DOCUNENT RESONE

ED 206 863 CB 029 971

TITLE Ractbook on Youth. Research on Youth Employient and

Employability' Development. Youth 'Knowledge

Development/Report 2.5.

INSTITUTION Office of the Assistant. Secretary for Policy,

Evaluatiot and Research (DOL) , Washington, D.C.

SPONS AGENCY Employment,and Training Administration

Washington, D.C. Office of Youth'Programs.

PUB DATE May 80

NOTE, 220A; Some pages may not reproduce well due to small

pritt. For related documents see note for CE 029

. AVAILAB1E FROM SUperintendent 'of Docdments, U.S. Government Printing

; Office, Washington, DC 20402 (Stock No.

029-014-00128-7, $5.50).

EDRS'PRICE F01/PC09 Plus Postage.

DESCRIPTORS *Adolescents; Blacks; ,Crime; delinquency; Demography;'

Dropouts; Economically Disadvantaged; Educational

Attainment; Employment Experience; Employment Level;

*Employment 'Patterns; Family Income; Family Status;

Females; Graphs; Hibpanic Americans; Income;

*Individual CharacteristicsvLabor Force;kMales;

Marital Status; Out of School Youth; Population

Distribution; Populatitn Growth; Rural Youth;

*Socioeconomic Status;Tables '(Data); Unemployment;

Urban Youth; Work Experience; *Young Adults; *Youth

Employment , ABSTRACT 4

A This factbook 4 on youth employment contains 58 graphs

and tables of dlta concerning social and economic indicators. of the

employment and employability development of youth aged 14 to 24 as

per 1979. Indicators examined are population growth and distribution

mari Al and. family status, educational -stz us, labor force and

emplyment status by socioeconomic chars eriAtics, historical trends

of tkibor force and employment status, and crime and delinquency ' sta 0.-Itcluded among` the variables considered in the stables

co ering population are age, sex, race,,and'rural or urban residence.

Da concerning marital, family, and edudational status are broken

do 1 by age, race, and school status. Presented in' the sections on

1 r force and employment status are data on labor force

. pi* icipation rates, employment and unemployment-rates, employment

,,,,p,$) illation ratios, and major occupation group by age, marital and

' fa "Wily status, employment status, race, and sex. Percent

d' tributions of persons under 18 arrested by age and type of . Tense, area of residencee'sex, and crime and estimated number of

d inquency cases pro essed nationally through intake and juvenile,

c urts by sex and typ of court are calculated in the final section.

4 elated youth,,knowle ge and development reports are available

eparately through ER C7..-=see note.) (MN)

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YOUTH KNOWLEDGE DEVELOPMENT

REPORT

RESEARCH ON YOUTH EMPLOYMENT

AND EMPLOYABILITY DEVELOPMENT

Factbook on Youth

May 1980

MkI I I I
f.

U S Department of Labor,

Ray Mafshall, SePreta.ry

Employment and Training Adminiseation

Ernest.G.tGreen, Assistant Secretary for

Employment and Training Administration

Office of Youth Programs

Material contained in this publication is

in the public domain and may be

reproduced:fully or partially, without

permission-ON-le Federal Government

Source credit is requested but not

required Permission is required only

to reproduce any copyrighted material

contained herein

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1 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, LTA. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402

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YOUTH KNOWLEDGE DEVELOPMENTREPOliT 2.5

FACTBOOK ON YOUTH'

OFFICE OF ASSISTANT-SECRETARY FOR

POLICY, EVALUATION AND RESEARCH

DEPARTMENT OF. LABOR

MAY 1580

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A OVERVIEW

There are vast quantities of data.corlrning youth employment and

thp principle related variables.. Information is dispersed

throughout a range of publications and is difficult to access

and interpfet. Under the leadership of the Vice President's

Task Force of YouthAEmployment, the Department Of Labor's

Office of the Assistant Secretary for Policy, Eiialuation and

Research culled the major published statistics, analyzed

available data tapes, and structured and presented the information in a useable, way to serveas a7background for,policy

deliberations. This Factbook on Youth provides, in one place,

the key information needed to understand the youth employment

experience/.

This refeence volume is one of the products of the "knowledge development" effort implemented under the mandate of the Youth EmploYmert and Demonstration Projects Act of 1977. The knowledge development efrt consists of hundreds of separate research, evaluation'

and .demonstration activities which will result in literally thousandsof Written prOducts. The activities have been structured from the

outset so that each is self-standing but also interrelated with a

host of otw. activities. The framework is presented in A Knowlece,

Development Plan for the Youth Employment and Demonstration Projects

Act of 1977, A Knowledge Development Plat for the Youth Initiatives

Fiscal 1979 and Completing the Youth Agextda: A Plan for Knowledge'

Development, Dissemination and Application in Fiscal 1980.

Information is available or will be coming available from the various

knowledge developlent activities to help resolve an almost limitless

array of issues, but answers to policy questions will usually require

integration and synthesis from a number of separate products, which,'

in turn, will depend on knowledge and availability of these products.

A major shortcoming of past research, 'evaluation and demonstration

activity has been the failure to organize and disseminate the products

adequately to assure the full exploitation of the findings. The

magnitude and structure of the youth knowledge development effort 4 puts a premium on' organization and dissemination.

As part of.its knowledge development-mandate, therefore, the 9iffice

of Youth Programs of the Department of Labor will organize, publish

and disseminate the written products of all major research, evaluation 'and dembnstrItion activities supported directly by or mounted

in conjunctibji with the knowledge development effort. Some of the

same products may also be published and disseminated through other

channels, but they will be included in the structured series of

Youth Knowledge Development Reports in order to faci1litate access

and integration.o

a

4k,

The Youth Knowledge Development Reports, of which this is One,

are divided into twelve broad categories.

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1. Knowledge Development Framework: The Products in this

category are concerned with the structure of. knowledge development

activities, the assessment methodologies which are employed, validation.of measurement instruments,the translation of knowledge

into policy,'and the strategy,for dissemipating findings-

, 2. Research on Youth Employment and Employability Development: The products in this category represent analyses of existing

data, presentation of findirigs from new data sources, specials

studies of dimensions of youth labor market problems and policy

analyses.

3. Program Evaluations: The product6 in this-category include iMpact,- process and benefit-cost evaluations of youth pro-

. grams including the Summer Y6uth Employment Program, J b Corps, the

Young Adult Conservation Corpsj Youth Employment and T fining Programs, Youth Community Conservation and .1mprovemen6 Pro3 cts, and

the Targeted Jobs Tax Credit.

4. ervice and Participant'Mix: The evaluations and.demonstrations summarized in this category concern the matching of

different types of youth with different service combinations.

This involves expei'iments with work vs. work plus remediation

-vs. straight remediation as treatment options. It also includes

attempts to mix disadvantaged` and more affluent participants, as

well as youth with older workers.

5. Education and Training Approaches: Thb products in this

category present the findings of structured experiments to test

the impact and effectiveness of various education-and vocational

training approaches including specific education methodologies

for the disadvantaged, alternative education approaches and advanced career training.

6. Pre-Employment and Transition Services: The products in'

this category present the findings of structured experiments to."

test the impact and effectiveness of school-to-work transition

activitiese.Vocational exploration, job-search assistance and

other efforts to better prepai'e'youth for labor market success.

7. Youth Work Experience: The products in this category

address the organization of work activities, their output, productive roles for youth.and the impacts. of various employment

approaches.

8., Implementation Issues: This category includes crosscutting analyses'of,the practical lessons C;Ncei'lling ':how-to

do-it." Issues such as learning curves,,replication processes

and programMatic "batting averages" will be addressed under

this category, as wei,1 as the comparative advantages of alternative delivery agents.
I9. Design and Organizational Alternatives: The products

in this category represent assessments of demonstrations of

alternat,i.ve program and delivery arrangemeillsisuch as consolidation, year-round preparation for summer programming, the use

of.incentives and multi-year tracking of individuals.

10. Special Needs Groups: The products'in this category

present findings on the special problems of and adaptations

needed fot significant segments-includingi minorities, young

mothers, troubled youth, Indochinesa refugees and the andicapped.

11. Innovative Approaches: The products in this category

present the findings of those activities designed t0 explore

new approaches. The subjects covered includes the Youth

Incentive Entitlement Pilot Projects, primate sector initiatives, the national youth service experiment, and Obergy

initiatives in weatherization, low-head hydroelectric dam

restoration, windpower and the like.'

12. Institutional Linkages: The products in this category

will include studies, of institutional arrangements and linkagqs

as well as assessments of demonstration activities to encourage

such linkages with,education, volunteer groups, drug abuse agencies and the like.

This volume is basically a reference source. Other closely related research volumes includk: The labor Market Experience of

14-21 Year-Olds, A Review of Youth Employment Problems, Programs

and Policies, Between Two World: Youth Transition from 'School

to Workk The Causes of Youth Unemployment, Findings of the National

Longitudinal Survey ofYoung Americans, and Youth Unemployment:

Its Measurement and Meaning.

Robert Taggart

Administrator

Office of Yod lth P ograms

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U.-S: DEPARTMENT OF LABOR FACTBOOK ON YOUTH-SOCIAL, ECONOMIC

'AND PROGRAM INDICATORS ASPER - 1979

PART I. SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC INDICATORS

SECTION A. Population Growth and Distribution

SECTION B. Marital and Family Status

SECTION C. Educational Status

.SECTION D. tabor Force and EMployment Status

Historical Trends

SECTION E. Labor Force and Employment Status

by Socioeconomic Characteristics -

Recent Situation

SECTION ) F.' Crime and Delinquency Status

Pas!

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at

Section A.' Population Growth and Distribution

4

Figure 1. The Youth Population, Ages 14-24 by Race:

1950 - 2000.

Page

2

Figure 2. Distribution of the Youth Population by Age:

1959-- 1978. 3

A Figure 3. Distribution of Youth Population by Age,

Projections; 1980 - 2000. 3

,Figure 4. Age Distribution of.the Total U.S.'

Population, Actual and Projec ed: 1950'- 2000. 4

Table 1'.

Figure 5.

Table 2.

Distribution of Population 14-24 Years. of Age

by Urban and airal Residence: 1950, 1960, 1970

Urban-Rural Population Distributions and

Population-Ratios of 14-24 Year-Olds:

1950 - 1970.

Urban-Rural Population Distribution for Yquth,

14-24 Years of Age: 1970, 1977.

Detailed Tables

Table 3, Total Population'of Persons 14-24 Year's of

Age. by Race and Sex: 1950 - 1978.

Table 4.

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7

8

Total Population of Persons 14-24 Years of

Age by Race and Sex,Projections: . 1980 - 2000. 10
Figure A-1 0

TRE YOUTH POPULATION. A0E8'14-24 BY RACZ. 1950-2000

Millions

504.

45--

_ ESTIMATIONS

4 40.6

40 smso

35

30- ' 27.3 35.1

1111111

254.. 24.5

20-

24.0

LS 21.5

10'

757 777c*,

1950* 1960 1970

J

PROJECT/ON$

1.77. 44\

1978 1980 1985 SourCe: Tables A-3,:and A -4.

The size of the youth,pOpulatin during the pari&O#971:

1950 to 2000 will peak around 1980 at a level 85 peod4it

higher than in 1950. Nearly hree-fifths of this increase

occurred. during the decadebetween 1960 and 1970.

By 1990, the population is'projected to decline by 16 percent below the 1980 level, This decline will occur both'

amon4 black and white,;youth 'with white youth experiencing a

20 percent decline, while the blaOk youth population will

decline at a slower rate of around 8 percent. Other non

white groups will increase their-population by 33 percent

during thit period.

From 199b to 2000, the youth population will increase,by'

7 percent, White youth will experience a 7 percent increase;

blaqk youth,,a '3 percent increase; and other non-white

youth-will experience a 33 percent increase.

Since 1950 the relative, share.of nOn6white youths in the

population has increased from 12 plFcent in 1950,tb nearly

16 percent by 1980-by 2000,this group will represent nearly

one- cfifth of the youth -pop Cation. Non-white youth, other

thin black youth who repr ented less than 10 of

the non-white Population 1960, will comprise more han

20 percent of that group v 2000., - Total

1 Other

I

.

. rillSra:

*In 19?0. the number of black youth includes other

nonwhite race04.

\

t 10. 2
Percent 30

' 2p.

_13.4.

111

154

10.. 4' r' m

1 1 1 1 0 03 0

N 5

9.1

NN

Figure A-2

DISTRIBUTION Of YOUTH POPULATION BY AGE. 1950 -1.978

In,

240 4 18.3

03

16;

O

4

200

B*5

O

aw4

cr+ 03

1 er

O

N

246 188 186 9 18J

0 1.... 0$ a. . . . el

I I I 1 0 1' yo 03 N ... .. . N

2S3

.

1 N

1950 19t0 1970- 1978 Source: Table A-4

In 1950, more than 35 percent of the youth nomUlation was between 14 and 17 yeait of age - bhii orcnortices increased to 41 percent by 1960, as youth born during the post-warpericcrentered this

age group.

Percent

30 25..

20

168

By 1978, as the rate of increase in the youth population slowed, the nrcportion of yoingar youth. ages 14 to 17 declined =nearly 37 cement.

The trend of poillation increase, during the nost-war years, arming white youth preteeded the increase among black youth, and began to taper,oft crior-to _that of-blagnycuth, resin yg in a

relatively younget- population of black youth =pared to white youth during the seven ies. The proportion of black and white youth, ages 14-17, wes nearly equal in 1960. By 1970 43 cexcent

of the black youth and 39 percent of the white yodth were in this age range: and, in 1978 40 and

37 percent of black and white youth, respectively, were between 14 and 17 years of age.

180 lag 190 15

10

5

r. Tr Trat NO

N ON

N

Figure A-3

DISTRIBUTION OP YOUTH POPULATION BY AGE, PROJECTIONS 19R0-2000.

175 166 - ,.- 174

r. (1%

1

294

192 169 167

dr.4

dr.4

190 193

03 N

N

28.1

N

N

200 195 191 178

01a N0N

NN

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1980 1985 1990 2000 Source:.Table A-4

Throuth 1990 the youth population will be relatively older- than in 1978. as the proportion of youths

ages 14 through 17 will decline to 35 percentr 1980 and 33 percent by 1990.

During the decade 1990 through 2000, a pro3ected increase in the youth population willresult in a . sharp marease in the proportion of younger youth, ages 14 through 17, to nearly 40 percent.

White youth and black youth populations are protected to display the same4pattern of a relative

decline in the proportion of younger youth through 1990. Fran 1980 to 1990 the proportion of white

youth, ages 14 throgh 17 will decline from 35 to 33 percent, while the black youth population will 4 experance a colgarable decline from 38 to 36 percent.' During the next °made, 1990-2000, both

groups will expeilince an increase in the younger age getup to nearly 40 percent of their respective

population.

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4
:, Figure A-4

AGE DISTRIBUTION OF THE TOTAL U.S. POPULATION, ACTUAL AND PROJECTED: 1950 - 2000

Age Distributions*

P by Year

0-13

14-24

re 25-64

6 65+

0-13

14-24

25-64

65+

1950

25.4%

I 16.1%1

50.3%

B.J4\ 1960

29:6%

14.9%1

4,6.3%

0.2%1 1970

0-13 26.3%

v

1 14724 19.3%

1

Age Distributions*

o by Year

0-13

14-24

25-64

65+

0-13

14-24

25-64

65

+

0-13

14-24

25=64 44.0% J 25-64 o Population

' 65+ 10.5%i . 654

. 20 40 .60 80 100 Millions

1980

20.7%

1 20!3%

47.6%

11.2%1

4990

21:4%

15.6%

50':8%

12.2%

2000

20.3%

15.6%

51.8% ----,, 12.2%

1 4 20 40 -60

4 . 80 -100 ,120

*Percent distributions may not total 100 due to rounding.

. J

.1 Population,

in

140 Millions

The proportion of youth, ages 14-24,_represented in the total U.S. population

will have increa4d from 16 percent in 1950 to a projected level greater than

20 percent by 198p. Beyond 980, their proportion is projected to decline to

15.6 percent-by 1990 and 2000.

In 1950. and 1960, youth'14-:24 years .of age comprised more than 24 percent of

the work-age population, Ages 14 through 64. By Ar, this-proportion had

increased to 30 percent - a level which is maintai ed in 190. This proportion

is projected to declillkby 1990 and 2000 to 23 percent.

-t.ti Source: U.S. Bureau of the C6sus, Current Population ,Reports, Series P-25.
DISTRIBUTION OF POPULATION 14-24 YEARSAF AGE BY URBAN 'AND RURAL RESIDENCE:, 1950, 1,960, 197Q

Ages 14-24

Population

Male

Female

White

Male

Female

Nonwhite ' .. A

....' h .' Male ,

Feinale',,

- 1950

Total

Number

PerCeitt4/

Urban Rural

24,369 ,62.1 37.9

12,1)84 -59.7 40.3

12,085 64.3 15.7 :

21,40 62.6 37.4

10,676 60.4 39,.6

101744 64.9 35.2

., 2,949 58.0 42.0

' 1',408 55:2 44.7

1,539 60.6 39.4

.4 . .4 .

. , it .8Pack- ,_ , Male v Female

1960 1970 N7

Total percent 1/ .

Number Urbane Rural.

( umbers\in Thousands)

26,759 68.1 31.9

13,295 ',65.9 34.1

13,464 7.0.3 27:9'

23,464 68.1

11,697 66.0

11,767, 70 '.2 3,295 68.0

1,599 35.0

1,695 70.

31.9

34.0

29.8

12:0

35.0

29.3

Total

Number

1 Percent 1/ , Urban Rural

39,537 75.2 24.8

19,637, 74.6 25.4

19,900 75.7 24.3

34,139 ' '74.5 25.5

17,014 74.0 . 26.0

17,125 74.4' 25.1

5,399 .79.7 20.3

2,623 78.4 21.6

2,773 80:9 19.1

4,7911 80.1 19.9.

219 78.8 21.2

2,473 81.4 18.6

1/ PercenagAfi may not total 100Cdue to rounding of numbeis. .1r; . Source: U.S. Bureau of the Census Census Of The Population': . U.S. Sumprry, 1960 and 1970.

The youth population ha become increasingly urban since 1950. The most recent census

in 1970 indicated thre -fourths of.,the countr?'s youth were ,residing in urban areas.

0

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, ,, puring the period from 1950 to 1970 the population of nonwhite youth becme.more .- urbanized than the population of white youth. NonwhiteyoUth increased their share

Af popuration in turban areas from 58 to nearly 80 percent during this period,.whlle'

Write youth experienced an increase from 63 to nearly 75 percent; In 1970, black

youth represented a slightly larger share of Ehe nonwhite urban population.

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Figure A -5

URBAN-RURAL POP7LAT/ON DISTRIBUTION AND POPULATION-RAT WS

OF 14-24 '.AR -OLDS: 1950 - 1970

tio

Urban

1950

.Total --- Total "( Total- 1.64

1950, Urban-Rural

. Rural Population - Ratios

- White -White White- 1.67

55.0% 32.9%

- Nonwhite

7.1%

Urban

*Total

- White

59.7%

1960

Nonwhite- 1.38

-Nonwhite

5.0%

Rural

Total

-White

28.0%

- Nonwhite

8..4%

Urban

Total

-White

o 64.3%

1970

Nonwhite

3.9%

Rural

- Nonwhite

10.9%

Total

-White

22.0%

-Nonwhite

2.t%

-Black

9.7% 2.4%

Source: Table A-1.

1960

Total- 2.13

White- 2.'(4

Nonwhite- 2.12

1970

Total- 3.03

White- 2.92

Nonwhite- 3.91

Black- 4.04

NAs the proportion of the youth population residing in urban

areas increased froth 1950 to 1970, the proportion of non-

.White youth-in the urban population also increased from

seven percent to'nearly 11 percent. Subsequently, the share

of non-white yoUth in the rural population declined to less

than 3 percent-by )970.

This trAt toward increasing-urbanization of the youth

population has lead to dramatic changes in the urban to

rural population ratios, particup.rly atong non-white youth.

Duririg'this period from 1950 to 1970, the ratio' increased

from 1.7 to 2,9 for yhite youth, while it more than doubled

for non-white youth-with an increase from 1.4 to 3.9. The

ratio for black youth in 1970 was better than four to one.

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Table A-2

URBAN-RURAL POPULATION DISTRIBUTION FOR YOUTH, 14-24

Ages 14-24

Total

White

Black

Spanish Origin --

YEARS OF AGE: 197.0, 1977.1/

3.03 2.19

4 lk.%41.92 2.06

4.04-

4.62

1970 1977

Urban- MetrOpolitan Urban- Metropolitan

Rural Nonmetropolitan Rural Nonmetropolitan

Ratio Ratio . (Estimate)- Ratio

2.90

2.81 2.01,

4. A4 2.94

5.01

Source: U.S. Bureau of the Census, dirtint Population Reports.

1/ Urban-rural population distributions for the U.S. are available only

from the decennial Oensuses-the most recent in 1970. The 1977 urbanrdral population distribution was estimated using a factor derived

from the urban-rural, and metropolitan-nonmetropolitan population

distributions in 19710 and thec'metropolitan-nonmetropolitan populatiOn

ratios for 1977.

Since 1970, there has been a national trend of net niigratioh to nonmetropolitan areas in the United States - a reversal of the previous

pattern, for. over 100 years of rural to urban migration. The census.

Bureau has reported'that a 6.6 percent increase in net migration to

non-metropolitan areas took place between 1970 And 1975.

T e national trend of m ion, to non7metropOlitan areas since 1970

is apparent in the metr politan-non-metropolitan 'population.ratios

for white youth in 1977 their ratio declined from 2.06 to 2.01

.during this period. Howeverrthis trend is not reflected in the data

for Black and Hispanic youth which both experienced increases in this

ratio during this period.

The derived estimate indicates a decline in the urban-rural population

distribution has occurred since 1970, resulting from a decline in the

percent of white youth living°in urban areas.-

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Table K-3

JALEOPULATION OF PERSONS 14-24 YEARS OF AGE BY RACE AND SEX: 1950-1978

950 19 60 1970 1978' N

Number =Number Percent

change over

preceding

period

-Number

,

Percent

change over

preceding

period

Number Pereent

change over

-.preceding

period

Ages 14-24

(Numbers in Thousands)

Pdpulation 24,519 27,347 10.3 40,597 32.6 /( 45,055 11.0

Male 12,277 13,776 10.9 '20,538 32.9 22,798 11.0

Female 12,242 13,570 9.8 20,059 32.3 22,257 11.0

White, 21,556 24,008 10.2 35,129 '31.6 38,359 9.2

'Male 10,851 12,143 10.6 17,841 31.9 19,485 9.2

Female 10,706 11,865 9.8 17,288 31.4 18,873 9.2

BlaCk 1/ 2,964 3,072 3.5 4,914 37.5 5,893 19.9

Male r,428 1,496 4.6 2,419 38.2 2,909 20.3

Femal, 1,536 1,576 2.5 2,495 36A8 2,988r 19.7

Ages 14-15

opulation 4,297 5,529 28.6 8,139 47.2 8,497 4.4

. Male 2,178 2,805 28.8 4,146 47.8 4,333 4.5

Female 2,119 2,725 28.6 3,991 46.5 4,165 4.4

White -,3,743 4,828 29.0 6,944 43.8 7,164 3.2

Male 1,903 2,896 52.2 3,549 22.5 3,661 ' 3.2

Female -1,840 2,793 51.8 3,397 21.6 3,503 3.1

Black 1/ 554 647 16.8 1,089 68.3 1,194 9.6

Male 275 321 16.7 546 70.1 601 10.1

Female 279 325 16.5, 544 67.4 593 9.0.

Ages 16-17

popUlation 4,147 5,690) 37:2 7,772 36.6 8,395 8.0

Male 2,090 -2,877 37.7 '3,955 37.5 w 4,272 8.0

Female 2,057 '2,812 36.7.,' 3,817 35.7 4,12 8.0

White 3,628 5,011 38.1 6,674 33.2 7,089 6.2

Male 1,837 2,539 -38.2 3,404 34.1 '3,615 6.2

Female 1,790 2,472 38.1 3,269 32.2 3,474 6.3

Black 1/ 520 628 20.8 1,000 59.2 1,165 16.5

Male '254, 312 22.8 501 60.6 586 17.0

Female 266 316 18.8 499 57.9 5.79 16.0

FM 8

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CONT'D FROM TABLE A-3

TOTAL POPULATION OF PERSONS 14-24 YEARS OF AGE BY RACE ANELSEX: 1950-1978

41. 1950 1960 1970

Number Number Percent

Change over

preceding

period

Number Percent

change over

preceding

period

Number Percent

change over

preceding

period

Ages 18-14

(Numbers in Thousands)

Population 4,395 4,994 .413.6 7,503 50.2 8,533 13.7

Male 2,215 2,524 14.0 3,792 50.2 4,313 13.7

Female 2,181 2,469 13.2 3,711 50.3 4,220 13.7

.,,, White 3,857 4,393 13.9 6,481 47.6 7,268 12.1

Male I. 1,950 2,228 14.3 3,287 47.5 3,683 12.0

Female 1,907 2,165 13.5 3,195 47.6 3,585 12.2

Black 1/ 538 554 3.0 920 66.1 1,115 21.2

Male 264 273 3.4 453 65.9 554 22.3

Female 274 282 2.9 467 65.6 562 20.3

Ages 20-21

Population 4.,551 4,562 7,204 57.9 8,234 14.3

Male 2,269 2,285

_9:2-)

'0.7 3,646 59.6 4,177 14.6

Female 2,182 2,277 -0.2 3,558 56.3 4,057 14.0

White 4,015 4,003 -0.3 6,241 55.9 7,026 12.6

Male 2,015 2,017 -0.1 3,171 57.2 3,578 12.8

Female 1,998 1,986 -0.6 3,070 54.6 3,338 12.3

Black 1/. 537 513 -4.5, 857 47.1 1,060 23.7

Male 4..t 253 244 -3.6 420 72.1 521 24.0

Female 284 269 -5.3 437 62.5 538 23.1

.. '` Ages 22-24

Population 7,129 6,573 -7.8 9,980 51.8 11,396 14.2

Male 3,525 3,284 -6.8 5,000. 52.3 5,203 14.1

Sandie 3,603 3,289 -8.7 4,980 51.4 5,693 14.3

White 6,313 5,774 -8.5 8,789 52.2 9,813' 11.7

Male 3,144 2,902 -7.7 4,432 5247. 4,950 .11.7

Female 3,170 2,871 - -9.4 4,358 51.8 4,863 11.6

',- Black 1/ 815 731 -10.3 1,047 43.2 1,360 29.9

Male 381 346 -9.2 e 4§9 44.2 647 29.7

Female 434 384 -11.5 550 -43.2 713 29.6

N 1/Includes other nonwhite races in 1950. . F-Irce: US Bureau of the Census, Current Population Reports, Series P25, Nos. 311, 519f,

721, 800.

1

se& I

4 '1

0
Tale A-4

TOTAL POPULATION OF PERSONS 14-24 YEARS OF AGE BY RACE AND SEX: PROJECTIONS 1980-2000

1980 projection 1985 projection 1990 projection 2000 projection

NuMber,

, PerumIc., Number

change over

preceding - period (1970a

Percent

Change over

preceding

period

Number Percent

change over

preceding

period

Number Percent'

change over

preceding

period

Ages 14-24

(Numbers in Thousands)

Population 45,225 10.2 42,245 -6.6 37,920 -10.2 40,698 6.8

Male 22,873 10.2 21,374 -6.6 19,212 -10.1 20,693 7.2

Female 22,352 10.3 20,871 -6.6 18,708 -10.4 20,005 6.5

White 38,086 7.8 35,078 -7.9 30,912 -11.9 33,106 63

Male 19,333 7.7 17,411 -7.8 15,712 -11.8 ;6,871 6.9

Female 18,754 7.8 17,267 -7.9 15,200 -12.0 16,234 6.4

Black 6

i ,191 20.6 6,063 -2.1 5,720 -5.6 5,881 2.7

Male 3,062 21.0 3,005 -1.9 2,846 -5.3 2,947 3.4

Fema* 3,129 20.3 3,059 -2.2 2,875. -6.0 2,934 2.0

Ages 14-15

Population 7,607 -6.5 7,372 -3.0 6,426 -12.8 8,122 26.4

Male 3,878 -6.5 3,768 -2.8 3,290 -12.7 4,162 26.5

bmale 3,730 -6.5 3,605 -3.4 3,136 -13.0 .3,959 26.3

White 61,306 -9.2 6,048 -4.1 5,182 -14.3 6,655 23.4

Male 3,220 -9.3 3,097 -3.8 2,656 -14.2 3,414 23 5 _..... Female 3,086 -9.2 2,951 -4.4 2,526 -14.4 3,241 2$.3

Black 4 1,1441 5.1 1,134 -0.9 1,029 -9.3 1,175 14.2

Male 577 5.7 575 -0.3 524 -8.9 600 14.5

Female 567 4.2 559 -1.4 505 -9.7 575 13.9

. Ages 16-17

Population 8,157 5.0 7,020 -13.9 5,345 -9.6 7,924 24.9

Male 4,159 5.1 3,579 -13t9 3,243 -9.4 4,056 25.1

Female ' 3,997 4.7 3,441 -13.9 3,103 -9.8 3,868 24.7

Tikkite 6,817 2.1 5,772 -15.3 5,089 , -11.8 6,465 27.0

. Male 3,481 2.3 .2,948 -15.3 2,603 -11,7 3,311 27.2 \ Female 3,336. 2.0 2,814 -15.3 2,486 -12.0 3,154 26.9

$ Black .. 1,178 , 17.8 1,066 ,9.5 . 1,028 -3.6 1,156 12.5

Male,.,1, 596 19.0 539 -9.6 . 523 -3:0 591' -13.0

Femal0 582 16.6 527 -9.5 SO4 -4.4 566 12.3

1

,

10

4
11, CORM RCM TABLE A-4

Oak TOTAL POPULATION OF PERSONS 14-24 YEARS OF AGE BY RACE AND SEX: PROJECTIONS 1980-2000

1980 projectioh 1985 projection 1990 projection

.Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent

c e over change over change'ove

preceding preceding preceding

period (1970) period period

2000 projection

Number Percent

change over

precedilig

'period

Ages 18-19

(Numbers in Thousands)

Population 8;544 13.9 7,444 -14.0 7,195 -2.0 7,755 7.8

Male 4,318 13.9 3,711 -14.1 3,646 -1.8 3,937 8.0

Female 4,226 13.9 3,643 -14.0 .3,550 '-2.3 3,8118 7.5

White 7,208 11.2 6,074 -15.7 5,853 -3.6 6,331' 8.2

Male 3,651 11.1 3,076 -15.7 2,971 -3.4 3,218 8.3

Female 3,557 11.3 2,998 -15.7 2,882 -3.9 3,112 8.0

Black 1,161 26.2 1,070 -7.8 1,096 2.4 1,105 0.8

Male 577 27.4 533 -7.6 549 3.0 556 1.3

Femle 584 25.1 537 -8.0 547 1.9 549 0.4

Ages 20-21 4 Population 8,573 19.0 8,098 -5.5 7,311 -9.7- 7,235 -1.0

Male 4,344 19.2 4,110 -5.4 3,713 -9.7 3,689 -0.7

cemale 4,229 18.9 3,988 -5.7 3,599 -9.8 3,545 1.5

White 7,250 16.2 6,747 -6.9 6,010 -10.9 -37867 -2.4

Male 3,686 16.2 3,433 -6.9 3,059 ).2,995 -2.1

Female 3,563 16.1 3,314 -7.0 2,950 -11.0 '2,872 -2.6

Black 1,147 33.8 1,148 0.1 1,069 -6.9 1,048 -2.0

Male 566 34.8 569 0.5 530 -6.9 524 -1.1

Female' 581 33.0 579 -0.3 539 -6.9. 524 -2.8

Ages 22-24

Populatibn 12,346 23.7 12,411. 0.5 10,641 -14.3 9,6§3 -9.2

Male ' 6,176 2.3.5 6,207 5,320. -14%3 4,849 -8.9

Female 6,170 23.9) 6,203 0.5 5,321 -14.2, 4,814 -9.5

do°

White 10,506 19.5 10,439 -0.6 8,778 -15.9 7,137 -11;3

Male 5,293 19.4 , 5,258 4,421 -15.9 3,933 -11.0

Female 5,213 19.6 5,182 -0.6 4,357 -15.9 3,855 -11.5

Black 1,561 49.1 1,645 5.4 1,500- -8.8 1(396 -6.9

Male 747 49.7 790 5.8e 720 -8.9 676 -6.1

Female 814 48,0 856 5.2 780 . -8.9 721 -7.6

Source: U.S. Bureau of e Census, Current Population Reports; Series P-25, No. 704,

3 my 1977.

tor
Section B. Marital and Family Status'

Figure 1. Family Status of Teenagers, Age; 16-19, by Age

and Race: March, 1978.

Page

0'13

Figure 2. Family Status f Youth, Ages 20-24, by Age and

Race: Marcht 1978. 14

--- Table- 1. Family Statu of Females, Ages 16'-24; by Age

and Race:. March, 1978. 15

Table 2.-Family Status of Males, 16-24, by Age and Race:

March, 1978 16

Figure 3. Family Status of.Teenagers, 18-19 years of Age,

Not Enrolled in School, by Race and Sex: March, 1978 17

Figure 4. Family Status of Youth, 20-24 Years of Age, not

Enrolled in School, by Rice and Sex,: March, 1978 18

Table. 3. Families with-Children Under 18 by Parent Status

Land Race: 1978., 1970, 1960. 19

/

I

I

1

fa.

,J

21

0

p

12
Figure B-1.

/

FANCY STATUS OF TEENAGERS, AGES 16,- 19_,_ DY AGE AND RACES MARCH, 1978

41,

CHILD IN FAMILY

2-Parent--79.22

1-Parent--16.62

FAMILY HEAD OE

SPOUSE OF HEAD

Children --1.32

No children--1.32

16-17 YEAR-OLDS WHITE

OTHER FAMILY STATtiS

--1.62

CHILD IN FAMILY

iirgrent--66.72

i 1- Parent - -14.32

. WHITE

NONWHITE Hun pel FAMILY

-Parent-51.3Z

1 -Parent 45.92

FAMILY HEAD OR

POUSE OF HEAD -1.72

Xhildren--1.22

No children - -0.52/

18-19 YEAR-OLDS

FAMILY HEAD OR

i SPOUSE OF HEAD

Children - -5,92

No children --6.S2

OTHER FAMILY STATUS

0 *Percentages may not total 100 percent-due to

Source: Tables 3-1, and 3-2.

o NONWItEDE

roundidg.

J.

ETHER FAMILY STATUS

- -1.22

CHILD IN1FAMILY

2 -Parent --47.72

1 -Parent --38.22 FAMILY HEAD OR

SPOUSE OF HEAD

Children --7.32

No children --2.72

OTHER FAMILY STATUS ,

4 e

a A majority of teenagers, 16-,.19 years of 'age,were living as

children in, families in March, 1978. However, a significant

proportion of these, youth were part of one-parent families.

This was particularly true for nonwhite youth for'whom only

about one -half were living in two-parent families.'

At least four times as many 18-19 year-olds were heads of

households (or spouses of heads) than 16-17 year-olds. The

proportion of white teenagers' who had ,formed their own families

was only slightly higher than the proportion of nonwhite teenagers with families. However, wjile approximately 80 percent

of the nonwh: :a teenagers heading families had'children, the

comparable p: )portion among white teenagers was less than one-half.

13

a
Figure B-2

FAMILY STATUS OF YOUTH, AGES 20 24, BY AGEIND RACEt MARCH, 1978

'CHILD IN FAMILY 2-Parent-45.62

1-Parent.-10.92

WHITE 20-21 NEAR-OLDS

NONWHITE

FAMILY HEAD OR

SPOUSE OF HEAD

Children---14.7%

. No children--14.82 OTHER FAMILY STATUS

/CHILD IN FAMILY

2-Parent--22.22

1- Parent --6.72

ILD IN FAMILY

2 -Parent 38.92

1 -Parent --29.9Z FAMILY HEAD OR

SPOUSE OF HEAD

Children- -14:92

ko children--5.62

L

22-24 YEAR -OLDS WHITE

FAMILY HEAD OR

SPOUSE OF HEAD' C ildren--29.52

No children--X211% OTHER FAMILY STATUS

NONWHITE

CHILD IN FAMILY

2 -Parent --22.3% I-Parent-47.22

FAMILY HEAD OR

SPOUSE OF.VEAD. Children 492

No children - -7.2%

*Percentages may ,not total 100 percent due to rounding.

Source:,,Tablds B-1, and B-2.-.

OTHERFAMILY;STATUS

ay

Although more than half of all 20-21 year-olds remained as

children in families, more th 'twice as many headed families

' (or were spouses of head4) tha 18-19,year-olds. Differences

in the oatteim of family f ation among white and nonwhite

youth were similar to that o teenagers -- that is, fewer than

half Of the white youth heading families had children, while'

more than 70 pe'rcent of the nonwhite youth had children.

Significantly more 22-24 year-olds headed families than 20-21 : 'r--- year-olds;llowever, many also remained as chidren in families=- -

nearly 30 percent of white youth and 40 percenti of nonwhite

youth. Somewhat larger proportions of 22-24 year-old headfamilies had chidren than 20-21 year-olds.

.

I,
0 Table 8-1

FAMILY STATUS OF FEMA1AS, AGES 1.6.722kBY AGE AND RACE: sMARCH,978

Age . White Females Nonwhite Females

16-17 . 18-19 20-21 22-24 16-17 18 -19 20-21 22-24

. Population

3,454

Ois

, 76.2

17.2

0.3

2.1

1.9

4 2.3

3,534

58.9

13.3

1.4

7.7

9.9

8

3,525 4,962 654

(Percent of Population)

36.5 15.5 45.6

9.4 5.0. 49.2

3.5. 4.6 . 1.4

16.9 32.5 0.9

18.8 23.4 0.9

ja.

14.9 18.9 2.0

-, 646

42.7

35.0

6.0

. 7.0

2.6

6.7

. 630

29.7

27.8

13.2

9.4

5.9

14.0

872

15.5

14.4

24.9

21.9

' 6.9

.16.4

(In Thousands)

Child in Family.

Two-Parent Family

One-Parent Family

Family Head or Spouse

Head of Family

wit&Children , Wife, with Spouse

Karried, Spouse

Present, no

Children

Other Family Status

Source: U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics (Unpublished data).

.

. . . . 'Among all age groups of 16-24 ytar-olds, fewer' females were living as children

in families in 1978 than their male counterparts. (See Tgble-B-2 ). Again; as

among male youth, a' significantly larger proportion of\nonwhite females were

living in one-parent families, compared to white females.

... I By ,the ages 20-21, the majority of white females 04.1 pervent) lived avert

from their parents, while fewer nonwhite females were not living with

parents (42.5%). Although proportionately more nonwhite females postponed

marriage and children-longer than white females, at-ages 20-24, a relatively

larger proportion of this group were heads of families with children,

compared to the proportion of white females with this status, and

the proportion of marrfed_nnrnwhite females.

V
Taber. B-2

FAMILY STATUS OF MALES, 16-24 BY AGE.AND RACE: MARCH, 1978

Are

White Males Nonwhite Males

16-17 18-19 20-21 22-24 16 -17 18-19. 20-21 22-24

'Population

(Ib Thousands) 3,571 3,383 3,361 4,747 651 562, 531 692

(Percent of Population)

Child in Family

Two-Parent Family 82.0 74.8 55.2 29.2 57.1' 53.4 49.7 30.8

One-Parent Family 16.0 15.4 1,2.4 8.4 42.6 41.8 32.4 20.8

Family Head or Spouse ti

Head of Family

with Children

0.2 .2.5 8.7 21.5 , 0.7 19.9

Maried, Spouse 0.8 3.1, 10.5 20.8 0.7 5.3 7.6

Present, no

Children

Other Family Status 1.0 4.2 , 13.2 20.1 0.3 3:14 6.8 20.9

Source: U.S. Department of LabOr, Bureau of Labor Statistics (anpublished data).

In 1978, a large proportion of 16-21 year-old male youth were liv ing as children of

family heads. A significantly larger proportion of non-white males at all ages

were living in one-parent families, compared to white males of the same age.,

At ages 22-24, a 'greater proportion of nonwhite maleS remained as children

in families (51.6 percent), than white males in this age group J37.6

percent). A Larger proportion of 22-24 year-o10 white males were

married or heads of families with children (41.5 percent) compared to

nonwhite males of the same age (27.5 percent).
Figure B-3

FAMILY STATUS OF TEENAGERS, 18-19 YEARS OF AGE. NOT ENROLLED IN SCHOOL,

BY kACE AND SEX' MARCH 1978,

CHILD IN FAMILY

2- Parent - -44.82 1 -Parent --13.0Z

FEMALES WHITS

FAMILY HEAD OR

SPOUSE OF HEAD Head with

children --2.32 t. Spouse with

, children-12.92

Married, no

children--15:82

OTHER FAMILY STATUS N

CHILD IN FAMILY 2-ar-64.72

1-Parent--16.82

FAMILY HEAD OR

SPOUSE OF HEAD Head with

children-4.=

Married, no

children --S.82

WHITE

OTHER FAMILY STATUS . *Percentages may not total 100 carcebtdue to rounding.

NONWHITE

MALES NONWHITE

HILD IN FAMILY

1-Parent--40.22 FAMILY HEAD OR

POUSE OF HEAD Head with

children --LOX

Spouse with

children- -13.22 Married, no

children --5.42 OTHER FAMILY STATUS

CHILD IN FAMILY

2 -tarent --46.9Z

1 -Parent --43.52 FAMILY HEAD OR

SPOUSE OF HEAD Head with

children --2.32 Married, no

children-1.62

OTHER FAMILY STATUS Source: U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of L abor,Statistics

k(Unpublished datd).

mit Although the majorityof all 18-19 year-olds, not enrolled in

school' remained as children in families in March 1978, larger

percentages headed families or were married than enrolled youth

ol the same.age.

Higher percentages of females than males had taken on family

responsibilities at ages 18 and 19 among both white and nonwhite females had children at this age; however; the proportion

of nonwhite males heading families with children was hill that

of white'males.

More than half of all out-of-school white youth who were married

did not have children; however,significantly more than half of

the nonwhite youth who were married at this age had children.

2S

17.
Figure B-4'

FAMILY STATUS OF YOUTH, 20-24 YEARS OF AGE, NOeENROLLED IN SCHOOL,

OSY RACE AND SEXs KWH. 1978

CHILD IN FAMILY

2-Parent--18.5I

1 -Parenrc-5.5% FAMILY HEAD OR

SPOUSE OF HEAD

Head, with children...S.11 Spouse with

children,-29. 91

Married, no

children--23.82

FEMALES

WHITE

OTHER FAMILY STA

CHILD IN FAMILY

2-Parent --31.9I

1 -Parent --8.92

WHITE

FAHILY HEAD OR SPOUSE OF HEAD

Head with

children--18.82

'Married, no

children--18.8Z

OTHER FAMILY STATUS *Percentages may not/total 44

100 due

NONWHITE

CHILD IN FAMILY

2 -Parent --17.82

1 -Parent --16.82 AMi4Y HEAD OR

SPOUSE OF HEAD-- Head-with

childrea==11.6%

Spouse iith.

children- -19,82

Married, no

children - -7,6%

MA S

to. rounding.

NONWHITES

Source: U.S. Departmerit of Labor,

(Unpublished data).

Bureau of Labor

a t

v.

ETHER FAMILY STATUS

HILD IN FAMILY

2 -Parent - -33.7I

1 -Parent - -23.5% FAMILY HEAD OR SPOUSE OF HEAD

Head with

children--15.8I

Married, no

children--7.6I

OTHER FAMILY STATUS Statistics

Significantly smaller proportions Qf out-4of-school females than

males, both white and-nonwhite, ages 20 to 24, remained as

children in parent-headed families,in March 1978. Similarly,

relatively smaller proportions white youth than nonwhite

youth were children in parent-headed families during this peri6d.

Although similar proportions of out -of- school white and nonwhite females had taken on family responsibilities, a substantially larger proportion of nonwhite females (23.6 percent) than

White females (5.1 percent) were heads of households with children.

I

Iti J
_Table B-3:

Family

Type

FAMI ES WITH CHILDREN UNDER 18 BY PARENT STATUS AND RACE: 1978, 1970, 1960

All Families with own

Uirldren under 18 : Percent:

Two - parent familes

One-parent families

Maintaided by

Female]

Male

White families with own

children under 18:

Percent:

Two-parent families

One-parent families

Maintained by:

.Female

Male

Black fa lies with own

alTaien der 18:

Percent:

Two-parent f milies

One-pareqt fa ilies

. Mailitaigie by:

Female

Male

1978 1970 1960

(Numbers in Thousands)

1 Percent Change

30,365 28,665 25,691

100.0 100.0 100.0

81.1 88.6 91.5

18.9 11.4 8.5

17.1 10.2 7.4

1.8 1.2 1.1

26,168 25,439 23,294

100.0 100.0 100.0

85.0 91.1 93.0

15.0 8.9 7.0

13:3 7.9

1.7 .1.0 1.0

3,-641 2,933 2,191 1/

! 100.0 100.1 100.1

52.2 67.0 77.0

47.8 33.0 23.0

45.0 30.6 20.7

2.7 2.4 2.3

1970

to , 1978

1960

,10

1970

'1

4 5.9i; 14.6

8.1

76.2 48.7

7%.0 54.6.

60.9 11.3

2.9 9.2

-4.0 7.0

72.6 38.3

'73.6 43.9

65.3 6.5

24.1 33.9

-3.2 16.4

79.6 92.3

8.2.7 97.8

39.4 42.0

1/ The number of Back familes 1;1,1960 was distributed on the data for persons of races other

than White.'

,Source: U.S. Bureau\of the Census, Current Population Reports, Series P-20,,No. 218, *Household and'? Family Characteristicu: Marti 1970,* table 1; 1960 Census of Population, Vol. If United States

Summary, table 186, an Vol. II, 4A, Families, table 5; and unpublished Current Population Survey

data.,

The proportion of one--parent families with children under 18 has increased

since 1960. These families constituted about 9 percent of all families in'

1960, compared with 19 percent in 1978. This trend is evident among both

white and black families. However, the proportion of 'single-parent black

,families is more °than three times that for, white families-representing nearly

one-half of all black families.

More than 90 ercent of all single-parent families in 1978 were headed by

a female. Th's pattern is consistent for both black and white sne-parent

families.

el lit:
V Section C. Educational Status

Tablt 1. Summary of School Enrollment Status for 14-24

Year-Olds by Sex and Race: 1.978, 1967.

Figurel.... Percent of Population,EnrblIed, October 1978, by

.Age, Race, Sex, and Enrollment Status. 22

Figure 2. Percent of Population Not Enrolled, October', 1978

by Age, Racet Sex, and High School Attainment Status. 23

Page

21'

Detailed Tables

Table 2. School Enrollment Status of Youth, Ages 1415, t

by'Sex and Race for Selected Years. 24

Table 3. School Enrollment Status of Youth, Ages 16-17,

by Sex and Race for Selected Years. 26

: Table 4. School Enrollment Status of Youth, Ages 18 -19,

by Sex and Race for Selected Years. 28

Table '45. School Enrollment Status of Youth, Ages 20-21,.

by Sex awl Race for Selected Years, 30..

Table .6, School"EnrolIment Status of Youth, Ages 22-24,

by Sex and Race for Selected Years.. 32

3

k

2O
-.4 Table C-1

SimMARY OF SCHOOL ENROLLMENT STATUS FOR 1.4-11 YEAR-OLDS BY SEX AND RACE: 1978, 1967

Enrolled Not Enrolled

Total. Below College Total . Not

School

a High

Graduate

1978 1967--

*/

197$ 1967-=

*/

1978 1967=

*/

1978

*/

1967--

White

/'

54.7

50.1

57.7

52.1

49.1

'42.8

58.1

50.6

57.3 , 48.8

58.3

49.5

37.0

34.1

46.0

38.6

39.0

28.0

'37.5

37.5 '7

48.4

40.0

45.0

36.8

45.3

49.9

42.3

47.9

50.9

57.2

41.9

49.4

42.7

51.2'

41.7

50.5

11.4

11.1

17.9

15.2

32.7

28.1

12.6

13.1

23.9

21.8

21.4

26.7

Males

FeMales

Black

Males

Females

*/

Hispanic--

Males

Females

*/ Data are not available for the Hispanic Population in 1967; 1975 data are substituted.

Source: Tables C-2 through C-6.

The proportion of 14-24 year-olds enrolled in school, has declined by nearly 4 percentage

points during the past 10 years; hoWever, the percent graduating from high school increased

by more than 5 percentage points.

Enrollment deqlined among white Males and Hispanic youth. However, while the dropout-rate

declined for white males and all other groups, itincreased among Hispanic youth.

Although enrollment increased among ,Black youth, their high school drgpouot rates ramained (

higher than'those of white youth, but not as high as among Hispanic youth.
Percent ,of

Population'

LCO L

.' 90-

BO.-

g70-

6C)-

50-.

30-

27-

10-

'14-15 I 16-17 18019 20-21

ti

$ource: Tables C-2 through C-6.

° a

0

°

o

22-24

410

a

1 4°

Above"

ettoliege

-Level

Below

College Level

Oq

C13 °Ci to"Clr . m x n

Proportionately me black youth were enrol td in school below the college level, through,age 19, than white% r` Hispanic yodlthsin-thq fall of 1978-98.5 and 91.2 percent of 14-15,and 16-17 year-Old,black, youth, respectively were enrorled.- White,yotith were represented in a larger propoftigns at the ca,llege level.than rionWhite youth.

e proportion of.Hispanic youth enrolled in 'School lagged behind -that of white and4black youth at all ages at the high school and college levels in 1978. The largest gap Occurred among 18-19 and -21 year old Hispanic youth - the ages at which most enrolled - yout college.

34
Qercent of

opulation

100-

90+

80

70-

60-

40-

30-

20-

to"

POPULAT

o AND HIGH SCHOOL ATTAINMENT STATUS

ON N

Figure C-2

ENROLLED OCTOBER 1978 BY/AGE RAC

r

1.415 16-1 18-19 20-21

e°

Sourcei Tables C-2 through C-6.

22-24

High

School

Graduate

Non-High

Sphool

-Graduate

D

1:3 F.0

a

The praportion of Hispanic youth not enrolled in school, in 1(178 was

the highest among all Youth, at all agei. A dispropOrtionaZA

number of Hispanic youth were also' not high school graduates.-

approximately 40 percent of all Hispania youth, 4ges 18-24 were

high school dropouts in 1978.

, .,. Nan-s6hOol enrollment among white youth ages 14-19 exceeded non-"*."1,,

. . enrollment among black youth of the same ag,z7 this. pattern was,

reversed for 20-24 year olds. The proporti n of-black high-school

dropouts e ends that for white you atAges 18 -24 - the drop -out,

Tate for b youth in this age rang was nearly 25 percgnt,of the

population; however, larger proporti of white youth ages,i4-17

dropped out, of high school in 1978./ -.

1.

23
'Table C-2

SCHOOL ENROLLMENT STATUS OF YOUTH, AGES 14-15,

BY SEX AND RACE FOR SELECTED yEARS

October 1967 - - October 1978 - Continued

1967 . 1970 1575 1978

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent

(Numbers in Thousands)

All Races7Fopulation 7,506 100.0 8,019. 100.0 8,453 100.0 8,100 100.0

Total Enrolled .7,374 98.2 7,869 98.1 8,300 ' 98.2. 7,972 98.4

,Below College Level 7,374 98.2 7,869 98.1 8,293 98.1 7,971 98.4

In College .OW0 7 0.1 j 1 Total Not Enrolled 133 1.8 150- 1.9 153 1.8 I 128 1.6

High School Graduate 3 5 0.1 3 1 Not High' School

Graduate `129 1.7 145 , 1.8 149 1.8 127 1.6

Male-Population 3,804. 100.0 4,065 100.0 4,300 100.0 4,124 100.0

Total Enrolled 3,739' 98.3 3,992 98.2 4,231 98.4 4,058 98.4

Below College Level 3,739 98.3 3,992 98.2 4,224 98.3 4,058 98.4

In College 6 0.1

. Total Not Enrolled 1.7 73 1.8 69 1.6 66 1.6

High School Graduate 2 0.1 2 'EWEN. Not High School Can Graduate .65 1.7 70 1.7 67 1.6 66 1.6

Ft....Ale Population 3,702 100.0 3,954 100.0 4,153 100.0, 3,976 '100.0

Total Enrolled 3,634 98.2 3,877 98.0 -4,070 98.0 3,914 98.,4

low College Level 3,634 .98.2 3,877 98.0 4,068 98.0 3,913 98.4

In College - 1 1

Total Not Enrolled 68 1.8 77 2.0 83 2.0 62 1.6

High School Graduate 3 0.1 3 0.1 1 1

Not High School

0 Graduate 64 1.7 75\, 1.9 82 2.0 61 .1k 1 . 5

White Males-Population 3,297 100.0 3,501 100.0 3,465 100.0 3,463 100.0

Total Enrolled 3,249 98.5 3,440 1 98.3 31,590 98.5 3,403 98.3

Below College Level 3,249 98.5 '3,440 98.3 3',587 98.4 3,403 98.3

In College -- -- -- 3 0.1

Total Not Enrolled 48 1.5 61 1.7 55 1.5 60 . 1.7

High School Graduate ...a 2 0.1 2 0.1

Not High School

Graduate 48 1.5 58 1.7 53 1.4 54 1.5

White Females-Popula-

' tion 3,188 100.0 3,383 100.0 3,500 100.0 3,323 100.0

Total Enrolled 3,140 98.5 3,320 98.1 3,433 98.1 3,274 98.5

Below College Level 3,140 98.5 3,320 98.1 e 3,433 98.1 3,273 98.5

In College -- -- -- -- -- -i 1 Total Not Enrolled 48 i 1.5 63 1.9 67 1.9 49 1.5

High School Graduate 2 '0.1 3 0.1 1 - 1 High School

Graduate 45 1.4 60 1.8 66 1.9 48 1.4

4 (Continued)\

2.4
C&T'D FROM TABLE-C-2

SCHOOL ENROLLMENT STATUS OF YOUTH, AGES ft-15,

BY 31EX AND RACE MR SELECTED YEARS

A

High School Graduate -

Not High School

October 1967 - - October 1978,--Continued

1967 1970 1975 1978

Number Percent Number Percent Number Pertent Number Percent

(Numbers in Thousands)

Black Males- Popula- _ tion 479 100.0 518 100.0 603 100.0 582 100.0

Total Enrolled 462 96.5 508 98.0 588 97.6 576 99.0

Bela/ College Level 462 96.5 508. 98.0 588 97.6 576 99.0

In College -- _- -- -- -- -_ -

Total Not Enrolled 17 3.5 10 2.0 15 2.4, 6 1.0 ... Graduate 17. ----3.5 10 2.0 15 2.4 6 1.0

' Bla Bmales -Po f 480 100.0 532 100.0 579 100.0 . 578 100.0

Tota Enrolled/ 460 95.8 517 97.2 562 97.2 566 98.0

'Bel College Level 460 95.8 517 97.2 t61 96.9 566 98.0

In Co lege - 41Z .. - 1 0.2 _-' -

Total of Enrolled 20 4.2 15 2.8 16 2.8 12 2.0

jh School Graduate 1 0.3 -- --

_4.. -- -- -- &ft High School , Graduate 19 3.9 15 2.8' 16 2.8 12 2.0

Hispanic Males 1/ -Popula -

tion A _- _- .4_ -- 249 100.0 269 100.0

Total Enrolled _- .4_ -- -- 243 97.4 253 94.0

Below College Level -- _- -- -- 243 97.4 253 94.0

In College _- -- -- -- -- -- - -_ Total Not Enrolled -- -- -_ -- 7 2.6 16 6.0

High School Graduate -- -- -- .__ 2 0.7 -

Not High School

Graduate _- -- __ 5 1.9 16 6.0

Hispanic Females 1 /- Popula- 0- ,. tion __ 241 100.0 223 100.0

Total Enrolled' -- __ __ -- 226. 93.8 215 96.6

Below College L'e'vel -- -_ .4_ -- 226 93.8 215 96.6

In College -- -- -- _- -_ --

...NS Total Not Enrolled -- .4_ -_ - 15 '6.2 8 ' 3.4

High School Graduate. -- - - f;--- _ - -- -

Not High School

Graduate - -- - -- 15 6.2 8 3.4

1/ Persons of 'Spanish origins may be of any race.

iirlIRCE: U.S. Bureau of the Census, Current Population Reports, Series P-20, Nos. 190, 222,

303 and 335.

25

4
Table C

9

SCHOOL ENROLLMENT STATUS OF YCUTH, AGES 16-17,

BY SEX AND RACE FCR SELECTED YEIRS

October 1967 - - October 1978 --Continued1967 1970 1975 1978

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Perceni

100.0_

89.1

85.8

3.3

10.9

2.1

(Numbers in Thousands)

All Races-Population 7,051' 100.0 7,699 100.0 8,313 100.0 8,284

Total Enrolled 6,264 88.8 6,927 90.0 7,398 '89.0 7,384

Below College Level 6,025 85.5 6,667 86.6 7,112 85.6 7,110

In College 239 3.4 260 3.4 286- 3.4 273

Total Not Enrolled 787 11:2 772 10.0 915 11.0 900

High School Graduate 167 2.4 155 2.0 201 '2.4 175

Not High School

Graduate 620 8.8 617 8.0 715 . '8.6 725

Male-Population 3,558 100.0 3,875 100,0 4,201 100.0 4,197

Total Enrolled 3,236 91.0 3 539 4 , 91.3 1. 3,811 90.7 3,756

Below College Level 3,140 88.3 3,408 88.0 3,689 87.8 3,650

In College 96 2.7 130 3.4 122 2.9 106

Total Not Enrolled 322 9.0 336 8.7 ; 390 9.3 441

High School Graduate

Not High School

55 1.6 60 1.6 71 1.7

da9

Graduate 266 7.5 276 7.1 319 7.6 372

Female PoT9lation 3,493 100.0 3,824 100.0 4,112 100.0 4,087

TrAll Enrolled 3,028' 8617 3,388 88.6 3,587 8-7.2 3,628

ow College Level 2,885 82.6 3,258 85.2 3,423 83.3 3-,461

..In College k 143 4.1 '30 3.4 163 4.0 167

Total Not Enrolled 465 k 13.3 435 11.4 525 12.8 459

High School Graduate 112 3.2 95 2.5 129 3.1 106

Not0High School

Graduate 353 40.1 340 8.9 396 9.6 353

White Males-Popula-_

tion 3,083 100.0 3,350 100.0 3,569 100.0 3,544

Total Enrolled 2,819 91.4 J 3,087 92.2 3,249 91.0 3,149

Below College Level 2,731 88.6 2,970 88.7 -3,141 88.0 3,060

In College 88, 2.8 117 3.5 108 3.0 90

Total Not Enrolled 265 8.6 263 7.8 320 9.0 395

High School Graduate 49 1.6 53 1.6 58 1.6 54

Not High School

'Graduate 216 7.0 210 6.3 262 7.3 340

White

ti 3,008 100.0 '3,283 (00.0 3,474 100.0 3,429

Total E rolled 2,630 87.4 2,921 89.0 3,040 87.5 3,032

Below College Level 2,497 83.0 2,,808 85.5 " 21899 83.4 2,895

In College 133 4.4 113 3.4 141 4.1 138

Total Not Enrollea- 377 12.6 362 11.0 434 12.5 397

High School Graduate 94 3.1 87 2.6 101 2.9 99

Not'High School

Graduate 284 9.4 275 8.4 333 9.6 297

8.8

100.0

89.5

87.0

2.5

10.5

1.6

8.9

100.0

88.8

'84.7

11.2

2.6

-8.6

100.0

88.9

86.3

2.5

11.1

1.5

9.6 \

100.0

-88.4

84.4

41,- 4.0

11.6

2.9

8.7

(Continued)

d 2r
CONT'D FROM TABLE C-3

45

SCHOOL Emourerr STATUS OF YOUTH,, AGES 16-17,

BY SEX AND RACE FOR SELELmi) YEARS

October 1967 - - October 1978 --Continued.

1967 1970 MP 1975

Number Percent 4.imber Percent Number Percent Number

(Numbers in Thousands)

__a

s 1978

4 Black Males- Population 427 100.0 483 100.0

Total Enrolled .., 370 86.7 412 85.4

Below College Level 364 ,t 85.1 403 83.5

In College

. 1:6 10 .0

....-- Total Not Enrolled 57 13.3 70 14.

High School Graduate 7 1.5 . 6 1.2

Not High School'

Graduate , 50 11.8 64 13.3

Black Females -Popula- °

tion ' 452 L00.0 495 100.0

Total Enrolled 36% 81:6 425 85.9

Below College Level.. 359 79.5 414

, 83.6

In College 9 2.1 11 . 2.3

,- 11(*11 Not Enrolled 83 18.4 70 14.1

h School Graduate 17 3.8 9 1.7

Ncit High School , Graduate 66 14.7 61 E 12.4

Hispanic Males 1/ -Popula - /

. tion -- -- Total Enrolled =11 - --

Below College, Level '-- -- _. --

In College -- -- -- Total rolled ' -- -- Hig School Graduate -- ,..=r- -- -- Not High School

Graduate -- -- Hispanic Females 1/-

don -- -- -- -- Total Enrolled -- -- -- --

Below College Level -- . -- -- -- at In College -- -- -- -- Total Not Enrol1ed -- -- -- High SchoolGnauate -- --f -- -- Not High School

Graduate

t.

Percen

555

49V't8,,,

4

66

12

54

100.0

88.2

85.6

2.6

11.8

2.1 t. >

582

540

527

13

42

12

30

100.0

92,8

90.5

2.3

7.2

2.0

5.2

i** :582 100.0 587' 100.0

498 854.4\ 526 89.6

479 12.41 501 85.3

19 3.2 2$ . 4.3

84 14.4 8161 10.4

22 3.8 6 1.0

62 i 10.7 ill

( 55 9.4

) 262 . 100.0 278 1 100.0

232 88.3 224 80.4

229 87.2 217 78:6

3 .1.2 2.5

31 11.7 55 19.6

2 0.6 11 4.0 ,

29 , 11.1 43 15.6

253 100.0 232 100.0

212 84.0 200 86.2

202 1 79.9 1 r82.8

10 N. 4.1 3.4

40 16.0 32 13.8

1 0.5 o

, 4 1.6

39 15.5 28 12.2

1/ Persons of Spanish origins may be Any race. CE: U.S. Bureau of the Census, Current Population Repqrts, Series P-20, Nos. 190, 222,

303 and 335.

2 3,()

4
Table C-4

SCHOOL ENROLLMENT SfATUS OF YOUTH, AGES 18-19;

BY SEX AND RACE FCR SELECTED YEARS

October 1967 = - October 1978 - Continued

1967 1970 1975 1978

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percen-

(Numbers in Thousands)

All Races-Population 6,358 100.0 6,958 100.0 8,024 100.0 8,153 100.0

Total Enrolled 3,026 47.6 3,322 47.7 3,765 46.9 3,700 - 45.4

Below College Level 741 11.7 728 10.5 822 10.2 801 9.8

In College 2,286 35.9 2,594 37.3 2,943 36.7 2,899 35.6

Total Not Enrolled 3,331 52.4 3,636 52.3 4,259 53.1 4,453 54.6

High Stool Graduate 2,245 35.3 2,511 36.1 2,973 37.0 3,052 37.9

Not High School

0 Graduate 1,086 17.1 1,125 16.2 1,286 16.0 1,361 16.7

Male-Population 2,908 100.0 3,349 100.0 3,891 100.0 3,975 100.0

Total Enrolled 1,637 56.3- 1,821 54.4 1,940 49.9 1,902 47.8

Below College Level 439- 15.1 475 14.2 514 13.2 510 12.8

In College 1,198 41.2 1,346 40.2 1,426 36.7 1,391 35.0

Total Not Enrolled 1,271 43.7 1,528 45.6 1,951 50.1 - 2,073 52.2

\Hi9h School Graduate 772 ,26.5 991 29.6 1,348 34.6 1,381 34.7

Not High School

Graduate. 500 17.2 537 16.0 603 15.5, 692 17.4

Female Population 3,450 100.0 3,609 100.0 4,133 100.0 4,178 100.0

T gl Enrolled 1,390 40.3 1,501 41.6 1,825 44.2 1,798 43.0

ow College Level 302 8.8 253 7.0 309 7.5 291 7.0

In College 1,088 31.5 1,248 34.6 1,517 36.7 1,507 36.1

Total Not Enrolled 2,060 59.7 2,108 58.4 2,308 55.8 2,380 57.0.

High School Graduate1,47.4 42.7 1,519 42.1 1,625 39.3 1,711 41.0

Not High School

Graduate .. 586 17.0 589 16.3 683 16.5_ 669 16.0

White Males-Popula100.0 2,901 100.0 3,343 100.0 3,405, 100.0 tion 2,511

Total Enrolled 1,436 57.2 1,624 56.0 1,657 49.6 1,607 47.2

Below College Level 339 13.5 373 12.9 374 11.2 368 10.8

In College 1,097 43.7 1,251 ot43.1 1,283 38.4 1,239 36.4

Total Not Enrolled 1.075 42.8 1,277 44.0 1.686 50.4 1,798 52.8'

High School Graduate 688 27.4 892 .30.8 1,228 , 36.7 1,244 36.5

Not High School

Graduate 386 15.4 384 13.3 458 13.7 554 16.3

White Females-Popula100.0 3,108 100.0 3,512 100.0 3,528 100.0 tion 2,996

Totararolled 1,227 41.0 1,300 41.8 1,529 43.5 1,507 42.7

Below College Level 218 7.3 190 6.1 -198 5.6 153, 5.5

In College 1,009 33.7 1,110 35.7 1,330 37.9 1,314 37.3

Total Not Enrolled 1,769 59.0 1,808 58n 1,983 56.5 2,021 57.3

High School Graduate 1,278 42.7 1,348 43,4 1,436 40.9 1,493

Mit High School

Graduate 489 16.3 460 - 14.8 547 15.6 528 15.0

11, 40

(Continued)
CATID FROM TABLE C-4

SCHDDLENROLLMENT STATUS OF YOUTH, AGES 18-19,

SEXY AND RACE FOR SELECTED YEARS

Black Males- Population

Enrolled 173 48.6 171 -11.3 238 49.9 249

tion 356 100.0 414 100.0 476 ; 100.0 493 100.0

50.5

Below College Level 95 26.7 98 23.7 127 26.7 135 27.3

In College 78 21.8 73 17.6 .111 23.2 114 23.1

Total Not Enrolled 183 51.4 243 58.7 238 50.1 . 244 49.5

High School Graduate 74 20.7 92 22.3 106 22.3 117 23.7

Not High School

Graduate 109. 30.7 1 36.4 132 27.7 127 25.8

Black Females- Population

144 .....034.0 181

\

38.9

100.0 , 247553 100.0

44.7 243

572

*42.4

100.0

Toti

tion - 424 100.0 464

BelowAttollege Level 81 19.2 63 13.5 98 17.6 87 15.3

In College 63 14.8 118 25.4 150 27.0 155 27.2

Total Not Enrolled 280 66.0' 2S3 61.1 306 55.3 1. 329 57.6

(--',gh School Graduate 187 44.0 160 34.4 176 31.9 199 34.8

z...ct High School

GradUate 93 /2.0 124 26.6 130 23.4 130 22.J

Hispanic Males 1/ Population , - -- -- -- 229 100.0 221 100.0

Total Enrolled -- -- 119 51.9 89 40.0

Below College Level -- 65 28.5 35 15.9

In College ' - -- -- -- 53 23.4 .53- 24.1

Total Not Enrolled - -- -- 110 48.1 133 60.0

..0. High School Graduate -- -- . 50 21.8 52 23.4

Not High School

Graduate - V ''''' '..... 60 26.3 81 36.6

Hispanic Females 1 /- Population . - - - - 261 100.0 257 100.0

Total Enrolled -- -- 97 37.1 82 31.9 . Below College Level - -- -- 32 12.3 26 10.2

In College - -- -- -- 65 24.8 56 21.7

Total Not Enrolled - -- -- -- 164 62.9 175 68.1

High School Graduate -- -- -- -- 77 29.5 ,73 28.4

Not High School /-

1 Graduate - =- -- 87 . 33.5 102 39.6

sralOctober 1967 - OctOber 1978 --Continued

1967 1970 1975 1978

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Perce

(Numbers id Thousbnds)

1/ Persons of Spanish origins may be of any race. ' SOURCE: U.S. Bureau of the Census, Current Population Reports, Seties P-20, Nos. 190, 222,

303 and 335.

r

d

1
Table C75

SCHOOL ENROLLMENT STATUS OF YCUTH, AGES 20-21,

BY SEX AND RACE FCR SELECTED YEARS

October 1967 - - October 1978 --Continued"'

1967 1970 1975 ., '1978

Number Perbent Number Percent' Number Percent Number Percen

(Numbers in Thousands)

All Races - Population 5,818 100.0 6,118 100.0 7,669 100.0 8,092 100.0

Total Enrolled 1,935 33.3 1,949 31.9 2,393 31.2 2,387 29.5

Below College Level 119 2.0 92 1.5 80 1.0 89 ( 1.1

In College 1,816 31.2 1,857 30.4 2,313 30.2 2,298 28.4

Total Not Enrolled 3,883 66.7 4,169 68.1 5,276 68.8 5,705 70.5

High School Graduate 2,764 - 47:5 3,156 51.6 4,005 52.2 4,414 54.5

Not High School

Graduate 1,119 19.2 1:0n 16.6 1,211 16.6 1,291 16.0

Male-Population 2,507 106.0 2,651 100.0 3,693 100.0 3,911 100.0

Total Enrolled 1,111 44.3 1,131 42.7 1,304 35.3 1,238 '31.7

Below College Level 45 1.8 48 1.8 48 1.3 36 0.9

In College 1,066 42.5 1,083 40.9 1,256 34.0 1,202 30.7

Total Not Enrolled 1,395 55.7 1,520 57.3 2,389 64.7 2,673 68.3

High School Graduate 895 35.7 1,094 41.3 1,783 48.3 2,023 51.7

Not High School

Graduate 501 20.0 426 16.1 606 16.4 650 16.6

Female Population 3,311 100.0 3,467 100.0 `3,976 100.0 4,181 100.0

Total Enrolled 823 24.9 818 23.6 1,089 27.4 1,149 27.5

slow Colleg4 Level 74 2.2 1.3 32 0.8 53 1.3

In College 149 22.6 774 22.3 1,058 26.6 1,096 26.2

Total Not Enrolled 2,487 75.1 2,649 76.4 2,887 72.6 3,032 72.1

High School Graduate 1,869 56.5 2,062 59.5 2,222 55.9 2,391 57.2

Not High School

Graduate 618 587 16.9 664 16.7 641 15.3

White Males-Popula100.0 2,293 100.0 3,202 100.0 3,378 100.0 tion 2,196

Total Enrolled 1,029 46.9 1,031 45.0 1,164 36.3 1,080 32.0

Belem College LeVel 31 1.4 35 ^ 1.5 30 . 0.9 24 0.7

In College 998 45.5 995 43.4 1,134 35.4 1,056 3Y.3

Total Not Enrolled 1,167 53.1 1,262 55.0 2,038 * 63.7 2,298 68.0

High School Graduate' 782 35.6 939 41.0 1,573 49.1 1,797 53.2

Not High School

Graduatiop 385 17.5 323 14.1 465 14.5 '501 14.E

White Females-Popula100.0 2,991 100.0 3,391 100.0 3,545 100.0 tion 2,912

Total Enrolled 744 25.6 719 24.1 '933 27.5 . 971 27.:

Below College Level. 54 1.9 31 1.0 24 0.7 34 1.0

In College 690 23.7 689 23.0 908 26:8 937 26.4

Total Not Enrolled 2,168 74.4 2,272 75.9 2,458 72.5 2,574 72.E

,High School Graduate 1,666 57.2 1,821 60.9 1,948 57.5 2,062 58,Z

Not High School

Graduate 502 17.2 450 15.1 510 15.0 512 14.!

ti or

(Continued)
CONT'D FROM TABLE C-5

SCHOOL DROLLMENT STATUS OF YCUTH, AGES 20-21,

BY SEX AND RACE FOR SELECTED YEPRS

Octo&m 1967' - - October 1978 --CoAtinued

1967 1970 . 1975 1978

Number Percent Number.. Percent Number Percent Number Perttit

Black Males- PopulaZ

100.0

24.5

4.9 i 19.6

75.5

36.8

38.8

100.0

18.0

5.1

13.4

81.5

50.3

51.2

IMMO

mMINIEV

IMMO

.1.

01

111

(Numbers in Thousands)

332 100.0 435

92 2'.8 125

11 3.3 18

81 ', 24.4 , 107

240 72.2 310

142 42.7 .177

98 29.6 132

432 100.0 532

82 18.9 137

11 2.6 7

71 - 16.3 130

350 81.1 395

220 51.5 1 249

128 29.6 146,

187

58 . 7

IMMO 52

L. 128

72,

.11 56

223

01 54

5

49--

al 96

73

i 100.028.7

4.2

24.5

71.3

4Q.8

30.4

100.0

25.8

1.3

24.5

74.2 -

46.8

27:3

100.0

31.3

3.6

27.7

68.7

38:5

30.2

100.0

2441

2.1

22.2

75.7

43.0

32.7

458

115

10

106

343

202

141

560

145-

13

133

415

299

115

218

39

9

30

178,

85

94

264

42

438

223

131

92

100,(

25..

2..

23..

74.:

44..

30.

100.(

26.(

2.. 23.-

74.(

53.!

20.(

*100.(

18..

4.:

-13.:

81.,

38.,

43.(

100.'

15.*

1..

14..

84.

49.

14.

tion 290

Total Enrolled 71

Below College Level 14

In College 57

Total Not Enrolled 219

High School Graduate 107

Not High School

Graduate 113

Black Females-Population 358

Total -Eniblled 66

Below College Level 18

In College 48

Tital Not Enrolled 292

,Jigh School Graduate 180

Not High School

Graduate 112

Hispanic Males 1/ Population -

Total Enrolled -

Below College Level .1

In College

Total Not Enrolled

High School Graduate miRMIM Not High School

Graduate

Hispanic Females1/-Population

Total Enrolled

Below College Level IMMO In College

Total Not Enrolled

High School' Graduate

Not High School

Graduate

1/ Persons of Spanish origins may be .of any race.

'URGE: U.S. Bureau of the Cen96, Current Population Reports, Series P-20, Nos. 190, 222,

-/ 303 and 335. -J

3 1

k
; 41

Table C -6

SCHOOL, ENROLLMENT STATUS OF YCUTH, AGES 22-24,

BY SEX AND RACE FORD SELECTED YEARS

tober 1967 October 1978 --Continued

1967 \i 1970 1975 1978

' Number Percent l Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent

All Races-Population 7,833

Total Enrolled 1,067

Below College Level N-469

In College '198

Tpbal Not Enrolled 6,7.66

High School Graduate 5

Not High School

Graduate 1,762

Male-gPopulation 3,584-

Total Enrolled 751

Below College Level 33

In College . 718

Total Not Enrolled. 2,832

High School Graduate 2,029

Not High School

Graduate 803

FemalePopulation 4,250

Total Enrolled 316

Br College Level 36

clollege 280

otal Not Enrolled 3,934

High School Graduate 2,976

Not High School . Graduate 958

White Malealtpula-

,tion 3,157

Total Ea3rled 695

Below College Level 29

In Co1a* 666

Total Not Enrolled' 2,462

High SchoolGraduate 1,842

Not High School

Graduate 620

White Females-Population . 3,729

Total Enrolled 278

Below College Level . 29

In College 250

Total Not Enrolled 3,450

High School Graduate 2,691

Not High School

Graduate .759

(Numbers' in Thousands)

100.0 9,476 100.0 '10,694 100.0 11,402 100.0

13.6 1,410, 14 ( 1,728 16.2 1,858 16.3

A3.9 57 0.6 0.5 60 , 0.5

1.2.7 1,354 14.3 1,679 15.7 1,798 15.8

8p.4

63.9

8,066

6,296

85.1

66.6

8,966

7,413

83.8

69.3

9,544 0° 83.7

7,808 68.5

22.5 1,770 18.7 1,553 14.5 1,736 15.2

100.0 4 0385 100.0 5,140 100.0' 5,499 100.0

21.0 931 21.2 1,030 20.0 1,052 .19.1

0.9 29 0.7 19 0.4' 24 0.4

20.0 902 20.6 1,011 19.7 1,028 - 18.7

79.0 3,454 78.8 4,110 80.0 4,447 80.9

56.6 2,671 60.9 3,390 66.0 3,589 65.3

22.4 783 17.9 719 14.0 858 15.6

100.0 5,091 100.0 5,554 100.0 5,903 100.0

7.4 479 y 9.4 697 12.6 806 13.6

0.8 27 0.5 29 0.5 36 0.6

6.6 452 8.9 668 12.0 770 13.0

92.6 4,612 90.6 4,857 87.4 5,097 86.4

70.0 3,625. 71.2 4,.023 72.4 4,219 71.5

22.6 987 19.4 834 15.0 878 14.9

.

100.0 3,859 . 100.0 4,505 100.0 4,789 100.0

22.0 871 22.6 926 20.5 m 920 19.2.

0.9 21 0.6 16 0.4 20 0.4

21.1 850 22.0 909 20:2 900 18.8

78.0 2,988 77.4 3,579 79.5 3,869 80.0

58.3

19.7

2,497

590

-62.1

15.3

3,012

567

N 66.9

12.6

3,202 66.9,

667 '13.9

100.0 4,456 100.0 4,750 100.0 5,005 100.0

7.5 434 580 12.2 653 3.0

0.8 425.

_59.7

0.6 28 0.6 22 0.4

6.7 410 9.2 552 11.6 631 12.6

92.5 4,022 9D.3 4,170 87.8 4,352,m 87%0

172.2 3,256 73.1 3,569 75.1 3,651'

20.4 765 17.2 .601 12,7 702 140

(Continued)

4

32
con, p FROM TABLE C-6.

SCHOOL ENROLMENT STATUS OF YOUTH, AGES 22-24,

BY SEX AND RACE FCR SELECTM YEARS

October 1967 - - October 1978 --Continued

1967 1970 . 1975 1978

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Perce!

Black Males- Popula-

(Numbers in Thousands)

tion 386 100.0 474 100.0 540 100.0 603 100.(

Total nr`olled 35 9.0 45 9.6 79/ 14.7 89 14.'

Below College Level 3 0.7 7 1.6 . 3 0.6 4 . O.' In College . 32 8.3 38 8.0 .76 14.1 85 14.1

Total Not Enrolled 352 91.0 429 90.4 460 85.3 515 85.

High School Graduate _477 45.8 242 51.0 320 59.3 332 55.1

Not High School

Graduate 175 45.2 187 39.5 140 25.9 183 30..

Black Females -Popula

tion 467 100.0 575 100.0 676 100.0 765 100.(

'Total Enrolled 26 5.6 38 6.7 93 13.8 116 15.:

Below College Level 7 1.5 3 0.5 1 0.2 14 1.

In College 19 4.1 36 6.2 92 13.6 102 13.

Total Not Enrolled 441 94.4 537 93.3 583 86.2 649 84.

igh School Graduate ,254 54.4 328 57.0 385 57.0 496 64.:

Not High School . Graduate 186 39.9 209 36.4 197 29.2 153

Hispanic Males 1/ Popula-

=MVO. :MEM 262 100.0 342 100. tion 411.1 Total Enrolled 42 . 15.9 47 13.

Below College Level -- - 2 0.6 4 1.

In College MII/NO

.} 40 15.3 A.3 12.

Total Not Enrolled

High School Graduate aal.

:OEM .111.1111 221

116 ` 84.1_44.1

295

157

86.

46.

Not High School

Graduate - - 105 '40.0 138 40,. Hispanic Females 1/-Population -- 285 100.0 370 , 100.

Total Enrolled 36 12.5 37 10.

Below College Level *IMMO 3

In College 'Way= 36 12.5 34 9.

TotalNot Enrolled IMMIV

, =110 249 87.5 333 89.

High School Graduate 126 44.3 184 49.

Not High School

Graduate :OEM 123 43.2 . 149 40.

1 1/ Persons of'Spanish origins may be of any race.

7-URCE: U.S. Bureau of the Census, duirent Population Repotts, Series P-20, Nos. 190, 222,

303 and 335.

-7

33
Section D.

SumMaty

Figure 1.

Table *.

Table 2.

Table

Figure

Labor Force and Employment Status - HistoricalTrends

Civilian Labor Force of Persons 16 Years and

over and, Persons 16-24_Years of age: Annual

averages, 1965-1978

Civilian Labor Force Participation Rates for Female

Youth, by Race and Age, 1954-1978

Civilian Labor Force Participation Rates for Male

Youth by Race and,Age, 1954-108

3. Projections of Youth Population and Labor Force,

by Age, Race and Sex: 1978, 1982., 1985

2. Employmerit Population Ratio for Females, 16-24

. Years of Age, by Age aZid Race, 1954-1978

Table 4.

Figure 3.

Table' 5.

Figure

Employment Population Ratios for Females, 1954

td 1978 4

Employment Populatidn Ratios for Males, 16-24

Years of Age; by Age and Race, 1954-1978

Employment Population Ratios fOr Males, 1954 ;" to 1978

4. Unemployment Rate for

1954-1978

Table, 6.

Figure 5.

Table 7.

Table 8.

Table 7.

Table.10.

. _40)

Female.sby Race-and Age,

Unemployment Rates for Females; 1954 to 1978

Unemployment Rate for,Males by Race and Age,

1954 -1978.

Unemployment Rates for Males, 1954 to 1978

Percent of Male Youth in Armed Forced by Race

and Age: 1967-1978

Employment Satuspf

18-19, Including and

(A.F.): 1967-1978

Employment Status of

20-24, Including and

(A.F.): 1967-1978

Not Enrolled Males, Ages

Excluding Armed Forces

Not Enroll4d Males,. Ages

Excluding Armed .Forces

Page

35

36

37

38

39

40

41

42

'43

44

4ig5

47

48

49

34
w'

Millions

/00

7"` Figure D-1

CIVILIAN joABOR FORCE OF ER4ONS 16 YEARS AND OVER,

AND. PERSONS 16-24 YEARS OF AGE: ANNIAL AVERAGES. 1954-1978

Civilian Labor Force,

Persons 16 Years andOver

90

80

70

60

5 "40

.11

1

Civilian. Labor Force,

'Persons, 16-24 Years

1954 56 58 60 62 64 66 68 70 72 74 76 78

a

Source; U.S. Department of Labor and Denarttent of Health Education

and Welfare, Emnloympnt andItTraining RPOort of Prpsidpni1979. Table A-3.

The proportion of youth in the labor force has increased steadily

since 1954 from 14.9 percent to 24.4 percent in 1978,

Young females, ages 16-24 coiprie a proportionately larger share

of the female labor force because of relatively lower participation-,.

among older females.''Their proportions of the labor force increased

from 20.8 percent i1i 1954 to 27 percent in 1978. The relative

proportion for white females was apotoximately.1.5 percentage points

shighpr than for nonwhite females in' bbth years:

Although the proportion of young males, ages 16 -4, relative to

the total male labor force, is smallqr.than that for young fem"ales,',,'

their percen2tage increase has been greater since 1954 -from 12.5

perCedt to 22.4 percent in 1978. The proportidn among nonwhite

males in 1954 was 16.7 percent relative to 11.71percent for white

males; and, in 1978, 24.1 percent and 22.2 percent respectively

among white and nonwhite males.

0.

35

4
Table D-1

Civilian Labor Force Participation RatesL/

for_Female Youth. By Race and Age. 1954-1978

16-17 18-19 20-24

*4` Year White Nonwhite White Nonwhite White Nonwhite

1954 29..3 , 24 5 52,1 37.7 44.4 49.6

1955 29 9 22.7 52.0 43.2 45.8 46.7

1956 3.5 28.3 53.0 44.6° 46.5 44.9

1997 32.1 24 1 52.6 42.8 45.8 46.6

1958 28.8 23.2 52.3 41.2 46.1 48.3

1959 29.9 20.7- 50.8 36.1 44.5 48.8

1960 30.0 22.1 51.9 44.3 45.7 48.8

1961 29,4 21.6 51.9 44.6 46.9 47.7

1962 27.9 21.0 51.6 45.5 . 47.1 48.6

1963 27.9 21.5 51.3 44.9 47.3 49.2

1964 28.5 19.5 49.6 46.5 48.8 53.6

;965- 28.7 20.5 50.6 40.0 55.2

1966 31.8 23.6 53.1 44.0 51.0 54.5

1967 32.3 22.8 52.7 48.7 53.1 54.9

1968 33.0 23.3 53.3 46.9 54.0 58:4,

1969 35.2 24.4 54.6 ' 45.4 56.4 58.6

1970 36.6 24 3 55.0 44.7 57.7 57.0

1971 36.4 21 9 55.0 41.4 57,9 56.0

1972 39.3 21 4 57.4 43.9 59.4 56:7

1973 41.7 24 3 58.9 45.1 61.6 57.5

1974 43.3 24.2 60.4 44.6 63.8 58.2

1975 42.7 26.5 60.4 ,45,1 65.k 56.2

1976 43.8 23.9 61.8 43.3 66.2 57.9

A.277 45.8 22.6 63.3 44.8 67.7 59.4

1578 48.9 27.7 64.6 48.6 69.3 62.8

1/Percent of civilian nonfnstitutional population in the civilian

labor force.

Source: U.S. Departmenp of Labor and Department of Health,

Education apd Welfare, Employment and Training

Report of the President 1979. Table A-4.

0 The pattern of labor force participation'among yoting\females since

1954 has generally demonstrated an increasing trAd, particularly

among white females.

q. From 1941 through 1978] labor force participation among white

femaled increased by 19.6, 12.5 and 24.6, percentage points,

respectively for 16-17, 18-19 and 20;24 year-olds.

Although young nonwhite females also experienced increases in their

labor force participation" rates during this period, the rate

fluctuated, particularly among the 16-19 year -olds. Increases in

pethentage points registered by the three age groups were 3.2, 10.9

and 13.2 respectively among 16- 17,,18 -19 and 20-24 year-olds.
ime

1 Table

Civilian Labor Force Participation-Ratesy

for Male Youth" By Race and Age 41954-1978

16-17 18-19 20-2. Year White Nonwhite White Nonwhite' White Nonwhite

1954

1955

1956

1957

1958

1959

1960

1961

1962

1963

1964_

1965

1966

1967

1968 . 1969

1970

1971

1972

1973

r974

1975

1976

1977'.

197d---

47.1

48.0

51.3

49.6

46.8

45 4

46.0

44.3

42.9

42.4

43.5

44.6

47 1 47.9

47 7

48.8

48 9

49.2

50.2.

52.7

53.3

51.8

53.8,

46.7

48.2-

49.6

47.5-

45.1

41.7'

45.6

42.5

40.2

37.2

347.3 39.3

41.1

41.2

37.9

37.7

34.8

32.4

34.1

33.4

34.6

30.1

30.2.

30.8

33'.2

70.4

71.7

71.9

71.6

69 4

70.1

69.0

66.2

66.4

67.8

66.6

65.8

66.4

66.1.

65.7

66.3

67.4

67.8

71.1

72.3

73..6 72.8

73.5

74.9

75,3

78.4

75.7

76.4-

72.0

71.7

72.0

71.2

70.5

68.8

69.1

.67.2

66.7

63.7

62.7,

63.3

63,2

61.8

58.9

60.1

61.4

62.4

57.5

'55.6

57.8

59.5

8.6.4 '91.t

85.6 89.7

87.6 88.9

86.7 89,6

86.7 88.7

83.3 90.8

87.8 '90.4

87.6 89.7 '

86.5 89.3

85.3

85.7 49.4

85.3 8.e8

84.4 89.9

87.2

82.4 850

82.6 84.4

83.3 83.5

83:2 81.5

84.3 81.5

85.8 81.8

86.5 82.1

85.5 78.,4

86.2 78.4

86.8

87.2 78.0

1/Peicent-bi civilian noninit tional population in 4e civilian

.labor, force.

Source:4' U.S. Department., f' Labor-a0,Department of Health,

Education and -Wet ,are, Training

Report of'the President` 1979,..

Sai Labor force participation among young Vhite,maloss has generally

- -t shoWed an increasing trend since'1954, hbweverincreases are

. not as great as those demonstrated by white females of the sameage. The 1978 increase over the 195,4 level 'wag812, 4.9, and .8

perceptage points respectively for 16717, 18-15-and 20-24 year-old

whitd males. . , Large declines were registered'in the labor force participation of nonwhite males between 1954 and 1978. Lev ='s of participation

declined by 13.5, 18.9 and 13.1 percentage Points respectively

for 16-17; 1.8-19and 20-24 year-olds during,thieperiod. Consequently tt}e levels 'of participation among nonwhite' yOl A in 1978 w6ra 22.1, 14.8 and 14.8 percentage points below that,of white males respectively, for 16-17; 18-19 and 20 -24 yea -olds.

7 7
Table D-3

PROJECTIONS OF YOUTH POPULATION AND LABOR'

FORCE, BY AGE, RACE AND SEX: 1978, 82,1985

1978

Population

1982 1985

Labor Force

1978 1982 .1985

LFPR Moderate

1978 1982

White Males:,

16-17 3554 3125 2892 1933 1786 1707 54.4 57.2

18-19 3363 3235 2803.. 2539 2501 2190 75.5 77.3

20-24 8150 8337 8022 7082 7292 7028 86.e 87.5

Black Males:

*. 16-17 651 639 610 199 186 171 30.6 .29.1

18-19. , 575 598 -.. 563 331 335 307 57.6 56.0

20-24

, 1248 1376 1413 970 1051 1064 77.7 76.4

White Females:

16-17 4109 3683 3421 :1627 1589 1559 47.1 52.3

18-19 h 4179 4050 3595 2289 2390 2203 65.2 71.0

20-24 10074 10318 10082 5914 6576 6675 69.2 75.4

Black Females: 411, 1-17 656 641 613 149 150 146 22.7 23.4

18-19 650 662 628 291 298 284 44.8 45.0

20-24 1524 1648 1673 912 1026 1067 59.8 62.3

Source: U.B. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor.Statistics, unpublished data.

BLS projects small increases in the labor force participation rates of

white male and black fema.le youth by 1982. Somewhat larger increases

are projected for the participation of white female youth; while it is

projected that participation among black males will continue to

- decline during this period..

38
60

4 Figure D-2

EMPLOYMENT POPULATION RATIOS FOR FEMALES, 16-24 YEARS

OF AGE BY AGE AND RACE, 1954-1978

. 16 - 19 Year-Olds

4

White

50' ,Femakes

.".-

40

A.-

30

20 Nonwhite

Females

1954 56 58 60 62 64, 66 68 70 72' 74. 76 78

20 - 24 Year-Olds

.....'a--.40.'

. ' ....,.......

/4''A ''.../C... .... "Vis 4 Nonwhite

x7-1,- / , N ,,!t--s- 'Females

,,.. --x -

,.--........_

...........j?

..._-.

-4., ---4---A.- .sWhite - Females

I

1954 56 .58' 60 62 64 66 68 70 72 74 76 78

The proportion of employed 16-19 year-old white females has at all

times since 195 been higher than the proportion of employed nonwhite female , of the same age. However, the gap has increased

from less than 12 percentage pointsrin 1954 to more than 2,5- percentage points in 1978. (See Table D-4)

The employment population ratios among 20-24 year-old white and

nonwhite females were very closely distriGuted from 1954 through

1970, with differences of less than 4 percentage points throughout this period. However, since 1970, the difference has increased

gradually to 15 percentage points by 1-978. (See Table D-4)

Source: Table D-4 1a
Table D-4

EMPLOYMENT POPULATION RATIOS FOR FEMALES

1954 to 1978

Females 16 - 19 Females 20 - "24

Year White Nonwhite

1954 36.4 24.7

1955 37.0

, ii 71.

1956 38.9 4108..0

1957 38.3 26.5

1958 35.0 22.8

195} 34.8 20.3

1960 35.1 24.8

N\- 1961 34.6 23.2

1962 34.8 23.1

1963 32.9 21.3

1964

-, 32.2 21.8

1965 33.7 20.2

,..' . 1966 37.5 23.1

1967 37.7 24.8

1968 37.8 24.7

1969 39.5 25.1

-- I,1970 39.5 22.4

1971 38.6 20.1

1972 41.3 19.8

1973 43.6 22.5

1974 44.3 22.3

1975 42.6 21.9-\

1176 44413 ______ 20.5

1977 46.0

, 20.2

1978 48.7 23.5

Source: U.S. Department of Labor, .Bureau of Labor Statistics, Employment

and Earnings, and Unpublished data.

_ 4-0

White Nonwhite

41.6 43.1

43.5 40.6

44.1- _38.3

43.4 t5 40.9

42.6 39.0

41.4 41.6

42.4 41.2

42.9

.., _.-38-A

A

'C' 43.5 39.8

43.8 . 46.1

./

/ 45.3. 43.7'

46.1 47.6*

48.3 47.6

49.9 47.4

50.8 51'1

53.3 51.5

5'3.7 49.0

53.0 46.3

54.5 46.8

57.3 47.4

t 58.6 47.7

58.1 L43.6

59.3 45.6 *,

. 6i.3 45.3

60.6 45.4
Jo' Figure D-3

EMPLOYMENT POPULATION RATIOS. FOR MALES,16-24 YEARS OF

AGE BY AGE AND RACE, 1954-1978

16 - 19 Year-Olds

70-

, 60' - White

. .41 ".... Ie % Males .. .11.4 SO / 50.," 04/ N

.....1... ..e. 11.. N N t'r.....

lo , ...e. ...v.. kkr, O./. ... N.......%

N }- - }.../4%` 4, \ ..A....',". sX.....,,,,X, V

Y,,

sx.........ntssx Nonwhite 0 .,

..4 Males ,

40-

s's At1954 56. 58 .0.00 62 64 66 68 70' 724,174 76 78

20-24 Year-Olds

90

4 ...k, White

- . %.

,0 Males

8 0 --* --'4- - )....4, f..,..-1.A....

.. ,..r....x......i, ,..../ x.2.4 ......,_ I. l-...../

,1- "x--X. / 'X.. I.. * `ir -X.. "... Y

-A %.,

70

,...x--g-

..1.--,

''''% Z

60

o 1

.y, g. s X..41

Nonwhite

Males

1954 56 58 60 62 64 66 68 70 72 74 76 7 The proporti6n ofX1.6-19 year old nonwhite males who are employed has declined continuously since 1955 while the trend among white males of the same age has, in recent years, been constant or increasing. This trend had produced-a gap of more than 26 percentage points between white and nonwhite teenage employment in 1978. (See Table D-5). ' The pattern of employment among 20-24 year-old males since 1954 is to that for females of the same age-the proportion of white -and nonwhite youth who were employed was wikin about 4 percentage points of each other until 1971; but, by 1978, the gap had increased to nearly 15 percentage points. ?See Table D-5).

Source: Table D-5

11

LC 1 rN 5
Table D-5

EMPL()(MENT POPULATION RATIOS FOR MALES

1954 to 1978

Males 16 - 19 Males 20 - 24

Yea;:/---- White Nonwhite

1954 49.9 52.4 1*

, 1955 52.0 52.7.

1956 54.1 52.2

'1957 , \\52.4 48.0

1958 47.6 42.0

1959 48.1 41.4

1960 48.1 43.8

1961 45.9 41.0

1962 46.4 41.7

1963 44.7- 37.4

1964 45.0 37.8

1965 47.1. 39.4

1966 50.1 40.5

1967 50.2 38.8

1968 50.3 38.7

,..< 1969 51.1 39.0

1970 49.6 35.5

1971 49.2 31.8

1972 51.6 32.4

1.973 54.4 33.9

; 1974 54.4. 32.3

1975 50.6 27.6

1976 51.6 27.2

1977 , 54.5 270

1978 56,3 29.8

Sourcd: U.S. Department of Labo,r, Bureau of

, ......L14..L-A A.40.,

White.

77.9

80.4

82.3

80.5'

N

76.6

80,8

80.5

78.8

79.6

79.1

79.3

80.2'

8f.O

Nonwhite

80.5

4

78.6''

7&.7

76.8 , 75.4

77.1

80.2

79.8

74.2

76.8

78.7

76.0

Labor.Statistics, Employment

2

75.7

78.6

78.1

78.2

71.4

75.9

78.4

76.1

76.3

74.8

78.1

81.6.

82.8

80.3

77.9.

77.3

73.0

68.3

69.5

71.5

69.4

60.4

62.2

61.2

61.1
Unemployment

Rate

35

25

Figure,D -4

k

UNEMPLOYMENT RATE AR FEMALES BY RACE AND AGE: 1954=1978

Nonwhite

Females

1016-19

Nonwhite

Females

20 -24

White

'Females

16-19

White -

Females

20-24

1 O 10i-4_11111411 1 i III 1 1J1 1

1954 56 58 60 62 64 66 68 ' 70 72 74 76 78

Since 1954, unemployment among all white female youth has generally

been lower than unemployment among nonwhite females - 16-19 year-old

white females experienced lower unemployment than 20-24 year-old

nonwhite females in every year except 1965.

Among 16-1'9 year-old females, differences in unemployment for white.

and nonwhite females Increased steadily frot\10 percentage points

in 195( to 24 percentlge points in 1978 (SeelTable D-6).

The pattern of unemployment differences among 20-24 year -old femile,,

has been ,varied; however, the gap between points, respectively) was

higher than during any previous year of this period. (See Table D-6).

Source: .Table D-6
Table D-6

UNEMPLOYMENT RATES FOR FEMALES

1954 to 1978

E 'Fema1es 16 - 19 Females 20 - 24

Year White' Nonwhite White' Nonwhite

1954 10.4 20.6 6.4 13.2

1955. 9.1

Y.

19.2 5.1

-I 13.0

1956 -9.7 22.8 5.1 14.8

1957 9.5 20.2 5.1 12.1

1958 12,7 28.4 7.4 18.9

1959 12.0 27.7 6.7 14.9

1960 12.7 24.8 7.2 15.3

1961

,,. 14.8 29.2 8.4 19.5

1962 12.8*. 30.2 7.7 18.2

1963 15.1 34.7 7.4 18.7

1964 14.9 31.6 7.1 48.3

1965 14.0 31.7 6.3 13.7

1966 12.1 31.3 5.3 12.6

1967 11.5 29.6 6.0 13.8

1968 12.1 28.7 5.9 12.3

1969 11.5 27.6 5.5 12.0

1970 13.4 34.4 6.9 15.0

1971 15.1 35.4 8.5

i 17.3

1972 14.2

. 8.5 8.2 17.4

1973 13.0 34.5 . 7.0 17.6

1974 14.5 34.6 8.2 18.0

1975 17.4 38.5 11.2 22.5

1976. 16.4 39.0 10.4 21.7

1977' 15.9 39.9 9.3 23.6

1978 14.4 38.4 8.3 21.3

Source: U.S. Depart.ment of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics, Employment

and Earnings And unpublished data.

t - 44

5c
UjAm, at oyment

to

40-

35-

30-

Table D-5

UNEMPLOYMENT RATE FOR MALES BY RACE AND AGE: 1954-1978

x

Males

16-19

10-

Nonwhite

Males

20-24

White

Males

16-19

White

Males

20-24

1954 56 58 60 62 64 66 -68 70 7S. 74 76 78

s Since 1971, unemployment among white male youth 16-19 and 20-24 years

of age has been lower than unemployrdent among all nonwhite' youth,

including those 20-24 years of age.

Among 16-19 year olds, differences in unemployment for white and

nonwhite youth increased from 1 percentage point in 1954 to nearly

21 percentage points by 1978. (See Table D-7)

Differences in unemployment among 20-24 year old white and nonwhite

males varied during this period; however the difference of 12.4 percentage point's in 1978 wls higher than any proceeding year since 1954.

)'c Source: Table D-7

5

45
of

I Table D-7

UNEMPLOYMENT RATES FOR MALES

1954 to 1978

Males 16 - 19 Males 20 - 24

?ear White Nonwhite White Nonwhite

1954 13.4 14.4 9.8 16.9

1955 11.3 13.4 7.0 12.4

1956 10.5 15.0 6.1 12.0

1957 11.5 18.4 7.1, 12.7

1958 15.7 26.8 11.7 19.5

1959 14.0 25.2 7.5 .. 16.3

1960 14.0 24.0 8.3 13.1

1961 15.7 26.8 10.0 15.3

1962 13.7 22.0 8.0 14.6

1963 15.9 27.3 7.8 15.5

1964 14.7 2%3 7.4 12.6

1965 12.9 23.3 5.9 9.3

. 1966 10.5 21.3 4,1 7.9

196'7 10.7 23.9 4.2 8.0

1968 10.1 22.1 . 4.6 8.3

1969 10.0 21.4 4.6 '8.3

13.7 25.0 7.8 12.6

1971 -15.1 28.9. 9.4 16.2

1972 14.2 29.7 8.5 14.7

1973 12.3 26.9 6.5 12.i.

1974 13.5 31.6 7.8 15.4

. 1975 18.3 35.4 13.2 22.9

1976 0 17.3 35 1 10.9 20.7

1977 15.0 37.) 49.3 21.7

lt 1978 13.5\ 34.4 7.6 20.0

Source: U.S. Depa$tment of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics, Employment

and Earninks and unpublished data. 46

5

3
Table 'D -8

Percent of Male Youth In Armed Fortes

By Race and

Total-Population,

Age: 1967.a1978'

Out-of-School Population

White Males_ Nonwhite Males White Males Nonwhite Males

Year 18 - 19 20 - 24 18 - 19 20 - 24 18 - 19 20'- 24 18 - 19 20 - 24

1967 18.8 20.7 10.6 15.2 35.1 27.8 . 19.3 18.2

1968 12.0 23.5 8.2 19.5 26.2 31.2 16.2 22.4

1969 11.7 22.1 9.7 18.5 25.3 29.9 17.7 22.2

1970 9.4 18.9 7.4 15.7 19.1 . 25.2 12.5 18.5

1971 8:0 15.4 , 6.8 12.7 16.5 20.7 13.3 15.7

1972 7.8 11.3 8.0 11.0 14.9 15.1 14.5 13.9

1973 7t8 9.7 9.2 10.8 14.1 46 15.5 13.1

1974 7.5 8.5 10.2 11.6 ("12.9 421 -. 17 . 8 15.0

1975 7.2 7-.6 9.0 11.5 Qj14.4-------i6.1_ .16.9 14.2

1976 7.0 7.2 8.3' .11.3 12.5 9.5 16.9 14.6

1977 6.5 6.9 10.0 12.9 11.7 9.1 18.3 , 16.3

1978 6.3 6.7 10.5 13.5 12.2 8.7 19.2 16.2

Source: U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics, Employment

and Earnings.

5J

aC

47 -
able D-9

Employment Status of Not Enrolled Males, Ages.18-19

Including and Exluding Armed Forces (A.F.): 1967-1978

Employment-Population

Ratios

Unemployment Rates

Year

White Males Nonwhite Males White Males Nonwhite Males

excluding including

A.F. A.F.

excluding including

A.F. A.F.

excluding -including

A.F. A.F.

excluding Including

A.F. A.F.

1967 79.7 86:9 71.4 77.0 9.2 5.7 19. k 15.0

1968 81.3 86.2_,, 69.4 74.4 7.6 5.4 20.0 16.3

1969 79.6 84.8 70.0 75.4 8. 5.8 14.8

1970 77.7 81.9 58.1 63.4 12.6 9.9 23.2 19.5

1971 77.3 '81.0 65.8 70.3 13.0 '10.6 24.4 20.7

.1972 84.3 63.6 68:9 10.4 8,7 21.4 18.1

1973 82.8 85.1 71.0 75.5 8.4 7.1 19.3 15.9

1974 78.3 81.1 60.8 67.8 -13.2 11.3 30.3 24.2

1975 77.9 80.8 50.9 59.2 16.0 13.8 37.5 30.0

1976 77.8 . 8Q.6 42.8 52.5 14.4 12.4 43.1 31.9

1977 8,2.9 84.9 49.8 59.0 11.1 9.7 39.3 30.9

1978 78.5 81.1 59.8 67.5 . 11.9 8.5 25.5 19.7

' Source: U.S. Department Of Labor, Bureau,of Labor Statistics, Eniployment

and Earnings,unpublished data. "Ctia*

1

7
P :Table D-10

Employment Status of Not Enrolled Males, Ages 20-24

. Including and Excluding Armed Forces (A.F.): 1967-1978

Employment-Population

Ratios

gate Males

Year excluding including

A.F.

93.7 95.5'- 90.8 93.7

1967

1968

1969

1970

1971

1972

1973

1974

1975

1976

1977

1978

91.2

81.2

87.1

88.0

91.0

89.3

83.7

86.3

88.7

89.8.

93.8

90.S

89.8

89.9

92.1

0.5

8

87.6

89.8

90.7

Unemployment Rates

Nom/bite Males

excluding including

A.F. A.F;

85.1 87.4

84.8 88.2

88.0 90.6

77.1 81.3

77.0 80.6

81.3' 83.9

79.7

78.2

69.2

66.8

70.5

72.5

82.3

81.5

73.6

71.7

75.3

76.9

-WNte Males Nonwhite Males

excluding including excluding including

A.F. A.F.

3.2 2.3 - 3.7

4.3

8.5

7.9

7.8

4.3

6.9

,11.8

9.7.

'7.3

6.1

2.5

3.0

6.3

6.2

6.6,

3.7

'6.0

10.4,

8.8

6.6

5.6

A.F.

, 8.3

9.3

7.3

14.0

15.4

10.2

12.1

14.7

18.6

20.8

20.6

18.5

A.F;

7.1

5.6

11.8

12.8

8.6

10.3

12.3

15.5

17.3

16.8

15.2

Source: U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor'Statis.tics, Eniployment

and Earnings, and unpublished data. ,

ti

1

4

-A\

49.
Section E. Labor Fo!e and Employment Status by'Socioeconomic

Characteristics- Recent Situation

Family Income Status

Table 1. Labor Force Status by, Age, Family Income Status,

Race, Sex.

Page

' 51

Table 2. Labor Force Participation Rate by Age, Family

Income Status, Race, Sex. 63

Table 3. Employment Population Ratio by Age, Family

Income Status, Race, Sex. 69

Table 4. Unemployment Rate by Age, Family Income Status,

Race, Sex. . .

. 75

Table 5. Reasoh 'Not in the Labor Force (NILF) Last Week

by Age, Family'Income Status, Race, Sex. 81

Table 6. Major Occupation Group by Age, Income Status,

Ra Sex. 92

Marital and Family Status

Table 7.'Labor Force Status by Age,. Marital -and Family

Status, RaCe, Sex.

Table 8. Labor Force Participation Rate by Age,. Marital

and Family Status, Race, Sex.

Table 9. Employment Population Ratio by Age, Marital and

Family Status, RaceliSex.

Table 10. Unemployment Rate by Age, Maritals.and Family

Status, Race, Selc.

-Other to*

Table 11. Major Occupation Group by Age, Employment Status,

'Race, Sex.

6°4

.

.

98

104

110

116

133 6
Table E-1

LABOR FORCE, STATUS BY AGE,FAMILY INCOME ST US,RACE,SX (MAR. 1978)

W FOR (WHITE, MALE)

Total

INCOME STATUS2/

DISADVANTAGED NON-DISADVANTAGED

AGE

14-15

EMPLOYMENT STATUS

EMPLOYED

Percent'

UNEMPLOYED

Percent

NOT IN LABOR FORCE

Percent

16-17

EMPLOYMENT STATUS

EMPLOYED

Percent

UNEMPLOYED

Percent

NOT IN LABOR FORCE

Percent

MILITARY

'Percent,

18-19

EMPLOYMENT STATUS

EMPLOYED

Pdrcent

UNEMPLOYED

Percent

NOT IN LABOR FORCE

Percent

MILITARY

Percent

20-21

EMPLOYMENT STATUS

EMPLOYED

Pef'cent

UNEMPLOYED

Percent

NOT IN LABOR FORCE

Percent

MILITARY

Percent

5i7;998

100.00

107,000

100.00

2,848,006

100.00

1,412,998

100.00

339,909

100.00

1,817,999

100.00

1,561

top.00

2,043,998

100.00

305,999

100.00

1,032,998

100.00

16,668

100.00,

2,353,997

too.o

302,999

tap.00

703,998

100.00

//

75,791

100.00

194,567

.34.87

51,983

48.58

1,117,569

39.24

450,913

31.9t

140,893

41.44

752,422

41.39

1,56

100%0

728,854

35.66

143,420

46.87

397,650

38.49

9;181

55.08

831,561

35.33

110,299

36.40

283,892

40.33

37,542

49.53

363,431

65.13

55,017.

51.42

1,730,436

60.76

962,085

68.09

199,106

, 58.56

1,065,577

58,61

1,315,145

64.34

162,579

53.13

635,348

61.51

"7:487

v.44.92

1,522,436

64.67

192,700

63.60

420, 1,06

59.67

38,248

50.47

See footnotes at and of table.

6 0

-r
.

LABOR FORCE STATUS BY AGE,FAMICY INCOME ST S,RACE,SEX 44. 1978 -Continued

W FOR (WHITE, MALE)

Total

INCOME' STATUS

DISADVANTAGED NON-DISADVANTAGED

AGE

22-24

EMPLOYMENT STATUS

EMPLOYED 3,836,996 1,436,420 2,400,576

Percent "100.00 P.44 62.56

'UNEMPLOYED 383,999 170,022 213,977

Percent 100,00 44.28 55.72

,NOT IN LABOR FORCE 525,998 229,011 296,988

Percent 100.00 ' 43.54 56.46

MILITARY 119,099 54,560 64,539'

',Percent 100.00 45.81 54.19

4

See footnote; at end of table.

ti
- 3

LABOR FORCE STATUS BY AGE,FAMILY INCOME Sll '11S,RACE,SEX (MAR. 1978)-Continued

W FOR (WHITE, FEMALE)

1

i r

Total y

INCOME STATUS

--, DISADVANTAGED NON-DISADVANTAGED

AGE

14 -15

EMPLOYMENT STATUS

EMPLOYED

Percent

UNEMPLOYED A Percent

NOT IN LABOR FORCE

Percent

416-17

EMPLOYMENT STATUS

EMPLOYED

Percent

UNEMPLOYED

Percent

NOT IN LABOR FORCE

Percent

18-19

EMPLOYMENT STATOS

EMPLOYED 1 Percent N

UNEMPLOYED

Percent

NOT IN LABOR FORCE

Percent.

20-21

EMPLOYMENT STATUS

EMPLOYED

Percent

UNEMPLOYED..

Percent

NOT IN LAeOW FORCE

.Percent

22-24

EMPLOYMENT STATUS

EMPLOYED , Percent ....... .....

,

._. 597,998

100.00

53,000

100.00

., 2,719,004

100.00

1,169,998

100.00:,

262,999

100.00

2,021,000

100.00

1,867,000

100.00

277,999

100.00

1,388,999

100.00

2,048,000

100.00

232,999

100.00

1,241,999

. 4000.00

.3,097,007

' 100.00

204,308

34.17

20,399

18.49

1,072,597

39.45

391,629

33.47

116,574

44.32

875,457

43.32

664,543

35.59

138,061

49,66

628,592

45.26

709,647

34.65

117.077

50.25

696,562

55.99

1,057,942

34.16

39ii690

6 .83

32,601

61:51

1,646,408

60.55

778,369

66.53

146,426

55.68

1,145,543

56.68

_1,202,457

64.41

139,939

50.34

760,406'

54.74

.1,338,352

65.35

. 115,922

49.75

547,437

`'44.01

2,039,066

,65.84.

See footnotes at end of table.

. , 6D
4 LABOR FORCE STATUS BY AGE,FAMILY INCOME SPnwilS,RACE,;;:(MAR. 1978) -Continued

W FOR (WHITE:--FEMALE)

Total,

INCOME STATUS

DISADVANTAGED NON-DISADVANTAGED

AGE

22-Z4

EMPLOYMENT STATUS

1,- UNEMPLOYED 27, 999 144,929 133,071

Percent 100.00 .ft 52.13 47.87

HOT IN LABOR FORCE 1,586,999 1,006,409 580,680

Percent 100.0.0 63.41 36.59

See footnotes at end of table.
5

LABOR FORCE STATUS BY AGE,FAMILY INCOME STATUS,RACE,SEX (MAR. 1)78)-Continued

W FOR (BLACK, MALE) 1\.

Total

N INCOME STATUS

DISADVANTAGED NON- DISADVANTAGED

AGg

14-15

EMPLOYMENT STATUS

EMPLOYED 37,172 23,143 14,028

Percent 100.00 62.26 37.74

UNEMPLOYED 26,453 20,793 5,661.

Percent 100.00 78.60 21.40

NOT IN LABOR FORCE 523,387 360,960 162,427

Pece t 100.00 68:97 31.03

16-17

....J EMPLOYMENT STATUS

EMPLOYED

Percent

69,271

100.00

43,258

62:45 kOw

26,014

37.55

'UNEMPLOYED 88,313 67,489 20,824

Percent 100.00 76.42 23.58

NOT IN LABOR FORCE -418,333 276,673 141,660

Percellt 100.00 66.14, 33.86

18-19

EMPLOYMENT STATUS"

EMPLOYED 177,810 115,444 62,366

Perent 100.00 64.93 35.07

UNEMPLOYED 93,891 66,170 27,720

Percent 100`.00 70.48 29.52

NOT IN LABOR FORCE 214,311 145,877 68,434

Percent 100.00 68.07 31.93

MIIITARY 7,941 7,941

-Percent, 100.00 100.00

20-21

EMPLOYMENT STATUS

EMPLOYED 249,910 132,259 117,651

Percenk 100.00 52.92 47.08

UNEMPLOYED 89,838 54,162 35,676

Percent 100.00 60.29 39.71

NOT IN LABOR FORCE 110,411 69,901 $0,510

Percent 100.00 63.31 36.69

MILITARY 7,958 1,445 6,514

. Percent 100.00 18.15 81 85

See footnotes at end of tabl

ti
- 6

LABOR FORCE STATUS BY AGE,FAMILY INCOME SI'weUS,RACE,SEX (MAR. 1978)- Continued

W (BLACK, MALE)

Total

380,734

100.00

102,892

100.00

112,344

100.00

36,846

100.00

DISADVANTAGED

INCOME

157,509

41.37

'60,004

.58.32

69,894

62.21

15,419

41.82

-AGE

22-24

EMPLOYMENT STATUS

EMPLOYED

Percent

UNEMPLOYED

Percent

NOT IN LABOR FORCE

Percent

MILITARY

Percent

STATUS

NON-DISADVANTAGED

223,225

58.63

42,888

41.68

42,449

37.79

°21,447

58.18"

See "footnotes at end of table.
7 - LABOR FORCE STATUS BY AGE,FAMILY INCOME Si GS,RACE,SEX (MAR. 19

W FOR (BLACK, FEMALE)

78)-Continued

Total

INCOME ST ATUS

DISADVANTAGED NON-DISADVANTAGED

AGE

14-15

EMPLOYMENT STATUS'

EMPLOYED 18,190 7,261 1G,929

Percent 100.00 39.92 60.08

UNEMPLOYED 19,444 14,712 4,732

Percent 100.00 75.66 24.34

NOT IN LABOR FORCE 544,499 410,0(47 134,452

Percent 100.00 75.31 24.69

16-17

EMPLOYMENT STATUS

EMPLOYED 65,774 41,323 22,45)

Percent 100.00 65.87 34.13

UNEMPLOYED 53,191 34,944 18,246

Percent 100.00 65.70 34.30

NOT IN LABOR FORCE 463,309 347,696 115,613

Percent 1.00.00 75.05 24:95

18-19

EMPLOYMENT STATUS

EMPLOYED 133,470 62,490 70,980

Percent 100.00 46.82 53.18

UNEMPLOYED 103,476 78,761 24,714

Percent 100.00 76.12 23.85

HOT IN LABOR FORCE 328,559 245,486 83,073

Percent 100.00 74.72 25.28

20-21

EMPLOYMENT STATUS

EMPLOYED 219,812 126,917 92,895

Percent 100.00 57.74 42.26

UNEMPLOYED 77,252 65,060 2,191

Percent 100.00 84.22 15.78

NOT IN LABOR FORCE '262,791 205,068 5 7,722

Percent 100.00 78.03 1.97

22-24

EMPLOYMENT STATUS

EMPLOYED 417,014 227,793 189, 221

Percent 100.00 54.62 45 .38

See footnotes at end of table.
r 8 -

LABOR FORCE STATUS BY AGE,FAMILY INCOME ST IS,RACE,SEX (MAR. 1978)-Continued

W FOR (BLACK, FEMALE)

Total

INCOME STATUS

DISADVANTAGED NON-DISADVANTAGED

AGE

22-24

EMPLOYMENT STATUS

UNEMPLOYED 80,457 67,000 13:,457

Percent 100.00 43.27 16.7

NOT IN LABOR FORCE 246,840 211,857 34,983

Percent 100.00 85.83 14.17

OP .V-. See footnotes at end of table.

. 1

..

I

0.4

,..

D
- 9

LABOR FORCE STATUS BY AGE,FAMILY INCOME SNAS,RACE,SEX (MAR. 1978)-Continued

W FOR -( OTHER, MALE)

Total

AGE

14-15

EMPLOYMENT STATUS

EMPLOYED 17,828

Percent 100.00

*UNEMPLOYED 3,547

Percent

NOT IN LABOR FORCE

100.00

---'53,612

Percent 100.00

16-17

EMPLOYMENT STATUS

EMPLOYED 20,728

Percent 100.00

UNEMPLOYED 2,686

Percent 100.00

NOT IN LABOR FORCE 51,665

Percent 100.00

18-19

EMPLOYMENT STATUS

EMPLOYED 37,189

Percent 100.00

UNEMPLOYED, 8,109

Percent 100.00

NOT IN LABOR FORCE 30,688

Percent 100.00

20-21

EMPLOYMENT STATUS

EMPLQYED 44,089

Percent 100.00

UNEMPLOYED 8,161

Percent. 100.00

NOT IN LABOR FORCE 28,589

Percent 100.00

MILITARY 1,791

Percent 100.00

INCOME STATUS

DISADVANTAGED NON-DISADVANTAGED

7,735

43.39

1,693

47.75

42,471

79.22

9,505

45.86

707

26.31

31,197

60.38

11,891

31.97

5,936

73.20

23,387

.76.21,

174541

39.78

3,006.

36.84

13,342

46.67

1,791

100.00

10,093

56.61

1,853

52.25

11,141

20.78

11,223

54.14

1,979

73.69

20,468

39.62

25,299

68.03

2,173

26.80

7,301

23.79

26,549

60.22

5,155

63.16

15,246

53.33

See-freatflote5 at end of table.

7 '
- 10 LABOR FORCE STATUS BY AGE,FAMILY INCOME ST)rriS,RACE,SEX (MAR. 1978)-Continued

W FOR ( OTHER, MALE)

Total

INCOME STATUS

DISADVANTAGED NON-DISADVANTAGED

AGE

2?-24

EMPLOYMENT STATUS

EMPLOYED 63,265 42,646 20,619

Percent._.. - 100.00 67.41 32.59

UNEMPLOYED 13,108 8,693 4,415

Percent 100.00 66.32 33.68

NOT IN LABOR FORCE 19,656 10,858 8,798

Percent. 100.00 55.24 44.76

See footnotes at end of table.

1.
- 11

LABOR FORCE STATUS*BY AGE,FAMILY INCOME SiNOS,RACE,SEX (MAR. 1978)-Continued

W FOR ( OTHER, FEMALE)

.Total

INCOME STATUS

DISADVANTAGED NON-DISADVANTAGED

AG

14-15

EMPLOYMENT STATUS

EMPLOYED 810 178 63

.Percent 100.00 ?1.95 78.05

UNEMPLOYED 1,556 1,423 133

Percent. 100.00 91.48 8.52

NOT'IN LABOR FORCE 70,499 43,504 26,995

Percent 100.00 61.71 38.29

16-17

EMPLOYMENT STATUS

EMPLOYED 16,226 9,347 6,879

Percent 100.00 57.60 42.40

UNEMPLOYED 5,809 5,809

Percent. 100.00 100.00

NOT IN LABOR FORCE 49,690 30,603 19,087

Percdnt 100.00 61.59 38.41

18-19 et EMPLOYMENT STATUS

EMPLOYED 28,530 15,579 12,950

Percent 100.00 54.61 45.39

UNEMPLOYED 7,524 3,228 4,294

Percent 100.00 42.90 57.10

HOT IN LABOR FORCE 44,440 25,742 18,698

Percent 100.00 57.92 42.08

20-21

EMPLOYMENT STATUS

EMPLOYED 41,187 24,109 17,077

Percent 100.00 58.54 41.46

UNEMPLOYED 8,748 41599 4,149

Percent 100.00 52.57 47.43

NOT IN LABOR FORCE 20,208 16,657 3,552

Percent 100.00 82.42 17.58

22-24

EMPLOYMENT STATUS

EMPLOYED 69,985 42,699 27,286

Percent 100.00 61.01 38.99

See footnotes at end of, table.
- A

LABOR FORCE STATUS BY AGE,FAMILY INCOME STATUS,RACE,SEX (MAR. 1978)-Continued 46

W FOR OTHER, FEtALE)

Total

INCOME STATUS

DISADVANTAGED NON-DISADVANTAGED

AGE

22-24

EMPLOYMENT STATUS

UNEMPLOYED 17,542 14,991 2,551

Percent' 100.00 85.46 14.54

NOT IN LABOR FORCE 40,159 27,324 12,835

Percent. 100.00 68.04 31.96

Note: 's indicate no observations are available from the sample data.

1/ Data are not adjusted for seasonal variations.

7/ FamilY income criterion.is based on BLS Lower Budget levels, for

1971, adjusted by the 1978 CPI.(The BLS Lower Budget is roughly,

compaiable to guidelines for 100 percent of the BLe'TOwer Standard

Income Level). The annual income cutofll for the 1978 adjustment

for a disadvantaged' family of four was $10,636 for families living

inside an SMSA, and $9,790 for families living outside an SMSA.

3/ A small percentage of military personnel, who were residing in

civilian housing at the time of the survey, are included in the

sample.

Source: U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics, Current

Popullation Surv.ey, unpublished data.

tr-
Table -2

LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION RATE BY AGE,FAMILY INCOME STATUS,RACE,SEX (MAR. 1978)11

WHITE, MALE

1

AGE

14-15 16-17

LABOR FORCE LABOR FORCE

PARTICIPATION RATE PARTICIPATION RATE

18-19 20-2J

LABOR FORCE LABOR FOR!, LABOR FORCE

PARTICIPATION RATE PARTICIPATION RATE , PARTICIPATION RATE

INCOME STATUS

2/

DISADVANTAGED

NON-DISADVANTAGED

0.18

.19

0.44

.52

0.69

.70

0.77

'-' .80

12 0.88

.90

See footnotes at end of table.

v

I

I.

4 .

1-

7'.'

114
- 2

LABO-FRRCEspARTICIPATION RATE BY AGE.FAMILY INCOME STAT05,RACks,4EX (MAR. 4-978)-Continued

WHiTE, FEMALE

AGE

14-15

LABOR FORCE

PARTICIPATION RATE

16-17

LABOR FORCE

PARTICIPATION RATE

18-19

LABOR FORCE

PARTICIPATION RATE

7 20-21

LABOR FORCE

PARTICIPATION RATE

22-24

LABOR FORCE

PARTICIPATION RATE

INCOME STATUS

DISADVANTAGED

NON DISADVANTAGED

0.17

.21

See footnotes at end of table.

P7

0.56

.64

0 0.54

,.79
3 LABOR FORCE eARTICIPATION RATE BY AGE,FAMILY INCOME STATUS,RACh,bEX (MAR _1978)- Continued

BLACK. MALE

AGE

14-15 16-17 18-19 20-21 22-24

LABOR FORCE

PARTICIPATION RATE

LABOR FORCE

PARTICIPATION RATE

LABOR FORCE

PARTICIPATION RATE

LABOR FORCE

PARTICIPATION RATE

LABOR FORCE

PARTICIPATION RATE

INCOME STATUS

DISADVANTAGED

NON-DISADVANTAGED

See footnotes at end

0.11

.11 It`

0.29

.25

0.55

.57 0.73

.79

0.76

.86

of table.

Ul 3 *-1
4

LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION RATE BY AGE,FAMILY INCOME STATUS,RACE,SEX (MAR,. .1978)-Continued

BLACK,' FEMALE

s-f

AGE_

14-15 16 -'17 18-19 20-21 .

22-24

LABOR FORCE

PARTICIPATION-RATE

LABOR FORCE

PARTICIPATION RATE

. LABOR FORCE

PARTICIPATION RATE

LABOR FORCE

PARTICIPATION RATE

LABOR FORCE

PARTICIPATION RATE

INCOME STATUS

DISADVANTAGED

NON-DISADVANTAGEP

,t See footnotes at end

0.05 . .10

0.18

.26

0.37

.54

0.48

:65

0.58

.85 .

of table.

8'

0

0 ov Ob.

O

af Ir

4

'1'
'-........./- q

LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION RATE BY AGE,FAMILY I0-44ME- SIATUS,RACE,SEX (MAR. 1978)-Continued

OTHER, MALE

14-

AGE

14-15 16-17 18-19 20-21

LABOR FORCE

PARTICIPATION RATE

LABOR FORCE

PARTICIPATION RATE

LABOR FORCE

PARTICIPATION RATE

LABOR FORCE

PARTICIPATION RATE

`MOM STATUS

DISADVANTAGED

NON-DISADVANTAGED..

0.18

.52

0.25

.39

0.43

.79

0.61

.68

22-24

LABOR FORCE

PAUICIPATION RATE

0.83

.74

See footnotes at and of table.

0

9

4

e
d LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION RATE BY AGE,FAMILY INCOME '5TATUS,RACE,SEX (MAR. 1978)-Continued

OTHER, FEMALE

AGE

14-15 -16-17 18-19 20-21 22-24

or:0k

LABOR FORCE

PARTICIPATION RATE

LABOR FORCE

PARTICIPATION RATE

LABOR FORCE

PARTICIPAFON RATE

"AABOR FORCE

PARTICIPATION RATE

LABOR FORCE

PARTICIPATION RATE

INCOME STATUS

DISADVANTAGED

NON-DISADVANTAGED

0.04

.03

0.33

.26

0.42

.48

0.63

.86

0.68

.70

Labor force as a percent of the civilian population ( the data includes a small percent Of military. personnel). See also footnotes 1, and 3, Table E-1.

Of 2/ See footnote 2., Table E-1. re f if

18\

Source: U.S. Department of Labor, bur of Labor Statistics, C rrent Population, 'Unpublished data.

8

1 C71 CO b
A

ono Table -3

EMPLOYMENT POPULATION RATIO BY AGE,FAMILY INCOME STATU5,RACE,SEX (MAR. 1978r1/

WHITE, MALE PO AGE

14-15

'EMPLOYMENT

POPULATION RATIO

16-17

EMPLOYMENT

POPULATION RATIO

18-19

. EMPLOYMENT

POPULATION RATIO

INCOME SIATUS2V

DISADVANTAGED

NON-DISADVANTAGED

0.14

.17

0.34

.43 °.

9 See footnotes at end of table.

4

1 .

20-21

EMPLOYMEN

22-24

EMPLOYMENT

POPULATION RATIO POPULATION RATIO

0.68

.71

0.78

.82

4

VP.
EMPLOYMENT POPULATION RATIO BY AGE,FAMILY_ COME STATUS,RACX.SEX (MAR. 1978)-Continued

MITE, FEMALE

AGtr.

14-15 16-17 18-19 20-21 22- 24

EMPLOYMENT

,POPULATION RATIO

EMPLOYMENT

POPULATION RATIO,

EMPLOYMENT , POPULATION RATIO

EMPLOYMENT

POPULATION RATIO

EMPLOYMENT

POPULATION RATIO

INCOME STATUS

DISADvANTAGED

NON-DISADVANTAGED

See footnotes at, end

0.16

.19

, 0.28

.38

0.46

.57

,,,0.47

.67

0.48

.74

of table.

- 8'

r

e

1
EMPLOYMENT ()MOTION RATIO BY AGE,FAMILY INCOME STATUS,RACE,SEX (MAR. 1978)-Conti1ued 0

-BLACK, MALE .... AGE

0 14-15 16-17 18-19 ' 20-21 22-24

(7

EMPLOYMENT

POPULATION RATIO

EMPLOYMENT . POPULATION RATIO

EMPLOYMENT

POPULATION RATIO

EMPLOYMENT

POPULATION RATIO

EMPLOYMENT

POPULATION RATIO

INCOME STATUS

DISADVANTAGED

NON-DISADVANTAGED..

See foOtnoteo at end

0.06

.08

0.11

.14

0.35

.39

0.52

.61

0.55

.72

of table.

fl

I

b

P N. 4

0

6

: EP

S
EMPLOYMENT POPULATION RATIO BY AGE,FAMILY INCOME STATUS,RACE,EX (MAR. 1978)-Continued

BLACK, FEMALE

AGE

14-15 16-17 18-19

EMPPOYMENT

POPULATION RATIO

EMPLOYMENT

' POPU ATION RATIO

EMPLOYMENT

POPULATION RATIO t. INCOME STATUS

DISADVANTAGED

NON DISADVANTAGED

See footnotes at end

0.02

.07

0.10

.14 14 0.16

.40

of table.

St

f

Z ;

.*.r. 40.1

re t

20-21

EMPLOYMENT

POPULATION RATIO

22-24

EMPLOYMENT ' POPULATIft RATIO

1..g1 0.45

.80

z

7 Ii

.. .

o k

JV

1 l 7

77 . 00' 7. $

.1 i , +. i'a.

.

p

a, e
111111.25 116 1.4 Dm 1y1
-.5

N4 EMPLOYMENT POPULATION RATIO BY AGE,FAMILY INCOME STATUS,RACE,5EX (MAR. 1978) Continued

OTHER, MALE

AGE

14-15 16-17 18-19 20-21 22-24

EMPLOYMENT

POPULATION RATIO

EMPLOYMENT

POPULATION RATIO

EMPLOYMENT

POPULATION RADIO.

EMPLOYMENT

POPULATION RATIO

EMPLOYMENT

POPULATION RATIO

INCOME STATUS

DISAD'aNTAGED

NON-D: SADVANTAGED

See footnotes at end

0.15

4.4 0.23

.33

0.Z2 0.52 0.69

.73 ;57 .61

of table.

/1.
EMPLOYMENT KgeULATION RATIO BY AG,FAMILY INCOME STATUSAACE,SEMAR. 1978)-Continued

OTHER, FEMALE

AGE

14-15

EMPLOYMENT

-POPULATIOW`RATIO--

16-17

EMPLOYMENT

`POPULATION -RATIO

18-19

EMPLOYMENTPOPULATION RATIO

20-21

J -EMPLOYMENT

POPULATION RATIO

22,-24

-EMPLOYMENT

POPULATION RATIO

INCOME STATUS

DI5ADVANTAGEO----.. .-

NON-OISADVANTAGEO..

-0.00- .02

020

- .26

1/ Data are.nbt adjusted for seasonal variatidns.

2/ See footnotes 2, _and j, Table E/-1.

Source: U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau

0.35 0.53 0.50

.69 .64

of Labor Statistics, Current Population Survey, unpublished data.

n M4

0

0
Table 4

UNEMPLOYMENT *AT BY AGE,FAMILY INCOME STATUS,RACE,SiX (MAR, 1976)1/

_WHITE, MALE

4

IA 14-15 16-17 18-19 20-21 22-24

UNEMPLOYMENT RATE UNEMPLOYMENT RATE UNEMPLOYMENT RATE UNEMPLOYMENT RATE UNEMPLOYMENT RATE

INCOME STATUS?

DISADVANTAGED

HON-DISADVANTAGED..

0.21

.13

0.24

. 17 0.16

.11

0:12

.11

0.11

.08

See footnotes at and of table.

(

.

4

r'

4'
S I - ,UNEMPLOYMERSFAATE BY AGE,FAMILY INCOME STATUS,RACE,SEX (MAR. 1Y, -d)- Continued

'WHITE, FEMALE,

AGE

14-.15. 16-17 18-19

UNEMPLOYMENT RATE UNEMPLOYMENT RATE UNEMPLOYMENT RATE

INCOME STATUS

DISADVANTAGED

HON-DISADVANTAGED

See footnotes at and

0.09

.08

0.23

. 16 0.17

.10

of table.

0

ft

011

20-21 22-24

UNEMPLOYMENT RATE UNEMPLOYMENT RATE

o . a .08'

0.12 . .06

X

r
a.

I - 3

c UNEMPLOYMENT ROTE -BY AGE,FAMILY INCOME STATUS,RACE,SEX (MAR. 1978)-Continued

BLACK, MALE

(

AGE. 14-15 16-17 18-19 20-21 22 -24 UNEMPLOYMENT RATE UNEMPLOYMENT RATE UNEMPLOYMENT RATE

A UNEMPLOYMENT RATE UNEMPLOYMENT RATE

INCOME STATUS

DISADVANTAGED . NON-DISADVANTAGED...

Sub footnotes at end

0.47

.29

0.61

.44

0.36

.31

0.29

.23

0.28

.16' of table.

10,Jr'

111
.77

UNEMPLOYMENT RAM BY AGE,FAMILY INCOME STkfUS,RACE,SEX (MAR. 1978)-Continued

'BLACK, FEMALE

.1

03

AGE

14-15

UNEMPLOYMENT RATE

16-17

UNEMPLOYMENT RATE

18-19

UNEMPLOYMENT RATE

20-21,

0 UNEMPLOMENT RATE

22-24

UNEMPLOYMENT RATE

INCOME STATUS

DISADVANTA ED

NON-DISADV NTAGED..

; 0.67

.30

0.45

.45

10.56

.26

- 0.34 . .12

0.2,3

) .07

See footnotes at end of fable.

4

t

4

if

7

4
UNEMPLOYMENT RATE BY AGE,FAMILY INCOME StATUS,RACE,SEX (MAR. 1978)-Continued

'OTHER, MALE

-1

AGE

14-15

UNEMPLOYMENT RATE

16-17

UNEMPLOYMENT RATE

18-19

UNEMPLOYMENT RATE

20-21

UNEMPLOYMENT RATE

- .

22 -24' UNEMPLOYMENT RATE

INCOME STATUS'

DISADVANTAGED

HON-DISADVANTAGED

0.18

.16

0;07

.15

0.33

.08

'0.15

.16

See footnoteo%at end of table.

L

1

L_

aa

(

4 (

O

1 fi

O

a 4 a
UNEMPLOYMENT RATE BY AGE,FAMILY INCOME STAT115,4ACE,SEX (MAR. 1978)-Continued

OTHER,' FEMALE

AGE

UNEMPLOYMENT RATE UNEMPLOYMENT RATE UNEMPLOYMENT RATE UNEMPLOYMENT RAT

INCOME STATUS.

DISADVANTAGED

NON-DISADVANTAGED..

0.38

1/ Data are not adjusted_for seasonal variations.

2/ See footnotes 2: and 3, Table .E -1. '

0.26

.09

Source: U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics, Current Population S,,rvey, unpublished data.

1

CO0

,

4

1
Table

REASON HILF, litAT WEEK BY AGE,FAt1ILY MOTS STATUS,RACE,SEX (MAR 1978)

W,FOR (WMITE, MALE)

To a1

INCOME STATUS1/

DISADVANTAGED NON-DISADVANTAGED

AGE 6 4-15

'MAJOR ACTIVITY

LAST WEEK

KEEPIIIG HOUSE

Percent '. AT SCHOOL

Percent

UNABLE TO WORg

rercent Other

Percent

16-17

MAJOR ACTIVITY'

LAST WEEK

.NIP

Percent

.KEEPING HOUSE....,

Percent

AT SCHOOL ...... %L

Percent

UHABLE TO WORK

Percent Other

Percent

18-19

MAJOR ACTIVITX,

LAST WEEK

NIU

KEEPING HOUSE

Pqrcent

AT SCHOOL

Percent

)(DIABLE TO WORK :. Percent Other . Pqrcent

See Lotnotes at and

. 5,054

1011..00 2,757,2)6

t00.00

'6,157

100.00

79,520

100.00

1,561

.100.00

5,061

100.00

1,704,126

100.00

3,23

100.Mft.

105,569

100.00

16,668

100.00

1,582

100.00

908,431

100.00

6,496

100.00

116;489

A00.00 ,

- -

3,194

63.21

1,071,969

38:68

1,412

22.94

40,994

51.55

1,561

100.00

3,219

63.59

686,719

40.30

.0. 62,484

59.19

of table.

111

9,181

55.08

1,582

100.00

'333,370

4,534

69.80

58,163 4T3

m

1;859

36.79

1,685,307,

61.12

4,744

77:06

38,525

48.45

1,8iA

36.49

1,017,406

59.70

3,243

100.00

43,085

40.81

7,48t

44.92

575,060

63.30

1.,962

30.20

58,326

50..07
.- - 2 -

...

RECSOH NILFA,LAS1 WEEK BY AGE,FAMILY INCOI.... STATUS,RACE,SEX (MAR. 1978)-Continued

.

:I

U FOR (WHITE, MALE)

I

-, , Total

AGE

20-21

MAJOR ACTIVITY

LAST WEEKP

NO

Percent

KEEPING HOUSE

Percent

ATOCHOOL

Percent

UNABLE TO WORK...

Pe ,cent Other

Percent

22-2i

MAJOR4CTIVITY

LAST WEE,

NI()

Percent ' KEEPING HOUSE

'9Percent

AT SCHOOL

Percent

UNABLE TO WORK...

Percent

Other

Percent . . See footnotes at end of table.

1

INCOME STATUS

, - DISADVANTAGED

'. NON-DISADVANTAGED

75,791

100:40

1,700

100.00

,

37,542

'49.53

-t> 38;2

° 50.4

1,700

100.0e

550,132 210,159 339,972

100.00 38.20 61.80

12,698 5,926 6,773

100.00 46.67 53.33

139,468 67,807 71,661

106.00 48.62 51.38

119,099 54,560 64,539

100.00 45.81 -54.19

3,076 .1,595 1,481

100.06 51.84 48.16

345;061 134,748 210,313

100.00 39.05 60,95

18,685 10,,,054 8,630

100.00 53.81 46.19

159,17ft '82,613 76,563

100.00 51.90 48.10

e. P
4

REASON NILF, LAST WEEK BY AGE,FAMILY INCOOt STATUS,RACE,SEX (MAR. 1978)-Contihued

W FOR (WHITE, FEMALE) 8

jotal

INCOME STATUS

DISADVANTAGED NON DISADVANTAGED

AGE

14-15

MAJOR ACTIVITY

LAST WEEK

A.\

KEE,PING HOUSE 33,631 24,436 9,1195

Percent.

AT SCHOOL

100.00

2,005;506

72.66

'1,00.1,122

27.34

1,604,384

Percent 100.00 38.42 61.58

UNrcent ABLE TO WORK.... 1,547 1,547

PeOther 100.00

78,321

100.00

45,492 32,829

Percent

-16-17

100.00 58.08 41.92

MAJOR ACTIVITY

LAST WEEK

KEEPING HOUSE 158,733 114,325 44,408

Percent . 100.00 72.02 27.98

AT SCHOOL 1,777,237 720,414 1,056,823

Percent. 100.00 40.54 59.46

UNABLE TO WORK... 3,664 1,041 2,623

Percent Other 100.00

81,365

28T41

39,677

71.59

41,689

Percent

18-19

100.00 4,0.76 51.'24

MAJOR ACTIVITY

LAST WEEK

KEEPING HOUSE 407,789 251,798 155,991

Percent . 100.00 61.75 38.25

AT SCHOOL 866,215 327,598 538,667

Percent 100.00 37.82 62.18

UNABLE TO WORK 7,067 1,926 5,140

Parr:ant Other 4 1 100.00

107,879

27.26

47,271

72.74

60,608

Perceq . 100.00 '43.82 56.18

See foototos at end of table. .

tr

\

1
a REASON NILF,,LAST WEEK BY AGE,FAMILY INCOMX,STATUS,RACE,SEX (MAR. 1978)-Continued

W FOR (WHITE, FEMALE) 1 Total

INCOME STATUS

DISADVARTAGED NON - DISADVANTAGED

AGE 1, y 20-21 C.1%, MAJOR CTIVITY t LAST WEEK

KEEPING HOUSE 607,609

Percent 100.00

AT SCHOOL 526,821

Percent 100.00

UNABLE TO WORK 7,073

Percent 100.00 Other 102,496

Percent , 100.00

22-24

MAJOR ACTIVITY

LAST.. WEEK KEEPING HOUSE 1,236,146

Percent 100.00

AT SCHOOL 214,207

. Percent 100.00

UNABLE TO W014 19,752

Percent 100.00 Other 116,893

Percent 100.00

C-- 430,158

70.80

202,826

38.50

3,288

1 46.49

60,290

58.82

l

822,036

66.50

105,312

49.16

7,780

3%.39

71,191

60.90

I

O

177,45

29.2

323,99

41.5

3,38

53.51

42,206

41.18

O

414,110

33.50

108,895

50.84

11,972

60.61

45,702

39.10

See footnotes at and of table.

?

...

li

4'
5 REASON NILF, LAST WEEK BY AGE ,FAMILY MOM STATUS,RACE,SEX (MAR. 1978)-Continued

W FOR (BLACK, MALE)

Total

INCOME STATUS

DISADVANTAGED, HON-DISADVANTAGED.'

AGE

14-15

MAJOR ACTIVITY

LAST WEEK

KEEPIHG HOUSE

Percent

AT SCHOOL..1

Other

PercenA

16,-17

MAJOR ACTIVITY

LAST WEEK

AT SCHOOL

Percent Other

Percent

.18-19

MAJOR ACTIVITY

LAST WEEK

pup

Percent

KEEPIHG HOUSE

'Percent

AT SCHOOL

Percent

UNABLE 10 WORK...

Percent Other

Percent

20-21

MAJOR ACTIVITY

LAST WEEK

NIU

Percent

KEEPIHG HOUSE.

Percent

2,061

100.00

507,346

100.40

13,980

1b0.00

383,570

100.00

34,763

100.00

7,-941 * 100.00

1,843

100.00

186,982

100.00

1.326

100.00

24,161

100.00

7,958

100:00

2,736

100.00

See footnotes at enfi of table.

11 5

2,061

100.00 7

347,073 160,27

68.41 - 31.59

11,826 , 2,154

84.59 15.41

251,174

65.48

25,499

73.35

7,941

100.00

1,843

100.00

124,543

16.61

1,326

100.00

)8, 165

75.19

O

1,.445

18.15 ' 2,736

100.001.

132,396

34.52

9444-*

62,438

33..39

5,996

24.81

0 6,514

.1n 81.85

ee
REASON NILF, LAST WEEK BY AGE,FAMILY mom 'STATUS,RACE,SEOMAR. I978)- Continued

W FOR (BLACK;, MALE)

"Total

INCOMEcSTATUS

DISADVANTAGED NON-DISADVANTAGED

AGE

20.-21

MAJOR ACTIVITY

LAST WEEK

." 4 AT SCHOOL '78,,464 47,554 30,911

Percent: loopo t0.61 p 39.39

UNABLE TO WORK 1,688 ,888

Percent 100.00 100.00

Other 27r322 17,723 , 9,,599

Percent 100.00 64.87 35.13

22-24

MAJOR ACTIVITY

LAV KEK

NIU 36,866 15,419 21,447

Percent 100.00 41.82 58.18

KEEPING NOUSE 1,748 .1,0748

Percent 100.00 100.00

AT SCHOOL N., 55,236 30,334 24,902

Percen 100.00- 5.4.92 45.08-

UNA TO WORK 16,228 12,238

-Per, ent ...... e 100.00 75.41

Other 39,132 25,5/4: 13,558

Percent 100.00 65.35 34.65

E See tootnotk it

. \

q ;

% end of table.

4 1

1

4 1'
- 7

REASON IMF, LAST WEEK BY AGEFAtILY INCOhre STATUS,RACE,SEX (MAO. 1978)2.Continued

W FOR (BLACK, FEMALE)

AGE

14-15

MAJOR ACTIVITY

LAST WEEK

KEEPING HOUSE

Percent.

AT SCHOOL

Percent

UNABLE 'PO WORK...

Mcgt

Percent

16-17'

MAJOR ACTIVITY

LAST WEEK

KEEPING HOUSE

Percent

AT SCHOOL

iStg.qt

Per-Cent

18-19

MAJOR ACTIVITY,

LAST WEEK

KEEPING HOUSE

Percent

AT SCOOL

.(StficeePt

Percent

20=-21

MAJOR ACTIVITY

LAST WEEK

KEEPING HOUSE

Percent

SCHOOL

_lercent

Tptal

IncoE STATUS

DISADVANTAGED NON-DISgDVANTAGED

13,363 12,150 1,213

100.00 90.92 9.08

520,644 389,036 131,607

100.00

2,972

74.72

2,972

25.28

100.00 100.00

7,521 5,888 1,63'2

100.00 78.30 21.70

37,255 36,506 749

100.00 17.99 2.01

409,739 297,882 111;857

100.00 a 72.70 27230

16-7-315 13,308 3;008

100.00 81.57 18.43

- ---117,031 104,02Q 13,012

100.00 88.88 11.12

179,099 .117,131 61,968

100.00 65.40 , 34.60

32,424 24.,S35 8,093

100.00 ii-75.04 24:96

1. \ 4

126,238 108,923 41.315

100.00 '..., 86.28 13.72

107,909 -.'* --....,,,,,,....75,849 32,060

100.00

.... 0.29 29.71

See footnotes at end of tajsle.

1
-a

REASOH,ILF) LAST WEEK BY AGE,FAMILY INCOMr STATUS,RACE,SEX (MAR. 1978)-Continued

,U FOR (BLACK, FEMALE)

Total

INCOME STATUS

DISADVANTAGED NON-DISADVANTAGED

AGE

MAJOR ACTIVITY

LAST WEEK

UNABLE TO WORK...

Percent Other ...... . . . Percent

22-24

MAJOR ACTIVITY

LAST WEEK

KEEPING HOUSE

rcent

AT 'SCHOOL

Percent

UNABLE TO WORK...

Percent Other

Percent

1,49J

100.00

27,153

100.00

192,224

100.00

05,344

100.00

1,416

100.00

17,856

100.00

.k

1,491

t00.00

18,806

69.26

164,708

85.69

27,878

78.88

1,416

100.00

174

100

B,34.7

30.74

27,516

14.31

7,466

21.12

See footnotes a,t,end of table.

y

...

m.
9 - REASON NILF, LAST WEEK BY AGE,FAMILY INCOK. /STATUS,RWCE,SEX (MAR. 1978) Continued

W FOR ( OTHER, MALE)

Total

INCOME STATUS

DISADVANTAGED NON-DISADVANTAGED

AGE

14-15

MAJOR ACTIVITY

LAST WEEK

KEEPING 'HOUSE

Percent

AT SCHOOL

Percent

16-17

MAJOR ACTIVITY

LAST WEEK

AT SCHOOL

Percent

18-19

MAJIA ACTIVITY

LAST WEEK

AT SCHOOL

Percent

Other..

Percent

20-21

MAJOR ACTIVITY

LAST WEEK

H I U Percent.

AT SCHOOL

Percent

Other

Percent

22-24

MAJOR ACTIVITY

. LAST _WEEK

AT SCHOOL

Percent

Other.

Percent

979

100.00

52,632

100.00

51,665

100.00

24,531

100.00

6,157

100.00

1,794

100.00

24,380

100.00

4,208

100.00

14,174

100.00

5,482

100.00

979

100.00

. 41,491

78.83

31,197

60.38

20,316

82.82

3,071

49.87

1,791

100.00

11,012

45.17

2,330

55.37

6,259

44.16

4,599

83.89

21.17

20,468

39.62

40215

17.18

3,086

50.13

13,368

54.83

1,878

44.63

7,915

55.84.

883

16.11

See fOotnotes at end of table.
REASON 1tILF, LAST WEEK BY AGE,'FAMILY KCOMt STATUS,RACE,SEX (MAR. 1978)-Continued

W FOR ( OTHER, FEMALE)

Totsal

INCOME STATUS

DISADVANTAGED NON-DISADVANTAGED . _AGE

14-15

MAJOR ACTIVITY

LAST,WEEK

AT SCHOOL

Percent Other

Peecent

16-17

MAJOR ACTIVITY

LAST WEEK

AT SCHOOL

Pprcpnt Other

Percent

18-19

MAJOR ACTIVITY

LAST 'WEEK

KEEPING. HOUSE...

Percent

AT SCHOOL

Percent Other

Percent

20-21

MAJOR ACTIVITY

LAST WEEK

KEEPING .HOUSE.....

Percent

AT SCHOOL

Percent Other

Per-cant

22-24

MAJOR ACTIVITYLAST WEEK

KEEPING HOUSE

Percent-- .....

67,245

100.00

. 3,255

100.00

40,249

59.86

3,255

100.00

48,667 29-p580

100.00 60!78

1,023 .-' . 1,023

100.00 ' 100..00

13,902 8,730

100.00 62.79

28,876 . 15,350

100.00 53.16

1,662 1,662

100.00. 100.00

7,653 7.,653

100.00 100.00

11,587 8,035

100.00 . 69.3*

969 . 969

100.00 100.00

26,218

100.00

22,146

84.47

fo

26,995

40.14

19,087

39.22

5,173

37.21

13.526

46.84

3,552

30.65

4,071

15.53

See footnotes at a d of table. 1'
REASON NILF, FAST WEEK BY AGE,FAMILY INCOM STATUS,RACE,SEX (MAR. 1978)-Continued

W FOR ( OTHER, FEMALE)

. Total

* INCOME STATUS

. . DISADVANTAGED NON-DISADVANTAGED

?

AGE

22-24 . . MAJOR ACTIVITY

LAST WEEK

AT SCHOOL 6,652 2,094 4,558

Percent 4$ 100.00 1.47

Other 7,290 1,085

468.53

, 4,705

Percent , 100.00 42.32 . . o 57.68

_ Note: is indicate no observations are available from sample data.

1/See footnote 2,. Table E -l.

2/NIU represents observations not in the universe.,

SourCe: U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics, Current

Population Survey, unpublished survey.

.
Table -6

MAJOR OCCUPATION GROUP BY AGE,INCOME STATUS,RACE,SEX (MAR. 1978)

W FOR (WHITE, MALE)

Total

MAJOR OCCUPATION GROUPS

WHITE COtLAR BLUE COLLAR

P SERVICE OTHER NOT WORKING

AGE

14-15 1/

INCOME STATUS--

DISkVANTAGED

Per cant NON-DISADVANTAGED

Percent

16-17

INCOME STATUS

DISADVANTAGED

Percent

'NON-DISADVANTAGED

Percent

1 18-19

INCOME STATUS

DISADVANTAGED

Percent

NON-DISADVANTAGED

0 Percent

20-21

INCOME STATUS

DISADVANTAGED

Percent

HON-DISADVANTAGED

.Percent

22-24

INCOME STATUS

'DISADVANTAGED...:

Percent

HON-DISADVANTAGED

Percent

1,364,119

100.00

2,148,884

100.00

56,816

4.17

147,882

6.88

-62A

4.60

80,506

3.75

55.148

4.04

108,442

5.05

42,195

3.09

46,660

2.17

1,45,789

100.00

2,226,768

100.00

1,279,104

100.00

2,120,560

100.00

1,263,295

100.A0

2,173,490

. loo.po

1,890,013

100.00

2,976,079

100.00

0 50,125

3.72

1694706

7.62

131,262

10.26

254,630

12.01

195,496

15.48

416,087

19.14

452,817

23.96

920,091

30.92

4 23964N

474,977

21.33

513,601

40.15

876,372

41.33

591,343

46.81

1,068,840

49.18

949,196

50.22

1,462,625

49.15

181,003

13.45

358,7E5

16.11

146,696

11.47

265,517

12.52

110,479

8.75

-1 184,446

8.49

133,475

7".06 187,803

31 See footnotes at end of table.

(122

C

53,374

3.97

56,450

2.54

59,506

4.65

50,551

2.38

35,423

2.80

31,496

1.45

66,155

- 3,50

41,457

\1.39

1,147,138

84.09

1,765,394

82.15

821,887 . 61.00

1,166,850

52.40

428,038

33.46

673,490'

31.76

330,554

26.17

472.621

21.74

288,370

15.26

364,104

12.23
g

MAJOR OCCUPATION GROUP BY AGE,INCOME STATUS,RACE,SEX (MAIL 1978)-Continued

W FOR (WHITE, FEMALE)

Total

MAJOR OCCUPATION GROUPS

WHITE COLLAR BLUE COLLAR SERVICE OTHER. NOT WORKING

AGE

14-15

INCOME STATUS

DISADVANTAGED 1,297,304 36,170 6,486 151.,868 15,215 1,087,564

Percent 100400 2.79 .50' 11.71 1.17 83.83

NON-DISADVANTAGED 2,072,699 57,308 12,023 325,916 7,984 1,669,470

Percent 100.00 2.76 .58 15.72 80.55

16-17

,39

INCOME STATUS

DISADVANTAGED 1,383,659 189,278 32,462 203,954 10,778 947,187

Percent 100.00 13.68 2.35 14.74 .78 68.46

NON-DISADVANTAGED. 2,070,338 .307,533 61,161 436,851 21,710 1,243,143

Per.cent 100.00 14.85 2.95 21.10 1.05 60.05

18-19

INCOME St*JU5

DISADVANTAGED 1,431,196 360,239 146,994 237,319 14,553 672,090

Percent 100.00 25.17 10.27 16.58 1.02 46.96

NON-DISADVANTAGED 2,102,802 769,538 146,472 385,684 6,714 794,394

Percerit 100.00 36.60 6:97 18.34 .32 37.78

20-21

INCOME STATUS

DISADVANTAGED 1,523,87 448,701 130,715 217,733 16,103 710,035

Percent 100.00 29.46 8.58 14.29 1.06 46.61

NON-DISADVANTAGED 2,001,71,1 983,594 177,182 270,756 6,333 563,847

Percent 100.00 49.14 8.85 13.53 .32 28.17

22-24

INCOME STATUS

DISADVANTAGED 2,209,189 723,678 09,678 27T,105 17,088 1,021,641

Percent 100.00 32.76 ' 7.68 12.54 .77 46.25

NON-DISADVANTAGED 2,752,816 1,592,197 241,529 324,934 9,803 584,354

Percent 100.00 57.84 8.77 11.80 .36 21.23

See footnotes at'en.t1 of table. $3 )
MAJOR OCCUPAT ON,GROUP BY AGO/INCOME STATUS,RACE,SEX (MAR. 1978)-Continued

W FOR (BLACK, MALE)

AGE

14-15

INCOME STATUS

DISADVANTAGED

Fercerrt- NON-DISADVANTAGED

Percent

16- 17 INCOME STATUS.

DISADVANTAGED

Percent

NON- DISADVANTAGED

Percent

18-19

INCOME STATUS

DISADVANTAGED

Percent

NON-DISADVANTAGED

Percent

20-21

INCOME STATUS

DISADVANTAGED

Percent

NON-DISADVANTAGED

Percent

22-24

INCOME STATUS

DISADVANTAGED

Percent

NON-DISADVANTAGED

,Percent

Total

MAJOR OCCUPATION GROUPS

WHITE COLLAR BLUE COLLAR SERVICE OTHER NOT WORKING

404,895

100.00

182,116

100.00

387,420

100.00

188,498

100.00

158,52Q

100.00

257.T66

100.00

200,351

See footnotes at and of tablii.

1.02,826

100.00

30,010

100.00

,/

5'

1.54

3,835

-2.11

7,792

2%01

16,860

5.03

4,780

3.02

28,481

11:05

25,470

12.71

46,873

'15.48

66,568

20.17

I -7,104

1.75

1,705

.94

25,703

6.63

9,08-9

4.82

90,408

26.95

40,347

25.45

111,309

43.18

92,592

46.22

124,34-6\

41.06

151,601

45.94

17,842

4:41

4,690

2158

,37,834

( 9.77

18,665

9.90

43,860

13.08

25,487

16.08

33,756

13.10

27,148

13.55

35,2'95

11.66

42,222

12.79

p

3,798

2.09

1,867

.48

2,328

1:24

10,994

3.28

2,171

1.37

3,563.

1.38

3,450

1.72

5,200

1.72

3,993

1.21

M

4

el

P 373,699_____

168,087

92.30

314,223

81.11

158,416

84.04

173,311

51.67

85,736

54.09

80,656

31.29

51,690

25.80

91,111

30.09

65,627

19.89

1 9 .
- MAJOR OCCUPATION GROUP BY AGE,INCOME STATUS,RACE,SEX (MAR. 1978)-Continue'd

W FOR (BLACK, FEMALE)

Total

WHITE COLLAR

MAJOR OCCUPATION GROUPS

4

BLUE COLLAR SERVICE OTHER NOT WORKING

AGE

14-15

DISADVANTAGED

Percent

HON-DISADVANTAGED

Percent

16-17

INCOME STATUS 111. DISADVANTAGED

Percent

NON-DISADVANTAGED

Percent

18-19

INCOME STATUS

DISADVANTAGED

Percent. . NON- DISADVANTAGED.

Percent

20-21

INCOME STATUS

DISADVANTAGED.,...

Percent

HON-DISADVANTAGED

Percent

22-24

INCOME STATUS

DISADVANTAGED

Percent

HON-DISADVANTAGED

Percent

432,020

100.00

15.0,113

100.00

425,963

100.00

156,311

100.00.

386,737

100.00

178,767

100.00

397,046

100.00

162,809

100.00

506,650

100.00

237,661

100.00

4,136

.96" 4,186

2.79

N .25,209

5.92

17,723

11.34

30,247

7.82

49,086

27.46

54,808

13.80

65,159

40.02

140,746

' 27.78

142,379

5991

2,985

2,455

1.57

27,492

7.11

17,281

.9.67

44,268

11:15

12,45

75,565

14:91

24,262

10.21

4172

.97

6,743

4.49

26,408

6.20

10.991

7.03

9311

19,631

10.98

75,864

19.11

27,863

17.11

73,133

14.43

30,252

12.73

2,664

.69

1,276

.32

1,632

32

2,751

1.16

423,712

98.08

139,185

92.72

371,360

87.18

125,142

80,06

274,202

70.90

92,769

51.89

220,830

55.62

57,722

35.45

215,574

42.55

'38,018

16.00

See footnotes at end of table.

teLI1 1 `)tiL
-/5 , MAJOR OCCUPAr.J1.1 GROUP BY AGE,INCOME STATUS,RACE,SEX(MAR. 19781-Lc.onti'lnued t_

41.-fOR ( OTHER, MALE)

Total

AGE

111-15 INCOME STATUS

DISADVANTAGED

Percent

NON-DISADVANTAGED

Percent

16-17

INCOME STATUS

DISADVANTAGED

Percent

NON-DISADVANTAGED

Percent

18-19

INCOME STATUS

DISADVANTAGED

Percent

NON-DISADVANTAGED

Percent

20-21

INCOME STATUS

DISADVANTAGED

Percent

NON-DISADVANTAGED

Petc,Int

22 -24 INCOME STATUS

DISADVANTAGED

Percent

NON-DISADVANTAGED

ercent

61 de Se footnotes at end

*Jos OCCUPATION OUPS

WHITE COLLAR BLUE COLLAR" SERVICE OTHER, NOT WORKING

51,899 2,399 2,422 712 2,202 44,164

100.00 4.62. 4.67. 1.37 4.24 85.10

23,088 8,600 1,493 12,994

100.00 37.25 6.47 56.28

' 41,409 384

, . '4,179 2,271 . 2 ,.672 31,904

100.00 .93 10.09 5.48 77.05

33,671 1,531 2,692 7,287

.6.45

22,160

100.00 4.55 8.00 21.64 65.81

41,213 847 11,913 2,907 25,545

100.00 2.06 28.91 7.05 `61.98

34,773

100.00

8,219

23.64

10,159

29.21

. 7,871

2.64

1,223

3.52

7,301

21.00

35,680 5,159 7,503 5,903 1,290 '\ 15,825

100.00 14.46 21.03 16.4 3.62 44.35

46; 950 14,609 17,094' 15,246

100.00 31.12 36.41 32.47

62,196 .14,449 ,29,485 7,087 318 10,858

100.00 23.23 47.41 ,11.39 .51 17-46,

33,832 10,691 12,231 2,111 8,798

100.00 31.60 36.15 6.24 26.01

of table.

-er 407?

.
r

/

- 6

milbooccuphs...mi GROUP BY AGEINCOME STATUS,RACE,SEX (MAR. 1978, contiGed

.14 FOR.( QTHER, FEMALE)

Total

Y MAJOR OCCUPATIO11/0120UPS

WHITE-COLLAR BLUE COLLAR SERVICE OTHER NOT WORKING

AGE

14-15

INCOME STATUS.

DISADVANTAGED...... 45,105

'" 178 44.927 Percent: 100.00 -.39 99.61 NON- DISADVANTAGED. .27,760 '632 27,128 Perdent.

16-17

100.00 2:28 97.72

INCOME STATUS

DISADVANTAGED 45,758 6,060 853 3,456 35,389 Percent 100.00 11?24 1.86 7.55 77.34 NON-DISADVANTAGED. _ 25,966 4,071 2,808 19,087 Percent 101.00 15.68 r 10.81 73.51 18-19

INCOME-STATUS

DISADVANTAGED 44,41 7,287 11,520 25.742 Percent 100.00 16.36 25.86 57.78 NON- DISADVANTAGED. 35,945 9,598 575 2,777 22,995 Percent.. 1.00.00 26.70 1.60 7.73 63.97 20-21

INCOME STA 4JS

DISADVANTAGED __ 45,365 20,647 2,700 4,361 1,000 16,657 Percent 14s1.00 45.51 5.95 9.61 2.20 36.72 NON-DISADVANTAGED. 24.778 13,625 5,796 1,806 3,552 Percent 100.00 54.99 23.39 7.29 14.33 22-24

INCOME STATUS

DISADVANTAGED 85,015 28,866 9,300 15,753 2,249 28,847 Percent 100.00 33.95 10.94 18.53 2.65 ' 33.93 HON- DISADVANTAGED. 42,671 19.523 6,375 3,939 12,835 Percent 100.00 45.75 14.94 9.23 36.08

Note: _'s indicate no observations are- mailable from sample data.

1/ See footnote 2, Table E-1.

4

Source: U.S. Department of LabOr, Bureau of Labor Statistics, Current Population Survey, unpublished data.

I.t./ 9 C-1
ss

Thb le -7

LABOR FORCE STATUS BY AGE,t1ARITAL AND FAMILY STATUS,RACE,SEX (MAR. 1978)1/

FOR (WHITE, MALE)

. FAMILY HEAD WITH

CHILD

WIFE

HEAD

. OF FAMILY e

WITH CHILD

MARRIED, SPOUSE

PRESENT, NO CHILD

CHILD IN

HUSBAND/WIFE

FAMILY

CHILD IN ONEA PARENT FAMILY

. OTHER FAMILY

STATUS

. AGE 4 14-15

EMPLOYMENT STATUS

EMPLOYED

UNEMPLOYED

NOT IN LABOR FORCE

16-17

EMPlOYMEWiTATUS

EMPLOYED

'A .'

--

.

3,929

4,243

53,131

9,881

777

1,865

21,8,225

23,880

9,176

27,052

848,725

60,570

25,628

51,238

.

.4-

.

-

,

--

c' _

-

-

, 3,173

- 16,762

_ 12,375

9,273

9,444

112,710

13,442

12,077

7,800

296,266,

22,674

9,686

29,583

825,734

61,716

37,843

37,151,'

..

. ,

N,

484,576

.69.826

'2,312,923

. 11161,231

228,361

1,472,90ff

-

T 1,393,73Q

190-1'233 830,468

3,632

,1,147,619

.162,264

479,834

3,644

. . 891,143

126,76$'

258,467,

2,22T

-

,

.

54,198

34,823

445,491

194,046

90,849

267.365,

1,561

264,518

46,777

115,534

--

2 10 , 171

44,857

104,602

1,671

219,323

31,119

56,806

.

. -

19,224

2,351

.83,404

<46,817

20,789

73,361 .._.

164%910

48.652

68,520

2,220

216,321

14,082

58,044

5,285

417,236

50,049

73,512

7,931

-UNEMPLOYEDNOT IN LABOR FORCE

MILITARY

18 -19 EMPLOYMENT STATUS

EMPLOYED

UNEMPLOYED - NOT IN LABOR FORCE

MILITARY

20-21

EMPLOYMENT StkTUS

EMPLOYED

UNEMPLOYED

NOT IN LABOR FORCE

MILITARY ' 22-24

EMPLOYMENT STATUS

EMPLOYED

UNEMPLOYED

NOT IN LABOR FORCE

MILITARY

.

.

See footnotes at end of table.

.1
- 7

LABOR FORCE STATUS BY AGE,MARITAL AND FAMILY STATUS,RACE,SEX (MAR. 1978)-Continued

W FOR (WHITE, FEMALE)

' FAMILY HEAD WITH

CHILD

' - WIFE OF FAMILY

HEAD WITH,CHILD

MARRIED, SPOUSE

PRESENT, NO CHILD

- CHILD IN

HUSBAND /WIFE

FAMILY

CHILD IN ONE

PARENT FAMILY

OTHER FAMILY

. STATUS

4

'AGE

14-15

EMPLOYMENT STATUS

EMPLOYED

UNEMPLOYED

NOT IN LABOR FORCE

16-17

EMPLOYMENT STATUS

EMPLOYED

UNEM:LOYED

NOT IN LABOR FORCE

18-19

EMPLOYMENT STATUS

EMPLOYED

UNEMPLOYED

r- NOT IN LABOR FORCE

20-21

EMPLOYMENT STATUS

EMPLOYED

UNEMPLOYED

NOT IN LABOR FARCE

22-24 , EMPLOYMENT STATUS

EMPLOYED

UNEMPLOYED

NOT IN LABOR FORCE

o

-

-

IS'

282

, 2,436

1,419

5,074

. 9,559

3,215

17,546

30,002

13,135

52,358

105,599

13,975

84,558

i -

-

".. 4,414

1,703

6657

1,804

44,336

57,657

36,307

160,613

186,665

34,404

348,781

565,434

85,001

948,809

4,636

883

24,626

24,072

. 6,878

46,264

, 188,461

27,913

136,757

458,076

S 47,362

149,614

927,327

44,414

178,715

.-

.

- 491,414

42,733

2,179,466

915,986

189,422

1,516,552

1,132,510

128,653

821,860

744,453

80,399

462,889

542,363

65,505

162,536

(

.78,323

9,383

451,080

182,669

47,425

318,095

202,502

45,841

143,226

- 166,556

23,101

88566

. 107,010

17,628

52,390

'

.

22,075

- 84,540

%--44,5111

04,623

101,540

171,675

28,560

115,659

273,073

. 17,949

120,802

341,633

35,687

115,133

See footnotes at end of table.

0

-V
LABOR FORCE STATUS BY AGE,MARITAL AND FAMILSY'STATUS,RACE,SEX (MARE 1978)-Continued

W FOR (BLACK, MALE)

FAMILY HEAD WITH,

CHILD

WIFE or FAMILY

HEAD WITH CHILD

MARRIED, SPOUSE

PRESENT, MO CHILD*,

CHILD IN

HUSBAND/WIFE.

FAMILY

CHILD IN ONE

PARENT FAMILY

, OTHER FAMILY

STATUS'

. AGE , 14-15

EMPLOYMENT STATUS

EMPLOYED

UNEMPLOYED

NOT'IN LABOR FORCE

16-17

EMPLOYMENT STATUS

EMPLOYED

UNEMPLOYED

NOT IN LABOR FORCE

18-19

EMPLOYMENT STATUS

EMPLOYED

UNEMPLOYED

NOT IN LABOR FORCE

MILITARY

20-21

EMPLOYMENT STATUS'

EMPLOYED '- UNEMPLOYED..

NOT IN LABOR FORCE

MILITARY

22-24

EMPLOYMENT STATUS

EMPLOYED

UNEMPLOYED

NOT IN LABOR FORCE

MILITARY

-

-

-

.-

-

-

_ -

...

(M

. 1,320

2,012

18,600

4,044

942

82,130

17,879

6,356

16,275

.

,

-

-

-

.

:-

..-

. - , - r

-

. --

-

-

- -

-

-._

-

,

10,748

1,867

8,501

2,211

1,512

11,773

1,870

16,093

4,974

5,511

34,054

1,212

,4,957

6,220

' -.

,

20,000

13,592

259,640

40,770

31-,841

213,709

77,541

40,292

92,818'

- 96,086

45,403

55,744

- 84',877

32,424

37,118

3,944

10,377

,12127

2°10,550

19,069

50,010

154,087

62,616

44,854

. 78,518

2,008

58,771

27,637

43,632

'29,146.

p6,406

28,024

1,610

<.','

, '

-'

, 6,794

' 734

53,197

- 9,432

6,463

50,538

29,585

7,061

41.010'

2,052

45,490

.'7,587

7,143 .

. 71,779

16,966

27.153

2,999

.

.

-,

e footnotes at end of table.

1Q

0
I

LABOR FORCE STATUS BY AGE,MARITAL AND FAMILY STATUS,RACE,SfX (MAR. 1978)-Continued

. W FOR (BLACK, FEMALE)

)

. FAMILY HEAD WITH

'CHILD

WIFE OF FAMILY

HEAD WITH CHILD

MARRIED, SPOUSE

PRESENT, NO CHILD

CHILD IN

HUSBAND/WIFE

FAMILY

CHILD IN ONE

PARENT FAMILY

OTHER FAMILY

STATUS

AGE

14-15

EMPLOYMENT STATUS

EMPLOYED

UNEMPLOYED

NOT IN LABOR FORCE

16-17

EMPLOYMENT STATUS

EMPLOYED

UNEMPLOYED

NOT IN LABOR FORCE

18-19

EMPLOYMENT STATUS

EMPLOYED

UNEMPLOYED

NOT IN LABOR FORCE

20-21

EMPLOYMENT STATUS

EMPLOYED

UNEMPLOYED

NOT IN LABOR FORCE

22-24

EMPLOYMENT STATUS

EMPLOYED

UNEMPLOYED

NOT IN LABOR FORCE,

ee

.

0

.

4

-

.L,

-

8,988

4,464

4,186

1,450

5,223

26,241

3,608

9,339

31,276

6,363

6,532

5,202

244,152

.. 31,606

18.713

187,199

63,378

26,962

143,410

,64,978

17,644

74,671

. 72,831

7,185

31,668

.

7,425.

10,165,

230,382

. , 25,265

27,496

216,902

25,740

37,860

113,129

40,414

25,977

71,494

42,408

9,888,

29,416

r----.., ,

. °

,

4,233

4,077

68,664

8,903'

4,184

52,590

20,771

16,971

37,725

40,720

12,873

21,873

42,230

20,457

32,981

-

- 1,300

. -

- 1,674

4,949

, 9,597

11,565

14,069

10,149

48,048

80,421

26,670

93,555

-

-- , - 1,504

3,075

7,158'

6,589

18;067

12,994

4,231

31,154

. \

8.9,763

12,939

43,971

See footnotes at and oetable.

0
- 5

1 LABOR FORCE STA4S BY AGE,MARITAL AND FAMILY STATUS,RACE,SEXMAR. 1978)-ContinVed

W FOR ( OTHER, MALE)

FAMILY HEAD WITH

CHILD. ----,

WIFE OF FAMILY

HEAD WITH CHILD

. MARRIED, SPOUSE

PRESENT, NO CHILD

.

*4' CHILD IN

HUSBAND/WIFE

. FAMILY ! CHILD IN ONE

PARENT FAMILY

. OTHER FAMILY . STATUS

-- t AGE . 14-15

'EMPLOYMENT STATUS.

EMPLOYED

UNEMPLOYED

NOT IN LABOR FORCE

16-17

EMPLOYMENT STATUS

EMPUIYED

UNEMPLOYED

NOT IN LABOR FORCE

18-19

EMPLOYMENT STATUS

EMPLOYED

NEMPLOYED

T IN LABOR FORCE

20- 1 'E PLOYMENT STATUS

EMPLOYED

UNEMPLOYED

NOT IN LABOR FORCE.

MILITARY

22-24

EMPLOYMENT STATUS

EMPLOYED

UNEMPLOYED

NOT IN LABOR FORCE

-

..4

a

-

-

-

-- 5

-

-

-

-

6

396

2,302

184

1,791

6.207

2,946

.

-

-

-

-

-

--

--

--

-

-

-

-

.

t

-

.

.

.

-

1 -

-.-

-

-

-.

--

-

-

, 4,467

, 2,953

.7,996

155

2,802

'

.

,

. 15,740

2,250

40,566

i ' 17,240

2,686

26,286

30,223

1,695

20.234

. 29,083

3,784

12,342

- 17,647

5,383

6,711

..

.

, -,

-

, -

. -..

77 1,297

5,660

2,363

10,461

1,242

5,671

1,580

. 554

498

3,333

1.722

1,919

.._

. a

,

.

-

.

-

--

2,011

7,386

. 1,125

14,918

4,880

742

5,533

9,624

6,667

' 15,566

4,625

5,042

. See footnotes at end of tattle.

/ 111-

0

ti

1.
t LABOR FORCE tiRTUS BY AGE,MARITAL AND FAMILY STATUS,RACE,SEX (Ma'. 1978)-Continued

W FOR OTHER, FEMALE)

FAMILY HEAD WITH 4

CHILD

WIFE OF FAMILY

HEAD WITH CHILD

. MARRIED, SPOUSE

PRESENT, NO CHILD

,.. CHILD IN

HUSBAND /WIFE

FAMILY

. , CHILD IN ONE

PARENT FAMILY

-\

OTHER FAMILY

STATUS

AGE

14-A5

EMPLOYMENT STATUS

EMPLOYED

UNEMPLOYED

NOT IN LABOR FORCE

16-17

EMPLOYMENT STATUS

EMPLOYED

UNEMPLOYED

HOT IN LABOR FORCE

18-19

EMPLOYMENT STATUS

EMPLOYED ' UNEMPLOYED

NOT IN LABOR FORCE

20-21

EMPLOYMENT STATUS

.EMPLOYED

UNEMPLOYED

NOT IN LABOR FORCE

22-24

EMPLOYMENT STATUS

EMPLOYED

UNEMPLOYED

HOT IN LABOR FORCE

.

.

-

-

-

-

-

- _

-

-

.

., 2,091

3,325

2,431

. . -

' -

.... -,

,, , /174-7 -

-- './,-

-

'

. .4

9,320

1,453

5,509

13,089

7.958

22,112

..

.

. -

. - 956

1,604

- . - 1,986

4,201

-

- 3,585

, 10,483

2,009

5,497

- -

.

. 810

. 1,556

52,805

12,257

3,208

35,835

23,539

,4,779

13,990

21,663

1,532

6,650

171,939

472

5,279

. -

- '

-

__ _ 11,978

1,476

1,986

4,456

2,671

2:745

7,741

1,002

151

2,286

3.949

-

-

t

-

.

.5,717

, '889

616

9,399

334

7,763

12,535

4.785

3,692

. 11,782

1,358

3.977

Note: indicate no observations are available from *s dPle data.

i '1/ Observations across family status Categories may not total 100 percent of the populatbn due to the

construction :of the variable from several survey items. The data are also not adjusted for seasonal variaions. 0. Source: U.S.. Department of Laborie.Bureau of Labor Statistics, Curient Population Survey, unpublished data.

0 14-,
Tab' E-8

LABOR FOk,.,. ..IRTICIPATION RATE BY AGE.MARITAL AND FAMILY STATUS,RACE.SEX (MAR. 1978)1/

WHITE. MALE

AGE

14-15 16-17 18-19 20-21 22 -24 LABOR FORCE

PARTICIPATION RATE

LABOR FORCE

PARTICIPATION RATE

LABOR FORCE

PARTICIPATION RATE

LABOR FORCE

PARTICIPATION RATE

LABOR FORCE

PARTICIPATION RATE

FAMILY HEAD WITH

r # 4.1 CHItD 0:00 1.00 0.99 0.96 0.97

MARRIED. SPOUSE

PRESENT. HO CHILD. .16 .70 v :91 .97 .96

CHILD IN $ HUSBAND/WIFE

..... .19 .44 .66 .73 .80

CHILD IN ONE PARENT

FAMILY. ,17 .52 :413 .71 .82'0/ OTHER FAMILY STATUS. .21 .48 .76 .80 .86

See footnotes at end of table..

e"

t.> _

,"
1,

0

-7

LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION RATE BY AGE,MARITAL AND FAMILY STATUS,RACE,SEX (MAR. 1978)-Continued

WHITE, FEMALE

1

AGE

14-15

LABOR FORCE

PARTICIPATION RATE

16-17

LABOR FORCE.

PARTICIPATION RATE

18-19

LABOR FORCE

PARTICIPAIION RATE

FAMILY W.

. WIFE OF FAMILY HEAD

WITH CHILD

MARRIED, SPOUSE

PRESENT. NO CHILD.

. CHILI) IN - HUSBAND/WIFE

FAMILY . . . . CHILD III ONE PARENT

FAMILY

O'TIIER FAMILY STATUS

1.00

.T2

.18

.20

16 .21

0.43

.16

.40

.42

.42

.35

20-21

LABOR FORCE

PARTICIPATION RATE

22-24

LABOR FORCE

PARTICIPATION RATE

0.42

.37 . .61.

.61

.63

.63

0.45

.39

.77

.64

.68

.71

See foot ' )v.at'end oftabl .

0

LI1 1

r ) LJ 14

A

1

a

0.59

.41

.84

.79

.70

.77
LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION RATE BY AGE,MARITAL AND FAMILY STATUS,RACE,SEX (MAR. 1978)-Continued

BLACX,MALE

AGE

14-15 16-17 18-19

LABOR FORCE

PARTICIPATION RA

'LABOR FORCE

PARTICIPATION RATE

- LABOR FORCE

PARTICIPATION RATE

FAMILY HEAD WITH

CHILD 1.00

MARRIED, SPOUSE

PRESENT, NO CHILD. 0.00- 0.18 .24

CHILD IN

HUSBAND/WIFE

FAMILY .11 .25 .56

CHILD IN ONE PARENT

FAMILY .10 .31 .58

OTHER FAMILY STATUS. .12 .24 .47

20-21

LABOR FORCE

PARTICIPATION RATE

22-24

LABOR FORCE

PARTICIPATION RATE ,

1.00.

.72

4:11

0.94

.88

\.76

.66

.77

See footnotes at and of table.

O

(e151
LABOR FORCE ARTICIRATION RATE BY AGE,MARITAL AND FAMILY STAT1J,IACE,SEX (MAR. 1978)-ContinuedBLACK, FEMALE a

11, AGE

14-15 16-17 18-19 20-21 22-24 ' LABOR FORCE

PARTICIPATION RATE

LABOR FORCE

PARTICIPATION RATE

LABOR FORCE

PARTICIPATION RATE

LABOR k1RCE

PARTICIPATION RATE

LABOR FORCE ' PARTICIPATION RATE

FAMILY HEAD WITH

CHILD 0.00 0.00 0.56 0.54 0.53

WIFE OF FAMILY HEAD

WISH CHILD .33 .43 .36 .70

MARRIED, SPOUSE

PRESENT, HO CHILD,:

COLD IN

.00 .00. .52 .76 .83

HUSBAND/WIFE

FAMILY .05 .21" .39 .53

CHILD IN ONE PARENT

FAMILY .07 .20 ..36 .48 .64

OTHER FAMILY STATUS. .11 .20 .50 .71 .66

See footnotes at end of table.

is"

a

a

1

7
5,-

LABOR FORCE ARTICIPATION RATE BY AGE,MARITAL AND FAMILY SIATUS.AACE,SEX (MAR. 1978)-Continued

OTHER, MALE

AGE

14-15 16-17 18-19

LABOR FORCE

P'ARTICIPAT'ION RATE

LABOR FORCE

PARTICIPATION RATE

LABOR FORCE

PARTICIPATION RATE

FAMILY HEAD WIN.

CHILD

MARRIED, SPOUSE

PRESENT, NO CHILD

CHILD IN

HUSBAND/WIFE

FAMILY

CHILD IN ORk:t1,11,

FAMILY

OTHER FAMILY STATUS.

See footnotes at end

0.31

.20

.21

0.00

.43

.18-\

.07

0:61

.81

.50

of table.

0

ozy

LABOR FORCE

PARTICIPATION RATE

22-24

LABOR FORCE

0

PARTICIPATION RATE

.0.94

1.00

.T3

.24

.59

1.00

.74.

.77

.47

.80
- LABOR FORpEYARTICIPATION RATE BY AGE;MAR11TAL AND FAMILY STATUb;RACE,SEX (MAR. 1978)-Continued

OTHER, FEMALE

AGE

14-15- 117 18-19 20-21 22-24

LABOR FORCE

PARTICIPATION RATE

LABOR FORCE

PARTICIPATION RATE

LABOR FORCE

PARTICIPATION RATE

LABOR FORCE

PARTICIPATION RATE

LABOR FORCE

PARTICIPATION RATE

FAMILY HEM) WITH . Ire CHILD 1.00 0.58

WIFE OF FAMILY HEAD

WITH CHILD 0.00, .21 .49 ,

MARRIED, SPOUSE

PRESENT, NO CHILD. 0.00 1.00 .32 .00 .69

CHILD IN

HUSBAND/WIFE

FAMILY .04 .30 .67 .78 .78

CHILD IN ONE PARENT

FAMILY .00 .44 .41 .87 1.00

QTHER FAMILY STATUS. .00 .14 .04 .82 .77 Note: indicate no observations are available fr4 sample data.

1/ See footnote 1, Table E-7.

Source: De artment of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics, Current Population Sur ey, unpublished data.

41

H0

1/40 I
b14 -9

EMPLOYMENT 1POPULATION RATIO BY AGEMARITAL AND FAMILY SITTUS,RArE,5EX(MAR. 1978)1/

WHITE, MALE

AGE

14-15

EMPLOYMENT

POPULATION RATIO

16-17

EMPLOYMENT

POPULATION RATIO

18-19

EMPLOYMENT 1

POPULATION RATIO

20-21

..EMPLOYMENT

POPULATION RATIO

22-'2'4 EMPLOYMENT

POPULATION RATIO

FAMILY HEAD WITH

CHILD

'MARRIED, SPOUSE,

PRESENT, NO wt.!).

CHILD IN

HUSBAND/WIFE

FAMILY

CHILD IN ONE PARENT

FAMILY

. OTHER FAMILY STA T.l15.

See footnotes at end o table.

0.00

.16

.17

.10

.18

.41

.35

"4,33

.58

.62

.58

0.87

.90

.64,

.58 . .74

0.91

.89

.70

.71

.77"

I

A. k
2 EMPLOYMENT POPULATION RATIO BY AGE.MARITAL AHD FAMIL!,54-AIUS.RACE.SEX (MAN, 1978)-Continued

WHITE. FEMALE

AGE

14-15 16-17 18-19 20-21 22-24

EMPLOYMENT

ULATION RATIO

EMPLOYMENT

POPULATION RATIO

EMPLOYMENT;

POPULATION RATIO

EMPLOYMENT

POPULATION RATIO

EMPLOYMENT

POPULATION RATIO

FAMILY HEAD WITH

CHILD 1.00 0.27 0.32 0.31 0.52

WIFE OF FAMILY HEAD

WITH CHILD .72 .10 .23 4.33 .35

MARRIED, SPOUSE

PRESENT. HO CHILD. .15 .31 .53, .70 .81

CHILD IH

HUSBAND /WIFE

FAMILY .18 .35 .54 .58 .70

CHILD IN ONE PARENT

FAMILY .15 33 .52 .60

OTHER FAMILY STATUS. .21 .26 .54 .66

See footnotes at end of table.

4

4
- 3 ,EMPLOYMENT POPULATION RATIO BY AGE,MARITAL AND FAMILY STATUS,RACE,SEX (MAR. 1978)-Continued

BLACK, MALE

AGE

14-15 16-17 ,418-19 20-21

EMPLOYMENT

POPULATION RATIO'

EMPLOYMENT

POPULATION RATIO

EMPLOYMENT

POPULATION RATIO

' EMPLOYMENT

POPULATION RATIO

FAMILY HEAD WITH

CHILD 1.00 0.82

MARRIED, SPOUSE

. PRESENT, NO CHILD. 0.00 0.00 .14 .76

'CHILD IN

NUS-BAND/WIFE

FAM4Y .07 .14 37 .49

CHILDN ONE PARENT

FAMILY .04 .09 .34 .45

_OTHER FAMILY STATUS. .11 .14 .38 .76-\

See footnotes at end of table.

t-'

H

1 8'',

.4*

r

22-24

EMPLOYMENT

POPULATION RATIO

I

0.77

.85

.55

.35

.62

1

r
4 EMPLOYMENT POPULATION RATIO BY AGE,MARITAL AND FAMILY STATUS,RACE,SEX (MAR. 1978)-Con'tinued

BLACK, FEMALE

AGE

14-15 16-17 18-19 20-21 22 -24

16. EMPLOYMENT

POPULATION RATIO

EMPLOYMENT

POPULATION RATIO

EMPLOYMENT

POPULATION RATIO

EMPLOYMENT

POPULATION RATIO

EMPLOYMENT

POPULAIION RATIO

FAMILY HEAD WITH

CHILD 0.00 0.00 0.19 0.19 0.40

WIFE OF- FAMILY HEAD

WITH CHILD .00 .22 .27 .61 Al MARRIED, SPOUSE ti PRESENT, NO CHILD. '.00 .00 .39 .67 .83 CHILD IN

HUSBAND/WIFE

FAMILY .03 .13 .27 .41 .65

CHILD IN ONE PARENT

FAMILY .03 .09 .15 .29 .52

OTHER FAMILY STATUS. :05) .14 .28 .54 .44

See footnotes at end of table.

ey

I

I

-v
5 EMPLOYMENT POPULATION RATIO BY AGE,MARITAL AND FAMILY STATUS,RACE,SEX (MAR. 1978)-Continued

OTHER, MALE

AGE

14-15 16-17 18-19 20-21 24-24

EMPLOYMENT

POPULATION RATIO

EMPLOYMENT

POPULATION RATIO

EMPLOYMENT

POPULATION RATIO

EMPLOYMENT

POPULATION RATIO

EMPLOYMENT 4 POPULATION RATIO

FAMILY HEAD WITH

CHILD 0.14 0.68

MARRIED, SPOUSE

PRESENT, NO CHILD. 0.00 1.00 .73

CHILD IN

HUSBAND/WIFE

FAMTLY 0.27 .37 0.58' . .64 .59

CHILD IN ONE PARENT

FAMUY .01 .18 .15 .13 .470

OTHER FAMILY STATUS. .21 .07 .44 .59 .62

See footnote-5 at end of table.

1 V

1 t.
- 6

EMPLOYMENT POPULATION RATIO BY AGE,MARITAL AND FAMILY STATUS,RACE,SEX (MAR. 1978)-Continued

OTHER, FEMALE

AGE

14-15 16-17 18-19 20-21 22-24

EMPLOYMENT

POPULATION RATIO POPULATION RATIO

EMPLOYMENT

POPULATION RATIO

EMPLOYMENT

POPULATION RATIO

EMPLOYMENT

POPULATION RATIO

FAMILY HEAD WITH

CHILD

WIFE OF FAMILY HEAD

WITH, CHILD

MARRIED, SPOUSE

PRESENT, NO CHILD

CHILD IN

HUSBAND /WI FE

FAMILY

CHILD IN ONE PARENT

FAMILY

OTHER FAMILY STATUS

0.00

.01 .00

.00

1.00

.24

. 19 .08

0.00

.32

.56

.20

.04

1.00

.21

.00

.73

.87

.60

0.58

.30

.58

.76

.37

.69

Ipte: _Ss indicate no observations

See footnote 1, Table E-7.

are available from sample data.

1 Source: U.S. DepartmeniikLabor, Bureau of Labor Statistics, Current Population Survey, unpublished data.

. tn

r.

t
I

Table 10

UNEMPLOYMENT RATE BY AGE,MARITAL AND FAMILY STATUS,RACE,SEX (MAR. 1978) 1/

WHITE, MALE A AGE, 1:. 14-15

UNEMPLOYMENT RATE

16-17

UNEMPLOYMENT. RATE

18-19

UNEMPLOYMENT RATE

FAMILY HEAD WITH

CHILD

MARRIED, SPOUSE

PRESENT, NO CHILD

CHILD IN

HUSBAND/WIFE

FAMILY

CHILD IN ONE PARENT

FAMILY

OTHER FAMILY STATUS

/

.00

0.00

.43

.16

.32

.31

0.16

.12

. .15 .23

20-21 22-24

UNEMPLOYMENT RATE UlliMPlOYMENT RATE

.... 0.10 0.07

.07 .07 . . 12 1 .12

.18 .12

.08 .11

See footnotes at end of table.

1

r

J

%

\

e. It ,

/

4

''

r

fil

N

..;
- 2

UNEMPLOYMENT RATE BY AGE,MARITAL AND FAMILY STATUS,RACE,SEXAMAR. 1978)-Continued

WHITE, FEMALE a

. . 14-15 16-17

UNEMPLOYMENT RATE UNEMPLOYMENT RATE

FAMILY HEAD WITH

,CHILD c, WIFE OF FAMILY HEAD

0.00 1 0.37

WITH CHILD .00 .21

MARRIED, SPOUSE

a. PRESENT, NO-CHILD. .16 .22

CHILD IN ...---,.. HUSBAND/WIFE.

FAMILY .08 .17

CHILD IN ONEPARENT

FAMILY- :11 .21

OTHER FAMILY STATUS. .00 .27

..... See footnotes at end of table.

4,

.,

NI.

)

. ------..\

t

.0

AGE

18-19 20-21 22-24

.. UNEMPLOYMENT RATE UNEMPLOYMENT RATE 'UNEMPLOYMENT RATE

0.25 0.30 0.12.

.39 .16 ,13

.13 .0% .05

.10 .10 .11

.18 .12 .14

.14 .06 .09

c

9

I

..

\

....---- I 7

,,,

c
3 UNEMPLOYMENT RATE BY AGE,MARITAL AND FAMILY STATUS,RACE,SEX ,(MAR. 1978)-Continued

BLACK, MALE

6.0 AGE

14-15 16-17 18-19 20-21 22-24

UNEMPLOYMENT RATE UNEMPLOYMENT RATE UNEMPLOYMENT RATE UNEMPLOYMENT RATE UNEMPLOYMENT RATE

"FAMILY HEAD WITH

CHILD 0.00 0.18 0.18

MARRIED, SPOUSE

PRESENT. NO CHILD. X* 1.00 10 .41 .24 .03

CHILD IN

HUSBAND/WIFE

FAMILY 40 .44 .34 .32 ° .28

CHILD IN OHE PARENT

FAMILY .54 .72 .42 .32 .47

OTHER FAMILY STATUS. .10 .41 .19 .14 .19

See footnotes at end of table.

C°

4

1 7.
UNEMPLOYMENT RATE BY AGE,MARITAL AND,FAMILY STATUS,RACE,SEX (MAR. 1918)-Continued

BLACK, FEMALE ' 0 II AGE'

14.-15 16- 17 18-19 20-21 22=24

UNEMPLOYMENT RATE UNEMPLOYMENT RATE

. UNEMPLOYMENT RATE UNEMPLOYMENT RATE UNEMPLOYMENT RATE'

. . FAMILY HiAD WITH

CHILD MN Ni 0.66 '0.42 0.25 WIFE OF FAMILY) HEAD

WITH CHILD

MARRIED. SPOUSE,

1,00

- .25 .13

PRESENT, HO CHILD. MN --- X X .26 .12 .00 ' CHILD IN

HUSBkND/WIFE

FAMILY

CHILD IN ONE PARENT

.44 .37 .30 .21 .09,

FAMILY" .58 .52 :60 .39 .19 OTHER FAMILY STATUS. .49 .32 45 .24 .33

See footnotes at end of table.:

re

lEr

e

.40
5 UNEM LOYMENT RATE BY AGE,MARITAL AND FIIILY STATUS,RACE,SEX (MAR. 1978)-Continued

OTHER, MALE

AGE

14-15 16-17 18-19 - 20-21 `22-24

UNEMPLOYMENT RATE UNEMPLOYMENT RATE UNEMPLOYMENT RATE UNEMPLOYMENT RATE UNEMPLOYMENT RATE

FAMILY HEAD WITH

CHILD

0.85 0.32

MARRIED. SPOUSE

PRESENT, HO CHILD. 101 . .00 .02

CHILD - IN HUSBAND/WIFE

FAMILY .13 0.05 .12 .23

CHILD Ili ONE PAREUT

FAMILY .94 .00 .82 .00

OTHER FAMILY STATUS. .00 .00 .13 .00 - .23

Sea footnotes at end of table.

4

O

4. 17I

cit

sr

5

0 1 7,-
- 6 -'

UNEMPLOYMENT lt-xlE BY AGE,MARIIAL AND FAMILY STATUS,RACE,SEX (MAR. 1978)- Continued

OTHER, FEMALE

AGE

14-15 16-17 18-19 20-21' 22-24

UNEMPLOYMENT RATE UNEMPLOYMENT RATE UNEMPLOYMENT RATE UNEMPLOYMENT RATE UNEMPLOYMENT RATE

FAMILY HEAD WITH

CHILD

WIFE OF FAMILY HEAD

WITH CHILD

MARRIED, SPOUSE

PRESENT, NO CHILD

CHILD IN

HUSeAHD/WIFE

FAMILY

CHILD IN ONE eARENT

FAMILY

OTHER FAMILY STATUS

xx66/

xm

mm

0.00

.21

.57

4 it .41 '

.00

.17

.51

.00

0.00

.00

48 xx

.07

.00

.28

0.00

.38

.16

I .t3

.10

if

.

, I Note: 's indicate no observations are available from sample data for the numerator value. ,"'s indicate

4 a denominator of zero value.

44 1/ See f otnote 1, Table; E-7.

SourVU.S. Department of Labor, Pureau of Labor,Statistics, Current Population Reports, unpublished data.

v

' * '

b

.3

4
O Table 1

MAJOR' OCCUPATION' GROUP BY AGE,EMPLOYMENT 5TITU5,RACE,5EX (Mar. 1978)

W FOR (WHITE, WE)

d'

MAJOR OCCUPATION GROUPS

Total

COLLAR BLUE COLLAR SERVICE

3

AGE

14-15

EMPLOYMENT STATUS

EMPLOYED . 557,998 200,270 125,589

Percent' 100.00 35.89 22.51

/50,944

27.05

UNEMPLOYED 107:000 4,493 17,674 12,646

Percent 100.00 4.20 16,52 11.82

NOT IN LABOR FORCE 2,848,006

Percent 100.00

16-17

EMPLOYMENT STATUS

EMPLOYED' 1,41 .998 201,413 641,865 477,601

Percent 1 0.00 14.25 45.43 33.80

UNEMPLOYED 339,999 18,,417 72,513 62,187

Percent? 100.00 5.42 21.33 18.29

not IN LABOR FORCE 1,817,999

Percent 100.00

MILITARY 1,-561

Percent 100.00

18-19

EMPLOYMENT STATUS

EMPLOYED 2**,043,998 366,648

4

211,7 366,180

Percent 100.00 17.94 17.91

UNEMPLOYED

Percent°

0 3"05,999

100.00

19,244

6.29

1787086

58.20

46,032

15.04.

HOT IN LABOR FORCE 1,032,998'

Percent 100.00

MILITARY . 16,668 iI

Porcent 100.0.0 20-21

EMPLOYMENT STATUS

EMPLOYED 2,353,997 566,331 1,460,787 263,253

Percent 100.'4,Q 24.06 62.06 11.18

UNEMPLOYED .302,999- 45,252 199,396 31.,673

Percent 100.00 ,14.93 65.81 10.45-

HOT IN LABOR FORCE 703,998 4 Percent 100.00

MILITARY 75,791

Percent' 100.00

See.footnotes at end.Af t$0144.

Th

OTHER'

1130.4 81,195

14.55

7,660

7.16

92,120

1.52

17,704

5.21

99,283

"4.8 10,775

3.52

63,A27

) -2.70

3,292

1.09

(

NOT WORKING

s -

64,526

60.30

2,848,006.

100.00

169,177

49.76

1,817,999

100.00

1,561

100.00,

51,862'

16.95

1,032098. 4 100.00

16,668,"

'100.00

23,387

7.72

70,3,9"58--"'

v.100.00

.75,791

100.00

L
- 2

MAJOR OCCUPATION GROdP BY AGE,EMPLOYMVIT STATUS,R CE,SEX-Continueb

W FOR (WHITE, MALE)

Total

WHITE COLLAR

AGE

22-24 . EMPLOYMF"T STATUS

EMPLOY EL

Percent

UNEMPLOYED

Percent

HOT INLABOR FORCE

Percent

MILITARY

.Percont

3,836,996

100.00

383,999

100.00

525,998

100.00

119,099

100.00

1,296,561

33.79

76,347

19.68

A, MAJOR OCkyrATION GROUPS

BLUE COLLAR SERVICE OTHER. NOT WORKING

11

'2,151,618 295,405 93,412

56,08 '7.70 2.43

260,202 25,873 14,200 7,376

67.76 6.74 3.70 1.92

525.998

100.00

119,099

100.00

See footnotes at end of table.

9

4`

.1t

1
- 3

MAJOR OCCUPA1.1.WGROUP BY AGE1-EMPLOYMENT STATOS,RACE,SEX-Continun

W FOR (WHITE, FEMALV

Total

MAJOR OCCUPATION GROUPS

WHITE COLLAR BLUE COLLAR SERVICE OTHER. NOT WORK4HG

AGE

14-15

EMPLOYMENT STATUS

EMPLOYED 597,998 91,909 13,547 471,017 21,525

Percent 1 100.00 15.37 2.27 78.77 3.60 lot UNEMPLOYED I-634000 1,569 4,962 6,767 1,672 38,030

Percent `100.00 2.96 9.36 12.77 3.15 71.76

NOT IN LABOR FORCE

Percent

2,719,004

100.00 eN/

2,719,004

loo.ob

16-17

EMPLOYMENT STATUS

EMPLOYED 1,169,998 460,387 82,427 v601,133 26,050

Percent

UNEMPLOYED

100.00

262,999 3r,4

7.05

11,136

51.38

39,672

2.23

6,437 169,330

Percent r. 100.00 13.85 4.23 15.08 2.45 64.38

HOT IN LABOR FORCE 2,021,000

.2,021,000

Percent 100.00

100.00

18-19

EMPLOYM TATO'

1,867,000 1,071,325 252,963 529,494 0 13,217

Percent 100.00 -57.38 211-.34------- --___71 - UNEMPLOYED 277,999: 58,'451 40,503 93,509 8,1350 77,486

Percent 100.00 21.03 14.57 '33.64' 2.90 27.87

HOT IN LABOR FORCE 1,388,999 - N _ 1,388,999

Percent 100.00

- 100.00

20-21

EMPLOYMENT STATUS

,, EMPLOYED 2,048,000 1,332,254 256,712 439,186 19,848

Percent 100.00 65.05 12.53 21.44 .97

UNEMPLOYED 232,999 100,041 51,185 49,303 2,588 29,883

Percent 100.00 42.94 21.97 21.16 1.11 12.83

NOT IN LABOR FORCE 1,243,999

) 1,241,999

Percent 100.00

100.00

22-24

EMPLOYMENT STATUS

EMPLOYED 3,097,007 1 2 194 508 , , 3146,746 532,437 23,317

Percent' 100.00 70.86 JJ 11.20 17.19 .75

See footnotepat end of table.

r

.
- 4

MAJOR OCCUPATION GROUP BY AGE,EMPLO(MENT STATUS,RACE,SEX-Continued

W FOR (WHITE, FEMALE)

Total

WHITE COLLAR

MAJOR OCCUPATION GROUPS

BLUE COLLAR SERVICE OTHER NOT WORKING

e AGE

22-Vo

EMPLOYMENT STATUS

UNEMPLOYED

Percent

NOT IN LABOR FORCE

Percent

'it 277,999

100.00

1,586,999

100.00

121,367,-

43.66

64,461

23.19

09,¢02

25.04

3,575

1.29

'4 18,495

6.83

1,586,999

100.00

See footnotes at end of table.

e.

,

4

. /

18 iJ

S

'TV0

1 6

e,". ex. e , Ae

4**
- 5

MAJOR ItCCUPAT:-4 GROUP BY AGE,EMPLOYMENT STATUS,RACE,SEX-Continym.

GI' FOR (BLACK, MALE)

J

Total

MAJOR OCCUPATION GROUPS

WHITE COLLAR BLUE COLLAR SERVICE OTHER NOT WORKING

AGE

14-15

EMPLOYMENT STATUS

EMPLOYED 4 Percent

UNEMPLOYED

Percent

NOT IN LABOR FORCE

Percent

16-17

37,172

100.00

26,453

100.00

523,187

100.00

10,085

27.13

7,754

20.86

1,055

3.99

'1

15,534

41.79

6,998

26.46

3,798

10.22

la,400

69.56

523,387

100.00

EMPLOYED 69,271 4,601 20,043 42,300 2,328

Percent 100.00 6.64 28.93 61.06 3.36

UNEMPLOYED 88,313 3,192 14,750 14,199 1,867 54,306 / Percent 100.00 3.61 16.70 16.08 2.11 61.49

NOT IN LABOR FORCE 418,333

418,333

Percent 100.00

100.00

18-19

EMPLOYMENT STATUS

EMPLOYED 177,810 15,16§ 102,618 51,253 4,777

Percent 100.00 8.53 57.71 28.82 4.94

.UNEMPLOYED 93,891 6,477 28,136 18,094 4,388 36,794

Percent 100.00 6.90 29.97 19.27 4.67 39.19

NOT IN LABOR FORCE 214,311

214,311

Percent 100.00

100.00

MILITARY. 7,941

7,941

Percenb 100.00

100.00

20 -21 EMPLOYMENT STATUS

EMPLOYED 249,910 44,849 158,842 42,509 3,710

Percent, 100.00 17.95 63.56 17.01 1.48

UNEMPLOYED 89,838 9,102 " 45,660 18,396 '3,304 V3,977

Plarcene 100.00 10.13 50.16 20.48 3.68 `15.56

NOT IN ' 4"OR FORGE 110,411

110,411

Percen% 100.00

100.0'0 MILITARY

Percent

4 7,958

)00.00

7i958

100.00

See fodtnotei at end of table.

.rf
IAJOR OCCUPATION GROUP BY AGE,EMPLOYMENT STATUS,RACE,SEX-Continued

W FOR (BLACK, MALE)

Total

MAJOR OCCUPATION GROUPS

WHITE COLLAR BLUE, COLLAR SERVICE OTHER. NOT.WORKING

AGE

22-24

EMPLOYMENT STATUS

EMPLOYED 380,734 99,256 212;683 61,795 7,00.0

$ Percent 100.00 26.07 55.86 16.23 1.84

UNEMPLOYED 16.2,892 14,186 63,264 15,722 2,193 7;528

Percent 100.00 13.79 61.49 15.28 2.13 7.32

NOT IN LABOR FORCE

Percent

112,344

100.00

112,344

100.00

--MrLITARY 36,866 36,866

Reicent 100.00 100.00

a

Sect fdotnotes at end of t4ble.
0"-

- 7

MAJOR OCCUPAT1oN GROUP'BY AGE,EM PLOYMENT STATUS,RACEAEX-Continued

FOR (BLACK, FEMALE)

Total

MAJOR OCCUPATION GROUPS

WHITE COLLAR BLUE COLLAR SERV OTHER NOT WORKING

AGE A 14-15

EMPLOY' STATUS

EMPLOYtD 18, 191 7,275 10,915

Percent 100.00 40.00

4 60.00

UNEMPLOYED 19,444 1,046 41,398

Percent 100.00 5.38 94.68

HOT IH LABOR FORCE 544,499 544,499

Percent 100.00 100.00

LE-17 4. EMPLOYMENT STATUS

EMPLOYED 65,774 37,757 1,069 26,948

Percent 100.00 57.40 1.63 40.97

UNEMPLOYED 53,191 5,175 4,372 10,451 33,193

Percent 100.00 9.73 8.22 19.65 42.40 NOT IN LABOR FOE 463,309 46.8,309

Percent 100.00 100.00

18-19

EMPLOYMENT STATUS

EMPLOYED 133,470 65,782 26,185 41,503

Percent 100.00 49.29 19.62 31.10

UNEMPLOYED 103,476 13,551 18,58,8 30,261 2,664 38,411

Percent 100.00 13.10 17.96 29.24 2.57 37.12

HOT IN LABOR FORCE 328,559, 328,559 'Percent 100.00 100.00

20-21

EMPLOYMENT STATUS

EMPLOYED 219,812 102,829 36,39.3 8,0,590

Percent 100.00 46.78 16.56 . 36.66

UNEMPLOYED 77,252 17,138 19,940 23,137 1,276- 15,761

Percent ......

NOT IN LABOR FORCE

Percerit

100.00

262,791

100.00

22.18 V,!,111 29.95 1.65 20/40

262,791

100.00

22-24 1

EMPLOYMENT STATUS

EMPLOYED..,./ 417,014 256,722 78,578 78,963. 2,751

Percent 100.00 61.56 18.84 18.94 . .66

See footnotes at end of table.

1"
-8

MAJOR OCCUPATNN GROUP,BY AGE,EMPLOYMENT STATUS,RACE,SEX-Continued

W FOR (BLACK, FEMALE) '

Total

MAJOR OCCUPATION GROUPS

WHITE COLLAR BLUE COLLAR SERVICE OTHER NOT WORKING

2-24

EMPLOYMENT STATUS

UNEMPLOXED

Percent

' NOT IN LABOR FORCE

Percent

80,457

100.00

246,80

100.00

26;403

32.82

21,249

26.41-.1J

e, 24,422

30.35'

1s,532

2.03

.6,752

8.39

246,840

.400.00

See ootnotes at end of table.

1 (4(.1r,

a

9
.

9 MAJOR OCCUPATION GROUP BY AGE,EMPLOYMEtIT STATUS,kACE,SEX-Continued

W FOR 4. OTHER, MALE)

Total

MAJOti OCCUPATION GROUPS

WHITE COLLAR 'BLUE COLT SERVICE OTHER. NOT WORKING

AGE

14-15'

EMPLOYMENT STATUS

EMPLOYED

Percent

UNEMPLOYED'

Percent

NOT IH LABOR FORCE

17.828

100.00'

3,547

100.00

53,612

110,999

61.69

3.915

21.96

712

4.00

2.202

12.2

/ 3,547

100.00

53,612

16-17

EMPLOYMENT STATUS

EMPLOYED 20,728 1,915 6,583 9,558 ' 2,672

Perodnt 100.00 9:24, 31.76 46.,11 A. 12.89

UNEMPLOYED 2,686 288 2,399

Percent' 100.00 10.70 89.30

NOT IN LABOR FORCE 51,665 '1.51,665

Percent 100.00 100.00

18-19

EMPLOYMENT STATUS

EMPLOYED 37,189 6,893 18,295 10,778 1.223

Percent 100.00 18.53 49.20 28.98 3.29

UNEMPLOYED 8,109 2,173 3,777 2,159

Percent 100.00 26.80 46.58 26.62

NOT IN LABOR FORCE 30,688 30,688

Percent 100.00 100.00

20-21

EMPLOYMENT STATUS

EMPLOYED 44,089 18,55 18,965 5,299 1.290

Percent 100.00 42.04 43.02 12.02 2.3.3 UNEMPLOYED 8,161 1,233 5,632 604 692

Percent 100.00 15.11 69.01 7.40 8.47

NOT 1p LABOR FORCE 28,589 28,589

Percent 100.00 100.00

MILITARY 1,791 1,791

Percent..., 100.00 100.00

See footnotes at end of table.

I
MAJOR OCCUPATION GROUP BY AGE,EMOIOYMENT STATUS,RACE,SEX7Continued

W FOR ( OTHER, MALE)

I Total

63,265

100.00

13,108

106.00

19,656

100.00

WHITE COLLAR

23,201

36.67

1,940

14.80

BLUE'COLLAR

32,093

50.73

9,623

73.41

_ . 44,

MAJOR OCCUPATION GROUPS,

SERVICE

7,971

12.60

1,227

9.36

OTHER

318'

2.643

AGE

.22-24

EMPLOYMENT STATUS

EMPLOYED

Percent

UNEMPLOYED

Percent.

NOT IN LABOR FORCE

Percent

NOT WORKING

19,656

.See footnotes attend off

1--. O

N 2u

lor
MAJOR,OCCOPATIOfl GiOUPAIY,`)\GE,EMPLOYMENT SitAlUS,RACE,SEX-Continued ' W FOR OTHER, FEMALE)

Total ;2

MAJOR OCCUPNTION GROUPS *; ' WHITE COLLAR- BLUE-COLLAR ~ SERVICE -OTHER

AGE \

14-15 -

EMPLOYMENT STATUS

EMPLOYED

Percent

UNEMPLOYED r. 'Percent NOT IN LABOR FORCE..

Tercent .....

14-17

EMPLOYMENT STATUS

EMPLOYED

Percent

UNEMPLOYED

%, Percent

NOT FN LABOR FORCE.

Percent

. 18-19

EMPLOYMENT STATUS

EMPLOYED

Iter Percent

UNEMPLOYED

Percent.'

'NOT IN LABOR FORCE

Percent

20-21

EMPLOYMENT STATUS

EMPLOYED

Percent

UNEMPLOYED

Percent

NOT IN LABOR FORCE

Percent

22-24

EMPLOYMENT STATUS

EMPLOYED

Percent

440

100.04

1,55t

100.04

70,499

100.00

. . 16,226

100.00

5r809

100.00

49,690

100.00

28,530

100.00

7,524

100.00

44,440

100.00

41,187

100:00

e; 7

100.00

44.

20,208

100.00

69,985

100.00

178

9008-

56.13

1,023

17.61

16,067

56.32

818

10.87

p.023

,75.32

3,249

37.14

44,091

63.40

."\

J

1.

853

5.26

575

2.02

3,364

8-.17 5,132

58.66

12,9'06

18.44

632

78.05

6,264

38.61

11,887.

41.67

2,410

. 32.03

5,800

14.08

367

4.20

10,739

15.34

1

4-

V./

1,000

2.43

2,249

3.21

NOT WORKING

See footnotes at end of table.

a 0

a

L

f 1

ip,556

100.00

70,499

100.00

1 4,786

82.39

49,690

100.00

4,296

57.10

'44 p 100.00

20,208

100.00
6

4 0

MAJOR OCCUPATION GROUP BY AGE,§MPLOYMENT STATUS,RACE,SEX-Continued

W FOR OTHER., FEMALE)

Total

MAJOR OCCUPATION GROUPS

WHITE COLLAR BLUE COLLAR SERVICE OTHER

4 NOT WORKING

AGE

22-24

EMPLOYMENT STATUS

UNEMPLOYED 17,542 4,299 , 2,769 8,953 tc, 1,522

Percent . 100.00 . 24.50 15.78 51:04 8.68

NOT IN LABOR FORCE 40,459 40.159

Percent 100.00 180.00

Note: indicate'no observations are available from sample ata.

4

Sour6e: U,S. Department of,Labor, Bureau of Labor Sitistics, Current Population Stirvey, unSublished data.

Po

2u4

4

,

K
' Section F. Crime and D inquency atus

J

Definitions

Table 1: ,Percent Distribution of Persons Under 18 , Arrested by Age and Type of Offense:

1968, 1973 A 197,8

Table 2i Percent of Persons Under 18 Arrested for

Part. X,Offenses by Age in Cities, Ntburban

and Rural Areas: 1969 & 1978 138

Number and Percerft of Persons Under 18

Arrested by Race and Type of Offense:

1969, 1975\&'1978

Table 4: Percent Distribution of Persons Under 18 -k.7

Arrested by Sex and Offense Charged:

1974 &.1978 141

Table 3:

Page,

134

136' s

139

Figure li Proportion of All Arrests Uncap; 18 For f

,1 Part I Offenses by Sex & Crime: 1974 & 1978 142

Table' 5: Estimated Number of Delinquency Cases

Processed Nationally Through Intake and

Juvenile Courts By Type of Court: 1967-1976- 143

*is Tabli 6: Estimated Number and Rate of Delinque*y

Cases Processed Nationally Through Intake

and_.auvenile Courts by Sex 1967-1976 , , 144

Figure 2: Estimatig*Percent of Juveni Delinquency

Cases Processed Nationally Through Intake

a1d Juvenile COurtsby Sc 1967-1976

L

0

145'

133
DEFINITIONS

Part I Offenses,alsp knoln aslthe Crime Index,'are those'which.:.

have been selected because of their seriousness, frequency of

occurence, and likelihood of being reported to the police. They

are divided iiato two categories which are as follows:

Violent Crimes

Murder and Nonnegligent Manslaughter--the willful (nonnegligent)

killing of one human being by another. 'Excludes deaths caused by

negligence, attempts to kill, assaultp to kill, suicides,

accidental deaths, and justifiable homicides. .' . Forcible Rape- -the carnal knowledge of a female forcibly and

against her will, including rapes by force and attempts or

assaults to rape. Excludes: statuto*y offenses.

Robberythe taking or attempting to take anything of value

from the care, custody, or control of 4 *person or nersons by

force or threat of force or violence oO by putting the victim

in fear.

a Aggravated Assault--an unlawful attack by one person upon another

for the ournose of inflicting severe or aggravated bodily injury- -

.usually accompanied by the use of a weapon or by means likely

to produce death or great bodily ham. Excludes: simple assaults.

Property CiFimes

BurglaryBreaking or'Entering (B & E)77.the,unlaw.ful entry or

attempted entry of a structure to commit a felony or a theft.

Larceny- -Theft (except mdtor vehicle theft)--the unlawful taking,

carrying, leading, or riding away of pionerty from the possession

or. constructive nossession of anqther. Attempted larcenies are

included.

Motgr Vehicle Theft--the theft or attemnted theft of a motdr

vehicle which is self - propelled and runs on the surfaCe and not

on rails. Excludes: motorboats, construction equipment,

airi?lanes, and farming equinment..,-

, Note: Manslaughter by negligence is a Part I crime'but is not

included in the Crime Index in 1978. In all,other years,

.4A. it,has been included In the Crime Index but omitted fFom

the violent category 'total. Arson vasdesignated as a

Part I crime in October, 1978,; howeVer, data collection

'did not commence until 1979.

5 .

.

, .

, Part II Offe4.61-s-inpludes all crimes except those classified as

Part hand traffic violations. --A

,,,. , c Status ffenses is.a combination of Curfew and Loitering LaWs

an away crimes, see below: r r \

Curfew and Loitering Laws -- offenses relating to4iolations of

raaal curfew or loitering ordinances where such laws exist.

Runaway--limited to juveniles taken into protective custody

under Provitsions of local statutes. f 134

/

f

1

, /16 20"," -;

i
1

Cities--are those outside SMSAs, most of which are incorporated.

Suburban--are areas whiqtconsists of cities with populations

less tnan 50,000 together with counties which are within an SMSA1

Excludes: major core city. . Rural Areas--are made up of the unincorporated portions of counties

outside urban places and SMSAs.

Juvenile Court--all courts wing jurisdiction in children's cases,

separate or independent juven'le courts as well as orobate, domestic

relations, etc., in which juvenile jurisdiction has been placed.

Juvenile Delinquency Cases--those referred for acts defined in the

statutes of the State as a violation of a State law or municipal

ordinance by children or youth of juvenile court age qr for antisocial

conduct which may interfere 1with the rights of others or menace the

welfare of the delinquent himself or of, the communiity. Includes :

conduct which violate$ the 1.aw only when committed by children.

Excludes: ordinary traffic cases handled by juvenile courts except

were those cases are adjudicated as "juvenile delinquency" cases

and reported as such.

The Unit of Count or Number--a case actually disposed of by a court.

Such a case is counted each tiMe,ia child is referred to court during

a year on a new referral in delinquency, dependency, neglect, or in

special proceeding. Referrals for alleged or adjudged delinquency

cases are included.

. Type of Court--determined by the percentage of thespopulation it

'serves that lives in urban areas based on Census Bureau Definition

in the 1p70 decennial: Urban Courts--70% or more

Semi-urban courts--30%-69%

Rural Courts--under 30%.

Source: FBI, Uniform Crime Report, 1978.

:Juvenile Court.Statistics, 19'74.

V.

H 6

4 2 ,

44

4

135
.16

Table P-1

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION OF P ONS UNDER 18

ARRESTED BY ACE AND TYPE OF OFFENSE

(1968, 1973 & 1978 . 0

' Offense

. By Age 1968 1973 / 1978 1968-1978

Z Change 'TOTAL -ALL AGES ALL CRIMES-Under 18

IQ & Under

11-12

13-14

15

16 ' 17

5,616,839

1,457,078

5.5 9.1 24.1

19.0 21.51

20.8

6,499,864

1,717,386

4.;

7.9< 23.7 19.6

23.4 21.2

9,775,087

2,279:365

3.5

6.7 21.8

19.0 ,23.8

V.3

74.0 56.4

-2.0 -2.4

-2.3 0.0)

2.3

4.8 PART I OFFENSES 511,016 613,824 878,770 72.0 A

10 & Under 6.6 5.0 4.1 -2.5

11-12 12.0 10.4 8.7 -3.3 13-14 27.7 26.7 25.3 -2.4

15 18.8 19.3 19.7 0'.9 16 18.8 20.9 21.5 2.7

17 16.1 17.8 20.7 4.6 1

Violent Crimes 44,502 6?,913 95,593 117.0 r 10 & Under 3.1 2.4 kJ -1..4 11-12 8.3 6.7 5.3 -3.0 13-14 22.3 21.6 .20:1 -2.2

15 18.0 18.9 19.2 1.2

16 22.6 24.5 25.1 2.5

17

ire 25.7 25.9 28.5 2.8 ProRerty Crimes 466,720 547,548 1 783,177 67.8 10 & Under 6.9 5.3 4.4 -2.5 11Al2 _12.4 10.8 9.1 -3.3 23-14 28A2 27.3 25.9 -2.3

15 18.9 19.3 19.8 0.9

16 18.5 20.4 21.1 2:6

17 , 15.2 1 16.8 at 19.7 4.5 Pax 'II OFFENSES 946,062 1,103,542 1,400,595 1.0*

10)6 Under 5.0 3.8 3.1 -1.9

11 -12 , 7.5 6.6 5.4 Z -2.1 13-14 22.2 21.9 "14.6 -2.6

19.1 19.8 18.5 -0.6 ,-_,23.0 24.8 25.2 2;2

23.3 23.1 28.2 4.9 4 P 1S1atus Offenses 247,282 296,436 251,845 1.8 IlUnder 2.6 2.0 2:0 . -0.6

114 2 5.6 5.8 5.6 0.0 13-14 25.6 - e 27.7 28.3 . 2.7

15 23.6 25.2 25.8 -..,..,

. 2 2

16 26.2 27.3' 24.6 ., fi, 1. 17 16.4 12.0 13.6 -2.

' , (Note: Percents may not total 100dus to roypding.

Source: FBI, Uniform Crime Reports,1968, 1973, and 1978. .

2(

CoAtinued

136
4

VIP

I

Tab le F -i, Continued

The total number of arrests for all ages increased 742 from 1968 -1978.

By 1978; approximately 23Zof all arrests.s were under age 18, down 32 from

1968. The prime age for all crimes charged against persons under 18 vas

13-14 in 1968; 13-14 and 16 in 1973; and 17 in 1978. The rate of 17 year

olds arrested increased 52 from 1968.

In 1978, 392 (878,770) of all persons under 18 were arrested for Part I

Offenses--up 42 since 1968. The priMa age was 13-14-Adown 22 since 1968;

arrests for 17 year olds increased 52 since 1968.

Of the Part I Offenses, violent crimes rose 2% from 1968 to'll% (95,593).

The prine age was 17--up 32 from 1968. Therata of arrests for lb'year olds

also increased 32 from 1968. However, the bulk, 902 (781,1774 of Part I

arrests we 're for propertY_crImes--down 12 since 1968. The prim age was

13-14--down 22 from 1968. Arrests increased for ages 15, 16, and 17:

0.9r, 31, and 52 respectively.

Part_II Offenses in'1978 accounted for 615 (1,400,595) of all those ar rested

under 18--down 42 since 1968. The prima age was 17--up 52 from 1968. The rate of arrests for 16 year olds also increased 22.

Arrests for Status Offenses were focussed only on persons under 18. These

arrests reached their peak i 1973 at 272 (296,436) of III Part II Offenses.

By 1978, status offenses declined 92. The prime age was 13-14--u from

/968. Persons 15 and 16 years old were also frequently arrested for

this category: up .42 and down 22;respectively,since 1968.

Note: The above percents have been rounded.

d't 137

p1

/ID
Table F-2

PERCENT OF PERSONS UNDER 18 ARRESTED by AGE IN CITIES,

SUBURhAN, AND RURAL AREAS: l'969 i 1978

. Age and Offense Charged

Cities Suburban 1 Rural - 1969 197E- I CO 1969 1910 z ci 1969 1978 Z 014, Total Under 18

Part I Offenses

.

...

.

r

...

.

1,307,850

469,117

6.3

12.0

28.5 . 19.6

18.3 15.3 44,234

2.9

7.7 22.7

318.9 22.9

' 24.8 424,693

6.6

29.1

19. 17.8,

14.3 \,

\

1,806,370'

699,288

4.4

9.2 25.8 19.6

21.1 19.9

71,984

1.8

5.4 20.1 19.3

25.1 25.1 627,304

4.7 9.7

26.5

19.7 20.6 18.8

38.1 49.1 -1.9

-2ti8 -2.7 0.0

2.8

4.6t" 62.7

-1.1,

-2.3

-2.6 ' 0.4

2.2. 0.3 47.7*

-1.9

,-,2.8

-1,6

. 0.1 2.8 4.5

389,2324

11148015 6.1 11.2 27.8

19.7 . 1,9.1 6.9',.

6,423

2.9

6.1'4 19.3

, 17.9

24.5 ' 29.4 112,324

. 6.3 .11.5

28.3 v 19:8'

19.0 ,,, ,'15.1

892,960

'321,769 3.9 - 8.2

25,.2 20.2

21.9

20.6

=33,319

1.8 5.3

20.4 19.2 ' 5.0

28.3

288,190

. 4.1 8.5

25.8, 20.4

,21.6

20.4

129.4

170.8

,-2.2

0 --3.0 -2.6

0.5

2.6 4.7 422.8

-1.1 -0.8

1.1

'1.3 0.5

-1.1 156.6

"-2.2 '--3.0

-2.5 9.6

2.6

5.3

64,588

19,374

3.0

6.1 19.1 19.3 25.9

26.6

871

1 1.3 2.3

9.1 16.1 28.5 42.8

18,476

3.1 6.3

19.6

19.5 25.8 250

; .

127,361

42,003

2.5

5.5 19.1

18.7 25.0

29.1 3,048

1.5 2.9 11.5

14.0

27.9 42.1

38,995

2.6 5.7 19.9 19.0

24.7

28.1

97.2

116.8 -0.5

-0.6

0.0

-0.6

-0.9

2.5

250.0

0.2 0.6

2.4

-2.1 -0.6

-0,7

111.1 -0.5

-0.6

0.3-....

-0.5

-1.1

2.4

10 6 Under1.-12 13-14

15

-16 17 Violent Crimes

10 6 Under

11-12

13-14 1\

15 16

,17

Property Crimes

' 10 6 Under

.11-12 , 13-14

15

z

. 16

17Source: FBI, Uniform Crime Reports', 1969 an d 1978. Note:Agfrcents may not total 100 due to rounding)

, The arrest rates Of all persons under 18 for Part I Offenses rose 3%0In cities, 6% in suburbs, and 3% in rural areas.

The prime age arrested was 13-14 In cities 09%) and suburbs (28%), each 4edreasing°3/by 1978. By 1978, arrests

of li year olds increased 5% in cities (20%) and suburbs (21%) from 1969. In rural areas, the pri&e age arrested

was 17, up 3% from 1969. Sixteen year olds were also frequently arrested (252), doWn 0.9% from 1969. . Arrests for4601ent crimes Increased in each area: 0.9% in cities, 5% in suburbs, and 3% in alibi. The prime

age arreatednias 17, up 0.32 in cities, down 12 in suburbs and drown 0.72 in rural areas. While nearly half (422)

of the violegt crimes were charged against 1/ year olds in.rdra1 areas, 16 year olds were also frequently arrested

(28%), down 0.6% from 1969. They were also arrested more deg In cities and aUbdrb#, up 2% and 0.52 respecttyely.

Approximikely 90%of all Part I arrests were for property crimes in each area. The prise age was 43-14 (27%) in cities, down 3%; 13-14 (25%) in suburbs, down 3%, and age 17 (282) in rurakaread, up 2% from 1969. ArreapitrAte for 17 year ' olds Increased 5I In cities and suburbs from 1969. (Percents hwie,been rounded.)

21.&

4.
Offense Charxed _________

White

1969 Black

Total Under 18

Percent PART 1 OFFENSES

Violent Crimes

14) 110 19

(72.2)

312,160

(63.0)

13,830

(34.0)

368,257

(25.8)

173,080

(14.9) 26.076

(64.1)

Murder 6 Nonnegl1g9nt

Manslaughter 234 730

(21.5) (73.41

Forcible Rape 1,022 1,616

(38.1) (60.2)

( Robbery 5,085 15.49!

(24.3) (74.0)

'Aggravated Assault 7,489, 8.238

(46.7) (51.4)

Property Crimes 298,152 146,955

(65.6) (32.3)

Burglary - -R 6 E 841953 44.452

(64.6 (33.16) Larceny- -theft 169,201 79,377

(66.8) (31.91

Motor vehicle theft 43,998 23.44

'(63.4) (33.8)

PART 11 OFFENSES 718,079 915,177

(77.03 (20.9)

. Status Offense,. 208.621 41,628

..A119.41 _ (16.Q)

SOURCE: FBI, UulLucai_Gl(ftb_Heltogrit3.

Table F-1

NUMBER AND PERCENT OF PERSONS UNOER 18

ARRESTED OY RACE AND lYPE OF OFFENSE

(1969, 1975 6 1978)

1975

Other Wilte Black Other

29,136 1,514,941 433,820 38,367

(2.0) (76.2) (21.8) (1.9)

9,988

(2.0)

752 (1.8)

514,049

(68.9)

33.142

(45.7)

224,742

(290)

38,006

(52.4)

31 614 793 C1.1 (42.9) "(55.5)

37 (1.7) I (46.6)

1,620

372 12.10

(1.8) I (35.1)

1.766

(50.8)

22,809

(63.0)

302 18,198 12,618

(1.9) (57.9) (40.2)

9,226

(2.0)

2,419

(1.8)

4.870

(2.0)

1,937

(2.8)

.... 19 48 980,892 204.078 28,126 1,102,985 259,939 30,080

( .1) (80.9) 7.2) (2.3) (79.2) (18.7) (2.2)

160.599 186,691

(71.1) (26.6)

' 161,127

(72.0)

58,396

`A./

(26.1)

1 293,503 114 31 (70.5) (27.5)

. . 45,969 .664. (74.8) (22.2)

1978

White Black Other

1,685,854 525,628 56,835

(74.0 (23.2) (2.5)

15,862 582,869 265.689\\ 26,755

(2.0) (66.6) (30.4) (3.1)

1,381 42,404 49,596 3,451

(1.9) (44.4) (52.0) (3.6) 23 821 830 81 (1.6) (47.4) (47.9) (4.7) 90 1,914 2.4 133

(2.6) (42.5) (54.

1

(3.0)

4 682. 14.672 31,418 1,915

(1.9) (30.6) (65.4) (4.0) 586 24,997 14,894 1,322

(1.9) (60.7) (36.1) (3.2)

14,472 540,465 216,093 23,304

(2.1) (69.3) (27.7) (3.0)

4,201 176,327 65,715 7,411

(1.9). (70.7) (26.3) (3.0)

8,433 K.'-..-.106.653 134.063 12,677

(2.0) (67.6) (29.6) (2.8)

1,838 57,485 16,313 3,216

(3.0) (74.6) (21.2) (4.2)

, ( ,286 244,032 47,313 6,136 206,518 ;0.363 5,915

.12.20 __: (82.0) 115.9 _(2.1) (82.3) (15.0 2.4)

(Note: Percents may not total 100 due to rounding.

1969, 1975, and 1978. .

a 21

Continued
,o Table\F-3, Continued

"o The total number of arrests for all crimes charged against p'ersons

under 18 rose 64 for Whites, 43% forBlacks, and'95% for Others;

propor ionately,'total arrests for Blacks decreased 2.6% over the

ten r peiod.

, By 1978, approximately 67% of all persons arrested for Part I Offenses

were,White, an increase of 4% since 1969. The rate of Blacks arrested

decreased 5%.

Of all arrests for Fart I Offensed in 1969, Blacks were arrested more

often for violent crimes -64% (26076)--than any other race: murder-73%,

forcible rape--60%,,robbery 74%, rand aggravated assault --51%. Eves though

there was a 12% decrease in the rate of Blacks arrested for all violent

crimes by 1978? they continued to be arrested at f higher rate in each

category'except fdtaggravated assault-which was 617. White.

About 59% of all Blacks arrested for violent crimes were charged with

robbery.

. The peak year for arrests'of 411 property crimes was 1978. Approximately

69% of all arrests were White, up 4% from 1969.

Over the ten year period, all races were arrested more often for larceny

theft than any other property crime--Whites accounted for 306,653 (68%);

Blacks--134,065 (30%); and Other--12,677 (3%).

In 1978, 79% of all Part II Offehses were. charged against 'Whites, up 2%

)- from 1969.

Whites accountedifor approximately 80% of all status 0 fene arrests in

1969, 1975, and 1978.

Note: Above percents have been rounded.

4

Jo"

a

9

140
Table F-4

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION OF PERSONS UNDER 18

- ARRESTED BY SEX AND OFFENSE CHARGED

(1974 & 1978)

'Offense Charged

Males Females

1974 1978 % CH 1974 178 % aiii

, , \ Total--All Offenses 1,497,831 1,342,821 -10.3 407;271 368,258 -'9.6

Percent (100.0) (Imo) (100.0) (100.0.

-v, PART I OFFENSES 586,039 542,144 - 7*.5 131055 126,415 - 4,1

).. (40.4) (1.3) (32.4) (34.3) .(14)

Violent Crimes 60,194 55,606 - 7.6 6,937. 6,A61 1-6.9

(10.3) (10.3) (0.0) (5.3) (5.1) (- 0.1)

Murder & Nonnegligent 1.4 ,.. Manslaugh er 0.2 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 /.0.0

Forcible e 0.6 0.6 as. OtO 0.0 0.0 '''' 0-.0 Robbery 5.3' 4.9 - 0.4 1.7 1.5 - 0.2

Aggravated'Assault I 4:1 4.6 0.5 3.4 3.4 0.0

Property Crimes 525,845 486,358 - 7.5 124,918 119;954 - 4.0

/ (89.7) (89.7) (0.0) (94.7) ,(94.9) (0.2)

- / Burglary .

. Larceny- -theft

32.5

46.9

32.5

47.6

0.0

0.7

/

/ 8.183.3

9.1

81.2

1.0

- 2.1

Motor vehicle theft 10.3 9.6 - 0.7 3.3 '4.6 1.3

. . PART II OFFENSES 911,792 800,677 -12.2 275,416 241,843 -12.2

(60.9) (59.6) ( -'1.3) (67.6) (65.7) (- 1.9)

Status Offenses 18.9 13.8 - 5.1 44.6 39.1 '- 5.5

(Note: Percents may not total 100 due to rounding.)

SOURCE: FBt, Uniform Crime Report, 1978.

By 1978, the total number (1,711,079) Of persons arrested under 18 decreased 10.2%

from 1974--approximately 81% (1,342,821)* of the total arrested were males.

Fdtr all male arrOstsvin 1974, 39% (586,039) were for Tart I Offenses; all female

arrests eqUalled 32% (131,855), for a . increase for each sex by i978t

Of the Part I Offense arrests, property crimes accounted for 91% of all arrests

of petStne under 18, no change; 90% of all male arrests, no change; 95% of all

female arrests, a slight change--0.2%, since 1974.

V

For all Part I Offense arrests, larceny--theft was the number 1 crime charged

against persons under 18: total arrests; 53%--up 0.3%; male girests, 48%--up

0%7%; and female arrests, 81%--down 2%, since 1974. r A In 1978, 61% of all arrests were for Part II Offenses, down 1%; all male arrests

decreased 1%; all'female arrests decreased 2%, since 1974.

Approximately 20% of all Part II Offense arrests were status offenses, down 5%

from 1974--39% of all female arrests, down 6%. Male arrests for this category

also decreased from 1974--5%.

Above percents have been rounded.

(See Figure'F-1) 2

141
ib*

Al

e"`

Figure -1

( PROPORTION OF ALL ARRESTS UNDER -18 . FOR PART I OFFENSES'BY

SEX & CRIME

(1974 & 1978)

.1 9 7 4

100.0% '

19!78

'TOTAL MALES FEMALES

iolent Cqmes

4erty Crimes'

TOTAL , MALES 'FEMALES

2

142

b
Table *75

ESTIMATED NUMBER OF DELINQUENCY CASES PROCESSED

NATIONALLY THROUGH INTAKE AND JUVENILE COUR!S

BY TYPE OF COURT

1967 -1976)

Reporting

Years

Type of Court

44 . Total Urban Simi7urban Rural

,/

1967 525,,000 235,300 50,700 811,000

1968 588,200 256,400 `55,200 $99,800

, . 1969 646,600 2800800 61,100 988,500

1970 686,000 ' 296,800 . 69,200 1,052,000

1971 717,000 331,000 77,000 1,125,000

1972 c -692,000 345,000 75,500 1,112,500

., 1973 694,700 362,000 87,000 1,143,7b0

1970 776,600 375,800 100,300 1,252,700

1975 753,566 464,444 96,939 (1,316,949

s. 1976 . 693,100 429,700 114,400 1,237,200

... SOURCE: Juvenile Court Statistics Annual Report, 1976 (advance copy),

National Center for Juvenile Justice, Research Division-of

National Council of Juvenile and Family Court Judges.

Total number of delinquency cases handled by all courts from 1967-76

increased 52.6%--the greatest increase occurred in the rural courts,

125.6% followed by an increase of 82.6% in the semiurban courts.

Approximately, 64.2of all delinquency cases yere handled by urban courts

from 1968-70; t ipropoition of delinquency cases in semiurban and rural

courts increas d 5.3% and 2.4%, respectively, from 1971-76. , Over the ten year period, the number of delinquency cases handled by all

courts reached its peak in 1975 totaling 1,316,949.

In 1975, the delinquency caseload in semiurban courts reached its peak

at 35.3% (464,444); ,the peak in rural courts was 1976 at 9.2% (114,400).

A

2 I r' 143
I

Table F-6

ESTIMATED NUMBER AND RATE OF DELINQUENCY CASES

PROCESSED NATIONALLY THROUGH INTAKE AND

JUVENILE COURTS BY SEX

(1967-1976)

Reporting

Years

1967

1068'

1969

1970

19 71

1972

1973

1974

1975

1976

Sex of Juveniles c

Ma

NUmber

les Femal

Rate Number Rate

640,000'

708,000

760,000

799,500

845,500

827,500

845,300

927,000

1,001;685

943,300

78.9 . 78.7

76.9

76.0

75.2

74.4

73.9

74..0

76.1

76.2

171,000

191,000

228,000

252'000

279,500

285,000 , '298,400

325,70T

315,265

293,900

21.1

21.2

23.1 7

24.0

24.8

25.6

26.1

26.0

23.9

23.8

SOURCE: Juvenile Court Statistics Annual Report, 1976 (advance copy),

National Center for Juvenile-Justice, Research Division of

National Council of Juvenile and Family Court Judges.

From 1967-76, three times as many male delinquency cases were processed'

by the juvenile courts than female delinquency cases. -While the number of male delinquency cases increased 47%, female

delinquency4pases increased 72% from 1967F76.

The number of male delinquency cases peaked in 1975 totaling 1,001,865

equalling 76% of the delinquency cases disposed of by the juvenile

courts.

The propbrtion of female delinquency cases remained at the same level,

26%,pfor three years--1972-74--peaking in-1974 at 325,700 cases. The rate of female delinquedcy cases decreaset 2% ito1975 and remained at

that.level in 1976.

(See Figure F-2)

S 144

21 7
e'

1,300,000

1,200,000-p.

1,100,000 in,

1,000,000

(3) cn 900;1)00..

U

t. 800,000

4-1 v4

500,000 4-1> 400,000

700;000

600, 000

E- 200,000

U2 Male

100%

Female

.100%

Figure F-2'

ESTIMATED PERCENT OF JUVENILE DELINQUENCY

CASES PROCESSED NATIONALLY THROUGH INTAKE

AND JUVENILE COURTS BY SEX

(1967 -1976)

1017

100%

100 100%

100%

100% 100%

#1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1074 s 1975 1976 . RepOrting Years

Note: Percents have been rounded.

SOURCE: Juvenile Court Statistics Annual Report, 1076 (advance copy),

National Center for Juvenile Justice, Research Division of,

National Council of Juvenile and Family Court Judges.

2

L

145
PART II: DEPARTMENT OF LABOR PROGRAMS SERVING YOUTH

SUMMARY , Page

Figure II-A. Budget Outlays for Department of JJabor Programs A,

Serving Youth, by Type -of Program (As a Percent of Total Expenditures: 1975-80. 147

Table II-A. Bud Outlays for Department of Labor Programs

148 Serving Youth - Fiscal Years 1975-80.

Figure II-B. Number of Youth Participants Served by Department

of Labor Pro'grams, by Type of Program (As a Percent of . .

Youth Participants) FY 1975-78.

c Table II-B. Number of Youth Participants Served by Department

of Labor Programs - Fiscal Years 1975-80.

tiNIFORM PROGRAM- TABLE HEADINGS - DETAILED PROGRAM DATA

149

150

151

SECTION A4 CETA, TitleS, I, II, VI 152 SECTION B. Job Corps

, 165

.SECTION C. Summer Youth Employment Progrant (SYEP) % 175 q SECTION D. Youth Community Conservation and Improvement

Projects (YCCIP)' 183

SECTION E. Youth Employment and Training Programs CYETP) 192 SECTION F. Youth Incentive Entit!leinent Pilot Projects

(YIEPP) . 'V , 201 SECTION G. Young Adult,Conservation Corps (YACC) 210

SECTION H. U.S:- Etnployment Service (USES) 218 SECTION I. Work Incentive Program TWIN) ' 232

(

GLOSSARY OF PROGRAM TERMS

a

4

21 1-6

243
Figure II-A'

fN . BUDGET OUTLAYS roR DEPART OF LABOR PROGRAMS SERVING YOUTH, BY TYPE

OF PROGRAM (AS A PERC OF TOTAL EXPENDITURES): FY 1975-1980

81,1440ons of

Dollars

5.0.

4.5-

4.0_

3.5-

3.0-

2.5-

2.0-

* 1.0-

0.5-

r,

.

100%

68.4

100%

79.0

21.0 /

100%

^Y, 73.7

26.

1/

/

1975 , 1976-

2

1977

100%

100%

100%

55.4 54.4

67.9

6 4

/32.1

Fiscal

Years

1978 1979 1980V.' I

1/ Programs which serve youth.exclusively i chlde: the JOb Corps,

SYEP, YETP, YCCIP, YIEPP, and YACC. Othe' prbgrams serving youth

include CETA titles I, II, and VI, USES, and WIN.

2/ z Includes transition quarter.

2' Represents estimated expenditures.

-.

. Source: Table II-A.

c

Other depL.tmental

program expenditure

(prorated as a percent of youth .

served)

Youth program

expenditures

147

U GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 1980 627.664/2456