# Patent

## Title
Aircraft communications system with video file library and associated methods

## Abstract

A video file system for an aircraft carrying a person having a personal electronic device (PED) for displaying video files includes a ground-based video server and an aircraft-based video system. The ground-based video server stores video files, with each video file being updatable from an available status to an unavailable status. The aircraft-based video system copies video files from the ground-based video server while the aircraft is on the ground. A determination is made, via communications with the ground-based video server and while the aircraft is on the ground, whether a given video file has been updated from the available status to the unavailable status. The PED is permitted to display the given video file if it has the available status, and is not permitted to display the given video file if it has the unavailable status.

## Background
RELATED APPLICATIONS
This application is a continuation of pending Ser. No. 12/557,124 filed Sep. 10, 2009, which claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 61/095,972 filed Sep. 11, 2008, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.


FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to the field of communications systems, and more particularly, to an aircraft communications system with a video library storing video files that can be selectively retrieved for viewing via a passenger's personal electronic device.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Existing cellular mobile telecommunication systems serve terrestrial (i.e., ground-based) personal wireless subscriber devices. For discussion purposes, these devices are also referred to as personal electronic devices (PEDs), and include mobile (cellular and PCS) telephones, personal digital assistants, wireless email devices, wireless equipped laptop computers, and personal computers. Since the cellular mobile telecommunication systems are terrestrial-based, they are not readily extendable to non-terrestrial applications due to signal interference problems between ground-based and non-terrestrial personal wireless subscriber devices. Moreover, tower antennas supporting the terrestrial-based system are often pointed down to improve performance.
U.S. Pat. No. 7,113,780 assigned to Aircell, Inc. discloses an aircraft-based network for wireless subscriber devices that provides wireless telecommunication services in the aircraft for both terrestrial and non-terrestrial regions. In particular, an air-to-ground network and a ground-based cellular communications network are spoofed into thinking that the wireless subscriber devices have no special considerations associated with their operation, even though the wireless subscriber devices are located on an aircraft in flight. This requires a non-terrestrial feature transparency system on-board the aircraft to replicate the full functionality of a given wireless subscriber device, which has a certain predetermined feature set from a ground-based wireless service provider, at another wireless subscriber device located within the aircraft. This mirroring of wireless subscriber device attributes enables a localized cell for in-cabin communications yet retains the same wireless subscriber device attributes for the air-to-ground link.
Another aircraft-based network for wireless subscriber devices that provided wireless telecommunication services in an aircraft for both terrestrial and non-terrestrial regions was introduced by Boeing, and was referred to as Connexion by BoeingSM. Connexion by BoeingSM is no longer in service due to its failure to attract sufficient customers, but at the time, provided an in-flight online connectivity service. This service allowed travelers to access a satellite-based high-speed Internet connection for an hourly or flat rate fee while in flight through a wired Ethernet or a wireless 802.11 Wi-Fi connection. The infrastructure used a phased array antenna or a mechanically steered Ku -band antenna on the aircraft, a satellite link to and from the aircraft, leased satellite transponders, and ground stations.
The viewing of video files from a video service provider, such as Amazon.com Video, Yahoo Video, or YouTubeTM, for example, can provide entertainment if such a feature was made available on an aircraft communications system. The video files provided by the video service provider are typically stored on a service provider video server under the control of the video service provider. Many times, video files are removed from the service provider video server due to potential copyright issues. Once the video files have been removed, they are not to be played. A problem arises when a video file has been removed from the service provider video server yet the video file is still available on a cache memory separate from the service provider video server. One approach to prevent an invalid video file from being played is for the video service provider to restrict access to pure IP connected streaming environments. This means that the video files cannot be cached on another server. However, this approach makes it difficult for aircraft communications system to provide video files on-board the aircraft. The alternative of transmitting each requested video file in real-time from the ground to the aircraft consumes too much bandwidth over the air-to-ground interface.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
In view of the foregoing background, it is therefore an object of the present invention to provide an aircraft communications system in which personal electronic devices (PEDs) can request video files while on-board the aircraft. In lieu of video files, audio (music) files and other types of protected file types may also be requested.
This and other objects, advantages and features in accordance with the present invention are provided by a communications system for an aircraft carrying at least some personnel having personal electronic devices (PEDs). The communications system may comprises a ground-based communications network comprising a service provider video server storing a plurality of video files, at least one access point in the aircraft for providing a wireless local area network (WLAN) for communications with the PEDs, and a video library in the aircraft for storing video files accessible by the PEDs, with each video file selected for viewing requiring validation before being accessed. A ground-to-ground transceiver may be in the aircraft cooperating with the at least one access point and the video library for polling the service provider video server if the video file selected via a PED for viewing is valid.
Polling each selected video file prior to viewing advantageously allows the aircraft communications system to verify that the selected video file is valid. A valid video file means that the video file is still available on the ground-based service provider video server. If a video file has been pulled from the service provider video server, but is still available in the video library on the aircraft, polling the service provider video server before the video file can be viewed prevents viewing of a video file that is no longer valid. Even though the video library is a cache memory, the video files are still validated before viewing is allowed.
All approved video files are listed as available on the onboard video library. Video files no longer on the service provider video server no longer have a valid enabling key, and they are now identified as expired and are automatically deleted from the available video list on the aircraft.
The ground-based communications network may further comprise a ground network server for communication with the service provider video server. A valid enabling key from the ground network server can be requested anytime a video file is requested for viewing from the video library in the aircraft. The request from the air may be a simple code identifying the video file, i.e., a unique identifier.



BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an air-to -ground communications network in accordance with the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the air-to-ground communications network with passenger carried equipment on the aircraft in accordance with the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the PED shown in FIG. 2 with the translator device integrated therein.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the air-to -ground communications network in which predetermined web pages, video, audio or other files are transmitted over an airport data link for storage on the aircraft in accordance with the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a screen shot from a PED of an interactive map corresponding to the flight path of the aircraft in accordance with the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a screen shot from a PED of an interactive map corresponding to the destination of the aircraft in which different information categories are displayed in accordance with the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the air-to -ground communications network in which network selection controllers are used for selecting between satellite or air-to-ground communications in accordance with the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the air-to -ground communications network in which hard handoff controllers are used for handing off the aircraft between base stations in accordance with the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the different content delivery channels available for distribution to the aircraft passengers in accordance with the present invention.
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the aircraft illustrating the different ranges in which data communications is received in accordance with the present invention.
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of the air-to -ground communications network in which a video or audio (music) library stored in the aircraft is updated over an airport data link in accordance with the present invention.
FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of the air-to -ground communications network in which a video or audio (music) file selected for viewing from the video library stored in the aircraft is validated before viewing over an air-to-ground interface in accordance with the present invention.
FIG. 13 is a flowchart illustrating a method for using an aircraft-based video file system in accordance with the present invention.



DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
The present invention will now be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which preferred embodiments of the invention are shown. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art. Like numbers refer to like elements throughout, and prime notation is used to indicate similar elements in alternative embodiments.
Referring initially to FIG. 1, an air-to -ground communications network 100 will be discussed in which passengers within an aircraft 120 are able to communicate over an air-to-ground interface 200 using their own personal electronic devices (PEDs) 130. PEDs 130 include personal mobile smart phones or telephones (cellular and PCS), personal digital assistants, wireless email devices, wireless equipped laptop computers having Wi-Fi/WiMax capability, air cards, or WiFi equipped MP3 players, for example.
As will be discussed in greater detail below, the air-to-ground communications network 100 may be considered as a data-based network as compared to a terrestrial voice-based network that also supports data. A data-based network supports emails and text messaging without having to specifically take into account the additional requirements (including latency) associated with traditional two-way, full duplex live conversational voice. However, the air-to-ground communications network 100 supports voice capability, as VoIP, and can send multimedia in the form of streaming video, multimedia web surfing, still pictures, music, etc., for example. As a result, hard handoffs may be used between the ground -based base stations 140 as the aircraft 120 is in flight. Soft handoffs are often used for voice-based networks, which negatively impacts the amount of frequency spectrum needed for a handoff.
The air-to-ground network 100 is not constrained to use air interfaces deployed for terrestrial networks. An air interface that is not used for terrestrial networks may be used.
The air-to-ground interface 200 is used to communicate with the ground-based base stations 140. Each base station 140 illustratively interfaces with the public switched telephone network (PSTN) 141 and an Internet service provider (ISP) 142 through a switch 143 for providing email and text messaging services. The PSTN 141 and the ISP 142 are illustrated for only one of the base stations 40. Alternatively, an Internet connection 42 could only be provided and not a PSTN connection 41.
In the United States, for example, there are approximately 100 base-stations 140 positioned to directly support the air-to-ground communications network 100 disclosed herein. This is particularly advantageous since the frequency band of the air-to-ground interface 200 is different than the frequency bands associated with cellular mobile telecommunication systems. In the illustrated example of the air-to-ground communications network 100, the allocated frequency spectrum of the air-to -ground interface 200 is based on a paired spacing of 851 MHz and 896 MHz, with 0.5 MHz available at each frequency.
In contrast, one portion of the radio spectrum currently used for terrestrial wireless communications companies is in the 824-849 MHz and 869-894 MHz bands. PCS is a wireless communications network that operates at a radio frequency of 1.9 GHz. Internationally, other frequencies and bands have been allocated for licensed wireless communications, but they do not operate using the paired spacing of 851 MHz and 896 MHz.
In the illustrated embodiment, equipment has been installed on the aircraft 120 so that the aircraft appears as a hotspot or intranet to the PEDs 130. Nodes or access points 160 are spaced throughout the cabin area of the aircraft 120 providing 802.11 services (i.e., Wi -Fi) or 802.16 services (i.e., WiMax), for example. In addition, access to the network 100 could be through an on-board picocell in which the PEDs 130 communicate therewith using cellular or PCS functions. A picocell is analogous to a Wi-Fi or WiMax access point 160.
The access points 160 are illustratively connected to an on-board server 162 and an air-to-ground transceiver 152. The server 162 includes a data memory cache 155 and a data traffic controller 158. An air-to -ground antenna 154 is coupled to the air-to-ground transceiver 152. An optional control panel 164 is illustratively coupled to the server 162. The data memory cache 155 is for storing common data accessible by the PEDs 130 during flight of the aircraft 120, as well as caching web pages for web browsing by a PED 130. The data memory cache 155 can store information during hard handoffs between base stations 140 as part of a store -and-forward capability. In addition to the cache memory 155 scheme, the server 162 includes a memory supporting a pass-through scheme, as readily appreciated by those skilled in the art.
The aircraft-based data traffic controller 158 is for selectively allocating data communications channel capacity between the PEDs 130 and the ground-based base stations 140. Selectively allocating data communications channel capacity may also be alternatively or additionally performed on the ground using a ground-based data traffic controller 148 coupled to the PSTN 141 and the ISP 142. The respective controllers 148, 158 control the IP traffic that will be allowed over the air-to -ground network 200.
The respective controllers 148, 158 thus operate as filters, which may be static or dynamic. Their operation depends on whether the network 100 is lightly loaded or heavily loaded. For example, an email (from the aircraft 120) with a very large attachment would be limited or restricted by the aircraft-based data traffic controller 158, whereas an Internet request resulting in a large number of web pages being sent to a PED 130 (from a ground-based base station 140) would be limited by the ground-based data traffic controller 148.
By selectively allocating the data communications channel capacity, a greater or maximum number of passengers on the aircraft 120 can communicate over the air-to-ground interface 200 using their own PEDs 130. For a given PED 130, the aircraft-based data traffic controller 158 may thus limit data communications from exceeding a predetermined portion of the data communications channel capacity.
Allocation of the data communications channel capacity may be based on a number of different factors or metrics. For example, the respective data traffic controllers 148, 158 may allocate the data communications channel capacity based on a priority of service. For example, credit card information used for on-board purchases/shopping could have a higher priority over e -mail. The data communications may comprise flight operational data and non-flight operational data. Certain types of traffic may have priority over other types of traffic. Personnel having PEDs 130 include passengers, as well as other individuals supporting operation of the aircraft. Personnel with PEDs 130 supporting operation of the aircraft would be associated with flight operational data, and this may be assigned a higher priority.
PEDs 130 that are cellular or PCS devices and are also Wi-Fi compatible are known as dual-mode devices. One of the modes is cellular communications, with the other mode being Wi-Fi communications. Many laptop, personal computers, and PDAs are Wi-Fi/WiMax compatible, which are also classified herein as PEDs. After a connection is made to the on-board server 162 via Wi-Fi or WiMax, each PED 130 can transmit and receive emails and text messages over the air-to-ground interface 200.
The dual-mode PEDs 130 carried by the passengers thus support multiple air interfaces, i.e., a terrestrial network and Wi-Fi or WiMax. Example terrestrial networks include any one of the following: 1) PCS, 2) the GSM family including EDGE, GPRS, HSDPA, HSUPA, and 3) the CDMA family including IS-95, CDMA2000, 1xRTT, EVDO. The terrestrial network may also operate based on other network interfaces standards, as will be readily appreciated by those skilled in the art. To reduce the cost of the dual-mode PEDs 130, a software radio may be used wherein the radio is configured to the air interface standard that is available. If more than one air interface standard is available, different metrics may be evaluated to determine a preferred air interface.
Referring now to FIGS. 2 and 3, as an alternative to aircraft installed equipment, a respective translator device 50 may be used to interface between each PED 30 and a ground-based base station 40 over the air-to-ground interface 20. The translator device 50 comprises an air-to-ground transceiver 52 with an air-to -ground antenna 54 coupled thereto.
In the illustrated embodiment, no additional equipment may need to be installed in the aircraft 12 since the translator devices 50 would be brought on-board by the passengers. Each translator device 50 may interface with the PED 30 via a wired or wireless connection. The wireless connection may be a Wi-Fi connection (802.11) or a WiMax connection (802.16), for example. The wired connection may be a USE interface 55.
Alternatively, the translator device may be integrated directly into the PED 30′, as illustrated in FIG. 3. The PED 30′ would further include a controller 56′ for selecting between the ground-based transceiver 58′ or the air-to-ground transceiver 52′ associated with the translator. A separate antenna 59′ is coupled to the ground-based transceiver 58′. Instead of separate antennas 54′ and 59′, a shared antenna may be used. The controller 56′ may perform the selection automatically based on one or more monitored metrics, or the selection may be based on input from the user.
Referring again to FIG. 1, another aspect of the illustrated embodiment is directed to a method for operating a communications system 100 for an aircraft 120 carrying at least some personnel having PEDs 130 for wireless data communications outside the aircraft with a ground-based communications network. The communications system 100 includes an access point 160 in the aircraft 120 for providing a WLAN for data communications with the PEDs 130, and an air-to-ground transceiver 152 in the aircraft 120 cooperating with the access point 160 for data communications with the ground-based communications network. The method may comprise selectively allocating data communications channel capacity between the PEDs 130 and the ground-based communications network using at least one data traffic controller. The at least one data traffic controller may be an aircraft-based data traffic controller 158 and/or a ground-based data traffic controller 148.
Referring now to FIG. 4, another aspect will be discussed with respect to the data memory cache 155 cooperating with the access point 160 for storing common data accessible by the PEDs 130 during flight of the aircraft 120. The common data may be in the form of stored content (web pages, video files, audio (music) files, etc., for example) in which passengers can browse via their PED 130.
One of the functions of the data memory cache 155 is for caching predetermined web pages video files, audio (music) files, etc., for example, to be browsed. Instead of the aircraft 120 receiving the content while in-flight, the content is received while the aircraft is on the ground. Nonetheless, the content may be alternatively or additionally updated or refreshed while in flight. As an alternative to the data memory cache 155, streaming video or audio could be real time or stored as provided from a satellite, including via a preexisting satellite based IFE system on the aircraft 120.
The stored content may be directed to a particular topic or theme, such as services and products. The services may also be directed to advertisements, for example. A purchase acceptance controller 190 cooperates with the WLAN to accept a purchase from the PEDs 130 responsive to the common data related to the services and products.
For example, the web content may be directed to an electronic retail supplier so that any one of the passengers on-board the aircraft 120 can shop for a variety of different items using their PED 130. Once a passenger selects an item for purchase, the transaction can be completed in real time while being airborne via the purchase acceptance controller 190 communicating over the air-to-ground link 200. This form of on-board shopping may also be referred to as air-commerce. Alternatively, the transaction could be initiated on-board the aircraft 120 via the purchase acceptance controller 190 but the actual purchase could be forwarded via the ground data link 174 once the aircraft 120 is on the ground.
The data memory cache 155 may be configured to push the common data related to the services and products to the PEDs 130. Also, the data memory cache 155 may permit the PEDs 130 to pull the common data related to the services and products therefrom.
In addition to products and services, the common data is directed to interactive maps, as will now be discussed in reference to FIGS. 5 and 6. When an interactive map is displayed on a PED 130, the passenger is able to scroll or zoom in and out using a scroll or zoom bar 201, as illustrated by the screen shot 203 from their PED 130. The interactive maps preferably correspond to the flight path 203 of the aircraft 120, and are updated or refreshed via the ground data link 174 when the aircraft 120 is parked on the ground at the airport 170.
While in flight, the current location of the aircraft 120 can be displayed. Flight information 205 may also be displayed. The current location of the aircraft 120 may be provided by a position determining device/flight path determining 191, such as a GPS system carried by the aircraft. Alternatively, the position of the aircraft 120 can be determined on the ground and passed to the aircraft over the air-to-ground link 200. The final destination of the aircraft 120 can also be displayed prior to arrival at the destination. In addition, destination information such as the arriving gate number, connecting gate numbers, baggage claim information, hotels, rental car agencies, restaurants, etc., for example, could also be displayed.
Data associated with the destination 209 may also be made available to the passengers. As illustrated by the screen shot 207 from a PED 130, data categories titled Hotels 211, Rental Cars 213, Restaurants 215 and Entertainment 217 are available for viewing by the passenger.
If the passenger does not already have a hotel reservation, then a desired or preferred hotel associated with the destination of the aircraft 120 can be selected from the Hotels category 211. The communications system 100 advantageously allows the passenger to make a hotel reservation while in flight. Likewise, a rental car reservation can also be made while in flight if a car is needed. Other points of interest or services (such as restaurants and entertainment) associated with the destination of the aircraft 120 can also be made available to the passengers, including reservations, coupons and other available discounts, for example.
Referring back to FIG. 4, when the aircraft 120 is parked on the ground at the airport 170, a wireless airport data link 172 is used to transmit the web content pages to the data memory cache 155 via a ground data link receiver 174 carried by the aircraft 120. A ground data link antenna 176 is coupled to the ground data link receiver 174. The ground data link interface 180 may be compatible with 802.11 or 802.16, for example. The ground data link interface 180 may be Wi-Fi or WiMax for the aircraft 120. Other interface standards may be used as will be readily appreciated by those skilled in the art. These interfaces also include cellular and PCS compatibility, for example.
When the aircraft 120 lands at a different airport, the web pages can be updated or refreshed over the ground data link interface 180. In addition, email and text messaging by the PEDs 130 may be continued after the aircraft is on the ground. Since the air-to-ground interface 200 may not be available when the aircraft 120 is on the ground, the ground data link interface 180 would then be used.
Once the web pages are stored in the data memory cache 155, a passenger using their Wi-Fi or WiMax enabled PED 130 can access and browse the web pages for on-board shopping while the aircraft 120 is airborne. The data memory cache 155 is sufficiently sized for storing a large amount of information, as will be readily appreciated by those skilled in the art.
The on-board shopping just described is for items that are not carried on the aircraft 120. On-board shopping may also be provided to the passengers for a limited number of products. For example, when watching a movie or listening to music, passengers have the option of receiving standard headphones or they can purchase a different set of headphones, such as high quality noise suppression headphones. These transactions can also be completed via the passenger's PED 130 using the web-based pages stored in the data memory cache 155.
Another aspect of the illustrated embodiment is directed to a method for operating a communications system 100 for an aircraft 120 carrying at least some personnel having personal electronic devices (PEDs) for wireless data communications outside the aircraft with a ground-based communications network. The communications system 100 may include an access point 160 in the aircraft 120 for providing a wireless local area network (WLAN) for data communications with the PEDs 130, and an air-to-ground transceiver 152 in the aircraft 120 cooperating with the access point 160 for data communications with the ground-based communications network. The method may comprise storing common data accessible by the PEDs 130 during flight of the aircraft 120 using an aircraft data memory cache 155 in the aircraft and cooperating with the access point 160.
The PEDs 130 are not limited to receiving and transmitting information over the air-to-ground interface 200. Referring now to FIG. 7, signals may be transmitted from satellites 220, 230 to one or more satellite antennas 240 coupled to a satellite receiver 242 carried by the aircraft 120. If there are multiple satellite antennas, then a network selection controller 192 may be used to select the appropriate satellite antenna. This is in addition to transmitting and receiving signals over the air-to-ground interface 200 via the ground-based network and the air-to-ground transceiver 152 carried by the aircraft 120.
In the illustrated embodiment, an aircraft -based network selection controller 192 is associated with the air-to-ground transceiver 152 and the access points 160. The aircraft-based network selection controller 192 determines whether data communications should be sent to the PEDs 130 through the air-to-ground transceiver 152 or the satellite receiver 242. This is accomplished by appending data to return via a satellite.
In addition or in lieu of the aircraft-based network selection controller 192, a ground-based network selection controller 194 is coupled between a ground-based satellite transmitter 145 and the ground-based base stations 140. The ground-based network selection controller 194 also determines whether to send data communications to the PEDs 130 through the air-to-ground transceiver 152 or through the satellite receiver 242.
Satellite 220 provides television and digital radio signals for an in-flight entertainment (IFE) system on the aircraft 120 over satellite link 254. Even though only one satellite is represented, the television and digital radio signals may be provided by separate satellites, such as a DirectTVTM satellite and an XMTM radio satellite. In addition, a third satellite may be used to provide email and text messaging, multimedia messaging, credit card transactions, web surfing, etc., for example. The illustrated satellite antenna 240 supports communications with all three satellites. Alternatively, there may be a separate satellite antenna for the DirectTVTM satellite, the XMTM radio satellite, and the email-text messaging satellite.
An example IFE system is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 6,748,597. This patent is assigned to the current assignee of the present invention, and is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. The television and digital radio signals are sent through the on-board server 162 to seat electronic boxes (SEBs) spaced throughout the aircraft for selective viewing on video display units (VDUs). Passenger control units (PCUs) are used to control the VDUs. The digital radio signals are also distributed to the SEBs for reception via passenger headphones.
Of particular interest is that additional information can be obtained from the satellite 220 which can then be made available to the PEDs 130. For example, the satellite 220 may provide information including sports scores, stock ticker, news headlines, destination weather and destination traffic. The satellite signals received by the satellite receiver 242 are provided to the on-board server 162 for repackaging this particular information for presentation to the PEDs 130 via the access points 160, as will be readily appreciated by those skilled in the art.
When available, satellites with or without leased transponders may also provide additional information to be repackaged by the on-board server 162. The other satellite 230 may be a fixed satellite service (FSS) for providing Internet access to the PEDs 130, for example. For example, satellite television and satellite radio signals may be provided to the passengers on their PEDs 130 via Wi-Fi.
In this configuration, a message for web pages requested by the passenger (via their PED 130) is provided over the air-to-ground interface 200. The message on the ground would then be routed to an appropriate ground-based network selection controller 194, which would then transmit the request to the FSS satellite 230. The satellite link between the appropriate ground-based transmitter 145 and the satellite 230 is represented by reference 250. The FSS satellite 230 then transmits the requested web pages to the aircraft 120 over satellite link 252 upon receiving the request from the ground.
Since the satellites may be somewhat close together in a geospatial arc, transmitting the return link over the air-to-ground link 200 instead of over the satellite links 252, 254 avoids causing interference from the aircraft 120 to neighboring satellites. Nonetheless, the request could be transmitted directly from the aircraft 120 to the satellite 230 using a steerable or directional satellite antenna.
The request provided by the PED 130 is often referred to as the return link. The information from the satellites 220, 230 to the aircraft 120 is often referred to as the forward link. The air-to-ground interface 200 is a narrow band interface, which is acceptable for making a request since such a request is typically narrower band than the forward link. In contrast, satellite links 252 and 254 are wide band interfaces, which are ideal form providing the requested web pages that are typically wide band data.
Each of the network selection controllers 192, 194 may be used to determine whether to send data communications to the PEDs 130 through the air-to-ground transceiver 152 or the satellite receiver 242 based on a needed channel capacity of the data communications to be sent or congestion on a link. Data communications with a higher needed channel capacity is typically sent with a high bandwidth using the satellite receiver 242, and data communications with a lower needed channel capacity is typically sent with a low bandwidth using the air-to -ground transceiver 152. Alternatively, the high and low broadband data communications links may be reversed. Alternatively, the network controllers could determine that the aircraft 120 is out of the coverage area for the air-to-ground network or the air-to-ground network is at capacity in the location for that aircraft. In this case, the network selection controllers could route the traffic over the satellite network. Alternatively, the network selection controllers could route some traffic types over one network and other traffic types over the other network, as readily appreciated by those skilled in the art.
One of the network selection controllers 192, 194 may determine to send data communications to the PEDs 130 through the air-to-ground transceiver 152 or through the satellite receiver 242 based on received signal strength of the data communications, or a position of the aircraft. The current location of the aircraft 120 may be provided by a position determining device/flight path determining 191, such as a GPS system carried by the aircraft. Alternatively, the position of the aircraft 120 can be determined on the ground and passed to the aircraft over the air-to-ground link 200. If the aircraft 120 is to fly over the ocean, then data should be received through the satellite receiver 242. By monitoring signal strength of the received signals or the position of the aircraft, a determination can be made on when the ground-based base stations 140 are no longer available, and communications should be received via the satellite receiver 242.
The network selection controllers 192, 194 thus determine whether to send static and dynamic web pages through the satellite-based communications network 145, 230 to the PEDs 130. Dynamic web pages include streaming video, for example. Each network selection controller 192, 194 may determine to send requests for at least one of the static and dynamic web pages from the PEDs 130 through the access points 160 and the air-to-ground transceiver 152.
As noted above, predetermined web pages are stored in the data memory cache 155 when the aircraft 120 is parked on the ground (i.e., electronic retailer shopping and on-board shopping, as well as advertisements). Since the satellite links 252, 254 are wide band, the requested web information may also be downloaded for storage or refreshed in the data memory cache 155 while the aircraft is in flight.
Another aspect of the illustrated embodiment is directed to a method for operating a communications system 100 for an aircraft 120 carrying at least some personnel having personal electronic devices (PEDs) 130 for wireless data communications outside the aircraft. The communications system 100 includes a ground-based communications network, a satellite-based communications network, and at least one access point 160 in the aircraft 120 for providing a WLAN for data communications with the PEDs 130. An air-to-ground transceiver 154 in the aircraft 120 may cooperate with the at least one access point 160 for data communications with the ground -based communications network, and a satellite receiver 242 in the aircraft may cooperate with the at least one access point for data communications with the satellite -based communications network to the PEDs. The method includes determining whether to send data communications to the PEDs 130 through the air-to-ground transceiver 152 or the satellite receiver 242.
Referring now to FIG. 8, another aspect is directed to handoff of the aircraft 120 from one ground -based base station 140 to an adjacent ground-based base station, or between azimuth or elevation sectors on one base station. Since the air-to-ground network 100 may be optimized for data instead of voice, delays or latencies can be tolerated without the end user having the perception that the call is being dropped, as is the case with voice. Consequently, soft handoffs are needed for voice-based networks.
In contrast, data can be stored on the ground or on the aircraft while the aircraft 120 is between cell coverage areas for a hard handoff. Once the aircraft 120 is within coverage of the next cell, the data can then be forwarded.
Hard handoffs can thus be used to make the connection from one base station 140 to an adjacent base station in support of the air-to-ground communications network 100. Messages being communicated between a PED 130 and the ground can be stored in a buffer or memory 157. The buffer 157 may be part of the data memory cache 155, or alternatively, the buffer may be a separate memory as illustrated. Each base station 140 has a hard handoff controller 147 associated therewith. Moreover, with the aircraft 120 typically flying at speeds over 500 mph, the delay is relatively short.
To support a soft handoff, as would be necessary with voice, twice the spectrum resources would be needed. With a hard handoff, the spectrum is preserved at the expense of having sufficient memory for storing data in the buffer 157 (or on the ground) during a handoff while the aircraft 120 is between base stations 140.
The base stations 140 define respective adjacent coverage areas and comprise respective hard handoff controllers 147 for implementing a hard handoff of a data communications channel with the air-to-ground transceiver 152 as the aircraft 120 moves from one coverage area to an adjacent coverage area.
An aircraft hard handoff controller 149 may cooperate with the hard handoff controllers 147 on the ground. The aircraft hard handoff controller 149 cooperates with ground-based hard handoff controllers 147 by monitoring metrics. The metrics include a received signal strength of the data communications channel, or available capacity at the base station 140, for example.
In another embodiment for implementing an aircraft hard handoff, the aircraft hard handoff controller 149 implements the hard handoff of a data communications channel with the air-to-ground transceiver 152 as the aircraft 120 moves from one coverage area to an adjacent coverage area. This implementation may be based on metrics collected in the aircraft. These metrics include a Doppler shift of the data communications channel, a signal-to-noise ratio of the data communications channel, or a received signal strength of the data communications channel. This implementation may also be based on position of the aircraft 120, as readily appreciated by those skilled in the art.
The buffer 157 may be separate from the aircraft hard handoff controller 149 or may be integrated as part of the hard handoff controller. The first and second hard handoff controllers 147 may implement the hard handoff based on the following metrics: a Doppler shift of the data communications channel, a signal-to -noise ratio of the data communications channel, or a received signal strength of the data communications channel, as will be readily appreciated by those skilled in the art.
In other embodiments, a position/flight determining device 191 on the aircraft 120 cooperates with the ground-based hard handoff controllers 147 for implementing the hard handoff based upon a position of the aircraft. The position/flight path determining device 191 may be a GPS or other navigational device.
The base stations 140 may be configured with selectable antenna beams for performing the hard handoff, as will now be discussed. In one embodiment, one or more of the base stations 140 include selectable antenna beams 97, with each antenna beam having a same pattern and gain but in a different sector as compared to the other antenna beams. The different sector may also be defined in azimuth and/or elevation. Each antenna beam 97 may be optimized in terms of gain and beam width. The minimally overlapping antenna beams 97 thus provide complete coverage in the different sectors.
In another embodiment, one or more of the base stations 140 include selectable antenna beams 98 and 99, with at least two antenna beams being in a same sector but with a different pattern and gain. Antenna beam 99 is high gain with a narrow beam width for communicating with the aircraft 120 at an extended distance from the base station 140. When the aircraft 120 is closer in range to the base station 140, antenna beam 98 is selected, which is low gain with a wide beam width.
As noted above, there are a number of different metrics to monitor to determine when airborne users (i.e., PEDs 130) within an aircraft 120 are to be handed off to a next base station 140. In terms of Doppler, the Doppler shift on the MAC addresses of the signals received by each base station 140 are examined. The Doppler metric is to be factored into the handoff algorithm at each base station 140.
When using GPS coordinates, each base station 140 receives GPS coordinates of the aircraft 120, and based upon movement of the aircraft, the base stations coordinate handoff of the aircraft accordingly from base station to base station.
Along the same lines, sectorized antennas at the base station 140 may be used for communicating with the aircraft 120. The antennas at each base station 140 may provide a high gain/narrow beamwidth coverage sector and a low gain/broad beamwidth coverage sector. The high gain/narrow beamwidth coverage sector may be used when link conditions with the aircraft 120 are poor. Sites could be sectorized in azimuth, elevation or both. These sectors could be static or dynamic.
If the link conditions with the aircraft 120 are good, then the low gain/broad beamwidth coverage beam is used. In one embodiment, the coverage sectors are selected based upon the link conditions with the aircraft 120. Alternatively, the coverage sectors are fixed at the base station 140. For example, the high gain/narrow beamwidth coverage sector may be used for aircraft 120 that are farther away from the base station 140, whereas the low gain/broad beamwidth coverage sector may be used for aircraft flying near the base station.
Lastly, a ground selection algorithm may be used to select a ground-based base station 140 based on the flight path and the base stations in proximity to the flight path. If the aircraft 120 is about to exit a cell, transmitted email and text messages for a PED 130 are stored until the aircraft is in the next coverage area. This advantageously allows a longer continuous connection, which makes use of the limited spectrum resources more efficiently. The ground selection algorithm could use ground-based location information or GPS data on the location of the aircraft 120 and known ground site locations to optimize connection times. The resulting system may thus be considered a store-and -forward architecture.
Another aspect of the illustrated embodiment is directed to a method for operating a communications system 100 for an aircraft 120 carrying at least some personnel having personal electronic devices (PEDs) 130 for wireless data communications outside the aircraft with a ground-based communications network. The communications system 100 includes a plurality of spaced apart base stations 140, and at least one access point 160 in the aircraft 120 for providing a wireless local area network (WLAN) for data communications with the PEDs 130. An air-to-ground transceiver 152 in the aircraft 120 may cooperate with the at least one access point 160 for data communications with the ground-based communications network. The method may include operating first and second base stations 140 to define respective first and second adjacent coverage areas, with the first and second base stations comprising respective first and second hard handoff controllers 147. The respective first and second hard handoff controllers 147 are operated for implementing a hard handoff of a data communications channel with the air-to-ground transceiver 152 as the aircraft 120 moves from the first coverage area to the second adjacent coverage area. Alternatively, the handoff decision can be implemented by an aircraft hard handoff controller 149 in the aircraft 120. This implementation may be based on metrics collected in the aircraft 120.
To summarize example on-board content deliveries to the aircraft 120 from the various sources, reference is directed to FIG. 9. When in flight, the air-to-ground interface 200 provides connectivity for features that include email, text messaging, credit card transactions, multimedia messaging, web surfing and RSS as indicated by reference 300. To use RSS, the PED 130 has an RSS news reader or aggregator that allows the collection and display of RSS feeds. RSS news readers allow a passenger to view the service selected in one place and, by automatically retrieving updates, stay current with new content soon after it is published. There are many readers available and most are free.
The airport data link 172 may be used to provide the best of YouTubeTM as indicated by reference 302. The XMTM satellite 220 may provide sports scores, stock ticker, news headlines and destination traffic as indicated by reference 304. DirectTVTM may also be provided by satellite 220 which can be used to provide additional information as indicated by reference 306. For future growth, two-way communications may be provided by a satellite as indicated by reference 308, such as with DirecWay or Hughesnet, for example. The airport data link 172 may also be used to provide cellular/PCS/WiMax services as indicated by reference 310.
The above content is provided to the on-board server 162 which may include or interface with the data memory cache 155. The data is provided to passenger PEDs 130 using Wi-Fi or WiMax distribution via the access points 160. Video and data is provided to an Ethernet distribution 320 for distributing throughout the aircraft as part of the in-flight entertainment system.
In terms of transmission distance or proximity to the aircraft 120 for the above-described on-board content deliveries, reference is directed to FIG. 10. Circle 350 represents information provided by the airport ground data link 172 when the aircraft 120 is parked at the airport 170 or moving about the airport with weight on wheels. When airborne, circle 352 represents information provided via the air-to-ground interface 200, and circle 354 represents the information provided by the satellites 220, 230. The information as discussed above is summarized in the respective circles 350, 352 and 354.
In view of the different air interface standards associated with the aircraft 120, the on-board server 162 may be configured to recognize the available air interface standards. As a result, the on-board server 162 selects the appropriate air interface standard based on proximity to a particular network. This decision may also be based on the bandwidth that is available, location of the aircraft 120 as determined by GPS, and whether the aircraft is taking off or landing. For example, when the aircraft 120 is on the ground, the ground data link interface 180 is selected. When airborne, the network selection controllers 192, 194 select either the air-to-ground interface 200 or a satellite interface 252, 254 depending on traffic demands, or both, for example.
Depending on the airline rules and regulations, the cellular mode of a dual mode cellular/Wi-Fi device may not be operated on an aircraft below a certain altitude, such as 10,000 feet. To support this requirement, the on-board server 162 and the Wi-Fi access points 160 may have enough pico-cell capability to drive the cellular radio in dual mode devices to minimum power or even to turn the cellular radios off. The connection to the wireless onboard network could be WiFi or WiMax. The pico-cell function would be to drive cellular/PCS output power to a reduced/minimum or off condition. This turns the cellular/PCS transmitter “off” while on the aircraft, while allowing Wi-Fi transmission and reception.
Another metric to monitor on the aircraft 120 is related to priority of service. This is due to the fact that that aircraft 120 can receive information over a wide band link from a satellite, for example, and transmit requests for the information over a narrow band link. If someone tries to send a large attachment on their email over the narrow band link, or they are video/audio streaming, then access will be denied or throttled or charged for a premium service for large data transfers by the data traffic controllers 158, 148. It could also be possible to use pico-cells to connect cellular/PCS mobile phones (PED) 130 to the onboard systems.
Therefore, traffic is monitored in terms of metrics to make quality of service and priority of service decisions. This decision may be made on-board the aircraft 120 for any traffic leaving the aircraft 120. This decision may also be made on the ground, which monitors if someone on the ground is sending to large of an attachment, and if so, then access will also be denied or throttled or charged for a premium service for large data transfers. These criteria for decisions could by dynamic or static.
Priority of service also relates to quality of service. Various metrics and traffic conditions can be monitored to provide connectivity to a greater or maximum number of airline passengers on a flight. Operations and cabin passenger entertainment (email, text messaging, web browsing, etc., for example) data can be multiplexed on a variable latency link. Operational and passenger data may also be multiplexed with multiple priorities of service allowing some data to be handled at a higher priority than other data.
Yet another aspect of the aircraft air-to -ground communications network 10 is with respect to advertisements. The advertisements are used to generate revenue from the air to ground, hybrid air to ground/satellite, or satellite communications network. For example, when a passenger opens up their laptop computer 130 on the aircraft 120, a decision is made whether or not to use the 802.11 Wi-Fi or 802.16 WiMax network. If the decision is yes, then an advertisement is displayed while accessing the network.
In addition, when portal pages are viewed, advertisements will also be displayed. Since the advertisements are used to generate revenues, passengers are allowed access to the air-to-ground communications network 100 without having to pay with a credit card or touchless payment method, as was the case for the Connexion by BoeingSM system. While looking at different web pages, the passengers will see advertisements interspersed or sharing the same screen.
Another function of the aircraft 120 is to use the air-to-ground communications network 100 for telemetry. Telemetry involves collecting data at remote locations, and then transmitting the data to a central station. The problem arises when the data collection devices at the remote locations are separated beyond line-of-sight from the central station. Consequently, one or more towers are required to complete the telemetry link. To avoid the costly expense of providing telemetry towers, the aircraft 120 may be used to relay the collected information from the remote locations to the central station when flying overhead.
Yet another function of the aircraft 120 is to use the air-to-ground communications network 100 for ground-based RFID tracking. Similar to using the aircraft 120 for telemetry, the aircraft may also be used for tracking mobile assets on the ground, such as a fleet of trucks, for example. The trucks transmit RFID signals that are received by the aircraft 120 as it flies overhead. The information is then relayed to a central station. The RFID signals may be GPS coordinates, for example.
Another aspect of the air-to-ground communications network 100 is to provide video on demand on the aircraft 120. This feature has been partially discussed above and involves providing server stored video or television signals on demand to passengers on the aircraft. The television signals may be terrestrial based or relayed via a satellite. In particular, the return to make the request is not the same as the forward link providing the video. The return link is a low data rate link, and may be provided by the aircraft passenger's PED 130 over the air-to-ground interface 200. The forward link is a high data rate link received by a terrestrial or satellite based receiver on the aircraft. The video is then routed through the aircraft in-flight entertainment system to the passenger, or to the passenger's PED 130 via Wi-Fi. Alternatively, the video or audio can be stored in the server 162 and displayed when requested by a passenger.
Another aspect of the aircraft air-to-ground communications network 100 includes a video file system for an aircraft 120 carrying at least one person having a PED 130 for displaying video files, as will now be discussed with reference to FIGS. 11 and 12. The video file system comprises a ground-based video server 173 and an aircraft-based video system 162. The ground-based video server 173 stores video files, with each video file being updatable from an available status to an unavailable status. The aircraft-based video system 162 is for copying video files from the ground-based video server 173 while the aircraft 120 is on the ground. A determination is made, via communications with the ground-based video server 173 and while the aircraft 120 is airborne, whether a given video file has been updated from the available status to the unavailable status. The PED 130 is then permitted to display the given video file if it has the available status, and is not permitted to display the given video file if it has the unavailable status.
The video file storage device 193 may also be referred to as a video library. The illustrated video library 193 may be configured as a video file memory cache, for example. A video file controller 195 interfaces with the video library 193 for retrieving the selected video files for viewing, and for initiating verification that the selected video files are valid before they are viewed.
The video files stored in the video library 193 are initially provided by a video service provider. The video service provider may be Amazon.com Video, Yahoo Video, or YouTubeTM, for example. The video library 193 may store 100 s or even 1,000 s of video files. The video files are typically sorted into categories and are loaded/updated when the aircraft 120 is on the ground. The video files provided by the video service provider are typically stored on the ground-based video server 173 under the control of the video service provider. Many times, a video file may be removed from the ground-based video server 173 due to potential copyright issues. Once the video file has been removed, it is not to be played, even if the video file is still in the video library 193. Only validated video files should be played.
To interface between the airport data link 172 and the ground-based video server 173, a ground server 171 is provided. The ground server 171 compares the list of video files from the video library 193 to the video files available on the ground-based video server 173. In other embodiments, the airport data link 172 may communicate directly with the ground-based video server 173. As readily appreciated by those skilled in the art, the functions of the ground server 171 and the ground -based video server 173 may be combined into a single server.
A validated video file means that the video file is still available on the ground-based video server 173. When the aircraft 120 is on the ground, the video files in the video library 193 are checked to see if they are still valid for viewing. This validation may be performed over the ground data link interface 180.
The illustrated video file controller 195 and the video library 193 are both within the aircraft-based video system 162, which may be configured as a server. The server 162 provides a list of the stored video files to a ground-to-ground transceiver 174, which in turn provides the list to the airport data link 172. The airport data link 172 passes the list to the ground server 171. The ground server 171 then interfaces with the ground-based video server 173 operated by the video service provider.
If a video file is no longer valid, the ground server 171 communicates this back to the aircraft 120 so that the video file can be removed from the video library 193. In other words, before the aircraft 120 leaves the coverage area of the airport data link 172, the video file controller 195 requests approval via the ground-to -ground transceiver 174 for the video files stored in the video library 193. Approved video files are available in the video library 193. Video files no longer on the ground-based video server 173 no longer have a valid enabling key, and these video files are now identified as expired and may be automatically deleted from the available video file list on the aircraft 120.
However, the situation may arise when the video service provider deletes a video file from the ground-based video server 173 after the video library 193 has already been updated and the aircraft 120 is airborne. To address this problem and avoid playback of a video file that is no longer valid, each video file that is selected for playback is validated over the air-to-ground interface 200. In other embodiments, the validation may be over the satellite link 252. As appreciated by those skilled in the art, the satellite link 252 may also be consider as an air-to-ground interface even though a satellite is involved. Validation may be in the form of an enabling key sent by the ground server 171 to the video file controller 195.
Each time a video file is requested by a passenger in the aircraft 120 via their PED 130, the video file controller 195 initiates transmission of a request for that particular video file from the aircraft 120 over the air-to-ground interface 200 to the ground server 171, as illustrated in FIG. 12. The ground server 171 then interfaces with the ground-based video server 173 to verify that the video file is still valid.
If the video file is still valid, then the ground server 171 transmits a valid enabling key for that video file to the video file controller 195. The valid enabling key comprises one or more bits. For example, the valid enabling key may be a simply binary YES (enabled/approved for viewing) or NO (not approved for viewing). This will only require one bit for the return message. However, multiple bits may also be used to avoid or reduce the chance of errors.
If the video file is not valid, i.e., the video file is no longer on the ground-based video server 173, then the ground server 171 transmits this information to the video file controller 195. The video file controller 195 provides a message to the passenger requesting the video file stating “Your requested video is no longer available.” Along the same lines, if the air-to-ground interface 200 is not available, and a requested video file cannot be validated, then the same message will be displayed to the passenger making the request. Positive verification is thus needed each time a video file is requested.
Referring now to the flowchart 400 illustrated in FIG. 13, a method for using an aircraft-based video file system will be discussed. From the start (Block 402), the method comprises using an air-to-ground transceiver 152 for communicating with the ground-based video server 173 while the aircraft 120 is airborne at Block 404. The method comprises at Block 406 using a video file storage device 193 and a video file controller 195 positioned in the aircraft 120. The video file storage device 193 and the video file controller 195 copy video files from the ground-based video server 173 while the aircraft 120 is on the ground at Block 406. A determination is made at Block 408, via communications with the ground-based video server 173 and while the aircraft 120 is airborne, whether a given video file has been updated from the available status to the unavailable status. The PED 130 may be permitted at Block 412 to display the given video file if it has the available status, and may not be permitted to display the given video file if it has the unavailable status. The method ends at Block 414.
Many modifications and other embodiments of the invention will come to the mind of one skilled in the art having the benefit of the teachings presented in the foregoing descriptions and the associated drawings. Therefore, it is understood that the invention is not to be limited to the specific embodiments disclosed, and that modifications and embodiments are intended to be included as readily appreciated by those skilled in the art.

## Claims

1. A video file system for an aircraft carrying at least one person having a personal electronic device (PED) for displaying video files, the video file system comprising:
a ground-based video server for storing video files, each video file being updatable from an available status to an unavailable status; and
an aircraft-based video system for
copying video files from the ground-based video server while the aircraft is on the ground,
determining in response to a request for a given video file, via communications with said ground -based video server, whether the given video file that has been copied from the ground-based video server has been updated from the available status to the unavailable status, with the unavailable status indicating that the given video file is no longer stored on said ground-based video server, and
permitting the PED to display the given video file if it has the available status, and not permitting the PED to display the given video file if it has the unavailable status.

2. The video file system according to claim 1 wherein said aircraft-based video system comprises a video file storage device for storing the copied video files.

3. The video file system according to claim 1 wherein said video file controller performs the determining by polling the ground-based video server regarding the status of the given video file.

4. The video file system according to claim 3 wherein said ground-based video server responds to the polling by sending the status of the given video file.

5. The video file system according to claim 1 wherein said aircraft-based video system comprises a wireless access device for communicating with the PED.

6. The video file system according to claim 1 wherein said aircraft-based video system comprises a ground-to-ground transceiver for communicating with said ground-based video server while the aircraft is on the ground.

7. The video file system according to claim 6 wherein said aircraft-based video system is also for determining, via communications with said ground-based video server and while the aircraft is on the ground, whether a given video file has been updated from the available status to the unavailable status.

8. The video file system according to claim 1 wherein said aircraft-based video system causes the PED to display a list of the copied video files.

9. The video file system according to claim 1 wherein said aircraft-based video system causes the PED to display a video not available message if the given video file has the unavailable status.

10. A video file system for an aircraft carrying at least one person having a personal electronic device (PED) for displaying video files, the video file system comprising:
a ground-based video server for storing video files, each video file being updatable from an available status to an unavailable status;
a ground-to-ground transceiver for communicating with said ground-based video server while the aircraft is on the ground; and
a video file storage device and a video file controller in the aircraft and cooperating with said ground-to-ground transceiver for
copying video files from the ground-based video server while the aircraft is on the ground,
determining in response to a request for a given video file, via communications with said ground-based video server, whether the given video file that has been copied from the ground-based video server has been updated from the available status to the unavailable status, with the unavailable status indicating that the given video file is no longer stored on said ground-based video server, and
permitting the PED to display the given video file if it has the available status, and not permitting the PED to display the given video file if it has the unavailable status.

11. The video file system according to claim 10 wherein said video file controller performs the determining by polling the ground-based video server regarding the status of the given video file.

12. The video file system according to claim 10 further comprising a wireless access device cooperating with said video file controller for communicating with the PED.

13. An aircraft-based video file system for an aircraft carrying at least one person having a personal electronic device (PED) for displaying video files, the aircraft-based video file system for cooperating with a ground-based video server for storing video files, each video file being updatable from an available status to an unavailable status, the aircraft-based video system comprising:
a ground-to-ground transceiver for communicating with the ground-based video server while the aircraft is on the ground; and
a video file storage device and an associated video file controller to be positioned in the aircraft and for cooperating with said ground-to-ground transceiver for
copying video files from the ground-based video server while the aircraft is on the ground,
determining in response to a request for a given video file, via communications with said ground-based video server, whether the given video file that has been copied from the ground-based video server has been updated from the available status to the unavailable status, with the unavailable status indicating that the given video file is no longer stored on the ground-based video server, and
permitting the PED to display the given video file if it has the available status, and not permitting the PED to display the given video file if it has the unavailable status.

14. The aircraft-based video file system according to claim 13 wherein said video file controller performs the determining by polling the ground-based video server regarding the status of the given video file.

15. The aircraft-based video file system according to claim 13 further comprising a wireless access device cooperating with said video file controller for communicating with the PED.

16. A method for using an aircraft-based video file system for an aircraft carrying at least one person having a personal electronic device (PED) for displaying video files, the aircraft-based video file system for cooperating with a ground-based video server for storing video files, each video file being updatable from an available status to an unavailable status, the method comprising:
using a ground-to-ground transceiver for communicating the ground-based video server while the aircraft is on the ground; and
using a video file storage device and a video file controller positioned in the aircraft and cooperating with the ground-to-ground transceiver for
copying video files from the ground-based video server while the aircraft is on the ground,
determining in response to a request for a given video file, via communications with the ground-based video server, whether the given video file that has been copied from the ground-based video server has been updated from the available status to the unavailable status, with the unavailable status indicating that the given video file is no longer stored on the ground-based video server, and
permitting the PED to display the given video file if it has the available status, and not permitting the PED to display the given video file if it has the unavailable status.

17. The method according to claim 16 wherein the video file controller performs the determining by polling the ground-based video server regarding the status of the given video file.

18. The method according to claim 16 further comprising a wireless access device cooperating with the video file controller for communicating with the PED.

19. The method according to claim 16 further comprising a ground-to-ground transceiver cooperating with the video file controller for communicating with the ground-based video server while the aircraft is on the ground.