13-i 

## CHAPTER

13. UTILITY

IMPAC T ANALYSIS
TABLE OF CO NTENTS
13.1 INTRODUCTI ON

.................................................... 13-2 13.2 ASSUMPTIONS

..................................................... 13-2 13.3 METHOD

.......................................................... 13-4 13.4 RESULTS

.......................................................... 13-5
LIST OF TABLE S
Table 13.4.1 TMY Sy stem L oad Refe rence C ase For

ecast

......................... 13-7 Table 13.4.2 Liqui d-Im mersed T ransfor mers: Tri al Standa

rd Le vel 1 For ecast

......... 13-8 Table 13.4.3 Liqui d-Im mersed T ransfor mers: Tri al Standa

rd Le vel 2 For ecast

......... 13-9 Table 13.4.4 Liqui d-Im mersed T ransfor mers: Tri al Standa

rd Le vel 3 For ecast

........ 13-10 Table 13.4.5 Liqui d-Im mersed T ransfor mers: Tri al Standa

rd Le vel 4 For ecast

........ 13-11 Table 13.4.6 Liqui d-Im mersed T ransfor mers: Tri al Standa

rd Le vel 5 For ecast

........ 13-12 Table 13.4.7 Liqui d-Im mersed T ransfor mers: Tri al Standa

rd Le vel 6 For ecast

........ 13-13 Table 13.4.8 Dry-Ty

pe, L ow-Volta

ge Tra nsforme rs: Trial Standard Leve l 1 Forec ast

... 13-14 Table 13.4.9 Dry-Ty

pe, Medium-Voltage Transformers: Tria l Standard Leve l 1 Forec ast

............................................... 13-15 Table 13.4.10 Dry-Ty

pe, Medium-Voltage Transformers: Tria l Standard Leve l 2 Forec ast

............................................... 13-16 Table 13.4.11 Dry-Ty

pe, Medium-Voltage Transformers: Tria l Standard Leve l 3 Forec ast

............................................... 13-17 Table 13.4.12 Dry-Ty

pe, Medium-Voltage Transformers: Tria l Standard Leve l 4 Forec ast

............................................... 13-18 Table 13.4.13 Dry-Ty

pe, Medium-Voltage Transformers: Tria l Standard Leve l 5 Forec ast

............................................... 13-19 Table 13.4.14 Dry-Ty

pe, Medium-Voltage Transformers: Tria l Standard Leve l 6 Forec ast

............................................... 13-20 Table 13.4.15 Liquid-I

mmersed Trial Standard Leve l 2 Low Economic Growth F orecas t

............................................... 13-21 Table 13.4.16 Dry-Ty

pe, Low-Voltag e Transformers: Trial Standard L evel 1 High Ec onomic Gr

owth For ecast

.................................. 13-22 Table 13.4.17 Dry-Ty

pe, Low-Voltag e Transformers: Trial Standard L evel 1 Low E conomic G

rowth Forecast

.................................. 13-23 Table 13.4.18 Dry-Type, Med ium-V oltage Trans forme rs: Tr ial S tanda rd Level 2 High

Economic

Growth F orecas t

...................................... 13-24 Table 13.4.19 Dry-Ty

pe, Medium-Voltage Transformers: Tria l Standard Level 2 Low E conomic G

rowth Forecast

.................................. 13-25a

For more inf

ormat ion onNEM S, r efer to t he U.S. Depart ment of Ener gy, Energy Inf ormat ion Admi nis tra ti on docu mentation. A use ful summary is Nati onal Ener gy Modeli ng Syst em: An Overvi ew 2003 , DOE/EI A058 1(2 003 ), M arch, 2 003

.

b DO E/EIA app roves use of the name NEM S to describe only an offi cial versi on of the model without any modification to code or data. Because this anal ysis ent ails some minor code modifications and the model is r un unde r va ri ous poli cy s cenari os t hat are var iation s on DOE/EIA a ss umpt ion s, th e Depar tme ntref

ers to i t by

th e na me NEMS- BT (BT i s DOE = s Bu ilding T echn olog ies Pr ogra m, und er who se aeg is this work has be en pe rform ed). NEM S-BT was pr eviou sly cal led NEMS-BRS. 13-2 

## CHAPTER

13. UTILITY

IMPAC T ANALYSIS
13.1 INTRODUC TION The Department of Energy (DOE or Department) analy zed the effects of proposed distribution transformer energy -efficiency

standard levels on the electric utility industry as part of the no tice o f prop osed r ulema king (N OPR) analysis , usi ng a vari ant of the U. S. DOE /Ener gy Information Administration (EI A)’s National Energy

Modeling System (NEMS). a 

## NEMS, which is availa ble in the public domain, is a la

rge, mu lti-sect oral, pa rtial equ ilibrium mod

el of the U.S. energ y se ctor. DO E/EI

A uses NE MS to produc e a wide ly r ecogn ized base line ene

rgy foreca st for the U.S. through 2025, the Annual Energy Outlook 2005 ( AEO2005 ). 1 

## The Department used a varia nt known a s NEMS-B T to provid e key inputs to the

analy sis. b 

## The utility

impact an

aly sis consists of a comparison between model results for the AEO2005 Reference Case and for policy cases in which proposed standards are in place

. The Department conducted the utility impact analysis as policy deviations from the AEO2005 , applying the

same basic set of assumptions. For example, the operating characteristics (e.g., ene

rgy conversion efficiency , emissions rates) of future electricity generating plants are as specified in the AEO2005 Reference Case, as are the prospects for natural gas supply. The utility

impact analysis repor

ts the changes in installed capacity and generation, by fuel ty pe, that r esult for each tr ial standa rd level , as well a s chang es in end- use electricity

sales.

13.2 ASSUMPTIONS
NEMS-BT

has seve ral adva ntages that have led to its a

doption as

the sourc e for ba sic forecasting in DOE’s energ y-eff iciency a nalyses for a

ppliance standards. NEMS-BT relies on a set of assumptions that are well-known and fairly transparent, due to the exposure and scrutiny each AEO receives . In addition, the comprehensiveness of NEMS-BT permits the modeling of interactions among the various energ y supply and demand sectors and the economy as a whole, so it produ

ces a co mplete pic

ture of the effe cts of energy -effic iency

standar ds. Bec ause it explicitly simulates

the impact on the en

tire ene rgy sector, NEMS-BT

provides an accu rate estimation of marginal effects. This approac h yields better indicators of actual effects than estimate s based on

industry -wide av erage

values.13-3



## To be consistent with the system load data it used to de velop the input load decrement for each proposed trial standard level, the Depa rtment replaced the default NEMS system load shape in the AEO2005 Reference Case with one that repre sents normalized weather conditions for a typical meteorological yea r (TMY), which is referred to as the TMY sy stem load. 2 

## The Department’s reference

case is thus called the TMY Sy stem Load Referenc e Case. The differences between the AEO2005 Refere nce Case and the T MY Sy stem L oad Refe rence C ase are minor. For example, the total installed electricity generation capacity

in the TMY System Load Referenc e Case is only 0.6 perc ent higher than the capacity in the AEO2005 Reference Case in year

2025; total electricity g eneration is only 0.1 per cent higher in the TMY Sy stem Load Reference Case. The utility impact analy

sis used the assumptions of the AEO2005 and treated transformer efficie ncy standar ds as var iations in p olicy . The inpu t load dec rement r eprese nts an hour

ly reducti on to the su

bstituted syst

em load th at corr

esponds to

the ener gy savings resulting from a proposed distribution transformer standard. Because the implementation of standards reduces electricity de

mand by less than one pe rcent (between 0. 01 and 0 .8 perce nt in 2025)of total U .S. generation in any

given year, its effect cannot be detected directly by simulations. Therefore, the Department simulated larger reduc tions in demand, and interpolated results as the difference between the TMY Sy stem Load Referenc e Case and the proposed standard result. The Department assumed the effects to be linear w ithin the range of interpolation. The Department also explored deviations from some of the AEO2005 Refere nce Case assumptions, by represe

nting two alternative futures: the High and L ow Economic Growth Cases of AEO2005. The TM Y System Load Refe rence C ase cor respo nds t o medi um grow th. Th e High Economic Growth Case assumes higher projecte d growth rates for population, labor force , and labor productivity, resulting in lower predicted inflation and interest rates relative to the Reference Case and highe r overall aggreg ate economic growth. The opposite is true for the L ow Economic

Growth Ca se. The H igh Economic Growth Case r eflects growth in per ca pita gr oss domestic product of 2.5 percent per y ear, compared with 2.2 percent per year in the Re ference Case, an d 1.9 per cent per ye ar in the

Low E conomic G

rowth Cas e. Econo mic output g rows at a rate of 3.6 percent per y

ear in the High Economic Growth Case, 3.1 per cent per year in the Reference Case, and 2.5 perc ent per ye ar in the Low Economic Grow th Case. Different economic growth scenarios aff ect the rate of growth of ele ctricity demand. The Department ran the High and Low Ec onomic Growth Cases are only for the proposed standard level of each of tw o p ro du ct cl as se s: sp ec if ic al ly, li qu id -i mm er se d t ra ns fo rm er s T ri al St an da rd Lev el 2; an d d rytype, med ium-v oltage trans forme rs Tri al St andard Level 2. Durin g the co urse o f this rulem aking, EPACT 2005 set the standard for low-voltage, dry -type transf

ormers to TP 1, which is equivalent to Trial Sta

ndard L evel 1. T ables 13. 4.16 and 1 3.4.17 pr esent the results f or this sta ndard le vel, for reference.13-4



## 13.3 METHOD The utility impact analy

sis consisted of NEMS-BT forecasts for ge neration, installed capacity , and end-use energy consumption. Results are presented in five-y ear increments to y

ear 2025, including high and low economic grow th cases for the proposed standard level. Be yond 2025, DOE used an exogenous model called NEMS-BT2 to model and re port results to year 2038. The

Department dete

rmined the

size of the

load dec rement u sing dat

a for the per-uni t energ y sa vings de veloped i n the life -cy

cle cost (LCC)and pay

back pe riod (PB P) analy

sis (Chapter 8 of this technical support document (TSD)) and the shipments forec ast developed for the national impact analy sis (Chapter 9). Because the predicted re duction in capacity a dditions is sensitive to the peak load impact of the pr oposed sta

ndard, th e Depar

tment dev eloped a

mathemat

ical mode l of the ho

urly distribution transformer savings as a function of the hourly system load for ea

ch trial standard level. It applied energ

y decre ments to each month of each specified forec ast year , for three day typ es (w ee k d ay, we ek en d, an d p ea k d ay) , f or ea ch ho ur of

th e d ay. The Department used a double-d ecreme nt approac

h to model the utility

sector e ffect; i

t made two e

nergy decrem ents, one

to the NEM S-BT sy

stem load a

nd the othe

r to end-use consumption. 3 

## Making a decrem ent to the

hourly sys tem load e

nsured th at the util ity i

mpacts from this proposed s tandard were a ccurat ely repres ented an

d proper ly r eflecte d the hour

ly decrements calculated using the TMY Sy stem Load. 4


## In a ddition, be cause N

EMS-BT is

essentia lly a n energ y mo del in whic

h chang es made t

o load shapes do not propagate to the demand modules, DOE de creased the energy from refrig eration

end use in

the comme

rcial energy

demand se ctor by

an equiva

lent amou nt. Bec ause no specific end use for distribution transformers is represe nted in NEMS-BT, the Department needed to decrease demand-side consumption to maintain an energy balance on the supply

and demand si des of the

model. The

Department chose

the ref riger ation end use beca use it most closely repr

esents the peak load behavior of distribution transformers. I n the commercial demand module, energy

is forecasted on an annual basis, so DOE took an annual de crement by region from ref riger ation end -use con sumption. T o avoid do uble-co unting—b ecause

energ y is being taken out of both the electricity load shapes and the end-use energ y acc ounting—DOE added back a compensating re storation factor in the electric utility module. Therefore, following this approach, DOE applied the energ y decre ment twice, but restored one of them. This approach guaranteed that both the energ y and load sides of NE

MS-BT would be consistent with the estimate d energ

y sa vings.
Becau se the energy

savings from distr

ibution tra

nsforme r standa rds are too small to produce stable power sector results in NEMS-BT, the D epartment estimated results for the trial standard levels using interpolation. To run a simulation in NEMS-BT, DOE reduc ed the system electricity load a

nd commercial demand use annually , according to the energ y savings e stimated by the national ene

rgy savings (NES) Spreadsheet Model (see Chapter 10 in this TSD) for each trial stand ard lev el. Th ese ene rgy savings increa se ove r tim e. The m agnitu de of t he ener gy13-5



## decrement that would be required for NEMS-B T to produce stable results out of the range of numeric al noise is

great er than t he high est stand

ard leve l under c onsidera tion. Ther

efore, to estimate results f or the tri al standa

rd level s conside

red her e, DOE c arried

out a ser ies of NE MSBT runs, using higher values for the input energy

savings. These runs established the relationship between the NEMS-BT outputs (e.g., installed ca pacity reduc

tions, emissions reduct ions ) and t he ener gy savings i nput s. The Depart ment o btain ed resu lts f or ener gy savings corresponding to the trial standard levels using linea r interpolation. The Department then used the estimated reduction in total fuel g eneration at each trial standar d level, a s determi

ned by interpola tion, to de

termine e missions sa

vings. F irst, it calcula ted annua l margin al emissio ns rates

for eac h of the si mulations i

n each st andard l evel, based on the actual output from NEMS-BT. Marg inal emissions rates incorporate both effects of the stand ards—the emissions s aved by

the redu ction in tot

al gene ration, a nd the slig

ht chang e in the emissi ons char

acteris tics of the

whole pow er sect

or that re sult from t

he sligh t chang e in plants used to generate electricity (dispatch) and capacity

expansion. The net effect on the entire system is very

small and, typically

, the overall effect on emissions can be fully attributed to the reduce d gene

ration c apacity . The Dep artment t hen used the marginal emiss ions rate s to determine the annual marginal emissions rates for e ach trial standard level (at multipliers of the trial standard level savings) by taking a simple average. Since the AEO2005 version of NEMS forecasts only to the year 2025, the

Department needed to extrapolate the results to 2038, to be consistent with the rest of the rulemaking analyses. F or year

s 2026 through 2038, DOE estimated the results using a second ve rsion of NEMS-BT called NEMS-BT2 2050, which had bee n extensively modified to enable continued modeling through ye ar 2050. The 2050 horizon y ear for NEMS-BT 2 2050 was

selecte d to accommodate rulemakings with life cy cles longer than the 2025 horizon of the AEO2005 version of NEMS. This extension model was developed before the 2038 horizon y ear was chosen for the current rulemakings; therefore NEMS-BT2 2050 results for y ears 2039 through 2050 were ignored. This NEMS-BT2 2050 extension model is a modified version of the 2004 version of NEMS-BT . Due to th e extensiv e nature of the mod

ifications, it was i

mpossible t

o incorporate the changes included in NEMS-BT2 2050 in the 2005 version of N EMS-BT. Using NEMS-BT2 2050, DOE derived results using the same interpolation approac h described above and mathematically smoothed the tra nsition from year 2025 to 2026 whe re the results for the two model versions are joined. The extrapolated results are shaded g rey to distinguish them from the 2000–2025 results. For more information on the NEMS-BT2 2050 extension model, see Appendix 13A.

13.4 RESULTS Table 13.4.1 shows the results from the TMY Sy stem Load Referenc e Case. Results for the various trial standard level cases are pr esented in Tables 13.4.2 through 13.4.14 for each of the two product classes: liquid-immersed and dry -type, medium-voltag e transformers. Each13-6



## table shows forecasts using interpolated results as desc ribed in section 13.3 above for co mm er ci al en er gy s al es , t ot al U. S. el ec tr ic it y ge ne ra ti on , a nd in st al le d c ap ac it y. Commerci al ener

gy sales fa ll for ea ch propo sed stand

ard leve l compar

ed to the TMY System L oad Reference Case, due to the dec rement made to commercial refrig eration. The decrease in sales is comparable to the amount of e nergy that the NES Model predicts will be saved by ea

ch standard, ranging fr

om just over 0.01 percent to over 2.0 percent of total commerc ial elec tricity

sales by ye ar 2025. For ea

ch standa rd level , total U.S. electri city generation decrease s relative to the TMY System Load Reference Case, by just under 0.8 percent in year 2025 of

the maximum savings case (liquid-immersed transformer Trial Standard Level 6), but only by

less than 0.01 percent in dry-type, medium-voltag e transformer Trial Standard L evel 1. Total installed capacity is also slightly reduce d by eac h standard level, up to just over 0.6 percent in the final y

ear of the maximum savings case. The results under the High and L ow Economic Growth cases are prese nted for the proposed standar d level in Tables 13.4.15 th

rough 1 3.4.19. U

nder the High Ec onomic Gr

owth scenario, the savings have a slightly higher impact, while the L ow Growth scenario results in a slightly lower impact.13-7



## Table 13.4.1 TMY System Load Reference Case Forecast

NEhlS-HT 

### Re.ults: U»' W lo tDH 

# ... 2005 2010 2015 2020 202f Co""",,;.! ;;'''0' 

# En,,,, Co","""""" 

# ,
_m d, yS

... , l!Wh1' 1.159 

## '.N**,~ ,~ ,~ ,~**  N

" n>lG.> (lJ) 00 

### oTI offi**o~** 4 .14 

# ..**~,'"'** CW CW 1.10 US 

# '" '" l "' mlG.> (1<><1,) 

### OZ 3.16 

### o. 

### oW 0" 4 .17 Oth,,( Qu .d>l' 

# " " " '" 1.14 

# '"
k,d US H!"",., 

## G. " ,"

.""" 

# . Co>ll!Wh)**'.~** 

# ,m**,~** 

# ,m 

# ,m**,~**

## ~ 

# """ ro, w no 1,163**'.~ '.~** fOt.,loum(1'M<) 

### m m 

# " '" 

# ,. '" fu d.»l!Wh) N U 

# .>0**~** 

### ru ru Iionow"lo, (T,I/h) 

## m**~** 

### n "0**~** 

## a ToW(TWhl' 

# ,m**~ ~,** **~** 5.313 W 

# "".11 oJ**a."".,,.,,~** 

# c""",,,.,, · Co>l(GW) 31 4 .7 310 314.2 

# m, 34 7.6 

# m, Oth"Yo" i (GW/ EO 442.S 451.6 

# ru
. m 

# w
. fu d.»(GW) "0 

### m 1OJ.6 

## mu l[(1.7 l[(1.7 Iio""""lo, (GW) 

# "' 10n lCtl.1 Iml W7.S 114.2 ToW(GW!' 

# w, m**~,** 

# m. 1,M.7 1,165.S



## , Co ",, _. " T"

. .. 2 ci'

.. 

## 11)=, rr."yCC<UU >m Dn. C", ,, ,,, ew 'Co ",, _. " T"

. .. S ci'

.. 

## 11)=, Dodri,il'TS"', byS."h 'Jr"hd" di> tih

.. 

### fu.\ oonn
...

,;..] n .\ .ue
.. "" UG, m>b,., 

## cm. , 00>1, uri 

# .""",,10 .no"y 

# , Co ",, _. " T"lo

.. S ci'

.. 

## 11)=, Doo";'**Gono" ~**  uri Coonon b " 

## '!>cha" "OthuGo,.ou,**IU.~" ooonon** **~** .m "Othd "".nont", 

# ••**,,~ ~**  

# '"

. TI 'Z 

# ,m '.m



# ' " ru 

# '" 6.013



### m**~o** l[(

1.7 l1S.6 

# u '"

· Co ",, _. " T". A9 ci'

.. 

## 11)=, _.., Gonon b " .m**C_",,, ~**  c..p" iI y 'Jr"hd" "Oth"G.>.o."

### Y".~" ooonon b " 

## '!>cha" fl",'" Stono .m Yu.lC. 1> 

# • • ••



# " " = • ffi 

# • • " l.41



# . TI m 

# U, 

# "

3, 4 19**~** 

# ' ''' '.ill



### m m**~ ~** **~,** 

### w**~** 

# ,rn

m
. m TIU 

# m, lCtl.7 lCtl.7 ll9.7 121.1 1,: " ; 0 1,2>3313-8



## Table 13.4.2 Liquid-Immersed Transformers: Trial Standard Level 1 ForecastIii:;!!!!..........".,J'-'-.""""""-"0"2ii'"'''..-,-a;::'";""...Co'-".....-.,..................13-9



## Table 13.4.3 Liquid-Immersed Transformers: Trial Standard Level 2 Forecast



# - m**~ ~**  

# -- no n. 

## ',' " CO
.. 

# "" ' .'" 

# "" " 

# .. .. • • 

# ... ... 

# . .. . .. • • 

# •• •• •• • • 

# , . ". ,. , 

# .. '" 

# • • 

# •• •• •• • • •• 

# . .. 

# .. .. . •• • • 

# •• •• •• • • 

# , . 

# , . ". '" '" 

# • • 

# •• •• •• • •**', ~**  

## '.m 

# "" "" ', n 

# "


# .. 

# .. 

# .. • • " 

# • 

# .. ... ' '' ' 

# "" '.m 

# , ,, 

# .. 

# .. " 

# .. " " " 

# ,. , . ,. o
. o. 

# .. 

# .. " 

# .. .. " 

# .. , , 

# . , . m m 

# .. .. .. .. .. 

# .. • • 

# ... • • 

# .. .. .. 

# .. " 

# .. ..**', ~**  <,'" 

# " " 

# '

- ' ,'" 

# " " 

# .. 

# .. .. .. .. '''' 

# "" n
. 

# .. , 

# . .. n , 

# .. .. .. 

# ..13-10



## Table 13.4.4 Liquid-Immersed Transformers: Trial Standard Level 3 Forecast
2005 Results: Difference from Reference Case



# ... ,., m. 

# "" "" 

# ... . .. 

# . .. 

# ... ,., "" 

# "" "" 

# • • ""
1,'" 

# I,,, 1**~"** ',1<1 0)" 

# '" Do, ,,,,.,. ,..,,, (TWh) 

# " 00 

# -,., m 

# " _Ol.'**,~ ,~** '-1' 

# '-'. 

# "" '" N

_ "G"'(£1) '00 '00 000 0 00 '00 0 00 0 00 0"' 

# ,. 1.10 1." 

### U, 1.3, 

# '" 1.<1 O h "(£1) '00 '0' 0 00 0 00 '00 000 000 3." 3.10 3." 3-" 

### m 

# .. " '" '.n N

_ " G.., (Qu>."') '00 00' 000 000 '00 ' 00 ' 00 

# ,w 

# ''" "**,~** 1.1, 1." DO U< O h

.. (Qu>."') '00 00' 0 00 0 00 '00 0 00 0 00 

# ,,,00**1~"** 

## '»13 

# ')" ',318 

# ,**~"** 3,1" 31"**,~,** Coo.l(TWh) '0 00 

# "" 

# ,. " _8.1 _U.1 00. 

# '" 000**U~** 1,3<3 

# .", 1 ,3" 

# .", G" (T"") 00 00 _1.0 

### m m _'.0 _'. 0 00. 000 

# '" m 000 

### m 00' 

### m P' '' ,''_(TWh) 00 00 

# '" 

# "'. 00 

# " " " " m 

# " 

# ." .00 

# ." .00 N","",(TWh) 

# ,. 00 00 00 00 00 00 

### m, M .00 

### on 00. 

### m 

# '" m "'",,",-b", (TWh) 00 00 

# "" 

# "'. 00 

### _u _I.< 3188 

## ,»"**'~18 '~18** 

### , 00' 

# '"' ';l" ','00 Toc.l(T"") 00 00 

### -'-' 

### m 

# " -,'-'

310 314] 310.' 3<1.0 00 00 

# "" 00 _1.0

_ 1 .1

_1.113-11



## Table 13.4.5 Liquid-Immersed Transformers: Trial Standard Level 4 Forecast
2005 Results: Difference from Reference Case



# ... ,., m. 

# "" "" 

# ... . .. 

# . .. 

# ... ,., "" 

# "" "" 

# • • ""
1,'" 

# I,,, 1**~"** ',130 0)" 

# ')" 

# Do, ,,,, .,. ,..,,, (TWh) 00 00 _H 

# " _lOB 

# -, 

# ...**,~ ,~** <.1. 

# ..,. '" 

# '" N_"G"(£1) 000 000 000

. 00 000

. 00

. 00 0"' 

### o. 1.10 1.1, 000 1.3, 

# '" Ul O h "(£1) 000 000 0 00 0 00 000 000 000 3." 3.10 3." 3-" 

### m 

# .. " '" '.n N_" G., (Qu>."') 000 000 000 000 000 0 00 0 00 

### ow 0'" 

# "**,~** 1.1. 1." DO DO O h

.. (Qu>."') 000 000 0 00 0 00 000

. 00

. 00 

# ,,,00**1~"** 

## '»13 

# ')" ',318 

# ,**~"** 3,166 31"**,~** Coo.l(TWh) 00 00 00' _, .1 

# "
- 

# .. , _1'-' 

# '" ON no**oo~** 1,3"**,~** 1,3" 

# ,,,, G" (T"") 00 00 

### -'-' _H 

# " _10.' 

# '" '" '" m 

# '" m 

# '" m P' '' ,''_(TWh) 00 00 00' 000 00 

# " " " " no 

# " "0 000 0" 

# '" N","",(TWh) 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 

# '" M 

# '" 

# . " 00 • 

### m m m "'",,",-b", (TWh) 00 00 00' 000 00 _U _l.O 3188 

## .»"**'~18 .~"**  

### , 00' 

# '"' , ;l<l 

# ','''' Toc.l(T"") 00 00 _3.3 

# " _lOB 

### -,'-'

00 00 000 _0.1 _1.1 

# _I.' 

# ,

,13-12



## Table 13.4.6 Liquid-Immersed Transformers: Trial Standard Level 5 Forecast

, n- n- n- n- " 00 00 ao I Vt.fl)j>OJ Clot , .... net '" ,- .. , ,.,1' ,m >tl'**~'''''''D** h<,p,,,,'f! P'11"l"" "

• w- 0-"- '-D>:- ""- nl- n- 00 00 (,..,I)1'>'1 "t, tlt,**,,~,** .e, ,., Itil.**<1~'** "if • 88t, n- n- H- " 00 0-1- 00 00**('<&l),~q.......,,,,** '" m m ... n • ... m ro. '" 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00**NI'..L)"~"'H** m '" "' ., '" " m " m " " ..o- n 0' " 00 00**NI'..L)-'~' ·'**  m m m m m m '" m m 0·"'- ,-,j- ..o- n 00 n- 00 00 (,..,l) "fl .e, .", "" ott! '" 1 ""**~** 0" '" nc- ,

- tI- n!- 001- e> " 00 00 ('<&.<)1>00 , .. 1" , m', ®, w', 01 " "t, "if, "61 """ 000 000 000 000 00 0 00 0 000 000 (.,TI<j),, 'J o .00 m ,n ., HI ro, ro, .00 000 00 0 00 0 000 000 000 000 000 000 (",TI<j) '''' I' '''>' H n. >CO ,,.. ,n '" ,n 6n on ,,., 00 0 00 0 000 000 00 0 00 0 000 000 ([x) " " 0 In on ,u ,n on ,n on .0 .0 00 0 00 0 000 00 0 00 0 00 0 000 000 (cr)n<JI' '''>' H 00. on ,n on H. ro, .. , n.- ,-,,- ,-"'- '''- nI- H- 00 00 N&l)**,~'" ",x** **,>tI** ""1" ,,( , on', m, ""I ",11 ""1**""''''~"=D** (S".q**~"'S """"~""D**  "" .• d.",,,,,,, "" .oo fm om "Ol llO' 0.' .oo .. oo .. oo .oo "Ol om "Ol om 0.' .oo .- -- as\!;) aJUa.laJ""H P<!O'I Ul"l"AS AWl UlillJ aJUa.la1J!G :SJ.fI\"'1I**500~**13-13



## Table 13.4.7 Liquid-Immersed Transformers: Trial Standard Level 6 Forecast
2005 Results: Difference from Reference Case



# ... ,., m. 

# "" "" 

# ... . .. 

# . .. 

# ... ,., "" 

# "" "" 

# • • ""
1,'"**1~3<** 1**~"** ',103 0)" ',113 

# Do, ,,,, .,. ,..,,, (TWh) 00 00 

# -, 

# .. _18.3 

# -". _09.'**,~ ,~** '.1< 

# ..,. '" 

# '" N_"G"'(£1) 000 000 0 00 0 00 000 0 00 0 00 0"' 

## o. 1.10 

## '-" 000 1.3, 

# '" 1.<1 O h "(£1) 000 000 0 00 0 00 000 000 000 3." 3.10 3.<9 3-" 

### m 

# .. " '" '.n N_" G.., (Qu>."') 000 000 000 000 000 0 00 0 00 0

.. 0'" 

# "**,~** '-I< 

## '-" DO DO O h

.. (Qu>."') 000 000 0 00 0 00 000 0 00 0 00 

# ,,,"
19" 

## '»13 ')3< ',3 " ,**~11** 3,'" 3,3" 

# ,>, Coo.l(TWh) 00 00 _I.< 

# " _"3 

# -"., _<0.1

'00 

# '" n, 1)" 1,330**1~"** 1 ,3"**1~"** G" (T"") 00 00 _H 

# " _IOj -:lB.' -:lB.' 

# '" '" m m m m 

# '" '" P' '' ,''_(TWh) 00 00 00' 

# _1.' _1.' 

# " " " " m 

# " 000 000 000 00' N","",(TWh) 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 

# '" M 

# '" ." 

# '" m m m "'",,",-b", (TWh) 00 00 

### _u 

# " -'-' _3.8 _<.3 3188 

## .»"**.~"** 

### 00" , 00' 

# "


# .. , )"**,~"** Toc.l(T"") 00 00 _'.1 _18.' 

# -". _no

00 00 000 '0 _'.1 _'-3



# ,13-14



## Table 13.4.8 Dry-Type, Low-Voltage Transformers: Trial Standard Level 1 Forecast
2005 Results: Difference from Reference Case



# ... ,., m. 

# "" "" 

# ... 

# . .. 

# . .. 

# ... ,., "" 

# "" "" ""
1,'"**1~30** 1**~31** ',1>0 0)" 

### ',m 

# Do, ,,,,.,. ,..,,, (TWh) 

# " 00 

# .,., ·13.3 

### ·n. 

# .. ".**,~ ,~** '-1' 

# .. " '" 

# '" N

_ "G"'(£1) '00 '00 

## o
. o
. '00 

## o
. 

# 0"' 

# ,. 1.10 '-I> 00' 1.3, 

# '" 1.<1 O h "(£1) '00 

# '0' o
. o
. '00 

## o. 3." 3.10 3.<9 3-" 

### m '.3> 

# '" '.n N

_ " G.., (Qu>."') '00 00' 

## o. o. '00 

# , . , 

# .. ''" "**,~** 1.1. 

## '-" DO DO O h

.. (Qu>."') '00 

# '0' o
. o
. '00 

## o
. 

# ,,,"**1~"** 

## '»13 ')34 ',3 10 ,**~18** 3,1>1 3,303 

# ,,,, Coo.l(TWh) 00 00 

# ., 00 

# .", .,,-, 

# '" ON 

### m 1)" 1,341 

### 00" , 00'**1~"** G" (T"") 00 00 

### .,-, 00 

# ., .. .,,-, 

# '" '" '" m m m 

# '" m P' '' ,''_(TWh) 00 00 

# .. ., 00 00 

# " " m 

# " '" '00 

# '" '" N","",(TWh) 00 00 00 00 00 00 

# '" M 

### m 

# '" '" m m m "'",,",-b", (TWh) 

# '0 00 000 

# " 00 ·'.1 3188 

## .»"**'~I> '~1l** 

# '"'**'~13** , ;>18**,~"** Toc.l(T"") 00 00 

# ., 

# .. ·13.' .".1 

# .".,

00 00 000 

# " ·'.1 

# ,



# ,13-15



## Table 13.4.9 Dry-Type, Medium-Voltage Transformers: Trial Standard Level 1 Forecast
2005 Results: Reference Ca""



# , 

# .. ,., 20" 

# "" "" 

# ... . .. 20
.. 

# ... ,., m. 

# "" "" 

# •• 

# . ..
1,'" 1**~" ,,~**  0)" ')13 

# ')" 00 00 _0.1 _0.1**~,**

_ 0 .' 

# "**,~** 

### m '.l< .00 • 00 

# ... o • o
. 000 '00 0 00 

### o
. 000 

# '" '00 1.10 1." '00 

### m 

# '" 1.<1 00.'(EJ) 000 000 000 '00 0 00 000 000 W 3.10 3.<9 

# '" '" 

# '" 

# ." '.n N. un. l Go< (Q'""") 000 000 000 '00 000 ' 00 ' 00 '00 0." 

# " '" 1.1. DO 

### uo 1.3. oo.'(Q'""") 000 000 000 '00 0 00 000 000



# , 'ro' '»13 

# ')" O,lOO**,~"** 3)1' 3,<10 

# ,, 00 CO<! (TWh) 00 00 '0 00**~,** _0.' 

# "**~,** 

# '" m 1 )"**1~"** 1**~10 1~"** **1~1O** G..,(TWh) 00 00 00 _0.1 

# ..

_ 0 .' 

# " '" '" '" '" '" m 

# '" m 

# P"""""' (T"") 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 

# '" " m 

# '" '" '" '" 

# ...**~"(TWh)** 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 

# '" M 

# ... m 

# ." '" m m**""",",b~,** (TWh) 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 3188 

## .»"**.~"** 

# .**~" '~13** **,~** 

### ',m Tru.l(TWh) 00 00 _0.1 _0.1**~,**

_ 0 .' 

# "

00 00 00 00 00 0013-16



## Table 13.4.10 Dry-Type, Medium-Voltage Transformers: Trial Standard Level 2 Forecast
2005 Results: Difference from Reference Case



# ... ,., m. 

# "" "" 

# ... . .. 

# . .. 

# ... ,., "" 

# "" "" 

# •• " "
1,'"**1~"** 1**~"** ',153 0;>13 

# ')" 

# Do, ,,,, .,. ,..,,, (TWh) 00 00 

# .,**~,** _0.' _0. 1 _0.8**,~ O~**  '-1' 

# ..,. 0" 0" N

_ "G"'(£1) 000 000 0 00 0 00 000 0 00 0 00 0"' 

## o. 1.10 

## '-" 000 1.3, 

# '" 1.<1 O h "(£1) 000 000 0 00 0 00 000 000 000 3." 3.10 3." 3-" 

### m 

# .. " '" '.n N

_ " G.., (Qu>."') 000 000 000 000 000 0 00 0 00 0

.. 0'" 

# "**,~** 1.1. 

## '-" DO DO O h

.. (Qu>."') 000 000 0 00 0 00 000 000 000 

# ,,,"**1~"** 

# '»13 

# ')" 00" 

# ,**~"** 3,m 31" 

# "


# .. Coo.l(TWh) 00 00 00 

# ., " _0.3

_ 0 .' 

# '" ON no 1)" 1 ,3"**1~1O** 1,3"**1~1O** G" (T"") 00 00 

# ., ., _0.1

_ 0 .3

_ 0 .' 

# '" '" '" m 

# '" m 

# '" m P' '' ,''

_ (TWh) 00 00 00 00 

# " 00 00 

# " " m 

# " "0 000 0" 

# '" N ", "",(TWh) 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 

# '" M 

# '" W 

# '" '" on m "'",,",-b", (TWh) 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 3188 

# .»"**.~" .~"** , ,313 

# ,»" 

# '"' ',m Toc.l(T"") 00 00 

# .,**~,** _0.'

_ 0

. 1

_ 0 .8

00 00 00 00 00

_ 0 .113-17



## Table 13.4.11 Dry-Type, Medium-Voltage Transformers: Trial Standard Level 3 Forecast
2005 Results: Difference from Reference Case



# ... ,., m. 

# "" "" 

# ... . .. 

# . .. 

# ... ,., "" 

# "" "" 

# •• " "
1,'"**1~"** 1**~"** ',153 0;>13 

# ')" 

# Do, ,,,,.,. ,..,,, (TWh) 00 00 

# .,**~,** 

# " _1.0 _1.0**,~ ,~** <.1. 

# ..,. '" 

# '" N

_ """(£1) 000 000 0 00 0 00 000 000 000 0"' 

## o. 1.10 1.1, 000 1.3, 

# '" Ul O h "(£1) 000 000 0 00 0 00 000 000 000 3." 3.10 3." 3-" 

### m 

# .. " '" '.n N

_ " "., (Qu>."') 000 000 000 000 000 0 00 0 00 0

.. 0'" 

# "**,~** 1.1. 1." DO 

# '" O h

.. (Qu>."') 000 000 0 00 0 00 000 000 000 

# ,,,"**1~"** 

# '»13 

# ')" 00" 

# ,**~"** 3,m 3118 

# "


# .. Coo.l(TWh) 00 00 00 

# ., " _0.' _0.' 

# '" ON no 1)" 1 ,3"**1~1O** 1,383**1~1O** "" (T"") 00 00 

# .,**~,** _0.1

_ 0 .'

_ 0 .' 

# '" '" '" m 

# '" m 

# '" m P' '' ,''

_ (TWh) 00 00 00 00 

# " 00 00 

# " " m 

# " "0 

# '" '" '" N ", "",(TWh) 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 

# '" M 

# '" W 

# '" '" on m "'",,",-b", (TWh) 00 00 00 00 00 00 _0.1 3188 

# .»"**.~" .~"** , ,3" 

# ,»" 

# '"' ',m Toc.l(T"") 00 00**~, ~,** 

# " _1. 0 _1.0

00 00 00 00

_ 0 .1

_ 0 .113-18



## Table 13.4.12 Dry-Type, Medium-Voltage Transformers: Trial Standard Level 4 Forecast
2005 Results: Difference from Reference Case



# ... ,., m. 

# "" "" 

# ... . .. 

# . .. 

# ... ,., "" 

# "" "" 

# •• " "
1,'"**1~"** 1**~"** ',153 

# "" ')" 

# Do, ,,,, .,. ,..,,, (TWh) 

# " 00**~, ~,** 00 _1.> _1. ' 

# '"**,~** <.1. 

# ..,. '" 

# '" N

_ """(£1) '00 '00 0 00 0 00 '00 000 000 0"' 

# ,. 1.10 1.1, 

# '" 1.3, 

# '" Ul O h "(£1) '00 '0' 0 00 0 00 '00 000 000 3." 3.10 3." 3-" 

### m 

# .. " '" '.n N

_ " "., (Qu>."') '00 00' 000 000 '00 ' 00 ' 00 

# ,w 

# ''" "**,~** 1.1. 1." DO 

# '" O h

.. (Qu>."') '00 00' 0 00 0 00 '00 000 000 

# ,,,00**1~"** 

## '»13 

# ')" 00" ,**~31** 3,11< 3118 

# "


# .. Coo.l(TWh) 00 00 00 

# .. 00 _0. 1 _1.0 

# '" ON 

### m 1)" 1,3" ,,,0 1 ,383 ,,,0 "" (T"") 00 00 

# '" '" 00

_ 0

. 1

_ 0 .8 

# '" '" '" no 

# '" m 

# '" m P' '' ,''

_ (TWh) 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 

# " " m 

# " '" '00 

# '" '" N ", "",(TWh) '0 00 00 00 00 00 00 

# '" M 

# '" W 

# '" '" m m "'",,",-b", (TWh) '0 00 00 00 _0.1 _0.1 _0.1 3188 

## .»"**.~" .~"** , ,3" 

## '»ll 

# '" ',431 Toc.l(T"") '0 00**~, ~,** 00 

### _u _1.8

00 00 00 _0.1

_ 0 .1

_ 0 .113-19



## Table 13.4.13 Dry-Type, Medium-Voltage Transformers: Trial Standard Level 5 Forecast
2005 Results: Difference from Reference Case



# ... ,., m. 

# "" "" 

# ... . .. 

# . .. 

# ... ,., "" 

# "" "" 

# • • ""
1,'"**1~"** 1**~"** 

### ',m 

## 0;>11 

# ')" 

# Do, ,,,, .,. ,..,,, (TWh) 00 00 

# ., ., 00 _03 _'.8**,~ ,~** '-1' 

# ..,. '" 

# '" N

_ "G"'(£1) 000 000 0 00 0 00 000 0 00 0 00 0"' 

## o. 1.10 

## '-" 000 1.3, 

# '" 1.<1 O h "(£1) 000 000 0 00 0 00 000 000 000 3." 3.10 3." 3-" 

### m 

# .. " '" '.n N

_ " G.., (Qu>."') 000 000 000 000 000 0 00 0 00 0

.. 0'" 

# "**,~** 1.1. 

## '-" DO DO O h

.. (Qu>."') 000 000 0 00 0 00 000 0 00 0 00 

# ,,,"**1~"** 

## '»13 

# ')" u"
,**~31** 3,11< 3111**3~"** Coo.l(TWh) 00 00 00 

# ., 00 _1.1 

### _u 000 

# '" no 1)" 1 ,3" ,,,0 1 ,383 ,,,0 G" (T"") 00 00 

# .. ., 00 

### _u _1.3 

# '" '" '" m 

# '" m 

# '" m P' '' ,''_(TWh) 00 00 00 00 _0.1 00 00 

# " " no 

# " 000 000 0" 

# '" N","",(TWh) 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 

# '" M 

# '" W 

# '" '" m m "'",,",-b", (TWh) 00 00 

# .. .. _0.1 _0.1 _0.1 3188 

## .»"**.~" '~83**  , ,3" 

## '»11 

# '" ',no Toc.l(T"") 00 00 

# •• ., 00 _H _3.0

00 00 00 _0.1

_ 0 .1 _0.'13-20



## Table 13.4.14 Dry-Type, Medium-Voltage Transformers: Trial Standard Level 6 Forecast

NEMS-BT 2005 Results: Difference from TMY System Load Reference Case



# -- -- ," 1. "M "" 10" 

# "" "" 

# "" >0. 

# ... . .. J /

... 'M' "" 

# "" "" 

# "" 

# •• "" 

# . .. Conmw.''''_In"" "","""p'.'"**C""~'m4** "',,'" _'"**C="~p"'"**

# '·~"'·<'~**1** 

# ""

'>' I,'"**1~"** 1**~"** 

# 'oo' ',m , ;1l1 

# ')" "',, " d ,.**s.~,** (TWh) 

# " 00 

# <, « 

# " .1.0 .1.3 ·'.8 

# " II

_ .IG"'(EJ) ,.,3 333 

# 'OO 

# '" '.1<

... 0 

# ". <c, • n N

_ "G"'(EJ) 

# ," '" 000 000 

# ," ,00 ,00 ,00 

# ..**~_(EJ)** 0.09 

# ," 1.10 1." 

# ", 1.0, 1.3, 

# '" Ul O h" (EJ) 

# ," ," 000 000 

# ," ,00 ,00 ,00 

# '

. 1I

_ "G..,(C,lli"') 3." >.1, 3." 3.00 

### m '.11 

# .. " '" •.n N

_ " G.., (C,lli"') 

# ," ," .00 .00 

# ," ,00 , 00 , 00 

# , . 0_(C,lli"') 0." 

### ow 

# " 

# ." 1.1< 

# .. 1." DC DO O h

.. (C,lli"') 

# ," ,0, 000 000 

# ," ,00 0 00 0 00 

# '

. r",,,, "5 

## n,,,,. ",,,,,,,,.,,, r",,,, "5 

# Z"_ Gm_ Co<I(TWh)**1~"** 

## '»13 

# ')" 00" ,**~31 ,~,**  3,11< 3111**3~"** Co<l(TWh) ,0 00 00 

# <, 00 .1.1 .1.1 

### ·u 

# " G" (TWh) 00. 

# '" m 1)" 1,3"**1~"** 

# .", 1 ,383 

# .", G" (T"") ,0 00 

# <, <, 00 ·0.' .1.0 .1.3 00
•• tro h ",(TWh) 

# . " " 

# . '" m 

# .,. <0, 

### m 

# ", m**P. '~** **""' (TWh)**  ,0 00 00 00 ·0.1 00 00 00 00 _"u(T"") 

# " ," m 

# " 

# ", ," ," 

# ," ,00 N ",h ,(TWh) 

# " 00 00 00 

# " 00 00 00 00**"''''''''''~,** (TWh) 

# ," M • 00 

# ... 00, 

# .. 'co m m**"'""",,b~,** (TWh) 

# " 00 

### « « ·0.1 ·0.' 

### « « 

# " T""'(TWh) 3188 

## .»"**'~ll '~83** , ,3" 

# ','" '»ll 

# ". ',<30 Tru.l(T"") 

# " " <0 00 

# " .l.O ·H ·3. 0 

# "
rn.,tdkd**Gm"'~i""** C ""',','" rn."""", 

# "''''_.''Ie**C"",,,i ~**  Co<I(GW) 31<.1 31" 

## 31<] 3>0.1 3<U 

# ,m <3'.1 <10.' 

# '''D Co<l(GW) 

# " 00 00 00 ·0.1 ·0.' 

### « 

# '" 

# " 0_ Y",iI (GW) 

### :m.o 

# "" 

# "'" "'.3 

# ""., '"' "' .0 ,,1.0 

# ",. O h

.. Y"'iI(GW) ,0 00 00 

### « ·0.1 ·0.' ·0.3 ·0.3 

# " _"u(GW) 

# "" 

# "., .00 0 100.' 10,., 100 .1 10,., 10,., 10'. ' N ",h ,(GW) 

# " 00 00 00 

# " 00 00 00 00**"''''''''''~,** (GW) 03.1 100] 100.1 103.1 101.0 

## ll<] 118.' 110.' ,,1.1**"'""",,b~,** (GW) 

# " 00 00 00 

# " 00 00 00 00 T",,' G 

# '''.1 ""**~,** 

# '" 

# ., • 

# '" 1 "" 00 

# • '0 

# • 

# "**,~** 

# , 00 00 00 

### « 

# " ·0.) 

# " ·0. ' 0013-21



## Table 13.4.15 Liquid-Immersed Trial Standard Level 2 Low Economic Growth Forecast
NEMS-BT R.sult.: 

# I 

# '00' "" C

..

## ~",;,,)""", 

# 2>, ';'**Cl""~",,** ",_ ", S.lo'IT \>,h 1 1.11' 1.>60 Nom.l""IDI 3.<3 330 oo"'IDI 090 098 N om.l ""IQ><d<1 ", 3.1' 00"'1Q><d<1 094 093 

### r,,., "5 

### E""rn "",,,.ro. >00. 

### 1.<'" 

# '" ,. 3.41 

# "

,,,lIT \>,h 1 

## 1."" OJ'" 

## '.m ""IT""'I 

### 1m P •

• "

.... IT \>,h 1 III**Ib: ~**  .. IT \>,h 1 

# ,,< R

...
_ , • ., IT""'I '" Toc.!IT\>,h1 ",38 

# ""oild**""',,~** 

# • •**C>,>,.;~** ,,,lIGWI 314.1 oo",'"" i IGWI**1b: ~"IGWI**  I R"'_""I""'I I Toc.! GW 

# "', m 03.1 109.1 

### on aso 118 1>0 106 813 410 430 

### <P60 <.<"

31U 

### m.< 

### m 100.1 

# ''''.1 313.1 

# 44" 

# .00.

10'" 

# 'H 

# "" 

# ... 

# - " " " 

# ..**1~"** 

# '" 1.14 OJ')1 '."'" 

## '.m '.148 H' <.10 ." HI U< 130 1.36 13. 

# '" .00 HI 4.18 U8 <54 1.1, U3 Uil 13'**,~,.** 

### lm<

m 

# "**.~** 

### <.136**'~ll** 

# '"



# ... '00 

### m 

## '.m

310.1 3:1,. 3".' 

### <36.< 038.1 ,,<., 100.' "' .1 100.1 lOo.! » H 100.' ."' .• 1.0"0 1.M.l 

# '.""**.~** 

### m w 

# " '.033 

## ,,00**1~1O** .00 

# '" 

# .., 'm'**3~IO 1~"**  >00 

# ". 

# ••**,~,**

30 I

H <". 0 443.1 

# "" ,,1.0 ''".1 100.1 101.1 100.1 113' 111.0 

### m.'**1** II

.. .. I

..... ' 

### Diff

.... "". fro

... TMY Syst

.... 

### L o ad L o w Growtk R.Ie

... llco 

# I 

# '00' "''' C>n",;")",,',,, h"V

### J,**,;,.~,,,,** "" "15 ,." 

# "" r**"~,,** 

# .. .,,_..,s.lo'IT""'I aD aD _1.' _H _13 _10.< _13.0 _I1D _1O D Nom.l""I"1 O.OJ 000 O.OJ O.OJ 000 aDO 0 .00 000 0 00 O.OJ O.OJ 000 aDO 0 .00 000 0 00 O.OJ O.OJ 000 aDO 0 .00 000 0 00 0. 00 O.OJ 000 aDO 0 .00 000 0 00 00"'1"1 O.OJ 000 Nom.l""IQ><d<1 O.OJ 000 00"'1Q><d<1 O.OJ 000 

### r"" "5 

### Ekern**""'"~,,** CooIIT""'I aD aD _0.1 _1.4 _'-' _4.1 _H _03 _lH 

### ""1TWh) aD aD -a.' _0] _09 _'.0 _,., _," 

### _n

" " ",,- IT\>,h1 aD aD 0.0 -0, _13 _0.1 0.' 0] 0]**Ib: ~**  .. IT""I aD aD 0.0 aD aD 0.0 0.0 aD a D**Ro", ~,**  IT \>,h 1 aD aD _0.1 -03 aD _0.' -0 .' _lD

_ l.l Toc.!IT""1 aD aD _1.1 _H _'.1 _'.1 _13.' _lOB**_18 ~**  j"lolld**""',,~** • •**C>,>,.;~** CooIIGWI aD aD _0.1 -0, -03 _0.' -0 .1 _U 00",10< " 1""'1 aD aD 0.0 -0.1 _lD _l.l _1.' _'D**1b: ~"IGWI**  aD aD 0.0 aD aD 0.0 0.0 aD**Ro"'_~'IGWI** aD aD 0.0 aD aD _0.1 -0 .3 _03 Toc.!**~W** 00 00 _0.1 -09 _1.4 _'.0

_ , ..13-22



## Table 13.4.16 Dry-Type, Low-Voltage Transformers: Trial Standard Level 1 High Economic Growth Forecast
NEMS-BT Results: DiffirellCe f ro lll TMY Systelll Load Hi;;k G ro wtlt ReferellCe 

# b_

. 

# - , J , "'" , .. , mo 

# "" "" 

# , 

# .. 

# - H. H. 

# cl ,'

... "." 10" 

# , 

# .. "" 

# ". • • H • 

# . " C>n"d","",,, 

## h". c:",

.. ,,,,,**c",,~,,~** 

### ",,'''' 

## h"" C""

... ""**~"'Sol"I~)** 1.1" 

# ". I . ."**,~** 1$84 

# "''' '.m**~'"** 

# ""**~~S.l"** IT"",! 00 00 

# -,., _133 

# _'L4 N. _38" 

# _.H _,H NomoI""I") 3.<3 

### m 

# ". ,. W 

# D.


# .. " '-01 

# , 

# . NomoI""I") 

### o m 000 000 000 000 

# o. 000 000 0 00 00"'1") 

# o. '00 1.10 

# '" " '" UO 1.<1 

# ,. oo-..ID) 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 0 00 Nomoi"" lQuod<) 3." 3.10 

# '" '" om 

### m 000 

# .. " O • Nomoi"" lQu<d<) 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 0 00 00", I Quod<) 0" 

# m' ,ro 

# '" 1.1< 

# '" '" 

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, 00 -l "13-23



## Table 13.4.17 Dry-Type, Low-Voltage Transformers: Trial Standard Level 1 Low Economic Growth Forecast
NEMS-BT R.sult.: 

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## Table 13.4.18 Dry-Type, Medium-Voltage Transformers: Trial Standard Level 2 High Economic Growth Forecast
NEMS-BT Results: DiffirellCe f ro lll TMY Systelll Load Hi;;k G ro wtlt ReferellCe 

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. 1 

# "13-25



## Table 13.4.19 Dry-Type, Medium-Voltage Transformers: Trial Standard Level 2 Low Economic Growth Forecast

NEMS-BTResults: 

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.. TMY SysteJll L o ad L o w Growtlt Referellco 

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- 1

. 113-26 

## REFEREN CES
1. U.S. Department of Energy - Energy Information Administration. Annual Energy Outlook 2005: With Projections Through 2025. January, 2005. Washington, DC. Report No. DOE/EI A-0383( 2005). <

http://www .eia.doe .gov/oia f/aeo/in dex.html>
2. U.S. Department of Energy -Office of Building Technolog ies. Technica l Support Docume nt: Energ y Conserv

ation Progr

am for Comm ercial an d Industri al Equipme

nt: Energy Conservation Standards for Commercial Unitary Air Conditioners and Heat Pumps - ANOPR Version. Appendix 0. 2004. U.S. Department of Energy . Washington, DC. Report No. LBNL -53983.
3. LaCommare, K. H., E. Gumerma n, C. Marnay, P. Chan, and K. Coug hlin. A New Approach for Modeling the Peak Utility Impacts from a Proposed CUAC Standard. 2004. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory . Berkeley , CA. Report No. LBNL -55269.
4. U.S. Department of Energy -Office of Building Technolog ies. Technica l Support Docume nt: Energ y Conserv

ation Progr

am for Comm ercial an d Industri al Equipme

nt: Energy Conservation Standards for Commercial Unitary Air Conditioners and Heat Pumps - ANOPR Version. Chapter 6. 2004. U.S. Department of Energy . Washington, DC. Report No. LBNL -53983.