T hi s di s pos i t i on i s notappr opr i a t e f orpubl i c a t i on and i s notpr e c e de nt * e xc e pta s pr ovi de d by9th C i r . R . 36- 3. NOT F OR P UB L I CAT I ON UN I TE D STATE S C OU RT OF APPE ALS FOR T HE NI NTH CI RC UI T R O S A A . S I L V A S , as i ngl e w om a n, i ndi vi dua l l ya nd on be ha l f of ac l a s s of si m i l arl y si tu at edi n d i v i du al s, P la in tif

f - A p p e llan t, a nd JO N A T H A N E . R O B IN S O N ; S A L L Y J. ROBINSON - BURKE, P l ai n t i ffs, v. G . E . MO N E Y B A N K ; WMC M ORTGAG E C ORPORATI ON ; W EL LS F A R G O B A N K , N .A .; A M E R IC A ’S SERV I CI N G CO M PA N Y ; M ERSCO RP, IN C . ; M O R T G A G E E L E C T R O N IC R E G IS T R A T IO N S Y S T E M S , IN C . ; A IG UN I T E D G UA R AN T Y C OR P OR AT I ON ; B A N K O F A M E R I C A , N .A .; C O U N T R Y W I D E H O M E L O A N S , I N C .; A M ERI CA ’ S W H O LESA LE LEN D ER; C I T I MOR T GA GE , I NC . ; F E DE R AL HO ME L OA N MOR T GA GE C OR P OR AT I ON ; F E DE R AL N o. 10- 16525 D . C . N o . 4 : 0 9 - c v - 0 0 2 2 7 - J MR ME MOR AN DU M * 

# FI LED SEP 07 2011 M OLLY C. DW Y ER, CLERK U . S. C O U R T OF APPE ALS2

NA T I ON AL MOR T GA GE ASSOCI ATI ON ; GM AC M ORTGAG E, L L C ; HS B C MOR T GA GE C OR P OR AT I ON , U. S . A. ; J . P . MOR GA N CHASE B AN K, N. A. ; NA TI ON AL CI TY M ORTGAG E, D efen d an t s - A p p el l ees. In re : M O R T G A G E E L E C T R O N IC REG I STRA TI O N SY STEM S ( M ERS) L I T I GA T I ON , R O S A A . S I L V A S , as i ngl e w om a n, i ndi vi dua l l ya nd on be ha l f of ac l a s s of si m i l arl y si tu at edi n d i v i du al s, P la in tif

f - A p p e llan t, a nd JO N A T H A N E . R O B IN S O N ; S A L L Y J. ROBINSON - BURKE, P l ai n t i ffs, v. G . E . MO N E Y B A N K ; WMC M ORTGAG E C ORPORATI ON ; W EL LS F A R G O B A N K , N .A .; A M E R IC A ’S SERV I CI N G CO M PA N Y ; M ERSCO RP, IN C . ; M O R T G A G E E L E C T R O N IC R E G IS T R A T IO N S Y S T E M S , IN C . ; A IG N o. 10- 16526 D. C . No s . 2 : 0 9 - m d - 0 2 1 1 9 - J AT

2 : 1 0 - c v - 0 0 6 3 0 - J ATD u e to th e d e a th o f th e H o n o r ab le D a v idR . T h o m p s o n , th e H o n o r ab le ** John ni e B . R aw l i nson , U ni t ed S t at es C i rc ui tJudg e f or the N i nth C i rc ui t , has bee n draw n t o repl ac e hi m on thi s panel . Judg e R aw l i nson has r ea d the bri ef s, re vi ew ed the re cord, and l i st ened t o the audi o rec ordi ng of oralar gu m enthel d o n F ebruary 1 6 , 2 0 1 1 . 3 UN I T E D G UA R AN T Y C OR P OR AT I ON ; B A N K O F A M E R I C A , N .A .; C O U N T R Y W I D E H O M E L O A N S , I N C .; A M ERI CA ’ S W H O LESA LE LEN D ER; C I T I MOR T GA GE , I NC . ; F E DE R AL HO ME L OA N MOR T GA GE C OR P OR AT I ON ; F E DE R AL NA T I ON AL MOR T GA GE ASSOCI ATI ON ; GM AC M ORTGAG E, L L C ; HS B C MOR T GA GE C OR P OR AT I ON , U. S . A. ; J . P . MOR GA N CHASE B AN K, N. A. ; NA TI ON AL CI TY M ORTGAG E, D efen d an t s - A p p el l ees.

A pp ea l fr om the U ni t ed S t at es D i stri ctC ou rt

f orthe D i s tr i c tof

A r i z ona J ohn M . R ol l , D i s tr i c tJudge , P r e s i di ng A r gue d a nd S ubm i tt e d F e brua ry16, 2011 S a n F r a n c is c o , C a lif

o rn ia B efo re: T A L L M A N , R A W L IN S O N , an dC A L L A H A N , C i rcu i tJu d g es. ** I n th e s e c o n s o l i d a t e dap p e a l s , R o s aA. S i l v a s c h a l l e n g e s th e d e n i a l o f two m o tio n s f

o rap r e lim in a ryin

ju n c tio n p r e v e n tin g th e f o r e c lo s u r e s a le o f

h e rh o m e .B ec ause the part i es ar e f am i l i arw i th the fa ct s, w e r epea tthem here on l y a s 1 n e c e s s a ryto th e d is p o s itio n o f th e c a s e . 4 W e h a v e ju r is d ic tio n o v e rth e s e in te r lo c u to ryap p e a ls u n d e r2 8 U .S .C . § 1 2 9 2 . W e a f f irm a s to ap p e a l N o . 1 0 - 1 6 5 2 5 , a n dw e d is m is s ap p e a l N o . 1 0 - 1 6 5 2 6 a s m o o t. 1 1. N o. 10- 16525 T h e d is tr ic t c o u rt d e n ie dS ilv a s ’s r e q u e s t f o rap r e lim in a ryin

ju n c tio n a s to her c l ai m s ari si ng un der the F ai r H ou si ng A ct(F H A ), 42 U . S . C . § 3 60 1 etse q . , a nd the T ruth i n L endi ng A ct(T IL A ), 15 U . S . C . § 1 60 1 etse q . S i l va s a r gue s tha tthe di s tr i c tc ourte rr one ous l yf ound tha tthe s t a tut e of

l i m i t a t i ons ba rr e d he rF H A a nd T I L A d a m a g e s c la im s , a n dth a t it f a ile dto c o n s id e rh e rT I L A r e s c is s io n c la im . W e r e v ie w th e d e n ia l o f ap r e lim in a ryin

ju n c tio n f

o ra n ab u s e o f

d is c r e tio n . P laym aker

s L L Cv. ESPN

, Inc. , 37 6 F . 3d 89 4, 89 6 (9th C i r. 20 04 ). “ A pl ai nt i ff s e e ki ng apr e l i m i na ryi nj unc t i on m us te s t abl i s h tha the i s l i ke l yt o s uc c e e d on the m er i t s, thathe i s l i kel y t o suffe r i rr epar abl e harm i n the abse nce of prel i m i nary r e l i e f , tha tthe ba l a nc e of

e qui t i e s t i ps i n hi s f

a vor , a nd tha ta n i nj unc t i on i s i n the pu bl i c i nt er es t . ” W

i nterv. N aturalR es . D ef

. C ou nci l , Inc. , 129 S . C t . 365, 374 ( 2008) . T he pa rtyr e que s t i ng apr e l i m i na ryi nj unc t i on m us tc a rryi t s bur de n of p e r s u a s io n b ya“‘c le a rs h o w in g ’” o f th e s e f o u re le m e n ts . M

az ur e k v . A rm s tr ong , 5 2 0 U .S . 9 6 8 , 9 7 2 ( 1 9 9 7 ) ( p e rc u r ia m ) .5

S ilv a s f a ile dto s h o w alik e lih o o do f s u c c e s s o n th e m e r its o f h e rF H A c la im b e c au s e th e tw o - y e a rs ta tu te o f lim ita tio n s h a dru n . See 4 2 U .S .C . § 3 6 1 3 ( a ) ( 1 ) ( A ) . S ilv a s o b ta in e dth e lo a n a t is s u e in 2 0 0 6 a n dd idn o t jo in th e c la s s a c tio n s u it u n til 2009, a f t e rthe s t a tut e of

l i m i t a t i ons ha d e xpi r e d. T hi s c a s e doe s notf a l l w i thi n the

“ c ont i nui ng vi ol a t i on” e xc e pt i on t o the s t a tut e of l i m i t a t i ons be c aus e the e xe c ut i on o f th e lo a n in q u e s tio n w a s ao n e - tim e a c t. Se e H av e ns R e al t

yC or p. v . C ole m an , 455 U . S . 363, 380–81 ( 1982) ( de s c r i bi ng ac ont i nui ng vi ol a t i on a s anum be rof r e l a t e di n c i d e n t s ) . No rd o e s S i l v a s i d e n t i f yf a c t s th a two u l ds u g g e s th e rF HA c la im s h o u ldb e e q u itab lyto lle d . Se e G ar c i a v . B r oc kw ay , 526 F . 3d 456, 465–66 & n .9 ( 9 th C ir . 2 0 0 8 ) . T h u s , th e d is tr ic t c o u rt d idn o t ab u s e its d is c r e tio n in d e n y in g ap r e lim in a ryin ju n c tio n b a s e do n S ilv a s ’s F H A c la im . S ilv a s ’s c la im f

o rd a m a g e s u n d e rT I L A is lik e w is e b a rr e db yth e ap p lic ab le o n e - y e a rs ta tu te o f

lim ita tio n s . See 1 5 U .S .C . § 1 6 4 0 ( e ) ; Kin gv . Ca lifo rn ia , 784 F . 2d 910, 915 ( 9th C i r . 1986) ( e xpl a i ni ng tha tthe l i m i t a t i ons pe r i od runs f r om the dat e of the transac t i on bu tm aybe suspended b y e qu i t abl e t ol l i ng ). T he di stri ct courtcorr ec t l y det erm i ned thatS i l vas’ s a l l egat i on s c on ce rni ng equi t abl e e st op pel w e r e b a r e le g a l c o n c lu s io n s u n s up p o rte db yf a c ts a n dw e r e in a d e q u a te to s up p o rt a c la im f o re q u itab le e s to p p e l. Se e B e ll A tl. C o r p . v . T w o m b ly , 550 U . S . 544, 555 ( 2007) . N ori s e qui t abl e t ol l i ng appr opr i a t e w he n, a s he r e , S i l va s di d notm a ke a ny6

s h o w in g o f

du e d ilig e n c e to d is c o v e rth e c o n te n ts o f h e rlo a n d o c u m e n ts . See Soc op- G onz alezv . I

. N . S. , 2 7 2 F .3 d1 1 7 6 , 1 1 9 3 ( 9 th C ir . 2 0 0 1 ) ( e n b a n c ) ( e q u itab le to llin g is ap p r o p r ia te “in s itu a tio n s w h e r e , d e s p ite a ll du e d ilig e n c e , th e p a rty i nvoki ng e qui t abl e t ol l i ng i s unabl e t o obt a i n vi t a l i nf orm a t i on be a r i ng on the e x is te n c e o f

th e c la im ” ( in te rn a l q u o ta tio n a n da lte r a tio n m a rk s o m itte d ) ) . A c c o r d in g ly , S ilv a s ’s T I L A d a m a g e s c la im is tim e - b a rr e d . S i l vas a l so ra i se d a re sc i ss i on cl ai m un der T IL A . A l tho ug h the di stri ctcourt di d n otaddres s thi s c l ai m spec i fi ca l l y, i tconcl ud ed general l y thatS i l vas w as ba rr e d f r om e qui t abl e r e l i e f

unde rthe doc tr i ne of

unc l e a n ha nds . W e a f

f i rm the d is tr ic t c o u rt’s d e n ia l o f ap r e lim in a ryin

ju n c tio n o n th is b a s is . S ilv a s w is h e s to cont i nu e t o l i ve i n h erho use, bu tshe has no toffe re d t o m ake any paym ent s on h er lo a n , s h e d idn o t te n d e ra n yp a y m e n ts w h e n s h e s o u g h t r e s c is s io n , n o ris s h e ab le t o rep ay th e l o an atth i s t i m e. Itw as n o tan ab u se o f d i scret i o n t o d en y th e req u est f o rap r e lim in a ryin

ju n c tio n u n d e rth e s e c ir c u m s tan c e s . Se e Se lle rA g e n c yC o u n c il, Inc. v. Kennedy C tr. f

or R eal Estate E du c. , Inc. , 621 F . 3d 981, 986 ( 9th C i r . 2010) (e xp l ai ni ng thatthe do ctri ne of un cl ean h ands bars re l i ef t o a pl ai nt i ff

w ho has v io la te dg o o df

a ith o ro th e re q u itab le p r in c ip le s in th e tr a n s a c tio n a t is s u e ) .S i l vas has re qu es t ed thatw e t ake j ud i ci alno t i ce of orders of the U ni t ed 2 S t at es D i stri ctC ou rtfor the D i stri ctof A ri zona di sm i ss i ng her c om pl ai ntand o ther com pl ai nt s i n p endi ng m ul t i di stri ctl i t i gat i on w i tho utprej ud i ce , and o f the di stri ct c ourt ’ s or de rgr a nt i ng am ot i on t o f i l e a n a m e nde d c ons ol i da t e d c om pl a i nti n the m ul t i di stri ctl i t i gat i on . W e nee d n ott ake j ud i ci alno t i ce of do cum ent s thatar e part o f th e r e c o r db e lo w , a n dw e o th e rw is e d e c lin e to ta k e ju d ic ia l n o tic e o f o r d e r s in th e m u ltid is tr ic t litig a tio n th a t ar e n o t r e le v a n t to th e is s u e s o n ap p e a l. 7 2. N o. 10- 16526 T h e d is tr ic t c o u rt d e n ie dS ilv a s ’s r e q u e s t f o rap r e lim in a ryin

ju n c tio n a s to her c on t ent i on thatnei ther C ou ntryw i de H om e L oans, Inc. , no r R ec on trustC o. , has the autho ri ty t o forecl ose on h erho m e. W hi l e thi s app ea l w as pend i ng , the di stri ct courtdi sm i ss ed the un derl yi ng com pl ai nt . B ec ause the op er at i ve com pl ai nthas b e e n d is m is s e d , w e d is m is s th is in te r lo c u to ryap p e a l a s m o o t. Se e Mt. G raham R e d Squi rr e l

v . M adi gan , 95 4 F . 2d 14 41 , 14 50 (9th C i r. 19 92 ). 2 A F F I R M E D as t o N o. 10- 16525; D I S M I S S E D A S M O O T as t o N o. 10- 1 6 5 2 6 .