HDR1012000160031215951500MILK PRODUCTION                                        
HDR2012000160031215951500MILK PRODUCTION HIGHLIGHTS                             
Released December 15, 1995, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service     
(NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, U.S. Department of Agriculture.  For     
information on "Milk Production" call Kevin Hintzman at (202) 720-4448, office  
hours 8:00 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. ET.  For assistance with general agricultural      
statistics, information about NASS, its products or services, contact the NASS  
Information Hotline at 1-800-727-9540 or E-mail: NASS@AG.GOV.                   
                                                                                
                     November Milk Production Up Slightly                       
                                                                                
                                                                                
Milk production in the 22 major States during November totaled 10.6 billion     
pounds, slightly above production in these same States in November 1994.        
October revised production, at 11.0 billion pounds was slightly more than       
October 1994.                                                                   
                                                                                
Production per cow in the 22 major States averaged 1,315 pounds for November,   
3 pounds above November 1994.                                                   
                                                                                
The number of cows on farms in the 22 major States was 8.09 million head,       
9,000 head less than both November 1994 and October 1995.                       
                                                                                
During the July-September period, the 22 major States produced 33.3 billion     
pounds of milk, 86.6 percent of the U.S. production.  If the remaining 28 States
not surveyed monthly followed the same pattern as the 22 States, the U.S.       
production would be 12.3 billion pounds for November 1995.                      
                                                                                
                                                                                
                                                                                
                                                                                
Da 1-1 (12-95)                                                                  
HDR2012000160031215951500MILK COWS AND PRODUCTION                               
         Milk Cows and Production:  By Quarter, United States,  1994-95         
------------------------------------------------------------------------------  
        :    Milk Cows  1/   :  Milk per Cow  2/ :     Milk Production 2/       
        :---------------------------------------------------------------------  
Quarter :          :         :         :         :         :         : 1995 as  
        :  1994    :  1995   :  1994   :  1995   :  1994   :  1995   :   % of   
        :          :         :         :         :         :         :   1994   
------------------------------------------------------------------------------  
        :    ---- 1,000 ----        Pounds         Million Pounds      Percent  
        :                                                                       
Jan-Mar :    9,506     9,517     3,951     4,093    37,560    38,950       104  
Apr-Jun :    9,530     9,516     4,188     4,254    39,916    40,484       101  
Jul-Sep :    9,539     9,518     4,007     4,040    38,217    38,453       101  
Oct-Dec :    9,524               3,983              37,933                      
        :                                                                       
Annual  :    9,525              16,129             153,626                      
------------------------------------------------------------------------------  
1/  Includes dry cows, excludes heifers not yet fresh.                          
2/  Excludes milk sucked by calves.                                             
                                                                                
HDR2012000160031215951500MLK COWS & PRD. BY MO. 22 SELECT. STS,94-95            
       Milk Cows and Production:  By Month, 22 Selected States, 1994-95         
------------------------------------------------------------------------------  
        :    Milk Cows  1/   :  Milk per Cow  2/ :     Milk Production 2/       
        :---------------------------------------------------------------------  
 Month  :          :         :         :         :         :         : 1995 as  
        :   1994   :   1995  :  1994   :  1995   :  1994   :  1995   :   % of   
        :          :         :         :         :         :         :   1994   
------------------------------------------------------------------------------  
        :    ---- 1,000 ----        Pounds         Million Pounds      Percent  
        :                                                                       
Jan     :    8,092     8,090     1,343     1,394    10,870    11,280       104  
Feb     :    8,082     8,088     1,236     1,291     9,990    10,441       105  
Mar     :    8,074     8,103     1,401     1,444    11,315    11,698       103  
Apr     :    8,080     8,097     1,396     1,417    11,282    11,477       102  
May     :    8,097     8,093     1,457     1,475    11,799    11,936       101  
Jun     :    8,107     8,104     1,388     1,414    11,249    11,461       102  
Jul     :    8,104     8,106     1,389     1,408    11,260    11,412       101  
Aug     :    8,108     8,109     1,369     1,372    11,102    11,128       100  
Sep     :    8,109     8,109     1,318     1,328    10,689    10,766       101  
Oct     :    8,104     8,098     1,354     1,360    10,970    11,014       100  
Nov     :    8,098     8,089     1,312     1,315    10,624    10,638       100  
Dec     :    8,094               1,370              11,090                      
        :                                                                       
Annual  :    8,096              16,334             132,240                      
------------------------------------------------------------------------------  
1/  Includes dry cows, excludes heifers not yet fresh.                          
2/  Excludes milk sucked by calves.                                             
HDR2012000160031215951500MILK COWS & PROD: BY ST NOV. 94-95                     
           Milk Cows and Production:  By State,  November 1994-95               
------------------------------------------------------------------------------  
        :    Milk Cows  1/   :  Milk per Cow  2/ :     Milk Production 2/       
        :---------------------------------------------------------------------  
 State  :          :         :         :         :         :         : 1995 as  
        :   1994   :  1995   :  1994   :   1995  :  1994   :  1995   :   % of   
        :          :         :         :         :         :         :   1994   
------------------------------------------------------------------------------  
        :    ---- 1,000 ----        Pounds         Million Pounds      Percent  
        :                                                                       
CA      :    1,245     1,258     1,655     1,630     2,060     2,051       100  
FL      :      173       155     1,140     1,115       197       173        88  
ID      :      217       241     1,470     1,460       319       352       110  
IL      :      163       162     1,250     1,250       204       203       100  
IN      :      145       143     1,240     1,240       180       177        98  
IA      :      265       262     1,245     1,250       330       328        99  
KY      :      165       161       995       980       164       158        96  
MD      :       91        91     1,200     1,185       109       108        99  
MI      :      326       326     1,355     1,350       442       440       100  
MN      :      605       600     1,185     1,220       717       732       102  
MO      :      196       189     1,115     1,070       219       202        92  
NM      :      171       196     1,620     1,475       277       289       104  
NY      :      712       702     1,255     1,300       894       913       102  
NC      :       89        86     1,330     1,290       118       111        94  
OH      :      289       287     1,290     1,265       373       363        97  
PA      :      641       647     1,310     1,310       840       848       101  
TN      :      160       153     1,020     1,045       163       160        98  
TX      :      401       400     1,210     1,190       485       476        98  
VT      :      157       158     1,240     1,275       195       201       103  
VA      :      129       128     1,250     1,240       161       159        99  
WA      :      261       264     1,600     1,585       418       418       100  
WI      :    1,497     1,480     1,175     1,200     1,759     1,776       101  
        :                                                                       
22 State:                                                                       
 Total  :    8,098     8,089     1,312     1,315    10,624    10,638       100  
------------------------------------------------------------------------------  
1/  Includes dry cows, excludes heifers not yet fresh.                          
2/  Excludes milk sucked by calves.                                             
HDR2012000160031215951500MILK COWS & PROD. BY ST OCT 94-95                      
      Milk Cows and Production:  By State,  October 1994-95 1/                  
------------------------------------------------------------------------------  
        :    Milk Cows  2/   :  Milk per Cow  3/ :     Milk Production 3/       
        :---------------------------------------------------------------------  
 State  :          :         :         :         :         :         : 1995 as  
        :   1994   :  1995   :  1994   :  1995   :  1994   :  1995   :   % of   
        :          :         :         :         :         :         :   1994   
------------------------------------------------------------------------------  
        :    ---- 1,000 ----        Pounds         Million Pounds      Percent  
        :                                                                       
CA      :    1,243     1,257     1,725     1,690     2,144     2,124        99  
FL      :      173       157     1,085     1,050       188       165        88  
ID      :      216       240     1,540     1,530       333       367       110  
IL      :      164       162     1,270     1,255       208       203        98  
IN      :      145       143     1,260     1,280       183       183       100  
IA      :      266       262     1,265     1,275       336       334        99  
KY      :      165       161     1,020     1,000       168       161        96  
MD      :       91        92     1,210     1,195       110       110       100  
MI      :      326       326     1,415     1,410       461       460       100  
MN      :      605       600     1,230     1,260       744       756       102  
MO      :      197       189     1,130     1,110       223       210        94  
NM      :      172       196     1,657     1,510       285       296       104  
NY      :      713       702     1,300     1,360       927       955       103  
NC      :       89        86     1,320     1,300       117       112        96  
OH      :      291       287     1,300     1,290       378       370        98  
PA      :      639       647     1,330     1,375       850       890       105  
TN      :      160       153     1,010     1,040       162       159        98  
TX      :      401       401     1,220     1,200       489       481        98  
VT      :      157       158     1,290     1,340       203       212       104  
VA      :      129       128     1,260     1,260       163       161        99  
WA      :      264       266     1,665     1,660       440       441       100  
WI      :    1,498     1,485     1,240     1,255     1,858     1,864       100  
        :                                                                       
22 State:                                                                       
 Total  :    8,104     8,098     1,354     1,360    10,970    11,014       100  
------------------------------------------------------------------------------  
1/  1995 revised.  2/ Includes dry cows, excludes heifers not yet fresh.        
3/  Excludes milk sucked by calves.                                             
HDR2012000160031215951500RELIABILITY STATEMENT                                  
Survey Procedures:  Primary data used to determine these estimates were         
                    obtained from a sample of producers. Individual States      
maintain a list of all known milk producers and information on the size of      
their herd.  States use all known sources of producers to ensure that their     
lists are as complete as possible.   Generally, all large producers and a       
sample of small producers are included in the survey.  Questionnaires are       
mailed                                                                          
to producers near the end of the month to obtain data for the first             
day of the month.  Additional reports are obtained by telephone, as needed,     
to supplement the mail response.                                                
                                                                                
Estimation Procedures:  State offices prepare these estimates using survey      
                        indications, historic trends, and any available         
administrative data.  Individual State estimates are reviewed by the            
Agricultural Statistics Board for reasonableness.                               
                                                                                
Revision Policy:  Milk production, rate per cow, and number of cows are         
                  subject to revision the following month for monthly States    
or                                                                              
the following quarter for the quarterly States.  Normally, Federal Market       
Order sales are the main basis for revisions. However, data for all orders are  
not available in time for this revision.  Estimates are again subject to        
revisions in February each year based on additional administrative data.  In    
the event that additional changes are necessary, a third revision is possible   
in February the following year.  Estimates are again reviewed after data from   
the five-year Census of Agriculture,conducted by the Department of Commerce,    
are available.  No revisions are made after that date.                          
                                                                                
Reliability:  Since all operations with dairy animals are not included in       
              the sample, survey estimates are subject to sampling              
variability.                                                                    
Survey results are also subject to non-sampling errors such as omissions,       
duplications, and mistakes in reporting, recording, and processing the data.    
The effects of these errors cannot be measured directly.  They are minimized    
through rigid quality controls in the data collection process and through a     
careful review of all reported data for consistency and reasonableness.         
                                                                                
To assist users in evaluating the reliability of the estimates in this report,  
the "Root Mean Square Error" is shown for selected items in the table below.    
The "Root Mean Square Error" is a statistical measure based on past             
performance                                                                     
and is computed using the differences between first and final estimates.        
The "Root Mean Square Error" for milk cow inventory estimates over the past     
10 quarters is 1.3 percent.  This means that chances are 2 out of 3 that the    
final July-September estimate will not be above or below the current estimate   
of 9.52 million head by more than 1.3 percent, or about 124,000 head.  Chances  
are 9 out of 10 that the difference will not exceed 2.3 percent, or about       
219,000 head (the 90 percent confidence level).                                 
HDR2012000160031215951500RELIABILITY TABLE                                      
                Reliability of July-September Milk Estimates 1/                 
------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
             :        :              :    Difference Between    :               
             :        :              :      First and Final     :    Number of  
             :  Root  :     90%      :         Estimates  1/    :    Quarters   
    Item     :  Mean  :  Confidence                                             
:------------------------------------------                                     
             : Square :    Level     :        :         :       : First :       
First                                                                           
             :  Error :              : Average: Smallest:Largest: Above :       
Below                                                                           
             :        :              :        :         :       : Final :       
Final                                                                           
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             :   - Percent -     ---------- Mil Lbs. ----------     - Number -  
             :                                                                  
Milk         :    0.9    1.6     616       270       15      538    10       0  
  Production :                                                                  
             :                  --------- 1,000 Head ----------                 
                                                                                
             :                                                                  
All Milk     :    1.3    2.3     219       113       15      179    10       0  
  Cows       :                                                                  
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1/  Based on records for the past 10 July-September quarters.