CIA Cold War Records

The CIA under Harry Truman
Cover Photo: President Truman and General Walter &dell Smith, Director of Central Intelligence,

at the Oval Office, White House, 1951. (Alfred Wagg, Photo Worg New York)
CIA Cold War Records

The CIA under Harry Truman

Editor

Michael Warner

History Staff

Centerfor the Study ofIntelligence

Central Intelligence Agency

Washington, DC

1994
These documents have been approved for release through the Flistorical

Review Program of the Central Intelligence Agency. 22 January 1994

HRP:94-4

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Part I: From OSS to CIA

1. William J. Donovan, Memorandum for the President,

13 September 1945

William D. Leahy, Memorandum for the Secretary of War and

Secretary of the Navy, Establishment of a central intelligence

service upon liquidation of OSS, 19 September 1945

Executive Order 9621, 20 September 1945

Truman to Donovan, 20 September 1945

Sidney W. Souers, Memorandum for Commander Clifford,

27 December 1945

John Magruder, Memorandum for Maj. Gen. S. Leroy Irwin,

Assets of SSU for Peace-time Intelligence Procurement,

15 January 1946

Truman to the Secretaries of State, War, and Navy, 22 January 1946

National Intelligence Authority, minutes of the National

Intelligence Authoritys 2nd Meeting, 8 February 1946

National Intelligence Authority Directive 1, Policies and

Procedures Governing the Central Intelligence Group, 8 February 1946

Central Intelligence Group, Daily Summary, 15 February 1946

Souers to National Intelligence Authority, Progress Report on the

Central Intelligence Group, 7 June 1946

George M. Elsey, Memorandum for the Record, 17 July 1946

National Intelligence Authority, minutes of the NIAs 4th Meeting,

17 July 1946

Clifford to Leahy, 18 July 1946

CIG, Office of Research and Evaluation, ORE 1, Soviet Foreign and Military Policy, 23 July 1946

Leahy to General Hoyt S.] Vandenberg, 12 August 1946

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11.

12.

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15.

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11

15

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29

33

35

53

55

63

65

77

Contents

.

Page

Foreword ix

Preface xi

Sources and Declassification xxix

Acronyms and Abbreviations xxxi

Persons Mentioned xxxiii

Chronology xli

1

3

39

41
17. Leahy to the President, 21 August 1946 79

18. Vandenberg, Memorandum for the President, 24 August 1946 81

19. Ludwell L. Montague, Memorandum for General Vandenberg, Procurement of Key Personnel for ORE, 24 September 1946

85

20. Vandenberg, Memorandum for the Assistant Director for Special

Operations Donald Galloway], Functions of the Office of Special

Operations, 25 October 1946

87

21. CIG Intelligence Report, 16 December 1946 91

22. Donald Edgar, Memorandum for the Executive to the Director 93

Edwin K. Wright], An Adequacy Survey of The Adequacy

Survey of the CIG Daily and Weekly Summaries as it was

Prepared by OCD on 9 December 1946, 2 January 1947

23. CIG, Office of Reports and Estimates, ORE 1/1, Revised Soviet

Tactics in International Affairs, 6 January 1947

99

24. Walter L. Pforzheimer, Memorandum for the Record, Proposed 105

Legislation for C.I.G., 28 January 1947

25. CIG Intelligence Report, 11 February 1947 111

26. National Intelligence Authority, minutes of the NIAs 9th Meeting, 12 February 1947113

27. Montague, Memorandum for the Assistant Director, R & E 123

3. Klahr Huddle], Conversation with Admiral Foskett regarding

the C.I.G. Daily and Weekly Summaries, 26 February 1947

28. CIG Intelligence Report, 27 February 1947 125

29. Elsey to Clifford, Central Intelligence Group, 14 March 1947 127

Part II: The CIA under DCI Hilenkoetter 129

30. National Security Act of 1947, 26 July 1947 (Excerpt) 131

31. R. H. Hillenkoetter to the National Intelligence Authority,

National Security Act of 1947, 11 September 1947 (Excerpt)

137

32. Central IntelIigenc~ Agency, Office of Reports and Estimates,

CIA 1, Review of the World Situation as it Relates to the Security

of the United States, 26 September 1947

139

33. ORE 55, The Consequences of the Partition of Palestine,

28 November 1947

149

34. National Security Council, NSCID 1, 12 December 1947 169

35. National Security Council, NSC 4-A, 17 December 1947 173

36. National Security Council, NSCID 7, 12 February 1948 177

37. ORE 47/1, The Current Situation in Italy, 16 February 1948 181

38. Hillenkoetter, Memorandum for the Assistant Director for Special

Operations Galloway], Additional functions of Office of Special

Operations, 22 March 1948

191
39. Pforzheimer to Arthur H. Schwartz, 6 May 1948 197

40. Hillenkoetter, Memorandum for the Executive Secretary Souers],

Psychological Operations, 11 May 1948

201

41. Hillenkoetter to J. S. Lay, 9 June 1948 203

42. ORE 41-48, Effect of Soviet Restrictions on the US Position in

Berlin, 14 June 1948

207

43. National Security Council, NSC 10/2, 18 June 1948 213

44. Hillenkoetter, Memorandum for the Record, 4 August 1948 217

45. ORE 25-48, The Break-up of the Colonial Empires and its

Implications for US Security, 3 September 1948

219

46. Lawrence R. Houston, Memorandum for the Director,

Responsibility and Control for OPC, 19 October 1948

235

47. Frank G. Wisner, Memorandum for the Director of Central

Intelligence, OPC Projects, 29 October 1948

241

48. Gustav Huger], Observations on the Communist Peace

Offensive, 21 January 1949

243

49. Wisner, Memorandum for the Director of Central Intelligence,

Observations upon the report of the Dulles-Jackson-Correa report

to the National Security Council, 14 February 1949

247

50. ORE 41-49, Effects of a U.S. Foreign Military Aid Program, 24 February 1949

251

51. ORE 3-49, Consequences of US Troop Withdrawal From Korea in

Spring, 1949, 28 February 1949

265

52. ORE 29-49, Prospects for Soviet Control of a Communist China,

15 April 1949

275

53. Central Intelligence Agency Act of 1949, 20 June 1949 287

54. National Security Council, NSC 50, 1 July 1949 295

55. Hillenkoetter, Memorandum for CIA Assistant Directors,

Approval by the NSC of Much of the Dulles Report, 12 July 1949

315

56. ORE], Intelligence Memorandum 225, Estimate of Status of

Atomic Warfare in the USSR, 20 September 1949

319

57. Finance Division to Executive, OPC Wisner], CIA Responsibility and Accountability for ECA Counterpart Funds Expended by

OPC, 17 October 1949

321

58. C. V. H. Charles V. Hulick], Memorandum for the Record, Policy

Guidance, 19 April 1950

323

59. C. Offie to ADPC Wisner], Conversation with Messrs. 1

15, 16 April 1950, 24 April 1950

325

60. ORE 3 2-50, The Effect of the Soviet Possession of Atomic Bombs

on the Security of the United States, 9 June 1950

327
61. ORE], The Korean Situation, 16 September 1950 335

62. Chief, DIPub ER. Jack Smith] to AD/ORE Theodore Babbitt], 337

Contents of the CIA Daily Summary, 21 September 1950

Part ifi: The Smith Years 339

63. Houston to Lt. Gen. W. B. Smith, 29 August 1950

64. Wisner, Memorandum for Director of Central Intelligence,

Interpretation of NSC 10/2 and Related Matters, 12 October 1950

65. Smith, Memorandum for the President, 12 October 1950

66. National Intelligence Estimate 12, Consequences of the Early

Employment of Chinese Nationalist Forces in Korea,

27 December 1950

67. Milton W. Buffington to CSP Lewis S. Thompson], United States

National Student Association, 17 February 1951

68. Lyman B. Kirkpatrick, Memorandum for the Deputy Director of

Central Intelligence William H. Jackson], Problems of OSO,

8June 1951

69. 3. S. Eannan, Memorandum for Rear Admiral Robert L. Dennison,

King AbdullahsAssassination, 20 July 1951

70. Special Estimate 9, Probable Immediate Developments in the Far

East Following a Failure in the Cease~Fire Negotiations in Korea,

6Augustl95l

71. Special Estimate 13, Probable Developments in the World

Situation Through Mid-1953, 24 September 1951

72. Office of the DCI], Staff Conference, 22 October 1951 (Excerpt)

73. National Security Council, NSC 10/5, 23 October 1951

74. Pforzheimer, Memorandum fOr, the Record, CIA Appropriations, 25 October 1951

75. Office of the DCI], Staff Conference, 21 November 1951

76. Earman, Memorandum for Rear Admiral Robert L. Dennison,

Estimate of Situation in Guatemala, 14 January 152

77. Wisner, Memorandum for Deputy Assistant Director for Policy

Coordination, Reported Crisis in the American Committee for

Cultural Freedom, 7 April 1952

78. Smith, Memorandum for the National Security Council, Report by the Director of Central Intelligence, 23 April 1952

79. Smith to CIA Deputy Directors, Organization of CIA Clandestine

Services, 15 July 1952

80. Office of the DCI], Staff Conference, 27 October 1952

81. Truman, Remarks of the President, 21 November 1952

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349

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385

387

391

409

435

437

441

445

451

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457

465

469

471