

reconnaissance of ..........._ ._---- 15

Drybone limestone, use of name.......... 54

Dudley shales, described.................. 34-35

Dunlap system, use of name____._. . 54

Earlton limestone, described............. 39

Elgin sandstone, application of name .... 45

Elk Palls limestone, use of name ...... 46-48, (54

reconnaissance of......--. ........... 16

Elmdale formation, age of..._........ 115,116

described .............'................. 54

plant fossils from...................... 87.

91-93,95,97-100,102,104,115,116 

Emporialimestone, described ._.._.-..... 52 .

Enteletes, range of........................ 75

Eremopteris solida, notes on ............ 88,111

Erie limestone, plant fossils from ........ 86,

96,97,109,112

use of name........................... 35

Eskridge shales, described................ 55

Eureka limestone, use of name........... 51

Excipulites Callipteridis, note on......... 88

Faunas, paucity of, in Kansas shale beds. i'S 

Pilicites fceminseformis Schlotheiin, synonym............ ..._............. 92

Florence flint, described.................. 58

Page. 

Florence fiint and limestone, Prosser's

use~~of name._..-.--'-.-_..___-_-._._ 58 

Fort Biley limestone, application of

name-...-.....--...... ........ '. 24

described _ _...._.._.. .... ._. 58

Fort Riley Military Reservation, Hay's

description of geology of, cited... 25 

Fort Scott cement rock, use of name.....' 29,30

Fort Scott coal, use of name.............. 28

Fort Scott limestone, application of

name............ ............ 24,27,29

described _-...__..__ ...... ....... 29-31

in Indian Territory ... ... ........ 28,61

reconnaissance of........----....-..... 15

Fort Scott marble, application of name.. 24 

Fossils, invertebrate, list of, by formations ............................... 77-82

faunal, extent of existing collections. 74 

faiinal, paucity of, in Kansas shale

beds.................... ........ 73

plant, collections available............ 86

plant, list of species .................. 88-110

tables of, value discussed . ____.. 73

vertebrate, Permian, relation to Kansassection......................... 72

Fusulina, range of ...................... 75

Galesburg shales,described............... 36

Garnett limestone, use of name. ___.___ 40-44 

Garrison formation, described.__..... _ 56

Geological survey of Kansas, work done

under .............................. 18,213

Glenopteris lineata Sellards, note on ..... 94

lobata Sellards.note on ....._. _. 95

simplex Sellards, note on ..-- _..__. 94 

splendens Sellards,note on ........... 94

Sterling! Sellards, note on ............. 95

Gould,C. N..work done by................ 26

Hall, John G., work done by ......-.--.... 26

Hartford limestone,described............ 48-49

possible equivalent in Indian Territory................................ 64

Hawn, Maj. F., work done by ............ ]8

Ha worth, Erasmus, grouping of Carboniferous rocks by.........-..---. 67-68

. maps by- - ..... - ...._ 21,2<I,2'G

work done by. ...... ._..... 22,24-27

Hay, Robert,map by...................... 20

works on geology of Kansas .......... 24,25

Hayden, F. V., maps by................... 18,19

work done by.......................... .17-19

Hertha limestone, described.............. 35

as lower limit of Upper Coal Measures .......................--------- 07

Howard limestone, described-............ 50

Independence limestone, use of name.... 37

Indian Territory, Cherokee shales, continuation..... .................... 28,61

coal beds of ............................ 29

differences between rocks of Kansas

and.... ............-......-..-... 71

geologic maps relating to........ .... 23,62

northern, formations in, described... 61-65 

reconnaissances in.................. 15-16,22

Invertebrates, list of, by formations..... 77-82

lola limestone, described ................. 40

Kanwaka shales, described............... 45
INDEX. 121

Pago. 

Kedzie, William, map by ................. 19

Kirk, M.E., work done by................ 24,26

Knerr, E. B., work done by............... 26

Knor ria compacta Lx., note on...... 1.... 104

Labette shales, described................. 81

Lacoe, E. D., fossils collected by ......... 86,87

Lane shales, described.................... 40-4.1.

Laneville shales, use of name............. 31

Lansing horizon, age of................... Ill

Lansing, penitentiary shaft, list of Cherokee flora at.........!............. 110

Lawrence shales, age of ................ 113,114

plant fossils from................. 80-109,1.13

use of name.----.......-..............- 43,44

.Leavemvorth, coal mined at.............. 29

Lecomptoii limestone, described ......... 40

possible equivalent in Indian Territory .............I..-------------.-. C4

Lecompton shales, use of name........... 45

Lepidocystisangularis Lx., synonym.... 101

quadrangularis Lx., comparison with 108 

Lepidostrobns ctiltriformis Lx., no to on. 105 

Le Roy shales, age of.................... 11.3,114

described.............................. 43

plant fossils from ................ 8(1-109,113

Lescuropteris Moorii, synonym .......... 95

Lesleya microphylla Lx., synonym...... 98,100

Lesquereux, Leo, work of ................ 86,87

Limestone, general dip of................. 15

outcrop of, maps showing ...... 24,26,28,62

quarries, Cot ton wood lim estone...... 55

Florence flint...................... 58

Oologah limestone in Indian Territory .._........__._...._____. _ 62

Parsons limestone................. 33

Wref or d limestone................. 57

Linopteris obliqua (Bunby.) Pot., notes

on................................ 100,111

Lycopodites Lacoei Lx., comparison with. 106 

Mapping, method employed .... . ......... 15

Maps....................................... 18-23

Marion concretionary limestone, use of

name...-.....-----------.--..-.-... 59,60

Marion flint, use of name ................. 59,60

Marion formation, age of................. 117

animal remains, paucity of........... 73,75

described .............................. 60

plant fossils from...................... 87,

88, !K), 93-95,99,100,104,116

Mariopteris cordato-ovata, notes on. 89,112,114 

muricata(Schloth.) Zeill., occurrence

of...........---.....---.......-- Ill, note

occidentalis D. W., comparison with. 89 

muricata, note on ..................... 89

Matfield shales, described................. 57-58

Monongahela formation, relation to Kansas Carboniferous............... 114>116

Mound Valley shales, iise of name........ 36

Mudge, B. F., map by..................... 20

Myalina snbquadrnta, range of........... 76

Neosho formation, use of name .......... 56

Neuropteris, relation to Doleropteris.... 108

sp., notes on............................ 98,99

angustifolia Brongn., synonym ...... 98

auriculata Brongn., notes on __-..-._ 98,116 

capitata Lx., occurrence of ...... Ill,note.

Page., 

Neuropteris, carceraria n. sp. description

of .............................. 99

occurrence of.-----...--.-.-.-----. Ill

Clarksoni Lx., notes on .............. 98,111

Desorii Lx., notes on................. 96,113

hastata n. sp., description of.......... 97

hirsvita Lx., note on................... 98

Lindahli n. sp., description of........ 96

Loschii Brongn., synonym............ 97

ovata Hoffm., notes on ........... 97, 111, 115

plicata Sternb., notes on......... 97,112,116

rarinervis Bunby, note on ............ 96

Rogers! Lx. (nonKiniball),noteson. 99,1.13 

Scheuchzeri Hoffm., notes on 98,100,114-116 

vermicular is Lx., notes on........... 96,111

Neva limestone, described................ 54

Nomenclature, rules of ................... 17

Odontopteris sp., notes on ................ 95,96

Brardii (Brongn.) Sternb., note on... 95 

monstruosa Lx., synonym............ 99

Moorii (Lx.), D. W., note on.......... 95

osmundoeforinis (Schloth.) Zeill.,

notes on...._._____....___:____ 95,112,115

papilionacea n. sp., description of.... 95

ReichianaGutb., notes on............ 95,112

Oklahoma, limestone at Pawnee....... 64-65,74

Permian vertebrate remains in ...... 72

Oligocarpia n. sp.,.note on................ 90

Gutbieri Goepp., note on.............. 90

Olpe shales, described-.................... 52

Onaga, Elmdale flora at................. .115,116

Oologah limestone, in Indian Territory,

described.......................... 62

use of name............................. 33

Oread limestone, described............... 44-45

Osage City limestone, use of name....... 50

Osage City shales, use of name ........... 49

Osage, coal mined at...................... 49

Severy flora at ...................... 114,1.15

Osage shales, plant fossils from .......... 87

use of name............................ 51

Oswego limestone, use of name........ 27,29,30

Ottawa limestone, use of name........... 41.

Palmacites verticillatus Schlotheim, comparison with. -.-.-................. 104

Parsons formation, use of name.......... 62

Parsons limestone, described............. 33-34

Pawhuska limestone, geological position. 22 

in Indian Territory, described........ 64

Pawnee limestone, application of name.. 24 

described.............................. 32

Pawnee, Okla., limestone at........... 64-65,74

Pecopteris sp., note on.................... 93

arborescens (Schloth.) Brongn., note

on............__......._..._...... 91.

occurrence of...................... 114

arguta Sternberg, note on............ 92

aspidioides Brongn., note on.......... . 91

Candolliana Brongn., note on......... 92

occurrence of....................... .114

Clintoni Lx., note on.................: 90

elegans Goeppert, synonym........... 92

erosa Gxitb., note on................... 90

fceminfeforinis (Schloth.) Sterzel,

notes on........................... 91,116

hemitelioidesBrongn., notes on. 91,92,114,116
122 INDEX.

Page. 

J>ecopteris integra (Andril) Zeill., notes

on.........'........................ 90,114

Newberriana F. and I. G. W., notes

on.........J....................... 91,116

oreopteridia (Schloth.) Brongu.,note

on .-...-_..__-_-_-__...._.__:........ 92

polymorpha Brongn., notes on .. 93,114,116 

pteroides Brongn., note on............ 93

Sillimahni Brongn., comparison with 89 

squaruosaLx., notes on .............. 92,111

Thayer material, absent from........ 113

unita Goepp.,noteon.................. 91

vestita Lx., note on ................... 92

villosa Brongn., notes on............. 92,100

Permian, lower boundary of, determination of ....._.,.................. 69,71-72

plant fossils from.......I.............. 86-88

relation to Kansas Carboniferous .. 115-117 

vertebrates, relation to Kansas section ................................ 72

Piatt, W. H. H., work done by............ 24

Pityoxylon Chasense Penh., note on ..... 108

Plant fossils, collections available ....... ^ 86

list of species..-..-.------..------.... 88-110

Pleasanton, coal mined near.............. 33

Pleasaiiton shales, use of name........... 31-33

Pleurophorus, range of................... 76

Plinthiotheca Zeiller, comparison with._ 107 

angularis Lx. sp., description of------ 101

occurrence of...................... Ill

Poteau group, application of name----... 22

Prescott, coal mined near................. 31

Productus semireticulatus, range of..-.. 75 

Progymnosperms, types included in..... 108

Prosser, Charles S., work done by...-..-- 25,26 

grouping of Carboniferous rocks by.. 68-69 

Pseudonionotis, occurrence and range of. 76 

Pseudopecopteris cordato-ovata Weiss,

synonym--.--........--............ 89

muricata, basis of...................... 89

Pluckenetii (Schloth.), notes on.. 88,111,112 

squamosa, notes on................... 88,111

Raclicites capillaceus (L. & H.) Pot.,

note on..........................'... 104

Rhabdocarpos amygdalteformis Goepp.

and Berg., note on................. 109

Beinertianus Goepp. and Berg., note

on ........^......................... 109

coronatus Lx. u. sp. MSS., note on... 109 

Jacksonianus Lx., note on ............ 109

nianiillatusLx.,note on............... 109

multistriatus, occurrence of...---.... 113

. sulcatus (Presl) Kidst., note on....... 109

Ehacophyllum acuminatum n. sp. Lx.

MSS., synonym-.--....--.-.-...-.- 100

filifornie, synonym--.....--..--------- 100

Rhipidomella pecosi, range of............ 75

Rosellinites Beyschlagii Pot., occurrence

of..................---------.... Ill,note

Saarbruckian, relation to Kansas Carboniferous. .....-...-.-.i.-.-----.... 113-115

Sandstone, quarries of, in Bandera shales. 33 

Scranton, Severy flora at............... ll4,115

Section, columnar......................... 65

Sellards, E. H., work of..... 85-88,110,note, 116

Seminula, range of........................ 75,76

Page. 

Severy shales, age of...................... 115

. described ..........J................... 49-50

plant fossils from.--..-.........-.-.... 87,

88,97,98,100,101,105,108-110,114,115 

Shales, Kansas, scarcity of animal reinains in ........................... 73

Sigillaria Brardii Brongn., note on....... 105

Brardii coriacea n. var., note on...... 105

camptotaenia Wood, notes on... 105,112,113 

Laurenciana n. sp. Lx. MSS., note on. 106 

monostigraa Lx.,synonym............ 106

obliqua, comparison with.---.--...--. 105 

rectistriata n. sp. Lx. MSS., note on.. 106 

reticulata Lx., synonym .............. 105

suspecta u. sp., description of ...--.-. 106 

venulosa Brongn., synonym .......... 105

Sigillariostrobus clavatus Lx. sp., not

on.................................. 106

Lacoei, comparison with.............. 106

Laurencianus Lx., synonym.......... 106

quadrangxtlaris Lx. sp., notes on.... 106,113

Smith, A. J., work done by............ 16,27,53

Sphehophyllum sp., note on .............. 104

cuneifoliuin (Sternb.) Zeill.,D.White, . 

synonym........................... 103

ernarginatum Brongn., note on....... 103

emarginatum minor D. W., notes on. 103, 111 

oblongifolium (Germ.) Ung., notes

on...... _....._.__ _......... 103,112,114

Schlotheimii Brongn*, synonym --.... 104

verticillatuni (Schloth.) Zeill., note

on ................................ 104,114

Sphenopteris sp., note on................. 90

denticulata Brongn., note on ......... 89

Dubuissonis Brongn., occurrence 

of................................ Ill,note

integra Andrti, note on ................ 90

neuropteroides Boxilay, comparison

with................................. 88

pinnatiflda, notes on ............. 89,112,113

solida, synonym....................... 88

tenella, synonym...................... 89

Spirif er cameratus, range of.............. 75

Spirif erina, range of...................... 75-70

Spiropterissp., note on ................... 100

Squainularia perplexa, range of.......... 75

Stanton limestone, application of name.. 24,

40-41 

described .............................. 41-43

reconnaissance of...................... 16

Stephanian, relation to Kansas Carboniferous .........-----.--.......... 113-115

Strongflint, iiseof name.................. 56

Strawn limestone, use of name........... 47

Swallow, G. C., grouping of Carboniferous rocks by....................... 67

work done by.......................... 23

Swallow limestone, use of name.......... 27,28

Tseniopteris coriacea Goepp., note on.... 100

coriacea linearis Sellards, note on.... 100

Newberriana F. & I. C. W., note on.. 100 

Tecnmseh shales, described .............. 47

Thayer, coal mined near....'.............. 38

Thayer shales, plant fossils from......... 86,

87,89,90,93,95,97,98,102-106,112 

use of name............................ 88
INDEX. 123

Page. 

Trigonocarpum. AdamsiiLx., note on.... 100

HildretiLx., note on.................. 110

kansaseauum Lx., note on............ 109

Starkiamun Lx., note on............ 109,1.14

Triple limestone, vise of name............ 35

Topeka limestone, use of name........... 48

University Geological Survey of Kansas,

work done under............ 15,22,24-27

University of Kansas, fossil-plant collection of.............................. ar),8(»

Vertebrates, Permian, relation to Kansas section......................... 72

Vilas shales, described.................... 39

Page. 

Wabaunsee formation, use of name...... 04,55

plant fossils from...................... 87

Wellington formation, age of............. 117

Wellington shales, described.............. (>0

apparent absence of animal remains .............................. 73

Westphalian, relation to Kansas Carboniferous _.......................... Ill

Williston, S.W., map by.................. 21

Wmfield formation, described ........... 59-CO

Wr ef or d limestone, described............ 56-57

use of name by Hayi.................. 24

Wyckoff limestone, use of name.......... 51

o

.PUBLICATIONS OF UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY.

[Bulletin No. 211.]

The serial publications of the United States Geological Survey consist of (1) Annual 

Reports, '(2) Monographs, (3) Professional Papers, (4) Bulletins, (5) Mineral Resources, (6) Water-Supply and Irrigation Papers, (7) Topographic Atlas of United 

' States folios and separate sheets thereof, (8) Geologic Atlas of United States 

folios thereof. The classes numbered 2, 7, and 8 are sold at cost of publication; the 

others are distributed free. A circular giving complete lists may be had on application.

The Bulletins, Professional Papers, and Water-Supply Papers treat of a variety of 

subjects, and the total, number issued is large. They have therefore been classified 

into the following series: A, Economic geology; B, Descriptive geology; C, Systematic geology and paleontology; D, Petrography and mineralogy; E, Chemistry-and 

physics; F, Geography; G, Miscellaneous; H, Forestry; I, Irrigation; J, Water storage; K, Pumping water; L, Quality of water; M, Methods of hydrographic investigations; N, Water power; 0, Underground waters; P, Hydrographic progress reports. 

This bulletin is the sixty-second in Series C, the complete list of which follows (all are 

bulletins thus far):

SERIES C, SYSTEMATIC GEOLOGY AND PALEONTOLOGY.

3. Fossil faunas of Upper Devonian, along the meridian 70° 30', from Tompkins County, New York,

to Bradford County, Pennsylvania, by H. S. Williams. 1884. 36 pp. 

 4. Mesozoic fossils, by C. A. White. 188-1. 36 pp., 9 pis.

'10. Cambrian faunas of North America. Preliminary studies, by C. D.Walcott. 1884. 74 pp., 10 pis. 

11. Quaternary and recent mollusca of the Great Basin, with descriptions of new forms, by R. .Ellsworth Call. Introduced by a sketch of the Quaternary lakes of the Great Basin, by G. K. Gilbert. 1884. C6pp.,(ipls., 

15. Mesozoic and Cenozoic paleontology of California, by C. A. White. 1885. 33 pp. 

1C. Higher Devonian faunas of Ontario County, New York, by J. M.Clarke. 1885. 86 pp., 3 pis.

18. Marine Eocene, fresh-water Miocene, and other fossil mollusca of western North America, by 

C. A. White. 1885. 20 pp., 3 pis.

19. Notes oil the stratigraphy of California, by G. F. Becker. 1885. 28 pp. (Exhausted.)

22. New Cretaceous fossils from California, by C. A. White. 1885. 25 pp., 5 pis.

24. List of marine mollusca, comprising the Quaternary fossils and Recent forms from American

localities between Cape Hattcras and Cape Roque, including the Bermudas, by \V. H. Dall.

1885. 33Gpp.

29. Fresh-water invertebrates of the North American Jurassic, by C. A. White. 41 pp., 4 pis.

30. Second contribution to the studies on the Cambrian faunas of North America, by C. D.Walcott. 

1880. 369 pp. ,33 pis.

31. Systematic review of our present knowledge of fossil insects, including myriapods and arachnids

by S. H. Scndder. 1880. 128 pp. 

34. Relation of the Lararnie molluscan fauna to that of the succeeding fresh-water Eocene and other

groups, by C. A. White. 1880. 54 pp., 5 pis.

37. Types of the Laramie flora, by L.'F. Ward. 1887. 354 pp., 57 pis. 

41. Fossil faunas of the Upper Devonian the Genesee section, New York, by H. S. Williams. 1887.

121 pp., 4 pis. 

43. Tertiary and Cretaceous, strata of the Tuscaloosa, Tornbigbee, and Alabama rivers, by E. A. Smith

and L. C. Johnson. 1887. 189 pp., 21 pis.

61. Invertebrate fossils from the Pacific coast, by C. A. White. 1889.- 102 pp., 14 pis. 

56. Fossil wood and lignite of the Potomac formation, by F. H. Knowlton. 1889. 72 pp., 7 pis. 

63. Bibliography of Paleozoic Crustacea from 1698 to 1889, including a list of North American species,

and a systematic arrangement of genera, by A. W. Arogdes. 1890. 177pp. ' 

69. Classed and annotated bibliography of fossil insects, by S. H. Scudder. 1890. 101 pp. 

71. Index to known fossil insects of the world, including myriapods and arachnids, by S. H. Scudder.

1891. 744 pp.

I
II ADVERTISEMENT.

77. The Texan Perm inn and its Mesozoic types of fossils, by C. A. White. 1891. 51 pp., 4 pis. 

'80. Correlation papers Devonian and Carboniferous, by H. S. Williams. 1891. 279 pp. 

.81. Correlation papers Cambrian, by 'C. D. Walcott. 1891. 447 pp., 3 pis. (Exhausted.)

82. Correlation papers Cretaceous, by C. A. White. 1891. 273 pp., 3 pis.

83. Correlation papers Eocene, by W. B. Clark. 1891. 173 pp., 2 pis.

84. Correlation papers Neocene, by W. H. Ball and G. D. Harris. 1892. 349 pp., 3 pis.

85. Correlation papers The Newark system, by I. C. Russell. 1892. 344 pp., 13 pis.

80. Correlation papers Archean and Algonkian, by C. R. Van Hise. 1892. 549 pp., 12 pis.

87. Synopsis of American fossil Brachiopoda, including bibliography and synonymy, by Charles 

Schuehert. 1897. 404 pp.

88. Cretaceous foraminifera of New Jersey, by R. M. Bagg, jr. 1898. 89 pp., 0 pis. 

93. Some insects of special interest from Florissant, Colo., and other points in the Tertiaries of Colorado and Utah, by S. H. Scudder. 1892. 35'pp., 3 pis.

97. Mesozoic Echinodermata of the United States, by W. B. Clark. 1893. 207 pp., 50 pis.

98. Flora of the outlying Carboniferous basins of southwestern Missouri, by David White. 1893. 

139 pp., 5 pis.

101. Insect fauna of the Rhode Island coal field, by S. H. Scndder. 1893. 27 pp., 2 pis.

102. Catalogue and bibliography of North American Mesozoic invertebrate, by C. B. Boyle.. 1893.

315 pp. 

.105. The Laramie and the overlying Livingston formation in Montana, by W. H. Weed, with report

on Flora,, by F. H. Knbwlton. 1893. 08 pp., 0 pis.

100. Colorado formation and its invertebrate fauna, by T. W. Stanton. 1893. 288 pp.,45 pis. 

110. Paleozoic section in the vicinity of Three Forks, Mont., by A. C. Peale. 1893. 50 pp., 0 pis.

120. Devonian system of eastern Pennsylvania and New York, by C. S. Prosser. 1895. 81 pp., 2 pis.

121. Bibliography of North American paleontology, by C. R. Keyes. 1894. 251 pp.

124. Revision of North American fossil cockroaches, by S. H. Scudder. 1895. 170 pp., 12 pis.

128. Bear River formation and its characteristic fauna, by C. A. White. 1895. 108 pp., 11 pis.

133. Contributions to the Cretaceous paleontology of the Pacific coast: The fauna of the Kiioxville 

beds, by T\ W. Stanton. 1895. 132 pp., 20 pis.

134. Cambrian rocks of Pennsylvania, by C. D. Walcott. 1890. 43 pp., 15 pis. -

141. Eocene deposits of the Middle Atlantic slope in Delaware, Maryland, and Virginia, by W. B. 

Clark. 1890. 167 pp., 40 pis.

142. Brief contribution to the geology and paleontology of northwestcn'i Louisiana, by T. W.

Vaughan. 1896. 65 pp., 4 pis. 

145. Potomac formation in Virginia, by W. M. Fontaine. 1896. 149 pp., 2 pis.

151. Lower Cretaceous gryphceas of the Texas region, by R. T. Hill and T. W. Vaughan. 1898. 

139 pp., 35 pis.

152. Catalogue of Cretaceous and Tertiary plants of North America, by F. H. Knowlton. 1898. 

247 pp.

153. Bibliographic index of North American Carboniferous invertebrates, by Stuart Weller. 1898.

653 pp.

163. Flora of the Montana formation, by F. H. Knowlton. 1900. 118 pp., 19 pis. 

173. Synopsis of American fossil Bryozoa, including bibliography and synonymy, by J. M. Nickles

and R. S. Bassler. 1900. 003 pp.

179. Bibliography and catalogue of fossil vertebrata of North America, by 0. P. Hay. 1902. 80S pp. 

191'. North American geologic formation names: Bibliography, synonymy, and distribution, by F.B.

Weeks. 1902. 448 pp. 

195. Structural details in the Green Mountain region and in eastern New York (second paper) by

T. Nelson Dale. 1902. 22 pp., 4 pis.

204. Fossil flora of the John Day Basin, Oregon, by F. H. Knowlton. 1902. 153 pp., 17 pis.

205. The mollusca of the Buda limestone, by G. B. Shattuek, with an appendix on the Corals of the

Buda limestone, by T. W. Vaughan. 1903. 94 pp., 27 pis. 

200. A study of the fauna of the Hamilton formation of the Cayuga Lake section in central New

York, by H. F. Cleland. 1903. 112 pp., 5 pis.

210. The correlation of geological faunas; a contribution to Devonian paleontology, by H. S. Williams. 

1903. 147 pp., 1 pi.

211. Stratigraphy and paleontology of the Upper Carboniferous rocks of the Kansas section, by G. I. 

Adams, G. H. Girty, and David White. 1903. 123 pp., 4 pis.
LIBRARY CATALOGUE SLIPS.

[Mount each slip upon a separate card, placing the subject at the top 

of the second slip. The name of the series should not be repeated 

on the series card, but add the additional numbers, as received, to 

the first entry.]

Adams, George I.

. . . Stratigraphy and paleontology of the Upper 

Carboniferous rocks of the Kansas section; by 

George I. Adams, George H. Girty, and David 

White. Washington, Gov't print, off., 1903.

123, III p. 4 pi. (maps), 10 fig. 23£cm. (U. S. Geological survey. 

Bulletin no. 211.)

Subject series C, Systematic geology and paleontology, 62.

"Resum6 of previous publications": p. 17-27.

Contents: Introduction, by George I. Adams, p. 13-1.4. Stratigraphy of the region, by George I. Adams, p. 15-72. Tabulated list of 

invertebrate fossils from the Carboniferous section of Kansas, by 

George H. Girty, p. 73-83. Summary of the fossil plants recorded 

from the Upper Carboniferous and Permian formations of Kansas, by 

David White, p. 85-117. Index.

Adams, George I.

. . . Stratigraphy and paleontology of the Upper 

Carboniferous rocks of the Kansas section; by 

George I. Adams, George H. Girty, and David 

White. Washington, Gov't print, off., 1903.

123, III p. 4 pi. (maps), 10 fig. 23£cl". (U. S. Geological survey. 

Bulletin no. 211.)

Subject series C, Systematic geology and paleontology, 62.

"Resume of previous publications": p. 17-27.

Contents: Introduction, by George I. Adams, p. 13-14. Stratigraphy of the region, by George I. Adams, p. 15-72. Tabulated list of 

invertebrate fossils from the Carboniferous section of Kansas, by 

George H. Girty, p. 73-83. Summary of the fossil plants recorded 

from the Upper Carboniferous and Permian formations of Kansas, by 

David White, p. 85-117.-Index.

U. S. Geological survey.

Bulletins.

i no. 211. Adams, G. I. Stratigraphy and paleonI tology of the Upper Carboniferous rocks 

of the Kansas section; by G. I. Adams, 

G. H. Girty, and David White. 1903.

g U. S. Dept. of the Interior.

| see also

* U. S. Geological survey.